Afrika

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    <title>Afrika</title>
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      <text bytes="18779" sha1="hl2zk2feibyaiiljwaulhruo9uxvfik" xml:space="preserve">{{selfref2|''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan [[qaarad]]a Afrika. Maqaalo kale eeg [[wadanada Afrika]]}}
{{selfref2|''Boga &quot;Africa&quot; halkan ayaa laga soo toosiyay.}}
{{Infobox continent
|title = Afrika
|image = [[File:Africa (orthographic projection).svg|200px]]
|area = {{convert|30,221,532|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}},&amp;nbsp;[[Qaarad|2aad]]
|population = 1.1 bilyan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.prb.org/pdf13/2013-WPDS-infographic_MED.pdf |title=2013 World Population Data Sheet |last=Gudmastad |first=Ericha |date=2013 |website={{URL|prb.org}} |publisher=[[Population Reference Bureau]] |access-date=18 August 2015 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=20 Bisha Tobnaad 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020054627/http://www.prb.org/pdf13/2013-WPDS-infographic_MED.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; (2013, [[2]]aad)
|density = 36.4/km2 (94/sq mi)
|demonym = [[Afrikan]]
|countries = 51 (iyo 4 buuq ka taagan yahay)
|list_countries = 
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 | list_style = text-align:left;
 |title = External (3)
 | 1 = Mayotte | 2 = Réunion | 3 = Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 | list_style = text-align:left;
 |title = Internal (4)
 | 1 = Canary Islands | 2 = Keuta
 | 3 = Madeira Islands | 4 = Melilla
 }}
|languages = [[Luuqad|1250-3000 luuqadood]]
|time = [[UTC-1]] ilaa [[UTC+4]]
|cities = Caasimadaha ugu waaweyn qaarada Afrika&lt;br&gt;{{flagicon|Algeria}}[[Algiers]]-[[Tunis]]&lt;br&gt;{{flagicon|Masar}}[[Qaahiro]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Uganda.svg|22px]][[Kambaala]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|22px]][[Khartuum]]-[[Omdurman]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Niger.svg|22px]][[Niamey]]&lt;br&gt;{{flagicon|Nigeria}}[[Abuja]]-[[Lagos]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg|22px]][[Abidjan]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Chad.svg|22px]][[Injamiina]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Senegal.svg|22px]][[Dakar]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Tanzania.svg|22px]][[Dar es Salaam]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Mozambique.svg|25px]][[Mabuto]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag_of_South_Africa.svg|25px]][[Johannesburg]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Namibia.svg|22px]][[Windhoek]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg|22px]][[Freetown]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|22px]][[Kinshasa]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|22px]][[Ouagadougou]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg|25px]][[Addis Abeba]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Angola.svg|22px]][[Luanda]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Kenya.svg|22px]][[Nayroobi]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg|25px]][[Addis Abeba]]&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag_of_South_Africa.svg|25px]][[Kab town]]-[[Pretoria]]`
}}


[[File:LocationAfrica.png|right|thumbnail|thumb|Afrika]]
[[File:Khariiddada Qaarada Afrika.png|thumb|450px|Kariirada Afrika]]


'''Afrika''' ({{lang-en|Africa}}; [[Af Carabi]]: أفريقيا) waa qaarada labaad ee ugu weyn qaaradaha aduunka kadib qaarada [[Aasiya]] dhanka baaxada iyo dhanka dadkaba. Baaxada Afrika waxay la'egtahay c. 30,244,050 km² (11,677,240 mi²)&lt;ref&gt;Sayre, April Pulley (1999), ''Africa'', Twenty-First Century Books. ISBN 0-7613-1367-2.&lt;/ref&gt; tiradaas waxaa ku jira dhamaan jasiiradaha lagu xisaabo Afrika. Afrika baaxadeeda waxay dabooshaa 20.3% baaxada dhulka oo dhan. Sida lagu xusay tirokoob caalami ah oo la sameeyay sanadkii 2013ka waxaa ku nool qaarada Afrika dad tiradooda ay dhantahay [[bilyan|1.3 bilyan]] taasi oo ah tiro u dhiganta todobo qeyboodoo qayb dadka dunida ku noolo maanta. 

Qarnigii 19aad ayaa wadamada reer [[Yurub]] go'aan ku gaadhay gumeysashada Afrika. Dawladda kaliya ee xor ahaa waqtiga halgankaas waa dawladda [[Diiriye Guure]] ee abaanduulkii guud ka ahaa [[Ismaaciil Mire]].

==Hareersan==
Qaarada Afrika waxaa ku hareersan biyo; [[Bada Mediterraniyan]]ka waxay ka xigta waqooyi, sidoo kale [[Gacanka Suweys]] iyo [[Bada Cas]] waxay ka xigaan waqooyibari, [[Badweynta Hindiya]] ayaa kaga taala koonfurbari, iyo [[Badweynta Atlantika]] oo ka xigta galbeed. Intaas waxaa dheer, wadanka jasiirada [[Madagaskar]] iyo gasiirado kale ayaa soo hoosgala qaarada. Sida rasmiga ah waxaa qaarada Afrika degan [[wadan|51+4 wadan]] oo la aqoonsan yahay, sagaal deegaan iyo labo wadan oo wali la aqoonsan.&lt;ref&gt;Fiiri [[Wadanada Afrika]].&lt;/ref&gt;

==Bulshada==
Xaga bulshada, qaarada Afrika waxaa ku dhaqan dadka ugu da'da yar caalamka marka tirada guud laga hadlayo; 50% dadka Afrikaanka ahi waa da'da ka yar 19 sano.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/njideka-u-harry/african-youth-innovation-_b_3904408.html | work=Huffington Post | first=Njideka U. | last=Harry | title=African Youth, Innovation and the Changing Society | date=11 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Juquraafi ahaan, wadanka [[Aljeeriya]] ayaa ugu wayn dhulka iyo baaxada, halka [[Nayjeeriya]] ugu dad badan tahay; waxaana guud ahaan caalamka la isku raacay in badhtamaha iyo [[Bariga Afrika]] yihiin meesha [[dad|aadamuhu]] ka soo beermeer markii ugu horeeysay. Waxaa deegaanadan laga helay lafo aad u da' weyn oo muujinaya horaantii dadka. Tusaale ahaan, wadanka [[Itoobiya]] waxaa laga helay [[laf]]aha ugu da'da weyn inta la ogyahay midaasi oo jirta 200,000 kun sano.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Homo sapiens: University of Utah News Release: Feb. 16, 2005 |url=http://web.utah.edu/unews/releases/05/feb/homosapiens.html |access-date=2015-09-21 |archive-date=2007-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070805053127/http://web.utah.edu/unews/releases/05/feb/homosapiens.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Guud ahaan qaarada Afrika waxaa dhex mara [[dhul badhe|dhulbadhaha]], waxayna leedahay noocyo badan oo [[cimilo]] kala gedisan ah. Waana qaarada keli ah ee laga helo astaamaha cimilada waqooyi ilaa koonfurta [[dhul]]ka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|url=http://www.visualgeography.com/continents/africa.html
|title=Africa. General info
|last=Visual Geography
|date=
|accessdate=2007-11-24
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Sidoo kale, qaarada Afrika waxaa loo qeybiyaa shan ''gobol'' kuwaasi oo ku salaysan juquraafiga deegaanka. Waxay kala yihiin: [[Bariga Afrika]], [[Badhtamaha Afrika]], [[Waqooyiga Afrika]], [[Galbeedka Afrika]] iyo [[Koonfurta Afrika]].

Afrika dadka kunool dhamaan waa dadka madow marka laga reebo wadamada Waqooyiga Afrika oo ay ku nool yihiin dad [[Carab]] ahi iyo wadamada sida [[Koonfur Afrika]] iyo [[Simbaabwi]] iyo [[Nambiya]] oo laga helo dad tiro yar oo cadaan ay ka tageen gumeystihii reer Yurub.

==Magaca==
Ereyga ''Ifri'' waxa lagu magaacaabi jiray dad ku noolaan jiray waqooyiga Afrika meel ku dhaw boqortooyadii la odhanjiray &quot;Qardaaj&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Georges|first1=Karl Ernst|editor1-last=Georges|editor1-first=Heinrich|encyclopedia=Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch|date=1913–1918|location=Hannover|edition=8th|url=http://latin_german.deacademic.com/1644|accessdate=20 September 2015|language=German|title=Afri|=https://web.archive.org/web/20160116044500/http://latin_german.deacademic.com/1644}} {{Wayback|url=http://latin_german.deacademic.com/1644 |date=20160116044500 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Lewis|first1=Charlton T.|last2=Short|first2=Charles|encyclopedia=A Latin Dictionary|date=1879|publisher=Clarendon Press|location=Oxford|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3DAfer|accessdate=20 September 2015|title=Afer}}&lt;/ref&gt; Magaca Afrika waxa laga raad raacikaraa luqadii ay isticmaali jireen dadkii lagu magacaabi jiray Fonesiyaanka, waxa la sheegay in kalmada afri ay tahay boodhka waxa kale oo lasheegay in dadkii looyaqaanay barbarku ay u yaqaaneen kalmada afri godka taasoo markaas noqonaysa dadkii godka.&lt;ref&gt;[http://michel-desfayes.org/namesofcountries.html Names of countries] {{Wayback|url=http://michel-desfayes.org/namesofcountries.html |date=20190627022921 }}, Decret and Fantar, 1981.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Michell&quot;&gt;[http://www.jstor.org/pss/714549 Geo. Babington Michell, &quot;The Berbers&quot;], ''Journal of Royal African Society'', Vol. 2, No. 6 (January 1903), pp. 161-194.&lt;/ref&gt; 
==Taarikhda Waayigi Hore==
[[File:Lucy blackbg.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Lucy (Australopithecus)|Lucy]], waa ''[[Australopithecus afarensis]]'' lafo lagusoo qoday Itoobiya, marka ay taarikhda ahayd 24 Nofeembar 1974. We'ayot Itoobiya Depressione di Afar]]

Dadka paleoantropologo intooda badan waxay ay aaminsan yihiin in qaarada Afrika ay tahay meesha ay asal ahaan bani-aadanka ka yimaadeen. Qarnigi labaatanaad dhexdeeda, [[Anthroboloji|antropologi]] waxa ay dhulka kasoo heleen lafaha dad badan dhintay oo fossilika taasi ay caddeneysaa in fikiroodi run tahay:asal ahaan bani-admigu wa dad ku noolaan jirey Afrika 7 milyoon sano ka hor.
hadaba afirca wexey leedahahay tariqo farabadan ku waasoo ey ugu weynyihiin: faraacintii Masar, iyo waliba is adoosi waqti dheer kajirijiray Afrikada madow.
==Gobolada Afrika==
Sidaan horay u soo sheegnay, qaarada Afrika waxaa loo qeybiyaa shan ''gobol'' kuwaasi oo ku salaysan juquraafiga deegaanka. Waxay kala yihiin: [[Bariga Afrika]], [[Badhtamaha Afrika]], [[Waqooyiga Afrika]], [[Galbeedka Afrika]] iyo [[Koonfurta Afrika]].
===Bariga Afrika===
[[File:Eastern-Africa-map.PNG|thumb|Gobolka Bariga Afrika (si waafaqsan habka [[Qaramada Midoobay]])]]

[[File:LocationEasternAfrica.png|right|thumb|245px|
{{legend|#00a000|Bariga Afrika ([[QM|Qaabaynta QM]])}}
{{legend|#177245|[[Bulshada Bariga Afrika]]}}
{{legend|#ACE1AF|Federaalka Bulshada Bartamaha Afrika}}
{{legend|#00f000|Juquraafiga Bariga Afrika waxaa ku jira deegaano ka baxsan gobolka kaasi oo Qaramada Midoobay ku soo dartey.}}]]

'''Bariga Afrika''' ({{lang-en|East Africa}}; {{lang-ar|شرق أفريقيا}}) waa gobolka dhaca [[bari]]ga qaarada [[Afrika]], taasi oo aad ugu kala duwan deegaan ahaan, juquraafi ahaan iyo siyaasad ahaan. Sida ku xusan qawaaniinta gobolada ee dejisay [[QM|Jimciyada Qarama Midoobay]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm| title = Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings | publisher = United Nations| date = 2013-10-31 | accessdate = 2015-01-28}}&lt;/ref&gt; deegaanka Bariga Afrika waxay ka kooban tahay ilaa 20 wadan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm|title=United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)|work=un.org|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=2016-07-25|archive-date=2011-07-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713041240/http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;, kuwaasi oo kala ah:

* [[Tanzania]], [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], [[Rwanda]], [[Burundi]] iyo [[Koonfurta Suudaan]] – wadanadan oo dhaca Badhtamaha Bariga Afrika waxay dhamaan xubin ka yihiin ururka [[Bulshada Bariga Afrika]] (East African Community) (EAC).
* [[Somalia]], [[Djibouti]], [[Eritrea]] iyo [[Ethiopia]]– dhowrkan wadan waxaa loo yaqaana [[Geeska Afrika]].&lt;ref&gt;Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara, Second Edition: A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guilford Press: 2004), p. 26&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.irinnews.org/Africa-Region.aspx?Region=HOA&amp;Service=ENG|title=IRIN - Horn of Africa|work=IRINnews}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Michael Hodd, ''East Africa Handbook'', 7th Edition, (Passport Books: 2002), p. 21: &quot;To the north are the countries of the Horn of Africa comprising Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti and Somalia.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Encyclopædia Britannica, inc, Jacob E. Safra, ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica'', (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.61: &quot;The northern mountainous area, known as the Horn of Africa, comprises Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Comoros]], [[Mauritius]] iyo [[Seychelles]] – kuwani waa gasiirado ku dhex yaala [[Badweynta Hindiya]].
* Réunion iyo Mayotte – gasiirado yaryar oo gacanta ku hayso wadanka [[Faransiiska]].
* [[Mozambique]] iyo [[Madagascar]] – kuwaasi oo marar badan lagu xisaabiyo wadanada [[Koonfurta Afrika]].
* [[Malawi]], [[Zambia]] iyo [[Zimbabwe]].
===Badhtamaha Afrika===

[[Image:LocationCentralMiddleAfrica.png|right|thumb|300px|
{{legend|#3a963a|Badhtamaha Afrika}}
{{legend|#5cd65c|Deegaanka Badhtamaha Afrika ([[QM|Xadka Qaramada Midoobay]])}}
{{legend|#00ff3c|Dalalka Federalka Badhtamaha Afrika}}]]
[[File:Night Pass over Central Africa and the Middle East.ogv|thumb|300px|Fiidiyowgan waxaa laga soo duubay [[dayaxa]] waa muuqaalka sare ee Badhtamaha Afrika.]]
'''Badhtanka Afrika''' ({{lang-en|Central Africa}}; {{lang-ar|وسط أفريقيا}}) waa deegaan xudun u ah badhtamaha qaarada [[Afrika]], taasi oo ka kooban tiro wadano ah, sida: [[Burundi]], [[Jamhuuriyadda Bartamaha Afrika]], [[Jad]], [[Jamhuuriyada Dimuqaraadiga Kongo]], iyo [[Ruwanda]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm| title = Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings | publisher = United Nations| date = 2013-10-31 | accessdate = 2015-01-28}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

===Waqooyiga Afrika===


[[Image:North Africa (orthographic projection).svg|right|thumb|300px|
{{legend|#3a963a|Waqooyiga Afrika}}
{{legend|#5cd65c|Deegaanka Waqooyiga Afrika ([[QM|Xadka Qaramada Midoobay]])}}
{{legend|#00ff3c|Dalalka ka baxsan Waqooyiga Afrika}}]]

'''Waqooyiga Afrika''' ({{lang-en|North Africa}}; {{lang-ar|شمال أفريقيا}}) waa deegaanka ugu xiga [[waqooyi]]ga dhamaan gobolada qaarada [[Afrika]], taasi oo ka kooban ilaa &quot;Toban&quot; iyo &quot;Labo&quot;+ wadan iyo deegaano, sida: 
[[Algeria|Aljeeriya]], [[Egypt|Masar]], [[Libya]], [[Morocco|Marooko]], [[Sudan|Suudaan]], [[Tunisia|Tuuniisiya]], [[Mauritania|Mauritania]] iyo [[Djibouti|Jabuuti]] .&lt;ref&gt;According to UN country classification here:  [http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm.] {{Wayback|url=http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm. |date=20200328113335 }} The disputed territory of [[Western Sahara]] (formerly [[Spanish Sahara]]) is mostly administered by Morocco; the Polisario Front claims the territory in militating for the establishment of an independent republic, and exercises limited control over rump border territories.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm| title = Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings | publisher = United Nations| date = 2013-10-31 | accessdate = 2015-01-28}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Intaas waxaa dheer, wadanada Aljeeriya, Marooko, Tuuniisiya iyo Liibiya waxaa guud ahaan loo yaqaana [[Magrib (Gobol)|Gobolka Maghreb]].

===Galbeedka Afrika===

[[File:LocationWesternAfrica.png|thumb|
{{legend|#00a000|Wadanada Galbeedka Afrika ([[QM|Gobolada Qaramada Midoobay]])}}
{{legend|#00ff00|Deegaanka [[Magrib (Gobol)]], kaasi oo ah deegaan ka baxsan Galbeedka Afrika.}}]]
'''Galbeedka Afrika''' ({{lang-en|West Africa}}; {{lang-ar|غرب أفريقيا}}; sidoo kale loo yaqaano '''Dadka Galbeedka Afrika''' ''People of Western Africa'') waa deegaan balaadhan oo dhaca [[galbeed]]ka qaarada [[Afrika]], taasi oo leh 18 wadan kuwasi oo kala ah: [[Benin]], [[Burkina Faso]], the island of [[Cape Verde]], [[Gambia]], [[Ghana]], [[Guinea]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Ivory Coast]], [[Liberia]], [[Mali]],  [[Niger]], [[Nigeria]], the island of [[Saint Helena]], [[Senegal]], [[Sierra Leone]], [[Sao Tome and Principe]] and [[Togo]].

===Koonfurta Afrika===
==Wadamada Afrika==
[[File:African continent-ar.png|thumb|right|400px|Khariirada afrika]]
*01[[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|21px]][[Aljeeriya]].**_* !!`
*02 [[File:Flag of Angola.svg|19px]] [[Angola]]
*03[[File:Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg|18px]][[Jamhuuriyadda Bartamaha Afrika]]
*04 [[File:Flag of Benin.svg|19px]] [[Benin]]
*05 [[File:Flag of Botswana.svg|18px]][[Botswana]]
*06[[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|19px]][[Burkina Faso]].*
*07 [[File:Flag of Burundi.svg|19px]][[Burundi]]
*08 [[File:Flag of Eritrea.svg|18px]] [[Eratareya]]
*09 [[File:Flag of Ghana.svg|19px]][[Gaana]]_***!!
*10 [[File:Flag of Gabon.svg|19px]][[Gabon]]
*11 [[File:Flag of The Gambia.svg|19px]][[Gambia]]_***?

*12 [[File:Flag of Guinea.svg|18px]][[Guinea]]_**!!
*13 [[File:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg|18px]][[Guinea-Bissau]]
*14 [[File:Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg|18px]][[Equatorial Guinea]] _*** !!'? 
*15[[File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg|19px]][[Itoobiya]].**_*!!`?`

*16 [[File:Flag of Chad.svg|18px]][[Jad]]
*17 [[File:Flag of Cape Verde (10-17).svg|17px]] [[Kab Ferde]]
*18 [[File:Flag of Cameroon.svg|19px]] [[Kamiruun]]
*19 [[File:Flag of Kenya.svg|19px]] [[Kiinya]]
*20 [[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|17px]] [[Komoros]]
*21 [[File:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg|18px]][[Jamhuuriyadda Kongo]] 

*22 [[File:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|19px]]_(DRC)**_*!!.!!`?`
*23[[File:Flag of South Africa.svg|19px]][[Koonfur Afrika]]
*23[[File:Flag of South Sudan.svg|18px]][[Koonfur Suudaan]]_**_!!'?
*24 [[File:Flag of Liberia.svg|18px]] [[Liberia]]
*25 [[File:Flag of Libya.svg|19px]] [[Libya]]
*26 [[File:Flag of Mali.svg|19px]] [[Maali]]
*27 [[File:Flag of Madagascar.svg|19px]] [[Madagaskar]].!!`
*28 [[File:Flag of Malawi.svg|19px]] [[Malaawi]]
*29 [[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|21px]] [[Marooko]]
*30[[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|21px]] [[Masar]]._**_*!!`?
*31 [[File:1959-2017 Flag of Mauritania.svg|18px]][[Mauritania]]_**_*
*32 [[File:Flag of Mauritius.svg|21px]] [[Mauritius]]
*33 [[File:Flag of Mozambique.svg|19px]] [[Musanbiig]]
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*35 [[File:Flag of Niger.svg|18px]] [[Nayjar]]
*36[[File:Flag of Nigeria.svg|21px]] [[Nayjeeriya]].**_*!!`
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*38[[File:Flag of Zambia.svg|19px]][[Saambiya]]_**_*!!'?

*39 [[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|19px]] [[Seyshelles]]
*40 [[File:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg|19px]] [[Sierra Leone]]
*41[[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|19px]] [[Soomaaliya]].*** *
*42 [[File:Flag of Djibouti.svg|17px]] [[Jabuuti]]
*43 [[File:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|19px]] [[Simbaabwi]]

*44[[File:Flag of Senegal.svg|21px]] [[Sinigaal]].**_*!!`?
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*48 [[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|17px]] [[Tunisiya]]
*49 [[File:Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg|19px]] [[Xeebta Foolmaroodi]]. !!`?
*51 [[File:Flag of Uganda.svg|19px]] [[Yugandha]].!!`?

==Ururo==
* [http://www.africa-union.org/ Midowga afrika] {{Wayback|url=http://www.africa-union.org/ |date=20120415004713 }}
* [http://esperanto-afriko.webs.com/kursojcourscourses.htm Esperanto-afriko.org ( Waxbarasho)] {{Wayback|url=http://esperanto-afriko.webs.com/kursojcourscourses.htm |date=20110722011930 }}

==Qoraalo Kale==
*[[Wadanada Afrika]]
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==Tixraac==
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{{commonscat|Africa|Afrika}}

[[Category:Afrika]]
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[[Category:Dhul]]</text>
      <sha1>hl2zk2feibyaiiljwaulhruo9uxvfik</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Awdal</title>
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      <text bytes="24436" sha1="nsufelbbjcpmpca7c80ntemd7rknjk3" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Awdal
| native_name        = {{native name|so|italics=no|Awdal}} &lt;br /&gt; {{native name|ar|italics=no|أودَل}}
| other_name         = 
| settlement_type    = [[Gobolada Somaliland|Gobol]]
| image_skyline      = [[File:Zayla.jpg|280px]]
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = Burburkii Muslimiinta [[Cadal Sultanate|Suldaanka Cadal]] ee [[Saylac]]
| image_flag         = 
| image_seal         = 
| image_shield       = 
| motto              = [[waxbarasho]], [[Nabad]] iyo [[Barwaaqo]].
| image_map          = Awdal in Somaliland.svg
| mapsize            = 250px
|pushpin_map         =Somaliland
| map_caption        = Goobta Somaliland.
| coordinates        = {{coord|10|48|3|N|43|21|7|E|type:adm1st_region:SO|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = {{flag| Somaliland}}
| subdivision_type1  = 
| subdivision_name1  = 
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = June 1984
| seat_type          = [[Xarunta maamulka]]
| seat               = [[Boorama]]
| government_type    = Goboleed
| leader_title       = [[Gudoomiyaha Awdal|Gudoomiye]]
| leader_name        = [[Muxumed Xasan Jaamac]] (Tiimbaro)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Protests turn violent in Borama: demonstrators seek justice for fallen coast guard officer |url=https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2023/May/191199/protests_turn_violent_in_borama_demonstrators_seek_justice_for_fallen_coast%C2%A0guard%C2%A0officer.aspx |website=www.hiiraan.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_magnitude     = 
| area_total_km2     = 21,374
| elevation_m        = 2,136
| elevation_ft       = 
| population_total   = 636108
| population_as_of   = 2024, estimate&lt;ref name=ipc2024&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://fsnau.org/downloads/Somalia-2024-Post-Gu-Acute-Food-Insecurity-Rural-Urban-and-IDP-Population-Stressed-Crisis-and-Emergency-%28Projection-Oct-Dec-2024%29.pdf|title=IPC Population Estimates: Projection (Oct-Dec 2024)|author=|date=|work=IPC|access-date=2025-02-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_density_km2 = 30&lt;!--636108/21374--&gt;
| population_note    = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| blank_name_sec2    = [[Tilmaanta Horumarinta Aadanaha|HDI]] (2021)
| blank_info_sec2    = 0.401&lt;ref name=&quot;GlobalDataLab&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2018-09-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{color|#500|low}} · [[Liiska gobollada Soomaaliya marka loo eego Tilmaanta Horumarinta Aadanaha|3aad]]
| area_code          = +252
| website            = 
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| official_name      = 
| iso_code           = SO-AW
| elevation_min_ft   = 0
| elevation_max_ft   = 8,635
| population_density_urban_km2 = &lt;!--287,822 no source--&gt;
}}
'''Awdal'''([[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]: Awdal, [[Carabi]]: أودَل)  waa gobol ku yaalo Galbeed ka dalka [[Somaliland|Somalia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cwfsom&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |title        = Somalia
 |work         = The World Factbook
 |publisher    = Central Intelligence Agency
 |location     = Langley, Virginia
 |url          = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html
 |accessdate   = 6 December 2013
 |ciwaan       = Nuqul Archive
 |archive-date = 1 Bisha Todobaad 2016
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20160701194614/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html
 |dead-url     = yes
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Awr&quot;&gt;{{cite web
| title        = Awdal Region
| url          = http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/121024_Administrative_Map_Awdal_A4.pdf
| accessdate   = 30 January 2014
}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Awdal waxay ka go'day gobolka [[Woqooyi Galbeed]] ayna noqotay gobol [[1984]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web
| url          = https://somalia.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population-Estimation-Survey-of-Somalia-PESS-2013-2014.pdf
| title        = Population Estimation Survey 2014
| archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20170804014649/http://somalia.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population-Estimation-Survey-of-Somalia-PESS-2013-2014.pdf
| archive-date = 4 August 2017
}}&lt;/ref&gt; . Dhinaca bariga waxay xuduud la leedahay  [[Maroodi Jeex]] iyo [[saaxil]] Dhinaca GalbeedKa waxay xuduud la leedahay [[Jabuuti]] , koonfurta waxay xuduud la leedahay [[Itoobiya]] iyo Dhinaca woqooyiga neh [[Gacanka Cadmeed]]&lt;ref&gt;E. H. M. Clifford, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1785556 &quot;The British Somalia-Ethiopia Boundary&quot;, ''Geographical Journal''] , Vol. 87, No. 4 (Apr. 1936), p. 296&lt;/ref&gt;. Gobolka waxaa ku nool dad lagu qiyaasey 673,263 oo qof&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web
| url          = https://somalia.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population-Estimation-Survey-of-Somalia-PESS-2013-2014.pdf
| title        = Population Estimation Survey 2014
| archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20170804014649/http://somalia.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population-Estimation-Survey-of-Somalia-PESS-2013-2014.pdf
| archive-date = 4 August 2017
| url-status     = 
}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Gobolku wuxuu ka kooban yahay lix degmo [[Boorama]] oo ah xarunta gobolka,  [[Baki|Gebiley Wajaale Baki]] ,[[Lughaya]] , iyo [[Saylac]].

==Hordhac==
Gobolkan waa gobol taariikh dheer leh oo xadaarad suldaanimo, boqortooyo iyo ismaamul dheer soo lahaa mudo aad u dheer. Boqortooyada [[Adal]] waxay ka mid tahay awooodihii ugu caansanaa ee ka soo talin jirey gobolka Awdal. 
Awdal waxaa magaalo madax u ah caasimada [[Boorama]], oo ah magaalada ugu weyn gobolka. Gobolkan waa gobolada ugu horumarsan woqooyiga gaar ahaan woqooyi galbeed, xag dhaqaale, waxbarsho, diineed iyo isgaadhsiineedba.
==Sharaxaada==
[[File:Zayla.jpg|thumb|Burburkii Saldanadii Adal ee Saylac Somaliland .]]
Awdal (أودل) waxa ay magaceeda ka soo qaadatay Adal Sultanate (عَدَل) dhexe oo asalkeedu ahaa Saylac . Dhulka ku teedsan xuduudka Itoobiya waa magaalo aad u badan oo burbursan, taasoo uu ku tilmaamay sahamiye Ingiriis ah Richard F. Burton .  Geology ahaan, inta badan gobolka Awdal waxay ku yaalliin saxanka Carabta .
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Gobolka Awdal waxa dega inta badan beesha Gadabuursi oo ka mid ah beelaha Dir kuwaas oo si gaar ah u matala oo loo tixgeliyo inay yihiin beesha ugu badan ee gobolka. 
Federico Battera (2005) wuxuu ka sheegay Gobolka Awdal:
&quot;Awdal waxa dega inta badan ururka Gadabuursi ee beelaha.&quot; 
Warbixin ay soo saartay Qaramada Midoobay oo ay daabacday Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (1999), ayaa ku sheegtay Awdal:
&quot;Beesha Gadabuursi ayaa ka talisa gobolka Awdal, taasina waxay keentay in siyaasadda gobolka Awdal ay ku dhowdahay inay la mid tahay arrimaha beelaha Gadabuursi.&quot; 
Roland Marchal (1997) wuxuu sheegay in tiro ahaan, Gadabuursigu ay yihiin dadka ugu badan ee deggan Gobolka Awdal:
&quot;Tirada Gadabuursi ee Awdal waxay hubaal ka dhigaysaa in danaha Gadabuursi ay wadaan siyaasadda gobolka.&quot; 
Marleen Renders iyo Ulf Terlinden (2010) labaduba waxay sheegeen in Gadabuursigu ay si gaar ah u deggan yihiin Gobolka Awdal:
“Awdal ee galbeedka Somaliland waxay u dhaxaysaa Jabuuti, Itoobiya iyo dhulweynaha Somaliland ee Isaaqu degan yahay, waxa deggen ugu horrayn saddexda beelood ee beesha Gadabuursi ka kooban tahay, kuwaas oo hay’adoodii dhaqanku ka badbaadeen gumaysigii, dawladnimadii Soomaaliya iyo dagaalladii ka dhacayna si wanaagsan bay u socdaan, welina si habsami ah u shaqaynaya, aadna ugu xidhan nabadgelyada guud. 
Waxa kale oo jira tiro aad u tiro yar oo ka tirsan beesha Ciise ee Dir oo inta badan degta degmada Saylac.

==Degmooyinka Gobolka==
Gobolkani waxa uu ka koobanyahay shan degmo oo kala ah 
* [[Boorama]]
* [[Baki]]
* [[Lughaya]]
* [[Saylac]]
* [[Dilla]]
* [[Quljeed]]
* [[Boon]]
* [[Xariirad]]
* [[Weeraar]]
* [[Jirjir]]
* [[Cali Xaydh]]
* [[Bus]]
* Siimodi
* Goroyo cawl
* Abuqees
* Garboraaxo
* Gebilay 
* Wajaale 
* kalabayadh
==Taariikhda==
===British Somaliland, Soomaaliya===
[[File:British_Somaliland_Districts.png|thumb|Qaybaha maamulka ee British Somaliland sida lagu sheegay buug lagu daabacay UK 1951kii]]
British Somaliland , Awdal maanta waxa la odhan jiray degmada Saylac-Boorama iyadoo laga duulayo magaaladii ugu weynayd ee gobolka. 
Abbaarihii 1964kii waxa la isku daray degmooyinka Berbera, Boorama iyo Hargeysa oo laga dhigay gobolka Waqooyi-Galbeed (Hargeysa). 
1984kii, dawladdii Soomaaliya ayaa aasaastay gobolka Awdal. 
Laga soo bilaabo dabayaaqadii sideetamaadkii, Soomaaliya waxa ay ku jirtay xaalad dagaal sokeeye. Gobolada Waqooyi Galbeed ee Soomaaliya waxaa hubkii qaatay jabhadii SNM oo ahayd urur siyaasi ah oo beesha Isaaq ka soo horjeeday. Ugu horrayn Maleeshiyo beeleedka Gadabuursi waxay ka barbar dagaalameen dawladdii Soomaaliya ee SNM.  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, SNM ayaa dagaal ku qaaday, waxaana bishii January 1991-kii dagaallo ka dhacay Dilla oo ka tirsan Awdal , SNM-tuna ay ku guulaysatay oo ay soo gaadhay ilaa Boorama . Hase yeeshee, ka dib, beesha Gadabuursi waxay heshiis la gashay SNM, SNM-tuna waxay ka baxday Awdal goor hore. 
===Dib ula soo noqoshada madax-banaanida Somaliland===
[[File:Sheikh-ibrahim-boorama-conference.jpg|thumb|Shirwaynihii Balaadhnaa Ee Boorama]]
May 1991, SNM waxay ku dhawaaqday dib ula soo noqoshada madax-banaanida Qaranka Somaliland . Beesha Gabadulsi ma aysan rabin arinkaas, balse waxay la kaashadeen gooni isu taagga Somaliland, iyagoo ka duulaya rabitaankooda nabadda iyo in SNM ay ka sarreyso ciidan ahaan. Intaa ka dib, beesha Gabadulshi waxay iska kaashadeen xasilinta Somaliland, waxayna u dhaqmeen sidii gacan saddexaad oo dhex dhexaadin ah oo dhex dhexaadin ah beelaha Isaaq. Shirweynihii 1993-kii ee dib-u-heshiisiinta qaranka ayaa lagu qabtay magaalada Boorama ee gobolka Awdal. 
Sannadkii 2000 waxa la xidhay madaarka Boorama . 
2002 ilaa 2010, Madaxweynaha Somaliland wuxuu ahaa Daahir Riyaale Kaahin , oo ka soo jeeda beesha Gadabuursi.
Bishii March 2008, Madaxweynaha Somaliland waxa uu ku dhawaaqay in deegaanka Saylac ee gobolka Awdal ka tirsan la kala saari doono si loo sameeyo gobolka Salal.  Hase yeeshee, ma ansixin golaha wakiilada Somaliland, waxaana dib loo xaqiijiyey in Saylac ay ku sugan tahay gobolka Awdal iyada oo laga dhaqangelinayo “Xeerkii Dawladaha Hoose ee 2019” January 2020.
Bishii February 2009, waxa dagaal ku dhex maray beesha Reer Xareed ee degmada Gabiley iyo beesha Reer Nuur ee gobolka Awdal, waxaana ku dhintay laba qof. Colaadda labada beelood waxay soo bilaabatay 1998. 
Bishii Luulyo 2009, magaalada Boorama ee Awdal waxaa ka dhacay rabshado ka dhashay dagaal beeleed, waxaana ku dhintay afar qof. 
Bishii Sebtembar 2010, ciidan ka kooban 300 oo askari oo loo malaynayo inay ka tirsan yihiin Jabhadda Waddaniga Xoraynta Ogaadeenya , ayaa ku soo duulay aagga u dhexeeya Lughaya iyo Saylac ee Awdal, balse waxa ku hareeraysan ciidanka Somaliland. 
June 2012, Rashid Hersi, oo ku nool magaalada Barrhaven , Ottawa, Canada, ayaa ku dhawaaqay in Awdal ay xorowday, isla markaana loo magacaabay madaxweyne.
Bishii February 2013, Suldaan Ibraahim Jaamac Samatar oo ka mid ah Madax-dhaqameedka Awdal, ayaa Maxamed Nuur Carraale , Wasiirka Arrimaha Gudaha Somaliland ku dhaliilay inuu faro-gelin ku hayo doorashadii Golaha Deegaanka Saylac, isla markaana uu ammaanka bulshada ka sii daray.
Bishii April 2013, Badhasaabka Awdal waxa uu dhaliilay dhalinyarada tirada badan ee ka tahriibaysa Somaliland ee u tahriibaya dalalka kale, waxaanu xusay in loo baahan yahay in la xakameeyo.
===Jabhada Suldaan Wabar===
Bishii Agoosto 2013, Suldaan Abubakar Wabar, oo ah Ugaaska beesha Jibriil Yoonis ee beesha Gadabuursi, ayaa xukuumadda Somaliland ku dhaliilay inay khalkhal gelinayso nabadgelyada guud ee Awdal iyo Salal, Somaliland. 
In March 2014, Suldaan Ciise Suldaan C/laahi Suldaan Cumar was inaugurated as one of the Gadabuursi clan chiefs in Hayayaabe, west of Borama . 
On December 5th 2014, the Jibriil Yoonis clan leader Suldaan Abuubakar Wabar ayaa hogaaminaya ciidan galay buuraha kuna dhawaaqay in ay ka madax banaan yihiin dawlada Somaliland. Dhinaca kale Suldaan Saleebaan Cali Ismaaciil oo isna ka mid ah salaadiinta beelaha Awdal ayaa dhaliilay tallaabada Wabar uu qaaday, isagoo sheegay in maamulka Awdal loo daayo Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Somaliland oo isagu ka soo jeeda Awdal.  Dhanka kale, golaha guurtida Awdal ayaa booqasho ku tagay magaalada Hargeysa ee xarunta Somaliland, waxayna codsadeen in Awdal laga siiyo matalaad cadaalad ah . 
March 18,2015, Waxgarad,Ganacsato,Siyaasiyiin ayaa isugu yimi guriga Suldaan Wabar,waxayna ku dhawaaqeen inay Somaliland ka xoraynayaan Gobolka Awdal, kuna biirayaan Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya.
March 28, 2015 dhawr maleeshiyo ah oo ka damqaday Suldaan Abiikar Waaberi ayaa isu soo dhiibay maamulka gobolka Awdal ee Somaliland. 
Bishii April 2015, xukuumadda Somaliland waxay xidhay lix ka mid ah 40-kii xubnood ee guddida uu dhisay Suldaan Abiikar Waaberi. 
Bishii Oktoobar 2015, rabshado ayaa ka dhacay garoonka kubadda cagta ee Boorama, waxaana ku dhintay hal qof oo rayid ah markii ay isku dhaceen ciidamada booliska. Maalintii xigtay ayaa guriga taliyaha booliska Boorama la weeraray oo dab la qabadsiiyay, dabadeedna wuu gubtay. 
Bishii Oktoobar 2015, labada Itoobiya iyo Somaliland waxay bilaabeen hawlgallo ay kaga soo saarayaan malleeshiyada raacsan Suldaan Abiikar Waaberi, oo fadhigoodu yahay meel u dhow xuduudka. 
Bishii November 2015, Suldaan Wabar ayaa ka baxay Somaliland, wuxuuna dib ugu laabtay Waqooyiga Ameerika, iyadoo ku dhawaad ​​70-kii maleeshiyo ee raacay Wabar lagu daray ciidamada Somaliland. 
Bishii December 2016, waxa Awdal ka dhacay khasaare abaareed oo ka dhashay roob la’aan xilli roobaadkii. 
December 27, 2016 waxaa la sheegay in Suldaan Abuubakar Wabar oo ah ugaaska beesha Jibriil Yoonis uu gudaha u galay saldhigga jabhadda Itoobiya, ciidamada Somaliland ayaa heegan buuxa la geliyay magaalada Boorama.
===Intaa ka dib===
[[File:Sagar_2018-05-18_1035Z.jpg|thumb|Cyclone Sagar sanadka 2018]]
Bishii August 2017, Badhasaabkii Awdal waxa xilka ka qaaday Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Somaliland oo khaladaad badan sameeyay. 
Bishii May 2018, duufaantii Sagar ayaa ku dhufatay Awdal, taas oo adkeysay in taageero loo fidiyo dhulka miyiga ah fatahaadda awgeed. 
June 2018 arday reer Awdal ah ayaa ku guulaystey kaalmaha labaad iyo afraad ee tartanka xifdiga qur’aanka kariimka ah ee uu madaxweynuhu qabtay, waxaana abaal-marin gudoonsiiyey ardaydii reer Awdal.
Bishii Luulyo 2018, Wasiirka Wasaaradda Maaliyadda Somaliland, ayaa ku dhawaaqay in Gobolka Awdal uu ka sarre maray Gobolka Togdheer oo noqday ka ugu sarreeya dakhliga cashuuraha ee qaranka. 
Bishii Oktoobar 2019, baabuur ay dawladdu leedahay ayaa ciidamo hubaysan oo aan haybtooda la aqoonsani ku rasaaseeyeen gobolka Awdal. Taasi waxay keentay in mid ka mid ah taliyayaasha ciidamada Somaliland uu booqdo magaalada Boorama ee gobolka Awdal, isla markaana uu kulamo ka dhan ah la qaatay dawladda hoose iyo madax-dhaqameedka. 
Bishii Nofembar 2019, muuqaal ayaa loo diray warbaahinta oo muujinaya ku dhawaad ​​30 nin oo hubaysan oo sheegay inay &quot;xoreeyeen&quot; deegaanka bariga Boorama, Awdal. 
December 2019, Suldaan Maxamed Abshir Ducaale, oo ka mid ah madax dhaqameedka gobolka Awdal, ayay xukuumadda Somaliland xabsiga dhigtay. Waxaa loo malaynayaa in ay taasi sabab u tahay in uu ka soo horjeestay qorshayaasha macdan baadhista ee dawladda ee gobolka. Mudaaharaad ay dhigayeen dhalinyaro ayaa ka dhacay magaalada Boorama, waxaana ku dhaawacmay hal qof oo ka tirsan ciidamada Booliska. 
August 19, 2020, Suldaan Cabdiraxmaan Dhawal, oo ka mid ah madax dhaqameedka beelaha Gadabuursi, ayaa ku dooday in saami-qaybsiga Awdal ee 82-ka xubnood ee golaha wakiillada Somaliland laga dhigo 40% halka ay hadda taagan yihiin (13 kursi, 16%). 
August 27th 2020 Ughaz Abdirashiid Ugaas Rooble oo ah Ugaaska Beesha Gadabuursi, isla markaana dhaliila siyaasadda Awdal ee Somaliland, ayaa ka dhoofay dalka Itoobiya, kuna sii jeeday magaalada Boorama, balse waxa ka hor istaagay ciidanka Somaliland.      isla maalintaas waxa Boorama ka dhacay mudaharaad rabshado wata, waxaana sida la sheegay ka qayb qaatay dhawr boqol oo dhalinyaro ah. 
Waxa jira warar sheegaya dhacdooyin ay ka mid yihiin iska hor imaad hubaysan oo bishii March 2022 ku dhex maray dabley hubaysan iyo booliska Somaliland goob dahab laga qodo oo u dhaw Boorama, iyo saddex qof oo rayid ah oo lagu dilay magaalada Boorama bishii May 2022 iyada oo ay taagan tahay xiisado beeleed. 
May 2023, Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Somaliland , Cabdiraxmaan Saylici , oo ka soo jeeda Awdal, ayaa xukuumadda Somaliland ku dhaliilay askar booliis ah oo ku xad-gudbay dhallinyaro mudaaharaad ka dhigayay Boorama. 
Bishii Sebtembar 2023, shir ay isugu yimaadeen beesha Gadabuursi ayaa ka dhacay magaalada Ottawa ee dalka Canada, waxaana ka soo qayb galay 100 qof oo uu ku jiro Ugaaska beesha Ugaas Cabdirashiid Ugaas Rooble si loo dhiso Awdal State Movement (ASM), kaas oo ujeedadiisu ahayd in Awdal dib loogu soo celiyo Soomaaliya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, saamaynta Ugaaska beesha Gadabuursi ee Awdal ayaan la garanayn ilaa 2023. 
Bishii Oktoobar 2023, Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Somaliland, Cabdiraxmaan Saylici , oo ka soo jeeda Awdal, ayaa booqasho ku yimid Boorama, waxaanu ku dhaliilay ASM inay ka hawlgasho meel ka baxsan Somaliland, isagoo sheegay in Awdal ay hubaal tahay inay ka tirsan tahay Somaliland. 
January 2024, waxa heshiis is-faham dhex maray Somaliland iyo Itoobiya. Si rasmi ah looma oga, balse waxa jirta aragti ah in haddii ay Somaliland ogolaato ay Itoobiya kiraysato qayb aan la cayimin oo ka mid ah xeebaha Somaliland oo ay ka samaysanayso deked iyo saldhig ciidan. Mudaharaad lagaga soo horjeedo arrintan ayaa ka dhacay magaalooyinka Boorama iyo Lughaya .  Bishii Febraayo, xildhibaanada Somaliland, oo uu ku jiro wakiilka Awdal, ayaa muujiyay sida ay uga soo horjeedaan Is-afgaradka. 
==Dadka deegaanka oo xusid mudan==
*Daahir Riyaale Kaahin — Madaxweynihii hore ee Somaliland

*Xaaji Ibraahim Nuur — siyaasi ku sugan British Somaliland

*Djama Ali Moussa — Siyaasi ku sugan Somaliland

*Yuusuf Tallan - Taliyihii hore ee ciidamada qalabka sida ee Soomaaliya

*Cabdiraxmaan Saylici — Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Somaliland 2010kii

*Djama Rabile Ghod — Agaasimihii hore ee Soomaaliya

*Muuse Rabiile Ghod — Wasiirkii hore ee Gaadiidka Soomaaliya

*Aadan Isaaq Axmed – Wasiirkii hore ee Gaashaandhigga Soomaaliya

*Saleebaan Xasan Xaddi- Maayarkii hore ee Boorama

*Maxamed Axmed Caalin - Badhasaabkii hore ee Awdal

*Cabdiraxmaan Axmed Cali — 

*Badhasaabkii hore ee Awdal

*Rooble Afdeb - abwaan

*Cali Bu’ul — abwaan

==Bulshada==
Gobolka Awdal waxaa si khaas ah u dega beelaha [[Gadabuursi]], sidoo kale loo yaqaano [[Samaroon]] kuwaasi oo ka tirsan beelweynta [[Dir]]. Gobolkan wuxuu qiimo gaar ah u leeyahay taariikhda dowlada [[Somaliland]] taasi oo lagu asaasay magaalada Boorama, xagaas oo dhamaan xubnaha taliska lagu soo dhisay aynay daganayeen magaala madaxdiisa [[Boorame]] mudo shan bilood ah xagaasna lagu soo magacaabay madaxwaynihii u horeeyay ee la doorto Alaha u naxariistee marxuum [[Maxamed Xaaji. Ibraahim Cigaal]]. 
Gobolka awdal waa gobol dhaqaalihiisu aad ugu tiirsanyahay xoolaha nool, Beeraha, dalxiiska iyo macdanta. Gobolkan waxa ka soo jeeda madaxwaynaha hayn jiray mudii 2003 ilaa 2010 xilka waqooyiga somalia ee [[Daahir Rayaale Kaahin]] oo ka soo jeeday gobolkaas awdal waana [[samaroon]]. 

Gobolkan waxaa magaala madaxdiisu ahaan jirtey magaalda [[Baki]], laakiin markii dambe waxaa lagu bedelay magaalada ugu weyn ee Boorama. Sidoo kale, dhaqaalihiisuna waxa uu ku tiirsanyahay ganacsiga iyo xoolaha nool. Magaalo madaxdiisii hore waxa ay ahaan jirtay oo ay ugaas yaashii ka telin jiray magaalada qadiimiga ee saylac oo aan ku koobnayn oo kaliya gobolka awdal ay u ahayd indhaha soomaaliyeed gaar ahaan ugaasyada Samaroon oo dhamaantood saylac lagucalemasaaray.

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [[Boorama]]
* [[Saldanadii Cadal]]
* [[Awdalland]]
==Tixraac==
[https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2023/May/191199/protests_turn_violent_in_borama_demonstrators_seek_justice_for_fallen_coast%C2%A0guard%C2%A0officer.aspx &quot;Mudaharaado Rabshado Isku Bedelay Oo Ka Dhacay Boorama: Bannaan-baxayaasha Oo Cadaalad U Doona Askari Ka Tirsanaa Ciidanka Ilaalada Xeebaha&quot;]

[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1785556 &quot;Xuduudka Somaliland iyo Itoobiya ee Biritishka&quot;, Joornaalka Juqraafi].

[https://books.google.com/books?id=yoMBQCr4LysC Dimuqraadiyad Xoolo dhaqato: Daraasad lagu sameeyay Xoolo-dhaqatada iyo Siyaasadda ka dhex jirta Soomaalida Waqooyi ee Geeska Afrika]

[https://www.unhcr.org/sites/default/files/legacy-pdf/3d5d0f3a4.pdf Bulshada xoolo-dhaqatada ah iyo qaxoontiga caalamiga ah: Dhaqdhaqaaqa dadweynaha ee Somaliland iyo bariga Itoobiya 1988 - 2000]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=Pos3wAofV4UC&amp;pg=PA278 &quot;Cutubka 9aad: Burburkii Dawladnimo iyo Dib u soo noolaynta Xeer-dhaqameedkii Waqooyiga Soomaaliya&quot;]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=z4AAAwAAQBAJ&amp;q=gadabuursi+awdal&amp;pg=PA296 Dhaqanka Burbursan: Dhaqanka, Sharciga iyo Shakhsiga ku sugan Badda Mediterranean-ka ee Muslimka].

[https://web.archive.org/web/20260407105709/http://asia-abdulkadir.de/docs/RendersTerlinden2010.pdf Wadaxaajoodka Dawladnimo: Dhaqdhaqaaqa Awoodda iyo Xukunka Afrika]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=Pos3wAofV4UC&amp;pg=PA278 &quot;Cutubka 9aad: Burburkii Dawladnimo iyo Dib u soo noolaynta Xeer-dhaqameedkii Waqooyiga Soomaaliya&quot;]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=WeuSqpJeoEoC&amp;q=Gadabuursi &quot;Xafiiska Horumarinta Qaramada Midoobay ee Soomaaliya: Daraasad ku saabsan Maamulka: Gobolka Awdal&quot;]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=DZJPm2j2iz4C&amp;pg=PA132 Waa Maxay Aragtida Horumarineed ee Soomaaliya?: Cilmiga u dhexeeya Is-casilaadda iyo Rajada? Dacwaddii Shirweynihii 6aad ee SSIA, Berlin 6-9 Diseembar 1996]

[https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/somalia-hundreds-flee-inter-clan-clashes-somaliland &quot;Soomaaliya: Boqollaal qof ayaa ka qaxay dagaal beeleedyada Somaliland&quot;]

[https://www.bbc.com/somali/war/2010/09/100913_gaboose &quot;Ciidan ka soo degay xeebta Awdal&quot;]

[https://www.hiiraan.com/op4/2014/dec/97350/somaliland_the_new_sick_man_of_the_horn_of_africa.aspx &quot;Somaliland: Ninka Cusub Ee Xanuunsan Geeska Afrika&quot;]

[https://www.araweelonews.com/warar/dhacdooyinka-suldaan-wabar-ee-awdal-iyo-xaalladda-gobolka-ee-sii-xumaanay-waxay-u-muuqdaan-dheg-xumo-xukuumadda-madaxweyne-siilaanyo-dugsanay/ Ee Gobolka Awdal Iyo Xaalladda Gobolka Ee Sii Xumaanay Waxay U Muuqdaan Dheg-xumo Madaxweyne Siilaanyo Dugsanaysay&quot;]

[https://somalilandsun.com/somaliland-vp-fires-awdal-regional-governor-after-governors-mansion-in-borame-is-sold/ &quot;Madaxweyne Ku Xigeenka Somaliland Oo Xilkii Ka Qaadey Badhasaabkii Gobolka Awdal Kadib Markii La Iibiyey Gurigii Badhasaabka Ee Boorame]

[https://somalilandsun.com/somalilandfinance-ministry-reveals-that-awdal-province-scoops-second-position-in-revenue-collection/ &quot;Wasaaradda Maaliyada Somaliland Oo Shaacisay In Gobolka Awdal Uu Kaalinta Labaad Ka Galay Dakhliga Ururinta&quot;]

[https://www.somaliland.com/news/somaliland/armed-rebels-in-western-somaliland-release-new-video/ &quot;Jabhada Hubaysan Ee Galbeedka Somaliland Oo Soo Bandhigay Muuqaal Cusub&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.somaliland.com/news/somaliland/armed-rebels-in-western-somaliland-release-new-video/ |date=20251030072818 }}

[https://horntribune.com/2020/08/19/awdal-region-demands-a-40-share-of-seats-in-parliaments-house-of-representatives/ &quot;Gobolka AWDAL Waxa Uu Dalbaday 40`% Saamiga Kuraasta Golaha Wakiilada&quot;]

[https://hiiraan.com/news4/2020/Aug/179719/protests_in_borama_after_clan_elder_denied_entry_into_awdal.aspx &quot;Mudaharaado Ka Dhacay Boorama Kadib Markii Oday Beeleed Loo Diiday In Ay Galaan Awdal&quot;]

[https://somalilandsun.com/somaliland-administrations-have-all-treated-residents-of-awdal-region-unfairly-vp-sayli/ &quot;Maamulada Somaliland Waxay Dhamaan Dadka Gobolka Awdal Si Xaqdaro Ah Ula Dhaqmeen- Madaxweyne Saylici&quot;]

[https://thesomalidigest.com/breaking-awdal-announced-it-is-breaking-away-from-somaliland/ &quot;DAAWO: Awdal Oo Ku Dhawaaqday Inay Ka Go'ayso Somaliland&quot;]

[https://www.caasimada.net/somaliland-oo-war-kasoo-saartay-dhaq-dhaqaaqa-awdal-state/ &lt;nowiki&gt;&quot; [Somaliland released news about the movement of Awdal State ].&lt;/nowiki&gt;]{{reflist}}
{{Magaaloyaasha iyo Tuulooyinka Gobolka Awdal}}
{{Degmooyinka Gobolka Awdal}}
{{Gobolada Soomaaliland}}

[[Category:Awdal]]
[[Category:Magaalooyinka Somaliland]]
[[Category:Gobolada Somaliland]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jabuuti</title>
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      <text bytes="97380" sha1="piuke0osqqe4fcvgy5lztl3xlzzp9io" xml:space="preserve">'''Jabuuti''' , si rasmi ah '''Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti''' ,  waa dal ku yaalla Geeska [[Afrika]] , waxa uu xad la wadaagaa [[Soomaaliya]]  dhanka koonfureed, Itoobiyana koonfur-galbeed, [[Eratareya|Eratariya]] oo woqooyi ah, iyo badda cas iyo gacanka cadmeed bari. Wadanku wuxuu leeyahay dhul dhan 23,200 km2 ( 8,958 sq mi).

{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name                = Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti
| native_name                = {{native name|ar|جمهورية جيبوتي}} 
{{native name|en|Republic of Djibouti
}}
| common_name                = Jabuuti
| image_flag                = Flag of Djibouti.svg
| image_coat                = Emblem of Djibouti.svg
| symbol_type                = Astaanta
| image_map                = Djibouti (orthographic projection).svg
| map_caption                = 
| image_map2                = 
| national_motto                = {{Native name|so|
Midnimo, Sinaan, }}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Native name|ar|اتحاد، مساواة، سلام|italics=off}}
| national_anthem                = ''[[Djibouti (anthem)|Djibouti]]''&lt;br /&gt;{{center|[[File:The Djiboutian anthem.ogg]]}}
| official_languages                = {{hlist |[[Faransiis|Faransiis]]|[[Carabi|Carabi]]}}
| national_languages                = {{hlist |[[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]|[[Afar luqadda|Afar]]}}&lt;ref name=CIA/&gt;
| languages = 
| ethnic_groups                = {{Unbulleted list|[[Soomaalida]] 60%|[[Afar people|Cafar]] 35%|Kuwa kale 5% (ugu horrayn [[Carab]])&lt;ref name=CIA/&gt;}}
| religion                = [[Sunni Islam]]
| demonym                = [[Jabuutiyaan]]
| capital                = [[Jabuuti (magaalo)|Jabuuti]]
| largest_city                = capital
| coordinates                = {{Coord|11|36|N|43|10|E|type:city_region:DJ}}
| government_type                = [[Jabuuti (magaalo)|Jamhuuriyad madaxtinimo oo midaysan oo ku hoos nool kalitalisnimo dhaxal gal ah]].
| leader_title1                = [[Liiska madaxda dawladaha Jabuuti|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_title2                = [[Liiska madaxda dawladda Jabuuti|Ra'iisul Wasaare]]
| leader_name1                = [[Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle]]
| leader_name2                = [[Cabduqaadir Kaamil Maxamed]]
| sovereignty_type                = [[Madaxbanaanida]]
| established_event1                = Ka [[Faransiis]]
| established_date1                = 27 Juun 1977
| legislature                = [[Golayaasha qaranka (Jabuuti)|Golayaasha qaranka]]
| area_rank                = 146aad &lt;!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --&gt;
| area_footnote                = &lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Djibouti |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |work=The World Factbook |publisher=CIA |accessdate=26 February 2013 |date=5 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702024855/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |archive-date=2 July 2014 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_km2                = 23,200&lt;ref name=CIA/&gt;
| area_sq_mi                = 8,958 &lt;!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--&gt;
| percent_water                = 0.09 (20&amp;nbsp;km² / 7.7&amp;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;sq mi)&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| population_estimate                = 1,066,809
| population_estimate_year                = 2024
| population_density_km2                = 46.0
| population_density_sq_mi                = 96.4 &lt;!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--&gt;
| population_density_rank                = 168aad
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}}$7.193&amp;nbsp;billion&lt;ref name=&quot;imf2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=611,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2020&amp;ey=2028&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1|title=&quot;Daabacaadda Muuqaalka Dhaqaalaha Adduunka, Oktoobar 2023 Edition. (Jabuuti)&quot;  }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year                = 2023
| GDP_PPP_per_capita                = {{increase}}$6,985&lt;ref name=&quot;imf2&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_nominal                = {{increase}}$3.873 &amp;nbsp;billion&lt;ref name=&quot;imf2&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year                = 2023
| GDP_nominal_per_capita                = {{increase}}$3,761&lt;ref name=&quot;imf2&quot;/&gt;
| Gini_year                = 2017
| Gini_change                = increase &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini                   = 41.6 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref name=&quot;cia-gini&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/ |title=Gini Index coefficient |publisher=CIA World Factbook |access-date=12 August 2021 |archive-date=17 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717071854/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank              = 
| HDI_year               = 2023 &lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change             = increase &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI                    = 0.513 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date= 6 May 2025 |title=Human Development Report 2023/2024|url= https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/specific-country-data#/countries/DJI|access-date=6 May 2025 |publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank                = 171aad
| currency                = [[Faran Jabuuti]]
| currency_code                = DJF
| country_code                =
| time_zone                = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset                = +3
| time_zone_DST                =
| utc_offset_DST                =
| drives_on                = Sax
| calling_code                = [[+253]]
| cctld                = [[.dj]]
| today                =
}}
Waagii hore, dhulku, oo ay weheliyaan Itoobiya, Ereteriya iyo Somaliland, waxa uu ka mid ahaa dhulkii Puntland . Saylac oo u dhow , hadda Somaliland, waxay ahayd xaruntii dhexe ee Adal iyo Ifat Sultanates. Dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19-aad waxa dhidibada loo taagay gumaystihii Faransiiska ee Somaliland ka dib markii salaadiinta Dir , Soomaali iyo Cafartu ay heshiisyo la saxeexdeen Faransiiska, iyo jidkii tareenka ee Diridhaba (iyo markii dambe Addis Ababa ) waxay u oggolaatay inay si degdeg ah uga gudubto Saylac oo ah dekedda koonfurta Itoobiya iyo Ogaadeenya .  Waxa loo beddelay dhulkii Faransiiska ee Canfarta iyo Issa 1967. Toban sano ka dib, dadka Jabuuti waxay u codeeyeen madaxbannaani . Taas oo si rasmi ah u astaysay dhidibada loo taagay Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti oo loogu magac daray caasimaddeeda . Gobolka cusub wuxuu ku biiray Qaramada Midoobay sanadkii ugu horreeyay.  Horraantii 1990-meeyadii, xiisado ka dhashay matalaadda dowladda ayaa horseeday iskahorimaad hubeysan , kaasoo ku dhammaaday heshiis awood-qeybsi ah 2000 oo dhexmaray xisbiga talada haya iyo mucaaradka. 
Jabuuti waa wadan qawmiyad badan leh oo ay ku nool yihiin 1,066,809 tirakoobkii la qabtay 20kii May 2024  ( ka ugu yar dhul weynaha Afrika). Faransiiska iyo Carabiga waa labada luqadood ee rasmiga ah; Canfarta iyo Soomaaliga waa afaf qaran. Qiyaastii 94% dadka reer Jabuuti waxay u hoggaansamaan diinta Islaamka , oo ah diinta rasmiga ah waxayna ku badan tahay gobolka in ka badan 1,000 sano. Soomaalida iyo Canfarta ayaa ka kooban labada qoomiyadood ee ugu tirada badan, iyadoo kuwii hore ay ka kooban yihiin dadka ugu badan. Labaduba waxay ku hadlaan luqadda laanta Kushitigga ee afafka Afroasiatic .
Jabuuti waxay ku dhowdahay qaar ka mid ah marinnada maraakiibta ugu mashquulka badan adduunka, kuwaas oo koontaroolaya marinka badda cas iyo badweynta Hindiya . Waxay u adeegtaa sidii xarun muhiim u ah shidaalka iyo wareejinta iyo dekedda ugu muhiimsan ee badda ee laga soo dejiyo lagana dhoofiyo dalka deriska ah ee Itoobiya . Xarun ganacsi oo kobcaysa, qaranku waa goobta ay ku yaalaan saldhigyo kala duwan oo ciidamada shisheeye. Urur goboleedka IGAD ayaa sidoo kale xaruntiisa ku leh magaalada Jabuuti.

==Asalka erayga==
Dalka Jabuuti waxaa si rasmi ah loogu yaqaanaa Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti . Luuqadaha baabuurta ah waxa loo yaqaan Gabuuti ( Af -cafar ah ) iyo Jabuuti ( Af-Soomaali ). 
Dalka waxa loogu magac daray caasimaddiisa, magaalada Jabuuti .  Etymology-ga magaca ayaa lagu muransan yahay.  Waxaa jira aragtiyo iyo halyeyyo dhowr ah oo ku saabsan asalkeeda, kuwaas oo ku kala duwan ujeedaha.  Hal aragti ayaa ka soo jeedda ereyga Canfarta ee gabouti , oo macneheedu yahay &quot;taabbad&quot;, oo laga yaabo in ay calaamadso calaamadaha juqraafi ee aagga.  Mid kale wuxuu ku xiraa gabood , oo macneheedu yahay &quot;korro/plateau&quot;.  Jabuuti sidoo kale waxay noqon kartaa &quot;Dhulka Tehuti&quot; ama &quot;Dhulka Thoth ( Masar : Djehuti / Djehuty ) &quot;, ka dib ilaaha dayaxa Masar . 
Maamulka Faransiiska, laga bilaabo 1862 ilaa 1894, dhulka waqooyiga Gacanka Tadjoura waxaa loo yaqaan &quot; Obock &quot;.  Intii u taariikhday 1897 ilaa 1967 dhulkaas waxa loo yaqaan French Somaliland (Faransiiska: Côte française des Somali ), iyo 1967 ilaa 1977 oo loo yaqaanay dhulkii Faransiiska ee Canfarta iyo Issas (Faransiiska: Territoire français des Afars et des Issas ).

==Taariikhda==
===Taariikhda ka hor===
[[File:Pottery of Asa Koma.JPG|thumb|Dheriga naqshadaynta joomatari ee laga helay Asa Koma]]
Gobolka Bab -el-Mandeb ayaa inta badan loo tixgaliyay inay tahay meesha ugu horeysa ee ay ka taagan tahay homininka ka dib marin xeebeedka ee Bariga Afrika ilaa Koonfur iyo Koonfur Bari Aasiya 
Aagga Jabuuti waxa la degganaa ilaa Neolithic .  Sida laga soo furo khubarada luqadaha, dadkii ugu horreeyay ee ku hadla Afafka ayaa yimid gobolka muddan oo ka yimid qoyska urheimat ee la soo jeediyay (&quot;Dhulkii asalka ahaa&quot;) ee dooxada Niil , ama Bariga dhow .  Culumo kale waxay soo jeedinayaan in qoyska Afroasiatic ay ku horumareen goobta Geeska, iyada oo ku hadashadeedu ay markaa ka dib kala firdhiyeen meesha. 
Dhagxaan la jarjaray oo ku taariikhaysan ilaa 3 milyan oo sano ayaa laga soo ururiyay goobta harada Abbe .  Banaanka Gobaad ( inta u adeega Dikhil iyo harada Abbe), hadhaaga maroodigii dabar go'ay ee Palaeoloxodon recki ayaa sidoo kale laga helay, oo si muuqata loo gowracay iyadoo la isticmaalayo qalab basalt ah oo agtiisa laga helay.  Hadhaagani waxa ay ahayd 1.4 milyan sano BC.  Ka dib, goobo kale oo la mid ah ayaa loo aqoonsaday inay u badan tahay shaqada Homo ergaster .  Goob Acheulean ah (laga soo bilaabo 800,000 ilaa 400,000 sano BCE), halkaas oo dhagax lagu jaray, ayaa laga soo saaray 1990-meeyadii, Gombourta, oo u qabanay Damerdjog iyo Loyada , oo 15 km koonfur ka xigta magaalada Jabuuti .  Ugu doontii, Gobaad, waxa laga helay daanka Homo erectus , kaas oo soo gaadhay 100,000 BC.  Jasiiradda Devil’s , waxaa la helay qalab la xiriiriyay 6,000 oo sano, kuwaas oo loo xiray in lagu furo furoda.  Aagga gunta hoose ee Goubet (Dankalélo, oo aan ka fogayn Jasiiradda Devil), waxaa sidoo kale laga helay dhismayaal dhagax ah oo wareeg ah iyo jajabyo dhoobo rinji ah.  Baarayaal hore ayaa sidoo kale kale ka hooyada maxilla jajaban, oo loo aaneynayo qaab duug ah oo Homo sapiens ah oo ku taariikhaysan c.  250 Ka, oo ka dooxada Dagadlé Wadi
[[File:Prehistoric of Djibouti.png|thumb|Farshaxanadii hore ee fanka iyo qabuuraha Djibouti]]
Dheriga ka hor bartamihii kun-sanaadkii 2aad ayaa laga helay Asa Koma , oo ah meel haro gudaha ah oo ku taal bannaanka Gobaad. Alaabta goobta waxaa lagu gartaa naqshado joomatari oo la jeexay, kuwaas oo la mid ah wajigii dhaqanka Sabir ee 1 ceramics ee Malayba ee Koonfurta Carabta . Lafo lo'da oo aan gees-dheer lahayn ayaa sidoo kale laga helay Asa Koma, taas oo soo jeedinaysa in lo'da guri-guriyeedka ay joogeen qiyaastii 3,500 oo sano ka hor. Farshaxan dhagax ah oo u muuqda inay yihiin kuleylo iyo geri ayaa sidoo kale laga helaa Dorra iyo Balho . Handoga , oo ku taariikhaysan kun-sanadii afraad ee BCE, ayaa iyaduna soo saartay obsidian microliths iyo ceramics cad oo ay isticmaali jireen xoolo-dhaqato hore oo reer guuraa ah oo wata lo'da. 
Goobta Wakrita waa dhisme yar oo Neolithic ah oo ku taal wadii ku taal diiqada tectonic ee Gobacad ee Jabuuti ee Geeska Afrika . Qodista 2004tii waxa ay soo saartay dhoobo aad u fara badan taas oo noo suurta galisay in aan qeexno mid ka mid ah xarumaha dhaqanka Neolithic ee gobolkan , kaas oo sidoo kale lagu aqoonsaday goobta u dhow ee Asa Koma . Haraaga xayawaanku waxay xaqiijinayaan muhiimadda kalluumeysiga ee degsiimooyinka Neolithic ee u dhow harada Abbé , laakiin sidoo kale muhiimadda xannaanada lo'da iyo, markii ugu horreysay ee aaggan, caddaynta dhaqamada xoolo-dhaqashada caprine. Shukaansiga Radiocarbon wuxuu dhigayaa shaqadan bilawgii qarnigii 2aad ee BCE, oo la mid ah inta u dhaxaysa Asa Koma. Labadan goobood waxay ka dhigan yihiin caddaynta ugu da'da weyn ee dhaq-dhaqaaqa gobolka, waxayna bixiyaan faham wanaagsan oo ku saabsan horumarinta bulshooyinka Neolithic ee gobolkan. 
Ilaa 4000 sano BCE, gobolku wuxuu ka faa'iiday cimilo aad uga duwan kan maanta uu yaqaan oo laga yaabo inuu u dhow yahay cimilada Mediterranean-ka . Khayraadka biyuhu aad bay u badnaayeen iyagoo leh harooyin ku yaal Gobacad, harooyinka Assal iyo Abbé oo waaweyn oo u eg biyo dhab ah. Sidaa darteed dadku waxay ku noolaayeen ururinta, kalluumaysiga iyo ugaarsiga. Gobolka waxaa ku noolaa xayawaan aad u qani ah oo kala ah: dhogorta , gisi , maroodi , wiyisha , iwm, sida uu daliil u yahay, tusaale ahaan, xayawaanka ugu quruxda badan ee sawirada godka Balho . Millenniyadii 3aad iyo 2aad ee BC, dad yar oo reer guuraa ah ayaa degay hareeraha harooyinka waxayna ku dhaqmi jireen kalluumeysiga iyo taranta lo'da. Aaska haweeney 18-sano jir ah, laga bilaabo mudadaas, iyo sidoo kale lafaha xoolaha la ugaarsado, qalab lafaha iyo dahab yar yar ayaa la soo saaray. Ilaa 1500 BCE, cimiladu waxay durba bilowday inay is beddesho, iyadoo ilaha biyaha macaan ay noqdeen kuwo aad u yar. Sawir-gacmeedku wuxuu muujinayaa dhogorta (xoolaha aagagga oomanaha ah), kuwaas oo qaarkood ay fuulaan dagaalyahanno hubaysan. Dadkii fadhiidka ahaa ayaa hadda ku soo noqday noloshii miyiga. Tuuli dhagax ah oo noocyo kala duwan leh iyo qabuuro gabbaad ah oo laga soo bilaabo muddadan ayaa laga soo saaray dhulka oo dhan
===Qadiimiga===
Socdaalkii hore ee Masaarida ee ugu horeyay ee la diiwaan galiyay ee Puntin waxaa soo abaabulay Fircoon Saxure oo ka tirsanaa boqortooyadii shanaad (qarnigii 25aad BC), isagoo la soo noqday shixnad antyue iyo Puntites ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dahab ka soo jeeda Punt waxa loo diiwaan galiyay in uu Masar joogay horraantii wakhtigii Fircoon Khufu ee Boqortooyadii Afraad . 
Intaa ka dib, waxa jiray socdaalo badan oo loo galay Puntidii lixaad , kow iyo tobnaad , laba iyo tobnaad iyo siddeed iyo tobnaad ee boqortooyadii Masar. Boqortooyadii laba iyo tobnaad, ganacsigii lala lahaa Punt waxa loogu dabaal dagay suugaan caan ah oo ku jirta Sheekadii Badmaaxyadii Doontii burburtay
[[File:Three Puntites.jpg|thumb|Hatshepsut Punt Relief oo muujinaysa saddex nin oo ku labisan dharka Puntite oo sita hadiyado]]
Boqortooyadii Mentuhotep III (diilkii 11aad, ca. 2000 BC), sarkaal la odhan jiray Hannu waxa uu abaabulay hal ama in ka badan safaro uu ku tagay Punt, laakiin lama hubo in uu shakhsi ahaan u safray safaradan.  Hawlgallada ganacsi ee boqortooyadii 12aad ee faraaciintii Senusret I , Amenemhat II iyo Amenemhat IV ayaa sidoo kale si guul leh ugu soo wareegay kana soo socdaalay dhulka dahsoon ee Punt. 
Boqortooyadii siddeed iyo tobnaad ee Masar , Hatshepsut waxa ay dhistay maraakiib badda cas si ay u fududayso ganacsiga u dhexeeya madaxa Gacanka Aqaba iyo meelaha koonfureed ilaa Punt si uu u keeno alaabta meydadka ee Karnak si uu ugu beddelo dahabka Nubian. Hatshepsut shakhsi ahaan waxa uu sameeyay socdaalkii ugu caansanaa ee Masaaridii hore ee u dhoofay Punt. Fanaaniinteeda ayaa muujinaya wax badan oo ku saabsan qoyska boqortooyada, dadka deggan, deegaanka iyo geedaha kala duwan ee jasiiradda, iyagoo muujinaya sida &quot;Land of Gods, oo ah gobol ka fog bari ee jihada qorrax-soo-baxa, oo barakeeyey alaabooyinka ujeeddooyin diimeed&quot;, halkaas oo ganacsatadu ay ku soo noqdeen dahab, fool maroodi, ebony , fooxa , resins caraf udgoon, haragga xayawaanka, xayawaanka nool ee qorraxdu udgoon tahay. Xilligii boqoradda Hatshepsut ee qarnigii 15aad ee BC, maraakiibtu waxay si joogto ah uga gudbeen Badda Cas si ay u helaan bitumen , naxaas, maro xardhan, naptha iyo alaabo kale oo loo daabulo dhulka iyo hoos Badda Dhimatay ilaa Elat oo ku taal madaxa gacanka Aqaba halkaas oo ay ku biireen fooxa iyo socodka ganacsiga ee buuraha ee soo socda iyo marinka woqooyiga ee socdaalkayga iyo socodka ganacsiga ee waqooyiga. woqooyi oo ku teedsan xeebta bari ee Badda Cas.  Iyada oo ay weheliso waqooyiga Itoobiya, Somaliland, Ereteriya iyo xeebta Badda Cas ee Suudaan, Jabuuti waxaa loo arkaa meesha ugu macquulsan ee dhulkii ay Masriyiintii hore u yaqaaniin Punt (ama Ta Netjeru , oo macnaheedu yahay &quot;Dhulkii Ilaah&quot;). Markii ugu horreysay ee la sheego dhulkii Puntland waxay taariikhdu ahayd qarnigii 25aad ee BC. Puntites waxay ahaayeen ummad dad ah oo xidhiidh dhow la lahaa Masar hore xilligii boqortooyadii 5aad ee Fircoon Saxure iyo boqoraddii 18aad ee boqoradda Hatshepsut . Sida laga soo xigtay muraayadaha macbadka ee Deir el-Bahari , Dhulka Punt waxaa xukumayay Boqor Parahu iyo Boqorad Ati.
===Hordhaca Islaamka iyo qarniyadii dhexe===
Reer Adal (sidoo kale Awdal , Cadl , ama Adel ) waxay xaruntoodu ahayd Saylac oo caasimaddeeda ah.  Waxaa dhidibbada u taagay qabaa'ilka Soomaalida ee degaankaas horaantii qarnigii 9aad. Saylac waxa ay soo jiidatay ganacsatadii adduunka oo dhan, iyaga oo ka qayb qaatay hantida magaalada. Saylac waa magaalo qadiimi ah waxayna ka mid ahayd magaalooyinkii ugu horeeyay ee soo islaamay , wax yar ka dib hijriga . Masjidka al-Qiblatayn ee Saylac laba- mihraab waxa uu jiray qarnigii 7aad, waana masaajidka ugu da'da weyn.  Dhamaadkii qarnigii 9aad, Al-Yaqubi , oo ahaa caalim Muslim ah oo Carab ah oo safar ah, wuxuu qoray in Boqortooyada Adal ay ahayd boqortooyo yar oo qani ah, Saylacna waxay u adeegi jirtay xarunta boqortooyada, taas oo soo taxnayd bilowgii qarniga.
[[File:YagbeaSionBattlingAdaSultan.JPG|thumb|Suldaanka Adal (midig) iyo ciidamadiisa dagaalka kula jira King Yagbea-Sion iyo raggiisa oo lagu sawiray Livre Des Merveilles]]
Tixraacii ugu horeeyey ee Adal waxa ay ahayd ka dib burburkii boqortooyadii Makhzumi July 1288 markaas oo Cali Baziyu uu hogaaminayey olole ka dhacay Adal iyo Mora kaas oo lagu soo gebagebeeyey dilkii salaadiinta Adal iyo Mora , Suldaankii guulaystey ka dib waxa uu Adal iyo Mora ku daray Boqortooyadii. Adal waxa kale oo uu ku sheegay Marco Polo 1295 in ay tahay dawlad si joogto ah ula dagaalantay Abyssinia.  Sida laga soo xigtay taariikhyahan Carbeed qarnigii afar iyo tobnaad Al Umari , Adal wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah gobollada aasaasay Ifat Sultanate oo ay weheliso Biqulzar , Shewa , Kwelgora , Shimi, Jamme iyo Laboo. Waxa loo adeegsaday si mugdi ah waagii dhexe ee dhexe si loo tilmaamo Muslimiinta degan dhulka hoose ee bari ee Boqortooyada Xabashida . Oo ay ku jiraan woqooyiga wabiga Awash ee ku wajahan harada Abbe ee xuduudka casriga ah ee Jabuuti iyo Itoobiya iyo sidoo kale dhulka u dhexeeya Shewa iyo Saylac ee xeebta Soomaaliya . Degmooyinka Adal waxa ka mid ahaa Hubat , Gidaaya iyo Hargaya .  Waxa kale oo ay mararka qaarkood ku jirtay Suldaanka Hadiya . Gobolku waxa uu ahaa inta badan gobolka Awdal wakhtigan xaadirka ah waxana uu caasimadda u ahaa Saylac laakiin waxa kale oo uu maamuli jiray magaalooyinka kale ee gudaha sida Cabasa ama Dakkar oo ku fidsan dhulka Harar ilaa koonfur-bari iyo maanta Jabuuti oo galbeed ah.
[&gt;File:The Sultanate of Ifat.png|thumb|Boqortooyadii Ifat Sultanate qarnigii 14aad]]
Boqortooyadii Walashma waxa ay culimadu ku tixgaliyaan in ay kuwii la aasaasay Saldanadii Ifat.  Ifat markii ugu horeyay waxay soo baxday markii Umar Ibn Dunyā-Hawaz, oo markii dambe loo yaqaanay Sultan Umar Walasma , uu sameeyay boqortooyadiisa oo uu qabsaday Suldaanka Shewa ee ku yaala waqooyiga Hararghe .   Boqorka 128 Suldaan Wali Asma waxa uu keenay inuu xukunkiisa ku soo rogo Hubat , Saylac iyo dawlado kale oo Muslim ah oo gobolka ka tirsan.  Taddesse Tamrat waxa uu ku macneeyay ficilada millitari ee Sultan Walashma in uu yahay dadaal uu ku hayo dhulka Muslimiinta ee Geeska Afrika si la mid ah sidii Imperor Yekuno Amlak uu isku day in uu isku day dhulalka Kiristanka ee buuuraleyda sare islaas. 
calanka 1320-kii waxaa billowday khilaaf u dhexeeya boqorka Kiristaanka iyo sawiradii Ifat ee Muslimiinta.  Colaadda waxaa soo dajiyay Al-Naasir Muxamed oo Masar ahaa .  Hogaamiyihii Mamluk Al-Naasir Muxammad waxa uu silcinayay Copts Masiixiyiinta Masiixiyiinta ah ee burburinayay shaqada Coptic.  Amda Seyon 1aad ee Itoobiya ayaa ergey u soo diray digniin uu u diray Mamluuqa oo uu ku sheegay in haddii uu joojin waayo dhibka lagu hayo Masiixiyiinta Masar uu ka aargoosan doono Muslimiinta ku hoos nool xukunkiisa, dadka Masarna uu gaajo u gaajoon doono isagoo u weecinaya marinka webiga Niil.  Sida laga soo jiida Pankhurst, oo ka mid ah labada hanjabaad, leexinta Niil waxay ahayd hanjabaad aan shaqaynayn, Suldaanka Masarna wuu diiday sababtii ay u badan tahay inuu ogaaday in tani ay sidaas tahay.  Cabsida laga qabo in Xabashidu ay fara geliso webiga Niil, ayuu yiri Pankhurst, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay ahayd inay la sii wadaagto Masaarida qarniyo badan. 
Kacdoonkii Sabr ad-Diin ma ahayn isku day lagu doonayey in lagu gaadho madax-banaani, balse waxa ay ahayd in uu boqor ka noqdo Itoobiya Muslim ah.  Taariikhda Taariikhda Amda Seyon ayaa sheegtay in Sabr ad-Din uu ku dhawaaqay:
Waxaan jeclaan lahaa inaan boqor u noqdo Itoobiya oo dhan, annagu dadka Masiixiyiinta sida sharcigooda ah, jawaabahooda waan dumin doona... waxaan u muujin doonaa hoggaamiye Itoobiya oo dhan, si la mid ah boqorka Siyoon (Itoobiya) ... 
Dhab, ka dib duulaankiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay, Sabr ad-Din wuxuu magacaabay maamulayaasha u dhow iyo kuwa muhim ah sida Fatagar iyo Alamalé, iyo sidoo kale fog fog ee waqooyiga sida Damot , Amxaarada , Angot , Inderta , Begemder , iyo Gojjam .  Waxa kale oo uu ku hanjabay in uu qaadka ku beerayo caasimadda, oo ah maaddo kiciya oo ay isticmaalayeen Muslimiintu balse ay mamnuuc ka tahay Masiixiyiinta Itoobiya ee Ortodokska .
Sanadkii 1376, Sultan Sacad Ad-Diin Abdul Muhammad , oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Sacad Ad-Diin II, ayaa xilka kala wareegay, markii yimid, kaas oo sii waday inuu weeraro Masiixiyiinta ee Xabashida.  Wuxuu weeraray madaxdii gobolka sida Zalan iyo Hadeeya, kuwaas oo taageersanaa Imbaraadoorka.  Sida laga soo jiida Mordechai Abir, Sacad Ad-Diin II duullaanka ka dhanka ah Imbaraadooriyadda Xabashidu waxa ay u badnaayeen kuwa ku dhufo oo ka dhaqaaq ah, taas oo xoojisay go'aankii akhriska Kiristaanka ee ahaa in uu soo afjaro xukunka Muslimiinta ee barigooda.   Horraantii dagaalka 15aad, Imbaraadoorkii Xabashida oo ay u badan tahay Dawit I wuxuu ururiyay ciidan badan si uu uga jawaabo.   Wuxuu ku tilmaamay Muslimiinta deegaanka ku xeeran “Cadawga Rabbi”, marka lagu duulo Ifat.  Dagaal dheer ka dib, booska Ifat waxa lagu jebiyay 1403dii oo ku taal dhulka Harar, Suldaan Sacad Cadidiin wuxuu u dejiyey Saylac halkaas oo ay Itoobiya ka daba tagtay.  Al-Maqrizi wuxuu wariyay:
Amxaaradu waxay ka daba-tageen Sacadul-diin ilaa gacanka Saylac , ee badweynta, halkaas oo uu gabaad ka dhigay .  Amxaaradu meesha bay ku go’doomisay, oo biyo ka diiday;  Ugu balatii mid ka mid ah kuwii faasiqiinta ahaa wuxuu tusay jid ay ku gaadhaan.  Markii ay u soo galeen dagaal baa dhacay;  oo maalinta ka dib biyihii ayaa gabay.  Sacad Al Diin waxa uu labadii ka soo gaadhay foolka, dhulkana uu ku dhacay,may seefihii kaga mudeen.  farxad buu ku dhintay, isagoo dariiqii Eebbe ku dhacay.
[[File:Adalite Population.png|thumb|Sawirka dharka dhaqameed ee Adal ee ay xidhaan dadka deegaanka ee Giuseppe Antonelli]]
Geeridii Sacad Cad-Diin ka dib “xoogga Muslimiinta waa la dhimay”, sida uu sheegay Maqrizi, ka dibna Amxaaradu waxay degtay waddanka “iyo masaajidda la burburiyey oo kaniisado ka samaystay”. Dadka Islaamka ah ayaa la sheegay in la dhibaataynayey in ka badan labaatan sano. Ilaha ayaa isku khilaafay cidda Imbaraadoorka Itoobiya uu ololahan sameeyay. Sida uu qabo taariikhyahankii dhexe ee al-Makrizi , Imperial Dawit I 1403 waxa uu daba galay Suldaankii Cadal , Sacad Ad-Diin II , ilaa Saylac , halkaas oo uu ku dilay suldaan , magaalada Saylacna uu ka saaray . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilo kale oo casri ah ayaa taariikhiya dhimashadii Sacad ad-Diin II ilaa 1410, waxayna ku tixgalinayaan dilka Emperor Yeshaq . Carruurtiisii ​​iyo intii ka hadhay boqortooyadii Walashma waxay u qaxi jireen Yaman halkaas oo ay ku noolaan lahaayeen musaafuris ilaa 1415. 
Sannadkii 1415, Sabr ad-Din III , oo ahaa curadka Sacad Ad-Diin II , ayaa ku soo noqon doona Adal oo uu ka soo musaafurinayay Carabta si uu u soo celiyo carshigii aabbihiis.  Wuxuu ku dhawaaqi jiray inuu yahay &quot;boqorka Cadal&quot; ka dib markuu Yaman ka soo laabtay oo uu ka soo noqday dhulka Harar oo uu caasimaddiisa cusub ka dhisay Dakkar . Sabr ad-Din III iyo walaalihiis waxay jebin doonaan ciidan gaaraya 20,000 oo nin oo uu hogaaminayo taliye aan la magacaabin oo rajeynaya inuu soo celiyo &quot;xukunkii Amxaarada ee lumay&quot;. Boqorkii guulaysta ayaa markaas ku laabtay caasimadiisii, laakiin wuxuu amar ku siiyay xertiisii ​​badnaa inay sii wadaan oo ay kordhiyaan dagaalka ka dhanka ah Masiixiyiinta. Boqorkii Itoobiya Tewodros 1 -aad markiiba waxaa dilay Boqortooyadii Adal Sultanate markii uu soo noqday dhaxal-sugaha Sacad Ad-Diin ee Geeska Afrika. Sabr ad-Din III wuxuu dhintay geeri dabiici ah, waxaana xilka kala wareegay walaalkiis Mansur Ad-Diin oo ku duulay caasimadii iyo fadhigii boqortooyadii Sulaymaan wuxuuna u kaxaystay Imbaraadoor Dawit I ilaa Yedaya halkaas oo sida uu sheegay al-Maqrizi , Suldaan Mansur uu burburiyay ciidan Sulaymaan ah oo uu dilay Boqorkii. Dabadeed waxa uu u sii gudbay buuralayda Mokha, halkaas oo uu kula kulmay 30,000 oo ciidan xoog leh oo Sulaymaan ah. Askartii Cadalaad waxay hareereeyeen cadawgoodii, waxayna muddo laba bilood ah hareereeyeen ciidamadii Sulaymaan ee go’doomiyey ilaa laga gaaray heshiis nabadeed oo uu Mansur raalli ka yahay. Muddadaas, Adal waxa ay u soo baxday sidii xarun muslimiintu iskaga caabin lahaayeen boqortooyadii Xabashida ee Kiristaanka ahayd. Adal intaas ka dib ayaa maamuli doonta dhammaan dhulkii ay hore u xukumi jirtay Ifat Sultanate, iyo sidoo kale dhulka bari ka sii xiga Bab el Mandeb ilaa Cape Guardafui, sida uu qabo Leo Africanus. Adal waxa magac ahaan lagu sheegay qarnigii 14aad marka laga hadlayo dagaaladii dhex maray Muslimiinta Soomaalida iyo Canfarta iyo ciidamadii Kiristaanka ee Boqorka Xabashida Amda Seyon I.  Adal waxay markii hore caasimad u ahayd magaalada Saylac, oo ku taal galbeedka gobolka Awdal. Siyaasaddu waagaas waxay ahayd imaarad ka tirsanayd saldanadii weynayd ee Ifat ee uu xukumi jirayBoqortooyadii Walashma 
[[File:Young Ahmad Gragn.png|thumb|Tusaale wiilkii yaraa ee Axmad ibnu Ibraahiim oo muujinaya awoodiisa]]
Sida uu qabo IM Lewis, siyaasadda waxaa maamuli jiray boqortooyo maxalli ah oo ka kooban Carab Soomaali ah ama Soomaali la Carabeeyey, kuwaas oo sidoo kale ka talin jiray Saldanada la mid ah ee Muqdisho laga dhisay ee gobolka Banaadir ee dhanka koonfureed. Taariikhda Adal laga soo bilaabo wakhtigan la aasaasay waxa lagu tilmaami karaa dagaalo isdaba joog ah oo lala galay dalka ay jaarka yihiin ee Abyssinia .  Boqortooyadii Adal markii ay sare u kacday waxa ay gacanta ku haysay qaybo badan oo ka mid ah Jabuuti, Somaliland , Ereteriya iyo Itoobiya. Inta u dhaxaysa magaalada Jabuuti iyo Loyada waxaa ku yaal tiro ka mid ah sawir-maskaxeed iyo faneed . Dhismayaashu waxay la xidhiidhaan qabuuro qaab leydi ah oo ay ku dheggan yihiin saqafyo toosan, sida sidoo kale laga helay Tiya , bartamaha Itoobiya . Jibuuti-Looyada steeladu waa kuwo aan la hubin da'dooda, qaarkoodna waxaa lagu qurxiyey calaamad T-qaabaysan.  Intaa waxaa dheer, qodista qadiimiga ah ee Tiya waxay keentay qabuuro. Laga bilaabo 1997, 118 stelae ayaa laga soo sheegay aagga. Iyada oo ay weheliso dhagaxyada Aagga Hadiya , dhismayaasha waxa ay dadka deegaanka u aqoonsan yihiin Yegragn Dingay ama &quot;dhagaxa Gran&quot;, iyaga oo tixraacaya Imam Axmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (Ahmad &quot;Gurey&quot; ama &quot;Gran&quot;), oo ah taliyaha Adal Sultanate . 
Imaam Axmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi waxa uu ahaa hogaamiyihii milatariga ee dawladii dhexe ee Adal Sultanate ee waqooyiga Geeska Afrika. Intii u dhaxaysay 1529 iyo 1543, waxa uu bilaabay olole loogu magac daray Futuh Al-xabash , isaga oo keenaya in afar meelood saddex meel oo Xabashida Kiristaanka ahi ay hoos yimaadaan maamulkii boqortooyadii Muslimiinta .  Iyagoo wata ciidan ka kooban Afar, Harari (Harla), iyo Soomaali,  ciidamadii al-Ghazi waxay u soo dhawaadeen inay damiyaan boqortooyadii hore ee Xabashida, iyagoo gawracay qof kasta oo Ethiopian ah oo diida inuu islaamo.  Muddo afar iyo toban sano gudahood Imaamku waxa u suurtagashay in uu ku qabsado dhulka xudunta u ah dalka, isaga oo hagardaamo ku haya qaranka Kiristaanka.  Bahri Negash waxay ku biirtay Emperor Gelawdewos iyo Bortuqiisku dagaalkii muhiimka ahaa ee Wayna Daga , halkaas oo dhaqanku sheegayo in Imam Axmad uu xabadka xabadka kaga dhuftay musketer Portuguese ah oo la odhan jiray João de Castilho, kaas oo keligiis dacwad ku soo oogay Muslimiinta oo dhintay. Imaamka dhaawaca ah ayaa ka dib waxaa qoorta ka gooyay taliyihii ciidamada fardooleyda Itoobiya oo lagu magacaabo Azmach Calite.  Markii ay askartii Imaamku ogaadeen dhimashadiisa ayay ka carareen goobtii dagaalka.  Colaaddan ayaa fursad u siisay dadka Oromada ah inay qabsadaan oo u guuraan dhulka taariikhiga ah ee Gafat ee Welega ee koonfurta wabiga Niilka Buluuga ah iyo dhanka bari ilaa gidaarada Harar iyagoo ka samaystay dhul cusub.
===Casriga hore===
Sannadkii 1550kii, Nuur bin Mujaahid waxa uu noqday Amiirkii Harar , isla markaana ahaa taliyihii Adal, isagoo Harar u dhisay darbi difaac ah oo ilaa maanta taagan.  1559-kii, wuxuu hogaaminayay duulaan ka dhan ah Boqortooyadii Xabashida , wuxuuna dilay Imbaraadoor Gelawdewos dagaalkii Fatagar , isagoo isla mar ahaantaana iska caabiyay duulaankii Xabashidu ku soo qaaday Harar, taasoo sababtay dhimashada Sultan Barakat bin Umar Din iyo dhamaadka boqortooyadii Walashma . Oromadu dabadeed waxay ku duuleen Adal, ciidankii Nuur ayaa jabiyay dagaalkii Hazalo , inkastoo darbiyada magaaladu ay badbaadiyeen, inkasta oo ay xaalad abaareed aad u daran ku jirtay .  Nuur wuxuu dhintay 1567, waxaana xilka kala wareegay Cuthman oo Xabashi ah , oo heshiiskii nabadeed ee uu la galay Oromada horseeday in xukunka laga tuuro.  Dhaxalsuge Maxamed ibn Naasir , wuxuu isku dayay duullaan ka dhan ah Itoobiya, waase lagu jebiyay laguna dilay dagaalkii webi , taasoo calaamad u ahayd soo afjaridda gardaradii Adal. Dhaxal sugaha Muxammad , Mansur ibn Muxamed , waxa uu la dagaalamay Oromada guul darradu ka soo baxday, ka dibna waxa uu qabsaday Awsa iyo Saylac . Dhimashadii Nuur iyo dhicistii boqorradii Walashma ayaa ka dhashay loolan dhanka awoodda ah, iyadoo Muxammad Gasa uu qaatay magaca Imaam sannadkii 1576-kii, wuxuuna caasimadda u soo raray Aussa , isagoo aasaasay imaamkii Aussa , kaasoo hoos u dhacay qarnigi xigay, aakhirkiina u gacan galay dadka Canfarta . Qarnigii toddoba iyo tobnaad, dadka Harla iyo dadka Dooba waxay ku biireen aqoonsiga Canfarta , taasoo keentay soo ifbaxa Saldanada Aussa . Enrico Cerulli waxa uu burburka Adal u sababeeyay in ay ka gudbi kari wayday kala qaybsanaantii qabaa’ilka, si ka duwan sidii Imbaraadooriyadda Xabashida ee Sarsa Dengel , taas oo keentay in uu dagaal joogto ah ka dhexeeyo qabaa’ilka reer guuraaga ah. Burburkii Saldanadii Adal waxa ay horseedday in lasameeyo dawlado badan sida Aussa , Tadjourah iyo Rahayto.
[[File:Einwohner Von Abex.webp|thumb |Qof deggan Xabeesh Eyalet oo uu qoray Georg Adam Dillinger (1773)]]
Mamluk Masar oo ay qabsadeen Cusmaaniyiintu waxay cabsi galisay ganacsatadii Carbeed , kuwaas oo ka baqay guumaystayaashan cusub ee Turkiga, sidaa awgeed waxay doorteen inay u safraan dhanka xeebaha Cadal.  Taas waxaa sidoo kale raacay ganacsato Hindi ah oo ka cararay isla cadowga.  Cusmaaniyiintii markay arkeen dhaq-dhaqaaqa ballaaran ee degdega ah, waxay si degdeg ah u qabsadeen Saylac waxayna sameeyeen guri kastam iyo galley ilaalinaya Bab-el-Mandeb .  Qarnigii 17-aad markii Cusmaaniyiinta lagu qasbay inay ka fariistaan ​​Saylac, magaalada iyo nawaaxigeeda sida Tadjuura waxay gacanta ku dhigeen saldanada Mocha iyo Sanca , kuwaas oo ka kireeyay dhulkii ganacsade Sanca ah oo la oran jiray Sayid Al-Barr.  Saylac ka dib waxa xukumay Amiir, kaas oo Mordechai Abir u soo jeediyay in uu leeyahay &quot;wax sheegasho ah oo aan caddayn oo ku saabsan dhammaan gobolka Saaxil , laakiin awoodda dhabta ah ma dhaafin meel ka baxsan derbiyada magaalada.&quot; Badhasaabka oo gacan ka helaya madfac iyo calooshood u shaqeystayaal kooban oo ku hubaysnaa birta , ayaa ku guulaystay in uu iska difaaco duullaan ay ku soo qaadeen labadii reer guuraaga ahaa ee gudaha ku sugnaa, kuwaas oo gudaha u soo galay iyo weliba guutooyin ku sugnaa gacanka Cadmeed.  Inkasta oo Tadjoura ay sheegatay madax-bannaani dhammaystiran, haddana waxaa loo tixgeliyey inay hoos timaado Saylac maadaama suldaanku uu ka heli lahaa gunno-sannadeedka guddoomiyaha deegaanka.  Abubakr Pasha waxa uu u sharaxay Vice-Admiral Alphonse Fleuriot de Langle in markii imaamka Sanca uu wali ka talinayay xeebaha Yemen, qaar ka mid ah askartii loo diray Tadjoura ay maalin ay xasuuqeen dadka magaalada. Badhasaabka Mocha ayaa markaa diray ciidan cusub si ay uga soo aargudaan. Magaaladu intay aargoosigan la kulmi lahayd, waxay door bidday inay u go'aansato inay Imaamka siiso, sannad walba xilliga carwooyinka, oo ah gunno aan waligeed la bixin oo uu guddoomiyaha Saylac ka masuul yahay soo saarista.  Tadjourah's vizier Mahamed Mahamed ayaa u cusboonaysiiyay faa'iidada Pasha Turkiga ee Al-Hodeydah in kasta oo Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiintu aysan waligood xaq siyaasadeed u adeegsan Tadjoura.  Mohammed Al-Barr waxa mar dambe lagu beddeli doonaa guddoomiyaha Saylac iyo inta ku tiirsan ( Saaxil).) by Sharmaake Cali Saalix .  Bishii Juun 1861, Faransiisku wuxuu Sharmarke Ali Salih ku eedeeyay inuu ku lug lahaa dilkii Henri Lambert , wakiilkii hore ee qunsuliyada Faransiiska, taageerena u ahaa Sharmaarke, Abubakr Pasha , oo ka ganacsan jiray addoonta Canfarta . Inkasta oo Pasha Turkiga ee Al-Xodeydah iyo Degenaanshaha Ingiriiska ee Cadan ay rumaysnaayeen in Sharmaarke aanu wax dambi ah lahayn, haddana isaga iyo qaar ka mid ah taageerayaashiisa ayaa la xidhay oo loo gacan geliyey ciidamada badda Faransiiska. Maxkamadeynta, oo markii hore loo qorsheeyay Constantinople , ayaa markii dambe loo wareejiyay Jeddah . 
Muxammad Cali , Pasha Masar , wuxuu u yimid inuu xukumo Yemen , Harar , Gacanka Tadjoura oo ay Saylac iyo Berbera ku jiraan. Badhasaabkii deegaanka Abubakar Pasha ayaa ku amray ciidankii Masar ee Sagallo joogay inay ka fariistaan ​​Saylac . Doonta markabka Seignelay ayaa gaadhay Sagallo wax yar ka dib markii ay Masaaridu dhoofeen. Ciidamada Faransiisku waxay qabsadeen qalcadda inkasta oo ay ka soo horjeesteen wakiilka Ingiriiska ee Cadan , Major Frederick Mercer Hunter, kaas oo u diray ciidamo si ay u ilaaliyaan danaha Ingiriiska iyo Masar ee Saylac iyo ka hortagga kordhinta Faransiiska ee jihadaas. 
14-kii Abriil 1884kii Taliyaha roondada sloop L'Inferent ayaa ka warbixiyey qabsashadii Masar ee Gacanka Tadjoura. Taliyaha ilaalada sloop Le Vaudreuil ayaa sheegay in Masaarida ay ku sugnaayeen gudaha inta u dhexeysa Obock iyo Tadjoura . Imbaraadoor Yohannes IV ee Itoobiya wuxuu heshiis la saxeexday Great Britain si loo joojiyo la dagaalanka Masaarida iyo in la ogolaado in ciidamada Masar laga soo daadgureeyo Itoobiya iyo Somaliland litteral. Ciidankii Masar ayaa laga saaray Tadjoura . Léonce Lagarde waxa uu roondo u diray Tadjoura habeenkii xigay.
[[File:Carte de la côte française (...)Meunier Alexandre btv1b53062311r 1.jpg|thumb|Khariidadda Xeebta Soomaalida Faransiiska iyo gobollada deriska la ah 1870kii]]
Soohdimaha dalka Jabuuti ee maanta waxa la aassay markii ugu horeysay ee Faransiisku ka as aaso  Geeska Afrika xiligii loollanka Afrika .  Heshiiskii March 11.  Faransiisku waxa ay xiisaynayeen in ay yeeshaan xarun dhuxul oo loogu talagalay uumiyada , taas oo si gaar ah muhiim u ah warbaahinta Kanaalka Suweys ee 1869 .  March 26, 1885, Faransiisku waxay heshiis kale la dhigteen Issas halkaas oo kan dambe uu noqon doono maxmiyad hoos-u-qaadis Faransiis
[[File:Djibouti-Eid-Celebration.jpg|thumb|Xaflad si heer sare ah loo soo agaasimay oo ay isugu soo baxeen dad muslimiin ah oo isticmaalaya kataarad Suudaani ah si ay ugu ciidaan sanadkii 1913-kii]]
Waxa la aasaasay intii u dhaxaysay 1883 ilaa 1887, ka dib markii Soomaalidii xukumi jirtay iyo saldanadii Canfarta mid waliba heshiis la saxeexday Faransiiska . Isku daygii Nikolay Ivanovitch Achinov , tacabiir Ruush ah , si uu u dejiyo Sagallo 1889 waxaa markiiba fashiliyay ciidamada Faransiiska hal bil ka dib. Sannadkii 1894kii, Léonce Lagarde waxa uu maamul rasmi ah oo Faransiis ah ka dhisay magaalada Jabuuti wuxuuna gobolka u magacaabay Faransiiska Somaliland . Dhismaha Jidka Tareenka ee Imperial ee galbeedka Itoobiya ayaa dekedda Jabuuti ka dhigay magaalo boom ah oo dhan 15,000  xilli Harar ay ahayd magaalada kaliya ee Itoobiya ka sarreysay.  Inkasta oo dadku ay hoos u dhaceen ka dib markii la dhammeeyey jidka tareenka ee Diridhaba oo shirkaddii asalka ahayd ay ku guuldareysatay oo ay dalbatay dammaanad dawladeed, isku xirka tareenka ayaa u oggolaaday dhulku inuu si dhakhso ah u dhaafo ganacsigii safarka ahaa ee Saylac (oo markaa ahaa aagga Ingiriiska ee Somaliland ) oo noqday dekedda koowaad ee qaxwaha iyo badeecadaha kale ee ka baxa koonfurta Itoobiya iyo Harar .
[[File:Ahmed Abokob.jpg|thumb|Axmed Abokob, oo ahaa tiir-raac Soomaaliyeed oo u dhashay Jabuuti, kana qayb galay WW1]]
Guutada 6-aad ee Somali Marching ayaa lagu aas aasay Madagascar 11-kii May 1916-kii, waxaana ciidamadan laga soo qaatay Xeebaha Soomaaliya ee Faransiiska , waxaana loo bixiyay Guutada 1-aad ee Tirailleurs Soomaaliyeed markii ay soo gaareen dalka Faransiiska bishii June. Asal ahaan loogu talagalay in ay noqoto unug diyaargarow ah, saraakiishii guutada ayaa ka jawaabay rabitaanka Soomaalida ee ah in ay dagaalamaan, taasoo keentay in ay ka qaybgalaan iyaga iyo RICM weerarkii Oktoobar 1916 ee Fort Douaumont. Doorkooda gaarka ah, shirkadaha guutada waxaa la guddoonsiiyay Croix de Guerre, iyo calanka RICM wuxuu helay Legion of Honor. Dib-u-habaynta cutubka dagaalka bishii Diseembar 1916, guutadu waxay ku dagaalameen Chemin des Dames bishii Maajo 1917 iyo markii dambe dagaallo waaweyn sida Malmaison, Dagaalkii 3aad ee Aisne, iyo Dagaalkii 2aad ee Marne, iyagoo kasbaday tixraacyo badan iyo xuquuqda xirashada Croix de Guerre fourragère. 2,434 ka mid ah ragga hubaysan ee la diray, 517 ka mid ah ayaa la dilay, 1,200 oo kalena waa lagu dhaawacay Yurub.
Ka dib markii uu Talyaanigu qabsaday dalka Itoobiya badhtamihii 1930-aadkii, waxa iska hor imaad joogto ah oo dhinaca xuduudka ahi ku dhex maray ciidamadii Faransiiska ee Somaliland joogay iyo ciidamadii Talyaaniga ee ku sugnaa bariga Afrika ee Talyaanigu . Bishii Juun 1940, intii lagu jiray marxaladihii hore ee Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka , Faransiisku wuu dhacay , gumeysigana waxaa xukumay dawladdii Axis Vichy (Faransiiska) . 
Ciidamada Ingiriiska iyo kuwa Barwaaqo-sooranka waxay la dagaalameen talyaanigii dariska ahaa intii uu socday Ololihii Bariga Afrika . 1941kii, Talyaanigii waa la jebiyey, waxaana la go'doomiyey ciidamadii Vichy ee Faransiiska Somaliland. Maamulkii Vichy Faransiisku waxa uu ku sii jiray gumaysigii in ka badan sannad ka dib burburkii Talyaaniga. Ingriiska oo ka jawaabaya waxa uu go’doomiyay dekedda magaalada Jabuuti balse way ka hor istaagi wayday in Faransiisku uu macluumaadka ka bixiyo kolanyada markabkii halkaa marayay. Sannadkii 1942-kii, ilaa 4,000 oo askari oo British ah ayaa qabsaday magaalada.  Guuto maxali ah oo ka socday French Somaliland ayaa ka qayb qaatay Xoraynta Faransiiska 1944. 
Sannadkii 1958-kii oo ku beegnayd maalintii ay Soomaaliya xornimada qaadatay 1960-kii, ayaa waxaa dalka Jabuuti ka dhacay afti dadweyne oo lagu go'aamiyay inay ka sii mid ahaato Faransiiska iyo inay tahay waddan madaxbannaan. Aftidu waxay u soo baxday in la sii wado xidhiidhka Faransiiska, taas oo ay qayb ka tahay isku-darka haa ee ay ku codeeyeen qawmiyadda Canfarta iyo Faransiiska deggan. Waxa kale oo jiray eedaymo ku saabsan ku shubasho codbixineed oo baahsan . Inta badan dadka maya ku codeeyay waxay ahaayeen Soomaali si weyn u taageersanaa ku biiritaanka Soomaaliya oo mid ah sida uu soo jeediyay Maxamuud Xarbi , Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Golaha Xukuumadda. Xarbi waxa uu ku dhintay shil diyaaradeed laba sano ka dib iyada oo duruufo laga shakiyay
[[File:An aerial view of Djibouti City.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka hawada ee magaalada Jabuuti ee caasimadda Jabuuti]]
1966-kii, Faransiisku wuxuu diiday taladii Qaramada ee ay ahayd in uu Faransiisku siiyo adeegida Somaliland.  Bishii hore isla sanadkaas, calaamad rasmi ah oo uu ku tagay dhulkaas Faransiiska Charles de Gaulle , ayaa sidoo kale la dersay mudaaharaadyo iyo naqshado.   laga, u jawaabayo mudaaharaadyada, de Gaulle wuxuu afti kale. 
In 1967, plebiscite labaad ayaa la qabtay si loo go'aamiyo aayaha dhulka.  Natiijooyinka hore waxay taageereen isku xirka sii socda laakiin dabacsan oo lala yeesho Faransiis.  Codeynta ayaa sidoo kale loo qeybiyay qaab isir ah, iyadoo guud ahaan Soomaalida degan ay u codeeyeen madax banaani, iyadoo hadafku ahaa in la midoobo Soomaaliya, waxaan Canfartu ay si weyn u doorteen in ay la midoobaan Faransiiska.  Aftida ayaa mar kale waxaa hareeyay warbixino ku saabsan ku shubasho dhanka codadka ah oo ay ciidamada maamulka Faransiiska.   Wax yar ka dib markii la qabtay shirweynihii, dalkii hore ee Côte française des Somalis (Faransiiska Somaliland) waxaa loo dhacay Territoire français des Afars et des Issas .   Ku dhawaaqida cudurka plebiscite ayaa baaqabashada shacab, oo ay ku jiraan dhowr calaamad.  Faransiisku waxa kale oo uu kordhiyey cududiisa sababta ku teedsan xuduudka.
[[File:Front de Libération de la Côte des Somalis Symbol.jpg|thumb|1960-meeyadii, halgankii gobanimadoonka waxaa hogaaminayay Jabhaddii Xoreynta Xeebta Soomaaliyeed (FLCS) oo halgan hubaysan oo gobonimo-doon ah qaaday iyada oo inta badan rabshado ay ku beegsanayeen shaqaalaha Faransiiska. FLCS waxay u adeegsan jirtay in ay bilawdo dhawr hawlgal oo soohdin ah oo ku soo biiraya Faransiiska Somaliland oo ka yimid Soomaaliya iyo Itoobiya si ay u weeraraan bartilmaameedyada Faransiiska. March 24, 1975, Jabhadda Front de Libération de la Côte des Somali waxay af-duubtay Safiirkii Faransiiska u fadhiyay Soomaaliya, Jean Guery, si ay u beddesho laba hawlwadeen oo ka tirsan FLCS oo labadooduba muddo ku noolaa dhul weynaha Faransiiska . Waxa lagu bedelay labadii xubnood ee FLCS ee Cadan ee Koonfurta Yemen . [ 150 ] FLCS waxaa loo aqoonsaday dhaqdhaqaaq xornimo qaran Ururka Midnimada Afrika (OAU), kaas oo ka qaybqaatay maalgelintiisa. FLCS waxay dalabaadkeedii u dhexaysay codsigii is-dhex-galka si ay suurtogal u noqoto &quot; Soomaali-weyn &quot; oo ay saamaysay dawladda Soomaaliya ama madaxbannaanida fudud ee dhulka. Sannadkii 1975-kii waxaa magaalada Kampala ee dalka Uganda ku kulmay ururradii xornimada Afrika ee LPAI iyo FLCS, waxayna ugu dambayntii go'aansadeen dariiqa madaxbannaanida ee Soomaaliya . 
Sannadkii 1976-kii, xubno ka tirsan Jabhadda Front de Libération de la Côte des Somali ee raadinaysay inay Djibouti madax-bannaanideeda ka hesho Faransiiska , waxay sidoo kale isku dhaceen kooxda faragelinta ee Gendarmerie Nationale Intervention Group ka dib markii ay afduubteen bas u socday Loyada . Dhacdadan, iyadoo lagu muujinayo dhibka uu ku hayo joogitaanka gumeystaha Faransiiska ee Jabuuti, waxay ahayd tallaabo muhiim u ah madax -bannaanida dhulka . Suurtagalnimada afti saddexaad oo u muuqata mid lagu guulaystay Faransiisku way sii yaraanaysay. Kharashka mamnuuca ah ee ilaalinta gumeysiga , Faransiiska ee ugu dambeeya ee qaaradda , wuxuu ahaa arrin kale oo ku qasabtay goobjoogayaasha inay ka shakiyaan in Faransiisku isku dayo inuu sii haysto dhulka.
===Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti===
[[File:Ahmed Dini Ahmed proclaiming the Djibouti Declaration of Independence on 27 June 1977.jpg|thumb|Axmed Diini Axmed oo ku dhawaaqayay gobonimada Jabuuti 27kii Juun 1977kii]]
Aftidii saddexaad ee madax-bannaanida ayaa lagu qabtay dhulka Faransiiska ee Canfarta iyo Issa 8 May 1977. Aftidii hore waxay dhacday 1958 iyo 1967 ,  oo diiday madaxbannaanida . Aftidani waxay taageertay madax banaanida Faransiiska .  98.8% codbixiyayaashu waxay taageereen ka go'itaanka Faransiiska, taas oo si rasmi ah u calaamadisay madaxbannaanida Jabuuti Hassan Gouled Aptidoon , oo ah siyaasi Ciise (qawmiyad Soomaali ah) oo u ololeeyay in haa loo codeeyo aftidii 1958, wuxuu noqday madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee qaranka (1977-1999).
Sannadkeedii ugu horreeyay, Jabuuti waxay ku biirtay Ururka Midowga Afrika (hadda Midowga Afrika ), Jaamacadda Carabta iyo Qaramada Midoobay. 1986kii, jamhuuriyadda curdinka ahi waxay sidoo kale ka mid ahayd xubnihii aasaasay urur goboleedka horumarinta ee urur-goboleedka IGAD. Intii uu socday dagaalkii Ogaadeeniya , siyaasiyiintii Ciisaha ee saamaynta ku lahaa waxay ku tala galeen Jabuuti-weyn ama “Ciise-land”, oo xuduudka Jabuuti uu ka koobnaan doono Badda Cas ilaa Diridhaba . Riyadaasu waxay ku dhufatay dhamaadkii dagaalka iyadoo ciidamadii Soomaalida laga jabiyay Itoobiya. 
Horraantii 1990-aadkii, xiisado ka dhashay matalaadda dowladda ayaa horseeday iskahorimaad hubeysan oo dhex maray xisbiga talada dalka Jabuuti haya ee PRP iyo kooxda mucaaradka ah ee Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD). Is-mariwaaga wuxuu ku dhammaaday heshiis awood-qeybsi ah 2000.
Bishii Abriil 2021, Ismaaciil Geelle , oo ah madaxweynihii labaad ee Jabuuti tan iyo markii ay xorriyadda ka qaateen Faransiiska 1977, ayaa mar kale loo doortay markii shanaad.
==Siyaasada==
Jabuuti waa jamhuuriyad madaxtinimo oo midaysan , awood fulineedna waxay ku fadhidaa madaxtooyada , taas oo iyaduna awood u leh golaha wasiirada , iyo awooda sharci dejinta ee dawlada iyo golaha shacabka . Economist Democracy Index waxa ay Djibouti ku qiimeysay mid kalitalis ah 2024. 
===Dawladnimada===
[[File:Ismail Omar Guelleh 2010.jpg|thumb|Madaxweynaha Jabuuti Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle]]
Madaxweyne Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle ayaa ah shaqsiga caanka ka ah siyaasadda dalka Jabuuti — madaxa dawladda iyo taliyaha guud . Madaxwaynuhu waxa uu isticmaalayaa awoodooda fulineed oo uu kaalmaynayo ra'iisul wasaaraha ay u magacaabeen , Cabduqaadir Kaamil Maxamed . Golaha Wasiirada (Wasiirada) waxa u xilsaaran oo guddoominaya Madaxweynaha.
Nidaamka garsoorku wuxuu ka kooban yahay maxkamadaha darajada koowaad, Maxkamadda Sare ee Racfaanka, iyo Maxkamadda Sare. Nidaamka sharcigu waa isku dhafka sharciga madaniga ah ee Faransiiska iyo xeer dhaqameedka Soomaalida iyo Canfarta. 
Golaha Shacbiga (oo hore u ahaan jiray Golaha Wakiilada ) waa sharci-dejinta dalka, oo ka kooban 65 xubnood oo la soo doorto shantii sanaba mar. Inkasta oo aan ka koobnayn , haddana Dastuurku waxa uu dhigayaa in la sameeyo Golaha Guurtida.  Doorashadii u dambaysay waxa la qabtay 23 February 2018. Jabuuti waxa ka jira nidaamka xisbiyada badan , iyadoo xisbiga Rally ee Progress (RPP) ay gacanta ku hayaan sharci-dejinta iyo fulinta tan iyo markii la aasaasay 1979 (xisbigu wuxuu u hoggaansamaa qayb ka mid ah Midowga Aqlabiyadda Madaxweynaha , kaas oo haysta kuraasta sare ). Axsaabta mucaaridka ah waa la ogol yahay ( xadidan) xoriyad, laakiin xisbiga ugu weyn mucaaradka, Midowga Badbaadada Qaranka , ayaa qaadacay doorashooyinkii 2005 iyo 2008, iyaga oo ku sababeeyey inay dawladdu gacanta ku hayso warbaahinta iyo cabudhinta murashaxiinta mucaaradka. 
Dowladda waxaa u badan beesha Ciisaha Dir ee Soomaaliyeed oo taageero ka haysta beelaha Soomaaliyeed gaar ahaan beesha Gadabuursi Dir . Dalku waxa uu ka soo baxay dagaal sokeeye oo toban sano socday dhamaadkii sagaashameeyadii iyada oo dawladii iyo jabhadii FRUD ay heshiis nabadeed kala saxeexdeen 2000. Laba xubnood oo FRUD ah ayaa ku biiray golaha wasiirada,  oo ka bilaabmay doorashadii madaxtinimo ee 1999 , FRUD waxay olole u gashay RPP.
Madaxweyne Geelle waxa uu xilka kala wareegay Xasan Guuleed Aptidoon sannadkii 1999 - kii .  Horraantii 2011, muwaadiniinta Jabuuti waxay ka qaybqaateen mudaaharaadyo isdaba joog ah oo lagaga soo horjeedo dawladda muddada dheer soo shaqaynaysay, kuwaas oo lala xidhiidhiyay mudaaharaadyadii guga Carabta ee waaweyn . Geelle ayaa mar saddexaad loo doortay sanadkaas kadib markii uu helay 80.63% codadkii la dhiibtay 75% codadkii la dhiibtay.  In kasta oo kooxaha mucaaradka ay qaadaceen codbixinta isbeddelka lagu sameeyay dastuurka u oggolaanaya Geelle inuu mar kale u tartamo xafiiska,  goobjoogayaasha caalamiga ah ee Midowga Afrika ayaa guud ahaan doorashada ku tilmaamay mid xor iyo xalaal ah. 
31-kii March 2013, Geelle waxa uu ra’iisul wasaarihii mudada dheer xilka hayay Dilleita Mohamed Dilleita u bedelay madaxweynihii hore ee Midowga Aqlabiyadda Madaxweynaha (UMP) Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed .  Bishii Diseembar 2014, Ururka talada haya ee aqlabiyadda Madaxweynaha ayaa sidoo kale heshiis qaab-dhismeed la saxeexday Isbahaysiga Badbaadada Qaranka, kaas oo waddada u xaaraya in sharci-dejiyeyaasha mucaaradka ay galaan baarlamaanka iyo dib u habeynta hay'adda doorashada qaranka.
===Xiriirka dibadda===
Xiriirka dibadda ee Jabuuti waxaa maamula wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda iyo iskaashiga caalamiga ah ee Jabuuti. Jabuuti ayaa xiriir dhow la leh dowladaha Soomaaliya , Itoobiya , Faransiiska iyo Mareykanka . Sidoo kale waa ka-qaybgale firfircoon oo ka tirsan Midowga Afrika , Qaramada Midoobay , Dhaqdhaqaaqa Aan Isbahaysiga ahayn , Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka iyo Arrimaha Jaamacadda Carabta . Tan iyo 2000-meeyadii, mas'uuliyiinta Jabuuti waxay sidoo kale xoojiyeen xiriirka Turkiga .
Jabuuti waxa ay xubin ka ahayd Madasha Dawladaha Yaryar (FOSS) tan iyo markii la aasaasay kooxda 1992.

===Milatari===
[[File:Camp Maryama during an exercise, Arta Region, Djibouti.jpg|thumb|Saldhiga Maryama oo dhoolatus ciidan ka waday Gobolka Carta]]
Ciidamada Jabuuti waxaa ka mid ah ciidamada Jabuuti oo ka kooban ciidamada badda Jabuuti, ciidamada cirka ee Jabuuti iyo kuwa Gendarmerie (GN). Laga soo bilaabo 2011 , shaqaalaha diyaarka u ah adeegga milatarigu wuxuu ahaa 170,386 rag ah iyo 221,411 dumar ah oo da'doodu u dhaxayso 16 ilaa 49 . Xornimada ka dib, Jabuuti waxay lahayd laba rajiim oo ay kala taliyaan saraakiil Faransiis ah. Horraantii 2000-meeyadii, waxa ay u muuqatay mid bannaanka ah nooc ka mid ah ururrada ciidanka kaas oo sida ugu wanaagsan u horumarin doona awoodaha difaaca iyada oo dib-u-habayn lagu samaynayo ciidamada oo loo samaynayo unugyo yaryar oo guurguura oo badan halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen qaybo dhaqameed.
Dagaalkii ugu horeeyey ee ay ka qayb qaataan ciidamada Jabuuti waxa uu ahaa dagaalkii sokeeye ee Jabuuti dhex maray dawladda Jabuuti oo ay taageerayaan Faransiiska iyo Jabhadda Dib-u-soo-celinta Midnimada iyo Dimuqraadiyadda ( FRUD ). Dagaalku wuxuu socday intii u dhaxaysay 1991 ilaa 2001, inkastoo inta badan colaadaasi ay soo afjartay markii garabyadii qunyar socodka ahaa ee FRUD ay heshiis nabadeed la saxiixdeen dowladda ka dib markii ay la kulmeen dib u dhac ciidan oo baaxad leh, markii ay ciidamada dowladdu qabsadeen inta badan dhulkii ay jabhaddu gacanta ku haysay. Koox xagjir ah ayaa sii waday dagaalka ay kula jirto dowladda, laakiin waxay saxiixday heshiis nabadeed sannadkii 2001. Dagaalku wuxuu ku dhammaaday guul dawladeed, FRUDna waxay noqotay xisbi siyaasadeed.
Dalka Jabuuti oo xarun u ah urur goboleedka IGAD, waxa ay si firfircoon uga qayb qaadatay geeddi-socodka nabadda Soomaaliya , iyada oo martigelisay shirkii Carta ee sannadkii 2000 . 
Sannadihii u dambeeyay, Djibouti waxa ay horumarisay farsamada tababarada, taliska ciidanka iyo qaab dhismeedka xogta waxaanay qaaday talaabooyin ay ku noqonayso isku filnaansho xagga sahayda ciidankeeda si ay Qaramada Midoobay kala kaashato hawlaha nabad ilaalinta, ama ay caawimo ciidan u fidiso wadamada sida rasmiga ah u waydiista. Hadda waxaa la geeyey Soomaaliya iyo Suudaan 
===Joogitaanka ciidamada shisheeye===
[[File:11th MEU conducts Sustainment Training 170105-F-QF982-589.jpg|thumb|Xubnaha adeegga Mareykanka ee saxaraha Grand Bara , 2017]]
Ciidamada Faransiisku waxa ay joogeen Jabuuti markii uu dhulku xornimada qaatay, iyada oo markii ugu horraysay qayb ka ahayd hab-maamuuskii ku-meel-gaadhka ahaa ee bishii June 1977-kii oo dhigayay shuruudihii lagu dejin lahaa ciidammada Faransiiska, taas oo ka dhigan heshiis difaac. Heshiis iskaashi oo cusub oo dhanka difaaca ah oo u dhaxeeya Faransiiska iyo Jabuuti ayaa lagu kala saxiixday magaalada Paris 21-kii December 2011. Wuxuu dhaqan galay 1-dii May 2014. Heshiiskaas iyo qodobkiisa amniga, Faransiisku waxay dib u xaqiijiyeen inay ka go'an tahay madaxbannaanida iyo wadajirka dhuleed ee Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti. Sidoo kale xornimada ka hor, 1962, cutub ka tirsan ciidamada shisheeye ee Faransiiska , guutadii 13-aad ee Demi-Brigade of the Foreign Legion (13 DBLE) ayaa laga soo wareejiyay Aljeeriya loona wareejiyay Jabuuti si ay u noqdaan xudunta ciidankii Faransiiska ee halkaas joogay.  31kii Luulyo 2011, guutada demi-guutiga waxay ka ambabaxeen Jabuuti una socdeen Imaaraadka Carabta .
Dalka Jabuuti oo ah goob istaraatijiyad ah oo ku taal marinka Bab-el-Mandeb , kaas oo kala qaybiya gacanka cadmeed iyo badda cas , isla markaana maamusha waddooyinka loo maro kanaalka Suweys , ayaa ka dhigtay meel aad loogu jecel yahay saldhigyada ciidamada shisheeye. Camp Lemonnier waxaa ka tagay Faransiiska oo markii dambe u kireeyay Taliska Dhexe ee Mareykanka Sebtembar 2002. Heshiiska waxaa dib loo cusbooneysiiyay 2014 ilaa 20 sano oo kale. Saldhigga Milatari ee Taageerada Qaranka Talyaanigu wuxuu sidoo kale ku yaal Jabuuti. Dalku waxa kale oo uu martigeliyaa saldhigga millatari ee Japan ee kaliya ee dibadda ah iyo saldhigga taageerada Shiinaha . 
Wasaaradda Difaaca ee Mareykanka ayaa ku eedeysay Shiinaha in ay la beegsadeen laysarka awoodda sare leh ee diyaaradaha dagaalka Mareykanka meel u dhow saldhigga ay Shiinaha ku leeyihiin Jabuuti. 
Martigelinta saldhigyada ciidamada shisheeye waa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah dhaqaalaha Jabuuti. Maraykanku waxa uu bixiyaa $63 milyan sannadkii si uu u kiraysto Camp Lemonnier, France iyo Japan mid walba waxa uu bixiyaa $30 milyan sannadkii,  iyo Shiinaha ayaa bixiya $20 milyan sannadkii.  Lacagaha ijaarka ayaa lagu daray in ka badan 5% wadarta guud ee GDP ee Djibouti oo ah US$2.3 bilyan sanadka 2017.
===Xuquuqda Aadanaha===
Warbixin ay soo saartay Freedom in the World 2011, Freedom House waxa ay Djibouti ku qiimeysay &quot;Non Free&quot;, hoos u dhigista meeqaamkeedii hore ee &quot;Qayb Xor ah&quot;.
Marka loo eego Warbixinta Dalka ee Waaxda Arrimaha Dibadda Mareykanka ee 2019 ee Dhaqanka Xuquuqda Aadanaha , Jabuuti arrimaha muhiimka ah ee xuquuqul insaanka waxaa ka mid ah dilalka sharci-darrada ah ama aan sharciga ahayn ee ay geystaan ​​wakiillada dowladda; xidhitaanka sabab la'aanta ah ee wakiilada dawladda; xaaladaha xabsiga oo adag oo nafta halis gelinaya; faragelin aan sabab lahayn ama sharci darro ah oo sirta ah; xadhig aan sabab lahayn ama dacwad ku oogidda suxufiyiinta; cayda dembiilaha; faragelin weyn oo lagu sameeyo xuquuqaha isu imaatinka nabada iyo xoriyada ururrada; falalka musuqmaasuqa ee muhiimka ah; iyo xad-gudubyada ka dhanka ah haweenka iyo gabdhaha oo aan ku filneyn tallaabo dowladeed oo ku aaddan dacwad oogista iyo isla xisaabtanka, oo ay ku jiraan gudniinka fircooniga ah. Waxa kale oo uu dhigayaa in isla xisaabtan la’aanta ay dhibaato tahay, iyadoo dawladdu dhif iyo naadir ku tahay inay qaado tallaabooyin lagu cadaynayo laguna ciqaabayo mas’uuliyiinta geysta xadgudubyada, haddii ay ahaan lahaayeen hay’adaha amniga iyo kuwa kale ee dawladda.
===Qaybaha maamulka===
[[File:The Regions of Djibouti.png|thumb|Maabka gobollada Jabuuti]]
Jabuuti waxaa loo qeybiyay lix gobol oo maamul, iyadoo magaalada Jabuuti ay ka mid tahay gobollada rasmiga ah. Waxa loo sii kala qaybiyay labaatan maamul-hoosaadyo .

==Juqraafiga==
===Goobta iyo deegaanka===
[[File:Satellite image of Djibouti in November 2001.jpg|thumb|Sawirrada dayax-gacmeedka]]
[[File:Satellite images of Djibouti during the night.png|thumb|Jabuuti maalintii (bidix) iyo habeenkii (midig)]]
Jabuuti waxa ay dhacdaa Geeska Afrika , waxa ay dhacdaa gacanka Cadmeed iyo Bab-el-Mandeb , dhinaca koonfureed ee laga galo badda cas . Waxay u dhaxaysaa loolka 11° iyo 14°N iyo longitudes 41° iyo 44°E, oo ah barta waqooyi ee Dooxada Weyn ee Rift Valley . Waa Jabuuti markii khilaafkii u dhexeeyay Plate-ka Afrika iyo Plate-kii Soomaaliyeed uu ku kulmay Plate-ka Carabta , oo ka sameysan saddex geesood oo juqraafi ah. Isdhexgalka tectonic ee seddexda geesoodka ah ayaa abuuray heerka ugu hooseeya ee meel kasta oo Afrika ka mid ah oo ku taal harada Assal , iyo niyad-jabka labaad ee ugu hooseeya ee dhulka engegan meel kasta oo dhulka ah (oo ay dhaaftay kaliya niyad-jabka xuduudaha Jordan iyo Israa'iil
Xeebta waddanku waxay fidsan tahay 314 kiiloomitir (195 mayl), oo leh dhul ka kooban badiyaa taagga, bannaanka iyo dhulka sare. Djabouti waxay leedahay bedka guud ee dhulka 23,200 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (8,958 sq mi). Xuduudaheedu waxay gaadhayaan 575 km (357 mi), 125 km (78 mi) oo ka mid ah waxay la wadaagtaa Eritrea , 390 km (242 mi) waxay la wadaagtaa Itoobiya , iyo 60 km (37 mi) waxay la wadaagtaa Somaliland . Jabuuti waa dalka ugu konfureed ee ku yaal saxanka Carabta .
Jabuuti waxa ay leedahay siddeed saf oo buuraley ah oo ay ugu sarrayso in ka badan 1,000 mitir (3,300 cagood). Silsiladda Mousa Ali waxaa lagu tiriyaa buurta ugu sarreysa dalka, oo leh meesha ugu sarreysa ee xadka Itoobiya iyo Ereteriya. Waxay leedahay kor u kac dhan 2,028 mitir (6,654 cagood).  Saxaraha Grand Bara waxa uu daboolaa qaybo ka mid ah koonfurta Djibouti ee gobollada Carta, Cali Sabiix iyo Dikhil. Inta badan waxay ku fadhidaa meel sare oo aad u hooseeya, oo ka hooseysa 1,700 cagood (520 mitir).
Meelaha juqraafiga ah ee aad u xun waxaa ka mid ah: dhanka waqooyi, Ras Doumera iyo barta ay soohdinta Eritrea ka gasho Badda Cas ee Gobolka Obock; dhanka bari, qayb ka mid ah xeebta Badda Cas ee waqooyiga Raas Bir; dhanka koonfureed, oo ah meel ku taal xuduudka Itoobiya ee galbeedka magaalada As Ela ; dhanka galbeedna, waa meel ku taal xuduudka Itoobiya isla markiiba bari ka xigta magaalada Afambo ee Itoobiya .
Inta badan Jabuuti waxa ay ka mid tahay dhul -daaqsimeedka xabashida iyo geedaha geedaha . Waxa ka reeban marin bari oo ku teedsan xeebta Badda Cas, taasoo qayb ka ah lamadegaanka xeebta Eritereeya
'''Muuqaallada Jibouti'''
[[File:Djib 003.JPG|thumb|Harada Assal]]
[[File:Traditional houses on the Mabla Mountains.jpg|thumb|Guryaha dhaqanka ee Buuraha Mabla]]
[[File:Lac Abbe-02.JPG|thumb|Harada Abbe]]
[[File:The mountains near Dasbiyo.png|thumb|Buuraha Dasbiyo u dhow]]
[[File:South Djibouti Beach.png|thumb|Xeebta koofureed ee magaalada Jabuuti , oo ku taal gacanka Cadmeed]]
===Cimilada===
[[File:Djibouti's map of Köppen climate classification.png|thumb|Cimilada Jabuuti aad ayay u diiran tahay waxayna aad uga yar tahay isbeddelka xilliyeedka marka loo eego celceliska adduunka . Celceliska heerkulka maalinlaha ah wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 32 ilaa 41 ° C (90 ilaa 106 °F), marka laga reebo meelaha sare. Magaalada Jabuuti , tusaale ahaan, celceliska heerka galabnimada wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 28 ilaa 34 °C (82 ilaa 93 °F) bisha Abriil. Laakiin Airolaf , oo u dhaxaysa 1,535 ilaa 1,600 m (5,036 ilaa 5,249 ft), heerkulka ugu badan waa 30 °C (86 ° F) xagaaga iyo ugu yaraan 9 ° C (48 ° F) xilliga qaboobaha. [ 184 ] Dhulka sare wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 500 ilaa 800 m (1,600 ilaa 2,600 ft), way la barbar dhigi karaan oo way qabowsan yihiin kuwa xeebta bilaha ugu kulul ee Juun ilaa Agoosto. Diseembar iyo Jannaayo waa bisha ugu qabow ee celceliska heerkulka hooseeya hoos u dhaco ilaa 15 ° C (59 ° F). Jabuuti waxa ay leedahay cimilo kuleyl semi-oomane ah (BSh) ama cimilo kulul oo saxare ah (BWh), inkasta oo heerkulku aad u dhex dhexaad u yahay meelaha ugu sarreeya . 
Cimilada Djibouti waxay u dhaxaysaa oomanaha gobolada waqooyi bari ilaa iyo badhtamaha , waqooyiga, galbeedka iyo koonfurta dalka. Dhinaca badda ee bari, roobka sannadlaha ahi waxa uu ka yar yahay 5 inji (130 mm); Dhulka sare ee dhexe, roobabku waa 8 ilaa 16 inji (200 ilaa 410 millimitir). Dhulka dambe ayaa si aad ah uga hooseeya qoyaanka marka loo eego gobollada xeebta.
===Duurjoogta===
[[File:FrancolinusOchropectus.svg|thumb|Jabuuti francolin , oo ah nooc aad u dabar go'aya oo ku nool Jabuuti oo kaliya]]
Dhirta iyo xayawaanka dalku waxay ku nool yihiin dhul aad u qallafsan oo kayntu ay ka tahay wax ka yar boqolkiiba hal wadarta guud ee dalka. Duurjoogtu waxay ku faafeen saddex gobol oo waaweyn, kuwaas oo kala ah gobolka buuraleyda waqooyi ee dalka ilaa dhulalka foolkaanaha ee qaybteeda koonfureed iyo badhtamaha oo ay ku dhamaato gobolka xeebta.   
[[File:Goda Mountains - National Park of Forêt du Day.jpg|thumb|Noocyada dhirta ee Beerta Qaranka ee Forêt du Day]]
Inta badan noocyada duurjoogta ah waxaa laga helaa qaybta waqooyi ee dalka, ee nidaamka deegaanka ee Seeraha Qaranka ee Day Forest . Celcelis ahaan joog dhan 1,500 mitir (4,921 cagood), aagga waxaa ka mid ah Goda massif, oo leh ugu sarreeya 1,783 m (5,850 ft). Waxay dabooshaa dhul dhan 3.5 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (1 sq mi) ee kaynta Juniperus procera , iyadoo in badan oo dhir ah ay kor ugu kacayso 20 mitir (66 cagood). Dhulkan kaynta ah waa meesha ugu weyn ee ay ku nool yihiin dabar-goynta iyo ciribtirka Jibuuti francolin (shimbir), iyo mid kale oo dhawaan la xusay laf dhabarta, Platyceps afarensis ( maska ​​colubrine ). Waxa kale oo ay ka kooban tahay noocyo badan oo dhir alwaax ah iyo dhir leh, oo ay ku jiraan geedo geedo iyo saytuun ah, kuwaas oo 60% ka ah tirada guud ee la aqoonsaday ee dalka.
Sida laga soo xigtay xogta dalka ee la xidhiidha noolaha duurjoogta ah ee Djibouti, qaranku wuxuu ka kooban yahay in ka badan 820 nooc oo dhir ah, 493 nooc oo lafdhabarta ah, 455 nooc oo kalluun ah, 40 nooc oo xamaarato ah, saddex nooc oo shimbiro ah, 360 nooc oo shimbiro ah iyo 66 nooc oo naasley ah.  Duur-joogta Djibouti waxa ay sidoo kale ku taxan yihiin qayb ka mid ah meelaha ugu kala duwan ee noole ee Geeska Afrika iyo badda cas iyo gacanka cadmeed . Naasleyda waxaa ka mid ah dhowr nooc oo antelope ah, sida cawska Soemmerring iyo cawska Pelzeln. Natiijada mamnuucista ugaarsiga ee la soo rogay tan iyo horraantii 1970-kii noocyadan ayaa hadda si wanaagsan loo ilaaliyaa. Naasleyda kale ee caanka ah waa zebra Grevy , hamadryas baboon iyo antelope Hunter . Warthog , nooca nugul, ayaa sidoo kale laga helaa beerta Qaranka ee Maalinta . Biyaha xeebuhu waxay leeyihiin godad, qoolleyda cagaaran , iyo qoolleyda hawksbill .  Haramcadka Waqooyi Bari Afrika Acinonyx jubatus soemmeringii ayaa loo malaynayaa inuu ku dabar go'ay dalka Jabuuti
==Dhaqaalaha==  
[[File:GDP by sector, Djibouti.png|thumb|GDP-ga Jabuuti qayb ahaan]]
Dhaqaalaha Jabuuti waxa uu inta badan ku urursan yahay qaybta adeegga. Dhaqdhaqaaqyada ganacsigu waxa ay ku wareegsan yihiin siyaasadaha ganacsiga xorta ah ee dalka iyo goobta istaraatiijiga ah ee marinka badda cas. Roobabka oo xaddidan awgeed, khudaarta iyo miraha ayaa ah dalagyada ugu muhiimsan ee wax-soo-saarka, cunnada kalena waxay u baahan yihiin in dibadda loo keeno. Wax-soo-saarka (GDP perity perity) ee 2013 waxaa lagu qiyaasay $2.505 bilyan, iyadoo kobac dhab ah uu ahaa 5% sannadkii. Dakhliga qofkasta waa ku dhawaad ​​$2,874 (PPP). Qaybta adeegyadu waxay ka koobnayd 79.7% GDP, waxaa ku xigtay warshadaha 17.3%, iyo beeruhu 3%. 
Laga bilaabo 2013-ka , konteenarada dekedda Jabuuti ayaa qaada ganacsiga ugu badan ee qaranka. Qiyaastii 70% dhaqdhaqaaqa dekeddu waxa ay ka kooban tahay waxa laga soo dejiyo lagana dhoofiyo dalka aynu jaarka nahay ee Itoobiya , taas oo ku xidhan marsada oo ah marinka ugu weyn ee badda. [ 189 ] Laga bilaabo 2018, 95% shixnadaha gaadiidka Itoobiya waxaa maamuli jirtay Dekedda Jabuuti.  Dekeddu waxay sidoo kale u adeegtaa sidii xarun shidaal oo caalami ah iyo xarun wareejin.  Sannadkii 2012, dawladda Jabuuti oo kaashanaysa DP World waxay bilawday dhismaha dekedda Dooraale ,  oo ah deked saddexaad oo weyn oo loogu talagalay in lagu horumariyo awoodda isu-socodka qaranka. Mashruuc dhan $396 milyan, waxa uu awood u leeyahay in uu qaado 1.5 milyan iyo labaatan cagood sannadkii. 
Djibouti waxa ay gashay kaalinta 177-aad ee ugu nabdoon halka loo maal galiyo aduunka marka la eego qiimaynta halista Euromoney Country ee March 2011.  Si loo hagaajiyo jawiga maalgashiga tooska ah ee shisheeye, maamulka Djibouti oo kaashanaya hay'adaha aan faa'iido doonka ahayn ee kala duwan ayaa bilaabay tiro mashaariic horumarineed ah oo loogu talagalay in lagu muujiyo awoodda ganacsi ee dalka. Dawladdu waxay sidoo kale soo bandhigtay siyaasado cusub oo ganacsi oo gaar loo leeyahay oo lagu beegsanayo dulsaarka sare iyo sicir-bararka, oo ay ku jiraan dabcinta culayska cashuuraha ee shirkadaha iyo oggolaanshaha ka-dhaafitaanka cashuurta isticmaalka.  Intaa waxaa dheer, dadaal ayaa la sameeyay si loo dhimo qiyaasta 60% ee heerka shaqo la'aanta magaalooyinka iyadoo la abuurayo fursado shaqo oo badan iyada oo loo marayo maalgelinta qaybaha kala duwan. Lacagaha ayaa si gaar ah ugu baxay dhismaha kaabayaasha isgaarsiinta iyo kordhinta dakhliga la iska tuuri karo iyadoo la taageerayo ganacsiyada yaryar. Iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay awooddeeda kobaca, waaxda kalluumeysiga iyo beer-soo-saarka, oo ka dhigan qiyaastii 15% GDP, ayaa sidoo kale ku riyaaqday maalgashiga kor u kaca tan iyo 2008. 
Si loo balaadhiyo qaybta warshadaha ee dhexdhexaadka ah, warshad koronto-dhaliye ah oo 56 megawatt ah oo la qorsheeyay in la dhammeeyo 2018 ayaa la dhisayaa iyadoo la kaashanayo OPEC , Bangiga Adduunka iyo Xarunta Deegaanka Caalamiga ah . Xaruntan ayaa la filayaa inay xalliso koronto yaraan soo noqnoqotay, hoos u dhigto ku tiirsanaanta qaranka Itoobiya ee tamarta, hoos u dhigi doonta saliidda qaaliga ah ee la soo dhoofiyo ee naaftada laga dhaliyo koronto, oo ay hoos u dhigto GDP iyo deynta hoose. 
Shirkadda Djibouti ee Maalgelinta Salt (SIS) ayaa bilawday hawlgal ballaadhan oo ay ku warshadaynayso milixda badan ee gobolka Harada Casal ee Djibouti. Mashruucan oo lagu shaqaynayo 4 milyan oo tan sanadkiiba, ayaa mashruucan nadiifinta ah waxa uu kor u qaaday dakhligii dhoofinta, waxa uu abuuray fursado shaqo oo badan, waxa kale oo uu dadka deegaanka u keenay biyo macaan.   Sannadkii 2012, dawladda Djibouti waxay sidoo kale qoratay adeegyada shirkadda China Harbor Engineering Company Ltd ee dhismaha terminalka macdanta. qiimihiisu dhan yahay $64 milyan, mashruucani waxa uu u sahashay Djibouti in ay 5,000 oo tan oo milix ah u dhoofiso sannadkii suuqyo ku yaala Koonfur Bari Aasiya
[[File:Djibouti GDP 1985 to 2015.png|thumb|Wax-soo-saarka guud ee Djibouti waxa uu kordhay celcelis ahaan in ka badan 6 boqolkiiba sannadkii, laga bilaabo US$341 milyan sannadkii 1985 ilaa US$1.5 bilyan sannadkii 2015]]
Wax-soo-saarka guud ee Djibouti waxa uu kordhay celcelis ahaan in ka badan 6 boqolkiiba sannadkii, laga bilaabo US$341 milyan sannadkii 1985 ilaa US$1.5 bilyan sannadkii 2015. Faran Jabuuti waa lacagta Djibouti. Waxa soo saara Baanka dhexe ee Jabuuti oo ah maamulka lacagta dalka . Maadaama faranka Jabuuti lagu qiimeeyay dollarka Maraykanka, guud ahaan wuu xasiloon yahay, sicir-bararkana dhib ma laha. Taasi waxay ka qayb qaadatay xiisaha loo qabo maalgashiga dalka oo sii kordhaya. 
Laga bilaabo 2010 , 10 bangi oo caadi ah iyo kuwo Islaami ah ayaa ka hawlgala Jabuuti. Badi waxay yimaadeen dhowrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay, oo ay ku jiraan xawaaladaha Soomaalida ee Dahabshiil iyo BDCD, oo hoos timaada Maalgelinta Maaliyadda Swiss. Nidaamka bangiyada waxaa hore u maamulay laba hay'adood: Bangiga Indo-Suez iyo Bangiga Ganacsiga iyo Warshadaha (BCIMR). Si loo xaqiijiyo qaybta amaahda iyo dhigaalka adag, dawladdu waxay u baahan tahay bangiyada ganacsiga inay ilaaliyaan 30% saamiyada hay'adda maaliyadeed; Ugu yaraan 300 milyan oo faran Jabuutiyaan ah oo ku jira raasamaalka hore waa qasab bangiyada caalamiga ah . Amaah-siinta sidoo kale waxaa lagu dhiirigeliyay abuurista sanduuq dammaanad ah, kaas oo u oggolaanaya bangiyada inay soo saaraan deyn ganacsiyada yaryar iyo kuwa dhexdhexaadka ah ee u qalma iyada oo aan marka hore u baahnayn deebaaji badan ama dammaanad kale. 
Maalgashadayaasha Sucuudiga ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo waramayaa in ay sahminayaan suurtagalnimada in ay isku xiraan Geeska Afrika iyo Jasiiradda Carabta iyaga oo sii maraya buundada dibadda ah ee dhex marta Jabuuti oo dhererkeedu yahay 28.5km (17.7 mi) , loona yaqaan Buundada Geeska . Maalgeliyaha Tarek bin Laden ayaa lala xiriiriyay mashruuca. Bishii Juun 2010, Wajiga I ee mashruuca dib baa loo dhigay. 
===Gaadiidka===
[[File:The Djibouti–Ambouli International Airport.png|thumb|Terminalka Weyn ee Jabuuti–Ambouli International Airport]]
Gegida dayuuradaha ee Djibouti–Ambouli International Airport ee magaalada Djibouti , oo ah madaarka kaliya ee caalamiga ah ee wadanku leeyahay, waxa uu u adeegaa marino badan oo qaaradaha isaga kala goosha oo leh duulimaadyo qorshaysan iyo kuwo kiro ah. Diyaaradda Air Jabuuti ayaa ah midda qaada calanka dalka Jabuuti, waana diyaaradda ugu weyn ee laga leeyahay dalka Jabuuti.
Jidka tareenka ee Addis Ababa-Jabuuti ayaa shaqo bilaabay bishii January ee sanadkan 2018. Ujeedada ugu wayn ayaa ah in la fududeeyo adeega xamuulka ee isaga kala gooshi jiray dhulka Itoobiya iyo dekeda Dooraale ee dalka Jabuuti .
Doomaha Baabuurtu waxay ka soo maraan Gacanka Tadjoura iyagoo ka soo raacaya Magaalada Jabuuti ilaa Tadjoura . Waxaa jirta Dekedda Dooraale oo dhanka galbeed ka xigta magaalada Jabuuti, taasoo ah dekedda ugu weyn Jabuuti. Dekadda Dooraale waa marinka cusub ee Jidka Tareenka ee Addis-Ababa iyo Jabuuti. Marka laga soo tago Dekedda Dooraale oo laga soo dejiyo shixnadaha guud iyo shidaalka, Jabuuti (2018) waxay leedahay saddex dekedood oo kale oo waaweyn oo laga soo dejiyo lagana dhoofiyo badeecadaha iyo xoolaha nool, Dekedda Tadjourah (potash), Dekedda Damerjoog (xoolo) iyo Dekedda Goubet (milix). Ku dhawaad ​​95% badeecadaha ay Itoobiya kala soo degto ama ka dhoofsato waxay maraan dekedaha Jabuuti.
Habka dariiqa weyn ee Jabuuti waxaa loo magacaabay si waafaqsan kala soocidda waddada. Waddooyinka loo aqoonsan yahay waddooyinka aasaasiga ah waa kuwa daamurkoodu dhan yahay (dhererkooda oo dhan) iyo guud ahaan isu socodka magaalooyinka waaweyn ee Jabuuti.
Jabuuti waxa ay ka mid tahay Waddada Xariirta Badda ee Qarnigii 21-aad oo ka bilaabma Xeebta Shiinaha ilaa Gobolka Sare ee Adriatic oo isku xidha badhtamaha iyo Bariga Yurub.
===Warbaahinta iyo isgaarsiinta===
[[File:Djibtelcom2.jpg|thumb|Xarunta Jabuuti Telecom ee magaalada Jabuuti]]
Isgaarsiinta Jabuuti waxay hoos timaadaa Wasaaradda Isgaarsiinta. 
Jabuuti Telecom waa bixisa adeega isgaadhsiinta kaliya. Waxay inta badan adeegsataa shabakada gudbinta raadiyaha microwave. Fiilada fiber optic-ga ayaa lagu rakibay caasimadda, halka miyiga ay ku xiran yihiin nidaamyada raadiyaha maxalliga ah ee loop wireless. Daboolista mobilada ayaa ugu horayn ku xaddidan aagga gudaha iyo hareeraha magaalada Jabuuti. Laga soo bilaabo 2015 , 23,000 oo khadadka telefoonada ah iyo 312,000 khadadka mobilada/mobileka ayaa la isticmaalayey. SEA -ME-WE 3 fiilada hoosteeda waxay ka shaqeysaa Jeddah , Suez , Sicily, Marseille , Colombo , Singapore iyo wixii ka baxsan. Saldhigyada dhulka ee dayax-gacmeedka ee taleefoonada waxaa ka mid ah 1 Intelsat (Badweynta Hindiya) iyo 1 Arabsat . Medarabtel waa shabakadda taleefanka wareejinta raadiyaha microwave-ka ee gobolka.
Raadiyo Televisionka Jabuuti waa warbaahin qaran oo ay dowladdu leedahay. Waxa ay maamushaa TV-ga kaliya ee dhulka, iyo sidoo kale labada shabakadood ee raadiyaha gudaha ee AM 1, FM 2, iyo shortwave 0. Shatiyeynta iyo ka shaqaynta warbaahinta waxaa nidaamiya dawladda. Tiyaatarada filimada waxaa ka mid ah Shineemada Odeon ee caasimadda.
Laga soo bilaabo 2012 , waxa jiray 215 adeeg bixiye internet oo maxalli ah. Isticmaalayaasha internetku waxay ka koobnaayeen 99,000 oo qof (2015). Dalka intarneedku heerka sare waa .dj .
Wargeysyada daabacaadda ee ugu waaweyn waxaa iska leh dowladda: wargeyska maalinlaha ah ee afka Faransiiska ku hadla ee La Nation , wargeyska toddobaadlaha ah ee Jabuuti Boostada , iyo toddobaadlaha Carabiga Al-Qarn . Waxa kale oo jirta wakaaladda wararka dawladda , Agence Djiboutienne d'Information. Mareegaha wararka ee aan dawliga ahayn waxay saldhigoodu yihiin dibadda; tusaale ahaan, La Voix de Jabuuti  waxay ka hawlgashaa Belgium.
===Dalxiiska===
[[File:Photo of Gulf Of Tadjoura.png|thumb|Carta Plage oo ku taal Gacanka Tadjoura]]
Dalxiiska dalka Jabuuti ayaa ka mid ah dhinacyada kobaca dhaqaalaha dalka, waana warshad ay soo galaan wax ka yar 80,000 oo qof sanadkii, kuwaasoo u badan qoyska iyo asxaabta askarta ku sugan saldhigyada waaweyn ee ciidamada badda ee dalkaasi.  Inkasta oo tirooyinka ay sii kordhayaan, waxaa jira wadahadalo ku saabsan fiisaha imaatinka ee la joojiyo, taas oo xaddidi karta koritaanka dalxiiska.
Kaabayaasha dhaqaale waxay ku adkeynayaan dalxiisayaasha inay si madax-bannaan u safraan, kharashyada dalxiisyada gaarka ahna waa sarreeyaa. Tan iyo markii dib loo furay khadka tareenka ee Addis Ababa ilaa Jabuuti Janaayo 2018,  safarka dhulka ayaa sidoo kale dib loo bilaabay. Labada mucjis ee juqraafiyeed ee ugu waaweyn Djibouti waa harada Abbe iyo harada Assal, waa meelaha ugu badan ee loo dalxiis tago. Labada goobood waxay soo jiitaan boqollaal dalxiisayaal ah sannad kasta iyagoo raadinaya meelo fogfog oo aan dad badani booqan.
===Tamarta===
Jabuuti waxa ku rakiban koronto ka dhalinaysa 126 MW shidaalka shidaalka iyo naaftada. [ 208 ] Sannadkii 2002 wax soo saarka korantada ayaa lagu dhejiyay 232 GWh, iyadoo la isticmaalayo 216 GWh. Sannadka 2015, isticmaalka koronto ee qofkiiba waa qiyaastii 330 kilowatt-saacadood (kWh); Intaa waxaa dheer, qiyaastii 45% dadku ma helaan koronto, [ 208 ] iyo heerka baahida aan la daboolin ee waaxda korontada ee dalka ayaa ah mid muhiim ah. Korodhka tamarta biyaha laga keeno ee Itoobiya , taasoo buuxinaysa 65% baahida Djibouti, waxay door weyn ka qaadan doontaa kor u qaadista tamarta dib loo cusboonaysiin karo ee dalka. [ 208 ] Awoodda geothermal waxay abuurtay xiiso gaar ah Japan, oo leh 13 goobood oo suurtagal ah; waxay mar hore ka bilaabeen dhismaha hal goob oo u dhow harada Assal. Dhismaha xarunta korantada ee sawirka Voltaic (beeraha qorraxda) ee Grand Bara waxay dhalin doontaa 50 MW.
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
[[File:An Afar nomad.jpg|thumb|Nin Canfar ah oo dharka reer guuraaga ah]]
qowmiyadood ee ugu badan ee u dhashay Jabuuti waa Soomaalida (60%) iyo Canfarta (35%). [ Qaybta qabiilka Soomaalidu waxa ay badi ka kooban tahay Ciise (oo ka kooban 33%), waxa ku xiga Gadabuursi (15–20%) iyo Isaaq (13.3-20%).  5% ka hadhay dadka reer Djibouti waxay ka kooban yihiin Yemeniyiin Carab ah , Xabashida iyo Yurubiyaanka ( Faransiiska iyo Talyaaniga ). Ku dhawaad ​​76% dadka deegaanka waa reer magaal; inta soo hartay waa xoolo dhaqato . Jabuuti waxa kale oo ay martigelisaa tiro dad ah oo soo galooti ah iyo qaxooti ka yimid dawladaha jaarka ah, iyadoo magaalada Djibouti lagu naanayso &quot;Faransiiska Hong Kong ee Badda Cas&quot; taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay magaalo-madaxeedka guud. Jabuuti waxay ku taal xeebta bari ee Afrika waxay ka dhigtay xudunta socdaalka gobolka , iyada oo Soomaali, Yemeni iyo Itoobiyaan ay u socdaalayaan waddanka iyagoo u sii socda Khaliijka iyo waqooyiga Afrika . Dalka Jabuuti ayaa waxaa kusoo qulqulaya tahriibayaal badan oo ka imaanaya dalka Yemen
===Luuqadaha===
Jabuuti waa wadan ku hadla luqado badan .  Inta badan dadka deegaanka waxay ku hadlaan af-soomaali (60%) iyo Canfarta (35%) sida luqadaha koowaad. Waa afafka hooyo ee qowmiyadaha Soomaalida iyo canfarta, siday u kala horreeyaan. Labada luqadoodba waxay ka tirsan yihiin qoyska weyn ee Kushitigga Afroasiatic . Af-Soomaaliga Waqooyi waa lahjada ugu weyn ee looga hadlo dalka iyo dalka deriska la ah ee Somaliland, marka la barbardhigo Soomaalida Banaadiriga oo ah lahjada ugu weyn ee looga hadlo Soomaaliya. Jabuuti waxaa ka jira laba luqadood oo rasmi ah: Carabi iyo Faransiis . 
Carabigu waa diin muhiimad. Goobaha rasmiga ah, waxay ka kooban tahay Carabiga Heerka Casriga ah . Sida la wada ogsoon yahay, ilaa 59,000 oo dadka deegaanka ahi waxay ku hadlaan lahjada Carabiga ee Ta'izzi-Adeni , oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano Carabi Jabuuti . Faransiisku wuxuu u adeegaa sidii luqad qaran oo sharci ah. Waxa laga dhaxlay gumaysigii, waana afka koowaad ee wax lagu barto. Ku dhawaad ​​17,000 oo reer Jabuuti ah ayaa ugu hadla luqadda koowaad. Luqadaha soogalootiga waxaa ka mid ah Cumaan Carabi (38,900 ku hadla), Amxaari (1,400 ku hadla), iyo Giriig (1,000 ku hadla).
===Diinta===
Dadka reer Djibouti waxay u badan yihiin Muslimiin . Islaamka waxaa lagu arkay ku dhawaad ​​98% dadweynaha dalka (qiyaastii 891,000 ilaa 2022 ). Laga bilaabo 2012 , 94% dadku waxay ahaayeen Muslimiin halka 6% soo hadhay ay yihiin Masiixiyiin raacsan. 
Islaamku wuxuu gobolka soo galay xilli hore, iyadoo koox muslimiin ah oo la dhibaateeyay ay magangelyo u soo galeen badda cas ee Geeska Afrika, taasoo uu ku booriyay nebi Muxamed . Sannadkii 1900-kii, waagii hore ee gumaystaha, ma jirin wax Masiixiyiin ah oo ku sugnaa dhulkaas, iyadoo 100-300 oo qof oo kaliya ay ka yimaadeen dugsiyada iyo xarumaha agoomaha ee faransiiska Somaliland . Dastuurka Djibouti waxa uu Islaamka u magacaabay diinta kaliya ee dawliga ah , waxa kale oo uu dhigayaa sinnaanta muwaadiniinta diimaha oo dhan (qodobka 1) iyo xoriyada ku dhaqanka diinta (Qodobka 11). Muslimiinta deegaanka intooda badan waxay u hoggaansamaan mad-habta Sunniga , iyagoo raacaya mad-hab Shaafici . Muslimiinta aan mabda'a ahayn waxay inta badan ka tirsan yihiin amarrada suufiyada ee dugsiyo kala duwan.  Marka loo eego Warbixinta Xorriyadda Diimaha Caalamiga ah ee 2008, halka Muslimiinta Jabuutiyaanku ay xaq u leeyihiin inay u beddelaan ama guursadaan qof caqiido kale ah, kuwa beddelaya waxay la kulmi karaan falcelin xun oo ka yimaada qoyskooda iyo qabiilkooda ama bulshada guud ahaan, waxayna inta badan la kulmaan cadaadis ah inay ku noqdaan Islaamka. 
Diocese -ka Djibouti waxa ay u adeegtaa dad yar oo maxalli ah oo Catholic ah , kuwaas oo ay ku qiyaaseen ilaa 7,000 oo qof sanadkii 2006.
===Caafimaadka===
[[File:Institut Supérieur des Sciences et de la Santé (ISSS)'s Faculty of Medicine in Djibouti City, Djibouti.jpg|thumb|Galitaanka kuliyada caafimaadka ee ISSS ee magaalada Jabuuti]]
Rajada nolosha ee dhalashada waxay ku dhowdahay 64.7 lab iyo dheddig labadaba. Dhalintu waa 2.35 carruur ah haweeneydiiba. Jabuuti waxa jooga ilaa 18 dhakhtar 100,000kii qofba. 
Heerka dhimashada hooyada 2010 ee 100,000 ee dhallaanka Jabuuti waa 300. Tan marka la barbar dhigo 461.6 2008 iyo 606.5 ee 1990. Heerka dhimashada 5 ka yar 1,000 dhalladu waa 95 iyo dhimashada dhallaanka waa 5% dhimashada Djibouti boqolkiiba 5. 1,000kiiba dhalmada nool waa 6 iyo khatarta nolosha ee dhimashada haweenka uurka leh 1 ka mid ah 93. 
Qiyaastii 93.1% dumarka iyo gabdhaha reer Djibouti ayaa lagu sameeyay gudniinka fircooniga ah (FGM, oo mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan 'gudniinka dumarka'),  caado guurka ka hor inta badan ku dhacda Waqooyi Bari Afrika iyo qaybo ka mid ah Bariga dhow.  Inkasta oo si sharci ah loo mamnuucay 1994, nidaamka ayaa weli si ballaaran loogu dhaqmaa, maadaama uu si qoto dheer ugu dhex jiro dhaqanka maxalliga ah. Dhiirigelinta iyo fulinta haweenka bulshada dhexdeeda, Gudniinka Fircooniga ah waxaa ugu horayn loogu talagalay in lagu joojiyo sinada iyo in laga ilaaliyo weerarka.  Ilaa 94% dadka reer Djibouti ee ragga ah ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo waramayaa in lagu sameeyay gudniinka ragga , taas oo waafaqsan diinta Islaamka; Mad -habka Shaaficiga ee Islaamka , oo ah mad-habka ugu weyn Geeska Afrika, wuxuu u baahan yahay gudniinka ragga iyo dumarka.
===Waxbarashada===
Waxbarashadu waa mudnaanta dawladda Jabuuti. Laga bilaabo 2009 , waxay u qoondaysaa 20.5% miisaaniyadeeda sanadlaha ah waxbarida iskoolka.
[[File:Djibwomglopul.jpeg|thumb|Haweenka reer Jabuuti ee ka qayb qaadanaya barnaamijka Global Pulse Education initiative (2010)]]
Nidaamka waxbarasho ee Jabuuti ayaa markii hore loo dejiyay in lagu fuliyo saldhig arday oo xaddidan. Sidan oo kale, qaab dhismeedka dugsiyeedku wuxuu ahaa mid si weyn u xeel dheer oo laga soo qaatay jaantuskii gumaystaha Faransiiska, kaas oo aan ku habboonayn duruufaha iyo baahiyaha maxalliga ah. 
Dabayaaqadii sagaashameeyadii, masuuliyiinta Jabuuti waxa ay dib u eegis ku sameeyeen istiraatijiyadda waxbarashada qaranka waxa ayna daah-fureen hannaan wada-tashi sal ballaadhan oo ay ku lug lahaayeen masuuliyiinta maamulka, macalimiinta, waalidiinta, xubnaha golayaasha qaranka iyo ururada aan dawliga ahayn. Hindisuhu waxa uu tilmaamay meelaha u baahan in fiiro gaar ah loo yeesho waxana uu soo saaray talooyin la taaban karo oo ku saabsan sidii loo horumarin lahaa. Dawladdu waxay intaa dabadeed diyaarisay qorshe dib-u-habayn oo dhammaystiran oo looga dan lahaa in lagu casriyeeyo qaybta waxbarashada muddadii 2000-10. Bishii Agoosto 2000, waxay ansixisay Sharciga Qorshaynta Waxbarashada ee rasmiga ah waxayna diyaarisay qorshe horumarineed oo dhexdhexaad ah shanta sano ee soo socota. Nidaamka tacliinta aasaasiga ah si weyn ayaa loo habeeyey oo laga dhigay mid khasab ah; hadda waxa uu ka kooban yahay shan sano oo dugsi hoose ah iyo afar sano oo dugsi dhexe ah. Dugsiyada sare waxay sidoo kale u baahan yihiin Shahaadada Waxbarashada aasaasiga ah si loo galo. Sidoo kale, sharcigan cusub waxa uu soo bandhigay barasho heer sare ah oo dhanka farsamada gacanta ah, waxaana dalka laga hirgeliyay xarumo jaamacadeed. 
Natiijadu waxay tahay Xeerka Qorshaynta Waxbarashada iyo istiraatijiyadda waxqabadka muddada-dhexe, horumar la taaban karo ayaa laga diiwaan geliyay dhammaan qaybaha waxbarashada. Gaar ahaan, is-diiwaangelinta dugsiga, imaanshaha, iyo heerka haynta ayaa dhammaantood si joogto ah u kordhay, iyada oo ay jiraan kala duwanaansho heer gobol ah. Laga soo bilaabo 2004 ilaa 2005 ilaa 2007–08, diiwangelinta saafiga ah ee hablaha ee dugsiga hoose waxay sare u kacday 18.6%; wiilasha, waxay kordheen 8.0%. Isdiiwaangelinta saafiga ah ee dugsiga dhexe isla muddadaas ayaa kor u kacday 72.4% gabdhaha iyo 52.2% wiilasha. Heerka sare, heerka korodhka isdiiwaangelinta saafiga ah wuxuu ahaa 49.8% gabdhaha iyo 56.1% wiilasha. 
Dawladda Jabuuti waxay si gaar ah diiradda u saartay horumarinta iyo horumarinta kaabayaasha hay’adaha iyo agabka waxbarashada, oo ay ku jiraan dhisidda fasallo cusub iyo keenista buugaagta waxbarashada. Heerka dugsiga sare ka dib, waxaa sidoo kale xoogga la saaray soo saarista macalimiin aqoon leh iyo dhiirigelinta da'yarta ka baxsan dugsiga inay sii wataan tababar xirfadeed. Laga bilaabo 2012 , heerka wax-akhris ee Djibouti waxa lagu qiyaasay 70%. 
Machadyada tacliinta sare ee dalka waxaa ka mid ah jaamacadda Jabuuti .

==Dhaqanka==
[[File:Wood jar from Oue`a, Tadjoura, Djibouti.jpg|thumb|Dhalada alwaax-dhaqameed ee laga soo xardhay Oue'a ee gobolka Tadjourah]]Labbiska Jabuuti ayaa ka tarjumaya cimilada kulul iyo qalalan ee gobolka. Marka aan labisan dharka reer galbeedka sida jiinis iyo funaanado, nimanku caadi ahaan waxay xirtaan macawiis , taas oo ah dharka dhaqanka ee sarong -sida oo lagu xidho dhexda. Dad badan oo reer guuraa ah waxay xidhaan maro cad oo dabacsan oo suuf ah oo la yiraahdo tobe oo hoos ugu dhaadhacaya jilibka, iyadoo dhamaadka lagu tuuray garabka (sida toga Roomaanka ).
Dumarku waxay sida caadiga ah xidhaan diraac , kaas oo ah dhar dheer, iftiin, dhar voile ah oo diafanous ah oo ka samaysan suuf ama polyester kaas oo la gashado dharbaaxo dhererkiisu dhan yahay iyo rajabeeto. Dumarka la qabo waxay jecel yihiin inay ku ciyaaraan maro-xijaab oo loo yaqaan shaash waxayna inta badan ku daboolaan jirkooda sare shawl loo yaqaan garbasaar . Dumarka aan guursan ama da'da yar had iyo jeer ma daboolaan madaxa. Dharka carbeed ee dhaqameed sida jellabiya ( jellabiyaad af Soomaaliga) iyo jilibka dheddigga ayaa sidoo kale caadi ahaan loo xidhaa. Mararka qaarkood sida xafladaha, haweenku waxay isku qurxin karaan dahabka gaarka ah iyo dharka madaxa oo la mid ah kuwa ay xidhaan qabiilooyinka Berber ee Magrib . 
In badan oo ka mid ah fannaankii asalka ahaa ee Djibouti ayaa lagu gudbiyaa oo lagu xafidaa afka, gaar ahaan heesaha. Tusaalayaal badan oo Islaami ah, Cusmaaniyiin, iyo Faransiis ayaa sidoo kale lagu xusi karaa dhismayaasha maxalliga ah, kuwaas oo ka kooban balastar, motifs si taxadar leh loo dhisay , iyo sawir-gacmeed .
===Muusiga===
[[File:Oud - MIM PHX.jpg|thumb|Cuudku waa aaladda caadiga ah ee muusiga dhaqanka ee Djibouti .]]
Soomaalidu waxay leedahay hiddaha faneed hodanka ah oo ku qotoma suugaan-dhaqameedka Soomaalida . Heesaha Soomaalida intooda badan waa hal-abuur . Taasi waa, kaliya waxay isticmaalaan shan garoon octave kasta marka loo eego miisaanka heptotonic (toddobo note) sida miisaanka weyn . Marka hore dhageyso, muusiga Soomaalida waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu qaldo dhawaaqyada gobollada u dhow sida Itoobiya, Suudaan ama Jasiiradda Carabta , laakiin ugu dambeyntii waxaa lagu aqoonsan karaa laxankeeda iyo qaababka gaarka ah. Heesaha Soomaalidu inta badan waa wax ka dhasha wada shaqaynta ka dhaxaysa hal-abuurayaasha ( midho ), abwaannada ( laxan ) iyo fannaaniinta ( codka ama &quot;codka&quot;). Balwo waa qaab faneedka Soomaalida oo ku qotoma mowduucyo jacayl oo caan ka ah Jabuuti. 
Muusiga dhaqanka Canfarta waxa uu u eg yahay muusiga caanka ah ee qaybaha kale ee Geeska Afrika sida Itoobiya ; waxa kale oo ku jira qaybo ka mid ah muusiga carabiga . Taariikhda Jabuuti waxa ay ku qoran tahay gabayada iyo heesaha ay leeyihiin dadkeeda reer guuraaga ah, waxaanay soo taxnayd kumannaan sanadood oo ay dadka reer Djibouti hargaha iyo hargaha ka iibsan jireen udugga iyo xawaashka hore ee Masar , Hindiya iyo Shiinaha. Suugaanta afka Canfarta sidoo kale waa mid muusiko ah. Waxay ku timaadaa noocyo badan, oo ay ku jiraan heesaha aroosyada, dagaal, ammaan iyo faan. 
===Suugaanta===
Jabuuti waxay leedahay dhaqan soo jireen ah oo gabayga ah. Dhowr nooc oo af-soomaali ah oo si wanaagsan u horumaray ayaa waxaa ka mid ah gabay , jiifto , geeraar , wiglo , 'buraanbur , beercade , afarey iyo guuraw . Gabayga (gabayga hal-abuurka ah) waxa uu leeyahay dhererka iyo mitirka ugu kakan, oo inta badan ka badan 100 sadar . Waxa lagu tiriyaa sumadda hanashada maansada marka uu abwaanka da’da yar awoodo in uu tiriyo tuducyadan oo kale, waxaana loo arkaa dhererka gabayga. Kooxo xafidayaal iyo akhriyayaal ah ( xafidayaal ) ayaa dhaqan ahaan faafiyay qaabka fanka ee si wanaagsan u horumaray. Gabayadu waxay ku wareegsan yihiin dhowr mawduuc oo waaweyn, oo ay ku jiraan baroorodiiq (elegy), amaan (amaan), jacayl (jacayl), guhaadin (diatribe), digasho (gloating) iyo guubaabo (guudance). Baroordiiq waxa loo curiyey in lagu xuso geeridii abwaan ama halyey caan ahaa.  Cafartu waxay yaqaaniin ginili , oo ah nooc ka mid ah dagaalyahannada- gabayaaga iyo faaliyeyaasha, waxayna leeyihiin caado af ah oo qani ah oo sheeko xariireed. Waxay kaloo leeyihiin riwaayado badan oo heeso dagaal ah. 
Intaa waxaa dheer, Jabuuti waxay leedahay dhaqan soo jireen ah oo suugaanta Islaamka ah. Shaqooyinka taariikhiga ah ee ugu caansan waxaa ka mid ah Futuh Al-Habash ee dhexe ee Shihāb al-Dīn, kaas oo ka warramaya qabsashadii Adal Sultanate ee Abyssinia qarnigii 16aad.  Sannadihii u dambeeyay, tiro siyaasiyiin ah iyo aqoonyahanno ayaa iyaguna qalinka ku duugay xusuus-qoraal ama dib-u-eegis ku saabsan dalka
[[File:El Hadj Hassan Gouled Aptidon Stadium.jpg|thumb|Garoonka El Hadj Hassan Gouled Aptidoon ee Magaalada Jabuuti]]
Kubada cagta waa ciyaarta ugu caansan ee reer Jabuuti dhexdooda. Wadanku waxa uu xubin ka noqday FIFA 1994-tii, laakiin waxa uu ka qayb qaatay oo kaliya wareegii isreeb-reebka koobka qaramada Afrika iyo sidoo kale Koobka Adduunka ee FIFA bartamihii 2000-aadkii. Bishii Nofembar 2007, xulka kubbadda cagta Jabuuti ayaa 1-0 ku garaacay xulka qaranka Soomaaliya wareegii isreeb-reebka Koobka Adduunka ee 2010 , taasoo u dhiganta guushoodii ugu horreysay ee la xiriirta Koobka Adduunka.
Dhowaan ayay ahayd markii ururka falaarta adduunku uu gacan ka gaystay hirgalinta xiriirka falaarta Jabuuti, waxaana Carta laga dhisayaa xarun caalami ah oo lagu tababaro falaarta si ay uga taageerto horumarinta falaarta ee bariga Afrika iyo dhulka badda cas
===Cunto===
[[File:Sambusadish.jpg|thumb|Saxan sambusas ah , cunto fudud oo dhaqameed caan ah]]
Cunnada Jabuuti waa isku dhafka Soomaalida , Canfarta , Yemeni , iyo cunnada Faransiiska , oo leh qaar ka mid ah Koonfurta Aasiya (gaar ahaan Hindiya ) oo saameyn ku leh cunnada. Suxuunta maxaliga ah ayaa sida caadiga ah loo diyaariyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo xawaashyo badan oo Bariga Dhexe ah, oo u dhexeeya saffron ilaa qorfe . Kalluunka Yemen ee la dubay, oo kala badh la furay oo inta badan lagu kariyo foornooyinka nooca tandoori, ayaa ah cunto maxalli ah. Cuntooyinka basbaaska leh waxay ku yimaadaan noocyo badan, laga bilaabo Fah-fah- dhaqameedka ama &quot; Soupe Djiboutienne &quot; ( maraq hilib lo'aad oo basbaas leh), ilaa qoyan ( fuud khudrad isku qasan oo basbaas leh). Xalwo (waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa &quot;halwo&quot;) ama halva waa macmacaanka caanka ah ee la cuno xilliyada ciidaha, sida damaashaadka ciida ama xafladaha aroosyada. Halva waxa laga sameeyaa sonkorta, istaarijka galleyda , budada karoomada , budada nutmeg iyo subagga . Lawska ayaa mararka qaarkood lagu daraa si kor loogu qaado dhadhanka iyo dhadhanka.  Cuntada ka dib, guryaha sida dhaqameed waxaa lagu cadariyaa fooxa ( cuunsi ) ama fooxa ( lubaan ), kaas oo lagu diyaariyo gudaha fooxa oo loo yaqaan dabqaad 

===Gobolada Jabuuti===
Jabuuti waxaa loo qaybiyaa lix gobol oo maamul ah.

{| border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 align=center style=&quot;border:1px solid grey; border-collapse:collapse&quot;
|- 
! bgcolor=lightgrey | N°
! bgcolor=lightgrey | Gobol
! bgcolor=lightgrey | Magaalo Madax
! bgcolor=lightgrey | Bed ama baaxad 
! bgcolor=lightgrey | Tirada dadka
| bgcolor=white rowspan=&quot;7&quot; | [[image:Gobolada Jabuuti khariidada.png|450 px]]
|-
| 1
| Gobolka Jabuuti
| [[Jabuuti (magaalo)|Jabuuti]]
| 200
| 603,000
|-
| 2
| Gobolka Cali Sabiix
| [[Cali Sabiix]]
| 2,400
| 93,207
|-
| 3
| [[Gobolka Carta]]
| [[Carta]]
| 1,800
| 60,966
|-
| 4
| Gobolka Dikhil
| Dikhil
| 7,200
| 99,569
|-
| 5
| Gobolka Tajuura
| Tajuura
| 7,100
| 108,249
|-
| 6 
| Gobolka Obokh
| Obokh
| 4,700
| 45,648
|-
|}

[[File:Khariidadda Jabuuti.png|thumb|200px|Khariidadda Jabuuti]]

===Jasiiradaha===
* Moucha 
* Maskali 
* Abou Maya 
* Ile Warramous
* Ounda Dabali
* Kaḏḏa Dâbali
* Guinni Kôma

===Xubin ka ah===
Jabuuti waxay xubin ka tahay ururadan hoos ku dhigan:
* [[IGAD]]
* [[CEN-SAD]]
* [[Comesa]]
*[[Jaamacada Carabta]] (Unionka Mediterraneanka) 
*[[Bankiga Aduunka]]
*[[Midowga Afrika]]
===Ciidanka Xooga===
Wadanka jabuuti wuxuu leeyahay ciidanka dhulka, ciidanka badda, iyo ciidanka cirka.
Militariga jabuuti waxay gaarayaan, 16,763askari
* 8,260 waa rag
* 8,503 waa dumar
===Lacagta===
::''Sidoo kale fiiri [[Lacagta Jabuuti]]''
Faranka Jabuuti ({{lang-fr|Djiboutian franc}}) waa [[lacag]]ta dowliga ah ee laga isticmaalo wadanka Jabuuti. Lambarka diiwaangelinta caalamiga ah waa [[ISO 4217]], waxaana summad u ah ''DJF''.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110713033224/http://www.infotech2003.com/catalogue/World/cata.asp?Country=Djibouti infotech (2003) catalogue World cata]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20091015115427/http://aes.iupui.edu/rwise/countries/djibouti.html World Reserve Bank]&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:1000 Djiboutian Francs in 2005 Obverse.jpg|thumb|left|140px|1000 Jabuuti frank (1977).]]
Sanadkii 1884 waxaa la aasaasay maamulkii [[Xeebta Soomaaliyeed ee Faransiis]] wakhtigaas oo lagu istimaali jirey [[Lacag Faransiis]] iyo [[Lacag Hindi]]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sanadkii 1948 ayaa Jabuuti loo sameeyay lacagta shilinka ah markii ugu horeeysay taasi oo loogu magac-daray &quot;Côte Française des Somalis&quot;. Markii wadanka Jabuuti qaatey xoriyada 1977 ayaa dib uhabayn balaadhan lagu sameeyay lacagta wadanka.&lt;ref&gt;From 1884, when the [[French Somaliland]] protectorate was established, the [[French franc]] circulated alongside the [[Indian rupee]] and the [[Maria Theresa thaler]].&lt;/ref&gt;
==Bulshada==
=== Shacabka ===
Dadka Jabuuti ku nool waxay ka kooban yihiin [[Soomaali]], [[Canfar]], xoogaa [[Yemen]]i ah iyo tiro yar oo dad kale ah. waxaa u badan SOMAALIDA 00 ka badan 67% shacabka Jabuuti oo dhan, dadka Cafariga waa 31%, dadka kale oo ka yimaaday wadamada SOMAALIYA Yurubiyaanka iyo carabta iyo wadanka itoobiya neh wee joogaan.
==Muuqaalo==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Djibcapital.jpg|Magaalo madaxda Jabuuti
&lt;/gallery&gt;
==Sido kale fiiri==
* [[Soomaali luqadda dhegoolaha]]
*[[Soomaaliya]]
*[[Somaliland]]
*[[Itoobiya]]
*[[Eratareya]]
* [[Astaanta Calanka Jabuuti]]
* [http://www.osmansoysal.com/resimlerim/album.html#5300801287542640993/1 Jabuuti Photo's] {{Wayback|url=http://www.osmansoysal.com/resimlerim/album.html#5300801287542640993/1 |date=20091202160120 }}
==Tixraac ==
[https://hal.science/hal-02155003/ &quot;Fauna kalluunka qadiimiga ah ee Asa Koma (Jabuuti) iyo xogta casriga ah ee osteometric ee 3 Tilapiini iyo 2 Clarias catfish&quot;]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=WU92d6sB8JAC&amp;dq=marco+polo+adal&amp;pg=PA20 Qaamuuska Taariikhiga ah ee Itoobiya]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=zpYBD3bzW1wC&amp;pg=PA50 Xuduudka Itoobiya: Qormooyinka Taariikhda Gobolka laga soo bilaabo Waayihii hore ilaa Dhamaadkii Qarnigii 18aad - Google Books&quot;]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=zpYBD3bzW1wC&amp;pg=PP1 Xuduudaha Itoobiya: Qormo ku jira Taariikhda Gobolka laga soo bilaabo Waayihii Hore ilaa Dhamaadkii Qarnigii 18aad]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=qo1yAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=mordechai%20abir%20ethiopia Itoobiya: Waagii Amiirrada: Caqabadda Islaamka iyo dib-u-midaynta Boqortooyada Masiixiyiinta, 1769-1855]

[https://www.africanews.com/2021/04/10/djibouti-president-guelleh-wins-election-with-98-provisional-results/ &quot;Madaxwaynaha Jabuuti Geelle ayaa ku guulaystay doorashadii 98%, natiijadii ku meel gaadhka ahayd]

[https://www.eiu.com/n/democracy-index-2024/ &quot;EIU's 2024 Dimuqraadiyadda Tusmada: isbeddelka hoos u dhaca dimoqraadiyadda caalamiga ah iyo xoojinta kalitalisnimada ayaa sii socota ilaa 2024&quot;]

[https://igad.int/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=304:joint-statement-of-international-observer-missions-of-the-djibouti-presidential-elections-held-on-april-08-2011&amp;catid=61:statements&amp;Itemid=150 &quot;War-murtiyeed wadajir ah oo ay soo saareen goob-joogayaasha caalamiga ah ee doorashadii madaxtinimo ee Djibouti ee la qabtay Abriil 08, 2011&quot;]

[http://allafrica.com/stories/201208220474.html &quot;Soomaaliya: Ergayga Qaramada Midoobay Oo Ka Hadlay Furitaanka Baarlamaanka Cusub Ee Soomaaliya &quot;Xilligii Taariikhi Ah&quot;]

[http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4b20f03523.html &quot;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, &quot;Jabuuti: Xaaladda iyo daawaynta Masiixiyiinta, oo ay ku jiraan dhacdooyinka takoorka ama rabshadaha; waxtarka dib u celinta ee la heli karo kiisaska si xun loola dhaqmo; dhibaatooyinka uu la kulmi karo qofka muslimka ah hadii uu qaato diinta kiristaanka ama uu guursado masiixi (2000–2009)”, 5 August 2009”]

[http://citypopulation.de/Djibouti.html &quot;Jabuuti: Gobollada, Magaalooyinka Waaweyn &amp; Magaalooyinka - Tirakoobka Dadweynaha, Khariidadaha, Shaxda, Cimilada iyo Macluumaadka Shabkada&quot;]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=PFzdA2Hini4C&amp;pg=PA41 Haweenka ku jira bulshooyinka Muslimiinta: kala duwanaanshaha midnimada dhexdooda]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=pyWpKKlukLcC&amp;pg=PA115 Madaxbanaanida Kadib: Samaynta iyo Ilaalinta Qaranka ee Dawladaha Gumaysiga Ka Dib iyo]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=eK6SBJIckIsC&amp;pg=PA17 Dimuqraadiyad Xoolo dhaqato: Daraasad lagu sameeyay Xoolo-dhaqatada iyo Siyaasadda ka dhex jirta Soomaalida Waqooyi ee Geeska Afrika]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=eK6SBJIckIsC&amp;pg=PA17 Dimuqraadiyad Xoolo dhaqato: Daraasad lagu sameeyay Xoolo-dhaqatada iyo Siyaasadda ka dhex jirta Soomaalida Waqooyi ee Geeska Afrika]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=eK6SBJIckIsC&amp;pg=PA17 Dimuqraadiyad Xoolo dhaqato: Daraasad lagu sameeyay Xoolo-dhaqatada iyo Siyaasadda ka dhex jirta Soomaalida Waqooyi ee Geeska Afrika]

[https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/specific-country-data#/countries/DJI &quot;Warbixinta Horumarinta Aadanaha 2023/2024&quot;]{{reflist}}
{{Maqaalo Jabuuti}}
{{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}}
{{Dalalka Afrika}}
{{commonscat|Djibouti|Jabuuti}}
[[Category:Jabuuti| ]]
[[Category:Wadamada Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>piuke0osqqe4fcvgy5lztl3xlzzp9io</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Koonfur Afrika</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="30181" sha1="7l38opg9m870d7dfb7h1v023hk2q1kg" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Koonfur Afrika
| common_name            = Koonfur Afrika
| native_name            = {{small|{{name in various languages
 | name = {{nobold|''(bila luqadaha kale ee rasmiga ah)''}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite act |institution=Parliament of the Republic of South Africa |title=Constitution Eighteenth Amendment Act |date=27 July 2023 |volume=697 |number=47665 |language=en, tn}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 | af = {{lang|af|Republiek van Suid-Afrika}}
 | zu = {{lang|zu|iRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika}}
 | ss = {{lang|ss|iRiphabhlikhi yoMzantsi Afrika}}
 | nso = {{lang|nso|Repabliki ya Afrika-Borwa}}
 | st = {{lang|st|Rephaboliki ya Afrika Borwa}}
 | tn = {{lang|tn|Rephaboliki ya Aforika Borwa}}
 | ts = {{lang|ts|Riphabliki ya Afrika Dzonga}}
 | sw = {{lang|sw|iRiphabhulikhi yaseNingizimu-Afrika}}
 | ve = {{lang|ve|Riphabuḽiki ya Afurika Tshipembe}}
 | nr = {{lang|nr|iRiphabliki yeSewula Afrika}}
}}}}
| image_flag             = Flag of South Africa.svg
| alt_flag               = 
| flag2_border           = 
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg
| coa_size               = 75
| alt_coat               = 
| symbol_type            = Astaanta qaranka
| national_motto         = &quot;{{lang|xam|ǃke e꞉ ǀxarra ǁke}}&quot;&amp;nbsp;([[Luqadda ǀXam|ǀXam]])&lt;br /&gt;&quot;[[Midnimo ka dhex jirta kala duwanaanshaha]]&quot;
| national_anthem        = &quot;[[Heesta Qaranka ee Koonfur Afrika|Heesta Qaranka ee Koonfur Afrika]]&quot; &lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.5em;&quot; class=&quot;centre&quot;&gt;[[File:South Africa National Anthem.ogg]]&lt;/div&gt;
| image_map              = {{Switcher|[[File:South Africa (centered orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Muuji golaha|Muuji khariidadda Koonfur Afrika|default=1}}
| map_caption            = 
| image_map2             = 
| capital                = [[Pretoria]] &lt;small&gt;(fulinta)&lt;/small&gt;{{efn|Pretoria waxay u adeegtaa inay tahay caasimadda fulinta ee Koonfur Afrika, iyadoo martigelisa Dhismayaasha Midowga iyo xafiisyada Madaxweynaha iyo Golaha Wasiirada.&lt;ref name=&quot;three capitals1&quot;/&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;glance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=South Africa at a glance |url=https://www.gov.za/about-sa/south-africa-glance|website=South African Government |access-date=18 June 2020|archive-date=26 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526163527/https://www.gov.za/about-sa/south-africa-glance|url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;[[Cape Town]] &lt;small&gt;(xeer-dejinta)&lt;/small&gt;{{efn|Cape Town waa caasimadda xeer-dejinta, oo hoy u ah Baarlamaanka Koonfur Afrika, oo ay ku jiraan Golaha Qaranka iyo Golaha Gobollada ee Qaranka.&lt;ref name=&quot;three capitals1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=South Africa's Three Capital Cities |url=https://www.gov.za/about-sa/south-africas-three-capital-cities |website=gov.za |publisher=Government of South Africa |access-date=19 July 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;glance&quot; /&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;[[Bloemfontein]] &lt;small&gt;(garsoorka)&lt;/small&gt;{{efn|Bloemfontein waxay u adeegtaa inay tahay caasimadda garsoorka, iyadoo martigelisa Maxkamadda Sare ee Racfaanka, Maxkamadda ugu sarreysa ee arrimaha aan dastuuriga ahayn ee Koonfur Afrika.&lt;ref name=&quot;three capitals1&quot; /&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;glance&quot; /&gt;
| largest_city           = {{nowrap|[[Johannesburg]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/World.html|title=Principal Agglomerations of the World|publisher=City Population|access-date=30 October 2011|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225073559/http://www.citypopulation.de/World.html|url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!--end nowrap:--&gt;}}
| population_density_km2 = 50.8
| population_density_sq_mi = 
| population_density_rank = 169aad
| population_estimate    = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 63,015,904&lt;ref name=&quot;Census-2022&quot; /&gt;
| population_census      = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 62,027,503&lt;ref name=&quot;Census-2022&quot; /&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2024
| population_estimate_rank = 23aad
| population_census_year = [[Tirakoobka Koonfur Afrika ee 2022|2022]]
| population_census_rank = 23aad
| official_languages     = '''[[Luqadaha Koonfur Afrika|12 luqadood]]'''&lt;ref name=&quot;constitution.1.6&quot;&gt;{{cite book|url=https://www.concourt.org.za/images/phocadownload/the_text/english-2013.pdf|title=The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa|publisher=Constitutional Court of South Africa|year=2013|edition=2013 English version|at=ch.&amp;nbsp;1, s.&amp;nbsp;6|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-date=23 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823174423/https://www.concourt.org.za/images/phocadownload/the_text/english-2013.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;parliament.gov.za&quot;/&gt;{{idp|
* [[Afrikaans]]
* [[Luqadda Ingiriisiga ee Koonfur Afrika|Ingiriis]]
* [[Luqadda Ndebele ee Koonfurta|Ndebele]]
* [[Luqadda Pedi|Sepedi]]
* [[Luqadda Sotho|Sesotho]]
* [[Luqadda Tswana|Setswana]]
* [[Luqadda Dhaqdhaqaaqa Gacanta ee Koonfur Afrika]]
* [[Luqadda Swazi|Swazi]]
* [[Luqadda Venda|Tshivenda]]
* [[Luqadda Xhosa|Xhosa]]
* [[Luqadda Tsonga|Xitsonga]]
* [[Luqadda Zulu|Zulu]]
}}
{{collapsible list
| titlestyle = text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;font-size:100%;&lt;!--size of [show]/[hide] link--&gt;
| liststyle = text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;
| title=Luqadaha leh maqaamka gaarka ah&lt;ref name=&quot;constitution.1.6&quot;/&gt;|[[Luqadaha Khoe]]| [[Luqadda Khoekhoe|Nama]]|[[Luqadaha Khoisan]]|[[Luqadda Jarmalka|Jarmal]]|[[Luqadda Giriigga|Giriig]]|[[Luqadda Gujarati|Gujarati]]|[[Hindi]]|[[Luqadda Boortaqiiska|Boortaqiis]]|[[Luqadda Telugu|Telugu]]|[[Luqadda Tamil|Tamil]]|[[Urdu]]|[[Carabi]]|[[Luqadda Cibraaniga|Cibraani]]|[[Sanskrit]]
}}
| regional_languages     = 
| languages2_type        = 
| languages2             = 
| ethnic_groups_year     = 2022&lt;ref name=&quot;Mitchley&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mitchley |first=Alex |title=SA's population swells to 62 million - 2022 census at a glance |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/sas-population-swells-to-62-million-2022-census-at-a-glance-20231010 |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=News24 |language=en-US |archive-date=11 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011171333/https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/sas-population-swells-to-62-million-2022-census-at-a-glance-20231010 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| ethnic_groups          = {{unbulleted list
 | {{nowrap|81.4% [[Dadka Bantu ee Koonfur Afrika|Madow]]}}
 | 8.2% [[Coloureds|Midabka leh]]
 | 7.3% [[Dadka Caddaanka ah ee Koonfur Afrika|Caddaan]]
 | 2.7% [[Dadka Hindiya ee Koonfur Afrika|Hindi]] ama [[Aasiya (Koonfur Afrika)|Aasiya]]
| 0.4% kuwa kale
}}
| religion               = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
 |85.3% [[Masiixiyadda ka jirta Koonfur Afrika|Masiixiyad]]
 |7.8% [[Diimaha soo jireenka ah ee Afrika|Diimaha hiddaha ah]]
 |3.1% [[Diin la'aanta ka jirta Koonfur Afrika|Diin la'aan]]
 |1.6% [[Islaamka ka jira Koonfur Afrika|Islaam]]
 |1.1% [[Hinduiska ka jira Koonfur Afrika|Hinduunimo]]
 |1.1% kuwa kale}}
| religion_year          = 2022
| religion_ref           = &lt;ref name=&quot;Census-2022&quot;/&gt;
| demonym                = {{hlist|[[Dadka Koonfur Afrika|Reer Koonfur Afrika]]}}
| government_type        = Midaysan [[Jamhuuriyadaha baarlamaanka ee leh madaxtooyo fulineed|jamhuuriyad baarlamaan oo leh madaxtooyo fulineed]]
| leader_title1          = [[Madaxweynaha Koonfur Afrika|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1           = [[Cyril Ramaphosa]]
| leader_title2          = [[Madaxweyne ku-xigeenka Koonfur Afrika|Madaxweyne ku-xigeen]]
| leader_name2           = [[Paul Mashatile]]
| leader_title3          = [[Guddoomiyaha Golaha Qaranka ee Koonfur Afrika|Guddoomiyaha Golaha Qaranka]]
| leader_name3           = [[Thoko Didiza]]
| leader_title4          = [[Guddoomiyaha Golaha Gobollada ee Qaranka]]
| leader_name4           = [[Refilwe Mtsweni-Tsipane]]
| leader_title5          = [[Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare ee Koonfur Afrika|Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare]]
| leader_name5           = [[Mandisa Maya]]
| legislature            = [[Baarlamaanka Koonfur Afrika|Baarlamaan]]
| upper_house            = [[Golaha Gobollada ee Qaranka]]
| lower_house            = [[Golaha Qaranka ee Koonfur Afrika|Golaha Qaranka]]
| sovereignty_type       = Madaxbannaanida
| sovereignty_note       = {{nowrap|ka timid [[Boqortooyada Midowday ee Great Britain iyo Ireland|Boqortooyada Midowday]]}}
| established_event1     = [[Midowga Koonfur Afrika|Midowga]]
| established_date1      = 31 May 1910
| established_event2     = [[Statute of Westminster 1931|Xeerka Westminster]]
| established_date2      = 11 December 1931
| established_event3     = [[Aftidii jamhuuriyadda Koonfur Afrika ee 1960|Jamhuuriyad]]
| established_date3      = 31 May 1961
| established_event4     = [[Dastuurka Koonfur Afrika|Dastuurka hadda jira]]
| established_date4      = 4 February 1997
| area_km2               = 1,221,037
| area_footnote          = 
| area_rank              = 24aad
| area_sq_mi             = 471,443
| percent_water          = 0.380
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $1.071 tiriliyan&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.ZA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://data.imf.org/en/Data-Explorer?datasetUrn=IMF.RES:WEO(9.0.0) |title=World Economic Outlook Database (April 2026 Edition) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=www.imf.org |date=14 April 2026 |access-date=19 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2026
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 33aad
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $16,740&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.ZA&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 107aad
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase}} $479.964 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.ZA&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2026
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 39aad
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $7,503&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.ZA&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 107aad
| Gini                   = 63.0 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_year              = 2023
| Gini_change            = hoos u dhac
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref name=&quot;wb-gini&quot;&gt;{{cite report|title=Human Development Report 2025: A matter of choice: People and possibilities in the age of AI|author=UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)|url=https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2025_HDR/HDR25_Statistical_Annex_I-HDI_Table.pdf |date=6 May 2025|publisher=UNDP|access-date=28 September 2025|archive-date=6 October 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251006062920/https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2025_HDR/HDR25_Statistical_Annex_I-HDI_Table.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank              = &lt;!-- 2nd --&gt;&lt;!-- hid rank as source not clear --&gt;
| HDI                    = 0.741 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_year               = 2023&lt;!--Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year.--&gt;
| HDI_change             = kor u kac &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref name=&quot;UNHDR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 May 2025 |title=Human Development Report 2025 |url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506051232/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf |archive-date=6 May 2025 |access-date=6 May 2025 |publisher=[[Barnaamijka Horumarinta ee Qaramada Midoobay]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 106aad
| currency               = [[Rand-ka Koonfur Afrika]]
| currency_code          = ZAR
| time_zone              = [[Wakhtiga caadiga ah ee Koonfur Afrika|SAST]]
| utc_offset             = +2
| utc_offset_DST         = 
| DST_note               = 
| time_zone_DST          = 
| antipodes              = 
| date_format            = Qaababka gaagaaban:
* yyyy/mm/dd&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Data Source Comparison for en-ZA|url=https://www.localeplanet.com/compare/en-ZA/index.html|access-date=5 May 2021|website=www.localeplanet.com|archive-date=16 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816213516/https://www.localeplanet.com/compare/en-ZA/index.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* yyyy-mm-dd&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Data Source Comparison for af-ZA|url=https://www.localeplanet.com/compare/af-ZA/index.html|access-date=5 May 2021|website=www.localeplanet.com|archive-date=5 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210505092248/https://www.localeplanet.com/compare/af-ZA/index.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| calling_code           = [[Lambarrada taleefannada ee Koonfur Afrika|+27]]
| iso3166code            = ZA
| cctld                  = [[.za]]
| today                  = 
}}

'''Koonfur Afrika''', si rasmi ahna loogu yeero '''Jamhuuriyadda Koonfur Afrika''' ('''RSA'''), waa dalka ku yaal meesha ugu [[Koonfurta Afrika|koonfureed]] ee [[Afrika]].{{efn|[[Cape Agulhas]] waa barta juqraafi ahaan ugu koonfureed ee qaaradda Afrika, taasoo calaamadinaysa darafka koonfureed ee Jamhuuriyadda Koonfur Afrika.&lt;ref name=&quot;SANParks&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Agulhas National Park |url=https://www.sanparks.org/parks/agulhas |website=sanparks.org |publisher=South African National Parks |access-date=19 July 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica127&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Cape Agulhas |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Cape-Agulhas |website=britannica.com |publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica |access-date=19 July 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} [[Gobollada Koonfur Afrika|Sagaalkiisa gobol]] waxaa dhanka koonfureed ka xaddida {{convert|2798|km|mi|abbr=off}} oo [[xeeb]] ah oo fidsan dhererka [[Badweynta Atlaantigga|Koonfurta Atlaantigga]], iyo [[Badweynta Hindiya]];&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.samsa.org.za/|title=South African Maritime Safety Authority|publisher=South African Maritime Safety Authority|access-date=16 June 2008|archive-date=29 December 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081229120804/http://www.samsa.org.za/|url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2060.html|website=The World Factbook|title=Coastline|publisher=CIA|access-date=16 June 2008|archive-date=16 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716042040/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2060.html|url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=safacts&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.southafrica.info/about/facts.htm|title=South Africa Fast Facts|publisher=SouthAfrica.info|date=April 2007|access-date=14 June 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080719213531/http://www.southafrica.info/about/facts.htm|archive-date=19 July 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; dhanka waqooyi waxaa kaga dhow dalalka deriska la ah ee [[Namibia]], [[Botswana]], iyo [[Zimbabwe]] 
dhanka bari iyo waqooyi-bari waxaa ka xiga [[Mozambique]], iyo [[Eswatini]], waxayna ku dhex dhowrtaa [[Lesotho]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author= |title=Lesotho: Year In Review 1996&amp;nbsp;– Britannica Online Encyclopedia |url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9113829/LESOTHO |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615085933/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/337131/Lesotho-Year-In-Review-1996 |archive-date=15 June 2013 |access-date=30 October 2011 |website=Encyclopædia Britannica}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyadoo daboolaysa aag baaxad leh oo gaaraya {{convert|1221037|km2|mi2|abbr=off}}, dalku wuxuu leeyahay [[Dadka Koonfur Afrika|tiri dad ah]] oo ka badan 63 milyan oo qof, taasoo ka dhigaysa [[Liiska waddamada Afrika marka loo eego tirada dadka|dalka lixaad ee ugu dadka badan]] Afrika. [[Pretoria]] waa [[Caasimad|caasimadda maamulka]], halka [[Cape Town]], oo ah fadhiga [[Baarlamaanka Koonfur Afrika|Baarlamaanka]], ay tahay caasimadda xeer-dejinta, [[Bloemfontein]]-na waxaa loo tixgeliyaa caasimadda garsoorka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Marais Twala 2020 pp. 49–62&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | last1=Marais | first1=Lochner | last2=Twala | first2=Chitja | title=Bloemfontein: the rise and fall of South Africa's judicial capital | journal=African Geographical Review | publisher=Informa UK Limited | volume=40 | issue=1 | date=2020-05-07 | issn=1937-6812 | doi=10.1080/19376812.2020.1760901 | pages=49–62| s2cid=218929562 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Magaalada ugu weyn uguna dadka badan waa [[Johannesburg]], waxaana ku xiga Cape Town iyo [[Durban]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The most expensive province to buy groceries in South Africa |url=https://businesstech.co.za/news/lifestyle/847172/the-most-expensive-province-to-buy-groceries-in-south-africa-2/ |access-date=2026-05-29 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Cradle of Humankind|Helitaannada qadiimiga ah]] waxay muujinayaan in noocyo kala duwan oo [[hominid]] ah ay ka jireen Koonfur Afrika qiyaastii 2.5 milyan oo sano ka hor, iyo [[bini'aadamka casriga ah]] waxay deggenaayeen gobolka in ka badan 100,000 oo sano ka hor.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The first migrations out of Africa |url=https://australian.museum/learn/science/human-evolution/the-first-migrations-out-of-africa/ |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=The Australian Museum |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dadkii ugu horreeyay ee la ogaaday waxay ahaayeen dadka u dhashay deegaanka ee [[Khoisan]], iyo [[Dadka Bantu ee Koonfur Afrika|dadka ku hadla luqadda Bantu]], kuwaas oo u soo guuray mowjado ahaan, iyagoo ka yimid galbeedka iyo bartamaha Afrika una soo guuray gobolka 2,000 ilaa 1,000 sano ka hor.&lt;ref name=&quot;gunnink1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Gunnink |first=Hilde |last2=Sands |first2=Bonny |last3=Pakendorf |first3=Brigitte |date=2017 |title=Prehistoric Bantu-Khoisan language contact |url=https://www.academia.edu/32769639/Prehistoric_Bantu_Khoisan_language_contact_A_cross_disciplinary_approach |journal=Language Dynamics and Change |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=1 |doi=10.1163/22105832-00701002 |issn=2210-5824|hdl=1854/LU-8519242 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhanka waqooyi, [[Boqortooyada Mapungubwe]] waxay dhalatay qarnigii 13aad, iyo [[Boqortooyada Venda]] qarnigii 17aad. Sannadkii 1652, [[Dadka Dutch-ka ah|Dutch-ka]] waxay ka samaysteen degitaankii ugu horreeyay ee reer Yurub [[Table Bay]], [[Gumeysigii Cape ee Dutch-ka]]. [[Duulaankii Gumeysiga Cape|Duulaankeedii 1795-kii]], iyo [[Dagaalkii Blaauwberg]] ee 1806-dii waxay keeneen qabsashadii Ingiriiska. [[Mfecane]], xilli ay jireen rabshado waaweyn, waxay keentay sameynta boqortooyooyin Afrikaan ah oo kala duwan, oo ay ku jirto [[Boqortooyada Zulu]]. Gobolka wuxuu sii maray gumeysi dheeraad ah, iyo [[Kacaankii Macdanta]] wuxuu arkay isbeddel ku aaddan warshadaynta iyo magaaloowga. Ka dib [[Dagaalkii Labaad ee Boer]], [[Midowga Koonfur Afrika]] waxaa [[Xeerka Koonfur Afrika ee 1909|la abuuray 1910]] ka dib markii la isu geeyay gumeysiyadii [[Gumeysigii Cape|Cape]], [[Gumeysigii Natal|Natal]], [[Gumeysigii Transvaal|Transvaal]], iyo [[Gumeysigii Orange River|Orange River]], isagoo noqday [[jamhuuriyad]] ka dib [[Aftidii jamhuuriyadda Koonfur Afrika ee 1960|aftidii 1961]]. Xuquuqda codbixinta ee jinsiyadaha kala duwan ee [[Cape Qualified Franchise]] ee Cape si tartiib tartiib ah ayaa loo baabbi'iyay, inta badanna [[Afrkaanka Madow ee Koonfur Afrika]] lama siin [[Xuquuqda codbixinta|xuquuq codbixineed]] ilaa 1994.&lt;ref name=&quot;gunnink1&quot;/&gt;

[[Xisbiga Qaranka (Koonfur Afrika)|Xisbiga Qaranka]] wuxuu soo rogay [[midab-kala-soocidda]] (apartheid) sannadkii 1948, isagoo sharciyeeyay [[kala-soociddii jinsiyadeed]] ee hore u jirtay. Ka dib [[Khafifinta gudaha ee ka dhanka ah apartheid|haddaba halgankii]] ay galeen [[Golaha Qaranka Afrika]] (ANC) iyo u-dhaqdhaqaaqayaasha kale ee [[Dhaqdhaqaaqa Anti-Apartheid|ka dhanka ah apartheid]], ee gudaha iyo dibaddaba, baabbi'inta sharciyada midab-kala-sooca waxay bilaabatay badhtamihii 1980-aadkii. [[Xuquuqda codbixinta ee caalamiga ah|Doorashooyin]] [[Doorashadii guud ee Koonfur Afrika ee 1994|caalami ah ayaa dhacay 1994]], ka dib markii dhammaan kooxaha jinsiyadaha ay heleen matalaad siyaasadeed ee dalka dhexdiisa oo ku dhisan [[dimuqraadiyad xor ah]], taas oo ka kooban jamhuuriyad baarlamaan iyo sagaal gobol. Waxaa loo aqoonsan yahay inay tahay [[quwad dhexe]] ee arrimaha caalamiga ah, Koonfur Afrika waxay leedahay [[Quwadda gobolka|saameyn gobol oo weyn]] waana xubin ka tirsan [[BRICS+]], [[Midowga Afrika]] (oo martigeliya fadhiga [[Baarlamaanka Pan-African]]), [[Bulshada Horumarinta Koonfurta Afrika|SADC]], [[Midowga Kastamka Koonfurta Afrika|SACU]], [[Barwaaqo-sooranka]], iyo [[G20]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Cooper|first1=Andrew F|last2=Antkiewicz|first2=Agata|last3=Shaw|first3=Timothy M|title=Lessons from/for BRICSAM about South-North Relations at the Start of the 21st Century: Economic Size Trumps All Else?|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-studies-review_winter-2007_9_4/page/675|journal=[[International Studies Review]]|date=10 December 2007|volume=9|issue=4|pages=675, 687|doi=10.1111/j.1468-2486.2007.00730.x|issn = 1468-2486 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lynch2010&quot;&gt;{{cite book|first=David A.|last=Lynch|title=Trade and Globalization: An Introduction to Regional Trade Agreements|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-MH-GEL425AC&amp;pg=PA51|access-date=25 August 2013|year=2010|publisher=Rowman &amp; Littlefield|quote=Southern Africa is home to the other of sub-Saharan Africa's regional powers: South Africa. South Africa is more than just a regional power; it is currently the most developed and economically powerful country in Africa, and is able to use that influence in Africa more than during the days of apartheid, when it was ostracised from the rest of the world.|isbn=978-0-7425-6689-7|page=51|archive-date=11 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131011173913/http://books.google.com/books?id=-MH-GEL425AC&amp;pg=PA51|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ayadoo ah dal [[Dalalka soo koraya|soo koraya]], ahna [[Dalalka dhowaan warshadeeyay|dal dhowaan warshadeeyay]], waxay leedahay [[Liiska waddamada Afrika marka loo eego GDP (nominal)|dhaqaalaha ugu weyn Afrika marka loo eego GDP-ga nominal]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/country/south-africa|title=South Africa|publisher=World Bank|access-date=23 July 2021|archive-date=1 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111101050034/http://data.worldbank.org/country/south-africa|url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Waugh2000&quot;&gt;{{cite book|first=David|last=Waugh|title=Geography: An Integrated Approach|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7GH0KZZthGoC|access-date=24 August 2013|year=2000|publisher=Nelson Thornes|isbn=978-0-17-444706-1|pages=563, 576–579, 633, 640|chapter=Manufacturing industries (chapter 19), World development (chapter 22)|archive-date=11 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131011173925/http://books.google.com/books?id=7GH0KZZthGoC|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxayna la mid tahay [[Itoobiya]] marka loo eego tirada goobaha [[Liiska Goobaha Dhaxalka Caalamiga ah ee Afrika|UNESCO Goobaha Dhaxalka Caalamiga ah]] ee ku yaal [[Afrika]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/&amp;order=region | title=World Heritage List | website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre | access-date=16 August 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; waana meel caan ku ah [[kala-duwanaanshaha noolaha]] leh [[biomes]] gaar ah, dhir, iyo nolosha xayawaanka. Koonfur Afrika waxay ka kooban tahay [[Dhaqanka Koonfur Afrika|dhaqammo kala duwan]], [[Luqadaha Koonfur Afrika|luqado]], iyo [[Diinta ka jirta Koonfur Afrika|diimo]], waxaana loogu yeeraa &quot;[[qaranka qaanso-roobaadka]]&quot; (rainbow nation), gaar ahaan wixii ka dambeeyay xilligii apartheid, si loo sifeeyo kala duwanaanshaheeda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7512700.stm|title=Rainbow Nation – dream or reality?|access-date=10 August 2013|work=BBC News|date=18 July 2008|archive-date=8 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130908141212/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7512700.stm|url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tan iyo markii uu dhammaaday xukunkii apartheid, isla-xisaabtanka dowladda iyo [[tayada nolosha]] ayaa si weyn ugu soo hagaagay muwaadiniinta aan caddaanka ahayn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lieberman|first=Evan|url=https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691203003/until-we-have-won-our-liberty|title=Until We Have Won Our Liberty|date=2022|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-20300-3|language=en|access-date=25 November 2021|archive-date=24 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124200625/https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691203003/until-we-have-won-our-liberty|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, [[Dambiyada ka jira Koonfur Afrika|dambiyada]], rabshadaha, [[Saboolnimada ka jirta Koonfur Afrika|saboolnimada]], iyo [[Kala-sarreynta ka jirta Koonfur Afrika ka dib apartheid|kala-sarreynta]] waxay weli yihiin kuwo baahsan, iyadoo ku dhowaad 32% dadka ay yihiin kuwo aan shaqo lahayn {{as of|2024|lc=y}},&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?locations=ZA|title=Unemployment, total (% of labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) – South Africa|work=[[World Bank]]|access-date=19 September 2022|archive-date=20 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920172607/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?locations=ZA|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=12 November 2024 |title=Statistics South Africa on official unemployment rate in third quarter of 2024 |url=https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/statistics-south-africa-official-unemployment-rate-third-quarter-2024-12-nov |website=South African Government |access-date=10 February 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; halka ilaa 56% ay ku noolaayeen meel ka hooseysa khadka [[saboolnimada]] sannadkii 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.NAHC?locations=ZA|title=Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) – South Africa|work=[[World Bank]]|access-date=19 September 2022|archive-date=31 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731094656/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.NAHC?locations=ZA|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;worldbank-poverty&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://databankfiles.worldbank.org/public/ddpext_download/poverty/33EF03BB-9722-4AE2-ABC7-AA2972D68AFE/Global_POVEQ_ZAF.pdf|title=&quot;World Bank&quot;: South Africa|accessdate=7 April 2023|archive-date=20 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420193850/https://databankfiles.worldbank.org/public/ddpext_download/poverty/33EF03BB-9722-4AE2-ABC7-AA2972D68AFE/Global_POVEQ_ZAF.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maadaama ay leedahay [[Gini coefficient|koofishanka Gini]] ee ugu sarreeya oo ah 0.67, Koonfur Afrika waxaa loo tixgeliyaa mid ka mid ah waddamada ugu sinnaan la'aanta badan xagga dhaqaalaha aduunka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=World Bank Open Data |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=1W-ZA&amp;most_recent_value_desc=true |access-date=2024-04-04 |website=World Bank Open Data |archive-date=4 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404210056/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=1W-ZA&amp;most_recent_value_desc=true |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Francis |first1=David |last2=Webster |first2=Edward |date=2019-11-02 |title=Poverty and inequality in South Africa: critical reflections |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0376835X.2019.1666703 |journal=Development Southern Africa |language=en |volume=36 |issue=6 |pages=788–802 |doi=10.1080/0376835X.2019.1666703 |issn=0376-835X |access-date=4 April 2024 |archive-date=4 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404210056/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0376835X.2019.1666703 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Asalka  magaca==
{{See also|Liiska magacyada rasmiga ah ee Koonfur Afrika}}
Magaca &quot;Koonfur Afrika&quot; wuxuu ka yimid goobta juqraafi ahaan dalku ku yaal ee ah darafka koonfureed ee Afrika. Markii la aasaasay, dalka waxaa loogu magac daray [[Midowga Koonfur Afrika]] xagga Ingiriisiga iyo {{lang|nl|Unie van Zuid-Afrika}} xagga [[Luqadda Dutch-ka|Dutch-ka]], taasoo ka tarjumaysa asalkiisa ee ka dhashay midaynta afar gumeysi oo Ingiriis ah. Tan iyo 1961, magaca rasmiga ah ee dheer ee Ingiriisiga wuxuu ahaa Jamhuuriyadda Koonfur Afrika iyo {{lang|af|Republiek van Suid-Afrika}} xagga [[Afrikaans]]. Dalku wuxuu leeyahay magac rasmi ah oo ku qoran [[Luqadaha Koonfur Afrika|12 luqadood oo rasmi ah]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.concourt.org.za/index.php/constitution/the-text|title=The text|website=www.concourt.org.za|access-date=25 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225080137/https://www.concourt.org.za/index.php/constitution/the-text|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Luqadda Dhaqdhaqaaqa Gacanta ee Koonfur Afrika]] iyaduna waa luqad rasmi ah&lt;/ref&gt;

{{anchor|Mzansi}} '''Mzansi''', oo laga soo qaatay magaca [[Luqadda Xhosa|Xhosa]] ee {{lang|xh|uMzantsi}} oo macnaheedu yahay &quot;koonfur&quot;, waa [[Hadal-hayn|magac caan ah]] oo loo isticmaalo Koonfur Afrika,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|editor1-first=Sarah|editor2-first=Achille|last=Livermon|first=Xavier|title=Johannesburg: The Elusive Metropolis|chapter=Sounds in the City|year=2008|publisher=Duke University Press|location=Durham|isbn=978-0-8223-8121-1|page=283|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hNONyzwm420C|quote=''Mzansi'' is another black urban vernacular term popular with the youth and standing for South Africa.|editor-last=Nuttall|editor2-last=Mbembé|access-date=5 January 2016|archive-date=2 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502074447/https://books.google.com/books?id=hNONyzwm420C|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Mzansi DiToloki|url=http://www.deafsa.co.za/mzansi_ditoloki/|publisher=Deaf Federation of South Africa|access-date=15 January 2014|quote=uMzantsi in Xhosa means 'south', Mzansi means this country, South Africa|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116135926/http://www.deafsa.co.za/mzansi_ditoloki/|archive-date=16 January 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; halka xisbiyada qaar ee u dooda [[Pan-Africanism|Pan-Africanism]] ay doorbidaan ereyga &quot;[[Azania]]&quot;, oo ah erey asal ahaan ka yimid Giriigga, ee aan ahayn luqad Afrikaan ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;Azania&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/south-african-party-says-call-it-azania/1855679.html|title=South African Party Says Call Their Country 'Azania'|last=Taylor|first=Darren|newspaper=VOA|access-date=18 February 2017|language=en|archive-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624200956/http://www.voanews.com/content/south-african-party-says-call-it-azania/1855679.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist}}

{{Dalalka Afrika}}
[[Category:Wadamada Afrika]]</text>
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    <title>Ruushka</title>
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      <text bytes="128277" sha1="l27mhul2q6ae31354695cudsneirwwj" xml:space="preserve">'''Ruushka''' , ama '''Federaalka Ruushka''' ,  waa waddan ku baahsan Bariga [[Yurub]] iyo Waqooyiga [[Aasiya]] . Waa dalka ugu wayn aduunka , wuxuuna ku fidsan yahay kow iyo toban wakhti , wuxuuna xuduud dhuleed la wadaagaa afar iyo toban wadan .  In ka badan 140 milyan oo qof, Ruushku waa dalka ugu dadka badan Yurub waana waddanka sagaalaad ee ugu dadka badan adduunka . Waa waddan si heersare ah loo magaaleeyay , iyadoo lix iyo toban ka mid ah magaalooyinka ay deggan yihiin in ka badan 1 milyan oo qof. Moscow , oo ah magaalada ugu dadka badan [[Yurub]] , waa caasimadda iyo magaalada ugu weyn Ruushka , halka [[Saint Petersburg ]]ay tahay magaalada labaad ee ugu weyn iyo xarunta dhaqanka .{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Ruushka Federaalka
| common_name            = Ruushka
| linking_name           = Ruushka
| native_name            = {{native name|ru|Российская Федерация}}
| image_flag             = Flag of Russia.svg
| image_coat             = Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation.svg
| national_anthem        = &lt;br /&gt;{{nowrap|{{lang|ru|Государственный гимн Российской Федерации}}}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&quot;[[Heesta Gobolka ee Federaalka Ruushka]]&quot;{{center|[[File:National Anthem of Russia (2000), instrumental, one verse.ogg]]
}}
| image_map              = Russian Federation (orthographic projection) - All Territorial Disputes.svg
| map_width              = 250px
| map_caption            = Ruushka ee dunida.  Dhulalka lagu muransan yahay waxaa lagu muujiyay cagaar khafiif ah.{{Efn|[[Crimea]] was [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|annexed by Russia]] in 2014. However, it is still [[United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262|internationally seen]] as a part of Ukraine.&lt;ref name=&quot;dispute&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pifer |first=Steven |url=https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2020/03/17/crimea-six-years-after-illegal-annexation/ |title=Crimea: Six years after illegal annexation |publisher=[[Brookings Institute]] |date=17 March 2020 |access-date=30 November 2021 |archive-date=14 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414045104/https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2020/03/17/crimea-six-years-after-illegal-annexation/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson, and Zaporizhzhia oblasts were also [[Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts|annexed]] (but only partly controlled) in 2022. They are [[United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/4|internationally seen]] as a part of Ukraine. The southernmost [[Kuril Islands]] are claimed by both Japan and Russia after the Soviet occupation of the islands at the end of World War II.&lt;ref name=&quot;chapple-2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Chapple |first=Amos |title=The Kurile Islands: Why Russia And Japan Never Made Peace After World War II |date=4 January 2019 |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/the-disputed-islands-where-world-war-2-never-ended/28402307.html |access-date=26 January 2022 |publisher=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] |archive-date=8 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408173647/https://www.rferl.org/a/the-disputed-islands-where-world-war-2-never-ended/28402307.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| capital                = [[Moskow]]
| coordinates            = {{Coord|55|45|21|N|37|37|02|E|type:city}}
| largest_city           = capital
| languages_type         = Afka rasmiga ah iyo kan qaranka&lt;br /&gt;
| languages              = [[Af-Ruush|Ruush]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Russian&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last=Chevalier |first=Joan F. |title=Russian as the National Language: An Overview of Language Planning in the Russian Federation |jstor=43669126 |journal=Russian Language Journal |pages=25–36 |volume=56 |year=2006 |publisher=American Councils for International Education ACTR / ACCELS}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| languages2_type        = [[afka qaranka]]
| languages2             = Eeg [[Luqadaha Ruushka]]
| ethnic_groups          = {{unbulleted list
 | 71.7% [[Ruush|Ruush]]
 | 3.2% [[Tataarka|Tataarka]]
 | 1.1% [[Jeejniya|Jeejniya]]
 | 1.1% [[Bashkirs|Bashkir]]
 | 22.9% [[Qowmiyadaha Ruushka|Kuwa kale]] ama aan la sheegin
 }}
| ethnic_groups_year     = 2021, oo ay ku jiraan Ruushka iyo Crimea
| ethnic_groups_ref      = &lt;ref name=EthnicGroups2021&gt;{{cite web|title=Национальный состав населения|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Tom5_tab1_VPN-2020.xlsx|publisher=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Federal State Statistics Service]]|accessdate=30 December 2022|archive-date=30 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230204643/https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Tom5_tab1_VPN-2020.xlsx|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| demonym                = Ruush
| government_type        = [[Semi-madaxweyne|Jamhuuriyad isku dhafan]] hoos a [[kali talisnimo]] [[kalitalisnimo]]
| leader_title1          = [[Madaxweynaha Ruushka|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1           = [[Vladimir Putin]]
| leader_title2          = [[Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Ruushka|Ra'iisul Wasaare]]
| leader_name2           = [[Mikhail Mishustin]]
| leader_title3          = [[Guddoomiyaha Golaha Federaalka (Ruushka)|Afhayeenka&lt;br /&gt;Golaha Federaalka]]
| leader_name3           = [[Valentina Matviyenko]]
| leader_title4          = [[Guddoomiyaha Gobolka Duma|Afhayeenka&lt;br /&gt;Duma Gobolka]]
| leader_name4           = [[Vyacheslav Volodin]]
| leader_title5          = [[Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare ee Ruushka|Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare]]
| leader_name5           = [[Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Lebedev|Vyacheslav Lebedev]]
| legislature            = [[Aqalka Federaalka (Ruushka )|Aqalka Federaalka]]
| upper_house            = [[Golaha Federaalka (Russia)|Golaha Federaalka]]
| lower_house            = [[Duma Gobolka]]
| sovereignty_type       = [[Taariikhda Ruushka|Saameynta]]
| established_event1     = {{nowrap|[[Kievan Rus']]}}
| established_date1      = 882
| established_event2     = {{nowrap|[[Vladimir-Suzdal]]}}
| established_date2      = 1157
| established_event3     = [[Grand Duchy of Moscow|Grand Duchy of&lt;br&gt;Moscow]]
| established_date3      = 1282
| established_event4     = [[Boqortooyada Ruushka]]
| established_date4      = 16 January 1547
| established_event5     = [[Ruushka Empire]]
| established_date5      = 2 Nofeembar 1721
| established_event6     = {{nowrap|[[Kacaankii Febraayo|Boqortooyadii waa la baabi'iyay]]}}
| established_date6      = 15 March 1917
| established_event7     = {{nowrap|[[:en:Treaty on the Creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|Soviet Union]]}}
| established_date7      = 30 December 1922
| established_event8     = {{nowrap|[[:en:Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Declaration of State&lt;br&gt;Sovereignty]]}}
| established_date8      = 12 Juun1990
| established_event9     = {{nowrap|[[Belovezha Accords|Russian Federation]]}}
| established_date9      = 12 December 1991
| established_event10    = [[Dastuurka Ruushka|Dastuurka hadda jira]]
| established_date10     = 12 December 1993
| established_event11    = [[Gobolka Midowga|Dawlad-goboleedka la dhisay]]
| established_date11     = 8 December 1999
| area_km2               = 17098246
| area_footnote          = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/publications/pocketbook/files/world-stats-pocketbook-2016.pdf#page=182 |title=Buuga jeebka ee tirakoobka aduunka daabacaadda 2016 |publisher=Waaxda Dhaqaalaha iyo Arrimaha Bulshada ee Qaramada Midoobay.  Qaybta Tirakoobka |access-date=24 April 2018 |archive-date=4 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190804041700/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/publications/pocketbook/files/world-stats-pocketbook-2016.pdf#page=182 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; (gudaha xuduudaha caalamiga ah ee la aqoonsan yahay)
{{Convert|17,234,028|km2|abbr=on}} (oo ay ku jiraan dhulalka lagu muransan yahay)
| area_rank              = 1aad
| percent_water          = 13&lt;ref name=gen&gt;{{cite web |title=The Russian federation: general characteristics |url=http://www.gks.ru/scripts/free/1c.exe?XXXX09F.2.1/010000R |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728064121/http://www.gks.ru/scripts/free/1c.exe?XXXX09F.2.1%2F010000R |archive-date=28 July 2011 |website=Federal State Statistics Service |access-date=5 April 2008 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; (oo ay ku jiraan dhiiqo)
| population_estimate    = {{plainlist|
[[File:Increase Neutral.svg|12px|border]]  146,028,325 (oo ay ku jirto Crimea)&lt;ref name=&quot;census2021&quot;&gt;Including 2,482,450 people living on the [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|annexed]] [[Crimea|Crimean Peninsula]] {{cite web |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/vpn_popul |script-title=ru:Том 1. Численность и размещение населения |language=ru |work=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Russian Federal State Statistics Service]] |access-date=3 September 2022 |archive-date=24 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200124160257/http://rosstat.gov.ru/vpn_popul |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;gks.ru-popul&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/PrPopul2022_Site.xls |format=XLS |script-title=ru:Предварительная оценка численности постоянного населения на 1 января 2022 года и в среднем за 2021 год |trans-title=Preliminary estimated population as of 1 January 2022 and on the average for 2021 |language=ru |work=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Russian Federal State Statistics Service]] |access-date=30 January 2022 |archive-date=24 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324230246/https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/PrPopul2022_Site.xls |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
[[File:Increase Neutral.svg|12px|border]] 144,699,673
(marka laga reebo Crimea)&lt;ref name=&quot;gks.ru-popul&quot;/&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2025
| population_estimate_rank = 9aad
| population_density_km2 = 8.4
| population_density_sq_mi = 21.5
| population_density_rank = 181aad
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $7.192 tiriliyan&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEORU&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=&quot;https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april/weo-report?c=922,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2023&amp;ey=2030&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1title=&quot;Daabacaadda Muuqaalka Dhaqaalaha Adduunka, Abriil 2025. (Ruushka)&quot;|access-date=2023-05-05|archive-date=2023-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425152149/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April/weo-report?c=922,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2022&amp;ey=2022&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2025
| GDP_PPP_rank           =4aad 
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $49,383&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEORU&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =43aad
| GDP_nominal            = [[File:Decrease2.svg|12px|border]] $2.076 tiriliyan&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEORU&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2025
| GDP_nominal_rank       =11aad
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = [[File:Decrease2.svg|12px|border]]   $14,258&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEORU&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=&quot;https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april/weo-report?c=922,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2023&amp;ey=2030&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1|title=&quot;Daabacaadda Muuqaalka Dhaqaalaha Adduunka, Abriil 2025. (Ruushka)&quot;|language=en|website=ceicdata.com |date=2024-09-30|access-date=2024-12-27}} - Russia Monthly Earnings stood at US$924 in Sep 2024, compared with the previous figure of US$924 in Aug 2024.&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =65aad
| Gini                   = 36.0 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_year              = 2020
| Gini_change            = decrease &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref name=&quot;WBgini&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=RU |title=GINI index (World Bank estimate) – Russian Federation |publisher=World Bank |access-date=23 June 2022 |archive-date=13 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513214250/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=RU |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI                    = 0.832&lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_year               = 2023&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change             = increase &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2021/2022|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=8 September 2022|access-date=8 September 2022|archive-date=9 October 2022|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 52aad
| currency               = [[Russian ruble|Ruble]] ([[₽]])
| currency_code          = RUB
| utc_offset             = +2 to +12
| drives_on              = Sax
| calling_code           = [[Nambarada telefoonka ee Ruushka|+7]]
| cctld                  = {{unbulleted list |[[.ru]]|[[.рф]]}}
| religion_year          = 2023
| religion_ref           = &lt;ref name=&quot;Передача иконы «Троица» Русской православной церкви&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Передача иконы «Троица» Русской православной церкви|url=https://fom.ru/TSennosti/14888|publisher=Фонд Общественное Мнение, ФОМ (Public Opinion Foundation)|language=ru|date=22 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Передача иконы «Троица» Русской православной церкви–Tables&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Передача иконы «Троица» Русской православной церкви|url=https://fom.ru/posts/download/14888|publisher=Фонд Общественное Мнение, ФОМ (Public Opinion Foundation)|language=ru|date=22 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| religion               = {{ublist|item_style=white-space;|{{Tree list}}
* 62% [[Christianity in Russia|Christianity]]
** 61% [[Russian Orthodox Church|Russian Orthodoxy]]
** 1% other [[List of Christian denominations|Christian]]
{{Tree list/end}}| 24% [[Irreligion|no religion]]|5%  [[Islam in Russia|Islam]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Regional Division of Muslim population in Russia|work=Research Gate|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348448272|access-date=22 February 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;|2% [[Religion in Russia|other]] (including [[Buddhism in Russia|Buddhism]])|4% unanswered}}
}}Dejinta aadanaha ee dhulka Ruushka casriga ah waxay dib ugu soo noqotaa Paleolithic Hoose .Bariga Slavs waxay u soo baxeen koox la aqoonsan yahay Yurub intii u dhaxaysay qarniyadii 3aad iyo 8aad ee AD. Dawladdii ugu horreysay ee Bariga Slavic, Kievan Rus ' , waxay soo baxday qarnigii 9aad, 988, waxay qaadatay Masiixiyadda Ortodokska ee Boqortooyada Byzantine . Kievan Rus 'ugu dambeyntii wuu burburay; Grand Duchy ee [[Moskow]]                            ayaa horseeday midaynta dhulalka Ruushka, taasoo keentay in lagu dhawaaqo Tsardom ee Ruushka 1547. Horraantii qarnigii 18aad, Ruushku wuxuu si weyn u ballaariyay iyada oo la adeegsanayo qabsashadii, isku-darka, iyo dadaalka sahamiyeyaasha Ruushka , horumarinta Boqortooyada Ruushka , taas oo weli ah boqortooyadii saddexaad ee ugu weyn taariikhda . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kacaankii Ruushka ee 1917, taliskii Boqortooyada Ruushka waa la baabi'iyay oo ugu dambeyntii lagu beddelay Ruushka SFSR - dawladdii ugu horreysay ee dastuuri ah oo hantiwadaag ah . Ka dib Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Ruushka ,                                                      Ruushka SFSR wuxuu aasaasay Midowga Soofiyeeti oo leh saddex jamhuuriyadood oo kale oo Soofiyeedka , kaas oo ahaa kii ugu weynaa uguna muhiimsanaa. Midowgii Soofiyeeti waxa uu ku tallaabsaday warshadaynta degdega ah 1930-meeyadii , xilligaas oo ay malaayiin qof ku dhinteen taliskii Joseph Stalin , ka dibna waxa uu door muhiim ah ka qaatay xulafadii dagaalkii 2-aad ee adduunka isaga oo hormuud ka ahaa dedaallo ballaadhan oo dhinaca Bariga ah . Markii uu billowday. dagaalkii qaboobaa , waxa ay kula tartamaysay Maraykanka sidii ay fikrado iyo saamayn caalami ah ugu yeelan lahayd . Waagii Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee Qarnigii 20-aad waxa la arkay qaar ka mid ah guulihii teknoloojiyada ee Ruushku ugu mudnaa oo ay ka mid ahaayeen dayax-gacmeedkii ugu horreeyay ee bini’aadmigu sameeyo iyo duullaankii ugu horreeyay ee bani’aadamku ku galay hawada sare .Sannadkii 1991-kii, SFSR-ta Ruushka ayaa ka soo baxday burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti ee Ruushka.waxa uu ku lug lahaa tiro colaado ah oo ka dhacay dalalkii hore ee Soofiyeedka iyo dalal kale , oo ay ku jiraan dagaalkii uu la galay Georgia 2008 iyo dagaalkii uu kula jiray Ukraine tan iyo 2014. Kii dambe wuxuu ku lug lahaa la-qabsiga caalamiga ah ee aan la aqoonsanayn ee dhulka Yukreeniyaan, oo ay ku jiraan Crimea 2014 iyo afar gobol oo kale 2022 , intii lagu jiray duulaanka socda . Ruushka guud ahaan waxa lagu tiriyaa quwad weyn waana awood goboleed , waxa uu haystaa kaydka ugu badan ee hubka nukliyeerka iyo waxa uu leeyahay kharashka sadexaad ee ugu kharashka badan milatariga aduunka . Waxay leedahay dhaqaale aad u sarreeya oo ah kow iyo tobnaad ee ugu weyn adduunka marka loo eego GDP-ga magac ahaan iyo tan afraad ee ugu weyn PPP , iyada oo ku tiirsan kheyraadka badan ee macdanta iyo tamarta , taas oo ah kaalinta labaad ee ugu weyn adduunka ee wax soo saarka shidaalka iyo gaaska dabiiciga ah .Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Ruushku waxa uu aad ugu hooseeyaa cabbiraadda caalamiga ah ee dimoqraadiyadda , xuquuqul insaanka iyo xorriyadda saxaafadda , waxa kale oo uu leeyahay heerar sare oo musuqmaasuq la dareemo .Waa xubin joogta ah oo ka tirsan Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay ; dal xubin ka ah G20 , SCO , BRICS , APEC , OSCE , iyo WTO ; iyo dawlada xubinta ka ah ururada ka dambeeya Soviet-ka sida CIS , CSTO , iyo EAEU . Ruushku waxa uu hoy u yahay 32 goobood oo dhaxalka aduunka ee UNESCO

==Asalka erayga==
Sida laga soo xigtay Qaamuuska Ingiriisiga Oxford , magaca Ingiriisiga ee Ruushka ayaa markii ugu horreysay soo muuqday qarnigii 14aad, oo laga soo qaatay Latin Medieval : Russia , oo la isticmaali jiray qarnigii 11aad iyo inta badan ilo Ingiriis ah qarnigii 12aad, oo markeeda laga soo qaatay Ruushka , 'Ruushka' iyo daba-galka -ia . 
Waxaa jira erayo dhowr ah oo Ruush ah oo u tarjuma &quot;Ruushka&quot; Ingiriisiga. Magaca iyo sifada русский , russkiy waxa loola jeedaa qoomiyadda Ruushka . Sifada российский , rossiiskiy waxay tilmaamaysaa muwaadiniinta Ruushka iyada oo aan loo eegin qowmiyadda. Isla sidaas oo kale waxay khuseysaa magaca dhowaan la sameeyay ee россиянин , rossianyn , macnaha muwaadinka Ruushka. 
Magacyada ugu da'da weyn ee la adeegsaday waxay ahaayeen Rus ' ( Русь ) iyo &quot;Dhulka Ruushka&quot; ( Русская земля , Russkaya zemlya ). Sida laga soo xigtay Chronicle Primary , ereyga Rus ' wuxuu ka yimid dadka Ruushka , kuwaas oo ahaa qabiil Swedish ah , iyo halka ay ka yimaadeen saddexdii xubnood ee asalka ahaa ee reer Rurikid . Erayga Finnishka ee Iswiidhishka, ruotsi , wuxuu leeyahay asal isku mid ah.  Taariikhda casriga ah ee casriga ah, dawladdii dhexe ee dhexe ee bariga Slavic waxaa badanaa loo yaqaan Kievan Rus ' , oo lagu magacaabo caasimaddeeda.  Magaca kale ee Laatiinka dhexe ee Rus ' wuxuu ahaa Ruthenia . 
Ruushka, magaca hadda ee dalka, Россия ( Rossiya ), wuxuu ka yimid magaca Giriigga Byzantine Ρωσία ( Rosía ). Magaca Росия ( Rosiya ) ayaa markii ugu horreysay la xaqiijiyay 1387. Magaca Rossiya wuxuu ka soo muuqday ilaha Ruushka qarnigii 15aad wuxuuna bilaabay inuu beddelo Rus- ka-yaqaanka ' intii uu kor u kacday Moscow oo ah xarunta dhexe ee Ruushka midaysan.  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaa dhamaadkii qarnigii 17aad, dalka waxaa inta badan loo tixraaco dadka deggan sida Rus ' , &quot;Dhulka Ruushka&quot; ( Russkaya zemlya ), ama &quot;Muscovite state&quot; ( Moskovskoye gosudarstvo ), iyo kala duwanaansho kale. 
Sanadkii 1721, Peter The Great wuxuu ku dhawaaqay Boqortooyada Ruushka ( Rossiyskaya imperiya ). Magaca Rossiya waxa loo isticmaalay magaca guud ee Boqortooyada Ruushka ee caalamiga ah ka dibna dawladda Ruushka casriga ah.  Rossiya waxay ka soocday ethnonym russkiy , maadaama ay tilmaamayso aqoonsiga ka sarreeya, oo ay ku jiraan qowmiyadaha Ruushka. Ka dib Kacaankii Ruushka iyo ku dhawaaqista Ruushka SFSR ee 1918, &quot;Ruushka&quot; ee cinwaanka gobolka wuxuu ahaa Rossiyskaya , halkii Russkaya , sida hore u tilmaamaya dawlad caalami ah, halka kan dambe uu lahaa cabbir qowmiyadeed.  Ruushka casriga ah, magaca Rus ' ayaa wali lagu isticmaalaa gabayada ama tiraabta si loo tixraaco Ruushka da'da weyn ama nuxurka la malaynayo ee Ruushka. 
==Taariikhda==
===Taariikhda hore===
Degsiimadii ugu horreysay ee aadanaha ee Ruushka waxay dib ugu noqotaa xilligii Oldowan ee horraantii Paleolithic ee hoose . Qiyaastii 2 milyan oo sano ka hor, wakiilada Homo erectus waxay u haajireen Jasiiradda Taman ee koonfurta Ruushka. Qalabka Flint , qaar ka mid ah 1.5 milyan oo sano, ayaa laga helay Waqooyiga Caucasus .  Radiocarbon oo ku taariikhaysan muunado laga soo qaaday godka Denisova ee Buuraha Altai waxa ay qiyaaseen muunada Denisovan ee ugu da'da weyn waxa ay noolaayeen 195-122,700 sano ka hor. Fossils of Denny , isku-dhafka aadanaha qadiimiga ah oo ahaa kala badh Neanderthal iyo badh Denisovan, oo ku noolaa 90,000 oo sano ka hor, ayaa sidoo kale laga helay godka dambe. Ruushku wuxuu hoy u ahaa qaar ka mid ah kuwii ugu dambeeyay ee Neanderthals, laga soo bilaabo 45,000 oo sano ka hor, laga helay godka Mezmaiskaya . 
Raadraaca ugu horreeya ee bini'aadamka casriga ah ee Ruushka wuxuu dib ugu noqdaa 45,000 sano, Galbeedka Siberia .  Soo saarista hadhaaga dhaqameed ee sare ee bini'aadamka casriga ah , laga bilaabo ugu yaraan 40,000 sano ka hor, ayaa laga helay Kostyonki-Borschyovo , iyo Sungir , oo ku saabsan 34,600 sano ka hor - labadaba galbeedka Ruushka . Aadanuhu waxay gaadheen Arctic Russia ugu yaraan 40,000 oo sano ka hor, Mamontovaya Kurya . Dadka qadiimiga ah ee Waqooyiga Eurasian ee ka yimid Siberiya hiddo ahaan la mid ah dhaqanka Mal'ta-Buret' iyo Afontova Gora waxay ahaayeen qayb muhiim ah oo ka qaybqaata hidde - sideyaasha Ameerikaan hore iyo kuwa ugaadhsiga bari .
[[File:Yamnaya_Steppe_Pastoralists.jpg|thumb|Faafinta Da'da Bronze ee Yamnaya Steppe awowgii xoola-dhaqatada intii u dhaxaysay 3300 iyo 1500 BC, [ 44 ] oo ay ku jiraan dhaqanka Afanasievo ee koonfurta Siberia]]
Mala -awaalka Kurgan wuxuu dhigayaa gobolka Volga-Dnieper ee koonfurta Ruushka iyo Ukraine sida urheimat ee Proto-Indo-Yurub .  Hijriyadii hore ee Indo-Yurub ee ka yimid Pontic-Caspian steppe ee Ukraine iyo Ruushka ayaa ku faafay abtirsiinta Yamnaya iyo luqadaha Indo-Yurub ee qaybo badan oo Eurasia ah.  Xoolo-dhaqatada reer-guuraaga ah ayaa ka soo baxay Pontic-Caspian steppe oo ka bilaabmaya Chalcolithic .  ​​Hadhaagii ilbaxnimooyinkan dalagyada ah ayaa laga helay meelo ay ka mid yihiin Ipatovo ,  Sintashta ,  Arkaim , iyo Pazyryk , kuwaas oo xambaarsan raadadkii ugu horreeyay ee fardaha dagaalka . Qurxinta hidda-socodka ee ku hadla qoyska luqadda Uralic ee waqooyiga Yurub waxaa qaabeeyey haajirin ka yimid Siberiya oo bilaabmay ugu yaraan 3,500 sano ka hor. 
Qarnigii 3-aad ilaa 4-aad ee AD, boqortooyadii Gothic ee Oium waxay ka jirtay koonfurta Ruushka, taas oo markii dambe uu qabsaday Huns . Intii u dhaxaysay qarniyadii 3aad iyo 6aad AD, Boqortooyada Bosporan , taas oo ahayd siyaasad Hellenistic ah oo ku guulaysatay gumeysigii Giriigga,  ayaa sidoo kale laga adkaaday duullaankii reer-guuraaga ahaa ee ay hogaaminayeen qabaa'ilka dagaalka sida Huns iyo Eurasian Avars . Khazars , kuwaas oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Turki , waxay xukumayeen jaranjarooyinka u dhexeeya Caucasus ee koonfurta, bari ee soo dhaaftay webiga Volga, iyo galbeedka ilaa Kyiv ee wabiga Dnieper ilaa qarnigii 10aad.  Iyaga ka dib waxaa yimid Pechenegs oo abuuray isbahaysi weyn, ka dibna waxaa la wareegay Cuman iyo Kipchak . 
Awowayaasha Ruushka waxay ka mid yihiin qabiilooyinka Slavic ee ka soocay Proto-Indo-Yurub, kuwaas oo ka soo muuqday waqooyiga bari ee Yurub c.  1500  sano ka hor.  Bariga Slavs waxay si tartiib tartiib ah u degeen galbeedka Ruushka (qiyaastii inta u dhaxaysa Moscow casriga iyo Saint-Petersburg ) laba mowjadood: mid ka soo guuray Kiev oo u socda Suzdal iyo Murom maanta iyo mid kale oo ka yimid Polotsk oo ku wajahan Novgorod iyo Rostov . Kahor socdaalka Slavic, dhulkaas waxaa ku noolaa dadka Finno-Ugrian ah . Laga soo bilaabo qarnigii 7aad wixii ka dambeeyay, Slavs-ka soo gala Bariga Slavs ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u milmay Finno-Ugrian-ka asalka ah
===Kievan Rus===
[[File:Kievan-rus-1015-1113-(en).png|thumb|Kievan Rus ' ka dib markii Golaha Liubech ee 1097]]
Aasaaskii dawladihii ugu horeeyey ee bariga Slavic qarnigii 9aad waxay ku soo beegantay imaatinka Varangians , Vikings kuwaas oo ku hawlanaa marin biyoodka oo ka bilaabmaya bariga Baltic ilaa badaha madow iyo Caspian .  Sida laga soo xigtay taariikhda asaasiga ah , Varangian oo ka soo jeeda dadka Ruushka , oo lagu magacaabo Rurik , ayaa loo doortay taliyaha Novgorod 862. 882, ku xigeenkiisii ​​Oleg wuxuu u soo baxay koonfurta oo uu qabsaday Kiev , kaas oo horay u bixin jiray cashuurta Khazars . Ina Rurik Igor iyo ina Igor ee Sviatoslav ka dib markii ay hoos u dhigeen dhammaan qabaa'ilka Bariga Slavic maxalliga ah xukunkii Kievan, baabbi'iyey Khazar Khaganate, oo bilaabay dhowr safar military Bulgaria , Byzantium iyo Faaris . 
Qarnigii 10-aad ilaa 11-aad, Kievan Rus waxay noqotay mid ka mid ah dawladaha ugu waaweyn uguna barwaaqada badan Yurub. Boqortooyada Vladimir Great (980-1015) iyo wiilkiisa Yaroslav Wise (1019-1054) waxay ka kooban yihiin Da'da Dahabiga ah ee Kiev, kaas oo arkay aqbalaadda Masiixiyadda Ortodokska ee Byzantium , iyo abuurista koodhka sharciga ah ee ugu horreeya ee Slavic qoran , Russkaya Pravda .  Waxaa yimid da'dii feudalism iyo maamul-daadejinta, oo lagu asteeyay dagaal joogto ah oo u dhexeeya xubnaha Rurik dynasty ee xukumay Kievan Rus 'si wadajir ah. Awooddii Kiev ayaa hoos u dhacday, iyadoo ay faa'iido u tahay Vladimir-Suzdal ee waqooyi-bari, Jamhuuriyadda Novgorod ee waqooyiga, iyo Galicia-Volhynia ee koonfur-galbeed.  Qarnigii 12aad, Kiev waxay lumisay sumcaddeedii hore iyo Kievan Rus 'waxay u kala qaybsantay maamulo kala duwan. Amiir Andrey Bogolyubsky wuxuu ceyriyay Kiev 1169 wuxuuna ka dhigay Vladimir saldhiggiisa,  taasoo keentay in awoodda siyaasadeed loo wareejiyo waqooyi-bari. 
Hogaamiye Prince Alexander Nevsky , Novgorodiyaanku waxay iska celiyeen iswiidhishkii soo duulay ee Battle of Neva ee 1240, iyo sidoo kale saliibiyiinta Jarmalka ee Battle on the Ice 1242.
Kievan Rus 'ugu dambeyntii waxay ku dhacday duullaankii Mongol ee 1237-1240, taas oo keentay in Kiev iyo magaalooyinka kale laga ceyriyo, iyo sidoo kale dhimashada qayb weyn oo ka mid ah dadweynaha. Soo duulay, oo markii dambe loo yaqaanay Tataarka , ayaa sameeyay dawladdii Horde Golden , oo ka talinaysay Ruushka labadii qarni ee xigay.  Kaliya Jamhuuriyadda Novgorod ayaa ka baxsatay qabsashadii shisheeye ka dib markii ay ogolaatay in ay bixiso abaalmarinta Mongols. Galicia-Volhynia waxaa mar dambe nuugi doona Lithuania iyo Poland , halka Jamhuuriyadda Novgorod ay sii waday inay barwaaqowdo waqooyiga. Waqooyi-bari, dhaqamada Byzantine-Slavic ee Kievan Rus' ayaa loo habeeyey si ay u sameeyaan dawlad madaxbannaan oo Ruush ah
===Maamulka Sare ee Moscow===
[[File:Lissner_TroiceSergievaLavr.jpg|thumb|Sergius of Radonezh ducada Dmitry Donskoy ee Trinity Sergius Lavra , ka hor Battle of Kulikovo , oo lagu sawiray rinjiyeynta Ernst Lissner]]
Burburkii Kievan Rus wuxuu arkay kor u kaca ugu dambeyntii ee maamulka Grand ee Moscow , oo markii hore qayb ka ah Vladimir-Suzdal .11-20  Iyadoo ay weli hoos timaad magaca Mongol - Tataarka iyo iyaga oo kaashanaya, Moscow waxay bilowday inay muujiso saamaynta ay ku leedahay gobolka horraantii qarnigii 14aad, si tartiib tartiib ah u noqotey xoogga hogaaminaya &quot;ururinta dhulalka Ruushka&quot;.  Markii kursiga Metropolitan ee Kaniisadda Ortodokska ee Ruushka uu u guuray Moscow 1325, saameynteedu way korodhay. Moscow xafiiltanka ugu dambeeya, Jamhuuriyadda Novgorod , waxay ku barwaaqowday xarunta ganacsiga dhogorta iyo dekedda bari ee Hanseatic League . 
Waxaa hogaaminayay Prince Dmitry Donskoy ee Moscow, ciidamada midaysan ee maamulayaasha Ruushka waxay jabiyeen Mongol - Tataarka Dagaalkii Kulikovo 1380 . 
Ivan III (&quot;The Great&quot;) ayaa iska tuuray gacan ku haynta Horde Golden wuxuuna helay madax-bannaanida dhulalka qowmiyadeed ee Ruushka;  Kadib wuxuu qaatay magaca madax-banaanida Ruushka oo dhan . Kadib dhicitaankii Constantinople ee 1453, Moscow waxay sheegatay dhaxalka dhaxalka Boqortooyada Roomaanka Bari . Ivan III wuxuu guursaday Sophia Palaiologina , ina-abtidii boqorkii Byzantine ee ugu dambeeyay Constantine XI , wuxuuna ka dhigay gorgorka Byzantine laba madax leh isaga u gaar ah, ugu dambeyntiina Ruushka, jaakad-hubka.  Vasili III wuxuu mideeyay dhammaan Ruushka isagoo ku biiray dhowrkii dowladood ee ugu dambeeyay ee madaxbannaanida Ruushka horaantii qarnigii 16aad. 
===Boqortooyada Ruushka===
[[File:Ivan_grozny_frame.jpg|thumb|Ivan IV wuxuu ahaa amiirkii Grand ee Moscow laga bilaabo 1533 ilaa 1547, ka dibna Tsar ee Ruushka ilaa dhimashadiisa 1584.]]
Horumarinta fikradaha Rome ee Saddexaad , amiirkii weynaa Ivan IV (&quot;The Terrible&quot;) ayaa si rasmi ah loogu caleemo saaray boqortooyadii ugu horreysay ee Ruushka oo dhan 1547. tsar wuxuu ku dhawaaqay xeer cusub oo sharci ah ( Sudebnik of 1550 ), wuxuu aasaasay ururkii ugu horreeyay ee feudal Ruushka ah ( Zemsky Sobor ), dib u habeyn lagu sameeyay militariga, wuxuu xakameeyay saameynta dowladda hoose iyo dib u habeynta.  Intii lagu jiray xukunkiisii ​​​​dheeraa, Ivan wuxuu ku dhawaaday inuu labanlaabo dhulkii hore ee weynaa ee Ruushka isagoo ku daray saddexda Tatar khanate: Kazan iyo Astrakhan oo weheliya Volga , iyo Khanate of Sibir ee koonfur-galbeed ee Siberia. Ugu dambeyntii, dhamaadkii qarnigii 16aad, Ruushku wuxuu ballaariyay bariga buuraha Ural . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Tsardom waxaa wiiqay dagaalkii dheeraa ee Livonian-ka ee aan lagu guulaysan ee ka soo horjeeda isbahaysiga Boqortooyada Poland iyo Grand Duchy ee Lithuania (kadibna midowga Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ), Boqortooyada Iswidhan , iyo Danmark-Norway si ay u helaan xeebaha Baltic iyo ganacsiga badda.  Sannadkii 1572-kii, ciidan soo duulay oo Tataarka Crimean ah ayaa si buuxda loogu jabiyay dagaalkii muhiimka ahaa ee Molodi .
[[File:Fedor_chertezh.jpeg|thumb|Khariidadda Feodor Godunov ee Ruushka, sida uu daabacay Hessel Gerritsz 1614]]
Dhimashada wiilasha Ivan waxay calaamad u tahay dhamaadka boqortooyadii hore ee Rurik ee 1598, iyo marka lagu daro abaartii masiibada ahayd ee 1601-1603 , waxay horseedday dagaal sokeeye, xukunkii is yeelyeelka, iyo faragelin shisheeye intii lagu jiray Waqtigii Dhibaatooyinka horaantii qarnigii 17aad.  Polish -Lithuanian Commonwealth , oo ka faa'iidaysanay, ayaa qabsaday qaybo ka mid ah Ruushka, oo ku fiday caasimadda Moscow. Sannadkii 1612, Booliisku waxay ku qasbanaadeen inay dib u gurtaan kooxihii iskaa wax u qabso ee Ruushka, oo ay hogaaminayeen ganacsade Kuzma Minin iyo amiir Dmitry Pozharsky .  Boqortooyada Romanov waxay ku raacday carshiga 1613 go'aanka Zemsky Sobor, waddankuna wuxuu bilaabay inuu si tartiib tartiib ah uga soo kabsado dhibaatada. 
Ruushku wuxuu sii waday kobaca dhulkiisa ilaa qarnigii 17aad, kaas oo ahaa da'da Cossacks .  Sannadkii 1654, hoggaamiyaha Yukreeniyaan, Bohdan Khmelnytsky , wuxuu soo bandhigay in Ukraine la hoos geeyo ilaalinta Ruushka tsar, Alexis , kaas oo aqbalitaanka dalabkaas uu horseeday dagaal kale oo Russo-Polish ah . Ugu dambeyntii, Ukraine ayaa la kala qaybiyay Dnieper , oo ka tagay qaybta bari, ( Bankiga bidix ee Ukraine iyo Kiev ) ee hoos yimaada xukunka Ruushka.  Bariga, sahaminta degdega ah ee Ruushka iyo gumeysiga ee Siberian ballaaran ayaa sii waday, ugaarsiga dhogorta qiimaha leh iyo fool maroodiga. Sahamiyayaashii Ruushku waxay u riixeen dhinaca bari ee ugu horrayn ee Wabiga Siberiya , iyo badhtamihii qarnigii 17aad, waxaa jiray degsiimooyin Ruush ah oo ku yaal bariga Siberiya, Jasiiradda Chukchi oo ku taal webiga Amur , iyo xeebta Badweynta Baasifigga. Sannadkii 1648, Semyon Dezhnyov wuxuu noqday Yurubigii ugu horreeyay ee mara marinka Bering Strait.
===Imperial Ruushka===
Intii uu joogay Peter the Great , Ruushka waxaa lagu dhawaaqay boqortooyo 1721, wuxuuna isu taagay inuu noqdo mid ka mid ah quwadaha waaweyn ee Yurub. Intii u dhaxaysay 1682 ilaa 1725, Peter wuxuu ka adkaaday Iswidhan dagaalkii weynaa ee Waqooyiga (1700-1721), isaga oo hubinaya helitaanka Ruushka ee ganacsiga badda iyo badda. Sanadkii 1703, Badda Baltic, Peter wuxuu aasaasay Saint Petersburg inay noqoto caasimadda cusub ee Ruushka. Inta lagu jiro xukunkiisa, dib-u-habeyn ballaaran ayaa la sameeyay , taas oo saameyn weyn ku leh dhaqanka Galbeedka Yurub ee Ruushka.  Waxaa ku xigtay Catherine I (1725-1727), waxaa ku xigay Peter II (1727-1730), iyo Anna . Boqortooyada Peter I gabadhiisa Elizabeth 1741-1762 waxay aragtay ka qaybqaadashada Ruushka ee Dagaalkii Toddobada Sano (1756-1763). Intii lagu jiray iskahorimaadka, ciidamada Ruushku waxay ka gudbeen Bariga Prussia , iyagoo gaaray Berlin.  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhimashadii Elizabeth, dhammaan guulahaas waxaa lagu soo celiyay Boqortooyada Prussia by pro-Prussian Peter III ee Ruushka .
[[File:Growth_of_Russia_1547-1725.png|thumb|Balaadhinta iyo horumarka dhuleed ee Ruushka laga soo bilaabo boqornimada Ivan IV ilaa dhimashadii Peter I]]
Catherine II (&quot;The Great&quot;), oo xukuntay 1762-1796, ayaa madax ka ahayd da'da Ruushka ee iftiinka . Waxay ku kordhisay xukunka siyaasadeed ee Ruushka ee ku saabsan Commonwealth-ka Lithuania oo ay ku dartay inta badan dhulalkeeda Ruushka , taasoo ka dhigtay waddanka ugu dadka badan Yurub. Koonfurta, ka dib dagaalladii Russo-Turkiga ee lagu guulaystay ee ka dhanka ahaa Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta , Catherine waxay horumarisay soohdinta Ruushka ilaa Badda Madow, iyada oo kala dirtay Crimean Khanate , oo ku darsatay Crimean . Natiijadii guulihii laga gaaray Qajar Iran oo loo maray dagaalladii Ruushka iyo Faaris , qeybtii hore ee qarnigii 19aad, Ruushku sidoo kale wuxuu qabsaday Caucasus .  Beddela Catherine, wiilkeeda Paul , wuxuu ahaa mid aan degganayn oo inta badan diiradda saaray arrimaha gudaha .  Ka dib xukunkiisii ​​​​gaabnaa, Catherine istiraatijiyad ayaa la sii waday Alexander I 's (1801-1825) ee Finland ka soo horjeeda Iswidhan daciifka ah 1809,  iyo Bessarabia oo ka yimid Cusmaaniyiinta 1812. Waqooyiga Ameerika, Ruushku waxay noqdeen reer Yurub ee ugu horreeya ee Alaska gaadha oo gumaysta .  Sannadkii 1803-1806, wareeggii ugu horreeyay ee Ruushka ayaa la sameeyay. Sannadkii 1820-kii, duullaan Ruush ah ayaa helay qaaradda Antarctica 
===Awood weyn iyo horumarinta bulshada, sayniska, iyo farshaxanka===
[[File:Napoleons retreat from Moscow by Adolph Northen.jpg|thumb|Ka-noqoshada Napoleon ee Moscow ee Albrecht Adam (1851)]]
Intii lagu jiray dagaalladii Napoleonic , Ruushku wuxuu ku biiray xulafada quwadaha Yurub ee kala duwan, wuxuuna la dagaallamay Faransiiska. Duullaankii Faransiisku ku qaaday Ruushka ee joogitaanka awoodda Napoleon ee 1812 wuxuu gaadhay Moscow, laakiin ugu dambeyntii wuu ku guuldareystay markii iska caabin adag oo lagu daray qabowgii Ruushka ee qadhaadhka ahaa ayaa horseeday guuldarro xun oo soo weerartay, kaas oo Pan-European Grande Armée uu la kulmay burbur weyn. Waxaa hogaaminayay Mikhail Kutuzov iyo Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly , Ciidanka Imperial ee Ruushka ayaa ka saaray Napoleon waxayna kaxeeyeen Yurub oo dhan Dagaalkii Isbahaysiga Lixaad , ugu dambeyntii waxay galeen Paris.  Alexander I ayaa gacanta ku hayay ergada Ruushka ee Congress-ka Vienna , kaas oo qeexay Khariidadda Yurub ka dib Napoleon. 
Saraakiishii Napoleon ka daba-tagay Galbeedka Yurub waxay keeneen fikradaha xorriyadda dib-u-celinta Ruushka, waxayna isku dayeen inay xakameeyaan awoodaha Tsar intii lagu jiray kacdoonkii Decembrist ee 1825. Dhammaadkii xukunkii konserfatifka ee Nicholas I (1825-1855), xilliga zenith ee awoodda Ruushka, waxay carqaladaysay dagaalkii Crimean ee Yurub
===Dib-u-habaynta liberaaliga ah iyo hanti-wadaaga===
[[File:The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak,_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG|200px|Battle of Shipka Pass oo loogu talagalay xakamaynta marinka muhiimka ah ee Shipka Pass inta lagu guda jiro 1877-1878 Dagaalkii Russo-Turki]]
Ku-xigeenka Nicholas Alexander II (1855-1881) wuxuu sameeyay isbedello la taaban karo oo dalka oo dhan ah, oo ay ku jiraan dib-u-habaynta xoraynta ee 1861 .  Dib-u-habayntani waxay kicisay warshadaynta, waxayna casriyaysay ciidamadii Imperial ee Ruushka, kuwaas oo inta badan Balkanka ka xoreeyay xukunkii Cusmaaniyiinta wixii ka dambeeyay dagaalkii 1877-1878 ee Ruushka iyo Turkiga .  Intii lagu jiray inta badan qarnigii 19-aad iyo horraantii 20th, Ruushka iyo Ingiriiska waxay ku heshiiyeen Afgaanistaan ​​iyo dhulalka deriska la ah ee Bartamaha iyo Koonfurta Aasiya; xifaaltankii u dhexeeyay labada boqortooyo ee waaweyn ee reer Yurub waxa loo yiqiin ciyaartii waynayd . 
Dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19-aad waxaa dalka Ruushka ka socday dhaqdhaqaaqyo kala duwan oo hantiwadaag ah. Alexander II waxaa dilay sanadkii 1881 argagixisadii kacaanka.  Boqorkii wiilkiisa Alexander III (1881-1894) wuu ka xoroobay laakiin wuu nabad badnaa

===Boqortooyada Dastuuriga ah iyo Dagaalkii Adduunka===
Intii uu jiray boqorkii Ruushka ee u dambeeyay, Nicholas II (1894-1917), Kacaankii 1905 waxaa kiciyay guuldaradii bahdilaadda ahayd ee Dagaalkii Russo-Japanese .  Kacdoonka waa la dejiyay, laakiin dawladda ayaa lagu qasbay inay ogolaato dib-u-habeyn weyn ( Dastuurkii Ruushka ee 1906 ), oo ay ku jiraan bixinta xorriyadda hadalka iyo isu imaatinka , sharciyeynta xisbiyada siyaasadda, iyo abuurista hay'ad sharci-dejin oo la soo doortay, Gobolka Duma 
===Kacaan iyo dagaal sokeeye===
[[File:Russian_Imperial_Family_1913.jpg|thumb|250px|Boqorka Nicholas II ee Ruushka iyo Romanovs waxaa dilay Bolsheviks 1918|]]
1914kii, Ruushku waxa uu galay dagaalkii 1aad ee aduunka isaga oo ka jawaabaya ku dhawaaqistii Austraia-Hungary ee dagaalka ka dhanka ah Ruushka ee xulafada la ah Serbia , waxana uu ka dagaalamay wajiyo badan isaga oo ka go'doonsan xulafadiisa Triple Entente .  Sannadkii 1916kii, Weerarkii Brusilov ee Ciidanka Imperial ee Ruushka wuxuu ku dhawaaday inuu gebi ahaanba burburiyo Ciidanka Austro-Hungary .  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kalsooni darada dadweynaha ee hore u jirtay ee taliska ayaa sii xoojisay kharashka dagaalka, khasaaraha badan , iyo xanta musuqmaasuqa iyo khiyaanada. Waxaas oo dhami waxay sameeyeen jawiga Kacaankii Ruushka ee 1917, oo lagu fuliyay laba fal oo waaweyn. Horraantii 1917, Nicholas II waxaa lagu qasbay inuu ka tago ; isaga iyo qoyskiisuba waa la xidhxidhay oo markii dambe lagu fuliyay dagaalkii sokeeye ee Ruushka .  Boqortooyada waxaa bedelay isbahaysi gariiraya oo xisbiyo siyaasadeed ah oo ku dhawaaqay inay yihiin Dawlad Ku-meel-gaar ah ,  kuna dhawaaqay Jamhuuriyadda Ruushka . 19kii Janaayo [ OS 6 January], 1918, Golaha Deegaanka ee Ruushka wuxuu ku dhawaaqay Ruushka jamhuuriyad federaal dimuqraadi ah (sidaas darteed ansixinta go'aanka Dawladda Ku-meel-gaarka ah). Maalintii xigtay Golaha Deegaanka waxaa kala diray Golaha Dhexe ee Ruushka oo dhan . 
Aasaasi kale oo hantiwadaag ah ayaa wada jirtey, Petrograd Soofiyeeti , oo awood u adeegsaneysa golayaasha sida dimuqraadiga ah loo soo doortay ee shaqaalaha iyo beeralayda, oo loo yaqaan Soviets . Xukunka maamullada cusubi waxa uu sii xumeeyey dhibaatadii dalka ka jirtay, halkii laga xalin lahaa, aakhirkii, Kacaankii Oktoobar , oo uu hoggaaminayey hoggaamiyihii Bolshevik Vladimir Lenin , waxa uu afgambiyey Dawladdii Ku-meel-gaadhka ahayd, waxana uu awood maamul oo buuxda siiyey Midowga Soofiyeeti, taas oo horseedday abuuritaanka dawlad hantiwadaag ah oo ugu horreysa adduunka . Dagaalkii sokeeye ee Ruushku wuxuu ka dhex qarxay dhaqdhaqaaqa cad ee shuuci-diidka ah iyo Bolsheviks oo wata ciidankeeda cas .  Ka dib markii la saxiixay Heshiiskii Brest-Litovsk ee soo gabagabeeyey colaadaha Quwadaha Dhexe ee Dagaalkii Adduunka 1aad , Bolshevist Ruushku waxay isku dhiibeen inta badan dhulalkeeda galbeedka, kuwaas oo martigeliyay 34% dadkeeda, 54% warshadaheeda, 32% dhulkeeda beeralayda, iyo 90% qallafsanaanteeda.
[[File:Vladimir_Lenin_Speech_in_May_1920.jpg|thumb|Vladimir Lenin wuxuu ka hadlayaa Moscow, 1920, iyadoo Leon Trotsky uu ku tiirsan yahay masraxa]]
Dawladaha xulafada ahi waxay bilaabeen faragelin ciidan oo aan lagu guulaysan oo ay ku taageerayaan xoogaga ka soo horjeeda shuuciga.  Dhanka kale, labada Bolsheviks iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa Caddaan waxay qaadeen ololeyaal masaafurin iyo dil midba midka kale ah, oo loo yaqaan sida ay u kala horreeyaan Argagaxisada Cas iyo Argagixisada Cad . Dhammaadkii dagaalkii sokeeye ee rabshadaha watay, dhaqaalihii Ruushka iyo kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha ayaa si weyn loo waxyeeleeyay, iyo in ka badan 10 milyan ayaa ku dhintay intii uu socday dagaalka, inta badan rayid.  Malaayiin waxay noqdeen White émigrés ,  iyo macluushii Ruushka ee 1921-1922 waxay sheegteen ilaa shan milyan oo dhibanayaal ah.

===Midowgii Soofiyeeti===
[[File:Russian SFSR in Soviet Union (1936).svg|Meesha uu ku yaalay Ruushka SFSR (casaan) gudaha Midowgii Soofiyeeti 1936kii]]
===Taliska dhaqaalaha iyo bulshada Soofiyeedka===
30kii Diseembar 1922, Lenin iyo kaaliyayaashiisu waxay samaysteen Midowga Soofiyeeti , iyagoo ku biiray Ruushka SFSR oo ay noqdeen hal dawlad oo leh Byelorussian , Transcaucasian , iyo jamhuuriyadaha Yukreeniyaan . Ugu dambeyntii isbeddelka xuduudaha gudaha iyo isku-darka intii lagu jiray dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka ayaa abuuray urur ka kooban 15 jamhuuriyada , tirada ugu weyn iyo tirada dadka waa Ruushka SFSR, kaas oo xukumay midowga siyaasad ahaan, dhaqan ahaan, iyo dhaqaale ahaanba. 
Ka dib dhimashadii Lenin ee 1924, troika ayaa loo qoondeeyay inuu masuul ka noqdo. Ugu dambeyntii Joseph Stalin , Xoghayaha Guud ee Xisbiga Shuuciga , wuxuu ku guuleystey inuu caburiyo dhammaan kooxaha mucaaradka oo uu ku xoojiyo awoodda gacantiisa si uu u noqdo kaligii-taliyihii dalka 1930-kii. Leon Trotsky , oo ah taageeraha ugu weyn ee kacaanka adduunka , ayaa laga soo masaafuriyay Midowga Soofiyeeti 1929,  iyo fikradda Stalin ee Socialism in One Country waxay noqotay khadka rasmiga ah.  Halgankii gudaha ee sii socday ee xisbiga Bolshevik wuxuu ku dhammaaday nadiifin weyn . 
===Stalinism iyo casriyeynta===
[[File:Telegram_Stalin_STZ.jpg|thumb|Hambalyo uu diray Joseph Stalin oo ku saabsan furitaanka Stalingrad Tractor Plant]]
Intii uu hogaaminayay Stalin , dawladdu waxay bilawday dhaqaalaha taliska , warshadaynta dalka oo u badan miyiga , iyo ururinta beeralayda . Inta lagu jiro muddadan isbeddelka dhaqaale iyo bulsho ee degdegga ah, malaayiin dad ah ayaa loo diray xeryaha shaqada ciqaabta , oo ay ku jiraan dad badan oo lagu xukumay siyaasadeed oo lagu tuhunsan yahay ama mucaaradka dhabta ah ee xukunka Stalin,  iyo malaayiin ayaa la tarxiilay oo loo masaafuriyey meelaha fog ee Midowga Soofiyeeti. Habaynta ku meel gaadhka ah ee beeraha dalka, oo ay weheliso siyaasadaha qallafsan ee dawladda iyo abaarta,  waxay keentay abaartii Soofiyeedka ee 1932-1933 , taas oo dishay 5.7 ilaa 8.7 milyan, 3.3 milyan oo iyaga ka mid ah ayaa ku jiray Ruushka SFSR. Midowgii Soofiyeeti, ugu dambeyntii, wuxuu sameeyay isbeddelka qaaliga ah ee ka yimid dhaqaalihii ugu badnaa ee beeralayda ilaa xarun warshadeed oo weyn muddo gaaban gudaheed. 
===Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka iyo Qaramada Midoobay===
[[File:Ленинград блокадный. Им обеим 30 лет.jpg|thumb|Laba gabdhood oo da'yar ayaa soo ururiyay qoryaha PPD-40 intii lagu jiray go'doominta Leningrad 1942]]
[[File:RIAN_archive_602161_Center_of_Stalingrad_after_liberation.jpg|thumb|Dagaalkii Stalingrad , oo ahaa dagaalkii ugu weynaa uguna dhiigga badnaa taariikhda dagaalka, wuxuu dhammaaday 1943-kii isagoo guul muhiim ah ka gaaray ciidamadii Jarmalka]]
Midowgii Soofiyeeti waxa uu galay dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka 17kii Sebtembar 1939kii markii uu ku duulay Poland ,  iyada oo la raacayo hab-maamuuska sirta ah ee heshiiskii Molotov-Ribbentrop ee Nazi Germany .  Midowgii Soofiyeeti ayaa markii dambe ku duulay Finland , wuxuuna qabsaday oo la wareegay dalalka Baltic-ga  iyo weliba qaybo ka mid ah Romania .  : 91-95  22 Juun 1941, Jarmalku wuxuu soo duulay Midowga Soofiyeeti ,  wuxuu furay Jabhadda Bari , tiyaatarka ugu weyn ee Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka.  : 7 
Ugu dambayntii, ilaa 5 milyan oo askari oo ka tirsan ciidanka cas ayaa Naasigu qabsaday; 272  kan dambe wuxuu si badheedh ah u dilay gaajo ama si kale u dilay 3.3 milyan oo POWs Soviet , iyo tiro badan oo rayid ah, sida &quot; Qorshaha Gaajada &quot; uu doonayay inuu fuliyo Generalplan Ost . 175–186  Inkasta oo Wehrmacht ay hore u guulaysteen, weerarkooda waxa la hakiyay dagaalkii Moscow . Ka dib , Jarmalku waxay la kulmeen guuldarooyin waaweyn markii ugu horeysay ee Battle of Stalingrad ee jiilaalka 1942-1943, ka dibna Dagaalkii Kursk ee xagaaga 1943 . waxaa soo gaaray gaajo iyo in ka badan hal milyan oo dhimasho ah, laakiin waligood isma dhiibin. Ciidamada Soofiyeedka ayaa ku qulqulay Bariga iyo Bartamaha Yurub 1944-1945 waxayna qabsadeen Berlin May 1945.  Bishii Agoosto 1945, Ciidanka Cas ayaa weeraray Manchuria waxayna ka saareen Jabbaan Waqooyi Bari Aasiya, taas oo gacan ka geysatay guushii Isbahaysiga ee Japan. 
Muddadii 1941-1945 ee Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka waxa Ruushka looga yaqaannaa Dagaalkii Waddaniga weynaa . Midowga Soofiyeeti, oo ay weheliyaan Maraykanka, Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Shiinaha ayaa loo tixgeliyey afartii ugu weynaa ee quwadaha isbahaysiga ee dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka, ka dibna waxay noqdeen afar booliis , kuwaas oo aasaas u ahaa Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay . 27  Intii uu dagaalku socday, dhimashada rayidka Soofiyeedka iyo milatarigu waxay ahayd qiyaastii 26-27 milyan ,taasoo ka dhigan kala badh dhammaan dhaawacyadii dagaalkii labaad ee Adduunka .295  Dhaqaalaha Soofiyeedka iyo kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha waxaa soo gaaray burbur aad u weyn, taas oo sababtay abaartii Soofiyeedka 1946-1947 .Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kharashka badan ee allabari, Midowga Soofiyeeti wuxuu u soo baxay inuu yahay awood caalami ah. 
===Awood sare iyo dagaal qabow===
[[File:Yalta_Conference_(Churchill,_Roosevelt,_Stalin)_(B%26W).jpg|thumb|Saddexda Waaweyn ee Shirkii Yalta ee Febraayo 1945, Viinstoon Shuurshiil Franklin D. Roosevelt iyo Joseph Stalin]]
Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka ka dib, sida laga soo xigtay Shirkii Potsdam , Ciidanka Cas ayaa qabsaday qaybo ka mid ah Bariga iyo Bartamaha Yurub, oo ay ku jiraan Jarmalka Bari iyo gobollada bari ee Austria . Dawlado shuuci ah oo ku tiirsan ayaa lagu rakibay dawladaha bariga Bloc . Ka dib markii uu noqday quwadda labaad ee nukliyeerka adduunka ,Midowga Soofiyeeti wuxuu aasaasay Isbahaysiga Warsaw Pact ,  wuxuuna galay halgan loogu jiro xukunka caalamiga ah, oo loo yaqaan Dagaalkii Qaboobaa , oo ay la tartamayeen Maraykanka iyo NATO .

===Khrushchev Thaw dib u habaynta iyo horumarinta dhaqaalaha===
Ka dib dhimashadii Stalin ee 1953 iyo muddo gaaban xukunka wadajirka ah , hogaamiyaha cusub Nikita Khrushchev ayaa cambaareeyay Stalin oo bilaabay siyaasadda de-Stalinization , oo sii daayay maxaabiis badan oo siyaasadeed oo ka mid ah xerooyinka shaqada Gulag . Fududeynta guud ee siyaasadaha cadaadiska ayaa markii dambe loo yaqaan Khrushchev Thaw . Isla mar ahaantaana, xiisadda dagaal qabow waxay gaartay meeshii ugu sarreysay markii ay labada iska soo horjeeda isku qabsadeen gantaallada Jupiter-ka ee Mareykanka oo la geynayo Turkiga iyo gantaallada Soofiyeedka ee Cuba . 
Sannadkii 1957kii, Midowga Soofiyeeti wuxuu hawada sare u diray dayax- gacmeedkii ugu horreeyay adduunka , Sputnik 1 , sidaas ayuuna ku billowday xilligii hawada sare . Cosmonaut Ruush ah Yuri Gagarin wuxuu noqday bini'aadamkii ugu horreeyay ee ku wareega dhulka, isagoo raacaya Vostok 1 ee shaqaalaha hawada 12 Abriil 1961
===Muddadii hantiwadaaga horumaray ama xilligii fadhiidnimada===
Ka dib markii Khrushchev laga saaray 1964, waxaa dhacay xilli kale oo xukun wadareed , ilaa Leonid Brezhnev noqday hogaamiyaha. Xilligii 1970-meeyadii iyo horraantii 198-aadkii ayaa markii dambe loo asteeyay xilligii fadhiidnimada . Dib-u-habaynta Kosygin ee 1965-kii ayaa ujeeddadeedu ahayd in qayb ahaan la baahiyo dhaqaalaha Soofiyeedka . Sannadkii 1979-kii, ka dib kacdoonkii shuuciga ahaa ee Afgaanistaan ​​​​hoggaaminayey, ciidamadii Soofiyeeti waxay soo weerareen waddanka, ugu dambeyntiina waxay bilaabeen dagaalkii Soofiyeeti iyo Afgaanistaan .Bishii Maajo 1988, Soofiyeedku wuxuu bilaabay inuu ka baxo Afgaanistaan , sababtoo ah mucaaradka caalamiga ah, dagaalka jabhada ee ka soo horjeeda Soviet-ka, iyo taageero la'aanta muwaadiniinta Soofiyeedka.
===Perestroika, dimuqraadiyeynta iyo madaxbanaanida Ruushka===
[[File:President Ronald Reagan Greets a Young Boy While Touring Red Square During The Moscow Summit in The USSR - DPLA - 8f066efdc87eb23a889a89bd7c39173d.jpg|thumb|Hogaamiyihii Soofiyeedka Mikhail Gorbachev iyo madaxweynihii Maraykanka Ronald Reagan oo ku sugnaa fagaaraha cas intii lagu jiray shirkii Moscow , 31 May 1988]]
Laga soo bilaabo 1985kii, hogaamiyihii ugu dambeeyay ee Soofiyeedka Mikhail Gorbachev , oo doonayay in uu sameeyo dib-u-habeyn xor ah oo ku saabsan nidaamka Soofiyeedka, wuxuu soo bandhigay siyaasadaha glasnost (furfurnaanta) iyo perestroika (dib u habeyn) isku day lagu doonayo in lagu soo afjaro muddada dhaqaale-xumada iyo in la dimuqraadiyeeyo dawladda . Tani, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay keentay in ay kor u kacaan dhaqdhaqaaqyo xooggan oo wadani iyo gooni-gooni ah oo dalka oo dhan ah.  Kahor 1991, dhaqaalaha Soofiyeedka wuxuu ahaa kan labaad ee ugu weyn adduunka, laakiin sanadihii ugu dambeeyay, wuxuu galay dhibaato. 
Sannadkii 1991-kii, qalalaase dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed ayaa billaabay in uu sii qarxo, kaddib markii dalalka Baltic-ga ay doorteen in ay ka go'aan Midowgii Soofiyeeti. 17kii Maarso, afti ayaa la qabtay, taas oo badi muwaadiniinta ka qaybqaatay ay u codeeyeen in Midowga Soofiyeeti loo beddelo federaal cusub .  Bishii Juun 1991, Boris Yeltsin wuxuu noqday Madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee si toos ah loo doorto taariikhda Ruushka markii loo doortay Madaxweynaha SFSR ee Ruushka. Bishii Agoosto 1991, isku day afgambi oo ay sameeyeen xubno ka tirsan dawladdii Gorbachev, oo ay si toos ah uga soo horjeedeen Gorbachev oo ujeedadoodu ahayd ilaalinta Midowgii Soofiyeeti, taas beddelkeedana waxay horseedday dhammaadka Xisbigii Shuuciga ee Midowgii Soofiyeeti. 25kii Diseembar 1991, ka dib kala diristii Midowgii Soofiyeeti , oo ay weheliso Ruushka casriga ah, waxaa soo baxay afar iyo toban dawladood oo kale oo ka dambeeyay Soviet-ka 
===Xiriirka Ruushka ee madaxa banaan===
===U gudubka dhaqaalaha suuqa iyo qalalaasaha siyaasadeed===
[[File:Vladimir_Putin_taking_the_Presidential_Oath,_7_May_2000.jpg|thumb|Vladimir Putin ayaa loo dhaariyay xilka madaxweynanimo markii ugu horreysay ee la caleema saaro , iyadoo Boris Yeltsin uu eegayay, 2000.]]
Burburkii dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed ee Midowgii Soofiyeeti ayaa Ruushka u horseeday niyad jab qoto dheer oo daba dheeraaday. Intii lagu jiray iyo ka dib burburkii Midowgii Soofiyeeti, dib-u-habeyn ballaaran oo ay ku jiraan kuwo gaar loo leeyahay , suuqa iyo xoreynta ganacsiga ayaa la sameeyay, oo ay ku jiraan isbeddello xagjir ah oo ay la socdaan &quot; daaweynta naxdinta leh &quot;. Baahinta gaarka ah waxay si weyn u wareejisay maamulka ganacsiga ee wakaaladaha dawliga ah shakhsiyaadka xiriirka gudaha ee dawladda, taas oo keentay kor u kaca oligarchs Ruush .  Qaar badan oo ka mid ah taajiriinta cusub waxay u guureen balaayiin lacag caddaan ah iyo hanti meel ka baxsan dalka iyagoo raacay duulimaad weyn oo raasumaal ah .  Niyad-jabka dhaqaaluhu wuxuu horseeday burburka adeegyada bulshada - heerka dhalashada ayaa hoos u dhacday halka dhimashadu ay kor u kacday,  malaayiinna waxay ku dhufteen faqri,   halka musuq-maasuq xad-dhaaf ah, iyo sidoo kale kooxaha dambiilayaasha iyo dambiyada abaabulan ayaa si aad ah kor ugu kacay. 
Dabayaaqadii 1993dii, xurguftii u dhaxaysay Yeltsin iyo baarlamaanka Ruushka waxa ay ku dhammaatay xiisad dastuuri ah oo ku dhammaatay gacan ka hadal iyada oo loo adeegsaday awood ciidan. Intii ay xiisaddu socotay, Yeltsin waxa taageeray dawladaha reer galbeedka, waxaana la dilay in ka badan 100 qof
===Dastuurka casriga ah ee xorta ah, iskaashiga caalamiga ah iyo xasilinta dhaqaalaha===
Bishii Disembar, afti ayaa la qaaday oo la ansixiyay, taasoo soo bandhigtay dastuur cusub, oo siinaya madaxweynaha awoodo aad u weyn. 1990-meeyadii waxa aafeeyay iskahorimaadyo hubaysan oo ka dhacay Waqooyiga Caucasus , labadaba iskahorimaadyo qowmiyadeed oo maxalli ah iyo kacdoonno Islaamiyiin gooni-gooni ah . Laga soo bilaabo markii gooni u goosadka Chechniya ay ku dhawaaqeen madax-bannaanidii horraantii 1990-meeyadii, dagaal jabhadeed oo goosgoos ah ayaa dhexmaray kooxaha fallaagada iyo ciidamada Ruushka. Weerarro argagixiso oo ka dhan ah dadka rayidka ah waxaa fuliyay gooni u goosadka Chechniya, oo galaafatay nolosha kumannaan rayid ah oo Ruush ah.
Burburkii Midowgii Soofiyeeti ka dib, Ruushku waxa uu la wareegay masuuliyadda dejinta daymaha dibadda ee dambe. 1992, inta badan kontaroolada qiimaha macaamiisha waa la tirtiray, taasoo keentay sicir barar aad u daran oo si weyn hoos u dhigay qiimaha ruble. Khasaaraha miisaaniyadeed ee sarreeya oo ay weheliso duulimaadka raasumaalka ah ee sii kordhaya iyo awood la'aanta bixinta deynta, waxay sababtay xiisadda dhaqaale ee Ruushka 1998 , taas oo keentay hoos u dhac kale oo GDP ah. 
===U dhaqaaqida dhaqaale la casriyeeyay, siyaasad dhexe iyo dib u dhac dimuqraadi ah===
31kii Diisambar 1999kii, Madaxweyne Yeltsin si lama filaan ah ayuu isu casilay, isagoo xilka ku wareejiyay ra'iisul wasaarihii dhawaan la magacaabay iyo ku-xigeenkiisii ​​uu doortay, Vladimir Putin . ka dib Putin wuxuu ku guuleystey doorashadii madaxtinimo ee 2000 ,  wuxuuna ka adkaaday jabhada Chechnya dagaalkii labaad ee Jeejniya .
Putin wuxuu ku guuleystey mar labaad oo madaxtinimo 2004.  Qiimaha saliidda sare iyo kor u kaca maalgashiga shisheeye ayaa arkay dhaqaalaha Ruushka iyo heerka nolosha ayaa si weyn u soo fiicnaaday.  Xukunka Putin wuxuu kordhiyey xasilloonida, halka uu Ruushka u beddelay dawlad keli talis ah .  2008, Putin wuxuu qabtay jagada ra'iisul wasaaraha, halka Dmitry Medvedev loo doortay madaxweyne hal xilli, si uu u sii hayo awoodda inkastoo sharci xaddidan ;  muddadan waxaa lagu tilmaamay inay tahay &quot; tandemoqraadiyad
[[File:Annexation_of_Southern_and_Eastern_Ukraine.svg|thumb|Dhulalka uu Ruushku qabsaday ee Ukraine laga bilaabo 30kii Sebtembar 2022 wakhtigaas lagu dhawaaqay la wareegistooda]]
Ka dib qalalaasaha diblumaasiyadeed ee ka dhexeeya Georgia ee deriska la ah , Dagaalkii Russo-Georgian wuxuu dhacay intii u dhaxaysay 1-12 Agoosto 2008, taas oo keentay in Ruushku aqoonsado laba gobol oo gooni-goosad ah oo ka tirsan dhulalka uu haysto ee Georgia . Wuxuu ahaa dagaalkii ugu horreeyay ee Yurub qarnigii 21aad. Wax ka bedelka dastuurka 2008 ayaa lagu sheegay in muddada madaxweynaha loo kordhiyay lix sano halka aqalka hoose (State Duma) laga dhigay shan sano.  Putin ka dib wuxuu ku guulaystey doorashadii madaxtinimo ee 2012 , taas oo sii hurisay mudaaharaadyadii &quot; Kacaanka Barafka
===Duulaanka Ukraine===
[[Dagaalka Russka-Ukraine 2014|Horraantii 2014-kii, kadib kacdoonkii reer galbeedka ee taageersanaa dalka ay jaarka yihiin ee Ukrain, Ruushku waxa uu la wareegay Crimea ka dib markii afti lagu murmay oo ku saabsan xaaladda Crimea oo Ruushku qabsaday]]. Isku-darka ayaa abuuray kacdoon ka socda gobolka Donbas ee Ukraine, oo ay taageerayaan faragelinta milatariga Ruushka oo qayb ka ah dagaal aan la shaacin oo ka dhan ah Ukraine .  Calooshood u shaqeystayaal Ruush ah iyo ciidamada milatariga, oo taageero ka helaya maleeshiyooyinka gooni-goosadka maxalliga ah, ayaa dagaal ku qaaday bariga Ukraine oo ay kaga soo horjeedaan dawladda cusub ee Ukraine ka dib markii dawladda Ruushku ay kobcisay mudaaharaadyo ka dhan ah dawladda iyo Ruushka oo ka dhacay gobolka,  inkastoo inta badan dadka deggani ay ka soo horjeedaan ka go'itaanka Ukraine.  Iyadoo ay socdaan mudaaharaadyo ka dhan ah musuqmaasuqa dalka oo dhan ,  Putin ayaa dib loo doortay mar labaad oo isku xigta doorashadii madaxtinimo ee 2018. [[Dagaalki Russia /Ukraine 2022|Kordhinta ugu weyn ee iskahorimaadka, Ruushku wuxuu bilaabay duulaan buuxa oo Ukraine ah 24 Febraayo 2022.  Duullaanku wuxuu calaamad u yahay dagaalkii ugu weynaa ee caadiga ahaa ee Yurub tan iyo Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka, waxaana la kulmay cambaareyn caalami ah, iyo sidoo kale cunaqabataynta Ruushka]].
[[File:Meeting_with_military_district_commanders_(2024-05-15)_14.jpg|thumb|Putin oo la socda Shoigu , Gerasimov , Belousov , Yevkurov iyo taliyayaasha degmooyinka militariga Ruushka 15 May 2024]]
Putin oo la socda Shoigu , Gerasimov ,Belousov , Yevkurov iyo taliyayaasha degmooyinka militariga Ruushka 15 May 2024

==Juqraafiga==
[[File:Russian_Federation_Relief_Map.png|thumb|Khariidadda Topographic ee Ruushka]]
Baaxadda baaxadda leh ee Ruushku waxa ay ku fidsan tahay qaybta bari ee Yurub iyo qaybta waqooyi ee Aasiya.  Waxay ku fidsan tahay cidhifka waqooyi ee Eurasia waxayna leedahay xeebta afraad ee aduunka ugu dheer , in ka badan 37,653 km (23,396 mi).  Ruushku waxa uu u dhexeeyaa loolka 41° iyo 82° N , iyo longitudes 19° E iyo 169° W , oo dhererkiisu dhan yahay 9,000 km (5,600 mi) bari ilaa galbeed, iyo 2,500 ilaa 4,000 km (1,600 ilaa 2,50 mi).  Ruushka, dhul ahaan, wuxuu ka weyn yahay saddex qaaradood,  wuxuuna leeyahay meel la mid ah tan Pluto .
Ruushku wuxuu leeyahay sagaal saf oo waaweyn oo buuraley ah, waxaana laga helaa gobollada koonfureed ee ugu hooseeya , kuwaas oo wadaaga qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah buuraha Caucasus (oo ay ku jiraan Mount Elbrus , taas oo ah 5,642 m (18,510 ft) waa meesha ugu sarreysa ee Ruushka iyo Yurub); Buuraha Altai iyo Sayan ee Siberia ; iyo Buuraha Bariga Siberian iyo Jasiiradda Kamchatka ee Bariga Fog ee Ruushka (oo ay ku jiraan Klyuchevskaya Sopka , oo dhererkeedu yahay 4,750 m (15,584 ft) waa volcano firfircoon ee ugu sarreeya Eurasia).  Buuraha Ural , oo u kala socda waqooyi ilaa koonfur iyada oo loo marayo galbeedka dalka, waa qani ku ah kheyraadka macdanta, waxayna sameeyaan xuduud dhaqameed oo u dhexeeya Yurub iyo Aasiya .  Meesha ugu hooseysa ee Ruushka iyo Yurub , waxay ku taal madaxa badda Caspian, halkaas oo Niyad-jabka Caspian uu gaaro 29 mitir (95.1 ft) oo ka hooseeya heerka badda.
[[File:Lake_Baikal_in_winter.jpg|thumb|Harada barafaysan ee Baikal oo u dhaw Jasiiradda Olkhon , jasiiradda harada saddexaad ee ugu weyn adduunka]]
Ruushka, oo ah mid ka mid ah saddexda waddan ee adduunka oo dhan oo xuduud la leh saddex badood , waxa uu xidhiidh la leeyahay tiro badan oo badaha ah.  Jasiiradaha ugu waaweyn iyo jasiiradaha waxaa ka mid ah Novaya Zemlya , Franz Josef Land , Severnaya Zemlya , New Siberian Islands , Wrangel Island , Kuril Islands (afar ka mid ah waxay ku muransan yihiin Japan ) iyo Sakhalin .  Jasiiradaha Diomede , oo ay maamulaan Ruushka iyo Maraykanku, waxay u jiraan kaliya 3.8 km (2.4 mi); iyo Kunashir Island ee jasiiradaha Kuril waxay kaliya 20 km (12.4 mi) u jirtaa Hokkaido , Japan. 
Ruushka, oo ah hoyga in ka badan 100,000 wabi,  ayaa leh mid ka mid ah kheyraadka biyaha dusha sare ee ugu weyn adduunka, iyada oo harooyinkeedu ay ka kooban yihiin qiyaastii rubuc meel biyo nadiif ah oo adduunka ah . Harada Baikal , tan ugu weyn uguna caansan biyaha nadiifka ah ee Ruushka, waa harada ugu qoto dheer, ugu daahirsan, ugu da'da weyn uguna awooda badan, kana kooban shan meelood meel biyaha sare ee cusub ee aduunka.  Ladoga iyo Onega ee waqooyi-galbeed ee Ruushka waa labada harooyinka ugu waaweyn Yurub .  Ruushka ayaa kaalinta labaad kaga jira Brazil marka loo eego wadarta kheyraadka biyaha la cusboonaysiin karo . Volga ee galbeedka Ruushka, oo si weyn loogu tixgeliyo inuu yahay webiga qaranka Ruushka, waa webiga ugu dheer Yurub wuxuuna sameeyaa Volga Delta , delta webiga ugu weyn qaaradda. Wabiyada Siberian ee Ob , Yenisey , Lena , iyo Amur waxay ka mid yihiin webiyada aduunka ugu dheer
===Cimilada===
Baaxadda Ruushka iyo fogaanshiyaha meelo badan oo ka mid ah aagagga badda ayaa keenaya xukunka cimilada qaarada ee qoyan ee dalka intiisa badan, marka laga reebo tundra iyo koonfur-galbeed ee xad dhaafka ah. Kala duwanaanshaha buuraha ee koonfurta iyo bari waxay hor istaagaan qulqulka hawada diiran ee ka imanaysa badweynta Hindiya iyo Pacific, halka bannaanka Yurub ee ku dhereran galbeedka iyo woqooyiga uu u furo inuu saameyn ku yeesho badweynta Atlantic iyo Arctic.  Inta badan waqooyi-galbeed ee Ruushka iyo Siberiya waxay leeyihiin cimilo dhul-beereed ah , oo leh jiilaal aad u daran gobollada gudaha ee waqooyi-bari Siberiya (inta badan Sakha , halkaas oo Cirifka Waqooyi ee Qabowgu uu ku yaal heerkul hooseeya -71.2 °C ama -96.2 °F),  iyo jiilaal dhexdhexaad ah oo meelo kale ah. Xeebta ballaaran ee Ruushka ee ku teedsan badweynta Arctic iyo jasiiradaha Arctic ee Ruushka ayaa leh cimilo cimilo
[[File:Russia_K%C3%B6ppen.svg|thumb|Kala soocida cimilada Köppen ee Ruushka]]
Qaybta xeebta ee Krasnodar Krai ee ku taal badda madow, gaar ahaan Sochi , iyo qaar ka mid ah xeebaha iyo gudaha ee Waqooyiga Caucasus waxay leeyihiin cimilo qoyan oo qoyan oo leh jiilaal qafiif ah iyo qoyan.  Gobolo badan oo ka mid ah Bariga Siberiya iyo Bariga Fog ee Ruushka, jiilaalku waa qallayl marka loo eego xagaaga, halka qaybaha kale ee dalka ay la kulmaan xitaa roobab badan xilliyada. Roobabka jiilaalka ee dalka intiisa badan waxay u da'aan sida baraf. Qaybaha galbeed ee gobolka Kaliningrad iyo qaybo ka mid ah koonfurta Krasnodar Krai iyo Waqooyiga Caucasus waxay leeyihiin cimilo badweyn . Gobolka ku teedsan Volga Hoose iyo xeebta Badda Caspian, iyo sidoo kale qaar ka mid ah jeexjeexyada koonfureed ee Siberiya, waxay leeyihiin cimilo semi-oomane ah . 
Inta badan dhulka, waxaa jira laba xilli oo kala duwan, jiilaal iyo xagaaga, maadaama gu'ga iyo deyrta ay badiyaa kooban yihiin.  Bisha ugu qabow waa Janaayo (Febraayo ee xeebta); sida caadiga ah ugu kulul waa Luulyo. Heerkul aad u weyn ayaa caadi ah. Xilliga jiilaalka, heerkulku wuu sii qabowsadaa koonfurta ilaa woqooyiga iyo galbeedka ilaa bari labadaba. Kulaylku wuxuu noqon karaa mid aad u kulul, xitaa Siberiya.  Isbeddelka cimilada ee Ruushka ayaa keenaya dab-damis badan oo soo noqnoqda ,  iyo dhalaalidda baaxadda weyn ee waddanka ee permafrost
===Kala duwanaanshaha noolaha===
Ruushka, oo ay ugu wacan tahay cabbirkiisa weyn, wuxuu leeyahay nidaamyo deegaan oo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan lamadegaanka polar , tundra , kaynta-tundra , taiga , kaynta isku dhafka ah iyo ballaaran ,kaynta kaynta , steppe , lamadegaanka-sare, iyo kulaylaha hoose .  Qiyaastii kala badh dhulka Ruushku waa kaymo,  waxayna leedahay aagga adduunka ugu weyn ee kaynta,  taas oo soo saarta qaar ka mid ah qaddarka ugu sarreeya ee carbon dioxide .
[[File:Саблинский хребет.jpg|thumb|Beerta Qaranka ee Yugyd Va ee Jamhuuriyadda Komi waa beerta qaran ee ugu weyn Yurub.]]
Kala duwanaanshiyaha noolaha ee Ruushka waxaa ka mid ah 12,500 nooc oo dhirta xididdada dhiigga ah , 2,200 nooc oo bryophytes ah , qiyaastii 3,000 nooc oo lichens ah , 7,000-9,000 nooc oo algae ah , iyo 20,000-25,000 oo nooc oo fangaska ah. Xayawaanaadka Ruushku waxay ka kooban yihiin 320 nooc oo naasley ah , in ka badan 732 nooc oo shimbiro ah, 75 nooc oo xamaarato ah, qiyaastii 30 nooc oo amphibians ah , 343 nooc oo kalluunka biyaha saafiga ah ( endemism sare ), qiyaastii 1,500 nooc oo kalluunka biyaha cusbada ah , 9 nooc oo cyclostomata ah , iyo qiyaastii 100-0 ( dhammaadka 100-0).  Ku dhawaad ​​1,100 nooc oo dhir iyo xayawaan ah oo dhif iyo naad ah ayaa lagu daray Buugga Xogta Cas ee Ruushka . 
Nidaamka deegaanka dabiiciga ah ee Ruushka ayaa lagu kaydiyaa ku dhawaad ​​15,000 oo dhul dabiici ah oo si gaar ah loo ilaaliyo oo heerar kala duwan leh, oo haysta in ka badan 10% bedka guud ee dalka. Waxay ka kooban yihiin 45 kayd biosphere ah ,64 jardiinooyin qaran ah iyo 101 kayd dabiici ah . Inkasta oo hoos u dhac ku yimid, waddanku wuxuu weli leeyahay habab badan oo deegaanka ah kuwaas oo weli loo tixgeliyo kaynta saxda ah , gaar ahaan aagga waqooyiga taiga, iyo tundra subarctic ee Siberia.  Ruushku waxa uu lahaa tusmaynta hufnaanta dhuleed kaynta celceliska dhibcaha 9.02 ee 2019, isaga oo ku daraya 10th marka loo eego 172 waddan, iyo waddankii ugu horreeyay ee kaalinta koowaad ka gala adduunka ugu weyn.
===Dowladda iyo siyaasadda===
[[File:Владимир Путин (08-03-2024) (cropped) (higher res).jpg|thumb|Madaxweyne  Vladimir Putin]]
[[File:Mikhail Mishustin 2025-08-21.jpg|thumb|Mikhail Mishustin Ra'iisul Wasaare]]
[[File:Chart_Constitution_of_Russia_EN.svg|thumb|Shaxda nidaamka siyaasadeed ee Ruushka]]
Ruushku marka loo eego dastuurku waa jamhuuriyad federaali ah oo siman oo leh nidaam madax-weyne oo badheed ah , oo uu madaxweynuhu yahay madaxa dawladda ,  iyo ra'iisul wasaaruhuna waa madaxa dawladda .  Waxa loo qaabeeyey sidii dimoqraadiyad matalaysa xisbiyada badan ,  iyadoo dawladda federaalku ka kooban tahay saddex waaxood: 
Sharci-dejinta: Golaha federaalka ee labada aqal ee Ruushka , oo ka kooban 450-xubnood Duma State iyo 170-xubnood Golaha Federation ,  ansixiyay sharciga federaalka , ku dhawaaqay dagaal , ansixiyaa heshiisyada, wuxuu leeyahay awoodda boorsada iyo awoodda xilka qaadista madaxweynaha. 
Fulinta: Madaxweynuhu waa taliyaha guud ee ciidamada qalabka sida , wuxuuna magacaabayaa Xukuumadda Ruushka (Xukuumadda) iyo saraakiisha kale, kuwaas oo maamula oo dhaqangeliya sharciyada iyo siyaasadaha federaalka. Madaxweynuhu waxa uu soo saari karaa wareegtooyin aan xad lahayn , waase haddii aanay ka hor imanayn dastuurka ama sharciga federaalka. 
Garsoorka : Maxkamadda Dastuuriga ah , Maxkamadda Sare iyo Maxkamadaha hoose ee federaalka , kuwaas oo garsoorayaashoodu ay magacaabeen Golaha Federaalku soo jeedinta madaxweynaha, waxay fasiraan sharciyada waxayna burin karaan sharciyada ay u arkaan inay ka soo horjeedaan dastuurka .
Madaxweynaha waxaa lagu soo doortaa cod dadweyne oo lix sano ah, waxaana la dooran karaa wax aan ka badneyn laba jeer.  Wasaaradaha xukuumadda waxay ka kooban yihiin ra'iisul wasaaraha iyo ku xigeenadiisa, wasiirro, iyo shaqsiyaad kale oo la soo xulay; dhamaantood waxaa soo magacaabaya madaxweynaha marka uu soo jeediyo ra’iisul wasaaraha (halka magacaabista kan dambe ay u baahan tahay ogolaanshaha Duma State). United Russia waa xisbiga siyaasadeed ee ugu awooda badan Russia , waxaana lagu tilmaamay &quot; teendho weyn &quot; iyo &quot; xisbiga awooda &quot;. 
Ka dib Soviet-Ruushka waxay ahayd dimoqraadiyad cilladaysan intii uu madaxweynaha ahaa Boris Yeltsin . 267​​​ ​​​​​​​ :223   Nidaamka siyaasadeed waxa uu ka soo unkamay kalitalisnimo doorasho oo isu rogtay nidaam keli talis ah oo isku xidhan .  : 323   Saynisyahannada siyaasadda qaarkood waxay ku sifeeyeen Putin inuu yahay madaxa kalitalisnimada ,  ama nidaam shakhsi ah.  Mudadii labaad ee Putin uu ahaa madaxweynaha waxa ay horseedday is-maamulid dheeraad ah, : 512   : 80-81  taasoo ahayd tii ugu muhiimsanayd tan iyo xilligii Soofiyeedka, iyada oo ay qorayaasha qaar soo jeedinayaan dib u soo noolayn guud . Siyaasadaha maamulida Putin waxaa guud ahaan loogu yeeraa Putinism
===Kala qaybsanaan siyaasadeed===
Ruushka, marka loo eego dastuurka, waa mid isku mid ah (oo leh suurtagalnimada qaabeynta asymmetric) federaalka . Si ka duwan qaabkii asymmetric Soviet ee RSFSR, halkaas oo jamhuuriyadaha kaliya ay ahaayeen &quot;mawduucyada federaalka&quot;, dastuurka hadda jira wuxuu kor u qaaday maqaamka gobollada kale ilaa heerka jamhuuriyada wuxuuna ka dhigay dhammaan gobollada la siman cinwaanka &quot;mawduuca federaalka&quot;. Gobollada Ruushku waxay leeyihiin meelo ay ka mid yihiin awooddooda, laakiin gobolladu ma laha madax-bannaani, ma laha maqaam qaran, xaq uma laha inay muujiyaan wax madaxbannaani ah dastuurkooda, xaqna uma laha inay ka go'aan dalka. Sharciyada goboladu kama hor iman karaan shuruucda federaalka. 
Mawduucyada federaalka  waxay leeyihiin matalaad siman—laba ergo midkiiba — Golaha Federaalka , aqalka sare ee Baarlamaanka Federaalka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, way ku kala duwan yihiin heerka madax-bannaanida ay ku raaxaystaan.  Degmooyinka federaalka ee Ruushka waxaa aasaasay Putin 2000 si ay u fududeeyaan maamulka dhexe ee maadooyinka federaalka.  Asal ahaan todoba, hadda waxaa jira siddeed degmo oo federaal ah, oo mid walba uu madax ka yahay ergey uu magacaabay madaxweynuhu. 
[[File:Map_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_(2022),_disputed_Crimea_and_Donbass.svg|thumb|]]
===Xiriirka dibadda===
[[File:2019 Foto de família dos Líderes do G20.jpg|thumb|Putin iyo dhiggiisa G20 ee Osaka , 2019]]
Ruushku waxa uu leeyahay shabakadda dublamaasiyadeed ee lixaad ee ugu weyn adduunka marka la gaadho 2024 . Waxa ay xidhiidh dublamaasiyadeed la leedahay 187 dawladood oo Qaramada Midoobay ka tirsan , laba dawladood oo qayb ahaan la aqoonsan yahay , iyo laba waddan oo Qaramada Midoobay u qaabilsan kormeerayaal iyo 143 safaaradood .  Ruushku waa mid ka mid ah shanta xubnood ee joogtada ah ee Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay . Guud ahaan waxaa lagu tilmaamaa inay tahay awood weyn ,  inkastoo la su'aalay in ay sii hayn karto heerkan.  Ruushku sidoo kale waa quwad hore oo hore oo ah hormuudka xubinta ka ah Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore. iyo dhaxalka sharciga ah ee siyaasadaha dibadda ee Soofiyeedka. Waa xubin ka mid ah G20 , OSCE , iyo APEC - iyo xubnaha hogaaminaya ururada sida CIS , EAEU , CSTO , iyo SCO . Ruushku wuxuu sidoo kale xubin ka ahaa G8 (hadda G7 ) iyo qayb ka mid ah Golaha Yurub ka hor inta aan laga saarin labada kooxood ee 2014 iyo 2022, siday u kala horreeyaan. 
Ruushku waxa uu xidhiidh dhow la leeyahay dalka ay jaarka yihiin ee Belarus , kaas oo qayb ka ah Dawlad-goboleedka Midowga , oo ah isku xidhka labada dawladood.  Serbia waxa ay taariikh ahaan xulafo dhow la ahayd Ruushka, maadaama labada dal ay wadaagaan xidhiidh dhaqameed, qowmiyad iyo diineed oo xooggan.  Laga soo bilaabo qarnigii 21aad, xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya Ruushka iyo Shiinaha ayaa si weyn u xoojiyay laba geesood iyo dhaqaale ahaan sababtoo ah danaha siyaasadeed ee la wadaago. Hindiya waa macaamiisha ugu weyn ee qalabka militariga Ruushka, labada dal waxay wadaagaan xiriir istaraatiijiyadeed iyo mid diblomaasiyadeed oo xooggan tan iyo xilligii Soofiyeedka.  Ruushku wuxuu leeyahay saameyn weyn oo siyaasadeed guud ahaan juqraafi ahaan muhiim u ah Koonfurta Caucasus iyo Bartamaha Aasiya, labada gobol ayaa lagu tilmaamay inay qayb ka yihiin &quot;dabada dambe&quot; ee Ruushka  ama &quot;meel u dhow&quot;
[[File:Russian-list-of-unfriendly-countries.svg|thumb|Ruushka
  Wadamada ku jira liiska wadamada aan saaxiibada ahayn ee Russia. Liiskan ayaa waxaa ku jira dalal cunaqabateyn ku soo rogay Ruushka duulaanka uu ku qaaday Ukraine.]]
Ruushku waxa uu Turkiga la wadaagaa xidhiidh istiraatijiyadeed oo adag, tamar iyo difaac . Waxay ilaalisaa xidhiidhka wanaagsan ee Iran, maadaama ay tahay xulafo istiraatiiji ah iyo dhaqaale.  Ruushka ayaa sidoo kale si weyn u horumariyay xiriirka uu la leeyahay Kuuriyada Waqooyi ka dib duulaankii Ukraine ee 2022, iyadoo la kordhiyay iskaashiga difaaca.  Isla mar ahaantaana, xiriirka ay la leedahay deriska deriska ah ee Ukraine iyo dunida Galbeedka - gaar ahaan Mareykanka iyo wadammada wadajirka ah ee Midowga Yurub iyo NATO - ayaa burburay. 
Qarnigii 21-aad, Ruushku waxa uu waday siyaasad dibadeed oo gardarro ah oo ujeeddadeedu tahay in lagu sugo awoodda gobolka ee Yurub iyo kordhinta saamaynta caalamiga ah, iyo sidoo kale kordhinta taageerada gudaha ee dawladda. Waxay bilawday faragelin milatari oo ku saabsan dawladihii Soviet-ka ee Georgia iyo Ukraine, iyo sidoo kale Suuriya intii lagu jiray dagaalkii sokeeye ee daba dheeraaday si ay u kordhiso saamaynta ay ku leedahay Bariga Dhexe . Ruushka ayaa sidoo kale si sii kordheysa u riixay inuu ballaariyo saameyntiisa guud ahaan Arctic ,  Aasiya -Pacific ,  Afrika iyo Latin America .  Saddex-meelood laba meel dadka adduunka, gaar ahaan dalalka soo koraya ee Koonfurta Caalamka , waa dhexdhexaad ama siyaasad ahaan u janjeera dhanka Ruushka. Ruushku waxa kale oo uu sii waday adeegsiga xeelado qaran dumis ah si uu u kordhiyo aragtida awoodiisa juqraafiyeed ee dalalka ay xafiiltamaan, oo ay ku jiraan dagaalka internetka , ololeyaal been abuur ah ,  weerarro kharibaad ah , isku day dil ,  jebinta hawada sare  iyo saber-rattling nuclear.
===Milatari===
[[File:Sukhoi Design Bureau, 054, Sukhoi T-50 (Su-57 prototype) (49581303977).jpg|thumb|Sukhoi Su-57 dagaalyahan jiilka shanaad ee Ciidanka Cirka ee Ruushka ]]
Ciidamada Ruushka waxay u kala qaybsan yihiin ciidamada dhulka , ciidamada badda , iyo hawada hawada -sidoo kale waxaa jira laba hub oo kala madax banaan oo kala ah ciidamada gantaalaha istiraatijiga ah iyo ciidamada cirka . Laga bilaabo 2025 , millatarigu waxa ay haystaan ​​1.1 milyan oo shaqaale firfircoon ah , kuwaas oo ah shanaad ee ugu wayn adduunka iyo ilaa 1.5 milyan oo shaqaale kayd ah .  Waa qasab dhammaan muwaadiniinta ragga ah ee da'doodu u dhaxayso 18-27 in loo diyaariyo hal sano oo ka mid ah adeegga Ciidanka Qalabka Sida. 
Ruushku waxa uu ka mid yahay shanta dawladood ee la aqoonsan yahay ee haysta hubka Nukliyeerka , oo leh kaydka ugu badan ee hubka Nukliyeerka ; in ka badan kala bar hubka nukliyeerka adduunka waxaa iska leh Ruushka.  Ruushku waxa uu haystaa raxanta labaad ee ugu weyn maraakiibta quusta gantaalaha ballistic-ga ah ,  waana mid ka mid ah saddexda waddan ee keliya ee ka hawlgala duqaymaha istaraatiijiga ah .Laga bilaabo 2023 , Ruushku waxa uu hayaa kharashka saddexaad ee ugu sarreeya adduunka , isaga oo kharash gareeya $109 bilyan, oo u dhiganta 5.9% GDP-ga.  Sidoo kale waa dhoofinta hubka saddexaad ee ugu weyn , waxayna leedahay warshad difaac oo ballaaran oo wadani ah , taasoo soo saarta inta badan qalabkeeda militari
===Xuquuqda Aadanaha===
Xadgudubyada ka dhanka ah xuquuqul insaanka ee Russia ayaa waxaa isa soo taraya warbixino ay soo gudbiyaan dimuquraadiyada iyo kooxaha xuquuqul insaanka ee hogaaminaya . Gaar ahaan, Amnesty International iyo Human Rights Watch waxay sheegeen in Ruushku aanu ahayn mid dimuqraadi ah oo u oggolaanaya xuquuq yar oo siyaasadeed iyo xorriyadaha madaniga ah ee muwaadiniintiisa. 
Laga soo bilaabo 2004, Freedom House waxay Ruushka ku qiimeysay &quot;mid aan xor ahayn&quot; marka la eego sahanka Xoriyadda ee Adduunka . Tan iyo 2011, Unugga Sirdoonka Dhaqaalaha ayaa Russia ku qiimeeyay &quot;xukunka madax-bannaanida&quot; ee tusmada Dimuqraadiyadda , isagoo ku qiimeeyay 150th ee 167 waddan ee 2024 .  Dowladda Ruushka waxaa si weyn u dhaleeceeyay mucaaradka siyaasadeed iyo dadka u dhaqdhaqaaqa xuquuqda aadanaha doorashooyin aan caddaalad ahayn , caburinta xisbiyada siyaasadda mucaaradka iyo mudaaharaadyada ,  cadaadis lagu hayo hay'adaha aan dawliga ahayn iyo xoojinta cadaadiska iyo dilka saxafiyiinta madaxa banaan
[[File:Protest_against_the_invasion_of_Ukraine_(Yekaterinburg,_February_24,_2022).jpg|thumb|Ka dib duulaankii Ruushka ee Ukraine 2022, mudaharaadyo looga soo horjeedo ayaa ka dhacay guud ahaan Ruushka. Mudaaharaadyada ayaa la kulmay cadaadis baahsan, taasoo keentay in ilaa 15,000 oo qof la xiro.]]
Muslimiinta, gaar ahaan Salafiyada , ayaa cadaadis kala kulmay Ruushka.  Si loo baabi'iyo kacdoonka Waqooyiga Caucasus , mas'uuliyiinta Ruushka ayaa lagu eedeeyay dil aan loo meel dayin, xiri, qasab la waayay, iyo jirdil loo geystay dad rayid ah. Magaalada Dagestan , qaar ka mid ah salafiyiinta oo ay weheliyaan dhibaatayn dawladeed oo ku salaysan muuqaalkooda, ayaa guryahooda lagu qarxiyay hawlgallo ka dhan ah mucaaradka. Chechens iyo Ingush ee ku jira xabsiyada Ruushka ayaa lagu soo waramayaa inay ku kacaan xadgudubyo ka badan kuwa qowmiyadaha kale.  Intii lagu guda jiray duulaankii 2022 ee Ukraine, Ruushku wuxuu sameeyay xeryo sifeyn ah halkaas oo dad badan oo Yukreeniyaan ah ay la kulmaan xadgudubyo oo si qasab ah loogu diro Ruushka; Xeryaha ayaa la barbar dhigay kuwii loo adeegsaday dagaalladii Jeejniya .   Cadaadiska siyaasadeed ayaa sidoo kale kor u kacay ka dib bilawgii duulaanka, iyada oo la sameeyay sharciyo qeexaya ciqaabta &quot;calaamadaha&quot; ciidamada qalabka sida.
Ruushku waxa uu soo rogay dhawr xayiraad xuquuqda LGBTQ . 2013, sharci lid ku ah LGBTQ oo mamnuucaya &quot;dacaayadaha khaniisiinta&quot; ayaa si wadajir ah u ansixiyay Duma State iyo Golaha Federaalka, ka dib waxaa saxiixay sharciga Vladimir Putin.  Sannadkii 2020, baarlamaanka Ruushku wuxuu sharciyeeyey mamnuucid dastuuri ah oo ku saabsan guurka dadka isku jinsiga ah ,  iyo 2021 Wasaaradda Caddaaladdu waxay u magacawday kooxda xuquuqda LGBTQ ee Shabakadda LGBT ee Ruushka inay tahay &quot; wakiil shisheeye &quot;.  Sannadkii 2022, wax-ka-beddello dheeraad ah ayaa lagu sameeyay sharciga 2013 ee lidka ku ah LGBTQ. 2023, baarlamaanka Ruushku wuxuu ansixiyay sharci mamnuucaya qalliinka dib-u-dejinta jinsiga ee dadka jinsiga ah iyo Maxkamadda Sare ee Ruushka waxay mamnuucday dhaqdhaqaaqa caalamiga ah ee LGBTQ sida &quot;xagjirnimo&quot;, oo ka mamnuucaya dalka.  Sannadkii 2024, Maxkamadda Sare waxay soo saartay xukunnada ugu horreeya ee xukunka dambe.
===Sharciga, musuqmaasuqa iyo dembiyada===
Raashiya wixii ka dambeeyay Soviet-ka ee taliskii Vladimir Putin waxa lagu maamulay qaab hanti-wadaag ah .  Nidaamkeeda siyaasadeed ayaa siyaabo kala duwan loogu tilmaamay sida kleptocracy , oligarchy , iyo plutocracy . Laga bilaabo 2024 , waa dalka Yurub ugu hooseeya ee lagu qiimeeyay tusmada sannadlaha ah ee Transparency International , taasoo ku jirta kaalinta 154aad ee 180ka waddan ee liiska ku jira
[[File:Alexei_Navalny_marching_in_2017.jpg|thumb|Hogaamiyaha mucaaradka Alexei Navalny oo hogaaminaya mudaaharaadayaasha Moscow ee mudaaharaadyada musuqmaasuqa lagaga soo horjeedo ee 2017-2018]]
Musuqmaasuqa ayaa si weyn u kordhay ka dib burburkii Midowgii Soofiyeeti,  waxaana loo arkaa arrin muhiim ah oo bulshada dhexdeeda ah. Waxay saamaysaa qaybo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan dhaqaalaha,  dawladda ,  sharci fulinta ,  daryeelka caafimaadka ,  waxbarashada , iyo ciidamada. Dhaqaalaha hooska ee Ruushka ayaa lagu qiyaasay inuu yahay 44% wadarta guud ee GDP ee 2018. Cutubyo militari oo ciqaabeed ayaa la geeyay sida ciidamada duufaanka inta lagu jiro dagaalka Russo-Ukrain ee socda tan iyo 2022, sida Storm-Z iyo Storm-V cutubyada. Marka loo eego qiyaasaha ay samaysay BBC-da, ku dhawaad ​​48,000 oo maxaabiis ah ayaa loo qoray inay u dagaalamaan Kooxda Wagner.
Qoraalka aasaasiga ah iyo aasaasiga ah ee sharciyada ee Russia waa dastuurka. Xeerarka, sida Xeerka Madaniga ah ee Ruushka iyo Xeerka Dambiyada Ruushka , ayaa ah ilaha ugu sarreeya ee sharciga Ruushka.  Ruushku waxa uu leeyahay dadka ugu badan ee la xidhxidhay Yurub, iyo dadka shanaad ee ugu badan maxaabiista adduunka. Xadka xabsigu wuxuu ka mid yahay kuwa ugu sarreeya Yurub,  inkasta oo tiradu si joogto ah hoos ugu dhacday, 59% tan iyo 2000.  Ilaa 2021 , heerka dilka ula kac ah ee Ruushka wuxuu istaagay 6.8 qof kasta 100,000. Sannadkii 2023, Ruushku wuxuu lahaa suuqa labaad ee ugu weyn adduunka ee ganacsiga hubka sharci darrada ah, ka dib Maraykanka, waxaa lagu tilmaamay inay tahay xudunta muhiimka ah ee ka ganacsiga dadka, waxaana kaalinta koowaad kaga jira Yurub iyo 19aad ee adduunka ee Tusaha Dambiyada Abaabulan ee Caalamiga ah
==Dhaqaalaha==
Ruushku waxa uu leeyahay dakhli sare ,  warshadaysan,  dhaqaale isku dhafan oo ku jihaysan suuqa ka dib isbedel qallafsan oo ka yimid qaabkii la qorsheeyay ee Soofiyeedka intii lagu jiray 1990-meeyadii. Waxay leedahay dhaqaalaha kow iyo tobnaad ee ugu weyn GDP magac ahaan iyo dhaqaalaha afaraad ee ugu weyn GDP ( PPP ). Marka la eego sanadka 2023 , waaxda adeeggu waxa ay ku dhowdahay 57% wadarta guud ee GDP, waxaana ku xiga qaybta warshadaha (30%), halka qaybta beeruhu ay tahay ta ugu yar, oo ah 3% wadarta guud ee GDP. Waxay leedahay xoog shaqaale ah oo ku saabsan 73 milyan, taas oo ah siddeedaad ee ugu weyn adduunka.  Ganacsiga ugu weyn ee Ruushka waa Shiinaha
[[File:Business_Centre_of_Moscow_2.jpg|thumb|Xarunta Ganacsiga Caalamiga ah ee Moscow]]
Horumarinta bini'aadamka ee Ruushka ayaa lagu qiimeeyaa sida &quot;aad u sarreeya&quot; Tusmada Horumarinta Aadanaha ee sanadlaha ah .  Ku dhawaad ​​70% wadarta guud ee GDP-ga Ruushka waxa dhaqaajiya isticmaalka kama dambaysta ah , waddankuna waxa uu leeyahay suuqa laba iyo tobnaad ee ugu weyn adduunka ee macaamiisha .  Russia ayaa leh tirada shanaad ee ugu badan ee bilyaneerada adduunka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sinnaan la'aanta dakhligeeda ayaa weli ah mid aad u sarreeya marka loo eego waddamada kale ee horumaray.  Kala duwanaanshaha kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee maadooyinka federaalka ayaa sidoo kale horseeday kala duwanaansho dhaqaale ee gobolka . Heerarka sare ee musuqmaasuqa , hoos u dhaca dakhliga dhoofinta saliidda, xoog shaqaale oo sii yaraanaya, duulimaadka raasamaal ee dadka ,  iyo gabowga iyo hoos u dhaca dadweynaha ayaa sidoo kale ah caqabadaha waaweyn ee kobaca dhaqaalaha mustaqbalka. 
Ka dib duulaankii Ruushka ee 2022 ee Ukraine , waddanku wuxuu la kulmay cunaqabatayn ballaaran iyo falal kale oo maaliyadeed oo taban oo ka yimid dunida reer galbeedka iyo xulafadeeda kuwaas oo ujeeddadoodu tahay in dhaqaalaha Ruushka laga saaro nidaamka maaliyadeed ee reer galbeedka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Ruushku wuxuu soo gabagabeeyey u gudubka dhaqaalaha dagaalka , wuxuuna muujiyay adkeysiga tallaabooyinkan oo kale si ballaaran, ilaalinta xasilloonida dhaqaalaha iyo kobaca - oo ay ugu horreyso kharashaadka milatari ee sarreeya , kor u kaca isticmaalka qoyska iyo mushaharka , shaqo la'aanta yar ,  iyo korodhka kharashka dawladda . Hase yeeshee, sicir-bararka ayaa ahaa mid aad u sarreeya, oo leh khabiiro saadaaliyay in cunaqabatayntu ay saameyn xun ku yeelan doonto dhaqaalaha Ruushka muddo dheer.
===Gaadiidka iyo tamarta===
Gaadiidka tareenada ee Ruushka waxaa inta badan gacanta ku haya jidka tareenada ee ay dawladdu maamusho . Wadarta dhererka wadooyinka tareenada ee la wada isticmaalo waa kan saddexaad ee aduunka ugu dheer , oo dhaafa 87,000 km (54,100 mi).  Laga bilaabo 2019 , Ruushku waxa uu leeyahay shabakada shanaad ee aduunka ugu wayn , oo leh in ka badan 1.5 milyan km oo wadooyin ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cufnaanta waddooyinkeeda ayaa ka mid ah kuwa ugu hooseeya adduunka, qayb ahaan ilaa dhulkeeda ballaaran. Marin-biyoodyada gudaha ee Ruushka ayaa ah kuwa ugu dheer adduunka , oo dhan 102,000 km (63,380 mi).  Waxay leedahay in ka badan 900 garoon diyaaradeed , kaalinta toddobaad ee adduunka, kaas oo kan ugu mashquulka badan yahay Gegida Caalamiga ah ee Sheremetyevo ee Moscow. Dekadaha ugu waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah Dekedda Novorossiysk , Dekedda weyn ee Saint Petersburg iyo Dekedda Vladivostok
[[File:VL_85-022_container_train.jpg|thumb|Jidka Tareenka ee Trans-Siberian waa khadka tareenka ugu dheer adduunka, isaga oo ku xiraya Moscow ilaa Vladivostok]]
[[File:Airbus_A319-112,_CSA_-_Czech_Airlines_AN2166020.jpg|thumb|Gegida caalamiga ah ee Sheremetyevo waa madaarka ugu mashquulka badan Ruushka]]
Ruushka wuxuu leeyahay mid ka mid ah kheyraadka tamarta ugu weyn adduunka inta lagu jiro dhulkiisa ballaaran, gaar ahaan gaasta dabiiciga ah iyo saliidda , kuwaas oo door muhiim ah ka ciyaara isku filnaanshiyaha tamarta iyo dhoofinta.  Waxaa si weyn loogu tilmaamay inay tahay quwad sare oo tamarta ah . Ruushku waxa uu leeyahay kaydka gaaska ugu wayn ee la xaqiijiyay aduunka , kaydka dhuxusha labaad ee ugu wayn , kaydka saliida ee sideedaad ee ugu wayn ,  iyo kaydka saliida ee ugu wayn Yurub.  Laga bilaabo 2023 , sidoo kale waa soosaarka labaad ee ugu weyn  iyo dhoofinta saddexaad ee ugu badan ee gaaska dabiiciga ah ,  iyo sidoo kale soosaarka iyo dhoofinta saliidda ceyriin ee labaad .  Qaybta weyn ee saliidda iyo gaaska ee Ruushku waxay ku xisaabtameen 30% dakhliga miisaaniyada federaalka ee 2024, oo hoos uga dhacay 50% bartamihii 2010-meeyadii, taas oo soo jeedinaysa kala duwanaansho dhaqaale. 
Ruushka waa dalka saddexaad ee ugu wax soo saarka tamarta badan adduunka marka la gaaro 2023 .  Shidaalka fosilku wuxuu xisaabiyaa in ka badan 64% wax soo saarka tamarta iyo 87% isticmaalka tamarta.  Gaaska dabiiciga ah ayaa ilaa hadda ah isha ugu weyn ee tamarta, oo ka kooban kala bar wax soo saarka tamarta iyo 42% isticmaalka korontada.  Ruushku wuxuu ahaa waddankii ugu horreeyay ee horumariya awoodda nukliyeerka rayidka ah, isagoo dhisay warshaddii ugu horreysay ee nukliyeerka adduunka 1954, wuxuuna weli hormuud ka yahay tignoolajiyada tamarta nukliyeerka waxaana loo arkaa inuu yahay hoggaamiye caalami ah oo ka shaqeeya fal-celinta neutron -ka . Ruushku waa dunida afraad ee soo saarta tamarta nukliyeerka . Siyaasadda tamarta ee Ruushku waxay ujeedadeedu tahay in la ballaariyo doorka tamarta nukliyeerka iyo horumarinta tignoolajiyada cusub ee reactor. Ruushku waa dalka kaliya ee dhisa oo ka shaqeeya barafka ku shaqeeya tamarta nukliyeerka , kaas oo fududeeya marinka marinka badda woqooyi , : 192  oo ka caawiya ka faa'iidaysiga siyaasadiisa Arctic shelf continental shelf . 
Ruushka ayaa ku biiray heshiiskii Paris ee isbedelka cimilada 2015, waxayna ansixiyeen heshiiska 2019. Gaaska aqalka dhirta lagu sii daayo ayaa ah kan afaraad ee ugu weyn adduunka marka la gaaro 2023 .  Dhuxusha ayaa ka badan 10% isticmaalka tamarta. Ruushku waa soo saaraha shanaad ee ugu weyn ee tamarta korontada laga bilaabo 2022 , oo leh koronto koronto oo wax ku biirinaysa ku dhawaad ​​shanaad ee wadarta tamarta tamarta (17%). In kasta oo ay tahay tamarta siddeedaad ee ugu weyn ee la cusboonaysiin karo illaa 2023 , isticmaalka iyo horumarinta ilaha tamarta kale ee la cusboonaysiin karo ayaa weli ah mid aan muuqan,  maadaama Ruushku uu ka mid yahay dalal yar oo aan lahayn taageero xooggan oo dawladeed ama mid dadweyne oo loogu talagalay kala-guurka tamarta dib loo cusboonaysiin karo 
===Beeraha iyo kalluumaysiga===
[[File:Wheat_Tomsk.jpg|thumb|Hilibka ee gobolka Tomsk , Siberiya]]
Beeraha, kaymaha iyo kalluumaysigu waxay ka qaybqaataan 3.3% wadarta guud ee GDP ee dalka marka la eego sanadka 2023 .  Waxay leedahay aagga afraad ee adduunka ugu weyn ee la beero , oo ah 1,265,267 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (488,522 sq mi). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qallafsanaanta deegaankeeda awgeed, kaliya 13.1% dhulkeeda ayaa ah beeralay , iyada oo 7.4% dheeraad ah ay tahay mid la beeri karo . Dhulka beeralayda ee dalka waxa loo arkaa qayb ka mid ah &quot; dambiisha rootiga &quot; ee Yurub. In ka badan saddex-meelood meel meel la beero ayaa loo qoondeeyay dalagyada calafka, iyo dhul-beereedka soo haray waxaa loo isticmaalaa dalagyada warshadaha , khudaarta, iyo miraha. Wax soo saarka ugu muhiimsan ee beeralayda Ruushku waxay had iyo jeer ahayd hadhuudh, taas oo si fiican u fadhiisata kala badh dhulka dalagga.  Ruushku waa dhoofinta ugu badan ee sarreenka aduunka waana kan ugu badan ee soo saara shaciirka iyo qamadiga .   Waxa kale oo ay ka mid tahay dhoofinta ugu badan ee gallayda iyo saliidda gabbaldayaha , iyo sidoo kale hormoodka wax soo saarka bacriminta .
Falanqeeyayaasha kala duwan ee la qabsiga isbeddelka cimilada ayaa saadaaliyay fursadaha waaweyn ee beeraha Ruushka inta lagu jiro inta ka hartay qarniga 21-aad iyadoo awood-u-heliddu ay sii kordheyso Siberiya, taas oo horseedi doonta u haajiridda gudaha iyo dibedda labadaba gobolka.  Iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay xeebta weyn ee ay ku teedsan yihiin saddex badood iyo laba iyo toban badood oo cidhifyo ah, Ruushku waxa uu ilaaliyaa warshadaha kalluumaysiga ee lixaad ee ugu wayn adduunka , isaga oo qabsaday ku dhawaad ​​5 milyan oo tan oo kalluun ah 2018 . wadarta kalluunka cusub iyo barafaysan.
===Sayniska iyo farsamada===
Ruushku wuxuu ku kharash gareeyay 1% GDP-ga cilmi baarista iyo horumarinta sanadka 2019, iyada oo leh miisaaniyada tobnaad ee ugu sareysa adduunka .  Waxa kale oo ay gashay kaalinta tobnaad ee aduunka tirada daabacaadaha sayniska ee 2020, iyada oo ku dhawaad ​​1.3 milyan oo waraaqo ah. Ilaa 1904tii, Nobel Prize waxaa la guddoonsiiyay 26 Soofiyeedka iyo Ruushka xagga fiisigiska , kimistariga , caafimaadka , dhaqaalaha , suugaanta iyo nabadda . Ruushku wuxuu galay 60th ee Tusaha Hal-abuurka Caalamiga ah ee 2024, oo hoos uga dhacay 45th ee 2021. 
Tan iyo wakhtiyadii Nikolay Lobachevsky , oo hormuud ka ahaa joomatari aan Euclidean ahayn , iyo Pafnuty Chebyshev , oo ah macalin caan ah, xisaabyahannada Ruushku waxay noqdeen kuwa ugu saameynta badan adduunka. Dmitry Mendeleev waxa uu alifay miiska xilliyeedka , oo ah qaabka ugu muhiimsan ee kimistariga casriga ah . Sagaal xisaabyahan oo Soofiyeedka iyo Ruushka ah ayaa lagu abaalmariyay Biladda Goobaha . Grigori Perelman waxaa la siiyay Abaalmarinta Dhibaatada Abaalmarinta Clay Millennium Prize ee caddayntiisii ​​​​ugu dambeysay ee malo-awaalka Poincaré ee 2002, iyo sidoo kale Biladda Beeraha ee 2006
[[File:M.V._Lomonosov_by_L.Miropolskiy_after_G.C.Prenner_(1787,_RAN).jpg|thumb|Mikhail Lomonosov (1711-1765), saynisyahano xisaabeed , hal-abuure, gabayaa iyo farshaxan]]
Alexander Popov wuxuu ka mid ahaa hal-abuurayaashii raadiyaha , halka Nikolai Basov iyo Alexander Prokhorov ay ka mid ahaayeen hal-abuurayaasha laser iyo maser . Oleg Losev waxa uu sameeyay tabarucaad muhiim ah oo ku saabsan isgoysyada semiconductor , waxa uuna helay diodes iftiin leh . Vladimir Vernadsky waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah aasaasayaashii geochemistry , biochemistry , iyo radiogeology .  Élie Metchnikoff is known for his groundbreaking research in immunology. Ivan Pavlov is known chiefly for his work in classical conditioning  Lev Landau made fundamental contributions to many areas of theoretical physics.
Nikolai Vavilov ayaa si fiican loogu yaqaanay inuu aqoonsaday xarumaha asalka ah ee dhirta la beeray .Trofim Lysenko wuxuu caan ku ahaa Lysenkoism .Saynisyahano badan oo caan ah oo Ruush ah iyo hal-abuurayaal ayaa ahaa émigrés . Igor Sikorsky wuxuu ahaa hormuudka duulista . Vladimir Zworykin wuxuu ahaa hal-abuuraha nidaamka telefishinka iconoscope iyo kinescope .  Theodosius Dobzhansky wuxuu ahaa qofka udub dhexaad u ah cilmiga bayoolajiga evolutionary shaqadiisa ee qaabaynta isku dhafka casriga ah . George Gamow wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah u doodayaasha ugu horreeya ee aragtida Big Bang
===Sahminta hawada sare===
[[File:Mir_on_12_June_1998edit1.jpg|thumb|Mir , Saldhigga hawada sare ee Ruushka oo ka shaqayn jiray LEO]]
Roscosmos waa wakaaladda hawada sare ee qaranka Ruushka. Guulaha dalka ee dhanka tignoolajiyada hawada sare iyo sahaminta hawada waxaa dib loogu celin karaa Konstantin Tsiolkovsky , oo ah aabaha astronautics aragtiyeed , kuwaas oo shaqooyinkooda ay dhiiri galiyeen hogaaminta injineerada gantaalada Soofiyeedka, sida Sergey Korolyov , Valentin Glushko , iyo qaar kale oo badan oo gacan ka gaystay guusha barnaamijka hawada Soofiyeedka ee marxaladaha hore ee ka baxsan tartanka : 6–7, 333 
Sannadkii 1957-kii, waxa la diray dayax-gacmeedkii ugu horreeyay ee ku wareegaya Dhulka , Sputnik 1 . Sannadkii 1961-kii, safarkii ugu horreeyay ee bini-aadminimo ee hawada sare waxaa si guul leh u sameeyay Yuri Gagarin . Qaar badan oo kale oo ka mid ah diiwaannada sahaminta hawada ee Soofiyeedka iyo Ruushka ayaa dhacay. Sannadkii 1963-kii, Valentina Tereshkova waxay noqotay haweeneydii ugu horreysay iyo tan ugu da'da yar hawada sare , iyadoo duullimaad kaligeed ku tagtay Vostok 6 .  Sannadkii 1965, Alexei Leonov wuxuu noqday bini'aadmigii ugu horreeyay ee sameeya socodka hawada sare , isaga oo ka soo baxay kaabsalka hawada sare intii lagu jiray Voskhod 2 . 
Sannadkii 1957-kii, Laika , oo ah eyga hawada sare ee Soofiyeedka , ayaa noqday xayawaankii ugu horreeyay ee ku wareega dhulka, dushiisa Sputnik 2 .  Sannadkii 1966kii, Luna 9 waxa ay noqotay dayax-gacmeedkii ugu horreeyay ee gaadha ku degista badbaadada ee jidhka samada , Dayaxa .  Sannadkii 1968-kii, Zond 5 wuxuu keenay Earthlings-kii ugu horreeyay (laba tortoises iyo qaab nololeed oo kale) si ay u wareegaan Dayaxa.  Sannadkii 1970-kii, Venera 7 wuxuu noqday dayax-gacmeedkii ugu horreeyay ee ku degay meere kale, Venus .  Sannadkii 1971, Mars 3 wuxuu noqday dayax-gacmeedkii ugu horreeyay ee ku degay Mars . : 34-60  Isla muddadaas, Lunokhod 1 waxay noqotay sahaminta hawada sare ee ugu horreysa , halka Salyut 1 ay noqotay saldhigga hawada sare ee ugu horreeya .
Laga bilaabo 2023 , Ruushku wuxuu leeyahay 181 dayax-gacmeed firfircoon oo hawada sare ah, kaas oo ah kan saddexaad ee ugu sarreeya adduunka.  Intii u dhaxaysay duulimaadkii u dambeeyay ee barnaamijka Shuttle Space ee 2011 iyo 2020 SpaceX hawsheedii ugu horreysay ee shaqaalaheeda , gantaallada Soyuz ayaa ahaa baabuurta kaliya ee soo rididda awood u leh in ay cirbixiyeennada geeyaan ISS .Luna 25 ayaa la bilaabay Agoosto 2023, waxay ahayd tii ugu horreysay ee barnaamijka sahaminta dayaxa Luna-Glob
===Dalxiiska===
[[File:Grand_Cascade_in_Peterhof_01.jpg|thumb|Peterhof Palace ee Saint Petersburg, oo ah goobta Dhaxalka Adduunka ee UNESCO]]
Dalxiisayaasha ajnabiga ah intooda badan waxay ka yimaadaan Shiinaha.  Waddooyinka dalxiiska ee waaweyn ee Ruushka waxaa ka mid ah safar ku wareegsan giraanta dahabiga ah ee Ruushka , marinka mawduuca ee magaalooyinka qadiimiga ah ee Ruushka; safarrada wabiyada waaweyn sida Volga; wuxuu ku socdaa safafka buuraha sida Buuraha Caucasus , iyo safarrada jidka caanka ah ee Trans-Siberian Railway .  Goobaha ugu caansan ee Russia waxaa ka mid ah Red Square , Peterhof Palace , Kazan Kremlin , Trinity Lavra ee St. Sergius iyo Lake Baikal. 
Moscow, oo ah caasimadda guud ee qaranka iyo xudunta taariikhiga ah, waa megacity casri ah oo mashquul badan ; Waxay haysaa qaab dhismeedka qadiimiga ah iyo xilligii Soofiyeedka iyadoo ku faanaysa farshaxan sare, ballet heer caalami ah, iyo dhismayaal casri ah . Saint Petersburg , caasimadda Imperial, waxay caan ku tahay naqshadaha qadiimiga ah, cathedrals, matxafyada iyo tiyaatarada, habeenada cadcad , wabiyada qallafsan iyo kanaalo badan.  Ruushku wuxuu caan ku yahay aduunka oo dhan madxafyada hodanka ah, sida Ruushka State Ruush , Hermitage State , iyo Tretyakov Gallery , iyo tiyaatarada sida Bolshoi iyo Mariinsky . Moscow Kremlin iyo Saint Basil's Cathedral waxay ka mid yihiin calaamadaha dhaqameed ee Ruushka.
===Tirakoobka dadweynaha===
[[File:Russia_Population_Density_Map_2021.png|thumb|Cufnaanta dadweynaha ee degmooyinka Ruushka marka loo eego tirakoobka 2021]]
[[File:Ethnic_groups_in_Russia_of_more_than_1_million_people_2010_Census_English.png|thumb|Qowmiyadaha Ruushka oo ay ku nool yihiin in ka badan hal milyan marka loo eego tirakoobkii 2010-kii]]
Ruushka waxa lagu qiyaasey 146.0 milyan 2025 (143.6 milyan marka laga reebo Crimea iyo Sevastopol),  ayaa hoos uga dhacay 147.2 milyan tirakoobkii 2021 . Waa dalka ugu dadka badan Yurub iyo dalka sagaalaad ee ugu dadka badan adduunka. Iyada oo cufnaanta dadweynaha ee 8.5 dadka deggan kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (22 degane / sq mi),  Ruushku waa mid ka mid ah waddammada adduunka ugu dadka yar , iyada oo inta badan dadkeedu ay ku urursan yihiin qaybteeda galbeedka . Dalku aad buu u magaaleeyay , iyadoo saddex-meelood laba meel ay ku nool yihiin magaalooyinka . Ilaa 2024 , wadarta heerka bacriminta guud ahaan Ruushka waxaa lagu qiyaasay 1.41 carruur ah oo dhashey haweeneydiiba,  taas oo ka hooseysa heerka beddelka 2.1 iyo kuwa ugu hooseeya adduunka . Ka dib, waxay leedahay mid ka mid ah dadka ugu da'da weyn adduunka, oo leh da'da dhexe ee 41.9 sano. 
Dadka Ruushku waxa ay kor u dhaafeen in ka badan 148 milyan sanadkii 1993-kii, ka dib markii ay hoos u dhaceen heerka dhimashadu oo kor u dhaaftay heerka dhalashada , taas oo falanqeeyayaasha qaar ay ku tilmaameen dhibaato bulsho .  Sannadkii 2009, waxay diiwaangelisay kobaca dadweynaha sannadlaha ah markii ugu horreysay shan iyo toban sano, ka dibna waxay la kulantay kobaca dadweynaha sannadlaha ah sababtoo ah heerarka dhimashada oo hoos u dhacay , heerarka dhalashada oo kordhay , iyo socdaalka oo kordhay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, faa'iidooyinka dadwaynaha ayaa dib loo rogay tan iyo 2020, maadaama dhimashada xad dhaafka ah ee COVID-19 ay sababtay hoos u dhaca nabadeed ee ugu weyn taariikhda.  Ka dib duulaankii Ruushka ee Ukrain ee 2022 , dhibaatada tirakoobka ayaa sii korodhay, taas oo ay sabab u tahay dhimashada sare ee militariga [ 505 ] iyo dib u soo cusboonaysiinta socdaalka .  Daraasadihii ugu dambeeyay waxay muujiyeen in inta u dhaxaysa 15-45% muhaajiriinta Ruushku ay ku noqdeen Ruushka, inkastoo tirooyinkani aysan ahayn kuwo dhammaystiran. 
Ruushku waa dawlad caalami ah oo leh maamulo hoosaadyo badan oo xiriir la leh beelaha laga tirada badan yahay ee kala duwan. Waxaa jira in ka badan 193 qoomiyadood oo dalka oo dhan ah . Tirakoobkii 2010, ku dhawaad ​​81% dadku waxay ahaayeen qowmiyada Ruushka , 19% soo hadhayna waxay ahaayeen qowmiyado laga tiro badan yahay. In ka badan afar-meelood afar ka mid ah dadka Ruushku waxay ka soo jeedaan Yurub - kuwaas oo badidoodu ahaayeen Slavs ,  oo leh tiro aad u tiro badan oo Finno-Ugric ah iyo dadyowga Jarmalka . Ruushka waxa uu leeyahay dadka soogalootiga ah ee saddexaad ee ugu badan adduunka, iyada oo in ka badan 12 milyan oo muhaajiriin ah ay deggan yihiin waddanka illaa 2019 . Inta badan dadka soo galootiga ah waxay ka soo jeedaan dawladihii ka dambeeyay Soviet-ka , iyadoo kala bar ay ka yimaadeen Ukraine iyo Kazakhstan ilaa 2020
===Luuqad===
'''Luqadaha laga tirada badan yahay ee Ruushka oo dhan'''
[[File:Linguistic_map_of_the_Altaic,_Turkic_and_Uralic_languages_(en).png|thumb|Luuqadaha Altaic iyo Uralic ee lagaga hadlo guud ahaan Ruushka]]
[[File:Caucasus-ethnic_en.svg|thumb|Luuqadaha Altaic iyo Uralic ee lagaga hadlo guud ahaan Ruushka]]
[[File:Caucasus-ethnic_en.svg|thumb|Waqooyiga Caucasus waa qawmiyad - luqad ahaan kala duwan]]
Ruushku waa luqadda rasmiga ah iyo luqadda inta badan lagaga hadlo Ruushka. Waa luqadda hooyo ee loogu hadlo Yurub, luqadda ugu badan ee juquraafi ahaan ee Eurasia, iyo sidoo kale luqadda Slavic ee ugu ballaaran adduunka . Ruushku waa mid ka mid ah labada luuqadood ee rasmiga ah ee saaran saldhiga hawada sare ee caalamiga ah , iyo sidoo kale mid ka mid ah lixda luuqadood ee rasmiga ah ee Qaramada Midoobay . 
Ruushku waa waddan ku hadla luqado badan : qiyaastii 100-150 luqadood oo laga tirada badan yahay ayaa lagaga hadlaa dalka oo dhan.  Marka loo eego Tirakoobka Ruushka ee 2010 , 137.5 milyan oo dalka oo dhan ayaa ku hadla afka Ruushka, 3.1 milyan waxay ku hadlaan Tataarka , 1.1 milyan waxay ku hadlaan Yukreeniyaan . Dastuurku waxa uu siinayaa jamhuuriyadaha dalka gaar ka ah xaqa ay u leeyihiin in ay samaystaan ​​luuqado dawladeed oo u gaar ah marka laga reebo Ruushka, sidoo kale waxa uu dammaanad qaadayaa muwaadiniintooda xaqa ay u leeyihiin in ay ilaashadaan afkooda hooyo iyo in ay u abuuraan shuruudo ay ku bartaan iyo horumarkooda.  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, khubaro kala duwan ayaa ku andacoodey in kala duwanaanta luqadda Ruushku ay si degdeg ah hoos ugu dhacday sababtoo ah luuqado badan oo halis ah 
===Diinta===
[[File:День Святой Троицы. Престольный праздник.jpg|thumb|Axadda Trinity ee Ruushka; Kaniisada Ortodokska ee ruushka waxa ay soo martay dib u soo noolayn aad u wayn tan iyo burburkii Midowgii Soofiyeeti , oo ahaa wadan lahaa siyaasad dawladeed oo cawaan ah .]]
Ruushku dastuur ahaan waa dawlad cilmaani ah oo si rasmi ah u ilaalisa xorriyadda diinta. Diinta ugu weyn waa diinta Masiixiga ee Eastern Ortodokska , oo ay ugu weyn tahay Kaniisadda Ortodokska ee Ruushka , kaas oo si sharci ah loogu aqoonsan yahay &quot;doorka gaarka ah&quot; ee dalka &quot;taariikhda iyo samaynta iyo horumarinta ruuxa iyo dhaqanka.&quot; Masiixiyadda , Islaamka , Yuhuudda , iyo Budhiismka waxa sharciga Ruushku u aqoonsan yahay diimaha &quot;dhaqameed&quot; ee dalka oo ka kooban &quot;dhaxalka taariikhiga ah&quot;.
Islaamku waa diinta labaad ee ugu weyn Ruushka waxayna dhaqan u tahay inta badan dadyowga ku nool Waqooyiga Caucasus iyo qaar ka mid ah dadyowga Turkiga ee ku nool gobolka Volga-Ural . Dad badan oo Buddhist ah ayaa laga helaa Kalmykia , Buryatia , Zabaykalsky Krai , waana dadka ugu badan ee ku nool Tuva .  Dadka dayacan waxay ku dhaqmaan diimaha kale - sida Rodnovery (Slavic Neopaganism), Assianism (Scythian Neopaganism),  qowmiyadaha kale ee Paganisms, iyo dhaqdhaqaaqyada u dhexeeya Pagan sida Ringing Cedars ' Anastasianism , ee Siberianism .iyo Tengrism , dhaqdhaqaaqyo Neo-Theosophical kala duwan sida Roerichism - oo ka mid ah diimaha kale.  Qaar ka mid ah diimaha laga tirada badan yahay ayaa la kulmay cadaadis qaarna waa laga mamnuucay dalka: gaar ahaan, 2017 Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ayaa laga mamnuucay Ruushka, iyagoo wajahaya cadaadis tan iyo markaas, ka dib markii lagu dhawaaqay &quot;xagjir&quot; iyo &quot;aan caadi ahayn&quot; iimaan. 
Sannadkii 2012, ururka cilmi-baarista Sreda, oo kaashanaya Wasaaradda Cadaaladda , ayaa daabacay Arena Atlas, oo ku xiran tirakoobka 2010, oo si faahfaahsan u tiraya dadka diinta iyo jinsiyadaha ee Ruushka, oo ku salaysan sahan ballaaran oo waddanka oo dhan ah. Natiijooyinka ayaa muujiyay in 47.3% Ruushku ay ku dhawaaqeen inay yihiin Masiixiyiin - oo ay ku jiraan 41% Ruushka Ortodokska, 1.5% si fudud Ortodoks ama xubnaha kaniisadaha Ortodokska ee aan Ruushka ahayn, 4.1% Masiixiyiin aan xiriir la lahayn, iyo in ka yar 1% rumaystayaasha hore , Catholics ama Protestants - 25% waxay ahaayeen rumaystayaal aan xiriir la lahayn diin gaar ah , 13% waxay ahaayeen Muslimiin , 13% waxay ahaayeen k . 1.2% waxay ahaayeen kuwa raacsan &quot;diimaha dhaqameed ee ixtiraamaya ilaahyada iyo awoowayaasha&quot; ( Rodnovery , Paganisms kale, Shamanism Siberian iyo Tengrism ), 0.5% waxay ahaayeen Buddhist, 0.1% waxay ahaayeen Yuhuud diimeed iyo 0.1% waxay ahaayeen Hindus.
===Waxbarashada===
[[File:МГУ, вид с воздуха.jpg|thumb|Moscow State University , machadyada waxbarashada ugu caansan ee Russia]]

Moscow State University , machadyada waxbarashada ugu caansan ee Russia 
Ruushku waxa uu leeyahay heerka wax-akhriska dadka waaweyn ee 100%,  waxana uu leeyahay waxbarasho khasab ah muddo 11 sano ah, gaar ahaan carruurta da'doodu tahay 7 ilaa 17-18. Waxay siisa waxbarasho bilaash ah muwaadiniinteeda dastuur ahaan. Wasaaradda Waxbarashada ee Ruushka ayaa mas'uul ka ah waxbarashada aasaasiga ah iyo dugsiga sare, iyo sidoo kale waxbarashada farsamada gacanta, halka Wasaaradda Waxbarashada iyo Sayniska ee Ruushka ay mas'uul ka tahay sayniska iyo tacliinta sare. Mas'uuliyiinta gobolku waxay nidaamiyaan waxbarashada gudaha xukunkooda iyadoo la raacayo qaabka jira ee sharciyada federaalka. Russia waxa ay ka mid tahay wadamada aduunka ugu aqoonta badan,waxana uu leeyahay qaybta lixaad ee ugu saraysa ee ka qalin jabiyay heerka jaamacadeed marka la eego boqolkiiba dadka,iyada oo 62%. 
Nidaamka waxbarashada dugsiga ka hor ee Ruushka waa mid aad u horumarsan oo ikhtiyaari ah,  qaar ka mid ah shan-meelood afar meel carruurta ay da'doodu u dhaxayso 3 ilaa 6 waxay dhigtaan xannaano-maalmeedyo ama xannaanooyin. Dugsiga hoose waa qasab kow iyo toban sano, laga bilaabo da'da 6 ilaa 7, oo u horseedaya shahaadada waxbarashada guud ee aasaasiga ah. Laba ama saddex sano oo dheeraad ah oo dugsi ayaa looga baahan yahay shahaadada heerka labaad, iyo qaar ka mid ah toddoba-meeloodba siddeed ee Ruushku waxay sii wataan waxbarashadooda oo dhaaftay heerkan. 
Gelitaanka machadka tacliinta sare waa doorasho iyo tartan aad u sarreeya:   koorsooyinka heerka koowaad waxay caadi ahaan qaataan shan sano.  Jaamacadaha ugu da'da weyn iyo kuwa ugu waaweyn Russia waa Jaamacadda Gobolka Moscow iyo Jaamacadda Gobolka Saint Petersburg .Waxaa jira toban jaamacadood oo heer federaal ah oo dalka oo dhan ah.
===Caafimaadka===
Ruushku dastuur ahaan wuxuu dammaanad qaadayaa daryeel caafimaad oo bilaash ah, oo caalami ah dhammaan muwaadiniinta Ruushka iyada oo loo marayo barnaamijka caymiska caafimaadka dawladda ee khasabka ah.  Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ee Federaalka Ruushka waxay kormeertaa nidaamka daryeelka caafimaadka dadweynaha ee Ruushka, qaybtana waxaa ka shaqeeya in ka badan laba milyan oo qof. Gobollada federaalku sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin waaxyo caafimaad oo u gaar ah oo kormeera maamulka deegaanka. Qorshe caymis caafimaad oo gaar ah ayaa loo baahan yahay si loo helo daryeel caafimaad oo gaar ah gudaha Ruushka.
[[File:Metallurg_Sochi.jpg|thumb|Metallurg, sanatorium xilligii Soofiyeedka ee Sochi]]

Ruushka ayaa 7.39% GDP-giisa ku kharash gareeyay daryeelka caafimaadka 2021.  Kharashkeeda daryeelka caafimaadku aad ayuu uga hooseeyaa waddamada kale ee horumaray.  Ruushku waxa uu leeyahay mid ka mid ah saamiga ugu jinsiga badan ee dumarka adduunka , iyada oo 0.859 lab ah dhedig kasta,  sababtoo ah heerka dhimashada ragga ee sarreeya . Laga soo bilaabo 2022 , rajada nolosha guud ee Russia markay dhalatay waa 73 sano (68 sano ragga iyo 78 sano dumarka),  korodhka qiyaastii 4.86 sano laga bilaabo 2000. Wadanku wuxuu leeyahay heer aad u hooseeya (40 dhalashada dhalashada 0 ).
Sababaha ugu waaweyn ee dhimashada Russia waa cudurrada wadnaha iyo xididdada dhiigga .  Heerka isticmaalka khamriga taariikhiga ah ee waddanku waa arrinta ugu weyn ee caafimaadka, maadaama ay weli tahay mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu sarreeya adduunka , inkastoo hoos u dhac weyn uu ku yimid tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay.  Arrimaha kale ee caafimaad ee baahsan waa cayilka , dadka waaweyn intooda badan waa cayil ama cayil , iyo sigaar cabista , taas oo ka mid ah kuwa ugu sarreeya adduunka Heerka isdilka sare ee Ruushka ayaa sidoo kale ah arrin bulsho oo muhiim ah. 
==Dhaqanka==
[[File:Moscow-Bolshoi-Theare-1.jpg|thumb|Tiyaatarka Bolshoi ee Moscow, habeenkii]]
Dhaqanka Ruushku waxa uu ka tarjumayaa isku-dhafka dheer, tartiib-tartiib ah, iyo isku-dhafan ee walxo kala duwan oo ku beegan qarniyo badan oo horumarineed, ballaarin, iyo is-dhexgalka dadyo kala duwan, dhaqdhaqaaqyo farshaxan, iyo dhaqamo. Ruushku wuxuu si weyn u saameeyay muusiga qadiimiga ah ,  ballet ,  masraxa, xisaabta , ciyaaraha ,  rinjiyeynta , iyo cinema  Qorayaasha Ruushka iyo faylasuufyada ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaaray horumarinta suugaanta Yurub   iyo fikirka. Ruushku waxa kale oo uu gacan ka gaystay saayniska, tignoolajiyada iyo sahaminta hawada sare . 
Ruushku waxa uu hoy u yahay 32 goobood oo ah Dhaxalka Adduunka ee UNESCO , 21 ka mid ah waa dhaqameed, halka 31 ay ku jiraan liiska hordhaca ah.  Qurba-joogta caalamiga ah ee Ruushka ayaa sidoo kale door weyn ka qaatay faafinta dhaqanka Ruushka ee adduunka oo dhan. Astaanta qaranka Ruushka, gorgorka laba-madaxa leh , waxay dib ugu noqotaa xilligii Tsardom waxaana lagu muujiyay jaakaddeeda hubka iyo heraldry . Bear -ka Ruushka iyo Hooyada Ruushka waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa sida shakhsiyadda qaranka ee dalka. Caruusadaha Matryoshka waxaa loo tixgeliyaa astaanta dhaqameed ee Ruushka
===Fasaxyada===
Ruushku waxa uu leeyahay siddeed fasax oo rasmi ah oo ka kooban xusaska dadweynaha, waddaniyadda, iyo diinta. Sannadku wuxuu ka bilaabmaa Maalinta Sannadka Cusub ee 1 Janaayo, ugu dhakhsaha badan waxaa ku xiga Kirismaska ​​Ortodokska ee Ruushka 7da Janaayo; labaduba waa ciidaha ugu caansan dalka.  Difaacaha Maalinta Aabbaha , oo u heellan raga, waxaa loo dabaaldegaa 23ka Febraayo.  Maalinta Caalamiga ah ee Haweenka ee 8-da Maarso, waxay kasbatay Ruushka xilligii Soofiyeedka. Dabaaldegga sannadlaha ah ee haweenka ayaa noqday mid caan ah, gaar ahaan ragga Ruushka ah, in iibiyeyaasha ubaxa ee Moscow ay inta badan arkaan faa'iidada &quot;shan iyo toban jeer&quot; in ka badan marka loo eego fasaxyada kale.  Maalinta Gu'ga iyo Shaqaalaha , asal ahaan fasaxa xilligii Soofiyeedka ee loogu talagalay shaqaalaha, ayaa loo dabaaldegaa 1 May.
[[File:Алые паруса.jpg|thumb|Shiraacyada Scarlet oo lagu dabaaldegayo hareeraha Neva ee Saint Petersburg]]
Maalinta Guusha , taas oo sharaf u ah guushii Soofiyeedka ee Nazi Germany iyo Dhamaadka Dagaalkii Adduunka II ee Europe , waxaa loo dabaal 9 May sida dhoolatus weyn sannadlaha ah ee Moscow ee Red Square iyo calaamadee dhacdada caanka ah ee guutada Immortal . Ciidaha kale ee waddaniga ah waxaa ka mid ah Maalinta Ruushka ee 12 June, oo loo dabaaldego xuska madaxbannaanida Ruushka ee ka soo horjeeda Midowga Soofiyeeti ee burburay,  iyo Maalinta Midnimada ee 4 November, oo lagu xusayo kacdoonkii 1612 ee calaamadeeyay dhammaadka qabsashadii Polish ee Moscow . 
Waxaa jira fasaxyo badan oo caan ah oo aan dadweynaha ahayn. Sannadka cusub ee hore waxa la dabaaldegaa 14ka Janaayo.  Maslenitsa waa fasax qadiimi ah oo caan ah Bariga Slavic. Maalinta Cosmonautics ee 12 Abriil, oo lagu maamuusayo safarkii ugu horreeyay ee aadanaha ee hawada.  Laba ciidood oo Masiixi ah oo waaweyn waa Easter iyo Trinity Sunday 
===Farshaxanka iyo dhismaha===
Rinjiyeynta hore ee Ruushka waxa lagu matalay astaamo iyo frescos firfircoon . Horraantii qarnigii 15-aad, farshaxan-yaqaanka caanka ah ee Andrei Rublev wuxuu abuuray qaar ka mid ah farshaxanka diineed ee ugu qaalisan ee Ruushka.  Akadeemiyada Farshaxanka ee Ruushka , oo la aasaasay 1757 si loo tababaro farshaxannada Ruushka, waxay keentay farsamooyinka reer galbeedka ee rinjiyeynta cilmaaniga ah ee Ruushka. Qarnigii 18-aad, aqoonyahannada Ivan Argunov , Dmitry Levitzky , Vladimir Borovikovsky waxay noqdeen kuwo saameyn leh. Horraantii qarnigii 19-aad waxay aragtay sawirro badan oo caan ah Karl Briullov iyo Alexander Ivanov , kuwaas oo labaduba loo yaqaanay sawiro taariikhi ah oo Romantic ah .Ivan Aivazovsky , rinji kale oo Romantic ah, ayaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah sayidyada ugu weyn ee farshaxanka badda .
[[File:Karl_Brullov_-_The_Last_Day_of_Pompeii_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|thumb|Karl Bryullov , Maalinta ugu dambeysa ee Pompeii (1833]]
[[File:Winter_Palace_Panorama_3.jpg|thumb|Qasriga Jiilaalka wuxuu u adeegay sidii deggenaansho rasmi ah ee Boqortooyada Ruushka]]
1860-meeyadii, koox ka mid ah xaqiiqooyinka muhiimka ah ( Peredvizhniki ), oo uu hogaaminayay Ivan Kramskoy , Ilya Repin iyo Vasily Perov ayaa jebiyey akadeemiyadda, waxayna ku sawireen dhinacyada badan ee nolosha bulshada ee sawirada.  Qarnigii 20aad waxa la arkay kor u kaca calaamadda , oo ay u taagan yihiin Mikhail Vrubel iyo Nicholas Roerich .  Avant -garde Ruushku wuxuu kobcay qiyaastii 1890 ilaa 1930; Fannaaniinta adduunka saamaynta ku leh waayahaan waxay ahaayeen El Lissitzky , Kazimir Malevich , Natalia Goncharova , Wassily Kandinsky , iyo Marc Chagall . 
Taariikhda dhismaha Ruushku wuxuu ka bilaabmaa dhismayaal hore oo alwaax ah oo Slavs qadiimiga ah iyo dhismaha kaniisadda Kievan Rus ' . Masiixaynta Kievan Rus' waxay keentay qarniyo badan dhismaha Byzantine . Ka dib qabsashadii Mongol, Kievan Rus 'ayaa jaray xiriirkii ay la lahayd Boqortooyada Byzantine, iyo naqshadaha Ruushku waxay arkeen hal-abuuro asal ah, sida hal-abuurnimada iconostasis . Aristotle Fioravanti iyo naqshadeeyayaasha kale ee Talyaanigu waxay keeneen isbeddellada Renaissance ee Maamulka Sare ee Moscow , taas oo saameyn ku yeelatay dib u dhiska Kremlin ee Moscow .  Qarnigii 16aad wuxuu arkay horumarinta kaniisadaha teendhada u eg iyo naqshadaynta basasha , taas oo ah muuqaal gaar ah oo ka mid ah naqshadaha Ruushka.  Qarnigii 17-aad, &quot;qaabka dabka&quot; ee qurxinta ayaa ku soo batay Moscow iyo Yaroslavl , si tartiib tartiib ah u gogol xaareysa Naryshkin baroque ee 1680-meeyadii. 
Ka dib dib-u-habaynta Peter The Great, naqshadaha Ruushka ayaa saameyn ku yeeshay qaababka Galbeedka Yurub.  Dhadhanka qarniga 18-aad ee dhismaha Rococo wuxuu horseeday shaqooyinka Bartolomeo Rastrelli iyo taageerayaashiisa . Dhismayaasha Ruushka ee ugu saameynta badan qarnigii siddeed iyo tobnaad, Vasily Bazhenov , Matvey Kazakov , iyo Ivan Starov , waxay sameeyeen taallooyin waara oo ku yaal Moscow iyo Saint Petersburg waxayna aasaaseen saldhigyo badan oo Ruush ah oo raacay.  Intii lagu jiray xukunka Catherine the Great, Saint Petersburg waxaa loo beddelay matxaf bannaanka ah ee naqshadaha Neoclassical . Under Alexander I, qaabka Boqortooyada wuxuu noqday qaab-dhismeedka dhabta ah . Qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii 19-aad waxaa xukumay Neo-Byzantine iyo qaabka Soo noolaynta Ruushka . Horraantii qarnigii 20aad, soo noolaynta neoclassical Ruush waxay noqotay isbeddel.  Hababka ugu badan ee qarnigii 20aad ee dabayaaqadii waxay ahaayeen Art Nouveau ,  Dhismaha , iyo Hantiwadaaga Classicism
===Muusiga===
[[File:Portr%C3%A4t_des_Komponisten_Pjotr_I._Tschaikowski_(1840-1893).jpg|thumb|Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893), rinjiyeynta 1893 ee Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kuznetsov]]

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893), rinjiyeynta 1893 ee Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kuznetsov
Ilaa qarnigii 18aad, muusiga Ruushka wuxuu ka koobnaa inta badan muusikada kaniisadda iyo heesaha dhaqanka iyo qoob ka ciyaarka.  Qarnigii 19-aad, waxa lagu qeexay xiisadda u dhaxaysa laxamiistaha qadiimiga ah Mikhail Glinka oo ay weheliyaan xubno kale oo ka tirsan The Mighty Handful , kuwaas oo markii dambe ay ku guulaysteen goobada Belyayev , iyo Ururka Muusiga ee Ruushka oo ay hogaaminayaan laxanayaasha Anton iyo Nikolay Rubinstein . Dhaqankii dambe ee Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky , mid ka mid ah halabuurayaashii ugu weynaa ee xilligii Romantic, ayaa sii waday ilaa qarnigii 20aad Sergei Rachmaninoff . Halabuurayaashii dunida caanka ka ahaa ee qarnigii 20-aad waxaa ka mid ah Alexander Scriabin , Alexander Glazunov ,  Igor Stravinsky , Sergei Prokofiev iyo Dmitri Shostakovich , ka dibna Edison Denisov , Sofia Gubaidulina ,  Georgy Sviridov ,  iyo Alf . 
Intii lagu jiray xilligii Soofiyeedka, muusigga caanka ah wuxuu sidoo kale soo saaray tiro caan ah oo caan ah, sida labada balladeers - Vladimir Vysotsky iyo Bulat Okudzhava ,  iyo jilayaasha sida Alla Pugacheva . Jazz , xitaa iyada oo cunaqabatayn ka timid maamulka Soofiyeedka, ayaa u kobcay oo u xuubsiibtay mid ka mid ah noocyada muusiga ee ugu caansan dalka. Sannadkii 1980-meeyadii, muusiga dhagaxa ayaa caan ka noqday Ruushka oo dhan, wuxuuna soo saaray kooxo ay ka mid yihiin Aria , Aquarium ,  DDT ,  iyo Kino ; Hogaamiyihii dambe Viktor Tsoi , wuxuu ahaa gaar ahaan, qof weyn.  Muusigga Pop-gu wuxuu ku sii socday inuu ku faafo Ruushka tan iyo 1960-meeyadii, iyada oo la adeegsanayo ficillo caan ah oo caalami ah sida taTu
===Cunto===
[[File:Mint_bread_kvas.jpg|thumb|Kvass waa cabitaan qadiimi ah oo Ruush ah.]]
Cunnada Ruushka waxaa sameeyay cimilada kala duwan ee dalka, dhaqanka iyo diinta, iyo juqraafiga ballaaran; waxay la mid tahay dalalka deriska ah. Dalagga galley , qamadiga, shaciir , iyo masago ayaa bixiya maaddooyinka rootiga, canjeelada iyo badarka kala duwan, iyo sidoo kale cabitaano badan. Rooti , ​​noocyo badan oo kala duwan ah,  ayaa aad looga jecel yahay Ruushka oo dhan. Maraqa dhadhanka leh iyo maraqa waxaa ka mid ah shchi , borsch , ukha , solyanka , iyo okroshka . Smetana ( labeen dhanaan culus ) iyo majones ayaa inta badan lagu daraa maraq iyo saladh.  Pirozhki , blini ,  iyo syrniki waa canjeelada waddaniga ah . Hilibka lo'da ee Stroganoff , : 266  Chicken Kiev , : 320  pelmeni , iyo shashlyk waa cuntooyin hilib caan ah . Cuntooyinka kale ee hilibka waxaa ka mid ah duub kaabajka cufan ( golubtsy ) oo badanaa laga buuxiyo hilib. Salad waxaa ka mid ah salad Olivier , vinegret ,  iyo herring labisan . 
Cabitaanka khamriga qaranka ee Ruushka waa kvass , iyo cabitaanka khamriga qaranka waa vodka ; Wax-soo-saarkeeda Ruushka (iyo meelo kale) waxay soo taxnayd qarnigii 14-aad.  Wadanku wuxuu leeyahay isticmaalka vodka ugu sarreeya adduunka, halka biirku uu yahay cabitaanka khamriga ugu caansan. Khamrigu aad ayuu caan uga noqday Ruushka qarnigii 21aad. Shaahu waxa uu caan ka ahaa Ruushka qarniyo badan
===Warbaahinta iyo shineemada===
[[File:2019-07-28-3385-Moscow-Ostankino-Tower.jpg|thumb|Tower Ostankino ee [[Moscow]], qaab dhismeedka xorta ah ee ugu dheer [[Yurub]]]]
Waxaa jira 400 oo wakaaladaha wararka ee Ruushka, kuwaas oo ka mid ah kuwa ugu waaweyn ee caalamiga ah ee ka shaqeeya TASS , RIA Novosti , Sputnik , iyo Interfax . Telefishinku waa warbaahinta ugu caansan Ruushka. Waxaa ka mid ah 3,000 idaacadaha shatiga leh ee dalka oo dhan, kuwa caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah Radio Rossii , Vesti FM , Echo of Moscow , Radio Mayak , iyo Russkoye Radio . 16,000 oo ka mid ah wargeysyada diiwaangashan, Argumenty i Fakty , Komsomolskaya Pravda , Rossiyskaya Gazeta , Izvestia , iyo Moskovskij Komsomolets ayaa caan ah. Kanaalka koowaad ee ay dawladdu maamusho iyo Russia-1 ayaa ah kanaalada ugu horreeya ee wararka, halka RT ay tahay astaanta u ah hawlgallada warbaahinta caalamiga ah ee Ruushka.  Ruushku waxa uu leeyahay suuqa ciyaaraha fiidyaha ee ugu wayn Yurub, iyada oo in ka badan 65 milyan oo ciyaartoy ay ka joogaan dalka oo dhan. 
Shaleemada Ruushka iyo ka dib Soofiyeedka waxay ahayd goob aad u kulul oo hal-abuurnimo, taasoo keentay in filimaan caan ka ah dunida sida Battleship Potemkin , kaas oo loo magacaabay filimkii ugu weynaa ee abid soo mara Bandhigga Adduunka ee Brussels ee 1958. Filim-sameeyayaashii Soofiyeeti, gaar ahaan Sergei Eisenstein iyo Andrei Tarkovsky , oo ka mid ah agaasimayaasha ugu caansan adduunka ayaa sii socon doona.  Eisenstein waxa uu ahaa arday Lev Kuleshov , kaas oo soo saaray aragtidii mihnadlaha ah ee Soofiyeedka ee tafatirka filimada ee dugsigii filimka ugu horreeyay ee adduunka, Machadka All-Union Institute of Cinematography . Aragtida &quot; Kino-Eye &quot; ee Dziga Vertov waxay saameyn weyn ku yeelatay horumarinta filim-sameynta filimada iyo xaqiiqada shaleemada.  Qaar badan oo filimaan ah oo waaqiciga hantiwadaaga Soofiyeedka ayaa si farshaxanimo leh u guulaystay, oo ay ku jiraan Chapaev , Cranes Are Flying , iyo Ballad of a Soldier . 
1960-meeyadii iyo 1970-meeyadii ayaa lagu arkay shaleemo Soofiyeedka oo aad u kala duwan oo farshaxanimo ah. Majaajilada Eldar Ryazanov iyo Leonid Gaidai ee wakhtigaas waxay ahaayeen kuwo aad loo jecel yahay, iyada oo qaar badan oo ka mid ah hal-ku-dhigyo weli la isticmaalo maanta.  Sannadkii 1961-68 Sergey Bondarchuk wuxuu agaasimay laqabsiga filimka Oscar -ku-guuleystay ee Leo Tolstoy ee dagaalka iyo nabadda , kaas oo ahaa filimka ugu qaalisan ee lagu sameeyo Midowga Soofiyeeti.  1969-kii, Vladimir Motyl 's White Sun of the Desert ayaa la sii daayay, filim aad loo jecel yahay oo ah nooca ostern ; filimka waxaa dhaqan ahaan daawata cosmonauts ka hor safar kasta oo hawada.  Kadib burburkii Midowgii Soofiyeeti, warshadaha shineemooyinka Ruushka waxaa soo gaaray khasaare weyn; si kastaba ha ahaatee, laga soo bilaabo dabayaaqadii 2000-meeyadii, waxay aragtay kobac mar kale, wayna sii fidaysaa.

===Ciyaaraha===
Kubadda cagta waa ciyaaraha ugu caansan Ruushka.  Xulka kubbadda cagta ee Midowga Soofiyeeti waxay noqdeen horyaalkii ugu horreeyay ee Yurub iyagoo ku guuleystay Euro 1960  waxayna gaareen finalka Euro 1988 . Kooxaha Ruushka ee CSKA Moscow iyo Zenit Saint Petersburg ayaa ku guuleystay UEFA Cup 2005 iyo 2008 .  Russia waxay ahayd wadanka marti galinaya koobka Confederations Cup 2017 , iyo 2018 FIFA World Cup .  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kooxaha Ruushka ayaa hadda laga ganaaxay tartamada FIFA iyo UEFA.
[[File:Maria_Sharapova_(18405201199).jpg|thumb|[[Maria Sharapova]], oo hore u ahaan jirtay ciyaartoyga 1-aad ee tennis-ka adduunka, ayaa ahayd gabadha ugu mushaharka badan adduunka 11 sano oo xidhiidh ah.]]
Xeegada barafka ayaa aad caan uga ah Ruushka, kooxda xeegada barafka ee Soofiyeedka ayaa si caalami ah u maamuli jirtay ciyaaraha inta ay jirtay. Bandy waa ciyaaraha qaranka ee Ruushka, taariikh ahaanna waxa ay ahayd dalka ugu guulaha badan ciyaaraha.  Xulka kubbadda koleyga Ruushka ayaa ku guuleystay EuroBasket 2007 ,  iyo kooxda kubbadda koleyga Ruushka ee PBC CSKA Moscow ayaa ka mid ah kooxaha ugu guulaha badan kubbadda koleyga Yurub.  Formula One Grand Prix ee sanadlaha ah ee Ruushka ayaa lagu qabtay Sochi Autodrom ee Beerta Olombikada Sochi , ilaa laga soo afjarayo duulaankii Ruushka ee Ukraine 2022. 
Taariikh ahaan, ciyaartooyda Ruushku waxay ka mid ahaayeen tartamayaasha ugu guulaha badan ciyaaraha Olombikada . Ruushku waa qaranka hogaaminaya jimicsiga laxanka , dabaasha la isku waafajiyay ee Ruushka waxaa loo arkaa inay yihiin kuwa aduunka ugu fiican.  Sawirku waa isboorti kale oo caan ka ah Ruushka, gaar ahaan lammaanaha barafka iyo qoob ka ciyaarka barafka .  Russia waxa ay soo saartay ciyaartoy badan oo tennis caan ah.  Chess sidoo kale waa madadaalo caan ah oo si weyn looga jecel yahay qaranka, iyadoo qaar badan oo ka mid ah ciyaartoyda chess-ka adduunka ugu sarreeya ay ahaayeen Ruush tobaneeyo sano.  Ciyaaraha Olombikada Xagaaga ee 1980 ayaa lagu qabtay Moscow,  iyo Olombikada Jiilaalka 2014 iyo Ciyaaraha Olombikada Jiilaalka 2014 ayaa lagu qabtay Sochi. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Russia ayaa sidoo kale laga xayuubiyay 43 billadaha Olombikada ee ciyaartoydeeda sababo la xiriira xadgudubyada doping-ka , taas oo ah tan ugu badan waddan kasta, iyo ku dhawaad ​​​​saddex meelood meel wadarta guud ee adduunka

==Xubin==
* [[IMF]]_*
_-_—_-_—_-_.:
* [[Bankiga Aduunka]]_*
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-.:
* [[Kooxda Labaatanka]]_*
_-_-_-_-_-_-_____-_—_—_-:.
* [[Qaramada Midoobay]]_*
_-_—___-_-_-___-_-_-_-_-.:
== Documentary ==
* Anatomy ee Putinism (2023) &lt;ref&gt;[https://blog.poltava.to/pustovgar/17788/ Анатомія рашизму | Документальний цикл «Остання війна»]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Midowga(Etixaadka!)Sofiyetka.==
* [[Armania]]
* [[Azerbaijan]]

* [[Belarus]]
* [[Estoniya]]

* [[Joorjiya]]

* [[Kasakhstan]]

* [[Qargistan]]

* [[Latfiya]]
* [[Lithuaniya]]

* [[Moldofa]]

* [[Tadsjikistan]]

* [[Turkmenistan]]
* [[Usbekistan]]

* [[Ukraine]]

[[Category:Taariikh]]
{{commons|Союз Советских Социалистических Республик}}
==Sido Kale fiiri==
*[[Soviet Union]] “USSR” Former States.:
*{{Flag| Azerbaijan}}:

*{{Flag|Kazakhstan}}:.

* {{Flag|Kyrgyzstan}}:.
*{{Flag|Tajikistan}}:.

*{{Flag|Uzbekistan}}:.


==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
[https://www.rferl.org/a/the-disputed-islands-where-world-war-2-never-ended/28402307.html &quot;Jasiiradaha Kurile: Waa maxay sababta Ruushka iyo Japan aysan waligood nabad u samayn Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka ka dib&quot;]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=gz5MDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA252 Oggolaanshaha iyo xakamaynta goobta shaqada ee awoodda leh: Ruushka iyo Shiinaha marka la barbardhigo]

[https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april/weo-report?c=922,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2023&amp;ey=2030&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1 &quot;Daabacaadda Muuqaalka Dhaqaalaha Adduunka, Abriil 2025 Edition. (Ruushka)&quot;]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=fZkrAQAAIAAJ Taariikhda Ruushka Casriga ah: Laga soo bilaabo Tsarism ilaa Qarnigii Labaatanaad, Daabacaadda Saddexaad]

[[doi:10.1126/science.aao1807|&quot;Genomes qadiimiga ah waxay muujinayaan dhaqanka bulshada iyo taranka ee hore ee Upper Paleolithic foragers&quot;]]

[https://www.science.org/content/article/thousands-horsemen-may-have-swept-bronze-age-europe-transforming-local-population &quot;Kumanaan fardooley ah ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku dhufteen da'da Bronze Europe, taas oo beddeleysa dadka maxalliga ah&quot;]

[[doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.03.007|&quot;Falanqaynta isku xigxiga genome-ballaaran ee dadyowga qowmiyadaha ee ku baahsan Ruushka&quot;]]

[https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Humanities_Research_Association Ururka Cilmi-baarista Bani'aadamnimada Casriga ah]

[[doi:10.1017/S0020818300004859|&quot;Boqortooyadu waxay dib u soo celisaa: Kobcinta Bariga Bloc ee Hanti Soofiyeedka ilaa Mas'uuliyadda Soofiyeedka&quot;]]

[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-09-07-mn-1530-story.html &quot;Madax-bannaanida Dalalka Baltic-ka: Xorriyadda: Moscow waxay si rasmi ah u aqoonsan tahay Lithuania, Latvia iyo Estonia, oo soo afjaraysa nus qarniga xakamaynta. Soofiyeedka si ay u bilaabaan wadahadal dhawaan ku saabsan xiriirka cusub ee saddexda waddan&quot;]

[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-03-19-mn-494-story.html &quot;Codeynta Gorbachev waxay taageertaa laakiin maaha mid lagu qanci karo: Midowga Soofiyeeti: Qorshihiisa ilaalinta midnimada federaalka waa la taageeray-laakiin sidoo kale Yeltsin waa madaxweynanimada Ruushka&quot;]

[https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/26-years-on-russia-set-to-repay-all-soviet-unions-foreign-debt &quot;26 sano ka dib, Ruushku wuxuu qorsheynayaa inuu dib u bixiyo dhammaan deynta dibadda ee Midowga Soofiyeeti&quot;]

[https://apnews.com/article/russia-prigozhin-wagner-2c77567908c73e538f9f1c76ae406f8f &quot;Russia says it confirmed Wagner leader Prigozhin died in a plane crash&quot;]

[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879366511000133 &quot;Ka baxsan Ruushka, noqosho maxalli ah: Dariiqyada la qabsiga dhicitaankii Midowga Soofiyeeti ee qowmiyadaha Ruushka ee Jamhuuriyadihii hore ee Soofiyeedka&quot;]

[https://apnews.com/article/germany-russia-threats-report-rheinmetall-plot-2cee42e9f9f6940eb960b0b052e3e670 &quot;Dilalka Ruushka ee ka dhanka ah kuwa taageeraya Ukraine ayaa lagu kashifay Yurub, sarkaal ayaa yiri&quot;]

[https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-worst-violators-religious-freedom-report-iran-turkmenistan/31215737.html &quot;Warbixinta Mareykanka ayaa sheegtay in Ruushku uu ka mid yahay 'kuwii ugu xumaa' ee xorriyadda diinta&quot;]

[https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/russian-voters-back-referendum-banning-same-sex-marriage-n1232802 &quot;Codbixiyayaasha Ruushku waxay dib u soo celiyeen afti lagu mamnuucayo guurka dadka isku jinsiga ah&quot;]

[https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-recruited-convicts-fierce-assault-units-storm-gladiator-/32806371.html &quot;Gladiator Duufaanta: Sida Ruushku u Isticmaalo Dembiilayaasha la qorto si ay ugala dagaallamaan Unugyada Weerarada Ba'an ee Ukraine&quot;]

[http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/208165/1/208165.pdf &quot;Xuquuqda luqadda iyo waxbarashada ee jamhuuriyadda Ruushka: dhinaca midnimada iyada oo loo marayo labbiska&quot;]

[https://www.calvertjournal.com/features/show/9981/beyond-the-game-sochi-seaside-walking-guide-soviet-sanatoriums-gardens &quot;Rivieia Ruush: laga bilaabo sanatoriums Soofiyeedka ilaa jardiinooyin qurxoon, hagahaaga socodka ee badda Sochi&quot;]

[https://www.vox.com/the-goods/22276736/figure-skating-olympics-winter-2022-lessons &quot;Sawir-barafka ayaa dul saaran baraf khafiif ah. Waa tan sida loo hagaajiyo&quot;]

[https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/rublev-dominates-second-round-open-match-ng-s-2049116 &quot;Xukunka Ruushka ee Australian Open&quot;]

[https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/moscow-1980 &quot;Moscow 1980 Olombikada Xagaaga - Ciyaartoyda, Biladaha &amp; Natiijooyinka&quot;]

[https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/sochi-2014 &quot;Sochi 2014 Olombikada Jiilaalka - Ciyaartoyda, Biladaha &amp; Natiijooyinka&quot;]

[https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/08/sports/olympics/Wada-Russing-doping.html &quot;Miyaa Ruushka laga tuurayaa Ciyaaraha Olombikada Isniinta]

[https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2016/08/19/russian-mastery-in-synchronized-swimming-yields-double-gold/89000222/ &quot;Aqoonsiga Ruushku ku leeyahay dabaasha isku xidhan waxa ay dhalisaa labanlaab dahab ah&quot;]

[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7577103 &quot;Waa maxay sababta Ruushku u leeyahay heerka dhimashada sare ee wadnaha iyo xididdada dhiigga? Isbarbardhigga biomarkers-ku-saleysan dhiigga ee Norway waxay saameyneysaa dhaawaca wadnaha ee aan ischaemic ahayn&quot;]

[https://hir.harvard.edu/washington-must-not-idle-as-russia-tightens-its-abkhazian-stranglehold/ &quot;Xoojinta Ruushka ee Abkhazia waxay halis gelinaysaa danaha reer galbeedka iyo Georgian&quot;]

[https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/256753 Russia on the road to dictatorship: Internal political repercussions of the attack on Ukraine]

[[doi:10.11610/Connections.14.4.08|&quot;Argagixisadu waxay ku hanjabtay Ruushka iyo tallaabooyinkeeda ka hortagga argagixisada&quot;]]

[https://www.science.org/content/article/nomadic-herders-left-strong-genetic-mark-europeans-and-asians &quot;Xoolo-dhaqatada reer guuraaga ahi waxay raad xooggan kaga tageen reer Yurub iyo Aasiyaanka&quot;]


{{Dalalka Aasiya}}
{{Dalalka Yurub}}
[[category:ruushka]]
[[Category:Wadamada Aasiya]]</text>
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    <title>Puntland</title>
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      <text bytes="49426" sha1="4qu01f46oswy3dtf6pgfaejdoiepjyd" xml:space="preserve">'''Puntland''' , si rasmi ah maamul -'''goboleedka Soomaaliyeed ee Puntland''' , waa maamul - goboleedka isku haysta in uu ka tirsan yahay [[Soomaaliya]] , inkastoo aysan aqbalin sharcinimada maamulka hadda jira ee Soomaaliya . Waxaa la aasaasay 1998, waana dawlad xubin ka ah [[Dawladda federaalka Soomaaliya|federaalka Soomaaliya.]] Puntland waxay ku taal waqooyi bari Soomaaliya. Caasimadeeda waa magaalada [[Garoowe]] ee gobolka [[Nugaal]] . Gobolku wuxuu lahaa dad dhan 4,334,633 sanadka 2016.{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Puntland State of Somalia&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Puntland-const2010.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=30 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610044838/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Puntland-const2010.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| name               = Puntland
| native_name        = {{unbulleted list|{{native name|so|Buntilaan}}
|{{native name|ar|أرض البنط|italics=off}}}}
|settlement_type     =
| image_flag         = Flag of Puntland.svg
| flag_size          = 120px
| image_shield       = Coat of Arms of Puntland.svg
| image_map          = 
|image2       =
| mapsize            = 250px
|pushpin_map         =Somalia
| map_caption        = 
| coordinates        = {{Coord|8|24|N|48|29|E|type:city}}
| seat               = [[Garowe]]
| governing_body     = [[Dowladda Puntland]]
| leader_title1      = [[Siciid Cabdulaahi Deni|Madaxwaynaha]]
| leader_name1       = [[Siciid Cabdulaahi Deni]]
| area_footnotes     = &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://en.populationdata.net/rankings/population/|title=Rankings – Countries and Territories of the World • PopulationData.net|access-date=28 June 2021|archive-date=29 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629181040/https://en.populationdata.net/rankings/population/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_total_km2     = 212510
| area_water_km2     = 21,711
| leader_title2      = Madaxweyne-ku-xigeenka
| leader_name2       = [[Ilyaas Cismaan Lugator]]
| leader_title3      = Afhayeenka Aqalka
| leader_name3       = [[Cabdirisaaq Axmed Siciid]]
| area_rank          = 
| established_title  = La asaasay
| established_date   = 1 Ogosto 1998
| seat_type          = Caasimada
| population_est     = 4334633
| pop_est_as_of      = 2016
| pop_est_footnotes  = &lt;ref name=&quot;PLFactsandFigures2012-2017&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Puntland Facts and Figures 2012–2017 |url=https://bareedo.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Puntland-Facts-and-Figures-2017-Year-book-2018-1.pdf |access-date=31 July 2023 |archive-date=31 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731042558/https://bareedo.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Puntland-Facts-and-Figures-2017-Year-book-2018-1.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| timezone1          = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| utc_offset_DST     = +3
| motto              = 
| area_code          = [[+252]]90 (Soomaaliya)
| iso_code           = SO
}}
Puntland waxa ay xad la wadaagtaa Somaliland dhanka galbeed, Gacanka Cadmeed ee waqooyi, kanaalka Guardafui ee waqooyi-bari, badweynta Hindiya , Koonfur-galbeed ee maamulka Galmudug , iyo Itoobiya oo koonfur-galbeed ah. Puntland waxaa ku yaal dhowr daraf oo waaweyn oo ay ka mid yihiin Cape Guardafui , oo ah cidhifka Geeska Afrika, Raas Xaafuun oo ah meesha ugu bari ee qaaradda Afrika oo dhan, iyo bilawga buuraleyda Karkaar .
Magaca &quot;Puntland&quot; waxa uu ka yimid dhulkii Puntland ee lagu sheegay ilo-wareedyadii hore ee Masaarida , in kasta oo meesha saxda ah ee dhulka laga sameeyay ay tahay qarsoodi. Daraasado badan ayaa soo jeedinaya in dhulka Puntland uu ku yaalay Soomaaliya maanta,  halka qaar kalena ay soo jeedinayaan in uu ku yaal meel kale. 
31-March-2024-ka kadib is bedelo ka dhashay qalalaasaha dastuuriga ah ee Soomaaliya ayaa dowladda Puntland waxa ay sheegtay in aysan aqoonsanayn awoodda dowladda federaalka ah ee Soomaaliya , isla markaana aysan ka qeyb geli doonin hay’adaha federaalka Soomaaliya . Waxay ku dhawaaqday inay si madax-banaan u shaqayn doonto, ama “ay fulin doonto awoodaha dawlad madax bannaan”, inta laga helayo dawlad federaal ah oo leh dastuur lagu heshiiyey afti dadweyne oo ay Puntland ka qayb galayso.

==Taariikhda==
===Saldanada Majeerteen iyo Hobyo===
Majeerteen Sultanate (Migiurtinia) waxaa la aas aasay bartamihii qarnigii 18-aad. Waxay soo shaacbaxday qarnigii xigay, oo uu xukumayey Boqorka kheyraadka badan (Boqor) Cismaan Maxamuud . Xarunteedu waxay ahayd Caluula , waxay gacanta ku haysay inta badan waqooyiga iyo badhtamaha Soomaaliya qarniyadii 19-aad iyo horraantii 20-aad. Boqor Cismaan waxa uu ka mid ahaa ugaasyadii caanka ahaa ee beelaha Daarood oo soo maamuli jiray magaalooyinka qadiimiga ah ee Caluula, Baargaal , Boosaaso iyo Xaafuun ka dibna waxa uu u soo baxay oday dhaqameed awood leh oo si buuxda u maamula deegaamada uu ka taliyo.  Siyaasaddu waxa ay ilaalisay shabakad ganacsi oo adag, waxa ay heshiisyo la gashay quwado shisheeye, waxana ay awood dhexe oo xoog leh ka fulisay gudaha gudaha.
[[File:Garesadihafun.jpg|thumb|Mid ka mid ah qalcadaha Suldaanka Majeerteen (Migiurtinia) ee Xaafuun]]
Suldaanka Majeerteen waxa uu ku sigtay in la burburiyo bartamihii 1800-aadkii dagaal awoodeed oo dhex maray Boqor Cismaan iyo Yuusuf Cali Keenadiid oo uu adeer u ahaa . Ka dib ku dhawaad ​​shan sano oo dagaal ah, dhallinyaradii bilawday ayaa ugu dambayntii lagu qasbay in loo masaafuriyo Yemen . Toban sano ka dib, sannadihii 1870-aadkii, Kenadiid wuxuu ka soo noqday Jasiiradda Carabta isagoo wata koox ka mid ah Musketeers Hadhrami iyo koox dab-damiyayaal ah. Iyagoo gacan ka helaya, wuxuu ku guulaystey inuu ka awood roonaado beelihii deegaanka oo uu dhidibada u taagay Saldanada Hobyo 1878. 
Dabayaaqadii 1889kii Boqor Cismaan wuxuu heshiis la galay Talyaaniga , isaga oo boqortooyadiisa ka dhigay maxmiyad Talyaani ah . Suldaan Keenadiid oo la tartamayey ayaa sanad ka hor saxiixay heshiis kaas la mid ah oo ku wajahan suldaannimadiisa. Labada masuulba waxay saxeexeen heshiisyada maxmiyadda si ay u horumariyaan ujeeddooyinkooda isballaarinta, iyadoo Boqor Cismaan uu eegayay inuu taageero Talyaanigu u adeegsado halganka awoodeed ee uu kula jiro Kenadiid ee Saldanada Majeerteen. Boqor Cismaan iyo Suldaan Keenadiid waxa ay sidoo kale rajaynayeen in ay ka faa’idaystaan ​​danaha iska soo horjeeda ee ka dhexeeya quwadaha reer Yurub ee markaasi doonayey in ay ka taliyaan gacanka Soomaalida, si ay uga fogaadaan in si toos ah xoog loogu qabsado dhulkooda. 
Markii si tartiib tartiib ah loo ballaariyay waqooyiga Soomaaliya ee gumeystihii reer Yurub, dhammaan seddexdii suldaan waxaa lagu daray Soomaalilaan Talyaani horaantii qarnigii 20aad.
===Dhismihii Puntland===
Ka dib markii uu qarxay dagaalkii sokeeye ee Soomaaliya 1991-kii, shirweyne dastuuri ah oo ka soo baxay gudaha Garoowe ayaa lagu qabtay Garoowe 1998-kii oo socday muddo saddex bilood ah. Shirkan oo ay ka soo qeyb galeen qeybaha kala duwan ee bulshada, Isimada , ganacsatada, waxgaradka iyo qeybaha kala duwan ee bulshada rayidka ah ayaa waxaa ka soo qeyb galay masuuliyiin ka tirsan maamulka Puntland, waxaana shirkan ka soo qeyb galay xubno ka socday beesha caalamka iyo qeybaha kala duwan ee bulshada.  Cabdullaahi Yuusuf Axmed waxa uu noqday madaxweynihii dhidibada u taagay dawladdii curdinka ahayd. 
Sida ku cad qodobka 1-aad ee Axdiga ku meel gaarka ah ee Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya , Puntland waa qayb ka mid ah dawladda federaalka ah ee Soomaaliya. Sidaas darteed, gobolku wuxuu raadinayaa midnimada Soomaalida , wuxuuna u hoggaansamaa nidaamka federaalka. Si ka duwan jamhuuriyadda Somaliland ee galbeedkeeda, Puntland iskuma daydo inay hesho aqoonsi caalami ah oo ah qaran gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, labada gobolba hal shay ayaa ka dhexeeya oo ah inay taageeradooda ku saleeyaan oday-dhaqameedyada iyo qaab-dhismeedkooda urureed iyadoo lagu saleynayo xidhiidhka qabiilka iyo xigaalka .  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, farqiga ugu muhiimsani wuxuu ahaa in Puntland loo sameeyay sidii isir ku salaysan oo ka duwan Somaliland. Dawladdu waxay u dhisnayd &quot;dhulkii hooyo&quot; ee beesha Harti ee Waqooyiga Soomaaliya, taas oo Majeerten loo arkayay &quot;madax-qaab-yaqaannada&quot; ee deegaanka.  Tan iyo markii la aasaasay 1998, Puntland waxa ay sidoo kale Somaliland kula jirtay muran dhuleed oo ku saabsan gobollada Sool , Sanaag iyo Cayn.
Qaab-dhismeedka sharci ee Puntland wuxuu ka kooban yahay Garsoorka, Xeer-dejinta ( Golaha Wakiilada ) iyo fulinta (Madaxwaynaha iyo Golihiisa Wasaaradaha uu magacaabay) waaxaha dawladda.  Inkasta oo ay nabad ahayd, haddana gobolku waxa uu muddo kooban ka dhacay qalalaase siyaasadeed sannadkii 2001 markaas oo madaxweynihii Puntland ee xilligaas, Cabdullaahi Yuusuf Axmed, oo ka mid ahaa aabayaashii dhidibbada u taagay Puntland iyo madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay uu doonayay in muddada loo kordhiyo. Axmed iyo Jaamac Cali Jaamac waxay ku dagaalameen gacan ku haynta gobolka, iyadoo Axmed uu ku guuleystay sannadkii xigay. Axmed ayaa markii labaad xilka madaxweynenimo hayay ilaa Oktoobar 2004, markaasoo loo doortay madaxweynaha Soomaaliya . Waxa xilka ku kala wareegay Maxamed Xaashi oo xilka hayay ilaa January 2005 markaas oo uu ku guul-darraystay tartankii dib-u-doorashada ee golaha wakiillada General Maxamuud Muuse Xirsi “Cadde”.
==Siyaasada==
Puntland ayaa adeegsata hab baarlamaan oo ah in madaxweynaha iyo madaxweyne ku xigeenka ay soo doortaan golaha baarlamaanka ee Puntland 
===Maamulka General Cadde Muuse===
[[File:Cadde1.jpg|thumb|Mohamud Muse Hersi]]
Bishii March 2005, Madaxweyne Muuse waxa uu bilaabay qorshe hammi ah oo lagu dhisayo garoonka diyaaradaha ee magaalada Boosaaso ee xarunta ganacsiga Puntland, mashruucaas oo hadda la dhamaystiray laguna magacaabo Bender Qassim International Airport . 
Bishii Abriil 2007, Muuse wuxuu kulamo la qaatay Sheikh Saud bin Saqr Al Qaasimi , oo ah dhaxal-sugaha iyo ku-xigeenka Amiirka Ras al-Khaimah ee Isutagga Imaaraadka Carabta (UAE), halkaas oo ay labada hoggaamiye ku kala saxiixdeen heshiis ku saabsan samaynta goob karantiil oo xoolaha ah si loo fududeeyo dhoofinta xoolaha Soomaaliya ee Imaaraadka. Bishii Oktoobar 2008, Muuse waxa kale oo uu heshiis 170 milyan Dirham ah la saxeexday Kooxda Lootah ee Dubai si ay uga taageerto dhismaha garoonka diyaaradaha, dekedda iyo aagga xorta ah ee magaalo-xeebeedda Boosaaso. Muuse waxa uu tilmaamay “Waxaan aaminsanahay in marka aan dhammayno mashaariicdan oo dhan ay dadkeenu ka faa’iidaysan doonaan inay helaan adeeg caafimaad oo wanaagsan, waxbarasho iyo barwaaqo guud. 
===Maamulka Faroole===
[[File:Abdirahman Farole.jpg|thumb|Cabdiraxmaan Faroole]]
Bishii Janaayo 2009, Cabdiraxmaan Faroole ayaa loo doortay madaxweynaha cusub ee Puntland . Maamulka Faroole ayaa markii uu xilka la wareegay wuxuu sameeyay isbedello badan, gaar ahaan laamaha ammaanka iyo garsoorka. Si loo xoojiyo nidaamka cadaaladda ee gobolka, xeer-ilaaliyeyaal badan, garsoorayaal iyo shaqaale kale oo maxkamadeed iyo sidoo kale ilaalada xabsiga oo dheeraad ah ayaa la shaqaaleysiiyay lana tababaray. Bishii Luulyo 2010, Golaha Wasiirada Puntland waxay cod aqlabiyad ah ku ansixiyeen sharciga cusub ee la dagaalanka argigixisada si si hufan loogu maareeyo tuhmanayaasha argagixisanimada iyo kuwa gacan saar la leh; Maxkamad gaar ah ayaa sidoo kale la filayaa in laga dhiso nidaamka maxkamadaha dembiyada ee gobolka si loo fududeeyo hawsha. 
Dhanka maaliyadda, waxaa la sameeyay hannaan maaliyadeed oo daah-furan oo ku saleysan miisaaniyad , kaasoo sida la sheegay gacan ka geystay kordhinta kalsoonida shacabka ee dowladda. Sidoo kale, waxaa la sameeyay dastuur cusub oo heer gobol ah, kaddibna la ansixiyay 15-kii Juun 2009, kaasoo la rumeysan yahay inuu ka dhigan yahay tallaabo muhiim ah oo loo qaaday aakhirkii in nidaamka siyaasadeed ee xisbiyada badan laga hirgeliyo deegaanka markii ugu horreysay;  Nidaamkan oo kale ayaa hore uga jiray gobolka Somaliland ee ku xiga. 
Dib-u-habayn aad u yar ayaa sidoo kale lagu sameeyay dhaqdhaqaaqyada qaybta bulshada, gaar ahaan dhinacyada waxbarashada iyo daryeelka caafimaadka. Maamulka gobolka ayaa shaqaaleysiiyay shaqaale iyo macalimiin badan oo ka shaqeeya daryeelka caafimaadka, iyadoo qorshuhu yahay in dib u habeyn lagu sameeyo iskuullada iyo isbitaallada.  Mid ka mid ah dib-u-habaynta cusub ee ugu muhiimsan ee uu sameeyay maamulka Puntland ee hadda xilka haya ayaa ah daah-furkii bishii May 2009 ee Hay’adda daryeelka bulshada Puntland (PASWE), oo ah hay’addii ugu horreysay ee nooceeda ah taariikhda Soomaaliya. Hay’addu waxa ay taageero caafimaad, waxbarasho iyo la-talinba siisaa dadka nugul iyo shakhsiyaadka sida agoonta, naafada iyo indhoolayaasha. PASWE waxaa korjoogta ka ah Gole Sare oo ka kooban Culimaa’udiin , Ganacsato, Waxgarad iyo Odayaal dhaqameed. 
===Habka dimuqraadiyaynta===
15kii Juun 2009, dawladda Puntland waxay ansixisay qabyo-qoraalka dastuurka cusub ee gobollada, taas oo ka dhigan tallaabo muhiim ah oo loo qaaday in ugu dambayntii lagu soo dabbaalo nidaamka siyaasadda xisbiyada badan ee gobolka markii ugu horreysay
[[File:Somdbihd6.png|thumb|Haweenka oo ku jira hawl siyaasadeed inta lagu guda jiro geeddi-socodka dimuqraadiyaynta Puntland]]
15 April 2012, dawladda Puntland ayaa furay shirweyne dastuuri ah oo socon doona muddo afar maalmood ah, kaas oo si rasmi ah loogu daah-furay dastuurka cusub ee Puntland . Dastuurka oo ay kormeereen guddiga doorashada Puntland ayaa u taagan tilaabadii ugu dambeysay ee geedi socodka dimuqraadiyeynta gobolada, waxaana qorshuhu ahaa in la dhiso xisbiyo siyaasadeed. 
12-kii September 2012, guddiga doorashada Puntland ayaa ku dhawaaqay in diiwaan gelinta xisbiyada siyaasadda Puntland ay hadda furan tahay. Arrintan ayaa timid kadib markii la meel mariyay sharciga ururada siyaasadda, xeerka aftida, xeerka doorashooyinka degmooyinka iyo daah-furka dastuurka dowlad goboleedyada. Waxay sidoo kale noqon doonaan kuwa loolan adag doorashada soo socota, ee loo qorsheeyay Janaayo 2014. 
14 November 2012, Madaxweyne Faroole ayaa ku dhawaaqay daah-furka xisbigiisa cusub ee Horseed . Ururku waxa uu tiriyaa in ka badan 200 oo xubnood, waxana ay matalaan xukuumadda Puntland ee hadda xilka haysa, sida Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Cabdisamad Cali Shire iyo wasiiru dowlayaasha. Waa xisbigii ugu horreeyay ee la filayo in uu codsi ka diiwaan galiyo Guddiga Ku-meel-gaarka ah ee Doorashooyinka Puntland (TPEC). Sidoo kale Faroole ayaa sheegay in guud ahaan shacabka ay xaq u yeelan doonaan ka mid noqoshada ururkaasi marka loo doorto xisbi siyaasadeed oo rasmi ah.  Waxa la asaasay shan urur siyaasadeed oo kale bishii xigtay, oo ay ku jiraan Xisbiga Horumarka iyo Cadaaladda ee Horcad oo uu furay ganacsade iyo ganacsade Cumar Ismaaciil Waaberi oo ay weheliyaan siyaasiyiin kale, Midowga Shacabka Gobollada ama UPR (Ururka Gobollada Umadaha Bahoobey ama UGUB),  Midnimo, Talowadaag (Consensus-Consensus-Building) ee Asaaska G. Waxbarashada iyo Horumarinta ee ku wajahan Aasaaska Hadafka Dhabta ah).
===Maamulka Dr. Cabdiweli Maxamed Cali Gaas===
[[File:Presidentialres.jpg|thumb|Madaxtooyada [[Boosaaso]]]]
8-dii Janaayo 2014, Ra’iisul Wasaarihii hore ee Soomaaliya C/weli Maxamed Cali ayaa loo doortay Madaxweynihii 5-aad ee Puntland isagoo kaga guuleystay Dr. Faroole hal cod. Cabdixakiim Cabdullaahi Xaaji Cumar ayaa isku mar loo doortay madaxweyne ku xigeenka Puntland.
===Maamulka Deni===
8-dii Janaayo 2019 Wasiirkii hore ee Qorsheynta iyo Iskaashiga Caalamiga ee Dowladda Federaalka, Saciid Cabdullaahi Deni, ayaa lagu dhawaaqay inuu yahay Madaxweynaha cusub. Doorashada ayaa ahayd mid si weyn loogu tartamay, waxaana loo gudbay wareeggii saddexaad ee codbixinta. Deni ayaa ka adkaaday Asad Cismaan Cabdullaahi oo horay uga tirsanaan jiray Nabadsugidda . Deni ayaa helay 35 cod, halka Diayno uu helay 31 cod.
[[File:Said Abdullahi Deni (22-05-2021) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Madaxweynaha Puntland [[Siciid Cabdulaahi Deni|Siciid Cabdullaahi Deni]]]]
Deni ayaa la hadlay xildhibaanada kadib markii lagu dhawaaqay in uu guuleystay. Waxa uu sheegay in uu sii wadi doono siyaasadii Madaxweynihii isaga ka horeeyay ee C/weli Gaas.  Bishii Abriil 2024, Puntland waxay ku dhawaaqday inay u shaqeyn doonto sidii dowlad madax-bannaan iyada oo uu jiro khilaaf ka dhashay isbeddelka dastuurka Soomaaliya. 
==Qaybaha maamulka==
===Gobollada===
Sida ku cad qodobka 3aad ee dastuurka ku meel gaarka ah ee dawlad goboleedka Puntland 2001, Puntland waxay ka kooban tahay gobolada la sheeganayo: 

Cayn	        Buuhoodle3
Bari	        Boosaas 5
Karkaar	         Qardho	5
Ra'as Caseyr	 Aluula	5
Haylaan    	     Dhahar	3
Mudug	       Gaalkacyo2,5
Nugaal     	   Garoowe	5
Sanaag     	   Badhan	4
Sool	     Laascaanood7
===Dib u kala qaybinta iyo khilaafaadka xuduudaha===
Bishii Jannaayo 2009, maamul-goboleedka Maakhir ee wakhtiga gaaban ayaa si rasmi ah loogu daray Puntland. 
Gacan ku heynta galbeedka gobolada Sool , Sanaag iyo Cayn (SSC) ayaa lagu muransan yahay Somaliland. 17-kii July 2025, dowladda Puntland waxay xaqiijisay in gobolladaas ay ku sii jiraan maamulkooda, iyadoo diiday inay aqoonsato maamulka Khaatumo ilaa laga gaarayo heshiis wada-tashi ah. 
8-dii April 2013, dowladda Puntland ayaa ku dhawaaqday in la sameeyay gobol cusub oo loogu magac daray Gardafuul . Waxaa laga soo saaray gobolka Bari, wuxuuna ka kooban yahay saddex degmo, wuxuuna xarun u yahay Caluula . Ka hor inta aan la magacaabin gobolkan cusub, dawladdii hore ee Puntland waxay samaysay saddex gobol oo dhammaantood laga soo xardhay gobolladii jiray: Karkaar waxaa laga soo xardhay Bari ,Haylaan oo Sanaag laga soo saaray , Cayn oo laga sameeyay gobolka Togdheer . 
Koonfurta sida ay sheegeen dowladda federaalka ah ee Soomaaliya iyo CIA-da , koonfurta Mudug waxay ka tirsan tahay Galmudug .
Magaalooyinka ama magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn Puntland
Darajo	Magaca	Gobolka	Boob
1	Boosaaso	Bari, Soomaaliya	164,906

2	Gaalkacyo	Mudug	137,667

3	Garoowe	Nugaal	70,991

4	Qardho	Bari, Soomaaliya	56,825

5	Badhan, Sanaag	Puntland iyo Somaliland oo ku muransan	55,300

6	Galdogob	Nugaal	40,433

7	Waaciye	Bari	44,109

8	n/a	n/a	n/a

9	n/a	n/a	n/a

10	n/a	n/a
==Juqraafiga==
[[File:Sambalaxx.jpg|thumb|Geel oo eegaya qaybaha caleenta ah ee buurta Cal Madow ee Puntland]]
Puntland waxay ku taal juqraafi ahaan qaybta waqooyi bari ee Soomaaliya . Waxa xad la leh Somaliland oo galbeed ka xigta, woqooyiga Gacanka Cadmeed , Badweynta Hindiya koonfur-bari, iyo Itoobiya oo koonfur-galbeed ka xigta. Puntland waxay ku fadhidaa dhul baaxadiisu dhan tahay 212,510 km2 ( 82,050 sq mi) ama qiyaastii saddex meelood meel meel dhulka juqraafiyeed ee Soomaaliya. Buuraha waxaa ka mid ah Buuraha Golis , Galgala iyo Cal Madow
===Cimilada===
Gobolku waa badh-emane , leh cimilo diiran iyo celcelis ahaan heerkul maalinle ah oo u dhexeeya 27 °C (80.6 °F) ilaa 37 °C (98.6 °F). Xaaladahan cimiladu waxay u roon yihiin xoolo-dhaqatada oo ah isticmaalka ugu waxtarka badan ee dhulka inta badan qaybaha gobolka. Dhul-daaqsimeedka waxaa ka mid ah gobolka Hawd oo ku yaal dhulka sare ee galbeedka gobollada Mudug iyo Sool , dhulka cagaarka ah ee Sanaag iyo dhinaca Itoobiya iyo dooxada hoose ee Nugaaleed . Heerkulka khafiifka ah, marka la barbardhigo, waxaa la soo maray oo keliya hareeraha buuraha dhaadheer ee Bari .

Roobabku waa yar yihiin waana kala duwan yihiin, iyada oo aanay jirin meel keliya oo hesha in ka badan 400 mm (15.7 in) oo roob ah sannadkii. Reer guuraagu waxay inta badan ku tiirsan yihiin ceelasha sidii isha biyaha halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen biyaha dusha sare leh . Waxa jira afar xilli oo nolosha xoolo-dhaqatada iyo beeralayda ah ku wareegsan yihiin, kuwaasna waxa lagu maamulaa isbeddellada dabaysha. Xilliyada Puntland waa: 

Jilaal - laga bilaabo Janaayo ilaa Maarso; xilliga qalalan ee ugu daran sanadka
Gu - laga bilaabo Abriil ilaa Juun; xilli roobaadka ugu weyn
Xagaa - laga bilaabo Luulyo ilaa Sebtembar; xilliga qalalan ee labaad
Deyr - laga bilaabo Oktoobar ilaa Disembar; xilli roobaadka oo gaaban oo aan la isku hallayn karin
==Waxbarashada==
[[File:Punstacomlab2.jpg|thumb|Fasalka kombiyuutarka ee Jaamacadda Dawladda Puntland ee xarunta [[Garoowe]]]]
Ka dib markii ay Soomaaliya ka dillaaceen dagaalladii sokeeye, waxaa soo baxay dhibaatooyin badan oo la xiriira helitaanka waxbarasho ee miyiga iyo jinsiga, tayada bixinta waxbarashada, ka jawaabista manhajka dugsiyada, heerarka waxbarashada iyo kontaroolada, maareynta iyo qorsheynta awoodda iyo maalgelinta. Si wax looga qabto tabashooyinkaas, dawladda Puntland waxay waddaa qorshe ay ku dejinayso siyaasad waxbarasho oo lagu hagi karo geeddi-socodka aqooneed ee gobolka oo cagta saaraya waddada dib-u-dhiska iyo horumarinta dhaqaalaha. Midda dambe waxaa ku jira siyaasadda waxbarashada qaranka xasaasiga ah ee jinsiga oo u hoggaansan heerarka caalamiga ah, sida kuwa lagu qeexay Heshiiska Xuquuqda Carruurta (CRC) iyo Axdiga Ciribtirka Dhammaan Noocyada Takoorka ee Haweenka (CEDAW).  Tusaalooyinka tallaabooyinkan iyo tallaabooyinka kale ee waxbarasho ee shaqada ayaa ah dejinta dawladda ee sharciga loogu talagalay in lagu sugo danaha waxbarasho ee gabdhaha,  kor u qaadida kobaca barnaamijka Horumarinta Carruurnimada Hore (ECD) ee loogu talagalay in lagu gaaro waalidiinta iyo bixiyeyaasha daryeelka ee guryahooda iyo sidoo kale xarumaha ECD ee 0-ilaa 5-sano-jirrada 61-aad ee loogu talagalay in lagu dhiirigeliyo xirmooyinka carruurta ee 0- ilaa 5 - sano jir ah miyiga fogfog.  Nidaamka waxbarashada Puntland waxaa loo arkaa inuu yahay midka ugu horumarsan, wuxuuna isku dayayaa inuu xiro farqiga u dhexeeya jinsiga si haween badan ay u awoodaan inay iskuulada tagaan. Gobolo kale ayaa ku raacaya in Puntland ay ka dhabeyso arrintaas.
Dawladda Puntland dhexdeeda, wasaaradda waxbarashada ayaa u xilsaaran horumarinta iyo maaraynta baahiyaha waxbarasho ee gobolka.  Waxa madax ka ah Wasiirka Maxamuud Bile Dubbe, oo ay hoos yimaadaan Wasiir-ku-xigeen iyo Agaasime Guud oo gacan ka geysta kormeerka Qaybta Waxbarashada Dugsiga Hoose (PPED) iyo Agaasinka Waxbarashada Aasaasiga ah (BED), iyo guddiyo kale.
[[File:Eaubosaso2.jpg|thumb|Gelitaanka Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika faraceeda [[Boosaaso]]]]
Nidaamka waxbarasho ee Puntland wuxuu ka kooban yahay laba sano oo korriin carruurnimo hore ah (ECD), siddeed sano oo waxbarasho hoose ah (afar sano oo dugsi hoose ah iyo afar sano oo dugsi hoose ah) iyo afar sano oo dugsi sare ah . Waxbarashada sare waxay ka kooban tahay celcelis ahaan afar sano,  iyada oo gobolku hadda lagu tiriyo todobo jaamacadood oo waaweyn oo kala ah: Puntland State University Garowe , Puntland State University Gaalkacyo , Boosaaso College in Bosaaso , East Somalia University in Qardho , Muqdisho University ( Puntland branch ) in Bosaaso, Maakhir University in Badhan , Sanaag , iyo Nugaal University in Laascaanood .  Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika waxay kaloo ku leedahay Puntland lix laamood, waxayna xarumo ku leedahay Boosaaso, Ceerigaabo , Galdogob , Gaalkacyo, Garoowe iyo Qardho.  Sidaa darteed, waa nidaamka 2-4-4-4. Wasaaradda waxbarashada Puntland waxay sidoo kale u aqoonsan tahay waxbarashada dadban iyo farsamada gacanta iyo tababarka (TVET) inay yihiin qaybo ka mid ah nidaamka waxbarasho ee gobolka. 
Laga soo bilaabo 2005/2006 ilaa 2006/2007, waxaa aad kor ugu kacay tirada dugsiyada Puntland, taasoo ka badan 137 machad oo sanad ka hor ahaa. Isla muddadaas, tirada fasallada gobolka ayaa kordhay 504, iyada oo 762 macalimiin ah ay sidoo kale bixiyeen adeegyadooda. Wadarta is-diiwaangelinta ardayda ayaa kordhay 27% sannadkii hore, iyada oo habluhu wax yar ka dambeeyaan wiilasha xaadirka ah inta badan gobollada. Diwaan galinta ugu saraysa ayaa lagu arkay waqooyiga gobolka Bari , halka tiradii ugu hoosaysayna laga arkay gobolka Cayn oo dadkeedu yar yahay. Qaybinta fasallada ayaa ku dhawaad ​​si siman loo kala qaybiyey magaalooyinka iyo miyiga, iyada oo inta yar ee arday badani ka qayb galayaan iyo macallimiin ay casharro ku dhigaan magaalooyinka. 
Ka dib dhibaatadii COVID-19, Dawladda Puntland waxay daah-furtay Baasaboorka Waxbarashada, oo ah goob wax lagu barto dijitaalka ah oo ay carruurtu ka heli karaan waxyaabaha waxbarashada online iyo offline labadaba guryahooda. Baasaboorka Waxbarashadu waa iskaashi gogol-xaadh u dhexeeya UNICEF, Microsoft iyo Jaamacadda Cambridge.
==Tirakoobka dadka iyo diinta==
[[File:Punmosq.jpg|thumb|Masjid ku yaala Boosaaso]]
Ilaa 2016, dadka Puntland waxaa lagu qiyaasaa 4,334,633 qof, 39% waa reer guuraa .  Gobolka waxaa dega ugu horrayn dad ka soo jeeda qowmiyadda Soomaalida , gaar ahaan Daarood ayaa si fiican u metelaya.  Waxa kale oo jira tiro dadka Mehri deggan. 
Hadda 31% dadka gobolka ayaa ku nool magaalooyinka sida xawliga ah u koraya ee kala ah Boosaaso , Qardho , Laascaanood , Buuhoodle , Badhan , Galdogob , Garoowe iyo Gaalkacyo . Ku dhawaad ​​70% dadku waxay sidoo kale ka hooseeyaan da'da 30. 
Tirada dadka ee Puntland waxaa lagu qiyaasaa 20/km 2 (52/sq mi). 
Si la mid ah Soomaaliya inteeda kale, Islaamku waa diinta ugu weyn ee gobollada Puntland
==Gaadiidka==
Gaadiidka basaska dowladda hoose ayaa ka shaqeeya magaalooyinka Boosaaso , Garoowe , Laascaanood , Gaalkacyo iyo Qardho . Adeegyada gaadiidka ee u dhexeeya magaalooyinka waaweyn ee gobolka iyo tuulooyinka ku dhow ayaa sidoo kale lagu heli karaa iyada oo loo marayo noocyada kala duwan ee baabuurta, sida 4 taayirrada iyo baabuurta fudud (LGV). Laga bilaabo May 2015, in ka badan 70,000 oo baabuur ayaa ka diiwaan gashan Wasaaradda Hawlaha iyo Gaadiidka Puntland
[[File:Garoweresid6.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka wadada dhinaceeda ee xaafad ku taal Garoowe]]
Puntland waxa mara 750 km (470 mi) wadada wayn ee waqooyi-koonfur. Waxay isku xirtaa magaalooyinka waaweyn ee waqooyiga Soomaaliya, sida Garoowe, Boosaaso iyo Gaalkacyo, iyo magaalooyin ku yaal koonfurta. Sannadkii 2012, Hay'adda Waddooyinka Puntland waxay soo gabagabaysay dayactirka halbowlaha dhexe ee isku xira Garoowe iyo Gaalkacyo.  Hay'adda gaadiidku waxay sidoo kale biloowday mashruuc dib-u-habayn iyo dayactir ah bishii Juun 2012 oo ku saabsan laamiga weyn ee isku xira magaalo-madaxda gobolka iyo Boosaaso. Intaa waxaa dheer, dayactirku wuxuu bilaabmay Oktoobar 2012 waddada dheer ee isku xirta Boosaaso iyo Qardho.  Waxa kale oo uu socdaa qorshayaal lagu dhisayo waddooyin cusub oo isku xidha magaalooyinka waaweyn ee gobolka iyo jidka weyn. 
[[File:Bosasairp.jpg|thumb|Garoonka caalamiga ah ee Bender Qaasim ee magaalada Boosaaso 2016, ka hor dayactir]]
Boosaaso waxay leedahay deked weyn oo la dhisay bartamihii 1980-meeyadii iyadoo sanad walba xoolaha nool loo daabulo bariga dhexe . Bishii Janaayo 2012, mashruuc dib u habeyn ah ayaa la bilaabay, iyadoo KMC ay qandaraas ku qaadatay hagaajinta dekedda. Wajigii koowaad ee hindisaha ayaa lagu arkay nadiifinta agabka aan loo baahnayn ee ka soo baxay barxadda dekedda, waxaana la dhameeyay bishii gudaheeda. Wejiga labaad waxa uu ku saabsan yahay dib u dhiska dekeddu ku teedsan tahay badda ku dheggan, iyada oo ujeedadu tahay in la dejiyo maraakiibta waaweyn. Sannadkii 2012, koox injineero ah ayaa sidoo kale loo qoray maamulka Puntland si ay u qiimeeyaan dayactirka ka socda dekedda Laascaanood . Sida uu sheegay wasiirka dekedaha , Siciid Maxamed Raage , dawladda Puntland waxay ku talo jirtaa inay mashaariic horumarineed oo noocan oo kale ah ka hirgeliso magaalada Laascaanood. 
Duulimaadyada maxalliga ah waxay bixiyaan duulimaadyo kala duwan oo gudaha iyo dibadda ah, sida Jabuuti , Addis Ababa , Dubai iyo Jeddah ; sidoo kale waxay bixiyaan duulimaadyada xajka iyo cumrada . Duulimaadyada ugu caansan Puntland waxaa ka mid ah Jubba Airways , Cosob Air iyo Daallo Airlines , kuwaas oo ka howlgala garoonka diyaaradaha ee Bender Qaasim ee Boosaaso iyo garoonka diyaaradaha Cabdullaahi Yuusuf (Garoonkii hore ee Gaalkacyo) ee Gaalkacyo iyo meelo kale. Dabayaaqadii bishii Sebtembar 2013, waxaa xarunta lagu qabtay munaasabad lagu daah furayay qandaraaska qandaraaska dib u dayactirka garoonka diyaaradaha ee Boosaaso. Dayactirkan ayaa waxaa ka mid ah in la balaadhiyo dhabaha ay diyaaraduhu ku ordaan ee garoonka oo laga dhigay 1,800m ilaa 2,650m. Balaadhka dhabyga diyaaraduhu waxa kale oo laga balaadhin doonaa 30m ilaa 45m, waxaana labada dhinac ka muuqan doona 7.5m garbaha quruuruxda. Sida uu sheegay wasiir ku xigeenka wasaaradda duulista hawada Puntland Cabdiqani Geelle, dowladda Puntland ayaa qorshaynaysa in ay dhismo noocan oo kale ah ku sameyso garoonka diyaaradaha ee Garoowe ee Garoowe, garoonka diyaaradaha Cabdullaahi Yuusuf ee Gaalkacyo iyo kan Qardho ee Qardho.
==Milatari==
[[File:Calaamada ciidamada daraawishta2.png|thumb|Astaanta Ciidanka Daraawiishta Puntland]]
Ciidanka PSF-ta Puntland waa ciidamada qalabka sida ee maamul goboleedka Puntland. Taliyeyaasha iyo saraakiisha sare ee ciidamada waxaa loo magacaabay guddi tayo leh oo ay ansixiyeen Golaha Wasiirada.  Laamaha amniga Puntland waxa kale oo ay leeyihiin maxkamad ciidan oo madax-banaan. 
PSF waxaa ka mid ah Ciidanka Daraawiishta Puntland (PDF), qaybteeda rasmiga ah ee ciidamada.  Waxay ka shaqeysaa ciidankeeda booliiska, oo ay ku jiraan Unug Ilaalinta Gaarka ah. 
Hay’adda Sirdoonka Puntland (PIA) waa xafiiska sirdoonka ee ciidamada Puntland. Waxaa la aas aasay sanadkii 2001-dii iyadoo la aas aasay ciidanka sirdoonka Puntland xilligii uu talada hayay Madaxweyne Cabdullaahi Yuusuf Axmed , iyadoo gacan ka heleysa dowladda Mareykanka. 
Ciidanka badda Puntland (PMPF) waa ciidan laga qorey gudaha, xirfadna u leh ilaalinta badda. Ugu horrayn waxaa looga golleeyahay ka hortagga, ogaanshaha iyo ciribtirka burcad-badeednimada , kalluumeysiga sharci-darrada ah , iyo falalka kale ee xaaraanta ah ee ka socda xeebaha Soomaaliya iyo guud ahaan ilaalinta kheyraadka badda ee qaranka.  Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidanku waxay bixiyaan taageero bulsho, oo ay ku jiraan dayactirka ceelasha, dayactirka isbitaallada iyo rugaha caafimaadka, iyo dayactirka waddooyinka, garoomada diyaaradaha iyo kaabayaasha kale. Waxa kale oo ay siisaa barnaamijyo tababar xirfadeed bulshooyinka deegaanka.
==Dhaqaalaha==
Puntland waxay leedahay 1,600 km (990 mi) oo xeeb ah, kaas oo ay ku badan yihiin kalluunka iyo kheyraadka kale ee badda . Wax soo saarka dhaqaale ee dheeraadka ah iyo waxqabadyada gobolka waxaa ka mid ah xoolaha nool , faleenka , malmalka , xabkaha carabiga , wax soo saarka iyo beeraha .  Wax soo saarka beeraha sida canbaha, muuska, guavas, liin, sonkorta, iyo lawska ayaa lagu beeraa beeraha gobolka. 
Raashinka iyo badeecadaha laga soo dejiyo Berbera , Somaliland qiimo jaban ayaa lagu iibiyaa marka loo eego kuwa Boosaaso laga soo dejiyo .  Sidaa darteed, beddelka xoolaha nool ee ka soo jeeda Puntland waxaa laga dhoofiyaa Berbera . Xarumaha ganacsiga ee Puntland waxay ku kala yaalaan Boosaaso iyo Gaalkacyo . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, magaalooyinka kale sida Qardho iyo Garoowe waxay u dhaqmaan sidii goobaha suuqa ee fasalka labaad. 
Dakhliga waxaa laga soo saaraa warshadaha soo socda: Xoolaha, Kalluumeysiga, Beeyada, iyo Ganacsiga yaryar. Xoolaha ka soo jeeda Puntland waxaa loo dhoofiyaa Boosaaso.  Xarumaha ganacsiga ee muhiimka ah ee Puntland waxay ku kala yaalaan Boosaaso iyo Gaalkacyo .  Caanaha aruuriya ( Anooley Af Soomaali ) waxay ku sugan yihiin suuqyada magaalooyinka Qardho , Garoowe iyo Boosaso . 
Puntland ayaa leh heerka ugu hooseeya ee saboolnimada Soomaaliya , iyadoo 27% ka ah, halka Somaliland ay ka tahay 50% iyo 57% Muqdisho . Khubarada ayaa aaminsan in tani ay sabab u tahay isticmaalka badan iyo ka qaybgalka xoogga shaqada oo sarreeya. Qoysaska ku nool Puntland waxay isticmalaan tiro ka badan qofkiiba shay iyo wax ka badan qoyskiiba. Heerka hoose ee faqriga uma muuqdo mid ay wadaan tirada qoyska, maadaama celceliska Puntland uu yahay 5.2, marka la barbar dhigo 5.7 Somaliland iyo 4.5 ee Muqdisho . Puntland waxa ay si fiican uga socotaa tilmaamo kala duwan oo muhiim ah oo samaha. Tusaale ahaan, heerka wax-akhriska Puntland waa 64% marka la barbar dhigo celceliska qaranka oo ah 55%. Intaa waxaa dheer, qoysaska Puntland waxay sidoo kale ka sarreeyaan celceliska natiijooyinka kale ee waxbarasho sida is-diiwaangelinta iyo kasbashada waxbarashada. 70% qoysaska Puntland ayaa helay ilo biyood oo hagaagsan marka loo eego celceliska qaranka oo ah 58%. Sidaa darteed, waxqabadka sare ee Puntland ee tilmaamayaasha samaha ee aan lacagta ahayn waxay la jaan qaadayaan heerka saboolnimada hoose.
Bishii Disembar 2011, suuq ganacsi oo cusub ayaa laga furay xaafadda Dayaxa ee waqooyiga Boosaaso (&quot;Xiddiga&quot;), una dhow dekedda. Qiyaastii nus kiilomitir cabbirkeeda, waxaa loo qorsheeyay si loo hubiyo helitaanka gaadhiga. Suuqan ayaa ka dhashay qorshe taxaddar leh oo u dhexeeya madaxda dawladda Puntland iyo wakiilada bulshada rayidka ah. 
[[File:Galkamaal.jpg|thumb|Bangiga Amal ee Gaalkacyo , Puntland]]
Boosaaso waxa kale oo ay xarun u tahay shirkadda Golis Telecom Soomaaliya oo ah shirkadda ugu weyn ee isgaarsiineed ee waqooyi bari Soomaaliya. Waxaa la asaasay sanadkii 2002 ujeedadeeduna ahayd sidii dalka loo gaadhsiin lahaa adeegyada mobilada ee GSM, khadka tooska ah iyo adeega internet ka , waxa ay leedahay shabakad balaadhan oo ka kooban dhamaan magaalooyinka waaweyn ee qaranka iyo in ka badan 40 degmo oo ka kala tirsan Puntland iyo Somaliland. Intaa waxaa dheer, Netco waxay xarunteedu ku leedahay magaalada. Shirkadaha kale ee isgaarsiinta ee u adeega gobolka waxaa ka mid ah Telcom iyo NationLink .
Bishii April 2013, Wasaaradda Kalluumeysiga iyo Kheyraadka Badda Puntland ayaa si rasmi ah u daah furtay suuq cusub oo kalluunka lagu iibinayo oo laga hirgeliyay magaalada Garoowe. Dhismahan oo ay iska kaashadeen madaxda UK iyo UNDP, waa qayb ka mid ah qorshe ballaaran oo lagu horumarinayo gobolka oo lagu arki doono laba suuq oo kale oo la mid ah oo sanadkan gudihiisa laga furay Gaalkacyo iyo Qardho. 
Bishii Agoosto 2014, iyada oo ay weheliyaan dawladda Jabuuti iyo shirkad dhisme oo caalami ah oo xarunteedu tahay Shiinaha, wasaaradda gaadiidka iyo dekedaha Puntland waxay daah-furtay mashruuc lagu dhisayo dekedo cusub oo maamul goboleedka. Qorshahan ayaa qeyb ka ah olole ballaaran oo maamulka Puntland uu ku doonayo in diiradda lagu saaro sidii looga faa’ideysan lahaa fursadaha ganacsi ee gobolka iyadoo loo marayo mashaariic horumarineed oo kala duwan
===Shidaal baadhista===
[[File:Puntland oil.png|thumb|Shidaalkii Puntland]]
Sannadihii 2000-aadkii, dawladda Puntland waxay bilowday wada-xaajood rasmi ah oo ay la yeelanayso shirkado Shisheeye oo Shisheeye ah oo ku saabsan xuquuqda sahaminta dhulka. Maamulka gobolka Oktoobar 2005 ayaa Range Resources siiyay saamiga ugu badan ee labada shati ee sahaminta macdanta iyo kaarboonka biyaha ku salaysan ee baaxadda leh, marka lagu daro xuquuqaha badda. Xeebta Nugaaleed iyo Dooxada Dharoor ee su'aasha la is weydiinayo waxay gaaraysa in ka badan 14,424 iyo 24,908 km2 ( 5,569 iyo 9,617 sq mi), siday u kala horreeyaan. Laba sano ka dib, Range Resources waxay heshay 100% dulsaar labada baloog waxayna isla markaaba 80% ka beeratay saamigaas Canmex Minerals. 
Bishii Janaayo 2007, maamulka Puntland oo uu markaas hoggaaminayey Madaxweyne Maxamuud Muuse Xirsi ayaa heshiis la saxiixday Puntland Product Sharing Agreement (PSA) oo ay la saxiixdeen Range Resources Limited iyo Canmex Minerals subsidiary Canmex Holdings (Bermuda) II Limited. 
Ka dib markii uu isbedel ku yimid hoggaanka 2009, dawladda Puntland ee uu hadda hoggaamiyo Madaxweyne Cabdiraxmaan Maxamuud Faroole, waxay damacday inay dib ugala xaajoodaan heshiiska faa'iidada qaybsiga ee Range Resources si loo xaqiijiyo shuruudo badan oo ku habboon gobolka.  Sannadkii 2012, dawladda Puntland waxay siisay iftiinka cagaaran mashruucii ugu horreeyay ee sahaminta shidaalka ee Puntland iyo guud ahaan Soomaaliya. 
Sanadkii 2017-kii, wasiiro ka tirsan Puntland ayaa shir ay yeesheen golaha wasiirada waxay ku ansixiyeen heshiis shidaal baaris ah oo ay la gashay shirkadda CCECC ee laga leeyahay dalka Shiinaha , taas bedelkeedana waxaa lagu dhisay waddo isku xirta Eyl iyo Garoowe iyo dayactir iyo dib u habeyn lagu sameeyay garoonka diyaaradaha ee Cabdullaahi Yuusuf
==Warbaahinta==
[[File:Satelpunt.jpg|thumb|Qaar ka mid ah adeegyada dayax-gacmeedka ee Puntland]]
Puntland waxay leedahay TV iyo istuudiyo u gaar ah. TV-ga iyo Raadiyaha Puntland waa shabakada baahinta guud ee maamul goboleedka Puntland ee Soomaaliya. Xarunteedu waa magaalo madaxda gobolka ee Garoowe . Adeeggu wuxuu kaloo xafiis ku leeyahay London . La aas aasay bishii April 2013, Puntland TV iyo Radio waxay ku hadashaa af-Soomaali gudaha gudaha iyadoo la adeegsanayo adeegga dhulka. Waxa kale oo ay sii daysaa barnaamijyo caalami ah iyada oo loo marayo dayax-gacmeedka . Radio Puntland ayaa si caalami ah u tabiya mowjadaha gaaban, iyadoo la gaarsiinayo ilaa Finland. Barnaamijkeeda caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah wararka guud, diiradda saaraya horumarka gobolka, ciyaaraha iyo madadaalada. 
Idaacadaha sida gaarka ah loo leeyahay ee East Television Network (ETN TV) iyo Somali Broadcasting Corporation (SBC TV) ayaa laga baahiyey magaalada Boosaaso. 
Radio Garowe oo la aas aasay 2004tii waa idaacad bulsho oo xarunteedu tahay Garowe. Idaacadda ayaa maalin kasta ka soo baxda Soomaaliya 89.8 FM, [ 112 ] iyadoo ka soo tabisa dhammaan cinwaannadii ugu dambeeyay ee wararka, siyaasadda iyo bulshada Soomaaliyeed. Waxa ay sidoo kale baahisaa barnaamijyo kale oo gaar ah oo ka baxa Garowe Online oo ah mareegta walaalkeed ee internetka.
LaasqorayNET waa shabakad kale oo si gaar ah loo leeyahay oo fadhigeedu yahay Badhan , Boosaaso , Dubai iyo London . Mareegta waxaa ku jira maqaallo ku qoran af Soomaali iyo Ingiriis. Intaa waxaa dheer, shabakadu waxay martigelisaa qaar ka mid ah maqalka, inkastoo kan dambe aan si joogto ah loo cusbooneysiin.
Radio Gaalkacyo waa idaacada dowladda. Xarunteedu tahay magaalada Gaalkacyo , waxaa hore loo odhan jiray Radio Free Somalia.
Horseed Media waxaa la aas aasay sanadkii 2002-dii, waxaana aasaasay koox aqoonyahano ah oo Soomaaliyeed oo ku kala nool dalalka Holland iyo Finland. Idaacadda ayaa ka dhegeysata magaalada Boosaaso, waxaana dhageystayaal gaaraya ilaa 80,000 oo qof, iyadoo dhererkeedu yahay 150 km2 ( 58 sq mi). Waxa kale oo ay ka shaqeysaa shabakad ay ku xisaabtamaan in ka badan 10,000 oo booqasho maalinle ah.
Puntland Post oo fadhigeedu yahay magaalada Garoowe ayaa waxaa la aas aasay sanadkii 2001-dii, waxaana aasaasay qurba-joog Soomaaliyeed oo ku dhaqan dalka Denmark. Websaydhkeedu waxa uu maalin walba ku soo bandhigaa warbixino iyo falanqeyn isugu jira warar gudaha iyo dibadda ah oo isugu jira Soomaali iyo Ingiriis, iyadoo xoogga la saarayo arrimaha Puntland. 
Puntland Star oo la aas aasay 2014-kii, waxa ay idiin soo gudbisaa warar, sheekooyin iyo Documentry ka socda Soomaaliya iyo Caalamka intiisa kale.
Ururada kale ee warbaahinta waxaa ka mid ah Raxanreeb Online (RBC Radio). Waxa la bilaabay 2006dii, RBC waxa ay dhagaystayaasha caalamka u soo bandhigtaa wararka Soomaaliga oo ku baxa Soomaali iyo Ingiriisba. Iyada oo ilo toos ah laga helayo Soomaaliya, waxay khusaysaa siyaasadda gudaha iyo bulshada
==Ciyaaraha==
===Kubadda Cagta===
Sannadka 2017, waxaa la aasaasay ururka maamul goboleedka Puntland oo ka kooban sagaal kooxood.

== Dawladda Puntland ==
Dawladda Puntland ee somaliyeed waxaa la asaasay 1998kii, waxaana asaasay isimo ,siyaasiyiin,ganacsato,culimaa,udiin ,haween dadka ugu caansanaa ee isugu yimi shirkii GAROWE kadhacay 1998 waxaa kamid ahaa madaxweynihii hore ee Dawladda DFKMG [[Cabdullaahi Yuusuf Axmed]], Ibrahim Abshir Ibrahim, Beeldaaje Xaaji Cabdullahi, Suldaan Ciise Xasan Cumar, [[Ugaas Yaasiin Ugaas Cabdirixmaan| Ugaas Yaasiin]], Suldaan Saciid Cabdisalaan, Islaan Maxamed iyo Garaad Jaamac ,sababta loo sameeyay maamulkaan wuxuu ahaa si loo badbaadiyo shacabka woqooyiga. Maamulka puntland aad ayuu uuga duwanyahay maamulka kale ee [[SSC-Khatumo]]. Puntland ma raadinooso kala goynta dalka somalia, dadkaan waa dad wadaniyiin ah . shacabka puntland run ahaantii waa dad markasto raadiyo isku keenta shacabka soomaaliyeed. Puntland waxee leedahay maamul xukumo iyo barlamaan u gooni ah iyo wasiiro maamulo shacab woqooyiga. 

===Hormuudka===
Madaxweynihii ugu horeeyay ee puntland woxoo ahaa Cabdullahi Yuusuf, waxaa ku xigay Maxamed Abdi Xaashi waxaa ku xigay Cade Muuse waxaa ku sii xigay Cabdiraxmaan Maxamuud faroole, Hadana waxaa xilka hayya Cabdiwali Maxamed Cali. 

== caasimada puntland ==
Garoowe waa caasimadda Dawladda puntland ee somaliyeed, Garoowe ayaa waxay soo martay maraxalado kala gedisan. Haatanna waxay maraysaa heer keedii ugu sarreeyay. Magaalada Ayaa xarun u ah haayado dowliya iyo kuwa aan dowli ahayn,qunsuliyado,ururo maxali ah , kuwa NGO ah,radio stations,TV IWM.
Garowe waxaa ku yaal Meelo aad iyo aad u qurxoon suuqaaq iyo bacadlayaal aad iyo aad u camiran Jawiga ayaa had iyo goorba ah mid aan qaboow saa'ida iyo kulayl saa'idana aan lahayn qorraxda ayaa inta badan waxaa ku dahaaran cadar iyo daruuro. 

===Qarnigii 21ka===
Ka dib markii wadatashiyo badan ay yeesheen isimada, siyaasiyiinta, aqoonyahanka, ganacsatada, iyo qaybaha kala duwan ee bulshada ku nool goboladan, ayaa waxaa la go'aansaday in magaalada Garoowe lagu qabto shir loo wada dhan yahay kaasoo ujeedadiisu ay ahayd in la dhiso maamul dowlad goboleed. Islamarkaas waxaas ku soo biiray Gobolada Sanaag iyo Sool oo kula bahoobay Maamulaka cusub Goboladii laysku oran jiray Waqooyi Bari.

Shirkaas waxaa ka soo baxay bartamihii 1998, Dowlad Goboleedka Puntland, taasoo leh sadexda awoodood oo kala ah, Golaha Wakiilada oo dhan 66 Xilibaan oo lab iyo dhedigba leh, Garsoorka , iyo Golaha Xukuumada oo leh Madaxwayne iyo madaxwayne ku-xigeen.

== Dhismihii==
===maamulka===
Sida uu qeexayo Xeerka 1aad,. ee axdiga ku meel-gaarka ah ee lagu dhisay Puntland.

===Hubinta===
'''Hubinta iyo controlka daawada'''

Waxaa wasaarada u suurto gashey in la helo labo mashiin oo ah kuwa lagu baarey tayada daawada oo la dhigay Magaalada [[Bosaso]] (Dekada) iyo [[Garowe]].

Waxaa ay wasaaradu magacowday gudi dib u eega nidaamyada ilaalinta kontoroolka daawada.

Waxa socda dib u eegista iyo hirgelinta sharciga caafimaadka ,Waxa hirgeshey in la mamnuuco ka ganacsashada daawada qaaxada ee goobaha ganacsiga ah.

[[File:R.publication Somali language.jpg|thumb|380px|Daabacadaha [[Af Soomaali|Af-Soomaaliga]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.jw.org/so/wargeysyada/maxaa-cusub/ Buugag iyo Qormo Dhigashada…]&lt;/ref&gt;]]

==Bulshada==
===Hirgalinta===
'''hirgalinta Siyaasadda (ISKA WAX U QABSO)'''

Waxa wasaaraddu si fiican ugu wacyi gelisey bulshada reer Puntland ka qeyb qaadashada caafimaadka guud 
Waxa ay wasaaraddu ka shaqeysay isku xirka Jaaliyada dibada ee reer Puntland si ay gacan fiican uga geystaan caafimaa
===Calanka===
Calanka Puntland midabadeeda waa [[ciraad]], cagaar iyo cadaan. Calanka Puntland waxay uu eegtahay calanka Uzbekistan iyo calanka Lesotho.

== Kaabayaasha (infrastructure) ==
Miisaaniyadaha Degmooyinka.
Markii u horaysay Wasaaradda Arrimaha Guduhu waxay ku guuleysatay inay Miisaaniyado u samayso qaar ka mid ah Degmooyinka Puntland walow aan Degmooyinka oo dhan loo samayn hadana waxaa loo sameeyey 9 Degmo o ka tirsan Degmooyinka Miisaaniyadaas oo isu dheeli tiraysa Dakhli &amp; Khara.

Waxayna ka kooban tahay Saadaasha/ Odorosida Dakhliga soo gelaya Degmooyinka ee la filayo &amp; Kharashka ku baxaya hawlaha Degmadda taas oo sahashay in D/hoose lagula xisaabtamo Dakhliga soo galay &amp; sida ay u kharash gareeyeen , Miisaaniyadda Degmooyinku waxay ka mid noqonayaan Dakhliga Guud ee Dowladda dhexe (GDP).

===Goobaha===
 
'''Liiska Degmooyinka loo sameeyey Miisaaniyadaha &amp; Qiyaasta Kharash &amp; Dakhli ee Degmooyinkaas'''

# [[Garoowe]] 21,031,284,000
# [[Boosaaso]] 39,878,352,000
# [[Gaalkacayo]] 27,000,000,000
# [[Qardho]] 7,012,671,000
# [[Carmo]] 5,615,040,000
# [[Buurtinle]] 1,224,000,000
# [[Dangorayo]] 3,729,408,000
# [[Xarfo]] 2,400,000,000
# [[Waaciye]] 4,774,584,000
# Ufeyn 5,800,600,000
Degmadda Wadarta Guud ee Miisaaniyadda Sh.so/

===Caafimaadka Puntland===
Waxaa si joogta u shaqeynaya oo adeegyada caafimaadka joogta bixiyey 86 xarumaha hooyada iyo dhalaan, 8 Isbitaal heer gobol, 9 Isbitaal 7 xarumaha qaaxada, 5 xarumaha barista iyo la talinta cudurka Ej-Ay-Fii Aydhiska, 10 xarun oo caafimaad dhimirka, 6 xarun quudinta nafaqda iyo 212 Baro caafimaad.

Xarumahaas caafimaadka waxa ay dhamaantood ku kala yaalan dhamaan degaanada Puntland heer gobol ilaa tuulo.

Guud ahaan xaalada caafimaad ee dalka waa mid degan waxaana si dhameystiran loo xakameeyey cuduraddii dilaacey 3 bilood ee la soo dhaafey Dalgaalkii galmudug ka dacay waa la gu laayey puntland markaasna puntland way jabtey.

===Kor u qaadista===
'''Kor u qaadista wadashaqeynta hayadaha'''

Waxa la sameeyey nidaam wadashaqeyn hayadaha ka shaqeeya caafimaadka Puntland si wax ku ool u noqdaan mashaaricda ay nagalaa shaqeeyan Hayadaha caalamiga ah.
* [[Soomaali luqadda dhegoolaha]]
==Tixraacyo==
[https://en.populationdata.net/rankings/population/ &quot;Darajooyinka - Wadamada iyo Dhulka Adduunka • PopulationData.net&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://en.populationdata.net/rankings/population/ |date=20210629181040 }}

[https://www.dw.com/en/somalia-puntland-pulls-recognition-of-federal-government/a-68709757 &quot;Soomaaliya: Puntland oo la baxday aqoonsiga dowladda federaalka – DW – 03/31/2024&quot;]

[https://www.tvcnews.tv/somalia-puntland-refuses-to-recognise-fg-after-disputed-constitutional-changes/ &quot;Soomaaliya: Puntland way diiday inay aqoonsato DFS ka dib markii la isku khilaafay dastuurka]

[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-04-01/puntland-to-operate-independently-from-somalia-after-law-change &quot;Puntland waa in ay si madax banaan uga shaqeyso Soomaaliya ka dib markii sharciga la bedelo&quot;]

[https://www.jurist.org/news/2024/04/somalia-state-of-puntland-rejects-constitutional-amendments-and-withdraws-from-federal-government/ “Maamulka Soomaaliya ee Puntland waxa uu diiday in wax laga bedelo dastuurka, kana baxay dowladda federaalka”]

[http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Puntland_s_Experience_in_Peace-building_and_State-building.shtml : Waaya aragnimada Puntland ee Nabadaynta iyo Dawlad-dhisidda] {{Wayback|url=http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Puntland_s_Experience_in_Peace-building_and_State-building.shtml |date=20131017121333 }}

[https://books.google.com/books?id=mUIdWpwofCcC&amp;pg=PA102 Buug-gacmeedka Sharciga Ganacsiga Soomaaliya: Macluumaadka Istaraatiijiga ah iyo Sharciyada]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20121120100415/http://www.rangeresources.com.au/fileadmin/user_upload/research_Reports/gecr_29Nov07_RangeResources_mainnote.pdf &quot;Rage Resources: Speculative Buy at 25.5p - Qiimaha bartilmaameedka 56p&quot;] 20kii Noofambar 2012. La soo celiyay 19 Abriil 2019.Maamul-goboleedka Soomaaliyeed ee Puntland waxa uu isu haystaa in uu yahay mid madaxbannaan tan iyo 1998-kii, iyada oo caasimad u ah Garoowe, waxana uu magacaabay gobollo leh caasimad goboleedyo la aqoonsan yahay. Maamulka Putland ee uu madaxda ka yahay Madaxweyne Cadde Muuse Xirsi ayaa ah kuwo aan si hoose u muuqan, mana raadiyaan in ay ka madax banaanaadaan dowladda KMG ah ee Soomaaliya (Muqdisho waa caasimad). Maamulka Puntland ayaa soo shaac baxay ka dib markii la riday Madaxweyne Siyaad Barre 1991. Koonfurta Soomaaliya, maxkamado Islaami ah, qabqablayaal dagaal iyo qabaa'il gobolleed ayaa isku haya awoodda iyo xukunka iyadoo Puntland ay dareemayso xasillooni siyaasadeed iyadoo hal beel oo ka tirsan Puntland ay hadda maamusho gobolka. hab-siyaasadeed ku jihaysan

[https://books.google.com/books?id=l2QwAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=puntland+harti Axdigii 1998 ee Puntland ee Soomaaliya]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20120728101945/http://www.ameinfo.com/116856.html &quot;RAK iyo Puntland oo kala saxiixday heshiisyo lagu xoojinayo iskaashiga labada dhinac | Dowladda Ras Al Khaimah&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20150418222759/http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/08/somaliapuntland-to-establish-new-seaports-as-part-of-the-boost-puntland-economy-campaign/ &quot;Soomaaliya: Puntland waxay samaynaysaa dekedo cusub oo qayb ka ah ololaha &quot;Kobcinta dhaqaalaha Puntland&quot;]

[http://www.dxing.info/news/2013_04.dx &quot;Idaacadda Puntland ee Soomaaliya oo tijaabisay 13800 kHz mowjadaha gaaban&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20150321103106/http://somali-media.so/media-directory/radio/ &quot;Khariidadda Warbaahinta Soomaaliyeed – Xarumaha Idaacadaha&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20211225054712/https://www.datanyze.com/companies/puntland-post/353771459 &quot;Puntland Post Company Profile | Liiska Maamulka iyo Shaqaalaha&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20211225054712/https://www.datanyze.com/companies/puntland-post/353771459 &quot;Puntland Post Company Profile | Liiska Maamulka iyo Shaqaalaha&quot;]

[https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-38621292 &quot;Horyaalka koobaad ee Puntland oo wareegii labaad galay&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[http://mopicplgov.net/ Wasaaradda Qorshaynta iyo Iskaashiga Caalamiga ah ee Puntland] {{Wayback|url=http://mopicplgov.net/ |date=20131015053122 }} ayaa 15 October 2013 

[http://pl.statistics.so/the-somali-health-demographic-survey-2020/#:~:text=01%20May%20The%20Somali%20Health%20%26%20Demographic%20Survey%202020&amp;text=The%20Somali%20Health%20and%20Demographic,urban%2C%20rural%20and%20nomadic%20households. Waaxda Tirakoobka Puntland] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210629001940/http://pl.statistics.so/the-somali-health-demographic-survey-2020/ waxaa lagu kaydiyay] 29 June 2021 

[https://www.polgeonow.com/2021/02/somalia-control-map-2021.html?m=1 Khariidadda Xakamaynta Soomaaliya]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Boorama</title>
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      <text bytes="18903" sha1="7ae0p5vyp4oy405p0inop70bzmuaj7c" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Borama
| native_name        = {{native name|so|Boorama}}&lt;br /&gt;{{native name|ar|بورما|italic=no}}
| other_name         = 
| settlement_type    = Magaalo
| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage
  |color=#ffffff
  | photo1a = FB KB 1687856969599.jpg
  | photo2a = Saw Hotel, Borama, Somaliland.jpg
  | photo2b =Rays Hotel, Borama, Somaliland.jpg
  | photo3a = Safari resort Park borama.jpg
  | photo3b = Borama_night.jpg
  | photo4a = Safari resort hotels1.jpg
  | photo4b = Safari resort hotels.jpg
  | photo5a = Safari Hotel borama.jpg
  | spacing = 2
  | border = 0
  | size = 266
}}
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = Degaan ku yaala Boorama
| image_flag         = Flag of Borama.svg
| flag_size          = 
| image_blank_emblem = Borama local council logo.svg
| blank_emblem_type  = Calaamadda Golaha Deegaanka Borama
| nickname           = 
| motto              = 
| image_map          = 
| mapsize            = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = Awdal#Somaliland
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Goobta Boorama
| pushpin_relief     = yes
| coordinates        = {{coord|9|56|9|N|43|11|3|E|region:SO-AW|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Somaliland}}
| subdivision_type1  = 
| subdivision_type2  = [[Gobolada Somaliland|Gobolka]]
| subdivision_type3  = [[Qaybaha maamulka Somaliland|Degmada]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{flag|Somaliland}}
| subdivision_name2  = [[Awdal]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Degmada Boorama]]
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = [[Gudoomiyaha Boorama|Gudoomiye]]
| leader_name        = Maxamed Axmed Warsame (Baradho)
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_magnitude     = 
| area_total_km2     = 3,130
| area_land_km2      = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 1,433
| elevation_ft       = 
| population_density_km2 = 191.0
| population_est     = 300,000
| pop_est_as_of      = 2023
| population_rank    = [[Liiska magaalooyinka Somaliland|3aad]]
| pop_est_footnotes  = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.horndiplomat.com/2023/10/12/sdf-funded-borama-water-supply-expansion-project-commissioned/ |title=SDF funded Borama Water Supply Expansion Project Commissioned |df=dmy-all |access-date=2025-10-02 |archive-date=2024-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203060427/https://www.horndiplomat.com/2023/10/12/sdf-funded-borama-water-supply-expansion-project-commissioned/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_note    = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = +252
| website            = 
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| blank_name         = [[Cimilada|Cimilada]]
| blank_info         = [[Cimilada|BSh]]
| name               = 
| population_demonym = BOORAMAWI بورماوي
| iso_code           = SO-AW
}}
'''Boorama''' ({{lang-en|Borama}} '''Borame''' iyo '''Boorame''') waa magaalo madaxda gobolka [[Awdal]] ee galbeed [[Somaliland]], iyo fadhiga dowlada [[Degmada Boorama]].

Boorama waxay u dhowdahay xadka [[Itoobiya]] iyo [[Jabuuti]].&lt;ref&gt;xadka [[Itoobiya]] iyo [[Jabuuti]]&lt;/ref&gt; Magaaladan waxaa degan dad gaaraayo in ka badan 600,300 oo qof tirkoobki guud ee 2020. Boorama waxay ka mid tahay magaalooyinka ugu taariikhda dheer dalka [[Somaliland]], waa dhulkii eey maamuli jireen saldanadii [[Adal]]. Deegaanka magaaladu ku taalo waa dhul sare oo [[buur]]oleey ah, midaasi oo ka dhigta qaboow wakhtiga jiilaalka.

Magaalada Boorama waa saldhiga waxbarashada dalka Somaliland, waxaa ku yaala dugsiyo, koolejyo iyo jaamacado badan; midaasi oo sababtay in Boorama loo bixiyo &quot;''hooyga waxbarashada shacabka Soomaaliyeed''&quot;. Borama waxa ku yaala Jaamacada ugu wayn waqtigan dalka Soomaaliya ee [[Jaamacadda Camuud]]. Intaasi waxaa dheer in Borama tahay meeshii lagu aasaasay heshiisyadii beelaha waqooyiga Soomaaliya ka dib dagaaladii sokeeye ee 1991kii.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;''hooyga waxbarashada shacabka Soomaaliyeed''&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Guud ahaan magaalada Borama waa mid jawi degan oo nabad iyo aqoon lagu yaqaano.&lt;ref&gt;siyaasada dadka reer [[Awdal]]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Asalka erayga==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:FB KB 1687856969599.jpg|alt=
&lt;/gallery&gt;
Magaca Boorama waxa uu ka yimid erayga booraan (pl. booraamo ) oo ah god dheer ama niyad jab juqraafiyeed (tusaale basin, doox).  Magaalada waxa loogu magac daray dooxyada ku xeeran, magaalada Boorama oo la macno ah dooxyo
==Taariikhda==
[[File:Qorgab_Valley.jpg|thumb|Dooxa Qorgaab ee ka baxsan Boorama]]
Si la mid ah magaalooyin dhowr ah oo u dhow sida Camuud , waxa deegaanka Boorama laga helay waxyaabo badan oo qadiimiga ah, kuwaas oo tilmaamaya dhacdo hore oo dhacday. Kuwa dambe waxaa ka mid ah hadhaagii qadiimiga ahaa ee qabuuraha , guryaha iyo masaajidda , marka lagu daro gogosha badeecooyinka Oriental-ka, gaar ahaan kuwa Shiinaha . Farshaxanada iyo qaab-dhismeedyadu waxay soo jireen xilliyo kala duwan oo taariikhi ah, laga soo bilaabo qarniyadii 12aad ilaa 18aad. Inta badan, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay ka soo jeedaan qarniyadii 15aad iyo 16aad, wakhti dhaqdhaqaaq ganacsi oo weyn oo gobolka ah oo la xidhiidha Adal Sultanate dhexe . 
Qodista laga soo saaray dabayaaqadii 1800-aadkii iyo horraantii 1900-aadkii in ka badan afar iyo toban goobood oo ku yaalla agagaarka magaalada Boorama ayaa laga soo saaray waxyaabo ay ka mid yihiin qadaadiic la sheegay in laga soo qaatay Kait Bey , oo ahaa Boqorkii siddeed iyo tobnaad ee Burji Mamluk Suldaankii Masar . Inta badan waxa la helay waxa loo diray Matxafka Britishka si loo xafido wax yar ka dib markii la helay. 
Nuskii hore ee qarnigii 20aad, Boorama waxa ay samaysatay qayb ka mid ah maxmiyaddii British Somaliland . Magaalada Boorame ee casriga ah waxa la aasaasay 1921-kii, waxaana aasaasay Ughaz Cilmi Warfaa , Ughaz ee Gadabuursi ,  oo amar ka soo qaatay Ingiriiska, oo dhidibada u taagay. Ka dib waxaa loo magacaabay degmo ahaan 1925. 
Sannadkii 1933-kii, Sheekh Cabdiraxmaan Sheekh Nuur , oo ahaa macallin Qur’aan ah , ahna wiil uu dhalay qaaddigii Boorama ( xaakimkii), ayaa hindisay qoraallo cusub oo lagu turjumay af-Soomaaliga Afro-Asiatic Kushitic . Hab qoraal ah oo sax ah , farta Boorama waxa inta badan adeegsan jiray Nuur, saaxiibadiisa magaalada iyo qaar ka mid ah ganacsatada gacanta ku haysa ganacsiga Saylac iyo Boorama. Ardayda Sheekh Nuur ayaa sidoo kale la baray adeegsiga farta. .  Alifbeetada sidoo kale guud ahaan waxaa loo yaqaanaa farta Gadabuursi .
Xornimada ka dib , Boorama waxa lagu maamuli jiray qayb ka mid ah maamulka rasmiga ah ee Awdal ee Soomaaliya. Intii lagu jiray dagaalkii Ogaadeeniya ee dabayaaqadii 1970-aadkii, Boorama waxay ka mid ahayd dhawr magaalo oo waqooyi ah oo ay hawada ku duqeeyeen ciidamada Itoobiya ee la safan Dhaqdhaqaaqa Waddaniga Soomaaliyeed .

== Juquraafi ==
Meesha ee ku taalo magaalada Boorama waa dhul [[Buuro|buuroleey]] ah oo mararka qaar [[Dhulgariir]] ka dhaco. Boorama waa magaalada kaliya oo ugu dhul gariir badan wadanka jamhuuriyada somalia iyadoo dhul gariiradii ugu badnaa ay ka dhaceen Boorama sanadka markuu ahaa 1980 wakhtigaas oo magaalada Boorama ka dhacay dhul gariiro aad u fara badanaa, sidoo kale waxa la dareemay sanadkii 2011. Sidoo kale dhulgariirka waxoo gaaraa magaalooyinka kale oo ku yaalo gobolka [[Woqooyi Galbeed]].&lt;ref&gt;dhul [[Buuro|buuroleey]] ah oo mararka qaar [[Dhulgariir]]&lt;/ref&gt; 
Magaalada Boorama meesha eey ku taalo waa meel qaboow adag ka dhaco wakhtiyada jiilaalka ee u dhexeeya bilaha November ilaa February, waana meel jawigeeda isbadalo.Sidoo kale magaaladu waxey leedahay dhul daaqsiimeey cows badan oo xayawaan badani ku nool yahay. Juquraafi ahaan beesha magaalada Borama ku nooli waxay deegaan ama aay xudoodo la leeyihin sedex beelood oo ka mid ah beelaha Somalida: Ciise oo dhanka Jabuuti ah Isaaq oo aay dhanka Somaliland isla dagaan iyo Ogaaden ooy Ethopia wada dagaan; taasina waxay ka dhigtay dad dhaqan kastaba fahami kara, furfuran oo ka ilbaxsan reeraha kale.&lt;ref&gt;Xadaarada iyo ilbaxnimada reer Borama&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Boramhoriz.jpeg|thumb|300px|Boorama]]

== Dhismaha magaalada ==
Boorama waxee ka midtahay magaalooyinka aad u soo korooyo, magaaladaan waa magaalo ee dhismo ku socoto,waa magaalada ugu quruxda badan woqooyi galbeed. Waana magaalo leh garoon diyaaradeed.
Borama waxay ku jirtaa magaalooyinka ugu cimilada wanaagsan geeska afrika, waana meel aya aad ugu helaan dalxiisayaashu, waa meel biyaha aad ugu qani ah.
Borama waa magaalada kaliya ee ayna saamayn dagaalada sokeeye ee ka kadhay dalka, waa magaalo aad u nabadbadan yadoo ay ajaanibku aad u jecelyihiin.&lt;ref&gt;Koritaanka magaalada Borama&lt;/ref&gt;
Borama waxa ku yaala Jaamacada ugu wayn waqtigan dalka Soomaaliya ee [[Jaamacadda Camuud]], jaamacadan waxay kulmisa dhammaan arday soomaliyeed ee ku kala nool wadanka somalia yadoo ay jaamacadan ay isugu imaadaan. sidoo kale waxa ay leedahay jaamacada Elo- university oo kaalinta sadexaaad ka gashay heerka waxbarasho ee jaamacada soomaaliya qiimanyntii sanadka 2014. 
Borama waa magaaladii lagu aas aasay Dawlada Somaliland, waa magaalo dadka ku nooli ay nabada aad u jecelyihiin.&lt;ref&gt;Borama waxa ku yaala Jaamacada ugu wayn waqtigan dalka Soomaaliya ee [[Jaamacadda Camuud]]&lt;/ref&gt;
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Gobolka Awdal ee ay magaaladu ku taallo waxa inta badan dega beesha Gadabuursi ee Dir oo si gaar ah u metesha oo lagu tiriyo beesha ugu badan ee gobolka.  ​             Federico Battera (2005) wuxuu ka sheegay Gobolka Awdal :
&quot;Awdal waxa dega inta badan ururka Gadabuursi ee beelaha.&quot; 
Warbixin ay soo saartay Qaramada Midoobay oo ay daabacday Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (1999), ayaa ku sheegtay Awdal :
&quot;Beesha Gadabuursi ayaa ka talisa gobolka Awdal, taasina waxay keentay in siyaasadda gobolka Awdal ay ku dhowdahay inay la mid tahay arrimaha beelaha Gadabuursi.&quot; 
Roland Marchal (1997) wuxuu sheegay in tiro ahaan, Gadabuursigu ay yihiin dadka ugu badan ee deggan Gobolka Awdal :
&quot;Tirada Gadabuursi ee Awdal waxay hubaal ka dhigaysaa in danaha Gadabuursi ay wadaan siyaasadda gobolka.&quot; 
Marleen Renders iyo Ulf Terlinden (2010) labaduba waxay sheegeen in Gadabuursigu ay si gaar ah u deggan yihiin Gobolka Awdal :
“Awdal ee galbeedka Somaliland waxay u dhaxaysaa Jabuuti, Itoobiya iyo dhulweynaha Somaliland ee Isaaqu degan yahay, waxa deggen ugu horrayn saddexda beelood ee beesha Gadabuursi ka kooban tahay, kuwaas oo hay’adoodii dhaqanku ka badbaadeen gumaysigii, dawladnimadii Soomaaliya iyo dagaalladii ka dhacayna si wanaagsan bay u socdaan, welina si habsami ah u shaqaynaya, aadna ugu xidhan nabadgelyada guud.
Waxa kale oo jira tiro aad u tiro yar oo ka tirsan beesha Ciise ee Dir oo inta badan degta degmada Saylac. 

== Ilaha dhaqaalaha ==
Dhaqaalaha magaalada boorama waxee ku tiirsantahay xoolaha iyo beeraha, Waa magaalo ku dadaasho horumarka, sidoo kale waxee leedahay hoteel aad u casriyeesan (Hotel Rays) oo ah Hoteelka Somaliland ugu qurxoon.Inkastoo ee magaaladaan ka tirsantahay dalka somaliland oo aan ictiraaf ka haysan dunida hadana dhaqaalo fiican bay leedahay.Magaalada boorama waxaa laga joojiyay shilin soomaaligii lagu ne badalay lacagta jamhuuriyada Somaliland.

== Waxbarashada ==
Magaalada Boorame waxa ay aad ugu fiicantahy dhanka waxbarashda, waxeyna leedahay dugsiyo iyo jaamacado wax laga barto oo tayo leh oo ay kamid yihiin Jaamacadaha Camuud &amp; Eelo oo loogu yimaado mandiqada Geeska Africa.

Borama waxa loo yaqaana Hoyga Wax-barashada Soomaaliyeed. 

Magaalada Borama ma ahan magaalo madaxda gobolka [[Awdal]] oo kali ah ee sidoo kale waa xudunta waxbarashada. Waxaa ku yaala magaalada in ka badan 100 dugsi oo iskugu jira Dugsiyo Hoose, Dhexe iyo Sare. Dugsiyada sare ee ugu caansan magaalada waxaa ka mid ah: Al Aqsa Secondary School, Sh. Ali Jowhar Secondary, Ubaya-
Ibnuka'ab Secondary School, Hassan Ardale Secondary School, Aayatiin Secondary School,
Waaberi Secondary School, Al Qalam Secondary School, Al Nuur Secondary School and Adam Isaak Secondary School. 

Sidoo kale magaalada Borama waa hoyga [[Jaamacadda Camuud]] oo ah jaamacadii ugu horeeysay ee laga aasaaso cariga Soomaaliyeed burburkii dowladii Siyaad Bare ka dib. Jaamacada oo dhacda 5km bariga caasimada ayaa waxa dhigta kumanaan ardey ah oo ka kala yimid meelo kala duwan oo ka tirsan mandaqada Bariga Afrika. 
Waxa iyadna caasimadan ku taala jaamacada heerka sare ah ee EELO American University oo tiirka loo dhigay sanadkii 2005, iyo waliba SAW
Community College. &lt;ref&gt;EELO American University oo tiirka loo dhigay sanadkii 2005, iyo waliba SAW
Community College&lt;/ref&gt;

Waxa iyadna xusid mudan in caasimada Borama tahay hooyga Dugsiga Dhagoolayaash oo ah midkii ugu horeeyay ee laga furo gayiga Soomaaliyeed. Dugsigan dhagoolayaasha waxa uu tababar iyo waxbarasho lacag la'aan ah u fidiyaa dhammaan dadka dhagoolayasha. 

Bulshada magaalada Borama waa dad aqoonta aad u tix-galiya taageero fiicana siiya horumarinta wax-barashada. Waxa lagu qiyaasaa in 95% shacabka magaaladu leeyahay aqoon dugsi dhexe, in ku dhow 30% eey aqoon heer jaamacadeed taasi oo iskugu jirta dal iyo dibad.&lt;ref&gt;Waxbarashada iyo horumarka gobolka Awdal&lt;/ref&gt;

==Gaadiidka Safarka==
Gaadiidka ugu muhiimsan ee magaalada Borama waa gaadiidka dhulka kaasi oo isku xidha wadanada [[Jabuuti]], [[Itoobiya]] iyo magaalada Borama iyo inta ee Somaliland. Sidoo kale waxay magaalada Borama leedahay [[Gegada Diyaaradaha Borama]] (Borama Airport) inkastoo aanu shaqaynin sanadan dambe, balse ay jirto rajo ah in dib u dhis lagu sameeyo.&lt;ref&gt;[[Gegada Diyaaradaha Borama]] (Borama Airport)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://skyvector.com/?ll=9.945556,43.150833&amp;zoom=4 Aeronautical chart] at SkyVector
&lt;/ref&gt;

==Dadka Caanka Ah==
Dad badan oo heerar kala duwan ah ayaa magaalada Borama deegaan ku ah. Kuwaasi waxaa ka mid ah:

*Muuse Rabiile good* wasiirka keenay Gobalka ay dagmadani ku taalo ee Awdal

*[[Daahir Rayaale Kaahin]], madaxweyihii hore ee Jamhuuriyada [[Somaliland]]
*Cabdiraxman Saylici, madaxweyne ku xigeenka Somaliland
*[[Yusur A.F Abraar]], maareeyaha sare ee [[Soomaliya|Bankiga dhexe Soomaaliya]]
*Dr.Abdirahman Ducale Bayle Wasiirkii hore ee Arimaha Dibada ee Soomaaliay ahna Madaxa mashaariicda dibada ee Afrika Development Bank
*Cabdisalaam Cumar, wasiirka arimaha dibeda ee Soomaaliya

==Magaalo Mataan==
Magaalada Borama waxay mataan la tahay magaalada Henley ee wadanka [[Ingiriis]]ka, taasi ooy leeyihiin xidhiidh aad u fiican.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; &quot;text-align:left;font-size:100%;&quot;|
|-
! style=&quot;background:#39e; color:white; height:17px; width:120px;&quot;| Wadanka
! ! style=&quot;background:#39e; color:white; width:140px;&quot;| Magaalada
|- style=&quot;color:black; background:white;&quot;
|! !| {{Flag|United Kingdom}}
|! !| [[File:Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom (St. Edward's Crown).svg|25px]] Henley-on-Thames
|}

==Sidoo Kale Fiiri==
*[[Adal]]
*[[Jaamacada Camuud]]
*[[Camuud]]
* [[Degmada Baki]]
* [[Degmada Boorama]]
* [[Degmada Saylac]]
* [[Degmada Lughaya]]
* [[Awdal]]
* [[Awdalland]]
* [[Saldanadii Cadal]]
==Xusuusin==
[https://www.horndiplomat.com/2023/10/12/sdf-funded-borama-water-supply-expansion-project-commissioned/ &quot;Mashruuci Biyo Balaadhinta Boorama Oo SDF Maalgelisay&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.horndiplomat.com/2023/10/12/sdf-funded-borama-water-supply-expansion-project-commissioned/ |date=20241203060427 }}

[https://web.archive.org/web/20150211231231/http://www.faoswalim.org/ftp/Land_Reports/Cleared/L-03%20Land%20Cover%20of%20Selected%20Study%20Areas%20in%20Somaliland%20and%20Southern%20Somalia.pdf &quot;Dadka Magaalada &amp; Magaalooyinka Soomaaliya&quot;]

[https://www.horndiplomat.com/2023/10/12/sdf-funded-borama-water-supply-expansion-project-commissioned/ &quot;Mashruuci Biyo Balaadhinta Boorama Oo SDF Maalgelisay&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.horndiplomat.com/2023/10/12/sdf-funded-borama-water-supply-expansion-project-commissioned/ |date=20241203060427 }}

[https://www.horndiplomat.com/2023/10/12/sdf-funded-borama-water-supply-expansion-project-commissioned/ &quot;Mashruuci Biyo Balaadhinta Boorama Oo SDF Maalgelisay&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.horndiplomat.com/2023/10/12/sdf-funded-borama-water-supply-expansion-project-commissioned/ |date=20241203060427 }}

[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353680975 &quot;Habka ka faa'iidaysiga daryeelka dhalmada ka hor iyo go'aaminta arrimaha haweenka da'da taranka ee Boorama, Somaliland&quot;]

[http://haatuf.net/Archive2003/Barwaqo.htm &quot;UJEEDOOYINKA MAGACYADA MAGAALOOYINKA SOOMAALIYEED*&quot;]

[https://www.scribd.com/document/442929206/Ilbaxnimadii-Adal-Iyo-Sooyaalkii-Soomaaliyeed &quot;Ilbaxnimadii Adal Iyo Sooyaalkii Soomaaliyeed: The Renaissance of Adal Somali history&quot;]

[https://www.scribd.com/document/442929206/Ilbaxnimadii-Adal-Iyo-Sooyaalkii-Soomaaliyeed &quot;Ilbaxnimadii Adal Iyo Sooyaalkii Soomaaliyeed: The Renaissance of Adal Somali history&quot;]

[https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1008&amp;context=bildhaan Boorame History and the Gadabuursi script]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20131005010751/http://www.faoswalim.org/ftp/Land_Reports/Cleared/L-12%20Land%20Resources%20of%20Somalia.pdf &quot;Qiimaynta Khayraadka Dhulka ee Soomaaliya&quot;]

[https://www.unhcr.org/sites/default/files/legacy-pdf/3d5d0f3a4.pdf Bulshada xoolo-dhaqatada ah iyo qaxoontiga caalamiga ah: Dhaqdhaqaaqa dadweynaha ee Somaliland iyo bariga Itoobiya 1988 - 2000]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=Pos3wAofV4UC&amp;pg=PA278 &quot;Cutubka 9aad: Burburkii Dawladnimo iyo Dib u soo noolaynta Xeer-dhaqameedkii Waqooyiga Soomaaliya&quot;]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=Pos3wAofV4UC&amp;pg=PA278 &quot;Cutubka 9aad: Burburkii Dawladnimo iyo Dib u soo noolaynta Xeer-dhaqameedkii Waqooyiga Soomaaliya&quot;]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=z4AAAwAAQBAJ&amp;q=gadabuursi+awdal&amp;pg=PA296 Dhaqanka Burbursan: Dhaqanka, Sharciga iyo Shakhsiga ku sugan Badda Mediterranean-ka ee Muslimka]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20260407105709/http://asia-abdulkadir.de/docs/RendersTerlinden2010.pdf Wadaxaajoodka Dawladnimo: Dhaqdhaqaaqa Awoodda iyo Xukunka Afrika]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=DZJPm2j2iz4C&amp;pg=PA132 Waa Maxay Aragtida Horumarineed ee Soomaaliya?: Cilmiga u dhexeeya Is-casilaadda iyo Rajada? Dacwaddii Shirweynihii 6aad ee SSIA, Berlin 6-9 Diseembar 1996]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20230303002340/https://www.unicef.org/somalia/SOM_resources_primschoolcensus20112.pdf &quot;2011/2 Buuga Sannadka Tirakoobka Tirakoobka Dugsiga Hoose&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20150403133013/http://www.somalilandinformer.com/minister-of-aviation-pledges-to-rejuvenate-borama-airport/ &quot;Wasiirka Duulista Oo Balan Qaaday In Dib U Habayn Lagu Samayn Doono Madaarka Boorama | SOMALILANDINFORMER&quot;]{{Reflist}}
==Tixraac==
{{Gobolada Somaliland}}
{{Degmooyinka Gobolka Awdal}}
[[Category:Tuulooyinka Somaliland]]
[[Category:Magaalooyinka Somaliland]]
[[Category:Somaliland]]
[[Category:Awdal]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Qaamuus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2281</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311985</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-08T02:07:39Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="4423" sha1="8hz2svo4iwmi7gd0jcevf5uuvfdz6ub" xml:space="preserve">:''Sidoo kale eeg: [[Insaykalobeedhiya]]''
[[File:English-English_and_English-Persian_dictionaries.JPG|thumb|Noocyo kala duwan oo Qaamuus ah.]]
[[File:Latin_dictionary.jpg|thumb|Qaamuus [[Af-Carabi]]]]
'''Qaamuus''' ({{lang-en|dictionary}}; {{lang-ar|قاموس}}) waa ereyo badan oo la soo ururiyay kuwaasi oo [[luuqad]] (ama af) ku turjumaya luuqad kale. Sida caadiga ah, qaamuusku wuxuu u habaysan yahay nidaamka [[alifbeet]]ka; taasi oo ka bilaabanta xarafka koowaad ee luuqadaasi.&lt;ref&gt;Webster's New World College Dictionary, Fourth Edition, 2002&lt;/ref&gt; 

Qorista iyo diyaarinta qaamuus waa shaqo aad u badan oo qaadata wakhti iyo maal; waxaana maanta dunida jira qaamuusyo badan oo isku fasira labo ama dhowr luuqadood. Tusaale ahaan, waxaa jira ''Qaamuuska Af Soomaaliga iy Ingiriiska'', iyo kuwo kale oo badan.&lt;ref&gt;Nielsen, Sandro; The Effect of Lexicographical Information Costs on Dictionary Making and Use, Lexikos 18, issn 1684-4904, 170–189&lt;/ref&gt;

==Sharaxaad==
Qaamuusku waa buug erayga ama luqadaha fasiro. Sidoo kale, waxoo kuu fasiraa ama kuu turjumaa, luqadaha kale.
badanaa qaamuusyaasha waxaa lagu tixay, alifbeetada, si oo u fududaado, radinta xarafka aa raadineesid.

== Sidoo kale fiiri bogagan ==
* [http://www.markacadey.net/dictionary-index.htm Qaamuus Soomaali-Ingriis-Soomaali] {{Wayback|url=http://www.markacadey.net/dictionary-index.htm |date=20100830095940 }}
* [http://www.masteranylanguage.com/cgi/f/pCat.pl?tc=MALSomali&amp;vm=fc&amp;la=sw Qaamuus Soomaali] {{Wayback|url=http://www.masteranylanguage.com/cgi/f/pCat.pl?tc=MALSomali&amp;vm=fc&amp;la=sw |date=20111009090941 }}
* [http://www.dictionaric.com/dicosomali/dicosomali.php Soomaali - Français - Soomaali]
* [http://www.masteranylanguage.com/cgi/f/pCat.pl?tc=MALSomali&amp;vm=fc&amp;la=sw Qaamuus Soomaali - Français] {{Wayback|url=http://www.masteranylanguage.com/cgi/f/pCat.pl?tc=MALSomali&amp;vm=fc&amp;la=sw |date=20111009090941 }}
* [http://www.buske.de/product_info.php?cPath=1_153&amp;products_id=2157&amp;osCsid=v5epgkn1nf7bgr9fsm66a3aibe6ske87 Mohammed Ali Farah / Dietmar Heck Somali Wörterbuch Deutsch-Somali / Somali-Englisch-Deutsch '''Qaamus Jarmal-Soomaali Qaamus Soomaali-Ingiriis-Jarmal Mohammed Ali Farrah; Dietmar Heck''' © ''Helmut Buske Hamburg 1990/2009 (1990:'' ISBN 3-87118-939-1 ''2009:'' ISBN 978-3-87548-055-9. (www.buske.de)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.buske.de/product_info.php?cPath=1_153&amp;products_id=2157&amp;osCsid=v5epgkn1nf7bgr9fsm66a3aibe6ske87 |date=20110812034711 }}
* [http://www.redsea-online.com/modules.php?name=dictionary soomali - Ingiriis - talyaani] {{Wayback|url=http://www.redsea-online.com/modules.php?name=dictionary |date=20100809235522 }}
* [http://www.esperanto-afriko.org/Vortaro%20esp-somala.pdf qaamuus Af-esperanto - Af-soomali] {{Wayback|url=http://www.esperanto-afriko.org/Vortaro%20esp-somala.pdf |date=20120419195944 }}
* [http://www.reta-vortaro.de ttt - www - Qaamuus/''vortaro'' : www. reta-vortaro.de - 61 af] 
* [http://eo.lernu.net/kursoj/babili/1/alfabetoa.php a, b, c, lernu.net ''(“Pri la Fundamento“) sawir/qaamuus &quot;bildvortaro&quot;, vortaro (30 af /(lingvoj))''] {{Wayback|url=http://eo.lernu.net/kursoj/babili/1/alfabetoa.php |date=20100703052343 }}
* [http://eo.lernu.net/lernado/vortoj/bildvortaro/8.php qaamuus - sawir / qaamuus ''bildvortaro''] {{Wayback|url=http://eo.lernu.net/lernado/vortoj/bildvortaro/8.php |date=20120128111830 }}
* [http://www.reocities.com/lilandr/lingvoj/somala/eo-so01.html Liland Brajant ROS Liland Brajant ROS’ - Qaamuuska Af-Soomaali- Af-Esiperaanto] {{Wayback|url=http://www.reocities.com/lilandr/lingvoj/somala/eo-so01.html |date=20131006213342 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110819212754/http://www.buske.de/product_info.php?cPath=1_113&amp;products_id=2283&amp;osCsid=2c4mu7ujmvq6a1s29brgn4djcu2rbmto Qaamuus]: Krause Esperanto- Deutsch (Jarmal), © Helmut Buske Hamburg 1999 ISBN 3-87548-193-3 www.buske.de
* [http://www.buske.de/product_info.php?cPath=1_113&amp;products_id=2785&amp;osCsid=psbk841q86qi1lft4lp8lmqmvjam5on1 '''Qaamuus'''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.buske.de/product_info.php?cPath=1_113&amp;products_id=2785&amp;osCsid=psbk841q86qi1lft4lp8lmqmvjam5on1 |date=20110819212739 }},''Krause Deutsch'' (Jarmal)-''Esperanto'' © Helmut Buske Hamburg 2007 ISBN 978-3-87548-466-3 www.buske.de
* [https://www.jw.org/en/online-help/jw-language/ Soomaali iyo 36 luqadood oo kale, arjiga bilaashka ah]

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
{{gumud}}
[[Category:Qaamuus| ]]
[[Category:Luuqad]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Islaam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>311900</id>
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      <text bytes="288970" sha1="9bkfj8oz01dg8doyr8sn2fykowbmtxj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox religion
| native_name        = {{lang|ar|{{Script|Arab|الإسلام}}}}&lt;br/&gt;{{transliteration|ar|al-Islām}}
| image              = The Kaaba during Hajj - edited.jpg
| caption            = [[Kacbada]] ee ku taal [[Masjidka Xaramka]] ee [[Makka]], [[Sacuudi Carabiya]], oo ah [[Holiest sites in islam|goobta Islaamka ee ugu barakeysan]]
| type               = 
| main_classification = [[Abrahamic religions|Ibraahimi ah]]
| scripture          = {{Plainlist|
* [[Quraan]]
* Sunnada: [[Xadiis]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The saheeh Sunnah is wahy (Revelation) from Allah |url=https://islamqa.info/en/answers/77243/the-saheeh-sunnah-is-wahy-(revelation)-from-allah |website=islamqa.info |access-date=15 June 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Tafsiirka: [[Tafsiir]]&lt;ref&gt;Mir, Mustansir. (1995). &quot;Tafsīr&quot;. In John L. Esposito. The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
| theology           = [[Tawhid|Hal ilaah aaminsan]]
| area               = [[Islam by country|Adduunka oo dhan]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Global Islam&quot;&gt;{{cite report|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2011/01/FutureGlobalMuslimPopulation-WebPDF-Feb10.pdf|title=The Future of the Global Muslim Population|publisher=Pew Research Center|date=27 January 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| language           = [[Classical Arabic|Carabiga Quraanka]]
| territory          = [[Dunida Islaamka]]
| founder            = [[Nabi Maxamed al-Quraishi|Maxamed]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Welch |first1=Alford T. |last2=Moussalli |first2=Ahmad S. |last3=Newby |first3=Gordon D. |date=2009 |entry=Muḥammad |encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World |editor-first=John L. |editor-last=Esposito |publisher=Oxford University Press |entry-url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0550 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211050118/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0550 |archive-date=11 February 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| founded_date       = {{circa|610 C.D.}}
| founded_place      = [[Jabal al-Nour]]&lt;!-- Beginnings are understood to be where Muhammad is said to have received his first ever revelation, which was inside a cave in this mountain --&gt;
| number_of_followers = {{est.}} 2 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;pew2010–2020&quot; /&gt; {{increase}} (oo si gaar ah loogu yeero [[Muslimiin]], halka si wadajir ah loogu yeero {{transliteration|ar|[[Ummah]]}})
| separations        = {{Plainlist|
* [[Ali-Illahism]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-SQe_sNtIaMC&amp;q=ali%2520illahism&amp;pg=PA216|title=Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon: With Travels in Armenia, Kurdistan and the Desert: Being the Result of a Second Expedition Undertaken for the Trustees of the British Museum|last=Layard|first=Austen Henry|date=2010-08-31|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781108016773|page=216|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Druze faith]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=The Oxford Handbook of American Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780199862634_s2g7 |first=Yvonne |last=Yazbeck Haddad |year=2014 |isbn=9780199862634 |page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780199862634_s2g7/page/142 142]|publisher=Oxford University Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Baháʼí Faith]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Van der Vyer |first=J. D. |year=1996 |title=Religious human rights in global perspective: religious perspectives |publisher=Martinus Nijhoff |isbn=90-411-0176-4 |page=449 |url=https://archive.org/details/religioushumanri0000unse |url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
}}
{{Sidebar with collapsible lists
| name = religion sidebar
| pretitle = Qayb ka mid ah taxane ku saabsan
| pretitlestyle = padding-top:0.8em;
| titlestyle = padding-bottom:0.5em;
| title = [[Diin]]
| listtitlestyle = background:transparent; text-align:center; font-size:100%;
| centered list titles = yes
| image = [[File:Icon-religion.svg|200px|class=skin-invert]]
| imagestyle = padding-bottom:1em;
| listclass = hlist
| liststyle = padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em; padding-bottom:0.25em; font-size: 11px;
| expanded = {{{expanded|{{{1|}}}}}}
|}

| abovestyle = padding:0.5em 2em 0.5em; display:block; background-color: #efefef;
| above = {{startflatlist}}
* [[Outline of religion|Dulucda]]
* [[Index of religion-related articles|Liisaska]]
* [[:Category:Religion|Qeybta]]
* [[:Category:Indexes of religion topics|Tusaha]]
* [[History of religion|Taariikhda diinta]]
* [[Portal:Religion|Bogga]]
{{endflatlist}}

| list1name = religions
| list1title = Diimaha
| list1titlestyle = padding-top:0.5em;
| list1 = 
{{Sidebar |child |bodystyle={{subsidebar bodystyle}} |navbar=off
  | heading1 = [[Abrahamic religions|Diimaha Ibraahimiyeed]]
  | content1style = padding-top:0.2em;
  | content1 = 
* [[Judaism|Yuudaanismka]]
* [[Christianity|Masiixiyadda]]
* [[Islam|Islaamka]]
* [[Alawism|Calawiisimka]]
* [[Alevism|Alewiisimka]]
* [[Azalism|Azaliisimka]]/[[Bábism|Baabiisimka]]
* [[Baháʼí Faith|Diinta Bahaa'iga]]
* [[Druze Faith|Diinta Duruusta]]
* [[Mormonism|Mormooniyadda]]
* [[Mandaeism|Mandeiisimka]]
* [[Manichaeism|Maniikiisimka]]
* [[Rastafari|Rastafariyiinta]]
* [[Samaritanism|Samaritaniisimka]]
  | heading2 = [[Iranian religions|Diimaha Iiraaniga]]
  | content2style = padding-top:0.2em;
  | content2 = 
* [[Yazidism|Yasiidiisimka]]
* [[Yarsanism|Yarsaniisimka]]
* [[Zoroastrianism|Soroostiriyanka]]
  | heading3 = [[Indian religions|Diimaha Hindiya]]
  | content3style = padding-top:0.2em;
  | content3 = 
* [[Hinduism|Hinduugga]]
* [[Buddhism|Buudhisimka]]
* [[Jainism|Jeyniisimka]]
* [[Sikhism| Sikhiisimka]]
* [[Bon|Yungdrung Bon]]
  | heading4 = [[East Asian religions|Diimaha Bariga Aasiya]]
  | content4style = padding-top:0em;
  | content4 = 
* [[Taoism|Taowaysimka]]
* [[Confucianism|Konfushiyanishka]]
* [[Shinto|Shinto]]
* [[Tian|Tian]]
* [[Shangdi|Shangdi]]
* [[Hongjun Laozu|Hongjun Laozu]]
}}


| list2name = schools
| list2title = Dugsiyada Fikirka
| list2titlestyle = border-top:1px solid #A2A9B1; padding-top:0.5em;
| list2 =
* [[Acosmism|Aakosmisimka]]
* [[Agnosticism|Agnostisismka]]
* [[Animism|Animisimka]]
* [[Antireligion|Diin-diidka]]
* [[Apatheism|Apatheisimka]]
* [[Atheism|Aqoonsi la'aanta Ilaah / Ateyismka]]
* [[Creationism|Abuuristaaniyadda]]
* [[Dharma|Dharmismka]]
* [[Deism|Deiisimka]]
* [[Divine command theory|Aragt Dardaaran Ilaahay]]
* [[Dualism in cosmology|Labo-jirnimada]]
* [[Western esotericism|Sir-doonka Reer Galbeedka]]
* [[Elite religion|Diinta dadka sare]]
* [[Exclusivism|Gaar-yeelidda]]
* [[Existentialism|Jiritaaniyadda]]
** [[Atheistic existentialism|ateyste]]
** [[Christian existentialism|masiixi]]
* [[Feminist theology|Falsafada dumarka]]
* [[Fideism|Caqiido-ku-tiirsiga]]
* [[Folk religion|Diinta dadweynaha]]
* [[Fundamentalism|Aasaas-ku-dhagidda]]
* [[Gnosticism|Gnostisismka]]
* [[Henotheism|Henotheiisimka]]
* [[Hermeticism|Hermetiisimka]]
* [[Humanism|Aadmiga-jecleyska]]
** [[Christian humanism|masiixi]]
** [[Religious humanism|diimeed]]
** [[Secular humanism|cilmiyeed]]
* [[Ietsism|Ietsismka]]
* [[Theological noncognitivism|Ignostisismka]]
* [[Inclusivism|Wadajir-yeelidda]]
* [[Kathenotheism|Kathenotheiisimka]]
* [[Lived religion|Diinta la nool yahay]]
* [[Monism|Kow-jirnimada]]
* [[Monotheism|Kkudnimada Alle]]
* [[Mysticism|Suufiyadda / Sir-raadinta]]
* [[Naturalism (philosophy)|Dabiiciyadda]]
** [[Humanistic naturalism|aadmiga]]
** [[Metaphysical naturalism|milyawiga]]
** [[Religious naturalism|diimeed]]
* [[New Age|Cаманkii Cusub]]
* [[Nonduality (spirituality)|Laba-mid-la'aanta]]
* [[Nontheism|Ilaah-la'aanta]]
* [[Omnism|Omnisimka]]
* [[Pandeism|Pandeiisimka]]
* [[Panentheism|Panenteiisimka]]
* [[Pantheism|Panteiisimka]]
* [[Perennial philosophy|Falsafadda weligeed ah]]
* [[Polytheism|Shirkiga / Ilaahyo badan]]
* [[Process theology|Falsafadda socodka]]
* [[Shendao shejiao|Shendao shejiao]]
* [[Spiritualism (beliefs)|Rux-raadinta]]
* [[Shamanism|Shaamanismka]]
* [[East Asian religions|Taowayga]]
* [[Theism|Ilaah-rumaynta]]
* [[Transcendentalism|Sare-u-kacaaniyadda]]
* [[Transtheism|Transtheiisimka]]
* [[Unitarianism|Mowqifka kow-jirka]]

| list3name = concepts
| list3title = Fikradaha
| list3titlestyle = border-top:1px solid #A2A9B1; padding-top:0.5em;
| list3 =
* [[Afterlife|Aakhiro]]
* [[Anthropopathism|Sifaadka bini'aadmiga ee Ilaah]]
* [[Apophatic theology|Apophatismka]]
* [[Aseity|Iskii-jitaanshaha]]
* [[Religious belief|Aaminsanaanta Diinta]]
* [[Brahman|Brahman]]
* [[Cataphatic theology|Cataphatismka]]
* [[Cult|Kooxda diimeed]]
* [[Demiurge|Demiurge]]
* [[Divine simplicity|Fududeynta Ilaahay]]
* [[Eschatology|Qiyaamaha iyo Aakhiro]]
* [[Enlightenment in Buddhism|Iftiintinka]]
* [[Eternity#God and eternity|Weligiis-jitaanshaha]]
* [[Euthyphro dilemma|Muran-weydiintii Euthyphro]]
* [[Existence of God|Jiritaanka Ilaahay]]
* [[Faith|Iimaan]]
* [[Form of the Good|Qaabka Wanaagga]]
* [[Gender of God|Jinsiga Ilaahay]]
* [[Gnosis|Gnosis]]
* [[Holy Spirit|Ruuxa Quduuska ah]]
* [[Intelligent design|Naqshadda caqli-gal ah]]
* [[Moksha|Xorreynta]]
* [[Misotheism|Ilaah-nacaybka]]
* [[Miracle|Mucjiso]]
* [[Names of God|Magacyada Ilaahay]]
* [[New religious movement|Dhaqdhaqaaqa diimeed ee cusub]]
* [[Omnibenevolence|Naxariista-buuxda]]
* [[Omnipotence|Awoodda-oo-dhan]]
* [[Omnipresence|Meel-kasta-joogidda]]
* [[Omniscience|Cilmiga-oo-dhan]]
* [[Pandeism|Pandeistiga]]
* [[Personal god|Ilaah shakhsi ah]]
* [[Prayer|Dugsi / Baryo]]
* [[Problem of evil|Dhibaatada xumaanta]]
* [[Process theology|Falsafadda socodka]]
* [[Belief#Religion|Aaminsanaanta diimeed]]
* [[Problem of religious language|Luqadda diinta]]
* [[Reincarnation|Soo-noqoshada nolosha (Reincarnation)]]
* [[Faith|Iimaanka diimeed]]
* [[Revelation|Waxyi]]
* [[Religious text|Qoraallada diinta]]
* [[Soul|Nafta]]
* [[Summum bonum|Wanaagga ugu sarreeya]]
* [[Tawhid|Kkudnimada Alle]]
* [[Theological veto|Diidmada diinta]]
* [[Transcendence (religion)|Sare-u-baxa diimeed]]
* [[Trinity|Saddex-midnimada]]
* [[Creator deity|Ugu sarreeyaha / Abuuraha]]
* [[Unmoved mover|Dhaqaajiye aan la dhaqaajin]]
* [[Vitalism|Ruuxda nolosha]]
* [[Worship|Caabudaad]]

| list4name = figures
| list4title = Hoggaamiyeyaasha Aasaasaya
| list4titlestyle = border-top:1px solid #A2A9B1; padding-top:0.5em;
| list4=
*[[Ciise]] ([[Christianity|Masiixiyadda]])
*[[Maxamed]] ([[Islam|Islaamka]])
*[[Ibraahim]] ([[Judaism|Yuudaanismka]])
*[[Siddhartha Gautama]] ([[Buddhism|Buudhisimka]])
*[[Guru Nanak]] ([[Sikhism|Sikhiisimka]])
*[[Mahavira]] ([[Jainism|Jeyniisimka]])
*[[Zoroaster]] ([[Zoroastrianism|Soroostiriyanka]])
*[[Hamza ibn Ali]] ([[Druze|Duruusta]])
*[[Laozi]] ([[Taoism|Taowayga]])
*[[Confucius]] ([[Confucianism|Konfushiyanishka]])
* [[Baháʼu'lláh]] ([[Baháʼí Faith|Diinta Bahaa'iga]])

| belowclass = plainlist
| belowstyle = text-align:center;font-weight:normal; padding:1em 1em 1em;
| below = 
Kani waa [[:Category:Philosophy and thinking sidebar templates|farac]] ka mid ah [[philosophy|falsafadda]]. Si aad u baarto mowduucyada la xiriira, fadlan booqo [[:Category:Religion_and_belief_navigational_boxes|hage-tusaha]].

}}
'''Islaamku'''{{efn|{{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɪ|z|l|ɑː|m|,_|ˈ|ɪ|z|l|æ|m}} {{respell|IZ|la(h)m}};&lt;ref&gt;{{cite Cambridge Dictionaries |Islam}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{langx|ar|{{Script|Arab|الإسلام|al-Islām}}|al-Islām}}, {{IPA|ar|alʔisˈlaːm|IPA}}, {{lit|hordhaca [ee la xiriira [[ogaanshaha doonista Ilaahay]]]}}}} waa diin [[Abrahamic|Ibraahimi ah]] oo ku saleysan [[Quraan|Quraanka]] iyo [[Sunnah|barashada]] [[Nabi Maxamed al-Quraishi|Nabi Maxamed]]. Diintan [[monotheistic|kelinimada Alle]] waxay leedahay qiyaastii [[Islam by country|2 bilyan oo raacsan adduunka oo dhan]], oo lagu magacaabo [[Muslims|Muslimiin]]. Islaamku waa [[Major religious groups|diinta labaad ee ugu weyn adduunka]], marka laga reebo [[Christianity|Masiixiyadda]]. Muslimiintu waxay rumeysan yihiin inay jirto [[Fitra|iimaan asal ah]] oo la soo waxyooday marar badan iyadoo la sii marinayo [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|rusul iyo nabiyo hore]], oo ay ku jiraan [[Adam in Islam|Aadam]], [[Noah in Islam|Nux]], [[Abraham in Islam|Ibraahim]], [[Moses in Islam|Muuse]], iyo [[Jesus in Islam|Ciise]], waxayna rumeysan yihiin in Islaamku yahay nooca caalamiga ah ee dhameystiran ee [[faith|iimaankan]]. 

Muslimiintu waxay u arkaan Quraanka inuu yahay hadalka dhabta ah ee [[God in Islam|Ilaahay]] iyo waxyigii ugu dambeeyay ee aan wax laga beddelin. Dhinaca Quraanka, Muslimiintu waxay sidoo kale rumeysan yihiin [[Islamic holy books|kutubtii hore ee la soo waxyooday]], sida [[Torah in Islam|''Towraad'']] ([[Torah]]), ''[[Psalms in Islam|Sabuur]]'' ([[Psalms]]), iyo [[Gospel in Islam|''Injiil'']] ([[Gospel]]). Waxay rumeysan yihiin in [[Muhammad in Islam|Maxamed]] yahay [[Seal of the Prophets|nabiga ugu weyn uguna dambeeya]] ee [[God|Ilaahay]], kaasoo diinta la soo dhameystiray, oo aan ka dib imanayn nabigii cusub ama sharcigii samada ahayn. Barashada iyo tusaalooyinka caadiga ah ee Maxamed, oo loogu yeero [[Sunnah]], oo lagu diiwaangeliyay xaqiiqooyin loogu yeero [[Hadith|Xadiis]], ayaa bixiya tusaale dastuuri ah oo loogu talagalay Muslimiinta. Islaamku wuxuu ku saleysan yahay rumaysashada kow-nimada iyo kelinimada Ilaahay ({{Transliteration|ar|[[tawhid]]}}), iyo rumaysashada [[afterlife|aakhiro]] ({{Transliteration|ar|[[akhirah]]}}) oo ay ku jirto [[Judgement Day in Islam|Maalinta Qiyaame]]—halkaas oo kuwa suubban lagu abaalmarin doono jannada ({{Transliteration|ar|[[jannah]]}}) kuwa xunneydna lagu ciqaabi doono naarta ({{Transliteration|ar|[[jahannam]]}}). [[Five Pillars of Islam|Shanta Arkaan ee Islaamka]], oo loo arko inay yihiin cibaadooyin [[Fard|waajib ah]], waa shahaadada diinta ({{Transliteration|ar|[[shahada]]}}), salaadaha maalinlaha ah ({{Transliteration|ar|[[salah]]}}), sakada ({{Transliteration|ar|[[zakat]]}}), soonka bisha [[Ramadan]] ({{Transliteration|ar|[[sawm]]}}), iyo [[pilgrimage|xajka]] loo aado [[Mecca|Makka]] ({{Transliteration|ar|[[hajj]]}}). Sharciga Islaamka ({{Transliteration|ar|[[sharia]]}}), wuxuu taabanayaa ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan dhinacyada nolosha, laga bilaabo [[Islamic banking and finance|bangiyada iyo maaliyadda]] iyo [[Zakat|gar-gaarka]] ilaa [[Gender roles in Islam|doorka ragga]] iyo [[Women in Islam|doorka dumarka]] iyo [[Islamic ethics#Environmentalism|deegaanka]]. Labada [[Islamic holidays|ciida diimeed]] ee ugu waaweyn waa Ciidul Fitri iyo Ciidul Adxa. Saddexda [[holiest sites in Islam|goobood ee ugu barakeysan]] waa [[Masjid al-Haram|Masjidka Xaramka]] ee [[Mecca|Makka]], [[Prophet's Mosque|Masjidka Nabiga]] ee [[Medina|Madiina]], iyo [[Al-Aqsa|Dhismaha Masjidka Al-Aqsa]] ee [[Jerusalem|Quddus]].

Islaamku wuxuu ka soo aasaasay Makka qiyaastii 610 C.D. Muslimiintu waxay rumeysan yihiin in tani ay tahay xilligii [[Muhammad's first revelation|Maxamed uu helay waxyigiisii ugu horreeyay]]. Waqtigii uu geeriyooday, inta badan [[Arabian Peninsula|Jaziiradda Carabta]] way [[Conversion to Islam|isu rogtay Islaamka]]. Islaamku wuxuu si dhakhso ah ugu fiday wixii ka dambeeyay Carabta iyadoo hoos imaneysa [[Rashidun Caliphate|Khulaafadii Raashidiyiinta]] iyo [[Umayyad Caliphate|Khulaafadii Umawiyiinta]]. Labada [[Islamic schools and branches|laamood ee ugu waaweyn Islaamka]] waa [[Sunni Islam|Sunniyada]] (87–90%) iyo [[Shia Islam|Shiicada]] (10–13%).{{sfnp|Pew Forum for Religion &amp; Public Life|2009|p=1|ps=. &quot;Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims.&quot;}} Muslimiinta Sunniga iyo Shiicada ah ayaa wada noqda ku dhawaad ​​guud ahaan dadweynaha Muslimka ah ee adduunka, iyadoo qiyaasuhu ka bilaabmaan qiyaastii 1.7–1.8 bilyan oo Sunni ah ilaa 285–300 milyan oo Shiico ah adduunka oo dhan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2009-10-07|title=Mapping the Global Muslim Population|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/|access-date=2026-09-01|website=Pew Research Center|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=World Shia Muslim Population – Islamic Research and Information Center (IRIC)|url=https://iric.org/world-shia-muslim-population/|access-date=2026-09-01|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Project on Shi’ism and Global Affairs|url=https://shiism.hds.harvard.edu/|url-status=dead|website=Harvard University|access-date=2026-09-06|archive-date=2026-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260829082314/https://shiism.hds.harvard.edu/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Inkasta oo [[Shia–Sunni relations|khilaafka Shiicada iyo Sunniga]] uu asal ahaan ka soo bilowday is-afgaranwaa ku saabsan [[succession to Muhammad|dhaxalkii Maxamed]], waxay kor u qaadeen cabbir ballaaran, labada [[Schools of Islamic theology|dhinaca caqiidada]] iyo [[Fiqh|fiqhigaa]]. Ururinta xadiiska suuban ee Sunniga waxay ka kooban tahay [[Kutub al-Sittah|Lixda Kitaab]], halka ururinta xadiiska Shiicada ay ka kooban tahay [[The Four Books|Afrta Kitaab]]. Muslimiintu waxay ka yihiin inta badan dadweynaha 53 dal.&lt;ref name=&quot;pew2010–2020&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=June 9, 2025 |title=How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020. Muslims grew fastest; Christians lagged behind global population increase |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2025/06/09/how-the-global-religious-landscape-changed-from-2010-to-2020/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]}}

*{{cite web |author1=Conrad Hackett |author2=Marcin Stonawski |author3=Yunping Tong |author4=Stephanie Kramer |author5=Anne Shi |author6=Dalia Fahmy |date=2025-06-09 |title=How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020 |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2025/06/PR_2025.06.09_global-religious-change_report.pdf |access-date=2025-06-10 |publisher=Pew Research Center}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qiyaastii 12% Muslimiinta adduunka waxay ku nool yihiin [[Islam in Indonesia|Indoonisiya]], oo ah dalka ugu dadka badan ee Muslimiinta ah; {{#expr: 100 * 480/1570 round 0}}% waxay ku nool yihiin [[Islam in South Asia|Kooniyada Aasiya]]; 20% waxay ku nool yihiin [[MENA#Religion|Bariga Dhexe iyo Waqooyiga Afrika]]; iyo 15% waxay ku nool yihiin [[Religion in Sub-Saharan Africa|Afrika ka hooseysa Saharada]]. Muslimiinta sidoo kale waxaa laga helaa [[Islam in the Americas|Ameerikaanka]], [[Islam in China|Shiinaha]], iyo [[Islam in Europe|Yurub]]. Muslimiintu waa [[Muslim population growth|kooxda diimeed ee ugu koraysa adduunka]], taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay [[fertility rate| heerka dhalmada oo sarreeya]] iyo qaab-dhismeedka da'da yar marka loo eego diimaha diimaha kale ee waaweyn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lipka |first=Michael |last2=Hackett |first2=Conrad |date=2017-04-06 |title=Why Muslims are the world’s fastest-growing religious group |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2017/04/06/why-muslims-are-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religious-group/ |access-date=2026-09-01 |website=Pew Research Center |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Islaamka waxaa la saadaalinayaa inuu noqdo diinta ugu weyn adduunka dhammaadka qarniga 21-aad, isagoo ka sarre marinaya Masiixiyadda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last1=Lipka |first1=Michael |last2=Hackett |first2=Conrad |date=April 6, 2017 |title=Why Muslims are the world's fastest-growing religious group |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/04/06/why-muslims-are-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religious-group/ |access-date=2022-11-21 |website=Pew Research Center |language=en-US |archive-date=14 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514123559/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/04/06/why-muslims-are-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religious-group/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;pew2015&quot;&gt;{{cite report |author=[[Pew Forum|The Pew Forum on Religion &amp; Public Life]] |title=The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010–2050 |url=https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211090450/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf |archive-date=2020-12-11 |date=2015-04-02 |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |location=Washington, D.C. |access-date=2026-03-20 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!--Ha ku darin xigashooyin hogaanka, marka laga reebo walxaha u badan tahay in la caqabado, sida ku cad [[MOS:LEADCITE]] ([[Wikipedia:Buugga Qaab dhismeedka/Qaybta Hoggaanka#Tixraacyada)]]. U wareeji xigashooyin aan loo baahnayn jirka.--&gt;

== Asalka ereyga{{anchor|Etymology}}&lt;!-- Linked from many articles. If changing the section title, please let this anchor remain unchanged  --&gt;==
{{See also|Muslims#Etymology}}
Luqadda Carabiga, ''Islaam'' ({{langx|ar|إسلام|lit=hordhaca [ee la xiriira Ilaahay]}})&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Definition of Islam {{!}} Dictionary.com |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam |access-date=2022-05-09 |website=www.dictionary.com |language=en |archive-date=9 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509110220/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Haywood |first=John |title=Historical Atlas of the Medieval World (AD 600 - 1492) |publisher=Barnes &amp; Noble, Inc. |year=2002 |isbn=0-7607-1975-6 |edition=1st |location=Spain |pages=3.13 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; waa magaca fal-galeedka [[wikt:أسلم#Arabic|Foomka IV]] ee ka soo jeeda falka {{lang|ar|سلم}} ({{transliteration|ar|salama}}), ka soo jeeda [[Semitic root|xididka saddex-xarafle ah]] {{lang|ar|س-ل-م}} ({{transliteration|ar|[[Š-L-M|S-L-M]]}}), kaas oo sameeya fasal weyn oo erayo ah oo badankood la xiriira fikradaha dhiibin-hoosaadka, badbaadada, iyo nabadgelyada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lane-Lexicon-4&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Lane |first=Edward William |author-link=Edward William Lane |title=An Arabic-English Lexicon |volume=4 |chapter=Siin |url=http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907230044/http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm |archive-date=2011-09-07 |via=[[The Study Quran|StudyQuran]] |access-date=2026-03-20 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Macnaha diimeed, waxay tilmaamaysaa u dhiibashada buuxda ee doonista [[God|Ilaahay]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Lewis |first1=Barnard |last2=Churchill |first2=Buntzie Ellis |url=https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi |title=Islam: The Religion and The People |publisher=Wharton School Publishing |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-13-223085-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi/page/8 8]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ereyga ''[[Muslims|Muslim]]'' ({{lang|ar|مُسْلِم}}), oo ah erayga loogu talagalay qofka raaca Islaamka,&lt;ref name=&quot;Lexico-Muslim&quot;&gt;{{cite dictionary |title=Muslim |url=https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913192608/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim |archive-date=2019-09-13 |dictionary=[[Lexico]] |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |date=2020 |access-date=2026-03-20 |language=en-GB }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim |date=20190913192608 }}&lt;/ref&gt; waa [[Participle|falka firfircoon]] ee isla nooca falka, oo macneheedu yahay &quot;dhiibtiye (Ilaahay)&quot; ama &quot;qof u hoggaansamaya (Ilaahay)&quot;. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, khabiirka [[Quranic studies|barashada Quraanka]] [[Mohsen Goudarzi]] wuxuu ku dooday in Quraanka ereyga ''[[dīn]]'' uu ka dhigan yahay &quot;[[worship|cibaado]]&quot;, ''islām'' uu ka dhigan yahay &quot;[[monotheism|kelinimada]]&quot; iyo ''muslim'' uu ka dhigan yahay &quot;muwaahid / qof kelinimada Alle rumeeyay&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Goudarzi |first=Mohsen |date=2023-08-01 |title=Worship (dīn), Monotheism (islām), and the Qurʾān's Cultic Decalogue |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jiqsa-2023-0006/html |journal=Journal of the International Qur'anic Studies Association |language=en |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=30–71 |doi=10.1515/jiqsa-2023-0006 |issn=2474-8420|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Gudaha [[Hadith of Gabriel|Xadiiska Jibriil]], ''Islaam'' waxaa lagu soo bandhigay inuu yahay hal qayb oo ka mid ah saddaxleey oo ay ku jirto {{transliteration|ar|[[Iman (Islam)|imān]]}} (iimaan), iyo {{transliteration|ar|[[Ihsan|ihsān]]}} (fududeyn / ixsaan).{{sfnp|Esposito|2000|pp=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofi00john/page/76 76–77]}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Mahmutćehajić |first=Rusmir |url=https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm |title=The mosque: the heart of submission |publisher=[[Fordham University Press]] |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-8232-2584-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm/page/n104 84] |url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt; Islaamka laftiisa ayaa taariikh ahaan loogu yeeri jiray [[Mohammedan|''Mohammedanism'' (Maxamediyad)]] gudaha [[English-speaking world|dunida Ingiriiska ku hadasha]]. Eraygan wuxuu ka baxay isticmaalka waxaana mararka qaarkood la sheegaa inuu yahay [[Religious offence|dhaawac diimeed]], maadaama uu tilmaamayo in bini'aadam, halkii uu ka noqon lahaa Ilaahay, uu yahay kan udub-dhexaadka u ah diinta Muslimiinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| last = Gibb| first = Sir Hamilton| title = Mohammedanism: an historical survey|isbn=9780195002454| year = 1969| page=1 | quote=Modern Muslims dislike the terms Mohammedan and Mohammedanism, which seem to them to carry the implication of worship of Mohammed, as Christian and Christianity imply the worship of Christ.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tiirarka iimaanka ==
{{Main|Aqidah|Iman (Islam)|l2 = Iman}}

[[caqiidada]] Islaamku (''[[aqidah]]'') waxay u baahan tahay rumaysashada lix tiir: Ilaahay, malaa'igta, waxyiga, nabiyada, [[Day of Resurrection|Maalinta Qiyaamaha]], iyo qadarinta masiirka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Sourcebook of the World's Religions: An Interfaith Guide to Religion and Spirituality|publisher=New World Library|pages=68–9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dbSPOoQfu0IC&amp;pg=PA68|editor-first=Joel|editor-last=Beversluis|year=2011|isbn=9781577313328|access-date=15 January 2023|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228022948/https://books.google.com/books?id=dbSPOoQfu0IC&amp;pg=PA68#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ilaahay ===
[[File:Istanbul,_Hagia_Sophia,_Allah.jpg|thumb|[[calligraphy|Qoraal gacmeedka]] qarnigii 19-aad oo muujinaya magaca [[Allah|Alle]] ee ku yaal [[Hagia Sophia]], [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]].]]
{{Main|God in Islam}}

Fikradda udub-dhexaadka u ah Islaamka waa ''[[Tawhid|tawḥīd]]'' ({{langx|ar|توحيد|link=no}}), oo ah kelinimada Ilaahay. Badanaa waxaa loo arkaa inay tahay ''monotheism sax ah'', laakiin sidoo kale waa [[panentheism|panentheistic]] ku dhex leh barashada suufiga Islaamka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/tawhid |title=Tawhid |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=17 September 2021 |url-access=subscription |archive-date=7 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107041300/https://www.britannica.com/topic/tawhid |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc |last=Gimaret|first=D.|year=2012|c=Tawḥīd |in=Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.)}} {{doi|10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_7454}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ilaahay waxaa loo arkaa mid aan la barbar dhigi karin oo aan lahayn tiro dad ah sida ku jirta [[Christian Trinity|Saddex-midnimada Masiixiga]], oo tiro u nisbeynta Ilaahay ama sifooyinka Ilaahay oo loo nisbeeyo dad kale waxaa loo arkaa shirk, oo lagu magacaabo [[Shirk (Islam)|''shirk'']]. Sidaas darteed, Muslimiintu ma aha [[iconodule]]s mana u nisbeeyaan qaabab Ilaahay. Ilaahay halkaas waxaa lagu sifeeyaa oo loogu yeeraa dhowr [[Names of God in Islam|magac ama sifooyin]], kan ugu caansan waa ''Ar-Rahmān'' ({{lang|ar|الرحمان}}) oo macneheedu yahay &quot;Naxariis-guud&quot;, iyo ''Ar-Rahīm'' ({{lang|ar|الرحيم}}) oo macneheedu yahay &quot;Naxariis-gaar ah&quot; kuwaas oo laga baryo bilowga inta badan Suuradaha Quraanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Ali |first1=Kecia |title=Islam : the key concepts |url=https://archive.org/details/islamkeyconcepts0000alik |date=2008 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |last2=Leaman |first2=Oliver |isbn=978-0-415-39638-7 |location=London |oclc=123136939}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfnp|Campo|2009|p=34|loc=&quot;Allah&quot;}} Magaca tooska ah ee Carabiga ee Ilaahay, ''[[Allāh]]'' (الله), oo ah eray aan lahayn [[plural|wadar]] ama [[gender|jinsi]], ayaa sidoo kale si caadi ah loogu isticmaalaa luqadaha kale ee Muslimiinta iyo Masiixiyiinta iyo Yuhuuda Carabiga ku hadla si ay ugu tixraacaan Ilaahay, halka ''{{transliteration|ar|ISO|[[ʾilāh]]}}'' ({{lang|ar|إله}}) uu yahay eray loo isticmaalo ilaah ama ilaah guud ahaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=God |url=https://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithgod.html |access-date=18 December 2010 |website=Islam: Empire of Faith |publisher=[[PBS]] |archive-date=27 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140327034958/http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithgod.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Islaamku wuxuu barayaa in abuurista wax kasta oo ku jira [[universe|caalamka]] la keenay iyada oo la raacayo amarka Ilaahay sida lagu muujiyay erayada, &quot;[[Be, and it is|Aabo, oo wuu noqdaa]],&quot;&lt;ref group=&quot;lower-roman&quot;&gt;{{qref|2|117|b=yl}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo in [[Meaning of life|ujeeddada jiritaanka]] ay tahay in la caabudo Ilaahay.&lt;ref&gt;Leeming, David. 2005. ''The Oxford Companion to World Mythology''. Oxford: [[Oxford University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-195-15669-0}}. p. 209.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa loo arkaa ilaah shakhsi ah oo wax dhexdhexaadin ah, sida [[clergy|wadaaddada]], looma baahna si loo gaaro xiriir lala yeesho Ilaahay. Wacyigelinta Ilaahay waxaa loo yaqaanaa [[taqwa]].

=== Qoraallada Quduuska ah ===
{{Main|Kutubta quduuska ah ee Islaamka | Qur'aanka|Wahy}}

{{See also|Taariikhda Qur'aanka}}[[File:Birmingham Quran manuscript full.jpg|thumb|Labo bogos oo ka mid ah qoraal-gacmeedka Quraanka Birmingham, oo lagu qoray farta Xijaasiga ah ee maqaarka xoolaha taariikhdooduna ay ku beegantahay 568–645 C.D., oo ku beegan xilligii Nabi Maxamed noolaa.]]
Qoraalka quduska ah ee ugu sarreeya Islaamka waa Quraanka. Muslimiintu waxay rumeysan yihiin in aayaadka Quraanka ay Alle u soo waxyooday Nabi Maxamed, oo uu u soo wakiishay malagii Jibriil, marar badan intii u dhaxaysay 610 C.D.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Watt |first=William Montgomery |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC&amp;pg=PA5 |title=Islam and the Integration of Society |date=2003 |publisher=Psychology Press |isbn=978-0-415-17587-6 |pages=5 |access-date=15 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo 632, oo ah sannadkii uu geeriyooday Nabi Maxamed.{{sfnp|Esposito|2004|pp=17–18, 21}} Intii uu noolaa Nabi Maxamed, waxyiyadan waxaa qoray saxaradiisa, inkastoo habka ugu muhiimsan ee loo gudbin jiray uu ahaa afka oo lagu barto xifdi ahaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Al Faruqi |first1=Lois Ibsen |author-link=Lois Lamya al-Faruqi |year=1987 |title=The Cantillation of the Qur'an |journal=Asian Music |issue=Autumn – Winter 1987 |pages=3–4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Quraanku wuxuu ka kooban yahay 114 suuradood oo ay ku jiraan wadarta guud ee 6,236 aayadood. Suuradaha hore ee soo degay, ee ku soo degay Maka, waxay inta badan khuseeyaan arrimaha diiniga ah, halka suuradaha dambe ee Madiina ay ka hadlayaan arrimaha bulshada iyo sharciga ah ee khuseeya bulshada Muslimka ah.[[File:Quran rzabasi1.JPG|thumb|Qoraal-gacmeed Quraan ah oo qarnigii 9-aad ah oo saaran rihaal, kaas oo ah taageerada buugga ee qoraalka quduska ah, oo lagu hayo Matxafka Reza Abbasi ee ku yaalla Tehraan, Iran.]]
Sharci-yaqaanada Islaamku waxay la tashadaan Xadiiska, ama diiwaanka qoran ee nolosha Nabi Maxamed, si ay u kaalmeeyaan Quraanka una caawiyaan fasiraadiisa. Sayniska faallooyinka Quraanka iyo tafsiirka waxaa loo yaqaanaa tafsiir.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/tafsir |title=Tafsīr |access-date=17 September 2021 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfnp|Esposito|2004|pp=79–81}} Marka laga reebo muhiimaddiisa diiniga ah, Quraanka waxaa si weyn loogu tixgeliyaa inuu yahay shaqada ugu fiican ee suugaanta Carabiga,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first=Alan|last=Jones|location=London|publisher=Charles E. Tuttle Company|year=1994|page=[https://archive.org/details/koran0000unse_i5u8/page/n32 1]|title=The Koran|url=https://archive.org/details/koran0000unse_i5u8|quote=&quot;Its outstanding literary merit should also be noted: it is by far, the finest work of Arabic prose in existence.&quot;|isbn=1842126091}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first=Arthur|last=Arberry|title=The Koran Interpreted|location=London|publisher=Allen &amp; Unwin|year=1956|quote=&quot;It may be affirmed that within the literature of the Arabs, wide and fecund as it is both in poetry and in elevated prose, there is nothing to compare with it.&quot;|page=191|isbn=0684825074}}&lt;/ref&gt; wuxuuna saameeyay fanka iyo afka Carabiga.&lt;ref&gt;Kadi, Wadad, and Mustansir Mir. &quot;Literature and the Quran.&quot; In ''Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an'' 3. pp. 213, 216.&lt;/ref&gt; Islaamku sidoo kale wuxuu qabaa in Alle uu soo diray waxyiyo, oo la yiraahdo waxyi, oo loo soo diray nabiyo kala duwan marar badan taariikhda dhexdeeda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Islaamku wuxuu barayaa in qaybo ka mid ah qoraalladii hore ee la soo waxyooday, sida Tawraat (Tawraad) iyo Injiil (Injiil), ay noqdeen kuwo la leexiyay—ha ahaato dhinaca fasiraadda, qoraalka, ama labadaba,&lt;ref name=&quot;harvp|Esposito|2002b|pp=4–5&quot;&gt;{{harvp|Esposito|2002b|pp=4–5}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;harvp|Peters|2003|p=9&quot;&gt;{{harvp|Peters|2003|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;610CE&quot;&gt;{{harvc|c=Muhammad|in=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online|year=n.d.|last2=Welch|first2=A.T.|last1=Buhl|first1=F.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc|c=Tahrif |in=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online|year=n.d. |author=Hava Lazarus-Yafeh}}&lt;/ref&gt; halka Quraanku (Akhris) loo arko erayga ugu dambeeya ee Alle oo aan wax beddel ah lahayn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ringgren-Quran&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last=Ringgren |first=Helmer |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Quran |title=Qurʾān |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=17 September 2021 |url-access=subscription}} &quot;The word ''Quran'' was invented and first used in the Quran itself. There are two different theories about this term and its formation. &quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Teece|2003|pp=12–13}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Turner|2006|p=42}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfnp|Bennett|2010|p=101}}

=== Malaa'igta ===
[[File:Rashid al-Din Tabib - Jami al-Tawarikh, f.45v detail - c. 1306-15.png|thumb|Maxamed oo helaya [[Muhammad's first revelation|waxyigiisii ugu horreeyay]] oo uga imaanaya malaa'igta [[Gabriel]], oo ka socda qoraal gacmeedka [[Jami' al-tawarikh|Jami' al-Tawarikh]] ee uu qoray [[Rashid al-Din Hamadani|Rashid-al-Din Hamadani]], lagu daabacay [[Tabriz]], [[Iran]], 1307 C.D.]]
{{Main|Angels in Islam}}

Malaa'igta (keligood: {{langx|ar|ملك|link=no}}, ''{{transliteration|ar|ALA|malak}}'') waa makhluuqaad lagu sifeeyay Quraanka{{sfnp|Burge|2015|p=23}} iyo xadiiska.{{sfnp|Burge|2015|p=79}} Waxaa lagu sifeeyay inay u abuuran yihiin inay caabudaan Ilaahay iyo inay sidoo kale ka shaqeeyaan waajibaadyo kale oo gaar ah sida gudbinta [[revelation|waxyiga]] ee ka yimid Ilaahay, diiwaangelinta ficilada qof kasta, iyo qaadashada [[soul|nafta]] qofka waqtiga dhimashada. Waxaa lagu sifeeyay inay si kala duwan uga abuurmeen 'iftiin' ([[Nūr (Islam)|''nūr'']])&lt;ref name=&quot;Encyclopedia-Nur&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |title=Nūr |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/nur |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423085030/https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/nur |archive-date=2022-04-23 |encyclopedia=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |via=[[Encyclopedia.com]] |language=en |access-date=2026-03-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc|last1=Hartner, W.|last2=Tj Boer |year=2012 |c=Nūr |in=Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.)}} {{doi|10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0874}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc |last=Elias |first=Jamal J. |year=2003|c=Light |in=McAuliffe}} {{doi|10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00261}}&lt;/ref&gt; ama 'dab' (''nār'').&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc |last=Campo |first=Juan E. |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/nar |c=Nar |in=Martin |year=2004}}. – via [[Encyclopedia.com]].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc|last=Fahd, T. |year=2012 |c=Nār |in=Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.)}} {{doi|10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0846}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc |last=Toelle |first=Heidi |year=2002 |c=Fire |in=McAuliffe}} {{doi|10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00156}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|McAuliffe|2003|p=45}}&lt;/ref&gt; Malaa'igta Islaamka waxaa badanaa lagu matalaa [[Anthropomorphism|qaabab bini'aadamnimo]] oo ay ku jiraan sawirro [[supernatural|cajiib ah]], sida baalal, oo ah kuwa aad u waaweyn ama xidhan dhar janno.{{sfnp|Burge|2015|pp=97–99}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Esposito|2002b|pp=26–28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc |last=Webb |first=Gisela |c=Angel |year=n.d. |in=McAuliffe}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc|last1=MacDonald, D. B.|last2=Madelung, W. |year=2012 |c=Malāʾika |in=Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.)}}{{doi|10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0642}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sifooyinka caadiga ah ee malaa'igta waxaa ka mid ah inaysan lahayn baahiyo jir iyo rabitaanno, sida cunidda iyo cabidda.{{sfnp|Çakmak|2017|p=140}} Qaarkood, sida [[Gabriel|Jibriil]] iyo [[Michael (archangel)|Miikaa'il]], ayaa magacyadooda lagu xusay Quraanka. Malaa'igtu waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan suugaanta ku saabsan [[Isra and Mi'raj|Mi'raajka]], halkaas oo Maxamed uu kula kulmo dhowr malaa'igood intii uu ku jirsaday safarkiisa samada.{{sfnp|Burge|2015|p=79}} Malaa'ig dheeraad ah ayaa badanaa lagu muujiyay [[Islamic eschatology|qiyaamaha]], [[Kalam|cilmiga kalaamka]] iyo [[Islamic philosophy|falsafada Islaamka]].{{sfnp|Burge|2015|p=22}}

=== Kitaabyada ===
[[File:Quran rzabasi1.JPG|thumb|Qoraal gacmeed [[Quran|Quraan]] ah oo qarnigii 9-aad ah oo saaran [[Rehal (book rest)|rehal]], oo ah kursiga kitaabka qudduuska ah, oo lagu hayo [[Reza Abbasi Museum]] ee [[Tehran]], [[Iran]].]]
{{Main|Islamic holy books|Quran|Wahy}}

{{See also|History of the Quran}}
Kitaabka quduuska ah ee ugu sarreeya Islaamka waa [[Quran|Quraanka]]. Muslimiintu waxay rumeysan yihiin in aayaadka Quraanka uu Maxamed u soo waxyooday Ilaahay, iyada oo la sii marinayo [[archangel|malaa'igta]] Jibriil, marar badan inta u dhaxaysa 610 C.D.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Watt |first=William Montgomery |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC&amp;pg=PA5 |title=Islam and the Integration of Society |date=2003 |publisher=[[Psychology Press]] |isbn=978-0-415-17587-6 |pages=5 |access-date=15 June 2021 |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228022949/https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC&amp;pg=PA5#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo 632, sanadkii uu geeriyooday Maxamed.{{sfnp|Esposito|2004|pp=17–18, 21}} Intii uu Maxamed noolaa, waxyiyadan waxaa qoray [[Muhammad's companions|saxaabtiisa]], inkastoo habka ugu muhiimsan ee gudbinta uu ahaa af ahaan iyada oo la adeegsanayo [[Hafiz (Quran)|xifdinta]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Al Faruqi |first1=Lois Ibsen |author-link=Lois Lamya al-Faruqi |year=1987 |title=The Cantillation of the Qur'an |journal=[[Society for Asian Music|Asian Music]] |issue=Autumn – Winter 1987 |pages=3–4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Quraanku wuxuu u qaybsamaa 114 suuradood (''[[sūrah]]'') oo ka kooban wadarta guud ee 6,236 aayadood (''[[ayah|āyāt]]''). Suuradaha hore ee taariikh ahaan, ee lagaga soo waxyooday [[Mecca|Makka]], waxay inta badan khuseeyaan arrimaha ruuxiga ah, halka suuradaha dambe ee [[Medina|Madiina]] ay ka hadlaan arrimo bulsho iyo sharci oo khuseeya bulshada Muslimka ah. Qareennada Muslimiintu waxay la tashadaan xadiiska ('warka'), ama diiwaanka qoran ee nolosha Maxamed, si ay labadaba u taageeraan Quraanka oo ay uga caawiyaan tafsiirkiisa. Sayniska faallooyinka iyo tafsiirka Quraanka waxaa loo yaqaanaa [[tafsir]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/tafsir |title=Tafsīr |access-date=17 September 2021 |url-access=subscription |archive-date=19 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019035210/https://www.britannica.com/topic/tafsir |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfnp|Esposito|2004|pp=79–81}} Marka laga reebo muhiimadiisa diimeed, Quraanka waxaa loo aqoonsan yahay si weyn inuu yahay shaqada ugu fiican [[Arabic literature|suugaanta Carabiga]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first=Alan|last=Jones|location=London|publisher=[[Charles E. Tuttle Company]]|year=1994|page=[https://archive.org/details/koran0000unse_i5u8/page/n32 1]|title=The Koran|url=https://archive.org/details/koran0000unse_i5u8|quote=&quot;Its outstanding literary merit should also be noted: it is by far, the finest work of Arabic prose in existence.&quot;|isbn=1842126091}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first=Arthur|last=Arberry|title=The Koran Interpreted|location=London|publisher=[[Allen &amp; Unwin]]|year=1956|quote=&quot;It may be affirmed that within the literature of the Arabs, wide and fecund as it is both in poetry and in elevated prose, there is nothing to compare with it.&quot;|page=191|isbn=0684825074}}&lt;/ref&gt; wuxuuna saameeyay fanka iyo luqadda Carabiga.&lt;ref&gt;Kadi, Wadad, and Mustansir Mir. &quot;Literature and the Quran.&quot; In ''[[Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān|Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an]]'' 3. pp. 213, 216.&lt;/ref&gt;

Islaamku sidoo kale wuxuu qabaa in Ilaahay uu soo diray waxyiyo, oo la yiraahdo ''[[wahy]]'', oo loo soo diray nabiyo kala duwan marar badan taariikhda oo dhan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Islaamku wuxuu barayaa in qaybo ka mid ah kitaabadii hore ee la soo waxyooday, sida [[Torah in Islam|''Towraad'']] ([[Torah]]) iyo [[Gospel in Islam|''Injiil'']] ([[Gospel in Islam|Injiil]]), ay noqdeen kuwo [[tahrif|la leexiyay]]—ha ahaato tafsiirka, qoraalka, ama labadaba,&lt;ref name=&quot;harvp|Esposito|2002b|pp=4–5&quot;&gt;{{harvp|Esposito|2002b|pp=4–5}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;harvp|Peters|2003|p=9&quot;&gt;{{harvp|Peters|2003|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;610CE&quot;&gt;{{harvc|c=Muhammad|in=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online|year=n.d.|last2=Welch|first2=A.T.|last1=Buhl|first1=F.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc|c=Tahrif |in=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online|year=n.d. |author=[[Hava Lazarus-Yafeh]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; halka Quraanka ({{Lit|Akhrinta}}) loo arko hadalka ugu dambeeya, ee dhabta ah ee aan wax laga beddelin ee Ilaahay.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ringgren&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last=Ringgren |first=Helmer |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Quran |title=Qurʾān |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=17 September 2021 |url-access=subscription |archive-date=5 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505001543/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/487666/Quran |url-status=live }} &quot;The word ''Quran'' was invented and first used in the Quran itself. There are [[Quran#Etymology and meaning|two different theories]] about this term and its formation.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Teece|2003|pp=12–13}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Turner|2006|p=42}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfnp|Bennett|2010|p=101}}

=== Nabiyada ===
{{Main|Prophets and messengers in Islam|Sunnah|Hadith}}

[[File:Medieval Persian manuscript Muhammad leads Abraham Moses Jesus.jpg|thumb|[[Persian miniature|Miniakiyada Faarisiga]] ee qarnigii 15-aad oo muujinaysa [[Muhammad in Islam|Maxamed]] oo hoggaaminaya [[Abraham in Islam|Ibraahim]], [[Moses in Islam|Muuse]], [[Jesus in Islam|Ciise]] iyo [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|nabiyo kale]] salaadda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=BnF. Département des Manuscrits. Supplément turc 190 |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/view3if/ga/ark:/12148/btv1b8427195m/f16 |publisher=[[Bibliothèque nationale de France]] |access-date=7 September 2023 |archive-date=9 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909130407/https://gallica.bnf.fr/view3if/ga/ark:/12148/btv1b8427195m/f16 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nabiyada (Carabi: {{langx|ar|أنبياء|label=none|translit=anbiyāʾ}}) waxaa la rumeysan yahay inay doorteen Ilaahay si ay u wacdhiyaan fariin ilaahi ah. Qaar ka mid ah nabiyadan ayaa sidoo kale keena kitaab cusub waxaana loogu yeeraa &quot;rasuul&quot; ({{langx|ar| رسول&amp;lrm;|label=none|translit=rasūl}}).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Esposito|2003|p=225}}&lt;/ref&gt; Muslimiintu waxay rumeysan yihiin in nabiyadu ay yihiin bini'aadam oo aan ahayn ilaahyo. Dhammaan nabiyadu waxaa la sheegaa inay wacdiyiyeen fariintii asaasiga ahayd ee Islaamka - u dhiibashada doonista Ilaahay - oo ay u direen quruumihii hore, tan ayaana la sheegay inay sabab u tahay isku mid ahaanshaha badan ee u dhexeeya diimaha. Quraanku wuxuu sheegayaa magacyada tiro badan oo ah shakhsiyaadka loo tixgeliyo [[prophets in Islam|nabiyada Islaamka]], oo ay ku jiraan [[Adam in Islam|Aadam]], [[Noah in Islam|Nux]], [[Abraham in Islam|Ibraahim]], [[Moses in Islam|Muuse]], [[David in Islam|Daa'uud]] iyo [[Jesus in Islam|Ciise]], iyo kuwo kale.&lt;ref name=&quot;Schimmel&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last=Schimmel |first=Annemarie |author-link=Annemarie Schimmel |title=Islam |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=17 September 2021 |url-access=subscription |archive-date=4 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504201633/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/295507/Islam |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Reeves |first=J. C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WNId86Eu4TEC |title=Bible and Qurʼān: Essays in scriptural intertextuality |publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] |year=2004 |isbn=90-04-12726-7 |location=[[Leiden]] |page=177 |access-date=21 August 2019 |archive-date=19 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419164019/https://books.google.com/books?id=WNId86Eu4TEC |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sheekooyinka la xiriira nabiyada ee ka baxsan xisaabaadka Quraanka waxaa lagu ururiyaa oo lagu baaraa ''[[Qisas Al-Anbiya|Qisas al-Anbiya]]'' (Sheekooyinka Nabiyada).

Muslimiintu waxay rumeysan yihiin in Ilaahay uu soo diray Maxamed inuu noqdo nabiga ugu dambeeya (&quot;[[Seal of the prophets|khaatumul anbiyo]]&quot;) si uu u gaarsiiyo fariinta dhameystiran ee Islaamka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Esposito-Islam&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last=Esposito |first=John L. |author-link=John Esposito |editor-last=Esposito |editor-first=John L. |title=Islam |encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World |location=Oxford |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-530513-5 |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001 |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100012298 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110124812/https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100012298 |archive-date=2021-01-10 |quote=Profession of Faith...affirms Islam's absolute monotheism and acceptance of Muḥammad as the messenger of Allah, the last and final prophet. |access-date=2026-03-20 |language=en|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Peters-Allah&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last=Peters |first=F. E. |author-link=Francis Edward Peters |editor-last=Esposito |editor-first=John L. |title=Allāh |encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World |location=Oxford |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-530513-5 |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001 |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095403960 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926053837/https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095403960 |archive-date=2020-09-26 |quote=[T]he Muslims' understanding of Allāh is based...on the Qurʿān's public witness. Allāh is Unique, the Creator, Sovereign, and Judge of mankind. It is Allāh who directs the universe through his direct action on nature and who has guided human history through his prophets, Abraham, with whom he made his covenant, Moses/Moosa, Jesus/Eesa, and Muḥammad, through all of whom he founded his chosen communities, the 'Peoples of the Book.' |access-date=2026-03-20 |language=en|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Islaamka dhexdiisa, tusaalaha &quot;caadiga ah&quot; ee nolosha Maxamed waxaa lagu magacaabaa ''[[sunnah]]'' (oo macneheedu yahay &quot;jidka la maray&quot;). Muslimiinta waxaa lagu dhiirrigelinayaa inay ku daydaan dabeecadaha akhlaaqda ee Maxamed noloshooda maalinlaha ah, sunnadana waxaa loo arkaa mid muhiim u ah hagidda tafsiirka Quraanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Martin|2004|p=666}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc|c=Hadith|in=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online|year=n.d.|author=J. Robson}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc|c=Sunna|in=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online|year=n.d.|author=D.W. Brown}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Goldman |first=Elizabeth |title=Believers: Spiritual Leaders of the World |url=https://archive.org/details/believersspiritu00gold |date=1995 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-19-508240-1 |location=Oxford |page=63}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tusaalahan waxaa lagu ilaaliyaa dhaqamo loo yaqaan xadiis, oo ah xisaabaadka erayadiisa, ficilladiisa, iyo sifooyinka shakhsi ahaaneed. [[Hadith qudsi|Xadiiska Qudsi]] waa qayb hoose oo ka tirsan xadiiska, oo loo arko inuu yahay erayada dhabta ah ee Ilaahay ee uu soo xigtay Maxamed oo aan ahayn qayb ka tirsan Quraanka. Xadiisku wuxuu ka kooban yahay laba shay: silsiladda sheekeeyayaasha, oo loo yaqaanno [[Hadith studies#Traditional importance of the sanad|''sanad'']], iyo ereyada dhabta ah, oo loo yaqaanno [[Hadith studies|''matn'']]. Waxaa jira habab kala duwan oo lagu kala saaro xaqiiqda xadiisyada, iyadoo cabbirka darajada ee badanaa la isticmaalo uu yahay &quot;saxiix&quot; ama &quot;sax ah&quot; ({{langx|ar|صحيح|links=no|translit=[[Authentic hadith|ṣaḥīḥ]]|label=none}}); &quot;xasan&quot; ({{langx|ar|حسن|links=no|label=none|translit=[[Hasan (hadith)|ḥasan]]}}); ama &quot;daciif&quot; ({{langx|ar|ضعيف|label=none|translit=[[Da'if|ḍaʻīf]]}}), iyo kuwo kale. [[Kutub al-Sittah]] waa ururinta lix kitaab, oo loo arko inay yihiin warbixinnada ugu suuban ee [[Sunni Islam|Sunniyada]]. Waxaa ka mid ah [[Sahih al-Bukhari]], oo ay Sunnidu badanaa u arkaan mid ka mid ah [[Hadith terminology#Terminology relating to the authenticity of a hadith|ilaha ugu suuban]] ka dib Quraanka.&lt;ref&gt;[[Aisha Abd al-Rahman|al-Rahman, Aisha Abd]], ed. 1990. [[Introduction to the Science of Hadith|Muqaddimah Ibn al-Ṣalāḥ]]. Cairo: Dar al-Ma'arif, 1990. pp. 160–69&lt;/ref&gt; Il kale oo caan ka ah xadiisyada waa [[The Four Books|Afrta Kitaab]], oo ay Shiicadu u arkaan tixraaca xadiiska ee ugu suuban.&lt;ref name=&quot;Awliyai-Four-Books&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Awliya'i |first=Mustafa |title=Outlines of the Development of the Science of Hadith |volume=1 |chapter=The Four Books |url=https://www.al-islam.org/al-tawhid/vol1-n12-3/outlines-development-science-hadith-dr-mustafa-awliyai/part-1#four-books |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912144702/https://www.al-islam.org/al-tawhid/vol1-n12-3/outlines-development-science-hadith-dr-mustafa-awliyai/part-1#four-books |archive-date=2017-09-12 |translator-last=Qara'i |translator-first=A. Q. |via=Al-Islam.org |access-date=2020-05-24 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rizvi-Four-Books&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Rizvi |first=Sayyid Sa'eed Akhtar |author-link=Sa'id Akhtar Rizvi |title=The Qur'an and Hadith |location=Tanzania |publisher=Bilal Muslim Mission |chapter=The Hadith §The Four Books (Al-Kutubu'l-Arb'ah) |url=https://www.al-islam.org/quran-and-hadith-allamah-sayyid-saeed-akhtar-rizvi/chapter-4-hadith#four-books-al-kutubul-arbah |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912191319/https://www.al-islam.org/quran-and-hadith-allamah-sayyid-saeed-akhtar-rizvi/chapter-4-hadith#four-books-al-kutubul-arbah |archive-date=2017-09-12 |via=Al-Islam.org |access-date=2020-05-24 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Soo-noqoshada iyo xukunka ===
[[File:Chester Beatty T 414 fol 129r Muhammad al-Mehdi.png|thumb|Matxaf qarnigii 16-aad ee [[Muhammad al-Mahdi|Maxamed al-Mahdi]]. [[Mahdi|Mahdiga]] waxaa la rumeysan yahay inuu soo muuqan doono ka hor [[Eschatology|Waqtiga Dhamaadka]] si uu u soo celiyo cadaaladda oo uu uga adkaado dulmiga iyadoo la kaashanaya [[Jesus in Islam|Ciise]] ([[Jesus]]).]]
{{Main|Islamic eschatology}}

Rumaysashada &quot;Maalinta Qiyaame&quot; ama ''[[Qiyamah|Yawm al-Qiyāmah]]'' ({{langx|ar|يوم القيامة|link=no}}) ayaa sidoo kale muhiim u ah Muslimiinta. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in waqtiga Qiyaamaha uu hore u qadaray Ilaahay, laakiin uusan aqoon bini'aadamku. Quraanka iyo xadiiska, iyo sidoo kale faallooyinka [[Ulama|culimada]], waxay qeexayaan imtixaannada iyo [[Great Tribulation|dhibaatooyinka]] ka horreeya iyo inta uu socdo Qiyaamaha. Quraanka wuxuu xoogga saarayaa [[universal resurrection|soo-noqoshada jirka]], taasoo ah mid ka duwan fahamkii [[pre-Islamic Arabia|Carabtii hore]] ee dhimashada.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Glassé|2003|loc=&quot;Resurrection&quot;|pp=382–383}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.)|2012|loc=&quot;Avicenna&quot;}}. {{doi|10.1163/1573-3912_islam_DUM_0467}}: &quot;Ibn Sīnā, Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Sīnā is known in the West as 'Avicenna'.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc|c=Qiyama |in=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online|year=n.d. |author=Gardet, L.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Maalinta Qiyaame, Muslimiintu waxay rumeysan yihiin in dhammaan bini'aadamka lagu xukumi doono falalkooda wanaagsan iyo kuwa xun waxaana loo gudbin doonaa [[Jannah|Janno]] ama [[Jahannam|Naar]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |editor-last=Esposito |editor-first=John L. |editor-link=John Esposito |title=Eschatology |url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e588 |url-access=subscription |work=[[The Oxford Dictionary of Islam]] |via=Oxford Islamic Studies Online |access-date=18 April 2017 |archive-date=13 September 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100913062714/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e588 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Quraanku wuxuu ku jira [[Surat al-Zalzalah]] wuxuu tan ku sifeeyaa: &quot;Haddaba qofkii sameeya culays atoore oo wanaag ah wuu arki doonaa. Qofkii se sameeya culays atoore oo xumaan ah wuu arki doonaa.&quot; Quraanku [[Islamic views of sin|wuxuu qorayaa dunuub badan]] oo qof ku xukumi kara naar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Quraanku wuxuu caddeynayaa in Ilaahay uu cafiyi doono dunuubta kuwa toobad keena haddii uu doono. Falalka wanaagsan, sida sadaqada, salaadda, iyo naxariista xayawaannada{{sfnp|Esposito|2011|p=130}} waxaa lagu abaalmarin doonaa gelitaanka jannada. Muslimiintu waxay u arkaan jannada meel ay ka buuxaan farxad iyo barako, iyadoo tixraacyada Quraanku ay qeexayaan sifooyinkeeda. Dhaqamada suufiga ah ee Islaamka waxay dhigayaan raaxooyinkan jannada xiriir la leh wacyigelin xamaasad leh oo ku saabsan Ilaahay.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Smith|2006|p=89}}; ''Encyclopedia of Islam and Muslim World'', p. 565&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc |c=Garden |first=Asma |last=Afsaruddin |year=n.d. |in=McAuliffe}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Paradise|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Yawm al-Qiyāmah'' sidoo kale waxaa Quraanka loogu aqoonsaday ''Yawm ad-Dīn'' ({{lang|ar|يوم الدين}} &quot;Maalinta Diinta&quot;);&lt;ref group=&quot;lower-roman&quot;&gt;{{qref|1|4|b=y}};&lt;/ref&gt; ''as-Sāʿah'' ({{lang|ar|الساعة}} &quot;Saacadda Dambe&quot;);&lt;ref group=&quot;lower-roman&quot;&gt;{{qref|6|31|b=y}};&lt;/ref&gt; iyo ''[[Al-Qaria|al-Qāriʿah]]'' ({{lang|ar|القارعة}} &quot;Qaylisaada&quot;).&lt;ref group=&quot;lower-roman&quot;&gt;{{qref|101|1|b=y}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Qadarka ===
{{Main|Predestination in Islam}}

Qaar ka mid ah Muslimiintu waxay rumeysan yihiin qadarka ilaahay, ({{langx|ar|القضاء والقدر}}, ''{{transliteration|ar|DIN|al-qadāʾ wa l-qadar}}'') in arrin kasta uu qaddaray Ilaahay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.freeweb.hu/etymological/AEDweb.htm |date=2002 |title=Andras Rajki's A. E. D. (Arabic Etymological Dictionary) |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111208204654/http://www.freeweb.hu/etymological/AEDweb.htm |archive-date=8 December 2011 |access-date=13 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Cohen-Mor|2001|p=4}}: &quot;The idea of predestination is reinforced by the frequent mention of events 'being written' or 'being in a book' before they happen&quot;: Say: &quot;Nothing will happen to us except what Allah has decreed for us...&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc |last=Karamustafa |first=Ahmet T. |c=Fate |year=n.d. |in=McAuliffe}}: The verb ''qadara'' literally means &quot;to measure, to determine&quot;. Here it is used to mean that &quot;God measures and orders his creation&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc |last=Gardet|first=L.|year=2012|c=al-Ḳaḍāʾ Wa 'l-Ḳadar |in=Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.)}} {{doi|10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0407}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mu'tazilism|Mu'tasiladu]] iyo qaar ka mid ah Shiicada Muslimiinta ah ma rumeysna fikraddan.&lt;ref&gt;[[#AGI1978|Guillaume, ''Islam'', 1978]]: p.131-2&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[#AGI1978|Guillaume, ''Islam'', 1978]]: p.132&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Need of Religion'', by Sayyid [[Sa'id Akhtar Rizvi]], p. 14.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Muslims'', by S. H. M. Rizvi, Shibani Roy, B. B. Dutta, p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Shirazi |first1=Naser Makarem |title=The Justice of God |publisher=Al-Islam.org |url=https://www.al-islam.org/justice-god-naser-makarem-shirazi/issue-predestination-and-free-will |access-date=14 June 2022 |chapter=The Issue of Predestination and Free Will|date=12 May 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures'', by Marshall Cavendish Corporation, p. 137.&lt;/ref&gt; Badanaa, rumaysashadan masiirka ilaahay waxaa lagu muujiyaa erayga ''[[Inshallah]]'', ({{langx|ar|إن شاء الله}}, {{transliteration|ar|haddii Alle jiro}}) marka laga hadlayo dhacdooyinka mustaqbalka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Muslim beliefs – Al-Qadr |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z43pfcw/revision/4 |access-date=13 November 2020 |publisher=BBC |work=Bitesize – GCSE – Edexcel |archive-date=15 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115112558/https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z43pfcw/revision/4 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ficilada cibaadada ==
{{Main|Five Pillars of Islam|Ibadah}}

Waxaa jira shan ficil oo cibaado ah oo loo arko inay yihiin [[fard|waajibaad]]–Shahaadada, salaadaha shanta ah ee maalinlaha ah, [[Zakat|sakada]], [[fasting during Ramadan|soonta bisha Ramadaan]], iyo xajka [[Hajj|Hajka]]—oo si wadajir ah loogu yaqaano &quot;Tiirarka Islaamka&quot; (''Arkān al-Islām''). Intaa waxaa dheer, Muslimiintu waxay sidoo kale sameeyaan ficilo kale oo ikhtiyaari ah oo dhiirrigel leh laakiin aan loo arkin inay yihiin waajibaad.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=ZAROUG|first=ABDULLAHI HASSAN|date=1985|title=THE CONCEPT OF PERMISSION, SUPEREROGATORY ACTS AND ASETICISM &amp;#91;sic&amp;#93; IN ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20847307|journal=Islamic Studies|volume=24|issue=2|pages=167–180|jstor=20847307|issn=0578-8072|access-date=7 January 2023|archive-date=7 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207140013/https://www.jstor.org/stable/20847307|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Shahaadada ===
[[File:Silver Rupee Akbar.jpg|thumb|right|Lacag qalinkii qarnigii 16-aad ee [[Akbar|Akbarkii Weyn]], Boqorkii [[Mughal Empire|Mugalka]], [[India]], oo lagu qoray [[Shahada|Shahaadada]].]]
{{Main|Shahada}}

[[shahada]]h{{sfnp|Nasr|2003|pp=3, 39, 85, 270–272}} waa [[oath|dhaar]] lagu caddaynayo rumaysashada Islaamka. Qoraalka la ballaariyay waa &quot;{{transliteration|ar|DIN|ʾašhadu ʾal-lā ʾilāha ʾillā-llāhu wa ʾašhadu ʾanna muħammadan rasūlu-llāh}}&quot; ({{langx|ar|أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وأشهد أن محمداً رسول الله|label=none}}), ama, &quot;Waxaan qirayaa inuusan jirin [[deity|ilaah]] aan ahayn [[God in Islam|Ilaahay]] waxaanuna qirayaa in Maxamed yahay rasuulkii Ilaahay.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mohammad-1985&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last=Mohammad |first=Noor |date=1985 |title=The Doctrine of Jihad: An Introduction |url=https://archive.org/details/journal-of-law-and-religion_1985_3_2/page/381 |journal=[[Journal of Law and Religion]] |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=381–397 |doi=10.2307/1051034 |jstor=1051034 |publisher=Journal of Law and Religion, Inc. |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Islaamka waxaa mararka qaarkood lagu doodaa inuu leeyahay caqiido aad u fudud iyadoo shahaadadu ay tahay saldhigga diinta ka hartay. Aan-Muslimiinta raba inay [[Conversion to Islam|soo islaamaan]] waxaa looga baahan yahay inay ku dhawaaqaan shahaadada hortooda markhaatiyaal.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc |last=Kasim |first=Husain |year=2004 |c=Islam |pp=195–197 |in=Salamone}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Galonnier-2021&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Galonnier |first=Juliette |editor-last=van Nieuwkerk |editor-first=Karin |title=Moving In and Out of Islam |chapter=Moving In or Moving Toward? Reconceptualizing Conversion to Islam as a Liminal Process |location=New York |publisher=University of Texas Press |year=2021 |pages=44–66 |doi=10.7560/317471-003 |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.7560/317471-003/html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023001/https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.7560/317471-003/html |archive-date=2023-12-28 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Salaadda ===
[[File:Prayer in Cairo 1865.jpg|thumb|[[Muslims|Muslimiin]] tukanaya ([[salah]]) gudaha [[Egypt]] waxaa alifay [[Jean-Léon Gérôme]], 1865.]]
{{Main|Salah}}

{{See also|Mosque|Jumu'ah}}
Salaadda Islaamka waxaa loo yaqaanaa [[salah|as-salaad]] ({{langx|ar|الصلاة|link=no}}), ama erayga [[Persian language|Faarisiga]] ee ah &quot;Namaz.&quot; Waxaa loo arkaa xiriir shakhsi ah oo lala leeyahay Ilaahay, waxayna ka kooban tahay ku celcelinta qaybo la yiraahdo [[rakat|rakco]] oo ay ku jiraan [[Ruku|rukooc]] iyo [[Sujud|sujuud]] loo sujuudayo Ilaahay. Waxaa jira shan salaadood oo la cayimay maalintii oo dhan kuwaas oo loo arko waajibaad. Salaadaha waxaa lagu akhriyaa luqadda Carabiga waxaana lagu fuliyaa [[Qibla|dhanka]] [[Kaaba|Kacbada]]. Ficilku sidoo kale wuxuu u baahan yahay xaalad nadiif ah oo diimeed oo lagu gaaro hababka [[wudu|weysada]] ama, xaaladaha qaarkood, qubays buuxa oo [[ghusl|qubays ah]].&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Esposito|2002b|pp=18, 19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Hedayetullah|2006|pp=53–55}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Kobeisy|2004|pp=22–34}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Momen|1987|p=178}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[mosque|Masaajidka]], oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano masjid ama namazgah, waa [[places of worship|goob cibaado]] oo loogu talagalay Muslimiinta. Inkasta oo ujeeddada ugu weyn ee masaajidku ay tahay inuu u adeego meel salaadeed, sidoo kale waa xarun bulsho oo muhiim u ah [[ummah|bulshada Muslimka ah]]. Tusaale ahaan, [[Prophet's Mosque|Masjidka Nabiga]] ee [[Medina|Madiina]], wuxuu sidoo kale u adeegi jiray hoy ay degaan dadka saboolka ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last=Mattson |first=Ingrid |year=2006 |title=Women, Islam, and Mosques |pages=615–629 |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America |series=Volume 2, Part VII. Islam |editor1=R. S. Keller |name-list-style=and |editor2=R. R. Ruether |place=Bloomington and Indianapolis |publisher=[[Indiana University Press]] |isbn=978-0-253-34687-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WPILfbtT5tQC&amp;pg=PA615 |access-date=2 October 2021 |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023019/https://books.google.com/books?id=WPILfbtT5tQC&amp;pg=PA615#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Minaret|Minaarooyinku]] waa munaarooyin loo isticmaalo in lagu yeero [[adhan|aanka]], kaas oo ah yeedhid afka ah oo lagu calaamadinayo waqtiga salaadda.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pedersen-Masjid-2010&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Pedersen |first1=Johannes |last2=Hillenbrand |first2=Robert |last3=Burton-Page |first3=John |author-link3=John Burton-Page |title=Masd̲j̲id |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Islam |edition=2nd |location=Leiden |publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] |year=2010 |doi=10.1163/9789004206106_eifo_COM_0694 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/mosque |title=Mosque |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=17 September 2021 |url-access=subscription |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928065350/https://www.britannica.com/topic/mosque |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Sakada ===
[[File:Slot at the Zaouia Moulay Idriss II 1.jpg|thumb|Meel lagu bixiyo sakada oo ku taal [[Zawiya of Moulay Idris II]] ee [[Fez, Morocco]].]]
{{Main|Zakat}}

{{See also|Sadaqah}}
[[Zakat|Sakada]] ([[Arabic language|Carabi]]: {{langx|ar|زكاة|translit=zakāh|label=none}}), waa nooc ka mid ah [[Alms|Sadaqada]] oo lagu garto bixinta qayb go'an (2.5% sanadkii)&lt;ref name=&quot;Ahmed-Gianci-2005&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Ahmed |first1=Medani |last2=Gianci |first2=Sebastian |title=Zakat |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Taxation and Tax Policy |editor1-last=Cordes |editor1-first=Joseph J. |editor2-last=Ebel |editor2-first=Robert D. |editor3-last=Gravelle |editor3-first=Jane |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=Urban Institute Press |year=2005 |page=479 |isbn=978-0877667520 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m66_BgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA479 |language=en}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; ee [[Financial capital|hantida la ururiyay]] ay bixiyaan kuwa awoodda u leh si ay u caawiyaan dadka saboolka ah ama baahan, sida xoraynta maxaabiista, kuwa [[bonded labor|dayn ku jira]], ama safarka ku ah, iyo kuwa loo shaqaaleysiiyo ururinta sakada. Waxay u shaqaysaa sidii nooc ka mid ah [[welfare spending|gar-gaar bulsheed]] oo ka jira bulshooyinka Muslimka ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Ariff |first=Mohamed |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NP4ZL0TJ9s4C&amp;pg=PA55 |title=The Islamic Voluntary Sector in Southeast Asia: Islam and the Economic Development of Southeast Asia |publisher=[[Institute of Southeast Asian Studies]] |year=1991 |isbn=978-981-3016-07-1 |pages=55– |access-date=7 October 2017 |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023007/https://books.google.com/books?id=NP4ZL0TJ9s4C&amp;&amp;pg=PA55 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa loo arkaa waajibaad diimeed oo ay dadka ladani ku leeyihiin kuwa baahan sababtoo ah hantidooda waxaa loo arkaa ammaan ka timid nimcada Ilaahay,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Esposito|2010|p=109–110}}: This is not regarded as charity because it is not really voluntary but instead is owed, by those who have received their wealth as a trust from God's bounty, to the poor.&lt;/ref&gt; waxaana loo arkaa daahirinta hantida dheeraadka ah ee qofka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book| publisher = RoutledgeCurzon| isbn = 9780415297967| title =Major World Religions: From Their Origins to the Present.| location = United Kingdom| year = 2003| last=Ridgeon| first=Lloyd| url =https://archive.org/details/majorworldreligi0000unse| page = [https://archive.org/details/majorworldreligi0000unse/page/258 258]|quote=Aside from its function of purifying believers' wealth, the payment of zakat may have contributed in no small way to the economic welfare of the Muslim community in Mecca.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wadarta guud ee sanadlaha ah ee lagu bixiyo sakada ayaa ah 15 jeer ka badan deeqaha gargaarka bini'aadamnimada ee adduunka, iyadoo la adeegsanayo qiyaaso taxaddar leh.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=1 June 2012 |title=A faith-based aid revolution in the Muslim world |work=[[The New Humanitarian]] |url=https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/95564/analysis-faith-based-aid-revolution-muslim-world |access-date=27 August 2023 |archive-date=14 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114014900/https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/95564/analysis-faith-based-aid-revolution-muslim-world |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Sadaqah|Sadaqadu]], si ka duwan Sakada, waa sadaqo ikhtiyaari ah oo aad loo dhiirrigeliyo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Said |first=Abdul Aziz |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4bs7g0O4eLYC&amp;pg=PA145 |title=Contemporary Islam: Dynamic, Not Static |publisher=[[Taylor &amp; Francis]] |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-415-77011-8 |page=145 |display-authors=etal |access-date=7 October 2017 |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023121/https://books.google.com/books?id=4bs7g0O4eLYC&amp;pg=PA145 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfnp|Stefon|2010|p=[https://archive.org/details/islamicbeliefspr0000stef/page/72 72]}} [[Waqf|Waaqfeku]] waa [[charitable trust|kalsooni samafal]] oo joogto ah, taas oo maalgelisa isbitaallada iyo dugsiyada bulshooyinka Muslimka ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Hudson |first=A. |title=Equity and Trusts |year=2003 |edition=3rd |page=32 |location=London |publisher=Cavendish Publishing |isbn=1-85941-729-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Soonta ===
[[File:Iftar for Ramadhan.jpg|thumb|Munaasabadda afurka, oo loo yaqaan ''[[Iftar]]'', waxaa dhaqan ahaan lagu bixiyaa [[date (fruits)|timir]].]]
{{Main|Fasting in Islam}}

{{See also|Fasting during Ramadan}}
Islaamka dhexdiisa, soonta ([[Arabic language|Carabi]]: {{langx|ar|صوم|translit=ṣawm|label=none}}) waxay mamnuucaysaa cuntada iyo cabitaanka, iyo sidoo kale noocyada kale ee isticmaalka, sida [[Smoking in Islam|sigaar-cabista]], waxaana la fuliyaa laga bilaabo waaberiga ilaa qorrax-dhaca. Inta lagu jiro bisha [[Ramadan]], waxaa loo arkaa waajibaad saaran Muslimiinta inay soomaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Ramadan |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ramadan |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en |archive-date=9 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009215438/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ramadan |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Soontu waxay dhiirrigelisaa dareen u dhowaanshaha Ilaahay iyadoo qofku is celinayo dartii Ilaahay wixii kale ee bannaan iyo in laga fikiro kuwa baahan. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira maalmo kale, sida [[Day of Arafah|Maalinta Carafo]], marka soontu ay tahay ikhtiyaari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book| publisher =Tughra Books | isbn = 9781597846110| title = Fasting In Islam And The Month Of Ramadan| location = United States| year =2006 | last=Ramadanali| url = |page=51
| quote = }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Xajka ===
{{Main|Hajj|Umrah}}

{{See also|Holiest sites in Islam}}
[[File:A packed house - Flickr - Al Jazeera English.jpg|thumb|Xujeyda intii lagu jiray xilli [[Hajj|Hajka]] ee [[Masjid al-Haram]] ee [[Mecca|Makka]], [[Saudi Arabia|Sacuudi Carabiya]], [[Holiest sites in islam|goobta Islaamka ee ugu barakeysan]].]]

[[pilgrimage|Xajka]] Islaamka, ee loo yaqaan {{transliteration|ar|ALA|ḥajj}} ({{langx|ar|حج|link=no}}), waa in la qabtaa ugu yaraan hal mar nolosha qof kasta oo Muslim ah oo awood u leh inta lagu jiro [[Islamic calendar|bisha Islaamka]] ee [[Dhu al-Hijjah]]. Caadooyinka Hajku waxay inta badan ku daydaan sheekada qoyska [[Abraham in Islam|Ibraahim]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Naik |first=Dr Zakir |author-link=Zakir Naik |date=7 January 2025 |title=What Are the Pillars of Islam? |url=https://islampidia.org/en/what-are-the-pillars-of-islam/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251115054332/https://islampidia.org/en/what-are-the-pillars-of-islam/ |archive-date=2025-11-15 |access-date=2025-11-15 |website=Islampidia |language=en-AU}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Five Pillars of Islam |url=https://localhost:5000/learn/educators/curriculum-resources/art-of-the-islamic-world/unit-one/the-five-pillars-of-islam |access-date=2025-11-15 |website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art}}{{Dead link|date=June 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mecca|Makka]], xujeydu waxay toddobo jeer ku wareegaan [[Kaaba|Kacbada]], oo ay Muslimiintu rumeysan yihiin inuu dhisay Ibraahim meel cibaado ah, waxayna toddobo jeer u dhexeeyaan buuraha [[Safa and Marwa|Safa iyo Marwa]], iyagoo xusuusanaya tallaabooyinkii xaaska Ibraahim, [[Hagar]], oo u raadinaysay biyo ilmahaheedii [[Ishmael in Islam|Ismaaciil]] ee lamadegaanka ka hor intaan Makka is rogay degmo.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Goldschmidt|Davidson|2005|p=48}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Farah|1994|pp=145–147}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Hajj |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online}}&lt;/ref&gt; Xajku sidoo kale wuxuu ku lug leeyahay in la qaato maalin duco iyo cibaado ah oo ka dhacda bannaanada [[Mount Arafat|Carafo]] iyo sidoo kale [[Stoning_of_the_Devil|tuurista shaydaanka]] si calaamadaysan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Peters |first=F.E. |title=Islam: A Guide for Jews and Christians |date=2009 |isbn=978-1-4008-2548-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HYJ2c9E9IM8C&amp;pg=PA19 |page=20 |publisher=Princeton University Press |access-date=7 October 2014 |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023112/https://books.google.com/books?id=HYJ2c9E9IM8C&amp;pg=PA19#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhammaan ragga Muslimiinta ah waxay xidhaan laba maro oo cad oo fudud oo aan tol lahayn oo loo yaqaan [[Ihram clothing|ixraam]], kuwaas oo loogu talagalay inay keenaan isku xirnaan jiilal iyo sinnaan ka dhexaysa xujeyda inkasta oo ay jiraan fasal ama asal.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Cornell |first=Vincent J. |title=Voices of Islam: Voices of tradition |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g5LNUS0ciAAC&amp;pg=PA29 |access-date=26 August 2012 |year=2007 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-275-98733-6 |page=29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Glassé|2003|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=focLrox-frUC&amp;pg=PA207 207]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nooc kale oo xaj ah, [[Umrah|Umrada]], waa ikhtiyaari waxaana la qaban karaa wakhti kasta oo sanadka ka mid ah. Goobaha kale ee xajka Islaamka waa [[Medina|Madiina]], halkaas oo Maxamed uu ku geeriyooday, iyo sidoo kale [[Jerusalem|Quddus]], oo ah magaalo ay ku yaalliin nabiyo badan oo Islaam ah waana goobta [[Al-Aqsa|Al-Aqsa]], taas oo ahayd jihadii salaadda ka hor Makka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Michigan Consortium for Medieval and Early Modern Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p44kAQAAMAAJ|title=The Meeting of Two Worlds: Cultural Exchange Between East and West During the Period of the Crusades|publisher=Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University|year=1986|isbn=0918720583|editor1=Goss, V. P.|volume=21|page=208|editor2=Bornstein, C. V.|access-date=15 January 2023|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023032/https://books.google.com/books?id=p44kAQAAMAAJ|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Trofimov-2008&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Trofimov |first=Yaroslav |author-link=Yaroslav Trofimov |title=The Siege of Mecca: The 1979 Uprising at Islam's Holiest Shrine |url=https://archive.org/details/siegeofmecca19790000trof |location=New York |publisher=[[Knopf]] |date=2008 |page=[https://archive.org/details/siegeofmecca19790000trof/page/79 79] |isbn=978-0-307-47290-8 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ficilada cibaadada ee kale ===
{{See also|Quran#Recitation|Dua|Dhikr}}
[[File:Men reading the Koran in Umayyad Mosque, Damascus, Syria.jpg|thumb|Rag Muslimiin ah oo akhrinaya Quraanka gudaha [[Umayyad Mosque|Masjidka Umawiyiinta]] ee [[Damascus]], [[Syria]].]]
Muslimiintu waxay akhriyaan oo xifdiyaan Quraanka oo dhan ama qaybo ka mid ah si ay u noqdaan camal wanaagsan. [[Tajwid|Tajwiidku]] wuxuu tilmaamayaa xeerar taxane ah oo loogu talagalay [[elocution|akhriska saxda ah]] ee Quraanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book| publisher = | isbn = | title = Foundation of Tajweed| location = | year = 2013|edition=2| last=Aboo Yahyaa| url = | page = 1
| quote = }}&lt;/ref&gt; Muslimiin badan ayaa akhriya Quraanka oo dhan inta lagu jiro bisha Ramadaan.{{sfnp|Stefon|2010|p=[https://archive.org/details/islamicbeliefspr0000stef/page/42 42–43]}} 

Qofka xifdiyay Quraanka oo dhan waxaa loo yaqaanaa Xaafid (&quot;xifdiyey&quot;), xadiisyaduna waxay xusayaan in shakhsiyaadkani ay awood u yeelan doonaan inay shafeecaan dadka kale Maalinta Qiyaamaha.{{sfnp|Nigosian|2004|p=[{{google books|plainurl=y|id=my7hnALd_NkC|page=70}} 70]}} Baryada Ilaahay, oo Carabiga lagu yiraahdo {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|duʿāʾ}} ({{langx|ar|دعاء}}&amp;nbsp;{{IPA|ar|dʊˈʕæːʔ|IPA}}) waxay leedahay anshaxeedii gaarka ahaa sida [[Raising hands in dua|gacmaha oo la taago]] sidii iyadoo la baryayo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book| publisher = Brill| isbn = 9789004335523| title = The Quṣṣāṣ of Early Islam| location = Netherlands| year = 2016| last=Armstrong| first=Lyall| url = | page = 184| quote = }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Xuska Ilaahay ({{langx|ar|ذكر|translit=Dhikr'|label=none}}) wuxuu tilmaamayaa erayada lagu celceliyo ee tixraacaya Ilaahay. Sida caadiga ah, tan waxaa ka mid ah Tahmiid, oo lagu dhawaaqayo [[Alhamdulillah|ammaan oo dhan waxaa leh Ilaahay]] ({{langx|ar|الحمد لله|translit=al-Ḥamdu lillāh|label=none}}) inta lagu jiro salaadda ama marka la dareemayo mahadnaq, [[Tasbih|Tasbiix]], oo lagu dhawaaqayo weyneynta Ilaahay inta lagu jiro salaadda ama marka la cajabo shay oo la dhaho '[[Basmala|bismillaah]]' ka hor intaan la bilaabin ficil sida cuntada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=alhamdulillah |url=https://www.lexico.com/definition/alhamdulillah|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227042540/https://www.lexico.com/definition/alhamdulillah|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 27, 2020|access-date=2021-10-16|website=Lexico}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taariikhda ==
{{Main|Taariikhda Islaamka}}

{{For timeline|Timeline of the history of Islam}}
{{See also|List of Muslim empires and dynasties}}{{multiple image
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| footer            = Bidix: [[Prophet's Mosque|Masjidka Nabiga]] ee [[Medina|Madiina]], Sacuudi Carabiya, waa [[holiest sites in islam|goobta labaad ee ugu barakeysan]] ee Islaamka. Maxamed laftiisa ayaa ku lug lahaa dhismaha masjidka, iyo [[Green Dome|Qubbadiisa Cagaaran]] waa halka lagu aasay. Midig: [[Al-Aqsa|Dhismaha Masjidka Al-Aqsa]] ee [[Jerusalem|Quddus]] waa goobta saddexaad ee ugu barakeysan ee Islaamka, halkaas oo Maxamed uu uga kacay samada intii uu socday [[Isra' and Mi'raj|Isra' iyo Mi'raaj]]. Goobtu waxay ahayd jihadii hore ee salaadda ([[qibla]]), halkaas oo Muslimiintu ay horay ugu tukan jireen ka hor intaan jihada loo beddelin [[Kaaba|Kacbada]] ee [[Mecca|Makka]] ka dib waxyi soo gaaray Maxamed.
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=== Maxamed iyo bilowgii Islaamka (570–632) ===
{{Main|Muhammad|Muhammad in Islam}}

{{for timeline|Timeline of early Islamic history}}
{{Further|Muhammad in Mecca|Early social changes under Islam|First Islamic state}}
[[File:Hira_Cave.jpg|thumb|[[Jabal al-Nour]] u dhow [[Mecca|Makka]], halkaas oo Maxamed uu ka helay [[Muhammad's first revelation|waxyigiisii ugu horreeyay]] ee ku jiray godka Xira.]]
Sida ku xusan dhaqanka Islaamka, Maxamed wuxuu ku dhashay [[Mecca|Makka]] sannadkii 570 [[Common Era|C.D.]] wuxuuna noqday agoon caruurnimadiisii. Isagoo ku koray ganacsade ahaan, wuxuu noqday mid loo yaqaan &quot;[[Amin (name)|amin (mid la isku halayn karo)]]&quot; ({{langx|ar|الامين}}) waxaana la doonayay inuu noqdo garsoore dhexdhexaad ah. Intuu ka dib guursaday shaqaalihiisii, haweeneydii ganacsatada ahayd ee [[Khadija bint Khuwaylid|Khadiija]].{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=6}} Sannadkii 610 C.D., isagoo dhibsaday hoos u dhaca akhlaaqda iyo shirkiga ka jiray Makka isla markaana raadinaya gooni-isu-taag iyo fikir ruuxi ah, Maxamed wuxuu u baxay Godka Xira ee buurta [[Jabal al-Nour]], oo u dhow Makka. Wuxuu ahaa intii uu ku sugnaa godka halkaas oo la sheegay inuu [[Muhammad's first revelation|helay waxyigii ugu horreeyay]] ee [[Quran|Quraanka]] oo uga yimid malaa'igta [[Gabriel|Jibriil]].&lt;ref name=&quot;610CE&quot; /&gt; Dhacdadii bixitaankii Maxamed ee godka iyo waxyigii xigay waxaa loo yaqaanaa [[Night of Power|Leylatul Qadr]] waxaana loo arkaa dhacdo muhiim ah taariikhda Islaamka. Intii lagu guda jiray 22-kii sano ee ka dambeeyay nolosha, laga bilaabo da'da 40 wixii ka dambeeyay, Maxamed wuxuu sii waday helitaanka waxyiga Ilaahay, isagoo noqday kii ugu dambeeyay ama [[Seal of the prophets|nabigii ugu dambeeyay]] ee loo diray bini'aadamka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Muhammad |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Siyer-i_Nebi_151b.jpg|thumb|Maxamed oo la muujiyay waji daboolan oo jooga [[Kaaba|Kacbada]] laga soo qaatay [[Siyer-i Nebi]], {{Circa|1595}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Ottomans : religious painting |url=http://www.ee.bilkent.edu.tr/~history/ottoman33.html |access-date=1 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Inta lagu jiro xilligan, [[Muhammad in Mecca|halka uu joogay Makka, Maxamed]] wuxuu ku wacdiyay marka hore si qarsoodi ah ka dibna si cad, isagoo ka baryaya dhegaystayaashiisa inay ka tagaan [[Arab polytheism|shirkiga]] oo ay caabudaan hal Ilaah. Qaar ka mid ah [[Early Muslims|Muslimiintii ugu horreysay ee soo islaamtay]] waxay ahaayeen dumar, saboolka, ajaanibta, iyo addoommada sida mu'adinkii ugu horreeyay [[Bilal ibn Rabah|Bilaal bin Rabaax]].&lt;ref&gt;Rabah, Bilal B. ''[[Encyclopedia of Islam]].''&lt;/ref&gt; Dadka waaweyn ee Makka waxay dareemeen in Maxamed uu [[Early social changes under Islam|khalday nidaamkooda bulsho]] isagoo ka wacdiyaya hal Ilaah oo siinaya fikrado laga shakiyo saboolka iyo addoommada sababtoo ah waxay faa'iida ka helayeen xajka sanamyada Kacbada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Ünal |first=Ali |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DyuqdDIjaswC&amp;pg=PA1323 |title=The Qurʼan with Annotated Interpretation in Modern English |publisher=Tughra Books |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-59784-000-2 |pages=1323– |access-date=7 October 2017 |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024048/https://books.google.com/books?id=DyuqdDIjaswC&amp;pg=PA1323#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Holt|Lambton|Lewis|1977|p=36}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ka dib 12 sano oo ah [[Persecution of Muslims by Meccans|dhibaataynta Muslimiinta ay u geysanayeen dadkii Makka]], Maxamed iyo [[Companions of the Prophet|sahabbadiisii]] waxay sameeyeen [[Hegira|Hijradii]] 622 ee magaalada Yathrib (magaalada Madiina ee maanta). Wuxuu halkaas ka Aasaasay [[First Islamic state|Dowladdii Islaamiga ahayd ee ugu horreysay]] oo ay la socdaan Muslimiintii Madiina (''[[Ansar (Islam)|Ansaarta]]'') iyo muhaajiriintii Makka (''[[Muhajirun|Muhaajiriinta]]''). [[Constitution of Medina|Dastuurkii Madiina]] waxaa saxiixay dhammaan qabiilooyinkii Madiina. Tani waxay aasaastay xorriyadda diinta iyo xorriyadda isticmaalka sharcigooda u gaarka ah ee ka dhex jiray bulshooyinka Muslimka ah iyo kuwa aan Muslimka ahayn hammi ah in Madiina laga difaaco khataraha dibadda.{{sfnp|Serjeant|1978|p=4}} Ciidamadii Makka iyo xulafadoodii waxay guuldarro ka soo gaartay Muslimiinta [[Battle of Badr|Dagaalkii Badar]] 624 ka dibna waxay dagaalameen dagaal aan la isla ogayn oo ka dhacay [[Battle of Uhud|Dagaalkii Uxud]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Peter Crawford |title=The War of the Three Gods: Romans, Persians and the Rise of Islam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d-oHBAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA83 |page=83 |publisher=Pen &amp; Sword Books Limited |isbn=9781473828650 |date=2013-07-16 |access-date=5 August 2022 |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023957/https://books.google.com/books?id=d-oHBAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA83 |url-status=live }}.&lt;/ref&gt; ka hor intaanay ku guuldarraysan inay hareereeyaan Madiina [[Battle of the Trench|Dagaalkii Khandaq]] (Maarso–Abriil 627). Sannadkii 628, [[Treaty of al-Hudaybiya|Heshiiskii Xudeybiya]] ayaa la kala saxiixday Makka iyo Muslimiinta, laakiin waxaajabiyay Makka laba sano ka dib. Markii qabiilo badan ay islaameen, jidadkii ganacsiga ee Makka waxaa gooyay Muslimiinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Peters|2003|pp=78–79, 194}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Lapidus|2002|pp=23–28}}&lt;/ref&gt; Markaatay ahayd 629 Maxamed wuxuu ku guuleystay [[conquest of Mecca|furashadii Makka]] ee aan dhiiggu ku daadan, iyo waqtigii uu geeriyooday 632 (da'da 62) wuxuu midaysiiyay qabiilooyinkii Carabta]] hal qaran oo diimeed.

=== Islaamkii Hore (632–750) ===
{{Further|Succession to Muhammad|Early Muslim conquests}}
{{See also|Ghadir Khumm|Saqifa|Canonization of Islamic scripture}}
[[File:Map_of_expansion_of_Caliphate.svg|thumb|Expansion of the Caliphate{{legend|#a1584e|Muhammad, 622–632}}{{legend|#ef9070|Khulafo Al-Raashidiin, 632–661}}{{legend|#fad07d|Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750}}]]
Nabi Maxamed wuxuu geeriyooday sanadkii 632 waxaana khulafadii ugu horreysay ee loo yaqaan Khulafo – Abu Bakr, Cumar, Cuthmaan, Cali iyo marmar Xasan bin Cali&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book| last1 = Melchert| first1 = Christopher| date = 2020| contribution = The Rightly Guided Caliphs: The Range of Views Preserved in Ḥadīth| editor1-last = al-Sarhan| editor1-first = Saud| title = Political Quietism in Islam: Sunni and Shi'i Practice and Thought| location = London and New York| publisher = I.B. Tauris| isbn = 978-1-83860-765-4| pages = 70–71| contribution-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=96TDDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA63| access-date = 17 February 2022| url-status = live}}&lt;/ref&gt; – looga yaqaan Islaamka Sunniga ah ''al-khulafā' ar-rāshidūn'' (&quot;Khulafadii Hagaysa&quot;).{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=40}} Qaar kamid ah qabiilooyinka ayaa Islaamka ka tagay oo ka inkiiray madax sheegtay in ay yihiin nebiyo cusub balse Abu Bakr wuxuu ku jebiyey dagaalladii Riddada.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Holt|Lewis|1977|p=57}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Hourani|2002|p=22}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Lapidus|2002|p=32}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Madelung|1996|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Ṭabāṭabāʼī|1979|pp=30–50}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bulshooyinka maxalliga ah ee Yuhuudda iyo Nasaarada asaliga ah, ee loo haystay dad laga tirada badan yahay oo diinaysan loona culeysiyay canshuuraha, ayaa inta badan ka caawiyey Muslimiinta inay qabsadaan dhulkooda,{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=38}} taasoo keentay in khilaafaddu ay si degdeg ah ugu ballaarato boqortooyooyinkii Saasaniyiinta iyo Biisantiinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Holt|Lewis|1977|p=74}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=J. Kuiper |first=Matthew |title=Da'wa: A Global History of Islamic Missionary Thought and Practice |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |year=2021 |isbn=9781351510721 |page=85}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Lapidus |first=Ira M. |title=A History of Islamic Societies |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-521-51430-9 |pages=60–61 |author-link=Ira M. Lapidus}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cuthmaan waxaa la doortay 644 waxaana dilkiisii uu kiciyey in Cali loo doorto Khaliifkii xigay. Dagaalkii Sifeyn ee Koowaad, xaaskii Nebiga, Caashaa, waxay soo saartay ciidan ka soo horjeeda Cali, iyada oo isku dayaysa inay u aarto dhimashadii Cuthmaan, balse waa lagu jabiyey Dagaalkii Geela. Cali wuxuu isku dayay inuu xilka ka qaado guddoomiyihii Suuriya, Mucaawiya, kaas oo loo arkayay musuqmaasuq. Mucaawiya ayaa markaas dagaal ku dhawaaqay Cali waana lagu jabiyey Dagaalkii Sifeyn. Go'aanka Cali ee ahaa inuu dhex-dhexaadin sameeyo ayaa ka caraysiiyey Khawaarijta, oo ahayd koox xagjir ah, kuwaas oo qabay in aan la dagaallamin qof dembiile ah awgeed, Cali uu isna noqday dembiile. Khawaarijtu way caasiyoobeen waxaana lagu jebiyey Dagaalkii Nahrawan balse nin Khawaariji ah ayaa gadaal ka dilay Cali. Wiilkiii Cali, Xasan bin Cali, ayaa loo doortay Khaliif wuxuuna saxiixay heshiis nabadeed si looga fogaado dagaal kale, isaga oo xilka uga degay Mucaawiya si uusan Mucaawiya u soo magacaabin qof beddela.{{sfnp|Holt|Lewis|1977|pp=67–72}}
[[File:Almuñécar, statue of Abd al-Rahman I.jpg|thumb|Taallo ay leedahay Cabduraxmaan I oo ku taal Almuñécar, Isbayn. Islaamku wuxuu gaaray Galbeedka Yurub 711 AD, markii Ṭariiq bin Siyaad uu galay Jasiiradda Iberia. Sanadkii 756, Cabduraxmaan wuxuu aasaasay Imaaradda Cordoba, isagoo ka aasaasay dowlad Islaami ah oo madaxbannaan al-Andalus.]]
Mucaawiya wuxuu bilaabay Saldanaddii Umawiyiinta isagoo u magacaabay wiilkiisii Yaziid inay isku xigaan, taasoo dhalisay Dagaalkii Sifeyn ee Labaad. Intii uu socday Dagaalkii Karbala, Xuseen bin Cali, wiilka labaad ee Cali iyo awowgii nebiga, waxaa si arxan darro ah u dilay ciidamadii Yaziid; dhacdadii waxaa sannad walba xusaa Muslimiinta Shiicada ah ilaa maanta. Sunniga, oo uu hoggaaminayo Ibn al-Zubayr oo kasoo horjeeda khilaafad dhaxal ah, ayaa lagaga adkaaday Go'doomintii Makka. Khilaafyadan hoggaanka ayaa keenay inuu dhasho khilaafka Sunni-Shiicada,{{sfnp|Waines|2003|p=46}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Harney |first=John |date=3 January 2016 |title=How Do Sunni and Shia Islam Differ? |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/04/world/middleeast/q-and-a-how-do-sunni-and-shia-islam-differ.html |access-date=4 January 2016 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyadoo Shiicadu ay aaminsan tahay in hoggaanku uu leeyahay qoyskii Nebiga (Ahl al-bayt).{{sfnp|Waines|2003|p=46}}
Hoggaankii Abu Bakr wuxuu kormeeray bilowgii ururinta Qur'aanka. Khaliifkii Cumar bin Cabdicasiis wuxuu dhisay guddigii, Todobadii Fuqaha ee Madiina,{{sfnp|Ismāʻīl ibn ʻUmar Ibn Kathīr|2012|p=505}}&lt;ref&gt;''Umar Ibn Abdul Aziz'' By Imam Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Abdul Hakam died 214 AH 829 C.E. Publisher Zam Zam Publishers Karachi, pp. 54–59&lt;/ref&gt; waxaana Malik bin Anas uu qoray mid ka mid ah buugagii ugu horreeyay ee ku saabsan fiiqhiga Islaamka, ''Muwatta'', oo ahayd is-afgarad ku saabsan aragtida culimadaas.{{sfnp|Coulson|1964|p=103}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |editor-last1=Houtsma |editor-first1=M.T. |editor-last2=Wensinck |editor-first2=A.J. |editor-last3=Lévi-Provençal |editor-first3=E. |editor-last4=Gibb |editor-first4=H.A.R. |editor-last5=Heffening |editor-first5=W. |series=Volume V: L—Moriscos |title=E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936 |publisher=Brill Publishers |year=1993 |edition=reprint |isbn=978-90-04-09791-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Va6oSxzojzoC |pages=207– |access-date=19 September 2021 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |editor=Moshe Sharon |title=Studies in Islamic History and Civilization: In Honour of Professor David Ayalon |year=1986 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=9789652640147 |page=264 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0_wUAAAAIAAJ&amp;pg=PA264 |access-date=20 June 2015 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Khawaarijtu waxay aaminsanaayeen in uusan jirin dhexdhexaad la tanaasuli karo oo u dhexeeya wanaagga iyo xumaanta, iyo in muslim kasta oo gala dembi weyn uu noqonayo gaal. Erayga &quot;Khawaarij&quot; waxaa sidoo kale loo adeegsaday in lagu tilmaamo ISIS.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Mamouri|first=Ali|date=8 January 2015|title=Who are the Kharijites and what do they have to do with IS?|work=Al-monitor|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2015/01/islamic-state-kjarijites-continuation.html|access-date=6 March 2022|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Murji'ah waxay barayeen in dadka toosan lagu xukumi karo Eebbe kaligii. Sidaa darteed, dembiilayaasha waxaa loo arki karaa inay marin habaabeen, laakiin aan lagu tilmaamin gaalo.{{sfnp|Blankinship|2008|p=43}} Dabeecaddan ayaa timid inay ku guulaysato caqiidada Islaamka ee ugu weyn.{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=87}}[[File:BalianofIbelin1490.jpg|thumb|Saliibiyiinta oo ku wareejinaya Qudus Muslimiinta sanadkii 1187 AD.]] Saldanaddii Umawiyiintu waxay qabsatay Maqrib, Jasiiradda Iberia, Gallia Narbonensis iyo Sindh.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first=Donald |last=Puchala |title=Theory and History in International Relations |url=https://archive.org/details/theoryhistoryini0000puch_n6c1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/theoryhistoryini0000puch_n6c1/page/137 137] |publisher=Routledge |year=2003}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duullaamadii Islaamka ee hore waxaa lagu tilmaamay imperialism Islaami ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;n050&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | last=Wright | first=Craig S | title=Arab Colonialism and the Roots of the Golden Age of Islam | journal=SSRN Electronic Journal | date=2022 | issn=1556-5068 | doi=10.2139/ssrn.4020040 | url=https://www.ssrn.com/abstract=4020040 | access-date=2026-04-24 | page=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Umawiyiintu waxay la halgamayeen l'aynaansho sharci ah waxayna ku tiirsanaayeen ciidan aad loo taageero.{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=45}} Maaddaama canshuurta Jizya ay ahayd canshuur ay bixiyaan kuwa aan muslimka ahayn oo ka reebayay adeegga ciidanka, Umawiyiintu waxay diideen inay aqoonsadaan islaam-gelitaanka kuwa aan Carabta ahayn, maadaama ay yaraynaysay dakhliga.{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=87}} Iyadoo Khilaafadii Raashidiintu ay adkaysay adduunyo la'aanta, iyadoo Cumar uu xitaa dalbanayo in la tiriyo hantida sarkaal kasta,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first1=Ahmad Ibn Jabir|last1=Al-Biladhuri |first2=Philip|last2=Hitti|title=Kitab Futuhu'l-Buldan|page=219 |publisher=AMS Press |year=1969}}&lt;/ref&gt; raaxada Umawiyiinta ayaa dhalisay qancin la'aan dadka diinta ku adag.{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=87}} Khawaarijtu waxay hoggaamiyeen Kacdoonkii Berber, taasoo horseeday dowladaha ugu horreeya ee Islaamka oo ka madax bannaan Khilaafada. Kacdoonkii Cabbasiyiinta, kuwa aan Carabta ahayn ee soo islaamay (Mawla), qabiilooyinkii Carabta ee ay Umawiyiintu meesha ka saareen, iyo qaar ka mid ah Shiicada ayaa midoobay oo riday Umawiyiinta, iyaga oo bilaabay Cabbasiyiinta oo caalami ah sanadkii 750.{{sfnp|Lewis|1993|pp=71–83}}
=== Axdigii Dahabiga Ahaa ee Islaamka (786–1258) ===
{{Further|Hadith studies|Islamic philosophy}}
{{See also|Islamic world contributions to Medieval Europe|Turco-Persian tradition}}
[[File:Al-Risalah_al-Dhahabiah.JPG|thumb|Bog ka mid ah Al-Risala al-Dhahabiyya ee Imam Ali al-Rida (809 AD), oo ah tii ugu qiimaha badnayd ee shaqooyinka Islaamka ee Sayniska Caafimaadka. Waxaa ku jira qaybo saynis sida Anatomiya, Histoloji, Fisioloji, Kimistari iyo Patoloji intii sayniska caafimaadku uu wali ahaa mid bilow ah.]]
Al-Shafi'i wuxuu dejiyay hab lagu xaqiijiyo isku-halaynta xadiiska.{{sfnp|Lapidus|2002|p=86}} Waagii hore ee Ablaasiyiinta, aqoonyahanno sida Muhammad al-Bukhari iyo Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj waxay soo ururiyeen guryaha waaweyn ee xadiiska Ahlusunna, halka aqoonyahanno sida Al-Kulayni iyo Ibn Babawayh ay soo ururiyeen guryaha waaweyn ee xadiiska Shiicada. Astaamaha afar-madhab ee Ahlusunna—Hanafi, Hanbali, Maliki, iyo Shafi'i—waxaa lagu tiiriyay dhulalka fundamentiinta ee Abū Ḥanīfa, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Malik ibn Anas iyo al-Shafi'i. Taa beddelkeeda, dhulalka fundamentiinta ee Ja'far al-Sadiq waxay dhiseen Fiqhiga Ja'fari. Qarnigii 9aad, Al-Tabari wuxuu dhameystiray qafiskii ugu horreeyay ee Tafsiirka Quraanka, Tafsir al-Tabari, oo noqday mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu xigashada badan Ahlusunna Islaamka. Doobab ka mid ah Muslinka waxay ka fekereen ka-sallamaaynta nolosha duniyeed waxayna xoogga saareen saboolnimada, is-hoosaysiinta, iyo fogaanta dambiga ee ku basada diidmada rabitaanka jidhka. Zuhuudka sida Hasan al-Basri waxay dhiirrigeliyeen dhaqdhaqaaq dib u zhugnaaday tasawwuf ama Sufi.{{sfnp|Lapidus|2002|pp=90, 91}}

Waqtigan, dhibaatooyinka fiqiga, gaar ahaan doorashada xorta ah, waxay ahaayeen kuwo si adag loo maareeyay, iyadoo Hasan al-Basri uu qabay in kasta oo Eebbe uu og yahay waxa dadku sameynayaan, wanaagga iyo xintu ay ka yimaadaan isticmaalka qaldan ee doorashada xorta ah iyo Ibliiska.{{sfnp|Blankinship|2008|pp=38-39}}{{efn|&quot;Hasan al-Basri waxaa inta badan loo tixgeliyaa mid ka mid ah dadkii ugu horreeyay ee diaday asalka malaa'igta ee ibliiska, isagoo ku doodaya in dhicitaankiisu yahay natiijada doorashadiisa xorta ah, oo ma ahan go'aanka Eebbe. Hasan al-Basri wuxuu sidoo kale ku dooday in malaa'igtu aysan awoodin dambiga ama khaladaadka oo ay ka sharaf badan yihiin aadanaha iyo xata cabsida nabiyada. Shiicada iyo Sunnida hore waxay ka soo horjeedeen ra'yigiisa.&lt;ref&gt;Omar Hamdan ''Studien zur Kanonisierung des Korantextes: al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrīs Beiträge zur Geschichte des Korans'' Otto Harrassowitz Verlag 2006 {{ISBN|978-3447053495}} pp. 291–292 (German)&lt;/ref&gt;}} Falsafada Caqliga Giriiga waxay dhiirrigelisay dugsi feker oo loo yaqaan Mu'tazila, oo si ka muuqata u dooday fikradda doorashada xorta ah ee uu bilaabay Wasil ibn Ata.{{sfnp|Blankinship|2008|p=50}} Khaliif al-Mamun wuxuu ka dhigay caqiido rasmi ah wuxuuna si aan guul lahayn ugu doortay inuu ku qasbo booskan dadka intiisa badan.{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=88}} Khaliif Al-Mu'tasim wuxuu sameeyay Mihna, iyadoo Ahmad ibn Hanbal oo ilaalinaayay dhaqanka uu si muuqata u diaday inuu waafaqo fikradda Mu'tazila ee ah in Quraanku yahay ku dhacay halkii uu ka ahaan lahaa mid weligeed ah, taas oo ka dhigtay in la jilciyo oo lagu hayo qol madow muddo ku dhow soddon bilood.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Doi |first=Abdur Rahman |title=Shariah: The Islamic Law |url=https://archive.org/details/sharahislamiclaw0000doia |location=London |publisher=Ta-Ha Publishers |year=1984 |isbn=978-0-907461-38-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/sharahislamiclaw0000doia/page/110 110]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dugsiyada kale ee Kalam—Māturīdism oo uu aasaasay Abu Mansur al-Maturidi iyo Ash'ari oo uu aasaasay Al-Ash'ari—waxay ahaayeen kuwo si ballaaran loo qaatay. Falsafadyahannada sida Al-Farabi, Avicenna iyo Averroes waxay isku deyeyeen inay waafajiyaan fikradaha Aristotle iyo fundamentiinta Islaamka, iyagoo u dhow Iskolastikada Kiristanka ee Yuubka iyo shaqada Maimonides ee Yuhuudda, halka kuwo kale sida Al-Ghazali ay ka soo horjeedeen habkan oo ugu dambeyntii guuleysteen.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Lapidus|2002|p=160}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Waines|2003|pp=126–127}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Al-Idrisi's_world_map.JPG|thumb|Tabula Rogeriana (1154 AD) ee al-Idrisi, oo ah mid ka mid ah khariidadaha dunida ee ugu horumarsanaa qarniyadii dhexe, oo la sameeyay Axdigii Dahabiga Ahaa ee Islaamka.]]
Axdigan inta badan waxaa loo yaqaan Axdigii Dahabiga Ahaa ee Islaamka.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Holt|Lewis|1977|pp=80, 92, 105}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Holt|Lambton|Lewis|1977|pp=661–663}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{harvp|Lapidus|2002|p=56}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Lewis|1993|p=84}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;harvp|Gardet|Jomier|2012&quot;&gt;{{harvp|Gardet|Jomier|2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Guulaha sayniska Islaamku waxay samaysteen qaybo badan oo maadooyin ah sida caafimaadka, xisaabta, astronomiga, iyo beeraha iyo sidoo kale fisigiska, dhaqaalaha, injineernimada iyo optigga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=King |first=David A. |year=1983 |title=The Astronomy of the Mamluks |journal=Isis |volume=74 |issue=4 |pages=531–55 |doi=10.1086/353360 |s2cid=144315162 | issn=0021-1753}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hassan-1996&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Hassan |first=Ahmad Y. |author-link=Ahmad Y. al-Hassan |title=Islam and the Challenge of Modernity |chapter=Factors Behind the Decline of Islamic Science After the Sixteenth Century |editor-last=Al-Attas |editor-first=S. S. |editor-link=Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas |location=Kuala Lumpur |publisher=International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization |year=1996 |pages=351–399 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ854295.pdf|title=Contributions of Islamic scholars to the scientific enterprise|access-date=13 December 2022|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The greatest scientific advances from the Muslim world|website=TheGuardian.com|date=February 2010|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2010/feb/01/islamic-science|access-date=13 December 2022|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Avicenna wuxuu ahaa horyaal ku saabsan caafimaadka tijaabada ah,&lt;ref&gt;Jacquart, Danielle (2008). &quot;Islamic Pharmacology in the Middle Ages: Theories and Substances&quot;. European Review (Cambridge University Press) 16: 219–227.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;David W. Tschanz, MSPH, PhD (August 2003). &quot;Arab Roots of European Medicine&quot;, Heart Views 4 (2).&lt;/ref&gt; oo The Canon of Medicine waxaa loo isticmaalay qoraal caafimaad oo heer sare ah ee dunida Islaamka iyo Yurub qarniyo. Rhazes wuxuu ahaa kii ugu horreeyay ee aqoonsaday cudurrada furfuraa iyo jadeecada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/people/alrazi.aspx|title=Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi (Rhazes) (c. 865-925)|publisher=sciencemuseum.org.uk|access-date=31 May 2015|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 Bisha Shanaad 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150506072259/http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/people/alrazi.aspx}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cisbitaallada dadweynaha ee waqtigaas waxay bixiyeen shahaadooyinka ugu horreeya ee caafimaadka si loogu ogolaado dhakhaatiirta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Alatas |first=Syed Farid |year=2006 |title=From Jami'ah to University: Multiculturalism and Christian–Muslim Dialogue |url=https://zenodo.org/record/29439 |journal=Current Sociology |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=112–132 |doi=10.1177/0011392106058837 |s2cid=144509355 |access-date=12 September 2019 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Imamuddin |first=S.M. |title=Muslim Spain 711–1492 AD |publisher=Brill Publishers |year=1981 |isbn=978-90-04-06131-6 |page=169}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ibn al-Haytham waxaa loo tixgeliyaa aabaha habka sayniska ee casriga ah iyadoo inta badan loo sheego &quot;saynisyahankii ugu horreeyay ee runta ah ee dunida&quot;, gaar ahaan shaqadiisa optigga.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-link=Gerald J. Toomer|first=G. J. |last=Toomer |jstor=228328 |title=Review Work: Matthias Schramm (1963) ''Ibn Al-Haythams Weg zur Physik'' |journal=Isis |volume=55 |issue=4 |date=Dec 1964 |page=464 |quote=Schramm sums up [Ibn Al-Haytham's] achievement in the development of scientific method.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Al-Khalili |first=Jim |date=4 January 2009 |title=The 'first true scientist' |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7810846.stm |access-date=24 September 2013 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Gorini |first=Rosanna |date=October 2003 |title=Al-Haytham the man of experience. First steps in the science of vision |journal=Journal of the International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=53–55 |url=http://www.ishim.net/ishimj/4/10.pdf |access-date=25 September 2008 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Injineernimada, walaalaha Banū Mūsā aaladdooda turumbada tooska ah waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay ahaan lahayd mashinkii ugu horreeyay ee la barnamijayn karo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Koetsier |first1=Teun |title=On the prehistory of programmable machines: musical automata, looms, calculators |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_mechanism-and-machine-theory_2001-05_36_5/page/589 |journal=Mechanism and Machine Theory |date=May 2001 |volume=36 |issue=5 |pages=589–603 |doi=10.1016/S0094-114X(01)00005-2 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Xisaabta Islaamka, fikradda algorithm waxaa lagu magacaabay Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi, oo loo tixgeliyo aasaasaha aljabra, oo lagu magacaabay buugiisa al-jabr, halka kuwo kale ay soo saareen fikradda shaqada (function).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Katz |first1=Victor J. |author1-link=Victor J. Katz |last2=Barton |first2=Bill |title=Stages in the History of Algebra with Implications for Teaching |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_educational-studies-in-mathematics_2007-10_66_2/page/185 |journal=Educational Studies in Mathematics |date=18 September 2007 |volume=66 |issue=2 |pages=185–201 |doi=10.1007/s10649-006-9023-7 |s2cid=120363574 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Dowladda waxay siin jirtay saynisyahannada mushahar u dhigma mushaharka ciyaartoyda xirfadleyda ah ee maanta.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Ahmed|2006|pp=23, 42, 84}}&lt;/ref&gt; Guinness World Records wuxuu u aqoonsan yahay Jaamacadda Al Karaouine, oo la aasaasay 859, inay tahay jaamacadda ugu qadiimsan ee bixisa shahaadooyinka dunida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Young |first=Mark |url=https://archive.org/details/guinnessbookofwo1998newy |title=The Guinness Book of Records |year=1998 |page=242 |publisher=Bantam |isbn=978-0-553-57895-9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dad badan oo aan Muslin ahayn, sida Kiristanka, Yuhuudda iyo Saabi'iinta,&lt;ref name=&quot;Brague 2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book|title=The Legend of the Middle Ages: Philosophical Explorations of Medieval Christianity, Judaism, and Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/legendofmiddleag0000brag|first=Rémi |last=Brague|year= 2009| isbn=9780226070803| page =[https://archive.org/details/legendofmiddleag0000brag/page/164 164]|publisher=University of Chicago Press|quote=Neither were there any Muslims among the Ninth-Century translators. Almost all of them were Christians of various Eastern denominations: Jacobites, Melchites, and, above all, Nestorians... A few others were Sabians.}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxay guntadeen ilbaxnimada Islaamka qaybo meelaha ah,&lt;ref name=&quot;Hill-1993&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Hill |first=Donald |author-link=Donald Routledge Hill |title=Islamic Science and Engineering |url=https://archive.org/details/islamicscienceen0000hill |location=Edinburgh |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |year=1993 |page=[https://archive.org/details/islamicscienceen0000hill/page/4 4] |isbn=0-7486-0455-3 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Brague-Assyrians&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Brague |first=Rémi |author-link=Rémi Brague |title=Assyrians contributions to the Islamic civilization |url=http://www.christiansofiraq.com/assyriancontributionstotheislamiccivilization.htm |website=Christians of Iraq |access-date=2026-03-20 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo machadka loo yaqaan Bayt al-Hikma wuxuu u shaqaaleysiiyay aqoonyahanno Kiristan iyo Faarisi ah si ay ugu turjumaan shaqooyinka luqadda Carabiga iyo si ay u soosaaraan aqoon cusub.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meri-Bacharach-2006&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last1=Meri |editor-first1=Josef W. |editor-link1=Josef W. Meri |editor-last2=Bacharach |editor-first2=Jere L. |editor-link2=Jere L. Bacharach |title=Hadith |encyclopedia=Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia |volume=1 |location=New York |publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis |year=2006 |page=304 |isbn=978-0415966917 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MypbfKdMePIC&amp;pg=PA304 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Saliba-1994&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Saliba |first=George |author-link=George Saliba |title=A History of Arabic Astronomy: Planetary Theories During the Golden Age of Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofarabica0000sali |location=New York |publisher=New York University Press |year=1994 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofarabica0000sali/page/245 245], 250, 256–57 |isbn=0-8147-8023-7 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Cheshm manuscript.jpg|thumb|Anatomiya ee isha oo uu samaystay Hunayn ibn Ishaq, oo mas'uul ka ahaa turjumida Bayt al-Hikma waagii Boqortooyada Ablaasiyiinta, 1200 AD.]]Askartu waxay ka go'een boqortooyadii Ablaasiyiinta waxayna dhiseen khilaafadooda propriyada ah, sida Tulunids oo 868 ku tirsanaa Masar&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Holt|first=Peter Malcolm|author-link=Peter Holt (historian)|title=The Crusader States and Their Neighbours, 1098–1291|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0qLHVGgH7AC&amp;pg=PA8|year=2004|publisher=Pearson Longman|isbn=978-0-582-36931-3|page=6|access-date=2 February 2023|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo boqortooyada Ghaznavid oo 977 ku tirsanaa Aasiyada Dhexe.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=Islamic Central Asia: an anthology of historical sources |editor-first1=Scott Cameron |editor-last1=Levi |editor-first2=Ron |editor-last2=Sela |publisher=Indiana University Press |year=2010 |page=83}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qaybsanaantan waxay keentay Qarnigii Shiicada, oo u dhaxeeyay 945 iyo 1055, oo la arkay kor u kaca dhaqdhaqaaqa Isma'ili Shiicada. Koox Isma'ili ah, boqortooyada Fatimid, waxay gacanta ku dhigeen Waqooyiga Afrika qarnigii 10aad&lt;ref&gt;Neue Fischer Weltgeschichte &quot;Islamisierung in Zentralasien bis zur Mongolenzeit&quot; Band 10: Zentralasien, 2012, p. 191 (German)&lt;/ref&gt; iyo koox kale oo Isma'ili ah, Qarmatians, waxay boobeen Makka waxayna xadeen Hajar al-Aswad, oo ah dhagaxa ku dhex jira Kacbada, dib-u-jabayntooda aan guulaysan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia |last=Glubb |first=John Bagot |title=Mecca (Saudi Arabia) |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mecca#ref887188 |access-date=18 September 2021 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Koox kale oo Isma'ili ah, boqortooyada Buyid, waxay qabsadeen Baqdaad waxayna ka dhigeen Ablaasiyiinta boqortooyo magac ah oo kaliya. Boqortooyada Seljuk ee Ahlusunna waxay u dhaqaaqday inay mar kale adkayso Islaamka Ahlusunna iyagoo faafinayay ra'yiyada aqoonyahanada waqtigaas, gaar ahaan dhisidda machadyada waxbarashada ee loo yaqaan Nizamiyyas, oo la xiriira al-Ghazali iyo Saadi Shirazi.&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Graeser ''Zenon von Kition: Positionen u. Probleme'' Walter de Gruyter 1975 {{ISBN|978-3-11-004673-1}} p. 260&lt;/ref&gt; Faaftada dunida Muslinka waxay sii socotay iyadoo ergooyinka diinta ay u badaleen Volga Bulgaria Islaamka. Sultanada Delhi waxay gaadhay gudaha qaarad-hoosaadka Hindiya oo kuwo badan ayaa u badalay Islaamka,{{sfnp|Arnold|1896|pp=227–228}} gaar ahaan Hinduga heerka hoose ee faracoodu ka kooban yahay inta badan Muslinka Hindiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-36220329|title=Why are many Indian Muslims seen as untouchable?|publisher=BBCnews|date=10 May 2016|access-date=6 October 2022|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ganacsigu wuxuu keenay Muslin badan oo Shiinaha ah, halkaas oo ay si buuxda u xukumi jireen warshadaha soo dejinta iyo ka deerinta ee boqortooyada Song.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Islam in China |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/china_1.shtml |access-date=10 August 2011 |publisher=BBC |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Muslinka waxaa loo qortay maamulayaal la doortay oo heer sare ah boqortooyada Yuan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lipman|first=Jonathan Newman|title=Familiar Strangers, a history of Muslims in Northwest China|url=https://archive.org/details/familiarstranger0000lipm|location=Seattle, WA|publisher=University of Washington Press|year=1997|isbn=978-0-295-97644-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/familiarstranger0000lipm/page/33 33]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== Casrigii Ka-horreeyay Casriga Cusub (1258 – Qarnigii 18aad) ===
{{Further|Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam}}
[[File:GhazanConversionToIslam.JPG|thumb|Muuqaal qarnigii 14aad ee Ghazan, oo ahaa boqorkii 7aad ee Ilkhanate ee Boqortooyada Mongol, oo Islaamay.]]
Pobalka ganacsiga Muslinka iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa tariiqooyinka Sufida dhiigooda,{{sfnp|Arnold|1896|pp=125–258}} Islaamku wuxuu ku faafay dhulal cusub&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The Spread of Islam |url=http://www.yale.edu/yup/pdf/cim6.pdf |access-date=2 November 2013 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Muslinkuna waxay la dhex-galeen dhaqammo cusub. Hoos kaga jirtay Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta, Islaamku wuxuu ku faafay Koonfur-bari Yuuroop.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=6 May 2008 |title=Ottoman Empire |publisher=Oxford Islamic Studies Online |url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e1801?_hi=41&amp;_pos=3 |access-date=26 August 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 Bisha Shanaad 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525072847/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e1801?_hi=41&amp;_pos=3 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Islaamidda inta badan waxay lahayd heer sinkretisam ah,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Islamic and European Expansion |url=https://archive.org/details/islamiceuropeane00adas |publisher=Temple University Press |year=1993 |editor-last=Adas |editor-first=Michael |location=Philadelphia |page=[https://archive.org/details/islamiceuropeane00adas/page/25 25]}}&lt;/ref&gt; sida uu muujinayo muuqaalka Muhammad ee suugaanta dadweynaha ee Hinduga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Metcalf |first=Barbara |title=Islam in South Asia in Practice |url=https://archive.org/details/islaminsouthasia0000unse |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2009 |page=[https://archive.org/details/islaminsouthasia0000unse/page/104 104]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Turkida Muslinka ah waxay ku dareen walxaha caqiidada Shamanisamka Turkida Islaamka.{{efn|&quot;Sannadaha dhow, fikradda sinkretisamka waa la dhuftay. Maaddaama ay maqan tahay awood lagu go'aamiyo ama lagu tixgeliyo caqiidada Ortodokska ee ku saabsan Islaamka, aqoonyahannada qaarkood waxay ku doodayaan inaysan jirin caqiidooyinka la qresheeyay, oo kaliya ee la amray habka, Islaamka ka hor qarnigii 16aad.{{sfnp|Peacock|2019|p=20–22}}}}{{sfnp|Çakmak|2017|pp=1425–1429}} Muslinka ku jira Boqortooyada Ming ee Shiinaha oo ka soo jeeda soo-galootigii hore waa la la-dhex-galay, mararka qaar shuruuc ku dhiirrigelisa dhex-galka,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|editor1-last=Farmer|editor1-first=Edward L.|title=Zhu Yuanzhang and Early Ming Legislation: The Reordering of Chinese Society Following the Era of Mongol Rule|date=1995|publisher=BRILL|isbn=9004103910|page=82|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TCIjZ7l6TX8C&amp;pg=PA82|access-date=19 February 2023|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyagoo qaatay magacyada Shiinaha iyo dhaqanka halka Nanjing uu noqday xarun muhiim ah ee barashada Islaamka.&lt;ref&gt;Israeli, Raphael (2002). ''Islam in China''. p. 292. Lexington Books. {{ISBN|0-7391-0375-X}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Dillon |first=Michael |year=1999 |title=China's Muslim Hui Community |publisher=Curzon |url=https://archive.org/details/chinasmuslimhuic00dill |isbn=978-0-7007-1026-3 |page=37 |url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ndhex-galka dhaqanka wuxuu ahaay mid muuqda iyadoo la yaraysay saamaynta Carabta ka dib burburintii Mongol ee Khilafadii Ablaasiyiinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Bulliet|2005|p=497}}&lt;/ref&gt; Khanates-ka Mongol ee Muslinka ah ee ku jira Iiraan iyo Aasiyada Dhexe waxay ka faa'iideysteen kordhinta helitaanka dhaqammada ee Bariga Aasiya oo hoos jirtay xukunkii Mongol sidaas darteed waxay u horumareen oo ay u samaysteen si ka duwan saamaynta Carabta, sida Dib-u-dhalashadii Timurid oo hoos jirtay boqortooyada Timurid.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Subtelny |first=Maria Eva |date=November 1988 |title=Socioeconomic Bases of Cultural Patronage under the Later Timurids |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-middle-east-studies/article/socioeconomic-bases-of-cultural-patronage-under-the-later-timurids/2A0F3018EE155F23FC4A7F5F25D7DE6D |journal=International Journal of Middle East Studies |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=479–505 |doi=10.1017/S0020743800053861 |s2cid=162411014 |access-date=7 November 2016 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274) wuxuu soo bandhigay qaabka xisaabta oo ka dib loo dooday inuu qaatay Copernicus isagoo aan waxba ka badalin qaabkiisa heliocentric-ka,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=1999|title=Nasir al-Din al-Tusi|publisher=University of St Andrews|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Tusi_Nasir/|access-date=27 August 2023|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo qiyaasta pi ee Jamshīd al-Kāshī ma aysan dhaafin 180 sano.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=1999 |title=Ghiyath al-Din Jamshid Mas'ud al-Kashi |publisher=University of St Andrews |url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Kashi/ |access-date=29 December 2021 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Zonaro_GatesofConst.jpg|thumb|Mehmed II oo galaya Constantinople.]]
Ka dib markii la soo bandhigay hubka baaruda, dawlado waaweyn oo dhawaan xabbada lahaa oo Muslin ah ayaa ku bashqaday boqortooyoyinka baaruda, kuwaas oo hore u kala qaybsanaay dhulal kala duwan. Khilafada waxaa sheegtay boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta ee Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta iyadoo sheegashadooda la adkeeyay 1517 markii Selim I uu noqday taliyaha Makka iyo Madiina.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Drews |first=Robert |url=https://my.vanderbilt.edu/robertdrews/publications/ |title=Coursebook: Judaism, Christianity and Islam, to the Beginnings of Modern Civilization |date=August 2011 |publisher=Vanderbilt University |chapter=Chapter Thirty – &quot;The Ottoman Empire, Judaism, and Eastern Europe to 1648&quot; |chapter-url=https://my.vanderbilt.edu/robertdrews/files/2014/01/Chapter-Thirty.-The-Ottoman-Empire-Judaism-and-Eastern-Europe-to-1648.pdf |access-date=21 April 2020 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Boqortooyada Shiicada ee Safavid waxay ku korortay awoodda 1501 ka dibna waxay qabsatay dhammaan Iiraan.&lt;ref&gt;Peter B. Golden: An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples; In: Osman Karatay, Ankara 2002, p. 321&lt;/ref&gt; Koonfurta Aasiya, Babur wuxuu aasaasay Boqortooyada Mughal.&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|last=Gilbert|first=Marc Jason|title=South Asia in World History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1dhKDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA75|year=2017|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-066137-3|pages=75|access-date=15 January 2023|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Diinta dawladaha ku dhex-jira ee boqortooyoyinka baaruda waxay saamaysay dhaqanka diimeed ee dadkooda ku dhex-jira. Wada-noolaanshaha u dhexeeya taliyayaasha Cusmaaniyiinta iyo Sufinimada wuxuu si adag u saameeyay xukunkii Islaamka ee Cusmaaniyiinta tan iyo bilowgii. Tariiqada Mevlevi iyo Bektashis waxay lahaayeen xiriir dhow oo ay la lahaayeen sultannada,&lt;ref&gt;Ga ́bor A ́goston, Bruce Alan Masters ''Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire'' Infobase Publishing 2010 {{ISBN|978-1-4381-1025-7}} p. 540&lt;/ref&gt; maaddaama noocyada Sufi-suufiyada ah iyo kuwo kale oo sinkretik ah ee Islaamka ay u horumareen si muuqata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Algar |first=Ayla Esen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fc69BhBDjhwC&amp;q=ottomans+sufism |title=The Dervish Lodge: Architecture, Art, and Sufism in Ottoman Turkey |page=15 |date=1 January 1992 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-07060-8 |access-date=29 April 2020 |via=Google Books |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Badanaa qasabka dhex-galka Safavid ee Iiraan ee Islaamka Shiicada ee Labada-iyo-tobanlaha ee Boqortooyada Safavid wuxuu xaqiijiyay xukunkii dambe ee Labada-iyo-tobanlaha dhexdiisa Islaamka Shiicada. Soo-galootiga Faarisiga ah ee Koonfurta Aasiya, maaddaama ay ahaayeen maamulayaal saamayntooda leh iyo milkiilayaal dhul, waxay caawiyeen faafinta Islaamka Shiicada, iyagoo dhisay qaar ka mid ah dadka ugu waaweyn ee Shiicada ee ka baxsan Iiraan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/conversion-iii|title=CONVERSION To Imami Shiʿism in India|publisher=Iranica Online|language=English|access-date=6 October 2022|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nader Shah, oo riday Safavids, wuxuu isku deyey inuu wanaajiyo xiriirka Ahlusunna ee Cusmaaniyiinta iyadoo la faafinayo dhex-galka Islaamka Shiicada ee Labada-iyo-tobanlaha dhexdiisa Islaamka Ahlusunna sida madhabka shanaad, oo loo yaqaan Ja'farism,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Nadir Shah and the Ja 'fari Madhhab Reconsidered |first=Ernest |last=Tucker |journal=Iranian Studies |volume=27 |issue=1–4 |date=1994 |pages=163–179 |doi=10.1080/00210869408701825 |jstor=4310891}}&lt;/ref&gt; oo ku dhiirran waayay inuu helo aqoonsi ka soo baxa Cusmaaniyiinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Nāder Shāh |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/nader-shah |date=29 March 2006 |first=Ernest |last=Tucker |access-date=9 March 2021 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Casrigii Casriga Ahaa (Qarniyadii 18aad–20aad) ===
[[File:Portrait Caliph Abdulmecid II.jpg|thumb|Sawirka Khaliifkii ugu dambeeyay Abdülmecid II, ee Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta, 1923.]]

Horey qarnigii 14aad, Ibn Taymiyya wuxuu dhiirrigeliyay qaab daahir ah oo Islaamka ah, isagoo diaday hababka falsafada si uu u doorbido fiqhiga fudud,&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;&gt;Mary Hawkesworth, Maurice Kogan ''Encyclopedia of Government and Politics: 2-volume set'' Routledge 2013 {{ISBN|978-1-136-91332-7}} pp. 270–271&lt;/ref&gt; wuxuuna ugu baaqay in loo furo albaabada ijtihadka halkii indho la'aan loogu dayan lahaa aqoonyahannada.{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=150}} Wuxuu ugu baaqay jihad ka dhan ah kuwa uu u tixgeliyay gaalo,{{Refn|group=note|Richard Gauvain ''Salafi Ritual Purity: In the Presence of God'' Routledge 2013 {{ISBN|978-0-7103-1356-0}} p. 6}} laakiin qoraalladiisu waxay lahaayeen oo kaliya doorkii ugu yaraa intii uu babacayay.{{Refn|group=note|Spevack, Aaron (2014). The Archetypal Sunni Scholar: Law, Theology, and Mysticism in the Synthesis of al-Bajuri. SUNY Press. pp. 129–130.}} Qarnigii 18aad ee Carabiya, Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab, oo ay saameeyeen shaqooyinka Ibn Taymiyya iyo Ibn al-Qayyim, wuxuu aasaasay dhaqdhaqaaq loo yaqaan Wahhabism si loo laabto waxa uu u arkay Islaamka aan la badalin.&lt;ref&gt;Donald Quataert ''The Ottoman Empire, 1700–1922'' Cambridge University Press 2005 {{ISBN|978-0-521-83910-5}} p. 50&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu cambaareeyay caadooyinka badan ee maxalliga ah ee Islaamka, sida bisitaynta qabriga Muhammad ama Imamyada Shiicada, maaddaama ay yihiin bidco cusub iyo dambi&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceE&quot;&gt;Ga ́bor A ́goston, Bruce Alan Masters ''Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire'' Infobase Publishing 2010 {{ISBN|978-1-4381-1025-7}} p. 260&lt;/ref&gt; wuxuuna burburiyay dhagaxyada iyo geedaha xurmada leh, goobaha Sufida, Qabuuraha al-Baqi, qabuuraha Muhammad iyo asxaabtiisa iyo Qabriga Imam Husayn, oo ah goob muhiim ah oo loo bisiteeyo Shiicada.{{Refn|group=note|Graves desecrated in Mizdah, Libya Herald, 2013}}{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=146}} Wuxuu dhisay isbahaysi uu la leeyahay qoyska Saud, oo marka la joogo 1920-yadii ay dhammaystireen qabsashadooda dhulka noqon doona Sacuudi Carabiya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Musa-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite thesis |title=The Emergence of a Scholar from a Garrison Society: A contextual analysis of Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhāb's doctrine in the light of the Qur'ān and Hadīth |url=https://repository.uwtsd.ac.uk/id/eprint/2096/ |publisher=University of Wales Trinity Saint David |date=2022-08-23 |degree=masters |language=en |first=Shahajada Md |last=Musa |access-date=19 December 2023 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Nicolas Laos ''The Metaphysics of World Order: A Synthesis of Philosophy, Theology, and Politics'' Wipf and Stock Publishers 2015 {{ISBN|978-1-4982-0102-5}} p. 177&lt;/ref&gt; Ma Wanfu iyo Ma Debao waxay dhiirrigeliyeen dhaqdhaqaaqa salafida qarnigii 19aad sida Sailaifengye ee Shiinaha ka dib markii ay ka soo laabteen Makka laakiin ugu dambeyntii waxaa dhibay oo lagu qasbay inay dhuuntaan kooxaha Sufida.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first=Barry M.|last=Rubin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wEih57-GWQQC&amp;pg=PA79|page=79|title=Guide to Islamist Movements|year=2000|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|isbn=0-7656-1747-1|access-date=28 June 2010|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kooxaha kale waxay isku deyeyeen inay dib u habayn ku samayso Sufinimada halkii ay ka diadi lahaayeen, iyagoo Senusiyya iyo Muhammad Ahmad ay labadooduba dagaallameen oo ay dhiseen dawlado ku kala yaalla Liibiya iyo Sudaan.{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=147}} Hindiya, Shah Waliullah Dehlawi wuxuu isku deyey qaab dib u heshiisiin ah oo ka dhan ah Sufinimada wuxuuna saameeyay dhaqdhaqaaqa Deobandi.{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=149}} Jawaab ka dhan ah dhaqdhaqaaqa Deobandi, dhaqdhaqaaqa Barelwi waxaa loo aasaasay sida dhaqdhaqaaq dadweyne, iyadoo la difaacaayay Sufinimada caanka ah oo la dib u habaynayay dhaqankeeda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Robert L. Canfield |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g3JhKNSk8tQC&amp;pg=PAPA131 |title=Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective |date=2002 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-52291-5 |pages=131– |access-date=1 December 2018 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Sanyal |first=Usha |date=23 July 1998 |title=Generational Changes in the Leadership of the Ahl-e Sunnat Movement in North India during the twentieth Century |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/modern-asian-studies/article/generational-changes-in-the-leadership-of-the-ahle-sunnat-movement-in-north-india-during-the-twentieth-century/8AAAC4CFEFC4F4084731C3964A5CAE84 |journal=Modern Asian Studies |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=635–656 |doi=10.1017/S0026749X98003059 |via=Cambridge Core |access-date=23 February 2020 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Interior of Al Aqsa Mosque Jerusalem. 1900-1910 (id.22715311).jpg|thumb|Sannadkii 1969 Dabka Masjidka Al-Aqsa, oo sidoo cuali burburiyay Minbarkii Saladin, wuxuu keenay ver-xaasidnimo taabtay dunida Muslinka wuxuuna ahaa kicin muhiim ah oo loo aasaasay Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka.]]
Dunida Muslinka waxay guud ahaan ku jirtay hoos u dhac siyaasadeed markii ay bilaabatay 1800-yadii, gaar ahaan marka la barbardhigo awoodaha Yuuroop ee aan Muslinka ahayn. Horey, qarnigii 15aad, Reconquista waxay ku guuleysatay inay dhameeyo joogitaanka Muslinka ee Iberia. Marka la joogo qarnigii 19aad, British East India Company waxay si rasmi ah u qabsatay boqortooyada Mughal ee Hindiya.{{sfnp|Lapidus|2002|pp=358, 378–380, 624}} Sida jawaab ka dhan ah Imperialisamka Reer Galbeedka, aqoonyahanno badan waxay isku deyeyeen inay dib u habayn ku samayso Islaamka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last=Buzpinar |first=Ş. Tufan |date=March 2007 |title=Celal Nuri's Concepts of Westernization and Religion |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_middle-eastern-studies_2007-03_43_2/page/247 |journal=Middle Eastern Studies |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=247–258 |doi=10.1080/00263200601114091 |jstor=4284539|s2cid=144461915 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Casriyeynta Islaamka, oo markii hore loo bixiyay aqoonyahannada Reer Galbeedka sida Salafiyya, waxay soo dhoweysay qiimayaasha casriga ah iyo machadyada sida demokaraasiyada iyadoo la raacaayo qoraallada diinta. Hogaamiyayaasha muhiimka ah ee dhaqdhaqaaqa waxaa ka mid ah Muhammad 'Abduh iyo Jamal al-Din al-Afghani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lauziere|first=Henri|title=The Making of Salafism: Islamic Reform in the Twentieth Century|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=2016|isbn=978-0-231-17550-0|location=New York, Chichester, West Sussex|pages=231–232}}&lt;/ref&gt; Abul A'la Maududi wuxuu caawiyay saamaynta Islaamka siyaasadeed ee casriga ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=3 January 2014 |title=Political Islam: A movement in motion |work=Economist Magazine |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/erasmus/2014/01/political-islam |access-date=1 January 2014 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=Wilfred Cantwell |title=Islam in Modern History |url=https://archive.org/details/islaminmodernhis0000smit_l6u5 |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=1957 |isbn=0-691-03030-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/islaminmodernhis0000smit_l6u5/page/233 233] |author-link=Wilfred Cantwell Smith}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sida ku dhow qaanuunka casriga ah, shariicada markii ugu horreysay ayaa qayb ahaan loo qoray shaqo ahaan sannadkii 1869 ku dhex-jirtay koodka Mecelle ee Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta. Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta waxay dissilftay ka dib Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Dunida, Khilafadii Cusmaaniyiinta waa la joojiyay 1924&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=29 June – 5 July 2000 |title=New Turkey |work=Al-Ahram Weekly |issue=488 |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2000/488/chrncls.htm |url-status=dead |access-date=16 May 2010 |archive-date=4 Bisha Tobnaad 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101004145229/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2000/488/chrncls.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo Khilafadii Sharifian ee ka dib waxay u dhacday si doob ah,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last1=الوطن |first1=جريدة |last2=webmaster |date=2020-05-05 |title=&quot;مملكة الحجاز&quot;.. وقــصـــة الـغــزو المـســلّـــح |url=https://www.al-watan.com/article/230610/NEWS/%C2%AB%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%C2%BB-%D9%88%D9%82%D9%80%D9%80%D8%B5%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%80%D8%BA%D9%80%D9%80%D8%B2%D9%88-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%80%D8%B3%D9%80%D9%80%D9%84%D9%91%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D8%AD |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=جريدة الوطن |language=ar |url-status=dead |archive-date=2023-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516230552/https://www.al-watan.com/article/230610/NEWS/%C2%AB%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%C2%BB-%D9%88%D9%82%D9%80%D9%80%D8%B5%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%80%D8%BA%D9%80%D9%80%D8%B2%D9%88-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%80%D8%B3%D9%80%D9%80%D9%84%D9%91%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D8%AD }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Bani Issa |first=Mohammad Saleh |date=2023-11-01 |title=Factors of stability and sustainable development in Jordan in its first centenary 1921–2021 (an analytical descriptive study) |journal=Heliyon |volume=9 |issue=11 |article-number=e20993 |doi=10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20993 |issn=2405-8440 |doi-access=free|pmid=37928029 |pmc=10623165 |bibcode=2023Heliy...920993B }}&lt;/ref&gt; sidaas darteed iyadoo ka tagaysa Islaamka oo aan lahayn Khaliif.&lt;ref name=&quot;والخلفاء-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=والخلفاء |first=قصص الخلافة الإسلامية |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_r-5EAAAQBAJ |title=قصص الخلافة الإسلامية والخلفاء |date=2023-03-31 |publisher=Austin Macauley Publishers |isbn=978-1-3984-9251-6 |language=en |access-date=26 December 2023 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Taageerayaasha Mideynta Islaamka waxay isku deyeyeen inay mideeyaan Muslinka waxayna tartan la galeen awoodaha qarannimada ee korayay, sida Pan-Arabisamka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Doran |first=Michael |title=Pan-Arabism before Nasser: Egyptian power politics and the Palestine question |url=https://archive.org/details/panarabismbefore00dora |date=1999 |publisher=Oxford university press |isbn=978-0-19-512361-6 |series=Studies in Middle Eastern history |location=New York Oxford}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Landau |first=Yaʿaqov M. |title=The politics of Pan-Islam: ideology and organization |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsofpanisl0000land |date=1994 |publisher=Clarendon Press |isbn=978-0-19-827709-5 |edition=[Rev. and updated] paperback (with additions and corr.) |location=Oxford}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka (OIC), oo ka kooban waddamada Muslinka ah, waxaa la aasaasay 1969 ka dib gubiddii Masjidka Al-Aqsa ee Qudus.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=26 December 2010 |title=Organization of the Islamic Conference |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/country_profiles/1555062.stm |access-date=24 September 2013 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Xiriirka la la leeyahay waddamada warshadaha leh wuxuu keenay dadka Muslinka ah dhulal cusub iyada oo loo marayo u-guuritaanka dhaqaalaha. Muslin badan ayaa u guuray sida shaqaale heshiis ku jooga (u badan oo ka yimid Hindiya iyo Indoneesiya) Karibiyaanka, iyagoo dhisay dadka ugu waaweyn ee Muslinka ah inta la joogo boqolkiiba ee Ameerika.&lt;ref&gt;{{sfnp|Haddad|Smith|2002|p=271}}&lt;/ref&gt; U-guuritaanka ka yimid Siiriya iyo Lubnaan wuxuu ku soo kordhiyay dadka Muslinka ah ee Laatiin Ameerika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Zabel|first=Darcy|title=Arabs in the Americas: Interdisciplinary Essays on the Arab Diaspora|url=https://archive.org/details/arabsinamericasi0000unse|publisher=Peter Lang|year=2006|isbn=9780820481111|location=Austria|page=[https://archive.org/details/arabsinamericasi0000unse/page/5 5]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Natiijadii magaalooyinka iyo kordhinta ganacsiga ee Afrika ka hooseysa Saxara waxay keentay Muslinka inay degaan dhulal cusub oo ay faafiyaan diintooda, iyadoo lagu qiyaasay inay laba-laabatay dadkeeda Muslinka ah u dhaxeysa 1869 iyo 1914.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Bulliet|2005|p=722}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== Casrigii ee Horumarsanaa (Qarnigii 20aad–Ilaa Hada) ===
[[File:13. Session of the Islamic Summit Conference.jpg|thumb|Hoggaamiyeyaasha dalalka Islaamka intii uu socday kalfadhigii 2016 ee Shirka Iskaashiga Islaamka ee Istambul, Turkiga. Trikiiba saddex sano, OIC waxay isku brings dhammaan hoggaamiyeyaasha Muslinka.|upright=1.35]]
Aabbayaashii casriyeynta Islaamka waxay saameeyeen dhaqdhaqaaqyada siyaasadda Islaamka sida Ikhwaanul Muslimeen iyo xisbiyada la xiriira ee dunida Carabta,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=9 August 2011 |title=Are secular forces being squeezed out of Arab Spring? |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14447820 |access-date=10 August 2011 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Slackman |first=Michael |date=23 December 2008 |title=Jordanian students rebel, embracing conservative Islam |work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/24/world/middleeast/24jordan.html |access-date=15 August 2011 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; kuwaas oo si wanaagsan uga dhex muuqday doorashooyinkii ka dambeeyay Guudkii Carabta,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Kirkpatrick |first=David D. |date=3 December 2011 |title=Egypt's vote puts emphasis on split over religious rule |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/04/world/middleeast/egypts-vote-propels-islamic-law-into-spotlight.html |access-date=8 December 2011 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Jamaat-e-Islami ee Koonfurta Aasiya iyo Xisbiga Caddaaladda iyo Horumarinta (AK Party), oo si kemokaraasi ah xukuma Turkiga tobanaan sano. Iiraan, Kacdoonkii Iiraan wuxuu beddelay boqortooyadii laimaaniyadda ee Reer Galbeedku taageerayay iyadoo la dhisay Jamhuuriyadda Islaamiga ah. Kuwa kale sida Sayyid Rashid Rida waxay ka go'een casriyeeyayaasha Islaamka&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lauziere|first=Henri|title=The Making of Salafism: Islamic Reform in the Twentieth Century|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=2016|isbn=978-0-231-17550-0|location=New York, Chichester, West Sussex|page=237|quote=&quot;Prior to the fall of the Ottoman Empire, leading reformers who happened to be Salafi in creed were surprisingly open-minded: although they adhered to neo-Hanbali theology. However, the aftermath of the First World War and the expansion of European colonialism paved the way for a series of shifts in thought and attitude. The experiences of Rida offer many examples... he turned against the Shi'is who dared, with reason, to express doubts about the Saudi-Wahhabi project... . Shi'is were not the only victims: Rida and his associates showed their readiness to turn against fellow Salafis who questioned some of the Wahhabis' religious interpretations.&quot;}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxayna ka hortageen soo dhowaynta waxa uu u arkayay saamaynta Reer Galbeedka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=G. Rabil|first=Robert|title=Salafism in Lebanon: From Apoliticism to Transnational Jihadism|url=https://archive.org/details/salafisminlebano0000rabi|publisher=Georgetown University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-1-62616-116-0|location=Washington DC, US|pages=[https://archive.org/details/salafisminlebano0000rabi/page/n47 32]–33|quote=&quot;Western colonialists established in these countries political orders... that, even though not professing enmity to Islam and its institutions, left no role for Islam in society. This caused a crisis among Muslim reformists, who felt betrayed not only by the West but also by those nationalists, many of whom were brought to power by the West...  Nothing reflects this crisis more than the ideological transformation of Rashid Rida (1865–1935)... He also revived the works of Ibn Taymiyah by publishing his writings and promoting his ideas. Subsequently, taking note of the cataclysmic events brought about by Western policies in the Muslim world and shocked by the abolition of the caliphate, he transformed into a Muslim intellectual mostly concerned about protecting Muslim culture, identity, and politics from Western influence. He supported a theory that essentially emphasized the necessity of an Islamic state in which the scholars of Islam would have a leading role... Rida was a forerunner of Islamist thought. He apparently intended to provide a theoretical platform for a modern Islamic state. His ideas were later incorporated into the works of Islamic scholars. Significantly, his ideas influenced none other than Hassan al-Bannah, founder of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt... The Muslim Brethren have taken up Rida's Islamic fundamentalism, a right-wing radical movement founded in 1928,..&quot;}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kooxda ISIS waxay xitaa isku deyday inay dib u samayso diinaarkii dahabka ahaa ee casriga ahaa si uu u noqdo pambakooda lacagta. Halka kuwii ka go'ay ay qaarkood ahaayeen kuwa ka gaabsada siyaasadda, kuwo kale waxay rumechsanaayeen dhibaataynta kuwa ka soo horjeeda, xitaa Muslinka kale.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/14/isis-gold-silver-copper-islamic-dinar-coins |title=Isis to mint own Islamic dinar coins in gold, silver and copper |work=The Guardian |date=21 November 2014 |access-date=31 July 2022 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka hortagga dhaqdhaqaaqyada siyaasadda Islaamka, qarnigii 20aad ee Turkiga, ciidanku waxay sameeyeen afgembiyo si ay xukuumadaha Islaamiga ah uga tuuraan xukanka, sidoo kale xijabka ayaa si sharci ah loo xaddiday, sida ay sidoo kale ka dhacday Tuniisiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=29 April 2011 |title=Huge rally for Turkish secularism |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6604643.stm |access-date=6 December 2011 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Saleh |first=Heba |date=15 October 2011 |title=Tunisia moves against headscarves |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6053380.stm |access-date=6 December 2011 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhulalka kale, awoodda diinta ayaa la maamulay iyada oo hadda loo arko puppeto oo ay dawladdu maamusho. Tusaale ahaan, Sacuudi Carabiya, dawladdu waxay keligeed maamushay aqoonta diinta&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=28 June 2007 |title=Laying down the law: Islam's authority deficit |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/international/2007/06/28/islams-authority-deficit |access-date=15 August 2011 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo Masar, dawladdu waxay qarameysay Jaamacadda Al-Azhar, oo hore u ahayd igo madax-bannaan oo xaddida awoodda dawladda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book| title = The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought| url = https://archive.org/details/princetonencyclo0000unse| last1 = Bowering | first1 = Gerhard | last2=Mirza |first2=Mahan |last3=Crone |first3=Patricia| year = 2013 | publisher = Princeton University Press | page=[https://archive.org/details/princetonencyclo0000unse/page/59 59]| isbn = 9780691134840
}}&lt;/ref&gt; Salafiyada waxaa dhaqaale lagu siiyay Bariga Dhexe sababtoo ah ka gaabsashadeeda siyaasadda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=18 October 2008 |title=Ultraconservative Islam on rise in Mideast |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna27256187 |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=MSNBC |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ololayso ka dhan ah dhaqdhaqaaqyada Islaamiga ah ee kacdoonka ah ee Bariga Dhexe, iyadoo ka soo horjeedda Iiraan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last1=Almukhtar |first1=Sarah |last2=Peçanha |first2=Sergio |last3=Wallace |first3=Tim |date=5 January 2016 |title=Behind Stark Political Divisions, a More Complex Map of Sunnis and Shiites |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/01/04/world/middleeast/sunni-shiite-map-middle-east-iran-saudi-arabia.html |access-date=6 January 2016 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tiro yar oo Muslin ah oo ka soo jeeda qowmiyadaha kala duwan ayaa loo dhibay sida koox diimeed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Thames |first1=Knox |title=Why the Persecution of Muslims Should Be on Biden's Agenda |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/01/06/muslims-islam-china-india-myanmar-persecution-repression-biden-human-rights/ |work=Foreign Policy Magazine |date=6 January 2021 |language=English |access-date=5 February 2022 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tan waxaa sameeyay xoogagga shuuciga ah sida Khmer Rouge, kuwaas oo u arkayay inay yihiin armigooda koowaad ee la cirbootinayo maaddaama dhaqankooda diimeed uu ka dhigay kuwa ka dhex muuqda dadka kale,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Perrin |first=Andrew |date=10 October 2003 |title=Weakness in numbers |magazine=Time |url=https://time.com/archive/6894001/weakness-in-numbers/ |access-date=24 September 2013 |url-access=subscription |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 Bisha Shanaad 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250509202600/https://time.com/archive/6894001/weakness-in-numbers/ }}&lt;/ref&gt; Xisbiga Shuuciga Shiinaha ee Xinjiang&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Beydoun |first1=Khaled A. |title=For China, Islam is a 'mental illness' that needs to be 'cured' |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/china-islam-mental-illness-cured-181127135358356.html |publisher=Al Jazeera |language=English |access-date=5 February 2022 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo xoogagga qarannimada sida intii uu socday xasuuqii Bosniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Mojzes |first=Paul |title=Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the Twentieth Century |url=https://archive.org/details/balkangenocidesh0000mojz |publisher=Rowman &amp; Littlefield |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-4422-0663-2|page=[https://archive.org/details/balkangenocidesh0000mojz/page/178 178]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ciidanka Miyanmaar ee Tatmadaw oo bartilmaameedsanayay Muslinka Rohingya waxaa loogu yeeray dambi ka dhan ah aadamnimada ay sameeyeen Qaraamada Midoobay iyo Amnesty International,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=Oliver Holmes |date=19 December 2016 |title=Myanmar's Rohingya campaign 'may be crime against humanity' |newspaper=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/19/myanmars-rohingya-campaign-may-be-against-humanity |url-status=live |access-date=5 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=19 December 2016|title=Rohingya abuse may be crimes against humanity: Amnesty|website=Al Jazeera|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/12/19/rohingya-abuse-may-be-crimes-against-humanity-amnesty/|access-date=2023-02-21|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; halka Xafiiska Qaraamada Midoobay ee Wakiilka Sare ee Xaqiiqo-raadinta uu ka helay xasuuq, sifeyn qowmiyadeed, iyo dambiyo kale oo ka dhan ah aadamnimada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/MyanmarFFM/Pages/ReportoftheMyanmarFFM.aspx|title=Report of Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar |date=27 August 2018|website=ohchr.org|access-date=14 August 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Horumarka isgaarsiinta dunida wuxuu teshay faafinta ballaaran ee aqoonta diinta. Qaadashada xijabka waxay noqotay mid ka sii badan&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Slackman |first=Michael |date=28 January 2007 |title=In Egypt, a new battle begins over the veil |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/28/weekinreview/28slackman.html |access-date=15 August 2011 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo aqoonyahanno badan oo Muslin ah waxay si kordhayay isku deyayaan inay ka soocaan caqiidooyinka diinta Islaamka iyo dhaqammada caadiga ah.{{sfnp|Nigosian|2004|p=41}} Kooxaha kale dhexdiisa, helitaanka macluumaadka wuxuu keenay kordhinta wacdiyayaasha &quot;televangelist&quot; ee caanka ah, sida Amr Khaled, kuwaas oo kula tartama culumada caadiga ah gaaritaankooda oo ay ka dhigeen awoodda diinta mid aan hal xarun ku dhuftayn.{{sfnp|Esposito|2010|p=263}} Sharraxaadaha &quot;gaarka ah&quot; ee Islaamka&lt;ref&gt;V. Šisler: ''The Internet and the Construction of Islamic Knowledge in Europe'' p. 212&lt;/ref&gt; waxay si muuqata u dhex-galaan Muslinka Liberaalka ah oo isku deyaya inay waafajiyaan dhaqammada diinta iyo xukunkii laimaaniyadda ee casriga ah,{{sfnp|Esposito|2004|pp=118–119, 179}}{{sfnp|Rippin|2001|p=288}} hab ka mid ah kuwa ay dhaleeceeyeen qaarkood oo ku saabsan waafaqsanaantiisa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author1=Adams, Charles J.|editor1-last=Esposito|editor1-first=John L.|title=Voices of Resurgent Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/voicesofresurgen00hcen|url-access=registration|date=1983|publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=[https://archive.org/details/voicesofresurgen00hcen/page/113 113–4] |chapter=Maududi and the Islamic State|quote=[Maududi believed that] when religion is relegated to the personal realm, men inevitably give way to their bestial impulses and perpetrate evil upon one another. In fact it is precisely because they wish to escape the restraints of morality and the divine guidance that men espouse secularism.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Meisami|first=Sayeh|date=2013|title='Abdolkarim Soroush |url=https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0034.xml|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-12 |website=Oxford Bibliographies|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale, laimaaniyaddu waxaa loo arkaa fikrad shisheeye oo ay ku soo impose gareeyeen qabsadayaashii oo ay adkeeyeen maamulayaasha ka dambeeyay gumeysiga,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|title=Secularism, State Neutrality, and Islam|author=Abdullah Saeed|encyclopedia=The Oxford Handbook of Secularism|editor1=Phil Zuckerman|editor2=John R. Shook |url=http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/abstract/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199988457.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199988457-e-12|year=2017|page=188 |doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199988457.013.12|isbn=978-0-19-998845-7|access-date=7 August 2023|url-status=live}}{{subscription required}}&lt;/ref&gt; oo inta badan loo fahmo inay u dhiganto ka-horjeedda diinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|author=Nader Hashemi|title=Secularism|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World|editor=John L. Esposito|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=2009|isbn=978-0-19-530513-5 |url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001/acref-9780195305135-e-0714|access-date=7 August 2023|url-status=live}}{{subscription required}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tirada Dadka ==
{{Main|Dunida Muslinka|Ummah}}

{{See also|Islaamka waddan ahaan|Koraanka dadka Muslinka ah}}
[[File:2020+ Proportion of people in world religions.svg |thumb|Boqolkiiba inta qof ee diimaha dunida. Muslinku waxay ka yihiin dhawaan 25.6% dadka dunida, taas oo ah tiro yar oo ka hooseysa Masiixiyiinta.&lt;ref name=Pew_20250609&gt;{{cite web |last1=Hackett |first1=Conrad |last2=Stonawski |first2=Marcin |last3=Tong |first3=Yunping |last4=Kramer |first4=Stephanie |last5=Shi |first5=Anne |last6=Fahmy |first6=Dalia |title=How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020 |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2025/06/09/how-the-global-religious-landscape-changed-from-2010-to-2020/ |publisher=Pew Research Center |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260222070137/https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2025/06/09/how-the-global-religious-landscape-changed-from-2010-to-2020/ |archive-date=22 February 2026 |date=9 June 2025 |url-status=live |quote=Source: Pew Research Center estimates based on more than 2,700 censuses and surveys. &quot;How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020&quot;}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Marka la joogo 2020, dhawaan 25.6% dadka dunida, ama dhawaan 2&amp;nbsp;bilyan oo qof, waa Muslin.&lt;ref name=&quot;pewresearch.orgReligion&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Religious Composition by Country, 2010-2050 |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/interactives/religious-composition-by-country-2010-2050/ |access-date=2024-03-09 |website=Pew Research Center's Religion &amp; Public Life Project |date=21 December 2022 |archive-date=28 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128120036/https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/interactives/religious-composition-by-country-2010-2050/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;www.pewresearch.org-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 December 2022 |title=Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project - Research and data from Pew Research Center |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/religion/religious-demographics/pew-templeton-global-religious-futures-project/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205195540/https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/religion/religious-demographics/pew-templeton-global-religious-futures-project/ |archive-date=5 February 2023 |access-date=27 November 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/|title=The Future of the Global Muslim Population|date=27 January 2011|access-date=26 October 2022|archive-date=30 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930233955/https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/08/09/muslims-and-islam-key-findings-in-the-u-s-and-around-the-world/ | title=Muslims and Islam: Key findings in the U.S. and around the world | date=9 August 2017 | access-date=19 December 2022 | archive-date=8 November 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108121140/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/08/09/muslims-and-islam-key-findings-in-the-u-s-and-around-the-world/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pew-Growth-2017&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lipka |first1=Michael |last2=Hackett |first2=Conrad |author-link2=Conrad Hackett |title=Why Muslims are the world's fastest-growing religious group |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/04/06/why-muslims-are-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religious-group/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514123559/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/04/06/why-muslims-are-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religious-group/ |archive-date=2019-05-14 |website=Fact Tank |publisher=Pew Research Center |date=2017-04-06 |access-date=2026-03-20 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 1900, qiyaastani waxay ahayd 12.3%,&lt;ref name=&quot;Barrett-2001&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Barrett |first1=David B. |last2=Kurian |first2=George T. |last3=Johnson |first3=Todd M. |title=World Christian Encyclopedia: A Comparative Survey of Churches and Religions in the Modern World |volume=1: The World by Countries: Religionists, Churches, Ministries |edition=2nd |location=New York |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2001 |page=4 |isbn=978-0195079630 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; sannadkii 1990 waxay ahayd 19.9%&lt;ref name=&quot;Pew Research Center-2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite report |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/ |title=The Future of the Global Muslim Population |date=27 January 2011 |publisher=Pew Research Center |access-date=27 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110209094904/http://www.pewforum.org/The-Future-of-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx |archive-date=9 February 2011 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyada oo saadaalintu ay muujinayso in heerku noqon doono 29.7% marka la joogo 2050.{{rp|8}} Ugu kooban uturjumaadda Pew ee 2020 waxay heshay in dadka Muslinka ah ee dunidu ay ahaayeen kooxda diimeed ee ugu koraanka badnayd tobankii sano, inta badan sababtoo ah Muslinku waxay u janjeeraan inay ku yar yihiin da'da oo ay leeyihiin heer dhalmo oo sarreeya—laba walxood oo muhiim ah oo kexeeya koraanka caadiga ah ee dadka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author1=Conrad Hackett|author2=Marcin Stonawski|author3=Yunping Tong|author4=Stephanie Kramer|author5=Anne Shi|author6=Dalia Fahmy |date=2025-06-09 |title=How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020 |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2025/06/PR_2025.06.09_global-religious-change_report.pdf|access-date=2025-06-10 |website=Pew Research Center |page=9|quote=Increases in the global Muslim population are largely due to Muslims having a relatively young age structure and high fertility rate, two characteristics that result in natural population growth.}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|9}} Sida ku xuso qiyaasta dadka ee 2020, 65% dadka Muslinka ah waxay ku dhex jiraan toban waddan, iyada oo dadka ugu waaweyni ay ku nool yihiin Indoneesiya, Bakistaan, Hindiya, Bangaladeesh, Nayjeeriya, Masar, Iiraan, Turkiga, Sudaan, iyo Aljeeriya, marka loo eego sida ay u kala hooseeyaan. Indoneesiya waxay xarun u tahay ka badan 230,000,000 oo Muslin ah, Bakistaan ka badan 220,000,000, Hindiya ka badan 210,000,000, Bangaladeesh ka badan 150,000,000, Nayjeeriya ka badan 110,000,000, Masar ka badan 100,000,000, Iiraan iyo Turkiga midkiiba ka badan 80,000,000, iyo Sudaan iyo Aljeeriya midkiiba ka badan 40,000,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2025/06/09/muslim-population-change/|title=How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020: 3. Muslim population change|date=9 June 2025|access-date=12 February 2026|website=Pew Research Center}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Islam percent population in each nation World Map Muslim data by Pew Research.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|Boqolkiiba Muslinka ee dunida waddan ahaan.&lt;ref name=&quot;pew2015&quot; /&gt;]]Sida ku xuso warbixin ay soo saartay CNN, &quot;Islaamku wuxuu soo jiitay dad soo Islaamay oo ka soo jeeda dhammaan heerarka nolosha, gaar ahaan Ameerikanka ka soo jeeda Afrika&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Fast-growing Islam winning converts in Western world |publisher=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9704/14/egypt.islam/ |access-date=6 May 2016 |archive-date=15 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181015114027/http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9704/14/egypt.islam/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ingiriiska, dhawaan 6,000 oo qof ayaa soo Islaama sannad walba, iyada oo sida ku xuso maqaal ku jira British Muslims Monthly Survey, badanka dadka cusub ee soo Islaama ee Ingiriiska ay ahaayeen dumarka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://artsweb.bham.ac.uk/bmms/2000/06June00.asp#Women%20convert |title=British Muslims Monthly Survey for June 2000, Vol. VIII, No. 6 |at=Women convert |access-date=2020-09-28 |archive-date=2008-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214160750/http://artsweb.bham.ac.uk/bmms/2000/06June00.asp#Women%20convert |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sida ku xuso The Huffington Post, &quot;ilaaliyayaashu waxay qiyaasayaan in illaa 20,000 oo Ameerikan ah ay soo Islaamaan sannad walba&quot;, badankoodu ay yihiin dumarka iyo Muslinka Ameerikanka ka soo jeeda Afrika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2011-08-24 |title=Conversion To Islam One Result Of Post-9/11 Curiosity |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/post-911-islam-converts_n_935572 |access-date=2020-11-26 |website=HuffPost |language=en |archive-date=2021-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111201117/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/post-911-islam-converts_n_935572 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author-first=Julie |author-last=Bindel |author-link=Julie Bindel |title=Why do Western Women Convert? |url=http://standpointmag.co.uk/features-may-10-why-do-western-women-convert-julie-bindel-islam-female-conversion |access-date=8 May 2016 |work=Standpoint |date=26 April 2010 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102003/http://standpointmag.co.uk/features-may-10-why-do-western-women-convert-julie-bindel-islam-female-conversion |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale boqolkiiba iyo tirada guud ahaan, Islaamku waa kooxda diimeed ee ugu koraanka badan dunida, iyadoo la saadaalinayo inay noqoto ta ugu weyn dunida dhamaadka qarniga 21aad, iyadoo ka badanaysa Masiixiyada. Waxaa lagu qiyaasay in marka la joogo 2050, tirada Muslinka ay u dhowaan doonto tirada Masiixiyiinta ee dunida, &quot;sababtoo ah da'da yar iyo heerka dhalmo ee sarreeya ee Muslinka marka loo barbardhigo kooxaha kale ee diimaha.&quot;{{rp|70}}
=== Xituunta Pew Research ===
Dhawaan 49 waddan ayaa ah kuwo dadka ugu badan ee ku nooli ay Muslin yihiin,{{sfnp|Pew Forum for Religion &amp; Public Life|2009|p=11}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Ba-Yunus |first1=Ilyas |title=Muslims in the United States |last2=Kone, Kassim |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=2006 |page=[https://archive.org/details/muslimsunitedsta00bayu/page/n186 172] |url=https://archive.org/details/muslimsunitedsta00bayu |url-access=registration |isbn=978-0-313-32825-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pew-Landscape-2012&quot;&gt;{{cite report |author=The Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life |title=The Global Religious Landscape: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Major Religious Groups as of 2010 |url=https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323215026/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf |archive-date=2018-03-23 |date=December 2012 |publisher=Pew Research Center |location=Washington, D.C. |access-date=2026-03-20 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=7 March 2018 |title=Islam in Russia |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2018/3/7/islam-in-russia/ |access-date=15 June 2021 |website=Al Jazeera |publisher=Anadolu News Agency |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024349/https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/features/2018/3/7/islam-in-russia |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Book review: Russia's Muslim Heartlands reveals diverse population |date=21 April 2018 |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/arts-culture/book-review-russia-s-muslim-heartlands-reveals-diverse-population-1.723230 |work=The National |access-date=13 January 2019 |archive-date=14 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114210257/https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/book-review-russia-s-muslim-heartlands-reveals-diverse-population-1.723230 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyada oo 62% Muslinka dunidu ay ku nool yihiin Aasiya, halka 683 milyan oo taabacsan ay ku nool yihiin Indoneesiya, Bakistaan, Hindiya, iyo Bangaladeesh keligood.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pew-Projections-2050&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=10 Countries With the Largest Muslim Populations, 2010 and 2050 |url=https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/muslims/pf_15-04-02_projectionstables74/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207115222/http://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/muslims/pf_15-04-02_projectionstables74/ |archive-date=2017-02-07 |website=Pew Research Center |publisher=Pew Forum on Religion &amp; Public Life |date=2015-04-02 |type=Projections table |access-date=2026-03-20 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Secrets of Islam |url=https://www.usnews.com/usnews/graphics/religion/islams_global_reach.htm |access-date=24 September 2013 |website=U.S. News &amp; World Report |archive-date=22 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110122200555/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/graphics/religion/islams_global_reach.htm |url-status=live }} Information provided by the International Population Center, Department of Geography, San Diego State University (2005).&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfnp|Pew Forum for Religion &amp; Public Life|2009|pp=15, 17}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Pechilis |first1=Karen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C |title=South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today |last2=Raj |first2=Selva J. |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-44851-2 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C&amp;pg=PA193 193] |access-date=3 May 2019 |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024331/https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Muslinka Carabta ah waxay samayeeyaan kooxda qowmiyadeed ee ugu weyn Muslinka dhexdeeda ee dunida,&lt;ref name=&quot;Nydell-2005&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Nydell |first=Margaret Kleffner |title=Understanding Arabs: A Guide for Modern Times |edition=4th |location=Yarmouth, Maine |publisher=Intercultural Press |year=2005 |pages=xxiii, 14 |isbn=978-1931930253 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZNoiieefqAcC |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024737/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZNoiieefqAcC |archive-date=2023-12-28 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxaa ku xiga Bangaaliyiinta&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Richard Eaton|editor=Barbara D. Metcalf|title=Islam in South Asia in Practice|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pR0LzVCpfw8C|date=8 September 2009|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-3138-8|page=275|chapter=Forest Clearing and the Growth of Islam in Bengal}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=haGORCJRlOUC&amp;pg=PA50 |title=The Bangladesh Reader: History, Culture, Politics |author1=Meghna Guhathakurta |author2=Willem van Schendel |page=50 |date=30 April 2013 |publisher=Duke University Press |access-date=7 November 2016 |isbn=978-0822353188 |archive-date=7 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707092408/https://books.google.com/books?id=haGORCJRlOUC&amp;pg=PA50 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo Bunjaabiinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Gandhi|first=Rajmohan|title=Punjab: A History from Aurangzeb to Mountbatten|year=2013|page=1|publisher=Aleph Book Company|location=New Delhi, India, Urbana, Illinois|isbn=978-93-83064-41-0}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Qiyaasaha badankood waxay muujinayaan in Shiinaha ay ku nool yihiin dhawaan 20 illaa 30 milyan oo Muslin ah (1.5% illaa 2% dadka waddanka).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |work=The World Factbook |title=Explore All Countries – China |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/china/ |access-date=15 September 2009 |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |archive-date=13 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213122152/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/china/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=China (includes Hong Kong, Macau, and Tibet) |website=Archived Content |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2006/71338.htm |access-date=24 September 2013 |publisher=U.S. Department of State |archive-date=10 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710075050/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2006/71338.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Islaamka ka jira Yurub waa diinta labaad ee ugu weyn Masiixiyadda ka dib waddamo badan dhexdeeda, iyada oo heerarka koraanka ay inta badan ku yimaadaan soogalootiga iyo heerka dhalmo ee sarreeya ee Muslinka ee 2005,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=23 December 2005 |title=Muslims in Europe: Country guide |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4385768.stm |access-date=1 April 2010 |archive-date=29 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090929213440/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4385768.stm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; taas oo samaynaysay 4.9% dhammaan dadka Yurub ee 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/11/29/5-facts-about-the-muslim-population-in-europe/|title=5 facts about the Muslim population in Europe|date=November 29, 2017|work=Pew Research Center|first=Conrad|last=Hackett|access-date=17 January 2023|archive-date=5 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190105202657/http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/11/29/5-facts-about-the-muslim-population-in-europe/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sida ku xuso Xituunta Pew Research, soo Islaamidda ma laha saameyn weyn oo saafi ah oo ku saabsan koraanka dadka Muslinka ah maadaama &quot;tirada dadka ku soo Islaama diinta ay u dhowdahay inay la mid tahay tirada Muslinka ah ee ka baxda diinta.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |title=The Future of the Global Muslim Population |section=Conversion |date=27 January 2011 |publisher=Pew Research Center |section-url=https://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-related-factors/#conversion |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/ |quote=there is no substantial net gain or loss in the number of Muslims through conversion globally; the number of people who become Muslims through conversion seems to be roughly equal to the number of Muslims who leave the faith |access-date=12 May 2020 |archive-date=24 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211126/http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bagse, Islaamku wuxuu ka helayaa faa'iido yar oo ah 3 milyan oo qof marka loo eego isbeddelka diimaha u dhexeya 2010 iyo 2050, inta badan ka timaada Afrika Sub-Sahara (2.9 milyan).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.pewforum.org/files/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf|title=Cumulative Change Due to Religious Switching, 2010–2050, p.43|access-date=4 May 2016|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20150429153811/http://www.pewforum.org/files/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf|archive-date=29 April 2015|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pewforum.org/2017/04/05/the-changing-global-religious-landscape/|title=The Changing Global Religious Landscape|work=Pew Research Center|date=5 April 2017|access-date=17 December 2022|archive-date=18 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218030628/https://www.pewforum.org/2017/04/05/the-changing-global-religious-landscape/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sida ku xuso uturjumaadda Pew ee 2020, dhawaan 1% dadka waaweyn ee ku soo koray Muslimnimada ayaa ka baxa diinta, halka boqolkiiba la mid ah —dhawaan 1%— ay ka soo Islaamaan diimaha kale, taas oo keenta heer hoose oo isbeddel diimeed ah oo soo gala ama ka baxa Islaamka.&lt;ref name=&quot;pew2029&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |author1=Conrad Hackett|author2=Marcin Stonawski|author3=Yunping Tong|author4=Stephanie Kramer|author5=Anne Shi|author6=Dalia Fahmy |date=2025-06-09 |title=How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020 |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2025/06/PR_2025.06.09_global-religious-change_report.pdf|access-date=2025-06-10 |website=Pew Research Center |language=en-US|page=39|quote=Muslims and Hindus have been the least likely to gain or lose adherents from religious switching. About one in every 100 adults raised Muslim (or Hindu) has left their childhood religion, and a similar number from a different religious category have switched into Islam (or Hinduism).}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mutaaniqada Islaamka ka baxday waxay u janjeeraan inay u wareegaan diin kale halkii ay ka noqon lahaayeen kuwo aan diin lahayn.

== Qaybaha Waaweyn ==
{{Main|Xiriirka Shiicada iyo Sunnada|Qadiir Khum|Saqiifa|Ciidul Qadiir}}

=== Matalaadda Qadiir Khum iyo Saqiifa ===
[[File:Chronology of Ancient Nations, f.162r miniature.jpg|thumb|Magacaabiddii Cali uu Muxammad ku magacaabay Qadiir Khum, 1307 AD fardawsa Ilkhanid.]]
Tukhtaan muhiim ah ayaa ka dhacay 632 ee Qadiir Khum, halkaas oo Muxammad, obo yar ka hor dhimashadiisa, uu gacanta ku qabtay Cali, oo ahaa ina-adeerkii iyo seedigii, uu ka jeediyay khudbad uu ku yiri &quot;Kii aan ahay ''mowlahiisa'', Cali waa ''mowlahiisa''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=The Charismatic Community: Shi'ite Identity in Early Islam |author-first=Maria Massi |author-last=Dakake |year=2007 |publisher=State University of New York Press |isbn=9780791470336 |author-link=Maria Massi Dakake}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Veccia Vaglieri|first=L.|date=2012|title=Encyclopaedia of Islam |url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/*-SIM_2439|section=G̲h̲adīr K̲h̲umm|publisher=Brill|access-date=July 14, 2023|isbn=9789004161214|archive-date=14 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230714174420/https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/*-SIM_2439|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfnp|Campo|2009|pp=257–258}} Ereyga mowla wuxuu leeyahay macnayaal kala duwan oo ku xiran xaaladda, oo ay ku jiraan sayid, ilaaliye, xulafo, taageere, iyo mid awood leh. Shiicada dhexdeeda, waxaa loo fahmaa magacaabidda rasmiga ah ee Muxammad uu Cali uga dhigay beddelkiisa. Sunnadu sidoo kale waxay aqbashaa in tukhtaankii Qadiir Khum uu dhacay iyadoo Muxammad uu yiri hadalkaas ku saabsan Cali. Bagse, uma tarjumaan hadalka inuu yahay magacaabidda Cali ee beddelka Muxammad. Muslinka Sunnada ah waxay u tarjumaan ereyga mowla xaaladdan inuu u muuqdo saaxiib dhow, taageere, ama mid mudan daacadnimo iyo kalsooni. Sidaas darteed, waxay u arkaan bayaanka inuu yahay caddayn ah xushmadda Muxammad uu u hayay Cali, iyagoo hoos u dhigaya muhiimadda tukhtaanka.

Kalfadhigii Saqiifa wuxuu dhacay obo yar ka dib dhimashadii Muxammad ee 632, halkaas oo Abu Bakar looga doortay beddelkiisa oo uu ku noqday Khaliifkii koowaad. Saqiifa waxay ka mid tahay tukhtaannada ugu muranka badan Islaamka, sababtoo ah ka saarida tiro badan oo ka mid ah Saxaabada Muxammad, oo ay ku jiraan Ahlul Bayt iyo gaar ahaan Cali. Cali iyo tiro badan oo ka mid ah qoyska Muxammad waxay weli ku jireen aasitaanka nabiga markii uu tukhtaanku dhacayay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last=Foody |first=Kathleen |date=September 2015 |title=Interiorizing Islam: Religious Experience and State Oversight in the Islamic Republic of Iran |editor-last=Jain |editor-first=Andrea R. |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Religion |volume=83 |issue=3 |pages=599–623 |doi=10.1093/jaarel/lfv029 |doi-access=free |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Academy of Religion |eissn=1477-4585 |issn=0002-7189 |jstor=24488178 |lccn=sc76000837 |oclc=1479270 |quote=For Shiʿi Muslims, Muhammad not only designated Ali as his friend, but appointed him as his successor—as the &quot;lord&quot; or &quot;master&quot; of the new Muslim community. Ali and his descendants would become known as the Imams, divinely guided leaders of the Shiʿi communities, sinless, and granted special insight into the Qurʾanic text. The theology of the Imams that developed over the next several centuries made little distinction between the authority of the Imams to politically lead the Muslim community and their spiritual prowess; quite to the contrary, their right to political leadership was grounded in their special spiritual insight. While in theory, the only just ruler of the Muslim community was the Imam, the Imams were politically marginal after the first generation. In practice, Shiʿi Muslims negotiated varied approaches to both interpretative authority over Islamic texts and governance of the community, both during the lifetimes of the Imams themselves and even more so following the disappearance of the twelfth and final Imam in the ninth century.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last=Foody |first=Kathleen |date=September 2015 |editor-last=Jain |editor-first=Andrea R. |title=Interiorizing Islam: Religious Experience and State Oversight in the Islamic Republic of Iran |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Religion |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Academy of Religion |volume=83 |issue=3 |pages=599–623 |doi=10.1093/jaarel/lfv029 |issn=0002-7189 |eissn=1477-4585 |jstor=24488178 |lccn=sc76000837 |oclc=1479270 |quote=For Shiʿi Muslims, Muhammad not only designated Ali as his friend, but appointed him as his successor—as the &quot;lord&quot; or &quot;master&quot; of the new Muslim community. Ali and his descendants would become known as the Imams, divinely guided leaders of the Shiʿi communities, sinless, and granted special insight into the Qurʾanic text. The theology of the Imams that developed over the next several centuries made little distinction between the authority of the Imams to politically lead the Muslim community and their spiritual prowess; quite to the contrary, their right to political leadership was grounded in their special spiritual insight. While in theory, the only just ruler of the Muslim community was the Imam, the Imams were politically marginal after the first generation. In practice, Shiʿi Muslims negotiated varied approaches to both interpretative authority over Islamic texts and governance of the community, both during the lifetimes of the Imams themselves and even more so following the disappearance of the twelfth and final Imam in the ninth century. |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |author-last=Amir-Moezzi |author-first=Mohammad Ali |title=Ghadīr Khumm |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam |edition=Third |editor1-first=Kate |editor1-last=Fleet |editor2-first=Gudrun |editor2-last=Krämer |editor3-first=Denis |editor3-last=Matringe |editor4-first=John |editor4-last=Nawas |editor5-first=Devin J. |editor5-last=Stewart |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_27419 |year=2014 |doi=10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_27419 |isbn=9789004269613 |author-link=Mohammad Ali Amir-Moezzi |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Muslinka Sunnada ah waxay qabaan in Muxammad uu u daayay doorashada beddelkiisa bulshada, sidaas darteedna waxay u arkaan doorashadii Abu Bakar ee saxaabada inay ahayd mid sharci ah. Muslinka Shiicada ah waxay adkaynayaan in Cali hore loogu magacaabay beddelka Muxammad ee tukhtaankii Qadiir Khum, sidaas darteedna waxay u arkaan tukhtaannadii Saqiifa inay ahaayeen kuwo dhaafay xaqiisii beddelka. Dhibaatada beddelka waxay noqotay sababtii ugu horreysay ee qeybsanaanta Muslinka oo keentay soo bixitaanka labada qaybood ee waaweyn ee Islaamka, Sunna iyo Shiica.
=== Islaamka Sunnada ah ===
{{Main|Islaamka Sunnada ah}}
[[File:Khalili Collection Islamic Art mss 0311 fol 190b-191a.jpg|thumb|Faraq-qoraal ah oo [[Saxiix al-Bukhari]] ah oo ka soo jeeda qarnigii 14aad, ururintii ugu horreysay ee [[xadiis]] ee [[Kutub al-Sittah|Lixda Buug]] ee [[Islaamka Sunnada ah]].]]
Islaamka Sunnada ah waa qaybta ugu weyn ee Islaamka iyada oo ah mhabka diimeed ee ugu weyn dunida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=List of religious populations {{!}} Largest Religions, Smallest Religions, Lists, Data, &amp; Overview {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/List-of-religious-populations|access-date=2025-07-24|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sunni |title=Sunni |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=17 September 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150430101807/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/574006/Sunnite |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |title=Sunni Islam |editor-first=John L. |editor-last=Esposito |encyclopedia=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=2014 |url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e2280 |access-date=10 January 2010 |archive-date=5 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005013247/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e2280 |url-status=dead }} {{Wayback|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e2280 |date=20101028144120 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Denny-2010&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Denny |first=Frederick |author-link=Frederick M. Denny |title=Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |page=3 |isbn=978-0199804153 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D5_N97bAiJ0C&amp;pg=PA3 |quote=Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90%) of that community. |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Lawson |first1=Russell M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_krEEAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=islam+based+on+the+teachings+of+muhammad&amp;pg=PA419 |title=Science in the Ancient World: From Antiquity through the Middle Ages |date=23 September 2021 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-4408-7353-9 |page=419 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ereygu waa gaabinta weedha &quot;''Ahl as-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah''&quot;, oo macnaheedu yahay &quot;dadka [[Sunnah|sunnada]] (dhaqankii Muxammad) iyo jamacaadka&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |title=Ahl as-Sunnah |encyclopedia=Islam Ansiklopedisi |publisher=Turkish Diyanet Foundation |location=Istanbul |url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/ehl-i-sunnet |last=Yavuz |first=Yusuf Şevki |date=1994 |volume=10 |pages=525–530 |lang=tr |access-date=28 December 2021 |archive-date=28 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228114411/https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/ehl-i-sunnet |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Islaamka Sunnada ah mararka qaarkood waxaa loo yaqaanaa &quot;Islaamka Ortodokska ah&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author1=John Richard Thackrah |title=Dictionary of Terrorism |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1135165956 |edition=2, revised |page=252}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=The Status of Women Under Islamic Law and Modern Islamic Legislation |url=https://archive.org/details/statusofwomenund0000nasi_k9w1 |date=2009 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-9004172739 |editor1-last=Nasir |editor1-first=Jamal J. |edition=revised |page=[https://archive.org/details/statusofwomenund0000nasi_k9w1/page/11 11]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author1=George W. Braswell |title=What You Need to Know about Islam &amp; Muslims |url=https://archive.org/details/whatyouneedtokno0000bras |date=2000 |publisher=B&amp;H Publishing Group |isbn=978-0805418293 |edition=illustrated |page=[https://archive.org/details/whatyouneedtokno0000bras/page/62 62]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ingawa aqoonyahanada qaar ay u arkaan inaysan habboonayn, iyada oo Sunni-nimada ka baxsan ay dad badan u arki karaan fahan xumaan.&lt;ref&gt;An Introduction to the Hadith. John Burton. Published by Edinburgh University Press. 1996. p. 201. Cite: &quot;Sunni: Of or pertaining ''sunna'', especially the ''Sunna'' of the Prophet. Used in conscious opposition to Shi'a, Shi'í. There being no ecclesia or centralized magisterium, the translation 'orthodox' is inappropriate. To the Muslim 'unorthodox' implies heretical, ''mubtadi'', from ''bid'a'', the contrary of ''sunna'' and so 'innovation'.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Sunnadu waxay adkaynaysaa in Muxammad uusan magacaabin beddel, wuxuuna u dhaafay doorashada beddelkiisa bulshada, sidaas darteedna waxay u arkaan doorashadii Abu Bakar ee Saqiifa inay ahayd mid sharci ah. Muslinka Sunnada ah waxay inta badan u noqdaan lixda buug ee xadiiska ee waaweyn arrimaha sharciga, iyagoo u raaca mid ka mid ah afar madhabood ee fiqhiga: [[Hanafi school|Xanafi]], [[Hanbali school|Xanbali]], [[Maliki school|Maaliki]], [[Shafi'i school|Shaafi'i]].&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Esposito|2003|pp=275, 306}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cilmiga tawxiidka ee athariga ah waa madhab Sunni ah oo feker ah, oo uu si weyn ugu doodi jiray Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780–855 CE), oo lagu garto u noqoshada fahanka qoraalka ah ee Qur'aanka iyo sunnada, aמונה ah in Qur'aanku yahay mid aan la abuurin oo weligeed ah, iyo ka soo horjeeda cilmiga caqliga, ee loo yaqano kalam, marka loo eego arrimaha diinta iyo anshaxa.&lt;ref&gt;Hadi Enayat ''Islam and Secularism in Post-Colonial Thought: A Cartography of Asadian Genealogies'' Springer Publishing, 30 June 2017 {{ISBN|978-3-319-52611-9}} p.48&lt;/ref&gt; Maaturidiyada, oo uu aasaasay Abu Mansur al-Maturidi (853–944 CE), waxay leedahay qoraalka la soo dejiyay looma baahna anshaxa asaasiga ah iyada oo wanaagga iyo xawliga lagu fahmi karo caqliga keligiis,&lt;ref&gt;Rico Isaacs, Alessandro Frigerio ''Theorizing Central Asian Politics: The State, Ideology and Power'' Springer Publishing 2018 {{ISBN|978-3-319-97355-5}} p. 108&lt;/ref&gt; laakiin dadku waxay u noqdaan waxyiga arrimaha ka baxsan fahanka bahaamka. Ash'ariyada, oo uu aasaasay Al-Ashʿarī (c. 874–936), waxay leedahay anshaxu wuxuu ka imaan karaa oo keliya waxyiga rabbaaniga ah laakiin waxay aqbashaa caqliga arrimaha fasiraadda waxayna isku dartaa hababka Mu'tazilada iyo fikradaha athariga.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Esposito|1999|p=280}}&lt;/ref&gt; Salafiyadu waa doonis dib u cusboonaysiin ah oo u dooda u noqoshada dhaqankii qgeneration-kii ugu horreeyay ee Muslinka. Qarnigii 18aad, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab wuxuu kexeeyay dhaqdhaqaaq Salafi ah, oo dadka ka baxsan ay u yaqaanaan Wahaabiya, waddanka maanta loo yaqano Sacuudi Carabiya.&lt;ref&gt;Richard Gauvain ''Salafi Ritual Purity: In the Presence of God'' Routledge 2013 {{ISBN|978-0-7103-1356-0}} page 8&lt;/ref&gt; Dhaqdhaqaaq la mid ah oo loo yaqano Ahl al-Hadith ayaa sidoo kale hoos u dhigay dhaqanka sharciga Sunniga ah ee qarniyada jiray, iyagoo door biday inay si toos ah u raacaan Qur'aanka iyo Xadiiska. Dhaqdhaqaaqa Sunniga ah ee Nurcu waxaa aasaasay Said Nursi (1877–1960); wuxuu isku darayaa qaybo ka mid ah Tasawufka iyo sayniska.&lt;ref name=&quot;Svante E. Cornell p. 283&quot;&gt;Svante E. Cornell ''Azerbaijan Since Independence'' M.E. Sharpe {{ISBN| 9780765630049}} p. 283&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Robert W. Hefner ''Shariʻa Politics: Islamic Law and Society in the Modern World'' Indiana University Press 2011 {{ISBN|978-0-253-22310-4}} p. 170&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Islaamka Shiicada ah ===
{{Main|Islaamka Shiicada ah}}
[[File:Folio from a Nahj al-Balagha.gif|thumb|Warqad gacan-qoraal ah oo ka timaada Nahj al-Balagha, ee taariikhdeedu tahay 1149 AD. Nahj al-Balagha waa ururin khudbado, waraaqo, iyo hadallo ah oo uu leeyahay Cali. Waxaa loo arkaa inay ka mid tahay kuwa ugu muhiimsan ee suugaanta Carabiga iyada oo ka joogta meel sare Islaamka Shiicada ah dhexdeeda.]]
Islaamka Shiicada ah waa qaybta labaad ee ugu weyn Islaamka iyo mid ka mid oo ka mid ah mhabada diimeed ee ugu waaweyn dunida.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Field Listing :: Religions |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706231326/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html |archive-date=6 July 2010 |access-date=25 October 2010 |website=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |quote=Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population.&quot; ... &quot;Shia Islam represents 10–15% of Muslims worldwide.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sunni |url=https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/sunni |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614103622/https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/sunni |archive-date=14 June 2020 |access-date=24 May 2020 |publisher=Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs |quote=Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam, comprising about 85% of the world's over 1.5 billion Muslims.}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfnp|Pew Forum for Religion &amp; Public Life|2009|p=1|ps=. &quot;Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims.&quot;}} Ereygu waa gaabinta weedha &quot;''Shīʿat ʿAlī''&quot;, oo macnaheedu yahay &quot;xisbigii Cali&quot;. Muslinka Shiicada ah waxay adkaynayaan in Muxammad uu magacaabay ina-adeerkii iyo seedigii, Cali, inuu noqdo beddelkiisa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Shii|title=Shiʿi|last=Newman|first=Andrew J.|publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=28 December 2021|archive-date=20 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720054917/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Shii|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia |year=2004 |title=Sunni Islam |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa |publisher=MacMillan Reference |editor-last=Philip Mattar |edition=2nd |author1=Tayeb El-Hibri|author2=Maysam J. al Faruqi}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cali waxaa ku xigay silsilad Imaamyo ah oo Ilaah magacaabay oo ka soo jeeda qoyska Muxammad ([[Ahl al-Bayt|Ahlul Bayt]]). Mhabka ugu weyn ee Islaamka Shiicada ah, Shiicada Laba-iyo-Tobanka ah, waxay aqoonsan yihiin Laba-iyo-Tobanka Imaam inay yihiin hoggaamiyeyaasha Ilaah magacaabay, iyadoo ka bilaabanaysa Cali keligiis oo ku dheehanaysa Mahdiga, oo la rumeysan yahay inuu ku jiro qoyanaanta loona fadhiyo inuu dib u soo laabto Dhamaadka Sannadaha si uu u aasaaso caddaalad oo uu caawin doono Ciise. Islaamka Shiicada ah wuxuu muhiimad gaar ah siiyaa Ahlul Bayt (qoyska Muxammad), kuwaas oo Muslinka Shiicada ah ay u arkaan inay leeyihiin awood diimeed iyo ruhani ah oo Ilaah siiyay. Qur'aanka, teachings-ka Muxammad (Sunnah), iyo Imaamyada waxay samayeeyaan asaaska ugu muhiimsan ee fekerka diimeed iyo fiqhiga Shiicada. Muslinka Shiicada ah waxaa kexeeya madhabka Jacfariyada ee fiqhiga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |author1=John Corrigan|author2=Frederick Denny|author3=Martin S Jaffee|author4=Carlos Eire |year=2011 |title=Jews, Christians, Muslims: A Comparative Introduction to Monotheistic Religions |publisher= Cambridge University Press |id=978-0205026340 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ururinta ugu muhiimsan ee xadiiska ee Islaamka Shiicada ah waa Afarta Buug ee Sharciga ah, oo loo yaqano Kitab al-Kafi, Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih, Tahdhib al-Ahkam, iyo Al-Istibsar.

Islaamka Shiicada ah wuxuu ka kooban yahay dhowr qaybood, ta ugu weyn oo ugu muhiimsan waxay tahay Shiicada Laba-iyo-Tobanka ah, oo ay ku xigaan qaybaha yar ee Ismaaciiliyad iyo Saydiyad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Political, Social and Military History |editor-first1=Spencer C. |editor-last1=Tucker |editor2=Priscilla Mary Roberts |year=2008 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-85109-842-2 |page=917 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YAd8efHdVzIC&amp;pg=PA917 |access-date=20 June 2015 |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024726/https://books.google.com/books?id=YAd8efHdVzIC&amp;pg=PA917 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=The Iraq Effect: The Middle East After the Iraq War |first=Frederic M. |last=Wehrey |year=2010 |publisher=Rand Corporation |isbn=978-0-8330-4788-5 |page=91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i-3LAlfW7DIC&amp;pg=PA91 |access-date=20 June 2015 |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024742/https://books.google.com/books?id=i-3LAlfW7DIC&amp;pg=PA91#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Newman|first=Andrew J.|author-link=Andrew J. Newman|title=Twelver Shiism: Unity and Diversity in the Life of Islam, 632 to 1722|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-_M8BQAAQBAJ|year=2013|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|isbn=978-0-7486-7833-4|chapter=Introduction|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-_M8BQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP18|page=2|access-date=13 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501201413/https://books.google.com/books?id=-_M8BQAAQBAJ|archive-date=1 May 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dagaalkii Karbala, oo uu awoowe u ahaa Nabiga oo ahaa Imaamka saddexaad ee Shiicada, Xuseen ibn Cali, si xun loogu dilay oo madaxa looga jaray iyada oo la dilay badanka xubnaha qoyskiisa, wuxuu siiyay Caliyinta aqoonsi diimeed oo u gaar ah wuxuuna ka qaatay door muhiim ah zhuraalka iyo adkaynta ta noqotay Islaamka Shiicada ah. Wuxuu ka joogaa meel dhexe taariikhda Shiicada, dhaqanka, iyo cilmiga tawxiidka, iyadoo inta badan lagu xuso suugaanta Islaamka. Waa mid ka mid ah waqtiyada ugu murugada badan, muhiimka ah, ee lagu garto taariikhda Islaamka. Dhismaha Imaam Cali ee Najafe, Dhismaha Imaam Xuseen ee Karbala, iyo Dhismaha Imaam Riza ee Mashxad waa saddexda meelood ee ugu xurmada badan ka dib Masjid al-Xaraam ee Makka, Masjid al-Nabawi ee Madiina, iyo Masjid al-Aqsa ee Qudus.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sardeg2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Escobar |first=Pepe |date=May 24, 2002 |title=Knocking on heaven's door |url=http://www.atimes.com/c-asia/DE24Ag04.html |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020603155002/http://atimes.com/c-asia/DE24Ag04.html |archive-date=June 3, 2002 |access-date=2006-11-12 |work=Asia Times Online |quote=our sixth imam, Imam Sadeg, says that we have five definitive holy places... first is Mecca... second is Medina... third belongs to our first imam of Shia, Ali, which is in Najaf. The fourth belongs to our third imam, Hussein, in Kerbala. The last one belongs to the daughter of our seventh imam and sister of our eighth imam, who is called Fatemah, and will be buried in Qom. |department=Central Asia/Russia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Never Again!&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;atimes.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date= |title=Iran Diary, Part 2: Knocking on heaven's door |url=http://atimes.com/c-asia/DE24Ag04.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020603155002/http://atimes.com/c-asia/DE24Ag04.html |archive-date=June 3, 2002 |access-date= |work=[[Asia Times Online]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date= |title=Muslim Shia's Saint Imam Ali Holy Shrine |url=http://www.chnphoto.ir/gallery.php?gallery_uid=187&amp;lang=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100905090748/http://www.chnphoto.ir/gallery.php?gallery_uid=187&amp;lang=en |archive-date=2010-09-05 |access-date= |work=Cultural Heritage Photo Agency |format=16 images}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=September 4, 2003 |title=The tragic martyrdom of Ayatollah Al Hakim calls for a stance |url=http://www.modarresinews.com/artc.php?id=75%2F |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918084430/http://www.modarresinews.com/artc.php?id=75%2F |archive-date=2010-09-18 |access-date= |work=Modarresi News}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=August 13, 2004 |title=Title required |url=http://www.zaman.org/?bl=international&amp;alt=&amp;trh=20040813&amp;hn=11401/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061028164619/http://www.zaman.org/?bl=international |archive-date=October 28, 2006 |access-date= |work=Zaman Online}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 1, 2003 |title=Why 2003 is not 1991 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/Iraq/Story/0,,926947,00.html/ |access-date= |work=[[The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laba-iyo-Tobanka Imaam sidoo xushmad lagu hayaa Islaamka Sunnada ah dhexdeeda iyagoo ah xubno ka mid ah qoyska Nabiga Muxammad iyo shakhsiyaad muhiim ah oo ku jira taariikhda Islaamka, iyadoo Sunnadu ay booqdaan dhismooyinkooda xushmad darteed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=An Iraqi delegation from the Sunni Endowment visited the Holy Shrine of Imam Ali (PBUH).|url=https://www.alarbaeen.ir/en/news/an-iraqi-delegation-from-the-sunni-endowment-visited-the-holy-shrine-of-imam-ali-pbuh|access-date=2026-02-16|website=www.alarbaeen.ir}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Waziri|first=Adam Isa|date=2022-11-21|title=Sunni Professors, Scholars From Pakistan Visit Imam Husain's Holy Shrine in Karbala » Education Monitor News|url=https://educationmonitornews.com/sunni-professors-scholars-from-pakistan-visit-imam-husains-holy-shrine-in-karbala/|access-date=2026-02-16|website=Education Monitor News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Arooj|date=2024-02-01|title=Sunni scholars from Turkey express happiness upon visiting holy shrine of Imam Hussein|url=https://shiawaves.com/english/uncategorized/100914-sunni-scholars-from-turkey-express-happiness-upon-visiting-holy-shrine-of-imam-hussein/|access-date=2026-02-16|website=Shia Waves|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-08-16|title=Iraqi Sunni Friday prayer leaders visit Imam Reza (AS) holy shrine|url=https://en.hawzahnews.com/news/358808/Iraqi-Sunni-Friday-prayer-leaders-visit-Imam-Reza-AS-holy-shrine|access-date=2026-02-16|website=Hawzah News Agency|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=English Pakistani Sunnis Visit Imam Reza Shrine|url=https://www.shiachat.com/forum/topic/235051393-english-pakistani-sunnis-visit-imam-reza-shrine/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250617090149/https://www.shiachat.com/forum/topic/235051393-english-pakistani-sunnis-visit-imam-reza-shrine/|archive-date=2025-06-17|access-date=2026-02-16|website=ShiaChat.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-01-14|title=Sunni Cleric: Imam Reza Shrine a Center for Unifying Muslims|url=https://en.abna24.com/news/664698/Sunni-Cleric-Imam-Reza-Shrine-a-Center-for-Unifying-Muslims|access-date=2026-02-17|website=ABNA English|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Imam Reza (A.S.) Is the Symbol of Unity among Islamic Sects.|url=https://www.alarbaeen.ir/en/news/imam-reza-as-is-the-symbol-of-unity-among-islamic-sects|access-date=2026-02-17|website=www.alarbaeen.ir}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{multiple image
| align             = center
| image1            = ImamAliShrine2026.jpg
| width1            = 217
| alt1              = 
| caption1          = Imaam Cali Shrine oo ku yaalla Najaf, Ciraaq, ayaa waxaa u arka Muslimiinta Shiicada inay tahay goobta ugu quduska badan Islaamka ka dib Makka, Madiina iyo Qudus. Sano kasta, malaayiin xujey ah ayaa booqda oo maamuusa Cali.
| image2            = حرم الامام الحسين.jpg
| width2            = 218
| alt2              = 
| caption2          = Xarunta Imaam Xuseen inta lagu jiro Muxarram ee Karbala, Ciraaq, oo ah goob aad u qudus ka ah Islaamka Shiicada. Xajka Arbacinka ee xarunta ayaa ah isu-soo-baxa dadweynaha sannadlaha ah ee ugu weyn adduunka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Peacock |first=Ruth |date=2024-08-26 |title=Millions join the Arbaeen pilgrimage in Iraq, the biggest annual gathering on earth |url=https://religionmediacentre.org.uk/news/the-largest-annual-event-on-earth-millions-join-the-arbaeen-pilgrimage-in-iraq/ |access-date=2026-02-14 |website=Religion Media Centre |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-08-30 |title=Arba'een Pilgrimage; world's largest annual public gathering |url=https://en.abna24.com/news/1390182/Arba-een-Pilgrimage-world-s-largest-annual-public-gathering |access-date=2026-02-14 |website=ABNA English |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| width3            = 315
| alt3              = 
| footer            = 
| image3            = ImamReza(A).jpg
| caption3          = Xarunta Imaam Riza oo ku taalla Mashhad, Iran, waa masaajidka adduunka ugu weyn, mid ka mid ah goobaha ugu quduska badan Islaamka Shiicada, waana goobta xajka ee ugu badan ee la booqdo Islaamka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB118072271215621679 |title=Inside Iran's Holy Money Machine |last=Higgins |first=Andrew |date=2007-06-02 |work=Wall Street Journal |access-date=2017-10-24 |language=en-US |issn=0099-9660 |archive-date=2016-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424032806/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB118072271215621679 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=soltani |first=mis |title=Islamic Republic of Iran: Over 30 million pilgrims visit Mashhad annually |url=http://www.wocoshiac.org/en/news-events/all-news-en/all-news-b-en/islamic-republic-of-iran-over-30-million-pilgrims-visit-mashhad-annually |access-date=2025-11-18 |website=www.wocoshiac.org |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2014-09-08 |title=Mashhad: A Hub of Tourism and Pilgrimage |url=https://financialtribune.com/articles/travel/171/mashhad-a-hub-of-tourism-and-pilgrimage |access-date=2025-11-18 |website=FinancialTribune|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mashhad waxaa u magacaabay Caasimadda Dhaqanka ee Adduunka Islaamka Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka (OIC).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran's Mashhad dubbed 2017's 'Islamic culture capital' |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/iran-s-mashhad-dubbed-2017s-islamic-culture-capital-/734177 |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=Anadolu |language=tr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-01-25 |title=Mashhad, Cultural Capital of Islamic World in 2017 |url=https://en.hawzahnews.com/news/348440/Mashhad-Cultural-Capital-of-Islamic-World-in-2017 |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=Hawzah News Agency |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-01-24 |title=Iran's Mashhad officially named capital of Islamic culture in 2017 |url=https://en.abna24.com/news/806957/Iran-s-Mashhad-officially-named-capital-of-Islamic-culture-in |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=ABNA English |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-01-25 |title=Mashhad Becomes 2017 Cultural Capital of Muslim World |url=https://iqna.ir/en/news/3462032/mashhad-becomes-2017-cultural-capital-of-muslim-world |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=IQNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
===== Cibaadiyada =====
{{Main|Muhakkima|Cibaadiyada|Khawaarijta}}

Cibaadiyada waa madhab u gaar ah Islaamka waxaana inta badan loo arkaa qaybta saddexaad ee mhabada Islaamka, oo barbar taagan Islaamka Sunnada ah iyo Islaamka Shiicada ah. Xididdadeedu waxay dib u raacaan go'itaankii Khawaarijta ee ka go'een Cali, oo ahaa ina-adeerkii iyo seedigii nabiga Muxammad oo ahaa Imaamkii ugu horreeyay ee Shiicada iyo khaliifkii afaraad ee Khulafo al-Raashidiinta ee Sunnadu. Waxaaba jirta in Cibaadiyiinta casriga ah ay inta badan diadaan in aqiidadooda lagu tilmaamo Khawaarij. Cibaadiyada waxay soo baxday qarniyadii ugu horreeyay ee Islaamka iyadoo ka timaada khilaafaadkii siyaasadeed iyo kuwa tawxiidka ee ku xeernaa Fitnada Koowaad. Dhaqanku wuxuu taariikhiyan u xiran yahay dhaqdhaqaaqii hore ee Muhakkima. Cibaadiyiintu way ka tiro yar yihiin labada mhab ee ugu waaweyn Islaamka, Sunnadu iyo Shiicada. Cibaadiyada waxay weli tahay mid aan si fican u baran dadka ka baxsan, iyadoo ay ku jiraan kuwo aan Muslin ahayn iyo Muslinka Sunnada iyo Shiicada ah.
[[File:Islam branches and schools.png|centre|Dulmar guud oo ku saabsan qaybaha waaweyn iyo mhabada Islaamka]]

===== Qaybaha =====
* Dhaqdhaqaaqa Axmadiyada waxaa lagu aasaasay Hindiya ee Ingiriisku xukumayay 1889 oo uu aasaasay Mirza Ghulam Ahmad oo ka soo jeeda Qadian, oo sheegtay inuu yahay Masiiyadii la ballanqaaday (&quot;Soo laabashada Labaad ee Ciise&quot;), Mahdiga Muslinku dhowrayaan sidoo kale prophet yar oo raaca nabiga Islaamka Muxammad. Waxaa jira fikrado iyo barashooyin kala duwan oo u gaar ah Axmadiyiinta marka loo eego badanka Muslinka kale, kuwaas oo ay ku jiraan fasiraadda cinwaanka Qur'aanka ee Khatam an-Nabiyyin iyo fasiraadda Soo laabashada Labaad ee Masiiyada. deviations-kan loo arko inay ka bixisay fekerka Islaamka ee caadiga ah waxay keeneen in badanka Muslinka ay u arkaan kuwo ka baxay diinta iyo khilaafyada lagu hayo Axmadiyiinta waddamo kala duwan dhexdeeda, gaar ahaan Bakistaan, halkaas oo si rasmi ah looga dhaqangaliyay inaysan Muslin ahayn oo ay dhaqangalisay Xukuumadda Bakistaan. Taabacsanaha Dhaqdhaqaaqa Axmadiyada ee Islaamka waxay u qeybsamaan laba kooxood: ta koowaad oo ah Bulshada Muslinka ee Axmadiyada, oo maanta ah kooxda ugu weyn, iyo Dhaqdhaqaaqa Axmadiyada ee Laahore ee Fafinta Islaamka.
* Calawiyada waa dhaqan Islaam oo doonis leh oo maxalli ah, oo taabacsaneedu ay raacaan barashooyinka qarsoon (bāṭenī) ee Cali iyo Haji Bektash Veli. Calawiyada waa isku dharraaq ka mid ah fikradaha dhaqanka ee Turkiga ee qarnigii 14aad, iyadoo leh xididdo ka imaan kara Tengrism iyo Animism oo barbar socda fikradaha Shiicada iyo Tasawufka. Waxaa la qiyaasay inay jiraan 10 milyan illaa ka badan 20 milyan (~0.5–1% dhammaan Muslinka) oo Calawiyiin ah dunida oo dhan.
* Qur'aaniyuuntu waa dhaqdhaqaaq diimeed ee Islaamka oo ku aasaasan aqiidada ah in sharciga Islaamka iyo xaqiijintu ay tahay oo keliya inay ka timaado Qur'aanka oo aysan ka imaanin sunnada ama Xadiiska, iyadoo Qur'aaniyuuntu ay si muuqata uga kala duwan yihiin habka loo raaco shanta tiro ee Islaamka. Dhaqdhaqaaqu wuxuu soo baxay qarnigii 19aad wixii ka dambeeyay, iyadoo fekerayaal sida Syed Ahmad Khan, Abdullah Chakralawi iyo Ghulam Ahmed Perwez ee Hindiya ay su'aal ka keeneen dhaqanka xadiiska. Ejipt, Muhammad Tawfiq Sidqi wuxuu ku qaray maqaalka ''Islaamku waa Qur'aanka keligiis'' majaladda ''Al-Manār'', isagoo u doodayay awoodda keligeed ee Qur'aanka. Qur'aaniyiin muhiim ah oo qarnigii 20aad ee dambe wuxuu ahaa Rashad Khalifa, oo ahaa biokimiko Masri-Ameerikan ah oo sheegtay inuu helay fure tiro oo ku jira Qur'aanka, wuxuuna aasaasay ururka Qur'aaniyiinta ee United Submitters International.
* Mu'tazilada waxay ahayd madhab hore oo cilmiga tawxiidka Islaamka oo lagu garto isticmaalka caqliga, gaar ahaan marka loo eego labada ilo ee ugu horreeya Islaamka, Qur'aanka iyo xadiiska. Madhabtu waxay ku aasaasantaa shanta usool ee waaweyn: tawxiidka, caddaalada rabbaaniga ah, hubaasha ballanqaadyada iyo digniinaha rabbaaniga ah, meel dhexe oo marka loo eego heerka duniyeed ee duntayda waaweyn, iyo waajibka amarrada wanaagsan iyo ka hortaga xumaanta. Ka dib Sunnadu, Mu'taziladu waxay diadeen aragtida dhaqanka ah ee ah in Qur'aanku yahay hadalka aan la abuurin ee Ilaah, waxayna halkaas ka qabteen in Qur'aanku yahay waxyi la abuuray, si loo adkeeyo koodnimada kheyraatka ee Ilaah. Iyagoo adkaynaya isticmaalka caqliga, waxay u doodeen in dookha xorta ah ee bahaamka uu u oggolaado shakhsiyaadka inay doorataan wanaagga ama xumaanta, taas oo ka dhigaysa kuwo mas'uul ka ah eedooda. Bagse saameynta Mu'taziladu waxay hoos u dhacday dhibaatada bulshada iyo siyaasadeed ee ka timaada Sunnadu darteed, reebitaankooda caqliga wuxuu weli yahay mid muhiim ah fekerka casriga ah ee Islaamka.

=== Muslimiinta aan kooxna ka tirsanayn ===
{{Main|Non-denominational Muslim}}

Muslimiinta aan kooxna ka tirsanayn waa eegmo guud oo loo isticmaalo ama ay isticmaalaan Muslimiinta aan ka tirsanayn ama aan isku tilmaamin mhab gaar ah oo Islaam ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Benakis |first=Theodoros |date=13 January 2014 |title=Islamophoobia in Europe! |work=New Europe |location=Brussels |url=http://neurope.eu/article/islamophobia-europe/ |url-status=dead |access-date=20 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131145036/http://neurope.eu/article/islamophobia-europe/ |archive-date=31 January 2016 |quote=Anyone who has travelled to Central Asia knows of the non-denominational Muslims—those who are neither Shiites nor Sounites, but who accept Islam as a religion generally.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Pollack |first=Kenneth |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=jQGZBAAAQBAJ|page=29}} |title=Unthinkable: Iran, the Bomb, and American Strategy |date=2014 |isbn=978-1-4767-3393-7 |page=29 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |quote=Although many Iranian hardliners are Shi'a chauvinists, Khomeini's ideology saw the revolution as pan-Islamist, and therefore embracing Sunni, Shi'a, Sufi, and other, more nondenominational Muslims}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sahanadii ugu dambeeyay waxay ku warramayaan in qayb weyn oo ka mid ah Muslimiinta ka mid ah kuwa ku nool qaybo ka mid ah dunida ay isku tilmaamaan oo keliya Muslim, inkasta oo ay yar tahay falanqaynta la daabacay ee ku saabsan sababaha ka dambeeya jawaabtan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Burns |first=Robert |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=akWUGyN7fwEC|page=55}} |title=Christianity, Islam, and the West |date=2011 |isbn=978-0-7618-5560-6 |page=55 |publisher=University Press of America |quote=40 per cent called themselves &quot;just a Muslim&quot; according to the Council of American-Islamic relations}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Tatari |first=Eren |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=x_4QBQAAQBAJ|page=111}} |title=Muslims in British Local Government: Representing Minority Interests in Hackney, Newham and Tower Hamlets |date=2014 |isbn=978-90-04-27226-2 |page=111 |publisher=BRILL |quote=Nineteen said that they are Sunni Muslims, six said they are just Muslim without specifying a sect, two said they are Ahmadi, and two said their families are Alevi}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pew Research waxay ku warramaysaa in jawaab-bixiyeyaasha isku tilmaama oo keliya Muslim ay yihiin inta ugu badan ee Muslimiinta ee toddoba waddan (iyo tiro sare saddex kale dhexdeeda), iyadoo heerka ugu sarreeya uu yahay Kasakhstan oo ah 74%. Ugu yaraan mid ka mid ah shan kasta oo Muslim ah ee ugu yaraan 22 waddan wuxuu isku tilmaamaa habkan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pew&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=9 August 2012|title=Chapter 1: Religious Affiliation|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-1-religious-affiliation/#identity|access-date=4 September 2013|website=The World's Muslims: Unity and Diversity|publisher=Pew Research Center's Religion &amp; Public Life Project}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== Tasawufka ==

=== Suufiyada ===
{{Main|Suufiyada}}

{{See also|Xiriirka Salafiga iyo Suufiga}}
[[File:Mevlana Konya.jpg|thumb|Wareegga Suufiga ee Dhismaha Qabriga Suufiga ee Rumi ee Konya, Turkey.]]
Suufiyada (Carabi: تصوف), waa hab ka mid ah Tasawufka Islaamka oo raadiya in lagu helo khibrad shakhsi ah oo toos ah ee Eebbe. Culimadii hore ee Suufiyadu waxay ku tilmaameen tasawufka &quot;cilmiga ujeeddadiisu tahay sixidda wadnaha iyo ka jeedinta dhammaan wixii kale ee aan Eebbe ahayn&quot;, iyada oo loo marayo &quot;awoodda caqliga iyo sharafta&quot; oo laga joojiyo in lagu tababaro. Ahmad ibn Ajiba wuxuu ku tilmaamay tasawufka &quot;ku laabashada dhaqanka, bilowgiisuna yahay aqoon, dhexdiisuna tahay wax-qabad [aqoontaas ku saabsan], dhammaadkiisuna yahay hadiya [ka timaada Allah].&quot; Ma aha qayb ka mid ah Islaamka, taabacsanaha ayaana ka tirsan mhabada kala duwan ee Muslinka. Ismaaciiliya, oo barashadeedu ku aasaasan tahay Gnosticism iyo Neoplatonism iyadoo ay barbar socdaan madhabaha Illuminationist iyo Isfahan ee falsafadda Islaamka, waxay samaysay fasiraado tasawuf ah oo Islaamka ah. Hasan al-Basri, oo ahaa Suufigii hore oo inta badan loo arko mid ka mid ah Suufiyadii ugu horreysay, wuxuu adkeeyay cabsida ka timaada guuldarrada Eebbe ee adkaysiga. Taa beddekeeda, Suufiyadii dambe ee waaweynayd, sida Mansur Al-Hallaj iyo Jalaluddin Rumi, waxay adkeeyeen diinta ku aasaasan jacyada loo qabo Eebbe. Jacyadaas waxay sidoo kale saameyn ku lahaayeen fanka, iyadoo Rumi uu weli yahay mid ka mid ah gabayaaga ugu iibka badan Ameerika. [[File:Sema ceremony many.jpg|thumb|Suufiyada ee Turkey.]]Suufiyadu waxay u arkaan tasawufka qayb aan ka go'in Islaamka. Suufiyadii dhaqanka ahayd, sida Bayazid Bastami, Jalaluddin Rumi, Haji Bektash Veli, Junaid Baghdadi, iyo Al-Ghazali, waxay u doodeen in Suufiyadu ku aasaasan tahay usoolka Islaamka iyo barashooyinka nabiga. Taariikhyahan Nile Green wuxuu u dooday in Islaamka qarniyadii dhexe uu ahaa wax yar ama ka badan Suufiyada. Taabacsanaha dhaqdhaqaaqa Sunnada ee dib-u-soocida ee loo yaqaano Salafiyada waxay u arkeen dhaqannada jacyada ee caanka ah, sida weyneynta awliyada Suufiga, inay yihiin cusbooneysiin ka timaada diintii hore. Salafiyiintu inta badan waxay weerareen Suufiyada, taas oo keentay xumaanshaha xiriirka Suufiga iyo Salafiga. Ururrada Suufiga waxay samayskaan dariiqooyin ku xeeran macallin (wali) oo raaca xiriir ruuxi ah oo dib u raaca Muxammad. Suufiyadu waxay kaqaateen door muhiim ah samaynta bulshooyinka Muslinka iyaga oo loo marayo dhaqdhaqaaqyada baahinta iyo waxbarashada. Dhaqdhaqaaqa Ahle Sunnat ama Barelvi ee uu saameeyay Tasawufku wuxuu sheegtaa in ka badan 200 milyan oo taabacsane ku leeyahay Koonfurta Aasiya. Suufiyadu waxay muhiim ku tahay Aasiyada Dhexe, iyo sidoo kale waddamada Afrika sida Tuniisiya, Aljeeriya, Marooko, Senejaal, Chaad iyo Nayjar.
== Sharciga iyo Fiqhiga ==

=== Shariicada ===
{{Main|Shariicada|Fiqhiga}}

{{See also|Mantiqa ee Falsafadda Islaamka#Sharciga Islaamka iyo Cilmiga Tawxiidka}}
[[File:Madhhab Map3.png|thumb|Madhabaha sharciga Islaamka ee Dunida Muslinka.]]
Shariicada waa tan ka kooban sharciga diinta Islaamka. Doonista ah in la tilmaamo oo lagu ogaado sharciyada hab dhammaystiran oo is-waafaqsan waxay keentay horumarinta aragtida sharciga, oo loo yaqaano fiqhi. Taa beddekeeda, bidco waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu tilmaamo cusbooneysiinta sharciga ka baxsan ee arrimaha diinta. Dhabbooyinka kala duwan, ee loo yaqaano usoolka fiqhiga, ayaa horumaray oo madhabka sharciga ee ka soo baxa dhabbo ku xeeran waxaa loo yaqaanaa madhab. Is-waafaqidda raacda go'aannada khabiir diimeed ama madhab waxaa loo yaqaanaa taqliid. Shuruudda ghayr muqallid waxay u tilmaamaysaa kuwa aan isticmaalin taqliidka iyo, sii dheeraanteeda, aan lahayn madhab. Dhaqanka shakhsigu ku fasirayo sharciga caqliga xor ah waxaa loo yaqaanaa ijtixaad. Kuwa fasira shariicada waxaa loo yaqaanaa muftiyo oo ra'yigooda sharciga ah waxaa loo yaqaanaa fatwo.
[[File:'Abd_Allah_ibn_Shaykh_Murshid_al-Katib_-_Sa'di_and_a_Dervish_Go_to_Settle_their_Quarrel_Before_a_Judge_-_Walters_W618106B_-_Cropped.jpg|thumb|Gabayaaga Saadi Shirazi iyo darwiish waxay u socdaan inay khilaafkooda ku dhameeyaan xakim hortiis, farta qarnigii 16aad oo ka timaada Iiraan.]]
Ilaaha koowaad ee Shariicadu waa Qur'aanka iyo Sunnada. Ilaa saddexaad oo caani ah waa qiyaas (caqli analoji ah) oo loo isticmaalo dhibcooyinka sharciga ah ee aan si toos ah loogu faahfaahin Qur'aanka ama Sunnada. Isku-barbardhigga ayaa la raadiyaa si loo helo illah, ama sababta halkan ku jirta, oo ah sababta ka dambeysa xukunkii hore. Tusaale ahaan, reebitaanka gaarka ah ee khamriga waxaa ka soo baxaya reebitaanka guud ee alkoolka maadaama ay wadaagayaan sababta shaqaynaysa ee loo gartay inay tahay dabeecadda ma zeexisa ee dhammaan cabitaannada alkoolka ah. Madhabka Saahiriga wuxuu adkeeyay saafinimada tooska ah oo sidaas darteed wuxuu diaday qiyaaska. Is-afgaradka ra'yiga waa ijmaac, iyadoo ikhtilaafku u tilmaamayo khilaafka culimada. Xukunnadu waxay ficillada u kala saaraan mid ka mid ah shan qaybood oo loo yaqaano axkaam: farad, mustaxab, mubaah, makruuh, iyo xaraam.

Xilliga casriga ah, sharciyada dambiyada ee ku aasaasan shariicada waxaa inta badan beddelay sharciyo ka yimid moodellada Yurub. Cilmiga dib-u-soocida ee Tanzimat ee Qarnigii 19aad ee Dowladdii Cusmaaniyiinta wuxuu keenay koodka madaniga ee Mecelle wuxuuna ka dhigan yahay dadaalkii ugu horreeyay ee lagu koodiyeeyo shariicada. Iyadoo Dastuurada badanka states-ka Muslinku u badan yihiin ay ku jiraan tilmaamo ku saabsan shariicada, xeerarkeeda dhaqanka ah waxaa inta badan lagu reebay oo keliya sharciyada heerka shakhsiga (famlida). Hay'adaha sharciga ah oo koodiyeeyay sharciyaddan waxay raadiyeen inay casriyeeyaan iyagoon ka tageyn aasaaskooda fiqhiga dhaqanka ah. Dib-u-soocida Islaamka ee qarnigii 20aad ee dambe waxay keentay baaqyo ka yimid dhaqdhaqaaqyada Islaamiyiinta oo ku saabsan fulinta dhammaystiran ee shariicada. Doorka shariicadu wuxuu noqday mowduuc lagu tartamo dunida oo dhan. Waxaa jira doodaha socda oo ku saabsan in shariicadu ay la waafaqsan tahay foomamka cilmaani ee xukuumadda, xuquuqda aadanaha, xorriyadda fekerka, iyo xuquuqda dumarka darteed meelaha ay ka mid yihiin faafreebka iyo doonaanta.
== Bulshada ==
=== Shakhsiyaadka diinta ===
{{Main|Culumada}}
[[File:Maqamat_hariri.jpg|thumb|254x254px|Culimada ku sugan maktabadda Cabbaasiyiinta, Maqamat al-Hariri. Farta uu qray Yahyá al-Wasiti, Baqdaad, 1237 AD.]]
Islaamku maleho wadaado ah macnaha sacerdotalism, sida baaddariyada oo kale oo dhex-dhexaadiya Eebbe iyo dadka. Imaam (Carabi: إمام) waa cinwaanka diinta oo loo isticmaalo in lagu tilmaamo booska hoggaaminta Islaamka, inta badan marka loo eego samaynta adeegga cibaadada Islaamka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Imam|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/imam|access-date=15 January 2023|website=Encyclopedia Britannica}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fasiraadda diinta waxaa hoggaamiya culumada (Carabi: علماء), oo ah shuruud loo isticmaalo in lagu tilmaamo kooxda culimada Muslinka ah ee helay tababarka barashada Islaamka. Caalimka xadiiska waxaa loo yaqaanaa muxaddith, caalimka fiqhiga waxaa loo yaqaanaa faqeeh (Carabi: فقيه), qaanuun-yaqaanka u qalma inuu soo saaro ra'yiga sharciga ah ama fatwooyinka waxaa loo yaqaanaa mufti, qadi-yuna waa xakim Islaam ah. Cinwaannada sharafta leh ee la siiyo culimada waxaa ka mid ah sheekh, mulla iyo mawlawi. Muslinka qaar ka mid ah waxay sidoo kale weyneeyaan awliyada u xiran karaamooyinka (Carabi: كرامات).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Radtke |first1=B. |last2=Lory |first2=P. |last3=Zarcone |first3=Th. |last4=DeWeese |first4=D. |last5=Gaborieau |first5=M. |last6=Denny |first6=F. M. |last7=Aubin |first7=F. |last8=Hunwick |first8=J. O. |last9=Mchugh |first9=N. |title=Walī |orig-year=1993 |year=2012 |editor1-last=Bearman |editor1-first=P. J. |editor1-link=Peri Bearman |editor2-last=Bianquis |editor2-first=Th. |editor2-link=Thierry Bianquis |editor3-last=Bosworth |editor3-first=C. E. |editor3-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth |editor4-last=van Donzel |editor4-first=E. J. |editor4-link=Emeri Johannes van Donzel |editor5-last=Heinrichs |editor5-first=W. P. |editor5-link=Wolfhart Heinrichs |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam |edition=2nd |location=Leiden |publisher=Brill Publishers |doi=10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_1335 |isbn=978-90-04-16121-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== Maamulka ===

{{See also|Siyaasadda iyo Islaamka|Dhaqaalaha Islaamka|Qaanuunka ciidanka ee Islaamka|Tasaamuxa|Jihaadka}}
[[File:Ali and Aisha at the Battle of the Camel.jpg|thumb|Xaasidii Muxammad, Caasha, oo la dagaallamaysa Cali.]]
Fiqhiga dhaqaalaha Islaamka dhexdiisa, kaydsiga hantida si xad-dhaaf ah waa lagu necbyahay, sidaas darteedna dhaqanka maalgashiga monobooliga ah waa laga hoos eegaa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Iqbal2010&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last1 = Iqbal | first1 = Zamir | last2 = Mirakhor | first2 = Abbas | last3 = Krichenne | first3 = Noureddine | last4 = Askari | first4 = Hossein | title = The Stability of Islamic Finance: Creating a Resilient Financial Environment | location = Singapore | publisher = John Wiley &amp; Sons | year = 2010 | language = en | isbn = 978-0-470-82518-1 | p = 75}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dadaallada lagu waafajinayo shariicada waxay keeneen horumarinta bangiyada Islaamka. Islaamku wuxuu reebaa ribada, oo inta badan loo turjumo faa'iido si aan caddaalad ahayn ku timaada ganacsiga, waxaana inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu tilmaamo faa'iidada ribada.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc |c=Riba |in=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online |year=n.d. |last1= Schacht|first1=Joseph}}&lt;/ref&gt; Taa beddekeeda, bangiyada Islaamku waxay iskaashi la sameeyaan amaanadaha, iyagoo labaduba wadaagaya faa'iidada iyo qasaaraha ka soo baxa mashruuca. Shuruud kale waa ka fogaanshaha hubaal-la'aanta, oo loo arko saqajaan (khumaar), bangiyada Islaamkuna dhaqan ahaan waxay ka fogaadaan aaladaha la soocay sida mustaqbalka ama doorashooyinka, taas oo taariikhiyan ka ilaalisay hoos u dhaca suuqyada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Foster|first=John |date=1 December 2009|title=How Islamic finance missed heavenly chance|work=BBC |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8388644.stm|access-date=13 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Domat|first=Chloe|date=20 October 2020|title=What Is Islamic Finance And How Does It Work?|work=Global Finance magazine|url=https://www.gfmag.com/topics/blogs/islamic-finance-faq-what-islamic-finance-and-how-does-it-work|access-date=13 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Khulafadii Raashidiinta iyo Dowladdii Umawiyiinta waxay ku lug lahaayeen qaybinta sadaqada ee ka timaada qasnadda dowladda, oo loo yaqaano Bayt al-maal, ka hor inta aysan noqon dadaal shakhsi ah meelaha sannadkii 720. Khaliifkii ugu horreeyay, Abu Bakar, wuxuu u qaybiyay sakada sida tusaalooyinkii ugu horreeyay ee dakhliga ugu yar ee la dammaanad qaado, iyadoo muwaaddin kasta uu helayay 10 illaa 20 dirham sannadkiiba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Merchant, Brian |date=14 November 2013 |title=Guaranteeing a Minimum Income Has Been a Utopian Dream for Centuries |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/guaranteeing-a-minimum-income-has-been-a-utopian-dream-for-centuries/ |access-date=3 June 2019 |website=VICE}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waagii maamulkii khaliifkii labaad ee Cumar, taageerada carruurta ayaa la soo bandhigay, kuwa da'da ah iyo kuwa nafedana waxay xaq u lahaayeen mushaar,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Al-Buraey |first=Muhammad |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=lT8OAAAAQAAJ|page=}} |title=Administrative Development: An Islamic Perspective |publisher=KPI |year=1985 |isbn=978-0-7103-0059-1 |pages=252–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Akgündüz |first1=Ahmed |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=EnT_zhqEe5cC|page=539}} |title=Ottoman History: Misperceptions and Truths |last2=Öztürk |first2=Said |publisher=IUR Press |year=2011 |isbn=978-90-90-26108-9 |pages=539– |access-date=7 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyadoo khaliifkii Umawiyiinta ee Cumar II uu u qoondeeyay adeego dhagool kasta iyo labadii qafis ee xanuunsan oo dhan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Al-Jawzi|first1=Ibn |url=|title=The Biography and Virtues of Omar Bin Abd al-Aziz – The Ascetic Caliph |publisher=IUR Press |year=2001 |isbn= |page=130 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Saladin the Victorious.jpg|thumb|Salaxaddiin Guuleystaha, uu qray Gustave Doré.]]
Jihaad wuxuu macnehiisu yahay &quot;dadaal ama ilaa qabasho [dhabada Eebbe]&quot;, macnehiisa ugu ballaaranina waa &quot;awoodda, dadaalka, ama awoodda ugu dambeysa oo lagu bixiyo la dagaallanka shay laga xumaado&quot;. Shiicadu gaar ahaan waxay adkeeyaan &quot;jihaadka weyn&quot; oo ah dadaalka lagu gaarayo wanaajinta nafta ee ruuxiga ah iyadoo &quot;jihaadka yar&quot; loo tilmaamo dagaalka. Marka loo isticmaalo sidaas oo keliya, jihaadka inta badan waxaa loo fahmaa foomkiisa ciidanka. Jihaadku waa foomka keliya ee dagaalka ee loo oggol yahay sharciga Islaamka, waxaana lagu dhawaaqi karaa ka dhan ah ujeedooyinka aan sharciyaysnayn, argagixisada, kooxaha dambiyada, reebleyaasha, murtadiinta, iyo hoggaamiyeyaasha ama dowladaha dhibta Muslinka. Badanka Muslinka maanta waxay u fasiraan Jihaadka oo keliya foom دفاع ah oo dagaalka ah. Jihaadku wuxuu oo keliya noqdaa waajib shakhsi ah kuwa la siiyay awoodda. Dadka kale oo dhan, tani waxay dhacdaa oo keliya marka ay jirto diyaargarow guud. Badanka Shiicada Isnaashariyada, jihaadka weerarka ah waxaa oo keliya lagu dhawaaqi karaa hoggaamiye Eebbe uu doortay oo ee bulshada Muslinka ah, sidaas darteedna, wuu hakad ku jiraa tan iyo gaabinta Muxammad al-Mahdi ee sannadkii 868 CE.
=== Nolosha maanta iyo tan aabbanimada/qoyska ===
{{See also|Edabta (Islaamka)|Cuntada reebban ee Islaamka|Islaamka iyo carruurta|Guurka Islaamka|Dumarka Islaamka|Guurka badan ee Islaamka}}
[[File:Salat Eid al-Fitr, Tehran (113344343).jpg|thumb|Haweenay Iiraani ah oo xiran astaan Islaami ah (Xijaab).]]
Cilmiga edabta ee maalinlaha ah wuxuu ku jiraa qaybta edabta, ama hab-dhaqanka. Cuntooyinka si gaar ah loo reebay waxaa ka mid ah hเนื้อ Doofaarka, dhiigga iyo bakhtiga. Caafimaadka waxaa loo arkaa ammaan ka timaada Eebbe, waxyaabaha maaddada ah ee maaddada maanka dooriya, sida cabitaannada alkoolka ah, waa kuwo reebban.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Fahd Salem Bahammam|title=Food and Dress in Islam: An explanation of matters relating to food and drink and dress in Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CRojJ7lnb18C&amp;pg=PP1|publisher=Modern Guide|isbn=978-1-909322-99-8|page=1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhammaan hเนื้อ waa inay ka timaadaa xayawaan geed-daaq ah oo loo qashay magaca Eebbe oo uu qashay Muslin, Yuhuudi, ama Christian, marka laga reebo ugaarta uu qofku ugaarsaday ama kaluumaysay maankiisa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Curtis|2005|p=164}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Esposito|2002b|p=111}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvc |c=Slaughter |first=Ersilia |last=Francesca |year=n.d. |in=McAuliffe}}&lt;/ref&gt; Garaha inta badan waxaa lagu dhiirri-geliyaa ragga sida shay dabiici ah&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=De Sondy |first=Amanullah  |date=28 January 2016|title=The relationship between Muslim men and their beards is a tangled one|work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jan/28/muslim-men-beards-facial-hair-islam |access-date=7 March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo isbeddellada jirka, sida peenijka joogtada ah (sawirka jidhka), inta badan waa reebban iyadoo laga baqayo inay kharribaan ubaahda u go'an.{{efn|Muslinka qaar ka mid ah Shiinaha waagii boqortooyada waxay ka horyimaadeen xiridda cagaha gabdhaha sababtaas oo kale darteed.}} &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.learnreligions.com/tattoos-in-islam-2004393 |title=Are Muslims Allowed to Get Tattoos? |website= |access-date=7 March 2022 |archive-date=8 Bisha Saddexaad 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308040238/https://www.learnreligions.com/tattoos-in-islam-2004393 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Xariirta iyo dahabka waa reebban yihiin ragga Islaamka dhexdiisa si loo dhowro xaaladda miyir-qabka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Glassé |first1=Cyril |title=The New Encyclopedia of Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas_u8y1 |publisher=AltaMira Press |page=[https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas_u8y1/page/158 158] |language=en|year=2001}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haya, oo inta badan loo turjumo &quot;xishood&quot;, mararka qaar waxaa loo tilmaamaa dabeecadda hoose ee Islaamka&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Zine |first1=Jasmin |last2=Babana-Hampton |first2=Safoi |last3=Mazid |first3=Nergis |last4=Bullock |first4=Katherine |last5=Chishti |first5=Maliha |title=American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 19:4 |publisher=International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT) |page=59 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0JM4DwAAQBAJ&amp;q=haya+islam&amp;pg=PA59 |access-date=4 June 2020 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; wuxuuna hagaa badanka nolosha maalinlaha ah ee Muslinka. Tusaale ahaan, dharka Islaamka dhexdiisa wuxuu adkeeyaa heerka xishoodka, oo ay ku jirto xijaabka haweenka. Sidoo kale, nadaafadda shakhsiga ah waa lagu dhiirri-geliyaa shuruudo gaar ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Esposito |first=John |title=Oxford Islamic Studies Online |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t243/e4 |access-date=3 May 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114153249/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t243/e4 |archive-date=14 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Muslim Couple (cropped).jpg|thumb|Saddex laba oo Muslin ah oo ka socda Indoneesiya.]]
Guurka Islaamka dhexdiisa, ninka arooska ah waxaa lagu leeyahay inuu bixiyo meherka aroosadda (mahar).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Waines|2003|pp=93–96}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Esposito|2003|p=339}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvp|Esposito|1998|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qoysaska badankood ee dunida Islaamka waxay leeyihiin hal xaas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Newby |first=Gordon D. |url=https://archive.org/details/conciseencyclope00newb |title=A concise encyclopedia of Islam |publisher=Oneworld |year=2002 |isbn=978-1-85168-295-9 |location=Oxford |page=141}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Nasr |first=Seyyed Hossein |url=https://archive.org/details/islamreligionhis00nasr_0/page/68 |title=Islam : religion, history, and civilization |publisher=HarperOne |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-06-050714-5 |location=New York |page=68}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ragga Muslinka ah waxaa loo oggol yahay inay sameeyaan guurka badan waxayna yeelan karaan illaa afar xaas oo isku mar ah. Waxbarashada Islaamku waxay si adag uga baqaysaa inay adkayso in haddii ninku uusan dammaanad qaadi karin taageerada maaliyadeed iyo ta ruuxiga ah oo siman xaasaskiisa mid kasta, waxaa la dhiirri-geliyaa inuu guursado hal haweenay oo keliya. Sabab lagu tilmaamay guurka badan ayaa ah inay ninka u oggolaato inuu siiyo ilaalin maaliyadeed haween badan, oo laga yaabo inaysan helin taageero kale (tusaale, carrooyinka). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xaaska ugu horreysa waxay shuruud ku xiri kartaa heshiiska guurka in ninku uusan guursan karin haweenay kale inta ay guursan yihiin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Ratno Lukito|title=Legal Pluralism in Indonesia: Bridging the Unbridgeable|page=81|publisher=Routledge}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.islamweb.net/ver2/fatwa/ShowFatwa.php?lang=A&amp;Id=18444&amp;Option=FatwaId |title=IslamWeb |publisher=IslamWeb |date=7 February 2002 |access-date=13 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa sidoo kale jira kala duwanaansho dhaqameed oo aroosyo ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Eaton |first=Gai |url=https://archive.org/details/rememberinggodre0000eato |title=Remembering God: Reflections on Islam |publisher=The Islamic Texts Society |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-946621-84-2 |location=Cambridge |pages=92–93}}&lt;/ref&gt; Polyandry, oo ah dhaqan ay haweenaydu ku guursato laba ama ka badan oo ragg ah, waa ku reebban Islaamka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Why Can't a Woman have 2 Husbands? |url=http://www.14publications.com/question-and-answer/why-cant-a-woman-have-2-husbands/ |access-date=27 December 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223012707/http://www.14publications.com/question-and-answer/why-cant-a-woman-have-2-husbands/ |archive-date=23 December 2015 |website=14 Publications}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:عکس های مراسم ترتیل خوانی یا جزء خوانی یا قرائت قرآن در ایام ماه رمضان در حرم فاطمه معصومه در شهر قم 20.jpg|thumb|Gabdhaha Muslinka ah oo baranaya Qur'aanka lagu dul dhigay rehalada xilliga Ramadaanka ee Qom, Iiraan.]]
Aadada dhalashada ubadka ka dib, adhaanka waxaa lagu dhawaaqaa dhegta midig. Maalinta todobaad, xafladda caqiiqada ayaa la sameeyaa, oo xayawaan lagu qalo oo hantiisa loo qaybiyo masaakiinta. Madaxa ubadka waa la xiiraa, oo lacag la eg miisaanka dhagaha waxaa loo deeqaa masaakiinta. Gudniinka raga, oo loo yaqaano khitaan, inta badan waa lagu dhaqmaa dunida Muslinka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2014 |title=Khitān |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/khitan-Islam |access-date=27 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127165754/https://www.britannica.com/topic/khitan-Islam |archive-date=27 January 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |date=January 2017 |title=Reported Male Circumcision Practices in a Muslim-Majority Setting |journal=BioMed Research International |publisher=Hindawi Publishing Corporation |volume=2017 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.1155/2017/4957348 |pmc=5282422 |pmid=28194416 |doi-access=free |author1-last=Anwer |author1-first=Abdul Wahid |author2-last=Samad |author2-first=Lubna |author3-last=Baig-Ansari |author3-first=Naila |author4-last=Iftikhar |author4-first=Sundus}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=13 August 2009 |title=Islam: Circumcision of boys |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/islamethics/malecircumcision.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121112170938/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/islamethics/malecircumcision.shtml |archive-date=12 November 2012 |access-date=27 May 2020 |work=Religion &amp; ethics—Islam |publisher=Bbc.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; Xaq-dhowridda iyo addeecidda waalidiinta, iyo daryeelidooda gaar ahaan markay da'da yihiin waa waajib diini ah.

Muslinka dhimanaya waxaa lagu dhiirri-geliyaa inuu dhawaaqo Shahaadada si ay u noqoto hadalkiisa ugu dambeeya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book| isbn = 9783643900678| title =Changing European Death Ways| location = Austria| year = 2013| last1=Mathijssen| first1=Brenda|last2=Venhorst|first2=Claudia|last3=Venbrux|first3=Eric|last4=Quartier|first4=Thomas| url =| page = 265 |publisher=Lit }}&lt;/ref&gt; Xaq-dhowridda kii dhintay iyo ka qaybgalka jinaasooyinka ee bulshada dhexdeeda waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah ficillada wanaagsan. Caadooyinka aasidda Islaamka, aasidda waxaa lagu dhiirri-geliyaa si dhakhso ah oo ugu macquulsan, inta badan 24 saac dhexdeeda. Meydka waa la dhaqaa, marka laga reebo shuhadada, oo ay dhaqaan kuwo labka ah oo isku jinsi ah waxaana lagu duubaa dhar aan adkayn oo loo yaqaano kafan. Salaadda jinaasada oo loo yaqaano Salat al-Janazah ayaa la tukadaa. Qaylada ama ooyinta weyn ee baroorgaaga ah waa laga fogaadaa. Sanduuqyada aaska inta badan la ma doorbido oo qabrida inta badan calaamad maleho, xata boqorada.
=== Dhaqanka ===
{{Main|Dhaqanka Islaamka}}

{{See also|Farshaxanka Islaamka|Dhismaha Islaamka|Suugaanta Islaamka|Islaamka iyo kubbadda cagta|Muslinka Dhaqanka}}
[[File:Chinese-style minaret of the Great Mosque 2023.jpg|thumb|Minaaradda qaabka Shiinaha ee Masaajidka Weyn ee Xi'an, oo ka mid ah masaajidda ugu ee Shiinaha ee la dhisay 742 AD.]]
Erayga &quot;dhaqanka Islaamka&quot; waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu tilmaamo dhinacyada dhaqanka ee u gaarka ah diinta, sida ciidaha iyo dharka. Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa si dood ku jirto oo loogu tilmaamo dhinacyada dhaqanka ee dadka Muslinka ah ee dhaqanka ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Melikian |first=Souren |author-link=Souren Melikian |date=4 November 2011 |title='Islamic' Culture: A Groundless Myth |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/05/arts/05iht-rartmelikian05.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=25 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ugudambeyntii, &quot;ilbaxnimada Islaamka&quot; waxay sidoo kale u tilmaami kartaa dhinacyada dhaqanka isku-dhafka ah ee Khilafaadkii hore, oo ay ku jiraan kuwa aan Muslinka ahayn, mararka ka mid ahna loo yaqaano &quot;Islaamiga&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book| publisher = Wiley| isbn = 9781405155144| title =Islamicate Cosmopolitan Spirit | location = United Kingdom| year = 2021| last=Lawrence| first=Bruce| url =| page = xii| quote = }}&lt;/ref&gt; Farshaxanka Islaamku wuxuu ka kooban yahay farshaxanka muuqaalka ah oo ay ku jiraan ilo kala duwan sida dhismaha, farta qurxoon, sawirka, iyo dhoobada, iyo kuwo kale.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Ettinghausen |first1=Richard |first2=Oleg |last2=Grabar |first3=Marilyn |last3=Jenkins-Madina |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780300088670/page/3 |title=Islamic Art and Architecture 650-1250 |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2003 |isbn=0-300-08869-8 |edition=2nd |page=3}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Suarez|first=Michael F.|title=The Oxford companion to the book|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont0002unse_z0d2|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2010|isbn=9780198606536|location=Oxford and New York|pages=331ff|chapter=38 The History of the Book in the Muslim World|oclc=50238944}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyadoo sameynta sawirrada noolaha inta badan ka laga fogaado oo u xiran sharciyada ka dhanka ah sanam-caabudidda, shuruuddan waxaa u fasiray ilo kala duwan culimo kala duwan iyo xilliyo taariikhi ah oo kala duwan.
[[File:Masjid Menara Kudus.jpg|thumb|Masaajidka Menara Kudus ee qarnigii 16aad ee Indoneesiya, oo muujinaya saamaynta Hindiya.]]
Xaddidaaddan waxaa loo isticmaalay in lagu fashilo badnaanta farta qurxoon, joomatariya isku-dhafka ah, iyo qaababka sida ilaha muhiimka ah ee dhaqanka farshaxanka Islaamka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Salim Ayduz |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=or-6BwAAQBAJ&amp;q=islamic+art+idolatry+geometry&amp;pg=PA263 |title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Science, and Technology in Islam |last2=Ibrahim Kalin |last3=Caner Dagli |date=2014 |page=263|publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-981257-8 |quote=Figural representation is virtually unused in Islamic art because of Islam's strong antagonism of idolatry. It was important for Muslim scholars and artists to find a style of art that represented the Islamic ideals of unity (''tawhid'') and order without figural representation. Geometric patterns perfectly suited this goal.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa sii dheer, sawirka Muxammad waa arrin dood ka jirto dhexdeeda Muslinka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|jstor=860736| title = An Indian Picture of Muhammad and His Companions
| author = T. W. Arnold| journal = The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs
| author-link = T. W. Arnold| date = June 1919| volume = 34| issue = 195
| publisher = The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs, Vol. 34, No. 195.
| pages = 249–252}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhismaha Islaamka dhexdiisa, dhaqanka kala duwan wuxuu muujinayaa saamayn sida dhismaha Islaamka ee Waqooyiga Afrika iyo Isbaanishka sida Masaajidka Weyn ee Kairouan oo ka kooban tiirar marmar iyo borfiri ah oo ka yimid dhismayaashii Roomaanka iyo Bizantiinta,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Isichei |first=Elizabeth Allo |url={{Google books|LgnhYDozENgC|page=PA175|keywords=mosque%20kairouan%20roman columns|text=mosque+kairouan+roman+columns|plainurl=yes}} |title=A history of African societies to 1870 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1997 |isbn=978-0-521-45599-2 |location=Cambridge |pages=175 |access-date=6 August 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyadoo masaajidda Indoneesiya inta badan leeyihiin saqafyo heerarka badan leh oo ka yimid qaabka dhaladka ah ee Jafa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first=Gunawan |last=Tjahjono |title=Indonesian Heritage-Architecture |url=https://archive.org/details/architecture00indo/page/88 |year=1998 |publisher=Archipelago Press |location=Singapore |isbn=981-3018-30-5 |pages=88–89 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Taariikhda Islaamku waa taariikhda dayaxa oo ka bilaabanta Hijrada 622 CE, oo ah taariikh oo la sheegay inuu doortay Khaliif Cumar maadaama ay ahayd meel isbeddel muhiim ah u ahayd Muxammad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Muslim-calendar|title=Islamic calendar|website=www.britannica.com|date=|access-date=8 August 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maalmaha barakaysan ee Islaamku waxay ku beegan yihiin taariikho go'an oo ee taariikhda dayaxa, taas oo macnaheedu yahay inay dhacaan xilliyo kala duwan sannado kala duwan oo ee taariikhda Miilaadiga. Ciidaha ugu muhiimsan Islaamka waa Ciidul Fitri (Carabi: عيد الفطر) ee 1-da Shawaal, oo calaamad u ah dhammaadka bisha soomanaanta ee Ramadaan, iyo Ciidul Adxa (Carabi: عيد الأضحى) ee 10-ka Dhul-Hijjah, oo ku beegan dhammaadka Xajka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book| publisher =Oxford University Press| isbn =9780195165203| title =The Islamic World: Past and Present| year = 2004| last=Esposito| first=John| pages = 75–76 |ref=none}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;www.britannica.com-2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pillars-of-Islam|title=Pillars of Islam &amp;#124; Islamic Beliefs &amp; Practices &amp;#124; Britannica|website=www.britannica.com|date=3 May 2023|access-date=16 December 2021|archive-date=5 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905102524/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pillars-of-Islam|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Muslinka Dhaqanka waa shakhsiyaad aan cibaadaysaneyn oo wali lagu aqoonsado Islaamka iyadoo laga duulayo asalka qoyska, dhiirrigelinta shakhsiga ah, ama deegaanka bulshada iyo dhaqanka ee ay ku doorteen inay ku koran.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first1= Cara|last1= Aitchison|author1-link= Cara Aitchison|first2= Peter E.|last2= Hopkins|author3-link= Mei-Po Kwan|author3= Mei-Po Kwan|title= Geographies of Muslim Identities: Diaspora, Gender and Belonging|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=DRnthQxB8lYC&amp;pg=PA147|access-date= 30 June 2013|year= 2007|publisher= Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn= 978-1-4094-8747-0|pages=147}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Islamic Counselling: An Introduction to theory and practice|first=G. Hussein|last= Rassool|year= 2015| isbn=9781317441250| page =10|publisher=Routledge|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o_QsCgAAQBAJ&amp;dq=Muslims+who+are+religiously+unobservant,+secular+or+irreligious+individuals+who+still+identify+with+the+Muslim&amp;pg=PA10|quote=The label 'Cultural Muslim' is used in the literature to describe those Muslims who are religiously unobservant, secular or irreligious individuals who still identify with the Muslim culture due to family background, personal experiences, or the social and cultural environment in which they grew up... For Cultural Muslim the declaration of faith is superficial and has no effect of their religious practices.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== Siyaasada===
[[File:Scotusnfrieze.jpeg|thumb|Muxammad oo lagu muujiyay Adolph Alexander Weinman ee Dhismaha Maxkamadda Sare ee Mareykanka ee Washington, DC isagoo wada seef iyo Qur'aan.]]
Qayb badan oo ka mid ah qarnigii 20aad, aqoonsiga Islaamka iyo maamulka Islaamka ee arrimaha siyaasadda ayaa kordhay horraantii qarnigii 21aad. Siyaasadda Islaamka waa fasiraadda Islaamka oo loo arko il ka mid ah aqoonsiga iyo wax-qabadka siyaasadeed.&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Voll|first1=John O.|last2=Sonn|first2=Tamara|title=Political Islam|url=http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/id/obo-9780195390155-0063|journal=Oxford Bibliographies Online Datasets|year=2009|language=en|doi=10.1093/obo/9780195390155-0063|access-date=2017-05-26|archive-date=2020-02-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223165247/https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0063.xml|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay u doodaysaa dhisidda dawladda iyo bulshada sida ku cad (fahamka u doodayaasha) mabaadi'da Islaamka, halkaas oo Islaamku u shaqeeyo il ka mid ah jagooyinka iyo fikradaha siyaasadeed.&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;Krämer, Gudrun. &quot;Political Islam.&quot; In Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World. Vol. 6. Edited by Richard C. Martin, 536–540. New York: Macmillan, 2004. [http://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/political-islam via Encyclopedia.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713072425/https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/political-islam|date=2018-07-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=March|first1=Andrew F.|title=Political Islam: Theory|journal=Annual Review of Political Science|date=2015|volume=18|issue=1|pages=103–123|doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-082112-141250|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Siyaasadda Islaamka waxaa muriyaal ka dhex jira iyo kuwa ka baxsan tacliinta guud ahaan ugu adeegsadaan si isku mid ah ereyga Islaamiyadda,&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt; waxaana loo haystaa inuu yahay cunsur siyaasadeed oo ka mid ah Soo-reenka Islaamka oo bilaabmay qarnigii 20aad,&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt; halkii uu ka ahaan lahaa oo kaliya nooc kasta oo wax-qabad siyaasadeed oo ay sameeyaan Muslimiintu. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa sidoo kale jirey dadaallo cusub oo lagu kala saarayo Islaamiyadda oo ah dhaqdhaqaaqyo siyaasadeed oo ku basada diinta iyo siyaasadda Islaamka oo ah faham qaran oo casri ah oo ku saabsan Islaamka oo ay wadaagaan jilayaasha cilmaaniga ah iyo kuwa Islaamiga ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Jocelyne Cesari|year=2018|title=What Is Political Islam|url=https://www.rienner.com/title/What_Is_Political_Islam|access-date=2023-01-01|website=www.rienner.com|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|isbn=978-1-62637-692-2|archive-date=2023-01-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106160415/https://www.rienner.com/title/What_Is_Political_Islam|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kooxaha dhowr ah oo ku yaala Bariga Dhexe ayaa u kaftamay inay fikradaha casriynta ku xiraan faragelinta boqortooyadii gumaadkeedii. Wadamada Muslimka ah ee dhowr ah, gaar ahaan Masar iyo Bakistaan, dhaqdhaqaaqyo siyaasadeed oo lid ku ah oo u janjeera dhanka diinta ayaa salka ku dhigtay. Sababaha waa kuwo dhinacyo badan leh. Burburkii Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta wuxuu ahaa dhacdo baaxad weyn oo dhalisay gariirro badan. Gobolku wuxuu la kulmay jahwareer sannado badan maadaama waddamada Carabtu ay hoos tageen saamaynta dhaqanka iyo guulaystayaasha waddamada Yurub. Dhanka cadaadiska dhaqanka oo kordhayay Muslimiintu waxay adkeeyeen aqoonsigooda qaran iyo dhaxalkooda dhaqan, kooxaha qaar waxay ugafeen dhinacyada diinta. Masar dhexdeeda daciifnimada Muslimiinta waxaa lagu eedeeyay u kuปฏิบัตitaanka liidata ee qoraallada diinta. Sida ku cad Hassan al-Banna, dhaqanka Yurub wuxuu ahaa mid maaddiyad ku dhisan, anshax xumo ah oo ku batay ku-tagri-falka heerarka bulshada iyo ribada.

=== Sugaanta ===
{{Main|Islaamiga}}
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Shaqada ugu caansan ee khayaaliga ah ee ka timi dunida Islaamka waa Kumaan iyo Hal Habeen, oo ah ururin sheekooyin hoose/folklore oo ka soo jeeda Sanskriit, Faarisi, iyo ka dib fables Carab ah. Fikradda waxaa saameeyay nooc ka horreeyay Islaamka oo Faarisi ah oo loo yaqaannay Hezār Afsān (Kumaan Sheeko) oo ku tiirsanaa walxaha Hindida ee gaarka ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |last=Marzolph|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam|title=Arabian Nights|year=2007|publisher=Brill|volume=I|location=Leiden}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay gaadhay foomkeeda ugu dambeeyay qarnigii 14aad; tirada iyo nooca sheekooyinku waxay ku kala duwanaayeen farta gacanta mid ka mid ah mid kale.&lt;ref name=&quot;arabianNights&quot;&gt;Grant &amp; Clute, p. 51&lt;/ref&gt; Shaqadan waxay saameyn weyn ku lahayd Galbeedka tan iyo markii loo turjumay qarnigii 18aad, markii ugu horreysay oo uu turjumay Antoine Galland.&lt;ref&gt;L. Sprague de Camp, Literary Swordsmen and Sorcerers: The Makers of Heroic Fantasy, p. 10 {{ISBN|0-87054-076-9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ku-dayasho ayaa lagu qray, gaar ahaan Faransiiska.&lt;ref name=&quot;arabianNights2&quot;&gt;Grant &amp; Clute, p 52&lt;/ref&gt; Jilayaal kala duwan oo ka socda epik-kan ayaa iyaguna noqday calaamado dhaqameed ee dhaqanka Galbeedka, sida Aladdiin, Sindibad Nawaakhida iyo Cali Baba. Tusaale ka mid ah tixda Carabiga iyo tixda Faarisiga oo ku saabsan jacaylka waa Layla iyo Majnuun, oo dib u dhaceysa xilligii Umawiyiinta ee qarnigii 7aad. Waa sheeko naxdin leh oo ku saabsan jacayl aan dhimanayn. Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, oo ah epik-ka qaranka ee Iran-ta Weyn, waa dib-u-sheegid khayaali iyo geesinimo leh oo ku saabsan taariikhda Faarisiga. Amir Arsalan wuxuu sidoo kale ahaa sheeko khayaali ah oo caan ah oo Faarisi ah.

Ibn Tufayl (Abubacer) iyo Ibn al-Nafis waxay ahaayeen hormuudka riwaayadda falsafadda. Ibn Tufail wuxuu qray riwaayaddii ugu horreysay ee Carabi ah Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (Philosophus Autodidactus) iyadoo cavab u ah Al-Ghazali's The Incoherence of the Philosophers, ka dibna Ibn al-Nafis wuxuu sidoo kale qray riwaayad Theologus Autodidactus iyadoo cavab u ah Ibn Tufail's Philosophus Autodidactus. Labada sheeko waxay lahaayeen jilayaal waaweyn (Hayy ee Philosophus Autodidactus iyo Kamil ee Theologus Autodidactus) oo ahaa carruur is-baray oo duurka ku voolaa oo ku noolaa go'doon kuyeel/jasiirad saxara ah, labaduba waxay ahaayeen tusaalayaasha ugu horreeyay ee sheeko jasiirad saxara ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, halka Hayy uu ku nool yahay kaligiis xoolaha jasiiradda saxarada ah inta ka dhiman sheekada Philosophus Autodidactus, sheekada Kamil waxay ka dhib badan tahay jasiiradda saxarada ah ee Theologus Autodidactus, iyadoo u ekaanaysa sheekadii ugu horreysay oo la ogaaday oo ah koreera/hanaqaad oo ugu dambeyntii noqonaysa tusaalaha ugu horreeya ee riwaayadda sayniska khayaaliga ah.&lt;ref&gt;Abu Shadi Al-Roubi (1982), &quot;Ibn Al-Nafis as a philosopher&quot;, Symposium on Ibn al-Nafis, Second International Conference on Islamic Medicine: Islamic Medical Organization, Kuwait (Cf. [http://www.islamset.com/isc/nafis/drroubi.html Ibn al-Nafis As a Philosopher] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080206072116/http://www.islamset.com/isc/nafis/drroubi.html|date=6 February 2008}}, Encyclopedia of Islamic World).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Nahyan A. G. Fancy (2006), &quot;[http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11292006-152615 Pulmonary Transit and Bodily Resurrection: The Interaction of Medicine, Philosophy and Religion in the Works of Ibn al-Nafīs (d. 1288)] {{Wayback|url=http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11292006-152615 |date=20150404020329 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404020329/http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11292006-152615/|date=4 April 2015}}&quot;, pp. 95–101, Electronic Theses and Dissertations, University of Notre Dame.&lt;/ref&gt;

Theologus Autodidactus,&lt;ref&gt;Muhammad b. Abd al-Malik Ibn Tufayl. [https://books.google.com/books?id=yFAR_G7HM3QC Philosophus autodidactus, sive Epistola Abi Jaafar ebn Tophail de Hai ebn Yokdhan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004180638/https://books.google.com/books?id=yFAR_G7HM3QC |date=4 October 2015 }}: in qua ostenditur, quomodo ex inferiorum contemplatione ad superiorum notitiam ratio humana ascendere possit. E Theatro Sheldoniano, excudebat Joannes Owens, 1700.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Ala-al-din abu Al-Hassan Ali ibn Abi-Hazm al-Qarshi al-Dimashqi. The Theologus autodidactus of Ibn al-Nafīs. Clarendon P., 1968&lt;/ref&gt; oo uu qray aqoonyahanka Carabi Ibn al-Nafis (1213–1288),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sFCuoqykV9QC&amp;q=ibn+al+nafis+first+science+fiction+novel&amp;pg=PA236|title=The Cambridge Companion to Utopian Literature|first=Gregory|last=Claeys|date=5 August 2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781139828420|via=Google Books}}&lt;/ref&gt; wuxuu ka shaqeeyaa walxaha sayniska khayaaliga ah sida abuurista iskood u samaysanta, falanqaynta mustaqbalka, dhamaadka dunida iyo qiyaamaha, soo-tegga/sarakicidda, iyo nolosha ka dib. Halkii uu ka siin lahaa sharraxaad mucjiso ama khayaali ah dhacdooyinkan, Ibn al-Nafis wuxuu isku dayay inuu sharraxo walxaha sheekada iyada oo loo marayo aqoonta sayniska ee bijoolajiga, astronomy-ga, cosmology-ga iyo meelaha/juqraafiga oo lagu yaqaannay xilligiisa. Khayaaliga Ibn al-Nafis wuxuu sharraxay baridda diinta Islaamka iyada oo loo marayo sayniska iyo falsafadda Islaamka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Roubi&quot;&gt;Abu Shadi Al-Roubi (1982), &quot;Ibn Al-Nafis as a philosopher&quot;, Symposium on Ibn al Nafis, Second International Conference on Islamic Medicine: Islamic Medical Organization, Kuwait (Cf. [http://www.islamset.com/isc/nafis/drroubi.html Ibnul-Nafees As a Philosopher] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080206072116/http://www.islamset.com/isc/nafis/drroubi.html|date=6 February 2008}}, Encyclopedia of Islamic World).&lt;/ref&gt; Turjumaadaha Ibn Tufail's Philosophus Autodidactus waxay ka muuqdeen Laatiin (1671), Inqiriisi (1708), Jarmal, iyo Dutch. Turjumaadahan luqadaha Yurub waxay ka dib saameyn ku yeesheen Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe&lt;ref&gt;Cyril Glasse (2001), New Encyclopaedia of Islam, p. 202, Rowman Altamira, {{ISBN|0-7591-0190-6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; iyo Robert Boyle's The Aspiring Naturalist.&lt;ref name=&quot;Toomer-222&quot;&gt;G. J. Toomer (1996), Eastern Wisedome and Learning: The Study of Arabic in Seventeenth-Century England, p. 222, Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|0-19-820291-1}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Falsafadda ===
[[File:Persian Scholar pavilion in Viena UN (Rhazes&amp;Khayyam).jpg|thumb|Scholars Pavilion waa taallo ay Iran ugu deeqday Xafiiska Qaramada Midoobay ee Vienna. Sannadlaha aqoonyahannadii Muslimka ahaa ee qarniyadii dhexe, Omar Khayyam, Al-Biruni, Rhazes iyo Avicenna ayaa ku dhex jira dhismaha.]]
Astaamaha ugu caansan ee lagu qeexo falsafadda Islaamka waa &quot;qaabka falsafadda ee lagu dhex abuuray qaabdhismeedka dhaqanka Islaamka.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;RoutledgeEoP&quot;&gt;[http://www.rep.routledge.com/article/H057 &quot;Islamic Philosophy&quot;] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220606082214/https://www.rep.routledge.com/articles/islamic-philosophy;jsessionid=B31B033F077DD5E68E09CC9D35C02105|date=6 June 2022}}, Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy (1998)&lt;/ref&gt; Falsafadda Islaamka, qeexidtan laguma xidho arrimo diimeed oo keliya, mana aha mid ay Muslimiinta oo keliya curiyeen.&lt;ref name=&quot;RoutledgeEoP&quot; /&gt; Aqoonyahanka Faarisiiga ah ee Ibn Sina (Avicenna) (980–1037) wuxuu lahaa ka badan 450 buug oo loo tiriyo. Qoraalladiisu waxay ku saabsanaayeen maadooyin kala duwan, gaar ahaan falsafadda iyo daawada. Buuggiisa daawada ee The Canon of Medicine waxaa loo adeegsaday sida buugga heerka sare ah ee jaamacadaha Yurub ee qarniyo badan. Wuxuu sidoo kale qray The Book of Healing, oo ah encyclopediya saynis iyo falsafad saameyn leh.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|title=Ibn Sina [Avicenna]|url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ibn-sina/|encyclopedia=Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy|date=2024|quote=The Cure...had momentous consequences...his philosophical system dominated intellectual history in both Shi’ite and most of Sunni Islam}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shakhsiyad kale oo ka tirsan Casrigii Dahabiga ahaa ee Islaamka, Avicenna, wuxuu sidoo kale sameeyay dugsigiisa falsafadda ee Avicennism, oo saameyn ku lahaa dhulka Islaamka iyo kan Masiixiga dhexdiisa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Saliba|first=George|author-link=George Saliba|date=1994|title=A History of Arabic Astronomy: Planetary Theories During the Golden Age of Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofarabica0000sali|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofarabica0000sali/page/245 245], 250, 256–257|publisher=New York University Press|isbn=0-8147-8023-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Falsafad kale oo saameyn ku lahaa falsafadda casriga ah wuxuu ahaa Ibn Tufail. Riwaayaddiisii falsafadda ahayd, Hayy ibn Yaqdhan, oo loo turjumay Laatiin siday tahay Philosophus Autodidactus sannadkii 1671, waxay horumarisay mawduucyada empiricism, tabula rasa, dabiicadda iyo korinta, xaaladda suurtogalnimada, materialism,&lt;ref&gt;Dominique Urvoy, &quot;The Rationality of Everyday Life: The Andalusian Tradition? (Aropos of Hayy's First Experiences)&quot;, in Lawrence I. Conrad (1996), The World of Ibn Tufayl: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Ḥayy Ibn Yaqẓān, pp. 38–46, Brill Publishers, {{ISBN|90-04-09300-1}}.&lt;/ref&gt; iyo Molyneux's problem.&lt;ref&gt;Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik Ibn Tufail and Léon Gauthier (1981), Risalat Hayy ibn Yaqzan, p. 5, Editions de la Méditerranée.&lt;/ref&gt; Aqoonyahannada iyo qoraayaasha Yurub ee uu saameeyay riwaayaddan waxaa ka mid ah John Locke,&lt;ref&gt;Russell (1994), pp. 224–39&lt;/ref&gt; Gottfried Leibniz,&lt;ref name=&quot;Wainwright&quot;&gt;Martin Wainwright, [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2003/mar/22/featuresreviews.guardianreview1 Desert island scripts], The Guardian, 22 March 2003.&lt;/ref&gt; Melchisédech Thévenot, John Wallis, Christiaan Huygens,&lt;ref&gt;Russell (1994) p. 227&lt;/ref&gt; George Keith, Robert Barclay, Quakers,&lt;ref&gt;Russell (1994), p. 247&lt;/ref&gt; iyo Samuel Hartlib.&lt;ref name=&quot;Toomer-2222&quot;&gt;G. J. Toomer (1996), Eastern Wisedome and Learning: The Study of Arabic in Seventeenth-Century England, p. 222, Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|0-19-820291-1}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Falsafada Islaamku waxay sii waday horumarka falsafadda ilaa qarnigii 17aad, markii Mulla Sadra uu sameeyay dugsigiisa Transcendent theosophy oo uu horumaray fikradda existentialism-ka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Mulla Sadra's Transcendent Philosophy|first=Muhammad|last=Kamal|year=2006|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=978-0-7546-5271-7|pages=9, 39|oclc=224496901}}&lt;/ref&gt; Falsafado kale oo saameyn lahaa oo Muslimiin ah waxaa ka mid ah Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen), oo ah hormuudka phenomenology iyo falsafadda sayniska iyo dhaleeceeyaha dabiiciga ah ee Aristotelian iyo fikradda Aristotle ee goobta (topos); Al-Biruni, dhaleeceeye dabiiciga ah ee Aristotelian; Ibn al-Nafis, hormuudka riwaayadda falsafadda; Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi, aasaasaha falsafadda Illuminationist; Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, dhaleeceeye mantiqa Aristotelian iyo hormuudka mantiqa inductive-ka; iyo Ibn Khaldun, oo ah hormuudka falsafadda taariikhda.&lt;ref name=&quot;Akhtar&quot;&gt;S.R.W. Akhtar (1997). &quot;The Islamic Concept of Knowledge&quot;, Al-Tawhid: A Quarterly Journal of Islamic Thought &amp; Culture 12 (3). https://www.al-islam.org/al-tawhid/vol-12-no3/islamic-concept-knowledge-sayyid-wahid-akhtar&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Sayniska iyo tiknoolajiyada ===
[[File:Statue of Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi in Urgench.jpg|thumb|Taallada Al-Khwarizmi ee Urgench, Uzbekistan.]]
Ibn al-Haytham waxaa sidoo xaqiiqo ah loo arkaa aabbaha optics-ka, gaar ahaan cadeyntiisa empirik-ka ah ee aragtida intromission-ka ee iftiinka. Jim Al-Khalili wuxuu sheegay 2009 in Ibn al-Haytham 'loogu yeero inta badan &quot;saynisyahankii ugu horreeyay ee dhabta ah ee dunida&quot;.'&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Al-Khalili|first=Jim|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7810846.stm|title=BBC News|date=4 January 2009|access-date=11 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426041228/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7810846.stm|archive-date=26 April 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Al-Khwarizmi wuxuu alifay nidaamyada log base-ka ee maanta loo adeecsado, wuxuu sidoo kale ka qaybqaatay theorems ee trigonometry iyo sidoo kale limits.&lt;ref&gt;Plofker, Kim (2009), Mathematics in India: 500 BCE–1800 CE, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. {{ISBN|0-691-12067-6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxbarashooyinkii ugu dambeeyay waxay muujinayaan inay u badan tahay in fannaaniintii Muslimka ahayd ee Qarniyadii Dhexe ay ogaayeen geometriyada quasicrystal ee decagonal ah ee sare ee la helay kala bar millennium ka dib 1970-yadii iyo 1980-yadii ee Galbeedka, ayna u adeegsadeen shaqada tiled-ka ee dhismaha.&lt;ref&gt;Peter J. Lu, [http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2007/03.01/99-tiles.html Harvard's Office of News and Public Affairs] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314012002/http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2007/03.01/99-tiles.html|date=14 March 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhaqaatiirta Muslimiinta ah waxay ka qaybqaateen sahanka daawada, oo ay ku jiraan anatomy iyo physiology: sida shaqadii Faarisiiga ahayd ee qarnigii 15aad ee uu sameeyay Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas ee loo yaqaan Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy-ga jirka) oo ku jireen sawirro guud oo ku saabsan habka jirka, dareemayaasha iyo habka wareegga dhiigga; ama shaqadii dhakhtarkii Masar Ibn al-Nafis, oo soo bandhigay aragtida wareegga dhiigga ee sambabada. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Abulcasis) wuxuu ka qaybqaatay edbinta qalliinka daawada buuggiisa Kitab al-Tasrif (&quot;Buugga Tanaasulaadka&quot;), oo ah encyclopediya daawa oo ka dib loo turjumay Laatiin oo loo adeegsaday iskoolada daawada ee Yurub iyo Muslimiinta ee qarniyo badan. Horumaro kale oo daawo ah waxay ka tulmeen dhinacyada pharmacology iyo pharmacy.&lt;ref&gt;Turner, H. (1997) pp. 136–38&lt;/ref&gt; Saynisyahannada ugu caansan ee ka mid ah dunida Islaamka ee qarniyadii dhexe waxaa ka mid ah Jābir ibn Hayyān, al-Farabi, Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi, Ibn al-Haytham, Al-Biruni, Avicenna, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, iyo Ibn Khaldun.

Tiknoolajiyada dhexdeeda, dunida Islaamka waxay warqad-sameynta ka qaadatay Shiinaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lucas&quot;&gt;Adam Robert Lucas (2005), &quot;Industrial Milling in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds: A Survey of the Evidence for an Industrial Revolution in Medieval Europe&quot;, Technology and Culture 46 (1), pp. 1–30 [10].&lt;/ref&gt; Aqoonta baaruudda waxaa sidoo kale ka soo muuqatay Shiinaha iyada oo loo marayo waddamada badankooda Islaamka ah.&lt;ref&gt;Arming the Periphery. Emrys Chew, 2012. p. 1823.&lt;/ref&gt; Horumar ayaa lagu sameeyay waraabinta iyo beeraha, iyadoo la adeegsanayo tiknoolajiyad cusub sida mishiinka dabaysha. Dalagyada sida lowska/almond iyo miraha sitrus waxaa loo keenay Yurub iyadoo loo marayo al-Andalus, oo beerashada sonkorta ayaa si tartiib-tartiib ah ay ugu ku-daydeen Yurubiyanku. Ganacsatada Carabta waxay maamuleen ganacsiga Badweynta Hindiya ilaa imaatinka Boortaqiisku ee qarnigii 16aad. Hormuz wuxuu ahaa xarun muhiim ah oo ganacsigan ah. Waxaa sidoo kale ka jirey shabakad cufan oo waddooyinka ganacsiga ee Badda Dhexe, oo ay waddamada aqlabiyadda Muslimka ah ku ganacsan jireen kesooda iyo awoodaha Yurub sida Venice, Genoa iyo Catalonia (sido kale eeg: Indo-Mediterranean). Jidka Xariirta oo ka tallaabaya Aasiyada Dhexe wuxuu marayay dawlado Islaam ah oo u dhexeya Shiinaha iyo Yurub. Soo-bixidda boqortooyooyinka dhaqaale ee waaweyn oo leh kheyraad tiknoolajiyadeed ka dib qabsashadii Timur (Tamerlane) iyo soo-reenka Timurid Renaissance waxaa ka mid ah Boqortooyada Mali iyo Saltanaddii Bengal gaar ahaan, oo ah qaran ganacsi oo caalami ah oo dunida ku yaal, oo Yurubiyanku ku describe gareeyeen &quot;waddanka ugu hodansan ee lagu ganacsado&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Nanda, J. N (2005). Bengal: the unique state. Concept Publishing Company. p. 10. 2005. {{ISBN|978-81-8069-149-2}}. Bengal [...] was rich in the production and export of grain, salt, fruit, liquors and wines, precious metals and ornaments besides the output of its handlooms in silk and cotton. Europe referred to Bengal as the richest country to trade with.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iinjineerada Muslimiinta ee dunida Islaamka waxay sameeyeen isticmaalo warshadeed oo cusub oo hydropower ah, iyo isticmaalo warshadeed oo hore oo ah tidal power iyo wind power.&lt;ref&gt;Ahmad Y. al-Hassan (1976). Taqi al-Din and Arabic Mechanical Engineering, pp. 34–35. Institute for the History of Arabic Science, University of Aleppo.&lt;/ref&gt; Isticmaalka warshadeed ee watermills ee dunida Islaamka wuxuu dib u dhacaa qarnigii 7aad, halka water mills-ka leh giraangiraha jiifa iyo kuwa taagan oo dhan loo adeegsanayay si weyn tan iyo ugu yaraan qarnigii 9aad. Mashiinno warshadeed oo kala duwan ayaa lagu adeegsanayay dunida Islaamka, oo ay ku jiraan fulling mills, gristmills, paper mills, hullers, sawmills, ship mills, stamp mills, steel mills, sugar mills, tide mills iyo windmills. Markii ay gaadhay qarnigii 11aad, gobol kasta oo ka mid ah dunida Islaamka wuxuu lahaa mashiinnadan warshadeed oo shaqaynaya, kuwo ka billowda al-Andalus iyo Waqooyiga Afrika ilaa Bariga Dhexe iyo Aasiyada Dhexe.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lucas&quot; /&gt; Iinjineerada Muslimiinta waxay sidoo kale alifeen crankshafts iyo water turbines, waxay adeegsadeen gears ee mashiinnada iyo mashiinnada biyaha kor u qaada, waxayna hormuud u ahaayeen isticmaalka dam-yada sida il ka mid ah awoodda biyaha, oo loo adeegsaday in lagu siiyo awood dheeraad ah watermills iyo mashiinnada biyaha kor u qaada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hassan&quot;&gt;Ahmad Y. al-Hassan, Transfer Of Islamic Technology To The West, Part II: Transmission Of Islamic Engineering&lt;/ref&gt; Horumaradan waxay suurtogal ka dhigeen in shaqooyinka warshadeed oo hore loogu kexayn jiray shaqaale hanto ama gacanta xilliyadii hore ay noqdaan kuwo la mishiineeyay oo lagu kexo mashiinno beddelkeeda dunidii Islaamka ee qarniyadii dhexe. Wareejinta tiknoolajiyadan oo loo wareejiyay Yurubtii qarniyadii dhexe waxay saameyn ku lahayd Industrial Revolution-ka, gaar ahaan ka soo jeeda proto-industrialised Mughal Bengal iyo Tipu Sultan's Kingdom, iyadoo loo marayo qabsashadii East India Company.

=== Aqsanta ===
[[File:Taj Mahal (Edited).jpeg|thumb|Taj Mahal ee India waxaa loo arkaa masterpiece si caalami ah loo bogsho oo ka tirsan World's Heritage, iyo mid ka mid ah Seven Wonders of the World.]]
{{excerpt|Islamic architecture|only=paragraphs}}

== Saamaynta diimaha kale, iyo Islaamiga ==
{{Main|Islaamiga|Islaamiga waddan ahaan}}
[[File:Mohammed2.jpg|thumb|Nabi Muxammad iyo Rahibkii Sergius, oo uu sameeyay Lucas van Leyden, 1508 AD. Waxay muujineysaa Halsooreedkii Nabi Muxammad ee ku dhex wareegi jiray Yurub.]]
[[File:La.Vie.de.Mahomet Christies.jpg|thumb|403x403px|Nabi Muxammad oo haysta seef iyo bilal halka uu ku tunto dunida, iskutallaabta, iyo Tobanka Amrood. Waxaa sameeyay Humphrey Prideaux, 1699.]]
[[File:Nuremberg chronicles - Mohammed (CLIv).jpg|thumb|Nabi Muxammad oo fadhiya dhanka bidix, oo ku sawiran Nuremberg Chronicle, 1440 AD.]]
Haddii dhaqdhaqaaqyada sida Druze,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=De McLaurin |first=Ronald |url=https://archive.org/details/politicalroleofm0000unse |title=The Political Role of Minority Groups in the Middle East |publisher=Michigan University Press |year=1979 |isbn=978-0-03-052596-4 |page=114 |quote=Theologically, one would have to conclude that the Druze are not Muslims. They do not accept the five pillars of Islam. In place of these principles, the Druze have instituted the seven precepts noted above...}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Hunter |first=Shireen |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsofislami0000unse |title=The Politics of Islamic Revivalism: Diversity and Unity: Center for Strategic and International Studies (Washington, D.C.), Georgetown University. Center for Strategic and International Studies |publisher=University of Michigan Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-253-34549-3 |page=33 |quote=Druze – An offshoot of Shi'ism; its members are not considered Muslims by orthodox Muslims.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=R. Williams |first=Victoria |title=Indigenous Peoples: An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival [4 volumes] |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2020 |isbn=978-1-4408-6118-5 |page=318 |quote=As Druze is a nonritualistic religion without requirements to pray, fast, make pilgrimages, or observe days of rest, the Druze are not considered an Islamic people by Sunni Muslims.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Berghouata iyo Ha-Mim, ay ka soo baxeen Islaamka ama ay la wadaageen rumayntooda gaarka ah Islaamka, iyo haddii mid kastaa yahay diin gooni ah ama firqad ka mid ah Islaamka waa aragtiyo dood ku jiraan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=D. Grafton |first=David |title=Piety, Politics, and Power: Lutherans Encountering Islam in the Middle East |publisher=Wipf and Stock Publishers |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-63087-718-7 |page=14 |quote=In addition, there are several quasi-Muslim sects, in that, although they follow many of the beliefs and practices of orthodox Islam, the majority of Sunnis consider them heretical. These would be the Ahmadiyya, Druze, Ibadi, and the Yazidis.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Caqiidada Druze waxay sii kala qaybisay Ismaaciiliyada maadaama ay horumarisay caqiidooyinkeeda gaarka ah, waxayna ugu dambeyntii ka sootagday Ismaaciiliyada iyo Islaamka labadaba; kuwan waxaa ka mid ah rumaynta in Imaamka Al-Xaakim bi-Amr Allaah uu ahaa Ilaah jisoobay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last=Poonawala |first=Ismail K. |date=July–September 1999 |title=Review: ''The Fatimids and Their Traditions of Learning'' by Heinz Halm |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-american-oriental-society_july-september-1999_119_3/page/542 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |publisher=American Oriental Society |volume=119 |issue=3 |page=542 |doi=10.2307/605981 |issn=0003-0279 |jstor=605981 |lccn=12032032 |oclc=47785421}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | last = Bryer | first = David R. W. | title = The Origins of the Druze Religion (Fortsetzung) | journal = Der Islam | year = 1975 | volume = 52 | issue = 2 | pages = 239–262 | doi = 10.1515/islm.1975.52.2.239 | s2cid = 162363556 | url = https://doi.org/10.1515/islm.1975.52.2.239 | issn = 1613-0928 | ref = {{harvid|Bryer|1975b}} | url-access = subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yazdânism waxaa loo arkaa isku-dhafan ka mid ah rumaynta dhaladka ee Kurdiida iyo caqiidada Suufiyada Islaamka ee loo soo bandhigay Kurdistan ee Sheekh Cadi ibn Musafir ee qarnigii 12aad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Foltz |first=Richard |title=Religions of Iran: From Prehistory to the Present |url=https://archive.org/details/religionsofiranf0000folt |date=7 November 2013 |isbn=978-1-78074-307-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/religionsofiranf0000folt/page/219 219] |chapter=Two Kurdish Sects: The Yezidis and the Yaresan |publisher=Oneworld Publications |chapter-url= |chapter-url-access=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bábism waxay ka soo bilaabatay Shiicada Isnaashariyada ee martay Siyyid 'Ali Muhammad i-Shirazi al-Bab iyadoo mid ka mid ah taageerayaashiisa Mirza Husayn 'Ali Nuri Baha'u'llah uu aasaasay Caqiidada Baha'i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=House of Justice |first=Universal |title=One Common Faith |url=http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/bic/OCF/ocf-8.html |access-date=1 April 2017 |website=reference.bahai.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yarsanism,&lt;ref name=&quot;Z. Mir-Hosseini 1994, p.267&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last=Mir-Hosseini |first=Z. |date=1994 |title=Inner Truth and Outer History: The Two Worlds of the Ahl-e Haqq of Kurdistan |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-middle-east-studies_1994-04_26_2/page/267 |journal=International Journal of Middle East Studies |volume=26 |pages=267–268}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din-i Ilahi,{{sfnp|Roychoudhury|1941|page=306}} iyo Ali-Illahism&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Layard |first=Austen Henry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-SQe_sNtIaMC&amp;q=ali%2520illahism&amp;pg=PA216 |title=Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon: With Travels in Armenia, Kurdistan and the Desert: Being the Result of a Second Expedition Undertaken for the Trustees of the British Museum |date=2010-08-31 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781108016773 |page=216 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxaa loo arkaa kuwo ka sootagay Islaamka. Sikhism, oo uu aasaasay Guru Nanak oo ku sugan Punjab qarnigii 15aad ee dambe, waxaa saameeyay Islaamku.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Elsberg |first=Constance |date=2003 |title=Graceful Women |publisher=University of Tennessee Press |isbn=978-1-57233-214-0 |pages=27–28}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dhaleeceynta ==
{{Main|Dhaleeceynta Islaamka}}

{{see also|Dhaleeceynta Muxammad|Dhaleeceynta Qur'aanka}}
Dhaleeceynta Islaamku waxay jirtay tan iyo heeraradeedii ugu horreeyay. Dhaleeceyntii hore waxay ka timid qoraayaal Yahuud ah, sida Ibn Kammuna, iyo qoraayaal Masiixi ah, oo kuwo badan oo ka mid ah ay u arkayeen Islaamka bidco Masiixi ah ama nooc sanam-caabudid ah, iyagood inta badan ku fashilayay terms apocalyptic ah.{{sfnp|Fahlbusch et al|2001|p=[{{google books|plainurl=y|id=yaecVMhMWaEC|page=759}} 759]}} Qoraayaasha Masiixiyiinta ahi waxay dhaleeceeyeen sharraxaadaha laab-lakacsan ee Islaamku ka bixiyo jannada. Qarnigii sagaalaad aqoonyahankii Muslinka ahaa ee Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari wuxuu u dooday sharraxaadda Qur'aanka ee jannada iyadoo sheegaysa in Baybalku sidoo kale tilmaamayso fikradahaas, sida cabbidda khamriga ee jannada dhexdeeda oo ku jirta Injiilka Matayos. Caalimkii Masiixiga ahaa ee qarnigii 4aad Augustine ee Hippo caqiidooyinkiisu waxay keeneen diidmo baahsan oo ku saabsan raaxada jidhka ee nolosha iyo aakhiro dhexdeeda labadaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |author=Christian Lange |title=Paradise and Hell in Islamic Traditions |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-521-50637-3 |pages=18–20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sawirro aflaadaad ah oo ka dhan ah Muxammad, oo ka soo bilaabmay sawirraddii hore ee qarnigii 7aad ee Kaniisadda Ortodokska Bari ee Boqortooyada Bizantiinta,&lt;ref&gt;Reeves, Minou, and P. J. Stewart. 2003. ''Muhammad in Europe: A Thousand Years of Western Myth-Making''. NYU Press. {{ISBN|978-0-8147-7564-6}}. p. 93–96.&lt;/ref&gt; waxay ka muuqdaan gabayga qarnigii 14aad ee Divine Comedy oo uu qaray Dante Alighieri. Halkan, Muxammad waxaa lagu muujiyay goobta sideedaad ee jahannamada, iyadoo la joogo Cali. Dante ma eedayno Islaamka guud ahaan laakiin wuxuu eedaynayaa Muxammad kala qaybin, maadaama uu aasaasay diin kale Masiixiyadda ka dib.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stone&quot;&gt;Stone, G. 2006. ''Dante's Pluralism and the Islamic Philosophy of Religion''. Springer Publishing. {{ISBN|978-1-4039-8309-1}}. p. 53–54.&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhaleeceynaha kale waxay diiradda saaraan la-dhaqanka shakhsiyaadka ee gudaha waddamada casriga ah ee Muslinku ku badan yahay, oo ay ku jiraan arrimo ku saabsan xuquuqda aadanaha, goorta ay si dhow u la xiriirto fulinta sharciga Islaamka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first1=Yohanan|last1=Friedmann|year=2003|title=Tolerance and Coercion in Islam: Interfaith Relations in the Muslim Tradition|url=https://archive.org/details/tolerancecoercio00frie|url-access=limited|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/tolerancecoercio00frie/page/n31 18], 35|isbn=978-0-521-02699-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale, isbeddellada dhowaan ee dhaqammada kala duwan ka dib, kartida loo malaynayo inay leeyihiin soo-galootiga Muslinka ah ee Galbeedka si ay u la qabsadaan waa la dhaleeceeyay oo waxaa loo eedeeyay asalka Islaamka kuwo ka mid ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Modood |first=Tariq |url=https://archive.org/details/multiculturalism00modo |title=Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship: A European Approach |date=6 April 2006 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-35515-5 |edition=1st |page=[https://archive.org/details/multiculturalism00modo/page/n43 29] |url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ugu dambeyntii cilmi-baaris{{what|date=April 2026}} waxay heshay in diindhaqameedka Islaamka oo sarreeya uu la xiriiro xagjirinimada Islaamka oo sarreysa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Kamenowski |first1=Maria |last2=Manzoni |first2=Patrik |last3=Haymoz |first3=Sandrine |last4=Isenhardt |first4=Anna |last5=Jacot |first5=Cédric |last6=Baier |first6=Dirk |date=2021-06-17 |title=Religion as an influencing factor of right-wing, left-wing and Islamist extremism. Findings of a Swiss youth study |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=16 |issue=6 |article-number=e0252851 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0252851 |doi-access=free |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=8211158 |pmid=34138885 |bibcode=2021PLoSO..1652851K }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tixraacyo==
===Qoraallo===
{{notelist}}
{{reflist|group=note}}

===Qur'aan iyo xadiis===
{{Reflist|group=lower-roman}}
===Xigasho===
{{reflist}}
=== Ilaha ===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book |last=Ahmed |first=Imad-ad-Dean |title=Signs in the heavens |volume=2 |publisher=Amana Publications |year=2006 |isbn=1-59008-040-8}}
* {{cite book |last=Arnold|first=Thomas |title=The Preaching of Islam: A History of the Propagation of the Muslim Faith.|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.536294|volume= |publisher= |year=1896 |isbn=}}
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* {{cite book |last=Blankinship |first=K. |year=2008 |chapter=The early creed |editor=T. Winter |title=The Cambridge Companion to Classical Islamic Theology |url=https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani0000unse_o9b4 |series=Cambridge Companions to Religion |pages=[https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani0000unse_o9b4/page/33 33]–54 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/CCOL9780521780582.003|isbn=978-0-521-78058-2 }}
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| location = Boston| year = 2005| url =https://archive.org/details/earthitspeoplesg0000unse_q4r6| page = | quote = }}
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* {{cite book |last=Çakmak |first=Cenap |title=Islam: A Worldwide Encyclopedia |url=https://archive.org/details/islamworldwideen0002unse |series=4 volumes |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-61069-217-5}}
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* {{Cite book |last=Esposito |first=John |url=https://archive.org/details/unholywarterrori0000espo |title=Unholy War: Terror in the Name of Islam |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2002a |isbn=978-0-19-516886-0 |author-mask=1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Esposito |first=John |title=What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/whateveryoneneed0000espo |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2002b |isbn=978-0-19-515713-0 |author-mask=1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Esposito |first=John |url=https://archive.org/details/islamstraightpat0001espo |title=Islam: The Straight Path |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-19-518266-8 |edition=Revised 3rd |author-mask=1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Esposito |first=John |title=Islam: The Straight Path |url=https://archive.org/details/islamstraightpat0000espo_e0l3 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-19-539600-3 |edition=4th |author-mask=1}}
* {{cite book |last=Esposito |first=John |year=2011 |title=What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/whateveryoneneed0000espo_n1c8 |edition=2nd |place=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-979413-3 |author-mask=1}}[https://web.archive.org/web/20080204031050/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/book_wenkai.html Lay summary]
* {{Cite book |last1=Esposito |first1=John |url=https://archive.org/details/muslimsonamerica00yvon |title=Muslims on the Americanization Path? |last2=Haddad |first2=Yvonne Yazbeck |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-19-513526-8}}
* {{Cite book |last=Farah |first=Caesar |title=Islam: Beliefs and Observances |publisher=Barron's Educational Series |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-8120-1853-0 |edition=5th |author-link=Caesar E. Farah}}
* {{Cite book |last=Farah |first=Caesar |url=https://archive.org/details/islambeliefsobse00fara_0 |title=Islam: Beliefs and Observances |publisher=Barron's Educational Series |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-7641-2226-2 |edition=7th |author-mask=1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Firestone |first=Reuven |title=Jihad: The Origin of Holy War in Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/jihadoriginofhol0000fire |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-19-512580-1}}
* {{Cite book | last1=Goldschmidt | first1=Arthur Jr. |title=A Concise History of the Middle East |last2=Davidson |first2=Lawrence |publisher=Westview Press |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8133-4275-7 |edition=8th |url=https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof0008gold |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Griffith |first1=Ruth Marie |author1-link=Ruth Marie Griffith |title=Women and Religion in the African Diaspora: Knowledge, Power, and Performance |url=https://archive.org/details/womenreligionina0000unse_t8y4 |last2=Savage |first2=Barbara Dianne |author2-link=Barbara D. Savage |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-8018-8370-5}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Haddad |first1=Yvonne Yazbeck |last2=Smith |first2=Jane I. |author-link=Jane Idleman Smith |title=Muslims in the West: Visible and Invisible |place=Walnut Creek, CA |publisher=Altamira |year=2002}}
* {{Cite book |last=Hedayetullah |first=Muhammad |title=Dynamics of Islam: An Exposition |publisher=Trafford Publishing |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-55369-842-5}}
* {{Cite book |editor-last1=Holt |editor-first1=P.M. |editor-last2=Lewis |editor-first2=Bernard |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1977 |isbn=978-0-521-29136-1 |title=The Cambridge History of Islam |volume=1 |author-link2=Bernard Lewis}}
* {{Cite book |editor-last1=Holt |editor-first1=P.M. |editor-last2=Lambton |editor-first2=Ann K.S. |editor2-link=Ann Lambton |editor-last3=Lewis |editor-first3=Bernard |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1977 |isbn=978-0-521-29137-8 |title=The Cambridge History of Islam |volume=2}}
* {{Cite book |editor-last1=Holt |editor-first1=P.M. |editor-last2=Lambton |editor-first2=Ann K.S. |editor-last3=Lewis |editor-first3=Bernard |title=The Cambridge History of Islam |volume=1A |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-521-21946-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory00holt_798 |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Hourani |first1=Albert |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofarabpeo0122hour_06BYS |title=A History of the Arab Peoples |publisher=Belknap Press |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-674-01017-8 |author-link=Albert Hourani}}
* {{cite book |title=The Caliphate of Banu Umayyah the first Phase, Ibn Katheer, Taken from Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah |author=Ismāʻīl ibn ʻUmar Ibn Kathīr |isbn=978-603-500-080-2 |translator=Yoosuf Al-Hajj Ahmad |place=Riyadh |publisher=Maktaba Dar-us-Salam |year=2012}}
* {{Cite book |last=Kobeisy |first=Ahmed Nezar |title=Counseling American Muslims: Understanding the Faith and Helping the People |url=https://archive.org/details/counselingameric0000kobe |publisher=Praeger Publishers |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-313-32472-7}}
* {{Cite book |last=Kramer |first=Martin |title=Shi'Ism, Resistance, and Revolution |url=https://archive.org/details/shiismresistance0000unse |publisher=Westview Press |year=1987 |isbn=978-0-8133-0453-3}}
* {{Cite book |last=Lapidus |first=Ira |title=A History of Islamic Societies |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofislamic0000lapi_t2d2 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-521-77933-3 |edition=2nd}}
* {{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Bernard |title=The Jews of Islam |publisher=Routledge &amp; Kegan Paul |year=1984 |isbn=978-0-7102-0462-2 |author-link=Bernard Lewis}}
* {{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Bernard |title=The Arabs in History |url=https://archive.org/details/arabsinhistory0000bern |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-19-285258-8 |author-mask=1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Bernard |url=https://archive.org/details/middleeastbriefh0000lewi |title=The Middle East |publisher=Scribner |year=1997 |isbn=978-0-684-83280-7 |author-mask=1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Bernard |url=https://archive.org/details/islaminhistory00bern |title=Islam in History: Ideas, People, and Events in the Middle East |publisher=Open Court Publishing Company |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-8126-9518-2 |edition=2nd |author-mask=1 |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Bernard |url=https://archive.org/details/whatwentwrongcl00lewi |title=What Went Wrong?: The Clash Between Islam and Modernity in the Middle East |publisher=Harper Perennial |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-06-051605-5 |edition=reprint |author-mask=1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Bernard |url=https://archive.org/details/crisisofislam00bern |title=The Crisis of Islam: Holy War and Unholy Terror |publisher=Random House, Inc., New York |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8129-6785-2 |author-mask=1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Madelung |first=Wilferd |title=The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate |url=https://archive.org/details/successiontomuam0000made |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-521-64696-3 |author-link=Wilferd Madelung}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Malik |first1=Jamal |title=Sufism in the West |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780415274074 |last2=Hinnells |first2=John R. |publisher=Routledge |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-415-27408-1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Momen |first=Moojan |title=An Introduction to Shi'i Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shi'ism |publisher=Yale University Press |year=1987 |isbn=978-0-300-03531-5}}
* {{Cite book |last=Nasr |first=Seyed Hossein |author-link=Seyyed Hossein Nasr |year=2003 |title=The Heart of Islam: Enduring Values for Humanity|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780060099244 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Nasr |first=Seyed Muhammad |url=https://archive.org/details/ourreligions00shar |title=Our Religions: The Seven World Religions Introduced by Preeminent Scholars from Each Tradition (Chapter 7) |publisher=HarperCollins |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-06-067700-8}}
* {{Cite book |last=Nigosian |first=Solomon Alexander |title=Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices |publisher=Indiana University Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-253-21627-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/islamitshistoryt0000nigo |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book |last=Peacock|first=A.C.S.|title=Islam, Literature and Society in Mongol Anatolia|date=2019 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume= |page=|doi= 10.1017/9781108582124|isbn=978-1-108-58212-4|s2cid=211657444}}
* {{Cite book |last=Peters |first=F. E. |url=https://archive.org/details/islamguideforjew00fepe |title=Islam: A Guide for Jews and Christians |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-691-11553-5}}
* {{Cite report  |date=October 2009 |title=Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population |publisher=Pew Research Center |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf |access-date=25 May 2020 |ref={{sfnref|Pew Forum for Religion &amp; Public Life|2009}} }} [https://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/ Overview].
* {{Cite book |last=Rippin |first=Andrew |url=https://archive.org/details/muslimstheirreli0000ripp |title=Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices |publisher=Routledge |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-415-21781-1 |edition=2nd |author-link=Andrew Rippin}}
* {{cite book |last=Roychoudhury |first=Makhanlal |year=1941 |title=The Din-i Ilahi, or, The Religion of Akbar |publisher=University of Calcutta |oclc=3312929 |url=https://archive.org/details/diniilahiorthere031361mbp |via=Internet Archive}}
* {{cite journal |last=Serjeant |first=R.B. |date=1978 |title=Sunnah Jami'ah, pacts with the Yathrib Jews, and the Tahrim of Yathrib |journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies |volume=41 |pages=1–42 |publisher=Cambridge University Press|doi=10.1017/S0041977X00057761 |s2cid=161485671 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Sachedina |first=Abdulaziz |title=The Just Ruler in Shi'ite Islam: The Comprehensive Authority of the Jurist in Imamite Jurisprudence |publisher=Oxford University Press US |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-19-511915-2 |author-link=Abdulaziz Sachedina}}
* {{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Jane I. |author-link=Jane Idleman Smith |title=The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-19-515649-2}}
* {{Cite book |editor-last=Stefon |editor-first=Matt |title=Islamic Beliefs and Practices |publisher=Britannica Educational Publishing |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-61530-060-0 |location=New York |url=https://archive.org/details/islamicbeliefspr0000stef |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Ṭabāṭabāʼī |first1=Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn |title=Shi'ite Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/shiiteislam0000taba |translator-last=Nasr |translator-first=Seyyed Hossein |publisher=SUNY Press |year=1979 |isbn=978-0-87395-272-9 |author-link=Allameh Tabatabaei}}
* {{Cite book |last=Teece |first=Geoff |url=https://archive.org/details/islam0000teec_a5d6 |title=Religion in Focus: Islam |publisher=Franklin Watts Ltd |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-7496-4796-4}}
* {{Cite book |last=Trimingham |first=John Spencer |title=The Sufi Orders in Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/sufiordersinisla0000trim_x5k7 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-19-512058-5}}
* {{Cite book |last=Turner |first=Colin |title=Islam: the Basics |url=https://archive.org/details/islambasics0000turn |publisher=Routledge |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-415-34106-6 |location=London}}
* {{Cite book |last=Turner |first=Bryan S. |title=Weber and Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/weberislam0001turn |publisher=Routledge |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-415-17458-9 |location=London}}
* {{Cite book |last=Waines |first=David |title=An Introduction to Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontois0000wain_y8x7 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-521-53906-7}}
* {{Cite book |last=Watt |first=W. Montgomery |title=The Formative Period of Islamic Thought |url=https://archive.org/details/formativeperiodo0000watt |publisher=University Press Edinburgh |year=1973 |isbn=978-0-85224-245-2 |author-link=William Montgomery Watt}}
* {{Cite book |last=Watt |first=W. Montgomery |url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadprophets00watt |title=Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1974 |isbn=978-0-19-881078-0 |edition=New |author-mask=1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Weiss |first=Bernard G. |title=Studies in Islamic Legal Theory |publisher=Brill Academic publishers |year=2002 |isbn=978-90-04-12066-2 |location=Boston |author-link=Bernard G. Weiss}}
{{Refend}}

=== Qaamuusyo iyo encyclopedias ===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* {{harvc |last1=Gardet|first1=L.|last2=Jomier|first2=J.|year=2012|c=Islām |in=Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.)}} {{doi|10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0387}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia |title=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia |ref={{harvid|Fahlbusch et al|2001}} |editor-last=Fahlbusch |editor-first=Erwin |display-editors=etal |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=yaecVMhMWaEC}} |title=The Encyclopedia of Christianity |publisher=Brill Publishers |year=2001 |isbn=978-90-04-11695-5 |volume=2}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |year=1913–1936 |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam |editor1-last=Houtsma |editor1-first=M.T. |editor1-link=Martijn Theodoor Houtsma |editor2-first=T.W. |editor2-last=Arnold |editor2-link=Thomas Walker Arnold |editor3-first=R. |editor3-last=Basset |editor4-first=R. |editor4-last=Hartmann |edition=1st |place=Leiden |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-08265-6 |ref={{harvid|Encyclopaedia of Islam (1st ed.)|1913–1936}}}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |year=2012 |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam |editor-last=Bearman |editor-first=P.J. |issn=1573-3912 |editor1-link=Peri Bearman |editor2-first=Th. |editor2-last=Bianquis |editor3-first=C.E. |editor3-last=Bosworth |editor3-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth |editor4-first=E. |editor4-last=van Donzel |editor5-first=W.P. |editor5-last=Heinrichs |editor5-link=Wolfhart Heinrichs |edition=2nd |place=Leiden |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-16121-4 |ref={{harvid|Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.)|2012}}}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |editor-last=Bearman |editor-first=P.J. |issn=1573-3912 |editor1-link=Peri Bearman |editor2-first=Th. |editor2-last=Bianquis |editor3-first=C.E. |editor3-last=Bosworth |editor3-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth |editor4-first=E. |editor4-last=van Donzel |editor5-first=W.P. |editor5-last=Heinrichs |editor5-link=Wolfhart Heinrichs |ref={{harvid|Encyclopaedia of Islam Online|n.d.}} |date=n.d. |url=https://brill.com/view/package/eio?language=en |url-access=subscription}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia |year=2004 |title=Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World |series=Macmillan Reference Books |publisher=Thomson-Gale |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofis0001unse |editor-last=Martin |editor-first=Richard C. |isbn=978-0-02-865603-8}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia |title=Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an Online |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |date=n.d. |editor-first=Jane Dammen |editor-last=McAuliffe |editor-link=Jane Dammen McAuliffe}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |title=Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān |volume=2 |editor-first=Jane Dammen |editor-last=McAuliffe |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |year=2002}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |title=Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān |volume=3 |editor-first=Jane Dammen |editor-last=McAuliffe |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |year=2003}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia |title=Encyclopedia of Religious Rites, Rituals, and Festivals |publisher=Routledge |editor-last=Salamone |editor-first=Frank |edition=1st |isbn=978-0-415-94180-8 |series=Routledge Encyclopedias of Religion and Society |volume=6 |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofre00sala |jstor=j.ctt1jd94wq |year=2004}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia |year=2003 |title=The New Encyclopedia of Islam |publisher=AltaMira Press |url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas |editor-last=Glassé |editor-first=Cyril |series=Revised Edition of the Concise Encyclopedia of Islam |isbn=978-0-7591-0190-6 |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia |editor-last=Esposito |editor-first=John |title=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-19-512558-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary00bada |url-access=registration}} {{doi|10.1093/acref/9780195125580.001.0001}} – via Oxford Reference.
* {{Cite encyclopedia |editor-last=Esposito |editor-first=John |year=2004 |title=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam |place=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-975726-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E324pQEEQQcC}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia |year=2006 |title=The Qur'an: An Encyclopedia |publisher=Routledge |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=isDgI0-0Ip4C|page=}} |editor-last=Leaman |editor-first=Oliver |isbn=978-0-415-32639-1}}
{{Refend}}

== Akhrin dheeraad ah ==
{{Refbegin}}
* Abdul-Haqq, Abdiyah Akbar (1980). ''Sharing Your Faith with a Muslim''. Minneapolis: Bethany House Publishers. ''N.B''. Presents the genuine doctrines and concepts of Islam and of the Holy Qur'an, and this religion's affinities with Christianity and its Sacred Scriptures, in order to &quot;dialogue&quot; on the basis of what both faiths really teach. {{ISBN|0-87123-553-6}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism |publisher=SAGE; Cato Institute |location=Thousand Oaks, CA |last=Ahmad |first=Imad-ad-Dean |title=Islam |author-link=Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad |editor-last=Hamowy |editor-first=Ronald |editor-link=Ronald Hamowy |pages=256–258 |doi=10.4135/9781412965811.n155 |isbn=978-1-4129-6580-4 |lccn=2008009151 |oclc=750831024 |url={{Google books|yxNgXs3TkJYC|plainurl=yes}}}}
* {{Cite book |last=Akyol |first=Mustafa |url=https://archive.org/details/islamwithoutextr0000akyo |title=Islam Without Extremes |publisher=W.W. Norton &amp; Company |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-393-07086-6 |edition=1st |author-link=Mustafa Akyol}}
* {{Cite book |last=Arberry |first=A.J. |url=https://archive.org/details/koraninterpreted00ajar |title=The Koran Interpreted: A Translation |publisher=Touchstone |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-684-82507-6 |edition=1st |author-link=A. J. Arberry}}
* Cragg, Kenneth (1975). ''The House of Islam'', in ''The Religious Life of Man Series''. Second ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company 1975. xiii, 145 p. {{ISBN|0-8221-0139-4}}.
* {{Cite book |last=Hafez |first=Sherine |title=An Islam of Her Own: Reconsidering Religion and Secularism in Women's Islamic Movements |year=2011 |publisher=New York University Press |isbn=9780814773055 |url=https://opensquare.nyupress.org/books/9780814790724/}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Khan |first1=Muhammad Muhsin |title=Noble Quran |last2=Al-Hilali Khan |last3=Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din |publisher=Dar-us-Salam Publications |year=1999 |isbn=978-9960-740-79-9 |edition=1st |author-link=Muhammad Muhsin Khan}}
* Khanbaghi, A, (2006). ''The Fire, the Star and the Cross: Minority Religions in Medieval and Early Modern Iran''. I. B. Tauris.
* Khavari, Farid A. (1990). ''Oil and Islam: the Ticking Bomb''. First ed. Malibu, Calif.: Roundtable Publications. viii, 277 p., ill. with maps and charts. {{ISBN|0-915677-55-5}}.
* {{Cite book |title=The Jewish Discovery of Islam: Studies in Honor of Bernard Lewis |url=https://archive.org/details/jewishdiscoveryo0000unse |publisher=Syracuse University Press |year=1999 |isbn=978-965-224-040-8 |editor-last=Kramer |editor-first=Martin |editor-link=Martin Kramer}}
* {{Cite book |last=Kuban |first=Dogan |title=Muslim Religious Architecture |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |year=1974 |isbn=978-90-04-03813-4}}
* {{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Bernard |url=https://archive.org/details/islamwest00lewi_0 |title=Islam and the West |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-19-509061-1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Bernard |url=https://archive.org/details/culturesinconfli0000lewi |title=Cultures in Conflict: Christians, Muslims, and Jews in the Age of Discovery |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-19-510283-3 |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book |last=Mubarkpuri |first=Saifur-Rahman |title=The Sealed Nectar: Biography of the Prophet |publisher=Dar-us-Salam Publications |year=2002 |isbn=978-1-59144-071-0}}
* {{Cite book |last=Najeebabadi |first=Akbar Shah |title=History of Islam |publisher=Dar-us-Salam Publications |year=2001 |isbn=978-1-59144-034-5}}
* {{Cite book |last=Sayilgan |first=Salih |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/god-evil-and-suffering-in-islam/C4C89591ADAAF25F104D517C4F4634B3 |title=God, Evil, and Suffering in Islam |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2023 |isbn=9781009377294}}
* {{Cite book |last=Schimmel |first=Annemarie |url=https://www.giffordlectures.org/books/deciphering-signs-god-phenomenological-approach-islam |title=Deciphering the Signs of God: A Phenomenological Approach to Islam |publisher=State University of New York Press |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-7914-1982-3 |author-link=Annemarie Schimmel |access-date=31 January 2019 |archive-date=22 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422154518/https://www.giffordlectures.org/books/deciphering-signs-god-phenomenological-approach-islam |url-status=dead}}
* {{Cite book |last=Schuon |first=Frithjof |title=Understanding Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/understandingisl0000schu |publisher=Allen &amp; Unwin |year=1963 |isbn=978-0941532242 |edition=3rd |author-link=Frithjof Schuon}}
* {{Cite book |last=Stoddard |first=Lothrop |title=The New World of Islam |publisher=Chapman &amp; Hall |year=1922 |url=https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/24107}}
* {{Cite book |last=Walker |first=Benjamin |title=Foundations of Islam: The Making of a World Faith |url=https://archive.org/details/foundationsofisl0000walk |publisher=Peter Owen Publishers |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-7206-1038-3 |author-link=Benjamin Walker (author)}}
{{Refend}}

== Xiriirinta dibadda ==
{{Library resources box}}
* [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam &quot;Islam&quot;]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/index.shtml Religion &amp; Ethics – Islam] Maqaallo hordhac u ah Islaamka oo ka socda BBC</text>
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      <text bytes="78480" sha1="117eqf7ie4nn4hf6pf35bt4lr4ojt07" xml:space="preserve">[[File:2015 29 Somali National Team-1 (21007355596).jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Ciyaartoyda kooxda kubadda cagta qaranka [[Soomaaliya]] intii lagu jiray tababarkii [[2015]] ]]
[[File:London Marathon 2005 at Blackfriars.jpg|thumb|Orodka London Marathon 2005: orodada, noocyadooda kala duwan, waxay u taagan yihiin nooca ugu duugga badan uguna jilicsan ciyaaraha.]]

'''Ciyaaraha''' ({{lang-en|Sport}}) waa dhaqdhaqaaq jirkaga ah ama ciyaar, oo inta badan tartan iyo habaysan ah, oo ilaaliya ama hagaajiya awoodda jirrka iyo xirfadaha. Ciyaaruhu waxay bixin karaan baashaal ciyaartoyda iyo madadaalo daawadayaasha. Tirada ciyaartoyda ciyaar gaar ah waxay ka bilaaban kartaa boqolaal qof illaa hal qof oo keliya.

Dhaqdhaqaaqa jirka wuxuu ku xiran yahay dhinacyo kala duwan oo caafimaadka iyo cimri dheerida ah. Heerarka sare ee dhaqdhaqaaqa jirka waxay ku xiran yihiin khatar hoose oo dhimashada dhammaan sababaha iyo dhimashada cudurrada wadnaha, istaroogga iskeemikada, iyo wadne xanuunka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kraus2019&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | last1 = Kraus | first1 = William E. | last2 = Powell | first2 = Kenneth E. | last3 = Haskell | first3 = William L. | last4 = Janz | first4 = Kathleen F. | last5 = Campbell | first5 = Wayne W. | last6 = Jakicic | first6 = John M. | last7 = Troiano | first7 = Richard P. | title = Physical activity, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease | journal = Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise | volume = 51 | issue = 6 | pages = 1270 | date = 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhaqdhaqaaqa jirka wuxuu sidoo kale ku xiran yahay hoos u dhaca astaamaha niyad-jabka, walwalka, iyo iztiroobka nafsiga ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;Singh2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | last1 = Singh | first1 = Ben | last2 = Olds | first2 = Timothy | last3 = Curtis | first3 = Rachel | last4 = Dumuid | first4 = Dorothea | last5 = Virgara | first5 = Rosa | last6 = Watson | first6 = Amanda | last7 = Szeto | first7 = Kimberley | title = Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for improving depression, anxiety and distress: an overview of systematic reviews | journal = British Journal of Sports Medicine | volume = 57 | issue = 18 | pages = 1203-1209 | date = 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Munro2026&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | last1 = Munro | first1 = Neil Richard | last2 = Teague | first2 = Samantha | last3 = Somoray | first3 = Klaire | last4 = Simpson | first4 = Aaron | last5 = Budden | first5 = Timothy | last6 = Jackson | first6 = Ben | last7 = Rebar | first7 = Amanda | last8 = Dimmock | first8 = James | title = Effect of exercise on depression and anxiety symptoms: systematic umbrella review with meta-meta-analysis | journal = British Journal of Sports Medicine | volume = 60 | issue = 8 | pages = 590-599 | date = 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Noetel2024&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | last1 = Noetel | first1 = Michael | last2 = Sanders | first2 = Taren | last3 = Gallardo-Gómez | first3 = Daniel | last4 = Taylor | first4 = Paul | last5 = del Pozo Cruz | first5 = Borja | last6 = Van Den Hoek | first6 = Daniel | last7 = Smith | first7 = Jordan J. | title = Effect of exercise for depression: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials | journal = BMJ | volume = 384 | date = 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Gaar ahaan, jimicsiga aerobikada, yoogada, iyo jimicsiga noocyada badan leh ayaa loo helay in ay waxtar u leeyihiin hoos u dhicida astaamaha niyad-jabka umusha ka dib.&lt;ref name=&quot;Campos-Marin2025&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | last1 = Campos-Marin | first1 = Álvaro | last2 = García-Muñoz | first2 = Cristina | last3 = Matias-Soto | first3 = Javier | last4 = Martinez-Calderon | first4 = Javier | title = What interventions focused on physical activity could improve postpartum depression symptoms? An overview of systematic reviews with meta-analysis | journal = Healthcare | volume = 13 | issue = 12 | pages = 1419 | date = 2025 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tartamada ciyaaruhu waxay isticmaali karaan nooca koox ama qof keliya, waxayna noqon karaan kuwo furan, oo u oggolaanaya tiro ballaaran oo ciyaartoy ah, ama kuwo xiran, oo ku xaddidaya kaparticipatinka kooxo gaar ah ama kuwa la casuumay. Tartamadu waxay oggolaan karaan &quot;barbardhac&quot;, oo aysan ka jirin hal guuleyste; kuwo kale waxay bixiyaan hababka barbardhac-jebinta si loo xaqiijiyo in uu jiro hal guuleyste oo keliya. Waxaa sidoo kale loo dhabar-adkeyn karaa nooca tartanka, oo soo saaraya horyaal. Liigyo badan oo ciyaareed waxay samaysan karaan horyaal sannadle ah iyagoo dhisaya ciyaaro xilliga caadiga ah ee ciyaaraha, oo ay la socdaan xaaladaha qaar ciyaaraha kama-dambaysta ah .

Ciyaaraha guud ahaan waxaa loo aqoonsan yahay nidaam dhaqdhaqaaqyo ku dhisnaa ciyaartoynimada jirka ama xirfadda jirka, iyadoo tartamada waaweyni ay oggol yihiin oo keliya ciyaaraha buuxiya qeexiddaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.olympic.org/sports |title=List of Summer and Winter Olympic Sports and Events |publisher=The Olympic Movement |date=14 November 2018 |access-date=5 March 2012 |archive-date=25 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225174712/https://www.olympic.org/sports%20 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ururada qaar, sida Golaha Yurub, waxay ka reebayaan dhaqdhaqaaqyada aan lahayn wax walbo oo jirka ah nooca ciyaaraha.&lt;ref name=&quot;council&quot;&gt;Qoraalka tixraaca&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tiro dhaqdhaqaaqyo tartan ah, laakiin aan ahayn kuwo jirka ah, waxay sheegtaan aqoonsi sida ciyaaraha maanka. Guddiga Caalamiga ah ee Olimbikada oo kormeera Ciyaaraha Olombikada wuxuu u aqoonsan yahay shataraanka iyo bridge-ka ciyaaro ahaan. SportAccord, oo ah ururka xiriirada ciyaaraha caalamiga ah, wuxuu aqoonsan yahay shanta ciyaarood oo aan ahayn kuwo jirka ah: shataraanka, buundo, checkers, Go iyo xiangqi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |publisher=SportAccord |title=World Mind Games |url=http://www.sportaccord.com/en/multi-sports-games/index.php?idIndex=35&amp;idContent=658 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508021848/http://www.sportaccord.com/en/multi-sports-games/index.php?idIndex=35&amp;idContent=658 |archive-date=8 May 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |publisher=SportAccord |title=Members |url=http://www.sportaccord.com/en/members/index.php?idContent=644&amp;idIndex=32 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507073823/http://www.sportaccord.com/en/members/index.php?idContent=644&amp;idIndex=32 |archive-date=7 May 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay xaddidaan tirada ciyaaraha maanka ee loo oggolaan karo ciyaaro ahaan.&lt;ref name=&quot;sportaccord&quot;&gt;Qoraalka tixraaca&lt;/ref&gt; Ciyaaraha guud ahaan waxaa maamula xeerar ama caadooyin, oo u adeega xaqiijinta tartan caadil ah. Guushu waxay ku go'aansami kartaa matalaadaha jirka sida dhibcaha goolasha ama goynta xariiqda marka ugu horreysa. Waxaa sidoo kale go'aamin kara garsoorayaal dhibcaha ka bixinaya waxqabadka ciyaaraha, oo ay ku jiraan xaalado ujeeddo leh ama kuwo fikrad ah sida waxqabadka farsamada ama saamaynta incaamka artistique.

Diiwaanka waxqabadka inta badan waa la dhowraa, ciyaaraha caanka ahna, macluumaadkan waxaa laga yaabaa in si ballaaran looga dhawaaqo ama looga warramo wararka ciyaaraha. Ciyaaruhu sidoo kale waa il muhiim ah oo madadaalo u ah dadka aan kaparticipatgaraynayn, iyadoo ciyaaraha daawashada ay soo jiitaan dad badan garoomada ciyaaraha, oo ay gaaraan dhagaystayaal ballaaran oo maraya teevishanka ama radayowga. Khamaarka ciyaaraha xaaladaha qaar si daran ayaa loo maamulaa, xaaladaha kalena waa qayb ka mid ah ciyaaraha.

Sida ku cad A.T. Kearney, oo ah shirkad la-talinta, kiiska ciyaaraha ee caalamiga ah wuxuu qiimihiisu yahay ilaa $620 bilyan marka la joogo 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.economist.com/news/international/21585012-sportswomen-are-beginning-score-more-commercial-goalsbut-they-still-have-lot-ground |title=Women in sport: Game, sex and match |newspaper=The Economist |date=7 September 2013 |access-date=14 September 2017 |archive-date=2 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802224933/http://www.economist.com/news/international/21585012-sportswomen-are-beginning-score-more-commercial-goalsbut-they-still-have-lot-ground |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ciyaarta ugu helitaanka iyo ku practice-garaynta badan dunida waa orodka, halka kubbadda cagtu ay tahay ciyaarta daawashada ugu caansan.&lt;ref name=&quot;wa&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-are-the-most-popular-sports-in-the-world.html |title=The Most Popular Sports in the World |date=2018 |website=www.worldatlas.com |publisher=World Atlas |access-date=17 August 2018 |archive-date=17 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817161238/https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-are-the-most-popular-sports-in-the-world.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ujeeddada iyo adeegsiga==
===Etimoolojiga===
Ereyga &quot;sport&quot; wuxuu ka yimid Faransiiskii Hore desport oo dhahaya &quot;waqti firaaqo&quot;, iyadoo qeexiddii ugu duugnayd ee Ingiriisida ee qarnigii 1300 ay ahayd &quot;wax kasta oo aadamuhu u arko kuwo xiiso leh ama madadaalo leh&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=sport&amp;searchmode=none |title=sport (n.) |access-date=20 April 2008 |first=Douglas |last=Harper |work=Online Etymological Dictionary |archive-date=11 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111214311/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=sport&amp;searchmode=none |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ujeedooyinka kale waxaa ka mid ah khamaarka iyo dhacdooyinka loo sameeyay ujeeddada khamaarka; ugaarsiga; iyo ciyaaraha iyo baashaalka, oo ay ku jiraan kuwa u baahan jimicsi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged |publisher=G&amp;C Merriam Company |location=Springfield, MA |page=2206 |year=1967}}&lt;/ref&gt; Roget's wuxuu qeexayaa ciyaaraha sida &quot;dhaqdhaqaaq loo sameeyo nasasho iyo madadaalo&quot; iyadoo synonyms-ku ay ku jiraan madadaalo iyo firaaqo-wadaag.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=Roget's II: The New Thesaurus|edition =3rd|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt |url=https://archive.org/details/rogetsiiinewthes00houg |year=1995 |isbn=978-0-618-25414-9 |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Sida loo magacaabo===
Ereyga kali ah ee &quot;sport&quot; waxaa loo isticmaalaa lahjadaha Ingiriisida badankood si loogu qeexo fikradda guud, tusaale &quot;carruurta kaparticipatgaraynaysa ciyaaraha&quot;, iyadoo &quot;sports&quot; loo isticmaalo si loogu qeexo dhaqdhaqaaqyo badan, tusaale &quot;kubbadda cagta iyo rugby waa ciyaaraha ugu caansan Ingriiska&quot;. Ingiriisida Mareykanka waxay isticmaashaa &quot;sports&quot; labada macnaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sport vs sports – Usage Notes |url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/sport-s-sports |publisher=Cambridge University Press |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sport |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sport |publisher=Merriam-Webster |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Qeexidda===
{{see also|Game#Definitions}}
[[File:ChessStartingPosition.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|right|Guddiga Caalamiga ah ee Olimbikada wuxuu u aqoonsan yahay ciyaaraha guddiga qaar ka mid ah ciyaaro ahaan, oo uu ku jiro shataraanka.]]
[[File:Showjumping white horse.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|right|Boodidda fardaha, oo ah ciyaar fardoolay ah]]
Qeexidda saxda ah ee ka soocaysa ciyaarta dhaqdhaqaaqyada kale ee firaaqada waxay ku kala duwan tahay ilaha. Midda ugu dhow heshiis caalami ah oo ku saabsan qeexidda waxaa bixiya Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Xiriirada Ciyaaraha Caalamiga ah (GAISF), oo ah ururka dhammaan xiriirada ciyaaraha caalamiga ah ee ugu waaweyn (oo ay ku jiraan kubbadda cagta, ciyaaraha fudud, baaskiil wadida, tennis-ka, ciyaaraha fardoolayda, iyo kuwo kale), saas darteedna waa maamulaha rasmiga ah ee ciyaaraha caalamiga ah.

GAISF wuxuu isticmaalaa shuruudaha soo socda, wuxueena go'aamiyaa in ciyaartu tahay inay:&lt;ref name=sportaccord/&gt;
* leedahay walab tartanka ah
* aysan wax ku nool ah dhib u geysanayn
* aysan ku tiirsanayn qalab uu bixiyo hal alaab-qeybiye oo keliya (oo ay ka reeban yihiin ciyaaraha iska lahaanshaha ah sida kubbadda cagta arena)
* aysan ku tiirsanayn wax &quot;nasiib&quot; ah oo gaar ahaan loogu talagalay ciyaarta.

Waxay sidoo kale aqoonsan yihiin in ciyaartu noqon karto ku dhawaad jirka (sida rugby ama ciyaaraha fudud), ku dhawaad maanka (sida shataraanka ama Go), ku dhawaad matoorada (sida Formula 1 ama doonyaha matoorka), ku dhawaad iskudubaridka iyo xirfadda (sida snooker iyo ciyaaraha kale ee cue-ka), ama ku dhawaad kuwa xayawaanku taageeraan (sida ciyaaraha fardoolayda).&lt;ref name=sportaccord/&gt;

Koodinta ciyaaraha maanka ee gudaha qeexidda ciyaaraha lama wada aqbalin, taas oo keentay lchallenge-yo sharci ah oo ka yimid maamulada maamula marka loo eego in loo diaday maalgelinta loo hayo ciyaaraha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |work=BBC News |title=Judicial review of 'sport' or 'game' decision begins |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-34320201 |date=22 September 2015 |access-date=21 June 2018 |archive-date=23 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023020304/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-34320201 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Laakiin iyadoo GAISF ay aqoonsan tahay tiro yar oo ciyaaraha maanka ah, ma furaan in ay kaparticipat-geliyaan ciyaaro kale oo maanka ah.

Waxaa jiray kordho adeegsiga ereyga &quot;sport&quot; ee ku saabsan ciyaaro ballaaran oo aan ahayn kuwo jirka ah sida ciyaaraha fiidiyowga, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano esports (ka yimid &quot;ciyaaraha elektaroonigga ah&quot;), gaar ahaan sababtoo ah baaxadda weyn ee kaparticipatinka iyo tartanka habaysan, laakiin kuwan si ballaaran looma aqoonsana ururada ciyaaraha ee waaweyn. Sida ku cad Golaha Yurub, Axdiga Ciyaaraha Yurub, maqaalka 2.i, &quot;'Sport' waa dhammaan noocyada dhaqdhaqaaqa jirka oo, troo kaparticipatinka caadiga ah ama habaysan, haysata ujeedo lagu muujinayo ama lagu hagaajinayo fayowida jirka iyo wanaagga maanka, dhisida xiriirada bulshada ama helitaanka natiijooyinka tartanka heerarka dhan.&quot;&lt;ref name=council/&gt;

===Tartanka===
[[File:Horse-racing-4.jpg|thumb|left|Orodka fardaha]]

Waxaa jira fikrado iska soo horjeeda oo ku saabsan muhiimadda tartanka uu u leeyahay walaxda qeexaysa ciyaarta, iyadoo ku dhawaad dhammaan ciyaaraha xirfadlaha ah ay ku jiraan tartan, maamulada maamulana ay u baahan yihiin tartan inay tahay shuruud ka hor aqoonsiga Guddiga Caalamiga ah ee Olimbikada (IOC) ama GAISF.&lt;ref name=sportaccord/&gt;

Ururada kale waxay u doodaan ballaadhinta qeexidda ciyaaraha si ay u noqoto dhammaan noocyada dhaqdhaqaaqa jirka, oo aysan ahayn oo keliya dhacdooyinka habaysan ama tartanka ah. Tusaale ahaan, Axdiga Ciyaaraha ee Golaha Yurub wuxuu qeexayaa &quot;sport&quot; sida: &quot;dhammaan noocyada dhaqdhaqaaqa jirka oo, troo kaparticipatinka caadiga ah ama habaysan, looga dan leeyahay ilaalinta ama hagaajinta fayowida jirka iyo wanaagga maanka, dhisida xiriirada bulshada ama helitaanka natiijooyinka tartanka heerarka dhan&quot;, iyadoo si cad u dhexgalinaysa jimicsiga baashaalka ah ee loo sameeyo kaliya baashaal ahaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=Jun 2022 |title=Revised European Sports Charter – Article 2 |url=https://rm.coe.int/revised-european-sports-charter-web-a6/1680a7534b |publisher=Council of Europe |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title= The Development and Prospects for Community Action in the Field of Sport |date=29 September 1998 |url=https://ec.europa.eu/assets/eac/sport/library/documents/doc252_en.pdf |publisher=European Commission |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Si loo ballaadhiyo kaparticipatinka, oo loo yareeyo saamaynta laga helayo guuldarada ciyaartoyda aan awoodda badan lahayn, waxaa jiray soo-bandhigidda dhaqdhaqaaqa jirka oo aan ahayn tartan ee dhacdooyinka tartanka ah ee caadiga ah sida maalmaha ciyaaraha ee dugsiyada, inkasta oo dhaqdhaqaaqyada noocan oo kale ah ay noqon karaan kuwo muran dhaliya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Front |first=Rebecca |work=The Guardian |title=A little competition |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/jul/17/school-sport-competitive-children-achievement-ambition |date=17 July 2011 |access-date=13 December 2016 |archive-date=15 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315143528/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/jul/17/school-sport-competitive-children-achievement-ambition |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |publisher=ParentDish |title=Why parents hate school sports day |last=Scrimgeour |first=Heidi |date=17 June 2011 |url=http://www.parentdish.co.uk/2011/06/17/why-parents-hate-school-sports-day/ |access-date=11 June 2012 |archive-date=24 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024182750/http://www.parentdish.co.uk/2011/06/17/why-parents-hate-school-sports-day/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhacdooyinka tartanka ah, ciyaartoyda waxaa lagu qiimeeyaa ama lagu kala saaraa ku dhisnaanta &quot;natiijadooda&quot; iyadoo inta badan loo qeybiyo kooxo leh waxqabad loo siman yahay, tusaale, jinsiga, miisaanka iyo da'da. Qiyaasta natiijadu waxay noqon kartaa ku dhawaad ujeeddo ama fikrad, oo lagu saxo &quot;handicaps&quot; ama ganaaxyo. Tartanka orodka, tusaale ahaan, waqtiga lagu dhameeyay wadada waa qiyaas ujeeddo ah. Jimnaastikada ama quusida, natiijada waxaa go'aamiya garsoorayaal, sidaas darteedna waa fikrad. Waxaa jira heerar garsoorid dhex-dhexaad ah oo u dhexeya feerka iyo ciyaaraha la isku daray ee dagaalka, oo haddii aysan labada ciyaartoy midna guul helin ka hor waqtiga xaddidan, natiijada waxaa go'aamiya kaararka dhibcaha garsoorayaasha. Feerka, saddex garsoore ayaa si madax-bannaan dhibcaha uga bixiya wareeg kasta, iyadoo la raacayo shuruudaha sida feerida nadiifka ah, weerarka waxtarka leh, maamulka garoonka iyo doofaaca.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ABC Uniform Championship Rules |url=https://www.ibf-usba-boxing.com/wp-content/uploads/ABCUniformChampionshipRules.pdf |publisher=Association of Boxing Commissions |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Taariikhda==
{{Main article|History of sport}}
[[File:Roman bronze copy of Myron’s Discobolos, 2nd century CE (Glyptothek Munich).jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|Naxaas Roomaan ah oo laga sameeyay Discobolos ee Myron, qarnigii 2aad AD]]
[[File:Participants with the Water Warrior class perform squats prior to entering the pool at Camp Foster, Okinawa, Japan, July 6, 2011 110706-M-VD776-004 (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Snoorkeler-ku waxay sameynayaan jimicsiga squats ka hor inta aysan galin barkadda ee saldhigga ciidanka Mareykanka, 2011.]]

Shaqooyinka gacanta iyo dhismayaasha waxay tilmaamayaan ciyaaraha Shiinaha sida ay ahayd 2000 BC.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://chineseculture.about.com/library/weekly/aa032301a.htm |title=Sports History in China |author1=Ye Qinfa |access-date=15 October 2006 |archive-date=3 March 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303183246/http://chineseculture.about.com/library/weekly/aa032301a.htm |url-status=deviated }}&lt;/ref&gt; Jimnaastikada waxay u muuqataa in ay caan ka ahayd waagii duugga ahaa ee Shiinaha. Taallooyinka Fircooniga waxay tilmaamaan in tiro ciyaaro ah, oo ay ku jiraan dabaasha iyo kaluumeysiga, ay ahaayeen kuwo si wanaagsan u horumaray oo maamulan kumanaan sano ka hor Masartii Hore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ioa.leeds.ac.uk/1980s/84085.htm |title=84.85-90 History of Sports in Ancient Egypt |first1=Ahmed D. |last1=Touny |website=Proceedings of the International Olympic Academy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061029232515/http://www.ioa.leeds.ac.uk/1980s/84085.htm |archive-date=29 October 2006 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ciyaaraha kale ee Masar waxaa ka mid ahaa tuurista waranka, boodada dheer, iyo legdinta. Ciyaaraha Beershiyo ee Hore sida sanka ee soo jireenka ah ee Iiraan ee Zoorkhaneh waxay lahayd xiriir dhow oo ku saabsan xirfadaha dagaalka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.kuwait-info.com/newsnew/NewsDetails1.asp?id=78319&amp;dt=10/13/2006&amp;ntype=World |title=Ancient sport still flexing its muscles in Iran |website=kuwait-info.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070326081959/http://www.kuwait-info.com/newsnew/NewsDetails1.asp?id=78319&amp;dt=10%2F13%2F2006&amp;ntype=World |archive-date=26 March 2007 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ciyaaraha kale ee ka yimid Beershiyadii Hore waxaa ka mid ah polo iyo jousting. Ciyaaraha soo jireenka ah ee Hindiya ee kala duwan sida Kho kho iyo Kabaddi waxaa la ciyaarayay kumanaan sano. Kabaddi waxaa loo ciyaarayay malaha sida u-diyaargarowga ugaarsiga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=kabaddi {{!}} sport |url=https://www.britannica.com/sports/kabaddi |access-date=21 November 2022 |website=Britannica |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Bruno Senna 2006 Australian Grand Prix.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|right|Ciyaaraha matoorada leh waxay soo muuqdeen tan iyo markii ay timid waagii casriga ahaa.]]

Tiro ballaaran oo ciyaaro ah ayaa horay loo dhisay waagii Gariikii Hore, dhaqanka ciidankana iyo horumarka ciyaaraha ee Gariiga waxay saameeyeen midba midka kale si weyn. Ciyaaruhu waxay noqdeen qayb aad u muhiim ah oo ka mid ah dhaqankooda taas oo keentay in Gariigu ay dhiisaha Ciyaaraha Olimbikada, oo waagii duugga ahaa lagu qaban jiray afar sano kasta tuulo yar oo ku taalla Peloponnesus oo loo yaqaanay Olympia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/ancient/index_uk.asp|title=Ancient Olympic Games|date=30 July 2018|access-date=15 October 2006|archive-date=28 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090928011744/http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/ancient/index_uk.asp|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ciyaaraha waxaa sii kordhayay habaynta iyo maamulidda tan iyo waagii Olimbikadii Hore illaa qarniga hadda jira. Warshadaysashadu waxay keenay gaadiidka matoorada leh iyo kordhinta waqtiga firaaqada, oo u oggolaanaya dadka in ay kaparticipat-gelaan oo ay raacaan ciyaaraha daawashada oo ay kaparticipat-gelaan dhaqdhaqaaqyada ciyaartoyda. Isbeddelladan waxay sii socdeen iyadoo ay timid warbaahinta weyn iyo xiriirka caalamiga ah. Xirfaddnimadu waxay noqotay mid caan ah, iyadoo sii kordhinaysa caannimada ciyaaraha, maadaama taageerayaasha ciyaaruhu ay raacayeen guulaha ciyaartoyda xirfadlayaasha ah – iyagoo oo dhami ku raaxaysanayay jimicsiga iyo tartanka ku xiran kaparticipatinka amateerka ee ciyaaraha. Tan iyo markii uu karraday qarniga 21aad, waxaa jiray doode ka dhan ah in dadka transgender-ka ah ee ciyaartoyda ah ay awood u leeyihiin in ay kaparticipat-gelaan dhacdooyinka ciyaaraha ee u dhigma jinsigooda cusub.&lt;ref&gt;''Sport and the Law: Historical and Cultural Intersections'', p. 111, Sarah K. Fields (2014){{ISBN?}}|&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ciyaarta caadiga ah==
===Dhaqanka ciyaartoyda===
Dhaqanka ciyaartoyda waa dabeecad u doodeysa ciyaarta caadiga ah, edebta ka dhaxaysa kooxda iyo kaadhibka, dhaqanka anshaxa leh iyo daacadnimada, iyo sharafka guusha ama guuldarada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?va=sportsmanship |publisher=Merriam-Webster |title=Sportsmanship |access-date=15 October 2006 |archive-date=28 September 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928231236/http://www.merriam.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?va=sportsmanship |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Fish |first1=Joel |last2=Magee |first2=Susan |year=2003 |title=101 Ways to Be a Terrific Sports Parent |publisher=Fireside |page=168}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Lacey |first=David |date=10 November 2007 |url=http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/sport/2007/11/10/it_takes_a_bad_loser_to_become.html |title=It takes a bad loser to become a good winner |work=The Guardian |access-date=28 October 2009 |archive-date=13 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080113021424/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/sport/2007/11/10/it_takes_a_bad_loser_to_become.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhaqanka ciyaartoyda wuxuu muujinayaa rabitaan ama ruux in dhaqdhaqaaqa loogu raaxaysan doono ujeedadiisa lafahaadeed. Fikirka caanka ah ee uu qoray weriyaha ciyaaraha Grantland Rice, ee ah &quot;ma aha inaad guuleysato ama guuldarraysato, laakiin waa sida aad u ciyaarto ciyaarta&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Rice, Grantland |url=https://tshf.net/halloffame/rice-grantland/ |publisher=Tennessee Sports Hall of Fame |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo caqiidada Olimbikada casriga ah ee uu muujiyay aasaasaheeda Pierre de Coubertin: &quot;Waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan Ciyaaraha Olimbikada ma aha guusha laakiin waa kaparticipatinka,&quot; waa muujinta caadiga ah ee fikirkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Fundamentals of Olympic Values Education |publisher=International Olympic Committee |url=https://stillmed.olympic.org/media/Document%20Library/OlympicOrg/Documents/Document-Set-Teachers-The-Main-Olympic-Topics/Olympism-and-the-Olympic-Movement.pdf |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Khayaanada===
{{see also|Match fixing|cheating}}
Mabaadi'da muhiimka ah ee ciyaaraha waxaa ka mid ah in natiijadu aysan noqon ku dhisnaan hore, iyo dhammaan ciyaartoydu inay lahaadaan fursad loo siman yahay oo ay ku guuleystaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=European Sports Charter, Article 3|url=https://www.coe.int/en/web/sport/european-sports-charter|publisher=Council of Europe|access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; Xeerarka iyo shuruucda waxaa dhisay maamulada maamula si loo xaqiijiyo ciyaar caadil ah iyo daacadnimo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=International Charter of Physical Education, Physical Activity and Sport, Article 10|url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000235409|publisher=UNESCO|access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ciyaartoydu mararka kaar ayaa jebiya xeerarkan si ay u helaan faa'iido aan caadil ahayn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Fair play and the competitive spirit|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000093013|publisher=UNESCO|access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ciyaartoydu waxay khayaani karaan si ay u kordhiyaan fursadahooda guusha, si ay u helaan faa'iido lacageed ama faa'iido kale.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Global Report on Corruption in Sport|url=https://www.unodc.org/documents/corruption/Publications/2022/Global_Report_on_Corruption_in_Sport_Full_report.pdf|publisher=United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime|access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; Caannimada khamaarka ee ku saabsan natiijooyinka ciyaaraha waxay abuurtaa dhiirigelin lagu sameeyo hagaajinta ciyaarta (match fixing), oo hal ama ka badan oo ciyaartoy ahi ay ku heshiiyaan in ay go'aamiyaan natiijooyinka ka hor halkii ay si daacad ah u tartami lahaayeen.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Staying on Side: How to Stop Match-Fixing|url=https://images.transparencycdn.org/images/2014_Stop_MatchFixing_EN.pdf|publisher=Transparency International|access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Doping-ka iyo dawooyinka===
{{main article|Use of performance-enhancing drugs in sport}}
Dabeecadda tartanka ah ee ciyaaraha waxay dhiirigelisaa ciyaartoyda qaar in ay isku dayaan in ay hagaajiyaan waxqabadkooda troo dawooyinka, ama habab kale sida kordhinta tirada dhiigga ee jirkooda troo habab dadku sameeyeen.&lt;ref name=&quot;Baron2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Baron |first1=David A. |last2=Martin |first2=David M. |last3=Abol Magd |first3=Samir |title=Doping in sports and its spread to at-risk populations: an international review |journal=World Psychiatry |year=2007 |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=118–123 |pmid=18235871|pmc=2219897 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhammaan ciyaaraha uu aqoonsan yahay IOC, ama SportAccord, waxaa loo baahan yahay in ay sameeyaan barnaamij tijaabo ah, iyagoo raadinaya liiska dawooyinka la mamnuucay, iyadoo ganaaxyo ama joojin loo dhigay ciyaartoyda ku tijaabo-gala nooca togan ee walxaha la mamnuucay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prohibited List |url=https://www.wada-ama.org/en/prohibited-list |publisher=World Anti-Doping Agency |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=World Anti-Doping Code |url=https://www.wada-ama.org/en/what-we-do/world-anti-doping-code |publisher=World Anti-Doping Agency |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Dagaalka===
Dagaalka ciyaaraha wuxuu ku jiraa ka tallaabida xariiqda u dhexaysa tartanka caadiga ah iyo dagaalka muuqda ee ujeeddada leh. Ciyaartoyda, tababarayaasha, taageerayaasha, iyo waalidiintu mararka kaar waxay sameeyaan dhaqan dagaal ah oo ku saabsan dadka ama hantida, iyagoo muujinaya daacadnimo, maamul, carro, ama dabaaldeg oo la khalday. Rabshadaha ama hooliganism-ka oo ay sameeyaan taageerayaashu gaar ahaan waa dhibaato ka jirta tartamada ciyaaraha ee heer qaran iyo kuwo caalami ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last=Russell |first=Gareth |title=Sport riots: A social–psychological review |journal=Aggression and Violent Behavior |year=2004 |volume=9 |issue=5 |pages=353–378|doi=10.1016/S1359-1789(03)00031-4 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Guide on the Security of Major Sporting Events |url=https://www.un.org/counterterrorism/sites/www.un.org.counterterrorism/files/211006_guide_on_security_major_sporting_events_web.pdf |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ka qaybqaadashada==
===Ka qaybqaadashada jinsiga===
[[File:100 metres race winner Sina Schielke (192) and the other Runners - ISTAF 2006 - Berlin, 3 September.jpg|thumb|Ciyaartoyda dumarka ah ee heerka caalamiga ah ee ISTAF Berlin, 2006]]
Participatinka dumarka ee ciyaaraha wuu kordhay iyada oo la kordhiyay fursadaha iyo aqoonsiga kordhaya ee faa'iidooyinka dhaqdhaqaaqa ciyaartoyda ee horumarka carruurta iyo fayowida jirka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Eime |first1=Rochelle M. |last2=Young |first2=Janet A. |last3=Harvey |first3=Jack T. |last4=Charity |first4=Melanie J. |last5=Payne |first5=Warren R. |title=A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents |journal=International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity |year=2013 |volume=10 |issue=98 |page=98 |doi=10.1186/1479-5868-10-98|doi-access=free |pmid=23945179 |pmc=3751802 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Inkasta oo ay jiraan faa'iidooyinkan, farqiga jinsiga wuu sii jiraa. Heerka Olimbikada, dumarku waxay ahaayeen 49% oo ku taalla Tokyo 2020,&lt;ref name=&quot;RioTokyoWSF&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Paris 2024 should see gender parity – WSF study |url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/paris-2024-should-see-gender-parity-wsf-study-2022-04-21/ |publisher=Reuters |date=2022-04-21 |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyagoo gaadhay 50 % oo buuxa oo isu dhigma oo ku taalla Paris 2024.&lt;ref name=&quot;GenderParity2024&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Reid |first=Helen |title=Women athletes say the work isn't over after Olympics gender parity |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/women-athletes-say-work-isnt-over-after-olympics-gender-parity-2024-07-28/ |publisher=Reuters |date=2024-07-28 |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laakiin baadhitaannada caalamiga ah waxay sheegaan oo keliya 20% oo dumar ah oo ka aghb 31% oo ragg ah in ay kaparticipat-gelaan dhaqdhaqaaqa ciyaaraha bishii,&lt;ref name=&quot;YouGovGap&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Shah |first=Kineree |title=The great divide – exploring the gender gap in sports viewership |url=https://business.yougov.com/content/46311-the-great-divide-exploring-gender-gap-in-sports-viewership |publisher=YouGov |date=2023-03-10 |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ururka Caafimaadka Dduunka wuxuu xussayaa in dumarku ay 5 percentage points ka hooseeyaan ragga marka loo eego in ay buuxiyaan shuruudaha dhaqdhaqaaqa la soo jeediyay.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHOActivity&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Physical activity fact sheet |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity |publisher=World Health Organization |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ciyaaraha qaar waa jinsiga la isku daray, oo oggolaanaya, ama xitaa u baahan, ragga iyo dumarka in ay ku ciyaaraan koox ka mid ah. Hal tusaale oo tan ah waa Baseball5, oo ah ciyaartii ugu horreysay ee jinsiga la isku daray ee loo oggolaado Olimbikada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Debut of Baseball5 at Youth Olympic Games postponed as next YOG shifted from 2022 to 2026 |url=http://www.wbsc.org/en/news/debut-of-baseball5-at-youth-olympic-games-postponed-as-next-yog-shifted-from-2022-to-2026 |access-date=21 November 2022 |website=World Baseball Softball Confederation |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Participatinka dhallinyarada===
{{main|Youth sports}}
{{See also|College sports}}
Ciyaaraha dhallinyarada waxay u bixiyaan carruurta fursado baashaal, isku xidhka bulshada, dhisida xiriirada ciyaartoyda kale, fayowida jirka, iyo deeqaha waxbarasho ee ciyaartoyda. U doodayaasha waxbarashada iyo dagaalka ka dhanka ah dawooyinka waxay dhiirigeliyaan ciyaaraha dhallinyarada si ay uga baxaan kaparticipatinka waxbarashada oo ay uga dagaallamaan ganacsiga dawooyinka ee sharci-darro ah. Sida ku cad Xarunta Cilmi-baadhista Dhaawaca iyo Siyaasadda ee Cusbitaalka Carruurta ee Qaranka, khatarta ugu weyn ee ciyaaraha dhallinyarada waa dhimasho ama dhaawac daran oo uu ku jiro concussion. Khatarahan waxay ka yimaadaan orodka, kubbadda koleyga, kubbadda cagta, volleyball-ka, gridiron-ka, jimnaastikada, iyo ice hockey.&lt;ref&gt;[https://healthland.time.com/2009/08/04/why-are-more-kids-getting-hurt-in-gym-class/ &quot;Gym class injuries up 150% between 1997 and 2007&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://healthland.time.com/2009/08/04/why-are-more-kids-getting-hurt-in-gym-class/ |date=20250331145225 }}, ''Time'', 4 August 2009&lt;/ref&gt; Ciyaaraha dhallinyarada ee US waa $15 bilyan oo vaza ah oo ay ku jiraan qalabka illaa tababarka gaarka ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |last1=Gregory |first1=Sean |title=How Kids' Sports Became a $15 Billion Industry |url=https://time.com/4913687/how-kids-sports-became-15-billion-industry/ |access-date=24 August 2017 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=24 August 2017 |archive-date=24 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824112734/http://time.com/4913687/how-kids-sports-became-15-billion-industry/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Participatinka dadka naqada ah===
{{see also|Parasports|Paralympic Games}}
[[File:David Bizet - Marathon de Paris 2014.jpg|thumb|Orodiyaha wuxuu si saaxiibtinimo ah ugu taabanayaa garabka orodiyaha kursiga curyaanka inta lagu jiro Marathon-ka Paris 2014.]]

Ciyaaraha dadka naqada ah ama ciyaaraha la waafajiyay waxaa ciyaara dad leh naqadnimo, oo ay ku jiraan naqadnimada jirka iyo naqadnimada maanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Para Sport |url=https://www.paralympic.org/paralympic-sport |publisher=International Paralympic Committee |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maadaama kuwo badan oo kuwan ka mid ah ay ku dhisnaayeen ciyaaraha jira oo la waafajiyay si loo buuxiyo baahida dadka leh naqadnimada, mararka kaar waxaa loo yaqaanaa ciyaaraha la waafajiyay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Misener |first1=Laura |last2=Kissack |first2=Travis |title=Social inclusion through sport: Community coaching and participation of people with disabilities in sport |journal=Sport Management Review |year=2010 |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=49–67 |doi=10.1016/j.smr.2009.10.001}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhammaan ciyaaraha dadka naqada ah ma aha kuwo la waafajiyay; tiro gaar ah oo loogu talagalay dadka leh naqadnimada ma laha wax u dhigma ciyaaraha dadka caadiga ah, sida goalball iyo boccia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sitting Volleyball, Goalball and Boccia |url=https://www.paralympic.org/sports |publisher=International Paralympic Committee |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Participatinka dadka waaweyn===
{{see also|Masters athletics|Masters cycling|Masters swimming}}
[[File:Pickleball Players.jpg|thumb|right|Pickleball waa ciyaar gaar ahaan u soo jiidasho badan dadka waaweyn.]]
'''Ciyaaraha Masters-ka''', '''ciyaaraha senior-ka''', ama '''ciyaaraha veteran-ka''' waa qeyb da'da ah oo ciyaaraha ah, oo inta badan ku jirta kooxaha da'da 35 iyo ka weyn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/veterans-and-masters-sport|title=Story: Veterans and masters sport|publisher=govt.nz|access-date=28 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay khuseyn kartaa dhaqdhaqaaqyada ciyaaraha oo aan la beddelin ama la waafajiyay, oo leh ama aan lahayn tartamo.

'''Tartamada'''
* World Masters Games oo la habayeeyay tan iyo 1985 afar sano kasta.
* European Masters Games oo la habayeeyay markii ugu horreysay 2008 oo markaas ka dib afar sano kasta.
* Senior Olympics (Senior Games)
* USATF Masters Outdoor Championships oo bilaabatay 1968
* USATF Masters Indoor Championships oo bilaabatay 1975
* World Masters Athletics Championships oo bilaabatay 1975

===Participatinka daawadayaasha===
{{Main article|Spectator sport}}
{{See also|Sports fandom}}
[[File:1906 Athens stadium.jpg|thumb|right|Daawadayaasha Ciyaaraha Olimbikada ee aan rasmiga ahayn ee 1906]]

Qaybta tartanka ee ciyaaraha, iyada oo la socota soo jiidashada quruxda ee dhinacyada qaar, waxay keentay dhacdooyinka ciyaaraha daawashada. Ciyaaraha amateerka iyo xirfadlaha ah waxay soo jiitaan dhagaystayaal toos ah oo ku yaalla garoomada iyo troo warbaahinta – radayowga, teevishanka iyo intarneedka – oo mid kasta oo kuwan ka mid ah uu ka qaadi karo lacagaha sida tikidhada ama isdhaafsiga pay-per-view.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |title=Spectator sport |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online |url=https://www.britannica.com/sports/spectator-sport |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; Liigyada ciyaaraha iyo tartamadu waxay bixiyaan hababka habaysan ee ugu muhiimsan ee tartanka caadiga ah ee u dhexeya kooxaha ama ciyaartoyda gaarka ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Fort |first= Rodney D |title=Sports Economics |publisher=Prentice Hall |year=2015 |isbn=9780130850911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhacdooyinka sare waxay amraan dhagaystayaal waaweyn, iyagoo dhiirigeliya heshiisyo waaweyn oo xuquuqda warbaahinta ah. Ciyaarta kama-dambaysta ah ee Koobka Duunka FIFA 2006 waxay soo jiitatay in ka badan 700 milyan oo daawadayaal ah oo duunka oo dhan ah,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=2006 FIFA World Cup™ Media Report |url=http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/germany2006/organisation/media/media-reports.html |publisher=FIFA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101000000/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/germany2006/organisation/media/media-reports.html |access-date=2025-05-02|archive-date=1 January 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ciyaarta kama-dambaysta ah ee Koobka Duunka ee Cricket 2011 waxaa daawaday noin 135 milyan oo daawadayaal ah oo ku taalla Hindiya oo keliya.&lt;ref name=&quot;CWC2011&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=135 mn saw World Cup final: TAM |date=10 April 2011 |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/business-news/135-mn-saw-World-Cup-final-TAM/Article1-683623.aspx |newspaper=Hindustan Times |access-date=2025-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130803013151/http://www.hindustantimes.com/business-news/135-mn-saw-World-Cup-final-TAM/Article1-683623.aspx |archive-date=2013-08-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mareykanka, Super Bowl wuxuu ku jiraa nooca teevishanka sannadlaha ah ee ugu daawashada badan, iyadoo Super Bowl XLIX ee 2015 uu lahaa averiiji 114 milyan oo daawadayaal ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Nielsen |title=Super Bowl XLIX Sets U.S. Viewership Record |url=http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/news/2015/super-bowl-xlix-most-watched-telecast-in-u-s--history.html |publisher=Nielsen |date=2015-02-02 |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; Axadda Super Bowl waxaa loo arkaa fasax qaran oo aan rasmi ahayn, iyo 2015 booska xayeysiiska ee 30-ilbiriqsi ah waxaa lagu iibiyay noin US$4.5 milyan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Super Bowl Ads Cost US$4.5M for 30-Second Spot |url=https://adage.com/article/media/super-bowl-ads-cost-4-5m-30-spot/296163 |publisher=Ad Age |date=2015-01-30 |access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Hiwaayad iyo xirfadle==
[[File:Volleyball-5 (9786053885).jpg|thumb|Kooxda volleyball-ka ee dumarka ee jaamacadda Mareykanka]]
Ciyaaraha waxaa loo samayn karaa nooc amateer, xirfadle ama xirfadle Dhexe ah, iyada oo ku xiran haddii ciyaartoyda loo dhiirigeliyo kaparticipatinka (inta badan troo bixinta lacagta ama mushaharka). Participatinka amateerka ee ciyaaraha heerarka hoose inta badan loo yaqaan &quot;ciyaaraha xididdada&quot; (grassroots sport).&lt;ref name=&quot;council&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;White Paper&quot;&gt;{{cite web |publisher=European Commission |title=The White Paper on Sport |url=http://ec.europa.eu/sport/white-paper/index_en.htm |access-date=11 July 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080916202200/http://ec.europa.eu/sport/white-paper/index_en.htm |archive-date=16 September 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Caannimada ciyaaraha daawashada oo ah firaaqo u ah dadka aan kaparticipat-gelaayn waxay keentay in ciyaaruhu ay noqdaan ganacsi weyn oo madax-bannaan, tanina waxay dhiirigelisay dhaqanka ciyaaraha xirfadlaha ah ee bixiya lacagaha sare, oo ciyaartoyda waxqabadka sare leh lagu abaalmariyo lacag ka badan mushaharka averiijiga ah, oo gaari karta milyan oo doolar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |magazine=Sports Illustrated |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/specials/fortunate50-2011/index.html |title=Fortunate 50 2011 |last=Freedman |first=Jonah |access-date=5 March 2012 |archive-date=29 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429050301/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/specials/fortunate50-2011/index.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ciyaaraha qaar, ama tartamada gaarka ah ee ku jira ciyaaraha, waxay haystaan siyaasad ah oggolaanshaha ciyaaraha amateerka oo keliya. Ciyaaraha Olimbikada waxay ku bilaabmeen mabda'a tartanka amateerka iyadoo kuwa ciyaarta u ciyaara si xirfadle ah loo arkayay in ay leeyihiin faa'iido aan caadil ahayn marka loo eego kuwa u ciyaara kaliya sida hiwaayad.&lt;ref name=OIdeology&gt;{{cite book |last=Eassom |first=Simon |title=Critical Reflections on Olympic Ideology |year=1994 |location=Ontario |publisher=The Centre for Olympic Studies |pages=120–123 |isbn=978-0-7714-1697-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tan iyo 1971, ciyaartoyda Olimbikada waxaa loo oggolaaday in ay helaan lacag iyo kafaalo-qaad (sponsorship),&lt;ref name=&quot;InfoPlease&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.infoplease.com/spot/olympic-athletes.html |title=Olympic Athletes |publisher=Info Please |access-date=13 June 2015 |archive-date=16 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616042315/http://www.infoplease.com/spot/olympic-athletes.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyadoo tan iyo 1986, IOC ay go'aansatay in ay ka dhigto dhammaan ciyaartoyda xirfadlayaasha ah kuwo u qalma Olimbikada,&lt;ref name=&quot;InfoPlease&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2012/07/22/opinion/greene-olympics-amateurs/ |title=What changed the Olympics forever |publisher=CNN |date=23 July 2012 |access-date=13 June 2015 |archive-date=15 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150615122848/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/07/22/opinion/greene-olympics-amateurs/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyadoo laga reebayo feerka,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/13894/olympic-boxing-must-remain-amateur-despite-moves-to-turn-it-professional-states-warren- |title=Olympic boxing must remain amateur despite moves to turn it professional states Warren |publisher=Inside the Games |date=13 August 2011 |access-date=13 June 2015 |archive-date=15 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150615044539/http://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/13894/olympic-boxing-must-remain-amateur-despite-moves-to-turn-it-professional-states-warren- |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=njefAgAAQBAJ&amp;q=only+amateur+boxers+at+olympics&amp;pg=PA400 |title=Historical Dictionary of Boxing |last1=Grasso |first1=John |date=2013 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |access-date=13 June 2015 |isbn=978-0-8108-7867-9 |archive-date=17 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417060735/https://books.google.com/books?id=njefAgAAQBAJ&amp;q=only+amateur+boxers+at+olympics&amp;pg=PA400 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo legdinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1529280-olympic-wrestling-is-important-for-pro-wrestlers-and-its-fans |title=Olympic Wrestling Is Important for Pro Wrestling and Its Fans|author-first1=John|author-last1=Canton|publisher=Bleacher Report |date=14 February 2013 |access-date=13 June 2015 |archive-date=16 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616155635/http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1529280-olympic-wrestling-is-important-for-pro-wrestlers-and-its-fans |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2WYEAAAAMBAJ&amp;q=only+amateur+wrestlers+at+olympics&amp;pg=PA24 |title=Boys' Life |date=August 1988 |page=24 |access-date=13 June 2015 |publisher=Boy Scouts of America, Inc. |archive-date=17 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417073533/https://books.google.com/books?id=2WYEAAAAMBAJ&amp;q=only+amateur+wrestlers+at+olympics&amp;pg=PA24 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tiknoolojiga==
[[File:Third umpire lights at Melbourne Cricket Ground.JPG|thumb|Muuqaalkan ku yaalla Melbourne Cricket Ground wuxuu tilmaamayaa go'aanka garsooraha saddexaad uu sameeyo ka dib marka dib loo eego.]]
Teknoolojigu wuxuu ka ciyaaraa qayb muhiim ah ciyaaraha casriga ah. Waa qayb loo baahan yahay oo ka mid ah ciyaaraha qaar (sida ciyaaraha matoorada), waxaana loo isticmaalaa kuwo kale si loo hagaajiyo waxqabadka. Ciyaaraha qaar waxay sidoo kale isticmaalaan si loogu oggolaado go'aan-gaarida ka baxsan garoonka.

Aqoonta ciyaaraha (sports science) waxaa lagu dabaqi karaa goobaha oo ay ku jiraan waxqabadka ciyaartoyda, sida isticmaalka falanqaynta fiidiyowga si loo hagaajiyo farsamada, ama qalabka, sida hagaajinta kabaha orodka ama dharka dabaasha ee tartanka. Injineernimada ciyaaraha waxay soo muuqatay sida qeyb aqooneed 1998 iyada oo kordhinaysa diiradda oo aysan ahayn oo keliya dhiisida walxaha laakiin sidoo kale isticmaalka teknoolojiga ee ciyaaraha, ka yimid falanqaynta iyo data-da weyn illaa teknoolojiga la xerto.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gaining Steam in Sports Technology&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Gaining Steam in Sports Technology |url=https://alum.mit.edu/pages/sliceofmit/2014/06/17/mit-steam-sports-technology/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714150052/https://alum.mit.edu/pages/sliceofmit/2014/06/17/mit-steam-sports-technology/ |archive-date=14 July 2014 |website=Slice of MIT |access-date=3 January 2015 |ref=Slice of MIT}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si loo maamulo saamaynta teknoolojiga ee ciyaarta caadiga ah, maamulada maamula inta badan waxay leeyihiin xeerar gaar ah oo loo dhigay si loo maamulo saamaynta faa'iidada farsamada ee u dhexaysa ciyaartoyda. Tusaale ahaan, 2010, dharka dabaasha ee buuxa oo aan ahayn textile-ka waxaa mamnuucay FINA, maadaama ay hagaajinayeen waxqabadka dabaalyada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/swimming/8161867.stm |title=Hi-tech suits banned from January |publisher=BBC Sport |date=31 July 2009 |access-date=8 June 2015 |archive-date=8 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908051335/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/swimming/8161867.stm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/full-body-swimsuit-now-banned-professional-swimmers/story?id=9437780 |first=Kristina |last=Wong |title=Full Body Swimsuit Now Banned for Professional Swimmers |work=ABC News |date=4 January 2010 |access-date=8 June 2015 |archive-date=7 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607200059/http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/full-body-swimsuit-now-banned-professional-swimmers/story?id=9437780 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kordhinta teknoolojiga waxay sidoo kale oggolaatay go'aano badan oo ciyaaraha ah in la qaato, ama dib loo eego, ka baxsan garoonka, iyadoo maamule kale uu isticmaalayo muujinta fiidiyowga tooska ah si uu u sameeyo go'aano. Ciyaaraha qaar, ciyaartoydu hadda waxay kaparticipat-geli karaan go'aanada ay sameeyeen maamuladu. Kubbadda cagta, teknoolojiga xariiqda goolka wuxuu sameeyaa go'aano ku saabsan haddii kubbadu ay goysay xariiqda goolka ama aysan goyn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last=FIFA |title=Testing Manual |journal=FIFA Quality Programme for Goal Line Technology |year=2012 |url=https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifaqualityprogramme/goal-linetechnology/01/66/02/89/glt_testing_manual_2012.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030143223/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifaqualityprogramme/goal-linetechnology/01/66/02/89/glt%5Ftesting%5Fmanual%5F2012.pdf|archive-date=30 October 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Teknoolojigu ma aha mid khasab ah,&lt;ref name=IFABofficial&gt;{{cite web |title=IFAB makes three unanimous historic decisions |url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2012/m=7/news=ifab-makes-three-unanimous-historic-decisions-1660541.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150507234418/http://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2012/m=7/news=ifab-makes-three-unanimous-historic-decisions-1660541.html |archive-date=7 May 2015 |publisher=FIFA |access-date=23 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; laakiin waxaa loo isticmaalay Koobka Duunka FIFA 2014 ee Brazil,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2014/m=4/news=goal-line-technology-set-ahead-fifa-world-cup-2311481.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140511001351/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2014/m=4/news=goal-line-technology-set-ahead-fifa-world-cup-2311481.html |archive-date=11 May 2014 |title=Goal-line technology set up ahead of FIFA World Cup |date=1 April 2014 |publisher=FIFA |access-date=9 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo Koobka Duunka ee Dumarka ee FIFA 2015 ee Canada,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/y=2015/m=3/news=hawk-eye-confirmed-as-goal-line-technology-provider-for-canada-2015-2580727.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150331170115/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/y=2015/m=3/news=hawk-eye-confirmed-as-goal-line-technology-provider-for-canada-2015-2580727.html |archive-date=31 March 2015 |title=Hawk-Eye confirmed as goal-line technology provider for Canada 2015 |date=31 March 2015 |publisher=[[FIFA]] |access-date=2 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; sida lagu isticmaalay Premier League tan iyo 2013–14,&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC_Premier&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/22107409 |title=Goal-line technology: Premier League votes in favour for 2013–14 |publisher=BBC |date=11 April 2013 |access-date=11 April 2013 |archive-date=11 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130411143514/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22107409 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo Bundesliga tan iyo 2015–16.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.carlyleobserver.com/sports/bundesliga-approves-hawk-eye-goal-line-technology-for-new-season-1.1650074 |title=Bundesliga approves Hawk-Eye goal-line technology for new season |work=Carlyle Observer |access-date=9 June 2015 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029003339/https://www.carlyleobserver.com/sports/bundesliga-approves-hawk-eye-goal-line-technology-for-new-season-1.1650074 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; NFL-ka, garsooruhu wuxuu kordhin karaa dib u eegis ka timaada goobta dib u eegiska, ama tababaraha wuxuu soo saari karaa challenge si loo dib u eego ciyaarta iyadoo la isticmaalayo muujinta. Go'aanka kama-dambaysta ah wuxuu ku jiraa garsooraha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.nfl.com/news/nfl-approves-rule-to-change-replay-process-0ap2000000336662 |title=NFL approves rule to change replay process |publisher=Business Insider |date=20 July 2011 |access-date=8 June 2015 |archive-date=8 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608173617/http://www.nfl.com/news/story/0ap2000000336662/article/nfl-approves-rule-to-change-replay-process |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Garsooraha fiidiyowga (caadi ahaan loo yaqaan Television Match Official ama TMO) wuxuu sidoo kale isticmaali karaa muujinta si uu u caawiyo go'aan-gaarida rugby-ga (labada liig iyo union).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.rugbyworld.com/news/blogs/television-match-official-when-can-they-rule-14818 |title=Television Match Official – when can they rule |publisher=Rugby World |date=20 August 2011 |access-date=8 June 2015 |archive-date=8 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608222853/http://www.rugbyworld.com/news/blogs/television-match-official-when-can-they-rule-14818 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/rugbyunion/club/9488451/New-rules-for-Television-Match-Officials-will-not-make-game-boring-to-watch-insist-rugby-chiefs.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/rugbyunion/club/9488451/New-rules-for-Television-Match-Officials-will-not-make-game-boring-to-watch-insist-rugby-chiefs.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=New rules for Television Match Officials will not make game boring to watch, insist rugby chiefs |work=The Telegraph |date=20 August 2012 |access-date=8 June 2015|last1=Cleary |first1=Mick }}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cricket-ka caalamiga ah, garsooruhu wuxuu kordhin karaa go'aanka garsooraha saddexaad, garsooraha saddexaadna wuxuu sameeyaa go'aanka kama-dambaysta ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC Umpire&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/rules_and_equipment/4183398.stm |title=The role of cricket umpires |publisher=BBC Sport |access-date=8 June 2015 |date=26 August 2005 |archive-date=2 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070302114814/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/rules_and_equipment/4183398.stm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Top End&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.topendsports.com/sport/cricket/technology.htm |title=Cricket Technology |publisher=Top End Sports |access-date=8 June 2015 |archive-date=8 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608175247/http://www.topendsports.com/sport/cricket/technology.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tan iyo 2008, nidaamka dib u eegiska go'aanka ee ciyaartoyda si loo dib u eego go'aanada waxaa lagu soo bandhigay oo lagu isticmaalay tartamada uu maamulo ICC, iyo ikhtiyaar ahaan ciyaaraha kale.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC Umpire&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://zeenews.india.com/sports/cricket/controversial-drs-to-be-used-in-2015-icc-world-cup_1538054.html |title=Controversial DRS to be used in 2015 ICC World Cup |publisher=Zee News |date=29 January 2015 |access-date=8 June 2015 |archive-date=8 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608222859/http://zeenews.india.com/sports/cricket/controversial-drs-to-be-used-in-2015-icc-world-cup_1538054.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyada oo ku xiran warbaahinta martigalisa, tiro teknoolojiyo oo kala duwan ayaa lagu isticmaalaa inta lagu jiro dib u eegiska garsooraha ama ciyaartoyda, oo ay ku jiraan muujinta tooska ah, Hawk-Eye, Hot Spot iyo Real Time Snickometer.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/icc-cricket-world-cup-2015/content/story/827213.html |title=Hawkeye, Realtime Snicko for World Cup |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |date=7 February 2015 |access-date=8 June 2015 |archive-date=10 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610075356/http://www.espncricinfo.com/icc-cricket-world-cup-2015/content/story/827213.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.rediff.com/cricket/report/icc-world-cup-3-top-reasons-why-did-not-use-hotspot-as-part-of-drs/20150213.htm |title=3 Top reasons why ICC did not use 'Hotspot' as part of DRS |newspaper=Rediff |publisher=Rediff cricket |date=13 February 2015 |access-date=8 June 2015 |archive-date=8 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608195717/http://www.rediff.com/cricket/report/icc-world-cup-3-top-reasons-why-did-not-use-hotspot-as-part-of-drs/20150213.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Hawk-Eye waxaa sidoo kale lagu isticmaalaa tennis-ka si loogu tartamo go'aanada garsoorida.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Almog |first1=David |last2=Gauriot |first2=Romain |last3=Page |first3=Lionel |last4=Martin |first4=Daniel |title=AI Has Entered the Court. Is This Changing Umpires' Calls? |url=https://insight.kellogg.northwestern.edu/article/ai-has-entered-the-court-is-this-changing-umpires-calls |website=Kellogg Insight |publisher=Kellogg School of Management |access-date=23 February 2026 |language=en |date=1 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/tennis/7305404.stm |title=Hawk-Eye challenge rules unified |date=19 March 2008 |access-date=22 August 2008 |work=BBC News |archive-date=23 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080323085536/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/7305404.stm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ciyaaraha iyo waxbarashada ==
Cilmi-baadhisu waxay soo jeedinaysaa in ciyaaruhu ay leeyihiin awood ay ku xidhaan dhallinyarada iyo tusaalayaasha togan ee dadka waaweyn oo ay bixiyaan fursado horumarineed oo togan, sida ay u dhiirigeliyaan barashada iyo dabaqidda xirfadaha nolosha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Fraser-Thomas |first1=Jessica L. |last2=Côté |first2=Jean |last3=Deakin |first3=Janice |date=2005 |title=Youth sport programs: an avenue to foster positive youth development |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/43501126 |journal=Physical Education &amp; Sport Pedagogy |language=en |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=19–40 |doi=10.1080/1740898042000334890 |hdl=1974/14425 |issn=1740-8989|hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=UNESCO|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000366771|title=Strengthening the rule of law through education: a guide for policymakers|publisher=UNESCO|year=2019|isbn=978-92-3-100308-0|access-date=9 March 2020|archive-date=25 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225195201/https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000366771|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadaha dhow isticmaalka ciyaaraha si loo yareeyo dambiyada, sida in looga hortago xagjirnimada dagaalka ah iyo xagjirnimada, wuxuu noqday mid caan ah, gaar ahaan sida qalab lagu hagaajinayo kalsoonida nafta, kor loogu qaado xiriirada bulshada oo la siiyo ciyaartoyda dareen ujeeddo leh.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Ma jiro caddeyn heersare ah oo muujinaysa waxtarka dhiirigelinta lagu kordhinayo kaparticipatinka ciyaaraha ee bulshada ee ciyaaraha sida ololaha warbaahinta weyn, fadhiyada waxbarashada, iyo isbeddellada siyaasadda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Priest |first1=N |last2=Armstrong |first2=R |last3=Doyle |first3=J |last4=Waters |first4=E |date=16 July 2008 |title=Interventions Implemented Through Sporting Organisations for Increasing Participation in Sport |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |issue=3 |article-number=CD004812 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004812.pub3 |pmid=18646112 |hdl-access=free |hdl=1885/285237|issn = 1464-780X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale ma jiraan wax barasho heersare ah oo baadhaya saamaynta dhiirigelinta noocan oo kale ah oo ku saabsan dhiirigelinta isbeddelka dhaqanka caafimaadka ee bulshada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Priest |last1=N |first2=Armstrong |last2=R |first3=Doyle |last3=J |first4=Water |last4=E |title=Policy Interventions Implemented Through Sporting Organisations for Promoting Healthy Behaviour Change |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |date=16 July 2008 |volume=2008 |issue=3 |article-number=CD004809 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004809.pub3 |pmid=18646111 |pmc=6464902}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shahaadooyinka waxbarashada waxaa lagu heli karaa ciyaaraha: tusaale ahaan, aqoonta ciyaaraha waa qeyb aqooneed oo si wanaagsan u dhisnaa. UK, BTEC National Diploma ku saabsan Tababarka Ciyaaraha iyo Horumarinta waxaa bixiya Pearson Education.&lt;ref&gt;Pearson Education, [https://qualifications.pearson.com/en/qualifications/btec-nationals/sports-coaching-and-development-2019.html Sports Coaching and Development (2019)], accessed on 29 August 2025&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa jira afar shahaado oo ku jira qoyskan:
*Extended Certificate in Sports Coaching
*Foundation Diploma in Sports Coaching and Development
*Diploma in Sports Coaching and Development
*Extended Diploma in Sports Coaching and Development.&lt;ref&gt;Pearson Education, [https://qualifications.pearson.com/content/dam/pdf/BTEC-Nationals/sports-coaching-and-development/2019/specification-and-sample-assessments/btec-nats-non-measures-sports-coaching-and-development-spec.pdf Pearson BTEC Level 3 Nationals in Sports Coaching], accessed on 18 June 2022&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ciyaaraha iyo jir dhiska ==
Ciyaaraha ku jira jimicsiga jirka waxay leeyihiin saamayn togan oo ku saabsan heerarka fayowida ee ciyaartoyda. Dhinacyada guud, heerarka sare ee xoogga, xawaaraha, dulqaadka iyo dabacsanaanta waxaa lagu heli karaa iyada oo la waafajinayo baahida ciyaarta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bangsbo J.; Kissow J.; Hostrup M. |title=Speed Endurance Training to Improve Performance |journal=Scandinavian Journal of Medicine &amp; Science in Sports |date=July 2025 |volume=35 |issue=7 |doi=10.1111/sms.70091 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40576293/ |access-date=22 October 2026|pmc=12203883 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tusaale ahaan, qof wuxuu noqon karaa mid xoog badan oo leh heerarka sare ee dulqaadka troo legdinta ama mid dabacsan troo ciyaarida kubbadda koleyga. Ciyaaraha kala duwan waxay hagaajin karaan awoodaha jirka ee ciyaartoyga habab kala duwan. Walxaha xoogga, xawaaraha, dulqaadka iyo dabacsanaanta oo lagu isticmaalo ciyaaraha, oo lagu hagaajiyo, waxaa sidoo kale kordhin kara jimicsiga tababarka gaarka ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Bill Foran; Robin Pound |title=Complete Conditioning for Basketball |date=2007 |publisher=Human Kinetics |location=Champaign |isbn=978-0-4354-6516-2 |page=171}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hagaajinta lagu helay jimicsigan waxay ka dib hagaajin kartaa awoodda ciyaartoyga ee uu ku ciyaaro ciyaarta. Tusaale jimicsiga dabacsanaanta, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano drill, waa marka qof waddo dabacsanaan ah oo ku taalla dhulka uu ku socdo. Qofku wuxuu boodayaa kor iyo horay si hal cag ay ugu jirto gudaha geeska wadada cagna ay ka baxsan tahay. Waxay ka dib boodayaan kor iyo horay mar kale si cagta ku jirta gudaha iyo cagta ka baxsan geeska ay isbeddelaan i.e. cagta bidix ee gudaha iyadoo cagta xaq a ay ka baxsan tahay, ka dib cagta xaq a ee gudaha iyadoo cagta bidix ay ka baxsan tahay iyo siday u socoto waddada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Bill Foran; Robin Pound |title=Complete Conditioning for Basketball |date=2007 |publisher=Human Kinetics |location=Champaign |isbn=978-0-4354-6516-2 |page=175}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tani waxay caawisaa hagaajinta heerka guud ee dabacsanaanta sababtoo ah dabacsanaantu waa muhiim kubbadda koleyga waxay sidoo kale hagaajisaa awoodda kubbadda koleyga. Jimicsiga dabacsanaanta waxaa loo waafajin karaa si dhaqdhaqaaqyada lagu sameeyo ay ugu dhowaadaan kuwa lagu isticmaalo inta ay socoto ciyaartu. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in nooca dabacsanaanta ee la dhisay uu yahay mid loo wareejin karo tartanka dhabta ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Bill Foran; Robin Pound |title=Complete Conditioning for Basketball |date=2007 |publisher=Human Kinetics |location=Champaign |isbn=978-0-4354-6516-2 |page=172}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tusaalihii hore, dhaqdhaqaaqa degdega ah iyo dhigista cagaha wuxuu dhisaa dhaqdhaqaaqa cagaha degdega ah oo loo baahan yahay ciyaarta kubbadda koleyga.

Barnaamijyada tababarka ciyaaraha waxay ku jiraan sameynta xirfadaha gaarka ah ee ciyaartaas i.e. tababarka kubbadda cagta wuxuu ku jiri karaa baasitaanka kubbadda oo lagu celceliyo, iyo hagaajinta fayowida jirka guud iyo awoodda i.e. orodka wareegyada garoonka. Labada diiradood ee tababarkan waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu dhigo qof mid waxtar badan leh ciyaartaas iyadoo lagu hagaajinayo awoodooda ay ku buuxinayaan oo ay uga baxayaan dhibaatooyinka ay bixiso.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Micheli |first1=Lyle J. |title=Encyclopedia of Sport Medicine |date=2011 |publisher=Sage Publications |location=Thousand Oaks |isbn=978-1-4129-6115-8 |chapter=Speed, Agility, and Speed Endurance Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Siyaasadda==
{{Main article|Politics and sports}}
{{See also|Sportswashing|Sociology of sport}}

Benito Mussolini wuxuu isticmaalay Koobka Duunka FIFA 1934, oo lagu qabtay Talyaaniga, si uu u muujiyo Talyaaniga Fascist-ka ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HWj7BgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA28 |title=Soccer Vs. the State: Tackling Football and Radical Politics |last1=Kuhn |first1=Gabriel |date=2011 |page=28 |publisher=PM Press |access-date=8 June 2015 |isbn=978-1-60486-053-5 |archive-date=16 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216073648/https://books.google.com/books?id=HWj7BgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA28 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;World Fascism&quot;&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nvD2rZSVau4C&amp;pg=PA630 |title=World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1 |last1=Blamires |first1=Cyprian |date=2006 |pages=630–632 |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |access-date=8 June 2015 |isbn=978-1-57607-940-9 |archive-date=13 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213050912/https://books.google.com/books?id=nvD2rZSVau4C&amp;pg=PA630 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Adolf Hitler wuxuu isticmaalay Ciyaaraha Olimbikada Xagaaga 1936 ee lagu qabtay Berlin, iyo Ciyaaraha Olimbikada Jiilaalka 1936 ee lagu qabtay Garmisch-Partenkirchen, si uu u dhiirigeliyo caqiidada Nazi-ga ee sareynta dadka Aryan-ka, iyo hooseynta Yuhuudda iyo &quot;kuwa kale oo aan la rabin&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;World Fascism&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Sociology Sport&quot;&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uKarC6oX3P8C&amp;q=hitler+used+1936+olympics+to+promote+ideology&amp;pg=PT32 |title=The Sociology of Sport and Physical Education |last1=Saxena |first1=Anurag |year=2001 |publisher=Pinnacle Technology |access-date=8 June 2015 |isbn=978-1-61820-468-4 }}{{Dead link|date=April 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Jarmalku wuxuu isticmaalay Olimbikada si uu u muujiyo muuqaal nabad ah iyadoo hoose si qarsoodi ah loogu diyaargarobayay dagaal.&lt;ref&gt;''Kulttuurivihkot'' 1 2009 Berliinin olympialaiset 1936 Poliittisen viattomuuden menetys Jouko Jokisalo 28–29{{in lang|fi}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Markii apartheid uu ahaa siyaasadda rasmiga ah ee Koonfur Afrika, tiro ciyaartoy ah, gaar ahaan rugby union-ka, waxay qaateen dhabar-adayg ah in aysan ka muuqan ciyaaraha tartanka ah ee halkaas ka jira. Kuwa qaar waxay u arkaan in tani ay ahayd waxtar waxtar leh oo ku saabsan dhammaadka apartheid, kuwa kalena waxay u arkaan in ay sii dheeraysay oo ay sii xoojisay saamaynteeda ugu darayd.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Sport and apartheid|journal=History Compass|volume=3|pages= **|doi=10.1111/j.1478-0542.2005.00165.x|year = 2005|last1 = Merrett|first1 = Christopher}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Taariikhda Ireland, ciyaaraha Gaelic waxay ku xirnaayeen waddaniyadda dhaqanka. Illaa bartamihii qarnigii 20aad qof waa la mamnuuci karay in uu ciyaaro Gaelic football, hurling, ama ciyaaraha kale oo maamulo Ururka Ciyaaraha Gaelic (GAA) haddii uu ciyaaro ama taageero kubbadda cagta, ama ciyaaraha kale oo loo arko in ay ka yimaadeen Ingriiska. GAA waxay mamnuucday ciyaarida kubbadda cagta iyo rugby union-ka garoomada Gaelic. Mamnuucan, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano Xeerka 42,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Fulton |first1=Gareth |last2=Bairner |first2=Alan |year=2007 |title=Sport, Space and National Identity in Ireland: The GAA, Croke Park and Rule&amp;nbsp;42. |journal=Space &amp; Polity |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=55–74 |doi=10.1080/13562570701406592 |s2cid=143213001 }}&lt;/ref&gt; weli waa lagu dhaqmaa, laakiin waa la beddelay si loogu oggolaado kubbadda cagta iyo rugby-ga in lagu ciyaaro Croke Park iyadoo Lansdowne Road dib loo dhisayay iyadoo loo beddelayo Aviva Stadium. Xeerka 21 hoostiisa, GAA waxay mamnuucday xubnaha ciidamada nabadgelyada Ingriiska iyo xubnaha Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) in ay ciyaaraan ciyaaraha Gaelic, laakiin karradkii Heshiiskii Jimcaha Wanaagsanaa ee 1998 wuxuu keenay ka saarida mamnuucan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=50th anniversary of abolition of 'The Ban' offers pause for perspective |url=https://www.gaa.ie/news/50th-anniversary-of-abolition-of-the-ban-offers-pause-for-perspective/ |access-date=2 July 2023 |website=www.gaa.ie |date=9 April 2021 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Waddaniyaddu inta badan waxay ka muuqataa raadinta ciyaaraha ama warbixinteeda: ciyaartoydu waxay ku tartamaan kooxaha qaranka, oo weriyayaasha ama dhagaystayaashu inta badan waxay qaataan fikrado leexsan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Arnold|first=Richard|title=Nationalism and Sport: A Review of the Field|journal=Nationalities Papers|year=2020|volume=49|issue=1|pages=2–11|doi=10.1017/nps.2020.9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mararka kaar, fardhadan waxay u beddelataa dagaal u dhexeya ciyaartoyda ama daawadayaasha, sida inta lagu jiro Dagaalkii Kubbadda Cagta ee 1969 ee u dhexeyay El Salvador iyo Honduras, oo ah dagaal uu kiciyay rabshadaha ku taalla kaparticipatinka Koobka Duunka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Jennings|first=Andrew|title=Has football ever started a war?|work=The Guardian|date=2007-02-21|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2007/feb/21/theknowledge.sport|access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhacdooyinkan waxaa loo arkaa kuwo ka dhan ah ruuxa muhiimka ah ee ciyaaraha—kaas oo ah, in loogu tartamo ujeedadeeda lafahaadeed iyo baashaalka ciyaartoyda. Siyaasadda iyo ciyaaruhu waxay si xanuun badan u isku arkeen Olimbikadii Munich 1972, markii dagaalyahanno Falastiiniyiin ah ay ka soo galeen Tuulada Olimbikada, iyagoo la haystayaal u qaday xubnaha kooxda Israa'iil, iyagoo aakhirkiina dilay 11 ciyaartoy oo loo yaqaano gumaadkii Munich.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|publisher=Reuters|title=Paris ceremony honours Israeli athletes killed in 1972 Munich Games attack|date=2024-08-06|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/paris-ceremony-honours-israeli-athletes-killed-1972-munich-games-attack-2024-08-06/|access-date=2025-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Barashada doorashooyinka US waxay muujisay in natiijada dhacdooyinka ciyaaruhu ay saamayso natiijooyinka. Barasho lagu daabacay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences waxay muujisay in marka kooxda gurigu ay guuleysato ciyaarta ka hor doorashada, murashaxiinta maamulka ku jira ay kordhin karaan saamigooda codadka 1.5%. Guuldaradu waxay lahayd saamayn iska soo horjeeda, saamayntanina waa ka weyn tahay kooxaha sare ama guulaha iyo guuldarooyinka aan la filayn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Will Ohio State's Football Team Decide Who Wins the White House? |author1=Tyler Cowen |author2=Kevin Grier |work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |date=24 October 2012 |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2012/10/how_the_presidential_race_between_barack_obama_and_mitt_romney_could_be.html |access-date=29 December 2013 |archive-date=30 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230233509/http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2012/10/how_the_presidential_race_between_barack_obama_and_mitt_romney_could_be.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Marka Washington Commanders ay guuleystaan ciyaartooda kama-dambaysta ah ka hor doorashada, markaas madaxweynaha maamulka ku jira wuxuu leeyahay fursad ka badan oo uu ku guuleysto, haddii ay guuldarraystaana, murashaxa mucaaradka wuxuu leeyahay fursad ka badan oo uu ku guuleysto; tani waxay noqotay mid loo yaqaan Xeerka Redskins.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/football-insider/wp/2012/11/03/will-redskins-rule-again-determine-outcome-of-presidential-election/ |title=Will Redskins Rule again determine outcome of presidential election? |author=Mike Jones |date=3 November 2012 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=14 September 2017 |archive-date=7 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141107110626/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/football-insider/wp/2012/11/03/will-redskins-rule-again-determine-outcome-of-presidential-election/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.espnfrontrow.com/2012/10/redskins-rule-mnfs-hirdt-on-intersection-of-football-politics/ |title='Redskins Rule': MNF's Hirdt on intersection of football &amp; politics |work=ESPN Front Row |date=30 October 2012 |access-date=12 June 2015 |archive-date=17 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117032035/http://www.espnfrontrow.com/2012/10/redskins-rule-mnfs-hirdt-on-intersection-of-football-politics/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Sida keenista maamulida iyo hoos-u-dhicida dadka===
Étienne de La Boétie, qoraalkiisa Discourse on Voluntary Servitude wuxuu ku qeexayaa ciyaaraha daawashada sida habab ay kalitalisyadu ku maamulaan dadkooda iyagoo ka leexinaya diiradda.
&lt;blockquote&gt;
Ha u malaynina in uu jiro shimbir si fudud loo qabto decoy-ga, ama samayn kasta oo si degdeg ah ku xiranta jillaabka troo sedka gooryaanka ah, ka sii badan dhammaan doqoomadan saboolka ah oo si caqli badan loogu khayay addoonsiga...waxay isu oggolaadaan in la qabto si degdeg ah marka la joogo taabashada yar ee rabitaankooda. Ciyaaraha, riwaayadaha, daawashada, gladiators, xayawaanka yaabka leh, biladaha, sawirrada, iyo daroogooyinka kale oo noocan oo kale ah, kuwani waxay u ahaayeen dadkii duugga ahaa sedka loo adeegsado addoonsiga, qiimaha xorriyaddooda, qalabka kalitalisnimada. Troo kuwan...dhiirigelinta kalitalisyadii duugga ahaa waxay si guul leh ugu seexiyeen dadkooda madaxa hoostiisa, iyadoo dadkii wareeray, ay ku sasabmeen madadaalada iyo baashaalka been-abuurka ah ee ka muuqday eygooda ka hor, ay barteen adheecsiga si fudud...sida carruurta yaryari ay u bartaan akhriska iyagoo eegaya buugaagta sawirrada dhalaalaya.&lt;ref&gt;Étienne de La Boétie, ''Discourse on Voluntary Servitude'' (1549), Part 2&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;Intii uu socday maamulkii Ingriiska ee Bengal, ciyaaraha Ingriiska iyo Yurub waxay bilaabeen in ay beddelaan ciyaaraha soo jireenka ah ee Bengal, taas oo keentay in la lumiyo dhaqankii hoose.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/904168|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126161837/https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/904168|title=Disappearance of Traditional games by the imitation of Colonial Culture through the Historical parameters of Cultural Colonialism|archive-date=26 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801043229/https://dergipark.org.tr/|title=Ana Sayfa » DergiPark|archive-date=1 August 2019|website=dergipark.org.tr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Jarmalkii Bari oo ay maamulayeen shuuciyadu, tan iyo 1970-yadii illaa 1990, 'noin 3,000 oo caawiyayaal aan rasmi ahayn ayaa lagu isticmaalay sannad kasta ciyaaraha heerka sare ah, oo ay ku jiraan ciyaartoy badan oo kubbadda cagta ah, taageerayaal iyo garsoorayaal'.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Mike Dennis |first1=Norman LaPorte |title=State and Minorities in Communist East Germany |date=2011 |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-0-857-45-195-8 |page=125 |chapter=Football fans, hooligans and the state}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ujeedooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee Stasi ay ku dhistay nidaamkan ballaaran ee caawiyayaasha ah waxay ahayd in ka hortag lagaga sameeyo ciyaartoyda in ay u baxsadaan Galbeedka, iyagoo isticmaalaya labada hab ee ilaalinta iyo caddadinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Mike Dennis |first1=Norman LaPorte |title=State and Minorities in Communist East Germany |date=2011 |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-0-857-45-195-8 |page=125 |chapter=Football fans, hooligans and the state}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Fikradaha diinta==
{{main|New Testament athletic metaphors}}
[[File:Panathenaic amphora Kleophrades Louvre F277.jpg|thumb|Orodka cagaha wuxuu ahaa hal dhacdo oo loo go'aamiyay Zeus. Panathenaic amphora, Kleophrades painter, Circa 500 BC, Louvre museum.]]
Ciyaaruhu waxay ahaayeen nooc muhiim ah oo cibaado ah Diinta Gariigii Hore. Ciyaaraha Olimbikada ee duugga ahaa waxaa lagu qaban jiray maamuuska ilaaha sare, Zeus, iyadoo lagu muujinayo noocyo kala duwan oo u-go'aaminta diinta ah ee isaga iyo ilaahyada kale.&lt;ref&gt;Gardinier, Norman E., 'The Olympic Festival' in ''Greek Athletic Sports and Festivals'', London: MacMillan, 1910, p.195&lt;/ref&gt; Gariig badan ayaa u safrayay si ay u eegaan ciyaaraha, iyadoo isku-darka socdaalka diinta iyo ciyaaraha uu u served-garaynayay sida hab lagu maamulayo midnimadooda oo hal dad ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Harker |first1=Barry H. |title=Strange Fire: Christianity and the Rise of Modern Olympianism |date=2006 |publisher=Hartland Publications |location=Rapidan |isbn=0-923309-39-X |page=75 |chapter=6: Olympia and Jerusalem}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ku-practice-garaynta tartamada ciyaaraha waxaa dhaleeceeyay mufakiriinta Masiixiga ah oo loo arkayay nooc sanam-caabudid ah, oo &quot;aadamuhu uu is-sareeyo, is-caabudo, is-saciifiyo oo is-abaalmariyo.&quot;&lt;ref name=Watson1&gt;''Sports and Christianity: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives'', Nick J. Watson, ed. (Routledge: 2013), p. 178.&lt;/ref&gt; Ciyaaraha waxaa loo arkaa kuwo dhaleeceeyayaashan ay u arkaan muujinta &quot;kibri wadajir ah&quot; iyo &quot;is-ilaahaysi qaran&quot; oo awoodaha aadamaha lagu sanam-caabudo iyada oo laga tagayo cibaadada diinta.&lt;ref name=Watson1/&gt;

Tertullian wuxuu dhaleeceeyay waxqabadka ciyaaraha ee maalmihiisii, wuxueena ku insisted-garaynayay &quot;dhammaan qalabka nooca ciyaaraha wuxuu ku dhisnaa sanam-caabudid.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Tertullian, ''De spectaculis'', Chapter 4.&lt;/ref&gt; Ciyaaraha, wuxuu leeyahay Tertullian, waxay kiciyaan dareenno la yaab leh oo ka baxsan dabeecadda deggen ee uu dhisay Masiixiga:
&lt;blockquote&gt;
Ilaah wuxuu nagu amray inaan u dhaqanno si deggen, si tartiib ah, si ka samaysan nabad, iyadoo uu la joogo Ruhal Qudus-ka, sababtoo ah waxyaabahani oo keliya waxay ku habboon yihiin wanaagga Dabeecaddiisa, iyadoo leh debecsanaanteisa iyo dareenkiisa. ... Hagaag, sida ay tani ugu habboonaan doontaa ciyaaraha? Sababtoo ah ciyaartu mar walba waxay keentaa iztiroob ruuxi ah, sababtoo ah halka ay ka jirto baashaal, waxaa ka jira dareen adag oo bixinaya baashaalka; halka ay ka jirto dareen adag, waxaa ka jira tartan oo siinaya kuleylkiisa. Ka dibna, marka aad leedahay tartan, waxaad leedahay carro, qadhaadh, xanaaq iyo calool-xumo, iyadoo dhammaan waxyaabaha xun ay ka soo bayaan kuwan – oo dhan si buuxda oo ka baxsan diinta Masiixa.&lt;ref&gt;''De spectaculis'' Chapter 15.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;
Wadaaddada Masiixiga ee dhaqdhaqaaqa Wesleyan-Holiness waxay ka soo horjeedaan daawashada ama kaparticipatinka ciyaaraha xirfadlaha ah, iyagoo raba in liigyada ciyaaraha xirfadlaha ah ay nijaaseeyaan Sabtida, oo ay la tartamaan u-go'aaminta Masiixiga ee Ilaah, muujiyaan la'aanta xishoodka ee dharka ciyaartoyda iyo cheerleaders-ka, oo ay ku xirnaadaan dagaal iyo isticmaalka dhaaraha ee u dhexeya ciyaartoy badan, oo ay dhiirigeliyaan khamaarka, sida khamriga iyo dawooyinka kale ee dhacdooyinka ciyaaraha, oo ka dhan ah u-go'aaminta teetotalism-ka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Handel2020&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Handel |first1=Paul S. |title=Reasons Why Organized Sports Are Not Pleasing to God |date=2020 |publisher=Immanuel Missionary Church |page=4 |language=English}}&lt;/ref&gt;
==Xigashooyinka==
{{Reflist}}

===Ilaha===
* European Commission (2007), ''The White Paper on Sport''
* Council of Europe (2001), ''The European sport charter''
*{{Free-content attribution
| title = Strengthening the rule of law through education: a guide for policymakers
| publisher = UNESCO
| page numbers =
| documentURL = https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000366771
| license statement URL =
| license = CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
}}

==Sii akhriso==
{{Sister project links|Sports|voy=Sport}}
* ''The Meaning of Sports'' by Michael Mandel (PublicAffairs, {{ISBN|1-58648-252-1}}).
* [https://www.tandfonline.com/journals/rjps20 ''Journal of the Philosophy of Sport'']
* Sullivan, George. ''The Complete Sports Dictionary''. New York: Scholastic Book Services, 1979. p.&amp;nbsp;199. {{ISBN|0-590-05731-6}}

{{Authority control}}</text>
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    <title>Yugandha</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="13394" sha1="c4ccld0vv1g4m9839041u58hlmnhqn6" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Yugaandha
| native_name = ''Jamhuri ya Uganda''
| common_name = Uganda
| image_flag = Flag of Uganda.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Uganda.svg
| image_map = Uganda (orthographic projection).svg
| national_motto = 
| national_anthem = 
| nickname = 
| official_languages = |[[Sawaaxili]]&lt;{{hlist |[[Ingiriis (luqad)|Ingiriis]]|[[Sawaaxili]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/ugtoc.html &quot;Uganda: Society&quot;] in the [[Library of Congress]]. Retrieved 29 June 2009.&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| languages_type = 
| languages = 
|ethnic_groups =
| ethnic_groups_year = 
| demonym = 
| capital = [[Kampala]]
| largest_city = capital
| government_type = 
| leader_title1 = 
| leader_name1 = 
| leader_title2 = 
| leader_name2 = 
| leader_title3 = 
| leader_name3 = 
| legislature = 
| area_km2 = 236,040
| area_rank = 81st
| area_magnitude = 1 E11
| area_sq_mi = 91,136
| percent_water = 15.39
| population_estimate = 35,873,253
| population_estimate_year = 2012
| population_estimate_rank = 35th
| population_census = 24,227,297
| population_census_year = 2002
| population_density_km2 = 137.1
| population_density_sq_mi = 355.2 &lt;!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--&gt;
| population_density_rank = 80th
|GDP_PPP_year = 2012
| GDP_PPP = $50.439 billion&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2013/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=31&amp;pr.y=16&amp;sy=2009&amp;ey=2012&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=746&amp;s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&amp;grp=0&amp;a= |title=Uganda |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=18 April 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank =
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $1,414&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
| GDP_nominal = $21.002 billion&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank =
| GDP_nominal_year = 2012
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $589&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
| Gini_year = 2009
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini = 44.3 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_ref =&lt;ref name=&quot;wb-gini&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |accessdate=2 March 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank =
| HDI_year = 2012
| HDI_change = steady &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI = 0.456 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_ref =&lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2013/|title=The 2013 Human Development Report – &quot;The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse World&quot;|publisher=[[Human Development Report|HDRO (Human Development Report Office)]] [[United Nations Development Programme]]|pages=144–147|accessdate=28 November 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=26 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226013923/http://hdr.undp.org/en/2013-report|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 161st
| FSI = {{nowrap|96.4 {{decrease}} 0.1}}
| FSI_year = 2007
| FSI_rank = 15th
| FSI_category = &lt;span style=&quot;color:red;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Alert&lt;/span&gt;
| [[List of countries by economic complexity|ECI]] = {{nowrap|{{decrease}} -0.488}}
| [[List of countries by economic complexity|ECI_year]] = 2008
| [[List of countries by economic complexity|ECI_rank]] = {{nowrap|{{decrease}} 24&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Alexander Simoes |url=http://atlas.media.mit.edu/book/ |title=The Observatory of Economic Complexity :: Atlas Book |publisher=Atlas.media.mit.edu |accessdate=27 June 2012 |archive-date=26 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226004436/https://atlas.media.mit.edu/book/%20 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| sovereignty_type = 
| established_event1 = 
| established_date1 = 
| established_event2 =
| established_date2 = 
| currency = [[Ugandan shilling]]
| currency_code = UGX
| time_zone = [[Waqtiga Bariga Afrika|EAT]]
| utc_offset = +3
| time_zone_DST = not observed
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| drives_on = left
| calling_code = [[+256]]&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;
| cctld = [[.ug]]
| footnote_a = 
}}
[[w:SW:Uganda]]
'''Yugaandha''' ama '''Jamhuuriyadda Yugaandha''', Waa waddan [[Dhex kujir]] ah oo ku yaalla [[Bari|bariga]] [[Afrika]]. Yugaandha waxay daris la tahay wadamada [[Kiinya]],[[Suudaan]],[[Jamhuuriyada Dimuqaraadiga Kongo]],[[Ruwanda]],[[Tansaaniya]] iyo [[warta Fiktoriya]]. Magaca Yugaandha waxoo ka yimid boqorkii la dhihi jiray (Bugaandha) oo ka tali jiray waddanka koonfurtiisa u danbaysa.

[[File:Badge of the Uganda Protectorate.svg|thumb|400px|alanka uganda]]
== Taariikh ==

Taariikh ahaan, dadka Ugaandhiiska waxa ay ahaayeen dad waranleey ah; koonfurta yugaandha waxaa deggenaan jiray dadka ku hadlo afka jareerta oo beeraleey ah; yugaandha waxaa ku badan ajaanibta. Waddanka waxaa ka soo tali jiray boqorkii la dhihi jiray (Bugandha).

[[File:KampalaSkyline.jpg|thumb|630px|right|Vista de la vila de Kampala.]]
== waqtigii gumeesiga ==
intii ee gumeestiyaashii yurubiyaanka ee gumeesanin, wadanka waxaa joogi jiray carab oo ganacsato ah, sanadka marka oo ahaa 1830meeyadii. Wadanka markaas waxaa ka talin jiray 3 boqor, oo lakala dhaho, (Bugandha), (Kitara) iyo (karagwa). Carabta waxoo kanacsigooda ahaa, Adoonyaasha. Meelo badan neh diinta islamka ee ku faafiyeen. Sanadka marka oo ahaa 1860meeyadii wadanka waxaa soo galay gumeesti yaashii ingriiska.
Gumeestihii ingriiska waxoo qabsaday Kenya iyo Ugandha, waxaana la isku dhihi jiray (ingriiska bariga afrika).waxaana la kala qeebiyay sanadka marka oo ahaa 1902.
==Xubin==
* [[IGAD]]*;*’
* [[Midowga Afrika]]*;*’

* [[Qaramada Midoobay]]*;*’

==Waddnamaha La deggan UGANDA==
* {{Flag|Kenya}} 40;000+
* {{Flag|South Sudan}} 7;000+:
* {{Flag|Somalia}} 41;000+

== Sheeg yaabaha ay aaminsasanyihiin dadka reer yugandha ==

sanadka marka oo ahaa 1950meeyadii, wadanka waxaa laga dhisay dimoqaraadi, waxaana la sameeyay Xisbiyaal iyo kongris. 1962 raiisul wasaaihii ugu horeeyay ee yugandha waxoo noqday [[Apollo Milton Obote]], waa markii ee Ugandha xornimada heshay. 1972 waxaa dhacday doorasho kadhaxeeso Obote iyo [[Yoweri Museveni]], doorashadaas neh waxaa ku guuleestay obote, isla markaas neh dood aa dhacday, Musveni waxoo ka dacwooday in ee doorashadaas xaqdarro ee eheed. Sanadka marka oo ahaa 1986dii waxaa madaxtinimada ku guuleestay Musveni oo ilaa hadda oo madaxweyne yahay.

== Dagaalkii wadamada darika ==
1998ii waxaa dhacday in ee [[Ruwanda]] iyo Yugandha ee ku tashteen wadanka Kongo, si ee u ridaan madaxweynaha [[Jamhuuriyadda Kongo ee Dimoqraadiga|Kongo]] [[Laurent Kabila]]. Musveni iyo wafdi oo militari ah waxee ku tashteen in ee ciidanka UPDF u diraan kongo ayaga iyo ciidamada [[Ruwanda]] oo iskaashanaayo. Micneheeda neh waxoo ahaa in ee joojiyaan, xasuuqa loo geesanaayay dadka [[Banyamulen]]ka ah oo ku nool wadanka kongo. Siyaasiinya Ugandha maku fikirin in ee xirtaan xuduudkooda, askarta Ugandheeska marka ee 1000km u galeen wadanka Kongo si ee u caawiyaan maleeshiyada (MLC) (Mouvement de Libération du Congo), waxaa ugandha soo galay ciidanka (ADF) (The Allied Democratic Forces) oo ka yimaaday wadanka Kongo, isla markaas neh waxee dab ku fureen magaalo yaal waaween sida magaalada [[Fort Portal]] waxeena qabsadeen, xabis ku yaalay galbeedka Ugandha. Ciidamada Ugandha iyo Ruwanda waxee bilaabeen in ee gurtaan oo dhameeyaan wax yaabaha ee dadka kongo ee ku noolyihiin iyo beerahooda.
maraykanka marka oo arintaas maqlay, waxoo Ugandha ka gooyay,ceerti oo militariga Ugandha sii jiray. Madaxweynaha maraykanka [[Bill Clinton]] aa ka xumaaday, dhaqaaqa ee ciidanka Ugandha sameeyeen, asiga oo la rabay in oo kadhigo ciidanka ugu xoogan oo dhibaatooyinka afrika xalin karaan.Madaxda Ugandha waxaa mar looga dooday in ee ayaga ka danbeeyay dagaalkii [[ituri]], Xasuuq badan neh ee u geesteen dad badan oo ku noolaa deegaanada u dhow meesha biyo degaanka ah. Sanadka marka oo ahaa 2005tii, waxaa [[maxkamada Caalamiga]] go aansatay in ee Ugandha lacag siiso Jamhuuriyadda Kongo, kadib markii ee dadka kongo ee arkagaxis ku rideen. 2007 ciidamada Ugaandheeska waxaa la soo galiyay wadanka [[Soomaaliya]], si ee u caawiyaan DFKMG, ayaga oo wato magaca midowga afrikaanka ee [[Amisom]]. Ciidamada Ugaandheeska waxee xasuuq ku haayaan dadka Soomaalida oo rayidka ah, ayaga oo madaafiic ku rido meelaha ee dadka rayidka ku badanyihiin ama dabaqyo inta ee koraan ee dadka madaxa ka toogtaan ayaga oo ku marmarsiyoonayaan, maleeshiyada ka soo horjeedo. ciidamada amisom waxee gaarayaan in ka badan 7000, waxeena muqdisho ka joogaan meel aad u yar, dhinaca madaxtooyada.

== Siyaasiinta ==
[[Madaxweyne|Madaxweyaha]] wadanka waa [[Yoweri Museveni]] oo madaxweyne ahaa ilaa sanadka maka oo ahaa 1986dii. madaxweynaha wadanka waa hoogaamiyaha madaxda Yugandha, madaxweynaha waxoo doortaa Raisul wasaare oo ku caawiyo shaqada oo qabanaayo. [[Barlamaan]]kooda waxoo ka koobanyahay 300 oo Xildhibaan, 81 ayaga ka mid ah neh, waxee ka imaadeen meelaha ugu faqiirsan wadanka. Halkii xildhibaan waxaa la doortaa 5tii sano mar.

== Xuquuqda Aadanaha ==
sanado badan ayaa waqooyiga yugandha ka socon jiray dagaalo oo xasuuq dadka u geesanaayeen, maleeshiyada [[Lord's Resistance]] iyo ciidamada Yugandha. Dadka neh ilaa hadda waxaa ku jirto baqdin. wadanka waxaa ka jiro xornimo ee dadka heesanin, oo dadka qaar la xiraayo ama la afduubanaayo, isla markaas neh si xun loola dhaqmaayo, mararka qaar neh caalamka oo gaaraa. 2005tii, wadanka ingriiska waxoo Yugandha ka gooyay, Ceertii oo sii jiray. Mardhow ee eheed markii oo ururka (grassroot) oo isku dayay in ee caalamka ogeysiiyaan caruurta ee maleeshiyada Lord afduubtaan, isla markaas neh ee ku qasbaan in ee askar noqdaan.Badanaa ciyaalka la afduubto kama badno 8jir, Ciyaalka wiilasha ah waxaa lagu qasbaa in ee qof dilaan, ciyaalka gabdhaha ah neh, waxaa lagu qasbaa in ee guursadaan maleeshiyada ciidankooda. 2005tii waxaa [[Maxkamada Caalamiga]] ku dhawaaqday in la xiro madaxda maleeshiyada Lord, oo lagu eedeeyay in ka danbeeyaan, dilka bini aadanka ka baxsan, xasuuqa, xooga iyo ciyaalka askarta laga dhigaayo.
== Tafaasiil Kooban ==
Dalka jamhuuriyada Uganda. Dalka Uganda waxa uu ku yalaa dhinca bari ee qaarada Afrika waxana kamid ah dalalka uu xadka la wadaago dalalka Tanzania, Rwanda, South Sudan iyo dalka jamhuuriyada Dimuqraadiga ah ee Congo. Waxa sidoo kale dhinaca galbeed kaga taala dalka harada qaarada Afrika ugu caansan uguna wayn ee Victoria. Harada Victoria waxa ay kala soorta dalalka Kenya Tanzania iyo jamhuuriyada Uganda. Caasimada dalka waxa la yidhaa Kampala. Bedka: Bedka dalku ku fadhiyana waxa lagu qiyaasaa 91,135.55, oo mayl laba jibaaran) una dhiganta 236,040.00, oo (kiiloo mitir laba jibaaran) sidoo kale baaxada dalka Uganda waxa lagu qiyaasaa in uu ku dhowyahay gobolka (Oregon) ee dalka Maraykanka.
== Dadka ==
Dadka ku dhaqan dalka Uganda tirakoobkii la qaaday sanadkii 2010-kii waxa tirada dadka reer Uganda ay kor u dhaysay 33-milyan oo ruux. Sidoo kale saadasha dadka reer Uganda ee sanadka 2050-ka waxa lasheegay in ay gaadhi doonto 84-milyan oo ruux.
== Afka ==
Luuqadaha lagaga hadlo dalka waxa kamid ah luugada Ingiriisiga ah luuqada 1aad ee ay ku hadlaan dadka reer Uganda, taas oo badanaa loo adeegsado waxbarashada iyo warbaahinta sida jaraa’idada. Luuqadaha kale ee ay ku hadlaan muwaadiniinta reer Uganda waxa kamid ah Luuqadaha Niger-Congo,
Nilo-Saharan, Swahiliga iyo Carabiga.
== Aqoonta ==
Dadka aqoonta leh ee dalka Uganda waxa lagu qiyaasaa boqolkiiba 61.8% kamid ah cabirka guud ee dadka reer Uganda.
== Diinta ==
Diimaha ay kala aaminsanyihiin dadka ku dhaqan dalka Uganda waxa kamid ah diinta kiristanka gaar ahaan mad-habta Roman Catholig oo ay haystaan boqolkiiba 33%, halka Protestanka ay ka haytaan dad gaadhaya boqolkiiba 33%, diinta Islaamka oo ah diinta sadexaad ee dadka ugu badani ay haystaan ayaa tirada dadka Muslimka ah waxa lagu qadaraa boqolkiiba 16%, diimaha dhaqanka la xidhiidha ee ay haystaan dadka Ugandhiiskii waxa lagu qiyaasaa tirada dadka haysta boqolkiiba 18%.
== Cimriga ==
Da’da ragga reer Uganda waxa lagu qiyaa in ay gaadho da’doodu
43-sano, dumarkuna wax ay jiraan 44-sano.
== Dawlada ==
Qaabka ay u shaqayso Dawladda dalka Uganda waa nidaamka caanka ah ee jamhuuriga (Government Type republic).
== Lacagta ==
Lacagta laga qaato dalka waxa la yidhaa Ugandan shilling oo loo soo gaabiyo (USh).
Warshadaha: Warshadaha dalka ka jira waxa ay farsameeyaan Sonkorta, Tubaakada, Cudbiga, Dunta, Sibidhka, iyo alaab kale oo faro badan.
== Beeraha ==
Beeraha dlaka jamhuuriyada Uganda waxa ka baxa ama laga beera dalagyo ay kamid yihiin Coffeega, Cudbiga, Shaaha, Cassavanaha, Baradhada iyo Galayda.
== Xoolaha ==
Dadka reer Uganda waxa ay dhaqdaan xoolo ay kamid yihiin Riyaha iyo Lo’da, oo badanaa loo isticmaalo ama loo dhaqdo hilib ahaan. Waxa kale oo jira qaybo dadka reer Uganda kamid ah oo dhaqda Khinsiirka iyo Digaaga. Dhulka la isticmaalo ee dalka Uganda waxa lagu qiyaasaa boqolkiiba 25% kamid ah cabirka guud ee dalka. Dalka Uganda oo kamid ah wadama uu maro dhulbadhuhu ayaa ku caan ah dhul qurxoon oo soo jiita indhaha dadka dalxiisayaasha ah maadaama oo dalka harahu ku badanyihiin.
== Khayraadka ==
Kharyaadka dabiiciga ah ee dalka Uganda waxa kamida ah macdanaha Koborta, Cusbada, Cobalt, iyo awooda biyaha lagaga dhaliyo korontada ee (hydropower).
== Tixraacyada ==
* [https://www.jw.org/en/library/books/2010-Yearbook-of-Jehovahs-Witnesses/Uganda/ Uganda]

{{commonscat|Uganda|Ugaandha}}
&lt;references/&gt;
 
{{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}}
{{Dalalka Afrika}}
[[Category:Dawladdaha Afrika]]
[[Category:Wadamada Afrika]]</text>
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    <title>Qardho</title>
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      <text bytes="15656" sha1="gt9v3cha8qu1y0lc3rpexn2vfq58yso" xml:space="preserve">'''Qardho''' ( [[Af Soomaali|Somali]]: Qardho , [[Carabi|Af-Carabi]] : قرضو , sidoo kale loo yaqaano '''Gardo''' , waa magaalo ku taal waqooyi bari gobolka [[Bari (Gobol)|Bari]] ee [[Soomaaliya]], waa degmo ka tirsan maamul goboleedka [[Puntland]].{{Infobox settlement
|official_name          =Qardho
|other_name             =قرضو
|native_name            =  Q𐒖𐒇𐒆𐒔𐒙
|nickname               =Magaalada Hiddaha iyo dhaqanka 
|settlement_type        =Magaalo
|motto                  = 
|image_skyline          =Qardho.jpg 
|imagesize              =
|image_caption          = 
|image_flag             = 
|flag_size              =
|image_seal             = 
|seal_size              =
|image_map              = 
|mapsize                = 
|map_caption            = 
|pushpin_map            =Somalia
|pushpin_label_position =bottom
|pushpin_mapsize        =
|pushpin_map_caption    =Goobta Soomaaliya
|coordinates_display    =
|coordinates_region     =
|subdivision_type       =Wadanka
|subdivision_name       ={{flag|Somalia}}
| subdivision_type1      = Maamul Goboleedka
| subdivision_type2      = Gobol
| subdivision_type3      = 
| subdivision_name1      = {{flag|Puntland}}
| subdivision_name2      = [[Bari]]
| subdivision_name3      = [[Dhoobley]]
|government_note  = 
|government_type        = 
|leader_title           = Gudoomiyaha
|leader_name            = Cabdiqaadir Siciid Qaal
|leader_title1           = Cimilada
|leader_name1            = BWh
|leader_title2           = 
|leader_name2            = 
|established_title      =  
|established_date       = 
|area_magnitude         = 
|unit_pref              = 
|area_note         = 
|area_total_km2         = 200
|area_land_km2          = 
|population_as_of       = 
|population_footnotes   =
|population_note        = 
|population_total       = 185,000(2,020)
190,000(2,022)
|population_density_km2 =
|timezone               =[[East Africa Time|EAT]]
|utc_offset             =+3
|timezone_DST           =  
|utc_offset_DST         = 
|latd=|latm=|lats=|latNS=
|longd=|longm=|longs=|longEW=
|elevation_footnotes    = 
|elevation_m            = 
|postal_code_type       = 
|postal_code            =
|area_code              =
|blank_name             =
|blank_info             =
|website                = 
|footnotes              = 
}}

==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Qardho waxaa ku noolaa ku dhawaad ​​47,700 oo qof sanadkii 2000. Degmada ballaaran ee Qardho waxaa ku nool 300,000 oo qof.


==Taariikhda==
===Ilaa Xornimada Soomaaliya===
Qardho waxay ka mid tahay degsiimooyinka qadiimiga ah ee waqooyiga Soomaaliya.  Dooxada Arie, oo u dhaxaysa magaalada iyo magaalada Isku-shuban, ayaa mar waxay ahayd magaalo aad u wayn oo leh dhismayaal aad u badan oo ay ka muuqdaan darbiyo qaro weyn. Magaalada Qardho ayaa sidoo kale waxa ay ku taalaa meel u dhaw halka uu ku aasan yahay Aabihii hore ee Beesha Mareexaan Daarood.
Xilligii hore ee casriga ah, Qardho waxay ahayd qayb ka mid ah Saldanada Majeerteen (Migiurtinia), oo xarunteedu ahayd Caluula. Ka dib waxa lagu daray Somaliland Talyaani horraantii qarnigii 20aad.
===Ku xeeran xornimada Soomaaliya===
Sannadkii 1959-kii, Cabdirashiid Sharma’arke, oo markii dambe noqday madaxweynaha Soomaaliya, waxa uu xubin ka noqday golihii sharci-dejinta ee Soomaaliya, isaga oo wakiil ka ahaa Qardho.
Bishii Juun 1981, Bangiga Adduunku wuxuu tilmaamay saddex goobood oo ku yaal waqooyi-bari Soomaaliya inay rajo ka qabaan waraabka, oo mid ka mid ah uu yahay inta u dhaxaysa Ceerigaabo iyo Qardho.  Inta soo hartay waxay u dhow yihiin dooxada Nugaaleed iyo Gaalkacyo agteeda.
===Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya ka dib===
Bishii Agoosto 1993, Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay weli kama quusan dhammaadka hore ee Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya, warbixin ku taariikhaysan Agoosto 17, waxay sheegtay in &quot;la sameeyay 21 gole degmo oo ay ku jiraan 2 gobol oo waqooyi-bari ah ... Gobolka Bari: Qardho Bender Beyla.
1998-dii, WFP waxay dhamaystirtay laba barkadood oo lagaga hortagayo fatahaadda tuulada Dhahan oo u dhow Qardho. Waxa kale oo ay dhammaatay wejigii koowaad ee kawaanka iyo qaybinta raashinka.
Bishii Agoosto 2002, Madaxweynihii hore ee Puntland, Cabdullaahi Yuusuf Axmed, ayaa qabsaday magaalada Qardho, oo ay gacanta ku hayeen ciidamo daacad u ah Madaxweyne Jaamac Cali Jaamac (kaasoo markii dambe xilka laga qaaday oo aan marna loo aqoonsan in uu madaxweyne noqday).
December 4, 2003, dawladda Puntland waxay ku dhawaaqday in la dhisayo afar gobol oo kala ah Boosaaso, Karkaar, iyo Haylaan.  Gobolka Karkaar waxa uu ka go’ay gobolka Bari.[10]  Qardho waxaa loo asteeyay inay noqoto caasimadda gobolka Karkaar.
2006-dii ayaa cismaan Buux Cali loo doortay madaxweynaha golaha deegaanka iyo duqa degmada Qardho markii ugu horeysay tan iyo 1968-kii.
Bishii Agoosto 2010, doorashooyinkii golaha deegaanka waxa ay natiijadeedu noqotay in guddoomiyaha golaha deegaanka uu noqdo Maxamed Siciid Hoggaamo;  Maxamed waxa uu noqday guddoomiyihii gole ee ugu horreeyay ee si dimuqraadi ah loo soo doorto.
Bishii Disembar 2011, shan budhcad-badeed ayay booliiska Puntland ku xireen Qardho.  Halkaa marka ay marayso, waxaa la sheegay in ay weli ku sugnaayeen aagga Karkaar budhcad-badeed badan.
Bishii Nofeembar 2012, madaxweynaha Puntland Cabdiraxmaan Faroole ayaa booqday Qardho, halkaas oo ay dadku ku gubeen taayiro, dhagaxaanna ku tuureen.
Bishii Juun 2013, Cabdullaahi Muuse, Boqorkii 34-aad (Boqorka) ee Daarood ayaa ku geeriyooday dalka Finland xanuun awgiis.[ Bishii May 2014, waxaa la sheegay in Burhaan loo magacaabay boqorka salaadiinta Majeerteen iyo Boqorka 34-aad (Boqorka) ee beesha Daarood ee Qardho.
Bishii May 2015 kooxda kubadda koleyga Qardho ayaa ku guuleystay tartankii kubadda koleyga ee bariga iyo bartamaha Afrika ee ka socday magaalada Daarasalaam ee dalka Tanzania, iyagoo ka badiyay koox ka socotay magaalada Qaahira ee dalka Masar
Bishii Luulyo 2015, Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Federaalka Soomaaliya Cumar Sharma'arke ayaa booqday Qardho.
Bishii Sebtembar 2015, golaha deegaanka Qardho ayaa Cabdi Siciid Cismaan u doortay duqa magaalada
===Gaashaanle Sare Oo Ka Tirsan Ciidanka Somaliland Oo Dalka Dibadiisa Ku Sugan===
Bishii May 2018, Kornayl Siciid Cawil Caarre, oo ahaa Taliyihii Guutada 3aad ee Ciidanka Somaliland ee Degmada Ceel Afweyn, ayaa isaga iyo ciidan u goostay magaalada Qardho ee Puntland.
Bishii Juun 2018, wafdi ka socda Imaaraadka Carabta ayaa booqday Qardho.
Bishii Luulyo 2018, Ra’iisul Wasaaraha Soomaaliya Xasan Cali Khayre ayaa booqasho ku tagay Qardho isagoo heegan ku jira, waxaana lagu soo dhaweeyay.
Bishii Agoosto 2018,Kornayl Caarre ayaa ku dhawaaqay inuu saldhig ciidan ka sameystay duleedka Qardho si uu isaga caabiyo Somaliland. Arrintaas waxaa bixisay dawladda Puntland oo sheegtay in ay qaabili doonto dhammaan dadka magangelyo doonka ah ee ka soo jeeda Somaliland.
Bishii March 2019,dawladda Puntland waxay mamnuucday ciidankii uu hoggaaminayey Kornayl Caarre ee fadhigoodu ahaa Qardho. Dowladda hoose ee Qardho ayaa ka mamnuucday ciidamada Kornayl Caarre in ay gudaha u galaan magaalada.  Bishii Luulyo 2019, ciidamada Kornayl Caarre ayaa la sheegay inay kula dagaalameen ciidamada Somaliland magaalada Dhoobo oo ka fog Qardho.
===Xaaladihii u dambeeyay===
Bishii April 2020, dawladda Puntland waxay qabatay qaad tiro badan oo kontarabaan ah, waxayna tusaale ahaan ku gubtay fagaare ka baxsan magaalada Qardho.
Bishii Agoosto 2020, Hay'adda Cunnada iyo Beeraha (FAO) ayaa magaalada Qardho ka dhistay xarunta la socodka iyo maareynta cayayaanka.
Bishii Sebtembar 2021, Madaxweynaha Puntland Siciid Cabdullaahi Dani ayaa Maxamed Faarax Cabdiseed (Buraale) u magacaabay duqa ku meel gaarka ah ee Qardho.
===Doorashooyinka deegaanka===
Doorashada deegaanka ee Puntland ayaa lagu qabtay Qardho Oktoobar 2021.Waxay ahayd doorashadii ugu horreysay ee dimuqraadi ah muddo 50 sano ah.
April 2022 ayaa C/qaadir Siciid Qaal loo doortay duqa cusub ee degmada Qardho, waxaana gudoomiyaha golaha deegaanka ay tahay doorasho dhawaan dhacday
25-October-2021-ka Puntland waxaa ka dhacay doorasho horudhac ah oo ka dhacday 3 degmo oo kala ah Qardho, Eyl iyo Ufayn, iyadoo doorashada golayaasha deegaanka ee dowlad goboleedka Puntland ay ka dhaceyso horraanta sanadka 2022. Doorashadan ayaa ahayd tii ugu horeysay tan iyo markii la doortay hal qof, hal cod iyo 19 qof oo Soomaali ah.  1998.
Musharixiinta doorashada degmooyinka ayaa u tartamaya oo ay soo sharaxaan xisbiyada siyaasadda.  Maayarka iyo Golaha Deegaanka ayaa markaa Golayaashu soo xulayaan fadhiga gaarka ah ee ugu horreeya ee kalfadhiga cusub ee sharci dejinta.

==Cimilada==
Qardho 
Bisha Jan Feberaayo Mar Apr May Jun Jul Agoosto Seb Oct Noofambar Dec Sanadka

{{Weather box|width = auto
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|location = Qardho
|Jan record high C = 32.8
|Feb record high C = 39.0
|Mar record high C = 36.5
|Apr record high C = 36.6
|May record high C = 39.5
|Jun record high C = 38.6
|Jul record high C = 35.0
|Aug record high C = 35.0
|Sep record high C = 37.8
|Oct record high C = 36.5
|Nov record high C = 34.3
|Dec record high C = 32.8
|year record high C = 39.5
|Jan high C = 29.3
|Feb high C = 30.1
|Mar high C = 32.5
|Apr high C = 33.6
|May high C = 34.7
|Jun high C = 33.3
|Jul high C = 31.6
|Aug high C = 32.7
|Sep high C = 34.4
|Oct high C = 33.2
|Nov high C = 30.7
|Dec high C = 29.4
|year high C = 32.1
|Jan mean C = 21.4
|Feb mean C = 21.2
|Mar mean C = 23.9
|Apr mean C = 26.2
|May mean C = 27.7
|Jun mean C = 27.2
|Jul mean C = 26.2
|Aug mean C = 26.5
|Sep mean C = 27.2
|Oct mean C = 25.3
|Nov mean C = 22.2
|Dec mean C = 21.5
|year mean C = 24.7
|Jan low C = 13.4
|Feb low C = 13.5
|Mar low C = 15.3
|Apr low C = 18.5
|May low C = 20.6
|Jun low C = 21.2
|Jul low C = 20.6
|Aug low C = 20.3
|Sep low C = 20.0
|Oct low C = 17.5
|Nov low C = 13.6
|Dec low C = 13.6
|year low C = 17.3
|Jan record low C = 5.6
|Feb record low C = 6.0
|Mar record low C = 6.0
|Apr record low C = 10.0
|May record low C = 15.0
|Jun record low C = 17.4
|Jul record low C = 18.0
|Aug record low C = 17.0
|Sep record low C = 16.0
|Oct record low C = 10.0
|Nov record low C = 7.2
|Dec record low C = 6.5
|year record low C = 5.6
|Jan rain mm = 1
|Feb rain mm = 0
|Mar rain mm = 3
|Apr rain mm = 19
|May rain mm = 35
|Jun rain mm = 3
|Jul rain mm = 1
|Aug rain mm = 8
|Sep rain mm = 5
|Oct rain mm = 16
|Nov rain mm = 2
|Dec rain mm = 3
|unit rain days = 0.1 mm
|Jan rain days = 0
|Feb rain days = 0
|Mar rain days = 0
|Apr rain days = 1
|May rain days = 2
|Jun rain days = 0
|Jul rain days = 0
|Aug rain days = 1
|Sep rain days = 1
|Oct rain days = 2
|Nov rain days = 0
|Dec rain days = 0
|year rain days = 7
|Jan humidity = 59
|Feb humidity = 59
|Mar humidity = 55
|Apr humidity = 58
|May humidity = 59
|Jun humidity = 58
|Jul humidity = 63
|Aug humidity = 62
|Sep humidity = 59
|Oct humidity = 60
|Nov humidity = 63
|Dec humidity = 63
|year humidity = 60
| Jan percentsun = 82
| Feb percentsun = 84
| Mar percentsun = 81
| Apr percentsun = 75
| May percentsun = 69
| Jun percentsun = 80
| Jul percentsun = 74
| Aug percentsun = 79
| Sep percentsun = 80
| Oct percentsun = 78
| Nov percentsun = 82
| Dec percentsun = 82
| year percentsun = 79
|source 1 = 
}}

==Waxbarashada==
Qardho waxaa ku yaal dhowr xarumo waxbarasho.  Sida ay sheegtay wasaaradda waxbarashada Puntland, degmada Qardho waxaa ku yaalla 39 dugsi hoose dhexe.  Waxaa ka mid ah Al-Xanaan, Shire, Gahayr iyo Gudcad.  Dugsiyada sare ee deegaanka waxaa ka mid ah Sheekh Cismaan, Muntada, Nawawi iyo Al-Ashar. Jaamacadda Al-Azhar, oo ah maamulka ugu sarreeya Masar ee arrimaha Islaamka, ayaa sidoo kale maamusha dugsi ku yaalla Qardho.
Heerka dugsiga sare kadib, Jaamacadda Bariga Soomaaliya (ESU) waxay bixisaa waxbarasho sare. Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika (EAU) waxay sidoo kale ku leedahay magaalada mid ka mid ah toddobadeeda laamood

==Adeegyada==
November 25, 2012, dawladda Puntland ayaa magaalada Qardho ka furtay dhisme cusub oo loogu talagalay in lagu ilaaliyo ammaanka.  Xaruntan oo ay ka soo qayb galeen madaxwaynihii hore ee Puntland Cabdiraxmaan Maxamuud Faroole iyo wafti uu hogaaminayo oo isugu jira gole wasiiro, wakiilo ka socday hay’adaha dawladda iyo masuuliyiinta degmooyinka ayaa waxa ay bixinaysaa barnaamijyo isugu jira guryo xanaano iyo dhaqan celin ah.  UNDP waxa kale oo loo qorsheeyay inay gacan ka geysato tayaynta maamulka iyo shaqaalaha xabsiga.
Intaa waxaa dheer, magaalada waxaa ka shaqeeya isbitaalka guud ee Qardho.  Xarun daryeel caafimaad oo gaar loo leeyahay, waxay leedahay Shaybaadhka Adeegga Microbiology.
Bishii April 2013, Wasaaradda Kalluumeysiga iyo Kheyraadka Badda ee Puntland ayaa ku dhawaaqday in sanadkan gudihiisa magaalada Qardho laga furayo suuq cusub oo Kaluunka.  Mashruucan ayaa qayb ka ah qorshe ballaaran oo lagu horumarinayo gobolka oo sidoo kale lagu daah-furay suuq la mid ah oo lagu daah furay magaalada Gaalkacyo, taasoo ah qaabka suuqa kalluunka ee Garoowe oo horay loo furay.
Bishii June 2014, dowladda Puntland ayaa olole cusub oo dhir beeris ah ka bilowday dowlad goboleedka Puntland, iyadoo wasaaradda deegaanka, duurjoogta iyo dalxiiska ee gobolka ay sheegtay in sanadka dhamaadkiisa ay beeran doonto 25,000 oo geed.  Qardho waxa ay ka mid tahay todobada magaalo ee loo qorsheeyay in laga sameeyo dhiraynta, waxaana sidoo kale kamid ah Garoowe, Boosaaso, Dhahar, Buuhoodle, Baran iyo Gaalkacyo.  Ololuhu waxa uu qayb ka yahay iskaashi ballaadhan oo u dhexeeya maamulka Puntland iyo Midowga Yurub si loo dejiyo tillaabooyin ilaalinta deegaanka ee kala duwan ee gobolka, ujeeddaduna tahay in kor loo qaado dhiraynta iyo dhiraynta.
Bishii May 2015, dawlad goboleedka Puntland ayaa ku dhawaaqday in ay qarka u saaran tahay in ay magaalada Qardho ka hirgeliso mashaariic horumarineed oo cusub.

==Gaadiidka==
Gaadiidka cirka ee magaalada Qardho waxaa adeegsada garoonka Qardho.  Dabayaaqadii bishii Sebtembar 2013 ayuu wasiir ku xigeenka wasaaradda duulista hawada Puntland C/qani Geelle ku dhawaaqay in maamulka Puntland uu dib u habeyn ballaaran ku sameyn doono garoonka diyaaradaha, sidoo kale waxaa dib u habeyn lagu sameeyay garoonka diyaaradaha ee Garoowe ee Garoowe iyo garoonka diyaaradaha Cabdullaahi Yuusuf ee Gaalkacyo.  Hannaanka qandaraaska hindise cusub oo mid la mid ah ayaa si isku mid ah looga daah furay garoonka caalamiga ah ee Bender Qassim ee magaalada Boosaaso.
Bishii Oktoobar 2012, Hay’adda Wadooyinka Puntland (PHA) ayaa sidoo kale bilowday mashruuc dib u hagaajin iyo dayactir ah oo ay ku samaynayso wadada dheer ee xiriirisa Qardho iyo Boosaaso.

==Tixraacyo==
[https://www.fsnau.org/downloads/Somalia-Northeast-and-Central-Regions.pdf &quot;Soomaaliya: Waqooyi-Bari iyo Gobollada Dhexe&quot;] 

[https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/somalia-floods-qardho-emergency-plan-action-epoa-dref-operation-mdrso009 &quot;Soomaaliya: Daadad ka dhacay Qardho - Qorshaha Gurmadka Degdegga ah (EPoA) DREF Operation MDRSO009&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20231020070720/https://jp1lib.org/book/945124/6c72c0?dsource=recommend &quot; Qaamuuska Taariikhiga ah ee Soomaaliya Qaamuus Taariikheed Afrikaan ah Qaamuus Taariikheedka Afrika]

[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/171848/files/S_26317-EN.pdf &quot;WARBIXIN DHEERAAD AH EE XOGHAYAHA GUUD EE LAGU SOO GABIYEY IYADOO UU SOCDAY QODOBKA 18AAD EE XALKA 814 (1993)&quot;]

[http://www.haatuf.net/Archive2003/00047800.htm &quot;Badheedhaha Wargeyska: Sheekadu Ha Dhaafto Wareegto&quot;]

[https://horseedmedia.net/2021/03/14/duqii-hore-ee-qardho-cismaan-buux-oo-geeriyooday/ &quot;Duqii Hore Ee Qardho Cismaan Buux Oo Geeriyooday&quot;]

[https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2014/may/wararka_maanta25-46728.htm &quot;Qardho: xafladda caleema-saarka Boqorka oo goor dhow toos u bilaabatay&quot;]</text>
      <sha1>gt9v3cha8qu1y0lc3rpexn2vfq58yso</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Gabay</title>
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      <text bytes="20701" sha1="1okqy5l36o3gme3jwmvcg8eush0s1vt" xml:space="preserve">{{nutshell|Maqaalkan wuxuu u baahan yahay in la soo koobo, laga dhex saaro qoraalka macno darada ah; isla markaana loo habeeyo si cilmiyaysan.}}
{{Digniin|''Xasuusnow meeshaan waxaa looga hadlayaa [[Gabay]] oo kali ah, loogama hadlayo Abwaan ama [[Gabyaa]] caan ahaa''}}

'''Gabay''' ({{lang-en|Poetry}}, {{lang-ar|شعر }}) wadar (Gabayyo) waa hiddo ee Nooc maansada ka mid ah oo leh qaafiyad iyo luuq oo aan muusig loo tumin &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://qaamuus.net/jawaabta.php |access-date=2016-03-12 |archive-date=2016-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326054139/http://qaamuus.net/jawaabta.php |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;.  Gabayga ayaa ah waxa ugu sarreeya ee hadal lagu cabiro, ka yaqaana waxaa loogu yeeraa ''Gabyaa'' ama ''Gabayyahan ,''

Buugga [[Sabuur|Sabuurradii]] waxaa ku kooban 150 gabay.

== Gabay waa maxay? ==
Gabay waa hadal murtiyeed taxan oo ka kooban beydad (tuducyo) mid waliba isugu xidhan yahay laba qaar oo leh qaafiyad iyo miisaan ka dhexeeya. 

== Abtirsiinta gabayga ==
inkastoo aan la isku waafaqsanayn abtiriska gabay, maanso, suugaan, oo nimba meel u qaaday hadana waxaan la isku diidanayn in gabay yahay jaad ka mida Suugaanta.
* Gabaygu qaran ahaan waa [[Hadal]], 
** Qabiil ahaan waa [[Suugaan]], 
*** Qoys ahaan waa [[Maanso]], 
**** Qof ahaanna waa [[Gabay]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://calitiriig.tripod.com/kusoodhawaawqaybtasuugaantaeecalitiriigonline/waamaxaygabay.html |access-date=2016-03-12 |archive-date=2016-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927144739/http://calitiriig.tripod.com/kusoodhawaawqaybtasuugaantaeecalitiriigonline/waamaxaygabay.html |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tilmaan ==
Gabaygu waa murtida ugu weyn ee wax lagu cabiro, Haddii uu hadalku yahay dhawaaq la isku afgarto oo ka sarreeya dhawaaqa xayawaanku isku afgarto, gabaygu waa heerka dhawaaqaas oo kor loo sii qaaday laguna qurxiyey falsafad, khayaali iyo naaxiyad.

Gabaygu yahay boqorka Suugaanta Soomaaliyeed, isla markaana ah midka ugu adag xagga qaafiyadda, Gabaygu waxa uu uga duwanyahay maansada inteeda kale waxa uu leeyahay miisaan ku salaysan Hojis iyo hooris (Qayb hore iyo Qayb dambe), isla markaana waxa shardi ah in ugu yaraan laga helo laba xaraf oo isku mid ah oo midna hinjska ku jiro midna hooriska si loo deel qaaf tiro gabayga, laba xaraf oo isku mid ah hadii laga waayo gabaygaasi waa (deelqaaf) nuuqus  mana deel qaaf tirra, si kastoo gabaygaagu u miisaamo shaqalka iyo hadanaa haduusan deel qaaf tirrayn gabaygaasi waa jacbur.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.barnaamij.com/vb/showthread.php?t=107 |access-date=2016-03-12 |archive-date=2015-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518231546/http://www.barnaamij.com/vb/showthread.php?t=107 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Booska uu ka joogo soomaalida ==
Gabaygu waa boqorka maansada soomaalida haddii la eego jacaylka weligii loo qabey iyo sida weyn ee uu u taabbo galay. Muddo dheer wuxuu ahaa dariiqa ugu habboon ee ay dadku warbixinta isugu gudbiyaan taariikhdana ku kaydiyaan, isla markaa isku ammaanaan, isku abaal mariyaan, iskula taliyaan, ku xafiiltamaan ku dagaallamaan kuna haasaawaan. Geeraarka, jiiftada, buraanburka iyo heesaha qudhoodu xoog iyo xiiso badan waa ay lahaan jireen, laakiin midkoodna ma yeelan awoodda iyo qiimaha gabayga.

Gabaygu waa hubka laba afle ah oo nimba dhinucuu rabo u adeegsado, wuxuuna qaban karaa wax seef iyo waran qaban karin, soomaalida ayaa gabayda markii dareen jiro sida Murugada, Gumaysiga, Dhiidhada, Colaada, Farxada, Guusha, Guubaabada, jacaylka,

Gabayga ayaa ka dheerayn jiray haada iyo gaadiidka, isagoo la isu marin jiray meelo fog fog. nin aan waligiis la arag baa lagu aqoonsan jiray gabayadiisa dartood, maadaama meelo aad u fog laga maqlay.

Gabaygu ha u badnaado loollanka iyo fadqalallada cidaha ka dhex aloosan, wuxuuse ka tegey dhaxal culus oo dhinac walbaba leh, baroordiiq, kaftan, diin iyo sifaynta waayaha iyo dabeecadda intaba leh. Ma aha wax iska abuurma ama la iska tiriyo oo dabadeed iska macno beela, ee mar walba wuxuu ahaa warbixin ku saabsan waqtiga la marayo iyo xaaladda nololeed ee qof iyo bulsho lagu jiro. Haddii aynu waddadii dheerayd ee uu gabayga soomaalidu ku soo hayaamay dib u milicsanno, waxaa aynu arkaynaa in uu soo maray maraxalado badan oo ay mid waliba sawir xoog leh inaga siinayso waqtigeedii iyo xaaladdeedii. Mar haddii aanay bulshadii hore wax qori jirin maansada uu gabaygu ugu horreeyaa waa dhabbada keliya ee looga aroori karo taariikhda iyo hiddaha soomaalida&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://calitiriig.tripod.com/kusoodhawaawqaybtasuugaantaeecalitiriigonline/waamaxaygabay.html |access-date=2016-03-12 |archive-date=2016-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927144739/http://calitiriig.tripod.com/kusoodhawaawqaybtasuugaantaeecalitiriigonline/waamaxaygabay.html |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Ninkii gabay loo tiriyo wuxuu dareemi jiray sidii in la dullaystay oo kale, markaasbuu isna tirin jiray mid aan kii ka dhicin, dad weynaha ayaa mar walba ahaan jiray xaakinnada gabayada, waxaa jira silsilado gabayo ah oo la isu tiriyay oo caan ka noqday gayiga soomaalida  oo dhan, waxaa ka mid ah: [[Silsiladii Guba]], Silsiladii Halacdheere, Silsiladii Siinleey, Silsiladdii Deelleey iyo kuwo kale oo badan,

== Dhismaha gabayga ==
In kasta oo uu gabaygu qiimahaa sare ee aynu ka hadalnay weligii lahaa haddana isaga ayaa maansada soomaalida ugu adag marka ay tahay curinta. Wuxuu ka kooban yahay beydad isku miisaan iyo isku qaafiyad ah. Miisaanku waa dhererka ereyada iyo shaqallada ku jira. Qaafiyadduna waa xaraf beydka labadiisa qaar meel xaddidan joogto uga gelaya. Haddii ay ereyada beydku intii loo baahnaa ka dheeraadaan ama ka gaabtaan, iyo haddii xarafka qaafiyadda laga tago ama meel qaldan la geliyo, beydku wuu jabaa, waxaana lagu magacaabaa ”deelqaaf”. Qaafiyaddu waxay noqon kartaa kow iyo labaatanka shibbane mid uun, ama shanta shaqal oo isku qaafiyad ah. Miisaanka beydku wuxuu ku sar go’an yahay hab-dhaca caanka ah ee ah:

''Hoyaalayeey hooyaalayey, hoyaalayeey hooye''

Si kasta oo sharciyadaas cilmi ahaan loo barto qof waliba gabay ma tirin karo haddii aanay xeerarkaasi si dabiici ah maskaxda ula falgelin. Sababta ay dadka qaar iyaga oo carruur ah sirta gabay curinta u helaan qaar kalena iyaga oo duqay ah beyd keliya u dhisi kari waayaan waa arrin kollay aniga yaab ila ah. Taa darteed shaki badan baan ka qabaa qof aan af soomaaliga u dhalani, si kasta oo uu xeerarka maansada u barto, in uu gabay curin karo.

Qofka gabay tirinaya waxaa wanaagsan in uu dareenkiisa ka soo go’o, isla markaa uu hibo u leh yahay ee aanu iska doondoonin. Waayo haddii uu qofku naftiisa ku jujuubo gabay aanu awood ama hibo u lahayn, aad ayuu uga qiimo hoosaynayaa ka uu isaga gabaygu khasbay ee ku abuuray xanuun iyo welwel uu ka seexan waayey. Maansoyahanka runta ah waxaa lagu tilmaansan karaa murtidan Hadraawi ee ah:

''Laabtu waa i hugmaysaa'' 

''Afku waa i hud’hudayaa''

''Hadal buu i leh yahay''

''Anna waan hor joogaa''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://calitiriig.tripod.com/kusoodhawaawqaybtasuugaantaeecalitiriigonline/waamaxaygabay.html |access-date=2016-03-12 |archive-date=2016-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927144739/http://calitiriig.tripod.com/kusoodhawaawqaybtasuugaantaeecalitiriigonline/waamaxaygabay.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Deelqaaf ==
Guud ahaan marka maansada laga hadlayo waxaa aynu had iyo jeer maqalnaa wax loo yaqaan “deelqaaf&quot;. Haddaba taasi waa maxay? Intii aan far soomaalida la qorin xuruufta carabiga ee Qur’aanka lagu baran jirey ayaa la yaqaanney laguna dhaqmi jirey. Sidaa darteed ereyga deelqaaf wuxuu sida muuqata ka yimid labada xaraf ee carabiga ah ee d (deel) iyo q (qaaf). Ujeeddaduna malaha waa: maansada jaban ee aan qaafiyad iyo miisaan ku soconi waxay la mid tahay iyada oo isla maanso keliya loo wada qaatay labada xaraf ee d iyo q. Waayo qaafiyaddu waa in ay ahaataa xaraf keliya. Haddaba waxaa laga yaabaa markii u horraysey ee uu ereyga deelqaaf baxay in ay ahayd mar uu qof soo bandhigay tix ku wada socota labada xaraf ee d iyo q, dabadeed lagu dhaliilay: tixdaadu waa deel-qaaf. Ka dibna ay sidaa ku hirgashay.

Waxaynu kale oo og nahay in xarafka d ee carabiga ah aan gadaal xaraf kale lagaga dari karin. Sidaa darteed waxaa laga yaabaa in loo jeedo: maanso aan ereyadeeda iyo qaafiyaddeedu isu dheelli tirnayni waxay la mid tahay d (deel) oo gadaal lagaga daray q (qaaf), taas oo aan bannaanayn.

Si kastaba deelqaafku ha ku baxo, laakiin waxaynu u qaybin karnaa afar nooc:

'''a) Deelqaaf qaafiyadeed.'''

Tixdu waa in ay bilaw ilaa dhammaad ku socotaa xaraf keliya, kaas oo labada qaar ee beydka midba meel xaddidan ka gelaya. Kaas ayaa ah qaafiyadda tixda. Haddiise beydka ama beydadka marba xaraf loo boodo waa deelqaaf aad u foolxun. Bal tusaalahan u fiirso halka uu xarafka qaafiyaddu ku jiro ee beydka isugu dheelli tirayo, iyo sida uu hakadku labada qaar ee beydka u kala qaybinayo. Raage Ugaas:
* ''Sida koorta yucub oo la sudhay, korammo buubaal ah''
* ''Ama geel karreeboo nirgaha, laga kaxaynaayo''
* ''Ama beelo kaynaan ah oo, kor u hayaamaaya''
* ''Xalay kololo’aygii ma ledin, kaammil reeruhuye''
Bal hoos u eeg marka qaafiyadda meesheeda laga dhaqaajiyo waxa dhaca:
* ''Sida koorta yucub oo korammo buubaal ah la sudhay''
* ''Ama geel karreeb ah oo laga kaxaynaayo nirgaha''
* ''Ama beelo kaynaan ah oo u hayaamaaya kor''
* ''Xalay ma ledin kolola’aygii kaammil reeruhuye''

Haddaba xarafka qaafiyadda ma aha uun in laba meelood beyd walba lagaga soo celceliyo, ee waa in uu dhab ahaan qaafiyad u taagan yahay. Waxaa dhici karta xaraf qaafiyadeedka in beyd walba shan jeer la geliyo laakiin marnaba aanu qaafiyad ahayn. Waxaa xusid mudan shanta xaraf ee shaqalku in ay u wada taagan yihiin xaraf qaafiyadeed keliya. U fiirso beydadkan Jaamac Kediye Cilmi:

abbaarta iyo taariikhdu waa lama illaawaane

eridhabanki kala goosmay baan ururinayaaye

aarankii dibjiray baan intaa ‘ooho’ leh yahaye

'''b) Deelqaaf miisaan.'''

Sidii aynu aragnay beydka tixdu wuxuu ka samaysan yahay ereyo isu dheelli tiran oo isku mar go’aya, oo bixiinaya dhadhan muusig ah, kaas oo ah waxa koowaad ee ka dhigaya tix. Bal arag kala duwanaanta tix iyo tiraab isku macne ah. Cilmi-Boodhari:

==== Tix ====
* ''Sidii aad go’aygii tihiyo macawistaan goostay''
* ''Ama aad godkii aakhiriyo geeri iga baajin''
* ''Ama aan geyiga lagu ogayn gabadh kaloo joogta''
* ''Gardarniyaa maxaan Hodan Cabdaay kaaga go’i waayey''

==== Tiraab ====
* ''Sidii aad go’aygii tahay iyo macawistii aan goostay'' 
* ''Ama aad godkii aakhiro iyo geerida iga baajin''
* ''Ama aan geyiga lagu ogayn gabadh kale oo joogta''
* ''Gardaraniyaa maxaan Hodan Cabdullaay kaaga go’i waayey''
Waa aynu aragnaa tuducu isaga oo aan macnihii iyo xarafkii qaafiyadda midna waayin haddana in uu dheelliyey sidaana ku burburay.

'''t) Deelqaaf anshax.'''

Waxaa habboon maansoyahanku in uu ilaaliyo anshaxa suubban iyo edebta guud. Haddiise uu dhex dabbaasho aflagaaddo iyo meelkadhac, si kasta oo ay maansadu fan ahaan u dhisan tahay waa deelqaaf. Waxaa jirey rag tiriyey tixo fan ahaan sarreeya laakiin asluub ahaan aad u hooseeya sidaana ku milge iyo maamuus waayey. U malayn maayo taariikhda in uu soo maray gabyaa Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan deelqaafka noocaas ah kala mid ahi, waayo ma jirin erey xun oo uu carrabkiisu ka dhawrsan jirey. Laakiin dhaliishaa isaga waxaa u asturay maansadiisa badan ee wanaagsan.

Anshax ilaalinta macnaheedu ma aha in aan lagu dhiirran in wax cusub laga gabyo ama si cusub loo gabyo. Mana aha in hab-fekerka iyo hab-dhaqanka guud ee bulshada addoon loo noqdo, kaas oo laga yaabo in uu dambeeyo ama qaldan yahay.

'''j) Deelqaaf garmaqaatenimo.'''

Iyada oo aan daliil iyo marag la hayn ama la heli karin haddii xaqiiqada laga been sheego, amaba doodda maansada ogaan muran loo geliyo, waa nooc deelqaafka ka mid ah. Dadkii hore aad ayey isaga ilaalin jireen in ay tixda ku darsadaan qodob ama erey lagaga gar heli karo. Afartanaadkii qarnigii tegey Maxamed-Yawle isaga oo taa ka duulaya wuxuu Maxamed Cumar-Dage ugu baanay:

''Dalka la isku haystaaba waa degelladiinniiye''

''Xaggeed durugsateen gabaygu waa idinku deelqaafe?''

Labadan nin doodda qabyaaladeed uga gar niqi mayno ee waxaa inooga dan ah deelqaafka halkan ku carrabbaaban.

Labada deelqaaf ee dambe labada hore waxay kaga duwan yihiin iyagu maanso ahaan ma qaldana ee mid anshax ahaan ayuu qarriban yahay, midna dood ahaan ayuu gurracan yahay. Xataa hadalka caadiga ah qofka labadaa arrimood ku kaca waxaa lagu tilmaamaa qof deelqaaf ku hadlay.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://calitiriig.tripod.com/kusoodhawaawqaybtasuugaantaeecalitiriigonline/waamaxaygabay.html |access-date=2016-03-12 |archive-date=2016-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927144739/http://calitiriig.tripod.com/kusoodhawaawqaybtasuugaantaeecalitiriigonline/waamaxaygabay.html |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Luuqda ==
Maanso waliba waxay leh dahay luuq u gaar ah oo lagu garto. Hees cayaareedda kala duwan mid waliba waxay leh dahay luuq iyo naaxiyad u gooni ah, oo ay inta badan weheliyaan jiib, jaan, sacab iyo mararka qaarkood durbaan ama muusig kale. Sidoo kale hees hawleeddu sida ay u kala duwan tahay ayey u kala luuq duwan tahay. Gabayguna waa la mid oo wuxuu leh yahay luuq u gaar ah oo marka dhawaaqa u horreeya la maqlo la garanayo waxa soo socdaa in uu yahay gabay. Waase ay dhacdaa, siiba waqtigan casriga ah, in gabayga luuq la’aan la mariyo.

Haddaba gabaygu isaga oo leh luuq ku dhisan miisaanka caanka ah ee (hoyaalayeey hooyaalayeey hoyaalayey hooye), haddana gabyaa waliba wuu samaysan karaa luuq isaga u gooni ah, isaga oo aan isla markaa jebin miisaanka kor ku xusan. Kicinta codka iyo dejintiisa, jiidista ereyada ama goyntooda, iyo inta beyd ee lagu hoorinayo, gabyaa waliba khayaaligiisa ayuu ka samaystaa. Bal tusaale ahaan isu eeg Timocadde iyo Dhoodaan. Waxaad arkaysaa in ay leh yihiin laba luuqood oo aad caan u ah aadna u kala duwan, taas oo aan codka oo keliya ahayn. Gabyaaga aan lahayn luuq isaga u gooni ahi wuxuu raacaa laba dariiqo mid uun: In uu adeegsado luuq guud oo aan cid ay u gaar tahay la aqoon, ama in uu qaato luuq gabyaa kale.

Haddaba maansada kale ee aan gabayga ahayn waa aynu fahmi karnaa sababta loogu luuqaynayo, ama jiibta, jaanta, sacabka iyo qalabka la tumo loola miciinsado. Waayo munaasabad hawleed iyo mid cayaareed labadaba ereyada maansada waxaa la muhimmad ah amaba ka sii muhiimsan xamaasadda iyo xiisaha la rabo in jawiga lagu abuuro. Arrimahaana waxaa lagama maarmaan u ah naaxiyad iyo jiib macaan oo dareenka kicin kara. Dareenka sidaa loo kiciyey ayaa hawsha la hayo culayskeeda lagu illaawaa, farxadda lagu jiro loogu furfurmaa, madaddaaladana loogu riyaaqaa. Hooyadu marka ay ilmaha hees cod macaan ugu luuqayso wuu ku raaxaystaa dabadeed oohinta joojiyaa. Marka uu barbaar cod furani si yaab leh cayaar ugu dhufto gabdhaha la jooga kama tagaan kuwa maqanina kama raagaan. Xoolaha marka hees shubaal ah loo saaro darka ayey ku soo qamaamaan biyahana habsami u cabbaan. Xataa neef biyodiid ah haddii cod macaan loogu heeso waxay u badan tahay in uu cabbo.

Laakiin gabayga hawl laguma fududaysto, dheel la tumayana hab-dhaceeda laguma ilaashado, ee waxaa laga mariyaa gole aamusan oo isdhegeysi iyo degganaan leh. Haddaba waa maxay ujeeddada loogu luuqeeyaa? Miyiga, oo ah dhulkii gabayga laga tirin jirey, habeen iyo maalin dadku wuu kala durdurugsanaa oo waxaa la ahaa debedjoog. Haddiiba aan la soconayn ee la shirayo ama si kale loo bulshaynayo badanaa aqal gudihii laguma kulmi jirin ee waxaa la isugu iman jirey gole bannaan, waxaana isu iman jirey dad badan. Xataa golayaasha ardaaga caweysku ka midka yahay dadku isku gogol ma ay ahayn ee qofba meesha uu jeclaysto ayuu dooyaysan jirey ama jeegada dhigan jirey. Xaaladahaas oo dhan ismaqalku wuu liitey oo dabayl, dhir, habeen iyo hugunka xoolaha ayaa dadka ku kala dhex jirey. Sidaa darteed waxaa daruuri noqotay in la helo wax carqaladahaa lagaga gudbo, taasina sida muuqata waxaa ay noqotay in gabayga kor loogu luuqeeyo.

Haddaba weydiinta ah “maxaa gabayga loogu luuqeeyaa?” jawaabteedu waxaa ay ku urursan tahay qodobbadan soo docda:

'''a) In maqalka dhegeystaha lagu soo jiito lana abuuro jawi gabay.'''

'''b) In codka kor loogu qaado si loo wada maqlo.'''

'''t) In ereyada lagu jiidjiido si loo fahmo.'''

Maanta qiimo weyn lama siiyo ku luuqaynta gabayga, sababta oo ah xaaladda nolosha ayaa tii hore ka duwan. Qol afar derbi leh lagama dhex qaylin karo oo jabaqda codka ayaa soo noqnoqonaysa. Isla markaa lama hayo waqti lagu dhegaysto qof gelin dhan tix jiidjiidaya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://farshaxan.com/Gabayaa/hadraawi.html |access-date=2016-03-13 |archive-date=2016-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160319003425/http://farshaxan.com/Gabayaa/hadraawi.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.barnaamij.com/vb/showthread.php?t=107 |access-date=2016-03-12 |archive-date=2015-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518231546/http://www.barnaamij.com/vb/showthread.php?t=107 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://farshaxan.com/Gabayaa/hadraawi.html |access-date=2016-03-13 |archive-date=2016-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160319003425/http://farshaxan.com/Gabayaa/hadraawi.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://dhaqanbile.com/?p=3449 |access-date=2016-03-13 |archive-date=2016-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322125351/http://dhaqanbile.com/?p=3449 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.maanhadal.com/maanhada/miisaanka_maansada_barwaaqo.html |access-date=2016-03-13 |archive-date=2016-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314112612/http://www.maanhadal.com/maanhada/miisaanka_maansada_barwaaqo.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://iidoole.blogspot.co.ke/2015/11/waa-maxay-gabay.html{{Dead link|date=Bisha Tobnaad 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gabayahannada Caanka ah&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.golkhatumo.com/abwaan.htm |access-date=2016-03-12 |archive-date=2017-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525145855/http://www.golkhatumo.com/abwaan.htm |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; ==
# Sayid M.C.Xasan 
# Cali Jaamac Haabiil
# Raage Ugaas 
#Aadan Tarabi Jamac
# M.C.Sangub 
# Cabdilahi Suldan Timacadde
# Ismaaciil. X. Xisri 
# Xasan Tarabbi
# Cabdullahi M. Dhoodaan 
# Xaaji. A. Afqaloc 
# M.I.I. &quot;Hadrawi&quot; 
# Max'd Xaashi &quot;Gaarriye&quot;
# Cali-Dhuux Adan 
# Ismaacil mire 
# Abshir Bacadle
# Dhunkaal F. Barre
# Cali cilmi AfYare 
# Cabdulaqadir xirsi Yam-Yam
# Cabdi galayax 
# Farax Afcad 
# Gulled Jucufo 
# Idaa jaaa
# Cilmi Barrow Waceer
# Faarax gololey
# Barre Maxamed Fiidow

== Xigasho ==
* [https://www.jw.org/so/wargeysyada/maxaa-cusub/farriinta-kitaabka/sabuurradii-gabaygii-sulaymaan-qalbi-qaboojis-baro/ Gabayo Quduus ah oo Qalbi Qaboojis iyo Waxbarid Keena]
* [http://www.aftahan.com/ www.aftahan.com/] {{Wayback|url=http://www.aftahan.com/ |date=20160818085127 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160927144739/http://calitiriig.tripod.com/kusoodhawaawqaybtasuugaantaeecalitiriigonline/waamaxaygabay.html Ibraahin Yuusuf Axmed HAwd]
* [http://www.barnaamij.com/vb/showthread.php?t=107 Gabay waa maxay] {{Wayback|url=http://www.barnaamij.com/vb/showthread.php?t=107 |date=20150518231546 }}
* [[:ar:شعر_(أدب)|Gabay]] 
* http://www.longlivesomaliland.com/waa_maxay_maansada_soomaaliyeed.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.longlivesomaliland.com/waa_maxay_maansada_soomaaliyeed.htm |date=20210613112000 }}
* [http://afsoomaali.tripod.com/id14.html Hadal iyo gabay]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* Gabay mise [http://www.longlivesomaliland.com/waa_maxay_maansada_soomaaliyeed.htm geeraar] {{Wayback|url=http://www.longlivesomaliland.com/waa_maxay_maansada_soomaaliyeed.htm |date=20210613112000 }}
* waa maxay [http://xaajo.com/i/maqaaldetails.php?subaction=showfull&amp;id=1274555245&amp;archive=&amp;start_from=&amp;ucat=3&amp; gabay] {{Wayback|url=http://xaajo.com/i/maqaaldetails.php?subaction=showfull&amp;id=1274555245&amp;archive=&amp;start_from=&amp;ucat=3&amp; |date=20110908193741 }}
* [http://doollo.com/mainpage/maogtahay/maogtahay.htm doollo.com/]
* [http://www.redsea-online.com/index.php www.redsea-online.com/index.php]
* [http://www.hoygasuugaanta.com/Maqal.htm www.hoygasuugaanta.com/Maqal.htm]

== Tixraac ==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Gabayada]]
[[Category:Suugaanta]]</text>
      <sha1>1okqy5l36o3gme3jwmvcg8eush0s1vt</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Boosaaso</title>
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      <text bytes="25483" sha1="8iql7r8uttj8gczdyzdisav4uvpiwci" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Bosaso
| other_name         = بوصاصو
| native_name        = &lt;small&gt;''Boosaaso''&lt;/small&gt;
| nickname           = 
| settlement_type    = Magaalo
| motto              = 
| image_skyline      = Bosacity.jpg
| imagesize          = 250px
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_map          = 
| mapsize            = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = Somalia
| pushpin_map_caption = Goobta Soomaaliya dhexdeeda
| pushpin_relief     = 1
| coordinates        = {{coord|11|17|19|N|49|10|55|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Somalia}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Maamulgoboleedka Soomaaliya|Maamulka Goboleedka]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{flag|Puntland}}
| subdivision_type2  = Gobolka
| subdivision_name2  = [[Bari (Gobol)|Bari]]
| subdivision_type3  =Degmo 
| subdivision_name3  =[[Degmada Boosaaso|Bosaaso]] 
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = Degmo madax
| leader_title       = Gudoomiye
| leader_name        = Cabdiraxmaan Cabdillaahi jinac
| established_title  = la aasaasay
| established_date   = Qarnigii 18-aad
| area_magnitude     = 
| unit_pref          = Metric
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 15
| elevation_ft       = 
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_total_km2     = 30
| area_land_km2      = 
| population_as_of   = 2025
| population_footnotes = {{Cn|date=April 2025}}
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 50,000
| population_density_km2 = 
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = 
| blank_name         = [[Kala soocidda cimilada Köppen|Cimilada]]
| blank_info         = [[Cimilada lamadegaanka|Cimilada kulaylaha lamadegaanka]]
| website            = {{URL|bosasomunicipality.com}}
| name               = 
}}
'''Bosaso''' ( [[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]: Boosaaso , [[Carabi]]: بوصاصو ) , taariikh ahaan loo yaqaan '''Bender Qassim''' waa magaalo ku taal waqooyi bari gobolka Bari ee [[Soomaaliya]]. Waa xarunta degmada Boosaaso . Degmada oo ku taal xeebta koonfureed ee gacanka cadmeed waa magaalo ganacsiyeedka gobolka waana deked weyn oo ku dhex taal maamul goboleedka [[Puntland]].              

Magaalada Boosaaso waxaa ku nool dad lagu qiyaasay 1.7 milyan oo qof sanadkii 2023. Magaaladu waxay leedahay dhaqaala kala duwan oo ku salaysan waxbarashada, dawladda, bangiyada, dalxiiska, duulista, cuntada, dharka, saadka, birta, tamarta, daryeelka caafimaadka, soo dhawaynta, tafaariiqda iyo farsamada. Kulliyadaha iyo jaamacadaha badan ee aagga ayaa ka dhigaya xudunta waxbarashada sare ee gobolka, oo ay ku jiraan sharciga, caafimaadka, injineernimada, ganacsiga iyo hal-abuurka ganacsiga.
==Taariikhda==
tilmaamaysa in ganacsato Giriigii hore ah ay u shiraacdeen Boosaaso, kuwaas oo qoraalo ka bixiyay istaraatiijiyada iyo deegaanka ay ku taallo, magaalada Boosaaso ee hadda jirta oo loo yaqaannay Bandar Qasim Ay Ku Dhowayd Raasiga Mosylon oo hadda loo Yaqaan &quot; Raasi Hantaaara&quot;  oo Bad Mareenadii Hore Ku Sheegeen in Laga Dhoofin Jiray Xawaashka , Qaasim ee Beesha Gabtaanle waxaa loo tixgeliyey inay yihiin degeyaashii ugu horreeyay oo Kasoo Jeeda Beesha Gabtaanle Moorcase Axmed Harti
[[File:BosasoCity.jpg|thumb|Dulmarka Boosaaso]]
Qarniyo badan ayay magaaladu ka mid ahayd degaannada ay Leeyiihiin ayna Maamuli jireen qabiilka Dishiishe. Magaaladu waxay ugu dambayntii Noqotay Xarun Laga Maamuli  gobolka Bari ee xornimada ka dib.
Dadka ku nool Boosaaso waxaa lagu qiyaasaa 700,000 oo qof. Waa magaalada saddexaad ee ugu weyn Soomaaliya marka laga reebo Muqdisho iyo Hargeysa . Iyadoo Boosaaso ay tahay Magaalo ay ku nool yihiin dad ka soo jeeda dhammaan beelaha waaweyn ee Soomaaliyeed , haddana inta badan dadkeedu waxay ka soo jeedaan Harti ee beelaha Daarood . 
Magaalada Boosaaso waxaa hore loogu yiqiin Bandar Qaasim, magacaas oo ka soo jeeda ganacsade maxalli ah oo ay isku magac yihiin, kaasoo la sheegay inuu markii ugu horreysay soo degay deegaanka qarnigii 14-aad. Waxa la rumaysan yahay in geela uu Qaasim jecel yahay la odhan jiray Boosaas, kaas oo ka soo jeeday magaca hadda magaalada. Magaalada sidaas ayaa markii ugu horeysay loogu yeeri jiray Bandar Qaasim ka dib markii la aasaasay (&quot;magaalada Qaasim&quot;), ka dibna waxaa loogu magac daray Bosaaso ka dib markii aasaasihii aasaasay geela lagu kalsoon yahay.  waxayna u soo baxday sidii magaalo xeebeed. 
Boosaaso agteeda, oo ku taal dhamaadka Togga Baalade , waxaa yaal carro dhererkeedu yahay 2-3-km (1.2-ilaa-1.9-mile) .  Dhaqanka deegaanka ayaa ka warramaya in gogosha weyni ay calaamad u tahay qabriga jaaliyad beeleed. Waa qaab dhismeedka ugu weyn ee ka jira guud ahaan gobolka Geeska.
==Juqraafiga==
===Goobta iyo deegaanka===
Boosaaso waxay dhacdaa waqooyi bari Soomaaliya, dhanka xeebta gacanka Cadmeed . Degsiimada u dhow waxaa ka mid ah dhanka bari Rehiss (3.5 km ama 2.5 mayl), waqooyi bari Mareero (14 km ama 8.5 mayl), dhanka galbeed Baalade (3.5 km ama 2 mayl), koonfur galbeed Laasgeel (16.5 km ama 10 mayl), koonfur Lasgoriga (20.5 km ama 13 mayl), iyo ilaa 13 mayl. miles).  Magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn dalka ee ugu dhow Boosaaso waa Ceerigaabo (212 km ama 132 miles), Burco (442 km ama 275 miles) iyo Berbera (465 km ama 289 miles). Shimbiris , oo ah meesha ugu sarreysa ee Soomaaliya, waxay ku taallaa qiyaastii 220 km (140 mayl) koonfur-galbeed ee buurta Cal Madow . 
Bishii June 2014, dowladda Puntland ayaa olole cusub oo dhir beeris ah ka bilowday dowlad goboleedka Puntland, iyadoo wasaaradda deegaanka, duurjoogta iyo dalxiiska ee gobolka ay sheegtay in sanadka dhamaadkiisa ay beeran doonto 25,000 oo geed. Magaalada Boosaaso ayaa kamid ah todobada magaalo ee loo qorsheeyay in laga sameeyo dhiraynta, waxaana magaalooyinkaas kamid ah Garoowe , Qardho , Dhahar , Buuhoodle , Baran iyo Gaalkacyo . Ololahan ayaa qayb ka ah iskaashiga ballaaran ee u dhaxeeya maamulka Puntland iyo Midowga Yurub si loo dejiyo tallaabooyin dhowr ah oo lagu ilaalinayo deegaanka oo laga sameeyay gobolka, ujeeddaduna tahay horumarinta dhiraynta iyo dhiraynta.
[[File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bedding_van_de_rivier_Balada_in_de_omgeving_van_Bender_Gasem_TMnr_60027146.jpg|thumb|Ururinta Tropenmuseum: Sariirta wabiga Balada ee ku dhow Bender Gasem, oo lagu sawiray Georges Revoil, qiyaastii 1881 (Ingiriisi: Baalade Valley near Bendergazim).]]
===Cimilada===
Boosaaso waxay leedahay cimilo saxare ah oo kulul ( Köppen weather classification BWh ). Waxay leedahay huurka qaraabada sanadlaha celcelis ahaan qiyaastii 60%. Celceliska celceliska heerkulka maalinlaha ah ee sanadka oo dhan waa 30 °C (86 °F), oo leh celcelis sanadle ah oo sarreeya 35 °C (95 °F) iyo celceliska hoose ee 25 °C (77 °F). Celceliska heerkulka hooseeya ayaa ah mid qabow inta lagu jiro bilaha jiilaalka ee Diisambar ilaa Febraayo, marka heerkulbeeggu akhriyo caadi ahaan uu gaaro 20 °C (68 °F). Cimiladu si tartiib tartiib ah ayey u kululaataa guga, maadaama xilli roobaadka Abriil uu bilaabmayo. Celceliska heerkulka sare ee dambe ayaa ugu sarreeya bilaha xagaaga ee Juun ilaa Agoosto, marka ay si joogto ah uga sarreeyaan 40 ° C (104 ° F). Kaalay Sebtembar, cimiladu qabow waxay bilaabataa inay mar kale dejiso. Roobabka ayaa gaaray heer sare muddadan, iyadoo celcelis ahaan roobabku gaarayaan 7 mm (0.28 inji) bishii Nofembar. Wadarta roobabka da'ay sanadka oo dhan waa ku dhawaad ​​19 mm (0.75 inji). 
{{Weather box|location = Bosaso
|metric first = Haa
|single line = Haa
|Jan record high C = 38.5
|Feb record high C = 37.0
|Mar record high C = 38.5
|Apr record high C = 42.1
|May record high C = 45.0
|Jun record high C = 45.0
|Jul record high C = 45.2
|Aug record high C = 45.3
|Sep record high C = 44.7
|Oct record high C = 45.0
|Nov record high C = 36.0
|Dec record high C = 36.0
|year record high C = 45.3
|Jan high C = 29.0
|Feb high C = 30.0
|Mar high C = 31.0
|Apr high C = 34.0
|May high C = 37.0
|Jun high C = 41.0
|Jul high C = 41.0
|Aug high C = 40.0
|Sep high C = 39.0
|Oct high C = 33.0
|Nov high C = 30.0
|Dec high C = 29.0
|year high C = 35.0
|Jan mean C = 25.0
|Feb mean C = 25.0
|Mar mean C = 26.7
|Apr mean C = 28.8
|May mean C = 31.1
|Jun mean C = 35.6
|Jul mean C = 36.1
|Aug mean C = 35.6
|Sep mean C = 33.3
|Oct mean C = 27.8
|Nov mean C = 25.6
|Dec mean C = 25.6
|year mean C = 30.0
|Jan low C = 20.6
|Feb low C = 20.6
|Mar low C = 21.6
|Apr low C = 24.4
|May low C = 26.1
|Jun low C = 30.6
|Jul low C = 31.7
|Aug low C = 30.0
|Sep low C = 28.3
|Oct low C = 22.2
|Nov low C = 21.1
|Dec low C = 20.0
|year low C = 25.0
|Jan record low C = 12.5
|Feb record low C = 14.0
|Mar record low C = 15.0
|Apr record low C = 16.8
|May record low C = 19.0
|Jun record low C = 21.3
|Jul record low C = 23.0
|Aug record low C = 24.5
|Sep record low C = 21.3
|Oct record low C = 14.0
|Nov record low C = 11.5
|Dec record low C = 11.5
|year record low C = 11.5
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 0
|Feb rain mm = 0
|Mar rain mm = 1
|Apr rain mm = 3
|May rain mm = 3
|Jun rain mm = 0
|Jul rain mm = 0
|Aug rain mm = 0
|Sep rain mm = 0
|Oct rain mm = 2
|Nov rain mm = 7
|Dec rain mm = 3
|year rain mm = 19
|Jan humidity = 66
|Feb humidity = 68
|Mar humidity = 64
|Apr humidity = 64
|May humidity = 62
|Jun humidity = 48
|Jul humidity = 40
|Aug humidity = 48
|Sep humidity = 56
|Oct humidity = 70
|Nov humidity = 74
|Dec humidity = 71
|year humidity = 61
| Jan percentsun = 80
| Feb percentsun = 80
| Mar percentsun = 87
| Apr percentsun = 80
| May percentsun = 80
| Jun percentsun = 80
| Jul percentsun = 80
| Aug percentsun = 80
| Sep percentsun = 80
| Oct percentsun = 80
| Nov percentsun = 80
| Dec percentsun = 80
| year percentsun = 81
}}
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
[[File:Bosaso2009.JPG|thumb|Xaafad ku taal Boosaaso]]
Tirada guud ee dadka Bosaaso waxa lagu qiyaasaa ilaa 164,906 qof (2005 st.). 
Intaa waxaa dheer, Boosaaso waa deked weyn oo ay maraan doonyaha tahriibayaasha ah ee ka imaanaya gudaha dalka iyo sidoo kale dhulalka ku dhow ee gacanka Cadmeed si ay u degaan (mararka qaar si sharci darro ah) ee dalalka Gacanka Faaris . 
Magaalada Boosaaso oo maanta ay tahay mid dhalaalaysa, dadka deganna ay ka soo kala jeedaan qaybo badan oo ka mid ah Gobolada dalka Somaliya, ayaa haddana inta badan dadka ku dhaqan Magaaladaasi waxay ka soo jeedaan Dishiishe , Majeerteen , Warsangeli iyo qaybaha kale ee Harti ee Daarood . Magaaladu waxay kaloo hoy u tahay barakacayaal dhawaan yimid
==Degmada==
[[File:Bosasohorizon.jpg|thumb|Aragtida Boosaaso]]
Howlaha magaalada Boosaaso waxaa maamula dowladda hoose ee Boosaaso, hoggaankeeda waxaa magacaabaya xubnaha 29-ka degmo ee deegaanka. Maamulka dowladda hoose ayaa hadda waxaa hogaaminaya Duqa magaalada Cabdisalaan Bashiir Cabdisalaan  oo xilka kala wareegay Yaasiin Mire Maxamuud  oo isaga qudhiisa uu xilka kala wareegay Xasan Cabdallah Xasan . 
Mid kasta oo ka mid ah degmooyinka kala duwan ee magaaladu waxa kale oo ay leedahay maamul-hoosaadyo hoose oo u gaar ah, oo ay u dhamaystiran yihiin maayar iyo shaqaale dawladeed.
==Dhaqaalaha==
Boosaaso waa magaalo si xawli ah u koraysa. Kahor dagaalkii sokeeye ee Soomaaliya, waxay lahayd dad ka yar 50,000 oo qof. Tan iyo markii uu dagaalku dhacay, dadka Soomaaliyeed ee ka soo jeeda beelaha Harti Daarood waxay bilaabeen inay dib ugu guuraan degaannada ay ka soo jeedaan ee Puntland . Natiijadii socdaalkaas awgeed, dadweynaha Boosaaso iyo warshadaha guryaynta deegaanka aad ayay u kordheen.
[[File:Amalbanpun.jpg|thumb|Bangiga Amal ee Bosaaso]]
Bishii Disembar 2011, suuq ganacsi oo cusub ayaa laga furay xaafadda Dayaxa ee waqooyiga Boosaaso (&quot;Xiddiga&quot;), una dhow dekedda. Qiyaastii hal kiilomitir nus (550 yd) cabirkeeda, waxaa loo qorsheeyay si loo hubiyo helitaanka gaadhiga. Suuqan ayaa ka dhashay qorshe taxaddar leh oo u dhexeeya madaxda dawladda Puntland iyo wakiilada bulshada rayidka ah. Bishii Sebtembar 2013, Wasiirka Kalluumeysiga Puntland Maxamed Faarax Aadan ayaa sidoo kale ku dhawaaqay in Wasaaradda oo kaashanaysa FAO ay magaalada ka furi doonto suuq cusub oo kalluunka, kaas oo u dhameystiran qaboojiyayaal casri ah. 
Boosaaso waa xarunta shirkadda Golis Telecom Soomaaliya oo ah shirkadda ugu weyn ee isgaarsiinta waqooyi bari Soomaaliya. Waxaa la aas aasay sanadkii 2002 iyadoo ujeedadeedu tahay sidii dalka loo gaarsiin lahaa adeegyada mobilada ee GSM, khadka tooska ah iyo adeega internet-ka , waxa ay leedahay shabakad balaaran oo isku xirta dhamaan magaalooyinka waaweyn ee dalka iyo in ka badan 40 degmo oo ka kala tirsan Puntland iyo Somaliland . Sida laga soo xigtay The Economist , Golis waxay bixisaa mid ka mid ah qiimaha wicitaanka caalamiga ah ee ugu jaban ee meeraha, US$0.2 wax ka yar meel kasta oo adduunka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, Netco waxay xarunteedu ku leedahay magaalada. Shirkadaha kale ee isgaarsiinta ee u adeega gobolka waxaa ka mid ah Telcom iyo NationLink .
Bishii Sebtembar 2013, wasiir ku xigeenka deegaanka Puntland Burhaan Cilmi Xirsi ayaa sidoo kale ku dhawaaqay qorshe dowladda Puntland ay ku dooneyso in magaalada Boosaaso looga hirgeliyo warshad soo saarta Gaaska . Mashruucan cusub ayaa qeyb ka ah olole ballaaran oo maamulka deegaanka Puntland ay ku doonayaan inay kaga hortagaan xaalufka dhirta iyo sidii ay u horumarin lahaayeen ilo kale oo shidaal. 
[[File:Bosascem2.jpg|thumb|Mashiinada Sibidhka lagu sameeyo ee duleedka Boosaaso]]
Shirkada Kalluumeysiga Xaafuun ayaa la aas aasay sanadkii 1992-dii waxaana lagu aasaasay magaalada Boosaaso. Waxaa loogu magac daray magaalada dekedda ah ee Xaafuun , halkaas oo HFC ay sidoo kale ku leedahay xafiis. Shirkaddu waxay dhoofisaa noocyo kala duwan oo kalluun ah, kuwaas oo ay inta badan u dirto la-hawlgalayaasha Bariga Dhexe. Shirkaddu waxay sahaminaysaa suuqyo dheeraad ah oo caalami ah oo ay ku iibsanayso alaabteeda kalluunka. Waxa kale oo ay ilaalisaa danaha ganacsi ee suuqa guryaha ee Puntland, kuwaas oo ay ka muuqato shirkaddu qaybteeda iibka iyo horumarinta guryaha ee sii kordhaysa. 
Intaa waxaa dheer, warshadda hargaha iyo saamaha ee Boosaaso waxay xarunteedu tahay magaalada. Shirkad toban jir ah oo wax soo saarta, qaybisa, iibisa, soo dejisa/dhoofinta, waxay farsamaysaa milix-qoyan, milix qallalan, buluug qoyan, limuun leh, la shiiday, iyo hawo/jir qallalan hargaha iyo ariga ee la qalajiyey. Mabda'a dhoofinta buluuga qoyan waa Turkiga, Pakistan, Hindiya iyo Shiinaha. Hargaha geela ee ceeriin iyo haragga idaha iyo ariga ayaa sidoo kale loo dhoofiyaa Imaaraadka Carabta. 
Bangiyada ganacsiga ee Bosaaso ka shaqeeya waxaa kamid ah Amal Bank iyo Salaam Bank . Salaam Bank waxa uu bixiyaa adeegyada bangiyada gaarka ah iyo bangiyada shirkadaha. Adeegyada bangiyada Islaamiga ah iyo agabkeeda waxaa ka mid ah Mudarabah, Murabaha, Musharakah iyo Istisnaa. Intaa waxaa dheer, bangigu wuxuu bixiyaa bangiyada elektarooniga ah , bangiga SMS , bangiga gacanta iyo lacag-bixinta internetka. Bishii Agoosto 2011, bangigu wuxuu sidoo kale daah-furay adeeg madax-banaan (Kaaftoon) oo uu la wadaagayo Golis Telecom Soomaaliya.
==Gaadiidka==
[[File:Bosasairp.jpg|thumb|Gegida caalamiga ah ee Bender Qassim sanadkii 2007, ka hor dayactirka]]
Boosaaso waxa dhex mara waddo wayn oo waqooyi-koonfur ah oo dhan 750-km (470 mi). Waxay isku xirtaa magaalooyinka waaweyn ee waqooyiga dalka sida Gaalkacyo iyo Garoowe iyo magaalooyin ku yaal koonfurta. Bishii Juun 2012, Hay'adda Wadooyinka Puntland (PHA) ayaa billowday mashruuc dib u hagaajin iyo dayactir ah oo lagu sameynayo laamiga weyn ee isku xira Boosaaso iyo Garoowe.  Hay'adda gaadiidku waxay sidoo kale biloowday dayactirka halbowlaha dhexe ee isku xira magaalada iyo Qardho bishii Oktoobar 2012 .Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa socda qorshayaal lagu dhisayo waddooyin cusub oo isku xira magaalooyinka waaweyn ee gobolka iyo jidka weyn .  Bishii June 2014, Madaxweynaha Puntland Cabdiweli Maxamed Cali Gaas oo uu weheliyo Duqa degmada Boosaaso Xasan Cabdallah Xasan iyo mas’uuliyiin kale ayaa sidoo kale daah furay waddo cusub oo laami ah oo dhererkeedu dhan yahay 5.9km (3.7 mi). Mashruucan dhismuhu wuxuu u socdaa dhinaca dekedda Boosaaso, waxaana la dhammaystiray hay'adda UNHABITAT. Sida uu sheegay Cali, maamulkiisu waxa uu qorshaynayaa in uu ugu yaraan 23 milyan oo Yuuro ku maalgeliyo tabarucaadka saaxiibada caalamiga ah ee la mid ah hindisayaasha horumarinta kaabayaasha waddooyinka. 
Magaaladu waxay leedahay deked weyn oo ah dekeda Boosaaso . Waxa la dhisay badhtamihii 1980-aadkii maamulkii Siyaad Barre si sannad walba loo dhoofiyo xoolaha Bariga Dhexe . Bishii Janaayo 2012, waxaa la bilaabay mashruuc dib u dayactir ah, iyadoo KMC ay qandaraas ku qaadatay inay casriyeyso dekedda Boosaaso. Wajigii koowaad ee hindisaha ayaa lagu arkay nadiifinta agabka aan loo baahnayn ee ka soo baxay barxadda dekedda, waxaana la dhameeyay bishii gudaheeda. Wejiga labaad waxa uu ku saabsan yahay dib u dhiska dekeddu ku teedsan tahay badda ku dheggan, iyada oo ujeedadu tahay in la dejiyo maraakiibta waaweyn. 
Marka laga soo tago dekedda mashquulka badan, Boosaaso waxay leedahay garoon diyaaradeed oo weyn, garoonka caalamiga ah ee Bender Qassim . Sannadkii 2008, dawladda Puntland waxay heshiis malaayiin dollar ah la gashay shirkadda Dubai Lootah Group, oo ah koox warshadeed goboleed oo ka hawlgasha Bariga Dhexe iyo Afrika. Heshiiskan ayaa dhigaya in wajiga koowaad ee maalgashigan uu ku kacayo 170 milyan oo doolar ( $ 46.28m) waxaana lagu wadaa in la dhiso shirkado cusub oo ka howlgala,maamulka iyo dhismaha xarunta ganacsiga xorta ah ee Boosaaso iyo dhismaha badda iyo garoonka diyaaradaha. Shirkadda Garoonka Boosaaso ayaa loo qorsheeyay inay horumariso dhismaha garoonka si uu u buuxiyo heerarka caalamiga ah, oo ay ku jiraan waddo cusub oo 3.4 KM (2.1 mi) ah, dhismayaal waaweyn iyo kuwo gargaar ah, tagaasida iyo aagagga garoonnada, iyo hareeraha ammaanka. Bishii Disembar 2014, waxaa sidoo kale garoonka diyaaradaha la dhagax dhigay waddo cusub oo ay diyaaraduhu ku ordaan. Shirkadda Dhismaha Injineerinka Madaniga ah ee Shiinaha ayaa hadda loo qorsheeyay in ay cusboonaysiiso dhabaha dayuuradaha ee garoonka ee jira, oo ay ku dhejiso daamur, oo ay ka beddesho 1.8 ilaa 2.65 km (1.12 ilaa 1.65 mayl) iyada oo la raacayo xeerka hawlgalka 4C.
==Waxbarashada==
[[File:Eaubosaso2.jpg|thumb|Gelitaanka Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika faraceeda Boosaaso]]
Boosaaso waxaa ku yaal dhowr xarumo waxbarasho. Sida ay sheegtay wasaaradda waxbarashada Puntland, degmada Boosaaso waxaa ku yaalla 74 dugsi hoose dhexe . Waxaa ka mid ah Iskuulka Iftin, Alfurqaan, Umul-Qura iyo Gaarisa.  Dugsiyada sare ee deegaanka waxaa ka mid ah Xamdaan, Shaafici, Ughaz Yaasiin, Najax, Boosaaso iyo Xaaji Yaasiin. 
Waxbarashada heer jaamacadeed waxaa bixiya kulliyadda Boosaaso (BC), iyo sidoo kale Puntland Nursing Institute (PNI). Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika (EAU) waxay kaloo ku leedahay faraceeda Boosaaso, oo ka mid ah toddobada xarumood ee ay ku leedahay Puntland.  Intaa waxa dheer, Sam Greathouse School of Modern Technology (SG-SMT) waxa ay dawladda hoose kala shaqaynaysay sidii loo dhisi lahaa shabakad ballaadhan oo isku xidha Boosaaso iyo magaalooyinka kale ee waqooyiga Soomaaliya, oo ay ku jiraan Berbera iyo Laascaanood .
==Muuqaallo guud==
[[File:Bosaatnight.jpg|thumb|Muuqaallo guud]]
[[File:Bosasocityview.jpg|thumb|Magaalada Boosaaso]]
==Soo jiidashada dalxiiska==
Biyo Kulule waa il kulul oo ku taal koonfur-bari magaalada, 7 kiiloomitir (4.3 mi) ka baxsan magaalada.

Mareero waxay ku taal (25 kiiloomitir (16 mi) jihada bari ee Boosaaso,waxayna caan ku tahay xeebta ciidda cad.

Gaca, Laag, Karin , Yalho waxa loo tixgaliyaa inay yihiin meelo la soo booqdo.
[[File:Angle_view_of_Biyo_Kulule.jpg|thumb|Biyo Kulule]]
[[File:Mareero_Beach.jpg|thumb|Xeebta Mareero]]
==Warbaahinta==
Magaalada Boosaaso ayaa waxaa ku sugan dhowr xarumo warbaahin oo gaar loo leeyahay. Radio Daljir oo ah idaacada ugu weyn Puntland ayaa xarunteeda ugu weyn ku leh magaalada. Shabakadda baahinta FM-ta oo ka kooban todobo FM ah ayaa soo gaarta inta badan Puntland iyo sidoo kale qeyb ka mid ah deegaannada ay deriska yihiin ee Galmudug oo dhanka koonfureed ka xiga. Sidoo kale xarunteedu tahay magaalada Boosaaso iyo istuudiyaha ay ku leedahay Garoowe waxaa ka mid ah Idaacadda SBC oo ah idaacada ugu faca weyn uguna weyn Puntland. Intaa waxaa dheer, Idaacadaha Horseed , Al Xigma, iyo Radio One Nation ayaa xarun ku leh magaalada. Bishii Maajo 2013, Radio Garowe ayaa sidoo kale furay idaacad cusub oo FM ah oo laga furay Boosaaso. 
Magaaladu waxa kale oo ay leedahay kanaalo telefishan oo gaar loo leeyahay iyo istuudyo, Shabakadda Telefishanka Bari (ETN TV) iyo SBC TV. 
==Degmooyinka==
Boosaaso waxay u qaybsantaa 16 tuulo oo maamul
==Magaalooyinka walaalaha ah==
12 Agoosto 2016 Duqa magaalada Boosaaso Yaasiin Mire Maxamuud iyo Duqa magaalada Betsy Hodges ee Minneapolis ayaa si wada jir ah u saxiixay is-afgaradka rasmiga ah ee xiriirka Magaalada Walaasha, heshiiska waxaa horay u ansixiyay golaha deegaanka Minneapolis oo markii dambe ay isku raaceen golaha deegaanka Boosaaso.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; &quot;text-align:left;font-size:100%;&quot;|
|-
! style=&quot;background:#39e; color:white; height:17px; width:120px;&quot;| Wadanka
! ! style=&quot;background:#39e; color:white; width:140px;&quot;| Magaalada
|- style=&quot;color:black; background:white;&quot;
|-
|! !| {{Flag|United States}}
|! !| [[File:Minneapolis seal.png|25px]] [[Minneapolis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mccanscis&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Minneapolis City Council Approves New Sister City In Somalia|url=http://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2014/10/10/minneapolis-city-council-approves-new-sister-city-in-somalia/|access-date=10 October 2014|agency=CBS|date=10 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20150202193210/http://bosasomunicipality.com/districts &quot;Dawladda hoose ee Boosaaso&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20170728203029/https://docs.unocha.org/sites/dms/Somalia/UNDP-POP-RURAL-URBAN%202005.pdf &quot;Gobolada, degmooyinka, iyo dadkooda: Soomaaliya 2005 (qabyo)&quot;]

[https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/ancient/periplus.asp &quot;Mashruuca Buugaagta Taariikhda Internetka: Taariikhda Qadiimiga ah&quot;]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=fV5C-R1Jr_wC&amp;q=The%2520Majeerteen%2520Sultanate%2520%28Migiurtinia%29%2520was%2520founded&amp;pg=PT80 Meesha Aduunka Ugu Khatarsan: Gudaha Dawlad-goboleedka Soomaaliyeed]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140606220447/http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia-World-Environment-Day-celebrated-in-Puntland-Govt-calls-for-tree-plantation_printer.shtml &quot;Soomaaliya: Maalinta Deegaanka Adduunka oo Puntland laga xusay, Dowladda oo ku baaqday in la beero Dhirta&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20161005063105/http://sddr.faoswalim.org/downloads/Long%20Term%20Mean_Monthly__sunshine%20fraction.xls &quot;Waqtiga fog macneheedu waa jajab bille ah oo cadceed ka soo baxa Soomaaliya&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20250917115016/https://somalia.un.org/en/226965-bringing-school-closer-internally-displaced-children-bosaaso &quot;iskuulku soo dhawaynta caruurta gudaha ku barokacay ee Bosaaso&quot;]

[http://www.villapuntland.com/?p=15257 Waxaa maanta si rasmi ah u furmay kalfadhiga labaad ee golaha deegaanka] {{Wayback|url=http://www.villapuntland.com/?p=15257 |date=20200429183621 }}

[http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Puntland_rolls_out_measures_to_avert_deforestation_printer.shtml &quot;Soomaaliya: Puntland oo qaaday tallaabooyin cusub oo looga hortagayo xaalufinta dhirta&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Puntland_rolls_out_measures_to_avert_deforestation_printer.shtml |date=20131004233954 }}

[http://puntlandvoice.com/salaam-puntland-bank-boosaaso-oo-soo-bandhigtay-adeeg-loogu-magac-daray-%E2%80%9Ckaaftoon%E2%80%9D/ &quot;Salaam Puntland Bank Boosaaso oo soo bandhigtay Adeeg loogu Magac Daray &quot;Kaaftoon&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://puntlandvoice.com/salaam-puntland-bank-boosaaso-oo-soo-bandhigtay-adeeg-loogu-magac-daray-%E2%80%9Ckaaftoon%E2%80%9D/ |date=20141016111930 }} [http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/newsbriefs/2012/06/28/newsbrief-07 &quot;Puntland oo dib u habayn ku samaynaysa Waddada Boosaaso iyo Garoowe&quot;]

[http://www.ameinfo.com/176786.html Dowladda Puntland ee Soomaaliya, Maal-gashiga Lootah ayaa kala saxiixday heshiisyo istiraatijiyadeed oo ku kacaya 170-Dhs&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20230709015707/https://www.garoweonline.com/page/show/post/1112/somalia-puntland-president-lays-foundation-stone-for-bossaso-airport-runway &quot;Madaxwaynaha Puntland Oo Dhagax Dhigay Dhabaha Diyaaradaha Ee Garoonka Diyaaradaha Boosaaso&quot;]

[http://gallery.mailchimp.com/8f102acd5706302123896fceb/files/Governance_Leadership_and_Management_Programme_for_Somalia.doc &quot;Barnaamij lagu hagaajinayo maamulka, hoggaaminta iyo awoodda maamulka ee saddexda hay'adood ee caafimaadka Soomaaliya&quot;]

[http://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2014/10/10/minneapolis-city-council-approves-new-sister-city-in-somalia/ &quot;Golaha Deegaanka Minneapolis Oo Ansixiyey Walaasha Cusub Ee Soomaaliya&quot;]

==Ilaha==
[https://books.google.com/books?id=GbJIAAAAYAAJ &quot;Dib-u-eegis Todobaadle ah&quot;]

[http://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-4556869&amp;fid=5776&amp;c=somalia Boosaaso – Isku-duwayaasha]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20150202193210/http://bosasomunicipality.com/districts Dowladda hoose ee Boosaaso]

[https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-4556933&amp;fid=5779&amp;c=somalia, Boosaaso, Soomaaliya]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tunisiya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="25580" sha1="dsc7iufafid3rq9vqvbm3oxfshkto75" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Tunisiya
| name                   = {{unbulleted list|{{native name|ar|الجمهورية التونسية}}&lt;br /&gt;{{transliteration|ar|al-Jumhūriyyah at-Tūnisiyyah}}}}
| common_name            = Tunisiya
| image_flag             = Flag of Tunisia.svg
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of Tunisia.svg
| coa_size               = 70
| national_motto         = {{lang|ar|حرية، نظام، عدالة|rtl=yes}}&lt;br /&gt;&quot;{{transliteration|ar|Ḥurrīyah, Niẓām, 'Adālah}}&quot;&lt;br /&gt;&quot;[[Xorriyad, Kala-danbaysi, Caddaalad]]&quot;
| national_anthem        = {{lang|ar|حماة الحمى|rtl=yes}}&lt;br /&gt;&quot;[[Humat al-Hima]]&quot;&lt;br /&gt;({{langx|en|&quot;Difaacayaasha Gidgiga&quot;}})&lt;br /&gt;{{center|[[File:Humat al-Hima.ogg]]}}
| image_map              = {{Switcher|[[File:Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg]]|Muuji wareegga dhulka|Muuji khariidadda Tunisiya|default=1}}
| map_caption            = 
| capital                = [[Tunis]]
| largest_city           = caasimadda
| coordinates            = {{Coord|36|49|N|10|11|E|type:city}}
| official_languages     = [[Af-Carabi Standardka Casriga ah|Carabi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;art1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Dastuurka Tunisiya, Qodobka 1 |url=http://www.anc.tn/site/main/AR/docs/constit_proj_26012014.pdf |date=26 January 2014 |access-date=10 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209234154/http://www.anc.tn/site/main/AR/docs/constit_proj_26012014.pdf |archive-date=9 February 2014 }} Turjumaadda Jaamacadda Bern: &quot;Tunisiya waa Dawlad xor ah, madax-bannaan oo madax-bannaan; diinteedu waa Islaamka, luqaddeedu waa Carabi, foomkeeduna waa Jamhuuriyadda.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
| religion_ref           = &lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tunisia/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110024851/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tunisia | url-status=dead | archive-date=10 January 2021 | title=Tunisia CIA World Factbook | date=13 March 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| religion               = {{unbulleted list|99% [[Islaamka Tunisiya|Islaamka Sunniga]]|1% [[Astaamaha dadka ee Tunisiya|kuwa kale]] (oo ay ku jiraan [[Diinta ee Tunisiya#Masiixiyadda|Masiixiyiinta]], [[Taariikhda Yuhuuda ee Tunisiya|Yuhuudda]], [[Islaamka Shiicada]], iyo [[Diinta Baháʼí ee Tunisiya|Baha’i]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/new-survey-reveals-drop-religiousity-across-arab-world-especially-north-africa | title=New survey reveals drop-off in religiosity across Arab world, especially North Africa }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2018/06/13/young-adults-around-the-world-are-less-religious-by-several-measures/ | title=2. Young adults around the world are less religious by several measures | date=13 June 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| languages_type         = Af-goobalka maxaliga ah
| languages              = [[Af-Carabiga Tunisiya]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ethnologue.com/language/aeb Arabic, Tunisian Spoken]. Ethnologue (19 February 1999). Retrieved on 5 September 2015.&lt;/ref&gt; Lahjadaha laga tirada badan yahay : [[Af-Berberka Jerba]] (Chelha) [[Af-Berberka Matmata]] 
[[Af-Carabiga Yuhuudda-Tunisiya]] (UNESCO CR) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000212023|title=Atlas of the world's languages in danger : North Africa and the Middle East}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2011/apr/15/language-extinct-endangered|title=Endangered Languages}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/TN/languages|title=Tunisia Language Status}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.language-archives.org/language/jbn|title=OLAC resources in and about the Nafusi language}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/nafu1238|title=Language Classification}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Tunisia/Languages|title=Languages of Tunisia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-languages-are-spoken-in-tunisia.html|title=What Languages Are Spoken In Tunisia?}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QDq4YV0VT00C&amp;q=Berber-speaking+migrant+communities&amp;pg=PA109|title=Change in Tunisia: Studies in the Social Sciences|last1=Stone|first1=Russell A.|last2=Simmons|first2=John|date=1976|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=9780873953115|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=http://researchdirect.uws.edu.au/islandora/object/uws:573|title=An outline of the Shilha (Berber) vernacular of Douiret (Southern Tunisia)|publisher=PhD Thesis, Western Sydney University |last=Gabsi |first= Z. |year=2003}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| languages2_type        = Luqadaha qalaad
| languages2             = [[Af-Fransiis|Fransiis]] iyo [[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriisi]]{{efn|Ingiriisiga waxaa lagu dhigaa laga bilaabo fasalka afraad,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://cnp.com.tn/arabic/PDF/CurriculumOFENGLISH.pdf|title=CurriculumOFENGLISH|date=2019|access-date=2026-07-01|archive-date=2025-12-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251219141447/https://cnp.com.tn/arabic/PDF/CurriculumOFENGLISH.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxaana jira koror la dareemi karo oo ku yimid adeegsigeeda dhalinyarada dhexdeeda iyo baahida sii kordheysa ee suuqa shaqada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=English-medium instruction in Tunisia: Perspectives of students|date=2023|doi=10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1112255 |doi-access=free |last1=Abdeljaoued |first1=Marii |journal=Frontiers in Psychology |volume=14 |article-number=1112255 |pmid=37008855 |pmc=10063842 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| ethnic_groups          = {{Tree list}}
* 98% [[Carab]]&lt;ref name=CIA/&gt;
* 1% [[Berber]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3509799.stm|title=Berbers Populations Distribution|date=12 March 2004 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3509799.stm|title=Q&amp;A: The Berbers|date=12 March 2004 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1% [[Yuhuud]] iyo kuwa kale&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.pjvoice.com/v27/27006tunisia.aspx|title=The Jews of Tunisia|website=www.pjvoice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{Tree list/end}}
| ethnic_groups_year     = 2021
| ethnic_groups_ref      = &lt;ref name=CIA/&gt;
| demonym                = [[Dadka Tunisiya|Reer Tunisiya]]
| government_type        = Midaysan [[jamhuuriyad madaxweyne]]
| leader_title1          = [[Madaxweynaha Tunisiya|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1           = [[Kais Saied]]
| leader_title2          = [[Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Tunisiya|Ra'iisul Wasaare]]
| leader_name2           = [[Sara Zaafarani]]
| legislature            = [[Baarlamaanka Tunisiya|Baarlamaan]]
| upper_house            = [[Golaha Qaranka ee Gobollada iyo Degmooyinka]]
| lower_house            = [[Golaha Wakiilada Shacabka]]
| sovereignty_type       = [[Taariikhda Tunisiya|Aasaaska]]
| established_event1     = [[Aghlabids|Imaaraddii Aghlabid]]
| established_date1      = 800
| established_event2     = [[Hafsids|Saldanaddii Hafsid]]
| established_date2      = 1229
| established_event3     = [[Beylik of Tunis|Beylik-gii Tunis]]
| established_date3      = 15 Luulyo 1705
| established_event4     = [[Maxmiyaddii Fransiiska ee Tunisiya|Maxmiyaddii Fransiiska]]
| established_date4      = 12 Maayo 1881
| established_event5     = [[Madax-bannaanida Tunisiya|Madax-bannaanida]] iyo [[Boqortooyada Tunisiya|Boqortooyada]]
| established_date5      = 20 Maarso 1956
| established_event6     = [[Taariikhda Tunisiya casriga ah|Ku dhawaaqista Jamhuuriyadda]]
| established_date6      = 25 Luulyo 1957
| area_km2               = 163610
| area_rank              = 91aad &lt;!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]]--&gt;
| area_sq_mi             = 63170
| percent_water          = 5.04
| population_estimate    = 
| population_census      = 11,972,169&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.ins.tn/en/enquetes/population-and-housing-census-2024 | title=National Institute of Statistics}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 
| population_estimate_rank = 79aad
| population_census_year = 2024
| population_density_km2 = 79 &lt;!--pop est 2011 (164,418 sq km) / land area (155,360) = 96,536 sq mi--&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 200
| population_density_rank = 134aad
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $183.73 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;WEOD2504&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2025
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 84aad
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $14,780&lt;ref name=&quot;WEOD2504&quot;&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 111aad
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase}} $56.290 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;WEOD2504&quot;&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2025
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 90aad
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $4,530&lt;ref name=&quot;WEOD2504&quot;&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 121aad
| Gini                   = 33.7 &lt;!-- number only --&gt;
| Gini_year              = 2021
| Gini_change            = hoos u dhacay &lt;!-- increase/decrease/steady --&gt;
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=GINI index |publisher=World Bank |access-date=19 January 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI                    = 0.746 &lt;!-- number only --&gt;
| HDI_year               = 2023&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change             = kordhay &lt;!-- increase/decrease/steady --&gt;
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2025 |title=Human Development Report 2025 - A matter of choice: People and possibilities in the age of AI |date=6 May 2025 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme |isbn= |publication-date=6 May 2025 |pages= |access-date=6 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506064128/https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2025 |archive-date=6 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 105aad
| currency               = [[Dinaarka Tunisiya]]
| currency_code          = TND
| time_zone              = [[Wakhtiga Bartamaha Yurub|CET]]
| utc_offset             = +1
| date_format            = dd/mm/yyyy
| calling_code           = [[Lambarrada taleefanka ee Tunisiya|+216]]
| cctld                  = {{ublist |[[.tn]] |{{lang|ar|[[Internationalized country code top-level domain|.تونس]]}}&lt;ref name=&quot;iana&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.iana.org/reports/2010/tunis-report-16jul2010.html |title=Report on the Delegation of تونس. |year=2010 |publisher=Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers |access-date=8 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120531054928/https://www.iana.org/reports/2010/tunis-report-16jul2010.html |archive-date=31 May 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
}}
'''Tunisiya''',{{efn|Ku dhawaaqida: {{IPAc-en|UK|tj|uː|ˈ|n|ɪ|z|i|ə|,_|-|ˈ|n|ɪ|s|-}}, {{IPAc-en|US|-|ˈ|n|iː|ʒ|ə|,_|-|ˈ|n|iː|ʃ|ə|,_|-|ˈ|n|ɪ|ʒ|ə|,_|-|ˈ|n|ɪ|ʃ|ə}};&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|last=Wells|first=John C.|year=2008|title=Longman Pronunciation Dictionary|edition=3rd|publisher=Longman|isbn=978-1-4058-8118-0}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{langx|ar|تونس}} ''{{audio|help=no|tounes bel tounsi.wav|Tūnis}}'', {{IPA|ar|tuː.nɪs|pron}}}} si rasmi ahna loo yiraahdo '''Jamhuuriyadda Tunisiya''',{{efn|{{langx|ar|الجمهورية التونسية}} ''{{audio|help=no|tounesjmr.wav|al-Jumhūrīya at-Tūnisīya}}''; {{langx|fr|République tunisienne}}. Magaca rasmiga ah ee af-Carabiga maxaliga ah wuxuu u turjumayaa si aad ugu dhow &quot;Jamhuuriyadda Tunisiya&quot;, sidoo kale turjumaadda rasmiga ah ee Fransiiska ee inta badan la isticmaalo, laakiin turjumaadda Ingiriiska ee &quot;Republic of Tunisia&quot; waxaa Ingiriis ahaan u adeegsada xitaa dawladda Tunisiya ujeeddooyin rasmi ah (tusaale ahaan, magaca ay adeegsato safaaradda Tunisiya ee Washington, D.C.)}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Embassy of the Republic of Tunisia|url=https://www.tunisianembassy.org/|access-date=2021-09-30|publisher=Embassy of the Republic of Tunisia|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; waa dal ku yaal gobolka [[Maghrib]] ee [[Waqooyiga Afrika]]. Waxaa xudduud la wadaaga [[Aljeeriya]] dhanka galbeed iyo koonfur-galbeed, [[Liibiya]] dhanka koonfur-bari, iyo [[Bada Dhexe]] dhanka waqooyi iyo bari. Tunisiya waxay sidoo kale xudduud baddeed la wadaagtaa [[Talyaaniga]] iyada oo loo marayo jasiiradaha [[Sisili]] iyo [[Sardiniya]] dhanka waqooyi iyo [[Malta]] dhanka bari. Waxay leedahay goobo qadiimi ah oo laga qoday oo ku saabsan [[Kartaaj]] kuwaas oo dib u dhacaya qarnigii 9aad BC, iyo sidoo kale Masaajidka Weyn ee [[Kairouan]]. Waxay caan ku tahay dhismaheeda qadiimiga ah, [[Suuqyada Tunis|suuqyada]], iyo xeebaha buluugga ah, waxay ku fadhidaa dhul baaxaddiisu tahay {{convert|163610|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, waxayna leedahay dad gaaraya 12.1 milyan. Waxay ka kooban tahay dhammaadka bari ee [[Buuraha Atlas]] iyo cirifka waqooyi ee saxaraha [[Saxaraha Weyn]]; inta badan dhulkeeda soo harayna waa [[dhul la beeri karo]]. Xeebteeda oo dhererkeedu yahay {{convert|1300|km|mi|abbr=on}} waxaa ku jira isku-xirka Afrikaanka ee qeybaha galbeed iyo bari ee [[Dooxada Badda Dhexe]]. Tunisiya waa hoyga dhibicda ugu waqooyisaneysa Afrika, oo ah [[Cape Angela]]. Waxay ku taal xeebta waqooyi-bari, [[Tunis]] waa caasimadda dalka, taas oo dalka la fkiisa loogu magac daray Tunis. Luqadda rasmiga ah ee Tunisiya waa [[Af-Carabi Standardka Casriga ah|Carabi]]. Inta guud ee dadka Tunisiya waa [[Carab]] iyo [[Muslimiin]]. Af-goobalka [[Af-Carabiga Tunisiya]] waa luqadda ugu hadalka badan, [[Af-Fransiis|Fransiiska]] wuxuu u adeegaa sidii luqad maamul iyo mid waxbarasho xaaladaha qaar, laakiin ma laha maqaam rasmi ah.

Laga soo bilaabo xilligii qadiimiga ahaa ee hore, Tunisiya waxaa degganaa dadka u dhashay gobolka ee [[Berber]]. [[Foinikiya|Foinikiyiinta]], oo ah dad [[Luqadaha Semitiga|Semiig]] ah, waxay bilaabeen inay yimaadaan qarnigii 12aad BC, [[Deegaamaynta Foinikiyiinta ee Waqooyiga Afrika|iyagoo degey xeebta oo aasaasay dhowr degmo]], kuwaas oo [[Kartaaj]] ay u soo baxday inay noqoto dalka ugu awoodda badnaa qarnigii 7aad BC. Faracyadii ka yimid degeyaashii Foinikiyiinta waxaa loo yaqaannay [[Dadka Punic]]. [[Kartaaj-tii Qadiimiga ahayd]] waxay ahayd boqortooyo [[Ganaacsi|ganacsi]] weyn iyo xafiiltan ciidan la lahayd [[Jamhuuriyadda Roomanka]] ilaa 146 BC markii [[Goynta Kartaaj (Dagaalkii Saddexaad ee Punic)|lagu jabiyay]] Roomaanka kuwaas oo haystay Tunisiya inta badan 800-da sano ee soo socota. Roomaanku waxay soo hordhigeen [[Masiixiyad|Masiixiyadda]] waxayna ka tageen hiddo dhisid ah sida [[Amphitheatre of El Jem]]. Qarnigii 7aad AD, [[Fathigii Muslimiinta ee Maghrib|Muslimiinta Carabta ayaa qabsaday]] Tunisiya waxayna [[Hijradii Carabta ee Maghrib|la degeen qabiilooyinkooda iyo qoysaskooda]], iyagoo keenay [[Islaam]] iyo [[Dhaqanka Carabta]]. Ka dib guurid weyn oo [[Hijradii Carabta ee Maghrib#Banu Hilal iyo Banu Sulaym (qarnigii 11aad)|Hijradii Carabta]] ee qabiilooyinka [[Banu Hilal]] iyo [[Banu Sulaym]] qarniyadii 11aad-12aad ayaa dardargelisay geeddi-socodkan. Qiyaastii qarnigii 15aad, gobolka Tunisiya ee maanta wuxuu horey u ahaa mid ku dhowaad gebi ahaanba [[Carabayn|Caraboobay]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Holes |first=Clive |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pzRtDwAAQBAJ |title=Arabic Historical Dialectology: Linguistic and Sociolinguistic Approaches |year=2018 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-100506-0 |page=42 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka dib, sanadkii 1546, [[Boqortooyadii Cusmaniyiinta]] ayaa aasaastay maamul, iyadoo haysatay ilaa 1881, markii [[Qabsashadii Fransiiska ee Tunisiya|Fransiisku qabsaday Tunisiya]]. Sanadkii 1956, [[Madax-bannaanida Tunisiya|Tunisiya waxay qaadatay madax-bannaanida]] iyadoo ah Jamhuuriyadda Tunisiya. Maanta, [[Dhaqanka Tunisiya|dhaqanka Tunisiya]] iyo aqoonsigeedu waxay ku salaysan yihiin isgoyskan qarniyada badan qaatay ee dhaqamada iyo qoomiyadaha kala duwan.

Sanadkii 2011, [[Kacdoonkii Tunisiya]], kaas oo ay kicisay qanacnaan la'aan ku saabsan xorriyad la'aanta iyo [[demoqraadiyad|demoqraadiyadda]] hoos timaada xukunkii 24-ka sano ahaa ee Madaxweyne [[Zine El Abidine Ben Ali]], ayaa afgembiyay nidaamkiisii wuxuuna horseeday dhaqdhaqaaqa ballaran ee [[Gu'gii Carabta]] ee gobolka oo dhan. Doorashooyin baarlamaani ah oo xisbiyo badan oo xor ah [[Doorashadii Golaha Maatada ee Tunisiya ee 2011|doorashooyin]] ayaa la qabtay wax yar ka dib; dalku wuxuu haddana u codeeyay baarlamaan 26 Oktoobar 2014,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url =http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Article/ARTJAWEB20140625141745/ |title=Tunisie: les législatives fixées au 26 octobre et la présidentielle au 23 novembre |trans-title=Tunisia: legislative elections fixed for 26 October and presidential elections for 23 November|newspaper=Jeune Afrique |language=fr |date=25 June 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo madaxweyne 23 Noofambar 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Tunisia holds first post-revolution presidential poll|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-30165471|work=BBC News|date=23 November 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gobolka 2014 ilaa 2020, waxaa loo tixgeliyey dalka kaliya ee demoqraaddiga ah ee [[Caalamka Carabta]], sida uu qabo ''[[The Economist Democracy Index]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url =https://infographics.economist.com/2022/democracy-index-2021/index.html |title=Democracy Index 2021|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=22 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{efn|[[Lubnaan]] iyo [[Ciraaq]] waa [[Nidaamka qirashada (siyaasadda)|demoqraadiyado qirasho siyasadeed ah]].}} Ka dib [[dib-u-dhac demoqraadi ah]] oo ka dhacay hoos timaada Madaxweyne [[Kais Saied]], Tunisiya waxaa loo qiimeeyay [[nidaam isku-dhaf ah]] sanadkii 2022&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Democracy Index 2021: The China challenge |url=https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2021/ |website=Economist Intelligence Unit |access-date=2 March 2022 |pages=6–7 |archive-date=8 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108091515/https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2021/ }}&lt;/ref&gt; laga bilaabo 2025 ma laha doorashooyin xor iyo cadaalad ah sida uu qabo [[Freedom House]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tunisia: Freedom in the World 2025 Country Report |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/tunisia/freedom-world/2025 |access-date=2025-11-03 |website=Freedom House |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waa mid ka mid ah waddamada tirada yar ee Afrika ee aadka ugu sarreeya [[Heerka Horumarka Aadanaha]], iyadoo leh mid ka mid ah [[Liiska waddamada Afrika marka loo eego GDP (PPP) qofkiiba|dakhliga qofkiiba ugu sarreeya]] qaaradda, iyadoo ku jirta kaalinta 129aad ee [[Liiska waddamada marka loo eego GDP (nominal) qofkiiba|dakhliga qofkiiba ee GDP]].

Tunisiya waxay si fiican ugu dhex weydaysan tahay beesha caalamka. Waa xubin ka tirsan [[Qaramada Midoobay]], {{Lang|fr|[[Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]]}}, [[Ururka Carabta]], [[Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka]], [[Midowga Afrika]], [[Suuqa Wadajirka ah ee Bariga iyo Koonfurta Afrika]], [[Dhaqdhaqaaqa Aan-la-safan]], [[Maxkamadda Dembiyada Caalamiga ah]], [[Kooxda 77]], iyo kuwa kale. Waxay xiriir dhow oo dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed la leedahay qaar ka mid ah waddamada Yurub, gaar ahaan [[Xiriirka Faransiiska iyo Tunisiya|Faransiiska]] iyo [[Xiriirka Talyaaniga iyo Tunisiya|Talyaaniga]],&lt;ref&gt;{{in lang|fr}} [http://www.jolpress.com/italie-matteo-renzi-tunisie-article-824677.html &quot;Pourquoi l'Italie de Matteo Renzi se tourne vers la Tunisie avant l'Europe&quot;]. JOL Journalism Online Press (28 February 2014). {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810115035/http://www.jolpress.com/italie-matteo-renzi-tunisie-article-824677.html|date=10 August 2018}}. Retrieved on 5 September 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Ghanmi |first=Monia |date=12 September 2014 |url=http://magharebia.com/fr/articles/awi/articles/2014/09/12/feature-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140914025940/http://magharebia.com/fr/articles/awi/articles/2014/09/12/feature-02 |archive-date=14 September 2014 |title=La Tunisie renforce ses relations avec l'Italie |language=fr |trans-title=Tunisia strengthens relations with Italy |work=Magharebia}}&lt;/ref&gt; sababo la xiriira isku dhawaanshahooda dhuleed. Tunisiya waxay sidoo kale leedahay [[Heshiiska Ururka Midowga Yurub|heshiis iskaashi]] ay la leedahay [[Midowga Yurub]] waxayna gaartay maqaamka [[isbahaysi weyn oo aan NATO ahayn]] ee [[Maraykanka]].

== Asalka  magaca==
{{see also|Tunis#Etymology}}
Erayga ''Tunisia'' wuxuu ka yimid [[Tunis]], oo ah xarun magaalo oo dhexe iyo caasimadda Tunisiya-da casriga ah. Qaabka hadda jira ee magaca, oo wata horgalaheeda [[Laatiin|Laatiinka]] ee ''{{nowrap|-ia}}'', wuxuu ka yimid [[Af-Fransiis|Fransiiska]] {{lang|fr|Tunisie}},&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrian&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Room |first=Adrian |title=Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features, and Historic Sites |entry=Tunisia |entry-url=https://archive.org/details/placenamesofworl02edroom/page/385/mode/1up |publisher=McFarland |year=2006 |page=385 |isbn=978-0-7864-2248-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Everett-Heath|first=John|title=The Concise Dictionary of World Place-names|entry=Tunisia|entry-url=https://archive.org/details/concisedictionar0000ever/page/534/mode/1up|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=2005|page=534|isbn=978-0-19-860537-9}}&lt;/ref&gt; kaas oo isna guud ahaan lala xiriiriyo xididka [[Luqadaha Berberiga|Berberiga]] ee {{lang|ber|ⵜⵏⵙ}}, loona qoro {{lang|ber-Latn|tns}}, oo macnaheedu yahay &quot;in la dego&quot; ama &quot;xero&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;peter-ross&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Peter M. |last1=Rossi |first2=Wayne Edward |last2=White |title=Articles on the Middle East, 1947–1971: A Cumulation of the Bibliographies from the Middle East Journal |publisher=Pierian Press, [[University of Michigan]] |year=1980 |page=132}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mararka qaarkood waxaa sidoo kale lala xiriiriyaa [[Diinta Kartaaj|ilaahadda Kartaaj]] ee [[Tanit]]h (ama Tunit),&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrian&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Taylor |first=Isaac |title=Names and Their Histories: A Handbook of Historical Geography and Topographical Nomenclature |publisher=BiblioBazaar, LLC |year=2008 |page=281 |isbn=978-0-559-29668-0 }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Tynes.&lt;ref name=&quot;ej-brill&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Houtsma |first=Martijn Theodoor |title=E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936 |publisher=Brill |year=1987 |page=838 |isbn=978-90-04-08265-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hann-war&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=[[Ab urbe condita (Livy)|History of Rome]]|volume=Hannibal's War: Books Twenty-one to Thirty |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2006 |page=705 |isbn=978-0-19-283159-0 |author=[[Livy]] |editor1-first=John |editor1-last=Yardley |editor2-last=Hoyos |editor2-first=Dexter |name-list-style=amp}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Erayga ka dhashay Fransiiska ee {{lang|fr|Tunisie}} waxaa lagu qaatay joogitaanka luqadaha Yurub qaarkood iyadoo isbeddel yar lagu sameeyay, iyadoo la keenay magac gooni ah oo loo bixiyay dalka. Luqadaha kale waxay magaca uga tageen sidii uu ahaa, sida [[Af-Ruush|Ruushka]] {{lang|ru|Туни́с}} ({{transliteration|ru|Tunís}}) iyo [[Af-Isbaanish|Isbaanishka]] {{lang|es|Túnez}}. Xaaladdan, magaca isku midka ah ayaa loo adeegsadaa dalka iyo magaaladaba, sida [[Af-Carabi|Carabiga]] {{lang|ar|تونس|rtl=yes}}, waxaana kaliya oo lagu kala garan karaa macnaha qoraalka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrian&quot; /&gt;

Ingiriiska dhexdiisa, Tunisiya ka hor madax-bannaanida waxaa sidoo jiid badanaa loogu yeeri jiray si fudud &quot;Tunis&quot;, magacaas oo sii jiray ilaa 1940-meeyadii;{{efn|''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' waxay u qornayd &quot;TUNIS, Regency of, formerly one of the Barbary states of north Africa, but since 1881 a dependency of France,...&quot; daabacaadeedii sagaaad ee 1875–1889,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite EB9|wstitle=Tunis, Regency of|volume=XXIII|page=619}}&lt;/ref&gt; laakiin kabaalkii 1902–1903 (daabacaadda tobnaad) iyo daabacaadeedii caanka ahayd ee kow iyo tobnaad (oo u qornayd &quot;TUNISIA (Regency of Tunis), a country of North Africa, under the protection of France,...&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Tunisia|volume=XXVII|page=393}}&lt;/ref&gt;).

Daabacaadihii ''[[New International Encyclopedia]]'' ee 1905 iyo 1916 waxay u qornaayeen &quot;TUNIS (Fr. ''Tunisie''). A French protectorate in North Africa.&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The New International Encyclopædia|volume=XIX|entry=Tunis|entry-url=https://archive.org/details/newinternational19gilm/page/535/mode/1up|publisher=Dodd, Mead and Company|date=1905|page=535}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The New International Encyclopædia|volume=XXII|entry=Tunis|entry-url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101064517301&amp;seq=617|publisher=Dodd, Mead and Company|date=1916|page=545}}&lt;/ref&gt; halka kabaalkii 1928 uu u qornaa &quot;TUNIS or {{Smallcaps|Tunisia}}. A French protectorate in North Africa...&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The New International Encyclopædia|volume=XXV|entry=Tunis|entry-url=https://archive.org/details/newinternational008261mbp/page/n454/mode/1up|publisher=Dodd, Mead and Company|date=1928|page=1311}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} iyadoo uu jiro saamaynta Fransiiska, erayga cusub ee &quot;Tunisia&quot;, oo laga soo qaatay ''Tunisie'', ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u hirgalay.&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrian&quot; /&gt; Sifada &quot;Tunisian&quot; waxay markii ugu horreysay ka soo muuqatay Ingiriiska sanadkii 1825;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite OED2|term=Tunisian|volume=18|page=674|isbn=0-19-861230-3|url=https://archive.org/details/OXD1989ENEN/18%20-%20Oxford%20English%20Dictionary%20%281989%29/page/674/mode/1up}}&lt;/ref&gt; qaabkii sifaale ee ka horreeyay wuxuu ahaa &quot;Tunisine&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite OED2|term=Tunisine|volume=18|page=674|isbn=0-19-861230-3|url=https://archive.org/details/OXD1989ENEN/18%20-%20Oxford%20English%20Dictionary%20%281989%29/page/674/mode/1up}}&lt;/ref&gt;
==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist}}

{{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}}
{{Dalalka Afrika}}
[[Category:Wadamada Afrika]]</text>
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    <title>Hadaaftimo</title>
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      <text bytes="9413" sha1="ly8irbf738ph4ncxur83uprtb6oizd9" xml:space="preserve">'''Hadaaftimo''' ( [[Af Soomaali|Somali]] : Hadaaftimo ) waa magaalo taariikhi ah oo ku taal bariga gobolka [[Sanaag]] ee wadanka [[Soomaaliya]]. Waxay hoy u tahay dhowr goobood oo qadiimiga ah iyo dhismayaal qadiimi ah. Waxaa ku yaal saldhig ciidamada [[Puntland]] .{{Infobox settlement
|official_name          =Hadaaftimo
|native_name            =  
|other_name             =
|settlement_type        =Magaalo
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|pushpin_map            =Somalia
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| latd = 10
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| longd = 48
| longm = 06
| longs = 00
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|subdivision_type       =Wadanka
|subdivision_name       ={{flag|Somalia}}
|subdivision_type1      =Gobolka
|subdivision_type2      =Degmo
|subdivision_name1      =[[Sanaag]]
|subdivision_name2      = [[Ceerigaabo]]
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|government_footnotes   =
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|leader_title           =Gudoomiyaha
|leader_name            =Moxamed Cabdi Maxamed (Arnab) 
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|population_footnotes   =&lt;ref&gt;
[https://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/ena/wfp144576.pdf?iframe &quot;Qiimaynta Sugnaanta Cunnada Puntland iyo Nuglaanta&quot; ]&lt;/ref&gt;
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|website                = 
|footnotes              = 
|coordinates_region     =SO-SA
|timezone               =[[East Africa Time|EAT]]
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}}
==Waxbarashada==
Hadaaftimo waxa ku yaala sida caadiga ah iskuulada hoose dhexe iyo sare waxana kaso baxda arday dhan walba ka dhisan.
==Deegaanka==
Hadaftimo waxay kutaala dooxo kaso bilabata buuraha gollis. 
Waa dhul carro san waxayna hodan ku tahay caradeedu oo ku fican tahay beerashada, iyo xoolo daaqsinkaba. 
Hadaaftimo waxay 30km u jirta magaalada badhan oo dhanka bari ka xiga. 
Caasimada gobolka ee ceerigaabo waxay u jirtaa 90km. 
Hadaafftimo waa degmo aad u weyn isla markaana ku caan baxday xadaarad    iyo il-baxnimo. 
==Cimilada==
Cimilada waa kuwo aad u fiican isla markaana qof walba si dhib yar ula qabsan karo. 
Bilaha March, April, iyo May waxa ka da'a roobabka gu'ga ,  bilaha June, July, iyo Uagosto waxa ka dhaca xagaaga, 
Halka bilaha september, octobar, iyo noveber waxa ka da'a robab yar aan le ekayn kuwii gu'ga , bilaha December, January, iyo, Feb waa wakhtiga jilaalka dhaxan yarna wa ka dhacdaa.
==Taariikhda==
Hadaftimo waa magaalo qadiimi ah.  Waagii British Somaliland , afar deegaan ayaa laga aqoonsaday agagaarka: Buraan oo ka tirsan gobolka Sool, Ceel Daahir , Xubeera, Hadaftimo oo dooxada Gebi ah. 
Abbaarihii 1990kii, Dhaqdhaqaaqa Waddaniga Soomaaliyeed waxay weerar ku qaadeen Hadaftimo, oo ah guri ay deggan yihiin qabiilka Warsangeli, halkaas oo qaxoonti aad u tiro badan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, weerarkan ayaa markii dambe cambaareeyay madaxda Dhaqdhaqaaqa Waddaniga Soomaaliyeed. 
Badhtamihii 1992-kii ayaa urur Islaami ah oo Al-Itixaad Al-Islaamiya u soo guuray gobolka Sanaag, beesha Warsangali iyo Dishiishe ayaa shir ku yeeshay Hadaaftimo, waxayna go’aansadeen in la mideeyo Soomaaliya, lagana hortago in AIAI ay soo gasho.
Sida lagu sheegay warbixin la soo saaray 1993-kii, Hadaftimo waxa ku noolaa 4,000 oo qof, hal il oo kaliya oo ay ka cabbaan.  Waxaa jira lix dugsi hoose oo ay dhigtaan 260 arday.  : 32  Hadaaftimo oo ay weheliso Ceerigaabo , Badhan , Dhahar , Ceel Afweyn , Laascaanood , Garadag iyo Maydh waxay ku taxan yihiin xarumaha waaweyn ee Sanaag Bari.  : 7 
Qiyaastii 2005tii, Horn Relief ayaa mashaariic ay ka mid yihiin ka hortagga nabaad guurka ka fulisay 10 tuulo oo ka tirsan dhulka Sool iyo dooxada Gebi ee gobolka Sanaag. 
Bishii November 2012, ciidamada Puntland waxay saldhig ka dhisteen deegaanka Beeragaha oo u dhow Xingalool , waxayna u dhaqaaqeen tuulada Ceel-cad oo galbeedka ka xigta Hadaaftimo, si ay uga hortagaan Somaliland oo fariisin ku leh deegaanka Yubbe . 
Bishii May ee sannadkii 2015-kii ayay xukuumadda Somaliland ka bilowday deegaanka Hadaaftimo mashruuc biyo gelin ah. Waxay ku dhawaaqday inay rakibayso ceel cusub iyo nidaam biyo-gelineed.
Bishii Agoosto 2017, Diwaangelinta Codbixiyayaasha Doorashada Madaxtooyada Somaliland iyo qaybinta sanaaduuqda codbixinta ee Hadaaftimo, August 2017. 
Bishii Oktoobar 2017, dawladda Puntland ayaa dhisme cusub ka bilowday deegaanka Hadaaftimo. 
Bishii November ee sanadkii 2017-kii waxaa deegaanka Hadaaftimo gaaray wafdi uu hogaaminayo wasiirka amniga Puntland oo u kuur galayay xaalada doorashada Somaliland.  Maalintii xigtay ayaa ciidamo ka tirsan Puntland laga soo diray Boosaaso si ay uga hortagaan in la keeno sanaadiiqda doorashada madaxtinimada Somaliland. Maalintii xigtay waxa magaalada Hadaftimo ka dhacay mudaharaad lagaga soo horjeedo doorashada Somaliland. 
Bishii June 2019, ciidanka Somaliland ayaa gawaadhida gaashaaman ku daabulay gobolada Sool iyo Sanaag oo ay ka mid tahay Hadaaftimo. Bishii Agoosto, dagaal ku dhex maray ciidamada Somaliland iyo Puntland deegaanka Hadaaftimo. Waxa uu ahaa dagaalkii ugu horeeyay muddo laba sano ah. 
February 26, 2020, Somalilanders iyo ciidamada Puntland ayaa ku dagaalamay meel u dhow Hadaaftimo. Xukuumadda Somaliland ayaa ku dhawaaqday in ciidamada Somaliland ay guulo ka gaareen dagaalkaas.
June 8, 2020, ciidamada ammaanka Puntland ayaa rasaas ku furay bannaanbax ay shacabka ku dhaqan magaalada Hadaaftimo ku taageerayaan dowladda federaalka. 
Bishii Nofeembar 2021, ciidamada Somaliland oo ka yimid Yubbe ayaa weeraray Hadaaftimo ee Puntland. 
May 2023 Madaxweynaha Puntland ayaa booqday deegaanka Hadaaftimo oo lagu soo dhaweeyay. 
{{flag|Somaliland}}portal
==Sidoo Kale Fiiri==
* [[Saylac]]
* [[Dhisme Soomaali]]
==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}[https://web.archive.org/web/20211208173229/https://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/ena/wfp144576.pdf?iframe &quot;Qiimaynta Sugnaanta Cunnada Puntland iyo Nuglaanta&quot;]

[https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-4566245&amp;fid=5773&amp;c=somalia &quot;Hadaaftimo, Somalia - Magacyada Juqraafiyeed, khariidad, isku-duwayaasha juqraafiga&quot;]

[https://karinnews.net/articles/59154/XASAASI-Cabsida-Laga-Qabo-Dagaalo-Sanaag-Ku-Dhex-Mara-Somaliland-Iyo-Puntland-Ruqaansiga-Ciidamada-Somaliland-Iyo-Warwarka-Ciidamada-Puntlnd &quot;Cabsida Laga Qabo Dagaalo Sanaag Ku Dhex Mara Somaliland Iyo Puntland&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://karinnews.net/articles/59154/XASAASI-Cabsida-Laga-Qabo-Dagaalo-Sanaag-Ku-Dhex-Mara-Somaliland-Iyo-Puntland-Ruqaansiga-Ciidamada-Somaliland-Iyo-Warwarka-Ciidamada-Puntlnd |date=20220104221412 }}

[https://www.daljir.com/raadreeb-midnimada-soomaaliya-iyo-qodobada-shirkii-beesha-warsangeli-ee-hadaaftimo-30-siteenbar-1992/ &quot;RAADREEB: Midnimada Soomaaliya iyo maqaalka beesha Warsangeli ee &quot;Hadaftimo 30 Siteenbar 1992&quot;]

[https://www.calpnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Evaluation-Report-North-Somalia-OGN-HR-NPA-2005-FINAL.pdf &quot;Dalada NGO-ga DFID/NOVIB OO MAAL GASHAY KA jawaabida Abaaraha GOBOLADA TOGDHEER, SOOL, BARI/NUGAAL&quot;]

[http://ceerigaabo.com/2015/06/18/somaliland-pr-sdf-funded-water-supply-development-project-launched-in-hadaftimo-district/ &quot;SOMALILAND:-(PR) Mashruuc Horumarineed Biyo Gelin ah oo ay Maalgelinayso Sanduuqa Horumarinta Biyaha (SDF) ayaa laga Daah-furay Degmada Hadaaftimo&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://ceerigaabo.com/2015/06/18/somaliland-pr-sdf-funded-water-supply-development-project-launched-in-hadaftimo-district/ |date=20210522092122 }}

[https://www.daljir.com/cumar-cabdullaahi-hadaaftimo-soomaalilaan-meel-cidla-ah-oo-maamul-ka-horreeyey-uusan-jirin-bay-yimaadeen-dhegayso/ &quot;Cumar Cabdullaahi, Hadaaftimo: &quot;Soomaalilaan Meel Cidla ah oo Maamul ka Horreeyey uusan Jirin bay Yimaadeen&quot; (dhegayso)&quot;]

[https://www.daljir.com/qaar-ka-mid-ah-dibadbaxyaasha-magaalada-hadaftimo-ee-gobolka-sanaag-oo-daljir-uga-waramay-dareenkooda-dhegayso/ &quot;Qaar ka mid ah dibadbaxayaasha magaalada Hadaftimo ee gobolka Sanaag oo Daljir uga waramay dareenkooda (dhegayso)&quot;]

[https://www.radiodalsan.com/wararka-idaacadda/banaanbax-lagu-taageerayo-farmaajo-oo-ka-dhacay-degmo-ka-tirsan-puntland/ &quot;Banaanbax Lagu Taageerayo Farmaajo Oo Ka Dhacay Degmo Ka Tirsan Puntland&quot;]

[https://www.daljir.com/gudooomiyaha-barlamaanka-puntland-oo-hadaaftimo-lagu-soo-dhaweyeey/ &quot;Gudooomiyaha Baarlamaanka Puntland oo Hadaaftimo lagu soo dhaweyey&quot;]

[https://puntlandparliament.com/guddoomiyaha-golaha-wakiillada-dpl-oo-lagu-soo-dhaweeyey-hadaaftimo/ &quot;GUDDOOMIYAHA GOLAHA WAKIILADA DPL OO LAGU SOO DHAWEEYEY HADAAFTIMO]{{gumud}}
{{commons|Category:Hadaaftimo}}

== Xusuusin ==
[http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-4566245&amp;fid=5773&amp;c=somalia Hadaaftimo, Somalia]
[[Category:Magaalooyinka Soomaaliya]]</text>
      <sha1>ly8irbf738ph4ncxur83uprtb6oizd9</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Gaana</title>
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      <text bytes="21856" sha1="np0q3lc7wfahq8zq0b7jkdl00758s49" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Ghana
| common_name            = Ghana
| image_flag             = Flag of Ghana.svg
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of Ghana.svg
| coa_size               = 90
| national_motto         = &quot;Xorriyad iyo Caddaalad&quot;
| motto                  = 
| national_anthem        = &quot;[[Ilaahay ha Barakeeyo Dhulkayaga Hooyo ee Ghana]]&quot;&lt;div style=&quot;display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;&quot;&gt;{{center|[[File:National Anthem of Ghana.ogg]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
| image_map              = {{Switcher|[[File: Ghana (orthographic projection).svg|Muuji wareegga dhulka|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Muuji khariidadda Afrika|default=1}}
| capital                = [[Accra]]
| largest_city           = caasimadda
| coordinates            = {{Coord|05|33|18|N|00|11|33|W|type:city}}
| official_languages     = [[Luqadda Ingiriisiga|Ingiriis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;The Ghanaian Government states that English is the official language for the nation&quot;&gt;{{cite web |quote=English is the official language of Ghana and is universally used in schools in addition to nine other local languages. The most widely spoken local languages are [[Twi]], Dagbani, Ga and Ewe . |url=http://www.ghanaembassy.org/index.php?page=language-and-religion |title=Language and Religion |publisher=Ghana Embassy |access-date=8 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301155437/https://www.ghanaembassy.org/index.php?page=language-and-religion |archive-date=1 March 2017 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ghana – 2010 Population and Housing Census&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010phc/Census2010_Summary_report_of_final_results.pdf |title=Ghana – 2010 Population and Housing Census {{!}} Summary Report of Final Results|website=Government of Ghana |date=May 2012 |access-date=1 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925192147/http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010phc/Census2010_Summary_report_of_final_results.pdf |archive-date=25 September 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| languages_type         = Luqadaha ay dawladdu maalgeliso
| languages              = {{hlist|[[Twi]]|[[Lahjada Fante|Fante]]|[[Luqadda Ewe|Ewe]]|[[Dagaare]]|[[Dagbanli]]|[[Adangme]]|[[Luqadda Ga|Ga]]|[[Luqadda Gonja|Gonja]]|[[Luqadda Kasem|Kasem]]|[[Luqadda Nzema|Nzema]]}}
| languages2_type        = [[Luqadda shaqada|Luqadaha shaqada]]
| languages2             = {{hlist|Ingiriis|[[Luqadda Faransiiska|Faransiis]]}}
{{hlist|[[Hindi rasmiga ah|Hindi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;IMM&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Immigration into Ghana Since 1990|url=http://www.oecd.org/dev/poverty/46733734.pdf|publisher=Regional Institute for Population Studies (RIPS), University of Ghana, Legon|year=2012|access-date=11 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Carabi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;IMM&quot;/&gt;
|[[Ingiriiska Ghana]]
|[[Ingiriiska Pidginka ee Ghana]]

|}}
| religion               = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap;
 |{{Tree list}}
* 71.3% [[Masiixiyadda ka jirta Ghana|Masiixiyad]]
** 49.0% [[Budaestanti|Borotestant]]
** 10.0% [[Kaniisadda Kaatooligga ee Ghana|Kaatoolig]]
** 12.3% [[Masiixi]] kale
{{Tree list/end}}
 |19.9% [[Islaamka ka jira Ghana|Islaam]]
 |3.2% [[Diimaha dhaqanka ee Afrika|Diimaha dhaqanka]]
 |1.1% [[Diin la'aan ka jirta Ghana|Diin la'aan]]
 |4.5% Diimaha kale
}}
| religion_year          = 2021
| ethnic_groups          = {{unbulleted list
|45.7% [[Dadka Akan|Akan]]
|18.5% [[Dadka Mole-Dagbon|Mole-Dagbon]]
|12.8% [[Dadka Ewe|Ewe]]
|7.1% [[Dadka Ga-Adangbe|Ga-Adangbe]]
|6.4% [[Dadka Gurma|Gurma]]
|3.2% [[Dadka Guang|Guan]]
|2.7% [[Dadka Gurunsi|Gurunsi]]
|2.0% [[Dadka Mande|Mande]]
|1.6% [[Astaamaha dadka ee Ghana|kuwa kale]]
}}
| ethnic_groups_ref      = &lt;ref name=&quot;statsghana1&quot;/&gt;
| ethnic_groups_year     = 2021
| religion_ref           = &lt;ref name=&quot;statsghana1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://census2021.statsghana.gov.gh/gssmain/fileUpload/reportthemelist/2021%20PHC%20General%20Report%20Vol%203C_Background%20Characteristics_181121.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227194122/https://census2021.statsghana.gov.gh/gssmain/fileUpload/reportthemelist/2021%20PHC%20General%20Report%20Vol%203C_Background%20Characteristics_181121.pdf |archive-date=2021-12-27 |url-status=live |title=2021 PHC General Report Vol 3C, Background Characteristics |website=Ghana Statistical Service|date=November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| demonym                = Reer Ghana
| government_type        = Midaysan [[Nidaamka madaxtooyada|jamhuuriyad madaxtooyo]]
| leader_title1          = [[Madaxweynaha Ghana|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1           = [[John Mahama|John Dramani Mahama]]
| leader_title2          = [[Madaxweyne ku-xigeenka Ghana|Madaxweyne ku-xigeen]]
| leader_name2           = [[Jane Naana Opoku-Agyemang]]
| leader_title3          = [[Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka Ghana|Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka]]
| leader_name3           = [[Alban Bagbin]]
| leader_title4          = [[Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare ee Ghana|Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare]]
| leader_name4           = [[Paul Baffoe-Bonnie|Garsoore Paul Baffoe-Bonnie]]
| legislature            = [[Baarlamaanka Ghana|Baarlamaan]]
| sovereignty_type       = [[Taariikhda Ghana|Madaxbannaanida]]
| sovereignty_note       = ka timid [[Boqortooyada Midowday]]
| established_event1     = [[Xukun-hoosaadka Ghana|Xukun-hoosaad]]
| established_date1      = 6 Maarso 1957
| established_event2     = Jamhuuriyad
| established_date2      = 1 Luulyo 1960
| area_km2               = 240000&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.GH&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=652,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2020&amp;ey=2028&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Ghana) |publisher=[[Sanduuqa Lacagta Caalamiga ah]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=14 October 2023 |archive-date=21 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231021173139/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=652,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2020&amp;ey=2028&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_rank              = 80aad
| area_sq_mi             = 92101
| percent_water          = 4.61 (11,000&amp;nbsp;km{{sup|2}}; 4,247&amp;nbsp;mi{{sup|2}})
| population_estimate    = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 35,039,451&lt;ref name=&quot;pop&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Ghana Population (2025) |url=https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/ghana-population/ |language=en |access-date=7 October 2019 |archive-date=17 January 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260117005506/https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/ghana-population/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2025
| population_estimate_rank = 46aad
| population_density_km2 = 151
| population_density_sq_mi = 392
| population_density_rank = 90aad
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $314,592 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{cite web| url= https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/profile/GHA#:~:text=Here's%20some%20information%20about%20Ghana's%20GDP%20from,PPP%2C%20share%20of%20world**%200.14%25%20in%202026 |language=en |publisher = International Monetary Fund | title = World Economic Outlook: Ghana: Datasets | access-date=21 June 2025 |archive-date=28 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428212902/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/April |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 67aad
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2025
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $8,042&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 136aad
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase}} $113,494 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 67aad
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2026
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $3,179&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 137aad
| Gini                   = 44
| Gini_year              = 2024
| Gini_change            = isku heer
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.statista.com/forecasts/1165084/gini-index-forecast-in-ghana |publisher=Statista |website=statista.com |access-date=19 May 2024 |title=Ghana: gini index 2014–2029 |archive-date=15 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251115041322/https://www.statista.com/forecasts/1165084/gini-index-forecast-in-ghana |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank              = 
| HDI                    = 0.628
| HDI_year               = 2023&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change             = kor u kac
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref name=&quot;UNHDR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 May 2025 |title=Human Development Report 2025 |url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506051232/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf |archive-date=6 May 2025 |access-date=6 May 2025 |publisher=[[Barnaamijka Horumarinta ee Qaramada Midoobay]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 143aad
| currency               = [[Cedi-ga Ghana|Cedi]]
| currency_code          = GHS
| utc_offset             = ±00:00
| time_zone              = [[Wakhtiga Greenwich|GMT]]
| calling_code           = [[Lambarrada taleefanka ee Ghana|+233]]
| iso3166code            = GH
| cctld                  = [[.gh]]
| today                  = 
}}

'''Ghana''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Ghana.ogg|ˈ|ɡ|ɑː|n|ə}} {{respell|GAH|nə}}), si rasmi ahna loo yihaahdo '''Jamhuuriyadda Ghana''', waa dal ku yaal [[Galbeedka Afrika]]. Waxay ku taallaa iyadoo uu ka xigo [[Gacanka Guinea]] iyo [[Badweynta Atlaantigga]] dhanka koonfureed, waxayna xudduud la leedahay [[Xeebta Fool-maroodiga]] dhanka galbeed, [[Burkiina Faaso]] dhanka waqooyi, iyo [[Toogo]] dhanka bari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=About Ghana – Ministry Of Foreign Affairs |url=https://mfa.gov.gh/index.php/about-ghana/ |access-date=2026-06-04 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ghana waxay ku fadhidaa dhul baaxaddiisu tahay {{convert|239567|km2|abbr=on}}, kaas oo ku fidsan [[Nidaamka deegaanka|deegaanno]] kala duwan, laga bilaabo [[xeeb]]aha [[savanna]]da ah ilaa [[kaymo kulul ee roobka]]. Iyadoo leh in ka badan 35 milyan oo isku dhex nool,&lt;ref name=pop/&gt; Ghana waxay ku jirtaa [[Liiska waddamada Afrika marka loo eego tirada dadka|kaalinta saddex-iyo-tobnaad ee waddamada ugu dadka badan Afrika]], waana dalka labaad ee ugu dadka badan Galbeedka Afrika. [[Magaalo-madax|Caasimadda]] iyo magaalada ugu dadka badan waa [[Accra]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ed |date=2024-08-13 |title=16 Regions in Ghana |url=https://www.fact-checkghana.com/16-regions-in-ghana/ |access-date=2026-03-28 |website=Fact Check Ghana |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Boqortooyadii ugu horreysay ee ka soo ifbaxday Ghana waxay ahaayeen [[Dawladda Bono|Bonoman]] ee dhanka koonfureed iyo [[Boqortooyada Dagbon]] ee dhanka waqooyi, iyadoo Bonoman ay ka jirtay aaggaas intii lagu guda jiray qarnigii 11-aad.&lt;ref name=&quot;NP&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Danver |first1=Steven L |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vf4TBwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA25 |title=Native Peoples of the World: An Encyclopedia of Groups, Cultures and Contemporary Issues |date=10 March 2015 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-46400-6 |page=25 |access-date=19 March 2023 |archive-date=4 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404105202/https://books.google.com/books?id=vf4TBwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA25 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Boqortooyadii Asante]] iyo boqortooyooyin kale oo ay lahaayeen [[Dadka Akan|Akan]] oo ku yaal koonfurta ayaa soo baxay qarniyadii xigay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Asante Kingdom |date=15 June 2002 |url=http://www.ascleiden.nl/content/webdossiers/asante-kingdom |publisher=[[Afrika-Studiecentrum, Leiden]] |access-date=8 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712214333/http://www.ascleiden.nl/content/webdossiers/asante-kingdom |archive-date=12 July 2014 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laga bilaabo qarnigii 15-aad, [[Boqortooyadii Boortaqiiska]], oo ay ku xigeen [[Quwadaha Yurub|quwado kale oo Yurub ah]], ayaa ku tartamay aaggaas si ay u helaan xuquuqda ganacsiga, ilaa markii dambe [[Boqortooyada Ingiriiska|Ingiriisku]] uu si buuxda u hantay maamulka xeebta qarnigii 19-aad. Ka dib in ka badan qarni ay jirtay iska caabin gumeysi, xudduudaha dambe ee dalka ayaa qaab qaatay, kuwaas oo isku daray afar dhul oo gumeysi oo Ingiriis ah oo kala duwan: [[Xeebta Dahabka (gumeysigii Ingiriiska)|Xeebta Dahabka]], [[Ashanti (Gumeysiga Crown)|Ashanti]], [[Dhulalka Waqooyi ee Xeebta Dahabka|Dhulalka Waqooyi]], iyo [[Togoland-ta Ingiriiska]]. Kuwan waxaa loo mideeyay sidii xukun-hoosaad madaxbannaan oo ka tirsan [[Barwaaqo-sooranka]]. 6-dii Maarso 1957, Ghana waxay noqotay [[gumeysi]]kii ugu horreeyay ee ku yaal [[Afrika ka koonfureed Sahara]] ee qaata madaxbannaanida buuxda.&lt;ref name=&quot;Universal Newsreel&quot;&gt;{{cite video |year=1957 |title=Video: A New Nation: Gold Coast becomes Ghana In Ceremony, 1957/03/07 (1957) |url=https://archive.org/details/1957-03-07_A_New_Nation |publisher=[[Universal Newsreel]] |access-date=20 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128113959/http://archive.org/details/1957-03-07_A_New_Nation |archive-date=28 January 2013 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;First For Sub-Saharan Africa&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/14chapter3.shtml |title=First For Sub-Saharan Africa |publisher=BBC |access-date=29 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111101135716/http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/14chapter3.shtml |archive-date=1 November 2011 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Exploring Africa – Decolonization&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Exploring Africa – Decolonization |url=http://exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu/images/decolinization.jpg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602212136/http://exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu/images/decolinization.jpg |archive-date=2 June 2013 |access-date=29 February 2012 |publisher=Exploring Africa – Michigan State University}}&lt;/ref&gt; Markay ahayd xukunkii Madaxweyne [[Kwame Nkrumah]], waxay saameyn weyn ku yeelatay [[Xoraynta Afrika|dadaallada ka reebista gumeysiga]] iyo [[U-haajiridda Midnimada Afrika|dhaqdhaqaaqa Pan-Africanism-ka]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Ateku&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Ateku |first=Abdul-Jalilu |date=March 7, 2017 |title=Ghana is 60: An African success story with tough challenges ahead |url=http://theconversation.com/ghana-is-60-an-african-success-story-with-tough-challenges-ahead-74049 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629063944/https://theconversation.com/ghana-is-60-an-african-success-story-with-tough-challenges-ahead-74049 |archive-date=29 June 2021 |access-date=27 June 2021 |website=The Conversation}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ghanaweb |date=2024-03-13 |title=Sankofa Series: A history of Ghana's 4 republics |website=GhanaWeb |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Sankofa-Series-A-history-of-Ghana-s-4-republics-1921329 |access-date=26 November 2024 |archive-date=13 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313105231/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Sankofa-Series-A-history-of-Ghana-s-4-republics-1921329 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ghana waa dal [[qowmiyado badan]] leh oo ka kooban kooxaha luqadaha iyo diimaha kala duwan;&lt;ref name=popest&gt;{{cite web |title=2020 Population Projection by Sex, 2010–2020 |publisher=Ghana Statistical Service |url=http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/pop_stats.html |access-date=2 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180424110616/http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/pop_stats.html |archive-date=24 April 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt; in kasta oo [[Dadka Akan|Akan]] ay yihiin kooxda qowmiyadeed ee ugu weyn, haddana waxay ka dhigan yihiin aqlabiyadda qaraabada ah. Inta badan [[Dadka Ghana|reer Ghana]] waa [[Masiixiyadda ka jirta Ghana|Masiixiyiin]] (71.3%); ku dhowaad shantii meelood meelna waa [[Islaamka ka jira Ghana|Muslimiin]]; meel tobnaadna waxay ku dhaqmaan diimaha dhaqanka ama waxay sheegaan inay diin la'aan yihiin.&lt;ref name=&quot;statsghana1&quot;/&gt; Ghana waa [[Dimuqraadiyad dastuuri ah|dimuqraadiyad dastuuri ah]] oo midaysan oo uu hoggaamiyo [[Madaxweynaha Ghana|madaxweyne]] kaas oo ah [[madaxa qaranka]] iyo [[madaxa xukuumadda]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Ghana: CIA World FactBook&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1= |title=Ghana |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ghana/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109003331/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ghana/ |archive-date=9 January 2021 |access-date=20 May 2016 |website=CIA World FactBook |publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Xagga xasiloonida siyaasadeed ee [[Afrika]], waxay gashay kaalinta toddobaad ee 2022 [[Tusmada Ibrahim ee Maamulka Afrika]] iyo kaalinta shanaad ee 2024 [[Tusmada Dawladaha Nugul]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Ateku&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite press release |title=Ghana's Economy Expected to Recover Its Potential By 2025, says World Bank Report |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2023/07/19/ghana-economy-expected-to-recover-its-potential-by-2025-says-world-bank-report|date=19 July 2023 |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=World Bank |language=en |archive-date=19 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231219224816/https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2023/07/19/ghana-economy-expected-to-recover-its-potential-by-2025-says-world-bank-report |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ghana waa xubin aasaasi ah oo ka tirsan [[Ghana iyo Dhaqdhaqaaqa dhex-dhexaadka ah|Dhaqdhaqaaqa dhex-dhexaadka ah]] iyo [[Midowga Afrika]], waana xubin ka tirsan [[Qaramada Midoobay]], [[Aagga Nabadda iyo Iskaashiga ee Koonfurta Atlaantigga]], [[Beesha Dhaqaalaha ee Galbeedka Afrika]], [[Kooxda 24]] iyo [[Barwaaqo-sooranka]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://m.state.gov/md2860.htm |publisher=[[Waaxda Arrimaha Dibadda ee Mareykanka]] |title=Ghana-US relations |date=11 February 2013 |access-date=1 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130405184830/http://m.state.gov/md2860.htm |archive-date=5 April 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Asalka magaca==
===Boqortooyadii Ghana===
{{Further| Boqortooyada Ghana}}
Magaca ''Ghana'' wuxuu ka yimid [[Boqortooyada Ghana|Wagadu]], oo ahayd boqortooyo ku taal galbeedka Afrika qarniyadii 3-aad ilaa 12-aad; Wagadu waxaa loogu yeeri jiray ''Ghana'' ganacsatadii [[Carab|Carabta]] ahaa ee ku lug lahaa [[ganacsiga dhex-mara Saxaraha]]. Sidoo kale ''Ghana'' waxaa loo maleynayaa inay ka timid magaca ciwaanka ah ''[[Kaya-Magha|Kaya Maghan]]'' ee madaxdii Wagadu, kaas oo u turjumaya ''hoggaamiyaha dahabka''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gestrich&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Gestrich |first=Nikolas |title=Oxford Research Encyclopedias: African history |chapter=Ghana Empire |year=2019 |doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.396 |isbn=978-0-19-027773-4 |url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-396}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ku dhex-galka aqoonta gumeysiga ka hor===
Isku daygii ugu horreeyay ee lagu xiriirinayo dadka ku nool [[Xeebta Dahabka (gumeysigii Ingiriiska)|Xeebta Dahabka]] iyo Ghana-dii hore waxaa sameeyay Rev. J. B. Anaman qiyaastii bilowgii qarnigii 20-aad. Anaman wuxuu adeegsaday fasiraaddii D. W. Cooley ee qarnigii 19-aad ee ku saabsanayd ilaha juqraafi ee Carabta si uu ugu doodo xiriir taariikhi ah, isagoo soo jeediyay asal kale oo magaca ku xiriirinaya Wangara. {{sfn|Kimble|1963|pp=xvi–xvii}} [[Flora Shaw, Baroness Lugard|Lady Flora Shaw]] ayaa markii dambe isku dubaridday qoraallada Carabta iyo kuwa Yurub labadaba si ay u abuurto sheekooyin faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan boqortooyada. Waxay u soo bandhigtay sidii quwad weyn oo Afrikaan ah oo la barbar dhigi karo dawladihii reer Galbeedka Yurub ee xilligaas jiray.{{sfn|Kimble|1963|p=xvi}}

Sida uu sheegay [[Jack Goody]], aragtida ah in [[Dadka Akan|Akan]] ay ka soo jeedaan [[Boqortooyada Ghana|Boqortooyadii Ghana]] ee xilliyadii dhexe waxaa si joogto ah u horumarinayay baridda Rev. W. T. Balmer intii dhexaysay 1907 iyo 1911, kaas oo ardayda baray in Akan ay ka soo guureen boqortooyadii hore ee ku tiil agagaarka [[Webiga Niger|Webiga Niger ee Sare]].{{sfn|Goody|1968|pp=461–462}} Goody wuxieu sheegay in mala-awaalka Balmer uu ka maqnaa caddaymo luqadeed iyo kuwo taariikhi ah, haddana waxa uu markii dambe saameyn ku yeeshay dadkii aqoonyahanka ahaa iyo aqoon-yahannadii wadaniyiinta ahaa.{{sfn|Goody|1968|pp=462–463}}

Mala-awaalku wuxuu helay caannimo weyn markii lagu soo bandhigay hay'adaha waxbarashada, gaar ahaan [[Dugsiga Achimota|Achimota]], intii lagu jiray 1920-yadii halkaas oo uu markii dambe ku faafay dugsiyada kale.{{sfn|Kimble|1963|p=xvii}} Aragtida waxaa dhowr jeer lagu baahiyay qoraallada aqooneed ee [[J. B. Danquah]]; wuxuu adeegsaday tarjumaado [[Carabi]] iyo [[Luqadda Faransiiska|Faransiis]] ah si uu u sheego in Akan ay ka soo guureen gobolka Upper Niger. Danquah wuxuu soo jeediyay in ereyga Ghana uu ahaa khalkhal ku yimid Akane ama Akana wuxuuna la xiriiriyay gobolkii hore ee [[Boqortooyada Akkad|Akkad]].{{sfn|Goody|1968|p=468}} Eva L. R. Meyerowitz ayaa sii ballaarisay hadalkan iyada oo u maraysa qoraallo xiriir ah oo doonayay in dib loo dhiso taariikhdii hore. Waxay sheegtay in asalka iyo dhaqanka Akan ay ka yimaadeen aagagga ku yaal [[Saxaraha]] iyo Bariga Dhaxe, waxayna ku doodday in dhaqanka Akan uusan ahayn mid inta badan madowga Afrika ah, laakiin beddelkeeda loo tixgelin karo [[Liibiya]]-[[Berber]] ama ku xiran dhaqamada [[Bada Dhexe|Badda Dhexe]] ama [[Bariga Dhow]].{{sfn|Goody|1968|pp=468–470}}

===Ogolaanshaha qaranka iyo macnaha astaanta ah===
Markay ahayd muddadii horseedday madaxbannaanida, magaca &quot;Ghana&quot; waa la aqbalay waxaana loo qaatay sidii astaan sharaf leh oo gumeysiga ka hor ah, midnimo dhaqameed, iyo sharciyad qaran.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gestrich&quot;/&gt;
==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist}}

{{Dalalka Afrika}}
[[Category:Wadamada Afrika]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Senegaal</title>
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      <text bytes="18984" sha1="ivoivbn8yylo4l772es1v2syac3i2om" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Senegaal
| native_name            = {{native name|fr|République du Sénégal}}
| common_name            = Senegal
| image_flag             = Flag of Senegal.svg
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of Senegal (official version).svg
| image_map              = Senegal (orthographic projection).svg
| map_caption            = {{map caption|location_color=dark green}}
| image_map2             = 
| national_motto         = {{native phrase|fr|&quot;Un peuple, un but, une foi&quot;|nolink=yes}}&lt;br/&gt;{{native phrase|wo|&quot;Benn Askan, Benn Jubluwaay, Benn Pas-Pas&quot;|nolink=yes}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Raaya ak bàkku Senegaal |trans-title=Calanka iyo halku-dhigga Senegal|url=https://www.presidence.sn/wo/presidence/le-drapeau-et-la-devise-du-senegal |lang=wo |publisher=[[President of Senegal|Presidency of Senegal]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;({{langx|en|&quot;Hal Shacab, Hal Hadaf, Hal Caqiido&quot;}})
| national_anthem        = {{lang|fr|[[Le Lion rouge]]}}&lt;br /&gt;({{langx|en|&quot;Libaaxa Cas&quot;}}){{parabr}}{{center|[[File:National Anthem of Senegal.ogg]]}}
| official_languages     = [[Af-Faransiis|Faransiis]]
| languages_type         = [[Aqoonta luqadda|Luqadaha qaranka]]
| languages              = {{hlist|[[Af-Wolof|Wolof]]{{Efn|name=WolofStatus|Xogta laga helay Xarunta Daraasaadka Afrika ee Jaamacadda Pennsylvania waxay qiyaasaysaa in qiyaastii 90% dadka u dhashay Senegal ay fahmaan ama ku hadlaan Wolof ahaan luqaddooda koowaad ama labaad.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=African Studies Center{{!}} African Languages at Penn |url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/afl/alwolof.htm |access-date=20 March 2023 |website=Center for African Studies at [[University of Pennsylvania]] |archive-date=29 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129152750/https://www.africa.upenn.edu/afl/alwolof.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}|[[Af-Serer|Serer]]|[[Af-Diola|Diola]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Falola |first=Toyin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3fhADwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=Arabic+Status+in+Senegal&amp;pg=PT190 |title=Africanizing Knowledge: African Studies Across the Disciplines |date=30 November 2017 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-32438-0 |pages=190 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;|[[Af-Pulaar|Pulaar]]|[[Af-Soninke|Soninke]]|[[Af-Mandinka|Mandinka]]{{Efn|name=SenegalNationalLangs|Qodobka 1-aad ee Dastuurka Senegal ee 2001, kaas oo dhigaya in luqadaha qaranka ay yihiin Diola, Malinké, Pular, Sérère, Soninké iyo Wolof.&lt;ref name=&quot;Languages&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Senegal's Constitution of 2001 with Amendments through 2016 |url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Senegal_2016.pdf?lang=en |website=Constitute Project |language=en |access-date=20 March 2023 |archive-date=10 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410075501/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Senegal_2016.pdf?lang=en |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}}}
| ethnic_groups          = {{ubl| 39.7% [[Wolof (qoomiyad)|Wolof]]
|27.5% [[Fula (qoomiyad)|Fula]]
|16.0% [[Serer (qoomiyad)|Serer]]
|4.9% [[Mandinka (qoomiyad)|Mandinka]]
|4.2% [[Jola (qoomiyad)|Jola]]
|2.4% [[Soninke (qoomiyad)|Soninke]]
|5.4% [[Qoomiyadaha kale ee Senegal|kuwa kale]]}}
| ethnic_groups_ref      = &lt;ref name=&quot;CIA Factbook&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Senegal |date=23 August 2022 |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/senegal/ |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |language=en |access-date=23 January 2024 |archive-date=4 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204143936/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/senegal/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| ethnic_groups_year     = 2019
| religion               = {{ubl
| 89% [[Islaamka Senegal|Islaam]]
| 10% [[Masiixiyad]]
| 1% [[Diimaha Dhaqanka ee Afrika|Diimaha dhaqanka]]}}
| religion_year          = 2024
| religion_ref           = &lt;ref name=&quot;Pew Research&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Pew Forum on Religion &amp; Public Life / Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/06/sub-saharan-africa-chapter-1.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250518203729/https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/06/sub-saharan-africa-chapter-1.pdf |archive-date=May 18, 2025 |website=Pew Research}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| demonym                = Senegalese
| capital                = [[Dakar]]
| coordinates            = {{Coord|14|40|N|17|25|W|type:city}}
| largest_city           = caasimadda
| government_type        = Jamhuuriyad [[Nidaamka nus-madaxweynaha|nus-madaxweyne]] oo midaysan
| leader_title1          = [[Liiska Madaxweynayaasha Senegal|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1           = [[Bassirou Diomaye Faye]]
| leader_title2          = [[Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Senegal|Ra'iisul Wasaare]]
| leader_name2           = [[Ahmadou Al Aminou Lo]]
| leader_title3          = [[Guddoomiyaha Golaha Shacabka ee Senegal|Guddoomiyaha Golaha Shacabka]]
| leader_name3           = [[Ousmane Sonko]]
| legislature            = [[Golaha Shacabka (Senegal)|Golaha Shacabka]]
| area_rank              = 86aad
| area_km2               = 196,722&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA Factbook&quot;/&gt;
| area_sq_mi             = 75,955
| percent_water          = 2.1
| population_estimate    = {{Increase}} 18,847,519&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA Factbook&quot;/&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2024
| population_estimate_rank = 68aad
| population_census_rank = 
| population_census      = 
| population_census_year = 
| population_density_km2 = {{density|18,847,519|196,722}}
| population_density_rank = 
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $105.428 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.SN&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april/weo-report?c=722,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2023&amp;ey=2030&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 Edition. (Senegal) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |date=10 April 2025 |access-date=9 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 100aad
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2025
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase }} $5,498 &lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.SN&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 150aad
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 103aad
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase}} $34.728 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.SN&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2025
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase }} $1,811&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.SN&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 154aad
| established_event1     = Isbeddelka Jamhuuriyadda
| established_date1      = 25 Noofambar 1958
| sovereignty_type       = [[Taariikhda Senegal|Madax-bannaanida]]
| established_event2     = Madax-bannaanida Faransiiska{{efn|Iyada iyo [[Suudaanta Faransiiska]], oo ahaa [[Xiriirka Mali]].}}
| established_date2      = 20 Juun 1960
| established_event3     = Ka bixitaankii&lt;br /&gt;[[Xiriirka Mali]]
| established_date3      = 20 Agoosto 1960
| established_event4     = Kala diristii [[Xiriirka Senegambia]]
| established_date4      = 30 Sebtembar 1989
| established_event5     = 
| established_date5      = 
| established_event6     = 
| established_date6      = 
| Gini_year              = 2011
| Gini_change            = 
| Gini                   = 40.3 
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref name=&quot;wb-gini&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |access-date=2 March 2011 |archive-date=25 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225120531/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/%20 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank              = 
| HDI                    = 0.530 
| HDI_year               = 2023
| HDI_change             = kordhay
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref name=&quot;UNHDR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 May 2025 |title=Human Development Report 2025 |url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506051232/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf |archive-date=6 May 2025 |access-date=6 May 2025 |publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 169aad
| currency               = [[CFA franc-ka Galbeedka Afrika]]
| currency_code          = XOF
| country_code           = 
| utc_offset             = ±00:00
| time_zone              = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| time_zone_DST          = 
| utc_offset_DST         = 
| calling_code           = [[+221]]
| cctld                  = [[.sn]]
| flag_p1                = Flag of Mali (1959–1961).svg
| today                  = 
}}

'''Senegaal''',{{efn|{{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Senegal.ogg|ˌ|s|ɛ|n|ə|ˈ|ɡ|ɔː|l|,_|-|ˈ|ɡ|ɑː|l}};&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Senegal |title=Definition of Senegal |publisher=The Free Dictionary |access-date=6 November 2013 |archive-date=23 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523052551/https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Senegal |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Senegal |title=Define Senegal |dictionary=Dictionary.com |access-date=6 November 2013 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304225517/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/senegal |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; {{langx|fr|Sénégal}} {{ipa|fr|seneɡal|}}}} si rasmi ahna loo yiraahdo '''Jamhuuriyadda Senegaal''',{{efn|{{langx|fr|link=no|République du Sénégal}} {{ipa|fr|ʁepyblik dy seneɡal|}}}} waa dalka ugu galbeedsan dhul-waynaha [[Galbeedka Afrika]], wuxuuna ku yaal xeebta [[Badweynta Atlaantik-ga]]. Waxay xuduud la leedahay [[Mauretania]] xagga [[Xuduudda Mauretania–Senegal|waqooyiga]], [[Mali]] xagga [[Xuduudda Mali–Senegal|bari]], [[Gini]] xagga [[Xuduudda Gini–Senegal|koonfur-bari]] iyo [[Gini-Bisaau]] xagga [[Xuduudda Gini-Bisaau–Senegal|koonfur-galbeed]]. Senegal waxay ku dhowdahay inay gebi ahaanba ku hareeraysato dalka [[Gambiya]], oo ah dal fadhiya dhul cariiri ah oo ku teedsan daanta [[Webiga Gambiya]], kaas oo kala sooca gobolka koonfureed ee Senegal ee [[Casamance]] iyo dalka intiisa kale.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 August 2018 |title=Which Countries Border The Gambia? |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/which-countries-border-the-gambia.html |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=WorldAtlas |archive-date=25 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925074027/https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/which-countries-border-the-gambia.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Why is The Gambia Surrounded by Senegal? |url=https://www.trazeetravel.com/why-is-the-gambia-surrounded-by-senegal/ |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=Trazee Travel |language=en-US |archive-date=3 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003032201/https://www.trazeetravel.com/why-is-the-gambia-surrounded-by-senegal/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay sidoo kale xuduud badeed la wadaagtaa [[Cape Verde]]. Caasimadda iyo magaalada ugu weyn Senegal waa [[Dakar]].

Senegal waa dalka ugu xagga galbeed ee dhul-waynaha [[Dunidii Hore]], ama [[Afro-Eurasia]].&lt;ref&gt;Janet H. Gritzner, Charles F. Gritzner&amp;nbsp;– 2009, Senegal&amp;nbsp;– Page 8&lt;/ref&gt; Magaceeda waxay ka heshay [[Webiga Senegal]], oo xuduud u ah dhanka waqooyi iyo bari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=culturetrip |date=31 May 2018 |title=The Real Story Behind Senegal's Name |url=https://theculturetrip.com/africa/senegal/articles/the-real-story-behind-senegals-name/ |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=Culture Trip |archive-date=6 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206024446/https://theculturetrip.com/africa/senegal/articles/the-real-story-behind-senegals-name/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Cimiladu inta badan waa midda [[Sahel|Sahel-ka]], iyadoo leh [[Xilli-roobaad|xilli roobaad]]. Senegal waxay ku fidsan tahay dhul baaxadiisu tahay ku dhawaad {{convert|197,000|km2}} waxayna leedahay dad dhowr ah oo gaaraya 18 milyan.{{UN Population|ref}} Dawladdu waa [[Nidaamka nus-madaxweynaha|jamhuuriyad nus-madaxweyne ah]]; tan iyo markii la aas-aasay dalka sanadkii 1960-kii, waxaa loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay mid ka mid ah wadamada ugu xasiloon qaaradda Afrika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Overview |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/senegal/overview |access-date=30 November 2022 |publisher=World Bank |archive-date=30 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130123208/https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/senegal/overview |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Marka loo eego [[Tusmooyinka Dimuqraadiyadda ee V-Dem]] ee 2024, Senegal waxay ku jirtaa kaalinta 68aad ee dimuqraadiyadda doorashooyinka adduunka iyo kaalinta 10aad ee [[dimuqraadiyadda doorashooyinka ee Afrika]].&lt;ref name=&quot;vdem_dataset&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=V-Dem Institute |date=2023 |title=The V-Dem Dataset |url=https://www.v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/ |access-date=14 October 2023 |archive-date=8 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208183458/https://www.v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dawladdan waxaa loo dhisay sidii qayb ka mid ah madax-bannaanidii [[Galbeedka Afrika ee Faransiiska]] ee ka xorowday [[Xukunkii gumeysiga Faransiiska]]. Taariikhdan darteed, Faransiisku waa luqadda rasmiga ah, laakiin waxaa fahma kaliya dad tirada yar ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Jacques Leclerc|date=4 October 2010|title=Sénégal|url=http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/afrique/senegal.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229121849/http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/afrique/senegal.htm|archive-date=29 February 2012|access-date=17 March 2012|website=Trésor de la langue française au Québec}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Luqadaha Senegal|In ka badan 30 luqadood]] ayaa looga hadlaa Senegal. [[Af-Wolof|Wolof]] waa luqadda ugu ballaaran ee loogu hadlo, iyadoo 80% dadku ay ku hadlaan sidii luqaddooda koowaad ama labaad,&lt;ref name=&quot;What Languages Are Spoken in Senegal?&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pariona |first=Amber |date=27 September 2017 |title=What Languages Are Spoken in Senegal? |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-languages-are-spoken-in-senegal.html |url-status=live |access-date=4 October 2022 |website=WorldAtlas |archive-date=4 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004131156/https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-languages-are-spoken-in-senegal.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyadoo u adeegta sidii [[Lingua franca|''lingua franca'']] ee Senegal oo barbar socota Faransiiska. [[Af-Carabi|Carabiga]] iyo [[Af-Pulaar|Pulaar]] sidoo kale waxay weli caan ku yihiin bulshooyinka qaar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gueye |first1=Massamba |date=17 November 2022 |title=Wolof is reclaiming ground in Senegal as the French language wanes |url=https://theconversation.com/wolof-is-reclaiming-ground-in-senegal-as-the-french-language-wanes-194750 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.xvjeydjhj |editor-first1=Moina |editor-first2=Assane |editor-last1=Spooner |editor-last2=Diagne}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sida wadamada kale ee Afrika, dalku wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[Aqoonta dadka ee Senegal|isku dhaf ballaaran oo bulshooyin qoomiyado iyo luqado kala duwan leh]], iyadoo kuwa ugu waaweyni ay yihiin [[Wolof (qoomiyad)|Wolof]], [[Fula (qoomiyad)|Fula]], iyo [[Serer (qoomiyad)|Serer]]. Dadka reer Senegal u badan koodu waa [[Muslimiin]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0b&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Senegal, a Muslim Country that Can't Get Enough Christmas |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_senegal-muslim-country-cant-get-enough-christmas/6181575.html |last=Hammerschlag |first=Annika |date=24 December 2019 |access-date=30 November 2022 |publisher=VOA |archive-date=30 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130123919/https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_senegal-muslim-country-cant-get-enough-christmas/6181575.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Maadaama uu yahay dal soo koraya, Senegal waxaa loo kala saaraa [[Wadamada saboolka ah ee deynta badan lagu leeyahay|dal sabool ah oo deyn badan lagu leeyahay]], iyadoo ku jirta kaalinta hoose ee [[Tusmada Horumarinta Aadanaha]] (169aad ee 193 wadan). Inta badan dadku waxay ku nool yihiin xeebta waxayna ka shaqeeyaan [[Beeraha Senegal|beeraha ama warshadaha kale ee cuntada]]; warshadaha kale ee waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah macdanta, dalxiiska, iyo adeegyada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Systematic Country Diagnostic of Senegal|date=4 October 2018|publisher=World Bank|doi=10.1596/30852|hdl=10986/30852|s2cid=240089232|url=http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/336611539873310474/Senegal-Systematic-Country-Diagnostic }}&lt;/ref&gt; La'aanta taariikhiga ahayd ee khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee Senegal waxay u weecisay dadaallada dhanka kordhinta akhris-qoraalka iyo guulaha waxbarashada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Why Senegal, a small country, is good at providing international organisations with leaders |url=https://www.dandc.eu/en/article/why-senegal-small-country-good-providing-international-organisations-leaders |access-date=30 November 2022 |website=D+C |date=21 November 2014 |language=en |archive-date=30 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130121716/https://www.dandc.eu/en/article/why-senegal-small-country-good-providing-international-organisations-leaders |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Senegal waa xubin ka tirsan [[Midowga Afrika]], Qaramada Midoobay, [[Guddiga Dhaqaalaha ee Galbeedka Afrika]] (ECOWAS), [[Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Francophonie]], [[Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka]], iyo [[Aagga Sahel iyo Saxaraha]].

== Asalka Magaca ==
Dalka Senegal waxaa loogu magac daray [[Webiga Senegal]]. Magaca webiga wuxuu ka imaan karaa fasiraadda luqadda [[Af-Boortaqiis|Boortaqiiska]] ee magaca [[Af-Zenaga|Zenaga]], oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan [[Sanhaja]].&lt;ref name=&quot;fass&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://theculturetrip.com/africa/senegal/articles/the-real-story-behind-senegals-name/|title=The Real Story Behind Senegal's Name|first=Beetle|last=Holloway|website=Culture Trip|date=31 May 2018|access-date=31 December 2018|archive-date=6 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206024446/https://theculturetrip.com/africa/senegal/articles/the-real-story-behind-senegals-name/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale, waxay noqon kartaa isku darka ilaaha ugu sarreeya ee [[Diinta Serer|diinta Serer-ka]] (''Rog Sene'') iyo ''o gal,'' oo macnaheedu yahay ‘''biyo’'' marka loo eego [[Af-Serer|luqadda Serer]]. Qoraaga iyo wadaadka reer Faransiis David Boilat wuxuu soo jeediyay in magacu ka yimid weedha [[Af-Wolof|Wolof-ka]] ee ah &quot;sunuu gaal&quot;, oo macnaheedu yahay &quot;doonteenna&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Holloway |first=Beetle |date=31 May 2018 |title=The Real Story Behind Senegal's Name |url=https://theculturetrip.com/africa/senegal/articles/the-real-story-behind-senegals-name/ |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=Culture Trip |archive-date=6 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206024446/https://theculturetrip.com/africa/senegal/articles/the-real-story-behind-senegals-name/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist}}

{{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}}
{{Dalalka Afrika}}
[[Category:Wadamada Afrika]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Togo</title>
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      <text bytes="15974" sha1="fstokhhh4q75f1v1pzfzpbpabuzjr1f" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Togo
| common_name            = Togo
| native_name            = {{native name|fr|République togolaise|fontsize=100%}}
| image_flag             = Flag of Togo.svg
| image_coat             = Emblem of Togo.svg
| coa_size               = 70
| symbol_type            = Coat of arms
| national_motto         = {{lang|fr|&quot;Travail, Liberté, Patrie&quot;|italics=no}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.africanlegislaturesproject.org/content/constitution-togo|title=Constitution of Togo|year=2002|access-date=20 November 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120214090412/http://www.africanlegislaturesproject.org/content/constitution-togo|archive-date=14 February 2012|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;({{Langx|en|&quot;Shaqo, Xorriyad, Hooyo&quot;}})
| national_anthem        = {{lang|fr|&quot;[[Salut à toi, pays de nos aïeux|Terre de nos aïeux]]&quot;|italics=no}}&lt;br /&gt;({{Langx|en|&quot;Dhulkii awoweyashay&quot;}}){{parabr}}{{center|[[File:Togolese national anthem.ogg]]}}
| image_map              = {{Switcher|[[File:Togo (orthographic projection).svg|Show globe|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Africa|default=1}}
| map_caption            = 
| capital                = [[Lomé]]
| coordinates            = {{Coord|6|8|N|1|13|E|type:city|display=inline}}
| largest_city           = Lomé
| official_languages     = [[Af-Fransiis|Fransiis]]
| languages_type         = Luqadaha loogu hadlo
| languages              = {{collapsible list|bullets=y|title={{nobold|Liiska:}}
|[[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriisi]]
|[[Af-Fransiis|Fransiis]]
|[[Af-Ewe|Ewe]]
|[[Luqadaha Gbe|Gbe]]
|[[Luqadaha Gur|Gur]]
|[[Luqadaha Kwa|Kwa]]
|[[Af-Kabiye|Kabiye]]
|[[Af-Talni|Talensi]]
|[[Lahjada Wasa|Wasa]]
|[[Af-Aguna|Aguna]]
|[[Af-Adja|Aja]]
|[[Af-Ngangam|Ngangam]]
|[[Af-Ntcham|Ntcham]]
|[[Af-Tammari|Tammari]]
|[[Af-Tem|Tem]]
|[[Af-Ifè|Ifè]]
|[[Af-Yoruba|Yoruba]]
}}
| ethnic_groups          = {{collapsible list|title_style=nobold|title={{nobold|[[Dadka Togo|Afrikaan]] (94.4%)}}&lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Togo|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/togo/|website=CIA World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|access-date=26 October 2017|archive-date=12 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012171517/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/togo/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[Aja (qoomiyad)|Aja]], [[Ewe (qoomiyad)|Ewe]] iyo [[Af-Gen|Mina]] (42.4%)
|[[Kabye (qoomiyad)|Kabye]] iyo [[Tem (qoomiyad)|Tem]] (25.9%)
|[[Akan (qoomiyad)|Akan]] iyo [[Gurma (qoomiyad)|Gurma]] (17.1%)
|[[Kposo (qoomiyad)|Kposo]] iyo [[Af-Kebu|Akebu]] (4.1%)
|[[Ana (qoomiyad)|Ana-Ife]] (3.2%)
|Kooxaha kale ee Galbeedka Afrika (1.7%)}}
[[Dadka Togo|aan-Afrikaan ahayn]] (5.6%)&lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot; /&gt;
| religion               = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap;
  |50% [[Masiixiyad]]
  |33% [[Diimaha dhaqanka ee Afrika|diimaha dhaqanka]]
  |16% [[Islaamka Togo|Islaam]]
  |1% [[Diinta Baháʼí]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?u=221c | title=National Profiles | access-date=7 March 2026 | url-status=live | archive-date=6 March 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306005400/https://www.thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?u=221c }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| religion_year          = 2025
| demonym                = [[Dadka Togo|Reer Togo]]
| government_type        = [[Jamhuuriyad baarlamaan oo midaysan]] oo hoos tanaasusha kalataliye nidaam kali-talis ah oo [[Keligii-talisnimo dhaxaltooyo ah|dhaxaltooyo ah]]
| leader_title1          = [[Madaxweynaha Togo|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1           = [[Jean-Lucien Savi de Tové]]
| leader_title2          = [[Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Togo|Ra'iisul Wasaare]]
| leader_name2           = [[Faure Gnassingbé]]
| legislature            = [[Baarlamaanka Togo|Baarlamaan]]
| upper_house            = [[Aqalka Sare (Togo)|Aqalka Sare]]
| lower_house            = [[Golaha Shacabka (Togo)|Golaha Shacabka]]
| sovereignty_type       = [[Taariikhda Togo|Taariikhda aasaaska]]
| sovereignty_note       = 
| established_event1     = [[Togoland|Togoland-tii Jarmalka]]
| established_date1      = 5 Luulyo 1884
| established_event2     = [[Togoland-tii Faransiiska]]
| established_date2      = 27 Agoosto 1914
| established_event3     = Madax-bannaanida ka qaadashada [[Faransiiska]]
| established_date3      = 27 Abriil 1960
| established_event4     = [[Xubinnimada Qaramada Midoobay|Ku biirista]] [[Qaramada Midoobay|QM]]
| established_date4      = 20 Sebtembar 1960
| established_event5     = [[Dastuurka Togo|Dastuurka hadda jira]]
| established_date5      = 6 Maayo 2024
| area_km2               = 56,785&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Togo country profile |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14106781 |website=BBC News |access-date=27 January 2021 |date=24 February 2020 |archive-date=14 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014182000/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14106781 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://voyage.gouv.tg/ |title=Accueil - Voyage Togo |access-date=2 March 2024 |archive-date=8 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108215213/https://voyage.gouv.tg/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_rank              = 123aad
| area_sq_mi             = 22,008
| percent_water          = 4.2
| population_census      = 8,095,498&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Togo-Les résultats définitifs du 5e RGPH |url=https://icilome.com/2023/04/togo-les-resultats-definitifs-du-5e-rgph/ |website=Icilome |access-date=1 September 2023 |date=4 April 2023 |archive-date=1 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901233655/https://icilome.com/2023/04/togo-les-resultats-definitifs-du-5e-rgph/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_census_year = 2022
| population_census_rank = 
| population_estimate    = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 9,583,381&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Togo|access-date=31 October 2024|year=2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2024
| population_estimate_rank = 101aad
| population_density_km2 = 125.9
| population_density_sq_mi = 243
| population_density_rank = 
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $33.050 bilyan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april |language=en |access-date=9 October 2025 |archive-date=28 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428212902/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/April |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2025
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 147aad
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $3,470&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april |language=en |access-date=9 October 2025 |archive-date=28 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428212902/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/April |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 166aad
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase}} $10.020 bilyan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april |language=en |access-date=9 October 2025 |archive-date=28 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428212902/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/April |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2025
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 151aad
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $1,050&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april |language=en |access-date=9 October 2025 |archive-date=28 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428212902/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/April |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 171aad
| Gini                   = 43.1
| Gini_year              = 2015
| Gini_change            = hoos u dhacay
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref name=&quot;wb-gini&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |access-date=16 July 2021 |archive-date=27 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727172441/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank              = 
| HDI_year               = 2023 
| HDI_change             = kordhay
| HDI                    = 0.571 
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=6 May 2025|title=Human Development Report 2023/2024|url=https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/specific-country-data#/countries/TGO|access-date=6 May 2025|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|language=en|archive-date=12 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812054834/https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/specific-country-data#/countries/TGO|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 161aad
| currency               = [[Faranka CFA ee Galbeedka Afrika]]
| currency_code          = XOF
| utc_offset             = +00:00
| time_zone              = [[Wakhtiga Greenwich|GMT]]
| date_format            = dd/mm/yyyy
| drives_on              = midig
| calling_code           = [[Lambarrada taleefanka ee Togo|+228]]
| cctld                  = [[.tg]]
| footnote_a             = Sida [[Af-Ewe|Ewe]], Mina iyo [[Af-Adja|Aja]].
| footnote_b             = Kuwa ugu waaweyn waa [[Ewe (qoomiyad)|Ewe]], Mina, [[Tem (qoomiyad)|Kotokoli Tem]] iyo [[Kabye (qoomiyad)|Kabyè]].
| footnote_c             = Inta badan reer Yurub, Hindi iyo Suuriyaan-Lubnaaniis.
| footnote_d             = Qiyaasaha dalkan waxay si cad xisaabta ugu darayaan saamaynta dhimashada dheeraadka ah ee ay sababto cudurka AIDS; tani waxay keeni kartaa rajada nolosha oo hoos u dhacda, dhimashada dhallaanka iyo heerarka dhimashada oo sarreeya, tirada dadka iyo heerarka koritaanka oo hooseeya, iyo isbeddelada qaybinta dadka marka loo eego da'da iyo jinsiga marka loo eego sidii kale ee laga filayay.
| footnote_e             = Qiimaynta waxay ku salaysan tahay tirooyinka 2017 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260118042609/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/togo/ ''CIA World Factbook'' – &quot;Togo&quot;])
| today                  = 
}}
'''Togo''',{{efn|{{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Togo.ogg|ˈ|t|oʊ|ɡ|oʊ}} {{respell|TOH|goh}}; {{IPA|fr|toɡo|lang}}}} si rasmi ahna loo yiraahdo '''Jamhuuriyadda Togo''',{{efn|{{langx|fr|République togolaise}}}} waa dal ku yaal [[Galbeedka Afrika]]. Waxaa dacallada ka xiga [[Gana]] dhanka [[Xudduudda Gana iyo Togo|galbeedka]], [[Benin]] dhanka [[Xudduudda Benin iyo Togo|bariga]] iyo [[Burkina Faso]] dhanka [[Xudduudda Burkina Faso iyo Togo|waqooyiga]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Republic of Togo&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Republic of Togo |url=https://www.isdb.org/togo |access-date=26 January 2021 |publisher=[[Islamic Development Bank]] |date=18 November 1998 |language=en |archive-date=3 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203143436/https://www.isdb.org/togo |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waa mid ka mid ah [[Waddamada ugu horumarsan yaryar|waddamada ugu horumarsan yaryar]] ee adduunka. Waxay ku fidsan tahay waqooyiga laga bilaabo [[Gacanka Guinea]] (halkaas oo ay ku taallo [[caasimad|caasimaddeeda]], [[Lomé]]) ilaa xudduudda Burkina Faso iyo Togo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Republic of Togo&quot; /&gt; Waa dal yar oo kuleyl ah, kaas oo ku fadhiya {{convert|57,000|km2|sqmi|-3|abbr=off}}&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt; lehna [[Dadka|dad]] gaaraya qiyaastii 8 milyan.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt; Ballaceedu wuxuu ka yar yahay {{convert|115|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} inta u dhaxaysa Gana iyo deriskeeda bari ee Benin.{{UN_Population|ref}}

Dad kala duwan ayaa degay xudduudaha Togo-da maanta intii dhaxeysay qarniyadii 11aad iyo 16aad. Intii dhexaysay qarniyadii 16aad iyo 18aad, gobolka xeebta wuxuu inta badan u adeegi jiray xarun [[Ganacsiga addoomada ee Atlaantikada|ganacsiga addoomada ee reer Yurub]], taasoo Togo iyo gobolka ku xeeran ku radday magaca &quot;[[Xeebta Addoomada ee Galbeedka Afrika|Xeebta Addoomada]]&quot;. Sanadkii 1884, xilligii [[u-tartanka Afrika]], [[Boqortooyadii Jarmalka|Jarmalka]] ayaa gobolka ka aasaasay dhul maxmiyad ah oo loo bixiyay [[Togoland]]. Ka dib [[Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka]], Togo waxaa lagu wareejiyay [[Faransiiska]] iyadoo wadata xudduudaheeda hadda jira. Togo waxay madax-bannaanideeda ka qaadatay Faransiiska sanadkii 1960.&lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;icye.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Togo (Partner) – International Cultural Youth Exchange |url=https://www.icye.org/icye-in-the-world/togo/ |website=International cultural youth exchange |access-date=27 January 2021 |archive-date=8 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608015225/https://www.icye.org/icye-in-the-world/togo/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 1967, [[Gnassingbé Eyadéma]] ayaa hoggaamiyay [[Inqilaabkii Togo ee 1967|afgambi milatari oo guulaystay]] wuxuuna noqday madaxweynaha dal nidaamkiisu yahay hal xisbi oo ka horjeeda hanti-wadaagga. Sanadkii 1993, Eyadéma wuxuu la kulmay doorashooyin xisbiyo badan oo ay hareeyeen wax-is-daba-marin, wuxuuna ku guulaystay madaxtinimada saddex jeer. Xilligii uu dhintay, Eyadéma wuxuu ahaa &quot;hoggaamiyaha ugu muddada dheeraa taariikhda casriga ah ee [[Afrika]]&quot;, isagoo madaxweyne ahaa muddo 38 sano ah.&lt;ref name=Obituary&gt;[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/830774.stm &quot;Obituary: Gnassingbe Eyadema&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630191246/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/830774.stm |date=30 June 2018 }} . (5 Febraayo 2005). [[BBC News]]. Dib loo helay 22 Maayo 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2005, wiilkiisa [[Faure Gnassingbé]] ayaa loo doortay madaxweyne.

Togo waa dal [[Dhulalka kuleylaha|kuleyl ah]], oo dhaca [[Afrika ka hooseysa Saxaraha|Saxaraha ka hooseeya]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Republic of Togo&quot;/&gt; kaas oo dhaqaalihiisu uu inta badan ku tiirsan yahay beeraha.&lt;ref name=&quot;icye.org&quot;/&gt; Luqadda rasmiga ah waa [[Af-Fransiis|Fransiis]],&lt;ref name=&quot;icye.org&quot;/&gt; laakiin [[Luqadaha Togo|luqado kale ayaa loogu hadlaa]], gaar ahaan kuwa ka tirsan [[Luqadaha Gbe|qoyska Gbe]]. [[Masiixiyiin|Masiixiyiinta]] waxay ka dhigtaan 47.8% dadka dalka, taas oo ka dhigaysa kooxda diimeed ee ugu weyn dalka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Togo |date=2023-01-11 |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/togo/#people-and-society |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |language=en |access-date=2023-01-13 |archive-date=12 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012171517/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/togo/#people-and-society |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Togo waa xubin ka tirsan [[Qaramada Midoobay]], [[Midowga Afrika]], [[Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka]], [[Aagga Nabadda iyo Iskaashiga ee Koonfurta Atlaantikada]], [[Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Francophonie|Francophonie]], [[Barwaaqo-sooranka]], iyo [[Aagga Dhaqaalaha ee Galbeedka Afrika]].

== Asalka  magaca==
Magaca Togo wuxuu ka dhigan yahay &quot;biyaha dhinacooda&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Peoples of Africa: Togo-Zimbabwe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rlz2bWRPmvgC&amp;pg=PA531 |year=2001 |publisher=Marshall Cavendish|isbn=978-0-7614-7168-4|page=531}}&lt;/ref&gt; ama &quot;badda gadaasheeda&quot;,&lt;ref name=&quot;Togo1920s&quot;/&gt; waxaana laga soo qaatay luqadda [[Af-Ewe|Ewe]] ''to'' (&quot;biyo&quot;) iyo ''go'' (&quot;xeeb&quot;). Markii hore wuxuu ula jeeday oo qura magaalada Togo (haddaba ah [[Togoville]]), markii dambena Jarmalku waxay magaca ku ballariyeen dalka oo dhan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Togo1920s&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Dawnay|first=Guy Payan |title=The Army Quarterly| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vWAPAQAAIAAJ |year=1926|publisher=William Clowes &amp; Sons, Ltd.|page=315 |quote=In the Ewe language the name ''Togo'' means &quot;Behind the Sea,&quot; and it was extended to the whole country by the Germans, as Dr. [[Gustav Nachtigal|Nachtigal]]'s first treaty in 1884 was made with the Chief of Togo.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist}}

{{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}}
{{Dalalka Afrika}}
[[Category:Wadamada Afrika]]</text>
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      <text bytes="27323" sha1="6klrb96dxwrdg3shs9cq8dt9rwq1q6h" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name      = Jamhuuriyadda Côte d'Ivoire
| common_name                 = Ivory Coast
| native_name                 = {{ublist|{{native name|fr|République de Côte d'Ivoire}}|{{native name|dyu|Kɔdiwari Jamana}}}}
| image_flag                  = Flag of Côte d'Ivoire.svg
| image_coat                  = Coat of Arms of the Ivory Coast.svg
| coa_size                    = 100
| national_motto              = {{native phrase|fr|'Union – Discipline – Travail'|italics=off}}&lt;br /&gt;'Midnimo – Edbitaan – Hawl'
| national_anthem             = {{lang|fr|[[L'Abidjanaise]]}}&lt;br /&gt;({{Langx|en|&quot;Heestii Abidjan&quot;}})

[[File:United States Navy Band - National Anthem of Côte D'Ivoire &quot;L'Abidjanaise&quot;.ogg]]

{{parabr}}{{center|}}
| image_map                   = {{Switcher|
[[File:Côte d'Ivoire (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]
|Muuji khariidadda Afrika|default=1}}
| map_caption                 = 
| image_map2                  = 
| capital                     = [[Yamoussoukro]]
| coordinates                 = {{Coord|6|51|N|5|18|W|type:city}}
| largest_city                = [[Abidjan]]
| official_languages          = [[Af-Faransiiska Afrika|Faransiis]]
| languages_type              = Luuqadaha&lt;br /&gt;waddaniga ah
| languages                   = {{hlist|[[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriis]]|[[Af-Faransiis|Faransiis]]|[[Af-Carabi]]|[[Luuqadaha Bété|Bété]]|[[Luuqadda Dyula|Dyula]]|[[Luuqadda Baoulé|Baoulé]]|[[Lahjada Bono|Abron]]|[[Luuqadda Agni|Agni]]|[[Luuqadaha Senufo|Senoufo]]|[[Luuqadaha Ivory Coast|kuwo kale]]}}
| ethnic_groups               = {{tree list}}
* 78.0% Reer Ivory Coast
* * 38.0% [[Dadka Akan|Akan]]
* * 22.0% [[Dadka Mandé|Mande-ta Woqooyi]]
* * 22.0% Voltaiques/Gur
* * 9.1% [[Dadka Kru|Kru]]
* * 8.6% [[Dadka Mandé|Mande-ta Koonfureed]]
* * 0.3% dadka jinsiyadda la siiyay ee Ivory Coast
* 22.0% [[Astaamaha dadka ee Ivory Coast|Ajaanib]]&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;
{{tree list/end}}
| ethnic_groups_ref           = &lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot; /&gt;
| ethnic_groups_year          = Tiriya dowladda ee 2021
| religion                    = {{Ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|42.5% [[Islaamka ee Ivory Coast|Islaam]]
|{{Tree list}}
* 39.8% [[Masiixiyad]]
* * 17.0% [[Kaniisadda Kaatooligga ee Ivory Coast|Kaatoolig]]
* * 22.8% [[Masiixi]] kale
{{Tree list/end}}
|12.6% [[Diin la'aan|diin lahayn]]
|2.2% [[Diimaha hiddaha ah ee Afrika|diimaha hiddaha ah]]
|0.7% diimo kale
|2.2% aan ka jawaabin
  }}
| religion_year               = Tiriya dowladda ee 2021
| religion_ref                = &lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot; /&gt;
| demonym                     = {{unbulleted list|[[Dadka Ivory Coast|Ivorian]]|Reer Ivory Coast}}
| government_type             = Jamhuuriyad [[Nidaamka madaxtooyada|madaxtooyo]] oo midaysan
| leader_title1               = [[Liiska madaxda gobolka ee Ivory Coast|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1                = [[Alassane Ouattara]]
| leader_title2               = [[Madaxweyne ku-xigeenka Ivory Coast|Madaxweyne ku-xigeen]]
| leader_name2                = [[Tiémoko Meyliet Koné]]
| leader_title3               = [[Liiska madaxda xukuumadda ee Ivory Coast|Ra'iisul Wasaare]]
| leader_name3                = [[Robert Beugré Mambé]]
| leader_title4               = Ra'iisul Wasaare ku-xigeen
| leader_name4                = [[Téné Birahima Ouattara]]
| legislature                 = [[Baarlamaanka Ivory Coast]]
| upper_house                 = [[Aqoalka Sare ee Ivory Coast|Aqalka Sare]]
| lower_house                 = [[Golaha Shacabka (Ivory Coast)|Golaha Shacabka]]
| sovereignty_type            = [[Taariikhda Ivory Coast|Taariikhda]]
| established_event1          = Aasaaskii Jamhuuriyadda
| established_date1           = 4 Diseembar 1958
| established_event2          = [[Xorriyadda]] ka qaadashada Faransiiska
| established_date2           = 7 Agoosto 1960
| area_km2                    = 322,462
| area_rank                   = 68aad &lt;!-- Should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --&gt;
| area_sq_mi                  = 124,502 &lt;!--Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]]--&gt;
| percent_water               = 1.4&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Côte d'Ivoire|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cote-divoire/|website=The World Factbook|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] Directorate of Intelligence|date=30 March 2022|access-date=16 March 2022|archive-date=9 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109221218/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cote-divoire|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate         = 31,500,000&lt;ref name=&quot;2024_data_sheet&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 World Population Data Sheet|url=https://2024-wpds.prb.org/africa/#western-africa|author=[[Population Reference Bureau]]|access-date=11 December 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year    = Luulyo 2024
| population_estimate_rank    = 49aad
| population_census           = 29,389,150&lt;ref name=&quot;census_2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=RGPH 2021 Résultats globaux|url=https://www.ins.ci/RGP2021/RGPH2021-RESULTATS%20GLOBAUX_VF.pdf|author=[[Institut National de la Statistique de Côte d'Ivoire]]|access-date=9 August 2022|archive-date=4 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404151119/https://www.ins.ci/RGP2021/RGPH2021-RESULTATS%20GLOBAUX_VF.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_census_year      = Diseembar 2021
| population_density_km2      = 97.7
| population_density_sq_mi    = 236 &lt;!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--&gt;
| population_density_rank     = 139aad
| GDP_PPP                     = {{increase}} $202.647 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.CI&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (CI)|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=662,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2020&amp;ey=2028&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1|website=IMF.org|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]|date=10 October 2023|access-date=14 October 2023|archive-date=3 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203145913/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=662,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2020&amp;ey=2028&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year                = 2023
| GDP_PPP_rank                = 78aad
| GDP_PPP_per_capita          = {{increase}} $6,960&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.CI&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank     = 138aad
| GDP_nominal                 = {{increase}} $79.430 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.CI&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year            = 2023
| GDP_nominal_rank            = 84aad
| GDP_nominal_per_capita      = {{increase}} $2,728&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.CI&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 141aad
| Gini                        = 35.3 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_year                   = 2021
| Gini_change                 = decrease &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref                    = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Gini Index coefficient|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/|publisher=[[The World Factbook]]|access-date=24 September 2024|archive-date=4 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204222738/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank                   = 
| HDI                         = 0.582 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_year                    = 2023&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change                  = increase&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI_ref                     = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Human Development Report 2025|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|language=en|date=6 May 2025|access-date=6 May 2025|archive-date=6 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506051232/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank                    = 157aad
| currency                    = [[CFA franc-ga Galbeedka Afrika]]
| currency_code               = XOF
| utc_offset                  = ±00:00
| time_zone                   = [[Waqtiga Greenwich|GMT]]
| date_format                 = dd/mm/yyyy
| calling_code                = [[Lambarrada taleefanka ee Ivory Coast|+225]]
| iso3166code                 = CI
| cctld                       = [[.ci]]
| footnote_a                  = Waxaa ku jira qiyaastii 130,000 oo [[Dadka Lubnaan|Lubnaaniyiin ah]] iyo 14,000 oo [[Dadka Faransiiska|Faransiis ah]].
| footnotes                   = {{Notelist}}
| today                       = 
}}

'''Ivory Coast''', sidoo kale loo yaqaanno {{lang|fr|'''Côte d'Ivoire'''|italic=no}}{{Efn|Loo dhawaaqo {{IPAc-en|ˌ|k|oʊ|t|_|d|iː|ˈ|v|w|ɑːr}} {{respell|KOHT|_|dee|VWAR}} ee afka Ingiriisiga&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|title=Cambridge Dictionary: English Dictionary|access-date=26 July 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo {{IPA|fr|kot divwaʁ||Fr-Côte-d'Ivoire-fr-Paris.ogg}} ee afka Faransiiska.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite dictionary|title=Cote d'Ivoire definition|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cote%20d%27ivoire|access-date=23 May 2014|archive-date=23 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723020443/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cote%20d%27ivoire|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} si rasmi ahna loo yagooray '''Jamhuuriyadda Côte d'Ivoire''', waa dal ku yaalla xeebta koonfureed ee [[Galbeedka Afrika]]. Caasimaddiisa, [[Yamoussoukro]], waxay ku taal bartamaha dalka, halka [[Abidjan]] ay tahay magaalada ugu weyn iyo xarunta dhaqaalaha. Waxay xuduud la leedahay [[Gini]] dhanka [[Xadka Gini iyo Ivory Coast|waqooyi-galbeed]], [[Laybeeriya]] dhanka [[Xadka Ivory Coast iyo Laybeeriya|galbeed]], [[Maali]] dhanka [[Xadka Ivory Coast iyo Maali|waqooyi-galbeed]], [[Burkiina Faaso]] dhanka [[Xadka Burkiina Faaso iyo Ivory Coast|waqooyi-bari]], [[Gana]] dhanka [[Xadka Gana iyo Ivory Coast|bari]], iyo [[Gacanka Gini]] ee [[Badweynta Atlaantik|Atlaantiga]] dhanka koonfureed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite thesis|title=ADDING A SOURCE CODE SEARCHING CAPABILITY TO YIOOP|url=https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.nk56-uyfc|publisher=San Jose State University Library|url-access=subscription|last=Parvatneni|first=Snigdha Rao|date=2013|doi=10.31979/etd.nk56-uyfc}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyadoo leh 31.5 milyan oo qof sanadkii 2024, Ivory Coast waa [[Liiska waddamada Afrika marka loo eego tirada dadka|dalka saddexaad ee ugu dadka badan]] Galbeedka Afrika.&lt;ref name=&quot;2024_data_sheet&quot; /&gt; Luuqaddeeda rasmiga ah waa [[Af-Faransiis|Faransiis]], luuqadaha waddaniga ahna si ballaaran ayaa loo isticmaalaa, oo ay ku jiraan [[Luuqadaha Bété|Bété]], [[Luuqadda Baoulé|Baoulé]], [[Luuqadda Dyula|Dyula]], [[Luuqadda Dan|Dan]], [[Luuqadda Anyin|Anyin]], iyo [[Luuqadaha Senari|Cebaara Senufo]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Republic of Côte d'Ivoire|url=https://achpr.au.int/en/member-states/cote-divoire|website=African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights|language=en|access-date=30 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isku gaddoon, waxaa jira ku dhawaad 78 [[Luuqadaha Ivory Coast|luuqadood oo loogu hadlo Ivory Coast]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt; Dalku wuxuu leeyahay [[Diinta ee Ivory Coast|shacab kala diimo ah]], oo ay ku jiraan taageerayaal badan oo [[Islaamka ee Ivory Coast|Islaamka]], [[Masiixiyadda ee Ivory Coast|Masiixiyadda]] iyo [[Diimaha hiddaha ah ee Afrika|diimaha hiddaha ah]] oo badanaa wata [[animism]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:religions2021&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=RECENSEMENT GENERAL DE LA POPULATION ET DE L'HABITAT 2021 RESULTATS GLOBAUX DEFINITIFS|url=https://www.caidp.ci/uploads/7113b93cc641ba78c591e9f79a4e729c.pdf|website=Institut National de la Statistique (INS)|language=fr|date=October 2022|access-date=5 August 2023|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814112828/https://www.caidp.ci/uploads/7113b93cc641ba78c591e9f79a4e729c.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ivory Coast waxay ahaan jirtay hoy u ahaa dhowr dawladood, oo ay ku jiraan [[Gyaman|Gyaaman]], [[Boqortooyadii Kong]], iyo [[Dadka Baoulé|Baoulé]]. Deegaanku wuxuu noqday [[maxmiyad]] Faransiis ah sanadkii 1843 waxaana loo adkeeyay sidii [[Liiska gumeysigii Faransiiska|gumeysi Faransiis]] sanadkii 1893 intii lagu jiray [[Tartankii Afrika]]. Waxay xorriyadda qaadatay sanadkii 1960, iyadoo uu hoggaaminayay [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny]], oo xukumay dalka ilaa 1993. Marka loo eego heerarka gobolka, Ivory Coast waxay xiriir dhow oo dhanka siyaasadda iyo dhaqaalaha ah la lahayd dariskeeda Galbeedka Afrika iyadoo sii haysata xiriir dhow oo ay la leedahay [[Isbahaysiga Galbeedka|Galbeedka]], [[Françafrique|gaar ahaan Faransiiska]]. Degganaanshaheedii waxaa ruxay [[Inqilaabkii Ivory Coast ee 1999|inqilaab dhacay 1999]] iyo laba dagaal sokeeye—kii koowaad [[Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Koowaad ee Ivory Coast|guntii 2002 iyo 2007]]&lt;ref name=&quot;loi&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|title=Loi n° 2000-513 du 1er août 2000 portant Constitution de la République de Côte d'Ivoire|url=http://www.jfaconseil.com/jorci/2000/RCI%20JO%202000-30.pdf|volume=42|journal=Journal Officiel de la République de Côte d'Ivoire|issue=30|pages=529–538|language=fr|date=3 August 2000|archive-date=25 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325153412/http://www.jfaconseil.com/jorci/2000/RCI%20JO%202000-30.pdf|url-status=dead}},&lt;/ref&gt; iyo markale [[Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Labaad ee Ivory Coast|intii u dhaxeysay 2010–2011]]. Waxay qaadatay [[Dastuurka Ivory Coast|dastuur cusub]] sanadkii 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ivory Coast backs new constitution in landslide vote, opposition cries foul|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20161102-ivory-coast-approves-new-constitution-referendum-opposition-boycott|date=2 November 2016|access-date=8 March 2023|archive-date=26 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326030516/https://www.france24.com/en/20161102-ivory-coast-approves-new-constitution-referendum-opposition-boycott|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ivory Coast waa jamhuuriyad leh awood fulineed oo xooggan oo la siiyay [[Liiska madaxda gobolka ee Ivory Coast|madaxweynaheeda]]. Iyadoo loo marayo [[Waxsoosaarka kafeega ee Ivory Coast|waxsoosaarka koofiga]] iyo [[Waxsoosaarka kookaha ee Ivory Coast|kookaha]], waxay ahayd quwadda dhaqaalaha ee Galbeedka Afrika intii lagu jiray 1960-gii iyo 1970-gii, ka dibna waxay la kulantay dhibaato dhaqaale 1980-gii, taasi oo gacan ka geysatay xilli qas siyaasadeed iyo mid bulsho ah oo sii dheeraaday ilaa 2011. Ivory Coast waxay haddana la kulantay korriin dhaqaale oo sarreeya tan iyo markii ay soo laabatay nabadda iyo degganaanshaha siyaasadeed ee 2011. Laga soo bilaabo 2012 ilaa 2023, dhaqaaluhu wuxuu ku koray celcelis ahaan 7.1% sannadkii [[Waxsoosaarka Guud ee Gudaha|marka la eego dhabta]], waana heerka labaad ee ugu dhaqsiyaha badan ee korriinka dhaqaalaha ee Afrika iyo kan afraad ee ugu dhaqsiyaha badan adduunka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=World Economic Outlook database: October 2023|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=512,914,612,171,614,311,213,911,314,193,122,912,313,419,513,316,913,124,339,638,514,218,963,616,223,516,918,748,618,624,522,622,156,626,628,228,924,233,632,636,634,238,662,960,423,935,128,611,321,243,248,469,253,642,643,939,734,644,819,172,132,646,648,915,134,652,174,328,258,656,654,336,263,268,532,944,176,534,536,429,433,178,436,136,343,158,439,916,664,826,542,967,443,917,544,941,446,666,668,672,946,137,546,674,676,548,556,678,181,867,682,684,273,868,921,948,943,686,688,518,728,836,558,138,196,278,692,694,962,142,449,564,565,283,853,288,293,566,964,182,359,453,968,922,714,862,135,716,456,722,942,718,724,576,936,961,813,726,199,733,184,524,361,362,364,732,366,144,146,463,528,923,738,578,537,742,866,369,744,186,925,869,746,926,466,112,111,298,927,846,299,582,487,474,754,698,&amp;s=NGDP_R,&amp;sy=2011&amp;ey=2023&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1|author=[[IMF]]|access-date=11 February 2024|archive-date=19 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219102804/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=512,914,612,171,614,311,213,911,314,193,122,912,313,419,513,316,913,124,339,638,514,218,963,616,223,516,918,748,618,624,522,622,156,626,628,228,924,233,632,636,634,238,662,960,423,935,128,611,321,243,248,469,253,642,643,939,734,644,819,172,132,646,648,915,134,652,174,328,258,656,654,336,263,268,532,944,176,534,536,429,433,178,436,136,343,158,439,916,664,826,542,967,443,917,544,941,446,666,668,672,946,137,546,674,676,548,556,678,181,867,682,684,273,868,921,948,943,686,688,518,728,836,558,138,196,278,692,694,962,142,449,564,565,283,853,288,293,566,964,182,359,453,968,922,714,862,135,716,456,722,942,718,724,576,936,961,813,726,199,733,184,524,361,362,364,732,366,144,146,463,528,923,738,578,537,742,866,369,744,186,925,869,746,926,466,112,111,298,927,846,299,582,487,474,754,698,&amp;s=NGDP_R,&amp;sy=2011&amp;ey=2023&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2023, Ivory Coast waxay lahayd GDP per capita-ga labaad ee ugu sarreeya Galbeedka Afrika, iyadoo ku xigta [[Cape Verde]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=World Economic Outlook database: October 2023|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=614,638,616,748,618,624,622,626,628,632,636,634,662,642,643,734,644,646,648,652,656,654,664,666,668,674,676,678,684,688,728,692,694,714,716,722,718,724,199,733,738,742,746,754,698,&amp;s=PPPPC,&amp;sy=2023&amp;ey=2023&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1|author=[[IMF]]|access-date=11 February 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Naas kasta oo ay taasi jirto, marka loo eego sahankii ugu dambeeyay ee 2016, 46.1% dadka waxaa weli saameyn ku haya [[Tusaha Saboolnimada ee Dhinacyada Badan|saboolnimada dhinacyada badan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Multidimensional Poverty Index 2023 Côte d'Ivoire|url=https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/Country-Profiles/MPI/CIV.pdf|website=United Nations Development Programme Human Development Reports|date=2023|access-date=15 April 2024|archive-date=16 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416190049/https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/Country-Profiles/MPI/CIV.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2023, Ivory Coast waa dalka ugu weyn adduunka ee dhoofiya digirta kookaha, wuxuuna leeyahay dakhli aad u sarreeya marka loo eego gobolkiisa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Cocoa beans, whole/broken, raw/roasted – Imports and Exports – 2023|url=https://trendeconomy.com/data/commodity_h2/180100#:~:text=Top%20exporters%20of%20Cocoa%20beans,%2D%205.38%25%20($417%20million)|publisher=Trendeconomy|date=7 November 2024|access-date=20 March 2024|archive-date=25 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241125140048/https://trendeconomy.com/data/commodity_h2/180100|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhaqaaluhu weli wuxux si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay beeraha, iyadoo [[Beeraleyda yaryar|beeraleyda yaryar]] ee soo saarta dalagyada lacagta lagu doonayo ay u badan yihiin.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot; /&gt;

==Asalka magaca==
Asal ahaan, [[Sahan badeedka Burtuqiiska|ganacsatada-sahamiyayaasha Burtuqiiska]] ee qarniyadii 15aad iyo 16aad waxay u qaybiyeen xeebta galbeed ee Afrika, si qallafsan, afar &quot;xeebood&quot; oo ka tarjumayay kheyraadka laga heli karo xeeb kasta. Xeebta ay u bixiyeen {{lang|pt|Costa do Marfim}}—oo macnaheedu yahay 'xeebta fool-maroodiga', loona turjumay Faransiis ahaan {{lang|fr|Côte d'Ivoire}}—waxay u dhaxaysay wixii loo yaqaanay {{lang|pt|Guiné de Cabo Verde}}, oo loo yaqaanay &quot;Gini-da Sare&quot; ee ku taal {{lang|fr|[[Cap-Vert]]|italic=no}}, iyo Gini-da Hoose.{{sfn|Thornton|1996|pp=53–56}}{{sfn|Lipski|2005|p=39}} Waxaa sidoo kale jiray [[Xeebta Basbaaska]], oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan &quot;Xeebta Siraadka&quot; (Laybeeriyada maanta), &quot;[[Xeebta Dahabka (gobo)|Xeebta Dahabka]]&quot; (Gana), iyo &quot;[[Xeebta Addoomaha ee Galbeedka Afrika|Xeebta Addoomaha]]&quot; (Toogo, Benin iyo Nayjeeriya). Sida kuwaas oo kale, magaca ''Ivory Coast'' wuxuu ka tarjumayay ganacsigii weynaa ee ka jiray qaybtaas gaarka ah ee xeebta: dhoofinta [[fool-maroodiga]].{{sfn|Duckett|1853|p=594}}{{sfn|Thornton|1996|pp=53–56}}{{sfn|Homans|1858|p=14}}{{sfn|Lipski|2005|p=39}}{{sfn|Plée|1868|p=146}}

Magacyada kale ee deegaanka loo yaqaanay waxaa ka mid ahaa {{lang|fr|Côte de Dents}},{{Efn|[[Joseph Vaissète]], buuggiisii 1755 ee {{lang|fr|Géographie historique, ecclésiastique et civile}}, wuxuu ku liisgreeyay magaca sidii {{lang|fr|La Côte des Dents}} ('Xeebta Ilkaha'), laakiin wuxuu xusay in {{lang|fr|Côte de Dents}} ay tahay qaabka ugu saxan.{{sfn|Vaissète|1755|pp=185–186}}|name=teeths}} oo macnaheedu yahay 'Xeebta Ilkaha', markale ka tarjumaysa ganacsiga fool-maroodiga;{{sfn|Blanchard|1818|p=57}}{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=100}}{{sfn|Duckett|1853|p=594}}{{sfn|Lipski|2005|p=39}}{{sfn|Plée|1868|p=146}}{{sfn|Walckenaer|1827|p=35}} {{lang|fr|Côte de Quaqua}}, oo loogu magac daray dadkii ay reer Holland u bixiyeen ''Quaqua'' (ama ''Kwa Kwa'');{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=100}}{{sfn|Thornton|1996|pp=53–56}}{{sfn|Vaissète|1755|pp=185–186}} Xeebta Shanta iyo Lixda Xariijimood, oo loogu magac daray nooc ka mid ah dharka cudbiga ah ee halkaas lagu gadan jiray;{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=100}} iyo ''Côte du Vent'',{{Efn|{{lang|fr|Côte du Vent}} mararka qaarkood waxay muujinaysay isku-darka xeebaha &quot;Ivory&quot; iyo &quot;Siraadka&quot;, ama mararka qaar xeebta &quot;Siraadka&quot; oo kaliya.{{sfn|Duckett|1853|p=594}}{{sfn|Thornton|1996|pp=53–56}}|name=vent}} Xeebta Dabaylaha, sababo la xiriira xaaladaha cimilada maxaliga ah ee xeebta ka baxsan.{{sfn|Duckett|1853|p=594}}{{sfn|Thornton|1996|pp=53–56}} Qarnigii 19aad, isticmaalku wuxuu u guuray {{lang|fr|Côte d'Ivoire}}.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=100}}

Xeebta dawladda casriga ahi si sax ah uma wada eka wixii ay ganacsatadii qarniyadii 15aad iyo 16aad u yaqaaneen xeebta &quot;Ilkaha&quot; ama &quot;Ivory&quot;, taasi oo loo haystay inay ka soo bilaabato [[Cape Palmas]] ilaa [[Cape Three Points]] taas oo hadda u qaybsan dawladaha casriga ah ee Gana iyo Ivory Coast (iyadoo qayb yar ay haysato Laybeeriya).{{sfn|Blanchard|1818|p=57}}{{sfn|Homans|1858|p=14}}{{sfn|Walckenaer|1827|p=35}}{{sfn|Vaissète|1755|pp=185–186}} Waxay sii haysatay magaca intii lagu jiray xukunkii Faransiiska iyo xorriyaddii 1960.&lt;ref name=&quot;WDL1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=The Ivory Coast|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/643|publisher=[[World Digital Library]]|access-date=16 February 2013|archive-date=4 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204073233/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/643/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Magaca muddo dheer ayaa si dhab ah loogu turjumay luuqado kale,{{Efn|Turjumaadaha dhabta ah waxaa ka mid ah {{langx|de|Elfenbeinküste}}, {{langx|it|Costa d'Avorio}}, {{langx|fi|Norsunluurannikko}}, {{langx|ru|Бе́рег Слоно́вой Ко́сти}}, iyo {{langx|en|Ivory Coast|italic=no}}.{{sfn|David|2000|p=7}}|name=trans}} taasi oo xukuumaddii xorriyadda ka dib ay u aragtay dhibaato sii kordheysa mar kasta oo xiriirkeeda caalamiga ah uu dhaafsiisanyahay fagaaraha ku hadla Af-Faransiiska. Sidaa darteed, bishii Abriil 1986, xukuumaddu waxay ku dhawaaqday in '''{{lang|fr|Côte d'Ivoire}}''' (ama, si buuxda, {{lang|fr|République de Côte d'Ivoire}}{{sfn|Auzias|Labourdette|2008|p=9}}) ay ahaan doonto magaceeda rasmiga ah ee ujeedooyinka hab-maamuuska dublamaasiyadeed, tan iyo markaasna waxay si rasmi ah u diidday inay aqoonsato wax turjumaad ah oo laga bixiyo Faransiiska loona turjumayo luuqado kale marka ay la macaamilayso caalamka.{{sfn|David|2000|p=7}}{{sfn|Lea|Rowe|2001|p=127}}{{sfn|Jessup|1998|p=351}} In kasta oo ay jirtay codsiga xukuumadda Ivory Coast, turjumaada Ingiriisiga ah ee &quot;Ivory Coast&quot; (badanaa &quot;''the'' Ivory Coast&quot;) ayaa weli si joogto ah loogu isticmaalaa Ingiriisiga meelo kala duwan oo warbaahinta iyo daabacadaha ah. Dawlado badan ayaa u isticmaala &quot;Côte d'Ivoire&quot; sababo dublamaasiyadeed, sida ay u isticmaalaan xarumahooda warbaahineed, sida [[CCTV News (Chinese)|CCTV News]] ee Shiinaha. Ururada kale ee isticmaala &quot;Côte d'Ivoire&quot; waxaa ka mid ah [[Central Intelligence Agency]] ee buuggooda ''[[The World Factbook|World Factbook]]''&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot; /&gt; iyo ururada isboortiga caalamiga ah ee [[FIFA]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=CAF Member Associations|url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/memberassociations.aspx|publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]]|access-date=20 July 2017|archive-date=25 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725110443/http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/memberassociations.aspx|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo [[Guddiga Olombikada Caalamiga ah|IOC]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Côte d'Ivoire|url=https://www.olympic.org/cote-d-voire|publisher=[[International Olympic Committee]]|access-date=20 July 2017|archive-date=18 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170718054551/https://www.olympic.org/cote-d-ivoire|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; (iyagoo tixraacaya [[Xulka kubadda cagta qaranka ee Ivory Coast|xulkooda kubadda cagta qaranka]] iyo kooxaha Olombikada ee ciyaaraha caalamiga ah iyo baahinta rasmiga ah), ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Cote d'Ivoire|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/139651/Cote-dIvoire|publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|access-date=20 June 2010|archive-date=18 June 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100618075934/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/139651/Cote-dIvoire|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo ''[[National Geographic Society]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Places Directory|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/destination/cote-divoire?source=A-to-Z|publisher=[[National Geographic Society]]|date=25 June 2008|access-date=20 June 2010|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308101113/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/destination/cote-divoire?source=A-to-Z|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[BBC]]-du badanaa waxay u isticmaashaa &quot;Ivory Coast&quot; labadaba warbixinnada wararka iyo boggeeda ku saabsan dalka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Country profile: Ivory Coast|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/1043014.stm|publisher=[[BBC News]]|date=24 February 2010|access-date=30 April 2010|archive-date=15 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100415042400/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/1043014.stm|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si la mid ah, ''[[The Economist]]'' wuxuu sheegayaa &quot;...Ivory Coast, ''faal'' Côte d'Ivoire...&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wroe|first=Ann|title=The Economist Style Guide: The Bestselling Guide to English Usage|url=https://archive.org/details/economiststylegu0000annw|publisher=Profile Books|year=2018|isbn=978 1 78125 831 6|edition=12th|location=Great Britain|page=[https://archive.org/details/economiststylegu0000annw/page/112 112]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]], [[Fox News]], ''[[The Times]]'', ''[[The New York Times]]'', [[Shirkadda Baahinta ee Koonfur Afrika]], iyo [[CBC News|Shirkadda Baahinta ee Kanada]] dhamaantood waxay u isticmaalaan &quot;Ivory Coast&quot; si gaar ah ama ugu weyn.{{Citation needed|date=February 2026}}
==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist}}

{{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}}
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[[Category:Xeebta Foolmaroodi]]
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  <page>
    <title>Gadabuursi</title>
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      <text bytes="127380" sha1="3pqeman6x9zljpejbonkkfhi9s0oigc" xml:space="preserve">'''Gadabuursi''' ({{lang-en|Gadabuursi}}), sidoo kale loo yaqaano ''Samaroon'', waa [[Beelaha Soomaalida|qabiil]] ka tirsan [[Dir|Beelaha Dir]], ee [[Dadka Soomaalida]].&lt;ref&gt;I.M Lewis (1959) {{cite web|url=https://arcadia.sba.uniroma3.it/bitstream/2307/4913/1/The%20Galla%20in%20northern%20Somaliland.pdf|title=The Galla in Northern Somaliland|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Beesha Gadabuursi waxay si rasmi ah u dagaan oo aad ugu badan yihiin isla markaana iska leeyihiin Gobolka [[Awdal]] ee dhacda waqooyiga dhulka [[Soomaali]]du degto.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[Awdal]] ee magaalo-madaxda u tahay [[magaalo|caasimada]] [[Borama]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaanay deegaan ahaan ku dhaqan yihiin degmooyinka [[Boorama]], [[Gebiley]], [[Baki]], [[Lughaya]] iyo [[Saylac]]. Dhinaca wadanka Itoobiya, beeshu waxay deegaan rasmi ah ku leedahay Degmada [[Awbare]] ee Gobolka Faafan, Degmada Dembel ee Gobolka Sitti iyo Dooxada Harawo.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://dspace-roma3.caspur.it/bitstream/2307/4150/1/Clanship,%20conflict%20and%20refugees_An%20introduction%20to%20Somalis%20in%20the%20Horn%20of%20Africa.pdf {{Wayback|url=http://dspace-roma3.caspur.it/bitstream/2307/4150/1/Clanship,%20conflict%20and%20refugees_An%20introduction%20to%20Somalis%20in%20the%20Horn%20of%20Africa.pdf |date=20161013144238 }} - CLANSHIP, CONFLICT AND REFUGEES: An Introduction to Somalis in the Horn of Africa - Guido Ambroso - Page 6&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_8D0gYZZVKEC|title=Voice and Power|last=Hayward|first=R. J.|last2=Lewis|first2=I. M.|date=2005-08-17|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135751753|page=242|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Infobox tribe|name=Gadabuursi&lt;br&gt; جادابورسي سمرون|image=File:The Tomb of Sheikh Samaroon.jpg|caption=Qabriga Sheekh Samaroon|ethnicity=Soomali|descended=Gadabuursi|parent_tribe=Dir|branches=
*[[Beesha Maxamed Case|Maxamed Case]]
*[[Makaahiil]]
*[[Beesha Habar Cafaan|Habar Cafaan]]|religion=[[Islam]] &lt;sup&gt;([[Sunni Islam|Sunni, Sufism]])&lt;/sup&gt;|language=[[Somali language|Somali]]&lt;br&gt;[[Carabi]]|type=Dir|location={{flagicon|Ethiopia}}[[Ethiopia]]&lt;br&gt;{{flagicon|Somaliland}}[[Somaliland]]&lt;br&gt;{{flagicon|Djibouti}}[[Djibouti]]}}

Gadabuursi juquraafi ahaan waxay ku kala baahsan yihiin saddex wadan: [[Itoobiya]], [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]] iyo [[Jabuuti]]. Dhammaan gobollada Gadabuursi ee [[Geeska Afrika (goob)|Geeska Afrika]] ku nool, [[Itoobiya]] waa waddanka ay ku nool yihiin qabiilka intiisa badan. Dhanka [[Itoobiya]], Beesha Gadabuursi inta badan waxaa laga helaa [[Soomaali Galbeed|Ismaamulka Soomaalida]], laakiin waxa ay sidoo kale deggan yihiin gobollada [[Herer|Harar]], [[Diridhabe|Diridhaba]] iyo Oromia.&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Burton|first=Richard|url=https://archive.org/details/firstfootstepsi00burtgoog|title=First Footsteps in East Africa|publisher=Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans|year=1856|isbn=|edition=1st|quote=and thence strikes south-westwards among the Gudabirsi and Girhi Somal, who extend within sight of Harar.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;The Red Sea Press&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lewis|first=I. M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P5AZyEhMtbkC&amp;q=dire+dawa+gadabursi&amp;pg=PA100|title=Saints and Somalis: Popular Islam in a Clan-based Society|publisher=The Red Sea Press|year=2000|isbn=9781569021033|page=11|format=PDF|quote=Including the land round Harar and Dire Dawa inhabited by the Somalis of the 'Iise and Gadabuursi clans.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;IDR/AAU&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Negatu|first=Workneh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d0CFAAAAIAAJ|title=Proceedings of the Workshop on Some Aspects of Rural Land Tenure in Ethiopia: Access, Use, and Transfer|last2=Research|first2=Addis Ababa University Institute of Development|last3=Center|first3=University of Wisconsin—Madison Land Tenure|last4=Foundation|first4=Ford|date=1 January 2004|publisher=IDR/AAU|isbn=|location=|page=43|language=en|quote=Page:43 : Somali Settlers, Gadabursi, Issa|via=}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;Morin 1995 140&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Morin|first=Didier|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ESOMi7W6Pj4C&amp;q=samarroon&amp;pg=PA141|title=Des paroles douces comme la soie: introduction aux contes dans l'aire couchitique (Bedja, Afar, Saho, Somali)|date=1995|publisher=Peeters Publishers|isbn=9789068316780|location=|page=140|language=fr|quote=The Gadabursi reside in Funyan Bira with the Oromo.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Lewis 100&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lewis|first=I. M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P5AZyEhMtbkC&amp;q=dire+dawa+gadabursi&amp;pg=PA100|title=Saints and Somalis: Popular Islam in a Clan-based Society|date=1 January 1998|publisher=The Red Sea Press|isbn=9781569021033|location=|pages=100|language=en|quote=|via=}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Dostal|first=Walter|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z4AAAwAAQBAJ|title=Shattering Tradition: Custom, Law and the Individual in the Muslim Mediterranean|last2=Kraus|first2=Wolfgang|date=22 April 2005|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=9780857716774|page=296|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;battera2962&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Battera|first=Federico|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pos3wAofV4UC&amp;pg=PP1|title=Shattering Tradition: Custom, Law and the Individual in the Muslim Mediterranean|publisher=I.B. Taurus|others=Walter Dostal, Wolfgang Kraus (ed.)|year=2005|isbn=1-85043-634-7|location=London|page=296|chapter=Chapter 9: The Collapse of the State and the Resurgence of Customary Law in Northern Somalia|access-date=18 March 2010|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pos3wAofV4UC&amp;pg=PA278}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhanka [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]], Gadabuursigu waxay si rasmi ah u dagaan oo aad ugu badan yihiin isla markaana iska leeyihiin Gobolka [[Awdal]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ambroso, G (2002)|url=https://www.unhcr.org/sites/default/files/legacy-pdf/3d5d0f3a4.pdf|title=Pastoral society and transnational refugees:population movements in Somaliland and eastern Ethiopia 1988 - 2000|page=5|quote=Main sub-clan(s) Habr Awal, Region(s): Waqooyi Galbeed, Main districts: Gabiley, Hargeisa, Berbera. Main sub-clan(s) Gadabursi, Region(s): Awdal, Main districts: Borama, Baki, part. Gabiley, Zeila, Lughaya.}}.&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;I.B. Taurus&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Battera|first=Federico|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z4AAAwAAQBAJ&amp;q=gadabuursi+awdal&amp;pg=PA296|title=Shattering Tradition: Custom, Law and the Individual in the Muslim Mediterranean|publisher=I.B. Taurus|others=Walter Dostal, Wolfgang Kraus (ed.)|year=2005|isbn=1-85043-634-7|location=London|page=296|chapter=Chapter 9: The Collapse of the State and the Resurgence of Customary Law in Northern Somalia|quote=Awdal is mainly inhabited by the Gadabuursi confederation of clans. The Gadaabursi are concentrated in Awdal.|access-date=18 March 2010|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pos3wAofV4UC&amp;pg=PA278}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Renders|first=Marleen|url=http://asia-abdulkadir.de/docs/RendersTerlinden2010.pdf|title=Negotiating Statehood: Dynamics of Power and Domination in Africa|last2=Terlinden|first2=Ulf|editor-last=Tobias Hagmann|page=191|chapter=Chapter 9: Negotiating Statehood in a Hybrid Political Order: The Case of Somaliland|quote=&quot;Awdal in western Somaliland is situated between Djibouti, Ethiopia and the Issaq-populated mainland of Somaliland. It is primarily inhabited by the three sub-clans of the Gadabursi clan, whose traditional institutions survived the colonial period, Somali statehood and the war in good shape, remaining functionally intact and highly relevant to public security.&quot;|access-date=2012-01-21|editor-last2=Didier Péclard|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407105709/http://asia-abdulkadir.de/docs/RendersTerlinden2010.pdf|archive-date=2026-04-07|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Jörg, J 132&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Jörg, J|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DZJPm2j2iz4C&amp;dq=Gadabursi+Awdal&amp;pg=PA132|title=What are Somalia's Development Perspectives?|date=8 March 2024|publisher=Verlag Hans Schiler|isbn=978-3-86093-230-8|page=132|quote=Awdal region, populated by Dir clans : the Gadabursi and ` Cisa, is credited as being the most stable region in Somaliland. This is mainly due to peacekeeping efforts on the part of the Gadabursi clan who dominate this region.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;books.google.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YY94tCLBqp4C&amp;dq=Gadabuursi+Awdal&amp;pg=PA22|title=Countries That Aren't Really Countries|page=22|quote=The Isaaq are concentrated primarily in the regions of Maroodi Jeex, Sanaag, Gabiley, Togdheer and Saaxil. The Gadabuursi inhabit the west, pre-dominantly in Awdal, the Zeila district of Salal and parts of Gabiley.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Bruchhaus, E. M, Sommer, M. M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rX4MAQAAMAAJ&amp;q=Gadabursi+Awdal|title=Hot Spot Horn of Africa Revisited (2008)|date=8 March 2024|isbn=978-3-8258-1314-7|page=54|quote=Next to the three sub-clans of the Gadabursi, a small minority of Ciisse inhabits Awdal.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Institut für Afrika-Forschung 77&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Deutsches Institut für Afrika-Forschung|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8zkOAQAAMAAJ&amp;q=Gadabursi+Awdal|title=Afrika Spectrum Volume 43|date=8 March 2024|page=77|quote=Gadabursi being the major descent group in the Awdal region.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay u badan yihiin magaalooyinka iyo magaalooyinka sida [[Boorama]], [[Baki]], [[Lughaya]], [[Saylac]], [[Dilla]], Jarahorato, [[Camuud]], Cabaas, Fiqi Aadan, [[Quljeed]], Boon iyo [[Xariirad]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ciabarri|first=Luca|title=Dopo lo Stato. Storia e antropologia della ricomposizione sociale nella Somalia settentrionale: Storia e antropologia della ricomposizione sociale nella Somalia settentrionale|publisher=FrancoAngeli|page=258|language=italian|quote=Baki region, the traditional region of the Gadabursi}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ambroso|first=Guido|title=Pastoral society and transnational refugees: population movements in Somaliland and eastern Ethiopia|date=August 2002|publisher=UNHCR Brussels|quote=Chart showing the Gadabursi exclusively inhabiting the Baki district}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;auto4&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Reclus|first=Elisée|url=http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/bright/reclus/universalgeograp10recl.pdf|title=The Earth and its Inhabitants The Universal Geography Vol. X. North-east Africa|date=1886|publisher=J.S. Virtue &amp; Co, Limited, 294 City Road|language=en|quote=Two routes, often blocked by the inroads of plundering hordes, lead from Harrar to Zeila. One crosses a ridge to the north of the town, thence redescending into the basin of the Awash by the Galdessa Pass and valley, and from this point running towards the sea through Issa territory, which is crossed by a chain of trachytic rocks trending southwards. The other and more direct but more rugged route ascends north-eastwards towards the Darmi Pass, crossing the country of the Gadibursis or Gudabursis. The town of Zeila lies south of a small archipelago of islets and reefs on a point of the coast where it is hemmed in by the Gadibursi tribe. It has two ports, one frequented by boats but impracticable for ships, whilst the other, not far south of the town, although very narrow, is from 26 to 33 feet deep, and affords safe shelter to large craft.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Glawion|first=Tim|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9mnLDwAAQBAJ&amp;q=samaron&amp;pg=PA121|title=The Security Arena in Africa: Local Order-Making in the Central African Republic, Somaliland, and South Sudan|date=30 January 2020|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-108-65983-3|language=en|quote=Three distinct circles can be distinguished based on the way the security arena is composed in and around Zeila: first, Zeila town, the administrative centre, which is home to many government institutions and where the mostly ethnic Gadabuursi/Samaron inhabitants engage in trading or government service activities; second, Tokhoshi, an artisanal salt mining area eight kilometres west of Zeila, where a mixture of clan and state institutions provide security and two large ethnic groups (Ciise and Gadabuursi/Samaron) live alongside one another; third the southern rural areas, which are almost universally inhabited by the Ciise clan, with its long, rigid culture of self-rule.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Hayward|first=R. J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_8D0gYZZVKEC&amp;q=Rer+Nur+Dila+town&amp;pg=PA136|title=Voice and Power|last2=Lewis|first2=I. M.|date=17 August 2005|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135751753|location=|page=136|language=en|quote=The major town of the Rer Mohamoud Nur, Dila.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Hayward|first=R. J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_8D0gYZZVKEC&amp;q=Rer+Nur+Dila+town&amp;pg=PA136|title=Voice and Power|last2=Lewis|first2=I. M.|date=17 August 2005|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135751753|location=|page=136|language=en|quote=The Gadabuursi Reer Mahammad Nuur, for example, are said to have begun cultivating in 1911 at Jara Horoto to the east of the present town of Borama.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Burton|first=Richard|url=https://archive.org/details/firstfootstepsi00burtgoog|title=First Footsteps in East Africa|publisher=Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans|year=1856|isbn=|edition=1st|location=}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Dhanka [[Itoobiya]], Gadabuursigu waa qabiilka si rasmi iska leh degmooyinka sida degmada Awbare ee aagga Faafan, degmada Dembel ee aagga Sitti iyo dooxada Harrawa ee balaadhan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hayward 136&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Hayward|first=R. J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_8D0gYZZVKEC&amp;q=Rer+Nur+Dila+town&amp;pg=PA136|title=Voice and Power|last2=Lewis|first2=I. M.|date=17 August 2005|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135751753|location=|page=136|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;    &lt;ref name=&quot;Burton 1856&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Burton|first=Richard|url=https://archive.org/details/firstfootstepsi00burtgoog|title=First Footsteps in East Africa|publisher=Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans|year=1856|isbn=|edition=1st|quote=In front, backed by the dark hills of Harar, lay the Harawwah valley. The breadth is about fifteen miles: it runs from south-west to north-east, between the Highlands of the Girhi and the rolling ground of the Gudabirsi Somal, as far, it is said, as the Dankali country. Of old this luxuriant waste belonged to the former tribe; about twelve years ago it was taken from them by the Gudabirsi, who carried off at the same time thirty cows, forty camels, and between three and four hundred sheep and goats.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Swayne 1895&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Swayne|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/57907/57907-h/57907-h.htm|title=Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland|year=1895|quote=On 5th September we descended into the Harrawa Valley in the Gadabursi country, and back on to the high ban again at Sarír, four days later. We then marched along the base of the Harar Highlands, reaching Sala Asseleh on 13th September. We had experienced heavy thunder-storms with deluges of rain daily, and had found the whole country deserted.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;gutenberg.org&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Swayne|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/57907/57907-h/57907-h.htm|title=Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland|year=1895|quote=The position of the Samawé ruins would favour a supposition that some power holding Harar, and having its northern boundary along the hills which wall in the southern side of the Harrawa valley, had built the fort to command the Gáwa Pass, which is one of the great routes from the Gadabursi country up on to the Marar Prairie.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceB&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Swayne|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/57907/57907-h/57907-h.htm|title=Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland|year=1895|quote=The extreme north-western angle of the Marar Prairie is marked by a hill called Sarir Gerad, and from its base the ground falls abruptly to the north into the Harrawa Valley in the Gadabursi country, and to the west into deep gorges which lead towards Gildessa.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa inta badan laga helaa magaalooyinka iyo tuulooyinka sida Awbare, Awbube, Sheder, Lefe Isa, Derwernache, Gogti, Jaare, Heregel, Arabi iyo Dembel.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hayward 136&quot; /&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;scribd.com&quot; /&gt;   &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ali|first=Zeynab|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fTSqDQAAQBAJ&amp;q=gadabuursi+arabi&amp;pg=PT104|title=Cataclysm: Secrets of the Horn of Africa|publisher=Xlibris Corporation|year=2016|isbn=9781524564087}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Hordhac==
Beesha Gadabuursi waxay ka mid tahay beelaha ka tirsan beel-weynta [[Dir]] ee shacan weynaha [[Soomaaliyeed]]. Dir ahaan, beesha Gadabuursi waxay tol yihiin beesha [[Ciise (beel)|Ciise]] ee deegaanka ku ah wadanka [[Jabuuti]],&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[Dir]] ee shacan weynaha [[Soomaaliyeed]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; beesha [[Biyomaal]] ee laga helo [[Soomaaliya|koonfuurta Soomaaliya]], beesha Surre (Cabdale iyo Qubays) ee ku dhaqan [[Soomaaliya|badhtamaha Soomaaliya]], [[Gaadsan]] iyo [[Gurgura (beel)|Gurgura]].&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[Biyomaal]] ee laga helo [[Soomaaliya|koonfuta Soomaaliya]], beesha Surre (Cabdale iyo Qubays) ee ku dhaqan [[Soomaaliya|badhtamaha Soomaaliya]], [[Gaadsan]] iyo Gurgure&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

IM Lewis wuxuu si qiimo leh u soo bandhigayaa qoraal Carabi ah oo ku saabsan taariikhda Soomaalida Gadabuursi. 'Taariikhdan waxay furmaysaa', Lewis wuxuu inoo sheegayaa, 'iyadoo ka sheekeynaysa dagaalladii Imaam 'Cali Si'id (dhalatay 1392) oo Gadabuursi maanta ka soo jeeday, oo lagu tilmaamay inuu yahay hoggaamiyaha kaliya ee Muslimiinta ah ee ka dagaallamaya dhinaca galbeed ee ciidamada Se'ad Ad-Din, oo ahaa taliyihii [[Saylac]] : &lt;ref name=&quot;The Cambridge History of Africa&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Fage|first=J. D.|url=https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory05fage|title=The Cambridge History of Africa|last2=Oliver|first2=Roland|date=1 January 1975|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521209816|location=|page=[https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory05fage/page/153 153]|language=en|url-access=registration|via=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

IM Lewis (1959) wuxuu leeyahay:
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Falanqeyn dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan horumarka Dir iyo ka bixitaanka Galla waxay u muuqataa inay ka timid qoraal Carabi ah oo qeexaya taariikhda qabiilka Gadabuursi. Taariikhdan waxay ku bilaabmaysaa sheeko ku saabsan dagaalladii Imaam 'Cali Si'id (d. 1392), oo Gadabuursi maanta ka soo jeedo asalkoodii, kaasoo lagu tilmaamay inuu yahay hoggaamiyaha kaliya ee Muslimiinta ah ee ka dagaallamaya dhinaca Galbeed ee ciidamada Sa'd ad-Din (d. 1415), oo ahaa taliyihii Saylac.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

Dhinaca kale, Samaroonku waxa ay ka tafiirmeen [[Sheekh Samaroon]] oo magaciisa saxda ahi uu ahaa [[Maxamuud]].&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;Samaroonku waxa ay ka tafiirmeen [[Sheekh Samaroon]] oo magaciisa saxda ahi uu ahaa [[Maxamuud]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Beesha Samaroon waxa ay ka soo jeedaan asal ahaan [[dad]]kii loogu yimiday [[Soomaaliya|Waqooyiga Soomaaliya]]. 

Dhaqan ahaan, [[dad]]ka Gadabuursiga ahi waxay tan iyo [[wakhti]] hore ahaayeen kuwo [[beer]]oleey ah, ayagoo [[beer]]an jiray [[midho]] iyo [[khudaar]] badan oo ilaa maanta laga helo deegaanadaasi.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[wakhti]] hore ahaayeen kuwo [[beer]]oleey ah, ayagoo [[beer]]an jiray [[midho]] iyo [[khudaar]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Degaanka ku wareegsan magaalada [[Baki]], deegaanada [[Camuud]] ee dhow magaalada [[Borama]], magaalada [[Dilla]] [[Gebiley]] [[Wajaale]] iyo kuwo kale oo badan ayaa tusaale fiican u ah horumarka xaga wax-beerashada ee beesha Gadabuursi.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;magaalada [[Baki]], deegaanada [[Camuud]] ee dhow magaalada [[Borama]], magaalada [[Dilla]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; 

Dhinaca kale, waxa iyadna jirta [[tiro|tiro badan]] oo ka mid ah shacabka Samaroon, kuwaasi oo ah [[reer guuraa]] dhaqda [[xoolo|xoolaha]] ay ka midka yihiin [[geel]]a, [[lo']]da, [[adhi]]ga, [[faras|fardaha]], [[dameer]]aha IWM. Dadka reer guuraaga ahi waxay si joogto ah u daba socdaan [[roob]]ka ayagoo kolba u guura meesha roob fiican, [[biyo]] iyo [[cows|daaqsiimo]] wanaagsan u leh xoolaha.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[roob]]ka ayagoo kolba u guura meesha roob fiican, [[biyo]] iyo [[cows|daaqsiimo]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Dadkani reer guuraaga ahi ma lahan wax xad ah, waxaanay ayaga iyo [[xoolo]]hoodu iskaga talaabaan xuduudaha wadanka [[Soomaaliya]], [[Itoobiya]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo [[Somaliland]].&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[xoolo]]hoodu iskaga talaabaan xuduudaha wadanka [[Soomaaliya]], [[Itoobiya]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo [[Somaliland]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Boramhoriz.jpeg|thumb|Magaalada [[Borama]] xarunta kowaad ee beesha Gadabuursi.]]

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, beesha Samaroon waxay tan iyo [[qarni]]yo badan ahaayeen [[dad]] aad u horumarsan oo leh [[ilbaxnimo]] ka sareeysan bulshooyinkii ay isku wakhtiga ahaayeen. Waxaanay lahaayeen maamulo [[boqor]]tooyo, saldanad iyo dowlado kala. Kuwaasi waxaa ka mid ah [[Adal|Boqortooyadii Adal]], sidoo kale loo yaqaano [[Saldanadii Cadal]], Boqortooyadii Camuud iyo kuwo kaleba.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[Soomaaliya|Waqooyiga Soomaaliya]], meelo ka mid ah dalka [[Itoobiya]], gebi ahaanba wadanka [[Jabuuti]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Zayla.jpg|thumb|Magaalada [[Saylac]].]]

Guud ahaan dadka [[Samaroon]]ku waa bulshooyin xadaarad horey u soo lahaa, isla markaana shacabka [[Soomaaliyeed]] dhexdooda looga yaqaano Dadka Nabada iyo Hooyga [[Aqoon]]ta.
Beeshu waxay aad ugu wanaagsan tahay [[wabarasho|waxbarashada]], [[aqoon|aqoonta maadiga]] iyo [[cilmi|cilmiga diiniga]] ah.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;'''Dadka Nabada''' iyo '''Hooyga [[Aqoon]]ta'''.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
Magaalada [[Borama]] waxaa ku yaala [[tiro|tiro badan]] oo jaamacado ah, [dugsi]]yo iyo goobo [[waxbarasho]], kuwasi waxaa ka mid ah [[kow|jaamacadii kowaad]] ee laga furo cariga [[Soomaaliyeed]] ka dib dagaaladii sokeeye, waa [[Jaamacada Camuud]] iyo Jaamacada Eelo American; [[tiro]] ka badan [[20]] Dugsi Sare; iyo [[boqol]]aal [[dugsi]]yo hoose iyo dhexe iskugu jira.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[[Jaamacada Camuud]]; sidoo kale waxaa ku taala [[Jaamacada Eelo American]]; [[tiro]] ka badan [[20]] [[Dugsi Sare]]; iyo [[Boqol|boqolaal]] [[Dugsi|dugsiyo]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Isku soo duuboo, reeraha beesha Gadabuursi waxaaa loo kala saaraa, guud ahaan, [[3|sadex waaxood]]&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;beesha Gadabuursi waxaaa loo kala saaraa, guud ahaan, [[3|sadex waaxood]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; kuwaasi oo kala ah:

* [[Beesha Habar Cafaan]]: beesha Habar Cafaan sidoo kale lagu naaneyso (HC) waa mid ka mid ah sadexda rukun ee beel-weynta Gadabuursi, waxayna ka kooban tahay [[12|labo iyo toban qabiil]] ama reerood.

* [[Makaahiil|Beesha Makaahiil]]: beesha Makaahiil waa waax ka mid ah sadexda rukun ee Samaroonka, waxayna guud ahaan u kala baxaan 15 qabiil ama reerood.

* [[Beesha Maxamed Case]]: beesha Maxamed Case waa rukun ka mid ah sadexda tiir ee beel-weynta [[Samaroon]] kuwaasi oo deegaan ku ah dhulka iyo deegaanada xeebta [[Bada Cas]] ee gobolka [[Awdal]]. Beesha Maxamed Case waxaa loo kala saaraa [[11|kow iyo toban qabiil]] ama reerood.
Wadanka [[Eratareya|Eritrea]] waxaa jira qowm la dhaho Saaho. Qowmkaas waxaa hoostimaada beel la dhaho Gadafur. Beeshaas asal ahaan waxay ka soo jeedaan Beelwaynta Gadabuursi, sidaas ayaa aqoonyahan Eritrean ah ku qoray buugiisa la dhaho &quot;'''The Saho of Eritrea''&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:04&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jwjX_yVT7AoC&amp;pg=PA107&amp;dq=Gadafur+Gadaburse&amp;hl=nl&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjriaz7uIHRAhUr74MKHTwXD_sQ6AEIHTAA#v=onepage&amp;q=Gadafur%20Gadaburse&amp;f=false|title=The Saho of Eritrea: Ethnic Identity and National Consciousness|last=Mohammad|first=Abdulkader Saleh|date=2013-01-01|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|isbn=9783643903327|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Dir==
'''Dir,''' magaca saxda ah: '''Abukar''' waa [[Soomaali|beelweyn]] ka tirsan [[Beelaha Soomaalida|qabiilada Soomaalida]] taasi oo juquraafi ahaan degta afar wadan oo ku yaala [[Geeska Afrika]]. Beesha Dir waxaa laga helaa dhamaan [[Soomaaliweyn|deegaanada Shanta Soomaaliyeed]] kuwaasi oo kala ah: [[Djibouti]](''ahaan jirtey: French Somaliland(1)''), [[Soomaaliya]](ahaan jirtey: ''British Somaliland(2) iyo Italian Somaliland(3)''), wadanka [[Kenya]], [[Kiinya|Gobolka Waqooyi Bari]](4) iyo dalka [[Itoobiya]], deegaanka [[Soomaali Galbeed]], iyo sidoo kale Deegaanada [[Herer]], [[Diridhabe|Diridhaba]], [[Oromia]] iyo [[Cafar|Canfarta]](5).&lt;ref&gt;http://dspace-roma3.caspur.it/bitstream/2307/4150/1/Clanship,%20conflict%20and%20refugees_An%20introduction%20to%20Somalis%20in%20the%20Horn%20of%20Africa.pdf {{Wayback|url=http://dspace-roma3.caspur.it/bitstream/2307/4150/1/Clanship,%20conflict%20and%20refugees_An%20introduction%20to%20Somalis%20in%20the%20Horn%20of%20Africa.pdf |date=20161013144238 }} - CLANSHIP, CONFLICT AND REFUGEES: An Introduction to Somalis in the Horn of Africa - Guido Ambroso - Page 6&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Garre live in Southern Somalia, North Eastern Kenya and Southern Ethiopia. In Southern Somalia, they live in Kofur near Mogadishu and El Wak District in Gedo Province. In Ethiopia, they live in Moyale, Hudet and Woreda of Liban zone. In Kenya, the Garre inhabit Wajir North and Moyale. UNDP paper http://www.undp.org/content/dam/kenya/docs/Amani%20Papers/AP_Volume1_n2_May2010.pdf {{Wayback|url=http://www.undp.org/content/dam/kenya/docs/Amani%20Papers/AP_Volume1_n2_May2010.pdf |date=20180517092837 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_8D0gYZZVKEC|title=Voice and Power|last=Hayward|first=R. J.|last2=Lewis|first2=I. M.|date=2005-08-17|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135751753|page=242|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;The Quranyo section of the Garre claim descent from Dirr, who are born of the Irrir Samal. UNDP Paper in Keyna http://www.undp.org/content/dam/kenya/docs/Amani%20Papers/AP_Volume1_n2_May2010.pdf {{Wayback|url=http://www.undp.org/content/dam/kenya/docs/Amani%20Papers/AP_Volume1_n2_May2010.pdf |date=20180517092837 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taariikh ==
[[File:An_old_map_of_Zeila_featuring_the_Somali_Gadabuursi_Dir_clan2.jpg|thumb|Khariidad duug ah oo [[Saylac]] ah oo ay ku jiraan Somali Gadabuursi [[Dir]] qabiil.]]
[[File:An_old_map_of_Harar_featuring_the_Somali_Gadabuursi_Dir_clan.jpg|thumb|An old map of [[Herer|Harar]] featuring the Somali Gadabuursi [[Dir]] clan.]]
[[File:Map_of_the_French_Coast_of_the_Somalis_showing_Harar.jpg|thumb|An old map of [[Herer|Harar]] featuring the Somali Gadabuursi [[Dir]] clan.]]
[[File:Harrawah_Valley.jpg|thumb|Khariidad duug ah oo ka muuqata dooxada Harrawa ee dalka Gadabuursi ee waqooyiga [[Herer|Harar]] .]]
[[File:Harrawa_Valley.jpg|thumb|Khariidad duug ah oo ka muuqata dooxada Harrawa ee dalka Gadabuursi ee waqooyiga [[Herer|Harar]] .]]
[[File:Wadi_Harawwah.png|thumb|Khariidad duug ah oo ka muuqata dooxada Harrawa ee dalka Gadabuursi ee waqooyiga [[Herer|Harar]] .]]
[[File:1867_Abyssinia_Map_Depicting_Gadabursi_Somali.jpg|thumb|An 1867 Map of Abyssinia from Bombay featuring the Somali Gadabuursi [[Dir]] clan.]]

=== Da'dii Dhexe ===
IM Lewis wuxuu si qiimo leh u soo bandhigayaa qoraal Carabi ah oo ku saabsan taariikhda Soomaalida Gadabuursi. 'Taariikhdan waxay furmaysaa', Lewis wuxuu inoo sheegayaa, 'iyadoo ka sheekeynaysa dagaalladii Imaam 'Cali Si'id (dhalatay 1392) oo Gadabuursi maanta ka soo jeedo, kaasoo lagu tilmaamo hoggaamiyaha kaliya ee Muslimiinta ah ee ka dagaallamaya dhinaca galbeed ee ciidamada Se'ad Ad-Din, oo ahaa taliyihii [[Saylac]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;The Cambridge History of Africa&quot;/&gt;

IM Lewis (1959) wuxuu leeyahay:
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Falanqeyn dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan horumarka Dir iyo ka bixitaanka Galla waxay u muuqataa inay ka timid qoraal Carabi ah oo qeexaya taariikhda qabiilka Gadabuursi. Taariikhdan waxay ku bilaabmaysaa sheeko ku saabsan dagaalladii Imaam 'Cali Si'id (d. 1392), oo Gadabuursi maanta ka soo jeedo asalkoodii, kaasoo lagu tilmaamay inuu yahay hoggaamiyaha kaliya ee Muslimiinta ah ee ka dagaallamaya dhinaca Galbeed ee ciidamada Sa'd ad-Din (d. 1415), oo ahaa taliyihii Saylac.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

IM Lewis (1959) wuxuu sidoo kale iftiimiyay in Gadabuursi ay isku dhaceen Galla, intii lagu jiray iyo ka dib ololihii ka dhanka ahaa [[Boqortooyada itoobiya|Xabashida Masiixiyiinta ah]] :
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Ololahan si cad ayay uga soo horjeedeen Masiixiyiinta Xabashida, laakiin waxay u muuqataa in taariikhda ay Gadabuursigu sidoo kale la dagaallamayeen Galla. Hoggaamiye dambe oo qabiilka ka tirsanaa, Ugaas 'Cali Makahil, oo ku dhashay 1575 Dobo, oo waqooyi ka xigta magaalada hadda ee Boorama ee galbeedka Maxmiyadda Ingiriiska, ayaa la diiwaan geliyay inuu jab xooggan u geystay ciidamada Galla ee Nabadiid, oo ah tuulo ku taal Maxmiyadda.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[Sacdudiin 2aad|Sacad-diin II]] wuxuu ahaa aasaasihii wadajirka ahaa ee Boqortooyada Adal isaga iyo walaalkiis Haqq-diin II . &lt;ref name=&quot;The Cambridge History of Africa&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Fage|first=J. D.|url=https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory05fage|title=The Cambridge History of Africa|last2=Oliver|first2=Roland|date=1 January 1975|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521209816|location=|page=[https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory05fage/page/153 153]|language=en|url-access=registration|via=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFFageOliver1975&quot;&gt;Fage, J. D.; Oliver, Roland (1 January 1975). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-registration&quot; title=&quot;Free registration required&quot;&gt;[[iarchive:cambridgehistory05fage|''The Cambridge History of Africa'']]&lt;/span&gt;. Cambridge University Press. p.&amp;nbsp;[[iarchive:cambridgehistory05fage/page/153|153]]. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780521209816|&lt;bdi&gt;9780521209816&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Qabiilka Gadabuursi kuma koobna oo keliya inay gacan ka geysteen Dagaalkii Adal iyo Qabsashadii Xabashida, laakiin kuwii ka horreeyay waxay sidoo kale dagaallo la galeen ka hor inta aan la dhisin Saldanadda Adal. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Fage|first=J. D.|url=https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory05fage|title=The Cambridge History of Africa|last2=Oliver|first2=Roland|date=1 January 1975|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521209816|location=|page=[https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory05fage/page/153 153]|language=en|url-access=registration|via=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Faraciisa ayaa ammaana oo heesa gabayadiisa, waxayna u safraan macbadkiisa deegaanka ee Tukali si ay u xusaan awowgood. Qaybta ugu badan ee Gadabuursi waxay degtaa Itoobiya.  Sida ku cad taariikhda Gadabuursi ee soo jireenka ah, dagaal weyn ayaa qarnigii 14aad dhex maray Gadabuursi iyo Galla, wuxuuna ka dhacay deegaanka Waraf oo u dhow Hardo Galle ee Itoobiya.  Sida uu sheegay Max Planck, laan ka mid ah qoyska Reer Ughaz (Reer Ugaas) ee dalka Itoobiya waxa uu gaadhay darajada ''Dejazmach'' ( [[Af-Amxaari|Amxaari]] : Dajamach ) ama ''Taliyaha Albaabka'' .  Kani wuxuu ahaa magac ciidan oo macnihiisu yahay taliyaha qaybta dhexe ee ciidamada qalabka sida ee Itoobiya oo ka kooban ilaalo hormuud ah, jir weyn, baalal bidix iyo midig iyo jir dambe. &lt;sup&gt;[4]&lt;/sup&gt;

Shihab al-Din Ahmad wuxuu magaciisa ku xusay [[Gaashaanbuursiga Isimtooyada Maqdi|Habar Makadur]] buugiisa caanka ah ee ''Futuh al-Habasha .'' Wuxuu sheegayaa:

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Qabiilada Soomaalida dhexdooda waxaa jiray mid kale oo la oran jiray Habr Maqdi, kaas oo imaamku ka dalbaday canshuurta sadaqada. Way diideen inay bixiyaan, iyagoo ku xadgudbay waddooyinka, oo si xun u dhaqmayay dalka.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=ʻArabfaqīh|first=Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʻAbd al-Qādir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YgIwAQAAIAAJ|title=The conquest of Abyssinia: 16th century|date=2003-01-01|publisher=Tsehai Publishers &amp; Distributors|isbn=9780972317269|language=en|quote=Among the Somali tribes there was another called Habr Maqdi, from which the imam had demanded the alms tax. They refused to pay it, resorting to banditry on the roads, and acting evilly towards the country.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Richard Pankhurst (2003) wuxuu sheegay in Habr Maqdi ay yihiin Habar Makadur ee Gadabuursi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=ʻArabfaqīh|first=Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʻAbd al-Qādir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YgIwAQAAIAAJ|title=The conquest of Abyssinia: 16th century|date=2003-01-01|publisher=Tsehai Publishers &amp; Distributors|isbn=9780972317269|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Qarnigii 19aad ===
[[File:Map_of_Zeila_1877.jpg|thumb|246x246px|Khariidad hore oo muujinaysa waddooyinka ganacsiga ee ka yimaada [[Saylac]] ilaa [[Herer|Harar]] oo ay ku jiraan qabiilka Gadabuursi]]
Dhammaan waddooyinka ganacsiga ee isku xira [[Herer|Harar]] iyo xeebta Soomaaliya waxay dhex mareen dhulalka [[Soomaalida]] iyo [[Oromo|Oromada]] halkaas oo Gadabuursi ay ku lahaayeen awood weyn oo ay ku maamulaan waddooyinka ganacsiga ee u socda xeebta.

Wehib M. Ahmed (2015) wuxuu xusay in Gadabuursi ay maamulayeen qaybaha waddooyinka ganacsiga ee isku xira [[Herer|Harar]] iyo [[Saylac]] ''taariikhda Harar iyo Harariska'' :

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Qarnigii 19-aad, awoodda Amiirrada waxay ku koobnayd Harar iyo agagaarkeeda, halka waddooyinka ganacsiga oo dhan ee xeebta u socda ay dhex mareen Oromada iyo dhulka Soomaalida. Waxaa jiray laba waddo oo keliya oo la isticmaali karo: mid waxay ahayd Jaldeissa, iyada oo dhex marta dhulka Soomaalida Issa iyo Nole Oromada, tan kale ee Darmy iyada oo marta Gadaboursi. Qofka Soomaaliga ah, oo haystay kaligiis gaadiid ahaan, ayaa si buuxda uga faa'iidaystay xaaladaha jira, ganacsataduna waxay ahaayeen dhibbane dhammaan noocyada xadgudubka iyo baadda... Iyadoo ay kormeerayaan wakiilladan, safarka waxaa loo dhiibi jiray abbans (ilaaliyaha caravan), kuwaas oo inta badan ka tirsanaan jiray Issa ama Gadaboursi marka loo qoondeeyo xeebta iyo Jarso marka loo qoondeeyo gudaha.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ahmed|first=Wehib M.|url=https://everythingharar.com/files/History_of_Harar_and_Harari-HNL.pdf|title=History of Harar and the Hararis|date=2015|publisher=Harari People Regional State Culture, Heritage and Tourism Bureau|language=en|quote=In the 19th century the jurisdiction of the Amirs was limited to Harar and its close environs, while the whole trade routes to the coast passed through Oromo and the Somali territories. There were only two practicable routes: one was the Jaldeissa, through Somali Issa and Nole Oromo territories, the other of Darmy through the Gadaboursi. The Somali, who held a monopoly as transporters, took full advantage of the prevailing conditions and the merchants were the victim of all forms of abuse and extortion... Under the supervision of these agents the caravan would be entrusted to abbans (caravan protector), who usually belonged to the Issa or Gadaboursi when destined to the coast and to Jarso when destined for the interior.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Elisée Reclus (1886) waxa ay tilmaan ka bixisay mid ka mid ah jidadka qadiimiga ah ee [[Herer|Harar]] ilaa [[Saylac]] ee ka baxa marinka Darmi ee ka talaabaya xudunta u ah dalka Gadabuursi:

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Laba waddo, oo inta badan ay xiraan kooxaha dhaca, ayaa ka soo gala Harrar una socda Saylac. Mid waxay ka gudubtaa buur ku taal waqooyiga magaalada, halkaas oo ay dib ugu soo degto dooxada Awash oo ay maraan Galdessa iyo dooxada, ka dibna waxay u socotaa badda iyadoo maraysa dhulka Issa, oo ay maraan silsilado dhagaxyo trachytic ah oo u socda koonfur. Wadada kale oo toos ah laakiin ka adag ayaa u soo baxda waqooyi-bari dhanka Darmi Pass, iyadoo ka gudbaysa dalka Gadibursis ama Gudabursis. Magaalada Saylac waxay ku taal koonfurta jasiirad yar oo jasiirado iyo xeebo leh oo ku yaal geeska xeebta halkaas oo ay ku hareeraysan yihiin qabiilka Gadibursi. Waxay leedahay laba dekedood, mid waxaa ku badan doonyaha laakiin ma shaqeyn karaan maraakiibta, halka tan kale, oo aan ka fogayn koonfurta magaalada, inkastoo ay aad u cidhiidhi tahay, ay u dhexayso 26 ilaa 33 cagood, waxayna hoy ammaan ah u tahay maraakiibta waaweyn.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;auto4&quot;/&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Taurin Cahagne (1882) waxa uu Gadabuursi ku tilmaamay duullaan xirfad leh oo ka soo gudbay bannaanka [[Saylac]] ilaa [[Herer|Harar]] :
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;12-kii waxaan gaarnay meel u dhow togga Cotté, kaas oo ka soo kacaya Gadibursi dhexdooda, inta u dhaxaysa Issa iyo qabiilooyinka ku teedsan wadada Berbera, u qulqula Danakil, isagoo ka gudbaya bannaanka weyn. Waxaan joogsanay xerada Cotté, oo ku taal daanta durdurka isku magaca ah. Biyaheeda, marka ay jiraan, waxay ku qulqulaan wadadan laga bilaabo dhulka Gadibursi, kuwaas oo ku nool inta u dhaxaysa Issa iyo Bartri, ilaa wadada Berbera. Gadibursi waxay ku raaxaystaan sumcad weyn oo ah burcadnimo waxayna aad uga baqayaan Issa, kuwaas oo had iyo jeer si lama filaan ah ugu dhacaan iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay xirfadda fardahooda.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Cahagne, Mons. Taurin (1882)|url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Le_missioni_cattoliche_rivista_quindicin/kT0qLbZbMXMC?hl=en|title=Viaggio Nel Paese Di Galla Da Aden Ad Harar (Le missioni cattoliche rivista quindicinale)|publisher=National Central Library of Rome|page=115|quote=On the 12th we arrived near the torrent of Cotté, which, rising among the Gadibursi, between the Issa and the tribes along the road to Berbera, flows toward the Danakil, crossing immense plains. We had stopped at the camp of Cotté, on the banks of the stream of the same name. Its waters, when it has any, flow along this route from the territory of the Gadibursi, who live between the Issa and the Bartri, as far as the road to Berbera. The Gadibursi enjoy a great reputation as brigands and are much feared by the Issa, upon whom they always fall unexpectedly thanks to the skill of their horses.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Philipp Paulitschke (1888) wuxuu sharraxayaa dabeecadda khatarta ah ee waddooyinka ku hareeraysan [[Saylac]], oo inta badan ay cadaadis kala kulmaan burcad-badeedda Gadabuursi iyo [[Cafar|Danakil]] :
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Wadada dhex marta Tokosha, Hambôs iyo Abusuên gebi ahaanba biyo ma lahayn waqtigan, sidaas darteedna lama isticmaali karo. Waxaa jiray cabsi guud oo ka timid Danâkil, taasoo keentay in lamaanayaasha safarka ah aan lagu qancin karin inay maraan wadadan. Khatar ayaa sidoo kale jirtay wadada aan dooranay iyada oo loo marayo Wárabot iyo Henssa, oo ay ka dhigeen mid aan ammaan ahayn kuwa Gadaburssi, laakiin waa tan inta badan la sameeyo.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Paulitschke, P. (1888)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SrW-w6kF6_8C|title=Harar, Forschungsreise nach den Somâl und Galla Ländern Ost-Afrikas, nebst Beiträgen|date=8 March 1888|publisher=Brockhaus|page=81|quote=The road via Tokosha, Hambôs and Abusuên was completely waterless at this time and therefore unusable. There was a general fear, rightly so, of the Danâkil, so much that the escort of a caravan couldn't have been persuaded to take this path. Danger also existed for the route we chose via Wárabot and Henssa, made unsafe by the Gadaburssi raiders, but is the one relatively more frequently committed.|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Philipp Paulitschke (1888) wuxuu sharraxayaa sida Wadi Aschat, oo ah dooxo ku taal duleedka [[Saylac]], ay u ahayd xarunta dhexe ee duullaanka Gadabuursi:
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Waxay isla markiiba ka bilaabmaysaa dhinaca midig ee Wâdi Ashât, iyadoo la socota waddada cidhiidhiga ah ee dhex marta baadiyaha Salsola oo ah 20-30 mitir oo buuro dhaadheer ah oo masaafad u jirta 5-6 km. Godka baadiyaha wuxuu bixiyaa muuqaal dhul mowjado leh oo si macmal ah loo sameeyay oo lagu daboolay caws dhaadheer. Shakhsiyaadka ayaa ka soo horjeeda waddada caravan; kuwa kale waxay ku safan yihiin kooxo waxayna u dhow yihiin goobta. Halkan iyo halkaas waxaa ka sameysmay dheriyo yaryar oo dhawaan ka soo horjeeda waddada caravan, iyagoo u socda galbeed ama bari. Waxay ku dhuumanayeen aaggan tan iyo waagii hore, dhulka Somâl oo aad ugu habboon weerarrada, iyagoo ku hubaysan warmo, gaashaan iyo mindi, inta badan fardo saaran, dhif ayay lugeynayaan, iyo caravan daciif ah waa inay ku dagaallamaan xoog iyagoo adeegsanaya xoog. Dhaca kuwa xaruntooda halkan ku leh waxay ka tirsan yihiin qabiilka Gadaburssi. Waxaa sidoo kale jira tuugo ka kala yimid dhammaan meelaha deriska la ah. Weerarrada caravan-ka waxaa lagu qaadaa fardo, dadka deegaankana, iyagoo wata fardohooda firfircoon, waxay qaataan dabool aad u fiican oo ay sharaf u keenaan qof kasta oo Yurub ah oo fuula.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Paulitschke, P. (1888)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SrW-w6kF6_8C|title=Harar, Forschungsreise nach den Somâl und Galla Ländern Ost-Afrikas, nebst Beiträgen|date=8 March 1888|publisher=Brockhaus|page=93|quote=Starting immediately on the right bank of Wâdi Ashât, accompanying the narrow path through the Salsola bush 20-30 metre high hills at a distance of 5-6 km. The country shaft offers the appearance of a wavy, artificially created terrain covered with tall grass. Individuals come against the caravan path; others are lined up in groups and close due to the location. Here and there small cauldrons form which will soon come against the caravan route, heading west or east. They have been lurking in this area since ancient times, the Somâl terrain so suitable for raids, armed with lances, shield and knife, mostly on horseback, rarely on foot, and weaker caravans have to fight their way through force by force. The plunderers who have their headquarters here belong to the Gadaburssi tribe. There are also robbers from all the neighbouring areas. The attacks on the caravans are carried out on horseback, and the natives, on their nimble steeds, take such an excellent cover that they bring honour to every European rider.|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wuxuu sidoo kale ku tilmaamay Wadi Aschat inuu leeyahay sumcad halyeey ah oo xun:
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Waxaan ka gudubnay dhulka si tartiib tartiib ah u koraya, Wâdi Aschât, oo ballaciisu yahay qiyaastii 20m, oo ah dhibic aad u qoto dheer oo la jaray, oo naga soo gaadhay qorrax aad u xun oo ka timid jihada koonfur-galbeed iyada oo loo marayo geedaha Salsola oo lagu qurxiyey muuqaal yar oo buuro leh. Horeyba waxaan uga digeynay Saylac goobtan caanka ah, sida laga soo xigtay halyeeyga, oo ay ku qoyday dhiigga safarka.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Paulitschke, P. (1888)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SrW-w6kF6_8C|title=Harar, Forschungsreise nach den Somâl und Galla Ländern Ost-Afrikas, nebst Beiträgen|date=8 March 1888|publisher=Brockhaus|page=93|quote=We crossed, in the slowly rising terrain, the Wâdi Aschât, approximately 20m wide, a fairly deep cut trickle, which approached us in terrible sunshine from a southwesterly direction through the Salsola bushes adorned with a small hilly landscape. We already in Zeila were warned about this infamous site, from legend it is said, is soaked with the blood of the caravans.|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Eliakim Littel (1894) wuxuu sharraxayaa haraadiga qalcad Masar ah oo laga dhisay meel u dhow [[Herer|Harar]] si loo ilaaliyo waddooyinka ganacsiga ee isku xira [[Herer|Harar]] ilaa [[Saylac]] laga bilaabo Gadabuursi:

&lt;blockquote&gt;Daanta bari ee Dega-hardani waxaa ku yaal haraadiga qalcad ay Masar dhisteen intii ay dalkan haysteen, taas oo aan wax badan ka sheegi doono. Ujeeddada qalcaddan waddada dhinaceeda ah waxay ahayd inay ganacsigooda ka ilaaliyaan qabiilka Gadabursi ee dhaca, oo waddankoodu meeshan ku yaal uu ku soo dhawaado waddada. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Littel, E, et al (1894)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h-coDgDrRpUC&amp;dq=Gadabursi+Araweina&amp;pg=PA219|title=Littell's Living Age|date=2 February 1894|page=219|quote=On the east bank of the Dega-hardani are the remains of a fortress built by the Egyptians during their occupation of this country, of which I shall have more to say. The object of this wayside fort was to protect their trade from the plundering Gadabursi tribe, whose country at this place approaches the road.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=== Faransiiska Somaliland (Côte Française des Somali) ===
Gadabuursi waxay ahaayeen hormuudkii magaca ''Côte Française des Somalis'' ama ''Xeebta Faransiiska ee Soomaalida'' . Xaaji Dideh, Suldaankii [[Saylac]], iyo ganacsade barwaaqo ah ayaa magaca u bixiyay Faransiiska. Wuxuu sidoo kale ka dhisay masaajidkii ugu horreeyay [[Jabuuti (magaalo)|Jabuuti]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Rayne|first=Henry a|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-kzjgEACAAJ&amp;q=Sultan+Mahomed+Haji+Dideh+gadabursi|title=Sun, Sand and Somals; Leaves from the Note-Book of a District Commissioner in British Somaliland|date=8 August 2015|publisher=BiblioLife|isbn=9781297569760|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Farah|first=Rachad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iWU1AAAAQBAJ|title=Un embajador en el centro de los acontecimientos|date=1 September 2013|publisher=Editions L'Harmattan|isbn=9782336321356|page=17|language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kahor inta uusan Faransiisku la safan [[Ciise (qabiil)|Ciise]], Gadabuursi waxay haysteen jagada Senator-kii ugu horreeyay ee dalka iyo madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee Soomaaliyeed ee hoggaamiya Somaliland-ta Faransiiska, dhulkaas oo maanta halis gelinaya [[Jabuuti]] . Djama Cali Moussa, oo hore u ahaa badmaaxe, ayaa ku guulaystay inuu noqdo madaxii ugu horreeyay ee Soomaali ah oo si dimuqraadi ah loogu doorto Somaliland .   Kahor 1963, oo ku beegan geeridii Djama Ali Moussa, nolosha siyaasadeed ee [[Jabuuti]] waxaa gacanta ku hayay bulshooyinka Gadabuursi iyo Carabta oo ahaa xulafo siyaasadeed waxayna ahaayeen inta badan dadka deggan magaalada [[Jabuuti (magaalo)|Jabuuti]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;Alwan 2000 38&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Alwan|first=Daoud A|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b9drQ9YeLxcC&amp;q=djama+ali|title=Historical Dictionary of Djibouti|date=2000|publisher=The Scarecrow Press|isbn=9782336321356|page=38|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kadib geeridiisii, [[Cafar|Canfarta]] iyo [[Ciise (qabiil)|Ciise]] waxay xukunka qabsadeen. &lt;ref name=&quot;Alwan 2000 38&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Eyoh|first=Dickson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qjolgQhpFtoC&amp;dq=Gadaboursi&amp;pg=PT466|title=Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History|last2=Zeleza|first2=Paul Tiyambe|date=2005|publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis|isbn=9781134565849|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Walaalaha Safiirada ===
Walaalaha Safiirada waxay ahaayeen saddex walaalo ah oo ka soo jeeda qoys caan ah oo ku nool [[Geeska Afrika (goob)|Geeska Afrika]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;Africa Analysis Limited&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gpQ0AQAAIAAJ&amp;q=ismail+sheikh+hassan+ambassador+ethiopia|title=Africa Analysis: The Fortnightly Bulletin on Financial and Political Trends|date=1987|publisher=Africa Analysis Limited|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Legum 2001&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Legum|first=Colin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oLniAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=mohamed+sheikh+hassan+ambassador+Somalia+Canada|title=Africa Contemporary Record: Annual Survey and Documents|date=2001|publisher=Africana Publishing Company|isbn=9780841912212|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;The Unit&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F980AQAAIAAJ&amp;q=ambassadorial+brothers+sheikh+hassan|title=Country Report: Uganda, Ethiopia, Somalia, Djibouti|date=1988|publisher=The Unit|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Waxay ahaayeen:

# Ismaaciil Sheekh Xasan, wuxuu ahaa Safiirka [[Itoobiya]] u fadhiya [[Libiya|Liibiya]] .
# Aadan Sheekh Xasan, wuxuu ahaa Safiirka [[Jabuuti]] ee [[Cumaan]] iyo [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] .
# Maxamed Sheekh Xasan, wuxuu ahaa Safiirka [[Soomaaliya]] ee [[UAR|Jamhuuriyadda Carabta]], [[Kanada]] iyo [[Nayjeeriya]] .

Dhammaantood waxay ahaayeen ina Sheekh Xasan Nuuriye oo ka soo jeeda beesha Reer Ughaz (Reer Ugaas) ee qaybta [[Makayl-Dheere|Makayl-dheere]] ee Gadabuursi.

Sheekh Xasan Nuuriye isna wuxuu ahaa faracii Ughaz Roble I. Wuxuu ahaa sheekh iyo ganacsade caan ka ahaa Somaliland, Itoobiya iyo Jabuuti. Wuxuu inta badan ku sugnaa Itoobiya agagaarka [[Herer|Harar]] iyo [[Diridhabe|Dire Dawa]] .

Ugu dambeyntii Sheekh Xasan Nuuriye wuxuu ku laabtay magaaladiisii Awbare ( Teferi Ber ) wuxuuna ku geeriyooday halkaas. Waxaa lagu aasay magaalada Awbare oo ku xigta Sheekh Awbare. Wiilashiisa waxaa loo yaqaanay ''Walaalaha Safiirada'' . Waxay ahaayeen qoyskii ugu horreeyay ee caanka ahaa ee lahaa saddex qof oo si toos ah isugu xiran oo walaalo ah oo u adeegaya safiirro saddex waddan oo kala duwan oo deris ah. &lt;ref name=&quot;Africa Analysis Limited&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gpQ0AQAAIAAJ&amp;q=ismail+sheikh+hassan+ambassador+ethiopia|title=Africa Analysis: The Fortnightly Bulletin on Financial and Political Trends|date=1987|publisher=Africa Analysis Limited|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=gpQ0AQAAIAAJ&amp;q=ismail+sheikh+hassan+ambassador+ethiopia ''Africa Analysis: The Fortnightly Bulletin on Financial and Political Trends'']. Africa Analysis Limited. 1987.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Legum 2001&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Legum|first=Colin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oLniAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=mohamed+sheikh+hassan+ambassador+Somalia+Canada|title=Africa Contemporary Record: Annual Survey and Documents|date=2001|publisher=Africana Publishing Company|isbn=9780841912212|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFLegum2001&quot;&gt;Legum, Colin (2001). [https://books.google.com/books?id=oLniAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=mohamed+sheikh+hassan+ambassador+Somalia+Canada ''Africa Contemporary Record: Annual Survey and Documents'']. Africana Publishing Company. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780841912212|&lt;bdi&gt;9780841912212&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;The Unit&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F980AQAAIAAJ&amp;q=ambassadorial+brothers+sheikh+hassan|title=Country Report: Uganda, Ethiopia, Somalia, Djibouti|date=1988|publisher=The Unit|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=F980AQAAIAAJ&amp;q=ambassadorial+brothers+sheikh+hassan ''Country Report: Uganda, Ethiopia, Somalia, Djibouti'']. The Unit. 1988.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; 


=== Muusigii Hore ee Dadka ===
Sahamiyaha iyo sawir-qaade-yaqaanka caanka ah ee Austria, PV Paulitschke, ayaa xusay in sannadkii 1886-kii, Jeneraalka Ingiriiska iyo Kaaliyaha Degaanka Siyaasadda ee [[Saylac]], JS King, uu duubay hees caan ah oo Soomaali ah oo u dhalatay [[Saylac]] oo cinwaankeedu ahaa: &quot; ''Gacalisadayda'' &quot;, oo uu nin Gadabuursi ah u qoray gabadh isku qabiil ah. Heestu waxay si weyn caan uga noqotay [[Saylac]] oo dhan inkastoo ay Soomaalida kale fahmi waayeen. 
 
Philipp Paulitschke (1893) wuxuu ka hadlayaa heesta: 
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot; ''Gacalkayga'' : Heestii qadiimiga ahayd ee reer Zeila (Ahl Zeila), oo isugu jirtay Carab, Soomaali, Xabashi iyo Negroes, oo uu Major JS King u qoray nin boqol jir ah sannadkii 1886. Heestu waxay ahayd mid aan la fahmi karin Soomaalida. Shaki la'aan waxaa qoray Gadabursi waxaana loo jeediyay gabadh isku qabiil ah.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z6mRArcJ2ZsC|title=Die geistige cultur der Danâkil, Galla und Somâl, nebst nachträgen zur materiellen cultur dieser völker|date=2 February 1896|publisher=Johnson Reprint|page=171|quote=To my Beloved: &quot;Ancient song of the Zeilans (Ahl Zeila), a mixture of Arabs, Somâli, Abyssinians and Negroes, which Major J. S. King dictated to a hundred-year-old man in 1886. The song was incomprehensible to the Somâl. It is undoubtedly written by a Gadaburssi and addressed to a girl of the same tribe.|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=== Balwo iyo Heello: Somali Music Modern ===
Muusiga casriga ah ee Soomaalidu wuxuu ka bilaabmay qaabka [[Balwo]], oo uu hormuud ka ahaa [[Cabdi Deeqsi|Cabdi Sinimo]], kaasoo caan noqday horraantii 1940-meeyadii. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=|first=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=epxkAAAAMAAJ|title=African Language Review, Volume 6|date=1967|publisher=F. Cass|isbn=|location=The University of Michigan|page=5|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Andrzejewski|first=B. W.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gfH2A6AhZ7wC&amp;q=balwo&amp;pg=PA359|title=Literatures in African Languages: Theoretical Issues and Sample Surveys|last2=Pilaszewicz|first2=S.|last3=Tyloch|first3=W.|date=21 November 1985|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521256469|location=|pages=|language=en|quote=Cabdi Deeqsi, who created a genre of love poetry called Balwo}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Abdullahi|first=Mohamed Diriye|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Nu918tYMB8C&amp;q=balwo+modern+somali&amp;pg=PA171|title=Culture and Customs of Somalia|date=2001|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-31333-2|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hal-abuurka iyo xiisaha Cabdi u qabo muusiggu waxay kacaan ku sameeyeen muusigga Soomaalida weligeed. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DPwOsOcNy5YC&amp;q=born+in+borama&amp;pg=PA12|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|location=|pages=12|language=en|quote=|via=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qoraalladeeda waxay inta badan ka hadlaan jacayl, kalgacal iyo xamaasad. Nooca Balwo wuxuu ahaa hormuudka nooca Heello. [[Cabdi Deeqsi|Cabdi Sinimo]] waxa uu ka soo jeedaa Gobolada Waqooyi Galbeed ee Somaliland iyo Jabuuti, gaar ahaan qaybta [[Reer Nuur]] ee Gadabuursi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Johnson|first=John William|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NEbASn8qayUC|title=Heelloy: Modern Poetry and Songs of the Somali|date=1996|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-1874209812|location=|pages=|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Muhammad Haji|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DPwOsOcNy5YC&amp;q=abdi+sinimo+balwo&amp;pg=PA12|title=Historical dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|pages=12|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Muhammad Haji|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b9drQ9YeLxcC&amp;q=Abdi+Sinimo&amp;pg=PA2|title=Historical dictionary of Djibouti|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2000|isbn=9780810838734|pages=2|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gabayada Soomaaliyeed ee casriga ah ee la qaado waxaa lagu soo bandhigay nooca Heello kaas oo ah nooc ka mid ah gabayada Soomaalidu ay qaaddo. Magaca Balwo wuxuu isu beddelay Heello sababo diimeed awgood. Laxamiistayaashii ugu horreeyay waxay heesahooda ku bilaabeen ''Balwooy, Balwooy hoy Balwooy...''si kastaba ha ahaatee, macnaha taban ee la xiriira Balwo iyo ereyga macnihiisu yahay masiibo Carabi ahaan, Balwo waxaa loo beddelay Heello sidaas darteedna baararka ugu horreeya ee heesaha waxay ku bilaabmeen ''Heelloy'', ''heellelloy'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Johnson|first=John William|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NEbASn8qayUC&amp;q=abdi+sinimo|title=Heelloy: Modern Poetry and Songs of the Somali|date=1996|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-1-874209-81-2|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Shineemo Soomaaliyeed oo Hore ===
[[Xasan Sheekh Mumin|Hassan Sheikh Mumin]] is considered among the greatest modern songwriters and playwrights in [[Soomaaliweyn|Greater Somalia]] and hailed from the Jibriil Yoonis subclan of the Gadabuursi.  Wuxuu ku dhashay 1931, magaalada dekedda leh ee [[Saylac]], oo xilligaas ahayd [[Dhulka Biritishka ee Somaliland|Somaliland-kii Ingiriiska]] . Maadaama aabihiis uu ahaa sheekh weyn, wuxuu helay waxbarasho [[Qur'aan]] iyo [[Carabi|Carabi ah]] oo heer sare ah. Wuxuu sidoo kale dhigan jiray dugsi hoose oo dawladeed. Wuxuu noqday ururiye caan ah oo akhriya suugaanta afka ah, wuxuuna qoray qoraalladiisa, kuwaas oo shaqadiisa ugu muhiimsan ay tahay ''Shabeelnaagood'' (1965), oo ah qoraal taabanaya mowqifka bulshada ee haweenka, magaalooyinka, isbeddelka dhaqamada, iyo muhiimadda waxbarashada xilligii hore ee xornimada ka hor. Inkasta oo arrimaha ay sharraxayso dib loo hagaajiyay ilaa heer qaar, haddana shaqadu waxay weli tahay tiirka ugu muhiimsan ee suugaanta Soomaalida.  ''Shabeelnaagood'' waxaa loo tarjumay Ingiriisi sanadkii 1974 iyadoo cinwaan looga dhigay ''Leopard Among the Women'' waxaana qoray hormuudka Daraasaadka Soomaalida Bogumił W. Andrzejewski, kaasoo sidoo kale qoray hordhaca. Muumin wuxuu sameeyay riwaayadda lafteeda iyo muusigga loo adeegsaday labadaba. &lt;ref name=&quot;Haywardlewis&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=R. J. Hayward|first=I. M. Lewis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SFfdmXY9X0UC&amp;pg=PP18|title=Voice and Power: The Culture of Language in North-East Africa : Essays in Honour of B.W. Andrzejewski|publisher=Psychology Press|year=1996|isbn=0728602571|pages=Appendix xv}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qoraalkan waxaa si joogto ah loogu soo bandhigayaa manhajyo kala duwan oo dugsiyeed, oo ay ku jirto [[Jaamacadda Oxford]], oo markii ugu horreysay daabacday turjumaadda Ingiriisiga ee hoos timaada xarunteeda saxaafadda .

Halyeeyga Shallaayo, inta lagu jiro hal qayb oo muhiim ah oo riwaayadda ah, ayaa ka cabanaysa in Leopard ay ku khiyaantay guur been ah cinwaanka:
&lt;div class=&quot;left&quot;&gt;
{{Blockquote|&quot;Women have no share in the encampments of this world

And it is men who made these laws, to their own advantage.

By God, by God, men are our enemies, though we ourselves nurtured them

We suckled them at our breasts, and they maimed us:

We do not share peace with them.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Mumin|first=Hassan Sheikh|url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/_/9GrM0AEACAAJ?hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjC7cTmk_-JAxW1-gIHHe7ZJ4IQ8fIDegQIDhAD|title=Leopard Among the Women|publisher=United Kingdom Oxford University Press, 1974|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
&lt;/div&gt;

=== Rooble Afdeb (Rooble Afdeeb) ===
Rooble Afdeb waxa uu ahaa Halgamaa iyo Abwaan [[Soomaalida|Soomaaliyeed]] oo caan ka ahaa Gobolada Waqooyi Galbeed ee [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]] iyo [[Jabuuti]] . Waxaa la og yahay inay dhaceen oo ay weerareen degsiimooyin badan oo Ciise ah. Abwaanka iyo dagaalyahanku waa halyeey taariikhda Soomaalida ku jira, waxaana si weyn loogu yaqaanay geesinimadiisa, wuxuuna caan ku noqday ma aha oo kaliya gumeysi-diid iyo diin Islaami ah, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu caan ku noqday loolanka qabiilka.

=== Cali Bu'ul (Cali Bucul) ===
Cali Buul wuxuu ahaa hoggaamiye ciidan [[Soomaalida|oo]] caan ah iyo gabyaa ka soo jeeda gobollada Soomaali Galbeed, maanta oo ku yaal xuduudaha gobolka Soomaalida ee Itoobiya, oo loo yaqaan gabayadiisa gaaban ( ''geeraar)'', marka loo eego sadarrada dheer ee ''gabay.Geeraar'' waxaa dhaqan ahaan loogu tiriyaa fardaha xilliyada dagaalka iyo dagaalka. Gabayadiisa ugu caansan badankood ilaa maanta waa la yaqaan. Waxaa sidoo kale la ogyahay inuu gabayo kula dagaallamay hoggaamiyaha diinta Soomaaliyeed ee lagu magacaabo [[Maxamed Cabdule Xasan|Maxamed Cabdullaahi Xasan]], isla markaana uu sameeyay ereyga ''Guulwade.'' Qaar ka mid ah shuqulladii uu caanka ku ahaa waxaa ka mid ah ''Gammaan waa magac guud (Horse is a general term), Guulside (Guul-qaade)'' iyo ''Amaan Faras (In Ammaan Faraska).'' Gabayadiisa waxa kale oo ay ku qornaayeen Farta Gadabuursi. Qayb ka mid ah geeraar, ''Amaan Faras'', oo lagu soo bandhigay sawirka hoose ayaa muujinaysa shaqada lagu qoray qoraalka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Saeed|first=John|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AWhCAAAAQBAJ&amp;q=Cali+Bucul&amp;pg=PA262|title=Somali|date=15 November 1999|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing|isbn=978-90-272-8307-8|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=|first=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9TbWAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=Cali+Bucul|title=Suugaan: Fasalka labaad|date=1977|publisher=Wasaaradda Waxbarashada iyo Barbaarinta|isbn=|location=|pages=|language=so|quote=Cali Bucul: Amaan Faras}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9TbWAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=cali+bucul|title=Suugaan: Fasalka labaad|date=1977|publisher=Wasaaradda Waxbarashada iyo Barbaarinta|language=so}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5ia-sbx3h1YC&amp;q=cali+bucul|title=Aspetti dell'espressione artistica in Somalia: scrittura e letteratura, strumenti musicali, ornamenti della persona, intaglio del legno|date=1987|publisher=Università di Roma La Sapienza|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Ali_Bu'ul_(Cali_Bucul)_Poem.jpg|alt=A poem composed by Ali Bu'ul in the Gadabuursi script.|center|frameless|Gabay uu tiriyey Cali Bu'ul oo ku jira farta Gadabuursi.]]


Sawirka kore wuxuu u tarjumayaa sidan: &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Abdullahi|first=Mohamed Diriye|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Nu918tYMB8C&amp;q=ali+bu%27ul+poet&amp;pg=PA80|title=Culture and Customs of Somalia|date=2001|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-31333-2|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Juqraafiga ===
Alfred Pease (1897), oo dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19aad booqday dalka Gadabuursi, wuxuu ku tilmaamay inuu yahay dalka ugu quruxda badan ee uu booqday Somaliland:

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Waxaana sii wadnay safarkeenna waqooyi ee geeska waqooyi ee Buur'Maado iyo Simodi ilaa Aliman. Waxaan aragnay dalkan oo dhan oo ay ku nool yihiin Gadabursi, halkan oo keliya, Waqooyiga Somaliland, waxaan maalmo wada joognay durdur socda. Ma jiro qayb ka mid ah Somaliland oo aan booqday oo ka qurux badan dhulkan miyiga ah, oo ay waraabiyaan durdur ku dhawaad waayeelnimo, oo hadda ay ku hareeraysan yihiin geedo waaweyn oo lagu xardhay armo creeper, hadda waxaa ku yaal caws maroodiga cagaaran ama kaymo raaxo leh, waxaana ilaaliya buuraha kaynta iyo dhagaxa leh ee bidix iyo midig. Inta u dhaxaysa Tug ama Wady iyo buurahan, waddanku wuxuu lahaa muuqaal u eg beerta, oo leh glades furan iyo bannaanka cawska leh. Laakiin dhirta cusub iyo kuwa kala duwan ee Afrika ma ahayn shayga kaliya ee indhaha ku farxa: noocyo aan la tirin karin oo shimbiro ah, gorgorro, buzzards, Batteleur iyo gorgorro waaweyn, gorgorro, shimbiro dobie ah, orioles dahab ah, baqbaqaaqyo, paroquets, xiddigaha Soomaalida ee quruxda badan, qoolleyda nooc kasta iyo cabbir kasta leh, yar iyo weyn. Shimbiraha malabka, hoopoe-yada, jays-ka, qoolleyda cagaaran, kooxo waaweyn oo shimbiro Guinea ah, digaagga, iyo grouse-ka ciidda ah, ayaa waligood laga arki jiray gacan kasta, iyo, intii duurka uu ku urursanaa cawsha Waller iyo dik-diks, bannaanka leh gorgorka Scemmerring, oo leh oryx rushaysan, waddadayada kor u socota Tug-ga waxaa si joogto ah u mari jiray raadadka libaaxyada, maroodiyaasha, shabeellada, dhurwaayada meel walba joogta, iyo bahallada kale ee duurjoogta ah.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[Richard Francis Burton]] (1856) wuxuu ku sharraxay dhirta iyo xayawaanka dooxada Harrawa buuggiisa ''First Footsteps in East Africa'' :

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Muddo lix saacadood ah ayaan ku soconnay ballaca Dooxada Harawwah: waxaa ku daboolnaa dhir duurjoog ah, iyo biyo-mareenno dusha sare ah, kuwaas oo qaada buuraha dheeraadka ah ee ku xeeran. Meelaha qaar sariiraha durdurku waxay ku gooyeen labaatan cagood ciidda. Bannaanka waxaa ku wareegsanaa geed caano ah iyo Asclepias, Armo-creeper, noocyo kala duwan oo qodxan ah, gaar ahaan Jujube-ka jaalaha ah: halkan shimbiro aan tiro lahayn ayaa raacay balanbaalisyo baalal dhalaalaya leh, iyo &quot;Shaikhyada Indhoolayaasha,&quot; sida dadku ugu yeeraan duqsiga madow, waxay ku degeen gacmaheena iyo wejiyadeenna markii aan soconnay. Dhulka sare waxaa ku koray nooc ka mid ah cactus, kaas oo halkan noqda geed, oo sameeya waddooyin hadh leh. Laamihiisa afargeeslaha ah ee cagaarka emerald, mararka qaarkoodna afartan cagood ayuu dhererkoodu ahaa, oo ku dul taagan yahay dusha sare ee geedka berry casaanka ah ee dhalaalaya: marka beertu u dhowaato, godad qurux badan oo aad u daran ayaa ka muuqda dusha sare ee dalka... Zayla waxaa la ii sheegay in maroodiyadu ay &quot;qaro weyn yihiin sida ciidda&quot; ee Harawwah: xitaa Gudabirsi, markii uu meel fog joogay, wuxuu ku dhawaaqay inay halkaas daaqeen sidii ido oo kale, ka dib markii aanu fashilannayna, wuxuu ku dhaartay inay dileen soddon laakiin sannadkii hore.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Burton|first=Richard|url=https://archive.org/details/firstfootstepsi00burtgoog|title=First Footsteps in East Africa|publisher=Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans|year=1856|isbn=|edition=1st|quote=For six hours we rode the breadth of the Harawwah Valley: it was covered with wild vegetation, and surface-drains, that carry off the surplus of the hills enclosing it. In some places the torrent beds had cut twenty feet into the soil. The banks were fringed with milk-bush and Asclepias, the Armo-creeper, a variety of thorns, and especially the yellow-berried Jujube: here numberless birds followed bright-winged butterflies, and the &quot;Shaykhs of the Blind,&quot; as the people call the black fly, settled in swarms upon our hands and faces as we rode by. The higher ground was overgrown with a kind of cactus, which here becomes a tree, forming shady avenues. Its quadrangular fleshy branches of emerald green, sometimes forty feet high, support upon their summits large round bunches of a bright crimson berry: when the plantation is close, domes of extreme beauty appear scattered over the surface of the country... At Zayla I had been informed that elephants are &quot;thick as sand&quot; in Harawwah: even the Gudabirsi, when at a distance, declared that they fed there like sheep, and, after our failure, swore that they killed thirty but last year.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[Richard Francis Burton]] (1856) wuxuu ku sharraxayaa waxa uu dareemayo dhammaadka safarkiisa markii uu arkay buuraha buluugga ah ee [[Herer|Harar]], kuwaas oo ah asalka astaanta u ah Dooxada Harrawa buuggiisa ''First Footsteps in East Africa'' :

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Ka shisheeya, Wady Harawwah ayaa fidsanaa, god dheer oo mugdi ah oo ku yaal heerka guud. Gadaalkiisu wuxuu ahaa buuro buluug ah oo geesinimo leh, oo ah jihada labaad ee xariiqda Harar, meesha ugu sarreysa ee uu ku xidhnaa cirka galbeedna waxaa ku yaal xariiq dahab ah - Marar Prairie. Horeyba waxaan u dareemay dhammaadka safarkayga.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Burton|first=Richard|url=https://archive.org/details/firstfootstepsi00burtgoog|title=First Footsteps in East Africa|publisher=Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans|year=1856|isbn=|edition=1st|quote=Beyond it stretched the Wady Harawwah, a long gloomy hollow in the general level. The background was a bold sweep of blue hill, the second gradient of the Harar line, and on its summit closing the western horizon lay a golden streak--the Marar Prairie. Already I felt at the end of my journey.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[Richard Francis Burton]] (1856) wuxuu ku tilmaamay dooxada Abasa ee dalka Gadabuursi inay ka mid tahay meelaha ugu quruxda badan ee uu arkay:

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Sadexdii iyo badhkii markii aan dib u buuxinaynay waxaan raacnay waddada Dooxada Abbaso, oo ah meeshii ugu quruxda badnayd ee aan weli aragnay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, joogitaanka aadanaha waxaa lagu tilmaamay laamaha qodxanta ee la jaray ee ku dul yaal sariirta: waxaan sidoo kale xusnay, raadadka libaaxyada ay eryanayaan ugaarsatada, iyo xariijimaha masaska ee soo noqnoqda, mararka qaarkoodna dhexroorkoodu yahay shan inji.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Burton|first=Richard|url=https://archive.org/details/firstfootstepsi00burtgoog|title=First Footsteps in East Africa|publisher=Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans|year=1856|isbn=|edition=1st|quote=At half past three reloading we followed the course of the Abbaso Valley, the most beautiful spot we had yet seen. The presence of mankind, however, was denoted by the cut branches of thorn encumbering the bed: we remarked too, the tracks of lions pursued by hunters, and the frequent streaks of serpents, sometimes five inches in diameter.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Sannadkii 1885, Frank Linsly James wuxuu sharraxay booqashadii Kabtan Stewart King ee Buurta Eilo ee caanka ah ee ku taal dalka Gadabuursi ee [[Degmada Lughaya]] halkaas oo dadkii u dhashay Gadabuursi ay u sheegeen haraadiga magaalooyinkii hore:
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Dadka deegaanka ayaa u sheegay in buurta la yiraahdo Ailo oo qiyaastii saddex maalmood u jirta koonfur-bari ee Saylac, ay ku jireen haraadiga magaalooyinkii hore, oo si weyn loo dhisay guryo... Wuxuu rajaynayay inuu awoodo inuu booqdo. Dalka oo dhan oo koonfur-bari ka xiga Saylac, oo ay deggan yihiin qabiilka Gadabursi, weligii ma uusan sahamin Yurub. Waxaa sidoo kale buurta Ailo ku jiray god caan ah, kaas oo loogu tilmaamay inuu leeyahay albaab yar oo qiyaastii saddex cagood u jira dhulka hortiisa dhagaxa dhagaxa ah. Wuxuu la hadlay laba ama saddex nin oo gudaha ku jiray. Waxay sheegeen inay fuuleen oo ay si dhib leh uga soo galeen albaabka yar; ka dibna waxay hoos u degeen tallaabooyin waxayna isku arkeen god weyn oo ay ku jiraan durdur biyo ah oo dhex mara, laakiin mugdi ah. Sheeko ayaa laga sheegay nin Soomaali ah oo mar galay godka oo lumiyay jidkiisii. Si uu u hago dadkii waxay shideen dab dibadda ah, wuuna soo baxay oo wuxuu ka sheekeeyay sheekooyin aad u yaab badan, isagoo sheegay inuu halkaas ka helay qowmiyad rag ah oo aan waligood ka bixin godka, laakiin lahaa xoolo iyo xoolo.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N1jkuyk5RyYC|title=A Journey Through the Somali Country to the Webbe Shebeyli (1885)|date=2 February 1885|publisher=Church Missionary Society|page=645|quote=The natives had told him that in the hill called Ailo about three days' march south-east from Zeila, there were remains of ancient cities, and substantially built houses... He hoped to be able to visit them. The whole country south-east of Zeila, inhabited by the Gadabursi tribe, had never yet been explored by a European. There was also in the hill Ailo a celebrated cave, which had been described to him as having a small entrance about three feet from the ground in the face of the limestone cliff. He had spoken to two or three men who had been inside it. They stated that they climbed up and entered with difficulty through the small opening; they then went down some steps and found themselves in an immense cave with a stream of water running through it, but pitch dark. A story was told of a Somali who once went into the cave and lost his way. In order to guide him out the people lighted fires outside, and he came out and told most extraordinary tales, stating that he found a race of men there who never left the cave, but had flocks and herds.|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Sannadkii 1886kii ayuu Janaraal iyo Caawiyihii Siyaasadda ee Ingriiska ee [[Saylac]], Boqorka JS, oo socdaal ku maray xeebta ku dhow Khor Kulangarit, Laan Cawaale oo ka tirsan [[degmada Lughaya]], wuxuu sii maray qabrigii caanka ahaa ee 'Sharmaarke ee gaashaanka cad', hoggaamiye caan ah oo Gadabuursi ah, abwaan, oday iyo awoowe u ahaa Suldaanka Guud ee Beesha Bahabar10. magaalada [[Lughaya]] :
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Wax yar ka dib markii aan dhaafnay sariirta webiga weyn, oo la odhan jiray Barregid, waxaan ku hakanay nus saac meel ay ku yaalleen godad waaweyn oo badan sida harooyinka qalalan, laakiin waxaa la ii sheegay in biyaha roobku aysan ku sii jirin wakhti kasta. Meel u dhow, oo ku taal dhul kor u kaca ah, waxaa ku yaallay xabaal yar oo ay ku wareegsan yihiin xayndaab wareegsan oo geedo la jaray ah. Waxa ugu caansan qabuuraha dhexdooda waxaa ka mid ahaa Sharmãrké, Gãshân 'Ada (Sharmãrké ee Gaashaanka Cad), oo ahaa oday caan ah oo ka tirsan qaybta Bah Habr Músa ee Gadabúrsi, kaasoo dhintay qiyaastii 20 sano ka hor. Qabriga waxaa ku wareegsanaa looxyo dhagax lithographic ah oo qurux badan oo laga keenay Eilo, waxaana lagu daboolay qolof badeed oo laga keenay xeebta, ugu yaraan 10 mayl.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

Sannadkii 1887, gabyaa Faransiis ah iyo safar, Arthur Rimbaud, ayaa booqday dhul xeebeedka [[Dhulka Biritishka ee Somaliland|British Somaliland]] halkaas oo uu ku tilmaamay gobolka u dhexeeya [[Saylac]] iyo [[Bulaxaar|Bulhar]] inuu qayb ka yahay dalka Gadabuursi, iyadoo qabiilku uu ku fidsanaa Sabawanaag oo ku [[Degmada Lughaya|taal Degmada Lughaya]] ee maanta:
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Seyla, Berbera, iyo Bulhar waxay ku jiraan gacanta Ingiriiska, iyo sidoo kale Gacanka Samawanak, oo ku teedsan xeebta Gadiboursi, inta u dhaxaysa Sayla iyo Bulhar, meeshii uu wakiilkii ugu dambeeyay ee qunsuliyadda Faransiiska ee Sayla, M. Henry, ku beeray saddex-midabka, qabiilka Gadiboursi laftoodu waxay codsadeen ilaalinteena, taas oo had iyo jeer la jecel yahay. Dhammaan sheekooyinkan ku saabsan ku biiridda ama ilaalinta ayaa kiciyay maskaxda xeebtan labadii sano ee la soo dhaafay.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a_0aAQAAIAAJ|title=From Absinthe to Abyssinia selected miscellaneous, obscure and previously untranslated works of Jean-Nicolas-Arthur Rimbaud (2002)|date=2 February 2024|publisher=Creative Arts Book Company|isbn=978-0-88739-293-1|page=98|quote=Zeila, Berbera, and Bulhar remain in English hands, as well as the Bay of Samawanak, along the Gadiboursi coast, between Zeila and Bulhar, the place where the last French consular agent in Zeila, M. Henry, had planted the tricolor, the Gadiboursi tribe themselves having requested our protection, which is always enjoyed. All these stories of annexation or protection have been stirring up the minds along this coast these last two years.|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Reeraha Beesha==
Marka la qeybinayo ama la kala dhigaayo beesha, reeraha beesha Gadabuursi waxaaa loo kala saaraa, guud ahaan, [[3|sadex waaxood]]&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;beesha Gadabuursi waxaaa loo kala saaraa, guud ahaan, [[3|sadex waaxood]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; kuwaasi oo kala ah:

:1. [[Beesha Habar Cafaan]]: beesha Habar Cafaan sidoo kale lagu naaneyso (HC) waa mid ka mid ah sadexda rukun ee beel-weynta Gadabuursi, waxayna ka kooban tahay [[12|labo iyo toban qabiil]] ama reerood.

:2. [[Makaahiil|Beesha Makaahiil]]: beesha Makaahiil waa ta ugu balaadhan uguna badan beelaha gudabursi waax ka mid ah sadexda rukun ee Samaroonka, waxayna guud ahaan u kala baxaan 15 qabiil ama reerood.

:3. [[Beesha Maxamed Case]]: beesha Maxamed Case oo ah curadka makadoor waa rukun ka mid ah sadexda tiir ee beel-weynta [[Samaroon]] kuwaasi oo deegaan ku ah dhulka iyo deegaanada ugu balaadhan awdal iyo xeebta [[Bada Cas]] ee gobolka [[Awdal]]. Beesha Maxamed Case waxaa loo kala saaraa [[11|kow iyo toban qabiil]] ama reerood.

==Juquraafiga Deegaanada==
Guud ahaan Beesha Gadabuursi waxay degaan ku yihiin oo asal ahaan ka soo jeedaan; deegaanadan: 
*[[Somaliland]]
**[[Awdal|Gobolka Awdal]]
**[[Salal|Gobolka Salal]]
**[[Gebiley]]
*[[Itoobiya]]
**Deegaanka [[Awbare]]
**Deegaanka Dembel
**Deegaanka Dharwanaaje
**Deegaanka [[Jigjiga]]
**Deegaanka Gursum
**Deegaanka Ajersagaro
**Harar
**Dirre-Dhabe
**Killidhka Shanaad
*[[Djibouti]]
**[[Jabuuti]]
**Deegaanka Carta
*[[Eritrea]]
**Gobolka Dubub(Gadafur)

== Waxbarashada ==
Beesha Samaroon ama Gadabuursi waxay caan ku yihiin [[waxbarasho|waxbarashada]], ayagoo loo yaqaano '''[[Dad]]kii [[Aqoon]]ta [[Soomaaliyeed]]''', isla markaana deegaanadooda iyo dhulka ay ku nool yihiin lagu magaaco '''Hoygii Waxbarashada'''.
Sababta [[magac]]yadaasi iyo naanaysahaasi loogu bixiyay waa mid qoto dheer, salkana ku heeysa heerka [[aqoon]]t, [[cilmi]]ga iyo [[waxbarasho]]da beesha Gadabuursi.

Isku soo wada duuboo, Magaalada [[Borama]] oo kali ah waxaa ku yaala [[tiro|tiro badan]] oo jaamacado ah, uguna horeeyso [[kow|jaamacadii kowaad]] ee laga furo cariga [[Soomaaliyeed]] ka dib dagaaladii sokeeye, waa [[Jaamacada Camuud]]; sidoo kale waxaa ku taala Jaamacada Eelo American; [[tiro]] ka badan [[20]] Dugsi Sare; iyo [[boqol]]aal [[dugsi]]yo hoose iyo dhexe iskugu jira.
Intaasi waxaa dheer, beeshu aad ayay ugu wanaagsan tahay barashada [[diin]]ta [[Islaam]]ka.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[[Jaamacada Camuud]]; [[Jaamacada Eelo American]]; [[tiro]] ka badan [[20]] [[Dugsi Sare]]; iyo [[Boqol|boqolaal]] [[Dugsi|dugsiyo]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
Deeganada sida gaarka ah ay u leeyihiin beesha [[Samaroon]]ku ee wadanka [[Somaliland]] iyo [[Itoobiya]] waxaa ku yaala [[dugsi]]yo [[waxbarsho]] oo [[taariikh]]i ah. Dugsiyadaas oo ay ka soo qalin jabiyeen [[aqoon]]yahano badan, hogaamiyayaal badan, indheergarad badan oo [[maanta]] ku kala faafsan [[duni]]da hareeraheda iyagoo qabiil kasta leh.

==Shakhsiyaadka Caanka ah ==

Sida ku xusan [[taariikh]]da, beesha Samaroonka waxaa ka dhashay tiro badan oo geesiyo, [[dagaal]]yahano, siyaasiyiin, hogaamiyayaal, [[aqoon]]yahano, indheergarad, [[cilmi|culimo diin]], [[gabay]]aa, fanaaniin [[hees]]aa iyo [[madax]] kale oo caan ka dhex ah shacabka [[Soomaaliyeed]] iyo dhamaan dunida oo dhan. Dadkaasi aan soo sheegnay waxaa ka mid ah:


*Muuse rabiile* good oo ahaa shakhsigi keenay gobalka Awdal in uu noqdo gobol 

* [[Ato Xuseen Ismaciil]], Somali ugu horeysay wasiir, safiir , gudoomiye iyo badhasaab ka mid noqday dalka [[Itoobiya]]
* [[imaam axmed guray|Imaam Axmed Guray]] dagaalyahan iyo hogaamiye [[Saldanadii Cadal]]
* [[Raage Ugaas]] oo ahaa [[gabay]]aa caan ah oo ka tirsanaa [[qoys]]ka [[boqor]]tooyada ee Ugaasyada
* Rooble Afdeeb oo ahaa geesi iyo dagaalyahan wakhtiyo hore aha
* [[Ugaas Nuur Ugaas Rooble]] hogaamiye [[Saldanadii Cadal|boqortooyadii Ugaasyada Gadabuursiga]]
*[[Sheekh Yuusuf Al Kawnayn|Sheekh Yuusuf bin Axmed Al-kawneyn]] oo ahaa sheekhii Alifay Higaada Qur'aanka ee ay Sooomalida Isticmaasho Waana sheekhii Alifay Alif wax maleh BA hoos kale,sido kale aha qayb ka tirsan sandalidihi Saylac soo maamulay ee kala aha [[Saldanadii Cadal|saldanadii cadal]] iyo [[Saldanadi Ifat|saldanadii ifat]] sido kale aha sheekh diinta dawladdo badan gaadhsiiyey.
*[[Suldaan_ibrahim_jama_samater]]* oo ahaa Suldaan ka mid ah Salaadiinta gadbuursi kuwooga ugu magac dheer leh
* [[Daahir Rayaale Kaahin]] oo ahaa madaxweynihii 3aad ahna aabaha dimuqraadiyada [[Somaliland]].
* [[Cabdi Xasan Buuni]] oo ahaa ra'iisal-wasaare-ku-xigeenkii labaad ee dowladii [[Aadan Cabdulle Cusmaan|Aadan Cade]] [[sanad|sanadkii 1960meeyihii]], wakhti ka dib na ahaa wasiirka labada Gole ee [[Somaliland]]
* Jeneraal Xuseen Jodhob oo ahaa hogaanka Ciidamada Asaluunta [[Somaliland]] iyo ku-xigeenka Ciidamada Asluubta ee dowladii [[Maxamed Siyaad Barre|Jaale Siyaad Bare]] ee [[Soomaaliya]]
* Cabdiraxmaan aw cali faarax, madax wayne ku xigeen kii ugu horeeyey Somaliland
* [[Cabdiraxmaan Saylici]], madaxweyne ku-xigeenka dawladda [[Somaliland]]
* [[Sheekh Muuse Jaamac Goodaad]], suldaan iyo xubin ka tirsan [[Golaha Guurtida Somaliland|Golaha Guurtida]] [[Somaliland]]
* Jeneraal Yuusuf Tallan Cali, hogaamiye ciidanka Xooga Soomaliya
* Jaamac Saylici, hogaamiye xisbi mucaaradka iyo siyaasi [[Jabuuti]]
* Xaaji Jibriil Jilane oo ahaa siyaasigii ugu muhiim sanaa ee [[Faransiis]]ku ku dileen [[Jabuuti]]
* Ismaaciil Cabdilaahi Suge &quot;Sowtal-carab&quot; oo ka mid ahaa hogaamiyayaashi u dagaalamay xornimada dalka [[Jabuuti]]
* [[Cabdi Sinimo|Cabdi Deeq Cabdi Sinimo]] oo ahaa [[aabe|aabaha]] [[Suugaan|fanka iyo suugaanta]] [[Soomaaliyeed]], kaasi oo sameeyay [[hees]]ihii ugu horeeyay ee muusig leh ee af-[[Soomaali]] lagu qaado.
* Khaddiija Ciye Dharaar oo lagu naanaysi jirey “Khaddiija Balwo” oo ahayd [[hooyo|hooyada]] balwada iyo aasaaska fanka [[Soomaaliyeed]], waana qoftii [[dumar]] ah ee heesta tii ugu horeysay.
* [[Xasan Sheekh Mumin]], abwaan, qoraa iyo halabuur Soomaaliyeed
* Professor Axmed Ismaciil Samatar oo lagu tiriyo dadka ugu [[aqoon]]ta sareeya ee [[Soomaali]]da.
iyo walaalki Abdi ismail samater oo isna la shahaado ah isga
* Professor Cabdi Ismaaciil Samatar
* Prof. Saleebaan Axmed Guuleed - Gudomiyaha [[Jaamacada Camuud]] ee ku taala magaalada [[Borama]]
* Ahmed Wali Furinle - Muusikayste caan ka ah Geeeska Afrika
* [[Samaroon Cumar Geedi]], aqoonyahanki qoray buugga &quot;&quot;Magacda iyo Muqaalka Kalluunka&quot;&quot;

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
*[[Soomaali|Beelaha Soomaalida]]
*[[Beesha reer maxamed Maxad case|Beesha reer Maxamed]]

== Ugaasyada ama Boqortooyada Gadabuursi ==
[[File:Adal.PNG|thumb|[[Saldanadii Cadal|Saldanadii Adal]] oo inta badan qayb ka ahayd dhulka Gadabuursi iyo qabsashadii Xabashida oo ay gacan ka geysteen.]]
Qoyska boqortooyada ee Gadabuursi waxay ka soo baxeen oo ay noqdeen boqortooyo dhaxal u noqotay [[Saldanadii Cadal]] iyo [[Saldanadii Cadal|Saldanadii Harar]] .  Ughaz (Ugaas) kii ugu horeeyey ee boqortooyaddan dhaxal-siisay, Cali Makail Dera (Cali [[Makayl-Dheere|Makayl-dheere]] ) waxa dhalay Makail-dheere, oo ahaa abtigii [[Makayl-Dheere|Makayl-dheere]] .  Dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19aad, markii gobolku uu ku hoos jiray xukunkii gumeysiga, Ughaz wuxuu qaatay hoggaan dhaqameed iyo mid dhaqameed oo qabiilka ah. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Gadabuursi waxay Boqorkooda u bixiyeen magaca Ughaz. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lewis 204&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lewis|first=I. M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yoMBQCr4LysC|title=A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa|date=1 January 1961|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|isbn=9783825830847|location=|pages=204|language=en|via=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waa erey Soomaali ah oo dhab ah oo loogu talagalay ''Boqor'' ama ''Suldaan'' . Gaar ahaan Gadabuursigu waa mid ka mid ah qabaa'ilka leh dhaqan dheer oo ku saabsan hay'adda Suldaanka. &lt;ref name=&quot;:42&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Westermann|first=Diedrich|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nlIqAQAAIAAJ|title=Africa|last2=Smith|first2=Edwin William|last3=Forde|first3=Cyril Daryll|date=1 January 2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=|location=|page=230|language=en|via=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Taariikh Boqortooyada Gadabuursi ===
Ugaaskii ugu horeeyey ee Gadabuursi waxa uu ahaa Ughaz Cali Makail Dera (Cali [[Makayl-Dheere|Makayl-dheere]] ) oo ah ustaadkii beesha Reer Ughaz (Reer Ugaas) ee ay reer boqor ka tirsan yihiin.

Ughaz Cali Makayl-dheere (Cali [[Makayl-Dheere|Makayl-dheere]] ) oo ku dhashay 1575-kii, kuna dhashay Dhoobo, oo ka tirsan deegaanka Dhoobo, ee waqooyi kaga beegan magaalada [[Boorama]] ee waqooyi-galbeed [[Soomaaliland|ee Somaliland]], ayaa la diiwaan-geliyay inuu jab xooggan u geystay ciidamadii Oromada ee Gaalaha ee ku sugnaa Nabadiid. 

IM Lewis (1959) wuxuu iftiimiyay in Gadabuursi ay isku dhaceen Galla xilligii uu talada hayay Ughaz Cali Makail Dera, intii lagu jiray iyo ka dib ololihii ka dhanka ahaa [[Boqortooyada itoobiya|Masiixiyiinta Xabashida]] :
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Ololahan si cad ayay uga soo horjeedeen Masiixiyiinta Xabashida, laakiin waxay u muuqataa in taariikhda ay Gadabuursigu sidoo kale la dagaallamayeen Galla. Hoggaamiye dambe oo qabiilka ka tirsanaa, Ugaas 'Cali Makahil, oo ku dhashay 1575 Dobo, oo waqooyi ka xigta magaalada hadda ee Boorama ee galbeedka Maxmiyadda Ingiriiska, ayaa la diiwaan geliyay inuu jab xooggan u geystay ciidamada Galla ee Nabadiid, oo ah tuulo ku taal Maxmiyadda.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ughaz Nuur I, oo la caleemo saaray 1698-kii, waxa uu guursaday Faaya Caale Boore oo ay dhashay Boqorkii iyo Caaqilkii caanka ahaa ee [[Oromo|Oromada]], Caale Boore.  Ughaz Nuur I iyo Faaya Caale Boore waxay u dhashay Ughaz Hiraab iyo Ughaz Shirdoon, oo markii dambe kala noqday Ughaz 6aad iyo 7aad. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Caale Boore waxa uu ahaa Boqor caan ah [[Oromo|oo Oromo ah]], guushii uu kii hore ka gaadhay kuwii danbe waxa ay ka dhigan tahay isbedel taariikhi ah oo soo afjaray awooddii [[Oromo|Oromada]] ee Gobolka Hararghe. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Gadabuursi waxay ku guulaysteen inay jabiyaan oo dilaan boqorkii [[Oromo|Oromada]] ee xigay Aale Boore xiligii Ughaz Rooble kow oo la caleemo saaray 1817kii. Waxaa la sheegay in intii uu xukunka hayay qabiilka Gadabuursi ay saameyn weyn iyo meel sare ka gaareen gobolka, iyagoo ku guuleystay inay ka adkaadaan Boqorkii Galla/ [[Oromo|Oromada]] ee xilligaas oo magaciisa la oran jiray Nuuno taasoo dhaawac ku keentay niyadda Galla, sababtoo ah Boqorkoodii aadka loo jeclaa oo la dilay. Waxaa ka adkaaday Geedi Bahdoon, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Geedi Malable. Wuxuu waran ka dhuftay boqorka isagoo hor taagan geed, warankiina geedka dhexdiisa ayuu ka muday taasoo ka dhigtay in Boqorku uusan baxsan karin ama uusan ka saari karin waranka. Ka dib markii uu dhintay waxaa lagu aasay meel hadda loo yaqaan Qabri Nuuno oo u dhow Sheedheer .  

Ughaz Rooble I wuxuu geeriyooday 1848-kii, waxaana lagu aasay deegaan la yiraahdo Dhehroor (Dhexroor) oo ka tirsan Dooxada Harrawa . Waxay noqotay caadada Soomaalida ka dib Ughaz Roble I in mar kasta oo Ughaz la caleemo saaro oo roob da'o, loo bixiyo Ughaz Roble, taasoo macneheedu yahay 'kan roobka leh' ama 'sameeyaha roobka'.

[[Ugaas Nuur Ugaas Rooble|Ughaz Nuur II]] wuxuu ku dhashay [[Saylac]] sannadkii 1835, waxaana lagu caleemo saaray Bagi sannadkii 1848. Markuu yaraa, wuxuu jeclaa fuulista fardaha, ugaarsiga iyo farshaxanka dhaqanka wuxuuna xifdisan jiray tiro badan oo maahmaahyo, sheekooyin iyo gabayo ah. 

Ugu dambeyntii, Ughaz Nur II wuxuu sameeyay kaydkiisa gaarka ah ee odhaahyada, gabayada iyo sheekooyinka ilaa maanta la soo xiganayo. Wuxuu si qoto dheer u yaqaanay ''[[Xeer|xeerka]]'' dhaqanka ee Gadabuursi, wuxuuna wax ka beddelay ama ku daray ''xeer'' cusub intii uu xukunka hayay. Wuxuu caan ku ahaa inuu si caddaalad ah ula macaamilo saaxiib iyo shisheeye labadaba. Waxaa la sheegay inuu ahaa Gadabuursi Ughaz-kii ugu horreeyay ee soo bandhigay ilaalo iyo askar ku hubaysan fallaadho iyo qaansooyin. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|page=247|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Intii uu xukunka hayay Ughaz Nur II, [[Masar]] iyo [[Itoobiya]] labaduba waxay ku tartamayeen awood iyo awood sare oo ka jirta [[Geeska Afrika (goob)|Geeska Afrika]] . Awoodaha gumeysiga Yurub ayaa sidoo kale ku tartamayay dhulal istaraatiiji ah iyo dekedo ku yaal [[Geeska Afrika (goob)|Geeska Afrika]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|page=247|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFMukhtar2003&quot;&gt;Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003). [https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf ''Historical Dictionary of Somalia''] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Scarecrow Press. p.&amp;nbsp;247. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780810866041|&lt;bdi&gt;9780810866041&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 1876, [[Masar]] oo adeegsanaysa diinta Islaamka oo ah heshiis gorgortan ah ayaa heshiis la saxiixatay Ughaz Nur II waxayna timid inay qabsato xeebta Waqooyiga Soomaaliya oo ay ku jirto [[Saylac]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|page=247|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFMukhtar2003&quot;&gt;Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003). [https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf ''Historical Dictionary of Somalia''] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Scarecrow Press. p.&amp;nbsp;247. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780810866041|&lt;bdi&gt;9780810866041&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Laakiin Masriyiintu waxay sidoo kale qabsadeen magaalada [[Herer|Harar]] iyo wadada safarka ee Harar-Zeila-Berbera.

[[File:TRAITÉ_DE_PROTECTORAT_SUR_LES_TERRITOIRES_DU_PAYS_DES_GADA-BOURSIS.jpg|alt=PROTECTORATE TREATY ON THE TERRITORIES OF THE GADABUURSI COUNTRY|thumb|Heshiiskii Ilaalinta ee u dhexeeyay [[Faransiiska]] iyo Gadabuursi, oo lagu saxiixay [[Saylac]], 25 Maarso 1885. ]]

25kii Maarso 1885, dawladda Faransiisku waxay sheegtay inay heshiis la gashay Ughaz Nur II oo ka tirsanaa Gadabuursi, taasoo xeebta iyo gudaha dalka Gadabuursi hoos geysay ilaalada Faransiiska. Heshiiskii ciwaankiisu ahaa Faransiis, ''Traitè de Protectorat sur les Territoires du pays des Gada-Boursis'', waxa saxeexay J. Henry, Wakiilka Qunsuliyada ee Faransiiska iyo Ku-tiirsanaanta ee Harar-Zeila, iyo Nuur Robleh, Ughaz ee Gadabuursi, ee Saylac 9 Djemmad 1305, March 8, 18. Heshiisku wuxuu u qoran yahay sidan soo socota (oo laga soo tarjumay Faransiis):

Faransiisku waxay ku andacoodeen in heshiiska ay la galeen Ughaz-ka Gadabuursi uu siiyay awood ay ku maamulaan xeebta Saylac oo dhan iyo dalka Gadabuursi. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Hess|first=Robert L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OmZ1AAAAMAAJ|title=Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Ethiopian Studies, Session B, April 13-16, 1978, Chicago, USA|publisher=Office of Publications Services, University of Illinois at Chicago Circle|year=1979}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Ingiriisku wuxuu isku dayay inuu beeniyo heshiiskan dhexmaray Faransiiska iyo Gadabuursi isagoo ku sababeeyay in Ughaz uu wakiil ka ahaa [[Saylac]] markii Gadabuursi ay heshiis la saxiixdeen Ingiriiska bishii Diseembar 1884. Ingiriisku waxay tuhunsanaayeen in heshiiskan uu sameeyay Wakiilka Qunsuliyadda Faransiiska iyo kuwa ku tiirsan Harrar-Zeila si uu uga gudbo awoodda Ingiriiska ee dalka Gadabuursi una oggolaado Faransiiska inuu sheegato qaybo ka mid ah xeebaha Soomaaliya. Waxaa sidoo kale jiray shaki ah in Ughaz Nur II uu isku dayay inuu abuuro khilaaf diblomaasiyadeed oo u dhexeeya dowladaha Ingiriiska iyo Faransiiska si uu awooddiisa gobolka ugu xoojiyo. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Hess|first=Robert L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OmZ1AAAAMAAJ|title=Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Ethiopian Studies, Session B, April 13-16, 1978, Chicago, USA|publisher=Office of Publications Services, University of Illinois at Chicago Circle|year=1979}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFHess1979&quot;&gt;Hess, Robert L. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=OmZ1AAAAMAAJ ''Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Ethiopian Studies, Session B, April 13-16, 1978, Chicago, USA'']. Office of Publications Services, University of Illinois at Chicago Circle.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Sida laga soo xigtay IM Lewis, heshiiskani wuxuu si cad u saameeyay kala-soocidda xuduudaha u dhexeeya labada dal ee ilaaliya, isagoo magaalada xeebta ah ee [[Jabuuti (magaalo)|Jabuuti]] ka dhigay caasimadda rasmiga ah ee mustaqbalka ee gumeysiga Faransiiska:

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Dhammaadkii 1885, Britain waxay isu diyaarinaysay inay iska caabiso soo degitaankii la filayay ee Faransiiska ee Zeila. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, taa beddelkeeda, go'aan xoog ah, labada dhinacba hadda way ku heshiiyeen inay wada xaajoodaan. Natiijadu waxay ahayd heshiis Anglo-Faransiis ah oo dhacay 1888 kaas oo qeexay xuduudaha labada maxmiyadood inay u dhexeeyaan Zeila iyo Jibuti: afar sano ka dib dekedda dambe waxay noqotay caasimadda rasmiga ah ee gumeysiga Faransiiska.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lewis|first=I. M.|url=https://arcadia.sba.uniroma3.it/bitstream/2307/4110/1/A%20modern%20history%20of%20Somalia.pdf|title=A Modern History of Somalia|publisher=Westview Press|year=1988|quote=By the end of 1885 Britain was preparing to resist an expected French landing at Zeila. Instead, however, of a decision by force, both sides now agreed to negotiate. The result was an Anglo-French agreement of 1888 which defined the boundaries of the two protectorates as between Zeila and Jibuti: four years later the latter port became the official capital of the French colony.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=== Harar sanadkii 1887 ===
Ughaz Nur II wuxuu aaday [[Masar]] wuxuuna la kulmay Ismaaciil Pasha, Khedive-kii Masar, kaasoo ku sharfay bilado iyo hadiyado qaali ah. Reer Ughaz halkaas waxay saxiixeen heshiis ay ku aqbalayaan ilaalinta Masar ee Muslimiinta ku nool Somaliland iyo Itoobiya. &lt;ref name=&quot;Mukhtar 248&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DPwOsOcNy5YC&amp;q=dictionary+of+somalia&amp;pg=PA291|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|location=|pages=248|language=en|quote=|via=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sida laga soo xigtay IM Lewis, waxaa sidoo kale la siiyay hub iyo hub kale. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lewis|first=I. M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XVgrDwAAQBAJ|title=A Modern History of the Somali Nation|date=2013|publisher=Ohio University Press|isbn=9780821445730|location=|pages=368|language=en|quote=|via=}}&lt;/ref&gt;Sannadkii 1884, laba sano ka dib markii Ingiriisku qabsaday Masar, Ingiriisku wuxuu sidoo kale qabsaday dhulalka Masar, gaar ahaan xeebta waqooyi ee Soomaaliya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Ughaz Nur II wax xiriir ah lama lahan Ingiriiska, ilaa iyo inta aysan faragelin xukunkiisa, caadooyinka dadkiisa, iyo waddooyinkooda ganacsi. &lt;ref name=&quot;Mukhtar 248&quot; /&gt;Ughaz Nur II wuxuu xiriir adag la sameeyay Amiirkii [[Herer|Harar]], Cabdalla II ibnu Cali . Sannadkii 1887-kii, markii [[Herer|Harar]] uu qabsaday Menelik II ee Itoobiya, Ughaz Nuur II wuxuu u soo diray Gadabuursi askartii gadabuursi si ay u taageeraan Cabdallah II ibn Cali &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|page=247|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFMukhtar2003&quot;&gt;Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003). [https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf ''Historical Dictionary of Somalia''] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Scarecrow Press. p.&amp;nbsp;247. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780810866041|&lt;bdi&gt;9780810866041&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;, taariikh kale oo taariikhi ahna, isaga laftiisa ayaa ka qayb qaatay dagaalka.  [[Herer|Harar]] si rasmi ah ayay ugu dhacday gacanta Menelik sanadkii 1887. 

Ughaz Nur II wuxuu markii hore ku jiray boos gaar ah oo faa'iido leh, waayo waddada safarka ee [[Herer|Harar]] ma ahayn oo keliya inay dhex maraysay dhulka qabiilka Gadabuursi, laakiin Gadabuursiga wakhtigaas qayb ahaan way beeranayeen oo aad bay u fududahay in la xakameeyo oo la canshuuro. Haddana sababtan awgeed, ka dib Heshiiskii Anglo-Masar ee 1897, Ughaz Nur II, oo ahaa nin aragti fog leh, wuxuu sameeyay wax kasta oo uu awoodo si uu uga hortago in dadkiisu ay beeraan, waayo wuxuu ogaaday inay hoos geyn doonto maamulka Amxaariga ee [[Herer|Harar]] laga aasaasay. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wright|first=A.C.A|url=https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA19376812_592|title=The Inter-action of various systems of Law and Custom in British Somaliland and their relation with social life|date=1943|publisher=African Geographical Review|page=77|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;Colonel Stace (1893) wuxuu xusay in Xabashidu ay ku sii qulqulayeen dhulka Gadabuursi ee [[Herer|Harar]] u dhow:
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Xabashida ka timid Harar ayaa si isa soo taraysa ugu soo duulaysa dalka Gadabuursi, sida aan filayay waxay noqon doontaa natiijada qabsashadii Biyo Kaboba ee aan la iska hor imaan. Waxaan ka baqayaa inay degenaansho joogto ah ka sameeyaan Dooxada Harrawa halkaas oo duullaanka iyo xooggu ay ku sii fidsan doonaan ilaa Protectorate.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ras Makonnen wuxuu warqad u diray Kornayl EV Stace isagoo ka cabanaya in Gadabuursi ay bilaabeen inay weeraraan dhammaan safarrada soo galaya [[Herer|Harar]], waxayna beeniyeen qorshe ay ku weerari lahaayeen Gadabuursi:

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Laga soo bilaabo - RAS MAKUNAN, Amiirka Harrar iyo Ku-tiirsanaantiisa,
Ku socota COLONEL EV STACE, Wakiilka Siyaasadda iyo Qunsulka, Xeebta Soomaaliyeed...

Dhanka Gadabuursiga, waxay had iyo jeer ku xadgudbaan oo dhacaan dadka safarka ah ee yimaada Harrar. Tan kaama qarinayno. Falka qabiilkani waa mid aad u waxyeello badan oo dhib badan u geysta dadka oo dhan maadaama ay si aan sabab lahayn u dhacaan dadka safarka ah. Wixii aad qortay ee ku saabsan weerar ay damacsanaayeen qaar ka mid ah askarteennu (Gadabursi), kama warqabno sababtoo ah waan maqnayn. Kahor inta aan la qaadin tallaabooyinka noocaas ah, waan kula tashan lahayn.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ras Makonnen, oo dhawaan loo magacaabay Badhasaabka Itoobiya ee [[Herer|Harar]], ayaa u soo jeediyay ilaalinta Gadabuursi si ay ula shaqeeyaan. Ughaz Nur II wuu diiday oo wuxuu la dagaallamay dhul-ballaarintii Itoobiya ilaa uu ka dhintay 1898. Ughaz Nuur II waxa lagu aasay Dirri. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|page=247|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFMukhtar2003&quot;&gt;Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003). [https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf ''Historical Dictionary of Somalia''] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Scarecrow Press. p.&amp;nbsp;247. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780810866041|&lt;bdi&gt;9780810866041&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Shaqadiisu waxay ahayd welina lagu dhigaa fasallada Maansada Soomaaliyeed ( ''Suugaan: Fasalka Koobaad'' ) oo uu ka mid yahay abwaannada kale ee Soomaaliyeed. Gabayadiisa waxa kale oo ay ku qornaayeen Farta Gadabuursi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4DbWAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=ugaas+nuur|title=Suugaan: Fasalka koowaad|date=1976|publisher=Wasaaradda Waxbarashada iyo Barbaarinta|language=so}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

[[File:Ugaas_Nuur_poem_in_the_Gadabuursi_Script.jpg|alt=A poem by Ugaas Nuur in the Gadabuursi Script|center|frameless|Gabay Ugaas Nuur oo ku jira Qoraalka Gadabuursi]]


Philipp Paulitschke (1893) wuxuu ka faallooday gabayga kor ku xusan:
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Gabaygani waa tusaale muujinaya farshaxanka casriga ah ee gabdhaha Soomaaliyeed, kuwa Soomaaliyeed ay ku heesayeen gudaha dalka Gadaburssi markii la ogaaday in Ugâs Nûr Roble, oo ahaa amiirkii hore ee dhulka, lagu xiray Saylac iyo siyaasi weyn oo qabiilka ah, Elmi Worfa oo u magacaabay Ugâs ka tirsan Gadaburssi-Somâl dowladda Ingiriisku.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z6mRArcJ2ZsC|title=Die geistige cultur der Danâkil, Galla und Somâl, nebst nachträgen zur materiellen cultur dieser völker|date=2 February 1896|publisher=Johnson Reprint|page=171|quote=This poem is an example of the improvisational art of the Somâl, Somâl girls were singing in the interior of the Gadaburssi country when it became known that Ugâs Nûr Roble, the old prince of the land, imprisoned in Zeila and a great statesman of the tribe Elmi Worfa appointed Ugâs of the Gadaburssi-Somâl by the British government.|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Gaashaanle Sare Edwards Leckie wuxuu ka qoray kulankiisii uu la yeeshay Ughaz Nur II buuggiisa ''A Visit to the Gadabuursi'' :

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Waxaa naloo digay inuusan jeclayn ''Feringi'' (ninka cad), sidaas darteedna waxay u maleeyeen inay ka wanaagsan tahay in farriin loo diro Boqorka oo uu soo laabto isagoo wata warbixin sir ah oo ku saabsan xaaladda.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rzbhAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=ugaz+nur|title=The Wide World Magazine: An Illustrated Monthly of True Narrative, Adventure, Travel, Customs, and Sport|date=1905|publisher=G. Newness|language=en|quote=We were warned that he did not love the ''Feringi'' (white man), and therefore thought it better to send a messenger ahead to His Majesty and return with a confidential report on the situation.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Major RG Edwards Leckie ayaa sidoo kale ka qoray muuqaalkiisa:

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Ninkani wuxuu ahaa Ugaz Nuur, Boqorka ama Suldaanka Gadabursi. Wuxuu lahaa dhowr magac oo kale oo aanan hadda xasuusanayn... Ugaz Nuur wuxuu jiray qiyaastii toddobaatan iyo shan sano. Inkasta oo uu da'da ku adkaa, haddana wuu dheeraa, toosan yahay oo si fiican ayuu u dhisnaa. Xitaa miisaanka sannado badan oo uu jiray ma beddeli karin muuqaalka quruxda badan ee hoggaamiyaha... Dharkiisu wuu fududaa oo ma lahayn quruxda caadiga ah ee Bariga. Dad badan oo uu labbisan jiray ayaa aad u faraxsanaa, laakiin midkoodna uma muuqan mid ka soocan. Wuxuu xirnaa ''toob'' cad oo qallafsan, oo dhammaadkiisa uu madaxiisa daboolay, isagoo sameeyay koofi. Waxa uu ku labbistay maro madow oo lagu dahaadhay xariir casaan ah, oo laga yaabo inay ahayd hadiyad ka timid Boqorka Abyssinia. Gacantiisa ayuu ku sitay ul fudud halkii uu ka ahaan lahaa gaashaanka iyo waranka sharciga. Maalmihii dagaalka way dhammaadeen, haddana wuxuu ku tiirsanaa wiilashiisa geesiyaasha ah si ay u ilaaliyaan safarradiisa. Markuu na gacan qaaday ayuu si farxad leh u dhoolla caddeeyay. Hab-dhaqankiisu wuxuu ahaa mid deggan oo sharaf leh, oo si cad uga dhaxlay awowayaashiis, kuwaas oo dalka xukumayay jiilal badan.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rzbhAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=ugaz+nur|title=The Wide World Magazine: An Illustrated Monthly of True Narrative, Adventure, Travel, Customs, and Sport|date=1905|publisher=G. Newness|language=en|quote=This old man was Ugaz Nur, King or Sultan of the Gadabursi. He had several other names which I do not remember now... Ugaz Nur was about seventy five years old. Although stiffened by age, he was tall, straight and well built. Even the weight of his many years could not alter the chief's graceful figure... His dress was simple and lacked the usual Oriental splendour. Many of his subjects were attired much more gaily, but none looked more distinguished. He wore a crinkly white ''tobe'', with the end of which he covered his head, forming a hood. Over this he wore a cloak of black cloth lined with crimson silk, probably a present from the Emperor of Abyssinia. In his hand he carried a simple staff instead of the regulation shield and spear. His fighting days were over, and he now relied upon his stalwart sons to protect him on his journeys. As he shook hands with us he smiled pleasantly. His manner was composed and dignified, evidently inherited from his ancestors, who were rulers in the country for many generations.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ughaz Rooble II wuxuu ahaa 12-aad ee safka Gadabuursi Ughazate. Isagoo inta badan ku sugan [[Herer|Harar]], waxa loo caleemo saaray Ughaz ee Gadabuursi ka dib geeridii aabihiis (Ughaz Nuur II).  Mowqifkiisa Ughaz wuxuu noqday mid aad u muran badan ka dhex dhaliyay Gadabuursi sababtoo ah xiriir dhow oo uu la lahaa boqortooyada Itoobiya ee talada haysa. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Caplan|first=Andrew|url=https://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/ed09ebcb-6abd-a0c6-42f3-f221c14a7606/1/|title=British policy towards Ethiopia 1909–1919|date=1971|publisher=Royal Holloway University of London|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu sii wadi doonaa inuu lacago, hadiyado iyo hub ka helo Ingiriiska, Faransiiska iyo Xabashida oo dhammaantood u tartamayay gobolka. &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; Ugu dambeyntii wuu ka baxay taageeradii Ingiriiska, wuxuuna noqday xulafo dhow oo uu la noqday Menelik II oo si rasmi ah ugu aqoonsaday Ughaz-kii Gadabuursi. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|page=247|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFMukhtar2003&quot;&gt;Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003). [https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf ''Historical Dictionary of Somalia''] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Scarecrow Press. p.&amp;nbsp;247. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780810866041|&lt;bdi&gt;9780810866041&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Markii Lij Iyasu uu xukunka ka qabsaday Abyssinia, wuxuu xiriir dhow la yeeshay Ughaz Roble II, wuxuuna siiyay qaraabo dhow oo ka soo jeeda qoyska boqortooyada Itoobiya. &lt;ref name=&quot;Arab Bureau 1986&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Arab Bureau|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xZZCAAAAYAAJ&amp;q=Ayaz|title=Arab Bureau Summaries, Volumes 1–114|date=1986|publisher=University of Virginia|isbn=9781852070250|language=en|quote=Lij Yasu has, however, given a female relative of his in marriage to the late Agaz of the Gadabursi, who was recently deposed by us for his intrigues and misgovernment.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;auto5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Caplan|first=Andrew|url=https://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/ed09ebcb-6abd-a0c6-42f3-f221c14a7606/1/|title=British policy towards Ethiopia 1909–1919|date=1971|publisher=Royal Holloway University of London|language=en|quote=The Prince (Lij Iyasu) was also negotiating for an alliance with the Gadabursi Somali... He had given one of his relatives to its Ex-Ughaz Robleh Nur.}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Xafiiska Carabta, oo ahaa urur ay ku jiraan saraakiil sirdoon oo Ingiriis ah oo xaruntoodu tahay Qaahira, isla markaana loo xilsaaray isku-dubaridka hawlaha sirdoonka boqortooyada, ayaa dhacdadan ku duubay Soo Koobidda Xafiiska Carabta Mujallado 1-114 (1986), halkaas oo ay sidoo kale ku xustay in Ingiriisku uu xukunka ka tuuray Ughaz Roble II sababtoo ah xulufadiisa uu la leeyahay hay'adda Itoobiya:

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Lij Yasu wuxuu guursaday marxuum Agaz oo ka tirsanaa Gadabursi, kaasoo dhawaan nalooga qaaday khiyaano iyo dowlad xumo awgeed.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;Arab Bureau 1986&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Arab Bureau|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xZZCAAAAYAAJ&amp;q=Ayaz|title=Arab Bureau Summaries, Volumes 1–114|date=1986|publisher=University of Virginia|isbn=9781852070250|language=en|quote=Lij Yasu has, however, given a female relative of his in marriage to the late Agaz of the Gadabursi, who was recently deposed by us for his intrigues and misgovernment.}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFArab_Bureau1986&quot;&gt;Arab Bureau (1986). [https://books.google.com/books?id=xZZCAAAAYAAJ&amp;q=Ayaz ''Arab Bureau Summaries, Volumes 1–114'']. University of Virginia. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9781852070250|&lt;bdi&gt;9781852070250&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. &lt;q&gt;Lij Yasu has, however, given a female relative of his in marriage to the late Agaz of the Gadabursi, who was recently deposed by us for his intrigues and misgovernment.&lt;/q&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Andrew Caplan (1971) waxa uu Lij Iyasu ku qoray buugiisa ''siyaasadda Ingiriiska ee ku wajahan Itoobiya 1909–1919'' oo doonaya in uu isbahaysi la galo Gadabuursi:

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Amiirku (Lij Iyasu) wuxuu kaloo gorgortan ka galayay isbahaysigii Gadabuursiga ee Soomaalida...Wuxuu mid ka mid ah qaraabadiisa siiyay Ugaas Robleh Ugaas Nuur.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;auto5&quot;/&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ka dib markii Empress Zewditu ay ku wareejisay saaxiibkiisii Lij Iyasu, Ughaz Roble II wuxuu goob joog ka ahaa xasuuqii Oktoobar 1916 ee askarta Xabashida ay u geysteen dadkii degganaa [[Herer|Harar]], waxaana la siiyay xasaanad isaga iyo qaar ka mid ah hoggaamiyeyaasha kale ee caanka ah ee gobolka. Dhacdadani waxay calaamad u ahayd isbeddel ku yimid xiriirka Soomaalida iyo Xabashida ka talisa gobolka. Ughaz Roble II waxaa la siiyay xasaanad gaar ah sababtoo ah sumcaddiisa sare iyo xiriirkiisa shaqsiyeed ee uu la leeyahay kuwa ka tirsan qoyska boqortooyada Itoobiya oo ay sidoo kale qaraabo la ahaayeen guurka awgiis. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Caplan|first=Andrew|url=https://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/ed09ebcb-6abd-a0c6-42f3-f221c14a7606/1/|title=British policy towards Ethiopia 1909–1919|date=1971|publisher=Royal Holloway University of London|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFCaplan1971&quot;&gt;Caplan, Andrew (1971). [https://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/ed09ebcb-6abd-a0c6-42f3-f221c14a7606/1/ ''British policy towards Ethiopia 1909–1919'']. Royal Holloway University of London.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ughaz Roble II waxaa loo arkayay shakhsi aad u muran badan, wuxuuna ahaa Gadabuursi Ughaz kii ugu horreeyay ee ay dadkiisu xilka ka tuuraan. &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|page=247|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFMukhtar2003&quot;&gt;Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003). [https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf ''Historical Dictionary of Somalia''] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Scarecrow Press. p.&amp;nbsp;247. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780810866041|&lt;bdi&gt;9780810866041&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Xil ka qaadista laga qaaday Ughaz waxay keentay buuq weyn oo ka dhex dhacay Gadabuursi. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot; /&gt;Ughaz Roble II waxaa lagu yaqaanay inuu jecel yahay ugaarsiga, qaansada, iyo fuulista fardaha, wuxuuna dhaxlay qori uu aabihiis Ughaz Nur II hadiyad ahaan u siiyay Khedive-gii [[Masar]], Isma'il Pasha . &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; Wuxuu dhintay 1938 waxaana lagu aasay Awbare, oo noqotay xarunta Ughazate ee Gadabuursi horraantii qarnigii 20aad. &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt;

Ughaz Cilmi Warfaa wuxuu ahaa 13-aad ee safka Gadabuursi Ughazate. Magacyadiisa kale waxa ay ahaayeen 'Cilmi-dheere ('Cilmi The dheer) iyo Kun 'Ciil (Kun murugo). &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|page=247|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFMukhtar2003&quot;&gt;Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003). [https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf ''Historical Dictionary of Somalia''] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Scarecrow Press. p.&amp;nbsp;247. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780810866041|&lt;bdi&gt;9780810866041&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhammaadkii 1890-meeyadii, Ingiriisku wuxuu u magacaabay 'Elmi Warfa Ughaz' dhammaan Gadabuursi ee ku jiray Maxmiyadda Ingiriiska. Sidaas darteed Ughaz 'Elmi wuxuu beddelay faracii dhaqanka ee Ughaz Nur II iyo kii beddelay, Ughaz Roble II, kuwaas oo ka xumaaday Ingiriiska. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|page=247|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFMukhtar2003&quot;&gt;Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003). [https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf ''Historical Dictionary of Somalia''] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Scarecrow Press. p.&amp;nbsp;247. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780810866041|&lt;bdi&gt;9780810866041&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Awooddii Ughaz 'Elmi waxaa lagu aqoonsaday xaflad lagu aasaasayay [[Saylac|magaalada Saylac]] sanadkii 1917. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhaxal-sugaha dhaqanka ee Ughaz Nuur II, Ughaz Robleh II, ayaa weli ah Ughaz ee Gadabuursi ee Itoobiya. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot; /&gt; Ughaz 'Elmi wuxuu xubin ka ahaa wafdigii Ughaz Nur II u raacay Masar dabayaaqadii 1870-meeyadii, sidoo kalena wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah odayaashii Gadabuursi ee heshiiska la galay Ingiriiska ee [[Saylac]] sannadkii 1884. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot; /&gt;

Qabsashada Ughaz 'Elmi ee ku aaddan abtirsiinta dhaqanka ee Gadabuursi waxay kicisay qabiillo kale waxayna dhalisay muran badan. Qabiilo badan, gaar ahaan Yunus ama laanta Yunus waxay dareemeen inay tahay markoodii inay u tartamaan markabka Ughaz. Tani waxay dhalisay iska hor imaad kaas oo sidoo kale lagu sameeyay dagaallo gabayo ah. Gabayadani waxay ahaayeen sawirro iyo astaan qani ah. Laba ka mid ah kuwa ugu fiican waa &quot;Dhega Taag&quot; ( ''A Battle-Cry'' ) oo uu sameeyay 'Elmi the Tall ama ' ''Eli Dheire'' ' iyo kan kale oo loo yaqaan &quot;Aabudle&quot; ( ''A Declaration of Faith'' ) oo uu sameeyay Farid Dabi-Hay, &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|page=247|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFMukhtar2003&quot;&gt;Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003). [https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf ''Historical Dictionary of Somalia''] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Scarecrow Press. p.&amp;nbsp;247. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780810866041|&lt;bdi&gt;9780810866041&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; oo ka mid ahaa xafiiltankii Ughaz 'Elmi'.


Ughaz Doodi (Daaudi) Ughaz Rooble II, waxa loo caleemo saaray Ughaz ee Gadabuursi ee [[Itoobiya]] dhamaadkii 1940-aadkii. Kahor inta uusan noqon Ughaz, waxaa mas'uuliyiinta Itoobiya u magacaabay Dejazmach (Taliyaha Albaabka).  Wuxuu ahaa il ay dhibaatooyin joogto ah ka soo wajaheen Maxmiyadda Ingiriiska, waxaana lagu eedeeyay inuu shirqool la galay ciidamada Talyaaniga intii lagu jiray [[Dagaalkii Labaad ee Aduunka|Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka]] .  Dagaalkii ka dib, askar Ingiriis ah ayaa loo diray inay soo xiraan, ugu dambayntiina waxaa xabsiga la dhigay isagoo jooga [[Jigjiga|Jijiga]] oo ay gacanta ku dhigeen Ingiriisku, waxaana si qasab ah loogu masaafuriyay Jasiiradda Karaman ee [[Yemen]] halkaas oo uu ku xirnaa muddo 7 sano ah. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto6&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Millman|first=Brock|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t1xKAgAAQBAJ|title=British Somaliland: An Administrative History, 1920–1960|date=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317975441}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; Waxaa la socday qoyskiisa markii uu ku jiray masaafuris qasab ah. Ugu dambeyntii waa la sii daayay markii uu ku laabtay Maxmiyadda Ingiriiska isla markiiba waxaa mar kale lagu xiray [[Awdalada wadareed ee Saacadiin|Jasiiradda Saad-ud-Din]], oo ku taal gobolka uu ka arrimiyo guddoomiyaha Ingiriiska. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto6&quot; /&gt; Gadabuursi waxay u aqoonsadeen inuu yahay Ughaz kulan balaadhan oo ay yeesheen dadka caanka ah ee Gadabuursi ee [[Itoobiya]] . Ka dib markii uu ka soo laabtay musaafuris qasab ah, dawladda Itoobiya waxay u soo dirtay wefti ay ku wargelisay in [[Xayla Siilaasi|Xayle Salaase]] u aqoonsan yahay Ughazkii Gadabuursi ee [[Itoobiya]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, dhammaadkii noloshiisa, Ughaz Dodi wuu diiday inuu aqoonsado xukunka Itoobiya wuxuuna soo celiyay wafdigii Itoobiya ee loo diray. Sannadkii 1948, Ughaz Dodi oo ay weheliyaan Suldaan Xasan oo ka tirsan Jidwaaq, waxay saxiixeen dukumeenti la yiraahdo 'Codsiga Isku-dhafka ah ee ka imanaya aagga Jigjiga, iyo dhulalka kale ee Soomaalida.' Dukumeentigan waxaa ugu horreyn la saxiixay si loogu codsado Guddiga Baarista Afarta Awoodood ee Gumeysigii Hore ee Talyaaniga (1948) inay soo afjaraan qabsashada Itoobiya ee dhulalka Soomaalida, soo celinta dhammaan dhulalka Soomaalida ee ay haystaan Itoobiyaanka iyo inay mideeyaan dhulalka hoos yimaada Somaliland Midaysan.  Wax yar ka dib markii uu dhintay 1949. &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; 
[[File:Petition_for_Amalgamation_from_the_Jigjiga_area,_with_the_other_Somali_territories.jpg|thumb|Codsi ku saabsan isku-darka deegaanka Jigjiga, iyadoo dhulalka kale ee Soomaalida uu saxiixay Ughaz Dodi.]]

[[File:Ughaz_Nur_II_(Ugaas_Nuur_Ugaas_Rooble).png|alt=|thumb|Ughaz Nuur oo da'diisu ahayd qiyaastii 75 sano jir. Major Leckie wuxuu leeyahay: Da'diisu way yara adkaatay, wuu dheeraa, toosanaa, oo si fiican ayuu u dhisnaa. Xitaa culayskii sannado badan ee uu jiray ma beddeli karin muuqaalka quruxda badan ee Boqorka.]]
[[File:Gadabuursi_Horsemen_giving_an_exhibition.jpg|thumb|440x440px|Gadabuursi fardooley ah oo bandhiga bixinayay.]]
[[File:Sheikh_Ali_Ayanle_Samatar.jpg|thumb|Sheekh Cali Ayaanle Samatar. ''Somali: Sheekh Cali Ayaanle Samatar.'' ''Af-Carabi: شيخ علي أيانلي سمتر'' Sheekh Gadabuursi oo si weyn looga yaqaano Soomaalida Itoobiya, Jabuuti iyo Somaliland.]]

=== Maamulka Boqortooyada Gadabuursi ===
Boqortooyada Gadabuursi waxaa la aasaasay in ka badan 600 oo sano ka hor waxayna ka koobnayd Boqor ( ''Ugaas'' ) iyo odayaal badan.

Boqolaal odayaal ah ayaa ka shaqayn jiray afar qaybood oo ka kooban 25 oday midkiiba:

* Guddiga Bulshada
* Difaaca - hay'adaha booliiska oo ka kooban fardooley (oo loo yaqaan ''fardoolay'' ), askar lug ah iyo waranleyaal, laakiin sidoo kale ''askar'' ama askar ku qalabaysan fallaadho sun ah. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Royal Geographical Society (Great Britain)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zv4QAQAAIAAJ|title=Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography|date=1 January 1891|publisher=Edward Stanford|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Dhaqaalaha iyo ururinta canshuuraha
* Guddiga Caddaaladda

Guddoomiyeyaasha afarta qaybood waxaa loo yaqaanay ''Afarta Dhadhaar'', waxaana lagu soo xulay kartida iyo kartida shaqsiyeed.

Dastuur la yidhaahdo [[Xeer]] Gadabuursi, ayaa la sameeyay, kaas oo kala qaybiyay kiis kasta oo ah inuu cusub yahay ama uu leeyahay taariikh hore ( ''ugub'' ama ''curad'' ).

Boqorkii Gadabuursi iyo odayaashii waxay ka soo horjeedeen imaatinka Ingiriiska bilowgii qarnigii 20aad, laakiin waxay ku dambayntii heshiis la saxiixdeen. Markii dambe, markii khilaafkii labada dhinac soo ifbaxay oo uu sii xoogeystay, Ingiriisku wuxuu Ugaas saaxiibtinimo la galay Ugaaskii dhaqanka ee la aqoonsan yahay isagoo rajeynaya inuu xukunka ka tuuro. Tani waxay ugu dambeyntii keeni doontaa burburka boqortooyada. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Mukhtar|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041|page=247|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFMukhtar2003&quot;&gt;Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003). [https://shcas.shnu.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/f4/e2/4c0522234a98a0a7ed66aec4d4e2/7b2a673e-fa6e-4c1b-835d-2eb34c65098e.pdf ''Historical Dictionary of Somalia''] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Scarecrow Press. p.&amp;nbsp;247. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780810866041|&lt;bdi&gt;9780810866041&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Xeerka Dhaqanka (Xeer) ====

===== Xeerka Boqorka iyo 100ka Nin (Xeerka Boqorka iyo Boqolka Nin) =====
Markii Ughaz (Ugaas) cusub loo magacaabay Gadabuursi, boqol oday, oo matalaya dhammaan abtirsiinta qabiilka, ayaa isu yimid si ay u sameeyaan baarlamaan si ay u soo saaraan heshiisyo [[Xeer]] cusub, iyo inay go'aamiyaan sharcigii ay rabeen inay haystaan ka dib markii uu jiray Ugaaskii hore. Heerka magdhowga ee dambiyada lagu galay qabiilka dhexdiisa ayaa dib loo eegay haddii loo baahdo, waxaana la dhigay xeerar ku saabsan sharciga Gadabuursi, sida uu ahaa, inta uu socdo xukunka cusub ee Ugaas.

Taas oo la odhan jiray ‘Xeerka Boqorka iyo 100 nin’ (Xeerka Boqorka iyo Boqolka Nin). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lewis|first=I. M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yoMBQCr4LysC&amp;q=heerka%2520boqorka%2520iyo&amp;pg=PA207|title=A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa|date=1 January 1961|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|isbn=9783825830847|location=|pages=207|language=en|via=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Richard Francis Burton]] (1856) waxa uu Ugaaska Gadabuursi ku sifeeyey in uu 100 nin ku martigelinayey ciyaaraha fardooleyda ee dooxada Harrawa, sidoo kale loo yaqaano Dooxada Harar ama Wady Harawwah, waa dooxo dheer oo orod dheer oo ku taal dalka Gadabuursi, waqooyiga [[Herer|Harar]], [[Itoobiya]] . Wuxuu sheegayaa:
&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Halkan, malaha si loo xuso horumarka galbeedka ee qabiilka, Gudabirsi Ugaz ama madaxdu waxay ku xiran yihiin shabag cad oo ku wareegsan sunnihiisa, sidaas darteedna waxay u baxaan si ay u daawadaan ciyaaraha fardaha ee Dooxada Harawwah.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Burton|first=Richard|url=https://archive.org/details/firstfootstepsi00burtgoog|title=First Footsteps in East Africa|publisher=Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans|year=1856|isbn=|edition=1st|quote=Here, probably to commemorate the westward progress of the tribe, the Gudabirsi Ugaz or chief has the white canvass turban bound about his brows, and hence rides forth to witness the equestrian games in the Harawwah Valley.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

===== Rakibaadda dhaqanka Gadabuursi =====
[[File:Ugaas_Doodi.jpg|thumb|Ogas Doodi oo ka tirsan qabiilka Gadabuursi (Samaroon).]]
Waa kan soo koobid kooban oo ku saabsan xafladdii dhaqan-dhaqanka ahayd ee lagu aasaasay Gadabuursi oo uu IM Lewis (1999) ku xusay buugga ''A Pastoral Democracy'' :

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Dadka Soomaaliyeed ee xoolo dhaqatada ah waxay leeyihiin xaflado waaweyn oo yar iyo caadooyin yar. Sidaa darteed, waxaan halkan ku soo koobayaa warbixin dhammaystiran oo ku saabsan xafladdii dhaqanka ahayd ee lagu caleemo saarayay Ugaasyada Gadabuursi oo uu i siiyay Sheekh Cabdaraxmaan Sheekh Nuur, oo ah Dowladda hadda jirta ee Kadi ee Boorama. Qabiiladu waxay isugu yimaadaan xafladda meel kayn leh oo biyo leh. Waxaa jira heeso iyo cayaar, ka dibna xoolaha ayaa la qalaa si loogu raaxaysto oo loogu allabaryo. Xiddigaha si taxaddar leh ayaa loo daawadaa si loo go'aamiyo waqti ku habboon, ka dibna ''Ugaaska'' mustaqbalka waxaa lagu doortaa sixir. Musharixiintu waa inay ahaadaan wiilal ama walaalo ah ''Ugaaskii'' hore iyo arrinta haweeney hal mar oo keliya la guursaday. Waa inaysan noqon haweeney la furay ama carmal ah. Subax hore oo Isniin ah nin Reer Nuur ah (laandheeraha Gadabuursi) ayaa ubax ama caleen soo jiidaya oo ku tuuraya ''Ugaaska'' . Qof walba oo kale ayaa markaa raacaya tusaalihiisa. Ninka bilaaba dhawaaqa ''&quot;aleemasaar&quot;'' waa inuu ahaadaa nin xoolo badan leh, afar xaas leh, iyo wiilal badan. Rag ka soo jeeda abtirsiinta Mahad Muuse ayaa markaa keenay afar weel oo caano ah. Mid ka mid ah waxa ku jira caanaha geela, hal caano lo'aad, hal caano ido, iyo kan ugu dambeeya ee caanaha riyaha. Kuwaas waxaa la siiyaa ''Ugaaska'' oo mid soo xula oo wax yar ka cabba. Haddii uu cabo caanaha geela, geela wuu barakeysan doonaa oo wuu barwaaqoobi doonaa, haddii uu cabbo, caanaha riyaha, riyaha way barwaaqoobi doonaan, iwm. Intaas ka dib, wan weyn oo afar jir ah ayaa hortiisa lagu qalay. Timaha waxaa xiiray nin ka tirsan Gadabuursi, wuxuuna iska tuuray dharkiisii hore, wuxuuna xirtay dhar cusub isagoo ah ''Ugaas'' . Nin Reer Yuunis ah ayaa madaxa ku duubtay cimaamad cad, dharkiisii horena waxaa qaaday rag Jibra'iin ah...''Ugaaskii ayaa'' markaa fuulay faraskiisii ugu fiicnaa wuxuuna u fuulay ceel la yiraahdo Bugay, oo u dhow Geris, dhanka xeebta. Ceelku wuxuu ka kooban yahay biyo macaan oo macaan. Ceelka dushiisa waxaa ku yaal dhagaxyo cadcad, kuwaas ayuuna ku fadhiyaa. Waxaa dhaqda walaal ama qaraabo kale oo dhow isagoo dul fadhiya dhagaxyada. Dabadeed wuxuu ku soo noqdaa dadkii la isugu keenay, waxaana mar kale lagu ammaanaa caleemo. Qoob-ka-ciyaarka iyo dib-u-soo-nooleynta xafladda. ''Ugaasku'' wuxuu jeedinayaa khudbad uu dadkiisa ku barakeeyo oo uu Ilaahay ka baryayo inuu siiyo nabad, caano badan, iyo roob - dhammaantoodna waxay calaamad u yihiin nabadda iyo barwaaqada (nabad iyo 'aano). Haddii roob da'o ka dib, dadku waxay ogaan doonaan in xukunkiisu barwaaqo noqon doono. In xafladda si caadi ah loo qabto xilliga roobka ''ee Karan'' ayaa ka dhigaysa mid aad u badan. ''Ugaaska'' waxaa la siiyay guri cusub oo leh saameyn iyo alaab guri oo gebi ahaanba cusub, waxaana loo raadinayaa aroosad. Waa inay qoys wanaagsan tahay, waana ilmo ay dhashay haweeney hal nin oo keliya lahayd. Hantideeda aroosadda waxaa si wadajir ah u bixiya dhammaan Gadabuursi, maadaama ay iyagu u xaqiijiyaan inay yihiin kuwa dhaxlaya jagada. Qoryaha ama hubka kale ee rasaasta laguma daro hantida aroosadda. Wax kasta oo la xiriira ku biirista waa inay ahaadaan kuwo nabad ah oo naxariis leh.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lewis|first=I. M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eK6SBJIckIsC&amp;q=The+pastoral+somali+have+few+large+ceremonies&amp;pg=PA211|title=A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa|date=1999-01-01|publisher=James Currey Publishers|isbn=9780852552803|location=|pages=211, 212|language=en|quote=The pastoral Somali have few large ceremonies and little ritual. For its interest, therefore I reproduce here a summary of a very full account of the traditional Gadabuursi installation ceremony given me by Sheikh 'Abdarahmaan Sheikh Nuur, the present Government Kadi of Borama. Clansmen gather for the ceremony in a well-wooded and watered place. There is singing and dancing, then stock are slaughtered for feasting and sacrifice. The stars are carefully watched to determine a propitious time, and then future '' Ugaas'' is chosen by divination. Candidates must be sons or brothers of the former ''Ugaas'' and the issue of a woman who has been only married once. She should not be a woman who has been divorced or a widow. Early on a Monday morning a man of the Reer Nuur (the laandeer of the Gadabuursi) plucks a flower or leaf and throws it upon the ''Ugaas''. Everyone else then follows his example. The man who starts the ''`aleemasaar'' acclamation must be a man rich in livestock, with four wives, and many sons. Men of the Mahad Muuse lineage then brings four vessels of milk. One contains camels' milk, one cows' milk, one sheeps' milk, and the last goats' milk. These are offered to the ''Ugaas'' who selects one and drinks a little from it. If he drinks the camels' milk, camels will be blessed and prosper, if he drinks, the goats' milk, goats will prosper, and so on. After this, a large four-year-old ram is slaughtered in front of him. His hair is cut by a man of the Gadabuursi and he casts off his old clothes and dons new clothes as ''Ugaas''. A man of Reer Yuunis puts a white turban round his head, and his old clothes are carried off by men of the Jibra'iin... The ''Ugaas'' then mounts his best horse and rides to a well called Bugay, near Geris, towards the coast. The well contains deliciously fresh water. Above the well are white pebbles and on these he sits. He is washed by a brother or other close kinsman as he sits on top of the stones. Then he returns to the assembled people and is again acclaimed and crowned with leaves. Dancing and feasting recommence. The ''Ugaas'' makes a speech in which he blesses his people and asks God to grant peace, abundant milk, and rain—all symbols of peace and prosperity (nabad iyo 'aano). If rain falls after this, people will know that his reign will be prosperous. That the ceremony is customarily performed during the ''karan'' rainy season makes this all the more likely. The ''Ugaas'' is given a new house with entirely new effects and furnishings and a bride is sought for him. She must be of good family, and the child of a woman who has had only one husband. Her bride-wealth is paid by all the Gadabuursi collectively, as they thus ensure for themselves successors to the title. Rifles or other fire-arms are not included in the bride-wealth. Everything connected with the accession must be peaceful and propitious.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;


==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
{{Beelaha Soomaalida}}
{{Commons|Category:Dir (clan)}}
[[Category:Qabiilada Soomaalida]]
[[Category:Soomaali]]
[[Category:Dadka Soomaaliga]]

[[Category:Beesha Gadabuursi]]
[[Category:Qabaa'ilada Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Qabaa'ilka Somaliland]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Damalaxagare</title>
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      <text bytes="8973" sha1="p0tbi6k8f4j78amwcixz860q1zaiq09" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| type               = Magaalo
| official_name      = Damala Hagare
| image              = Damalaxagare.jpg
| pushpin_map        = Somalia
| caption            = 
| map_size           = 150px
| map_caption        = 
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = Soomaaliya
| subdivision_type1  = [[Gobolada Soomaaliya|Gobolka]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Sanaag]]
| subdivision_type2  = maakhir
| subdivision_name2  = [[Degmada Ceerigaabo|Ceerigaabo]]
| leader_title       = 
| leader_name        = 
| area_note          = 
| area_total         = 
| area_land          = 
| area_water         = 
| population_as_of   = 2007&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author=WFP Somalia |date=April 2007 |url=https://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/ena/wfp144576.pdf?iframe |title=Puntland Food Security and Vulnerability Assessment |accessdate=2021-06-17 |archive-date=2021-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208173229/https://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/ena/wfp144576.pdf?iframe |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_total   = 45,000
| population_metro   = 
| population_density = 
| utc_offset         = +3
| time_zone          = 
| elevation          = 
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
}}
'''Damala Xagare''' waa magaaro soo koraysa oo ku taal gobolka [[Sanaag]] ee Soomaaliya.

'''Damala Xagare''' waa magaalo si weyn u koreysa oo ku taal gobolka Sanaag ee Soomaaliya. Waxay u adeegtaa sidii xarun dhaqaale iyo bulsho oo muhiim ah oo loogu talagalay bulshooyinka miyiga ah ee ku xeeran. Dhulka juqraafiyeed ee ku xeeran magaalada waxaa lagu gartaa dhul daaqsimeed ballaaran oo siman, oo loo yaqaanno &quot;Dooxadda Dureera&quot;, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon labadaba beeraha iyo xoolaha, oo ah laba hawlood oo dhaqaale oo muhiim ah oo taageera nolosha dadka deegaanka. Iyada oo ay ku nool yihiin dad ka badan 45,000, '''Damala Xagare''' waxay soo martay koror joogto ah, kaas oo ay dhiirrigelisay kordhinta degitaanka iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqaale ee gobolka.

Astaamaha muhiimka ah ee magaalada waxaa ka mid ah dhul ay ku badan yihiin ceelal biyoodyo dabiici ah, kuwaas oo bixiya il biyo oo muhiim ah oo loo isticmaalo guriga, beeraha, iyo xoolaha. Biyahan dabiiciga ah waxay si weyn uga qayb qaataan koritaanka magaalada, wax-soo-saarka beeraha, waxayna taageeraan bulshooyinka xoolaleyda ah.

'''Damala Xagare''' waxay leedahay nidaam waxbarasho oo horumaraya, oo ay ku jiraan dugsi sare, dugsi hoose, iyo dugsi dhexe, kuwaas oo siiya waxbarasho aas-aasiga ah dhallinyarada magaalada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, helitaanka waxbarashada sare iyo tababarka gaarka ah waa kuwo xadidan, taas oo ku qasbeysa in loo safro magaalooyinka waaweyn si loo helo waxbarasho sare.

Magaaladu sidoo kale waxay leedahay xarun caafimaad oo weyn, oo ay ku jirto xarunta caafimaadka hooyada iyo dhallaanka (MCH). Xaruntani waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa bixinta adeegyada caafimaadka lagama maarmaanka ah, gaar ahaan caafimaadka hooyada iyo dhallaanka, kuwaas oo ah meelaha muhiimka ah ee caafimaadka ee miyiga Soomaaliya. Inkasta oo ay jiraan adeegyadan caafimaadka, xaruntu waxay wajaheysaa caqabado sida agab caafimaad oo xadidan, yaraanshaha xirfadlayaasha caafimaadka ee tababbaran sida umulisooyinka iyo kalkaaliyeyaasha caafimaadka bulshada, iyo baahida loo qabo in la ballaariyo adeegyada si wax looga qabto baahiyaha caafimaad ee dadka sii kordhaya.

Guud ahaan, '''Damala Xagare''' waa magaaro horumaraysa oo leh awood dhaqaale iyo bulsho oo muhiim ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maalgashi dheeraad ah oo lagu sameeyo kaabayaasha, waxbarashada, iyo adeegyada caafimaadka ayaa lagama maarmaan u noqon doona si loo taageero koritaankeeda joogtada ah loona hagaajiyo wanaagga dadkeeda deegaanka.

==Taariikhda dhow==
Noofembar 2005, gobolka Sanaag waxaa la sheegay inuu la kulmayo biyo la'aan, waxaana Damala Xagare ay ahayd mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu daran ee ay saameysay.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Biyo laan ka dhacday gobolada Sanaag |newspaper=BBC |date=2005-11-16 |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/news/story/2005/11/printable/051116_biyo |accessdate=2021-05-27 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

March 2013, shir nabadgelyo oo dhex maray Beelaha [[Warsangali]] iyo [[Dhulbahante]] ayaa lagu qabtay Damala Xagare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=BADHASAABKA IYO TALIYAHA BOOLISKA SANAAG BARRI EE SOMALILAND OO KA QAYB GALAY SHIR LAGU SOO AF-JARAYO SHAQAAQOOYIN DHEX MARAY LABADA BEELOOD EE DHULBAHANTE IYO WARSANGALI |newspaper=ceerigaabo.com |date=2013-03-04 |url=http://ceerigaabo.com/2013/03/04/badhasaabka-iyo-taliyaha-booliska-sanaag-barri-ee-somaliland-oo-ka-qayb-galay-shir-lagu-soo-af-jarayo-shaqaaqooyin-dhex-maray-labada-beelood-ee-dhulbahante-iyo-warsangali/ |accessdate=2021-05-27 |archive-date=2021-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527115354/http://ceerigaabo.com/2013/03/04/badhasaabka-iyo-taliyaha-booliska-sanaag-barri-ee-somaliland-oo-ka-qayb-galay-shir-lagu-soo-af-jarayo-shaqaaqooyin-dhex-maray-labada-beelood-ee-dhulbahante-iyo-warsangali/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sebtembar 2014, Wasiirka Gaashaandhigga ee Somaliland ayaa isku dayay inuu ka qaybgalo kulan ka dhacayay Beelaha [[Warsangali]] ee [[Hingalol]], laakiin ma awoodin inuu sameeyo wuxuuna ku go'doomay Damala Xagare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Wasiir CADAMI Oo Ku Go’doonsan Damala-Xagare Iyo Shirkii Xiin-galool Oo Lasoo Afmeeray |newspaper=hubaalmedia.net |date=2014-09-07 |url=https://www.hubaalmedia.net/wasiir-cadami-oo-ku-godoonsan-damala-xagare-iyo-shirkii-xiin-galool-oo-lasoo-afmeeray/ |accessdate=2021-05-27 |archive-date=2021-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527115358/https://www.hubaalmedia.net/wasiir-cadami-oo-ku-godoonsan-damala-xagare-iyo-shirkii-xiin-galool-oo-lasoo-afmeeray/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

May 2019, ciidamada Somaliland iyo Puntland ayaa ku dagaalamay Damala Xagare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=DEG DEG: Ciidamada Somaliland Iyo Kuwa Puntland Oo Ku Dagaalamay Magaalada Damalla-Xagare Ee Koonfurta Gobolka Gobolka Sanaag. |newspaper=dalmarnews.com |date=2019-05-21 |url=https://dalmarnews.com/2019/05/21/deg-deg-ciidamada-somaliland-iyo-kuwa-puntland-oo-ku-dagaalamay-magaalada-damalla-xagare-ee-koonfurta-gobolka-gobolka-sanaag/ |accessdate=2022-01-09 |archive-date=2022-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109013645/https://dalmarnews.com/2019/05/21/deg-deg-ciidamada-somaliland-iyo-kuwa-puntland-oo-ku-dagaalamay-magaalada-damalla-xagare-ee-koonfurta-gobolka-gobolka-sanaag/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tirada guud ee dhimashada labada dhinac waxaa lagu qiyaasay sagaal.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Wararkii ugu Dambeeyay Dagaalkii Damalla Xagare-COD |newspaper=The World News |date=2019-05-22 |url=https://theworldnews.net/so-news/wararkii-ugu-dambeeyay-dagaalkii-damalla-xagare-cod |accessdate=2021-05-27 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Juun, ciidanka Somaliland ayaa geeyay ciidamo, oo ay ku jiraan gaadiid gaashaaman, [[Yubbe]], [[Hadaftimo]], iyo Damala Xagare si ay u sugaan amniga xadka ee ka imaanaya Puntland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Somaliland Sends troop reinforcement in Sanaag region |newspaper=somalilandstandard.com |date=2019-01-07 |url=https://somalilandstandard.com/somaliland-sends-troop-reinforcement-in-sanaag-region/ |accessdate=2021-01-09 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sebtembar 2019, bulshada deegaanka Damala Xagare ayaa ansixisay go'aan ka dhan ah dhuxulaysiga, kaasoo sababa khasaare deegaanka ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Olole ka dhan ah xaalufinta deegaanka oo ka biloowday gobollada Sool iyo Sanaag |newspaper=hiiraan.com |date=2019-09-11 |url=https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2019/sept/wararka_maanta11-161788.htm |accessdate=2021-09-09 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Dadweynaha==
Magaalada Damala Xagare waa mid gaar ah marka la eego qaab-dhismeedkeeda iyo cabbirkeeda. Waxay qayb ahaan u qaybsan tahay laba deegaan ama degmo. Bahogeyslabe, Gerad Abdalle [[Warsangeli]] waxay ka kooban yihiin 85% dadweynaha halka qayb ka mid ah [[Dhulbahante]], inta badan laanta hoose ee [[Naleye Ahmed]] ee [[Mohamoud Garad]] ay ku nool yihiin dhinaca galbeed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Productions |first1=Sanag |title=Birnaamijka Xidhitaanka Shirka Bihina Carraale came to settle Damallaxagarre through their blood relations with Bahogeyslabe |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KWhhkh1jHjo |website=YouTube |access-date=15 February 2023 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Deegaan muhiim ah oo ku xeeran oo loo yaqaanno &quot;Dooxadda Dureera&quot; sidoo kale waxaa degan Bahogeyslabe ee beesha [[Warsangali|Warsangeli]].&lt;ref name=&quot;interpeace northern somalia source&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Walls |first1=Michael |title=PEACE IN SOMALILAND: An Indigenous Approach to State-Building |date=2008 |publisher=Interpeace and the Academy for Peace and Development |location=Hargeisa |pages=70 |url=https://www.interpeace.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/2008_SomS_Interpeace_APD_Statebuilding_EN.pdf |access-date=11 February 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Portal|Somaliland}}

==Tixraacyada==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Degmooyinka Sanaag]]
[[Category:Goobaha taariikhiga ah ee Soomaaliya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Nissan</title>
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      <text bytes="6413" sha1="8m2m9c7s5wut1x7w64bavb1f8zzjhlu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox company
| name = Shirkada Gaadiidka Nissan&lt;/br&gt;Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
| native_name = 日産自動車株式会社
| native_name_lang = ja
| romanized_name = Nissan Jidōsha Kabushiki-gaisha
| logo = Nissan 2020 logo.svg
| image = File:NISSAN_GLOBAL_HEADQUARTERS.jpg
| image_caption = Xarunta sare ee Nissan ee ku taala Yokohama, Japan
| type = Shirkad Caalami ah (Kabushiki kaisha)
| traded_as = {{tyo|7201}}&lt;br /&gt;{{OTCPink|NSANY}}
| country = Japan
| slogan = Horumar cajiib ah&lt;/br&gt;Innovation that excites
| foundation = {{Start date and years ago|1933|12|26}}
| founder = Masujiro Hashimoto&lt;br /&gt;Kenjiro Den&lt;br /&gt;Rokuro Aoyama&lt;br /&gt;Meitaro Takeuchi&lt;br /&gt;Yoshisuke Aikawa&lt;br /&gt;William Gorham 
| location =  Nishi-ku, Yokohama, Japan &lt;small&gt;(sidoo kale Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture)&lt;/small&gt;
|area_served = Caalamka oo dhan
| key_people = Carlos Ghosn &lt;small&gt;(madaxweyne)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Toshiyuki Shiga &lt;small&gt;(Vice Chairman)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/2013/11/01/nissan-earnings-management-idINDEE9A003J20131101|title=Nissan announces management makeover, COO Shiga to become vice chairman|publisher=Reuters|date=1 November 2013|accessdate=15 December 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=15 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215101018/http://in.reuters.com/article/2013/11/01/nissan-earnings-management-idINDEE9A003J20131101|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hiroto Saikawa &lt;small&gt;(EVP)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=wardsreshuffle&gt;{{cite web |url=http://wardsauto.com/management-amp-strategy/nissan-reshuffles-top-leadership-after-underwhelming-q2-results|title=Nissan Reshuffles Top Leadership After Underwhelming Q2 Results|publisher=WardsAuto |date=1 November 2013 |accessdate=15 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Philippe Klein]] &lt;small&gt;(EVP)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://europe.autonews.com/article/20140902/ANE/140909991/0/SEARCH |title=Renault names new product planning, Russia chiefs |publisher=Automotive News Europe |date=2 September 2014 |accessdate=23 September 2014 |archive-date=2 Bisha Afraad 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402155421/http://europe.autonews.com/article/20140902/ANE/140909991/0/SEARCH |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/NEWS/2014/_STORY/140902-01-e.html |title=Nissan Appoints Philippe Klein Chief Planning Officer |publisher=Nissan |date=2 September 2014 |accessdate=23 September 2014 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=12 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140912191246/http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/NEWS/2014/_STORY/140902-01-e.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Trevor Mann]] &lt;small&gt;(EVP)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=wardsreshuffle/&gt;
| industry = [[Gaadiid]]&lt;br /&gt;Maalgashi
| products = Gawaadhi, [[Baabuur]], Qalabka baabuurta, motooro, forklifti
|divisions = Nissan&lt;br&gt;[[Infiniti]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Nismo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Datsun]]
| subsid = {{Collapsible list|title=List|'''Transportation:'''&lt;br /&gt;Nissan Commercial Vehicles&lt;br /&gt;[[Nissan China]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Venucia]] (50%)&lt;br /&gt;[[Nissan Shatai]] (43%)&lt;br /&gt;'''Other:'''&lt;br /&gt;[[Nissan Forklift]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Nissan Marine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Autech]]&lt;br /&gt;'''International:'''&lt;br /&gt;[[Nissan Motor India Private Limited|Nissan India]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Nissan Motor Manufacturing UK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Ghandhara Nissan Limited]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Nissan Motor Indonesia]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Nissan USA]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Nissan Canada]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Automotive industry in Mexico#Nissan|Nissan Mexico]]}}
| market cap =
| production = {{increase}} 5,097,772 units (''2014'')&lt;ref name=&quot;2014_Production&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/NEWS/2015/_STORY/150128-01-e.html |title=Nissan Production, Sales and Export Results for December 2014 and Calendar Year 2014 |publisher=Nissan |date=28 January 2015 |accessdate=29 January 2015 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=1 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201030650/http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/NEWS/2015/_STORY/150128-01-e.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| revenue = {{increase}} {{yen|11.38 trillion|link=yes}} (FY2014)&lt;ref name=&quot;FY2014&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/DOCUMENT/PDF/FINANCIAL/ABSTRACT/2014/2014results_financialresult_614_e.pdf |title=FY2014 Consolidated Financial Results |publisher=Nissan |date=13 May 2015 |accessdate=13 May 2015 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=18 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518092249/http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/DOCUMENT/PDF/FINANCIAL/ABSTRACT/2014/2014results_financialresult_614_e.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| owner = [[Renault]] (43.4%)
| operating_income = {{increase}} {{yen|589.6 billion}} (FY2014)&lt;ref name=&quot;FY2014&quot; /&gt;
| net_income = {{increase}} {{yen|457.6 billion}} (FY2014)&lt;ref name=&quot;FY2014&quot; /&gt;
| aum = &lt;!-- Only used with financial services companies --&gt;
| assets = {{increase}} {{yen|17.04 trillion}} (FY2014)&lt;ref name=&quot;FY2014&quot; /&gt;
| equity = {{increase}} {{yen|5.07 trillion}} (FY2014)&lt;ref name=&quot;FY2014&quot; /&gt;
| num_employees = 142,925 (consolidated, March, 2014)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/COMPANY/PROFILE/|title=Outline of company|accessdate=28 January 2013|date=June 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=15 Bisha Saddexaad 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110315093729/http://www.city.yokohama.jp/me/nishi/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| homepage = {{URL|http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/index.html}}
| intl = yes
}}

'''Shirkada Gaadiidka Nissan''' ({{lang-en|Nissan Motor Company Ltd}}; {{lang-ja|日産自動車株式会社}}; loogu dhawaaqo: {{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|iː|s|ɑː|n}} ama {{IPAc-en|uk|ˈ|n|ɪ|s|æ|n}}; Japanese: {{IPA-ja|nisːaɴ|}}) waa shirkad caalami ah oo soo saarta [[gaadiid]]ka taasi oo degan Nishi-ku, Yokohama, wadanka [[Jabaan]].

Nissan waa shirkad caalami ah oo sameysa baabuurta taas oo ay xarunteeda dhexe ay tahay Jabaan

==Muuqaalo==
&lt;gallery perrow=&quot;&quot; widths=&quot;208&quot; heights=&quot;208&quot; caption=&quot;Shirkada Gaadiidka Nissan&quot;&gt;
NISSAN GLOBAL HEADQUARTERS.jpg
A Nissan Dealership in Patiala, India.jpg
Petersen Automotive Museum PA140052 (45229770615).jpg
1938 Austin Seven Ruby Motor Centre, Gaydon.jpg
1966 Prince R380 01.jpg
2010 Nissan Maxima SV Sport -- 05-03-2010.jpg
Carlos Ghosn Leaf.JPG
2013 Nissan GT-R -- 06-23-2012 1.JPG
Nissan Head Office 2009.jpg

 &lt;/gallery&gt;

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
*[[Nissan]]
*[[Toyota]]
*[[Ford]]
*[[Mazda]]
*[[GMC]]
*[[Audi]]

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
{{commons|Category:Nissan}}
{{gumud}}
[[Category:Gaadiid]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Dawladii Cabaasiyiinta</title>
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      <text bytes="39089" sha1="34a65ea728rwr29maukk8250aod3osn" xml:space="preserve">'''Khilaafadii Cabaasiyiinta''' (Af-[[Carabi]] الدولة العباسية) Waa magaca looyaqaano Khilaafada islaamka iyo qoyskii labaad 

oo kala danbeeyay,waana silsilada xukun ee labaad ee ugu dheer Xukuumadaihii soo maray islaamka.waxaa ka dheeraa [[Dawlada Cosmaniya]] cabaasiyiintu waxa ay jabiyeen oo ka adkaadeen [[Khilaafadii Umawiyiinta]],waxa ay dabarjareen oo cidhibtireen dhamaan Qoys[[Khilaafadii Umawiyiinta|Umawiyiinta]], baaqigii kahadhay khilaafadii umiyiintu waxa uu u yaacay dhanka dhulkii la odhan jiray [[Andalus]] halkaas oo ay dawlad ka samysteen.
{{Infobox Former Country
| native_name            = الخلافة العباسية
| conventional_long_name = Khilaafda Cabaasiyiinta
| common_name            = خلافت عباسیہ
| continent              = Afroasia
| region                 = مشرق وسطیٰ
| status                 = 
| government_type        = Khilaafo
| life_span              = 25 ta [[Janaayo]] 750-10 ka [[febraayo]] 1258
| year_start             = 25 [[Janawari]] 750
| year_end               = 10 [[Febraayo]] 1258
| p1                     = Dowladii Umawiyiinta
| flag_p1                = Umayyad Flag.svg
| flag_p4                = 
| s1                     = Boqortooyada tataarka
| flag_s1                = 
| s2                     = Dawladii faadumiyiinta
| flag_s2                = Rectangular green flag.svg
| s3                     = Dawladii Mamaaliikta
| flag_s3                = Mameluke Flag.svg
| s4                     = Safaariyiimta
| flag_s4                = 
| image_map              = Abbasid Caliphate most extant.png
| image_map_caption      = Abbasid Caliphate (light and dark green) at its greatest extent, c. 850. Territories in dark green were lost early on.
| capital                = [[Baqdaad]]
| common_languages       = [[Af-Carabi]], [[Af-Arman]],[[Af-Faarisi]] [[Af-Kurdi]], [[Af-Barbar]]; [[Af-Giriig]]; [[Af-Hebrow]]; [[Af-joorjiya]]; [[Af-Turki]].::
&lt;ref&gt;http://www.tarihimiz.net/v3/Haberler/Tarih/Abbasiler-devrinde-turklerin-etkinligi-ve-hizmetleri.html {{Wayback|url=http://www.tarihimiz.net/v3/Haberler/Tarih/Abbasiler-devrinde-turklerin-etkinligi-ve-hizmetleri.html |date=20120425235457 }} {{tr icon}} Abbasiler devrinde türklerin etkinliği ve hizmetleri&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.genbilim.com/content/view/4930/190/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.genbilim.com/content/view/4930/190/ |date=20130813212557 }} {{tr icon}} Abbasiler&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://lalishduhok.org/lalish/26/E/L%2026%20E%20_%202.pdf |access-date=2023-05-15 |archive-date=2008-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081120130103/http://lalishduhok.org/lalish/26/E/L%2026%20E%20_%202.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| religion               = [[Sunni islaam]]
| currency               = [[Diinaar Cabaasi]]
| leader1                = [[Abuu cabaas alsafaax]]
| year_leader1           = 750–754
| leader2                = [[Haaruun Alrashiid]]
| year_leader2           = 786–809
| leader3                = [[ Mustansir bilaah]]
| year_leader3           = 1261–1262
| leader4                = [[Mustacsim bilaah]]
| year_leader4           = 1242–1258
| title_leader           = [[Amiir al-mu'miniin]]¹
| stat_area1             = 10,000,000
| stat_pop1              = 50,000,000
| footnotes              = ¹ [[Amiir mu’miniin]]، [[Khaliif]]
| today                  = {{flag|Afghanistan}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Aljeeriya}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Andorra}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Armenia}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Azerbaijan}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Bahrain}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|China}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Cyprus}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Masar}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|France}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Georgia}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Gibraltar}} ([[Uk]])&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Greece}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Iran}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Ciraaq}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Israaiil}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Italy}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Jordan}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Kazakhstan}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Kuwait}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Lubnaan}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Liibiya}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Malta}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Morocco}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag| Cumaan}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Bakistaan}}&lt;br /&gt;{{Falastiin}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Portugal}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Qatar}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Russia}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag| Saudi Arabia}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Spain}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Suuriya}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Tajikistan}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Tunisia}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Turkey}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Turkmenistan}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag| United Arab Emirates }}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Uzbekistan}}&lt;br /&gt; {{flag|Yaman}}
}}

dawlada Cabaasiyiintu waxa ay ka aasaasay dad kasoojeeda kii ugu yaraa adeeradii [[Nabi Muxamed S.C.W.]] oo ahaa [[cabaas bin Cabdul mudalib]] ale raali haka noqdee, markii ay dawladan aasaasayeen waxa ay taakulo kaheleen.shacabkii looyaqaanay [[Furus|furuska]].kuwaas oo ay cadaawada ka dhexeeaysay [[Dowladii Umawiyiinta|Umawiyiinta]], sidoo kale cabaasiyiintu waxa ay adeegsadeen shiicada si ay uga taqalusaan [[Dowladii Umawiyiinta|Dawladii Umawiyiinta.]] Cabaasiyiinta kadib markii ay kacaankoodaas ku guulaysteen waxay dhiseen caasimaddoodii [[Baqdaad]] . Ayadoo noqotay magaalo kulansatay cilim iyo aqoonyahano, waxa ay xarun u hayd dawlad cabaasiyiinta ilaa ee [[tataarka]] ee ka dumiyaan khilaafda. Mudo 500 sano ee jireen cabaasiyiinta waxaa talada qabtay 37 khaliif oo ugu dambeeyay [[mustacsim bilaah]] oo dileen [[tataarka]] kadib waxey u guureen [[masar]] waxaana khilaafda sii jirtay [[1517]] markaas oo [[Dawlada Cosmaniya|cusmaaniyiinta]] la wreegeen khilaafda.

==Asaaskii dawlada==
=== Dacwada Cabaasiyiinta ===
waxay bilaabatay Dacawada Cabaasiyiinta sanadkii [[100H]], waxaana dhidibada u aasay oo mudo maamulaayay [[muxamad bin cali|Muxamad bin Cali]] aabaha [[Abuu cabaas alsafaax|Abuu Cabaas]] iyo [[Abuu jacfar almansuur|Abuu Jacfar]], si qarsoodi ah ayaa dadka loogu yeeraayay inay garab istaagaan cabaasiyiinta, [[muxamad bin cali|Muxamad bin Cali]] wuxuu dhintay [[125H]] waxaana hogaaminta kaga dambeeyay wiilkiis [[Ibraahiim al imaam|ibraahiim Al-imaam]], markuu dhintay [[hishaam bin cabdilmalik|Hishaam bin Cabdi Malik]] 743 waxaa sii xumaatay xaalada [[Dowladii Umawiyiinta|Dawlada Umawiyiinta]], waxaa dawlada asiibay khilaaf gudaha ah, burbur iyo dhaqaalihii oo aad u xumaaday taas oo awood siisay xisbiyadii iyo Dhaqdhaqaaqyadii mucaaridka ahaa ee kasoo horjeeday jirtaankeeda, kuwaas oo ku baahsanaa dhulka dawlada gaar ahaan dhulalka [[Ciraaq]] iyo [[Iiraan]], Cabaasiyiinta oo ka faaideesanaya ayaa labalaabeen dacwada, [[129H]] ayuu amray [[Ibraahiim al imaam|ibraahiim Al-imaam]] in la muujiyo dacwada, [[abuu Muslim khuraasaani|Abuu Muslim Khuraasaani]] ayuuna u diray mandiqada [[Khuraasaan]], waxa uuna faray la dagaalanka umawiyiinta, [[Abuu Muslim khuraasaani|Abuu Muslim Khuraasaani]] waxa uu gaaray guulo badan meelo badan ayuu qabsaday, laakin waxaa dhacday khaliifka Umawiyiinta [[marwaan ximaar|Marwaan Ximaar]] inuu gacanta ku dhigo [[Ibraahiim al imaam|ibraahiim Al-imaam]] xabsigana dhigo, intaa la xerin [[Ibraahiim al imaam|ibraahiim Al-imaam]] wuxuu u dardaarmay [[Abuu cabaas alsafaax|Abuu Cabaas Al-Safaax]] inuu hor boodo dacwada una raro qoyskiisa [[Ciraaq]].

===Curashada Dawlada Cabaasiyiinta ===
[[Ibraahiim al imaam|Ibraahiim Al-imaam]] xabsiga ayuu ku dhintay [[132H]], [[abuu cabaas alsafaax|Abuu Cabaas Al-Safaax]] wuxuu u guuray asaga iyo qooskiisa [[Kuufa]], [[Ciraaq]]. Kacdoonka Cabaasiyiinta wuxuu soo hooyay guulo badan [[Khuraasaan]] iyo [[Ciraaq]] ayaa ka baxday gacanta umawiyiinta, sanadkii [[132H]] ku beegan 750 miiladi ayaa [[abuu cabaas alsafaax|Abuu Cabaas Al-Safaax]] magaalada [[kuufa]] loogu doortay khaliifka cabaasiyiinta ee koowaad, waxa uu soo jeediyay [[Abuu cabaas alsafaax|Abuu Cabaas]] khudbad oo ku sheegay inay xaq u leeyihiin [[Khilaafada Islaamka|khilaafada]]. 

=== Burburka Umawiyiinta ===
[[Abuu cabaas alsafaax|Abuu Cabaas]] waxa uu u xil saaray adeerkii  [[cabdulaahi bin cali|Cabdulaahi bin Cali]] la dagaalanka [[marwaan ximaar|Marwaan Ximaar]] khaliifka ugu dambeeyay umawiyiinta oo ciidan badan aruursaday, waxey ku kulmeen [[dagaalkii zaab|Dagaalkii Zaab]], dagaalka oo aad u kululaa ayaa waxaa lagu jabiyay [[Dowladii Umawiyiinta|Umawiyiinta]] &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{استشهاد ويب|مسار=&lt;/nowiki&gt;https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/abdallah-ibn-ali%7Cعنوان=معلومات عن عبد الله بن علي بن عبد الله على موقع brockhaus.de|ناشر=brockhaus.de|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021041602/https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/abdallah-ibn-ali%7C&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;, [[marwaan ximaar|Marwaan Ximaar]] ayaa ka cararay meesha wuxuu tagay [[Dimishiq]] ka dib [[Masar]] ayuu sii aaday, [[cabdulaahi bin cali|Cabdulaahi bin Cali]] wuxuu awooday inuu galo [[Dimishiq]] waxa uuna ka geestay xasuuq ba'an oo ku bartimaameestay Qoyska Umawiyiinta iyo taageerayaashood. 

Cabaasiyiinta ayaa sii bursaday Marwaan [[saalax bin cali|Saalax bin Cali]] guuto uu watay ayaana loo diray inay daba galaan, waxey ku guuleesteen inay dilaan [[marwaan ximaar|Marwaan Ximaar]]

== Taariikhda Dawlada ==
=== xiliga cabaasiyiinta koowaad 750-861 ===
[[abuu cabaas alsafaax|Abuu Cabaas Al-Safaax]] wuxuu ku dhintay [[Anbaar]] 754, waxaana xilka kaga dambeeyay walaalkiis [[abuu jacfar almansuur|Abuu Jacfar Al-Mansuur]] kaas oo awooday inuu xididaha dawlada cusub adkeeyo waxa uu wajahday balaawgiisa kacdoono badan oo ka mid ahaa kacdoonka adeerkii [[Cabdulaahi bin Cali]] iyo kii [[Maxamad Nafsu zakiya]] kuwaas oo dhamaan ka wada takhalusay sidoo kale [[abuu Muslim khuraasaani|Abuu Muslim Khuraasaani]] ayuu dilay, waxa uuna sidaas ku noqday hogaamiya deysan, waxaa lagu tilmaamaa inuu ahaa aasaasaha rasmiga ee Cabaasiyiinta, magaalada [[Baqdaad]] ayuu dhisay intii u dhaxeesay 766 waxa uuna ka dhigay caasimadiisa cusub&lt;ref name=&quot;مولد تلقائيا2&quot;&gt;كتاب دليل خارطة بغداد المفصل - تأليف الدكتور مصطفى جواد والدكتور أحمد سوسة - مطبعة المجمع العلمي العراقي - بغداد - 1958 م. كتاب العباسيون الاوائل - تأليف الدكتور فاروق عمر فوزي - لندن -1977&lt;/ref&gt;, sanadkii 775 ayuu [[Abuu jacfar almansuur|abuu jacfar]] dhintay xili uu gudanaayay [[xajka]], wiilkiis muxamad al-mahdi ayaa khilaafda qabtay waxa uuna sii waday hagaajinta dawlada iyo daneenta beeraha iyo dadka fuqarada 785 ayuu dhintay,
Kadib markii uu dhintay [[Maxamad al-mahdi|Maxamad Al-mahdi]] sanadkii 785 waxa talada qabtay wiilkiisii [[Muusa al-Haadi|Musa al-Hadi]] laakiin xukunkiisu ma siidheeraan isna waxa uu geeriyooday sanadkii xigay ee 786,  jagadana waxa ka dhaxlay walaalkii [[Haaruun Alrashiid]] haaruun waxa uu bilaabay in uu gudaha dawlada horumar kusameeyo, waxa uu dhisay Masaajido waawayn iyo qasriyo aad u bilicsan, waxaa lagu tilmaamaa waqtigiisa xiligii dahabiga ee dawlada&lt;ref&gt;كتاب &quot;Islamic History- A New Interpretation&quot; (مطبعة جامعة كمبريدج 1980م) للدكتور محمد عبد الحى شعبان، جامعة إكستر البريطانية أستاذ التاريخ الإسلامي ورئيس قسم اللغة العربية ومدير مركز دراسات الخليج العربي، ص 23&lt;/ref&gt;, xiligigiisii ayay ahayd markii uguhoraysay ee dawladu ay isticmaasho Shamaca amaba ifka loogu talo galay in lagu qurxiyo wadooyinka waawayn iyo goobaha dawlada ee gaarka ah.waxaa hore u maray waxbarashada iyo Tiknoolejiga iyo cilmiga [[Xiddigis]]ka waxa la ikhtiraacay waxyaabo badan oo ay kamidtahay saacada biyaha, waxaa kale oo ay dawladu horumarisay [[beeraha]] iyo sidii loo sii horumarinlahaa waxa ay dawladu samaysay Buundooyin iyo biyo xidheeno waawayn iyo goobo loogu talagalay in beeraha lagawaraabiyo. [[Haaruun Alrashiid|Haaruun]] markii hore wuxuu ku tiirsanaa qoyska baraamika kuwaas oo arimaha dawlada u dhiibay, balse mar dambe ayuu ku jeestay oo laayay &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.islamstory.com/%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AF خلافة هارون الرشيد] {{Wayback|url=http://www.islamstory.com/%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AF |date=20200319163112 }}، قصة الإسلام، 24 شباط 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319163112/http://islamstory.com/|date=19 مارس 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;,  wuxuu ahaa haaruun inuu xiligii aabihiis weeraray [[Imbiraadooriyada biriizanda|biriizanda]] asigoo ku qasbay inay jizyo bixiyaan, balse markii uu yimid [[nuqfuur]] wuxuu diiday jizyada haaruun ayaa ku duulay 806 waxa uuna gaarsiiyay khasaaro xun asigoona duldhigay nuqfuur shuruud adag&lt;ref&gt;هارون الرشيد, الخليفة المظلوم, ص 120- 121 , محمد الزين والشيخ محمد القطان, مكتبة السندس 1989&lt;/ref&gt;,

[[shaaralmaan]] imbiraadoorka rooman muqadaska ayaa la sameeyay [[Haaruun Alrashiid|haaruun]] xiriir saaxibtinimo, waxayna is dhaafsadeen safiiro iyo hadiyado &lt;ref name=&quot;books.google.com2&quot;&gt;[http://books.google.com/books?id=5qNgiv-ZOEAC&amp;pg=PA179 ''Charlemagne, Muhammad, and the Arab roots of capitalism'' by Gene W. Heck] p.179-181 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227022505/https://books.google.com/books?id=5qNgiv-ZOEAC&amp;pg=PA179|date=27 فبراير 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;. [[Haaruun Alrashiid|Haaruun al-rashiid]] waxa oo dhintay 193H\809. dhimashadiisa ka dib waxaa dhashay dagaal u dhaxeeya labadiis wiil [[Al-amiin|amiin]] iyo [[ma'muun]] oo qaatay afar sano ilaa markii dambe laga dilo [[Al-amiin|amiin]] 813 oona [[ma'muun]] xilka qabto &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bawazir.com/Abbasid-caliphate/al-mamoun-bin-haroun-al-rasheed.htm عبد الله المأمون] {{Wayback|url=https://www.bawazir.com/Abbasid-caliphate/al-mamoun-bin-haroun-al-rasheed.htm |date=20200623062312 }}، موق أسرة آل باوزير، 24 شباط 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200623062312/http://www.bawazir.com/Abbasid-caliphate/al-mamoun-bin-haroun-al-rasheed.htm|date=23 يونيو 2020}} {{وصلة مكسورة|تاريخ=2020-08-02|bot=JarBot}}&lt;/ref&gt;, waxa aad u hormaray waqtigii [[ma'muun]] culuumta waxaa laga soo tarjamay afafka [[Af-Faarisi|faarisiga]] [[Af-Giriiga|gariiga]] [[At suryaan|suryaaniga]] &lt;ref&gt;[http://terezia.org/section.php?id=633 الفكر السرياني وأثره على الفكر العربي] {{Wayback|url=http://terezia.org/section.php?id=633 |date=20160305171114 }}، موقع كنيسة القديسة تريزا في حلب، 24 شباط 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200315002645/http://terezia.org/section.php?id=633|date=15 مارس 2020}} {{وصلة مكسورة|تاريخ=2020-10-13|bot=JarBot}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[ma'muun]] wuxuu ahaa inuu dhaxal suge ka dhigtay [[caliyu ridaa|Cali Ridaa]] oo ka mid ahaa calawiyiinta waxa uuna ku badalay astaantii cabaasiyiinta mida calawiyiinta, taas oo sababtay in dad badan ee ka caroodaan &lt;ref&gt;El–Hibri, “The Empire in Iraq”, ''Cambridge History of Islam'', &lt;bdi&gt;285–287, 407–408, 420&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;, balse markuu dhintay [[caliyu ridaa|Cali Ridaa]] 203H waxa oo. ku soo laabtay astaanta cabaasiyiinta. [[Ma'muun]] wuxuu waayihiisa dambe ku qasbay culumada inee dhahaan [[Qur'aan|quraanka]] waa makhluuq taasi oo ah fikir [[Muctazilo|muctazilada]] qabaan waxa uuna imtixaanay dad badan&lt;ref&gt;[http://terezia.org/section.php?id=633 خلق القرآن وقدمه] {{Wayback|url=http://terezia.org/section.php?id=633 |date=20160305171114 }}، إسلام أون لاين، 24 شباط 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200315002645/http://terezia.org/section.php?id=633|date=15 مارس 2020}} {{وصلة مكسورة|تاريخ=2020-10-13|bot=JarBot}}&lt;/ref&gt;, wuxuu dhintay [[ma'muun]] 218H\833 [[muctasim bilaah]] ayaana xilka qabtay, kaas oo xilka haayay 8 sano waxa oona waqti dheer ku bixiyay soo afjarida kacdoonkii [[Baabaka al-khurami|baabaka al khurami]] ee majuusiga ahaa &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.arab-ency.com/?module=pnEncyclopedia&amp;func=display_term&amp;id=4192 ثورة بابك الخرمي]، الموسوعة العربية، 24 شباط 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200623045514/https://www.arab-ency.com/?module=pnEncyclopedia&amp;func=display_term&amp;id=4192|date=23 يونيو 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;, [[Muctasim bilaah|muctasim]] waxa oo aad u badsaday ciidan turki ah &lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;&gt;في التاريخ العباسي والأندلسي، الدكتور [[أحمد مختار العبادي]] ص117&lt;/ref&gt; [[baqdaad]] markay anfici weesay waxa oo dhisay magaalada [[samaara]] caasimad ayuuna ka yeeshay. imbiraadoorka biriizanda toofiil ayaa weeraro ku qaaday dhulka muslimiinta, [[Muctasim bilaah|muctasim]] oo ka jawaabaya ayaa sanadii 838 ku duulay [[camuuriya]] oo ahayd magaalada ugu muhiimsan [[Imbiraadooriyada biriizanda|biriizanda]] waxa oona dudunshay gabi ahaanteedba &lt;ref name=&quot;البداية والنهاية لابن كثير&quot;&gt;[[البداية والنهاية لابن كثير]]&lt;/ref&gt;, [[Muctasim bilaah|muctasim]] waxa oo dhintay 842, wiilkiis alwaasiq ayaa xilka uga dambeeyay wuxuuna dhintay asna 847, [[mutawakil cala laah|Mutawakil Cala laah]] ayaa xilka qabtay kaasi oo ahaa kii ugu dambeeyay khulafada cabaasiyiinta ee xooga lahaa, waxaa ugu caansan oo sameeyay waa inuu [[Muctazilo|Muctazilada]] qadka ka saaray [[Ahlu sunno waljamaaca|Alsunadana]] soo dhaweeyay, turkida ayaa dileen asaga iyo wasiirkiis [[fatax bin khaan|Fatax bin Khaan]] 247H\ 861

=== Xiligii labaad ee Cabaasiyiinta 861-945 ===
dhimashada [[Mutawakil cala laah|Mutawakil]] kadib waxey gashay daciifnimo waxaana awooda oo dhan u gacan gashay talyaasha turkida, waxey ka yeesheen khulafada ciyaar ciyaar, [[Mutawakil cala laah|Mutawakil]] kadib waxey dileen afartii khaliif ee ku xigay kuwaas oo kala ahaa  [[muntasir bilaah|Mustansir bilaah]], [[Mustaciin bilaah]], [[Muctaz bilaah]] iyo [[Muhtadi bilaah]], kadib waxaa la xilka qabtay [[almuctamad cala laah|Al-Muctamad cala laah]], sidoo kale waxaa sii batay kacdoonada ey wajajaheeso dawlada, waxaa ugu caansanaa [[Kacdoonkii zanj]], kaa oo bilaawday  sanadkii 255H\869 waxeyna ka geestaan fasaad magaalooyin badan&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.hanein.info/vb/showthread.php?t=125521&amp;page=1 ثورة الزنج في البصرة] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hanein.info/vb/showthread.php?t=125521&amp;page=1 |date=20200328160336 }}، شبكة حنين، 28 شباط 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328160336/http://www.hanein.info/vb/showthread.php?t=125521&amp;page=1|date=28 مارس 2020}} {{وصلة مكسورة|تاريخ=2020-08-02|bot=JarBot}}&lt;/ref&gt;,  dawlada ayaa ku bixisay dadaal badan iyo qarashaad badan ilaa ay ka soo afjareen 270H\883, markuu yimid [[muctadad bilaah]] xilka 892, waxaa soo noolaatay heybada dawlada, wuxuuna sameeyay dhaqdhqaaq badan oo suura galiay inuu soo ceshado gobolada qaar ee weesay dawlada, wiilkiis [[Muktafi bilaah]] oo xilka uga dambeeyay ayaa meesha kasii waday dadaalada dib u soo celinta awooda dawlada, wuxuu dagaalo la galay [[Qaraamidada]] oo ahaayeen urur ddidanaa dawlada, markuu dhintay [[Muktafi biaah|Muktafi]] 908dii waxaa xilka qabtay [[Muqtadir bilaah]] oo ahaa canug yar 13jir ah, waxaa durbadii halaabay nadaamkii foodada ayaa soo laabatay, qaraamidada ayaa sii awoodeesteen sanadkii 317H xaramka ayee dadka xajinaayo ku laayaan [[Xajar aswad|Xajar aswadka]] ayeyna la baxeen oo qaateen waxaa la waayay cid xajisa, sidoo kale dawladaha goosanaayo ayaa aad u batay, [[Dawladii faadumiyiinta|Faadumiyiinta]] ayaa lawareegeen [[Magrib (Gobol)|Magrib]] 296H, dawladaha goostay waxaa ka mid ahaa [[Dawladii safaariyiinta|Safaariyiinta]], [[Dawladii saamaaniyiinta|saamaaniyiinta]], [[Dawladii Buweehiyiinta|Buweehiyiinta]], [[Dawladii xamadaaniyiinta|xamadaaniyiinta]] iyo [[Dawladii ikhsheediyiinta|ikhsheediyiinta]], faragalinta ee talyaasha ku haayaan dawlada ayaa korortay, muqtadir wuxuu wajahay sedex afgambi, kii ugu dambeeyay ayuu ku dhintay 320H,

=== Xlligii sedexaad ee Cabaasiyiinta (buweehiyiinta) 945-1055 ===
[[Dawladii Buweehiyiinta|Buweehiyiinta]] oo ahaayeen dawlad [[Shiica|shiico]] ah oo [[iiraan]] ka jirtay ayaa awoodeen inay qabsadaan [[Baqdaad]] 945 waxeyna ka dhigeen [[Khulafadii Cabaasiyiinta|khaliifka Cabaasiga]] sawir camal, awoodii maamulka oo dhan ayagaa qabsadeen, qaab dulinimo ayee kula dhaqmeen khulafada heer waxey gaareen ay khulafada midkee doonaan xilka ka qaadaan mid kalana keenaan &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://islamstory.com/ar/artical/3408424/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%B3%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86 |access-date=2022-09-12 |archive-date=2022-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912150216/https://islamstory.com/ar/artical/3408424/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%B3%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;, Talyihii ugu horeeyay ee buweehiyiinta [[mucizu dawla|Mucizu Dawla]] wuxuu xilka ka siibay khaliifka Cabaasiga [[Mustakfi bilaah]] indhaha ayuuna ka riday ka dib xabsi buu galiyay ilaa uu ka dhintay&lt;ref&gt;{{استشهاد بكتاب|عنوان=التاريخ الأموي والعباسي|ناشر=مطبعة مركز جامعة القاهرة للتعليم المفتوح|مؤلف1=د. هاشم عبد الراضي|مؤلف2=أ.د. طه عبد المقصود أبو عُبَيّة|لغة=العربية|مكان=مصر|صفحة=211&lt;/ref&gt;. Fitnada ayaa meel kasta ka bilaabatay, dawlada dhan waxey gashay daganaan la'aan, mar ay buweehiyiinta iyo xamadaaniyiinta is dagaalaan iyo mar ay daylam iyo turkida gudaha [[baqdaad]] isku dagaalaan, waqtigii [[cadudu dawla|Cadudu Dawla]] (367H-373H) xoogaa jawiga wuu dagay, laankin markuu dhintay fitnadii wey soo noqotay ilmihiis ayaa xilka isku qabsadeen, boqorkii [[Salaajiqada waaween|Salaajiqada]] [[Dogrol bek]] ayaa damac ka galay ciraaq, waxa uu la soo dhaqaaqay ciidan turki ah oo fara badan, dagaal culus ka dib [[baqdaad]] ayuu galay, waxa uuna soo dhameeyay xukunkii Buweehiyiinta&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{استشهاد ويب|مسار=https://resalapost.com/2021/03/21/%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%b2%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d8%ba%d8%b1%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%83-%d9%88%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b3/|عنوان=د {{Wayback|url=https://resalapost.com/2021/03/21/%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%b2%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d8%ba%d8%b1%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%83-%d9%88%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b3/{{!}}عنوان=د |date=20250926103907 }}. علي محمّد الصلابيّ - اجتماع السلاجقة على زعامة طغرل بك وتوسع دولتهم|موقع=رسالة بوست|لغة=ar|تاريخ الوصول=2021-05-23|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20210322095229/https://resalapost.com/2021/03/21/%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B2%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%B7%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%83-%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3/%7C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE أرشيف=2021-03-22&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Xilligii afaraad ee cabaasiyiinta (salaajiqada) 1055-1157 ===
Sanadkii 1055 ayuu [[Dogrol bek]] soo galay [[Baqdaad]] waxaana loo caleemo saaray Suldaan&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.islamstory.com/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%82%D8%A9 الدولة السلجوقية] {{Wayback|url=http://www.islamstory.com/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%82%D8%A9 |date=20200308171537 }}، قصة الإسلام، 1 آذار 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200308171537/http://islamstory.com/|date=8 مارس 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;, [[Khulafadii Cabaasiyiinta|Khaliifka Cabaasiyiinta]] ee waqtigaas wuxuu ahaa [[al-qaaim bi amri laah|Al-Qaaim bi amri laah]], [[Salaajiqada waaween|Salaajiqada]] waxba kama duwaneen [[Dawladii Buweehiyiinta|Buweehiyiinta]] oo wax awood ah uma ogoleen khulafada balse xushmad fiican bay u haayeen maadaama ay ahaayeen kuwa suni ah, xukunkii [[Salaajiqada waaween|Salaajiqada]] aad buu u balaartay waxey ka qabsadeen [[Dawladii faadumiyiinta|Faadumiyiinta]] [[Shaam]]&lt;ref name=&quot;]بلاد الشام&quot;&gt;كتاب &quot;تاريخ السلاجقة في بلاد الشام&quot; ص28 وص29.&lt;/ref&gt; sidoo kale [[Imbiraadooriyada biriizanda|Dawlada Ruum]] ayee ku jabiyeen [[dagaalkii mulaadkarad|Dagaalkii Mulaadkarad]] 1071, dhulka [[Anatooliya|Anadool]] ayee gudaha u galeen ilaa [[Izniik|Niiqiya]], waqtigii [[Suldaan Malik shaah|Malik Shaah]] ayee gaareen [[Salaajiqada waaween|Salaajiqada]] heerkii ugu sareeyay ee awooda, waziirkiisa [[Nadaamul Mulki]] ayaa lagu xasuustaa sida uu aqoonta u taageeri jiray iyo dugsiyadii badnaa uu dhisay ee loogu magacdaray, [[Suldaan Malik shaah|Malik Shaah]] markuu dhintay 1092 waxaa bilaawday dagaalo lgu hoobtay oo dhex mara wiilashiis [[burkiyaaruuq|Barkiyaaruuq]] iyo [[Maxamuud bin malik shaah|Maxamuud]] &lt;ref&gt;{{استشهاد ويب|مسار=http://www.hadigh.al-eman.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%20%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86%20%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%89%20%D8%A8%D9%80%20%C2%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%B1%20%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A3%20%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%20%D9%81%D9%8A%20%D8%A3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%20%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AC%D9%85%20%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%20%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%20%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%85%20%D9%85%D9%86%20%D8%B0%D9%88%D9%8A%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%B1%C2%BB%20(%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE%D8%A9%20%D9%85%D9%86%D9%82%D8%AD%D8%A9)/%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A9%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%20%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%20%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%20%D9%88%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%20%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%87%20%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF./i863&amp;d1155166&amp;c&amp;p1|عنوان=فصل: وفاة السلطان ملك شاه وملك ابنه محمود.{{!}}نداء الإيمان|موقع=www.hadigh.al-eman.com|تاريخ الوصول=2020-11-15|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115142321/http://www.hadigh.al-eman.com/الكتب/تاريخ%20ابن%20خلدون%20المسمى%20بـ%20«العبر%20وديوان%20المبتدأ%20والخبر%20في%20أيام%20العرب%20والعجم%20والبربر%20ومن%20عاصرهم%20من%20ذوي%20السلطان%20الأكبر»%20(نسخة%20منقحة)/وفاة%20السلطان%20ملك%20شاه%20وملك%20ابنه%20محمود./i863&amp;d1155166&amp;c&amp;p1|تاريخ أرشيف=15 نوفمبر 2020&lt;/ref&gt;.

Waxyaabaha casrigaan uu la gaar yahay waa bilaabashada [[weerarada saliibiyiinta|Weerarada Saliibiyiinta]], sanadkii 1097 ayuu soo gaaray [[Shaam]] [[weerarkii koowaad ee saliibiyiinta]] waxeyna qabseed magaalooyin badan oo ka mid tahay [[Qudus]] ka dib xasuuq arxan daro oo ka geesteen&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{استشهاد بكتاب|الأخير1=Fulk (or Fulcher) of Chartres, &quot;Gesta Francorum Jerusalem Expugnantium [The Deeds of the Franks Who Attacked Jerusalem]&quot;|الأول1=republished|editor1-last=Krey|editor1-first=August C.|editor2-last=Duncan|editor2-first=Frederick|عنوان=Parallel Source Problems in Medieval History|تاريخ=1912|ناشر=Harper &amp; Brothers|مكان=New York|صفحات=109–115|مسار=&lt;/nowiki&gt;http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/cde-jlem.html#fulcher1%7Cتاريخ الوصول=14 June 2019|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814175951/http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/cde-jlem.html%7Cتاريخ أرشيف=14 أغسطس 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;{{استشهاد بكتاب|مؤلف1=&lt;/&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[وليم الصوري|الصوري، وليم]]|مؤلف2=ترجمة: د. حسن حبشي|عنوان=الحُرُوب الصليبيَّة|المجلد=الجُزء الثاني|صفحة=127 - 128|سنة=[[1992]]|ناشر=[[الهيئة المصرية العامة للكتاب|الهيئة المصريَّة العامَّة للكتاب]]|مكان=[[القاهرة]] - [[مصر]]|مسار=https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=https://books-library.net/files/books-library.net-01181305Hr4A5.pdf&amp;hl=ar%7Cمسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228164042/https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=https://books-library.net/files/books-library.net-01181305Hr4A5.pdf&amp;hl=ar%7Cتاريخ أرشيف=28 ديسمبر 2021&lt;/ref&gt;, saliibiyiinta waxey ka dhiseen shaam afar imaaradood.

Khilaafaadka u dhaxeeya qoyska [[Salaajiqada waaween|salaajiqada]] ayaa sii kordhay dagaalo aa tiro lahayna wey dhexmareen dhowr jeer ayaa la go'doomiyay [[baqdaad]], [[Mustarshid bilaah]] khaliifka cabaasiyiinta ayaa isku dayay inuu soo ceshado awooda khulafada,  wuxuu bilaabay olole ka dhan ah salaajiqada balse sanadkii 1135 ayaa lagu jabiyay dagaal uu la galay suldaan [[Mascuud bin maxamad bin malik shaah|Mascuud]],  gacanta ayaana lagu dhigay waana la dilay&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.hanein.info/vb/showthread.php?t=118017&amp;page=1 المسترشد بالله] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hanein.info/vb/showthread.php?t=118017&amp;page=1 |date=20200328160330 }}، موقع حنين، 6 آذار 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328160330/http://www.hanein.info/vb/showthread.php?t=118017&amp;page=1|date=28 مارس 2020}} {{وصلة مكسورة|تاريخ=2020-08-02|bot=JarBot}}&lt;/ref&gt; wiilkiis [[Al-raashid bilaah|Al-raashid]] oo xilka uga dambeeyay ayaa sii amba qaaday ololihii ka dhanka ahaa salaajiqada asna waa laga adkaaday&lt;ref&gt;[https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&amp;ID=4769&amp;idfrom=0&amp;idto=0&amp;flag=1&amp;bk_no=60&amp;ayano=0&amp;surano=0&amp;bookhad=0 أمير المؤمنين الراشد بالله]، إسلام ويب، 6 آذار 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200623041658/https://islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookcontents&amp;ID=4769&amp;idfrom=0&amp;idto=0&amp;flag=1&amp;bk_no=60&amp;ayano=0&amp;surano=0&amp;bookhad=0|date=23 يونيو 2020}} &lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Xiliga shanaad ee cabaasiyiinta 1157-1258 ===
[[Muqtafi bi amri laah]] ayaa rumeeyay dadaaladii khulafada ka horeeyay, heybadii khilaafda ayuu xoogaa soo celiay, wuxuu ka dhigay khilaafada mid xur u ah maamulka [[Baqdaad]] iyo deegaanada ku hareersan, halka gobolada kale ay u raacsanaayeen Cabaasiyiinta magac ahaan, sanadkii 1171 [[Masar]] ayaa looga khudbeeyay cabaasiyiinta kadib markii ay dhacday [[dawladii faadumiyiinta|Dawladii Faadumiyiinta]].

[[Dawlada ayuubiyiinta|Ayuubiyiinta]] oo horkacaayay [[Salaaxudiin al-Ayyuubi|Salaaxudiin Ayuubi]] ayaa dagaalo la galeen saliibiyiinta waxeyna ka xoreryeen [[Qudus]] iyo deegaano badan 1187,  sidoo kale waxey  hor istaageen [[weerarkii sedexaad ee saliibiyiinta|Weerarkii Sedexaad ee Saliibiyiinta]] &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.discover-syria.com/bank/118 الأيوبيون]، اكتشف سوريا، 3 آذار 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200525093119/http://www.discover-syria.com/|date=25 مايو 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Tataarka]] wuxuu ahaa inuu dhisay sanadkii 1206 dawlad awood badan oo qabsatay badanaa dhulka [[Yuruaasiya|yuro-aasiya]] oo ku jirto [[Shiinaha]] iyo [[Ruushka]], waxa uu burburiyay [[Dawladii khawaarzimiyiinta]] ee islaamiga ahayd 1220dii, intaas ka dib [[Khulafadii Cabaasiyiinta|Khulafada Cabaasiyiinta]] cabsi xoogan ayaa soo food saartay, sanadkii 1242 waxaa [[Khilaafada Islaamka|khilaafada]] qabtay khaliif daciif ahaa oo [[Mustacsim bilaah]] la dhaho, wuxuu waziir ka dhigtay [[ibnu calqami]] oo xirirr dhaw la lahaa [[Tataarka]], wasiirkan ayaa ku kacay khayaano wuxuu u fududeeyay [[Tataarka]] inay qabsadaan [[baqdaad]], hogaamiyihii [[Tataarka]] [[Huulaaku Khan|Howlaakuu]] ayaa ciidan badan soo hor dhoobay [[Baqdaad]] 5ta [[Febraayo|febraay]] 1258, waxeyna ka hareereeyeen magaalada dhinac walba, khaliifka ayaa isku dayay wadahadalo balse [[Huulaaku Khan|Howlaakuu]] wuu ka diiday, waxeyna galeen magaalada 10ka [[Febraayo|Febraay]] ayagoo ka geestay xasuuq aa horay loo arag, tiro kor u dhaafeeso labo milyan oo qof ayee dileen oo ku jiro khaliifkii [[Baqdaad]] [[Mustacsim bilaah]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.strategypage.com/articles/default.asp?target=mongol.htm&amp;target=mongol.htm جيوش المغول حتى معركة عين جالوت (بالإنجليزية)]، موقع صفحة استراتيجية، 6 آذار 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222032735/https://www.strategypage.com/articles/default.asp?target=mongol.htm&amp;target=mongol.htm|date=22 ديسمبر 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.aljahraa.com/home/2010-05-18-11-30-10/286-%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A.html سقوط بغداد نهاية الحضارة] {{Wayback|url=http://www.aljahraa.com/home/2010-05-18-11-30-10/286-%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A.html |date=20120118124832 }}، الجهراء الثقافية، 6 آذار 2011. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118124832/http://www.aljahraa.com/home/2010-05-18-11-30-10/286-%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A.html|date=18 يناير 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

==Cabaasiyiinta Masar==
[[Dawlada ayuubiyiinta|Ayuubiyiinta]] waxey dhamaatay dawladooda 1250 waxaana badalay [[Dawladii Mamaaliikta|mamaaliikta]] oo ahaayeen asal ahaan adoomo, xukuumada mamaaliikta ayaa awooday iney ku jabiso [[Tataarka]] [[Macrakadii Ceyn Jaaluut|Dagaalkii Ceynu Jaaluut]] 3 [[Sebteembar|Sebetembar]] 1260 dhulka [[Shaam]] ayeena ka xoreryeen, sidaas ayee uga badbaadiyeen [[Islaam|islaamka]] halistii [[tataarka]].

waxaa soo gaaray [[masar]] axmad oo  walaal la ahaa khaliifka cabaasiyiinta [[Mustansir bilaah|mustansir]], suldaan [[Daahir beebaris|daahir Beebaris]] ayaa soo dhaweeyay waxaa loo doortay khaliif 1261dii, [[Axmad al-mustansir|mustansir]] ayaa asna loogu yeeray, suldaanka ayaa siiyay ciidamo badan soo u soo ceshado [[baqdaad]], balse isla sanadkaas dagaal oo la galay [[tataarka]] ayaa lagu waayay &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{استشهاد بكتاب|مسار=&lt;/nowiki&gt;https://archive.org/download/olomnasb_ymail_20160508/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AC%D8%B1%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%81.pdf%7Cعنوان=بحر الأنساب المسمى بالمشجر الكشاف|تاريخ=|موقع=المدينة المنورة|ناشر=مكتبة الملك عبدالعزيز بالمدينة المنورة (مخطوط) - إضافة النسابة اللغوي محمد بن مرتضى الزبيدي الحسيني|مكان=المنلكة العربية السعودية|تاريخ الوصول=|الأخير=الحسيني النجفي|الأول=إبن عميد|&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{استشهاد ويب|مسار=&lt;/nowiki&gt;http://alalbayt.com/?p=1110%7Cعنوان=موقع {{Wayback|url=http://alalbayt.com/?p=1110%7Cعنوان=موقع |date=20190413084955 }} آل البيت يخاطب آل البيت حول العالم » جذوة الاقتباس في نسب بني العباس|موقع=alalbayt.com|تاريخ الوصول=2018-11-28|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413084955/http://alalbayt.com/?p=1110%7C&lt;/ref&gt;. Waxaa sidoo kale yimid axmad bin xasan oo ka mid ahaa qoyska cabaasiyiinta khaliif ayaa loo doortay [[Axmad al-mustansir|mustansir]] kadib waxa loogu yeeray [[Al-Xaakim bi amri laah.|xaakim bi amri laah]].

Cabaasiyiinta [[masar]] aad bay u yareed inay soo fara gishadaan arimaha siyaasada kaliya doorkood wuxuu ku ekaa inay xoojiyaan sharcnimada salaadiinta mamaaliikta kuwaas oo heysteen awooda maamulka, suldaanka wuxuu u baahnaa inuu ka helo aqoonsi xaga khaliifka

Khilaafada cabaasiyiinta ee [[masar]] waxey jirtay ilaa 1517 markaas oo suldaanka [[cusmaaniyiinta]] [[Saliim koowaad|saliim]] uu dumiyay xukunka [[Dawladii Mamaaliikta|mamaaliikta]] ee ka jiray [[shaam]] iyo [[masar]], khaliifka ugu dambeeyay cabaasiyiinta [[mutawakil cala laah sedexaad]] ayaa uga dagay khilaafada suldaan [[Saliim koowaad|saliim]].

Guud ahaan [[cabaasiyiinta masar]] waxey jireen 256 sano waxaana khilaafada qabtay 17 khaliif.

==Khulafada Cabaasiyiinta==
[[File:Abbasids.png|thumb|]]

{| width=75% class=&quot;wikitable&quot; 
! style=&quot;background-color:#F0DC82&quot; width=1% | #
! style=&quot;background-color:#F0DC82&quot; width=5% | khaliifka
! style=&quot;background-color:#F0DC82&quot; width=5% | mudada xilka
|-
| 1||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[abuu cabaas alsafaax|Abuu Cabaas Al-Safaax]] || align=&quot;center&quot; |750-754
|-
| 2||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[abuu jacfar almansuur|Abuu Jacfar Al-Mansuur]] || align=&quot;center&quot; |754-775
|-
| 3||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[Maxamad al-mahdi|Maxamad al-Mahdi]]|| align=&quot;center&quot; |775-786
|-
| 4||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[Muusa al-haadi|Muusa Al-Haadi]]|| align=&quot;center&quot; |786-787
|-
| 5||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[Haaruun Alrashiid|Haaruun Al-Rashiid]]|| align=&quot;center&quot; |787-809
|-
| 6||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[Al-amiin|Maxamad Al-Amiin]]|| align=&quot;center&quot; |809-814
|-
| 7||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[Ma'muun]]|| align=&quot;center&quot; |814-833
|-
| 8||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[Muctasim bilaah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;|833 842
|-
| 9||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[alwaasiq bilaah|Al-Waasiq bilaah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot;|842-847
|-
| 10||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[mutawakil cala laah|Mutawakil Cala laah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot;|847-862
|-
| 11||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[Muntasir bilaah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;| 862-862
|-
| 12||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[Mustaciin bilaah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;| 862-866
|-
| 13||align=&quot;center&quot;|[[Muctaz bilaah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;| 866-869
|-
| 14||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[Muhtadi bilaah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot; | 869-870
|-
| 15||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[Muctamad cala laah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot; | 870-892
|-
| 16||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[Muctadad cala laah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot; |892-908
|-
| 17||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[Muktafi bilaah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot; | 902-908
|-
| 18||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al muqtadir bilaah|Al-Muqtadir bilaah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;| 908-932
|-
| 19||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[alqaahir bilaah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;|932-934
|-
| 20||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al raadi bilaah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;|934-940
|-
| 21||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al mutaqi lilaah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot;| 940-944
|-
| 22||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al mustakfi bilaah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;|944-946
|-
| 23||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al mudiic lilaah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot;|946-974
|-
| 24||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al daaic lilaah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;|974-991
|-
| 25||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al qaadir bilaah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot;|991-1031
|-
| 26||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al qaaim bi amri laah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot;|1031-1075
|-
| 27||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al muqtadi bi amri laah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;|1075 -1094
|-
| 28||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al mustadhir bilaah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;|1094-1118
|-
| 29||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al mutarshid bilaah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot;|1118-1135

|-
| 30||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al raashid bilaah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot;|1135-1136

|-
| 31||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al muqtafi li amri laah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;|1136-1160
|-
| 32||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[almustanjid bilaah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot;|1160-1170
|-
| 33||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[almustadii bilaah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot;|1170-1180
|-
| 34||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[al naasir lidiini laah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;|1180-1225
|-
| 35||align=&quot;center&quot;|[[al daahir bilaah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot;|1225-1226
|-
| 36||align=&quot;center&quot;| [[mustansir bilaah]]|| align=&quot;center&quot;|1226-1242
|-
| 37||align=&quot;center&quot;|[[mustacsim bilaah]] || align=&quot;center&quot;|1242-1258
|}

==Xigasho==
[[Category:Taariikhda Ciraaq]]
[[Category:Islaam]]
[[Category:Taariikh]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Xaj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4192</id>
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      <id>312049</id>
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      <text bytes="2528" sha1="cyq3b0nap1te4w94auf5vnu6cblpvhf" xml:space="preserve">'''Xajka''' waa camal cibaado ah ay muslimiinta sameeyaan, wuxuuna ka mid yahay [[Shanta tiir ee Islaamka|shanta tiir ee islaamka]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://imuslimguide.com/so/node/122 |access-date=2022-10-27 |archive-date=2022-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027142013/https://imuslimguide.com/so/node/122 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qofkastoo muslim ah waxaa waajib ku ah inuu mar guto xajka cimrigiisa oo dhan &lt;ref&gt;[https://islamqa.info/ar/answers/22466/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AC-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1 الحكمة من تشريع الحج مرة واحدة في العمر] الإسلام سؤال وجواب، تاريخ الوصول [[28 سبتمبر]] [[2009]] {{استشهاد ويب|مسار=https://www.islamqa.com/ar/ref/22466|عنوان=نسخة مؤرشفة|تاريخ الوصول=4 يناير 2018|تاريخ أرشيف=4 نوفمبر 2013|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104163609/https://www.islamqa.com/ar/ref/22466|url-status=bot: unknown}} {{استشهاد ويب|مسار=https://islamqa.info/ar/answers/22466/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AC-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1|عنوان=نسخة مؤرشفة|تاريخ الوصول=4 يناير 2018|تاريخ أرشيف=4 نوفمبر 2013|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104163609/https://www.islamqa.com/ar/ref/22466|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt; qofkaa dhaqaalo u heynin ama dhinac laga heesto, qasab ku ma ahan inuu xajiyo. Xajka sanad kasto waxaa guto dad ka badan 2 miliyan oo qof oo daafaha aduunka ka kala yimaado.

Acmaasha la qabto xajka inta lagu jiro waxaa ka mid ah [[dawaaf]] oo [[kacbada]] lagu wareego 7 jeer, [[orodka safa iyo marwa dhexdooda]] 7 jeer la dhax ordo iyo in la istaago banka carafo.

Wuxuu Nabiga scw yiri &quot;Q''ofkii xajiya oona xumaan iyo faasuqnimo ku dhax sameyn wuxuu u laabanaa sidii maalinkii hooyadii dhashay''&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Bukhaari iyo muslim ayaa wariyeen&lt;/ref&gt;.
[[File:شروط الحج وأركانه.jpg|thumb|sawir muujinaaya dad badan oo gudanaya acmaasha xajka]]

== Taariikda ==
[[File:Amir al-hajj.jpg|thumb]]

== Acmaasha xajka ==

== Fadliga xajka ==

== Xigasho ==


{{Commonscat|Hajj}}
[[Category:Islaam]]
[[Category:Tiirarka Islaamka]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Imaaraatka Carabta</title>
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      <text bytes="106362" sha1="7zulc8o8wfhyhwuzg0amqrzrk0mbpfs" xml:space="preserve">'''Imaaraatka Carabta''' ( UAE ), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Imaaraadka Carabta ,  waa waddan ku yaal Galbeedka [[Aasiya]] , oo ku yaal cidhifka bari ee [[Jasiiradda Carabta]] . Waa boqortooyo federaal ah oo dastuuri ah oo ka kooban todobo imaaradood , iyadoo [[Abu Dabi|Abu Dhabi]] ay u adeegto caasimad qaran halka [[Dubay]] ay tahay magaalada ugu weyn dalka . Waxa ay xuduud dhuleed la wadaagtaa Cumaan bari iyo waqooyi-bari, iyo Sucuudiga oo koonfur-galbeed ka xiga; iyo sidoo kale xudduudaha badda ee gacanka Faaris ee Qatar iyo Iran , iyo Cumaan ee Gacanka Cumaan . Ilaa 2024 , Imaaraadku waxa lagu qiyaasaa in ka badan 10 milyan, kuwaas oo ah qowmiyado badan. Islaamku waa diinta rasmiga ah , Carabigana waa luqadda rasmiga ah, halka Ingiriisiga uu yahay luqadda ugu badan ee lagaga hadlo iyo luqadda ganacsiga.

{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Imaaraadka Carabta
| common_name            = UAE
| native_name            = الإمارات العربية المتحدة ([[Carabi]])
| image_flag             = Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg
| flag_type              = [[Flag of the United Arab Emirates|Flag]]
| image_coat             = Emblem of the United Arab Emirates.svg
| symbol_type            = [[Emblem of the United Arab Emirates|Emblem]]
| national_anthem        = [[File:UAE national anthem.ogg]]
| image_map              = United Arab Emirates (orthographic projection).svg
| map_width              = 250px
| map_caption            = Goobta Imaaraadka Carabta (cagaaran)
ee  Jasiiradda Carabta
| image_map2             = {{maplink |frame=yes
| frame-width=250 |frame-height=250 |frame-align=center
| text= '''United Arab Emirates'''
| type=line|id=Q878|stroke-width=1|stroke-colour=#0000ff|title=UAE }}
| capital                = [[Abu Dabi|Abu Dhabi]]
| coordinates            = {{Coord|24|28|N|54|22|E|type:city}}
| largest_city           = &lt;!-- Don't change to Abu Dhabi without a citation --&gt;[[Dubai]]&lt;br /&gt;{{coord|25|15|N|55|18|E|display=inline}}
| official_languages     = [[Carabi|Carabi]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Fact sheet |url=https://u.ae/en/about-the-uae/fact-sheet |website=United Arab Emirates |publisher=U.ae |access-date=31 August 2020 |archive-date=18 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231118101755/https://u.ae/en/about-the-uae/fact-sheet |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| common_languages       = [[Emirati Arabic]], [[English language|English]]{{efn|English is the most commonly spoken language in the UAE.&lt;ref name=&quot;Siemund&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Siemund |first1=Peter |last2=Al-Issa |first2=Ahmad |last3=Leimgruber |first3=Jakob R. E. |title=Multilingualism and the role of English in the United Arab Emirates |journal=World Englishes |date=June 2021 |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=191–204 |doi=10.1111/weng.12507 |s2cid=219903631 |language=en |issn=0883-2919|doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;visitdubai&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=What Languages are Spoken in Dubai? {{!}} Visit Dubai |url=https://www.visitdubai.com/en/articles/spoken-languages-in-dubai#:~:text=Absolutely.,English%20is%20always%20an%20option. |website=www.visitdubai.com |publisher=Dubai Department of Economy and Tourism |access-date=15 May 2023 |language=en |archive-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115224604/https://www.visitdubai.com/en/articles/spoken-languages-in-dubai#:~:text=Absolutely.,English%20is%20always%20an%20option. |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| ethnic_groups          = * 59.4% [[Koonfurta Aasiya]]
** 38.2% [[Indians in the United Arab Emirates|Hindi]]
** 9.5% [[Bangladeshis in the United Arab Emirates|Bangladeshi]]
** 9.4% [[Pakistanis in the United Arab Emirates|Bakistani]]
** 2.3% [[South Asian ethnic groups|kuwa kale]]
* 11.6% [[Emiratis|Imaaraadka Carabta]]
* 10.2% [[Expatriates in the United Arab Emirates#Egyptians|Masar]]
* 6.1% [[Filipinos in the United Arab Emirates|Filibiin]]
* 12.8% [[Expatriates in the United Arab Emirates|Kuwa kale]]
| ethnic_groups_ref      = &lt;ref name=&quot;WorldFactbook&quot; /&gt;
| ethnic_groups_year     = 2015
| religion               = {{tree list}}
*74.5% [[Islam in the United Arab Emirates|Islam]] ([[State religion|official]])
**63.3% [[Sunni Islam]]
**6.7% [[Shia Islam in the United Arab Emirates|Shia Islam]]
**4.4% [[Islamic schools and branches|other]]
*12.9% [[Christianity in the United Arab Emirates|Christianity]]
*6.2% [[Hinduism in the United Arab Emirates|Hinduism]]
*3.2% [[Religion in the United Arab Emirates|Buddhism]]
*1.3% [[Irreligion in the United Arab Emirates|Agnosticism]]
*1.9% [[Religion in the United Arab Emirates|other]]
{{tree list/end}}
| religion_year          = 2020
| religion_ref           = &lt;ref name=&quot;WorldFactbook&quot; /&gt;
| demonym                = [[Imaaraadka Carabta|Imaaraadka ]]&lt;ref name=WorldFactbook /&gt;
| government_type        = Madaxweynaha Federaalka [[boqortooyo dastuuri ah]]{{refn|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Stewart|first=Dona J.|title=The Middle East Today: Political, Geographical and Cultural Perspectives|publisher=Routledge|date=2013|location=London and New York|isbn=978-0-415-78243-2|page=155}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Day|first=Alan John|title=Political Parties of The World|url=https://archive.org/details/politicalparties0004daya|publisher=Stockton|date=1996|isbn=1-56159-144-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/politicalparties0004daya/page/599 599]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://elaws.moj.gov.ae/MainArabicTranslation.aspx?val=UAE-MOJ_LC-En/00_CONSTITUTION/UAE-LC-En_1971-07-18_00000_Dos.html&amp;np=&amp;lmp=undefined|title=United Arab Emirates Constitution|work=UAE Ministry of Justice|access-date=10 October 2018|archive-date=11 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011053637/https://elaws.moj.gov.ae/MainArabicTranslation.aspx?val=UAE-MOJ_LC-En/00_CONSTITUTION/UAE-LC-En_1971-07-18_00000_Dos.html&amp;np=&amp;lmp=undefined|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| leader_title1          = [[Madaxwaynaha]]
| leader_name1           = [[Maxamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan]]
| leader_title2          = [[Ra'iisul Wasaare]]
| leader_name2           = [[Maxamed bin Rashiid Al Maktoum]]
| leader_title3          = [[Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Imaaraadka Carabta|Madaxweyne ku xigeenada]]
| leader_name3           = {{plainlist|
* Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
* [[Mansuur bin Zayed Al Nahyan]]
}}
| legislature            = {{plainlist|
* [[Golaha Sare ee Federaalka]]
}}
| sovereignty_type       = [[Taariikhda|Dhisidda]]
| established_event1     = [[Maxmiyadda Ingiriiska]] oo qayb ka ah  [[Dawladaha Gaarka ah]]
| established_date1      = 1820 and 1892
| established_event2     = [[Maalinta Qaranka ( Imaaraadka Carabta)|Madaxbanaanida]] oo ka yimid Boqortooyada Ingiriiska
| established_date2      = 2 December 1971
| established_event3     = Admission of [[Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah|Ras Al Khaimah]]
| established_date3      = 10 February 1972
| area_km2               = 83,600
| area_rank              = 114aad
| area_sq_mi             = 32,278 &lt;!--Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]]--&gt;
| percent_water          = Dayacan
| population_estimate_year = 2024
| population_estimate    = 11,027,129&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Statistics by Subject - Population |url=https://fcsc.gov.ae/en-us/Pages/Statistics/Statistics-by-Subject.aspx#/?folder=Demography%20and%20Social/Population/Population&amp;subject=Demography%20and%20Social |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Centre |archive-date=4 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204085440/https://fcsc.gov.ae/en-us/Pages/Statistics/Statistics-by-Subject.aspx#/?folder=Demography%20and%20Social/Population/Population&amp;subject=Demography%20and%20Social |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_density_km2 = 132
| population_density_sq_mi = 341.6&lt;!--Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]]--&gt;
| population_density_rank = 83aad
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $905.23 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Databases |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/SPROLLs/world-economic-outlook-databases |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2025
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 36aad
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $81,680&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 13aad
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase}} $548.60 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2025
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 28aad
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $49,550&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 21aad
| Gini                   = 26 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_year              = 2018
| Gini_change            = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=GINI index (World Bank estimate) – United Arab Emirates|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=AE|website=data.worldbank.org|publisher=World Bank|access-date=30 March 2020|archive-date=30 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330025458/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=AE|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/|title=Gini Index coefficient|publisher=[[The World Factbook]]|access-date=24 September 2024|archive-date=17 Bisha Todobaad 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717071854/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI                    = 0.940 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_year               = 2023 &lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change             = increase &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref name=&quot;UNDR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 May 2025 |title=Human Development Report 2025 |url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506051232/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf |archive-date=6 May 2025 |access-date=6 May 2025 |publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 15aad
| currency               = [[United Arab Emirates dirham|UAE dirham]]
| currency_code          = AED
| calling_code           = [[Telephone numbers in the United Arab Emirates|+971]]
| time_zone              = [[Time in the United Arab Emirates|GST]]
| utc_offset             = +04:00
| cctld                  = {{unbulleted list |[[.ae]] |[[emarat|امارات.]]}}
| footnotes              = &lt;div style=&quot;background:#ddf;padding:0.2em;font-size:135%;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;'''[[Portal:United Arab Emirates|United Arab Emirates portal]]'''&lt;/div&gt;
| linking_name           = 
}}

==Xubin==
* [[IMF]]_*
* [[ Bankiga Aduunka]]_*
* [[ Jaamacada Carabta]]_*
* [[ Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka]]_*
* [[Qaramada Midoobay]]_*_*

==Waddanamha Deggan Emmaratka==

* {{Flag|Bahrain}}: 20,000+

* {{Flag|Qatar}}:10,000+

* {{Flag|Kuwait}}: 20,000+

* {{Flag|Oman}}: 30,000+

* {{Flag|Saudi Arabia}}:50,000++

{{commons|الإمارات العربية المتحدة / United Arab Emirates‏}}
Imaaraatka Carabta ee hadda jira waxa uu ku yaalaa dhexda dhexe ee Bariga Carabta oo wadaaga dhaqanka badweynta . Boqortooyadii Boortaqiisku waxay timid gobolka qiyaastii 1500 waxayna saldhigyo ka sameysatay dhulkaas iyagoo dagaal kula jira Faaris . Ka dib markii la eryay, Nederlaanku waxay xakameeyeen cidhiidhiga waxayna dejiyeen awoodda badda ee caalamiga ah.  Qarnigii 19aad, iyadoo luul noqday dhaqaale weyn, budhcad-badeedda gacanka ay sababeen qaar ka mid ah qabaa'ilka maxalliga ah ayaa sababay in Ingiriisku yimaado,   taas oo keentay in sheekhyadu ay heshiis la samaystaan ​​iyaga oo abuuraya Dawlado run ah , si wax ku ool ah u ilaalinaya aagga Sucuudiga iyo Cumaan ee ku andacoonaya suzerainty in ka badan. Dawladaha dhabta ah waxay sii ahaan jireen maxmiyad Ingiriis ah ilaa madax-bannaani buuxda sida Isutagga Imaaraadka Carabta ee 1971. Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan , taliyaha Abu Dhabi iyo madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee dalka (1971-2004), wuxuu kormeeray horumarka degdegga ah ee Emirates isagoo maalgelinaya dakhliga saliidda cusub ee la helay daryeelka caafimaadka, waxbarashada, iyo kaabayaasha. 
Caalami ahaan, UAE waxaa loo arkaa quwad dhexe iyo magaalada Dubia waxay u adeegtaa sidii xarun caalami ah.  Kaliya 11% dadka ayaa ah Imaaraatka udhashay wadankaas oo ay ka tiro badan yihiin ajaanibka iyo shaqaalaha soogalootiga , kuwaas oo intooda badan ka yimid Koonfurta Aasiya .  Imaaraadka Carabta waxa uu leeyahay kaydka saliidda ee toddobaad ee ugu weyn adduunka iyo kaydka gaasta dabiiciga ah ee toddobaad ee ugu weyn . Dalku wuxuu leeyahay dhaqaalaha ugu kala duwan ee xubnaha Golaha Iskaashiga Khaliijka (GCC), ka dib markii ay noqdeen kuwo aan ku tiirsanayn kheyraadka dabiiciga ah qarniga 21aad oo sii kordheysa diiradda dalxiiska iyo ganacsiga. Waa xubin ka tirsan Qaramada Midoobay , Jaamacadda Carabta , Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka , OPEC , Dhaqdhaqaaqa Aan Isbahaysiga ahayn , Ururka Ganacsiga Adduunka , iyo BRICS . Imaaraadku sidoo kale waa saaxiibka wadahadalka ee Ururka Iskaashiga Shanghai .
Golaha Sare ee Federaalka oo ka kooban toddobada Amiir ee talada haya ayaa ah maamulka ugu sarreeya dowlad goboleedyada, iyagoo si wadajir ah hal xubin u magacaabaya Madaxweynaha Federaalka oo isna soo magacaabaya Ra’iisul Wasaare, isaga laftiisa ayaa soo dhisaya Golaha Wasiirada . [ 27 ] Dawlad awood leh , UAE guud ahaan waa xor marka loo eego heerarka gobolka [ 17 ] waxayna si heer sare ah ugu jirtaa dhowr tilmaame bulsheed sida guriyeynta, daryeelka caafimaadka, waxbarashada iyo badbaadada shakhsi ahaaneed, iyo sidoo kale gobolka ugu sarreeya ee Heerka Horumarinta Aadanaha . [ 28 ] Ururada xuquuqal insaanku waxay tixgeliyaan UAE heerka hoose ee xuquuqda bini'aadamka, oo ay ku hooseeyaan tusmada xorriyadda aadanaha . Arintaan ayaa waxaa sabab u ah wararka sheegaya in dadka dhaliila dowladda loo geysto xarig iyo jirdil, qoysas ay hey’adaha ammaanka dowladda dhibaateeyaan, iyo kiisas la sheegay in si qasab ah lagu waayay . [ 29 ] Xuquuqda shakhsiga ah sida xorriyaadka shirarka , ururrada , ra'yi dhiibashada , iyo xorriyadda saxaafadda ayaa si ba'an loo cabudhiyaa.
==Asalka erayga ==
Imaaraatka carabta waxaa loogu magac daray todobada imaaradood ee samaystay federaal ee kala ah imaarada Abu Dhabi , imaarada dubai , imaarada cajmaan , imaarada sharjah , imaarada ras al khaimah , imaarada umm al quwain , imaarada fujairah .
==Taariikhda==
===Qadiimiga===
[[File:Cántaro (26738115330).jpg|thumb|Qarnigii 2aad ee BCE weel laga helay goobta qadiimiga Mleiha ee Sharjah]]
Aaladaha dhagaxa ah ee la helay ayaa daaha ka qaaday in la degay dad ka yimid Afrika ilaa 127,000 oo sano ka hor iyo qalab dhagax ah oo loo isticmaalo qalitaanka xoolaha oo laga helay xeebaha Carabta ayaa tilmaamaya in xitaa deegaan ka sii da'weyn 130,000 sano ka hor.  Waqti ka dib, xiriiro ganacsi oo firfircoon ayaa la kobciyay ilbaxnimada Mesobotaamiya , Iran, iyo dhaqanka Harappan ee Dooxada Indus. Xidhiidhku wuu sii socday oo wuu sii ballaadhay, malaha waxa dhiirigeliyay ka ganacsiga naxaasta ee Buuraha Xajar , kaas oo bilaabmay qiyaastii 3,000 BC.  Ilaha Sumerian waxay ka hadlaan ilbaxnimada Magan , taas oo loo aqoonsaday inay ka kooban tahay UAE iyo Cumaan casriga ah. 
Waxa jira lix xilli oo ay dadku degeen oo leh dhaqammo gaar ah oo ka jira gobolka Islaamka ka hor, kuwaas oo ay ku jiraan xilligii Hafit laga bilaabo 3,200 ilaa 2,600 BCE, dhaqanka Umm Al Nar ee 2,600 ilaa 2,000 BCE, iyo dhaqanka Wadi Suq laga bilaabo 2,000 ilaa 1,300 BCE. Laga soo bilaabo 1,200 BC ilaa imaatinka Islaamka ee Bariga Carabta, iyada oo loo marayo saddex qarni oo bir ah oo kala duwan iyo xilligii Mleiha , aagga waxaa si kala duwan u qabsaday Achaemenids iyo ciidamada kale, waxaana la arkayay dhismayaal deyr leh iyo beero ballaaran oo ay ugu wacan tahay horumarinta nidaamka waraabka ee Falaj
===Islaamka===
Fidinta Islaamka ee cidhifka waqooyi-bari ee Jasiiradda Carabta ayaa loo malaynayaa inay si toos ah uga timid warqad uu nebi Islaamku Muxammad u diray madaxdii Cumaan sannadkii 630-kii. Tani waxay keentay in koox ka mid ah madaxda ay u safraan Madiina , oo soo galaan diinta Islaamka, ka dibna ay wateen kacdoono guul leh oo ka dhan ah Sassanids aan la jeclayn , oo xeebaha ka talinayay wakhtigaas.  Ka dib dhimashadii Muxammad , bulshooyinka cusub ee Islaamka ee koonfurta Gacanka Faaris waxay ku hanjabeen inay burburaan, oo ay la socdaan kacdoono ka dhan ah hoggaamiyayaasha Muslimiinta . Khaliifkii Abuu Bakar wuxuu ka soo diray ciidan uu ka soo diray caasimadda Madiina oo dhameeyay dib u qabsashadii dhulkii ( Dagaalladii Ridda ) ee uu la galay dagaalkii Dibba oo loo malaynayo in lagu dilay 10,000 oo qof.  Tani waxay xaqiijisay hufnaanta Khilaafada iyo midaynta Jasiiradda Carabta oo hoos imanaysa Khilaafada Raashidun ee dhawaan soo shaac baxday .
Sanadkii 637, Julfar (oo ku taal aagga Ras Al Khaimah ) waxay ahayd deked muhiim ah oo loo isticmaali jiray goob laga soo abaabulo duullaankii Islaamka ee Boqortooyadii Sasaniya . Aagga Al Ain / Buraimi Oasis waxaa loo yaqaanay Tu'am waxayna ahayd goob ganacsi oo muhiim u ah waddooyinka geela ee u dhexeeya xeebta iyo gudaha Carabta. 
Meesha ugu horraysa ee Kiristaanka ee Imaaraadka waxa markii ugu horreysay la helay sagaashamaadkii, dhisme ballaadhan oo monastic ah oo ku yaalla waxa hadda loo yaqaan Jasiiradda Sir Bani Yas oo soo taxnayd qarnigii toddobaad. Malaha Nestorian oo la dhisay 600 CE, kaniisaddu waxay u muuqataa in si nabad ah looga tagay 750 CE. Waxay samaysaa xidhiidh naadir ah oo jireed oo la xidhiidha dhaxalka Masiixiyadda, kaas oo loo malaynayo inuu ku faafay jasiiradda 50 ilaa 350 CE ka dib waddooyinka ganacsiga. Dhab ahaantii, qarnigii shanaad, Cumaan wuxuu lahaa hoggaamiyaha kiniisadda la odhan jiray John - hoggaamiyaha kiniisaddii ugu dambeeyay ee Cumaan wuxuu ahaa Etienne, 676 CE.
===Waagii Bortuqiisku===
[[File:Forte de doba.jpg|thumb|Sawir gacmeedkii Boqortooyadii Boortaqiiska ee Doba Fortress  [ pt ] ee Dibba Al-Hisn sanadkii 1620]]
Deegaanka saxaraha ah ee qallafsan ayaa horseeday in ay soo baxaan &quot;qabiilka badan&quot;, kooxaha reer guuraaga ah oo ku noolaaday dhaq-dhaqaaqyo kala duwan oo dhaqaale, oo ay ku jiraan xannaanada xoolaha, beeraha, iyo ugaarsiga. Dhaqdhaqaaqa xilliyeedka ee kooxahani ma keenin oo kaliya isku dhacyo soo noqnoqda oo u dhexeeya kooxaha laakiin sidoo kale waxay abuureen deegaamayn xilliyeed iyo xilli-xilliyeedyo iyo xarumo. Kooxahan waxa ay sameysteen kooxo qabiilo ah oo magacyadooda ay wataan Imaaraatka casriga ah, oo ay ku jiraan Bani Yas iyo Al Bu Falah ee Abu Dhabi , Al Ain, Liwa , iyo xeebta galbeed; Dhawahir , Awamir, Al Ali , iyo Manaasirkii gudaha ; Sharqiiyinkii xeebta bari ; iyo Qawaasimkii waqooyi. 
Markii ay ballaarteen boqortooyooyinkii gumeysiga Yurub , Boortaqiis , Ingiriisi , iyo ciidamada Nederland waxay ka soo muuqdeen gobolka Gacanka Faaris. Qarnigii 18-aad, ururka Bani Yas wuxuu ahaa xoogga ugu sarreeya inta badan aagga hadda loo yaqaan Abu Dhabi,  halka Waqooyiga Al Qawasim (Al Qasimi) uu xukumayay ganacsiga badda. Bortuqiisku waxay ku adkaysteen inay saameyn ku yeeshaan degsiimooyinka xeebaha, iyagoo dhistay qalcado ka dib qabsashadii qarnigii 16aad ee dhiigga ee beelaha xeebaha ee Albuquerque iyo taliyayaashii Bortuqiisku ee raacay isaga - gaar ahaan xeebta bari ee Muscat , Sohar , iyo Khor Fakkan . 
Xeebta koonfureed ee Gacanka Faaris waxa Ingiriisku u yaqaannay &quot; Xeebta Budhcad-badeedda &quot;,  sida doomaha federaalka Al Qawasim ay dhibaateeyeen maraakiibta calanka Ingiriiska ee qarnigii 17aad ilaa qarnigii 19aad. Eedaynta budhcad-badeednimada waxaa ku muransan taariikhyahannada casriga ah ee Imaaraatka, oo uu ku jiro taliyaha hadda ee Sharjah, Sheikh Sultan Al Qasimi , buuggiisa 1986 ee Khuraafaadka Budhcad-badeedda Carabta ee Gacanka .
[[File:Persian Gulf 1507-1750.gif|thumb|Purple - Boortaqiis oo ku yaal Gacanka Faaris qarnigii 16aad iyo 17aad. Magaalooyinka waaweyn, dekedaha, iyo jidadka.]]
[[File:Ras Al Khaimah under attack, 1809 01.jpg|thumb|Sawir muujinaya gubashada magaalada xeebta ah iyo dekedda Imaaradda Ras Al Khaimah intii lagu jiray ololihii Gacanka Faaris ee 1809]]
Socdaalkii Ingiriiska ee lagu ilaalinayay jidadkooda ganacsi ee Hindiya ayaa horseeday olole ka dhan ah Ras Al Khaimah iyo dekedaha kale ee xeebta, oo ay ku jiraan ololihii Gacanka Faaris ee 1809 iyo ololihii guusha badnaa ee 1819 . Sannadkii xigay, Ingiriiska iyo tiro ka mid ah hoggaamiyeyaasha maxalliga ah ayaa saxeexay heshiis xabbad-joojin badeed ah , taasoo keentay ereyga Dawlad-goboleedka , kaas oo u yimid inuu qeexo xaaladda imaaradaha xeebaha. Heshiis dheeraad ah ayaa la saxeexay 1843 iyo 1853-kii, waxaa la isku raacay Heshiiskii Badda ee Joogtada ah . Tan waxaa lagu daray 'Heshiiska Gaarka ah', ee la saxiixay 1892, kaas oo ka dhigay Waddamada Xaqiiqda ah maxmiyad Ingiriis ah. 
Sida ku cad heshiiskii 1892-kii, shuyuukhdii xaqa ahayd waxay ku heshiiyeen in aan dhulna laga tuurin marka laga reebo Ingiriis iyo in aanay xidhiidh la samayn dawlad shisheeye oo aan Ingiriis ahayn iyaga oo aan raalli ka ahayn. Taa baddalkeeda, Ingiriisku wuxuu ballanqaaday inuu ka ilaalinayo Xeebta Trucial dhammaan gardarrada badda iyo inuu caawiyo haddii weerar dhulka ah. Bilayska badda ee Ingiriiska waxa uu ka dhigan yahay in maraakiibta luulku ay ku shaqayn karaan ammaan sugan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mamnuucida Ingiriiska ee ganacsiga addoonta waxay ka dhigan tahay ilo dhaqaale oo muhiim ah ayaa lumay sheekhyada iyo ganacsatada qaarkood. 
Sannadkii 1869kii, qabiilka Qubaysat waxa ay degeen Khor Al Cadaaid oo ay isku dayeen in ay taageero ka helaan Cusmaaniyiinta. Khor Al Cadaaid waxaa xilligaas sheegan jiray Abu Dhabi, taas oo uu taageeray Ingiriiska. Sannadkii 1906dii, Deganaanshaha Siyaasadda Ingiriiska, Percy Cox , ayaa qoraal u xaqiijiyay taliyihii Abu Dhabi, Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan ('Zayed the Great'), in Khor Al Cadaaid uu ka tirsan yahay sheekhnimadiisa.
===Waagii Ingiriiska iyo helista shidaalka===
[[File:Dhayah Fort showing hilltop location.jpg|thumb|Dhayah Fort at the hill top. In 1819 it was the last Al-Qasimi stronghold to fall in the Persian Gulf campaign of 1819. The fall of Dhayah was to pave the way for the signing of the General Maritime Treaty of 1820.]]
Intii lagu guda jiray qarniyadii 19-aad iyo horraantii 20-aad, warshadaha luulka ayaa horumaray, taasoo dakhliga iyo shaqadaba siin jirtay dadka Gacanka Faaris. Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka wuxuu saameyn ba'an ku yeeshay warshadaha, laakiin waxay ahayd niyad-jabka dhaqaale ee dabayaaqadii 1920-meeyadii iyo horraantii 1930-meeyadii, oo ay weheliso abuuritaanka luul-dhaqameedka , kaas oo tirtiray ganacsiga. Hadhaagii ganacsiga ayaa aakhirkii meesha ka baxay wax yar ka dib dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka , markii dawlada cusub ee xornimada qaadatay ee Hindiya ay canshuur culus ku soo rogtay luul dibadda laga keeno. Hoos u dhaca luulku wuxuu keenay dhibaato dhaqaale oo aad u daran oo ka jirta Dawladaha Xaqiiqda ah. 
Sannadkii 1922-kii, dawladda Ingriisku waxay ballan-qaadyo ka samaysay taliyayaashii Dawlad-goboleedka oo aan heshiisyo la saxeexin shirkado shisheeye ogolaansho la'aan. Iyadoo la ogsoon yahay suurtogalnimada horumarinta khayraadka dabiiciga ah sida saliidda, ka dib markii laga helay Faaris (laga bilaabo 1908) iyo Mesopotamia (laga bilaabo 1927), shirkad shidaal oo British ah, Shirkadda Shidaalka Ciraaq (IPC), ayaa muujisay xiisaha gobolka. Shirkadda Saliida ee Anglo-Persian (APOC, oo markii dambe noqotay British Petroleum , ama BP) waxay lahayd 23.75% saamiga IPC. Laga soo bilaabo 1935kii, heshiisyada badda ee lagu sahaminayo shidaalka waxaa bixiyay taliyayaasha maxalliga ah, iyadoo APOC ay saxiixday tii ugu horreysay oo ay wakiil ka tahay Petroleum Concessions Ltd (PCL), oo ah shirkad xiriirisa IPC.  APOC waxaa laga hor istaagay inay horumariso gobolka oo keliya sababtoo ah xannibaadaha Heshiiska Khadka Cas , kaas oo u baahan inuu ku shaqeeyo IPC. Tiro door ah oo u dhexeeya PCL iyo taliyayaasha dhabta ah ayaa la kala saxeexday, taasoo dakhli waxtar u leh bulshooyinka soo maray faqriga ka dib burburkii ganacsiga luul. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hantida saliidda ee madaxda ay ka arki karaan dakhliga ka soo xerooda wadamada ku xeeran ayaa ahaa mid aan la garanayn. Godadki ugu horeeyay ee Abu Dhabi waxa qoday shirkadii IPC ee ka shaqaynaysay, Petroleum Development (Trucial Coast) Ltd (PDTC) ee Ras Sadr 1950kii, iyada oo god dhererkiisu dhan yahay 13,000 cagood (4,000-mitir) godad qodis ah oo qaatay sanad in la qodo kana soo baxo qalalan, waxaana ku baxay lacag aad u badan oo £1 million ah wakhtigaa
[[File:Mid-20th century Dubai.JPG|thumb|Dubai 1950kii: aagga sawirkan wuxuu muujinayaa Bur Dubai oo ku yaal xagga hore (oo ku taal Al-Fahidi Fort), Deira oo ku taal midigta dhexe ee dhinaca kale ee qulqulka, iyo Al Shindagha (bidix) iyo Al Ras (midig) ee gadaasha qulqulka, laga bilaabo Deira.]]
Ingriisku waxa uu sameeyay xafiis horumarineed oo ka caawiyay horumarada yaryar ee imaaradaha. Todobadii sheekh ee imaaradaha ayaa markaas go’aan ku gaaray in la sameeyo gole ka shaqeeya arrimaha dhexdooda, waxayna la wareegeen xafiiskii horumarinta. 1952, waxay samaysteen Golaha Dawladaha Trucial,  waxayna u magacaabeen Adi Al Bitar , Dubai's Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum ' lataliyaha sharciga, xoghaye guud iyo lataliyaha sharciga ee golaha. Golahan ayaa la joojiyay markii la dhisay Imaaraadka Carabta. Dabeecadda qabiilka ee bulshada iyo qeexitaan la'aanta xudduudaha u dhexeeya imaaradaha ayaa had iyo jeer keena khilaaf, lagu dhammeeyo dhexdhexaadin ama, marar dhif ah, xoog. Cuman Scouts Trucial waxay ahayd ciidan yar oo Ingiriisku u isticmaalo ilaalinta nabadda.
Sanadkii 1953, shirkad hoos timaada BP , D'Arcy Exploration Ltd, waxay ka heshay heshiis dhinaca badda ah taliyihii Abu Dhabi. BP waxay ku biirtay Compagnie Française des Pétroles (kadib Total ) si ay u sameeyaan shirkado ka shaqeeya, Abu Dhabi Marine Areas Ltd (ADMA) iyo Dubai Marine Areas Ltd (DUMA). Dhowr sahan oo saliidda hoosteeda ah ayaa la sameeyay, oo uu ku jiro mid uu hogaaminayo sahamiyaha caanka ah ee badda Jacques Cousteau . Sannadkii 1958-kii, riig sabeynayay ayaa laga soo jiiday Hamburg , Jarmalka , waxaana la dhigay sariirta Umm Shaif luul, oo ku taal biyaha Abu Dhabi, halkaas oo qodista laga bilaabay. Bishii Maarso, waxay ku dhufatay saliid samaynta dhagaxa sare ee Thamama. Tani waxay ahayd markii ugu horreysay ee la helo ganacsigii ugu horreeyay ee Xeebta Trucial, taasoo keentay dhoofinta ugu horreysa ee saliidda 1962. ADMA waxay sahan dheeraad ah ka samaysay Zakum iyo meelo kale, shirkado kale waxay sameeyeen ganacsiyo ganacsi sida saliidda Fateh ee Dubai iyo beerta Mubarak ee Sharjah (oo lala wadaago Iran).  Dhanka kale, sahaminta xeebaha waxaa hor istaagay muran dhuleed. Sanadkii 1955, Boqortooyada Midowday (UK) waxay wakiil ka ahayd Abu Dhabi iyo Cumaan khilaafkii Sucuudiga ee ku saabsanaa Buraimi Oasis .  Heshiis 1974 dhex maray Abu Dhabi iyo Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa u muuqday mid lagu xaliyay murankii xudduudda ee Abu Dhabi iyo Sacuudiga , laakiin tan lama ansixin.  Xadka Imaaraadku la leeyahay Cumaan waxa la ansixiyay 2008. 
PDTC waxay sii waday sahaminta badda ee ka fog aagga lagu muransan yahay, iyada oo qoday shan godad oo kale oo iyaguna qalalan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, 27kii Oktoobar 1960, shirkaddu waxay heshay shidaal tiro ganacsi ah ceelka Murban No. 3 ee xeebta u dhow Tarif. Sannadkii 1962, PDTC waxay noqotay Shirkadda Shidaalka ee Abu Dhabi . Markii dakhliga saliidda uu kordhay, taliyaha Abu Dhabi, Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan , wuxuu qabtay barnaamij dhisme oo ballaaran, dhisidda dugsiyo, guriyeynta, isbitaallada, iyo waddooyinka. Markii dhoofinta saliidda ee Dubai la bilaabay 1969, Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum , oo ah taliyaha Dubai, wuxuu awooday inuu maalgeliyo dakhliga ka soo baxa kaydka xaddidan ee la helay si uu u kiciyo dhaqdhaqaaqa kala-duwan ee abuurista magaalada casriga ah ee caalamiga ah ee Dubai
===Madaxbanaanida===
[[File:Flag-hoisting at the Union Declaration.jpg|thumb|Sawir taariikhi ah oo muujinaya markii ugu horreysay oo madaxda imaaraadku ay ka taageen calanka Imaaraadka Carabta ee ku yaal Aqalka Midowga ee Dubai 2dii Disembar 1971]]
Sannadkii 1966kii, waxa caddaatay in dawladda Ingiriisku aanay awood u lahayn inay maamusho oo ay ilaaliso Dawladaha Saxda ah , oo hadda loo yaqaan Imaaraadka Carabta. Xubnaha baarlamaanka Ingiriiska (MPs) ayaa ka dooday diyaargarowga ciidamada badda ee boqortooyada si ay u difaacaan sheekhyada . 24-kii Janaayo 1968, Ra'iisul Wasaarihii Ingiriiska Harold Wilson wuxuu ku dhawaaqay go'aanka dowladda, oo uu xaqiijiyay March 1971 Ra'iisul Wasaarihii Edward Heath , si loo soo afjaro xiriirka heshiiska ee toddobada sheekh ee dhabta ah. Maalmo ka dib markii lagu dhawaaqay, taliyaha Abu Dhabi, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan , oo ka baqaya nuglaanshaha, ayaa isku dayay inuu ku qanciyo Ingiriiska si ay u ixtiraamaan heshiisyada ilaalinta isaga oo bixinaya kharashka buuxa ee ku haynta Ciidamada Qalabka Sida ee Ingiriiska ee Imaaraadka. Dawladda Ingiriiska ee muxaafidka ah ayaa diiday dalabkaas.  Ka dib markii xildhibaanka xisbiga shaqaalaha Goronwy Roberts uu u sheegay Sheikh Zayed warka ka bixitaanka Ingiriiska, sagaalka sheekh ee Khaliijka Persian waxay isku dayeen inay sameeyaan midowga imaaradaha Carabta, laakiin bartamihii 1971 wali way awoodi waayeen inay ku heshiiyaan shuruudaha midowga inkastoo xiriirka heshiiska Ingiriiska uu dhacayo December ee sanadkaas. 
Cabsida nuglaanta ayaa la xaqiiqsaday maalin ka hor xornimada. Koox burburiye Iiraaniyiin ah ayaa ka jabtay dhoolatus ay ku sameynayeen gacanka hoose, iyagoo u shiraacday jasiiradaha Tunb . Jasiiradaha waxa lagu qabsaday xoog , shacab iyo difaacyo carbeed si isku mid ah ayaa loo ogolaaday inay cararaan. Markab dagaal oo Ingiriis ah ayaa istaagay intii uu socday duulaanka.  Koox wax burburisa ayaa iyana u soo dhawaaday jasiiradda Abuu Muusa . Laakin halkaas, Sheikh Khalid bin Mohammed Al-Qasimi wuxuu horey ula xaajooday shahka Iran, jasiiradda ayaa si degdeg ah loogu kireeyay Iran $ 3 milyan sanadkii. Dhanka kale, Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa sheeganeysa in Abu Dhabi ay ku badan tahay.  Waxay ahayd ilaa 1974kii markii heshiis xuduudeed lala saxeexday Sucuudiga, kaas oo si rasmi ah u calaamadaynaya soohdimaha u dhexeeya Imaaraadka iyo Sucuudiga. Dareenka Qatarta Imaaraatka ee Iran ayaa saameyn ku yeelatay taageeradii dhaqaale ee Ciraaq intii uu socday dagaalkii Iran iyo Ciraaq
Asal ahaan loogu talagalay inay ka mid noqoto Isutagga Imaaraadka Carabta ee la soo jeediyay, Bahrain waxay xorowday bishii Agoosto, iyo Qatar Sebtembar 1971. Markii heshiiskii Sheikhdoms ee Ingiriiska iyo Ingiriiska uu dhacay 1dii Disembar 1971, labada imaaradoodba waxay noqdeen madax-bannaani buuxda. 2dii Diisambar 1971, lix ka mid ah imaaradaha (Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Sharjah, iyo Umm Al Quwain) waxay ogolaadeen inay galaan urur la magac baxay Imaaraadka Carabta. Ras al-Khaimah wuxuu ku biiray ka dib, 10 Janaayo 1972. Bishii Febraayo 1972, Golaha Qaranka ee Federaalka (FNC) ayaa la sameeyay; waxay ahayd gole la tashi oo ka kooban 40 xubnood oo ay soo magacaabeen todobada masuul. Imaaraadku wuxuu ku biiray Jaamacadda Carabta 6 December 1971 iyo Qaramada Midoobay 9 December.  Waxay ahayd xubin aasaasi ah oo ka tirsan Golaha Iskaashiga Khaliijka bishii Maajo 1981, iyadoo Abu Dhabi ay martigelisay shirkii ugu horreeyay ee GCC .
===Aabayaashii asaasay===
Asaasayaashii Imaaraadka Carabta waxaa ka mid ahaa: Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan ee Abu Dhabi ; Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum ee Dubai ; Khaalid bin Muxammad Al Qasimi ee Sharjah ; Rashid bin Xumaid Al Nuaimi of Ajman ; Axmad bin Rashid Al Mucalla ee Umm Al Quwain ; Saqr bin Mohammed Al Qasimi of Ras Al Khaimah iyo Mohammed bin Hamad Al Sharqi of Fujairah .
===Xornimada ka dib===
[[File:Burj Khalifa (worlds tallest building) and the Dubai skyline (25781049892).jpg|thumb|Skyline ee Dubai]]
Imaaraadku waxa uu taageeray hawlgallada milatari ee Maraykanka iyo dawladaha kale ee isbahaysiga ee ku hawlanaa dagaalkii khaliijka ee ka dhanka ahaa Saddam Hussein ee Baathist Ciraaq (1991), iyo sidoo kale hawlgallada taageeraya dagaalka caalamiga ah ee argagixisada Geeska Afrika ee saldhigga hawada ee Al Dhafra ee ku yaala meel ka baxsan Abu Dhabi. Saldhigga cirku wuxuu kaloo taageeray hawlgallada Isbahaysiga intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Gacanka Faaris ee 1991 iyo Hawlgalkii Ilaalada Waqooyi . Wadanku waxa uu hore u saxeexay heshiis difaac milatari oo Maraykan ah 1994 iyo mid Faransiis ah 1995.  Bishii Janaayo 2008, Faransiiska iyo UAE waxay saxiixeen heshiis u oggolaanaya Faransiiska inuu saldhig milatari oo joogto ah ka sameysto imaarada Abu Dhabi.  Imaaraadku wuxuu ku biiray hawlgallada milatari ee caalamiga ah ee Liibiya Maarso 2011.
2-dii Noofambar 2004, madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee Imaaraadka, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan , ayaa geeriyooday. Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan ayaa loo doortay madaxweynaha Imaaraadka Carabta . Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan ayaa xilka kala wareegay Sheikh Khalifa oo ah dhaxal sugaha Abu Dhabi. Bishii Janaayo 2006, Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum , ra'iisul wasaarihii Imaaraadka iyo xaakimkii Dubai, ayaa dhintay, iyo Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum ayaa qaatay labada door.
Doorashadii ugu horreysay ee heer qaran ah ayaa la qabtay 16kii Disembar 2006. Tiro codbixiyeyaal ah ayaa doortay kala bar xubnaha Golaha Qaranka ee Federaalka . Imaaraadku wuxuu si weyn uga badbaaday kacdoonkii Carabta , kaas oo ay dalal kale soo mareen; si kastaba ha ahaatee, 60 ka mid ah dhaq-dhaqaaqa Imaaraatka ee ka tirsan Al Islaax ayaa gacanta lagu dhigay, kuwaas oo lagu eedeyay in ay isku dayeen afgambi iyo isku daygii ay ku doonayeen in ay ku dhistaan ​​dowlad Islaami ah oo ka dhisan Imaaraadka.  Anigoo ka duulaya mudaaharaadyadii ka dhacay Baxrayn ee u dhow, bishii Nofembar 2012 Imaaraadku wuxuu mamnuucay jeesjeeska khadka tooska ah ee dawladdiisa ama isku dayga lagu abaabulayo mudaharaadyada dadweynaha iyada oo loo marayo warbaahinta bulshada. 
Janaayo 29, 2020, Faafida COVID-19 ayaa la xaqiijiyay inuu gaaray Imaaraadka .  Laba bilood ka dib, bishii Maarso, dawladdu waxay ku dhawaaqday xidhitaanka xarumaha dukaamaysiga, dugsiyada, iyo goobaha cibaadada, marka lagu daro soo rogida bandow 24 saacadood ah, iyo joojinta dhammaan duulimaadyada rakaabka ee Emirates . Tani waxay keentay hoos u dhac dhaqaale oo weyn, kaas oo aakhirkii horseeday inay midoobaan in ka badan 50% hay'adaha federaalka ee Imaaraadka Carabta . 
29kii Agoosto 2020, Imaaraadku wuxuu xidhiidh diblomaasiyadeed oo caadi ah la samaystay Israa'iil , isagoo gacan ka helaya Maraykanka , waxay la saxeexdeen Baxreyn Heshiiskii Abraham
9kii Febraayo 2021, Imaaraadku wuxuu gaaray guul taariikhi ah markii baaritaankeedii, loogu magac daray Hope , uu si guul leh u gaaray meeraha Mars . Imaaraadku wuxuu noqday waddankii ugu horreeyay ee dunida Carabta ah ee gaadha Mars, waa waddankii shanaad ee si guul leh ku gaadhay Mars, iyo waddankii labaad, ka dib baadhitaan Hindi ah , si uu ugu wareego Mars isku daygii ugu horreeyay.
14 May 2022, Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan ayaa loo doortay madaxweynaha cusub ee Imaaraadka kadib geeridii Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan
==Juqraafiga==
[[File:Satellite image of United Arab Emirates in October.jpg|thumb|Sawirka dayax-gacmeedka ee Imaaraadka Carabta]]
Imaaraadka Carabta waxa uu ku yaalaa Bariga Dhexe , waxa uu xad la leeyahay Gacanka Cumaan iyo Gacanka Faaris , waxa uu u dhexeeyaa Cumaan iyo Sucuudiga ; waxa ay ku taal meel istaraatiiji ah oo in yar ka xigta marin biyoodka Hormuz , oo ah marin muhiim u ah saliida cayriin ee aduunka . 
UAE waxay u dhaxaysaa 22°30' iyo 26°10' waqooyi loolka iyo inta u dhaxaysa 51° iyo 56°25′ east longitude. Waxay xuduud dhan 530 kiiloomitir (330 mi) la wadaagtaa Sucuudiga galbeed, koonfur, iyo koonfur-bari, iyo 450 kiiloomitir (280 mi) oo xuduud ah oo ay la leedahay Cumaan ee koonfur-bari iyo waqooyi-bari. Soohdinta dhulka ee Qatar ee aagga Khor Al Cadaaid waa qiyaastii sagaal iyo toban kiiloomitir (12 mayl) ee waqooyi-galbeed; si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa isha khilaaf joogta ah .  Ka dib bixitaankii millatari ee Ingiriisku ka baxay Imaaraadka sannadkii 1971-kii, lagana aasaasay dawlad cusub, Imaaraadku waxa ay sheegteen jasiiradaha Abu Muusa ee ay Iiraan gumaysan jirtay iyo Tunbiyada Weyn iyo tan ka yarba, markii ay Iran qabsatay intii uu Ingiriisku xukumayay, taas oo keentay in Iiraan la isku haysto oo aan weli xal loo helin.  Imaaraadku sidoo kale wuxuu ku muransan yahay sheegashada jasiiradaha kale ee ka dhanka ah dawladda ay jaarka yihiin ee Qatar. Imaaradda ugu weyn, Abu Dhabi , waxay ka dhigan tahay 87% bedka guud ee Imaaraadka, 67,340 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (26,000 sq mi).  Imaarada ugu yar, Ajman , waxa ay ka kooban tahay 259 km2 ( 100 sq mi). 
Xeebta Imaaraadku waxay fidsan tahay ku dhawaad ​​650 km (404 mi) oo ku teedsan xeebta koonfureed ee Gacanka Faaris , oo ay muddo kooban hakisay meel go'doonsan oo ka tirsan Saldanada Cumaan. Lix ka mid ah imaaradaha waxay ku yaalliin gacanka Faaris, ta toddobaadna, Fujairah, waxay ku taal xeebta bari ee jasiiradda iyadoo si toos ah u gelaysa Gacanka Cumaan. Inta badan xeebta waxay ka kooban tahay weel milix ah oo fidsan 8-10 km (5.0-6.2 mi) gudaha gudaha.  Dekadda ugu weyn ee dabiiciga ahi waxay ku taal Dubai, in kasta oo dekedo kale lagu jeexjeexay Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, iyo meelo kale. Jasiirado badan ayaa laga helaa Gacanka Faaris, lahaanshaha qaar ka mid ahina waxay ahayd mawduuc muran caalami ah oo ka dhexeeya Iran iyo Qatar labadaba . Jasiiradaha yaryar, iyo sidoo kale dhul-badeedyo badan oo shacaab ah iyo bacaad-is-beddelasho, ayaa khatar ku ah socodka. Mawjadaha xooggan iyo dabaylaha mararka qaarkood waxay sii adkeeyaan dhaqdhaqaaqa markabka ee u dhow xeebta. Imaaraadku wuxuu kaloo leeyahay fidsan xeebta Al Bāţinah ee Gacanka Cumaan. Jasiiradda Musandam , oo ah cidhifka Carabta ee marin biyoodka Hormuz, iyo Madha waa dhulkii Cumaan ee ay kala qaybiyeen Imaaraadku.
[[File:View from Jebel Jais - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Waddooyinka taga Jebel Jais , buurta ugu dheer Imaaraadka (1,892 m), ee Ras Al Khaimah]]
Koonfurta iyo galbeedka Abu Dhabi, godad bacaad ah oo rogrogan ayaa ku biiraya Rub al-Khali (Qarter Madhan) ee Sucuudiga. Meesha saxaraha ah ee Abu Dhabi waxaa ku jira laba oases oo muhiim ah oo leh biyo ku filan oo dhulka hoostiisa ah oo loogu talagalay degsiimooyinka joogtada ah iyo beerashada. Liwa Oasis oo ballaadhan waxa ay ku taal koonfurta oo u dhaw xuduudka aan la cayimin ee Sucuudiga. Qiyaastii 100 km (62 mi) waqooyi-bari ee Liwa waa Al-Buraimi oasis, kaas oo ku fidsan labada dhinac ee xudduudda Abu Dhabi iyo Cumaan. Harada Zakher ee Al Ain waa haro bini'aadanku sameeyay oo u dhow xudduudda Cumaan taas oo laga sameeyay biyo wasakh ah oo la daweeyay. 
Kahor inta aysan ka bixin aaggaas 1971-kii, Ingriisku wuxuu xadeeyay xudduudaha gudaha ee toddobada imaaradood si ay uga hor-tagaan murannada dhuleed ee carqaladayn kara samaynta federaalka. Guud ahaan madaxda imaaraadku waxay aqbaleen faragelintii Ingriiska, laakiin marka la eego muranka xuduudeed ee u dhexeeya Abu Dhabi iyo Dubai, iyo sidoo kale Dubai iyo Sharjah, sheegashooyinka iska soo horjeeda lama xalin ilaa markii Imaaraadku xoroobay. Soohdimaha ugu murugsan waxay ahaayeen buuraha Hajar-galbeed , halkaas oo shan ka mid ah imaaradaha ay ku muransanaayeen in ka badan toban deegaan

===Kala duwanaanshaha noolaha===
[[File:1501200713074 Acacia tortilis.jpg|thumb |Geedaha Acacia ee ka baxa xaafado saxare ah oo u dhow Fujairah]]
Imaaraadku wuxuu ka kooban yahay dhulalka soo socda ee dhulalka: Al-Hajar montane dhulalka iyo dhirta geedaha, Gacanka Cumaan ee saxaraha ah iyo saxaraha-yar , iyo Al-Hajar foothill xeric geedo iyo geedo yaryar .
Geeduhu waxay koraan timirta , qudhacyada , iyo geedaha eucalyptus . Saxaraha dhexdiisa, flora waa mid aad u yar oo ka kooban caws iyo geedo qodax leh. Xayawaanka wadaniga ah ayaa ku dhawaaday inay dabar go’aan sababtoo ah ugaarsi xooggan, taas oo keentay barnaamij lagu ilaalinayo Jasiiradda Sir Bani Yas oo uu bilaabay Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan 1970-meeyadii, taasoo keentay badbaadada, tusaale ahaan, Oryx Carabta , Geela Carabta , iyo shabeelka . Kalluunka xeebaha iyo naasleyda ayaa ka kooban inta badan mackerel , kalluun , iyo tuna , iyo sidoo kale shark iyo nibiriyada.
===Cimilada===
Cimilada Imaaraadku waa dhul-kuleelo-hoosaad oomane leh xagaaga kulayl iyo jiilaal diiran. Cimilada waxaa loo kala saaraa cimilo saxare ah. Bilaha ugu kulul waa Julaay iyo Agoosto, marka celceliska heerkulka ugu sarreeya uu gaaro 45 °C (113 °F) ee bannaanka xeebta . Buuraha Xajar, heerkulku aad buu u hooseeyaa, taasoo ka dhalatay kor u kaca. Celceliska heerkulka ugu yar bilaha January iyo February waa inta u dhaxaysa 10 iyo 14 °C (50 iyo 57 °F). Inta lagu jiro bilaha xagaaga dambe, dabaysha qoyan ee koonfur bari ee loo yaqaan Sharqi (ie &quot;Easterner&quot;) ayaa gobolka xeebta ka dhigta mid aan wanaagsanayn. Celceliska roobabka sanadlaha ah ee aagga xeebuhu waxa ay ka yar yihiin 120 mm (4.7 in), laakiin meelaha buuraleyda ah qaarkood roobabka sannadlaha ahi waxa ay gaadhaan 350 mm (13.8 in). Roobabka ka da'a gobolka xeebta ayaa si kooban u da'a, roobab mahiigaan ah ayaa dillaaca bilaha jiilaalka, mararka qaarkoodna ay sababaan daadad ku soo rogmado sariiraha wabiyada ee sida caadiga ah qalalan .  Gobolku wuxuu u nugul yahay marmar, duufaanno boodh rabshado wata , kuwaas oo si ba'an u yarayn kara aragtida.
28kii Diseembar 2004, baraf ayaa laga duubay UAE markii ugu horeysay, oo ku yaal kooxda buurta Jebel Jais ee Ras al-Khaimah.  Dhawr sano ka dib, waxaa la arkay baraf iyo roobdhagaxyaale badan.  Kooxda buurta Jebel Jais waxa soo maray baraf kaliya laba jeer tan iyo markii la bilaabay diiwaanada.
==Dowladda iyo siyaasadda==
[[File:His Highness Sheikh Mohammed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, at Hyderabad House, in New Delhi on February 11, 2016.jpg|thumb|Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan madaxwayne ilaa 2022]]
[[File:Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum (15-02-2021) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Mohammed Rashid Al MaktoumRaiisel wasaare iyo madaxwayne ku xigeen ilaa 2006]]
===Dowladda===
Imaaraatka Carabta waa boqortooyo dastuuri ah oo federaal ah oo ka kooban federaal ka kooban todobo qabiil oo la iska dhaxlo oo la iska dhaxlo unugyo siyaasadeed oo la yiraahdo Shiikhdoms . Waxaa maamula Gole Sare oo Federaal ah oo ka kooban Sheikhyada Abu Dhabi , Ajman , Fujairah , Sharjah , Dubai , Ras Al Khaimah , iyo Umm Al Quwain . Dhammaan mas'uuliyadaha aan la siin dowladda federaalka waxay ku kooban yihiin imaaradaha gaarka ah.  Boqolkiiba  dakhliga imaarad kasta waxaa loo qoondeeyay miisaaniyadda dhexe ee UAE.  Imaaraadku wuxuu adeegsadaa magaca Sheekh halkii Amiir si uu ula jeedo madaxda imaaradaha gaarka ah. Ciwaanka waxaa loo adeegsadaa nidaamka maamul ee u qaabaysan sheekhnimada iyadoo la raacayo dhaqanka qabaa'ilka Carabta , halkaasoo Sheekh uu ula jeedo hoggaamiye, oday, ama caaqilka qabiilka oo ka qayb qaata go'aan qaadashada la wadaago xertiisa. Madaxweynaha iyo ku xigeenkiisa waxaa dooranaya Golaha Sare ee Federaalka . Caadi ahaan, Madaxa qoyska Al Nahyan , ee fadhigoodu yahay Abu Dhabi, ayaa haya madaxweynaha iyo madaxa qoyska Al Maktoum , oo fadhigiisu yahay Dubai, ra'iisul wasaaraha. Dhammaan ra'iisul wasaarayaasha mid ka mid ah ayaa isla markaa noqday madaxweyne ku xigeen. Dawladda federaalku waxay ka kooban tahay saddex qaybood:
Sharci-dejin : Gole Sare oo Federaal ah oo aan hal aqal ahayn iyo Golaha Qaranka ee Federaalka ee la-talinta (FNC).
Fulinta : Madaxweynaha , ahna taliyaha guud ee ciidamada, ra'iisul wasaaraha , iyo golaha wasiirada .
Garsoorka : Maxkamadda Sare iyo Maxkamadaha hoose ee federaalka
[[File:Palacio Presidencial de los Emiratos, sede del Poder Ejecutivo Nacional..jpg|thumb |]]
Dawlada Imaaraatka e-Government waa kordhinta dawlada dhexe ee UAE qaab elegroonig ah. Golaha Wasiirrada ee UAE ( Af-Carabi : مجلس الوزراء ) waa laanta fulinta ee dawladda uu hogaamiyo ra'iisul wasaaruhu. Ra'iisul wasaaraha oo uu soo magacaabo Golaha Sare ee Federaalka , ayaa magacaabaya wasiirrada. Golaha Wasiirada ayaa ka kooban 22 xubnood, waxaana ay maamulaan dhammaan arrimaha gudaha iyo dibadda ee Federaalka sida uu qabo sharciga dastuuriga ah iyo federaalka. Bishii Diseembar 2019,  Imaaraadku wuxuu noqday dalka keliya ee Carbeed, iyo mid ka mid ah shanta waddan ee adduunka, si ay u helaan sinnaanta jinsiga ee hay'ad sharci-dejineed oo qaran, iyada oo aqalkeeda hoose 50 boqolkiiba haween ah. 
Imaaraadku waa dalka kaliya ee adduunka ee leh Wasaaradda Dulqaadka , Wasaaradda Farxadda ,  iyo Wasaaradda Sirdoonka Artificial.  Imaaraadku waxa kale oo uu leeyahay wasaarad muuqaal ah oo lagu magacaabo Wasaaradda suurtagalka ah, oo loogu talagalay in lagu xalliyo caqabadaha iyo horumarinta tayada nolosha.  Imaaraadku waxa kale oo uu leeyahay Golaha Dhallinyarada Qaranka , kaas oo uu ku matalo golaha wasiirrada UAE Wasiirka Dhallinyarada. 
Hay’adda sharci-dejinta ee Imaaraadka waa Golaha Qaranka ee Federaalka oo qabanqaabiya doorashooyin dalka oo dhan afartii sanaba mar. FNC waxay ka kooban tahay 40 xubnood oo laga soo kala xulay imaaradaha oo dhan. Imaaraad kasta waxaa loo qoondeeyay kuraas gaar ah si loo xaqiijiyo matalaad buuxda. Kala badh waxaa soo magacaabaya saldanada Imaaraatka ka dhisan, halka qeybta kalena ay soo doorteen tiro yar oo Imaaraat ah, oo hadda ah 33%, oo ay soo xulaan madaxda imaaraad kasta.Sharci ahaan, xubnaha golaha waa in ay si siman u qaybsadaan ragga iyo dumarka. FNC waxay ku xaddidan tahay door wada tashi ah . 
Imaaraatka Carabta waa boqortooyo federaal ah oo kali talis ah .  Sida laga soo xigtay New York Times , Imaaraadku waa &quot;ka-talisnimo leh dhalasho horumar, dawlad casri ah&quot;. Imaaraatka waxa lagu tilmaamay inay tahay &quot;Qabiil madax-bannaani&quot; halkaasoo toddobada boqortooyo ee ka kooban yahay ay hoggaamiyaan saldanad qabiil oo hab iskeed u madaxbannaan. Ma jiraan hay'ado si dimoqraadi ah loo soo doortay, mana jirto ballanqaad rasmi ah oo ku aaddan xorriyadda hadalka. Sida laga soo xigtay ururada xuquuqul insaanka, waxaa jira xad-gudubyo nidaamsan oo xuquuqul insaanka, oo ay ku jiraan jirdilka iyo waayitaanka qasabka ah ee dhaleeceynta dowladda.  Imaaraadku wuxuu ku liitaa tusaha xorriyadda ee cabbiraya xorriyadaha madaniga ah iyo xuquuqda siyaasadeed . Imaaraadku sannad walba waxa lagu qiimeeyaa &quot;Non Free&quot; warbixinta sannadlaha ah ee Freedom House 's Freedom in the World , taas oo cabbiraysa xorriyadaha madaniga ah iyo xuquuqda siyaasadeed.  Imaaraadku sidoo kale wuxuu ku jiraa meel aad u liidata tusmada xorriyadda saxaafadda ee suxufiyiinta aan xuduudda lahayn . Tusaha isbeddelka Bertelsmann wuxuu UAE ku sifeeyaa &quot;Boqortooyo dhexdhexaad ah&quot;. Dalku waxa uu ku jiray 91 ka mid ah 137 dawladood waxana uu aad uga hooseeyaa celceliska dhibcaha horumarka ee dimuqraadiyadda. Marka loo eego 2023 V-Dem Democracy tusaha , Isutagga Imaaraatka Carabta waa dalka saddexaad ee ugu dimuqraadiga yar Bariga Dhexe .
===Qaybaha maamulka===
Imaaraadka Carabta waxa uu ka kooban yahay todobo imaaradood. Imaaradda Dubia waa imaaradaha ugu dadka badan oo leh 35.6% dadweynaha Imaaraadka. Emirate -ka Abu Dhabi waxa uu haystaa 31.2%, taasoo la macno ah in saddex meelood laba meel dadka Imaaraadka ay ku nool yihiin Abu Dhabi ama Dubai midkood.
Abu Dhabi waxa ay leedahay bed dhan 67,340 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (26,000 square miles), taas oo ah 86.7% bedka guud ee dalka, marka laga reebo jasiiradaha. Waxay leedahay xeeb dhererkeedu ka badan yahay 400 km (250 mi) waxayna u qaybsantaa arrimo maamul saddex gobol oo waaweyn. Imaaradda Dubai waxay ku fidsan tahay xeebta Gacanka Faaris ee Imaaraadka ilaa 72 km (45 mi). Dubia waxay leedahay bed dhan 3,885 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (1,500 square miles), oo u dhiganta 5% bedka guud ee dalka, marka laga reebo jasiiradaha. Imaarada Sharjah waxay ku fidsan tahay qiyaastii 16 km (10 mayl) ee xeebta Gacanka Faaris ee Imaaraadka Carabta iyo in ka badan 80 km (50 mi) gudaha. Imaarada waqooyi oo ay ku jiraan Fujairah, Ajman, Ras al-Khaimah, iyo Umm al-Qaiwain dhamaantood waxay leeyihiin bedka guud ee 3,881 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (1,498 mayl laba jibaaran). Waxaa jira laba aag oo si wadajir ah loo maamulo. Mid waxaa si wadajir ah u maamula Cumaan iyo Ajman, ka kalena Fujairah iyo Sharjah.
Waxaa jira carro weyn oo Cumaan ah oo uu ku hareereysan yahay dhulka Imaaraadka Carabta, oo loo yaqaan Wadi Madha . Waxay ku taallaa kala badh u dhexeeya Jasiiradda Musandam iyo Cumaan inteeda kale ee Imaarada Sharjah . Waxay daboolaysaa qiyaastii 75 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (29 mayl laba jibaaran) xuduuda waxaa la dejiyay 1969. Geeska waqooyi-bari ee Madha ayaa ugu dhow wadada Khor Fakkan-Fujairah, oo u jirta 10 mitir (33 cagood). Dhulka Cumaan ee Madha, waxaa ku yaal carro Imaaraatka oo lagu magacaabo Nahwa , oo sidoo kale iska leh imaarada Sharjah. Waxay qiyaastii siddeed kiiloomitir (5.0 mayl) u jirtaa waddo wasakh ah oo galbeed ka xigta magaalada New Madha. Waxay ka kooban tahay ilaa afartan guri oo leh rug caafimaad iyo telefoon isweydaarsi u gaar ah
===Xiriirka dibadda===
[[File:President Trump and The First Lady Participate in an Abraham Accords Signing Ceremony (50346677397).jpg|thumb|Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda ee Emirate-ka Carabta Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan (midigta fog) markii uu saxiixay heshiiskii Abraham]]
Imaaraadka Carabta ayaa xiriir diblomaasiyadeed iyo mid ganacsi oo ballaaran la leh inta badan dalalka iyo xubnaha Qaramada Midoobay . Waxay kaalin mug leh ka ciyaartaa OPEC , waxayna ka mid tahay xubnihii aasaasay Golaha Iskaashiga Khaliijka (GCC). Imaaraadku waa xubin ka tirsan Qaramada Midoobay iyo dhowr hay'adood oo gaar ah ( ICAO , ILO , UPU , WHO , WIPO ), iyo sidoo kale Bankiga Adduunka , IMF , Jaamacadda Carabta , Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka (OIC) iyo Dhaqdhaqaaqa aan Isbahaysiga ahayn . Sidoo kale, waa goobjooge ka tirsan Ururka Internationale de la Francophonie . Waddamada intooda badan waxay xafiisyo diblomaasiyadeed ku leeyihiin caasimadda Abu Dhabi iyadoo qunsuliyadaha ugu badani ay ku yaalliin magaalada ugu weyn Imaaraadka Carabta, Dubai .
Xidhiidhka arrimaha dibadda ee Imaaraatka waxa si weyn u dhiirigeliya aqoonsiga iyo xidhiidhka dalalka Carabta .  Isutagga Imaaraatka Carabta waxay xidhiidh adag la leedahay Bahrain, China, Egypt,  France,  India, Jordan,  Pakistan, Russia, Saudi Arabia, and the United States. 
Ka dib ka bixitaankii Ingiriiska ee Imaaraadka 1971 iyo aasaaskii Imaaraadku dawlad ahaan, Imaaraadku waxay ku murmeen xuquuqaha saddex jasiiradood oo ku yaal Gacanka Faaris oo ka dhan ah Iran, oo kala ah Abu Musa , Tunb weyn , iyo Tunb yar . Imaaraatka Carabta ayaa isku dayay in ay arintaan geeyaan maxkamada caalamiga ah ee cadaalada , balse Iran ayaa ku gacan seyrtay fikradaas.  Pakistan waxay ahayd waddankii ugu horreeyay ee si rasmi ah u aqoonsada Imaaraadka Carabta markii la dhisay.  Imaaraadka Carabta oo ay weheliyaan dalal badan oo Bariga Dhexe iyo Afrikaan ah ayaa xiriirka diblomaasiyadeed u jaray Qatar bishii Juun 2017 sababo la xiriira eedeymaha Qatar ee ah in Qatar ay tahay dowlad taageerta argagixisada , taasoo keentay xiisadda diblomaasiyadeed ee Qatar . Xidhiidhka ayaa dib loo soo celiyay bishii Janaayo 2021.  Imaaraadku wuxuu aqoonsaday Israa'iil Agoosto 2020, isagoo gaadhay heshiis nabadeed oo taariikhi ah oo Israa'iil iyo Isutagga Imaaraadka Carabta ah oo horseedaya in si buuxda loo caadiyeeyo xidhiidhka labada waddan.
===Milatari===
[[File:Baynunah-class corvette Al Dhafra P-173 at NAVDEX.JPG|thumb|Baynunah -class corvette ee ciidamada badda ee Imaaraadka Carabta]]
[[File:F-16e block60.jpg|thumb |F-16 Desert Falcon ee Ciidanka Cirka ee Imaaraadka Carabta]]
Ciidamada Imaaraatka Carabta ayaa ka kooban 44,000 oo askari oo firfircoon , 2,500 oo askari iyo 46 markab oo ciidamada badda ah , 4,500 askari iyo 386 diyaaradood oo ciidamada cirka ah iyo 12,000 oo askari oo ka tirsan ciidamada ilaalada madaxtooyada . 2022 wadanku waxa uu ku kharash gareeyay US$20.4 bilyan difaaca, taas oo ah 4% GDP. Imaaraatka Carabta ayaa lagu tiriyaa in uu yahay kan ugu awooda badan dhanka ciidamada wadamada Khaliijka. 
In kasta oo markii hore ay tiro yaraayeen, ciidamada qalabka sida ee Imaaraadku aad ayay u kordheen sannadihii la soo dhaafay, waxaana hadda lagu qalabeeyay qaar ka mid ah hababka hubka ee ugu casrisan, oo laga soo iibsaday dalal kala duwan oo militariga reer galbeedka ah, oo ay ugu horreeyaan Faransiiska, Mareykanka, iyo UK. Saraakiisha badankoodu waa kuwa ka qalin jabiyay Akadeemiyada Militariga Boqortooyada Ingiriiska ee Sandhurst , iyadoo qaar kalena ay ka soo baxeen Akadeemiyada Militariga Mareykanka ee West Point , Royal Military College, Duntroon ee Australia, iyo St Cyr , akadeemiyada militariga ee Faransiiska. Faransiiska iyo Maraykanku waxay ciyaareen doorarka istaraatiijiyadeed ee ugu muhiimsan heshiisyada iskaashiga difaaca iyo bixinta agab milatari. 
Qaar ka mid ah ciidamada Imaaraatka Carabta la geeyay waxaa ka mid ah guuto lugta ah oo ka tirsan ciidamada Qaramada Midoobay ee UNOSOM II ee Soomaaliya 1993, guutadii 35aad ee Mechanized Infantry ee Soomaaliya, Kosovo , guutooyin u socday Kuwait intii uu socday dagaalkii Ciraaq , howlgalladii miino baarista ee Lubnaan , Howlgalka Xoreynta Afgaanistaan , Faragelinta Mareykanka uu hoggaamiyo ee Liibiya , faragelintii Yemen ee uu hoggaamiyo Mareykanka iyo Suuriya . Doorka ciidan ee fir fircoon ee wax ku oolka ah, inkastoo ay yar yihiin shaqaale firfircoon, ayaa keentay in millatariga Imaaraatka lagu naanayso &quot;Little Sparta&quot; ee Generalada Ciidamada Qalabka Sida ee Mareykanka iyo xoghayihii hore ee difaaca Mareykanka James Mattis . 
Imaaraadku wuxuu soo farageliyay dagaalka sokeeye ee Liibiya si uu u taageero General Khalifa Haftar ee Ciidanka Qaranka Liibiya ee dagaalka kula jira dawladda caalamku aqoonsan yahay ee Axdiga Qaranka (GNA). 
Tusaalooyinka hantida militariga ee la geeyay waxaa ka mid ah fulinta aagga duulimaadka ka caagan ee Liibiya iyadoo loo dirayo lix UAEAF F-16 iyo lix Mirage 2000 oo ah diyaaradaha dagaalka ee doorka badan ,  ciidamo dhulka ah oo la geynayo Afgaanistaan, 30 UAEAF F -16s iyo ciidamada dhulka ee la geeyay Koonfurta Yemen bartilmaameedyada Suuriya. 
Imaaraadku waxa uu bilaabay soo saarista tiro badan oo qalab milatari ah, si loo yareeyo ku tiirsanaanta shisheeye iyo caawinta warshadaha qaranka. Tusaalooyinka horumarinta millatariga qaranka waxaa ka mid ah shirkadda Abu Dhabi Shipbuilding (ADSB), oo soo saarta maraakiib kala duwan oo qandaraasle ah oo ku jira Barnaamijka Baynunah , barnaamij lagu naqshadeeyo, horumarinta, iyo soo saarista corvettes ee loogu talagalay hawlgalka biyaha gacmeed ee Gacanka Faaris . Imaaraadku waxa kale oo uu soo saarayaa hubka iyo rasaasta Caracal International , gaadiidka dagaalka ee Nimr LLC , iyo diyaaradaha aan duuliyaha lahayn ee si wada jir ah u soo saara shirkadda Imaaraad ee Difaaca Warshadaha . Imaaraadku waxa uu ka shaqeeyaa General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon F-16E Block 60 nooc gaar ah oo si aan rasmi ahayn loo yaqaan &quot; Desert Falcon &quot;, oo ay soo saartay General Dynamics oo kaashanaysa Imaaraadka Carabta iyo gaar ahaan Ciidanka Cirka ee Imaaraadka Carabta . Ciidanka Isutagga Imaaraatka Carabta ayaa ka shaqeeya taangiga Leclerc oo la habeeyey waana ta kaliya ee ka shaqeysa taangiga marka laga reebo Ciidanka Faransiiska. Bandhigga ugu weyn ee difaaca iyo shirka Bariga Dhexe, Bandhigga Difaaca Caalamiga ah , wuxuu ka dhacaa Abu Dhabi sannadkiiba mar.
Imaaraadku wuxuu soo rogay adeeg ciidan oo qasab ah ragga qaangaarka ah, tan iyo 2014-kii, muddo 16 bilood ah si loo ballaariyo ciidamadooda kaydka ah. Khasaaraha nafeed ee ugu badan taariikhda ciidamada Imaaraatka Carabta ayaa dhacay Jimcihii 4-tii Sebtembar 2015, kaas oo 52 askari lagu dilay deegaanka Marib ee bartamaha Yaman oo loo adeegsaday gantaal Tochka ah oo lala beegsaday kayd hub ah oo sababay qarax weyn
===Sharciga===
[[File:Police helicopter at sunset (Unsplash).jpg|thumb |Diyaarad Helicopter ah oo Bilayska Dubai ah oo ku duulaysa qorrax dhaca]]
Isutagga Imaaraadka Carabta waxa ay leedahay nidaam maxkamadeed oo federaal ah, imaaradaha Abu Dhabi , Dubai , iyo Ras Al Khaimah sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin habab maxkamadeed oo maxalli ah. Nidaamka garsoorka Imaaraadku waxa uu ka soo jeedaa nidaamka sharciga madaniga ah iyo shareecada . Nidaamka maxkamaduhu wuxuu ka kooban yahay maxkamadaha madaniga ah iyo maxkamadaha shareecada. Maxkamadaha shareecada islaamku waxay leeyihiin awood gaar ah arimaha sharciga qoyska muslimka ah, halka maxkamadaha madaniga ahi ay qabtaan dhamaan arimaha kale ee sharciga ah.  Ilaa Sebtembar 2020, ciqaabta jidhku hadda ma ahan qaab ciqaabeed sharci ah sida uu dhigayo sharciga federaalka UAE. Sida ku cad wareegtada, qaababka sharciga ah ee ciqaabtu waa aargoosiga iyo bixinta lacagta dhiigga, ciqaabta dilka, xabsi daa'im, xabsi ku meel gaar ah, xarig aan xad lahayn, iyo ganaaxyo.  Qodobka 1aad ee Xeerka Ciqaabta Federaalka waxa wax laga beddelay 2020 si uu u sheego in Shareecada Islaamku ay khusayso oo keliya ciqaabta magta iyo dhiigga; Horey maqaalku wuxuu u sheegay in &quot; sharciga Islaamka lagu dabaqi doono dembiyada ciqaabta caqiidada, ciqaabta ciqaabta iyo lacagta dhiigga.&quot; Kahor 2020, karbaashka , dhagxaanta , goynta , iyo iskutallaabta waxay ahaayeen ciqaabo farsamo oo sharci ah dembiyada dembiyada sida sinada , galmada ka hor , iyo isticmaalka daroogada ama khamriga.  Taariikhda dhow, Imaaraadku wuxuu ku dhawaaqay inuu doonayo inuu u dhaqaaqo xeer sharci oo dulqaad badan, iyo inuu meesha ka saaro ciqaabta jirka guud ahaan si loo helo ciqaab gaar ah. Iyadoo sharciyada khamriga iyo wada-noolaanshaha la sii daayay ka hor 2020 World Expo , sharciyada Imaaraadku waxay noqdeen kuwo si isa soo taraysa loo aqbali karo booqdayaasha ka imanaya wadamada aan muslimka ahayn. 
[[File:Dubai Police at work (12385410394) (cropped).jpg|thumb |Mootada Baabuurta sare ee Booliska Dubai ee Jumeirah Road]]
Maxkamadaha shareecada islaamku waxay leeyihiin awood gaar ah oo ku saabsan arrimaha sharciga qoyska Muslimka sida guurka, furriinka, xannaanaynta carruurta, iyo dhaxalka.  Haweenka Muslimiinta ah waa inay ka helaan ogolaansho nin mas'uul ah si ay u guursadaan oo ay dib u guursadaan. Shuruuddan waxa ay ka timid shareecada shareecada waxana ay ahayd sharci federaal ah ilaa 2005 . Qurbajoogta aan Muslimka ahayn waxay mas'uul ka ahaayeen xukunnada shareecada ee guurka, furriinka, xannaanada carruurta, iyo dhaxalka, si kastaba ha ahaatee, sharciga federaalka ayaa la bedelay si loo soo bandhigo sharciga sharciga shakhsi ahaaneed ee aan shareecada ahayn ee dadka aan muslimka ahayn. Dhowaan, imaaradda Abu Dhabi waxay furtay maxkamad qoys oo sharciga madaniga ah oo loogu talagalay dadka aan muslimka ahayn waxayna Dubai ku dhawaaqday in dadka aan muslimka ahayn ay dooran karaan guurka madaniga ah. 
Riddada waa fal-dembiyeed farsamo ahaan weyn oo Imaaraadka ka jira, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma jiraan kiisas la diiwaangeliyay oo murtad lagu fuliyay. caydu waa sharci darro; Qurbajoogta ku lug leh aflagaadada Islaamka ayaa mas'uul ka ah masaafurinta. Sodomigu waa sharci darro waxaana lagu ciqaabayaa ugu yaraan 6 bilood oo xadhig ah ama ganaax ama labadaba, laakiin sharciga ma khuseeyo &quot;marka laga reebo cabasho ka timid ninka ama mas'uulka sharciga ah&quot;, laakiin ciqaabta waa la laali karaa haddii cabashada la dhaafo.  Sannadkii 2013-kii, nin Imaaraati ah ayaa lagu soo oogay dacwad isaga oo lagu eedeeyay &quot;gacan qaadka&quot;. 
Sababo la xiriira kastamka maxalliga ah, bandhigga kalgacalka dadweynaha ee meelaha caamka ah qaarkood waa sharci-darro waxayna keeni kartaa in la masaafuriyo , laakiin gacmaha is-qabsiga waa loo dul-qaadanayaa.  Qurbajoogtii Dubai ayaa loo tarxiilay dhunkashada meel fagaare ah. Marar badan, maxkamadaha Imaaraadku waxay xidheen dumar soo sheegay kufsi. Sharciga federaalka ee UAE ayaa mamnuucaya in lagu dhaariyo baraha bulshada.  Qoob ka ciyaarka dhexdiisa waa sharci darro gudaha UAE.  Bishii Noofambar 2020, UAE waxay ku dhawaaqday inay mamnuucday khamriga, waxay qaadday mamnuucidda lammaanaha aan isqabin ee wada nool, waxayna soo afjartay ciqaabta naxariista leh ee dilka sharafta . Ajaanibta ku nool Imaaraadka ayaa loo ogolaaday inay raacaan sharciga dalkooda hooyo ee ku saabsan furriinka iyo dhaxalka. 
Inkasta oo sharciyada shareecada ee xaddidaya qalabka khamaarka iyo mishiinnada UAE, waddanku wuxuu siiyay shatiga ganacsigiisa ugu horreeya ee ganacsiga Wynn Resorts kaas oo horumarinaya dalxiis qaali ah, oo ay ku jiraan 224.000 sq ft (20.800 m 2 ) qaybta casino, ee Al Marjan Island ee Ras Al Khaimah . Bishii Sebtembar 2023, Imaaraadku wuxuu aasaasay Maamulka Guud ee Ciyaaraha Ganacsiga ee Ganacsiga (GCGRA), isagoo ka dhawaajiyay qorshihiisa sharciyaynta khamaarka . GCGRA waxay qeexday qaab-dhismeed dhamaystiran oo ay ku jiraan shatiyada casinos, mashiinnada booska , iyo miisaska turubka , iyo sidoo kale bakhtiyaa-nasiibka , ciyaaraha internetka , iyo wagering isboortiga. GCGRA waxay xooga saartaa ciyaaraha masuuliyada leh, waxay u baahan tahay hawl wadeenada inay hirgaliyaan barnaamijyada ciyaaraha ee mas'uul ka ah bulshada oo ay maraan xisaab hubin labadii sanaba mar. Barnaamijyadan waxaa ka mid ah waxbarashada cayaartoyga, suuqgeyn mas'uul ka ah, tababarka shaqaalaha, iyo qorshayaasha qiimeynta si loo cabbiro waxtarkooda. Hawl wadeenada ciyaaraha waa in ay ku lahaadaan &quot;sharaf u qalma&quot; gudaha UAE, oo lagu qeexay shirkad kasta oo UAE ah oo hawlo ganacsi oo la taaban karo ku leh xukunka. GCGRA waxa kale oo ay amar ku bixisaa qalabka maaraynta ciyaartoyga, oo ay ku jiraan xadaynta deebaajiga iyo wakhtiyada qaboojinta ciyaaraha khadka tooska ah. 
Shatiga ugu horreeya ee bakhtiyaanasiibka waxaa la siiyay Game LLC, oo hoos yimaada calanka 'UAE Lottery'. Tallaabadan ayaa ka sarraysa hawl-wadeennada bakhtiyaanasiibka sida Mahzooz iyo Big Ticket, kuwaas oo aan hadda si sharci ah loo oggolayn inay bixiyaan adeegyadooda. Ciyaartoyda waxaa looga baahan yahay inay la xiriiraan hawl wadeenada ciyaaraha shatiga leh si ay uga fogaadaan ganaaxyada daran. Xeerarka ayaa sidoo kale qeexaya in hawl-wadeenadu ay awood u siiyaan ciyaartoydu inay iska xakameeyaan goobaha ciyaaraha ee khadka ah ugu yaraan 72 saacadood marka la codsado. Tani waa qayb ka mid ah hindisaha ballaadhan ee lagu xaqiijinayo ammaan iyo mas'uul ka ah jawiga ciyaaraha ganacsiga ee UAE. 
Talaabada Imaaraadku ku sharciyeynayo ciyaaraha ayaa loo arkaa inay tahay tilaabo istiraatijiyadeed oo lagu wanaajinayo dalxiiska iyo qaybteeda madadaalada, iyada oo ka faa’iidaysanaysa kaabayaashiisa jira iyo deegaan ganacsi oo saaxiibtinimo leh. Horumarkan ayaa la filayaa inuu soo jiito hawl-wadeennada ciyaaraha oo si weyn uga qayb qaata dhaqaalaha dalka. 
Wadanku ma laha sharciyo rasmi ah oo ciyaaraha rasmiga ah, sidaas darteed faahfaahinta mashruuca ee casino si buuxda looma soo bandhigin dadweynaha. Muwaadiniinta maxalliga ah looma ogola khamaarka, taas oo weli ah mamnuuc sharci iyo dhaqameed.
===Xuquuqda Aadanaha===
Laamaha ammaanka dowladda ee Imaaraadka ayaa lagu eedeeyay xadgudubyo ka dhan ah xuquuqda aadanaha oo ay ka mid yihiin dad si qasab ah loo waayay, xarig aan loo meel dayin iyo jirdil. Warbixinta sanadlaha ah ee Freedom House ee xoriyada aduunka ayaa ku dartay Imaaraatka Carabta kuwa aan xor ahayn sanad walba tan iyo 1999, sanadkii ugu horeeyay ee diiwaanada laga heli karo shabakadooda. Xorriyadda isu-ururinta sidoo kale aad baa loo yareeyey. Ururada iyo NGO-yada waxaa looga baahan yahay inay iska diiwaan geliyaan dowladda; si kastaba ha ahaatee, labaatan kooxood oo aan siyaasadda ku jirin ayaa la sheegay inay dalka ka hawlgalayeen diiwaangelin la’aan. Dhammaan ururada waa in loo gudbiyaa habraacyada faafreebka oo dhammaan daabacadaha waa in marka hore ay ansixiyaan dowladda.  Warbixin-sannadeedkeeda 2013, Amnesty International waxay dhaleecaysay rikoorka liita ee UAE ee arrimaha xuquuqda aadanaha; muujinta xaddidaadda xorriyadda hadalka iyo isu imaatinka, adeegsiga xarig aan sabab lahayn iyo jirdil, iyo adeegsiga ciqaabta dilka. 
Imaaraadku wuu ka baxsaday kacdoonkii Carabta ; iyo tan iyo 2011, ururada xuquuqul insaanka waxay ku andacoonayaan in dawladdu ay si isa soo taraysa u fulisay dad si qasab ah loo waayay .  [ baahi loo qabo ] Ururka Carabta ee Xuquuqda Aadanaha ayaa marqaatiyo ka helay eedaysaneyaal sheegtay in lagu afduubay, lagu jirdilay laguna tacaddiyeeyey xarumaha dadka lagu hayo; waxay sheegeen 16 hab oo jir dil ah oo ay ku jiraan garaacid, hanjabaad koronto iyo diidmo daryeel caafimaad. Tallaabooyin cadaadis ah, oo ay ku jiraan masaafurinta, ayaa lagu dabaqay ajaanibta iyadoo lagu saleynayo eedeymaha isku dayga lagu carqaladeynayo xasilloonida dalka. Arrinta xadgudubka galmada ee haweenka guryaha ka shaqeeya waa qayb kale oo walaac leh, gaar ahaan marka la eego in shaqaalaha gurigu aysan ku jirin sharciga shaqada ee UAE ee 1980 ama sharciga qabyada ah ee shaqada ee 2007 . 
Amnesty International ayaa sheegtay in rag u dhashay dalka Qatar ay dowladda Imaaraatka Carabta afduubatay, waxaana la sheegay inay ka qariyeen qoysaskooda xogta ku saabsan halka ay ku danbeeyeen raggaasi.  Sida laga soo xigtay ururada qaar, in ka badan 4,000 shiicada shiicada ah ayaa laga soo tarxiilay Imaaraadka; oo ay ku jiraan qoysaska Shiicada Lubnaan oo lagu eedeeyay inay u damqadeen Xisbullah . Sannadkii 2013-kii, 94 qof oo u dhaqdhaqaaqa Imaaraatka ayaa lagu hayay xabsiyo qarsoodi ah waxaana la soo taagay maxkamad iyaga oo lagu eedeeyay inay isku dayeen inay afgembiyaan dowladda;  Ehelka eedaysanaha ayaa loo xiray tweet-ka ku saabsan maxkamadeynta, waxaana lagu xukumay 10 bilood oo xabsi ah.  Waayidii ugu dambeysay ee qasabka ah waxaa ku lug leh saddex gabdhood oo walaalo ah oo ka yimid Abu Dhabi . 
Sara Jacobs waxay qabatay jilayaal shisheeye, oo ay ku jiraan UAE, mas'uul ka ah dhibaatada bini'aadantinimo ee Suudaan . Waxay muujisay aragtideeda bishii Maarso 2024 booqashadii ay ku tagtay xeryaha qaxootiga, iyadoo sheegtay in carruurta Suudaan ay la nool yihiin dhaawacyo aad u ballaaran. Wakiilka Maraykanka ayaa sidoo kale ku andacooday in si degdeg ah dagaalka loo soo afjari karo hadii la joojiyo ku lug lahaanshaha wadamada sida Imaaraatka Carabta. Jacobs waxa kale oo uu sheegay in Maraykanku uu damiir ahaan waajib ku yahay inuu qaado tillaabooyinka iyo joojinta hubka Imaaraadka, ilaa Imaaraadku joojiyo hubka uu siiyo RSF-ta. 
29-kii Maarso 2024, Suudaan waxay dacwad rasmi ah oo ka kooban 78 bog u gudbisay Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay (UNSC), iyadoo ku eedeysay Imaaraadka inay qorsheynayaan oo ay taageeraan maleeshiyada Rapid Support Forces (RSF) ee ka dhanka ah ciidamada Suudaan. Imaaraatka ayaa lagu eedeeyay in ay kaalmo ka qaadaneysay Chad , oo u shaqayn jirtay sidii marin loogu talagalay saadka milatari iyo calooshood u shaqeystayaal si ay u gaaraan RSF ee Suudaan.  Hay'adaha xuquuqul insaanka ayaa tilmaamay in colaada Sudan ay ka mid tahay &quot;dhibaatada bini'aadantinimo ee ugu xun aduunka&quot;, halka wadamada shisheeye sida UAE ay sii wadeen inay hub iyo qalab siiyaan dhinacyada is haya.  Wararka ayaa sidoo kale daaha ka qaaday in Imaaraatka Carabta ay sheegteen in ay qaadeen olole bini'aadantinimo oo gargaar loogu fidinayo dadka Suudaan. Dhab ahaantii, waxa ay balaadhinaysay hawl-gal qarsoodi ah oo hub, lacag iyo xataa diyaaradaha aan duuliyaha lahayn ee aan duuliyaha lahayn ee aan duuliyaha lahayn ee xoogga leh u gudbinaysay maleeshiyada Suudaan. Saraakiishu waxay sheegeen in Imaaraadku doorkii ugu saamaynta badnaa ka ciyaarayay sidii uu u hurin lahaa xiisadda, iyagoo dhinaca kale ballan qaaday inay fududayn doonaan.  Bishii Oktoobar 2024, Suudaan waxay warqad labaad oo rasmi ah u qortay UNSC, iyadoo ugu baaqday inay tallaabo adag ka qaado gardarrada joogtada ah ee Imaaraadku ku hayo Suudaan. Wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda Suudaan ayaa sidoo kale sheegtay in Imaaraadku aanu ahayn taageere dadban oo kaliya ee RSF, balse uu yahay &quot;ciyaaryahan safka hore ah oo xun oo dagaalka gardarada ah&quot; ka dhanka ah Suudaan.
Bishii Disembar 2024, ECDHR waxay iftiimisay arrimaha xuquuqul insaanka ee UAE iyo maqnaanshaha madax-bannaanida garsoorka, inta badan waxay diiradda saaraysaa maxkamadaynta caddaalad-darrada ah ee u horseedaysa eedaysanayaasha inay wajahaan xaalado xadhig ah. Dacwadaha noocan oo kale ah ayaa inta badan loo qabtaa si qarsoodi ah oo qareennada eedaysanayaasha waa la dayacay inay helaan galka dacwadaha iyo waraaqaha maxkamadda. Sharciga Imaaraatka Carabta ee 2014-ka ee ka hortagga argagixisanimada waxaa loo adeegsadaa in lagu dhaqan geliyo mamnuucista safarka, xabsi daa’im iyo xitaa dil toogasho ah dadka naqdiya nidaamka iyo kuwa maamula urur. ECDHR ayaa sheegtay in sharciga Imaaraatka Carabta u degsan la dagaalanka argigixisada uu yahay mid lagu caburinayo xoriyatul qawlka waxayna ku baaqday in dowlada imaaraadku ay wax ka badasho. Isagoo tilmaamay in nidaamka garsoorka dalka uu u baahan yahay hufnaan iyo madax-bannaani dheeraad ah, hay’adda xuquuqul insaanka ayaa sheegtay in loo baahan yahay in la sameeyo guddi madax-bannaan oo dib u eegis ku sameeya dhammaan eedeymaha la xiriira jirdilka, xarigga qarsoodiga ah, iyo maxkamadeynnada caddaalad-darrada ah. 
Bishii Janaayo 2025, Human Rights Watch (HRW) ayaa daabacday warbixin muujineysa xadgudubyada ka dhanka ah xuquuqul insaanka ee Imaaraadku geystay 2024-kii, iyadoo inta badan diiradda saareysa maxkamadeynta baahsan ee aan cadaaladda ahayn. Waxay tilmaamtay kiiska ku lug leh xad-gudubyo badan oo muhiim ah, halkaas oo 44 qof oo ka mid ahaa &quot;UAE94&quot; si xaqdarro ah loogu xukumay laguna xukumay eedo la xiriira argagixisanimo. HRW waxay dhaleecaysay adeegsiga Imaaraatka Carabta Xeerka Ciqaabta Federaalka iyo Xeerka Dembiyada Internetka si ay u aamusiyaan dhaleecaynta dawladda, saxafiyiinta, mucaaradka iyo dadka u dhaqdhaqaaqa, iyadoo la xaddiday xorriyaddooda hadalka. Bishii Luulyo 2024, mas'uuliyiinta Imaaraatka ayaa 57 Bangladeshi u dhashay ku xukumay xabsi daa'in, sababo la xiriira mudaaharaadyo ka dhacay Imaaraadka oo looga soo horjeedo dowladdooda. Warbixintu waxa ay ku eedaysay Imaaraatka in ay caddeeyeen muuqaalkeeda iyada oo martigelinaysa dhacdooyin waaweyn oo caalami ah sida COP28, kuwaas oo la kulmay dhaleecayn ku saabsan ka qayb qaadashada joogtada ah ee wax soo saarka shidaalka iyo xadgudubyada xuquuqda aadanaha. Waxay kaloo walaac ka muujisay doorka Imaaraadku ku leeyahay hubaynta iyo taageerada RSF ee colaadda Suudaan, iyadoo dhanka kale jabinaysa cunaqabataynta hubka ee Qaramada Midoobay. HRW waxay ku boorisay UNSC inay cusboonaysiiyaan oo ay xoojiyaan cunaqabataynta Suudaan ee 1591, iyo inay cunaqabatayn ku soo rogaan kuwa ku xadgudba, oo ay ku jiraan kuwa Imaaraadka.
===Shaqaale muhaajiriin ah===
[[File:Burj Dubai Construction Workers on 25 January 2008 Pict 2.jpg|thumb |Laba shaqaale buluug ah oo u dhashay Koonfur Aasiya oo sawir la galay Burj Khalifa oo gadaal ka taagan]]
Shaqaalaha soo galootiga ah ee ku sugan Imaaraadka looma ogola inay ku biiraan ururada shaqaalaha ama shaqo joojin sameeyaan. Kuwa shaqo joojinta sameeya waxay halis gelin karaan xabsiga iyo masaafurinta, sida lagu arkay 2014 markii daraasiin shaqaale ah loo tarxiilay shaqo joojin.  Isutagga Ururka Shaqaalaha Caalamiga ah ayaa ugu baaqay Qaramada Midoobay inay baarto caddaymaha sheegaya in kumanaan ka mid ah shaqaalaha muhaajiriinta ah ee Imaaraadka loola dhaqmo sidii shaqo addoonnimo. 
2019, baaritaan uu sameeyay The Guardian ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in kumanaan ka mid ah shaqaalaha dhismaha ee soogalootiga ah ee ka shaqeeya kaabayaasha iyo mashaariicda dhismaha bandhigga Imaaraadka Carabta ee Expo 2020 ay ku shaqeynayeen jawi aan ammaan ahayn. Qaar ayaa xitaa la kulmay xaalado halis ah oo ay sabab u tahay arrimaha wadnaha iyo xididdada dhiigga. Saacado dheer oo qorraxdu ku jireen ayaa ka dhigay kuwo u nugul istaroogga kulaylka. 
Warbixin la soo saaray bishii Janaayo 2020 ayaa iftiimisay in loo shaqeeyayaasha Imaaraatka Carabta ay si xun uga faa’iidaystaan ​​shaqaalaha Hindida oo ay ku qaataan fiisaha dalxiiska , taas oo ka sahlan kana jaban warqadaha shaqada . Shaqaalahan soogalootiga ah ayaa u furan in lagu xad-gudbo shaqada , halkaas oo ay sidoo kale ka baqayaan ka-faa'iidaysiga sharci-darrada awgeed. Ka sokow, arrintu wali waa mid aan la garanayn maadaama xogta fiisaha booqashada aan lagu haynin labadaba UAE iyo Hindida socdaalka iyo diiwaannada shaqada.
2dii Maajo 2020, Qunsulka Guud ee India ee Dubai , Vipul, ayaa xaqiijiyay in in ka badan 150,000 oo Hindi ah oo ku nool Isutagga Imaaraadka Carabta ay isu diwaangaliyeen in lagu celiyo dalkoodii iyada oo loo marayo ikhtiyaarka diiwaangelinta elektaroonigga ah ee ay bixiso qunsuliyadaha Hindiya ee Imaaraadka. Marka loo eego tirooyinka, 25% codsadayaasha ayaa waayay shaqooyinkoodii halka ku dhawaad ​​15% ay ku xayiran yihiin dalka sababo la xiriira xannibaadda. Ka sokow, 50% wadarta codsadayaasha waxay ka yimaadeen gobolka Kerala , India. 9kii Oktoobar 2020, The Telegraph ayaa soo warisay in shaqaale badan oo muhaajiriin ah laga tagay, maadaama ay ku waayeen shaqooyinkooda iyada oo lagu jiro dhaqaalaha sii adkeynaya COVID-19 dartiis . 
Ururo kala duwan oo xuquuqul insaanka u dooda ayaa walaac xoogan ka muujiyay xadgudubka lagu eedeeyay shaqaalaha soogalootiga ah ee ay ku kacayaan qandaraaslayaasha waaweyn ee qabanqaabinaya Expo 2020. Bixiyaha xalinta ganacsiga ee UAE German Pavilion ayaa sidoo kale lagula xisaabtamayaa xadgudubka shaqaalaha muhaajiriinta ah.
===Siyaasadda deegaanka===
Dalku waa hormuudka soo saarista saliidda iyo gaasta . Isticmaalkeeda tamarta qofkiiba waa ku dhawaad ​​370 Gigajoule . qiiqa kaarboon laba ogsaydh ee Imaaraatku qofkiiba waa mid aad u sarreeya, isagoo kaalinta lixaad ka galay dalalka caalamka. Dhawaan, waxay samaysay dadaallo ay nafteeda ku sii waari karto. Waxaa ka mid ah: 
Dejinta yoolka lagu dhimayo qiiqa GHG 31% marka la barbardhigo xaalad ganacsi marka la gaaro 2030 lana gaaro eber saafiga ah 2050.
Daah-furka barnaamij si looga dhigo 3-da qaybood ee ugu badan ee qiiqa sii daaya, 40% tamar hufan .
Daahfurka qaar ka mid ah barnaamijyada la xidhiidha dhismaha cagaaran . Dib u habeynta 30,000 oo dhismo oo keliya, waa in ay jartaa 1 milyan oo tan oo qiiq ah.
Kor u qaadida gaadiidka dadweynaha iyo qaar kale.
Sida laga soo xigtay ilo rasmi ah, gudaha Dubai, &quot;saamiga gaadiidka tirada badan ee dhaqdhaqaaqa dadku wuxuu kordhay min 6 boqolkiiba 2006 ilaa 20.61 boqolkiiba 2022.&quot;  Si wada jir ah USA wadanku wuxuu 17 bilyan oo doolar ku maalgaliyay beero waara
==Dhaqaalaha==
Isutagga Imaaraatka xirmooyinka ayaa ka soo baxay isku dhafka qabiilada Baadiyaha ilaa mid ka mid ah dowladaha ugu qanisan ilaalinta ku dhow 50 sano gudahood, iyaga oo ku faanaya mid ka mid ah GDP-ga ugu sarreeya (PPP) tirooyinka ilaalinta.  Kobaca dhaqaaluhu waxa uu ahaa mid wanagsan oo joogto ah ilaa taariikhda isbahaysigan da'da yar ee imaaradaha oo leh hakad kooban oo hoos u dhac dhaqaale ah, tusaale ahaan xiisadii dhaqaale iyo dhaqaale ee caalamka sanadihii 2008-09, iyo sano oo isku dhafan oo sano 2015 ilaa 2019. Intii u koobay 2000 iyo 2018 .  Waa dhaqaalaha labaad ee ugu weyn GCC ( ka dib ganacsiga), with a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of US$414.2 billion, and a real GDP of 392.8 billion constant 2010 USD in 2018 Tan iyo markii ay xornimada qaateen 1971, dhaqaalaha Imaaraadka waxa uu kor u kacay ku dhawaad ​​231 jeer ilaa 1.45 trillion ganacsiga  ilaa 1.2 trillion AED, kobaca ku dhawaad ​​28 jeer laga soo bilaabo 1981 ilaa 2012  Hadda, Imaaraadku wuxuu ka mid yahay waddamada ugu qanisan adduunka, iyadoo GDP qofkiiba uu ku dhawaad ​​80% ka sarreeya celceliska OECD
[[File:The view from the 43rd floor of the Four Points by Sheraton Hotel - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Dubai xarun maaliyadeed oo caalami ah]]
Sida cajiibka ah ee kobaca dhaqaale ee Imaaraadka, wadarta dadka waxay kor u kacday qiyaastii 550,000 1975 ilaa 10 milyan 2018. Kobacani wuxuu inta badan sabab u yahay qulqulka shaqaalaha ajnabiga ah ee dalka soo galaya, taas oo ka dhigaysa dadka qaranka ee laga tirada badan yahay. Imaaraadku waxa uu leeyahay nidaam u gaar ah suuqa shaqada, kaas oo deganaanshaha UAE ay ku xidhan tahay xeerarka fiisaha adag. Nidaamkani waa faa'iido weyn marka la eego xasilloonida dhaqaalaha guud, maadaama saadka shaqaaluhu uu si dhakhso ah ula qabsado baahida inta lagu jiro wareegyada ganacsiga dhaqaalaha. Tani waxay u ogolaanaysaa dawladda in shaqo la'aanta dalka ka jirta ay ku hayso heer aad u hooseeya oo ka yar 3%, sidoo kale waxay siinaysaa dawladda fursad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan siyaasadda dhaqaalaha - halkaas oo dawladaha kale ay inta badan u baahan yihiin inay sameeyaan is-dhaafsi u dhexeeya la dagaalanka shaqo la'aanta iyo la dagaalanka sicir-bararka. 
Intii u dhaxaysay 2014 iyo 2018, hoyga iyo cuntada, waxbarashada, macluumaadka iyo isgaarsiinta, farshaxanka iyo madadaalada, iyo waaxaha hantida maguurtada ah ayaa si xad dhaaf ah uga shaqeeyay dhanka kobaca, halka dhismaha, saadka, adeegyada xirfada, dadweynaha, iyo saliida iyo gaaska ay hoos u dhacday. 
Dhanka tartanka, bishii Juun 2024 ayaa la sheegay in Imaaraadku uu kor u kacay saddex meelood oo uu galay kaalinta 7aad ee 10ka waddan ee ugu sarreeya tartanka IMD World. Qiimeyntan waxaa soo saaray Xarunta Tartanka Adduunka ee Machadka Horumarinta Maareynta (IMD) ee Switzerland
===Dalxiiska===
[[File:Palm Island Resort.jpg|thumb |Palm Jumeirah ee Dubai]]
[[File:DubaiMallAquariumDSC 7260.JPG|thumb |Dubia Mall]]
Dalxiiska wuxuu u shaqeeyaa sidii waax kobac ah oo loogu talagalay dhammaan dhaqaalaha UAE. Dubai waa meesha ugu sareysa ee loo dalxiis tago ee Bariga Dhexe. [ 193 ] Marka loo eego sanadlaha MasterCard Global Destination Cities Index, Dubai waa meesha shanaad ee dalxiiska ugu caansan adduunka.  Dubai waxay haysataa ilaa 66% dhaqaalaha dalxiiska Imaaraadka Carabta, iyadoo Abu Dhabi ay leedahay 16% iyo Sharjah 10%. Dubai waxay soo dhawaysay 10 milyan oo dalxiisayaal ah 2013kii.
Imaaraadku wuxuu leeyahay kaabayaashii dhaqaale ee ugu horumarsanaa uguna horumarsanaa gobolka.  Ilaa 1980-meeyadii, Imaaraadku waxa uu balaayiin doollar ku bixinayey kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha. Horumarradan ayaa si gaar ah uga muuqda imaaradaha waaweyn ee Abu Dhabi iyo Dubai. Imaarada waqooyi ayaa si degdeg ah u raacaya qaabkaas, iyaga oo siinaya dhiirigelin weyn horumarinta guryaha iyo guryaha ganacsiga. 
Kharashka dalxiiska ee soo gelaya UAE ee 2019 ayaa ahaa 118.6 boqolkiiba kharashka dalxiiska ee dibadda ka baxa.  Laga bilaabo 6 Janaayo 2020, fiisooyinka dalxiiska ee Imaaraadka Carabta waxay shaqeynayaan shan sano.  Waxaa la saadaaliyay in socdaalka iyo warshadaha dalxiisku ay ku biirin doonaan ilaa 280.6 bilyan dirham Imaaraadka Carabta Imaaraadka Carabta marka la gaaro 2028. 
Dalxiiska ugu weyn ee dalka waxaa ka mid ah Burj Khalifa caanka ah ee Dubai , munaaradda ugu dheer adduunka;  Jasiiradaha Adduunka iyo Palm Jumeirah sidoo kale Dubai; Masjidka weyn ee Sheikh Zayed iyo Yas Marina Circuit ee Abu Dhabi ; Buuraha Al Xajar ee Fujairah . Gaarka ah ee nolosha saxaraha dabiiciga ah ee dalka, gaar ahaan kuwa reer Baadiyaha ah , ayaa sidoo kale fududeynaya warshadaha dalxiiska ee dalka. 
Imaaraadku wuxuu kala duwanayn doonaa qaybtiisa dalxiiska iyadoo la bilaabayo khamaarka casino . Wynn Al Marjan Island ee Ras Al Khaimah ayaa ka muuqan doona casino ugu horeysay ee dalka iyo sidoo kale waxay noqon doontaa dalka ugu horeysay ee dalxiiska isku dhafan marka la furo 2027. 
Abu Dhabi ayaa lagu wadaa inay noqoto guriga Disneyland Abu Dhabi , beerta mawduuca Disney ee ugu horeysa ee Bariga Dhexe
===Gaadiidka===
Gegida caalamiga ah ee Dubai ayaa noqday gagida diyaaradaha ugu mashquulka badan aduunka ee ay raacaan taraafikada rakaabka caalamiga ah sanadkii 2014, isagoo dhaafay London Heathrow . Gegida caalamiga ah ee Abu Dhabi waa madaarka labaad ee ugu weyn UAE. Sababo la xiriira balaarinta lagu dhawaaqay ee garoonka Al Maktoum 28ka Abriil 2024, Gegida Caalamiga ah ee Dubia waa la xirayaa marka la dhammeeyo balaadhinta garoonka Al Maktoum.
[[File:Dubai Roads on 8 May 2008 Pict 2.jpg|thumb |E 311 , waddo weyn oo ku taal Imaaraadka]]
Abu Dhabi , Dubai , Sharjah , Ajman , Umm Al Quwain , iyo Ras Al Khaimah waxaa isku xidha jidka wayn ee E11 , kaas oo ah wadada ugu dheer dalka imaaraadka carabta. Dubai gudaheeda, marka lagu daro Metro Dubai , Tram Dubai iyo Palm Jumeirah Monorail waxay sidoo kale isku xiraan qaybo gaar ah oo magaalada ah. Waxa kale oo jira bas, tagsi, abra (doonta dhaqameed), iyo shabakad taxi-biyood oo ay maamusho RTA. T1 , nidaamka taraamka laba-dabaq ee ku yaal Downtown Dubai , waxay shaqeynayeen 2015 ilaa 2019.
Salik, oo macneheedu yahay &quot;furan&quot; ama &quot;cad&quot;, waa nidaamka aruurinta lacagaha elektaroonigga ah ee Dubai oo la bilaabay bishii Luulyo 2007 waana qayb ka mid ah nidaamka maareynta ciriiriga gaadiidka ee Dubai. Mar kasta oo mid ka mid ah uu soo maro barta lacag bixinta ee Salik, lacagta ayaa laga jarayaa koontada taleefoonka ee darawalada iyadoo la isticmaalayo tignoolajiyada horumarsan ee Soo noqnoqoshada Raadiyaha (RFID). Waxaa jira afar dhibcood oo Salik ah oo la dhigo goobaha istiraatiijiga ah ee Dubai: buundada Al Maktoum , buundada Al Garhoud , iyo hareeraha wadada Sheikh Zayed ee Al Safa iyo Al Barsha 
[[File:5018 Dubai Metro in Dubai UAE.png|thumb|Tareenka metro ee Dubai . Dubai Metro waa nidaamkii ugu horreeyay ee deg deg ah ee Jasiiradda Carabta waxayna ahayd shabakadda metro darawal la'aanta ugu dheer adduunka ilaa 2016.]]
1,200 km (750 mi) oo tareen dalka oo dhan ah ayaa dhismihiisa lagu wadaa kaas oo isku xiri doona dhamaan magaalooyinka waaweyn iyo dekedaha.  Dubia Metro waa shabkada tareenada magaalo ee ugu horeyay ee Jasiirada Carabta . 
Dekadaha ugu waaweyn ee Imaaraadka Carabta waxaa ka mid ah Dekedda Khaliifa , Dekedda Zayed , Dekedda Jebel Cali , Dekedda Rashiid , Dekedda Khaalid , Dekedda Siciid , iyo Dekedda Khor Fakkan.  Imaaraadku waxay sii kordhayaan horumarinta saadka iyo dekedahooda si ay uga qayb qaataan ganacsiga u dhexeeya Yurub iyo Shiinaha ama Afrika. Ujeedadaas awgeed, dekedaha si degdeg ah ayaa loo balaadhinayaa, waxaana lagu samaynayaa maalgashi xagga farsamada ah.
Imaaraadku taariikh ahaan waa qayb ka mid ah Jidka Xariirta Badda ee ka baxa xeebta Shiinaha ilaa koonfurta iyadoo la sii marayo cirifka koonfureed ee Hindiya ilaa Mombasa , halkaas oo la sii maro Badda Cas ee Suez Canal ilaa Mediterranean-ka, halkaas ilaa gobolka Sare ee Adriatic iyo xuddunta waqooyiga Talyaaniga ee Trieste oo leh isku xirka tareenka ee Bartamaha Yurub , Bariga Yurub, iyo Waqooyiga Badda .
===Isgaarsiinta===
Imaaraadka waxaa ka shaqeeya laba shirkadood oo isgaarsiineed , Etisalat iyo Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company (&quot;du&quot;).  Etisalat waxa ay ku shaqaynaysay monopoly ilaa du ay bilawday shaqada mobilada bishii February 2007. Macaamiisha Internetka waxa la eryay in ay korodho 0.904 milyan 2007 ilaa 2.66 milyan sanadka 2012 . 
Adeegyada wireless-ka ee 5G ayaa lagu rakibay dalka oo dhan sanadka 2019 iyadoo lala kaashanayo Huawei .
===VAT===
Dawladda Imaaraadku waxay dalka ka hirgalisay cashuurta qiimaha lagu kordhiyey (VAT) laga bilaabo 1-da January 2018, iyada oo ku kacaysa halbeeg dhan 5%. [ 259 ] Iyadoo ay dawladdu wali hagaajin karto habaynta saxda ah ee VAT, uma badna in wax cashuuro cusub ah la soo saari doono mustaqbalka la filayo. Canshuuraha dheeraadka ah ayaa burburin doona mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee Imaaraadku ku soo jiito ganacsiyada dalka ka jira, waxayna culeys weyn saaraysaa dhaqaalaha.
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
[[File:Dubai banner 2.jpg|thumb|Skyline of Dubai , magaalada ugu weyn ee Imaaraadka Carabta]]
Marka loo eego qiyaas uu sameeyay Baanka Adduunka , tirada dadka UAE ee 2020 waxay ahayd 9,890,400. Soo galootigu waxay ahaayeen 88.52% halka Imaaraadku ka dhigay inta soo hadhay 11.48%.  Isku dheelitir la'aantan gaarka ah waxaa sabab u ah heerka socdaalka saafiga ah ee sida gaarka ah u sarreeya ee dalka oo ah 21.71, kan ugu sarreeya adduunka .  Dhalashada UAE aad bay u adag tahay in la helo aan ka ahayn fayl-garayn oo keliya oo lagu bixiyo xaalado gaar ah.
[[File:Palm jumeirah core.jpg|thumb |Guryaha la deggan yahay ee Palm Jumeirah ee timirta ee Dubai]]
Imaaraadku isir ahaan wuu kala duwan yahay. Shanta jinsiyadood ee ugu dadka badan imaaradaha Dubai, Sharjah, iyo Ajman waa Hindi (25%), Pakistani (12%), Emirati (9%), Bangladeshi (7%), iyo Filibiin (5%).  Muhaajiriinta ka yimid Yurub, Australia, iyo Waqooyiga Ameerika waxay ka kooban yihiin ku dhawaad ​​100,000 oo dadweynaha ah.  Inta kale ee dadwaynaha waxay ka soo jeedaan dawladaha kale ee Carabta . 
Qiyaastii 88% dadka ku nool Imaaraadka Carabta waa magaalo.  Celceliska rajada noloshu waxay ahayd 76.7 2012, oo ka sarraysa waddan kasta oo Carbeed. Marka la eego saamiga lab / dhedig ee 2.2 lab ee dheddigga kasta ee tirada guud ee dadweynaha iyo 2.75 ilaa 1 kooxda da'da 15-65 , Isku dheelitir la'aanta jinsiga UAE ayaa ah tan labaad ee ugu sareysa adduunka ka dib Qatar. 
 
===Luuqad===
Casriga casriga ah Carabi waa luqadda qaranka ee Imaaraadka Carabta. Ingiriisigu waa luqadda ugu badan ee lagu hadlo,  ka dib heshiisyada Ingiriisiga Ingiriiska .  Emirati Carabi , noocyo kala duwan oo ah Gacanka Carabiga , waxaa ku hadla afka hooyo dadka Imaaraadku. 
Islaamku waa diinta ugu weyn waana diinta rasmiga ah ee dawladda Imaaraadka Carabta. Dawladdu waxay raacdaa siyaasad u dulqaadanaysa diimaha kale oo marar dhif ah ayay faragelisaa hawlaha diineed ee dadka aan muslimka ahayn. 
Waxa jira Sunni ka badan Shiicada Muslimiinta ku nool Imaaraadka Carabta, iyo 85% dadka Imaaraadku waa Muslimiin Sunni ah. Inta badan 15% ee soo hadhay waa Muslimiin Shiico ah, kuwaas oo ku badan Imaaradaha Dubai iyo Sharjah . In kasta oo aan la hayn tirokoob rasmi ah oo ku saabsan burburka u dhexeeya Sunniga iyo Shiicada Muslimiinta ee degan dadka aan dhalashada haysan, haddana qiyaasaha warbaahintu waxay soo jeedinayaan in ka yar 20% dadka Muslimiinta ah ee aan dhalashada haysanin ay yihiin Shiico.  Masjidka weyn ee Sheikh Zayed ee Abu Dhabi waa masaajidka ugu weyn dalka waana goob dalxiis oo weyn. Cibadi waxay ku badan tahay Cumaaniyiinta Imaaraadka, halka saamaynta suufiyada ay sidoo kale jiraan. 
Masiixiyiinta ayaa 9% ka ah tirada guud ee dadka Imaaraadka Carabta, marka loo eego tirakoobkii 2005; qiyaasaha 2010 ayaa soo jeediyay tiro dhan 12.6%.  Roman Catholics iyo Protestants waxay sameeyaan qaybo muhiim ah oo ka mid ah Masiixiyiinta laga tirada badan yahay. Wadanku waxa uu leeyahay in ka badan 52 kaniisadood 2023.  Masiixiyiin badan oo ku sugan Isutagga Imaaraadka Carabta ayaa asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Aasiya, Afrikaan, iyo Yurub, oo ay la socdaan waddamada Bariga Dhexe sida Lubnaan, Suuriya, iyo Masar. Isutagga Imaaraatka Carabta waxay ka kooban tahay qayb ka mid ah Vicariate Rasuullada ee Koonfurta Carbeed iyo Basharka Rasuullada Vicar Paul Hinder wuxuu xaruntiisu tahay Abu Dhabi . 
Jaaliyad yar oo Yuhuudi ah ayaa ku nool Imaaraadka Carabta. Kahor 2023, waxaa jiray hal sunagog oo caan ah oo ku yaal Dubai , kaas oo furnaa ilaa 2008 iyo sunagogga sidoo kale soo dhaweeya booqdayaasha. Sunagog kale, Moses Ben Maimon Synagogue ayaa la dhameeyay 2023 iyada oo qayb ka ah dhismaha Guriga Qoyska Abraham ee Abu Dhabi . Laga bilaabo 2019, sida uu qabo Rabbi Marc Schneier oo ka tirsan aasaaska fahamka qowmiyadaha , waxaa lagu qiyaasaa inay jiraan ilaa 150 qoys ilaa 3,000 oo Yuhuud ah oo si xor ah ugu nool oo cibaadaysanaya gudaha UAE
Koonfurta Aasiya ee Imaaraadka Carabta ayaa ah qowmiyadda ugu badan dalka.  In ka badan 2 milyan oo muhaajiriin Hindi ah (badanaa ka yimid gobollada koonfureed ee Kerala , Andhra Pradesh , Xeebta Karnataka , iyo Tamil Nadu ) ayaa lagu qiyaasaa inay ku nool yihiin UAE. Waxaa hadda jira saddex macbadyo Hindu ah oo ku yaal waddanka. Diimaha kale ayaa sidoo kale ka jira Imaaraadka Carabta, oo ay ku jiraan Jainism , Sikhism , Budhiism , Juudism , Bahá'ís , iyo Druze . 
Wasiirka arrimaha dibadda iyo iskaashiga caalamiga ah ee Imaaraatka Carabta, Abdullah bin Zayed , ayaa sanadka 2019 ku dhawaaqay nashqadaynta iyo dhismaha guriga Abrahamic Family House , kaas oo u shaqayn doona sidii dhismo diimo ah oo ay ku yaalaan macbad , masaajid iyo kaniisad ku taal Jaziirada Sadiyat ee Abu Dhabi .
===Waxbarashada===
[[File:UniversityCityHall.jpg|thumb |Hall City Hall waa dhismaha ugu weyn ee ku yaal magaalada Jaamacadda ee Sharjah . Xafladaha qalin-jabinta ee Jaamacadda Mareykanka ee Sharjah , Jaamacadda Sharjah , iyo Kulliyadaha Tignoolajiyada Sare ayaa si gaar ah halkan loogu qabtaa.]]
Nidaamka waxbarashada ilaa heerka dugsiga sare waxaa maamula Wasaaradda Waxbarashada dhammaan imaaradaha marka laga reebo Abu Dhabi, halkaas oo ay ka hooseeyeen waxbarashada waxbarashada iyo Aqoonta .  dugsiyada sare waxay u qaybsan yihiin dugsiyo hoose , dugsi dhexe iyo dugsi sare .  Dugsiyadda dawliga ah ayaa ah kuwa ay maaddo macalliso, manhajka waxbarashada waxa loo sameeyay si uu u waafajiyo himilooyinka calaamadaha ee saldhigga.  Dhexdhexaadka waxbarashada ee dugsiga dadwaynaha waa Carabi iyadoo muuqalka la saarayo saliimka luqadaha.  Waxa kale oo jira dugsiyo badan oo gaar loo leeyahay oo si caalami ah loo aqoonsan yahay.  Dugsiyada Dawliga ah ee dalka waa u bilaash baxay, halka sababta laga qaado dugsiyada gaarka loo leeyahay ay kala duwan yihiin.
Nidaamka waxbarashada sare waxa la socda tacliinta sare.  Wasaaraddu waxay kaloo mas'uul ka tahay inay ardayda geliso machadyada buuga ee jaamacadda .   Heerka aqoonta dadka waaweyn ee 2015 waxay ahayd 93.8%. 
Imaaraadku waxa uu muujinayay uu u qaboojiyeey iyo cilmi- maqal.  Shirkadaha waxaa ka mid ah samaynta tayeynta cilmi-baarista CERT iyo waxay hoos u dhigtay Masdar ee Sayniska iyo Tign-ka tayada iyo horumarinta ganacsiga.  Marka loo eego QS Rankings, Jaamacadda ugu sareysa ee dalka waa Jaamacadda Jaamacadda (421-430th baahinta oo dhan), Jaamacadda Khalifa (441-450th baahinta oo dhan), Jaamacadda Mareykanka ee Sharjah (431-440th), iyo Jaamacadda Sharjah (551-600th fiirsashada).   Ikhtiyaarka koowaad 33aad ka galay Tusaha Hal-abuurka Caalamiga ah ee 2021, marka loo eego 36th ee 2019.
===Caafimaadka===
Cimriga nolosha ee dhalashada UAE waa 76.96 sano.  Cudurka wadnaha waa sababta ugu weyn ee dhimashada UAE, oo ka kooban 28% wadarta dhimashada; Sababaha kale ee ugu waaweyn waa shilalka iyo dhaawacyada , malignancies , iyo cilladaha ku dhasha . Marka loo eego xogta Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka ee 2016 , 34.5% dadka qaangaarka ah ee ku nool UAE waa kuwo caafimaad ahaan cayilan , oo leh index mass index (BMI) oo ah 30 ama ka badan. 
Bishii Febraayo 2008, Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ayaa soo bandhigtay istaraatiijiyad caafimaad oo shan sano ah oo loogu talagalay waaxda caafimaadka dadweynaha ee imaaradaha woqooyiga, taas oo hoos imaanaysa qorshaheeda oo, si ka duwan Abu Dhabi iyo Dubai, aan lahayn maamulo daryeel caafimaad oo gaar ah. Istaraatiijiyadu waxay diiradda saaraysaa midaynta siyaasadda daryeelka caafimaadka iyo hagaajinta helitaanka adeegyada daryeelka caafimaadka qiimo macquul ah, isla markaana yaraynaysa ku tiirsanaanta daaweynta dibadda. Wasaaraddu waxay qorsheyneysaa inay ku darto saddex isbitaal oo hadda ah 14, iyo 29 xarumaha caafimaadka aasaasiga ah ee hadda jira 86. Sagaal ayaa la qorsheeyay in la furo 2008. 
Soo bandhigida caymiska caafimaadka ee qasabka ah ee Abu Dhabi ee loogu talagalay qurba-joogta iyo kuwa ku tiirsan waxay ahayd darawal weyn oo dib-u-habeyn ku ah siyaasadda daryeelka caafimaadka. Muwaaddiniinta Abu Dhabi waxaa la keenay nidaamka laga soo bilaabo 1 Juun 2008 Dubai waxay raacday shaqaalaheeda dawladda. Ugu dambayntii, sida uu dhigayo sharciga federaalka, Imaaraad kasta iyo qurbe-joog kasta oo dalka ku nool waxa uu dabooli doonaa caymis caafimaad oo khasab ah oo hoos imanaya nidaam midaysan oo khasab ah. Dalku wuxuu ka faa'iiday dalxiisayaal caafimaad oo ka kala yimid dhammaan Golaha Iskaashiga ee Dawladaha Carabta ee Gacanka . Imaaraadku waxa uu soo jiitaa dalxiisayaasha caafimaad ee doonaya qalliinka isqurxinta iyo hababka horumarsan, qalliinka wadnaha iyo laf dhabarta, iyo daawaynta ilkaha, maadaama adeegyada caafimaad ay ka heer sarreeyaan dalalka kale ee Carabta ee Gacanka Faaris
==Dhaqanka==
[[File:UAE Folk Dance- Khaliji.jpg|thumb |Dumarku timahooda dhinac bay u rogaan oo waxay xidhaan dhar-dhaqameed midabyo dhalaalaya leh iyagoo soo bandhigaya qoob-ka-ciyaarka Imaaraatka.]]
Dhaqanka imaaraadku waxa uu ku salaysan yahay dhaqanka Carabta waxaana saamayn ku yeeshay dhaqamada Faaris , Hindiya iyo Bariga Afrika .  Qaab dhismeedka Carabta iyo Carabta waxyooday waa qayb ka mid ah muujinta aqoonsiga Imaaraatka maxalliga ah.  Saamaynta Carabtu ku leedahay dhaqanka imaaraatka waxay si muuqata uga dhex muuqanaysaa qaab dhismeedka Imaaraatka ee soo jireenka ah iyo fanka dadweynaha . Tusaale ahaan, munaaradda dabaysha ee gaarka ah oo kor u kacda dhismayaasha Imaaraatka ee dhaqanka, Barjeel , waxay noqotay calaamad lagu garto dhismaha Imaaraatka waxaana loo aaneynayaa saameynta Carabta. Saamayntan waxa ay ka timid ganacsatadii ka soo qaxday nidaamkii cashuuraha ee Faaris horraantii qarnigii 19aad iyo lahaanshaha Imaaraatka ee dekedaha ku yaal xeebta Carabta, tusaale ahaan dekedda Al Qassimi ee Lingeh. 
Isutagga Imaaraadka Carabta waxa ku nool bulsho kala duwan.  Dhaqaalaha Dubai wuxuu aad ugu tiirsan yahay ganacsiga caalamiga ah iyo dalxiiska, waana u furan yahay dadka soo booqda, halka bulshada Abu Dhabi ay aad u badan tahay gudaha maadaama dhaqaalaha magaaladu uu diiradda saarayo soo saarista shidaalka. 
Fasaxyada waaweyn ee Imaaraadka Carabta waxaa ka mid ah Ciidul Fitriga , oo ku beegan dhammaadka Ramadaan , iyo maalinta Qaranka (2 Disembar), oo ku astaysan aasaaska Imaaraadka Carabta.  Ragga Imaaraatka ah waxay door bidaan inay xidhaan kandura , khamiis cad oo dhererka anqawga ah oo laga tolo dhogorta ama suufka, dumarka Imaaraatkuna waxay xidhaan abaya , maro madow oo ka badan oo daboolaya inta badan qaybaha jidhka. 
Gabayaagii ugu horeyay ee Imaaraatka laga yaqaan waa Ibnu Majid , waxa uu dhashay intii u dhaxaysay 1432 ilaa 1437 kuna dhashay Ras Al-Khaymah. Qoraaga Imaaraatka ee ugu caansan waa Mubarak Al Oqaili (1880-1954), Salem bin Ali al Owais (1887-1959), iyo Ahmed bin Sulayem (1905-1976). Saddex kale oo gabayaa ah oo Sharjah ah, oo loo yaqaan kooxda Xiirah, ayaa la arkayaa in ay si weyn u saameeyeen Apollo iyo gabayada Romantic .  Bandhiga Caalamiga ah ee Buugaagta Sharjah waa kan ugu da'da weyn uguna weyn dalka.
Liiska matxafyada Imaaraadka Carabta waxaa ku jira qaar ka mid ah sumcadda gobolka, oo ay ugu caansan tahay Sharjah oo leh Degmada Heritage oo ka kooban 17 madxaf,  oo 1998-kii ahayd Caasimadda Dhaqanka ee Dunida Carabta. Dubia, aagga Al Quoz ayaa soo jiitay tiro ka mid ah goobaha farshaxanka iyo sidoo kale matxafyada sida Matxafka Gaarka ah ee Salsali . Abu Dhabi waxay ka dhistay jaziiradda Sadiyat xaafad dhaqameed . Lix mashruuc oo waaweyn ayaa la qorsheeyay, oo ay ku jiraan Guggenheim Abu Dhabi iyo Louvre Abu Dhabi . Dubai waxa kale oo ay qorshaynaysaa in ay dhisto madxafka Kunsthal iyo degmo loogu talo galay galleries iyo fanaaniinta. 
Dhaqanka imaaraadku waa qayb ka mid ah dhaqanka Carabta bari . Liwa waa nooc ka mid ah muusiga iyo qoob ka ciyaarka lagu sameeyo gudaha, gaar ahaan bulshooyinka ay ku jiraan faraca dadka Bantu ee ka soo jeeda gobolka harooyinka waaweyn ee Afrika . Bandhiga Desert Rock Festival ee Dubai sidoo kale waa xaflad kale oo weyn oo ka kooban farshaxanada birta culus iyo dhagaxyada.  Shineemada Imaaraadka Carabta ayaa ah mid aad u yar laakiin way sii fidaysaa.
===Cunto===
[[File:Luqaimat.jpg|thumb|Qaxwaha Carabiga oo leh lugaimat , macaan imaaraad dhaqameed]]
Cunto-dhaqameedka Imaaraatku waxa ay had iyo jeer ahaan jireen bariis, kalluun, iyo hilib. Dadka Imaaraatka Carabta ayaa inta badan cuntadooda ka qaatay wadamada kale ee Galbeedka iyo Koonfurta Aasiya sida Iran, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Pakistan, iyo India. Cuntooyinka badda ayaa qarniyo badan ahaa tiir-dhexaadka cuntada Imaaraatka. Hilibka iyo bariiska ayaa ah cuntooyinka kale ee daruuriga ah, oo ay ku jiraan wan iyo hilib lo'aad oo ay door bidaan ariga iyo hilibka lo'da. Cabitaanada caanka ah waa qaxwaha iyo shaaha, kuwaas oo lagu kabi karo karoom ama saffron si ay u helaan dhadhan gaar ah. 
Cuntooyinka dhaqanka ee Emirate-ka ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah seddexda , machboos , khubisa , khameer , iyo rootiga chabab iyo kuwo kale halka lugaimat uu yahay macmacaan caan ah oo imaarati ah. 
Saamaynta dhaqanka reer galbeedka, cuntada degdega ah waxay noqotay mid aad caan u ah dhalinyarada, ilaa heer la qabtay olole lagu muujinayo khatarta cuntooyinka degdega ah ee xad-dhaafka ah. Khamriga waa la ogol yahay in lagu adeego oo kaliya makhaayadaha hoteelada iyo baararka. Dhammaan goobaha lagu caweeyo waa loo ogolyahay inay iibiyaan khamriga. Suuqyada waaweyn ee gaarka ah ayaa laga yaabaa inay iibiyaan khamriga, laakiin alaabtan waxaa lagu iibiyaa qaybo gaar ah. Sidoo kale, hilibka doofaarka, kaas oo xaaraan ah (aan loo ogolayn Muslimiinta), waxaa lagu iibiyaa qaybo kala duwan dhammaan dukaamada waaweyn ee waaweyn. Inkasta oo khamriga la cabbo, waa sharci-darro in lagu sakhraamo meel fagaare ah ama lagu kaxeeyo baabuur leh raad khamri ah oo dhiigga ku jira
===Ciyaaraha===
[[File:Yas Marina Circuit, October 12, 2018 SkySat (cropped).jpg|thumb |Yas Marina Circuit ee Abu Dhabi]]
Formula One ayaa si gaar ah caan uga ah Imaaraadka Carabta, waxaana sanad walba tartanka Grand Prix lagu qabtaa wareegga Yas Marina ee Yas Island ee Abu Dhabi. Tartanku waxa uu dhacaa fiidkii,waxana uu ahaa Grand Prix-gii ugu horeeyay ee bilaaba maalinta oo dhammi habeenka.  Ciyaaraha kale ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah tartanka geela , falconry , fuulista dulqaadka , iyo tennis-ka .  Imaarada Dubai waxay sidoo kale hoy u tahay laba koorso oo Golf ah oo waaweyn : Dubai Golf Club iyo Emirates Golf Club .
Marka laga reebo dhinaca wakhtiga firaaqada, ciyaaruhu waxa ay qayb muhiim ah ka qaadan karaan qaabaynta aqoonsiga qaranka. Falconry, tusaale ahaan, waxay u shaqaynaysay sidii astaan ​​qaran tan iyo markii la aasaasay 1971.  Marka laga reebo baahsanaanta qaranka ee falconry, Imaaraadku wuxuu door laxaad leh ka qaatay caalami ahaan isku dubaridka aqoonsiga UNESCO ee aqoonsiga falconry inuu yahay dhaxal aan la taaban karin . 
Waagii hore waxa la isticmaali jiray ciyaalka geela, taas oo keentay dhaleecayn baahsan. Ugu dambeyntii, Imaaraadku wuxuu soo saaray sharci mamnuucaya isticmaalka carruurta ee ciyaaraha, taasoo keentay in si degdeg ah meesha looga saaro ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan jockey-yada carruurta. Dhowaan robot jockeys ayaa la soo bandhigay si looga gudbo dhibaatada jookooyinka geela ee carruurta taasoo ahayd arrin ku saabsan xadgudubyada xuquuqda aadanaha. Ansar Burney ayaa inta badan lagu amaanaa shaqada uu ka qabtay deegaankan
===Kubadda Cagta===
[[File:Abu Dhabi Zayed Sports City Stadium 1.jpg|thumb |Zayed Sports City Stadium ee Abu Dhabi]]
Kubadda cagta waa ciyaar caan ka ah Imaaraadka. Al Nasr , Al Ain , Al Wasl , Sharjah , Al Wahda , iyo Shabab Al Ahli waa kooxaha ugu caansan oo ku raaxaysanaya sumcadda horyaalada gobolka. Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Isutagga Imaaraadka Carabta ayaa la aas aasay 1971-kii tan iyo xilligaas waxa uu waqti iyo dadaalba u huray sidii uu ciyaarta u horumarin lahaa, una abaabuli lahaa barnaamijyada dhalinyarada , iyo in kor loo qaado awoodda ciyaartoydiisa oo keliya, balse sidoo kale mas’uuliyiinta iyo macallimiinta ku lugta leh xulalka gobollada. Imaaraadku wuxuu u soo baxay Koobka Adduunka ee FIFA 1990 , isagoo la socday Masar . Waa markii saddexaad ee isku xigta ee Koobka Adduunka oo ay ka soo baxaan laba waddan oo Carab ah, ka dib Kuwait iyo Algeria 1982 , iyo Ciraaq iyo Algeria mar kale 1986 . Imaaraadku waxa uu ku guuleystey Koobka Gacanka laba jeer: Koobkii ugu horreeyey ee uu qaado January 2007 oo lagu qabtay Abu Dhabi iyo kii labaad ee January 2013, oo lagu qabtay Bahrain .  wadanku waxa uu marti galiyay koobka AFC Asia 2019 . Xulka Imaaraatka Carabta ayaa u soo gudbay semi-finalka,halkaas oo ay kaga adkaadeen xulka Qatar 
===Cricket===
[[File:Sheikh Zayed Cricket Stadium-01.jpg|thumb |Sheikh Zayed Cricket Stadium ee Abu Dhabi]]
Cricket-ku waa mid ka mid ah ciyaaraha ugu caansan Imaaraadka Carabta, sababta oo ah waxaa sabab u ah dadka ka soo qaxay dalalka SAARC , Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, iyo Australia. Xarunta Dhexe ee Golaha Cricket-ka Caalamiga ah (ICC) waxay ku taallaa dhismaha magaalada Dubai ee isboortiga tan iyo 2005, oo ay ku jiraan ICC Academy oo la aasaasay 2009. [ 360 ] Waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah goobaha cricket-ka caalamiga ah ee UAE, kuwaas oo inta badan loo isticmaalo tartamada caalamiga ah iyo &quot;dhexdhexaad&quot; taxane laba geesood ah oo ay ugu wacan tahay cimilada deegaanka iyo heerka Dubai ee xarun gaadiidka. Tartamada caalamiga ah ee xusida mudan ee ay marti galisay Imaaraadku waxa ka mid ahaa 2014 ka 19 Cricket World Cup , 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup , iyo saddex koob oo Asia Cup ah (1984, 1995, iyo 2018). Garoomada xusida mudan waxaa ka mid ah Garoonka Ururka Cricket-ka Sharjah ee Sharjah ,  Sheikh Zayed Cricket Stadium ee Abu Dhabi , iyo Dubia International Cricket Stadium ee Dubai. 
The Emirates Cricket Board (ECB) waxay xubin ka noqotay ICC ee 1990. Kooxda qaranka ee cricket-ka UAE ayaa u soo baxay Koobka Adduunka ee Cricket laba jeer ( 1996 iyo 2015 )  iyo ICC Men's T20 World Cup laba jeer ( 2014 iyo 2022 ). Kooxda haweenka qaranka si la mid ah waa mid ka mid ah kooxaha isku dhafka ah ee ugu xoogan Aasiya, gaar ahaan ka qayb qaadashada Isreebreebka Haweenka Adduunka 2018 ee ICC .
Ka dib weerarkii 2009 ee lagu qaaday kooxda Cricket-ka qaranka Sri Lanka , Imaaraadku waxa ay u adeegeen sidii guriga dhabta ah ee kooxda cricket-ka qaranka Pakistan muddo ku dhow toban sano, iyo sidoo kale martigelinta Pakistan Super League .  Imaaraadku waxa kale oo uu marti galiyay hal daabacaad oo buuxa ee Horyaalka Hindiya (IPL) ee 2020 iyo laba qaybood oo qayb ka mid ah Horyaalka Hindiya (IPL) ee 2014 iyo 2021.

=Sidoo kale fiiri=
* [[Oman]]
* [[Somaliland]]
* [[Egypt]]
* [[Turkey]]
[http://people.exeter.ac.uk/nsaa201/UAE%20Federal%20Boundaries.pdf &quot;Xuduudaha Federaalka ee Imaaraadka Carabta&quot;]

[https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/data/browser/#/?pa=00000000000000000000000000000000002&amp;c=vvvvuvo&amp;ct=0&amp;tl_id=5-A&amp;vs=INTL.57-1-AFG-TBPD.A&amp;vo=0&amp;v=H&amp;start=2014&amp;end=2016 &quot;Soosaarista Saliid Ceyriin oo ay ku jirto Condensate Lease 2016&quot;]

[http://countrystudies.us/persian-gulf-states/84.htm Isutagga Imaaraadka Carabta – Dhaqaalaha]

[http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/government/historic-uae-oman-accord-involves-272km-of-border-1.119592 &quot;Heshiiska taariikhiga ah ee Imaaraadka iyo Cumaan wuxuu ku lug leeyahay 272 km oo xuduud ah]

[http://www.thenational.ae/news/uae-news/sun-sets-on-british-empire-as-uae-raises-its-flag#page5 &quot;Qorraxdu waxay ku dhacday Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyadoo Imaaraadku calankiisa kor u qaaday&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20150704222708/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tonb &quot; Jasiiradaha Tonb (Greater iyo Ka yar), laba jasiiradood oo yaryar oo muhiimad istiraatiiji ah oo lagu doodi karo oo ku yaal Gacanka Persian bari, koonfurta cidhifka galbeed ee jasiiradda Qešm&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20111119060814/http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-TrucialOmanorTrucialStats.html &quot;Oman ama Dawlado Xaqiiq ah - Asalka Cumaan Xaqiiqda ah ama Dawladaha Xaqiiqda ah | Encyclopedia.com: Qaamuuska Oxford ee Magacyada Goobaha Adduunka&quot;]

[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-53770859 &quot;Israa'iil iyo Imaaraadku waxay galeen heshiis taariikhi ah si loo caadiyeeyo xiriirka&quot;]

[http://www.uaeprison.com/uae_disputes.htm &quot;Khilaafaadka Imaaraatka Carabta, Khilaafaadka Imaaraatka Caalamiga ah, Khilaafka Imaaraatka Carabta, Khilaafka Imaaraatka Carabta, Khilaafka Imaaraatka Carabta, Sheegashada Saddex Jaziiradood, Jaziirada Abu Muusa, Tumba Weyn &amp; Tumbo Yar, Taariikhda Jasiiradaha, Khayraadka Shaqaalaha UAE, Imaaraadka Carabta&quot;]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=Le0Ryxzh7cQC&amp;q=musandam Sharaftu waxay ku jirtaa Qanacsanaan: Nolosha Kahor Saliidda ee Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) iyo Gobollada deriska ah qaarkood]

[https://responsiblestatecraft.org/2020/01/24/why-the-relationship-between-russia-and-the-united-arab-emirates-is-strengthening/ &quot;Waa maxay sababta uu u xoojinayo xiriirka Ruushka iyo Imaaraadka Carabta&quot;]

[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/nov/07/united-arab-emirates-to-relax-islamic-laws-on-personal-freedoms &quot;Imaaraatka Carabta waxay dhaleeceeyeen khamriga, waxayna meesha ka saartay mamnuucidda lammaanaha aan isqabin inay wada noolaadaan&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20141225122354/http://www.amnestyusa.org/sites/default/files/uaa25614.pdf &quot;Tallaabada Degdega ah: Waajibkii La Dhaqan Galiyay ee Muwaadiniinta Qatar&quot;]

[https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/pakistan-not-to-play-home-matches-in-uae-anymore-pcb-ceo/story-tYo1UuA3czorquuVluZzxL.html &quot;Pakistan yaanay ku ciyaarin guriga UAE mar dambe: Maamulaha PCB&quot;]

[https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/ipl-2020-to-be-held-in-uae-from-september-19-to-november-10/story-GeHbVaf1f4zv07p3V8RGwO.html &quot;IPL 2020 oo la qabanayo laga bilaabo Sebtembar 19 ilaa Noofambar 10&quot;]

[https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/heritage/first-images-of-abu-dhabi-s-abrahamic-family-house-under-construction-released-1.1241661 &quot;Sawirradii ugu horreysay ee Guriga Qoyska Ibraahim ee Abu Dhabi oo la dhisayo ayaa la sii daayay&quot;]

[https://www.mk.co.kr/en/world/10979447 &lt;nowiki&gt;&quot;[Pilot Johan's Arab Nights-18] Luuqadda Imaaraadka Carabta (UAE) waa Carabi, sida na.. - MK&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;]

[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/transport/11372616/Dubai-overtakes-Heathrow-to-become-worlds-busiest-airport.html &quot;Dubai waxay dhaaftay Heathrow si ay u noqoto kan aduunka ugu mashquulka badan&quot;]

=Tixraac=
{{reflist}}

{{Dalalka Aasiya}}
[[Category:Dalalka carabta]]
{{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}}
{{Western Asia}}
[[Category:Aasiya]]
[[Category:Wadamada Aasiya]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seyshelles</title>
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      <text bytes="28180" sha1="6qdfq7x4peg2pv4go77sfiw3y2jnf21" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Sishalis
| common_name            = Sishalis
| native_name            = {{small|{{name in various languages
 | name = {{nobold|''(luuqadaha kale ee rasmiga ah)''}}
 | fr = {{lang|fr|République des Seychelles}} 
 | crs = {{lang|crs|Repiblik Sesel}}
}}}}
| image_flag             = Flag of Seychelles.svg
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of Seychelles.svg
| symbol_type            = Coat of arms
| national_motto         = {{native phrase|la|Finis Coronat Opus|italics=off}}&lt;br /&gt;&quot;Dhamaadku Waxuu Guleeyaa Shaqada&quot;
| national_anthem        = [[Koste Seselwa]] (Kreole-ka Sishalis)&lt;br/&gt;&quot;Midowga Sishalis&quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.5em;&quot; class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;[[File:Koste_Seselwa_(instrumental).ogg]]&lt;/div&gt;
| image_map              = Location Seychelles AU Africa.svg
| map_caption            = {{map caption |countryprefix= |location_color=dark blue |region=Africa |region_color=dark grey |subregion=the [[African Union]] |subregion_color=light blue}}
| capital                = [[Victoria, Seychelles|Fiktooriya]]
| coordinates            = {{Coord|4|37|S|55|27|E|type:city}}
| largest_city           = caasimadda
| languages_type         = Luuqadaha rasmiga ah
| languages              = {{unbulleted list |[[Seychellois Creole|Kreole]] |[[English language|Ingiriisi]] |[[French language|Faransiis]]}}&lt;ref&gt; https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Seychelles_2017 - Dastuurka Sishalis - “Luuqadaha Qaranka ee Sishalis waa Kreole, Ingiriisi iyo Faransiis”&lt;/ref&gt;
| languages2_type        = Luuqadaha laga tirada badan yahay
| languages2             = {{unbulleted list |[[Tamil language|Tamiil]]}}
| ethnic_groups          = 97% [[Seychellois Creole people|Kreole-ka Sishalis]]{{efn|Waa qowmiyadda asalka ah ee ugu badan dalka; dadka kreole-ka ah waxay asal ahaan isugu jiraan qowmiyado ka yimid dhul-weynaha [[East Africa|Afrikaanka Bari]] iyo dadka [[Malagasy peoples|Malagasi]]. Waxay ka dhumaan aqlabiyadda ballaaran ee dadka dalka deggan.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIAPop&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=SeychellesThe World Factbook | website=- | date=2023-07-12 | url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/seychelles/#people-and-society | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723184004/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/seychelles/#people-and-society | url-status=dead | archive-date=23 July 2023 | access-date=2023-07-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;br&gt; 3% kuwa kale{{efn|Qowmiyadaha laga tirada badan yahay ee aan u dhalan Sishalis waxaa ka mid ah kooxihii yaryaraa ee ka koobnaa [[French people|Faransiis]], [[Indian people|Hindi]], [[Chinese people|Shiinees]], iyo [[Arabs|Carab]].&lt;ref name=&quot;CIAPop&quot;/&gt;}}
| ethnic_groups_year     = 
| religion               = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap;
  |74.9% [[Christianity|Masiixi]]
  |5.4% [[Hinduism in Seychelles|Hindoos]]
  |2.4% [[Islam in Seychelles|Islaam]]
  |5.1% kale
  |12.2% aan la sheegin
  }}
| religion_year          = 2022
| religion_ref           = &lt;ref name=2022Census/&gt;
| demonym                = {{unbulleted list |Sishaliis |Sishaliise |Seselwa {{small|(Kreole)}}}}
| government_type        = Jamhuuriyad [[presidential system|madaxweyne ah]] oo midaysan
| leader_title1          = [[President of Seychelles|Madaxweynaha]]
| leader_name1           = [[Patrick Herminie]]
| leader_title2          = [[Vice-President of Seychelles|Madaxweyne ku-xigeenka]]
| leader_name2           = [[Sebastien Pillay]]
| leader_title3          = Gudoomiyaha Golaha Qaranka
| leader_name3           = [[Azarel Ernesta]]
| legislature            = [[National Assembly (Seychelles)|Golaha Qaranka]]
| sovereignty_type       = Madaxbannaani
| sovereignty_note       = ka timid [[United Kingdom|Boqortooyada Midowday]]
| established_event1     = Ku dhawaaqistii Madaxbannaanida
| established_date1      = 29 Juun 1976
| area_km2               = 457
| area_rank              = 181aad &lt;!-- Should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --&gt;
| area_sq_mi             = 177
| percent_water          = Aad u yar
| population_estimate    = 121,355&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-08-31 |title=MID-YEAR 2024 ESTIMATED RESIDENT POPULATION (ERP) |url=http://www.nbs.gov.sc/downloads/1620-mid-2024-estimated-resident-population/download |website=National Bureau of Statistics}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2024
| population_estimate_rank = 200aad
| population_census_year = 2022
| population_density_km2 = 262.3
| population_density_sq_mi = 
| population_density_rank = 67aad
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $4.490 bilyan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2025: Edition (Seychelles) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo/issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] October, 14 2025 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2026
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 177aad
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $43,850&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2025: Edition (Seychelles) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo/issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] October, 14 2025 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 49aad
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase}} $2.250 bilyan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2025: Edition (Seychelles) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo/issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] October, 14 2025 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2026
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 186aad
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $21,940&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2025: Edition (Seychelles) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo/issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] October, 14 2025 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 50aad
| Gini                   = 32.1
| Gini_year              = 2019
| Gini_change            = &lt;!-- Increase/decrease/steady --&gt;
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref name=gini-index&gt;{{cite web|title=GINI index|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=SC&amp;order=wbapi_data_value_2007+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-last&amp;page=1&amp;sort=asc|publisher=World Bank|access-date=20 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180121072813/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=SC&amp;order=wbapi_data_value_2007+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-last&amp;page=1&amp;sort=asc|archive-date=21 January 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank              = 
| HDI                    = 0.848&lt;!-- Number only --&gt;
| HDI_year               = 2023&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year --&gt;
| HDI_change             = kordhay&lt;!-- Increase/decrease/steady --&gt;
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref name=&quot;UNHDR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 May 2025 |title=Human Development Report 2025 |url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506051232/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf |archive-date=6 May 2025 |access-date=6 May 2025 |publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 54aad
| currency               = [[Seychellois rupee|Rubiga Sishalis]]
| currency_code          = SCR
| time_zone              = [[Seychelles Time|SCT]]
| utc_offset             = +04:00
| drives_on              = bidix
| calling_code           = [[+248]]
| cctld                  = [[.sc]]
| today                  = 
}}

'''Sishalis'''{{efn|Loo tixgeliyo kalgacal ama wadajir. Joogitaanka qodobka qeexan (&quot;the Seychelles&quot;) isna wuu kala duwan yahay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Motschenbacher |first1=Heiko |title=Greece, the Netherlands and (the) Ukraine: A Corpus-Based Study of Definite Article Use with Country Names |journal=Names |date=2 January 2020 |volume=68 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |doi=10.1080/00277738.2020.1731241 |hdl=11250/2676009 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;}} ({{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Seychelles.ogg|s|eɪ|ˈ|ʃ|ɛ|l|(|z|)}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|eɪ|ʃ|ɛ|l|(|z|)}};&lt;ref&gt;{{cite EPD|18}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite LPD|3}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{IPA|fr|sɛʃɛl|lang}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://en.langenscheidt.com/french-german/seychelles|title=Seychelles – English translation in German – Langenscheidt dictionary French-German|access-date=29 December 2018|language=en, de, fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais-anglais/Seychelles/121797|title=Traduction: Seychelles – Dictionnaire français-anglais Larousse|access-date=29 December 2018|language=en, fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://en.pons.com/translate?q=Seychelles&amp;l=enfr&amp;in=fr&amp;lf=fr|title=Seychelles {{!}} French » English {{!}} PONS|access-date=29 December 2018|language=en, fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{small|ama}} {{IPA|fr|seʃɛl|}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/french-english/seychelles|title=English Translation of &quot;Seychelles&quot; {{!}} Collins French-English Dictionary|access-date=29 December 2018|language=en, fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;), si rasmi ahna loo yiraahdo '''Jamhuuriyadda Sishalis''' ({{langx|fr|link=no|République des Seychelles}}; [[Seychellois Creole|Kreole-ka Sishalis]]: {{lang|crs|Repiblik Sesel}}),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia | url=https://www.britannica.com/facts/Seychelles | title=Seychelles Facts &amp;#124; Britannica | encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica }}&lt;/ref&gt; waa [[archipelagic country|dal jasiirado ah]] oo ka kooban 115 jasiiradood&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/2023-11/Seychelles_Cooperation_Framework_2024-2028.pdf|title=United Nations Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework for Seychelles 2024 - 2028|access-date=2026-05-30|date=2023|publisher=[[United Nations]]|page=15}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuna yaalla [[Indian Ocean|Badweynta Hindiya]]. Caasimaddiisa iyo magaalada ugu weyn, oo ah [[Victoria, Seychelles|Fiktooriya]], waxay dhanka bari {{convert|1500|km|nmi|abbr=off|round=50}} kaga beegan tahay dhul-weynaha [[Africa|Afrika]]. Wadamada iyo dhulalka jasiiradaha ah ee u dhow waxaa ka mid ah [[Maldives|Maaldiyfis]], [[Comoros|Komoros]], [[Madagascar|Madagaskar]], [[Mauritius|Moriishas]], iyo [[French Fifth Republic|Faransiiska]] [[overseas departments and regions of France|goboladiisa iyo waaxyaha dibadda]] ee [[Mayotte|Mayotte]] iyo [[Réunion]] dhanka koonfureed; iyo [[Chagos Archipelago|Jasiiradaha Chagos]] dhanka bari.
Sishalis waa [[list of African countries by area|dalka ugu yar Afrika]] sidoo kale waa [[list of African countries by population|dalka madaxbannaan ee ugu dadka yar Afrika]], iyadoo lagu qiyaasay dadkiisa 100,600 qof sannadkii 2022.&lt;ref name=&quot;World Bank Open Data v619&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=World Bank Open Data | website=World Bank Open Data | url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=SC | language=la | access-date=2023-07-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Jasiiradaha Sishalis ma lahayn wax dad ah ka hor intaan xiriir joogto ah oo dibadda ah lala samayn. In kasta oo badmaaxiinta Carabta iyo Sawaaxiliga ay u degeen inay jasiiradaha horay u ogaayeen iyagoo u maraya marinada [[Indian Ocean trade|ganacsiga Badweynta Hindiya]], haddana ma jiraan wax caddaynaya inay jireen deegaanno rasmi ah ka hor intaan reer Yurub ku lug yeelan. Jasiiradaha waxaa markii ugu horreysay diwaangeliyay reer Yurub qarnigii 16aad, laakiin lama degganayn ilaa qarnigii 18aad, markaasoo Faransiisku si rasmi ah u sheegtay. Intii lagu guda jiray xilligii gumeysiga Faransiiska, dadka Afrikaanka ah ee la addoonsaday—kuwaas oo badankoodood horey loogu soo qabtay shabakadaha hadda jira ee Afrikaanka, [[Arab slave trade|ganacsiga addoonta ee Carabta]], iyo [[Indian Ocean slave trade|ganacsiga addoonta ee Badweynta Hindiya]]—ayaa loo keenay jasiiradaha si ay uga shaqeeyaan beeraha waaweyn.

Waxay la kulantay dano iska soo horjeeda oo ka imaanayay Faransiiska iyo Ingiriiska ilaa ay si buuxda u gashay gacanta Ingiriiska horraantii qarnigii 19aad. Ka dib markii Ingiriisku la wareegay maamulka horraantii qarnigii 19aad, addoonsigii waa la baabiiyay waxaana hadhow qayb ahaan lagu beddelay shaqaale qandaraasleyaal ah oo laga keenay Hindiya. Tan iyo markii ay ku dhawaaqday madaxbannaanida Boqortooyada Midowday sannadkii 1976, waxay ka horumartay bulsho inta badan ku tiirsan [[Agriculture|beeraha]] una guurtay dhaqaale suuq xor ah oo kala duwan, kaasoo lagu yaqaanno waxqabadka [[service sector|waaxda adeegga]], [[public sector|waaxda guud]], iyo [[tourism|dalxiiska]]. Intii u dhaxeysay 1976 ilaa 2015, wax-soosaarka guud ee dalka ee magaca ah ([[GDP]]) wuxuu kor u kacay ku dhowaad 700%, halka [[purchasing power parity|awoodda iibsiga]] ay kor u kacday ku dhowaad 1600%. Tan iyo dhammaadkii 2010-maadkii, xukuumaddu waxay qaadday tillaabooyin lagu dhiiragelinayo [[wikt: foreign investment|maalgashiga shisheeye]].

Tan iyo bilowgii qarniga 21aad, Sishalis waxay leedahay [[List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita|GDP-ga qofkiiba ee magaca ah]] ee ugu sarreeya iyo darajada [[Human Development Index|Tusmada Horumarka Aadanaha]] ee ugu sarreysa waddan kasta oo Afrikaan ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=World Bank Country and Lending Groups – World Bank Data Help Desk |url=https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups |publisher=[[World Bank]]}}{{date?}}&lt;/ref&gt; Marka loo eego [[V-Dem Democracy indices|Tusmooyinka Dimuqraadiyadda V-Dem]] ee 2024, Sishalis waxay ku jirtaa kaalinta 43aad ee dimuqraadiyadaha doorashada ee adduunka oo dhan, waxayna kaalinta 1aad kaga jirtaa [[democracy in Africa|dimuqraadiyadda xorta ah ee Afrika]], iyo kaalinta 2aad ee dimuqraadiyadaha doorashada ee qaaradda.&lt;ref name=&quot;vdem_dataset&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=V-Dem Institute |date=2023 |title=The V-Dem Dataset |url=https://www.v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/ |access-date=14 October 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhaqanka iyo bulshada Sishalis waa isku dhaf ka kooban saamaynta Faransiiska, Ingiriiska, Hindida iyo Afrikaanka, iyadoo ay ku jiraan canaasiir Shiinees ah. Dalku waa xubin ka tirsan [[United Nations|Qaramada Midoobay]], [[African Union|Midowga Afrika]], [[Southern African Development Community|Ururka Horumarinta Bulshada Afrikaanka Koonfureed]], iyo [[Commonwealth of Nations|Caddaaladda Quruumaha]].

== Taariikhda ==
{{Main|History of Seychelles}}

[[File:Gama_armada_of_1502_(Livro_de_Lisuarte_de_Abreu).jpg|thumb|left|Reer Yurubkii ugu horreeyay ee ogaada Sishalis waxay ahaayeen [[4th Portuguese India Armada (Gama, 1502)|Cisbitaalkii 4aad ee Boortaqiiska Hindiya]], oo uu hoggaaminayay [[Vasco da Gama]].]]
===Taariikhda hore===
Sishalis ma lahayn wax dad ah inta badan taariikhda la diwaangeliyay, in kasta oo jilitaanka hababka socdaalka ee [[Austronesian peoples|dadka Ostrooneesiyanka]] ay muujinayaan suurtogalnimada weyn inay booqdeen jasiiradaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Scott M. |last2=Callaghan |first2=Richard |chapter=Seafaring simulations and the Origin of Prehistoric Settlers to Madagascar |page=52 |title=Islands of Inquiry: Colonisation, Seafaring and the Archaeology of Maritime Landscapes |editor1-last=O'Connor |editor1-first=Sue |editor2-last=Clark |editor2-first=Geoffrey |editor3-last=Leach |editor3-first=Foss |series=Terra Australis |issue=29 |publisher=ANU E Press |location=Canberra, ACT, Australia |url=https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/33708/1/459300.pdf |date=2008 |isbn=9781921313905}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qubuuraha la arki karay ilaa 1910 ee Anse Lascars ee Jasiiradda Silhouette ayaa sidoo kale loo qiyaasay inay leeyihiin ganacsatadii dambe ee [[Maldivians|Maaldiyfiis]] iyo [[Arabs|Carabta]] ee booqan jiray jasiiradaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Guébourg |first=Jean-Louis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lsfav10mYCMC |title=Les Seychelles |date=2004 |publisher=Ed. Karthala |isbn=2-84586-358-6 |location=Paris |language=fr |oclc=419931142 |pages=27–28 |via=Google Books}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Vasco da Gama]] iyo [[4th Portuguese India Armada (Gama, 1502)|Cisbitaalkiisa 4aad ee Boortaqiiska Hindiya]] waxay ogaadeen Sishalis 15kii Maarso 1503; aragtida ugu horreysay waxaa sameeyay [[Thomé Lopes]] isagoo saaran ''Rui Mendes de Brito''. Maraakiibtii Da Gama waxay dhoween jasiirad dheer, malaha waa [[Silhouette Island|Jasiiradda Silhouette]], maalintii xigtayna waxay dhoween [[Desroches Island|Jasiiradda Desroches]]. Ka dib, Boortaqiisku waxay khariidad ku sameeyeen koox ka kooban toddoba jasiiradood waxayna u bixiyeen ''The Seven Sisters (Toddobada Walaalood).''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Seychelles: Settlement and the development of the plantation economy (1770–1944) |publisher=Electoral Institute for Sustainable Democracy in Africa |url=https://www.eisa.org/wep/seyoverview1.htm |access-date=2026-07-01 |archive-date=2023-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411214438/https://www.eisa.org/wep/seyoverview1.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Soo degistii ugu horreysay ee la diwaangeliyay waxay ahayd bishii Janaayo 1609, oo ay sameeyeen shaqaalihii markabka ''Ascension'' ee uu hoggaaminayay Kabtan [[Alexander Sharpeigh]] intii lagu guda jiray safarkii afraad ee Shirkadda Ingiriiska ee [[East India Company]].

Maadaama ay ahayd marin ganacsi oo u dhaxeeya Afrika iyo Aasiya, jasiiradaha waxaa la sheegay inay mararka qaar isticmaali jireen burcad-badeedda ilaa Faransiisku ka bilaabay inuu la wareego maamulka 1756 markaasoo Dhagaxii Lahaanshaha uu dhigay [[Mahé, Seychelles|Mahé]] Kabtan [[Corneille Nicholas Morphey]]. Jasiiradaha waxaa loogu magac daray siyaasiga Faransiiska ah ee [[Jean Moreau de Séchelles]], waxayna si rasmi ah qayb uga ahaayeen gumeysigii [[Isle de France (Mauritius)|Isle de France]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |publisher=National Assembly of Seychelles |title=Our History |url=http://www.nationalassembly.sc/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=section&amp;id=16&amp;Itemid=53 |access-date=12 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628122148/http://www.nationalassembly.sc/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=section&amp;id=16&amp;Itemid=53 |archive-date=28 June 2012 |url-status=dead  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Ogosto 1770, markabkii Faransiiska ee ''Thélémaque'' oo uu hoggaaminayay Kabtan Leblanc Lécore ayaa jasiiradda [[Ste. Anne Island]] keenay 15 qof oo caddaan ah oo degeysa iyo 13 addoon ah oo Afrikaan iyo Hindi ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Govinden |first=Gerard |date=2020-08-27 |title=250th Anniversary of First Settlement |url=https://nation.sc/articles/5891/250th-anniversary-of-first-settlement |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=Seychelles Nation |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Intii lagu guda jiray [[French Revolutionary Wars|Dagaaladii Kacaanka Faransiiska]], markabka dagaalka ee [[Royal Navy|Ciidanka Badda ee Boqortooyada]] ee [[HMS Orpheus (1780)|HMS ''Orpheus'']] oo uu hoggaaminayay Kabtan Henry Newcombe ayaa yimid Mahé 16kii Maajo 1794. {{ill|Jean-Baptiste Quéau de Quinssy|fr}}, oo ahaa maamulaha sare ee Sishalis, ayaa diiday inuu iska caabiyo ''Orpheus'' wuxuuna taa beddelkeeda si guul leh ula xaajooday Ingiriiska, taasoo keentay in jasiiraduhu ay sii ahaadaan kuwo hoos yimaada maamulka Faransiiska sidii dhul &quot;dhexaad ah&quot;. Ka dib markii ciidamada Ingiriisku ay dhammaystireen [[invasion of Isle de France|duullaankoodii Isle de France]] bishii Diseembar 1810, waxay la wareegeen maamulka Sishalis, taasoo lagu rasmeeyay [[Treaty of Paris (1814)|Heshiiskii Baariis ee 1814]] kaasoo soo afjaray [[War of the Sixth Coalition|Dagaalkii Isbahaysiga Lixaad]]. Sishalis waxay noqotay [[crown colony|gumeysi boqortooyo]] oo ka go'an Moriishas sannadkii 1903. [[Elections in Seychelles|Doorashooyinka Sishalis]] waxaa la qabtay 1966 iyo 1970.

{{multiple image
| align    = right
| total_width = 250
| image1   = Seychelles 1953 coronation stamp.JPG
| image2   = Queen Elizabeth Seychelles stamp 1977.jpg
| footer   = Tikidhada boostada ee Sishalis oo wata sawirka [[Queen Elizabeth II|Boqorad Elizabeth II]]
}}

[[File:Victoria Seychelles 1900s.jpg|thumb|left|Fiktooriya, Sishalis 1900-aadkii]]

=== Madaxbannaanida ===
Sannadkii 1976, Sishalis waxay madaxbannaani ka qaadatay [[United Kingdom|Boqortooyada Midowday]] iyadoo noqotay jamhuuriyad. Tan iyo xilligaas waxay xubin ka noqotay [[Commonwealth of Nations|Ururka Barwaaqosooranka]].&lt;ref name=&quot;History of Seychelles&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.seychelles.com/en/about_seychelles/history.php |title=History of Seychelles |publisher=seychelles.com |year=2009 |access-date=9 September 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608091646/http://www.seychelles.com/en/about_seychelles/history.php |archive-date=8 June 2010 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadadii 1970-aadkii Sishalis waxay ahayd &quot;goobta la rabo in lagu arko dadka, goob ay ku ciyaaraan xiddigaha filimada iyo dadka caalamiga ah ee hodanka ah&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;telegraph.co.uk&quot;&gt;Joanna Symons (21 March 2005). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/africaandindianocean/seychelles/732553/Seychelles-Lifes-a-breeze-near-the-equator.html &quot;Seychelles: Life's a breeze near the equator&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504225308/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/africaandindianocean/seychelles/732553/Seychelles-Lifes-a-breeze-near-the-equator.html |date=4 May 2018 }}. ''Telegraph.co.uk''.&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 1977, [[1977 Seychelles coup d'état|Inqilaab]] uu sameeyay [[France-Albert René]] ayaa xilka ka tuuray madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee jamhuuriyadda, [[James Mancham]].&lt;ref name=&quot;africanhistory.about.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://africanhistory.about.com/od/seychelles/p/SeychellesHist1.htm |title=africanhistory.about.com |work=About.com Education |publisher=africanhistory.about.com |access-date=23 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314184227/http://africanhistory.about.com/od/seychelles/p/SeychellesHist1.htm |archive-date=14 March 2012 |url-status=dead  }}&lt;/ref&gt; René wuxuu niyad-jabiyay ku tiirsanaanta xad-dhaafka ah ee dalxiiska wuxuuna ku dhawaaqay inuu rabo &quot;inuu Sishalis u hayo dadka Sishalis&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;telegraph.co.uk&quot;/&gt;

Dastuurkii 1979 wuxuu ku dhawaaqay [[One party rule in Seychelles|gole hantiwadaag ah oo hal xisbi ah]], kaasoo jiray ilaa 1991.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Seychelles – Return to a Multiparty System |url=https://countrystudies.us/seychelles/26.htm |website=countrystudies.us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadadii 1980-aadkii waxaa jiray isku dayo inqilaab oo xiriir ah oo ka dhanka ah Madaxweyne René, kuwaas oo qaarkood ay taageerayeen Afrikaanka Koonfureed. Sannadkii 1981, [[Mike Hoare]] ayaa hoggaaminayay koox ka kooban 43 calooshood u shaqaystayaal u dhashay Afrikaanka Koonfureed oo iska dhigay ciyaartoy rugby ah oo fasax ku jira intii lagu guda jiray [[1981 Seychelles coup d'état attempt|Isku daygii inqilaabka Sishalis ee 1981]].&lt;ref name=&quot;telegraph.co.uk&quot;/&gt; Waxaa jiray dagaal dhexmaray madaarka, inta badan calooshood u shaqaystayaashuna hadhow waxay ku baxsadeen markab [[Air India]] ah oo la afduubay.&lt;ref name=&quot;telegraph.co.uk&quot;/&gt; Hoggaamiyaha afduubkan wuxuu ahaa calooshood u shaqayste Jarmal ah oo la oron jiray D. Clodo, kaasoo horey uga tirsanaan jiray [[Rhodesian Special Air Service|Rhodesian SAS]].&lt;ref&gt;Hoare, Mike The Seychelles Affair (Transworld, London, 1986; {{ISBN|0-593-01122-8}})&lt;/ref&gt; Clodo hadhow waxaa la horkeenay maxkamad ku taala Afrikaanka Koonfureed (halkaas oo lagu siidayay) iyo sidoo kale dalkiisa hoose ee Jarmalka arrimo la xiriira burcad-badeednimo hawada ah.&lt;ref&gt;Bartus László: Maffiaregény {{ISBN|9634405967}}, Budapest 2001&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 1986, isku day inqilaab oo uu hoggaaminayay Wasiirka Gaashaandhiga Sishalis, Ogilvy Berlouis, ayaa sababay in Madaxweyne René uu caawimaad weydiisto Hindiya. Intii lagu guda jiray [[Operation Flowers are Blooming|Hawlgalkii Flowers are Blooming]], Ciidanka Badda ee Hindiya markabkooda {{sclass|Nilgiri|frigate|1||1972}} {{INS|Vindhyagiri|F42|2}} ayaa yimid Port Victoria si uu gacan uga geysto ka hortagga inqilaabka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brewster |first1=David |last2=Rai |first2=Ranjit |title=Flowers are blooming: the story of the India Navy's secret operation in the Seychelles |journal=Naval Review: Annual Review of World Seapower |date=2011 |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=58–62 |hdl=1885/13331 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Qabyo-qoraalkii ugu horreeyay ee dastuurka cusub wuxuu ku guuldarraystay inuu helo 60% codbixiyayaasha loo baahnaa sannadkii 1992, laakiin nooc wax laga beddelay ayaa la ansixiyay 1993.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=FAO.org |url=https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC132619/ |website=www.fao.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Janaayo 2013, Sishalis waxay ku dhawaaqday xaalad degdeg ah ka dib markii duufaanta kuleylaha ah ee [[cyclone Felleng]] ay sababtay roobab mahiigaan ah, daadad iyo dhul go'ayna ay burburiyeen boqolaal guri.&lt;ref name=&quot;UN&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.un-spider.org/about-us/news/en/6428/2013-02-01t161200/international-chapter-activated-flooding-republic-seychelles|title=International Chapter activated for flooding in the Republic of Seychelles|publisher=United Nation|access-date=1 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203214223/http://www.un-spider.org/about-us/news/en/6428/2013-02-01t161200/international-chapter-activated-flooding-republic-seychelles|archive-date=3 February 2013|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;AL&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/weather/2013/01/201312993838165255.html|title=State of Emergency declared in the Seychelles|publisher=Aljazeera|access-date=1 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130130060303/http://www.aljazeera.com/weather/2013/01/201312993838165255.html|archive-date=30 January 2013|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ka dib inqilaabkii 1977, madaxweynuhu wuxuu mar walba matalayay isku xisbi siyaasadeed ilaa bishii Oktoobar [[2020 Seychellois general election|Doorashadii Guud ee Sishalis ee 2020]], taasoo ahayd mid taariikhi ah maadaama xisbiga mucaaradka uu guulaystay. [[Wavel Ramkalawan]] wuxuu noqodka madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee aan matalin United Seychelles (magaca hadda ee horey loo oran jiray Seychelles People's Progressive Front).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/25/seychelles-election-marks-first-opposition-victory-in-44-years|title=Seychelles election marks first opposition victory in 44 years|website=[[TheGuardian.com]] |date=25 October 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-54692210|title=Seychelles elections: How a priest rose to become president|work=BBC News|date=28 October 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Janaayo 2023, Sishalis waxay ku dhawaaqday heerarkii ugu dambeeyay ee dhammaystirka qorshaheeda booska badda. Waxay noqon doontaa aagga labaad ee ugu weyn badweynta marka loo eego baaxadda oo gaareysa {{convert|1.35|e6km2|sqmi|abbr=unit}} iyadoo ku xigta [[Norway]], si loo taageero [[blue economy|dhaqaalaheeda buluugga ah]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Ocean conservation: Seychelles' marine spatial plan in final stages of completion |url=http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/18023/Ocean+conservation+Seychelles+marine+spatial+plan+in+final+stages+of+completion |website=www.seychellesnewsagency.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Oktoobar 2025, [[2025 Seychellois general election|doorashadii madaxweynenimo ee wareeggii labaad]] waxaa ku guuleystay afhayeenkii hore ee baarlamaanka ahna hoggaamiyaha ugu weyn ee mucaaradka, [[Patrick Herminie]], taasoo la micno ah in xisbiga Herminie ee [[United Seychelles]] (US) uu dib ugu soo laabtay xukunka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Seychelles presidential election: Opposition leader Patrick Herminie defeats Wavel Ramkalawan |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cy7p72rj2geo |work=www.bbc.com |date=12 October 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maalintii 26kii Oktoobar 2025, Patrick Herminie waxaa loo dhaqan-galiyay inuu yahay madaxweynihii lixaad ee Sishalis.&lt;ref name=&quot;reuters.com&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Patrick Herminie sworn in as Seychelles sixth president |url=https://www.reuters.com/video/watch/idRW693627102025RP1/ |access-date=27 October 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist}}

{{Dalalka Afrika}}
[[Category:Wadamada Afrika]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Iiraan</title>
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      <text bytes="131388" sha1="c4o7h8nifs4dkxy6bdmu26oppdfs8lq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Islaamiga ah ee Iiraan
| common_name            = Iiraan
| native_name            = &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Nobold/styles.css&quot;/&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nobold&quot;&gt;{{native name|fa|جمهوری اسلامی ایران|italics=off}}&lt;br /&gt;{{transliteration|fa|Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye Irân}}&lt;/span&gt;
| image_flag             = Flag of Iran (official).svg
| image_coat             = Emblem of Iran.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert
| symbol_type            = Astaanta
| national_motto         = {{ubl
 | {{lang|ar|اَللَّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ}}
 | {{transliteration|ar|Allāhu ʾAkbar}} (''[[Takbiir]]'')
 | &quot;[[Ilaah ee Islaamka|Ilaah]] baa Weyn&quot;
 | (''[[de jure]]'')
 | {{lang|fa|استقلال، آزادی، جمهوری اسلامی}}
 | {{transliteration|fa|Esteqlâl, Âzâdi, Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi}}
 | &quot;Madaxbannaani, xorriyad, Jamhuuriyadda Islaamiga ah&quot;
 | (''[[de facto]]''){{sfn|Temperman|2010|p=87}}
}}
| national_anthem        = {{lang|fa|مهر خاورan}}&lt;br /&gt;''[[Mehr-e Khavaran|Mehr-e Khâvarân]]''&lt;br /&gt;&quot;Cadceedda Bari&quot;{{parabr}}{{center|[[File:Sorud-e Mellí-e Yomhurí-e Eslamí-e Irán (instrumental).oga]]}}
| image_map              = {{switcher|[[File:Iran (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Muuji globe-ka|[[File:Iran - Location Map (2013) - IRN - UNOCHA.svg|frameless]]|Muuji khariidadda Iiraan}}
| map_width              = 250px
| capital                = [[Tehran]]
| coordinates            = {{#invoke:Coordinates|coord|35|41|N|51|25|E|type:city}}
| largest_city           = [[Tehran]]
| official_languages     = [[Af-Faarsi|Faarsi]]
| languages2_type        = Hejacaad gaar ah
| demonym                = [[Dadka Iiraan|Iiraani]]
| government_type        = Midaysan [[nidaamka madaxweynenimo|madaxweynenimo]] tayaquraadi ah [[Jamhuuriyad Islaami ah]] oo hoos timaada kalitalis [[authoritarianism|maamul adag]]{{efn|Awoodda kama dambaysta ah waxay u xilsaaran tahay [[Hogaamiyaha Sare ee Iiraan|Hogaamiyaha Sare]], oo ah jago ka sarreysa Madaxweynaha.}}
| leader_title1          = [[Hogaamiyaha Sare ee Iiraan|Hogaamiyaha Sare]]
| leader_name1           = ''[[Doorashada Hogaamiyaha Sare ee Iiraan 2026|Bannaan]]{{efn|[[Golaha Hogaaminta Ku-meel-gaarka ah]], oo ka kooban Madaxweyne Masoud Pezeshkian, Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare [[Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i]], iyo Ayatollah [[Alireza Arafi]], ayaa si ku-meel-gaar ah u gudan doona waajibaadka ilaa hogaamiye sare oo cusub laga [[Doorashada Hogaamiyaha Sare ee Iiraan 2026|dooranayo]].{{refn|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Motamedi|first=Maziar|date=2026-03-01|title=Iran forms interim council to oversee transition after Khamenei's killing|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/3/1/iran-to-form-interim-council-to-oversee-transition-after-khameneis-killing|access-date=2026-03-01|website=Al Jazeera}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Reals|first=Tucker|last2=|first2=|last3=|first3=|last4=|last5=|first5=|last6=|first6=|last7=|first7=|last8=|first8=|last9=|first9=|date=2026-03-01|title=Iran names three men for interim Leadership Council to pick next supreme leader|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/live-updates/us-iran-war-israel-supreme-leader-khamenei-funeral-day-2/|access-date=2026-03-01|website=CBS News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.cbsnews.com/live-updates/israel-us-attack-iran-trump-says-major-combat-operations/#post-update-a08fca3a&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.cbsnews.com/live-updates/israel-us-attack-iran-trump-says-major-combat-operations/#post-update-7d54fc15&lt;/ref&gt;}}}}
| leader_title2          = [[Madaxweynaha Iiraan|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name2           = [[Masoud Pezeshkian]]
| leader_title3          = [[Madaxweyne kuxigeenka Iiraan|Madaxweyne kuxigeen]]
| leader_name3           = [[Mohammad Reza Aref]]
| leader_title4          = [[Liiska guddoomiyeyaasha Baarlamaanka Iiraan|Guddoomiyaha Golaha]]
| leader_name4           = [[Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf]]
| leader_title5          = [[Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare ee Iiraan|Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare]]
| leader_name5           = [[Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i]]
| legislature            = [[Golaha La-talinta Islaamka]]
| sovereignty_type       = [[Taariikhda Iiraan|Abuuritaanka]]
| established_event1     = [[Boqortooyadii Meediya]]
| established_date1      = {{circa|678 CH}}
| established_event2     = [[Boqortooyadii Akhaamenid]]
| established_date2      = 550 CH
| established_event3     = [[Boqortooyadii Paartiya]]
| established_date3      = 247 CH
| established_event4     = [[Boqortooyadii Sasaaniyiinta]]
| established_date4      = 224 CD
| established_event5     = [[Iranian Intermezzo]]
| established_date5      = 821
| established_event6     = [[Safawi Iiraan]]
| established_date6      = 22 Diseembar 1501
| established_event7     = [[Afshari Iiraan]]
| established_date7      = 22 Janaayo 1736
| established_event8     = [[Zand Iiraan]]
| established_date8      = 1751
| established_event9     = [[Qaajaari Iiraan]]
| established_date9      = 20 Maarso 1794
| established_event10    = [[Kacaankii Dastuuriga ahaa ee Faaris|Kacaankii Dastuuriga]]
| established_date10     = 12 Diseembar 1905
| established_event11    = [[Pahlavi Iiraan]]
| established_date11     = 15 Diseembar 1925
| established_event12    = [[Kacaankii Iiraan]]
| established_date12     = 11 Febraayo 1979
| established_event13    = [[Dastuurka Iiraan|Dastuurka hadda jira]]
| established_date13     = 3 Diseembar 1979
| established_event14    = [[Aafti-dastuurka Iiraan ee 1989|Wax ka badalida dastuurka]]
| established_date14     = 28 Luulyo 1989
| area_km2               = 1,648,195
| area_rank              = 17aad
| area_sq_mi             = 636,372
| percent_water          = 1.63 (ilaa 2015)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Surface water and surface water change |url=https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER |access-date=11 October 2020 |publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]] (OECD) |archive-date=24 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324133453/https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate    = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 92,417,681&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.worldometers.info/world-population/iran-population/ |title=Iran Population (2025) |website=Worldometer}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2025
| population_estimate_rank = 17aad
| population_density_km2 = {{#expr: 85961000/1648195 round 0}}
| population_density_sq_mi = {{#expr: 85961000/636372 round 0}}
| population_density_rank = 163aad
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $1.879 tiriliyan&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.IR&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://data.imf.org/en/Data-Explorer?datasetUrn=IMF.RES:WEO(9.0.0)|title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2025 Edition. (Iran) |website= |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |date=14 October 2025 |access-date=13 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 22aad
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $21,473&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.IR&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2025
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 88aad
| GDP_nominal            = {{decrease}} $356.513 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.IR&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 42aad
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{decrease}} $4,074&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.IR&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2025
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 132aad
| Gini                   = 35.9
| Gini_year              = 2023
| Gini_change            = korodh 
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/ |title=Gini Index coefficient |work=[[The World Factbook]] |access-date=24 September 2024 |archive-date=17 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717071854/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank              = 
| HDI                    = 0.799
| HDI_year               = 2023
| HDI_change             = korodh
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref name=&quot;UNHDR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 May 2025 |title=Human Development Report 2025 |url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506051232/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf |archive-date=6 May 2025 |access-date=6 May 2025 |publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 75aad
| currency               = [[Riyaalka Iiraan]] ({{nq|{{wikt-lang|fa|ریال}}}})
| currency_code          = IRR
| time_zone              = [[Waqtiga Halbeegga ee Iiraan|IRST]]
| utc_offset             = +3:30
| calling_code           = [[+98]]
| cctld                  = {{unbulleted list |[[.ir]] |[[.ir|ایران.]]}}
| drives_on              = midig
}}

'''Iiraan''', si rasmi ahna loo yiraahdo '''Jamhuuriyadda Islaamiga ah ee Iiraan''', laguna yaqaanay '''Faaris''', waa dal ku yaalla [[Galbeedka Aasiya]]. Waxay xuduud la leedahay [[Ciraaq]] dhanka galbeed, [[Turkiya]], [[Asarbayjan]], iyo [[Armeeniya]] dhanka waqooyi-galbeed, [[Badda Kasbiya]] dhanka waqooyi, [[Turkmenistaan]] dhanka waqooyi-bari, [[Afgaanistaan]] dhanka bari, [[Bakistaan]] dhanka koonfur-bari, iyo [[Gacanka Cumaan]] iyo [[Gacanka Faaris]] dhanka koonfureed. Iyadoo ay ku nool yihiin dad ka badan 92 milyan, Iiraan waxay fadhidaa kaalinta 17aad ee caalamka xagga [[Liiska dalalka marka loo eego bedka|baaxadda dhulka]] iyo [[Liiska dalalka marka loo eego dadka|tirada dadka]] waana [[Liiska dalalka Aasiya marka loo eego bedka|dalka lixaad ee ugu weyn]] Aasiya. Waxay u qaybsantaa [[Gobollada Iiraan|shan gobol]] oo ka kooban [[Gobollada Iiraan|31 gobol (provinces)]]. [[Tehran]] waa caasimadda qaranka, [[Liiska magaalooyinka Iiraan|magaalada ugu weyn]], iyo xarunta maaliyadda.

Iiraan waa hoyga mid ka mid ah ilbaxnimooyinka ugu da'da weyn caalamka ee aan kala go'in, waxaana markii ugu horreysay la isugu keenay [[Boqortooyadii Meediya|dal]] ahaan [[Meediyiinta]] hoostooda qarnigii 7aad CH, waxayna gaartay baaxaddii ugu weyneyd qarnigii 6aad CH, markii [[Kuruska Weyn]] uu aasaasay [[Boqortooyadii Akhaamenid]]. [[Alesandarka Weyn]] ayaa qabsaday boqortooyada qarnigii 4aad CH. Kacdoon Iiraani ah oo dhacay qarnigii 3aad CH ayaa dhisay [[Boqortooyadii Paartiya]], taasoo markii dambe dalka xoreysay. Qarnigii 3aad CD, Paartiyadii waxaa beddelay [[Boqortooyadii Sasaaniyiinta]], taasoo horseedday xilli dahabi ah oo ka mid ah [[Taariikhda Iiraan|taariikhda ilbaxnimada Iiraan]]. Muddadaas, Iiraantii hore waxay aragtay horumarradii ugu horreeyay ee qoraalka, beeraha, magaalo-falka, diinta, iyo maamulka. Iiraan oo mar ahaan jirtay xarun [[Zoroastrianism|Soroastariyiinta]], waxay martay [[Islaaminta Iiraan|Islaamin]] ka dib [[Qabsashadii Faaris ee Muslimiinta|qabsashadii Muslimiinta ee qarnigii 7aad CD]]. Hal-abuurka [[Suugaanta Faaris]], [[Falsafadda Iiraan]], xisaabta, [[Daawada qadiimiga ah ee Iiraan|daawada]], xiddigiska iyo [[Farshaxanka Faaris]] ayaa dib u soo cusboonaaday xilligii [[Waayihii Dahabiga ahaa ee Islaamka]] iyo [[Iranian Intermezzo]], xilli ay [[Boqortooyooyinka Muslimiinta ee Iiraan|boqortooyooyinka Muslimiinta Iiraan]] soo afjareen xukunkii Carabta oo ay dib u soo nooleeyeen [[Af-Faarsi|luuqadda Faaris]]. Waxaa xilligan ku xigay xukunkii [[Boqortooyadii Saljuuqiyiinta]] iyo [[Boqortooyadii Khwaarismiyiinta]], [[Qabsashadii Mongol ee Faaris|qabsashadii Mongoliinta]] iyo [[Renaissance-ka Timuriyeed]] qarnigii 11aad ilaa 14aad.

Qarnigii 16aad, [[Boqortooyadii Safawiyiinta]] ee u dhalatay dalka ayaa dib u dhistay dawlad Iiraani ah oo midaysan iyadoo [[Shiicada|Shiicada Laba-iyo-tobnaad]] ka dhigtay [[Diinta dawladda|diinta rasmiga ah]], taasoo dhigtay aasaaska dawladda casriga ah ee Iiraan. Xilligii [[Boqortooyadii Afshariyiinta]] ee qarnigii 18aad, Iiraan waxay ahayd quwad caalami ah oo hormuud ah, laakiin waxay lumisay maqaamkaas ka dib markii [[Qaajaariyiinta]] ay la wareegeen awoodda 1790-meeyadii. Bilowgii qarnigii 20aad waxaa dhacay [[Kacaankii Dastuuriga ahaa ee Faaris]] iyo dhismihii [[Boqortooyadii Pahlavi]] oo uu aasaasay [[Reza Shah]], kaasoo xilkii ka tuuray Shaahii ugu dambeeyay ee Qaajaariyiinta 1925-kii. Ka dib [[Qabsashadii Ingiriiska iyo Soofiyeeti ee Iiraan|duulaankii Ingiriiska iyo Soofiyeeti ee Iiraan 1941-kii]], wiilkiisa [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] ayaa xilka qabtay. Isku dayadii uu [[Mohammad Mosaddegh]] ku doonayay inuu [[Qaramaynta warshadaha saliidda Iiraan|ku qarameeyo warshadaha saliidda]] waxay horseedday [[Inqilaabkii Iiraan ee 1953|inqilaabkii Ingiriis-Ameerika ee 1953-kii]]. [[Kacaankii Iiraan]] ee 1979-kii ayaa xilkii ka tuuray boqortooyada, waxaana la dhisay Jamhuuriyadda Islaamiga ah ee Iiraan oo uu hormuud ka ahaa [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], oo ahaa [[Hogaamiyaha Sare ee Iiraan|hogaamiyihii ugu horreeyay ee dalka]]. 1980-kii, [[Duulaankii Ciraaq ee Iiraan|Ciraaq ayaa soo weerartay Iiraan]], taasoo dhalisay [[Dagaalkii Iiraan iyo Ciraaq]] oo socday siddeed sano, kaasoo ku dhammaaday ismari-waa. Iiraan tan iyo markaas waxay ku lug lahayd [[dagaallo wakiilnimo]] ay la gashay [[Dagaalka wakiilnimo ee Iiraan iyo Israa'iil|Israa'iil]] iyo [[Dagaalka wakiilnimo ee Iiraan iyo Sacuudiga|Sacuudi Carabiya]]; bishii Juun 2025, duqeymaha Israa'iil ee Iiraan waxay kiciyeen xiisado horseeday [[Dagaalkii Laba-iyo-tobanka Maalmood]]. Dagaalkaas ka dib iyo iyadoo ay jirto [[Xiisadda dhaqaale ee Iiraan|xiisad dhaqaale oo sii kordhaysa]], waxaa dhici karta in [[Dibadbaxyada Iiraan ee 2025–2026|dibadbaxyadii ugu weynaa tan iyo 1979-kii]] ay dillaaceen dhammaadkii Diseembar 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=As protests surge, the Iranian regime's options are narrowing |url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2026/01/09/as-protests-surge-the-iranian-regimes-options-are-narrowing |url-access=limited |access-date=9 January 2026 |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |date=9 January 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Doucet |first1=Lyse |title=Iran's rulers face biggest challenge since 1979 revolution |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3ve572edzqo |website=BBC |access-date=12 January 2026 |quote=Iran's rulers are confronting their most serious challenge since their own 1979 revolution.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Maraykanka]] iyo [[Israa'iil]] ayaa bilaabay [[Isqabqabsiga Iiraan ee 2026|weerar weyn oo ka dhanka ah Iiraan]] iyagoo ujeedkeedu yahay [[beddelidda nidaamka]] dhammaadkii Febraayo 2026.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Sanger|first=David E.|author-link=David E. Sanger|date=February 28, 2026|title=For Trump, the Iran Attack Is the Ultimate War of Choice|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/02/28/us/politics/trump-iran-attack.html|url-access=subscription|access-date=March 1, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dawladda Iiraan waa [[Tayaquraadiyad Islaami ah]]{{efn|Iiraan waxaa lagu tilmaamay &quot;jamhuuriyad tayaquraadi ah&quot;.}} oo ay maamulaan hay'ado la doortay iyo kuwo aan la dooran, iyadoo awoodda kama dambaysta ah ay u xilsaaran tahay hogaamiyaha sare. In kasta oo ay [[Doorashooyinka Iiraan|qabato doorashooyin]], xafiisyada muhiimka ah, oo ay ku jiraan madaxa dawladda iyo milatariga, ma khuseeyaan codka dadweynaha. Dawladda Iiraan waa [[authoritarianism|maamul kalitalis ah]] kaas oo si weyn loogu dhaleeceeyay caalamka sababo la xiriira [[Xuquuqda aadanaha ee Iiraan|diiwaankeeda liita ee xuquuqda aadanaha]], oo ay ka mid yihiin xayiraadaha saaran [[xorriyadda isu-uimaatinka]], [[Xorriyadda hadalka ee Iiraan|hadalka]], iyo [[Warbaahinta Iiraan|saxaafadda]], iyo sidoo kale [[Xuquuqda dumarka ee Iiraan|la dhaqanka haweenka]], [[Laga tirada badan yahay ee Iiraan|dadka laga tirada badan yahay]], iyo [[Maxaabiista siyaasadeed ee Iiraan|mucaaradka siyaasadeed]]. Kormeerayaasha caalamiga ah ayaa walaac ka muujiyay caddaaladda geeddi-socodka doorashooyinka, gaar ahaan hubinta murashaxiinta ee hay'adaha aan la dooran sida [[Golaha Ilaalada]]. Iiraan waxay leedahay [[Dhaqaalaha dhexe|dhaqaale qorshaysan]] oo leh [[Shirkadaha dawladda|lahaanshaha dawladeed]] oo weyn qaybaha muhiimka ah, inkasta oo [[Ganacsiga gaarka ah|ganacsiga gaarka ahi]] uu garab jiro. Waa [[quwad dhexdhexaad ah]], sababtoo ah kaydka weyn ee [[shidaalka]] (oo ay ku jirto adduunka labaad ee ugu weyn [[Gaaska dabiiciga ah ee Iiraan|gaaska dabiiciga ah]] iyo [[Liiska dalalka ee kaydka saliidda|kaalinta saddexaad ee kaydka saliidda ee la hubo]]), meesha ay ku taallo oo muhiim u ah juquraafi-siyaasadeedka, iyo doorkeeda xarun caalami ah ee [[Shiicada]]. Iiraan waa dal leh [[Nuclear latency|aqoonta nukliyeerka]] oo leh [[Barnaamijka nukliyeerka ee Iiraan|mid ka mid ah barnaamijyada nukliyeerka ee loogu baadhista badan yahay]], kaas oo ay sheegtay inuu yahay uun ujeeddooyin madani ah; hase yeeshee, [[IAEA]], oo ah hay'ad ka tirsan [[Qaramada Midoobay]] (QM) oo loo xilsaaray la socodka soo saarista [[hubka nukliyeerka]], ayaa laba jeer ogaatay in Iiraan aysan u hoggaansamin waajibaadkeeda ilaalinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Kerr |first1=Paul |title=Iran's Nuclear Program: Tehran's Compliance with International Obligations |url=https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R40094 |publisher=Library of Congress|access-date=12 January 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Mills |first1=Claire |last2=Curtis |first2=John |title=Israel-Iran 2025: Developments in Iran's nuclear programme and military action |url=https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-10284/ |website=House of Commons Library |publisher=UK Parliament |access-date=12 January 2026 |quote =In June 2025, the IAEA Board of Governors adopted a resolution which, for the first time since 2005, formally found Iran to be non-compliant with its nuclear safeguards obligations }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waa xubin aasaasi ah oo ka tirsan QM iyo [[Xiriirka dibadda ee Iiraan|xubin ka tirsan ururro badan oo caalami ah]]. Iiraan waxay leedahay 29 goobood oo ah [[Liiska Goobaha Dhaxalka Adduunka ee Iiraan|UNESCO World Heritage Sites]] (kaalinta 10aad ee adduunka) waxayna fadhidaa kaalinta 4aad ee [[dhaxalka dhaqanka ee aan la taaban karin]] ama hantida aadanaha.

== Taariikhda ==
{{Main|Taariikhda Iiraan}}
=== Taariikh ka hor ===
{{Main|Prehistory of Iran}}
Joogitaanka ugu horreeya ee bani'aadamka ee Iiraan la yaqaan waxay ku beegan tahay qiyaastii 800,000 oo sano ka hor, xilligii [[Middle Paleolithic]].&lt;ref name=&quot;bishi&quot;&gt;Biglari, F. and Shidrang, S., (2006) The Lower Paleolithic Occupation of Iran, Near Eastern Archeology 69 (3–4): 160-168&lt;/ref&gt; Goobo badan oo [[Middle Paleolithic]] ah ayaa la helay, badanaaba [[Buuraha Sagros]] ee galbeedka Iiraan iyo qaar ka mid ah goobaha la xiriira [[Neanderthal]]-ka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Biglari |first1=Fereidoun |last2=Shidrang |first2=Sonia |year=2019 |title=Rescuing the Paleolithic Heritage of Hawraman, Kurdistan, Iranian Zagros |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/706536 |journal=Near Eastern Archaeology |volume=82 |issue=4 |pages=226–235 |doi=10.1086/706536 |s2cid=212851965 |issn=1094-2076 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;J.D. Vigne, J. Peters and D. Helmer, ''First Steps of Animal Domestication'', Proceedings of the 9th Conference of the International Council of Archaeozoology, Durham, August 2002, {{ISBN|1-84217-121-6}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Dhaqankii Sarsiyaan]] ayaa laga diwaangeliyey Iiraan xilligii [[Epipaleolithic]] (25,000–11,500 sano ka hor).&lt;ref&gt;Deborah I. Olszewski: &quot;The Zarzian in the Context of the Epipaleolithic Middle East&quot;, in: ''Humanities'' 19 (2012) 1-20, page 2.&lt;/ref&gt; Beeruhu waxay markii ugu horreysay ka soo muuqdeen Iiraan qiyaastii 12,000 oo sano ka hor oo ay weheliyaan degsiimooyin si fiican loo diwaangeliyey ee [[Fertile Crescent]]. Goobta [[Chogha Golan]] waxay ka muuqatay beerashadii ugu horreysay ee qamadiga [[emmer]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Early humans in Iran were growing wheat 12,000 years ago |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/science/science-news/early-humans-iran-were-growing-wheat-12-000-years-ago-f6C10536898 |publisher=NBC News |date=4 July 2013 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Goobta casriga ah ee [[Ganj Dareh]] waxay sidoo kale ka muuqataa dhaqashada ugu horreysay ee la yaqaan ee [[riyo|riyaha]] qiyaastii 10,000 oo sano ka hor.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |title=The Initial Domestication of Goats (''Capra hircus'') in the Zagros Mountains 10,000 Years Ago |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2000-03-24_287_5461/page/2254 |journal=Science |bibcode=2000Sci...287.2254Z |last1=Zeder |first1=Melinda A. |last2=Hesse |first2=Brian |year=2000 |volume=287 |issue=5461 |pages=2254–2257 |doi=10.1126/science.287.5461.2254 |pmid=10731145}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Magaalada qadiimiga ah ee [[Susa]], oo noqon lahayd caasimadda [[Elam]] ka dibna caasimadda boqortooyadii Akhaamenid, ayaa markii ugu horreysay la degay 4400–4200 CH, waxayna ku dhowdahay goobta casriga ah ee [[Shush, Iiraan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Elam&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=The Archaeology of Elam: Formation and Transformation of an Ancient Iranian State |url=https://archive.org/details/archaeologyofela0000prof |first=D. T. |last=Potts |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1999 |isbn=0-521-56358-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|46–47}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=SUSA |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/susa-parent/?highlight=Susa |website=Encyclopaedia Iranica}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Dhaqankii Kura–Araxes]] ({{circa|3400|2000 CH}}) wuxuu ka jiray waqooyi-galbeed Iiraan iyo [[Kawkas]].&lt;ref name=&quot;books.google.nl2&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Kushnareva |first=K. Kh. |title=The Southern Caucasus in Prehistory: Stages of Cultural and Socioeconomic Development from the Eighth to the Second Millennium B.C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e1PNO7urjHQC&amp;pg=PA44 |year=1997 |publisher=UPenn Museum of Archaeology |isbn=978-0-924171-50-5 |access-date=8 May 2016 |archive-date=13 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200913110041/https://books.google.com/books?id=e1PNO7urjHQC&amp;pg=PA44 |url-status=live}}, page 44&lt;/ref&gt;
_america_helped_saddam_as_he_gassed_iran?page=0%2C2 |archive-date=15 September 2014 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Era Khamenei ====
{{further|2009 Iranian presidential election protests|Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action|Assassination of Qasem Soleimani|Mahsa Amini protests|2024 Iran–Israel conflict|Iran–Israel war|2025–2026 Iranian protests}}
Markii uu dhimanayay sannadkii 1989, Khomeini wuxuu magacaabay Golaha Dib-u-habaynta Dastuurka oo ka kooban 25 xubnood, kuwaas oo u magacaabay [[Ali Khamenei]] inuu noqdo Hoggaamiyaha Sare ee xiga, waxayna isbeddel ku sameeyeen dastuurka Iiraan.&lt;ref&gt;Abrahamian, ''History of Modern Iran'', (2008), p.182&lt;/ref&gt; In kasta oo Khamenei uu ka maqnaa &quot;soo jiidashadii iyo maqaamkii wadaadnimo&quot; ee Khomeini, haddana wuxuu dhisay shabakad taageerayaal ah oo ku dhex jira ciidanka qalabka sida iyo [[Bonyad|mu'asasada diimeed]] ee dhaqaalaha awoodda u leh.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Who's in Charge?&quot; by Ervand Abrahamian ''London Review of Books'', 6 November 2008&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Ayatollah Ali Khamenei at the Great Conference of Basij members at Azadi stadium October 2018 033.jpg|thumb|Ali Khamenei oo jooga Shirweynihii weynaa ee xubnaha [[Basij]] ee [[Azadi Stadium]], Oktoobar 2018]]
Madaxweyne [[Akbar Rafsanjani]] wuxuu xoogga saaray siyaasadda ganacsiga u janjeerta ee dib loogu dhisayo dhaqaalaha, isagoon ka tanaasulin mabda'ii kacaanka. Wuxuu taageeray suuqa xorta ah, isagoo doorbidaya in la gaar yeelo warshadaha qaranka iyo inuu mowqif dhexdhexaad ah ka istaago heer caalami. Sannadkii 1997, waxaa Rafsanjani beddelay [[Iranian reform movement|isbeddel-doonkii]] dhexdhexaadka ahaa ee [[Mohammad Khatami]], kaas oo xukuumaddiisu u qareentay xorriyadda hadalka, xiriir diblomaasiyadeed oo wax ku ool ah oo lala yeesho Aasiya iyo Midowga Yurub, iyo siyaasad taageeraysa suuqa xorta ah iyo maalgashiga shisheeye.

[[2005 Iranian presidential election|Doorashadii madaxtinimo ee 2005]] waxay awoodda u keentay musharraxa muxaafidka ah, caanka ah, ee wadaniyadda u janjeera ee [[Mahmoud Ahmadinejad]]. Waxaa lagu yaqiinnay aragtiyihiisa adag, nukliyeeraynta, iyo [[Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Israel|colaadda uu u qabo Israa'iil]], [[Saudi Arabia]], Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, Maraykanka iyo dawladaha kale. Wuxuu ahaa madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee uu u yeero [[Islamic Consultative Assembly|baarlamaanka]] si uu uga jawaabo su'aalo ku saabsan madaxtinimadiisa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=5 June 2012 |title=Ahmadinejad critic Larijani re-elected Iran speaker |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-18328882 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[BBC News]] |language=en-GB |archive-date=10 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510171821/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-18328882 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2013, waxaa madaxweyne loo doortay [[Hassan Rouhani]] oo ahaa dhex-dhexaad isbeddel-doon ah. Wuxuu dhiirigeliyay xorriyadda shakhsi ahaaneed, helitaanka macluumaadka, iyo horumarinta xuquuqda haweenka. Wuxuu horumariyay xiriirka diblomaasiyadeed isagoo adeegsanaya is-dhaafsiga waraaqo dib u heshiisiin ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last1=Borger |first1=Julian |last2=Dehghan |first2=Saeed Kamali |date=19 September 2013 |title=Hassan Rouhani sets out his vision for a new and free Iran |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/19/hassan-rouhani-vision-iran-free |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=12 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231112101132/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/19/hassan-rouhani-vision-iran-free |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Heshiiska [[Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action]] waxaa lagu gaaray [[Vienna]] sannadkii 2015, intii u dhaxeysay Iiraan, [[P5+1]] ([[permanent members of the United Nations Security Council|xubnaha joogtada ah ee Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay]] + Jarmalka) iyo Midowga Yurub. Wada-xaajoodyadu waxay udub dhexaad u ahaayeen joojinta [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1929|cunaqabataynta dhaqaale]] iyadoo beddelkeeda Iiraan laga xaddidayo soo saarista [[enriched uranium|yuraaniyamka la hodmey]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Kutsch, Tom |date=14 July 2015 |title=Iran, world powers strike historic nuclear deal |url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/7/14/iran-world-powers-strike-historic-nuclear-deal.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715175516/http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/7/14/iran-world-powers-strike-historic-nuclear-deal.html |archive-date=15 July 2015 |access-date=15 July 2015 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2018, Maraykanka oo uu hoggaaminayay Madaxweyne [[First presidency of Donald Trump|Donald Trump]] ayaa ka baxay heshiiska, waxaana lagu soo rogay cunaqabatayn cusub. Tani waxay meesha ka saartay qodobbadii dhaqaalaha waxayna Iiraan keentay [[nuclear latency|heerka u dhow nukliyeerka]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Brewer |first=Eric |date=25 June 2024 |title=Iran's New Nuclear Threat |url=https://www.foreignaffairs.com/iran/irans-new-nuclear-threat |access-date=2 July 2024 |work=Foreign Affairs |language=en-US |issn=0015-7120}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2020, jeneraalka [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps|IRGC]] [[Qasem Soleimani]], oo ahaa qofka 2-aad ee ugu awoodda badan Iiraan,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 January 2020 |title=U.S. killing of Iran's second most powerful man risks regional conflagration |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iraq-security-blast-soleimani-analysi/u-s-killing-of-irans-second-most-powerful-man-risks-regional-conflagration-idUSKBN1Z21TJ/ |website=[[Reuters]] |access-date=7 May 2024 |archive-date=18 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418120615/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iraq-security-blast-soleimani-analysi/u-s-killing-of-irans-second-most-powerful-man-risks-regional-conflagration-idUSKBN1Z21TJ/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxaa [[Assassination of Qasem Soleimani|dilay Maraykanka]], taas oo kordhisay [[Iran–United States relations|xiisadda u dhaxeysa labada dhinac]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roelants&quot;&gt;Carolien Roelants, khabiir ku xeel dheer Iiraan ee ''[[NRC Handelsblad]]'', dooddii ka dhacday ''[[Buitenhof (TV series)|Buitenhof]]'' ee telefishinka Nederlaan, 5 Janaayo 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Operation Martyr Soleimani|Iiraan waxay uga jawaabtay weerar lagu qaaday saldhigyada cirka ee Maraykanka ee Ciraaq]], kaas oo ahaa weerarkii ugu weynaa ee gantaallada ballistic-ga ah ee abid lagu qaado dad Maraykanka ah;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Never-before-seen video of the attack on Al Asad Airbase |date=28 February 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lGP7hZQuTL0 |access-date=8 January 2024 |language=en |archive-date=23 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223104408/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lGP7hZQuTL0 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 110 ayaa qabay [[Traumatic brain injury|dhaawacyo maskaxda ah]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=109 US troops diagnosed with brain injuries from Iran attack |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/2/10/109-us-troops-diagnosed-with-brain-injuries-from-iran-attack |access-date=7 April 2024 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=en |archive-date=7 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407113740/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/2/10/109-us-troops-diagnosed-with-brain-injuries-from-iran-attack |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Pentagon admits 109 brain injuries in Iran attack |url=https://www.dw.com/en/109-us-service-members-were-injured-in-the-iran-missile-attack/a-52331039 |access-date=7 April 2024 |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]] |language=en |archive-date=7 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407113741/https://www.dw.com/en/109-us-service-members-were-injured-in-the-iran-missile-attack/a-52331039 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Starr |first=Barbara |date=10 February 2020 |title=Over 100 US troops have been diagnosed with traumatic brain injuries following Iran strike |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/10/politics/traumatic-brain-injuries-iran-strike/index.html |access-date=7 April 2024 |publisher=[[CNN]] |language=en |archive-date=7 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407113740/https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/10/politics/traumatic-brain-injuries-iran-strike/index.html |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 8-dii Janaayo, [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]] ee Iiraan ayaa soo riday diyaaraddii [[Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752]], iyadoo dishay 176 rayid ah, taas oo horseeday [[Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 protests|mudaaharaadyo dalka oo dhan ka dhacay]]. Baaritaan caalami ah ayaa keenay in dawladdu ay qirato in gantaal dhulka laga rido lagu soo riday diyaaradda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-crash/ukrainian-airplane-with-180-aboard-crashes-in-iran-fars-idUSKBN1Z70EL |title=Ukrainian airplane with 180 aboard crashes in Iran: Fars |date=8 January 2020 |work=Reuters |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200108035747/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-crash/ukrainian-airplane-with-180-aboard-crashes-in-iran-fars-idUSKBN1Z70EL |archive-date=8 January 2020 |access-date=8 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-51077788 |work=BBC |title=Demands for justice after Iran's plane admission |date=11 January 2020 |access-date=11 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Muxaafidka adag ee [[Ebrahim Raisi]] ayaa laga adkaaday doorashadii madaxtinimo ee 2017, laakiin wuxuu mar kale isu taagay [[2021 Iranian presidential election|doorashadii 2021]], isagoo beddelay Rouhani.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Motamedi |first1=Maziar |title=Hardliner Raisi elected Iran's new president |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/6/19/raisi-wins-irans-presidential-election-amid-low-turnout |publisher=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=en |archive-date=1 September 2021 |access-date=2 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901094359/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/6/19/raisi-wins-irans-presidential-election-amid-low-turnout |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Muddadii uu Raisi xilka hayay, Iiraan waxay [[Nuclear program of Iran|xoojisay hodminta yuraaniyamka]], waxay hor istaagtay baaritaannada caalamiga ah, waxay ku biirtay SCO iyo BRICS, waxay [[Iran and the Russian invasion of Ukraine|taageertay]] [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|duullaankii Ruushka ee Yukrayn]] waxayna soo celisay xiriirkii ay la lahayd Sacuudi Carabiya. Bishii Abriil 2024, [[Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus|weerarkii cirka ee Israa'iil ee qunsuliyadda Iiraan ee Dimishiq]] ayaa lagu dilay taliye ka tirsan IRGC.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Several killed in Israeli strike on Iranian consulate in Damascus |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/1/several-killed-in-israeli-strike-on-iranian-consulate-in-damascus-reports |access-date=1 May 2024 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=en |archive-date=30 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240430180537/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/1/several-killed-in-israeli-strike-on-iranian-consulate-in-damascus-reports |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 April 2024 |title=Israeli strike on Iran's consulate in Syria killed 2 generals and 5 other officers, Iran says |url=https://apnews.com/article/israel-syria-airstrike-iranian-embassy-edca34c52d38c8bc57281e4ebf33b240 |access-date=1 May 2024 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en |archive-date=19 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419075609/https://apnews.com/article/israel-syria-airstrike-iranian-embassy-edca34c52d38c8bc57281e4ebf33b240 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iiraan waxay [[April 2024 Iranian strikes on Israel|uga jawaabtay]] iyadoo u adeegsatay [[Unmanned aerial vehicle|UAVs]], [[Cruise missile|gantaallada cruise-ka]] iyo [[ballistic missile|ballistic-ga]]; 9 ka mid ah ayaa ku dhacay Israa'iil.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Jack Dutton |date=15 April 2024 |title=How Iran's attack on Israel is disrupting air traffic |url=https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2024/04/how-irans-attack-israel-disrupting-air-traffic |access-date=1 May 2024 |language=en |archive-date=1 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501174027/https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2024/04/how-irans-attack-israel-disrupting-air-traffic |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Toossi |first=Sina |date=2 May 2024 |title=Iran Has Defined Its Red Line With Israel |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/04/18/iran-has-defined-its-red-line-with-israel/ |access-date=1 May 2024 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US |archive-date=1 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501174027/https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/04/18/iran-has-defined-its-red-line-with-israel/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=14 April 2024 |title=What was in wave of Iranian attacks and how were they thwarted? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68811273 |access-date=1 May 2024 |language=en-GB |archive-date=14 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240414091527/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68811273 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay ahayd weerarkii diyaaradaha aan duuliyaha lahayn ee ugu weynaa taariikhda,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The largest drone attack in history |url=http://iranpress.com/aliaspage/277652 |access-date=1 May 2024 |website= |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; weerarkii gantaallada ee ugu weynaa taariikhda Iiraan,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Motamedi |first=Maziar |title='True Promise': Why and how did Iran launch a historic attack on Israel? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/14/true-promise-why-and-how-did-iran-launch-a-historic-attack-on-israel |access-date=1 May 2024 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=en |archive-date=14 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240414145020/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/14/true-promise-why-and-how-did-iran-launch-a-historic-attack-on-israel |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; weerarkeedii ugu horreeyay ee toos ah oo ay ku qaaddo Israa'iil&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 April 2024 |title=Iran launches first-ever direct attack on Israel |url=https://abc7ny.com/israel-gaza-live-updates-iran-launches-dozens-of-drones-in-retaliatory-strike/14656640/ |access-date=1 May 2024 |website=ABC7 New York |language=en |archive-date=1 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501174027/https://abc7ny.com/israel-gaza-live-updates-iran-launches-dozens-of-drones-in-retaliatory-strike/14656640/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 April 2024 |title=How Israel could respond to Iran's drone and missile assault |url=https://www.france24.com/en/middle-east/20240418-how-israel-could-respond-to-iran-s-drone-and-missile-assault |access-date=1 May 2024 |publisher=[[France 24]] |language=en |archive-date=1 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501174029/https://www.france24.com/en/middle-east/20240418-how-israel-could-respond-to-iran-s-drone-and-missile-assault |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo markii ugu horreysay [[1991 Iraqi missile attacks against Israel|tan iyo 1991]] oo Israa'iil ay si toos ah u weerarto dawlad.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Johny |first=Stanly |date=14 April 2024 |title=By attacking Israel, Iran turns shadow war into direct conflict |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/analysis-three-takeaways-from-irans-attack-on-israel/article68064678.ece |access-date=1 May 2024 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=14 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240414203401/https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/analysis-three-takeaways-from-irans-attack-on-israel/article68064678.ece |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Maajo 2024, Raisi waxaa lagu dilay [[2024 Varzaqan helicopter crash|shil helicopter]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Who died alongside Iran's President Raisi in the helicopter crash? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/5/20/who-died-alongside-irans-president-raisi-in-the-helicopter-crash |publisher=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=en |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=2 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519213002/https://apnews.com/article/helicopter-iran-raisi-crash-azerbaijan-3ef9fe5772fb06f6d9dcc371b115923f |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iiraanna waxay qabatay [[2024 Iranian presidential election|doorasho madaxtinimo]], markaas oo isbeddel-doonkii iyo wasiirkii hore ee [[Ministry of Health and Medical Education|Wasaaradda Caafimaadka]], [[Masoud Pezeshkian]], la doortay.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 July 2024 |title=Masoud Pezeshkian, a heart surgeon who rose to power in parliament, now Iran's president-elect |url=https://apnews.com/article/iran-presidential-runoff-election-masoud-pezeshkian-profile-a07e9921fa8c25b1a05333e128c03916 |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last1=Fassihi |first1=Farnaz |last2=Vinograd |first2=Cassandra |date=6 July 2024 |title=Reformist Candidate Wins Iran's Presidential Election |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/05/world/middleeast/iran-election-reformist-wins.html |access-date=6 July 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=6 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706034614/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/05/world/middleeast/iran-election-reformist-wins.html |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Oktoobar, Iiraan waxay [[October 2024 Iranian strikes on Israel|ridday]] 180 gantaallada ballistic-ga ah oo ku wajahan Israa'iil si looga aarguto dilalkii [[Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh|Ismail Haniyeh]], [[2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike|Hassan Nasrallah]] iyo [[Abbas Nilforoushan]]. Israa'iil waxay [[October 2024 Israeli strikes on Iran|weerartay]] goobo milatari oo Iiraan ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=What we know about Israel's attack on Iran |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgr0yvrx4qpo |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-date=27 October 2024 |access-date=31 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241027231243/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgr0yvrx4qpo |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Maajo 2025, xukuumadda Iiraan waxay amar ku bixisay [[2025 Afghan deportation from Iran|masaafurin ballaaran]] oo lagu sameynayo qiyaastii afar milyan oo [[Afghan diaspora|muhaajiriin Afgaanistaan ah]] iyo qaxooti ku nool Iiraan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Iran tells millions of Afghans to leave or face arrest on day of deadline |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/7/6/iran-tells-millions-of-afghans-to-leave-or-face-arrest-on-day-of-deadline |publisher=Al Jazeera |date=6 July 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:تقدیم پیام پادشاه عربستان به رهبر انقلاب 07.jpg|thumb|Ayatollah [[Ali Khamenei]] oo ay weheliyaan Wasiirka Gaashaandhigga [[Saudi Arabia]] [[Khalid bin Salman Al Saud|Khalid bin Salman]] iyo Janaraal [[Mohammad Bagheri (general)|Mohammad Bagheri]] 17-kii Abriil 2025]]
Wiiqidda [[Axis of Resistance|xulafada muhiimka ah iyo kooxaha u adeega]] Iiraan tan iyo 2023 waxay ka dhigtay xukuumadda Iiraan mid daciif ah oo go'doon ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Iran's leader hopes America can save his faltering regime |url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2025/05/01/irans-leader-hopes-america-can-save-his-faltering-regime |access-date=25 May 2025 |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |issn=0013-0613}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 December 2024 |title=Iran in a 'position of unprecedented weakness' after the fall of Assad in Syria |url=https://www.france24.com/en/middle-east/20241209-iran-position-unprecedented-weakness-after-fall-of-assad-syria-proxies-hezbollah-middle-east |access-date=25 May 2025 |publisher=[[France 24]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 March 2025 |title=The fall of Assad has exposed the extent of the damage to Iran's axis of resistance |url=https://www.chathamhouse.org/2024/12/fall-assad-has-exposed-extent-damage-irans-axis-resistance |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=Chatham House |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Horraantii 2025, Iiraan waxay si xawli ah u hormarinaysay barnaamijkeeda nukliyeerka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Barnes |first=Joe |date=31 January 2025 |title=Iran 'secretly building nuclear missiles that can hit Europe' |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2025/01/31/iran-nuclear-warhead-europe-revolutionary-guard-north-korea/ |access-date=28 April 2025 |work=The Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dadka falanqeeya waxay ka digeen in dhaqdhaqaaqaas uu dhaafay wax kasta oo qiil rayid ah u yeelan kara.&lt;ref name=&quot;Economist20250128&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |title=Iran's alarming nuclear dash will soon test Donald Trump |url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2025/01/28/irans-alarming-nuclear-dash-will-soon-test-donald-trump |access-date=23 February 2025 |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |issn=0013-0613}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iiraan iyo Maraykanka waxay [[2025–2026 Iran–United States negotiations|bilaabeen wada-xaajoodyo]] heshiis nukliyeer oo cusub ah, laakiin horumarka ayaa istaagay. Bishii Juun, [[International Atomic Energy Agency|IAEA]] waxay ogaatay in Iiraan aysan u hoggaansamin waajibaadkeeda nukliyeerka;&lt;ref name=&quot;Euronews20250612&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=UN nuclear watchdog finds Iran in non-compliance with its obligations |url=https://www.euronews.com/2025/06/12/un-nuclear-watchdog-finds-iran-in-non-compliance-with-nuclear-obligations |access-date=12 June 2025 |website=Euro News |date=12 June 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyadoo taas ka jawaabaysa, Iiraan waxay ku dhawaaqday kicinta xarun hodmin oo cusub.&lt;ref name=&quot;CNN20250612&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last1=Salem |first1=Mostafa |last2=Pleitgen |first2=Frederik |date=12 June 2025 |title=Iran threatens nuclear escalation after UN watchdog board finds it in breach of obligations |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/06/12/middleeast/iran-threatens-nuclear-escalation-iaea-intl |access-date=12 June 2025 |publisher=[[CNN]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 13-kii Juun 2025, Israa'iil waxay weeraro ka bilowday Iiraan oo dhan, iyadoo beegsanaysa xarumaha nukliyeerka ayna dishay xubno sarsare oo ka tirsan hoggaanka milatariga Iiraan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last1=Shotter |first1=James |last2=Sevastopulo |first2=Demetri |last3=England |first3=Andrew |last4=Bozorgmehr |first4=Najmeh |date=13 June 2025 |title=Israel launches air strikes against Iran commanders and nuclear sites |url=https://www.ft.com/content/46b1a363-c805-4800-abbf-6b47b9602ef2 |access-date=13 June 2025 |work=Financial Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last1=Fassihi |first1=Farnaz |last2=Nauman |first2=Qasim |last3=Boxerman |first3=Aaron |last4=Kingsley |first4=Patrick |last5=Bergman |first5=Ronen |date=13 June 2025 |title=Israel Strikes Iran's Nuclear Program, Killing Top Military Officials: Live Updates |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2025/06/12/world/israel-iran-us-nuclear |access-date=13 June 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]] |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iiraan waxay ugu jawaabtay weeraro gantaallo ah, colaadduna waxay keentay [[Twelve-Day War|dagaal toos ah]] oo u dhaxeeya labadooda. 22-kii Juun, [[United States strikes on Iranian nuclear sites|Maraykanka ayaa weeraray xarumaha nukliyeerka ee Iiraan]];&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=22 June 2025 |title=Trump says US has attacked three nuclear sites in Iran |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/jun/21/trump-us-nuclear-strikes-iran |access-date=22 June 2025 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iiraanna waxay [[Iranian strikes on Al Udeid Air Base|weerartay saldhigyada Maraykanka ee Qatar]] taas ka dhalatay. 24-kii Juun, Israa'iil iyo Iiraan waxay ku heshiiyeen xabbad-joojin ka dib markii uu Maraykanku ku adkeeyay.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=23 June 2025 |title=Trump says Iran and Israel agree to a ceasefire |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/trump-says-iran-israel-agree-ceasefire-2025-06-23/ |access-date=23 June 2025 |work=[[Reuters]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-iran-israel-ceasefire-agreement-terms-b5fc5cc8a8c32b4899646130b496798a |title=A whirlwind 48 hours: How Trump's Israel-Iran ceasefire agreement came together |date=24 June 2025 |website=AP News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tan iyo bishii Diseembar 2025, Iiraan waxaa ka jiray [[2025–2026 Iranian protests|mudaaharaadyo ballaaran]] oo ka dhacay magaalooyinka kuwaas oo loogu baaqayo in la rido Jamhuuriyadda Islaamiga ah, taas oo ka dhalatay niyad-jab ku saabsan [[Iranian economic crisis|xiisadda dhaqaale]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last1=Parent |first1=Deepa |last2=Christou |first2=William |date=31 December 2025 |title='We want the mullahs gone': economic crisis sparks biggest protests in Iran since 2022 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/dec/31/we-want-the-mullahs-gone-economic-crisis-sparks-biggest-protests-in-iran-since-2022 |access-date=1 January 2026 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{As of|2026|01|13}}, ''[[Iran International]]'' waxay ku qiyaastay in ugu yaraan 12,000 oo mudaaharaadayaal ah lagu dilay gudaha [[2026 Internet blackout in Iran|xannibaadda internet-ka]], iyadoo ciidamada ammaanka ee dawladdu ay kordhiyeen isticmaalka rasaasta dilaaga ah ee ka dhanka ah mudaaharaadayaasha.&lt;ref name=&quot;2000killed&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=10 January 2026 |title=Mass killings reported as security forces use live fire on Iran protesters |url=https://www.iranintl.com/en/202601103903 |access-date=10 January 2026 |publisher=Iran International}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Sparks |first=John |date=9 January 2026 |title=Iran's leaders facing most serious threat since 1979 revolution |url=https://news.sky.com/story/irans-leaders-facing-most-serious-threat-since-1979-revolution-13492604 |access-date=9 January 2026 |website=Sky News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.iranintl.com/en/202601130145&lt;/ref&gt; {{As of|2026|01|17}}, qiyaasuhu waxay soo jeediyeen in ugu yaraan 16,500 oo qof lagu dilay ku dhawaad 330,000 oo kalena lagu dhaawacay [[2026 Iran massacres|xasuuqyadii Iiraan ee 2026]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lamb |first=Christina |date=17 January 2026 |title=Iran report says 16,500 dead in 'genocide under digital darkness' |url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/middle-east/article/iran-young-protesters-news-nsdztp5t2 |access-date=18 January 2026 |website=The Sunday Times |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

28-kii Febraayo 2026, [[United States|Maraykanka]] iyo [[Israel|Israa'iil]] waxay fuliyeen [[2026 Israeli–United States strikes on Iran|weeraro milatari oo isku dubaridan]] oo ka dhan ah bartilmaameedyo dhowr ah oo ku yaalla Jamhuuriyadda Islaamiga ah ee Iiraan, taas oo muujinaysa kor u kac weyn oo ku yimid xiisadda soo jireenka ah ee u dhaxeysa [[Tehran]] iyo [[Israel–United States relations|isbahaysiga Maraykanka iyo Israa'iil.]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Liptak |first=Kevin |last2=Ebrahim |first2=Nadeen |last3=Liebermann |first3=Oren |date=2026-02-28 |title=US carrying out strikes against Iran, three US officials say |url=https://edition.cnn.com/world/live-news/israel-iran-attack-02-28-26-hnk-intl |access-date=2026-02-28 |work=[[CNN]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyadoo ay socdeen weeraro gantaallo ah oo baaxad leh oo ay Maraykanka iyo Israa'iil ku qaadeen Iiraan qayb ka mid ah [[2026 Israeli–United States strikes on Iran|Operation Epic Fury]], sarkaal Israa'iili ah oo aan magaciisa la sheegin ayaa sheegay in la helay maydka Ali Khamenei. Ma jirin qof si cad u beddelaya Khamenei.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-02-28 |title=What to know about Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei |url=https://apnews.com/article/raw/iran-khamenei-supreme-leader-nuclear-protests-military-487aa76fd32f398f2ca37d316e543760 |access-date=2026-03-01 |website=AP News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Juquraafi ==
{{Main|Juquraafiga Iiraan}}

{{See also|Xuduudaha Iiraan|Beeraha Iiraan|Liiska buuraha Iiraan|Liiska jasiiradaha Iiraan}}
[[File:Iran-geographic map.svg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Geography of Iran#Topography|Topografiyada Iiraan]]]]

Iiraan waxay leedahay bed gaaraya {{convert|1648195|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}. Waa [[List of Asian countries by area|dalka lixaad ee ugu weyn qaaradda Aasiya]] iyo kan labaad ee ugu weyn Galbeedka Aasiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |title=Iran's Strategy in the Strait of Hormuz |url=https://thediplomat.com/2012/07/irans-strategy-in-the-strait-of-hormuz/ |magazine=[[The Diplomat (magazine)|The Diplomat]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208071232/https://thediplomat.com/2012/07/irans-strategy-in-the-strait-of-hormuz/ |archive-date=8 December 2015 |access-date=29 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay dhacdaa inta u dhaxaysa loolka 24° iyo 40° N iyo dhigaha 44° iyo 64° E. Waxay xuduud la leedahay dhanka waqooyi-galbeed [[Armenia]], gobolka go'an ee [[Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic|Nakhchivan]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/azerbaijan/ |title=CIA – The World Factbook |access-date=7 April 2012 |archive-date=27 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127171042/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/azerbaijan/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo Jamhuuriyadda [[Azerbaijan]]; dhanka waqooyi waxaa ka xiga [[Caspian Sea|Badda Casbiya]]; waqooyi-bari [[Turkmenistan]]; bari waxaa ka xiga [[Afghanistan]] iyo Pakistan; koonfur waxaa ka xiga [[Persian Gulf|Khaliijka Faaris]] iyo [[Gulf of Oman|Khaliijka Cumaan]]; dhanka galbeedna [[Iraq]] iyo Turkiga.

Iiraan waxay ku taal aag u nugul dhulgariirka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/which-country-has-most-earthquakes |title=Which country has the most earthquakes? |date=2 May 2010 |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |access-date=22 May 2021 |archive-date=22 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522195818/https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/which-country-has-most-earthquakes |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Celcelis ahaan, dhulgariir cabbirkiisu yahay 7.0 ama ka badan wuxuu dhacaa tobankii sanno mar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.ilna.news/fa/tiny/news-11875 |script-title=fa:هر ده سال، یک زلزله ۷ ریشتری در کشور رخ می‌دهد &amp;#124; خبرگزاری ایلنا |date=13 October 2012 |access-date=5 August 2022 |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328151114/https://www.ilna.ir/بخش-اخبار-47/11875-هر-ده-سال-یک |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Inta badan dhulgariirradu waa kuwo gacmeed ah (shallow-focus), waxayna keeni karaan burbur weyn, sida [[2003 Bam earthquake|dhulgariirkii Bam ee 2003]]. Iiraan waxay u badan tahay [[Iranian Plateau|Dhul-sareedka Iiraan]], iyadoo qaybteeda koonfur-galbeed ay saaran tahay [[Arabian plate|huurada Carabta]]. Waa mid ka mid ah dalalka ugu buuraha badan adduunka; muuqaalkeeda waxaa u badan silsilado buuro ah oo kala sooca dooxooyinka ama dhul-sareedyada. Galbeedka Iiraan oo dadku ku badan yahay ayaa ah meesha ugu buuraha badan, waxaana ku yaal silsilado ay ka mid yihiin [[Caucasus Mountains|Caucasus]], [[Zagros Mountains|Zagros]], iyo [[Alborz]]. [[Mount Damavand]] waa halka ugu sarreysa dalka, jooggeedu waa {{convert|5610|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, waana foolkaanooyinka ugu sarreeya Aasiya. Buuraha Iiraan waxay saameyn ku lahaayeen siyaasadda iyo dhaqaalaha dalkaas muddo qarniyo ah.

Waqooyiga Iiraan waxaa qariyay dhul-daaqsimeedka doogga ah ee [[Hyrcanian forests|kaymaha Hyrcanian]], oo u dhow xeebaha koonfureed ee Badda Casbiya. Dhanka bari wuxuu u badan yahay dooxooyin saxare ah, sida [[Dasht-e Kavir|Saxaraha Kavir]], oo ah saxaraha ugu weyn dalka, iyo [[Dasht-e Loot|Saxaraha Lut]], iyo sidoo kale harooyin cusbo leh. Saxaraha Lut waa meesha ugu kulul ee laga diiwaan geliyay dusha sare ee dhulka, iyadoo 70.7 °C laga diiwaan geliyay sannadkii 2005.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 November 2009 |title=The 5 Hottest Deserts in the World |url=https://www.mapquest.com/travel/survival/wilderness/5-hottest-deserts-on-earth.htm |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=MapQuest Travel |language=en-us |archive-date=31 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231121804/https://www.mapquest.com/travel/survival/wilderness/5-hottest-deserts-on-earth.htm |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bannaanlo ballaaran ayaa laga helaa xeebaha Casbiya iyo cirifka waqooyi ee Khaliijka Faaris, halkaas oo Iiraan ay xuduud ka leedahay webiga [[Shatt al-Arab|Arvand]]. Bannaanlo yaryar oo aan isku xirneyn ayaa ku yaal inta kale ee xeebta Khaliijka Faaris, [[Strait of Hormuz|Marinka Hormuz]], iyo Khaliijka Cumaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Geography {{!}} Iranian Student Organization (IrSO) |url=https://www.unl.edu/irso/geography |access-date=28 January 2024 |website= |archive-date=28 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240128122610/https://www.unl.edu/irso/geography |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Cimilada ===
{{main|Cimilada Iiraan}}

[[File:Koppen-Geiger Map IRN present.svg|thumb|Khariidadda [[Köppen climate classification|noocyada cimilada]] ee Iiraan]]
Cimilada Iiraan waa mid kala duwan, laga bilaabo [[Desert climate|engeg]] iyo [[semi-arid climate|nus-engeg]], ilaa [[subtropics|kuleyl-xigeen]] ka jira xeebta Casbiya iyo kaymaha waqooyiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;HaftlangLang2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author1=Kiyanoosh Kiyani Haftlang |author2=Kiyānūsh Kiyānī Haft Lang |title=The Book of Iran: A Survey of the Geography of Iran |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gecy7sqblqoC&amp;pg=PA17 |year=2003 |publisher=Alhoda UK |isbn=978-964-94491-3-5 |page=17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cirifka waqooyi ee Iiraan, heerkulku dhif iyo naadir ayuu hoos ugu dhacaa dhibicda barafka (freezing), aaggaasna waa mid qoyan. Heerkulka xagaaga dhif ayuu ka sarreeyaa {{convert|29|°C|°F|1}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://weather-and-climate.com/average-monthly-Rainfall-Temperature-Sunshine-in-Iran |title=Weather and Climate: Iran, average monthly Rainfall, Sunshine, Temperature, Humidity, Wind Speed |newspaper=World Weather and Climate Information |access-date=29 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150922105410/https://weather-and-climate.com/average-monthly-Rainfall-Temperature-Sunshine-in-Iran |archive-date=22 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Roobka sannadlaha ah waa {{convert|680|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} bannaanada bari iyo in ka badan {{convert|1700|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} dhanka galbeed. Isku-duwaha Qaramada Midoobay ee Iiraan ayaa sheegay in &quot;[[Water scarcity|Biyo-yaraantu]] ay tahay caqabadda ugu weyn ee xagga amniga bini'aadamka ee maanta ka jirta Iiraan&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://news.yahoo.com/farming-reforms-offer-hope-irans-water-crisis-131227395.html |title=Farming reforms offer hope for Iran's water crisis |last1=Moghtader |first1=Michelle |date=3 August 2014 |agency=[[Reuters]] |access-date=4 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140807031853/http://news.yahoo.com/farming-reforms-offer-hope-irans-water-crisis-131227395.html |archive-date=7 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhanka galbeed, deegaannada ku yaal dooxada Zagros waxay leeyihiin heerkul hoose iyo qaboobeyaal adag, oo leh baraf culus. Dooxooyinka bari iyo kuwa dhexe waa engeg, roobkuna wuxuu ka yaryahay {{convert|200|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}. Heerkulka xagaaga ee celceliska ah wuxuu gaari karaa {{convert|38|°C|1}}. Bannaanada xeebaha koonfureed ee Khaliijka Faaris iyo Khaliijka Cumaan waxay leeyihiin qaboobeyaal dhexdhexaad ah, iyo xagaayo aad u qoyan oo kulul. Roobka sannadlaha ah wuxuu u dhaxeeyaa {{convert|135|to|355|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;Nagarajan2010&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=R. Nagarajan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x1505bxl0EkC&amp;pg=PA383 |title=Drought Assessment |publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media |year=2010 |isbn=978-90-481-2500-5 |page=383}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kala-duwanaanshaha Noolaha ===
{{See also|Duurjoogta Iiraan|Liiska jardiinooyinka qaranka Iiraan|Kaymaha Iiraan}}

[[File:Persian Leopard sitting.jpg|thumb|[[Persian leopard|Libaax-badhka Faaris]], oo u dhashay [[Iranian Plateau|Dhul-sareedka Iiraan]]]]
Ku dhowaad 60% Iiraan waa buuraley, in ka yar 10% na waa kaymo. Qiyaastii 120 milyan oo hektar oo kaymo iyo beero ah ayaa dawladdu leedahay. Kaymaha Iiraan waxaa loo qaybin karaa shan goobood: gobolka Hyrcanian oo ka kooban suunka cagaaran ee dhanka waqooyi; gobolka [[Turan]], oo u badan kuwo ku kala firirsan bartamaha Iiraan; gobolka [[Zagros Mountains|Zagros]], oo u badan kaymo geed-ballood (oak) ah dhanka galbeed; gobolka Khaliijka Faaris, oo ku kala firirsan suunka xeebta koonfureed; iyo gobolka [[Arasbaran|Arasbarani]], oo ay ku jiraan noocyo dhif ah. In ka badan 8,200 oo nooc oo [[plant|dhir]] ah ayaa ka baxa. Waxaa jira in ka badan 200 oo aag oo la ilaaliyo si loo dhowro duurjoogta, iyadoo in ka badan 30 ay yihiin [[national park|jardiinooyin qaran]].

Duurjoogta Iiraan waxaa ka mid ah 34 nooc oo fiidmeerta ah, [[Indian grey mongoose|shabeel-biyeedka Hindida]], [[golden jackal|dawaco-cas]], [[Indian wolf|yeyda]], [[fox|dawacooyinka]], [[striped hyena|waraabaha xariijimaha leh]], [[leopard|shabeelka]], [[brown bear|madax-madowga]] iyo [[Asian black bear|oromada madow ee Aasiya]]. Noocyada [[Ungulate|xayawaanka qofka leh]] waxaa ka mid ah [[wild boar|doofaarka duurka]], [[red deer|deerada cas]], iyo [[goitered gazelle|deerada goitered]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Fast2005&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=April Fast |title=Iran: The Land |url=https://archive.org/details/iranland0000fast |year=2005 |publisher=Crabtree Publishing Company |isbn=978-0-7787-9315-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Asiatic cheetah|Shabeelka Aasiya]] ee khatarta weyn ugu jira dabar-goynta wuxuu ku haray oo kaliya Iiraan. Iiraan waxay weysay dhamaan [[Asiatic lion|libaaxyadii Aasiya]] iyo [[Caspian tiger|shabeel-dharihii Casbiya]] horraantii qarnigii 20-aad. Iiraan waxay hoy u tahay in ka badan 570 nooc oo shimbiraha ah sida [[pheasant]], [[partridge]], [[stork]], [[eagle|gorgorka]] iyo [[falcon|shaqrada]].

== Dawladda iyo Siyaasadda ==
{{Main|Dawladda Iiraan|Siyaasadda Iiraan}}

=== Hoggaamiyaha Sare ===
{{Main|Hoggaamiyaha Sare ee Iiraan}}

{{Multiple image
| direction         = horizontal
| align             = right
| caption_align     = center
| total_width       = 320
| image1            = Emblem of Iran.svg
| image2            = Masoud Pezeshkian 2025 (cropped).jpg
| image3            = Mohammad Reza Aref, July 2025 (cropped).jpg
| caption1          = ''Bannaan''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;[[Supreme Leader of Iran|Hoggaamiyaha Sare]] &lt;/small&gt;
| caption2          = [[Masoud Pezeshkian]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;[[President of Iran|Madaxweynaha]] &lt;/small&gt;
| caption3          = [[Mohammad Reza Aref]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;[[Vice President of Iran|Madaxweyne ku-xigeenka]] &lt;/small&gt;
}}

[[File:Ayatollah Ali Khamenei met with Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif 1404-3-10.jpg|thumb|Hoggaamiyaha Sare Ayatollah [[Ali Khamenei]] oo la jooga Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Pakistan [[Shehbaz Sharif]] 26-kii May 2025]]
Hoggaamiyaha Sare,{{efn|{{langx|fa|رهبر معظم|Rahbar-e Moazam}}}} ama ''Rahbar'', waa [[head of state|madaxa dawladda]] waana qofka mas'uulka ka ah kormeerka siyaasadda. Madaxweynuhu wuxuu leeyahay awood xaddidan marka loo eego ''Rahbar''. Wasiiro muhiim ah ayaa lagu soo doortaa heshiiska ''Rahbar'', kaas oo leh go'aanka ugu dambeeya ee siyaasadda dibadda.&lt;ref name=&quot;reuters.com&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=8 January 2018 |title=In jab at rivals, Rouhani says Iran protests about more than economy |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-rallies-rouhani/in-jab-at-hardliners-rouhani-says-iran-protests-were-not-only-economic-idUSKBN1EX0S9 |newspaper=[[Reuters]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Rahbar'' wuxuu si toos ah ugu lug leeyahay magacaabista wasiirrada gaashaandhigga, sirdoonka iyo arrimaha dibadda.

''Rahbar'' wuxuu si toos ah u xukumaa siyaasadda gobolka. Safiirada loo diro dalalka Carabta, tusaale ahaan, waxaa soo doorta [[Quds Force|Ciidanka Quds]], kuwaas oo si toos ah ugu warbixiya Rahbar.&lt;ref name=&quot;english.aawsat.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Al-awsat |first=Asharq |date=25 September 2017 |title=Khamenei Orders New Supervisory Body to Curtail Government |url=https://english.aawsat.com/amir-taheri/features/khamenei-orders-new-supervisory-body-curtail-government}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Rahbar'' wuxuu amri karaa in sharciyada la beddelo. [[Execution of Imam Khomeini's Order|Setad]], oo ah shirkad dawladu leedahay oo hoos timaada ''Rahbar'', ayaa lagu qiimeeyay $95 bilyan sannadkii 2013, xisaabaadkeeduna waa sir xitaa [[Iranian parliament|baarlamaanka]] laguma soo bandhigo.

''Rahbar'' waa [[commander-in-chief|taliyaha guud]] ee [[Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran|Ciidanka Qalabka Sida]], wuxuu xukumaa sirdoonka milatariga iyo hawlgallada amniga, wuxuuna leeyahay awoodda kaliya ee uu ku iclaamin karo dagaal ama nabad. ''Rahbar'' wuxuu sidoo kale magacaabaa madaxda garsoorka, shabakadaha raadiyaha iyo telefishinka dawladda, taliyayaasha booliska iyo milatariga, iyo xubnaha [[Guardian Council|Golaha Ilaalada]].

[[Assembly of Experts|Golaha Khubarada]] ayaa mas'uul ka ah doorashada ''Rahbar'' waxayna leeyihiin awood ay xilka kaga qaadaan. Ilaa iyo hadda, Golaha Khubarada ma tartamin go'aan kasta oo ''Rahbar'' uu gaaray, ismana isku dayin inay xilka ka qaadaan. Qaar badan ayaa raba inay aamminsan yihiin in Golaha Khubarada uu noqday gole maamuus oo kaliya oo aan lahayn awood dhab ah.

Nidaamka siyaasadeed wuxuu ku saleysan yahay [[Constitution of Iran|dastuurka dalka]]. Sida laga soo xigtay tusmooyinka caalamiga ah, Iiraan waxay ku jirtaa heer hoose xagga cabbirada dimuqraadiyadda, gaar ahaan sinnaanta ragga iyo haweenka, xorriyadda ururrada, iyo xorriyadda hadalka.

=== Madaxweynaha ===
{{Main|Madaxweynaha Iiraan}}

[[File:Presidential Administration of Iran building.jpg|thumb|Albaabka laga galo madaxtooyada Iiraan, halkaas oo golaha wasiiradu ku kulmaan]]
Madaxweynuhu waa [[head of government|madaxa xukuumadda]] iyo maamulka labaad ee ugu sarreeya Hoggaamiyaha Sare ka dib. Madaxweynaha waxaa lagu soo doortaa [[universal suffrage|codbixin guud]] muddo 4 sanno ah. Doorashada ka hor, musharraxiinta waa inay oggolaansho ka helaan [[Guardian Council|Golaha Ilaalada]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 June 2024 |title=Council of Guardians {{!}} Definition, Role, Selection, &amp; History |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Council-of-Guardians |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Madaxweynaha waxaa dib loo dooran karaa hal mar oo kaliya. Madaxweynuhu waa guddoomiyaha [[Supreme National Security Council|Golaha Amniga Qaranka]], wuxuuna leeyahay awood uu ku iclaamiyo [[state of emergency|xaalad degdeg ah]] ka dib marka baarlamaanku ansixiyo.

Madaxweynuhu wuxuu mas'uul ka yahay dhaqangelinta dastuurka iyo fulinta go'aannada iyo siyaasadaha guud ee uu qeexay ''Rahbar'', marka laga reebo arrimaha si toos ah ugu xiran ''Rahbar''. Madaxweynuhu wuxuu magacaabaa wasiirrada, iyadoo ay ku xiran tahay ansixinta Baarlamaanka iyo ''Rahbar'', kaas oo eryi kara ama dib u soo celin kara wasiir kasta. Sideed madaxweyne ku-xigeen ayaa hoos timaada madaxweynaha, iyo sidoo kale gole wasiirro oo ka kooban 22 wasiir.

=== Golaha Ilaalada ===
{{Main|Golaha Ilaalada}}

Musharraxiinta madaxweynaha iyo baarlamaanka waa in ay ansixiyaan 12-ka xubnood ee Golaha Ilaalada (dhammaan xubnahooda waxaa magacaaba Hoggaamiyaha Sare) ka hor inta aysan u tartamin xilka si loo xaqiijiyo daacadnimadooda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=Chibli Mallat |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5oB4_tohQegC |title=The Renewal of Islamic Law |date=2004 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hoggaamiyaha Sare wuxuu ka noqon karaa go'aannada Golaha Ilaalada.

Dastuurku wuxuu siinayaa golaha saddex waajibaad: awoodda diidmada (veto) ee sharciyada uu soo saaro [[Majlis of Iran|baarlamaanka]], kormeerka doorashooyinka, iyo ansixinta ama ka saarista musharraxiinta u tartamaya doorashooyinka maxalliga ah, baarlamaanka, madaxtooyada, ama Golaha Khubarada. Goluhu wuxuu burin karaa sharci kasta haddii uu ka soo horjeedo [[sharia|shariicada Islaamka]] ama dastuurka.
=== Ciidanka ===
{{Main|Military history of Iran}}

[[File:Sejjil missile launch - November 2008 (21).jpg|thumb|upright=.7|[[Medium-range ballistic missile|MRBM]] [[Sejjil]]. Iiraan waa quwadda 6-aad ee [[Ballistic missile|gantaalaha]] adduunka, waana dalka 5-aad ee caalamka ee leh farsamada [[Hypersonic missile|gantaalaha haaybarsanik-ga]]]]

Ciidanka waxaa loo qaabeeyey qaab midaysan, kaas oo ah [[Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces]], oo ka kooban [[Islamic Republic of Iran Army]], oo ay ku jiraan [[Islamic Republic of Iran Army Ground Forces|Ciidanka Dhulka]], [[Islamic Republic of Iran Air Defense Force|Ciidanka Difaaca Cirka]], [[Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force|Ciidanka Cirka]], iyo [[Islamic Republic of Iran Navy|Ciidanka Badda]]; iyo [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]], oo ka kooban [[Islamic Republic of Iran Revolutionary Guard Corps Ground Forces|Ciidanka Dhulka]], [[Islamic Republic of Iran Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force|Ciidanka Hawada Sare]], [[Islamic Republic of Iran Revolutionary Guard Corps Navy|Ciidanka Badda]], [[Quds Force]], iyo [[Basij]]; iyo sidoo kale [[Police Command of the Islamic Republic of Iran|Taliska Booliska]] (Faraja), kaas oo qabta shaqo u dhiganta [[Gendarmerie|jandarmaari]]. In kasta oo IRIAF ay ilaaliso madaxbannaanida dalka qaab dhaqameed, IRGC waxaa loo xilsaaray inay sugto hufnaanta Jamhuuriyadda kana hortagto faragelinta shisheeye, afgembiyaasha, iyo rabshadaha gudaha.&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7064353.stm &quot;Profile: Iran's Revolutionary Guards&quot;] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081227172931/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7064353.stm|date=27 December 2008}}. [[BBC News]]. 18 October 2009.&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2019, Mareykanka oo uu hoggaaminayo [[Donald Trump|Madaxweyne Donald Trump]] ayaa si rasmi ah ugu calaamadiyay Ilaalada Kacaanka urur argagixiso shisheeye. Waa markii ugu horreysay oo qayb ka mid ah dawlad shisheeye loo aqoonsado urur argagixiso.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-to-designate-iranian-guard-corps-a-foreign-terrorist-organization-11554499401|title=U.S. to Designate Iranian Guard Corps a Foreign Terror Group|last1=Gordon|first1=Michael R.|date=5 April 2019|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=7 April 2019|last2=Strobel|first2=Warren P.|language=en-US|issn=0099-9660|last3=Youssef|first3=Nancy A.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/04/label-iran-revolutionary-guard-corps-terrorist-group-190406061535338.html|title=US 'to label Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps a terrorist group'|website=www.aljazeera.com|access-date=7 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Conscription in Iran|Tan iyo 1925]], dhammaan muwaadiniinta labka ah ee jira 18 sano waa inay u adeegaan qiyaastii 14 bilood IRIAF ama IRGC.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 March 2024 |script-title=fa:اخبار سیاسی ۲۶ اسفند؛ کمک رهبرانقلاب به زندانیان نیازمند/تایید کاهش مدت سربازی |url=https://www.isna.ir/news/1402122618464/اخبار-سیاسی-۲۶-اسفند-کمک-رهبرانقلاب-به-زندانیان-نیازمند-تایید |access-date=16 March 2024 |website= |language=fa |archive-date=16 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240316122351/https://www.isna.ir/news/1402122618464/اخبار-سیاسی-۲۶-اسفند-کمک-رهبرانقلاب-به-زندانیان-نیازمند-تایید |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 March 2024 |script-title=fa:تایید مصوبه کاهش مدت سربازی در شورای نگهبان |url=https://www.ekhtebar.ir/تایید-مصوبه-کاهش-مدت-سربازی-در-شورای-نگ/ |access-date=16 March 2024 |website= |language=fa-IR |archive-date=16 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240316171553/https://www.ekhtebar.ir/تایید-مصوبه-کاهش-مدت-سربازی-در-شورای-نگ/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Iiraan waxay leedahay in ka badan 610,000 oo askari oo firfircoon iyo qiyaastii 350,000 oo kayd ah, taas oo ka dhigan ugu yaraan in ka badan hal milyan oo shaqaale ciidan ah, waana mid ka mid ah [[List of countries by number of military and paramilitary personnel|boqolleyda ugu sarreysa ee muwaadiniinta leh tababarka ciidan]] ee adduunka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hussain |first=Murtaza |title=Why war with Iran would spell disaster |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2012/9/12/why-war-with-iran-would-spell-disaster |access-date=15 March 2024 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=en |archive-date=29 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229012940/https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2012/9/12/why-war-with-iran-would-spell-disaster |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Jones |first1=Seth G. |chapter=Regular Military Power |pages=19–27 |jstor=resrep29480.7 |jstor-access=free |title=Containing Tehran: Understanding Iran's Power and Exploiting Its Vulnerabilities |date=2020 |publisher=Center for Strategic and International Studies |isbn=978-1-4422-8149-3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Basij, oo ah maleeshiyo iskaa wax u qabso ah oo ka tirsan IRGC, waxay leedahay in ka badan 20 milyan oo xubnood, kuwaas oo 600,000 ay diyaar u yihiin u yeeritaan degdeg ah, 300,000 oo kayd ah, iyo hal milyan oo la abaabuli karo markii loo baahdo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |script-title=fa:ارتش بیست میلیونی |url=http://www.imam-khomeini.ir/fa/n151194/ارتش_بیست_میلیونی |access-date=15 March 2024 |website= |archive-date=15 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240315102527/http://www.imam-khomeini.ir/fa/n151194/ارتش_بیست_میلیونی |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Faraja, oo ah ciidanka booliska ee Iiraan, waxay leedahay in ka badan 260,000 oo shaqaale firfircoon. Inta badan hay'adaha tirakoobka kuma daraan Basij iyo Faraja warbixinadooda qiimeynta.

Iiraan waxay ku jirtaa kaalinta 7-aad ee tirada ciidamada firfircoon&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author=Sinéad Baker |author2=Thibault Spirlet |title=The world's most powerful militaries in 2023, ranked |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/ranked-world-most-powerful-militaries-2023-firepower-us-china-russia-2023-5 |access-date=28 December 2023 |website=[[Business Insider]] |language=en-US |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224124226/https://www.businessinsider.com/ranked-world-most-powerful-militaries-2023-firepower-us-china-russia-2023-5 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo kaalinta 9-aad ee baaxadda ciidamada dhulka iyo kuwa gaashaaman. Ciidamada qalabka sida ee Iiraan ayaa ah kuwa ugu weyn Galbeedka Aasiya, waxayna ka kooban yihiin raxan diyaaradaha qumman ee ugu weyn Bariga Dhexe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=General Ghorbani: Iran helicopter fleet, strongest in Middle East |url=http://iranpress.com/aliaspage/7560 |access-date=24 December 2023 |website=Iran Press |language=en |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224125731/https://iranpress.com/aliaspage/7560 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iiraan waxay ka mid tahay 15-ka waddan ee ugu sarreeya dhinaca miisaaniyadda ciidanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 April 2022 |title=Iran Boosts Military Budget To Stand Among Top 15 |url=https://www.iranintl.com/en/202204261827 |access-date=10 December 2023 |website=Iran International |archive-date=10 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210121648/https://www.iranintl.com/en/202204261827 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2021, kharashka milatariga ayaa kordhay markii ugu horreysay muddo afar sano ah, isagoo gaaray $24.6 bilyan, taas oo ah 2.3% wax soo saarka guud ee dalka (GDP).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 December 2023 |title=Iran Military Spending=Defense Budget 1960–2023 |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/IRN/iran/military-spending-defense-budget |access-date=10 December 2023 |website=Macrotrends |archive-date=10 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210121648/https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/IRN/iran/military-spending-defense-budget |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tan iyo kacaankii Islaamiga ahaa, si ay uga gudubto cunaqabateynta dibadda, Iiraan waxay horumarisay warshado milatari oo gudaha ah oo awood u leh inay soo saaraan [[tank]]-yo, [[armoured personnel carrier|gaadiidka gaashaaman ee ciidanka]], [[missile|gantaalo]], [[submarine|maraakiibta quusta]], [[Iranian frigate Jamaran|markabka gantaalaha xambaara]], nidaamyada [[radar]]-ka, [[helicopter|diyaaradaha qumman]], [[Navy|maraakiibta dagaalka]], iyo [[fighter aircraft|diyaaradaha dagaalka]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AskariMohseni2010&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author1=Hossein Askari |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GxdtLyJZxDUC&amp;pg=PA93 |title=The Militarization of the Persian Gulf: An Economic Analysis |author2=Amin Mohseni |author3=Shahrzad Daneshvar |publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-84980-186-7 |page=93}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sidaas darteed, Iiraan waxay leedahay arsenal-ka ugu weyn uguna kala duwan ee [[ballistic missile|gantaalaha balastikada]] ee Bariga Dhexe, waana dalka 5-aad ee adduunka ee leh farsamada [[Hypersonic missile|gantaalaha haaybarsanik-ga]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Motamedi |first=Maziar |date=6 June 2023 |title=Fattah: Iran unveils its first hypersonic missile |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/6/6/fattah-iran-unveils-its-first-hypersonic-missile |publisher=[[Al Jazeera]] |access-date=6 December 2023 |archive-date=6 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606223808/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/6/6/fattah-iran-unveils-its-first-hypersonic-missile |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iiraan waxay sidoo kale naqshadaysaa oo soo saartaa noocyo kala duwan oo [[unmanned aerial vehicle|diyaaradaha aan duuliyaha lahayn]] (UAV). Sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah shanta waddan ee adduunka ee leh awoodda [[cyberwarfare|dagaalka internetka]].

=== Barnaamijka Nukliyeerka ===
{{Main|Nuclear program of Iran}}

Barnaamijka nukliyeerka ee Iiraan wuxuu soo bilaabmay 1950-meeyadii.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 January 2007 |title=An atomic threat made in America |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/nation-world/chi-061209atoms-day1-story-htmlstory.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405050620/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-061209atoms-day1-story,0,2034260.htmlstory |archive-date=5 April 2014 |access-date=28 December 2023 |website=[[Chicago Tribune]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iiraan waxay dib u soo noolaysay kacaankii Islaamiga ka dib, barnaamijkeeda kobcinta nukliyeerka wuxuu noqday mawduuc laga yeesho wada xaajoodyo caalami ah oo xooggan iyo cunaqabateyn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 February 2012 |title=Iran's Nuclear Program – Council on Foreign Relations |work=Council on Foreign Relations |url=http://www.cfr.org/iran/irans-nuclear-program/p16811 |access-date=1 May 2024 |archive-date=20 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220182315/http://www.cfr.org/iran/irans-nuclear-program/p16811}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2015, Iiraan iyo [[P5+1]] waxay ku heshiiyeen [[Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action|Heshiiska Nukliyeerka]], ujeedkiisuna ahaa in la soo afjaro cunaqabateynta dhaqaale beddelkeedana la xaddido soo saarista [[enriched uranium|yuraaniyamka la kobciyey]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran Deal |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/node/328996 |access-date=1 May 2024 |website=The White House |language=en |archive-date=27 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427112948/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/node/328996 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Si kasta ha ahaatee, 2018-kii, [[United States withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action|Mareykanka ayaa isaga baxay]] heshiiska intii uu jiray maamulkii Trump, waxaana dib loogu soo rogay cunaqabateyn. Tan waxaa kala kulmay iska caabin Iiraan iyo xubnaha kale ee P5+1.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fox |first=Kara |date=8 May 2018 |title=European leaders 'disappointed' in Trump's withdrawal from Iran deal |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/08/europe/iran-deal-world-leaders-react/index.html |access-date=1 May 2024 |publisher=[[CNN]] |language=en |archive-date=1 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501174028/https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/08/europe/iran-deal-world-leaders-react/index.html |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanad ka dib, Iiraan waxay bilowday inay dhimto u hoggaansanaanteeda heshiiska. Markay ahayd 2020, Iiraan waxay ku dhawaaqday inaysan dhowri doonin wax xaddidid ah oo uu dhigayo heshiisku.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 January 2020 |title=Iran abandons enrichment limits in further step back from nuclear deal |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20200105-iran-abandons-enrichment-limits-in-further-step-back-from-nuclear-deal |access-date=1 May 2024 |publisher=[[France 24]] |language=en |archive-date=1 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501174027/https://www.france24.com/en/20200105-iran-abandons-enrichment-limits-in-further-step-back-from-nuclear-deal |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Guulaha tan iyo markaas laga gaaray waxay Iiraan keeneen meel u dhow heerka loogu yeero [[Nuclear latency|marinka nukliyeerka]].

=== Saamaynta Gobolka ===
{{Main|Iranian influence in Lebanon|Iranian intervention in the Syrian civil war|Iranian intervention in Iraq (2014–present)}}

[[File:Iranian Influence (2).png|thumb|Iiraan iyo [[sphere of influence|aagga saamaynteeda]]]]
Saamaynta muuqata ee Iiraan waxaa mararka qaarkood lagu sifeeyaa &quot;Bilowga Boqortooyada Cusub ee Faaris&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Fereydoun Khavand |date=14 September 2017 |title=Are We Witnessing The Dawn Of A New Persian Empire? |work=Radio Farda |url=https://en.radiofarda.com/a/iran-influence-in-middle-east-new-empire/28735042.html |access-date=31 January 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qaar ka mid ah falanqeeyayaasha ayaa saamaynta Iiraan la xiriiriya dhaxalka qaran ee dalka, [[Achaemenid Empire|boqortooyadii]] hore iyo [[History of Iran|taariikhda]] qani ah ee ay leedahay.

Kacaanka ka dib, Iran waxay kordhisay saamaynta ay ku leedahay gobolka iyo dibaddaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 August 2015 |title=The Challenge of Iran |url=https://iranprimer.usip.org/resource/challenge-iran |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=[[United States Institute of Peace]] |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174231/https://iranprimer.usip.org/resource/challenge-iran}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran, a Geopolitical Player in the Middle East |url=https://www.iemed.org/publication/iran-a-geopolitical-player-in-the-middle-east/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |website= |language=en-US |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174232/https://www.iemed.org/publication/iran-a-geopolitical-player-in-the-middle-east/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Team |first=G. P. F. |date=16 February 2018 |title=Iranian Expansion Spreads Beyond the Middle East |url=https://geopoliticalfutures.com/iranian-expansion-spreads-beyond-middle-east/ |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=Geopolitical Futures |language=en-US |archive-date=31 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131115020/https://geopoliticalfutures.com/iranian-expansion-spreads-beyond-middle-east/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New report reveals extent of Iran's growing Middle East influence |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/11/7/new-report-reveals-extent-of-irans-growing-middle-east-influence |access-date=31 January 2024 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=en |archive-date=31 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131115020/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/11/7/new-report-reveals-extent-of-irans-growing-middle-east-influence |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay dhistay ciidamo millatari oo leh shabakad ballaaran oo ka kooban xubno dawladeed iyo kuwo aan dawli ahayn, laga bilaabo Xisbullah ee Lubnaan sanadkii 1982.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Kane |first=J. Robert |year=2018 |title=A Life Cycle Analysis of Hezbollah: Where the Group Came from and Where It Is Going |journal=American Intelligence Journal |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=67–73 |jstor=26566567}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hezbollah's Record on War &amp; Politics |url=https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/hezbollahs-record-war-politics |access-date=30 January 2024 |website= |date=25 October 2023 |language=en |archive-date=31 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131093311/https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/hezbollahs-record-war-politics |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ciidanka Ilaalada Kacaanka ee IRGC ayaa fure u ahaa saamaynta Iran, iyadoo loo marayo Cududda Quds.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=8 April 2019 |title=Profile: Iran's Revolutionary Guards |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-47852262 |access-date=30 January 2024 |language=en-GB |archive-date=16 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220316054026/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-47852262 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hezbollah's Regional Activities in Support of Iran's Proxy Networks |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/hezbollahs-regional-activities-support-irans-proxy-networks |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=[[Middle East Institute]] |language=en |archive-date=13 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230513224544/https://www.mei.edu/publications/hezbollahs-regional-activities-support-irans-proxy-networks |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=DeVore |first=Marc R. |year=2012 |title=Exploring the Iran-Hezbollah Relationship: A Case Study of how State Sponsorship affects Terrorist Group Decision-Making |journal=Perspectives on Terrorism |volume=6 |issue=4/5 |pages=85–107 |jstor=26296878}}&lt;/ref&gt; Deganaansho la'aanta Lubnaan (laga bilaabo 1980-meeyadii),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Kliot |first=N. |year=1987 |title=The Collapse of the Lebanese State |journal=Middle Eastern Studies |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=54–74 |doi=10.1080/00263208708700688 |jstor=4283154}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ciraaq (laga bilaabo 2003)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=19 March 2023 |title=War, insurgency, IS and instability: Iraq since the 2003 US invasion |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/mar/19/war-insurgency-is-and-instability-iraq-since-the-2003-us-invasion |access-date=30 January 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo Yemen (laga bilaabo 2014)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 October 2023 |title=The Saudi-led War in Yemen: Frequently Asked Questions {{!}} Friends Committee On National Legislation |url=https://www.fcnl.org/issues/middle-east-iran/saudi-led-war-yemen-frequently-asked-questions |access-date=30 January 2024 |website= |language=en |archive-date=28 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240128135958/https://www.fcnl.org/issues/middle-east-iran/saudi-led-war-yemen-frequently-asked-questions |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxay Iran u ogolaatay inay dhisto xulafo xooggan iyo saldhigyo ka baxsan xuduudaheeda. Iran waxay saamayn weyn ku lahayd adeegyada bulshada, waxbarashada, dhaqaalaha iyo siyaasadda Lubnaan,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |jstor=resrep20960.6 |title=Hezbollah's Intervention in the Syrian Conflict |last1=Ali |first1=Mohanad Hage |journal=Power Points Defining the Syria-Hezbollah Relationship |date=30 January 2024 |pages=8–13 |publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Akbar |first=Ali |date=8 August 2023 |title=Iran's soft power in the Middle East via the promotion of the Persian language |journal=Contemporary Politics |language=en |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=424–445 |doi=10.1080/13569775.2023.2169305 |issn=1356-9775 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lubnaanna waxay Iran siisaa marin ay ka gasho [[Badda Mediterranean-ka]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tehran's Corridor to the Mediterranean Sea – EUROPolitika |url=https://www.europolitika.com/tehrans-corridor-to-the-mediterranean-sea/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |language=tr |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174232/https://www.europolitika.com/tehrans-corridor-to-the-mediterranean-sea/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 December 2023 |title=Iran Threatens Mediterranean Closure Over Gaza Without Saying How |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/iran-threatens-mediterranean-closure-over-gaza-without-saying-how/7409793.html |access-date=30 January 2024 |publisher=Voice of America |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174231/https://www.voanews.com/a/iran-threatens-mediterranean-closure-over-gaza-without-saying-how/7409793.html |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Guulaha istiraatiijiyadeed ee Xisbullah ay ka gaartay Israa'iil, sida guushii calaamadda u ahayd intii uu socday [[Dagaalkii Lubnaan ee 2006|Dagaalkii 2006 ee Israa'iil iyo Xisbullah]], waxay sare u qaaday saamaynta Iran ee [[Levant]] waxayna xoojisay soo jiidashadeeda guud ahaan [[Dunida Islaamka]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran Thrives In The Levant On Weakened States Threatened By Sunni Radicalism |url=https://www.hoover.org/research/iranian-corridor-middle-east-geopolitics-sectarianism-and-economic-integration |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=Hoover Institution |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174230/https://www.hoover.org/research/iranian-corridor-middle-east-geopolitics-sectarianism-and-economic-integration |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA560123 |title=How to Contain Iranian Influence in the Levant |language=en |access-date=30 January 2024 |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174232/https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA560123 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Duulaankii [[Duulaankii Ciraaq ee 2003|Mareykanka ee Ciraaq sanadkii 2003]] iyo imaatinkii [[Dawladda Islaamka|ISIS]] badhtamihii 2010-yadii ka dib, Iran waxay maalgelisay oo tababartay kooxo maleeshiyo ah oo Ciraaq jooga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Institute for the Study of War&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Institute for the Study of War |url=http://dev-isw.bivings.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325065358/https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-march-24 |archive-date=25 March 2022 |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=Institute for the Study of War |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author=Luca Nevola |author2=Miran Feyli |date=23 May 2023 |title=The Muqawama and Its Enemies: Shifting Patterns in Iran-Backed Shiite Militia Activity in Iraq |url=https://acleddata.com/2023/05/23/the-muqawama-and-its-enemies-shifting-patterns-in-iran-backed-shiite-militia-activity-in-iraq/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=ACLED |language=en-US |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174231/https://acleddata.com/2023/05/23/the-muqawama-and-its-enemies-shifting-patterns-in-iran-backed-shiite-militia-activity-in-iraq/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author=Crispin Smith |author2=Michael Knights |date=20 March 2023 |title=Remaking Iraq: How Iranian-Backed Militias Captured the Country |url=https://www.justsecurity.org/85566/remaking-iraq-how-iranian-backed-militias-captured-the-country/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=Just Security |language=en-US |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174230/https://www.justsecurity.org/85566/remaking-iraq-how-iranian-backed-militias-captured-the-country/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dagaalkii Iran iyo Ciraaq iyo dhicitaankii [[Saddam Hussein]] ka dib, Iran waxay qaabaysay siyaasadda Ciraaq.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How Much Influence Does Iran Have in Iraq? |url=https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/how-much-influence-does-iran-have-iraq |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=Council on Foreign Relations |language=en |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330011242/https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/how-much-influence-does-iran-have-iraq |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran is still the main foreign power in Iraq |url=https://www.ispionline.it/en/publication/iran-is-still-the-main-foreign-power-in-iraq-121476 |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=ISPI |language=en-US |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130175734/https://www.ispionline.it/en/publication/iran-is-still-the-main-foreign-power-in-iraq-121476 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Motamedi |first=Maziar |title=Where does Iran stand on neighbouring Iraq's political turmoil? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/31/where-does-iran-stand-on-neighbouring-iraqs-political-turmoil |access-date=30 January 2024 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174230/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/31/where-does-iran-stand-on-neighbouring-iraqs-political-turmoil |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka dib halgankii Ciraaq ee ka dhanka ahaa ISIS ee 2014, shirkado lala xiriiriyo IRGC sida [[Khatam-al Anbiya Construction Headquarters|Khatam al-Anbiya]], waxay bilaabeen inay dhisaan waddooyin, xarumo koronto, hoteello iyo ganacsiyo Ciraaq dhexdeeda ah, iyagoo abuuray marin dhaqaale oo ku kacaya qiyaastii $9 bilyan ka hor [[COVID-19]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |script-title=fa:افزایش صادرات ایران به عراق تا 9 میلیارد دلار/ در تجارت با منطقه جایگاه مناسبی نداریم |url=https://khabarfarsi.com/u/111389054 |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=KhabarFarsi.com |language=fa |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174231/https://khabarfarsi.com/u/111389054 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Achaemenid Empire 500 BCE.jpg|thumb|Boqortooyadii Achaemenid sanadkii 500 BC]]
Intii uu socday [[Dagaalkii sokeeye ee Yemen (2014–ilaa hadda)|Dagaalkii sokeeye ee Yemen]] Iran waxay taageero millatari siisay Xuutiyiinta,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Houthis, Iran, and tensions in the Red Sea |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/houthis-iran-and-tensions-red-sea |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=Middle East Institute |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174230/https://www.mei.edu/publications/houthis-iran-and-tensions-red-sea |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 August 2021 |title=How Iran Helped Houthis Expand Their Reach |url=https://warontherocks.com/2021/08/how-iran-helped-houthis-expand-their-reach/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=War on the Rocks |language=en-US |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174230/https://warontherocks.com/2021/08/how-iran-helped-houthis-expand-their-reach/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lester |first=Stephanie |date=19 December 2019 |title=Media Guide: Iran and the Yemeni Civil War |url=http://www.us-iran.org/resources/2019/12/19/media-guide-iran-and-the-yemeni-civil-war |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=American Iranian Council |language=en-US |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174230/http://www.us-iran.org/resources/2019/12/19/media-guide-iran-and-the-yemeni-civil-war |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; oo ah dhaqdhaqaaq Shiico [[Zaydism|Zaydi]] ah oo la dagaalamayay dawladda [[Sunni Islam|Sunniga]] ee Yemen ilaa 2004,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 December 2023 |title=5 Things to Know About the Houthis, Their Attacks on Israel and the U.S., and Their Treatment of Yemen's Jews {{!}} AJC |url=https://www.ajc.org/news/5-things-to-know-about-the-houthis-their-attacks-on-israel-and-the-us-and-their-treatment-of |access-date=30 January 2024 |website= |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174230/https://www.ajc.org/news/5-things-to-know-about-the-houthis-their-attacks-on-israel-and-the-us-and-their-treatment-of |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Ignatius |first=David |date=16 January 2024 |title=Opinion {{!}} The Houthis sink an arrow into the West's Achilles' heel |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2024/01/16/red-sea-houthis-supply-chain-disruption/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=17 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117171545/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2024/01/16/red-sea-houthis-supply-chain-disruption/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuwaas oo helay [[Xiisadda Badda Cas|awood ballaaran]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yemen's Houthi rebels seize cargo ship in Red Sea |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/19/yemens-houthi-rebels-seize-cargo-ship-in-red-sea-israel-blames-iran |access-date=23 March 2024 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=en |archive-date=24 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324024030/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/19/yemens-houthi-rebels-seize-cargo-ship-in-red-sea-israel-blames-iran |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 March 2024 |title=A ship earlier hit by Yemen's Houthi rebels sinks in the Red Sea, the first vessel lost in conflict |url=https://apnews.com/article/yemen-houthi-rebels-rubymar-sinks-red-sea-fb64a490ce935756337ee3606e15d093 |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en |archive-date=23 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323071241/https://apnews.com/article/yemen-houthi-rebels-rubymar-sinks-red-sea-fb64a490ce935756337ee3606e15d093 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Clinch |first=first=Matt |date=25 March 2022 |title=Yemen's Houthis claim attack on Aramco facility after reports of a huge fire in Saudi city of Jeddah |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/03/25/reports-of-huge-fire-at-aramco-oil-facility-in-saudi-arabia.html |access-date=23 March 2024 |publisher=[[CNBC]] |language=en |archive-date=26 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326083516/https://www.cnbc.com/2022/03/25/reports-of-huge-fire-at-aramco-oil-facility-in-saudi-arabia.html |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iran waxay saamayn weyn ku leedahay Afgaanistaan iyada oo loo marayo kooxaha maleeshiyada ah sida [[Liwa Fatemiyoun|Qaybta Fatemiyoun]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 February 2018 |title=Mission Accomplished? What's Next for Iran's Afghan Fighters in Syria |url=https://warontherocks.com/2018/02/mission-accomplished-whats-next-irans-afghan-fighters-syria/ |access-date=25 March 2024 |website=War on the Rocks |language=en-US |archive-date=14 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514235532/https://warontherocks.com/2018/02/mission-accomplished-whats-next-irans-afghan-fighters-syria/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 July 2021 |title=Iran's Tricky Balancing Act in Afghanistan |url=https://warontherocks.com/2021/07/irans-tricky-balancing-act-in-afghanistan/ |access-date=25 March 2024 |website=War on the Rocks |language=en-US |archive-date=22 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322050754/https://warontherocks.com/2021/07/irans-tricky-balancing-act-in-afghanistan/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo [[Xisbullah Afgaanistaan]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author1=Ari Heistein |author2=James West |date=20 November 2015 |title=Syria's Other Foreign Fighters: Iran's Afghan and Pakistani Mercenaries |url=https://nationalinterest.org/feature/syrias-other-foreign-fighters-irans-afghan-pakistani-14400 |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=National Interest}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;aijac&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=Oved Lobel |date=16 November 2018 |title=Afghanistan: The Forgotten Front Against Iran |url=https://aijac.org.au/fresh-air/afghanistan-the-forgotten-front-against-iran/ |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=aijac.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo sidoo kale Pakistan iyada oo loo marayo kooxaha maleeshiyada ah sida [[Liwa Zainabiyoun|Guutada Zainabiyoun]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 May 2016 |title=Meet the Zainebiyoun Brigade: An Iranian Backed Pakistani Shia Militia Fighting in Syria – The OSINT Blog |work=The OSINT Blog |url=https://theosintblog.com/2016/04/28/meet-the-zainebiyoun-brigade-an-iranian-backed-pakistani-shia-militia-fighting-in-syria/ |access-date=25 March 2024 |archive-date=2 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502213753/https://theosintblog.com/2016/04/28/meet-the-zainebiyoun-brigade-an-iranian-backed-pakistani-shia-militia-fighting-in-syria/ |url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo [[Sipah-e-Muhammad Pakistan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;pakistantoday.com.pk&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title='200 Iranian-trained Sipah-e-Muhammad activists hunting down ASWJ workers' |url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2011/05/26/%E2%80%98200-iranian-trained-sipah-e-muhammad-activists-hunting-down-aswj-workers%E2%80%99/ |access-date=2018-07-26 |website=www.pakistantoday.com.pk |language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726135021/https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2011/05/26/%E2%80%98200-iranian-trained-sipah-e-muhammad-activists-hunting-down-aswj-workers%E2%80%99/|archive-date=2018-07-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Suuriya dhexdeeda, Iran waxay taageertay Madaxweyne [[Bashar al-Assad]];&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Terrill |first=W. Andrew |year=2015 |title=Iran's Strategy for Saving Asad |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_middle-east-journal_spring-2015_69_2/page/222 |journal=Middle East Journal |volume=69 |issue=2 |pages=222–236 |doi=10.3751/69.2.1 |jstor=43698235}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=30 July 2012 |title=Iran's Evolving Policy on Syria |url=https://iranprimer.usip.org/blog/2012/jul/30/iran%E2%80%99s-evolving-policy-syria |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=[[United States Institute of Peace]] |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174231/https://iranprimer.usip.org/blog/2012/jul/30/iran%E2%80%99s-evolving-policy-syria}}&lt;/ref&gt; labada waddan waxay ahaayeen xulafo muddo dheer soo jiray.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Samii |first=Abbas William |year=2008 |title=A Stable Structure on Shifting Sands: Assessing the Hizbullah-Iran-Syria Relationship |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_middle-east-journal_winter-2008_62_1/page/32 |journal=Middle East Journal |volume=62 |issue=1 |pages=32–53 |doi=10.3751/62.1.12 |jstor=25482471}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Institute for the Study of War&quot;/&gt; Iran waxay taageero millatari iyo dhaqaale oo weyn siisay dawladda Assad,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=30 December 2023 |title=Why is Iran Involved in Syria: A Look at Multifaceted Reasons |work=Best Diplomats &amp;#124; New York |url=https://bestdiplomats.org/why-is-iran-involved-in-syria/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |language=en-US |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174231/https://bestdiplomats.org/why-is-iran-involved-in-syria/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran Update, September 20, 2023 |url=https://www.criticalthreats.org/analysis/iran-update-september-20-2023 |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=Critical Threats |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174232/https://www.criticalthreats.org/analysis/iran-update-september-20-2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; sidaas darteed waxay saldhig weyn ku lahayd Suuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=After 7 years of war, Assad has won in Syria. What's next for Washington? |url=https://www.brookings.edu/articles/after-7-years-of-war-assad-has-won-in-syria-whats-next-for-washington/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=Brookings |language=en-US |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174231/https://www.brookings.edu/articles/after-7-years-of-war-assad-has-won-in-syria-whats-next-for-washington/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Syria's Stalemate Has Only Benefitted Assad and His Backers |url=https://www.usip.org/publications/2023/03/syrias-stalemate-has-only-benefitted-assad-and-his-backers |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=United States Institute of Peace |language=en |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318081024/https://www.usip.org/publications/2023/03/syrias-stalemate-has-only-benefitted-assad-and-his-backers}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iran waxay muddo dheer taageertay ururada ku yaala [[Waqooyiga Afrika]] ee dalalka sida [[Aljeeriya]] iyo [[Tunisia]]. Iran waxay soo dhoweysay [[Xamaas]] qayb ahaan si ay gacan uga geysato wiiqidda caannimada [[Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin|Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin]] (PLO).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran and Hamas beyond the borders of the Middle East |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/iran-and-hamas-beyond-borders-middle-east |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=[[Middle East Institute]] |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174231/https://www.mei.edu/publications/iran-and-hamas-beyond-borders-middle-east |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Taageerada Iran ee Xamaas waxay si cad u soo baxday sannadihii dambe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Skare |first=Erik |date=18 December 2023 |title=Iran, Hamas, and Islamic Jihad: A marriage of convenience |url=https://ecfr.eu/article/iran-hamas-and-islamic-jihad-a-marriage-of-convenience/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=ECFR |language=en-GB |archive-date=16 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116122514/https://ecfr.eu/article/iran-hamas-and-islamic-jihad-a-marriage-of-convenience/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Hamas-Iran Relationship {{!}} The Washington Institute |url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/hamas-iran-relationship |access-date=30 January 2024 |website= |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174230/https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/hamas-iran-relationship |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hamas And Israel: Iran's Role |url=https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/hamas-and-israel-irans-role |access-date=30 January 2024 |website= |date=10 October 2023 |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174231/https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/hamas-and-israel-irans-role |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Jake Tapper |author2=Katie Bo Lillis |date=14 November 2023 |title=Found document suggests Iran sought to help Hamas make its own weapons ahead of attack, sources say |publisher=CNN |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/14/politics/document-iran-hamas-weapons/index.html |access-date=30 January 2024 |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130174230/https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/14/politics/document-iran-hamas-weapons/index.html |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sida laga soo xigtay sirdoonka Mareykanka, Iran si buuxda uma maamusho kooxahan dawliga ah iyo kuwa aan dawliga ahayn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 January 2024 |title=US intelligence officials estimate Tehran does not have full control of its proxy groups |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/02/01/iran-proxies-intel-houthis-00139099 |website=Politico |access-date=15 March 2024 |archive-date=29 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329202849/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/02/01/iran-proxies-intel-houthis-00139099 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Xuquuqda aadanaha iyo faafreebka ===
{{Main|Xuquuqda aadanaha ee Iran|Faafreebka Iran}}

{{See also|Ciqaabta dilka ee Iran|Cadaadiska siyaasadeed ee Jamhuuriyadda Islaamiga ah ee Iran}}
[[File:EvinHouseofDetention.jpg|thumb|Albaabka laga galo [[Xabsiga Evin]], oo la aasaasay 1972. [[Vice Media|VICE]] waxay ku tilmaantay xabsiga &quot;meesha argagaxa leh ee halyeeyga ah oo qofna uusan rabin inuu ku dambeyno.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=voA0cS1JiGQ |title=VICE Guide to Iran with Suroosh Alvi |date=15 April 2020 |last=VICE |access-date=17 May 2024 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;|225x225px]]
Dawladda Iran ayaa lagu cambaareeyay ururo caalami ah iyo dawlado kala duwan inay ku xad-gudubto xuquuqda aadanaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=30 January 2019 |title=Iran |url=https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2019/iran |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430053909/https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2019/iran |archive-date=30 April 2019 |access-date=30 April 2019 |website=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dawladdu waxay inta badan dhibaataysay oo xirtay dadka dhaleeceeya dawladda. Sharciga Iran ma aqoonsana [[Xuquuqda LGBT ee Iran|jihada galmada]]. [[Xuquuqda LGBT ee Iran|Dhaqdhaqaaqa galmada ee u dhexeeya xubnaha isku jinsiga ah]] waa sharci darro waana [[Ciqaabta dilka ee khaniisnimada|lagu ciqaabaa dil]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Avery |title=71 Countries Where Homosexuality is Illegal |url=https://www.newsweek.com/73-countries-where-its-illegal-be-gay-1385974 |work=Newsweek |date=4 April 2019 |access-date=17 August 2019 |archive-date=11 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211204842/https://www.newsweek.com/73-countries-where-its-illegal-be-gay-1385974 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Iran defends execution of gay people |url=https://www.dw.com/en/iran-defends-execution-of-gay-people/a-49144899 |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]] |date=12 June 2019 |access-date=17 August 2019 |archive-date=9 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109074057/https://www.dw.com/en/iran-defends-execution-of-gay-people/a-49144899 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ciqaabta dilka]] waa ciqaab sharci ah, marka loo eego BBC-da, Iran &quot;waxay fulisaa dilal ka badan waddan kasta, marka laga reebo Shiinaha&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Iran halts execution of three protesters after online campaign |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-53463685 |publisher=[[BBC]] |access-date=17 May 2024 |archive-date=7 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200907110937/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-53463685 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ergeyga Gaarka ah ee Qaramada Midoobay [[Javaid Rehman]] ayaa soo sheegay takoor ka dhan ah dhowr qowmiyadood oo laga tiro badan yahay oo Iran jooga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=22 October 2019 |title=Iran: UN expert says ethnic, religious minorities face discrimination |work=[[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]] |location=New York |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2019/10/iran-un-expert-says-ethnic-religious-minorities-face-discrimination |access-date=12 December 2023 |archive-date=12 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212074243/https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2019/10/iran-un-expert-says-ethnic-religious-minorities-face-discrimination |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koox khubaro ah oo ka tirsan Qaramada Midoobay sanadkii 2022 ayaa ku boriyay Iran inay joojiso &quot;cadaadiska nidaamsan&quot; ee ka dhanka ah diimaha laga tirada badan yahay, iyagoo raaciyay in xubno ka tirsan [[Baháʼí Faith|Diinta Bahaa'iga]] la xiray, laga mamnuucay jaamacadaha, ama guryahooda la dumiyay.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 August 2022 |title=Rights experts urge Iran to end 'systematic persecution' of religious minorities |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/08/1125162 |access-date=12 December 2023 |website=[[UN News]] |language=en |archive-date=12 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212074243/https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/08/1125162 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=UN Rights Experts Call On Iran To Stop Persecution Of Baha'is, Other Religious Minorities |language=en |work=[[RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty]] |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/iran-bahai-faith-persecution-un-rights-religious-minorities/31999696.html |access-date=12 December 2023 |archive-date=12 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212074243/https://www.rferl.org/a/iran-bahai-faith-persecution-un-rights-religious-minorities/31999696.html |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2024, baaritaan uu sameeyay Ergeyga Gaarka ah ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyay in Iran ay gashay [[xasuuq]] ka dhan ah dadka siyaasadda iyo diimaha laga tirada badan yahay intii uu socday [[Xasuuqii Iran ee 1981–1982|xasuuqyadii 1981–1982]] iyo [[Toogashadii 1988 ee maxaabiista siyaasadeed ee Iran|dilalkii wadajirka ahaa ee 1988]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ShahinClerical&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Nasiri |first1=Shahin |title=Clerical Sovereignty and its Absolute Others: Religious Genocide in Iran |journal=[[Journal of Genocide Research]] |date=25 September 2025 |volume=28 |pages=1–25 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14623528.2025.2566533#abstract |access-date=24 October 2025 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |issn=1462-3528}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Faafreebka waxaa lagu qiimeeyaa mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu daran adduunka oo dhan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran |url=https://rsf.org/en/iran |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119053026/https://rsf.org/en/iran |archive-date=19 January 2018 |access-date=9 September 2017 |website=Reporters Without Borders}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 April 2016 |title=The World Press Freedom Index |url=https://rsf.org/en/world-press-freedom-index |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419141729/https://rsf.org/en/world-press-freedom-index |archive-date=19 April 2019 |access-date=17 May 2019 |website=[[Wariyayaasha aan Xuduudda Lahayn]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=30 January 2019 |title=Freedom in the World 2019, Iran |url=https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2019/iran |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430053909/https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2019/iran |archive-date=30 April 2019 |access-date=17 May 2019 |website=Freedom House}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iran waxay leedahay [[Faafreebka internetka ee Iran|faafreeb internet oo adag]], iyadoo dawladdu ay si joogto ah u xannibto baraha bulshada iyo baraha kale.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Taylor |first=Chloe |date=21 November 2019 |title=Iran's internet blackout enters fifth day as government claims victory over protesters |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/11/21/irans-internet-blackout-enters-fifth-day-amid-fuel-price-protests.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122155819/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/11/21/irans-internet-blackout-enters-fifth-day-amid-fuel-price-protests.html |archive-date=22 November 2019 |access-date=24 November 2019 |publisher=[[CNBC]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mihalcik |first=Carrie |title=Iran's internet has been shut down for days amid protests |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/irans-internet-has-been-shut-down-for-days-amid-protests/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191126051521/https://www.cnet.com/news/irans-internet-has-been-shut-down-for-days-amid-protests/ |archive-date=26 November 2019 |access-date=24 November 2019 |publisher=[[CNET]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;TechCrunch&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 November 2019 |title=Iran shuts down country's internet in the wake of fuel protests |url=https://techcrunch.com/2019/11/17/iran-shuts-down-countrys-internet-in-the-wake-of-fuel-protests/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125171635/https://techcrunch.com/2019/11/17/iran-shuts-down-countrys-internet-in-the-wake-of-fuel-protests/ |archive-date=25 November 2020 |access-date=24 November 2019 |website=TechCrunch |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laga soo bilaabo Janaayo 2021, mas'uuliyiintu waxay xannibeen dhowr barood oo baraha bulshada ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last1=MacLellan |first1=Stephanie |date=9 January 2018 |title=What You Need to Know about Internet Censorship in Iran |url=https://www.cigionline.org/articles/what-you-need-know-about-internet-censorship-iran |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124164741/https://www.cigionline.org/articles/what-you-need-know-about-internet-censorship-iran |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=11 November 2020 |website=Centre for International Governance Innovation |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Natiijooyinkii doorashada 2006 ayaa si weyn loogu muransanaa, taas oo keentay [[Mudaharaadyadii doorashada madaxweynaha ee Iran ee 2009|mudaharaadyo]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Landry |first=Carole |date=25 June 2009 |title=G8 calls on Iran to halt election violence |url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jSWPwBGmOByDmvG6OPfqesxJ2O7Q |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110312135716/https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jSWPwBGmOByDmvG6OPfqesxJ2O7Q |archive-date=12 March 2011 |access-date=18 June 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Tait |first1=Robert |last2=Black |first2=Ian |last3=Tran |first3=Mark |date=17 June 2009 |title=Iran protests: Fifth day of unrest as regime cracks down on critics |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jun/17/iran-protests-day-five |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221142529/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jun/17/iran-protests-day-five |archive-date=21 December 2016 |access-date=14 December 2016 |work=[[The Guardian]] |location=London}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=5 July 2009 |title=Iran clerics defy election ruling |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8134904.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010065919/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8134904.stm |archive-date=10 October 2017 |access-date=18 June 2011 |work=[[BBC News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=7 September 2009 |title=Is this government legitimate? |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/iran/2009/07/090704_op_brief_majma_qom.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150409060631/http://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/iran/2009/07/090704_op_brief_majma_qom.shtml |archive-date=9 April 2015 |access-date=18 June 2011 |publisher=[[BBC]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mudaharaadyadii Iran ee 2017–18]] ayaa ku baahay dalka oo dhan iyadoo looga jawaabayay xaaladda dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Erdbrink |first=Thomas |date=4 August 2018 |title=Protests Pop Up Across Iran, Fueled by Daily Dissatisfaction |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/04/world/middleeast/iran-protests.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023212544/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/04/world/middleeast/iran-protests.html |archive-date=23 October 2023 |access-date=5 August 2022 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa si rasmi ah loo xaqiijiyay in kumanaan mudaaharaadayaal ah la xiray.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=24 January 2019 |title=Iran arrested 7,000 in crackdown on dissent during 2018 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-46984649 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528144810/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-46984649 |archive-date=28 May 2023 |access-date=5 August 2022 |work=[[BBC News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mudaharaadyadii Iran ee 2019–20]] waxay ka bilaabmeen 15kii Noofambar magaalada [[Ahvaz]], waxayna ku baaheen dalka oo dhan ka dib markii ay dawladdu ku dhawaaqday kor u kac qiimaha shidaalka ah oo gaaraya ilaa 300%.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=17 November 2019 |title=In Pictures: Iranians protest against the increase in fuel prices |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/inpictures/pictures-iranians-protest-increase-fuel-prices-191117091345643.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191119060103/https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/inpictures/pictures-iranians-protest-increase-fuel-prices-191117091345643.html |archive-date=19 November 2019 |access-date=19 November 2019 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Xiritaanka Internetka ee Iran ee 2019|Internetka oo la damiyay muddo toddobaad ah]] ayaa calaamadeeyay mid ka mid ah xiritaankii ugu darraa ee internetka ee waddan kasta, iyo cadaadiskii dawladeed ee ugu dhiigga badnaa ee mudaaharaadayaasha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Shutdown |first=Iran Internet |title=A web of impunity: The killings Iran's internet shutdown hid |url=https://iran-shutdown.amnesty.org/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110235750/https://iran-shutdown.amnesty.org/ |archive-date=10 January 2021 |access-date=15 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tobanaan kun ayaa la xiray boqolaalna waa la dilay dhowr maalmood gudahood sida ay sheegeen goobjoogayaal caalami ah oo dhowr ah, oo ay ku jirto [[Amnesty International]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Special Report: Iran's leader ordered crackdown on unrest – 'Do whatever it takes to end it' |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-protests-specialreport/special-report-irans-leader-ordered-crackdown-on-unrest-do-whatever-it-takes-to-end-it-idUSKBN1YR0QR |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191223095916/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-protests-specialreport/special-report-irans-leader-ordered-crackdown-on-unrest-do-whatever-it-takes-to-end-it-idUSKBN1YR0QR |archive-date=23 December 2019 |access-date=23 December 2019 |work=[[Reuters]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752]] wuxuu ahaa duulimaad caalami ah oo rakaab rayid ah oo ka yimid Tehran kuna socday [[Kyiv]], oo ay maamusho [[Ukraine International Airlines]]. 8-dii Janaayo 2020, Boeing 737–800 oo duulaysay marinkaas ayaa waxaa soo riday IRGC waxyar ka dib markii ay kacday, iyadoo dishay dhammaan 176-dii qof ee saarnaa taasna waxay keentay [[Mudaharaadyadii Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752|mudaaharaadyo]]. Baaritaan caalami ah ayaa horseeday in dawladdu ay qirato soo ridista, iyadoo ugu yeertay &quot;qalad bini'aadam&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=8 January 2020 |title=Ukrainian airplane with 180 aboard crashes in Iran: Fars |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-crash/ukrainian-airplane-with-180-aboard-crashes-in-iran-fars-idUSKBN1Z70EL |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200108035747/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-crash/ukrainian-airplane-with-180-aboard-crashes-in-iran-fars-idUSKBN1Z70EL |archive-date=8 January 2020 |access-date=8 January 2020 |work=[[Reuters]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=11 January 2020 |title=Demands for justice after Iran's plane admission |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-51077788 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200112185600/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-51077788 |archive-date=12 January 2020 |access-date=11 January 2020 |publisher=[[BBC]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mudaharaadyadii Mahsa Amini|Mudaharaadyo kale oo looga soo horjeedo dawladda]] ayaa bilowday 16-kii Sebtembar 2022 ka dib markii haweeney lagu magacaabo [[Dhimashadii Mahsa Amini|Mahsa Amini ay ku dhimatay gacanta booliiska]] ka dib markii ay xireen [[Guidance Patrol]], oo loo yaqaan &quot;booliiska asluubta&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Who are Iran's 'morality police'? – DW – 12/04/2022 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/who-are-irans-morality-police/a-63200711 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023065624/https://www.dw.com/en/who-are-irans-morality-police/a-63200711 |archive-date=23 October 2023 |access-date=23 October 2023 |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=20 September 2022 |title=Protests flare across Iran in violent unrest over woman's death |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/tehran-governor-accuses-protesters-attacks-least-22-arrested-2022-09-20/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927195508/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/tehran-governor-accuses-protesters-attacks-least-22-arrested-2022-09-20/ |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=23 September 2022 |work=[[Reuters]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Leonhardt |first1=David |date=26 September 2022 |title=Iran's Ferocious Dissent |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/26/briefing/iran-protests-mahsa-amini.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927061245/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/26/briefing/iran-protests-mahsa-amini.html |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=27 September 2022 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=16 September 2022 |title=Iranian woman dies 'after being beaten by morality police' over hijab law |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/sep/16/iranian-woman-dies-after-being-beaten-by-morality-police-over-hijab-law |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920020636/https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/sep/16/iranian-woman-dies-after-being-beaten-by-morality-police-over-hijab-law |archive-date=20 September 2022 |access-date=22 September 2022 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cadaadiskii dawladdu ay saartay mudaaharaadyada ayaa Qaramada Midoobay ay ku tilmaantay [[danbi ka dhan ah bini'aadantinimada]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 March 2024 |title=Iran committed crimes against humanity during protest crackdown, UN says |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/8/iran-committed-crimes-against-humanity-during-protest-crackdown-un-says |access-date=6 September 2025 |publisher=Al Jazeera |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dhaqaalaha ==
{{Main|Dhaqaalaha Iran}}

{{See also|Kaalmooyinka Iran|Bangiyada iyo caymiska ee Iran}}
Laga bilaabo {{As of|2024}}, Iran waxay leedahay dhaqaalaha [[Liiska wadamada marka loo eego GDP (PPP)|19-aad ee ugu weyn adduunka marka loo eego GDP-ga lagu hagaajiyay PPP]]. Waa [[Dhaqaale isku dhafan|isku dhafka]] [[Dhaqaalaha qorshaysan|qorshaynta dhexe]], [[lahaanshaha dawladda]] ee saliidda iyo shirkadaha kale ee waaweyn, beeraha tuulooyinka, iyo ganacsiga gaarka ah ee yar-yar iyo mashaariicda adeegga.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.traveldocs.com/ir/economy.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608192955/http://www.traveldocs.com/ir/economy.htm |archive-date=8 June 2011 |title=Iran economy |access-date=18 June 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Adeegyadu waxay ku darsadaan boqolkiiba ugu weyn ee GDP-ga, waxaa ku xiga warshadaha ([[Macdanta Iran|macdanta]] iyo wax soo saarka) iyo [[Beeraha Iran|beeraha]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-AprMay12.pdf ''Iran Investment Monthly''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-AprMay12.pdf |date=20131031023806 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031023806/http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-AprMay12.pdf |date=31 October 2013 }}. Turquoise Partners (April 2012). Retrieved 24 July 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; Dhaqaalaha waxaa lagu gartaa waaxda hydrocarbon-ka, wax soo saarka iyo adeegyada maaliyadda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Overview |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/iran/overview |access-date=24 December 2023 |publisher=World Bank |language=en |archive-date=4 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200704155746/https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/iran/overview |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyadoo leh 10% [[Kaydka saliidda ee Iran|kaydka saliidda]] adduunka iyo 15% [[Kaydka Gaaska dabiiciga ah ee Iran|kaydka gaaska]], Iran waa [[quwad weyn oo dhinaca tamarta ah]]. In ka badan [[Warshadaha Iran|40 warshadood]] ayaa si toos ah ugu lug leh [[Sarrifka saamiyada ee Tehran]].

[[File:Tehran Stock Exchange 3513534.jpg|thumb|upright=.8|[[Sarrifka saamiyada ee Tehran]]]]
Tehran waa xarunta xoogga dhaqaale ee Iran.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |title=Tehran (Iran): People – Britannica Online Encyclopedia |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/585619/Tehran/276311/Economy |access-date=21 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121123001337/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/585619/Tehran/276311/Economy |archive-date=23 November 2012 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qiyaastii 30% shaqaalaha waaxda guud ee Iran iyo 45% shirkadaheeda warshadaha ee waaweyn waxay ku yaallaan halkaas, kala bar shaqaalaha shirkadahaasna waxay u shaqeeyaan dawladda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Cordesman, Anthony H. |date=23 September 2008 |title=The US, Israel, the Arab States and a Nuclear Iran. Part One: Iranian Nuclear Programs |url=http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/081006_iran_nuclear.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100806042511/http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/081006_iran_nuclear.pdf |archive-date=6 August 2010 |access-date=25 September 2010 |work=Center for Strategic and International Studies}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Bangiga Dhexe ee Iran]] ayaa ka mas'uul ah horumarinta iyo ilaalinta lacagta: [[Rial-ka Iran]]. Dawladdu ma aqoonsana [[Liiska ururada shaqaalaha ee Iran|ururada shaqaalaha]] marka laga reebo golayaasha shaqaalaha ee Islaamiga ah, kuwaas oo ku xiran ogolaanshaha loo shaqeeyayaasha iyo adeegyada amniga.&lt;ref name=&quot;ayatoil&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Iran's banned trade unions: Aya-toiling |url=https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21576408-though-watched-and-muzzled-independent-labour-unions-are-stirring-aya-toiling |access-date=23 June 2013 |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |date=20 April 2013 |archive-date=23 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623080810/http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21576408-though-watched-and-muzzled-independent-labour-unions-are-stirring-aya-toiling |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iran waxay ahayd dalkii ugu horeeyay ee soo bandhiga [[Dakhliga aasaasiga ah ee caalamiga ah|dakhliga aasaasiga ah ee qaranka]] deyrta 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=23 June 2011 |title=Iran's bold economic reform: Economic jihad |url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2011/06/23/economic-jihad |newspaper=The Economist}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shaqo la'aantu waxay ahayd 9% sanadkii 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/iran/unemployment-rate |title=Iran Unemployment Rate |access-date=7 June 2024 |archive-date=8 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108141105/https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/iran/unemployment-rate |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Siyaasadda Iran#Miisaaniyadda|Dhimista miisaaniyadda]] waxay ahayd dhibaato raagto, badanaa waxaa ugu wacan [[Kaalmooyinka Iran|kaalmooyinka dawladeed ee waaweyn]], oo ay ku jiraan agabka cuntada iyo gaar ahaan shidaalka, oo wadartoodu gaartay $100 bilyan sanadkii 2022 tamarta oo kaliya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.iranintl.com/en/202205093109 |title=Senior Official Says Iran Paying $100 Billion In Energy Subsidies |website=Iran International |date=9 May 2022 |access-date=7 June 2024 |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604142038/https://www.iranintl.com/en/202205093109 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.payvand.com/news/07/jan/1295.html |title=Ahmadinejad's Achilles Heel: The Iranian Economy |website= |access-date=18 June 2011 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010061417/http://www.payvand.com/news/07/jan/1295.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2010, qorshaha dib-u-habaynta dhaqaalaha wuxuu ahaa in la yareeyo kaalmooyinka si tartiib-tartiib ah laguna beddelo gargaar bulsho oo bartilmaameed ah. Ujeeddadu waa in loo guuro xaggii qiimaha suuqa xorta ah iyo in la kordhiyo wax soo saarka iyo cadaaladda bulshada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://go.worldbank.org/KQD2RP3RX0 |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20110210062245/http://go.worldbank.org/KQD2RP3RX0 |archive-date=10 February 2011 |title=Iran – Country Brief |access-date=30 January 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maamulku wuxuu sii wadaa dib-u-habaynta, wuxuuna tilmaamayaa inuu kala duwanayn doono dhaqaalaha saliidda ku tiirsan. Iran waxay horumarisay [[Bioteknoolajiyadda Iran|bioteknoolajiyadda]], [[Nanotechnoolajiyadda Iran|nanotechnoolajiyadda]], iyo warshadaha [[Daawooyinka Iran|daawooyinka]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nanovip.com/nanotechnology-companies/iran |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061114070827/http://www.nanovip.com/nanotechnology-companies/iran |archive-date=14 November 2006 |title=List of Iranian Nanotechnology companies |access-date=21 June 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dawladdu waxay [[Gaar u lahaanshaha Iran|gaar u leedahay warshadaha]].

Iran waxay leedahay warshado wax soo saar oo hormuud u ah samaynta baabuurta, gaadiidka, agabka dhismaha, qalabka guryaha, cuntada iyo agabka beeraha, hubka, daawooyinka, tignoolajiyada macluumaadka, iyo petrochemicals ee Bariga Dhexe.&lt;ref name=&quot;Economy&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.uktradeinvest.gov.uk/ukti/appmanager/ukti/countries?_nfls=false&amp;_nfpb=true&amp;_pageLabel=CountryType1&amp;navigationPageId=/iran |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060213220829/https://www.uktradeinvest.gov.uk/ukti/appmanager/ukti/countries?_nfls=false&amp;_nfpb=true&amp;_pageLabel=CountryType1&amp;navigationPageId=%2Firan |archive-date=13 February 2006 |title=UK Trade &amp; Investment |date=13 February 2006 |access-date=21 June 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay ka mid tahay shanta soo saara ee ugu sarreeya adduunka ee [[apricot]]-ka, [[cherry|jeeriga]], [[qajaarka]], [[timirta]], [[bergamot|fiigga]], [[pistachio]]-ga, [[walnut]]-ka, [[Kiwifruit]]-ka iyo [[qaraha]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL |title=FAOSTAT |website=FAO |access-date=7 June 2024 |archive-date=12 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112130804/https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Cunaqabataynta caalamiga ah ee ka dhanka ah Iran]] ayaa waxyeelo u geysatay dhaqaalaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;everend&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Iran and sanctions: When will it ever end? |url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2012/08/18/when-will-it-ever-end |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |access-date=23 June 2013 |date=18 August 2012 |archive-date=30 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530021803/http://www.economist.com/node/21560596 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iran waa mid ka mid ah saddex waddan oo aan weli ansixin [[Heshiiska Paris]] si loo xaddido [[Isbeddelka cimilada ee Bariga Dhexe iyo Waqooyiga Afrika|isbeddelka cimilada]], inkastoo aqoonyahanadu ay sheegaan inay u wanaagsan tahay dalka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Larch |first1=Mario |last2=Wanner |first2=Joschka |title=The consequences of non-participation in the Paris Agreement |journal=European Economic Review |date=April 2024 |volume=163 |article-number=104699 |doi=10.1016/j.euroecorev.2024.104699 |hdl=10419/302105 |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist}}

{{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}}
{{Dalalka Aasiya}}
{{Western Asia}}
[[Category:Wadamada Aasiya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Dhaqan</title>
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      <text bytes="9864" sha1="1k0w8y3erddmsnj0mox4g91ygurqci0" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Canjeelo.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Somali [[lahoh]].]]
[[File:Henna for hair.jpg|thumb|right|200px|To apply it on the hair; Henna powder is mixed with [[water]] and then applied on the hair]]
[[File:Ethcofcerm.jpg|right|thumb|200px|waa dhaqankii hore ee somaalida]]
[[File:LaasGeel.jpg|thumb|laasgeel waa meel ku caana aasaartii hore ee qadiimiaga ahayd kuna taala bariga magaalada hargeisa]]
[[File:Gobustan ancient Azerbaycan full.jpg|thumb|Petroglyphs maalin casriya [[Gobustan State Reserve|Gobustan]], [[Azerbaijan]],dib u taariikhayn10 000 C.H taas oo tilmaamaysa dhaqanka suuban]]


[[File:Ägyptischer Maler um 1400 v. Chr. 001.jpg|thumb|[[faraaciin]]ian [[fanka]], 1 400 C.H]]
[[File:Mehmooni2.jpg|thumb|The [[faarisi]]n ''[[Hasht Behesht|Hasht-Behesht Palace]]'']]
'''Dhaqan''' ({{lang-en|''culture''}}; {{lang-ar|ثقافة}})&lt;ref&gt;Harper, Douglas (2001). [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=culture Online Etymology Dictionary]&lt;/ref&gt; waa nolosha, hadalka, [[luuqad]]a, [[aqoon]]ta, [[fan]]ka, [[suugaan]]ta, ciyaaraha, hido iyo dhaqanka iyo guud ahaan hab nololeedka [[dad|bulsho]] leedahay kaasi oo noqon kara wax sawir guud oo dadka kale ka heeystaan bulshadaasi.
Sidoo kale dhaqanku waa shay leh macne badan oo kala duwan oo isla xidhiidha . si kastaba ha ahaatee, kalmada &quot;beer&quot; waa ta badanaa la istticmaalo saddexda macnaha aasaasigaa:
* Dhadhanka fiican ee [[fanka fiican]]s iyo [[baniaadanimo]], sidoo kale waxa loo yaqaanaa [[dhaqan ka suuban]]
* aqoonta bani aadamka ee isla xidhiidha, aaminsanida, iyo dhaqanka kaas oo ku xidhan hawl karnimada uu qofku ku fikiro iyo barashada bulshada
* noocyada dabeecadaha la wadaago, qiimayaasha, hadafyada, iyo caadooyinka taas oo ay dhaqan u yihiin xeerarka, ururada, ama kooxuhu
marka fikradu marka hore la hagaajiyey qarnigii sideedaad- iyo qarnigii sagaalaad ee yurub, iyadu maaha hab loogu talo galay [[qodida dhirta|qodaalka]] ama horumar, as in [[beeraha]] or [[beer falid]]. qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad,waxa lagu tilmaamay xubnaha ama ama sinaanshaha ee qof walba ,gaaar ahaan dhinaca [[waxbarasho]], ka dibna buuxinta [[hantiwadaaga|qaranimodoonka]].badhtamihii qarnigii saagaal iyo tobnaad,saynisyahanada qaar baa isticmaala kalmada &quot;dhaqan&quot; tsi ay u tibaaxaan awooda baniaadamka ee caalamigaa.ee jarmalka [[nonpositivist]] [[sociologist]] [[Georg Simmel]], culture referred to &quot;the cultivation of individuals through the agency of external forms which have been [[objectification|objectified]] in the course of history&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Levine, Donald (ed) 'Simmel: On individuality and social forms' Chicago University Press, 1971. p6.&lt;/ref&gt;


== References ==
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot; style=&quot;-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;&quot;&gt;
* &quot;Adolf Bastian&quot;. ''Today in Science History''. 27 Jan 2009 [http://www.todayinsci.com/B/Bastian_Adolf/Bastian_Adolf.htm Today in Science History]
* &quot;Adolf Bastian&quot;, [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/55606/Adolf-Bastian Encyclopædia Britannica Online], 27 January 2009
* {{cite book|last= Ankerl |first= Guy |title= Global communication without universal civilization, vol.1: Coexisting contemporary civilizations: Arabo-Muslim, Bharati, Chinese, and Western |origyear= 2000 |series= INU societal research |publisher= INU Press |location= Geneva |isbn= 2-88155-004-5 |pages=|year= 2000 }}
* Arnold, Matthew. 1869. [http://www.library.utoronto.ca/utel/nonfiction_u/arnoldm_ca/ca_titlepage.html ''Culture and Anarchy.''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.library.utoronto.ca/utel/nonfiction_u/arnoldm_ca/ca_titlepage.html |date=20171118211142 }} New York: Macmillan. Third edition, 1882, available online. Retrieved: 2006-06-28.
* [[Bakhtin]], M. M. (1981) ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=JKZztxqdIpgC The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays]''. Ed. Michael Holquist. Trans. Caryl Press. ISBN 978-0-252-06445-6.
* Barzilai, Gad. 2003. ''Communities and Law: Politics and Cultures of Legal Identities'' University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-11315-1
* {{Cite journal|first=Ruth| last=Benedict| year=1934| title=Patterns of Culture|url=https://archive.org/details/patternsofcultbenerich| location=Boston|publisher=Houghton Miflin Company|ref=harv|postscript=&lt;!--None--&gt;}}
* Bourdieu, Pierre. 1977. ''Outline of a Theory of Practice.'' Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-29164-4
* Cohen, Anthony P. 1985. ''The Symbolic Construction of Community.'' Routledge: New York,
* Dawkins, R. 1982. ''[[The Extended Phenotype|The Extended Phenotype: The Long Reach of the Gene.]]'' Paperback ed., 1999. Oxford Paperbacks. ISBN 978-0-19-288051-2
* Findley &amp; Rothney. ''Twentieth-Century World'' (Houghton Mifflin, 1986)
* Forsberg, A. [http://fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us/~aforsber/ccsf/culture_defined.html Definitions of culture] {{Wayback|url=http://fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us/~aforsber/ccsf/culture_defined.html |date=20070701005026 }} [[CCSF]] Cultural Geography course notes. Retrieved: 2006-06-29.
* Geertz, Clifford. 1973. ''The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays''. New York. ISBN 978-0-465-09719-7.
* — 1957. &quot;Ritual and Social Change: A Javanese Example&quot;, ''American Anthropologist'', Vol. 59, No. 1. [http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122430901/abstract Geertz]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* Goodall, J. 1986. ''The Chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of Behavior.'' Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-11649-8
* Hoult, T. F., ed. 1969. ''Dictionary of Modern Sociology''. Totowa, New Jersey, United States: Littlefield, Adams &amp; Co.
* Jary, D. and J. Jary. 1991. ''The HarperCollins Dictionary of Sociology.'' New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-271543-7
* Keiser, R. Lincoln 1969. ''The Vice Lords: Warriors of the Streets''. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. ISBN 978-0-03-080361-1.
* Kroeber, A. L. and C. Kluckhohn, 1952. ''Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions.'' Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum
* Kim, Uichol (2001). &quot;Culture, science and indigenous psychologies: An integrated analysis.&quot; In D. Matsumoto (Ed.), ''Handbook of culture and psychology.'' Oxford: [[Oxford University Press]]
* McClenon, James. &quot;Tylor, Edward B(urnett)&quot;. ''Encyclopedia of Religion and Society''. Ed. William Swatos and Peter Kivisto. Walnut Creek: AltaMira, 1998. 528-29.
* Middleton, R. 1990. ''Studying Popular Music''. Philadelphia: Open University Press. ISBN 978-0-335-15275-9.
* O'Neil, D. 2006. [http://anthro.palomar.edu/tutorials/cultural.htm Cultural Anthropology Tutorials] {{Wayback|url=http://anthro.palomar.edu/tutorials/cultural.htm |date=20041204152854 }}, Behavioral Sciences Department, Palomar College, San Marco, California. Retrieved: 2006-07-10.
* [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan, Ronald]]. [http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1989/011489a.htm &quot;Final Radio Address to the Nation&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1989/011489a.htm |date=20160130224216 }}, January 14, 1989. Retrieved June 3, 2006.
* Reese, W.L. 1980. ''Dictionary of Philosophy and Religion: Eastern and Western Thought.'' New Jersey U.S., Sussex, U.K: Humanities Press.
* Tylor, E.B. 1974. ''Primitive culture: researches into the development of mythology, philosophy, religion, art, and custom.'' New York: Gordon Press. First published in 1871. ISBN 978-0-87968-091-6
* UNESCO. 2002. [http://www.unesco.org/education/imld_2002/unversal_decla.shtml Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity], issued on [[International Mother Language Day]], February 21, 2002. Retrieved: 2006-06-23.
* White, L. 1949. ''The Science of Culture: A study of man and civilization.'' New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
* Wilson, Edward O. (1998). ''[[Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge]].'' Vintage: New York. ISBN 978-0-679-76867-8.
* Wolfram, Stephen. 2002 ''[http://www.wolframscience.com/nksonline A New Kind of Science].'' Wolfram Media, Inc. ISBN 978-1-57955-008-0
&lt;/div&gt;

== External links ==
{{sisterlinks}}
{{Wikinewsportal|Culture and entertainment}}
* [http://www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/cfsi-icse/cil-cai/home-en.asp Centre for Intercultural Learning] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/cfsi-icse/cil-cai/home-en.asp |date=20090202090600 }}
* [http://courses.ed.asu.edu/margolis/spf301/definitions_of_culture.html Detailed article on defining culture] {{Wayback|url=http://courses.ed.asu.edu/margolis/spf301/definitions_of_culture.html |date=20100626142906 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110512174939/http://xtf.lib.virginia.edu/xtf/view?docId=DicHist/uvaBook/tei/DicHist1.xml;chunk.id=dv1-73 Dictionary of the History of Ideas] &quot;culture&quot; and &quot;civilization&quot; in modern times
* [http://global-culture.org/ Global Culture] {{Wayback|url=http://global-culture.org/ |date=20090831124037 }} Essays on global issues and their impact on culture
* [http://www.fanafar.ir/ Centre for cultural technologies] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fanafar.ir/ |date=20140214191608 }}
* [http://www.monthlyreview.org/299pare.htm Reflections on the Politics of Culture] {{Wayback|url=http://www.monthlyreview.org/299pare.htm |date=20110317033756 }} by [[Michael Parenti]]
* [http://www.wsu.edu/gened/learn-modules/top_culture/culture-index.html What is Culture? – Washington State University]
* [http://defineculture.com Define Culture] {{Wayback|url=http://defineculture.com/ |date=20211201075935 }} Compilation of 100+ user submitted definitions of culture from around the globe
* [http://dialectmagazine.com Dialect Magazine] {{Wayback|url=http://dialectmagazine.com/ |date=20211206234454 }} A print and online magazine that focuses on culture via global entertainment, travel, international fashion, sociopolitics and more
* [http://www.scribd.com/doc/21636305/Khaltourina-Korotayev-WorldCultures Concepts of Culture in Cross-National and Cross-Cultural Perspectives]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

[[Category:Dhaqan]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Af Esberanto</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="64854" sha1="57bjc9p5hm40sss7wbfqxo4ve3xga1l" xml:space="preserve">'''Af Esberanto''' waa luqadda ugu caansan ee la dhisay. Esberanto waxay abuurtay luqadda si ay u fududayso xidhiidhka caalamiga ah.  Ujeeddadiisu waxay ahayd inuu Esberanto u qaabeeyo qaab ay dadku u baran karaan si ka sahlan luqadaha kale ee qaranka.

=Baro luqadda esberanto=
==Waxbarasho==

''Internacia Lingvo Kurso - somala lingvo''

''(Helpo: www. esperanto-afriko. org. (kurso en araba lingvo); www. lernu.net kursoj'' (= waxbarasho) 
''wwww. esperanto.de (© traduko en somala lingvo: H. J.)'' 


[[File:Jubilea_simbolo.svg|thumb|Jubilea simbolo]]
[[File:Flag_of_Esperanto.svg|thumb|flago de Esperanto]] 


''La internacia lingvo - ESPERANTO estas lingvo facila.''

== Alifba’da soomaaaliga ==
  

''somala araba alfabeto'' ('''=alifba’da soomaaaliga'''): ‘, B, T, J, X, KH, D,R, S, SH, DH, C, G, F, Q, K, L, M, N, W, H, Y, A, E, I, O, U,) 

== Alifba’da ''&quot;internacia lingvo&quot;'' - ESPERANTO ==

-, B, T, J, - , -, D, R, S, - , - , C, G, F, - , K, L, M, N, - , H, - , 
A, E, I, O, U, Ĉ, Ĝ, Ĥ, Ĵ, Ŝ, Ŭ

Ĉ = (TSH) Ĉilio, G = (J) germanio, germanujo (=Jarmal) , Ĥ = (KH) Ĥemio (=Kiimika, kimistari), J = (i) Junio (=Yunyo); Julio (=Yulyo); J = Jordanio (i), Ĵ = ĵurnalo (=wargeys); Ŝ = (SH) ŝipo (= markab); Ŭ = aŭto (= baabúur)

== Alifba’da ESPERANTO ==

(dhihid: 34 Waxbarasho &quot;ilmo&quot; / infanoj)

''Prononoco kaj alfabeto'': “Afr'''i'''ko”, &quot;hot'''e'''lo&quot;, &quot;am'''i'''ko&quot;, &quot;kontin'''e'''nto&quot;. 

[[File:Alfabeto de Esperanto.png|thumb| ESPERANTO - Alfabeto de Esperanto]]
[[File:Signuno_abc.gif|thumb| Alfabeto de Esperanto]]

Alifba’da ESPERANTO - ''ALFABETO''

Aa, Bb, Cc, '''Ĉĉ''', Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, '''Ĝĝ''', Hh, '''Ĥĥ''', Ii, Jj, '''Ĵĵ''', Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, '''Ŝŝ''', Tt, Uu, '''Ŭŭ,''' Vv, Zz.

Nomoj de la literoj: a, bo, co, '''ĉo''', do, e, fo, go, '''ĝo''', ho, '''ĥo''', i, jo, '''ĵo''', ko, lo, mo, no, o, po, ro, so, '''ŝo''', to, u,''' ŭo''', vo, zo. 

Ekzemploj: c = : cigaro (=sigaar), princo (ingiriis: prince) s = : kiso (=dhunkasho) 
v = : varma (=diiran) z = : rozo (ubax)

* '''Ĉĉ, Ĝĝ, Ĥĥ, Ĵĵ, Ŝŝ, Ŭŭ''' 

* Ĉ = Ĉado (= “Cado-“dhul) 	
* ĝ = ĝangalo (kayn, juq, hawd) 
* ĥ = jaĥto; (markab)
* ĵ = ĵurnalo (wargeys) 	
* ŝ = ŝipo (markab)
* ŭ = aŭtobuso (koryeeri, bas)

(Vikipedio cx= ĉ, gx= ĝ, hx= ĥ, jx= ĵ, sx= ŝ, ux= ŭ)

dhambaal:
* ĉ (cx), ama '''ch''', 
* ĝ , (gx) ama '''gh''', 
* ĥ (hx) ama '''hh''', 
* ĵ (jx) ama ,'''jh''', 
* ŝ (sx) ama '''sh''' 
* ŭ (ux) ama '''u'''

''Ekzemplo : chinia esperanta retpagho = ĉinia esperanta retpaĝo''

== Naxwe ''Gramatiko'': Qodob ==

'''la''' (= ''artikolo'' / qodob ) 
* '''''la tablo''''' - miis
* ''tablo'' - (= 1 ''tablo'' / = 1 miis ) 

== Magac ==
(''Substantivo'' / magac) '''-o''' dom'''o''' (=guri) (''dom / o'' ''dom-'''o''''')

== Tilmaame ==
(''Adjektivo'' / tilmaame) '''-a''' grand'''a''' : (=weyn) grand'''a''' domo - 

== Wadar ==

(''Pluralo'' / wadar) '''-j''' : ''granda'''j''' domo'''j'''''

== Falkaab ==
(''Adverbo''/ falkaab) '''-e'''. Eva kantas bel'''e'''. ''(adverbo)'' - Eva estas bel'''a'''. ''(adjektivo)''
(''kantas'' = heesid) (''bele/bela'' = qurux, wacan)

== Layeele ==
(''deklinacio'')	
* 1. (''nominativo''): la ronda tablo - (kiu?)
* 2. (''akuzativo''): la ronda'''n''' tablo'''n''' (kiu'''n''' ?) (=layeele)

* de la ronda tablo (miis)
* al la ronda tablo 
(''ronda'' = wareeg, kuusan)

(xag, gees - ''direkto''): en la parko (jardiinio) - en la parko'''n''' &gt;(jardiino) 
(tegid) '' mi iras en la parko'' / '' mir iras en la parko'''n''''' (tegid gudaha)

== Magaacuyaal ==
* (''personaj pronominoj''): (magaacuyaal)
* mi - (anigaa) ------------------- ni (anaka) 
* vi - (adigaa) ------------------- vi (idinka)
* li -	 (persono) (isaga) --------- ili (pluralo) (iyaga)
* ŝi - 	 (persono) (iyada) --------- oni (dad, iyaga, adiga, anaka) 
* ĝi - 	 (objekto, ideo) (isaga)----- si (qodhidiis,naftiisa, qodhideed)
 

== magac-uyaal lahaansho - ''posedaj pronomoj'' ==

''posedaj pronomoj'' + '''-a''': (magac-uyaal lahaansho)
mi'''a''' - vi'''a''' - li'''a''' - ...
* mi'''a''' amiko (saaxhiib), 
* vi'''a''' hundo (=ey), 
* li'''a''' hundo 

== (magac) - ''deklinacio'' ==
* (''deklinacio''): 
* mi (1. ''nominativo''), 
* de mi, 
* al mi , 
* min (2. ''akuzativo''),.


== isbarbardhigid - ''Komparado'' ==
* (''Komperativo'') '''pli''' 
* (Superlativo) '''plej''' :
* forta 
* pli forta ('''ol''') 
* plej forta ('''el''')

* ''forta'' 	xoog - 
* ''pli forta (ol)'' - ka xoogan - 
* ''plej forta (el)'' - ugu xoogan

== Fal; jooge ==

''Konjugado'' - ''Verbo'' / fal
''Prezenco'' / jooge: ''' - as'''
mi am'''as''' vin , vi am'''as''' vin, li am'''as''' vin (jeclaysasho) ('''vin'''=layeele) 

== Fal; tege ==


''Preterito''/ tege '''-is''': mi am'''is''' vin, vi amis vin, li amis vin ('''vin'''=layeele)

== Fal; soosocde ==
''Futuro'' / soosocde '''-os''': 
mi am'''os''' vin, vi amos vin, li amos vin (vin=layeele) 

== Fal;(''kondicionalo'') ==
''Kondicionalo'' '''-us''' mi am'''us''' vin (vin=layeele)

== Fal;(''imperativo'') ==
''Imperativo'' '''-u''' am'''u''' min! diru! - (dheh , dhah) 

== Fal; (''Infinitivo'') ==
''Infinitivo'' '''-i''': Mi volas lern'''i''' '''la internacian lingvon''' = Mi volas lern'''i''' '''Esperanton''' ('''-n''' =layeele)

* Tobio estas hundo. (ey) 
* Marko karesas hundo'''n'''. (salaaxid) (hundo'''n'''=layeele)
* Marko estas amiko de Maria. (saaxiib) 
* Maria salutas amiko'''n''' kaj vidas hundo'''n'''. (bariidin /arkid) (amiko'''n'''=layeele)

== Weyddiin / ''demanda frazo'' ==
''Demanda frazo'': ''' Ĉu ?''' 
* Ĉu vi komprenas min? Jes, mi komprenas vin.
* Ne, mi ne komprenas vi'''n'''. (fahmid, kasid)
* Ĉu vi komprenas vorto'''n'''? (vorton=layeele)
* Mi ne komprenas vorto'''n''' = eraygaa ma fahmin
* Vorto'''n''' ne komprenas mi = eraygaa ma fahmin
* Vorto'''n''' mi ne komprenas = eraygaa ma fahmin

== Tabelo de korelativaj vortoj ==
=== Silabo i ===
* '''&quot;i&quot;;''' (meelahaas)

=== Antaŭsilaboj ===
* k+'''i'''+... ki- demandovorto - magac-uyaalweyddiin
* t+'''i'''+... ti- indikvorto - fakufiiqe (magac-uyaal tilmaame)
* '''i-''' (meelahaas)
* ĉ+'''i'''+ ... ĉi- - (idil, giddi, dhammaan) 
* ne+n + '''i'''- neni- (&quot;maya&quot;) 

* '''Antaŭsilabo''' 	- '''Mallonga klarigo''' (-qeexniin, sharax)
* ki- 	 kio - maxaa/maxay; kiu - kuma demandovorto - magac-uyaalweyddiin
* ti- 	 'indikvorto' - fakufiiqe (magac-uyaal tilmaame)
* i- 	 iu - cid, qof
* ĉi- 	 ĉiu - midwalba, midkasta, qofwalba
* neni- 	 neniu - qofnaba, cidnaba
	
* (5 x 9 = 45 korelativaj vortoj - tabelvortoj):
=== Postsilaboj ===
'''Postsilabo''' - 	'''Mallonga klarigo'''(-qeexniin, sharax)
* -o 	nedifinita aĵo - wax,arrin (meelahaas)
* -u 	individuo, difinita aĵo, - (dad, aadame, qof), wax, arrin (gaw) 
* -a 	eco - tayo, sifo
* -el 	maniero - nooc, dariiq, si
* -e 	loko - meel, deegaan, goob 
* -am 	tempo - wakhti, milay, goor
* -om 	kvanto - qiyaas (intee? meeqa?)
* -al 	kialo - sabab (sababtee?)
* -es 	posedanto - hanti, maal

=== 45 korelativaj vortoj - tabelvortoj: ===
* kio - 	tio - 	io - 	ĉio - 	nenio - 
* kiu - 	tiu - 	iu - 	ĉiu - 	neniu - 
* kia - 	tia - 	ia - 	ĉia - 	nenia - 
* kiel - 	tiel - 	iel - 	ĉiel - 	neniel - 
* kie - 	tie - 	ie - 	ĉie - 	nenie - 
* kiam - 	tiam - 	iam - 	ĉiam - 	neniam - 
* kiom - 	tiom - 	iom - 	ĉiom - 	neniom - 
* kial - 	tial - 	ial - 	ĉial - 	nenial - 
* kies - 	ties - 	ies - 	ĉies - 	nenies -

== Tirooyinka caadiga ah ==
''Nombro, Nombrado, arabo cifero'' (= tiro) , ''araboj ciferoj'' 
(Tirooyinka caadiga ah)
* nul 0
* unu 1 --- ses 6 --- dek unu 11 --- cent 100
* du 2 --- sep 7 --- dekdu 12 --- ducent 200
* tri 3 --- ok 8 --- dudek 20 --- mil 1000
* kvar 4 --- nau 9 --- dudek unu 21 --- du mil 2000
* kvin 5 --- dek 10 --- tridek 30 --- du mil unu 2001
* &quot;miliono&quot; 1'000’000 

''roma cifero'': I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X C M 
&quot;Bonan nokton!&quot; (habeen wanaagsan!)


== Tirooyinka habaysan ==
''kardinalaj numbroj'' '''-a''': (Tirooyinka habaysan) 
unu'''a''': 1. (kowaad) du'''a''': 2. (labaad) 

----------------------------------------------------------------------
== Iskudarid ==
 
* hore:
* ek- iri / ekiri (tegid / soco! tegid)
* mal- ''rapida / malrapida'' - (dhakhso / aadyar ) (=cagis, lid) ''hela / malhela'' ( furan /mugddi)
* mis- kompreni / miskompreni - (fahmid / khalad-fahmid)
* re- vidi / revidi - (arkid / dib u arkid)
* vir- bovo (lo’) / virbovo (lo’{lab} / (bov'''in'''o - lo’{dhegid} ) 

== dabadeed ==
* -ar - arbo / arbaro geed / kayn,yuq, hawd 
* -aĉ - hundo / hundaco ey / ey &gt;xun &lt;qiimo 
* -ebl- legi - legebla- akhrisasho /&gt;suurtogal
* -et- ŝnuro / ŝnureto xadhig / &gt;qaroyar
* -eg- ŝnuro / ŝnurego xadhig / &gt;buuran
* -ej- lerni / lernejo (baran, barasho /dugsi)
* -ig- pura / purigi (nadiif / nadiifin) 
* -iĝ- blinda / blindigi (indhoole / indhoole &gt; noqosho)
* -il- skribi / skribilo - (qorid / qalinqori (makiinadqorid) 
* -in- bovo / bovino / (virbovo) (lo’) / (bovino - lo’{dhegid} ) virbovo (lo’{lab} ) 
* -ind- vidi / vidinda arkid / arkid (qaayo/qiimo leh) (qiimo, qaayo) 
* -ist- baki / bakisto moofayn / moofaale 
* -ul- fremda / fremdulo (shisheeye / qofshisheeye (ulo = 	qof)


* sana - 	caafimaad
* malsana - 	bukaan
* sanigi - 	bogsiin, bogsasho 
* malsanigi - 	duryid, &gt;bukaan &gt;noqosho
* malsanulo -	buke 
* masanulejo- 	cusbitaal
* sanigilo - 	dawo
* sanigebla - 	bogsiin, bogsasho &gt;suurtogal

(Waxbarasho ''Kursoj'': www.esperanto-afriko.org - www.lernu.net) 
  

== Qaamuus ==

=== a ===

* [http://www.esperanto-afriko.org/Vortaro%20esp-somala.pdf ''Malgranda vortaro''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.esperanto-afriko.org/Vortaro%20esp-somala.pdf |date=20120419195944 }} - '''Qaamuus internacia lingvo - Soomaali''' (© DEJ 12-2001)

* aĉeti - iibin
* agi - falid, shaqayn hawlgelin
* ami - jeclaan 
* ankaŭ - kalóo
* antaŭ - hortéeda
* antaŭ - hortíisa
* (..)
------
* [http://www.uea.org/vikio/index.php/Radikoj-685 ''Quaamuus'' internacia lingvo &quot;Radikoj-685&quot; ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.uea.org/vikio/index.php/Radikoj-685 |date=20110514095728 }}: '''''[[uea Universala Esperanto Asocio]]''' ''

* ''ekzemploj'': 1. ''afriko = afrik / o afrik - = (radiko) + (finaĵo) -o = afriko'' 2.''adreso = adres / o adres- = (radiko) + (finajho) - o = &quot;adreso&quot;''


* a - (Tilmaame /''Adjektivo'') '''-a''' grand'''a''' : (=weyn) grand'''a''' domo -
* -Aĉ - (1.''abomena'') 2. raalila'aan 
* aĉet / i - libin 
* -Ad - (qaadasho, gaadhid, socosho, joogto)
* adres / o - cinwaan 
* aer / o - havo
* afer / o - kaalin, munaasabad; daas, ganacsi, shaqo; wax, arrin;
* afrik / o - [[Afrika]] 
* ag / i - falid, shaqayn, hawlgelin; 
* aĝ / o - da, weynaan, gabow;
* aĥ! - (alla fiicnayda); (ah!)( maya, hay dhihin); (yaab),((la)yabid); (fajacid); amakaag, yaab, amaakaag, fajac 
* ajn - (Jarmal: ''auch immer, auch nur, überhaupt'') (iyana, asana, ana) (marwalba, markastaba),(keliya),(guud ahaan, gebi ahaan) 
* -Aĵ, - (Jarmal: ''Suffix'') wax, walax, 
* akcept/i - (qaadasho, yeelind, moodid, kasooqaadid)
* akv /o - biyo [[Biyo]]
* al - (ilaa, ka)(xagga) (ku) 
* ali / a - ka, kale, midkale
* almenaŭ - ugu yaran, ugu yaraan 
* alt / a - kor (pli alta - ka kore) (pley alta - ugu koraysa) 
* amas / o - dadweyne, wadar; urur, wadar, tiro, xaddi
* ambaŭ - labadaba
* amerik / o -Maraykan, Ameerikaa ([[Maraykanka assalkoodii]];[[Maraykan]],[[Mareykan]],[[Ameerika]];'''[[Ameerikada koonfureed]]''';[[Woqooyiga Ameerika]],[[Maksiko]];[[Qaramada Midoobey ee Maraykanka]])
* am / i - jeclaan
* amik/o - saaxiib (amikeco - saxiibtinimo) 
* -An - (xubin) (an / o - xubin)
* ankaŭ - kalóo 
* ankoraŭ - weli 
* anstataŭ - bedel
* -Ant - juĝ'''ant''' / o juĝanto xaakin; (leg / i, - akhrisaho, akhriyid; leg'''ant''' / o)
* antaŭ - hortíisa, hortéed
* aparat / o - aalad
* apart/a - faquuq (feraari, kalasooc)
* apenaŭ - dhif (..) 
* aper // i - muuqasho, soobixid (apero sur la scenejo; aper(aĵ)o)
* april / o - [[Abriil]]
* apud - agteeda, agtíisa 
* -Ar - (arbo - geed; arb'''ar'''o - kayn, juq, hawd)(ŝafo - ido, ŝaf'''ar'''o - 10,12,...100 ŝafoj)
* aranĝ / i - habayn (nidaam, amar)
* artikol / o - qodob, qodobgarasho 
* art / o - [[fan]], ka; artisto - [[fanaan]]; artaĵo / belartaĵo - shaqo fanaan
* as - ('''jooge''') (mi vid'''as''' - Waan arkaa; ni laŭd'''as''' - Waan amaanaynaa; li rest'''as''' - Wuu joogayaa)
* asoci / o - (bulsho); (midayn); (kulan, shir)(xubin);
* aspekt // i - muuqasho
* at - pasiva participo; daŭrado aŭ ripetado: La letero estas skrib'''at'''a de mi.
* atend / i - sugid
* atent/a - wedan, isjir 
* ating / i - gaadhid (atingi trenon - taareen gaadhid)
* aŭ - ama
* aŭd / i - maqlid 
* aŭskult / i - dhegeysasho 
* aŭgust / o - [[Agoosto]]
* aŭstrali/o - [[Australia]]
* aŭtobus / o - koryeeri, bas; [[Bas]]; (haltejo (aŭ) stacio de aŭtobuso - joogsibas, joogsikoryeeri) 
* aŭtomobil / o - baabuur, [[Baabuur]] (Aŭtovojo - jidweyne);(Aŭtoisto (aŭ) veturigisto - babuurwade, darawal); (aŭt/i - baabuur wadid, baabuur kaxayn) (Aŭtoriparejo - geerashbaabuursamayn) (aŭtoasekuro - caymisbaabuur)(aŭtokuro - baabuurbaratan);(Aŭtonegocisto )(aŭ) (Aŭtokomercisto) - ganacsadebaabuur)
* aŭtun/o - dayr [[Dayr]]
* av / o - awow (avino - ayeeyo, mocooyo) 
* azi / o - [[Aasiya]]

=== b ===
* baldaŭ - hore, markiiba, degdeg
* banan/o - muus; [[Muus]]
* baz/o - (..); (cag,lug; dhulka aqalka)(weedhweyno)
* bedaŭr / i - kaxumaasho 
* bel / a - qurxóon 
* best / o - xoolo, bahal; bahalo
* bezon / i - baahasho, doonid
* bibliotek / o - kutuble, kutubhaye; [[Maktabad]];[[Buug]] 
* bild / o - sawir; [[Mishelangelo]]
* bilet/o - tigidh dhoff
* bird/o - [[shimbir]]; (struto - [[Goronyo]])(aglo - [[Dafo]]) 
* bo- - (patro - via '''bo'''patro → la patro de via edzino / filo → via '''bo'''filo = la edzo de via filino)
* bon / a - fiican, wanaagsan
* botel/o - dhalo, quraarad [[Dhalo]]
* bril//i - dhalaalid, wedhwedhid
=== c ===
* cel / o - ujeeddo, -ada 
* cent - boqol 
* cert /a (certa esti) - badbaadíd

=== ĉ ===
* ĉambr / o - qol
* ĉar - maxaayeelay
* ĉarm/a - (naxariis) ((si)saaxiib)(waad ku hagaagsan tahay)
* ĉe - aktiis, xaggiisa 
* ĉef / a - badanka (madax,ugaas) (muhiim); (ĉefurbo - magaalo-madax, caasimad)
* ĉeval/o - faras [[Faras]]
* ĉi - ( ĉi-kune - wadajir) 
* ĉia - (midwalba, midkasta, qofwalba)(nooc, dariiq, si) '''(Tabelvorto)'''(ĉi- - (idil, giddi, dhammaan)+ -a eco - tayo, sifo)
* ĉial - (midwalba, midkasta, qofwalba) (sababtee) '''(Tabelvorto)''' ĉi- - (idil, giddi, dhammaan)+ -al kialo - sabab (sababtee?)
* ĉiam - marvalba, markastaba '''(Tabelvorto)''' ĉi- - (idil, giddi, dhammaan)+ -am tempo - wakhti, milay, goor)
* ĉie - meelwalba '''(Tabelvorto)''' ĉi- - (idil, giddi, dhammaan)+ -e loko - meel, deegaan, goob)
* ĉiel - (idil, giddi, dhammaan) (nooc, dariiq, si) '''(Tabelvorto)''' ĉi- - (idil, giddi, dhammaan)+ -el maniero - nooc, dariiq, si)
* ĉies - (qofwalba, cidwalba) '''(Tabelvorto)''' ĉi- - (idil, giddi, dhammaan)+ -es posedanto - hanti, maal)
* ĉio - waxkaste,dhammaan '''(Tabelvorto)''' ĉi- - (idil, giddi, dhammaan)+ -o nedifinita aĵo - wax,arrin (meelahaas))
* ĉiom - waxkaste, dhammaan '''(Tabelvorto)''' ĉi- - (idil, giddi, dhammaan)+ -om kvanto - qiyaas (intee? meeqa?))
* ĉirkaŭ - meelahaas, ugu dhawaan 
* ĉiu - midwalba, midkasta, qofwalba '''(Tabelvorto)''' ĉi- - (idil, giddi, dhammaan)+ -u individuo, difinita aĵo, - (dad, aadame, qof), wax, arrin (gaw))
* -ĉj, - ( Karesvorto por patro (aabbe): „Patreto! Pa'''ĉj'''o!“) Patro (aabbe): (raaxo, naxariis, dareenbadan): Paĉjo! (Patreto!)
* ĉu - inaan (weyddiin, su'aalid) ('''Ĉu''' vi komprenas min? — Jes, mi komprenas vin!) 
=== d ===
* da - (unu kilogramo '''da''' pano) (1 litro '''da''' lakto)(peco da pano - hal rooti ah) ''(La riĉulo havas mult'''e''' '''da''' mono)''
* dank / i - mahadin 
* dan / o - homo de Danujo ([[Denmark]]) 
* daŭr//i - qaadasho, gaadhid, socosho
* de - ka
* decembr/o - Diiseembar [[Diseembar]]
* decid/i - goosasho, go'aamin 
* deĵor//i - adeegid (deĵoro - shaqo, adeeg)
* dek - toban (10) 
* dekstr / a - midig (dekstre - midig, geesta midigta) 
* demand/i - weyddiin, su'aalid
* des - intuu, intii (je pli li laboras, des pli monon li ricevas - intuu shaqada sii badiyaba, waaa ka sii lacag badnaanayaa) 
* dev/i - waajibid 
* dezir/i - rajeyn 
* diabl/o - ibliis; shaydhaan; shaydhaan cas (magac) (tilmaame: diabl/a - xun)
* difin/i - qeexid (sugid, garasho)(xidhid, adkayn)
* dik/a - buuran, qara weyn, shilis
* dimanĉ / o - [[Axad]] 
* direkt / o - xag, gees 
* dir / i - dhihid, odhaso, sheegid
* dis- '''dis'''ŝiri - jeexid, dilaaacin (mi '''dis'''ŝiris la leteron kaj '''dis'''ĵetis ĝiajn pecetojn en ĉiujn angulojn de la ĉambro) (angulo - gees, koone)(peco / pec'''et'''o)
* diskut/i - (qeexid,sharaxid)(odhasho, andacoobid) 
* do - hadaabe, sidaas 
* doktor/o - dhakhtar 
* dolĉ/a - macaan (wanaagsan, qaali) (maldolĉa - qadhaadh) 
* dom/o - guri, aqal
* don/i - siin 
* dorm//i - seexasho (dormo - hurdo; dormĉambro - qolhurdo) 
* du - laba (2) 
* dum - markaas, muddadaas, gudeheeda 
=== e ===
* e - Falkaab (Adverbo/ falkaab) '''-e'''. Eva kantas bel'''e'''. (adverbo); bon'''e''' manĝi (vidu PMEG) 
* -Ebl - ('''ebl'''a - suurtogal) (eblo - suurtogal)(manĝi → manĝ'''ebl'''a = tia, ke ĝi povas esti manĝata (cunid);(kalkul'''ebl'''a) 
* -Ec - Ili admiris la saĝeco) (saĝeco - xikmad) (yaabid, layaabid)
* eĉ - xataa, weli (Li timas '''eĉ''' sian propran ombron) (ombro - hadh,hoos) 
* eduk/i - ( = fal) (magac: eduk/o - waxbarasho) 
* edz/o - (guur)/(nin, xaas)(mudane); (edz'''in'''o - afadayda, xaaskayga)
* -Eg - (weyni, dherer) (domo - (guri,aqal): (dom'''eg'''o)(dom'''et'''o - yar, kis) (hundo, hun'''de'''go, hund'''et'''o - ey)
* -Ej - (dormi - seexasho → dorm'''ej'''o = qolhurdo; (manĝoĉambro) (aŭ - ama) manĝ'''ej'''o - qolcunno, qolcunitaan; duŝi-duŝo-duŝ'''ej'''o - qobaysasho, maydhasho) 
* ek - (bilaabid) labori → '''ek'''labori = komenci labori
* ekran/o - dhalada telefishanka (komputila ekrano) (kino - shaneemo) (kinaekrano - shaneemo) 
* eks- (waagii hore, goor hore, dhakso) (ministro - washiir, xoghaye qaran) (ministro → '''eks'''ministro = persono, kiu antaŭe estis ministro)
* ekskurs/o - (bixitaan)
* ekster - ka sokow 
* ekzempler/o - ( 1 ekzemplero de libro) (1 kitaab, 1 buug)
* ekzempl / o - tusaale (ekzempl'''e''' - tusaale) 
* ekzist//i - (jirid : waan jirayaa) (Ne ekzistas fumo sen fajro.) (fumo - qiiq) (fajro - dab) (fumo ne estas sen fajro)
* el - ka
* elekt/i - doorasho
* -Em - (farax) (inklino (labor: labor'''em'''a,) (manĝi: manĝ'''em'''a) (timi - tim'''em'''a)
* en - gudaha
* -End, (pagi → pag'''end'''a = tia ke ĝi devas esti pagata, tia ke oni pagu ĝin) (xisaabta bixi, maandhe!)
* -Er, (sablo - ciid, caroo) sablo → sabl'''er'''o = (&quot;1&quot;) grajno de sablo (&quot;1&quot; arabikhi, &quot;1&quot; ciid, &quot;1&quot; caroo)
* esper / i - rajeyn 
* est//i - ahaan (fal) (mi estas somalo - Waxaan ahay Soomaali)
* estr - ('''estr'''o - agaasime) (bank'''estr'''o - bangi-agaasime) (eskal/o - salaan)
* -Et, (yar, kis)(dom'''et'''o); (weyni, dherer) (domo - dom'''eg'''o)
* eŭrop/o - [[Yurub]]
* eventual / a - (suurtogal)(laga yaabaa) 
* evolu//i - horumarid 
=== f ===
* facil/a - fudud, sahlan, jilicsan 
* fak/o - maadad
* fakt/o - xaqiiqo, run, dhab
* fal//i - ridid, dhicin 
* famili / o - xaas 
* far/i - falid, samayn 
* februar / o - Fabraayo [[Febraayo]]
* feliĉ/a - nasiiblow, faraxsan
* fenestr/o - daaqad
* ferm/i - xidhid 
* fest/i - dabaaldegid, ciidid, fasax ahaansho 
* fi- (komercisto - ganacsade) ('''fi'''komercisto - kadhexeeye, yasan); (insekto - cayayaan) ('''fi'''insekto - wasakh, usgag)
* film/o - filim
* fil / o - wiil 
* fin / i - dhammayn, gabagabyn 
* fiŝ / o - kaluun 
* flank / o - dhinac, bog 
* flav / a - jaalle, hurruud 
* flor/o - ubax 
* flug/i - duulid 
* foj/o - mar 
* for - tegey, fog, maqan 
* forges/i - ilaawid, hilmaamid 
* form/o - qaab (form/i - qaab u samayn, qaab u yeelid)
* fort / a - xoog 
* fot/i sawirid, sawirqaadid
* frap/i - tumid, garaacid, fanaxin 
* frat/o - walaal 
* fraŭl/o - (Ne edziĝinta viro) (wiil, kuray); (fraŭl'''in'''o) fraŭlino - '''gashaanti, gabadh''' Ne edziniĝinta vir'''in'''o.
* frenez / a - waalan 
* fru / e - (goor) hore, kalah 
* funkci/o - ([[Xisaab]]) 
* fuŝ/i - ( bi'in, xumayn) (kuiri - karin, baylin) ('''fuŝ'''kuiri, '''fuŝ'''kuiristo, '''fuŝ'''kuiraĵo - calool iska bi'in )
=== g ===
* gazet/o - wargeys 
* ge- (patro - aabee; '''ge'''patroj = patro kaj patrino) '''ge'''patroj - aabee iyo hoyoyo
* glas/o - koob, dhalo, muraaayad 
* grand / a - weyn, dheer 
* gratul/i - nasiib rajeyn 
* grav / a - muhiim
* grup/o - koox 
* gvid/i - hogaamin, hagid; (agaasime)
* ĝeneral/a - guudahaan
* ĝen/i - baajin
* ĝi, - (magac-uyaal qof) (la priparolata '''aĵo''' (waax,arrin), '''besto''' (xoolo, bahal) aŭ (ama) '''infaneto''' (ilmo))
* ĝis - ilaa, (xagga, ku)
* ĝust/a - sax, dhag, gaw
=== h ===
* ha - a montras ekmiron aŭ surprizon: Ha, kiel bele! (alla fiicnaydaa!)
* hav / i - haysasho 
* hejm / o - hooy 
* help/i - caawin, kaalmayn 
* hieraŭ - shalay 
* histori/o - [[Taariikh]]
* ho - &quot;Ho&quot; estas ĝenerala (guudahaan) ekkria vorteto por esprimi vivan senton: “Ho, ĉielo!” - Ah!, cir, janno! (guudahaan)
* hodiaŭ - maanta 
* hom/o - dad, aadame, qof (hom - '''ar''' -o) (hom'''ar'''o - dadnimo, insaaniyad, aadaminimo) 
* hor / o - saacad, dersi 
* hotel/o - hudheel 
=== i ===
* i - Mi volas labor'''i''' (infinitivo) voli - rabid, doonid; labori - shaqayn 
* ia (libro) - kitaab uun (tabelvorto)
* ial, '''(tabelvorto)''': (sabab)(meelahaas)
* iam - '''(tabelvorto)''': mar, waa, (meelahaas); tempo - wakhti, milay, goor
* -Id - hundo → hund'''id'''o = nematura hundo; hundo - ey (kadhallinyar/ugu dhallinyar); (arbo -geed) arb'''id'''o
* ide/o - fikrad 
* ie - meeluun '''(tabelvorto)'''
* iel - si'uun, si uun (meelahaas) '''(tabelvorto)''' maniero - nooc, dariiq, si
* ies, - (qofuun)(meelahaas) posedanto - hanti, maal '''(tabelvorto)'''
* -Ig - (sufikso); akra - afweyn, kulul (basbaas); tranĉ'''il'''o - mindi; akra → akr'''ig'''i = agi tiel, ke io fariĝas akra: Mi akr'''ig'''as mian tranĉilon.
* -Iĝ, (sufikso); akra - afweyn, kulul (basbaas); akra → akr'''iĝ'''i = fariĝi akra La ekonomia krizo akr'''iĝ'''is. Milito - dagal, dirir: La milito akr'''iĝ'''is.
* -Il, (sufikso); tranĉi - jarid, gooyn; tranĉ'''il'''o - mindi; tondi → tond'''il'''o = instrumento por tondi (kiu konsistas el du klingoj): tond'''il'''o - maqas
* ili - iyaga / iyagaa; magac-uyaal qof 3 pluralo 
* imag / i - malayn, sawirasho 
* -In - (sufikso); (homo - dad, aadame, qof) homo → hom'''in'''o = ina homo (dhaddig); ina - dhaddig 
* -Ind - (sufikso); am'''ind'''a - (naxariis); ami → am'''ind'''a = tia ke ĝi meritas esti amata; '''ind'''a korano - [[Qur'aan]]
* infan / o - ilmo 
* inform/i - gaadsiin, waamid, wargelin 
* -Ing, glavo: (tranĉ'''il'''o - mindi)(milito)(Milito - dagal, dirir): glavo - glav'''ing'''o (dhaqan)(shandad)
* instru/i - barid, casharsiin; (instru'''ad'''o - xiisad, dersi)
* int - (Aktiva participo) leg'''int'''a = tia, ke oni antaŭe legis
* inter - (inter ni - waa aniga iyo adiga) 
* interes/i - xiisayn (intereso - xiiso, dan) 
* invit/i - martiqaadid, casuumid, codsasho (invito - martiqaad) 
* io - (woxoogaa), inyar, kis, wax '''(tabelvorto)''' (meelahaas)+(-o nedifinita aĵo - wax,arrin (meelahaas))
* iom - woxoogaa '''(tabelvorto)''' (iom mono - woxoogaa lacaga) (meelahaas)+(-om kvanto - qiyaas (intee? meeqa?))
* iran / o - [[Iiraan]]
* ir//i - tegid 
* is - (tege) mi labor'''is''' (mi laboris = la ago “labori” okaz'''is''' antaŭ nun) (jooge: mi laboras) 
* -Ism, (Budho → Budh'''ism'''o) (komuna (guudahaan)→ komun'''ism'''o)(kapitalo - maal → kapital'''ism'''o); Islamismo;
* -Ist (kurac'''ist'''o - dhaktar, dabiib)(kurac / i - baanasho, (baxnaanin, lamacaaamil)) (juĝ'''ist'''o - xaakin) (polic/o - [[booliis]]); (polic'''ist'''o - [[booliis]], askari) 
* it. (pasiva participo it: plenumiĝo aŭ rezulto) (La ŝtelisto estis arest'''it'''a de polic'''ist'''o. (ŝtel'''ist'''o - tuug) (ŝtel/i - xadid) (polic'''ist'''o - [[booliis]], askari)
* ital / o - [[Talyaaniga]]
* iu - cid, qof; (qofuun, ciduun) '''(tabelvorto)''': -u individuo, difinita aĵo, - (dad, aadame, qof), wax, arrin (gaw)
=== j ===
* j - (dom/o - guri, aqal) - 1 dom'''o''' (singular, keli; 2 domo'''j''' (wadar) 
* ja - (Vi '''ja''' aŭdis per oreloj propraj) (ka xoogan, run, dhab)
* jam - mar hore
* januar / o - Janaayar [[Janaayo]]
* japan/o - [[Jabaan]]
* jar/o - sannad 
* je - meeleeye; Preni iun je la mano (= lia), per la mano (= sia).Konduki iun je la nazo. ''(je estas rolvorteto sen difinita signifo. Ĝenerale oni evitu je, se pli bona alternativo ekzistas.)'' 
* jen (adverbo) '''Jen''' la suno subiras, venas la nokto. (La suno estas subita - cadceeddii waa dhacday)
* jes - haa (Respondvortoj); (jes, ja - haa waan jecelahay)
* ju - (intii/markii .. waa intii) '''Ju pli''' da mono ni havos, '''des pli''' rapide kaj bone iros kompreneble nia afero. '''Ju pli''' da laborantoj estos, '''tiom pli''' rapide estos finita la granda konstruo
* juli/o - [[Yulyo]] ([[Luuliyo]])
* jun/a - marras; infan'''et'''o - saqiir; junulo - barbaar; junuloj - barbaar; ŝaf'''id'''o (j) - maqal; kapr'''id'''o - maqal; ŝaf'''id'''oj kaj kapr'''id'''oj - maqal;
* juni/o - [[Yunyo]] ([[Juun]]) 

=== ĵ ===

* ĵaŭd / o - [[Khamiis]] 
* ĵet/i - saaniyey, toosin, xukumid 
* ĵus - haddadan, imikadan 

=== k ===
* kaj - iyo 
* kalkul/i - xsiaabin 
* kamp/o - beer 
* kant//i - heesid, balweyn
* kapabl / a - kar, awood
* kapt/i - qabasho, jilaabasho, halqafid 
* kar / a - wanaagsan, qaali 
* kart/o - tigidh, taysaro, sawirdhul (landokarto de Germanujo - sawirdhuleedka Jarmalka) 
* kased/o - cajal; cajalad; (sanduuq) rikoodh, rikoodh ku qabasho; kasedo de magneta rubando; kasedo de magneta disko aŭ lumdisko 
* kaŝ/i - qarin (isquarin, dhuumasho)
* kaŭz/o - sabab (kauŭz/i - tiu vorto kaŭzis la malpacon)
* kaz / o - (naxwaho) (deklinacio) (''nominativo'', (ilahaansho);(kee); layeele) 
* ke - kaa, si ay, (Ŝajnas, ke pluvos). (muuqasho), (daid, roobid) (-os soosocde) 
* kelk/a - (in/wax yar) kelka'''j''' - dhawr 
* kia - (maxay) '''(tabelvorto)'''En infano vidiĝas, kia homo fariĝos. ''(ki- demandovorto - magac-uyaalweyddiin)''(-a eco - tayo, sifo)
* kial - waayo '''(tabelvorto)'''''(ki- demandovorto - magac-uyaalweyddiin)''(-al kialo - sabab (sababtee?))
* kiam - goorma '''(tabelvorto)'''''(ki- demandovorto - magac-uyaalweyddiin)'' (-am tempo - wakhti, milay, goor)
* kie - meel, xaggee '''(tabelvorto)'''''(ki- demandovorto - magac-uyaalweyddiin)'' (-e loko - meel, deegaan, goob)
* kiel - waayo '''(tabelvorto)'''''(ki- demandovorto - magac-uyaalweyddiin)''(-el maniero - nooc, dariiq, si)
* kies - Kies filo vi estas? '''(tabelvorto)''' ''(ki- demandovorto - magac-uyaalweyddiin)''(-es posedanto - hanti, maal)
* kio - maxay, (kaa, wax)''(ki- demandovorto - magac-uyaalweyddiin)''(-o nedifinita aĵo - wax,arrin (meelahaas))
* kiom - intee, meeqa '''(tabelvorto)'''''(ki- demandovorto - magac-uyaalweyddiin)'' (-om kvanto - qiyaas (intee? meeqa?)
* kiu - kuma '''(tabelvorto)'''''(ki- demandovorto - magac-uyaalweyddiin)''(-u individuo, difinita aĵo, - (dad, aadame, qof), wax, arrin (gaw))
* klar/a - cad, saafi; (klara akvo - biyo cad)
* klas/o - - saf, heer, fasal; (klasĉambro - qolfasal); (societo, matematiko, botaniko); (altklasa homo; la laborista klaso;)
* klav/o - (taabasho) (fure) (pianoklavo)(muusiik) (klavo de piano, klavo de tajpilo); 
* klopod//i - dadaalid (klopodo - dadaal, dhib) 
* klub / o - naadi 
* knab/o - wiil, kuray; knab'''in'''o - gabadh
* kolekt/i - urur in; Kolekto - urur
* kolor/o - midab (kolorfilmo - filim midab ah)
* komenc/i - bilaabid 
* komerc//i - ganacsasho; (komerco - bucshiro, ganacso)
* komision/o - 	wadar (guddi)
* komitat/o - guddi 
* kompren / i - fahmid, kasid 
* komput/i - xsiaabin; (komputilo: Maŝino por komputi - (makiinadqorid/xisaab/xisaabin/xisaabaad)''(Computer)''
* komun/a - guudahaan (komuna (guudahaan)→ komun'''ism'''o)
* koncern/i - khusayn 
* kongres/o, -(haasaawe) (konferenc /o - shir) (konference -	 fadhdhi / fadhi) (haasaawe)
* kon / i - garasho, aqoonid 
* konkret / a - runtii, dhabtii (Montri tre konkrete sian dankon.) 
* konsent//i -	heshii, guddoon, (qabbil) (ogol, waa yahy)
* konsil/i - naseexee, (konsilo'''j''' - talo); (konsil'''iĝ'''i - talo wyddiin) (konsilodomo - dawladda hoose) 
* konsist//i - kooban (unu minuto konsistas el sesdek sekundoj) 	(minuto - daqiiqad) (sekundo - sugundo)
* konstru/i - dhisid, ratib, (dhiso, dhis)
* kontakt/o - 	 taabo (kulan, gunud) (tashi);(kontakt'''ig'''i- (hadlid))
* kontent/a - ruaali, ( esti kontenta per - ku raali ahaan(sho) 
* kontraŭ - lid, xagga
* kontrol/i - untuxaabudm baadgudm tuhaabub); (ekzamen/o, kritik/o) kontrolo - imitixaan, tijaabo
* korb/o - dambiil
* kost/i - joogid (qiimo),dhadhamin 
* kred / i - aaminid, rumaysasho, malayn 
* kresk//i - korid, kordhid 
* krom - ka sokow, (ka sokow/laakiin(se)); (krome - takale)
* kruel / a - (awoodsheegad)(kruela kiel tigro, besto);(kruel/i - (burburin, dumin, kharibid) (kruel/o - jengeli) 
* kuir / i - karin, baylin (cunto karin) 
* kultur/o - dhaqan, ilbaxnimo 
* kun - weheliyo, la socoda 
* kupon/o - (ingiriisi: coupon/voucher)
* kur//i - socosho, ordid
* kurs / o - deris, waxbarasho 
* kuŝ//i - dhacid, oolid, jiifid (lito - sariir);(kuŝejo - sariir)
* kutim/i - laasimid, qabatimid; (kutimo - caado, lassim; kutima - guud ahaan, caado ahaan) 
* kvankam - inkastoo 
* kvar - afar (4) 
* kvazaŭ - (marka) / (bal aan adhahno/odhano)
* kvin - shan (5) 
=== l ===
* la - (qodob) 
* labor//i - shaqayn (laboro - shaqo, hawl, waxqabasho) (laboristo - shaqaale); (esti senlabora - shaqola'aansho) 
* lag/o - badyaro 
* lakt/o - caano 
* land/o - dhul, dal; (pejzaĝo - bilicdhul)
* larĝ/a - ballaadh 
* las/i - dhaafid, eyn, ogolaasho, samayn 
* last/a - dambe, ugu dambeeyey
* laŭ - loo eego, waafqasan 
* lav/i - maydhid, dhaqid 
* lecion/o - dersi, cashar, daras, meeris
* leg /i akhrisaho, akhriyid; Korano - [[Qur'aan]]
* lern/i - barasho, dersid
* leter / o - dhambaal, warqad 
* lev/i - hinjin, baacin
* li - isaga (magac-uyaal qof) (li estas knabo)
* liber/a - xor, bannaan
* libr/o - kitaab, buug
* lig/i - (guntid) (ligo- (kulan, gunud) (Alligi ŝipon al la kajo.) ((lig'''il'''o) (computer) - (iskuxiriir))
* lingv/o - hadal
* literatur/o - suugaan 
* loĝ // i- kunoolasho, degenaasho 
* lok/o - meel, deegaan, goob 
* long / a - dheer, dherer 
* lud // i ciyaard (ludo - ciyaar, dheel) 
* lund / o - [[Isniin]] 
=== m ===
* maj / o - Maayo [[Maajo]]
* mal-, (cagis, lid)(cagiska, sida kale); bona (fiican, wanaagsan) → '''mal'''bona (xun); (granda - weyn, dheer) → ('''mal'''granda - yar,kis)
* malgraŭ - waxkastoo 
* manĝ/i - cunid, cunto qaadasho; manĝo - cunto, (cuunto, quud)
* manier/o - nooc, dariiq, si 
* mank//i - dhinaasho, maqnaasho
* man / o - gacan 
* mard/o - [[Talaado]] 
* mark/o - summad, calaamad, tigidh 
* mar/o - [[bad]]
* mart / o - [[Maarso]]
* maŝin/o - makiinad, ijjin, ( tajpi - makiinad (teeb) ku qorid); (tajp'''il'''o - makiinadqorid; skribmaŝin/o - makiinadqorid;)
* maten/o - aroor, subax; (Bonan matenon! - aroor/subax wanaagsan) 
* material/o - alaab 
* mem - (qodh(ayda), naf(tayda) (Mi longe interne batalis kun mi mem.)
* membr/o - xubin
* memor/i - xasuusasho memoro - xasuus 
* merkred/o - [[Arbaco]] 
* mesaĝ/o - war (mesaĝ/i - gaadsiin, waramid, wargelin)
* met/i - jiifin, dhigid, meelayn, 
* metod/o - hab
* mez / o - dhex, badhtame 
* mi - anigaa (magac-uyaal qof) (Mi amas min mem.)
* miks / i - qasid, khaldid, laaqid 
* mil - kun (1000)
* miliard / o - bilyan (1 000 000 000) 
* milion/o - milyan ( 1 000 000) 
* milit // i, (Du militas, tria profitas.) (milito - dagal, dirir);(militistaro - xoogga);(savarmeo - xoogbadbaado)
* minus - naaqus (10 - 6 = 4 dek minus ses faras kvar;)
* minut/o - daqiiqad 
* mir//i - yaabid, layaabid (miro - yaabi) (miraklo - yaab) 
* mis-, kompreni - fahmid, kasid → '''mis'''kompreni - khaladfahmid = kompreni erare (gaf, khalad)
* moment/o - muddo, ilbidhiqsi, waxyar 
* monat / o, bil (monat / e - bilkasta)
* mond / o - adduun
* mon / o - lacag ([[Lacagta]]; ETB [[Birr]]; IQD [[Ciraaqi Diinaar]] [[Ciraaq]];USD [[Dollar]] [[Qaramada Midoobey ee Maraykanka]]; EUR [[Euro]] [[Yurub]]; KES [[Shilin Kiinyaati]] [[Kiinya]]; SOS [[Shilin Soomaali]] [[Soomaaliya]];)
* mont / o - 	taag, buur, (haaar) 
* montr/i - tusid, muujin, tilmaamid
* morgaŭ - aroor, subax 
* mort//i - dhimasho; morto - dhimasho 
* mov / i - dhaqaajin 
* mult/a - wax badan, in badan 
* mus/o - [[walo]]; muso; Komputilo: (Enigilo (dialoga disponaĵo) kiun la uzanto movas (ĵargone: „trenas“) sur horizontala ebeno (ekz-e sur sia tablo, prefere kovrita per musmato), tiel movante muskursoron) 
* muzik/o - muusiik (muziki - muusiik samayn)
=== n ===
* n. - 1. (=layeele/akuzativo): la ronda'''n''' tablo'''n''' (kiu'''n''' ?) (=layeele); 2. &quot;n&quot; - (xag, gees)
* naci / o - qaran, ummad 
* naĝ//i - dabaalasho 
* nask/i - ka dhalasho; (nasko - dhalasho) (datreveno - (maalin)dhalasho
* natur/o - dabeecad 
* naŭ - sagaal (9)
* ne - may(a) 
* neces/a - lagama maarmaan 
* nek, 
* nenia - (midna, qofna, cidna) (neni- (&quot;maya&quot;) + -a eco - tayo, sifo) '''(tabelvorto)''' ''(ni bezonas '''nenian''' helpon;)''
* nenial, (neni- (&quot;maya&quot;) + -al kialo - sabab (sababtee?) '''(tabelvorto)''' ''(li nenial ĉesis skribi al mi;)'' (ĉesi - joojin, gabagabayn)
* neniam - weligeedna; (neni- (&quot;maya&quot;) + -am tempo - wakhti, milay, goor) '''(tabelvorto)''' ''(mi neniam fumis;)''
* nenie - meelaba; (neni- (&quot;maya&quot;) + -e loko - meel, deegaan, goob) '''(tabelvorto)''' ''(nenie mi povos ĝin trovi;)''
* neniel - (neni- (&quot;maya&quot;) + -el maniero - nooc, dariiq, si) ''ni neniel interesiĝas pri tio;'' '''(tabelvorto)'''
* nenies - (qofnaba, cidnabe) (neni- (&quot;maya&quot;) + -es posedanto - hanti, maal) ''Esperanto estas nenies propraĵo;'' '''(tabelvorto)''' (propraĵo - hanti, maal)
* nenio - waxba; (neni- (&quot;maya&quot;) + '''(tabelvorto)''' (ni nenio'''n''' povis vidi; '''-n''' - layeele);'' Ekzistas '''nenio''' certa sur la tero, krom tio, kion la homo posedas en sia propra brusto kaj kapo.''
* neniom - waxba (neni- (&quot;maya&quot;) + -om kvanto - qiyaas (intee? meeqa?) '''(tabelvorto)''' ''(vi neniom ŝuldas al mi;)''
* neniu - qofnaba, cidnaba; (midna, qofna,cidna) (neni- (&quot;maya&quot;) + -u individuo, difinita aĵo, - (dad, aadame, qof), wax, arrin (gaw) '''(tabelvorto)''' ''neniu'''n''' ni renkontis;'' (renkonti - helid, kulmid; -n layeele)
* nepr/e - marleyba, (lagama maarmaan),
* neŭtral/a - dhexdhexaad
* ni - anaka / anakaa (magac-uyaal qof) ''(Ni vidas per la okuloj kaj aŭdas per la oreloj.)''
* -Nj - patrino (hooyo, maama) → Pa'''nj'''o (patrino, wanagsan, qaali) ''(Per '''NJ''' oni faras karesajn nomojn de vir'''in'''oj.)''
* nokt/o - habeen; bonan notkton - habeen wanaagsan; tranokti - uhoyasho, baryid; ''(tranokti en hotelo, sub tendo; ili manĝis kaj trinkis kaj tranoktis tie)''
* nom/o - magac 
* nord/o - woqooyi;[Waqooyi]]; (norda - xagga/geesta woqooyi) ; 	
* normal/a - caadi, fayaw, miyirqab 
* nov/a - cusub 
* novembr / o - Noofeembar, [[Nofeembar]]
* nu - (hadda, iminka, imika) ''(Nu, nu! Ne ploru!)'' (plor/i - ooyid, baroorasho)
* nul - eber 
* numer/o - tiro 
* nun - hadda, iminka, imika 
* nur - keliya 
=== o ===
* o - magac -o; (amik'''o'''- saaxiib; tajlor'''o''' -dawaarle, harqaanle; ĉeval'''o''' - faras; krajon'''o''', bros'''o''' - caday, burush) 
* -Obl - ''“multipliko”''. (du → du'''obl'''o = kvanto duobla - labanlaab) (Matematikaj esprimoj - Xisaab)
* ofic/o - mammuus, maamul; xafiis; (ofic'''ej'''o - xafiis) 
* oft/e - badanaa, inta badan 
* ok - siddeed (8) 
* okaz//i - dhacid; kio okazis ? maxaa dhacay? Akcidento okazis - qallad baa dhacday ; ''(Okazu, kio okazi devas)''
* okcident/o - [[galbeed]]; [[Galbeed]]; (okcident/a - okcident/e - xagga galbeedka) 
* oktobr / o - [[Oktoobar]] 
* rigard / i - eegid, fiirin 
* vid / i - arkid 
* okup/i - (fadhiisaso, dagal,dirir); '''ek'''okupi - bilaabid; '' (Sin okupi pri arto.'' - (sawirid, rinjiyeyn)) 
* ol - marka ''(ŝi estas pli ol bela, ŝi estas belega)''
* -On, ON = “divido”.( du → du'''on'''o 1/2 - badh) (Matematikaj esprimoj - Xisaab)
* oni - dad, iyaga, adiga, anaka (magac-uyyal) ''(oni kredas, ke kometoj anoncas malfeliĉon)''
* ont - (Aktivaj participoj - soosocde) ''(Viro, kiu poste leg'''os''', estas leg'''ont'''a viro.)''
* -Op - ''“grupo kun certa nombro da membroj” :du → duopo = grupo de du, paro; dek → dekopo = grupo de dek''
* opini/i - malayn, ujeedid; (opinio - aragti, ra'yi, male) 
* ordinar/a - guud ahaan, caado ahaan
* ord/o - nidaam, habayn; ''orda'' (ama) ''ord'''em'''a'' - hagaagsan, habaysan, nidaamsan; ord'''ig'''i - nidaamin, hagaaj in, habayn, 
* organiz/i - dunmi, qabanqaabi, tabaabulyee; (ordo); (organiz'''aĵ'''o); organizo - abaabul, tabaabulyo
* orient/o - [[bari]]; (orienta - xagga/geesta bari) 

* os - (soosocde) Mi vid'''os''' - Waan arki doonaa. (Morgaŭ est'''os''' lundo.)- [[Isniin]])
* ot - ''pasiva participo'' (OT - ''stato'' (xaal) ''antaŭ ago)'' ''Oni elektu OT-participon, se temas pri stato'' (xaal) ''antaŭ la ago.'' ''(Libro, kiun oni poste leg'''os''', estas leg'''ot'''a libro.)''
* ov/o - [[ukun]], ugax, beed 
=== p ===
* pac/o - nabad 
* paĉj/o - (-aabbe) (Patro - aabbe → Paĉjo) ''(-ĉj, - ( Karesvorto por patro (aabbe): „Patreto! Pa'''ĉj'''o!“) Patro:'' (raaxo, naxariis, dareenbadan): ''Paĉjo! (Patreto!)''
* pag/i - bixin 
* paĝ/o - dhinac, bog 
* pan/o - kimis, roodhi, furin
* paper/o - xaashi, warqad; (leteropapero - (ama) - leterpapero - xaashi qoritaan) 
* pardon/i - cafid, saamixid, raaligelin; (Pardonu! Pardonu min - iga raali ahaw!) 
* parol//i - hadlid; (parolo - hadal, khudbad; (paroli pri.. - hadal jeedin) 
* part/o - qayb, sed; (rezervparto - dayactir; wadar) 
* pas//i, - (dhaafid, baaraash)''(li pasis al mi - wuu i dhaafay) (pasi sur la strato, la placo, tra kampo); (paso - pasejo en monto - taag,haar) (waddo,jid); lia tago pasadis en studado;''
* patr / o - aabbe 
* pec/o - garooc, jab, hal, qayb, (peco da pano - hal rooti ah) 
* pend//i - deldelid, sudhid (''la filo dependas de sia patro'' - kuxidhnaaasho)
* pens//i - malayn, fikirid 
* per - (meeleeye) ''(Per hakilo ni hakas; sin nutri per legomoj; hak/i - jarjar (jarid, gooyn, garaacid, tumid); (legom/o - legomo'''j''' - khudrad, noocyo khudrad) - (nutr/a - nafaqo; nutr/o - gashin, geshin; nutra manĝaĵo - (baan);'' ''plenigi botelon per akvo;)''
* perd/i - lumid, halaabid, (perdo - halaw, khassare) 
* perfekt/a - dhan; (dhan, buuxa)( si buuxda, dhan, idil); ''(mi komprenas perfekte - si wanaagsan ayaan u fahmayaa)'' ; ''perfekte ludi pianon;'' 
* period/o - ammin
* permes/i - ogolaasho, yeelid 
* person/o - qof ; persona/persone - qof ahaan; person/'''a'''(tilmaame):'' mia person'''a''' situacio;'' person/'''e''' (falkaab): ''mi konas lin person'''e'''''
* pet/i - baryid, codsasho, tuugid
* pied/o - cag, lug; ''piediri - lugayn, cag ku socosho; planko - dhulka aqalka; piediranto - dadka lugta, socoto''
* plaĉ//i - cajebin, kahelid ; ''(bone plaĉas al mi - si wanaagsan bay ii cajebisey); (tre plaĉas al mi ĉi tie); plaĉa - nefis'' 
* plan/o - qorshe 
* plej - ''(Superlativo)''- plej ofte - badanka, inta badan; (Aŭgusto estas mia ''plej'' amata filo.)''forta xoog - pli forta (ol) - ka xoogan - '''plej''' forta (el) - ugu xoogan'' ''(Akceptu mian plej koran dankon.)''
* plen/a - buux 
* plezur /o - farax 
* pli - (Komperativo) ka badan; pli kaj pli - kolba ka sii badanaysa; ''(lakto estas pli nutra, ol vino);(nutr/a - nafaqo'');
* plu - (i ntaa kaddib, waxa dheer, ka durugsan); '''ktp''' (k·t·p ← '''kaj tiel plu''') - '''(iwm.)''' iyo wixii la mid an (iwm.)
* plur/aj - dhawr (pluraj personoj atestis tion);(pruvi - caddayn)
* plus - (2 + 2 = 4 → Du plus du faras kvar.)(matematiko - [[Xisaab]]) 
* po - (midwalba, midkasta, qofwalba) '' (la drapo kostas po 2 $ dolaroj por metro (2 dolarojn por ĉiu metro);''
* poem/o - gabay 
* pom/o - tufaax [[Tufaax]]


* popol/o - dad, qaran 
* popular/a - (lajecelyahay); (dad,qaran) 
* por - xaraf
* pord / o - [[albaab]], irrid, gool
* port/i - quaadid, xidhasho, sidhasho 
* post - (dambe, gadal); ''La virineto kaŝis sin post kelkaj altaj ŝtonoj.'' post - dabaddeed, (kaddib); post kiam - (dambe, kaddib, mardambe) (- Post kiam li alvenis, ni manĝis.) ; post tio - haddana, dabadeedna, markaana (Kvaronon da horo post tiuj vortoj ...)
* poŝt/o - boos; poŝtkarto - kaadh 
* pov/i - karid 
* pra- - “antaŭ tre longa tempo, primitiva”; origino de la mondo -(asal, bilaw)(da, weynann); tempo → '''pra'''tempo = la komenca tempo de la homaro aŭ de la mondo; (avino - ayeeyo; mocooyo; avo - awow); da': (patro); gabow: (avo); kabax: '''pra'''avo, '''pra'''avino 

* precip/e, - (badanka) ''La lando vivas precipe el vitkultivado''; (vino - khamri)
* prefer/i - 	 bidid; doorbidid (rab)(door)('''doorbidid, kajeclaasho'''); (rabid, doonid, jeclaasho)
* preleg//i - dersid (akhrsasho, akhriyid)+(publiko - dadweyne); prelego/prelego'''j''' - duruus
* pren/i - qaadasho 
* pres/i - daabacid (libro - kitaab) 
* preskaŭ - dirqi, farciddideed 
* pret/a - diyaar; (diyaar) ''Mi estas preta preni, rompi la lancon por la vero.'' (lanco - waran, ciise)

* preter - tagey, dhaafay, (dhammaad, tagey) (Li pasis '''preter''' mi - wuu i dhaafay)
* prezent/i - deeqid, bandhigid, yaboohid; barid, sooqadimid, 
* prezid/i, - (fal)(salaan) (madaxtooyo); (prezidanto - madaxwyne, madaxweyne, guddoomiye); prezid'''e'''nto - madaxa dawladda; (Francujo, Francio - [[Faransiis]]; Germanujo, Germanio - [[Jarmal]], Usono [[Mareykan]]: prezid'''e'''nto)
* prez/o - qiimo, sicir 
* pri - kor, dul (Prepozicio - meeleeye)''Li parolas pri leono. La temo de la prelego estas leono.'' (leono - [[Libaax]])
* princip/o - weedhweyno
* printemp/o - gu'; (printemp'''e''' - gu'ga dhexdiisa); [[Gu]]

* pro - sababtoo ah, waayo, maxaa yeelay ''(prepozicio)'' ''Ŝiaj dentoj frapadis pro malvarmo.'' (dento - ilig)dentisto - dhakhtarilko)(dentbroso - caday, buruushilko)
* problem/o - mushkilo 
* produkt/i - soosaarid, (fal); produkt'''o''' - (fabrik'''ad'''o)(produkt'''ad'''o) - waxsoosaar; ''(nur '''produkto''' de mia fantazio)''; (fabriko - wershed)
* program/o - barnaamij; ''(sistema programaro: Ilprogramoj de komputa sistemo necesaj por funkciigi aplikajn programojn; aplika programaro: Kolekto da aplikaj programoj por iu ekstera aplika tereno (kontraste al sistema programaro).)'' 
* proksim/a - dhaw; pli proksima (ol) - ka dhaw; plej proksima (el) - ugu dhaw 
* propon/i - kutalin, arrimin, soojeedin; propono - talo, arrin
* propr/a - keed a, kiisa, wixiisa, gaar, khaas; (kun propraj okuli- indhihiisa;) (''Fidu propran okulon.'') (fido - kalsooni; fid/i - (ku) kalsoonaasno ) 
* prov/i - (tijaabin);''(provi instrumenton, maŝinon, ponton, ĉapelon); (instrumento - qalab, aalad)(ponto- kaabad);(ĉapelon- koofiyad);''''Montru al mi provon de via aktora arto.'' 
* publik/o - dadweyne
* punkt/o - dhibic, joojis; ''(akurata - ballan ku beeg, ballan ilaalis)''
* pup/o - boomballo; [[دمية]]''la infano serĉis sian pupon'' (ludi - ciyaard) (kokino - digaagad,wadar, diyaad, dooro); (kokineto-digaag); [[Pupo (ludilo)]]
* pur/a - nadiif, dhaqan 
=== r ===
* radi/o - raadyo 
* rajt/o - gar,xag, qaanuun
* rakont/i - kasheekayn, werin; rakonti historion - sheeko kasheekayn; rakont'''o''' - sheeko, sheekoxariiro 
* rapid/a - dhakhso, degded
* raport/i - warbixin; (kawarramid); (raportisto - wariye; raporto - warar)

* re- - haddana, mar kale; ĉiufoje (relegi) - (haddana oo haddana akhrisasho, akhriyid); saluti → '''re'''saluti = respondi saluton per saluto; diri → '''re'''diri = diri denove la saman aferon;
* redakt/i - (qorid) ( gazeto - wargeys) ''(redakti artikolon, raporton, cirkuleron, leteron)'' (avizo, komunikaĵo; mesaĝo - dhambaal)(leter / o - dhambaal, warqad) (cirkulero - wareegto); (raporto - warar);
* region/o, - deegaabn, gobol; (sabab);
* regul/o - xeer; ([[Xisaab]]) regelmässig - joogto
* reklam/o - 	iidheh; (xidhiidh dadweyne)
* rekt/a - toos; (rekta linio - xariiq toosan; iru rekte! - toos u soco!)
* renkont/i - kulmid; ''(mi renkontis lin hejme - gurigaan kula kulmay isaga)''
* respond/i - jawaabid; respondo - jawaab 
* rest//i - joogid, oolid 
* ret/o - shabaq, shebeg; '''La''' interreto - [[Internet]]; komputilo - [[Kumbuyuutar]];''(Por la fakuloj „la Interreto“ estas unu speciala el multaj interretoj;)''
* ricev/i - helid, qaadasho
* riĉ/a - hodan; (riĉo - hodanimo; riĉ'''ec'''o - hodanimo)
* rid//i - qoslid; (rid'''et'''i - ilkocaddayn)(fal); (rid'''et'''/'''o''') (magac); (rid'''ind'''a - ruwaayad, wax lagu qoslo)
* rigard/i - eegid, fiirin (vid/i - arkid)
* rilat/i - (fal): (mi ne povas kompreni kiel via konkludo rilatas kun viaj premisoj.) (rilato - xidhiidh); ([[Xisaab]]); (rilatoj - xiriir); (relatoj - cilaaqaad); (premiso: kondiĉo, bazo)(maksimo, principo - weedhweyno)
* rimark/i - dareemid, fiirsasho 
* river/o - [[webi]] 
* romp/i - jabid, jebin; ''(rompi brako'''n''' - gacan ka jabid; rompi sian vorton - eray jebin, eray burin)'' 
=== s ===
* sabat / o - [[Sabti]] 
* saĝ/a - xikmad, caqli; (saĝo - xikmad; saĝ'''ec'''o - xikmad);(intelekto, menso, racio - caqli)
* salon/o - (manĝosalono - qolcuno, qolcunitaan); (salono, eleganta ĉambro); (qaabilid, qabasho, helid)(marti); (legosalono - kutuble, kutubhaye);(libro - kitaab, buug) 
* salut / i - bariidin, salaamid 
* sam/a -qodh(ayda), naf(tayda); ''(de sama koloro, de sama valoro)''; (kolor/o - midab); (valor/o - qiimo, qaayo)
* san/a - caafimad, bedqab, fayow, esti sana caafimaad qabid, bedqabid, saniĝi - caafimaadid, raysasho, bugsasho; sanigi - bogsiin, bogsasho; sano - cafimaad; (la sana homa menso - caqli fayow; ''(sana menso en sana korpo)'';
* sat/a - (tilmaame); esti sata - dhergid, fulid; (&quot;sata malsatan ne povas kompreni&quot; - sata homo ne povas kompreni malsatan homon) L. L. Zamenhof; C. Rogister ed.: Proverbaro esperanta, Stafeto, La Laguna, 1974 ISBN 400-7609-6 
* scienc/o - [[aqoon]], [[cilmi]]; sciencisto - [[aqoonle]], [[cilmiyahan]] 
* sci/i - aqoonid, garasho, ogaaasho; scio - aqoon, garasho; (mi volas scii; mi deziras scii - waxaan rabaa inaan aqoodo;)
* se - marka 
* sed - laakiine(se)
* seĝ / o - kursi
* sekv/i - raacid; sekve - natiijo, go'aan; 
* semajn/o - toddobaad; semajnfino - toddobaadka dabayaaqadiisa; (labortago - maalin toddobaadka ka mid ah); (laboro - shaqo, hawl, waxqabasho); (tag/o - maalin); 
* sen - la'aan, bilaa
* senc / o - dareen, macne
* send/i - dirid; sendi per poŝto - [[boos]] ku dirid
* sent / i - dareemid
* sep - toddoba (7)
* septembr / o - Seteembar [[Sebteembar]]
* serĉ/i - baadhid, raadin, (doon)doonid; 
* seri/o - saf, taxane; (televidserio, filmserio)(filmo - filim);(matematiko - [[Xisaab]])
* serv/i - adeegid
* ses - lix (6)
* si - naftiis, iskiis; (magac-uyaal); (Elizabeto lavas '''sin''' en la lago); (a sama persono kiel la subjekto, se tiu ne estas mi, ni aŭ vi (aŭ ci))
* sid//i - fadhiisasho 
* signif/i - macnaysanaasho; signifa - macne, muhiim; sifnifo - macne, muhiim; 
* simil/a - eki, iskumid
* simpl/a - sahlan, fudud, jilicsan
* simul/i - (li '''ŝainas''' esti malsana - wuxuu u muuqdaa inuu bukaan yahay); simul'''il'''o - (dayuurad, aalad, dersi, aqoon); komputilo - [[Kumbuyuutar]]
* sinjor/o - mudane; sinjoroj! - mudanayaal! sinjoro (..)! mudaane (..); sinjoro doktoro (s-ro doktoro) - mudane dhakhtar); s-ro (..); sinjor'''in'''o (s-ino) - naag, afo; sinjorino (..) - afada (..); mia edzino - afadayda, xaaskayga; fraŭlino - gashaanti, gabadh; fraŭlino (..) - gashanantida (..);
* sistem/o - hab; (nervosistemo, nervsistemo, nerva sistemo, nervo - dareeme); komputilo - [[Kumbuyuutar]]
* situaci/o - xaalad; ''(komika situacio),(komika - maad)''
* skatol/o - baakidh, qardaas, sanduuq; nigra skatolo: (nigra - madaw), (aeroplano, aviadilo, avio - dayuurad),(akcidento - shil); (flugo - duulliin, duulitaan), (aerodromo - gegidayuurad, garoondayuurad); (alo, flugilo, (ŝvebilo) - baalal, baadad, biyaano) 
* skrib / i- qorid 
* sol/a - keli, mid
* somer/o - xaggaa [[Xagaa]]
* son//i - (fal); sono - cod, midab; sonbendo rikoodh; surbendigi - rikoodh ku qabasho; (surbendigilo - aaladda rikoodhka); (magnetofono - aaladda rikoodhka);(brua, laŭta - kor, sare); (mallaŭta - hoos)
* special/a - khaas; eksperto, specialisto, specialisto'''j''' - khubaro; (specialiĝo - takhasus)
* spec/o - nooc, dariiq, si; (iu speco da bestoj); (speci/o: „La origino de specioj“ (verko pri biologio de Ĉ. Darvino)) 
* spert/a - waayo'arkid, usoojoogid; sperto - waayo'aragnimo; (li havas granda'''n''' sperto'''n''' en sia fako - waayo'aragtinimo weyn buu u leeyahay shaqadiisa) 
* sport/o - ciyaar(o); sport/i - ciyaaro samayn; Sportisto - ciyartow
* staci/o - joogsibas, joogsitareen
* star // i - taagnaasho, joogid, istaagid 
* strat / o - waddo, jid
* stud / i - dersid, jaamacad (studento - arday) 
* stult/a - adhlax, maansuukh, dhaandahaan; (stultulo - maansuukh, dhaandhaan ) 
* sub - hoos, daaf 
* sud/o - konfuur; [[Koonfur]]
* sufiĉ/a - (kufilan), sufiĉe - kufilan; (fal): sufiĉ/i - kufilaaasho, tio sufiĉas (por ni) - intaasi kufilan (..); ''(tiu sumo ne sufiĉas;)''
* sukces//i - guulaysasho; sukceso - guul; ''(liaj verkoj havis, akiris, ricevis, ĝuis, atingis entuziasman sukceson;)'' 
* suk/o - fuuq 
* sun/o - cadceed, ([[Qorax]]); (stelo - xiddig, [[Xidig]])(stelfiguro - sumadxiddig, xiddig)
* super - kor, dul 
* supoz/i - malayn, moodid, dasooqaadid;(supozeble - kasooqaad); ''(mi supozas, ke li baldaŭ alvenos;)''
* supr/'''e''' - kor, sare; supr'''a''' - sare, kor; (&quot;xag + n&quot;: ''(mi staris supr'''e''' sur la monto kaj rigardis malsupr'''en'''))'' 
* sur - guud, kor 
=== ŝ ===
* ŝaf/o - [[ido]] 
* ŝajn//i - (eg);(ifid), (muuqasho) (li '''ŝainas''' esti malsana - wuxuu u muuqdaa inuu bukaan yahay)
* ŝanĝ/i - bedelid, doorin, sarifid; sanĝi monon (ĉe banko) - lacag sarifid (..); ''(la vento ŝanĝis sian direkton)''
* ŝat/i - rabid, doonid, jeclaasho; mi ŝatas (volonte) .. - waxxan rabaaa (aad)...
* ŝi - iyada; ''(ina persono; ununombra virina pronomo de tria persono)''
* ŝip/o - [[markab]] 
* ŝir/i - dillaacin, jeexid
* ŝtat/o - dawlaad (presid'''e'''nto - madaxa '''dawladda''')- (presid'''a'''nto - madaxweyne, guddoomiye)
=== t ===
* tabl/o - [[miis]] 
* tag/o - maalin [[Maalin]]
* tamen - haddana, hase yeeshee/ahaatte; 
* task / o - hawl, shaqo 
* teatr/o - [[golemadadaale]]
* tekst/o - (skribi vortojn); ''(Vorta konsisto de dokumento, ordinare de skribaĵo;)'' (kelmed, kelmad, erey, eray, hadal, khudbad, oroh, qowl); ''(gazeto - [[wargeys]]; libro - [[kitaab]], [[buug]]); (gazetoteksto, libroteksto)''(skribo - qoritaan, qoraal, skribisto, verkisto - qoraa; skriba - qoraal ahaan;)
* telefon/o - telifoon (-i telifoonin) (telefonlibro - buugtelifoon) (poŝtelefono)
* teler/o - saxan 
* televid/o - [[telifishan]], gogaanarag (televid/i telifishan daawasho)(televidilo - telifishan) 
* tem/o - arrin, ammuur, amuur''(Tio, pri kio oni parolas, skribas, verkas, pensas;)''
* temp/o - wakhti,(waqti); milay, goor; kol, beri, samaan, wakhti, jeer, kal, moog, mar, muddo, had; tempo, epoko -	xilli; tempo, epoko - sabaan; tempo, epoko, okazo, ŝanco - waa; tempo,okazo, ŝanco - moogaan; tempo, okazo, ŝanco - milay; tempo, epoko, periodo -	semen; tempo, epoko, periodo - seben;
* ten/i - qabasho, joogsasho, hayn, (fari paroladon - hadal qabasho) ''(li faris du paroladojn en la komerca ĉambro);'' 
* ter/o - dhul; ([[Dhul]])
* terur/o - cabsi, baqdin, argagax; (tilmaame '''-a'''; falkaab '''-e''') horor'''a''', terur'''a''', terur'''e''' - cabsi leh, baqdin leh;
* tia - taas/kaas, oo kale; (ti- 'indikvorto' - fakufiiqe (magac-uyaal tilmaame))+ (-a eco - tayo, sifo)
* tial - sidaas (awgeed) darteed; (ti- 'indikvorto' - fakufiiqe (magac-uyaal tilmaame))+ (-al kialo - sabab (sababtee?)
* tiam - haddana, dabadeedna, markaana; ti- 'indikvorto' - fakufiiqe (magac-uyaal tilmaame)+ (-am tempo - wakhti, milay, goor)
* tie - halkaa, meeshaa (ti- 'indikvorto' - fakufiiqe (magac-uyaal tilmaame))+ (e loko - meel, deegaan, goob)
* tiel - (sidaa); (ti- 'indikvorto' - fakufiiqe (magac-uyaal tilmaame))+ (-el maniero - nooc, dariiq, si); (li estas tiel granda, kiel vi -dhererkaaguu leeyahay, isku dherer baa tihiin)
* ties, - (ti- 'indikvorto' - fakufiiqe (magac-uyaal tilmaame))+ (-es posedanto - hanti, maal)(magac-uyaal lahaansho); ''&quot;kies panon oni manĝas, ties vorton oni parolas&quot;''
* tim/i - cabsasho, baqasho; timo - cabsi, baqdin; (terura, terure, timinda - cabsi, baqdin);
* tio - kaa, midkaa; (ti- 'indikvorto' - fakufiiqe (magac-uyaal tilmaame))+ (-o nedifinita aĵo - wax,arrin (meelahaas)); ''tio estas tre facila;''
* tiom - isla markaaba, iyo kale, (ti- 'indikvorto' - fakufiiqe (magac-uyaal tilmaame))+ (-om kvanto - qiyaas (intee? meeqa?)) ''(kiom da kapoj, tiom da opinioj)''
* tiu - kan, kaa; (ti- 'indikvorto' - fakufiiqe (magac-uyaal tilmaame))+ (-u individuo, difinita aĵo, - (dad, aadame, qof), wax, arrin (gaw)); ''(tiu estas mia amiko;)''
* tra - dhex, gudub 
* traduk/i - turjumid; traduko, tradukado, tradukaĵo - turjun; ''(li tradukis la frazon el la somala lingvo en la germana - weedh af Soomali ah ayuu Jarmal ku turjumey;)'' 
* trakt/i -(fal); traktado - waanwaan; ''(trakti kun la venk'''int'''o pri la paco);'' (venko - guul) 
* tranĉ/i - jarid, gooyn, (kudristo, tajloro - dawaarle, harqaanle); (tranĉi drapon;)(drapo - masar, maro);(''krioj tranĉis aeron, la noktan silenton;)''
* trans - (kor, dul); ''(la popoloj loĝantaj trans la maro;)''
* tre - add; (tre granda homo; tre rapide iri; tre laŭte paroli; tre multe da akvo;)
* tri - saddex (3) 
* trink/i - cabbid, dhamid 
* tro - waxbadan; ''(tro ami ludon; tro da pano;)'' 
* trov/i - helid
* tuj - markiiba, haddiiba 
* turn/i - duubid, wareejin; ''(turni ŝlosilon en la seruro;)'' 
* tut / a - gebi, dhan, idil 
=== u ===
* u - foriĝ'''u'''! - dhuumo!, baxso! isqari!(amar, farniin);(labor'''u''' = la ago “labori” estas dezirata, petata, ordonata aŭ celata)
* -Uj, (mono - lacag)(sako - kiish, jawaan) mono → mon'''uj'''o = sak'''et'''o por porti monon; teo - shaah, caleenshaah, teo → te'''uj'''o; 
* -Ul - (ul/o - qof) (persono - qof) fremda → fremd'''ul'''o; (qof)sisheeye, (qof)qalaad; bono, bonulo,(wanaagsan) (ulo - qof) 
* -Um, (kovri - doboolid, dedid; sapo - saabuun); sapo → sapumi = kovri per sapo (= sapi); ''(folio → foliumi = turni la foliojn de libro por legi)''
* universal/a - caalami
* universitat/o - [[jaamacad]]; (dugsi); (studento - arday; stud'''ad'''o, studio, studo - wasbarsho, aqoonkorodhsi; studi - dersid, jaamacad tagid; doktoro - dhakhtar)
* unu - kow 
* urb/o - [[magaalo]], bender 
* us. ''(Se mi est'''us''' riĉa, mi ne labor'''us'''.)''(labor'''us''' = la ago “labori” estas imagata)''(Se mi estus sana, mi estus feliĉa.)''
* util/a - dheef leh, waxtarbadan; utili - faa'i i dayn, waxtarid; profito, utilo - faa'iido, dheef, waxtar;
* uz/i - isticmaalid, kutagrifalid ''(uzi multe da salo)''
=== v ===
* vagon/o - baabuur, gaadhi 
* valor/o - qiimo, qaayo 
* varm/a diiran, dugsoon 
* ve - ve!, ve! (lament/i, plend/i - (ka)dacwoodid); (plendo, lamento - dacwad); ''ve al ni, ni estas ruinigitaj''
* vend/i - iibin, gadid; vendisto - iibiye, gade 
* vendred/o - Jimce [[Jimco]]
* ven//i - imasho; ''(malamiko venis en nian landon);'' (malamiko - cadaw) 
* venk/i (fal), venko - guul; 
* verk/i - shaqayn, falid, bogasho; ''verki libron, operon, raporton;''(libro - kitaab)
* ver/o - run (ver/a - run, dhab)
* vesper/o - fiid; Bonan vesperon! - fiid wanaagsan!(vespermanĝo - casho); vespere - fiidkii;
* vest/o - lebis, hu, gashad; (robo - lebis, toob); (kapvesto/ĉapelo - koofi(yad)) 
* veter/o - [[cimilo]] 
* vetur//i - safrid, dhoofid, boqoolid 
* vi - adigaa; vi - idinka; via - kaaga/taaga; via - kiin/tiina 
* viand/o - hilib, jidh, cad; buĉisto - hilible; buĉ/i - (fal), ''(virina lango buĉas sen sango)''
* vid/i - arkid (rigard/i - eegid, fiirin))
* vilaĝ / o - tuulo 
* vintr/o - jiilaal [[Jiilaal]]
* vir/o - nin, xaas; vira - lab; virino - naag, afo; (Ino - naag, afo); virina - dhaddig; femala - dhaddig; ina - dhaddig;
* viv // i - noolasho
* vizit/i - booqasho, siyaarasho; vizito - booqasho, marti, siyaaro; viziti la teatron - golaha madadaalada booqasho 
* vojaĝ // i - safrid, boqoolid (vojaĝ / o safr, boqool) (bona vojaĝo - safar wanaagsan!) 
* voj / o - waddo, jid
* vol / i - rabid, doonid 
* vort / o - eray, (erey)
=== z ===
* zorg /// i - daryeelid, dhawrid (zorg /o - werwer, walaac, daryeel)
-------------------

(Elŝutita el
&quot;http://www.uea.org/vikio/index.php/Radikoj-685 {{Wayback|url=http://www.uea.org/vikio/index.php/Radikoj-685 |date=20110514095728 }}&quot; Laste redaktita je
09:24, 27. Jun 2010.)

== Il - ''Fonto'' (Jarmal) ==
* [http://www.esperanto.de/gej/elshutoj/soleichtschwarz2_UM.pdf '''Il''' ''- (Fonto: © DEJ 12-2001; kaj © H.J.) folio en germana lingvo: SO LEICHT IST ESPERANTO ! DEJ'' www.esperanto.de] {{Wayback|url=http://www.esperanto.de/gej/elshutoj/soleichtschwarz2_UM.pdf |date=20100714125857 }}


== ''Esperanto-afriko.org'' / Waxbarasho ==
* [http://esperanto-afriko.webs.com/kursojcourscourses.htm ''(Helpo'': '''www. esperanto-afriko.org.'''''(kurso en araba lingvo)''] {{Wayback|url=http://esperanto-afriko.webs.com/kursojcourscourses.htm |date=20110722011930 }} 

== Waxbarasho ==
* [http://eo.lernu.net/kursoj/babili/1/alfabetoa.php a,b,c - (ilmo) (= '''waxbarasho''') 30 afaf qalaad '' kursoj 30 lingvoj''] {{Wayback|url=http://eo.lernu.net/kursoj/babili/1/alfabetoa.php |date=20100703052343 }}
* [http://ar.lernu.net waxbarasho - kurso en araba lingvo] {{Wayback|url=http://ar.lernu.net/ |date=20080207113108 }} لِرنو: موقع تعليمي لإسبرانتو

== Qaamuus Soomaali-Ingiriis-Jarmal ==
* [http://www.buske.de/product_info.php?cPath=1_153&amp;products_id=2157&amp;osCsid=v5epgkn1nf7bgr9fsm66a3aibe6ske87 ''Vortaro germana - somala somala - angla - germana, 302 paghoj, 4-a eldonejo 2009; Mohammed Ali Farah / Dietmar Heck Somali Wörterbuch Deutsch-Somali / Somali-Englisch-Deutsch'' '''Qaamuus Jarmal-Soomali Qaamuus Soomaali-Ingiriis-Jarmal Mohammed Ali Farrah; Dietmar Heck''' © ''Helmut Buske Eldonejo Hamburgo 1990/2009 (jaro 1990:'' ISBN 3-87118-939-1 ''jaro 2009:'' ISBN 978-3-87548-055-9. (www.buske.de)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.buske.de/product_info.php?cPath=1_153&amp;products_id=2157&amp;osCsid=v5epgkn1nf7bgr9fsm66a3aibe6ske87 |date=20110812034711 }}

== Qaamuus ''ttt / www'' ==
* [http://www.esperanto-afriko.org/Vortaro%20esp-somala.pdf qaamuus Af-esperanto - Af-soomali] {{Wayback|url=http://www.esperanto-afriko.org/Vortaro%20esp-somala.pdf |date=20120419195944 }}
* [http://www.reocities.com/lilandr/lingvoj/somala/eo-so01.html Liland Brajant ROS’ - '''Qaamuuska Af-Soomaali- Af-Esiperaanto] {{Wayback|url=http://www.reocities.com/lilandr/lingvoj/somala/eo-so01.html |date=20131006213342 }}'''
* [http://www.reta-vortaro.de ttt - www - Qaamuus/''vortaro'' : www. reta-vortaro.de] 
* [http://eo.lernu.net/kursoj/babili/1/alfabetoa.php a, b, c, lernu.net ''(“Pri la Fundamento“) bildvortaro, vortaro (30 lingvoj)''] {{Wayback|url=http://eo.lernu.net/kursoj/babili/1/alfabetoa.php |date=20100703052343 }}
* [http://eo.lernu.net/lernado/vortoj/bildvortaro/8.php qaamuus - ''bildvortaro''] {{Wayback|url=http://eo.lernu.net/lernado/vortoj/bildvortaro/8.php |date=20120128111830 }}
* [http://www.markacadey.net/dictionary-index.htm Qaamuus Somali - Ingriis / Dictionary English - Somali] {{Wayback|url=http://www.markacadey.net/dictionary-index.htm |date=20100830095940 }}

== Qaamuus Esperanto-Jarmal ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110819212754/http://www.buske.de/product_info.php?cPath=1_113&amp;products_id=2283&amp;osCsid=2c4mu7ujmvq6a1s29brgn4djcu2rbmto Qaamuus] vortaro: Krause Esperanto- Deutsch (Jarmal), © Helmut Buske Eldonejo Hamburgo 1999 ISBN 3-87548-193-3 www.buske.de 

== Qaamuus Jarmal-Esperanto ==
* [http://www.buske.de/product_info.php?cPath=1_113&amp;products_id=2785&amp;osCsid=psbk841q86qi1lft4lp8lmqmvjam5on1 '''Qaamuus'''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.buske.de/product_info.php?cPath=1_113&amp;products_id=2785&amp;osCsid=psbk841q86qi1lft4lp8lmqmvjam5on1 |date=20110819212739 }},''vortaro Krause Deutsch'' (Jarmal)-''Esperanto'' © Helmut Buske Eldonejo Hamburgo 2007 ISBN 978-3-87548-466-3 www.buske.de

== Waxbarasho &quot;Pri la fundamento&quot; ==
* [http://eo.lernu.net/kursoj/fundamento/reguloj/regulo0.php (“''Pri la Fundamento''“)] {{Wayback|url=http://eo.lernu.net/kursoj/fundamento/reguloj/regulo0.php |date=20100627175745 }} quaamuus-sawir ''bildvortaro'', qaamuus vortaro, 30 afaf qalaad ''(30 lingvoj)'' www.lernu.net
* [http://www.akademio-de-esperanto.org/fundamento/index.html ''FUNDAMENTO DE ESPERANTO Antaŭparolo; Gramatiko: GRAMMAIRE (Gramatiko Franca); GRAMMAR ( — Angla); GRAMMATIK ( — Germana); ГРАММАТИКА ( — Rusa); GRAMATYKA ( — Pola);Ekzercaro, Universala Vortaro'']

== Waxbarasho &quot;ilmo&quot; / ''infanoj'' ==
* [http://eo.lernu.net/kursoj/babili/1/alfabetoa.php '''ilmo''' / ''infanoj''] {{Wayback|url=http://eo.lernu.net/kursoj/babili/1/alfabetoa.php |date=20100703052343 }} www.lernu.net ''porinfanaj kursoj'' 

== Qaamuus-sawir ''bildvortaro de lernu.net'' ==
* [http://eo.lernu.net/lernado/vortoj/bildvortaro/66.php (bahalo) /'' mamuloj''] {{Wayback|url=http://eo.lernu.net/lernado/vortoj/bildvortaro/66.php |date=20120210065544 }} www.lernu.net 


== Qaamuus &quot;kontakto-Vortlisto&quot; 884/414 ==
* [http://de.lernu.net/grafikajhoj/biblioteko/gazetoj/facila_vortolisto.pdf qaamuus 884/414 eray] {{Wayback|url=http://de.lernu.net/grafikajhoj/biblioteko/gazetoj/facila_vortolisto.pdf |date=20110831222027 }} ''Vortlisto “facile / tre facile” 2006 © Kontakto (884 / 414 vortoj)
''
== Qaamuus &quot;Juna amiko&quot; ==
* [http://de.lernu.net/biblioteko/gazetoj/juna_amiko/vortlisto.php Vortlisto &quot;''Juna amiko''&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://de.lernu.net/biblioteko/gazetoj/juna_amiko/vortlisto.php |date=20110216015653 }} 

== Qaamuus Kompaktdisko KD - CD ==
* [http://www.books.ch/shop/action/productDetails/5818776/esperanto_kauderwelsch_aussprachetrainer_cd_3831762201.html;jsessionid=8651180039E34FA12DD9C21F1EF97872.www03?aUrl=90007790]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ''KD Kompaktdisko / CD (ad volumo 56) Esperanto Dahmann / Pusch Eldonejo Peter Rump GmbH D-33649 Bielefeld Reise Know-How Rump GmbH September 2006 - Audio-CD'' ISBN 3831762201 EAN: 9783831762200 (www.books.ch) 

== Qaamuus akademio-de-esperanto ==
* [http://www.akademio-de-esperanto.org/akademia_vortaro/index.html?tt=1279022574 quaamuus] miis = ''tablo'' '''tabl'''/ tabl/o www.akademio-de-esperanto.org/

== Naxwaha - kitaab - ''Gramatiko-tabelo kaj libroj'' ==
* [http://www.svisa-esperanto-societo.ch/de/grammatik.html (''gramatika tabelo esperanto'' - jarmal)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.svisa-esperanto-societo.ch/de/grammatik.html |date=20120525120041 }}
* [http://www.buske.de/product_info.php?cPath=1_113&amp;products_id=2780&amp;osCsid=1v2cqju6nuqvj1ulh0mfc9k8mu6tncce Dirk Willkommen] {{Wayback|url=http://www.buske.de/product_info.php?cPath=1_113&amp;products_id=2780&amp;osCsid=1v2cqju6nuqvj1ulh0mfc9k8mu6tncce |date=20110819212650 }} (jarmal) ''(Esperanto-grammatika-libro) ''Dirk Willkommen Esperanto-Grammatik Eine Lerner- und Referenzgrammatik 2a eldonejo 2007. XIV, 132 paghoj.'' EAN: 978-3-87548-475-5. [http://www.buske.de/index.php?cPath=1_113&amp;osCsid=937vtpqqpqjgoks38bemm7r9bpnm3o4o&amp;content=recherche] (www.buske.de)''
* [http://eo.lernu.net/lernado/gramatiko/konciza/terminoj.php ''gramatiko''] {{Wayback|url=http://eo.lernu.net/lernado/gramatiko/konciza/terminoj.php |date=20100714181519 }} (www.lernu.net)
* [http://www.bertilow.com/pmeg/index.html detala gramatiko PMEG, '''naxwaha PMEG''']

== waxbarasho jarmal - soomaali ==
* [http://www.koeppe.de/katalog/katalog_detail.php?ISBN=3-89645-571-0 ''Catherin Griefenow-Mewis Lehrbuch des Somali, Köln 2004] {{Wayback|url=http://www.koeppe.de/katalog/katalog_detail.php?ISBN=3-89645-571-0 |date=20060113013930 }} '''jarmal''' ISBN 978-3-89645-571-0 ''Lehrbuch des Somali'', ''Eine praktische Einführung'' ''Reihe: Afrikawissenschaftliche Lehrbücher Band 16'', ''2004 350 Seiten'', ''zahlreiche Tabellen und Übersichten''
== Ĉinia esperanta retpaĝo ==
* [http://esperanto.cri.cn chinia esperanta retpagho = ĉinia esperanta retpaĝo]
* [http://esperanto.cri.cn/621/2009/06/22/1s97661.htm pri Somalio] {{Wayback|url=http://esperanto.cri.cn/621/2009/06/22/1s97661.htm |date=20110902003651 }}
== Wikimedia ==
* [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Esperanto?uselang=soomaaliga commons.wikimedia]

[[Category:Esperanto]]
[[Category:Afbarasho]]
[[Category:Afafka]]</text>
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{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Boqortooyada Butaan
| common_name            = Bhutan
| native_name            = འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་ཁབ (Druk Gyal Khap)
| image_flag             = Flag of Bhutan.svg
| image_coat             = Emblem of Bhutan.svg
| coa_size               = 90
| symbol_type            = Emblem
| national_anthem        = {{lang|dz|འབྲུག་ཙན་དན་}}&lt;br /&gt;{{transliteration|dz|[[Druk Tsenden]]}}&lt;br /&gt;&quot;The Thunder Dragon Kingdom&quot; &lt;center&gt; &lt;/center&gt;
| image_map              = Bhutan (orthographic projection).svg
| alt_map                = 
| map_caption            = 
| image_map2             = 
| alt_map2               = 
| capital                = [[Thimphu]]
| coordinates            = {{Coord|27|28.0|N|89|38.5|E|type:city}}
| largest_city           = capital
| official_languages     = [[Dzongkha]]
| demonym                = Bhutanese
| government_type        = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[semi-constitutional monarchy]]
| leader_title1          = [[Druk Gyalpo]]
| leader_name1           = [[Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck]]
| leader_title2          = [[List of Prime Ministers of Bhutan|Prime Minister]]
| leader_name2           = [[Lotay Tshering]]
| legislature            = [[Parliament of Bhutan|Parliament]]
| upper_house            = [[National Council (Bhutan)|National Council]]
| lower_house            = [[National Assembly (Bhutan)|National Assembly]]
| sovereignty_type       = [[History of Bhutan|Formation]]
| established_event1     = Unification of Bhutan
| established_date1      = 1616–1634
| established_event2     = Period of [[Druk Desi|Desi administration]]
| established_date2      = 1650–1905
| established_event3     = Start of the [[Wangchuck dynasty]]
| established_date3      = 17 December 1907
| established_event5     = [[Bhutan–India relations#1949 treaty|Indo-Bhutan Treaty]]
| established_date5      = 8 August 1949
| established_event6     = [[United Nations|UN membership]]
| established_date6      = 21 September 1971
| established_event7     = [[Constitution of Bhutan|Constitutional monarchy]]
| established_date7      = 18 July 2008
| area_km2               = 38,394
| area_rank              = 133rd
| area_sq_mi             = 14,824 &lt;!--38,394 km2--&gt;
| percent_water          = 1.1
| population_estimate    = {{UN_Population|Bhutan}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
| population_estimate_rank = 165th
| population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}}
| population_density_km2 = 19.3&lt;!--754388 / 38394--&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 53.0&lt;!--754388 / 14824--&gt;
| population_density_rank = 162nd
| population_census      = 727,145&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bhutan |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/Bhutan.html |website=City Population |access-date=7 May 2019 |archive-date=5 October 2003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031005003408/https://www.citypopulation.de/Bhutan.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_census_year = 2022
| GDP_PPP                = $9.8 billion&lt;ref 
name=imf2&gt;{{cite web|url = https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/April/weo-report?c=514,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2021&amp;ey=2023&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1|title = Bhutan|publisher = International Monetary Fund|access-date = 30 September 2022|archive-date = 30 September 2022|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220930062203/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/April/weo-report?c=514,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2021&amp;ey=2023&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1|url-status = live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2022
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 166th
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = $12,970&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 95th
| GDP_nominal            = $2.6 billion&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2022
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 178th
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $3,144&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 124th
| Gini                   = 37.4 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_year              = 2017
| Gini_change            = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref name=&quot;wb-gini&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url = http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title = Gini Index |publisher = World Bank |access-date = 22 September 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140608054636/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI |archive-date = 8 June 2014 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank              = 
| HDI                    = 0.666 &lt;!--number only, between 0 and 1--&gt;
| HDI_year               = 2021 &lt;!--Please use the year to which the HDI data refers and not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change             = decrease&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2021/2022|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=8 September 2022|access-date=8 September 2022|archive-date=8 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908114232/http://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 127th
| currency               = [[Bhutanese ngultrum|Ngultrum]] (BTN)&lt;br /&gt; [[Indian rupee]] (₹) (INR)
| currency_code          = 
| time_zone              = [[Bhutan Time|BTT]]
| utc_offset             = +06
| date_format            = YYYY-MM-DD
| drives_on              = Left&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=List of left- &amp; right-driving countries |url=https://www.worldstandards.eu/cars/list-of-left-driving-countries/ |website=WorldStandards |access-date=16 November 2022 |archive-date=10 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221110051742/https://www.worldstandards.eu/cars/list-of-left-driving-countries/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| calling_code           = [[Telephone numbers in Bhutan|+975]]
| cctld                  = [[.bt]]
| footnote_a             = The population of Bhutan had been estimated based on the reported figure of about 1 million in the 1970s when the country had joined the United Nations and precise statistics were lacking.&lt;big&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url = http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0/073f330f9a61c6b0c1256aca004f2ea8?OpenDocument |title = Treaty Bodies Database – Document – Summary Record – Bhutan |publisher = [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]] (UNHCHR) |date = 5 June 2001 |access-date = 23 April 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090110224443/http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0/073f330f9a61c6b0c1256aca004f2ea8?OpenDocument |archive-date = 10 January 2009 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/big&gt; Thus, using the annual increase rate of 2–3%, the most population estimates were around 2 million in 2000. A national census was carried out in 2005 and it turned out that the population was 672,425. Consequently, [[United Nations Population Division]] reduced its estimation of the country's population in the 2006 revision&lt;big&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpp |title=World Population Prospects |publisher=[[United Nations]] |year=2008 |access-date=4 December 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100107202521/http://esa.un.org/unpp/ |archive-date=7 January 2010 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/big&gt; for the whole period from 1950 to 2000.
| religion               = {{plainlist|
* 84.3% [[Buddhism in Bhutan|Buddhism]] ([[State religion|official]])
* 11.3% [[Hinduism in Bhutan|Hinduism]]
* 3.2% [[Bon in Bhutan|Bon]]
* 0.7% [[Christianity in Bhutan|Christianity]]
* 0.5% [[Religion in Bhutan|Other]]
}}
| religion_year          = 2020
| religion_ref           = &lt;ref name=&quot;pew2010&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.pewforum.org/files/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213072625/http://www.pewforum.org/files/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf|url-status=dead|title=Pew Research Center – Global Religious Landscape 2010 – religious composition by country|archive-date=13 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;arda2015&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_26_2.asp |title=Bhutan, Religion And Social Profile &amp;#124; National Profiles &amp;#124; International Data |website=Thearda.com |date= |access-date=2022-07-17 |archive-date=17 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717141512/https://www.thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_26_2.asp |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| today                  = 
}}

'''Butaan''' ama '''Boqortooyada Butaan''' waa wadan [[Dhul xiran]] oo ku yaalo koonfurta [[Aasiya]]
Bhutan (/ buːtɑːn /; འབྲུག་ ཡུལ་ Druk Yul), si rasmi ah Boqortooyada Bhutan (འབྲུག་ རྒྱལ་ཁཁབ་ Druk Gyal Khap), waa waddan baddan oo ku yaal Koonfurta Aasiya. Waxay ku taallaa dhinaca waqooyiga bari ee waqooyiga, gobolka Sikkim ee Hindiya iyo dooxada Chumbi ee [[Tibet]] ee galbeedka, gobolka Arunachal Pradesh ee bariga Hindiya, iyo dalalka Assam iyo West Bengal ee koonfurta. Bhutan waa joqraafi ahaan Koonfurta Aasiya waana gobolka labaad ee ugu tirada badan gobolka ka dib Maldives. Thimphu waa caasimadeeda iyo magaalada ugu weyn, halka Phuntsholing waa xarunta dhaqaalaha.

Madax-bannaanida Bhutan waxay ku jirtey qarniyo badan, waligeedna weligeed laguma dhicin taariikhdeeda. Waxaa lagu soo bandhigay waddada Tibaaxda ee Waddada Tibet, Hindiya iyo Koonfur Bari ee Asia, gobolka Bhutanese waxay soo saareen aqoonsi qaran oo kala duwan oo ku salaysan Buddhism. Waxaa hoggaaminaya hoggaamiye ruuxi ah oo loo yaqaano &quot;Zhabdrung Rinpoche&quot;, dhulku wuxuu ka kooban yahay fiefdoms badan oo lagu xukumo sida Buddhist fiqi ahaan. Ka dib dagaalkii sokeeye qarnigii 19aad, Golaha Wakiilku wuxuu dib u midoobey waddanka waxana uu xiriir la sameeyey Boqortooyada Ingiriiska. Bhutan waxay sii wadeen iskaashi istiraatiiji ah oo lala yeeshay Hindiya intii lagu jiray kor u kaca wada xaajoodka Shiinaha, waxaana xuduud la leh xuduudaha dalka China. Sannadkii 2008, waxay ka gudubtay Boqortooyadii buuxsantay Boqortooyada Dastuuriga ah waxayna qabatay doorashadii ugu horreysay ee Golaha Qaranka ee Bhutan. Golaha Qaranka ee Bhutan wuxuu ka mid yahay baarlamanka xorta ah ee dimoqraadiga Bhutanese.

Muuqaalka dalka waxaa uu ka bilaabmaa bannaanka hoose ee dhulka hoostiisa ee koonfurta ilaa buuraha sare ee waqooyiga ee waqooyiga, halkaas oo ay ku jirto dusha sare ee 7,000 mitir (23,000 ft). Buuraha ugu sarreeya ee magaalada Bhutan waa Gangkhar Puensum, taas oo sidoo kale ah musharax adag oo loogu talagalay buurta ugu sarraysa aduunka oo dhan. Waxaa sidoo kale jira duur joogta kala duwan oo ku yaal Bhutan.

Koonfurta Aasiya, Bhutan ayaa markii ugu horreysay ku jirta xorriyadda dhaqaalaha, fududaynta ganacsiga, iyo nabadda; labaad ee dakhliga qofkiiba; waana waddanka ugu musuqmaasuqa badan ilaa 2016. Si kastaba ha noqotee, Bhutan ayaa weli ah waddanka ugu horumarsan. Hydroelectricity waxay xisaabisaa saamiga ugu badan ee dhoofinta.  Dawladdu waa dimuqraadiyad baarlamaani ah; Madaxa dawladda waa Boqorka Bhutan, oo loo yaqaan 'Dragon King'. Bhutan waxay xiriirka diblomaasiyadeed la leedahay 52 waddan iyo Midowga Yurub, laakiin xiriir toos ah kuma laha shan ka mid ah xubnaha joogtada ah ee Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay. Waa xubin ka mid ah Qaramada Midoobay, SAARC, BIMSTEC iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa aan ku haboonayn. Ciidammada Bhutan waxay ku sii jirayaan xiriir xooggan oo ciidamada militariga ah la leh ciidamada Hindiya.

Bhutan sidoo kale waa la xusuusin karaa hormarinta fikradda farxada guud ee qaranka.

[[File:ThimphuView.jpg|thumb|430px|centre|Vista de Thimphu]]

=Tixraac=
{{reflist}}

{{Dalalka Aasiya}}
[[Category:Wadamada Aasiya]]
[[Category:Aasiya]]
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  <page>
    <title>Ceelbuh</title>
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      <text bytes="4070" sha1="k5notrx9qoocyvdikth6tbke02g1wz3" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Ceelbuh
| other_name               = 
| native_name              = Ceel Buux
| nickname                 = 
| settlement_type          = Magaalo
| motto                    = 
| image_skyline            = The City of Elbuh.jpg
| imagesize                = 250px
| image_caption            = Dulmar guud oo ku saabsan magaalada.
| image_flag               = 
| flag_size                = 
| image_seal               = 
| seal_size                = 
| image_map                = 
| mapsize                  = 
| map_caption              = 
| pushpin_map              = Somalia
| pushpin_label_position   = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize          = 
| pushpin_map_caption      = Goobta Soomaaliya
| subdivision_type         = Wadanka
| subdivision_name         = {{flag|Somalia}}
| subdivision_type1        = [[Gobolada Soomaaliya|Gobolka]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Sanaag]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[Gobolada Soomaaliya|Degmo]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Degmada Badhan|Badhan]]
| government_footnotes     = 
| government_type          = 
| leader_title             = Gudoomiye
| leader_name              = Axmed Cali Salaad
| established_title        = 
| established_date         = 
| area_magnitude           = 
| unit_pref                = 
| area_footnotes           = 
| area_total_km2           = 
| area_land_km2            = 
| population_as_of         = 2007&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author=WFP Somalia |date=April 2007 |url=https://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/ena/wfp144576.pdf?iframe |title=Puntland Food Security and Vulnerability Assessment |accessdate=2021-06-17 |archive-date=2021-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208173229/https://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/ena/wfp144576.pdf?iframe |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_footnotes     = 
| population_note          = 
| population_total         = 1800
| population_density_km2   = 
| timezone                 = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset               = +3
| timezone_DST             = 
| utc_offset_DST           = 
| coordinates              = {{coord|10|13|N|48|17|E|display=inline}}
| elevation_footnotes      = 
| elevation_m              = 
| elevation_ft             = 
| postal_code_type         = 
| postal_code              = 
| area_code                = 
| blank_name               = 
| blank_info               = 
| website                  = 
| footnotes                = 
| name                     = Elbuh
| native_name_lang         = Somali
| leader_title1            = 
| image_alt                = 
}}
'''El Buh''' ([[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]: Ceelbuh ) waa magaalo ku taal gobolka Waqooyi Bari ee [[Soomaaliya]] .

Ceel Buux waxay ku taal degmada Badhan . Magaaladu waxay muddo kooban ka mid ahayd maamulkii Maakhir dabayaaqadii 2000-aadkii oo intiisa badan dabooli jiray degmada Badhan , ilaa laga soo bilaabo 1960 si rasmi ah loogu daray maamulka Soomaaliya.
Maajo 2019, Wasiirka Cadaaladda Soomaaliya ayaa booqday Ceel-Buh. Dadka deegaanka ayaa soo dhaweeyay.
Bishii Febraayo 2020, kooxda soo iibinta ciidamada Puntland iyo kooxaha caafimaadka ayaa la geeyey saldhigga ciidanka Ceel Buuh
January 2025, Suldaan Siciid Suldan Cabdisalaan oo ka tirsan Warsangali ayaa shir beeleedka Warsangali ku qabtay Ceel Buuh.
==Xusuusin==
[https://wargeyskadawan.com/2019/05/18/wasiirka-cadaalada-jsl-oo-gaadhay-degmada-ceelbuuh-ee-gobolka-badhan/ &quot;Wasiirka Warfaafinta JSL Oo Gaadhay Degmada Ceelbuuh Ee Gobolka Badhan&quot;]

[https://puntlandpost.net/2020/02/02/puntland-oo-diiwaan-galinta-ciidamada-ka-bilowday-ceelbuh-sanaag/ &quot;PUNTLAND OO DIIWAAN GALINTA CIIDAMADA KA BILOWDAY CEELBUH, SANAAG&quot;]{{Reflist}}
==Tixraac==
[http://laasqoray.net/all-somali-news/waftigii-wasiirka-haweenka-arimaha-qoyska-puntland-oo-gaaray-magaalada-ceelbuh-ee-gobolka-sanaag/ Wasiirka Haweenka iyo Arrimaha Qoyska Puntland oo booqday Ceelbuh]

[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/SO/12/Ceelbuh.html Ceelbuh] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/SO/12/Ceelbuh.html |date=20251102141858 }}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Farraare</title>
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      <text bytes="6784" sha1="fexd99kkemzvt1b8os9dfmkj82w98j7" xml:space="preserve">{{Coord|0|N|180|W|globe:Mars|display=title}}
[[File:Schiaparelli Hemisphere Enhanced.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka meeraha Farraare]]
[[File:Opportunity_Heat_Shield.jpg|thumb|right]]

'''Farraare'''  ({{lang-en|Mars}}; {{lang-ar|المريخ}}; astaan: [[file:mars symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♂]]) sidoo kale loo yaqaano '''Mariikh''' iyo '''Meeraha guduudan''', waa [[meere]] ka mid ah meereyaasha [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]].&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
Magaca meeraha guduudan waxaa loogu bixiyay midabka uu leeyahay markii cirka laga fiiriyo oo ah midab casaan ah. Farraare wuxuu lee yahay jawi aad u khafiif ah oo badankiisu ka samaysan [[Kaarboon|Kaarboon-labo-ogsaydh]]. Wuxuu kaloo lee yahay in yar oo [[Nitrojiin]], [[curiye|Argon]] iyo [[Ogsajiin]].&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[[Nitrojiin]], [[curiye|Argon]] iyo [[Ogsajiin]].&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; 

Farraare labadiisa [[cidhif]] ee qudbiga waxaa ku xargagsan [[Baraf|barafka]] (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) iyo [[Biyo]]. Waxaa lagu wada in waa hore uu meerahan lahaan jiray biyo [[dareere]] ah.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;biyo [[dareere]] ah&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Kulsidka habeen iyo maalin u dhexeeya waa in ka badan 100&amp;nbsp;°C. 

Farraare wuxuu lee yahay buurta ugu joogdheer buuraha [[meere|meerayaasha]] oo dhan, waa buur-burqaaneedda [[Olympus Mons]],&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Buurta ugu dheer buuraha [[meere]] waa [[Olympus Mons]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; oo joogdhererkeedu yahay 25 km . Farraare wuxuu leeyahay [[Dayaxa Farraare|labo dayax]] [[Phobos]] iyo [[Deimos]].&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[[Dayaxa Farraare|labo dayax]] [[Phobos]] iyo [[Deimos]].&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Sol454 Marte spirit.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.25|Oogada Farraare]]

== Tilmaan ==
Meeraha [[Farraare]] (mars) waa kan afaraad ee qoraxda ugu dhow (masaafo [[dherer]] dhan 1.5 [[AU]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |year=2004 |title=Modern Martian Marvels: Volcanoes? |author=David Noever |work=NASA Astrobiology Magazine |url=http://www.astrobio.net/news/modules.php?op=modload&amp;name=News&amp;file=article&amp;sid=1360&amp;mode=thread&amp;order=0&amp;thold=0 |accessdate=2006-07-23 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2010-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100313020403/http://www.astrobio.net/news/modules.php?op=modload |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; u jira qoraxda), isla mar ahaantaana waa mid waxyar ka yar dhulka ayadoo leh 0.107 muga dhulka. Cirkeedu wuxuu inta u badan ka kooban yahay [[Kaarbon|kaarbon labo ogsaydh]] iyo [[cadaadis]] dhan 6.1 millibars&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title= Encyclopaedia of the Solar System|editor=Lucy-Ann McFadden et al.|chapter=Mars Atmosphere: History and Surface Interactions|author=David C. Gatling, Conway Leovy|pages=301–314|year=2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; taasi oo u dhiganta 0.6% cadaadiska dhulka.Foolkaano aad u badan ayaa ka dhaca oogada sare ee Farraare, [[caro|carada]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Mars: A Kid's Eye View|publisher=NASA|url=http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Mars&amp;Display=Kids|accessdate=2009-05-14|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2014-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141020111930/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Mars&amp;Display=Kids|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; meerahani waa mid cas sababtoo ah waxaa ku badan [[macdan]]ta [[Aayron|aayron ogsaydh]] aad u [[daxal]]eysatey.
{{Multiple image|direction=vertical|align=right|image1=Phobos colour 2008.jpg|image2=Deimos-MRO.jpg|width=180|caption1=Dayaxa Phobos|caption2=Deimos  waa Dayaxa labaad ee farraare}}
== Dayaxyada ==
Meeraha Farraare wuxuu leeyahay [[Dayaxa farraare|labo dayax]] oo dabiici ah, [[Deimos]] iyo [[Phobos]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |year=2004 |title=A Survey for Outer Satellites of Mars: Limits to Completeness |author=Scott S. Sheppard, David Jewitt, and Jan Kleyna |work=[[Astronomical Journal]] |url=http://www2.ess.ucla.edu/~jewitt/papers/2004/SJK2004.pdf |accessdate=2006-12-26 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205126/http://www2.ess.ucla.edu/~jewitt/papers/2004/SJK2004.pdf |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Xogta Farraare==
Gibilka [[hawo]] ee ku hareeraysani waa mid [[Fudayd|khafiif]] ah oo u badan [[kaarboon]] laba-oksaaydh (95%) iyo [[Nitrojiin|naaytrojiin]] (3%), cadaadiskiisuna ilaa 100 jeer ayaa uu ka hooseeyaa cadaadiska hawada dhulka. Sidaas awgeed waa ay adag tahay in lagu [[Neefsi|neefsado]]. Heerkulka meerahani waa uu hooseeyaa waxa uuna u dhexeeyaa -153&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C ilaa 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C.  Cadaadiska hawo ee hooseeya iyo heerkulkaas qaboowi waxa ay sababaan in aysan oogadiisu lahaanin biyo hoor ah. Biyuhu markiiba way berfayaan ama uumibaxayaan.

Wareeggiisu aad ayaa uu ugu dhow yahay wareegga dhulka oo maalintiisu waa 24.6 saacad dhuleed, laakiin sannadkiisu waa uu dheeryahay oo waa 1.88 sannad dhuleed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.garanuug.com/abwaan/farraarre/ |access-date=2016-06-23 |archive-date=2016-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903020441/http://www.garanuug.com/abwaan/farraarre/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Fagaagbuldiyaha ''Curiosity'' ==
Fagaagbuldiyeyaal badan ayaa ku dagey oogada Farraarre waxayna soo direen [[Sawir|sawirro]] iyo xog [[saynis]] oo aad u badan. Sawirradaas waxaa ka muuqata in oogada Farraarre ay aad ugu egtahay degaannada [[Lamadegaanka Saxara|saxaraha]] ah. Taas ayaana sababtay in dedaal badan lagu bixiyo wax ka barashada meerahan. Waxaaba la qorshaynayaa in sannadka 2026 dad loo diro oo laga sameeyo meelo dadku degi karaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.garanuug.com/abwaan/farraarre/ |access-date=2016-06-23 |archive-date=2016-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903020441/http://www.garanuug.com/abwaan/farraarre/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Mars Viking 11d128.png|thumb|Fagaagbuldiyaha oo sawirro qaadaya|right]]
{{Multiple image|direction=horizontal|align=center|width=|image1=Mars, Earth size comparison.jpg|width1=175|caption1=Isbarbardhiga: [[Dhul]]ka iyo Farraare.|image2=Mars.ogv|width2=200|caption2=[[:File:Mars.ogv|Animation (00:40)]] Dhaqdhaqaaqa farraare.|image3=GMM-3 Mars Gravity.webm|width3=200|caption3=[[:File:GMM-3 Mars Gravity.webm|Video (01:28)]] ku tusaya sida sadexda orbit ee Nasa u maabeeyeen cuf is beerta jiidadka Farraare.}}

==Qoraalo La Mid ah==
*[[Docay]]
*[[Raage]]
*[[Dusaa]]
*[[Cirjeex]]
*[[Uraano]]
*[[Bluto]]
*[[Waxaraxir]]
*[[Meere]]
*[[Dhul]]
*[[Cir]]
*[[Meere Dhagaxley]]
*[[Dayax]]
*[[Dayaxa meere]]
*[[Qorax]]
*[[Xidig]]
*[[Meere]] 
*[[Dhul badhe]] 
*[[Cilmiga Xidigaha]]
*[[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]
*[[Qorax]]
{{Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay}}
==Xigasho==


{{Reflist}}


{{Gumud}}
[[Category:Dayaxa Meere]]
[[Category:Cilmi Falag]]
[[Category:Saynis]]
[[Category:Cilmiga Xidigaha]]
[[Category:Xiddigis]]
[[Category:Cilmi Fallag]]
[[Category:Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]]
[[Category:Meere]]
[[Category:Koon]]
[[Category:Saynis]]
[[Category:Ilbaxnimo]]
[[Category:Dhul]]
[[Category:Juquraafi]]
[[Category:Noole]]
[[Category:Nolol]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Buraan</title>
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      <text bytes="6356" sha1="1nooa6oy47wadqhxwwlhud6fviep32t" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Buraan
| other_name         = 
| native_name        = 
| nickname           = 
| settlement_type    = Magaalo
| motto              = 
| image_skyline      = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_map          = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = Sanaag
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Goobta.
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = [[Somaliland]]
| subdivision_type1  = 
| subdivision_name1  = 
| subdivision_type2  = [[Gobolada Somaliland|Gobolka]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Sanaag]]
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = 
| leader_name        = 
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_total_km2     = 
| area_land_km2      = 
| population_as_of   = 2007&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author=WFP Somaliland |date=April 2007 |url=https://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/ena/wfp144576.pdf?iframe |title=Puntland Food Security and Vulnerability Assessment |accessdate=2021-06-17 |archive-date=2021-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208173229/https://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/ena/wfp144576.pdf?iframe |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_footnotes = 
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 3300
| population_density_km2 = 
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| coordinates        = {{coord|10|13|7|N|48|46|7|E|display=inline}}
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = 
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
| name               = 
}}
'''Buraan''' sidoo kale loo yaqaan Hiil Buraan ama Hiil Borraan  waa magaalo ku taal bariga gobolka [[Sanaag]] ee [[Puntland]] Waxaa si hufan u maamula Puntland
==Dulmar==
Buraan waxay ku taal bariga Sanaag , una dhow Laas-xorey iyo Hadaftimo , waxaana lagu tiriyaa inay ka mid tahay deegaanada ugu faca weyn gobolka.

Gumaystihii Ingiriiska waxa dhulkan laga aqoonsaday afar deegaan oo kala ah Buraan oo ka tirsan gobolka Sool iyo Ceel-Doofaar, Xubeera iyo Hadaftimo oo Dooxa Gebi ah.
==Gaadiidka==
Sanadkii 2012, Hay’adda Wadooyinka Puntland (PHA) ayaa ku dhawaaqday mashruuc lagu xirayo magaalada Buraan iyo magaalooyinka kale ee fog ama buuraleyda ah ee Puntland iyo wadada weyn ee gobolka. Waddadan oo dhererkeedu dhan yahay 750 KM ayaa isku xirta magaalooyinka waaweyn ee waqooyiga Soomaaliya, sida Boosaaso , Gaalkacyo iyo Garoowe iyo magaalooyin ku yaalla koonfurta. Waa qayb ka mid ah hindise ballaadhan oo ay dawladda Puntland ku horumarinayso, dib-u-habaynna ugu samaynayso kaabayaasha gaadiidka ee gobollada.
==Taariikhda dhow==
Buraan waxa uu muddo kooban dabayaaqadii 2000-aad ka tirsanaa maamulkii Maakhir , oo inta badan ka hawlgeli jiray deegaannada degmada Badhan , ilaa laga soo bilaabo dabayaaqadii 2009 si rasmi ah looga mid noqday maamulka Puntland.
May 2012, wasiir ku xigeenka waxbarashada Puntland ayaa booqday Buraan iyo goobo kale oo waxbarasho. 
Bishii March 2014, beesha Gaashaanbuur ee Warsangali waxay ku shireen Buraan si ay ugu biiraan Somaliland, si ay xiriirka ugu jaraan Puntland, iyo in la xiro xafiisyadii Puntland ee Buraan, Ceel Ayo , Bali busle , iyo Cawsane.
Bishii June 2014, dowladda Puntland ayaa olole cusub oo dhir beeris ah ka bilowday dowlad goboleedka Puntland, iyadoo wasaaradda deegaanka, duurjoogta iyo dalxiiska ee gobolka ay sheegtay in sanadka dhamaadkiisa ay beeran doonto 25,000 oo geed. Magaalada Buraan ayaa ka mid ah todobada magaalo ee loo qoondeeyay in laga sameeyo dhiraynta, waxaana ka mid ah magaalooyinka Garoowe , Boosaaso , Qardho , Buuhoodle , Dhahar iyo Gaalkacyo . Ololahan ayaa qayb ka ah iskaashiga ballaaran ee u dhaxeeya maamulka Puntland iyo Midowga Yurub si loo dejiyo tallaabooyin dhowr ah oo lagu ilaalinayo deegaanka oo laga sameeyay gobolka, ujeeddaduna tahay horumarinta dhiraynta iyo dhiraynta. 
Bishii Luulyo 2014, ciidamada Somaliland waxay ku soo duuleen Buraan. Taas oo ay uga jawaabayaan dadka reer Buraan ayaa mudaharaad ka dhigaya. 
Bishii Nofeembar 2015, ganacsiyada iyo iskuulada ayaa galay fasax si ay u tukadaan roob doon.
Bishii April 2016, Somaliland Sun , oo ka mid ah warbaahinta Somaliland, ayaa sheegtay in inta badan maleeshiyada Warsangali ay Puntland ka bedeshay Somaliland, ayna isugu tageen magaalada Buraan. 
Bishii June 2017, waxaa la sheegay in Buraan laga bilaabay dhismaha isbitaalka dadweynaha. 
Bishii Oktoobar 2019, gaari siday tahriibayaal Itoobiyaan ah oo ka yimid dhanka Itoobiya kuna socday magaalada Boosaaso ee waqooyiga Soomaaliya ayaa koox hubeysan ku weerareen meel u dhow degmada Buraan, halkaas oo ay ku dileen darawalkii Soomaaliga ahaa, sidoo kalena ay ku dhaawacmeen rakaabkii saarnaa. 
Bishii Abriil 2020, booliiska Buraan ayaa gacanta ku dhigay gaari sharci darro ah ka dib markii Puntland ay mamnuucday gaari laga keeno Itoobiya. 
Bishii April 2020 qof rayid ah ayay maleeshiyaad ku dileen inta u dhaxeysa Tuulooyinka Mindigale iyo Cawsane, waxaana maleeshiyadu ay u baxsadeen dhanka Buraan. 
Bishii Janaayo 2021, Somaliland waxay isku dayday inay kor u qaaddo codbixinta gobolka Sanaag ee doorashooyinka qaranka, laakiin madaxda dawladda Puntland waxay ka hadleen inay hubaal ka hortagi doonaan Buraan ahaan, oo ay weheliyaan Dhahar , Xiingalool , Ceel Ayo waa dhul Puntland. Bishii Juun, mas'uuliyiinta Puntland waxay ku dhawaaqeen in aanay Somaliland diwaangelin iyo doorasho ka dhicin degmooyinka Laascaanood , Badhan , Xiingalool, Dhahar iyo Buraan ee gobolka Sanaag. 
Bishii May 2023, guddiga doorashada Puntland ayaa ku dhawaaqay natiijada ku meel gaarka ah ee doorashada goleyaasha deegaanka, iyadoo xisbiga Mideeye uu ku soo baxay kaalinta koowaad ee Buraan oo helay 43% codadkii la dhiibtay.

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
*[[Liiska magaalooyinka Soomaaliya dadka ku nool]]
*[[Liiska magaalooyinka Soomaaliya]]

==Xigasho==
*[http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-4553743&amp;fid=5774&amp;c=somalia Cagaaran]

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Magaalooyinka Soomaaliya]]

{{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Sanaag}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Oodweyne</title>
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      <text bytes="14371" sha1="owebmuk6kd8m7e66vfojvwowld9yeax" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
|official_name          ='''Oodweyne'''
|other_name             ='''أودواين'''
|native_name            =&lt;small&gt;''Oodweyne''&lt;/small&gt;
|nickname               =
|settlement_type        =Magaalo
|motto                  =
|image_skyline ={{Photomontage
|
 |image_flag             = Oodweyne.jpg
}}
|imagesize              =300px
|image_caption          = 
|image_flag             = Oodweyne.jpg
|flag_size              =
|image_  DHO            = Oodweyne.jpg
|seal_size              =
|image_map              = 
|mapsize                = 
|map_caption            = 
|pushpin_map            =Somaliland
|pushpin_label_position =bottom
|pushpin_mapsize        =
|pushpin_map_caption    =Waxay Somaliland kaga taal.
|coordinates_display    ={{coord|09|31|27|N|45|32|13|E|region:SO-TO|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates_region     =SO-TO
|subdivision_type       =Dalka
|subdivision_name       ={{flag|Somaliland}}
|subdivision_type1      =[[Gobolada Somaliland|Gobol]]
|subdivision_name1      =[[Daadmadheedh]]
|subdivision_type2      =[[Gobolada Somaliland|Degmo]]
|subdivision_name2      =[[Degmada Oodweyne|Oodweyne]]
|government_footnotes   =
|government_type        =
|leader_title           =[[Duqa]]
|established_title      =  
|established_date       = 
|area_magnitude         = 
|unit_pref              =Metric
|area_footnotes         =
|area_total_km2         =
|area_land_km2          = 
|population_as_of       =
|population_footnotes   =
|population_note        =
|population_total       =150,031
|population_density_km2 =
|timezone               =[[Saacadda Afrikada Bari|EAT]]
|utc_offset             =+3
|timezone_DST           =  
|utc_offset_DST         = 
|elevation_footnotes    = 
|elevation_m            = 1037
|postal_code_type       = 
|postal_code            =
|area_code              =+25263 z(Somaliland)
|blank_name             =
|blank_info             =
|website                = 
|footnotes              = 
}}&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;'''Oodweyne'''([[Af-Ingiriisi|af Ingriisi]]: Odweine, af [[Carabi]]: [[Oodweyne|أودواين]])waa magaalo ku taalo dalka [[Somaliland]], waxayna ku taala badhtamaha wadada [[Hargeysa]] iyo [[Burco]]. Magaalada waxaa dagan, dad lagu qiyaaso 15,000 oo qof. magaalada waxaa ku wareega, [[Buur|buuro]] iyo dooxyo biyo mareen ah, sida oo kale waxa ay degmadani caan ku tahay, dhul daqsineedka iyo beero labadaba. 
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;'''Oodweyne''' Magaalo madaxda Gobolka [[Daadmadheedh]], waxaana ay degmanimada qaadatay [[1963]], waxaana magaaladan gudaheeda deggan dad lagu qiyaaso 15,000 oo qof. Magaalada [[Oodwayne|Oodweyne]] waxaa ku wareegsan buuro qaddiimi ah, sida buurta '''Qargabil''', oo ah goob laga helo aasaaro qaddiimi ah. [[Oodweyne]] waa magaalo facweyn oo ay degsiimadeeda ku aroorayso qarniyadii dhexe, waxaanay isku xidhi jirtay ganacsigii u kala gooshi jiray [[Hawd|Hawdka]] iyo magaalada [[Berbera]]. [[Oodwayne|Oodweyne]] waxa ay ka mid ah tahay meelihii ugu horreeyay ay timaado ganacsato shisheeye, waxaana degganaa qarniyo badan ganacsato Carab iyo [[Hindi]] ah, kuwaas oo ay ilaa maanta ay hantidoodii magaalada ku dhex yaalliin.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Magaaladani waxa lagu xasuusta kaalintii ay ka ciyaartay halgankii Gobonnimo doonka [[Somaliland]] ee lagu la diriray gumaystihii [[Ingiriiska]], waxaana Magaalada [[Laanmullaaxo]] ee Degmada Oodweyne sannadkii 1956 laga aasaasay Ururkii Gobonnimo doonka ahaa ee [[Xisbullaahi]]. Sida oo kalena waa meelihiu ugu horreyay ee laga abaabulay halgankii [[Daraawiishta]] ee uu hormuudka ka ahaa [[Maxamed Cabdule Xasan|Sayid Cabdulle Xasan]] . Waxa sidoo kale magaalada Oodweyne ay qayb laxaad leh ka qaadatay halgankii [[SNM]].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; Magaalada Oodweyne waxa ay caan ku tahay [[beeraha]] iyo daaqsinka xoolaha, waxaana dhulka ay Degmadu xukunto mara toddoba tog oo waaweyn, kuwaas oo baryihii hore looga soo dhaan doonan jiray dhulal aad u fog. Bulshada ku dhaqan Magaalada Oodweyne waa dadkii ugu horeeyay ee debadda u dhoofiya xoolo nool muddo hadda laga joogo qarni, sida oo kale na waa meeshii ugu horreysay Gayiga Soomaalida ee laga qodo barkad ama baraage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;

==== Xoolaha ====

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;Degmada Oodweyne deegaan ahaan badiba dadka ku nooli waa dad xoolo dhaqato ah, waxaana ay dadku dhaqdaan noocyada kala duwan ee xoolaha, kuwaas oo ay ugu mudan yihiin, [[Suugaan|Geel]], [[adhi|adhiga]] iyo [[Xoolo|gammaanka]]. Waxaana deegaanka Oodweyne ku dhaqan badiba xoolaha ugu badan ee Soomaalida, walow ay hadda Soomaalidu&amp;nbsp; badankeed ay ka soo xeeroodeen miyigii oo ay dhanka magaalooyinka u diga-rogteen, haddana waa dhif iyo naadir qof Reer Oodweyne ah oo aan xoolo miyi lahayn, waxaana ay dadka Reer magaalka&amp;nbsp; ahi ay xoolaha u dhibtaan dadka ay qaraabada&amp;nbsp; yihiin ee Reer miyiga ah, si ay ugu hayaan maadaama aanay ugu dhaqmayn gudaha magaalada. Waxaana xusid mudan, in Sheekh&amp;nbsp; Axmed-Sayid Sheekh Muuse oo Reer Oodweyne ahaa uu bilowgii qarnigii 20aad xoolo-nool u dhoofiyay wadamada Carabta, ganacsigaas xoolaad na waa ganacsigiisa ugu horreeyay ee qof soomaali ahi Deegaanka soomaalida meel ka baxsan oo xoolo ugu dhoofiyo.&lt;/p&gt;

== &lt;strong&gt;Beeraha&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;Oodweyne, kaliya ma aha deegaan xoolo dhaqasho oo kaliya, balse sida oo kale waa deegaan beereed, dadka ku nool deegaanka Oodweyne iyo guud ahaan ba Gobolka Daadmadheedh waa dad xoolo-dhaqato beeralay ah, waxaana uu deegaanka Oodweyne caan ku yahay dhul ku habboon waxbeerashada oo ciddiisuna tahay ciidsan oo waxbeerashada ku wacan, waxaana tijaabo ay sannadkii [[2011]] sameysay Haayadda qaramada midoobay u qaabilsan beeraha ee [[Ururka Cuntada iyo Dalaga|FAO&lt;ref&gt;https://www.faoswalim.org/so/ag_documents?page=1&lt;/ref&gt;]] ay warbixin ku sheegtay in uu deegaanka Oodweyne kaalmaha hore kaga jiro dhanka deegaanada ku habboon waxbeerashada.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;[[File:Xaaxi dooxo.png|thumb]]

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;Oodweyne waxa uu leeyahay dooxooyin aad u badan u ay dadku wax ku beertaan xilliyada roobka ee ay aanay abaaruhu jirin. Waxaana dooxooyinkaas dhulbeereedka&amp;nbsp; ahna ka mid ah: Dooxooyinka Gubato, Beerato, Gosol,&amp;nbsp; Xaaxi, Galoolay, Qalloocato, Gatiitalay, iyo qaar kale oo la mid ah. Dadku waxyaalaha u badan ee ay beertaan waxaa ka mid ah, Garow, digir, sinsin, xabxab, shamaam, liin, canbe, iyo bal ay ugu talo galeen in ay&amp;nbsp; xoolaha siiyaan xilliyada abbaaraha. Waxaa sida oo kale deegaanka Oodweyne mara 7 tog/doox oo waaweyn kuwaas oo marka ay biyuhu ku soo dhacaan ay dadka iyo duunyaduba ka faaideystaan - walow aan looga faaiideysan&amp;nbsp; sidii ay ahayd in looga faaideysto.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;Waxaa sida oo kale Oodweyne deegaankiisa ku yaalla banan dhawr ah oo ay xooluhu daaqaan, kuwaas ay ka mid yihiin, Banka Tuunyo, Banka Aroori iyo Banka Dulcad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
[[File:Dooxada gubato.png|thumb|273x273px]]


&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;


== '''Waxbarashada''' ==
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Oodweyne]] 
waxa ay caan ku ahayd badhtimihii iyo dabayaaqadii qarnigii tagay ee 20aad, dhanka waxbarashada, waxaana looga soo Waxbarasho doonan jiray guud ahaan daafaha deegaanada Soomaalida, waxaana gudaha magaalada Oodweyne ku yaallay, dugsigii dhexe ee ugu magaca iyo meeqaamka weyna deegaanka Soomaalida. Dugsiga Sheekh, haddii aad maqasho waxa soo raaci jiray Dugsiga Oodweyne, waxaana dugsigan waxbarasho ahaan loo gu keeni jiray ardayda imtixaanka kaalmaha ugu sarreysa ka gashay. Waxaana u ahaa dugsigani mid Boodhan ah oo ay ka aflaxeen badiba haldoorkii iyo hoggaankii ummadda Soomaaliyeed min ilaa Raas kaanbooni ilaa min raas caseyr. Waxaana ay haldoorkii dugsigan ka baxay aannu hal tusaale ugu soo qaadan karnaa '''[[Wadaad|Sheekh Mustafe Xaaji Ismaaciil Haaruun]]'''. Waxaa sida oo kale aynu ka xusi karnaa barayaashii haldoorka ahaa ee wax ka ka dhigi jiray dugsigan Fannaankii caanka ahaa ee Maxamed Mooge Liibaan iyo Madaxweynaha [[Soomaaliland|JSL]] Dr. [[Cabdiraxmaan Maxamed Cabdullaahi|Cabdiraxmaan Cirro]]. 
[[File:Boodhanka Oodweyne.jpg|thumb|200x200px]]


&lt;br&gt;


===== Halganka ===== 

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;Degmada Oodweyne waxa ay bilowgii ba kaalmaha hore ka gashay halgankii lagu la diriray gumaystihii Ingiriiska, waxaana dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19aad deegaanka ka kacay halyeeyo ka dhiidhiyay heeryada gumaystihii Ingiriiska, kuwaas oo awood, arrin iyo af ba ku diriray. Waxaana xusid mudan, bilashadii qarnigii 20aad in ay Oodweyne ahayd goobtii ugu horeysay&amp;nbsp; ee lagaga dhawaaqo aasaaska ciidankii iyo cudaddii Darawaashta, waxaana halkaas la isugu keenay xoogaggii ugu horreeyay ee lagu bilaabo halganka, ciidankaas oo ka ahaa soo jeeday beelahii deegaankan KU dhaqnaa kuwaas oo ay tiradoodu gaadhaysay 3000 oo halgamaa. Waxaana hawshaas abaabulkeeda lahaa [[:en:Nur_Ahmed_Aman|Suldaan Nuur Axmed Ammaan]] oo ku noolaa Dariiqada Xaaxi oo 11 KM dhan ka galbeed kaga beegan&amp;nbsp; magaalada Oodweyne.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;Sida oo kale waxa ay magaalada Oodweyne kaalin aad u sarreysa ay kaga jirtaa halgankii Jabhadda SNM, Waxaana saraakiishii ugu magaca weynayd ay ka soo jeedeen Oodweyne, sida Lixle, Haragwaafi, Maxamed-Cali, Axmed-Mire, Madaxdiin, iyo kuwo kale oo la mid ahiba. Waxaana ay magaalada Oodweyne ahayd goobihii ugu badnaa ee ay ka dhaceen Dagaalladii ugu qadhaadha iyo iska horimaadyadii ugu adkaa ee dhex maray ciidamadii Siyaad Barre iyo Jabhaddii hubaysayd ee SNM. Waxaana ay dagaaladaasii magaalada Oodweyne ka dhigeen goob Laga guuray oo ay madaafiicdu daarahaeedii iyo deegaankeediiba burburiyeen, waxaana markii dalka lagu soo noqday ay ay magaalada Oodweyne u ekayd xero ciidan oo aan abid shacab ku noolaanin. Waxaana goob walba yaallay hadhaagii walxihii dagaalka ka soo hadhay, sida gaarayaal gubtay, qaar, xumaaday, hub meel walba yaallay, qasharro, baaruud, iyo miinooyinka iyo banbooyin dhulka hoostiisa lagu duugay, kuwaas oo markii danbena khasaare naf iyo maal ba leh u geystay dadkii rayidka ahaa ee iyagu magaalada soo guryo noqday. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

== &lt;strong&gt;Shiidaalka&lt;/strong&gt; ==
[[File:Ceelka shidaalka oodweyne.jpg|thumb|ceelka shidaalka oodweyne]]
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;Oodweyne waxa uu ka mid ah yahay deegaanada lagu tuhmaayo inuu ku jiro shidaalka ugu badan ee loo filaayo inuu ku duugan yahay&amp;nbsp; deegaanada soomaalida ee xeebta ka soo rogan&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://genelenergy.com/operations/pre-production/somaliland/ |access-date=2022-01-25 |archive-date=2022-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125222334/https://genelenergy.com/operations/pre-production/somaliland/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Waxaana Shirkadda sahamiska [[Shidaal|shiidaalka]] ee [[Genel Energy]] &lt;ref&gt;https://www.bbc.com/somali/articles/c6p9q5j1z59o&lt;/ref&gt;ay sheegtay, in baloogga Oodweyne ee SL10B13 laga qabo rajo aad u wacan oo ah in laga helo wax ka badan 5 bilyan oo foosto sida ay u badan tahay, taas oo ay ku aqiinsadeen tarjumaadda xog-helidda seismic 2D oo la dhammaystiray Janaayo 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://genelenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/genel-somaliland-aow-presentation.pdf |access-date=2024-05-13 |archive-date=2024-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105164336/https://genelenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/genel-somaliland-aow-presentation.pdf |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;[[File:Oodweyne ptl.jpg|thumb|482x482px|Xogta Genel Energy]]&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;br&gt;


== [[Dadka caanka ah ee ku dhashay Oodweyne|'''&lt;small&gt;Dadka caanka ah ee ku dhashay Oodweyne&lt;/small&gt;''']] ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+
|'''&lt;big&gt;Magaca&lt;/big&gt;'''           
|'''&lt;big&gt;Meeqaamka&lt;/big&gt;'''
|-
|[[Suldaan Suleymaan Al Qaanuuni|Suldaan Diiriye Sugulle]]
|Madax Dhaqameedkii Soomaalida ugu caansaa 
|-
|[[Madaxwaynaha Somaliland|Maxamed Xaaji Ibraahin Cigaal]]
|Madaxweynihii labaad ee Somaliland
|-
|[[Halgan|Axmed-Sayid Sheekh Muuse]]
|Aasaasihii Ururka Xisbullaah 1956
|-
|[[Waxbarashada Soomaaliyeed|Maxamuud Axmed Cali]]
|Aabbaha Waxbarashada Soomaalida
|-
|[[Lixle|Maxamed Xaashi Lixle]]
|Sarkaalkii Jebiyay Jeelka [[Mandheera]]
|-
|[[Abwaan|Cali Sugulle Duncarbeed]]
|Abwaanada ugu caansan Soomaalida
|-
|[[Fanaaniinta Soomaaliya|Maxamed Axmed Kuluc]]
|Fannaaniinta ugu caansan Soomaalida
|-
|[[SNM|Maxamed Xaaji Muuse Haragwaafi]]
|Sarkaalkii ugu hawlgallo fulinta badnaa SNM
|-
|[[SNM|Maxamed-Cali Dalmar]]
|&lt;ref&gt;Halgamaagii ugu caansanaa SNM&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|[[Abwaan|Ismaaciil Sh. Axmed Cagaf]]
|Abwaanada ugu caansan Soomaalida
|-
|[[SNM|Yuusuf Jaamac Bullaale Madaxdiin]]
|[[SNM|Saraakiishii Ururka SNM]]
|-
|Duuliye Xayd Gadhbadh
|Duuliye sare 
|-
|Maxamed Aadan Dacar
|Hobal iyo abwaanadii Waaberi
|-
|Maxamed Xaaji Yuusuf Waabeeyo
|Guddoomiyaha 2aad ee Xisbigga Waddani
|-
|Jaamac Cali Cilmi
|Xoghayihii Difaaca ee SNM
|-
|Faadumo Cali Madar
|Ex Xildhibaan golaha deegaanka  Oslo
|-
|'''[[:en:Amina_Moghe_Hersi|Aamina Xirsi Mooge]]'''
|Haweenayda ugu qanisan Ugaanda
|}


[[File:Taallada Xisbullaahi.jpg|thumb|center|480x480px|alt=Taallada Xisbullaahi|'''&lt;u&gt;Taallada Xisbullaahi&lt;/u&gt;''']]


&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20170728203029/https://docs.unocha.org/sites/dms/Somalia/UNDP-POP-RURAL-URBAN%202005.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://slministryofplanning.org/images/REGIONS/TogdherRegion.pdf |access-date=2023-12-13 |archive-date=2020-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013201239/https://slministryofplanning.org/images/REGIONS/TogdherRegion.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;https://books.google.so/books?id=cTtyAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=Oodweyne&amp;redir_esc=y&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somaliland&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;https://shinbiralay.wordpress.com/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxamed_Cigaal&lt;/ref&gt;
==Tixraac==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Magaalooyinka Somaliland]]

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
*[[Burco]]
*[[Hargeysa]]
*[[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]]
*[[Gobolada Somaliland]]
[[Category:SNM]]
[[Category:Somali national Movement]]
[[Category:Daadmadheedh]]
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  <page>
    <title>USC</title>
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      <text bytes="19764" sha1="c6ahzsz03b0obrb4khsz2zgf7zly77b" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox political party
| colorcode        = {{party color|United Somali Congress}}
| name             = Golaha Midnimada Soomaaliyeed
| leader1_title    = Taliyaha/Hoggaamiyaha
| leader1_name     = [[Maxamed Faarax Caydiid]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=United Nations Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeal for Somalia|url=http://www.reliefweb.int/library/appeals/som99.pdf|publisher=[[OCHA]]|date=1998|access-date=May 23, 2007|archive-date=September 27, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927190021/http://www.reliefweb.int/library/appeals/som99.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| native_name      = Golaha Midnimada Soomaaliyeed
| logo             = File:USC emblem.svg
| foundation       = {{Start date and age|1987}}
| dissolution      = {{End date and age|2000}}
| affiliation1_title = Kooxda
| affiliation1     = [[Hawiye]]
| headquarters     = [[Muqdisho]]
| ideology         = [[Dagaal ka dhan ah shantiimada|Kacaan-diid maantiilayn]]&lt;br&gt; [[Siyaad Barre|Siyaad Barre-diid]]&lt;br&gt;[[Hawiye|Danta Hawiye]] &lt;br&gt; [[Wadaniyadda Soomaaliyeed]]&lt;br&gt; [[Soomaaliweyn]]
| international    = 
| colours          = {{Color box|{{party color|United Somali Congress}}|border=darkgray}} [[Madow|Cagaar]]
| country          = Soomaaliya
}}
 
'''Golaha Midnimada Soomaaliyeed''' ('''USC''', {{Langx|so|Golaha Midnimada Soomaaliyeed}}) wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah ururradii jabhadaha waaweynaa ee ka jiray [[Soomaaliya]]. Waxaa la aasaasay 1989-kii, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka qaatay raggidii dowladdii [[Maxamed Siyaad Barre|Siyaad Barre]] ee 1991-kii. Ka dib dagaallo hoose oo dhexmaray, USC wuxuu ka dib u kala jabay laba garab oo ay hoggaaminayeen [[Maxamed Faarax Caydiid]] iyo [[Cali Mahdi Maxamed]].

Labadaba Cali Mahdi iyo Caydiid waxay sheegteen inay hoggaaminayaan dowlado midnimo qarameed, mid kastana wuxuu u tartamayay inuu hoggaamiyo dib-u-dhiska dowladdii Soomaaliya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Ingiriis |first=Mohamed Haji |title=The Suicidal State in Somalia : The Rise and Fall of the Siad Barre Regime (1969-1991) |publisher=UPA |year=2016 |isbn=978-0-7618-6719-7 |oclc=951539094}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isku day ay ku doonayeen inay ku ballaariyaan taageerada saldhigyadooda iyagoo gaashaanbuursanaya kooxo kale oo hubaysan iyo kooxo siyaasadeed, garabkii USC ee Caydiid wuxuu u isbeddelay garabka [[Isbahaysiga Qaranka Soomaaliyeed]] (SNA), halka garabkii Mahdi wuxuu noqday [[Isbahaysiga Badbaadinta Soomaaliyeed]] (SSA).

Markay taariikhdu ahayd 2000, markii la aasaasay [[Dowladda Kumeelgaarka ah]] (TNG), waxaa la bilaabay geeddi-socod ka-dhigista hubka, waxaana hoggaamiyayaashii hore ee USC ka mid ah lagu daray maamulkii cusub ee kumeelgaarka ahaa.

== Taariikh ==

[[File:USC 1990 Political Programme.png|thumb|Barnaamijka Siyaasadeed ee USC ee 1990]]

[[File:USC 1990 Political Programme.jpg|thumb|Barnaamijka Siyaasadeed ee USC ee 1990]]

Dhammasadkii 1980-aadkii, maamulkii Barre wuxuu noqday mid aad u saameyn badan oo la neceb yahay. Dowladda waxay qaadatay hannaan aad u adag, jabhado uu dhiirrigelinayo maamulkii Hantiwadaagga ee [[Etiopia|Etoobiya]] ee [[Derg]] ayaa ka dhashay dalka dhan.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Biddle |first=Stephen D |title=Nonstate warfare : the military methods of guerillas, warlords, and militias |date=26 July 2022 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-21666-9 |page=184 |oclc=1328017938 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Maadaama uu ahaa xubin ka tirsan qabiilka [[Hawiye]], ofisiyaal sare oo dowladeed iyo ciyaaryahan milatari oo khibrad leh, Caydiid waxaa loo arkay doorasho dabiici ah oo lagu caawinayo hoggaaminta ololaha milatari ee Golaha Midnimada Soomaaliyeed ee ka dhanka ah maamulka, markaana si dhakhso ah ayaa looga dhaadhiciyay inuu ka soo tago [[New Delhi]] oo uu ku laabto Soomaaliya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;

=== Aasaaskii ===
Saldhiggeedu uu u badnaa qabiilka [[Hawiye]], Golaha Midnimada Soomaaliyeed waxaa lagu aasaasay magaalada [[Ruma|Rome]] 7 Janaayo 1989-kii iyadoo uu aasaasay [[Cali Maxamed Osoble|Cali Maxamed Osoble (Cali Wardhiigley)]], oo ahaa madaxweyne ku xigeenkii [[Jabhaddeynta Dhaqdhaqaaqa Qaranka Soomaaliyeed]] (SNM) ee Isaaqu hoggaaminayay 1984 ilaa 1987.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Bakonyi |first1=Jutta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-QjKAwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=usc+copied+snm&amp;pg=PA46 |title=A Micro-Sociology of Violence: Deciphering patterns and dynamics of collective violence |last2=Guevara |first2=Berit Bliesemann de |date=2014-06-11 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-97796-4 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Clapham |first=Christopher S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mkeCIJQwPkEC&amp;dq=ali+wardhigley+1987&amp;pg=PA76 |title=African Guerrillas |date=1998 |publisher=James Currey |isbn=978-0-85255-815-7 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; USC waxay tusaale ka qaadatay qaab-dhismeedka ururka iyo hannaanka abaabulka ee SNM,&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; intii ka dhimanayd dagaalkana, SNM waxay gawaarida hawada iyo hub muhiim ah iyo rasaas ka taageeri jirtay USC, kuwaas oo USC aysan awoodin inay si fudud ku hesho.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O6xb2c8b6uoC&amp;q=snm+leadership+was+generous+enough |title=The Weekly Review |date=1993 |publisher=Stellascope Limited |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Dualeh |first=Hussein Ali |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXYwAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=snm+airlift+usc |title=From Barre to Aideed: Somalia : the Agony of a Nation |date=1994 |publisher=Stellagraphics Limited |isbn=978-9966-834-40-9 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ingasta oo xubnaheeda badankood ay marka hore ka bilaabeen xulafo ka tirsan [[SODAF]], [[Jabhadda Badbaadinta Dimoqraadiga Soomaaliyeed|SSDF]] iyo [[Jabhaddeynta Dhaqdhaqaaqa Qaranka Soomaaliyeed|SNM]], USC ee Rome waxay lahayd barnaamij siyaasadeed iyada u gaar ah oo bixinaya hab baahsan oo lagaga jawaabayo cabashada sii kordhaysa ee ka dhanka ah dowladda dhexe ka dib 10 sano oo mucaaradato jabhadeed ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Society, Security, Sovereignty and the State in Somalia From Statelessness to Statelessness? |year=1992 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5vVyAAAAMAAJ&amp;dq=multi-party&amp;pg=PA208 |page=208 |isbn=9789057270383 |last1=Brons |first1=Maria |publisher=International Books |access-date=March 9, 2023 |archive-date=May 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230518122900/https://books.google.com/books?id=5vVyAAAAMAAJ&amp;dq=multi-party&amp;pg=PA208 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;USC waxay habayn doontaa siyaasadaha qaranka, xeeladaha iyo qorshayaasha hawlgalka si si hufan loo aasaaso oo loo adkeeyo Dowladda Dhexe ee Federaalka ah iyo baarlamaan kuraas la doortay oo si dhab ah u matala dhammaan muwaadiniinta Soomaaliyeed. Sidoo kale aasaasidda mabda'a maamul goboleedka u gaarka ah. Tani waxay caawin doontaa in la dhiso maamul baahsan oo nidaamsan oo loogu talagalay hay'adaha dowladda ayna taageerto qorshaynta iyo go'aan-qaadashada maxalliga ah, dadaallada bulshada iyo ka-qaybgalka taas oo dambeyntii horseedi doonta in dadku isku ku kalsoonaadaan dhinacyada oo dhan ee siyaasadda, bulshada iyo dhaqaalaha&quot;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Garabka ciidanka ee USC waxaa la aasaasay dhamaadkii 1989-kii magaalada [[Mustahiil]], oo ah deegaan Hawiye oo ka tirsan [[Etiopia|Etoobiya]], waxaana hoggaaminayay [[Seneraal|General]] [[Maxamed Faarax Caydiid]] ilaa uu ka dhimanayo 1996-kii.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNappA&quot;&gt;{{Citation |mode=cs1 |section=Appendix A: Main Events in Somalia's History |page=105  |title=United Nations Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeal for Somalia |publisher=[[OCHA]] |location=Geneva |date=December 1998 |url=http://www.reliefweb.int/library/appeals/som99.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040124205607/http://www.reliefweb.int/library/appeals/som99.pdf |archive-date=2004-01-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maadaama uu ahaa xubin ka tirsan qabiilka [[Hawiye]], ofisiyaal sare oo dowladeed iyo ciyaaryahan milatari oo khibrad leh, Caydiid waxaa loo arkay doorasho dabiici ah oo lagu caawinayo hoggaaminta ololaha milatari ee Golaha Midnimada Soomaaliyeed ee ka dhanka ah maamulka, markaana si dhakhso ah ayaa looga dhaadhiciyay inuu ka soo tago xilka danjiraha [[New Delhi]] oo uu ku laabto Soomaaliya si uu uga qaybqaato [[Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya|Rebellion-ka Soomaaliyeed]].{{Sfn|Drysdale|1994|pp=20–28}}

=== Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya iyo burburkii maamulkii Barre ===
Ka dib ka-goosashadii Caydiid, wuxuu casuumaad ka helay Madaxweynaha Etoobiya [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]], oo Caydiid siiyay ruqsad uu ku aasaaso oo ku maamulo hawlgal milatari oo USC ah oo ka dhex bilaabma dhulka Etoobiya.{{Sfn|Drysdale|1994|pp=20–28}} Saldhigyada buuraha ee dhow xudduudda Soomaaliya iyo Etoobiya, wuxuu ka bilaabay hoggaaminta weerarkii ugu dambeeyay ee milatari ee Golaha Midnimada Soomaaliyeed ee cusub si loo qabto Muqdisho oo maamulka la rigo.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Richburg |first=Keith |date=8 September 1992 |title=AIDEED: WARLORD IN A FAMISHED LAND |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1992/09/08/aideed-warlord-in-a-famished-land/071be58c-f5fb-47ef-92df-b1197b638ee7/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522135256/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1992/09/08/aideed-warlord-in-a-famished-land/071be58c-f5fb-47ef-92df-b1197b638ee7/ |archive-date=22 May 2024 |access-date=2 September 2022 |newspaper=Washington Post}}&lt;/ref&gt;

USC waxay waqtigaas u kala jabtay saddex garab: USC-Rome, USC-Mogadishu, ka dibna waxaa ku xigay USC-Ethiopia; maadaama labada meelood ee hore aysan ahayn meel habboon oo la kaga bilaabi karo raggida maamulkii Barre. [[Cali Mahdi Maxamed]], oo ahaa xubin saameyn leh oo ka tirsan golaha oo dambe noqday la-tartamaha ugu weyn ee Caydiid, wuxuu soo dhoweyn waayay ka-qaybgalka Caydiid ee USC wuxuuna taageeray garabka Rome ee Golaha, kuwaas oo sidoo kale necebaa Caydiid. Calaamadaha ugu horreeyay ee kala-jeedsashada dhexdeeda USC waxay yimaadeen Juun 1990-kii, markii Mahdi iyo garabka USC-Rome ay diideen doorashadii Caydiid loogu doortay gudoomiyaha USC, iyagoo ka hortagay ansaxnimada codka.{{Sfn|Drysdale|1994|pp=15–16}}

Isla bishaas Caydiid wuxuu sii maray inuu aasaaso gaashaanbuur milatari oo uu la samaystay jabhaddii waqooyiga ee [[Jabhaddeynta Dhaqdhaqaaqa Qaranka Soomaaliyeed]] (SNM) iyo [[Dhaqdhaqaaqa Wadaniga Soomaaliyeed]] (SPM). Oktoobar 1990-kii, SNM, SPM iyo USC waxay saxixeen heshiis ah inaan la samayn haba yaraatee wax wadahadallo nabad ah ilaa la rigo maamulka Barre oo dhan. Waxay sidoo kale ku heshiiyeen inay aasaasaan dowlad kumeelgaar ah ka dib raggidda Barre, ka dibna la qabto doorashooyin.{{Sfn|Drysdale|1994|pp=20–28}}

Nofeembar 1990-kii, warkii ahaa in ciidamada USC ee Gen. Caydiid ay ka adkaadeen ciidankii 21-aad ee Madaxweyne [[Maxamed Siyaad Barre|Siyaad Barre]] ee gobollada [[Mudug]], [[Galguduud]] iyo [[Hiiraan]] wuxuu ku qanciyay kuwo badan in dagaal ka dhaco [[Muqdisho]] uu yahay mid dhow, taas oo keentay in dadka rayidka ah ee magaalada ay bilaabaan inay si dhakhso ah u hubaystaan.{{Sfn|Drysdale|1994|pp=20–28}} Tani, oo la socota hawgallada ururrada kale ee jabhadaha, waxay dambeyntii horseeday bixitaankii buuxay ee [[Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya]], burburkii tartiib-tartiibka ahaa ee [[Ciidanka Xoogga Land Soomaaliyeed]], iyo raggidii maamulkii Barre ee Muqdisho 26 Janaayo 1991-kii. Ka dib noqoshada [[faaruqa awoodda]] ee ka dhalatay dhicitaankii Barre, xaaladda Soomaaliya waxay bilaabtay inay si dhakhso ah uga baxdo maamulka, ka dibna garabyada jabhadaha waxay bilaabeen inay u dagaallamaan maamulida haraagii dowladdii Soomaaliya. Ugu dambeyntii, kala-jabsanaanta u dhaxeysa labada garab ee ugu waaweyn ee Golaha Midnimada Soomaaliyeed (USC), oo ay hoggaaminayeen Caydiid iyo la-tartamihiisa [[Cali Mahdi Maxamed|Cali Mahdi]], waxay horseeday dagaal culus iyadoo qaybo waaweyn oo Muqdisho ah ay sidaas darteed ku burbureen markii labada garab ay isku dayeen inay maamulaan magaalada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lirs&quot;&gt;Library Information and Research Service, ''The Middle East: Abstracts and Index'', Volume 2, (Library Information and Research Service: 1999), p. 327.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ahmed&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Ahmed III |first=Abdul |title=Brothers in Arms Part Forces I |url=http://wardheernews.com/Articles_2011/Oct/29_Brothers_in_Army_abdul.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120503221634/http://www.wardheernews.com/Articles_2011/Oct/29_Brothers_in_Army_abdul.pdf |archive-date=3 May 2012 |access-date=28 February 2012 |publisher=WardheerNews}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Labadaba Cali Mahdi iyo Caydiid waxay sheegteen inay hoggaaminayaan dowlado midnimo qarameed, mid kastana wuxuu u tartamayay inuu hoggaamiyo dib-u-dhiska dowladdii Soomaaliya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;

Guulaha milatari ee USC&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Somalia: Information on the situation in Baidoa and El Wak from 1991 to 1993, and in El Wak in 1996|last=Of Immigration|first=Board|year=1993|url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6abb12e.html|access-date=August 28, 2023|archive-date=September 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915175416/https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6abb12e.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Violations of the Rules Applicable in Non-International Armed Conflicts and Their Possible Causes|last=Alasow|first=Omar|year=2010|publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-18988-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TfN5DwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA34}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Clausewitz and African War, Politics and Strategy in Liberia and Somalia|last=Duyvesteyn|first=Isabelle|year=2010|url=https://postimg.cc/cgGjK65v|access-date=August 28, 2023|archive-date=August 28, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828012202/https://postimg.cc/cgGjK65v|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxay ahaayeen kuwo muhiim ah oo horseeday raggidii dowladdii Barre 26-kii Janaayo 1991-kii, iyadoo taliyihii uu u cararay dibad-joog Ekeeniya. In kasta oo Dowladda Ekeeniya ay milatari ahaan taageeraysay Barre dagaalkii uu ku jiray USC ka hor iyo ka dib raggidiisa,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Report|first=Daily|title=Daily Report Africa (Sub-Sahara) Issues|date=1992|publisher=Foreign Broadcast Information Service|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s64xH9RRIXoC&amp;dq=Siad+Barre&amp;pg=RA7-PA4}}&lt;/ref&gt; USC waxay eryatay ciidamadii Barre ilaa Ekeeniya iyadoo keentay khilaaf diblomaasiyadeed iyo milatari oo dheeraa oo ay la yeesheen Madaxweyne [[Daniel Arap Moi]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Review|first=The Weekly|title=The Weekly Review|date=1992|publisher=Stellascope Limited|page=36|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ElRfjvSzhSYC&amp;dq=united+somali+congress&amp;pg=RA16-PA36|access-date=March 9, 2023|archive-date=April 5, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405061833/https://books.google.com/books?id=ElRfjvSzhSYC&amp;dq=united+somali+congress&amp;pg=RA16-PA36|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Review|first=The Weekly|title=The Weekly Review|date=1992|publisher=Stellascope Limited|page=37|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ElRfjvSzhSYC&amp;dq=Usc&amp;pg=RA16-PA36|access-date=March 9, 2023|archive-date=April 5, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405061832/https://books.google.com/books?id=ElRfjvSzhSYC&amp;dq=Usc&amp;pg=RA16-PA36|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ka hor inta aan looga soo jeedin ururkii OAU ee waqtigaas inuu ku nghỉyo Lagos, Nayjeeriya. Guushaas ka dib si kastaba ha ahaatee, USC waxay ku dhibtootay inay maamusho heshiis siyaasadeed oo ay la gasho la-tartamayaasheeda, [[Jabhaddeynta Dhaqdhaqaaqa Qaranka Soomaaliyeed|SNM]], [[Dhaqdhaqaaqa Wadaniga Soomaaliyeed|SPM]] iyo [[Jabhadda Badbaadinta Dimoqraadiga Soomaaliyeed|SSDF]], waxayna sidoo kale u kala jabtay dhexdeeda hoggaankeeda ka dib markii [[Cali Mahdi Maxamed]] la kaga dhawaaqay Madaxweyne kumeelgaar ah.

=== Kala-jabsanaantii Caydiid iyo Cali Mahdi ===
Labadaba Cali Mahdi iyo Caydiid waxay sheegteen inay hoggaaminayaan dowlado midnimo qarameed, mid kastana wuxuu u tartamayay inuu hoggaamiyo dib-u-dhiska dowladdii Soomaaliya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;

Markii la magacaabay Cali Mahdi Maxamed oo ah Madaxweyne, USC waxay u kala jabtay laba. USC/SNA waxay ka soo baxday Maxamed Caydiid hoostiisa iyo Golaha Midnimada Soomaaliyeed/Isbahaysiga Badbaadinta Soomaaliyeed (USC/SSA) ee Cali Mahdi Maxamed. USC/SNA waxay gashay maamulka wiilkii Maxamed Caydiid, [[Xuseen Maxamed Faarax Caydiid]] ka dib dhimashadii aabihiis 1996-kii. USC/SSA dambeyntii waxay gashay maamulka Gudoomiye ku xigeenka, [[Muuse Suudi Yalahow]].

Labadaba garabyada USC waxay nabad kesheen keshiis bishii Juun 1997-kii, inkasta oo tani ay keentay kala-jabsanaan violently ah oo dhexmartay Yalahow iyo Cali Mahdi Maxamed, dagaalkana wuxuu ka sii socday Muqdisho. Ugu dambeyntii, labadaba Xuseen Caydiid iyo Yalahow waxay dub-u-heshiiyeen oo ay ku qoob-galeen [[Golaha Dib-u-heshiisiinta iyo Dib-u-dhiska Soomaaliyeed]] (SRRC) 2002-kii, iyagoo ka hortagaya [[Dowladda Kumeelgaarka ah]] (TNG). Tani waxay keentay khilaaf u dhexeeya taageerayaasha USC/SSA ee Yalahow iyo [[Cumar Maxamuud Finnish]] (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanno Mahmud Muhammad Finish), oo sii taageerayay TNG. Dagaalka u dhexeeya labada wuxuu dhimasho badan ka geystay [[Muqdisho]].&lt;ref name=AT-LEAST-12-KILLED-IN-MOGADISHU-FIGHTING&gt;{{cite news
|title=SOMALIA: At least 12 killed in Mogadishu fighting
|url=http://www.preventgenocide.org/prevent/news-monitor/2002feb.htm
|publisher=[[The New Humanitarian|IRIN]]
|date=February 26, 2002
|access-date=February 7, 2007
|archive-date=April 5, 2023
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405051331/http://www.preventgenocide.org/prevent/news-monitor/2002feb.htm
|url-status=live
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2001-dii, Xuseen Caydiid wuxuu aasaasay [[Golaha Dib-u-heshiisiinta iyo Dib-u-dhiska Soomaaliyeed]] (SRRC), oo ahaa urur mucaarad ah oo hubaysan oo cusub. Isagoo ka soo baxay Isbahaysiga Qaranka Soomaaliyeed, waxaa markii hore loo aasaasay inuu ka hortago [[Dowladda Kumeelgaarka ah]] (TNG) ee curdinka ahayd iyo [[Isbahaysiga Dooxada Juba]] (JVA) muddadii 2001–2004. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dambeyntii wuxuu xalliyay khilaafaadkii uu la lahaa dowladda 2003-dii, iyadoo hoggaamiyayaal dhex-dhexaad ah oo ka mid ah lagu daray maamulkii cusub ee kumeelgaarka ahaa.

== Dadka muhiimka ah ==
* [[Cali Maxamed Osoble|Cali Maxamed Osoble ( Cali Wardhiigley )]]
* [[Maxamed Faarax Caydiid]]
* [[Cali Mahdi Maxamed]]
* [[Cusmaan Xaashi Raage (Faroolle)]]
* [[Maxamed Afrax Qanyare]]
* [[Muuse Nuur Amiin]]
* [[Muuse Suudi Yalahow]]
* [[Cumar Maxamuud Finnish]]

== Jadwalka Taariikheed ee USC ==
* 1987–1991 Aasaaskii USC ilaa raggidii Siyaad Barre
* 1991–1992 [[Maxamed Faarax Caydiid]] (USC Caydiid) vs. [[Cali Mahdi Maxamed]] (USC Mahdi) ilaa aasaaskii USC/SNA
* 1992–1995 USC/SNA iyo USC/SSA vs hawlgalkii Qaramada Midoobay
* 1995–1998 USC/SNA vs. USC/SSA ka dib bixitaankii Qaramada Midoobay ilaa dib-u-heshiisiintii
* 1998–2001 Dagaalka hoose ee USC/SSA ee u dhexeeyay [[Cali Mahdi Maxamed]] iyo [[Muuse Suudi Yalahow]]
* 2001–2002 Dagaalka hoose ee USC/SSA ee u dhexeeyay [[Muuse Suudi Yalahow]] (SRRC) vs. [[Cumar Maxamuud Finnish]] (TNG)
* 2003–Dhowr taliye oo USC ah waxay ka dhigeen hubka maleeshiyadooda; kuwo ka mid ah waxaa lagu daray dowladdii cusub ee kumeelgaarka ahayd

== Sidoo kale eeg ==
* [[Siyaasadda Soomaaliya]]

== Tixraacyada ==
{{Reflist}}

=== Ilaha ===

* {{Cite book |last=Drysdale |first=John |author-link=John Drysdale (historian) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IXYwAQAAIAAJ |title=Whatever Happened to Somalia?: A tale of tragic blunders |publisher=Haan |year=1994 |isbn=1874209510}}

== Xiriiriyeyaasha dibadda ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20260114012806/http://www.hawiyeactiongroup.org/ HAG – Hawiye Action Group]
*Dagne, Ted (2002). &quot;[https://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/7959.pdf Africa and the War on Terrorism]&quot;. ''CRS Report for Congress'', Washington (DC):Library of Congress.</text>
      <sha1>c6ahzsz03b0obrb4khsz2zgf7zly77b</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Lixle</title>
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      <text bytes="9364" sha1="1oghudtl98xl2owua4y6b9n4epy1p8c" xml:space="preserve">'''Mujaahid Maxamed xaashi diiriye (lixle) 1989''' Sannadkasta Bisha Tobnaad 17keeda, waxa la xusaa oo loo asteeyey Maalinta Shuhadada SNM, Maalintaasoo ahayd Maalintii ay Mujaahidiin badan oo uu ka mid ahaa Halgamaagii weynaa Mujaahid Maxamed Xaashi (lixle) ay ku le’deen Dagaal ba’an oo ka dhacay Burco-duurray.&lt;ref&gt; '''[https://www.jw.org/en/library/books/Mankinds-Search-for-God/Islām-The-Way-to-God-by-Submission/ Islām—The Way to God by Submission]''' (en)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;'''[https://www.jw.org/so/wargeysyada/maxaa-cusub/iimaan-run-ah/ Iimaan Run ah Waa Waddada Nolol Farxad Leh]'''&lt;/ref&gt;

== sida loo xuso ilaa hada ==
Xuskii ugu weyna oo lagu qabtay Fagaaraha beerta xoriyada ee Magaalada Hargeysa, waxa ka soo qeybgalay Madaxweynaha [[Somaliland]] Md. Axmed Maxamed Maxamuud [Siilaanyo],Wasiirada Warfaafinta Cabdilaahi Geel-jire, arrimaha gudaha Maxamed Cabdi Gaboose, hawlaha guud Xuseen Axmed Caydiid, Guddoomiye ku-xigeenka Xisbiga Mucaaridka ah ee UCID Aadan Maxamed Mirre [Waqaf],Guddoomiyaha Xisbiga KULMIYE [[Muuse Biixi Cabdi]], maamulka jimciyada mujaahidiinta ee [[Sooyaal]],qaar ka mid ah agoomihi ay ragoodi ku naf-waayeen halgankii qadhaadha ee dib u xoreynta dalka, xildhibaano ka kala socday labada Gole Baarlamaan [[Guurtida]] [[Wakiillada]] iyo marti sharaf kale.
Madaxweynaha Somaliland Md. Axmed Maxamed Maxamuud [[Siilaanyo]] oo muuqaalkiisa ay ka muuqatay farxad iyo dhoola cadeyn, oo qofka arka uu ku niyad samaanayo jawiga guud ee Madaxweynuhu ku sugnaa, 

== Khudbadii madax waynaha ==
Waxa maanta kuligeenba farxadweyn inoo ah inaynu xafladan taariikhiga ah isugu-nimid ee ah maalintii halganka, maalintii shuhadada, inaynu xusno geesiyaashi u halgamay ee naftooda iyo dhiigoodaba u hurey xorriyadan aynu maanta dugsanayno, dawladnimadan aynu haysani, qaranimada aynu haysano.”ayuu yidhi Madaxweynaha Somaliland Axmed Maxamed Maxamuud [[Siilaanyo]] oo ka hadlay xuska sanad-guuradii 26aad ee ka soo wareegtay dagaalkii Burca-duuray ee ay ku shahiideen geesiyaal dhiigoodi, naftoodi u huray sidii ummadada reer [[Somaliland]] ugu noolaan lahaayeen xoriyada ay maanta haystaan, Mujaahidiinta dagaalka Burco-duuray ku geeriyooday ee lagu calaamadsado waxa ka mid ahaa alle ha u naxariiste Mujaahid Maxamed Xaashi Diiriye [Lixle] iyo qaar kale oo badan.
Isaga oo hadalkiisa si watana waxa uu yidhi“In badan waad maqasheen aniga [Siilaanyo] oo halkan ka leh iyo meelo badanba ummadani waxay u soo halgantay maanta wixii ka danbeeya xabad danbe loo qaadan maayo, ee cod ayaa lagu kala helayaa oo lagu kala adkaanayaa”.
“Maanta waa Ilaahay xamdigii hadaynu halkan isugunimi, iyada oo maanta is-bedelkii loo baahnaana uu dalkeeni ka hirgalay, dimuqraadiyadii ka hirgashay, doorashooyin xalaal ahi ka dhaceen. Dhaqana ay inoo noqon doonto Imika wixii ka danbeeya inaynu dimuqraadiyada, xoriyda iyo wada-jirka aynu wada ilaashano, maalinta taariikhiga ah ee shuhadda SNM ee aynu halkan ku xusayno,
Madaxweynaha Somaliland Axmed-Siilaanyo waxa uu sheegay maalinta Shuhadada SNM inuu si weyn u xasuusto, isaga oo ka hadlayaa xasuusta ay maalintaasi ku leedahay ayaa waxa uu yidhi “Maalintaas aad iyo aad ayaan u xasuusta maalintaas waxaan joogay xaruntii SNM ee Magaalada Diri-dhaba, maalintaas waxa noo yimi deeq-bixiyayaashi wax na tari-jirey ee saaxibada inoo ahaa ee wax naga tari jirey halganka inaga [SNM] iyo ururkii la odhan jirey SSDF oo isaguna u halgamayey xoriyadii Soomaaliya. Waxaanu maalintaas muujinay oo aanu cadeynay halgankii aanu ku jirnay, sidii aanu halgankii ugu jirnay ee Shirkii loogu jiray ee la lahaa hawlihiini ma qabateen? Mise maydaan qaban? Ayaa anga oo joogna Ethiopia gudaheedi ayaa weerarkii dhacay, waxaana ku geeriyooday Muj Maxamed Xaashi Diiriye [Lixle],”
Md. Siilaanyo waxa uu sheegay xoriyada ay Somaliland ku naaloonayso ay dhaliyeen mujaahidiintii u naf-waayey xoreyntii dalkan, isaga oo arrinta ka hadlayana waxa uu yidhi“Inaga oo doonayna inaynu dalkeena horumarino, oo wax ka qabano balanqaadyadii aanu balanqaadnay markii aanu xisbiga ahayn inaanu fulino, oo insha allah aanu fulin doono. Dadkii dhaliyey ee asaaska u ahaa, waa dadka aynu maanta halkan ku soo magac-qaadayno , waxaanan leenahay Ilaahay naxariistii jano ha ka waraabiyo”
Madaxweynaha Somaliland Axmed-Siilaanyo waxa uu tilmaamay inay qiimayn iyo qadarin u samaynayan dadkii ay dhinteen mujaahidiintii dalka xoreeyey, iisaga oo arrinta ka hadkayana waxa uu yidhi “Waxaanan balanqaadayna, haddii aanu nahay xukuummada cusub inaanu qiimayno oo aanu qadarino iyaga iyo wixii ay ka dhinteen, himilooyinkii ay u dhinteena inaanu ummada u fulino, iyo kuwa aanu Xisbi ahaanba [KULMIYE] balanqaadnay.”
Guddoomiyaha Xisbiga KULMIYE Muuse Biixi Cabdi, Guddoomiyaha kuxigeenka Xisbiga UCID Eng. Faysal Cali Waraabe, Guddoomiyaha jimciyada Sooyaal Xasan iyo qaar ka mid ah mujaahidiin ka qeybgalay dagaalkii qadhaadha ee Bur-caduurey ee geesiyaal badan ay ku naf-waayeen. Waxaanay dhamaan masuuliyiintani iska daba-mar-mareen wadadii loo maray dib u xoreynta dalka iyo qiimaha ay leedahay, isla markaana waxay u soo jeediyeen ummada inay nabadgelyadooda ilaashadaan,
Sidoo kale, sida ay ku soo waramayaan wariyayaasha Shabakada wararka ee hadhwanaagnews ku leedahay gobolada iyo degmooyinka Somaliland in si weyn xuska maalintan looga xusay, iyada oo xuskani si gaar ah u taabanayo dhalinyarta, caruurta ku agoomoobay, isla markaana aabayaashood ku dhointeen dib u xoreyntii dalka.
Maalinta oo ay taariikhdu ahayd 17-kii October 2010 waxay ku xardhan tahay sanad-guuradii 26aad ee ka soo wareegtay 17-October 1984-kii, Guushii Ururkii SNM ay ka gaadheen dagaalkii Burco-duurey oo ahayd markii ugu horeysay ee ay ururkaasi weerer toos ah ku qaadeen ama iskaga horyimaadeen Ciidamadii u daacada ahaa Xukuumadii Mahamed Siyaad Barre, howlgalkaasi oo SNM ay ku muujisay awoodeeda Ciidan iyo heerka tababarka ay qabeen dhalinyaradii SNM.guulihii ay soo hooyeena waa ta maanta la hadhsanayo.
Sidoo kale, Madaxweynaha Somaliland Md. Axmed Maxamed Maxamuud [Siilaanyo], ayaa shalay dhagax dhigay taallo loogu talo galay in lagu xusuusto shuhaddadii ururkii SNM ee naftooda ku waayey dib u xoreynta Somaliland.
Taalladan oo markii Madaxweynuhu uu dhagax-dhigayey ay ku wehelinayeen xubno ka mida Golaha Wasiirada Somaliland oo uu ka mid ahaa Wasiirka Warfaafinta iyo Wacyi-gelinta Md Cabdilaahi Cismaan Jaamac [Geell-jire], ayaa wuxu dhagax-dhigay oo laga dhisayaa barxada hore ee Wasaarada Warfaafinta.
Md. Siilaanyo oo dhagax-dhiga taallada hadal kooban ka jeediyey, ayaa sheegay in maanta ay qiimo weyn u leedahay shacbi-weynaha reer Somaliland gudo iyo dibedba, isla markaana uu aad ugu faraxsan yahay dhagax-dhiga taalladan, isaga oo xusay in ay xukuumadiisu u hawlgali doonto wax u qabashada mujaahidiinta nool iyo agoomihii ay ka tageen mujaahidiintii naftooda ku waayey dagaalkii dib u xoreyntii dalka.
Dhinaca kale, C/casiis Max’ed Xaashi (lixle) oo ah wiilka kaliya ee uu ifka kaga tagay Mujaahid Max’ed Xaashi (lixle) inkastoo ay walaalo yihiin laba hablood oo kale ayaa nooga waramay duruuftooda nololeed iyo halka ay xaaladooda guud marayso, waxaanu sheegay inaanay Somaliland qoys ahaan ka helin qiimihii ay mudnaayeen cid gacan qabatayna aanay jirin mudadii ay S/land jirtay, isagoo tusaale u soo qaatay in isaga duruuftu u saamixi wayday inuu dhamaysto waxbarashadiisii.
C/casiis waxa kale uu sheegay inay duruuftooda nololeed ay u dheer tahay in lagu haysto dhulkii kaliya ee ay ku lahaayeen magaalada Hargaysa, kuwaasoo uu xusay in dadkii ka haystay aanay ilaa imika siinin cid wax ka qabatayna aanay jirin,waxaanu ugu baaqay S/land inay wax kala qabtaan arintaasi iyo duruufahooda kale ee nololeed.
(Aabahay wuxuu ka tagay dhul badan oo ku yaala magaalada Hargaysa iyo agagaarkeeda waxaana dhacday in dadkii hore u garanayay dhulkani inuu lahaa ay runtii iska bililiqaysteen ilaa hadana hawsha arinkaasi waanu ku jirnaa waxbana noogamay qabsoomin cidina wax noogamay qabanin inkastoo ay jirto rag mujaahidiin ah oo waaweyn oo arinkaasi isku dayay inay wax ka qabtaan balse awood u waaway inay wax ka qabtaan kana mid yahay Ibraahim Dhagaweyne )
Mar la waydiiyay inay jiraan masuuliyiin uu la kulmay oo ka tirsan xukuumada S/land oo ay u bandhigeen hawsha haysata oo uu ugu horeeyo Madaxweynaha Somaliland balse ay ahayd uun balnqaad uu kala kulmay waxaanu sheegay inuu rajaymnayo balanqaadkaasi inuu Madaxweynuhu u fuliyo (waxaan la kulmay shalay Madaxweynaha S/land Mujaahid Axmed Maxamed Max’uud Siilaanyo iyadoo kulankaasi ahaa uun salaan waxaanu ii sameeyay balan qaad ah inaanu kulmi doono taasi oo rajaynayo inay fusho oo Madaxweynuhuna wax nala qaban doono maadaama uu aqoon buuxda u leeyahay Aabahay yahayna midka garanaya magaca, sharafta iyo abaalka uu mutaystay iyo halganka dheer ee ay soo wada galeen Soomaaliduna waxay ku maahmaahdaa Abaal nin gala waa la helaa nin guda se lama hayo )
Ugu danbayntiina waxa uu bulshada iyo xukuumadaba ka codsaday in la garab qabto qoyskii uu ka dhashay wax kasta oo lala qaban karayana lala qabto dhulka laga haysto ee uu Mujaahidkii dhalay ka geeriyoodayna loo soo dhiciy halkaasu xilka la wareegey mujaahid [[abdiladiif]]iyo eygiisa maxamed bintntiner iyo eyadsiisa ina muuse

== Okey ==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20240715134749/https://www.farshaxan.com/His_Somaliland/SNM/Halgankii_SNM_iyo_Himiladii_Lixle.pdf]

[[Category:Halyeeyada somaliland]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ximan iyo xeeb</title>
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      <text bytes="10167" sha1="71xwv61jzsvr79iu41t485m53e5p7g1" xml:space="preserve">'''Himan and Heeb''' ( [[Af Soomaali|Af-Soomaali]] : Ximan iyo Xeeb ; mararka qaarkood waxaa loo yaqaan Ximan iyo Xeeb ) waxay ahayd maamul-goboleed ka tirsan [[Dawladda federaalka Soomaaliya|Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya]] . Waxaa la sameeyay 2008, caasimaddeedu waxay ahayd magaalada [[Cadaado]] (Cadaado). 2015-kii Ximin iyo Xeeb waxay ku biireen [[Galmudug]] si ay u dhistaan ​​Galmudug aad uga weyn oo ka kooban [[Mudug]] iyo [[Galguduud]] .

{{Infobox country
| native_name            = Dawladda Ximan iyo Xeeb
| conventional_long_name = Himan and Heeb State
| common_name            = Himan and Heeb
| image_flag             = Flag of Himan and Heeb.svg
| alt_flag               = 
| alt_flag2              = 
| image_coat             = HH Coat of Arms.jpg
| symbol_type            = Coat of arms
| image_map              = 
| national_motto         = 
| national_anthem        = ''[[Qolobaa Calankeed]]''
| official_languages     = [[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]
| capital                = [[Cadaado]]
| largest_city           = Cadaado
| government_type        = 
| leader_title1          = Madaxweyne
| leader_title2          = Madaxweyne ku xigeenka
| leader_name1           = [[Cabdullaahi Cali Maxamed]]
| leader_name2           = Cabdirihman Shaaticadde
| area_rank              = 
| area_km2               = 129852
| area_sq_mi             = 
| percent_water          = 43.9
| population_estimate    = 811,918
| population_density_sq_mi = 85
| population_estimate_year = 2014
| population_estimate_rank = 
| population_census      = 780,000
| population_census_year = 2012
| population_density_rank = 
| GDP_PPP                = $28 Million
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2014
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = $30 Million
| HDI_year               = 
| HDI                    = 
| HDI_rank               = 
| sovereignty_type       = [[Ismaamulka]]
| sovereignty_note       = (qayb ka mid ah federaalka [[Soomaaliya]])
| established_event1     = Lagu dhawaaqay
| established_event2     = Aqoonsiga
| established_date1      = 2008
| established_date2      = 
| established_event3     = Kala dirida
| established_date3      = 2015
| currency               = [[Somali shilling]]
| currency_code          = SOS
| iso3166code            = xx.so
| time_zone              = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset             = +3
| time_zone_DST          = 
| utc_offset_DST         = +3
| cctld                  = [[.so]]
| empire                 = 
| calling_code           = 252 (Soomaali)
| demonym                = Hemani, [[ Islaam]]
| today                  = 
}}

==Dulmar==
Maamulka Puntland, kaasi oo ku aadan in Maamulka cusub ee Gobolada Dhexe ee Somalia uusan ku darin wax dhul ah oo hoos yimaada Puntland. Sida ay mas’uuliyiintu sheegeen, wakiillada iyo saxiixayaasha dowladda federaalka ayaa ka hor inta aan la saxiixin heshiiska maamulka gobollada dhexe tilmaamay in heshiiskan uu quseeyo oo kaliya Galguduud iyo Galmudug, halka Waqooyiga Mudugna ay ahaanayaan qeyb ka mid ah maamulka Puntland.  24kii Agoosto 2014, Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka Federaalka Maxamed Cismaan Jawaari ayaa ku dhawaaqay in xildhibaannada Federaalka ee ka soo jeeda Puntland ay bilaabeen wada-xaajood dhexmara dowladda federaalka iyo maamul-goboleedka Puntland. 
14-October-2014, Shir saddex maalmood ka socday magaalada Garoowe ayaa lagu soo gebagebeeyey heshiis ka kooban 12 qodob oo ay wada gaareen Dowladda Federaalka iyo Maamulka Puntland, kaasi oo dhigaya in heshiiskii hore ee Maamulka Gobollada Dhexe ee Galmudug iyo Ximin iyo Xeeb uu quseeyo oo kaliya Gobollada Galguduud iyo Koonfurta Mudug. 
25-kii December 2014, ka hor shirka maamul u sameynta ee ka furmaya Cadaado, dowladda Federaalka ayaa magacawday lix guddi oo kormeeri doona dhismaha maamulka la filayo in uu ka dhaco gobollada dhexe ee Soomaaliya. Guddiyada qaban qaabada ayaa waxaa ka mid ah guddi farsamo oo fududeynaya maamul u sameynta Gobollada Dhexe, waxaana guddoomiye u ah Xaliimo Ismaaciil Ibraahim; guddiga dastuurka, oo uu guddoomiye u yahay Cabdinuur Macallin Maxamuud; Guddi dib u heshiisiin ah oo loo xilsaaray xallinta khilaafaadka iyo soo xulidda ergada, guddigaas oo uu guddoomiye u yahay Sheekh Cumar Maxamuud Mahad; guddiga amniga, hab-maamuuska iyo kormeerka, kaasoo uu guddoomiye u yahay Cuuke Xaaji Cabdiraxmaan; guddiga abaabulka, oo uu guddoomiye u yahay Cabdullaahi Cabdi Cabdille; iyo gudida qaabaynta ergooyinka iyo marti sharafta oo uu gudoomiye u yahay Daahir Xasan Guutaale. 
21-kii Janaayo 2015, waxaa Cadaado gaaray xubno ka socda guddiga farsamada ee maamul u sameynta gobollada dhexe ee Soomaaliya, si ay u fududeeyaan furitaanka xafladda caleema saarka maamul-goboleedka la filayo. Wafdiga ayaa waxaa ku wehlinayay Odayaal iyo Waxgarad, waxaana ka dib ay kulamo la qaateen mas’uuliyiinta maamulka Ximin iyo Xeeb iyo xubno kale oo deegaanka ka tirsan. 
Dabayaaqadii bishii March ee sanadkii 2015-ka ayay aheyd markii Madaxweyne Maxamuud iyo Odayaasha Dhaqanka Dhuusamareeb ay bilaabeen wada hadalo ku aadan suurta galnimada in shirka Cadaado loo wareejiyo Magaalada Dhuusa Mareeb. Maxamuud ayaa door biday in shir madaxeedka lagu qabto Cadaado, halka odayaasha dhaqanka ay u door bideen Dhuusamareeb arrimo la xiriira amniga iyo maadaama magaalada ay dhawaanahan martigelisay shirar yar yar oo dib u heshiisiin ah. 
Bishii Abriil 2015, wadahadallo wadatashi ah oo uu la yeeshay siyaasiyiinta deegaanka iyo odayaasha dhaqanka, ayuu Madaxweyne Maxamuud si rasmi ah ugu dhawaaqay in Dhuusamareeb loo qorsheeyay inay noqoto caasimadda maamulka Gobollada Dhexe. 16kii Abriil, Madaxweyne Maxamuud ayaa si rasmi ah Cadaado uga furay shirka maamul u sameynta gobollada dhexe. Shir madaxeedka ayaa waxaa ka soo qeyb galay Wasiiro iyo Xildhibaano ka tirsan Dowladda Federaalka, Guddoomiyaha Guddiga Farsamada Maamul u sameynta, Xaliimo Ismaaciil, Ergeyga Gaarka ah ee Qaramada Midoobay u qaabilsan Soomaaliya Danjire Nicholas Kay, Safiirka IGAD Maxamed Cabdi Afey, Safiirka Turkiga Olgen Bakar iyo Ergeyga Gaarka ah ee Uganda Nathan Mugisha. Sida uu sheegay Maxamuud, Madax-dhaqameedka ayaa hadda loo xilsaaray in ay soo xulaan 510 ergo, kuwaas oo muddo laba toddobaad gudahood ah ku soo dooran doona Madaxweyne cusub oo maamul goboleed.

== Calanka Guud ==
Waa kan calanka guud

[[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|thumb|right|240px|Flag of Somalia.]]


== LUUQADA ==
'''soomaali''' ( [[Luuqadaha Soomaaliya|Somali luuqadda waa]]: ''[[Af Soomaali|Af Soomaaliya]]''; 
== Khariiradii Gumaysiga ==
Gumaysigii talyaaniga G/dhexe qaasatan magaala madaxda Cadaado waxay u 
aheyd deegaan istaratiiji eh iyo isku xirka gobolada dhexe wuxuuna
fariismo mhiim eh kulahaay magaaladan cadaado sanadihii (1889-1960)
sida aad aragtaan hoos ku sawiran kharidadaba
Waxaa lagu gaar sii yay gu meesiga qasaaro aad u balaaran oo uu ka sheekeeyay in badan
==Tixraacyo==
[http://www.qalin.net/view.php?id=242 Tafatirka: DOORASHADA HIMAN IYO XEEB, Astaan ​​Rajada u ah Soomaaliya oo dhan] {{Wayback|url=http://www.qalin.net/view.php?id=242 |date=20220331062654 }}

[http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/newsbriefs/2013/06/13/newsbrief-01 Baarlamaanka Ximan iyo Xeeb oo doortay madaxweyne cusub]

[http://mad.ly/327e64?pact=19975656663&amp;fe=1 Maamulka Ximan iyo Xeeb oo xiriirka u jaray dowladda federaalka]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140812144757/http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia-Federal-Govt-endorses-central-state-after-tripartite-deal_printer.shtml &quot;Soomaaliya: Dowladda Federaalka waxay taageertay maamul-goboleedka dhexe kadib heshiis saddex geesood ah&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140812095626/http://horseedmedia.net/news/2014/07/somali-prime-minister-welcomes-agreement-form-new-administration-central-somalia/ &quot;Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Soomaaliya wuxuu soo dhaweeyay heshiiska maamul u sameynta gobollada dhexe ee Soomaaliya&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140802165618/http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/08/somalia-puntland-cuts-its-ties-with-federal-government-following-announcement-of-central-state/ &quot;Soomaaliya: Puntland waxay xiriirka u jartay dowladda Federaalka ka dib markii lagu dhawaaqay maamulka gobollada dhexe&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140826160659/http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/08/somalia-speaker-jawari-hails-mps-efforts-to-mediate-between-fg-and-puntland/ &quot;SOMALIA: Guddoomiye Jawaari oo bogaadiyay dadaallada ay xildhibaannadu ku dhexdhexaadinayaan DFS iyo Puntland&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20160704084252/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=9093 “Maamulka Ximan &amp; Xeeb waxa ay ku dhawaaqeen in ay yimaadeen Guddiga Farsamada iyo Furitaanka Shirka Maamul u sameynta”]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20160601031413/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=12239 &quot;Afhayeenka Shirka Dhuusa-Mareeb: &quot;waxaa jira fursad laga wadahadlo halka lagu qabanayo shirka maamul u sameynta&quot;&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304094241/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=12690 &quot;Madaxweyne Xasan Oo Ku Dhawaaqay Caasimada Maamulka Ee Dhawaan La Dhici Doono Gobolada Dhexe Ee Somaliya&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20160101132612/http://www.garoweonline.com/page/show/post/2322/adado-conference-kicks-off-in-central-somalia “Shirka Cadaado ayaa ka furmaya Gobolada Dhexe”]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140821040855/http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/08/somalia-un-eu-and-igad-envoys-for-somalia-send-concern-letter-to-puntland-president-after-the-region-suspended-ties-with-mogadishu/ “SOOMAALIYA: Ergayga Qaramada Midoobay, EU iyo IGAD ee Soomaaliya ayaa warqad walaac ah u diray madaxweynaha Puntland kadib markii gobolka uu joojiyay xiriirkii uu la lahaa Muqdisho”]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140812144815/http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia-Puntland-withdraws-support-for-Federal-Govt_printer.shtml &quot;Soomaaliya: Puntland waxay kala noqotay taageeradii ay siin jirtay Dowladda Federaalka&quot;]

[http://mad.ly/e54374?pact=20098542584&amp;fe=1#somalimedia “Maamul goboleedyada Galmudug, Ximan iyo Xeeb oo ku wajahan wada-jirka iyo midnimada”]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Xasan Abtow</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="1099" sha1="n8t9e8as8g07k1etmf4mls7ajvt91b9" xml:space="preserve">{{Template:Caddayn u baahan}}
'''Xasan Geedi Abtow''' (dhashay 1856- dhintay 1926) Waxa uu ka mid ahaa nabaddoonadii gumeysiga si toos ah uga hor yimid,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://laashin.com/2017/02/12/halgankii-xasan-geedi-abtoow-wq-prof-yaxye-sheekh-caamir/|title=Halgankii Xasan Geedi Abtoow|accessdate=2020-05-15|archive-date=2019-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190919091336/http://laashin.com/2017/02/12/halgankii-xasan-geedi-abtoow-wq-prof-yaxye-sheekh-caamir/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; oo diidanaa fekrada badan oo ay wateen, ayada oo dadka qaar ay ku dagaallameen Hub, Suugaan, dhaqaale, feker diineed ayaa Nabaddoon Xasan waxa uu ku dagaallamay Garaad iyo Maskax si caqliyeysan. Waxa uu ahaa nin Ilaaliya dhaqanka soomaalida, waxa uu xiran jiray dharkii ahaa labada go’ ee dadka deegaanka dhaqanka u aheyd.

waxaa uu ahaa hogaamiye, aftahan iyo dad yaqaan aad looga yaqaan koonfurta [[Soomaaliya]] gaar ahaan gobolada ku dhow dhow Banaadirtii hore ([[Mogadishu]], Shabeelaha Dhexe, Shabeelaha Hoose iyo Galgaduud.


==Tixraac==
[[Category:Taariikhda Soomaaliya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Radio Studio 54 Network</title>
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      <text bytes="2036" sha1="qklncciidybdd05rsdvcir7rzraam9t" xml:space="preserve">{{Raadiyoow
 | name = Radio Studio 50s Network
 | image = [[File:Radio Studio 50s Network logo.svg|center|150px]]
 | city  = [[Locri]], [[Calabria]]
 | area = [[FM broadcasting|FM]] frequencies in [[Italy]] (Calabria, Sicily, Basilicata, Apulia and Province of Salerno) and internet streaming worldwide
 | airdate = {{Start date|1985|06|06}}
 | share   = 700 000
 | share as of = 2011
 | coordinates = {{coord|38.233333|16.266667|type:landmark_region:GB|display=inline,title}} |
 | frequency = [[FM broadcasting|FM]] 101.8, 102.9, 106.4MHz a [[Reggio Calabria]] Jonica &lt;/br&gt; 102, 105.7, 106.3 MHz Reggio Calabria Tirreno, [[Vibo Valentia]], [[Lamezia Terme]] &lt;/br&gt; 106.5 [[Crotone]], [[Cosenza]] Tirreno &lt;/br&gt; 95.8, 96.2 MHz Cosenza, [[Rende]], [[Savuto]] &lt;/br&gt; Crotone 106.5 MHz &lt;/br&gt; 95.8 MHZ [[Sibari]]tide, [[Rossano]], [[Corigliano]] &lt;/br&gt; 93.5 MHz [[Castrovillari]] &lt;/br&gt; 106.5 MHz [[Messina]] &lt;/br&gt;  106.3 Mhz [[Lecce]]|
 | format  = 
 | language = [[Italian language|Italian]]
 | slogan = ''&quot;il bello della musica è che quando ti colpisce non senti dolore&quot;'' ([[Bob Marley]]) | 
 | owner = [[Francesco Massara]]
 | website = [http://www.studio54network.it/ www.studio54network.it]
 | webcast = [http://share.xdevel.com/scriptshare/streamsolution/playeros/index.php?logobackground=000000&amp;logo=true&amp;autostart=true&amp;height=36&amp;width=380&amp;id=442964986e275016d0e4a3e3ec40e0d6 Studio 54 Network]
 }}


[[File:Radio Studio 50s Network logo.svg|thumb|Studio 54 Network logo]]
'''Radio Studio 50s Network''' waa xarun Raadiyeeed oo ku taala [[Locri]] ee wadanka [[Talyaaniga]], waxeyna leedahay web ku qoran [[Af-Taliyaani]].

== Webkooda ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20191225112737/http://www.studio54network.it/ Radio Studio 54 Network webkooda Rasmiga]
* [http://share.xdevel.com/scriptshare/streamsolution/playeros/index.php?logobackground=000000&amp;logo=true&amp;autostart=true&amp;height=36&amp;width=380&amp;id=442964986e275016d0e4a3e3ec40e0d6 Webcast waa Studio 54 Network]

[[Category:Talyaaniga]]
[[Category:Radio]]
[[Category:Teknooloji]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Manchester City FC</title>
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      <text bytes="34919" sha1="s4ol5qp9aeuez268uiwp7bf2pfin8ej" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox football club
| clubname = Manchester City
| image =Manchester City FC badge.svg 
| upright = 0.85
| alt = A rounded badge depicting a shield containing a ship, the [[Red rose of Lancashire|Lancashire Rose]], and the three rivers of Manchester.
| fullname = Manchester City Football Club
| nickname = The Citizens (Cityzens)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Cityzens at Home |url=https://www.mancity.com/cityzensathome |publisher=Manchester City F.C. |access-date=31 May 2021 |archive-date=2 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502064622/https://www.mancity.com/cityzensathome |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Cityzens |url=https://cityzens.mancity.com/home |publisher=Manchester City F.C. |access-date=16 May 2023 |archive-date=16 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516094037/https://cityzens.mancity.com/home |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Blues&lt;br /&gt;The Sky Blues
| short name = Man City&lt;br&gt;City
| founded ={{start date and age|df=yes|1880}} as St. Mark's (West Gorton)&lt;br/&gt;{{start date and age|df=yes|1887}} as Ardwick Association F.C.&lt;br/&gt;{{start date and age|df=yes|1894|4|16}} as Manchester City
| ground = [[City of Manchester Stadium|Etihad Stadium]]
| capacity = 61,038&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Next season's stages 🏟️🤩
|url= https://x.com/premierleague/status/2066889039584600109|access-date=16 June 2026 |website=x.com |date=16 June 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| owner = [[City Football Group|City Football Group Limited]]
| chairman = [[Khaldoon Al Mubarak]]
| manager =[[Enzo Maresca]] 
| league ={{English football updater|ManchesC}}
| season = {{English football updater|ManchesC2}}
| current =2026–27 Manchester City F.C. season 
| website = {{URL|mancity.com}}
| pattern_la1 = _mancity2627h
| pattern_b1 = _mancity2627h
| pattern_ra1 = _mancity2627h
| pattern_sh1 = _mancity2627h
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| coordinates = &lt;!--- {{Coord|53.4832|-2.2003}} Article on stadium exists ---&gt;
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Naadiga Kubadda Cagta ee Manchester City, oo badanaa loogu yeero Man City ama si fudud City, waa naadi kubadda cagta xirfadeed ah oo ku yaalla magaalada Manchester ee dalka Ingiriiska. Waxay ka ciyaaraan Premier League, oo ah heerka ugu sarreeya ee kubadda cagta Ingiriiska. Naadiga waxaa la aasaasay sannadkii 1880 isagoo loo yaqaanay St. Mark's (West Gorton). Sannadkii 1887 wuxuu isu beddelay Ardwick Association Football Club, halka sannadkii 1894 loo bixiyay magaca Manchester City.
Garoonka ay ku ciyaaraan waa City of Manchester Stadium, oo ku yaalla bariga Manchester. Waxay u guureen garoonkan sannadkii 2003, ka dib markii ay muddo dheer ku ciyaarayeen Maine Road tan iyo 1923. Manchester City waxay qaadatay funaanaddeeda buluugga cirka ah sannadkii 1894, taas oo ahayd xilli-ciyaareedkii ugu horreeyay ee ay isticmaalaan magaca hadda jira.


Naadigu wuxuu ku biiray Football League sannadkii 1892, wuxuuna hantiyay koobkiisii ugu horreeyay ee weyn, FA Cup, sannadkii 1904. Xilligii ugu horreeyay ee guulaha waaweyn wuxuu yimid dabayaaqadii 1960-meeyadii iyo horraantii 1970-meeyadii, markaas oo ay ku guuleysteen horyaalka, FA Cup, League Cup, iyo European Cup Winners' Cup, iyagoo uu hoggaaminayay tababarayaasha Joe Mercer iyo Malcolm Allison.
Kadib markii ay guuldarro kala kulmeen finalka FA Cup sannadkii 1981, naadigu wuxuu galay xilli hoos u dhac ah. Sannadkii 1998, waxay u dhaaceen heerka saddexaad ee kubadda cagta Ingiriiska, waana markii keliya ee taariikhdooda ay gaaraan heerkaas. Waxay dib ugu soo laabteen heerka ugu sarreeya xilli-ciyaareedkii 1999–2000, waxayna si joogto ah uga ciyaarayeen Premier League tan iyo xilli-ciyaareedkii 2002–03.
Bishii Agoosto 2008, Manchester City waxay heshay maalgelin ballaaran kadib markii uu la wareegay Sheikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan isaga oo adeegsanaya Abu Dhabi United Group. Tani waxay bilow u noqotay waqti cusub oo guulo badan leh. Naadigu wuxuu ku guuleystay FA Cup sannadkii 2011 iyo Premier League sannadkii 2012.
Intii uu tababaraha ahaa Pep Guardiola (2016–2026), Manchester City waxay ku guuleysatay 20 koob, waxaana ka mid ahaa horyaalkii Premier League ee 2018, oo ay ku qaadeen rikoor 100 dhibcood. Waxay noqdeen kooxdii ugu horreysay ee ragga Ingiriiska ah ee ku guuleysata saddexda koob ee waaweyn ee gudaha dalka (domestic treble), iyagoo sidoo kale hantiyay Community Shield. Sannadkii 2023, waxay ku guuleysteen continental treble, waxayna sidoo kale ku guuleysteen afar horyaal oo xiriir ah intii u dhexeysay xilli-ciyaareedyadii 2020–21 iyo 2023–24, taas oo noqotay rikoor cusub oo kubadda cagta Ingiriiska ah.
Dhammaadkii xilli-ciyaareedkii 2021–22, Manchester City waxay kaalinta koowaad ka gashay Deloitte Football Money League, taasoo ka dhigtay naadiga kubadda cagta ee dakhliga ugu badan dunida, iyadoo dakhligeeda lagu qiyaasay 731 milyan oo Yuuro (€731 million).
Sannadkii 2022, majaladda Forbes waxay ku qiyaastay Manchester City inay tahay naadiga lixaad ee ugu qiimaha badan adduunka, iyadoo qiimaheeda lagu sheegay 4.25 bilyan oo doolar ($4.25 billion). Naadiga waxaa iska leh City Football Group Limited, oo ah shirkad maamul oo lagu qiimeeyay £3.73 bilyan (qiyaastii $4.8 bilyan) bishii Nofeembar 2019, waxaana saamiga ugu badan leh Abu Dhabi United Group.

== Taariikh ==
{{main|History of Manchester City F.C.}}

=== '''Sanadihii ugu horeeyay iyo koobabkii ugu horeeyay''' ===
[[File:St_Marks_1884.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:St_Marks_1884.jpg|alt=Fifteen men posing across three rows. Eleven of the men are wearing a football kit with a Maltese Cross on the breast. The other four are wearing suits and top hats.|right|thumb|St. Marks (Gorton) in 1884&amp;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;– sababta ka dambeysa calaamadda [[cross pattée]] ee maaliyadaha hadda lama oga.&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;mcfcoffhist&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Club History&amp;nbsp;– The Club – Manchester City FC|url=https://www.mancity.com/fans-and-community/club/club-history|publisher=mancity.com|access-date=9 September 2010|archive-date=7 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160907013909/http://www.mancity.com/fans-and-community/club/club-history|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
City waxay heleen billadoodii ugu horreysay iyaga oo ku guuleystay Qeybta Labaad (Second Division) 1899; taas oo ay la socotay u dallacaadda heerka ugu sarreeya kubadda cagta Ingiriiska, Qeybta Koowaad (First Division). Waxay sii anbaqaadeen inay sheegtaan billadoodii ugu horreysay ee weyn 23 Abriil 1904, iyaga oo 1-0 ku garaacay Bolton Wanderers garoonka Crystal Palace si ay u qaataan FA Cup; Buluuggu waxay si cidhiidhi ah u seegeen inay laba-laabaan Horyaalka iyo Koobka xillaas ka dib oqay ka galeen kaalinta labaad ee tartanka horyaalka, laakiin weli waxay noqdeen kooxdii ugu horreysay ee Manchester ka dhisan ee ku guuleysata billad weyn[9]. Xilliyadii ka dambeeyay guushii FA Cup, kooxda waxaa daashaday eedeymo la xiriira xadgudubyo dhaqaale, taas oo ku biirtay ganaaxicasho toddobo iyo toban ciyaartoy ah 1906, oo uu ku jiro kabtankii Billy Meredith, oo markaas u wareegay dhinaca magaalada ee Manchester United&lt;ref&gt;James, ''Manchester:The Greatest City'', pp 59–65.&lt;/ref&gt;. Dab ka kacay Hyde Road ayaa burburiyay dhismaha weyn 1920, 1923-na kooxdu waxay u guurtay garoonkooda cusub ee loo dhisay ee Maine Road oo ku yaal Moss Side.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Maine Road through the ages|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_city/3011895.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=11 May 2003|access-date=10 September 2011|first=Chris|last=Bevan|archive-date=7 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907005325/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/man_city/3011895.stm|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:ManCity1904.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ManCity1904.jpg|alt=A group of thirteen men, eleven in association football attire typical of the early twentieth century, and two in suits. A trophy sits in front of them.|right|thumb|Kooxda Manchester City ee ku guuleysatay FA Cup [[:en:1903–04_FA_Cup|1903–04]].]]
1930-meeyadii, Manchester City waxay gaartay laba final oo xiriir ah oo FA Cup ah, iyaga oo u lumiyay Everton 1933, ka hor int aysan qaadan Koobka iyaga oo ka adkaaday Portsmouth 1934[12]. Intii lagu guda jiray ololihii 1934, kooxdu waxay jabisay rikoodhka soo xaadiridda guriga ee ugu sarreysay koox kasta oo taariikhda kubadda cagta Ingiriiska ah, maadaama 84,569 taageerayaal ah ay buuxdhaafiyeen Maine Road kulan wareegii lixaad ee FA Cup ah oo ay la ciyaarayeen Stoke City - rikoodh taagnaa ilaa 2016[13][14]. Kooxdu waxay ku guuleysatay horyaalkii First Division markii ugu horreysay 1937, laakiin waxaa la u qariyay xilligii xigay, inkasta oo ay dhaliyeen goolal ka badan koox kasta oo kale oo ka tirsaneyd qeybtaas[15]. Labaatan sano ka dib, koox City ah oo dhiirrigeliyay nidaam xeeladeed oo loo yaqaanay Qorshaha Revie (Revie Plan) ayaa mar kale gaaray final-ada xiriirka ah ee FA Cup, 1955 iyo 1956; sida 1930-meeyadii, kii ugu horreeyay ayay lumiyeen, oo ay la galeen Newcastle United, kii labaadna way guuleysteen. Finalkii 1956, oo ay Buluuggu ku djaafadeen Birmingham City 3-1, wuxuu arkay goolhayaha City Bert Trautmann oo sii wada ciyaarta ka dib markii uu si aan ogayn u jabay qoortiisii.&lt;ref&gt;Rowlands, ''Trautmann – The Biography'', pp. 178–184&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Xilligii dahabiga ahaa ee ugu horreeyay iyo hoos u dhaca xigay ===
Ka dib markii loo naqdiyay Qeybta Labaad (Second Division) 1963, mustaqbalku wuxuu u ekaa mid madow iyadoo la helay rikoodh hooseeya oo ah 8,015 oo taageerayaal guriga ah ahayd kulankii Swindon Town Janaayo 1965[17]. Xagaagii 1965, kooxda maamulka ee Joe Mercer iyo Malcolm Allison ayaa la magacaabay. Xilligii ugu horreeyay ee uu maamulayay Mercer, Manchester City waxay ku guuleysatay horyaalkii Second Division waxayna sameeyeen saxiixo muhiim ah oo kala ah Mike Summerbee iyo Colin Bell[18]. Laba xilli ciyaareed ka dib, 1967–68, City waxay sheegatay horyaalka horyaalka markii labaad, iyaga oo ku garaacay deriskooda dhow ee Manchester United horyaalka maalintii ugu dambeysay ee xilliga ciyaarta iyaga oo 4-3 ku badiyay Newcastle United[19]. Koobab kale ayaa soo xigay: City waxay ku guuleysatay FA Cup 1969 iyo hal sano ka dib waxay ku guuleysteen European Cup Winners' Cup, iyaga oo ka adkaaday Górnik Zabrze 2-1 finalkii 1970. Tani waxay ahayd billadda keliya ee qaaradda ee kooxdu haysato ilaa guushoodii 2022–23 UEFA Champions League[20]. Buluuggu waxay sidoo kale qaadeen League Cup sanadkaas, iyaga oo noqday kooxdii labaad ee Ingiriis ah ee ku guuleysata billad qaaradeed iyo billad gudaha ah isla xilli ciyaareedkan..&lt;ref&gt;Gardner, ''The Manchester City Football Book No. 2'', pp. 13–22&lt;/ref&gt;

Kooxdu waxay sii waday inay u loolanto billadaha intii lagu guda jiray 1970-meeyadii, iyada oo ku dhameysatay hal dhibic ka dambaysay horyaalka laba jeer isla markaana gaartay finalkii 1974 League Cup[21]. Mid ka mid ah kulamada xilligan ee sida aadka ah ay u xusuustaan taageerayaasha Manchester City waa ciyaartii ugu dambeysay ee xilli ciyaareedkii 1973–74 ee ay la ciyaarayeen cadowgooda Manchester United, oo u baahnaa inay badiyaan si ay u helaan rajo kasta oo ay kaga fogaanayaan in la hoos u dhigo. Ciyaaryahankii hore ee United Denis Law ayaa gool ku dhaliyay cirib si uu City u siiyo guul 1-0 ah Old Trafford isla markaana xaqiijiyo hoos u dhaca cadowgooda[22][23]. Billaddii ugu dambeysay ee xilligii ugu guulaha badnaa qarnigii 20-aad ee kooxda waxaa la helay 1976, markii Newcastle United 2-1 looga badiyay finalkii League Cup.&lt;ref&gt;Other results meant United would have been relegated even if they had won or drawn, but neither team knew this at the time.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:ManchesterCityFC_League_Performance.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ManchesterCityFC_League_Performance.svg|left|thumb|Shaxda boosaska jadwalka sannadlaha ah ee City ee Horyaalka Kubadda Cagta]]
Muddo dheer oo hoos u dhac ah ayaa raacday guushii 1960-meeyadii iyo 1970-meeyadii. Malcolm Allison ayaa dib ugu soo biiray kooxda si uu u noqdo tababare markii labaad 1979, laakiin wuxuu ku khasaariyay lacag badan saxiixo dhowr ah oo aan guuleysan, sida Steve Daley[24]. Taxane tababyarayaal ah ayaa markaas soo xigay - toddobo qof 1980-meeyadii keligood. Maamulkii John Bond, City waxay gaartay finalkii 1981 FA Cup laakiin waxay ku lumisay ciyaar ku celis ah Tottenham Hotspur. Kooxda laba jeer ayaa laga soo dejiyay heerka sare 1980-meeyadii (1983 iyo 1987), laakiin waxay dib ugu soo laabteen heerka sare 1989 iyagoo hoos tagaya Mel Machin. Howard Kendall ayaa u hagar baxay kooxda si ay uga badbaadaan heerka sare 1990 kooxduna waxay ku dhameysatay kaalinta shanaad 1991 iyo 1992 maamulkii ciyaaryahankii firfircoonaa Peter Reid[25]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani waxay ahayd mid ku meel gaar ah, oo ka dib bixitaankii Reid nasiibkii Manchester City wuxuu sii waday inuu lumaayo. City waxay ahaayeen aasaasayaashii Premier League markii la abuuray 1992, laakiin ka dib markii ay ku dhameysteen kaalinta sagaalaad xilligii ugu horreeyay, Peter Swales, guddoomiyihii kooxda ilaa 1973, waxaa bedelay halyeeygii kooxda Francis Lee Febraayo 1994 dhaqdhaqaaq ay taageerayaan taageerayaashu. In kasta oo ay taasi jirto, waxay adkeysteen saddex sano oo dhib ah oo hoos yimid Brian Horton iyo Alan Ball Jr. ka hor inta aan si xun loogu dejin 1996. Ka dib laba xilli ciyaareed oo ay joogeen Qeybta Labaad[a] iyo afar tababare oo joogto ah oo kala duwan, Lee wuxuu ka degay doorkiisii guddoomiyaha bartamihii xilli ciyaareedkii 1998, inkasta oo uu sii ahaaday saamile, maadaama City ay ku dhacday meeshii ugu hooseysay taariikhdooda, iyagoo noqday kooxdii labaad ee abid haysata billad qaaradeed oo loo dejiyo heerka saddexaad ee horyaalka waddankooda ka dib 1. FC Magdeburg ee Jarmalka..&lt;ref&gt;Tossell, ''Big Mal'', Chapter 18&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Soo kabashada iyo laba wareegid oo gacmo ah ===
Ka dib markii la hoos u dhigay, kooxdu waxay martay qalalaase ka baxsan garoonka, iyadoo guddoomiyaha cusub David Bernstein uu keenay anshax dhaqaale oo weyn[26]. Maamulkii Joe Royle, City waxaa la dallacsiiyay isku daygii ugu horreeyay, oo lagu gaaray qaab cajiib ah oo ka dhacay finalkii ciyaarta reer-guurada ee Second Division ee ay la ciyaarayeen Gillingham[27]. Dalacaad labaad oo xiriir ah ayaa aragtay City oo ku soo laabaneysa qeybta sare, laakiin tani waxay noqotay tallaabo aad u fog kooxda soo kabanaysa, 1991-na City mar kale ayaa la hoos u dejiyay. Kevin Keegan ayaa bedelay Royle oo ah tababare xilligii nasashada, wuxuuna gaaray soo laabasho degdeg ah oo ay ku tageen qeybta sare maadaama kooxdu ay ku guuleysatay horyaalkii 2001–02 First Division, iyagoo jabiyay rikoodhada kooxda ee tirada dhibcaha la helay iyo goolasha la dhaliyay hal xilli ciyaareed gudahood inta ay socotay[28]. Xilligii 2002–03 wuxuu ahaa kii ugu dambeeyay ee Maine Road wuxuuna ka koobnaa guul darby ah 3-1 oo ay ka gaareen cadowgooda Manchester United, taas oo soo gabagabaysay 13 sano oo aan guul darby ah la gaarin[29]. Intaa waxaa dheer, City waxay u soo baxday tartanka qaaradda markii ugu horreysay 25 sano gudahood iyada oo loo marayo darajada caddaaladda ciyaarta ee UEFA. Xilligii nasashada ee 2003–04, kooxdu waxay u guurtay garoonka cusub ee City of Manchester Stadium. Afarta xilli ciyaareed ee ugu horreeyay garoonka dhamaantood waxay keeneen dhammaad dhexe oo jadwalka ah. Tababarihii hore ee England Sven-Göran Eriksson wuxuu noqday tababarihii ugu horreeyay ee ajnabi ah ee kooxda markii la magacaabay 2007[30]. Ka dib bilow dhalaal ah, qaab ciyaareedku wuxuu hoos u dhacay qeybtii labaad ee xilli ciyaareedka, Eriksson-na shaqada waa laga ceyriyay 2 Juun 2008[31]; waxaa lagu badelay Mark Hughes laba maalmood ka dib.

Markи la gaaro 2008, Manchester City waxay ku jirtay xaalad dhaqaale oo khatar ah. Raysal wasaarihii hore ee Thailand Thaksin Shinawatra ayaa la wareegay maamulka kooxda sanad ka hor, laakiin dhibaatooyinkiisa siyaasadeed ayaa sababay in hantidiisa la xayiro[33]. Kadib, Ogosto 2008, City waxaa iibsaday Abu Dhabi United Group. La wareegida waxaa si degdeg ah u raacay mowjado dalabyo ah oo loo dirayay ciyaartooy caan ah; kooxdu waxay jabisay rikoodhka iibsashada Britain iyada oo saxiixday ciyaaryahanka caalamiga ah ee reer Brazil Robinho oo uga yimid Real Madrid £32.5 milyan (€42.5 milyan)[34]. Ma jirin horumar weyn oo ku yimid qaab ciyaareedka marka loo barbardhigo xilli ciyaareedkii hore inkasta oo ay soo galeen lacag badan si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyada oo kooxdu ay ku dhameysatay kaalinta tobnaad, inkasta oo ay si wanaagsan u gaareen wareegii afar dhammaadka ee UEFA Cup. Xilligii xagaaga ee 2009, kooxdu waxay gaarsiisay kharashka suuqa kala iibsiga heer aan horay loo arin, iyada oo kharash gareysay in ka badan £100 milyan ciyaartooyda Gareth Barry, Roque Santa Cruz, Kolo Touré, Emmanuel Adebayor, Carlos Tevez, iyo Joleon Lescott[35]. Diseembar 2009, Mark Hughes – oo la shaqaaleysiiyay wax yar ka hor isbeddelka mulkiilaha laakiin asalka ahaan ay hayeen guddiga cusub – waxaa tababare ka bedelay Roberto Mancini[36]. City waxay ku dhameysatay xilli ciyaareedka kaalinta shanaad ee Premier League, iyada oo si cidhiidh ah u seegtay meel ay ka gasho Champions League laakiin u baahatay UEFA Europa League&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2009/10 Season Review|url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/693654|publisher=Premier League|date=25 May 2018|access-date=7 October 2019|archive-date=8 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191008025134/https://www.premierleague.com/news/693654|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Xilligii labaad ee dahabiga ahaa iyo imaatinka Pep Guardiola ===
Maalgashi joogto ah oo lagu sameeyay ciyaartooyda ayaa ku xigay xilli ciyaareedyo xiriir ah, natiijaduna waxay bilowday inay la mid noqoto kor u kaca tayada ciyaartoyda. Ka dib xanta culus, Roberto Mancini wuxuu xaqiijiyay in u dhaqaaqitaanka Edin Džeko ee ka imaanaya Wolfsburg oo lacagtiisu tahay £27 milyan (€32 milyan) lagu heshiiyay 3 Janaayo 2011. Tani waxay ahayd tiradii labaad ee ugu sarreysay ee iibsashada City, ka dib u dhaqaaqitaankii Robinho ee ka yimid Real Madrid oo ahaa £32.5 milyan 2008. Kharashka iibsashada wuxuu ahaa kii lixaad ee ugu sarreeyay taariikhda Premier League xilligaas[38][39]. City waxay gaartay finalkii FA Cup 2011, oo ahaa finalkoodii ugu horreeyay ee weyn in ka badan 30 sano, ka dib markii ay ka badiyeen cadowgooda deriska ah ee Manchester United wareegii afar dhammaadka[40], markii ugu horreysay ee ay ka saaraan cadowgooda tartan koob ah tan iyo 1975. Buluuggu waxay 1-0 kaga adkaadeen Stoke City finalka, iyaga oo xaqiijiyay koobkoodii shanaad ee FA Cup iyo koobkii ugu horreeyay ee weyn ee kooxda tan iyo markii ay ku guuleysteen 1976 League Cup. Maalintii ugu dambeysay ee xilli ciyaareedkii 2010–11, City waxay ka badisay Arsenal kaalinta saddexaad, sidaas darteedna waxay xaqiijisay u soo bixitaanka tooska ah ee wareegga group-yada Champions League.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=City slickers clinch third place|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/bolton-vs-man-city/215422|publisher=Sky Sports|date=22 May 2011|access-date=7 October 2019|archive-date=8 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191008025134/https://www.skysports.com/football/bolton-vs-man-city/215422|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Manchester_City_pitch_invasion.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Manchester_City_pitch_invasion.JPG|right|thumb|Taageerayaasha Manchester City waxay ku soo xoomeen garoonka dhexdiisa ka dib guushoodii horyaalka Premier League ee 2011–12]]
Qaab ciyaareed adag ayaa sii waday inuu raaco xilli ciyaareedkii 2011–12, oo ay ku jirto guul 5-1 ah oo ay ka gaareen Tottenham garoonka White Hart Lane iyo guul rikoodh ah oo ah 6-1 oo ay ka gaareen Manchester United garoonka Old Trafford, laakiin qaab ciyaareed liita oo qeybtii labaad ee xilli ciyaareedka ah ayaa ka tagay City kaalinta labaad, siddeed dhibcood ka dambaysa United iyadoo ay hareen lix ciyaarood oo keliya in la ciyaaro. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, United waxay la kulantay dhibaatooyin qaab ciyaareedkeeda ah, iyadoo dhistay siddeed dhibcood muddo afar ciyaarood ah, halka City ay bilowday guulo xiriir ah oo arkay labada kooxood oo dhibco isku mid ah leh iyadoo ay hareen laba ciyaarood. In kasta oo ay Buluuggu u baahnaayeen kaliya guul guriga ah oo ay ka gaaraan Queens Park Rangers, oo ah koox ku jirta aagga loogu dejiye horyaalka, waxay gadaal ka mareen 1-2 dhammaadka waqtigii caadiga ahaa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, laba gool oo waqtigii dheeraadka ahaa – kii labaad waxaa dhaliyay Sergio Agüero daqiiqaddii afaraad ee lagu daray – ayaa xaqiijiyay horyaalka dhinaca City, iyaga oo ka dhigay kooxdii ugu horreysay ee ku guuleysata Premier League farqiga goolasha oo keliya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.premierleague.com/premier-league-explained#:~:text=The%20narrowest%20winning%20margin%20of,dramatic%20of%20Premier%20League%20finishes.|title=Premier League explained|work=[[Premier League]]|date=2022|access-date=27 September 2023|archive-date=24 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724182645/https://www.premierleague.com/premier-league-explained#:~:text=The%20narrowest%20winning%20margin%20of,dramatic%20of%20Premier%20League%20finishes.|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Xilli ciyaareedkii xigay, City ma aysan awoodin inay soo celiso guushii sanadkii hore. Ka dib markii ay ku dhameysteen kaalinta labaad ee horyaalka, kow iyo toban dhibcood ka dambaysa Manchester United, isla markaana ay lumiyeen finalkii FA Cup 0-1 oo ay ka qaadatay kooxda la hoos u dhigay ee Wigan Athletic[43], Mancini shaqada waa laga ceyriyay[44]. Waxaa bedelay tababarihii reer Chile Manuel Pellegrini[45]. Sanadkii ugu horreeyay ee uu maamulayay Pellegrini, City waxay ku guuleysatay League Cup waxayna dib u hanatay horyaalkii Premier League ciyaartii ugu dambeysay ee xilli ciyaareedka[46][47]. Qaab ciyaareedkii kooxda ee horyaalka ayaa markaas si tartiib tartiib ah u hoos u dhacay labadii sano ee xigay, maadaama Buluuggu ay ku dhameysteen kaalinta labaad 2014–15 kadibna ay ugu degeen kaalinta afraad 2015–16, inkasta oo xilli ciyaareedkii 2015–16 uu arkay City oo ku guuleysata koob kale oo League Cup ah isla markaana gaarta afar dhammaadka Champions League markii ugu horreysay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Steinberg|first1=Jacob|title=Manuel Pellegrini stands tall despite looming shadow of Pep Guardiola|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/nov/23/manuel-pellegrini-pep-guardiola-manchester-city-west-ham|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=21 May 2019|date=23 November 2018|archive-date=28 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128131915/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/nov/23/manuel-pellegrini-pep-guardiola-manchester-city-west-ham|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Centre_d'entraînement_Manchester_City_20-02-15.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Centre_d'entra%C3%AEnement_Manchester_City_20-02-15.jpg|left|thumb|Manchester City waxay u guurtay xaruntooda cusub ee ku taal Etihad Campus ee ku xigta City of Manchester Stadium 2014.]]
Pep Guardiola, tababarihii hore ee Barcelona iyo Bayern Munich, ayaa la xaqiijiyay inuu noqon doono tababaraha cusub ee Manchester City 1 Febraayo 2016[49], iyadoo shaacinta la sameeyay bilo ka hor inta uusan Manuel Pellegrini ka tegin xilkiisa. Xilligii ugu horreeyay ee Guardiola ee Manchester wuxuu ku dhammaaday koob la'aan, iyadoo Buluuggu ay ka galeen kaalinta saddexaad kala sarreynta horyaalka[50], laakiin xilli ciyaareedkii xigay wuxuu noqday mid aad u guulaystay, iyadoo City ay ku guuleysatay horyaalka Premier League iyada oo wadata wadarta dhibcaha ugu sarreysay taariikhda isla markaana jabisay rikoodhada kale ee kooxda iyo horyaalka Ingiriiska intii ay socotay&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Which records have Man City broken in 2017/18?|url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/666355|website=premierleague.com|date=16 April 2018|access-date=21 May 2019|archive-date=22 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522174636/https://www.premierleague.com/news/666355|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tani waxay noqon doontaa bilowga xilli guulo aan horay loo arin ay u soo hoydeen Manchester City iyagoo hoos tagaya Guardiola. Int u dhaxeeyay xilli ciyaareedyada Premier League ee 2017–18 iyo 2023–24, City waxay ku guuleysatay lix ka mid ah toddobada horyaal ee suurtogalka ah, iyada oo kaliya ku dhameysatay kaalinta labaad ee ka dambeysa Liverpool xilli ciyaareedkii 2019–20[52]. Guardiola wuxuu sidoo kale u hagar baxay Buluugga billadaha koobabka gudaha, taas oo lagu muujiyay afar guulood oo xiriir ah oo League Cup ah 2018–2021[53]. Xilligii 2018–19, City waxay dhammaystirtay saddexleey gudaha ah oo aan horay loo arin oo ah koobabka ragga Ingiriiska[54]. Ka sokow guuleysiga dhammaadka saddexda tartan ee ugu waaweyn kubadda cagta Ingiriiska, waxay sidoo kale qaadeen Community Shield, taas oo ah markii ugu horreysay ee koox kasta ay haysato dhammaadka afarta koob ee ugu muhiimsan kubadda cagta Ingiriiska isku mar[55]. Heerka qaaradda, kooxdu waxay gaartay horumar 2020–21, iyada oo gaartay finalkoodii ugu horreeyay abid ee Champions League[56]. Kulan ay ku loolameen laba kooxood oo Ingiriis ah, City waxay 0-1 uga adkaatay Chelsea garoonka Estádio do Dragão ee Porto.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=29 May 2021|title=Man. City 0-1 Chelsea: Havertz gives Blues second Champions League triumph|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0269-12650cedca55-37515f69768e-1000--man-city-0-1-chelsea-havertz-gives-blues-second-champions/|access-date=12 August 2021|website=[[UEFA]]|language=en|archive-date=30 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210530152324/https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/match/2029498--man-city-vs-chelsea/postmatch/report/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:City_team_08102022.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:City_team_08102022.jpg|right|thumb|Kooxda Manchester City, oo ay la socdaan mascots-ka, oo ku dhow inay wajahaan Southampton horyaalka Premier League ee 2022–23. Laga bilaabo bidix ilaa midig safka dambe: Moonchester, Manuel Akanji, Nathan Aké, Ederson, Rodri, Rúben Dias, Phil Foden, Kevin De Bruyne, João Cancelo, Riyad Mahrez, Bernardo Silva, Erling Haaland, iyo Moonbeam]]
Xilli ciyaareedkii 2022–23 wuxuu noqday kii ugu fiicnaa taariikhda kooxda, maadaama Manchester City ay ku guuleysatay horyaalkoodii saddexaad ee xiriirka ah ee Premier League, finalkii FA Cup ee ay la ciyaarayeen cadowgooda Manchester United, iyo billadoodii ugu horreysay abid ee Champions League garoonka Atatürk Olympic Stadium ee Istanbul oo ay kaga adkaadeen Inter Milan, sidaas darteedna ay dhiseen guul naadir ah - saddexleeyda qaaradeed. Wadada loo maray guusha Champions League waxaa ku jiray guulo ay ka gaareen kooxaha waaweyn ee qaaradda ee Bayern Munich, oo 4-1 looga adkaaday wadarta guud[58], iyo Real Madrid, oo la kulantay guuldarro 4-1 ah wadarta guud oo ay u geysatay City[59][60][61]. Xilli ciyaareedkii xigay wuxuu arkay guul aad u yar oo u soo hoyatay Buluugga, maadaama ay ku guuleysteen UEFA Super Cup iyo FIFA Club World Cup markii ugu horreysay isla markaana noqdeen kooxdii ugu horreysay ee ragga Ingiriiska ah ee sheegata afar horyaal oo xiriir ah iyagoo wata horyaal kale oo Premier League ah[62]. City waxay sidoo kale u soo degtay finalkii FA Cup markii labaad oo xiriir ah laakiin waxay ku lumisay kulan ku celis ah cadowgooda Manchester United..

Xilli ciyaareedkii 2024–25 wuxuu muujiyay cillado waaweyn oo ku jiray kooxda gabowday ee City, maadaama Buluuggu ay ku guuleysteen kaliya Community Shield kulan kale oo ku celis ah oo ay la ciyaarayeen United[63]. Waxay sidoo kale u soo baxeen finalkoodii saddexaad ee xiriirka ah ee FA Cup laakiin waxay u lumiyeen Crystal Palace.&lt;ref name=&quot;CF&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=FA Cup final 2025 LIVE: Crystal Palace vs Man City - watch TV stream, score, radio &amp; updates|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/live/cm23zrkn7ryt|access-date=20 May 2025|website=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|archive-date=17 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250517133245/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/live/cm23zrkn7ryt|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Manchester City waxay ahaayeen kaalinta labaad ee horyaalka Premier League 2025-26 ka dib barbaro 1-1 ah oo ay la galeen Bournemouth kulankoodii gabaasiga ahaa[&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2026-05-19|title=Arsenal end 22-year wait for Premier League title|url=https://www.premierleague.com/en/news/4662306/arsenal-end-22-year-wait-for-premier-league-title/|access-date=2026-05-20|website=www.premierleague.com|language=en|archive-date=2026-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260520090321/https://www.premierleague.com/en/news/4662306/arsenal-end-22-year-wait-for-premier-league-title/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Xilligii Manchester City ee heerka sare ah ee tartanka waara wuxuu ku beegmay eedeymo ku saabsan inay jabiyeen xeerarka Caanaha Dhaqaalaha ee Caddaaladda (FFP). 2020, Maxkamadda Xallinta Khilaafaadka Ciyaaraha (CAS) waxay xukuntey in ganaaxyada lagu soo rogay kooxda ee UEFA aysan ahayn kuwo marmarsiinyo leh, iyadoo meesha ka saartay ganaaxii labada sano ee qaaradda ee City[66]. 2023, Premier League waxay ku dhawaaqday baaritaankeeda u gaarka ah eedeymaha loo jeediyay Manchester City, iyadoo ku eedeysay kooxda 130 jebin oo ku saabsan xeerarkeeda FFP ilaa xilli ciyaareedkii 2017–18.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11679/12804623/man-city-premier-league-charges-explained-what-are-they-what-could-punishment-be-whats-the-timescale|title=Man City Premier League charges explained: What are they? What could punishment be? What's the timescale?|work=[[Sky Sports]]|date=10 June 2023|access-date=26 September 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3045970|title=Premier League statement|work=[[Premier League]]|date=6 February 2023|access-date=16 December 2024|archive-date=19 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241219223750/https://www.premierleague.com/news/3045970|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/en/knowledge/publications/0b71c52b/manchester-city-v-the-premier-league-what-happens-next-in-the-115-charges-litigation|title=Manchester City v the Premier League: what happens next?|work=Norton Rose Fulbright|date=September 2025|access-date=19 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Taariikhda Horyaalak ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|
* 1892–1899 [[:en:Football_League_Second_Division|Heerka 2]] (L2)
* 1899–1902 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|H]][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|eerka 1]] (L1)
* 1902–1903 [[:en:Football_League_Second_Division|Heerka 2]] (L2)
* 1903–1909 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|H]][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|eerka]] [[:en:Football_League_First_Division|1]] (L1)
* 1909–1910 [[:en:Football_League_Second_Division|Heerka 2]] (L2)
|
* 1910–1926 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|H]][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|eerka]] [[:en:Football_League_First_Division|1]] (L1)
* 1926–1928 [[:en:Football_League_Second_Division|Heerka 2]] (L2)
* 1928–1938  [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_First_Division][[:en:Football_League_Second_Division|H]][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|eerka 1]] (L1)
* 1938–1947 [[:en:Football_League_Second_Division|Heerka 2]] (L2)
* 1947–1950 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|H]][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|eerka]]  [[:en:Football_League_First_Division|1]] (L1)
|
* 1950–1951 [[:en:Football_League_Second_Division|Heerka  2]] (L2)
* 1951–1963 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|H]][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|eerka]]  [[:en:Football_League_First_Division|1]] (L1)
* 1963–1966 [[:en:Football_League_Second_Division|Heerka  2]] (L2)
* 1966–1983 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|H]][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|eerka]]  [[:en:Football_League_First_Division|1]] (L1)
* 1983–1985 [[:en:Football_League_Second_Division|Heerka 2]] (L2)
|
* 1985–1987 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|H]][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|eerka]]  [[:en:Football_League_First_Division|1]] (L1)
* 1987–1989 [[:en:Football_League_Second_Division|Heerka  2]] (L2)
* 1989–1992 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|H]][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division][[:en:Football_League_First_Division|eerka 1]] (L1)
* 1992–1996 [[:en:Premier_League|Horyaalka Ingiriiska]] (L1)
* 1996–1998 [[:en:Football_League_First_Division|Heerka 1]] (L2)
|
* 1998–1999 [[:en:Football_League_Second_Division|Heerka 2]] (L3)
* 1999–2000 [[:en:Football_League_First_Division|Heerk1]] (L2)
* 2000–2001[[:en:Premier_League|Horyaalka Ingiriiska]] (L1)
* 2001–2002 [[:en:Football_League_First_Division|Division 1]] (L2)
* 2002– [[:en:Premier_League|Horyaalka Ingiriiska]] (L1)
|}
L1 = Heerka 1 ee nidaamka horyaalka kubadda cagta; L2 = Heerka 2 ee nidaamka horyaalka kubadda cagta; L3 = Heerka 3 ee nidaamka horyaalka kubadda cagta.

== Tixraac ==
{{Reflist}}

== Eeg waliba ==
* [http://www.mancity.com mancity.com]
* [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/england/manchester-city-football-club/676/ SOCCERWAY]
* [https://www.sofascore.com/team/football/manchester-city/17 SOFASCORE]
* [https://www.flashscore.com/team/manchester-city/Wtn9Stg0/ FLASHSCORE]
* [https://www.transfermarkt.com/manchester-city/startseite/verein/281 Transfermarkt]
* [https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/manchester-city-fc/464/ Globalsportsarchive]

[[Category:Ciyaaraha]]
[[Category:Naadiyaasha kubada Cagta]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Somtel</title>
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|name             = Somtel &lt;br /&gt; سومتيل
|type             = [[Isgaarsiinta]]
|logo             = [[File:Somtel somalia logo.jpg|thumb|400px|Calaamadda ka muuqata sawirkan waxaa weeye caalamada u gaarka ah ee shirkadda isgaadhsiinta ee Somtel ee kalaarka huruuda ah]]
|company_slogan   = Share your world
|foundation       = 1998 &lt;br /&gt; [[Burco]], [[Somaliland]]
|location_city    = [[Hargeysa]] [[Muqdisho]] [[Boosaaso]] [[Garoowe]]
|location_country = [[Somaliland]]
|key_people       = Axmed Nuux Siciid Ducaale
|industry         = [[Isgaarsiinta]] [[Somaliland]]
|products         = [[GSM]] [[Fixline]] [[4G LTE]] [[Mobile Money]] [[Roaming]] [[Voip]]
|num_employees    = inka badan 6000 [[Aduun]]ka oo dhan
|revenue          = 
|homepage         = [http://www.somtelnetwork.net/ www.somtelnetwork.net]
}}


'''Somtel''' ({{lang-en|''Somtel''}} {{lang-ar|''سومتيل''}}), waa shirkad isgaarsiin oo ku taala [[Somaliland]].Waxa ay ka mid tahay shirkadaha ka farcamay [[Dahabshiil]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://saraarmedia.com/blog/1398]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, &quot; Somtel waxay ka mid tahay shirkadaha ka farcama Dahabshiil&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;. Shirkadaan waxa ay cagaheeda isku taagtey bishii [[Maarso]] 1998.

== Adeegyadda Somtel ==
Shirkadda somtel waa shirkad isticmaasho adeega xadhigla (wireless) ee casriga ah. Shirkadaan waa shirkadii ugu horeeysay ee [[Soomaaliya]] ka bilaawdo adeegyada [[3G]] iyo [[4G LTE]]. Shirkadani waxa xaruunteeda ugu ween ku taala wadada madaxtooyada [[Somaliland]] ee [[Hargeysa]], Sidoo kale waxaa shirkadan si rasmi ah uga hawl gashaa dhammaan wadanka oo dhan iyadoo xaruumo ku leh dhammaan gobolada dalka oo dhan.

==Magac==
Ereyga Somtel waxaa laga soo xigtay ereyada [[Ingiriiska|Afka Qalaad]] ku noqonaya &quot;Somali Telecomunication&quot;; taasi oo macnaheedu yahay &quot;Isgaadhsiinta Soomaalida&quot;.

==Shirkado Shiraako la ah==
===O3b===
Bishii Nofember 2013, shirkada warisgaadhsiita O3b Networks, Ltd. waxay ku dhawaaqdey ineey Somtel wada galeen heshiis ah in O3b keeni doonto adeeg internet oo xawaarihiisu aad u sareeyo, isla markaana kharash badan ugu fadhiyin Somtel.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.o3bnetworks.com/2816 O3b]&lt;/ref&gt;

===Google===
Tan ilaa horaantii 2012, Somtel waxay heshiis la gashay shirkada [[Google]] si ay u isticmaasho adeega [[e-mail]]ka ee shirkadani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://support.google.com/chat/answer/1694772?hl=en |access-date=2016-09-18 |archive-date=2016-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425150924/https://support.google.com/chat/answer/1694772?hl=en |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;http://www.made-in-china.com/traderoom/somtel&lt;/ref&gt;

==Moowjadaha==
Shirkada Somtel waxay ku shaqeeysa adeegyada kala ah [[GSM]] iyo [[4G LTE]], kuwaasi oo leh awood ka fiican kuwii hore. Intaas waxaa dheer adeegyo kale oo kala ah: [[3G]] 2100, [[2G]] 1800, 900 iyo LTE 800[[MHz]] 20 FDD.

==Linkiyo banaanka ag==
*[http://www.somtelnetwork.net/ Somtel] {{Wayback|url=http://www.somtelnetwork.net/ |date=20131111020421 }}


==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Isgaarsiinta Somaliland]]
[[Category:Isgaarsiinta Soomaaliya]]</text>
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|-
|-
{{#if: |
{{!}} colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-size: smaller;  text-align: center;&quot; {{!}} [[File:|200px]]&lt;br /&gt;{{{caption|}}}}}
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-size: larger; text-align: center;&quot; | '''Maxamed Jawaarey'''&lt;br /&gt;محمد عثمان الجواري&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:2012 10 24 AMISOM Parliament Speaker E (8134659905).jpg|thumb|Prof: Maxamed Jawaari]]
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #cae1ff; text-align: center;&quot; | [[Liiska Afhayeenada Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya|Af-hayeenka Baarlamaanka]]
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | Xafiiska intuu joogay
|-
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | 28 [[Agoosto]], [[2012]] ilaa 20 [[Agoosto]], [[2016]]
|-
! Xil kalawareeg:
| [[Muuse Xasan Sheekh Sayid Cabdulleh]]...
|-
! Xil ku wareejin:
| [[?]].
|-
! Dhashay:
|  {{Dhalashada iyo sanadka|1945|12|07|df=y}}
|-
! Ku dhashay:
| [[Afgooye]], [[shabeellaha Hoose]] 
|-
! Dhintay:
| 
|-
! Kudhintay:
| 
|-wadani
! Diintiisa:
|  [[File:Allah-green.svg|18px]] [[Islaam]] (Sunni)
|-
! Dhalasho:
| '''{{{3|[[File:Flag_of_Somalia.svg|25px]]}}}''' [[Soomaaliya|Soomaali]]
|-
|}
'''Maxamed Jawaari''' ([[Af-Carabi|Af-Carabi:]] محمد عثمان الجواري‎) (dhashay 7 [[Diseembar]] 1945 wuxuuna dhintay Juun 28, 2024) waa siyaasi iyo gudoomiyaha baarlamaanka [[Soomaaliya]]

== Taariikh nololeed ==
Maxamed jawaari wuxuu ku dhashay degmada [[Afgooye]] [[1945]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.voasomali.com/content/article/1497220.html], &quot;waxa uu 7dii bishii December ee sanadkii 1945tii ku dhashay degmada Afgoye&quot; &lt;/ref&gt;,wuxuu registration ka qaatay degmada Buurhakaba, wuxuu ka baxay jaamacadda ummadda Soomaaliyeed, waa Khabiir taqasusyo badan soo sameeyay xagga shareecada Islaamka iyo law-ga 'comprehensive Law' waa nin ka soo shaqeeyay dhowr dastuur oo Soomaaliya lahayd laga soo bilaabo [[1960]]-kii.&quot;

waxa uu ku noolaa dalka [[Norway]], halkaas oo ka ahaa brofisoor wax ka dhigaayay jaamacad halkaas ku taal&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.co.uk/somali/maqal_iyo_muuqaal/2012/08/120825_taariikhda_jawaari.shtml], &quot;jaamacad ku taalla Norway oo uu wax ka dhigayay&quot; &lt;/ref&gt;.

== Diyaarintii Dastuurka ==
Jawaari, Waxa uu ahaa Guddoomiyeha Guddiga khubarada ee dib u eegista Qabyo qoraalka dastuurka ee kumeel gaarka ah.&lt;ref&gt;[http://somalitalkradio.com/2011/sept/WarSaxaafadeed.pdf] {{Wayback|url=http://somalitalkradio.com/2011/sept/WarSaxaafadeed.pdf |date=20240327005756 }} Guddiga khubarada dastuurka&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Doorashaddii Gudoonka [[Baarlamaan]]ka ==
Taariikhda marka ee eheed 28 [[Febraayo]] 2012 ayaa Jawaari ku guuleeystay tartanka gudoomiyenimada baarlamaanka soomaaliya. Xiligaas oo eheed markii ee siyaasiinta soomaaliya isku dayaayeen in ee ka gudbaan kumeelgaarnimada.Mudanayaal cusub oo matalaya golaha shacbiga ayaa oday dhaqameedyo dhisee taariikhda marka ee eheed 20kii agoosto 2012. Sideed maamlmood kadibneh waxaa bilaabatay tartanka gudoonka baarlamaanka. Shan musharaxiin ah ayaa ka soo qayb gashay, waxayna ku dhamaatay 2 musharixiin oo kala ahaa Jwaari iyo [[Cali Khaliif Galayr|Cali Khaliif Galaydh]]. Kadib markii Galayr looga raayay tartanka ayuu sheegay in uu tanaasulay, waxaana isla markiiba guulaystay jawaari. Wareeggiisa hore wuxuu Jawaari helay 119 cod, halka Cali Khaliif Galaydh uu ka helay 77 cod. 

Codadka la kala helay wareegga koowaad waxa ay kala yihiin: 
* 119 Maxamed Shiikh Cismaan Jawaari, 
* 77 Cali Khaliif Galeydh, 
* 23 Cabdi Xaashi Cabdullaahi, 
* 10 Cabdirashiid Maxamed Xiddig iyo 
* 5 Xasan Abshir Faarax. 
== fiiro ==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Siyaasadda Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>AC Milan</title>
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      <text bytes="3985" sha1="aibqe4b4mmnpibqjoy1de5hvk4egyz8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox football club
| clubname = AC Milan
| image = Logo of AC Milan.svg
| image_size = 130px
| alt = AC Milan badge
| fullname = {{Lang|it|Associazione Calcio Milan|italic=no}} [[Società per azioni|S.p.A.]]&lt;ref name=&quot;orgchart&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Organisational chart |url=http://www.acmilan.com/en/club/organisational_chart |work=acmilan.com |publisher={{Lang|it|Associazione Calcio Milan|italic=no}} |access-date=15 December 2024 | url-status= live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| nickname = {{nowrap|''I Rossoneri''}} {{nowrap|(The Red and Blacks)}}&lt;br /&gt;{{nowrap|''Il Diavolo''}} {{nowrap|(The Devil)}}
| founded = {{Start date and age|df=y|1899|12|18}}
| ground = [[San Siro]]
| capacity = 75,817 (limited capacity)&lt;br /&gt;80,018 (maximum)
| owner = [[RedBird Capital Partners]] (99.93%)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=RedBird Capital Partners completes acquisition of AC Milan |url=https://www.acmilan.com/en/news/articles/club/2022-08-31/redbird-capital-partners-completes-acquisition-of-ac-milan |website=acmilan.com |publisher={{Lang|it|Associazione Calcio Milan|italic=no}} |date=31 August 2022 |access-date=1 September 2022 |archive-date=29 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129102114/https://www.acmilan.com/en/news/articles/club/2022-08-31/redbird-capital-partners-completes-acquisition-of-ac-milan |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Relazione e bilancio al 30 giugno 2019 |trans-title=Financial statement as of 30 June 2019 |url=https://assets-eu-01.kc-usercontent.com/1293c890-579f-01b7-8480-902cca7de55e/94011f25-22a2-4928-98a5-6f6324472288/Bilanci-Relazioni-2018-19-ITA.pdf |page=14 |publisher={{Lang|it|Associazione Calcio Milan|italic=no}} |date=18 October 2019 |language=IT |access-date=10 October 2020 |archive-date=22 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022234241/https://assets-eu-01.kc-usercontent.com/1293c890-579f-01b7-8480-902cca7de55e/94011f25-22a2-4928-98a5-6f6324472288/Bilanci-Relazioni-2018-19-ITA.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Private shareholders (0.07%)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Chi Siamo |trans-title=About |url=https://www.apamilan.it/#section-about |website=APA Milan |date=15 May 2017 |language=IT |access-date=10 October 2020 |archive-date=17 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017093433/https://www.apamilan.it/#section-about |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| chairman = [[Paolo Scaroni]]
| mgrtitle = Head coach
| manager = [[Paulo Fonseca]]
| league = [[Serie A]]
| season = 2024/25
| position = 8th
| current = 2024–25 AC Milan season
| website = {{url|https://www.acmilan.com/en|acmilan.com}}
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[[File:Stadio San Siro.jpg|300px|thumb|right]]
'''Associazione Calcio Milan ''' ama '''AC Milan''' ( 16 diseembar 1889) waa ''koox-banooni'' oo kuyaalo magaalada [[Milan]] ee dalka [[Talyaaniga]] kooxda waxaa aay kuledahaay goob tageero ooy aqonsan tahaay kooxda ac milan siba wadanka somalia magalada muqdisho dagmada huriwa.kooxda ayaay isku xidhnayey dhanka tageero agaab iyo mid sponsor waxaay kadhisnay dagmada huriwa koxdaso ladhihi jiraay ''NEW TEAM AC MILAN SOMALIA''uu macalin iyo kaptanba uwadaaha AFDHUUB ABDISIYAD

== Tixraac ==
{{Reflist}}

== Eeg waliba ==
* [http://www.acmilan.com/ AC Milan acmilan.com]
{{Commonscat|A.C. Milan}}

[[Category:Naadiyaasha kubada Cagta]]
[[Category:Ciyaaraha]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lady Gaga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="14003" sha1="n7viv6ofl4muitvst3p5ilqpd7w29s2" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Lady Gaga|relatives=[[Natali Germanotta]]|module=|website={{URL|https://ladygaga.com/}}|partner=|awards=|years_active=2001–hada|occupation={{hlist|Heesaa|atariisho}}|works=|image=210120-D-WD757-1851 (50861345
0912) (cropped).jpg|mother=|organization={{plainlist|
* [[Born This Way Foundation]]
* [[Haus Laboratories]]
}}|birth_place=[[New York City]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1986|3|28}}|birth_name=Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta|caption=Gaga ee [[caleemo saarka Joe Biden]] ee 2021|alt=|parents=[[Cynthia Germanotta]] (hooyo)}}

'''Stefanee Ebanashka Joanne Angelina Germanotta''' (Maarso 28, 1986), loo yaqaan xirfad ahaan '''Lady Gaga''', waa heesaa Mareykan ah iyo atariisho.Waxay caan ku tahay dib-u-soo-noqoshada muuqaalkeeda iyo kala-duwanaanta muusiga. Ebanashka with autism and sindrom dauna.

Gaga fucxers waxa uu bilaabay bandhig faneedka iyadoo oo kuray ah, iyadoo oo ku heesa habeenada micnaha furan iyo jilida ciyaaraha dugsiga. Ka dib markii [[Def Jam Recordings]] ay kansashay qandaraaskeeda, waxay u shaqeysay gabay qoraa ah ee [[Sony Music Publishing|Sony/ATV Music Publishing]], halkaas oo ay heshiis wadajir ah la gashay Diiwaanka Interscope iyo calaamadda [[Akon]], [[KonLive Distribution]], ee 2007. Gaga waxay caan ku noqotay sanadka soo socda albamkeedii ugu horreeyay, [[The Fame|''The Fame'']], iyo heesaha &quot;[[Just Dance]]&quot; iyo &quot;[[Poker Face]]&quot;. Albamka ayaa markii dambe dib loo soo saaray sidii ''[[The Fame Monster]]'' (2009), kaasoo keenay heesaha guusha leh &quot;[[Bad Romance]]&quot;, &quot;[[Telephone]]&quot;, and &quot;[[Alejandro (hees)|Alejandro]]&quot;. 

Waxay sidoo kale ku dhiiratay jilista, iyada oo doorar hogaamineed ka ciyaartay wasaaradaha ''[[American Horror Story: Hotel]]'' (2015–2016), taaso ay ku heshay [[Abaalmarinta Golden Globe Award op Atariisho ugu Fiican]], iyo filimka aadka loo amaanay ee ''[[A Star Is Born (filim 2018)|A Star Is Born]]'' (2018). Waxay sidoo kale ku jishay filimka dambiyada taariikh nolol ''[[House of Gucci]]''.

Iyada oo iibisay 124 milyan oo rikoodh ilaa 2014, Gaga waa mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta muusiga ugu iibinta badan adduunka iyo fannaaniinta afraad ee dakhliga ugu sarreeya ee dumarka ah 2010-meeyadii. Samafalkeeda iyo firfircoonideeda waxay diiradda saartaa wacyiga caafimaadka dhimirka iyo [[Xuquuqda dadka LGBT dal ama dhul ahaan|xuquuqda LGBT]]; 2012, waxay aasaastay [[Born This Way Foundation]], oo ah hay'ad aan faa'iido doon ahayn oo ujeedadeedu tahay in la xoojiyo dhalinyarada, horumarinta caafimaadka maskaxda, iyo ka hortagga cagajuglaynta.&lt;ref&gt;https://bornthisway.foundation/&lt;/ref&gt; Waxqabadyada ganacsi Gaga waxaa ka mid ah [[Haus Laboratories]], oo ah summada qurxinta vegan ee la bilaabay 2019.

== Saamaynta ==
[[File:Lady_Gaga,_ARTPOP_Ball_Tour,_Bell_Center,_Montréal,_2_July_2014_(60)_(14376655959).jpg|alt=Gaga kneeling down wearing a shiny black upper garment, fishnet stockings and black high-heeled boots. Her hair is pale yellow.|thumb|Gaga ee 2014]]
Gaga iyo shaqadeeda waxay saamaysay fannaaniin kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin [[Miley Cyrus]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1635313/miley-cyrus-says-next-album-has-a-techno-vibe/|title=Miley Cyrus Says Next Album Has A 'Techno Vibe'|first=Jocelyn|last=Vena|publisher=MTV News|date=April 2, 2010|access-date=February 18, 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307184344/http://www.mtv.com/news/1635313/miley-cyrus-says-next-album-has-a-techno-vibe/|archive-date=March 7, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Nicki Minaj]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1651156/nicki-minaj-open-to-lady-gaga-collaboration/|title=Nicki Minaj Open To Lady Gaga Collaboration|first=Mawuse|last=Ziegbe|publisher=MTV News|date=October 29, 2010|access-date=February 22, 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328093838/http://www.mtv.com/news/1651156/nicki-minaj-open-to-lady-gaga-collaboration/|archive-date=March 28, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ellie Goulding]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.com/music/news/a319282/ellie-goulding-im-influenced-by-everyone/|title=Ellie Goulding: &quot;I'm influenced by everyone&quot;|first=Jennifer|last=Still|work=Digital Spy|date=May 13, 2011|access-date=March 23, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404181924/http://www.digitalspy.com/music/news/a319282/ellie-goulding-im-influenced-by-everyone/|archive-date=April 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Halsey]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|first=Xavier|last=Piedra|title=Halsey Gushes Over Lady Gaga at the Oscars: 'I Stan Her to My Grave'|url=https://billboard.com/articles/news/pride/8499840/halsey-lady-gaga-oscars-tweet|magazine=Billboard|access-date=August 21, 2021|date=February 25, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Jennifer Lopez]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/music/a325337/jennifer-lopez-lady-gaga-inspires-me/|title=Jennifer Lopez: 'Lady GaGa inspires me'|first=Tom|last=Eames|magazine=Digital Spy|access-date=February 2, 2020|date=June 16, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Beyoncé]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.ellecanada.com/culture/music/beyonce-lady-gaga-is-most-talented-pop-star|title=Beyonce: Lady Gaga is most talented pop star|date=July 27, 2011|magazine=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle Canada]]|access-date=September 17, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Nick Jonas]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/magazine-feature/6866903/nick-jonas-frat-movie-goat-scream-queens-jonas-brothers-new-album|title=Nick Jonas Talks About His 'Sadistic and Twisted' Role in Frat-Hazing Movie 'Goat'|first=Alex|last=Gale|magazine=Billboard|access-date=August 21, 2021|date=February 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Sam Smith (singer)|Sam Smith]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/lady-gagas-advice-to-sam-smith-suffer-for-your-art-20150202|title=Lady Gaga's Advice to Sam Smith: 'Suffer for Your Art'|first=Patrick|last=Doyle|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=November 21, 2017|date=February 2, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170428145838/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/lady-gagas-advice-to-sam-smith-suffer-for-your-art-20150202|archive-date=April 28, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Noah Cyrus]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/noah-cyrus-on-what-miley-taught-her-emotional-debut-single-w455215|title=Noah Cyrus on What Miley Taught Her, Emotional Debut Single|last=Spanos|first=Brittany|date=December 14, 2016|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=December 14, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161214173022/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/noah-cyrus-on-what-miley-taught-her-emotional-debut-single-w455215|archive-date=December 14, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Katherine Langford]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|first=Samantha|last=Highfill|url=https://ew.com/tv/2017/04/03/13-reasons-why-katherine-langford/|title=13 Reasons Why: Get to know series star Katherine Langford|date=April 3, 2017|magazine=Entertainment Weekly|access-date=April 11, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415210655/http://ew.com/tv/2017/04/03/13-reasons-why-katherine-langford/|archive-date=April 15, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[MGMT]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|first=Chino|last=Moreno|url=https://www.nme.com/news/mgmt/49400|title=MGMT's new album influenced by Lady Gaga and Kanye West|date=January 25, 2010|magazine=NME|access-date=February 18, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304134343/http://www.nme.com/news/mgmt/49400|archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Allie X]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Jason|last=St. Amand|title=Allie X Puts the 'X' in Your Music #Xperience|publisher=Edge Media Network|url=http://www.edgemedianetwork.com/entertainment///157491|access-date=May 24, 2017|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502000349/http://www.edgemedianetwork.com/entertainment///157491|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Greyson Chance]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|first=Monica|last=Herrera|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/viral-videos/958261/lady-gaga-surprises-paparazzi-fan-greyson-chance-on-ellen|title=Lady Gaga Surprises 'Paparazzi' Fan Greyson Chance on 'Ellen'|date=May 13, 2010|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=March 11, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Cardi B]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Oswald|first=Anjelica|url=https://www.insider.com/cardi-b-met-lady-gaga-grammys-freaked-out-photos-2019-2|title=Cardi B said Lady Gaga inspired her 3 years ago and freaked out after finally meeting her at the 2019 Grammys|website=[[Insider.com]]|date=February 11, 2019|agency=Insider Inc.|access-date=March 11, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Rina Sawayama]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Min|first=Lio|url=https://www.nylon.com/entertainment/rina-sawayama-on-sawayama-and-what-took-so-long|title=Rina Sawayama break through the simulation|date=April 22, 2020|magazine=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=September 18, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Blackpink]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Feeney|first=Nolan|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/9449501/blackpink-lady-gaga-sour-candy-interview|title=What Lady Gaga Taught Blackpink About Being Pop Stars|date=September 17, 2020|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=September 17, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Madison Beer]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|title=As part of our #WHM celebrations, @madisonbeer has picked a woman that challenges conventions and we couldn't agree more! (@ladygaga)|user=Deezer|date=March 11, 2021|number=1369981436485267457|access-date=April 11, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ren]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.koreaboo.com/stories/nuest-ren-lady-gaga-first-meeting-reaction-allure-korea/|title=NU'EST's Ren Reveals What His Reaction Would Be If He Met His Role Model Lady Gaga—It's Super Adorable|date=March 10, 2021|magazine=Koreaboo|access-date=March 11, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Slayyyter]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Michael|first=Michael|url=https://www.papermag.com/slayyyter-2611667509.html?rebelltitem=6#rebelltitem6|title=Slayyyter is 2018 Pop, Inspired by 2007 Britney, Lindsay, and Paris|date=October 15, 2018|magazine=[[Paper (magazine)|Paper]]|access-date=August 21, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Bebe Rexha]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|title=Inspired by @chancetherapperk, @Beyonce, @BrunoMars, @Adele, @ladygaga. #AllYourFaultPt1|user=BebeRexha|date=February 13, 2017|number=831007322818293761|access-date=August 21, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Bree Runway]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|title=&quot;Bree Runway In Conversation With Leomie Anderson PT. 1&quot;|work=Bree Runway|date=September 7, 2020|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fkpn4OHaU94&amp;ab_channel=BreeRunway|via=YouTube|access-date=August 21, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Celeste]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Hulton|first=Anna|url=https://planetradio.co.uk/hits-radio/entertainment/celebrity/brits-celeste-lady-gaga/|title=Celeste reveals Lady Gaga is a BIG influence and she 'can't control herself'|date=February 21, 2020|magazine=[[Hits Radio]]|access-date=August 27, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Kim Petras]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Thomson|first=Jeffrey|url=https://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/article/how-kim-petras-is-nurturing-a-new-era-of-female-empowered-pop|title=How Kim Petras is Nurturing a New Era of Female-empowered Pop|date=May 13, 2020|magazine=[[Love (magazine)|Love]]|access-date=August 27, 2021|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Lixaad 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617070753/https://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/article/how-kim-petras-is-nurturing-a-new-era-of-female-empowered-pop|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Jojo Siwa]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Vaidyanathan|first=Vaishnavi|url=https://www.ibtimes.com/jojo-siwa-reacts-being-times-most-influential-people-list-names-celebrity-3050504|title=JoJo Siwa Reacts To Being On Time's Most Influential People List, Names Celebrity Inspirations|date=September 23, 2020|magazine=International Business Times|access-date=August 27, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Pabllo Vittar]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.tenhomaisdiscosqueamigos.com/2019/07/12/pabllo-vittar-cinco-discos-tidal/|date=July 12, 2019|access-date=September 17, 2021|title=Pabllo Vittar lista os cinco discos que mudaram sua vida para o TIDAL|trans-title=Pabllo Vittar lists the five records that changed her life for TIDAL|website=Tenho Mais Discos Que Amigos|last=Hahne|first=Stephanie}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ava Max]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Duboff|first=Josh|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2019/02/sweet-but-psycho-ava-max-interview|title=&quot;Sweet but Psycho&quot; Singer Ava Max Is Trying to &quot;Bring Pop Back&quot;|date=February 13, 2019|magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|access-date=September 17, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Doja Cat]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|title=The way @DojaCat is flexing an encyclopedic memory of her favorite @ladygaga and @beyonce #VMA performances (complete with EXACT YEARS) is truly impressive #VMAStanCam|user=vmas|date=August 31, 2020|number=1300252001364836353|access-date=December 20, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Chaeyoung]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|title=&quot;How Well Does TWICE Know Each Other? - TWICE Game Show - Vanity Fair&quot;|magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazines)|Vanity Fair]]|date=October 6, 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Id0J5NV6aH4&amp;ab_channel=VanityFair|via=YouTube|access-date=October 7, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Kanye West]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Shaheem|last=Reid|title=Kanye West 'Inspired' by Lady Gaga's 'Poker Face' for Kid Cudi Single|url=https://www.mtv.com/news/1612265/kanye-west-inspired-by-lady-gagas-poker-face-for-kid-cudi-single/|publisher=MTV News|access-date=December 9, 2021|date=May 27, 2009|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209012626/https://www.mtv.com/news/1612265/kanye-west-inspired-by-lady-gagas-poker-face-for-kid-cudi-single/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo [[Rachel Zegler]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=&quot;Rachel Zegler GUSHES Over Lady Gaga, Says She's the Reason She's Here (Exclusive)&quot;|work=[[Extra (American TV program)|Extra]]|date=December 8, 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GIvv0CCkC30|via=YouTube|access-date=December 9, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraac ==
[[Category:Fanaaniinta]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Taylor Swift</title>
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      <text bytes="26114" sha1="kgftwzthrkjw71xns0o19mg1ns4e3jg" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Taylor Swift|relatives={{plainlist|
* [[Austin Swift]]
* [[Marjorie Finlay]]
}}|module=|website={{URL|taylorswift.com}}|awards=|years_active=2004–hada|other_names=Nils Sjöberg&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|first=Gil|last=Kaufman|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/dance/7438158/taylor-swift-calvin-harris-co-wrote-this-is-what-you-came-for-pseudonym|title=Taylor Swift Co-Wrote Calvin Harris' 'This Is What You Came For' Under Swedish Pseudonym|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=July 13, 2016|access-date=May 25, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;|occupation={{Hlist|Fannan|atariisho|}}|partner=[[Joe Alwyn]] (2016–2023)|image=Taylor Swift at the 2024 Golden Globes (1).png|birth_place=[[West Reading, Pennsylvania]], U.S.|works=|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1989|12|13}}|birth_name=Taylor Alison Swift|caption=Swift ee 2024|alt=|signature=File:Taylor Swift signature.svg}}

'''Taylor Alison Swift''' (Diseembar 13, 1989) waa fannaanad iyo qoora heeseed [[Gobolada Isku Tegay ee Ameerika|Mareykan]] ah. Waxay caan ku tahay heesaha sheekooyinka ee ku saabsan nolosheeda shaqsiyadeed. Waxay ku dhashay [[West Reading, Pennsylvania]], Swift waxay u guurtay [[Nashville, Tennessee]], iyadoo 14 jir ah si uu u sii wato xirfadda [[muusiga country]]. Waxay heshiis qoraal ah la saxeexatay [[Sony Music Publishing|Sony/ATV Music Publishing]] 2004tii iyo heshiis duubis ah oo ay la gashay [[Big Machine Records]] ee 2005, waxayna sii daysay [[Taylor Swift (album)|albamkeedii ugu horeeyay ee istuudiyaha]] 2006.

Waxay iibisay in ka badan 200 milyan oo rikoodhada adduunka oo dhan, Swift waa mid ka mid ah fannaaniinta ugu iibinta wanaagsan waqtiga oo dhan. Waxaa loo magacaabay Haweeneyda Tobankii Sano ee 2010-kii ee ''[[Billboard]]'' iyo Farshaxanadii Tobankii Sano ee lasoo dhaafay Abaalmarinnada Muusigga Mareykanka, Swift waxaa loo aqoonsaday shaqadeeda saameynta leh iyo sidoo kale u doodista xuquuqda fannaaniinta iyo xoojinta haweenka ee warshadaha muusiga.

== Sawirka dadweynaha ==
Swift waxay noqotay [[idol da'yar]] markii ay ka doodeysay,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=NPR Staff|date=November 2, 2012|title=Taylor Swift: 'My Confidence Is Easy To Shake'|work=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/2012/11/03/164186569/taylor-swift-my-confidence-is-easy-to-shake|access-date=May 20, 2021}}{{Cite news|last=Thanki|first=Juli|date=September 24, 2015|title=Taylor Swift: Teen idol to 'biggest pop artist in the world'|work=[[The Tennessean]]|publisher=[[USA Today Network]]|department=Entertainment|url=https://www.tennessean.com/story/entertainment/music/2015/09/24/taylor-swift-teen-idol-biggest-pop-artist-world/72744548/|access-date=May 13, 2021}}{{Cite news|last=Yahr|first=Emily|date=June 16, 2016|title=Taylor Swift's first song came out 10 years ago. Here's what she was like as a teen songwriter.|newspaper=The Washington Post|department=Arts and Entertainment|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2016/06/16/taylor-swifts-first-song-came-out-10-years-ago-heres-what-she-was-like-as-a-teen-songwriter/|access-date=May 13, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513182351/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2016/06/16/taylor-swifts-first-song-came-out-10-years-ago-heres-what-she-was-like-as-a-teen-songwriter/|archive-date=May 13, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;  iyo astaan ​​pop marka caannimada caalamka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Levine|first=Nick|date=August 21, 2019|title=Taylor Swift's Lover: The struggle to maintain superstardom|url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20190820-taylor-swift-and-the-struggle-to-maintain-pop-superstardom|access-date=October 29, 2021|agency=[[BBC]]}}{{Cite web|date=October 29, 2021|title=The Evolution of Taylor Swift From Country Star to Pop Icon|url=https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/evolution-taylor-swift-country-star-212600688.html|access-date=October 29, 2021|agency=Yahoo!}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;The Very Pink, Very Perfect Life of Taylor Swift&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Taylor in Wonderland&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:24&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Knibbs|first=Kate|date=August 21, 2019|title=Ten Years of Taylor Swift: How the Pop Star Went From Sweetheart to Snake (and Back Again?)|url=https://www.theringer.com/music/2019/8/21/20826837/ten-years-of-taylor-swift|access-date=December 13, 2021|website=[[The Ringer (website)|The Ringer]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Snapes|first=Laura|date=November 25, 2019|title=New rules: the destruction of the female pop role model|newspaper=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/nov/25/destruction-of-female-pop-role-model-decade-in-music|access-date=November 1, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' ayaa ku tilmaamay Swift inay tahay &quot;qofka ugu fiican tan iyo [[Bill Clinton]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Willman|first=Chris|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/taylor-swift-tapes-vh1-storytellers-379446|title=Taylor Swift Tapes VH1 'Storytellers'|magazine=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=October 17, 2012|access-date=February 25, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121123033439/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/taylor-swift-tapes-vh1-storytellers-379446|archive-date=November 23, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyadoo la guddoonsiinayey abaal-marin ah oo ay ku mutaysatay dadaallada bini’aadantinimo ee sannadkii 2012-kii, marwadii hore ee Madaxweynihii hore ee Maraykanka [[Michelle Obama]] ayaa ku tilmaantay Swift inay tahay farshaxaniste &quot;gantaalay xagga sare ee mihnadda muusigga, balse haddana cagaheeda dhulka ku haysa&quot;;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|url=http://nymag.com/thecut/2012/04/michelle-obama-honors-taylor-swift.html|title=Michelle Obama Honors Taylor Swift, Taylor Swift So Honored|last=Moss|first=Hilary|date=April 2, 2012|magazine=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|access-date=March 6, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528072212/http://nymag.com/thecut/2012/04/michelle-obama-honors-taylor-swift.html|archive-date=May 28, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Swift waxay u aragtaa Obama inay tahay tusaale lagu daydo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://tasteofcountry.com/taylor-swift-michelle-obama/|title=Taylor Swift Reflects on Meeting First Lady Michelle Obama|last=Pacella|first=Megan|date=April 15, 2012|work=[[Taste of Country]]|access-date=April 15, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414195616/http://tasteofcountry.com/taylor-swift-michelle-obama/|archive-date=April 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2015, ''[[Vanity Fair]]'' waxay u tixraacday Swift sida &quot;madadaalada ugu caansan uguna saamaynta badan Dunida&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Duboff|first=Josh|title=Taylor Swift: Apple Crusader, #GirlSquad Captain, and the Most Influential 25-Year-Old in America|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2015/08/taylor-swift-cover-mario-testino-apple-music|access-date=January 13, 2022|magazine=Vanity Fair}}&lt;/ref&gt; Marka loo eego sahamintii YouGov, waxay gashay kaalinta fanaaniinta dumarka loogu jecel yahay adduunka intii u dhaxaysay 2019 ilaa 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=These Are 2019's Most Admired Women in the World|url=https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/most-admired-women-world-yougov-poll/|access-date=December 4, 2019|publisher=[[Global Citizen (organization)|Global Citizen]]}}{{Cite web|last=Smith|first=Matthew|date=September 25, 2020|title=Barack and Michelle Obama are the World's Most Admired|url=https://today.yougov.com/topics/international/articles-reports/2020/09/25/worlds-most-admired-2020|access-date=November 5, 2021|website=YouGov|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 22, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522111223/https://today.yougov.com/topics/international/articles-reports/2020/09/25/worlds-most-admired-2020|dead-url=yes}}{{Cite web|date=December 14, 2021|title=World's most admired 2021|url=https://today.yougov.com/topics/international/articles-reports/2021/12/13/worlds-most-admired-2021|access-date=December 18, 2021|website=[[YouGov]]|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214055119/https://today.yougov.com/topics/international/articles-reports/2021/12/13/worlds-most-admired-2021|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mid ka mid ah dadka sida aadka ah la raaco baraha bulshada,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last1=Berg|first1=Madeline|date=November 18, 2015|title=Taylor Swift Vs. Katy Perry: Which Star Rules Social Media?|work=[[Forbes]]|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/maddieberg/2015/11/18/taylor-swift-vs-katy-perry-which-star-rules-social-media/|url-status=live|access-date=July 23, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827185624/http://www.forbes.com/sites/maddieberg/2015/11/18/taylor-swift-vs-katy-perry-which-star-rules-social-media/|archive-date=August 27, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Swift waxaa lagu yaqaanaa is dhexgalka saaxiibtinimo ee joogtada ah iyo taageereyaasheeda,&lt;ref name=&quot;Erin&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|last1=Strecker|first1=Erin|title=Read Taylor Swift's Sweet Message to Bullied Fan|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/6451041/taylor-swift-sweet-message-bullied-fan-tumblr|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=January 31, 2015|date=January 27, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150130032719/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/6451041/taylor-swift-sweet-message-bullied-fan-tumblr|archive-date=January 30, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|title=Taylor Swift Visited a Children's Hospital|url=https://time.com/4403205/taylor-swift-visits-childrens-hospital-australia/|access-date=September 4, 2020|magazine=Time|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 22, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522021051/https://time.com/4403205/taylor-swift-visits-childrens-hospital-australia/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxay hadiyadaha fasaxa ugu soo dirtay boostada iyo qof ahaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=France|first1=Lisa Respers|title=Taylor Swift's year-end gift video brings all the feels|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2015/01/01/showbiz/celebrity-news-gossip/feat-taylor-swift-end-of-year-video/index.html|publisher=CNN|access-date=July 6, 2020|date=January 3, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay u aragtaa &quot;mas'uuliyadeeda&quot; inay ka warqabto saamaynta ay ku leedahay taageerayaasha da'da yar,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/nov/18/news/la-heb-taylor-swift-role-model-20111118|title=Taylor Swift weighs in on being a role model|date=November 18, 2011|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=April 18, 2012|first1=Jeannine|last1=Stein|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120715024559/http://articles.latimes.com/2011/nov/18/news/la-heb-taylor-swift-role-model-20111118|archive-date=July 15, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxay ku ammaantay xiriirka ay la leedahay taageerayaasheeda inuu yahay &quot;kii ugu dheeraa uguna fiicnaa&quot; ee ay abid yeelato.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Billboard Music Awards: Taylor Swift thanks her fans for being her 'longest and best relationship'|last=McKnight|first=Jenni|url=http://metro.co.uk/2013/05/20/billboard-music-awards-taylor-swift-thanks-her-fans-for-being-her-longest-and-best-relationship-3801610/|work=[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]]|access-date=April 4, 2015|date=May 20, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150410124115/http://metro.co.uk/2013/05/20/billboard-music-awards-taylor-swift-thanks-her-fans-for-being-her-longest-and-best-relationship-3801610/|archive-date=April 10, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Queen of Easter eggs Taylor Swift was hinting at 'evermore' all along – Music News – ABC News Radio|url=http://abcnewsradioonline.com/music-news/2020/12/10/queen-of-easter-eggs-taylor-swift-was-hinting-at-evermore-al.html|access-date=November 10, 2021|agency=[[ABC News]]|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 7, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507122109/http://abcnewsradioonline.com/music-news/2020/12/10/queen-of-easter-eggs-taylor-swift-was-hinting-at-evermore-al.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Taylor_Swift_GMA_2012.jpg|alt=Taylor Swift in a red dress.|left|thumb|Swift ee barnaamijka ''[[Good Morning America]]'' 2012. Bushimaha cas waxaa guud ahaan loo arkaa mid ka mid ah qaabkeeda saxiixa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Webster|first=Emma Sarran|title=Taylor Swift's Perfect Red Lipstick Lessons|url=https://www.teenvogue.com/gallery/taylor-swift-perfect-red-lipstick-lessons|access-date=December 28, 2021|website=[[Teen Vogue]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Warbaahintu waxay ku tilmaamaan Swift inay tahay ganacsade caqli badan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|date=January 10, 2020|title=From Country Cutie to Power Player: Taylor Swift's Style Evolution|magazine=Billboard|url=https://www.billboard.com/photos/429884/taylor-swift-style-evolution-photos|access-date=November 3, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Sisario|first=Ben|date=November 5, 2014|title=Sales of Taylor Swift's '1989' Intensify Streaming Debate|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/06/arts/music/sales-of-taylor-swifts-1989-intensify-streaming-debate.html|access-date=July 5, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:24&quot; /&gt;

In kasta oo Swift ay ka caga jiidayso inay si fagaare ah ugala hadasho nolosheeda gaarka ah—iyada oo aaminsan inay tahay &quot;daciifnimo xirfadeed&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|date=February 13, 2015|title=On the Road with Best Friends Taylor Swift and Karlie Kloss|url=http://www.vogue.com/9287379/taylor-swift-karlie-kloss-best-friends-march-2015-cover/|url-status=dead|magazine=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104150142/http://www.vogue.com/9287379/taylor-swift-karlie-kloss-best-friends-march-2015-cover|archive-date=November 4, 2015|access-date=November 10, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;— waa mawduuc dareen warbaahineed oo baahsan iyo mala-awaal [[Saxaafadda tablood|tabloid]] ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Meddings|first=Jacqui|date=October 31, 2014|title=Taylor Swift is our new cover goddess|url=http://www.cosmopolitan.co.uk/entertainment/interviews/a30873/taylor-swift-cover-interview-talks-feminism-and-lena-dunham/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160714043054/http://www.cosmopolitan.co.uk/entertainment/interviews/a30873/taylor-swift-cover-interview-talks-feminism-and-lena-dunham/|archive-date=July 14, 2016|access-date=August 2, 2016|magazine=[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|Cosmopolitan]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Taylor Swift: Her 15 Best Songs|url=https://www.clashmusic.com/features/taylor-swift-her-15-best-songs|access-date=January 6, 2022|magazine=Clash}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Chang|first=Bee-Shyuan|date=March 15, 2013|title=Taylor Swift Gets Some Mud on Her Boots|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/17/fashion/for-taylor-swifts-image-erosion-is-a-danger.html|url-status=live|access-date=June 10, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130322110003/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/17/fashion/for-taylor-swifts-image-erosion-is-a-danger.html|archive-date=March 22, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhaleeceeyayaal qaarkood ayaa iftiimiyay [[Naag neceb|nacasnimada]] iyo [[Ceebaynta-dumarka|ceebaynta]] Swift nolosheeda iyo shaqadeeda la hoos geeyay.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Wahi|first=Sukriti|date=March 3, 2021|title=Every Time Taylor Swift Perfectly Shut Down A Sexist Interview Question|url=https://www.elle.com.au/celebrity/taylor-swift-sexist-questions-20572|magazine=Elle|access-date=November 4, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Davis|first=Allison P.|date=June 28, 2018|title=The Taylor Swift Slut-Shaming Continues|url=https://www.thecut.com/2013/06/taylor-swift-slut-shaming-continues.html|access-date=November 4, 2021|website=[[The Cut (website)|The Cut]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Furdyk|first=Brent|date=September 27, 2019|title=Taylor Swift's 'Lover' Certified Platinum After Just 4 Weeks|url=https://etcanada.com/news/514258/taylor-swifts-lover-certified-platinum-after-just-4-weeks/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424231342/https://etcanada.com/news/514258/taylor-swifts-lover-certified-platinum-after-just-4-weeks/|archive-date=April 24, 2020|access-date=November 3, 2021|website=[[ET Canada]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=July 24|first=Lauren Huff|date=July 24, 2020|title=Taylor Swift's 'Mad Woman' picks up where 'The Man' left off|url=https://ew.com/music/taylor-swift-mad-woman/|access-date=November 4, 2021|magazine=Entertainment Weekly}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Baumgartner|first=Scott|url=https://www.etonline.com/taylor-swift-on-her-haters-you-dont-have-to-forgive-and-you-dont-have-to-forget-131169|title=Taylor Swift on Her Haters: 'You Don't Have to Forgive and You Don't Have to Forget'|access-date=November 4, 2021|website=Entertainment Tonight|date=August 29, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Chappet|first=Marie-Claire|date=January 25, 2022|title=Why is Taylor Swift such an easy target for male disdain and disrespect?|url=https://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/article/taylor-swift-male-feuds|access-date=January 25, 2022|magazine=Glamour}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Hall|first=James|date=January 25, 2022|title=Why Taylor Swift is the woman the music industry needs|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/music/artists/taylor-swift-woman-music-industry-needs/|url-access=subscription|access-date=January 26, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Moodo ===
Fashion-ka Swift waxaa inta badan daboola xarumaha warbaahinta, iyada oo [[Qaabka wadada|qaabkeeda waddooyinku]] ay helayso ammaan.&lt;ref&gt;Sources on her streetstyle

# {{Cite web|date=July 9, 2015|title=Taylor Swift's Greatest Street Style Moments|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/stylish/pictures/taylor-swift-best-street-style-moments-201517/|access-date=December 28, 2021|website=Us Weekly}}
# {{Cite web|last=Wallace|first=Francesca|date=July 19, 2018|title=All the times Taylor Swift's street style look was worth copying|url=https://www.vogue.com.au/fashion/street-style/all-the-times-taylor-swifts-street-style-look-was-worth-copying/image-gallery/f5ddd0390d534c11f32678ecc52fc99c|access-date=December 28, 2021|website=Vogue Australia}}
# {{Cite web|last=Glein|first=Kelsey|date=January 6, 2015|title=Taylor Swift's Best Street Style Looks|url=https://www.instyle.com/fashion/street-style/taylor-swift-street-style-pro|access-date=December 28, 2021|website=[[InStyle]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Soojiidashada moodada waxaa soo qaatay dhowr daabacaad oo warbaahin ah, sida ''[[People]]'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://stylenews.peoplestylewatch.com/2014/09/17/best-dressed-taylor-swift-jennifer-lopez-style/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160220110441/http://stylenews.peoplestylewatch.com/2014/09/17/best-dressed-taylor-swift-jennifer-lopez-style/|archive-date=February 20, 2016|title=People's Best Dressed, Taylor Swift Best Dressed 2014|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=September 17, 2014|access-date=December 1, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[Elle]]'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Powell|first=Hannah Lyons|url=http://www.elleuk.com/fashion/articles/a24919/taylor-swift-wins-woman-of-the-year-2015/|title=Taylor Swift wins Woman of the Year award – ELLE Style Awards 2015|work=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]|date=February 24, 2015|access-date=December 1, 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927004926/http://www.elleuk.com/fashion/articles/a24919/taylor-swift-wins-woman-of-the-year-2015/|archive-date=September 27, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[Vogue]]'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Holt|first=Emily|date=July 1, 2011|title=American Idols: Icons of Stateside Style – Vogue Daily|url=http://www.vogue.com/869845/american-idols-icons-of-stateside-style/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908125018/http://www.vogue.com/869845/american-idols-icons-of-stateside-style/|archive-date=September 8, 2014|access-date=June 15, 2012|work=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo ''[[Maxim]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.maxim.com/entertainment/taylor-swift-tops-2015-maxim-hot-100|title=Taylor Swift Tops the 2015 Maxim Hot 100|work=[[Maxim (magazine)|Maxim]]|date=May 18, 2015|access-date=December 1, 2015|last=Roy|first=Jessica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108192530/https://www.maxim.com/entertainment/taylor-swift-tops-2015-maxim-hot-100|archive-date=November 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Nurick|first=Jen|date=April 22, 2020|title=Why Taylor Swift has become one of the world's biggest sustainable fashion influencers|url=https://www.vogue.com.au/fashion/news/why-taylor-swift-has-become-one-of-the-worlds-biggest-sustainable-fashion-influencers/news-story/f9075a83e7f0a2c0d9db1e1be8028d9a|access-date=November 17, 2020|website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Guthrie|first=Susannah|date=July 27, 2020|title=Taylor Swift's Incredible Before And After Beauty Transformation In Pictures|url=https://www.elle.com.au/beauty/taylor-swift-before-after-20368|access-date=November 10, 2021|website=Elle}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=December 8, 2020|title=The 50 best albums of 2020, No 9: Taylor Swift – Folklore|url=http://www.theguardian.com/music/2020/dec/08/the-best-albums-of-2020-no-9-taylor-swift-folklore|access-date=December 28, 2021|website=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Clark|first=Lucie|date=July 27, 2020|title=What is cottagecore? The phenomenon made popular by Taylor Swift|url=https://www.vogue.com.au/culture/lifestyle/what-is-cottagecore-the-phenomenon-made-popular-by-taylor-swift/news-story/6f4f501ffaee50c73f394d64f1ada174|access-date=December 28, 2021|website=Vogue Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Siroky|first=Mary|date=November 9, 2021|title=Every Taylor Swift Album Ranked from Worst to Best|url=https://consequence.net/2021/11/taylor-swift-albums-ranked-list/|access-date=November 10, 2021|website=Consequence}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In kasta oo ay warbaahintu ku calaamadisay inay tahay &quot;[[Naaneysyada sharafta leh ee muusiga caanka ah|Macaanta Ameerika]]&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Vincent|first=Alice|date=November 3, 2017|title=Taylor Swift: the rise, fall and re-invention of America's sweetheart|work=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/music/artists/taylor-swift-rise-fall-re-invention-americas-sweetheart/|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/music/artists/taylor-swift-rise-fall-re-invention-americas-sweetheart/|archive-date=January 10, 2022|url-access=subscription|url-status=live|access-date=July 5, 2020|issn=0307-1235}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=19-Year-Old Superstar Taylor Swift Remains Humble|url=https://www.voanews.com/archive/19-year-old-superstar-taylor-swift-remains-humble|website=[[Voice of America]]|date=November 2, 2009|access-date=July 5, 2020|archive-date=Bisha Todobaad 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705021733/https://www.voanews.com/archive/19-year-old-superstar-taylor-swift-remains-humble|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Fischer|first1=Nancy|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/953030187|title=Introducing the new sexuality studies : 3rd edition|last2=Seidman|first2=Steven|date=2016|isbn=978-1-317-44918-8|edition=3rd|location=London|pages=529|oclc=953030187}}&lt;/ref&gt; Swift waxay ku adkaysanaysaa in aanay &quot;ku noolaanayn dhammaan xeerarkan adag ee qallafsan ee i dareensiinaya in aan dhammaanteed ku jiro. Waxa aan jeclahay sida aan dareemayo, taasina waxa ay i dareensiinaysaa xorriyad badan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;independent1&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Mclean|first=Craig|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/taylor-swift-maybe-i-should-just-lighten-up-2112052.html|title=Taylor Swift: 'Maybe I should just lighten up'|work=[[The Independent]]|date=October 24, 2010|access-date=February 4, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; In kasta oo ay diiday in ay ka qayb qaadato sawirada &quot;kacsiga&quot; ee 2012,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Nisha Lilia Diu|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/8421110/Taylor-Swift-I-wont-do-sexy-shoots.html|title=Taylor Swift: 'I won't do sexy shoots'|newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=April 3, 2011|access-date=February 4, 2017|location=London|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030041323/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/8421110/Taylor-Swift-I-wont-do-sexy-shoots.html|archive-date=October 30, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxay tidhi &quot;waa wax fiican inaad noqoto mid [[Soo jiidasho (qaab)|soo jiidasho]] leh&quot; ee 2015.&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; ''[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]]'' waxay Swift u aragtaa [[Astaanta galmada|calaamad galmo]], in kasta oo ay tahay noocyo kala duwan oo khiyaano ah oo casri ah oo ka duwan qaar badan oo ka mid ah dumarkii asaageed ahaa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Kessler|first1=Zara|title=Taylor Swift's Sexual Temptation|newspaper=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2014-11-05/taylor-swift-s-sexual-temptation|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.]]|access-date=July 24, 2016|date=November 5, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728164205/http://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2014-11-05/taylor-swift-s-sexual-temptation|archive-date=July 28, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== [[Filmografi]] ==

* ''[[Hannah Montana: The Movie]]'' (2009)
* ''[[CSI: Crime Scene Investigation]]'' (2009)
* ''[[Valentine's Day]]'' (2010)
* ''[[Journey to Fearless]]'' (2010)
* ''[[The Lorax]]'' (2012)
* ''[[The Giver]]'' (2014)
* ''The 1989 World Tour Live'' (2015)
* ''Taylor Swift: Reputation Stadium Tour'' (2018)
* ''[[Cats]]'' (2019)
* ''[[Miss Americana]]'' (2020)
* ''[[City of Lover]]'' (2020)
* ''[[Folklore: The Long Pond Studio Sessions]]'' (2020)
* ''[[All Too Well: The Short Film]]'' (2021)

== Diskografi ==

* ''[[Taylor Swift (album)|Taylor Swift]]'' (2006)
* ''[[Fearless]]'' (2008)
* ''[[Speak Now]]'' (2010)
* ''[[Red]]'' (2012)
* ''[[1989 (album)|1989]]'' (2014)
* ''[[Reputation]]'' (2017)
* ''[[Lover]]'' (2019)
* ''[[Folklore]]'' (2020)
* ''[[Evermore]]'' (2020)
* ''Midnights'' (2022)
* Waaxda Abwaannada La Silciyay (2024)
* Nolosha Gabadh Bandhig-faneed (2025)

=== Dib u duubista ===

* ''[[Fearless (Taylor's Version)]]'' (2021)
* ''[[Red (Taylor's Version)]]'' (2021)

== Tixraacyo ==

[[Category:Muusig]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]
&lt;references /&gt;

== Xiriirinta dibadda ==

* {{IMDb name}}</text>
      <sha1>kgftwzthrkjw71xns0o19mg1ns4e3jg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gegada Diyaaradaha ee Aadan Cadde</title>
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[[File:Aden Abdullah Airport.jpg||706px|thumb|[[Aden Adde International Airport]], magaalada [[Mogadishu]]]]
{{Infobox Airport
| name         = Garoonka Diyaaradaha Aadan Cadde
| nativename   = Aden Adde International Airport
| nativename-a = 
| nativename-r =
| image        = 
| image-width  = 
| IATA         = MGQ
| ICAO         = HCMM
&lt;center&gt;{{Location map|Somalia|width=200|float=center
|caption=|mark=Airplane_silhouette.svg|marksize=15
|label=MGQ|position=right
|lat_deg=02|lat_min=00|lat_sec=49|lat_dir=N
|lon_deg=45|lon_min=18|lon_sec=17|lon_dir=E
}}&lt;small&gt;Garoonka halka uu Soomaaliya kaga yaal&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/center&gt;
| type         = (Shibil iyo Militari) oo kaabiga isku haya
| hub for      = [[Jubba Airways]] {{*}} [[Daallo Airlines]] {{*}} [[Turkish Airlines]]
| closest town = Marka
| elevation_ft = 29
| elevation_m  = 9
| coordinates  = {{Coord|02|00|49|N|45|18|17|E|type:airport|display=inline,title}}
| r1-number    = 05/23
| r1-length-f  = 14,763
| r1-length-m  = 4,500 &lt;ref&gt; ''Garoonka caalamiga ah ee muqdisho waxa uu ka samaysan yahay 4,500-meter dhabaha diyaaraddu ku cararto''  - Somalia: Issues, Taariikhda, iyo Tixraaca - Bogga 18 ee Nina J. Fitzgerald &lt;/ref&gt;
| r1-surface   = Kabbisid
| location     = [[Muqdisho]], [[Soomaaliya]]
| hub          = [[Jubba Airways]]
| website      = {{URL|http://www.adenaddeairport.com}}
}}

'''Garoonka Caalamiga Aadan Cadde''' ({{lang-en|''Aden Adde International Airport''}}, {{lang-ar|مطار آدم عدي الدولي}}) {{Astaanta garoonka|MGQ|HCMM}}, wakhtigii hore loo yaqaanay '''Gegada diyaaradaha Caalamiga Muqdisho''', waa [[gego diyaarad]]eed caalami ah oo ku yaala magaalada [[Muqdisho]], magaalo-madaxda wadanka [[Soomaaliya]]. Garoonkan waxaa loogu magacdaray [[Madaxweyneyaashii Soomaaliya|madaxweynihii koowaad ee Soomaaliya]], [[Aadan Cabdulle Cusmaan]].

==Hordhac==
Garoonka diyaaradaha ee Aadan Cabdulle Cusmaan waxaa loogu magac daray Madaxweynihii ugu horeeyey ee [[Soomaaliya]] markii la qaatay xoriyadda 1960 kii.

Waa garoon caalami ah waxa uuna ku yaalaa Magaalada [[Muqdisho]] koofurteeda waxaana astaan u ah {{Astaanta garoonka|MGQ|HCMM}}

Garoonka waxa uu kasoo kabanayaa dagaallo kadhici jiray dalka tan iyo markii la riday dowladdii [[Maxamed Siyaad Barre]], waloow ayna jirin adeeg buuxa oo heer sare ah hadana waa uu shaqeeyaa Garoonko.

== Duulimaadyada iyo shirkadaha ka howl gala ==
=== Shirakadaha soomaalida ===
* [[Daalo]] (Jabuuti, Hargaysa).
* [[Jubba Airways]] (Jabuuti, Barbara, Dubai, Jidda).

=== Shirakadaha shisheeye ===
{{Airport-dest-list
| [[African Express Airways]] |[[Cadan]], [[Berbera]], [[Dubai]], [[Gaalkacyo]], [[Nayroobi]], [[Shaariqa]], [[Wajeer]]
| [[Turkish Airlines]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Forbes&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://radiomuqdisho.net/daawo-sawirrada-munaasabad-xarigga-looga-jarayey-diyaaradda-turkish-air-ways-oo-muqdisho-ka-dhacday/|title=Mudo 20 sani kadib duulimaadyo caalami ah oo ay sameeysay diyaaradda turkiga: Waxaana goob jooga ahaa furitaanka madaxweyne shariif, Raisul wasaare kuxigenka turkiga|last=Xigasho|first=Radio Muqdisho|work=Jayte|date=|accessdate=3 June 2012|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=11 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311010851/http://radiomuqdisho.net/daawo-sawirrada-munaasabad-xarigga-looga-jarayey-diyaaradda-turkish-air-ways-oo-muqdisho-ka-dhacday/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; |[[Djibouti]], [[Istanbuul]]
}}

== Labaatan sano kadib ==
Mudo 20 sani kadib duulimaadyo caalami ah oo ay sameeyaan diyaarado laga leeyahay dal ka mid ah dalalka reer Yurub ayaa waxaa ay si rasmi ah uga bilaabmeen magaalada Muqdisho ayadoo munaasabad Xarigga looga jarayey duulimaadyada Turkish Airways ayna ka qeybgaleen Madaxweynahii hore Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya Mudane Sheekh Shariif Sheekh Axmed iyo Ra’isulwasaare kuxigeenka Turkiga lagu qabtay magaalada Muqdisho&lt;ref name=&quot;Forbes&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://radiomuqdisho.net/daawo-sawirrada-munaasabad-xarigga-looga-jarayey-diyaaradda-turkish-air-ways-oo-muqdisho-ka-dhacday/|title=Mudo 20 sani kadib duulimaadyo caalami ah oo ay sameeysay diyaaradda turkiga: Waxaana goob jooga ahaa furitaanka madaxweyne shariif, Raisul wasaare kuxigenka turkiga|last=Xigasho|first=Radio Muqdisho|work=Jayte|date=|accessdate=3 June 2012|archive-date=11 Bisha Saddexaad 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311010851/http://radiomuqdisho.net/daawo-sawirrada-munaasabad-xarigga-looga-jarayey-diyaaradda-turkish-air-ways-oo-muqdisho-ka-dhacday/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;.


== Adeegga Garoonka ==
Malahan wali iftiin ku filan waloow la dayactiray, hadana diyaaraduhu waxay yimaadaan oo kaliya maalintii.

Shaqaalaha: waxaa ka shaqaysa in kabadan 1000 qof oo isugu jira shaqaalaha Dawladda iyo kuwa shirkadaha, waxaa kaloo dheeraad ku ah howl wadeenno ka socda AMISOM.
[[File:Airport infrastructure.png|thumb|700px|Shaxda qaabka guud ee Gego diyaaradeed u dhisan tahay]]
== Baasajeeriga ==

{|class=&quot;toccolours sortable&quot; style=&quot;padding:0.5em;&quot;
|+ '''Tirada pasajeriga ee Garoonka aadan cadde
|-
! | &lt;center&gt;Sanad&lt;/center&gt;
! | &lt;center&gt;Basajeeri&lt;br /&gt;Macaamiil&lt;/center&gt;
! | &lt;center&gt;Basajeeri&lt;br /&gt;% Badel&lt;/center&gt;
! | &lt;center&gt;Xamuul&lt;br /&gt;(Tan)&lt;/center&gt;
! | &lt;center&gt;Xamuul&lt;br /&gt;% Badel&lt;/center&gt;
! | &lt;center&gt;Diyaarad&lt;br /&gt;Dhaqdhaqaaq&lt;/center&gt;
! | &lt;center&gt;Diyaarad&lt;br /&gt;% Badel&lt;/center&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:#eee;&quot;
|1989||5,779||{{sort|3|{{nochange}}}}||3,131||{{sort|3|{{nochange}}}}||130||{{nochange}}
|- style=&quot;background:#eee;&quot;
|2005||200||{{decrease}}{{sort|02|5.7}}||23||{{decrease}}{{sort|09|1.9}}||2||{{decrease}} 1.3
|- style=&quot;background:#eee;&quot;
|2006||200||{{decrease}}{{sort|04|7.9}}||147||{{decrease}}{{sort|05|11.8}}||2||{{decrease}} 6.1
|- style=&quot;background:#eee;&quot;
|2009||300||{{increase}}{{sort|08|5.4}}||170||{{increase}}{{sort|10|6.9}}||3||{{increase}} 4.6
|- style=&quot;background:#eee;&quot;
|2010||400||{{increase}}{{sort|05|7.7}}||300||{{increase}}{{sort|17|1.3}}||3||{{increase}} 5.6
|- style=&quot;background:#eee;&quot;
|2011||500||{{increase}}{{sort|22|1.5}}||500||{{increase}}{{sort|11|6.6}}||5||{{increase}} 0.6
|- style=&quot;background:#eee;&quot;
|2012||2000||{{increase}}{{sort|23|1.5}}||700||{{increase}}{{sort|24|8.5}}||5||{{increase}} 2.6
|- style=&quot;background:#eee;&quot;
|2013||3000||{{increase}}{{sort|20|0.2}}||1000||{{increase}}{{sort|02|15.3}}||5||{{increase}} 2.5
|}


== Dhacdooyin ==

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable toccolours&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse:collapse; font-size: 85%&quot;
|- 
!style=&quot;background-color: #4B92DB; color: white&quot;|Taariiqda
!style=&quot;background-color: #4B92DB; color: white&quot;|Meesha
!style=&quot;background-color: #4B92DB; color: white&quot;|Diyaaradda
!style=&quot;background-color: #4B92DB; color: white&quot;|Tiro tirsiimaheeda
!style=&quot;background-color: #4B92DB; color: white&quot;|Dhibka gaaray Diyaaradda
!style=&quot;background-color: #4B92DB; color: white&quot;|Dhimasho
!style=&quot;background-color: #4B92DB; color: white&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|Faallo kooban
!style=&quot;background-color: #4B92DB; color: white&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|Xigasho
|-
|align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1970|5|6}}
|{{nowrap|{{flagicon|SOM}}[[Mogadishu]]}}
|align=center|[[Vickers Viscount|Viscount 700]]
|align=center|6O-AAJ
|align=center|W/O
|align=center|{{nts|5}}/30
|Dab ayaa qabsaday.
|-
|align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1977|10|13}}
|{{flagicon|SOM}}[[Mogadishu]]
|align=center|{{nowrap|[[Boeing 737|Boeing 737-230 Adv]]}}
|align=center|D-ABCE
|align=center|W/O
|align=center|{{nts|0}}/86
|[[Lufthansa Duulimaadkii 181]], diyaarad la afduubay 1977.
|}
==Sidoo kale fiiri==
*[[Gegada Diyaaradaha Borama]]
*[[Gegada Diyaaradaha Muqdisho]]
*[[Baligubadle]]

== Xigasho ==
{{reflist}}
{{Garoonada somalia}}

[[Category:Garoonada Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Muqdisho]]</text>
      <sha1>0kpd2rk6he8ztyn11d4fwi1g5zqqt4v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kuliyada Waxbarashada</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13407</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311927</id>
      <parentid>258863</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T00:24:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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{{Template:Jaamacada_Camuud}}
'''Kuliyada Waxbarashada''' ([[ingiriis]]: Faculty of Education) ee [[Jaamacadda Camuud]] waa waaxda [[waxbarasho|waxabarashada]], tababirada macalimiinta iyo macluumaadka la xidhiidha wasaaradaha waxbarasho ee jaamacada taasi oo ku dhex taala dhismaha weyn ee jaamacadu ku leedahay koonfurta deegaanka [[Camuud]] 5 km waqooyi bari ee magaalada [[Borama]].&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[[waxbarasho|waxabarashada]], tababirada macalimiinta iyo macluumaadka&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Kuliyadani waxay ka mid tahay labada waaxood ee lagu bilaabay Jaamacada Camuud, tan kale waa [[Kuliyada Maamulka &amp; Ganacsiga]], markii la bilaabay [[Sanad|sanadkii 1998dii]].&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[[Kuliyada Maamulka &amp; Ganacsiga]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[[Sanad|sanadkii 1998dii]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kuliyada Waxbarasho ee Jaamacada&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |title=The Faculty Of Education Of Amoud University
 |url=http://www.amouduniversity.org/index.php/about/history-and-background
 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive
 |access-date=2014-01-19
 |archive-date=2016-03-04
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304213008/http://amouduniversity.org/index.php/about/history-and-background
 |dead-url=yes
 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhinaca kale, [[sanad|sanadkii 2003da]] Jaamacada Camuud oo kaashanaysa hay'adaha EC, DANIDA, iyo CfBT ayaa waxaa la bilaabay tababar macalimiinta oo ah [[labo|labo sano]] diploma, kuwaas oo laga soo xulayo deegaanada [[Somaliland]] iyo [[Puntland]]. 
Dibloomkan labada sano ah ooy maalgeliyaan hay'adaha EC, DANIDA, iyo CfBT ayaa waxa jaamacadu ku tababartaa ardey 300 kor u dhaafaysa kuwaas oo jaamacadu dejiso aqalo ay u kireeysay isla markaana maamusho [[nolol|noloshooda]] iyo waxbarashadooda.&lt;ref name=&quot;Diploomka 2da Sano ee Jaamacada&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |title=The Two Year Diploma Of Amoud University
 |url=http://www.amouduniversity.org/index.php/departments-and-units-administrations
 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kuliyada Waxbarasho ee Jaamacada&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |title=The Faculty Of Education Of Amoud University
 |url=http://www.amouduniversity.org/index.php/about/history-and-background
 |access-date=2014-01-19
 |archive-date=2016-03-04
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304213008/http://amouduniversity.org/index.php/about/history-and-background
 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

= Qoraalo La Mid ah =

:* [[Kuliyada Waxbarashada] [macalin xamse cabdilahi caliguul ]
:* [[Kuliyada Maamulka &amp; Ganacsiga]]
:* [[Kuliyada Sharciga &amp; Qaanuunka]]
:* [[Kuliyada Beeraha &amp; Deegaanka]]
:* [[Kuliyada Caafimaadka]]
:* [[Kuliyada Kalkaalisada]]
:* [[Kuliyada ITga &amp; Koombuyuterka]]
:* [[Kuliyada Injineerinka]]
:* [[Kuliyada Dhakhtarka Ilkaha]]

= Xigasho =
{{Reflist}}


{{Gumud}}

[[Category:Jaamacada Camuud]]
[[Category:Waxbarasho]]
[[Category:Caafimaad]]
[[Category:Saynis]]
[[Category:Ilbaxnimo]]
[[Category:Noole]]
[[Category:Nolol]]</text>
      <sha1>oyprid08b8wojfppv65gcs6y88800ps</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kuliyada Maamulka &amp; Ganacsiga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13411</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311926</id>
      <parentid>214767</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T00:24:14Z</timestamp>
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        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311926</origin>
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      <text bytes="2282" sha1="i5yonk1ntqkkez0d5a5q2z0rclbxhta" xml:space="preserve">'''Kuliyada Maamulka &amp; Ganacsiga'''

{{Template:Jaamacada_Camuud}}

'''Kuliyada Maamulka &amp; Ganacsiga''' (Faculty of Business and Administration) ee [[Jaamacadda Camuud]] waa waaxda barashada [[ganacsi]]ga, [[xisaab]]inta iyo maamulka ee jaamacada taasi oo ku dhex taala dhismaha weyn ee jaamacadu ku leedahay koonfurta deegaanka [[Camuud]] [[km|5 km]] waqooyi bari ee magaalada [[Borama]].&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[[ganacsi]]ga, [[xisaab]]inta iyo maamulka ee jaamacada&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Kuliyadani waxay ka mid tahay labada waaxood ee lagu bilaabay Jaamacada Camuud, tan kale waa [[Kuliyada Waxbarashada]], markii la bilaabay [[Sanad|sanadkii 1998dii]].&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[[Kuliyada Waxbarashada]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[[Sanad|sanadkii 1998dii]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kuliyada Waxbarasho ee Jaamacada&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |title=The Faculty Of Education Of Amoud University
 |url=http://www.amouduniversity.org/index.php/about/history-and-background
 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive
 |access-date=2014-01-19
 |archive-date=2016-03-04
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304213008/http://amouduniversity.org/index.php/about/history-and-background
 |dead-url=yes
 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Diploomka 2da Sano ee Jaamacada&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |title=The Two Year Diploma Of Amoud University
 |url=http://www.amouduniversity.org/index.php/departments-and-units-administrations
 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kuliyada Waxbarasho ee Jaamacada&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |title=The Faculty Of Education Of Amoud University
 |url=http://www.amouduniversity.org/index.php/about/history-and-background
 |access-date=2014-01-19
 |archive-date=2016-03-04
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304213008/http://amouduniversity.org/index.php/about/history-and-background
 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 

= Qoraalo La Mid ah =

:* [[Kuliyada Waxbarashada]]
:* [[Kuliyada Maamulka &amp; Ganacsiga]]
:* [[Kuliyada Sharciga &amp; Qaanuunka]]
:* [[Kuliyada Beeraha &amp; Deegaanka]]
:* [[Kuliyada Caafimaadka]]
:* [[Kuliyada Kalkaalisada]]
:* [[Kuliyada ITga &amp; Koombuyuterka]]
:* [[Kuliyada Injineerinka]]
:* [[Kuliyada Dhakhtarka Ilkaha]]

= Xigasho =
{{Reflist}}


{{Gumud}}

[[Category:Jaamacada Camuud]]
[[Category:Waxbarasho]]
[[Category:Caafimaad]]
[[Category:Saynis]]
[[Category:Ilbaxnimo]]
[[Category:Noole]]
[[Category:Nolol]]</text>
      <sha1>i5yonk1ntqkkez0d5a5q2z0rclbxhta</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>250 (tiro)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13675</id>
    <revision>
      <id>312057</id>
      <parentid>166652</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T09:10:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-59160-06</username>
        <id>48203</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */ ← 249	250	251 →   ← 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 → Liiska Lambarada — Abyoone ← 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 →  Tiro qiime	laba boqol konton Ordinal	250aad (laba boqol iyo kontonaad) Isirayn	2 × 53 Tiro roman	CCL Labaale	111110102 Saddexaale	1000213 Afaraale	33224 Shanaale	20005 Senary	10546 Octal	3728 Laba iyo tobanaale	18A12 Tobanaale	FA16 Vigesimal	CA20 Sal 36	6Y36</comment>
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      <text bytes="829" sha1="byk1k7gbxbhmxhy718qxakhooljy5lm" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox number/box
|number=250
  | {{{number&lt;noinclude&gt;|{{#time:j}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}
  | {{title without disambig|{{Lambarada Tirada}}}}
}}

'''390''' waa [[lambar]]ka [[labo boqol]] iyo [[konton]]aad ee [[tiro|tirada]] [[xisaab]]ta. 
Lambarkan waa mid [[dhaban]] ah, waxaana ka horeeya lambar [[249]] lambarka ku xigana waa [[251]].
= Liiska Tirada =
{{Template:Lambarada}}

= Qoraalo La Mid ah =
* [[Aasaaska Tiro]]
* [[Aasaaska Xisaabta]]
* [[Lambar]]
* [[Tiro]]
* [[Iskugeyn]]
* [[Kalagoyn]]
* [[Iskudhufasho]]
* [[Iskuqaybin]]
* [[Jajab]]
* [[Dhaban]]
* [[Kinsi]]
* [[Xisaab]]
* [[Aasaaska Tiro|10ka Lambar ee u horeeya]]
= Xigasho =
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Lambar]]
[[Category:Tiro]]
[[Category:Aqoon]]
[[Category:Tiro]]
[[Category:Aasaaska Tirada]]
[[Category:Saynis]]
[[Category:Ilbaxnimo]]
[[Category:Aasaaska xisaabta]]</text>
      <sha1>byk1k7gbxbhmxhy718qxakhooljy5lm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>312058</id>
      <parentid>312057</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T09:11:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pristome</username>
        <id>44478</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Undid edits by [[Special:Contribs/~2026-59160-06|~2026-59160-06]] ([[User talk:~2026-59160-06|talk]]) to last version by Vargenau: reverting vandalism</comment>
      <origin>312058</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="829" sha1="l2l4tkxxf2cisoz2v0hhnhfhckqumbg" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox number/box
|number=250
  | {{{number&lt;noinclude&gt;|{{#time:j}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}
  | {{title without disambig|{{Lambarada Tirada}}}}
}}

'''250''' waa [[lambar]]ka [[labo boqol]] iyo [[konton]]aad ee [[tiro|tirada]] [[xisaab]]ta. 
Lambarkan waa mid [[dhaban]] ah, waxaana ka horeeya lambar [[249]] lambarka ku xigana waa [[251]].
= Liiska Tirada =
{{Template:Lambarada}}

= Qoraalo La Mid ah =
* [[Aasaaska Tiro]]
* [[Aasaaska Xisaabta]]
* [[Lambar]]
* [[Tiro]]
* [[Iskugeyn]]
* [[Kalagoyn]]
* [[Iskudhufasho]]
* [[Iskuqaybin]]
* [[Jajab]]
* [[Dhaban]]
* [[Kinsi]]
* [[Xisaab]]
* [[Aasaaska Tiro|10ka Lambar ee u horeeya]]
= Xigasho =
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Lambar]]
[[Category:Tiro]]
[[Category:Aqoon]]
[[Category:Tiro]]
[[Category:Aasaaska Tirada]]
[[Category:Saynis]]
[[Category:Ilbaxnimo]]
[[Category:Aasaaska xisaabta]]</text>
      <sha1>l2l4tkxxf2cisoz2v0hhnhfhckqumbg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jacayl</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13693</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311904</id>
      <parentid>271459</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T23:48:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311904</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14044" sha1="hgrw5w0veufdebsfuovnmsiyx1voub2" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Heart_icon_red_hollow.svg|thumb|Astaanta caalamiga ah ee jecaylka.]]
 [[File:Love-zh.svg|thumb|&quot;Ài&quot; waa erey [[Shiinaha|Shiine]] ah oo macnihiisu yahay jecayl.]]
'''Jacayl''', '''Cishqi''' ama '''[[Jecayl]]''' waa qiiro [[qof]] u qaado ama hayo shey kale. Sidoo kale, [[Jecayl]]ku waa qadarin, sharfid, xushmayn iyo ixtiraam qoto dheer oo qof u hayo noole, shey, qof ama arin kale. Tusaale ahaan, jacaylka [[hooyo]] iyo [[aabo]]; jacaylka [[Alle]]; kan qof kale ([[lab]] ama [[dhidig]]); jaceylka shey ama walax sida [[baabuur]], [[buug]], [[filim]], [[hees]] iwm.
Guud ahaan, Jacaylku waa dareen [[qof]] u hayo wax kale noocuu doonaba ha ahaadee. Intaas waxaa dheer, jecaylku wuu noocyo iyo qaabab badan yahay, waxaana jira ugu yaraan [[toban]] nooc oo jacayl ah. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:
:* [[Diin|Jacaylka diinta]]
:* [[Waalid|Jacaylka waalidka]]
:* [[Walaal|Jacaylka walaalaha]]
:* [[Ubad|Jacaylka ubadka]] (caruurta ama ciyaalka)
:* [[qof|Jacaylka qof]] sida [[gabadh]] ama [[wiil]]
:* [[Jecayl|Jacaylka shey]] sida [[cunto]], [[baabuur]], [[buug]], [[filim]], [[hees]] iwm. 
:* [[Noole|Jacaylka noole]] kale [[xoolo]] ama [[xayawaan]]

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, [[Jecayl]]ku waa dareen macaan naxariis, ixtiraam, ka fikir iyo la doonista wax fiican. Qofka jecaylku hayo wuxuu markasta rabaa in wax wanaagsan gaadhsiiyo qofka iyo waxa uu jecel yahay. Inta u badan, [[dad]]ku waxay jecaylka ku sheegaan rabitaanka qof doonayo qof kale ayagoo isticmaalayaa [https://www.erayojaceyl.com/ erayo jaceyl] {{Wayback|url=https://www.erayojaceyl.com/ |date=20210615013258 }} gaar ahaan [https://web.archive.org/web/20210918041511/https://www.cishqi.com/ erayo naxariis badan], sida wiil raba ama jecel gabadh iwm. 

Jacaylku waa mid dunida ka soo jiray tani iyo [[wakhti]]yadii ugu horeeysay dadka. Guud ahaan, jecaylka aadamaha waxaa loo kala saaraa [[afar|afar qeybood]]: 

:1. &lt;span style=&quot;color:Green&quot;&gt;'''Jecaylka dabiiciga'''&lt;/span&gt;: jacaylka dabiiciga ah waa kan qofku u hayo [[waalid]]kiis ama waalidku u hayo [[ilmo|ilmahiisa]]. Intaas waxaa dheer, jecaylkan waa kan qofku u qaado cibaadada [[Alle]], [[diin]]ta [[nebi]]ga ama nebiyada iyo wixii la hal maala. Jecaylka noocan ahi waa mid dabiici ah oo qofka ku abuurma wakhtiga dhalashada ilaa inta uu ka dhimanaayo, inkastoo jacaylka waalidku bilaabmo wakhtiga ugu horeeya nolosha qofka. 
 
:2. &lt;span style=&quot;color:Blue&quot;&gt;Saaxiibtinimo&lt;/span&gt;: jacayl caadi ah oo qofku u qaado asxaabtiisa, walaalihiis, xaaska ama seyga, sheey, marxalad iwm. Jecaylka noocan ahi waa mid degan oo ku salaysan ixtiraam, qadarin, sharaf iyo wanaag la doon. Sida caadiga ah qofku wuxuu bilaabaa jecaylkan wakhtiga uu [[qaangaadh]]ka gaadho ama ku dhow yahay ee garaadkiisu inta u badan dhamaystiran yahay. 

:3. &lt;span style=&quot;color:Orange&quot;&gt;Naf-u-saaris&lt;/span&gt;: waa jacayl qeyral caadi ah taasi oo qofka wax jeceli diyaar u yahay in uu [[naf]]tiisa/nafteeda u hibeeyso qof kale. Jecaylka noocan ahi inta u badan wuxuu dhex maraa labo qof oo kala jinsi (sex) duwan, sida [[wiil]] iyo [[gabadh]]. Sidoo kale, jacaylka naf-u-saarista ahi waa mid bedela shakhsiyada, dhaqanka iyo nolosha qofka uu hayo; waxaana mararka qaar lagu sheegaa [[waalni]]. 

:4. &lt;span style=&quot;color:Red&quot;&gt;'''Jecaylka Galmo'''&lt;/span&gt;: jecaylka galmo (eros ama sex love) waa rabitaanka iyo hamiga galmo ama wasmo [[qof]] ka doonayo qof kale. Jecaylkani wuxuu ku salaysan yahay ficilka iyo samaynta galmo taas oo laga yaabo in labada qofba sidaasi rabaan ama mid ka mid ahi jecel yahay falkaasi. Inta u badan jecaylka galmo ma ahan mid qoto dheer, sababtoo ah labada qof iskuma hayaan dareen ka badan samaynta iyo falgalida galmada.

= Jecayl =

[[File:Columpio_Veracruz_059.jpg|thumb|[[Sanab]] jira in ka badan [[sanad|3,000 oo sano]] kaasi oo muujinaya jeceylka lab iyo dhedig.]]

Sidaan horay u soo sheegnay erayga [https://www.cishqi.com/ jaceyl] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cishqi.com/ |date=20210709183313 }} wuxuu leeyahay macno badan. Jecaylku waa dareen, Waa 

naxariis, hami, doonid, ka firir, xaalad iyo rabitaan [[qof]] u qaado ama hayo shey, qof, walax ama wax kale. Intaas waxaa dheer, jacaylku waa ka helitaan (liking) badan ama saa'I'd ah oo qof u gaar ah taasi oo u hogaamisa wanaaga, naxariista iyo welwelka qofka uu jecel yahay. 
Jecaylka waxaa lid ku ah ama ka soo horjeeda [[nacayb]] (hate) oo iyadna ah dareen lid ku ah kan jecaylka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Ancient Love Poetry |url=http://www.trueopenlove.org/reference/AncientLovePoetry.html |access-date=2021-08-09 |archive-date=2007-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930072056/http://www.trueopenlove.org/reference/AncientLovePoetry.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

= Taarikhda Jecaylka =
[[File:Sri_Lankan_woman_and_child.jpg|thumb|Jeceylka [[waalid]]ka waa kan ugu horeeya ee qofku la kulmo horaanta nolosha.]]

Ereyga Jacayl, sidii la doono ha loo isticmaalee, waa mid [[dad]]ku aqoon u lahaayeen isla markaana adeegsan jireen tan iyo horaantii aadamaha. Dunida aan maanta ku nool nahay waxay ka kooban tahay wadano, bulshooyin, qabiilo, dowlado iyo dadyoow aad u badan; mid kastana wuxuu leeyahay erey ama kalmad uu u adeegsado jecaylka.
Maadaama luuqaduhu kala duwan yihiin, bulshooyin badani waxay isticmaalaan in ka badan &quot;hal eray&quot; markeey sheegayaan jecaylka. 
Tusaale ahaan, wadanka Giriiga qabiilka loo yaqaan Agape waxay adeegsadaan ereyga ἀγάπη taasi oo macnaheedu tahay &quot;jecaylka diini&quot;, halka eregya s'agapo (Σ'αγαπώ) ay u isticmaalaan &quot;waan ku jecelahay&quot;. Tusaale labaad waa meelo ka mid ah dalka [[Shiinaha]] waxaa laga isticmaalaa kelmadaha wǒ ài nǐ (我愛你) oo macnaheedu tahay &quot;jecayl&quot; ama &quot;[https://www.cishqi.com/ waan ku jecelahay] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cishqi.com/ |date=20210709183313 }}&quot; labadaba waa loo adeegsadaa taasi oo u dhiganta qaabka wadanada [[yurub|reer galbeedku]] u qeexaan jecaylka. Laakiin sida caadiga ah dalka Shiinaha waxaa la isticmaalaa wǒ xǐhuān nǐ (我喜欢你) oo macnaheedu noqonayo &quot;waan kaa helay&quot; tan ayaa ah dhaqanka dadkaasi marka qof soo bandhigayo dareenkiisa iyo jecaylkiisa.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20070930072056/http://www.trueopenlove.org/reference/AncientLovePoetry.html Ancient Love Poetry]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Ilbaxnimo]]oyinkii ugu horeeyay dunida, sida [[Baabiyloon]], [[Assiyriya]], [[Akkadiyaan]]ka iyo guud ahaan deegaanada u dhexeeya labada [[webi]] ee kala ah [[Tigris]] iyo [[Furaat]] ee loo yaqaano [[Mesobotaamiya]] kuwaasi oo jirey [[wakhti]] hada laga joogo [[sanad|3,000 sano]] ka hor, ayaa waxaa la sheegay in jecaylku caan ka ahaa bulshooyinkaas dhexdooda. Waxaa faahfaahin fiican laga helay [[gabay]]o iyo [[suugaan]] kale oo laga helay ilbaxnimooyinkaasi kuwaasi oo qeexaya qof jacayl daran u qaba qof kale.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;newadvent.org&quot;&gt;[http://www.newadvent.org/summa/2026.htm#article4 St. Thomas Aquinas, STh I-II, 26, 4, corp. art]&lt;/ref&gt;

= Qeybaha Jecaylka =

Guud ahaan, Jacaylka aadamahu waa dareen [[qof]] u hayo qof ama dad kale noocuu doonaba ha ahaadee. Intaas waxaa dheer, jecaylku wuu noocyo iyo qaabab badan yahay, waxaana jira ugu yaraan [[toban]] nooc oo jacayl ah. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah: jacaylka [[diin]]ta, jacaylka [[waalid]]ka, jacaylka [[walaal]]aha, jacaylka [[ubad]]ka ([[caruur]]ta ama [[ciyaal]]ka); jacaylka qof sida [[gabadh]] ama [[wiil]] isku hayaan ama mid ka mid ahi u qaado kan kale; jacaylka shey sida [[cunto]], [[baabuur]], [[buug]], [[filim]], [[hees]] iwm; jacaylka [[noole]] kale sida xayawaanka [[gurijoog]]a ah ama loo yaqaano &quot;bets&quot;ka ey ka mid yihiin [[bisad]]a, [[xoolo]] la dhaqdo iyo kuwo kale oo ka tirsan [[xayawaan]]ka.&lt;ref&gt;Kay Paul, What is the Sapir–Whorf Hypothesis?, American Anthropologist, New Series, 86, 1 March 1984, 65–79&lt;/ref&gt; 

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, [[Jecayl]]ku waa [https://www.cishqi.com/ dareen] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cishqi.com/ |date=20210709183313 }} naxariis, ixtiraam, ka fikir iyo la doonista wax fiican. Qofka jecaylku hayo wuxuu markasta rabaa in wax wanaagsan gaadhsiiyo qofka iyo waxa uu jecel yahay. Inta u badan, [[dad]]ku waxay jecaylka ku sheegaan rabitaanka qof doonayo qof kale, sida wiil raba ama jecel gabadh iwm. 

Jacaylku waa mid dunida ka soo jiray tani iyo [[wakhti]]yadii ugu horeeysay dadka. Guud ahaan, jecaylka aadamaha waxaa loo kala saaraa [[afar|afar qeybood]]: &lt;span style=&quot;color:Green&quot;&gt;'''Jecaylka dabiiciga'''&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&quot;color:Blue&quot;&gt;Saaxiibtinimo&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&quot;color:Orange&quot;&gt;Naf-u-saaris&lt;/span&gt;, iyo &lt;span style=&quot;color:Red&quot;&gt;'''Jecaylka Galmo'''&lt;/span&gt;

== Jecaylka Dabiiciga ==

Jacaylka dabiiciga ah waa kan qofku u hayo [[waalid]]kiis ama waalidku u hayo [[ilmo|ilmahiisa]]. Intaas waxaa dheer, jecaylkan waa kan qofku u qaado cibaadada [[Alle]], [[diin]]ta [[nebi]]ga ama nebiyada iyo wixii la hal maala. Jecaylka noocan ahi waa mid dabiici ah oo qofka ku abuurma wakhtiga dhalashada ilaa inta uu ka dhimanaayo, inkastoo jacaylka waalidku bilaabmo wakhtiga ugu horeeya nolosha qofka. 
 
== Saaxiibtinimo ==

Jacayl caadi ah oo qofku u qaado asxaabtiisa, walaalihiis, xaaska ama seyga, sheey, marxalad iwm. Jaceylka noocan ahi waa mid degan oo ku salaysan ixtiraam, qadarin, sharaf iyo wanaag la doon. Sida caadiga ah qofku wuxuu bilaabaa jecaylkan wakhtiga uu [[qaangaadh]]ka gaadho ama ku dhow yahay ee garaadkiisu inta u badan dhamaystiran yahay. 

== Naf U Saaris ==

Jecaylka naf-u-saarista ah waa mid qeyral caadi ah taasi oo qofka wax jeceli diyaar u yahay in uu [[naf]]tiisa/nafteeda u hibeeyso qof kale. Jecaylka noocan ahi inta u badan wuxuu dhex maraa labo qof oo kala jinsi (sex) duwan, sida [[wiil]] iyo [[gabadh]]. Sidoo kale, jacaylka naf-u-saarista ahi waa mid bedela shakhsiyada, dhaqanka iyo nolosha qofka uu hayo; waxaana mararka qaar lagu sheegaa [[waalni]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.worldtransformation.com/what-is-love/ ''What is love?''. In ''The Book of Real Answers to Everything!'' Griffith, J. 2011. ISBN 978-1-74129-007-3]&lt;/ref&gt;Dhaqanka Dunida

== Jecaylka Galmo ==

Jecaylka galmo (eros ama sex love) waa rabitaanka iyo hamiga galmo ama wasmo [[qof]] ka doonayo qof kale. Jecaylkani wuxuu ku salaysan yahay ficilka iyo samaynta galmo taas oo laga yaabo in labada qofba sidaasi rabaan ama mid ka mid ahi jecel yahay falkaasi. Inta u badan jecaylka galmo ma ahan mid qoto dheer, sababtoo ah labada qof iskuma hayaan dareen ka badan samaynta iyo falgalida galmada.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Confessio_philosophi Gottfried Leibniz, Confessio philosophi, Wikisource edition, Mar 25, 2009]&lt;/ref&gt;

= Diimaha iyo Jecaylka =
Jacaylku wuxuu ka mid yahay sifooyinka Ilaahay oo ugu waaweyn. Diinta saxda ah waxay inagu guubaabisaa jacayl aan xaasidnimo lahayn.  Waxay bartaa in la ixtiraamo qabiillada oo dhan, waxayna soo dhoweysaa dadka jinsi kasta, dhaqan kasta, qowmiyad kasta iyo luqad kasta.  Jacayl awgiis, xubnaha diinta saxda ah dagaallo kama qaybqaataan. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.jw.org/so/tacliinta-kitaabka/suʼaalo/diintee-baa-sax-ah/ Sidee Baan u Heli Karaa Diinta Saxda Ah?]&lt;/ref&gt;  “Idinku aad isu jeclaada, maxaa yeelay, jacaylku wuxuu qariyaa dembiyo faro badan.”. Nebi Muuse wuxuu yiri: “Waa inaad Rabbiga Ilaahaaga ah ka jeclaataa qalbigaaga oo dhan iyo naftaada oo dhan iyo xooggaaga oo dhan.” &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.jw.org/so/wargeysyada/maxaa-cusub/reer-faraxsan/sida-loo-xalliyo-dhibaatooyinka/ Sida Loo Xalliyo Dhibaatooyinka]&lt;/ref&gt; Dadka iimaanka runta ah haysta waxay tusaan jacaylkaas oo kale inay Ilaah u qabaan. Waxayna maamuusaan magaca Ilaahay Yehowah.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.jw.org/so/wargeysyada/maxaa-cusub/iimaan-run-ah/ku-soco-iimaan-run-ah-maanta/ Tus jacayl daacad ah]&lt;/ref&gt;

= Qoraalo La Mid Ah =

= Jacaylku wuxuu ka mid yahay sifooyinka Ilaahay oo ugu waaweyn =
Ilaahay afartiisa sifooyin oo ugu weyn waa jacayl, caddaalad, awood iyo xigmad. Diinta saxda ah waxay inagu guubaabisaa jacayl aan xaasidnimo lahayn. Waxay bartaa in la ixtiraamo qabiillada oo dhan, waxayna soo dhoweysaa dadka jinsi kasta, dhaqan kasta, qowmiyad kasta iyo luqad kasta. Jacayl awgiis, xubnaha diinta saxda ah dagaallo kama qaybqaataan. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.jw.org/so/wargeysyada/majallado/munaaradda-waardiyaha-Lam3-2020-sebtembar-oktoobar/ Barakooyin Weligood Ah oo Ka Yimid Ilaah Jacayl Badan]&lt;/ref&gt;

= “Jacaylku weligii ma idlaado” = 
[[File:Warsaw 2019 JW Convention.jpg|thumb|300px|„Jacaylku weligii ma idlaado” (Af-Boolish)]]
“Jacaylku Waa Hadiyadda U Weyn. Haddaan ku hadlo afafka dadka iyo malaa'igaha, laakiinse aanan jacayl lahayn, waxaan noqday naxaas dhawaaqaysa ama saxan bir ah oo sanqadhaya oo kale. Oo haddaan leeyahay hadiyadda wax sii sheegidda, oo aan garanayo waxyaalaha qarsoon oo dhan iyo aqoonta oo dhan, iyo haddaan leeyahay rumaysadka oo dhan oo aan buuraha ku dhaqaajiyo, laakiinse aanan jacayl lahayn, waxba ma ihi. Oo wax kastaan leeyahay haddaan bixiyo oo masaakiinta ku quudiyo, iyo haddaan jidhkayga bixiyo in la gubo, laakiinse aanan jacayl lahayn, waxba ii tari maayo. Jacaylku waa samir badan yahay, waana raxiim, jacaylku ninna ma xasdo, jacaylku ma faano, mana kibro, wax aan u ekayn ma falo, nafsaddiisana wax uma doondoono, mana xanaaqo, sharna kuma fikiro, xaqdarrada kuma farxo, laakiin wuxuu ku farxaa runta. Wax walba wuu u dulqaataa, wax walba wuu rumaystaa, wax walba wuu rajeeyaa, wax walba wuu u adkaystaa. Jacaylku weligii ma idlaado.”

“Waa kan [https://www.cishqi.com/somali-blog/arimaha-jaceylka/ jaceylka] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cishqi.com/somali-blog/arimaha-jaceylka/ |date=20211218035505 }} Ilaah, kaasoo ah inaynu qaynuunnadiisa xajinno, oo qaynuunnadiisuna ma cusla.”

“Cadowyadiinna jeclaada.”

“Jacaylku waa samir badan yahay, waana raxiim.”

“Jacaylku ninna ma xasdo.”

“Jacaylka ‘nafsaddiisa wax uma doondoono.’”

“Jacaylku ‘shar kuma fikiro.’”

“Jacaylku xaqdarrada kuma farxo.”

“Sidaasay dadka oo dhammi idinku garan doonaan inaad xertaydii tihiin, haddaad jacayl isu qabtaan.”

* [https://www.jw.org/so/wargeysyada/majallado/munaaradda-waardiyaha-Lam3-2020-sebtembar-oktoobar/jeclow-dadka-kale/ Sidee Jacayl Ugu Muujin Karnaa Dadka Kale]

= Xigasho =
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Jacayl]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Hibo Nuura</title>
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      <text bytes="8693" sha1="o78fc7sjhiwbkpcukuk6g3d8ew486el" xml:space="preserve">{{Maqaal Xul Ah}}
::''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan fanaanada Hibo Nuura. Haku khaldin [[magac]]a [[Magaca Hibo|Hibo]].''
::''Sharaxaad badan iyo faahfaahin [[fanaan]]iinta, fadlan fiiri [[Fanaaniinta Soomaaliya]].''
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix   = Hibo Nuura
| name               =  &lt;br /&gt;Hibo Maxamed Hudoon&lt;/br&gt; هبه محد هدون
| honorific_suffix   = 
| image              = Hibo Nuura.jpg
| image_size         = 
| alt                = 
| caption            = Fanaanada Hibo sanadkii [[2014]]
| native_name        = 
| native_name_lang   = Soomaali
| birth_name         =  &lt;!-- only use if different from name above --&gt;
| birth_date         =  {{birth date and age|1958|05|21}} 
| birth_place        = [[Dilla]], [[Awdal]]
| baptised           =  &lt;!-- will not display if birth_date is entered --&gt;
| disappeared_date   =  &lt;!-- {{disappeared date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (disappeared date then birth date) --&gt;
| disappeared_place  = 
| disappeared_status = 
| death_date         =  &lt;!-- {{death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) --&gt;
| death_place        = 
| death_cause        = 
| body_discovered    = 
| resting_place      = 
| resting_place_coordinates =  &lt;!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --&gt;
| monuments          = 
| residence          = [[Minneapolis]], [[Minnesota|MN]], [[Maraykanka]]
| nationality        = 
| other_names        = 
| ethnicity          =  [[Soomaali]]
| citizenship        = 
| education          = 
| alma_mater         = 
| occupation         = [[Hees]]aa, [[Fanaan]]ad, laxamiiste, [[jilaa]]
| years_active       = [[1970]]kii-[[2014]]
| era                = 
| employer           = Kooxda Waaberi ([[1974]]-[[1998]])
| organization       = 
| agent              =  &lt;!-- Discouraged in most cases, specifically when promotional, and requiring a reliable source --&gt;
| known_for          = 
| notable_works      =  Heeso wadani, heeso jacayl, qasaa'id
| style              = 
| home_town          = [[Borama]], [[Awdal]]
| salary             = 
| net_worth          =  &lt;!-- Net worth should be supported with a citation from a reliable source --&gt;
| height             =  &lt;!-- &quot;X cm&quot;, &quot;X m&quot;  or &quot;X ft Y in&quot; plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) --&gt;
| weight             =  &lt;!-- &quot;X kg&quot;, &quot;X lb&quot; or &quot;X st Y lb&quot; plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) --&gt;
| television         = 
| title              = Hibo Nuura; Hooyada Fanka, Qalbi Nuura
| term               = 
| predecessor        = 
| successor          = 
| party              = 
| movement           = 
| opponents          = 
| boards             = 
| religion           =  [[Islaam|Sunni Islaam]]
| denomination       =  &lt;!-- Denomination should be supported with a citation from a reliable source --&gt;
| criminal_charge    =  &lt;!-- Criminality parameters should be supported with citations from reliable sources --&gt;
| criminal_penalty   = 
| criminal_status    = 
| spouse             =  &lt;!-- Use article title or common name --&gt;
| partner            =  &lt;!-- (unmarried long-term partner) --&gt;
| children           = 
| parents            = 
| relatives          = 
| callsign           = 
| awards             = 
| website            =  &lt;!-- {{URL|example.com}} --&gt;
| module             = 
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| module4            = 
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| signature          = 
| signature_alt      = 
| signature_size     = 
| footnotes          = 
}}
'''Hiba Maxamed Hodoon''' ({{lang-ar|هبه محد هدون}}) ku caan ah magaca '''Hibo Nuura''' waa [[fanaan]]ad weyn oo ku [[hees]]ta af-[[Soomaali]]ga taasi oo leh [[suugaan]] iyo [[hees]]o aad u badan.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[fanaan]]ad weyn oo ku [[hees]]ta af-[[Soomaali]]ga taasi oo leh [[suugaan]] iyo [[hees]]o&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
Heesaha ay qaado fanaanadani oo u badan wadani, goobaabin, talo-siin, dhiiri-gelin iyo wanaag darteed ayaa Hibo Maxamed Hodoon loo siiyay magaca weyn ee '''Hooyada Fanka Soomaaliyeed'''.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;'''Hooyada Fanka Soomaaliyeed'''&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
Intaasi waxaa dheer, Hibo waxaa ay leedahay naanays ay ku kasbatey kartideeda iyo hanaan-wanaageeda, waxaana lagu naanaysaa '''Hibo Nuura'''.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;'''Hibo Nuura'''&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Badhtamihii [[sanad|sanadkii]] [[2014]]ka, fanaanada Hibo Nuura waxay waxay ku dhawaaqdey ineey ka baxdey [[fan]]ka iyo suugaanta, maadaama ay da' ahaan gaadhey heerkii lagu cibaadeysan lahaa.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.dalkanews.net/?p=8357 &quot;Fanaanada Hibo Nuura oo fanka ka baxdey] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dalkanews.net/?p=8357 |date=20150916014909 }}&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Fanaanadu waxay hada ku nooshahay magaalada [[Minneapolis]], [[Minnesota]] ee wadanka [[Maraykanka]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LoSL7wC5OHY ''Taariikhda Fanaanada Hibo Maxamed Hudoon]''&lt;/ref&gt;

= Taariikhda Hibo =
Hibo Maxamed Hodoon waxay ku dhalatey magaalada [[Dilla]] ee gobolka [[Awdal]], [[Soomaaliya|Waqooyiga Soomaaliya]] ee maanta loo yaqaano [[Somaliland]].&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[Dilla]] ee gobolka [[Awdal]], [[Soomaaliya|Waqooyiga Soomaaliya]] ee maanta loo yaqaano [[Somaliland]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ayada oo yar ayaa waalidkeed u soo wareejiyay magaalada [[Boorama]] ee xarunta gobolka [[Awdal]]; halkaasi ooy ku qaadatey [[waxbarasho|waxbarashadii]] [[dugsi|dugsiga hoose iyo dhexe]]. Ka dib, waxay u soo wareegtay magaalada [[Hargeysa]] ooy ka biloowday fanka iyo suugaanta ilaa markii dambe ay u gudubtey xarunta wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] waa caasimada [[Muqdisho]].&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[Boorama]] ee xarunta gobolka [[Awdal]]; halkaasi ooy ku qaadatey [[waxbarasho|waxbarashadii]] [[dugsi|dugsiga hoose iyo dhexe]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;magaalada [[Hargeysa]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[Soomaaliya]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[Muqdisho]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

= Heesaha Fanaanada =
Fanaanada Hibo Nuura waxay leedahay tiro badan oo [[hees]]o ah, kuwaasi oo iskugu jira wadani, [[jacayl]], guubaabin, dhiirigelin, [[jecayl|haasaawe]], amaan, duco, wacyi, wargelin iyo wax-sheeg.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;Hibo Nuura waxay leedahay tiro badan oo [[hees]]o ah, kuwaasi oo iskugu jira wadani, [[jacayl]], guubaabin, dhiirigelin, [[jecayl|haasaawe]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Fanaanadu waxay ka tirsanayd [[Hobolada Waaberi]] ee hogaanka u ahaa fanka iyo suugaanta Soomaaliyeed.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[Hobolada Waaberi]] ee hogaanka u ahaa fanka iyo suugaanta Soomaaliyeed&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Heesaha fanaanada Hibo Maxamed Hodoon waxaa ugu caansan oon soo qaadan karnaa:

* Heesta Goronyo.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20241202133624/http://www.heesta.com/play_hees.php?id=262&amp;somali-music-song=aaminka%20ducadiyo Aaminka Ducadiyo]
* Heesta Ha iga Tagin ee Ii Talli

* [https://ismail4all.wordpress.com/2013/11/19/heestii-ka-buldhe-codadka-saalax-qasim-iyo-hibo-maxamed-cudoon-hibo-nuura-qoraal/ Heesta Ka Buldhe]: waxa si talantaali ah uwada qaadayaan [[Saalax Qaasim]] iyo Hibo Nuura.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[https://ismail4all.wordpress.com/2013/11/19/heestii-ka-buldhe-codadka-saalax-qasim-iyo-hibo-maxamed-cudoon-hibo-nuura-qoraal/ &quot;Qoraalka Heesta Ka Buldhe&quot;, qorida Suge]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

* Heesta Daawo Dacalada: waxa si talantaali ah uwada qaadayaan [[C.Qaadir Juba]] iyo Hibo Nuura

* Heesta Godadle: waxa wada qaadaya Hibo Nuura, [[Axmed Mooge]] iyo [[Xaliimo Khaliif Magool]].

* [[Hal Qudha|Heesta Hal Qudha]], si talan-taalli ah [[Hibo Nuura]] ula qaado [[fanaan]]ka [[C.Qadir Macalin Jubba]]

* Heesta Hallow

* Heesta Daawo Dacalada: waxa si talantaali ah u qaadaya [[C.Qaadir Juba]] iyo Hibo Nuura

* Heesta Afrika Waa Dhulkeeyga

* Heesta Safar: waxa si talantaali ah u wada qaadayaan [[C.Qaadir Juba]] iyo Hibo Nuura

* Heesta Kalgacaylku Waa Qani

* Heesta Rooble

* Heesta Kurbo

* Heesta Armaad

* Heesta Baaloley

* Heesta Afrikaay Toos: waxa si talantaali ah u qaadaya [[Xasan Aaden Samatar]] iyo Hibo Nuura

* Heesta Dayax

* Heesta Dood iyo Xal

* Heesta Gabo-gabo

* Heesta Himilo

* Heesta Maaweelo

* Heesta Ma ii Baaqdey

* Heesta Qunbacasho

* Heesta Rafiiq

* Heesta Ramaad

* Heesta Rako

* Heesta Waa Sheeko Hodana: waxa si talantaali ah u wad qaadayaan [[C.Qaadir Juba]] iyo Hibo Nuura

* Heesta Daawo Dacalada: waxa si talantaali ah u wad qaadayaan [[C.Qaadir Juba]] iyo Hibo Nuura

Hiba Nuura waxeey ka baxday Fanka 6dii February, 2015 weeyna ka toowba Keentay waxeeyna codsatay inaan la dhageeysan dhammaan heesaheedi oo idil.

= Fanaaniinta Soomaaliyeed =

[[Fanaan]]iinta [[Soomaali]]yeed ee caanka ah aad bay u badan yihiin [[lab|rag]] iyo [[dhedig|dumarba]]; haddaynnu dhawr ka xusno fannaaniintii hore ee waaweynaa waxa ka mid ah kuwa ku xusan jadwalka hoose.

{{Template:Fanaan}}

= Xigasho =

* [https://www.jw.org/en/library/books/Mankinds-Search-for-God/Islām-The-Way-to-God-by-Submission/ Islām​—The Way to God by Submission]


{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Fanaaniinta Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]
[[Category:Fanaaniinta dumrka Soomaaliyeed]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cabdiqaadir Jubba</title>
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::''Haku khaldin [[Magaca Cabdiqaadir]]
[[File:Jubba11.jpg|thumb|Fanaanka C.Qaadir Juba.]]

'''CabdiQaadir''', '''C.Qaadir Macalin Jubba''' waa [[fanaan]] [[Soomaaliyeed]] oo aad looga yaqaanno gayiga [[Soomaali]]da, kuna caan baxay magaca '''Wiilka Sanadka''' sababtoo ah wuxuu u cod fiican yahay dhammaan fanaaniinta ku [[hees]]a af-[[Soomaali]]ga.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[fanaan]] [[Soomaaliyeed]] oo aad looga yaqaanno gayiga [[Soomaali]]da&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Sababtoo ah markuu soo baxay fanaanka C.Qaadir Jubba wuxuu aha mid aad u da' yar, cod fiican leh, isla markaana sida la sheego wuxuu ahaa mid qurux badan wuxuu si dhakhso badan ugu soo shaac baxay dhammaan dhulka ay degto somaliska.
Sidoo kale, Jubba heesihiisa aad ayaa loo jeceyahay waana mid ka mid ah fannaaniinta qiimaha mugga weyn ku dhex leh umadda Soomaaliyeed. Fanaanka CabdiQaadir Macalin Jubba wuxuu uu ku dhashay magaalada muqdisho caasimadda  Soomaaliya sanadki 1964-kii.

= Heesaha Fanaanka =

Fanaanka C.Qaadir Jubba wuxuu leeyahay oo ka midyhay geeridi ku timid naag wayn oo loo yaqaanay maangaab tiro badan oo [[hees]]o ah, kuwaasi oo iskugu jira wadani, [[jacayl]], guubaabin, dhiirigelin, Waa beeen la yaqaan [[jecayl|haasaawe]], amaan, duco, wacyi, wargelin iyo wax-sheeg.&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;Jubba waxuu leeyahay tiro badan oo [[hees]]o ah, kuwaasi oo iskugu jira wadani, [[jacayl]], guubaabin, dhiirigelin, [[jecayl|haasaawe]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Fanaanku waxuu ka tirsanaa [[Hobolada Waaberi]] ee hogaanka u ahaa [[fan]]ka iyo [[suugaan]]ta [[Soomaaliyeed]].&lt;Ref&gt;&quot;[[Hobolada Waaberi]] ee hogaanka u ahaa [[fan]]ka iyo [[suugaan]]ta [[Soomaaliyeed]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Fanaankani wuxuu heeso badan la qaaday hobolo [[dumar]] oo badan, kuwaasi ooy ka mid yihiin fanaanada [[Xaliimo Khaliif Magool]], [[Hibo Nuura|Hibo Maxamed Hodoon]]&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Heesaha Jubba iyo [[Hibo Maxamed Hodoon]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ([[Hibo Nuura]]), [[Khadro Daahir]], Shamis Cabdi, Maandeeq, Saynab Cige iyo kuwo kale oo badan. 
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, heesaha Jubba aad ayay u badan yihiin, kuwa ugu caansan waxaa ka mid ah:

* ''Heesta [[Hal Qudha]], waxa si talantaali ah u wada qaadaan fanaanada [[Hibo Nuura]]

* Heesta Googaa: waxay si talantaali ah u wada qaadaan fanaanada [[Hibo Nuura]]

* Heesta Anigu Wali Sidiibaan&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.is/20140209055749/https://my.opera.com/ismail-msx/archive/monthly/?month=201603 qoraal ahaan halkan ka arag]&lt;/ref&gt;

* Heesta Canab

* Heesta Sahan

* Heesta Gobanimodoon: waxay si talantaali ah u wada qaadaan fanaanada [[Hibo Nuura]]

* Heesta Xasna

* Heesta Bukaaso

* Heesta Ila Xidh

* Heesta Qiso

* Heesta Daawo Dacalada: waxay si talantaali ah u wada qaadaan fanaanada [[Hibo Nuura]]

* Heesta Qarni Waliba

* Heesta Doobiga

* Heesta Labalis

* Heesta Way Helay Jacayl

* Heesta Ayaan

* Heesta Baarliin 

* Heesta Xasna

* Heesta Bukaasa

* Heesta Durdurada

* Heesta Hargeysa

* Heesta Nabad iyo Caano

* Heesta Shirib

* Heesta Sida Qiso

* [[Shimbirtii|Heesta Shimbirtii]]

* Heesta Balanbaalis

* Heesta Shamis [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pYaTP0VCr1o|//www.youtube.com/watch?v=pYaTP0VCr1o Halkan ka dhegayso] 

* Heesta Bilaalna Adin

* Heesta Hoobaan Bislaatey

* Heesta Ii Imoow

Heesaha fanaankan waxaad ka dhageesan kartaa websitekan [https://web.archive.org/web/20211022035239/https://newsomalisongs.com/artist/abdikadir-jubba/ Halkan Riix].

fanaanka jubba waxuu heesha ugu badan la qaaday hibo maxamed iyo khadra dahir laakiin waa la heesay zahra axmed, amina cabdulaahi iyo faadumo cabdulaahi maandeeq uu la qaaday hees aad iyo aad u mac oo jacayl oo idiinka caodsaneysno inaan maqalno mar kale iyo hees ramadaan. iyo hablo kale oo badan.

= Xigasho heesta uu la qaado maandeeq ma la heli karaa =
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Fanaaniinta Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Suugaan]]
[[Category:Muusig]]
[[Category:Fan]]
[[Category:Magac]]
[[Category:Magacyada Soomaalida]]
[[Category:Aadam iyo Xaawo]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Liin qarboosh</title>
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      <text bytes="7890" sha1="g5b9yd84pm1dm2dbstlcmkee86k94b8" xml:space="preserve">::''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan Liin qarbooshta. Bogag kale fiiri [[Liin Macaan]], [[Liin Dhanaan]], [[Liin Beydariin]] iyo [[Liin Bambeelmo]]
{{taxobox
|name = '''Liin Qarboosh'''
|image = Citrus_hystrix_dsc07772.jpg
|image_caption = Midhaha liin qarbooshtu waa mid cagaaran
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|diviso = Angiosperms
|classis = Eudicots
|ordo = Rosids
|subordo = [[Khudaar]]
|familia = [[Midho]]
|genus = [[Liin]]
|species = '''''Liino dhanano'''''
|binomial = ''Liin qarboosh''
|binomial_authority = Suge Xareed
|}}
'''Liin qarboosh''' ({{lang-en|''lime''}}; {{lang-ar|ليم}}) waa [[midho]] ka mid ah [[khudaar]]ta taasi oo la qoys ah guud ahaan [[liin]]ta. Liin qarbooshta waxay aad iskugu dhow yihiin xaga dhaqanka iyo waxyaabaha ay ka sameeysan tahay [[Liin dhanaan]]ta. Sidoo kale Liin qarbooshtu waa mid [[dhanaan]] xoogan leh oo ka qolof adag dhamaan qoyska liimaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=A dictionary of true etymologies|author=Adrian Room|publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis|year=1986|page=101}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Liintani waa mid wareegsan nooc [[goobo]] oo kale ah, [[midab]] [[cagaar]] ah leh taasi oo dhererkeedu yahay 3–6 sentimetre (1.2–2.4 inji), isla markaana ka kooban dheecaan asiidh oo adag.&lt;ref name=&quot;nwe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Lime_%28fruit%29|title=Line (fruit)|publisher=New World Encyclopedia|date=August 2014|accessdate=14 January 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Marka laga hadlayo noocyada liin qarbooshta waxaa jira ilaa dhowr nooc oo liin qarboosh ah, waxaana ka mid ah liinta xagigan (''Citrus aurantifolia''), liin qarbooshta Beershiya, qarbooshta qolofta adag iyo qarbooshta lamadegaanka. [[Nafaqo]] ahaan liin qarbooshtu waxay leedahay fiitamiino badan, gaar ahaan [[Fiitamiin]]-Sii, waxaana sida caadiga ah lo isticmaalaa in [[cunto|cuntada]] dhadhan fiican loogu sameeyo.

Waxaa sidoo kale laga sameeyaa liin qarbooshta noocyo badan oo [[cabitaan]] ah.

Geedka liin qarbooshta wuxuu midho dhalaa halmar sanadkii, waxuuna si fiican ugu baxaa deegaanada [[cimilo|cimilada diiran]] leh ee ka ag dhow [[dhul badhe|dhulbadhaha]]. In kastoo noocyada midhaha liin qarbooshtu kala duwan tahay, waxay guud ahaan leedahay awood dhanaan oo adag mararka qaal lagu sheego ineey qadhaadh xigto. Waxaa aad uga dhanaan badan [[liin dhanaan]]ta, sidoo kale [[sonkor]]ta ku jirta liin qarbooshtu waa mid kala duwan sababo la xidhiidha nafaqada geedka iyo cimilada darteed.&lt;ref name=Rotter&gt;{{cite web|last1=Rotter|first1=Ben|title=Fruit Data: Yield, Sugar, Acidity, Tannin|url=http://www.brsquared.org/wine/CalcInfo/FruitDat.htm|website=Improved Winemaking|accessdate=2014-09-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=Taariikh=

Geedaha liin qarbooshta waxaa markii ugu horeeysay ka bixi jirtey deegaanada cimilada kulul ee wadanka [[Ciraaq]] iyo [[Iiraan]], waxaana la dhaqan jirey geedkan tan ilaa [[Baabiyloon|ilbaxnimadii Baabiyloon]]&lt;ref name=TBS&gt;{{cite news|last=Raichlen|first=Steven|title=Small citruses yield tart juice, aromatic oils, big, fresh taste|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-08-02/features/1992215249_1_persian-limes-key-limes-lime-pie|accessdate=30 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Baltimore Sun]]|date=August 2, 1992|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2014-01-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113001650/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-08-02/features/1992215249_1_persian-limes-key-limes-lime-pie|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; taasi oo hada laga joogo dhowr kun oo sano.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1644345/pdf/procrsmed00351-0055.pdf|title=State of knowledge about scurvy|publisher=Section of the History of Medicine, publisher not shown|date=3 February 1971}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Geedaha liin qarbooshta waxaa markii ugu horeeysay ka bixi jirtey deegaanada cimilada kulul ee wadanka [[Ciraaq]] iyo [[Iiraan]], waxaana la dhaqan jirey geedkan tan ilaa [[Baabiyloon|ilbaxnimadii Baabiyloon]]&lt;ref name=TBS&gt;{{cite news|last=Raichlen|first=Steven|title=Small citruses yield tart juice, aromatic oils, big, fresh taste|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-08-02/features/1992215249_1_persian-limes-key-limes-lime-pie|accessdate=30 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Baltimore Sun]]|date=August 2, 1992|archive-date=2014-01-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113001650/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-08-02/features/1992215249_1_persian-limes-key-limes-lime-pie|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; taasi oo hada laga joogo dhowr kun oo sano.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1644345/pdf/procrsmed00351-0055.pdf|title=State of knowledge about scurvy|publisher=Section of the History of Medicine, publisher not shown|date=3 February 1971}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Dhamaan noocyada liintu waxay ka soo tafiirmeen geedka &quot;genus&quot; ee [[Saynis]] ahaan loo yaqaano ''Sitrus''. Taasi micnaheedu waa in dhamaan noocyada kale (sida [[Liin Dhanaan]]ta, [[Liin Qarboosh]]ta iyo [[Liin Bambeelmo|Liin Bambeelmada]]) ka soo tafiirmeen geedka Jenus ee liin macaanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Superspecies |url=http://www.scientific-web.com/en/Biology/Taxonomy/Superspecies.html |access-date=2015-09-19 |archive-date=2012-11-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101111210/http://www.scientific-web.com/en/Biology/Taxonomy/Superspecies.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Yellow Oranges and Green Tangerines (橙黃橘綠) by Zhao Lingrang (趙令穰).jpg|thumb|upright|Sida ka muuqata [[sawir]] wakhti hore ah geedka iyo midhaha liinta]]

Sida lagu xusay taariikhda geedka liinta waxaa markii ugu horeeysay lagu isticmali jirey [[Shiinaha|koonfurta wadanka Shiinaha]] oo la aaminsan yahay ineey tahay meesha ay asal ahaan ka timidey, iyo deegaano ka mid ah [[Aasiya|wadanada Koonfurbari Aasiya]]. Waxaa [[beer]]ashada geedka la [[dad]]ku bilaabeen ilaa [[C.H|2500 sano C.H]] (Ciise Hortii).&lt;ref&gt;Webber, Herbert John (1967–1989). [http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160523072403/http://websites.lib.ucr.edu/agnic/webber/Vol1/Chapter1.htm Chapter I. History and Development of the Citrus Industry] in ''ORIGIN OF CITRUS'', Vol. 1. University of California&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhinaca [[Yurub|qaarada Yurub]] waxaa la sheegay in nooc [[liin dhanaan]]ta ah lagu isticmaali jirey wadanka [[Talyaaniga]] taasi ooy ka sameeyn jireen [[daawo]]oyinka iyo walaxaha la isku dhayo. Waxay liintu aad ugu fiday qeybaha kale ee qaarada Yurub qiyaastii qarnigii 16aad, wakhtigaasi oo beerashada liintu aad u koobnayd.

[[File:OUDRY Orange Tree.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Sawir]] geedka liinta sanadkii 1740]]

Waxaa [[Ameerika|qaaradaha Ameerika]] soo gaadhsiiyay liinta sahamiyayaashii [[Isbayn|boqortooyada Isbayn]]. [[Kiristofer Kolumbus]] ayaa la aaminsan yahay inuu geedka liinta ka beeray agagaarka deegaanka loo yaqaano Hispaniola.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Sauls |first=Julian W. |title=HOME FRUIT PRODUCTION-ORANGES |url=http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/citrus/oranges.htm |publisher=The Texas A&amp;M University System |accessdate=30 November 2012 |date=December 1998}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=Muuqaalka=
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Lime Blossom.jpg|Geedka liin qarbooshta 
File:Limes.jpg|Muuqaalka liin qarbooshta
File:Lime CDC.jpg|Liin la jarjaray
File:LimePromo.jpg|Xayaysiiska iyo iidhehda suuqa liinta
File:A hybrid lime in India.jpg|Nooc ka mid ah liinta qarbooshta oo ka baxda wadanka Hindiya
File:Juliennejern.JPG|Mid ka mid ah farsamooyinka liinta qolofta looga saaro
File:Limes whole and halved.jpg|
File:Backyard_limes.jpg|
File:Makrut tree.jpg|Geedka liin qarbooshu waa mid aad u dheer marka loo eego noocyada kale ee liinta
File:Citrus hystrix leaf.jpg|Xataa caleenta liin qarbooshtu waa dhanaan
File:Thai-keffir-galangal.jpg|Deegaano badan oo caalamka ah waxay liintan u isticmaalaan daawo ahaan
File:Citrus hystrix Blanco2.408.png|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=Qoraalo La Xidhiidha=
{{Cunto}}

=Tixraac=
* [https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1200002746 Lime]


{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Caafimaad]]
[[Category:Cunto]]
[[Category:Dhir]]
[[Category:Geed]]
[[Category:Midho]]
[[Category:Dad]]
{{Commons|Lime}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Liin bambeelmo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="10311" sha1="brwntshj22l19tfruncaotbwk95jizk" xml:space="preserve">::''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan Liin bambeelmada. Bogag kale fiiri [[Liin Macaan]], [[Liin Dhanaan]], [[Liin Beydariin]] iyo [[Liin Qarboosh]]
::''Boga &quot;[[Bambeelmo]]&quot; halkan ayaa laga soo toosiyay.
{{taxobox
|name = '''Liin Bambeelmo'''
|image = Grapefruit-Whole-&amp;-Split.jpg
|image_caption = Midabka liin bambeelmada
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|diviso = Angiosperms
|classis = Eudicots
|ordo = Rosids
|subordo = [[Khudaar]]
|familia = [[Midho]]
|genus = [[Liin]]
|species = '''''Liina b'''''
|binomial = ''Liin Bambeelmo''
|binomial_authority = Xareed
|}}


'''Liin Bambeelmo''' ({{lang-en|''grapefruit''}}; {{lang-ar|زنباع}}) waa [[midho]] ka mid ah [[khudaar]]ta gaar ahaan qoyska [[liin]]ta.
Midhaha geedka liin bambeelmadu waa mid ka weyn dhamaan noocyada kala duwan ee liinta, waxayna leedahay [[biyo|biyo badan]] oo [[dhanaan]] iyo [[macaan]] iskugu jira.
Liin bambeelmadu waa [[geed|geed la isku talaalay]] oo markii ugu horeeysay si shil ah la iskugu talaalay [[liin macaan]] iyo geedka Bomelo ee laga helo [[Aasiya|koonfurbari Aasiya]]. [[Gasiirad|Gasiirada Barbados]] ee [[Kaariibiyaan]]ka ayaa si lama filaan ah nin [[beer]]oole ahi iskugu talaalay geedka liin macaanta iyo bomela halkaasi ooy ka soo baxdey liin bambeelmadu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Carrington &amp; Fraser&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Carrington |first1=Sean |last2=Fraser |first2=HenryC |title=A~Z of Barbados Heritage |url=https://archive.org/details/azofbarbadosheri0000unse |accessdate=6 April 2010 |edition= |series= |volume= |year=2003 |origyear= |publisher=Macmillan Caribbean |location= |isbn=0-333-92068-6 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/azofbarbadosheri0000unse/page/90 90]–91 |chapter=Grapefruit |quote=One of many citrus species grown in Barbados.  This fruit is believed to have originated in Barbados as a natural cross between sweet orange (''C. sinesis'') and Shaddock (''C. grandis''), both of which were introduced from Asia in the seventeenth century.  The grapefruit first appeared as an illustration entitled 'The Forbidden Fruit Tree' in the Rev. Griffith Hughes' ''The Natural History of Barbados'' (1750). This accords with the scientific name which literally is 'citrus of paradise'. The fruit was obviously fairly common around that time since George Washington in his Barbados Journal (1750-1751) mentions 'the Forbidden Fruit' as one of the local fruit available at a dinner party he attended.  The plant was later described in the 1837 ''Flora of Jamaica'' as the Barbados Grapefruit. The historical arguments and experimental work on leaf enzymes and oils from possible parents all support a Barbadian origin for the fruit.}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Markii ugu horeeysay ee la arkey waxa ka soo baxay talaalkaasi waxaa loo bixiyey &quot;khudaartii la xaaraantinimeeyay&quot; (forbidden fruit);&lt;ref name=&quot;Forbidden_Fruit&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Dowling, Curtis F.; [[Julia Morton|Morton, Julia Frances]] |title=Fruits of warm climates |publisher=J. F. Morton |location=[[Miami, FL]] |year=1987 |isbn=0-9610184-1-0 |oclc= 16947184 |url=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/grapefruit.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; waxaana loo fahmey ineey tahay bomelo sumoowday.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Li|first=Xiaomeng|author2=Xie R. |author3=Lu Z. |author4=Zhou Z. |title=The Origin of Cultivated Citrus as Inferred from Internal Transcribed Spacer and Chloroplast DNA Sequence and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Fingerprints|journal=Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science|date=July 2010|volume=135|issue=4|page=341|url=http://journal.ashspublications.org/content/135/4/341.full|accessdate=27 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] waxaa aad uga baxa liin bambeelmada. Gobolada koonfurta waxay aad ugu caan yihiin beeraha liin bambeelmada iyo  [[muus]]ka oo labadoodaba loo dhoofiyo caalamka.


=Sharaxaad=
[[File:Grapefruit.ebola.jpeg|thumb|left|upright|Midhaha iyo geedka liin bambeelmada]]

Geedka liin bambeelmadu markuu si fiian u koro wuxuu gaadhaa dherer dhan 5–6 meter (16–20 fiit), in kastoo kuwa ugu dhaadheeri gaadhaan ilaa 13–15 m (43–49 ft). Intaas waxaa dheer, [[caleen|caleemaha]] geedkani waa kuwo waligood-[[cagaar]] ah, balbalaadhan oo dhumucdoodu le'eg tahay 15 sentimeter (5.9 inji). Markuu geedku gaadho qaangaadh wuxuu bixiyaa [[ubax]] 5 senitmitir (2 inji) baladhkiisu dhan yahay.
Midhaha liin bambeelmadu waa mid leh [[midab]] [[huruud]]-oranji ah, waxayna u sameeysan tahay qaab wareegsan oo sida [[goobo|goobada]] oo kale ah midaasi oo dhumucdeedu tahay 10–15 cm (3.9–5.9 in).

Midhaha liin bambeelmada waxay leedahay hilib furfuran oo leh midababo kala duwan midaasi oo ku xidhan meesha laga qodo, [[cimilo|cimilada]] iyo [[nafaqo|nafaqada carada]]; waxaana midabada ugu badan [[cadaan]], buni (pink) iyo [[casaan]]. Sidoo kale liin bambeelmadu waxay leedahay asiidh badan, iyo [[fiitamiin]]-Sii badan, iyo [[dhadhan]] [[macaan]] ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;txsweet&quot;&gt;[http://www.texasweet.com/About-Texas-Citrus/Texas-Grapefruit-History Texas grapefruit history] {{Wayback|url=http://www.texasweet.com/About-Texas-Citrus/Texas-Grapefruit-History |date=20101128162502 }}, TexaSweet. Retrieved 2 July 2008.&lt;/ref&gt;


=Taariikh=
Taariikh ahaan liin bambeelmadu waxay ka soo jeedaa ama waalid u ah [[liin macaan]]ta iyo geedka bomelo oo labadooduba asal ahaan ka soo jeedaa [[Aasiya|gobolada koonfurbari ee qaarada Aasiya]].

Geedaha liin qarbooshta waxaa markii ugu horeeysay ka bixi jirtey deegaanada cimilada kulul ee wadanka [[Ciraaq]] iyo [[Iiraan]], waxaana la dhaqan jirey geedkan tan ilaa [[Baabiyloon|ilbaxnimadii Baabiyloon]]&lt;ref name=TBS&gt;{{cite news|last=Raichlen|first=Steven|title=Small citruses yield tart juice, aromatic oils, big, fresh taste|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-08-02/features/1992215249_1_persian-limes-key-limes-lime-pie|accessdate=30 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Baltimore Sun]]|date=August 2, 1992|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2014-01-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113001650/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-08-02/features/1992215249_1_persian-limes-key-limes-lime-pie|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; taasi oo hada laga joogo dhowr kun oo sano.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1644345/pdf/procrsmed00351-0055.pdf|title=State of knowledge about scurvy|publisher=Section of the History of Medicine, publisher not shown|date=3 February 1971}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Geedaha liin qarbooshta waxaa markii ugu horeeysay ka bixi jirtey deegaanada cimilada kulul ee wadanka [[Ciraaq]] iyo [[Iiraan]], waxaana la dhaqan jirey geedkan tan ilaa [[Baabiyloon|ilbaxnimadii Baabiyloon]]&lt;ref name=TBS&gt;{{cite news|last=Raichlen|first=Steven|title=Small citruses yield tart juice, aromatic oils, big, fresh taste|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-08-02/features/1992215249_1_persian-limes-key-limes-lime-pie|accessdate=30 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Baltimore Sun]]|date=August 2, 1992|archive-date=2014-01-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113001650/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-08-02/features/1992215249_1_persian-limes-key-limes-lime-pie|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; taasi oo hada laga joogo dhowr kun oo sano.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1644345/pdf/procrsmed00351-0055.pdf|title=State of knowledge about scurvy|publisher=Section of the History of Medicine, publisher not shown|date=3 February 1971}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Dhamaan noocyada liintu waxay ka soo tafiirmeen geedka &quot;genus&quot; ee [[Saynis]] ahaan loo yaqaano ''Sitrus''. Taasi micnaheedu waa in dhamaan noocyada kale (sida [[Liin Dhanaan]]ta, [[Liin Qarboosh]]ta iyo [[Liin Bambeelmo|Liin Bambeelmada]]) ka soo tafiirmeen geedka Jenus ee liin macaanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Superspecies |url=http://www.scientific-web.com/en/Biology/Taxonomy/Superspecies.html |access-date=2015-09-19 |archive-date=2012-11-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101111210/http://www.scientific-web.com/en/Biology/Taxonomy/Superspecies.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Yellow Oranges and Green Tangerines (橙黃橘綠) by Zhao Lingrang (趙令穰).jpg|thumb|upright|Sida ka muuqata [[sawir]] wakhti hore ah geedka iyo midhaha liinta]]

Sida lagu xusay taariikhda geedka liinta waxaa markii ugu horeeysay lagu isticmali jirey [[Shiinaha|koonfurta wadanka Shiinaha]] oo la aaminsan yahay ineey tahay meesha ay asal ahaan ka timidey, iyo deegaano ka mid ah [[Aasiya|wadanada Koonfurbari Aasiya]]. Waxaa [[beer]]ashada geedka la [[dad]]ku bilaabeen ilaa [[C.H|2500 sano C.H]] (Ciise Hortii).&lt;ref&gt;Webber, Herbert John (1967–1989). [http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160523072403/http://websites.lib.ucr.edu/agnic/webber/Vol1/Chapter1.htm Chapter I. History and Development of the Citrus Industry] in ''ORIGIN OF CITRUS'', Vol. 1. University of California&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhinaca [[Yurub|qaarada Yurub]] waxaa la sheegay in nooc [[liin dhanaan]]ta ah lagu isticmaali jirey wadanka [[Talyaaniga]] taasi ooy ka sameeyn jireen [[daawo]]oyinka iyo walaxaha la isku dhayo. Waxay liintu aad ugu fiday qeybaha kale ee qaarada Yurub qiyaastii qarnigii 16aad, wakhtigaasi oo beerashada liintu aad u koobnayd.

[[File:OUDRY Orange Tree.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Sawir]] geedka liinta sanadkii 1740]]

Waxaa [[Ameerika|qaaradaha Ameerika]] soo gaadhsiiyay liinta sahamiyayaashii [[Isbayn|boqortooyada Isbayn]]. [[Kiristofer Kolumbus]] ayaa la aaminsan yahay inuu geedka liinta ka beeray agagaarka deegaanka loo yaqaano Hispaniola.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Sauls |first=Julian W. |title=HOME FRUIT PRODUCTION-ORANGES |url=http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/citrus/oranges.htm |publisher=The Texas A&amp;M University System |accessdate=30 November 2012 |date=December 1998}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=Muuqaalka=
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Citrus paradisi (Grapefruit, pink) white bg.jpg|Liin bambeelmo la kala jaray
File:Owoce Grejpfrut.jpg|Liin bambeelmo
File:Forbidden Fruit Tree.jpg|sanadkii 1750 wakhtiyadii geedka loo yaqaanay &quot;khudaaa xaaranta&quot; ah
File:Caligrapefruit.jpg|Liin bambeelmo midab caadaan ah leh
File:Starr 071024-0114 Citrus x paradisi.jpg|Liin bambeelmo baxaysa
File:Pink Grapefruit 2011-1.jpg|Liin bambeelmo buni ah
File:Citrus paradisi Indian grape fruit at Kakinada.JPG|Liin bambeelmo qeyb laga dhilay


&lt;/gallery&gt;

=Qoraalo La Xidhiidha=
{{Cunto}}

=Tixraac=
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Caafimaad]]
[[Category:Cunto]]
[[Category:Dhir]]
[[Category:Geed]]
[[Category:Midho]]
[[Category:Dad]]
{{Commons|Citrus × paradisi}}</text>
      <sha1>brwntshj22l19tfruncaotbwk95jizk</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Shunburo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17514</id>
    <revision>
      <id>312008</id>
      <parentid>259299</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T03:04:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>312008</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="5797" sha1="hqsqal0p1286459aqvt5f0zoelrfwbj" xml:space="preserve">::''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan Shunburada. Maqaalo kale fiiri [[Hadhuudh]], [[garow]], [[masago]], [[digir]]
{{taxobox
| name = Shunburo
| image = Sa-whitegreen-chickpea.jpg
| image_caption = Shunburada cad iyo cagaarka ah
|image2 = Chickpea BNC.jpg
|image2_caption =Shunburo
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
| unranked_classis = Eudicots
| unranked_ordo = Rosids
| ordo = Fabales
| familia = [[Cows]]leyda
| genus = ''[[Firi|Firi Siser]]''
| species = '''''C. arietinum'''''
| binomial = ''Cicer arietinum''
| binomial_authority = Karl Linnaeus
|synonyms =
    {{Plainlist | style = margin-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; |
* ''Cicer album'' &lt;small&gt;hort.&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Cicer arientinium'' &lt;small&gt;L. [Ku kala duwan dhawaaqa]&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Cicer arientinum'' &lt;small&gt;L. [Ku kala duwan dhawaaqa]&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Cicer edessanum'' &lt;small&gt;Bornm.&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Cicer grossum'' &lt;small&gt;Salisb.&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Cicer nigrum'' &lt;small&gt;hort.&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Cicer physodes'' &lt;small&gt;Rchb.&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Cicer rotundum'' &lt;small&gt;Alef.&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Cicer sativum'' &lt;small&gt;Schkuhr&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Cicer sintenisii'' &lt;small&gt;Bornm.&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Ononis crotalarioides'' &lt;small&gt;M.E.Jones&lt;/small&gt;
    }}
|synonyms_ref = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/ild-4318
|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species
|accessdate=22 October 2014
|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive
|archive-date=2 Bisha Tobnaad 2017
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002112842/http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/ild-4318
|dead-url=yes
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}


'''Shurburo''' ({{lang-en|''Chickpea''}}; {{lang-ar|حمص شائع}}) [[Saynis]] ahaan loo yaqaano ''&quot;Cicer arietinum&quot;'' waa [[midho]] [[firi]] ah oo ka baxda geedka loo yaqaan ganbanzo.&lt;ref name=eb9&gt;&quot;{{eb9|Gram}}&quot; in the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', {{nowrap|9th ed.}}, {{nowrap|Vol. XI}}. 1880.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=GRIN&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?10535 |title=USDA GRIN Taxonomy |accessdate=21 October 2014 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=12 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012053431/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?10535 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Shunburadu waxay xubin ka tahay [[dhir]]ta qaniga ku ah [[nafaqo|nafaqada]] [[borotiin]]ka ee [[firiley]]da ah, taasi oo ka baxda meelo badan oo dunid ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.forward.com/articles/2119/ |title=Chickpeas — On Language | author=Philologos | date=October 21, 2005 | publisher=The Jewish Daily Forward]]|accessdate=2009-03-28 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
Sida lagu ogaaday [[cilmi]]baadhis aarkiyooloji ah, geedka shunburada waxaa laga beeran jiray caalamka wakhti aad u dheer oo lagu qiyaasay ilaa [[sanad|7,500 sano]] deegaano ka mid ah [[caro|deegaanada Carada Nafaqeysan]] ee Bariga Dhexe.


=Taariikh=
[[File:India - Varanasi green peas - 2714.jpg|thumb|left|Shunburada cagaaran ee ka baxda wadanka Hindiya]]
Geedka shunburada waxaa laga beeran jirey caalamka wakhti aad u dheer, taasi oo loo isticmaali jirey cunto ahaan. Asal ahaan geedku wuxuu ka soo jeeda [[Aasiya|qaarada Aasiya]], gaar ahaan deegaanada leh [[nafaqo|Carada Nafaqada]] leh.
Dhowr [[cilmi]]baadhis oo meelo kala duwan lagu sameeyay waxaa lagu ogaaday in meesha ugu taariikhda fog ay tahay deegaano ka mid ah Bariga Dhexe, halkaasi oo ilaa 7,500 sano ka hor lagu beeran jirey. Cilmibaadhis kale waxay sheegtay in ilaa 3,500 sano ka hor laga beeran jirey Shunburada deegaanada [[Turkiga|koonfurta Turkiga]].&lt;ref&gt;Zohary, Daniel and Hopf, Maria, ''Domestication of Plants in the Old World'' (third edition), Oxford University Press, 2000, p 110&lt;/ref&gt;

Qiyaastii [[C.H|800 sano C.H]] (Ciise Hortii) ayaa geedku soo gaadhay deegaanada [[Afrika|Waqooyiga Afrika]] halkaasi oo mudadii xigtay ay uga soo gudubtey qaaraa Afrika iyo [[Yurub|Koonfurta Yurub]].&lt;ref name=Culpeper&gt;{{cite book|author=[[Nicholas Culpeper]]|title=Chick-Pease, or Cicers|work=The Complete Herbal (1652, originally titled The English Physitian)|url=http://www.bibliomania.com/2/1/66/113/frameset.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Sidoo kale, qoraalo la sameeyay sanadkii 1793 oo ka waramayay geedka [[bun]]ka ayaa waxaa laga dhax helay maqaalo ka hadlaya shunburada ka baxda wadanka [[Jarmalka]], waxaana la odhan kara iney wadankaasi gaadhay wakhti aad uga horeeyay taariikhda kor ku xusan.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.crnindia.com/commodity/chickpea.html Chickpea] {{Wayback|url=http://www.crnindia.com/commodity/chickpea.html |date=20060427141450 }}, crnindia.com, retrieved 29 August 2008&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.icarda.cgiar.org/Publications/Cook/Chickpea/Chickpea.html Chickpea] {{Wayback|url=http://www.icarda.cgiar.org/Publications/Cook/Chickpea/Chickpea.html |date=20120718064651 }}, icarda.cgiar.org, retrieved 28 August 2008&lt;/ref&gt;

=Muuqaalka=
&lt;gallery  perrow=&quot; &quot; widths=&quot;150&quot; heights=&quot;150&quot; caption=&quot;Muuqaalada Shurburada&quot;&gt;
File:Chickpea_pods.jpg
File:Cicer_arietinum_HabitusFruits_BotGardBln0906a.jpg
File:whitegreen-chickpea.jpg
Image:Cicer arietinum HabitusFruitsFlowers BotGardBln0906.jpg|
Image:Cicer arietinum HabitusFruits BotGardBln0906a.jpg| 
File:Cicer_arietinum_001.JPG|
File:Cicer_arietinum_003.JPG| 
File:Cicer_arietinum_004.JPG| 
File:Hummus from The Nile.jpg|
File:Potaje de garbanzos y collejas5.JPG|
File:Chakhchoukha9.JPG|
File:Choleindia.jpg|
File:Halua of Chickpeas.jpg|
File:Aesthetic Fried Gram.jpg|
File:Chickpea.jpg|
File:Fabaceae (seeds)20100315 04.jpg|
Image:Cicer arietinum Taub129.png
Cicer arietinum noir MHNT.BOT.2017.12.2.jpg|''Cicer arietinum noir'' - Museum specimen
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=Qoraalo La Xidhiidha=
{{Cunto}}


=Tixraac=
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Firiley]]
[[Category:Caafimaad]]
[[Category:Cunto]]
[[Category:Dhir]]
[[Category:Geed]]
[[Category:Midho]]
[[Category:Dad]]

[[Category:Beeraha]]
[[Category:Beer]]
[[Category:Juquraafi]]

{{Commons|Cicer arietinum}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Faasuliyad</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17519</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311869</id>
      <parentid>273770</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T23:00:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311869</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6207" sha1="b7hagexgv2f1aplsmi4aw6qhwyqyg35" xml:space="preserve">::''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan faasuliyada. Maqaalo kale fiiri [[digir guud]], [[digir]], [[digirta madow]], [[digirta cas]], [[digirta cad]]
{{Taxobox
| image = White beans.jpg
| image_caption = {{longitem|style=padding:0 0 0.6em;line-height:1.3em|midhaha faasuliyada}}
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
| unranked_classis = Eudicots
| unranked_ordo = Rosids
| ordo = Fabales
| familia = [[Digir]]
| subfamilia = 
| tribus = Phaseoleae
| subtribus = Phaseolinae
| genus = 
| species = '''''[[Firi|Firi P. vulgaris]]'''''
| binomial = ''[[Digir guud|Fasuliyad vulgaris]]''
| binomial_authority = Carl Linnaeus&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/search?q=phaseolus+vulgaris |title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |access-date=2015-09-21 |archive-date=2017-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002064226/http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/search?q=phaseolus+vulgaris |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| synonyms =
| synonyms_ref = 
}}


'''Fasuliyad''' ({{lang-en|''navy bean''}}; {{lang-ar|لوبیا سفید}}) [[Saynis]] ahaan ka mid ah dhirta lagu magacaabo ''&quot;Phaseolus vulgaris&quot;'' iyo ''&quot;pearl haricot&quot;''; 
waa [[midho]] [[firiley]] ah oo ka tirsan [[digir guud|qoyska digirta guud]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.pulsecanada.com/food-health/what-is-a-pulse/bean |title=Bean (''Phaseolus vulgaris'') |accessdate=30 August 2014 |publisher=Pulse Canada |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=13 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113185702/http://www.pulsecanada.com/food-health/what-is-a-pulse/bean |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
Waa midho yaryar, qalalan oo leh midab cadaan ah - mararka qaar casuus ah, ama isku midab isku dhafan, taasi oo xajmigeedu ka yaryahay [[digir]]ta kale iyo guud ahaan [[digir guud|bahda digirta]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/bean_soup.htm Senate Bean Soup].&lt;/ref&gt;  
Si la mid ah digirta kale, faasuuliyadu waxay leedahay nafaqo badan oo jidhka dadka iyo xoolaha aad ugu fiican kana helaan fiitamiino badan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.tarladalal.com/glossary-haricot-beans-708i |access-date=2015-09-21 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924113355/http://www.tarladalal.com/glossary-haricot-beans-708i |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

Faasuuliyadu waxay leedahay midab cad, taasi oo keentay in meelo badan oo caalamka ah lagu magacaabo &quot;digitra cad&quot;.
Gabi ahaan dhirta geedaha faasuuliyadu waa mid dhasha hal mar sanadkii, taasi oo u baahan [[cimilo]] iyo [[biyo]] kala gedisan.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRIN&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?27632 |title=''Phaseolus vulgaris'' L. |publisher=Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture |date=August 19, 2010 |accessdate=September 22, 2013 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=September 30, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930081549/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?27632 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Faasuuliyadu waxay ka mid tahay geedaha ugu taariikhda dheer ee dadku beeran jireen tan iyo ilbaxnimooyinka ka hor, wakhti hada laga joogo [[sanad|10,000 sano]].&lt;ref name=&quot;P&amp;R&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Phillips, R.; Rix, M. |year=1993 |title=Vegetables |publisher=Random House |location=New York |url=http://books.google.ca/books/about/Vegetables.html?id=DKVFAAAAYAAJ |isbn=9780679750246}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Sida caadiga ah faasuliyadu waxaa maanta laga beerta meel kasta oo caalamka ah, marka laga reebo [[Antaraktika]]. Wadanada [[Baraasiil]] iyo [[Hindiya]] aya ugu badan soo saarida iyo beerida digirta qalalan, halka wadanka [[Shiinaha]] ugu badan yahay nooca digirta cagaaran. Sanadkii 2010ka waxaa caalamku guud ahaan soo saaray [[milyan|23 milyan]] oo digirta guud ah iyo 17.1 milyan oo digirta cagaaran ah.

=Noocyada=
Noocyada faasuuliyadu waxaa ka mid ah:


* '''Kanellini''' (''cannellini''), nooc aad caan ugu ah badhtamaha iyo koonfurta wadanka [[Talyaaniga]]. Faasuuliyada noocani ahi waa mid ka xajmi waawayn noocyada kale, waxayna aad ugu qaab dhowdahay [[digir]]ta caadiga ah.
* '''Waqooyiga Sare''' (''Great northern''), sidoo kale lagu magacaabo &quot;faasuliyad wayne&quot; waa nooc ka mid ah faasuliyada oo aad ugu wayn dhamaan noocyada kale ee faasuliyada. Waxay kaga duwan tahay ''Kanellini'' waa muuqaalka iyo qaabdhismeedka firida midhaha. Meelo badan oo caalamka ahi noocan waxay u isticmaalaan in laga sameeyo [[daqiiq]]da.

* '''Gígantes''' waxaa laga helaa waqooyiga Afrika iyo deegaano ka mid ah koonfurta Yurub. 


=Nafaqada Faasuliyada=
Guud ahaan digirta oo idil waa mid nafaqo badan u leh jidhka dadka iyo xayawaanka, sababtoo ah ma lahan [[dux]] badan, kolestarool iyo [[sonkor]] badan. Faasuuliyadu waxay leedahay fiber oo ah mid caawiya caloosha, [[borotiin]] iyo awood badan, iyo noocyo badan oo [[fiitamiin]] ah.
Faa'iida gaarka ah ee laga helo faasuliyada oo kali ah waa [[nafaqo|nafaqada phosphatidylserine]] (PS) oo ah mid aad u caawisa jidhka noolaha.&lt;ref&gt;Souci SW, Fachmann E, Kraut H (2008). Food Composition and Nutrition Tables. Medpharm Scientific Publishers Stuttgart.&lt;/ref&gt;

=Kaydinta iyo Ilaalada=

Guud ahaan faasuliyada qalalan weey ka cimri dheer tahay noocyada kale ee [[firiley]]da ah. Marka faasuliyada la warshadeeyo ee la qasaacadeeyo waxay ahaan kartaa mid feresh ah wakhti aad u dheer. Si loo ilaaliyo fiicnida iyo caafimaadka faasuliyada la keydinayo waxay u baahan tahay in la dhigo meel mugdi ah, qalalan oo leh [[heerkul]] aan ka hooseynin 75 digri Farenheit.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=How Long Do Beans Last?|url=http://www.eatbydate.com/proteins/beans-peas/beans-shelf-life-expiration-date/|accessdate=23 November 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;


=Muuqaalka=
&lt;gallery  perrow=&quot; &quot; widths=&quot;180&quot; heights=&quot;180&quot; caption=&quot;Muuqaalada Faasuliyada&quot;&gt;
File:Phaseolus lunatus MHNT.BOT.2008.1.40.jpg
File:White beans.jpg
File:Phaseolus vulgaris white beans, witte boon.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=Qoraalo La Xidhiidha=
{{Cunto}}


=Tixraac=
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Firiley]]
[[Category:Caafimaad]]
[[Category:Cunto]]
[[Category:Dhir]]
[[Category:Geed]]
[[Category:Midho]]
[[Category:Dad]]

[[Category:Beeraha]]
[[Category:Beer]]
[[Category:Juquraafi]]

{{Commons|Navy bean}}</text>
      <sha1>b7hagexgv2f1aplsmi4aw6qhwyqyg35</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Barnamijka Horumarka Qaramada Midoobay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17711</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311826</id>
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      <text bytes="4571" sha1="czdzf1brxb2xju1sw6bcrcgf6um752t" xml:space="preserve">::''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan hayada horumarka QM. Qoraalo kale fiiri [[Hayad khaas|Hayadaha Qaramada Midoobay]]. Haku khaldin &quot;[[UNDPI]]&quot;
::''&quot;Boga &quot;[[UNDP]]&quot; halkan ayaa laga soo toosiyay.
{{Infobox United Nations
| name = Barnaamijka Horumarka Qaramada Midoobay&lt;br/&gt;United Nations Development Programme
| image = 
| image size = 100px
| caption = Calanka hayada UNDP.
| type = Barnaamij QM
| acronyms = UNDP
| headquarters = [[New York]]
&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;([[xarunta QM|Deegaano Caalamiya]])
| head = Helen Klark
| status = Shaqaysa hada
| established = 1965
| website = [http://www.undp.org www.undp.org]
| parent = [[ECOSOC]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal
 |url         = http://www.unausa.org/atf/cf/%7b49C555AC-20C8-4B43-8483-A2D4C1808E4E%7d/2007+UNA-USA+MUN+UNDP+%5bMegacities+and+the+Environment,+Foreign+Direct+Investment%5d.pdf
 |title       = Background Guide;: Executive board of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
 |publisher   = UN-USA
 |accessdate  = 13 December 2007
 |postscript  = &lt;!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to &quot;.&quot; for the cite to end in a &quot;.&quot;, as necessary. --&gt;
 |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20070614085742/http://www.unausa.org/atf/cf/%7b49C555AC-20C8-4B43-8483-A2D4C1808E4E%7d/2007+UNA-USA+MUN+UNDP+%5bMegacities+and+the+Environment,+Foreign+Direct+Investment%5d.pdf
 |archivedate = 14 June 2007
 |ciwaan      = Nuqul Archive
 |dead-url    = yes
}} (from internet archive)&lt;/ref&gt;
| commons = [[Qaramada Midoobay]]
| footnotes =
}}
{{QM2}}

'''Barnaamijka Horumarka Qaramada Midoobay''' ({{lang-en|''United Nations Development Programme''}}, loo soo gaabiyo: ('''UNDP'''); {{lang-ar|برنامج الأمم المتحدة الإنمائي}}) waa shabakada horumarka [[Ururka Qaramada Midoobay]].
Waxa fadhi u ah magaalada [[New York]], wadanka [[Maraykanka]]; howlaha ugu muhiimsan ee hayada UNDP qabato waxaa ka mid ah u ololeynta isbedel waxtar leh iyo xidhiidhinta wadanada iyo aqoonta (sida horumarinta waxbarashada iyo aqoonta). Sidoo kale, hayadani waxay ka caawisaa wadanada iyo bulshooyinka ineey helaan waayoaragnimo aqooneed iyo kheyraadka lagu caawin karo dadka si eey horumar u gaadhaan. Waxay bixisaa siminaaro, tabobaro, aqoon korodhsi qurbaha ah (scholarship), agab teknooloji iyo waxyaabaha kale ee muhiimka ah.

Si kastaba ha ahaate, hayada UNDP waxay hoostagtaa gudida talada [[GSQM|xafiiska Golaha Sare Qaramada Midoobay]], kaasi oo ah xafiiska sadexaad ee ugu awooda badan Ururka Qaramada Midoobay, waxa ka horeeya kaliya Xoghayaha Guud iyo ku xigeenka Xoghayaha Guud.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.un.org/sg/senstaff_details.asp?smgID=9 un.org]&lt;/ref&gt;


=Qoraalo La Xidhiidha=
*[[Qaramada Midoobay]]
*[[Bankiga Aduunka]]
*[[Ururka Caafimaadka Aduunka]]
*[[Hayada Cuntada Aduunka]]
*[[UNESCO]]
*[[UNICEF]]
*[[ICAO]]
*[[WHO]]
*[[WFP]]
{{QM}}

=Linkiyo Kale=


* [http://www.undp.org/ Official UNDP web site]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151006211747/http://jobs.undp.org/ Official UNDP job site]
* [https://www.twitter.com/UNDP/ Official UNDP Twitter Stream]
* [https://www.facebook.com/UNDP/ Official UNDP Facebook Page]
* [http://www.linkedin.com/company/undp/ Official UNDP LinkedIn Page]
* [http://www.instagram.com/undp_/ Official UNDP Instagram Account]
* [https://plus.google.com/b/113559372707806061072/113559372707806061072/ Official UNDP Google Plus Page]
* [http://www.jposc.org/documents/UNDP%20for%20Beginners/UNDP_for_Beginners_en.pdf UNDP for Beginners] {{Wayback|url=http://www.jposc.org/documents/UNDP%20for%20Beginners/UNDP_for_Beginners_en.pdf |date=20151020144202 }}.
* [http://www.unrol.org/article.aspx?article_id=13 United Nations Rule of Law: United Nations Development Programme] {{Wayback|url=http://www.unrol.org/article.aspx?article_id=13 |date=20120207031527 }}

* [http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/m_progre.htm Declaration on Social Progress and Development]
* [http://europeandcis.undp.org/ UNDP Europe and CIS] {{Wayback|url=http://europeandcis.undp.org/ |date=20100620212132 }}
* [https://www.twitter.com/UNDP_RBEC/ Twitter Europe and CIS Stream] {{Wayback|url=https://www.twitter.com/UNDP_RBEC/ |date=20100723062431 }}
* [http://logos.undp.org/ Knowledge Pilot Platform for Latin America and the Caribbean] {{Wayback|url=http://logos.undp.org/ |date=20081014190350 }}
* [http://www.ipc-undp.org / UNDP International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth]

=Tixraac=
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Qaramada Midoobay]][[Category:Siyaasad]]
[[Category:Ururada caalamiga ah]]
[[Category:Wadan]]
[[Category:Dhul]]{{Commons|Category:United Nations Development Programme}}</text>
      <sha1>czdzf1brxb2xju1sw6bcrcgf6um752t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ururka Horumarinta Warshedaha Qaramada Midoobay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17770</id>
    <revision>
      <id>312036</id>
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        <id>28368</id>
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      <text bytes="2001" sha1="sk6jb9qk4q1vdlcqqxq62r06kplmu9t" xml:space="preserve">::''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan hayada horumarinta wershadaha QM. Qoraalo kale fiiri [[Hayad khaas|Hayadaha Qaramada Midoobay]].''
::''Haku khaldin &quot;[[UNDP]]&quot;''
::''Boga &quot;[[UNIDO]]&quot; halkan ayaa laga soo toosiyay.
{{Infobox United Nations
| name = United Nations Industrial Development Organization
| image =
| image size = 150px
| caption =
| type = [[hayad khaas]] ee QM
| acronyms = UNIDO
| head = Li Yong
| status = Shaqaynaysa hada
| established = 1966 (waxaa loo badalay wakiil khaas ah sanadkii 1985)
| headquarters = Fiyenna, [[Austriya]]
| website = [http://www.unido.org/ www.unido.org]
| parent =
| subsidiaries =
| footnotes =
}}
{{QM2}}
'''Ururka Horumarinta Wershadaha Qaramada Midoobay''' ({{lang-en|''United Nations Industrial Development Organization''}}, loo soo gaabiyo: ('''UNIDO'''); {{lang-ar|منظمة الأمم المتحدة للتنمية الصناعية}}) waa [[hayad khaas|wakiil khaas ah]] ee Qaramada Midoobay taasi oo degan magaalada Fiyeena, [[Austriya]]. Hadafka koowaad ee ururku waa horumarinta, talobixinta, dhiirigelinta iyo caawinta [[wershad]]aha.
Ururkani wuxuu xubin buuxda ka yahay [[Kooxda Horumarka Qaramada Midoobay]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.undg.org/index.cfm?P=13 |access-date=2015-10-04 |archive-date=2011-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511144047/http://www.undg.org/index.cfm?P=13 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;


=Qoraalo La Xidhiidha=
*[[Qaramada Midoobay]]
*[[Bankiga Aduunka]]
*[[Ururka Caafimaadka Aduunka]]
*[[Hayada Cuntada Aduunka]]
*[[UNESCO]]
*[[UNICEF]]
*[[ICAO]]
*[[WHO]]
*[[WFP]]
{{QM}}

=Linkiyo Kale=
* [http://www.unido.org/ Official website of UNIDO]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20201109060317/https://www.makingitmagazine.net/ Website of UNIDO's Making It magazine]


=Tixraac=
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Qaramada Midoobay]][[Category:Siyaasad]]
[[Category:Ururada caalamiga ah]]
[[Category:Wadan]]
[[Category:Dhul]]{{Commons|Category:United Nations Industrial Development Organization}}</text>
      <sha1>sk6jb9qk4q1vdlcqqxq62r06kplmu9t</sha1>
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    <title>Barnamijka Iskuxidhka HIV/AIDS Qaramada Midoobay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17775</id>
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      <text bytes="1267" sha1="8h0ichfa2vzdpf5mgjznlfq530deqee" xml:space="preserve">::''Boga &quot;[[UNAIDS]]&quot; halkan ayaa laga soo toosiyay.
[[File:UNAIDS building Geneva, Switzerland.JPG|thumb|500px|Dhismaha xarunta UNAIDS magaalada [[Jineefa|Jeniifa]].]]

{{QM2}}
'''Barnamijka Iskuxidhka HIV/AIDS Qaramada Midoobay''' ({{lang-en|''Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/[[AIDS]]''}}), loo soo gaabiyo: ('''UNAIDS'''); {{lang-ar|برنامج الأمم المتحدة المشترك لفيروس نقص المناعة البشرية/الإيدز}}) waa [[hayad khaas|wakiil khaas ah]] ee Qaramada Midoobay taasi oo degan magaalada [[Fiyena|Fiyeena]], [[Austriya]].

=Qoraalo La Xidhiidha=
*[[Qaramada Midoobay]]
*[[Bankiga Aduunka]]
*[[Ururka Caafimaadka Aduunka]]
*[[Hayada Cuntada Aduunka]]
*[[UNESCO]]
*[[UNICEF]]
*[[ICAO]]
*[[WHO]]
*[[WFP]]
=Ku saabsan Qaramada Midoobay=

=Linkiyo Kale=
* [http://www.unido.org/ Official website of UNIDO]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20201109060317/https://www.makingitmagazine.net/ Website of UNIDO's Making It magazine]

=Tixraac=
{{Commons|Category:Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS}}
{{Reflist}}

* [http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/somalia/ UNAIDS]

{{QM}}

[[Category:Qaramada Midoobay]][[Category:Siyaasad]]
[[Category:Ururada caalamiga ah]]
[[Category:Wadan]]
[[Category:Dhul]]</text>
      <sha1>8h0ichfa2vzdpf5mgjznlfq530deqee</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Ururka Sadaasha Hawada Aduunka</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="1989" sha1="ojmwccuceigibnhyrqe8t9mojcp7g32" xml:space="preserve">::''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan hayada saadasha hawada QM. Qoraalo kale fiiri [[Hayad khaas|Hayadaha Qaramada Midoobay]].''
::''&quot;Boga &quot;[[WMO]]&quot; halkan ayaa laga soo toosiyay.

{{Infobox United Nations
| name = المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد الجوية&lt;br&gt;World Meteorological Organization&lt;br&gt;Organisation météorologique mondiale&lt;br&gt;
Organización Meteorológica Mundial&lt;br&gt;Всемирная Метеорологическая Организация&lt;br&gt;世界气象组织
| image = Flag of the World Meteorological Organization.svg
| image size = 225px
| caption = WMO flag
| type = UN agency
| acronyms = WMO&lt;br /&gt;OMM
| head = Petteri Taalas&lt;ref&gt;https://public.wmo.int/en/about-us/secretariat&lt;/ref&gt; [[Finland]] &lt;br&gt; (Xoghayaha Guud) &lt;br/&gt; Gerhard Adrian&lt;ref&gt;https://public.wmo.int/en/about-us/governance&lt;/ref&gt; [[Germany]] &lt;br&gt; (Madaxweyne)
| status = Shaqaysa hada
| established = 1950
| members= 193&lt;ref&gt;https://public.wmo.int/en/about-us/members&lt;/ref&gt;
| website = {{URL|www.wmo.int}}
| headquarters = Jeniifa, [[Switzerland]]
| parent =
| subsidiaries =
| footnotes =
}}
{{QM2}}
'''Ururka Saadasha Hawada Qaramada Midoobay''' ({{lang-en|''World Meteorological Organization''}}, loo soo gaabiyo: ('''UNIDO'''); {{lang-ar|المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد الجوية}}) waa [[hayad khaas|wakiil khaas ah]] ee Qaramada Midoobay taasi oo degan magaalada Fiyeena, [[Austriya]]. 


=Qoraalo La Xidhiidha=
*[[Qaramada Midoobay]]
*[[Bankiga Aduunka]]
*[[Ururka Caafimaadka Aduunka]]
*[[Hayada Cuntada Aduunka]]
*[[UNESCO]]
*[[UNICEF]]
*[[ICAO]]
*[[WHO]]
*[[WFP]]
{{QM}}

=Linkiyo Kale=
* [http://www.unido.org/ Official website of UNIDO]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20201109060317/https://www.makingitmagazine.net/ Website of UNIDO's Making It magazine]


=Tixraac=
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Qaramada Midoobay]][[Category:Siyaasad]]
[[Category:Ururada caalamiga ah]]
[[Category:Wadan]]
[[Category:Dhul]]{{Commons|Category:World Meteorological Organization}}</text>
      <sha1>ojmwccuceigibnhyrqe8t9mojcp7g32</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Baaskiil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18242</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311823</id>
      <parentid>260991</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T22:06:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311823</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7030" sha1="t0byuwer0ox7wh0btt7sgjus5q7vfrs" xml:space="preserve">{{Bad template}}
{{Medium low article}}
[[File:Left side of Flying Pigeon.jpg|thumb|Baaskiil kan ugu caansan caalamka waa kan shiineska ah loona yaqaan [[Flying Pigeon]], kaaso laga sameeyay 500 milyan oo xabo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Koeppel2007&quot;&gt;{{Citation |title= Flight of the Pigeon |last= Koeppel |first= Dan |magazine= [[Bicycling (magazine)|Bicycling]] |date= January–February 2007 |volume= 48 |issue= 1 |ISSN=0006-2073 |publisher= [[Rodale, Inc.]] |pages= 60–66 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=isUDAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA60 |accessdate= 2012-01-28 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|424x424px]]
[[File:Set of bicycles in Buenos Aires.JPG|thumb|Xayn Baaskiilo ah oo yaal meel ka mid ah ( [[Buenos Aires]]).|428x428px]]
[[File:Mexico City Cycling.webm|thumbnail|Dad ka wata baaskiillo [[Mexico City]].|425x425px]]
[[File:Campana clásica de bicicleta (sonido) 02.wav|thumb|Classic bell of a bicycle]]

[[File:Flickr_-_DavidDennisPhotos.com_-_Bikes_in_Luxor.jpg|thumb|baaskiillo is agyaal|422x422px]]
[[File:Winther_bicycle.jpg|thumb|bushkuleeti|420x420px]]
[[File:Pictograms-nps-bicycle_trail-2.svg|thumb|Astaanta ogolaashaha baaskiil wadoowga|270x270px]]
'''Baaskiil''', '''Bushkuleeti''' ({{lang-ar|دراجة هوائية}}; {{lang-en|bicycle}}) waa nooc ka mid ah gaadiidka oo ku shaqeeya dhaqdhaqaaq bin aadanka, waxayna shaqaysaa ama orodaa markii la cadaadiyo badeelka ku xiran siliska oo isna sii cadaadiya  giraanta (lugta) dambe ee baaskiilka,Baaskiilku waa hal raadle, macnaha hal raad buu ka tagaa, baaskiilku wuxuu ka mid yahay aaladaha aan lahayn aasaaska sugnaashaha dhinacyada, marka uu taaganayahay, wuxuuna kala mid yahay {{{mootada}}}, dhaqaaqa cagta hore iyo tan dambe aya waxaa u dhexeeya kala duwanaansho aad u yar marka uu dhaqaaqu bilaabanayo.

waxaa la sameeyay baaskiilka qarnigii 19aad [[yurub]],[[ caalamka]] waxa taala ku dhawaad [[bilyan]] iyaga ah, taaso sheegaysa in[[ baabuur]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;kiiba labo la dheeryhay, waxaa loo adeegsadaa safarka, shaqada, cayaarta caruurta, jir dhiska, ciidanka iyo booliska, boostada iyo tartanka,

baaskiilkii u horeeyay ayaa ahaa mid aan lahayn badeelada silsilada ku shaqaysa [[cadaadis]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;ka, wuxuu ka koobnaa kaliya lugo isteerin iyo haykal isku xira intaas, socdaalka waayaha ayaa keenay is bedellada ku dhacay baaskiilka, toostoosinta ama wax ku darkiisa,

baaskiilka samaytiisa ayaa waxaa keenay warshadaha oo waagaas dadka ku cusbaa, 

== Qeexida baaskiilka ==
 waa aalad socdaaleed ka samaysan labo taayar, oo taayarka dambe uu ku xiranyahya silis, kaasoo isna ku sii xiriirsan badeelada cadaadiska lugaha, lugta hore ayaa ku xiriirsan isteerinka kaasoo keena in marba aan dhinac u wadno baaskiilka, haykal bir ka samaysan ayaa isku haya intaas oo walax, wuxuuna dusha gadaal ku leeyahay kursi uu ku fariisto wadaha baaskiilka, baaskiilka ayaa ka kooban intaan  hoose:
* [[lugo]] ([[taayar]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;o)
* [[silsilad]]
* [[badeelo]]
* [[kursi]]
* iyo [[isteerin]]&lt;br&gt;qaar ayaa leh [[farriin]], [[toosh]][[layr|,]] [[diinimo]] ku shaqeeya, iyo [[hoon]] ama [[gambaleel]].

== Taariikhda Baaskiilka ==
baaskiilka aad taqaanid maanta marki u horaysay waxaa iskudayay sameyntiisa [[itaaliyaan]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;kii la oran jiray[[ Leonardo da Vinci]] dhamaadkii qarnigii 15aad, fikradaas ayaan dadka soo jiidan loomana riyaaqin , waa la iska hilmamay ilaa la soo cusbooneeyay qarnigii 18aad, [[de sivrak]] oo [[faransiis]] ahaa ayaa soo shaac bixiyay baaskiil aan isteerin badeelo iyo silsilad midna lahayn, oo lagu dhaqaajinayo lugaha oo dhulka lagu dhifto wuxuuna u bixiyay  '''célérifére.'''&lt;div&gt;'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
[[File:Michauxjun.jpg|right|thumb|200x200px|baaskiil 1868]]
wixii waagaas ka dambeeayay ayaa hadba is badallo lagu samaynayay baaskiilka, isteerinka ayaa lagu daray sanadkii 1813 markii nin jarmalka u dhashay u hagaajiyay, 1839 ayaa nin faransiis ah u sameeyay badeelada iyo dhamaan qalabka baaskiilka, 


== Farrin ama bareeg ==
[[File:Brake.agr-edit.jpg|thumb|fariinka baaskiilka]]
waxaa la qaban karaa fariinka ama&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.studytroopers.com/magni-patra-lekhan-in-marathi/ |access-date=2022-06-18 |archive-date=2022-08-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809012010/https://www.studytroopers.com/magni-patra-lekhan-in-marathi/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; bireega markii loo baahdo in la dhimo orodka ama la hakiyo baaskiilka, waxaa hore u jiray bareeg ku dhex samaysnaa siliska oo halistiisu badneed, waxa ugu fiican bareega cinjirka ka samaysan ee taayarka dambe birtiisa qabta markii fareenka la qabto,

[[File:Shimano_xt_rear_derailleur.jpg|right|282x282px|siliska baaskiilka]]

== wax tarka baaskiilka ==
[[File:Cycliste_à_place_d'Italie-Paris.jpg|thumb|232x232px|Qof dumar ah oo wadata baaskiil]]
faaiidooyinka baaskeelka waxaa ka mida
* shaqo galinta iyo wanaajinta jirka adanaha oo dhan, si loo helo caafimaad waxa kugu filan toban daqiiqo maalinkii
* isku dheeli tirnaanta hab dhismeedka jirka 
* xoojinta murqaha, wareega [[dhiig]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;a, kala goysyada jirka, hadii 10 daqiiqo lagu dadaalo.&lt;br&gt;
* gubida baruurta wadnaha iyo dardar galinta shaqada wadnaha
* firfircoonida jirka iyo miisaan dhimista
* iyo inuu yahay gaadiid si fudud kuu geyn kara meel dheer iyo meel dhowba.

== Dhibta baaskiilka u keeno caruurta ==
[[File:Half_Wheeler_-_bike.JPG|thumb|398x398px|barida caruurta baaskiil]]
ka dhicida ama meel kula dhicida baaskiilka,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://hindivyanjan.com/sacha-dharm-konsa-hai/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |archive-date=2023-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404061027/https://hindivyanjan.com/sacha-dharm-konsa-hai/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; waxaana ugu daran markay baabuur ama walax kale oo rooraya kula dhacaan, taaso keenta &lt;ref&gt;[https://cpsblaunchpad.com/workforce-optimization-software-eleveo/ Workforce optimization software eleveo] {{Wayback|url=https://cpsblaunchpad.com/workforce-optimization-software-eleveo/ |date=20230526133141 }}&lt;/ref&gt;dhimasho 10%.


* [[Tour de France]]

==  Sidoo kale eeg ==
* [[baaskiil fuul]]
* [[mooto]]
* aalad
* baabuur
* isteerin
* farriin

== tixraac ==
* [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g200902/A-Bicycle-That-Sharpens-Knives/ A Bicycle That Sharpens Knives]

* barahaan booqo
* [http://www.yasa.org/ar/Sectiondet.aspx?id2...id  www.yasa.org/ar]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 
* [http://www.arab-cyc.net/vb/showthread.php?1946-IssCiE  www.arab-cyc.net]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://www.aawsat.com/details.asp?section  www.aawsat.com]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [[:en:Dynamo| en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamo]]
* [http://aljariyat.net/wp/  www.aljariyat.net] {{Wayback|url=http://aljariyat.net/wp/ |date=20170910040035 }}
*

== Tixraac ==
&lt;references /&gt;[https://www.productvisits.com/sacha-dharm-konsa-hai/ Sacha Dharam koun sa hai] {{Wayback|url=https://www.productvisits.com/sacha-dharm-konsa-hai/ |date=20230423101212 }}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Nacayb</title>
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      <text bytes="7846" sha1="fctcixrrwe55r7l5cgssgu4rqbsnvgu" xml:space="preserve">[[Nacayb]] (af-ingiriis: hate, [[carabi]]: الكره) waa qiiro dibu gurasho oo uu la socdo dhibsi daran, iyo didid iyo cadawtooyo ama naxariis darro loo hayo qof ama walax ama ifafaale muuqda, waxaa la socdo doonid ka dheeraansho waxaas la nacayo, ama jelaanta baabiinta iyo tirtiridiisa, nacaybka ayaa ka dhalan kara cabsi ama xasuusta wax xun oo dhacday waqti hore, waxaa kaloo ka dhashaa qof si xun ula macaamilay qofkaas wax nacaya, nacaybka ayaa ka imaan kara dhinac kala duwanaansho caqiido iyo kala duwanaasho aragti.

Ereyga '''Nacayb''' ayaa mar mar loo adeegsadaa walax aan saas loo nacbayn oo la dhibsanyo uun. sida xili gooreed ka mida xiliyada aduunka sida qabowga ama kulaylka, nooc ka mida cuntada, ama jaad ka mida dharka, urta, maqalka, taabashada.

Yehowah nacaybka wuu ka saari doonaa qalbiyada dadka. Ma ahan inaan dadka ugu kala eexano midabkooda jidhka; waa inay bartaan inay nacaan wuxuu Ilaahay neceb yahay. Ma ahan inaan dadka ugu kala eexano midabkooda jidhka. Run diinta waa inay bartaan inay nacaan wuxuu [[Ilaahay]] neceb yahay.

== Neceb Waxa Eebbe Neceb yahay ==
* Dil
* Anshax xumada galmada
* Jinni -nimo
* Cibaadada
* Balwad
* Xatooyo
* Beenta
* Damaca
* Rabshad
* Af xumo iyo xanta
* Isticmaalka qaldan ee dhiigga
* Diidmada bixinta qoyskaaga
* Ku lug lahaanshaha dagaallada ama siyaasadda
* Sigaar -cabista iyo ku -xadgudubka mukhaadaraadka

== Aragtida Islaamka ee nacaybka ==
&lt;div&gt;
Islaamku intuusan iman ka hor waxa jiray nacayb iyo colaad u dhexysay dadkii waqtigaas joogay ee carabta iyo cajamta ahaa, markay islaamka soo wada galeen waxaa ka baxay halkaas nacaybkii u dhexeyay oo ay sababta u ahayd diin la'aanta iyo gaalnimada,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.habous.gov.ma/daouat-alhaq/item/3209 |access-date=2016-02-17 |archive-date=2016-05-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505200759/http://www.habous.gov.ma/daouat-alhaq/item/3209 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;Islaamka ayaa dadka simay una sheegay inay isku jeclaadaan diin iskuna nacaan diin xumo, islaamka ayaa diiday dadka in lagu noco xag abuuris iyo lixaad yari,&lt;div&gt;islaamku ma ogola in dadka lagu noco cid ama qabiil ama jinsi iyo farac, ilaahay wuxuu leeyahay (إنما المؤمنون إخوة فأصلحوا بين أخويكم واتقو الله لعلكم ترحمون) xadiis nabiga scw laga wariyay ayaa ahaa لا تباغضوا، ولا تحاسدوا، ولا تدابروا، ولا تقاطعوا، وكونوا عباد الله إخواناً، ولا يحل لمسلم أن يهجر أخاه فوق ثلاث&quot; oo la micno ah ha is u caroonina, ha is xaasidina, ha isu daba jeedinina, ha is goynina, oo ahaada adoomo alle oo waloolo ah, uma banaana muslinka inuu walaalkiis ka fogaado in ka badan sadex maalin.&lt;ref&gt;http://fatwa.islamweb.net/fatwa/index.php?page=showfatwa&amp;Option=FatwaId&amp;Id=1642{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sideedaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;, qofka muslinka ah qabiilkiisa jinsiyadiisa waa caqiidadiisa.&lt;/div&gt;islaamku wuxuu sheegay in kaliya lagu kala sareeyo cabsida alle, ayna simanyihiin carab, afrikaan, faarisi, ruumaan, dadku markay diinta ka yara durkeen ayaa waxaa soo laabtay nacaybkii macno darrada ku fadhiyay.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.habous.gov.ma/daouat-alhaq/item/3209 |access-date=2016-02-17 |archive-date=2016-05-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505200759/http://www.habous.gov.ma/daouat-alhaq/item/3209 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nacaybka ka dhex dhaca lamaanaha ==
lamaanaha ayaa is naca markii midkood la yimaado culays uu ku hayo kan kale ama danayn la'aan iyo ixtiraam la'aan, nacaybkaas oo keena in gurigu burburo laguna kala tago,
nacaybka ka dhex dhaca lamaanaha ayaa u qaybsama mid qalbi ahaaneed iyo naf ahaaneed, kan qalbigu waa jacaylkiyoo meesha ka baxay, kan nafeedna waa qof dhaqankiis ama qaab samayskiisa oo la naco, in kastoo ay jiraan in qofka lagu nici karo wax lga ag waayay sida hanti iyo sharaf lana  jeclaan wax agtiisa yaal dartood sida hanti iyo magac.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://saaid.net/mktarat/alzawaj/35.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

=== '''Waxyaabaha keena is nacaybka lamaanaha:'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; ===
* wax isku sheegid la,aanta wanaaga oon la is farin xumaantana aan la iska reebin
* lamaanaha mid ka mida oo wixii xaq lagu lahaa oo laga waayo, sida ninka oo laga waayo nafaqadii cida iyo dhaqankii guriga.
* masayrka xad dhaafka ah ee ka yimaada labada dhinac siiba xaga dumarka.
* sir oon la qarin labada dhinacna ka dhici kara.
* ceebo laga dido oo xag abuuris ah sida xanuuno iyo cudurro aan daawo lahayn.
* khiyaano lagu dhaco.
* gogosha oo la isku baneeyo sabab la'aan.

=== '''Siyaabaha qarsoon ee keena nacaybka:'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; ===
* jacayl isu muujin la'aan.
* xasilooni iyo degenaansho dareemid la'aan iyo shaki la iska qabo ah in khiyaano jirto.
* Qofkii oon sheegan karin waxa uu markaas jecelyahay dhinaca kalana uusan la fahmaynin. taaso ugu dambayn keenta nacayb xad dhaaf ah.
* is waafaqid iyo is fahan la,aan
* dulqaad yarida,
* caddaysi la'aan iyo heshiis la'aan. (nidaam lagu wada socdo oon jirin)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Soomaalida iyo Nacaybka ==
Sida la wada ogyahay mar hadddii dadku diintooda ka runsheegaan oo caqiidadu si fiican uga daadagto waxaa ka baxaya haraadigii aragtiyaha xun xun, iyo qiimayntii khaldanayd ee wax lagu miisaami jiray, 

=== Isir nacaybka iyo habyb sooca: ===
soomaalida ayaa caan ku ah labadaas wa waxyaalood waxaan keenaya diin yarida iyo ka fogaanshaha ku dhaqanka islaamka runta ah, canuga yar meeshii lagu tarbiyayn lahaa barashada diinta iyo jacaylka wixii la mabda' ah waxaa loo sheegayaa '''reer hebel''' waa cadowgeenna, waan necebnahay, waligaa iska jir iskana ilaali,  ilmihii yaraa wuxuu ku korayaa qolo nacayb uusan fasiri karin waxa dhaliyay, iyo waxa ku kalifay midna, markuu u yaraado wuxuu dhihi karaa colaad baa na dhex martay waa' hore, oo colaada qof baad ka tahaye maxaa u wada nacday cidaas oo dhan?, dad aan raali ka ahayn colaadaas sow ma jiri karaan? oo bal ka waran hadii reerkiin dulmiga lahaa, waa wax aan la sheegi karin, gabyaa carbeed oo joogay waqtigii jaahiliga ayaa laga sheegay inuu yiri '''(anigu &quot;ghazya' uun baan ka mid ahay, haday lunta iyo haday hanuunto ayaga uun baan la jiraa''') '''ghazya'''  waa reerkiisa, waa indho la'aanta qabyaalada iyo mabda' la'aanta.. carabta waxaa astaan u ahaa waagaas ('''u gargaar walaalkaa haduu gardaran yahay iyo hadii laga gardaranyahayba''') waana tabta soomaali ku sifaysantahay soomaalida maanta joogta.

=== See looga bixi karaa hayb nacaybka ===
Arrinta qabyaalada la yiraahdo waa wax xun, si walboo talooyin aan wax gal ahayn oon loola jeedin run ahaanteeda loo soo bandhigo iyo si walboo buug looga qoro aan lagu salayn mabda' iyo caqiidio wax hagaagaya ma jiraan ilaa loo laabto islaamka saxda ah iyo ku dhaqankiisa,

islaamku sida uu u walaaleeyay '''aws''' iyo '''khasraj''' (labo qabiil oo walalo is neceb ahaa oo degenaa magaalada Madiina) waa la ogaa oo colaad 120 sano ah dhextaalay, sida ruum iyo furus iyo carab uu meel isugu keenay waa la ogaa, ma soomaali oo '''hal qoys''' ah baa meel isugu imaan wayday waa maya , waxa isu keeni karan waa ku dhaqanka iyo fahanka xaqiiqda islaamka aan sheeganayno oo baryahayaan sheegasho ku soo aruuray.

== Aragtida cilmi nafsiga ==
&lt;div&gt;
cilmi nafsiga ayaa u arka in nacaybku yahay rabida qofka inuu burburiyo meel balaayada uga imanayso.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

== Xigasho iyo tixraac ==
* '''[https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/watchtower-study-march-2021/Love-Helps-Us-to-Endure-Hatred/ Love Helps Us to Endure Hatred]'''

* [https://www.jw.org/so/markhaatiyaasha-yehowah/suʼaalaha-la-is-weyddiiyo/maxaynan-markhaatiyaasha-yehowah-dagaal-uga-qaybqaadan/ Maxaynan Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah Dagaal uga Qaybqaadan?]

* [https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1200001912 Hate]


[[Category:Dareen]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Astrid Lindgren</title>
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      <text bytes="2795" sha1="sk4hv0fl1eplzzeoxcjwe2o21sv03ek" xml:space="preserve">{{infobox writer
| name = Astrid Lindgren
| image         = Lindgren 1960.jpg
| imagesize     = 255px
| caption       = Astrid Lindgren sanadihii [[1960]]
| birth_name    = Astrid Anna Emilia Ericsson
| birth_date    = Nofembar 14, [[1907]]
| birth_place   = Vimmerby, [[Iswidhen]]
| death_date    = Janaayo 1, [[2002]]
| death_place   = [[Stockholm]], [[Iswidhen]]
| resting_place =
| occupation    = Qoraa
| language      = [[Luuqad|Swedish]]
| nationality   = Sweden
| period       = [[1944]]–[[1993]]
| genre        = Waxbarashada ciyaaalka, buugaag sawiro ah, himilo madadaalo
| subject      =
| notableworks = * Hans Christian Andersen Award [[1958]]
}} 
'''Astrid Lindgren''' ([[Iswidhan|Af Iswidhish]]: {{IPA-sv|ˈastrɪd ˈlɪŋɡreːn|lang|sv-Astrid Lindgren.ogg}}) waxay dhalatay [[1907]] waxayna dhimatay [[2002]]. Astrid waa mid ka mida dadka [[qoraaga]] ah ee ugu caansan dalka [[Iswiidhan]].

Buugaagteeda waxaa lagu turjumay in ka badan  90 luqadood oo kala duwan oo addunka ka mid ah. 

Qaar badan oo ka mida buugaagta Astrid Lindgren waxa ay noqdeen kuwa caan ah sida filimada iyo TV –yada. Qaar ka mida heesaheeda ku jira filimada waxa ay noqdeen kuwa caan ah. Astrid Lindgren ayaa aliftay heesaha, ayadoo kaalin ka helaysa dadka codka iyo muusiga sameeya. Waxaa kaloo ay samaysay riwaayado ka hadlaya filimada kala duwan ee ay buugaagteeda ka qortay.

Mid ka mid ah buugaagteeda kii ugu horeeyey  waxaa la yiraahdaa (''Barnidii iskaalshada dheereey'')  (''Pippi Långstrump)'' kaasoo la soo saaray [[1945]]. Buuggu wuxuu ku saabsan yahay gabar timo guduudan oo madax banaan (''xor ah''). Magaceeda waxaa la yiraahdaa [[Pippi Långstrump]] iyo saaxiibadeed Tommy iyo Annika. Buuggan waa midka kaliya ee lagu turjumay [[Af-Soomaali]].

Barnidii iskaalshada dheereed = Pippi Långstrump

&lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-91-974793-6-3&lt;/nowiki&gt;

91-974793-6-5     [[2009]]

Dhimashadii Astrid Lindgren ka dib waxaa la aas aasay abaal marin la bixiyo sannadkii hal mar si loogu xasuusto Astrid. Abaal marintaas waxaa la yiraahdaa ''[[Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award]] (ALMA-priset)''. Abaal marintaas waxaa la billaabay [[2003]], waxayna noqotay abaal marin buugaag oo la bixiyo mida ugu weyn addunka oo dhan, waxaana diiradda lagu saaraa buugta ka hadlaysa carruurta iyo dhallinyarada.

== Mareeg ==
* Sidan ayuu u egyahay guriga Astrid ee Stockholm: http://www.astridlindgren.se/sites/default/files/dalagatan/AL_Dalagatan_sv.html
* Halka ka daawo noloshii Astrid: http://www.astridlindgren.se/en 
==sido kale fiiri==

*[[Iswiidhan]]
== Isha uu ka yimid ==
* http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/enkel/astrid-lindgren  

* https://web.archive.org/web/20190721190258/https://www.interbib.se/WorkDetails?workid=4d32becb-fd5f-48c8-b7f7-a27d0148dd7e                 </text>
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  <page>
    <title>Moringa (geed)</title>
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      <text bytes="5450" sha1="ro7f25t0fi6kmoeae6vs8mlz5sdty3y" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Moringa_oleifera_pods_NP.JPG|thumb|''Moringa oleifera'' i Panchkhal, [[Nebal|Nepal]]|273x273px]]
Moringa (Moringa oleifera, البان  ama  المورنغا) waa geed kumanaan sano loo soo isticmaali jiray siyaabo kala duwan, cunno ahaan iyo daawo ahaanba. Waa geed la sheego inuu leeyahay boqolaal faa'ido oo aan halkaan lagu soo koobi karin, waana geed aad loogu sameeyay baaritaano [[Cilmi Baaris|cilmibaaris]] oo kaal duwan, haba u badnaan baaritaanandaas in lagu tijaabiyay [[Xayawaan|xayawaanka]]. geedkaan ayaa wxuu daawo u yahay cudurrada oo dhan wuxuuna la dagaaldaa dhamaan [[Bakteriya|bagteeriyada]] nool ee dhibta [[Noole|noolaha]] oo dhan, sida uu daawo ugu yahay nafaqo daarrada iyo abateedka wuxuu leeyahay fiitamiinno kala nooc ah oo aad u badan, waxaa ku jira 7 jibaar [[Fiitamiin|fitamin C-]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;ga laga helo [[Liin|liinta]] iyo afar jibaar [[Fiitamiin|fiitamiin A-]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;ga la ga helo [[Kaaroot|karootada]] iyo afar jibaar [[Kaalshiyaam|kaalshiyamka]] laga helo '''[[Caano|caanaha]]'''&lt;ref name=&quot;leone&quot;&gt;{{Template:Cite journal|journal=Int J Mol Sci|year=2015|volume=16|issue=6|pages=12791-835|doi=10.3390/ijms160612791|title=Cultivation, Genetic, Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Moringa oleifera Leaves: An Overview|vauthors=Leone A, Spada A, Battezzati A, Schiraldi A, Aristil J, Bertoli S|pmid=26057747|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4490473/}}&lt;/ref&gt;.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRIN&quot;&gt;{{Template:Cite web|url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?24597|title=USDA GRIN Taxonomy}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GRIN&quot; /&gt;
== Tilamaan ==
[[File:Moringa_flower_5.jpg|thumb|Ubaxa moringaha|271x271px]]
[[File:The_tree_and_seedpods_of_Moringa_oleifera.JPG|thumb|Geedka iyo miraha ''Moringa oleifera''|272x272px]]
[[File:The_seeds_of_Moringa_oleifera.JPG|thumb|miraha moringa|272x272px]]
Geedka Moringa waa geed asalkiisu ka soo jeedo dhulka hindida, waxayna u isticmaali jireen weligood in ay ku daaweeyaan xanuuno badan, waana geed meelo badan ka bixi karo haddii lagu beero oo ay ka mid tahay dhulalka soomaaliya, wayna jiraan dad guryahooda ku beertay s ay uga faa'ideystaan.

Haddii aad leedahay xanuunka wadnaha, sonkorta, dhiig-karka ama kolestaroolka, waa in geedkaan la saaxiibtaa.
Haddii ay nafaqo darri jirto ama cunnadaada aysan isu dheelli tirnayn iyaduna waa kuu muhiim in aad cunnada ku darsato.
Midda ku saabsan welwelka, waxuu ka mid yahay waxyaabaha badan ee la sheego in lagu daweeyo, laakiin ma arag cilmibaaris u gaar ah arrintaan oo ku talinayso in daawo welwel ahaan loo qaato.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://morgenisnu.nl/blog/moringa-wat-is-het-precies/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://somalidoc.com/smf/index.php/board,31.0.html |access-date=2016-04-29 |archive-date=2016-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421144052/http://somalidoc.com/smf/index.php/board,31.0.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://somalidoc.com/smf/index.php?topic=6743.0 |access-date=2016-04-29 |archive-date=2019-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190818213946/http://somalidoc.com/smf/index.php?topic=6743.0 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Waxtarkiisa ==
* Moringa waa geed aad u nafaqo badan: hal koob oo caleenta geedka markii la shiido waxaa ku jiro 2 gram oo protein ah, Vitamin B6 19%, [[Fiitamiin|Vitamin]] C 12%, Bir 11%, Vitamin A 9% iyo Magnesium 8%. waa geed caleentiisu iyo jiridkiisuba aysan kala yaraysan xaggan nafaqada. waxaa jiro kaniiniyo capsule ah oo laga sameeyay caleenta geedka oo la shiiday, loona adeegsado fitamiin ahaan, waxaana la siiyaa dadka nafaqo darrida hayso.
* Moringa waxaa ka buuxo waxa loo yaqaano 'Antioxidant': waa walxo jirka kala dagaallama wixii sun ku ah, sidaas darteed walxahaas uu la dagaallamo waxay keenaan wadna xanuunka iyo sokorta nooca 2, walxaha la dagaallamo sunta oo laga helay geedkaan waxaa loo yaqaanaa &quot;Quercetin&quot; iyo &quot;Chlorogenic acid&quot; kan hore wuxuu hoos u dhigaa dhiig karka, kan dambane wuxuu hoos u dhigaa sokorta khaasatan markii wax la cuno kadib, si marka maadadaan faa'idada leh jirkaaga in ku filan aad u heshid, waxaa lagu taliyaa hal qaado oo budada geedka shiidan in aad maalin walba isticmashid muddo sadax bilood oo isku xiga.
* Moringa wuxuu hoos u dhigaa sokorta: dhowr baaritaan oo lagu sameeyay dad qaba sokorta, waxaa la arkay in sokorotoodii aysan u kicin siday u kici jirtay, daawadii ay qaadan jireene cabirkeedii hoos u dhigmay, isbadalka la arkay waxay ahayd in sokorta hoos u dhacday boqolkiiba 21% markii la isticmaalay 50 grams muddo 3 bilood ah.
* Geedika Moringa wuxuu hoos u dhigaa infekshanka: khaasatan infekshanka qofka muddada dheer soo hayay oo difaaca jirka la qabsaday waxay ku caawisaa in awooda difaaca jirka ay kordhiso si infekshanka heerkisia loo yareeyo, maadada ku jirto geedka oo difaaca kordhiso waxaa loo yaqaanaa &quot;Isothiocyanates&quot;
* Moringa wuxuu hoos u dhigaa kolestaroolka: diraasado kala duwan oo lagu sameeyay xayawaanka iyo bini'aadankaba waxaa lagu arkay in kolestarool ama dufanka dhiiga uu hoos u dhacay markii la siiyay geedka Moringa.
* Moringa wuxuu jirka ka ilaaliyaa sunta loo yaqaano &quot;Arsenic&quot;: suntaan oo siyaabo kala duwan qofka u soo gaari karto, haddii ay dhacdane badin karto jaaniska inuu qofka kansar ku dhaco, waxaa la arkay dadka isticmaalka Morniga joogteeyo in ay sunta ka hortag uga tahay.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRIN&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
*

== Tixraac ==
{{Reflist|2}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Dastuurka Somaliland</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="6340" sha1="13ngngnco7mxxeobp0uuwfh46pw36cc" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox constitution
| image                = Somaliland Constitution Presidential Decree.jpg
| image_alt            =
| caption              = Presidential decree ratifying the Somaliland constitution voted by the people of Somaliland
| orig_lang_code       =
| title_orig           =
| jurisdiction         = [[Somaliland|Republic of Somaliland]]
| subordinate_to       =
| date_created         = 16 February 1997&lt;ref&gt;http://www.somalilandlaw.com/DASTUURKII_HORE_EE_SOMALILAND_1997_-_2000.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
| date_presented       = 2000&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.slnec.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Dastuurka-Jamhruuyiradda-Somaliland.pdf |access-date=2021-02-22 |archive-date=2023-05-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520114756/https://www.slnec.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Dastuurka-Jamhruuyiradda-Somaliland.pdf |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| date_ratified        = 30 APRIL 2000
The two Houses of the Somaliland Parliament, in a joint session, approved a new Constitution consisting of 130 articles. It was submitted by 24 members previously appointed by both Houses to review the Constitution.
On 4 May, the chairmen of both Houses signed the new Constitution.
On 7 May, the presiding officers of both Houses of Parliament submitted five copies of the new Constitution to the President of Somaliland.
| date_effective       =13 June 2001
Somaliland Supreme Court Approved and declared the result of the Referendum of the Constitution MS/GMS/G-7/134/2001.
| system               = [[Constitutional law|Constitutional]] [[presidential system|presidential]] [[republic]]
| branches             = 3
| chambers             = [[Parliament of Somaliland|Bicameral]]
| executive            = [[President of Somaliland|President]]
| courts               = [[Supreme Court of Somaliland|Supreme]]
| federalism           =
| electoral_college    =
| number_entrenchments =
| date_legislature     =
| date_first_executive =
| date_first_court     =
| date_repealed        =
| number_amendments    =
| date_last_amended    =
| citation             = {{citation|url= http://garyaqaankaguud.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Dastuurka-Jamhuuriyadda-Somaliland.-2001-pdf.pdf|title= {{small|The Constitution of Somaliland}}|date= 2016-06-01|ciwaan= Nuqul Archive|access-date= 2021-02-22|archive-date= 2021-11-03|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211103013743/http://garyaqaankaguud.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Dastuurka-Jamhuuriyadda-Somaliland.-2001-pdf.pdf|dead-url= yes}}
| location_of_document =
| commissioned         =
| writer               =
| signers              = [[Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal]]
| media_type           =
| supersedes           =
}}

{{Siyaasadda Somaliland}}
'''Dastuurka Somaliland''' ({{lang-en|Constitution of Somaliland}}; {{lang-ar|دستور صوماليلاند }}) waa [[dastuur]]ka dowliga ah ee [[Somaliland|Jamhuuriyada Somaliland]] kaasi oo lagu ansixiyay Golayaasha oo ka mid ah [[Baarlamaanka Somaliland]] markey taariikhdu ahayd 30 April 2000. Dastuurka ayaa waxaa la ansixiyey in Somaliland aftida dastuurka qabtay on May 31, 2001 marka 97% ka mid ah codbixiyayaasha ayaa u codeeyay in ay Nicmada. Its version dib-u-soo daabacay ka kooban Hordhaca ah (Arar) iyo shan cutubyada ugu weyn (Qaybo) kuwaasoo mid walba uu yahay sub-qaybsan [[: wikt: qayb | Qaybo]] (Xubno). Hadda waxaa jira guud ahaan 130 Articles (Qodobo) marka loo eego hore 156 Articles.

== Taariikh ==

[[Somaliland]] ayaa dukumentiyada kale ee dastuuriga ah ee muhiimadda taariikhiga ah oo ka heshiisyada caalamiga ah ee ay beelaha Somaliland kala duwan saxiixday dawladda Britain u dhaxayn, iyo diyaarinta dastuurka kala duwan ka hor xornimada 1960 in Declaration of Dib-u-caddaynta of Xukunka ee 1991 (Burco) oo ka mid ah shirarka horeyn grand oo ka mid ah beelaha Somaliland. Inkastoo Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland wuxuu ahaa madax-bannaan muddo gaaban ee June 1960, waxaa ka dib midaysan la [[Talyaani Somaliland]] si ay u sameeyaan Soomaaliya. Inta lagu jiro muddada gaaban in dastuurka dhamaystiran ma la ansixiyay. The [[State of Somaliland]] lahaa gaar Dastuurka waxaa la qoray horraantii 1960-kii, oo ahaa kooban meel.

Qoraalka waxa ugu horeeya ugu weyn ee Dastuuriga ah ee Somaliland oo madaxbanaan ahaa Axdiga Qaranka (Axdi Qaran), kaas oo lagu saxiixay Shirkii Beelaha Somaliland ee 1993 ee [[Borama]]. Taasi waxaa xigay dastuurka Somaliland ugu horeeyay, taas oo la ansixiyay ee shirka ee Beelaha Somaliland ee [[Hargeysa]] ee February 1997. Si waafaqsan qodobkiisa 151, Dastuurka oo ka koobnaa 156 qodob, dastuurka waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu dhaqmo muddo saddex sanno oo ku meel gaadh ah, mudadaana hadii lagu qaban kari waayo afti dadweyne waxaa muddo kordhin u samaynaya labada gole Baarlamaan ka ansixiyo in February 1997 iyo dhaqan gelin doonaa si buuxda mar [[afti]] ayaa lagu qabtay. Waxaa jiray Rizqi muddo ku meel gaadhka ah in la kordhay labada Gole ee Baarlamaanka, iyo horraantii 2000, labada Gole codeeyay in muddada la kordhiyo by hal sano. Tani ugu horeyn waxay ahayd in la siiyo waqti dheeraad ah, waayo, dhamaystirka dib u eegis dastuurka (ka hor soo gudbinta qaranka ee Aftida ) iyo gelinaya meel xeerarka iyo hababka loogu talo galay beddelidda &quot;wakiil&quot; dimuqraadiyadda jirta Somaliland si dimuqraadiyada ah oo caan ah oo ku salaysan doorashada tooska ah [[Madaxweynaha Somaliland]] iyo [[Baarlamaanka Somaliland]].

Inkasta oo markii hore ay dawladda Somaliland la soo jeediyay si cadaalad ah beddelka ballaaran in dastuurka sanadkii 1999, dastuurka kama dambaysta ah dib loogu ma aha mid ka duwan mid ka mid ah la soo dhaafay iyo hoos u of tirada articles ka 156 si ay u 130 ayaa inta gaari by isku darka ah ee articles qaar ka mid ah, halkii by nasakhayaa ballaaran. Si ka duwan soo jeedinta hore qabyada ah, ee qeybo ka mid ah dastuurka la xidhiidha mabaadi'da dardaaran iyo xuquuqda aadanaha ayaa lagu soo celiyay.  oo dhan, dib kor u hagaajinaya dastuurka oo aan isbeddel asaasi ah ayaa la sameeyey.

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
==External links==
* [http://www.somalilandlaw.com/somaliland_constitution.htm#Top Constitution in English]
{{Africa in topic|Constitution of}}

[[Category:Dawladda Somaliland]]
[[Category:Dastuurka]]

[https://www.academia.edu/178728094/CONSTITUTIONAL_HISTORY_OF_THE_REPUBLIC_OF_SOMALILAND_1960_2001_Compiled_and_Written_by]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>RPK (qori)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19614</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311988</id>
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[[File:Machine Gun RPK.jpg|thumb|QAsnad canjeero]]
[[File:Batalionul 191 infanterie 50.jpg|thumb|Batalionul 191 infanterie 50]]

'''RPK '''oo [[Soomaali|soomaalidu]] ugu dhawaaqdo  '''(Aar Bee Keey) ''' ({{lang-en|'''RPK Machine gun'''}}) waa qori gacmeed darandoori ah, waxaa sameeyay [[Midowga Sofiyet|midowga sofiyet]] sanadkii [[1961]], wuxuuna hawl galay sanadkii [[1964]] waxaa lagu soo bandhigay ciida shaqaalaha sanadkii [[1966]] barxada cas ee [[Moskow|Moosko]], wuxuu noqday [[Qori|qoriga]] ay qaataan ciidanka isbahaysiga waarso, waxaa lagu bedelay [[RPK-74]] oo ah 5.45mm maanta waxaa ku hubaysab ciidanka Saldhiga bari,

Qorigan ayaa qaata rasaasta [[AK-47|'''Akaha''']] qasnadiisu waxay qaadaa afartan mida duubanna waa 50 baalooto.

== Wadamada adeegsada ==
* [[Bulgaria]]
* [[Afgaanistan]]
* [[Albania]]
* [[Kambodiya]]
* [[Kamiruun]]
* [[Jamhuuriyadda Bartamaha Afrika]]
* [[Jad]]
* [[Kab Ferde]]
* [[Komoros]]
* [[Kuuba]]
* [[Jabuuti]]
* [[Masar]]
* [[Ikweetiga Guinea]]
* [[Itoobiya]]
* [[Guinea-Bissau]]
* [[Hungary]]
* [[Iiraan]]
* [[Ciraaq]]
* [[Latfiya]]
* [[Libiya]]
* [[Malaysiya]]
* [[Maali]]
* [[Malta]]
* [[Mongolia]]
* [[Marooko]]
* [[Musanbiig]]
* [[Nikaragua]]
* [[Nayjeeriya]]
* [[Waqooyiga Kuuriya]]
* [[Midowga Sofiyet]]
* [[Romania]]
* [[Ruushka]]
* [[Siishilis]]
* [[Sierra Leone]]
* [[Soomaaliya]]
* [[Suudaan]]
* [[Suuriya]]
* [[Zimbabawi]]
* [[Tansaaniya]]
* [[Usbekistan]]
* [[Fiyetnam]]
* [[Yemen|Yemen]][[#cite_note-jones2009-1|&lt;span class=&quot;mw-reflink-text&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[1]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]
{{Gumud}}
[[Category:Hub]]
[[Category:Qori]]
== Tixraac ==

== Xiriiriye Dibadeed ==
* [http://www.scribd.com/doc/31412325/Soviet-RPK-47-Light-Machine-Gun- N. Manual-Kalashnikov-1973 Soviet RPK Manual Covering Operation and Repair]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20230420203130/http://www.enemyforces.com/firearms/rpk.htm EnemyForces.com]
* [http://world.guns.ru/machine/mg15-e.htm Modern Firearms—RPK] {{Wayback|url=http://world.guns.ru/machine/mg15-e.htm |date=20070701112816 }}
* [http://world.guns.ru/machine/mg16-e.htm Modern Firearms—RPK-74] {{Wayback|url=http://world.guns.ru/machine/mg16-e.htm |date=20080913183205 }}
* [http://kalashnikov.guns.ru/models/ka140.html Kalashnikov.guns.ru] {{Wayback|url=http://kalashnikov.guns.ru/models/ka140.html |date=20070929122218 }}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2c0yC3bMUQ Video of operation (RPK-74)]&lt;span&gt; على &lt;/span&gt;[[Youtube|يوتيوب]] (يابانية)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Degmada Baki</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20161</id>
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      <text bytes="11390" sha1="bc8svxbr30h7gxryf1dqwjl22gv2rne" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Degmada Baki
| other_name         = 
| native_name        = 
| nickname           = 
| settlement_type    = [[Qaybaha maamulka Somaliland|Degmo]]
| motto              = 
| image_skyline      = Baki Awdal.jpg
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_map          = Baki in Awdal (Somaliland).svg
| mapsize            = 200px
| map_caption        = Degmada Baki oo ku taal [[Awdal]], Somaliland
| pushpin_map        =Somaliland 
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = 
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Somaliland}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Gobolada Somaliland|Gobolka]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Awdal]]
| subdivision_type2  = Caasimada
| subdivision_name2  = [[Baki|Baki]]
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = 
| leader_name        = 
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| area_magnitude     = 
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_total_km2     = 3,420
| area_land_km2      = 
| population_as_of   = 2019
| population_footnotes = &lt;ref name=&quot;docs.unocha.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.unocha.org/sites/dms/Somalia/UNDP-POP-RURAL-URBAN%202005.pdf |title=Regions, districts, and their populations: Somalia 2005 (draft) |website=[[United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs]] |publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]] |access-date=31 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728203029/https://docs.unocha.org/sites/dms/Somalia/UNDP-POP-RURAL-URBAN%202005.pdf |archive-date=28 July 2017 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 148,702
| population_density_km2 = 43.48
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| coordinates        = {{coord|10.28595|43.73256|display=inline,title}} 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| elevation_ft       = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = 
| blank_name         = 
| blank_info         = 
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
| name               = 
}}
'''Baki District''' ([[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]: Degmada Baki ) waa degmo ku taal gobolka [[Awdal]] ee galbeedka [[Somaliland]].

==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Baki waxa dega faraca Reer Nuur ee Makaahiil iyo Reer Maxamed oo ka tirsan beelaha Mahad Case ee beesha Gadabuursi Dir
==Duqa magaalada==
*Idiris Faarax Rooble 2002 

*Saleebaan Maxamuud Aadan 2016
==Macdanta==
Buuraha Siimoodi oo 48 KM dhanka bari kaga beegan tuulada Baki, ayaa muddo dheer loo isticmaali jiray miinada. Waagii hore Coltan iyo agab kale ayaa laga soo qodi jiray, waayadan Berrillium ayaa laga soo qodaa oo waxa la yidhaahdaa Siimoodi Beryllium Mining Site. 
Xuquuqda macdan qodista waa adag tahay.

Xukuumadda Somaliland ayaa xaquuqda macdan qodista siisay hay’adda ARC ee laga leeyahay dalka Shiinaha, hase yeeshee, beelaha deegaanka ayaa ka cawday in aan faa’iidada ka soo baxda dib loogu celin bulshada deegaankaas. 
Dawladda Somaliland ayaa si hufan u maamusha degmada Baki, markaa Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya ayaan haba yaraatee wax maamul ah oo dhab ah ka haysan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jiray wada hadal u dhaxeeyay Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda ee Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya iyo Safiirka Shiinaha oo ku saabsanaa xuquuqda miinada. 
Qabiilada deegaanku waa Reer Maxamed iyo Reer Nuur. Labadan beelood waa laamo ka tirsan beesha Gadabuursi , balse miinada waxaa iska leh beesha Reer Maxamed, waxaana jira walaac ku saabsan colaada ka taagan Tareenka Reer Nuur.
Dhalinyaro gudaha iyo dibadaba ah ayaa cabasho ka muujiyey wasakhda ka dhalatay macdanta beryllium. Waxaana la sheegay in Qurbo-jooga Ajaanibka ah iyo Masuuliyiinta Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya ee ka soo horjeeda Madax-bannaanida Somaliland ay arrintan ku xad-gudbeen. 
==2005 doorashadii baarlamaanka Somaliland==
Doorashadii golaha wakiilada Somaliland ee 2005 , waxa laga soo sheegay jahawareer ka dhacay degmada Baki.

Dadweyne aad u tiro badan ayaa isugu soo baxay goobta doorashada, waxaana meelaha qaar ka dhacay gacan ka hadal. Tallaabooyin ayaa la qaaday si looga hortago codbixin badan iyadoo la marinayo khad fluorescent ah faraha kuwa hore u codeeyay, laakiin jeegaggu kuma filna. Tirada codadka la dhiibtay ayaa ahayd mid aad u saraysa si aan caadi ahayn marka loo eego natiijadii codbixintii 2003dii. Sidoo kale, waxaa goobaha codbixinta gacan ka geysanayay xubno ka socday xisbiyada siyaasadda qaarkood. Qaar ka mid ah goobaha cod bixinta ayaan si degdeg ah loo furin, waxaana goobta codbixinta ee Dila ay ku jirtay nasasho laba saacadood ah, kaddib markii la xiray goobaha codbixinta oo shaah lagu cabay, laguna cuni jiray qaadka . 
==Taariikhda==
Daraasad la sameeyay 1996kii ayaa lagu sheegay in cudurka Duumada oo aan caadi ahayn uu ka dhacay Baki iyo Boorama , iyadoo xaaladaha qaarkood ay ahaayeen kuwo aad u daran. 
1999kii, FAO waxa ay bilowday mashruuc lagu dayactirayo daaqa iyo daaqa ee degmooyinka Boorama iyo Baki. 
Sannadkii 2002-dii waxa shir ay isugu yimaaddeen Maayarada Degmooyinka Gabiley iyo Baki, kaas oo lagaga arrinsanayey khilaafkooda, waxaana dhexdhexaadinaysay Wasaaradda Arrimaha Gudaha Somaliland. Kulankaas ayuu maayarka degmada Baki ka codsaday in lala soo gaaro gargaar bini’aadantinimo oo ka dhan ah cudurrada faafa iyo abaaraha. 
Sannadkii 2003-dii waxa degmooyinka Baki iyo Boorama laga bilaabay hawlo lagu horumarinayo caafimaadka iyo daryeelka iyada oo ay iska kaashanayaan Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Somaliland iyo Hay’adda Caafimaadka Adduunka ee WHO. Tallaalka iyo tallaabooyinka lagula dagaallamayo biyaha wasakhaysan ayaa la qorsheeyay. 
Bishii December 2006, guddoomiye ku-xigeenka Xisbiga Dimuqraadiga ee United Peoples' Democratic Party ayaa ku eedeeyay Badhasaabka Awdal inuu ku kacayo khiyaamo la xidhiidha dhismaha jidka isku xidha Baki iyo Boorama, balse Badhasaabka Awdal ayaa arrintaas gaashaanka ku dhuftay. 
Bishii Abriil 2009, dagaal ayaa ka qarxay xadka u dhexeeya degmooyinka Gabiley iyo Baki.
Bishii May 2013, Wasiirka Wasaaradda Beeraha Somaliland ayaa soo kormeeray khasaaraha ka dhashay fatahaadaha iyo cayayaan ka soo rogmaday degmooyinka Baki iyo Boorama.
Bishii Oktoobar 2014, Wasiirka Macdanta iyo Tamarta Somaliland ayaa shir jaraa’id oo uu qabtay ku sheegay in sahan dhinaca macdanta ah oo ay samaysay Shirkadda Khayraadka Afrika ee Shiinaha (ARC) ay keentay cabasho ka timid dadka deegaanka oo sheegay in waxyeello deegaanka ahi ay dhacayso.
Bishii December 2015, shir ka dhacay Boorama, ayaa lagu sheegay in FAO ay maal-gelisay 80 beeraley ah oo ku nool degmada Baki. 
Bishii Maarso 2016, shirkad Shiinees ah oo macdanta ka shaqeysa ayaa magaalada Siimoodi ee degmada Baki ka dhistay dhismo afar dabaq ah oo loogu talagalay dugsi dhexe, kaasoo ay dhigtaan in ka badan 100 arday. 
Bishii Agoosto 2017, baabuur uu la socday maayar ku xigeenka degmada Baki ayaa ciidamada booliska Boorama ay xidheen; maayar ku xigeenka waa la sii daayay balse gaadhigii ayaa loo soo diray Hargeysa. Ugaasyo, Cuqaal, iyo Aqoonyahano ka soo jeeda degmada Baki ayaa isugu yimid shir arrintan ku saabsan. 
Bishii Sebtembar 2017, Roobab ka da’ay Gobolka Awdal ayaa dilay saddex qof, laba kalena dhaawac ayaa ka soo gaaray degmadda Baki, ka dib markii ay biriq ku dhacday. 
Bishii November 2018, Wasiirka Horumarinta Beeraha Somaliland ayaa booqday tuulada Ruqi oo ka tirsan degmada Baki oo ay waxyeello ka soo gaadhay duufaanno , isagoo dhagax-dhigay dib u dhis lagu samaynayo waraabkii burburay. Shaqada waxaa maalgeliya Golaha Qaxootiga Norway , waxaana taageera dawladda Ingiriiska iyo beeralayda maxalliga ah. 
Bishii Agoosto 2021, guddiga hanti-dhawrka Somaliland ayaa baadhay eedaymo ku takri-fal awoodeed iyo musuqmaasuq oo ay waaxda fulinta ka fulisay magaalada Baki iyo xadhig sharci-darro ah oo lagula kacay odayaasha deegaanka. 
Bishii December ee sanadkii 2021-kii, waxaa degmada Baki laga helay god dahab ah, waxaana la sheegay in dad badan ay isugu soo baxeen goobta miinada kadib markii ay maqleen warar xan ah.
==Maqaalo==
[[File:Baki_awdal1.jpg|thumb|Baki_awdal1]]
[[File:Baki_District2.jpg|thumb|Baki_Degmada2]]
[[File:Baki_awdal_district.jpg|thumb|Baki_awdal_degmada]]
==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [[Degmada Baki]]
* [[Degmada Boorama]]
* [[Degmada Saylac]]
* [[Degmada Lughaya]]
* [[Awdal]]
* [[Awdalland]]
* [[Saldanadii Cadal]]
==Xigasho==
{{Reflist}}

==Tixraac==
[https://www.unocha.org/sites/dms/Somalia/UNDP-POP-RURAL-URBAN%202005.pdf &quot;Gobollada, degmooyinka, iyo dadkooda: Soomaaliya 2005 (qabyo)&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.unocha.org/sites/dms/Somalia/UNDP-POP-RURAL-URBAN%202005.pdf |date=20170728203029 }}

[http://www.statoids.com/yso.html Degmooyinka Soomaaliya]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=UxmEDwAAQBAJ&amp;q=Reer+nour+reer+Mohamed+baki&amp;pg=PT122 Dagaalka iyo Nabadda Soomaaliya: Cabashooyinka Qaranka, Colaadaha Deegaanka iyo Al-Shabaab]

[http://www.somalilandlaw.com/IRI_Parlelection_2005.pdf &quot;Machadka Caalamiga ah ee Jamhuuriga Somaliland Sebtembar 29, 2005 Warbixinta Qiimaynta Doorashada Baarlamaanka&quot;]

[http://www.somalilandlaw.com/IRI_Parlelection_2005.pdf &quot;Machadka Caalamiga ah ee Jamhuuriga Somaliland Sebtembar 29, 2005 Warbixinta Qiimaynta Doorashada Baarlamaanka&quot;]

[http://www.haatuf.net/Archive2003/000129300.htm &quot; Maamulka Gobolka Awdal Oo Iska Daafacay Eedeymo Kaga Yimi Mid Ka Mid Ah Odayada Reer Boorama&quot;]

[https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2009/apr/wararka_maanta9-6181.htm &quot;Dagaal laba Beelood ku dhexmaray Deegaanno ka tirsan Somaliland&quot;]

[https://hargeisapress.com/3083/ &quot;Wasaaradda Macdanta iyo Tamarta Oo Sharaxday Sahamin Shirkad Chiness Ahi Ka Wado Baki Oo Dad Ka Cawday&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://hargeisapress.com/3083/ |date=20250424122125 }}

[https://www.qurbejoog.com/somalilandsagaal-qof-oo-galabta-caawa-ku-kala-geeriyooday-gobolada-awdal-iyo-saaxil-kadib-shilal-ka-dhashay-danab-roob-iyo-mid-gaadiid/ &quot;Somaliland:Sagaal Qof oo Galabta &amp; Caawa ku kala Geeriyooday Gobolada Awdal Iyo Saaxil kadib shilal ka dhashay Danab Roob iyo Mid Gaadiid&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20240524131549/https://somalilandpost.net/baki-wasiirka-beeraha-oo-dhagx-dhigay-dib-u-dhiska-maangad-lagu-waraabin-jiray-tobanaan-beerood-oo-duufaantii-sagar-ka-dumisay-beeralayda-ruqi-sawirro/ &quot;BAKI: Wasiirka Beeraha Oo Dhagx-dhigay Dib U Dhiska Maangad Lagu Waraabin Jiray Tobanaan Beerood Oo Duufaantii Sagar Ka Dumisay Beeralayda Ruqi&quot;]

[https://wargeyskadawan.com/2021/08/12/hanti-dhawrka-oo-baadhis-ka-bilaabay-degmada-baki-iyo-odayaal-la-xidhxidhay/ &quot;Hanti Dhawrka oo Baadhis ka Bilaabay Degmada Baki iyo Odayaal la Xidhxidhay&quot;]

[https://www.bbc.com/somali/59810702 &quot;Muxuu yahay dahabka laga helay ku dhaw magaalada Boorama ee ay dadku ku yaaceen?&quot;]
*[http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/120222_OCHASom_Administrative_Map_Awdal_Baki_A3.pdf Administrative map of Baki District]
*[http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/120222_OCHASom_Administrative_Map_Awadal_Zeylac_A3.pdf Administrative map of Zeila District]
*{{cite book|title=Horn of Africa Bulletin, Volume 12|year=2000|publisher=Life &amp; Peace Institute|page=23}}
{{Degmooyinka Gobolka Awdal}}
[[Category:Awdal]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Dollarka Maraykanka</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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{{Infobox Currency
|currency_name = {{collapsible list|title= Dollarka Maraykanka&lt;/br&gt;United States dollar &lt;small&gt;(English)&lt;/small&gt;

}}
| image_1 = USDnotes.png
| image_title_1 = Bankiga Dhexe Federaalka
|iso_code = USD (num. 840)
|using_countries = '''{{flag|United States}}'''&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|East Timor}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bancocentral.tl/en/currency.asp|title=Central Bank of Timor-Leste|accessdate=May 22, 2013|quote=The official currency of Timor-Leste is the United States dollar, which is legal tender for all payments made in cash.|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=October 8, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008020341/http://www.bancocentral.tl/en/currency.asp|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Alongside [[East Timor centavo coins]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Ecuador}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ec.html|title=Ecuador|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|accessdate=October 27, 2010|date=October 18, 2010|quote=The dollar is legal tender|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 8, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208201813/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ec.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Alongside [[Ecuadorian centavo coins]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{flag|El Salvador}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/es.html|title=El Salvador|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|accessdate=October 27, 2001|date=October 21, 2010|quote=The US dollar became El Salvador's currency in 2001|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224230021/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/es.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{flag|Marshall Islands}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Federated States of Micronesia}}&lt;br/&gt;{{flag|Palau}}&lt;br/&gt;{{flag|Panama}}&lt;ref&gt;Alongside [[Panamanian balboa]] coins&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Zimbabwe}}&lt;ref&gt;Official currency for Zimbabwean government transactions&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{Collapsible list|title = 3 non-U.S. territories
|{{flag|Caribbean Netherlands}}
|{{flag|British Virgin Islands}}
|{{flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}}
}}
|unofficial_users =
{{Collapsible list|titlestyle = font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;
|title = '''16 wadan kale'''
|{{flag|Afghanistan}}&lt;ref&gt;U.S. Dollar and [[Pakistani rupee]]s are widely accepted.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|The Bahamas}}&lt;ref&gt;Bahamian dollar tied 1:1 to USD, both accepted interchangeably.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{Flag|Barbados}}&lt;ref&gt;Barbados dollar tied at about 2:1, both accepted. Visiting Barbados FAQ: [http://www.investbarbados.org/faq_visiting.php#currency What is the local currency?] {{Wayback|url=http://www.investbarbados.org/faq_visiting.php#currency |date=20131023224608 }}, Invest Barbados&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Belize}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Cambodia}}&lt;ref&gt;Alongside the [[Cambodian riel]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Costa Rica}}&lt;ref&gt;Alongside the [[Costa Rican colón]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Guatemala}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Haiti}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Iraq}}&lt;ref&gt;Alongside the [[Iraqi dinar]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Jamaica}}&lt;ref&gt;Alongside the [[Jamaican Dollar]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Lebanon}}&lt;ref&gt;U.S. dollar is widely used alongside the [[Lebanese Pound]] at a fixed exchange rate of 1:1,500&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Liberia}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Maldives}}&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Nicaragua}}&lt;ref&gt;U.S. dollar is widely used alongside the [[Nicaraguan Córdoba]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Peru}}&lt;ref&gt;U.S. dollar is widely used alongside the [[Peruvian nuevo sol|Nuevo Sol]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Uruguay}}&lt;ref&gt;U.S. dollar is widely used alongside the [[Uruguayan Peso]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Vietnam}}&lt;ref&gt;U.S. dollar is widely used alongside the [[Vietnamese dong|Vietnamese Dong]]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
{{Collapsible list|titlestyle = font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;
|title = '''4 wadan kale'''
|{{flag|Cayman Islands}} &lt;small&gt;(UK; de facto)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{flag|Bermuda}} &lt;small&gt;(UK)''&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Alongside the [[Bermudian dollar]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;{{flag|Pitcairn Islands}} &lt;small&gt;(UK; de facto)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Alongside the [[New Zealand dollar]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.demtullpitcairn.com/2016JanFebMarch.pdf |access-date=2016-09-13 |archive-date=2016-05-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160509141817/http://www.demtullpitcairn.com/2016JanFebMarch.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt; {{flag|British Indian Ocean Territory}} (''de facto''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/asia-oceania/british-indian-ocean-territory?profile=all FCO country profile] {{wayback|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/asia-oceania/british-indian-ocean-territory?profile=all |date=20100610203832 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/asia/british-indian-ocean-territory/currency-british-indian-ocean-territory/index.htm |title=British Indian Ocean Territory Currency |publisher=Wwp.greenwichmeantime.com |date=March 6, 2013 |accessdate=May 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;)
}}
{{Collapsible list|titlestyle = font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;
|title = '''4 caasimadood kale'''
|[[Niagara Falls, Ontario|Niagara Falls]], [[Canada]]&lt;ref&gt;The U.S. Dollar is used on par with the [[Canadian dollar|Canadian Dollar]].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Pyongyang]], [[North Korea]]&lt;ref&gt;The U.S. Dollar and the [[Renminbi|Chinese Yuan]] are the only accepted currencies in most Pyongyang stores.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Tijuana]], [[Mexico]]&lt;ref&gt;The U.S. Dollar is widely used by locals.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Cancún]], [[Mexico]]&lt;ref&gt;The U.S. Dollar is widely used by locals.&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
|pegged_by =
{{Collapsible list
 |title = 27 lacagood
 |{{Flagicon|Aruba}} ''[[Aruban florin]]''&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Bahamas}} [[Bahamian dollar]] (at par)&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Bahrain}} [[Bahraini dinar]] (higher value)&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Barbados}} [[Barbadian dollar]] &lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Belize}} [[Belize dollar]]&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Bermuda}} ''[[Bermudian dollar]]'' (at par)&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Cayman Islands}} ''[[Cayman Islands dollar]]'' (higher value)&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Cuba}} [[Cuban convertible peso]] (at par)&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Djibouti}} [[Djiboutian franc]]&lt;br /&gt;[[East Caribbean dollar]]&lt;br /&gt;{{flagicon|East Timor}} [[East Timor centavo coins|East Timor Centavo Coin]] (at par)&lt;br /&gt;{{flagicon|Ecuador}} [[Ecuadorian centavo coins|Ecuadorian Centavo Coin]] (at par)&lt;br /&gt; {{Flagicon|Eritrea}} [[Eritrean nakfa]]&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Hong Kong}} ''[[Hong Kong dollar]]'' (narrow band)&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Iraq}} [[Iraqi dinar]]&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Jordan}} [[Jordanian dinar]] (higher value)&lt;br /&gt;{{flagicon|Kuwait}} [[Kuwaiti dinar]] (higher value)&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Lebanon}} [[Lebanese pound]]&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Netherlands Antilles|1986}} ''[[Netherlands Antillean guilder]]''&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Oman}} [[Omani rial]] (higher value)&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Panama}} [[Panamanian balboa]] (at par)&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Qatar}} [[Qatari riyal]]&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Saudi Arabia}} [[Saudi riyal]]&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Trinidad and Tobago}} [[Trinidad and Tobago dollar]]&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|United Arab Emirates}} [[United Arab Emirates dirham]]&lt;br /&gt;{{Flagicon|Venezuela}} [[Venezuelan bolívar]]&lt;br /&gt;{{flagicon|Zimbabwe}} [[Zimbabwean Bond Coins|Zimbabwean Bond Coin]] (at par)
}}
|inflation_rate = 0.85&amp;nbsp;% (March 2016)
|inflation_source_date = [http://inflationdata.com/inflation/Inflation_Rate/HistoricalInflation.aspx?dsInflation_currentPage=0 inflationdata.com]''
| inflation_method = CPI
|subunit_ratio_1 = {{frac|10}}
|subunit_name_1 = Dime
|subunit_ratio_2 = {{frac|100}}
|subunit_name_2 = Cent
|subunit_ratio_3 = {{frac|1000}}
|subunit_name_3 = Mill
|symbol =[[Dollar|$]]
|symbol_subunit_4 =[[senti|¢]]
|nickname = {{Collapsible list|title = 
|Ace, bank, bean, bread, bill, bone, buck, C-note, cheddar, dead president, deuce, dinero, dub, ducat, doubloon, fin, fiver, frog, grand, [[United States Note|greenback]], large, moolah, paper, [[sawbuck]], scratch, scrilla, simoleons, single, skins,  smackeroo, smackers, [[spondulix]], stack, Tom, and yard&lt;br&gt;'''Plural''': dough, green, bread, bones, bucks, skrilla, clams&lt;br&gt;'''Based on denomination''': Washingtons, Jeffersons, Lincolns, Hamiltons, Jacksons, Grants, and Benjamins&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dailywritingtips.com/50-slang-terms-for-money/ |title=50 Slang Terms for Money |last=nichol |first=Mark |website=dailywritingtips.com |accessdate=May 31, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;'''See also''': [[peso]] in [[Puerto Rico]], and [[piastre]] in Cajun [[Louisiana]]
 }}
|frequently_used_coins = 1¢, 5¢, 10¢, 25¢&lt;!-- The denominations are written as they appear on the coins per infobox style at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox Currency --&gt;
|rarely_used_coins = 50¢, $1&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Native American $1 Coin |url=http://www.usmint.gov/mint_programs/circulatingCoins/?action=CircNativeDollar |access-date=2016-09-13 |archive-date=2016-04-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415013715/http://www.usmint.gov/mint_programs/circulatingCoins/?action=CircNativeDollar |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|coin_article = Coins of the United States dollar
|frequently_used_banknotes = $1, $5, $10, $20, $50, &lt;br/&gt; $100
|rarely_used_banknotes = $2
|banknote_article = Federal Reserve Note
|issuing_authority = [[USA|Federal Reserve System]]
|issuing_authority_website = [http://www.federalreserve.gov federalreserve.gov]
|printer = [[Bureau of Engraving and Printing]]
|printer_website = [http://www.moneyfactory.gov moneyfactory.gov]
|mint = United States Mint
|mint_website = [http://www.usmint.gov usmint.gov]
|footnotes =
}}
'''Dollarka Maraykanka  ''' ({{lang-en|United States dollar}}) (Astaanta: '''[[Dollar |$]]''';  koodhka caalami: '''USD'''; sidoo kale loo soo gaabiyo:  '''US$''' loo yaqaano '''dollar''', '''U.S. dollar''', ama '''American dollar''') waa [[lacag]]ta dowliga ah ee wadana [[Maraykanka]] iyo dhamaan deegaanada ay ka taliso dowladaasi .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.federalreserve.gov/pf/pdf/pf_4.pdf |title=The Implementation of Monetary Policy&amp;nbsp;– The Federal Reserve in the International Sphere|format=PDF |accessdate=August 24, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Benjamin J. Cohen, ''The Future of Money'', Princeton University Press, 2006, ISBN 0-691-11666-0; ''cf.'' &quot;the dollar is the de facto currency in Cambodia&quot;, Charles Agar, ''[[Frommer's]] Vietnam'', 2006, ISBN 0-471-79816-9, p. 17&lt;/ref&gt; 

Dollarka Mareykanka (calaamad: $; code: USD; sidoo kale waxaa loo soo gaabiyey US $ oo loo yaqaan USD, Dollar Dollar, ama Dollar Mareykanka) waa lacagta rasmiga ah ee Mareykanka iyo dhulalka qotoda dheer ee Dastuurka Maraykanka tan iyo 1792 Ujeedooyinka ugu badan ee la taaban karo, waxa loo qaybiyaa 100 qaybood oo yar (¢), laakiin marmar ayaa loo qaybiyaa 1000 miro (₥) ujeedooyin xisaabeed. Lacagta waraaqaha wareegsani waxay ka kooban tahay Fikradaha Kaydka ee Fedaraalka ah ee lagu calaamadiyay dollarka Maraykanka (12 USC § 418).

Laga soo bilaabo ganaaxii 1971 oo ah beddelka lacagta caddaanka ah ee lacagta caddaanka ah ee metal kasta, Qiimaha Maraykanku waa lacag, xaqiiqda, lacagta fiatka Sida ugu badan ee loo isticmaalo macaamilada caalamiga ah, dollarka Mareykanka waa lacagta aasaasiga ah ee adduunka. Dhowr waddan ayaa u adeegsanaya lacagtooda rasmiga ah, iyo kuwa kale oo badani waa lacagta lacagta lagu leeyahay. Marka laga reebo Maraykanka, waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa lacagta kaliya ee ka jirta laba Ingiriis oo dibadda ah ee Kariibiyaanka ah: British Virgin Islands iyo Turks iyo Caicos Islands. Dhowr waddan ayaa isticmaala Foomamka Kaydka Federaalka ee loogu talagalay lacagta waraaqaha, iyagoo wali ku biirin kara lacagta, ama sidoo kale lacagta doolarka Mareykanka (sida Sacagawea ama doolarka madaxweynaha). Laga soo bilaabo Sibteembar 20, 2017, waxaa jiray qiyaastii $ 1.58 trillion oo wareeg ah, taas oo $ 1.53 trillion ay ku jirtay waraaqaha kaydka federaalka ($ 50 bilyan oo kale ayaa ku jirta qaabka lacagta).


==Sidoo kale fiiri==
*[[Lacag]]
*[[Dollar]]
*[[Banki]]
*[[Xawaalad]]
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
{{gumud}}
{{commons|United States dollar}}
[[Category:Lacag]]
[[Category:Maraykanka]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Socdaalka Soomaaliya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20673</id>
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      <id>312011</id>
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      <text bytes="8606" sha1="fc55s72yz3njz56csfs5jxh131ufgt9" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Somali Airlines 6O-SBN FRA 1984-8-16.png|thumb|300px|right|Mid ka mida [[Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya]] [[Boeing 707|Boeing 707-338C]] oo hawada duulaysa (1984).]]
'''Socdaalka Soomaaliya''' ({{lang-en|Transport in Somalia}}) waa adeega socdaalka laga helo wadanka [[Soomaaliya]]. In kastoo adeegani hakaday wakhtigii [[Dagaalkii sokeeye ee Soomaaliya|dagaalkii sokeeye]] wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[wadoweyn|wadooyinka waaweyn]], [[Gego diyaarad|gegooyinka diyaaradaha]] iyo [[dekad]]o. Intaasi waxaa dheer adeegyo khaas ah oo iskugu jira dhulka, cirka iyo badaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=The First 100 Days in Office |url=http://www.waayaha.net/view.php?articleid=7880 |access-date=2016-10-15 |archive-date=2012-09-13 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6Adpv89x9?url=http://www.waayaha.net/view.php?articleid=7880 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
==Wadooyinka==
Wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala shabakad wadooyin ah kuwaasi oo dhererkoodu le'eg yahay ilaa 21,830&amp;nbsp;km. Sida dowladu sheegtay sanadkii 2010ka, waxaa wadooyinka wadanku lahaa 2,757&amp;nbsp;km (12%) oo [[laami]] ah, 844&amp;nbsp;km (3.9%) burbursan, iyo 18,229&amp;nbsp;km (83.5%) bacaad ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Istanbul conference on Somalia 21 – 23 May 2010 - Draft discussion paper for Round Table &quot;Transport infrastructure&quot;|url=http://www.somalitalk.com/2010/may/istambul/transport.pdf|publisher=Government of Somalia|accessdate=31 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Sida ay warbixin ku sheegtay [[Wasaaradda Gaadiidka Soomaaliya]] sanadkii 2015, in ka badan 70,000 oo [[gaadiid]] ah ayaa laga diiwaangeliyey maamulka [[Puntland]]; ilaa 385,000 gaadiid ah laga diiwaangeliyey maamulka [[Somaliland]]; halka ilaa 195,000 laga diiwaangeliyay koonfurta [[Soomaaliya]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Puntland sends caveat to drivers without legal driving license|url=http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=13752|accessdate=13 May 2015|agency=Goobjoog|date=10 May 2015|archive-date=18 Bisha Shanaad 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518092117/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=13752|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Garoweresid7.jpg|thumb|right|Muuqaalka wadooyinka magaalada [[Garoowe]].]]
==Cirka==
===Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha===
{{main|Liiska Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya}}
[[File:Aden Abdullah Airport.jpg|220px|thumb|right|Gegoda diyaaradaha Muqdisho.]]
Gegooyinka diyaaradaha Soomaaliya waxay si toos ah u hoostegaan [[Wasaaradda Gaadiidka Soomaaliya|Wasaaradda Gaadiidka]] taasi oo kaashanaysa [[Ururka Adeega Duulista Caalamiga]] ee [[Qaramada Midoobay]] ayaa dib u habayn ku sameeysay tiro badan oo gegodiyaaradeed ah. [[Garoonka Diyaaradaha ee Aadan Cadde|Gegoda Diyaaradaha Aadan Cadde]] wuxuu ka mid ah garoonada dowlada fedraalku ka kaashatay wadanka [[Turkiga]] si dib u habayn laxaad leh loogu sameeyo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Somalia to revive national airline after 21 years|url=http://laanta.net/2012/07/24/somalia-to-revive-national-airline-after-21-years/|accessdate=2 January 2015|newspaper=Laanta|date=24 July 2012|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=29 Bisha Sideedaad 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240829054547/http://laanta.net/2012/07/24/somalia-to-revive-national-airline-after-21-years/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Somalia regains control of its Airspace, but lacks Personnel management|url=http://horseedmedia.net/2014/12/17/somalia-regains-control-of-its-airspace-but-lacks-personnel-management/|accessdate=2 January 2015|newspaper=Horseed Media|date=17 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sida sheegtay [[Qaramada Midoobay]] sanadkii 2012, wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala 62 garoon kuwaasi oo u diiwaangashan [[Ururka Adeega Duulista Caalamiga]] (ICAO). 7 ka mid ah waxay leeyihiin wadooyin laami ah oo heersare ah. Sidoo kale, afar garoon waxay leeyihiin laamiga diyaaraduhu ku soo degaan oo ka dheer 3,047 m.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Central Intelligence Agency|title=Somalia|work=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|location=Langley, Virginia|year=2011|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|accessdate=2011-10-05|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2016-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701194614/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Air Somalia Tupolev Tu-154.jpg|thumb|left|Diyaarada Soomaaliya Tupolev Tu-154 oo ka soo duuleysa [[Imaaraatka Carabta]].]]

===Diyaaradaha===

[[File:Government of Somalia Beech 1900.jpg|left|185px|thumb|Mid ka mid ah diyaaradaha Dowlada Soomaaliya]]
[[Diyaarada Soomaaliya]] waxay ahay diyaarada sida [[calan]]ka [[Soomaaliya]]. Waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1964tii, waxayna ka shaqeeyn jirtey duulimaadyada wadanka dhexdiisa iyo dibadiisaba. Wakhtigii uu dhacay dagaalkii sokeeye 1990kii, waxaa burburay dhamaan adeegii iyo shaqadii diyaaradahaasi.&lt;ref&gt;World of Information (Firm), ''Africa Review'', (World of Information: 2003), p.299.&lt;/ref&gt;

Diyaarada Soomaaliya waxaa dib u habayn dawkada Soomaaliya ku samaysay sanadkii 2012ka, taasi oo adeegeeda bulsho dib u soo celisay dhamaadkii 2013ka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=The long awaited Somali Airlines is Coming Back!|url=http://www.keydmedia.net/en/news/article/the_long_awaited_somali_airlines_is_coming_back/|accessdate=20 November 2013|newspaper=Keydmedia Online|date=20 November 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202231315/http://www.keydmedia.net/en/news/article/the_long_awaited_somali_airlines_is_coming_back/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|- 
! Diyaarada
! Sawir
! [[IATA]]
! [[ICAO]]
! Magaca u&lt;br&gt; gaarka
! Bilowday&lt;br&gt;Howlgalka
! Faallo
|-
| [[Air Somalia]]||[[File:Air Somalia Tupolev Tu-154.jpg|100px]] ||  || RSM || Air Somalia || 2001 
| 
|-
| [[Diyaarada Daallo]] ||[[File:Antonov An-24RV, Daallo Airlines AN1173726.jpg|100px]] || D3 || DAO || Daallo Airlines || 1991
| 
|-
| [[Diyaarada Jubba]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Centre For Aviation |url=http://centreforaviation.com/profiles/airlines/jubba-airways-6j |publisher=Jubba Airways |accessdate=22 January 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202133148/http://centreforaviation.com/profiles/airlines/jubba-airways-6j |archivedate=February 2, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[File:EX-75449 IL-18D Jubba Aws(Phoenix) SHJ 21NOV00 (6969455929).jpg|100px]] || 6J || JBW || Jubba || 1998 
|
|-
| [[Diyaarada Soomaaliya]] ||[[File:Somali Airlines Airbus A310-300 JetPix.jpg|100px]] || HH || SOM || SOMALAIR || Duulista joojisay 1991 
|
|}

==Badaha==

===Dekadaha===
[[File:Bosaso port.jpg|thumb|right|[[Dekada Boosaaso]].]]
Wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] waxay leedahay xeebta ugu dheer qaarada [[Afrika]],&lt;ref&gt;International Traffic Network, ''The world trade in sharks: a compendium of Traffic's regional studies'', (Traffic International: 1996), p.25.&lt;/ref&gt; taasi oo u suurtogelisay ineey yeelato tiro badan [[Dekadaha Soomaaliya|dekado]] ah.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dekadaha ugu waaweyn ee si xoogan uga shaqeeya wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] waxaa ka mid ah:
* [[Dekada Berbera]]
* [[Dekada Boosaaso]]
* [[Dekada Kismaayo]]
* [[Dekada Laasqorey]]
* [[Dekada Marka]]
* [[Dekada Muqdisho]]
* [[Dekada Saylac]]

Dhinaca kale, wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala tiro badan oo dekedo dabiici ah, qaar kale qadiimi yihiin. Dekeda ugu weyn wadanka waa [[Dekada Muqdisho]] oo [[Dowlada Federaalka Soomaaliya|Dawlada Federaalku]] gacanta ku hayso. Sidaas ay tahay waxaa jira tiro badan oo dekedo ah; kuwaasi waxaa ka mid ah: [[Caluula]], [[Maydh]], [[Lughaya]], [[Eyl]], [[Qandala]], [[Xaafuun]], [[Hobyo]], [[Garacad]] iyo [[Ceelmacaan]].

===Gujiska Ganacsiga===
Wadanka Soomaaliya waxay leedahay hal [[gujis]] ah, kaasi oo la aasaasay sanadkii 2008da. Gujiskani waa nooca qaada alaabta xamuulka ah oo keliya. &lt;ref&gt;Somalia has one merchant marine. Established in 2008, it is cargo-based.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Wadooyinka Tareenka==

[[Gaadiidka Tareenka Soomaaliya]] waxaa ka mid ah adeega tareenka ka dhex shaqeeya magaalada [[Muqdisho]] iyo [[Jowhar]] kaasi oo lagu magacaabi jirey '''Mogadishu-Villabruzzi Railway'''. Tareenkani wuxuu le'eg yahay dherer dhan 114&amp;nbsp;km gebi ahaantii, waxaana dhisay gumaystihii [[Italian Somaliland]] horaantii 1910. 

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
*[[Dekadaha Soomaaliya]]
*[[Liiska Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya]]
*[[Liiska Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya]]
*[[Wasaaradda Gaadiidka Soomaaliya]]

==Tixraac==
{{reflist|2}}
{{commons|category:Transport in Somalia}}
{{Dekadaha Soomaaliya |state=expanded}}
{{Garoonada Soomaaliya|state=expanded}}
[[Category:Socdaalka Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Dekadaha Soomaaliya]]</text>
      <sha1>fc55s72yz3njz56csfs5jxh131ufgt9</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Wasaaradda Gaadiidka iyo Duulista Soomaaliya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20752</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="9483" sha1="gaa8bynrozfy12hamalgctpbrwf8srx" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Government agency
|agency_name     = &lt;small&gt;Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya&lt;/small&gt; &lt;br&gt; Wasaaradda Duulista iyo Gaadiidka
|nativename      = 
|nativename_a    = 
|nativename_r    = 
|logo            = Coat of arms of Somalia.svg
|logo_width      = 150px
|logo_caption    = [[Astaanta Qaranka ee Soomaaliya]]
|formed          = November 4, 2012
|jurisdiction    = [[Dowlada Federaalka Soomaaliya|Dowlada Federaalka]]
|headquarters    = [[Boondheere]], [[Banaadir]], [[Muqdisho]] {{flagicon|Somalia}}  
|coordinates     = {{Coord|2|2|24|N|45|20|46|E|display=title}}
|chief1_name     = Maxamed Xuseen Isaaq (Fanax) 
|chief1_position = Wasiirka Gaadiidka iyo Duulista
|chief2_name     = Xirsi Adan Roble
|chief2_position = Wasiir ku xigeenka
|chief3_name     = 
|chief3_position = 
|parent_agency   = [[Golaha Wasiirada Soomaaliya]]
|child1_agency   = 
|child2_agency   =
|website         = {{URL|http://www.mot.somaligov.net/about.html}}
}}

'''Wasaaradda Gaadiidka iyo Duulista Soomaaliya''' ({{lang-en|Ministry of Transportation}}) waa [[Golaha Wasiirada Soomaaliya|wasaarada]] masuulka ka ah [[Socdaalka Soomaaliya|arimaha socdaalka bariga, badaha iyo cirka]] ee wadanka [[Soomaaliya]]. Wakhti xaadirkan wasaaradan waxay hoostegtaa Wasiirka Gaadiidka iyo Duulista Soomaaliya, Maxamed Xuseen Isaaq (Fanax).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://horseedmedia.net/2016/06/25/somalia-pm-sharmarke-sacks-two-prominent-women-ministers/|date= June 25, 2016|title=PM Sharmarke sacks two prominent female ministers|work=horseedmedia}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Habka iyo Nidaamka Wasaarada==
* Wasiirka Gaadiidka
**Wasiir ku xigeen
*** Xoghayaha Guud
*** Ku xigeenka Xoghayaha Guud
**** Waaxda Duulista
**** Waaxda Badaha
**** Xafiiska Gaadiidka
***[[Socdaalka Soomaaliya|arimaha socdaalka iyo duulista]]
**** Waaxda Nidaaminta
**** Waaxda Maamulka iyo Habaynta
==Socdaalka==
[[File:Somali Airlines 6O-SBN FRA 1984-8-16.png|thumb|300px|right|Mid ka mida [[Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya]] [[Boeing 707|Boeing 707-338C]] oo hawada duulaysa (1984).]]
[[Socdaalka Soomaaliya]] waa adeega socdaalka laga helo wadanka [[Soomaaliya]]. In kastoo adeegani hakaday wakhtigii [[Dagaalkii sokeeye ee Soomaaliya|dagaalkii sokeeye]] wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[wadoweyn|wadooyinka waaweyn]], [[Gego diyaarad|gegooyinka diyaaradaha]] iyo [[dekad]]o. Intaasi waxaa dheer adeegyo khaas ah oo iskugu jira dhulka, cirka iyo badaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=The First 100 Days in Office |url=http://www.waayaha.net/view.php?articleid=7880 |access-date=2016-10-17 |archive-date=2012-09-13 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6Adpv89x9?url=http://www.waayaha.net/view.php?articleid=7880 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
===Wadooyinka===
Wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala shabakad wadooyin ah kuwaasi oo dhererkoodu le'eg yahay ilaa 21,830&amp;nbsp;km. Sida dowladu sheegtay sanadkii 2010ka, waxaa wadooyinka wadanku lahaa 2,757&amp;nbsp;km (12%) oo [[laami]] ah, 844&amp;nbsp;km (3.9%) burbursan, iyo 18,229&amp;nbsp;km (83.5%) bacaad ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Istanbul conference on Somalia 21 – 23 May 2010 - Draft discussion paper for Round Table &quot;Transport infrastructure&quot;|url=http://www.somalitalk.com/2010/may/istambul/transport.pdf|publisher=Government of Somalia|accessdate=31 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Sida ay warbixin ku sheegtay [[Wasaaradda Gaadiidka Soomaaliya]] sanadkii 2015, in ka badan 70,000 oo [[gaadiid]] ah ayaa laga diiwaangeliyey maamulka [[Puntland]]; ilaa 385,000 gaadiid ah laga diiwaangeliyey maamulka [[Somaliland]]; halka ilaa 195,000 laga diiwaangeliyay koonfurta [[Soomaaliya]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Puntland sends caveat to drivers without legal driving license|url=http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=13752|accessdate=13 May 2015|agency=Goobjoog|date=10 May 2015|archive-date=18 Bisha Shanaad 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518092117/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=13752|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Garoweresid7.jpg|thumb|right|Muuqaalka wadooyinka magaalada [[Garoowe]].]]
===Cirka===
===Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha===
{{main|Liiska Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya}}
[[File:Aden Abdullah Airport.jpg|220px|thumb|right|Gegoda diyaaradaha Muqdisho.]]
Gegooyinka diyaaradaha Soomaaliya waxay si toos ah u hoostegaan [[Wasaaradda Gaadiidka Soomaaliya|Wasaaradda Gaadiidka]] taasi oo kaashanaysa [[Ururka Adeega Duulista Caalamiga]] ee [[Qaramada Midoobay]] ayaa dib u habayn ku sameeysay tiro badan oo gegodiyaaradeed ah. [[Garoonka Diyaaradaha ee Aadan Cadde|Gegoda Diyaaradaha Aadan Cadde]] wuxuu ka mid ah garoonada dowlada fedraalku ka kaashatay wadanka [[Turkiga]] si dib u habayn laxaad leh loogu sameeyo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Somalia to revive national airline after 21 years|url=http://laanta.net/2012/07/24/somalia-to-revive-national-airline-after-21-years/|accessdate=2 January 2015|newspaper=Laanta|date=24 July 2012|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=29 Bisha Sideedaad 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240829054547/http://laanta.net/2012/07/24/somalia-to-revive-national-airline-after-21-years/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Somalia regains control of its Airspace, but lacks Personnel management|url=http://horseedmedia.net/2014/12/17/somalia-regains-control-of-its-airspace-but-lacks-personnel-management/|accessdate=2 January 2015|newspaper=Horseed Media|date=17 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sida sheegtay [[Qaramada Midoobay]] sanadkii 2012, wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala 62 garoon kuwaasi oo u diiwaangashan [[Ururka Adeega Duulista Caalamiga]] (ICAO). 7 ka mid ah waxay leeyihiin wadooyin laami ah oo heersare ah. Sidoo kale, afar garoon waxay leeyihiin laamiga diyaaraduhu ku soo degaan oo ka dheer 3,047 m.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Central Intelligence Agency|title=Somalia|work=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|location=Langley, Virginia|year=2011|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|accessdate=2011-10-05|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2016-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701194614/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Air Somalia Tupolev Tu-154.jpg|thumb|left|Diyaarada Soomaaliya Tupolev Tu-154 oo ka soo duuleysa [[Imaaraatka Carabta]].]]
====Diyaaradaha====

[[File:Government of Somalia Beech 1900.jpg|left|185px|thumb|Mid ka mid ah diyaaradaha Dowlada Soomaaliya]]
[[Diyaarada Soomaaliya]] waxay ahay diyaarada sida [[calan]]ka [[Soomaaliya]]. Waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1964tii, waxayna ka shaqeeyn jirtey duulimaadyada wadanka dhexdiisa iyo dibadiisaba. Wakhtigii uu dhacay dagaalkii sokeeye 1990kii, waxaa burburay dhamaan adeegii iyo shaqadii diyaaradahaasi.&lt;ref&gt;World of Information (Firm), ''Africa Review'', (World of Information: 2003), p.299.&lt;/ref&gt;

Diyaarada Soomaaliya waxaa dib u habayn dawkada Soomaaliya ku samaysay sanadkii 2012ka, taasi oo adeegeeda bulsho dib u soo celisay dhamaadkii 2013ka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=The long awaited Somali Airlines is Coming Back!|url=http://www.keydmedia.net/en/news/article/the_long_awaited_somali_airlines_is_coming_back/|accessdate=20 November 2013|newspaper=Keydmedia Online|date=20 November 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202231315/http://www.keydmedia.net/en/news/article/the_long_awaited_somali_airlines_is_coming_back/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Badaha===

[[File:Bosaso port.jpg|thumb|right|[[Dekada Boosaaso]].]]
Wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] waxay leedahay xeebta ugu dheer qaarada [[Afrika]],&lt;ref&gt;International Traffic Network, ''The world trade in sharks: a compendium of Traffic's regional studies'', (Traffic International: 1996), p.25.&lt;/ref&gt; taasi oo u suurtogelisay ineey yeelato tiro badan [[Dekadaha Soomaaliya|dekado]] ah.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dekadaha ugu waaweyn ee si xoogan uga shaqeeya wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] waxaa ka mid ah:
* [[Dekada Berbera]]
* [[Dekada Boosaaso]]
* [[Dekada Kismaayo]]
* [[Dekada Laasqorey]]
* [[Dekada Marka]]
* [[Dekada Muqdisho]]
* [[Dekada Saylac]]

Dhinaca kale, wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala tiro badan oo dekedo dabiici ah, qaar kale qadiimi yihiin. Dekeda ugu weyn wadanka waa [[Dekada Muqdisho]] oo [[Dowlada Federaalka Soomaaliya|Dawlada Federaalku]] gacanta ku hayso. Sidaas ay tahay waxaa jira tiro badan oo dekedo ah; kuwaasi waxaa ka mid ah: [[Caluula]], [[Maydh]], [[Lughaya]], [[Eyl]], [[Qandala]], [[Xaafuun]], [[Hobyo]], [[Garacad]] iyo [[Ceelmacaan]].
Wadanka Soomaaliya waxay leedahay hal [[gujis]] ah, kaasi oo la aasaasay sanadkii 2008da. Gujiskani waa nooca qaada alaabta xamuulka ah oo keliya. &lt;ref&gt;Somalia has one merchant marine. Established in 2008, it is cargo-based.&lt;/ref&gt;

===Wadooyinka Tareenka===

[[Gaadiidka Tareenka Soomaaliya]] waxaa ka mid ah adeega tareenka ka dhex shaqeeya magaalada [[Muqdisho]] iyo [[Jowhar]] kaasi oo lagu magacaabi jirey '''Mogadishu-Villabruzzi Railway'''. Tareenkani wuxuu le'eg yahay dherer dhan 114&amp;nbsp;km gebi ahaantii, waxaana dhisay gumaystihii [[Italian Somaliland]] horaantii 1910.

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
*[[Socdaalka Soomaaliya]]
*[[Golaha Wasiirada Soomaaliya]]
*[[ Liiska Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya]]

==Xigasho==
*{{cite news|title=Somalia: Prime Minister Unveils His New Cabinet|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201211050009.html|accessdate=5 November 2012|newspaper=Shabelle Media Network|date=4 November 2012}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Wasaaradaha Soomaaliya}}
[[Category:Wasaaradaha Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Siyaasadda Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Dawladda Soomaaliya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Horyaal Group</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22368</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311894</id>
      <parentid>262742</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T23:29:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311894</origin>
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      <text bytes="2733" sha1="7qajnmfz019v7zytebdh8qiqrtmg7bd" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox company  
| name       = Horyaal Group
| logo       = 
| type       = Si gaar loo leeyahay
| company_slogan = 
| foundation = 2008
| location   = [[Boosaaso]], [[Soomaaliya]] 
| industry   = [[Dhisme]]ha
| products   = Dejinta shaxda iyo qurxinta
| homepage   = [http://www.horyaal-group.com/ Horyaal-Group.com]
}}
'''Horyaal''' sida rasmiga ah loo yaqaano '''Horyaal Group''' waa shirkad ganacsi ka howlgasha wadanka [[Soomaaliya]]. Shirkadani waxay ka howlgashaa [[dhisme|dhismaha]].&lt;ref&gt;https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2015/jan/wararka_maanta30-89971.htm&lt;/ref&gt;
==Hordhac==
Shirkada Horyaal waa mid ka howlgasha dhisida iyo dib-u-habeynta [[guri|guryaha]].&lt;ref&gt;Frascarelli, Mara, and Annarita Puglielli. &quot;Position, function and interpretation of Topics in Somali.&quot; Information Structure and Its Interfaces 19 (2009): 325.&lt;/ref&gt; 
Sida lagu sheegay warbixin, shirkadani waxay sanadkii 2017ka ku guuleysatay shahaado sharaf ay bixisay [[Ururka Abaalmarinta Soomaaliya]] (sidoo kale loo yaqaano ''International Somali Awards'').&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://theatm.org/2017/01/26/international-somali-awards-2017-nominees-business-year/ |access-date=2017-05-30 |archive-date=2017-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326005642/http://theatm.org/2017/01/26/international-somali-awards-2017-nominees-business-year/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://internationalsomaliawards.com/#nominees-2016&lt;/ref&gt; 
==Howlaha Shaqo==
Shirkada dhismaha ee Horyaal waxay ka howlgashaa meelo badan oo wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] ka mid ah sida [[Awdal|Gobolka Awdal]], [[Puntland]], iyo wadanka [[Jabuuti]] halkaasi ooy ka dhistey dhismayaal waaweynt oo iskugu jira hoteelo iyo kuwo kaleba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.dawannews.com/index/2015/01/31/shirkadda-horyaal-iyo-kaalinta-ay-ka-qaadato-casriyeynta-dhismayaasha-dalka/ |access-date=2017-05-30 |archive-date=2025-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250125060443/http://www.dawannews.com/index/2015/01/31/shirkadda-horyaal-iyo-kaalinta-ay-ka-qaadato-casriyeynta-dhismayaasha-dalka/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://allsbc.com/photo-news-warbixin-iyo-sawiro-ku-saabsan-xaflada-xuska-saxaafada-somalia-ee-ka-dhacday-bosaso/ |access-date=2017-05-30 |archive-date=2016-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201112528/http://allsbc.com/photo-news-warbixin-iyo-sawiro-ku-saabsan-xaflada-xuska-saxaafada-somalia-ee-ka-dhacday-bosaso/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [http://www.horyaal-group.com/ Horyaal-Group.com]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Ganacsi]]
[[Category:Shirkad dhisme]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Reer Xaamid</title>
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      <text bytes="2334" sha1="q6enwevy1j6208rfuajl3xbtqe37cik" xml:space="preserve">=== Overview ===
Rer Hamid'''([[Somali]]; Reer xaamid'')'''''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.abtirsi.com/view.php?person=6450&amp;abtirsiLang=0 |access-date=2017-06-23 |archive-date=2019-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719213530/http://www.abtirsi.com/view.php?person=6450&amp;abtirsiLang=0 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; is related with other Bicidyahan sub-clans and also [[Majeerteen]].
Reer Xaamid waxaa ugu badan Reer Cali Yare Gaar ahaan Reer Xadde
Xadde wuxuu dhalay 3 nin Reer Caraale, Reer Bulxan iyo Reer Yuusuf 
.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majeerteen&lt;/ref&gt;{{Infobox ethnic group||group=Rer Haamid &lt;br&gt; ريرحامد|image=|poptime=|region1={{flagcountry|Somalia}}|region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}|region3={{flagcountry|Kenya}}|region4={{flagcountry|United States}}|region5={{flagcountry|Canada}}|region6={{flagcountry|Great Britain}}|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|rels=[[Islam]] &lt;sup&gt;(Sunni)&lt;/sup&gt;|related-c=reer Galaer, reer Gabdon, reer Sugul, Isma'il Yonis, other clans of [[Majeerteen]], and other, [[Somali]] clans&lt;!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! --&gt;}}

==Distribution==
Members of the Rer Haamud, primarily inhabit the eastern [[Wardheer|Doollo]] region of [[Ethiopia]]. Primarily in and around Geladin&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geladin_(woreda)&lt;/ref&gt; and Bokh districts. Others can also be found in [[mudug]] and Bari regions of [[Puntland]].

==Sub-Clans==

*Fiqi-gadiid Xaamid (Reer Yaxye iyo Reer Cali Caddaawe iyo Maxamuud Cadaawye)
* Maxamed Xaamid ( Reer Faarax Cali)
* Cigalle Xaamid  ( Reer Guuleed)

》 Maxamed waa saddex jifo  

1. Reer 》wardheere
2. Reer 》liibaan
3. Reer 》cigaal

》 Cigalle waa saddex jifo
 
1. Reer jaamaac 》Guuleed
2. Reer Maxamed 》Guuleed
3. Reer sharma'arke 》Guuleed.


》Fiqi-gadiid wuxuu dhalay:

1.Caddaawe 》Fiqi-gadiid 
2.Maxamed  》fiqi-gadiid

Caddaawe waa saddex jifo

1. Yaxye 》Cadaawe 
2. Cali  》Cadaawe
3. Maxamuud 》cadaawe

》Yahye cadaawe- waa Labo iyo toban  12jifo

1. Rer Cilmi       》yahye 
2. Rer Cali        》yahye
3. Rer Abdirahman  》Yahye
4. Rer Jimcaale    》Yahye
5. Rer Wacays      》Yahye
6. Rer Maxamed     》Yahye
7. Rer Aadan       》Yahye
8. Rer Samatar     》Yahye
9. Rer Sharma'arke 》Yahye
10. Rer Guuleed    》Yahye
11. Rer Muxumed    》Yahye
12.warsame         》yahye</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Guban</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23296</id>
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      <text bytes="2025" sha1="2x7g6ibmpu6c5a2gis5ofarssr45il2" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Geographic map of Somaliland.svg|thumbnail|Khariidada juqraafga ee [[Somaliland]].]]
'''Guban''' ({{lang-ar|جبن}}) waa deegaan kulul, [[lamadegaan]] xeebeed kaasi oo dhaca gobolada [[Somaliland]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.columbiaspectator.com/2011/10/26/guban-burns-away-misconceptions-somali-culture-phd-candidate%E2%80%99s-new-novel|title='Guban' burns? away misconceptions of Somali culture in Ph.D candidate’s new novel|publisher=Columbia Spectator|accessdate=14 March 2014|date=26 October 2011|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=15 Bisha Saddexaad 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140315202951/http://www.columbiaspectator.com/2011/10/26/guban-burns-away-misconceptions-somali-culture-phd-candidate%E2%80%99s-new-novel|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lamadegaanka Guban wuxuu fidsan yahay xeebta dheer laga soo bilaabo duleedka magaalada [[lowyacado]] soo dhexmaro magaalada qadiimiga ah ee [[Saylac]] ilaa laga soo gaadhayo magaalada [[Berbera]].

==Hordhac==

Deegaanka Guban waa dhul aad u qalalan kaasi oo heelkusiisu gaadho ilaa 47 °C wakhtiyada [[xagaa]]ga. Roob badan kama da'o inta badan, laakiin bilaha u dhaxeysa Maarso ilaa Juun waxaa mararka qaar ka da'a xoogaa roob oo goosgoos ah. Intaasi waxaa dheer, deegaanka Guban wuxuu leeyahay xoogaa dhir gaagaaban iyo ugaadh.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/248125/Guban|title=Guban (plain, Somalia)|publisher=Britannica Encyclopedia|accessdate=14 March 2014|date=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Deegaanka Guban waxaa ku yaala [[Banka Giriyaad]] oo dhaxa galbeedka gobolka [[Salal]].

==Xigasho==
*Hadden, Robert Lee. 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090327102547/http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA464006 &quot;The Geology of Somalia: A Selected Bibliography of Somalian Geology, Geography and Earth Science.&quot;] Engineer Research and Development Laboratories, Topographic Engineering Center
==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Deegaan]]
[[Category:Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Juqraafiga Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Juquraafiga Soomaaliya|Juquraafi]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Websiteyada soomaalida</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>312048</id>
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      <text bytes="511" sha1="g76d6eo15swtx9qfenc7i47ki7i1u86" xml:space="preserve">website yada soomaalida waxaa ka mida puntlandpost.com
Radiomuqdisho.org
Shacabkanews.com
Caasimadda24.com
Puntlandi.com
Baargaal.net
Kobciye.com
Somalitalk.com
Garoweonline.com
Radiodaljir.com
Radiorisaala.com
[https://web.archive.org/web/20210918041511/https://www.cishqi.com/ Cishqi.com]
[https://mogadishurising.com/ Mogadishurising.com] {{Wayback|url=https://mazimmews.com/ |date=20210925013202 }}
Iyo kuwo kale oo badan
https://www.riqiis.com/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.riqiis.com/ |date=20210907193124 }}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ceerigaabo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>~2026-59109-20</username>
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      <text bytes="13376" sha1="beo3p9duvz7eegmrebwsrlkboc3xg72" xml:space="preserve">Ceerigaabo ( [[Af Soomaali|Somali]]: Ceerigaabo , [[Carabi]] : عيرجابو ), sidoo kale loo higaadiyay sida  Ceerigaabo, waa magaalo madaxda iyo magaalada ugu weyn gobolka Sanaag ee Somaliland.{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Ceerigaabo
| other_name         = 
| native_name        = عيرجابو ([[Carabi]])
| nickname           = 
| settlement_type    = Magaalo
| motto              = 
| image_skyline      = [[File:Erigabo.jpg|thumb|]]
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_map          = 
| mapsize            = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = Puntland
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Puntland
| coordinates_display = 
| coordinates_region = 
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Somalia}}
| subdivision_type1  = Maamul Goboleedka
| subdivision_type2  = Gobol
| subdivision_type3  = Degmo
| subdivision_name1  = 
| subdivision_name2  = [[Sanaag]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Ceerigaabo]]
| government_note    = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = Gudoomiyaha
| leader_name        = Ismaaciil Xaaji Nuur
| leader_title1      = Darajo
| leader_name1       = 5aad
| leader_title3      = Cufnaanta
| leader_name2       = 2,000 meter m (6,560 feet ft)
| leader_title4      = Sare u qaadis
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| area_magnitude     = 
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_note          = 
| area_total_km2     = 26,000
| area_land_km2      = 
| population_as_of   = 
| population_footnotes = 
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 180,000
| population_density_km2 = 
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| latd               = 
| latm               = 
| lats               = 
| latNS              = 
| longd              = 
| longm              = 
| longs              = 
| longEW             = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = [[+252]]
| blank_name         = 
| blank_info         = 
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
}}  

==Asalka erayga==
*Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa uu ka kooban yahay laba qaybood oo kala ah Ceeri oo qeexaya meel ay biyuhu ku ururaan, iyo gaabo (gaaban), oo macneheedu yahay gaaban iyo mid hoose.  Ceeri waxa kale oo ay noqon kartaa soo gaabinta ceeryaan, erayga af-soomaaliga ee ceeryaamo/ ceeryaan.  Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa laga yaabaa inuu tilmaamayo ceeryaamo sudhan oo daboolaya magaalada
*[[Magaalooyinka Somaliland|Liiska magaalooyinka Somaliland]]
*[[Sanaag|Gobolka Sanaag]]

== Taariikhda ==
[[File:Erigavo2.jpg|thumb|Jidkii hore ee Ceerigaabo.]]Deegaanka Ceerigaabo waa dhawr qarni.  Deegaanka ku xeeran waxa loo malaynayaa in uu dhisay Madigan Dir. Ceerigaabo Casriga ah waxa dhidibada u taagay beesha Muuse Ismaaciil oo ka mid ah beelaha Habr Yuunis si ay u noqoto ceel-guri oo ay maraan reer-guuraaga iyo safarrada. Aagga guud waxaa lagu tilmaamaa qabuuro taariikhi ah oo tiro badan, oo ay ku aasan yihiin abtirsiinyo kala duwan oo Soomaaliyeed.
===1945kii Sheekh Bashiir Jabhad===
[[File:Sheikh Bashir praying.jpg|thumb|Sheekh Bashiir oo tukanaya salaad sunno ah, 1920kii]]
Jabhaddii Sheekh Bashiir&lt;ref&gt;https://wardheernews.com/sheikh-bashir-sheikh-yusuf-the-leader-of-the-final-jihad-in-somaliland/&lt;/ref&gt; 1945-kii waxay ahayd jabhad ay halgamayaashi islaam ku qaadeen magaalooyinka Burco iyo Ceerigaabo ee maxmiyaddii hore ee British Somaliland oo ka soo horjeeday maamulkii Ingiriiska bishii July 1945-kii oo uu hoggaaminayey Sheekh Bashiir oo ahaa hoggaamiye diimeed Soomaaliyeed.
2-dii bishii July ayaa Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu magaalada Wadaamagoo ku ururiyay 25 ka mid ah xertiisa oo uu ku soo raray gaadhi xamuul ah oo uu ku soo qaaday agagaarka magaalada Burco, halkaas oo uu hub ugu qaybiyay kala badh xertiisa.  Habeenimadii 3-dii July kooxdan ayaa gudaha u galay magaalada Burco, waxaanay rasaas ku fureen ciidanka ilaalada xabsiga dhexe ee magaaladaas, kuwaas oo ay buux dhaafiyeen maxaabiis loo xidhay mudaharaadyo hore.  Kooxdan ayaa sidoo kale weerar ku qaaday guriga guddoomiyaha degmada Burco, Gaashaanle Sare, taasoo sababtay dhimashada askari ka tirsan ciidanka booliska ee Gaashaanle Rugta, ka hor intii aanay u fakarin Buur-dhabe oo ah buur istaraatiiji ah oo koonfur-bari ka xigta magaalada Burco, halkaas oo cutubka yar ee Sheekh Bashiir ay fadhiisiyeen dhufays, isla markaana ay difaac ka galeen iyagoo filaya weerar rogaal-celis ah oo uu Ingiriisku ku soo qaadi doono.
Ololihii Ingiriiska ee ka dhanka ahaa ciidamadii Sheekh Bashiir ayaa noqday mid dhicisoobay ka dib markii dhowr jeer laga adkaaday iyadoo ciidamadiisu ay kolba meel u guurayeen, kana fogaadeen meel kasta oo joogto ah.  Wax yar ka hor ayaa socdaalku ka baxay deegaanka, warku waxa uu si xawli ah ugu socday reer-guuraaga Soomaaliyeed ee ku teedsan bannaanka.  Dagaalku waxa uu daaha ka rogay maamulkii Ingriiska oo bahdilay.  Dawladdu waxay ku soo gebogebaysay in duullaan kale oo isaga ka dhan ah aanu waxba tarayn;  waa in ay dhistaan ​​wado tareen, wadooyin sameeyaan oo ay si wax ku ool ah u qabsadaan guud ahaan ilaalinta, haddii kale ay gabi ahaanba ka tagaan gudaha.  Koorsadii dambe ayaa la go’aamiyay, waxaana bilihii ugu horreeyay ee 1945-kii laga noqday jagooyinkii hore, maamulkii Ingiriiskana wuxuu ku ekaa xeebta magaalada Berbera.Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu xaliyay khilaafyo badan oo ka dhex jiray qabaa’ilka deegaankaas ku dhaqan, kuwaas oo u diiday in ay isku duulaan.  Guud ahaan waxa loo malaynayay in uu khilaafyada ku xaliyo shareecada Islaamka oo uu ku soo ururiyo taageerayaal xooggan.
Sheekh Bashiir ayaa baaq u diray culimaa’udiinka ku dhaqan magaalada Ceerigaabo, waxaanu ugu baaqay inay kacaan oo ay ku biiraan jabhadda uu hoggaamiyo.  Culimaa’udiinka iyo sidoo kale shacabka reer Ceerigaabo ayaa u hogaansamay baaqiisa, waxayna magaalada Ceerigaabo ka soo abaabuleen dad aad u tiro badan oo ku hubaysan qoryo iyo warmo, kacdoonna ka sameeyay.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa si degdeg ah oo adag uga jawaabay, iyaga oo gurmad u diray magaalada, rasaasna ku furay kooxihii hubaysnaa laba &quot;ficil maxalli ah&quot; iyo sidoo kale xidh-xidhay hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta ee magaalada.Maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa qoray ciidamo Hindi iyo Koonfur Afrikaan ah oo uu hoggaaminayay Jeneraalka Booliska James David, si ay ula dagaalamaan Sheekh Bashiir, waxaana qorshahan sirdoonku uu ahaa in gacanta lagu soo dhigo isagoo nool.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa abaabulay ciidan booliis ah, aakhirkiina 7dii Luulyo waxay ka heleen Sheekh Bashiir iyo qaybtiisii ​​oo difaac ka gadaashay dhufaysyadooda buuraha Bur Dhab.  Ka dib markii ay isku dhaceen Sheekh Bashiir iyo taliyihiisii ​​labaad, Caalin Yuusuf Cali oo lagu naanaysi jiray Qaybdiid ayaa la dilay.  Jabhad saddexaad ayaa la dhaawacay waxaana lala qabtay laba kale oo jabhad ah.  Inta kale waxay ka carareen dhufaysyadii oo kala yaaceen.  Dhinaca Ingiriiska waxaa iska horimaadka ku dhintay Jeneraalka Booliska oo hoggaaminayay ciidamada Ingiriiska iyo tiro ka tirsan ciidamada Hindiya iyo Koonfur Afrika, waxaana ku dhaawacmay askari boolis ah.In kasta oo geerida Sheekh Bashiir iyo xertiisa ay iska caabin kala horyimaadeen maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa weli ka socda Somaliland, gaar ahaan magaalada Ceerigaabo oo ay dhimashadiisu iska caabin hor leh ka abuurtay magaalada iyo magaalada Badhan, isla markaana keentay in weerarro lagu qaado ciidammada gumaystaha Ingiriiska ee degmada oo dhan, isla markaana lagala wareego hubkii laga soo qaaday dhismihii miyiga.
===Dhacdooyinkii u dambeeyay===
May 2024 waxa Ceerigaabo ka dhacay jabhad.  Ciidanka Booliska deegaanka oo kali ah inay damiyaan dhacdadaas, ayaa waxa gacan ka geystay qaybta 3aad ee Ciidanka Qaranka, waxaanay muddo saddex habeen ah soo afjareen.  In ka badan 50 dhallinyaro ah ayaa la xiray.  Badhasaabka Gobolka Sanaag Axmed Cabdi Muuse, ayaa ka digay in dhalinyarada la xidh-xidhay la horgeyn doono sharciga, balse aanay waalidkood ka caban
==Juqraafiga==
===Deegaanka===
[[File:Gerenuks in Samburu.jpg|thumb|]]
10 kiiloomitir ama 6.2 mayl dhinaca woqooyi ee magaalada ayaa ah hadhaaga kaynta juniper, oo ku socota cidhifka saqafka sare ee ka muuqda Gacanka Cadmeed.  Xirmada ayaa qiyaastii 2,000 mitir ama 6,560 cagood ka sarraysa heerka badda, halkaas oo waddada Ceerigaabo ka soo baxda ay hoos ugu dhacdo ilaa xeebta.  2 kiiloo mitir ama 1.2 mayl galbeed ka xigta, waxay kor u kacdaa meesha ugu sarraysa ee Somaliland Shimbiris.  Soo jiidashada maxalli ah ee caanka ah, shirku wuxuu ku fadhiyaa meel sare oo ku saabsan 2,470 mitir ama 8,100 cagood oo ka sarreeya heerka badda.  Waxa kale oo waddo ka baxda Ceerigaabo ilaa buurta Daallo.  Buurta ugu sarreysa, badda waxaa lagu arki karaa marka laga reebo magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Xiis oo ku taal meel u dhow.Ceerigaabo waxa kale oo ay hoy u tahay xoolo iyo dhir badan.  Duurjoogta deegaanka u dhashay waxaa ka mid ah shabeelka, waraabaha fiiqan, dhurwaaga xariijimaha ah, dawacyada dhabarka madow, gerenuk, hamadryas baboon, warthog saxare ah, bajaar malabka, gorayada Soomaalida iyo maro Warsangli ah.
===Cimilada===
Marka loo eego kala soocida cimilada Köppen, Ceerigaabo waxay leedahay nooc khafiif ah oo cimilo-yar oomane ah.  Guud ahaan magaaladu waxay sanadka oo dhan aragta kulayl siman, iyadoo cimilo ahaan ugu yar Somaliland oo dhan.  In kasta oo ay ku taal kulaylaha, joogga sare awgeed, heerkulku dhif buu dhaafaa 30 °C ama 86 °F.  Habeenku inta badan waa qabow xilliga xagaaga iyo qabowga xilliga jiilaalka.  Tani waa sifo lala wadaago meelo aad u yar oo adduunka ah;  meelaha caanka ah ee leh cimilo la mid ah waa Sanca ee Yemen ama Arequipa ee Peru.  Magaaladu waxay heshaa celcelis ahaan wax ka hooseeya 450 milimitir ama 18 inji oo roob ah sannadkii.  Celceliska heerkulka bishii wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 14.3 ° C ama 57.7 °F bisha Disembar ilaa 19.7 °C ama 67.5 °F bisha Luulyo.  Heerkulka ugu hooseeya ee ugu yar mararka qaarkood wuu taabtaa ama gooyaa 0 °C ama 32 °F.
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Sanadkii 1997, Matt Bryden wuxuu sheegay in dadka ugu badan ay yihiin [[Habar Yoonis|Habr Yoonis]] iyo qabiilka [[Habar Jeclo|Habr Je'lo]] ee Isaaq.
Sannadkii 2009-kii, Sawir-qaade &amp; Aqoonyahan Chantal Heijnen waxa uu sheegay in Ceerigaabo ay ku nool yihiin dad lagu qiyaasay 180,000.
Sannadkii 2013 kii, waxa la sheegay in magaalada Ceerigaabo ay degan yihiin dad gaadhaya 30,000 oo qof, isla markaana ay degan yihiin afar beelood oo kala ah Habr Jeelo, Habar Yoonis, Warsangali, iyo Dhulbahante oo tiro yar oo qabiilo kale ah.
==Waxbarashada==
Waxbarashada sare ee Ceerigaabo waxa bixiya Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika (EAU), oo lixdeeda laamood ku leh magaalada.  Jaamacada Sanaag waxa kale oo ay bixisaa shahaado jaamacadeed iyo shahaado jaamacadeed, jaamacada Gollis waxa ay leedahay laan iyo kuliyado badan.  Jaamacadda Queen of Sheba waxay siisaa haweenka Sanaag koorsooyin shahaado bilaash ah iyo tiro xaddidan oo meelo adduunka oo dhan ah oo qaab fogaan ah.
==Maamulka==
Arrimaha magaalada waxa maamula maayarka Ceerigaabo.  Canshuuraha waxaa qaada oo ururiya golaha deegaanka ee degmada laga bilaabo 1999. Magaalada ayaa isku xidha magaalada Burco ee xarunta gobolka Togdheer iyo sidoo kale dalka intiisa kale iyadoo la marayo wadada Siilaanyo.
==Adeegyada==
Magaaladu waxay hoy u tahay ururka Boy Scouts.  Scouts oo ay sameeyeen sannadkii 2005-tii maamulka gobolka Sanaag ayaa ka qayb-qaata hawlo kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin barnaamijkii 2006-dii ee tababar ku saabsan maamulka, nabadda iyo hoggaaminta.
==Dadka deegaanka oo xusid mudan==
Abdullahi Qarshe - Aabaha Fanka Soomaaliyeed.

Jaamac Cali Korsheel – Guddoomiye ku xigeenkii hore ee Golihii Sare ee Kacaanka

Abdullahi Jama Mahamed
Orodyahanka masaafada dhexe.

Shay Mire Dacar - Fanaanka iyo Fanaanka Soomaaliyeed

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
{{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Sanaag}}
[https://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.aspx?storyid=1095348715&amp;title=Somaliland-The-UN-and-its-JPLG-Program-have-Orphaned-Erigavo-Mayor-Ismail-Haji-Nur Somaliland: UN-ta Iyo Barnaamijkeeda JPLG-ga Ayaa Agoon Ka Dhigay Ceerigaabo.]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=IfgxAQAAQBAJ&amp;q=appointed+a+governor+of+erigavo&amp;pg=PA170 Soosaarayaasha  Marleen.  (2012-01-20).]

[http://haatuf.net/Archive2003/Barwaqo.htm Faarax &quot;Barwaaqo&quot;, Cabdiraxmaan (2003).]

[https://laashin.com/taariikhdii-halgamaa-sheekh-bashiir-sh-yuusuf-wq-prof-yaxye-sheekh-caamir/ &quot;Taariikhdii Halgamaa: Sheekh Bashiir Sh. Yuusuf. W/Q: Prof Yaxye Sheekh Caamir | Laashin iyo Hal-abuur&quot;]

[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600720 &quot;Xummata Ayaxa&quot;: Qarannimada caanka ah ee 1945-kii Kacdoonkii La-dagaalanka Ayaxa ee Gumeysiga Somaliland&quot; Mohamed, Jama (2002)] 

[https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm Guddida Nabadgelyada Gobolka Sanaag Oo Ka Hadlay Shaqaaqadii Ka Dhacday Ceerigaabo.  Hiiraan  online]  [https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm 2024-06-22.]

[http://gallery.mailchimp.com/8f102acd5706302123896fceb/files/Governance_Leadership_and_Management_Programme_for_Somalia.doc Shirkadda Mannion Daniels Limited waxay ku saleysantahay Maraykanka.  20 Juun 2013.]
[[Category:sanaag]]
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      <text bytes="13332" sha1="01bciaf61fvnukfjj6ajabar4ltz3sh" xml:space="preserve">Ceerigaabo ( [[Af Soomaali|Somali]]: Ceerigaabo , [[Carabi]] : عيرجابو ), sidoo kale loo higaadiyay sida  Ceerigaabo, waa magaalo madaxda iyo magaalada ugu weyn gobolka Sanaag ee Somalia.{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Ceerigaabo
| other_name         = 
| native_name        = عيرجابو ([[Carabi]])
| nickname           = 
| settlement_type    = Magaalo
| motto              = 
| image_skyline      = [[File:Erigabo.jpg|thumb|]]
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_map          = 
| mapsize            = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = Puntland
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Puntland
| coordinates_display = 
| coordinates_region = 
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Somalia}}
| subdivision_type1  = Maamul Goboleedka
| subdivision_type2  = Gobol
| subdivision_type3  = Degmo
| subdivision_name1  = 
| subdivision_name2  = [[Sanaag]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Ceerigaabo]]
| government_note    = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = Gudoomiyaha
| leader_name        = Ismaaciil Xaaji Nuur
| leader_title1      = Darajo
| leader_name1       = 5aad
| leader_title3      = Cufnaanta
| leader_name2       = 2,000 meter m (6,560 feet ft)
| leader_title4      = Sare u qaadis
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| area_magnitude     = 
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_note          = 
| area_total_km2     = 26,000
| area_land_km2      = 
| population_as_of   = 
| population_footnotes = 
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 180,000
| population_density_km2 = 
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| latd               = 
| latm               = 
| lats               = 
| latNS              = 
| longd              = 
| longm              = 
| longs              = 
| longEW             = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = [[+252]]
| blank_name         = 
| blank_info         = 
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
}}  

==Asalka erayga==
*Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa uu ka kooban yahay laba qaybood oo kala ah Ceeri oo qeexaya meel ay biyuhu ku ururaan, iyo gaabo (gaaban), oo macneheedu yahay gaaban iyo mid hoose.  Ceeri waxa kale oo ay noqon kartaa soo gaabinta ceeryaan, erayga af-soomaaliga ee ceeryaamo/ ceeryaan.  Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa laga yaabaa inuu tilmaamayo ceeryaamo sudhan oo daboolaya magaalada
*Liiska magaalooyinka Somalia
*[[Sanaag|Gobolka Sanaag]]

== Taariikhda ==
[[File:Erigavo2.jpg|thumb|Jidkii hore ee Ceerigaabo.]]Deegaanka Ceerigaabo waa dhawr qarni.  Deegaanka ku xeeran waxa loo malaynayaa in uu dhisay Madigan Dir. Ceerigaabo Casriga ah waxa dhidibada u taagay beesha Muuse Ismaaciil oo ka mid ah beelaha Habr Yuunis si ay u noqoto ceel-guri oo ay maraan reer-guuraaga iyo safarrada. Aagga guud waxaa lagu tilmaamaa qabuuro taariikhi ah oo tiro badan, oo ay ku aasan yihiin abtirsiinyo kala duwan oo Soomaaliyeed.
===1945kii Sheekh Bashiir Jabhad===
[[File:Sheikh Bashir praying.jpg|thumb|Sheekh Bashiir oo tukanaya salaad sunno ah, 1920kii]]
Jabhaddii Sheekh Bashiir&lt;ref&gt;https://wardheernews.com/sheikh-bashir-sheikh-yusuf-the-leader-of-the-final-jihad-in-somaliland/&lt;/ref&gt; 1945-kii waxay ahayd jabhad ay halgamayaashi islaam ku qaadeen magaalooyinka Burco iyo Ceerigaabo ee maxmiyaddii hore ee British Somaliland oo ka soo horjeeday maamulkii Ingiriiska bishii July 1945-kii oo uu hoggaaminayey Sheekh Bashiir oo ahaa hoggaamiye diimeed Soomaaliyeed.
2-dii bishii July ayaa Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu magaalada Wadaamagoo ku ururiyay 25 ka mid ah xertiisa oo uu ku soo raray gaadhi xamuul ah oo uu ku soo qaaday agagaarka magaalada Burco, halkaas oo uu hub ugu qaybiyay kala badh xertiisa.  Habeenimadii 3-dii July kooxdan ayaa gudaha u galay magaalada Burco, waxaanay rasaas ku fureen ciidanka ilaalada xabsiga dhexe ee magaaladaas, kuwaas oo ay buux dhaafiyeen maxaabiis loo xidhay mudaharaadyo hore.  Kooxdan ayaa sidoo kale weerar ku qaaday guriga guddoomiyaha degmada Burco, Gaashaanle Sare, taasoo sababtay dhimashada askari ka tirsan ciidanka booliska ee Gaashaanle Rugta, ka hor intii aanay u fakarin Buur-dhabe oo ah buur istaraatiiji ah oo koonfur-bari ka xigta magaalada Burco, halkaas oo cutubka yar ee Sheekh Bashiir ay fadhiisiyeen dhufays, isla markaana ay difaac ka galeen iyagoo filaya weerar rogaal-celis ah oo uu Ingiriisku ku soo qaadi doono.
Ololihii Ingiriiska ee ka dhanka ahaa ciidamadii Sheekh Bashiir ayaa noqday mid dhicisoobay ka dib markii dhowr jeer laga adkaaday iyadoo ciidamadiisu ay kolba meel u guurayeen, kana fogaadeen meel kasta oo joogto ah.  Wax yar ka hor ayaa socdaalku ka baxay deegaanka, warku waxa uu si xawli ah ugu socday reer-guuraaga Soomaaliyeed ee ku teedsan bannaanka.  Dagaalku waxa uu daaha ka rogay maamulkii Ingriiska oo bahdilay.  Dawladdu waxay ku soo gebogebaysay in duullaan kale oo isaga ka dhan ah aanu waxba tarayn;  waa in ay dhistaan ​​wado tareen, wadooyin sameeyaan oo ay si wax ku ool ah u qabsadaan guud ahaan ilaalinta, haddii kale ay gabi ahaanba ka tagaan gudaha.  Koorsadii dambe ayaa la go’aamiyay, waxaana bilihii ugu horreeyay ee 1945-kii laga noqday jagooyinkii hore, maamulkii Ingiriiskana wuxuu ku ekaa xeebta magaalada Berbera.Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu xaliyay khilaafyo badan oo ka dhex jiray qabaa’ilka deegaankaas ku dhaqan, kuwaas oo u diiday in ay isku duulaan.  Guud ahaan waxa loo malaynayay in uu khilaafyada ku xaliyo shareecada Islaamka oo uu ku soo ururiyo taageerayaal xooggan.
Sheekh Bashiir ayaa baaq u diray culimaa’udiinka ku dhaqan magaalada Ceerigaabo, waxaanu ugu baaqay inay kacaan oo ay ku biiraan jabhadda uu hoggaamiyo.  Culimaa’udiinka iyo sidoo kale shacabka reer Ceerigaabo ayaa u hogaansamay baaqiisa, waxayna magaalada Ceerigaabo ka soo abaabuleen dad aad u tiro badan oo ku hubaysan qoryo iyo warmo, kacdoonna ka sameeyay.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa si degdeg ah oo adag uga jawaabay, iyaga oo gurmad u diray magaalada, rasaasna ku furay kooxihii hubaysnaa laba &quot;ficil maxalli ah&quot; iyo sidoo kale xidh-xidhay hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta ee magaalada.Maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa qoray ciidamo Hindi iyo Koonfur Afrikaan ah oo uu hoggaaminayay Jeneraalka Booliska James David, si ay ula dagaalamaan Sheekh Bashiir, waxaana qorshahan sirdoonku uu ahaa in gacanta lagu soo dhigo isagoo nool.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa abaabulay ciidan booliis ah, aakhirkiina 7dii Luulyo waxay ka heleen Sheekh Bashiir iyo qaybtiisii ​​oo difaac ka gadaashay dhufaysyadooda buuraha Bur Dhab.  Ka dib markii ay isku dhaceen Sheekh Bashiir iyo taliyihiisii ​​labaad, Caalin Yuusuf Cali oo lagu naanaysi jiray Qaybdiid ayaa la dilay.  Jabhad saddexaad ayaa la dhaawacay waxaana lala qabtay laba kale oo jabhad ah.  Inta kale waxay ka carareen dhufaysyadii oo kala yaaceen.  Dhinaca Ingiriiska waxaa iska horimaadka ku dhintay Jeneraalka Booliska oo hoggaaminayay ciidamada Ingiriiska iyo tiro ka tirsan ciidamada Hindiya iyo Koonfur Afrika, waxaana ku dhaawacmay askari boolis ah.In kasta oo geerida Sheekh Bashiir iyo xertiisa ay iska caabin kala horyimaadeen maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa weli ka socda Somalia, gaar ahaan magaalada Ceerigaabo oo ay dhimashadiisu iska caabin hor leh ka abuurtay magaalada iyo magaalada Badhan, isla markaana keentay in weerarro lagu qaado ciidammada gumaystaha Ingiriiska ee degmada oo dhan, isla markaana lagala wareego hubkii laga soo qaaday dhismihii miyiga.
===Dhacdooyinkii u dambeeyay===
May 2024 waxa Ceerigaabo ka dhacay jabhad.  Ciidanka Booliska deegaanka oo kali ah inay damiyaan dhacdadaas, ayaa waxa gacan ka geystay qaybta 3aad ee Ciidanka Qaranka, waxaanay muddo saddex habeen ah soo afjareen.  In ka badan 50 dhallinyaro ah ayaa la xiray.  Badhasaabka Gobolka Sanaag Axmed Cabdi Muuse, ayaa ka digay in dhalinyarada la xidh-xidhay la horgeyn doono sharciga, balse aanay waalidkood ka caban
==Juqraafiga==
===Deegaanka===
[[File:Gerenuks in Samburu.jpg|thumb|]]
10 kiiloomitir ama 6.2 mayl dhinaca woqooyi ee magaalada ayaa ah hadhaaga kaynta juniper, oo ku socota cidhifka saqafka sare ee ka muuqda Gacanka Cadmeed.  Xirmada ayaa qiyaastii 2,000 mitir ama 6,560 cagood ka sarraysa heerka badda, halkaas oo waddada Ceerigaabo ka soo baxda ay hoos ugu dhacdo ilaa xeebta.  2 kiiloo mitir ama 1.2 mayl galbeed ka xigta, waxay kor u kacdaa meesha ugu sarraysa ee Somalia Shimbiris.  Soo jiidashada maxalli ah ee caanka ah, shirku wuxuu ku fadhiyaa meel sare oo ku saabsan 2,470 mitir ama 8,100 cagood oo ka sarreeya heerka badda.  Waxa kale oo waddo ka baxda Ceerigaabo ilaa buurta Daallo.  Buurta ugu sarreysa, badda waxaa lagu arki karaa marka laga reebo magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Xiis oo ku taal meel u dhow.Ceerigaabo waxa kale oo ay hoy u tahay xoolo iyo dhir badan.  Duurjoogta deegaanka u dhashay waxaa ka mid ah shabeelka, waraabaha fiiqan, dhurwaaga xariijimaha ah, dawacyada dhabarka madow, gerenuk, hamadryas baboon, warthog saxare ah, bajaar malabka, gorayada Soomaalida iyo maro Warsangli ah.
===Cimilada===
Marka loo eego kala soocida cimilada Köppen, Ceerigaabo waxay leedahay nooc khafiif ah oo cimilo-yar oomane ah.  Guud ahaan magaaladu waxay sanadka oo dhan aragta kulayl siman, iyadoo cimilo ahaan ugu yar Somalia oo dhan.  In kasta oo ay ku taal kulaylaha, joogga sare awgeed, heerkulku dhif buu dhaafaa 30 °C ama 86 °F.  Habeenku inta badan waa qabow xilliga xagaaga iyo qabowga xilliga jiilaalka.  Tani waa sifo lala wadaago meelo aad u yar oo adduunka ah;  meelaha caanka ah ee leh cimilo la mid ah waa Sanca ee Yemen ama Arequipa ee Peru.  Magaaladu waxay heshaa celcelis ahaan wax ka hooseeya 450 milimitir ama 18 inji oo roob ah sannadkii.  Celceliska heerkulka bishii wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 14.3 ° C ama 57.7 °F bisha Disembar ilaa 19.7 °C ama 67.5 °F bisha Luulyo.  Heerkulka ugu hooseeya ee ugu yar mararka qaarkood wuu taabtaa ama gooyaa 0 °C ama 32 °F.
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Sanadkii 1997, Matt Bryden wuxuu sheegay in dadka ugu badan ay yihiin [[Habar Yoonis|Habr Yoonis]] iyo qabiilka [[Habar Jeclo|Habr Je'lo]] ee Isaaq.
Sannadkii 2009-kii, Sawir-qaade &amp; Aqoonyahan Chantal Heijnen waxa uu sheegay in Ceerigaabo ay ku nool yihiin dad lagu qiyaasay 180,000.
Sannadkii 2013 kii, waxa la sheegay in magaalada Ceerigaabo ay degan yihiin dad gaadhaya 30,000 oo qof, isla markaana ay degan yihiin afar beelood oo kala ah Habr Jeelo, Habar Yoonis, Warsangali, iyo Dhulbahante oo tiro yar oo qabiilo kale ah.
==Waxbarashada==
Waxbarashada sare ee Ceerigaabo waxa bixiya Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika (EAU), oo lixdeeda laamood ku leh magaalada.  Jaamacada Sanaag waxa kale oo ay bixisaa shahaado jaamacadeed iyo shahaado jaamacadeed, jaamacada Gollis waxa ay leedahay laan iyo kuliyado badan.  Jaamacadda Queen of Sheba waxay siisaa haweenka Sanaag koorsooyin shahaado bilaash ah iyo tiro xaddidan oo meelo adduunka oo dhan ah oo qaab fogaan ah.
==Maamulka==
Arrimaha magaalada waxa maamula maayarka Ceerigaabo.  Canshuuraha waxaa qaada oo ururiya golaha deegaanka ee degmada laga bilaabo 1999. Magaalada ayaa isku xidha magaalada Burco ee xarunta gobolka Togdheer iyo sidoo kale dalka intiisa kale iyadoo la marayo wadada Siilaanyo.
==Adeegyada==
Magaaladu waxay hoy u tahay ururka Boy Scouts.  Scouts oo ay sameeyeen sannadkii 2005-tii maamulka gobolka Sanaag ayaa ka qayb-qaata hawlo kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin barnaamijkii 2006-dii ee tababar ku saabsan maamulka, nabadda iyo hoggaaminta.
==Dadka deegaanka oo xusid mudan==
Abdullahi Qarshe - Aabaha Fanka Soomaaliyeed.

Jaamac Cali Korsheel – Guddoomiye ku xigeenkii hore ee Golihii Sare ee Kacaanka

Abdullahi Jama Mahamed
Orodyahanka masaafada dhexe.

Shay Mire Dacar - Fanaanka iyo Fanaanka Soomaaliyeed

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
{{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Sanaag}}
[https://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.aspx?storyid=1095348715&amp;title=Somaliland-The-UN-and-its-JPLG-Program-have-Orphaned-Erigavo-Mayor-Ismail-Haji-Nur Somaliland: UN-ta Iyo Barnaamijkeeda JPLG-ga Ayaa Agoon Ka Dhigay Ceerigaabo.]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=IfgxAQAAQBAJ&amp;q=appointed+a+governor+of+erigavo&amp;pg=PA170 Soosaarayaasha  Marleen.  (2012-01-20).]

[http://haatuf.net/Archive2003/Barwaqo.htm Faarax &quot;Barwaaqo&quot;, Cabdiraxmaan (2003).]

[https://laashin.com/taariikhdii-halgamaa-sheekh-bashiir-sh-yuusuf-wq-prof-yaxye-sheekh-caamir/ &quot;Taariikhdii Halgamaa: Sheekh Bashiir Sh. Yuusuf. W/Q: Prof Yaxye Sheekh Caamir | Laashin iyo Hal-abuur&quot;]

[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600720 &quot;Xummata Ayaxa&quot;: Qarannimada caanka ah ee 1945-kii Kacdoonkii La-dagaalanka Ayaxa ee Gumeysiga Somaliland&quot; Mohamed, Jama (2002)] 

[https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm Guddida Nabadgelyada Gobolka Sanaag Oo Ka Hadlay Shaqaaqadii Ka Dhacday Ceerigaabo.  Hiiraan  online]  [https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm 2024-06-22.]

[http://gallery.mailchimp.com/8f102acd5706302123896fceb/files/Governance_Leadership_and_Management_Programme_for_Somalia.doc Shirkadda Mannion Daniels Limited waxay ku saleysantahay Maraykanka.  20 Juun 2013.]
[[Category:sanaag]]
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      <text bytes="13333" sha1="anlqc16b66dtowxle0jimchc6jvwbsp" xml:space="preserve">Ceerigaabo ({{langx|so|Ceerigaabo}}) , ({{langx|ar|عيرجابو}}), sidoo kale loo higaadiyay sida  Ceerigaabo, waa magaalo madaxda iyo magaalada ugu weyn gobolka [[Sanaag]] ee [[Soomaaliya]].{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Ceerigaabo
| other_name         = 
| native_name        = عيرجابو ([[Carabi]])
| nickname           = 
| settlement_type    = Magaalo
| motto              = 
| image_skyline      = [[File:Erigabo.jpg|thumb|]]
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_map          = 
| mapsize            = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = Puntland
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Puntland
| coordinates_display = 
| coordinates_region = 
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Soomaaliya}}
| subdivision_type1  = Maamul Goboleedka
| subdivision_type2  = Gobol
| subdivision_type3  = Degmo
| subdivision_name1  = 
| subdivision_name2  = [[Sanaag]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Ceerigaabo]]
| government_note    = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = Gudoomiyaha
| leader_name        = Ismaaciil Xaaji Nuur
| leader_title1      = Darajo
| leader_name1       = 5aad
| leader_title3      = Cufnaanta
| leader_name2       = 2,000 meter m (6,560 feet ft)
| leader_title4      = Sare u qaadis
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| area_magnitude     = 
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_note          = 
| area_total_km2     = 26,000
| area_land_km2      = 
| population_as_of   = 
| population_footnotes = 
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 180,000
| population_density_km2 = 
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| latd               = 
| latm               = 
| lats               = 
| latNS              = 
| longd              = 
| longm              = 
| longs              = 
| longEW             = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = [[+252]]
| blank_name         = 
| blank_info         = 
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
}}

==Asalka erayga==
*Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa uu ka kooban yahay laba qaybood oo kala ah Ceeri oo qeexaya meel ay biyuhu ku ururaan, iyo gaabo (gaaban), oo macneheedu yahay gaaban iyo mid hoose.  Ceeri waxa kale oo ay noqon kartaa soo gaabinta ceeryaan, erayga af-soomaaliga ee ceeryaamo/ ceeryaan.  Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa laga yaabaa inuu tilmaamayo ceeryaamo sudhan oo daboolaya magaalada
*Liiska magaalooyinka Somalia
*[[Sanaag|Gobolka Sanaag]]

== Taariikhda ==
[[File:Erigavo2.jpg|thumb|Jidkii hore ee Ceerigaabo.]]Deegaanka Ceerigaabo waa dhawr qarni.  Deegaanka ku xeeran waxa loo malaynayaa in uu dhisay Madigan Dir. Ceerigaabo Casriga ah waxa dhidibada u taagay beesha Muuse Ismaaciil oo ka mid ah beelaha Habr Yuunis si ay u noqoto ceel-guri oo ay maraan reer-guuraaga iyo safarrada. Aagga guud waxaa lagu tilmaamaa qabuuro taariikhi ah oo tiro badan, oo ay ku aasan yihiin abtirsiinyo kala duwan oo Soomaaliyeed.
===1945kii Sheekh Bashiir Jabhad===
[[File:Sheikh Bashir praying.jpg|thumb|Sheekh Bashiir oo tukanaya salaad sunno ah, 1920kii]]
Jabhaddii Sheekh Bashiir&lt;ref&gt;https://wardheernews.com/sheikh-bashir-sheikh-yusuf-the-leader-of-the-final-jihad-in-somaliland/&lt;/ref&gt; 1945-kii waxay ahayd jabhad ay halgamayaashi islaam ku qaadeen magaalooyinka Burco iyo Ceerigaabo ee maxmiyaddii hore ee British Somaliland oo ka soo horjeeday maamulkii Ingiriiska bishii July 1945-kii oo uu hoggaaminayey Sheekh Bashiir oo ahaa hoggaamiye diimeed Soomaaliyeed.
2-dii bishii July ayaa Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu magaalada Wadaamagoo ku ururiyay 25 ka mid ah xertiisa oo uu ku soo raray gaadhi xamuul ah oo uu ku soo qaaday agagaarka magaalada Burco, halkaas oo uu hub ugu qaybiyay kala badh xertiisa.  Habeenimadii 3-dii July kooxdan ayaa gudaha u galay magaalada Burco, waxaanay rasaas ku fureen ciidanka ilaalada xabsiga dhexe ee magaaladaas, kuwaas oo ay buux dhaafiyeen maxaabiis loo xidhay mudaharaadyo hore.  Kooxdan ayaa sidoo kale weerar ku qaaday guriga guddoomiyaha degmada Burco, Gaashaanle Sare, taasoo sababtay dhimashada askari ka tirsan ciidanka booliska ee Gaashaanle Rugta, ka hor intii aanay u fakarin Buur-dhabe oo ah buur istaraatiiji ah oo koonfur-bari ka xigta magaalada Burco, halkaas oo cutubka yar ee Sheekh Bashiir ay fadhiisiyeen dhufays, isla markaana ay difaac ka galeen iyagoo filaya weerar rogaal-celis ah oo uu Ingiriisku ku soo qaadi doono.
Ololihii Ingiriiska ee ka dhanka ahaa ciidamadii Sheekh Bashiir ayaa noqday mid dhicisoobay ka dib markii dhowr jeer laga adkaaday iyadoo ciidamadiisu ay kolba meel u guurayeen, kana fogaadeen meel kasta oo joogto ah.  Wax yar ka hor ayaa socdaalku ka baxay deegaanka, warku waxa uu si xawli ah ugu socday reer-guuraaga Soomaaliyeed ee ku teedsan bannaanka.  Dagaalku waxa uu daaha ka rogay maamulkii Ingriiska oo bahdilay.  Dawladdu waxay ku soo gebogebaysay in duullaan kale oo isaga ka dhan ah aanu waxba tarayn;  waa in ay dhistaan ​​wado tareen, wadooyin sameeyaan oo ay si wax ku ool ah u qabsadaan guud ahaan ilaalinta, haddii kale ay gabi ahaanba ka tagaan gudaha.  Koorsadii dambe ayaa la go’aamiyay, waxaana bilihii ugu horreeyay ee 1945-kii laga noqday jagooyinkii hore, maamulkii Ingiriiskana wuxuu ku ekaa xeebta magaalada Berbera.Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu xaliyay khilaafyo badan oo ka dhex jiray qabaa’ilka deegaankaas ku dhaqan, kuwaas oo u diiday in ay isku duulaan.  Guud ahaan waxa loo malaynayay in uu khilaafyada ku xaliyo shareecada Islaamka oo uu ku soo ururiyo taageerayaal xooggan.
Sheekh Bashiir ayaa baaq u diray culimaa’udiinka ku dhaqan magaalada Ceerigaabo, waxaanu ugu baaqay inay kacaan oo ay ku biiraan jabhadda uu hoggaamiyo.  Culimaa’udiinka iyo sidoo kale shacabka reer Ceerigaabo ayaa u hogaansamay baaqiisa, waxayna magaalada Ceerigaabo ka soo abaabuleen dad aad u tiro badan oo ku hubaysan qoryo iyo warmo, kacdoonna ka sameeyay.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa si degdeg ah oo adag uga jawaabay, iyaga oo gurmad u diray magaalada, rasaasna ku furay kooxihii hubaysnaa laba &quot;ficil maxalli ah&quot; iyo sidoo kale xidh-xidhay hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta ee magaalada.Maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa qoray ciidamo Hindi iyo Koonfur Afrikaan ah oo uu hoggaaminayay Jeneraalka Booliska James David, si ay ula dagaalamaan Sheekh Bashiir, waxaana qorshahan sirdoonku uu ahaa in gacanta lagu soo dhigo isagoo nool.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa abaabulay ciidan booliis ah, aakhirkiina 7dii Luulyo waxay ka heleen Sheekh Bashiir iyo qaybtiisii ​​oo difaac ka gadaashay dhufaysyadooda buuraha Bur Dhab.  Ka dib markii ay isku dhaceen Sheekh Bashiir iyo taliyihiisii ​​labaad, Caalin Yuusuf Cali oo lagu naanaysi jiray Qaybdiid ayaa la dilay.  Jabhad saddexaad ayaa la dhaawacay waxaana lala qabtay laba kale oo jabhad ah.  Inta kale waxay ka carareen dhufaysyadii oo kala yaaceen.  Dhinaca Ingiriiska waxaa iska horimaadka ku dhintay Jeneraalka Booliska oo hoggaaminayay ciidamada Ingiriiska iyo tiro ka tirsan ciidamada Hindiya iyo Koonfur Afrika, waxaana ku dhaawacmay askari boolis ah.In kasta oo geerida Sheekh Bashiir iyo xertiisa ay iska caabin kala horyimaadeen maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa weli ka socda Somalia, gaar ahaan magaalada Ceerigaabo oo ay dhimashadiisu iska caabin hor leh ka abuurtay magaalada iyo magaalada Badhan, isla markaana keentay in weerarro lagu qaado ciidammada gumaystaha Ingiriiska ee degmada oo dhan, isla markaana lagala wareego hubkii laga soo qaaday dhismihii miyiga.
===Dhacdooyinkii u dambeeyay===
May 2024 waxa Ceerigaabo ka dhacay jabhad.  Ciidanka Booliska deegaanka oo kali ah inay damiyaan dhacdadaas, ayaa waxa gacan ka geystay qaybta 3aad ee Ciidanka Qaranka, waxaanay muddo saddex habeen ah soo afjareen.  In ka badan 50 dhallinyaro ah ayaa la xiray.  Badhasaabka Gobolka Sanaag Axmed Cabdi Muuse, ayaa ka digay in dhalinyarada la xidh-xidhay la horgeyn doono sharciga, balse aanay waalidkood ka caban
==Juqraafiga==
===Deegaanka===
[[File:Gerenuks in Samburu.jpg|thumb|]]
10 kiiloomitir ama 6.2 mayl dhinaca woqooyi ee magaalada ayaa ah hadhaaga kaynta juniper, oo ku socota cidhifka saqafka sare ee ka muuqda Gacanka Cadmeed.  Xirmada ayaa qiyaastii 2,000 mitir ama 6,560 cagood ka sarraysa heerka badda, halkaas oo waddada Ceerigaabo ka soo baxda ay hoos ugu dhacdo ilaa xeebta.  2 kiiloo mitir ama 1.2 mayl galbeed ka xigta, waxay kor u kacdaa meesha ugu sarraysa ee Somalia Shimbiris.  Soo jiidashada maxalli ah ee caanka ah, shirku wuxuu ku fadhiyaa meel sare oo ku saabsan 2,470 mitir ama 8,100 cagood oo ka sarreeya heerka badda.  Waxa kale oo waddo ka baxda Ceerigaabo ilaa buurta Daallo.  Buurta ugu sarreysa, badda waxaa lagu arki karaa marka laga reebo magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Xiis oo ku taal meel u dhow.Ceerigaabo waxa kale oo ay hoy u tahay xoolo iyo dhir badan.  Duurjoogta deegaanka u dhashay waxaa ka mid ah shabeelka, waraabaha fiiqan, dhurwaaga xariijimaha ah, dawacyada dhabarka madow, gerenuk, hamadryas baboon, warthog saxare ah, bajaar malabka, gorayada Soomaalida iyo maro Warsangli ah.
===Cimilada===
Marka loo eego kala soocida cimilada Köppen, Ceerigaabo waxay leedahay nooc khafiif ah oo cimilo-yar oomane ah.  Guud ahaan magaaladu waxay sanadka oo dhan aragta kulayl siman, iyadoo cimilo ahaan ugu yar Somalia oo dhan.  In kasta oo ay ku taal kulaylaha, joogga sare awgeed, heerkulku dhif buu dhaafaa 30 °C ama 86 °F.  Habeenku inta badan waa qabow xilliga xagaaga iyo qabowga xilliga jiilaalka.  Tani waa sifo lala wadaago meelo aad u yar oo adduunka ah;  meelaha caanka ah ee leh cimilo la mid ah waa Sanca ee Yemen ama Arequipa ee Peru.  Magaaladu waxay heshaa celcelis ahaan wax ka hooseeya 450 milimitir ama 18 inji oo roob ah sannadkii.  Celceliska heerkulka bishii wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 14.3 ° C ama 57.7 °F bisha Disembar ilaa 19.7 °C ama 67.5 °F bisha Luulyo.  Heerkulka ugu hooseeya ee ugu yar mararka qaarkood wuu taabtaa ama gooyaa 0 °C ama 32 °F.
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Sanadkii 1997, Matt Bryden wuxuu sheegay in dadka ugu badan ay yihiin [[Habar Yoonis|Habr Yoonis]] iyo qabiilka [[Habar Jeclo|Habr Je'lo]] ee Isaaq.
Sannadkii 2009-kii, Sawir-qaade &amp; Aqoonyahan Chantal Heijnen waxa uu sheegay in Ceerigaabo ay ku nool yihiin dad lagu qiyaasay 180,000.
Sannadkii 2013 kii, waxa la sheegay in magaalada Ceerigaabo ay degan yihiin dad gaadhaya 30,000 oo qof, isla markaana ay degan yihiin afar beelood oo kala ah Habr Jeelo, Habar Yoonis, Warsangali, iyo Dhulbahante oo tiro yar oo qabiilo kale ah.
==Waxbarashada==
Waxbarashada sare ee Ceerigaabo waxa bixiya Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika (EAU), oo lixdeeda laamood ku leh magaalada.  Jaamacada Sanaag waxa kale oo ay bixisaa shahaado jaamacadeed iyo shahaado jaamacadeed, jaamacada Gollis waxa ay leedahay laan iyo kuliyado badan.  Jaamacadda Queen of Sheba waxay siisaa haweenka Sanaag koorsooyin shahaado bilaash ah iyo tiro xaddidan oo meelo adduunka oo dhan ah oo qaab fogaan ah.
==Maamulka==
Arrimaha magaalada waxa maamula maayarka Ceerigaabo.  Canshuuraha waxaa qaada oo ururiya golaha deegaanka ee degmada laga bilaabo 1999. Magaalada ayaa isku xidha magaalada Burco ee xarunta gobolka Togdheer iyo sidoo kale dalka intiisa kale iyadoo la marayo wadada Siilaanyo.
==Adeegyada==
Magaaladu waxay hoy u tahay ururka Boy Scouts.  Scouts oo ay sameeyeen sannadkii 2005-tii maamulka gobolka Sanaag ayaa ka qayb-qaata hawlo kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin barnaamijkii 2006-dii ee tababar ku saabsan maamulka, nabadda iyo hoggaaminta.
==Dadka deegaanka oo xusid mudan==
Abdullahi Qarshe - Aabaha Fanka Soomaaliyeed.

Jaamac Cali Korsheel – Guddoomiye ku xigeenkii hore ee Golihii Sare ee Kacaanka

Abdullahi Jama Mahamed
Orodyahanka masaafada dhexe.

Shay Mire Dacar - Fanaanka iyo Fanaanka Soomaaliyeed

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
{{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Sanaag}}
[https://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.aspx?storyid=1095348715&amp;title=Somaliland-The-UN-and-its-JPLG-Program-have-Orphaned-Erigavo-Mayor-Ismail-Haji-Nur Somaliland: UN-ta Iyo Barnaamijkeeda JPLG-ga Ayaa Agoon Ka Dhigay Ceerigaabo.]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=IfgxAQAAQBAJ&amp;q=appointed+a+governor+of+erigavo&amp;pg=PA170 Soosaarayaasha  Marleen.  (2012-01-20).]

[http://haatuf.net/Archive2003/Barwaqo.htm Faarax &quot;Barwaaqo&quot;, Cabdiraxmaan (2003).]

[https://laashin.com/taariikhdii-halgamaa-sheekh-bashiir-sh-yuusuf-wq-prof-yaxye-sheekh-caamir/ &quot;Taariikhdii Halgamaa: Sheekh Bashiir Sh. Yuusuf. W/Q: Prof Yaxye Sheekh Caamir | Laashin iyo Hal-abuur&quot;]

[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600720 &quot;Xummata Ayaxa&quot;: Qarannimada caanka ah ee 1945-kii Kacdoonkii La-dagaalanka Ayaxa ee Gumeysiga Somaliland&quot; Mohamed, Jama (2002)] 

[https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm Guddida Nabadgelyada Gobolka Sanaag Oo Ka Hadlay Shaqaaqadii Ka Dhacday Ceerigaabo.  Hiiraan  online]  [https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm 2024-06-22.]

[http://gallery.mailchimp.com/8f102acd5706302123896fceb/files/Governance_Leadership_and_Management_Programme_for_Somalia.doc Shirkadda Mannion Daniels Limited waxay ku saleysantahay Maraykanka.  20 Juun 2013.]
[[Category:sanaag]]
{{gumud}}
[[Category:Sanaag]]
[[Category:Soomaaliya]]</text>
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      <text bytes="13337" sha1="891vto8q7f0pjvmnnle81d9oku9hw2l" xml:space="preserve">Ceerigaabo ({{langx|so|Ceerigaabo}}) , ({{langx|ar|عيرجابو}}), sidoo kale loo higaadiyay sida  Ceerigaabo, waa magaalo madaxda iyo magaalada ugu weyn gobolka [[Sanaag]] ee [[Soomaaliya]].{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Ceerigaabo
| other_name         = 
| native_name        = عيرجابو ([[Carabi]])
| nickname           = 
| settlement_type    = Magaalo
| motto              = 
| image_skyline      = [[File:Erigabo.jpg|thumb|]]
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_map          = 
| mapsize            = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = Puntland
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Puntland
| coordinates_display = 
| coordinates_region = 
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Soomaaliya}}
| subdivision_type1  = Maamul Goboleedka
| subdivision_type2  = Gobol
| subdivision_type3  = Degmo
| subdivision_name1  = 
| subdivision_name2  = [[Sanaag]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Ceerigaabo]]
| government_note    = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = Gudoomiyaha
| leader_name        = Ismaaciil Xaaji Nuur
| leader_title1      = Darajo
| leader_name1       = 5aad
| leader_title3      = Cufnaanta
| leader_name2       = 2,000 meter m (6,560 feet ft)
| leader_title4      = Sare u qaadis
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| area_magnitude     = 
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_note          = 
| area_total_km2     = 26,000
| area_land_km2      = 
| population_as_of   = 
| population_footnotes = 
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 180,000
| population_density_km2 = 
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| latd               = 
| latm               = 
| lats               = 
| latNS              = 
| longd              = 
| longm              = 
| longs              = 
| longEW             = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = [[+252]]
| blank_name         = 
| blank_info         = 
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
}}

==Asalka erayga==
*Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa uu ka kooban yahay laba qaybood oo kala ah Ceeri oo qeexaya meel ay biyuhu ku ururaan, iyo gaabo (gaaban), oo macneheedu yahay gaaban iyo mid hoose.  Ceeri waxa kale oo ay noqon kartaa soo gaabinta ceeryaan, erayga af-soomaaliga ee ceeryaamo/ ceeryaan.  Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa laga yaabaa inuu tilmaamayo ceeryaamo sudhan oo daboolaya magaalada
*Liiska magaalooyinka Soomaaliya 
*[[Sanaag|Gobolka Sanaag]]

== Taariikhda ==
[[File:Erigavo2.jpg|thumb|Jidkii hore ee Ceerigaabo.]]Deegaanka Ceerigaabo waa dhawr qarni.  Deegaanka ku xeeran waxa loo malaynayaa in uu dhisay Madigan Dir. Ceerigaabo Casriga ah waxa dhidibada u taagay beesha Muuse Ismaaciil oo ka mid ah beelaha Habr Yuunis si ay u noqoto ceel-guri oo ay maraan reer-guuraaga iyo safarrada. Aagga guud waxaa lagu tilmaamaa qabuuro taariikhi ah oo tiro badan, oo ay ku aasan yihiin abtirsiinyo kala duwan oo Soomaaliyeed.
===1945kii Sheekh Bashiir Jabhad===
[[File:Sheikh Bashir praying.jpg|thumb|Sheekh Bashiir oo tukanaya salaad sunno ah, 1920kii]]
Jabhaddii Sheekh Bashiir&lt;ref&gt;https://wardheernews.com/sheikh-bashir-sheikh-yusuf-the-leader-of-the-final-jihad-in-somaliland/&lt;/ref&gt; 1945-kii waxay ahayd jabhad ay halgamayaashi islaam ku qaadeen magaalooyinka Burco iyo Ceerigaabo ee maxmiyaddii hore ee British Somaliland oo ka soo horjeeday maamulkii Ingiriiska bishii July 1945-kii oo uu hoggaaminayey Sheekh Bashiir oo ahaa hoggaamiye diimeed Soomaaliyeed.
2-dii bishii July ayaa Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu magaalada Wadaamagoo ku ururiyay 25 ka mid ah xertiisa oo uu ku soo raray gaadhi xamuul ah oo uu ku soo qaaday agagaarka magaalada Burco, halkaas oo uu hub ugu qaybiyay kala badh xertiisa.  Habeenimadii 3-dii July kooxdan ayaa gudaha u galay magaalada Burco, waxaanay rasaas ku fureen ciidanka ilaalada xabsiga dhexe ee magaaladaas, kuwaas oo ay buux dhaafiyeen maxaabiis loo xidhay mudaharaadyo hore.  Kooxdan ayaa sidoo kale weerar ku qaaday guriga guddoomiyaha degmada Burco, Gaashaanle Sare, taasoo sababtay dhimashada askari ka tirsan ciidanka booliska ee Gaashaanle Rugta, ka hor intii aanay u fakarin Buur-dhabe oo ah buur istaraatiiji ah oo koonfur-bari ka xigta magaalada Burco, halkaas oo cutubka yar ee Sheekh Bashiir ay fadhiisiyeen dhufays, isla markaana ay difaac ka galeen iyagoo filaya weerar rogaal-celis ah oo uu Ingiriisku ku soo qaadi doono.
Ololihii Ingiriiska ee ka dhanka ahaa ciidamadii Sheekh Bashiir ayaa noqday mid dhicisoobay ka dib markii dhowr jeer laga adkaaday iyadoo ciidamadiisu ay kolba meel u guurayeen, kana fogaadeen meel kasta oo joogto ah.  Wax yar ka hor ayaa socdaalku ka baxay deegaanka, warku waxa uu si xawli ah ugu socday reer-guuraaga Soomaaliyeed ee ku teedsan bannaanka.  Dagaalku waxa uu daaha ka rogay maamulkii Ingriiska oo bahdilay.  Dawladdu waxay ku soo gebogebaysay in duullaan kale oo isaga ka dhan ah aanu waxba tarayn;  waa in ay dhistaan ​​wado tareen, wadooyin sameeyaan oo ay si wax ku ool ah u qabsadaan guud ahaan ilaalinta, haddii kale ay gabi ahaanba ka tagaan gudaha.  Koorsadii dambe ayaa la go’aamiyay, waxaana bilihii ugu horreeyay ee 1945-kii laga noqday jagooyinkii hore, maamulkii Ingiriiskana wuxuu ku ekaa xeebta magaalada Berbera.Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu xaliyay khilaafyo badan oo ka dhex jiray qabaa’ilka deegaankaas ku dhaqan, kuwaas oo u diiday in ay isku duulaan.  Guud ahaan waxa loo malaynayay in uu khilaafyada ku xaliyo shareecada Islaamka oo uu ku soo ururiyo taageerayaal xooggan.
Sheekh Bashiir ayaa baaq u diray culimaa’udiinka ku dhaqan magaalada Ceerigaabo, waxaanu ugu baaqay inay kacaan oo ay ku biiraan jabhadda uu hoggaamiyo.  Culimaa’udiinka iyo sidoo kale shacabka reer Ceerigaabo ayaa u hogaansamay baaqiisa, waxayna magaalada Ceerigaabo ka soo abaabuleen dad aad u tiro badan oo ku hubaysan qoryo iyo warmo, kacdoonna ka sameeyay.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa si degdeg ah oo adag uga jawaabay, iyaga oo gurmad u diray magaalada, rasaasna ku furay kooxihii hubaysnaa laba &quot;ficil maxalli ah&quot; iyo sidoo kale xidh-xidhay hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta ee magaalada.Maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa qoray ciidamo Hindi iyo Koonfur Afrikaan ah oo uu hoggaaminayay Jeneraalka Booliska James David, si ay ula dagaalamaan Sheekh Bashiir, waxaana qorshahan sirdoonku uu ahaa in gacanta lagu soo dhigo isagoo nool.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa abaabulay ciidan booliis ah, aakhirkiina 7dii Luulyo waxay ka heleen Sheekh Bashiir iyo qaybtiisii ​​oo difaac ka gadaashay dhufaysyadooda buuraha Bur Dhab.  Ka dib markii ay isku dhaceen Sheekh Bashiir iyo taliyihiisii ​​labaad, Caalin Yuusuf Cali oo lagu naanaysi jiray Qaybdiid ayaa la dilay.  Jabhad saddexaad ayaa la dhaawacay waxaana lala qabtay laba kale oo jabhad ah.  Inta kale waxay ka carareen dhufaysyadii oo kala yaaceen.  Dhinaca Ingiriiska waxaa iska horimaadka ku dhintay Jeneraalka Booliska oo hoggaaminayay ciidamada Ingiriiska iyo tiro ka tirsan ciidamada Hindiya iyo Koonfur Afrika, waxaana ku dhaawacmay askari boolis ah.In kasta oo geerida Sheekh Bashiir iyo xertiisa ay iska caabin kala horyimaadeen maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa weli ka socda Somalia, gaar ahaan magaalada Ceerigaabo oo ay dhimashadiisu iska caabin hor leh ka abuurtay magaalada iyo magaalada Badhan, isla markaana keentay in weerarro lagu qaado ciidammada gumaystaha Ingiriiska ee degmada oo dhan, isla markaana lagala wareego hubkii laga soo qaaday dhismihii miyiga.
===Dhacdooyinkii u dambeeyay===
May 2024 waxa Ceerigaabo ka dhacay jabhad.  Ciidanka Booliska deegaanka oo kali ah inay damiyaan dhacdadaas, ayaa waxa gacan ka geystay qaybta 3aad ee Ciidanka Qaranka, waxaanay muddo saddex habeen ah soo afjareen.  In ka badan 50 dhallinyaro ah ayaa la xiray.  Badhasaabka Gobolka Sanaag Axmed Cabdi Muuse, ayaa ka digay in dhalinyarada la xidh-xidhay la horgeyn doono sharciga, balse aanay waalidkood ka caban
==Juqraafiga==
===Deegaanka===
[[File:Gerenuks in Samburu.jpg|thumb|]]
10 kiiloomitir ama 6.2 mayl dhinaca woqooyi ee magaalada ayaa ah hadhaaga kaynta juniper, oo ku socota cidhifka saqafka sare ee ka muuqda Gacanka Cadmeed.  Xirmada ayaa qiyaastii 2,000 mitir ama 6,560 cagood ka sarraysa heerka badda, halkaas oo waddada Ceerigaabo ka soo baxda ay hoos ugu dhacdo ilaa xeebta.  2 kiiloo mitir ama 1.2 mayl galbeed ka xigta, waxay kor u kacdaa meesha ugu sarraysa ee Somalia Shimbiris.  Soo jiidashada maxalli ah ee caanka ah, shirku wuxuu ku fadhiyaa meel sare oo ku saabsan 2,470 mitir ama 8,100 cagood oo ka sarreeya heerka badda.  Waxa kale oo waddo ka baxda Ceerigaabo ilaa buurta Daallo.  Buurta ugu sarreysa, badda waxaa lagu arki karaa marka laga reebo magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Xiis oo ku taal meel u dhow.Ceerigaabo waxa kale oo ay hoy u tahay xoolo iyo dhir badan.  Duurjoogta deegaanka u dhashay waxaa ka mid ah shabeelka, waraabaha fiiqan, dhurwaaga xariijimaha ah, dawacyada dhabarka madow, gerenuk, hamadryas baboon, warthog saxare ah, bajaar malabka, gorayada Soomaalida iyo maro Warsangli ah.
===Cimilada===
Marka loo eego kala soocida cimilada Köppen, Ceerigaabo waxay leedahay nooc khafiif ah oo cimilo-yar oomane ah.  Guud ahaan magaaladu waxay sanadka oo dhan aragta kulayl siman, iyadoo cimilo ahaan ugu yar Somalia oo dhan.  In kasta oo ay ku taal kulaylaha, joogga sare awgeed, heerkulku dhif buu dhaafaa 30 °C ama 86 °F.  Habeenku inta badan waa qabow xilliga xagaaga iyo qabowga xilliga jiilaalka.  Tani waa sifo lala wadaago meelo aad u yar oo adduunka ah;  meelaha caanka ah ee leh cimilo la mid ah waa Sanca ee Yemen ama Arequipa ee Peru.  Magaaladu waxay heshaa celcelis ahaan wax ka hooseeya 450 milimitir ama 18 inji oo roob ah sannadkii.  Celceliska heerkulka bishii wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 14.3 ° C ama 57.7 °F bisha Disembar ilaa 19.7 °C ama 67.5 °F bisha Luulyo.  Heerkulka ugu hooseeya ee ugu yar mararka qaarkood wuu taabtaa ama gooyaa 0 °C ama 32 °F.
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Sanadkii 1997, Matt Bryden wuxuu sheegay in dadka ugu badan ay yihiin [[Habar Yoonis|Habr Yoonis]] iyo qabiilka [[Habar Jeclo|Habr Je'lo]] ee Isaaq.
Sannadkii 2009-kii, Sawir-qaade &amp; Aqoonyahan Chantal Heijnen waxa uu sheegay in Ceerigaabo ay ku nool yihiin dad lagu qiyaasay 180,000.
Sannadkii 2013 kii, waxa la sheegay in magaalada Ceerigaabo ay degan yihiin dad gaadhaya 30,000 oo qof, isla markaana ay degan yihiin afar beelood oo kala ah Habr Jeelo, Habar Yoonis, Warsangali, iyo Dhulbahante oo tiro yar oo qabiilo kale ah.
==Waxbarashada==
Waxbarashada sare ee Ceerigaabo waxa bixiya Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika (EAU), oo lixdeeda laamood ku leh magaalada.  Jaamacada Sanaag waxa kale oo ay bixisaa shahaado jaamacadeed iyo shahaado jaamacadeed, jaamacada Gollis waxa ay leedahay laan iyo kuliyado badan.  Jaamacadda Queen of Sheba waxay siisaa haweenka Sanaag koorsooyin shahaado bilaash ah iyo tiro xaddidan oo meelo adduunka oo dhan ah oo qaab fogaan ah.
==Maamulka==
Arrimaha magaalada waxa maamula maayarka Ceerigaabo.  Canshuuraha waxaa qaada oo ururiya golaha deegaanka ee degmada laga bilaabo 1999. Magaalada ayaa isku xidha magaalada Burco ee xarunta gobolka Togdheer iyo sidoo kale dalka intiisa kale iyadoo la marayo wadada Siilaanyo.
==Adeegyada==
Magaaladu waxay hoy u tahay ururka Boy Scouts.  Scouts oo ay sameeyeen sannadkii 2005-tii maamulka gobolka Sanaag ayaa ka qayb-qaata hawlo kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin barnaamijkii 2006-dii ee tababar ku saabsan maamulka, nabadda iyo hoggaaminta.
==Dadka deegaanka oo xusid mudan==
Abdullahi Qarshe - Aabaha Fanka Soomaaliyeed.

Jaamac Cali Korsheel – Guddoomiye ku xigeenkii hore ee Golihii Sare ee Kacaanka

Abdullahi Jama Mahamed
Orodyahanka masaafada dhexe.

Shay Mire Dacar - Fanaanka iyo Fanaanka Soomaaliyeed

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
{{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Sanaag}}
[https://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.aspx?storyid=1095348715&amp;title=Somaliland-The-UN-and-its-JPLG-Program-have-Orphaned-Erigavo-Mayor-Ismail-Haji-Nur Somaliland: UN-ta Iyo Barnaamijkeeda JPLG-ga Ayaa Agoon Ka Dhigay Ceerigaabo.]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=IfgxAQAAQBAJ&amp;q=appointed+a+governor+of+erigavo&amp;pg=PA170 Soosaarayaasha  Marleen.  (2012-01-20).]

[http://haatuf.net/Archive2003/Barwaqo.htm Faarax &quot;Barwaaqo&quot;, Cabdiraxmaan (2003).]

[https://laashin.com/taariikhdii-halgamaa-sheekh-bashiir-sh-yuusuf-wq-prof-yaxye-sheekh-caamir/ &quot;Taariikhdii Halgamaa: Sheekh Bashiir Sh. Yuusuf. W/Q: Prof Yaxye Sheekh Caamir | Laashin iyo Hal-abuur&quot;]

[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600720 &quot;Xummata Ayaxa&quot;: Qarannimada caanka ah ee 1945-kii Kacdoonkii La-dagaalanka Ayaxa ee Gumeysiga Somaliland&quot; Mohamed, Jama (2002)] 

[https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm Guddida Nabadgelyada Gobolka Sanaag Oo Ka Hadlay Shaqaaqadii Ka Dhacday Ceerigaabo.  Hiiraan  online]  [https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm 2024-06-22.]

[http://gallery.mailchimp.com/8f102acd5706302123896fceb/files/Governance_Leadership_and_Management_Programme_for_Somalia.doc Shirkadda Mannion Daniels Limited waxay ku saleysantahay Maraykanka.  20 Juun 2013.]
[[Category:sanaag]]
{{gumud}}
[[Category:Sanaag]]
[[Category:Soomaaliya]]</text>
      <sha1>891vto8q7f0pjvmnnle81d9oku9hw2l</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>311791</id>
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      <comment>/* 1945kii Sheekh Bashiir Jabhad */</comment>
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      <text bytes="13341" sha1="4wrkovnuyk1mtmyz76ne5tvos1lm3la" xml:space="preserve">Ceerigaabo ({{langx|so|Ceerigaabo}}) , ({{langx|ar|عيرجابو}}), sidoo kale loo higaadiyay sida  Ceerigaabo, waa magaalo madaxda iyo magaalada ugu weyn gobolka [[Sanaag]] ee [[Soomaaliya]].{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Ceerigaabo
| other_name         = 
| native_name        = عيرجابو ([[Carabi]])
| nickname           = 
| settlement_type    = Magaalo
| motto              = 
| image_skyline      = [[File:Erigabo.jpg|thumb|]]
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_map          = 
| mapsize            = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = Puntland
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Puntland
| coordinates_display = 
| coordinates_region = 
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Soomaaliya}}
| subdivision_type1  = Maamul Goboleedka
| subdivision_type2  = Gobol
| subdivision_type3  = Degmo
| subdivision_name1  = 
| subdivision_name2  = [[Sanaag]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Ceerigaabo]]
| government_note    = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = Gudoomiyaha
| leader_name        = Ismaaciil Xaaji Nuur
| leader_title1      = Darajo
| leader_name1       = 5aad
| leader_title3      = Cufnaanta
| leader_name2       = 2,000 meter m (6,560 feet ft)
| leader_title4      = Sare u qaadis
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| area_magnitude     = 
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_note          = 
| area_total_km2     = 26,000
| area_land_km2      = 
| population_as_of   = 
| population_footnotes = 
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 180,000
| population_density_km2 = 
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| latd               = 
| latm               = 
| lats               = 
| latNS              = 
| longd              = 
| longm              = 
| longs              = 
| longEW             = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = [[+252]]
| blank_name         = 
| blank_info         = 
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
}}

==Asalka erayga==
*Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa uu ka kooban yahay laba qaybood oo kala ah Ceeri oo qeexaya meel ay biyuhu ku ururaan, iyo gaabo (gaaban), oo macneheedu yahay gaaban iyo mid hoose.  Ceeri waxa kale oo ay noqon kartaa soo gaabinta ceeryaan, erayga af-soomaaliga ee ceeryaamo/ ceeryaan.  Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa laga yaabaa inuu tilmaamayo ceeryaamo sudhan oo daboolaya magaalada
*Liiska magaalooyinka Soomaaliya 
*[[Sanaag|Gobolka Sanaag]]

== Taariikhda ==
[[File:Erigavo2.jpg|thumb|Jidkii hore ee Ceerigaabo.]]Deegaanka Ceerigaabo waa dhawr qarni.  Deegaanka ku xeeran waxa loo malaynayaa in uu dhisay Madigan Dir. Ceerigaabo Casriga ah waxa dhidibada u taagay beesha Muuse Ismaaciil oo ka mid ah beelaha Habr Yuunis si ay u noqoto ceel-guri oo ay maraan reer-guuraaga iyo safarrada. Aagga guud waxaa lagu tilmaamaa qabuuro taariikhi ah oo tiro badan, oo ay ku aasan yihiin abtirsiinyo kala duwan oo Soomaaliyeed.
===1945kii Sheekh Bashiir Jabhad===
[[File:Sheikh Bashir praying.jpg|thumb|Sheekh Bashiir oo tukanaya salaad sunno ah, 1920kii]]
Jabhaddii Sheekh Bashiir&lt;ref&gt;https://wardheernews.com/sheikh-bashir-sheikh-yusuf-the-leader-of-the-final-jihad-in-somaliland/&lt;/ref&gt; 1945-kii waxay ahayd jabhad ay halgamayaashi islaam ku qaadeen magaalooyinka Burco iyo Ceerigaabo ee maxmiyaddii hore ee British Somaliland oo ka soo horjeeday maamulkii Ingiriiska bishii July 1945-kii oo uu hoggaaminayey Sheekh Bashiir oo ahaa hoggaamiye diimeed Soomaaliyeed.
2-dii bishii July ayaa Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu magaalada Wadaamagoo ku ururiyay 25 ka mid ah xertiisa oo uu ku soo raray gaadhi xamuul ah oo uu ku soo qaaday agagaarka magaalada Burco, halkaas oo uu hub ugu qaybiyay kala badh xertiisa.  Habeenimadii 3-dii July kooxdan ayaa gudaha u galay magaalada Burco, waxaanay rasaas ku fureen ciidanka ilaalada xabsiga dhexe ee magaaladaas, kuwaas oo ay buux dhaafiyeen maxaabiis loo xidhay mudaharaadyo hore.  Kooxdan ayaa sidoo kale weerar ku qaaday guriga guddoomiyaha degmada Burco, Gaashaanle Sare, taasoo sababtay dhimashada askari ka tirsan ciidanka booliska ee Gaashaanle Rugta, ka hor intii aanay u fakarin Buur-dhabe oo ah buur istaraatiiji ah oo koonfur-bari ka xigta magaalada Burco, halkaas oo cutubka yar ee Sheekh Bashiir ay fadhiisiyeen dhufays, isla markaana ay difaac ka galeen iyagoo filaya weerar rogaal-celis ah oo uu Ingiriisku ku soo qaadi doono.
Ololihii Ingiriiska ee ka dhanka ahaa ciidamadii Sheekh Bashiir ayaa noqday mid dhicisoobay ka dib markii dhowr jeer laga adkaaday iyadoo ciidamadiisu ay kolba meel u guurayeen, kana fogaadeen meel kasta oo joogto ah.  Wax yar ka hor ayaa socdaalku ka baxay deegaanka, warku waxa uu si xawli ah ugu socday reer-guuraaga Soomaaliyeed ee ku teedsan bannaanka.  Dagaalku waxa uu daaha ka rogay maamulkii Ingriiska oo bahdilay.  Dawladdu waxay ku soo gebogebaysay in duullaan kale oo isaga ka dhan ah aanu waxba tarayn;  waa in ay dhistaan ​​wado tareen, wadooyin sameeyaan oo ay si wax ku ool ah u qabsadaan guud ahaan ilaalinta, haddii kale ay gabi ahaanba ka tagaan gudaha.  Koorsadii dambe ayaa la go’aamiyay, waxaana bilihii ugu horreeyay ee 1945-kii laga noqday jagooyinkii hore, maamulkii Ingiriiskana wuxuu ku ekaa xeebta magaalada Berbera.Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu xaliyay khilaafyo badan oo ka dhex jiray qabaa’ilka deegaankaas ku dhaqan, kuwaas oo u diiday in ay isku duulaan.  Guud ahaan waxa loo malaynayay in uu khilaafyada ku xaliyo shareecada Islaamka oo uu ku soo ururiyo taageerayaal xooggan.
Sheekh Bashiir ayaa baaq u diray culimaa’udiinka ku dhaqan magaalada Ceerigaabo, waxaanu ugu baaqay inay kacaan oo ay ku biiraan jabhadda uu hoggaamiyo.  Culimaa’udiinka iyo sidoo kale shacabka reer Ceerigaabo ayaa u hogaansamay baaqiisa, waxayna magaalada Ceerigaabo ka soo abaabuleen dad aad u tiro badan oo ku hubaysan qoryo iyo warmo, kacdoonna ka sameeyay.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa si degdeg ah oo adag uga jawaabay, iyaga oo gurmad u diray magaalada, rasaasna ku furay kooxihii hubaysnaa laba &quot;ficil maxalli ah&quot; iyo sidoo kale xidh-xidhay hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta ee magaalada.Maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa qoray ciidamo Hindi iyo Koonfur Afrikaan ah oo uu hoggaaminayay Jeneraalka Booliska James David, si ay ula dagaalamaan Sheekh Bashiir, waxaana qorshahan sirdoonku uu ahaa in gacanta lagu soo dhigo isagoo nool.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa abaabulay ciidan booliis ah, aakhirkiina 7dii Luulyo waxay ka heleen Sheekh Bashiir iyo qaybtiisii ​​oo difaac ka gadaashay dhufaysyadooda buuraha Bur Dhab.  Ka dib markii ay isku dhaceen Sheekh Bashiir iyo taliyihiisii ​​labaad, Caalin Yuusuf Cali oo lagu naanaysi jiray Qaybdiid ayaa la dilay.  Jabhad saddexaad ayaa la dhaawacay waxaana lala qabtay laba kale oo jabhad ah.  Inta kale waxay ka carareen dhufaysyadii oo kala yaaceen.  Dhinaca Ingiriiska waxaa iska horimaadka ku dhintay Jeneraalka Booliska oo hoggaaminayay ciidamada Ingiriiska iyo tiro ka tirsan ciidamada Hindiya iyo Koonfur Afrika, waxaana ku dhaawacmay askari boolis ah.In kasta oo geerida Sheekh Bashiir iyo xertiisa ay iska caabin kala horyimaadeen maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa weli ka socda Soomaaliya, gaar ahaan magaalada Ceerigaabo oo ay dhimashadiisu iska caabin hor leh ka abuurtay magaalada iyo magaalada Badhan, isla markaana keentay in weerarro lagu qaado ciidammada gumaystaha Ingiriiska ee degmada oo dhan, isla markaana lagala wareego hubkii laga soo qaaday dhismihii miyiga.

===Dhacdooyinkii u dambeeyay===
May 2024 waxa Ceerigaabo ka dhacay jabhad.  Ciidanka Booliska deegaanka oo kali ah inay damiyaan dhacdadaas, ayaa waxa gacan ka geystay qaybta 3aad ee Ciidanka Qaranka, waxaanay muddo saddex habeen ah soo afjareen.  In ka badan 50 dhallinyaro ah ayaa la xiray.  Badhasaabka Gobolka Sanaag Axmed Cabdi Muuse, ayaa ka digay in dhalinyarada la xidh-xidhay la horgeyn doono sharciga, balse aanay waalidkood ka caban
==Juqraafiga==
===Deegaanka===
[[File:Gerenuks in Samburu.jpg|thumb|]]
10 kiiloomitir ama 6.2 mayl dhinaca woqooyi ee magaalada ayaa ah hadhaaga kaynta juniper, oo ku socota cidhifka saqafka sare ee ka muuqda Gacanka Cadmeed.  Xirmada ayaa qiyaastii 2,000 mitir ama 6,560 cagood ka sarraysa heerka badda, halkaas oo waddada Ceerigaabo ka soo baxda ay hoos ugu dhacdo ilaa xeebta.  2 kiiloo mitir ama 1.2 mayl galbeed ka xigta, waxay kor u kacdaa meesha ugu sarraysa ee Somalia Shimbiris.  Soo jiidashada maxalli ah ee caanka ah, shirku wuxuu ku fadhiyaa meel sare oo ku saabsan 2,470 mitir ama 8,100 cagood oo ka sarreeya heerka badda.  Waxa kale oo waddo ka baxda Ceerigaabo ilaa buurta Daallo.  Buurta ugu sarreysa, badda waxaa lagu arki karaa marka laga reebo magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Xiis oo ku taal meel u dhow.Ceerigaabo waxa kale oo ay hoy u tahay xoolo iyo dhir badan.  Duurjoogta deegaanka u dhashay waxaa ka mid ah shabeelka, waraabaha fiiqan, dhurwaaga xariijimaha ah, dawacyada dhabarka madow, gerenuk, hamadryas baboon, warthog saxare ah, bajaar malabka, gorayada Soomaalida iyo maro Warsangli ah.
===Cimilada===
Marka loo eego kala soocida cimilada Köppen, Ceerigaabo waxay leedahay nooc khafiif ah oo cimilo-yar oomane ah.  Guud ahaan magaaladu waxay sanadka oo dhan aragta kulayl siman, iyadoo cimilo ahaan ugu yar Somalia oo dhan.  In kasta oo ay ku taal kulaylaha, joogga sare awgeed, heerkulku dhif buu dhaafaa 30 °C ama 86 °F.  Habeenku inta badan waa qabow xilliga xagaaga iyo qabowga xilliga jiilaalka.  Tani waa sifo lala wadaago meelo aad u yar oo adduunka ah;  meelaha caanka ah ee leh cimilo la mid ah waa Sanca ee Yemen ama Arequipa ee Peru.  Magaaladu waxay heshaa celcelis ahaan wax ka hooseeya 450 milimitir ama 18 inji oo roob ah sannadkii.  Celceliska heerkulka bishii wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 14.3 ° C ama 57.7 °F bisha Disembar ilaa 19.7 °C ama 67.5 °F bisha Luulyo.  Heerkulka ugu hooseeya ee ugu yar mararka qaarkood wuu taabtaa ama gooyaa 0 °C ama 32 °F.
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Sanadkii 1997, Matt Bryden wuxuu sheegay in dadka ugu badan ay yihiin [[Habar Yoonis|Habr Yoonis]] iyo qabiilka [[Habar Jeclo|Habr Je'lo]] ee Isaaq.
Sannadkii 2009-kii, Sawir-qaade &amp; Aqoonyahan Chantal Heijnen waxa uu sheegay in Ceerigaabo ay ku nool yihiin dad lagu qiyaasay 180,000.
Sannadkii 2013 kii, waxa la sheegay in magaalada Ceerigaabo ay degan yihiin dad gaadhaya 30,000 oo qof, isla markaana ay degan yihiin afar beelood oo kala ah Habr Jeelo, Habar Yoonis, Warsangali, iyo Dhulbahante oo tiro yar oo qabiilo kale ah.
==Waxbarashada==
Waxbarashada sare ee Ceerigaabo waxa bixiya Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika (EAU), oo lixdeeda laamood ku leh magaalada.  Jaamacada Sanaag waxa kale oo ay bixisaa shahaado jaamacadeed iyo shahaado jaamacadeed, jaamacada Gollis waxa ay leedahay laan iyo kuliyado badan.  Jaamacadda Queen of Sheba waxay siisaa haweenka Sanaag koorsooyin shahaado bilaash ah iyo tiro xaddidan oo meelo adduunka oo dhan ah oo qaab fogaan ah.
==Maamulka==
Arrimaha magaalada waxa maamula maayarka Ceerigaabo.  Canshuuraha waxaa qaada oo ururiya golaha deegaanka ee degmada laga bilaabo 1999. Magaalada ayaa isku xidha magaalada Burco ee xarunta gobolka Togdheer iyo sidoo kale dalka intiisa kale iyadoo la marayo wadada Siilaanyo.
==Adeegyada==
Magaaladu waxay hoy u tahay ururka Boy Scouts.  Scouts oo ay sameeyeen sannadkii 2005-tii maamulka gobolka Sanaag ayaa ka qayb-qaata hawlo kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin barnaamijkii 2006-dii ee tababar ku saabsan maamulka, nabadda iyo hoggaaminta.
==Dadka deegaanka oo xusid mudan==
Abdullahi Qarshe - Aabaha Fanka Soomaaliyeed.

Jaamac Cali Korsheel – Guddoomiye ku xigeenkii hore ee Golihii Sare ee Kacaanka

Abdullahi Jama Mahamed
Orodyahanka masaafada dhexe.

Shay Mire Dacar - Fanaanka iyo Fanaanka Soomaaliyeed

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
{{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Sanaag}}
[https://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.aspx?storyid=1095348715&amp;title=Somaliland-The-UN-and-its-JPLG-Program-have-Orphaned-Erigavo-Mayor-Ismail-Haji-Nur Somaliland: UN-ta Iyo Barnaamijkeeda JPLG-ga Ayaa Agoon Ka Dhigay Ceerigaabo.]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=IfgxAQAAQBAJ&amp;q=appointed+a+governor+of+erigavo&amp;pg=PA170 Soosaarayaasha  Marleen.  (2012-01-20).]

[http://haatuf.net/Archive2003/Barwaqo.htm Faarax &quot;Barwaaqo&quot;, Cabdiraxmaan (2003).]

[https://laashin.com/taariikhdii-halgamaa-sheekh-bashiir-sh-yuusuf-wq-prof-yaxye-sheekh-caamir/ &quot;Taariikhdii Halgamaa: Sheekh Bashiir Sh. Yuusuf. W/Q: Prof Yaxye Sheekh Caamir | Laashin iyo Hal-abuur&quot;]

[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600720 &quot;Xummata Ayaxa&quot;: Qarannimada caanka ah ee 1945-kii Kacdoonkii La-dagaalanka Ayaxa ee Gumeysiga Somaliland&quot; Mohamed, Jama (2002)] 

[https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm Guddida Nabadgelyada Gobolka Sanaag Oo Ka Hadlay Shaqaaqadii Ka Dhacday Ceerigaabo.  Hiiraan  online]  [https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm 2024-06-22.]

[http://gallery.mailchimp.com/8f102acd5706302123896fceb/files/Governance_Leadership_and_Management_Programme_for_Somalia.doc Shirkadda Mannion Daniels Limited waxay ku saleysantahay Maraykanka.  20 Juun 2013.]
[[Category:sanaag]]
{{gumud}}
[[Category:Sanaag]]
[[Category:Soomaaliya]]</text>
      <sha1>4wrkovnuyk1mtmyz76ne5tvos1lm3la</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>311792</id>
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      <text bytes="13345" sha1="hnbmilnabwj1a5n0jqm355ddalpgv8v" xml:space="preserve">Ceerigaabo ({{langx|so|Ceerigaabo}}) , ({{langx|ar|عيرجابو}}), sidoo kale loo higaadiyay sida  Ceerigaabo, waa magaalo madaxda iyo magaalada ugu weyn gobolka [[Sanaag]] ee [[Soomaaliya]].{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Ceerigaabo
| other_name         = 
| native_name        = عيرجابو ([[Carabi]])
| nickname           = 
| settlement_type    = Magaalo
| motto              = 
| image_skyline      = [[File:Erigabo.jpg|thumb|]]
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_map          = 
| mapsize            = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = Puntland
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Puntland
| coordinates_display = 
| coordinates_region = 
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Soomaaliya}}
| subdivision_type1  = Maamul Goboleedka
| subdivision_type2  = Gobol
| subdivision_type3  = Degmo
| subdivision_name1  = 
| subdivision_name2  = [[Sanaag]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Ceerigaabo]]
| government_note    = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = Gudoomiyaha
| leader_name        = Ismaaciil Xaaji Nuur
| leader_title1      = Darajo
| leader_name1       = 5aad
| leader_title3      = Cufnaanta
| leader_name2       = 2,000 meter m (6,560 feet ft)
| leader_title4      = Sare u qaadis
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| area_magnitude     = 
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_note          = 
| area_total_km2     = 26,000
| area_land_km2      = 
| population_as_of   = 
| population_footnotes = 
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 180,000
| population_density_km2 = 
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| latd               = 
| latm               = 
| lats               = 
| latNS              = 
| longd              = 
| longm              = 
| longs              = 
| longEW             = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = [[+252]]
| blank_name         = 
| blank_info         = 
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
}}

==Asalka erayga==
*Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa uu ka kooban yahay laba qaybood oo kala ah Ceeri oo qeexaya meel ay biyuhu ku ururaan, iyo gaabo (gaaban), oo macneheedu yahay gaaban iyo mid hoose.  Ceeri waxa kale oo ay noqon kartaa soo gaabinta ceeryaan, erayga af-soomaaliga ee ceeryaamo/ ceeryaan.  Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa laga yaabaa inuu tilmaamayo ceeryaamo sudhan oo daboolaya magaalada
*Liiska magaalooyinka Soomaaliya 
*[[Sanaag|Gobolka Sanaag]]

== Taariikhda ==
[[File:Erigavo2.jpg|thumb|Jidkii hore ee Ceerigaabo.]]Deegaanka Ceerigaabo waa dhawr qarni.  Deegaanka ku xeeran waxa loo malaynayaa in uu dhisay Madigan Dir. Ceerigaabo Casriga ah waxa dhidibada u taagay beesha Muuse Ismaaciil oo ka mid ah beelaha Habr Yuunis si ay u noqoto ceel-guri oo ay maraan reer-guuraaga iyo safarrada. Aagga guud waxaa lagu tilmaamaa qabuuro taariikhi ah oo tiro badan, oo ay ku aasan yihiin abtirsiinyo kala duwan oo Soomaaliyeed.
===1945kii Sheekh Bashiir Jabhad===
[[File:Sheikh Bashir praying.jpg|thumb|Sheekh Bashiir oo tukanaya salaad sunno ah, 1920kii]]
Jabhaddii Sheekh Bashiir&lt;ref&gt;https://wardheernews.com/sheikh-bashir-sheikh-yusuf-the-leader-of-the-final-jihad-in-somaliland/&lt;/ref&gt; 1945-kii waxay ahayd jabhad ay halgamayaashi islaam ku qaadeen magaalooyinka Burco iyo Ceerigaabo ee maxmiyaddii hore ee British Somaliland oo ka soo horjeeday maamulkii Ingiriiska bishii July 1945-kii oo uu hoggaaminayey Sheekh Bashiir oo ahaa hoggaamiye diimeed Soomaaliyeed.
2-dii bishii July ayaa Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu magaalada Wadaamagoo ku ururiyay 25 ka mid ah xertiisa oo uu ku soo raray gaadhi xamuul ah oo uu ku soo qaaday agagaarka magaalada Burco, halkaas oo uu hub ugu qaybiyay kala badh xertiisa.  Habeenimadii 3-dii July kooxdan ayaa gudaha u galay magaalada Burco, waxaanay rasaas ku fureen ciidanka ilaalada xabsiga dhexe ee magaaladaas, kuwaas oo ay buux dhaafiyeen maxaabiis loo xidhay mudaharaadyo hore.  Kooxdan ayaa sidoo kale weerar ku qaaday guriga guddoomiyaha degmada Burco, Gaashaanle Sare, taasoo sababtay dhimashada askari ka tirsan ciidanka booliska ee Gaashaanle Rugta, ka hor intii aanay u fakarin Buur-dhabe oo ah buur istaraatiiji ah oo koonfur-bari ka xigta magaalada Burco, halkaas oo cutubka yar ee Sheekh Bashiir ay fadhiisiyeen dhufays, isla markaana ay difaac ka galeen iyagoo filaya weerar rogaal-celis ah oo uu Ingiriisku ku soo qaadi doono.
Ololihii Ingiriiska ee ka dhanka ahaa ciidamadii Sheekh Bashiir ayaa noqday mid dhicisoobay ka dib markii dhowr jeer laga adkaaday iyadoo ciidamadiisu ay kolba meel u guurayeen, kana fogaadeen meel kasta oo joogto ah.  Wax yar ka hor ayaa socdaalku ka baxay deegaanka, warku waxa uu si xawli ah ugu socday reer-guuraaga Soomaaliyeed ee ku teedsan bannaanka.  Dagaalku waxa uu daaha ka rogay maamulkii Ingriiska oo bahdilay.  Dawladdu waxay ku soo gebogebaysay in duullaan kale oo isaga ka dhan ah aanu waxba tarayn;  waa in ay dhistaan ​​wado tareen, wadooyin sameeyaan oo ay si wax ku ool ah u qabsadaan guud ahaan ilaalinta, haddii kale ay gabi ahaanba ka tagaan gudaha.  Koorsadii dambe ayaa la go’aamiyay, waxaana bilihii ugu horreeyay ee 1945-kii laga noqday jagooyinkii hore, maamulkii Ingiriiskana wuxuu ku ekaa xeebta magaalada Berbera.Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu xaliyay khilaafyo badan oo ka dhex jiray qabaa’ilka deegaankaas ku dhaqan, kuwaas oo u diiday in ay isku duulaan.  Guud ahaan waxa loo malaynayay in uu khilaafyada ku xaliyo shareecada Islaamka oo uu ku soo ururiyo taageerayaal xooggan.
Sheekh Bashiir ayaa baaq u diray culimaa’udiinka ku dhaqan magaalada Ceerigaabo, waxaanu ugu baaqay inay kacaan oo ay ku biiraan jabhadda uu hoggaamiyo.  Culimaa’udiinka iyo sidoo kale shacabka reer Ceerigaabo ayaa u hogaansamay baaqiisa, waxayna magaalada Ceerigaabo ka soo abaabuleen dad aad u tiro badan oo ku hubaysan qoryo iyo warmo, kacdoonna ka sameeyay.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa si degdeg ah oo adag uga jawaabay, iyaga oo gurmad u diray magaalada, rasaasna ku furay kooxihii hubaysnaa laba &quot;ficil maxalli ah&quot; iyo sidoo kale xidh-xidhay hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta ee magaalada.Maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa qoray ciidamo Hindi iyo Koonfur Afrikaan ah oo uu hoggaaminayay Jeneraalka Booliska James David, si ay ula dagaalamaan Sheekh Bashiir, waxaana qorshahan sirdoonku uu ahaa in gacanta lagu soo dhigo isagoo nool.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa abaabulay ciidan booliis ah, aakhirkiina 7dii Luulyo waxay ka heleen Sheekh Bashiir iyo qaybtiisii ​​oo difaac ka gadaashay dhufaysyadooda buuraha Bur Dhab.  Ka dib markii ay isku dhaceen Sheekh Bashiir iyo taliyihiisii ​​labaad, Caalin Yuusuf Cali oo lagu naanaysi jiray Qaybdiid ayaa la dilay.  Jabhad saddexaad ayaa la dhaawacay waxaana lala qabtay laba kale oo jabhad ah.  Inta kale waxay ka carareen dhufaysyadii oo kala yaaceen.  Dhinaca Ingiriiska waxaa iska horimaadka ku dhintay Jeneraalka Booliska oo hoggaaminayay ciidamada Ingiriiska iyo tiro ka tirsan ciidamada Hindiya iyo Koonfur Afrika, waxaana ku dhaawacmay askari boolis ah.In kasta oo geerida Sheekh Bashiir iyo xertiisa ay iska caabin kala horyimaadeen maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa weli ka socda Soomaaliya, gaar ahaan magaalada Ceerigaabo oo ay dhimashadiisu iska caabin hor leh ka abuurtay magaalada iyo magaalada Badhan, isla markaana keentay in weerarro lagu qaado ciidammada gumaystaha Ingiriiska ee degmada oo dhan, isla markaana lagala wareego hubkii laga soo qaaday dhismihii miyiga.

===Dhacdooyinkii u dambeeyay===
May 2024 waxa Ceerigaabo ka dhacay jabhad.  Ciidanka Booliska deegaanka oo kali ah inay damiyaan dhacdadaas, ayaa waxa gacan ka geystay qaybta 3aad ee Ciidanka Qaranka, waxaanay muddo saddex habeen ah soo afjareen.  In ka badan 50 dhallinyaro ah ayaa la xiray.  Badhasaabka Gobolka Sanaag Axmed Cabdi Muuse, ayaa ka digay in dhalinyarada la xidh-xidhay la horgeyn doono sharciga, balse aanay waalidkood ka caban
==Juqraafiga==
===Deegaanka===
[[File:Gerenuks in Samburu.jpg|thumb|]]
10 kiiloomitir ama 6.2 mayl dhinaca woqooyi ee magaalada ayaa ah hadhaaga kaynta juniper, oo ku socota cidhifka saqafka sare ee ka muuqda Gacanka Cadmeed.  Xirmada ayaa qiyaastii 2,000 mitir ama 6,560 cagood ka sarraysa heerka badda, halkaas oo waddada Ceerigaabo ka soo baxda ay hoos ugu dhacdo ilaa xeebta.  2 kiiloo mitir ama 1.2 mayl galbeed ka xigta, waxay kor u kacdaa meesha ugu sarraysa ee Somalia Shimbiris.  Soo jiidashada maxalli ah ee caanka ah, shirku wuxuu ku fadhiyaa meel sare oo ku saabsan 2,470 mitir ama 8,100 cagood oo ka sarreeya heerka badda.  Waxa kale oo waddo ka baxda Ceerigaabo ilaa buurta Daallo.  Buurta ugu sarreysa, badda waxaa lagu arki karaa marka laga reebo magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Xiis oo ku taal meel u dhow.Ceerigaabo waxa kale oo ay hoy u tahay xoolo iyo dhir badan.  Duurjoogta deegaanka u dhashay waxaa ka mid ah shabeelka, waraabaha fiiqan, dhurwaaga xariijimaha ah, dawacyada dhabarka madow, gerenuk, hamadryas baboon, warthog saxare ah, bajaar malabka, gorayada Soomaalida iyo maro Warsangli ah.
===Cimilada===
Marka loo eego kala soocida cimilada Köppen, Ceerigaabo waxay leedahay nooc khafiif ah oo cimilo-yar oomane ah.  Guud ahaan magaaladu waxay sanadka oo dhan aragta kulayl siman, iyadoo cimilo ahaan ugu yar Soomaaliya oo dhan.  In kasta oo ay ku taal kulaylaha, joogga sare awgeed, heerkulku dhif buu dhaafaa 30 °C ama 86 °F.  Habeenku inta badan waa qabow xilliga xagaaga iyo qabowga xilliga jiilaalka.  Tani waa sifo lala wadaago meelo aad u yar oo adduunka ah;  meelaha caanka ah ee leh cimilo la mid ah waa Sanca ee Yemen ama Arequipa ee Peru.  Magaaladu waxay heshaa celcelis ahaan wax ka hooseeya 450 milimitir ama 18 inji oo roob ah sannadkii.  Celceliska heerkulka bishii wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 14.3 ° C ama 57.7 °F bisha Disembar ilaa 19.7 °C ama 67.5 °F bisha Luulyo.  Heerkulka ugu hooseeya ee ugu yar mararka qaarkood wuu taabtaa ama gooyaa 0 °C ama 32 °F.

==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Sanadkii 1997, Matt Bryden wuxuu sheegay in dadka ugu badan ay yihiin [[Habar Yoonis|Habr Yoonis]] iyo qabiilka [[Habar Jeclo|Habr Je'lo]] ee Isaaq.
Sannadkii 2009-kii, Sawir-qaade &amp; Aqoonyahan Chantal Heijnen waxa uu sheegay in Ceerigaabo ay ku nool yihiin dad lagu qiyaasay 180,000.
Sannadkii 2013 kii, waxa la sheegay in magaalada Ceerigaabo ay degan yihiin dad gaadhaya 30,000 oo qof, isla markaana ay degan yihiin afar beelood oo kala ah Habr Jeelo, Habar Yoonis, Warsangali, iyo Dhulbahante oo tiro yar oo qabiilo kale ah.
==Waxbarashada==
Waxbarashada sare ee Ceerigaabo waxa bixiya Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika (EAU), oo lixdeeda laamood ku leh magaalada.  Jaamacada Sanaag waxa kale oo ay bixisaa shahaado jaamacadeed iyo shahaado jaamacadeed, jaamacada Gollis waxa ay leedahay laan iyo kuliyado badan.  Jaamacadda Queen of Sheba waxay siisaa haweenka Sanaag koorsooyin shahaado bilaash ah iyo tiro xaddidan oo meelo adduunka oo dhan ah oo qaab fogaan ah.
==Maamulka==
Arrimaha magaalada waxa maamula maayarka Ceerigaabo.  Canshuuraha waxaa qaada oo ururiya golaha deegaanka ee degmada laga bilaabo 1999. Magaalada ayaa isku xidha magaalada Burco ee xarunta gobolka Togdheer iyo sidoo kale dalka intiisa kale iyadoo la marayo wadada Siilaanyo.
==Adeegyada==
Magaaladu waxay hoy u tahay ururka Boy Scouts.  Scouts oo ay sameeyeen sannadkii 2005-tii maamulka gobolka Sanaag ayaa ka qayb-qaata hawlo kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin barnaamijkii 2006-dii ee tababar ku saabsan maamulka, nabadda iyo hoggaaminta.
==Dadka deegaanka oo xusid mudan==
Abdullahi Qarshe - Aabaha Fanka Soomaaliyeed.

Jaamac Cali Korsheel – Guddoomiye ku xigeenkii hore ee Golihii Sare ee Kacaanka

Abdullahi Jama Mahamed
Orodyahanka masaafada dhexe.

Shay Mire Dacar - Fanaanka iyo Fanaanka Soomaaliyeed

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
{{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Sanaag}}
[https://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.aspx?storyid=1095348715&amp;title=Somaliland-The-UN-and-its-JPLG-Program-have-Orphaned-Erigavo-Mayor-Ismail-Haji-Nur Somaliland: UN-ta Iyo Barnaamijkeeda JPLG-ga Ayaa Agoon Ka Dhigay Ceerigaabo.]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=IfgxAQAAQBAJ&amp;q=appointed+a+governor+of+erigavo&amp;pg=PA170 Soosaarayaasha  Marleen.  (2012-01-20).]

[http://haatuf.net/Archive2003/Barwaqo.htm Faarax &quot;Barwaaqo&quot;, Cabdiraxmaan (2003).]

[https://laashin.com/taariikhdii-halgamaa-sheekh-bashiir-sh-yuusuf-wq-prof-yaxye-sheekh-caamir/ &quot;Taariikhdii Halgamaa: Sheekh Bashiir Sh. Yuusuf. W/Q: Prof Yaxye Sheekh Caamir | Laashin iyo Hal-abuur&quot;]

[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600720 &quot;Xummata Ayaxa&quot;: Qarannimada caanka ah ee 1945-kii Kacdoonkii La-dagaalanka Ayaxa ee Gumeysiga Somaliland&quot; Mohamed, Jama (2002)] 

[https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm Guddida Nabadgelyada Gobolka Sanaag Oo Ka Hadlay Shaqaaqadii Ka Dhacday Ceerigaabo.  Hiiraan  online]  [https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm 2024-06-22.]

[http://gallery.mailchimp.com/8f102acd5706302123896fceb/files/Governance_Leadership_and_Management_Programme_for_Somalia.doc Shirkadda Mannion Daniels Limited waxay ku saleysantahay Maraykanka.  20 Juun 2013.]
[[Category:sanaag]]
{{gumud}}
[[Category:Sanaag]]
[[Category:Soomaaliya]]</text>
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      <text bytes="13423" sha1="m8se2hh698gpfibzx71b1c1thafgn07" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Ceerigaabo
| other_name         = 
| native_name        = {{native name|so|Ceerigaabo}}&lt;br /&gt;{{native name|ar|عيرجابو|italic=no}}
| nickname           = 
| settlement_type    = Magaalo
| motto              = 
| image_skyline      = [[File:Erigabo.jpg|thumb|]]
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_map          = 
| mapsize            = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map            = Soomaaliya 
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_relief         = yes
| coordinates            = {{coord|10|37|05|N|047|22|12|E|region:SO-SA|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Soomaaliya}}
| subdivision_type1  = Maamul Goboleedka
| subdivision_type2  = Gobol
| subdivision_type3  = Degmo
| subdivision_name1  = 
| subdivision_name2  = [[Sanaag]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Ceerigaabo]]
| government_note    = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = Gudoomiyaha
| leader_name        = Ismaaciil Xaaji Nuur
| leader_title1      = Darajo
| leader_name1       = 5aad
| leader_title3      = Cufnaanta
| leader_name2       = 2,000 meter m (6,560 feet ft)
| leader_title4      = Sare u qaadis
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| area_magnitude     = 
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_note          = 
| area_total_km2     = 26,000
| area_land_km2      = 
| population_as_of   = 
| population_footnotes = 
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 180,000
| population_density_km2 = 
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| latd               = 
| latm               = 
| lats               = 
| latNS              = 
| longd              = 
| longm              = 
| longs              = 
| longEW             = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = [[+252]]
| blank_name         = 
| blank_info         = 
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
}}
Ceerigaabo ({{langx|so|Ceerigaabo}}) , ({{langx|ar|عيرجابو}}), sidoo kale loo higaadiyay sida  Ceerigaabo, waa magaalo madaxda iyo magaalada ugu weyn gobolka [[Sanaag]] ee [[Soomaaliya]].

==Asalka erayga==
*Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa uu ka kooban yahay laba qaybood oo kala ah Ceeri oo qeexaya meel ay biyuhu ku ururaan, iyo gaabo (gaaban), oo macneheedu yahay gaaban iyo mid hoose.  Ceeri waxa kale oo ay noqon kartaa soo gaabinta ceeryaan, erayga af-soomaaliga ee ceeryaamo/ ceeryaan.  Magaca Ceerigaabo waxa laga yaabaa inuu tilmaamayo ceeryaamo sudhan oo daboolaya magaalada
*Liiska magaalooyinka Soomaaliya 
*[[Sanaag|Gobolka Sanaag]]

== Taariikhda ==
[[File:Erigavo2.jpg|thumb|Jidkii hore ee Ceerigaabo.]]Deegaanka Ceerigaabo waa dhawr qarni.  Deegaanka ku xeeran waxa loo malaynayaa in uu dhisay Madigan Dir. Ceerigaabo Casriga ah waxa dhidibada u taagay beesha Muuse Ismaaciil oo ka mid ah beelaha Habr Yuunis si ay u noqoto ceel-guri oo ay maraan reer-guuraaga iyo safarrada. Aagga guud waxaa lagu tilmaamaa qabuuro taariikhi ah oo tiro badan, oo ay ku aasan yihiin abtirsiinyo kala duwan oo Soomaaliyeed.
===1945kii Sheekh Bashiir Jabhad===
[[File:Sheikh Bashir praying.jpg|thumb|Sheekh Bashiir oo tukanaya salaad sunno ah, 1920kii]]
Jabhaddii Sheekh Bashiir&lt;ref&gt;https://wardheernews.com/sheikh-bashir-sheikh-yusuf-the-leader-of-the-final-jihad-in-somaliland/&lt;/ref&gt; 1945-kii waxay ahayd jabhad ay halgamayaashi islaam ku qaadeen magaalooyinka Burco iyo Ceerigaabo ee maxmiyaddii hore ee British Somaliland oo ka soo horjeeday maamulkii Ingiriiska bishii July 1945-kii oo uu hoggaaminayey Sheekh Bashiir oo ahaa hoggaamiye diimeed Soomaaliyeed.
2-dii bishii July ayaa Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu magaalada Wadaamagoo ku ururiyay 25 ka mid ah xertiisa oo uu ku soo raray gaadhi xamuul ah oo uu ku soo qaaday agagaarka magaalada Burco, halkaas oo uu hub ugu qaybiyay kala badh xertiisa.  Habeenimadii 3-dii July kooxdan ayaa gudaha u galay magaalada Burco, waxaanay rasaas ku fureen ciidanka ilaalada xabsiga dhexe ee magaaladaas, kuwaas oo ay buux dhaafiyeen maxaabiis loo xidhay mudaharaadyo hore.  Kooxdan ayaa sidoo kale weerar ku qaaday guriga guddoomiyaha degmada Burco, Gaashaanle Sare, taasoo sababtay dhimashada askari ka tirsan ciidanka booliska ee Gaashaanle Rugta, ka hor intii aanay u fakarin Buur-dhabe oo ah buur istaraatiiji ah oo koonfur-bari ka xigta magaalada Burco, halkaas oo cutubka yar ee Sheekh Bashiir ay fadhiisiyeen dhufays, isla markaana ay difaac ka galeen iyagoo filaya weerar rogaal-celis ah oo uu Ingiriisku ku soo qaadi doono.
Ololihii Ingiriiska ee ka dhanka ahaa ciidamadii Sheekh Bashiir ayaa noqday mid dhicisoobay ka dib markii dhowr jeer laga adkaaday iyadoo ciidamadiisu ay kolba meel u guurayeen, kana fogaadeen meel kasta oo joogto ah.  Wax yar ka hor ayaa socdaalku ka baxay deegaanka, warku waxa uu si xawli ah ugu socday reer-guuraaga Soomaaliyeed ee ku teedsan bannaanka.  Dagaalku waxa uu daaha ka rogay maamulkii Ingriiska oo bahdilay.  Dawladdu waxay ku soo gebogebaysay in duullaan kale oo isaga ka dhan ah aanu waxba tarayn;  waa in ay dhistaan ​​wado tareen, wadooyin sameeyaan oo ay si wax ku ool ah u qabsadaan guud ahaan ilaalinta, haddii kale ay gabi ahaanba ka tagaan gudaha.  Koorsadii dambe ayaa la go’aamiyay, waxaana bilihii ugu horreeyay ee 1945-kii laga noqday jagooyinkii hore, maamulkii Ingiriiskana wuxuu ku ekaa xeebta magaalada Berbera.Sheekh Bashiir waxa uu xaliyay khilaafyo badan oo ka dhex jiray qabaa’ilka deegaankaas ku dhaqan, kuwaas oo u diiday in ay isku duulaan.  Guud ahaan waxa loo malaynayay in uu khilaafyada ku xaliyo shareecada Islaamka oo uu ku soo ururiyo taageerayaal xooggan.
Sheekh Bashiir ayaa baaq u diray culimaa’udiinka ku dhaqan magaalada Ceerigaabo, waxaanu ugu baaqay inay kacaan oo ay ku biiraan jabhadda uu hoggaamiyo.  Culimaa’udiinka iyo sidoo kale shacabka reer Ceerigaabo ayaa u hogaansamay baaqiisa, waxayna magaalada Ceerigaabo ka soo abaabuleen dad aad u tiro badan oo ku hubaysan qoryo iyo warmo, kacdoonna ka sameeyay.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa si degdeg ah oo adag uga jawaabay, iyaga oo gurmad u diray magaalada, rasaasna ku furay kooxihii hubaysnaa laba &quot;ficil maxalli ah&quot; iyo sidoo kale xidh-xidhay hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta ee magaalada.Maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa qoray ciidamo Hindi iyo Koonfur Afrikaan ah oo uu hoggaaminayay Jeneraalka Booliska James David, si ay ula dagaalamaan Sheekh Bashiir, waxaana qorshahan sirdoonku uu ahaa in gacanta lagu soo dhigo isagoo nool.  Maamulka Ingriiska ayaa abaabulay ciidan booliis ah, aakhirkiina 7dii Luulyo waxay ka heleen Sheekh Bashiir iyo qaybtiisii ​​oo difaac ka gadaashay dhufaysyadooda buuraha Bur Dhab.  Ka dib markii ay isku dhaceen Sheekh Bashiir iyo taliyihiisii ​​labaad, Caalin Yuusuf Cali oo lagu naanaysi jiray Qaybdiid ayaa la dilay.  Jabhad saddexaad ayaa la dhaawacay waxaana lala qabtay laba kale oo jabhad ah.  Inta kale waxay ka carareen dhufaysyadii oo kala yaaceen.  Dhinaca Ingiriiska waxaa iska horimaadka ku dhintay Jeneraalka Booliska oo hoggaaminayay ciidamada Ingiriiska iyo tiro ka tirsan ciidamada Hindiya iyo Koonfur Afrika, waxaana ku dhaawacmay askari boolis ah.In kasta oo geerida Sheekh Bashiir iyo xertiisa ay iska caabin kala horyimaadeen maamulka Ingiriiska ayaa weli ka socda Soomaaliya, gaar ahaan magaalada Ceerigaabo oo ay dhimashadiisu iska caabin hor leh ka abuurtay magaalada iyo magaalada Badhan, isla markaana keentay in weerarro lagu qaado ciidammada gumaystaha Ingiriiska ee degmada oo dhan, isla markaana lagala wareego hubkii laga soo qaaday dhismihii miyiga.

===Dhacdooyinkii u dambeeyay===
May 2024 waxa Ceerigaabo ka dhacay jabhad.  Ciidanka Booliska deegaanka oo kali ah inay damiyaan dhacdadaas, ayaa waxa gacan ka geystay qaybta 3aad ee Ciidanka Qaranka, waxaanay muddo saddex habeen ah soo afjareen.  In ka badan 50 dhallinyaro ah ayaa la xiray.  Badhasaabka Gobolka Sanaag Axmed Cabdi Muuse, ayaa ka digay in dhalinyarada la xidh-xidhay la horgeyn doono sharciga, balse aanay waalidkood ka caban
==Juqraafiga==
===Deegaanka===
[[File:Gerenuks in Samburu.jpg|thumb|]]
10 kiiloomitir ama 6.2 mayl dhinaca woqooyi ee magaalada ayaa ah hadhaaga kaynta juniper, oo ku socota cidhifka saqafka sare ee ka muuqda Gacanka Cadmeed.  Xirmada ayaa qiyaastii 2,000 mitir ama 6,560 cagood ka sarraysa heerka badda, halkaas oo waddada Ceerigaabo ka soo baxda ay hoos ugu dhacdo ilaa xeebta.  2 kiiloo mitir ama 1.2 mayl galbeed ka xigta, waxay kor u kacdaa meesha ugu sarraysa ee Somalia Shimbiris.  Soo jiidashada maxalli ah ee caanka ah, shirku wuxuu ku fadhiyaa meel sare oo ku saabsan 2,470 mitir ama 8,100 cagood oo ka sarreeya heerka badda.  Waxa kale oo waddo ka baxda Ceerigaabo ilaa buurta Daallo.  Buurta ugu sarreysa, badda waxaa lagu arki karaa marka laga reebo magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Xiis oo ku taal meel u dhow.Ceerigaabo waxa kale oo ay hoy u tahay xoolo iyo dhir badan.  Duurjoogta deegaanka u dhashay waxaa ka mid ah shabeelka, waraabaha fiiqan, dhurwaaga xariijimaha ah, dawacyada dhabarka madow, gerenuk, hamadryas baboon, warthog saxare ah, bajaar malabka, gorayada Soomaalida iyo maro Warsangli ah.
===Cimilada===
Marka loo eego kala soocida cimilada Köppen, Ceerigaabo waxay leedahay nooc khafiif ah oo cimilo-yar oomane ah.  Guud ahaan magaaladu waxay sanadka oo dhan aragta kulayl siman, iyadoo cimilo ahaan ugu yar Soomaaliya oo dhan.  In kasta oo ay ku taal kulaylaha, joogga sare awgeed, heerkulku dhif buu dhaafaa 30 °C ama 86 °F.  Habeenku inta badan waa qabow xilliga xagaaga iyo qabowga xilliga jiilaalka.  Tani waa sifo lala wadaago meelo aad u yar oo adduunka ah;  meelaha caanka ah ee leh cimilo la mid ah waa Sanca ee Yemen ama Arequipa ee Peru.  Magaaladu waxay heshaa celcelis ahaan wax ka hooseeya 450 milimitir ama 18 inji oo roob ah sannadkii.  Celceliska heerkulka bishii wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 14.3 ° C ama 57.7 °F bisha Disembar ilaa 19.7 °C ama 67.5 °F bisha Luulyo.  Heerkulka ugu hooseeya ee ugu yar mararka qaarkood wuu taabtaa ama gooyaa 0 °C ama 32 °F.

==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Sanadkii 1997, Matt Bryden wuxuu sheegay in dadka ugu badan ay yihiin [[Habar Yoonis|Habr Yoonis]] iyo qabiilka [[Habar Jeclo|Habr Je'lo]] ee Isaaq.
Sannadkii 2009-kii, Sawir-qaade &amp; Aqoonyahan Chantal Heijnen waxa uu sheegay in Ceerigaabo ay ku nool yihiin dad lagu qiyaasay 180,000.
Sannadkii 2013 kii, waxa la sheegay in magaalada Ceerigaabo ay degan yihiin dad gaadhaya 30,000 oo qof, isla markaana ay degan yihiin afar beelood oo kala ah Habr Jeelo, Habar Yoonis, Warsangali, iyo Dhulbahante oo tiro yar oo qabiilo kale ah.
==Waxbarashada==
Waxbarashada sare ee Ceerigaabo waxa bixiya Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika (EAU), oo lixdeeda laamood ku leh magaalada.  Jaamacada Sanaag waxa kale oo ay bixisaa shahaado jaamacadeed iyo shahaado jaamacadeed, jaamacada Gollis waxa ay leedahay laan iyo kuliyado badan.  Jaamacadda Queen of Sheba waxay siisaa haweenka Sanaag koorsooyin shahaado bilaash ah iyo tiro xaddidan oo meelo adduunka oo dhan ah oo qaab fogaan ah.
==Maamulka==
Arrimaha magaalada waxa maamula maayarka Ceerigaabo.  Canshuuraha waxaa qaada oo ururiya golaha deegaanka ee degmada laga bilaabo 1999. Magaalada ayaa isku xidha magaalada Burco ee xarunta gobolka Togdheer iyo sidoo kale dalka intiisa kale iyadoo la marayo wadada Siilaanyo.
==Adeegyada==
Magaaladu waxay hoy u tahay ururka Boy Scouts.  Scouts oo ay sameeyeen sannadkii 2005-tii maamulka gobolka Sanaag ayaa ka qayb-qaata hawlo kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin barnaamijkii 2006-dii ee tababar ku saabsan maamulka, nabadda iyo hoggaaminta.
==Dadka deegaanka oo xusid mudan==
Abdullahi Qarshe - Aabaha Fanka Soomaaliyeed.

Jaamac Cali Korsheel – Guddoomiye ku xigeenkii hore ee Golihii Sare ee Kacaanka

Abdullahi Jama Mahamed
Orodyahanka masaafada dhexe.

Shay Mire Dacar - Fanaanka iyo Fanaanka Soomaaliyeed

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
{{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Sanaag}}
[https://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.aspx?storyid=1095348715&amp;title=Somaliland-The-UN-and-its-JPLG-Program-have-Orphaned-Erigavo-Mayor-Ismail-Haji-Nur Somaliland: UN-ta Iyo Barnaamijkeeda JPLG-ga Ayaa Agoon Ka Dhigay Ceerigaabo.]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=IfgxAQAAQBAJ&amp;q=appointed+a+governor+of+erigavo&amp;pg=PA170 Soosaarayaasha  Marleen.  (2012-01-20).]

[http://haatuf.net/Archive2003/Barwaqo.htm Faarax &quot;Barwaaqo&quot;, Cabdiraxmaan (2003).]

[https://laashin.com/taariikhdii-halgamaa-sheekh-bashiir-sh-yuusuf-wq-prof-yaxye-sheekh-caamir/ &quot;Taariikhdii Halgamaa: Sheekh Bashiir Sh. Yuusuf. W/Q: Prof Yaxye Sheekh Caamir | Laashin iyo Hal-abuur&quot;]

[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600720 &quot;Xummata Ayaxa&quot;: Qarannimada caanka ah ee 1945-kii Kacdoonkii La-dagaalanka Ayaxa ee Gumeysiga Somaliland&quot; Mohamed, Jama (2002)] 

[https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm Guddida Nabadgelyada Gobolka Sanaag Oo Ka Hadlay Shaqaaqadii Ka Dhacday Ceerigaabo.  Hiiraan  online]  [https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2024/May/wararka_maanta27-187219.htm 2024-06-22.]

[http://gallery.mailchimp.com/8f102acd5706302123896fceb/files/Governance_Leadership_and_Management_Programme_for_Somalia.doc Shirkadda Mannion Daniels Limited waxay ku saleysantahay Maraykanka.  20 Juun 2013.]
[[Category:sanaag]]
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    <title>Dagaalka Libiya</title>
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[[File:A frontline parade - Flickr - Al Jazeera English.jpg|thumb|right|550px|tiswirka daggalka macaduwan]]


Dagaalkii ugu horreeyay ee Liibiya, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'Revolution Revolution' [31] ama 17kii Febraayo ee Kacaanka, ayaa ahaa iska horimaad hubaysan sanadkii 2011 oo ka dhacay waddanka Waqooyiga Afrika ee Liibiya oo u dagaalamayey xoogagga daacadda u ah Col. Muammar Gaddafi iyo kuwa doonaya in ay ka baxaan xukuumaddiisa. [33] [34] Dagaalku wuxuu ka soo hor jeeday dibad baxyo ka dhacay Zawiya 8-dii Agoosto 2009-kii, waxaana ugu dambeyntii ku dhuftey banaanbaxyo ka dhacay Benghazi bilowgii Talaadadii, 15 Febraayo 2011, kaas oo horseeday iskudhacyo ciidamo nabadgelyo ah oo ka soo horjeeda dadka. Dibad-baxyada ayaa sii kordhay kacdoonkii ku baahnaa waddanka oo dhan, [36] iyadoo xoogagga ka soo horjeeda Gaddafi ay dhisto hay'ad kumeel-gaar ah, Golaha Ku-meel-gaarka ah ee Qaranka.

[[File:First demonstrations calling for toppling the regime in Libya (Bayda, Libya, 2011-02-16).jpg|thumb|right|550px| tiswir dagaalka lybia macaduwan dunida tiswir]]
Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa ansixiyay hannaankii ugu horreeyay 26-kii Febraayo, isaga oo xakamaynaya hantida Qadaafi iyo goobtiisa gudaha iyo xaddidaadda safarkooda, waxayna arrinta u gudbisay Maxkamadda Caalamiga ah ee Dembiyada si loo baadho. [37] Bilowgii Maarso, ciidamada Qadaafi ayaa soo raray, waxay u riixeen dhinaca bariga, waxayna dib u qabsadeen dhowr magaalo oo xeebeed ah inta aysan gaarin Benghazi. Dowladaha xubnaha ka ah Qaramada midoobay ee awood u leh in ay xoreeyaan xayiraadda hubka Liibiya, iyo inay isticmaalaan dhammaan tallaabooyinka lagama maarmaanka ah si looga hortago weerarrada dadka rayidka ah, [38] kuwaas oo ku noqday olole qarax barta NATO. Dawladda Gaddafi ayaa markaa ku dhawaaqday xabbad joojin, laakiin dagaalka ayaa socday. [39] [40] Dhamaan khilaafyada, mucaaradku waxay diideen in xukuumaddu soo bandhigto xabbad joojin iyo dadaal ay soo saareen Midowga Afrika si ay u soo afjaraan dagaalka sababtoo ah qorshaha la soo saaray ma uusan ka mid ahayn ka saarista Qaddaafi.

[[File:US forces transport displaced Egyptians from Tunisia-01-dvids.jpg|thumb|right|550px|Tiswir dagaalka macaduwan lybia dunida]]

==warka==

* https://japantoday.com/category/world/spokesman-libyan-minister-survives-attack-on-motorcade
* https://news.cgtn.com/news/2020-06-06/Egypt-announces-new-Libya-plan-after-collapse-of-Haftar-offensive-R6G0tGn4ru/index.html
* https://www.euronews.com/2018/03/20/sarkozy-in-libya-case-what-does-it-all-mean-
* https://www.theguardian.com/business/2011/may/31/goldman-sachs-libya-investment
* https://www.libyaherald.com/2021/02/17/582-illegal-libyan-migrants-arrived-in-italy-over-the-last-two-years-iom/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.libyaherald.com/2021/02/17/582-illegal-libyan-migrants-arrived-in-italy-over-the-last-two-years-iom/ |date=20210302211227 }}
* https://web.archive.org/web/20250828151626/https://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2013/09/11/221358412/an-anniversary-puts-the-spotlight-on-libyas-struggles
* https://warontherocks.com/2021/01/profiteers-vultures-and-the-defeat-of-the-u-n-embargo-on-libya/
* https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/03/world/middleeast/libya-russia-emirates-mercenaries.html
* https://www.wsj.com/articles/russian-oil-grab-in-libya-fuels-u-s-kremlin-tensions-in-mideast-11595772000

==sido Kale fiiri==

* [[Afrika]]</text>
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      <text bytes="9079" sha1="g1via82hblxu11szkkcpmmekxe3ffyf" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox U.S. state
|Name = New Jersey
|Fullname = State of New Jersey
|Flag = Flag of New Jersey.svg
|Flaglink = [[Flag of New Jersey|Flag]]
|Seal = Seal of New Jersey.svg
|Map = New Jersey in United States.svg
|Nickname = The Garden State&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nj.gov/njfacts/garden.htm The Garden State and Other New Jersey State Nicknames], Robert Lupp, New Jersey Reference Services, New Jersey State Library, October 12, 1994.&lt;/ref&gt;
|Motto = Liberty and prosperity
|Former = Province of New Jersey
|Capital = [[Trenton, New Jersey|Trenton]]
|LargestCity = [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]]
|LargestMetro = [[New York metropolitan area|Greater New York]]
|Languages =
* [[English language|English]] (only) 69.4%
* [[Spanish language|Spanish]] 15.9%
* [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indic]] 2.7%
* [[Chinese language|Chinese]] 1.5%
* [[Korean language|Korean]] 1.1%
* [[French language|French]] 0.97%
* [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] 0.94%
* [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] 0.91%
* [[Italian language|Italian]] 0.83%
* [[Arabic language|Arabic]] 0.76%
* [[Polish language|Polish]] 0.72%
* [[Russian language|Russian]] 0.57%&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/14_1YR/B16001/0400000US34|title=Language spoken at home by ability to speak English for the population 5 years and over – 2014 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates|accessdate=February 10, 2016|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=February 13, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213010007/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/14_1YR/B16001/0400000US34|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Demonym = New Jerseyan (official),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2008_style_manual&amp;docid=f:chapter5.pdf|title=GPO Style Manual 2008|format=PDF|accessdate=July 25, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; New Jerseyite&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/new%20jersey|title=New Jersey&amp;nbsp;— Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary|publisher=Merriam-Webster|accessdate=June 3, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/new+jerseyite|title=Definition of New Jerseyite|publisher=Dictionary.reference.com|accessdate=July 25, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Governor = [[Phil Murphy]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]])
|Lieutenant Governor = [[Sheila Oliver]] (D) &lt;!-- Don't add link per MOS:OVERLINK. --&gt;
|Legislature = [[New Jersey Legislature]]
|Upperhouse = [[New Jersey Senate|Senate]]
|Lowerhouse = [[New Jersey General Assembly|General Assembly]]
|Senators = [[Bob Menendez]] (D)&lt;br /&gt;[[Cory Booker]] (D)
|Representative = 7 Democrats &lt;br&gt; 5 Republicans
|PostalAbbreviation = NJ
|TradAbbreviation = N.J.
|OfficialLang = None
|AreaRank = 47th
|TotalAreaUS = 8,722.58
|TotalArea = 22,591.38
|LandAreaUS = 7,354.22&lt;ref name=&quot;NJCensusfacts&quot;/&gt;
|LandArea = 19,047.34
|WaterAreaUS = 1,368.36
|WaterArea = 3,544.04
|PCWater = 15.7
|2010Pop = 9,032,872 (2018 est.)&lt;ref name=&quot;WPR&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=New Jersey Population 2018|url=http://worldpopulationreview.com/states/new-jersey-population/|website=World Population Review|publisher=World Population Review|accessdate=6 May 2018|ref=WPR|archive-date=7 Bisha Shanaad 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507153309/http://worldpopulationreview.com/states/new-jersey-population/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|PopRank = 11th
|DensityRank = 1st
|2000DensityUS = 1189
|2000Density = 467
|2010DensityUS = 1210.10
|MedianHouseholdIncome = $68,357&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kff.org/other/state-indicator/median-annual-income/?currentTimeframe=0|work=The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation|title=Median Annual Household Income|accessdate=December 9, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|IncomeRank = 7th
|AdmittanceOrder = 3rd
|AdmittanceDate = December 18, 1787
|TimeZone = [[Eastern Time Zone|Eastern]]: [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] [[Eastern Time Zone|-5]]/[[Eastern Daylight Time|-4]]
|Latitude = 38° 56′ N to 41° 21′ N
|Longitude = 73° 54′ W to 75° 34′ W
|WidthUS = 70
|Width = 112
|LengthUS = 170
|Length = 273
|HighestPoint = [[High Point (New Jersey)|High Point]]&lt;ref name=USGS&gt;{{cite web|url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |title=Elevations and Distances in the United States |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |year=2001 |accessdate=October 24, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015012701/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |archivedate=October 15, 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NAVD88&gt;Elevation adjusted to [[North American Vertical Datum of 1988]].&lt;/ref&gt;
|HighestElevUS = 1,803
|HighestElev = 549.6
|MeanElevUS = 250
|MeanElev = 80
|LowestPoint = [[Atlantic Ocean]]&lt;ref name=USGS/&gt;
|LowestElevUS = 0
|LowestElev = 0
|ISOCode = US-NJ
|ElectoralVotes = 14
|Website = www.nj.gov
}}
{{Infobox U.S. state symbols
|Name = New Jersey
|Flag = Flag of New Jersey.svg
|Seal = Seal_of_New_Jersey.svg
|Nickname = The Garden State
|Motto = Liberty and prosperity
|Mammal = Horse&lt;ref name=&quot;NJAnimal&quot;/&gt;
|Bird = [[Eastern goldfinch]]&lt;ref name=&quot;NJBird&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.state.nj.us/njfacts/bird.htm|title=New Jersey State Bird|publisher=The State of New Jersey|work=The Official Web Site for The State of New Jersey|accessdate=June 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Fish = [[Brook trout]]&lt;ref name=&quot;NJFish&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.state.nj.us/njfacts/fish.htm|title=The New Jersey State Fish|publisher=The State of New Jersey|work=The Official Web Site for The State of New Jersey|accessdate=June 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Flower = ''[[Viola sororia]]''&lt;ref name=&quot;NJFlower&quot;/&gt;
|Insect = [[Western honey bee]]&lt;ref name=&quot;NJInsect&quot;/&gt;
|Tree = ''[[Quercus rubra]]'' (northern red oak),&lt;ref name=&quot;NJTree&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.state.nj.us/njfacts/trees.htm|title=The New Jersey State Trees|publisher=The State of New Jersey|work=The Official Web Site for The State of New Jersey|accessdate=June 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[dogwood]] (memorial tree)&lt;ref name=&quot;NJTree&quot;/&gt;
|Colors =Buff and blue&lt;br /&gt;{{Color box|#F0DC82|border=darkgray}} {{Color box|#0000FF|border=darkgray}}
|Dance = None
|Folk dance = [[Square dance]]&lt;ref name=&quot;NJDance&quot;/&gt;
|Food = [[Northern highbush blueberry]] (state fruit)&lt;ref name=&quot;NJBerry&quot;/&gt;
|Fossil = [[Hadrosaurus foulkii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;NJDino&quot;/&gt;
|Quarter = 1999 NJ Proof.png
|QuarterReleaseDate = 1999
|Route Marker = Ellipse sign 47.svg
|Soil = [[downer (soil)|Downer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;NJSoil&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/nj/soils/?cid=nrcs141p2_018866 | title=New Jersey State Soil&amp;nbsp;— Downer | publisher=[[United States Department of Agriculture]] | work=[[Natural Resources Conservation Service]] | accessdate=August 17, 2014 | ciwaan=Nuqul Archive | archive-date=Bisha Sideedaad 19, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819083804/http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/nj/soils/?cid=nrcs141p2_018866 | dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Song = None
}}

New Jersey waa gobolka gobolka Mid-Atlantic ee Waqooyi-bari Maraykanka. Waa jasiiradda, xuduudaha waqooyi iyo bari ee gobolka New York; dhinaca bari, koonfur-bari, koonfur-galbeed ee Atlantic Ocean; Galbeedka by Delaware River iyo Pennsylvania; iyo koonfur galbeed by Delaware Bay iyo Delaware. New Jersey waa gobolka afaraad ee ugu yar oo ay degaan, laakiin 11-aad ee ugu tirada badan, oo leh 9 milyan oo qof deggan ilaa 2017, [20] iyo dadka ugu qarsoodi 50-ka gobol ee Mareykanka ah. New Jersey gebi ahaanba waxaa ku yaala meelaha lagu wadaago magaalooyinka New York City iyo Philadelphia, waana gobolka saddexaad ee ugu taajirsan ee dakhliga soo gala qoysaska ee sannadka 2016. [21]
New Jersey waxay ku nooshahay Native Americans in ka badan 2,800 oo sanno, iyada oo qabiilooyinka taariikhiga ah sida Lenape ee xeebta. Horraantii qarnigii 17aad, Holland iyo Iswiidhishku waxay sameeyeen degaannada ugu horreeya Yurub ee gobolka. [22] Ingiriisku markii danbe wuxuu qabsaday gobalka, [23] oo magaciisu yahay Gobolka New Jersey ka dib markii ugu ballaadhnaa ee Jasiiradaha Channel, Jersey, [24] oo u fasaxaya sida George Geertey iyo John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley Stratton New Jersey waxay ahayd goob dagaal oo dhowr ah oo lagu xasuuqay intii lagu jiray dagaalkii kacaanka maraykanku qarnigii 18aad.
Qarnigii 19aad, warshadaha magaalooyinka (oo loo yaqaan 'Six Six Big' [25]), Camden, Paterson, Newark, Trenton, Jersey City, iyo Elizabeth waxay gacan ka geysteen sidii loo wadi lahaa Revolution Industrial. Goobta jarmalka ee New Jersey ee ku taal bartamaha Waqooyi-galbeed ee Megalopolis, oo u dhexeeya Boston iyo New York City ilaa waqooyi-bari, iyo Philadelphia, Baltimore, iyo Washington, DC, koonfur-galbeed, waxay sii kobcisay koboc dhaqso ah iyada oo loo marayo geeddi-socodka bannaan-baxa qaybta labaad qarnigii 20aad. Tobankii sano ee ugu horreeyay qarniga 21-aad, magaaladan ayaa bilaabay in ay dib u soo noqoto iyada oo la xoojiyay dadka New Jersey ee dhaqan ahaan kala duwan oo ku yaala magaalooyinka intooda badan ee ku yaala gobolka, [26] [27] magaalooyinka oo ku yaala xarumaha tareennada ee ka soo horjeeda koritaanka dadweynaha xaafadaha laga soo bilaabo 2008.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ka Joog</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25122</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311915</id>
      <parentid>275815</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T00:05:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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'''Ka Joog'''

https://web.archive.org/web/20210125091022/https://www.kajoog.org/

Ka Joog waa hay'ad qaran oo la aqoonsan yahay, oo ah hay'ad aan dawli ahayn oo loogu talagalay in lagu kobciyo nolosha dhalinyarada Soomaalida ah ee Soomaalida ah iyada oo la adeegsanayo qaybaha wanaagsan ee waxbarashada, latalinta, shaqada, iyo farshaxanka. Ujeedada Kaawoogga waa in lagu dhiirigeliyo dhalinyarada in ay sii wataan waxbarashada sare, iyada oo kor u qaadaysa lana dhiso xiriirka bulshada ee dhacdooyinka Minnesota.
Waxaa la aasaasay sannadkii 2007 koox yar oo dhalinyaro Soomaali ah, Ka Joog waxa ay diiradda saareysaa dadaalka ay ku dhiirri galinayso dhalinyarada Soomaaliyeed in ay &quot;joogaan&quot; ama &quot;ka fogaadaan&quot; saameyn xun sida daroogada, rabshadaha, xagjirnimada, iyo dabeecadaha kale ee dhibka u geysan kara horumarka iyo mustaqbalka. Taa baddalkeeda, Ka Joog ayaa dhallinta ku hagaya tacliinta sare, ka qayb qaadashada bulshada, iyo ka go'naanta iskaa wax u qabso bulshada. Ka Joog wuxuu dhalinyarada Soomaaliyeed ka caawiyaa inay fahmaan doorashadooda oo ay sameeyaan doorashooyinka saxda ah, iyada oo loo marayo barnaamijyada bixiya hagitaan, umeerin, iyo tababarka diyaarinta shaqada. Ka Joog waxay sidoo kale bixisaa warar wanaagsan oo farshaxanka ah, waxayna ku dhiirri-galisaa dhalinyarada in ay la wadaagaan awooda ay la leeyihiin dadka kale.


==Sido kale fiiri==</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Markabka Cusub 2018</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25766</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311949</id>
      <parentid>296767</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T00:51:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="15919" sha1="ea6p6zvcxfr0nqfqi73d57ayzw6czbh" xml:space="preserve">* [[2018]]
__NOTOC__
;Launched
{| Class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!width=&quot;100&quot; | Date
!width=&quot;130&quot; | Country
! Builder
! Location
! Ship
! Class / type
! Notes
|-
! 7 January
| {{Flag|Philippines}}
| Austal
| [[Cebu]]
| '''''[[Halunder Jet]]'''''
| [[Catamaran]]
| For [[Flensburger Seerederei]]/Helgoline&lt;ref&gt;https://www.shz.de/lokales/pinneberger-tageblatt/neuer-helgoland-katamaran-auf-den-philippinen-erfolgreich-vom-stapel-gelaufen-id18754226.html&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://vesselregister.dnvgl.com/VesselRegister/vesseldetails.html?vesselid=37718|title=DNV GL: Halunder Jet|accessdate=2018-03-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 19 January
| {{Flag|Germany}}
| [[Flensburger Schiffbau Gesellschaft]]
| [[Flensburg]]
| '''''W.B. Yeats'''''
| ferry
| For [[Irish Ferries]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.kn-online.de/Nachrichten/Schleswig-Holstein/Flensburger-Werft-FSG-bringt-Jumbofaehre-zu-Wasser|title=FSG bringt Jumbofähre zu Wasser|date=2018-01-19|accessdate=2018-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 20 January
| {{Flag|Netherlands}}
| [[Ferus Smit]]
| [[Westerbroek]]
| '''''Ice Crystal'''''
|
| For [[Erik Thun AB]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ferus-smit.nl/nb-446-ice-crystal-successfully-launched/|title=Nb. 446 ‘Ice Crystal’ successfully launched|accessdate=2018-01-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 22 January
| {{Flag|France}}
| [[STX France]]
| [[Saint Nazaire]]
| '''''[[Celebrity Edge]]'''''
| [[Edge-class cruise ship|''Edge''-class]] [[cruise ship]]
| For [[Celebrity Cruises]]&lt;ref&gt;https://www.cruiseindustrynews.com/cruise-news/18437-celebrity-edge-floated-out.html&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/stx-france-met-leau-le-celebrity-edge&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 26 January
| {{Flag|Japan}}
| [[Japan Marine United]]
| [[Kure]]
| '''''One Stork'''''
| ''NYK Bird''-class [[container ship]]
| For [[Ocean Network Express]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.shipspotting.com/gallery/photo.php?lid=2803987|title=ONE STORK - IMO 9784788|date=2018-01-27|accessdate=2018-02-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! January
| {{Flag|Croatia}}
| [[Uljanik]]
| 
| '''''[[Scenic Eclipse]]'''''
| [[cruise ship]]
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cruiseindustrynews.com/cruise-news/18463-uljanik-floats-out-new-scenic-eclipse.html|title=Uljanik Floats Out New Scenic Eclipse|date=2018-01-31|accessdate=2018-02-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 1 February
| {{Flag|Italy}}
| [[Fincantieri]]
| 
| '''{{ship|Italian frigate|Antonio Marceglia|2018|2}}'''
| [[FREMM multipurpose frigate]]
| For [[Marina Militare]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fincantieri.com/en/|title=Launchin Ceremony FREMM Marceglia 3rd February 2018|accessdate=2018-02-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 1 February
| {{Flag|France}}
| [[Naval Group]]
| Lorient
| '''{{ship|French frigate|Normandie|2018|2}}'''
| [[FREMM multipurpose frigate]]
| For [[Marine Nationale]]&lt;ref&gt;https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/naval-group-met-leau-sa-8eme-fremm&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 2 February
| {{GER}}
| Ferus Smit
| Leer
| '''''Symphony Space'''''
| Ferus Smit Ecobox
| For Symphony Shipping BV&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ferus-smit.nl/nb-422-symphony-space-successfully-launched/|title=NB. 422 ‘SYMPHONY SPACE’ SUCCESSFULLY LAUNCHED|date=2018-02-02|accessdate=2018-02-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 2 February
| {{Flag|China}}
| Shanghai WaiGaoQiao Shipbuilding
| Shanghai
| '''''Yuan Gua Hai'''''
| [[Valemax]]
| For [[China COSCO Shipping Corporation]]&lt;ref&gt;http://vesselregister.dnvgl.com/VesselRegister/vesseldetails.html?vesselid=36240&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 2 February
| {{Flag|Japan}}
| [[Imabari Shipbuilding]]
| Marugame
| '''''Ever Goods'''''
| Evergreen 20.000-TEU-type [[container ship]]
| For [[Evergreen Marine]]&lt;ref&gt;https://www.eagle.org/safenet/record/record_vesseldetailsprinparticular?Classno=18265350&amp;codeName=3bmwr&amp;Accesstype=PUBLIC&amp;ReferrerApplication=PUBLIC&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 6 February
| {{Flag|China}}
| [[Dalian Shipbuilding]]
| [[Dalian]]
| '''''Cosco Shipping Libra'''''
| COSCOCS 20.000-TEU-type [[container ship]]
| For [[China COSCO Shipping Corporation]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://vesselregister.dnvgl.com/VesselRegister/vesseldetails.html?vesselid=35190|title=DNV GL: Cosco Shipping Libra|accessdate=2018-08-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 7 February
| {{flag|Turkey}}
| [[Cemre Shipyard]]
| [[Yalova]]
| '''{{MV|Victoria of Wight||2}}'''
| [[Ferry]]
| For [[Wightlink]].&lt;ref name=WMN243399&gt;{{cite web |url=https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/243399/video-wightlinks-new-ferry-touches-water/ |title=Video: Wightlink’s New Ferry Touches Water |publisher=World Maritime News |accessdate=7 February 2018 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=7 Bisha Labaad 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207162606/https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/243399/video-wightlinks-new-ferry-touches-water/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 9 February
| {{Flag|South Korea}}
| [[Hyundai Heavy Industries]]
| 
| '''''Mærsk Hamburg'''''
 | Mærsk H-class container ship
| For [[Mærsk Line]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.eagle.org/safenet/record/record_vesseldetailsprinparticular?Classno=18265521&amp;codeName=6mxb5&amp;Accesstype=PUBLIC&amp;ReferrerApplication=PUBLIC|accessdate=2018-05-09|title=ABS: Maersk Hamburg}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 14 February
| {{Flag|France}}
| [[Transmetal Industrie]]
| [[Saint-Mandrier-sur-Mer]]
| '''''Méditerranée XIV'''''
| 
| For [[TLV-TVM]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/tlv-tvm-receptionne-la-mediterranee-xiv-et-planche-deja-sur-une-nouvelle-vedette|title=TLV-TVM réceptionne la Méditerranée XIV et planche déjà sur une nouvelle vedette|date=2018-02-16|accessdate=2018-02-17|language=french}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 16 February
| {{Flag|France}}
| Socarenam
| [[Boulogne]]
| '''''Lieutenant Commander Paul Brutus'''''
| [[light pump boats]]
| For [[City of Marseille]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/socarenam-met-leau-le-nouveau-bpl-des-marins-pompiers-de-marseille|title=Socarenam met à l’eau le nouveau BPL des marins-pompiers de Marseille|date=2018-02-09|accessdate=2018-02-19|language=french}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 17 February
| {{Flag|Germany}}
| [[Meyer Werft]]
| [[Papenburg]]
| '''''[[Norwegian Bliss]]'''''
| ''Breakaway''-Pluy-class [[cruise ship]]
| For [[Norwegian Cruise Line]]
|-
! 17 February
| {{flag|Norway}}
| [[Kleven Verft]]
| [[Ulsteinvik]]
| '''{{MS|Roald Amundsen|2018|2}}'''
| Expedition [[cruise ship]]
| For [[Hurtigruten AS]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/kleven-va-mettre-leau-le-nouveau-navire-dhurtigruten-0|title=Kleven va mettre à l’eau le nouveau navire d'Hurtigruten|date=2018-02-15|accessdate=2018-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.shipspotting.com/gallery/photo.php?lid=2813457|title=ROALD AMUNDSEN|date=2018-02-17|accessdate=2018-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 20 February
| {{Flag|Netherlands}}
| Royal Bodewes
| Hoogezand
| '''''Arklow Viking'''''
| Arklow V-class [[Cargo ship|cargo ship]]
| For [[Arklow Shipping]]
|-
! 24 February
| {{Flag|Japan}}
| [[Imabari Zosen]]
| [[Hiroshima]]
| '''''One Minato'''''
| ''Millau Bridge''-class [[container ship]]
| For [[Ocean Network Express]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://blogs.yahoo.co.jp/mkiipen/37415422.html|title=速報！コンテナ船「ONE MINATO」進水！記事をクリップする|date=2018-02-26|accessdate=2018-04-03|language=japanese}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 13 March
| {{Flag|United Kingdom}}
| [[BAE Systems]]
| [[Scotstoun]]
| '''[[HMS Trent (P224)|HMS ''Trent'']]'''	
| [[River-class patrol vessel]]
| For [[Royal Navy]]
|-
! 29 March
| {{Flag|Italy}}
| [[Cantiere Navale Visentini]]
| 
| '''''Hypatia de Alejandría'''''
| ferry 
| For [[Baleària]]&lt;ref&gt;http://www.seereisenportal.de/news/2018/maerz/balearia-hypatia-de-alejandria-zu-wasser-gelassen-erste-lng-betriebene-faehre-im-mittelmeer/{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 5 April
| {{Flag|France}}
| [[Piriou]]
| 
| '''''Seine'''''
| [[BSAH]]
| For [[French Navy]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/bsah-la-seine-leau-le-rhone-brest|title=BSAH{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} : La Seine à l’eau, le Rhône à Brest|date=2018-04-06|accessdate=2018-04-06|language=french}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 21 April
| {{Flag|Philippines}}
| [[Hanjin Heavy Industries]]
| [[Subic Bay Freeport Zone]]
| ''''CMA CGM Louis Bleriot'''''
| 20.600 TEU [[container ship]]&lt;br&gt;sister ship of ''[[CMA CGM Antoine de Saint Exupery]]''
| For [[CMA CGM]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/253720/hhic-phil-launches-cma-cgms-third-giant/|title=HHIC-Phil Launches CMA CGM’s Third Giant|date=2018-2018-05-29|accessdate=2018-07-07|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2018-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707090430/https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/253720/hhic-phil-launches-cma-cgms-third-giant/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 28 April
| {{Flag|Spain}}
| [[Puerto Real]]
| [[Navantia]]
| '''''Monte Urbasa'''''
| crude oil tankler
| For [[Ibaizábal]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/navantia-met-leau-le-petrolier-monte-urbasa|title=Navantia met à l’eau le pétrolier Monte Urbasa|language=french|date=2018-05-01|accessdate=2018-05-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 30 April
| {{Flag|China}}
| Shanghai WaiGaoQiao Shipbuilding
| [[Shanghai]]
| '''''Pacific Harvest'''''
| [[Valemax]]
| &lt;ref&gt;http://vesselregister.dnvgl.com/VesselRegister/vesseldetails.html?vesselid=36245&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 3 May 
| {{Flag|Germany}}
| [[Flensburger Schiffbau Gesellschaft]]
| [[Flensburg]]
| '''''Alf Pollak'''''
| car carrier
| For [[Siem Car Carrier]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hansa-online.de/2018/05/daily-news-flash/98737/fsg-laesst-siem-neubau-vom-stapel/|title=Siem-Neubau läuft bei FSG vom Stapel|date=?2018-05-03|accessdate=2018-05-04|language=german|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2018-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180503162419/https://www.hansa-online.de/2018/05/daily-news-flash/98737/fsg-laesst-siem-neubau-vom-stapel/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 10 May
| {{flag|Italy}}
| [[Fincantieri]]
| [[Ancona]]
| '''''Viking Jupiter'''''
| ''Venice''-class [[cruise ship]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.vikingcruises.com/press/press-releases/viking-celebrates-float-out-of-sixth-ship.html|title=VIKING CELEBRATES FLOAT OUT OF SIXTH SHIP
|date=2016-05-10|accessdate=2016-05-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| For [[Viking Ocean Cruises]]
|-
! 11 May
| {{Flag|South Korea}}
| [[Hyundai Heavy Industries]]
| 
| '''''Mærsk Herrera'''''
 | Mærsk H-class container ship
| For [[Mærsk Line]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.eagle.org/safenet/record/record_vesseldetailsprinparticular?Classno=18265522&amp;codeName=kycg3&amp;Accesstype=PUBLIC&amp;ReferrerApplication=PUBLIC|accessdate=2018-08-07|title=ABS: Maersk Herrera}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 18 May
| {{Flag|Netherlands}}
| Royal Bodewes
| Hoogezand
| '''''Arklow Villa'''''
| Arklow V-class [[Cargo ship|cargo ship]]
| For [[Arklow Shipping]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.royalbodewes.com/news/9929-472-nb_730_is_launched_|title=NB-730 is launched!|date=2018-05-18|accessdate=2018-05-19|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2018-05-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180519204941/http://www.royalbodewes.com/news/9929-472-nb_730_is_launched_|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 19 May
| {{Flag|Croatia}}
| Maj shipyard
| [[Rijeka]]
| '''''Siem Ashanti'''''
| [[vehicle carrier]]
| For [[Siem Industries]]&lt;ref&gt;http://shipspotting.com/gallery/photo.php?lid=2857423&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://shipspotting.com/gallery/photo.php?lid=2857420&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 24 May
| {{Flag|Germany}}
| Fassmer 
| Berne
| '''''Branddirektor Westphal'''''
| 
| &lt;ref&gt;https://www.mopo.de/hamburg/polizei/ahoi--hier-kommt-hamburgs-neues-loeschboot-angeschippert-30512344{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! May
| {{Flag|Germany}}
| [[Abeking &amp; Rasmussen]]
| [[Lemwerder]]
| '''''Elandess'''''
| yacht
| &lt;ref&gt;http://www.thb.info/rubriken/single-view/news/yachtprojekt-verlaesst-baudock.html{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 1 June
| {{Flag|Finland}}
| [[Meyer Turku]]
| [[Turku]]
| '''''[[Mein Schiff 2 (ship, 2019)|Mein Schiff 2]]'''''
| [[cruise ship]]
| For [[TUI Cruises]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.meyerturku.fi/en/meyerturku_com/media/news_releases/news_releases.jsp|title=New Mein Schiff 2 floats to the sea at Meyer Turku shipyard|date=2018-06-01|accessdate=2018-06-06|archive-date=2018-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619163244/https://www.meyerturku.fi/en/meyerturku_com/media/news_releases/news_releases.jsp|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 9 June
| {{Flag|Croatia}}
| [[Brodosplit]]
| [[Split, Croatia|Split]]
| '''''Hondius'''''
| 
| For [[Oceanwide Expeditions]]&lt;ref&gt;https://oceanwide-expeditions.com/our-fleet/m-v-hondius&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://shipspotting.com/gallery/photo.php?lid=2866755&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 14 June
|  {{Flag|France}}
| STX France
| Saint Nazaire
| '''''[[MSC Bellissima]]'''''
| project vista
| For [[MSC Cruises]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.schiffsjournal.de/msc-cruises-erhoeht-die-anzahl-der-neubauten-bis-2026-auf-13-schiffe/ |access-date=2018-08-31 |archive-date=2021-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204230938/https://www.schiffsjournal.de/msc-cruises-erhoeht-die-anzahl-der-neubauten-bis-2026-auf-13-schiffe/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 22 June
| {{Flag|Italy}}
| Fincantieri
| Monfalcone
| '''''[[Costa Venezia]]'''''
| [[Vista-class cruise ship (Carnival)|''Vista''-class cruise ship]]
| For [[Costa Crociere]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cruiseindustrynews.com/cruise-news/19267-costa-venezia-floated-out-at-fincantieri.html|title=Costa Venezia Floated Out at Fincantieri|date=2018-06-22|accessdate=2018-06-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/255475/fincantieri-splashes-costa-cruises-new-ship/|title=Fincantieri Splashes Costa Cruises’ New Ship|date=2018-06-22|accessdate=2018-06-22|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2018-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622154402/https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/255475/fincantieri-splashes-costa-cruises-new-ship/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 14 July
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| [[Cammel Laird]]
| [[Birkenhead]]
| '''{{ship|RRS|Sir David Attenborough||2}}
| [[Research ship]]
| For [[Natural Environment Research Council]] 
|-
! 16 July
| {{Flag|China}}
| [[Jinling shipyard]]
| 
| 
| [[Ro-Ro ferry]]
| For [[DFDS]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/257392/dfds-splashes-new-roro-giant-at-jinling-shipyard/ |access-date=2018-08-31 |archive-date=2018-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721105940/https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/257392/dfds-splashes-new-roro-giant-at-jinling-shipyard/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 2 August 
| {{Flag|Germany}}
| [[Flensburger Schiffbau Gesellschaft]]
| [[Flensburg]]
| '''''Maria Grazia Onorato'''''
| car carrier
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hansa-online.de/2018/08/featured/104096/fsg-laesst-roro-neubau-vom-stapel-auftrag-aus-norwegen-oder-italien/|title=FSL lässt RoRo-Neubau vom Stapel|date=2018-08-02|accessdate=2018-08-02|language=german|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2018-08-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802164426/https://www.hansa-online.de/2018/08/featured/104096/fsg-laesst-roro-neubau-vom-stapel-auftrag-aus-norwegen-oder-italien/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 21 August
| {{Flag|Germany}}
| [[Meyer Werft]]
| [[Papenburg]]
| '''''[[AIDAnova]]'''''
| [[Excellence-class cruise ship]]
| For [[AIDA Cruises]]
|}

;Scheduled
{| Class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!width=&quot;100&quot; | Date
!width=&quot;130&quot; | Country
! Builder
! Location
! Ship
! Class / type
! Notes
|-
! 
| {{flag|Australia}}
| [[Austal]]
| [[Perth]]
| {{ship|HSC|Express 4||2}}
| High-speed [[catamaran]]
| For [[Molslinjen]]
|-
! 
| {{flag|Norway}}
| Marin Tekknik
| 
| {{MV|Yara Birkeland||2}}
| Autonomous [[container ship]]
| For [[Yara International]]. First autonomous ship in the world.
|}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mareegmedia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28229</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311947</id>
      <parentid>303298</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T00:48:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311947</origin>
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      <text bytes="3034" sha1="kzbmlek5fskr7ip1u2y7lz7c5br5u3j" xml:space="preserve">Mareeg.com  waa wakaalad warar oo madax banaan  waxey  ku soo baxdaa Luqadaha  af Engiriiska iyo soomaaliga.

Mareeg website waxaa loogu magac daray Magaalada qadiimka ah ee Mareeg oo ka tirsan  Gobolka [[Galgduuduud]] oo dhaca bartamaha soomaaliya. Mareeg Waxey ku shaqeysaa Moqdissho  soomaaliya     

|Cinwaanka:       = [https://mareeg.com Mareeg.com] {{Wayback|url=https://mareeg.com/ |date=20191111154941 }}     

| Nuuceda           = News Site     

| luqada              =    [[Af-Soomaali|Soomaali]], [[Ingiriis (luqad)|Ingiriis]] |     

| Tifatiraha          = John Snow     

|FAC                    = [[2004|2001]] | 

Hada                    = firfircoon    

| slogan               = Mareeg Media


&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14094550|title=Somalia profile|date=15 August 2017|publisher=|via=www.bbc.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mareeg_media.jpg|Logo :Mareeg] ]|commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mareeg.com/|title=web.archive.org/mareeg|date=23 June 2003|publisher=|via=https://web.archive.org/|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=30 Bisha Todobaad 2022|archive-date=23 Bisha Lixaad 2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030623022808/http://mareeg.com/|dead-url=unfit}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://article.wn.com/view/2018/12/30/Somali_Telecom_block_Mareeg_Media_in_Mogadishu/|title=Somali Telecom block Mareeg Media in Mogadishu|website=article.wn.com|access-date=2019-05-01|archive-date=2019-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423180022/https://article.wn.com/view/2018/12/30/Somali_Telecom_block_Mareeg_Media_in_Mogadishu/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.halganka.net/content/somali-telecom-block-mareeg-media-mogadishu-mareeg-media|title=Somali Telecom block Mareeg Media in Mogadishu - Mareeg Media - HALGANKA.NET|website=www.halganka.net|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=2019-05-01|archive-date=2019-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423174521/http://www.halganka.net/content/somali-telecom-block-mareeg-media-mogadishu-mareeg-media|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.mondotimes.com/1/world/uk/142/4217/32106|title=Mareeg - MondoTimes.com|website=www.mondotimes.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.world-newspapers.com/somalia.html|title=Somali Newspapers and News Sites|website=www.world-newspapers.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/04/uae-plane-blocked-leaving-somalia-puntland-region-180415001458616.html|title=uae-plane-blocked-leaving-somalia|website=www.aljazeera.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.thenation.com/article/nick-turse-us-military-africom-blackballing-journalists/|title=us Militry|website=.www.thenation.com|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=2019-05-01|archive-date=2019-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423122155/https://www.thenation.com/article/nick-turse-us-military-africom-blackballing-journalists/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>kzbmlek5fskr7ip1u2y7lz7c5br5u3j</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mareeg.com</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28267</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311946</id>
      <parentid>303297</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T00:48:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311946</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2917" sha1="c101g35llq40wwm0bviypo3ii5is6v5" xml:space="preserve">Mareeg.com waa wakaalad warar oo madax banaan waxey ku soo baxdaa Luqadaha Engiriiska iyo soomaaliga. Mareeg website waxaa loogumagac daray Magaalada Qadiimiga  ah ee Mareeg ee gobolka galgaduud. Wargayska Mareeg wuxuu ka howlgalaa Magaala Madaxda soomaaliya ee Moqdisho.
|Cinwaanka: = Mareeg.com 
| Nuuceda = News Site 

|Cinwaanka: = [https://Mareeg.com Mareeg.com] {{Wayback|url=https://mareeg.com/ |date=20191111154941 }}

| luqada = Soomaali, Ingiriis 

| Tifatiraha = Abdirisak Mohamed Tuuryare  iyo Mudane A warsame 

|FAC = 2001 

|Logo =

 |Hada = firfircoon 

|slogan = Mareeg Media
|


&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14094550|title=Somalia profile|date=15 August 2017|publisher=|via=www.bbc.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mareeg_media.jpg|Logo :Mareeg] ]|commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mareeg.com/|title=web.archive.org/mareeg|date=23 June 2003|publisher=|via=https://web.archive.org/|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=30 Bisha Todobaad 2022|archive-date=23 Bisha Lixaad 2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030623022808/http://mareeg.com/|dead-url=unfit}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://article.wn.com/view/2018/12/30/Somali_Telecom_block_Mareeg_Media_in_Mogadishu/|title=Somali Telecom block Mareeg Media in Mogadishu|website=article.wn.com|access-date=2019-05-01|archive-date=2019-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423180022/https://article.wn.com/view/2018/12/30/Somali_Telecom_block_Mareeg_Media_in_Mogadishu/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.halganka.net/content/somali-telecom-block-mareeg-media-mogadishu-mareeg-media|title=Somali Telecom block Mareeg Media in Mogadishu - Mareeg Media - HALGANKA.NET|website=www.halganka.net|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=2019-05-21|archive-date=2019-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423174521/http://www.halganka.net/content/somali-telecom-block-mareeg-media-mogadishu-mareeg-media|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.mondotimes.com/1/world/uk/142/4217/32106|title=Mareeg - MondoTimes.com|website=www.mondotimes.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.world-newspapers.com/somalia.html|title=Somali Newspapers and News Sites|website=www.world-newspapers.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/04/uae-plane-blocked-leaving-somalia-puntland-region-180415001458616.html|title=uae-plane-blocked-leaving-somalia|website=www.aljazeera.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.thenation.com/article/nick-turse-us-military-africom-blackballing-journalists/|title=us Militry|website=.www.thenation.com|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=2019-05-21|archive-date=2019-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423122155/https://www.thenation.com/article/nick-turse-us-military-africom-blackballing-journalists/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>c101g35llq40wwm0bviypo3ii5is6v5</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Bariga Turkistan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29894</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311825</id>
      <parentid>197255</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T22:08:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311825</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13147" sha1="5ul5s1lqlmlz7k0cat9gh8y1miv6vmh" xml:space="preserve">Turkistanta bari ama loogu yeero East Turkistan sidoo kale dalka shiinuhu waxa uu ugu yeeraa [[xinjiang]] 

Waa meel ay kunoolyihiin [[Muslim]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;iin badan oo lagu qiyaasay 9 Milyan wax kabadan

Waana dad uu shiinuhu  dhibaato xun ku ahayo , cidnana kama hadlin dhibkaas 
[[File:Kokbayraq_flag.svg|thumb|Qalanka Turkistanta bari&lt;br /&gt;(Kök Bayraq - The Blue Flag)]]


Bariga Turkestan , oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Uyghuristan , waa eray leh macno fara badan oo ku xidhan xaaladda iyo adeegsiga.  Taariikh ahaan, eraygan waxaa soo saaray aqoonyahanno Ruush ah sida Nikita Bichurin qarnigii 19-aad si loogu beddelo eray kale oo reer galbeed ah, Turkestan Shiine ah, kaasoo tixraacaya Tarim Basin oo ku yaal qaybta koonfur-galbeed ee gobolka Xinjiang ee boqortooyadii Qing.  Farsamadii dhexe ee reer Faaris ee loo yaqaan &quot;Turkestan&quot; iyo astaamihiisii ​​ma aysan isticmaalin dadka maxalliga ah ee gobolka weyn waxaana Shiinuhu lahaa magac u gaar ah aag isku soo duuboo ilaa iyo xilligii Han ay u ahaayeen Gobollada Galbeedka, iyada oo qaybo ka mid ah Shiinaha ay ku tilmaamtay Xinjiang.  Qarnigii 18aad wixii ka dambeeya.  Magaca taariikhiga ah ee Uyghur ee loo yaqaan 'Tarim Basin' waa Altishahr, oo macnaheedu yahay &quot;Lix Magaalo&quot; oo ku yaal Uyghur.

Laga soo bilaabo qarnigii 20aad, gooni goosadyada Uyghur iyo taageerayaashooda waxay u adeegsadeen bariga Turkestan (ama &quot;Uyghurstan&quot;) inay u riyaaqaan dhamaan magaalada Xinjiang, ama wadan madaxbanaan oo mustaqbalka ka jira gobolka Xinjiang ee Uyghur ee Ismaamul goboleedka (oo loo yaqaan Ürümqi in ay tahay magaalo madaxdeeda)  ).  Waxay diidaan magaca Xinjiang (oo macnaheedu yahay &quot;Frontier Cusub&quot; oo Shiine ah) sababta oo ah aragtida Shiinaha ee ka muuqata magaca waxayna doorbideysaa Bariga Turkestan inay xoogga saarto xiriirinta kooxaha kale ee Turkida.  Si kastaba ha noqotee, xitaa qorista wadaniyiinta, East Turkestan waxay sii haysataa macnaheeda juqraafi, dhuuban ee juquraafi ahaan.  Shiinaha gudahiisa, ereygu wuxuu leeyahay macno aan caadi ahayn maxaa yeelay asal ahaan wuxuu ka soo qaatay gumeystihii reer Yurub iyo adeegsiga ay hadda wadaan kooxaha mintidiinta.  Dowladda Shiinaha ayaa si firfircoon u diideysa adeegsiga.

Bariga Turkestan waa waddan xubin ka ah aas aaska Ururka aan la soo bandhigin iyo Ururka Dadka (UNPO), oo la sameeyay 1991. [1]

↑

UN &quot;UNPO: Bariga Turkestan&quot;.  Qabiil aan la soo bandhigin iyo Ururka Dadka.  16 Disember 2015. Waxaa dib loo soo celiyay 24 Abriil 2019. ￼{{Infobox settlement|name={{raise|0.2em|Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region}}|native_name={{ug-textonly|شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى}}&lt;br /&gt;{{lower|0.2em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-Hant|新疆维吾尔自治区}}}}}}|settlement_type=[[Autonomous regions of China|Autonomous region]]|translit_lang1=Name|translit_lang1_type=&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Chinese&lt;/span&gt;|translit_lang1_info={{line-height|1.4em|{{lang|zh-Hant|新疆维吾尔自治区}}&lt;br /&gt;(Xīnjiāng Wéiwú'ěr Zìzhìqū)}}|translit_lang1_type1=&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Abbreviation&lt;/span&gt;|translit_lang1_info1=XJ / {{lang|zh-hant|{{linktext|新}}}} ({{smaller|[[Pinyin]]:}} Xīn)|translit_lang1_type2=&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;[[Uyghur language|Uyghur]]&lt;/span&gt;|translit_lang1_info2={{ug-textonly|شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى}}|translit_lang1_type3=&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal; white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;Uyghur [[Transliteration|transl.]]&lt;/span&gt;|translit_lang1_info3={{nowrap|''Shinjang Uyghur Aptonom Rayoni''}}|image_skyline=LakeKanas.jpg|image_alt=Biyo buluug qurux badan oo safka hore leh oo leh kaynta weligeed leh iyo buuro ku taal dhulka dambe|image_caption=[[Harada Kanas]] oo ku taal waqooyiga waqooyiga Xinjiang|image_map=Xinjiang in China (de-facto) (+all claims hatched).svg|mapsize=275px|map_alt=Khariidad muujineysa meesha ay ku taal Gobolka Xinjiang Uyghur|map_caption={{longitem|style = line-height: 1.1em; |Map showing the location of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region}}|coordinates={{coord|41|N|85|E|type:adm1st_region:CN-65_dim:2000000|format=dms|display=it}}|named_for={{unbulleted list|style = line-height: 1.5em; |{{lang|zh-Hant|{{linktext|新}}}}, {{lang|zh-Latn|xīn}} (&quot;new&quot;)|{{lang|zh|{{linktext|疆}}}}, {{lang|zh-Latn|jiāng}} (&quot;frontier&quot; or &quot;borderland&quot;)}}|seat_type=Capital&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;(and largest city)&lt;/span&gt;|seat=[[Ürümqi]]|parts_type=Divisions|parts_style=para &lt;!-- list, coll (collapsed list), para (paragraph format) --&gt;|parts=&lt;!-- parts text or header for parts list --&gt;|p1=14 [[Prefectures of China|prefectures]]|p2=99 [[Counties of China|counties]]|p3=1005 [[Townships of China|townships]]|leader_title=[[Party Committee Secretary|Secretary]]|leader_name=[[Chen Quanguo]]|leader_title1=Chairman|leader_name1=[[Shohrat Zakir]]|area_footnotes=&lt;ref name=&quot;area&quot;&gt;{{cite web |script-title =zh:6-1 自然资源划 |language = zh |trans-title = 6-1 Natural Resources |url = http://www.xjtj.gov.cn/sjcx/tjnj_3415/2014xjtjnj/zyhj_2014/201506/t20150630_472020.html |publisher = Statistics Bureau of Xinjiang |accessdate= December 19, 2015 |url-status=dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151222152943/http://www.xjtj.gov.cn/sjcx/tjnj_3415/2014xjtjnj/zyhj_2014/201506/t20150630_472020.html |archive-date=2015-12-22 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|area_total_km2=1664897|area_rank=[[List of Chinese administrative divisions by area|1st]]|elevation_max_m=8,611|elevation_max_point=[[K2]]|elevation_min_m=−154|elevation_min_point=[[Lake Ayding]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=The Cambridge handbook of contemporary China |last=Mackerras |first=Colin |author2=Yorke, Amanda |year=1991 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-38755-2 |page=192 |url = https://books.google.com/?id=yiq_f71uXboC&amp;pg=PA192&amp;dq=%2BAydingkol |accessdate=2008-06-04 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|population_footnotes=&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author1 = Susan M. Walcott |author2 = Corey Johnson |title = Eurasian Corridors of Interconnection: From the South China to the Caspian Sea |date = November 1, 2013 |publisher = Routledge |pages = 64–65 |chapter = Where Inner Asia Meets Outer China: The Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China }}&lt;/ref&gt;|population_total=21,815,815|population_as_of=2010|population_rank=[[List of Chinese administrative divisions by population|25th]]|population_est=23,600,000|pop_est_as_of=2015|pop_est_footnotes=&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title = National Data |url = http://zsyz.sei.gov.cn/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=263642 |accessdate = May 6, 2015 }}{{dead link|date=August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;|population_density_km2=13|population_density_rank=[[List of Chinese administrative divisions by population density|29th]]|demographics_type1=Demographics|demographics1_footnotes=&lt;!-- for references; use &lt;ref&gt; tags --&gt;|demographics1_title1=Qowmiyadaha&lt;br /&gt;{{pad|0.5em}}composition|demographics1_info1={{unbulleted list|45.84% [[Uyghurs|Uyghur]]|40.48% [[Han Chinese|Han]]|6.50% [[Kazakhs|Kazakh]]|4.51% [[Hui people|Hui]]|2.67% Other}}|demographics1_title2={{nowrap|luuqadaha&lt;br /&gt;{{pad|0.5em}}and dialects}}|demographics1_info2={{unbulleted list|[[Uyghur language|Uyghur]] (luqad rasmi ah)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title = China |url = http://www.ethnologue.com/country/CN/status |website = [[Ethnologue]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;|[[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]] (luqad rasmi ah)|[[Kazakh language|Kazakh]]|[[Kyrgyz language|Kyrgyz]]|[[Oirat language|Oirat]]|[[Mongolian language|Mongolian]]|43 luuqado kele}}|iso_code=CN-XJ|blank_name_sec1=[[Gross domestic product|GDP]] &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal; font-size: 95%;&quot;&gt;(2017 &lt;ref name=&quot;GDP2017&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.tjcn.org/tjgb/31xj/35514.html |trans-title=Statistical Communiqué of Xinjiang on the 2017 National Economic and Social Development |script-title=zh:新疆维吾尔自治区2017年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |publisher=Statistical Bureau of Xinjiang |language=zh |date=April 25, 2018 |accessdate=2018-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622111438/http://www.tjcn.org/tjgb/31xj/35514.html |archive-date=June 22, 2018 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;|blank_info_sec1=[[Renminbi|CNY]] 1.1 trillion&lt;br /&gt;[[USD|$]]162 billion ([[List of Chinese administrative divisions by GDP|26th]])|blank1_name_sec1=&amp;nbsp;- per capita|blank1_info_sec1=[[Renminbi|CNY]] 45,099 &lt;br /&gt;USD 6,680 ([[List of Chinese administrative divisions by GDP per capita|21st]])|blank_name_sec2=[[Human Development Index|HDI]] &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;(2014)&lt;/span&gt;|blank_info_sec2=0.718&lt;ref name=&quot;2013 report&quot;&gt;{{cite book |url= http://www.cn.undp.org/content/dam/china/docs/Publications/UNDP-CH-HD-Publication-NHDR_2013_EN_final.pdf |title= China Human Development Report 2013: Sustainable and Liveable Cities: Toward Ecological Urbanisation |year= 2013 |author= United Nations Development Program |location= Beijing |publisher= Translation and Publishing Corporation |isbn= 978-7-5001-3754-2 |accessdate= May 14, 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140611132435/http://www.cn.undp.org/content/dam/china/docs/Publications/UNDP-CH-HD-Publication-NHDR_2013_EN_final.pdf |archive-date= June 11, 2014 |url-status= dead |df= mdy-all |author-link= United Nations Development Program }}&lt;/ref&gt; (&lt;span style=&quot;color:#090;&quot;&gt;high&lt;/span&gt;) ([[List of Chinese administrative divisions by Human Development Index|27th]])|website=[http://www.xinjiang.gov.cn/ Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region]|footnotes=}}'''Xinjiang 《bariga turistan》'''  sidoo kale  si rasmi ah gobolka Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region  (XUAR), waa gobol si rasmi ah u madaxbannaan Waqooyiga-galbeed Shiinaha.  Ahaanshaha qaybta ugu weyn ee heer gobol ee Shiinaha iyo dalka 8-aad ee ugu weyn adduunka, Xinjiang wuxuu ku fadhiyaa wax ka badan 1.6 milyan km2 (640,000 mayl laba jibaaran). [2]  Qayb yar oo ka mid ah Xinjiang waxaa sheegta India, kuna tilmaamtay &quot;Aksai Chin&quot;.  Xinjiang waxay xuduud la leedahay wadamada Mongolia (Bayan-Ölgii, Khovd iyo Govi-Altai), Russia (Altai Republic), Kazakhstan (Gobollada Bariga Kazakhstan iyo Almaty), Kyrgyzstan (Issyk Kul, Naryn iyo Osh Gobollada), Tajikistan (Gorno-Badakhshan)  Gobol madaxbannaan, Afgaanistaan ​​(Gobolka Badakhshan), Pakistan (Gilgit Baltistan) iyo Hindiya (Ladakh iyo Jammu iyo Kashmir).  Buuraha Karakoram, Kunlun iyo buuraha Tian Shan waxaa ku badan xadka Xinjiang, iyo sidoo kale gobollada galbeedka iyo koonfurta.  Xinjiang ayaa sidoo kale xuduud la leh Gobolka Tibet oo iskiis u madaxbannaan iyo gobollada Gansu iyo Qinghai.  Wadada ugu caansan ee wadada taariikhiga ah ee silk waxay soo martay dhulka laga bilaabo bari ilaa xadka waqooyi galbeed.

Tobannaankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, kayd badan oo saliid iyo macdan badan ayaa laga helay Xinjiang oo hadda waa gobolka ugu weyn ee Shiinaha laga soo saaro gaaska dabiiciga ah.

Waxay hoy u tahay dhowr qowmiyadood, oo ay ku jiraan Uyghur, Han, Kazakhs, Tibetans, Hui, Tajiks, Kyrgyz, Mongoli, Russia iyo Xibe. [3]  In kabadan dhowr iyo toban maamul oo iskii u madax banaan iyo gobollada laga tirada badan yahay ayaa ku yaal Xinjiang.  Shaqooyinka tixraaca luqadaha Ingiriisiga ee gaboobay ayaa badanaa u tixraaca aagga sida Turkestan Shiine. [4]  Xinjiang wuxuu u qaybsan yahay Barta loo yaqaan 'Dzungarian Basin' ee woqooyiga iyo Tarim Basin oo koonfurta ku taal bad baaxad ah.  Kaliya qiyaastii 9.7% aagga dhulka Xinjiang ayaa ku habboon in lagu noolaado aadamiga. [5]

Marka la haysto taariikh la diiwaangeliyay ugu yaraan 2 500 sano, isugeyn dadka iyo boqortooyooyinka ayaa u hanqal taagay inay gacanta ku dhigaan dhammaan ama qeybaha dhulkan.  Dhulku wuxuu ku yimid xukunka xukunkii Qing qarnigii 18aad, kaas oo markii dambe lagu beddelay dawladda Jamhuuriyadda Shiinaha.  Laga soo bilaabo 1949, waxay qayb ka ahayd Jamhuuriyadda Dadka Shiinaha wixii ka dambeeyay Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Shiinaha.  Sanadkii 1954, Xinjiang Bingtuan waxaa loo sameeyay in la xoojiyo difaaca xuduudaha ee ka dhanka ah Soofiyeeti sidoo kalena la kobciyo dhaqaalaha gudaha.  Sannadkii 1955, Xinjiang waxaa loo beddelay gobol madaxbannaan oo laga soo doortay gobol.  Tobannaankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, dhaqdhaqaaqa madaxbanaanida bariga Turkestan, khilaaf gooni gooni ah iyo saameynta islaamiyiinta xagjirka ah labaduba waxay dhalisay xasillooni darro ka dhacda gobolka, iyada oo mararka qaar weeraro argagixiso iyo isku dhacyo u dhexeeya gooni-goosadyada iyo ciidamada dowladda. [6] [7]

Laga soo bilaabo 2014 [8] xubnaha Kashgar ee Muslimka Uyghur ee laga tirada badan yahay waxaa lagu hayaa xeryaha dib-u-soo-noqoshada ee Xinjiang, oo sida la sheegay looga golleeyahay in la beddelo fikirka siyaasadeed ee maxaabiista, aqoonsigooda iyo waxay rumeysan yihiin diintooda iyada oo loo marayo dhaqan-celin iyo jirdil. [9] [10] [  11] [12]  Guddi ka socda Qaramada Midoobay ayaa soo xigtay warbixinno ku saabsan sanadka 2018 in 1 illaa 2 milyan lagu hayo xeryaha dadka lagu baro. [13]  Shiinaha ayaa dafiray jiritaanka xarumo lagu xirayo wuxuuna u sheegay xarumaha inay yihiin &quot;xarumaha waxbarashada xirfadaha.&quot;  warqad saxiix ah oo loo diray UN;  22ka dal ee saxeexay waraaqda tartamaya ee taageeraya sheekada reer Galbeedka, midkoodna ma ahayn aqlabiyad muslimiin ah</text>
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    <title>Genel Energy</title>
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      <text bytes="4147" sha1="0nj4ipvxuacncng2xrf8t65w9fnrh84" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox company
| name             = '''Genel Energy''' {{Flag|United Kingdom}} {{Flag|Turkey}}
| logo             =
| caption          = 
| type             = Public company|Public]
| traded_as        = [[lse|GENL}} '''FTSE''']]
| fate             = 
| predecessor      = Genel Enerji
| successor        = 
| foundation       = {{Start date|2011}}
| founder          = 
| defunct          = &lt;!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --&gt;
| location_city    = London
| location_country = 
| locations        = 
| area_served      = [[Somaliland]]  salidka Toosan 650 MN barrelka '''2024-2025'''
| key_people       = {{Plainlist|
* Stephen Whyte (Chairman)
* '''Paul Weir''' (CEO)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Board of Directors|url=https://www.genelenergy.com/about-us/our-senior-team/board-of-directors/|website=Genel Energy|access-date=21 May 2019|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=15 Bisha Sideedaad 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150815114527/https://www.genelenergy.com/about-us/our-senior-team/board-of-directors/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| industry         = '''salidka iyo gaaska'''
| products         = 
| services         = 
| revenue          = 
| operating_income = 
| net_income       = 
| assets           = 
| equity           = 
| owner            = 
| num_employees    = 
| parent           = 
| divisions        = 
| subsid           = 
| homepage         = {{URL|www.genelenergy.com}}
| footnotes        = 
| intl             = 
}}

'''Genel energy'''

* Ama : shirkadda shidaalka soo saarta

'''CEO- Paul Weir'''

[http://www.genelenergy.com www.genelenergy.com] {{Wayback|url=http://www.genelenergy.com/ |date=20140828082657 }}

[[File:Somaliland_oil_explorations.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Sawirku waxa uu muujinayaa SL13 IYO SL10 Gobolada Somaliland sida [[Toosan Prospect SL13/SL10]] , [[Daggan Prospect SL13/SL10]] ,[[Xagar Prospect SL13/SL10]] , [[Saafi Prospect SL13/SL10]] ,[[Galool Prospect SL13/SL10]] iyo kuwo kale ayaa muujinaya gobolada shidaalka oo ku dhawaad ​​2-5 bilyan oo barrle oo saliid qaydhiin ah ku jiraan shiidaalka [[Somaliland]] , shirkadaha heshiisyada shiidaalka ayaa doonaya in ay isku xidhaan gaadiidka ku wajahan [[Berbera]]. magaalada]]

[[File:MAP-OF-BLOCK-1.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Genel waxay lahayd 2 baloog oo ka mid ah batroolka shidaalka Somaliland oo uu Bahadhamal ka tusay saliid cayriin]]
[[File:Drilling_Roughnecks_(8744524276).jpg|thumb|right|400px| qodista saliidda sawirka: Somaliland [[GenelEnergy]] Oo Qorshaysa Sahminta Ceelasha Lacagaha Soo Saara [[Somaliland]] Waxa Lagu Qiyaasay 450 Milyan Oo Barrle, Waxana La Qaban Doona 2025-2026 [[Ceelka salidka Lacag]][[Toosan Prospect SL13/SL10]] ]]

* {{Flag|Turkey}} 
* {{Flag|United Kingdom}}


Shirkad Shidaal oo laga leeyahay dalka Ingriiska oo saami qaybsi ka qaadatay wadamo badan oo ay ku jirto Somaliland oo ku taalla bariga Afrika, qorshayaasha tamarta guud oo Somaliland ka bilaabaya 2023

==Salidka Somaliland Genel Dhulka Hoose ==

* Ceelka : '''sl10/sl13'''
* lacagta ceelaha:        '''25MN'''
* bpd:                    '''000 bpd'''
* pumpjacks:

* '''Toosan Well 1'''
Genel Energy ceelasha saliidda saliid ceyriin '''2bn''' oo barrle 2025-2026'''

==Salidka Kurdistan Dhulka Hoose==

Kurdistan iyo Genel oo soo saara ku dhawaad ​​26000 barrle oo saliid ceyriin ah, Genel waxay ceelal ku leedahay Kurdistan
'''30,000 bpd'''
* Ceelka : '''peshkabir''' 
* lacagta ceelaha:   30mn    
* bpd:                    ''' 40000 bpd'''
* Ceelka : '''tawke'''
* lacagta ceelaha: '''40mn'''
* bpd:                    '''82,081 bpd'''


==Warka==
* https://genelenergy.com/asset/somaliland/{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* https://somalilandstandard.com/somaliland-genel-energy-and-taiwans-opic-hold-high-level-meeting-on-oil-exploration/
* https://web.archive.org/web/20250623114914/https://genelenergy.com/assets/
* https://somalilandstandard.com/somaliland-energy-ministry-announces-oil-discovery-in-bahodhamal/

==Sido kale firi==
* [[Liska Salidka Mawduucyada]]
* [[Salidka Bahadhamal]]
* [[Toosan Prospect SL13/SL10]]
* [[Birka salidka Dulka Hoose]]
* [[Xagar Prospect SL13/SL10]]</text>
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    <title>Xarunta Fadhiweyn ama Farxadda</title>
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      <text bytes="1739" sha1="ove7hn3cauz8d6nr4qh53kjr0vj5m97" xml:space="preserve">Mahadsanidin

==Burburkii kadib==
Burburkii 1921kii kadib, aaminaadka iyo taageerada fikradda Garad Diiriye Guure ma dhamaanin, ee lid ahaan waxaa tobaneeyada kuxigeenka caanbaxay dhawr shaqsiyaal oo halgaankii muqadas ahaa faafiya. Waxaa faafiyaasha ka mid ahaa Xassan Barsane 1920-yadii, Jaamac Faadhyoon 1930-yadii, Jaamac Tilifoon 1940-yadii, xisbiga SYL 1950-yadii, iyo Faarax Sugulle Kaligiimaadhle iyo dhaqdhaqaaqiis &quot;ciidanka daraawiishta&quot; waqtiga gobanimada wadanka Soomaaliyeed.

Abaanduulkii ee Ingiriis wuxuu yidhi, xarunta waa dowlad iyo xukuumad:
::''but the Haroun, which was his emblem of power and seat of government, offered a fairly large though movable objective. Though the Mullah himself might escape, the capture of the Haroun meant the destruction of his prestige, and, in all probability, his own final surrender.''&lt;ref&gt;Official History of the Operations in Somaliland, 1901-04;&lt;/ref&gt;

==Farxadda==
Xarunta Farxadda waxay ahayd xarun gooni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://maktabadda.com/diiwaanka-gabayadii-sayid-maxamed-cabdulle-xasan/xuseenow-ninkii-laable/ |access-date=2020-12-31 |archive-date=2020-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128020738/https://maktabadda.com/diiwaanka-gabayadii-sayid-maxamed-cabdulle-xasan/xuseenow-ninkii-laable/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Micne==
* Gaashaanle Ingiriiska ee Cobbe la yidhaahdo, wuxuu ku tarjumay af-ingiriis &quot;haroun&quot; ama &quot;xarun&quot; iney micneheeda tahay &quot;headquarters encampent&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;https://archive.org/details/officialhistory00stafgoog/page/n178&lt;/ref&gt;
*Douglas Jardine wuxuu ku tilmaamay &quot;haroun&quot; iney tahay: &quot;Armed encampment where the Mullah and his intimate advisers lived. &quot;

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[category:Daraawiish]]</text>
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| name             = Uniquegodx
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| birth_name       = Dominic Thomas Junior.
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| birth_date       = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1998|2|14}}
| birth_place      = [[Halifax]], [[Nova Scotia]], [[Kanada]]
| origin           = [[Toronto]], Ontario, Canada
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* Vocals
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* Instrumentalist
* rapper
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| years_active     = 2016–present
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* Rayzak
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* [[Adam Levine]]
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* [[will.i.am]]
* [[Chubb Rock]]
* [[Bono]]
* [[Damian Marley]]
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| website          = {{url|Uniquegodx.com}}
}}

'''Dominic Thomas Junior'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.everybodywiki.com/Uniquegodx&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://music.fandom.com/wiki/Uniquegodx&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://everipedia.org/wiki/lang_en/uniquegodx{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; (wuxuu dhashay '''Febraayo 14, 1998''')&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;https://www.celebritiesfrom.com/uniquegodx.html{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59137747&lt;/ref&gt; si xirfad leh oo loo yaqaan '''Uniquegodx''' waa fanaan Soomaali-Kanadiyaan ah, Rapper iyo heesaa. Waxaa uu ku noolayahay magaalada Toronto, muusiggiisa waxaa lagu xusaa iskudarka muusigga hiddaha iyo noocyada kale ee ka duwan. Wuxuu ku heesaa noocyo kala duwan oo cod ah, oo ay ku jiraan pop, r &amp; b iyo elektaroonik dance.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;[https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59137747]

== Personal life ==
'''Uniquegodx''' uxuu ku dhashay [[Halifax, Nova Scotia]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rnan&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://leejefferson.livejournal.com/497.html|publisher=live Journal|accessdate=1 December 2018|title=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=29 Bisha Koobaad 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140129080318/http://digitaljournal.com/article/318115|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Uniquegodx&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://leejefferson.livejournal.com/497.html|title=Artist to watch: Uniquegodx|last=Dominic|first=Thomas|date=16 October 2018|newspaper=Live Journal|accessdate=17 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140129080318/http://digitaljournal.com/article/318115|archivedate=29 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu ku koray [[Broward County]], [[Florida]]  isaga iyo adeerkiis halkaas oo uu ku bilabay in uu samayo muusikada. Uniquegodx waxay ku dhexjirtay farshaxanimada da'da hore. Wuxuu bilaabay heesaha markii uu ahaa 6 sano jir, isagoo la soo qaatay muusig iskuulka dhexdiisa ah iyo sidoo kale goobta koonfurta Florida [[hip hop/Rap]] ka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Uniquegodx&quot; /&gt; Uniquegodx wuxuu markii dambe ku soo noqday [[Somalia]] si uu u fahmo ugana xoojiyo xiriirkiisa dhaqanka hooyadeed. Wuxuu ku sifeeyay waqtigiisii halkaas inuu yahay mid saameyn leh, isaga oo u oggolaaday inuu barbaariyo Artist-nimadiisa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cmcan&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{cite web|title=Get to know Uniquegodx. And What Makes Him An Artist And How He Views The World. |url=&lt;/nowiki&gt;https://medium.com/@scumgang8/get-to-know-uniquegodx-and-what-makes-him-an-artist-and-how-he-views-the-world-645201085d0d%7Cpublisher=Medium {{Wayback|url=https://medium.com/@scumgang8/get-to-know-uniquegodx-and-what-makes-him-an-artist-and-how-he-views-the-world-645201085d0d%7Cpublisher=Medium |date=20230527231609 }} |accessdate=1 December 2018 |deadurl=No |&lt;/ref&gt;  Daraasadiisii dugsiga sare kadib, Uniquegodx wuxuu dhigtey Jaamacadda [[University of San Diego]]. Wuxuu ku bartay barashada cilmiga fiisigiska(AMO).&lt;ref name=&quot;Uniquegodx&quot; /&gt;

== Career ==
'''Uniquegodx''' wuxuu raacay waddo si xirfadeed ka madaxbanaan shirkada muusikada. Markii hore wuxuu la kaashaday oo muusik lasameyay fanaaniin kale, Si kastaba ha noqotee, waa uu tirtiray dhammaan mashruucii la sii daayay si uu isku soo cusbooneysiiyo &lt;nowiki&gt;''Uniquegodx''&lt;/nowiki&gt; oo uu si gaar ah diiradda isku saaro.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rnan&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://medium.com/@scumgang8/get-to-know-uniquegodx-and-what-makes-him-an-artist-and-how-he-views-the-world-645201085d0d&lt;/ref&gt;

Ka sokow kanaaladaha caadiga ah ee suuqgeynta Muusigga, Uniquegodx waxa u adeegsatay warbaahinta bulshada si aalad muhiim u ah suuq geyntiisa. Oo uu Ku siidayay heesayaashiisa meelaha ay ka midka yihiin [[YouTube]], [[soundcloud]], [[Facebook]] Iyo shabakadaha kale ee bulshada, taas oo ka caawisay inuu dhiso taageero Wayn. Xilliga Gu'ga 2018 wuxuu sii daayay albumkiisii ​​ugu horreeyay ee EDM ahaa, oo cinwaankiisu yahay entitled ''Skrillxx is god: skies and melodies,'' &lt;ref&gt;https://open.spotify.com/album/6gjoYhcIYgO9vNsH7CpWU4&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.discogs.com/artist/7694337-Uniquegodx&lt;/ref&gt;kass oo isku duub ah 8 heesood. Kaas oo soo bandhigay muunado laga soo qaaday fiidiyowyo internet caan ah iyo kaliibyo ah fannaanki dhintay Jahseh Dwayne Ricardo Onfroy [[XXXTentacion]].

Miyuusigga Uniquegodx's  waa kala duwan yahay, oo u waxa uu dhexeeya [[Popular music|pop]], ilaa [[alternative rock]], ilaa [[Rhythm and blues|R&amp;B]] ilaa [[Emo rap]]. Kala duwanaanshaha muusikada wuxuu ka yimid dhadhankiisa miyuusigga iyo dadka uu ka racay saameyntiisa oo ay kujiran [[Kurt Cobain]], kaasoo uu ku tilmaamay inuu yahay dhiirigelintiisii ​​ugu weyneyd, [[The Weeknd]], [[Tupac Shakur]], [[Cage the Elephant]], The Fray, [[Papa Roach]], [[Blue Hearts]], [[Skrillex]], [[Three Days Grace]], [[Gorillaz]], iyo [[Coldplay]]. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59137747&lt;/ref&gt;Mar uu ka hadlayey dadkii saameyn ku yeeshay, Uniquegodx wuxuu yidhi, &quot;Runtii waxaan dhageysta nooc iyo genre walba, waxaan dhageystaa wax walba, maba joojiyo&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Maan&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Cmcan&quot; /&gt;Qaabka codadka ee 'Uniquegodx' waxaa lagu sharaxay si habsami leh, oo ay ku muujinayaan &quot;nuglaansanaan xagga shucuureed&quot; qaar ka mid ah na raad-raacyada metal musig oo ay ku bandhigaan qaylada iyo muujinta codka wayn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Maan&quot;&gt;&amp;#x3C;/nowiki&amp;#x3E;{{cite web|url=https://medium.com/@scumgang8/get-to-know-uniquegodx-and-what-makes-him-an-artist-and-how-he-views-the-world-645201085d0d/|title=Get to know Uniquegodx. And What Makes Him An Artist And How He Views The World.|publisher=Medium|accessdate=1 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ereyadiisa waxaa lagu sifeeyay kuwo is le'eg, oo diiradda lagu saarayo arrimo dan u ah isaga iyo bulshada Soomaaliyeed. In kasta oo inta badan fanaaniinta Soomaaliyeed ay ku heesaan afka Soomaaliga si ugaraan dhagaystayaasha Soomaaliga,&lt;ref name=&quot;Uniquegodx&quot; /&gt; Uniquegodx waxay dooratay in uu ku sii deeyo heesaha Afka Ingiriisiga iyo Afka Soomaaliga si uu ugaaro dhagaystayaal ballaaran oo caalami ah...&lt;ref name=&quot;Uniquegodx&quot; /&gt;  

Single by Uniquegodx waxaa ka mid ah &quot;Addicted to love&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;https://www.discogs.com/artist/7694337-Uniquegodx&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;Sun of serpent&quot; iyo &quot;Falling&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Uniquegodx&quot; /&gt;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cmcan&quot; /&gt;

Saamaynta muusikada dadka samaynta ugu weyn ku leh Uniquegodx waxaa ka mid ah  [[Kurt Cobain]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rnan&quot; /&gt; Waxa kale oo uu u bogaadiyaa heesaha [[No Rome]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Uniquegodx&quot; /&gt;

== Discography ==

'''Albums'''

Uniquegodx waxa uu soo saray in kudhaw 2 album, wxaana ka mid ah:

* [[2018]]: [Skrillxx Is God : Skies and Melodies]]
* [[2020]]: [[Sincerely, Itwillneverbeenough]] 

'''Singles'''
* [[2018]]: [[Sun of a serpent , Addicted life ft AJNA]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/7694337-Uniquegodx]
* [[2019]]: [[Oh! My(beautiful) Pt. 1]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/7694337-Uniquegodx]
* [[2020]]: [[Fall]]


&lt;br /&gt;&lt;references /&gt;


[[category:fanaaniinta]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Momo</title>
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      <text bytes="10873" sha1="7ui6bv4eegnxptu38ee5endcv62oem1" xml:space="preserve">'''Momo Hirai''' ([[Jabaan]]:平井 も も, ''Hirai Momo'', waxay dhashay Nofeembar 9, 1996), oo caan ku ah magaca '''Mom''' ([[Kuuriya]]: 모모; [[Jabaan|Jabaani]]: モ モ), waa heesaa Jabbaan ah oo hadda ku sugan Koonfur Kuuriya, waxay xubin ka tahay kooxda gabdhaha [[Twice]] ee ay sameysay [[JYP Entertainment]].

{{short description|Fannaaniinta Jaban}} {{Use mdy dates|date=October 2016}}{{Infobox musical artist|name=Momo|occupation={{hlist|Fanaan|}}|associated_acts={{hlist|[[Twice]]|[[JYP Nation]]}}|label={{hlist|[[JYP Entertainment|JYP]]|[[Warner Music Japan|Warner Japan]]}}|years_active=2015–hada|instrument=[[Cod]]|genre={{hlist|[[K-pop]]|[[J-pop]]}}|background=solo_singer|birth_place=[[Kyōtanabe, Kyoto|Kyōtanabe]], [[Jabaan]]|image=|birth_date={{birth date and age|1996|11|09}}|birth_name=Momo Hirai|native_name_lang=ja|native_name=平井もも|image=220722 Momo 01.jpg|caption=Momo Sannadka 2022|landscape=|image_size=|module=
}}
==Nolosha iyo shaqada==
===Nolosha hore iyo hawlaha bilowga hore===
Momo Hirai wuxuu ku dhashay Kyōtanabe , Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.  Waxay bilowday qoob-ka-ciyaarka iyadoo saddex jir ah, iyada iyo walaasheed ka weyn, Hana. 
Momo ayaa horay u soo bandhigtay warshadaha muusikada ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed , oo ka soo muuqday muuqaal muusig Lexy ee 2008 iyo bandhig faneedka Superstar K ee 2011 . 4 Ka hor intaysan ku biirin laba jeer, waxay ku dheeshay tiro muusik ah oo muusik ah sida &quot;tababaraha K-Pop Momo waxaa markii hore la qorsheeyay in ay ka soo baxdo koox gabdho ah oo afar xubnood ka kooban gudaha Japan 2012; si kastaba ha ahaatee, JYP ayaa hakisay qorshaha sababtoo ah xumaaday xiriirka Kuuriya iyo Japan ka dib khilaafkii Liancourt Rocks Sannadkii 2015, Momo waxay ka qayb qaadatay bandhigga telefishinka dhabta ah ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed , oo ay samaysay JYP Entertainment oo ay wada-jir u soo saartay Mnet Markii hore waa laga saaray bandhigga, laakiin waxaa soo celiyay Park Jin-young dhamaadka si ay uga mid noqoto safka ugu dambeeya ee kooxda laba jeer , sababtoo ah awoodeeda wax qabad.
===Ugu horrayn laba jeer iyo MiSaMo===
[[File:Momo_going_to_a_Music_Bank_recording_on_November_13,_2015_04.png|thumb|Momo bishii Nofeembar 2015]]
Bishii Oktoobar 2015, Momo ayaa si rasmi ah uga doodday xubin ka mid ah Laba jeer iyada oo la sii daayay ciyaartoodii ugu horreysay ee la dheereeyey (EP), Sheekadu waxay bilaabmaysaa  iyo hal-ku-dhiggeeda &quot; Sida Ooh-Ahh   Febraayo 9, 2023, JYP waxay ku dhawaaqday in Momo, oo ay weheliyaan saaxiibbadiis Sana iyo Mina , ay si rasmi ah ugaga muuqan doonaan Japan Julaay 26 iyada oo qayb hoosaad ah oo lagu magacaabo MiSaMo oo wadata riwaayadda dheer ee cinwaankeedu yahay Masterpiece . Ka hor inta aan la bilaabin seddexda ciyaaryahan, Janaayo 25, waxay sii daayeen track &quot;Bouquet&quot; oo qayb ka ah heesaha taxanaha riwaayadaha TV Asahi Xiriirinta: Kodomo no Kokoro Shinryōjo .
==Farshaxan==
Momo ayaa daaha ka qaaday in walaasheed ka weyn Hana ay saamaysay tan iyo yaraanteedii; halkaas oo ay ka bilowday ciyaarta iyada oo saddex jir ah Waxay sidoo kale daaha ka qaaday in fannaanka J-pop Namie Amuro uu yahay ku dayashadeeda iyo in ay &quot;rabtay inay noqoto sida iyada oo kale maalin. Waxay xustay inay jeceshahay 2NE1 iyo Roobka , iyadoo sharxaysa, &quot;Waxaan had iyo jeer doonayay inaan dadka kaga farxiyo qoob-ka-ciyaarkayga, qoob-ka-cayaarka K-pop-ka ayaa iga farxiyay.
==Taageerada==
Sannadkii 2022, Momo waxaa loo magacaabay muse-ka caanka ah ee Wonjungyo, oo ah summada isqurxinta oo uu kormeero Won Jung-yo, farshaxan-qurxiyaha Twice Bishii Oktoobar 2022, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inay tahay danjiraha astaanta u ah astaanta isboortiga Japan, Onitsuka Tiger Bishii Maajo 2023, waxay samaysay muuqaal moodel ah si ay u horumariso abka wararka Jabbaan ee SmartNews Bishii Juun 2023, Momo waxaa loo doortay safiirka Japan ee sumadda moodada Talyaaniga Miu Miu.
==Sawirka iyo saamaynta==
Waxaa loo yaqaanaa jirdhiska jirkeeda iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa jirka, waxaa lagu naaneeso &quot;Mashiinka Qoob-ka-ciyaarka&quot; taageerayaasheeda dhexdooda, waxaana loo arkaa qoob ka ciyaarka ugu fiican laba jeer.
[[File:TWICE%27s_Momo_(2)_at_Asian_Artist_Awards_on_November_28,_2018_(2)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Momo inta lagu guda jiro 2018 Abaalmarinta Fanaaniinta Aasiya]]
Codbixinta muusiga sanadlaha ah ee Gallup Korea ee 2018, Momo waxaa loo codeeyay sanamka 20-aad ee ugu caansan Koonfurta Kuuriya,  shakhsiga labaad ee ugu darajada sarreeya Japan ee codbixinta, ka dambeeya laba jeer saaxiibkii Sana  Waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah xiddigaha K-pop-ka ugu caansan ee aan Kuuriyaanka ahayn tan iyo markii ugu horeysay, iyo Chosun Ilbo waxay ku qadarineysaa caannimadeeda inay gacan ka geysato hagaajinta xiriirka u dhexeeya Kuuriyada Koonfureed iyo Japan 2019, Momo waxay heshay dareenka Twitter ka dib markii fiidiyoow muuqaal ah oo iyada ah loo sii daayay Feel Special waxayna gashay kaalinta tobnaad ee dumarka K-pop sanam ee ugu caansan sahanka askarta dhamaystiraya adeegga milatari ee qasabka ah ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed Sannadkii 2023, waxay dhaaftay Naomi Watanabe waxayna noqotay qofkii ugu horreeyay ee Japan ah ee ku dhufto 10 milyan oo raacsan Instagram kaliya ka dib siddeed bilood oo ay boggeeda ku furtay madal la sheegay. 
==Sawir-qaadis==
===Iskaashi===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+ List of collaboration singles, showing year released and album name
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Albumka
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Encore&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=JYP Entertainment artists gather for 'Encore'|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2018/11/688_210273.html|work=[[The Korea Times]]|last=Yeo|first=Ye-rim|date=July 25, 2016|access-date=September 20, 2024|archive-date=September 20, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240920203406/https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2018/11/688_210273.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{small|(with [[Kim Yu-bin (musician)|Yubin]], [[Park Ye-eun|Yeeun]], [[Woo Hye-rim|Hyerim]], [[Min (South Korean singer)|Min]], [[Nichkhun]], [[Lee Jun-ho (entertainer)|Junho]], [[Mark Tuan|Mark]],&lt;br /&gt;[[Jackson Wang|Jackson]], [[Yugyeom]], [[Nayeon]], [[Jeongyeon]] and [[Mina (Japanese singer)|Mina]] as [[JYP Nation]])}}
| 2016
| {{Non-album single}}
|}
===Heeso kale oo jaantus ah===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+ Liiska heesaha kale ee la jaanqaaday, muujinaya sanadka la sii daayay, boosaska jaantuska ee la doortay iyo magaca albamka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; | Jaantuska ugu sarreeya
! scope=&quot;col&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Albumka
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%; width:3em&quot; | [[Circle Download Chart|KOR&lt;br /&gt;Down.]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Peak positions on the Circle Download Chart:
* {{cite web|title=Songs from ''Ten: The Story Continues''|url=https://circlechart.kr/page_chart/onoff.circle?nationGbn=T&amp;serviceGbn=S1020&amp;targetTime=41&amp;hitYear=2025&amp;termGbn=week&amp;yearTime=3|date=October 5–11, 2025|access-date=October 16, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Move Like That&quot;
| 2025
| 179
| ''[[Ten: The Story Goes On]]''
|}
===Heesaha qoraalka===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center
|+ List of songs, showing year released, artist name, and name of the album
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Fanaanka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Albumka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Xusuusin 
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Shot Thru the Heart&quot;
| 2018
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; | [[Twice]]
| ''[[Summer Nights (EP)|Summer Nights]]''
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; | As [[lyricist]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Hot&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2019
| ''[[Fancy You (EP)|Fancy You]]''
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Love Foolish&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | ''[[Feel Special]]''
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;21:29&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;[[Celebrate (Twice song)|Celebrate]]&quot;
| 2022
| ''[[Celebrate (Twice album)|Celebrate]]''
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Funny Valentine&quot;
| 2023
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[MiSaMo]]
| ''[[Masterpiece (EP)|Masterpiece]]''
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Money in My Pocket&quot;
| 2024
| ''[[Haute Couture (EP)|Haute Couture]]''
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Me+You&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author1=[[JYP Entertainment]] |title=Twice Special Album 'Ten: The Story Goes On' Original Sitcom Series Tune in: Soundtrack |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNURAxiulZM |via=[[YouTube]] |access-date=September 29, 2025 |date=September 29, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| 2025
| Twice
| ''[[Ten: The Story Goes On]]''
|}
===Filmography===
===Bandhigyada telefishinka===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Doorka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Xusuusin 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | {{abbr|Tixraac.|Reference(s)}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2015
| ''[[Sixteen (TV program)|Sixteen]]''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Contestant
| 
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2016
| ''[[Hit the Stage]]''
| Episode 1–4
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|script-title=ko:태민·효연·보라·호야·유권 등, 엠넷 '힛더스테이지' 출연[공식발표]|url=http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1110442931|website={{ill|Osen (newspaper)|ko|OSEN|lt=Osen}}|publisher=TV Report|language=ko|last=Choi|first=Na-young|date=June 24, 2016|access-date=June 24, 2016|archive-date=June 27, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160627060240/http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1110442931|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2017
| ''Real Class – Elementary Kid Teachers''
| Cast
| Lunar New Year special (2 Parts)
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|script-title=ko:'초등학쌤' 강남·헨리·모모, 한글 수준 평균 6세|url=http://tvdaily.asiae.co.kr/read.php3?aid=14851486551204391019|website={{ill|Osen (newspaper)|ko|OSEN|lt=Osen}}|publisher=TV Daily|language=ko|access-date=April 29, 2020|archive-date=June 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622080212/http://tvdaily.asiae.co.kr/read.php3?aid=14851486551204391019|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
===Martigelinta===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Xusuusin 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | {{abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2016
| ''Suwon K-pop Super Concert''
| with [[Kim Hee-chul]], [[Zhou Mi (singer)|Zhou Mi]] and [[Chaeyoung]]
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|script-title=ko:I.O.I·트와이스·여자친구 등 출격...수원 K팝 슈퍼콘서트, 걸그룹 대축제|url=http://sbsfune.sbs.co.kr/news/news_content.jsp?article_id=E10007796194|website=SBS Entertainment News|language=ko|date=June 14, 2016|access-date=December 10, 2019|archive-date=June 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605070151/http://sbsfune.sbs.co.kr/news/news_content.jsp?article_id=E10007796194|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibadda==
{{Commons|Category:Momo Hirai|Momo Hirai}}
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Blackpink</title>
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      <text bytes="36005" sha1="g54mxq89v20ldxl413pahjztcbnheso" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist|name=Blackpink|image=Blackpink Pink Carpet Event 2.jpg|landscape=haa|alt=Blackpink in PUBG Mobile promotional video in March 2021|caption=Blackpink ee 2024 &lt;br /&gt; bidix ilaa midig: [[Lisa]], [[Jisoo]], [[Jennie]], iyo [[Rosé]]|origin=[[Seoul]], Koonfur Kuuriya|genre=[[K-pop]]|years_active={{start date|2016}}–hada|label=*[[YG Entertainment|YG]]
*YGEX
*[[Interscope Records]]|associated_acts=YG Family|website={{URL|blackpinkofficial.com}}|current_members=* [[Jisoo]]
* [[Jennie]]
* [[Rosé]]
* [[Lisa]]}}{{short description|koox gabdhood}}'''Blackpink''' ([[Hangul]]: 블랙 핑크; inta badan loo habeeyey sida '''BLACKPINK''' ama '''BLΛƆKPIИK''') waa koox gabdhaha Kuuriyada Koonfureed ah oo ay samaysatay [[YG Entertainment]], kana kooban xubno [[Jisoo]], [[Jennie]], [[Rosé]], iyo [[Lisa]].

Blackpink waa ficilka ugu sarreeya ee dumarka Kuuriyaanka ah ee ugu sarreeya ee [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]], oo ku sarreysa lambarka 13 ee leh &quot;[[Ice Cream]]&quot; (2020), iyo [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]], oo ku sarreysa lambarka labaad ''[[The Album]]'' (2020), kaas oo sidoo kale ah albamkii ugu horeeyay ee ay sameeyaan koox gabar Kuuriyaan ah oo iibisa in ka badan hal milyan oo nuqul.&lt;ref&gt;* {{cite magazine|first=Gary|last=Trust|date=September 8, 2020|title=Blackpink Hits New Hot 100 High With Debut of Selena Gomez Collab 'Ice Cream'|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/chart-beat/9445890/blackpink-hits-new-hot-100-high-ice-cream|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=September 8, 2020|language=en|archive-date=September 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200910181907/https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/chart-beat/9445890/blackpink-hits-new-hot-100-high-ice-cream|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite magazine|title=21 Savage &amp; Metro Boomin's 'Savage Mode II' Debuts at No. 1 on Billboard 200 Chart|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/chart-beat/9463907/21-savage-metro-boomin-savage-billboard-200-chart-debut|access-date=October 11, 2020|magazine=Billboard|language=en|archive-date=October 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017121028/https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/chart-beat/9463907/21-savage-metro-boomin-savage-billboard-200-chart-debut|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite web|date=November 13, 2020|title=NCT, BLACKPINK, Seventeen achieve 'million seller' status with their new albums|url=https://mb.com.ph/2020/11/13/nct-blackpink-seventeen-achieve-million-seller-status-with-their-new-albums/|access-date=December 16, 2020|website=Manila Bulletin|language=en-US|archive-date=April 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418013757/https://mb.com.ph/2020/11/13/nct-blackpink-seventeen-achieve-million-seller-status-with-their-new-albums/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay ahaayeen kooxdii ugu horeysay ee Kuuriyaan ah ee soo gasha oo sare u qaada jaantuska [[Billboard Twitter Real-Time|''Billboard'' Fanaaniinta Soo Baxaya]] iyo inay sare u qaadaan jaantuska ''Billboard'' Iibinta Heesaha Dijitaalka ah ee Adduunka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|first=Xander|last=Zellner|date=June 27, 2018|title=Blackpink Is First All-Female K-Pop Group to Top Emerging Artists Chart|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/8463017/blackpink-no-1-emerging-artists-chart|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=July 8, 2020|language=en|archive-date=August 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200818123635/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/8463017/blackpink-no-1-emerging-artists-chart|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Blackpink waxay sidoo kale ahayd falkii ugu horreeyay ee dumar ah oo Kuuriyaan ah si ay shahaado uga hesho [[Ururka Warshadaha Duubista Ameerika|Ururka Warshadaha Duubista ee Ameerika]] (RIAA) heestooda guusha leh &quot;[[Ddu-Du Ddu-Du]]&quot; (2018), oo muqaalkeeda muusiga uu hadda yahay muqaal-ka ugu daawashada badan koox Koonfur Kuuriya ah ee [[Youtube|YouTube]].&lt;ref&gt;* {{cite magazine|first=Tamar|last=Herman|date=August 3, 2019|title=Blackpink Receive First RIAA Certification for 'Ddu-Du Ddu-Du'|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8528212/blackpink-ddu-du-ddu-du-certified-gold|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=July 9, 2020|language=en|archive-date=November 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104205642/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8528212/blackpink-ddu-du-ddu-du-certified-gold|url-status=live}}
* {{cite web|first=Bryan|last=Rolli|date=January 22, 2019|title=BlackPink's 'Ddu-Du Ddu-Du' Is The Most-Watched Music Video by a Korean Group On YouTube|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/bryanrolli/2019/01/22/blackpinks-ddu-du-ddu-du-is-the-most-watched-music-video-by-a-korean-group-on-youtube/#510c328c6a25|website=[[Forbes]]|access-date=July 9, 2020|language=en|archive-date=November 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234115/https://www.forbes.com/sites/bryanrolli/2019/01/22/blackpinks-ddu-du-ddu-du-is-the-most-watched-music-video-by-a-korean-group-on-youtube/#510c328c6a25|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Heestoodii 2018 ee &quot;[[Kiss and Make-up]]&quot;, oo ay iska kaashadeen [[Dua Lipa]], ayaa ahayd tii ugu horreysay ee koox Kuuriyaan ah si ay shahaado uga helaan [[Warshadaha Codaynta Ingiriiska|Warshadaha Codaynta ee Ingiriiska]] (BPI)&lt;ref&gt;:

* {{cite web|first=Hugh|last=McIntyre|date=March 17, 2020|title=BTS's 'Boy With Luv' Is Just The Fifth Korean Single To Be Certified in the U.K.|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/hughmcintyre/2020/03/17/btss-boy-with-luv-is-just-the-fifth-korean-single-to-be-certified-in-the-uk/#6973121b4d86|access-date=July 9, 2020|website=[[Forbes]]|archive-date=October 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030151245/https://www.forbes.com/sites/hughmcintyre/2020/03/17/btss-boy-with-luv-is-just-the-fifth-korean-single-to-be-certified-in-the-uk/#6973121b4d86|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite web|title=Blackpink Raih Sertifikat Perak dari Industri Fonografi Inggris|url=https://wartakota.tribunnews.com/2019/09/22/blackpink-raih-sertifikat-perak-dari-industri-fonografi-inggris|access-date=July 14, 2020|website=Warta Kota|language=id|archive-date=April 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418013758/https://wartakota.tribunnews.com/2019/09/22/blackpink-raih-sertifikat-perak-dari-industri-fonografi-inggris|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo shahaado platinum ah oo ka timid [[Ururka Warshadaha Duubista Australia|Ururka Warshadaha Duubista ee Australia]] (ARIA).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Blackpink Raih Platinum di Australia untuk Single Kiss and Make Up|url=https://tirto.id/blackpink-raih-platinum-di-australia-untuk-single-kiss-and-make-up-ekph|access-date=July 14, 2020|website=tirto.id|language=id|archive-date=April 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418013758/https://tirto.id/blackpink-raih-platinum-di-australia-untuk-single-kiss-and-make-up-ekph|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Blackpink waxay show ku qabten [[Coachella]] sanadka 2023.

Blackpink waxay jebisay diiwaanno badan oo khadka ah intii ay ku jireen xirfaddooda. Fiidiyowgooda muusigga ee &quot;[[Kill This Love]]&quot; (2019) iyo &quot;[[How You Like That]]&quot; (2020) mid kastaa wuxuu dejiyaa diiwaannada fiidiyaha muusiga ee aadka loo daawado 24-kii saac ee ugu horreeyay ee la sii daayay, iyadoo kan dambe uu jabiyay saddex oo dhigay laba ''[[Guinness World Records]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=June 30, 2020|title=Blackpink's return sets new YouTube records with How You Like That|url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2020/6/blackpinks-return-sets-new-youtube-records-with-how-you-like-that-622453|access-date=September 5, 2020|website=Guinness World Records|language=en|archive-date=July 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200701052130/https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2020/6/blackpinks-return-sets-new-youtube-records-with-how-you-like-that-622453|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Waxay yihiin kooxdii ugu horeysay iyo haweenka Kuuriyaanka ah si ay u yeeshaan shan fiidiyow oo muusig ah waxay ururiyaan hal bilyan oo aragti kasta ee YouTube;&lt;ref&gt;* {{Cite web|title=Blackpink's 'Kill This Love' surpasses 1&amp;nbsp;billion views on YouTube|url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2020/09/02/entertainment/kpop/Blackpink-Kill-This-Love-1-billion/20200902174600339.html|access-date=September 5, 2020|website=Korea JoongAng Daily|language=en|archive-date=November 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107053132/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2020/09/02/entertainment/kpop/Blackpink-Kill-This-Love-1-billion/20200902174600339.html|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/hughmcintyre/2021/11/12/blackpink-collect-a-fifth-billion-view-music-video-with-how-you-like-that/?sh=8e52b6560a54|title=Blackpink Collects A Fifth Billion-View Music Video With 'How You Like That'|last=McIntyre|first=Hugh|date=November 12, 2021|work=[[Forbes]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112233014/https://www.forbes.com/sites/hughmcintyre/2021/11/12/blackpink-collect-a-fifth-billion-view-music-video-with-how-you-like-that/?sh=8e52b6560a54|archive-date=November 12, 2021|url-status=live|access-date=November 12, 2021}}
* {{Cite web|date=April 23, 2021|last=McIntyre|first=Hugh|title=Blackpink's 'As If It's Your Last' Music Video Reaches One Billion Views On YouTube|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/hughmcintyre/2021/04/23/blackpinks-as-if-its-your-last-music-video-reaches-one-billion-views-on-youtube/?sh=6a01d6dd8776|access-date=April 30, 2021|website=Forbes|archive-date=May 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518131530/https://www.forbes.com/sites/hughmcintyre/2021/04/23/blackpinks-as-if-its-your-last-music-video-reaches-one-billion-views-on-youtube/?sh=6a01d6dd8776|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite web|date=October 13, 2020|title=Blackpink's 'Boombayah' reaches 1 billion views on YouTube, group's third MV to achieve feat|url=https://mb.com.ph/2020/10/13/blackpinks-boombayah-reaches-1-billion-views-on-youtube-groups-third-mv-to-achieve-feat/|access-date=October 15, 2020|website=Manila Bulletin|archive-date=November 28, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201128215913/https://mb.com.ph/2020/10/13/blackpinks-boombayah-reaches-1-billion-views-on-youtube-groups-third-mv-to-achieve-feat/%7C|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  fanaanka ugu badan ee laga diiwaan galiyo YouTube;  iyo kooxda hablaha loogu raacdo [[Spotify]], oo leh in ka badan 20  milyan oo raacsan laga bilaabo Maarso 2021.&lt;ref&gt;* {{cite web|author=Ana Monroy Yglesias|date=July 2, 2020|title=&quot;How You Like That:&quot; Blackpink Breaks Multiple Records With Latest Music Video|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/how-you-blackpink-breaks-multiple-records-latest-music-video|access-date=July 6, 2020|website=[[Grammy Awards]]|archive-date=November 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109035846/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/how-you-blackpink-breaks-multiple-records-latest-music-video|url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web|date=September 10, 2021|title=블랙핑크, 저스틴 비버 제쳤다…유튜브 구독자 전 세계 1위 등극|url=https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/now/article/018/0005034300|website=Naver|language=ko|archive-date=September 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910065926/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/now/article/018/0005034300|url-status=live}}
* {{cite web|url=https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20210316007500315|title=BLACKPINK becomes first girl group to hit 20 mln followers on Spotify|date=March 16, 2021|website=Yonhap News Agency|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210316083231/https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20210316007500315|archive-date=March 16, 2021|url-status=live|access-date=August 4, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Abaalmarintooda kale waxaa ka mid ah, [[Abaalmarinta Golden Disc]], [[Abaalmarinta Muusikada Seoul]], [[Abaalmarinta Mnet Muusiga Aasiya oo Kooxda Dhedig ugu Fiican]], Abaalmarintii ugu horreysay ee [[MTV Abaalmarinta Muqaalka Muusikada]] oo ay ku guuleysteen koox gabar Kuuriyaan ah,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://en.tenasia.com/archives/106836|title=BLACKPINK Becomes First Kpop Girl Group to Win MTV VMA...BTS Takes Home 4 Awards|last=Jung|first=You|date=August 31, 2020|work=TenAsia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922074951/http://en.tenasia.com/archives/106836|archive-date=September 22, 2020|url-status=dead|access-date=October 31, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo aqoonsiga kooxdii ugu horeysay ee dumar ah oo Kuuriyaan ah oo ku jira liiska ''[[Forbes]]'' [[Forbes 30 Under 30|30 Under 30 Asia]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Ramirez|first=Elaine|title=BlackPink: The All-Girl K-Pop Group Following BTS's Footsteps And Taking Over The U.S.|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/elaineramirez/2019/04/01/blackpink-the-all-girl-k-pop-group-following-btss-footsteps-and-taking-over-the-u-s/|access-date=July 14, 2020|website=Forbes|language=en|archive-date=November 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234606/https://www.forbes.com/sites/elaineramirez/2019/04/01/blackpink-the-all-girl-k-pop-group-following-btss-footsteps-and-taking-over-the-u-s/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxa ay Forbes Korea u aqoonsatay mid ka mid ah [[Forbes Korea Power Celebrity 40|dadka caanka ah ee ugu awooda badan Koonfur Kuuriya]], iyagoo kaalinta koowaad galay 2019, saddexaad 2020, iyo labaad 2021.&lt;ref&gt;* {{cite web|url=http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/325767|title=포브스코리아 선정 2019 파워 셀러브리티 40|website=[[JoongAng Ilbo]]|access-date=July 6, 2020|date=April 23, 2019|first=Oh|last=Seung-il|archive-date=May 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502123542/http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/325767|url-status=live}}
* {{cite web|url=http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/333966|script-title=ko:[2021 포브스코리아 선정 파워 셀럽 40] BTS·블랙핑크 '선두권' 수성, 임영웅·영탁 '트로트 대세' 등극|last=Oh|first=Seung-il|date=April 27, 2021|work=[[JoongAng Ilbo]]|language=ko|trans-title=[2021 Forbes Korea Selected Power Celeb 40] BTS·Blackpink 'Leading World' Suseong, Lim Young-woong·Young Tak 'Trot Trend'|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428121650/http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/333966|archive-date=April 28, 2021|url-status=live|access-date=April 27, 2021|via=Joins}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Janaayo 2021, Blackpink waxaa u tixgaliyay madaxweynaha Koonfur Kuuriya [[Moon Jae-in]] faafinta waxyaabaha K-pop ee adduunka oo dhan wuxuuna u aqoonsaday inay yihiin dhacdo K-pop caalami ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Gona|first=Mina|date=January 11, 2021|title=문 대통령 &quot;BTS 등 세계인 매료..문화강국 위상 더 다져갈 것&quot;|url=https://star.mt.co.kr/stview.php?no=2021011110210713452|url-status=live|access-date=September 15, 2021|website=Star News|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taariikhda fanka ==

=== 2016–2017 ===
{{Multiple image|direction=vertical|align=right|width=240|image1=20161119 블랙핑크 멜론뮤직어워드 (1).jpg|caption1=Blackpink bisha Nofeembar 29, 2016|image2=블랙핑크(BlackPink) - 마지막처럼 171001 코리아뮤직페스티벌.jpg|caption2=Blackpink bisha Oktoobar 1, 2017}}Blackpink waxay sameysteen kulankoodii ugu horreeyay bishii Ogosto 8, 2016 sameeyay [[YG Entertainment,|YG Entertainment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003347383|title=YG 새 걸그룹, '블랙 핑크' 이름의 뜻은?[YG 새 걸그룹 최종발표③]|access-date=August 12, 2016|date=June 29, 2016|author=Choi Na-young|work=OSEN|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://entertain.naver.com/music/now/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002536916|title=YG新걸그룹은 4인조 '블랙핑크'..최종멤버 이미 밝힌 4인|author=Gil Hye-seong|date=June 29, 2016|work=Star News|accessdate=June 29, 2016|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; waxay soo saareen albumkoodii hal oo ugu horreeyay ''[[Square One]]'', iyo heesaha &quot;[[Boombayah]]&quot; iyo &quot;[[Whistle]]&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201608091630134122942_2|title=YG Entertainment unveils K-pop group BLACKPINK|author=Kim Yu-young|date=August 9, 2016|website=Kpop Herald|access-date=August 12, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/107611/blackpink-sweeping-charts-within-2-days-of-debut-all-kpop-news|title=BLACKPINK Sweeping Charts Within 2 Days of Debut|author=Jeon Su Mi|date=August 10, 2016|website=Mwave|access-date=August 13, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;,

Blackpink waxay soo saartay albumkeedii labaad ee ''[[Square Two]]'' iyo heesaha &quot;[[Playing with Fire]]&quot; iyo &quot;[[Stay]]&quot; bisha Nofeembar 1, 2016,

Guusha ganacsi ee Blackpink shantii bilood ee ugu horreysay waxay ka heshay dhowr abaalmarino rookie ah abaalmarinno muusiko oo ku saabsan dhamaadka sanadka Korea, oo ay ku jiraan [[Asia Artist Awards]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://tvdaily.asiae.co.kr/read.php3?aid=14793008471181924002|title='AAA' 조진웅∙엑소 대상…방탄소년단∙박보검∙윤아 2관왕 [종합]|date=November 16, 2016|website=TV Daily|access-date=January 4, 2018|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Lixaad 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613084540/http://tvdaily.asiae.co.kr/read.php3?aid=14793008471181924002|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Melon Music Awards]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://entertainment.mb.com.ph/2016/11/21/exo-bts-twice-triumph-at-melon-music-awards/|title=EXO, BTS, TWICE triumph at Melon Music Awards|last=Hicap|first=Jonathan|date=November 21, 2016|website=[[Manila Bulletin]]|access-date=January 4, 2019|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403145928/https://entertainment.mb.com.ph/2016/11/21/exo-bts-twice-triumph-at-melon-music-awards/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Golden Disc Awards]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sbs.com.au/popasia/blog/2016/11/25/31st-golden-disk-awards-nominations-are-revealed-0|title=The 31st Golden Disk Awards nominations are revealed|accessdate=December 17, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Seoul Music Awards]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://seoulmusicawards.com|title=ASeoul Music Awards|website=Seoul Music Awards|access-date=December 17, 2016|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214235343/http://www.seoulmusicawards.com/|archivedate=December 14, 2013|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo [[Gaon Chart Music Awards]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://pop.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=201702221804111352245_1|title=[6th 가온차트]&quot;더 없이 공정했다&quot;..엑소 4관왕·블랙핑크 3관왕(종합)|date=February 22, 2017|website=Herald Pop|access-date=January 4, 2018|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171007170233/http://pop.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=201702221804111352245_1|archivedate=October 7, 2017|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Juun 22, 2017 kooxd waxay soo saartay heesta &quot;As If It's Your Last&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2017/06/682_231754.html|title=BLACKPINK reveals digital single before Japanese showcase|work=The Korea Times|date=June 22, 2017|last=Kim|first=Jae-heun}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== [[2018]]–[[2019]] ===
{{Multiple image|direction=vertical|align=left|width=250|image1=180221 Black Pink for Marie Claire Korea Magazine.png|caption1=Blackpink bisha Febraayo 21, 2018|image2=180624 블랙핑크 분당 AK플라자 팬사인회 1.jpg|caption2=Blackpink bisha Juun 24, 2018.}}Juun 15, 2018 kooxdu waxay siidaysay [[Extended play|EP]]-kooriyadeedii ugu horreeyay ''Square Up,'' iyo heesta &quot;Ddu-Du Ddu-Du&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8461197/blackpink-square-up-ep-ddu-du-ddu-du-video|title=BlackPink Release 'Square Up' EP Fronted by Sharp-Shooting 'Ddu-Du Ddu-Du' Music Video|work=Billboard|last=Herman|first=Tamar|accessdate=June 15, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/years-and-years-if-youre-over-me-hits-number-1-on-the-official-trending-chart__23191/|title=Years and Years' If You're Over Me hits Number 1 on the Official Trending Chart|work=[[Official Charts Company|Official Charts UK]]|last=Copsey|first=Rob|accessdate=June 22, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Sebtember [[2018]], Fannaanda Ingiriiska [[Dua Lipa]] ayaa ku dhawaaqay &quot;Kiss and Make Up&quot;, oo kaashanaysa shirkadda Blackpink, heesta ayaa la sii daayay bishii Oktoobar 19, 2018&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.iheart.com/content/2018-09-04-dua-lipa-announces-blackpink-collab-kiss-and-make-up-get-the-details/|title=Dua Lipa Announces Blackink Collab 'Kiss And Make Up': Get The Details|first=Hayden|last=Brooks|date=September 4, 2018|accessdate=October 30, 2018|publisher=[[iHeartMedia]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Blackpink saddexaad [[Extended play|EP]], '' [[Kill This Love]] '', ayaa la sii daayay Abriil 5, [[2019]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20190325000285|title=BLACKPINK to drop new album, &quot;Kill This Love,&quot; next month|last=|first=|date=March 25, 2019|website=[[The Korea Herald]]|access-date=March 25, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2020 ===
Abriil 22, waxaa la xaqiijiyey inay kooxdu ku jiri doonto [[Lady Gaga]] albumkiisa lixaad ee ''[[Chromatica]]'', oo ku taal heesta &quot;[[Sour Candy]]&quot;, oo la sii daayay May 28, 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/9363808/lady-gaga-chromatica-official-track-list|title=Lady Gaga Confirms 'Chromatica' Track List, With Some Star-Studded Guests|last=Daw|first=Stephen|magazine=Billboard|accessdate=April 22, 2020|date=April 22, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/popasia/blog/2020/06/08/blackpink-hit-aria-top-10-lady-gagas-sour-candy|title=BLACKPINK hit ARIA Top 10 with Lady Gaga's &quot;Sour Candy&quot;|publisher=[[SBS PopAsia]]|date=June 8, 2020|accessdate=June 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Meey 18, YG Entertainment wuxuu ku dhawaaqay kooxda inay sii deyn doonto hees bisha Juun, oo ay ku xigto sii deyn dheeri ah inta u dhaxaysa Luulyo iyo Ogosto, si ay u horumariyaan albumkoodii ugu horreeyay ee dherer ah oo ay ku jiraan ugu yaraan 10 hees bishii Sebtember.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=https://star.mt.co.kr/view.html?gnb=news&amp;snb=search&amp;no=2020050410445616469|title=[단독] 블랙핑크, 6월 컴백..YG &quot;정확한 날짜 팬들에게&quot;(종합)|date=May 4, 2020|accessdate=May 4, 2020|language=ko|website=Star News|last=Moon|first=Wan-sik}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://sports.donga.com/article/all/20200518/101093085/1|title=블랙핑크 측 “첫 정규앨범 작업 끝…오는 9월 발표 예정” [공식]|website=Sports Dongha|accessdate=May 18, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ka dib markii la siidaayay albumkii buuxa ee ugu horreeyay ee kooxda, [[Rosé]], [[Lisa]], iyo [[Jisoo]] waxay sii deyn lahaayeen barnaamijyadooda keli ah markii ay diyaar yihiin, iyadoo albumka Rosé uu marka hore sii deyn doono.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mydaily.co.kr/new_yk/html/read.php?newsid=202006010910858499&amp;ext=na|title=[공식입장] YG &quot;블랙핑크, 로제·리사·지수 솔로곡 낸다…9월 정규앨범 이후 순차 발표&quot;|publisher=Mydaily|date=June 1, 2020|accessdate=June 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Juun 10, boodhadh shaashad ku dhawaaqaya heesta, oo markii dambe shaaca laga qaaday oo cinwaan looga dhigay &quot;How You Like That&quot;, ayaa lagu sii daayay dhammaan baraha bulshada ee warbaahinta, oo ay taariikhdu xustay 26-ka Juun.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://sports.hankooki.com/lpage/entv/202006/sp20200610112119136690.htm?s_ref=nv|title=[공식입장] YG &quot;블랙핑크, 로제·리사·지수 솔로곡 낸다…9월 정규앨범 이후 순차 발표&quot;|publisher=Sports Hankooki|date=June 10, 2020|accessdate=June 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.spotvnews.co.kr/?mod=news&amp;act=articleView&amp;idxno=362515|title='컴백 D-10' 블랙핑크, '하우 유 라이크 댓' 타이틀 포스터 공개|publisher=SpotvNews|date=June 16, 2020|accessdate=June 17, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;[[How You Like That]]&quot; oo la sii daayay 26 Juun 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://sports.hankooki.com/lpage/entv/202006/sp20200610112119136690.htm?s_ref=nv|title=[공식입장] YG &quot;블랙핑크, 로제·리사·지수 솔로곡 낸다…9월 정규앨범 이후 순차 발표&quot;|publisher=Sports Hankooki|date=June 10, 2020|accessdate=June 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.spotvnews.co.kr/?mod=news&amp;act=articleView&amp;idxno=362515|title='컴백 D-10' 블랙핑크, '하우 유 라이크 댓' 타이틀 포스터 공개|publisher=SpotvNews|date=June 16, 2020|accessdate=June 17, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;, YG Entertainment waxay shaacisay in hees cusub, &quot;[[Ice Cream]]&quot;, oo ay la socoto fanaanada reer Mareykan [[Selena Gomez]], la sii deyn doono 28-ka Ogosto.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Ent|first=Y. G.|title=BLACKPINK to Release Second New Single on August… Shocking Collaboration Coming Up|url=https://yg-life.com/archives/157367?lang=en|access-date=July 24, 2020|website=YG LIFE|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Hong|first=Seung-han|title=블랙핑크, 두번째 신고 8월 28일 발표[공식]|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=468&amp;aid=0000684961|website=Sports Seoul|date=August 4, 2020|accessdate=August 4, 2020|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;, Bishii Luulyo 28, kooxdu waxay ku dhawaaqday albumkoodii ugu horreeyay, ''[[The Album]]'', waxaa la sii deyn doonaa Oktoobar 2, 2020.&lt;ref name=&quot;pitchfork&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/news/blackpink-announce-new-album/|title=BLACKPINK announce new album|work=Pitchfork|date=July 28, 2020|accessdate=July 28, 2020|author=Minsker, Evan}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Sebtember 8, [[Netflix]] iyo Blackpink ayaa ku dhawaaqay ''BLACKPINK: Light Up The Sky'', filimku wuxuu soo bandhigi doonaa Oktoobar 14 oo ah dukumiinti dhan-marin u ah, oo daboolaya afarta sano tan iyo markii Blackpink ee ugu horreysay 2016 oo leh fiidiyoow fiidiyoow ah laga soo bilaabo tababbarkooda maalmeed si loo eego noloshooda gurigooda. , sheekooyinka daaha gadaashiisa iyo wareysiyo daacad ah oo xubnaha lala yeesho.&lt;ref name=&quot;netflix&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffbenjamin/2020/09/08/blackpink-netflix-documentary-light-up-the-sky-kpop/#6ae991fb60b5|title=BLACKPINK’s Netflix Documentary Marks Streaming Service Diving Into K-Pop Originals|work=Forbes|date=September 8, 2020|accessdate=September 9, 2020|last=Benjamin|first=Jeff}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Saamayn ==
Bishii Janaayo 2019, fiidiyowga muusikada ee &quot;Ddu-Du Ddu-Du&quot; wuxuu noqday fiidiyowga muusikada ee aadka loo daawado ee koox Koonfur Kuuriya &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8494591/blackpink-ddu-du-ddu-du-most-viewed-music-video-kpop-youtube|title=Blackpink's 'Ddu-Du Ddu-Du' Becomes Most-Viewed Music Video From a K-Pop Group on YouTube|date=January 23, 2019|work=Billboard|accessdate=November 13, 2019|first=Tamar|last=Herman}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Nofeembar 2019, fiidiyowgu wuxuu dhaafay hal bilyan oo aragti.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/bryanrolli/2019/11/11/blackpinks-ddu-du-ddu-du-becomes-first-k-pop-group-video-to-earn-1-billion-youtube-views/|title=Blackpink’s ‘Ddu-Du Ddu-Du’ Becomes First K-Pop Group Video To Earn 1 Billion YouTube Views|work=Forbes|date=November 11, 2019|first=Bryan|last=Rolli|accessdate=November 13, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Sebtembar 2019, Blackpink wuxuu noqday kooxda muusikada oo leh tirada ugu badan ee macaamiisha ku leh [[Youtube|YouTube]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/blackpink-are-music-group-with-highest-number-of-youtube-subscribers|title=Blackpink are music group with highest number of YouTube subscribers|date=September 10, 2019|website=The Straits Times|access-date=November 4, 2019|archive-date=Bisha Tobnaad 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027182230/https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/blackpink-are-music-group-with-highest-number-of-youtube-subscribers|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Blackpink waxay ka dhigtay ''[[Majladda Time|Time Magazine]]'' &quot;Time 100 Next&quot;, oo ah liistada 100 fannaane ee soo kordhay, oo ay soo saartay sanadkan Magazine.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://koogle.tv/media/news/blackpink-makes-time-magazines-newly-launched-100-next-list/|title=BLACKPINK makes Time magazine's newly launched '100 Next' list|last=|first=|date=November 14, 2019|work=KoogleTV|access-date=November 14, 2019|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=November 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115014350/http://koogle.tv/media/news/blackpink-makes-time-magazines-newly-launched-100-next-list/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://time.com/collection/time-100-next-2019/5718842/blackpink/|title=TIME 100 Next 2019: Blackpink|website=Time|language=en-us|access-date=November 15, 2019|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109041521/https://time.com/collection/time-100-next-2019/5718842/blackpink/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Nofeembar 22, 2019, Blackpink wuxuu gaadhay 9,604,061 '[[Spotify]]', dhaaftay [[Fifth Harmony]] iyo [[Little mix|Little Mix]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://koogle.tv/media/news/blackpink-is-most-followed-girl-group-on-spotify-surpassing-fifth-harmony-and-little-mix/|title=BlackPink is Most Followed Girl Group on Spotify, Surpassing Fifth Harmony and Little Mix|last=|first=|date=November 22, 2019|work=KoogleTV|access-date=November 25, 2019|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=June 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628212149/http://koogle.tv/media/news/Blackpink-is-most-followed-girl-group-on-spotify-surpassing-fifth-harmony-and-little-mix/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.osen.co.kr/article/G1111264902|title=블랙핑크, 스포티파이서 전세계 걸그룹 팔로워수 1위..피프스 하모니 넘었다[Oh!쎈 레터]|last=|first=|date=November 21, 2019|work=OSEN|access-date=November 25, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Falanqeeyaha ==
Bishii Abriil 2019, Blackpink iyo 40ka doolar ee aad dooratay kan ugu weyn ee loo yaqaan Bridge Bridge ee Masiibooyinka National ee loogu talagalay in lagu xasilo dhibanayaashii dabkii ka dhacay Sokcho ee Koonfur Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://m.kukinews.com/m/m_article.html?no=650112|script-title=ko:[단독] 위너 김진우, 강원도 산불 피해에 1000만원 기부|work=Kuki News|date=April 8, 2019|access-date=April 8, 2019|language=ko|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 8, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408072133/http://m.kukinews.com/m/m_article.html?no=650112|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taageerida ==
 
Kooxda ayaa taageertay kuna duubtay dhowr nooc oo ay ka mid yihiin [[Puma]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://ygex.jp/news_detail.php?id=1060569&amp;artist_cd=BLAPI|website=[[YGEX]]|accessdate=July 7, 2018|title=4/19（木）～グローバル スポーツブランド「PUMA」の新商品「PUMA SUEDE BOW」（プーマ スウェード ボウ）のイメージモデルに決定！|date=April 17, 2018|language=ja|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Sideedaad 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814025817/https://ygex.jp/news_detail.php?id=1060569&amp;artist_cd=BLAPI|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Reebok]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201611071535539995969_2|website=Kpop Herald|accessdate=March 14, 2017|title=Black Pink show off their sneaker game|publisher=Korea Herald}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Louis Vuitton]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.yg-life.com/archives/100248?lang=en|website=YG Life|accessdate=July 7, 2018|title=&quot;TAEYANG· WINNER· BLACKPINK·CL&quot;… Artists From YG Gathers For The 'First Time' [PICTORIAL]|date=March 19, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Adidas]], [[Dior|Dior Cosmetics]],&lt;ref name=&quot;BPDIOR&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://ellegirl.jp/article/b_dior_blackpink_17_0821/1/|title=Black pink first appearance! Get a lip that rocks the heart with the new lip &quot;Rouge Dior Liquid&quot;|publisher=[[Elle Girl|Elle Girl Japan]]|date=August 9, 2017|accessdate=July 11, 2018|language=ja|archive-date=Bisha Lixaad 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210601183059/https://www.ellegirl.jp/egpr/pr-stories/a53284/b-dior-blackpink-17-0821/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Moonshot,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2016/08/09/2016080901407.html|website=Chosun.com|accessdate=March 14, 2017|script-title=ko:블랙핑크, 데뷔하자마자 핫 '광고계 관심'|language=ko|publisher=The Chosun Ilbo}}&lt;/ref&gt; St. Scott London,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.fashionseoul.com/?p=122282|website=Fashion Seoul|accessdate=March 14, 2017|title=세인트스코트, 새 얼굴에 YG신예 '블랙핑크'|language=ko|date=September 7, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[109 (dukaan)|Shibuya 109]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://109news.jp/shibuya/20171222/109187/?detail|title=2018 New Year's 109 BLACKPINK and iKON|website=109 News|publisher=[[109 (department store)|Shibuya 109]]|date=December 22, 2017|accessdate=July 11, 2018|language=ja|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=August 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813134326/https://109news.jp/trend/20171222/109187/news_ownershibuya109?detail|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Tokyo Girls Collection]] x CECIL McBEE,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://109news.jp/fashion/20180331/114420/?detail|website=109 News|publisher=[[109 (department store)|Shibuya 109]]|accessdate=July 11, 2018|title=Serious announcement from the Korean Girls Group BLACKPINK and CECIL McBEE that the world draws attention!|language=ja|date=March 31, 2018|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=November 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101004959/https://109news.jp/?detail|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo [[Sprite]] Korea.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.koreadispatch.com/2018/05/11/seoul-sarah-woo-do-hwan-and-black-pinks-sprite-cf-is-now-out/|website=Korea Dispatch|date=May 11, 2018|accessdate=July 7, 2018|title=Woo Do Hwan and Black Pink's 'SPRITE CF' is now out!|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Todobaad 7, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707231413/https://www.koreadispatch.com/2018/05/11/seoul-sarah-woo-do-hwan-and-black-pinks-sprite-cf-is-now-out/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Discography ==
{{main|Blackpink discography}}

* ''[[Blackpink in Your Area]]'' (2018)
* ''[[The Album]]'' (2020)

== Filmografi ==

* ''[https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackpink_House Blackpink House]'' (2018, [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlive Vlive] / [[YouTube]] / [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/JTBC JTBC]2)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0000807979|script-title=ko:[공식] 블랙핑크 첫 리얼리티 '블핑하우스', 1월6일 첫방…12회 방송|access-date=January 5, 2018|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''[https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/YG_Future_Strategy_Office YG Future Strategy Office]'' (2018, [[Netflix]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.osen.co.kr/article/G1111003175|title='YG전자' 승리가 이끈 YG 셀프디스, B급유머 폭발..박봄·남태현 등장(종합)[Oh!쎈 리뷰]|website=OSEN|language=ko|access-date=October 5, 2018|date=October 5, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Blackpink X Star Road'' (2018, Vlive)
* ''Blackpink Diaries'' (2019, Vlive / YouTube)
* ''24/365 with Blackpink'' (2020, YouTube)&lt;ref name=&quot;a&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://pop.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=202006131006105562067_1|title=블랙핑크, 새 단독 리얼리티 론칭…팬들과 적극 소통한다|website=Herald Pop|language=ko|access-date=June 13, 2020|date=June 13, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Blackpink: Light Up the Sky|''Blackpink: Light Up the Sky'']] (2020, Netflix)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffbenjamin/2020/09/08/blackpink-netflix-documentary-light-up-the-sky-kpop/#6ae991fb60b5 &quot;Blackpink's Netflix Documentary Marks Streaming Service Diving into K-Pop Originals&quot;]. ''Forbes''.&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Blackpink: The Movie|''Blackpink: The Movie'']] (2021)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2021/06/732_310597.html?gonw &quot;'BLACKPINK THE MOVIE' to hit local theaters in August&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;

== xubnaha ==

* [[Jisoo]]
* [[Jennie]]
* [[Rosé]]
* [[Lisa]]&lt;br /&gt;
== Tixraacyada ==
{{reflist}}{{reflist}}
== Xiriirinta dibedda ==

* [http://blackpinkofficial.com/ Blackpink bogga rasmiga ah]
{{Commons category|Blackpink}}

[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Kooxaha gabdhaha Koonfur Kuuriya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lisa</title>
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      <text bytes="36348" sha1="qf2xu17se84qchl51q9rans0tpenuga" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Lisa|image=Blackpink Lisa at Bvulgari Avrora Awards 2022.png|image_upright=1.1|alt=|caption=Lisa ee 2022|native_name=|birth_name=Pranpriya Manoban|alias=|birth_date={{birth date and age|1997|3|27}}|birth_place=[[Gobolka Buriram]], Tayland|occupation=|years_active=2016–hada|module={{Infobox musical artist
| embed                = yes
| website              = &lt;!-- {{URL|example.com}} --&gt;
| genre                = [[K-pop]]
| instrument           = Cod
| label                = YG Entertainment&lt;br&gt;Interscope Records&lt;br&gt;Lloud&lt;br&gt;RCA Records 
| associated_acts      = [[Blackpink]]&lt;br&gt;YG Family
}}|signature=File:Signature of Lisa.svg|module2=}}

'''Lalisa Manoban'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://time.com/5562946/blackpink-k-pop-everything-to-know/ &quot;Everything to Know About K-Pop Group BLACKPINK&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://time.com/5562946/blackpink-k-pop-everything-to-know/ |date=20190604145305 }}. [[Majladda Time|''Time'']].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/news-trends/article/3003466/4-reasons-why-we-love-lisa-k-pop-girl-group-blackpinks &quot;4 reasons why we love Lisa, BLACKPINK's youngest member&quot;]. ''South China Morning Post''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://mnews.joins.com/article/22677888?IgnoreUserAgent=y#home &quot;BLACKPINK LISA Deceiving Other Members with Her Real Name???&quot;]. ''mnews.joins.com''.&lt;/ref&gt; (Tayland: ลลิษา มโนบาล; dhashay '''Pranpriya Manoban''', ปราณปรียา มโนบาล; Maarso 27, 1997), oo sifiican loogu yaqaan magaca '''Lisa''', waa heesaa reer Tayland ah oo deggan Koonfur Kuuriya. Waxay xubin ka tahay kooxda kooxda [[Blackpink]] ee hoos timaadda [[YG Entertainment]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ygfamily.com/artist/main.asp?LANGDIV=K&amp;ATYPE=2&amp;ARTIDX=70 &quot;BLACKPINK&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ygfamily.com/artist/main.asp?LANGDIV=K&amp;ATYPE=2&amp;ARTIDX=70 |date=20170625113028 }}. ''YG Family''.&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2024, Lisa waxay aasaastay shirkad maamulkeeda oo magaceedu yahay Lloud, oo ay la saxeexatay shirkad RCA Records, waxayna ku guulaysatay lambarkeedii koowaad ee hal-abuurka Billboard Global Excl. US oo leh &quot;[[Rockstar (hees)|Rockstar]]&quot;, hogaamiyaha kalida albamka istuudiyaha ugu horreeya ee ''[[Alter Ego (album)|Alter Ego]]'' (2025). 

== Nolosha iyo xirfadda ==

=== Nolosha hore iyo bilowga xirfadda ===
Dhashay sida Pranpriya Manoban ee Maarso 27, 1997&lt;ref name=&quot;li_03272019&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/news-trends/article/3003466/4-reasons-why-we-love-lisa-k-pop-girl-group-blackpinks|first=Caspar|last=Li|title=4 reasons why we love Lisa, BLACKPINK's youngest member|date=March 27, 2019|work=South China Morning Post|access-date=May 21, 2019|archive-date=January 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200106054720/https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/news-trends/article/3003466/4-reasons-why-we-love-lisa-k-pop-girl-group-blackpinks|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ee [[Gobolka Buriram]], Tayland,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Thaitrakulpanich|first1=Asaree|title=Black Pink to Light Bangkok on Fire This Summer|url=http://www.khaosodenglish.com/life/entertainment/2019/05/02/black-pink-to-light-bangkok-on-fire-this-summer/|access-date=May 21, 2019|work=Khaosod English|date=May 2, 2019|archive-date=May 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513151215/http://www.khaosodenglish.com/life/entertainment/2019/05/02/black-pink-to-light-bangkok-on-fire-this-summer/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxay markii dambe si sharci ah magaceedii ugu beddeshay Lalisa, taasoo la micno ah ammaan, iyadoo ku talinaysa faaliye si uu u keeno barwaaqo.&lt;ref name=&quot;scmp&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.scmp.com/culture/music/article/2157040/lisa-blackpink-thailand-raised-k-pop-singer-who-groups-main-dancer|website=[[South China Morning Post]]|title=Lisa from Blackpink – Thailand-raised K-pop singer who is the group's main dancer and speaks four languages|access-date=May 18, 2019|archive-date=May 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503170024/https://www.scmp.com/culture/music/article/2157040/lisa-blackpink-thailand-raised-k-pop-singer-who-groups-main-dancer|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyada oo ah ilmo keli ah, waxaa soo korisay hooyadeed Taylend ah iyo aabbe-hooyo reer Iswisarland.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bangkokbiznews.com/news/detail/823866|title=เปิดชีวิต! 'ลิซ่า BlackPink' ล่าฝันสู่ซุปเปอร์สตาร์|date=January 11, 2019|website=Bangkokbiznews|language=th|access-date=September 29, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929122411/https://www.bangkokbiznews.com/news/detail/823866|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Lisa hooyadeed waxaa lagu magacaabaa Chitthip Brüschweiler. Aabbeheed-hooyo waa Marco Brüschweiler, oo ah cunto-yaqaan caan ah, oo hadda ka shaqeeya Tayland. Lisa waxay ku dhammaysatay waxbarashada dugsiga sare Praphamontree School I iyo II.&lt;ref name=&quot;sng&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://theindependent.sg/lisa-of-blackpink-donates-to-help-flood-victims-in-thailand/|title=Lisa of BLACKPINK donates to help flood victims in Thailand|website=[[The Independent|The Independent Singapore]]|language=en|access-date=January 31, 2021|date=September 22, 2019|archive-date=November 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109064037/https://theindependent.sg/lisa-of-blackpink-donates-to-help-flood-victims-in-thailand/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ka dib markii ay biloowday fasallada qoob -ka -ciyaarka iyada oo afar jir ah, waxay si joogto ah ugu tartamaysay tartannada qoob -ka -ciyaarka inta ay carruurnimadeeda ahayd oo dhan, oo ay kujirto &quot;To No Number One&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.hallyukstar.com/2016/06/08/lisa-yg-new-girlgroup-stories/|title='LISA' YG New Girl Group : ลลิษา มโนบาล กับเรื่องราวที่เล่าโดยพี่สาวถ|website=hallyukstar|language=th|access-date=June 8, 2016|date=July 4, 2019|archive-date=June 8, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160608144855/http://www.hallyukstar.com/2016/06/08/lisa-yg-new-girlgroup-stories/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxayna ku biireen kow iyo toban xubnood oo ka tirsan qoob ka ciyaarka We Zaa Cool oo ay weheliyaan BamBam ee Got7. Ee 2009, kooxdu waxay gashay tartanka ''LG Entertainment Million Dream Sanan World'' oo laga sii daayay Channel 9 waxayna ku guuleysteen Abaalmarinta &quot;Kooxda Gaarka ah&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://en.yibada.com/articles/151438/20160814/blackpink-lisa-manoban-and-got7-bambam-childhood-friends.htm|first=Katreena|last=Gadong|website=YIBADA|title=BLACKPINK Lisa Manoban and Got7 Bambam childhood friends?|date=August 14, 2016|access-date=November 2, 2016|archive-date=November 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161103205951/http://en.yibada.com/articles/151438/20160814/blackpink-lisa-manoban-and-got7-bambam-childhood-friends.htm|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lisa waxay sidoo kale ka qaybgashay tartan heeso iyada oo wakiil ka ah iskuulka &quot;Top 3 Morals of Thailand&quot;, oo ay martigelisay Xarunta Dhiirrigelinta Akhlaaqda horraantii 2009, halkaas oo ay ku dhammaysay kaalinta labaad.&lt;ref name=&quot;sng&quot; /&gt;

Sannadkii 2010, Lisa oo 13 jir ah ayaa tijaabisay inay ku biirto sumadda diiwaanka Kuuriyada Koonfureed ee [[YG Entertainment]] ee Tayland. Laga soo bilaabo da 'yar, Lisa waxay xiisaynaysay warshadaha K-Pop, oo ah fannaaniinta fanka Big Bang iyo 2NE1, waxayna rajaynaysay inay mar uun raacdo waddo la mid ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://moneys.mt.co.kr/news/mwView.php?no=2020041715278063351|title='블랙핑크' 리사 국적은 어디?|trans-title=What is Blackpink Lisa's Nationality?|date=April 17, 2020|access-date=April 29, 2021|language=ko|author=Kim Yu-rim|work=MoneyS|archive-date=June 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613144902/https://moneys.mt.co.kr/news/mwView.php?no=2020041715278063351|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://stylecaster.com/how-blackpink-members-discovered/#slide-2|title=BLACKPINK's 4 Members Were Discovered in Completely Different Ways|date=January 1, 2020|website=Stylecaster|author=Jason Pham|access-date=January 30, 2021|archive-date=January 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127072500/https://stylecaster.com/how-blackpink-members-discovered/#slide-2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite episode|title=Danny Im (1TYM) - Ep. 39|series=Fun With Dumb|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kfNTlUBmRo&amp;ab_channel=FunWithDumb|date=May 22, 2019|access-date=January 31, 2021|archive-date=February 7, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207081259/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kfNTlUBmRo&amp;ab_channel=FunWithDumb|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2011, Lisa waxay u guurtay Kuuriyada Koonfureed si ay u bilowdo tababarkeeda rasmiga ah oo ah tababar, kaas oo socday shan sano.  Waxay si rasmi ah ugu biirtay sumadda inay tahay tababbarihii ugu horreeyay ee aan Kuuriyaan ahayn Abriil 11, 2011.&lt;ref name=&quot;D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://praew.com/beauty/177960.html|title=มากกว่าสวยคือความทุ่มเท &quot;ลิซ่า BLACKPINK&quot; มีวันนี้ได้เพราะความสามารถ|date=July 4, 2019|website=Praew|language=th|access-date=June 14, 2018|archive-date=April 17, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417170840/https://praew.com/beauty/177960.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Nofembar 2013, waxay ka soo muuqatay fiidiyowga muusigga Taeyang ee heesta &quot;Ringa Linga, halkaas oo ay ka mid ahayd qoob-ka-ciyaarka asalka ah, oo ay weheliyaan xubno ka tirsan iKon iyo Winner.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://praew.com/beauty/177960.html|title=8 songs BLACKPINK members appeared in before debut|date=August 8, 2018|website=SBS|language=en|access-date=January 30, 2021|archive-date=October 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002055720/https://praew.com/beauty/177960.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Marso 2015, Lisa waxay qabatay shaqadeedii ugu horreysay oo ah moodel loogu talagalay astaanta dharka lagu xidho ee [[Nona9on]], iyada oo la raacayo astaanta qurxinta ee Koonfur Kuuriya [[Moonshot]] sanadkii 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://news.donga.com/3/07/20160811/79708918/4|title=[블랙핑크 VS 투애니원③] 블랙핑크는 누구?|date=August 12, 2016|website=Donga News|access-date=June 4, 2019|archive-date=June 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143900/http://news.donga.com/3/07/20160811/79708918/4|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2016–hada: Ku soo biir Blackpink iyo howlo kaligeed ah ===
{{Main|Blackpink}}
[[File:Black Pink's Lisa - MMA 2016 - 3.jpg|left|thumb|Lisa ee 2016]]
Bishii Ogosto 2016, Lisa waxay ka doodday inay tahay mid ka mid ah afar xubnood oo ka tirsan kooxda gabdhaha Koonfur Kuuriya ee [[Blackpink]], iyo sidoo kale qofkii ugu horreeyay ee aan Kuuriyaan ahayn ee u horreeya wakaaladda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201608091630134122942_2|title=YG Entertainment unveils K-pop group BLACKPINK|author=Kim Yu-young|date=August 9, 2016|website=Kpop Herald|access-date=May 20, 2017|archive-date=October 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006060631/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201608091630134122942_2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;scmp&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.osen.co.kr/article/G1110475781|title=[뮤직톡톡] 마성의 '휘파람'…블랙핑크, 전 음원차트 1위 탈환|date=August 14, 2016|website=Osen|access-date=July 4, 2019|archive-date=July 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704113136/http://www.osen.co.kr/article/G1110475781|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lisa waxaa lagu tuuray barnaamijka kala-duwanaanshaha millatariga ee [[Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation|MBC]] ''Real Man 300'' iyada oo xubin joogto ah ka ah bandhigga iyada oo qayb ka ah daabacaadda Akadeemiyadda Ciidanka Kuuriya laga bilaabo Sebtember 21, 2018.  Bandhiggu wuxuu calaamadeeyay doorkeedii ugu horreeyay ee joogto ah ee barnaamij telefishan tan iyo markii ugu horreysay.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20180928107900005?input=1195m|title=[시청자가 찜한 TV] 돌아온 '진사'·'알쓸신잡' 역시 화제|date=September 28, 2018|website=Yonhap News|language=ko|access-date=August 1, 2019|archive-date=June 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606055208/https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20180928107900005?input=1195m|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Muuqaalkeedu wuxuu ku mutaystay abaalmarin aan rasmi ahayn oo cinwaan looga dhigay &quot;Jilaaga Sanadka&quot; iyada oo loo marayo Abaalmarinta MBC Entertainment 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=17440121&amp;memberNo=16220685|title=[2018 MBC 방송연예대상] 연구원이 뽑아본 올해의 캐릭터!|date=December 27, 2018|website=Naver|language=ko|access-date=August 1, 2019|archive-date=June 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606055208/https://post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=17440121&amp;memberNo=16220685|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Nofeembar 5, 2018, waxay daaha ka rogtay kanaalkeeda YouTube, Lilifilm Official, oo diiradda saareysa safarka iyo qaab nololeedka oo ay weheliyaan bandhigyada qoob ka ciyaarka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.insight.co.kr/news/189170|title='유튜버'로 깜짝 변신한 블랙핑크 리사가 올린 첫번째 영상|date=November 6, 2018|website=Insight|language=ko|access-date=July 5, 2019|archive-date=July 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705081034/https://www.insight.co.kr/news/189170|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8544483/lisa-blackpink-dances-danileigh-g-eazy-cravin-video|title=Watch Blackpink's Lisa Dance it Out to DaniLeigh and G-Eazy's 'Cravin'|last1=Rowley|first1=Glenn|date=November 21, 2019|website=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=June 26, 2021|archive-date=June 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627025535/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8544483/lisa-blackpink-dances-danileigh-g-eazy-cravin-video|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://news.sbs.co.kr/news/endPage.do?news_id=N1005336864|title=[SBS Star] BLACKPINK LISA Receives the 'Gold Play Button' with Only 4 Videos|date=July 2, 2019|website=SBS News|language=en|access-date=July 5, 2019|archive-date=June 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606132736/https://news.sbs.co.kr/news/endPage.do?news_id=N1005336864|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Bishii Maarj 2020, Lisa waxay u adeegtay sidii la -taliye qoob-ka-ciyaarka dhammaan barnaamijka badbaadada kooxda gabdhaha Shiinaha ee [[iQIYI]] ''Youth With You 2''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1111241466|title=블랙핑크 리사, 中판 프듀 '청춘유니' 시즌2 새 멘토 출연 확정 [Oh! 차이나]|date=October 15, 2019|website=Osen|language=ko|access-date=October 15, 2019|archive-date=October 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015062156/http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1111241466|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Febraayo 2021, waxay ku soo noqotay lataliyaha qoob -ka -ciyaarka ee show badbaadinta kooxda wiilasha Shiinaha ''Youth With You 3.''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2021-01-08|title=블랙핑크 리사, 中 오디션 프로그램 '청춘유니3' 멘토 확정|url=https://www.donga.com/news/Entertainment/article/all/20210108/104825695/1|access-date=2021-01-27|website=DongA|language=kr|archive-date=February 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204193554/https://www.donga.com/news/Entertainment/article/all/20210108/104825695/1|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

19 -kii Abriil, 2021 sarkaal ka tirsan YG Entertainment ayaa u sheegay warbaahintii ''[[The Korea Herald]]'' in Lisa ay markii ugu horreysay ka soo muuqan doonto kali saddexaad ee kooxdeeda iyadoo jadwallo dambe si rasmi ah loogu dhawaaqi doono ogeysiis.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20210419001026&amp;np=1&amp;mp=1|title=[Exclusive] Blackpink Lisa's solo debut expected in June|date=April 19, 2021|website=The Korea Herald|language=en|access-date=April 28, 2021|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428114218/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20210419001026&amp;np=1&amp;mp=1|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Luulyo 12, iyada oo loo sii marayo ''Star News'', sumadeeda ayaa muujisay duubista fiidiyowgeeda muusigga oo socda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://star.mt.co.kr/stview.php?no=2021071213004437355|title=블랙핑크 리사, 솔로 앨범 발매 &quot;뮤직비디오 촬영 준비&quot;[공식]|date=July 12, 2021|website=Star News|language=ko|access-date=July 12, 2021|archive-date=July 12, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712060320/https://star.mt.co.kr/stview.php?no=2021071213004437355|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Albamka ugu horreeya ee Lisa, ''[[Lalisa]]'', iyo [[Lalisa (hees)|heesta isla magaca leh]] ayaa la sii daayay Sebteembar 10, 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=블랙핑크 리사, 다음달 솔로 데뷔 확정&amp;nbsp;...&amp;nbsp;싱글앨범 'LALISA(라리사)' 발매|trans-title=BLACKPINK's Lisa to make her solo debut next month&amp;nbsp;...&amp;nbsp;Single album 'LALISA' released|url=http://www.topstarnews.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=14624467|website=Top Star News|language=ko|author=Kim Hyun-seo|date=August 25, 2021|access-date=August 25, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/blackpinks-lisa-to-release-solo-album-next-month|title=Blackpink's Lisa to release solo album next month|date=August 27, 2021|access-date=August 27, 2021|website=The Straits Times (Singapore)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ganacsiyo kale ==

=== Taageerada ===
[[File:180819_블랙핑크_팬싸인회_코엑스_라이브프라자_리사.jpg|thumb|Lisa ee 2018]]
Shaqadeeda [[Moodel (qof)|moodel]] ahaan summada qurxinta Koonfur Kuuriya [[YG Entertainment|Moonshot]], waxay noqotay safiirkooda sumadda ee Shiinaha Maarso 21, 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.topstarnews.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=380224|title=블랙핑크(BLACKPINK) 리사, 문샷 모델로 중국 대륙 홀린다…글로벌 K뷰티 부활 신호탄|website=Topstarnews|language=ko|access-date=July 30, 2019|date=March 21, 2018|archive-date=June 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606055212/http://www.topstarnews.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=380224|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Luulyo 25, 2019, Lisa waxay noqotay danjiraha astaanta u ah iyo soojeediyaha gaarka ah ee ururinta cusub ee laga bilaabay Tayland halkaas oo lix ka mid ah alaabooyinka ay ku jiraan saxeexa Manoban oo qayb ka ah baakadaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.harpersbazaar.co.th/BEAUTY/NEWS/lisa-blackpink-moonshot-brandambassador|title=สิ้นสุดการรอคอย ! Moonshot เผยแคมเปญโฆษณาสุดเปรี้ยว LISA'S PICK SPECIAL EDITION บลิ้งค์ทุกคนรอลุ้น meet &amp; greet กับเธอได้เลย !|website=Harpersbazaar|language=th|access-date=July 30, 2019|date=July 26, 2019|archive-date=July 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730111147/https://www.harpersbazaar.co.th/BEAUTY/NEWS/lisa-blackpink-moonshot-brandambassador|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Markay ahayd Maarso 28, 2019, Lisa waxay saxiixday heshiiskeedii ugu horreeyay ee ay ku taageerto [[Advanced Info Service|AIS Thailand]], oo ah hawl wadeenka taleefanka gacanta ee ugu weyn Tayland. Lisa waxay noqotay soo-bandhigaha summadaha lacagta ugu badan ee AIS. Intaa waxaa dheer, ololaheeda xayeysiinta ayaa noqday ganacsiga ugu sarreeya ee Tayland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://positioningmag.com/1221970|title=AIS คว้า &quot;ลิซ่า BlackPink&quot; พรีเซ็นเตอร์คนล่าสุด หวังกวาดตลาดสาวก Blinks ทั่วไทย|website=positioningmag.com|language=th|access-date=May 21, 2019|date=March 28, 2019|archive-date=March 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330073955/https://positioningmag.com/1221970|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maajo 11, 2019, Lisa waxay noqotay soo-bandhigaha astaanta u ah [[Samsung Galaxy S10]] gudaha Tayland. Waxyaabaheeda xayaysiis ee ugu horreeyay ee astaanta ayaa la sii daayay Maajo 14-keedii.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://positioningmag.com/1229304|title=Samsung คว้า &quot;ลิซ่า BlackPink&quot; เป็นพรีเซนเตอร์ Galaxy S10 ไทย หวังสู้ศึกแบรนด์จีน|website=positioningmag.com|language=th|access-date=May 21, 2019|date=May 11, 2019|archive-date=May 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526122735/https://positioningmag.com/1229304|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.kstreetmanila.com/2019/07/blackpinks-lisa-to-star-in-ragnarok-m/|title=BLACKPINK's Lisa to star in Ragnarok M|date=July 20, 2019|website=Kstreet Manila|language=en|access-date=July 31, 2019|archive-date=July 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729050124/http://www.kstreetmanila.com/2019/07/blackpinks-lisa-to-star-in-ragnarok-m/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Janaayo 2020, Lisa waxay ku biirtay xubinta ku suntan [[Winner]] [[Mino]] iyada oo ah moodel taageero ah oo loogu talagalay nooca dharka isboortiga ee [[Adidas]] SS20.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://pop.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=202001270746204894499_1|title=위너 송민호X블랙핑크 리사, 감각적인 트렌디 케미..커플 촬영도 완벽[화보]|date=January 27, 2020|website=Heraldpop|language=ko|access-date=January 31, 2020|archive-date=June 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606132731/http://pop.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=202001270746204894499_1|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Caannimada Lisa cusub ee Shiinaha iyada oo loo marayo muuqaalkeeda [[iQIYI]] ''[[Youth With You 2]]'', waxaa shaaca laga qaaday inay tahay afhayeenka astaanta cusub ee Shiinaha ee shirkadda [[Downy|D&amp;G Downy]] Maajo 13.&lt;ref name=&quot;a&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20200513050800005?input=1195m|title=지드래곤 이어 블랙핑크 리사도 中브랜드 모델 기용|date=May 13, 2020|website=YNA|language=ko|access-date=May 20, 2020|archive-date=June 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606132730/https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20200513050800005?input=1195m|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isla markiiba waxay sii waday inay noqoto afhayeenka astaanta cusub ee mid ka mid ah shirkadaha ugu waaweyn Shiinaha, [[Mengniu Dairy]] Zhengouli.&lt;ref name=&quot;a&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://chuansongme.com/n/3177666352832|title=舞蹈、身材屡屡出圈，歌谣、时尚界宠儿，这次她的影响力拓展到…了？|date=June 27, 2020|website=chuansongme|access-date=June 28, 2020|archive-date=June 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629064136/https://chuansongme.com/n/3177666352832|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Oktoobar 2020, [[MAC Cosmetics|MAC]] waxay u magacawday Lisa inay noqoto safiirkooda summada adduunka cusub.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2020/10/10101687/blackpink-lisa-mac-global-ambassador-interview|title=Blackpink's Lisa Stars In MAC's Holiday Makeup Campaign|date=November 2, 2020|website=Refinery29|access-date=January 29, 2021|archive-date=February 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208160815/https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2020/10/10101687/blackpink-lisa-mac-global-ambassador-interview|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://vogue.sg/first-look-blackpink-lisa-manoban-mac-cosmetics-new-global-brand-ambassador/|title=First look: Blackpink's Lisa Manoban is MAC Cosmetics' new global brand ambassador|date=October 19, 2020|website=Vogue|access-date=January 29, 2021|archive-date=February 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203041001/https://vogue.sg/first-look-blackpink-lisa-manoban-mac-cosmetics-new-global-brand-ambassador/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.maccosmetics.co.uk/favourites/lisa-blackpink|title=FOR THE LOVE OF LISA!|date=October 19, 2020|website=MAC Cosmetics|access-date=January 29, 2021|archive-date=October 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019115330/https://www.maccosmetics.co.uk/favourites/lisa-blackpink|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Febraayo 22, 2021, Lisa waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inay tahay taageeraha [[taleefanka casriga]] ee [[Vivo|Vivo S9]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/297437/20210222/blackpink-lisa-official-vivo-s9-endorser-idols-youtube-channel-projected.htm|title=BLACKPINK Lisa is the Official Vivo S9 Endorser + Idol's YouTube Channel Projected to Surpass 6 Million Subscribers Soon|last=Vaughn|first=Nica|website=KpopStarz|language=En|date=February 22, 2021|access-date=February 25, 2019|archive-date=February 22, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210222100829/https://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/297437/20210222/blackpink-lisa-official-vivo-s9-endorser-idols-youtube-channel-projected.htm|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Moodo iyo sawir qaade ===
[[File:Blackpink_Lisa_190621_2.png|thumb|Lisa oo joogta [[Madaarka Caalamiga ah ee Incheon|madaarka Incheon]] Juun 2019]]
Bishii Janaayo 2019, Lisa waxay noqotay madxafka Hedi Slimane, agaasimaha fanka, hal-abuurka iyo sawirka ee [[Celine]], oo ah astaanta raaxada ee Faransiiska.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Aref Omar|title=BlackPink's Lisa is Muse for Hedi Slimane's Céline campaign!|url=https://www.nst.com.my/lifestyle/groove/2019/01/451957/showbiz-blackpinks-lisa-muse-hedi-slimanes-c%C3%A9line-campaign|website=nst.com.my|access-date=May 18, 2019|date=January 18, 2019|archive-date=May 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518192642/https://www.nst.com.my/lifestyle/groove/2019/01/451957/showbiz-blackpinks-lisa-muse-hedi-slimanes-c%25C3%25A9line-campaign|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Sebtembar 2020, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inay tahay safiirrooda caalamiga ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://cnalifestyle.channelnewsasia.com/trending/k-pop-star-lisa-blackpink-global-ambassador-celine-13133142|title=K-pop star Lisa of Blackpink named global ambassador for fashion brand Celine|website=CNA Lifestyle|date=September 22, 2020|access-date=January 30, 2021|archive-date=October 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004152251/https://cnalifestyle.channelnewsasia.com/trending/k-pop-star-lisa-blackpink-global-ambassador-celine-13133142|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Isla sanadkaas, bishii Noofambar, [[Penshoppe]] waxay daaha ka qaaday in Lisa ay ku biirtay qoyska Penshoppe sida safiirrooda cusub.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://preen.ph/102310/blackpink-lisa-ambassador-local-brand|title=BLACKPINK's Lisa is now an ambassador of this local brand|website=preen.ph|date=November 6, 2019|access-date=December 7, 2019|archive-date=June 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615113559/https://preen.ph/102310/blackpink-lisa-ambassador-local-brand|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Intaa waxaa dheer, Luulyo 24, 2020, Lisa waxaa si rasmi ah loogu xushay inay noqoto safiirrda summadaha cusub ee matalaysa [[Bulgari]], oo ah sumad Talyaani.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://star.mk.co.kr/new/view.php?mc=ST&amp;year=2020&amp;no=757478|title=블랙핑크 리사, 불가리 브랜드 앰버서더 발탁|date=July 24, 2020|website=Star MK|language=ko|access-date=July 24, 2020|archive-date=January 14, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114134026/https://www.mk.co.kr/star/hot-issues/view/2020/07/757478/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Iyada oo loo marayo YG Entertainment, Lisa waxay sii daysay buug sawireed xaddidan oo cinwaankeedu yahay &quot;0327&quot; oo ka kooban sawirro is-qaadis ah iyada oo loo marayo kamarad filim. Buugga sawirka waxa la sii daayay dhalashadeeda ee 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1111330116|title=블랙핑크 리사, 오늘(27일) 생일 맞이 한정판 포토북 출시..온라인 이미 매진|date=March 27, 2020|website=Osen|language=ko|access-date=May 21, 2020|archive-date=June 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613230010/http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1111330116|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mugga labaad waxa la sii daayay sanadka xiga Maarso 27, 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.harpersbazaar.com/tw/celebrity/celebritynews/g35860203/blackpink-lisa-2nd-edition-photobook/|title=Blackpink最美攝影師Lisa再推攝影集！沒搶到《0327》的Blink這次必須預購！|last=Lee|first=Eachen|date=March 17, 2021|website=harpersbazaar.com.tw|language=zh-tw|access-date=March 17, 2021|archive-date=June 12, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210612035548/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/tw/celebrity/celebritynews/g35860203/blackpink-lisa-2nd-edition-photobook/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Saamaynta ==
[[File:Lisa from Blackpink PUBG 210321 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Lisa ee 2021]]
Lisa waxaa inta badan lagu tilmaamaa inay saameyn ku leedahay shaqsiyaadka kale ee ka shaqeeya isla goobta fannaaniinta gudaha warshadaha muusiga ee Koonfur Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/news-trends/article/3003466/4-reasons-why-we-love-lisa-k-pop-girl-group-blackpinks &quot;4 reasons why we love Lisa, K-pop girl group BLACKPINK's youngest member&quot;]. &lt;/ref&gt; Wareysiyo, xubin kooxeedkii hore ee [[Nature]], Gaga iyo xubinta kooxda gabdhaha [[Hot Issue]], Mayna ayaa shaaca ka qaaday Lisa inay tahay kudayashadooda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mydaily.co.kr/new_yk/html/read.php?newsid=201808131453856931&amp;ext=na|title=&quot;트와이스→현아&quot; 네이처가 꼽은 8인 롤모델 [MD인터뷰②]|author=Myeong Hee-suk|date=August 13, 2018|website=MyDaily|language=ko|access-date=June 13, 2020|archive-date=June 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613114536/http://www.mydaily.co.kr/new_yk/html/read.php?newsid=201808131453856931&amp;ext=na|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://sports.khan.co.kr/entertainment/sk_index.html?art_id=202104281511003&amp;sec_id=540301&amp;pt=nv|title=핫이슈 &quot;하니·씨엘·블랙핑크·아이유·제시 롤모델&quot;|trans-title=Trending &quot;CL, Blackpink, IU, suggested as role models.&quot;|date=April 28, 2021|access-date=April 28, 2021|language=ko|author=Kim Won-hee|work=Sports Khan|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428114218/http://sports.khan.co.kr/entertainment/sk_index.html?art_id=202104281511003&amp;sec_id=540301&amp;pt=nv|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Abriil 2019, waxay noqotay [[K-pop idol|idol]]-ka K-pop ee loogu raac badan yahay Instagram-ka, iyadoo xilligaasi lahayd 17.4 milyan oo raacsan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Pakkee Tan|title=BLACKPINK's Lisa is Now Officially the Most Followed K-Pop Idol on Instagram|url=https://www.eonline.com/ap/news/1032645/blackpink-s-lisa-is-now-officially-the-most-followed-k-pop-idol-on-instagram|website=E! News|access-date=May 18, 2019|date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=September 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190915042109/https://www.eonline.com/ap/news/1032645/blackpink-s-lisa-is-now-officially-the-most-followed-k-pop-idol-on-instagram|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laga bilaabo Abriil 2021, waxay noqotay idolkii ugu horreeyay oo kaliya ee K-pop ah ee urursada 50 milyan oo raacsan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Kevin Miller|title=Lalisa Manoban Is The First K-pop Idol To Reach 50 Million Followers On Instagram|url=https://www.jazminemedia.com/2021/04/blackpink-lisa-is-the-first-kpop-idol-to-reach-50-million-followers-on-instagram/|access-date=April 10, 2021|date=April 10, 2021|archive-date=April 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410141745/https://www.jazminemedia.com/2021/04/blackpink-lisa-is-the-first-kpop-idol-to-reach-50-million-followers-on-instagram/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.eonline.com/ap/news/1034816/lisa-looks-gorgeous-on-her-first-solo-magazine-cover|title=Lisa Looks Gorgeous on Her First Solo Magazine Cover in Thailand|author=Pakkee Tan|date=April 22, 2019|website=E! News|language=en|access-date=August 1, 2019|archive-date=August 1, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801014523/https://www.eonline.com/ap/news/1034816/lisa-looks-gorgeous-on-her-first-solo-magazine-cover|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://dudeplace.co/2019/05/05/blackpinks-lisa-graces-front-cover-harpers-bazaar-thailand/|title=ยอดจองซื้อ Harper's BAZAAR ฉบับปก ลิซ่า BlackPink ทุบสถิติใหม่ พิมพ์ 120,000 เล่มก็ยังไม่พอ|author=Kong Dudeplace|date=May 5, 2019|website=Dudeplace|language=th|access-date=August 1, 2019|archive-date=August 1, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801014524/https://dudeplace.co/2019/05/05/blackpinks-lisa-graces-front-cover-harpers-bazaar-thailand/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Following Lisa's attendance at the [[Celine (brand)|Celine]] Fashion Show for Men's Spring Summer 2020 collection in [[Paris]], France, during [[Paris Fashion Week]], Lyst reported that global searches for Celine's Triomphe bag leapt 66% on June 28, 2019, after she published an image of the style on her social media, in result garnering the attention of many among the general public.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/are-k-pop-stars-the-worlds-biggest-influencers-11563204671|title=Are K-Pop Stars the World's Biggest 'Influencers'?|date=July 15, 2019|website=The Wall Street Journal|language=en|access-date=July 31, 2019|archive-date=May 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521111154/https://www.wsj.com/articles/are-k-pop-stars-the-worlds-biggest-influencers-11563204671|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Marka loo eego &quot;2021 Sahanka Mawjada Kuuriya ee Dibadda&quot; oo ay samaysay Wasaaradda Dhaqanka, Isboortiga iyo Dalxiiska iyo Aasaaska Kuuriya ee Isweydaarsiga Dhaqanka Caalamiga, Lisa waxaa lagu liis gareyay mid ka mid ah labaatan &quot;Fannaaniinta Kuuriya ee ugu caansan Dibadda&quot; oo ay weheliyaan fannaaniinta Koonfur Kuuriya [[G-Dragon]] , [[IU]], [[Psy]], [[Blackpink]] iyo qaar kaloo badan. Sahanku wuxuu ururiyay xog 18 waddan oo adduunka oo dhan ah. 8,500 oo rag iyo dumar ah oo da'doodu u dhaxayso 15 ilaa 59 jir ayaa ka qaybqaatay sahanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.mcst.go.kr/kor/s_policy/dept/deptView.jsp?pDataCD=0417000000&amp;pSeq=1448|title=2021 해외한류실태조사|date=January 28, 2021|website=Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism|language=ko|access-date=January 30, 2021|archive-date=January 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130144340/https://www.mcst.go.kr/kor/s_policy/dept/deptView.jsp?pDataCD=0417000000&amp;pSeq=1448|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Sahan 2021 ay samaysay YouGov, oo ah hay'ad caalami ah oo Ingiriis ah, Lisa ayaa loo doortay mid ka mid ah labaatanka dumar ah ee loogu qaddariyo adduunka oo ay weheliyaan [[Michelle Obama]], [[Angelina Jolie]], [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II]], iyo qaar kaloo badan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://yg-life.com/archives/171748?lang=en|title=BLACKPINK LISA Chosen as ‘TOP 20 World’s Most Admired Woman’ by British Agency|website=YG Life|date=December 16, 2021|access-date=December 19, 2021|archive-date=December 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211218131258/https://yg-life.com/archives/171748?lang=en|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lisa waxaa ku ammaanay ra'iisul wasaaraha Tayland, [[Prayut Chan-o-cha]], sida ay u xayeysiisay dhaqanka Tayland-ga muuqaalkeeda muusiga ah ee &quot;[[Lalisa (hees)|Lalisa]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Mail|first=Pattaya|date=September 14, 2021|title=Thai Prime Minister praises Lisa Blackpink for promoting Thai culture|url=https://www.pattayamail.com/thailandnews/thai-prime-minister-praises-lisa-blackpink-for-promoting-thai-culture-371909|access-date=September 15, 2021|website=Pattaya Mail|language=en-US|archive-date=September 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920225234/https://www.pattayamail.com/thailandnews/thai-prime-minister-praises-lisa-blackpink-for-promoting-thai-culture-371909|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyada ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Xiriirinta dibedda ==

* [http://blackpinkofficial.com/ Blackpink bogga rasmiga ah]
{{Commons category|Lisa (Thai singer)|Lisa}}
[[Category:Xubnaha Blackpink]]
[[Category:Fanaaniinta haweenka ee Tayland]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta Tayland ku heesha luqadda Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]</text>
      <sha1>qf2xu17se84qchl51q9rans0tpenuga</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jennie</title>
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      <text bytes="20990" sha1="tdxypuhq9a0jukv4m58sub1l0jrw5nj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist|name=Jennie|image=Kim Jennie (김제니) 05.jpg|image_upright=1.15|caption=Jennie, 2023|alt=|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date and age|1996|1|16}}|birth_place=[[Seoul]], Koonfur Kuuriya|occupation=|years_active={{ubl|2012–2013|2016–hada}}|website=&lt;!-- {{URL|example.com}} --&gt;|genre=[[K-pop]]|instrument=Cod|label=*[[YG Entertainment|YG]]
*Interscope Records|associated_acts=*[[Blackpink]]
*YG Family|module=}}{{short description|Koonfur Kuuriya fanaand|pagetype=Koonfur Kuuriya Fanaand}}
'''Jennie Kim''' ({{Korean|김제 니}}; dhashay Janaayo 16, 1996), oo loo yaqaan '''Jennie''', waa heesaa Koonfur Kuuriya ah. Kim waxay ku dhalatay kuna barbaartay Koonfur Kuuriya, Kim waxay wax ku baratay New Zealand iyadoo sideed sano jir ah shan sano, ka hor inta aysan ku laaban Koonfur Kuuriya sanad 2010. Waxay ka soo muuqatay xubin ka mid ah kooxda gabdhaha ee [[Blackpink]] oo ka hoosaysa [[YG Entertainment]] ee 2016. Bishii Nofeembar 2018, Jennie waxay soo saartay heesteedii ugu horreysay ee keli ah &quot;[[Solo]]&quot;. Heesta ayaa guul ganacsi ka gaadhay gudaha iyo caalamkaba.

== shaqo ==
Jennie waxay ku dhalatay kuna kortay [[Koonfur Kuuriya]], laakiin waxay markii dambe u dhaqaaqday inay wax ku barato [[New Zealand]] markay tahay sideed jir shan sano, Waxay oo soo noqotay Koonfur Kuuriya sanadka 2010 si ay u noqoto fanaand.

=== Blackpink ===
{{Main|Blackpink}}
[[File:171001_코리아_뮤직_페스티벌_블랙핑크_(8).jpg|left|thumb|Jennie bishii Oktoobar 1, 2017.]]
Waxay ku doodday inay xubin ka tahay kooxda gabdhaha ee [[Blackpink]] bishii Agoosto 2016 waxayna sameysay kulankeedii ugu horreeyay oo keliya ''[[Solo]]'' ah Noofambar 12, 2018.

== Nolosha hore ==
Kim Jennie wuxuu ku dhashay Magaalada Seoul, Koonfur Kuuriya bishii Janaayo 16, 1996, isagoo ah cunug kaliya. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://sports.khan.co.kr/entertainment/sk_index.html?art_id=201706230815003&amp;sec_id=540301&amp;pt=nv|title=[아이돌 고향을 찾아서①] 우리 고향 아이돌 누가 있을까|author=Son Min-ji|first=|date=June 23, 2017|work=Sports Khan|accessdate=November 12, 2018|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://news.donga.com/3/07/20160811/79708918/4|title=[블랙핑크 VS 투애니원③] 블랙핑크는 누구?|date=August 11, 2016|website=Donga|language=ko|access-date=November 13, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://mnews.joins.com/article/22892780|title=The Reason Koreans Say &quot;Whoa&quot; by Hearing &quot;Jennie Was Born in Cheongdam-dong&quot;|date=August 17, 2018|website=JoongAng Ilbo|language=ko|access-date=June 21, 2019|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218133153/https://mnews.joins.com/article/22892780|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;Markii ay siddeed sano jirsatay, waxay safar la tagtay iyada iyo qoyskeeda Australia iyo New Zealand.  Intii ay ku sugneyd New Zealand, hooyadeed waxay weydiisay inay jeceshahay meesha iyo haddii ay rabto inay sii joogto, Jennie waxay ku jawaabtay &quot;haa&quot;.  Sannad kadib, waxaa loo direy inay wax ku dhigato Iskuulka Dhexe ee Waikowhai ee Auckland, New Zealand waxayna la nooshahay qoys guri-joog ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.vlive.tv/video/42947|title=[V LIVE] 젠득타임🖤|website=V Live|language=en|access-date=July 9, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Farshaxanimada ==

=== Saamaynta ===
Markii ugu horreysay ee Jennie ay bilawday inay heesto nooca loo yaqaan 'rap', waxay baratay farshaxanada sida Lauryn Hill iyo TLC, oo shaqadooda ay ku qanacdo kuna ixtiraamto.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/cover-story/8500312/blackpink-billboard-cover-story-2019 Inside Blackpink's U.S. Takeover: How the K-Pop Queens Are Changing the Game]. Billboard&lt;/ref&gt;  Jennie ayaa sheegtay in [[Rihanna]] ay tahay saameynta ugu weyn ee ay ku dayan karto.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;[https://www.scmp.com/culture/music/article/2155008/jennie-blackpink-new-zealand-raised-k-pop-singer-who-any-good-cub Jennie from Blackpink – New Zealand-raised K-pop singer who, like any good Cub Scout, just wants to do her best]. South China Morning Post&lt;/ref&gt;

Jennie waxay aqrinaysay joornaalada ku saabsan dharka waxayna fiirin jirtay qaabab kala duwan oo dhar ah tan iyo yaraanteedii.&lt;ref&gt;[https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=213&amp;aid=0001044525 &lt;nowiki&gt;'한밤' 지수, 블랙핑크가 뽑은 얼굴천재... 제니는 여자지디[종합]&lt;/nowiki&gt;]. Naver&lt;/ref&gt; Xiisaha ay u qabto moodada ayaa ka timid hooyadeed. Jennie waxay sheegtey in [[Chanel]] ay qeyb ka aheyd nolosheeda tan iyo yaraanteedii walina ay ku xasuusato xusuusteedii ugu horeysay iyadoo leh astaan ​​uu aasaasay Gabrielle Chanel. &quot;Waxaan xasuustaa markaan yaraa, waxaan eegayo qolka labiska hooyaday, waxaanan raadiyaa waxkasta oo Chanel ah oo aan ka heli karo&quot; ayay u sheegtay ''[[Elle]]'' Indunisiya.&lt;ref&gt;[https://elle.co.id/fashion/people/jennie-blackpink-kim-ungkap-memori-masa-kecil-bersama-chanel/ Jennie 'Blackpink' Kim Ungkap Memori Masa Kecil Bersama Chanel] {{Wayback|url=https://elle.co.id/fashion/people/jennie-blackpink-kim-ungkap-memori-masa-kecil-bersama-chanel/ |date=20190626224201 }}. ''[[Elle]]'' Indunisiya&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Moodo iyo Cod ===
Heesteeda &quot;Solo&quot;, waxay aad ugu lug lahayd soo saarista dharka, fikradda, iyo sidoo kale qoob ka ciyaarka.&lt;ref&gt;[http://sports.donga.com/3/all/20181112/92835511/2?adtbrdg=e 블랙핑크 제니 'SOLO', 100% 맞춤옷 입고 비상 할까 (종합)]. Sports Donga&lt;/ref&gt; Jennie waxay soo xirtay in ka badan 20 dhar oo loogu talagalay fiidiyowgeeda muusikada.  Waxay ku sheegtay waraysiga ay la yeelatay ''[[Billboard]]'' in intii hawshu socotay ay ka fikirtay qaabka labis kasta u raaci doono heesta iyo waxa ay si ka duwan u qaban karto, iyada oo ka caawisay inay barato siyaabo badan oo kala duwan oo ku soo dhowaada moodada.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/8500689/blackpink-interview-10-things-we-learned 10 Things You Learn Hanging Out With Blackpink: More From the Group's Billboard Cover Story]. Billboard&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.eonline.com/ap/news/988080/all-the-outfits-worn-by-blackpink-s-jennie-for-her-solo-debut-mv All The Outfits Worn By Blackpink's Jennie For Her 'Solo' Debut MV]. E! Online&lt;/ref&gt; Tababaraha cod-bixinta Shin Yoo-Mi, oo la shaqeynayay Blackpink muddo lix sano ah illaa ay ka soo baxeen, wuxuu tababaray Jennie. Wareysiga, waxay ku tilmaamtay Jennie inay tahay ciyaartoy badan oo ku wanaagsan heesaha, kufsiga, iyo qorista erayada.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.sedaily.com/NewsView/1VJAZATSW4/GL0301 보컬트레이너 신유미 &quot;프듀 김재환, 가장 눈에 띄는 노래 실력 가져]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Saamaynta ==
Jennie, oo qalab ku leh sawirka casriga ah ee Blackpink, ayaa lagu naanaysi jiray &quot;Aadanaha Gucci&quot; iyo &quot;Aadanaha [[Chanel]]&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20190611023248/http://www.opinionnews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=18211 &lt;nowiki&gt;[글로벌 인플루언서] ② 블랙핑크, 아이돌 아닌 K팝 명품 브랜드&lt;/nowiki&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt; Qaab-dhismeedka qaab-dhismeedkeedu wuxuu u dhexeeyaa [[Gucci]] iyo [[Saint Laurent]] illaa summad gaar ah sida Marine Serre iyo Richard Quinn.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.voguehk.com/en/article/jennie-blackpink-style/ &quot;Jennie From Blackpink is the K-Pop Style Icon You Should Know&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.voguehk.com/en/article/jennie-blackpink-style/ |date=20190820224452 }}. ''[[Vogue]]'' Hong Kong.&lt;/ref&gt;  Dareenka moodada Jennie waxay kasbatay martiqaadyadeeda munaasabadaha moodada sida Saint Laurent's '''Summer 17 Collection Launch Party''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' oo uu qoray Anthony Vaccarello,&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2017/03/27/2017032703341.html &lt;nowiki&gt;&quot;[사진]블랙핑크 제니,'신이 내린 보디라인'&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;]. Chosun.&lt;/ref&gt;  Bandhiga 'Mademoiselle Privé' ee Chanel,&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;[https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=082&amp;aid=0000717443 &lt;nowiki&gt;&quot;블랙핑크 제니 '도도한 미모가 그야말로 명품' [포토 종합]&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;]. Naver&lt;/ref&gt;  iyo [[Prada]] ee '''Comics Collection Launch Party''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'.&lt;ref&gt;[https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&amp;mid=sec&amp;oid=015&amp;aid=0003891069&amp;sid1=001 &lt;nowiki&gt;&quot;[포토] 블랙핑크 제니, '머리만 넘겨도 화보'&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;]. Naver &lt;/ref&gt;  Guriga Chanel wuxuu u doortay Jennie inay tahay &quot;Safiirka Guriga&quot; ka dib markii ay indha indheysay saamaynta isbedelka leh ee ay ku yeelatay.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Waxay leedahay awood iibin oo muhiim ah;  sawirrada baraheeda bulshada ayaa noqda maqaallo iyo waxyaabaha ay muujiso inay noqdaan kuwa caan ah.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20190713092637/http://www.thesingle.co.kr/SinglesPcWeb/beauty/article_detail.do?nc_no=707774&amp;fmc_no=599674&amp;fsmc_no=599718 &quot;요즘 완판 스타의 법칙&quot;]. www.thesingle.co.kr&lt;/ref&gt; Timaha jarjarada Jennie ayaa xirtay intii ay ku guda jirtay bandhigeeda heesta &quot;Solo&quot; isla markiiba caan ayey ka noqotay Kuuriyada Koofureed waxaana loogu magac daray &quot;Jennie timo gogosha&quot; caannimadooda darteed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.insight.co.kr/news/213229|title=핫한 여자 아이돌이 착용해 '인싸'는 다 따라 했던 유행 아이템 6|website=인사이트|language=ko|access-date=July 7, 2019|archive-date=July 7, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190707021119/https://www.insight.co.kr/news/213229|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.co.id/article/read/2/2019/15458/trendy-5-gaya-rambut-dengan-hair-pin-ala-jennie-blackpink|title=Trendy! 5 Gaya Rambut dengan Hair Pin ala Jennie BLACKPINK!|date=February 22, 2019|website=Cosmopolitan Indonesia|access-date=September 24, 2019|archive-date=September 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925023723/https://www.cosmopolitan.co.id/article/read/2/2019/15458/trendy-5-gaya-rambut-dengan-hair-pin-ala-jennie-blackpink|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://nc.asiae.co.kr/view.htm?idxno=2019052416150931773|title=기상캐스터 정주희, 걸그룹 센터급 비주얼 '시선 집중'|date=May 25, 2019|website=뉴스컬처|language=ko|access-date=September 24, 2019|archive-date=May 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501132801/http://nc.asiae.co.kr/view.htm?idxno=2019052416150931773|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Jennie joornaalkeedii ugu horreeyay wuxuu ahaa ''Dazed Korea'' oo ay weheliso Saint Laurent bishii Abriil 2017.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://sports.khan.co.kr/entertainment/sk_index.html?art_id=201703240812003&amp;sec_id=540101|title=블랙핑크 제니 첫 단독 화보 &quot;봄 맞아 꼭 팬들과 만나고 싶다|date=March 24, 2017|website=Sports Khan|language=ko|access-date=September 28, 2019|archive-date=June 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627231646/http://sports.khan.co.kr/entertainment/sk_index.html?art_id=201703240812003&amp;sec_id=540101|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay ahayd qofkii ugu horreeyay ee caan ah ee Kuuriya ah ee ku dayashada ''Boucheron Paris.''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.xportsnews.com/?ac=article_view&amp;entry_id=898774|title=럭셔리&amp;우아&quot; 블랙핑크 제니. 新 화보 여신의 탄생 예감|date=September 29, 2017|website=Xports News|language=ko|access-date=September 27, 2019|archive-date=April 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430114341/http://www.xportsnews.com/?ac=article_view&amp;entry_id=898774|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Jennie tan iyo markii ay ka soo muuqatay daboolka joornaalada badan ee moodada, oo ay ku jiraan ''Dazed'', ''[[Harper's Bazaar]]'', ''Elle'', ''Marie Claire'', ''High Cut'', ''W'', ''[[Cosmopolitan]]'', iyo ''Billboard''.

In kasta oo Jennie lagu xusay muuqaalkeeda adag ee masraxa, haddana waxay leedahay shakhsiyad quruxsan oo marxaladda ka baxsan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://bntnews.hankyung.com/apps/news?popup=0&amp;nid=03&amp;c1=03&amp;c2=03&amp;c3=00&amp;nkey=201909171749553&amp;mode=sub_view|title=포스 뿜뿜 '냉미녀 스타' 헤어&amp;메이크업 분석|website=Hankyung|access-date=September 30, 2019|archive-date=December 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230151233/http://bntnews.hankyung.com/apps/news?popup=0&amp;nid=03&amp;c1=03&amp;c2=03&amp;c3=00&amp;nkey=201909171749553&amp;mode=sub_view|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay isku sifeysaa inay tahay &quot;aamusnaan&quot; iyo &quot;xishood&quot;, gaar ahaan agagaaraha shisheeyaha.  &quot;Shakhsiyaddaydu waxay noqon kartaa waxa dadku uga fikiraan shakhsiyaddayda. Laakiin halkii aan ka ahaan lahaa qof ay dad kale igu tilmaameen, waxaan doonayaa inaan noqdo shaqsiyad wanaagsan oo nafteeda ka fikirta&quot; ayay ku tiri wareysi ay la yeelatay ''Harper's Bazaar'' markii wax laga weydiiyay iyada  shakhsiyadda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.harpersbazaar.co.kr/article/38754|title=제니의 시대 {{!}} 하퍼스 바자 코리아 (Harper's BAZAAR Korea)|date=January 3, 2018|website=Haper's Bazzar|language=ko|access-date=September 29, 2019|archive-date=September 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930005138/https://www.harpersbazaar.co.kr/article/38754|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Soo saaraha ''Village Survival, the Eight'' Jung Chul-Min wuxuu ku tilmaamay Jennie inay tahay mid &quot;runtii qosol leh&quot;, isagoo sheegay in, &quot;Lid ku tahay shaqsiyadda adag ee ay masraxa ku muujiso, waa qof xishood badan oo leh shakhsiyad u eg ilmaha.  Jennie waxay ku raaxeysaneysaa dhacdo kasta, waxay soo saartaa madadaalo badan waxayna ku raaxeysataa xitaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://mosen.mt.co.kr/article/G1111033619|title=미추리' PD &quot;NO각본·리더 유재석·막내 제니, 앞으로 더 재미있어져&quot; [직격인터뷰]|date=November 17, 2018|website=OSEN|language=ko|access-date=September 29, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929015559/http://mosen.mt.co.kr/article/G1111033619|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Waxay caan ku tahay aqoonsi sumcaddeed iyo awood suuqgeyn, iyadoo kaalinta koowaad ka gashay Machadka Cilmi-baarista ee Kuuriya ee bilaha ah &quot;Xubnaha Shaqsi-kooxeed ee Gabdhaha Shakhsiyadeed&quot; dhowr jeer.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://enews.imbc.com/News/RetrieveNewsInfo/262089|title=블랙핑크 제니, 6월 브랜드평판 男女 1위! '6개월 연속 아이돌 NO.1'|date=June 18, 2019|website=MBC 연예|language=ko|access-date=June 21, 2019|archive-date=June 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621025436/http://enews.imbc.com/News/RetrieveNewsInfo/262089|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.rekorea.net/bbs/board.php?bo_table=repu4&amp;wr_id=360|title=[브랜드평판] 걸그룹 개인 브랜드 2019년 4월 빅데이터 분석결과... 1위 블랙핑크 제니, 2위 아이즈원 장원영, 3위 아이즈원 안유진|date=April 21, 2019|website=Rekorea|language=ko|access-date=April 21, 2019|archive-date=April 24, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424003313/http://www.rekorea.net/bbs/board.php?bo_table=repu4&amp;wr_id=360|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Sannadkii 2018, waxay gashay kaalinta labaad, iyadoo heshay 12.2 boqolkiiba codadka sahanka ugu caansan ee Sanamyada oo ay sannad walba qabato Gallup Korea oo ay ku lug lahaayeen 1,501 qof oo lab iyo dheddig oo udhashay Kuuriya oo da'doodu udhaxeyso 13 ilaa 29. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=974|title=2018년 올해를 빛낸 가수와 가요 – 최근 12년간 추이 포함|date=November 30, 2018|website=Gallup Korea|language=ko|access-date=November 30, 2018|archive-date=February 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202162923/https://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=974|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gallupkorea.blogspot.com/2018/12/2018-12_18.html|title=2018년 올해를 빛낸 가수와 가요 – 최근 12년간 추이 포함|date=December 18, 2018|website=Gallup Korea Blog|language=ko|access-date=December 18, 2018|archive-date=June 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190612185928/http://gallupkorea.blogspot.com/2018/12/2018-12_18.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  [[Instagram]] waxay ku abaal marisay Jennie &quot;Xisaabiyaha ugu Jecel ee 2018&quot; ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed iyadoo lagu saleynayo tirada aragtiyada iyo waxyaabaha ay ka heshay sheekooyinkeeda Instagram iyo qoraalladeeda sanadkaas..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://zine.istyle24.com/Star/StarView.aspx?Idx=41395&amp;Menu=4&amp;_C_=23069|title=인스타그램, 2018년을 빛낸 스타 기념 '인스타그램 어워드' 발표|date=December 12, 2018|website=iSTYLE24|language=ko|access-date=December 12, 2018|archive-date=December 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224130036/http://zine.istyle24.com/Star/StarView.aspx?Idx=41395&amp;Menu=4&amp;_C_=23069|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&amp;mid=sec&amp;sid1=105&amp;oid=015&amp;aid=0004065017|title='2018 인스타그램 어워드' 지드래곤, 가장 많은 팔로워 1위…보이그룹 1위 방탄소년단|date=December 20, 2018|website=Naver News|language=ko|access-date=December 20, 2018|archive-date=June 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190612044208/https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&amp;mid=sec&amp;sid1=105&amp;oid=015&amp;aid=0004065017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Forbes ayaa qirtay in Jennie ay &quot;ku helayso boos cusub quruxda Korea&quot; waxayna ugu yeertay inay tahay mid ka mid ah sababaha ay Blackpink ugu sarreysay Forbes Korea Power Celebrity bishii Abriil 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/325768|title=파워 셀러브리티 부문별 TOP10|date=April 23, 2019|website=중앙시사매거진|language=ko|access-date=May 26, 2019|archive-date=May 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526085507/http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/325768|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jennie waxay ahayd haweeneyda loogu doon-doonka badan yahay K-pop sanamka 2019 sida ku cad [[Google]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/article/2019082830934|title=블랙핑크 제니, 구글 '전세계에서 가장 많이 검색된 K팝 여성 아이돌' 1위|date=August 28, 2019|website=Hankyung|language=ko|access-date=September 30, 2019|archive-date=April 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430032917/https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/article/2019082830934|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Sannadkaas, Jennie waxaa sidoo kale loo aqoonsaday kaalinta toddobaad ee haweenka ugu caansan ee loo yaqaan 'K-pop idol' sahan ay ka sameeyeen askarta dhammaystiraya adeegga milatari ee qasabka ah ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed.&lt;ref name=&quot;soldiers&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Sana de Twice es elegida la cantante más popular por los soldados de Corea del Sur|url=https://larepublica.pe/cultura-asiatica/2019/11/09/sana-minatozaki-de-twice-es-escogida-la-idol-de-k-pop-favorita-de-los-soldados-de-corea-del-sur/|website=[[La República]]|access-date=June 13, 2020|language=es|date=November 10, 2019|archive-date=November 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109235625/https://larepublica.pe/cultura-asiatica/2019/11/09/sana-minatozaki-de-twice-es-escogida-la-idol-de-k-pop-favorita-de-los-soldados-de-corea-del-sur/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Janaayo 16, 2021, Jennie waxay furtay kanaalkeeda rasmiga ah ee YouTube, kuna beegan dhalashadeeda 25aad. Kanaalkeedu wuxuu si dhakhso ah u helay 1 milyan oo macaamiil ah wax ka yar toddobo saacadood wuxuuna noqday kan ugu dhakhsaha badan ee sidaas sameeya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Pardiwalla|first1=Tanzim|title=Blackpink's Jennie Launches YouTube Channel And The Subscriber Count Is Already Over 3 Million!|url=https://in.mashable.com/entertainment/19635/blackpinks-jennie-launches-youtube-channel-and-the-subscriber-count-is-already-over-3-million|website=Mashable India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126113004/https://in.mashable.com/entertainment/19635/blackpinks-jennie-launches-youtube-channel-and-the-subscriber-count-is-already-over-3-million|archive-date=February 1, 2021|language=en-in|date=January 18, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;  24 saac gudahood, waxay uruurisay in kabadan 1.75 milyan oo macaamiil ah, waxayna noqotay qofka labaad ee ugu badan ee adeegsada YouTube-ka waqtiga gudihiisa, kadib heesaa reer Barasiil ah Marília Mendonça.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Li|first1=Nicolaus|title=Blackpink Jennie's YouTube Channel Easily Breaks 3.68 Million Subscribers|url=https://hypebeast.com/2021/1/blackpink-jennie-youtube-channel-3-68-million-subscribers-info-record|website=Hypebeast|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126001141/https://hypebeast.com/2021/1/blackpink-jennie-youtube-channel-3-68-million-subscribers-info-record|archive-date=February 1, 2021|date=January 18, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Discography ==
== Filmography ==
{{Main|Blackpink videography}}

== Abaalmarinno iyo magacaabis ==
{{Main|Liiska abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista ay heshay Blackpink}}

== Tixraacyada ==
{{Reflist}}

== Xiriirinta dibedda ==

* [http://blackpinkofficial.com/ Blackpink bogga rasmiga ah]
{{Commons category|Jennie Kim}}
[[Category:Fan iyo Suugaan]]
[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya dadka]]
[[Category:Xubnaha Blackpink]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]
[[Category:Idolyasha dhedig Koonfur Kuuriya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Twice</title>
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'''Twice''' (Korean: 트와이스; Japanese: トゥワイス) waa koox gabdhaha Koonfur Kuuriya ah oo ay sameeyay [[JYP Entertainment]]. Kooxda ayaa ka kooban sagaal xubnood: [[Nayeon]], [[Jeongyeon]], [[Momo]], [[Sana]], [[Jihyo]], [[Mina]], [[Dahyun]], [[Chaeyoung]], iyo [[Chou Tzu-yu|Tzuyu]].{{Infobox musical artist &lt;!--Due to copyright, please do NOT upload photos taken from ANY website and/or SNS (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc) unless permitted by the owner/s (with evidence of permission).--&gt;|name=Twice|background=group_or_band|image=Twice Gaon Chart Kpop Awards 2019 3.png|image_size=|landscape=yes|alt=|caption=Bidix ilaa midig:[[Jeongyeon]], [[Jihyo]], [[Sana]], [[Chaeyoung]], [[Mina]], [[Chou Tzu-yu|Tzuyu]], [[Momo]] iyo [[Dahyun]]|alias=|origin=[[Seoul]], Koonfur Kuuriya|genre=*[[K-pop]]
* [[dance-pop]]
*[[bubblegum pop]]
*[[J-pop]]
*[[Electronic dance music|EDM]]|years_active={{start date|2015}}–hada|label=*[[JYP Entertainment|JYP]]
*[[Warner Music Group|Warner Japan]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://wmg.jp/twice/|title=TWICE|publisher=[[Warner Music Group|Warner Music Japan]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;|[[Republic Records|Republic]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/record-labels/8551703/jyp-entertainment-republic-records-strategic-parntership-twice |title=JYP Entertainment &amp; Republic Records Enter Strategic Partnership For Girl Group Twice: Exclusive |last=Benjamin |first=Jeff |date=February 24, 2020 |website=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |publisher= |access-date=February 24, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;!-- PIPE OUT &quot;Entertainment&quot; and &quot;Music&quot; per Template:Infobox musical artist policies. --&gt;|associated_acts=[[JYP Nation]]|website=* {{URL|twice.jype.com}} (Korean)
* {{URL|http://twicejapan.com}} (Japanese)|current_members=* [[Nayeon]]
* [[Jeongyeon]]
* [[Momo]]
* [[Sana]]
* [[Jihyo]]
* [[Mina]]
* [[Dahyun]]
* [[Chaeyoung]]
* [[Tzuyu]]}}

Twice wuxuu ku soo caan baxay gudaha gudaha 2016 heesahooda &quot;[[Cheer Up]]&quot;, kaasoo ahaa mid guuleystay oo ku guuleystay &quot;Heesta Sanadka&quot; ee  [[Abaalmarinta Muusikada Melon]] iyo [[Abaalmarinta Mnet Muusigga Aasiya]]. Kooxda ayaa ka dooday Jabban bishii Juun 28, 2017, ee hoos timaada Warner Music Japan, iyada oo la sii daayay album uruurinta oo cinwaan looga dhigay ''[[Twice (album)|#Twice]]''. Laga bilaabo Diseembar 2020, kooxdu waxay iibisay in ka badan 10 milyan oo album oo ku yaal Koonfur Kuuriya iyo Jabban.


== Farshaxan ==
Twice ayaa aad loogu xusi karaa shaqadoodii joogtada ahayd ee fikradaha &quot;quruxda badan&quot; taas oo ay sii taageertay nooca ugu weyn ee kooxda, taas oo loo arkayay inay ka baxday fikradaha caadiga ah ee muusiga ee lagu arkay calaamadihii hore iyo kooxaha gabdhaha saaxiibka ah [[Wonder Girls]] iyo [[Miss A]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How 9 girls from Twice dominated K-pop|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201909241539064371238_2|website=Kpop Herald|author=Hong Dam-young|date=September 24, 2019|access-date=January 31, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210519075824/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201909241539064371238_2|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Saldhigga muusikada ee &quot;farxad leh&quot; waxaa lagu shaqeeyaa qaab midab leh marka loo eego moodada xubnaha, iyo in kasta oo ay heleen sumcad si ay u xoojiyaan muuqaalkooda dhallinyaranimada, Twice ayaa tan iyo markii ay qaateen qaab qaan-gaar ah oo markii ugu horreysay lagu arkay sii deynta &quot;[[Fancy]]&quot; iyo &quot;[[Breakthrough]]&quot; oo arkay kooxda oo soo bandhigtay qoob ka ciyaar dareen leh.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|title=Everything to Know About K-Pop Group Twice|url=https://time.com/5671342/twice-k-pop-everything-to-know/|magazine=Time|author=Kat Moon|date=September 20, 2019|access-date=January 31, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519075826/https://time.com/5671342/twice-k-pop-everything-to-know/|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Twice's 'Feel Special' EP review: K-pop girl group mix EDM, hip hop and 90s vibes and make it work|url=https://www.scmp.com/yp/discover/entertainment/music/article/3067177/twices-feel-special-ep-review-k-pop-girl-group-mix|website=Young Post|author=Chris Gillett|date=October 2, 2019|access-date=January 31, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210519080212/https://www.scmp.com/yp/discover/entertainment/music/article/3132327/k-pop-group-ab6ix-makes-their-comeback-new-mini|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=트와이스,댄스팝→라틴팝 꽉 채운 정규 음반에 기대감↑|trans-title=Twice, Dance Pop → Latin Pop Full of expectations for a full album|url=https://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=202010250807051910&amp;|website=Newsen|language=ko|author=Park Ah-reum|date=October 25, 2020|access-date=January 31, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519080218/https://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=202010250807051910|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Twice's Eyes Wide Open Is A Journey Through Time And Space|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/3171115/twice-eyes-wide-open-interview/|website=MTV News|date=October 26, 2020|access-date=January 31, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519080416/https://www.mtv.com/news/3171115/twice-eyes-wide-open-interview/|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kooxda ayaa sidoo kale caan ku ah ku darista dhaqanka casriga ah ee khadka tooska ah siidaynta muusiga iyo muuqaalada muusiga ee u dhigma.  Tusaale ahaan, heesahooda 2016 &quot;[[TT]]&quot; waxaa loogu magac daray dareenka oohinta kaas oo lagu dayday qoob ka ciyaarka kooxda, halka heestooda 2017 &quot;[[Likey]]&quot; ay si qarsoodi ah u tilmaamayso dhaqanka [[Instagram]] iyo halganka ilaalinta muuqaalka quruxda badan ee warbaahinta bulshada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=K-pop group Twice releases music video &quot;Likey&quot; starring...Vancouver|url=https://www.straight.com/music/988316/k-pop-group-twice-release-music-video-likey-starringvancouver|website=The Georgia Straight|author=Craig Takeuchi|date=October 30, 2017|access-date=January 31, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519080620/https://www.straight.com/arts/mei-lanfang-beijing-opera-brings-astounding-visual-spectacle-to-vancouver|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fiidiyowga muusiga ee heestooda 2018 &quot;[[What Is Love?]]&quot;, kooxdu waxay tixraacday filimaan dhowr ah oo ay ku jiraan ''[[The Princess Diaries]]'', ''[[Ghost]]'', ''[[La Boum]]'', ''[[Pulp Fiction]]'', [[Romeo + Juliet|''Romeo and Juliet'' (1996)]], ''[[Love Letter]]'', ''[[La La Land]]'', iyo ''[[Léon: The Professional|Leon: The Professional]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|title=Breaking Down the Movie References in TWICE's 'What Is Love?' Video|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8310103/twice-what-is-love-mv-movie-references|magazine=Billboard|author=Jeff Benjamin|date=April 12, 2018|access-date=January 31, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519080746/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8310103/twice-what-is-love-mv-movie-references|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sawirka dadweynaha iyo soo dhawaynta ==
[[File:Twicelights_in_Manila_2019.png|thumb|Twice oo Filibiin ku soo bandhigaya 2019 safarkooda &quot;[[Twicelights]]&quot;.]]
Twice ayaa si wanaagsan loogu soo dhaweeyay Koonfur Kuuriya, oo kaalinta labaad ka gashay tobanka farshaxan ee ugu sarreeya sahanka [[Gallup Korea]] saddex sano oo isku xigta, taasoo ka dhigaysa kooxda ugu sarreysa Kuuriya ee 2016 iyo 2017.&lt;ref name=&quot;gallup2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=December 20, 2016|title=2016년 올해를 빛낸 가수와 가요 – 최근 10년간 추이 포함, 아이돌 선호도|url=https://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=800|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222173639/https://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=800|archive-date=December 22, 2016|access-date=September 17, 2019|publisher=Gallup Korea|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;gallup2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=December 19, 2017|title=2017년 올해를 빛낸 가수와 가요 – 최근 11년간 추이, 아이돌 선호도 포함|url=https://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=886|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190906203615/http://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=886|archive-date=September 6, 2019|access-date=September 17, 2019|publisher=Gallup Korea|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;  iyo kooxda gabdhaha ugu darajada sareysa ee 2018.&lt;ref name=&quot;gallup2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 30, 2018|title=2018년 올해를 빛낸 가수와 가요 – 최근 12년간 추이 포함|url=https://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=974|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181218193305/http://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=974|archive-date=December 18, 2018|access-date=September 17, 2019|publisher=Gallup Korea|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laga soo bilaabo 2016, xubnuhu waxay si joogto ah u meeleeyeen 20ka sare ee Gallup Korea ra'yi ururin sanadeedka ee idolyada ay jecel yihiin qaranka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=December 19, 2019|title=2019년 올해를 빛낸 가수와 가요 – 최근 10년간 추이 포함, 아이돌 선호도|url=https://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=1072|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200108053337/https://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=1072|archive-date=January 8, 2020|access-date=December 19, 2019|publisher=Gallup Korea|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ee 2017, Twice ayaa lagu daray [[Forbes Korea Power Celebrity 40|''Forbes'' Korea Power Celebrity]] guud ahaan seddexaad iyo marka ugu horeysa ee fanaaniinta duubista. Waxay galeen tobanka sare ee liiska mar labaad kaalinta saddexaad ee 2018, iyo sagaalaad ee 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=엑소 위에 박보검·송중기, 아이돌 천하 깬 드라마 스타|url=https://news.joins.com/article/21315373|website=JoongAng Ilbo|language=ko|author=Jo Deuk-jin|date=February 27, 2017|access-date=May 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519081907/https://news.joins.com/article/21315373|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=[2018 대한민국 셀러브리티(8)] 한국 연예계의 세대교체|url=http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/320595|website=JoongAng Ilbo|language=ko|author=Yang Mi-sun|date=March 23, 2018|access-date=May 19, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210519082225/http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/320595|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=[2020 Power Celebrity] 2020 포브스코리아 선정 파워 셀럽 40|url=http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/329761|website=JoongAng Ilbo|language=ko|author=Oh Seung-il|date=April 23, 2020|access-date=May 19, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210519082422/http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/329761|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Twice ayaa sidoo kale lagu aqoonsaday aqoonsiga summada iyo awoodda suuq-geyntooda, iyagoo sare u qaaday &quot;Qoritaanka Awoodda Kooxda Gabdhaha&quot; oo uu daabacay Machadka Cilmi-baarista Sumcada Kuuriya dhowr jeer.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20210519082242/https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/article/2017051362324&lt;/ref&gt; Guusha kooxda iyo caannimada gudaha waxay fure u ahayd kor u kaca saamiyada [[JYP Entertainment]], taasoo kor u kacday qiimihiisu todobada wax ka yar saddex sano gudahood; Tan iyo markii kooxda la aasaasay 2015, qiimuhu wuu sii kordhayaa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Kim|first=Da-woon|date=August 27, 2018|title=[분석] JYP 주가 7배 끌어올린 '트와이스 효과' 어디까지?|language=ko|work=Naver News|publisher=iNews24|url=https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&amp;mid=sec&amp;oid=031&amp;aid=0000460514&amp;sid1=001|url-status=live|access-date=August 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326173817/https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&amp;mid=sec&amp;sid1=001&amp;oid=031&amp;aid=0000460514|archive-date=March 26, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intii lagu jiray doorashadii madaxtinimo Koonfur Kuuriya ee 2017, musharraxa markaas [[Moon Jae-in]] oo ka socday xisbiga Dimuqraadiga iyo musharax Yoo Seong-min oo ka socday xisbiga Bareun labaduba waxay adeegsadeen heesta Twice &quot;[[Cheer Up]]&quot; oo leh heeso wax laga beddelay sida ololahooda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Herman|first=Tamar|title=9 K-Pop Songs That Recently Became Part of South Korean Politics|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8436957/k-pop-songs-politicized-south-korea|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200713212439/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8436957/k-pop-songs-politicized-south-korea|archive-date=July 13, 2020|access-date=May 18, 2020|magazine=Billboard}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Frayer|first=Lauren|title=Parade Floats And Altered K-Pop Songs Mark South Korea's Coming Election|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/05/04/526832438/parade-floats-and-altered-k-pop-songs-mark-south-koreas-coming-election|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516035659/https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/05/04/526832438/parade-floats-and-altered-k-pop-songs-mark-south-koreas-coming-election|archive-date=May 16, 2020|access-date=May 18, 2020|newspaper=NPR.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Twice_live_at_KCON_2016_Los_Angeles_20160731-P1010668_(28689194454).jpg|left|thumb|Twice ee 2016 [[KCON|KCON LA]]]]
Ka dib guulahoodii ganacsi ee xidhiidhsanaa ee 2016 iyo 2017, Twice ayaa tan iyo markaas warbaahinta Kuuriya waxay ku magacawday &quot;Kooxda Gabdhaha Qaranka&quot;, iyadoo lagu soo xigtay inay tahay daba-galka kooxaha hablaha ee hore ugu guulaystay [[Girls' Generation]] iyo [[Kara]]. Dhaleeceyn muusik Kang Tae-gyu ayaa laba jeer ku tilmaantay inay tahay &quot;hal tallaabo oo ka horreeya xilliga hadda&quot; kooxaha kale ee gabdhaha isla markii ay bilaabeen xirfaddooda.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Top-trend Girl Group&quot;:

* {{Cite news|title=[TV톡] 키워드로 본 올해의 가요-수치, 대세, 컴백, 국민Pick, 이별, oo병 #2017총결산(17)|language=ko|work=Naver|publisher=iMBC|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=408&amp;aid=0000040809|url-status=live|access-date=December 23, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223215808/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=408&amp;aid=0000040809|archive-date=December 23, 2017}}
* {{cite news|last1=Lee|first1=Jeong-ho|date=December 5, 2017|title=소시·원걸→트와이스·레드벨벳..2017 걸그룹 세대교체③|language=ko|website=Naver|publisher=Star Money Today|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002665058|url-status=live|access-date=December 23, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223215805/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002665058|archive-date=December 23, 2017}}
* {{cite news|last1=Kim|first1=Hyun-sik|date=October 30, 2017|title='대세' 넘어 '국민 걸그룹'...트와이스, 6연타 홈런 도전(종합)|language=ko|trans-title=Beyond'the trend','national girl group'... Twice, 6-batter home run challenge (total)|website=Naver|publisher=No Cut News|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=079&amp;aid=0003027526|url-status=live|access-date=December 23, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223160820/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=079&amp;aid=0003027526|archive-date=December 23, 2017}}
* {{cite news|last1=Lee|first1=Jae-hoon|date=November 14, 2017|title=트와이스, 일본 첫 싱글로 플래티넘...K팝 걸그룹 최초|language=ko|website=Naver|publisher=Newsis|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=003&amp;aid=0008286189|url-status=live|access-date=December 23, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223160955/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=003&amp;aid=0008286189|archive-date=December 23, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Jo|first=Hyun-joo|date=November 9, 2016|title=소녀시대 닮아가는 '막강 화력' 트와이스|language=ko|trans-title=Twice's'magnificent firepower' that resembles Girls' Generation|work=Naver|publisher=Hankyung|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=015&amp;aid=0003681579|url-status=live|access-date=September 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928193331/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=015&amp;aid=0003681579|archive-date=September 28, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Guusha ganacsi ee kooxda kadib guulahoodii shaqo ee 2016 waxa ay saxaafadu u tixgalisay in ay tahay 'mid cajiib ah' warshadaha ay gacanta ku hayaan dhamaan kooxaha muusiga oo ragga ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=&quot;샤샤샤~&quot;부터 'TT'까지..지금은 트와이스 시대!|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002578175&amp;l|website=MT Star News|language=ko|author=Moon Wan-sik|date=December 19, 2016|access-date=May 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519082736/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002578175&amp;l=|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qoob-ka-ciyaarka gaarka ah oo Twice— oo ay ku jiraan &quot;[[Cheer Up]]&quot; (2016), &quot;[[TT]]&quot; (2016) iyo &quot;[[Signal (hees)|Signal]]&quot; (2017) — waxay noqdeen qoob-ka-ciyaarka iyo xusuusta fayras ee ay ku daydaan dad badan oo caan ah oo ku sugan Koonfurta Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Jeong|first=Jun-hwa|date=October 26, 2016|title=[Oh!쎈 초점] '샤샤샤~'부터 'TT춤'까지..트와이스, 마성의 킬러|language=ko|work=Naver|publisher=Osen|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003420811|url-status=live|access-date=September 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928193413/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003420811|archive-date=September 28, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Kim|first=Mi-ji|date=May 15, 2017|title=[트와이스 컴백①] &quot;찌릿 찌릿&quot;...트와이스 '시그널', 'TT' 넘는 열풍 만들까|language=ko|work=Naver|publisher=Xports News|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0000733410|url-status=live|access-date=September 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928193523/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0000733410|archive-date=September 28, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=[창간가요특집②] 트와이스-레드벨벳-블랙핑크, 여전한 걸그룹 3강체제|trans-title=[First song special feature ②] Twice-Red Velvet-Black Pink, still girl group 3 strong system|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=076&amp;aid=0003544822|website=Sports Chosun|language=ko|author=Paik Ji-eun|date=March 21, 2020|access-date=February 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519083142/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=076&amp;aid=0003544822|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kooxda ayaa door ku leh hogaaminta dib u soo kabashada kooxaha gabdhaha ee [[mawjadaha Kuuriya]].&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20210519083344/https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=468&amp;aid=0000671540&lt;/ref&gt;

Dalka Jabaan, sumcadda wanaagsan ee kooxda iyo la xidhiidhka taageerayaasha dhexdooda waxaa warbaahinta maxalliga ah u aaneeyay joogitaanka xubnaha reer Jabban ah [[Momo]], [[Sana]], iyo [[Mina]] waxayna Twice caan ku noqdeen waddanka xataa ka hor intaanay shaqadoodu billaaban. [[NHK]] News ayaa u tibaaxday guusha kooxda inay gacan ka gaysatay hagaajinta xidhiidhka Jabaan iyo Koonfur Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=St. Michel|first=Patrick|date=July 6, 2017|title=Twice shows just how resilient K-pop can be|work=The Japan Times|publisher=The Japan Times LTD|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2017/07/06/music/twice-shows-just-resilient-k-pop-can/#.Wcx9sbIjGUl|url-status=live|access-date=September 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928193513/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2017/07/06/music/twice-shows-just-resilient-k-pop-can/#.Wcx9sbIjGUl|archive-date=September 28, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Kim|first=Ye-na|date=April 28, 2017|title=日 여학생 80% &quot;데뷔 앞둔 트와이스 이미 알고 있다&quot;|language=ko|work=Nate|publisher=TV Report|url=http://news.nate.com/view/20170428n20019?mid=n1008|url-status=live|access-date=September 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612165153/https://news.nate.com/view/20170428n20019?mid=n1008|archive-date=June 12, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=&quot;예쁘고, 귀엽고, 친근하고&quot;...日, 트와이스 현지 인기 분석|language=ko|work=Dispatch|publisher=Dispatch|url=https://www.dispatch.co.kr/735395|url-status=live|access-date=September 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928150448/https://www.dispatch.co.kr/735395|archive-date=September 28, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Tusaale caan ka Twice ee dalka Jabaan ayaa la arkay ka dib markii ay sii daayeen heestooda &quot;TT&quot;, taas oo saxiixa heestan ay ku dayan jireen dhowr qof oo caan ah oo reer Japan ah iyo [[J-pop idol|idol]] ay ka mid yihiin.[[AKB48]] iyo [[Nogizaka46]]. Markii Twice ay si rasmi ah u soo saartay albamkooda ''#Twice'' ee Jabaan, [[Taallo-ka Tokyo]] waxay xustay munaasabadda iyagoo soo bandhigay &quot;TT&quot; oo ku yaal calaamadda - waxay ahayd markii ugu horreysay ee Tallo-ka Tokyo ay la kaashato farshaxan si loo soo bandhigo, waxaana loo arkaa inay tahay mid aan caadi ahayn.  horumarinta warbaahinta maxaliga ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Lee|first=Mi-hyun|date=July 11, 2017|title=[초점IS] 소녀시대·카라와 다른 트와이스의 日 '신공략'|language=ko|work=Ilgan Sports|publisher=Ilgan Sports|url=http://isplus.live.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=21746653&amp;cloc=|url-status=live|access-date=September 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200508034508/http://isplus.live.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=21746653&amp;cloc=|archive-date=May 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=&quot;트와이스 파급력 이정도&quot;...日 도쿄타워, 'TT' 점등식 성사|trans-title=&quot;Twice's ripple effect is this much&quot;... Tokyo Tower in Japan,'TT' lighting ceremony held|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003567823|website=Osen|language=ko|author=Jeong Ji-won|date=June 30, 2017|access-date=May 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519083811/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003567823|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Wargayska Jabaan ''[[Yomiuri Shimbun]]'' ayaa Twice ugu yeedhay &quot;musharaxa cusub ee awoodda sare u leh mawjadaha Kuuriya ee Jabban&quot;, halka saxaafadda Kuuriya ay xustay in kooxdu ay &quot;xukumayso kulaylka K-pop ee Jabban &quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last1=Nam|title=Global Hallyu Issue Report (April 2017)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201035017/http://eng.kofice.or.kr/b00_hallyuReports/b10_reports_view.asp?seq=367|access-date=November 22, 2017|url-status=live|url=http://eng.kofice.or.kr/b00_hallyuReports/b10_reports_view.asp?seq=367|publisher=Deok-joong Kim (KOFICE Secretary General)|work=Korea Foundation for International Culture Exchange (KOFICE)|date=May 7, 2017|first1=Sang-hyun|first4=Mi-rae|last4=Seo|first3=Seol-li|last3=Ryu|first2=Ah-young|last2=Kim|archive-date=December 1, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=트와이스, 일본 요미우리 신문 집중 조명... &quot;일본 한류 콘텐츠 시장 석권의 새주인공&quot;|language=ko|work=Gaon Music Chart|publisher=Korea Music Content Industry Association|url=http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/article/view.gaon?idx=12719|url-status=live|access-date=November 22, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201034728/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/article/view.gaon?idx=12719|archive-date=December 1, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Twice on Naver News:

* {{Cite news|last=Kim|first=Eun-ae|date=September 15, 2017|title=[공식입장] 트와이스, 10월 18일 첫 日 싱글 'One More Time' 발매|language=ko|work=Naver|publisher=Osen|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003619446|url-status=live|access-date=October 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180805204026/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003619446|archive-date=August 5, 2018}}
* {{cite news|last1=Jo|first1=Hye-won|title=트와이스, 'One More Time'으로 日 음원 사이트 실시간 차트 정상!|url=http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&amp;mid=sec&amp;sid1=004&amp;oid=408&amp;aid=0000035765|website=Naver News|publisher=iMBC|date=October 13, 2017|access-date=October 19, 2017|language=ko|archive-date=June 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612165150/https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&amp;mid=sec&amp;sid1=004&amp;oid=408&amp;aid=0000035765|url-status=live}}
* {{cite news|last1=Kim|first1=Hyun-rok|title=트와이스, 내년 1월 日쇼케이스 투어 확정..열풍 재점화|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002653164|website=Naver|publisher=Star MoneyToday|date=October 17, 2017|access-date=October 19, 2017|language=ko|archive-date=August 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180805203534/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002653164|url-status=live}}
* {{cite news|last1=Hwang|first1=Ji-young|title=트와이스, 韓걸그룹 발매 당일 최다 판매고 &quot;초동 30만장 육박&quot;|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=241&amp;aid=0002720363|website=Naver|publisher=Ilgan Sports|date=October 19, 2017|access-date=October 19, 2017|language=ko|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019163643/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=241&amp;aid=0002720363|archive-date=October 19, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Twice waa mid ka mid ah laba fal oo Kuuriyaan ah oo loo aqoonsaday inay horseedeen hir saddexaad ee &quot;[[Mawjadaha Kuuriya|Hallyu]]&quot; ee Jabaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='Third hallyu' blooming in Japan|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2021/01/732_250857.html|website=The Korea Times|author=Dong Sun-hwa|date=June 18, 2018|access-date=May 19, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210519083553/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2021/01/732_250857.html|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Caalami ahaan, dhawaaqa nooc ee muusiga oo Twice ee caanka ah iyo qoob ka ciyaarka gaarka ah ayaa horseeday in kooxdu ay hesho aqoonsiga majaladda ''[[Time]]'' inay ka mid yihiin kooxaha muuqda ee K-pop.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|title=These Are the Best K-Pop Groups You Should Know About|url=https://time.com/5124176/best-k-pop-artists/|magazine=Time|author=Raisa Bruner|date=February 9, 2018|access-date=May 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519083921/https://time.com/5124176/best-k-pop-artists/|archive-date=May 19, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Xubnaha ==

* [[Nayeon]]
* [[Jeongyeon]]
* [[Momo]]
* [[Sana]]
* [[Jihyo]]
* [[Mina]]
* [[Dahyun]]
* [[Chaeyoung]]
* [[Chou Tzu-yu|Tzuyu]]

== Tixraacyada ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Kooxaha gabdhaha Koonfur Kuuriya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Katrina Kaif</title>
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      <text bytes="83582" sha1="reqowfjs55b08tcixtghi21hou1obyn" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
|name=Katrina Kaif
|image=Katrina Kaif promoting Bharat in 2019.jpg|alt=
|caption=2019|birth_name=Katrina Turquotte
|birth_place=[[Ingiriiska Hong Kong]]
|height=
|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1983|7|16}}
|residence=Mumbai, Hindiya
|citizenship=Ingiriiska
|occupation=jilaa
|works=[[Katrina Kaif filmography|Filmography]]
|awards=[[Liiska abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista ay heshay Katrina Kaif|Liis buuxa]]
|yearsactive=2003–xaadir|spouse=[[Vicky Kaushal]] (g. 2021)}}
'''Katrina Kaif''' (ku dhashay '''Katrina Turquotte''';  16 Luulyo 1983) waa jilaa Ingiriis ah oo ka shaqeysa [[Bollywood|filimada Hindi]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;citizen&quot;&gt;Hafeez, Mateen (30 Agoosto 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160117202653/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Working-in-Bollywood-for-years-but-shy-of-citizenship/articleshow/6458769.cms?referral=PM Working in Bollywood for years, but shy of citizenship?]. Waxaa laga kaydiyay [http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Working-in-Bollywood-for-years-but-shy-of-citizenship/articleshow/6458769.cms?referral=PM asalka ah] 17 Janaayo 2016. Soo qaatay 20 Juun 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay sameysay Bollywoodka waana mid kamid ah atariishooyinka ugu mushaharka badan [[Hindiya]] &lt;ref&gt;Baksi, Dibyojyoti (25 Marsoo 2013). ''Hindustan Times''. [https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/katrina-kaif-pays-highest-advance-tax-among-bollywood-actressses/story-gNuTMpoOiHifrBEH4Nk1TL.html Katrina Kaif pays highest advance tax among Bollywood actresses]. Soo qaatay 20 Juun 2021. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.forbesindia.com/celebprofile/katrina-kaif/1439/18 Katrina Kaif] {{Wayback|url=http://www.forbesindia.com/celebprofile/katrina-kaif/1439/18 |date=20200219194548 }}. Forbes India. Soo qaatay 20 Juun 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;.

Kaif wuxuu ku dhashay Hong Kong, Kaif iyo qoyskeeduba waxay ku noolaayeen dhowr waddan kahor inta aysan u dhaqaaqin London.  Waxay heshay meelayntoodii ugu horeeyey ee naqshadeynta markay ahayd da 'yarta kadibna waxay sii wadday shaqo sidii moodalka moodada.  Bandhig faneed ka socda London, filim sameeyaha [[Kaizad Gustad]] wuxuu arkay Kaif oo wuxuu go'aansaday inuu ku tuuro ''[[Boom]]'' (2003), guul darrooyin culus iyo ganacsi.  Intii filimka Hindiya laga keenay, Kaif wuxuu helay shaqooyin moodisnimo ah wuxuuna aasaasey mustaqbal wanaagsan oo Modeling ah.  Sikastaba, jilayaasha filimku waxay ka gaabsan jireen inay tuuraan iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay amarkeeda liita ee Hindi.  Kadib markii uu kasoo muuqday filimka [[Telugu]], ''[[Malliswari]]'' (2004), Kaif wuxuu guul ganacsi ah ka gaadhay Bollywoodka asxaabta majaajillada ah ee ''[[Maine Pyaar Kyun Kiya?]]''  (2005) iyo ''[[Namastey London]]'' (2007).  Waxay raacday taxane taxan oo ah filimada guuleys ah, laakiin waxaa lagu dhalleeceeyay ficilkeeda, doorarka soo noqnoqda iyo u janjeedha filimada ay raggu xukumaan.

Kaif wax qabadkeedii masraxa argagixisada ee ''[[New York (filim)|New York]]'' (2009) si wanaagsan ayaa loosiiyay, iyada oo heshay abaalmarinta filimka 'Filmfare Award for Best Actress'.  Ka dib doorka xiddigta ee ''[[Ajab Prem Ki Ghazab Kahani]]'' (2009), ''[[Raajneeti]]'' (2010) iyo ''[[Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara]]'' (2011), waxay heshay abaalmarinkeedii labaad ee 'Filmfare' ee ay ku soo bandhigtay bandhigeedii ''[[Mere Brother Ki Dulhan]]'' (2011).  Filimka 'Kaif' ee ugu sareeya wuxuu la yimid filimka ''[[Ek Tha Tiger]]'' (2012), ''[[Dhoom 3]]'' (2013) iyo ''[[Bang Bang!]]'' (2014), dhammaantoodna waxay ka mid yihiin kuwa ugu sareeya filimada Hindiga ee aadka loo xiiseeyo.


== Shaqo ==
[[File:Katrina_Kaif-_2006_IIFA_Awards.jpg|alt=A woman is smiling away from the camera.|thumb|Kaif, 2006 IIFA Awards]]
Isaga oo afar iyo toban jir ah, Kaif wuxuu ku guuleystay tartan qurux ah oo ka dhacay Hawaii, wuxuuna helay shaqadii ugu horreysay ee moodelinta ee ololaha dahabka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Reddy|first=T.K.|title=Cool Kat comes to Chennai|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/07/15/stories/2003071500180100.htm|access-date=21 September 2013|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=15 July 2003|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911060648/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/07/15/stories/2003071500180100.htm|archive-date=11 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay markii dambe si xirfad leh ugu qaabeeysay London, iyada oo u shaqeysa hay'ado madax bannaan oo si joogto ah uga soo muuqatay London Fashion Week.&lt;ref name=&quot;cream&quot; /&gt;  Bandhig faneed ka Kaif ayaa soo jiitay indhaha filim sameeyaha reer London ee Kaizad Gustad. Wuxuu u xushay doorka aflaanta-aflaanta-aflaanta neceb ee ''[[Boom]]'' iyadoo qeyb ka ah jilayaal wada jir ah oo ay ka mid yihiin Amitabh Bachchan, Gulshan Grover, Jackie Shroff, Madhu Sapre iyo Padma Lakshmi.&lt;ref name=&quot;london fashion week&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Renuka|first=Methil|title=She's got the look|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/katrina-kaif-to-be-one-of-three-leading-ladies-in-kaizad-gustads-heist-film-boom/1/219881.html|work=India Today|access-date=21 September 2013|date=6 May 2002|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923085749/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/katrina-kaif-to-be-one-of-three-leading-ladies-in-kaizad-gustads-heist-film-boom/1/219881.html|archive-date=23 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;boom&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Mukherjee|first=Madhureeta|title=Katrina booms in Bollywood|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/Katrina-booms-in-Bollywood/articleshow/22997.cms|access-date=3 March 2014|work=The Times of India|date=16 June 2003|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215032338/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/Katrina-booms-in-Bollywood/articleshow/22997.cms|archive-date=15 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Intii uu duubayey Hindiya, Kaif wuxuu helay dalabyo kale wuxuuna go’aansaday inuu dalka sii joogo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Pathiyan|first=Priya|title='I'm not involved with Salman Khan'|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/40363538.cms|access-date=16 March 2003|work=The Times of India|date=16 March 2003|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040905203940/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/40363538.cms|archive-date=5 September 2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kaif wuxuu si dhakhso leh uga hirgaliyay India meherad guuleysi ah kadib markuu ansaxiyay magacyada sida [[Koka-Kola]], [[LG]], Fevicol iyo [[Samsung]].&lt;ref name=&quot;success&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Haute route to success|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/08/07/stories/2003080700090200.htm|access-date=21 September 2013|date=7 August 2003|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108053228/http://hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/08/07/stories/2003080700090200.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=8 November 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Xirfadiisii ​​Kaif ee ku dayashada badneyd ayaa horseeday rajo weyn oo ku hareeraysay kulankeedii ugu horeeyay ee Bollywood.&lt;ref name=&quot;boom&quot; /&gt; ''Boom'' (2003) ayaa markii ugu horreysay lagu soo bandhigay Carwada Filimka ee Cannes, waxaana si aad ah loogu dallacsiiyay munaasabadda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Bamzai|first=Kaveree|title=Vava voom|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/kaizad-gustad-seems-to-be-on-the-roll-with-boom/1/205880.html|access-date=3 March 2014|work=India Today|date=14 July 2003|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303050032/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/kaizad-gustad-seems-to-be-on-the-roll-with-boom/1/205880.html|archive-date=3 March 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=It's Boom time for glamour|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030803/spectrum/spotlite.htm|access-date=20 April 2014|work=The Tribune|date=3 August 2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051203192620/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030803/spectrum/spotlite.htm|archive-date=3 December 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ''Boom'' wuxuu ahaa fashil ganacsi iyo mid culus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Always knew Katrina Kaif would be superstar, says 'Boom' director|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Always-knew-Katrina-Kaif-would-be-superstar-says-Boom-director/articleshow/21778559.cms?referral=PM|access-date=22 October 2013|work=The Times of India|date=12 August 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215035405/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Always-knew-Katrina-Kaif-would-be-superstar-says-Boom-director/articleshow/21778559.cms?referral=PM|archive-date=15 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Bansal|first=Robin|title=Kat's Boom days are back to haunt her|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/kat-s-boom-days-are-back-to-haunt-her/article1-671317.aspx|access-date=24 March 2014|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=9 March 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324110934/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/kat-s-boom-days-are-back-to-haunt-her/article1-671317.aspx|archive-date=24 March 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Meel marinta Kaif ee qaab moodka ah si wanaagsan looma aqbalin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Salam|first=Ziya U.|title=Situations vacant|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/01/01/stories/2004010100180100.htm|access-date=3 March 2014|date=1 January 2004|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106105804/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/01/01/stories/2004010100180100.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=6 November 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ''Hindustan Times'' ayaa soo warisay Kaif kadib markii la siidaayay, Kaif aysan rabin agaasimayaasha sababo la xiriira iyada oo aan ku wanaagsaneyn luuqadaha Hindiga iyo lahjadda Ingiriiska ee cufan.&lt;ref name=&quot;sixhits&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Katrina on top with six hits in a row: critics|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/news-feed/archives/katrina-on-top-with-six-hits-in-a-row-critics/article1-335506.aspx|access-date=15 June 2013|work=Hindustan Times|date=3 September 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022163845/http://www.hindustantimes.com/news-feed/archives/katrina-on-top-with-six-hits-in-a-row-critics/article1-335506.aspx|archive-date=22 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Markii dambe wey eriday filimka waxayna tiri &quot;Uma tiriyo ''Boom'' dhacdooyin muhiim u ah nolosheyda. Markii aan saxiixay filimkaan, wax badan kama aanan aqoonin Hindiya iyo dadka daawada filimka&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;that's kat&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=That's Kat!|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/07/05/stories/2004070500870100.htm|access-date=21 September 2013|date=5 July 2004|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923074213/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/07/05/stories/2004070500870100.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=23 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;  In kasta oo Kaif loo soo bandhigay dhawr meelood oo lagu daydo,&lt;ref name=&quot;that's kat&quot; /&gt;  filim sameeyayaashu way ka labalabeyeen inay keenaan iyada oo ay ugu wacantahay amarka Hindi darteed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=When John Abraham made Katrina Kaif cry|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/when-john-abraham-made-katrina-kaif-cry-254720|publisher=[[NDTV]]|date=14 August 2012|access-date=21 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928224457/http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/when-john-abraham-made-katrina-kaif-cry-254720|archive-date=28 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Hal tusaale, Mahesh Bhatt wuxuu ku beddelay Tara Sharma oo ku taal ''Saaya'' (2003) maaddaama uu ka helay &quot;waxqabad aan is-beddeli karin&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Lalwani|first1=Vickey|title=Will Saaya repeat Raaz's success?|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/mar/03saaya.htm|work=Rediff.com|date=3 March 2003|access-date=4 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213002527/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/mar/03saaya.htm|archive-date=13 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kaif ka dib, Kaif wuxuu bilaabay inuu ka shaqeeyo qormooyinkeeda isagoo adeegsanaya fasalo Hindi ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;that's kat&quot; /&gt;

Kaif kadib markii uu fashilmay mashruucii ugu horeeyay ee Bollywood, Kaif wuxuu kasoo muuqday filimkii Telugu ee ''Malliswari'' (2004). Iyada oo ay la socoto Daggubati Venkatesh, waxay ku qaadatay doorka cinwaan ee amiirad lagu qasbay inay ka cararto daryeelkeeda dilaaga ah. Kaif wuxuu xilligaas helaa mushaarka ugu badan ee atariishada Filimada Koonfurta Hindiya. In kasta oo dib u eegis aan fiicnayn lagu sameeyay jilitaankeeda, ''Malliswari'' wuxuu ahaa ganacsi faa'iido leh.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=South India's new faces|url=http://www.sify.com/movies/south-india-s-new-faces-imagegallery-0-events-jdwmCvijjggsi.html|publisher=Sify|access-date=1 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716022822/http://www.sify.com/movies/south-india-s-new-faces-imagegallery-0-events-jdwmCvijjggsi.html|archive-date=16 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Pillai|first=Shreedhar|title=&quot;Malliswari&quot; mania|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/02/19/stories/2004021900960300.htm|access-date=21 September 2013|date=19 February 2004|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923013049/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/02/19/stories/2004021900960300.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=23 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== (2005–2008) ===
Sanadkii 2005, Kaif wuxuu ka soo muuqday filimka xiisaha leh ee siyaasadeed ee ''Sarkar''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Jha|first=Subhash K.|title=Katrina's voice dubbed again|url=http://www.sify.com/movies/katrinas-voice-dubbed-again-news-bollywood-kkfv1Lbecbbsi.html|publisher=Sify|access-date=28 March 2014|date=25 July 2005|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140717013629/http://www.sify.com/movies/katrinas-voice-dubbed-again-news-bollywood-kkfv1Lbecbbsi.html|archive-date=17 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay ku xigtay oo ay la jishay [[Salman Khan]], Sushmita Sen iyo Sohail Khan ee ''Maine Pyaar Kyun Kiya ?'', Filim ay u aragtay inay tahay &quot;tallaabaddii ugu horreysay ee dhab ah ee ay ku gasho Bollywood&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Jha|first=Subhash K.|title=Adi is my kind of director: Katrina|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/news-feed/nm14/adi-is-my-kind-of-director-katrina/article1-133690.aspx|access-date=10 December 2014|work=Hindustan Times|date=3 August 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216143049/http://www.hindustantimes.com/news-feed/nm14/adi-is-my-kind-of-director-katrina/article1-133690.aspx|archive-date=16 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Filimkan wuxuu ahaa mid guuleysi wacan kulahaa filimkii jaceylka ahaa ee ''Cactus Flower''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Jha|first=Subhash K.|title=We need laughter in our lives|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2004/jul/29david.htm|date=29 July 2004|work=Rediff.com|access-date=23 October 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029191922/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2004/jul/29david.htm|archive-date=29 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Box office cold to Bipasha's sizzle|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2005/aug/23box.htm|date=23 August 2005|work=Rediff.com|access-date=23 October 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029190549/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2005/aug/23box.htm|archive-date=29 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Doorkeeda, Kaif waxay ku heshay Abaalmarinta Stardust ee waxqabadka ku guuleysiga - Dheddig.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Bose|first=Derek|title=Director's choice|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2009/20090228/saturday/main1.htm|access-date=29 June 2014|work=The Tribune|date=28 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100830001547/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2009/20090228/saturday/main1.htm|archive-date=30 August 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kaif ayaa door yar ku raacday filimkeedii labaad ee Telugu, Allari Pidugu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Commercial potboiler|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/10/08/stories/2005100806350200.htm|access-date=21 September 2013|date=8 October 2005|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925143908/http://www.hindu.com/2005/10/08/stories/2005100806350200.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=25 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sanadkii 2006, waxay la soo muuqatay Akshay Kumar filimkii ugu horeeyay ee badan ee Raj Kanwar filimkiisii ​​Humko Deewana Kar Gaye ee aan guuleysan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=212&amp;catName=MjAwNg==|title=Box Office 2006|publisher=[[Box Office India]]|access-date=21 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132118/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=212&amp;catName=MjAwNg%3D%3D|archive-date=14 October 2013|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kaif sidoo kale wuxuu la soo muuqday Mammootty filimka xiisaha badan ee Malayalam ee ''Balram vs. Tharadas'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Good cinema should excite the minds|url=http://www.sify.com/movies/malayalam/interview.php?id=14196231&amp;cid=2406|publisher=Sify|access-date=22 September 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024045841/http://www.sify.com/movies/malayalam/interview.php?id=14196231&amp;cid=2406|archive-date=24 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Rajadii mustaqbal ee Kaif ayaa isbadashay 2007, markii ay kasoo muuqatay afar filim oo guuleysi ah Bollywood.&lt;ref name=&quot;dhoom&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Ghosh|first=Debasmita|title=From Boom to Dhoom: Katrina Kaif's best movies|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/From-Boom-to-Dhoom-Katrina-Kaif-s-best-movies/Article1-1127029.aspx|access-date=22 February 2014|work=Hindustan Times|date=25 September 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221125944/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/from-boom-to-dhoom-katrina-kaif-s-best-movies/article1-1127029.aspx|archive-date=21 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Wareysi ay siisay The Indian Express, ayay ugu yeertay majaajillada jacaylka leh ee ''Namastey London'' mid muhiim ah, iyadoo sheegtay in &quot;markii ugu horreysay, [ay] yeelatay door hoggaamineed&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;hundred&quot; /&gt; Kaif nolosheeda London waxay u adeegsan jirtay tixraac ahaan doorkeeda gabadh British ah oo udhalatay dalka Ingiriiska oo damacsan inay guursato saaxiibkeeda British-ka ah ee is-jecel, inkasta oo waalidkeed aysan ogolayn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=The other Kaif|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2007/03/22/stories/2007032200830100.htm|access-date=22 September 2013|date=22 March 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927225418/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2007/03/22/stories/2007032200830100.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=27 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kimistarka Kaif ee uu la wado Akshay Kumar ayaa si gaar ah loo soo dhoweeyay, iyadoo Nikhat Kazmi oo ka tirsan ''The Times of India'' ay ugu yeertay jilayaashooda inay tahay &quot;wax lagu raaxeysto&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Kazmi|first=Nikhat|title=Namastey London|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/hindi/Namastey-London/movie-review/1802925.cms|access-date=22 September 2013|work=The Times of India|date=24 March 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131222013623/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/hindi/Namastey-London/movie-review/1802925.cms|archive-date=22 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Akshay_&amp;_Katrina_on_the_sets_of_Welcome.jpg|alt=A man and a woman are looking away from the camera. The man is dressed in formal clothes, while the woman is wearing a light pink dress.|left|thumb|Kaif iyo Akshay Kumar oo filimka ''Welcome''; waxay ku midoobeen dhowr filim oo guuleystay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Tuteja|first=Joginder|title=I'll be there to guide any damsel in distress: Akshay|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/news-feed/entertainment/i-ll-be-there-to-guide-any-damsel-in-distress-akshay/article1-479407.aspx|access-date=4 December 2014|work=Hindustan Times|date=23 November 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150205100659/http://www.hindustantimes.com/news-feed/entertainment/i-ll-be-there-to-guide-any-damsel-in-distress-akshay/article1-479407.aspx|archive-date=5 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
She had a supporting role as a doctor in the sports drama ''[[Apne]]''. Waxay ku lahayd kaalin kaalmeyn dhakhtar ahaan riwaayadaha isboortiga ee Apne.  Filimkan ayaa ahaa mid si weyn loo wada sugayay madaama uu calaamadeeyay muuqaalka koowaad ee Dharmendra oo ay wehliyaan wiilashiisa, Sunny Deol iyo Bobby Deol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Gajjar|first=Manish|title=Apne|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/shropshire/films/bollywood/2007/05/apne_preview.shtml|publisher=BBC|access-date=8 October 2014|date=15 April 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226134026/http://www.bbc.co.uk/shropshire/films/bollywood/2007/05/apne_preview.shtml|archive-date=26 February 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Apne'' kadib, waxay dib ula midowday filim sameeye David Dhawan iyo Salman Khan filimkii ''Partner''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Krishna|first=Sonali|title=Partner may face $30 mn Hitch|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2007-08-08/news/27673674_1_hitch-indian-films-bollywood|access-date=3 March 2014|work=[[The Economic Times]]|date=8 August 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221193833/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2007-08-08/news/27673674_1_hitch-indian-films-bollywood|archive-date=21 December 2013|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  filimku wuxuu ahaa guul weyn.&lt;ref name=&quot;boxoffice2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=214&amp;catName=MjAwNw==|title=Box Office 2007|publisher=Box Office India|access-date=22 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132441/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=214&amp;catName=MjAwNw%3D%3D|archive-date=14 October 2013|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;top&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://boxofficeindia.com/arounddetail.php?page=shownews&amp;articleid=3997&amp;nCat=|title=Top All Time Worldwide Grossers Updated 11/5/2012|publisher=Box Office India|access-date=13 October 2013|date=11 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105215110/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/arounddetail.php?page=shownews&amp;articleid=4409&amp;nCat=|archive-date=5 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kaif filimkiisii ​​ugu dambeeyay sanadka wuxuu ahaa majaajillada ''Welcome'', oo ay wehliyaan Akshay Kumar, Nana Patekar, Mallika Sherawat iyo Anil Kapoor. In kasta oo filimku soo saaray dib u eegis badan oo taban, haddana wuxuu caddeeyay inuu yahay filimka labaad ee lacagaha ugu badan soo xareeya Bollywood-ka sanadkii 2007.&lt;ref name=&quot;dhoom&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;boxoffice2007&quot; /&gt;

Sanadkii 2008, Kaif wuxuu soo saaray seddex filim, kan hore wuxuu ahaa filimka xiisaha badan ee ''Race'', sheeko ku saabsan labo nin oo walaalo ah oo walaalo ah oo isku haysta oo ku tartamaya lacagta aabahood caymiska.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Kazmi|first=Nikhat|title=Race Review|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/hindi/Race/movie-review/2888134.cms|access-date=22 September 2013|work=The Times of India|date=21 March 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131010184938/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/hindi/Race/movie-review/2888134.cms|archive-date=10 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka dib Race, Kaif wuxuu ku biiray Akshay Kumar filim jilista ''Singh Is Kinng''.  Filimkan wuxuu kasbaday adduunka oo dhan, taasoo ka dhigaysa Kaif filimkiisii ​​lixaad oo xiriir ah oo Boxoffice-ka guuleysto.&lt;ref name=&quot;sixhits&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;top&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;boxoffice2008&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=215&amp;catName=MjAwOA==|title=Box Office 2008|publisher=Box Office India|access-date=23 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132123/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=215&amp;catName=MjAwOA%3D%3D|archive-date=14 October 2013|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kaif filimkiisii ​​ugu dambeeyay sanadka wuxuu ahaa ruwaayad ''Yuvvraaj'' kaaso ahaa guuldaro weyn dhanka Box-office-ka.&lt;ref name=&quot;boxoffice2008&quot; /&gt; Iyadoo loo diyaar garoobayo kaalinteedii seyliiste waxay ku tababbartay la ciyaaridda xubnaha orkestra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=KBR|first=Upala|title=KAIFi tagda hai|url=http://archive.mid-day.com/entertainment/2008/nov/131108-Salman-Khan-Katrina-Kaif-Pranksters-Cello-Yuvvraaj-Bollywood.htm|access-date=23 October 2013|work=[[Mid Day]]|date=13 November 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141013055443/http://archive.mid-day.com/entertainment/2008/nov/131108-Salman-Khan-Katrina-Kaif-Pranksters-Cello-Yuvvraaj-Bollywood.htm|archive-date=13 October 2014|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Sawirkeeda gabadha aabaheed ka mamnuucay inuu guursado gacaliyaheeda miskiinka ah ayaa waxaa si wanaagsan u soo dhaweysay Sify's Sonia Chopra: &quot;Katrina waa cajiib, cello ayey ku ciyaartaa si qancin leh, waxayna u egtahay mid caadi ah&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Chopra|first=Sonia|title=Review: Yuvvraaj a yawn of a moral science lesson|url=http://www.sify.com/movies/review-yuvvraaj-a-yawn-of-a-moral-science-lesson-review-bollywood-14803151.html|publisher=[[Sify]]|access-date=22 October 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131222174804/http://www.sify.com/movies/review-yuvvraaj-a-yawn-of-a-moral-science-lesson-review-bollywood-14803151.html|archive-date=22 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;  In kasta oo filimka soo dhaweyntiisa xasaasiga ah la isku daray, haddana shaashaddiisa waxaa lagu daray maktabadda Akadeemiyada Dhaqdhaqaaqa Sawirka Dhaqanka iyo Sayniska si ay u mudan tahay farshaxankeeda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Memon|first=Ayaz|title=When lines are crossed|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/column-when-lines-are-crossed-1208634|access-date=19 July 2014|work=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=22 November 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727164342/http://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/column-when-lines-are-crossed-1208634|archive-date=27 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Subhash Ghai's Yuvvraaj goes to Oscar library|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/Entertainment/Subhash-Ghai-s-Yuvvraaj-goes-to-Oscar-library/Article1-377914.aspx|access-date=22 September 2013|work=Hindustan Times|date=12 February 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929235306/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/Entertainment/Subhash-Ghai-s-Yuvvraaj-goes-to-Oscar-library/Article1-377914.aspx|archive-date=29 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kahor ''New York'', Kaif codkiisa waxaa ku luuqeeyay fanaaniinta codka inta badan filimadeeda sababo laxiriira luuqada Hindiga iyo luuqadaha kale ee Hindiya. kasta oo ay ka soo muuqatay filim taxane ah oo guuleysi leh, haddana dadka naqdiya waxay xuseen inay wax yar ka qabatay iyaga maadaama ay guud ahaan ragga ku badnaayeen.&lt;ref name=&quot;sixhits&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Vijayakar|first=Rajiv|title=New queen bee?|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/274159/queen-bee.html|access-date=19 July 2014|work=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=26 August 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726082502/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/274159/queen-bee.html|archive-date=26 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxqabadkeeda sidoo kale si weyn ayaa loo dhaleeceeyay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Kaul|first=Vivek|title=Deepika is the new Katrina|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/blogs/post-deepika-is-the-new-katrina-1581434|access-date=22 September 2013|work=Daily News and Analysis|date=31 July 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012222006/http://www.dnaindia.com/blogs/post-deepika-is-the-new-katrina-1581434|archive-date=12 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=I look at acting more as motivation than inspiration: Katrina|url=http://zeenews.india.com/exclusive/i-look-at-acting-more-as-motivation-than-inspiration-katrina_4092.html|publisher=Zee News|access-date=11 October 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014040601/http://zeenews.india.com/exclusive/i-look-at-acting-more-as-motivation-than-inspiration-katrina_4092.html|archive-date=14 October 2013|date=22 November 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kaif doorkeeda soo jiidashada leh, Kaif waxay sheegtay in &quot;Filimkeedii ugu horreeyay ee runti ay ahaayeen geedi socod barasho ... Ma jirin bartilmaameed&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;cream&quot; /&gt;

=== (2009–2014) ===
Kadib filimo isdaba joog ah oo iyada lagu jilay si ay u soo jiidato soo jiidasho, Kaif wuxuu ka soo muuqday riwaayada ''New York'' (2009).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Harshikaa|first=Udasi|title=Kat's crown|url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2009/07/03/stories/2009070350010100.htm|access-date=23 September 2013|date=3 July 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928042938/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2009/07/03/stories/2009070350010100.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=28 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;  John Abraham iyo Neil Nitin Mukesh oo ku jira doorka hogaaminta, Kaif ayaa sheegtay inay u aqoonsatay Maya (doorkeeda filimka), tan iyo markii ay la kulantay go'doomin isku mid ah sababtoo ah midabkeeda maqaarka markii ay ku soo barbaartay London.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=I was conscious of my skin colour while growing up: Katrina|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/i-was-conscious-of-my-skin-colour-while-growing-up-katrina/480776/|access-date=23 September 2013|work=The Indian Express|date=24 June 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222152209/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/i-was-conscious-of-my-skin-colour-while-growing-up-katrina/480776/|archive-date=22 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kaif ayaa sidoo kale xusay inay ku daashay doorka &quot;isla&quot; isla markaana ay raadineysay doorarro wax ku ool ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;arm candy&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Kat is only Akshay's arm candy|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-08-07/news-interviews/28190362_1_akshay-kumar-katrina-kaif-s-homepage-film|access-date=23 September 2013|date=7 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928093920/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-08-07/news-interviews/28190362_1_akshay-kumar-katrina-kaif-s-homepage-film|archive-date=28 September 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ''New York'' waxay sifiican uga shaqeysay xafiiska sanduuqa waxayna heshay dib u eegis wanaagsan.&lt;ref name=&quot;boxoffice2009&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=288&amp;catName=MjAwOQ==|title=Box Office 2009|publisher=Box Office India|access-date=11 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014131907/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=288&amp;catName=MjAwOQ%3D%3D|archive-date=14 October 2013|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=I am not glamorous in real life: Katrina Kaif|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/Entertainment/I-am-not-glamorous-in-real-life-Katrina-Kaif/Article1-472226.aspx|access-date=25 June 2014|work=Hindustan Times|date=3 November 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714122213/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/Entertainment/I-am-not-glamorous-in-real-life-Katrina-Kaif/Article1-472226.aspx|archive-date=14 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Falanqeeye ka tirsan ''The Times of India'' ayaa tixgeliyey inay tahay &quot;waxqabadka ugu wanaagsan ee xirfadeeda oo dhan.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=New York Movie Review|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/new-york/movie-review/4707568.cms|work=The Times of India|date=26 June 2009|access-date=25 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716185345/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/New-York/movie-review/4707568.cms|archive-date=16 July 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''New York'' ayaa Kaif u keentay magacaabiskeedii ugu horeysay ee Filmfare Award ee Aktarada ugu fiican.&lt;ref name=&quot;awards&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/celebritymicro/awards/id/3458|title=Katrina Kaif &amp;#124; Latest Celebrity Awards|access-date=12 November 2014|publisher=Bollywood Hungama|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112101550/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/celebritymicro/awards/id/3458|archive-date=12 November 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kadib waxay ka soo muuqatay door yar filimkii ugu horreeyay ee biyaha hoostooda maraya ee ''Blue''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Jha|first=Subhash K.|title=Katrina's guest performance in Blue lasts just 8 minutes|url=http://archive.mid-day.com/entertainment/2009/aug/190809-Bollywood-Katrina-Kaif-Blue-underwater-thriller-guest-performance.htm|access-date=23 September 2013|work=Mid Day|date=19 August 2009}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kaif wuxuu la jilay Ranbir Kapoor filimka majaajillada weyn ee guuleysta, ''[[Ajab Prem Ki Ghazab Kahani]]'' (2009), isagoo agoon lagu qasbay inuu guursado nin taajir ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=288&amp;catName=MjAwOQ==|title=Box Office 2009|publisher=Box Office India|access-date=28 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014131907/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=288&amp;catName=MjAwOQ%3D%3D|archive-date=14 October 2013|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Filimkeedii ugu dambeeyay ee sanadkaas wuxuu ahaa Priyadarshan filimkii ee ''De Dana Dan''.&lt;ref name=&quot;arm candy&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Katrina_Kaif.jpg|alt=A woman dressed in a white salwar kameez (traditional Indian dress) with her hair down is smiling and looking away from the camera.|thumb|Kaif xaflad xayaysiin ah oo loogu talagalay ''Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara'', 2011]]
Sanadkii 2010, Kaif wuxuu ka soo muuqday filimka xiisaha badan ee ''Raajneeti'' isagoo qeyb ka ah jilaayaasha kooxda oo ay ka mid yihiin Ranbir Kapoor, [[Ajay Devgan]], Arjun Rampal, Nana Patekar, Manoj Bajpai iyo Sarah Thompson. Filimku wuxuu dhiirrigelin ka qaatay ''The Mahabharata'' iyo Mario Puzo buuggii 1969-kii ee ''The Godfather''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Lahiri|first=Tripti|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2010/06/04/rajneeti-mahabharat-godfather-set-in-bhopal/|title='Rajneeti': 'Mahabharat,' 'Godfather,' in Bhopal|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|date=4 June 2010|access-date=11 October 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015075752/https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2010/06/04/rajneeti-mahabharat-godfather-set-in-bhopal/|archive-date=15 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=I was shocked when approached for Raajneeti|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/i-was-shocked-when-approached-for-raajneeti/115962-8-66.html|publisher=CNN-IBN|access-date=20 April 2014|date=22 May 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140421083323/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/i-was-shocked-when-approached-for-raajneeti/115962-8-66.html|archive-date=21 April 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=I watched Priyanka Gandhi's videos to get Rajneeti look: Katrina|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/I+watched+Priyanka+Gandhi's+videos+to+get+Rajneeti+look:+Katrina/1/94724.html|access-date=23 September 2013|work=India Today|date=26 April 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140427030623/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/I%20watched%20Priyanka%20Gandhi%27s%20videos%20to%20get%20Rajneeti%20look%3A%20Katrina/1/94724.html|archive-date=27 April 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Bhirani|first=Radhika|title=Raajneeti has coffers ringing with political winner|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/Entertainment/Raajneeti-has-coffers-ringing-with-political-winner/Article1-555238.aspx|access-date=22 October 2013|work=Hindustan Times|date=9 June 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025174724/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/Entertainment/Raajneeti-has-coffers-ringing-with-political-winner/Article1-555238.aspx|archive-date=25 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Kaif ayaa markii lixaad la shaqeeyay Akshay Kumar shactirada ee ''Tees Maar Khan'' (2010).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Akshay Kumar wants Katrina as his lady|url=http://www.emirates247.com/entertainment/akshay-kumar-wants-katrina-as-his-lady-2012-04-02-1.451645|publisher=[[Emirates 24/7]]|date=2 April 2012|access-date=10 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214182711/http://www.emirates247.com/entertainment/akshay-kumar-wants-katrina-as-his-lady-2012-04-02-1.451645|archive-date=14 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Doorkeeda atariishada hamiga leh, Kaif waxay kasoo muuqatay hees caan ah oo cinwaankeedu yahay &quot;Sheila Ki Jawani&quot;. Heestan waxaa duubay agaasimaha filimka Farah Khan iyo qeybta qoob ka ciyaarka ee heesta, Kaif waxaa tababbartay khabiir Veronica D'Souza.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Dabholkar|first=Reshma K.|title=Katrina: Bollywood's only belly dancer|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Katrina-Bollywoods-only-belly-dancer/pmredirectshow/7058136.cms?|access-date=19 May 2015|work=The Times of India|date=7 December 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208112323/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Katrina-Bollywoods-only-belly-dancer/pmredirectshow/7058136.cms|archive-date=8 February 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;Sheila Ki Jawani&quot; ayaa inta badan lala barbardhigaa hees kale oo isla sanadkaas la soo saaray sida &quot;Munni Badnaam Hui&quot; oo ka timid ''Dabangg''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Wangoo|first=Anupama|title=Sheila steals Munni's thunder|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Sheila-steals-Munnis-thunder/articleshow/7164852.cms?referral=PM|access-date=21 May 2015|work=The Times of India|date=26 December 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208112323/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Sheila-steals-Munnis-thunder/articleshow/7164852.cms?referral=PM|archive-date=8 February 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Inkasto heesta caan baxday hadana ''Tees Maar Khan'' si wanaagsan uma aysan aqbalin dadka naqdiya mana sifiican Boxoffice-ka uga soo bandhigin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=TMK fails to impress critics|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/TMK-fails-to-impress-critics/Article1-642276.aspx|access-date=22 October 2013|work=Hindustan Times|date=24 December 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025174721/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/TMK-fails-to-impress-critics/Article1-642276.aspx|archive-date=25 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Fall and fall of akki|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110209/jsp/entertainment/story_13553921.jsp|access-date=10 December 2014|work=[[The Telegraph (Calcutta)|The Telegraph]]|date=9 February 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210050313/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110209/jsp/entertainment/story_13553921.jsp|archive-date=10 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Jilaaga Kaif sidoo kale si wanaagsan looma helin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Rao|first=Renuka|title=Review: Tees Maar Khan is not worth even a free ticket|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/review-review-tees-maar-khan-is-not-worth-even-a-free-ticket-1485367|access-date=23 September 2013|work=Daily News and Analysis|date=3 December 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012223534/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/review-review-tees-maar-khan-is-not-worth-even-a-free-ticket-1485367|archive-date=12 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii ku xigay, Kaif, oo uu weheliyo [[Hrithik Roshan]], ayaa ka soo muuqday filimka ''Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Lalwani|first=Vickey|title=No issues with the kiss: Hrithik Roshan, Katrina Kaif|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-24/news-interviews/29698522_1_katrina-kaif-kiss-locking-lips|access-date=24 September 2013|date=24 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928034348/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-24/news-interviews/29698522_1_katrina-kaif-kiss-locking-lips|archive-date=28 September 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Filimku wuxuu ahaa guul muhiim ah iyo ganacsi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Sahni|first=Diksha|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2011/07/15/review-round-up-zindagi-na-milegi-dobara/|title=Review Round-Up: 'Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara'|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=15 July 2011|access-date=26 June 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714233533/https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2011/07/15/review-round-up-zindagi-na-milegi-dobara/|archive-date=14 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/cpages.php?pageName=earnings|title=Box Office Earnings 19/08/10 – 25/08/11 (Nett Collections in Ind Rs)|publisher=Box Office India|access-date=10 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903171326/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/cpages.php?pageName=earnings|archive-date=3 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ''Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara'' wuxuu kamid ahaa aflaanta sanadka ugu abaal marinta badan wuxuuna helay abaal marino badan oo Filim ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/awards/id/535587|title=Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara (2011) &amp;#124; Latest Movie Awards|access-date=28 January 2014|publisher=Bollywood Hungama|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103035713/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/awards/id/535587|archive-date=3 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kaif ayaa markaa ka soo muuqday filimka jaceylka ah ee ''Mere Brother Ki Dulhan'' (2011) oo ay la wadaan Imran Khan iyo Ali Zafar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Guharoy|first=Rounak|title=Imran Khan, Katrina Kaif set the stage on fire|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-08-11/news-interviews/29875873_1_ali-zafar-mere-brother-ki-dulhan-katrina-kaif|access-date=23 September 2013|date=11 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928033847/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-08-11/news-interviews/29875873_1_ali-zafar-mere-brother-ki-dulhan-katrina-kaif|archive-date=28 September 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Jha|first=Subhash K.|title=Katrina gets headstrong!|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-11-04/news-interviews/28271258_1_ali-abbas-zafar-katrina-kaif-girl-after-much-preparation|access-date=24 September 2013|date=4 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928033849/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-11-04/news-interviews/28271258_1_ali-abbas-zafar-katrina-kaif-girl-after-much-preparation|archive-date=28 September 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; kasta oo filimku kasbaday faallooyin isku dhafan, haddana Kaif guud ahaan ayaa lagu ammaanay muuqaalkeeda.&lt;ref name=&quot;dhoom&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Garia|first=Nikita|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2011/09/10/review-round-up-mere-brother-ki-dulhan/|title=Review Round-Up: 'Mere Brother Ki Dulhan'|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=10 September 2011|access-date=26 October 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029201255/https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2011/09/10/review-round-up-mere-brother-ki-dulhan/|archive-date=29 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Buugga ''Mother Maiden Mistress'' ayaa loogu magac daray Dimple (doorka Kaif ee filimka) mid ka mid ah jilayaasha dumarka xiisaha badan ee sanadka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Somaaya|first1=Bhawana|last2=Kothari|first2=Jigna|last3=Madangarli|first3=Supriya|title=Mother Maiden Mistress: Women in Hindi Cinema, 1950–2010|date=9 January 2013|publisher=HarperCollins India|isbn=978-81-7223-859-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dtec0Ykfo1sC&amp;pg=RA5-PA2011|page=2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxqabadkaan, Kaif waxay heshay magacaabiskeedii labaad ee Filmfare qeybta qeybta atariishada ugu fiican.&lt;ref name=&quot;awards&quot; /&gt;

Sanadkii 2012, Kaif wuxuu ka soo muuqday &quot;Chikni Chameli&quot;, hees loogu talo galay filimka ''Agneepath.''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Raje|first=Abhishek|title=Chikni Chameli gets 3.8&amp;nbsp;million views within a week!|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-28/news-interviews/30562001_1_chikni-chameli-agneepath-katrina-kaif|access-date=12 October 2013|date=28 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015114513/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-28/news-interviews/30562001_1_chikni-chameli-agneepath-katrina-kaif|archive-date=15 October 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kaif ayaa ku soo baxay filimka xiisaha badan ee ''Ek Tha Tiger''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Gupta|first=Shubhra|title=Ek Tha Tiger|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/ek-tha-tiger/989475/0|access-date=24 September 2013|work=The Indian Express|date=17 August 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140204100146/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/ek-tha-tiger/989475/0|archive-date=4 February 2014|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  filimku wuxuu ahaa filimka ugu dakhliga badnaa ee soo gala Bollywoodka sanadka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/boxnewsdetail.php?page=shownews&amp;articleid=5979&amp;nCat=|title=Chennai Express Crosses Ek Tha Tiger Worldwide in Ten Days|publisher=Box Office India|access-date=21 September 2013|date=19 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105220137/http://boxofficeindia.com/boxnewsdetail.php?page=shownews&amp;articleid=5979&amp;nCat=|archive-date=5 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/articles/415845/20121217/top-10-grossers-2012.htm|title=Top 10 Bollywood Box Office Grossers of 2012; &quot;Ek Tha Tiger&quot; Tops List|date=17 December 2012|work=[[International Business Times]]|access-date=14 January 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140114080943/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/articles/415845/20121217/top-10-grossers-2012.htm|archive-date=14 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Anushka_Sharma,_Shahrukh_Khan_and_Katrina_Kaif_at_the_premiere_of_JAB_TAK_HAI_JAAN.jpg|alt=A man in a suit is interlocking arms with two women. The woman on the left is wearing a blue one-shouldered gown with her hair up, while the woman on the right is wearing a gold sari (South Asian attire) with her hair down.|left|thumb|302x302px|Kaif (midig) oo ay weheliyaan Anushka Sharma iyo [[Shahrukh Khan|Shah Rukh Khan]] markii ugu horeysay filimka ''Jab Tak Hai Jaan'', 2012]]
Sanadkaas Kaif wuxuu kaloo la soo muuqday Shah Rukh Khan iyo Anushka Sharma filimka Yash Chopra ee jaceylka ''Jab Tak Hai Jaan''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Roy|first=Gitanjali|title=Big bang at the box office today: Jab Tak Hai Jaan, Son Of Sardaar|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/big-bang-at-the-box-office-today-jab-tak-hai-jaan-son-of-sardaar-291901|publisher=NDTV|access-date=28 March 2014|date=13 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527015235/http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/big-bang-at-the-box-office-today-jab-tak-hai-jaan-son-of-sardaar-291901|archive-date=27 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay ku jileysay doorka Meera, oo ah qof dumar ah oo Ilaah u ballan qaada inuu soo afjari doono arrimaheeda iyada iyo jaceylkeeda miyir-qabka ah haddii uu badbaado.  Inkasta oo filimku helay inta badan faallooyin wanaagsan, waxqabadka Kaif wuxuu lahaa soo dhaweyn isku dhafan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Rana|first=Preetika|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2012/11/13/review-round-up-jab-tak-hai-jaan-woos-critics/|title=Review Round Up: 'Jab Tak Hai Jaan' Woos Critics|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=13 November 2012|access-date=26 October 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029212135/https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2012/11/13/review-round-up-jab-tak-hai-jaan-woos-critics/|archive-date=29 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; CNN-IBN ayaa soo qortay: &quot;Meera doorkeedu wuxuu ahaa mid adag Katrinana waxay ku dhacdaa muuqaalo shucuur leh. Waxay umuuqataa Katrina inaysan wali dareemin wax aad ufudud leh kamarada horteeda ayna ku adagtahay hadalada qalafsan&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Vats|first=Rohit|title=Jab Tak Hai Jaan: How has Katrina Kaif fared in the film?|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/jab-tak-hai-jaan-how-has-katrina-kaif-fared-in-the-film/305984-8.html|publisher=CNN-IBN|access-date=24 September 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009015036/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/jab-tak-hai-jaan-how-has-katrina-kaif-fared-in-the-film/305984-8.html|archive-date=9 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ganacsi ahaan, filimku wuxuu cadeeyay inuu guuleystay Box-office-ka adduunka oo dhan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Mehta|first=Ankita|title='Jab Tak Hai Jaan' Box Office Collection: Shahrukh Starrer is a Blockbuster Overseas|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/articles/411072/20121204/jab-tak-hai-jaan-box-office-collection.htm|work=International Business Times|access-date=24 September 2013|date=4 December 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927081651/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/articles/411072/20121204/jab-tak-hai-jaan-box-office-collection.htm|archive-date=27 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sanadkii 2013, waxay la soo muuqatay Aamir Khan filimkii xiisaha badnaa ee ''Dhoom 3''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Aamir, Abhishek, Katrina and Uday promote 'Dhoom 3'|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/Aamir-Abhishek-Katrina-and-Uday-promote-Dhoom-3/articleshow/27215896.cms|access-date=10 July 2014|work=The Times of India|date=11 December 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215052736/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/Aamir-Abhishek-Katrina-and-Uday-promote-Dhoom-3/articleshow/27215896.cms|archive-date=15 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kaif muuqaalkiisa xiga wuxuu ahaa Siddharth Anand ee ''Bang Bang!'' (2014), oo ah dib-u-habeyntii 2010 ee majaajillada jilitaanka ''Knight and Day''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Lalwani|first=Vickey|title=Hrithik prepping up for Knight and Day remake|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Hrithik-prepping-up-for-Knight-and-Day-remake/articleshow/18441696.cms|access-date=26 September 2013|work=The Times of India|date=11 February 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905031120/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Hrithik-prepping-up-for-Knight-and-Day-remake/articleshow/18441696.cms|archive-date=5 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  wuxuu ciyaaray soo dhaweyn bangi oo si kama 'ah ula qabsaday wakiil qarsoodi ah (Hrithik Roshan).

=== (2015–hada) ===
Kaif sanadii 2015 wuxuu la soo muuqday Saif Ali Khan riwaayaddii Phantom.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=After Phantom, Kabir Khan's Bajrangi Bhaijaan to kick start on November 3|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/2692973/After-Phantom%2C-Kabir-Khan%27s-Bajrangi-Bhaijaan-to-kick-start-on-November-3|access-date=1 November 2014|publisher=Bollywood Hungama|date=1 November 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103145619/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/2692973/After-Phantom%2C-Kabir-Khan%27s-Bajrangi-Bhaijaan-to-kick-start-on-November-3|archive-date=3 November 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Sanadkii 2016, Kaif wuxuu ka soo muuqday labo filim, ''Fitoor'', oo ah la qabsashada Charles Dickens 'sheeko ''Great Expectations'', Kaif wuxuu ciyaaray doorka ku saleysan Estella Havisham oo ay weheliyaan Aditya Roy Kapur iyo [[Tabu]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Prashar|first=Chandni|title=Katrina Kaif, Aditya Roy Kapur Fight Kashmir Chill With Fitoor Kiss|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/katrina-kaif-aditya-roy-kapur-fight-kashmir-chill-with-fitoor-kiss-736871|publisher=NDTV|date=4 February 2015|access-date=9 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150311032701/http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/katrina-kaif-aditya-roy-kapur-fight-kashmir-chill-with-fitoor-kiss-736871|archive-date=11 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkaas dabayaaqadiisii ​​waxay ku soo qaadatay sheeko jacayl ''Baar Baar Dekho'' oo ay la waday Sidharth Malhotra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Not 'Kal Jisne Dekha', Katrina Kaif-Sidharth Malhotra's film gets a new title|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-not-kal-jisne-dekha-katrina-kaif-sidharth-malhotra-s-film-gets-a-new-title-2120899|access-date=27 September 2015|work=Daily News and Analysis|date=1 September 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928225206/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-not-kal-jisne-dekha-katrina-kaif-sidharth-malhotra-s-film-gets-a-new-title-2120899|archive-date=28 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Labada filimba waxay ahaayeen kuwo dhaliil iyo ganacsiba ku fashilmay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Thakur|first=Charu|title=Baar Baar Dekho to Fitoor: 2016's glossy films which sank without a trace|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/baar-baar-dekho-sidharth-katrina-mohenjo-daro-fitoor-ki-and-ka-2016-flop-films/1/762438.html|access-date=11 October 2016|work=India Today|date=12 September 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011230640/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/baar-baar-dekho-sidharth-katrina-mohenjo-daro-fitoor-ki-and-ka-2016-flop-films/1/762438.html|archive-date=11 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Aditya,_Katrina_promot_film_‘Fitoor’.jpg|left|thumb|Kaif iyo [[Aditya Roy Kapur]], 2016]]
Kaif ayaa ku xigay Ranbir Kapoor oo ka soo muuqday filimka shactirada ah ee ''Jagga Jasoos'', kaasoo la sii daayay sanadkii 2017 dib u dhacyo badan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Jagga Jasoos: Twists, turns and another release date|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/jagga-jasoos-ranbir-kapoor-katrina-kaif-twists-turns-and-another-release-date/20170524.htm|access-date=3 August 2017|date=24 May 2017|work=Rediff.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803212234/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/jagga-jasoos-ranbir-kapoor-katrina-kaif-twists-turns-and-another-release-date/20170524.htm|archive-date=3 August 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Filimku wuxuu u furmay jawaab celin isku dhafan wuxuuna ahaa niyad jab ganacsi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/anurag-basu-on-jagga-jasoos-failure-4768232/|title=Anurag Basu on Jagga Jasoos failure: Rejection paves path for my next, promise won't disappoint you|last=Kamleshwari|first=A.|work=The Indian Express|date=26 July 2017|access-date=1 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171103232729/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/anurag-basu-on-jagga-jasoos-failure-4768232/|archive-date=3 November 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isla sanadkaas Kaif wuxuu dib ula midoobay Salman Khan wuxuuna dib uhelay doorka Zoya ee filmka xiisaha leh ee ''Tiger Zinda Hai'', qeybta labaad ee filmkii ''Ek Tha Tiger'' ee 2012. Filimkan waxaa la sii daayay usbuuca ciida masiixiga wuxuuna u furmay xoog badan uruurintiisa, wuxuu aruurinayaa in kabadan 1 1.1 billion sedex maalmood gudahood markii la soo saaray.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/tiger-zinda-hai-first-look-salman-khan-katrina-kaif/1/1070890.html|title=Tiger Zinda Hai first look: Salman Khan's brooding appearance makes for the perfect Diwali gift|last=Palat|first=Lakshana L|work=India Today|date=18 October 2017|access-date=1 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171024214517/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/tiger-zinda-hai-first-look-salman-khan-katrina-kaif/1/1070890.html|archive-date=24 October 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2018 Kaif waxay door caawiye ah kuleeshay filmka ''Thugs of Hindostan'' waxeeyna calaamadeeysay wada shaqeynteedii labaad ee Aamir Khan, Amitabh Bachchan iyo Director Vijay Krishna Acharya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.yashrajfilms.com/news/detail/2017/05/11/katrina-kaif-joins-yrf-star-studded-mega-project-thugs-of-hindostan|title=Katrina Kaif Joins YRF's Star Studded Mega Project Thugs of Hindostan|website=www.yashrajfilms.com|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821003004/https://www.yashrajfilms.com/news/detail/2017/05/11/katrina-kaif-joins-yrf-star-studded-mega-project-thugs-of-hindostan|archive-date=21 August 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kaif sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa hogaamiye dumar ah, oo ay weheliso Anushka Sharma, filimka ''Zero'', wuxuu la ciyaarayaa atariisho khamri cabba wuxuuna calaamadeynayaa wadashaqeyntiisii ​​labaad ee ay la yeelatay Shah Rukh Khan iyo Sharma (wixii ka dambeeyay 2012 kii ee ''Jab Tak Hai Jaan'').&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/confirmed-shah-rukh-khan-romance-alia-bhatt-katrina-kaif-not-deepika-padukone-aanand-l-rais-725915|title=Confirmed: Shah Rukh Khan to romance Alia Bhatt and Katrina Kaif, not Deepika Padukone, in Aanand L Rai's film|last=Sen|first=Sushmita|work=International Business Times, India Edition|access-date=14 May 2017|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170511162028/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/confirmed-shah-rukh-khan-romance-alia-bhatt-katrina-kaif-not-deepika-padukone-aanand-l-rais-725915|archive-date=11 May 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Zero'' waxay heshay dib u eegis isku dhaf ah oo ay ka heshay dadka naqdiya, laakiin Kaif sawirkiisa atirisho khamri cabeed ayaa ku kasbatay amaanteeda. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/katrina-kaif-is-the-surprise-element-of-aanand-l-rai-directorial-zero/articleshow/67191729.cms|title=Katrina Kaif is the surprise element of Aanand L. Rai directorial 'Zero' - Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=21 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222004246/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/katrina-kaif-is-the-surprise-element-of-aanand-l-rai-directorial-zero/articleshow/67191729.cms|archive-date=22 December 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay heshay magacaabista abaalmarinta Filmfare ee Aktarada Taageerada Ugu Fiican.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/nominations-for-the-64th-vimal-filmfare-awards-2019_-32898-1.html|title=Nominations for the 64th Vimal Filmfare Awards 2019|work=Filmfare|date=12 March 2019|access-date=13 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190316052927/https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/nominations-for-the-64th-vimal-filmfare-awards-2019_-32898-1.html|archive-date=16 March 2019|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Si kastaba ha noqotee, ''Thugs of Hindustan'' iyo ''Zero'' labadaba ganacsi ahaan kuma guuleysan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Can the Bollywood Khans stage a comeback?|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/can-the-bollywood-khans-stage-a-comeback/cid/1681755|date=14 January 2019|work=The Telegraph|author=Dua, Aarti|access-date=16 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116201052/https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/can-the-bollywood-khans-stage-a-comeback/cid/1681755|archive-date=16 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sanadkii 2019, Kaif waxay markale lashaqeeyay Salman Khan iyo Ali Abbas Zafar riwaayaddii ''Bharat'', oo ahayd laqabsigii filimkii [[Koonfur Kuuriya]] ee ''Ode to My Father'' (2014). Waxay bedeshay [[Priyanka Chopra]], kadib markii Chopra ay dooratay maalmo kahor inta aysan duubin muuqaaladeeda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Katrina Kaif replaces Priyanka Chopra in Bharat|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/bollywood/010818/katrina-kaif-replaces-priyanka-chopra-in-bharat.html|date=1 August 2018|work=Deccan Chronicle|author=Jha, Subhash K|access-date=29 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Filimkan ayaa noqday mid kamid ah filimada Hindiga ee lacagaha ugu badan soo xareeyay sanadkaan 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.businesstoday.in/trending/box-office/bharat-box-office-collection-day-22-salman-khan-film-breaches-rs-325-crore-mark-worldwide/story/359320.html|title=Bharat Box Office Collection Day 22: Salman Khan's film breaches Rs 325-crore mark worldwide|website=www.businesstoday.in|access-date=2 July 2019|archive-date=2 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702162011/https://www.businesstoday.in/trending/box-office/bharat-box-office-collection-day-22-salman-khan-film-breaches-rs-325-crore-mark-worldwide/story/359320.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kaif ayaa marka xiga ka soo muuqan doona filimka ''Sooryavanshi'' ee uu la wado Akshay Kumar iyo filimka cabsida badan ee ''Phone Bhoot'' oo ay la jileynayaan Siddhant Chaturvedi iyo Ishaan Khatter.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/should-work-in-spaces-we-are-comfortable-in-says-katrina-kaif-on-being-a-glamourous-heroine/story-kz4bjYMRspdncBepP8RrXJ.html|title=Should work in spaces we are comfortable in, says Katrina Kaif on being a 'glamourous heroine'|last=Singh|first=Prashant|date=25 April 2018|work=Hindustan Times|access-date=25 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180425160725/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/should-work-in-spaces-we-are-comfortable-in-says-katrina-kaif-on-being-a-glamourous-heroine/story-kz4bjYMRspdncBepP8RrXJ.html|archive-date=25 April 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/confirmed-akshay-kumar-will-romance-katrina-kaif-in-rohit-shetty-s-sooryavanshi-1507084-2019-04-22|title=Confirmed: Akshay Kumar will romance Katrina Kaif in Rohit Shetty's Sooryavanshi|website=India Today|access-date=22 April 2019|date=22 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422040124/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/confirmed-akshay-kumar-will-romance-katrina-kaif-in-rohit-shetty-s-sooryavanshi-1507084-2019-04-22|archive-date=22 April 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Here's All You Need To Know About Katrina Kaif, Siddhant Chaturvedi And Ishaan Khatter-Starrer Phone Bhoot|url=https://www.mid-day.com/articles/heres-all-you-need-to-know-about-katrina-kaif-siddhant-chaturvedi-and-ishaan-khatter-starrer-phone-bhoot/22896248|date=20 July 2020|access-date=29 July 2020|work=Mid Day|archive-date=29 Bisha Todobaad 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729092359/https://www.mid-day.com/articles/heres-all-you-need-to-know-about-katrina-kaif-siddhant-chaturvedi-and-ishaan-khatter-starrer-phone-bhoot/22896248|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ee 2021, waxay ballan qaaday inay wax ka keento filimka Farhan Akhtar ee ''Jee Le Zaraa'' oo ay weheliyaan Priyanka Chopra iyo [[Alia Bhatt]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/jee-le-zaraa-priyanka-chopra-katrina-kaif-alia-bhatt-to-star-farhan-akhtar-to-direct-7446786/lite/ Jee Le Zaraa: Priyanka Chopra, Katrina Kaif and Alia Bhatt go on a road trip, Farhan Akhtar to direct]. &lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolosha shaqsiga ==
Nolosha qaaska ah ee Kaif dhowr jeer ayaa looga hadlay warbaahinta. Way ka caga jiideysaa inay ka hadasho nolosheeda jaceylka: &quot;Waxaan waligey rumeysanahay inay jirto nolol guurka ka hor iyo guurka ka hor. Guurka ka hor ... waxaa lagugu magacaabaa haweeney keligood ah waxaanan doortaa inaan ku sameeyo qayb ka mid ah noloshayda sharaf iyo caqli buuxda &quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140714203922/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-i-dont-want-my-kids-to-know-how-many-boyfriends-i-had-1138453 'I don't want my kids to know how many boyfriends I had']&lt;/ref&gt;  In kasta oo wararka xariirka ah ee xiriir la leh Salman Khan markii ugu horreysay soo ifbaxay 2003, Kaliya markii ay kala tageen 2010-kii ayuu Kaif ka hadlay, wuxuuna ugu yeeray xiriirkeedii ugu horreeyay ee culus.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20161220094600/http://www.hindustantimes.com/tabloid/salman-was-my-first-serious-relationship-katrina-kaif/story-AVsYMARO64Duw189Lbm98N.html Salman was my first serious relationship: Katrina Kaif]&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay sii ahaadeen saaxiibo, Kaif waxay ku qaddartaa Khan inuu siiyay kalsooni iyo hanuun:&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140714122509/http://www.hindustantimes.com/news-feed/archives/i-am-katrina-s-bodyguard-salman-khan/article1-734610.aspx I am Katrina's bodyguard: Salman Khan]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140714215118/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/Salman%20believed%20in%20me%3A%20Katrina/1/94790.html Salman believed in me: Katrina]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140811013355/http://www.filmfare.com/interviews/salmans-been-a-huge-influence-katrina-kaif-2787.html &quot;Salman's been a huge influence&quot; – Katrina Kaif]&lt;/ref&gt;

Sababta la sheegay in ay ku kala tageen ayaa ah Kaif oo aad ugu sii dhowaanaya Ranbir Kapoor intii ay duubeysay ''Ajab Prem Ki Ghazab Kahani''.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20141021034700/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/katrina-kaif-nudges-deepika-padukone-out-of-ranbir-kapoors-tour/1/122436.html Katrina Kaif nudges Deepika Padukone out of Ranbir Kapoor's tour]&lt;/ref&gt;  In kasta oo ay taas beeniyeen Kaif iyo kapoor, haddana nooca xiriirkooda ayay warbaahinta baartay maxaa yeelay waxaa loo haystay inay dadka kale lug ku leeyihiin waqtigaas.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160215052806/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/i-want-to-be-loved-katrina/articleshow/5997720.cms I want to be loved: Katrina]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140714174001/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1101114/jsp/7days/story_13174492.jsp Single Sallu's a friendly ex]&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Ogosto 2013, sawirada Kapoor iyo Kaif oo fasax ku jooga Ibiza ayaa waxaa kashifay ''Stardust'';  warbaahintu waxay tan ku fasirtay xaqiijinta arrin.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150527143053/http://www.ibtimes.com.au/bollywoods-hottest-couple-finally-kat-out-ranbir-kapoors-bag-1313842 Bollywood's Hottest Couple: Finally, Is 'Kat' Out of Ranbir Kapoor's Bag?]&lt;/ref&gt;  Kaif markii ay soo muuqdeen sawirradu, Kaif ayaa warbaahinta u soo daabacday warqad ay ku sheegayso inay &quot;ka xumaatay, murugaysantahay oo ay ku soo duushay&quot; xadgudubka arrimaha gaarka ah.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140423124426/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/An-open-letter-to-the-media-from-Katrina-Kaif/articleshow/21528241.cms An open letter to the media from Katrina Kaif]&lt;/ref&gt;  Kadib waxay qirtay Kapoor inay tahay &quot;qayb aad muhiim ugu ah nolosheeda&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20141013013227/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/interview-ranbir-kapoor-is-an-important-part-of-my-life-katrina-kaif-1936375 Ranbir Kapoor is an important part of my life: Katrina Kaif]&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Febraayo 2016, warbaahinta ayaa sheegtay in ay kala tageen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20161027165511/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-did-the-break-up-with-ranbir-kapoor-cost-katrina-kaif-an-endorsement-deal-2183398 Did the break-up with Ranbir Kapoor cost Katrina Kaif an endorsement deal?]&lt;/ref&gt;

Kaif waxay xiriir dhow la leedahay qoyskeeda, la'aanta aabbe ee nolosheeda ayaa siisay iyada dareen mas'uuliyad ah xagga iyaga.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Jahagirdar-Saxena|first=Shraddha|url=http://www.verveonline.com/121/people/katrina.shtml|title=View From The Top|journal=[[Verve (Indian magazine)|Verve]]|volume=21|issue=6|access-date=25 June 2014|date=6 June 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714183415/http://www.verveonline.com/121/people/katrina.shtml|archive-date=14 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Iyadoo Kaif hooyadiis tahay kirishtaan aabbeheedna muslim yahay, haddana Kaif waxaa loo soo barbaariyay inuu ku dhaqmo dhammaan diimaha oo dhan wuxuuna sheegay inay tahay &quot;mid rumaysan illaahay&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150329202651/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Katrina-Kaif-We-have-a-mandir-at-our-home/articleshow/46726227.cms Katrina Kaif: We have a mandir at our home]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140714121906/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/golden-girl-katrina-kaif/1/236145.html Golden girl Katrina Kaif]&lt;/ref&gt;

Kaif iyo jilaaga [[Vicky Kaushal]] waxay is guursadeen 9 Diseembar 2021 ka dhacay Six Sense Resort, Fort Barwara ee Sawai Madhopur, Rajasthan ka dib markii ay wada socdeen ku dhawaad ​​laba sano.&lt;ref&gt;[https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/katrina-kaif-vicky-kaushal-wedding-live-updates-vicky-katrina-marriage-inside-photos-videos-guest-list-sawai-madhopur-rajasthan-news-1498654 Katrina Kaif Vicky Kaushal Wedding LIVE Updates: VicKat Get Married At Six Senses Fort Barwara]. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/katrina-kaif-and-vicky-kaushal-are-now-married-a-timeline-of-their-romance-2644454 &quot;Katrina Kaif And Vicky Kaushal Are Now Married: A Timeline Of Their Romance&quot;]. &lt;/ref&gt;

== Sawirka warbaahinta ==
[[File:Katrina_Kaif_at_an_event_for_Nakshatra.jpg|alt=A woman dressed in traditional Indian clothing is looking away from the camera. She has a red bindi between her eyebrows, a silver necklace and is wearing an embroidered red sari.|left|thumb|Kaif oo xaflad loogu qabtay dahabka Nakshatra, 2010]]
Sida laga soo xigtay maqaalkii ''India Today'', in kasta oo aysan u kala duwanayn halyeeyga caadiga ah ee Bollywood, Kaif &quot;wuxuu dhib kasta u rogay fursad wuxuuna fuulay cirifka dhaldhalaalka ah ee xiddigaha&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[http://indiatoday.intoday.in &quot;Kat who stole the cream&quot;]. India Today.&lt;/ref&gt; Inkastoo ay tahay mid ka mid ah atariishooyinka ugu guulaha badan xagga ganacsiga Bollywood -ka casriga ah, haddana waxay heshay dib -u -eegisyo kala duwan oo ku aaddan awoodeeda jilitaanka.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20131205145526/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/is-katrina-bollywoods-lucky-mascot/183795-8-66.html &quot;Is Katrina Bollywood's lucky mascot?&quot;]. CNN-IBN.&lt;/ref&gt; Markii ay wax u qori jirtay ''Firstpost'', Anuya Jakatdar waxay qortay in Kaif looga baahan yahay &quot;inay qaadato door [dhab ahaantii] ka hor imaado&quot; halkii ay eegi lahayd rafcaanka guulaha jilaaga&quot; waxayna ku dhaleecaysay u janjeedhkeeda dhanka doorarka soo jiidashada leh.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150924013452/http://www.firstpost.com/bollywood/a-career-tip-for-birthday-barbie-katrina-kaif-learn-to-act-959053.html &quot;A career tip for birthday Barbie Katrina Kaif: Learn to act&quot;]. Firstpost.&lt;/ref&gt; Awoodda qoob -ka -ciyaarka ee Kaif ayaa si wanaagsan loo qiimeeyaa, iyadoo Meena Iyer oo ka tirsan The Times of India ay ugu yeertay &quot;mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu fiican qoob -ka -ciyaarka Bollywood&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160215052729/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/Why-Katrina-Kaif-looks-forward-to-dancing-in-films-now/articleshow/16264607.cms &quot;Why Katrina Kaif looks forward to dancing in films now&quot;]. The Times of India.&lt;/ref&gt; Kaif guulaha uu ka gaaray Bollywoodka inkasta oo uu Ingiriis ahaa ayaa dhalisay in ay ku soo qulqulaan hibo shisheeye oo rajeynaya in ay ka dhex muuqdaan warshadaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Kaif ayaa warbaahinta laga soo xigtaa in ay tahay mid ka mid ah dadka ugu quruxda badan India, waxaana uu ka galay darajooyinka ugu sarreeya codbixinta isagoo dooranaya dadka caanka ah ee Hindiya ugu soo jiidashada badan. Kaif waxaa ''FHM India'' u magacowday &quot;Haweeneyda ugu Galmada Badan Adduunka&quot; shan jeer laga soo bilaabo 2008 illaa 2013,&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140714181217/http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-katrina-kaif-voted-fhms-sexiest-woman-1552317 &quot;Katrina Kaif voted 'FHM's' sexiest woman&quot;]. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=KBR|first=Upala|title=Deepika Padukone displaces Katrina Kaif in FHM 100 Sexiest Women in the World 2014|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-deepika-padukone-displaces-katrina-kaif-in-fhm-100-sexiest-women-in-the-world-2014-1999264|access-date=10 July 2014|work=Daily News and Analysis|date=3 July 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707022951/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-deepika-padukone-displaces-katrina-kaif-in-fhm-100-sexiest-women-in-the-world-2014-1999264|archive-date=7 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; wuxuuna ka soo muuqday liiska ''Verve'' ee haweenka ugu awoodda badan 2009 iyo 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Pandey|first=Piyush|url=http://www.verveonline.com/86/people/powerwomen03.shtml|title=Verve's 50 Power Women 2010|journal=[[Verve (Indian magazine)|Verve]]|volume=18|issue=6|access-date=27 October 2013|date=June 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121219054922/http://www.verveonline.com/86/people/powerwomen03.shtml|archive-date=19 December 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=http://www.verveonline.com/74/people/powerlist.shtml|title=Verve's 50 Power Women 2009|journal=Verve|volume=17|issue=6|access-date=27 October 2013|date=June 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404092809/http://verveonline.com/74/people/powerlist.shtml|archive-date=4 April 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Majaladda ''Eastern Eye'' ayaa ugu magac dartay &quot;Haweeneyda Aasiya ugu Galmada Badan&quot; laga soo bilaabo 2008 illaa 2010, iyo mar kale 2013kii.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Katrina is world's sexiest Asian... again|url=http://www.emirates247.com/entertainment/2.526/katrina-is-world-s-sexiest-asian-again-2010-12-12-1.328304|publisher=Emirates 24/7|date=12 December 2010|access-date=27 October 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029195005/http://www.emirates247.com/entertainment/2.526/katrina-is-world-s-sexiest-asian-again-2010-12-12-1.328304|archive-date=29 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Mukhopadhyay|first=Sounak|title=Katrina Kaif Declared as Sexiest Asian Woman in the World, Fourth Time for the British-Indian Actress|url=http://www.ibtimes.com.au/katrina-kaif-declared-sexiest-asian-woman-world-fourth-time-british-indian-actress-1325878|work=International Business Times|access-date=2 August 2015|date=5 December 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032435/http://www.ibtimes.com.au/katrina-kaif-declared-sexiest-asian-woman-world-fourth-time-british-indian-actress-1325878|archive-date=24 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kaif waxaa loo magacaabay ''The Times of India'' &quot;Haweeneyda Ugu Jecel&quot; 2010, markii dambena wuxuu galay kaalinta labaad laga soo bilaabo 2011 illaa 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-29/news-interviews/38903243_1_entrant-desirable-women-desirable-men|title=Times top 50 Most Desirable Women of 2012|access-date=27 October 2013|date=29 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019103638/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-29/news-interviews/38903243_1_entrant-desirable-women-desirable-men|archive-date=19 October 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Deepika Padukone: 2013's Most desirable woman|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/Deepika-Padukone-2013s-Most-desirable-woman/articleshow/35726757.cms?|access-date=5 June 2014|work=The Times of India|date=30 May 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140531081711/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/Deepika-Padukone-2013s-Most-desirable-woman/articleshow/35726757.cms|archive-date=31 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daabacaadda ''People'' ee Hindiya ayaa ku tilmaantay inay tahay &quot;Haweeneyda ugu Quruxda badan Hindiya&quot; sannadkii 2011 saddex sano kaddibna waxay kaalinta koowaad ka gashay Maxim India &quot;Hot 100&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Katrina Kaif voted India's Most Beautiful Woman by People Magazine|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/4037.html|date=27 May 2011|publisher=CNN-IBN|access-date=20 November 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202201827/http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/4037.html|archive-date=2 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Katrina Kaif edges past her contemporaries!|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-katrina-kaif-edges-past-her-contemporaries-2062648|access-date=8 March 2015|work=Daily News and Analysis|date=20 February 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223034247/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-katrina-kaif-edges-past-her-contemporaries-2062648|archive-date=23 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kaif waa af-hayeen caan ku ah dhowr nooc oo ay ka mid yihiin [[Slice]], [[Nakshatra Jewellery|Nakshatra]], [[Lux]], [[Panasonic]], [[Lakmé Cosmetics|Lakmé]] iyo [[L'Oréal]].&lt;ref name=&quot;success&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Sharma|first=Neha|title=OVER THE YEARS: Decoding Kat's nine lives!|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/OVER-THE-YEARS-Decoding-Kat-s-nine-lives/Article1-933113.aspx|access-date=22 September 2013|work=Hindustan Times|date=20 September 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929235300/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/OVER-THE-YEARS-Decoding-Kat-s-nine-lives/Article1-933113.aspx|archive-date=29 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Katrina Kaif is the new face of L'Oréal Paris|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-katrina-kaif-is-the-new-face-of-l-or-al-paris-1954611|access-date=21 January 2014|work=Daily News and Analysis|date=21 January 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140220154151/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-katrina-kaif-is-the-new-face-of-l-or-al-paris-1954611|archive-date=20 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''The Economic Times'' ayaa ku qiimeeyay Kaif Hindiya qofka labaad ee ugu taageerada badan 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=A snapshot of the top 10 small screen endorsers|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/slideshows/advertising-marketing/a-snapshot-of-the-top-10-small-screen-endorsers/2-katrina-kaif/slideshow/12078572.cms|access-date=4 March 2014|work=The Economic Times|date=29 February 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911062317/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/slideshows/advertising-marketing/a-snapshot-of-the-top-10-small-screen-endorsers/2-katrina-kaif/slideshow/12078572.cms|archive-date=11 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hindustan Times ayaa soo werisay 2014-kii inay heshay million 50 milyan (US $ 700,000) ilaa million 60 milyan (US $ 840,000) oo lagu ansixiyay mid kasta, taasoo ka dhigtay mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu caansan Hindiya ee ugu mushaharka badan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://photogallery.indiatimes.com/celebs/celeb-themes/bwoods-highest-paid-actresses/articleshow/11005681.cms|title=B'wood's highest paid actresses|access-date=23 October 2013|work=The Times of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024035458/http://photogallery.indiatimes.com/celebs/celeb-themes/bwoods-highest-paid-actresses/articleshow/11005681.cms|archive-date=24 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Shalvi|first=Mangaokar|title=Deepika Padukone pockets Rs. 6 crore for endorsement deal?|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/deepika-gets-rs-6-crore-for-endorsing-a-cola/article1-1190666.aspx|access-date=4 March 2014|work=Hindustan Times|date=4 March 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304190528/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/deepika-gets-rs-6-crore-for-endorsing-a-cola/article1-1190666.aspx|archive-date=4 March 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadihii 2010 iyo 2011, [[Mattel]] wuxuu sii daayay laba qaybood oo ah caruusadaha [[Barbie]] oo uu dhiirrigeliyay Kaif.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Check Out: Katrina Kaif unveils special Barbie doll created in her likeness|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/celebrities/features/type/view/id/1608/|publisher=Bollywood Hungama|access-date=28 March 2015|date=23 November 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402104845/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/celebrities/features/type/view/id/1608/|archive-date=2 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Katrina Kaif unveils 'I Can Be a Movie Star' Barbie doll|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/celebrities/features/type/view/id/2156/|publisher=Bollywood Hungama|access-date=28 March 2015|date=5 May 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402091202/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/celebrities/features/type/view/id/2156/|archive-date=2 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Sanadkii 2015 -kii, Kaif wuxuu noqday jilaagii sideedaad ee Bollywood-ka ah oo lagu rakibo tiirka wax-dhiska ee Madame Tussauds ee London.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Madame Tussauds to celebrate 15 years of Bollywood by unveiling Katrina Kaif wax statue|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/madame-tussauds-to-celebrate-15-years-of-bollywood-by-unveiling-katrina-kaif-wax-statue/16094151|access-date=18 November 2016|work=[[Mid-Day]]|date=26 March 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118165423/http://www.mid-day.com/articles/madame-tussauds-to-celebrate-15-years-of-bollywood-by-unveiling-katrina-kaif-wax-statue/16094151|archive-date=18 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kaif wuxuu ku hawlan yahay mashruucyada Project Relief India, oo ah hay'ad samafal oo hooyadeed maamusho taas oo badbaadisa gabdhaha dhallaanka ah ee laga tagay waxayna ka shaqaysaa sidii looga hortagi lahaa dilka dhallaanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Sinha|first=Seema|date=23 January 2011|title=Touching lives|work=The Times of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/people/Touching-lives/articleshow/7127277.cms|url-status=live|access-date=8 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215052740/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/people/Touching-lives/articleshow/7127277.cms|archive-date=15 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Guulaha uu Kaif ka gaaray ciyaarta ayaa muujinaya ''10 Ka Dum'' iyo ''Kaun Banega Crorepati'' ayaa loogu deeqay hooyadeed Mercy Home agoonta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Jha|first=Subhash K.|date=26 October 2009|title=Katrina to appear on TV shows to fund mom's charity|work=[[Mid-Day]]|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/katrina-to-appear-on-tv-shows-to-fund-moms-charity/61427|url-status=live|access-date=12 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714135115/http://www.mid-day.com/articles/katrina-to-appear-on-tv-shows-to-fund-moms-charity/61427|archive-date=14 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si ay dhaqaale ugu hesho dugsi cusub oo ku yaal Madurai waxay duubtay ''Rhyme Skool'' (2010), oo ah album heesaha xanaanada oo uu sameeyay A. R. Rahman.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Astbury|first=Will|date=27 April 2010|title=Katrina Kaif records charity album|url=http://www.digitalspy.com/bollywood/news/a216739/katrina-kaif-records-charity-album.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226111615/http://www.digitalspy.com/bollywood/news/a216739/katrina-kaif-records-charity-album.html|archive-date=26 December 2014|access-date=8 June 2014|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=2 August 2012|title=Katrina Kaif to sing for AR Rahman?|work=Hindustan Times|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/katrina-kaif-to-sing-for-ar-rahman/article1-907000.aspx|url-status=dead|access-date=8 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714172448/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/katrina-kaif-to-sing-for-ar-rahman/article1-907000.aspx|archive-date=14 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kaif ayaa sidoo kale booqday Ururka Gargaarka Bukaanka Kansarka si uu hadiyad uga badbaado kansarka una kordhiyo wacyiga dadweynaha ee kansarka naasaha iyo makaanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=11 December 2012|title=Katrina lends a hand to cancer cause|work=India Today|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/katrina-lends-a-pink-hand-to-cancer-cause/1/237197.html|url-status=live|access-date=10 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714172702/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/katrina-lends-a-pink-hand-to-cancer-cause/1/237197.html|archive-date=14 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== filimada ==
{{Main|Katrina Kaif filmography}}

== abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista ==
{{Main|Liiska abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista ay heshay Katrina Kaif}}

== Tixraacyada ==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
[[Category:Atariisho Ingriiska ee asalkoodu Hindida yahay]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]
[[Category:Atariis[https://halfmindpost.com/katrina-kaif-latest-look-goes-viral/ Katrina Kaif latest look 2023]hayasha filimada Hindiga]]
[[Category:Dhalashada 1983]]
[[Category:Atariishayasha shineemada Hindiga]]
[[Category:Moodelyasha dhedig Hindida]]
[[Category:Atariishayasha Hindiya ee qarnigi 21-aad]]</text>
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    <title>Suzy</title>
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| genre           = {{hlist|[[K-pop]]|}}
| instrument      = Cod
| years_active    = 2010–hada
| label           = {{hlist|[[JYP Entertainment|JYP]]|[[Management SOOP]]}}
| associated_acts = {{hlist|[[Miss A]]|JYP Nation}}
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| hangul          = {{linktext|배|수|지}}
| hanja           = {{linktext|裵|秀|智}}
| rr              = Bae Su-ji
| mr              = Pae Suchi
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'''Bae Su-ji''' ({{Korean|배수지}}), oo loo yaqaan '''Bae Suzy''' ama '''Suzy''', waa atariisho iyo fanaan [[Koonfur Kuuriya]]. Waxay xubin ka ahayd kooxda gabdhaha [[Miss A]] ee sameeyey [[JYP Entertainment]] &lt;ref&gt;http://www.hankyung.com/news/app/newsview.php?aid=2012040316747 {{Wayback|url=http://www.hankyung.com/news/app/newsview.php?aid=2012040316747 |date=20150402160623 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;.

Suzy markii dambe waxay sameysay muuqaalkeedii ugu horreeyay iyadoo jilaa ah oo leh taxane telefishan ah ''[[Dream High]]'' (2011), waxayna usocotay inay kasoo muuqato taxane ah sida ''[[Gu Family Book]]'' (2013), ''[[Uncontrollably Fond]]'' (2016), ''[[While You Were Sleeping]]'' (2017) iyo ''[[Vagabond]]''  (2019).  Waxay sameysay filimkeedii ugu horreeyay ee ''[[Architecture 101]]'' (2012).

== Nolosha ==
Bae waxay ku dhalatay [[degmada Buk, Gwangju]], Koonfur Kuuriya Oktoobar 10, 1994,&lt;ref name=&quot;Russell2014&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Russell, Mark|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=etDZAwAAQBAJ|title=K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution|date=April 29, 2014|work=Tuttle Publishing|isbn=978-1-4629-1411-1|page=96|access-date=October 29, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160527064350/https://books.google.com/books?id=etDZAwAAQBAJ|archive-date=May 27, 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay leedahay walaashii ka weyn iyo walaal ka yar. Waxay dhigatay Dugsiga Farshaxanka ee Seoul waxayna ka qalinjabisay 2013.&lt;ref name=&quot;family&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://shindonga.donga.com/docs/magazine/shin/2012/11/21/201211210500021/201211210500021_1.html|script-title=ko:뭇 남성 사로잡은 첫사랑 아이콘 미쓰에이 수지|date=December 2012|work=The Donga Ilbo|language=ko|access-date=March 23, 2015|archive-date=December 2, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202045503/http://shindonga.donga.com/docs/magazine/shin/2012/11/21/201211210500021/201211210500021_1.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muusikada ==
{{Main|Suzy discography}}

=== [[Extended play|Extended plays]] ===

* ''[[Yes? No?]]'' (2017)
* ''[[Faces of Love]]'' (2018)

== Filimada ==
{{Main|Suzy filmography}}

== abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista ==
{{Main|Liiska abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista uu helay Suzy}}

== Tixraacyada ==
{{reflist}}


[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya dadka]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]
[[Category:Atariishayasha filimada Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Atariishayasha telefishanka Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]</text>
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    <title>Marilyn Monroe</title>
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      <text bytes="62126" sha1="sj4qfov91cuybdp7u3flze1nbcbyvgt" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Marilyn Monroe|image=Monroecirca1953.jpg|caption=Monroe ee 1953|birth_name=Norma Jeane Mortenson|birth_date={{Birth date|mf=yes|1926|6|1}}|birth_place=[[Los Angeles]], Kalifornia|death_date={{Death date and age|mf=yes|1962|8|4|1926|6|1}}|death_place=Los Angeles, Kalifornia|death_cause=|resting_place=|other_names=Norma Jeane Baker|occupation=*Jilaa
*moodel
*fanaan|years_active=1945–1962|spouse={{marriage|James Dougherty|1942|1946|end=la furay}}&lt;br /&gt;{{marriage|[[Joe DiMaggio]]|1954|1955|end=la furay}}&lt;br /&gt;{{marriage|[[Arthur Miller]]|1956|1961|end=la furay}}|website={{URL|marilynmonroe.com}}|signature=Marilyn Monroe Signature.svg}}
'''Marilyn Monroe''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|æ|ɹ|ɪ|l|ɪ|n|_|m|ə|n|ˈ|ɹ|oʊ}}; magaceeda dhalasho waa '''Norma Jeane Mortenson'''; waxy dhalatay [[Juun]] [[1]], 1926&amp;nbsp;– waxy dhimatay [[Agoosto]] [[4]], 1962) waxay ahayd atariisho, moodel, iyo fanaan Mareykan ah. Caan ku ah doorkeeda majaajilada ah ee &quot;[[Aragtida timo cadaalad|naag timo cadaalad ah]]&quot;, waxay noqotay mid kamid ah [[Astaanta galmada|astaamaha galmada]] ee ugu caansan sanadihii 1950-meeyadii iyo horaantii 1960-yadii waxayna astaan ​​u ahayd [[Kacaanka galmada|kacaankii galmada]] ee waagii hore. Waxay ahayd atariisho sare muddo toban sano ah, filimadeeduna waxay soo xareeyeen $200 milyan (oo u dhiganta $2 bilyan 2020) [[Geerida Marilyn Monroe|markay dhimatay]] 1962.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/archives/la-me-marilyn-monroe-19620806-story.html &quot;Marilyn Monroe Dies; Pills Blamed&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt; Muddo dheer dhimashadeeda ka dib, waxay sii ahaanaysaa astaanta weyn ee [[Dhaqanka caanka ah|dhaqanka pop-ka]].&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChapman2001|Chapman 2001]], pp. 542–543; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFHall2006|Hall 2006]], p. 468.&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 1999, Machadka Filimada Mareykanka ayaa Monroe kaalinta lixaad kaga jira [[Machadka Filimada Maraykanka 100 Sano...100 Xidig|liistada halyeeyada shaashadda dumarka ugu weyn laga soo bilaabo Da'da Dahabiga ah ee Hollywood]].

Ka dib doorar yar yar oo taxane ah, waxay la saxiixatay [[20th Century Studios|Fox]] dabayaaqadii 1950. Labada sano ee soo socota, waxay noqotay atariisho caan ah oo door ku leh filimo dhowr ah, oo ay ku jiraan [[As Young as You Feel|''As Young as You Feel'']], ''[[Monkey Business]]'', ''[[Clash by Night]]'' iyo ''[[Don't Bother to Knock]]''. Fadeexad ayay la kulantay markii la ogaaday in ay sawir qaawan ka gashay ka hor intii ayna xidig noqon balse sheekadu waxba uma dhimin shaqadeeda taas badalkeedana waxay keentay xiisaha filimadeeda.

Sannadkii 1953-kii, Monroe waxa uu ahaa mid ka mid ah xiddigaha [[Hollywood]]-ka ee suuqa ugu badan; Waxay door hoggaamineed ku lahayd ''[[Niagara]]'', oo si bareer ah ugu tiirsanayd rafcaankeeda galmoodka, iyo majaajilada ''[[Gentlemen Prefer Blondes]]'' iyo ''[[How to Marry a Millionaire]]'', taas oo u dejisay muuqaalkeeda xiddigta sida &quot;naag [[timo cadaalad]] leh&quot;. Isla sanadkaas, sawirradeeda qaawan ayaa loo isticmaalay sidii udub dhexaadka iyo daboolka cadadka ugu horreeya ee Playboy. Waxay kaalin mug leh ku lahayd abuurista iyo maaraynta sumcadeeda guud intii ay ku jirtay shaqadeeda, laakiin way niyad jabtay markii ay istuudiyaha mushahar yar ka qaadan jirtay. Waxaa si kooban shaqada looga joojiyay horraantii 1954-tii markii ay diiday mashruuc filim laakiin waxa ay ku soo laabatay xiddigeeda ''[[The Seven Year Itch]]'' (1955), mid ka mid ah guulaha ugu waa weyn ee shaqadeeda.

Markii istuudiyaha uu weli ka caga jiidayo inuu beddelo qandaraaska Monroe, waxay aasaastay shirkaddeeda filim soo saarista 1954. Waxay u heellan tahay 1955 si ay u dhisto shirkadda waxayna bilowday inay wax ka barato istuudiyaha [[Lee Strasberg]] [[Actors Studio]]. Kadib sanadkaas, Fox waxay ku abaalmarisay qandaraas cusub, kaas oo siisay xakameyn dheeraad ah iyo mushahar weyn. Dooraheedii xigay waxaa ka mid ahaa jilid si weyn loogu amaanay goobta ''[[Bus Stop]]'' (1956) iyo filimkeedii ugu horreeyay ee madax-bannaan [[The Prince and the Showgirl|''The Prince and the Showgirl'']] (1957). Waxay ku guulaysatay [[abaalmarinta Golden Globe]] doorkeeda ee ''[[Some Like It Hot]]'' (1959), guul muhiim ah iyo ganacsi. Filimkeedii ugu dambeeyay ee la dhammaystiray wuxuu ahaa ''[[The Misfits]]'' (1961).

Nolosha gaarka ah ee dhibka badan ee Monroe waxay heshay dareen badan. Waxay la daalaa dhacaysay [[Balwad|qabatinka]] iyo [[Khalkhalka niyadda|niyad-jabka]]. Guurkeedii ay la yeelatay xiddigii baseball-ka [[Joe DiMaggio]] iyo riwaayad-yaqaan [[Arthur Miller]] ayaa si heersare ah loo dacaayadeeyay, labadooduba waxay ku dhammaadeen furriin. Agoosto 4, 1962, waxay ku dhimatay da'da 36 jir xad dhaafka oo [[barbiturate]] gurigeeda [[Los Angeles]]. Dhimashadeeda ayaa lagu xukumay inay tahay mid is dishay.

== Shaqo ==

=== 1926–1943: Caruurnimada iyo guurka 1aad ===
[[File:Marilyn_monroe_as_an_infant_brightened.jpg|alt=Monroe as an infant, wearing a white dress and sitting on a sheepskin rug|right|thumb|Monroe ilmo ahaan , {{circa|1927}}]]
Monroe waxay ku dhalatay Norma Jeane Mortenson isbitaalka Los Angeles County Hospital ee Los Angeles, Kalifornia.&lt;ref&gt;[https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001 Spoto 2001], pp. 3, 13–14; [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012 Banner 2012], p. 13.&lt;/ref&gt;  Hooyadeed, Gladys Pearl Baker, waxay ka dhalatay qoys sabool ah oo u soo haajiray Kaliforniya bilowgii qarniga.&lt;ref&gt;[https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001 Spoto 2001], pp. 9–10; [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe#CITEREFRollyson2014 Rollyson 2014], pp. 26–29.&lt;/ref&gt;  Markay 15 jir ahayd, hooyadeed waxay guursatay John Newton Baker, oo ah nin xadgudub badan. Waxay lahaayeen laba caruur ah oo magacyadooda la kala yiraahdo Robert (1917–1933) and Berniece (d. 1919).&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 7–9; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], p. 19.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay si guul leh ku xareysay furiin waxayna gacanta ku haysay 1923, laakiin Baker wuxuu afduubay caruurta wax yar kadib wuxuuna ula dhaqaaqay Kentucky.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], p. 9; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], p. 20; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFLeaming1998|Leaming 1998]], pp. 52–53.&lt;/ref&gt; Monroe looma sheegin inay walaalo leedahay ilaa ay ka gaadhay 12 jir, waxayna la kulantay Berniece markii ugu horaysay iyadoo weyn.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], p. 88, ; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], p. 72, &lt;/ref&gt; Furniinka kadib, Gladys wuxuu ka shaqeeyey Warshadaha Filimada Iskujira.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], p. 150,; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 24–25.&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 1924, waxay guursatay Martin Edward Mortensen, laakiin waxay kala tageen bilo uun kadib waxayna kala tageen 1928.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Aqoonsiga aabbaha Monroe lama yaqaan, waxayna inta badan u isticmaashay Baker magaceeda.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 17, 57.&lt;/ref&gt;

In kasta oo Gladys maskax ahaan iyo dhaqaale ahaanba aan u diyaarsaneyn ilmo, Monroe yaraantiisii ​​waxay ahayd mid deggan oo faraxsan.  Gladys waxay gabadheeda la gelisay waalidiinta korinta waalidkood ee diinta kiristaanka ah ee Albert iyo Ida Bolender eeHawthorne; iyaduna halkaas ayey ku nooleyd lixdii bilood ee ugu horreysay, ilaa ay ku qasabtay inay dib ugu soo laabato magaalada shaqo darteed.  Kadib waxay bilawday inay booqato gabadheeda dhamaadka usbuuca.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|pp=155–156}} Ka dib dhowr bilood oo uu ku sugnaa guri nasasho, Gladys waxaa loo ballanqaaday Isbitaalka Gobolka Metropolitan. Nolosheeda inta ka hartay waxay ku qaadatay gudaha iyo banaanka isbitaalada si dhif ahna ayey ula xiriiri jirtay Monroe
[[File:Monroe_and_James_Dougherty.jpg|left|thumb|Monroe iyo ninkeeda koowaad, James Dougherty, ''c.'' 1943–44.  Waxay is guursadeen iyadoo 16 jir ah.]]
Afarta sano ee soo socota, xaaladda nololeed ee Monroe inta badan way is beddeshay.  16-kii bilood ee ugu horreeyay, waxay sii waday inay la noolaato Atkinsons, waxaana lagu xadgudbay galmo inta lagu jiro waqtigan. Had iyo jeer gabar xishood badan, hadda iyadu sidoo kale waxay sameysay turunturoon waxayna noqotay mid laga laabto.{{sfn|Banner|2012|pp=27, 54–73}} Xagaagii 1935, waxay muddo kooban la joogtay Grace iyo ninkeeda Erwin &quot;Doc&quot; Goddard iyo laba qoys oo kale,{{sfn|Banner|2012|pp=47–48}}  iyo bishii Sebtember, Grace waxay ku meeleeysay Guriga Agoonta ee Los Angeles.  Xarunta agoonta waxay ahayd &quot;xarun lagu daydo&quot; waxaana si wanaagsan ugu qeexay asxaabteeda, laakiin Monroe waxay dareentay in laga tagay.{{sfn|Banner|2012|pp=60–63}}

Waxaa ku dhiirigaliyay shaqaalaha xarunta agoonta oo u maleeyay in Monroe ay ku faraxsanaan doonto la noolaanshaha qoys, Grace waxay noqotay ilaaliyeheeda sharciga sanadkii 1936, laakiin kama aysan saarin xarunta agoonta ilaa xagaagii 1937.   Joogitaanka labaad ee Monroe ee Goddards wuxuu socday dhowr bilood oo keliya maxaa yeelay Doc ayaa kufsatay iyada;{{sfn|Banner|2012|pp=62–64}}  ka dib waxay la noolayd muddo kooban ehelkeeda iyo Grace saaxiibbadeed iyo qaraabadeedii ku kala sugnaa Los Angeles iyo Compton.  Waxay ahayd waaya-aragnimadii carruurnimada ee markii ugu horreysay ku kaliftay iyada inay noqoto jilaa: &quot;Ma jeclayn adduunka igu wareegsan maxaa yeelay wuxuu ahaa nooc Jinx ah [...] Markii aan maqlay in tani ay jileyso, waxaan iri waa waxa aan doonayo  in aan noqdo [...] Qaar ka mid ah qoysaskeyga koriya ayaa ii soo diri jiray si aan u daawado filimada si ay guriga iiga saaraan halkaasna waxaan fadhiisan jiray habeen iyo maalinba. Horta, waxaa jira shaashad weyn, ilmo yar oo keligiis ah, waana jeclaaday.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2007/sep/14/greatinterviews|title=Great interviews of the 20th century: &quot;When you're famous you run into human nature in a raw kind of way&quot;|work=[[The Guardian]]|publisher=[[Guardian Media Group]]|date=September 14, 2007|access-date=October 21, 2015|first=Richard|last=Meryman|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104070748/http://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2007/sep/14/greatinterviews|archive-date=November 4, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Monroe waxay guri joogto ah ka heshay bishii Sebtember 1938, markay bilawday inay la noolaato eedadeed Grace, Ana Lower, oo ku taal Sawtelle.  Waxay ka diiwaangashanayd Dugsiga Sare ee Emerson Junior waxayna u tagtay toddobaadle adeegyada Christian Science oo ay la socoto Hoose.  Monroe haddii kale wuxuu ahaa arday dhexdhexaad ah, laakiin wuxuu ku fiicnaaday qoraalka wuxuuna wax ku darsaday wargeyska dugsiga.{{sfn|Banner|2012|pp=73–76}}  Dhibaatooyinka caafimaad ee waayeelka Hoose awgeed, Monroe wuxuu ku soo noqday inuu la noolaado Goddards-ka Van Nuys horraantii 1941.  Isla sanadkaas, waxay bilowday inay dhigato Dugsiga Sare ee Van Nuys.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=67–69}}  1942, shirkadii ka shaqeysay Doc Goddard ayaa u wareejisay West Virginia.  Sharciyada ilaalinta caruurta ee Kaalifoorniya ayaa ka hor istaagay Goddards inay ka qaadaan gobolka Monroe gobolka, waxayna la kulantay inay ku noqoto xarunta agoonta.{{sfn|Banner|2012|pp=86–90}} Xal ahaan, waxay guursatay wiilkooda deriska ah wiil 21 jir ah, James Dougherty, bishii Juun 19, 1942, wax yar uun ka dib dhalashadeedii 16aad.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=70–75}} Monroe markii dambe wuxuu ka baxay dugsiga sare wuxuuna noqday xaas guri-joog ah. Waxay is aragtay iyada iyo Dougherty oo aan is khaldin waxayna markii dambe sheegtay inay &quot;dareemayso caajis&quot; mudadaas.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=70–78}} Sannadkii 1943, Dougherty wuxuu iska qortay Maraakiibta Ganacsiga iyo Jasiiradda Santa Katalina wax saldhig u ahaa, Meeshii Monroe isaga la rartay.

=== 1944–1948: doorarka filimka ugu horeeya ===
[[File:MarilynMonroe_-_YankArmyWeekly.jpg|alt=Portrait of Monroe aged 20, taken at the Radioplane Munitions Factory|left|thumb|Sawir ahaan Conover of Monroe oo ka socda Shirkadda Radioplane bartamihii-1944]]
Bishii Abriil 1944, Dougherty waxaa loo diray Baasifigga, wuxuuna halkaas sii joogi doonaa inta badan labada sano ee soo socota.  Monroe wuu dhaqaaqay oo wuxuu shaqo ka bilaabay Radioplane Company, oo ah warshad wax qarisa oo ku taal Van Nuys.  waxay ka tagtay ka shaqaynta warshada bishii Janaayo 1945 waxayna bilawday inay u shaqayso kor u qaadista Conover iyo asxaabtiisa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Yank USA 1945|url=http://www.wartimepress.com/archives.asp?TID=YANK%20USA%201943&amp;MID=YANK%20-%20USA%20Edition&amp;q=357&amp;FID=42|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807072009/http://www.wartimepress.com/archives.asp?TID=YANK%20USA%201943&amp;MID=YANK%20-%20USA%20Edition&amp;q=357&amp;FID=42|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 7, 2017|publisher=Wartime Press|access-date=January 13, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Iyaga oo iska difaacaya ninkeeda la hawlgaliyay, kaligeed ayay dhaqaaqday waxayna heshiis la saxiixatay Blue Book Model Agency bishii Ogosto 1943.{{sfn|Banner|2012|pp=103–104}}

Hay'addu waxay u aragtay in quruxda Monroe ay ku habboon tahay joornaalada iyada oo inta badan lagu soo bandhigi jiray xayeysiinta iyo joornaalada ragga.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=95–107}}  Si ay ugu badato shaqaalaynta, waxay toosisay timaheeda wayna midabaysay.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 93–95; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 105–108&lt;/ref&gt;  Sida laga soo xigtay Emmeline Snively, milkiilaha wakaaladda, Monroe waxay si dhakhso leh u noqotay mid ka mid ah moodooyinka ugu hami iyo dadaal badan;  horaantii 1946, waxay ka soo muuqatay 33 joornaal joornaal sida ''Pageant'', ''Camera'', ''Laff'', iyo ''Peek''.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], p. 95,; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], p. 109, &lt;/ref&gt; Monroe waxay mararka qaar isticmaali jirtay magaca Jean Norman.

Iyada oo loo marayo Snively, Monroe wuxuu qandaraas la saxiixday hay'ad ku-meel-gaar ah Juun 1946.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=110–111}}  Ka dib wareysi aan guuleysan oo ka socda Paramount Pictures, waxaa fursad siiyay Ben Lyon, oo ah fuliyaha 20th Century-Fox.  Qandaraaska Monroe wuxuu bilaabmay bishii Ogast 1946, iyada iyo Lyon waxay xusheen magaca masraxa &quot;Marilyn Monroe&quot;.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=112–114}}  Magaca koowaad waxaa qaatay Lyon, oo xasuusisay atariishada Marilyn Miller;  magaca ugu dambeeya wuxuu ahaa Monroe hooyadiis magaca gabadha.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=114}}  Bishii Sebtember 1946, waxay furtay Dougherty, oo ka soo horjeedday shaqadeeda atariisho.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=109}}
[[File:Marilyn_Monroe_postcard.JPG|alt=A smiling Monroe sitting on a beach and leaning back on her arms. She is wearing a bikini and wedge sandals.|thumb|Monroe ''c.'' 1945]]
Monroe waxay lixdii bilood ee ugu horreysay ku qaadatay Fox barashada jilitaanka, heesaha, iyo qoob ka ciyaarka, iyo u kuurgalida hannaanka filim sameynta.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 118–120; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 130–131.&lt;/ref&gt; Qandaraaskeeda waxaa dib loo cusbooneysiiyay Febraayo 1947, waxaana la siiyay doorkeedii ugu horreeyay ee filim ''[[Dangerous Years]]'' (1947) iyo ''[[Scudda Hoo! Scudda Hay!]]'' (1948).{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=120–121}}  Istuudiyaha ayaa sidoo kale ka diiwaangaliyay Tiyaatarka Sheybaarka Jilayaasha, oo ah iskuul jilitaan.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=122–126}} Macallimiinteedu waxay dareemeen inay xishood badan tahay isla markaana aysan kalsooni ku qabin inay mustaqbal ku yeelato jilitaanka, Fox-na ma aysan cusbooneysiinin qandaraaskeeda Ogosto 1947.  Waxay ku laabatay qaabeynta iyadoo waliba shaqooyin aan caadi aheyn mararka qaar ka qaban jirtay istuudiyaha filimada, sida inay ka shaqeyso qoob ka ciyaarka gadaashiisa si ay hogaanka ugu hayso dhibcaha muusikada.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 120–121, 126; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], p. 133.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iyadu door yar bay ku lahayd riwaayaddii ''Glamour'' ee laga doorbiday Tiyaatarka Bliss-Hayden, laakiin waxay ku dhammaatay waxqabadyo yar ka dib.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 122–129; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], p. 133.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 130–133; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 133–144.&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay noqotay saaxiib iyo marmar lammaane galmo ee madaxa Fox Joseph M. Schenck, oo u sheegay saaxiibkiis Harry Cohn, madaxa fulinta ee Columbia Pictures, inuu u saxiixo bishii Maarso 1948.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], pp. 204–216, [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 141–144; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 133–134.&lt;/ref&gt;

Kolumbia, Monroe waxaa laga soo qaatay Rita Hayworth oo iyaduna leh timo midab leh.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], p. 139; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 133–134.&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay bilowday inay la shaqeyso tababaraha istuudiyaha, Natasha Lytess, oo sii ahaan doonta la-taliyeheeda illaa 1955.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=133–134}} Filimkeeda kaliya ee istuudiyaha ahaa wuxuu ahaa miisaaniyad yar ''[[Ladies of the Chorus]]'' (1948),  taas oo ay ku lahayd doorkeedii ugu horreeyay ee gabadh ah oo uu u hanqal taagayo nin maalqabeen ah.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=59}}  Waxay sidoo kale lagu wadaa inay door hoggaamineed ka qaadato ''Born Yesterday'' (1950), laakiin qandaraaskeeda lama cusboonaysiin bishii Sebtember 1948.{{sfn|Banner|2012|p=148}} ''Ladies of the Chorus'' waa la sii daayay bishii xigta oo aan lagu guuleysan.{{sfn|Summers|1985|p=43}}

=== 1949–1952: sanadaha guusha ===
[[File:Marilyn_Monroe_Asphalt_Jungle.jpg|alt=Monroe in ''The Asphalt Jungle''. She is wearing a black dress and stands in a doorway, facing a man wearing a trench coat and a fedora|left|thumb|Monroe filimka''[[The Asphalt Jungle]]'' (1950)]]
Markii ay dhammaatay qandaraaskeedii ay kula jirtay Kolumbia, Monroe waxay mar kale ku soo laabatay qaabeynta. Waxay u toogatay ganacsi loogu talagalay biirka Pabst waxayna u muuqatay qaawan kalandarka John Baumgarth (iyadoo isticmaaleysa magaca 'Mona Monroe').{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=151–153}} Waxyar ka dib markay ka tagtay Columbia, waxay sidoo kale la kulantay oo noqotay sayidad Johnny Hyde, madaxweyne ku xigeenka Wakaaladda William Morris.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 145–146; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 149, 157.&lt;/ref&gt;  Hyde awgeed, Monroe door yar ayuu ku lahaa dhowr filim,{{efn|Marka laga soo tago ''All About Eve'' iyo ''The Asphalt Jungle'', Filimadii Monroe ee 1950 waxay ahaayeen ''Love Happy'', ''A Ticket to Tomahawk'', ''Right Cross'' iyo ''The Fireball''. ''Home Town Story'' (1951).}} oo ay ku jiraan laba filim oo si weyn loo amaanay: ''All About Eve'' (1950) iyo ''[[The Asphalt Jungle]]'' (1950).{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|pp=59–60}}  In kasta oo ay shaashaddeeda daqiiqado kooban ku jirtay filimaanta, haddana waxa ay caan ku noqotay ''[[Photoplay]]'' oo sida uu sheegayo taariikh-yaqaankii hore ee Donald Spoto &quot;si wax ku ool ah ayuu uga guuray moodelkii filimka oo wuxuu u wareegay atariisho halis ah&quot;.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=159–162}} Bishii Diseembar 1950, Hyde wuxuu kala xaajooday Monroe qandaraas toddobo sano ah qarnigii 20-aad-Fox.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFRieseHitchens1988|Riese &amp; Hitchens 1988]], p. 228; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], p. 182.&lt;/ref&gt;  Hyde wuxuu u dhintay wadno xanuun maalmo un kadib, taas oo xasuuqday Monroe.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 175–177; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], p. 157.&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 1951, Monroe wuxuu ku lahaa doorar kaalmo seddex filim oo si dhexdhexaad ah ugu guuleystey Fox: ''[[As Young as You Feel]]'', ''[[Love Nest]]'', iyo ''[[Let's Make It Legal]]''.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=60}}  Caan ka noqoshada dhagaystayaasha ayaa sidoo kale sii kordheysay: waxay heshay dhowr kun oo waraaqo taageerayaal ah usbuucii, waxaana ku dhawaaqay &quot;Miss Cheesecake ee 1951&quot; by wargeyska ciidanka ee ''Stars and Stripes'', taas oo ka tarjumeysa dookha askarta ee Dagaalkii Kuuriya. Bishii Febraayo 1952, Ururka Saxaafadda Dibadda ee Hollywood ayaa u magacaabay Monroe &quot;shaqsiyadda ugu wanaagsan ee dhallinta&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;gg&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.goldenglobes.com/articles/marilyn-globes-golden-girl|title=Marilyn: The Globes' Golden Girl|publisher=[[Hollywood Foreign Press Association]] (HFPA)|access-date=September 11, 2015|first=Yoram|last=Kahana|date=January 30, 2014|archive-date=Bisha Saddexaad 12, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312030100/http://www.goldenglobes.com/articles/marilyn-globes-golden-girl|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Nolosheeda gaarka ah, Monroe waxay xiriir gaaban la yeelatay agaasime Elia Kazan sidoo kale waxay si kooban ula jirtay dhowr nin oo kale, oo ay ku jiraan agaasime Nicholas Ray iyo jilayaasha Yul Brynner iyo Peter Lawford.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 180–181; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 163–167, 181–182.&lt;/ref&gt;  Horaantii 1952, waxay bilawday jacayl si heer sare ah loo soo bandhigey oo ay la yeelatay xiddigga baseball-ka ee howlgabnimada ka noqday New York Yankees Joe DiMaggio, oo ka mid ah shaqsiyaadka ugu caansan isboortiga xilligan.
[[File:Monroe_in_Don't_Bother_to_Knock_(1952).jpg|alt=Monroe, wearing a transparent lace robe and diamond earrings, sitting at a dressing table and looking off-camera with a shocked expression|right|thumb|Monroe ''[[Don't Bother to Knock]]'' (1952)]]
Monroe waxay isku aragtay bartamaha fadeexad bishii Maarso 1952, markay si cad u shaacisay inay u muuqatay jadwal qaawan sanadkii 1949.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSummers1985|Summers 1985]], p. 58; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 210–213&lt;/ref&gt;  Istuudiyaha ayaa wax ka bartay sawirrada iyo in si guud loogu xanto inay tahay moodel toddobaadyo ka hor, iyadoo ay weheliso Monroe waxay go'aansadeen in si looga fogaado in waxyeello loo gaadho xirfaddeeda ay fiicnaan lahayd in loo oggolaado iyada oo la leeyahay iyada ayaaba liidata waqtigaas iyo  u baahday lacagta sawirada.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 210–213; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], pp. 224–226; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 194–195.&lt;/ref&gt;  Taasi waxay ka dhigtay inay ka hesho naxariis dadweynaha iyo xiisaha kordhay ee filimadeeda, oo ay hadda ku heleyso mushaar sare. Kadib fadeexadii, Monroe waxaa lagu soo bandhigay daboolka Life sida &quot;Hadalka Hollywood&quot; iyo qoraaga xanta Hedda Hopper wuxuu ku dhawaaqay &quot;boqoradda farmaajo&quot; waxay u jeesatay &quot;guulaha xafiiska.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1952/05/04/page/103/article/they-call-her-the-blowtorch-blonde|title=They Call Her The Blowtorch Blonde|work=Chicago Tribune|date=May 4, 1952|access-date=October 18, 2015|first=Hedda|last=Hopper|author-link=Hedda Hopper|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 21, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121135919/http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1952/05/04/page/103/article/they-call-her-the-blowtorch-blonde/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Fox waxay sii deysay seddex filim oo Monroe ah -''[[Clash by Night]]'', [[Don't Bother to Knock|''Don't Bother to Knock'']] iyo [[We're Not Married!|''We're Not Married!'']] - wax yar ka dib si ay uga faa'iidaysato danta dadweynaha.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 210–213; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], pp. 61–62, 224–226; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 194–195.&lt;/ref&gt;

In kasta oo caannimadeeda cusubi ay u tahay [[Astaan ​​galmo|astaan ​​jinsi]], Monroe sidoo kale waxay rajeyneysay inay muujiso wax badan oo ka mid ah jilitaankeeda.  Waxay bilawday inay la qaadato casharo jilayaal ah Michael Chekhov iyo Lotte Goslar waxyar kadib markay bilowday qandaraaska Fox,&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 188–189; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 170–171, 178&lt;/ref&gt; iyo ''Clash by Night'' iyo ''Don’t Brother to Knock'' waxay ku muujisay doorarro kala duwan.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=194–195}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/50452|title=Clash By Night|publisher=[[American Film Institute]]|access-date=August 8, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=196–197}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://variety.com/1951/film/reviews/don-t-bother-to-knock-1200417267/|title=Review: Don't Bother to Knock|date=December 31, 1951|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]]|access-date=August 8, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Monroe_and_Andes_in_Clash_By_Night.jpg|left|thumb|Keith Andes iyo Monroe ee ''Clash by Night'' (1952). Filimku wuxuu u oggolaaday Monroe inay soo bandhigto wax badan oo ka mid ah jilitaankeeda doorka cajiibka ah.]]
Monroe seddexdii filim ee kale ee 1952 waxay ku sii waday iyada doorka majaajillada oo diiradda saareysa racfaankeeda galmo.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=200}}  Howard Hawks filimka ''Monkey Business'', oo ay ku jileysay ka soo horjeedka Cary Grant, waxay ku matashay xogheyn &quot;carrab la', caruur, aan waxba galabsan oo aan ka warqabin dhibaatada ay u leedahay galmo iyada ku xeeran&quot;.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=62}} Waxay ku laheys ''Full House O. Henry'' door yar shaqaale galmo.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=62}}{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=224–225}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1952/10/19/page/103/article/marilyn-monroe-tells|title=Marilyn Monroe Tells: How to Deal With Wolves|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=October 19, 1952|access-date=October 18, 2015|first=Florabel|last=Muir|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 21, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121143131/http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1952/10/19/page/103/article/marilyn-monroe-tells|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Muddadan, Monroe waxay ku heshay sumcad inay adag tahay in lala shaqeeyo, taas oo ka sii dari doonta inta ay shaqadeedu socoto.  Inta badan way soo daahday ama kamay soo xaadirin haba yaraatee, ma xasuusato khadadkeeda, waxayna dalban lahayd dhawr dib-u-qaadis ah ka hor intaysan ku qancin waxqabadkeeda.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=238}}{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=139, 195, 233–234, 241, 244, 372}}  Dhibaatooyinka Monroe waxaa loo aaneeyey isku-darnaanta kaamil ahaanta, isku kalsooni-darrada, iyo cabsida masraxa.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 328–329; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], pp. 51–56, 238; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 188–189, 211–214.&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay jeceshahay xakamayn la'aanta ku saabsan filimka mana waligeed la mid ah dhibaatooyin la mid ah intii lagu jiray sawirada sawirada, taas oo ay wax badan ka dhihi laheyd waxqabadkeeda waxayna noqon kartaa mid iskaa wax u qabso ah halkii aad raaci laheyd qoraalka.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 328–329; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], pp. 51–56, 238; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 188–189, 211–214.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;levin&quot; /&gt;{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|pp=257–264}}{{sfn|Banner|2012|pp=189–190, 210–211}}

=== 1953: Caannimada sii kordheysa ===
{{multiple image|align=right|direction=vertical|width=210|caption1=''[[Niagara]]'' (1953), oo ku nooleyd rafcaan galmo|alt1=Monroe in ''Niagara''. A close-up of her face and shoulders; she is wearing gold hoop earrings and a shocking pink top|image1=Marilyn Monroe Niagara.png|image2=Gentlemen Prefer Blondes Movie Trailer Screenshot (34).jpg|caption2=Sameynta heesta ''[[Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend]]'' filimka ''[[Gentlemen Prefer Blondes]]'' (1953)|alt2=Monroe in ''Gentlemen Prefer Blondes''. She is wearing a shocking pink dress with matching gloves and diamond jewelry, and is surrounded by men in tuxedos|image3=Marilyn Monroe and Jane Russell at Chinese Theater 4.jpg|caption3=Monroe iyo [[Jane Russell]]|alt3=|image4=Marilyn Monroe, Betty Grable and Lauren Bacall in How to Marry a Millionaire trailer.jpg|caption4=Monroe, [[Betty Grable]], iyo [[Lauren Bacall]] filimka ''[[How to Marry a Millionaire]]''|alt4=Monroe in ''How to Marry a Millionaire''. She is wearing an orange swimsuit and is seated next to Betty Grable, who is wearing shorts and a shirt, and Lauren Bacall, who is wearing a blue dress.}}Monroe wuxuu jilay seddex filim oo la sii daayay 1953 wuxuuna u soo muuqday astaamo weyn oo jinsi ah iyo mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu bandhiga badan Hollywood.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], p. 221; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], pp. 61–65; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFLev2013|Lev 2013]], p. 168.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;www.quigleypublishing.com Top10_lists&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.quigleypublishing.com/MPalmanac/Top10/Top10_lists.html|title=The 2006 Motion Picture Almanac, Top Ten Money Making Stars|publisher=Quigley Publishing Company|access-date=August 25, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221063625/http://www.quigleypublishing.com/MPalmanac/Top10/Top10_lists.html|archive-date=December 21, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Midka koowaad wuxuu ahaa ''[[Niagara]]'', oo ay ku ciyaaraysa dumar qorsheyneysa inay ninkeeda disho, waxaana ciyaaray Joseph Cotten.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=233}}{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|pp=25, 62}}  Sida laga soo xigtay Sarah Churchwell, Niagara wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah aflaanta galmada ugu cad cad ee xirfadda Monroe.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=62}}  Muuqaallada qaarkood, jirka Monroe waxaa lagu daboolay oo keliya go'yaal ama tuwaal, oo loo arko inuu argagax ku yahay dhagaystayaasha casriga ah.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], p. 62; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 195–196.&lt;/ref&gt;

Markii Niagara la sii daayay Janaayo 1953, naadiyada haweenku waxay uga mudaaharaadeen inay tahay anshax xumo, laakiin waxay caan ku noqotay dhagaystayaasha.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], p. 221; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], p. 205; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFLeaming1998|Leaming 1998]].&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=940DE0DF163FE53ABC4A51DFB7668388649EDE|title=Niagara Falls Vies With Marilyn Monroe|work=The New York Times|date=January 22, 1953|access-date=October 18, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105231428/http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=940DE0DF163FE53ABC4A51DFB7668388649EDE|archive-date=November 5, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://variety.com/1952/film/reviews/niagara-1200417447/|title=Review: 'Niagara'|work=Variety|publisher=Penske Media Corporation|date=December 31, 1952|access-date=October 18, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121060822/http://variety.com/1952/film/reviews/niagara-1200417447/|archive-date=November 21, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Monroe waxay sii waday inay soo jiidato dareenka iyadoo xiraneysa dhar muujinaya, oo ugu caansanaa abaalmarinta Photoplay bishii Janaayo 1953, halkaasoo ay ku guuleysatay abaalmarinta &quot;Xiddiga ugu dhaqsaha badan&quot;. 

Intii ''Niagara'' ay Monroe ka dhigtay astaan ​​galmo oo ay dhistay &quot;muuqaalkeeda&quot;, filimkeedii labaad ee 1953, majaajillada muusikada ''[[Gentlemen Prefer Blondes]].'' Monroe waxay si dhakhso leh u qarinaysay iyada oo ah atariisho rafcaan u noqon karta dhagaystayaasha lab iyo dhedig labadaba.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 219–220; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], p. 177.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://variety.com/1953/film/reviews/gentlemen-prefer-blondes-2-1200417560/|title=Gentlemen Prefer Blondes|work=Variety|publisher=Penske Media Corporation|date=July 1, 1953|access-date=October 18, 2015|first=William|last=Brogdon|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121062432/http://variety.com/1953/film/reviews/gentlemen-prefer-blondes-2-1200417560/|archive-date=November 21, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9B07E0DC173DE23BBC4E52DFB1668388649EDE|title=Gentlemen Prefer Blondes|work=The New York Times|date=July 16, 1953|access-date=October 18, 2015|first=Bosley|last=Crowther|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926154609/http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9B07E0DC173DE23BBC4E52DFB1668388649EDE|archive-date=September 26, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Sebtember, Monroe waxay markii ugu horreysay ka sameysay telefishanka ''Jack Benny Show''.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=250}} Waxay keentay filimkeedii saddexaad ee sanadka, ''[[How to Marry a Millionaire]].''

Jagada Monroe oo ah astaan ​​galmo oo hogaamisa ayaa la xaqiijiyay bishii Diseembar 1953, markii [[Hugh Hefner]] ay ku soo bandhigtay iyada daboolka iyo sidii xarunta dhexe ee cadadkii ugu horeeyay ee ''[[Playboy]]'';  Monroe ma oggolaan daabacaadda.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=217}}{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=217}}

=== 1954–1955: ===
{{multiple image|align=left|direction=vertical|width=180|image1=Monroe DiMaggio Wedding.jpg|width1=|caption1=Joe DiMaggio iyo Monroe ka dib markay ku aqal galeen San Francisco City Hall, Janawari 1954|alt1=Close-up of Monroe and DiMaggio kissing; she is wearing a dark suit with a white fur-collar and he a dark suit|image2=Marilyn Monroe.jpg|width2=|caption2=Monroe Febraayo 1954|alt2=Monroe standing on a podium wearing a tight dress and high-heeled sandals, greeting a crowd of US Marines}}Monroe waxay noqotay mid kamid ah jilayaasha ugu waa weyn qarnigii 20-aad-Fox, laakiin qandaraaskeedu isma badelin ilaa iyo sanadkii 1950, taasoo la micno ah in lasiiyay mushaar aad ugayar marka loo eego jilayaasha kale ee maqaamkeeda oo aan dooran karin mashaariicdeeda.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=68}} {{sfn|Banner|2012|p=217}}

Markay ahayd Janaayo 14, iyada iyo Joe DiMaggio waxay ku aqal galeen Aqalka San Francisco.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=260}}  Kadib waxay u safreen dalka [[Jabaan]], iyagoo isku daraya bisha malab iyo safarkiisa ganacsi .{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=262–263}} Laga soo bilaabo Tokyo, waxay keligeed u safartay Kuuriya, halkaas oo ay ka qayb gashay bandhigga Ururada Adeegga Midoobey, iyagoo heeso heeso ah ka qaadaya filimadooda in ka badan 60,000 US Marines muddo afar maalmood ah.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=241}}  Markii ay ku soo laabatay Mareykanka, waxaa la siiyay abaalmarinta ''Photoplay'' &quot;Jilaa Dumarka ugu Caansan&quot;.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=267}}  Monroe waxay la degtay Fox bishii Maarso, iyadoo loo balanqaaday qandaraas cusub, gunno ah $ 100,000, iyo door oo filimka ''[[The Seven Year Itch]]''.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=271}}

Bishii Abriil 1954, ''River of No Return'', filimkii ugu dambeeyay ee Monroe duubay kahor xayiraadda, ayaa la sii daayay. {{sfn|Churchwell|2004|pp=66–67}}
[[File:Marilyn_Monroe_photo_pose_Seven_Year_Itch.jpg|alt=Monroe is posing for photographers, wearing a white halterneck dress, which hem is blown up by air from a subway grate on which she is standing.|thumb|Monroe inta filim duubaya muuqaal loogu talagalay ''[[The Seven Year Itch]]'']]
Bishii Sebtember 1954, Monroe wuxuu bilaabay duubista ''[[The Seven Year Itch]]'', oo ay la jileyso Tom Ewell haweeney noqotey shayga dabeecadda galmada ee deriskeeda guursaday.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=283–284}} Goobta &quot;Subway grate&quot; ayaa noqotay mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu caansan Monroe iyo Toddoba Sano Cuncun ayaa noqotay mid ka mid ah guulaha ganacsi ee ugu weynaa sanadka ka dib markii la sii daayay bishii Juun 1955.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=331}}

Muuqaalka faafitaanka ayaa Monroe saaray bogagga hore ee caalamiga, waxayna sidoo kale calaamad u ahayd dhammaadkii guurkeedii DiMaggio, oo ay ka xanaaqday.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 284–285; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 8–9.&lt;/ref&gt; Labada lamaane ayaa dhib kala kulmay aktarada maseyrkiisa iyo dabeecadiisa xakameynta; sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa mid jidh dil badan.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 208, 222–223, 262–267, 292; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], pp. 243–245; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFBanner2012|Banner 2012]], pp. 204, 219–221.&lt;/ref&gt;  Ka dib markii uu ka soo laabtay NYC kuna soo noqday Hollywood bishii Oktoobar 1954, Monroe wuxuu dalbaday furiin, ka dib sagaal bilood oo kaliya oo uu is qabay.

Monroe waxay sheegtay inay ka &quot;daashay doorka isku jinsiga ah&quot; waxayna cadeysay inaysan hada qandaraas kula jirin Fox, maadaama aysan gudan waajibaadkii loo igmaday, sida inay siisay gunadii loo balan qaaday.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=302–303}} Tani waxay bilaabatay dagaal sharciyeed socday muddo sanad ah oo u dhaxeeyay iyada iyo Fox bishii Janaayo 1955.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=301–302}}{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=338}}
[[File:Monroe_Actors_Studio.jpg|alt=Monroe, who is wearing a skirt, blouse and jacket, standing below a sign for the Actors Studio looking up towards it|left|thumb|Monroe]]
Kadib markii ay aasaastay shirkaddeeda MMP, Monroe waxay u guurtay Manhattan waxayna ku qaadatay 1955 barashada jilitaanka. Waxay la qaadatay fasalo Constance Collier waxayna ka qaybgashay aqoon isweydaarsiyo ku saabsan habka wax looga qabanayo Actors Studio, oo uu maamulo Lee Strasberg.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=302}} Waxay ku soo dhowaatay Strasberg iyo xaaskiisa Paula, iyagoo casharo gaar ah ku qaata gurigooda xishoodkeeda awgiis, waxayna isla markiiba noqotay xubin qoys.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=327}} Waxay ku bedeshay tababaraheedii kumeelgaarka ahaa, Natasha Lytess, Paula;  Strasbergs waxay ahaan jirtay saameyn muhiim ah inta ka hartay xirfadeeda.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=350}} {{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=310–313}}

Dhamaadka sanadka, Monroe iyo Fox waxay saxiixeen qandaraas cusub oo toddobo sano ah, maadaama MMP aysan awoodin inay kaligood maalgaliso filimada, istudiyaha-na wuxuu rabay inuu Monroe markale u shaqeeyo iyaga.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=301–302}} Fox ayaa siin doonta $ 400,000 si ay afar filim ugu sameyso, waxayna xaq u siisay inay doorato mashaariicdeeda, agaasimayaasha iyo sawir qaadayaasha.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=339–340}} Waxay sidoo kale xor u noqon laheyd inay sameyso hal filim oo MMP ah filim kasta oo dhameystiran oo loogu talagalay Fox.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=339–340}}

=== 1956–1959: Mahadnaq halis ah iyo guurka Arthur Miller ===
Monroe waxay ku bilaabatay 1956 iyadoo ku dhawaaqday guushii ay ka gaadhay 20th Century-Fox.{{sfn|Banner|2012|pp=296–297}} Saxaafadda ayaa hada sifiican wax uga qortay go'aankeeda ku aadan la dagaalanka istuudiyaha; ''[[Majladda Time|Time]]'' wuxuu ugu yeeray &quot;ganacsade xariif ah&quot;{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=341}}{{sfn|Banner|2012|pp=296–297}}{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=343–345}}

Bishii Maarso, Monroe waxay bilowday duubista riwaayadda ''[[Bus Stop]]'', filimkeedii ugu horreeyay ee qandaraaska cusub.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=345}} Waxay u garaacday Chérie, oo ah heesaa saloon ah oo riyadeeda xiddigta ay ku adkaatay wiil yar oo cowboy ah oo jacayl u qaba iyada.  Doorka, waxay baratay lahjad Ozark ah, waxay dooratay dharka iyo qurxinta oo aan lahayn soo jiidashada filimadeeda hore, waxayna si ula kac ah u siisay hees iyo qoob ka ciyaar.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=352–357}} Agaasime Joshua Logan ayaa ogolaaday inuu jiheeyo, inkasta oo uu markii hore ka shakiyay waxqabadkeeda jilitaanka isla markaana uu ogaa sumcadeeda inay ku adag tahay la shaqaynta.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=352–354}}  Duubista filimku waxay ka dhacday [[Idaho]] and [[Arizona]], iyada oo Monroe &quot;farsamo ahaan mas'uulka ka ah&quot; oo ah madaxa MMP, mararka qaarkoodna go'aan ka gaadho shaleemooyinka iyo iyada oo Logan la qabsanaysa daahitaankeeda joogtada ah iyo kaamil ahaanta.  Khibraddu waxay bedeshay fikradda Logan ee Monroe, markii dambena wuxuu la barbar dhigay iyada [[Charlie Chaplin]] awooddeeda isku-darka majaajilada iyo musiibada.{{sfn|Banner|2012|p=254}}
[[File:Monroe_Miller_Wedding.jpg|alt=Cropped photo of Monroe and Miller cutting the cake at their wedding. Her veil is lifted from her face and he is wearing a white shirt with a dark tie.|left|thumb|Monroe iyo Arthur Miller arooskoodii bishii Juun 1956]]
Bishii Juun 29, Monroe iyo Miller waxay ku aqal galeen Maxkamadda Westchester County ee White Plains, New York; laba maalmood ka dib waxay xaflad [[Yuhuuda|Yuhuud]] ah ku qabteen guriga Kay Brown, wakiilka suugaanta Miller, ee Waccabuc, New York.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=364–365}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Marilyn Monroe's Westchester Wedding; Plus, More County Questions And Answers|date=November 2014|first=Tom|last=Schreck|work=[[Westchester Magazine]]|url=https://www.westchestermagazine.com/Westchester-Magazine/November-2014/Marilyn-Monroes-Westchester-Wedding-Plus-More-County-Questions-And-Answers/|access-date=May 17, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190517063630/http://www.westchestermagazine.com//Westchester-Magazine/November-2014/Marilyn-Monroes-Westchester-Wedding-Plus-More-County-Questions-And-Answers|archive-date=May 17, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Guurka gudihiisa, Monroe wuxuu isu beddelay diinta Yuhuudda, taas oo horseedday Masar inay mamnuucdo dhammaan filimadeeda.{{sfn|Meyers|2010|pp=156–157}}

''Bus Stop'' waxaa la sii daayay Ogosto 1956 wuxuuna noqday guul muhiim ah iyo ganacsi.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSpoto2001|Spoto 2001]], pp. 358–359; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], p. 69.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=358}} Waxay sidoo kale heshay abaalmarin dahab ah oo loogu talagalay magacaabista aktarada ugu fiican waxqabadkeeda.&lt;ref name=&quot;gg&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Laurence_Olivier_and_Marilyn_Monroe_Prince_and_the_Showgirl_1957.jpg|alt=Close-up of smiling Monroe and Laurence Olivier, cheek-to-cheek. She is wearing long diamond earrings.|thumb|Laurence Olivier iyo Monroe intii lagu jiray shir jaraa'id oo ay ku dhawaaqayeen mashruucooda wadajirka ah, ''[[The Prince and the Showgirl]]'' (1957)]]
Bishii Ogosto, Monroe wuxuu sidoo kale bilaabay duubista wax soosaarkii ugu horreeyay ee madax-bannaan ee MMP, ''[[The Prince and the Showgirl]]'', oo ka socda Pinewood Studios ee England.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=372}} Laurence Olivier, oo iyadu sidoo kale agaasime ka ahayd isla markaana matalay masraxa masraxa, ayaa ka xanaajisay hadalkii ay ku oraneyso ee ah &quot;Waxa kaliya ee ay tahay inaad sameyso waa galmo&quot;, iyada oo dalabkiisa ay ku celcelinayso fasiraadda masraxa [[Vivien Leigh]] ee dabeecadd. sidoo kale necbahay joogitaanka joogtada ah ee Paula Strasberg, Monroe oo ah ku simaha tababaraha, oo la dhigay.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=370–379}}  Aargudashada, Monroe wuxuu noqday wada shaqeyn la'aan wuxuuna bilaabay inuu si ula kac ah u soo daaho, isagoo gadaal ka sheegaya &quot;hadaadan ixtiraamin fanaaniintaada, si fiican uma shaqeyn karaan.&quot;{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|pp=258–261}}

Monroe sidoo kale waxay la kulantay dhibaatooyin kale intii lagu jiray wax soo saarka.  Ku tiirsanaanta ay ku leedahay dawooyinka ayaa sii kordhay, sida laga soo xigtay Spoto, waxay lahayd dhicis.  Iyada iyo Greene ayaa sidoo kale ku murmay sida loo maamulo MMP. Inkasta oo ay jiraan dhibaatooyin, filimku wuxuu ku dhammaaday jadwalka dhammaadka 1956. ''The Prince and the Showgirl'' waxaa loo siidaayay dib-u-eegis isku dhafan bishii Juun 1957 waxayna muujiyeen in aysan jeclayn dhagaystayaasha Mareykanka.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=69}} Waxay sifiican uga heshay Yurub, halkaas oo lagu siiyay abaalmarinta David di Donatello oo Talyaani ah iyo abaalmarinta Crystal Star abaalmarinta waxaana loo magacaabay BAFTA.{{sfn|Banner|2012|p=346}}

Ka dib markii uu ka soo laabtay England, Monroe wuxuu qaatay 18 bilood oo nasasho ah si uu xoogga u saaro nolosha qoyska.  Iyada iyo Miller waxay waqtigooda u kala qaybiyeen NYC, Connecticut iyo Long Island.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=381–382}} Waxay yeelatay uur-ku-jirta ectopic bartamihii-1957, iyo dhicis sanad kadib;{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=392–393, 406–407}}{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|pp=274–277}}  Monroe sidoo kale isbitaal muddo gaaban ah ayaa loo dhigay sababo la xiriira xad dhaaf xad dhaaf ah.{{sfn|Banner|2012|p=321}} Maaddaama iyada iyo Greene ay xallin kari waayeen khilaafaadkooda ku saabsan MMP, Monroe wuxuu iibsaday qaybtiisa shirkadda.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=389–391}}
[[File:Some_like_it_hot_film_poster.jpg|alt=Monroe, Curtis and Lemmon playing instruments with other musicians in the orchestra|left|thumb|Iyada oo ay weheliyaan Tony Curtis iyo Jack Lemmon oo ka tirsan Billy Wilder filimka ''[[Some Like It Hot]]'' (1959), taas oo ay ugu guuleysatay Golden Globe]]
Monroe wuxuu ku laabtay Hollywood bishii Luulyo 1958 si uu ula jilo Jack Lemmon iyo Tony Curtis filimka majaajillada ah ee Billy Wilder, ''[[Some Like It Hot]]''.{{sfn|Banner|2012|p=325 on it being a comedy on gender}}  Waxay tixgelisay doorka Sugar Kane &quot;door kale oo caadi ah&quot; laakiin way aqbashay sababtoo ah dhiirigelinta Miller iyo bixinta boqolkiiba toban faa'iidooyinka filimka oo ka sarreeya mushaharkeeda caadiga ah.{{sfn|Banner|2012|p=325}} Soo saarista adag ee filimka ayaa tan iyo markii ay noqotay &quot;halyeey&quot;.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=626}} 

Ugu dambeyntiina, Wilder wuxuu ku faraxsanaa waxqabadka Monroe wuxuuna yiri: &quot;Qof walba wuu xusuusan karaa khadadka, laakiin waxay u baahan tahay farshaxan dhab ah inuu la yimaado shaxda oo uusan aqoon khadkeeda isla markaana uu siiyo waxqabadka ay sameysay!&quot;.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=406}}

=== 1960–1962: Hoos u dhaca shaqada iyo dhibaatooyinka shaqsiyadeed ===
[[File:Monroe_Montand_Let's_Make_Love.jpg|alt=Monroe and Montand standing next to a piano in a studio-type setting and looking at sheet music.|right|thumb|Yves Montand iyo Monroe oo ku jira majaajillada miyuusigga ah ee ''[[Let’s Make Love]]'' (1960), oo ay ku oggolaatay inay sameyso oo keliya inay fuliso qandaraaskeeda Fox]]
Monroe waxay qaadatay nasasho kale ilaa dabayaaqadii 1959, markii ay ku jileysay majaajillada miyuusigga ah ee ''[[Let’s Make Love]]''.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=71}}  Waxay u dooratay George Cukor inuu jiheeyo Miller-na wuxuu dib u qoray qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, oo ay u aragtay daciif; waxay aqbashay qaybta kaliya maxaa yeelay waxay ka dambeysay qandaraaskeedii Fox.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=410–415}} Intii lagu gudajiray duubista, Monroe wuxuu xiriir gogol dhaaf ah la yeeshay Yves Montand, kaasoo saxaafada si weyn u tabisay una isticmaalay ololaha xayeysiinta filimka.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=72}} filimku ma guuleysan markii la sii daayay Sebtember 1960.{{sfn|Banner|2012|p=335}}

Filimkii ugu dambeeyay ee Monroe dhameeyay wuxuu ahaa ''The Misfits''.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=266}} Waxay ciyaaray haweeney dhawaan la furay oo saaxiibo la noqotay seddex gabdhood oo gaboobay, oo ay ciyaareen Clark Gable, Eli Wallach iyo Montgomery Clift.  Duubista filimka lamadegaanka Nevada intii u dhaxeysay Luulyo iyo Nofember 1960 ayaa mar kale adkaatay.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=429–430}} Guurka Monroe iyo Miller sifiican ayuu udhamaaday, wuxuuna bilaabay xiriir cusub Inge Morath.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=266}}

Monroe iyo Miller ayaa kala tagay filim duubis kadib, waxayna heshay furiin reer [[Meksiko]] bishii Janaayo 1961.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=450–455}}

Monroe ayaa ku xigay xidigta taxanaha telefishanka laakiin mashruuca ayaa burburay maaddaama shabakadu aysan rabin inay shaqaaleyso xulashadeeda agaasimaha, Lee Strasberg.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=453–454}} Halkii ay ka shaqeyn lahayd, waxay ku qaadatay lixdii bilood ee ugu horreysay 1961 mashquul caafimaad.  Waxay gashay qalliin loo yaqaan 'cholecystectomy' iyo qalliin loogu talagalay endometriosis, waxayna qaadatay afar toddobaad isbitaal la dhigey niyad-jabka.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=453, for a new role, 466–467 for operations, 456–464 for psychiatric hospital stays}}
[[File:Cropped_version_of_Monroe_on_the_set_of_Something's_Got_to_Give.jpg|alt=Monroe wearing a form-fitting white dress with flowers and an open back. She is standing and smiling over her shoulder at the camera.|right|thumb|Monroe on set ah ''Something’ Got to Give''. Waxay ku maqneyd inta badan wax soo saarka jirro darteed waxaana shaqada ka ceyriyay Fox bishii Juun 1962, laba bilood ka hor dhimashadeeda]]
Monroe waxay ku soo noqotay indhaha dadweynaha gugii 1962;  waxay heshay &quot;Abaalmarinta Filimka Adduunka&quot; Abaalmarinta Dahabka ah ee Dahabiga ah waxayna bilawday inay u duubto filim Fox, ''Something’ Got to Give'', dib u habeynta  ''My Favorite Wife'' (1940).{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=258, for the involvement of MMP}}  Monroe waxay ku xigtay filim muuqaal ah Waxyaabaha La Siinayo taas oo ay ku dhex dabbaashay barkad dabaal ah.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|p=523}}{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=74}}  Bishii Juun 7, Fox waxay shaqada ka ceyrisay Monroe waxayna ku dacweysay $ 750,000 oo magdhow ah.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=75}} Waxaa lagu badalay Lee Remick, laakiin ka dib markii Martin uu diiday inuu filimka la sameeyo qof kale oo aan aheyn Monroe, Fox ayaa sidoo kale dacweysay isagana waxay xirtay wax soo saarkii.{{sfn|Spoto|2001|pp=535–536}}  Istuudiyaha ayaa ku eedeeyay Monroe masiibada filimka wuxuuna bilaabay inuu faafiyo dacaayad xun oo iyada ku saabsan, xitaa isagoo ku andacoonaya inay maskaxiyan qasnayd.{{sfn|Churchwell|2004|p=75}}

Waxay kale qorsheyneysay inay jileyso taariikh nololeedka Jean Harlow. Si ay u hagaajiso muuqaalkeeda guud, Monroe waxay ku hawlanayd dhowr shirkadood oo caan ah, oo ay ku jiraan wareysiyo loogu talagalay ''Life'' iyo ''[[Cosmopolitan]]'' iyo sawirkeedii ugu horreeyay ee loogu talagalay ''[[Vogue]]''.  Vogue, iyada iyo sawir qaade Bert Stern waxay iska kaashadeen laba sawir oo taxane ah, midkoodna tifaftirka moodada caadiga ah iyo mid kale oo iyada oo qaawan ah, oo lagu daabacay si heer sare ah cinwaankeedu yahay ''[[The Last Sitting]]''.{{sfn|Banner|2012|p=401}}

== Dhaxalka ==
{{Main|Marilyn Monroe ee dhaqanka caanka ah}}
[[File:Marilyn_Monroe,_Photoplay_1953.jpg|left|thumb|Monroe oo ku jirta sawirka xayeysiiska ee majaladda ''[[Photoplay]]'' ee 1953]]
Sida laga soo xigtay ''The Guide to United States Popular Culture'', &quot;sida astaanta dhaqanka caanka ah ee Maraykanka, Monroe dhowrka xafiiltamaan ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah [[Elvis Presley]] iyo [[Mickey Mouse]] ... ma jiro xiddig kale oo waligiis dhiirigeliyay shucuur aad u ballaaran - laga bilaabo damaca ilaa naxariis, ka xaasidnimada ilaa qoomamada.&quot;{{sfn|Chapman|2001|pp=542–543}} [[Gail Levin]] wuxuu sheegay in Monroe laga yaabo inuu ahaa &quot;qofka ugu sawirada badan qarnigii 20aad&quot;,&lt;ref name=&quot;levin2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/marilyn-monroe-filmmaker-interview-gail-levin/63/|title=Filmmaker interview – Gail Levin|date=July 19, 2006|publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service]]|access-date=July 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810035145/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/marilyn-monroe-filmmaker-interview-gail-levin/63/|archive-date=August 10, 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  iyo [[Machadka Filimada Mareykanka]] ayaa u aqoonsaday sida [[Machadka Filimada Maraykanka 100 Sano...100 Xidig|haweeneyda lixaad ee ugu weyn halyeyga shaashada taariikhda filimada Mareykanka]]. [[Machadka Smithsonian]] ayaa ku daray liiskooda &quot;100-ka Ameerika ee ugu Muhiimsan Waqti Kasta&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonianmag/meet-100-most-significant-americans-all-time-180953341/|title=Meet the 100 Most Significant Americans of All Time|last=Frail|first=T.A.|date=November 17, 2014|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]]|access-date=September 10, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321144943/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonianmag/meet-100-most-significant-americans-all-time-180953341/|archive-date=March 21, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo ''[[Variety]]'' iyo [[VH1]] labaduba waxay dhigteen tobanka ugu sarreeya qiimeyntooda astaamaha dhaqanka caanka ah ee ugu caansan qarnigii labaatanaad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4344910.stm|title=Beatles Named 'Icons of Century'|date=October 16, 2005|publisher=BBC|access-date=September 10, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306201152/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4344910.stm|archive-date=March 6, 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=The 200 Greatest Pop Culture Icons Complete Ranked List|publisher=[[VH1]]|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/the-200-greatest-pop-culture-icons-complete-ranked-list-70807437.html|access-date=September 10, 2015|via=[[PR Newswire]]|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511154709/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/the-200-greatest-pop-culture-icons-complete-ranked-list-70807437.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Boqolaal buug ayaa laga qoray Monroe. Waxay noqotay mawduuca filimada, riwaayadaha, operasyada, iyo heesaha, waxayna saameyn ku yeelatay fanaaniinta iyo madadaalada sida [[Andy Warhol]] iyo [[Madonna]].&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], pp. 12–15; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFHamscha2013|Hamscha 2013]], pp. 119–129.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/nov/16/michel-schneider-top-10-marilyn-monroe-books|title=Michel Schneider's Top 10 Books About Marilyn Monroe|last=Schneider|first=Michel|date=November 16, 2011|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=August 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928145942/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/nov/16/michel-schneider-top-10-marilyn-monroe-books|archive-date=September 28, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay sidoo kale weli ah calaamad qiimo leh:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,991257,00.html|title=The Blond Marilyn Monroe|date=June 14, 1999|magazine=Time|access-date=August 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106091538/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C991257%2C00.html|archive-date=January 6, 2016|url-status=dead|last1=Rudnick|first1=Paul}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sawirkeeda iyo magaceeda ayaa loo fasaxay boqolaal alaab, waxaana lagu soo bandhigay xayeysiinta noocyada ay ka mid yihiin [[Max Factor]], [[Chanel]], [[Mercedes-Benz]], iyo [[Absolut Vodka]].&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], pp. 33, 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;www.theguardian.com max-factor-cant-claim-marilyn-monroe2&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jan/09/max-factor-cant-claim-marilyn-monroe|title=Max Factor Can't Claim Credit for Marilyn Monroe|last=Churchwell|first=Sarah|date=January 9, 2015|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=August 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150825013827/http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jan/09/max-factor-cant-claim-marilyn-monroe|archive-date=August 25, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Caannimada joogtada Monroe waxay ku xidhan tahay muuqaalkeeda dadwaynaha ee iska soo horjeeda.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFFullerLloyd1983|Fuller &amp; Lloyd 1983]], p. 309; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFMarcus2004|Marcus 2004]], pp. 17–19, 309; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], pp. 21–42.&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay weli tahay astaanta galmada, astaanta quruxda iyo mid ka mid ah xiddigaha ugu caansan [[Shineemada Hollywoodka Qadiimiga|shineemada Hollywood-ka qadiimiga]] ah.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], p. 8.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/remembering-marilyn-monroe-43964747/|title=Remembering Marilyn Monroe|last=Stromberg|first=Joseph|date=August 5, 2011|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|access-date=September 10, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928090337/http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/remembering-marilyn-monroe-43964747/|archive-date=September 28, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/news-bfi/features/marilyn-icon|title=Marilyn: The Icon|last=Wild|first=Mary|date=May 29, 2015|publisher=British Film Institute|access-date=September 10, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906134813/http://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/news-bfi/features/marilyn-icon|archive-date=September 6, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxa kale oo lagu xusuustaa nolosheeda gaarka ah ee dhibka badan, caruurnimada oo aan degganayn, halgankii xushmada xirfadeed, iyo sidoo kale dhimashadeeda iyo aragtiyaha shirqoolka ee ku xeeran.&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFFullerLloyd1983|Fuller &amp; Lloyd 1983]], p. 309; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSteinemBarris1987|Steinem &amp; Barris 1987]], pp. 13–15; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], p. 8.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa wax ka qoray aqoonyahanno iyo suxufiyiin xiiseeya jinsiga iyo [[Dumarnimo|dumarnimada]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardianfem&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/features/featurepages/0,,498050,00.html|title=Happy Birthday, Marilyn|date=May 29, 2001|work=The Guardian|access-date=August 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611194816/http://www.theguardian.com/film/features/featurepages/0,,498050,00.html|archive-date=June 11, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFRose2014|Rose 2014]], pp. 100–137.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFHaskell1991|Haskell 1991]], pp. 254–265.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Max Factor Can't Claim Credit for Marilyn Monroe&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Marilyn Monroe: Proto-feminist?&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Happy Birthday, Marilyn&quot;. The Guardian.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFSteinemBarris1987|Steinem &amp; Barris 1987]], pp. 15–23; [[Marilyn Monroe#CITEREFChurchwell2004|Churchwell 2004]], pp. 27–28.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Engineering an Icon&quot;. ''The New York Times''.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:James_Gill's_&quot;Marylin_Tryptich&quot;.jpg|thumb|''Marilyn Triptych'' (1962)]]
Sababtoo ah farqiga u dhexeeya xiddignimadeeda iyo nolosheeda gaarka ah ee dhibka leh, Monroe waxay si dhow ugu xidhan tahay doodaha ballaadhan ee ku saabsan ifafaalaha casriga ah sida caannimada, iyo dhaqanka macaamiisha.{{sfn|Hamscha|2013|pp=119–129}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/opinion/la-xpm-2012-aug-05-la-oe-0805-banner-marilyn-monroe-icon-biography-20120805-story.html|title=Marilyn Monroe, the Eternal Shape Shifter|last=Banner|first=Lois|date=August 5, 2012|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|access-date=August 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190517063539/https://www.latimes.com/opinion/la-xpm-2012-aug-05-la-oe-0805-banner-marilyn-monroe-icon-biography-20120805-story.html|archive-date=May 17, 2019|url-status=live|ref=none}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Monroe ayaa weli ah astaan dhaqameed, laakiin dhaleeceynta ayaa ku kala qaybsan dhaxalkeeda jilaa ahaan. David Thomson wuxuu ku tilmaamay shaqadeeda mid &quot;aan la taaban karin&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/105847/the-inscrutable-life-and-death-marilyn-monroe|title=The Inscrutable Life and Death of Marilyn Monroe|last=Thomson|first=David|author-link=David Thomson (film critic)|date=August 6, 2012|magazine=New Republic|access-date=August 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151210190429/https://newrepublic.com/article/105847/the-inscrutable-life-and-death-marilyn-monroe|archive-date=December 10, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Pauline Kael]] ayaa qortay in wax jili karin, balse ay &quot;ay u adeegsatay xirfad la'aanteeda atariishada si ay shacabka uga maaweeliyo&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/97/05/04/reviews/mailer-marilyn.html|title=Marilyn: A Rip-Off With Genius|last=Kael|first=Pauline|author-link=Pauline Kael|date=July 22, 1973|work=The New York Times|access-date=August 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325182658/https://www.nytimes.com/books/97/05/04/reviews/mailer-marilyn.html|archive-date=March 25, 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Taas bedelkeeda, [[Peter Bradshaw]] wuxuu qoray in Monroe uu ahaa majaajiliiste hibo leh oo &quot;fahmey sida majaajilada u gaartay saameynteeda&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;bradshaw&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/may/09/cannes-marilyn-monroe|title=Cannes and the Magic of Marilyn Monroe|last=Bradshaw|first=Peter|author-link=Peter Bradshaw|date=May 9, 2012|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=August 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923131249/http://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/may/09/cannes-marilyn-monroe|archive-date=September 23, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-some-like-it-hot-1959|title=Some Like It Hot|last=Ebert|first=Roger|date=January 9, 2000|publisher=Roger Ebert.com|access-date=July 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160725091543/http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-some-like-it-hot-1959|archive-date=July 25, 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/marilyn-monroes-brains/Content?oid=920660|title=Marilyn Monroe's Brains|last=Rosenbaum|first=Jonathan|author-link=Jonathan Rosenbaum|date=December 1, 2005|work=Chicago Reader|access-date=August 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905085251/http://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/marilyn-monroes-brains/Content?oid=920660|archive-date=September 5, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Filimada ==
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
* ''[[Dangerous Years]]'' (1947)
* ''[[Scudda Hoo! Scudda Hay!]]'' (1948)
* ''[[Ladies of the Chorus]]'' (1948)
* ''[[Love Happy]]'' (1949)
* ''[[A Ticket to Tomahawk]]'' (1950)
* ''[[The Asphalt Jungle]]'' (1950)
* ''[[All About Eve]]'' (1950)
* ''[[The Fireball]]'' (1950)
* ''[[Right Cross]]'' (1951)
* ''[[Home Town Story]]'' (1951)
* ''[[As Young as You Feel]]'' (1951)
* ''[[Love Nest]]'' (1951)
* ''[[Let's Make It Legal]]'' (1951)
* ''[[Clash by Night]]'' (1952)
* ''[[We're Not Married!]]'' (1952)
* ''[[Don't Bother to Knock]]'' (1952)
* ''[[Monkey Business]]'' (1952)
* ''[[O. Henry's Full House]]'' (1952)
* ''[[Niagara]]'' (1953)
* ''[[Gentlemen Prefer Blondes]]'' (1953)
* ''[[How to Marry a Millionaire]]'' (1953)
* ''[[River of No Return]]'' (1954)
* ''[[There's No Business Like Show Business]]'' (1954)
* ''[[The Seven Year Itch]]'' (1955)
* ''[[Bus Stop]]'' (1956)
* ''[[The Prince and the Showgirl]]'' (1957)
* ''[[Some Like It Hot]]'' (1959)
* ''[[Let's Make Love]]'' (1960)
* ''[[The Misfits]]'' (1961)
* ''[[Something's Got to Give]]'' (1962–dhammeyn)
{{Div col end}}

== Xiriirinta dibedda ==
{{Commons category|Marilyn Monroe}}

== Tixraacyo ==
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    <title>The Lady from Shanghai</title>
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{{Infobox film|name=The Lady from Shanghai|music=Heinz Roemheld|language=Ingiriis|country=Mareykanka|runtime=88 daqiiqado|released=Diseembar 24, 1947 (Faransiiska)&lt;br /&gt;Junn 9, 1948 (Mareykanka)|distributor=Columbia Pictures|studio=Mercury Productions|editing=Viola Lawrence|cinematography={{Plainlist|
* Charles Lawton Jr.
* Rudolph Maté&lt;br&gt;
* Joseph Walker&lt;br&gt;
}}|starring={{Plainlist|
* [[Rita Hayworth]]
* Orson Welles
* [[Everett Sloane]]
* [[Glenn Anders]]
* [[Ted de Corsia]]
}}|image=The Lady from Shanghai (1947 poster).jpg|narrator=Orson Welles|screenplay=Orson Welles&lt;br&gt;William Castle&lt;br&gt;Charles Lederer&lt;br&gt;Fletcher Markle|based_on=|producer=Orson Welles|director=Orson Welles|caption=Boosta lagu sii daayo masraxa|alt=|border=yes|gross=1,564,609 gelitaanka (Faransiiska)&lt;ref name=&quot;france&quot;&gt;[http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&amp;hl=en&amp;prev=search&amp;rurl=translate.google.com.au&amp;sl=fr&amp;u=http://www.boxofficestory.com/box-office-orson-welles-c25320542&amp;usg=ALkJrhhxH2PrC9aZtsMZPjsNZBUe3iaBhw Orson Welles box office information in France] at Box Office Story&lt;/ref&gt;}}
'''''The Lady from Shanghai''''' waa filim 1947 Mareykan ah.&lt;ref&gt;[https://variety.com/results/#?q=h &quot;Variety film review&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Paste&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2015/08/the-100-best-noirs-of-all-time.html?a=1|title=The 100 Best Film Noirs of All Time|date=August 9, 2015|accessdate=August 9, 2015|work=Paste|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150812221819/http://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2015/08/the-100-best-noirs-of-all-time.html?a=1|archive-date=August 12, 2015|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Category:Filimada Mareykanka]]

== Tixraacyo ==


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    <title>Chase Elliott</title>
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      <text bytes="1396" sha1="3i06878zhlnnvzfdkctoakzxkwoll2p" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Chase elliott (32539954977) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Chase Elliott]]
'''William Clyde Elliott II''' ama '''Chase Elliott''' (wuxuu ku dhashay [[Dawsonville, Georgia]], [[Nofeembar 28]], [[1995]]) waa ciyaartooy Mareykan ah oo orod ku ah. Wuxuu hadda la tartamayaa [[Koobka NASCAR ee Taxanaha]] oo ay la socdaan kooxda [[Hendrick Motorsports]] lambarka 9 [[Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 1LE]] baabuur ay kafaala qaaday [[NAPA Auto Parts]]

Elliott waa wiilka kaliya ee orodyahankii hore ee [[NASCAR]] [[Bill Elliott]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Chase Elliott&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.hendrickmotorsports.com/news/articles/59410/elliott-hendrick-unveil-2016-no-24-napa-auto-parts-chevy|title=Elliott, Hendrick unveil 2016 No. 24 NAPA AUTO PARTS Chevy|publisher=[[Hendrick Motorsports]]|accessdate=21 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120034758/http://www.hendrickmotorsports.com/news/articles/59410/elliott-hendrick-unveil-2016-no-24-napa-auto-parts-chevy|archive-date=20 November 2015|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Elliott wuxuu ahaa horyaalkii taxanaha ahaa ee [[2014 NASCAR Nationwide Series]].

Kulankiisii ​​ugu horreeyay ee Elliott ee Koobka Koobka ayaa ka bilawday tartanka [[2015 STP 500]]. Guushiisii ​​ugu horreysay ee Koobka ayaa waxaa ku guuleystay [[Go Bowling at The Glen 2018]].
==Reference==
{{reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibedda==
*[http://www.chaseelliott.com/ Official website]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Awaaji gooni-isu-taaga Somaliland</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="19821" sha1="44wana5oq9lw2rrstqd8e9fgtcnjdvq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox document
|document_name=Awaaji gooni isu taaga Somaliland
|image=Signatures-Somaliland-independece-.png
|image_width=150px
|image_caption=Heshiisyada dhexmaray Salaadiinta Soomaaliyeed ee Somaliland [[Isaaq]], [[Reer-Darawiish]], [[Ciise (qabiil)|Ciise]], [[Gadabuursi]], [[Warsangali]] iyo[[Madigaan, Ansaar]][[SNM]]
|date_created=5 May 1991
|date_ratified=18 May  1991
|location=[[Burco]]
|writer=Adan Ahmed Diiriye
|signers= 17 Salaadiin Soomaaliyeed oo ka soo jeeda [[Sool]], [[Sanaag]], [[Awdal]], [[Woqooyi Galbeed]] and [[Togdheer]] signed the Declaration of Independence of Somaliland See [[Saxeexida Baaqa Madaxbanaanida Somaliland]]
|purpose=iclaanka [[Jamhuuriyada Somaliland]]&lt;ref&gt;''iclaanka madaxbanaanida'' Ka dib Dawladdii Somaliland ee State of Somaliland.&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
{{Taariikhda Somaliland}}

'''Awaajiga''' ama '''iclaan''' '''gooni isu Taaga Somaliland''' (oo si rasmi ah uso '''celisay Somaliland''' ) waxaa ku iclaamay 18-kii May 1991 Salaadiin Soomaaliyeed oo ka kala socday [[Isaaq]], [[Reer-Darawiish]], [[Ciise (qabiil)|Ciise]], [[Gadabuursi|Gadabursi]], [[Warsangali]] iyo [[SNM|Dhaqdhaqaaqa Wadaniga Soomaaliyeed ee SNM]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/122751/bk-somali-conflict-part5-010194-en.pdf?sequence=5&amp;isAllowed=y |access-date=2020-12-19 |archive-date=2020-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027021658/https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/122751/bk-somali-conflict-part5-010194-en.pdf?sequence=5&amp;isAllowed=y |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;http://www.culturaldiplomacy.org/academy/content/pdf/participant-papers/2012-12-aaccd/Becoming_Somaliland_-_Janine_Graf.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;http://www.somalilandlaw.com/Burao_Conference_Elders_Signed_Resolution_050591.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Gudoomiyihii [[SNM]], dhawaana noqon doona [[Madaxwaynaha Somaliland|Madaxweynihii ugu horeeyey ee Somaliland]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal}}&lt;/ref&gt; kaas oo ka yimi xornimadii ay heshay 26 June 1960 [[Boqortooyada Ingiriiska|Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Waqooyiga Ireland]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;Wssom2&quot;&gt;[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Somalia.html#Somaliland Somalia - British Somaliland and Somaliland]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Gundhig==
===Geeddi-socodka Nabadda Waqooyiga ===
[[File:Garaadka guud ee beesha reer darawiish garaad abdiqani.jpg|thumb|223x223px|left|[[Garaad Abdiqani]] of the [[Reer-Darawiish]] who tabled the case for succession]]

Ka dib markii ay [[SNM]] awood u yeelatay inay maamusho Woqooyi-Galbeed Soomaaliya, ururku si dhakhso ah ayuu u doortay in la joojiyo dagaalka iyo dib-u-heshiisiinta beelaha aan Isaaqa ahayn. &lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot;&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shir nabadeed ayaa ka dhacay magaalada Berbera intii u dhaxeysay 15kii ilaa 21kii Febraayo 1991kii kaasoo soo celiyey kalsoonidii iyo kalsoonidii ka dhaxaysay beelaha Waqooyiga halkaas oo hoggaankii SNM wadahadal kula yeeshay wakiilo ka socda beelaha [[Ciise (qabiil)|Issa]], [[Gadabuursi|Gadabursi]], [[Madigaan]], [[Reer-Darawiish]] iyo [[Warsangali|Warsangeli]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot;&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot;&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tani waxay ahayd gaar ahaan tan iyo markii beelaha aan ahayn Isaaqa la sheegay inay inta badan ku xirnaayeen [[Siyaad Barre|taliskii Siyaad Barre]] ayna ku dagaalameen dhinaca [[Isaaq|Isaaqa]] ee ka soo horjeeday. &lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot; /&gt;

Shirkani wuxuu aasaas u ahaa &quot;Shirweynihii weynaa ee Beelaha Waqooyiga&quot; kaasoo ka dhacay magaalada [[Burco]] intii u dhaxaysay 27kii Abriil iyo 18kii May 1991kii kaasoo ujeedkiisu ahaa nabadaynta Waqooyiga Soomaaliya. Ka dib wadatashi ballaaran oo dhex maray wakiillada qabaa'ilka iyo hoggaankii SNM, waxaa la isku raacay in Waqooyiga Soomaaliya (oo ahaan jirtay [[Maamulkii Somaliland (1960)|Dawladdii Somaliland]] ) ay kala noqon doonto midowgeeda tabaruca ah Soomaaliya inteeda kale si ay u samayso &quot; [[Somaliland|Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland]] &quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;:202&quot;&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; In kasta oo ay rajo ka qabeen beelaha Waqooyiga dhexdooda in laga dhaxli doono horraantii 1961, SNM ma lahayn siyaasad cad oo arrintan ku saabsan bilowgii. &lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ingiriis|first=Mohamed Haji|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vzi6CwAAQBAJ|title=The Suicidal State in Somalia: The Rise and Fall of the Siad Barre Regime, 1969–1991|date=2016-04-01|publisher=UPA|isbn=978-0-7618-6720-3|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha noqotee, ujeeddooyin kasta oo waddaniyeed oo ka mid ahaa xubnihii iyo taageerayaashii SNM si lama filaan ah ayaa loo beddelay iyadoo la tixgelinayo xasuuqii lagula kacay taliskii Barre. Sidaas darteed, in la xoojiyo dacwadda dhaxalka iyo dib ula soo noqoshada madax-bannaanida dhulka [[Maamulkii Somaliland (1960)|Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot; /&gt; Garaad Cabdiqani Garaad Jaamac oo hogaaminayey waftigii [[Reer-Darawiish]] ayaa markii ugu horaysay miiska saaray kiiska dhaxalka. &lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot; /&gt;

==Xuduudaha==
::''Sidoo kale eeg: [[Dhulka Biritishka ee Somaliland]]
[[File:British Somaliland map.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Xuduudaha [[Dhulka Biritishka ee Somaliland]].]]
Xuduudaha ay ku dhawaaqday iclaanka ayaa ah xuduudaha British Somaliland ee ay dhistay Ingriiska sanadkii 1884. In kasta oo maamul goboleed ka tirsan Soomaaliya uu sheegto xuduudaha bariga Somaliland ee Sool iyo Sanaag, Somaliland waxay maamushaa 80% Sool iyo Sanaag. &lt;ref&gt; http: //www.somalilandlaw.com/somaliland_boundaries.html &lt;/ref&gt;

==Bayaanka Madaxbanaanida==
::''Sidoo kale eeg: [[Saxeexida Baaqa Madaxbanaanida Somaliland]]
[[File:Sheikh-ibrahim-boorama-conference.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|right|The chairman of the Guurti announces the election results. [[Mohamed Ibrahim Egal]] is elected president by a substantial majority and Abdirahman Aw Ali Farah is declared vice-president.]]
Bishii May 1991, SNM waxay ku iclaantay gooni isu [[Somaliland|taagga]] &quot; [[Somaliland]] &quot; iyo sameynta maamul kumeel gaar ah oo [[Cabdiraxmaan Tuur|Cabdiraxmaan Axmed Cali Tuur]] loogu doortay inuu xukumo muddo labo sano ah. &lt;ref name=&quot;:152&quot;&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:162&quot;&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; Xubno badan oo hore uga tirsanaan jiray SNM ayaa fure u ahaa dhisida dowlada iyo dastuurka.

Bishii Meey 1993kii &quot;Shirweynihii Boorama&quot; ayaa dhacay si loo doorto madaxweyne iyo Madaxweyne-ku-xigeen cusub. &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Lyons|first1=Terrence|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z-8MR42dZ9YC&amp;q=Somalia+:+state+collapse,+multilateral+intervention,+and+strategies+for+political+reconstruction+%E2%86%90+Back+to+item+details|title=Somalia: State Collapse, Multilateral Intervention, and Strategies for Political Reconstruction|last2=Samatar|first2=Ahmed I.|date=2010-12-01|publisher=Brookings Institution Press|isbn=978-0-8157-2025-6|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shirka waxaa ka soo qayb galay 150 oday oo ka soo jeeda beelaha Isaaq (88), [[Gadabuursi]] (21), [[Reer-Darawiish]] (21), [[Warsangali|Warsengali]] (11) iyo [[Ciise (qabiil)|Ciise]] (9) beel oo uu taageeray SNM. &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt; Sidaas darteed, shirku wuxuu siiyay dawladda Somaliland sharciyeyn maxalli ah oo ka baxsan gobolladii Isaaq ugu badnaa SNM, gaar ahaan tan iyo markii magaalada Boorama ay ku badnaayeen [[Gadabuursi]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;

Shirkan, wufuuddu waxay isku raaceen in la dhiso madaxweyne fulin ah iyo sharci dejin laba aqal ka kooban oo lagu doortay madaxweynihii labaad ee Somaliland [[Maxamed Cigaal|Muxammad Xaaji Cigaal]] . Cigaal ayaa mar labaad dib loo dooran doonaa 1997. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt;


== Saxeexida Baaqa Madaxbanaanida ==
::''Sidoo kale eeg: [[Saxeexida Baaqa Madaxbanaanida Somaliland]]''
[[File:The house where Somaliland's independence was declared 18 may 1991 in Burao.jpg|thumb|right|Gurigii lagu iclaamay gooni isu taagga Somaliland 18 may 1991 ee magaalada [[Burco]].]]

Saxiixa Baaqa Madax-bannaanida Somaliland wuxuu dhacay go'aankii 5-tii May ee shirkii weynaa [[Burco]]. Shirkii labaad ee qaran ee 18-kii May, Golaha Dhexe ee SNM, oo ay taageerayaan kulan ay yeesheen odayaasha matalayay beelaha waaweyn ee gobollada waqooyi, ayaa lagu iclaamay dib-u-soo-celinta [Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland] ee dhulkii hore ee gaabnaa -waxaa madaxbanaan [[Gobolka Somaliland]] waxayna u sameysay dowlad dal ay iskeed ugu iclaantay. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | author = Mohamud Omar Ali, Koss Mohammed, Michael Walls | title = Peace in Somaliland: An Indigenous Approach ku socota Dhismaha Dawladda | url = http: //apd-somaliland.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Interpeace_APD_Statebuilding_EN.pdf | Publisher = Akadamiga Nabadda iyo Horumarka | bogga = 12 | marin u helka = 2 Juunyo 2017 | xigasho = 18-kii May 1991 kulankan qaran ee labaad, Golaha Dhexe ee [[Dhaqdhaqaaqa Qaranka Soomaaliyeed]], oo taageero ka helaya kulan ay yeesheen odayaasha matalayay qabaa'ilka waaweyn ee Gobollada Waqooyi, waxay ku iclaameen dib u soo celinta [Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland] ], oo daboolaya isla aaggii kii hore ee [[British Somaliland Protectorate ]]. Shirkii burco wuxuu kaloo dhidibada u aasay dawlad jamhuuriya | ciwaan = Nuqul Archive | access-date = 2021-08-09 | archive-date = 2021-01-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210116022959/http://apd-somaliland.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Interpeace_APD_Statebuilding_EN.pdf | dead-url = yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/122751/bk-somali-conflict-part5-010194-en.pdf {{Wayback|url=https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/122751/bk-somali-conflict-part5-010194-en.pdf |date=20240710111749 }} ? taxane = 5 &amp; isAllowed = y&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt; http://www.culturaldiplomacy.org/academy/content/pdf/participant-papers/2012-12-aaccd/Becoming_Somaliland_-_Janine_Graf.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref &gt; http://www.somalilandlaw.com/Burao_Conference_Elders_Signed_Resolution_050591.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal | url = https: //www.jstor.org/stable/4006988 | jstor = 4006988 | title = Somaliland: Doorashada Siyaasadda ee Rabshadaha | last1 = Bradbury | first1 = Mark | last2 = Abokor | first2 = Adan Yusuf | last3 = Yusuf | first3 = Haroon Ahmed | joornaalka = Dib u eegista Dhaqaalaha Siyaasadeed ee Afrika | sanad = 2003 | mug = 30 | arrin = 97 | bogagga = 455-478 | doi = 10.1080 / 03056244.2003.9659778 | s2cid = 153611035}} &lt;/ref&gt;

=== Liiska saxiixayaasha ===

Toddoba iyo toban Soomaali ah [[Salaadiin]] oo ka kala yimid [[Sool]], [[Sanaag]], [[Awdal]], [[Woqooyi Galbeed]] iyo [[Togdheer]] ayaa saxeexay Baaqa Madax-bannaanida Somaliland.
[[Faylka: Gurigii lagu dhawaaqay gooni isu taagga Somaliland 18 may 1991 ee magaalada Burco.jpg | thumb | right | Gurigii lagu iclaamay madaxbannaanida Somaliland 18 may 1991 ee [[Burco]].]]
[[File:Sultanmahamed.webp|thumb|right|Suldaanka 8aad ee guud ee Beelaha Somaliland iyo Beesha [[Isaaq]], [[Suldaan Maxamed Suldaan Cabdiqaadir]], wuxuu ka mid ahaa saxeexayaashii iclaanka Gooni isu taaga Somaliland.]]

[[Woqooyi Galbeed]]
: 1. [[Suldaan Maxamed Suldaan Faarax]]   
:2. Sh. Ibraahim Sh. Yuusuf Sh. Madar (Guddoomiyihii guurtida Isaaq)
: 3. Suldaan Cabdi SH. Ahmed
: 4. [[Mahamed Cabdiqaadir | Suldaan Maxamed Suldaan Cabdiqaadir]]
: 5. Suldaan Saxardiid Suldaan Diirye
: 6. Suldaan Ismaaciil Muuse
[[Togdheer]]
: 7. Suldaan Yuusuf Suldaan Xirsi                                                                                                                               
:8. Suldaan Cali Muuse
[[Sanaag]]
: 9. Suldaan Rashiid Suldaan Cali
: 10. Suldaan Ismaaciil Suldaan Mahamed
: 11. Axmed Shiikh Saalah
[[Sool]]
: 12. Shiikh Daahir Xaaji Xasan
: 13. Axmed Xirsi Cawl
: 14. Garaad Cabdiqani Garaad Jaamac
:
[[Awdal]]
: 15. Suldaan Mahamed Jama
: 16. Shiikha Muuse Jaamac
: 17. Hasan Cumar Samatar
: 18. Mahamed Warsame Shiil.


== Golihii Wasiiradda ee ugu horreeyay ee Somaliland (1991) ==

[[File:Emblem of Somaliland.svg|upright=0.5|thumb|right|[[Astaanta Qaranka Somaliland]]]]]


Markii ugu horreysay [[dawladda Somaliland]] waxa madax ka ahaa [[Cabdiraxmaan Axmed Cali Tuur]] oo ah [Madaxweynaha Somaliland] iyo [[Xasan Ciise Jaamac]] oo ah [[Madaxweyne-ku-xigeenka Somaliland]]. Golihii ugu horreeyay ee wasaaradaha ee ay ansaxiyaan Golaha Dhexe [[Dhaqdhaqaaqa Wadaniga Soomaaliyeed | SNM]] wuxuu ahaa
sida soo socota:

Wasaaradda Arimaha Gudaha iyo Dowladaha Hoose
: 1. Saleebaan Maxamed Aadan
Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibadda
: 2. Sheekh Yuusuf Sh. Cali Sh. Madar
Wasaaradda Maaliyadda ]
: 3. Ismail Mohamoud Hurry
Wasaaradda dib u dhiska &amp; dhaqan celinta
: 4. Hasan Adan Wadadiid
Wasaaradda Difaaca
: 5. Maxamed Kaahin Axmed
Wasaaradda Ganacsiga
: 6. Daahir Maxamed Yuusuf
Wasaaradda Caddaaladda
: 7. Axmed Ismaaciil Cabdi
Wasaaradda Caafimaadka 
: 8. Abiib Diiriye Nuur
Wasaaradda Waxbarashada iyo Sayniska 
: 9. Cabdiraxmaan Aw Faarax
Wasaaradda Xannaanada Xoolaha &amp; Kalluumeysiga 
: 10. Omer Eisa Awale
Wasaaradda Qorshaynta
: 11. Jaamac Rabile Good
Wasaaradda Tamarta &amp; Macdanta
: 12. Maxamed Cali Caateeye
Wasaaradda Hawlaha Guud iyo Guryeynta
: 13. Mahdi Cabdi Amarre
Wasaaradda Ganacsiga 
: 14. Cismaan Aadan Dool
Wasaaradda Xannaanada Xoolaha &amp; Kalluumeysiga 
: 15. Yaasiin Axmed Xaaji Nuur
Wasaaradda Isgaarsiinta iyo Teknolojiyada
: 16. Mohamoud Abdi Ali Bayr
Wasaaradda Deegaanka iyo Horumarinta Reer Miyiga
: 17. Saciid Maxamed Nuur
[[Wasaaradda Madaxtooyada]]
: 18. Yuusuf Maxamed Cali
Wasaaradda Arimaha Gudaha
: 19. Axmed Jaambiir Suldan
Ku-xigeenka Wasaaradda Difaaca
: 20. Daahir Sheekh Cabdillaahi
Ku-xigeenka Wasaaradda Maaliyadda
: 21. Aadan Jaamac Saxar
Ku-xigeenka Wasaaradda Cadaaladda
: 22. Sheekh Maxamed Jaamac Aadan

== Madaxbanaanida Boqortooyada Ingiriiska ay ka heeshay Somaliland==
::''Sidoo kale eeg: [[Dawladii Somaliland (1960)]]
[[File:The Somaliland Protectorate Constitutional Conference, London.png|upright=0.8|thumb|left|Shirweynihii dastuurka maxmiyadda Somaliland, London, May 1960 kaas oo lagu go'aamiyey in 26 Juun ay noqoto maalinta Xorriyadda, sidaasna lagu saxeexay 12 May 1960. Weftiga Somaliland: Maxamed Xaaji Ibraahim Cigaal, Axmed Xaaji Ducaale, Cali Garaad Jaamac &amp; Xaaji Ibraahim Nuur . Laga soo bilaabo Xafiiska Gumeysiga: Ian Macleod, D. B. Hall, H. C. F. Wilks (Xoghayaha)]]

Kani waa nuqul ka mid ah warqadda ay [[Xoghayaha Arrimaha Dibadda Mareykanka]] [[Christian Herter]] ay dirtay{{Quotation|::June 26, 1960
::Their Excellencies,

:::Council of Ministers of Somaliland, Hargeisa.
::::Your Excellencies: I extend my best wishes and congratulations on the achievement of your independence. This is a noteworthy milestone in your history, and it is with pleasure that I send
::::::my warmest regards on this happy occasion.
:::::::Christian a. Herter
::::::::Secretary of State, United States of America .&lt;ref name=&quot;ebooksread.com&quot;/&gt;}}


Waana tan waraaqda ay [[Elizabeth II]] u dirto dadka reer [[Somaliland]] maalinta madax-bannaanida.


Waxaa sidoo kale jiray cabsi laga qabay isku dhacyo lala yeesho dadka ku nool Itoobiya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news}}&lt;/ref&gt;


Bishii Juun 26, 1960, Maxmiyaddii hore ee [[Dhulka Biritishka ee Soomaaliya|British Somaliland waxay]] muddo kooban qaadatay madax-bannaanida iyada oo ah [[Maamulkii Somaliland (1960)|Dawladdii Somaliland]], iyada oo [[Dhulka Ilaalada Somaliland|Territori-ka Somaliland ay]] raaceen shan maalmood ka dib. &lt;ref name=&quot;Wssom1&quot;&gt;[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Somalia.html Somalia]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Encyclopædia Britannica 2002 p.835&quot;&gt;Encyclopædia Britannica, ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica'', (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.835&lt;/ref&gt; Maalintii xigtay, bishii Juun 27, 1960, Golaha Sharci-dejinta ee dhawaan la shiray ee Somaliland waxay ansixiyeen sharci si rasmi ah ugu oggolaanaya midowga Qaranka Somaliland iyo Gobollada Amaanada ee Somaliland 1dii Luulyo 1960. &lt;ref name=&quot;wardheernews.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Maxamed Cigaal|Muxammad Xaaji Ibraahim Cigaal]], oo hore xubin aan rasmi ahayn uga soo noqday Golihii Fulinta ee maxmiyaddii hore ee British Somaliland iyo Hoggaamiyaha Ganacsiga Dowladda ee Golaha Sharci dejinta, wuxuu noqday Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Dawladda Somaliland intii lagu guda jiray qorshihiisii kala guurka ee ay ula midoobi lahayd Amaanada Territori of Somaliland oo hoos timaaday maamulkii Talyaaniga, [[Dhulka Talyaaniga ee Soomaaliya|Talyaanigii]] hore [[Dhulka Talyaaniga ee Soomaaliya|ee Somaliland]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;Contini&quot;&gt;Paolo Contini, ''The Somali Republic: an experiment in legal integration'', (Routledge, 1969), p.6.&lt;/ref&gt;

Intii ay jirtay, Dawladda Somaliland waxay aqoonsi caalami ah ka heshay 35 dal, &lt;ref name=&quot;csis.org&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/anotes_0211.pdf |access-date=2020-12-19 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304214047/http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/anotes_0211.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; oo ay ka mid ahaayeen [[Shiinaha]], [[Masar]], [[Itoobiya]], [[Faransiiska]], [[Gaana]], [[Israaiil|Israel]], [[Libiya|Liibiya]], [[Midowga Sofiyet|Midowgii Soofiyeeti]] . The [[Gobolada Isku Tegay ee Ameerika|States United]] [[Xoghayaha Arimaha Dibada|Secretary of State]] [[Christian Herter]] diray fariin hambalyo, &lt;ref name=&quot;csis.org&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;ebooksread.com&quot;&gt;http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/united-states-dept-of-state-office-of-public-co/department-of-state-bulletin-volume-v-43-jul--sep1960-tin/page-25-department-of-state-bulletin-volume-v-43-jul--sep1960-tin.shtml {{Wayback|url=http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/united-states-dept-of-state-office-of-public-co/department-of-state-bulletin-volume-v-43-jul--sep1960-tin/page-25-department-of-state-bulletin-volume-v-43-jul--sep1960-tin.shtml |date=20201030015511 }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1958-60v14/d62&lt;/ref&gt; iyo [[Boqortooyada Ingiriiska|Kingdom United]] u saxiixay heshiis dhowr dal Somaliland ee Hargeysa on June 26, 1960. &lt;ref name=&quot;csis.org&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[{{Cite web |ciwaan=THE BRENTHURST FOUNDATION Strengthening Africa’s economic performance AFRICAN GAme ChANGeR? The Consequences of Somaliland’s International (Non) Recognition {{pull quote|This list includes China (Republic of ), Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Ghana, Israel, Libya, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics, United Kingdom, and the United States.}} |url=http://www.thebrenthurstfoundation.org/Files/Brenthurst_Commisioned_Reports/BD-1105_Consequences-of-Somalilands-International-Recognition.pdf |access-date=2020-12-19 |archive-date=2013-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005084350/http://www.thebrenthurstfoundation.org/Files/Brenthurst_Commisioned_Reports/BD-1105_Consequences-of-Somalilands-International-Recognition.pdf |dead-url=yes }} THE BRENTHURST FOUNDATION Strengthening Africa’s economic performance AFRICAN GAme ChANGeR? The Consequences of Somaliland’s International (Non) Recognition {{pull quote|This list includes China (Republic of ), Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Ghana, Israel, Libya, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics, United Kingdom, and the United States.}}] {{Wayback|url=http://www.thebrenthurstfoundation.org/Files/Brenthurst_Commisioned_Reports/BD-1105_Consequences-of-Somalilands-International-Recognition.pdf |date=20131005084350 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aftida dastuurka Somaliland ==
::''Sidoo kale eeg: [[2001 Afti u qaadista dastuurka Somaliland]]''
[[File:Somaliland Constitution Presidential Decree.jpg|left |thumb| Digreetada Madaxweynaha ee lagu ansixiyay dastuurka Somaliland ee uu [[Maxamed Cigaal|Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Cigaal]]]]

31-kii May, 2001 afti loo qaaday qabyo-qoraalka dastuurka oo xaqiijinaya madax-bannaanida [[Somaliland]] ee ka [Soomaaliya]] Laakiin aftida waxaa ka horyimid [[dawladda Soomaaliya]] umana horseedin wax aqoonsi caalami ah.

==Sidoo kale eeg== 
* [[Dawladii Somaliland (1960)]]
* [[Dhulka Biritishka ee Somaliland]]
* [[Somaliland]]

==Tixraacyo==

[[Category:Somaliland]]
[[Category:Soomaali]]
[[Category:Tariikhda Somaliland]]
[[Category:Tariikhda Soomaaliya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cabdalle Sabdi</title>
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      <text bytes="15600" sha1="juulb9m6dbtqykvknskj9wfu6eq3d89" xml:space="preserve">CABDALLE SABDI ( ABDALLA SABDI ) WAA BEEL KA MID AH BEELAHA MURUSADE E BEELWAYNTA HAWIYE WA BEEL LAGU YAQAANO SHARAF &amp; KARAAMO UNA SAAXIIB AH AQOON &amp; HANTI WAXA LAGU NAANEESA CAAQILADA MURUSADE.{{Farac|
|group=Cabdalle Sabdi (Abdalla Sabdi) &lt;br /&gt; عبد الله السبت
|image=
|poptime= |region1 = {{flagcountry|Somalia}}
|region2 = 
|region3 = {{flagcountry|Saudi Arabia}}
|region4 = {{flagcountry|UK}}
|region5 = {{flagcountry|USA}}
|region6 = {{flagcountry|Sweden}}
|langs=[[Af-Soomaali]]
|rels= [[Islam]] &lt;sup&gt;([[Sunni Islam|Sunni]])&lt;/sup&gt;
|related-c= Beelaha kale ee [[Murusade]], Beelaha kale ee [[Karanle]], Beelaha kale ee [[Hawiye]] iyo [[Beelaha Soomaalida]] 
}}
==Hordhac==

'''Cabdalle Sabdi''' (Sidoo kale waxaa loo qoraa Cabdalla Sabdi ama Cabdalle)({{lang-en|Abdalla Sabdi }}; {{lang-ar| عبد الله السبت‎‎)}}) Waa beel ka mid ah beelaha Soomaaliyeed o ka tirsan beelwaynta [[ Murusade]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://karanle.blogspot.com/2014/03/karanles-hidden-political-historical.html/ |access-date=2021-01-19 |archive-date=2020-10-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030075923/http://karanle.blogspot.com/2014/03/karanles-hidden-political-historical.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; oo ka sii mid ah beelaha [[Hawiye]]. Beesha Cabdalle Sabdi waa beel magac iyo sumcad ku dhex leh beesha Murusade, beesha Hawiye iyo beelaha Soomaaliyeedba, waxaa beeshaan ka dhashey halyeeyo badan oo lagu yaqaano dowladnimada, nabad-raadinta, tacliinta iyo ganacsiga Soomaaliya. Beesha Cabdalle Sabdi waxaa ay degtaa gobolka [[ Galgaduud]] gaar ahaan degmada Galhareeri iyo degmada Ceelbuur &amp; tuulooyinka kala ah Bargaan, Ceel-Caafi, Towfiiq,  Coosweyne, &amp; Jacar Waxay sidoo kale beesha Cabdalle Sabdi degtaa gobolka [[ Banaadir]] gaar ahaan degmooyinka Dayniile, Hawlwadaag, Yaaqshiid , Wardhiigleey, Xaafadda Buuloxuubeey ee degmada Wadajir iyo qeybo ka mid ah degmada Hodan. Dhanka Shabeelaha Hoose waxay beeshu ka degtaa deegaano hoos yimaada degmada Afgooye oo kala ah :  Maagle , Daymaroodi, Garsaale , Kaxarow , Gumarey , Doondheere iyo Degmada Qoryooleey  .

== Shaxda Beesha ==
*'''Hawiye'''
** '''Murusade'''
***'''Sabdi'''
****[[ Cabdalle Sabdi| '''Cabdalle''' '''Sabdi''']]
***** '''Absuge''' wuxu ukala baxa : 
****** '''Maxamed Yar''' oo ah curadka Cabdalle wuxu usi kala baxa :  
****** 1.Aadan Gaab
****** 2.Barrow-Eebakar 
****** 3.Xasan Cad.
****** '''Maxamuud faqay'''  wuxu usi kala baxa: 
*******'''Muuse Fareey''': Waxuu usi kala baxaa:
*******1.Axmed Muuse 
*******2.Cali Muuse (Cali Dheer )  
*******3.Cismaan Muuse ayaa u kala baxa Reer Ciise iyo Reer Rooble.
*******'''Xagaleey ( Bah Cambareey)''' Xagaleey waxuu usi kala baxaa: 1.Cilmi Xagaleey 2.Cismaan Xagaleey 3.Muuse Xagaleey.
***** '''ilka-Gaduud''' wuxu ukala baxa: 
****** '''Muuse ilkagaduud ( Muuse Gureey )''' Wuxu usi kala baxa:
****** 1.Caraay Jimcaale ( Xasan Caraay iyo Cabdi Caraay ).
****** 2.Gacal Jimcaale ( Aadan Gacal iyo Duqoow Gacal ).
****** 3. Cumar Jimcaale ( Afrax iyo Gaashaan ).
****** 4. Eebakar Jimcaale.
******'''Baane ilkagaduud'''  wuxu usi kala baxaa:
******1: Xaadow Maxamed 
******2: Iidle Maxamed 
******3: Rooble Maxamed 
******4: Maxamuud Maxamed
****** '''Caraale ilkagaduud ( Guuleed ibraahim &amp; Gadiid ibraahim)''' wacay usi kala baxan:
****** 1. Reer deexey 
****** 2. Reer Casir 
****** 3. Reer Siyaad 
****** 4. Reer Cigale.
****** 5. Reer Bariise
****** '''Xareed ilkagaduud''' wuxu usi kala baxa
****** 1. Kulmiye Xareed
****** 2. Kalaf Xareed.

== Dadka magaca leh ee ka dhashey beesha Cabdalle Sabdi==

*[[Maxamed Macalin Xassan]]: Waxuu Wasiirka Wasaaradda Kaluumeeysiga iyo Khayraadka Badda ka soo noqday Dowladdi uu madaxwaynaha ka ahaa Madaxweyne Sheekh Shariif Sheekh Axmed gaar ahaan xukuumaddii uu Ra'iisalwasaaraha ka ahaa Maxamed Cabdullaahi Farmaajo 2010-2011. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | work=Somalitalk | url=http://somalitalk.com/2010/11/12/magacyaa-golaha-wasiirada-ee-uu-magcaabay-farmaajo/ |title=Liiska Magacyada Golaha Wasiirada ee uu Magcaabay Farmaajo |date=November 2010 | language=Somali | accessdate=29 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Maxamed Macalin Xassan waxaa uu sidoo kale mar noqday Agaasimaha Madaxtooyada Soomaaliya isla dowladdii Sheekh Shariif. Waxuuna ahaa agaasimihii madaxtooyada ee ugu dambeeyay dowladdi Sheekh Shariif.
*[[Maxamed Nuur Gacal]]: Waxuu Wasiirudowlaha Arrimaha Dibadda ka soo noqday dowladdii uu madaxweynaha ka ahaa Xassan Sheekh Maxamuud gaar ahaan xukuumaddii Ra'iisalwasaare Saacid Shirdoon 2012-2013. Maxamed Nuur Gacal waa guddoomiyaha Baarlamanka Galmduug, waxaana uu xilkan hayaa laga soo bilaabo Janaayo 2020 ilaa hadda. Gacal sidoo kale waxuu la taliye sare u soo noqday Ra'iisalwasaare Cabdiwali Sheekh Axmed iyo Ra'iisalwasaare Xassan Cali Kheyre. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | work=Goobjoog | url=https://goobjoog.com/akhriso-taariikh-nololeedka-murashax-maxamed-nuur-gacal/ | title=Akhriso: Taariikh Nololeedka Murashax Maxamed Nuur Gacal | date=January 2020 | language=Somali | accessdate=29 December 2020 | archive-date=27 Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127131750/https://goobjoog.com/akhriso-taariikh-nololeedka-murashax-maxamed-nuur-gacal/ | url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Khadar Cadnaan Cali]]: AUN wuxu so noqday xiligi talyaaniga Kumasaari sido kale Governor bu kaso noqday gobolo kala duwan xiligi dowladi rayidka xilalka uso qabtay 1960-69 waxa kamid ah Gudoomiyihi Gobolka Jubada Sare &amp; Gudoomiyihi Gobolka Banaadir.
*[[Maryan Cariif Qaasim]]: Waa xildhibaan hore ee beesha ku mataleysay Baarlamaanka Federalka ah ee Soomaaliya laga soo bilaabo sanaddi 2000-Ilaa 2022. Maryan Cariif sidoo kale waa aqoonyahanad sharci yaqaan ah, waxay hore u soo noqotay Guddoomiyaha Guddiga Dib u eegista Dastuurka ee Baarlamankii 9 aad (Dowladdi Xassan Sheekh).&lt;ref&gt;https://www.voasomali.com/a/2448814.html&lt;/ref&gt; Maryan waxay sidoo kale ahayd Gudoomiyaha Guddiga Baarlamaan ee Doorashada Madaxwaynaha ee isla baarlamanki 9aad, waa doorashadi uu madaxwayne Xassan Sheekh ku guuleystay sanaddi 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://somalitalk.com/2012/09/01/sept10/ |access-date=2021-01-19 |archive-date=2022-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119233842/http://somalitalk.com/2012/09/01/sept10/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Maryan Cariif waxaa lagu tiriyaa mid ka mid ah shaqsiyaadka Soomaaliyeed ee farakutiriska ah ee aqoonta durugsan u leh arrimaha dastuurka, waxayna qeyb libaax ka soo qaadatay dadaalada loogu jiro dib u eegista, qabyo-tirka iyo dhameystirka dastuurka Soomaaliya. Dhinaca kale Maryan waa qoraa qortay buuggaag caan ah iyo ganacsato leh hoteelka caanka ah ee Hotel Amiira.
*[[Xiireey Qaasim Weheliye]]: Xiireey waxaa uu xilal kala duwan ka soo qabtay dowladdihii Soomaaliya soo maray lixdameeyadi waxaana ka mid ahaa Barasaabka Gobolka Jubadda Hoose, sidoo kale wuxuu guddoomiye degmo ka soo noqday degmooyinka Balcad iyo Jowhar oo markaa raacsanaa gobolka Banaadir. Xiireey Qaasim marki dambe waxuu u soo wareegay dhanka ganacsiga, waxaana uu lahaa warshaddii caanka ahayd ee Bayl sidoo kalana uu maareeye ka ahaa. Bayl waxaa ay ahayd warshad sameysa agabka nadaafadda sida saabuunta iyo oomada dharka lagu maydho.&lt;ref name=&quot;radiomuqdisho_2012-11&quot;&gt;{{Cite web | work=Radiomuqdisho | url=http://radiomuqdisho.net/archives/ganacsade-xiirey-qaasim-weheliye-oo-maanta-ku-geeiyooday-magaalada-muqdisho/ | title=Ganacsade Xiirey Qaasim Weheliye oo maanta ku Geeiyooday Magaalada Muqdisho. | date=November 2012 | language=Somali | accessdate=December 30, 2016 | ciwaan=Nuqul Archive | archive-date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 31, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161231075403/http://radiomuqdisho.net/archives/ganacsade-xiirey-qaasim-weheliye-oo-maanta-ku-geeiyooday-magaalada-muqdisho/ | dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Mudane Xiireey waxuu ka mid ahaa indheer-garad iyo haldoor Soomaaliyeed oo gaarayay 144 qof oo soo saaray bayaanki can baxay ee Maanafeesto bishii May sanaddi  1990 ki, bayaankaas oo lagu saxayay, talooyina loogu soo jeedinayay dowladdi markaas jirtay ee Maxamed Siyaad Barre. Xiireey waxuu ahaa qofka 88aad ee bayaankaas ku saxiixan.&lt;ref&gt;https://goobjooge.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Liiska-Odayaasha-Bayaanka-soo-Saaray.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Markii ay dagaalada sokeeye ay ka dhaceen Soomaaliya, Xiireey waxaa uu ka mid noqday hoggaamiyeyaasha siyaasadda Soomaaliya. Waxuu Wasiirka Guryaynta iyo Horumarinta magaalooyinka ka noqday dowladdii Jeneraal Caydiid ee aan la aqoonsan 1995-1996.
*[[ Cabdulqaair  Yaxye Cali]]: Waxaa uu ahaa shaqsi si aad ah loogu yaqaanay u olalaynta nabadda Soomaaliya, sumcad weyna ku dhex lahaa shacabka Soomaaliyeed iyo hey'adaha aduunka ee nabadda u olaleeya. Cabdiqaadir Yaxye waxaa uu ahaa aasaasihii iyo agaasimihii Hey'adda Wadatashiga iyo Cilmi Baarista oo magaceeda loo soo gaabiyo CRD, fadhigeeduna yahay magaalada Muqdisho.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | work=Hiiraan Online | url=http://www.hiiraan.com/op2/2007/july/commemoration_of_a_somali_peace_activist_abdulkadir_yahya_ali.aspx/ | title=Commemoration of a Somali Peace Activist Abdulkadir Yahya Ali | date=July 2007 | accessdate=29 December 2020 | archive-date=9 Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109042221/https://www.hiiraan.com/op2/2007/july/commemoration_of_a_somali_peace_activist_abdulkadir_yahya_ali.aspx | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale Cabdulqaadir waxaa uu mar soo noqday caawiye dhanka baratakoolka (Assistant Protocol) safaaraddi Mareeykanka ku lahaa Muqdisho oo uu marki dambana ka noqday lataliye safiirka Mareeykanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | work=AvKerry Walters, Robin Jarrell | url=https://www.scribd.com/book/399734280/Blessed-Peacemakers-365-Extraordinary-People-Who-Changed-the-World | title=Blessed Peacemakers: 365 Extraordinary People Who Changed the World | date=February 2007 | accessdate=29 December 2020 | archive-date=25 Bisha Afraad 2026 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260425201337/https://www.scribd.com/book/399734280/Blessed-Peacemakers-365-Extraordinary-People-Who-Changed-the-World | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Cabdulqaadir waxaa uu la taliye gaar ah u noqday mudane Cali Mahdi Maxamed marki loo doortay madaxwayne ku meel gaar ah sanaddi 1991. Cabdulqaadir Yaxye waxaa uu sidoo kale la taliye gaar ah u noqday ergaygi qaaska ahaa ee Mareeykanka u qaabilsanaa Soomaaliya Robert B. Oakley inti uu  socday Howgalki Rajo soo Celinta  (Operation Restore Hope) ee UNITAF/ UNISOM oo uu Mareeykanku hoggaaminayay, Cabulqaadir Yaxye waxaa uu Robert Oakley si weyn ugala shaqeeyay sidii la isagu soo dhaweyn lahaa Cali Mahdi iyo Caydiid oo markaa ku dagaalamayay magaalada Muqdisho. Cabdulqaadir oo la shaqaynayay Robert Oakley waxuu gacan weyn ka geystay xabad joojinti kumeel gaarka ahayd ee la dhex dhigay Cali Mahdi iyo Caydiid 1992.
*[[Xassan Maxamed Afrax]] (Xassan Cirro): Agaasimaha maamulka badda Soomaaliya (Somalia Maritime Administration) 2018-ilaa hadda. 
*[[Cadar Cali Maxamad]] (Cadar Shalaqbeen) Xildhibaan BJFS ee kursiga HOP-081 horayna uso noqotay Agaasimaha wacyigalinta iyo xiriirka  Bulshada Wasaaradda Haweenka Dowladda Federaalka Soomaaliya
*[[Cabdulqaadir Maxamed Maxamuud]] (Caanaboore): Guddoomiye ku xigeenki koobaad ee gobolka Banaadir ahaana guddoomiyihii maamulka iyo maaliyadda gobolka Banaadir. November 2020 Ilaa November 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | work=Goobjooge| url=https://goobjooge.net/madaxweyne-farmaajo-oo-g-banaadir-u-magaacabay-guddoomiye-ku-xigeeno-xoghaye-cusub-akhriso/ | title=Madaxweyne Farmaajo oo G/Banaadir u magaacabay Guddoomiye ku xigeeno &amp; Xoghaye cusub |date= November 2020 | accessdate= 19 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;  
*[[Cali Maxamed Qaasim]] (Cali Maseer): (AUN) waxa uu soo noqday maareeyihi guud ee dekadda magaaalada Muqdisho 1985. Sido kale wuxu so noqday 1989 Wasiirka Dekedaha iyo Gaadiidka Badda dowladdi Kacaanka .
*[[Muuse Maxamed Afrax]]: (AUN) waxaa uu ka soo mid noqday agaasinka sare ee xafiiska Ra'iisalwasaare Cali Khaliif Galaydh, dowladdii uu madaxda ka ahaa Dr. Cabdiqaasim Salaad Xassan. Sidoo kale waxuu muddo dheer la soo shaqeeyay UN Somalia qaybaheeda kala duwan.
*[[Mahad Sheekh Cali Cibaar]]: Wasiir ku xigeenka Wasaaradda Ganacsiga iyo Warshadaha ee Galmudug ahna xildhibaan ka tirsan baarlamanka Galmudug. 
* [[Cabdulqaadir Cali Booy]]: Waxaa uu soo noqday agaasimaha maamulka lacagta ee madaxtooyada qaranka (Villa Somalia), dowladihi Sheekh Shariif iyo Xassan Sheekh. 
* [[Maxamed Cabdulqaadir Cali]] (Jacfar Yare): Guddoomiye ku Xigeenka Arrimaha Bulshada ee Degmada Dayniile. 
*[[Cali Cabduqaadir Yaxye]] : Wuxu so noqday uqaybsamaha dhalinyarada wadanka Netherlands e qaramada midoobay: 
*[[Maxamed Xassan Cali]] : Wasiir ku xigeenki hore ee Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Galmdug, maamuladi Cabdukariin Guuleed iyo Xaaf.
*[[ Cabdikariim Cumar Axmed ]]: Xildhibaan hore oo ka tirsanaa baarlamaanki 1aad ee Galmudug 2015-2020.
* [[Sheekh Cali Cibaar ]]: (AUN) Waxaa uu ka mid ah culimada diinta islaamka ee ugu caansan Soomaaliya gaar ahaan gobolada dhexe ee Soomaaliya. Waxuu qayb weyn ka qaatay fidinta diinta Islaamka gobolada Dhexe Soomaaliya gaar ahaan bariga gobolka Galgaduud. Sheekhu waxuu ku aasanyahay oo lagu siyaaran jiray degmada Galhareeri ee gobolka Galgaduud.
* [[Abuukar Maxamuud Gacal ]] Guddoomiye ku xigeenka hay'adda caalamiga ah ee International Rescue Committee (IRC) faraceeda Somaliya horana uga mid ahaa maamulka sare ee hay'adda CONCERN qaybteeda Soomaaliya. 
* [[Caasha Cali Maxamuud Afrax ]] (Caaisha Afrax): Wariye ka tirsan telefishinka BBC Somali.
* [[ Ciise Maxamuud Siicoow ]]: Agaasimaha maamulka shaqaalaha (HRM ka ) ee dekeddda Muqdisho. 
* [[Dr. Cariif Qaasim Weheliye ]] (AUN) wuxu ahaa Dhaqtar weyn.
* [[Col. Axmed Maxamed Dhiblaawe ]](AUN) wuxuu ahaa sarkaal ciidan
* [[Col. Xuseen Cumar Yalaxoow ]] (AUN) wuxuu ahaa sarkaal ciidan 
*Ganacsade Cali Cabdulle Maxamuud (Cali Dheere): Ganacsade ka mid ah ganacsatada magaalada Muqdisho kana soo mid noqday maamulka Rugta Ganacsiga Soomaaliya
*Ganacsade Cumar Weheliye
*Ganacsade Shire Nuur Gacal
*Ganacsade Cali Maxamuud Afrax 
*Abwaan Axmed Caddeey (AUN)
*Wariye Muuse Maxamuud Jiisoow: Agaasimaha Star TV ee xaruntiisu tahay Magaalada Muqdisho.
*Injineer Cabdikariim Sh. Cali Cibaar: Injineer caan oo u soo shaqeeyay dowladda hoose ee Xamar. Meelaha caanka ah ee uu dhisay ama wax ka dhisay waxaa ka mid ah: Isbitaalka caanka ah ee SOS,  masjidka weyn ee Isbahaysiga Islaamka iyo dhismaha wasaaradda dhalinyarada iyo ciyaaraha oo intaba ku yaala magaalada Muqdisho.

==Nabaddoonada Beesha==

*Nabaddoon Cali Maxamuud Mahadalle (Cali Geel) Nabaddoonka guud ee beesha
*Nabaddoon Xaaji Maxamed Afrax Weheliye (AUN) Nabaddoon guud oo hore
*Nabaddoon Sheekh Axmed Jawle (AUN) Nabaddoon guud oo hore
*Nabaddoon Maxamed Cabdi Badane
*Nabaddoon Maxamed Axmed Yalaxoow (Maxamed Dheere)
*Nabadoon Cabdullaahi Caraaye 
*Nabaddoon Cabdi Jimcaale Calasoow
*Nabaddoon Axmed Barre Cabdi (Xureey Baare)
*Nabaddoon Cali Qaambe (Nabaddoon Guud gobalada dhexe) 
*Nabaddoon Xuseen Maxamed Siyaad (Xuseen Jiyeer)
*Nabaddoon Cali Faarax Maxamed (Cali Shanle)
*Nabaddoon Maxamed Maxamuud Siicow (Fooldibi) (AUN)
*Nabaddoon Xaaji Rooble Khadar
*Nabaddoon Mujaahid Xuseen Cumar Xayle (AUN)
*Nabaddoon Cali Xasan Caddoow (Cali Maanafaato)
*Nabaddoon Cali Booy (AUN)
*Nabaddoon Xaaji Maxamuud Faarax (Xaaji Waasac) (AUN)
*Nabaddoon Nuur Cirroobe Fiidow

==Sidoo kale fiiri==

*[[Soomaali|Beelaha Soomaalida]]

==Tixraac==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Beelaha Soomaalida}}
{{Commons|Category:Darod}}
[[Category:Qabiilada Soomaalida]]
[[Category:Soomaali]]
[[Category:Dadka Soomaaliga]]
[[Category:Qabaa'ilada Soomaaliya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Aborepi</title>
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Aborepi sudaan
[[File:Apedemak temple in Musawwarat es-sufra 2018.jpg|thumb|right|250px|]]
{{Flag|Sudan}}
magaaloka boqorada masar , sudaan nubian, kushtic, dhaqanka qadiimiga ah ee bariga africa, citie waa magaalo weyn oo casri ah oo ku taal bangiyada neil oo dhan ilaa xadka uganda iyo itoobiya bariga.

==warka==
* https://vici.org/vici/55752/
* https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10437-014-9169-0
* https://web.archive.org/web/20241130114717/https://core.ac.uk/reader/161528870


[[Category:Taariikhda qadiimiga ee Punt iyo Masar]]


==sido Kale fiiri==
*[[Suudaan]]
*[[Meroe]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Gantaal THAAD</title>
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{{Flag|United States}}

[[File:The_first_of_two_Terminal_High_Altitude_Area_Defense_(THAAD)_interceptors_is_launched_during_a_successful_intercept_test_-_US_Army.jpg|thumb|right|300px|]]

THAAD

Missle made in USA, nooca gantaalka, oo loo adeegsado masaafada dheer, wadamo badan ayaa iibsada thaad missle, oo leh ilaaliye dheer, iyo kala bixid, waa mid ka mid ah sysytemyada missle ee ugu fiican adduunka, thaad gantaal loo adeegsado gawaarida xamuulka ah ee ku dhex jira hubka adduunka oo dhan laga sameeyay Maraykanka


==Warka==

* https://www.japantimes.co.jp/tag/thaad/
* https://web.archive.org/web/20210419094729/http://gabbianonews.tv/2021/03/03/tasso-di-crescita-piu-alto-del-mercato-thaad-nel-2021-panorama-dei-fornitori-fattori-trainanti-globali-valutazione-dei-trend-e-previsione-delle-dimensioni-fino-al-2021-2024/
* https://abcnews.go.com/US/thaad-anti-missile-system-operational-south-korea/story?id=47137843
* https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/06/26/national/alternative-aegis-ashore/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/06/26/national/alternative-aegis-ashore/ |date=20210119133138 }}
* https://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2020/05/14/commentary/world-commentary/standing-economic-coercion-requires-middle-power-solidarity/
* https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-israel-military-idUSKCN1QL1B8
* https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2017-02-15/good-thaad-and-ugly
* https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/what-is-one-of-the-worlds-most-advanced-missile-defense-systems-doing-in-israel-582598


==Sido kale fiiri==

[[USA]]</text>
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      <text bytes="49579" sha1="duzncr5wq7vgutzjbrximgmxke4pqqj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Sulli|image=Sulli for Marie Claire Korea, July 2019 07.png|birth_name=Choi Jin-ri&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | title = Fans cash in with celebrity products | work = [[The Korea Times]] | date=February 2, 2016 | access-date=April 12, 2016 | url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/02/201_197106.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322054357/http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/02/201_197106.html | archive-date=March 22, 2016 | url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | url=http://sh.piao.com.cn/view/images/shanghai/smt/querenhan.html | script-title=zh:SMTownLive' 2010年上海演唱会 艺人演出确认函 | publisher=sh.piao.com.cn (中國票務在綫) | language=zh | access-date=January 7, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150824061116/http://sh.piao.com.cn/view/images/shanghai/smt/querenhan.html | archive-date=August 24, 2015 | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_date={{Birth date|1994|03|29}}|birth_place=[[Busan]], Koonfur Kuuriya&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20120501000713 Behind the glamour: S.M. stars retrace their beginnings] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208014648/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20120501000713 |date=February 8, 2015 }} Koreaherald.com (May 1, 2012). Retrieved on January 28, 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;birthplace&quot;&gt;{{cite web |script-title=ko:f(x)설리, 에프터스쿨 리지와 '절친인증샷' 공개 |url = http://www.mydaily.co.kr/new_yk/html/read.php?newsid=201009240902341119 |publisher = 마이데일리 |date = September 24, 2010 |access-date = May 16, 2015 |language = ko |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150616085552/http://www.mydaily.co.kr/new_yk/html/read.php?newsid=201009240902341119 |archive-date = June 16, 2015 |url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|death_date=Oktoobar 13, 2019 ama&lt;br&gt;{{death date and age|2019|10|14|1994|3|29}}&lt;ref name=13_or_14/&gt;|death_place=[[Seongnam]], Koonfur Kuuriya|years active=2005–2019|module={{Infobox musical artist| embed=yes
| genre           = [[K-pop]]
| instrument      = Cod
| years_active    = 2009–2015 • 2018–2019
| label           = [[SM Entertainment]]
| associated_acts = {{flatlist|
* [[f(x)]]
}}
| website         =  
}}|image caption=Sulli ee ''[[Marie Claire|Marie Claire Korea]]'', 2019}}

'''Choi Jin-ri''' (Maarso 29, 1994&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=etDZAwAAQBAJ K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution]&lt;/ref&gt; – Oktoobar 13 ama 14, 2019&lt;ref&gt;http://192.168.8.1/html/index.html?url=www.joynews24.com{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://192.168.8.1/html/index.html?url=www.newdaily.co.kr{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;), oo si fiican loogu yaqaan magaceeda '''Sulli''', waxay ahayd [[Atoore|atariisho]] u dhalatay [[Koonfur Kuuriya]] iyo [[K-pop idol|fanaan]]. Sulli waxay markii ​​ugu horreysay u ciyaaray sidii atariisho cunug, iyadoo umuuqday xubin tageer ah oo ka tirsan [[Seoul Broadcasting System|SBS]] ee ''Ballad of Seodong'' (2005). Tan ka dib, waxay kasbatay dhowr door oo marti ah, oo ka soo muuqatay taxanaha telefishanka ''Love Needs a Miracle'' (2005) iyo ''Drama City'' (2007), iyo filimka ''Vacation'' (2006). Kadib waxay ka soo muuqatay filimada madaxbannaan ee ''Punch Lady'' (2007) iyo ''BA: BO'' (2008), tan horena waxay ahayd markii ugu horreysay oo ay ku matasho door layaableh.

Ka dib markii uu heshiis rikoor ah la saxeexday [[SM Entertainment]], Sulli waxay ku soo caanbaxay xubin ka mid ah kooxda gabdhaha [[f(x)]] ee la sameeyay 2009. Kooxda ayaa gaadhay guul muhiim ah iyo mid ganacsi labadaba. Isla mar ahaantaana xirfaddeeda muusigga, Sulli waxay ku soo laabtay jilitaanka iyadoo matalaya taxanaha majaajilada SBS ee ''[[The Beautiful You]]'' (2012), waxqabadkeeda si wanaagsan ayaa loo helay.

Xirfadda filimadda Sulli waxay ku sii korodhay iyada oo ay ku jileyso filimka ''The Pirates'' (2014) iyo ''Fashion King'' (2014). Intii lagu guda jiray booqashadii saxaafadda ee loogu talagalay Burcad-badeedda, Sulli waxay ka nasatay warshadaha madadaalada arrimo caafimaad awgood waxayna ku soo afjartay dhiirrigelinteedii f(x), waxay ka tagtay kooxdii 2015. Intii u dhaxeysay 2015 iyo 2017, waxay bilowday dhowr nooc olole ka hor intaanad noqon danjiraha astaanta adduunka ee [[Estée Lauder]]. Sulli waxay soo jiitay dareenkiisa doorka filimka ''[[Real]]'' (2017). Waxay markii dambe ku soo noqotay miyuusigga sanadkii 2018, iyadoo ka soo muuqanaysa heesta Dean &quot;Dayfly&quot; waxayna soo saartay heesteedii ugu horreysay ee keli ah &quot;[[Goblin]]&quot; bishii Juun 2019, oo ahayd mashruucii ugu dambeeyay ee muusig ka hor dhimashadeeda.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8484201/dean-sulli-rad-museum-dayfly&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/311/0001005612&lt;/ref&gt;

Sulli waxaa loo aqoonsaday inay tahay qof caan ka ah dhaqanka caanka ah ee Kuuriya sababtuna tahay qofnimadeeda hadal cad, iyadoo noqotay [[Google (fal)|qofka Google-ka ugu badan]] ee Koonfur Kuuriya 2017, ka hor Madaxweynaha [[Moon Jae-in]].&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ibtimes.sg/sulli-goblin-your-name-most-searched-google-korea-2017-21767&lt;/ref&gt;
== Shaqo ==
Markay Sulli ku jirtay fasalka afraad, waxay ka qaybgashay barnaamijka [[SM Entertainment]], oo ay ku luuqaynaysay S.E.S.  heesta cinwaankeedu yahay ''Chingu'' (&quot;Saaxiib&quot;).{{citation needed|date=October 2019}}  Hanti dhowrka kadib waxay si rasmi ah u noqotay S.M.  tababbaray isla sanadkaasna, waxay guuray qol jiif oo ay lajireen [[Taeyeon]] iyo [[Tiffany Young|Tiffany]] oo ka tirsan [[Girls' Generation]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.allkpop.com/article/2011/06/fxs-sulli-tears-up-while-talking-about-snsds-taeyeon-tiffany|title=f(x)'s Sulli tears up while talking about SNSD's Taeyeon, Tiffany|publisher=allkpop.com|date=June 28, 2011|access-date=March 31, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304102213/http://www.allkpop.com/article/2011/06/fxs-sulli-tears-up-while-talking-about-snsds-taeyeon-tiffany|archive-date=March 4, 2016|url-status=live}}{{unreliable source?|date=October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.allkpop.com/2011/06/fxs-sulli-tears-up-while-talking-about-snsds-taeyeon-tiffany|title=f(x)'s Sulli tears up while talking about SNSD's Taeyeon, Tiffany|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111031175759/http://www.allkpop.com/2011/06/fxs-sulli-tears-up-while-talking-about-snsds-taeyeon-tiffany|archive-date=October 31, 2011|publisher=[[Allkpop]]|date=June 28, 2011|access-date=May 21, 2014}}{{unreliable source?|date=October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2005, Sulli waxay bilawday inay si xirfadeysan u shaqeyso iyadoo 11 jir ah, markii loo doortay inay kaalin ka ciyaarto riwaayadii SBS ''Ballad of Seodong''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://news.kmib.co.kr/article/view.asp?arcid=0013818884&amp;code=61181111&amp;cp=nv|script-title=ko:설리 죽음에 구혜선이 올린 인스타… '아기설리' 호칭한 까닭|publisher=국민일보|access-date=October 14, 2019|language=ko|archive-date=June 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627131907/http://news.kmib.co.kr/article/view.asp?arcid=0013818884&amp;code=61181111&amp;cp=nv|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay sii waday inay qaadato doorka yar ee riwaayadaha telefishanka iyo filimada sida ''Vacation'' (2006), ''Punch Lady'' (2007), ''The Flower Girl is Here'' (2007) iyo ''BA:BO'' (2008).&lt;ref name=&quot;earlyacting&quot;&gt;[http://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/37612/20130813/f-x-singer-sulli-becomes-a-pirate.htm f(x) Singer Sulli Becomes A Pirate] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/37612/20130813/f-x-singer-sulli-becomes-a-pirate.htm |date=20140605052711 }}  Kpopstarz.com (August 13, 2013). Retrieved on June 1, 2014&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:F(x)_in_Microsoft_Windows_7_Blogger_777_Party_from_acrofan.jpg|right|thumb|f(x) wax ka qabashada xafladda Microsoft Windows 7 Blogger 777]]
Bishii Sebtember 5, 2009, waxay ka soo muuqatay xubin ka mid ah kooxda [[f(x)]], iyadoo heesta &quot;La Cha Ta&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20191014190923/https://metro.co.uk/2019/10/14/amber-liu-cancels-upcoming-activities-death-former-fx-bandmate-sulli-10914106/ Amber Liu cancels upcoming activities after death of former f(x) bandmate Sulli]&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Ogosto 2012, Sulli waxay jilay doorka hoggaamineed ee ''To the Beautiful You''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://news.maxmovie.com/movie_info/ent_news_view.asp?mi_id=MI0095970244|script-title=ko:`첫 주연` 설리 &quot;오랜만에 연기..떨려요&quot;|last=Park|first=Mi-ae|date=June 29, 2012|work=EDaily|access-date=October 26, 2019|publisher=Naver}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://joynews.inews24.com/php/news_view.php?g_menu=700210&amp;g_serial=668225&amp;rrf=nv|script-title=ko:설리 &quot;'아름다운 그대에게'로 첫 주연, 즐겁고 설렌다&quot;|last=Jang|first=Jin-ri|date=June 27, 2012|work=Joy News 24|access-date=October 26, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Tixraacyada riwaayaddu waxay bilaabeen inay idaacadda ka sii daayaan Ogosto 15, 2012. Sulli waxay ciyaartay Gu Jae-hee, oo isku ekaysiiya wiil ahaan si uu u dhigto isla iskuulka wiilka ay jeceshahay. Si loogu diyaariyo doorkeeda, Sulli oo caan ku ahaa timaheeda dhaadheer waxay iska jartay 60 cm.&lt;ref&gt;[http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/12315/fxs-sulli-cried-when-she-cut-her-hair Archived copy] Waxa laga kaydiyay [https://web.archive.org/web/20161222020819/http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/12315/fxs-sulli-cried-when-she-cut-her-hair the original] December 22, 2016. Soo qaatay August 18, 2016 &lt;/ref&gt; Waxay markii dambe ku guuleysatay Abaalmarinta Farshaxanistaha ee Abaalmarinta SBS.&lt;ref name=&quot;award&quot;&gt;[http://news.joins.com/article/10310139 {{Wayback|url=http://news.joins.com/article/10310139 |date=20160827172646 }} &lt;nowiki&gt;SBS연기대상]뉴스타상, 아이돌스타만 4명 수상&lt;/nowiki&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2013, Sulli iyo [[Krystal Jung]] waxay noqdeen wejiyada cusub ee sumadda qurxinta, Etude House.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Jung|first1=Jung-wook|script-title=ko:아웃도어부터 속옷까지… 패션·뷰티 '아이돌 천하'|url=http://www.sportsworldi.com/newsView/20130127022617|access-date=October 14, 2019|work=Sports World|date=January 27, 2013|language=ko|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225122747/http://www.sportsworldi.com/newsView/20130127022617|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intii lagu gudajiray xayeysiisyada ''Red Light'', bishii Luulyo 24, 2014, SM Entertainment ayaa ku dhawaaqday in Sulli ay go'aansaday inay ka nasto warshadaha madadaalada sababo la xiriira maskax ahaan iyo jir ahaanba ka daalay faallooyinka xun ee joogtada ah iyo xanta xiriirkeeda Choiza, taas oo ahayd  aan la xaqiijin waqtigaas, iyo warar been abuur ah oo ku saabsan inay uur leedahay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Kim|first1=Min-jung|script-title=ko:설리 활동 중단, 최자 열애설부터 임신설-잠적설…악성루머 유포자 검거까지 &quot;무슨일이?&quot;|url=http://enter.etoday.co.kr/view/news_view.php?varAt|access-date=October 16, 2019|work=Biz Center|date=July 25, 2014|language=ko|archive-date=June 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627111154/http://enter.etoday.co.kr/view/news_view.php?varAt|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|script-title=ko:설리 악플 그렇게 힘들었나.. &quot;연예활동 잠정 중단&quot; 최자 루머는 무엇|url=http://pop.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=201407251133023857438_1|access-date=October 16, 2019|work=Herald POP|date=July 25, 2014|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Lee|first1=Hye-rin|script-title=ko:설리, 당분간 연예활동 쉰다..&quot;악플-루머로 고통&quot;|url=http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1109912779|access-date=October 16, 2019|work=Osen|date=July 25, 2014|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;kdramastars&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Jones|first1=Julie|title=HOME Celebs View Archives Rumors Force Sulli To Take A Break From Performing|url=http://www.kdramastars.com/articles/30369/20140725/rumors-force-sulli-to-take-a-break-from-performing.htm|website=Kdramastars|publisher=Kdramastars|access-date=February 3, 2015|date=July 25, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219024744/http://www.kdramastars.com/articles/30369/20140725/rumors-force-sulli-to-take-a-break-from-performing.htm|archive-date=February 19, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyada oo ka nasatay shaqada, kamay qayb galin kor u qaadista filimkii ''The Pirates'' oo ay weheliso Son Ye-jin iyo Kim Nam-gil,&lt;ref name=&quot;earlyacting&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201408281014050510|script-title=ko:설리 '패션왕' 홍보 전면불참? &quot;SM과 논의해야 돼&quot;|last=Ha|first=Soo-jung|date=August 28, 2014|work=Newsen|access-date=October 19, 2019|archive-date=June 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627093651/https://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201408281014050510|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha noqotee, isla sanadkaas, waxay dib u bilawday shaqadeeda jilista iyadoo ka qeyb gashay kor u qaadista filimkii majaajilada ee 2014 ee ''Fashion King'', halkaas oo ay door hoggaamineed kula qaadatay Joo Won iyo Kim Sung-oh.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://star.mbn.co.kr/view.php?no=1376505&amp;year=2014|script-title=ko:설리, '패션왕으로 컴백!' [MBN포토]|date=October 31, 2014|work=MBN|access-date=October 19, 2019|archive-date=June 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629110434/https://star.mbn.co.kr/view.php?no=1376505&amp;year=2014|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Ogos 2015, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in Sulli uu si rasmi ah kooxda uga fasaxay.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2015/08/386_184442.html|title=Sulli no longer f(x) member|publisher=[[The Korea Times]]|date=August 9, 2015|access-date=August 13, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150811222619/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2015/08/386_184442.html|archive-date=August 11, 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Real_cast.jpg|right|thumb|Sulli oo ay weheliyaan jilayaasha ''Real'']]
Sannadkii 2017, Sulli waxay jilay door hoggaamineed oo ku jiray filimkii ''[[Real]]'' ee [[Kim Soo-hyun]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.kpopherald.com/view.php?ud=201512291740066373360_2|title=Sulli to star in movie with Kim Soo-hyun|access-date=August 18, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819140437/http://www.kpopherald.com/view.php?ud=201512291740066373360_2|archive-date=August 19, 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sulli waxaa lagu soo qaatay hal heesihii Dean ee &quot;Dayfly&quot;, oo la sii daayay 9-kii Nofeembar, 2018.&lt;ref name=&quot;billboard1&quot; /&gt;

Sannadkii 2019, Sulli waxay ku biiray barnaamijka JTBC2 ''[[The Night of Hate Comments]]'', kaas oo ka hadlay falcelinta dadka caanka ah ee ku aaddan faallooyinka nacaybka, wararka xanafta leh iyo xoogsheegashada ay kala kulmeen khadka tooska ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;first&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Kim|first=Kyeong-young|script-title=ko:#관종 #노브라 #마약…'악플의 밤' 설리 향한 오해와 진심→응원 ing|url=https://www.ytn.co.kr/_sn/1406_201906221548019643|date=June 22, 2019|work=[[YTN]]|language=ko|access-date=June 24, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624080743/https://www.ytn.co.kr/_sn/1406_201906221548019643|archive-date=June 24, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;first&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;kimmel&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Kang|first=Hae-ryun|title=How a K-pop star's death reveals the truth about our society|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/10/15/how-k-pop-stars-death-reveals-truth-about-our-society/|date=October 16, 2019|work=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=October 16, 2019|archive-date=October 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016020838/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/10/15/how-k-pop-stars-death-reveals-truth-about-our-society/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay ku raacday nin faallo bixiya oo sheegay in guusheeda ugu weyni ay tahay joogitaankeeda bulsheed iyo inay tahay qof fiiro gaar ah u baahan. Waxay ku raacsaneyd nin faallo bixiya oo sheegay inay u egtahay &quot;daroogo&quot; ardeydeeda waaweyn ee weyn, iyadoo sheegtay inaysan sameyn wax sharci darro ah, laakiin ay baratay dhaqanka daroogada intii ay ku jirtay filimkeedii ''Real''.&lt;ref name=&quot;first&quot; /&gt;  Waxayna beenisay inay bilaa geesinimo doonayso inay fiiro gaar ah u yeelato, iyadoo sheegtay inay iyada u tahay raaxo badan, iyo sidoo kale &quot;mid dabiici ah oo ka qurux badan&quot;, waxayna u aragtaa in rajabeetadu ay tahay qalab ay mararka qaarkood xirato.&lt;ref name=&quot;first&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;newsweek&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Tufayel|first=Ahmed|title=K-POP SINGER SULLI, WHO SPOKE OUT AGAINST CYBERBULLIES, DEAD AT 25|url=https://www.newsweek.com/sulli-k-pop-singer-dead-choi-jin-ri-sm-entertainment-1464962|date=October 14, 2019|work=[[Newsweek]]|access-date=October 14, 2019|archive-date=October 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020182500/https://www.newsweek.com/sulli-k-pop-singer-dead-choi-jin-ri-sm-entertainment-1464962|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay tiri, &quot;Waxaan jeclaan lahaa in dadku i soo eegaan oo ay ka fikiraan, 'Hagaag, qof sidan oo kale ah ayaa jira!'. Aqbal farqiga&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;first&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;kimmel&quot; /&gt;  Intii ay ka hadlaysay faallooyinkii xumaa ee ay heshay, waxay sheegtay inay billowday inay dacwado hal jeer, laakiin faallooyinka, arday dhigta kulleej caan ah, ayaa soo diray warqad dheer oo raaligelin ah, iyaduna way cafisay.  Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxay sheegtay in aysan sidan oo kale sameyn doonin markale.&lt;ref name=&quot;first&quot; /&gt;  Bishii Oktoobar 14, 2019, jilayaasha iyo soo-saareyaashu waxay duubeen dhacdo kale, jadwalka Isniinta, iyaga oo aan ka warqabin geerida Sulli, oo la soo sheegay xilli dambe oo maalinta ah .&lt;ref name=&quot;newsweek&quot; /&gt;

Sulli ayaa la tuuray xilli ciyaareedkii labaad ee taxanaha [[Netflix]] ee ''Persona''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2019/08/31/2019083100345.html|title=Sulli to Appear in Netflix Series|date=August 31, 2019|website=The Chosun Ilbo|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901150620/http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2019/08/31/2019083100345.html|archive-date=September 1, 2019|access-date=September 1, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oktoobar 23, 2019, Mystic Story waxay shaaca ka qaaday inay go'aansadeen inay si ku meel gaar ah u joojiyaan wax soo saarka,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1111246483|script-title=ko:故설리 주연 '페르소나2' 제작 중단..제작사 측 &quot;확인중&quot;[공식]|last=Kim|first=Bo-ra|date=October 23, 2019|website=OSEN|access-date=October 24, 2019|archive-date=October 24, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024091825/http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1111246483|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; maadaama Sulli uu dhexda kaga jiray duubista qeybta labaad shantii qaybood ee qorsheysnaa ee taxanaha markii ay dhimatay.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.busan.com/view/busan/view.php?code=2019102318374097117|script-title=ko:'페르소나2' 공식입장 &quot;故 설리 촬영분 공개 여부 미정&quot;|last=Jang|first=Hye-jin|date=October 23, 2019|website=Busan Ilbo|access-date=October 23, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muuqaalka dadweynaha ==
[[File:Sulli at Longchamp Boutique Opening Event on December 21, 2018 (3).png|thumb|Sulli ee Diseembar 21, 2018]]
{{quote box|quote=Markii ugu horreysay ee aan sawiradayda soo dhigo bilaa rajabeeto, waxaa jiray fal-celinno badan oo kala duwan.  Waan baqi karayay oo dhuumanayay, laakiin ma aanan sameyn.  Waxaan rabay in eexashada dadka la waayo.|source=— Sulli qaybtii ugu horreysay ee ''The Night of Hate Comments'' ee 2019&lt;ref name=&quot;first&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;kimmel&quot;/&gt;|align=left|width=17%|bgcolor=#CCDDFF|salign=right}}Ka dib markii ay ka baxday f(x), Sulli waxay heshay feejignaan saxaafadeed oo cusbooneysiisay shaqsiyaddeeda aan caadiga ahayn ee soo dhoweynta dadweynaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;critic5&quot;&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://news.nate.com/view/20190409n24759?mid=n1008 &lt;nowiki&gt;&quot;잊을만 하면&quot; 설리 탈아이돌 행보, 캐스팅은 가능할까[이슈와치]&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;].&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Qaar ka mid ah xubnaha warbaahinta waxay ugu yeereen &quot;eccentric&quot; iyo &quot;fikir hore&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://news.nate.com/view/20170108n03151?mid=n1008 &quot;웃으라고? 글쎄다&quot;…설리, SNS 기행 네버엔딩&quot;].&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/286028/20170726/sulli-hara-uee-ga-in-share-this-horrible-thing-in-common.htm &quot;Sulli, Hara, Uee &amp; Ga In Share This Horrible Thing In Common&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/286028/20170726/sulli-hara-uee-ga-in-share-this-horrible-thing-in-common.htm |date=20180523082125 }}. ''Kpop Starz''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;carefree&quot;&gt;[https://channel-korea.com/sulli-instagram-feeds/ &quot;Let's check out Sulli's Instagram feed!&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://channel-korea.com/sulli-instagram-feeds/ |date=20191019051623 }}. ''Channel Korea''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;carefree2&quot;&gt;[https://channels.vlive.tv/C7A6F1/vtoday/1.10755332 &quot;Sulli proves herself a free spirit with unbuttoned-pant style&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://channels.vlive.tv/C7A6F1/vtoday/1.10755332 |date=20191019051628 }}. ''OSEN''.&lt;/ref&gt;  halka warbaahinta muxaafidka ah ay u arkeen iyada &quot;mid aan munaasib ahayn&quot; iyo &quot;caqli xumo&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;critic1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20190214000035/http://en.businesstimes.cn/articles/106713/20190117/sulli-shares-thoughts-about-controversial-photos-upset-about-people-stereotyping-her.htm &quot;Sulli Shares Thoughts About Controversial Photos: Upset About People Stereotyping Her&quot;]. ''Business Times''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;critic2&quot;&gt;[http://www.kpopherald.com/view.php?ud=201608071745554367070_2 &quot;f(x)'s Sulli bra-less again?&quot;]. [[The Korea Herald|''The Korea Herald'']].&lt;/ref&gt; Tiro warbaahin ah ayaa u aaneeyay dib u dhaca Sulli xaqiiqda ah in muuqaalkeeda guud aan si taxaddar leh loo dhisin sida in badan oo ka mid ah asaaggeeda ay ku ahaayeen sanamyada sanamku ay ahaayeen,&lt;ref name=&quot;idol life&quot;&gt;Elfving-Hwang, Joanna. &quot;K-pop Idols, Artificial Beauty and Affective Fan Relationships in South Korea.&quot; in ''Routledge Handbook of Celebrity Studies'', edited by Anthony Elliott. London:  Routledge, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;  waxayna si toos ah uga horyimid rajooyinka bulshada ee haweenka dhaqanka Kuuriya.&lt;ref name=&quot;critic2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;critic3&quot;&gt;[https://seoulbeats.com/2017/05/is-sulli-a-symbol-of-sexual-liberation-or-internalized-oppression/ &quot;Is Sulli a Symbol of Sexual Liberation or Internalized Oppression?&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://seoulbeats.com/2017/05/is-sulli-a-symbol-of-sexual-liberation-or-internalized-oppression/ |date=20191018052455 }}. ''Seoulbeats''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;critic4&quot;&gt;[https://www.pri.org/stories/2016-04-25/k-pop-s-gross-double-standard-women &quot;K-pop's gross double standard for women&quot;]. ''pri.org''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;critic6&quot;&gt;[http://en.koreaportal.com/articles/45970/20180711/sulli-shares-another-series-of-sexy-snaps-fans-call-former-f-x-member-real-feminist.htm &quot;Sulli Shares Another Series Of Sexy Snaps; Fans Call Former f(x) Member 'Real Feminist' &quot;]. ''Korea Portal''.&lt;/ref&gt; ''Associated Press'' ayaa Sulli ku tilmaamtay qof &quot;caan ku ahaa codkeeda dhedignimada iyo aftahanimada oo naadir ku ahayd dumarka madadaalada ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed oo si qoto dheer muxaafid u ah.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.apnews.com/0cb3cc85bef146a082ef5e43e0411253 &quot;South Korean pop star Sulli found dead at her home&quot;]. ''Associated Press''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;CBS&quot;&gt;[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/sulli-died-former-fx-member-korean-pop-star-found-dead-today-her-home-cause-of-death-not-released-2019-10-14/ &quot;Sulli, South Korean pop star, found dead at her home at age 25&quot;]. ''CBS News''.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Ogosto 14, 2018, Sulli waxay muujiyey taageerada [[Dumarka raaxada|Maalinta Dumarka raaxada]], oo ah maalin xusuus qaran ah oo lagu sharfayo dhibbanayaasha addoonsiga galmada intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka ee Ciidanka Imbaraadoonka Jabaan.&lt;ref name=&quot;comfort women&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://news.nate.com/view/20180814n04058?mid=n1008|script-title=ko:[★해시태그] 설리, 위안부 피해자 기림의 날 알렸다…의미있는 행보|trans-title=|last=Park|first=So-hyun|date=|work=Xsports News|publisher=[[Nate]]|access-date=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intaa waxaa dheer, Sulli waxay ku dhawaaqday inay u doodeeysay [[Rajabeeto la'aan|dhaqdhaqaaqa rajabeetada]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-50041130|title=K-pop star Sulli found dead aged 25|date=October 14, 2019|work=BBC|access-date=October 14, 2019|archive-date=October 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015053750/https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-50041130|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;scandal&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.asiaone.com/entertainment/k-pop-star-sulli-accidentally-exposes-breast-during-live-streaming-social-media|title=K-pop star Sulli accidentally exposes breast during live-stream|date=October 3, 2019|work=Asia One|access-date=October 14, 2019|archive-date=October 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014122833/https://www.asiaone.com/entertainment/k-pop-star-sulli-accidentally-exposes-breast-during-live-streaming-social-media|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;first2&quot; /&gt;

Sulli, nolosheeda dhabta ah, waxay ka hadashay cagajuglaynta internetka, taas oo shakhsi ahaan u saamaysay iyada oo inta badan ahayd bartilmaameedka xadgudubka internetka ee sawirkeeda dadweynaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;CBS2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Sulli, South Korean pop star, found dead at her home at age 25|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/sulli-died-former-fx-member-korean-pop-star-found-dead-today-her-home-cause-of-death-not-released-2019-10-14/|date=October 14, 2019|work=[[CBS News]]|access-date=October 15, 2019|archive-date=October 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015145642/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/sulli-died-former-fx-member-korean-pop-star-found-dead-today-her-home-cause-of-death-not-released-2019-10-14/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;newsweek2&quot; /&gt; Waxay muujisay rajada ay ka qabto in dadku ay aqbalaan kala duwanaanshiyaha midba midka kale, waxayna tidhi, &quot;Waxaa jira dad badan oo kala duwan oo dalkan ku nool oo leh karti aad u badan, waxaanan dareemayaa inay ku luminayaan iyaga oo tamartooda gelinaya si ay u dhaleeceeyaan kuwa kale ee noocan oo kale ah internetka.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;newsweek2&quot; /&gt;

== Nolosha shaqsiga ah ==
Doonista inay noqoto atariisho, Sulli waxay dhigatay Iskuulka Hoose ee Jungbu ka hor inta aysan u guurin Seoul kaligeed 2004, halka fasalka afaraad, si ay uga qeyb gasho laanta Seoul ee MTM Academy, oo ah iskuul tiyaatar waqti-dhiman ah halkaas oo ay ku baratay heesaha, qoob-ka-ciyaarka, iyo ku simaha.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}} Horay waxaa uga qortay dugsi kale oo jilitaanka hooyadeed iyadoo yar.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2009112415252102532 &quot;MY NAME... f(x) - Part 2&quot;]. asiae.co.kr.&lt;/ref&gt;  Kahor kulankeedii ugu horreeyay ee atariishada cunugga ka dib markii ay u saxiixday SM Entertainment, magaceeda dhalashada Choi Jin-ri;  oo macnaheedu yahay &quot;runta&quot; oo Kuuriyaan ah, waxaa loo beddelay masraxa masraxa Sulli oo ay soo jeedisay weriye dareemay in magaceeda dhalasho uu yahay &quot;mid aad u masiixi ah&quot; iyo in dadka diimaha kale aan jeclayn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=117&amp;aid=0003238501|script-title=ko:'악플의밤' 설리 &quot;예명 '설리', 아역시절 기자가 강제로 지어준 이름&quot;|date=|website=[[Naver]]|language=ko|trans-title=On &quot;Night of Hate Comments&quot;, Sulli Talks About Her Stage Name that a Reporter Forced on Her During Her Childhood|access-date=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;stage name1&quot;&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://news.nate.com/view/20181016n18773?mid=n1008 '진리상점' 설리 &quot;원치 않은 활동명, 처음엔 정말 싫었다&quot;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Newsen. ''Nate''. &lt;/ref&gt; Hal wareysi, waxay ku fasirtay magaceeda masraxa inay ka dhigan tahay &quot;ubax pear baraf ah&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stage name&quot;&gt;[http://functionlove.net/2013/08/19/trans-130818-fsulli-ceci-korea-september-issue-interview/ &quot;f(Sulli) Ceci Korea September Issue – Interview&quot;]. functionlove.net. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://news.nate.com/view/20181016n18773?mid=n1008 '진리상점' 설리 &quot;원치 않은 활동명, 처음엔 정말 싫었다&quot;].&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Intii u dhaxeysay Sebtember 2013 iyo Maarso 2017, Sulli wuxuu xiriir la lahaa xubinta Dynamic Duo Choiza,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|script-title=ko:SM-아메바컬쳐, 설리-최자 열애 공식 인정 &quot;발전하고 있는 단계&quot;|url=http://sports.chosun.com/news/ntype.htm?id=201408200100208100013287&amp;servicedate=20140819|access-date=|work=Sports Chosun|date=|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|script-title=ko:설리-최자 열애 공식 인정…소속사 &quot;발전하고 있는 단계&quot;|url=http://sports.chosun.com/news/ntype.htm?id=201408200100209870013373&amp;servicedate=20140819|access-date=|work=Sports Chosun|date=|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://www.ytn.co.kr/_ln/0106_201703062202554924 설리-최자, 2년 7개월 만에 결별].&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; inta lagu gudajiray labada qof ee caanka ah waxay heleen faallooyin xaasidnimo ah iyo xoogsheegasho intaba xiriirkoodii guud.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Lee|first1=Hye-rin|script-title=ko:&quot;설리, 너 용서할 수 없다&quot; 안티로 돌변한 팬들 무섭다|url=http://news.kukinews.com/news/article.html?no=219765|access-date=|work=Kuki News|date=|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.vogue.co.kr/2019/10/16/%EC%B5%9C%EC%9E%90-%EC%98%9B-%EC%97%B0%EC%9D%B8-%EC%84%A4%EB%A6%AC-%EC%B6%94%EB%AA%A8/ 최자, 옛 연인 설리 추모]&lt;/bdi&gt;. ''Vogue'' (Kuuriya)''.''&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Oktoobar 2018, Sulli waxay shaaca ka qaaday inay la halgamaysay cilad argagax iyo cuqdad bulsho tan iyo markii ay yarayd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/people-events/article/2169149/k-pop-star-sulli-reveals-her-struggles-panic-disorder &quot;K-pop star Sulli reveals her struggles with panic disorder: 'Nobody understood me, which made me fall apart' &quot;]. ''Korea Times''. South China Morning Post.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/k-pop-singer-found-dead-in-suspected-suicide-highlighting-mental-health-pressures/2019/10/14/1e69a8de-ee67-11e9-bb7e-d2026ee0c199_story.html &quot;K-pop singer Sulli found dead in suspected suicide, highlighting mental health pressures&quot;]. ''Washington Post''.&lt;/ref&gt; Dhimashadeeda ka hor, Sulli wuxuu la il darnaa diiqad daran.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/oct/14/sulli-k-pop-star-former-fx-member-found-dead-aged-25 &quot;Sulli, K-pop star and actor, found dead aged 25&quot;]. ''The Guardian''.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dhimasho iyo saameyn ==
[[File:Sulli_Oct_16-4_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb|Taageerayaasha albaabka hoolka xusuusta, Isbitaalka Severance, Oktoobar 16, 2019]]
Warar si qarsoodi ah u soo saaray shaqaale ka tirsan xarunta gurmadka degdegga ah ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in Oktoobar 14, 2019,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|script-title=ko:경기소방, '설리 사망' 내부문건 유출 대국민 사과...&quot;엄중 문책&quot;|url=http://news.bbsi.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=956754|access-date=|work=BBS News|date=|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://news.jtbc.joins.com/article/article.aspx?news_id=NB11896557 온라인에 퍼진 '설리 사망' 보고서…유출자는 '공무원']&lt;/bdi&gt;. ''JTBC News''.&lt;/ref&gt; ugu yaraan 3:20 pm  KST, Sulli waxaa meydkeeda helay maamuleheeda ka dib markii ay isku daldashay dabaqa labaad ee gurigeeda oo ku yaal Seongnam, koonfurta Seoul.&lt;ref name=&quot;cause of death&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;&gt;[http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20191014000871 &quot;Singer and actor Sulli found dead&quot;]. ''Korea Herald''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=076&amp;aid=0003481064 14일 숨진 채 발견 &quot;평소 우울증&quot;…경찰 &quot;극단적 선택 추정&quot;]&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20191017041724/https://joongang.joins.com/23603387.html#home &lt;nowiki&gt;[속보] 경찰 &quot;설리, 성남 자택서 사망…매니저가 발견&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. ''JoongAng''.&lt;/ref&gt; Maamulaha ayaa lagu soo waramayaa inuu booqday guriga markii uu awoodi waayey inuu helo, ka dib markii uu Sulli kula hadlay taleefanka maalintii hore 6:30 pm. KST.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.donga.com/news/article/all/20191014/97870041/2 &lt;nowiki&gt;[속보] 경찰 &quot;설리 성남 자택서 숨진 채 발견…매니저가 신고&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. ''DongA''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://variety.com/2019/music/asia/sulli-k-pop-star-dies-dead-at-25-fx-1203369403/ &quot;Korean Pop Star Sulli Dies at 25&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.newsis.com/view/?id=NISX20191014_0000798478&amp;pID=14000 설리 숨진 채 발견…유서 발견 안 돼(종합)]&lt;/bdi&gt;. ''Newsis''.&lt;/ref&gt; Booliisku waxay sheegeen inay baarayaan inay tahay ismiidaamin maadaama aysan jirin calaamado muujinaya ciyaar xumaan ama jabitaan.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://www.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/201910142116015755?did=NA&amp;dtype=&amp;dtypecode=&amp;prnewsid= 설리, 노트에 심경 변화 글… 경찰 &quot;극단적 선택에 무게&quot;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. ''Hankook Ilbo''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://news.kbs.co.kr/news/view.do?ncd=4302129&amp;ref=A &lt;nowiki&gt;[속보] 가수 겸 배우 설리 숨진 채 발견…&quot;극단적 선택 추정&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. ''KBS News''.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay ka heleen xusuus qor xusuus-qor ah oo ay ku sharraxday dareenkeeda, laakiin waxay ku soo gabagabeysay inaysan ahayn qoraal is-miidaamin ah.&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.kmib.co.kr/article/view.asp?arcid=0013819872&amp;code=61121211&amp;cp=nv 설리 자택 안에서 발견된 자필 메모…심경 변화 담긴 긴 글]. ''Kukmin Ilbo''.&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Oktoobar 15, booliisku wuxuu xareeyay meydka si loo xaqiijiyo sababta dhimashada&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.newsis.com/view/?id=NISX20191015_0000798879&amp;pID=14000 경찰, 설리 사인 밝히기 위해 부검영장 신청]&lt;/bdi&gt;. ''Newsis''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.sisa-news.com/news/article.html?no=121287 설리 부검 영장신청 &quot;유가족 동의하에 진행…사인 밝혀야&quot;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Sisa News.&lt;/ref&gt; oo ay sameysay subaxdii xigtay, iyada oo ku soo gabagabaysay in jirkeedu uusan ka muuqan wax calaamado dhimasho ah oo ay ugu wacan tahay awood dibadeed, waxayna u badan tahay ismiidaamin dhacday habeenki Oktoobar 13 ama subaxdii Oktoobar 14.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://www.mk.co.kr/star/hot-issues/view/2019/10/839593/ &lt;nowiki&gt;설리 부검결과, 경찰 &quot;타살 혐의 無...극단적 선택 소견&quot; [종합]&lt;/nowiki&gt;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Star Today.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Choi|first1=Jae-sung|script-title=ko:그냥 그대로 가게 놔두지 설리 부검, 얼마나 황망하고 안 믿어졌으니...|url=http://www.upkorea.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=648525|access-date=October 16, 2019|work=Up Korea|date=October 16, 2019|language=ko|archive-date=Bisha Labaad 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228062531/http://www.upkorea.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=648525|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;13_or_14&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.newdaily.co.kr/site/data/html/2019/10/15/2019101500198.html|script-title=ko:설리 '자동심장충격'에도 요지부동… 발견 때 이미 '사후강직'|last=Jo|first=Kwang-hyung|date=October 16, 2019|work=New Daily|access-date=October 18, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Aaska ayaa markii hore laga xiray warbaahinta iyo waliba taageerayaasha waxaana si gaar ah u qabtay xubnaha qoyska iyo asxaabta.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://www.seoul.co.kr/news/newsView.php?id=20191015500001&amp;wlog_tag3=naver SM엔터테인먼트 &quot;설리 모든 장례 절차 비공개로 진행&quot;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Seoul Newspaper.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.upkorea.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=648525 &lt;bdi&gt;그냥 그대로 가게 놔두지 설리 부검, 얼마나 황망하고 안 믿어졌으니...&lt;/bdi&gt;.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.upkorea.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=648525 |date=20210228062531 }} Up Korea.&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha noqotee, SM Entertainment waxay ka furtay goob gooni ah hoolka aaska ee Isbitaalka Severance ee Sinchon-dong, Seoul Oktoobar 15 iyo 16 taageerayaasha doonaya inay bixiyaan maamuus.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20191015118600005?input=1195m 설리 유족, 팬 조문 받기로…내일까지 신촌 세브란스]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Yonhap News.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://www.edaily.co.kr/news/read?newsId=02984806622653248&amp;mediaCodeNo=257&amp;OutLnkChk=Y SM 측 &quot;팬들 위한 故설리 조문 장소 마련.. 유가족 뜻&quot;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. EDaily.&lt;/ref&gt; Dad badan oo caan ah iyo shirkado, sida kuwii hore ee ay wada koox jireen [[Krystal Jung|Krystal]], Victoria Song, Amber Liu iyo [[Luna]],&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://www.hankyung.com/life/article/201910172181H {{Wayback|url=https://www.hankyung.com/life/article/201910172181H |date=20191210170415 }} &lt;nowiki&gt;[단독] 크리스탈, 3일 내내 설리 빈소 지켰다 … &quot;왜 추모글 안 올려?&quot; 악플 그만&lt;/nowiki&gt;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Hankyung Kyungjae.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Lee|first1=Ho-yeon|script-title=ko:f(x) 빅토리아, 故설리 비보에 中 드라마 촬영 중단→韓 입국|url=http://star.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/201910161766063271?did=NA&amp;dtype=&amp;dtypecode=&amp;prnewsid=|access-date=October 16, 2019|work=Hankook Ilbo|date=October 16, 2019|language=ko}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://daily.hankooki.com/lpage/entv/201910/dh20191016181902139020.htm 빅토리아, 한국 입국…'설리 사망' 비보에 中 드라마 촬영 중단]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Daily Hankook.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Lee|first1=Deok-haeng|script-title=ko:故 설리, 1차부검 &quot;범죄혐의점 無&quot;→에프엑스 멤버 일정 중단·최자 추모 [종합]|url=http://www.xportsnews.com/?ac=article_view&amp;entry_id=1183458|access-date=October 16, 2019|work=Xports News|date=October 16, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Jung|first1=So-young|script-title=ko:루나, 설리 때문일까…이번 주말 뮤지컬 공연 취소|url=https://news.nate.com/view/20191015n33404?mid=n1008|access-date=October 16, 2019|work=Money S|date=October 16, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; heesaa iyo saaxiib [[IU]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Lee|first1=Yoo-jin|script-title=ko:아이유 공개중단, 故 설리 추모 &quot;양해 부탁드린다&quot;|url=http://www.hg-times.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=208966|access-date=October 16, 2019|work=Hangang Times|date=October 16, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dynamic Duo,&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://sports.donga.com/3/all/20191016/97911103/1 &lt;nowiki&gt;[전문] 다이나믹 듀오 측 &quot;스케줄 불참·앨범 발매 연기&quot;…故 설리 애도&lt;/nowiki&gt;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Sports Donga.&lt;/ref&gt; iyo hordhaca filimka ''Gift'',&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://star.mt.co.kr/stview.php?no=2019101618203896139 '선물' 측, 17일 특별상영회 취소..故설리 애도]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Star News.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Hwang|first1=Hye-jin|script-title=ko:신하균·수호 주연 '선물' 내일(17일) 간담회 취소→공개 연기 &quot;故설리 애도&quot;|url=http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201910161825070410|access-date=October 16, 2019|work=Newsen|date=October 16, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; baajiyay waxqabadkoodii si ay ugu barooraan Sulli. Bishii Oktoobar 17, ka dib aas aas afar maalmood ah oo gaar loo leeyahay iyo xaflad baroor ah oo ka dhacday isbitaalka Seoul, Sulli waxaa lagu aasay meel aan la shaacin.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2019/10/398_277281.html &quot;Fans, friends bid final farewell to K-pop star Sulli&quot;]. The Korea Times.&lt;/ref&gt;

Geerida Sulli ayaa waxaa laxiriiriyay warbaahin kaladuwan oo laxiriira murugada kadhaxeysa internetka.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://news.kbs.co.kr/news/view.do?ncd=4303118&amp;ref=A 죽음으로 내몬 악성댓글…'설리 사망' 애도]&lt;/bdi&gt;. KBS News&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://www.wikitree.co.kr/main/news_view.php?id=472090 설리가 악플러들 때문에 괴로워했다는 명백한 증거가 제시됐다]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Wikitree.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.joongboo.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=363367073 &lt;nowiki&gt;[사설] 여전한 악성 댓글 폐해, 손 볼 때 됐다&lt;/nowiki&gt;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Joongboo Ilbo.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.segye.com/newsView/20191015513873?OutUrl=naver &lt;nowiki&gt;[사설] 악성 댓글 폐해의 심각성 일깨운 설리의 죽음&lt;/nowiki&gt;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Segye Ilbo.&lt;/ref&gt; Dhimashadeedii kadib, waxaa la muujiyey in Sulli uu si isdaba joog ah u weydiistey wakaaladeeda, SM Entertainment, in ay qaado talaabooyin adag oo ka dhan ah faallooyinka xun xun iyo ku xadgudubka internetka.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.busan.com/view/busan/view.php?code=2019101516142959202 &lt;nowiki&gt;[단독] &quot;설리, SM에 '악성 댓글 대응' 지속적으로 요구했었다&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Busan Ilbo.&lt;/ref&gt; Wadar ahaan toddobo codsi ayaa lagu dhajiyay websaydhka xafiiska madaxweynaha Kuuriyada Koonfureed iyagoo dalbanaya ciqaab adag oo ku saabsan xoog sheegashada internetka iyo xoojinta adeegsiga nidaamka magaca dhabta ah markii la qorayo faallooyinka iyo xisaab-abuurka.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://www.ytn.co.kr/_ln/0106_201910151903521418 설리 추모 물결...'악성 댓글' 처벌 청원 봇물]&lt;/bdi&gt;. YTN.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://hugs.fnnews.com/article/201910151421524432 &quot;설리 죽음 몰아간 악플러들, 강력 처벌 원한다&quot; 靑청원]&lt;/bdi&gt;. fn News.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://www.ytn.co.kr/_ln/0103_201910151400068542 설리 사망에 '악플러 처벌'·'인터넷 실명제' 요구 청원 이어져]&lt;/bdi&gt;. YTN.&lt;/ref&gt; Intaa waxaa sii dheer, wareeg siyaasadeed ayaa ka wada hadlay siyaabo kala duwan oo looga hortagi karo musiibadan oo kale inay mar kale dhacdo. Ficil ka hoos imanaya cinwaanka la soo jeediyey ee &quot;Xeerka Sulli&quot; ayaa lagu xusay xisaab-xidhka guud ee Komishanka Isgaadhsiinta Kuuriya 21-kii Oktoobar, halkaas oo Park Dae-chool oo ka tirsan Xisbiga Liberty Korea Party ay sheegtay inuu qorayo soo-jeedin sharci-dejin ah oo lagu soo saarayo sharci cusub oo lagu kordhinayo  mas'uuliyadda faallooyinka adoo soo bandhigaya nidaamka magaca dhabta ah ee internetka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://news.jtbc.joins.com/article/article.aspx?news_id=NB11899206|script-title=ko:[Talk쏘는 정치] 국감서도 거론…'설리법' 통과될까|last=Kang|first=Ji-young|date=October 22, 2019|work=JTBC|access-date=October 22, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intaa waxaa dheer, Oktoobar 25, Park Seon-sook waxay soo jeedisay wax ka beddel qayb ahaan ah Xeerka Dhiirrigelinta Macluumaadka iyo Adeegsiga Isku-xirka Isgaarsiinta iyo Ilaalinta Macluumaadka, kaas oo ku soo rogaya waajibaadka saaran bixiyayaasha macluumaadka iyo adeegga isgaarsiinta inay tirtiraan faallooyinka nacaybka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.inews24.com/view/1217470|script-title=ko:인터넷 악성댓글 포털삭제 의무부과…'설리법' 발의|last=Kim|first=Moon-ki|date=October 25, 2019|work=In News 24|access-date=October 25, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intaa waxaa dheer, wax ka beddelka waxaa ka mid ahaa in lagu calaamadeeyo faallooyinka xunxun inay yihiin macluumaad sharci-darro ah, lana siiyo qof kasta oo arka faallooyin xun, oo aan ahayn kan la neceb yahay, oo awood u leh inuu codsado tirtirkiisa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.ajunews.com/view/20191025162549445|script-title=ko:박선숙 의원도 ‘설리법’ 발의... 악성 댓글도 불법정보 포함, 누구나 삭제 요청 가능|last=Jung|first=Myung-seop|date=October 25, 2019|work=Aju News|access-date=October 25, 2019|archive-date=October 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025114923/https://www.ajunews.com/view/20191025162549445|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isla maalintaas, Park Dae-chool waxay sidoo kale soo jeedisay wax ka beddel lagu sameeyo Xeerka Dhiirrigelinta Macluumaadka iyo Adeegsiga Isku-xirka Isgaarsiinta iyo Ilaalinta Macluumaadka kaas oo u oggolaan doona shaacinta magacyada buuxa ee dadka ku qoraya faallooyinka magacyada isticmaalayaasha iyo xoojinta la xisaabtanka faallooyinka khadka tooska ah ee internetka iyadoo la siinayo IP-yada.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.fntoday.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=207593 &quot;혐오표현 지우고 댓글 작성자 IP 공개하라&quot;…국회, 잇단 '설리법' 발의]&lt;/bdi&gt;. FN Today.&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Oktoobar 25, 2019, Kakao wuxuu ku dhawaaqay inay si ku-meel-gaar ah u curyaaminayaan faallooyinka ku saabsan wararka madadaalada si looga hortago faallooyinka nacaybka iyo ka saarista ereyada raadinta ee la xidhiidha markay raadinayaan magacyada dadka muddo sannad ah.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://www.insight.co.kr/news/252268 카카오, 연예인 악플 방지하기 위해 연예 뉴스에 댓글 폐지]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Insight.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.businesspost.co.kr/BP?command=article_view&amp;num=148472 카카오 포털 '다음'에서 연예기사 댓글 폐지, 여민수 &quot;부작용 인정&quot;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Business Post.&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhimashadeedii kadib, taageerayaashu waxay bilaabeen inay baaraan &quot;Waan Ku Jeclahay Sulli&quot; (설리 사랑해) si ay u qariyaan natiijooyinka raadinta xun.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.ggilbo.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=712423 '설리 사랑해' 실시간 검색어 올라...하늘에서 편안하길 바라는 네티즌 마음 모여]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Geungang Ilbo.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.greened.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=218210 세상 등진 뒤 알게된 진심 '설리 사랑해' 애통…경찰, 부검 의뢰]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Green Ed.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.gukjenews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=1185140 '설리 사랑해' 애도 多, 매니저가 언급한 성격…&quot;사려 깊고 생각이 많은 아이&quot;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Gukje News.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://www.sporbiz.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=383264 ‘설리 사랑해’ 팬들의 슬픈 외침…네티즌 “너무 늦었다, 편히 잘 쉬길”]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Korean Sports Weekly.&lt;/ref&gt; Heesta [[IU]] &quot;Peach&quot;, oo laga qoray Sulli, waxay dib u gashay jaantusyada muusikada.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200105230259/http://star.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/201910150968349188?did=NA&amp;dtype=&amp;dtypecode=&amp;prnewsid= 설리 생각나는 노래…아이유 '복숭아', 음원 차트 역주행]&lt;/bdi&gt;. Hankook Ilbo.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-50051575?intlink_from_url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world/asia&amp;link_location=live-reporting-story &quot;Sulli: The woman who rebelled against the K-pop world&quot;]. [[BBC]].&lt;/ref&gt; [[Goo Hara]], oo ahaa Sulli saaxiibkiis dhow, wuxuu ku dhintey is-dil bil ka dib dhimashadii Sulli.&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-50535937 K-Pop artist Goo Hara found dead at home aged 28] – BBC&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/nov/24/goo-hara-k-pop-singer-found-dead-aged-28 &quot;K-pop singer Goo Hara found dead aged 28&quot;]. The Guardian.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dhaxalka ==
Warshadaha K-pop halkaas oo fannaaniintu ay aad uga ilaalinayeen sumcadda hoose ee noloshooda gaarka ah, Sulli waxa ay caan ku ahayd shakhsiyaddeeda hadal cad arrimo badan oo bulshada la xidhiidha.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/sulli-legacy-memorial-outspoken-kpop-star-8532906/ Sulli Was an Outspoken K-Pop Star in an Industry That Would’ve Preferred She Stayed Quiet].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://wonderpinays.com/sulli-legacy-cyberbullying/ Sulli Dead: Leaves Fans a Legacy from K-Pop Songs to Films] {{Wayback|url=https://wonderpinays.com/sulli-legacy-cyberbullying/ |date=20220127202919 }}.&lt;/ref&gt; Sulli waxa kale oo ay si furan ugu doodday xuquuqda haweenka iyo xorriyadda taas oo naadir ku ah haweenka heesa ee Koonfur Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-50051575.amp Sulli: The woman who rebelled against the K-pop world].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/news-trends/article/3032937/how-sulli-smashed-k-pops-clean-cut-facade-speaking-out How Sulli smashed K-pop’s clean-cut facade – by speaking out about mental well-being and championing feminist rights]. ''[[South China Morning Post]]''. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.koreaboo.com/news/koreans-recognizing-sulli-representation-true-feminism/ Koreans Are Recognizing Sulli As The Representation Of True Feminism].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://mobile.reuters.com/article/amp/idUSKBN1WV1L3 K-pop singer decries cyber bullying after death of 'activist' star Sulli].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2019/11/04/sullis-death-sparks-soul-searching-on-misogynistic-culture-journalism-ethics.html Sulli’s death sparks soul-searching on misogynistic culture, journalism ethics].&lt;/ref&gt; Dhimashada Sulli waxay sidoo kale iftiiminaysaa wacyiga [[Caafimaadka maskaxda|caafimaadka dhimirka]] iyo [[cagajuglaynta internetka]] ee bulshada Koonfur Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.scmp.com/better-life/well-being/article/3029800/sulli-was-rare-ambassador-mental-health-issues-k-pop-stars &quot;Sulli was a rare ambassador for mental health in Asia&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://relate.com.my/sulli-mental-health/amp/ Sulli and mental health awareness in the K-pop industry].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.npr.org/2019/10/16/770614282/sudden-death-of-a-young-k-pop-star-spurs-talk-of-action-on-mental-health-bullyin Sudden Death Of A Young K-Pop Star Spurs Talk Of Action On Mental Health, Bullying].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/sullis-death-starts-a-discussion-about-the-importance-of-mental-health.html/ Sulli's Death Starts a Discussion About the Importance of Mental Health] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/sullis-death-starts-a-discussion-about-the-importance-of-mental-health.html/ |date=20220810014846 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Luuliyo 2020, waxaa la sheegay in [[Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation|MBC]] uu soo saari doono filim dokumentari ah ''[[Why Was Sulli Uncomfortable?]]'' oo ku saabsan nolosha Sulli.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.allkpop.com/article/2020/07/mbc-to-produce-a-documentary-recalling-the-life-of-the-late-sulli MBC to produce a documentary recalling the life of the late Sulli].&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyada ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Atariishayasha filimada Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Dhibbanayaasha internetka]]
[[Category:Ismiidaamin Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Atariishayasha telefishanka Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya dadka]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Megan Fox</title>
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      <text bytes="39098" sha1="baaijvus0km0n2oioljeu9zmwwje2i1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Megan Fox|birth_date={{birth date and age|1986|05|16|}}|image=Megan Fox 2011 LG 03 (cropped).jpg|caption=Fox ee 20111|occupation=Atariisho|years active=2001–hada|spouse=Brian Austin Green
(g. 2010. f.2020)|children=3}}

'''Megan Denise Fox''' (dhashay Maajo 16, 1986) waa atariisho Mareykan ah. Waxay markii ugu horeysay ka soo muuqatay filimka ''Holiday in the Sun'' (2001). Tan waxaa ku xigay doorarro badan oo taageero ah oo ku saabsan filimka iyo telefishanka, iyo sidoo kale door oo ka tirsan ABC ''Hope &amp; Faith'' (2004–2006). Fox ayaa sii waday inay sameyso filimkeedii ugu horeeyay ee filimka muusikada ''[[Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen]]'' (2004).

Fox waxay heshay aqoonsi caalami ah doorkeeda Mikaela Banes ee filimka ''Transformers'' (2007).  Waxay dib u soo celisay doorkeedii ku-xigga ee  ''Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen'' (2009) waxayna muujisay dabeecadda qormooyinka ee majaajillada naxdinta leh ee ''Jennifer's Body'' (2009).  Waxay ku jilaysay bishii April O'Neil filimka ''Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles'' (2014) iyo taxantiisii ​​''Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows'' (2016). Fox sidoo kale waxay u jileysay sidii Reagan Lucas qeybtii shanaad iyo lixaad ee Fox sitcom ''New Girl'' (2016-2017).

Fox waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay tahay astaan ​​jinsi waxayna kasoo muuqatay majalado badan, sida ''[[Maxim]]'', ''[[Rolling Stone]]'', iyo ''[[FHM]]''.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-sep-23-et-fox23-story.html &quot;Megan Fox: Hollywood's outrageous it girl&quot;.] Los Angeles Times&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolosha ==
Megan Fox waxay dhalatay Maajo 16, 1986&lt;ref name=&quot;biography.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/people/megan-fox-483434|title=Megan Fox Biography: Model, Film Actress, Television Actress (1986–)|publisher=[[Biography.com]] ([[FYI (TV channel)|FYI]] / [[A&amp;E Networks]]|access-date=April 12, 2016|archive-date=September 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930061207/http://www.biography.com/people/megan-fox-483434|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=Monitor|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_entertainment-weekly_2013-05-17_1259/page/27|journal=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|date=May 17, 2013|issue=1259|pages=27}}&lt;/ref&gt;  gudaha Oak Ridge, Tennessee,&lt;ref name=&quot;NYTmagazine&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/15/magazine/15Fox-t.html?_r=0|website=[[The New York Times]]|title=The Self-Manufacture of Megan Fox|last=Hirschberg|first=Lynn|date=November 11, 2009|access-date=November 25, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107192644/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/15/magazine/15Fox-t.html?_r=1|archive-date=November 7, 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;feinberg&quot;&gt;Fox in {{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cWY5jrhnrc|title=Megan Fox Interviewed by Scott Feinberg|time=00:20|quote=I was born in Oak Ridge, Tennessee...|date=September 10, 2011|access-date=January 14, 2017|via=[[YouTube]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  waalidiinta Gloria Darlene (Cisson) iyo Franklin Thomas Fox.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HrpVBgAAQBAJ&amp;q=Megan+Fox+Darlene+Franklin&amp;pg=PP4|title=Celebrity Biographies - The Amazing Life Of Megan Fox - Famous Actors|last=Green|first=Matt|publisher=Matt Green|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay yaraanteedii ku qaadatay Rockwood oo u dhow.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Uchiyama|first1=David|title=Rockwood, Tennessee|url=https://www.timesfreepress.com/news/glimpse/2015/story/2015/aug/30/rockwood-tennessee/321811/|newspaper=[[Chattanooga Times Free Press]]|access-date=September 2, 2018|archive-date=Bisha Todobaad 19, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220719180530/https://www.timesfreepress.com/news/glimpse/2015/story/2015/aug/30/rockwood-tennessee/321811/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Aabaha Fox, oo ah sarkaal siidayn sharafeed, iyo hooyadeed waxay kala tageen markii ay Fox jirtay saddex sano.&lt;ref name=&quot;NYTmagazine&quot; /&gt;  Hooyadeed mar dambe ayey guursatay, iyo Fox iyo walaasheed&lt;ref name=&quot;alluremay2010&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Alexandra|last=Jacobs|title=Bad Girl Good Good|work=[[Allure (magazine)|Allure]]|date=May 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxaa soo koriyey hooyadeed iyo aabbeheed, Tony Tonachio.&lt;ref name=&quot;elle&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|url=http://www.elle.com/Entertainment/Cover-Shoots/Megan-Fox2/Megan-Fox-Read-the-ELLE-Interview-with-Megan-Fox-June-2009|title=Megan Fox|magazine=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]|date=May 26, 2009|access-date=June 12, 2009|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Lixaad 29, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629164846/http://www.elle.com/Entertainment/Cover-Shoots/Megan-Fox2/Megan-Fox-Read-the-ELLE-Interview-with-Megan-Fox-June-2009|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sirius&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who does Megan have tattooed on her arm?|url=http://www.sirius.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Sirius/Page&amp;c=BackStageAsset&amp;cid=1181270896791|publisher=[[Sirius]]|access-date=April 26, 2008|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 7, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091107034407/http://www.sirius.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Sirius%2FPage&amp;c=BackStageAsset&amp;cid=1181270896791|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;lucieref&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Wernlund|first=Sharon|title=Port St. Lucie Teen Shoots for Stardom|work=[[Palm Beach Post]]|date=December 31, 2001|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PBPB&amp;p_theme=pbpb&amp;p_action=search&amp;p_maxdocs=200&amp;p_topdoc=1&amp;p_text_direct-0=0F0EFE354D1DBF21&amp;p_field_direct-0=document_id&amp;p_perpage=10&amp;p_sort=YMD_date:D&amp;s_trackval=GooglePM|access-date=April 6, 2010|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Todobaad 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711170314/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PBPB&amp;p_theme=pbpb&amp;p_action=search&amp;p_maxdocs=200&amp;p_topdoc=1&amp;p_text_direct-0=0F0EFE354D1DBF21&amp;p_field_direct-0=document_id&amp;p_perpage=10&amp;p_sort=YMD_date:D&amp;s_trackval=GooglePM|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay ku soo barbaartay &quot;aad u adag Pentecostal&quot;, laakiin markii dambe waxay dhigatay dugsiga Katooliga muddo 12 sano ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cWY5jrhnrc|publisher=YouTube|title=Megan Fox Interviewed by Scott Feinberg|access-date=November 25, 2014|date=September 10, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906023257/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cWY5jrhnrc|archive-date=September 6, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=http://www.parade.com/celebrity/celebrity-parade/2009/0915-megan-fox-jennifers-body.html|title=Megan Fox: 'My Sense of Humor Doesn't Translate'|magazine=[[Parade (magazine)|Parade]]|date=September 15, 2009|access-date=May 25, 2010|first=Jeanne|last=Wolf}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay sheegtay inay ahaayeen &quot;kuwo aad u adag&quot; isla markaana aan loo ogoleyn inay yeelato qof jecel&lt;ref name=&quot;ELLE2&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|first=Maggie|last=Bullock|url=http://www.elle.com/Entertainment/Cover-Shoots/Megan-Fox2/Megan-Fox-Read-the-ELLE-Interview-with-Megan-Fox-June-2009|title=Megan Fox|magazine=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]|date=May 26, 2009|access-date=July 3, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629164846/http://www.elle.com/Entertainment/Cover-Shoots/Megan-Fox2/Megan-Fox-Read-the-ELLE-Interview-with-Megan-Fox-June-2009|archive-date=June 29, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ama ku martiqaad asxaabta gurigeeda.&lt;ref name=&quot;alluremay2010&quot; /&gt;  Waxay la noolayd hooyadeed illaa ay ka samaysay lacag ku filan oo ay ku masruufto.&lt;ref name=&quot;ELLE2&quot; /&gt;

Fox waxay bilawday tababaradeeda qoob ka ciyaarka iyo jilitaanka da'da shan jirka, Kingston, Tennessee.&lt;ref name=&quot;Morrow&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Terry|last=Morrow|url=http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2008/may/02/insider-rockwood-starlet-morphs-tomboy-sexiest/|title=Insider: Rockwood starlet morphs from tomboy to 'sexiest'|newspaper=[[Knoxville News Sentinel]]|date=May 2, 2008|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=Bisha Shanaad 3, 2021|archive-date=Bisha Lixaad 16, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100616054112/http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2008/may/02/insider-rockwood-starlet-morphs-tomboy-sexiest/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay kaqeyb gashay xiisad qoob ka ciyaarka ah oo ka dhacday xarunta bulshada halkaas ku taal waxayna ku lug laheyd kooxda heesaha ee Kingston Elementary School iyo kooxda dabaasha ee Kingston Clippers.  Markii ay 10 jir ahayd, ka dib markay u guurtay magaalada St. Petersburg, Florida, Fox waxay sii wadday tababarkii.&lt;ref name=&quot;rottentomatoes&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Megan Fox Celebrity Profile Biography|url=https://rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/megan_fox/biography.php|website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|access-date=April 25, 2008|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=May 3, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503005801/http://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/megan_fox/biography.php|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;msnbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Megan Fox: Biography|url=http://movies.msn.com/celebs/celeb.aspx?c=504118&amp;mp=b|website=[[MSN]]|access-date=April 25, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080506085034/http://movies.msn.com/celebs/celeb.aspx?c=504118&amp;mp=b|archive-date=May 6, 2008|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Markii ay jirtay 13 sano, Fox waxay bilawday shaqadeeda tusaale ahaan ka dib markay ku guulaysatay abaalmarino dhawr ah 1999 Moodelkii Maraykanka iyo Talent Convention ee  Koonfur Carolina.&lt;ref name=&quot;el&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.amtcworld.com/the-results/top-100/megan-fox|title=Success Stories: Megan Fox|website=AMTC|date=September 16, 2009|access-date=September 16, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601203741/http://www.amtcworld.com/the-results/top-100/megan-fox|archive-date=June 1, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Markii ay 17 jir ahayd, waxay ku tijaabisay iskuulka iyada oo loo marayo waraaqaha si ay ugu guurto [[Los Angeles]], [[Kalifornia]].&lt;ref name=&quot;alluremay2010&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ELLE2&quot; /&gt;

Fox waxay si xor ah uga hadashay waqtigeedii iskuulka, iyadoo cadeysay in iskuulka dhexe lagu cagajugleeyay ayna ku qadeysay qolka musqusha.  Waxay sheegtay in dhibaatadu aysan ahayn muuqaalkeeda, laakiin ay &quot;mar walba saaxiib la wanaagsan tahay wiilasha&quot; taasna ay &quot;dadka qaar fahamsiisay qaladkeeda.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;cg&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.cosmogirl.com/entertainment/celeb-qa/megan-fox-qa-2|title=Megan Fox: Celeb Q&amp;A|website=[[CosmoGirl!]]|access-date=August 9, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090803063005/http://www.cosmogirl.com/entertainment/celeb-qa/megan-fox-qa-2|archive-date=August 3, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fox ayaa sidoo kale sheegtay in aysan waligeed caan ka aheyn dugsiga sare, iyo in &quot;qof walba uu i neceb yahay, oo waxaan ahaa qof gebi ahaanba la ixtiraamo, asxaabteydu had iyo jeer waxay ahaayeen rag, waxaan leeyahay dabeecad aad u qallafsan, gabdhuhuna ima jeclayn taas.  Waxaan lahaa hal gabar oo weyn oo saaxiib ah noloshayda oo dhan.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;cg&quot; /&gt;

== Shaqo ==

=== 2000s ===
Markay ahayd 15, Fox waxay samaysay jilitaankeedii ugu horreeyay ee majaajillada jacaylka ah ee ''Holiday in the Sun'', taas oo si toos ah loogu sii daayay-DVD-ga markay ahayd Noofambar 20, 2001. Sannadaha soo socda ee soo socda, waxay ka soo muuqatay sitcoms-ka ''What I Like About You'' iyo ''Two and a Half Men''. Fox sidoo kale waxay u muuqatay (door aan la garanayn oo dheeri ah) filimka ''Bad Boys II'' (2003)

Sannadkii 2004, waxay filimkeedii ugu horreeyay la sameysay Lindsay Lohan oo ku jirtay qosolkii muusikada ee ''Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen'', iyadoo ciyaareysa doorka taageerada sida Carla Santini. Fox sidoo kale door ayey ku laheyd ABC sitcom ''Hope &amp; Faith''. Fox wuxuu soo muuqday xilli ciyaareedyadii labaad iyo saddexaad, illaa taxanahan ay baajiyeen ABC bishii May 2006.&lt;ref name=&quot;yahoo movies&quot;&gt;[https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1808488000/bio Megan Fox Biography] Yahoo! Movies&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Megan_Fox_Jennifers_Body_TIFF09_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|223x223px|Fox sanadkii 2009]]
2007, Fox waxay qaadatay doorka Mikaela Banes ee 2007 filimka ''Transformers''.  Fox waxaa loo magacaabay Abaalmarinta Filimka MTV ee qeybta &quot;Waxqabadka Burburka&quot;, sidoo kale waxaa loo magacaabay seddex Abaalmarin Xulashada Dhalinyarada.&lt;ref name=&quot;yahoo movies&quot; /&gt;  Waxay u saxeexday laba qaybood oo dheeraad ah oo ''Transformers'' ah,&lt;ref name=&quot;yahoo movies&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;HR1&quot;&gt;[https://hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3icab172bb79f71a0737ec507b71e6d9f4 Fox making 'Friends' for Weide pic]  The Hollywood Reporter [https://web.archive.org/web/20070701160824/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3icab172bb79f71a0737ec507b71e6d9f4 archive] &lt;/ref&gt;  dib u soo celinta doorkeedii Mikaela ee ''Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen''. Muran ayaa ka taagnaa muuqaalka Fox markii uu duubayey qeybtii labaad markii Michael Bay, oo ah agaasimaha filimka, uu ku amrey Aktarada inay hesho toban rodol.&lt;ref&gt;[http://omg.yahoo.com/news/megan-fox-told-to-gain-10-pounds-for-transformers-sequel/10802?nc &quot;Megan Fox Told to Gain 10 Pounds for Transformers Sequel&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://omg.yahoo.com/news/megan-fox-told-to-gain-10-pounds-for-transformers-sequel/10802?nc |date=20080727113838 }}. Yahoo! Entertainment&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=52843 Transformers Moved Up Two Days] {{Wayback|url=https://comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=52843 |date=20140906023326 }}  ComingSoon.net&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2009, Fox waxay yeelatay kaalinteeda hoggaamineed ee ugu horreysay; waxay ku soo bandhigtay astaamaha cinwaanka ''[[Jennifer's Body]]'', oo uu qoray Diablo Cody.&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated7&quot;&gt;[https://pro.imdb.com/title/tt1131734/ IMDb Pro : Jennifer's Body Business Details] Pro.[[Internet Movie Database|imdb]].com&lt;/ref&gt;  Filimku wuxuu markiisii ​​hore kasbaday isku dhafan iyo dib u eegis celcelis ah markii la siidaayay, iyadoo waxqabadka Fox uu kasbaday ammaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/jennifers-body|title=Jennifer's Body Reviews|publisher=[[CBS Interactive]]|work=[[Metacritic]]|date=September 17, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Grady|first1=Constance|title=How Jennifer's Body went from a flop in 2009 to a feminist cult classic today|url=https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/10/31/18037996/jennifers-body-flop-cult-classic-feminist-horror|access-date=August 5, 2020|work=Vox|date=October 31, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.vox.com/i-think-youre-interesting/2018/11/10/18080168/jennifers-body-diablo-cody-interview-reborn|title=The life, death, and rebirth of Jennifer's Body, according to screenwriter Diablo Cody|last=VanDerWerff|first=Emily Todd|date=November 10, 2018|website=Vox|access-date=August 5, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Abriil 2009, waxay bilawday duubista filimka ''Jonah Hex'', kaas oo ay ku muujisay Tallulah Black / Leila, qurux qoriga wadata iyo jacaylka oo Jonah Hex (Josh Brolin). Filimkan waxaa la sii daayay 18-kii Juun, 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Kit|first=Borys|date=March 3, 2009|title=Megan Fox lines up two film projects|url=https://hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3iee48bd23f07a5c212caf86dbc16e17a4|journal=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|access-date=April 8, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309003423/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3iee48bd23f07a5c212caf86dbc16e17a4|archive-date=March 9, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;filmonic1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://splashpage.mtv.com/2009/06/19/bad-news-boys-megan-fox-role-in-jonah-hex-merely-a-cameo/|title=Megan Fox Role in 'Jonah Hex' Merely a Cameo|publisher=[[MTV]]|access-date=March 25, 2010|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Sagaalaad 14, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150914223952/http://splashpage.mtv.com/2009/06/19/bad-news-boys-megan-fox-role-in-jonah-hex-merely-a-cameo/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ''Jonah Hex'' wuxuu ahaa mid muhiim ah oo ku fashilmay ganacsiga Mareykanka, iyada oo qaybinta caalamiga ah la joojiyay ka dib waxqabadkeedii liitay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=jonahhex.htm|title=Jonah Hex (2010)|date=August 12, 2010|website=Box Office Mojo|access-date=June 27, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Filimka waxaa loo magacaabay &quot;filimkii ugu xumaa sanadka&quot; ee Ururka Dhaleeceynta Filimada ee Houston.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://thewrap.com/awards/column-post/detroit-houston-critics-social-network-ho-hum-23347|title=Detroit, Houston Critics: 'Social Network,' Ho Hum &amp;#124; The Wrap Awards|last=Pond|first=Steve|publisher=Thewrap.com|access-date=June 27, 2011|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Labaad 22, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222222351/http://www.thewrap.com/awards/column-post/detroit-houston-critics-social-network-ho-hum-23347|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2010s ===
Fox waxay la jileysay Mickey Rourke riwaayaddii ''Passion Play''.  Ka dib markii lagu soo bandhigay Bandhig Faneedka Caalamiga ah ee Toronto, qaybinta riwaayadaha caadiga ah waxaa loo dhaafiyey si toos ah-fiidiyoow ah loo sii daayo, iyadoo laba shaashadood oo keliya ay si kooban u muujinayaan filimka si loo fuliyo waajibaadka qandaraaska.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/archives/passion_play_with_mickey_rourke_megan_fox_not_surprisingly_going/|title='Passion Play' With Mickey Rourke &amp; Megan Fox Not Surprisingly Going Straight-To-DVD &gt; The Playlist|publisher=Blogs.indiewire.com|access-date=June 27, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110314060431/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/archives/passion_play_with_mickey_rourke_megan_fox_not_surprisingly_going|archive-date=March 14, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Rourke wuxuu ugu yeeray filimka inuu ahaa &quot;xun. Filim kale oo xun.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ology.com/screen/mickey-rourke-shts-all-over-passion-play|title=Mickey Rourke Sh*ts All Over 'Passion Play'|last=Breslaw|first=Anna|website=Ology.com|access-date=June 19, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724085325/http://www.ology.com/screen/mickey-rourke-shts-all-over-passion-play|archive-date=July 24, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2011/04/mickey_rourke_takes_back_the_n.html|title=Mickey Rourke Takes Back the Nice Things He Said About Megan Fox|website=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|last=Greco|first=Patti|date=February 13, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Fox waxay la soo muuqatay Dominic Monaghan fiidiyowga muusikada [[Eminem]] iyo [[Rihanna]] heesta &quot;Love the Way You Lie&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;Montgomery, James (July 26, 2010) [http://blog.mtvasia.com/2010/07/27/megan-fox-dominic-monaghan-caught-kissing-for-eminem-video/ &quot;Megan Fox, Dominic Monaghan Caught Kissing For Eminem Video – News Story&quot;]. MTV. Viacom. Retrieved August 7, 2010. {{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Sannadkii 2012, Fox waxay ka soo muuqatay filimka majaajillada ah ee ''The Dictator'' iyo ''This Is 40.''&lt;ref name=&quot;cartoon&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://blog.bcdb.com/announces-largest-programming-schedule-4241/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205085108/http://blog.bcdb.com/announces-largest-programming-schedule-4241/|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 5, 2012|title=AS Announces Largest Programming Schedule Ever|first=Ethan|last=Minovitz|publisher=Big Cartoon News|date=May 25, 2012|access-date=May 25, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Megan_Fox_(14977773610)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|226x226px|Fox 2014]]
Bishii Janaayo 2013, Fox waxaa lagu soo bandhigay xayeysiis telefishan reer [[Barasiil]] ah oo loogu talagalay biirka Brahma.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://b96.cbslocal.com/2013/01/29/watch-megan-fox-in-her-sexy-new-brazilian-beer-commercial/|title=Megan Fox In Her Sexy New Brazilian Beer Commercial|date=January 29, 2013|publisher=B96 Chicago|access-date=January 29, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616175005/http://b96.cbslocal.com/2013/01/29/watch-megan-fox-in-her-sexy-new-brazilian-beer-commercial/|archive-date=June 16, 2013|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Febraayo 2013, Fox wuxuu ku jilay filimka ''Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles'' (2014), oo ah hoggaanka aadanaha ee April O'Neil.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cowabunga! 'TMNT' remake ends Megan Fox-Michael Bay feud|url=http://herocomplex.latimes.com/games/megan-fox-michael-bay-ninja-turtles/|access-date=February 22, 2013|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=February 22, 2013|first=Rene|last=Lynch}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2015, Fox waxay ka soo muuqatay doorka Amelia Delthanis ee ciyaarta fiidiyowga ''Stormfall: Rise of Balur''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|title=Megan Fox Joins Stormfall: Rise of Balur Mobile Game|url=http://people.com/celebrity/megan-fox-joins-stormfall-rise-of-balur-mobile-game/|first=Mariah|last=Haas|magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=May 5, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Oktoobar 2015, waxaa la xaqiijiyey in Fox ay si kumeelgaar ah u beddeli doonto Zooey Deschanel telefishanka sitcom ''New Girl'', ka dib fasaxa umusha ee Deschanel.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title='New Girl' season 5 spoilers: Megan Fox to fill in for Zooey Deschanel|url=http://www.christiantoday.com/article/new.girl.season.5.news.megan.fox.to.fill.in.for.zooey.deschanel/66016.htm|magazine=[[Christian Today]]|date=October 1, 2015|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=Bisha Shanaad 4, 2021|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230518074337/https://www.christiantoday.com/article/new.girl.season.5.news.megan.fox.to.fill.in.for.zooey.deschanel/66016.htm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Megan|last=McCluskey|title=Megan Fox Will Be The Newest Girl on New Girl|url=https://time.com/4040173/megan-fox-new-girl/|newspaper=[[Life (magazine)|Life]]|date=September 18, 2015|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=Bisha Shanaad 4, 2021|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415091949/https://time.com/4040173/megan-fox-new-girl/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay u jilay sidii Reagan Lucas, oo ka soo muuqatay xilliyadii shanaad iyo lixaad ee taxanaha.  Waxqabadkeedu wuxuu kasbaday dib-u-eegis togan oo ka yimid dadka naqdiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Daniel|last=Fienberg|title=Critic's Notebook: Megan Fox Smoothly Steps In for Zooey Deschanel on 'New Girl'|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/fien-print/critics-notebook-megan-fox-smoothly-863134|newspaper=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=February 9, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Erik|last=Adams|title=The highlight of Megan Fox's New Girl arc saves itself from a deadly premise|url=https://tv.avclub.com/the-highlight-of-megan-fox-s-new-girl-arc-saves-itself-1798186808|newspaper=[[The A.V. Club]]|date=February 23, 2016|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=Bisha Shanaad 4, 2021|archive-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116105008/https://tv.avclub.com/the-highlight-of-megan-fox-s-new-girl-arc-saves-itself-1798186808|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=David|last=Sims|title=New Girl and the Power of Sitcom Shakeup|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2016/03/does-new-girl-need-zooey-deschanel-anymore/472926/|newspaper=[[The Atlantic]]|date=March 9, 216}}&lt;/ref&gt;  2016, Fox waxay dib u soo celisay kaalinteeda April O'Neil ee  ''Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows''.

Bishii Sebtember 12, 2018, waxaa la xaqiijiyay in Fox uu ka soo muuqan doono filimka Dagaalkii Kuuriya ee ''The Battle of Jangsari'', oo uu weheliyo jilaa reer Kuuriya Kim Myung-min. Waxay ka ciyaartay door hoggaamineed Marguerite Higgins, oo ah [[wariye]] Mareykan ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2018/film/asia/megan-fox-to-appear-in-korean-war-movie-jangsa-ri-1202937869/|title=Megan Fox to Appear in Korean War Movie 'Jangsa-ri'|last=Kil|first=Sonia|date=September 12, 2018|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=September 24, 2018|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2019, Fox ayaa jilay filimka ''Above the Shadows.''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://deadline.com/2017/11/olivia-thirlby-alan-ritchson-megan-fox-shadow-girl-afm-1202199619/|title=Olivia Thirlby, Alan Ritchson &amp; Megan Fox Star In 'Shadow Girl' — AFM|last=N'Duka|first=Amanda|date=November 1, 2017|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|access-date=November 4, 2018|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2019/05/gravitas-above-the-shadows-olivia-thirlby-megan-fox-cinedigm-the-outsider-1202608195/|title=Gravitas Nabs 'Above The Shadows' Starring Olivia Thirlby &amp; Megan Fox; Cinedigm Secures 'The Outsider'|last=N'Duka|first=Amanda|date=May 6, 2019|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|language=en|access-date=May 24, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Isla sanadkaas, Fox waxay ka soo muuqatay ''Zeroville'' oo uu agaasime ka ahaa James Franco, oo horay loo toogtay 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Megan Fox Joins James Franco in 'Zeroville'|url=https://hollywoodreporter.com/news/megan-fox-joins-james-franco-743722|access-date=October 26, 2014|newspaper=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=October 24, 2014|first=Borys|last=Kit}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.thewrap.com/james-franco-zeroville-bombs/|title=James Franco's 'Zeroville' Bombs With Measly $8,900 on 80 Screens|website=The Wrap|first=Jeremy|last=Fuster|date=September 30, 2019|access-date=May 18, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2020s ===
Sannadkii 2020, Fox wuxuu la jilay Josh Duhamel filimka majaajillada ''Think Like a Dog'', kaasoo la sii daayay Juun 9, 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.slashfilm.com/think-like-a-dog-trailer/|title='Think Like a Dog' Trailer: Josh Duhamel and Megan Fox Are Playing Parents Now in a Family Comedy|website=Slash Film|first=Hoai-Tran|last=Bui|date=May 10, 2020|access-date=May 18, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Sidoo kale sanadkaas, waxay ku jileysay doorka hogaaminta filimka ''Rogue'', kaasoo la sii daayay Ogosto 28, 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://ew.com/movies/megan-fox-rogue-trailer/|title=Megan Fox's mercenary takes on a lethal lion in trailer for action movie Rogue|last=Collis|first=Clark|date=July 20, 2020|website=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|access-date=July 22, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Mashaariicda soo socota'''

Fox ayaa jileysa filimka majaajillada ah ee ''Big Gold Brick'', oo ay weheliyaan Oscar Isaac, Andy García, Lucy Hale, iyo Emory Cohen.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/andy-garcia-megan-fox-lucy-hale-star-big-gold-brick-cannes-1208982|title=Cannes: Andy Garcia, Emory Cohen, Megan Fox, Lucy Hale to Star in 'Big Gold Brick' (Exclusive)|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|language=en|access-date=May 16, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|url=https://variety.com/2019/film/news/andy-garcia-emory-cohen-big-gold-brick-1203209863/|title=Film News Roundup: Andy Garcia, Emory Cohen, Lucy Hale to Star in 'Big Gold Brick'|last=McNary|first=Dave|date=May 9, 2019|magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|language=en|access-date=May 16, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay sidoo kale ka jileysaa ''Midnight in the Switchgrass''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/megan-fox-bruce-willis-join-randall-emmett-directorial-debut-midnight-the-switchgrass-1202860960/|title=Megan Fox &amp; Bruce Willis Join Randall Emmett's Directorial Debut 'Midnight In The Switchgrass', Highland To Sell At EFM|website=Deadline Hollywood|first=Andreas|last=Wiseman|date=February 16, 2020|access-date=May 18, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo ''Till Death.''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.screendaily.com/news/megan-fox-to-star-in-millennium-medias-efm-bound-till-death-exclusive/5147167.article|title=Megan Fox to star in Millennium Media's EFM-bound 'Till Death' (exclusive)|website=[[Screen International]]|first=Jeremy|last=Kay|date=February 13, 2020|access-date=May 18, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolosha shaqsiga ==
[[File:Megan_Fox_LF.jpg|alt=Megan Fox wearing a grey and lavender spaghetti strap dress|right|thumb|249x249px|Fox 2007]]
Fox wuxuu xiriir la bilaabay Brian Austin Green sanadki 2004, kadib markuu ku kulmay kulanka rajada &amp; Iimaanka;  waxay ahayd 18 sano jir, halka uu 30 jir ahaa.&lt;ref name=&quot;mfh&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.today.com/popculture/megan-fox-heats-talk-about-film-love-life-wbna30582796|publisher=Access Hollywood|title=Megan Fox heats up talk about film, love life|date=May 5, 2009|access-date=May 5, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;fox&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.herald.ie/entertainment/hq/on-the-cover-megan-fox-1454846.html|newspaper=The Evening Herald|title=On The Cover: Megan Fox|access-date=August 18, 2008|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 30, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430002152/http://www.herald.ie/entertainment/hq/on-the-cover-megan-fox-1454846.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Sida laga soo xigtay Fox, Green markii hore way ka labalabeysay inay xiriir la gasho iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay da'da kala duwanaanteeda, waxay tiri, &quot;Waxay ahayd inaan ka dhaadhiciyo inaan waxyar mas'uuliyad ka sareeyo oo si fiican u hadlay iyo inaan haysto waxyaabo kale oo aan sameeyo marka laga reebo 18 jir.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|first=Tamara|last=Jude|url=https://screenrant.com/brian-austin-green-megan-fox-marriage-secrets-facts-trivia/|title=15 Secrets About Brian Austin Green And Megan Fox's Marriage|date=June 2, 2018|website=[[Screen Rant]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;people2009&quot;&gt;[http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20261194,00.html Megan Fox and Brian Austin Green Call Off Engagement] {{Wayback|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20261194,00.html |date=20160829143352 }}. People&lt;/ref&gt;

Dabayaaqadii sannadkaas, Fox waxaa bartilmaameedsaday koox dambiilayaal ah oo ku dhiirrigeliya moodada oo loo yaqaan &quot;Bling Ring&quot;, kuwaas oo ka dhacay guriga Green si ay u helaan hantida Fox.&lt;ref name=&quot;VF4&quot;&gt;[http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2010/03/billionaire-girls-201003?currentPage=4 The Suspects Wore Louboutins]. Vanity Fair&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://ca.eonline.com/news/186575/ringless-megan-fox-engagement-is-old-news#ixzz0rEAjEKXg Ringless Megan Fox: Engagement Is &quot;Old News&quot;!]. E! Online&lt;/ref&gt;

Fox iyo Green waxay is guursadeen Juun 24, 2010 xaflad gaar ah oo ka dhacday Maui.&lt;ref name=&quot;www.tvguide.com&quot;&gt;[https://tvguide.com/News/Megan-Fox-Marriage-1019999.aspx Megan Fox and Brian Austin Green Wed in Small Ceremony] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140906023216/http://www.tvguide.com/News/Megan-Fox-Marriage-1019999.aspx archived] TV Guide&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.usmagazine.com/celebritynews/news/fox-green-wed-2010286 Megan Fox and Brian Austin Green Are Married!]  Us Weekly&lt;/ref&gt;  Fox waxay furtay furiin 21-kii Ogos, 2015, maalmo yar kadib markii iyada iyo Green ay ku dhawaaqeen kala tagooda.&lt;ref name=&quot;Reuters divorce&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Dobuzinskis|first1=Alex|title=Actress Megan Fox files for divorce from Brian Austin Green|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/08/22/us-people-meganfox-idUSKCN0QR00D20150822|work=[[Reuters]]|access-date=August 21, 2015|date=August 21, 2015|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=August 25, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150825040615/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/08/22/us-people-meganfox-idUSKCN0QR00D20150822|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Blynn|first1=Jamie|title=Megan Fox and Brian Austin Green Split: Couple Has Separated After 11 Years Together|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-split-couple-separates-after-11-years-2015198|website=[[Us Weekly]]|access-date=August 21, 2015|date=August 19, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Horaantii 2016, way soo wada noqdeen waxayna filayeen ilmo saddexaad.&lt;ref name=&quot;toofab&quot;&gt;[http://toofab.com/2016/05/02/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-beach-photos/ Megan Fox Covers Up Her Baby Bump at the Beach] {{Wayback|url=http://toofab.com/2016/05/02/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-beach-photos/ |date=20230505114515 }} Too Fab&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Abriil 25, 2019 Fox waxay xareysay furitaanka furiinka ka dhacay Los Angeles, Kalifornia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/megan-fox-files-to-dismiss-brian-austin-green-divorce/|title=Finally! Megan Fox Files to Dismiss Brian Austin Green Divorce|magazine=[[Us Weekly]]|date=April 27, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Maajo 2020, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inay kala tageen.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-split-after-nearly-10-years-of-marriage/|title=Brian Austin Green Confirms Split From Megan Fox After Nearly 10 Years of Marriage|website=[[US Weekly]]|first=Dory|last=Jackson|date=May 18, 2020|access-date=May 18, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Wadajir ahaan, waxay leeyihiin saddex wiil: Noah Shannon Green (wuxuu dhashay 2012),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=D'Zurilla|first1=Christie|title=Megan Fox, Brian Austin Green have baby boy|url=https://articles.latimes.com/2012/oct/17/entertainment/la-et-mg-megan-fox-baby-boy-brian-austin-green-20121017|access-date=August 22, 2015|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=October 17, 2012|archive-date=January 8, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108080206/http://articles.latimes.com/2012/oct/17/entertainment/la-et-mg-megan-fox-baby-boy-brian-austin-green-20121017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/MeganFox/posts/10151070465595423|first=Megan (verified account)|last=Fox|title=We have been very lucky to have had a peaceful few weeks at home…|quote=I gave birth to our son Noah Shannon Green on September 27th.|website=[[Facebook]]|date=October 17, 2012|access-date=August 20, 2017|archive-date=July 7, 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130707025240/https://www.facebook.com/MeganFox/posts/10151070465595423|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bodhi Ransom Green (wuxuu dhashay 2014)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Eggenberger|first1=Nicole|title=Megan Fox Gives Birth, Welcomes Baby Boy Bodhi Ransom With Husband Brian Austin Green|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/megan-fox-gives-birth-welcomes-baby-boy-bodhi-ransom-with-husband-brian-austin-green-2014202|access-date=August 22, 2015|work=[[Us Weekly]]|date=February 20, 2014|archive-date=August 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819063912/http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/megan-fox-gives-birth-welcomes-baby-boy-bodhi-ransom-with-husband-brian-austin-green-2014202|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo Journey River Green (wuxuu dhashay 2016).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://people.com/parents/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-welcome-son-journey-river/|title=Brian Austin Green and Megan Fox Welcome Son Journey River|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=August 9, 2016|access-date=March 29, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Fox sidoo kale waxay hooyo u tahay wiilka Green, Kassius (wuxuu dhashay 2002), xiriir hore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.eonline.com/news/286501/brian-austin-green-sues-baby-mama-vanessa-marcil|title=Brian Austin Green Sues Baby Mama Vanessa Marcil|website=[[E!]]|date=January 13, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Maajo 2020, Green wuxuu ku dhawaaqay in isaga iyo Fox ay kala tageen ka dib ku dhowaad 10 sano oo ay is qabeen,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Brian Austin Green opens up about split with wife Megan Fox|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/18/entertainment/brian-austin-green-megan-fox/index.html|date=May 19, 2020|first=Sandra|last=Gonzalez|website=CNN|access-date=May 21, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;  iyo bishii Nofeembar 2020, Fox ayaa markii labaad furtay furiin ka imanaya Green.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://people.com/movies/megan-fox-files-for-divorce-from-brian-austin-green-for-second-time/|title=Megan Fox Files for Divorce from Brian Austin Green Days After Red Carpet Debut with Machine Gun Kelly|first=Ale|last=Russian|publisher=People|date=November 25, 2020|access-date=December 17, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Fox iyo Green waa taageereyaasha Deeqsinimada Biyaha, waxayna maalgeliyeen abuuritaanka in ka badan toban ceel biyood oo loogu talagalay hay'adda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/evankirkpatrick/2015/04/27/a-night-of-generosity-raised-over-500k-in-minutes-success-was-years-in-the-making/|title='A Night Of Generosity' Raised Over $500k In Minutes, Success Was Years In The Making|last=Kirkpatrick|first=Evan|date=April 27, 2015|work=[[Forbes (magazine)|Forbes]]|access-date=September 19, 2018|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.accessonline.com/videos/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-give-back-49203/|title=Megan Fox &amp; Brian Austin Green Give Back|date=December 15, 2014|work=[[Access Hollywood]]|access-date=August 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822050251/https://www.accessonline.com/videos/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-give-back-49203/|archive-date=August 22, 2018|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Juun 2020, iyada iyo fannaanka Machine Gun Kelly waxay meel fagaare ah ka wada hadleen xiriirkooda, dhowr toddobaad ka dib markii la sii daayay heesta Machine Gun Kelly ee &quot; Bloody Valentine&quot;, oo ay Fox ku soo bandhigtay fiidiyowga muusikada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=Smith|first1=Troy L.|last2=Clevel|last3=.com|date=June 16, 2020|title=Megan Fox, Machine Gun Kelly confirm relationship after making out in public|url=https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2020/06/megan-fox-machine-gun-kelly-confirm-relationship-after-making-out-in-public.html|access-date=June 23, 2020|website=cleveland}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Fox waxay leedahay qaab brachydactyly loo yaqaan suulka suulasha,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Megan Fox's 'cosmetic deficit'|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=February 9, 2010|access-date=October 24, 2017|url=http://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/celebrity/megan-foxs-cosmetic-deficit-20100208-no1n.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;  oo ay ka wada hadashey cilladdeeda qasabka ah ee qasabka ah (OCD), amni-darrada, is-waxyeellaynta, waxayna qiraysaa inay leedahay kalsooni-darro.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hedegaard&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|first=Erik|last=Hedegaard|title=Megan Fox Draws Blood|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=October 1, 2009|access-date=October 24, 2017|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/features/megan-fox-draws-blood-20091001}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2013, waxay sheegtay in caqiidadeeda masiixiyadeed ay wali muhiimad gaar ah u leedahay iyada ayna aaminsan tahay inay ka dhigayso inay salka ku hayso.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|first=Stephen|last=Marche|url=http://www.esquire.com/features/megan-fox-photos-interview-0213|title=Megan Fox Saves Herself|magazine=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]|date=January 15, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Fox waxay tiri waxay leedahay kalsooni daro guud iyo nacaybka ragga,&lt;ref name=&quot;Bullock&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|first=Maggie|last=Bullock|title=Megan Fox: ELLE's June cover girl on breaking up, misbehaving, and having men eating out of her hand|magazine=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]|date=May 5, 2009|access-date=October 10, 2009|url=http://www.elle.com/pop-culture/cover-shoots/megan-fox-323890}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kids&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Megan Fox says having kids won't cramp her social style|newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=March 20, 2012|access-date=April 15, 2012|url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/entertainment/megan-fox-says-having-kids-wont-cramp-her-social-style/story-e6frewyr-1226304790003}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Survive&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Megan Fox: &quot;I Could Survive a Week Without Eating&quot;|work=[[Us Weekly]]|date=May 18, 2010|access-date=April 15, 2012|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-body/news/megan-fox-i-could-survive-a-week-without-eating-2010185}}&lt;/ref&gt;  oo ay sheegtay in aysan u galmoon karin qof aysan jecleyn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cady&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kids&quot; /&gt; 

== Tixraacyada ==


&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Dad nool]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Angela White</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32661</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311814</id>
      <parentid>254238</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T21:55:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="3755" sha1="lqy15tfcbmgr7fjkl6jed7ry7f4970v" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Angela White|image=Angela White 2019 by Glenn Francis.jpg|caption=White markii ugu horreysay ee filimka ''[[Perspective]]'' ee 2019|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth year and age|1984|}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], [[New South Wales]], Australia|death_date=|death_place=|nationality=Australiyaan|height=|weight=|alias=|alma mater=Jaamacadda Melbourne|awards=|website={{URL|angelawhite.com}}|years active=2003–hada}}
'''Angela Gabrielle White''' waa atirisho filim qaawan oo [[Australia|Australiyaan]] ah isla markaana filim sameeye ah.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.thedailybeast.com/meet-the-porn-star-turned-academic-whos-revolutionizing-the-adult-industry &quot;Meet the Porn Star Turned Academic Who's Revolutionizing the Adult Industry&quot;]. The Daily Beast.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.thedailybeast.com/meet-the-meryl-streep-of-porn &quot;Meet the Meryl Streep of Porn, Angela White: 'I Hope My Success Can Inspire Others'&quot;]. The Daily Beast.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Waxbarasho ==
White wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay Jaamacadda Melbourne 2010&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/life/laying-out-the-bare-essentials-20130322-2gl4p.html &quot;Laying out the bare essentials&quot;]. Sydney Morning Herald.&lt;/ref&gt; oo uu ku qaatay darajada koowaad ee maamuuska ee daraasaadka jinsiga.

== Shaqo ==
Angela White (magaceeda dhabta ah)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.buzzfeed.com/javiermoreno/things-you-need-to-know-about-adult-film-star-angela-whit&lt;/ref&gt; waxay shaqadeeda ka bilawday warshadaha qaangaarka sanadkii 2003.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://avn.com/business/articles/video/up-from-down-under-aussie-star-angela-white-is-on-the-rise-584568.html&lt;/ref&gt; Muuqaalkeedii ugu horeeyay waxaa toogtay ''Score'' wax yar uun markay 18 jirsatay.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Sannadkii 2007, White waxaa loo magacaabay Model-ka Sannadka.

White waxay samaysay muuqaalkeedii ugu horreeyay ee galmo iyada iyo wiil 2011 dii [[DVD]] ah ''Angela White Finally Fucks''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Sannadkii 2013, White ayaa billowday degelkeeda rasmiga ah, angelawhite.com.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20161128195024/http://www.xbiz.com/news/news_piece.php?id=171107&amp;mi=all&amp;q=angela+white&lt;/ref&gt; Dabayaaqadii bishaas, White iyo Jessa Rhodes waxaa loo magacaabay Hablaha Rasmiga ah ee Abaal Marinta Abaalmarinta 2014 XBIZ.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.xbiz.com/news/171644/jessa-rhodes-angela-white-named-official-trophy-girls-for-2014-xbiz-awards&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Angela_White_2017.jpg|left|thumb|270x270px|White Abaalmarinta XRCO ee 2017]]

== Muuqaalka warbaahinta kale ==
Sannadkii 2007, White waxay markii ugu horreysay ka sameysay telefishanka taxanaha majaajillada Australiya ee ''Pizza''.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20140323121837/http://www.au.timeout.com/melbourne/adult/events/9007/sexpo-x-treme-2013&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Sebtember 2013, White ayaa ka soo muuqatay barnaamijka wararka Australia ee ''The Feed''.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20161201075811/http://www.xbiz.com/news/168661&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Nofeembar 2013, Caddaan ayaa ka soo muuqday dokumenteriga ''The Vagina Diaries''.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20161201013958/http://www.xbiz.com/news/171793&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Maajo 2015, White waxay ahayd mawduucyada dukumintiga gaaban ''The Porn Identity''.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.xbiz.com/news/194535/video-angela-white-profiled-in-the-porn-identity&lt;/ref&gt;

2019, goos gooska iyada ayaa lagu soo bandhigay tijaabada taxanaha majaajillada [[HBO]] ''Mrs. Fletcher''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://themuse.jezebel.com/get-it-mrs-fletcher-1840341148 |access-date=2021-05-27 |archive-date=2021-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516060939/https://themuse.jezebel.com/get-it-mrs-fletcher-1840341148 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Tixraacyada ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|}


[[Category:Dad nool]]


&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Door County, Wisconsin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32751</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311865</id>
      <parentid>310760</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T22:54:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="72825" sha1="mfgyd8g26f1ic8z6aenlhhiu92h3rdx" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
|name = Door County, Wisconsin
|official_name =
|settlement_type = County
|nickname = 
|image_skyline = DoorCountyWisconsinCourthouse.jpg
|imagesize = 234px
|image_caption = Xarunta Dowladda ee Door County ee ku taal Sturgeon Bay
|image_flag = 
|image_seal = 
|image_map = Map_of_Wisconsin_highlighting_Door_County.svg
|mapsize = 234px
|map_caption = Door County ee Wisconsin
|image_map1 = Wisconsin_in_United_States.svg
|mapsize1 = 234px
|map_caption1 = Wisconsin ee Mareykanka
|pushpin_map = 
|pushpin_map_caption = 
|coordinates_display = 
|coordinates_region = 
|subdivision_type = 
|subdivision_type1 = 
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|subdivision_name =
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|subdivision_name2 =
|government_type = 
|leader_title = 
|leader_name = 
|leader_title1 = 
|leader_name1 = 
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
|title_style = 
|established_date = 1851
&lt;!-- Area --&gt;
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes = 
|area_magnitude = 
|area_total_km2 = 
|area_land_km2 = 
|area_water_km2 = 
|area_total_sq_mi = 2370
|area_land_sq_mi = 482
|area_water_sq_mi = 1888
|area_water_percent = 80
&lt;!-- Population --&gt;
|population_as_of =
|population_est = 2019
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|population_total = 27785
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|population_blank1_title = 
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|population_demonym = 
|postal_code_type = 
|postal_code = 
|area_code = Area code 920
|timezone = [[Wakhti|CST]]
|utc_offset = −06:00
|timezone_DST = CDT
|utc_offset_DST = −05:00
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|website = [http://www.co.door.wi.gov Bogga rasmiga ah ee dowladda]
|footnotes = 
}}

'''Door County''' waa degmada ugu fog bariga gobolka Wisconsin ee [[Gobolada Isku Tegay ee Ameerika|Mareykanka]] . Laga soo bilaabo tirakoobkii 2010, tirada dadka ku nool gobolka waxay ahaayeen 27,785.&lt;ref name=&quot;QF&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110606145801/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/55/55029.html State &amp; County QuickFacts], ''United States Census Bureau''&lt;/ref&gt;
Kursiga degmadu waa Sturgeon Bay, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ka mid ah saddexda [[degmo]] ee Wisconsin ee harada Lake Michigan inaysan yeelan kursi degmo oo isku magac ah. &lt;ref name=&quot;GR6&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx Find a County], ''National Association of Counties''&lt;/ref&gt; Taabadalkeed waxaa loogu magac daray  marinka cidhiidhka  ah ee u dhexeeya Jasiiradda Door peninsula iyo jasiirada Washington. Marinka halista ah, ee loo yaqaan Albaabka Dhimashada, waxaa ku jira maraakiib burburay wuxuuna caan ku ahaa dadkii [[Hindida Cas|asalka maraykanka ahaa]] iyo sahamiyayaashii hore ee Faransiiska

Gobolka waxaa la sameeyay 1851 waxaana la abaabulay 1861. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200214002752/https://publications.newberry.org/ahcbp/documents/WI_Individual_County_Chronologies.htm Wisconsin Atlas of Historical County Boundaries], ''The Newberry Library''&lt;/ref&gt;

Degmada Door waa meel caan ah oo loo dalxiis tago.

== Taariikhda ==

=== Dhaladka Mareykanka iyo Faransiiska ===

==== Halyeeygii Porte des Morts ====
Magaca Door County wuxuu ka yimid Porte des Morts oo macnaheedu yahay (&quot;Albaabka Geerida&quot;), waana marinka udhaxeeya jasiirada Door Peninsula iyo  jasiirada Washington Island. &lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States], waxaa qoray Henry Gannett, 1905, U.S. Government Printing Office&lt;/ref&gt; Magaca &quot;Albaabka Dhimashada&quot; wuxuu ka yimid sheekooyinka dadkii asalka Mareykanka ahaa, oo ay maqleen sahamiyayaashii hore ee Faransiiska waxaana loo daabacay qaab aad loo qurxiyay oo uu daabacay Hjalmar Holand, kaasoo ku tilmaamay duulaan fashilmay oo ay soo qaadeen qabiilka Ho-Chunk (Winnebago) si ay uga qabsadaan Jasiiradda Washington island qabiilka la tartamaya ee Pottawatomi. horaantii 1600. Waxay la xiriirtay markabkii ku burburay marinka dhexdiisa . &lt;ref&gt;Kohl, Cris &amp; Joan Forsberg, ''Shipwrecks at Death's Door'', bogga 10.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Deegaamayn iyo horumar ===

==== Deegaamayntii qarnigii 19aad-20aad ====
[[File:The_Pioneer_Cemetery_at_Peninsula_State_Park..jpg|thumb|Qabrigii Increase Claflin iyo qoyskiisi.]]
Qarniyadii 19aad iyo 20aad waxay arkeen socdaalka iyo deegamaysigii hormoodka, badmareenada, kalluumeysatada, dhir jarista, iyo beeraleyda. Qofkii ugu horreeyay ee deeganka daga ee caddaanna  wuxuu ahaa Increase Claflin. &lt;ref&gt;''[http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/wch/id/33982 History of Door County Wisconsin, The County Beautiful]'' waxaa qoray Hjalmar Holand, Chicago: S. J. Clarke, 1917, bogga 77.&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 1851, Degmada Door waxaa laga soocay wixii ka jiray Brown County. &lt;ref name=&quot;2030 plan&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113054549/http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp-Plan/2035-Update/Chapter%203%20Historical%20and%20Cultural%20Resources.pdf Door County Comprehensive Plan 2030. Chapter 3 – Historical and Cultural Resources. Volume II, Resource Report.], Table 3.1: Timeline of Historic Events in Door County, bogagga 19–20 (bogagga 4–5 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; 1853, Moravians waxay aasaaseen Efrayim inay yihiin beel diimeed ka dib markii Nils Otto Tank uu is hortaagay isku daygii  iyo dib u habeynta lahaanshaha dhulka ee gumeysigii hore ee diimeedka ee u dhowaa Green Bay. &lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=lxCLAFUu2RoC&amp;pg=PA21 Inventory of the Church Archives of Wisconsin: Moravian Church], waxaa qoray Historical Records Survey, Division of Women's and Professional Projects, Works Progress Administration, 1938, bogga 21 iyo [http://history.rays-place.com/wi/door-ephraim.htm History of Ephraim, Door County, Wisconsin]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} waxaa qoray Hjalmar R. Holand, 1917&lt;/ref&gt; Bulshada Mareykan-Madowga ah iyo jameekaan ku cibaadeysanaya West Harbor oo ku taal Jasiiradda Washington ayaa lagu sheegay 1854. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20070202071808/http://www.bleidoorcountytimes.com/blogpage.asp?blogPageId=4 On Islands, Lighthouses, &amp; The Keeper of the Light on Pilot Island: Martin Nicolai Knudsen; &quot;A Gleam Across the Wave&quot;], ''Norman Blei Door County Times'', Diisambar 20, 2006 (archived from the original)''&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale sanadkii 1854 xafiiskii boosto ee ugu horreeyay gobolka ayaa laga furay, Jasiiradda Washington. &lt;ref&gt;''[https://dokumen.pub/going-for-the-mail-a-history-of-door-county-post-offices-0964149931.html Going For The Mail: A History Of Door County Post Offices]'' waxaa qoray James B. Hale, Brown County Historical Society: Green Bay, WI. 1996. Full text on dokumen.pub&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 1855, afar qof oo Irish ah ayaa si kama 'ah uga tagtay doontii ay saaraayeen, taasoo horseeday dejinta iyo deegamaynta meesha hadda loo yaqaan Forestville. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113054804/http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp-Plan/Completed/Village%20of%20Forestville%20Comp%20Plan%202009.pdf Village of Forestville Comprehensive Plan], Sebtember 11th, 2009, bogagga 14–16 ee dukumintiga&lt;/ref&gt; Qarnigii 19aad, soogalooti baaxad weyn oo ka socda Walloons-ka [[Beljim|Beljamka]] ayaa soo degay gobol yar oo ku yaal qaybta koonfureed ee gobolka,&lt;ref name=&quot;Soucek 2011&quot;&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=dPl-CQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT11 Door County Tales: Shipwrecks, Cherries and Goats on the Roof] waxaa qoray G. Soucek, 2011&lt;/ref&gt; oo ay ku jirto aagga loo qoondeeyey inay tahay Degmada Taariikheed ee Namur. Waxay dhiseen votive chapels, qaarkoodna ilaa maanta la isticmaalo, &lt;ref&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/small-sacred-spaces-preserved/ Southern Door County's Belgian Wayside Chapels] waxaa qoray ''Door County Living'', May 1, 2009, [https://www.doorcounty.com/experience/worship/belgian-chapels/ Where to Find Belgian Chapels in Door County] {{Wayback|url=https://www.doorcounty.com/experience/worship/belgian-chapels/ |date=20210624200700 }}, ''Door County Visitor Bureau'' iyo [https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?msa=0&amp;hl=en&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;t=p&amp;ll=44.7283540095412%2C-87.50432131385733&amp;spn=0.341371%2C0.583649&amp;z=10&amp;source=embed&amp;mid=12Ose-DUL7MCyf8vnE4rKSBZspG0 Wisconsin Belgian Roadside Chapels] in Google Maps&lt;/ref&gt; waxayna dhaqammo kale ka keeneen Yurub sida xafladda  iida  harvest festival ee Kermiss. &lt;ref&gt;Holand, Hjalmar Rued, Wisconsin's Belgian community: an account of the early events in the Belgian settlement in northeastern Wisconsin with particular reference to the Belgians in Door County, [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://images.library.wisc.edu/WI/EFacs/USAIN/BelgComm/reference/wi.belgcomm.i0013.pdf Chapter VII Belgian Characteristics and Customs], bogga 82 ff, 1933. See also the [http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.BelgComm Table of Contents] for the entire book.&lt;/ref&gt;

Markii la meel mariyay Homestead Act of 1862 (Sharciga Guryaha ee 1862), dadku waxay iibsan karayeen 80 hektar oo dhul ah $18 oo keliya haddii ay degaan dhulka, hagaajiyaan, oo ay beeraha beertaan muddo shan sano ah. Tani waxay ka dhigtay degitaanka degmada Door mid la awoodi karo.

Markii [[Dab|dabkii]] Peshtigo ee 1871 uu gubay magaalada Williamsonville, lixdan qof ayaa ku dhintay. Aagga ay masiibadani hadda ka dhacday waa Tornado Memorial County Park, oo loogu magac daray dab-damiskii kaas oo halkaas ka dhacay. &lt;ref&gt;[https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://images.library.wisc.edu/WI/EFacs/transactions/WT1990/reference/wi.wt1990.jmmoran.pdf Tornadoes of Fire at Williamsonville, Wisconsin, Oktoobar 8, 1871] waxaa qoray Joseph M. Moran iyo E. Lee Somerville, 1990, Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, 31 bogagga&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/fire-took-williamsonville/ The Fire That Took Williamsonville], waxaa qoray Justin Skiba, ''Door County Living'' Sebtember 2, 2016
&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113055040/http://map.co.door.wi.us/parks/kiosks/Tornado.pdf Tornado Memorial Park] kiosk historical notes, also see [http://archaeolab.anthro.uwm.edu/WIS_57_Project/WIS_57_Public_Interpretation/WIS_57_Documents/Summary_Handout_(Version_3).pdf bogga 19] {{Wayback|url=http://archaeolab.anthro.uwm.edu/WIS_57_Project/WIS_57_Public_Interpretation/WIS_57_Documents/Summary_Handout_(Version_3).pdf |date=20210624200537 }} ee County C Park and Ride lot panel draft pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Isku soo wada duuboo, 128 qof oo ka tirsan gobolka ayaa ku halaagmay oo ku nafwaayey dabkii Peshtigo. &lt;ref name=&quot;2030 plan2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113054549/http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp-Plan/2035-Update/Chapter%203%20Historical%20and%20Cultural%20Resources.pdf Door County Comprehensive Plan 2030. Chapter 3 – Historical and Cultural Resources. Volume II, Resource Report.], Table 3.1: Timeline of Historic Events in Door County, bogagga 19–20 (bogagga 4–5 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Dabkii iyo masiibadii ka dib, qaar ka mid ah dadka deegaanka ayaa go'aansaday inay isticmaalaan leben halkii ay ka isticmaali lahaayeen alwaax. &lt;ref&gt;[https://dc.uwm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1191&amp;context=etd Brick by Brick: A Comparative pXRF Analysis of Brickworks and Structures in the Belgian-American Community ee Door Peninsula] waxaa qoray Lisa Marie Zimmerman, unpublished M.S. thesis, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, 2013 iyo [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89065971202&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=169 Old World Wisconsin: around Europe in the Badger State] waxaa qoray Fred L. Holmes. E. M. Hale and Company, 1944, bogga 163 (169 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 1885 ama 1886, waxaa laga aasaasay waxa hadda loo yaqaan Saldhigga Ilaalada Xeebaha ee Sturgeon Bay. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113055046/http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp-Plan/Transportation_Profile_DRAFT.pdf II. Transportation Profile Draft], waxaa qoray the Door County Comprehensive Plan 2030 Transportation Advisory Workgroup, bogga 5 ee pdf&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20080925200639/http://uscg.mil/history/stations/STURGEONBAYCANAL.pdf Station Sturgeon Bay Canal, Wisconsin], ''United States Coast Guard History Program'', United States Coast Guard&lt;/ref&gt; Saldhigga yar ee xilliyada-qaar furan ee Jasiiradda Washington isna waxaa la aasaasay 1902. &lt;ref name=&quot;WashingtonIsland&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20121025025700/http://www.uscg.mil/d9/sectlakemichigan/STAWashingtonIslandUO.pdf USCG Station Washington Island], United States Coast Guard&lt;/ref&gt;

Markii muddada deegaamayntu socotey, Dhaladka Mareykanka waxay ahayeen dad laga tiro badanyahay oo ku nool jasiirada Door County . Tirakoobkii sanadkii 1890-kii wuxuu sheegay 22 Hindi ah oo ku nool Degmada jasiirada Door. Iyagu way is taageereen, waxay ku xirnaayeen canshuur, mana helin raashin. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1890a_v10-30.pdf Total Indian Population as of Juun 1, 1890] ''Bureau of the Census'', bogga 1 ee pdf.&lt;/ref&gt; Markii la gaadhay tirakoobkii sanadkii 1910-kii tiradoodu waxay hoos ugu dhacday ilaa sagaal qof. &lt;ref&gt;Table 7. Indians, Chinese, and Japanese, For Counties and For Cities of 25,000 or More: 1920, 1920, and 1900. [https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/06229686v44-49ch5.pdf Fourteenth Census of the United States: State Compendium: Wisconsin] ''Bureau of the Census'', 1925, bogga 33 (bogga 35 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 1894-kii ayaa Ahnapee iyo Western Railway lagu soo kordhiyay Sturgeon Bay. Sannadkii 1969-kii, tareen ayaa woqooyiga Algoma kasoo gali jiray gobolka markii ugu dambaysay, &lt;ref&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/the-rise-and-fall-of-the-ahnapee-western-railway/ The Rise and Fall of the Ahnapee &amp; Western Railway] waxaa qoray Myles Dannhausen Jr. iyo Patty Williamson, ''Door County Living'' Nofeembar 15, 2011&lt;/ref&gt; in kastoo tareenno dheeri ah oo koonfurta ka yimaada ay ka shaqayn jireen ilaa iyo sanadkii 1986 &lt;ref name=&quot;Mailer&quot;&gt;''Green Bay &amp; Western The First 111 Years'' waxaa qoray Mailer, Stan, Hundman Publishing, 1989&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Dalxiis-yadii Hore ====
[[File:Excursion party on Sailor Boy.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Laga soo qaatay kaarka boostada lagu calaamadeeyay [[1906]] ee Sturgeon Bay]]
[[File:Cedar_Glen,_one_of_themany_free_tourists%27_camp_sites_in_Peninsula_State_Park,_Door_County,..._(NBY_562).jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Kaadh boosta [[1924]]]]
[[File:Children enjoy picking cherries in Door County orchards.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Laga soo bilaabo buug-yaraha xayaysiinta ee sanadkii [[1914]]-kii, cinwaan ayaa loo tarjumay &quot;Carruurtu waxay ku raaxaystaan ​​inay soo goostaan ​​canabka beeraha ee Degmada Door&quot;]]

Laga soo bilaabo sanadkii [[1865]]-kii illaa sanadkii [[1870]]-kii, seddex hudheel dalxiis ayaa laga dhisay gudaha iyo hareeraha Sturgeon Bay iyo mid kale oo ku yaal Fish Creek. Hal meel oo dalxiis oo weyn ayaa laga aasaasay sanadkaa [[1870]], iyadoo qiimaheedu ahaa $7.50 asbuucii (oo u dhiganta $150 sanadka [[2020]]). In kasta oo qiimaha ay ku jirto saddex cunto oo maalinle ah, haddana lacag dheeri ah ayaa lagu soo rogay oo ah kireynta fardaha, oo sidoo kale laga heli karo bajaajleyda iyo wadayaasha baabuurta. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.worldcat.org/title/door-county-wisconsins-peninsular-jewel/oclc/767578020 Door County Wisconsin's Peninsular Jewel] waxaa qoray Bruce Thomas, [[1993]], bogagga 33–34, iyo 41, also see the inflation calculator from [https://www.measuringworth.com/dollarvaluetoday/?amount=145001890&amp;from=1870 measuringworth.com] {{Wayback|url=https://www.measuringworth.com/dollarvaluetoday/?amount=145001890&amp;from=1870 |date=20210624202745 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka sokow joogitaanka hudheelada, dalxiisayaashu waxay kaloo degi jireen guryo gaar loo leeyahay. Dalxiisayaashu waxay booqan jireen qaybta woqooyi ee gobolka iyagoo raaca markabo yaryar oo rakaaba kuwaaso loo yaqaan 'Great Lakes', mararka qaarna waxay qayb ka yihiin harada dalxiis ee ay ku jiraan muusikada iyo madadaalada. &lt;ref&gt;[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015071189941&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=5 Ships and Shipwrecks in Door County, Wisconsin, Volume 2] waxaa qoray Arthur C. iyo Lucy F. Frederickson, Frankfort, Michigan, [[1963]], bogga 3 (bogga 5 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Gaaritaanka jasiiradda peninsula marka laga soo tago Chicago waxay qaadanjirtey saddex maalmood. Hawada ku hareeraysan bulshooyinka beeralayda ayaa ahayd mid fiican oo aan lahayn kulayl iyo wasakh maxaa yeelay dalagyada miraha ayaa si tartiib ah ugu bislaan jirey cimilada qabow waxaana la goosan jiray miraha dabayaaqada sanadka. Tani waxay ka hor tagtay xilliyadii dambe ee dalaga la goosan jirey. Tani waxay si gaar ah u soo jiidatay dadka qaba cudurka sanboorka ee magaalada ku noola. &lt;ref name=&quot;Hart2&quot;&gt;Hart, John Fraser. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/214100 Resort Areas in Wisconsin]. ''Geographical Review 74''(2) [[1984]], bogagga 206, 207, iyo 198–200 iyo [https://archive.org/stream/americanbeejourn411901hami/#page/597/mode/1up A Bee-keeper's Vacation Spent in Wisconsin] waxaa qoray C. F. Dadant, Sebtember 19, [[1901]] in ''American Bee Journal 41''(38): Chicago, bogga 957&lt;/ref&gt;

Wadooyinka waaweyn ee la hagaajiyay ee dhagaxa laga jajabiyey waxay fududeeyeen dalxiisyadii gawaarida horaantii  sanadkii1900. &lt;ref name=&quot;2030 plan3&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113054549/http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp-Plan/2035-Update/Chapter%203%20Historical%20and%20Cultural%20Resources.pdf Door County Comprehensive Plan 2030. Chapter 3 – Historical and Cultural Resources. Volume II, Resource Report.], Table 3.1: Timeline of Historic Events in Door County, bogagga 19–20 (bogagga 4–5 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; taariikhdu Markay ahayd sanadkii 1909 ugu yaraan 1,000 dalxiisayaal ah ayaa soo booqan jirey sanadkiiba. &lt;ref&gt;[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc2.ark:/13960/t7br8sm8w&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=47 State parks for Wisconsin. Report of John Nolen, Landscape Architect, With Letter of Transmittal by State Park Board], waxaa qoray John Nolen, 1909, bogga 31 (bogga 47 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 1938 Jens Jensen wuxuu ka digay saamaynta dhaqan xumo ee dalxiisayaasha imanaya. Wuxuu qoray, &quot;Degmada Door si tartiib tartiib ah ayay u burburiyeen nacasyada lacagta wata. Ganacsigan dalxiisku wuxuu burburinayaa dhaqankii yaraa ee jiray. &quot; &lt;ref&gt;quotation taken from the Green Bay Press Gazette, Juun 15, 1938 on bogga 194 of ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=9rU-KxYpaM8C&amp;pg=PA194&amp;lpg=PA194&amp;dq=%22Door+County+is+slowly+being+ruined+by+the+stupid+money+crazed+fools.+This+tourist+business+is+destroying+the+little+bit+of+culture+that+was%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=V-ABxYH-kU&amp;sig=ACfU3U0CEeGR5CDXZrbAKxG747cPVRRtqA&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiHjpmjoMDmAhVXBc0KHT79CgAQ6AEwAHoECAEQAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Door%20County%20is%20slowly%20being%20ruined%20by%20the%20stupid%20money%20crazed%20fools.%20This%20tourist%20business%20is%20destroying%20the%20little%20bit%20of%20culture%20that%20was%22&amp;f=false Door County's Emerald Treasure: A History of Peninsula State Park]'' waxaa qoray William H. Tishler, Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press, 2006&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Xoojinta Beeraha ====
Sannadkii 1865, hawlgalkii ugu horreeyay ee miro ganacsi ayaa la aasaasay markii canab lagu beeray mid ka mid ah Jasiiradaha Strawberry.  taariikhdu Markay ahayd sanadkii1895, waxaa la aasaasay xanaanada dhirta miraha waaweyn oo midho-dhalinta khudradda si xoog leh loo dallacsiiyay. Maaha beeraleyda oo keliya laakiin xitaa ragga &quot;magaalada lagu soocay&quot; waxaa lagu booriyay inay u tixgeliyaan beerashada miraha sida shaqada oo kale. Midkii ugu horreeyay ee iskaashatooyin ah kuwaaso suuq geyn u leh miro badan ayaa la bilaabay 1897. Marka lagu daro geedaha ay maamulaan shirkaduhu, 1910 shirkaddii ugu horreysay waxaa loo aasaasay inay beerto oo iibiso geedo hore loo aasaasay. In kasta oo geedaha tufaaxu ka horreeyeen geedaha canabka, haddana sanadkii 1913 waxaa la soo sheegay in canabku uu  dhaafay tufaaxa. &lt;ref name=&quot;Cain&quot;&gt;[https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005752947 The Development of Apple Horticulture in Wisconsin, 1850s-1950s: Case Studies of Bayfield, Crawford, and Door Counties], Chapter 4, Door County Apple Horticulture waxaa qoray Cain, Cortney, M.A. thesis, UW-Madison, May 2006&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Canabka, ilaha shaqada dalagga ====
Haweenka iyo carruurta ayaa sida caadiga ah loo shaqaaleeyay inay soo guraan miraha , laakiin shaqada la hayo ayaa ka sarreysa sahayda shaqaalaha. taariikhdu Markay ahayd sanadkii 1918, way adkeyd in la helo caawimaad ku filan si loo soo qaado dalagyada miraha, sidaa darteed shaqaalaha waxaa keenay YMCA iyo Boy Scouts of America. Soo qaadista canabka waxaa loo suuq geyn jiray sidii nashaadaad xagaaga ah oo wanaagsan oo loogu talagalay wiilasha dhalinyarada ah si loogu celiyo qolka, guddiga, iyo howlaha madadaalada. Hal beerood ayaa ciyaartoy ka kirestay Green Bay Packers iyagoo ah la taliyayaasha kaamka. Intaa waxaa sii dheer, xubno ka socda Oneida Nation ee Wisconsin iyo qabiilooyinka kale ee asalka ah ayaa loo shaqaaleeyay inay soo qaadaan miraha canabka. &lt;ref&gt;[https://minds.wisconsin.edu/bitstream/handle/1793/68290/Bankston%20Jarocki%20Miller.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y Geography of Apple Orchards in Wisconsin: Examining the Core of Cultivation]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Lixaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} waxaa qoray Kody Bankston, Morgan Jarocki, iyo Adrienne Miller, unpublished student paper, UW-Madison, 2012&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://wi101.wisc.edu/2017/07/01/migrant-labor-and-door-county-cherries/ Migrant Labor and Door County Cherries] {{Wayback|url=https://wi101.wisc.edu/2017/07/01/migrant-labor-and-door-county-cherries/ |date=20220223190334 }} waxaa qoray Emily Irwin, Luulyo 1, 2017&lt;/ref&gt; Mushaharkooda ka sokow, qoysaska Dhaladka Mareykanka ah waxaa la siiyay miro u bisil suuqgaynta, oo ay keydiyeen una keydsadeen adeegsiga muddada dheer. &lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=9fHADAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT29 Good Seeds: A Menominee Indian Food Memoir] waxaa qoray Thomas Pecore Weso, Wisconsin Historical Society Press, 2016, bogga 29&lt;/ref&gt; Xero lagu ilaaliyo dadka rayidka ah ayaa laga sameeyay [[Peninsula State Park]] intii lagu jiray Murugada Weyn. Xilligii xagaaga ee sanadkii 1945, Fish Creek waxay ahayd goob xero POW ah oo hoos tagta xero ku taal Fort Sheridan, Illinois. &lt;ref&gt;Mariah Goode. &quot;[https://doorcountypulse.com/the-harvest-of-1945/ The Harvest of 1945: German POW Camps Filled Door County's Labor Shortage]&quot;. ''Door County Pulse'', Luulyo 1, 2005.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;cheyenne Lentz. &quot;[https://www.wpr.org/story-wisconsins-german-pows-piece-hidden-history-author-says Story Of Wisconsin's German POWs Is A Piece Of Hidden History, Author Says]&quot;. ''Wisconsin Public Radio'', Juun 23, 2015.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Damien Jaques. &quot;[https://onmilwaukee.com/myOMC/authors/damienjaques/vicfarm12.html Cherry picking with German POWs in Door County]&quot;. ''On Milwaukee'', Luulyo 9, 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Jarmalka|Maxaabiista Jarmalka]] ah waxay ku mashquulsanaayeen mashaariic dhismo, qoryo ayey dhisi jareen, waxayna soo gurteen canabka Jasiiradda Peninsula State Park iyo nawaaxigeeda. &lt;ref name=&quot;Tishler 2006&quot;&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=9rU-KxYpaM8C&amp;pg=PA154 Door County's Emerald Treasure: A History of Peninsula State Park], Tishler, W.H., University of Wisconsin Press, 2006&lt;/ref&gt; Intii lagu gudajiray shaqo joojin kooban, POWs ayaa diiday inay shaqeeyaan. Jawaabta ayay ilaalayaashu dejiyeen siyaasad &quot;shaqo majiro, waxna ha cunin&quot; waxayna ku noqdeen shaqadoodii, iyaga oo ka guraya 11 baal maalin walba ugu dambayntiina isku darka waxay gaarayaan 508,020 pails. &lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=zD-kby0LiuEC&amp;pg=PA240 Stalag Wisconsin: Inside WW II Prisoner-of-war Camps], waxaa qoray Betty Cowley, Oregon, Wisconsin: Badger Books, 2002, Section on Camp Sturgeon Bay 1945, bogagga 240 iyo 243&lt;/ref&gt;

Adeegga Shaqaalaynta ee Gobolka Wisconsin wuxuu xafiis ka sameeyay degmada Door sanadkii 1949 si uu u goro [[Texas|Tejanos]] si uu u soo qaado miraha canabka. Shaqadu waxay ahayd mid aan la saadaalin karin, maadaama goosashada miraha canabku ay liidatay sanadaha qaarkood shaqaaluhuna lagu siin jiray qadarka ay soo saareen. Sannadkii 1951, Waaxda Daryeelka Dadweynaha ee Wisconsin waxay samaysay daraasad lagu  diiwaan gelinayo isku dhaca u dhexeeya shaqaalaha muhaajiriinta ah iyo dalxiisayaasha, kuwaas oo ka xumaaday joogitaanka qoysaska muhaajiriinta ah ee aagagga fasaxa dadweynaha. &lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=VXg3DwAAQBAJ Mexicans in Wisconsin] waxaa qoray Sergio González, Wisconsin Historical Society Press, 2017&lt;/ref&gt; Liiska talooyinka ayaa loo diyaariyey si loo hagaajiyo xiriirka jinsiyadaha. &lt;ref&gt;The list is found on bogagga 51 ff of [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89096552690&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=51 Migrant agricultural workers in Door County] waxaa qoray Division for Children and Youth, State Department of Public Welfare, Wisconsin, 1951&lt;/ref&gt; Shaqaalaynta muhaajiriinta ayaa sii socota ilaa maanta. Sannadkii 2013, waxaa gobolka ka jiray saddex xero shaqo oo muhaajiriin ah, oo ay ku noolyihiin wadar ahaan 57 xoogsato iyo xoogsade ka shaqeeya iyo shan qof oo aan shaqaale ahayn. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.wpi.edu/Pubs/E-project/Available/E-project-101914-093218/unrestricted/Farm_Labor__IQP_Report.pdf Developing Strategies to Improve Farm Labor Camp Housing Policy in Massachusetts] {{Wayback|url=https://web.wpi.edu/Pubs/E-project/Available/E-project-101914-093218/unrestricted/Farm_Labor__IQP_Report.pdf |date=20210721041341 }}, waxaa qoray Daniel MacVeigh-Fierro Samantha Ricci Damani Walder, Worcester Polytechnic Institute Boston Project Center B.S. Interactive Qualifying Project, bogga 65 (bogga 79 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Dhacdooyinkii qarnigii 20 –aad-21aad ====
Sannadkii 1905, ''Lilly Amiot'' wuxuu ku sugnaa Ellison Bay waxana uu saarnaa xamuul siday shidaal markii uu dab qabsaday. Ka dib markii la gooyay dabacsan, wuu rogmaday ilaa uu ka qarxayey; qaraxa waxaa laga maqlay meel 15 mayl u jirta goobta. &lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=4CBCcye0n6IC&amp;pg=PA41&amp;lpg=PA41 Shipwrecks of Lake Michigan] waxaa qoray Benjamin J. Shelak, Black Earth, Wisconsin: Trails Books, 2003, bogga 41&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 1912, duuliye diyaaradeed Lincoln Beachey ayaa soo bandhigay biplanekiisa intii lagu gudo jiray carwadii degmada; tan waxaa la rumeysan yahay inay tahay duullimaadkii ugu horreeyay ee ku dega gobolka. &lt;ref&gt;''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113055650/http://map.co.door.wi.us/airport/They%20Wanted%20Wings-History%20of%20Door%20County%20Aviation.pdf They Wanted Wings: A History of Door County Aviation]'' waxaa qoray John Enigl iyo Wallace &quot;Bud&quot; Felhofer, 2001, bogga 5 (bogga 11 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 1913, ''The Old Rugged Cross'' waxaa markii ugu horraysay ee laga heesay Kaniisadda loo yaqaan Saaxiibbada ee ku taal Sturgeon Bay iyada oo ay wada socdaan laba daaci oo socdaal ah. &lt;ref&gt;''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FjBdDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA113 Hidden History of Sturgeon Bay]''by Heidi Hodges and Kathy Steebs, Charleston, North Carolina: The History Press, 2018, bogga 113&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 1919-kii, tartankii ugu horreeyay ee loo yaqaan 'Hydro-Navy hydrogen balloon' waxaa ku guuleystay koox ciidan ah oo buufinkoodu ku dhacday marinka Albaabka Dhimashada. Laba askari ayaa u adkeystay mowjado 10-cag ah saacad ka hor inta aanu badbaadin nin kalluumeysato ah. &lt;ref&gt;''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113055650/http://map.co.door.wi.us/airport/They%20Wanted%20Wings-History%20of%20Door%20County%20Aviation.pdf They Wanted Wings: A History of Door County Aviation]'' waxaa qoray John Enigl and Wallace &quot;Bud&quot; Felhofer, 2001, bogga 13 (bogga 19 ee pdf) and [https://books.google.com/books?id=XHvCTAFtLIsC&amp;pg=RA1-PA33&amp;dq=%22First+Army-Navy+Balloon+Race%22&amp;hl=en&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjHzb7i997mAhVJZc0KHa9lBCQQ6AEwAHoECAEQAg#v=onepage&amp;q=%22First%20Army-Navy%20Balloon%20Race%22&amp;f=false U.S. Air Services, Volumes 2–4], bogga 33&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 1925-kii, lo ku nool Horseshoe Bay oo la yiraahdo Aurora Homestead Badger ayaa soo saartay 30,000 oo rodol oo caano ah, xilligaas oo taasi noqotay rikoor caalami ah oo lo'da caanaha laga helo ah. &lt;ref&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/horseshoe-bay-farms/ Horseshoe Bay Farms Still Stands Tall] waxaa qoray Myles Dannhausen Jr., ''Door County Living'' May 1, 2013&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Juun ee sanadkiii1938, sawirro hawada laga qaaday ayaa laga qaaday gobolka oo dhan; sanadkii 2011 sawirada waxaa lasoo geliyay internetka. &lt;ref&gt;They are available from the [https://maps.sco.wisc.edu/WHAIFinder/#9/44.9162/-87.5226 WHAIFinder] application, for reference see [https://www.sco.wisc.edu/2011/02/23/wisconsin-historic-aerial-photographs-now-available-online/ Wisconsin historic aerial photographs now available online] waxaa qoray Howard Veregin, ''Wisconsin Geospatial News'', Febraayo 23, 2011&lt;/ref&gt;

1941, Dugsiga Xirfadaha ee Sturgeon Bay ayaa la furay. Hadda waa xerada Sturgeon Bay ee Northeast Wisconsin Technical College.

Bishii Diseembar ee sanadkii1959, ''Bridgebuilder X'' ayaa la waayey ka dib markii uu ka tegey xero markab oo ku taal Sturgeon Bay halkaas oo lagu hagaajiyey. Meelaha loogu tala galay in la tago waxay ahaayeen Northport iyo South Fox Island. Waxyaabaha suurtagalka ah waxaa ka mid ahaa la'aanta ballastiis iyo horumar lama filaan ah oo hirarka 11-cagood ah. Mid ka mid ah labada shaqaale ayaa meydkiisa la helay xagaagii xigay. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200207065910/https://upnorthlive.com/news/neighborhood/more-mysteries-in-the-great-lakes More Mysteries in the Great Lakes] (Archived Febraayo 7, 2020) waxaa qoray Meghan Morelli, ''WPBN-TV'', Diisambar 14, 2012, also see [https://web.archive.org/web/20191123101947/https://michiganmysteries.com/missing-ships/1959-bridgebuilder-x/ 1959 Bridgebuilder X] (Archived Nofeembar 23, 2019) waxaa qoray Ross Richardson, ''Michigan Mysteries''&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2004, degmadu waxay billowday [[Magaalada mataano|xiriir magaalooyin walaasheed]] la leh Jingdezhen oo ku yaal koonfur-bari [[Shiinaha]]. &lt;ref&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/door-county-and-jingdezhen-china/ Door County and Jingdezhen, China: Sister Cities] waxaa qoray ''Door County Living'', Luulyo 1, 2004, accessed Diisambar 12, 2019&lt;/ref&gt;

== Juqraafiga ==

Sida laga soo xigtay Xafiiska Tirakoobka Mareykanka, gobolka wuxuu leeyahay aag guud oo dhan {{Convert|2370|sqmi}}  , oo ka mid ah {{Convert|482|sqmi}}   waa dhul iyo {{Convert|1888|sqmi}}   (80%) waa biyo. &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot;&gt;[http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/counties_list_55.txt 2010 Census Gazetteer Files], United States Census Bureau, Ogosto 22, 2012&lt;/ref&gt; Waxana uu noqonaya degmada ugu weyn Wisconsin marka loo eego wadarta aagagga.

Degmadu waxay leedahay {{Convert|298|miles|meters}} oo xeeb ah, taas oo guud ahaan lagu tilmaamo kala-goynta dhinaca galbeed. Dhinaca bari peat waxaa soo raaca cows iyo xeebo ciid ah ama quruurux ah oo ku yaala hareeraha harada. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.blogs.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/wisconsin/doorWI1918/doorWI1918.pdf Soil Survey of Door County, Wisconsin] {{Wayback|url=https://www.blogs.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/wisconsin/doorWI1918/doorWI1918.pdf |date=20210604104655 }} waxaa qoray W. J. Geib, Carl Thompson, and H.V. Geib, USDA Bureau of Soils, 1918, bogga 6, (bogga 8 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Sannado badan oo hoos u dhacday heerarka biyaha haradu, ubaxyada ku teedsan xeebta waxay muujineysaa isku-xigsi dhir. Badhtamaha Jasiiraddu inta badan waa dhul fidsan ama rogan oo dhul beereed ah. Waxaa jira saddex biyood oo kala duwan iyo laba nooc oo ilo ah oo ka jira degmada. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200126061420/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c490/eda3b833bb470534ca519baf1c4ce74a54f5.pdf Geology and ground water in Door County, Wisconsin, with emphasis on contamination potential in the Silurian dolomite] waxaa qoray M.G. Sherrill Section: &quot;Hydrologic Characteristics of Rock Units,&quot; 1978, U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2047, bogagga 11–12&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://uwex.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=5f3157d4ba6049edb4964568f6ab1ff9 Wisconsin Springs: Data], see the four points located in the county on the electronic map, Susan Swanson, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey&lt;/ref&gt;

Degmadu waxay dabooshaa inta badan Jasiiradda Door. Markii la dhammeeyey kanaalka Maraakiibta ee Sturgeon Bay sanadkii 1881, &lt;ref name=&quot;Wardius Wardius 2013&quot;&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=iVecpMd_5AAC&amp;pg=PA100 Wisconsin Lighthouses: A Photographic and Historical Guide, Revised Edition], K. Wardius iyo B. Wardius, Wisconsin Historical Society Press, 2013, 100–25&lt;/ref&gt; qeybtii woqooyi ee jasiiraddu waxay noqotay jasiirad macmal ah. &lt;ref&gt;''Great Lakes Island Escapes'' waxaa qoray Maureen Dunphy, chapter on [https://muse.jhu.edu/chapter/1916900 Washington Island, Wisconsin], bogga 64 (bogga 3 ee pdf), Wayne State University Press, 2016&lt;/ref&gt; Kanaalkan ayaa la rumeysan yahay inuu si uun u sababay hoos u dhac ku yimaad shahwada tirada badan ee ku sugan harada badda sababo la xiriira isbeddelada ku dhaca deegaanka biyaha ku jira. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113055938/https://www.sturgeonbaywi.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/comprehensive-plan-update-2010-adopted1.pdf City of Sturgeon Bay Comprehensive Plan Update], 2010, chapter 2 bogga 2 (bogga 14 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Is barbar dhigga woqooyi ee 45aad wuxuu ka kooban yahay &quot;jasiiradda,&quot; tanna waxaa lagu xusaa Park Meridian Park. &lt;ref&gt;{[https://www.co.door.wi.gov/746/Meridian-County-Park Meridian County Park], Door County Parks&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Meridian County Park and Harter-Matter Sanctuary Map and trail guide |url=https://kangaroolake.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/MERIDIAN-CO-PARK.pdf |access-date=2021-06-22 |archive-date=2022-10-09 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://kangaroolake.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/MERIDIAN-CO-PARK.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Soo-kabashada ===
Dolomite outcroppings ah ee Escarpment Niagara waxa ay ka muuqdan labada xeebood ee Jasiiradda, laakiin karst qaababka ah Cuesta xigtaa si gaar ah caan u ah dhinaca Green Bay sida arkay at the Blufflands Bayshore. Koofurta Sturgeon Bay soohdintu waxay u kala baxdaa qulqulo hoose oo badan iyada oo aan wejiyada dhagxaanta waaweyn ee la soo bandhigin. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20100228152419/http://www.dnr.wi.gov/master_planning/land_legacy/documents/clakemich.pdf Chapter 8: Central Lake Michigan Coastal Ecological Landscape], subsection on Bedrock Geology from ''The ecological landscapes of Wisconsin: An assessment of ecological resources and a guide to planning sustainable management.'' Madison: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 2015. PUB-SS-1131Q 2015, bogga J-5 (bogga 15 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Godad badan ayaa laga helaa qafiska. &lt;ref&gt;[https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2047/report.pdf Geology and Ground Water in Door County, Wisconsin, with Emphasis on Contamination Potential in the Silurian Dolomite] waxaa qoray M. G. Sherrill, United States Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2047. 1978, locations of caves are shown on Plate 1&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.wisconsinlife.org/story/man-goes-deep-to-explore-preserve-the-hidden-treasures-of-door-countys-caves/ Man Goes Deep To Explore, Preserve The Hidden Treasures Of Door County's Caves], waxaa qoray Joel Waldinger, Oktoobar 14, 2014, ''Wisconsin Life'' PBS&lt;/ref&gt; Marka laga soo tago cirifka woqooyi ee jasiiradda, cirifka qayb ahaan hoosta ka sameysan ayaa sameeya jasiiradaha Potawatomi, oo u fidsan Jasiiradda  ee Jasiiradda Sare ee Michigan. Kuwani waxaa ugu weyn Jasiiradda Washington. Intooda badani waxay sameystaan Magaalada Washington.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/wisconsin/doorWI1978/door.pdf Soil Survey of Door County, Wisconsin] {{Wayback|url=https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/wisconsin/doorWI1978/door.pdf |date=20210624200024 }}, USDA SCS, Diisambar 1978&lt;/ref&gt;

Kala bixintu waa goob soo jiidasho leh oo loogu talagalay qodista, guryaha, iyo munaaradaha isgaarsiinta. &lt;ref&gt;[https://dnr.wi.gov/files/PDF/pubs/er/ER0801.pdf The Niagara Escarpment: Inventory Findings 1999–2001 and Considerations for Management. Final Report], Craig Anderson, Eric Epstein, William Smith, Nicole Merryfield, May 2002, Natural Heritage Inventory Program Bureau of Endangered Resources Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, bogga 32 (bogga 40 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Goob hore oo dhagax laga qoday oo ku taal xeebta oo shan mayl xaga waqooyi-bari ee Sturgeon Bay hadda waa jardiinooyin degmo. &lt;ref name=&quot;Quarry&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200127092530/http://map.co.door.wi.us/parks/kiosks/George_PINNEY.pdf George Pinney County Park kiosk information], ''Door County Parks''&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Gfp-wisconsin-whitefish-dunes-top-of-the-dune.jpg|thumb|Ka eeg xagga kore ee Old Baldy bisha Ogosto]]

=== Dhibco sare ===
Eskers  waa waxa kaliya ee laga helo geeska fog koonfur-galbeed ee gobolka, laakiin drumlins yar iyo weynba moraines sidoo kale sii dhacaan ilaa Jasiiradda. &lt;ref&gt;[https://arcg.is/0D5bvf Wisconsin Geology] electronic map, in the Layer List, &quot;Landforms features (lines)&quot; was selected to show the glacial landforms&lt;/ref&gt;

102kii&amp;nbsp;feet sare Brussels Hill &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113060255/http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp-Plan/Completed/Town%20of%20Gardner%20Comp%20Plan%20Text%20and%20Maps.pdf Town of Gardner 20 Year Comprehensive Plan], Janaayo 2010, Chapter 5, bogga 15 (bogga 78 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; ({{Coord|44.75166|-87.59093|dim:30_region:US-WI_type:hill}}, sare u qaadis 851 feet) waa meesha ugu sarreysa ee gobolka. &lt;ref&gt;[http://media.baylakerpc.org/media/34694/t%20brussels.pdf Town of Brussels 2020 Comprehensive Plan] {{Wayback|url=http://media.baylakerpc.org/media/34694/t%20brussels.pdf |date=20200113060257 }}, Chapter 2, bogga 30 (bogga 56 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Red Hill Woods ee u dhow waa keynta ugu weyn ee hartay maple-beech aagga. &lt;ref&gt;Wisconsin Land Legacy Report, [https://web.archive.org/web/20100228152419/http://www.dnr.wi.gov/master_planning/land_legacy/documents/clakemich.pdf Central Lake Michigan Coastal ecological landscape], subsection &quot;Red Hill Woods – Brussels Grassland&quot;, bogga 134 (bogga 7 ee pdf), 2006, ''Wisconsin DNR''&lt;/ref&gt;

Old Baldy ({{Coord|44.920344|-87.20192|dim:30_region:US-WI_type:dune}} ) waa bacaad ciida ugu dheer ee gobolka  &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.travelwisconsin.com/article/things-to-do/get-a-birds-eye-view-of-wisconsins-fall-color Get A Bird's Eye View of Wisconsin's Fall Color] waxaa qoray Travel Wisconsin, Sept. 21, 2017&lt;/ref&gt; at 93 feet heer ka sarreeya gudubno. &lt;ref&gt;Note that lake level changes from year to year. [https://dnr.wi.gov/topic/parks/name/whitefish/trails.html Whitefish Dunes State Park Trail descriptions], ''Wisconsin DNR'', Maarso 20th 2016, accessed Sebtember 7th, 2019&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Cimilada ===
Degmadu waxay leedahay [[Cimilada]] qaaradda ee qoyan| cimilo qaaradeed oo qoyan (oo loo yaqaan 'Dfb' oo ku taal [Köppen ) oo leh kuleyl diirran iyo qabow [[baraf]] qabaw. Xogta laga helay Saldhigga Cilmi-baarista Beeraha ee Peninsula ee waqooyiga magaalada Sturgeon Bay waxay bixisay celcelis ahaan heerkulka bil kasta oo in uu u dhexeeyo {{Convert|68.7|F|C}} xagaaga illaa {{Convert|18.0|F|C}} xilliga jiilaalka.

Bishii Janaayo 7, 1967 Washington Island waxay heshay 17 inji oo baraf ah, taas oo dejineysa rikoorka degmada ugu weyn ee hal maalin baraf da'o. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/snow-and-ice/snowfall-extremes/ Wisconsin 1-Day Snowfall Extremes] {{Wayback|url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/snow-and-ice/snowfall-extremes/ |date=20210624203407 }}, ''NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information'', Oktoobar 22, 2018&lt;/ref&gt;

Afar duufaan ayaa ka dhacday intii u dhaxeysay 1844 iyo 1880, iyo lix ka timid 1950 ilaa 1989, laakiin ma jirin wax dhimasho ah oo midkoodna ku dhalatay. Laba waxay ka gudbeen khadka degmada ee Door-Kewaunee. &lt;ref&gt;[https://wgnhs.wisc.edu/pubs/b100/ A Tornado Climatology for Wisconsin]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} waxaa qoray Pamela Naber Knox and Douglas Norgord, ''Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey'' Bulletin 100, 2000, bogga 9 (bogga 17 ee pdf) iyo bogga 13 (bogga 21 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Laga soo bilaabo 1989 ilaa 2019, waxaa jiray 2 duufaano dheeri ah, oo ay ku jiraan F3 &quot;Door County tornado&quot; oo ku dhacday Egg Harbor 1998. &lt;ref&gt;[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.731.83&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf Development of the Door County Supercell on 23 Ogosto 1998] waxaa qoray James R. Jelinek, Department of Atmospheric and Ocean Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, May 2006&lt;/ref&gt; Intaa waxaa sii dheer waxaa jiray 10 biyo-mareenno u kala dhexeeyay sanadii 1950 iyo 2018. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.weather.gov/media/grb/climate/severewx/8TORBYCOUNTYDOOR.pdf Door County Tornado Guide], ''weather.gov''&lt;/ref&gt;

== Soojiidashada ==
[[File:Winter_Road_-_Shivering_Sands,_Door_Peninsula_(32151198956).jpg|thumb|Wadada isku xirka qoyan ee Shivering Sands, Janaayo 1]]
Sannadkii 1905, Theodore Roosevelt wuxuu ku taliyay in aagga Shivering Sands la ilaaliyo. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113062550/http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp-Plan/Completed/Town%20of%20Sevasopol%20Comprehensive%20Plan.pdf Town of Sevastopol Comprehensive Plan 2028], Nofeembar 2008, Chapter 6, bogga 7, bogga 104 ee pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Maanta aaggan waxaa ka mid ah Dunes Whitefish, Kellner's Fen, Shivering Sands complex wet, &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.doorcountylandtrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Landings_Spring-2012.pdf Landings, Journal of the Door County Land Trust]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sideedaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Spring 2012, bogagga 6–7&lt;/ref&gt; iyo xadiiqada Cave Point County . &lt;ref&gt;[https://dnr.wi.gov/files/PDF/pubs/er/ER0803.pdf A Data Compilation and Assessment of Coastal Wetlands of Wisconsin's Great Lakes], 2002 (See M-16. Shivering Sands Area on p. 37 ee dukumintiga iyo p. 43 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Hjalmar Holand, oo reer Efrayim ah, &lt;ref&gt;[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015016754817&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=16 My first eighty years] waxaa qoray Holand, Hjalmar Rued, 1957, Twayne Publishers, New York, p. 10 (p. 16 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; ayaa kor uqaaday Degmada Door si ay u noqoto meel loo dalxiis tago nuskii hore ee qarnigii 20aad. Wuxuu ka soo shaqeeyay guddi la bilaabay 1927 si loo ilaaliyo loona horumariyo goobaha taariikhiga ah, &lt;ref&gt;[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89066138504&amp;view=1up&amp;seq=254 Old peninsula days; the making of an American community], Chapter 26, &quot;The Peninsula's County Parks&quot; waxaa qoray Holand, Hjalmar Rued, 8th revised edition, 1959, p. 242 and following (p. 254 iyo raacitaanka pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; iyo dadaalkan awgiis bulshada taariikhiga ah ee degmada ayaa iibsatay dhulal hada ah beeraha, oo ay kujiraan xadiiqada Tornado , xadiiqada Robert LaSalle, xadiiqada Murphy, xadiiqada Increase Claflin, iyo meesha muqadaska ah ee Ridges . &lt;ref&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/door-countys-original-historian-hjalmar-r-holand/ Door County's Original Historian: Hjalmar R. Holand] waxaa qoray Steve Grutzmacher, ''Door County Living'', Sebtember 4, 2015&lt;/ref&gt;

Maanta, inta badan dalxiisayaasha iyo dadka xagaaga dagan waxay ka yimaadaan magaalooyinka waaweyn ee Milwaukee, [[Chicago]], Madison, Green Bay, [[Minneapolis]] iyo [[Saint Paul]], &lt;ref name=&quot;NYTimes20080911&quot;&gt;[https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/12/greathomesanddestinations/12mark.html?partner=rssnyt&amp;emc=rss The Cape Cod of the Midwest] waxaa qoray Lyttle, Bethany, Sebtember 11, 2008, ''The New York Times''&lt;/ref&gt; in kasta oo dadka degan Illinois ay yihiin kooxda ugu badan labada degmo ee Door iyo koonfurta ka xigta geeska bari ee Wisconsin. &lt;ref&gt;[Condos in the Woods: The Growth of Seasonal and Retirement Homes in Northern Wisconsin https://books.google.com/books?id=Z737bhspiloC&amp;pg=PA22], Rebecca L. Schewe, Donald R. Field, Deborah J. Frosch, Gregory Clendenning, iyo Dana Jensen, May 15, 2012, University of Wisconsin Press, p. 22&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2003, cilmi baarayaashu waxay ogaadeen in marka la barbar dhigo gobollada kale ee Wisconsin, Degmada Door ay leedahay qaddar dhexdhexaad ah oo ah biyaha gudaha, dhulka kaymaha ah, garoomada ay degmooyinku leeyihiin, iyo masaafada lugta tareenka iyo tiro badan oo garoomo golf ah, ganacsiyo madadaalo ah iyo buuraha barafka dhaadheer iyo xerooyinka. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20190302172244/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9f65/5760fa12dca9766f5b9e98331d7a3bdc209b.pdf Standardizing county-level recreation supply components: A precursor to the Wisconsin SCORP, 2005] Working Paper 03-2 Nofeembar 2003 waxaa qoray Peter Herreid, Dave Marcouiller, and Jeff Prey&lt;/ref&gt; In kasta oo ay jiraan xerooyin aad u tiro badan haddana Wisconsin DNR ayaa soo warisay 2006-kii in &quot;baahida loo qabo kaamamku ay aad uga badan tahay tan hadda la bixiyo ee jirta.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Wisconsin Land Legacy Report, [https://web.archive.org/web/20100228151140/http://www.dnr.wi.gov/master_planning/land_legacy/documents/nlakemich.pdf Northern Lake Michigan Coastal ecological landscape], subsection &quot;Recreation Uses and Opportunities&quot;, bogga 119 (bogga 2 ee pdf), 2006, ''Wisconsin DNR''&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dhul madadaalo ===
[[File:Potawatomi_Tower_View.jpg|thumb|Ka eeg bisha Ogosto taarikada indha indheynta ee hadda xiran ee ku taal Potawatomi State Park. Jasiiradda yar waa jasiiradda Cirka ee Dunida, oo hore u ahaan jirtay Bug Island. &lt;ref name=&quot;islands&quot;&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/islands-around-us/ Door County's Islands] waxaa qoray Sally Slattery, ''Door County Living'', Luulyo 1, 2014&lt;/ref&gt; Bidixda bidix waa Cabot Point, oo qayb ka ah aagga loo yaqaan Idlewild, dhanka midigna waxaa ku yaal xeebta waqooyi-galbeed ee Sturgeon Bay oo ay ka muuqato dhagaxa weyn ee loo yaqaan 'Old Stone Quarry', oo ah kan ugu weyn gobolka.&lt;ref name=Quarry/&gt; Jasiiradda Green Island waxay umuuqataa khad aad u jilicsan oo ku teedsan jihada hore.]]
[[File:Nicolet_Bay_Aerial.jpg|thumb|Nicolet Bay oo ku taal [[Peninsula State Park]], Nicolet Beach oo ku taal bartamaha. Tan iyo markii la qaatay bartamihii Sebtember, xeebta badiyaa way madhan tahay.]]
Degmada Door waxay hoy u tahay lix jardiinooyin oo gobolka ku yaal. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/broadband-high-speed-internet-government-spending/ Federal lawmakers have spent billions in the wake of the pandemic to get Americans high-speed internet. And they want to spend much more.] waxaa qoray Sarah Ewall-Wice, ''CBS News'' May 21, 2021&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/66938/ Article posted Thursday, Maarso 6, 2014 10:36am] waxaa qoray Jim Lundstrom, ''Peninsula Pulse'', Maarso 6th, 2014&lt;/ref&gt; Afar waxay ku yaalliin Peninsula: [[Newport State Park|Xadiiqada Newport State]], waqooyi-bari Ellison Bay;  Xadiiqada Peninsula State, oo ku taal bariga Kalluunka Creek; Beerta Gobolka Potawatomi, oo ay weheliso Sturgeon Bay; iyo [[Whitefish Dunes State Park]] oo ku teedsan harada Michigan. Laba waxay ku yaaliin jasiiradaha: [[Rock Island, Wisconsin|Xadiiqada Rock Island State]] iyo Xadiiqada Grand traverse Island State . Xadiiqada Grand Traverse Island State waxaa la aasaasay 1970 waxayna ilaalisaa aragga in ka badan kan {{convert | 5 | acre | ha}} dhul ku yaal Jasiiradda Detroit.&lt;ref&gt;[http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/lands/realestate/documents/05r911071d.pdf Payment of State Aid to Municipalities for the payment year of 2005], Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources&lt;/ref&gt; Maaddaama ay ka kooban tahay shan xirmooyin oo aan kala bixin&lt;ref&gt;[https://dnr.wi.gov/files/PDF/pubs/pr/PR2090.pdf Hunting &amp; Trapping Map Grand Traverse Island State Park] {{Wayback|url=https://dnr.wi.gov/files/PDF/pubs/pr/PR2090.pdf |date=20210624210345 }}, Wisconsin DNR PUB PR-2090, Rev. 9/11/2014&lt;/ref&gt; mana jirto marin doomo laga raaco xadiiqadani caadi ahaan lama xayeysiiyo. Marka lagu daro xarumaha dabiiciga ee ku dhex yaal jardiinooyinka gobolka, waxaa jira saddex kale oo ka baxsan jardiinooyinka. Waxaa jira afar Meelood oo Duurjoogta iyo Kalluumeysiga ah&lt;ref&gt;Gardner Swamp Wildlife Area, Mud Lake Wildlife Area, Reibolts Creek Public Access, and Schuyler Creek State Fishery Area&lt;/ref&gt; iyo sidoo kale Aagagga Dabiiciga ah ee Gobolka oo u oggolaanaya marin-u-helidda dadweynaha ee bilaashka ah. &lt;ref name=&quot;SNA&quot;&gt;[https://dnr.wi.gov/topic/Lands/NaturalAreas/county.html#Door State natural areas waxaa qoray county], ''Wisconsin DNR'' Janaayo 22, 2019&lt;/ref&gt;

Ka sokow degmada, &lt;ref&gt;[http://doorcounty.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapTour/index.html?appid=b745a6c3b54640a097199de19d2aaa4d Interactive map of State and County Parks]&lt;/ref&gt; magaalada, iyo jardiinooyinka bulshada, &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sturgeonbaywi.org/departments/parks___recreation/park_facilities.php Park facilities], ''City of Sturgeon Bay''&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/far-from-the-madding-crowd-liberty-grove-town-parks/ Far From the Madding Crowd: Liberty Grove Town Parks]&lt;/ref&gt; waxaa ku yaal xerada kormeerka wiilka, xero kiristaan ah, &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ccca.org/assnfe/CompanySearch.asp?MODE=DETAIL&amp;COID=856&amp;PAGENUM=5 Camp Zion] {{Wayback|url=https://www.ccca.org/assnfe/CompanySearch.asp?MODE=DETAIL&amp;COID=856&amp;PAGENUM=5 |date=20210624202545 }} listing in the CCCA campgrounds directory, accessed Diisambar 10th, 2019&lt;/ref&gt; iyo goob dadweyne oo ay maamusho Xarunta Qadiimiga ah. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.iceagetrail.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Book-Sample-Door.pdf Ice Age Trail Guidebook 2014] {{Wayback|url=https://www.iceagetrail.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Book-Sample-Door.pdf |date=20210721040925 }}, Points of interest: Cardy Paleo-Indian Camp Archaeological Site, p. 353 (p. 6 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Cardy&quot;&gt;[https://www.archaeologicalconservancy.org/?wpfb_dl=68 Life During The End Of The Ice Age: The Cardy site could inform archaeologists about how humans dealt with a challenging environment.] {{Wayback|url=https://www.archaeologicalconservancy.org/?wpfb_dl=68 |date=20220223203808 }}, ''American Archaeology Vol. 14'', No. 3, Fall 2010&lt;/ref&gt; Aaminaad dhul oo maxalli ah ayaa ka shaqeysa 14 jardiinooyin oo gaar loo leeyahay oo u furan dadweynaha, &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20180410164615/http://www.doorcountylandtrust.org/ Explore Our Preserves], ''Door County Land Trust''&lt;/ref&gt; iyo 3,277.3 hektar (1326.3 ha) oo ka mid ah dhulal gaar loo leeyahay ayaa u furan dadweynaha ugaarsiga, kalluumeysiga, socodka, aragga iyo ciyaaraha barafka ee waddamada Barnaamijka Kaymaha la maamula. &lt;ref&gt;Lands enrolled in the tax program are shown on the [https://dnrmaps.wi.gov/opfl DNR Private Forest Lands Open for Public Recreation] {{Wayback|url=https://dnrmaps.wi.gov/opfl |date=20210629033503 }} interactive map and [https://web.archive.org/web/20200222022053/https://dnr.wi.gov/topic/ForestLandowners/documents/MFLAcreSummaryMun.pdf Managed Forest Law 2019 Acreage Summary Report by Municipality] waxaa qoray Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Febraayo 25, 2019, p. 17&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Xeebaha ===
Marka lagu daro harada Lake Michigan iyo Green Bay labadaba, waxaa jira 54 xeebood oo dadweyne ah ama dayactir ubaahan &lt;ref&gt;[https://dnr.wi.gov/topic/Beaches/documents/maps/door.pdf Map of Door County Beaches on Lake Michigan] {{Wayback|url=https://dnr.wi.gov/topic/Beaches/documents/maps/door.pdf |date=20210721040907 }} and [https://www.arcgis.com/apps/mapviewer/index.html?webmap=55235cfdfe374ba8ad22fc39a03cb522 Wisconsin's Great Lake Public Access Guide], electronic map&lt;/ref&gt; iyo 39 goobood oo laga bilaabayo kayak.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20170711231351/https://www.doorcounty.com/media/8619/bike-map_2016_digital.pdf Bicycle and other silent sports map 2016], Door County Visitor Bureau&lt;/ref&gt; 35 xeeb ayaa si joogto ah loola socdaa dakana loogala taliyaa tayada biyaha. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.wibeaches.us/apex/f?p=181:1:::NO:RP:: Wisconsin Beach Advisories] {{Wayback|url=https://www.wibeaches.us/apex/f?p=181:1:::NO:RP:: |date=20210118014302 }} on the Wisconsin Beach Health website; counties are located in the dropdown menu&lt;/ref&gt;

In kasta oo Degmada Door ay ku yar tahay maalmaha qoraxdu badan tahay gobollada badankood ee Wisconsin iyo Illinois, haddana sidoo kale waxay leedahay roobab yar iyo heerkulka xagaaga oo hooseeya, &lt;ref&gt;Ka eeg khariidada xagga hoose ee [https://www.bestplaces.net/climate/county/wisconsin/door Door County, Wisconsin, - Sperling's BestPlaces], Diisambar 12, 2019 ''Bestplaces.net''&lt;/ref&gt; taas oo ka dhigaysa jawiga Qoori|ugu habboon ee xeebta tagaya.

=== Harooyinka iyo balliyada ===
Marka laga reebo harada Michigan iyo Green Bay, waxaa jira 25 harooyin, balliyo, ama marsooyin iyo 37 webi, durdurro, iyo ilo ka tirsan gobolka. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113070608/http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp-Plan/Final_20091106/Chapter%204%20-%20Agricultural%20%26%20Natural%20Resources%20_adopted%2010-27-09_.pdf Door County Comprehensive Plan 2030: Chapter 4, Agricultural and Natural Resources], p. 20 ee pdf, Tables 4.15 and 4.16&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dhul qoyan ===
4,631 [[Hektar|ha]] (11,400 hektar) oo ka mid ah dhulka qoyan ee Door Peninsula Coast  ayaa ku hoos qoran Heshiiska Ramsar oo ah dhul qoyan oo muhiimad caalami ah leh. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ramsar.org/news/united-states-designates-its-37th-ramsar-site United States designates its 37th Ramsar Site], Abriil 27, 2015, khariidada dhulka qoyan eeg Figure 2-28. Door Peninsula Coastal Wetlands Ramsar Site khariidada waxaa qoray Door County Planning Department, May 2014 in the [https://www.co.door.wi.gov/AgendaCenter/ViewFile/Agenda/_07092020-668 Luulyo 9, 2020 Land Conservation Committee Agenda], bogga 83&lt;/ref&gt; Liiska waxaa ku jira saddex aag oo horay loogu aqoonsan jiray &quot;Wetland Gems.&quot;

=== Xilliga ===
In kasta oo jasiirada Door County ay ku nool yihiin qiyaastii sanadkii dad gaadha 27,610, waxay la kulantaa qulqul dalxiisayaala oo ka yimaada dhinac  kasta inta u dhexeysa Maalinta Xusuusta iyo Maalinta Shaqaalaha, iyada oo ay jiraan in ka badan 2.1 milyan oo soo booqdayaal ah sanadkiiba. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113062550/http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp-Plan/Completed/Town%20of%20Sevasopol%20Comprehensive%20Plan.pdf Town of Sevastopol Comprehensive Plan 2028], Nofeembar 2008, Chapter 4, p. 11, (bogga 64 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Ganacsiyada badankoodu waxaa lagu bartilmaameedsadaa dalxiiska waxayna ku shaqeeyaan wakhti-xilliyeed. Iyada oo ku saleysan ururinta canshuuraha qolka laga soo bilaabo sanadkii 2017-kii ilaa 2018-kii, Luulyo waa bisha ugu mashquulka badan sanadka oo dhan, in kasta oo dakhliga canshuuraha iibku uu ka sarreeyo bisha Agoosto. Canshuuraha ugu yar ayaa la uruuriyaa bisha Janaayo, iyo canshuurta iibka ee ugu yar waxaa la ururiyaa iyana bisha Abriil. &lt;ref name=&quot;bureau2019&quot;&gt;[http://doorcountytourismzone.com/uploads/ckfiles/files/12-2019%20-%20DDC%20December%202019%20Monthly%20Report.pdf Monthly Report, Diisambar 2019] {{Wayback|url=http://doorcountytourismzone.com/uploads/ckfiles/files/12-2019%20-%20DDC%20December%202019%20Monthly%20Report.pdf |date=20200923183640 }}, Door County Visitor Bureau, bogagga 1 and 5&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dalxiiska ==
In kasta oo jasiirada Door County ay ku nool yihiin qiyaastii dad gaadhaya 27,610, waxay la kulantaa qulqul dalxiisayaal ah oo ka yimaada dhinac kasta inta u dhexeysa Maalinta Xusuusta iyo Maalinta Shaqaalaha, iyada oo in ka badan 2.1 milyan ay soo booqdaan sanadkiiba. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200113062550/http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp-Plan/Completed/Town%20of%20Sevasopol%20Comprehensive%20Plan.pdf Town of Sevastopol Comprehensive Plan 2028], Nofeembar 2008, Chapter 4, p. 11, (bogga 64 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Ganacsiyada badankooda waxaa lagu bartilmaameedsadaa dalxiiska waxayna ku shaqeeyaan wakhti-xilliyeed. Iyada oo ku saleysan ururinta canshuuraha qolka laga soo bilaabo sanadkii  2017-kii ilaa 2018-kii, Luulyo waa bisha ugu mashquulka badan sanadka, in kasta oo dakhliga canshuuraha iibku uu ka sarreeyo bisha Agoosto. Canshuuraha ugu yar ayaa la uruuriyaa bisha Janaayo, iyo canshuurta iibka ee ugu yar waxaa la ururiyaa iyana bisha Abriil. &lt;ref name=&quot;bureau20192&quot;&gt;[http://doorcountytourismzone.com/uploads/ckfiles/files/12-2019%20-%20DDC%20December%202019%20Monthly%20Report.pdf Monthly Report, Diisambar 2019] {{Wayback|url=http://doorcountytourismzone.com/uploads/ckfiles/files/12-2019%20-%20DDC%20December%202019%20Monthly%20Report.pdf |date=20200923183640 }}, Door County Visitor Bureau, bogagga 1 and 5&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhaqaalaha Degmada Door wuxuu la mid yahay kan gobolada Bayfield, Iron, Oneida, Sawyer, iyo Vilas. Lixdaan degmo oo ku yaala waqooyiga Wisconsin ayaa waxaa loo kala saaray inay leeyihiin &quot;dalxiis la xiriira keymaha&quot; oo ku saleysan dhaqaalo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.46.6962&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf Clustering Wisconsin Counties for Analytical Comparisons] waxaa qoray Martin Shields and Steven C. Deller, CCED Staff Paper # 96.7, Oktoobar 1996, bogagga 11 and 16 (bogagga 13 and 19 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt;

Falanqeyn la isbarbar dhigayo xogta 1999 ee xulashada gobolada Wisconsin ayaa lagu ogaaday in Degmada Door ay si gaar ah ugu xoogan tahay tafaariiqda dhismaha iyo qalabka, raashinka, dharka iyo qalabka, tafaariiqda ee kala duwan, iyo sidoo kale maqaayadaha. Adeegyada, waxay ugu xoog badnaayeen madadaalo, filim, iyo madadaalo iyo hoy. Degmada Door waxay ka heshay dheeri maaliyadeed dhammaan qaybaha oo dhan dhammaan gobollada kale, marka laga reebo alaabta guriga &amp; qalabka guryaha lagu iibiyo, taas oo Door County ay ku sii daatay iibinta gobollada kale. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200117233651/https://tind-customer-agecon.s3.amazonaws.com/e53d44a6-0aab-43f7-94f8-42915c7d9d1c?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27stpap428.pdf&amp;response-content-type=application%2Fpdf&amp;AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAXL7W7Q3XHXDVDQYS&amp;Expires=1579307811&amp;Signature=pKiLzQjlbdIURp9C0VHE4xL4zGc%3D Trade Area Analysis of Select Wisconsin Counties] waxaa qoray Steven C. Deller, Ogosto 2001, Staff Paper No. 428, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Staff Paper Series. Archived Janaayo 17, 2020&lt;/ref&gt;

Sanadkii 2015-kii, ururada farshaxanka iyo doorka ee Door County waxay qarashgareeyeen $9.7 milyan, taas oo 70.9% kamid ah lagu kharash gareeyay gudaha, marka lagu daro $15.0 milyan oo ay bixiyeen ka soo qaybgalayaashu kuwasoo ahaa dad lagu qiyaasay 1,582 mutadawiciin ah, waxayna ugu talogaleen fanka iyo ururada dhaqanka celcelis ahaan 35.7 saacadood midkiiba. Sanadkii 2015, 194,424 qof ayaa kaqeybgalay fanka iyo munaasabadaha dhaqanka ee gobolka, 78.0% kamid ah dadka aan deegaanka aheyn. Sannadkii 2016-kii, celceliska kaqeybgaleyaasha dhacdooyinka farshaxanka ee gobolka wuxuu kharash gareeyay $28.96, halka celcelis ahaan qofka aan dalka degganeyn uu ku qaatay $90.53. Sanadkii 2016ka, 50.6% dadka aan deegaanka aheyn ayaa sheegay in munaasabada fanka ay aheyd sababta koowaad ee ay ugu safreen gobolka. 66.0% ee kaqeybgaleyaasha deganayaasha degmada 2016 waxay ahaayeen 65 ama ka weyn, halka 48.6% ee kaqeybgaleyaasha aan deganeyn ay ahaayeen 65 ama ka weyn. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.americansforthearts.org/sites/default/files/aep5/PDF_Files/NationalFindings_StatisticalReport.pdf Arts and Economic Prosperity 5, National Statistical Report] waxaa qoray Americans for the Arts, bogagga B–25, B–73, B–189, B–205, B–333, B–365, B–381, B–413, B–445 (bogagga 57, 105, 221, 237, 365, 397, 413, 445, and 477 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Xilliga shaqada iyo guryaha ===
Heerarka shaqo la'aanta ee jasiirada Door County inta lagu jiro xilliga kuleylaha iyo deyrta ayaa aad uga hooseeya xilliga qaboobaha. &lt;ref&gt;[https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/WIDOOR9URN Monthly Unemployment Rate for Door County, WI, 1991-2019], garaaf ka FRED Economic Research, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, accessed Diisambar 12, 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://baylakerpc.org/application/files/1015/2840/3401/Town_of_Nasewaupee_Comprehensive_Plan.pdf Year 2025 Comprehensive Plan Town of Nasewaupee Door County, Wisconsin] {{Wayback|url=https://baylakerpc.org/application/files/1015/2840/3401/Town_of_Nasewaupee_Comprehensive_Plan.pdf |date=20210624203746 }}, Sebtember 2003, bogga 117 ee pdf, Figure 6-1&lt;/ref&gt; Dakhliga sanadlaha ah ee Degmada Door caadi ahaan wuu kayaryahay shaqooyinka lamidka ah meelaha kale ee Wisconsin. Tan waxaa loo aaneeyay dabeecadda xilliyeed ee inta badan shaqada. Tusaale ahaan, sanadkii 2009-kii, waxaa la ogaaday in dadku ay 4.85 jeer ay u badan tahay in laga shaqaaleeyo hoteellada iyo mootooyinka ku yaal jasiirada Door County oo ka soo horjeedda qaranka intiisa kale. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20180201083553/https://dnr.wi.gov/topic/Sectors/documents/DellerEconomicImpacts0324.pdf The Economic Impacts of Agriculture in Wisconsin Counties] waxaa qoray Steven C. Deller and David Williams.&lt;/ref&gt;

22.0% oo ka mid ah 13,728 shaqaale ah ayaa sanadkii 2018 ka shaqeeyay waaxda firaaqada iyo soo-dhawaynta ee gobolka, in ka badan qaybaha kale. Si kastaba ha noqotee, sababtoo ah shaqooyinka firaaqada iyo martigelinta uma muuqdaan kuwo si fiican loo helo, waxay kasbadeen kaliya 12.9% dhammaan mushaharka laga helo degmada. Taa bedelkeeda, shaqaalaha waxsoosaarka waxay heleen 24.5% mushaharka labixiyay sanadkii 2018, inkasta oo ay kaliya ka dhigteen 17.0% shaqaalaha. Tani waa inkasta oo celceliska mushaarka sanadlaha ah ee xilliga firaaqada iyo soodhaweynta ay yihiin 109.3% celceliska mushaarka gobolka ee xilliga firaaqada iyo martigalinta sanadkii 2018. Taa bedelkeeda, shaqaalaha ka shaqeeya wax soo saarka waxay heleen 86.7% celceliska mushaharka gobolka ee wax soo saarka. Mushaharka degmada Door ayaa celcelis ahaan  gobolka u soo saaray qayb kasta marka laga reebo xilliga firaaqada iyo martigelinta &lt;ref&gt;[https://jobcenterofwisconsin.com/wisconomy/wits_info/downloads/CP/door_profile.pdf 2019 Workforce profile: Door County] waxaa qoray Ryan Long, Bay Area Regional Economist for the State of Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development, 2019, bogga 7, section &quot;Industry Employment and Wages, 2018 Employment and Wage Distribution by Industry, Door County&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Saamaynta dakhliga hoose waxaa iskudarsaday celcelis ahaan qiimaha guryaha; meelaha kale ee Wisconsin ee mushaharkoodu hooseeyo waxay u muuqdaan inay leeyihiin guryo hooseeya. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20190410034729/http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp-Plan/Completed/Village%20of%20Sister%20Bay%20Comprehensive%20Plan.pdf Village of Sister Bay 2020 Comprehensive Plan] Chapter 1, bogga 16 (bogga 31 ee pdf), 2003&lt;/ref&gt; Awood la'aanta guryaha ayaa lala xiriiriyay dhibaatada yaraanta shaqaalaha, maadaama shaqaalaha cusub laga yaabo inaysan awoodin inay iibsadaan guryaha ayna go'aansadaan inay baxaan. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20190410034230/http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp-Plan/Completed/Town%20of%20Liberty%20Grove%20Comprehensive%20Plan.pdf Town of Liberty Grove Comprehensive Plan 2003] Chapter 1, bogga 12 (bogga 32 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Daraasad 2019-kii ah ayaa lagu ogaaday in degmada ay tahay gobolka sideedaad ee ugu qaalisan nolosha ee dhammaan gobollada Wisconsin. &lt;ref&gt;Tani waxaa loogu talagalay qoys laba waalid leh oo leh hal cunug oo iskuulka ku jira iyo hal dugsi-barbaarin, heerka isku-filnaanshaha sannadlaha ah wuxuu ahaa $63,001. [http://www.selfsufficiencystandard.org/sites/default/files/selfsuff/docs/WI2019_SSS.pdf The Self-Sufficiency Standard for Wisconsin 2019] {{Wayback|url=http://www.selfsufficiencystandard.org/sites/default/files/selfsuff/docs/WI2019_SSS.pdf |date=20210624204921 }} waxaa qoray Diana M. Pearce and the Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development, May 2019, Center for Women's Welfare, University of Washington School of Social Work, bogga 11 (bogga 13 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shaqaalaha ajaanibta ah iyo tirada dadka ==
Maaddaama diiwaangelinta dugsiga sare ee gobolka ay yaraatay, shaqo-bixiyeyaasha waxay u jeesteen fiisooyinka J-1 si ay u buuxiyaan boosaska xilliyeed halkii. &lt;ref&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/j-1-visa-program-growing-in-door-county/ J-1 Visa Program Growing in Door County] waxaa qoray Jackson Parr, ''Peninsula Pulse'' May 4, 2018, [https://www.greenbaypressgazette.com/story/news/local/door-co/2019/08/15/door-county-seasonal-j-1-visa-workers-housing-focus-new-plan/2009275001/ Door County's seasonal, J-1 Visa workers need housing. This Illinois couple hopes to help] waxaa qoray Sammy Gibbons, ''Green Bay Press-Gazette'', Ogosto 15, 2019, and [https://doorcountypulse.com/worker-shortage-endures-for-manufacturing-sector-n-e-w-industries-shares-story-about-changes-that-make-it-difficult-to-remain-fully-staffed/ Overseas Restrictions Limit J-1 Visa Arrivals: Door County Businesses Prepare For Workforce Shortage] waxaa qoray Jackson Parr, ''Peninsula Pulse'', May 14, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:MigrantWorkerHousingDoorCountyWisconsin.jpg|thumb|Guriyeynta shaqaalaha muhaajiriinta (Maarso, 2011-kii) Sababtoo ah qiimaha sare ee nolosha marka la barbardhigo dakhliga xadidan ee shaqooyin badan oo dalxiis-warshadeed ay bixiyaan, shaqaale ku meelgaar ah ayaa badanaa la shaqaaleeyaa, kuwa gudaha iyo dibaddaba. Shaqaaluhu waxay ka yimaadaan meelo fog fog sida Ukraine, &lt;ref name=&quot;Reardon&quot;&gt;[https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.com/&amp;httpsredir=1&amp;article=2511&amp;context=all_dissertations Administrative Relationships, Agency Theory, and the Summer Work Travel Program: 2012–2013] waxaa qoray Mark Reardon, Ph.D. thesis, Clemson University, bogga 134 (143 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Scandinavia, Uzbekistan, Turkey, ama South Africa.]]
Sababtoo ah shaqaalaha ajaanibta ah ee lagu keenay Barnaamijka Safarka Shaqada Xagaaga mararka qaarkood waxaa la dejiyaa meel ka duwan halka ay ka shaqeeyaan, qaar baa ku dhammaaday baaskiil 10-15 mayl maalintii tan iyo markii ay ka maqnaayeen gawaarida isla markaana gobolku uu xaddidan yahay gaadiidka dadweynaha. &lt;ref name=&quot;Reardon2&quot;&gt;[https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.com/&amp;httpsredir=1&amp;article=2511&amp;context=all_dissertations Administrative Relationships, Agency Theory, and the Summer Work Travel Program: 2012–2013] waxaa qoray Mark Reardon, Ph.D. thesis, Clemson University, bogga 134 (143 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt; Intaa waxaa sii dheer, soogalootiga sharci-darrada ah ama kuwa aan sharciga lahayn ee ka shaqeeya warshadaha dalxiiska ayaa inta badan haysan rukhsad darawalnimo. &lt;ref&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/building-bridges-between-cultures/ Building Bridges Between Cultures] waxaa qoray Gary Jones, ''Peninsula Pulse'', Febraayo 4, 2011&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2012-kii, Garyaqaanka Degmada Door Ray Pelrine wuxuu yiri &quot;shaqaalaha soogalootiga sharci darrada ah hadda waxaa lagu dhisay qaab dhismeedka ganacsiyo badan oo halkan ku yaal.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/the-immigration-debate-and-why-it-matters-to-door-county-more-than-you-think/ The Immigration Debate – and Why it Matters to Door County More than You Think], waxaa qoray Myles Dannhausen Jr. ''Peninsula Pulse'', Luulyo 5, 2012&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Hoos u dhaca dhalinyarada iyo guud ahaan dadka ===
Marka loo eego qiyaasta ACS, tirada dadka ka yar 18 sano ee degmada ayaa hoos uga dhacday 5,119 sanadkii 2010-kii ilaa 4,479 sanadka 2017-kii. &lt;ref&gt;[https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Door%20County&amp;g=0500000US55029&amp;hidePreview=false&amp;table=DP05&amp;tid=ACSDP5Y2017.DP05&amp;vintage=2017&amp;cid=DP05_0001E&amp;layer=county&amp;lastDisplayedRow=42 ACS 5-year estimate], Accessed Diisambar 12, 2019&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2013, cilmi-baare ayaa saadaaliyay in marka la gaaro 2040, dadka ku nool degmada ay hoos u dhici doonaan 4.2%, boqolkiiba 10-ka ugu weyn ee hoos u dhaca dhammaan gobollada Wisconsin &lt;ref&gt;[https://doa.wi.gov/DIR/FinalProjs2040_Publication.pdf Wisconsin's Future Population Projections for the State, Its Counties and Municipalities, 2010–2040], waxaa qoray David Egan-Robertson, UW-Madison Applied Population Laboratory, Prepared for the Wisconsin Department of Administration Demographic Services Center, Diisambar 2013, bogga 20 (bogga 24 ee pdf)&lt;/ref&gt;

Laga soo bilaabo 2013 ilaa 2017, 36.8% ee 9,358 qoys ee degmada ku nool waxay kujireen caruurnimo, iyadoo lagu saleynayo qiyaasta 5 sano ee ACS, marka loo barbardhigo 44.2% ee Wisconsin sanadkii 2017, iyadoo lagu saleynayo qiyaasta hal sano ee ACS. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.livestories.com/statistics/wisconsin/door-county-families-structure-composition Door County Families: Structure and Composition], Livestories Statistics, compared to [https://www.livestories.com/statistics/wisconsin/families-structure-composition Wisconsin Families: Structure and Composition], Livestories Statistics, accessed Sebtember 6, 2019&lt;/ref&gt;

Marka laga reebo barnaamijka dugsiga barbaarinta ee Sevastopol, dhammaan degmooyinka gobolku waxay arkeen hoos u dhigista diiwaangelinta laga soo bilaabo 2000 ilaa iyo 2019 ee heerarka dugsiga hoose, dhexe, iyo sare. &lt;ref name=&quot;enrollment&quot;&gt;2000-2019 enrollment figures come from the Wisconsin DPI [https://dpi.wi.gov/school-nutrition/program-statistics/archive#epr Program Statistics Archives, Wisconsin School Free/Reduced Eligibility Data] and the Wisconsin DPI [https://dpi.wi.gov/school-nutrition/program-statistics School Nutrition Program Statistics] reports for school level enrollment and participation data, except for Washington Island, which was missing for 2019. Instead, 2018 [https://wisedash.dpi.wi.gov/Dashboard/Page/Home/Topic%20Area/Enrollment/Enrollment%20(Single%20Year)?filtersetid=d3297b44-3080-46bc-aaef-12d4905a0f81 WISEdash elementary] and [https://wisedash.dpi.wi.gov/Dashboard/Page/Home/Topic%20Area/Enrollment/Enrollment%20(Single%20Year)?filtersetid=0e64588c-5e7f-40b9-aad5-7e81da9fe662 high school] statistics for Washington Island are used.&lt;/ref&gt; Hoos u dhaca diiwaangelinta dugsiga sare &lt;ref name=&quot;enrollment2&quot;&gt;2000-2019 enrollment figures come from the Wisconsin DPI [https://dpi.wi.gov/school-nutrition/program-statistics/archive#epr Program Statistics Archives, Wisconsin School Free/Reduced Eligibility Data] and the Wisconsin DPI [https://dpi.wi.gov/school-nutrition/program-statistics School Nutrition Program Statistics] reports for school level enrollment and participation data, except for Washington Island, which was missing for 2019. Instead, 2018 [https://wisedash.dpi.wi.gov/Dashboard/Page/Home/Topic%20Area/Enrollment/Enrollment%20(Single%20Year)?filtersetid=d3297b44-3080-46bc-aaef-12d4905a0f81 WISEdash elementary] and [https://wisedash.dpi.wi.gov/Dashboard/Page/Home/Topic%20Area/Enrollment/Enrollment%20(Single%20Year)?filtersetid=0e64588c-5e7f-40b9-aad5-7e81da9fe662 high school] statistics for Washington Island are used.&lt;/ref&gt; ayaa loo aaneynayaa yaraanta shaqaalaha xilliyada, waxaana loo aaneynayaa inay soo dedejisay ballaarinta barnaamijka fiisaha J-1. &lt;ref&gt;[https://doorcountypulse.com/j-1-visa-program-growing-in-door-county/ J-1 Visa Program Growing in Door County] waxaa qoray Jackson Parr, ''Peninsula Pulse'' May 4, 2018&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Tirakoobka diinta ===
Tiro koobkii 2010-kii, koox diimeedkii ugu weynaa ee Door County waxay ahaayeen Katooligga, oo leh 9,325 oo qof kuwaaso raacsan oo ku cibaadeysta lix kaniisadood, waxaa ku xiga 2,982 qof oo ah ELCA Lutherans oo leh toddobo urur, 2,646 oo qof oo ah WELS Lutherans oo leh toddobo urur, 872 qof oo ah Moravians oo leh saddex jameeco, 834 qof oo ah United Methodists oo leh afar jameeco, 533 qof oo ah Masiixiyiin aan diin lahayn oo leh lix urur, 503 qof oo ah LCMS Lutherans oo leh laba urur, 283 qof oo ah LCMC Lutherans oo leh hal urur, 270 qof oo ah Converge Baptists oo leh seddex urur, 213 qof oo ah Episcopalians oo leh hal urur, 207 qof oo ah UCC Masiixiyiin ah oo leh hal urur, iyo 593 qof oo ah kuwa raacsan. Guud ahaan, 69.3% dadka waxaa loo tiriyey inay yihiin kuwo raacsan urur diimeed. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/rcms2010A.asp?U=55029&amp;T=county&amp;Y=2010&amp;S=adh County Membership Report: Door County (Wisconsin)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/rcms2010A.asp?U=55029&amp;T=county&amp;Y=2010&amp;S=adh |date=20200114062248 }}, The Association of Religion Data Archives&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2014, Degmada Door waxay lahayd ururrada diimeed ee ugu tirada badan ee 719-aad qof kasta oo deggan oo ka mid ah dhammaan 3,141 degmooyin ee Mareykanka, iyadoo 34 urur diimeed ay ka jiraan gobolka. &lt;ref name=&quot;PennState&quot;&gt;[https://aese.psu.edu/nercrd/community/social-capital-resources/social-capital-variables-for-2014/social-capital-variables-spreadsheet-for-2014 Social Capital Variables Spreadsheet for 2014] {{Wayback|url=https://aese.psu.edu/nercrd/community/social-capital-resources/social-capital-variables-for-2014/social-capital-variables-spreadsheet-for-2014 |date=20191231001016 }}, PennState College of Agricultural Sciences, Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sidoo Kale arag ==
* [[Hennepin County, Minnesota]]

{{Magaalooyinka Maraykanka}}
{{Gobolada Maraykanka}}

[[Category:Ameerikada waqooyi]]
[[Category:Maraykanka]]
[[Category:Dad]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jiah Khan</title>
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      <text bytes="17681" sha1="75xwk046pc94vqlhjax58hguknyqxie" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
|name=Jiah Khan
|image=Jiah Khan at Dheeraj Deshmukh &amp; Honey Bhagnani's wedding reception.jpg
|image_size=180px
|caption=
|birth_name=Nafisa Rizvi Khan
|birth_date={{Birth date|df=yes|1988|02|20}}
|birth_place=[[New York City]], [[New York]], Maraykanka
|death_date={{Death date and age|df=yes|2013|06|3|1988|02|20}}
|death_place=[[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], Hindiya
|death_cause=[[Ismiidaamin]]
|occupation=Atariisho
|nationality=Boqortooyada Ingiriiska-Maraykanka
|years_active=2007–2010|partner={{marriage|Sooraj Pancholi|2012|2013|end=dhimashada}}
}}
'''Nafisa Rizvi Khan''' (20 Febraayo 1988 - 3 June 2013), oo ku magac dheer '''Jiah Khan''', waxay ahayd atirisho Boqortooyada Ingiriiska-Maraykanka ah oo heesta kana shaqeeysa filimada Hindiga. Waxay kasoo muuqatay seddex filim Hindi ah sanadihii 2007 ilaa 2010.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/009200811261660.htm Jiah Khan all praise for Aamir] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/009200811261660.htm |date=20131106140401 }}. ''The Hindu''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/jiah-kahn-new-name-nafisa-khan/1/224642.html &quot;Jiah Khan now Nafisa Khan&quot;]. ''India Today''.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolosha hore ==
Jiah Khan waxay ku dhalatay magaalada New York ee dalka Mareykanka waxaana dhalay Ali Rizvi Khan oo ah ganacsade Hindi Mareykan ah iyo Rabiya Amiin oo aheyd atariisho aflaanta Hindiga sameysay sanadihii 1980-meeyadii kana soo jeeda Agra, Uttar Pradesh.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC&quot;&gt;[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-22763342 &quot;Bollywood actress Jiah Khan found dead in Mumbai&quot;]. ''BBC News''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110510111950/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/features/2007/02/17/2268/index.html &quot; &quot;I'm not related by blood to Tahir Hussain's family. I'm not his daughter. I don't even know how Aamir Khan looks like&quot; – Jiah Khan&quot;]. ''Bollywood Hungama''.&lt;/ref&gt; Khan aabihiis ayaa reerka ka tagay iyadoo 2 jir ah. Iyada oo sharraxaysa maqnaanshaha aabbeheed waxay tidhi &quot;Nin gabadhiisa ka tegey markay ahayd laba jir, waa in lagu daldalaa meel fagaare ah&quot;.  Waxay leedahay laba gabdhood oo walaalo ah oo ka yar Kavita iyo Karishma.&lt;ref name=&quot;hindustantimes1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130606010907/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/Failing-career-troubled-love-life-killed-25-year-old-Jiah-Khan/Article1-1071076.aspx &quot;Failing career, troubled love life killed 25-year-old Jiah Khan?&quot;]. ''Hindustan Times''. &lt;/ref&gt;  Abtiyaasheed aabeyaal waa atirishooyinka reer Pakistan Sangeeta (Parveen Rizvi) iyo Kaveeta (Nasreen Rizvi).&lt;ref&gt;[http://tribune.com.pk/story/558721/bollywood-starlet-jiah-khan-found-dead/ &quot;Bollywood starlet Jiah Khan found dead&quot;]. ''The'' ''Express Tribune''.&lt;/ref&gt;

Khan waxay ku soo kortay magaalada [[London]] halkaas oo ay ku dhameysatay ka hor inta aysan u guurin Mumbai si ay xirfad ugu sii wadato [[Bollywood]].&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC&quot; /&gt; Waxaa lagu dhiiri galiyay inay soo gasho Bollywoodka kadib markay daawatay filimka Urmila Matondkar ee ''Rangeela'' iyadoo lix sano jir ah.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130608092348/http://in.movies.yahoo.com/photos/10-unknown-facts-about-jiah-khan-1370340124-slideshow/10-unknown-facts-about-jiah-khan-photo-245211067.html &quot;10 unknown facts about Jiah Khan – 10 unknown facts about Jiah Khan – Yahoo! Movies India&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://entertainment.oneindia.in/bollywood/interviews/jiah-khan-211106.html Bollywood | Jiah Khan | Interview | Nishabd] {{Wayback|url=http://entertainment.oneindia.in/bollywood/interviews/jiah-khan-211106.html |date=20181225090442 }} Oneindia 21 November 2006&lt;/ref&gt;

Khan wuxuu wax ku bartay tiyaatarka Lee Strasberg iyo Machadka Filimada ee Manhattan, wayna ka tagtay markii ay heshay dalab filim.&lt;ref&gt;Krishnaveni, S (7 Maarso 2007). [http://gulfnews.com/sound-the-siren-1.165714 &quot;Sound the siren&quot;]. ''Gulf News''. &lt;/ref&gt; 

== Shaqo ==
[[File:Jiah_Khan_at_Nokia_APP_party_02.jpg|left|thumb|248x248px|Khan markii la soo saaray [[Nokia|Nokia APP]] sanadkii 2010.]]
Sanadkii 2004, isagoo 16 jir ah, Khan waxaa loo saxiixay inuu jilo Filimka Mukesh Bhatt ee ''Tumsa Nahin Dekha'' laakiin wuu ka laabtay markii ay iyada iyo agaasimaha labaduba dareemeen doorka inay aad ugu bislaatay iyada; markiiba waxaa lagu badalay Dia Mirza. Saddex sano ka dib, 2007, markay ahayd da'da 18,&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.firstpost.com/bollywood/from-nishabd-to-housefull-who-was-nafisa-jiah-khan-839055.html]. First Post.&lt;/ref&gt;  Khan wuxuu markiisii ​​ugu horreysay ka soo muuqday filimka muranka badan dhaliyay ee Ram Gopal Verma ee ''[[Nishabd]]'',&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=iWlDAAAAYAAJ&amp;q=Jiah+Khan India Today, Volume 31, Issues 13–25].&lt;/ref&gt;  halkaas oo ay ku jileysay ka soo horjeedka [[Amitabh Bachchan]]. In kasta oo ay ka kooban tahay filimka daandaansiga ah, hadana wuxuu si liidata ugu soo bandhigay xafiiska sanduuqa, wuxuuna ku kasbaday dib u eegis isku dhafan dhaleeceeyayaasha.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.rediff.com/movies/2007/mar/05box.htm Nishabd is a total loss]. ''Rediff''.&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha noqotee, Khan wuxuu helay soo dhaweyn badan oo wanaagsan oo ku saabsan waxqabadkeeda, iyada oo dadka dhaleeceeya ay xusayaan kalsoonideeda, dabeecadeeda, iyo rafcaanka galmada.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.rediff.com/movies/2007/mar/02nishabd.htm Nishabd is a powerful film]. ''Rediff''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Adarsh, Taran. [http://entertainment.oneindia.in/bollywood/reviews/2007/nishabdreview020307.html &quot;Nishabd – Review&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://entertainment.oneindia.in/bollywood/reviews/2007/nishabdreview020307.html |date=20131004215651 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Masand, Rajeev. [http://www.rajeevmasand.com/uncategorized/masands-verdict-nishabd/ &quot;Masand's Verdict: Nishabd&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.rajeevmasand.com/uncategorized/masands-verdict-nishabd/ |date=20131004212614 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxaa sidoo kale loo sharaxay abaal marinta Filmfare doorkeeda taas oo ay ku weysay [[Deepika Padukone]] dhanka ''Om Shanti Om''.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.indianexpress.com/news/actress-jiah-khan-commits-suicide/1124791/ &quot;Nishabd actress Jiah Khan commits suicide&quot;]. ''The Indian Express''.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Jiah_Khan_at_DJ_magazine_launch_06.jpg|thumb|Khan xaflad loogu talagalay majaladda DJ]]
Sannadkii ku xigay, waxay ka soo muuqatay Aamir Khan iyo Asin filimku ''Ghajini''. Waxay la jileysay Sunita, oo ah ardayad caafimaadka barata oo baaraysa taariikhda Sanjay Singhania, oo uu ku matalay Aamir Khan. Filimku wuxuu soo aruuriyay qaddarin badan oo ka timid dadka naqdiya, wuxuuna sii waday inuu noqdo filimkii ugu badnaa ee soo xareeya Bollywood-ka sanadkii 2008.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132123/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=215&amp;catName=MjAwOA%3D%3D &quot;Box Office 2008&quot;]. ''Box Office India''.&lt;/ref&gt;  Bandhigga Khan wuxuu soo jiitay faallooyin kala duwan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Verma|first=Sukanya|title=Ghajini: A sleek album of dark memories|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/dec/25ghajini-review-two.htm|publisher=Rediff|access-date=4 June 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Verma, Sukanya. [http://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/dec/25ghajini-review-two.htm &quot;Ghajini: A sleek album of dark memories&quot;]. ''Rediff''.&lt;/ref&gt;

Sanadkii 2010, Khan wuxuu ku dhawaaday inuu soo afjaro duubista filimka ''Chance Pe Dance'' oo uu la waday Shahid Kapoor markii Agaasime Ken Ghosh uu ka codsaday inay ka baxdo filimka waxaana lagu badalay Genelia D'Souza. Agaasime-ka ayaa sheegay in ay saaxiibtinimo xad dhaaf ah la yeelatay Kapoor isla markaana aysan si wanaagsan u gudanayn shaqadeeda, Si kastaba ha noqotee, markii la sii daayay filimka, Khan ayaa sheegtay in la weydiistay inay ka tagto maxaa yeelay agaasimaha ayaa isha xun ku hayay, Kapoor oo sii hadlaya ayaa sheegay inuusan gacan ku laheyn bedelka Khan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20091106020341/http://www.starboxoffice.com/newsdetails.aspx?xfile=2009%2FSeptember%2FNews_20090909_47 &quot;First Look: Chance Pe Dance&quot;]. ''Star Box Office''.&lt;/ref&gt;  Sikastaba, Filimkan ayaa ahaa mid Boxoffice-ka fashilmay waxaana Khan uu sheegay inay ku faraxsantahay ka tagista filimka. Isla sanadkaas, Khan waxay sameysay filimkeedii ugu dambeeyay ee door taageero ah ''Housefull.'' Markii la siidaayay, ''Housefull'' waxay heshay dib u eegis taban, in kasta oo waxqabadkeedu si fiican loo helay.  Ganacsi ahaan filimku sifiican ayuu u shaqeeyay wuxuuna noqday filimka Bollywood-ka ee lacagaha ugu badan soo xareeyay sanadka.&lt;ref&gt;[http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/Jiah+sulks+over+Yahoo/1/37029.html &quot;Jiah sulks over Yahoo&quot;]. ''India Today''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sood, Megha (5 Juun 2013). [http://www.indianexpress.com/news/actor-jiah-khan-25-kills-herself/1125220/ &quot;Actor Jiah Khan, 25, kills herself&quot;]. ''The Indian Express''.&lt;/ref&gt; Khan wuxuu saxiixay dhowr filim oo ay ka mid tahay Aap Ka Saaya, kaas oo ay aheyd inuu ku jilo xaaska Ranbir Kapoor.  Nasiib darrose, filimkan lama dhammaystiri karin dhimashadeeda darteed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160324082151/http://www.scoopwhoop.com/10-Bollywood-Actors-Who-Couldnt-Live-To-See-The-Fate-Of-Their-Movies &quot;Bollywood actor's movies after demise- Scoopwhoop&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dhimasho ==
Khan ayaa la sheegay inuu dhintay ka dib markii ay is daldashay 3 Juun 2013, meel u dhaxeysay 11:00 pm ilaa 11:30 pm gurigeeda oo ku yaal Juhu, Mumbai.&lt;ref&gt;Lee, Chris (4 Junn 2013). [https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/moviesnow/la-et-mn-bollywood-star-jiah-khan-dead-suicide-20130604-story.html &quot;Bollywood star Jiah Khan dead of apparent suicide&quot;]. ''Los Angeles Times''.&lt;/ref&gt; Her mother and sister were not at home at the time.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/jiah-khan-found-dead-in-mumbai-suicide-suspected/story-EjYt1EJnxwNyBZPC7UQpcO.html &quot;Jiah Khan found dead in Mumbai; suicide suspected&quot;]. ''Hindustan Times''.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Jiah_Khan_at_Preview_of_'Baggit's_New_Collection.jpg|thumb|Khan oo ku sugan London sanadkii 2009.]]
Baadhitaan ayaa lagu sameeyay cusbitaalka JJ ee magaalada Byculla.&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated1&quot;&gt;[http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/jiah-khan-was-planning-to-quit-movies-turn-interior-designer-375453?pfrom=home-movies &quot;Jiah Khan was planning to quit movies, turn interior designer | NDTV Movies.com&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/jiah-khan-was-planning-to-quit-movies-turn-interior-designer-375453?pfrom=home-movies |date=20130608183528 }}. ''Movies.ndtv.com''.&lt;/ref&gt; Meydkeeda ayaa dib loogu soo celiyey hoygeeda agagaarka 7:00 am subaxnimo Arbacadii, 5 June 2013, kadib meydka.&lt;ref name=&quot;indiatimes1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130609015256/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-06-06/news-interviews/39787497_1_jiah-khan-nafisa-khan-suicide &quot;No messages found in Jiah's beau's phone&quot;]. ''The Times of India''.&lt;/ref&gt; Isla maalintaas Namaz-e-janaza (salaadda janaasada) waxay ka dhacday Sonapur Kabar Walla Masjid waxaana lagu aasay qabuuraha Juhu Muslim kadib salaadii [[Salaada Duhur|Duhur]] ee salaadii Islaamka. Jilaayaasha Bollywoodka ee ka soo qeyb galay waxaa ka mid ahaa Aamir Khan, [[Kiran Rao]], Riteish Deshmukh, Siddharth Mallya, Sophie Choudry, Urvashi Dholakia, Prem Chopra, Ranjeet, Deepak Parashar, Sanjay Khan iyo Nagma.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130609070459/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-06-06/news-interviews/39765197_1_jiah-khan-juhu-last-journey &quot;Jiah Khan laid to rest amidst tears&quot;]. ''Times of India''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2013/06/201364513223510.html &quot;Bollywood star commits suicide&quot;]. Al Jazeera. &lt;/ref&gt;

7-dii Juun 2013, waxaa gurigeeda laga helay warqad qoraal ah oo ka kooban lix bog oo ay gacanta ku qortay walaasheed, taasoo la sheegay inay u dirtay saaxiibkii Khan ee Sooraj Pancholi. Qoraalka ayaa lagu soo waramayaa inuu muujinayo in Khan qorsheynayay inuu soo afjaro nolosheeda. Qoraal ka hadlaya ilmo iska soo ridid ​​dhowaan ayey qoysku sii daayeen.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/jiah-khans-suicide-note-revealed-82440-2.html &quot;Jiah Khan's Suicide Note Revealed | Page 2&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/jiah-khans-suicide-note-revealed-82440-2.html |date=20130810220957 }}. ''The Times of India''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Jiah-Khans-letter-released-to-media-by-her-mother/articleshow/20517254.cms &quot;Jiah Khan's letter released to media by her mother&quot;]. ''The Times of India''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.theguardian.com/global/2017/oct/01/death-in-bollywood-who-killed-jiah-khan-crime-murder-suicide-investigation &quot;Death in Bollywood: who killed Jiah Khan?&quot;]. ''The Guardian''. ISSN [[issn:0029-7712|0029-7712]]. &lt;/ref&gt;  8 Juun 2013, Khan ayaa lagu qabtay Vile Parle Medical Club si loogu duceeyo Khan iyo qoyskeeda. Jilayaasha Bollywoodka ee ka soo qeyb galay waxaa ka mid ahaa Aamir Khan, [[Deepika Padukone]], Randhir Kapoor, Prateik Babbar, Sanjay Kapoor, Shweta Pandit, Kiran Rao, Urvashi Dholakia, Ranjeet, Deepak Parashar, Sanjay Khan iyo Nagma.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/gallery/jiah-khan-bollywood-star-found-1930442 &quot;Jiah Khan: Bollywood star found dead by mother in Mumbai home&quot;]. ''mirror.''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/bollywood/jiah-khan-death-funeral-pics-14739.html?page=5 &quot;Jiah Khan's death anniversary: When Bollywood celebs were all moist-eyed (view pics)&quot;]. ''indiatvnews.com''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.glamsham.com/bollywood/news/nafisa-jiah-khans-funeral-held/ &quot;Nafisa (Jiah) Khan's funeral held&quot;]. ''Glamsham''.&lt;/ref&gt;

Pancholi, oo la nooleyd Khan, waxaa loo taxaabay xabsiga booliska inta lagu gudajiray baaritaanka ay ku sameysay inay is disho 10 Juun 2013.&lt;ref&gt;Singh, Vijay V (11 Juun 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130613053304/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-06-11/india/39898077_1_jiah-khan-rabiya-khan-son-suraj &quot;Aditya Pancholi's son Suraj held for abetting Jiah Khan's suicide&quot;]. ''The Times of India''.&lt;/ref&gt;  Maxkamadda Sare ee Bombay waxay siisay dammaanad 2 Luuliyo 2013.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/1855914/report-hc-grants-suraj-pancholi-bail-downplays-jiah-khan-letter &quot;HC grants Suraj Pancholi bail, downplays Jiah Khan letter&quot;]. ''DNA''.&lt;/ref&gt; 3dii Luuliyo 2014, sanad kadib dhimashadeeda, Xafiiska Dhexe ee Baarista (CBI) waxaa ku amartay Maxkamadda Sare inay sii baarto geerida.&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/07/bombay-high-court-orders-cbi-to-probe-jiah-khan-death-case/ &quot;Bombay High Court orders CBI to probe Jiah Khan Death Case&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/07/bombay-high-court-orders-cbi-to-probe-jiah-khan-death-case/ |date=20140707150108 }}. ''news.biharprabha.com''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.abplive.in/crime/2014/07/03/article355475.ece/Bombay-High-Court-orders-CBI-probe-into-Jiah-Khan-suicide-case#.U7VQBvmSzTo&lt;/ref&gt;

Maxkamadda Sare waxay qabatay dhegeysi arintan ku saabsan, laga bilaabo 7 Juun 2016, kadib baaqii Maxkamadda Sare ee ahaa in la dedejiyo hawsha.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.abplive.in/india-news/bombay-hc-to-hear-jiah-khan-suicide-case-on-june-7-343527 &quot;Bombay HC to hear Jiah Khan suicide case on June 7&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.abplive.in/india-news/bombay-hc-to-hear-jiah-khan-suicide-case-on-june-7-343527 |date=20170813105427 }}. ''ABP Live''.&lt;/ref&gt;  1 Ogosto 2016 CBI-da ayaa meesha ka saartay dil kiiska.  Baadhitaannadeeda awgood, sababta dhimashadii Khan waxay ahayd 'is-dilid.&lt;ref name=&quot;intoday.in&quot;&gt;[http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/jiah-khan-death-timeline-all-you-need-to-know/1/768933.html &quot;Jiah Khans death has a new twist: Timeline of the events after her death&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Khan hooyadiis, Rabia, waxay si madaxbanaan u shaqaaleeysay khabiir ku takhasusay cilmi baarista british-ka Jason Payne-James, oo ku soo gabagabeeyey warbixinti 20 september 2016:&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Khan laadlaadkiisa waa la dhigay waxaana calaamadaha wajigeeda iyo qoorteeda ka muuqaneysa inaysan aheyn is dil.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;intoday.in&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Jiah-Khans-hanging-staged-UK-expert/articleshow/54418518.cms &quot;Jiah Khan's hanging staged: UK expert&quot;]. ''The Times of India''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Bishii Janaayo 2017 xeer ilaalintu waxay codsatay in dacwadaha la xiriira faraxumaynta galmada iyo dilka loo haysto Sooraj Pancholi.&lt;ref&gt;[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Jiah-Khan-case-Why-sudden-demand-to-charge-Sooraj-with-rape/articleshow/52161274.cms &quot;Jiah Khan case: 'Why sudden demand to charge Sooraj with rape?'&quot;]. ''The Times of India''.&lt;/ref&gt;

31-kii Janaayo 2018 maxkamad ku taal Mumbai ayaa Sooraj Pancholi ku soo oogtay inuu gacan ka geystay is-dilka Khan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/31/jiah-khans-ex-partner-sooraj-pancholi-charged-over-death-of-bollywood-star &quot;Jiah Khan's ex-partner Sooraj Pancholi charged over death of Bollywood star&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/sooraj-pancholi-charged-in-jiah-khan-suicide-father-aditya-pancholi-happy-to-start-real-fight/story-H4L0CNEmRflWzDmGUeFnfL.html &quot;Sooraj Pancholi charged in Jiah Khan suicide: Father Aditya Pancholi 'happy' to start 'real fight'&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; CBI waxay soo gudbisay liis ay ku qoran yihiin 69 markhaati, oo ay ku jirto Khan hooyadiis Rabia, oo cabanaysa, iyada oo kiisku bilaaban doono bisha Maarso 2018.&lt;ref&gt;[http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/trial-against-sooraj-pancholi-to-start-soon/ &quot;Trial against Sooraj Pancholi to start soon&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;

== Filimada ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
!Sanadka
!Filim
!Doorka
!Notes
|-
|2007
|''[[Nishabd]]''
|Jiah
|Magacaabay— Abaalmarinta Filmfare
Sidoo kale heesaha loogu talagalay heesta &quot;Take Lite&quot;
|-
|2008
|''Ghajini''
|Sunita
|
|-
|2010
|''Housefull''
|Devika K. Samtani
|
|}

== Tixraacyada ==


[[Category:Atariishayasha filimada Hindiga]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Silk Smitha</title>
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      <text bytes="4521" sha1="9ax4c6besk4298k96ypbgubw6cqkjpk" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Silk Smitha|caption=|native_name=|image=|birth_name=Vijayalakshmi Vadlapatla|birth_date={{Birth date|df=yes|1960|12|2}}|birth_place=Hindiya|death_date={{Death date and age|df=yes|1996|9|23|1960|12|2}}|death_place=Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Hindiya|death_cause=ismiidaamin|occupation=Atariisho filim|nationality=Hindiya|years_active=1979–1996|parents=Ramallu, Sarasamma}}'''Vijayalakshmi Vadlapatla''' (2 Diseembar 1960 - 23 Sebteembar 1996), oo sifiican loogu garanayo magaceeda '''Silk Smitha''', waxay ahayd atariisho Filim Hindi ah kana shaqeysa inta badan filimada [[Luqada Tamil-ka|Tamil]], [[Telugu]], Malayalam, [[Kannada]] iyo [[Hindi]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.india.com/stream/silk-smitha-happy-birthday-top-song-videos-of-the-bad-girl-of-southern-cinema-209382/ &quot;Silk Smitha Happy Birthday: Top song videos of the bad girl of Southern cinema!&quot;]. ''India.com''.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay ku soo gashay warshadaha iyada oo ah atariisho taageerta&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110929234545/http://movies.ndtv.com/movie_story.aspx?ID=ENTEN20110184987&amp;keyword=bollywood&amp;subcatg=MOVIESINDIA&amp;nid=136920 &quot;Why Silk Smitha is Bollywood's favourite bad girl&quot;]. ''NDTV Movies''.&lt;/ref&gt; waxaana markii ugu horeysay lagu arkay doorkeedii &quot;Silk&quot; ee filimkii Tamil ee 1979, ''Vandichakkaram''. Waxay noqotay [[Astaanta galmada|astaan galmada]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://247latestnews.com/mysterious-death-indias-biggest-sex-symbol-silk-smitha/ &quot;The mysterious death of India's biggest sex symbol Silk Smitha&quot;]. &lt;/ref&gt; Xirfadeeda oo soo jirtay 17 sano, waxay ka soo muuqatay in ka badan 450 filim.

== Nolosha shaqsiga ah ==
Silk Smitha wuxuu lahaa wareeg yar oo saaxiibo dhow ah. Waxay ahayd qof isdaba-joog ah oo aan si dhakhso leh ula saaxiibin qof. Waxay sidoo kale caan ku tahay dabacsanaan, xoog iyo toosnaan, taas oo dadka qaar ku khaldeen inay nasiib wanaag tahay. Waxay caan ku ahayd inay timaado goobta lagu duubayay filimka kahor toogashada, iyadu iyadu mas'uul bay ahayd, waxayna hami haysay (waxay baratay inay si wanaagsan ugu hadasho Ingiriisiga inkasta oo waxbarashadeeda ay aad uyartahay). Saaxiibbadeed waxay ku sifeeyeen inay leedahay &quot;jilicsan&quot; iyo &quot;ilmo sida&quot; shakhsiyad. Waxay ku xariifsanayd [[Weji qurxis|qurxinta]] taas oo ahayd shaqadeeda kahor intaysan atariisho noqon.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.news18.com/amp/news/movies/silk-smitha-birth-anniversary-five-most-memorable-performances-of-the-actress-3136643.html &quot;Silk Smitha Birth Anniversary: Five Most Memorable Performances of the Actress&quot;]. ''News18''.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay si dabiici ah u qurux badneyd oo caan ku aheyd indhaheeda quruxda badan, midabkeeda dahabka iyo jir ahaanba.&lt;ref&gt;[https://filmfare.com/features/silk-smithas-bold-interview-4813.amp &quot;Silk Smitha's bold interview&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://filmfare.com/features/silk-smithas-bold-interview-4813.amp |date=20241225181733 }}. ''Filmfare''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.dtnext.in/News/Cinema/2020/09/23182151/1252693/Remembering-Silk-Smitha-on-her-24th-death-anniversary.vpf &quot;Remembering Silk Smitha on her 24th death anniversary&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.dtnext.in/News/Cinema/2020/09/23182151/1252693/Remembering-Silk-Smitha-on-her-24th-death-anniversary.vpf |date=20210709183000 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dhimasho ==
Subaxnimadii Sebtember 23, 1996, waxay la xiriirtay saaxiibkeed, qoob-ka-ciyaarka Anuradha, si ay ugala hadlaan arrin iyada qasan.  Anuradha waxay qorsheysay inay soo booqato ka dib markay ilmaheeda ku dhaaftay dugsiga.

Imaanshaha dambe ee subaxdaas, Anuradha waxay aragtay Smitha oo meyd ah.  Dhowr bilood ka dib dhimashadeeda, waxaa lagu caddeeyay warbixinta dhimashada ka dib in Smitha ay u dhimatay ismiidaamin, iyadoo qamri badan uu ku jiray jirkeeda.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20131221172406/http://cinema.maalaimalar.com/2013/12/16224107/cinema-history.html &quot;'சுமிதாவுக்கு திருமணத்தில் நம்பிக்கை இல்லை': 'சில்க்' சுமிதாவின் காதலர் பேட்டி&quot;]. ''Cinema.maalaimalar.com''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140114224641/http://cinema.maalaimalar.com/2013/12/15203008/Silk-smitha-cinema-history.html &quot;'எனக்கு வாழ்க்கை தருவதாக&quot;]. &lt;/ref&gt;

Qoraal is-dilid ah ayaa laga helay guriga Silk Smitha, laakiin waa la kala saari kari waayay, taas oo dhimashadeeda u beddeshay sir aan la xallin. [https://owwlogy.com/silk-smitha-what-led-to-her-untimely-death/ Silk-smitha-what-led-to-her-untimely-death/]

== Tixraacyada ==</text>
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      <text bytes="4517" sha1="klnk8skggbpszbz2tdhb8qvffulz2sv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Silk Smitha|caption=|native_name=|image=|birth_name=Vijayalakshmi Vadlapatla|birth_date={{Birth date|df=yes|1960|12|2}}|birth_place=Hindiya|death_date={{Death date and age|df=yes|1996|9|23|1960|12|2}}|death_place=Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Hindiya|death_cause=ismiidaamin|occupation=Atariisho filim|nationality=Hindiya|years_active=1979–1996|parents=Ramallu, Sarasamma}}'''Vijayalakshmi Vadlapatla''' (2 Diseembar 1960 - 23 Sebteembar 1996), oo sifiican loogu garanayo magaceeda '''Silk Smitha''', waxay ahayd atariisho Filim Hindi ah kana shaqeysa inta badan filimada [[Luqada Tamil-ka|Tamil]], [[Telugu]], Malayalam, [[Kannada]] iyo [[Hindi]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.india.com/stream/silk-smitha-happy-birthday-top-song-videos-of-the-bad-girl-of-southern-cinema-209382/ &quot;Silk Smitha Happy Birthday: Top song videos of the bad girl of Southern cinema!&quot;]. ''India.com''.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay ku soo gashay warshadaha iyada oo ah atariisho taageerta&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110929234545/http://movies.ndtv.com/movie_story.aspx?ID=ENTEN20110184987&amp;keyword=bollywood&amp;subcatg=MOVIESINDIA&amp;nid=136920 &quot;Why Silk Smitha is Bollywood's favourite bad girl&quot;]. ''NDTV Movies''.&lt;/ref&gt; waxaana markii ugu horeysay lagu arkay doorkeedii &quot;Silk&quot; ee filimkii Tamil ee 1979, ''Vandichakkaram''. Waxay noqotay [[Astaanta galmada|astaan galmada]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://247latestnews.com/mysterious-death-indias-biggest-sex-symbol-silk-smitha/ &quot;The mysterious death of India's biggest sex symbol Silk Smitha&quot;]. &lt;/ref&gt; Xirfadeeda oo soo jirtay 17 sano, waxay ka soo muuqatay in ka badan 450 filim.

== Nolosha shaqsiga ah ==
Silk Smitha wuxuu lahaa wareeg yar oo saaxiibo dhow ah. Waxay ahayd qof isdaba-joog ah oo aan si dhakhso leh ula saaxiibin qof. Waxay sidoo kale caan ku tahay dabacsanaan, xoog iyo toosnaan, taas oo dadka qaar ku khaldeen inay nasiib wanaag tahay. Waxay caan ku ahayd inay timaado goobta lagu duubayay filimka kahor toogashada, iyadu iyadu mas'uul bay ahayd, waxayna hami haysay (waxay baratay inay si wanaagsan ugu hadasho Ingiriisiga inkasta oo waxbarashadeeda ay aad uyartahay). Saaxiibbadeed waxay ku sifeeyeen inay leedahay &quot;jilicsan&quot; iyo &quot;ilmo sida&quot; shakhsiyad. Waxay ku xariifsanayd [[Weji qurxis|qurxinta]] taas oo ahayd shaqadeeda kahor intaysan atariisho noqon.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.news18.com/news/movies/silk-smitha-birth-anniversary-five-most-memorable-performances-of-the-actress-3136643.html &quot;Silk Smitha Birth Anniversary: Five Most Memorable Performances of the Actress&quot;]. ''News18''.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay si dabiici ah u qurux badneyd oo caan ku aheyd indhaheeda quruxda badan, midabkeeda dahabka iyo jir ahaanba.&lt;ref&gt;[https://filmfare.com/features/silk-smithas-bold-interview-4813.amp &quot;Silk Smitha's bold interview&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://filmfare.com/features/silk-smithas-bold-interview-4813.amp |date=20241225181733 }}. ''Filmfare''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.dtnext.in/News/Cinema/2020/09/23182151/1252693/Remembering-Silk-Smitha-on-her-24th-death-anniversary.vpf &quot;Remembering Silk Smitha on her 24th death anniversary&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.dtnext.in/News/Cinema/2020/09/23182151/1252693/Remembering-Silk-Smitha-on-her-24th-death-anniversary.vpf |date=20210709183000 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dhimasho ==
Subaxnimadii Sebtember 23, 1996, waxay la xiriirtay saaxiibkeed, qoob-ka-ciyaarka Anuradha, si ay ugala hadlaan arrin iyada qasan.  Anuradha waxay qorsheysay inay soo booqato ka dib markay ilmaheeda ku dhaaftay dugsiga.

Imaanshaha dambe ee subaxdaas, Anuradha waxay aragtay Smitha oo meyd ah.  Dhowr bilood ka dib dhimashadeeda, waxaa lagu caddeeyay warbixinta dhimashada ka dib in Smitha ay u dhimatay ismiidaamin, iyadoo qamri badan uu ku jiray jirkeeda.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20131221172406/http://cinema.maalaimalar.com/2013/12/16224107/cinema-history.html &quot;'சுமிதாவுக்கு திருமணத்தில் நம்பிக்கை இல்லை': 'சில்க்' சுமிதாவின் காதலர் பேட்டி&quot;]. ''Cinema.maalaimalar.com''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140114224641/http://cinema.maalaimalar.com/2013/12/15203008/Silk-smitha-cinema-history.html &quot;'எனக்கு வாழ்க்கை தருவதாக&quot;]. &lt;/ref&gt;

Qoraal is-dilid ah ayaa laga helay guriga Silk Smitha, laakiin waa la kala saari kari waayay, taas oo dhimashadeeda u beddeshay sir aan la xallin. [https://owwlogy.com/silk-smitha-what-led-to-her-untimely-death/ Silk-smitha-what-led-to-her-untimely-death/]

== Tixraacyada ==</text>
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    <title>Goo Hara</title>
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      <text bytes="47102" sha1="c7c1ffrld28wetot0efqsk6rlubl7qr" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Goo Hara|image=&quot;어딜 봐도 예쁘네&quot; 구하라, 갈수록 예뻐지는 여신 미모 (2) (cropped).jpg|caption=Goo sanadka 2018|alt=Goo, in a black dress, smiles and faces forward|birth_date={{birth date|1991|1|3}}|birth_place=Gwangju, Koonfur Kuuriya|death_date={{death date and age|2019|11|24|1991|1|3}}|death_place=[[Seoul]], Koonfur Kuuriya|death_cause=[[Ismiidaamin]]|resting_place=Beerta Xusuusta Skycastle 
Gwangju, Koonfur Kuuriya|nationality=Korean|occupation={{hlist|Singer|actress}}|years_active=2008–2019|agent=KeyEast&lt;br&gt;Ogi|signature=Hara's signature.svg|module={{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| genre           = [[K-pop]]
| instrument      = Cod
| label           = [[DSP Media|DSP]]
| associated_acts = [[Kara]]
}}}}

'''Goo Hara''' (Janaayo 3, 1991 – Nofeembar 24, 2019),  sidoo kale loo yaqaan si qarsoodi ah '''Hara''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|g|uː|h|ɑːr|ə}}, wuxuu ahaa heesaa iyo atariishada Koonfur Kuuriya. Waxay xubin ka ahayd kooxda gabdhaha ee [[Kara]], waxayna sidoo kale ka soo muuqatay taxane telefishan oo ay ku jiraan ''City Hunter'' (2011). Waxay sameysay kulankeedii ugu horeeyay iyada oo ah heesaa kali ah bishii Luulyo 2015 iyada oo la sii daayay [[Extended play|EP]] ''Alohara (Can You Feel It?)''.

== Nolosha iyo shaqada ==

=== Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada ===
Goo wuxuu ku dhashay Gwangju, Koonfur Kuuriya, Janaayo 3, 1991.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Kim|first1=Min-ji|script-title=ko:故 구하라 생일…친오빠 추모글 &quot;거기선 걱정없이 행복하길&quot;|url=http://news1.kr/articles/?3808064|access-date=January 4, 2020|work=New 1|date=January 3, 2020|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Early life&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Hwang|first1=Ji-young|script-title=ko:'17세 데뷔' 故구하라, 굴곡졌던 11년 연예계 활동 [종합]|url=http://isplus.live.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=23640875&amp;cloc=|access-date=January 4, 2020|date=November 25, 2019|language=ko|archive-date=Bisha Sideedaad 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801090910/http://isplus.live.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=23640875&amp;cloc=|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waalidiinta Goo ayaa kala tagay markii ay sideed jir ahayd kadib markii hooyadeed ay ka tagtay reerka.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.todayonline.com/8days/sceneandheard/entertainment/goo-haras-estranged-mother-went-late-stars-funeral-and-asked &quot;Goo Hara's Estranged Mother Went To The Late Star's Funeral And Asked For Photos With Celebs&quot;]. ''TODAYonline''.&lt;/ref&gt; Goo iyo walaalkeed waxaa soo koriyay ayeeyadood halka aabahood uu ka shaqeynayay shaqaale dhisme oo dalka oo dhan ah si uu u taageero qoyska.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20200312069900502|title=[팩트체크] 어린자식 두고 떠났던 친모가 구하라 재산 절반 상속?|date=March 12, 2020|website=연합뉴스}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay tagtay Dugsiga Hoose ee Woonchun iyo Dugsiga Dhexe ee Jeonnam, waxaana loo tababaray orod iyo orodyahan muddo labo sano ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Kim|first1=Hyung-woo|script-title=ko: 구하라 달리기 괴력 이유있었네 '초중시절 2년간 육상부 활동'|url=http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=200910061039561002|access-date=January 4, 2020|work=Newsen|date=October 6, 2009|language=ko|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605034143/https://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=200910061039561002|archive-date=June 5, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Goo wuxuu yimid Seoul markii uu dhiganayay Dugsiga Sare ee Farshaxanka Fiican ee Jeonju wuxuuna ka qeyb galay tartankii muuqaalka dhalinyarada ee SM Entertainment 2005.&lt;ref name=&quot;Early life&quot; /&gt; Kadib waxay u wareegtay Dugsiga Sare ee Macluumaadka Gabdhaha ee Dongmyung ka dibna waxay gashay Jaamacadda Haweenka ee Sungshin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://sports.chosun.com/news/news.htm?id=201011030100024400001212&amp;ServiceDate=20101102|script-title=ko:카라 구하라 성신여자대학교 수시 합격|website=sportschosun.com|date=November 2, 2010|access-date=December 30, 2017|language=ko|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230172540/http://sports.chosun.com/news/news.htm?id=201011030100024400001212&amp;ServiceDate=20101102|archive-date=December 30, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Kim|first1=Jae-won|script-title=ko:비보 전해진 구하라, 어린시절부터 연예인 꿈꿔 온 소녀|url=http://www.sportsworldi.com/newsView/20191124509064|access-date=January 4, 2020|work=Sports World i|date=November 24, 2019|language=ko|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191126035332/http://www.sportsworldi.com/newsView/20191124509064|archive-date=November 26, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intii lagu guda jiray maalmihii iskuulka, waxay u shaqeyn jirtay sidii dhiirrigeliye dukaamada dharka internetka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|script-title=ko:구하라, 데뷔전 피팅모델 때부터 '완벽 미모'로 유명해|url=http://www.asiatoday.co.kr/view.php?key=268707|access-date=January 4, 2020|work=Asia Today|date=July 20, 2009|language=ko|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200519053405/http://www.asiatoday.co.kr/view.php?key=268707|archive-date=May 19, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2007, iyadu kuma guuleysan inay ku biirto JYP Entertainment.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://isplus.joins.com/article/article.html?aid=1284463|title=[스타의 모든것③&amp;#93; 구하라 &quot;45명 중 38등이 최악의 성적&quot; - 일간스포츠|website=Ilgan Sports|date=December 7, 2009|access-date=March 8, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091214083224/http://isplus.joins.com/article/article.html?aid=1284463|archive-date=December 14, 2009|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2008–2015: Kara ===
{{Main|Kara}}Goo wuxuu ku biiray kooxda gabdhaha ee Kara sanadkii 2008, kadib markii uu ka tagay xubintii hore Kim Sung-hee.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://tenasia.hankyung.com/archives/684|title=카라│My name is…2|date=March 10, 2009|work=10Asia|language=ko|access-date=December 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052202/http://tenasia.hankyung.com/archives/684|archive-date=December 22, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Oktoobar 2009, waxay noqotay xubin jilaya riwaayadda KBS ''Invincible Youth''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.cbs.co.kr/nocut/Show.asp?IDX=1283091|title=KBS '청춘불패', '아이돌 7공주'의 좌충우돌 시골생활 정착기 - 노컷뉴스|website=CBS|date=October 9, 2009|access-date=March 8, 2017}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2011, Goo ayaa markii ugu horreysay jilay filimkeedii ''City Hunter'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201104131024421001|title=맏언니 박규리, 구하라 연기자 데뷔 지원사격 '시티헌터 OST 부른다' - 손에 잡히는 뉴스 눈에 보이는 뉴스 - 뉴스엔|website=Newsen|date=April 13, 2011|access-date=March 8, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170308222038/http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201104131024421001|archive-date=March 8, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; halkaas oo ay ku jileysay Choi Da-hye, oo ah gabadha madaxweynaha Koonfur Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://en.tenasia.com/archives/6409|title=KARA Gu Hara to make acting debut through &quot;City Hunter&quot;|date=March 14, 2011|work=10Asia|access-date=December 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052739/http://en.tenasia.com/archives/6409|archive-date=December 22, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Janaayo 19, 2011, waxaa la shaaciyay in Goo ay joojinayso qandaraaska ay kula jirtay [[DSP Media]] iyo seddex xubnood oo kale oo Kara ah, waxaana loo gudbiyay dacwad iyaga ku saabsan. Gelinkii dambe ee maalintaas, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inay joojinayso ku lug lahaanshaheeda dacwada oo ay dib uga mid noqotay shirkadda,&lt;ref name=&quot;heraldsuit&quot;&gt;Lee, Woo-young. [http://www.koreaherald.com/entertainment/Detail.jsp?newsMLId=20110119000516 KARA member Gu Ha-ra withdraws contract termination] {{Wayback|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/entertainment/Detail.jsp?newsMLId=20110119000516 |date=20120320091419 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320091419/http://www.koreaherald.com/entertainment/Detail.jsp?newsMLId=20110119000516|date=March 20, 2012}}. ''[[The Korea Herald]]''. January 19, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; maadaama sida muuqata aysan si buuxda uga warqabin faahfaahinta dacwada.&lt;ref&gt;{{in lang|ko}} Kim, Seong-han. [http://news.naver.com/main/hotissue/read.nhn?mid=hot&amp;sid1=106&amp;gid=330818&amp;cid=634836&amp;iid=294539&amp;oid=038&amp;aid=0002122145&amp;ptype=011 &lt;nowiki&gt;[단독] 구하라 &quot;카라 지키겠다&quot; 잔류 선언... 소송서 빠지겠다 주장 (&lt;/nowiki&gt;''Goo Hara: &quot;I Will Protect Kara&quot;, Declares to Remain'')]. ''[[Naver|Naver News]]''/''[[Hankook Ilbo]]''. January 19, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Nofeembar 2011, iyada iyo Nicole Jung waxay noqdeen martigaliyayaasha cusub ee ''[[Inkigayo]]'',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.nate.com/view/20111113n03112?mid=e0102|title=[단독] 구하라-니콜 '인기가요' MC 합류, 아이유와 女 3MC체제|website=네이트뉴스|language=ko|access-date=March 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;  waxayna ka baxeen showga Ogosto 19, 2012 si ay diirada u saaraan xirfadooda Kara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.nate.com/view/20120819n08532|title=구하라·니콜, '인가' MC 하차..&quot;26일 카라 컴백&quot;|website=네이트뉴스|language=ko|access-date=March 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2013-kii, waxay iskaashi la sameysay fannaanka reer Japan ee Masaharu Fukuyama si ay u duubto hees loogu magac daray &quot;Magic of Love&quot; oo Kuuriyaan ku hoos jirta kooxda mashruuca, Hara +.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2969880|title=KARA's Goo Ha-ra to do soundtrack|date=April 10, 2013|work=Korea JoongAng Daily|access-date=December 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711023810/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2969880|archive-date=July 11, 2018|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Oktoobar 2013, waxaa loo magacaabay safiirka deeqda dhiigga ee Bangiga Dhiigga ee Hanmaum.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/47243/20131029/kara-goo-hara-chosen-to-be-ambassador-for-blood-donations.htm|title=KARA Goo Hara Chosen to be Ambassador for Blood Donations|work=KpopStarz|date=October 29, 2013|access-date=March 8, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170308221020/http://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/47243/20131029/kara-goo-hara-chosen-to-be-ambassador-for-blood-donations.htm|archive-date=March 8, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Diseembar 29, 2014, waxay ka soo muuqatay showga cinwaankiisu ahaa ''On &amp; Off'', oo laga sii daayay MBC Music.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mwave.me/en/news/news/view/82092/Kara%E2%80%99s-Goo-Hara-to-Launch-Her-Exclusive-Reality-Show-%E2%80%98Hara-On---Off%E2%80%99|title=Kara's Goo Hara to Launch Her Exclusive Reality Show 'Hara On &amp; Off'|work=Mwave|date=December 2, 2014|access-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 25, 2019|archive-date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 22, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052512/http://www.mwave.me/en/news/news/view/82092/Kara%E2%80%99s-Goo-Hara-to-Launch-Her-Exclusive-Reality-Show-%E2%80%98Hara-On---Off|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== ''Alohara (Can You Feel It?)'' ====
Bishii Juun 2015, waxay soo saartay buug qurux badan oo cinwaan looga dhigay ''Nail Hara''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201506031729148393933_2&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|title=KARA Gu Ha-ra to put out beauty book|date=June 23, 2015|work=Kpop Herald|access-date=December 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052452/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201506031729148393933_2&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|archive-date=December 22, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Luulyo 2015, Goo ayaa lagu soo bandhigay heesaa keli ah iyada oo la sii daayay EP ''Alohara (Can You Feel It?)'', Kaas oo ugu sarreeyay # 4 gudaha.  Kali hogaamiyaha &quot;Choco Chip Cookies&quot; oo uu weheliyo heesaa Giriboy.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201507071749262632585_2&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|title=Goo Ha-ra to make solo debut|date=July 7, 2015|work=Kpop Herald|access-date=December 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222051001/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201507071749262632585_2&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|archive-date=December 22, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201507131439362485218_2&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|title=Goo Ha-ra releases track list of 'Alohara'|date=July 13, 2015|work=Kpop Herald|access-date=December 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222051003/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201507131439362485218_2&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|archive-date=December 22, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3006506|title=Giriboy, Goo Ha-ra team up|date=July 13, 2015|work=Korea JoongAng Daily|access-date=December 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052916/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3006506|archive-date=December 22, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Oktoobar 2015, Goo wuxuu ku biiray bandhigga kala duwan ''Shaolin Clenched Fists''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mwave.me/en/news/news/view/98530/After-School%E2%80%B2s-Uee%2C-Kara%E2%80%B2s-Goo-Hara-and-miss-A%E2%80%B2s-Fei-are-Ready-to-Kick-Butt-in-%E2%80%B2Fists-of-Shaolin-Temple%E2%80%B2-Poster|title=After School′s Uee, Kara′s Goo Hara and miss A′s Fei are Ready to Kick Butt in ′Fists of Shaolin Temple′ Poster|date=October 6, 2015|work=Mwave|access-date=December 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052744/http://www.mwave.me/en/news/news/view/98530/After-School%E2%80%B2s-Uee%2C-Kara%E2%80%B2s-Goo-Hara-and-miss-A%E2%80%B2s-Fei-are-Ready-to-Kick-Butt-in-%E2%80%B2Fists-of-Shaolin-Temple%E2%80%B2-Poster|archive-date=December 22, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== [[2016]]–[[2019]]: Mashaariicdii ugu dambeysay dhimashada kahor ===
Markay ahayd Janaayo 15, 2016, Kara waxay si rasmi ah u kala dirtay Goo iyo xubnihii kale ee la socday ee Park Gyu-ri iyo Han Seung-yeon oo ka tegaya DSP Media markay dhacayaan qandaraasyadooda shirkadda. Goo ayaa markaa kadib la saxeexday KeyEast dhawr maalmood ka dib.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201601181159112847542_2&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|title=Goo Ha-ra joins KeyEast|date=January 18, 2016|work=Kpop Herald|access-date=December 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052455/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201601181159112847542_2&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|archive-date=December 22, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Diseembar 2016, waxay ka muuqatay heesta Thunder, &quot;Sign&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201611301132350059125_2&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|title=Thunder's new release to feature Goo Ha-ra|date=November 30, 2016|work=Kpop Herald|access-date=December 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222051037/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201611301132350059125_2&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|archive-date=December 22, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Ogosto 2017, Goo wuxuu jilay filim gaaban oo cinwaan looga dhigay ''Sound of a Footstep''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.koreanfilm.or.kr/jsp/news/features.jsp?pageIndex=1&amp;blbdComCd=601013&amp;seq=380&amp;mode=FEATURES_VIEW&amp;returnUrl=&amp;searchKeyword=|title=The Constantly Evolving Korean Film Industry: Web Content|date=September 18, 2017|work=Korean Film Biz Zone}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Nofeembar 2017, Goo wuxuu ku biiray bandhigga kala duwan ''Seoul Mate''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0000794957|script-title=ko:[공식입장] '서울메이트' 측 &quot;구하라, 호스트로 출연…자택 공개&quot;|date=November 15, 2017|work=Xports News|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Janaayo 2018, waxay soo saartay hees loogu talagalay taxanaha telefishanka ''Jugglers'', oo cinwaan looga dhigay &quot;On A Good Day&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201801231459344485384_2|title=Gu Hara contributes to 'Jugglers' soundtrack|date=January 23, 2018|work=Kpop Herald|access-date=January 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123112743/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201801231459344485384_2|archive-date=January 23, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Abriil 2018, waxay martigelisay barnaamijka quruxda badan ee [[JTBC]] ''My Mad Beauty Diary''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201804121434325173540_2|title=JTBC's new channel to launch with beauty show|date=April 12, 2018|website=Kpop Herald|access-date=April 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412212247/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201804121434325173540_2|archive-date=April 12, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Luulyo, waxaa loo magacaabay danjire sharafeed xafladdii 6aad ee Filimka Xayawaanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201807051732428165118_2|title=Goo Ha-ra named ambassador for Suncheon animal film fest|date=July 5, 2018|website=Kpop Herald|access-date=July 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712023131/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201807051732428165118_2|archive-date=July 12, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Ogosto 2018, Goo ayaa ka soo muuqday warshadaha muusikada Jabaan, isagoo sii daayay heesta &quot;Wild&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.allkpop.com/article/2018/08/hara-says-she-can-be-a-bad-girl-in-wild-mv|title=Hara says she can be a bad girl in 'Wild' MV|date=August 24, 2018|work=Allkpop|access-date=August 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825011035/https://www.allkpop.com/article/2018/08/hara-says-she-can-be-a-bad-girl-in-wild-mv|archive-date=August 25, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laga bilaabo Oktoobar 2018, Goo iyo gacaliyaheedii hore, Choi Jong-bum, waxaa soo kala dhex galay khilaaf sharciyeed oo sii fiday ilaa 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.soompi.com/article/1259165wpp/goo-hara-choi-jong-bum-prosecuted-separate-charges|title=Goo Hara's And Choi Jong Bum's Cases To Be Forwarded To Prosecutors|date=November 6, 2018|work=Soompi|access-date=November 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107070929/https://www.soompi.com/article/1259165wpp/goo-hara-choi-jong-bum-prosecuted-separate-charges|archive-date=November 7, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.soompi.com/article/1348952wpp/choi-jong-bum-receives-suspended-sentence-goo-haras-legal-representatives-respond|title=Choi Jong Bum Receives Suspended Sentence And Goo Hara's Legal Reps Respond + Prosecution Appeals|date=August 2019|work=Soompi|access-date=September 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913205245/https://www.soompi.com/article/1348952wpp/choi-jong-bum-receives-suspended-sentence-goo-haras-legal-representatives-respond|archive-date=September 13, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nooca khilaafku wuxuu sababay arrimo labadaba xirfaddeeda iyo nolosheeda shaqsiyadeed, oo ay ku jiraan Content Y (hoosaad ka ah KeyEast ee Goo uu si firfircoon kor ugu qaadayay tan iyo 2017), isagoo diiday inuu cusbooneysiiyo qandaraaskeeda ka dib markii uu dhacayo Janaayo 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.sedaily.com/NewsView/1VF57EFX8S|title=[공식입장] 콘텐츠와이 측, &quot;구하라와 1월 전속계약 만료, 재계약 NO&quot;|last=Lee|first=Ha-na|date=February 1, 2019|work=SeDaily|access-date=November 25, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka dib markii uu hakad galay qeybtii hore ee 2019, Goo ayaa ku dhawaaqday Juun 2019 inay saxiixday Production Ogi si ay howlaheeda uga sii wado Jabaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.soompi.com/article/1333866wpp/goo-hara-set-to-resume-activities-in-japan-after-signing-on-with-new-agency|title=Goo Hara Set To Resume Activities In Japan After Signing On With New Agency|date=June 21, 2019|work=Soompi|access-date=June 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624132154/https://www.soompi.com/article/1333866wpp/goo-hara-set-to-resume-activities-in-japan-after-signing-on-with-new-agency|archive-date=June 24, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sii-dayntii ugu dambaysay ee Goo ka hor dhimashadeeda waxay ahayd heestii &quot;Midnight Queen&quot;, oo soo baxday Sebtember 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/international/8544595/goo-hara-was-a-k-pop-royal-who-deserved-a-better-world|title=Goo Hara Was a K-Pop Royal Who Deserved a Better World|date=November 24, 2019|work=Soompi|access-date=November 24, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128062115/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/international/8544595/goo-hara-was-a-k-pop-royal-who-deserved-a-better-world|archive-date=November 28, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay sidoo kale gashay safar riwaayad, titled ''Hara Zepp Tour 2019: Hello''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://k-fan.official-fan.com/hara-tour2019/|title=HARA Zepp Tour 2019 ～HELLO～ Official Site|date=November 11, 2019|work=Production Ogi|access-date=November 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191125170556/http://k-fan.official-fan.com/hara-tour2019/|archive-date=November 25, 2019|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Janaayo 12, 2020, fiidiyowga muusigga ee &quot;Hello&quot; iyo &quot;Midnight Queen&quot;, ayaa la sii daayay si iskiis ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Hwang|first1=Ji-young|script-title=ko:故구하라 유작 '헬로' 공개…애절한 발라드|url=http://isplus.live.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=23680888|access-date=January 13, 2020|work=Ilgan Sports|date=January 13, 2020|language=ko|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605095659/http://isplus.live.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=23680888|archive-date=June 5, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; heesaha 'erayadooda waxaa qoray Goo si uu ugu mahadceliyo taageerayaasheeda, waxaana fiidiyowgu ka muuqday iyada oo ka soo horjeedda muuqaalka habeenkii ee magaalada Tokyo, oo ay jeclayd.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.asiaone.com/entertainment/late-goo-haras-surprise-gift-fans-new-music-video-released-posthumously-her-birthday|title=The late Goo Hara's surprise gift to fans: A new music video released posthumously on her birthday|date=January 13, 2020|website=AsiaOne|language=en|access-date=January 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115034110/https://www.asiaone.com/entertainment/late-goo-haras-surprise-gift-fans-new-music-video-released-posthumously-her-birthday|archive-date=January 15, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; La socoshada fiidiyowga muusikada, buug-gacmeed, xusuusinta Goo oo leh sawirro laga qaaday waxyar ka hor dhimashadeeda, ayaa si rasmi ah loo sii daayay Abriil 6, 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=胞兄大數母親行為卑劣 具荷拉寫真藍天最後身影|url=https://hk.appledaily.com/entertainment/20200405/5D7XHJXCUPUTK2G7ZTWCR4VHLY/|access-date=June 10, 2020|website=Apple Daily 蘋果日報|language=zh-hk|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Sideedaad 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801042448/https://hk.appledaily.com/entertainment/20200405/5D7XHJXCUPUTK2G7ZTWCR4VHLY/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=元KARAのHARAさん、フォトブックが「写真集」8位に登場 昨年沖縄で撮影（オリコン）|url=https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/be890f8855d34712d5f312cc4259442f942e787c|access-date=June 10, 2020|website=Yahoo!ニュース|language=ja}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=ＨＡＲＡさん、最後のフォトブック発売へ ファンの声が後押し…ＭＶも公開/デイリースポーツ online|url=https://www.daily.co.jp/gossip/2020/01/13/0013029465.shtml|access-date=June 10, 2020|website=デイリースポーツ online|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114045905/https://www.daily.co.jp/gossip/2020/01/13/0013029465.shtml|archive-date=January 14, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolosha shaqsiga ah ==
Goo wuxuu xiriir la lahaa timo-jaraha Choi Jong-Bum ka dib markii ay labadoodaba markii ugu horreysay ku kulmeen barnaamijka TV-ga ''My Mad Beauty Diary''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Han|first1=Soo-ji|title=구하라 남자친구 '청담동 유아인', 생각보다 심각한 상처에 '충격'…'사회 생활 어려워'|url=http://www.topstarnews.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=483284|access-date=November 25, 2019|work=Top Star News|date=September 17, 2018|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; Abaarihii 1-da duhurnimo ee Sebtember 13, 2018, Choi waxay jabsatay guriga Goo iyadoo sakhraansan oo ay bilawday muran isu rogay gacan ka hadal, markii la sheegay inuu isku dayay inuu dhammeeyo xiriirkooda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.newsis.com/view/?id=NISX20190829_0000754836&amp;cID=10201&amp;pID=10200|title='구하라 폭행' 전 남자친구, 1심 징역형…&quot;촬영은 무죄&quot;|date=August 29, 2019|work=Newsis|access-date=November 25, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://star.mk.co.kr/new/view.php?mc=ST&amp;year=2019&amp;no=678469|title=구하라 측, 최종범 '집행유예'에 반발…&quot;더 강한 처벌 필요&quot; 항소 예고|last=Jin|first=Hyang-hee|date=August 29, 2019|work=Star Today|access-date=November 25, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Booliska ayaa yimid guriga Gu kadib markii Choi ay ku soo wargalisay iyada weerar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://sports.chosun.com/news/ntype.htm?id=201809190100157590012167&amp;servicedate=20180918|title=[SC현장] &quot;진실 밝힐것&quot; 구하라, 남친폭행 혐의 첫 경찰조사(종합)|last=Baek|first=Ji-eun|date=September 18, 2018|work=Sports Chosun|access-date=November 25, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; Goo wuxuu ku andacooday in dhacdadu ay ahayd mid laba dhinac ah ka dibna ay labada dhinacba soo bandhigeen sawirada dhaawacyadooda internetka si ay ugu sharaxaan dhankooda sheekada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.tvreport.co.kr/1080445|title='남친 폭행 혐의' 구하라, 경찰 출석 &quot;조사 성실히 임해 진실 밝힐 것&quot;[종합]|last=Son|first=Hyo-jung|date=September 18, 2018|work=TV Report|access-date=November 25, 2019|language=ko|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513220527/https://www.tvreport.co.kr/1080445|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.seoulwire.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=26677|title=구하라 남자친구 상처, 성한 곳이 없다? &quot;눈 아래도 약 4cm 상처&quot;|last=Jung|first=Eun-ran|date=September 16, 2018|work=Seoulwire|access-date=November 25, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intii lagu gudajiray dhacdada, Goo wuxuu ka xanuunsaday ilmo galeenka iyo xubinta taranka dumarka, sidoo kale waxaa laga helay &quot;murgacashada afka ilmo galeenka&quot;, &quot;jahwareerka wajiga iyo murgacashada&quot;, &quot;murqaha hoose ee lugta iyo murgacashada&quot;, iyo &quot;dhudhunka midig iyo murgacashada dheeraadka ah.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.ggilbo.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=546993|title=구하라 카톡 공개 이어 남친 심경고백 ··· 가열되는 진실공방|last=Kim|first=Jae-myung|date=September 18, 2018|work=Ggilbo|access-date=November 25, 2019|language=ko|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923015646/http://www.ggilbo.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=546993|archive-date=September 23, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.slist.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=45934|title='폭행혐의' 구하라, 경찰서 출두...&quot;조사에서 혐의 밝혀질 것, 성실히 임하겠다&quot;|last=Shin|first=Dong-hyuk|date=September 18, 2018|work=Single List|access-date=November 25, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tan ka dib, Goo wuxuu dacwad ka dhan ah Choi ugu hanjabay iyada inay sii dayso muuqaal galmo oo iyada ah kaas oo uu duubay iyada oo aan ogolaansho ka haysan isaga oo isku dayaya inuu soo afjaro xirfadeeda,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/dec/03/south-korean-pop-star-and-actor-cha-in-ha-found-dead-aged-27|title=South Korean pop star and actor Cha In Ha found dead aged 27|last=Lanre|first=Bakare|date=December 3, 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=December 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203163911/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/dec/03/south-korean-pop-star-and-actor-cha-in-ha-found-dead-aged-27|archive-date=December 3, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://pop.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=201909050914286820224_1|title=[POP이슈]검찰, 구하라 前 남자친구 최종범 1심 판결 불복…항소장 제출|last=Ahn|first=Tae-hyung|date=August 5, 2019|work=Herald Pop|access-date=November 25, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3054060|title=Public criticizes revenge porn law|author1=Esther Chung|date=October 10, 2018|access-date=December 4, 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204102137/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3054060|archive-date=December 4, 2018|publisher=Korea JoongAng Daily|author2=Hong Ji-yu}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2018/10/251_256831.html|title=Rare jail term given to man in 'revenge porn' case|author=Lee Suh-yoon|date=October 11, 2018|access-date=December 4, 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204151413/https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2018/10/251_256831.html|archive-date=December 4, 2018|publisher=Korea Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo fiidiyowga galmada waxaa loo gudbiyay maxkamadda sida uu codsaday garsooraha, halkaasoo uu si gaar ah ugu xaqiijiyay isagu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://ilyo.co.kr/?ac=article_view&amp;entry_id=354558|date=November 27, 2019|work=Realtime News Media|access-date=November 27, 2019|language=ko|script-title=ko:증거로 채택된 '성관계 동영상' 유출 가능성 정말 없나|archive-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128191654/http://ilyo.co.kr/?ac=article_view&amp;entry_id=354558|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intii lagu guda jiray maxkamadeyntii ugu horeysay ee la qabtay Abriil 18, 2019, Choi wuu beeniyay eedeymaha badankood laakiin wuxuu qirtay inuu isagu masuul ka ahaa kaliya burburka hantida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://star.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/201904181184783504?did=NA&amp;dtype=&amp;dtypecode=&amp;prnewsid=|title='구하라 폭행·협박·몰카 혐의' 최종범, 첫 공판서 핵심 혐의 부인|last=Lee|first=Ho-yeon|date=April 18, 2019|work=HanKook Ilbo|access-date=November 25, 2019|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514085146/http://star.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/201904181184783504?did=NA&amp;dtype=&amp;dtypecode=&amp;prnewsid=|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Meey 26, 2019, Goo wuxuu isku dayay inuu isku dilo gurigeeda isla markiiba waxaa loo qaaday isbitaal, ka dib markii ay ka cudurdaaratay welwelka taageerayaasheeda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=May 26, 2019|script-title=ko:구하라, 극단적 선택 시도…생명 지장 없어 - 스타투데이|url=https://www.mk.co.kr/star/hot-issues/view/2019/05/350418/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526034111/https://www.mk.co.kr/star/hot-issues/view/2019/05/350418/|archive-date=May 26, 2019|access-date=May 26, 2019|website=mk.co.kr|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=May 28, 2019|title=Singer Goo Ha-ra apologizes for suicide attempt|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2019/05/398_269611.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528121423/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2019/05/398_269611.html|archive-date=May 28, 2019|access-date=May 28, 2019|website=The Korea Times|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Ogosto 2019, Choi waxaa lagu waayey dambi ah duubista fiidiyowga galmada ogolaansho la’aan iyada oo maxkamaddu oggolaatay in duubista la sameeyey iyada oo aan ogolaansho laga haysan Goo, laakiin maadaama ay ku sii jirtay xiriirkii waxay ku heshay inuusan dambiile ku ahayn filim duubista sharci darrada ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;trauma&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-50582338|title=Goo Hara and the trauma of South Korea's spy cam victims|date=November 28, 2019|work=BBC|access-date=December 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191201004839/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-50582338|archive-date=December 1, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxaa lagu xukumay hal sano iyo lix bilood oo xarig ah, oo laga joojiyay seddex sano oo tijaabo ah ka dib markii lagu xukumay hanjabaad ah inuu soo rogo fiidiyowga galmada, ku qasbida, ku xadgudubka jirka, iyo burburinta hantida Goo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20191124049951004?input=1195m|title=가수 구하라 자택서 숨진 채 발견…경찰 &quot;사인 조사 중&quot;(종합)|date=November 24, 2019|work=Yonhap News|access-date=November 24, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka dib markii warkeeda fiidiyowgeeda galmada ay noqotay mid fagaara ah, Goo waxay ku heshay cagajugleyn khadka tooska ah ee warbaahinta bulshada, in kasta oo ay tahay dhibbane dambi.&lt;ref name=&quot;trauma&quot; /&gt; Markii la xiray rafcaanka xukunka la hakiyay Luuliyo 2, 2020, Choi waxaa lagu xukumay hal sano oo xabsi ah, iyadoo maxkamaddu sheegtay in Choi &quot;ay si fiican uga warqabtay in heerka dhaawaca uu aad u daran yahay haddii fiidiyowyada galmada la soo daayo, la siiyay in dhibanaha uu ahaa caan caan ah &quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=July 2, 2020|title=Goo Hara suicide: Late K-pop star's ex-boyfriend jailed for sex video blackmail|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/goo-hara-suicide-late-k-pop-stars-ex-boyfriend-jailed-for-sex-video-blackmail|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703035407/http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/goo-hara-suicide-late-k-pop-stars-ex-boyfriend-jailed-for-sex-video-blackmail|archive-date=July 3, 2020|access-date=July 3, 2020|website=The Straits Times|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kooxda dacwad oogista waxay ku cadaadiyeen inay racfaan ka qaataan maxkamada sare xukun ciqaabeed culus 8 Luuliyo 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-07-08|title='故구하라 폭행·협박' 최종범 사건, 대법원行..검찰 상고&quot;보편적 정의 기대&quot;[종합]|url=https://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/07/08/2020070804791.html|access-date=2020-07-09|website=news.chosun.com|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-07-08|title='故 구하라 폭행·협박' 최종범, 대법원 간다...검찰 상고|url=http://www.newspim.com/news/view/20200708001238|access-date=2020-07-09|website=뉴스핌|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Sebtember 23, Choi waxay codsatay dammaanad iyada oo sugeysa go'aanka Maxkamadda Sare ee ku saabsan racfaanka dacwad oogaha ee loo qoondeeyay 15-ka Oktoobar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=[종합]'故 구하라 폭행·협박' 최종범, 대법원에 보석 청구 &quot;구속 풀어 달라&quot;|url=https://www.chosun.com/entertainments/entertain_photo/2020/09/25/W6ZBAUQRZT5VVEE47UIO2BWD3Y/|access-date=2020-09-25|website=www.chosun.com|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-09-25|title='故 구하라 폭행·협박' 최종범, 징역 1년→보석 신청→10월 15일 대법원 선고[종합]|url=http://www.koreadaily.com/news/read.asp?art_id=8690736|access-date=2020-09-25|website=미주중앙일보|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2022-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124081904/http://www.koreadaily.com/news/read.asp?art_id=8690736|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maxkamadda Sare ayaa diidday damaanadkiisa iyadoo sheegtay, &quot;Ma jirto sabab muhiim ah oo dammaanad loogu siiyo Choi Jong-bum. Go'aankan waxaa lagu gaadhay is-afgarad buuxa ee garsoorayaasha maxkamadda sare ee ku lugta lahaa.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-10-08|title=法, 최종범 보석신청 기각…&quot;구속 풀어줄 이유 없다&quot;|url=https://www.dispatch.co.kr/2107434|access-date=2020-10-10|website=Korea Dispatch|language=ko-KR}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maxkamadda Sare waxay taageertay xukunkii halka sano ahaa ee Oktoobar 15, 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ex Boyfriend of Late K-pop Star Goo Ha-ra Gets 1-Year Sentence|url=http://world.kbs.co.kr/service/news_view.htm?lang=e&amp;Seq_Code=156921|access-date=2020-12-28|website=world.kbs.co.kr|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Geerida, baaritaanka iyo xuska ==
Bishii Nofeembar 24, 2019, Hara waxay u dhimatay sababo aan la shaacin, waxaa laga helay iyada oo meyd ah gurigeeda oo ku yaal Cheongdam-dong, Gangnam oo uu maamule ka ahaa,&lt;ref&gt;[https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20191124002951320?section=national/national &quot;(LEAD) Female singer Goo Ha-ra found dead at her home&quot;]. Yonhap News Agency.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://koogle.tv/media/news/breaking-news-goo-hara-found-dead-in-her-home-highlights-pressure-on-female-k-pop-stars/ &quot;*BREAKING NEWS* Goo Hara Found Dead in Her Home, Highlights Pressure on Female K-Pop Stars&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://koogle.tv/media/news/breaking-news-goo-hara-found-dead-in-her-home-highlights-pressure-on-female-k-pop-stars/ |date=20191125210334 }}. ''KoogleTV''.&lt;/ref&gt; iyadoo sababta dhimashada loo xukumay inay tahay ismiidaamin suurto gal ah.&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2019/11/24/2019112401360.html &quot;가수 구하라 자택서 숨진 채 발견...전날 SNS에 &quot;잘자&quot; 셀카 남겨&quot;]. ''Chosun Ilbo''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/reports/amp30039082/k-pop-star-goo-hara-death-sulli/ K-pop star Goo Hara has been found dead aged 28]. ''Cosmopolitan.''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-50535937 K-Pop artist Goo Hara found dead at home aged 28] – BBC&lt;/ref&gt; Booliska ayaa helay warqad isdilid ah oo uu qoray Goo,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/11/25/782567715/stars-have-feelings-we-are-not-dolls-south-korea-mourns-k-pop-star-goo-hara|title='Stars Have Feelings. We Are Not Dolls': South Korea Mourns K-Pop Star Goo Hara|work=[[NPR]]|date=November 25, 2019|access-date=November 25, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;  waxayna ku soo gabagabeysay inaysan jirin wax ciyaar xun ah, sida lagu arkay iyada oo laga duubay muuqaalada CCTV iyadoo ku soo noqonaysa gurigeeda 12:40 am, iyadoo aysan jirin cid kale oo soo booqata marka laga reebo ilaaliyaha guriga oo meydkeeda helay 6 pm ee isla maalintaas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://tenasia.hankyung.com/archives/1863495|last=Noh|first=Kyu-min|date=|work=Ten Asia|access-date=|language=ko|script-title=ko:故 구하라, 부검 NO→유가족에 시신 인계…사건 종결 전망 (종합)|archive-date=2019-11-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127033007/http://tenasia.hankyung.com/archives/1863495|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://devbhoominews.com/category/sports/ '8시 뉴스' 故 구하라 팬들 위한 별도의 조문공간 애도 물결] {{Wayback|url=https://devbhoominews.com/category/sports/ |date=20221007113604 }}. Sports News.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://sports.chosun.com/news/ntype.htm?id=201911260100205570013785&amp;servicedate=20191125|title=故구하라 자필메모 발견…경찰 &quot;유족과 협의해 부검 여부 결정&quot;[종합]|last=Kim|first=Joon-seok|date=November 25, 2019|work=Sports Chosun|access-date=November 25, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Kang|first1=So-hyun|title=경찰, 故 구하라 부검 않기로… &quot;타살혐의점 없어&quot;|url=http://moneys.mt.co.kr/news/mwView.php?no=2019112519408036423|access-date=November 25, 2019|work=MoneyS|date=November 25, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; Baaritaan lagu sameeyay meydka lama sameynin kadib markii booliisku la tashaday xeer ilaaliyaha mas'uulka ka ah tixgalinayana codsiga qoyskeeda,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Choi|first1=Hyun-joo|title=경찰 &quot;故 구하라 부검 않기로 결정&quot;|url=http://star.mt.co.kr/stview.php?no=2019112519423984164|access-date=November 25, 2019|work=Star News|date=November 25, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;  waxaana maydka lagu wareejiyay qoyskeeda 26-kii Nofeembar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://pop.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=201911261645491079536_1|last=Park|first=Seo-hyeon|date=November 26, 2019|work=Herald Pop|access-date=November 26, 2019|language=ko|script-title=ko:[POP이슈]&quot;범죄혐의점無&quot;‥故 구하라, 부검NO→단순변사 사건종결 예정(종합)}}&lt;/ref&gt; Geerida geeridu waxay dhacday bil ka dib markii ay saaxiibteed isku dhawaayeen oo ay isku heyb ahaayeen K-pop-ka [[Sulli]] ay isdileen.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/nov/24/goo-hara-k-pop-singer-found-dead-aged-28|title=K-pop singer Goo Hara found dead aged 28|last=McCurry|first=Justin|date=November 24, 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=November 24, 2019|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Aaska Goo waxaa si gaar ah ugu qabtay Isbitaalka Gangnam Severance xubno ka tirsan qoyskiisa iyo asxaabtiisa,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/goo-ha-ras-death-police-find-a-note-in-her-home-autopsy-yet-to-be-decided|title=Foul play ruled out in Goo Hara's death, police find 'pessimistic' note in her home|last=Loh|first=Keng Fatt|date=November 25, 2019|work=Straits Times|access-date=November 25, 2019|archive-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191129020859/https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/goo-ha-ras-death-police-find-a-note-in-her-home-autopsy-yet-to-be-decided|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; halka xaflad xusuus gooni ah loogu sameeyay taageerayaasha ay ka dhacday Nofeembar 25 - 26 Jaamacadda Katooliga ee Kuuriya Seoul St. Mary ee ku taal Gangnam.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=구하라측, 팬 위한 빈소 서울성모병원 마련…내일까지 조문(종합)|url=https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20191125009651005?input=1195m|access-date=November 25, 2019|work=Yonhap News|date=November 25, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Choi|first1=Hyung-joo|title=故 구하라 조문 일정 변경 &quot;25일 오후 3시부터 26일 밤 12시까지&quot;(공식)|url=http://star.mt.co.kr/stview.php?no=2019112519322739709|access-date=November 25, 2019|work=Star News|date=November 25, 2019|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.sisunnews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=116973|last=Kim|first=Jung-yeon|date=November 27, 2019|work=Sisun News|access-date=November 27, 2019|language=ko|script-title=ko:故 구하라 비공개 발인, 모든 장례 절차 비공개 진행...팬들 위해 장지 공개}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Nofeembar 27, meydka Goo ayaa la gubay meydkeeda waxaa lagu xardhay Bundang, Gyeonggi-do.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://starin.edaily.co.kr/news/newspath.asp?newsid=01502246622689984|last=Yoon|first=Ji-baek|date=November 27, 2019|work=Starin eDaily|access-date=November 27, 2019|language=ko|script-title=ko:구하라 측, 납골당 정보 공개… &quot;조문 못한 분들 위해&quot; [전문]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhimashadeedii kadib, codsi ayaa loo gudbiyay guriga loo yaqaan 'Blue House' (guriga madaxweynaha) oo ay ku saxeexan yihiin in ka badan 200,000 oo qof oo dalbanaya ciqaab aad u daran oo ku saabsan duubista ficillada galmada iyada oo aan oggolaansho la helin oo la qaybiyo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://news1.kr/articles/?3778834|last=Seo|first=Mi-seon|date=November 26, 2019|work=News 1|access-date=November 26, 2019|language=ko|script-title=ko:檢, 구하라 협박에 쓰인 '불법촬영' 웬만하면 구속수사}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://enews24.tving.com/news/article?nsID=1334167|last=Choi|first=Shin-ae|date=November 26, 2019|work=eNews24|access-date=November 26, 2019|language=ko|script-title=ko:&quot;故 구하라, '정준영 단톡방' 진실 규명에 도움 줬다&quot;|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516054348/http://enews24.tving.com/news/article?nsID=1334167|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.sportsworldi.com/newsView/20191126513359|last=Jung|first=Ga-young|date=November 26, 2019|work=SportsWorldi|access-date=November 26, 2019|language=ko|script-title=ko:[SW이슈] 故 구하라, 직접 연락해 '정준영 단톡방' 진실 규명 힘써}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Codsiga dhaxalka iyo dacwada ===
Goo Hara walaalkiis ka weyn, Goo Ho-in, wuxuu bilaabay codsi ah in dib loo eego sharciga dhaxalka Kuuriyada Koofureed, si looga hortago waalid sheegashada dhaxalka haddii ay dayaceen waajibaadkooda waalidnimo, kadib markii ay la soo xiriireen hooyadood kala tageen si ay qayb uga helaan dhaxalka Goo Hara.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=June 4, 2020|title=Goo Hara Act to be relooked after failing to pass|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/goo-hara-act-to-be-relooked-after-failing-to-pass|access-date=June 10, 2020|website=The Straits Times|language=en|archive-date=Bisha Tobnaad 5, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005081627/https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/goo-hara-act-to-be-relooked-after-failing-to-pass|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Codsiga waa lagu guuleystay, ka dib markii la ururiyey 100,000 oo saxiix 30 maalmood gudahood.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; Goo Ho-in ayaa markaa ku riixay sharci dejinta inay soo saaraan sharciga magaca Goo Hara, sida ''Xeerka Goo Hara''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Kwon|first=Ye-rim|date=March 31, 2020|title=Goo Hara's brother pushes for law under her name|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2020/03/30/goo-haras-brother-pushes-for-law-under-her-name.html|access-date=June 10, 2020|publisher=[[The Korea Herald]]|language=en|via=[[The Jakarta Post]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha noqotee, sharciga ayaa ku guuldareystay inuu meel mariyo Golaha Qaranka 20aad, isagoo ku andacoonaya inuu u baahan yahay dib u eegis dheeraad ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; Golaha Qaranka ee 21aad wuxuu sii waday inuu eego sharciga la filayo.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; Fadhigii guud ee la qabtay Diseembar 1, 2020, sharciga dib loo eegay waxaa meel mariyey baarlamanka 21aad ee Qaranka, oo ay weheliyaan 50 biilal kale.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=방탄소년단(BTS) 등 한류스타 입영연기·공무원 구하라법 등 법안 51건 국회 본회의 의결 [종합]|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=144&amp;aid=0000703768|access-date=2020-12-04|website=entertain.naver.com|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sidoo kale Goo Ho-in ayaa dacwad geeyay si looga hor istaago hooyadood in ay raadiso 50% hantida Goo Hara dhaxal ahaan,&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; maadaama sida la sheegay ay gudan weyday waajibaadkeedii waalidnimo ee walaalaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Sharciga dib loo eegay laguma dabaqi doono sheegashada hooyadood, sababo la xiriira sharci kale oo ka hortagaya dib u eegista ku dhaqanka sharciyada cusub ee kiisaska hore.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Aabahood wuxuu sheegashadiisa dhaxalka u gudbiyay Goo Ho-in.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Bishii Diseembar 22, 2020, Maxkamadda Gwangju waxay xukuntay in hooyadood ay heli doonto 40% dhaxalka halka Goo Ho-in uu heli doono inta soo hartay 60%.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Looi|first=Sylvia|title=South Korean court rules K-pop star Goo Hara's estranged mother gets 40pc of late singer's inheritance {{!}} Malay Mail|url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/showbiz/2020/12/22/south-korean-court-rules-k-pop-star-goo-haras-estranged-mother-gets-40pc-of/1934115|access-date=2020-12-27|website=www.malaymail.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;


== Tixraacyada ==

[[Category:Dhibbanayaasha internetka]]
[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya dadka]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]
[[Category:Idolyasha dhedig Koonfur Kuuriya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Joy</title>
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{{Infobox person
|name=Joy
|image=Joy_for_Marie_Claire_Korea_on_October_25th_2022.jpg
|image_upright=1.15
|alt=
|caption=Joy ee 2022
|birth_name=Park Soo-young
|birth_date={{birth date and age|1996|9|3}}
|birth_place=[[Jasiiradda Jeju]], Koonfur Kuuriya
|occupation=
|years_active=2014–hada
|signature=Signature of Red Velvet's Joy.png
|signature_size=
|signature_alt=Signature of Joy
|module={{Infobox musical artist
|embed=yes
| genre           = [[K-pop]]
| instrument      = Cod
| label           = [[SM Entertainment|SM]]
| associated_acts = [[Red Velvet]]&lt;br&gt;SM Town
| website         = [https://www.smtown.com/search?type=&amp;keyword=%EC%A1%B0%EC%9D%B4 Bogga rasmiga ah]
}}
|module2=
}}

'''Park Soo-young''' (waxay dhalatay Sebteembar 3, 1996), oo loo yaqaan magaca masraxa '''Joy''', waa heesaa Koonfur Kuuriya iyo atariisho. Waxay ka soo muuqatay xubin ka mid ah kooxda gabdhaha Kuuriyada Koofureed Red Velvet bishii Ogosto 2014. Marka laga reebo waxqabadyada kooxda, waxay ku yeelatay doorar ee taxanaha telefishanka ''The Liar and His Lover'' (2017) iyo ''[[Tempted]]'' (2018).

== Nolosha shaqsiga ah ==
Park Soo-young waxay ku dhalatay Jasiiradda Jeju waxayna ku kortay Dobong, [[Seoul]].&lt;ref name=&quot;birth&quot;&gt;[http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&amp;mid=sec&amp;sid1=004&amp;oid=366&amp;aid=0000289511 &quot;우리결혼했어요, 사랑스러운 '조이'의 본명은 얼마나 예쁠까?&quot;]. Chosun Biz.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20141018195600/http://redvelvet.smtown.com/profile &quot;Red Velvet Profile&quot;]. SM Entertainment.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://sports.hankooki.com/lpage/entv/201509/sp20150904104943136730.htm &quot;레드벨벳 조이, 주민등록증 사진 공개… &quot;사는 곳이 도봉구?&quot; &quot;]. Hankook Ilbo.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay u weyn tahay seddex gabdhood oo walaalo ah.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150709153518/http://thestar.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2014/09/26/2014092601405.html &quot;레드벨벳 조이 &quot;슬기와 한 방 쓰고 싶은 이유? 잠들면 절대 안 깨&quot; &quot;]. Chosun.com.&lt;/ref&gt; Ilmo ahaan, Joy waxay xiiseyneysay muusigga casriga ah ee casriga ah waxaana saameyn ku yeeshay inay noqoto heesaa ka dib markii lagu ammaano iyada oo loo sameeyay heesta Cherry Filter ee &quot;Flying Duck&quot; intii lagu jiray xafladda dugsiga.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20171026060059/http://www.enewstoday.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=378785 레드벨벳, '아이스크림TV' 방송 앞두고 비글美 발산… '개인기 대방출'].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=레드벨벳, 볼수록 행복해지는 소녀들(인터뷰)|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=421&amp;aid=0000990161|website=News1|language=ko|author=Kwon Soo-bin|date=September 1, 2014|access-date=March 10, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026054240/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=421&amp;aid=0000990161|archive-date=October 26, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Joy ayaa la dhageystay waxaana lagu shubay SM Entertainment at SM Global Audition ee Seoul sanadkii 2012.{{citation needed|date=April 2021}}

Bishii Febraayo 2015, Joy waxay ka qalin jabisay Iskuulka Farshaxanka ee Seoul.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20161018214729/http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/87186/photo-a-pinks-ha-young-red-velvets-joy-baps-zelo-and-more-graduate-from-high-school &quot;A Pink′s Ha Young, Red Velvet′s Joy, B.A.P′s Zelo and More Graduate from High School&quot;]. MWave.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Ogosto 23, 2021, Joy waxaa la xaqiijiyay inay shukaansato heesaaga [[Crush]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=117&amp;aid=0003529625 &lt;nowiki&gt;&quot;조이♥크러쉬, 스타커플 탄생! ... 어쩐지 MV서도 달달했다 [공식입장](종합)&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;]. My Daily.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/celebrities/red-velvet-joy-crush-dating &quot;Confirmed: Red Velvet's Joy and Crush are dating&quot;]. Rappler. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/k-pop/article/3145975/red-velvets-joy-and-korean-rb-singer-crush-are-dating-their-labels &quot;Korea’s new star couple: Red Velvet’s Joy and R&amp;B singer Crush dating&quot;]. South China Morning Post. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/red-velvets-joy-and-singer-crush-confirmed-to-be-dating K-pop girl group Red Velvet's Joy and singer Crush confirmed to be dating].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nme.com/en_asia/news/music/red-velvet-joy-crush-dating-relationship-confirmed-details-3026050?amp Red Velvet's Joy and singer Crush are dating, their agencies confirm - NME].&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shaqo ==

=== 2014–hada: Kulankii ugu horreeyay iyo waxqabadyada kooxda ===
{{See also|Red Velvet}}
[[File:Joy Park performing in December 2014 01.jpg|alt=|left|thumb|287x287px|Joy sanadka 2014]]
Ka dib laba sano oo tababar ah, tababare cod ah ayaa u bixiyay magaca masraxa &quot;Joy&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;birth&quot; /&gt; Joy waxaa si rasmi ah loogu soo bandhigay xubintii afraad ee Red Velvet bishii Luulyo 29, 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=SM, 엑소 이후 2년만의 신인..걸그룹 '레드벨벳' 공개|url=http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1109914877|website=Osen|author=Hwang Mi-hyeon|date=July 28, 2014|access-date=February 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026213645/http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1109914877|archive-date=October 26, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=레드벨벳, 8월 1일 ‘뮤직뱅크’서 대망의 데뷔 무대|url=http://tenasia.hankyung.com/archives/290192|website=TenAsia|language=ko|author=Choi Jin-sil|date=July 30, 2014|access-date=February 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026164431/http://tenasia.hankyung.com/archives/290192|archive-date=October 26, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Red Velvet waxay sameysay kulankoodii ugu horreeyay bishii Ogosto 2014 iyagoo wata hal heel dijitaal ah &quot;Happiness&quot;.  Intii lagu guda jiray kor u qaadiddooda, kooxdu waxay isu aasaaseen inay yihiin mid ka mid ah kuwa caanka ah ee ugu awoodda badan Koonfurta Kuuriya ee ''Forbes'' ee 2018&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=[2018 대한민국 셀러브리티(8)] 한국 연예계의 세대교체|url=http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/320595|website=JoongAng Ilbo|language=ko|author=Yang Mi-sun|date=March 23, 2018|access-date=August 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225171946/http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/320595|archive-date=December 25, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo 2019,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=포브스코리아 선정 2019 파워 셀러브리티 40|url=http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/325767|website=JoongAng Ilbo|language=ko|author=Oh Seung-il|date=April 23, 2019|access-date=August 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502123542/http://jmagazine.joins.com/forbes/view/325767|archive-date=May 2, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  oo waxay ku heleen sumcad caalami ah Billboard ku saabsan iyaga oo ka mid ah kooxaha K-pop-ka ugu caansan adduunka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The 100 Greatest K-Pop Songs of the 2010s: Staff List|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/list/8544710/best-k-pop-songs-2010s-top-100|website=Billboard|date=November 25, 2019|access-date=January 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128190649/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/list/8544710/best-k-pop-songs-2010s-top-100|archive-date=November 28, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== [[2015]]–[[2020]]: Hawlaha kali ah ===
Bishii Juun 2015, Joy waxay u muuqatay xilli afaraad ''We Got Married'', halkaas oo ay ku lamaanayd xubinta BtoB Yook Sung-jae.&lt;ref name=&quot;wgm&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Red Velvet Joy Revealed as BTOB Yook Sung Jae′s ′We Got Married′ Partner|url=http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/93524/red-velvet-joy-revealed-as-btob-yook-sung-jaes-we-got-married-partner|website=Mnet|author=Grace Danbi Hong|date=June 3, 2015|access-date=August 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212091553/http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/93524/red-velvet-joy-revealed-as-btob-yook-sung-jaes-we-got-married-partner|archive-date=February 12, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=MBC연예대상2015 조이 뉴스타상 받고 육성재에게 &quot;오빠 나 상 받았어&quot;|url=http://chicnewsm.mk.co.kr/article.php?aid=145139435588323006#_adinctep|website=Chic News|language=ko|author=Choi Min-ji|date=December 29, 2015|access-date=December 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026213511/http://chicnewsm.mk.co.kr/article.php?aid=145139435588323006#_adinctep|archive-date=October 26, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Joy sidoo kale waxay soo saartay hees wada jir ah oo leh Yook oo cinwaankeedu yahay &quot;Young Love&quot; bishii Abriil 2016 .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='우결' 측 &quot;조이♥육성재, '어린애(愛)' 뮤비+음원 16일 공개&quot;|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=382&amp;aid=0000466915|website=Sports Donga|language=ko|author=Hong Se-young|date=April 15, 2016|access-date=April 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414081127/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=382&amp;aid=0000466915|archive-date=April 14, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bixitaanka May 2016, waxay ku caan baxeen inuu yahay mid ka mid ah lamaanayaashii ugu waqtiga dheeraa uguna caansanaa Taariikhda Waxaan Guursanay..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='우결4' 육성재조이, 아주 특별한 이별 콘서트|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=076&amp;aid=0002928633|website=Sports Chosun|language=ko|author=Jeong Yu-na|date=May 7, 2016|access-date=May 7, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806142722/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=076&amp;aid=0002928633|archive-date=August 6, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='우결' 육성재조이, 눈물로 11개월 마무리 &quot;쀼 안녕&quot;|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0000605199|website=X-sports News|language=ko|author=Park So-hyun|date=May 7, 2016|access-date=May 7, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806142131/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0000605199|archive-date=August 6, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='우결' 쀼커플 조이-육성재, 이별 앞두고 폭탄 고백|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=382&amp;aid=0000471597|website=Sports Donga|language=ko|author=Jeong Hee-yeon|date=May 6, 2016|access-date=May 7, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928091624/https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=382&amp;aid=0000471597|archive-date=April 14, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Nofeembar 2016, Joy wuxuu iskaashi la yeeshay Lim Seul-ong hees cinwaankeedu yahay &quot;Always In My Heart&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=임슬옹♥조이, 애틋하게 사랑스런 케미..'이별을 배웠어'|url=https://entertain.naver.com/topic/999390/999390/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003426374|website=Osen|language=ko|author=Seon Mi-kyeong|date=November 4, 2016|access-date=November 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731065425/http://entertain.naver.com/topic/999390/999390/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003426374|archive-date=July 31, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=레드벨벳 조이, 듀엣장인 임슬옹을 만나다|url=http://pop.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=201611041308187423666_1|website=Herald Pop|language=ko|author=Hwang Su-yeon|date=November 4, 2016|access-date=February 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130514/http://pop.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=201611041308187423666_1|archive-date=December 25, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2016년 46주차 Download Chart|url=http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&amp;serviceGbn=S1020&amp;targetTime=46&amp;hitYear=2016&amp;termGbn=week|website=Gaon Chart|language=ko|date=November 6–12, 2016|access-date=November 19, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206020945/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?serviceGbn=S1020&amp;termGbn=week&amp;hitYear=2016&amp;targetTime=46&amp;nationGbn=T|archive-date=February 6, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=[SS차트] '가을 감성 저격' 슬옹·조이, 음원차트 상위권 안착|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=468&amp;aid=0000208038|website=Sports Seoul|language=ko|author=Kim Soo-hyun|date=November 4, 2016|access-date=April 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414081627/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=468&amp;aid=0000208038|archive-date=April 14, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:171202_멜론_뮤직_어워즈_레드벨벳_(3).jpg|alt=|left|thumb|250x250px|Joy inta lagu guda jiro waxqabadka Red Velvet ee 2017 MMA]]
2017, Joy waxay sameysay jilitaankeedii ugu horeeyay iyada oo ah haweeney hogaamineysa ''The Liar and His Lover.''&lt;ref name=&quot;liar-lover&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=레드벨벳 조이, 연기돌 변신…SM 측 &quot;'그녀는 거짓말~' 출연 확정|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0000693327|website=X-sports News|language=ko|author=Park So-hyun|date=January 13, 2017|access-date=January 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414082005/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0000693327|archive-date=April 14, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Lee Hyun-woo, Red Velvet's Joy to star in 'She Loves Lie So Much'|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201701131720461185332_2|website=The Korea Herald|author=Kim So-yeon|date=January 13, 2017|access-date=January 16, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130516/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201701131720461185332_2|archive-date=December 25, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=‘그녀는 거짓말을 너무 사랑해’, 가창력의 주인공을 찾아라|url=http://sports.donga.com/3/all/20161216/81881713/1|website=Sports Donga|language=ko|author=Baek Sol-mi|date=December 17, 2016|access-date=February 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211235705/http://sports.donga.com/3/all/20161216/81881713/1|archive-date=February 11, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Joy wuxuu soo saaray dhowr heesood oo taxane ah: &quot;Yeowooya&quot;, &quot;I'm Okay&quot;, &quot;Your Days&quot;, &quot;Shiny Boy&quot;, &quot;Waiting For You&quot;, iyo &quot;The Way to Me&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=레드벨벳 조이, 두번째 '그거너사' OST에 이현우 랩 피처링 '케미 터진다'|url=http://news.nate.com/view/20170325n04853?mid=n0107|website=Sports World|language=ko|author=Kim Jae-won|date=March 25, 2017|access-date=May 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130517/https://news.nate.com/view/20170325n04853?mid=n0107|archive-date=December 25, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;osen-awards&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title='제2회 더 서울어워즈', 소녀시대 서현-레드벨벳 조이 인기상 두고 각축전|url=http://www.stardailynews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=216732|website=Star Daily News|language=ko|author=Cheon Sul-hwa|date=October 5, 2018|access-date=April 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130524/http://www.stardailynews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=216732|archive-date=December 25, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Luulyo 2017, Joy waxay kaqeyb gashay showgii heesaha ee ''King of Mask Singer'', halkaas oo ay ugudubtay wareega xiga ee tartanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title='복면가왕' 파워디바 영희, 新 가왕 등극…아기해마는 케이윌 [종합]|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003587924|website=Osen|language=ko|author=Jang Jin-ri|date=July 30, 2017|access-date=June 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414082635/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003587924|archive-date=April 14, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 2018, Joy waxay sameysay booskeedii ugu horeeyay ee martigelin iyada oo ah martigeliyaha xilli-ciyaareedkii labaad ee ''Sugar Man''.&lt;ref name=&quot;sms2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Kang Seojeong|title=레드벨벳 조이X박나래, '슈가맨2' 합류확정..투유와 호흡|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003678440|work=OSEN|date=December 11, 2017|access-date=December 13, 2017|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130517/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003678440|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2018, Joy ayaa jilay taxanaha ''Tempted'', oo si dabacsan ugu saleysan sheeko faneedka Faransiiska ee Les Liaisons dangereuses, waxayna u duubtay hees loogu magac daray &quot;OMG!&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2018/04/18/2018041800608.html|title='Tempted' Joy, Now The Immaculate 'Actress Park Sooyoung'|date=April 18, 2018|website=news.chosun.com|language=ko|access-date=April 23, 2020|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130528/https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2018/04/18/2018041800608.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Kang Seojeong|script-title=ko:위대한 유혹자’ 출연확정 ‘대세들의 만남|url=http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1110803382|work=OSEN|date=December 28, 2017|access-date=January 2, 2018|language=ko|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130530/http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1110803382|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;gt&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201712281721028194159_2|title=Red Velvet's Joy, Woo Do-hwan to star in new drama 'Great Temptation'|date=December 28, 2017|work=Kpop Herald|access-date=December 28, 2017|archive-date=December 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228092029/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201712281721028194159_2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=MBC Drama Awards 2018 소지섭 '데뷔 23년 만에 첫 대상'(mbc연기대상)[포토엔HD]|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=609&amp;aid=0000038901|access-date=January 25, 2019|website=entertain.naver.com|language=ko|archive-date=December 31, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181231092413/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=609&amp;aid=0000038901|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.stardailynews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=216732|title=The 2nd Seoul Awards Red Velvet Joy|date=October 5, 2018|website=Star Daily News|access-date=December 12, 2018|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130529/http://www.stardailynews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=216732|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Luulyo 2018, Joy waxaa loo doortay mid ka mid ah martigaliyayaasha ''Pajama Friends'', oo ay weheliyaan Song Ji-hyo iyo Jang Yoon-ju.&lt;ref&gt;Ha Su Jeong.[http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1110969593 B'파자마 프렌즈' 송지효x장윤주x조이x성소, 4MC 확정..8월 첫촬영] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821223409/http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1110969593|date=August 21, 2018}} ''OSEN'', July 17, 2018. Retrieved August 22, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Joy_Red_Velvet_in_2019.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Joy horaanta 2019]]
Bishii Janaayo 2019, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in Farxadda loo doortay inay noqoto martigeliyaha ugu weyn ee bandhigga quruxda ''Get It Beauty.''&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://fba.kcforum.co.kr/|title=대한민국 퍼스트브랜드 대상|website=fba.kcforum.co.kr|access-date=November 6, 2019|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130538/http://fba.kcforum.co.kr/2021/index.php|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=312&amp;aid=0000368585|title=레드벨벳 조이, '겟잇뷰티 2019' 메인 MC 합류…뷰티 프로그램 첫 도전|website=entertain.naver.com|language=ko|access-date=January 25, 2019|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130543/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=312&amp;aid=0000368585|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://abk.kcforum.co.kr/|title=올해의 브랜드 대상|website=abk.kcforum.co.kr|access-date=May 30, 2019|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130541/http://abk.kcforum.co.kr/2020/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Diseembar 2019, Joy waxay ka mid noqotay bandhigga ciyaaraha, Handsome Tigers, iyadoo maamule ka ah kooxda Koleyga Seo Jang-hoon oo ka kooban dad caan ah sida Lee Sang-yoon iyo Cha Eun-woo.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://mosen.mt.co.kr/article/G1111270703|title=서장훈, 농구예능 직접 론칭..이상윤·차은우·김승현·유선호 등 확정 [공식]|last=OSEN|date=December 2, 2019|website=mosen.mt.co.kr|language=ko|access-date=December 3, 2019|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130626/http://mosen.mt.co.kr/article/G1111270703|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:ht&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/117/0003321296|title=[MD포토] 레드벨벳 조이 '행복한 핸섬타이거즈 매니저'|last=Naver|date=January 9, 2020|website=Naver|language=ko|access-date=January 19, 2020|archive-date=October 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021124549/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/117/0003321296|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;

Bishii Maarso 2020, Joy ayaa soo daayay heesta &quot;Introduce Me a Good Person&quot; taxanaha telefishanka ''Hospital Playlist''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=레드벨벳 조이, tvN 드라마 '슬기로운 의사생활' OST 주인공 - 경남데일리|url=http://www.kndaily.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=148141|access-date=March 21, 2020|website=www.kndaily.co.kr|language=ko|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130541/http://www.kndaily.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=148141|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Introduce Me A Good Person - Korean Chart (Peak Positions)|url=https://twitter.com/joysooyoungpics/status/1262368563311988736|access-date=2020-10-29|website=Twitter|language=en|archive-date=May 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518131740/https://twitter.com/joysooyoungpics/status/1262368563311988736|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Joy|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/joy/chart-history/KPO/song/1197366|access-date=April 23, 2020|website=Billboard|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130557/https://www.billboard.com/music/joy/chart-history/KPO/song/1197366|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Gaon Chart Week 21 (2020) 2020년 21주차 Digital Chart 국내 대표 음악 차트 가온차트! 2020.05.17~2020.05.23|url=http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&amp;serviceGbn=ALL&amp;targetTime=21&amp;hitYear=2020&amp;termGbn=week|access-date=2020-11-01|website=gaonchart.co.kr|archive-date=June 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611141808/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&amp;serviceGbn=ALL&amp;targetTime=21&amp;hitYear=2020&amp;termGbn=week|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Gaon Digital Chart 국내 대표 음악 차트 가온차트!|url=http://gaonchart.co.kr/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-03-06|website=gaonchart.co.kr|archive-date=June 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606081701/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Abriil 2020, Joy wuxuu ku xigay oo uu kaqeyb qaatay fannaaniin caan ah oo reer Kuuriya ah mashruuca iskaashiga badan ee &quot;Evergreen Tree&quot; si loo taageero xirfadlayaal caafimaad inta lagu gudajiray [[Korona fayras|cudurkii faafa ee KOVID-19]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=코로나19 속 '4·19 혁명' 60주년 기념식…200명만 참석|url=https://n.news.naver.com/article/421/0004593569|access-date=September 16, 2020|website=n.news.naver.com|language=ko|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130622/https://n.news.naver.com/article/421/0004593569|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Crush X Joy, Top of the Charts Ranking 1st for New Song &quot;Mayday&quot;|url=https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/05/21/2020052100752.html|access-date=September 17, 2020|website=www.chosun.com|language=ko|archive-date=October 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028210410/https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/05/21/2020052100752.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=크러쉬X조이, 믿고 듣는 꿀케미 '자나깨나' 주요 음원 차트 1위|url=https://www.insight.co.kr/news/284948|date=May 21, 2020|website=인사이트|language=ko|access-date=May 22, 2020|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130610/https://www.insight.co.kr/news/284948|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=2020 MAMA Nominees - Nominees for KPOP Star songs &amp; album {{!}} Mwave|url=http://mama.mwave.me/en/|access-date=2020-10-31|website=mama.mwave.me|language=en|archive-date=November 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117030634/https://mama.mwave.me/en/main|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=30th Seoul Music Awards|url=https://seoulmusicawards.com/|access-date=2020-12-17|website=seoulmusicawards.com|language=en|archive-date=December 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216150803/https://seoulmusicawards.com/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:103&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=2020 지니 뮤직 어워드|url=http://genie.co.kr/8QD2J0|access-date=2020-12-03|website=genie.co.kr|language=ko|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130613/https://promotion.genie.co.kr/promotion/2020genie/artist|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2021–hada: ''Hello'' ===
Markay ahayd 12-kii Maajo, 2021, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in Joy ay ka dhigi doonto keli rasmi ah oo rasmi ah iyada oo leh album gaar ah oo ka kooban 6 heesood oo dib loo farsameeyay sanadihii 1990-meeyadii ilaa 2000-meeyadii.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=SM 측 &quot;레드벨벳 조이 리메이크 앨범 준비 중&quot;(공식입장)|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=609&amp;aid=0000440120|date=May 12, 2021|website=Newsen|language=ko|access-date=May 12, 2021|url-status=live|archive-date=May 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210526095815/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=609&amp;aid=0000440120}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=SM 측 &quot;레드벨벳 조이 리메이크 앨범 준비 중&quot;(공식입장)|url=https://entertain.v.daum.net/v/cXyiYfvetD|access-date=2021-05-12|website=다음뉴스|language=ko|archive-date=May 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210526120823/https://entertain.v.daum.net/v/cXyiYfvetD|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Albumkii ugu horreeyay ee Joy ''[[Hello]]'' wuxuu soo baxay 31-kii Maajo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=May 17, 2021|title=레드벨벳 조이, 31일 스페셜 앨범 발매…데뷔 첫 솔로 [공식입장]|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0001299140|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517005743/https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0001299140|archive-date=May 17, 2021|access-date=May 17, 2021|website=Xportsnews|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Park Seo-yeon|date=May 21, 2021|title=레드벨벳 조이, 26일 스페셜 앨범 수록곡 'Je T'aime' 음원 선공개(공식)|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=112&amp;aid=0003435816|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521031907/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=112&amp;aid=0003435816|archive-date=May 21, 2021|access-date=May 21, 2021|website=Herald Pop|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=JOY 1st place, 'Hello' tops 26 regions on iTunes 조이 1위, '안녕' 아이튠즈 26개 지역 정상 [공식]|url=https://entertain.v.daum.net/v/cOKKwcd7CI|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-17|website=다음뉴스|language=ko|archive-date=June 23, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623081909/https://entertain.v.daum.net/v/cOKKwcd7CI}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=국내 대표 음악 차트 가온차트!|url=http://gaonchart.co.kr/|access-date=2021-06-17|website=gaonchart.co.kr|archive-date=January 21, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170121052505/http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=빌보드코리아(Billboard Korea)|url=http://billboard.co.kr/chart/week/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=billboard.co.kr|language=ko|archive-date=December 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202013414/http://billboard.co.kr/chart/week/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Juun 2021, waxaa la xaqiijiyay in Joy ay ku soo laaban doonto jilitaanka taxane cinwaan looga dhigay ''[[The One and Only|Only One Person]].''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=레드벨벳 조이, JTBC '한사람만' 주인공 확정…드라마 컴백 [공식]|url=https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/117/0003505754|access-date=2021-06-17|website=n.news.naver.com|language=ko|archive-date=June 23, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623081910/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/117/0003505754|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muuqaalka dadweynaha ==
[[File:Joy Park Dream Concert.jpg|alt=|left|thumb|228x228px|Joy ee 2019 [[Dream Concert]]]]
In 2019, Joy wuxuu kujiray liiska sanadlaha ah ee Gallup Kuuriya ee ugu sareeya 20 Fanaaniinta ugu Caansan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=한국갤럽조사연구소|url=https://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=1072|access-date=June 25, 2020|website=www.gallup.co.kr|archive-date=January 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200108053337/https://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=1072|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Baadhitaan kale oo lagu sameeyay askarta ka shaqeysa waajibaadka milatari ee Kuuriyada Koofureed, Joy waxaa lagu qiimeeyay gabadha shanaad ee haweenka ugu caansan K-pop-ka.&lt;ref name=&quot;soldiers&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Sana de Twice es elegida la cantante más popular por los soldados de Corea del Sur|url=https://larepublica.pe/cultura-asiatica/2019/11/09/sana-minatozaki-de-twice-es-escogida-la-idol-de-k-pop-favorita-de-los-soldados-de-corea-del-sur/|website=[[La República]]|access-date=June 13, 2020|language=es|date=November 10, 2019|archive-date=November 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109235625/https://larepublica.pe/cultura-asiatica/2019/11/09/sana-minatozaki-de-twice-es-escogida-la-idol-de-k-pop-favorita-de-los-soldados-de-corea-del-sur/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadka 2019, waxaa xaqiijiyey K-pop Radar in xisaabta Instagram ee Joy ee _imyour_joy ay lahayd taageerayaasha ugu badan ee Instagram ka mid ah gabdhaha farshaxannada ah ee K-pop-ka ee koontadooda furay sannadka 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-12-16|title=Cha Eun Woo And Joy Are K-POP Idols With Most New Instagram Followers This Year|url=http://www.bbangyanews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=311|access-date=2021-06-17|website=빵야뉴스|language=ko|archive-date=June 23, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623081916/https://deepdive.zum.com/widget/starter.js|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Joy sidoo kale waxay dhowr jeer kor u kacday &quot;Shakhsiyaadka Kooxda Shakhsiyaadka ah ee Sharafta Awoodda&quot; oo ay daabacday Machadka Cilmi-baarista Sumcadda Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/311/0001112532|title=Archived copy|access-date=April 19, 2020|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130719/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/311/0001112532|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/311/0001101137|title=Archived copy|access-date=April 19, 2020|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130606/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/311/0001101137|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=April 22, 2020|title=레드벨벳 조이, 높은 소통지수 보이며 '톱3' 유지 ... 2020년 4월 걸그룹 개인 브랜드평판 3위|url=http://www.futurekorea.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=132256|access-date=April 23, 2020|website=미래한국 Weekly|language=ko|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130611/http://www.futurekorea.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=132256|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Febraayo 2020, Joy waxaa lagu casuumay marti ahaan Michael Kors si uu uga qeyb galo Toddobaadka Fashion-ka ee New York, ''[[Vogue]]''-na wuxuu ugu yeeray Joy &quot;mid ka mid ah xiddigaha ugu quruxda badan K-pop&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Okwodu|first=Janelle|title=Red Velvet Singer Joy’s Fashion Week Debut Was Extra Sweet|url=https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/red-velvet-joy-michael-kors-fall-2020-diary|access-date=2020-11-13|website=Vogue|language=en-us|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130611/https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/red-velvet-joy-michael-kors-fall-2020-diary|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Fannaanad ahaan, codka Joy wuxuu ammaan ka helay soosaarayaal iyo fannaaniin kala duwan oo uu ka mid yahay laxamiistaha Hwang Hyun&lt;ref name=&quot;:83&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=April 8, 2020|title=모노트리 황현 &quot;온앤오프 진심·간절함 이끌려 프로듀싱&quot;(인터뷰②)[스타메이커]|url=https://entertain.v.daum.net/v/20200408103021254|access-date=May 8, 2020|website=다음 연예|language=ko|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130612/https://entertain.v.daum.net/v/20200408103021254|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo heesaa Crush, oo sheegtay &quot;waxay heshay codkii ugu quruxda badnaa ee aan macquul aheyn in la badalo&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:93&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=May 21, 2020|title=Crush Releases New Song 'Mayday' Featuring Red Velvet's Joy|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/9387426/crush-mayday-featuring-joy-listen|access-date=May 22, 2020|website=Billboard|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130614/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/9387426/crush-mayday-featuring-joy-listen|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:103&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Melon|url=https://m.app.melon.com/pda/msvc/snsGatePage.jsp?type=mmatopten&amp;f=w&amp;sId=|access-date=July 14, 2020|website=MMA Top 10 Artist Bonsang Nominees|language=ko|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130617/https://www.melon.com/melonaward/top10.htm?artistId=&amp;ref=|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{clear}}

== Hawlo kale ==

=== Ogolaansho ===
Joy, oo leh Yook Sung-jae bishii Luulyo 2018, waxaa loo magacaabay dhiirrigeliye cusub iyo ansaxiyaha cabitaanka Lotte ''Fitz''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=BTOB's Yook Sungjae And Red Velvet's Joy Named As Models For Fitz 롯데주류, '피츠 수퍼클리어' 모델에 조이·육성재 발탁|url=http://www.dt.co.kr/contents.html?article_no=2018070402109932817014|access-date=October 25, 2019|website=www.dt.co.kr|language=ko|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130613/http://www.dt.co.kr/contents.html?article_no=2018070402109932817014|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Meey 2019, eSpoir, oo ka mid ah shirkadaha isku qurxiya Koonfurta Kuuriya ee Amore Pacific, ayaa u doortay Joy inay noqdaan matxafkooda rasmiga ah ee qurxinta iyo waxyaabaha maqaarka lagu qurxiyo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|script-title=ko:'더위날리는 상큼함'…조이, 과즙미 터지는 비주얼|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=117&amp;aid=0003221734|access-date=May 27, 2019|website=entertain.naver.com|language=ko|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130614/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=117&amp;aid=0003221734|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:20191002 조이.png|alt=|left|thumb|228x228px|Joy sanadka 2020]]
In 2020, Joy wuxuu noqday wejiga Aveda Koonfur Kuuriya, oo ay leedahay Estée Lauder, iyada oo calaamaddu ay soo xiganeyso sawirka wanaagsan ee Joy ee dhinacyada kala duwan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=January 2, 2020|title=아베다, 2020년 새로운 공식 모델 레드벨벳 조이 발탁!|url=http://m.anewsa.com/article_sub3.php?number=2042778|access-date=January 2, 2020|website=m.anewsa.com|archive-date=March 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325083824/https://m.anewsa.com/article_sub3.php?number=2042778|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Febraayo 2021, Joy wuxuu noqday dhiirrigeliye astaanta raaxada ee Talyaaniga, Hogan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=SM Entertainment|url=https://www.smentertainment.com/PressCenter/Details/5625|access-date=2021-02-28|website=www.smentertainment.com|archive-date=April 22, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422050409/https://www.smentertainment.com/PressCenter/Details/5625|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Tabaruc ===
Bishii Febraayo 2020, Joy wuxuu ugu deeqay 10 milyan si loogu caawiyo loona taageero kuwa ay saameeyeen KOVID-19 ee ka dilaacay Koonfurta Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=February 28, 2020|title=레드벨벳 슬기-조이-예리, 코로나19 확산방지 위해 3천만원 기부(공식)|url=http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=202002281117102410|access-date=March 21, 2020|website=레드벨벳 슬기-조이-예리, 코로나19 확산방지 위해 3천만원 기부(공식) - 손에 잡히는 뉴스 눈에 보이는 뉴스 - 뉴스엔|language=ko|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225130620/https://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=202002281117102410|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Filmography ==

== Tixraacyada ==

[[Category:Atariishayasha telefishanka Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya dadka]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]
[[Category:Xubnaha Red Velvet]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]
[[Category:Idolyasha dhedig Koonfur Kuuriya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jessica Jung</title>
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      <text bytes="32305" sha1="e8lsehwifwabs0wi2lfdb93x6dxn39c" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Jessica Jung|image=Jessica at the Sephora Store Opening Event in October 2019 1.png|image_upright=1.15|landscape=|alt=Jessica in black dress at Sephora Store event in October 2019|caption=Jessica ee 2019|birth_name=Jessica Sooyoun Jung|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1989|04|18}}|birth_place=San Francisco, Kalifornia, Mareykanka|nationality=Kuuriya-Mareykan|occupation=|signature=|signature_alt=|module={{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| origin          = Koonfur Kuuriya
| genre           = [[K-pop]]
| instrument      = Cod
| years_active    = 2007–hada
| label           = [[SM Entertainment|SM]]&lt;br&gt; [[Coridel Entertainment|Coridel]]&lt;br&gt;[[United Talent Agency|UTA]]
| associated_acts = [[Girls' Generation]]&lt;br&gt;[[Krystal Jung]]&lt;br&gt;[[SM Town]]
| website         = 
}}|module2=}}

'''Jessica Jung'''&lt;ref name=&quot;legalname&quot;&gt;[http://star.ettoday.net/news/977508?t=Jessica%E9%9A%B1%E8%97%8F10%E5%B9%B4%E5%85%AC%E4%BD%88%EF%BC%81%E3%80%80%E3%80%8C%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AC%E5%90%8D%E5%85%B6%E5%AF%A6%E4%B8%8D%E6%98%AF%E9%84%AD%E7%A7%80%E5%A6%8D%E3%80%8D &quot;Jessica隱藏10年公佈！「我的本名其實不是鄭秀妍」&quot;]. ETNEWS.&lt;/ref&gt; (dhashay '''Jessica Sooyoun Jung''' Abriil 18, 1989),&lt;ref name=&quot;californiabirthindex&quot;&gt;[https://www.californiabirthindex.org/birth/jessica_sooyoun_jung_born_1989_19263553 &quot;The birth of Jessica Jung&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.californiabirthindex.org/birth/jessica_sooyoun_jung_born_1989_19263553 |date=20180828042457 }}. ''Kalifornia Birth Index''.&lt;/ref&gt; sidoo kale loo yaqaan magaca kelmada ah '''Jessica''',&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[http://people.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=nexearch&amp;sm=tab_ppn&amp;query=%EC%A0%9C%EC%8B%9C%EC%B9%B4&amp;os=145075&amp;ie=utf8&amp;key=PeopleService 제시카 :: 네이버 인물검색]&lt;/bdi&gt;. people.search.naver.com.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.hancinema.net/korean_Jessica.php &quot;Jessica (제시카, American musical actor/ress, actress, singer)&quot;]. HanCinema.&lt;/ref&gt; waa heesaa-Mareykan-Koonfur Kuuriya ah, atariisho, iyo ganacsato caan ku ah shaqadeeda gabdho hore xubin ka ahaa [[Girls' Generation]]. Atariisho ahaan, Jung waxay Elle Woods ku soo bandhigtay muusigga ''Legally Blonde'' ee 2010 waxayna door ku yeelatay taxanaha telefishanka ee ''Wild Romance'' ee 2012. Horraantii 2014, waxay aasaastay astaanta moodada, [[Blanc &amp; Eclare]].  Dabayaaqadii sanadkaas, waxay uga hartay Girls' Generation sababo la xiriira isku dhacyo u dhexeeya jadwalka kooxda iyo dhaqdhaqaaqyadeeda ganacsi.  Markii ay tagtay ka dib, Jessica waxay soo afjartay qandaraaskeedii [[SM Entertainment]] waxayna la saxeexatay [[Coridel Entertainment]] sanadkii 2016, ka hor intaan la sii dayn albumkeedii ugu horreeyay ee ''With Love, J''. Bishii Maajo 2018, Jessica waxay heshiis la gashay [[United Talent Agency]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8454995/jessica-jung-girls-generation-signs-uta &quot;Jessica Jung, Formerly of Girls' Generation, Signs With Talent Agency UTA&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;  Riwaayadeedii ugu iibsiga badneyd ee ''[[Shine]]'' waxaa la sii daayay Sebtember 2020.&lt;ref&gt;admin. [https://www.en24.news/2020/10/shine-by-ex-snsd-jessica-enters-the-new-york-times-best-sellers.html &quot;Shine, by ex-SNSD Jessica, enters the New York Times Best Sellers | En24 News&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.en24.news/2020/10/shine-by-ex-snsd-jessica-enters-the-new-york-times-best-sellers.html |date=20201009012024 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolosha hore ==
Jessica Jung waxay ku dhalatay San Francisco.&lt;ref name=&quot;NYer&quot;&gt;[http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2012/10/08/factory-girls-2 Factory Girls: Cultural technology and the making of K-pop] [https://web.archive.org/web/20190724200424/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2012/10/08/factory-girls-2 Lagu keydiyey] Luulyo 24, 2019, Mashiinka Wayback ''Newyorker.com'' (Oktoobar 8, 2012). Waxaa dib loo helay 27-kii Luulyo, 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;  Intii ay fasaxa ku joogeen Kuuriyada Koonfureed, iyada iyo walaasheed, [[Krystal Jung|Krystal]], ayaa lagu arkay goob laga dukaameysto oo ay xubin ka tahay SM Entertainment; markii dambena waxay ku soo biirtay shirkadda sanadkii 2000.&lt;ref&gt;Chosun.com: [http://choen.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/02/18/2009021800465.html 제시카, &quot;관객 앞에서의 제 목소리에 감동했어요&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://choen.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/02/18/2009021800465.html |date=20110708150331 }}.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay ku qaadatay toddobo sano tababar ahaan ka hor intaanay u soo bandhigin qayb ka mid ah kooxda gabdhaha Girls' Generation. Jessica waxay dhigan jirtay iskuulka Korea Kent Foreigno inta lagu gudajiray sanadooyinkeeda kaladuwan.&lt;ref name=&quot;NYer&quot; /&gt;

== Shaqo ==

=== 2007–2014: Girls' Generation iyo waxqabadyada kelida ah ===
[[File:Jessica(SNSD) in 2009.jpg|alt=|left|thumb|275x275px|Jung sanadka 2009]]
Jessica waxay ahayd xubinta uguhoreysa waxa noqon doona Girls' Generation inay la saxiixato SM Entertainment sanadkii 2000. Sanadkii 2007, waxaa loo doortay inay xubin ka noqoto koox gabdho ah oo ka kooban sagaal xubnood kuwaas oo soo baxay bishii Ogosto 5, 2007. Hawlaheeda kooxeed ka sokow, Jessica waxay soo saartay laba heesood oo ay la socoto Seohyun iyo [[Tiffany Young|Tiffany]]: &quot;Love Hate&quot; ({{ko-hhrm|&quot;오빠 나빠&quot;}})&lt;ref&gt;{{in lang|ko}} Kim Hyeong-wu. [http://isplus.joins.com/article/article.html?aid=1094530 소녀시대 티파니 &quot;'오빠나빠' 활동 당시 성대 결절 고생&quot; (''Girls' Generation's Tiffany: &quot;'Bad Older Brother' Activities Were Difficult on Vocal Nodules&quot;'')] {{Wayback|url=http://isplus.joins.com/article/article.html?aid=1094530 |date=20110713120458 }}. ''[[JoongAng Ilbo]]''/''Newsen''. February 16, 2009. Retrieved February 26, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt; iyo &quot;Mabinogi (It's Fantastic!)&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{in lang|ko}} [https://archive.is/20120709234714/http://isplus.joins.com/article/article.html?aid=985744 소녀시대 티파니 제시카 서현 게임 주제가 신곡 발표] (''Girls' Generation's Tiffany/Jessica/Seohyun Announce Game Theme Song as New Single''). ''[[JoongAng Ilbo|IS Plus]]''/''Newsen''. August 1, 2008. Retrieved May 4, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt; Jessica waxay iskaashi la yeelatay 8Eight heesta &quot;I Love You&quot; oo ka timid albumkooda labaad, ''Infinity'', kaasoo la sii daayay 3-dii Maarso 2008.&lt;ref&gt;Chung Ah-young. [https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2009/09/135_51953.html 'Legally Blonde' Sparkles With Starry Cast] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118092618/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2009/09/135_51953.html|date=November 18, 2015}}. ''[[The Korea Times]]''. September 16, 2009. Retrieved February 22, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/10/31/2009103100199.html 3 Starts to Share Lead in 'Legally Blonde' Musical] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308094256/http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/10/31/2009103100199.html|date=March 8, 2010}}. ''[[The Chosun Ilbo]]''. October 31, 2009. Retrieved February 22, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Jessica_Jung_at_MBC_Gayo_Daejejeon_2013_02.jpg|alt=|left|thumb|Jessica oo xubin ka ah Girls' Generation ee 2013.]]
Bishii Maarso 2010, waxay ku lahayd wax yar oo ka mid ah taxanaha telefishanka ''Oh! My Lady''.&lt;ref&gt;{{in lang|ko}} [http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2010040707471438381 소녀시대, 최시원과 의리 지키며 '오 마이 레이디'서 카메오 출연 (''SNSD Makes Cameo Appearance on &quot;Oh! My Lady&quot;, Showing Loyalty to Choi Siwon'')] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412161531/http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2010040707471438381|date=April 12, 2010}}. ''asiae''/''Newsen''. March 7, 2010. Retrieved on April 9, 2010&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Meey 2010, Jessica waxay marti joogto ah ka noqotay bandhigga ''Happy Birthday'' illaa ay ka baxday Juun 7, 2010, sababo la xiriira howlaha Girls' Generatio ee dibedda.&lt;ref&gt;{{in lang|ko}} Bae Sunyoung: [http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201006051103371001 제시카 '해피 버스데이' 5주 출연 끝, 7일 하차 (''Jessica, After Five Weeks of Appearances in 'Happy Birthday', Will be Withdrawing on 7th'')] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616060418/http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201006051103371001|date=June 16, 2012}}, Newsen.com. June 5, 2010. Retrieved June 6, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt; Iyadu sidoo kale waxay marti ku ahayd barnaamijka ''Star King'' oo ay weheliyaan xubin kale Yuri. Jessica ayaa soo saartay hees cinwaankeedu yahay &quot;Sweet Delight&quot; 13-kii Oktoobar, 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=014&amp;aid=0002440608|title=제시카 로맨스타운 OST 공개, 네티즌 &quot;너무 달콤하다&quot;|publisher=Financial News|date=May 18, 2011|access-date=May 20, 2015|language=ko|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051345/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=014&amp;aid=0002440608|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jessica waxay marki ugu horreysay jilay filim ''Wild Romance'' sanadkii 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Young Woong|last=Park|url=http://star.mt.co.kr/foreign/starViewEng.html?no=2012021512532246938|title=Violent Romance, SNSD's Jessica and Lee Dong Wook have a romantic date|work=StarNews|date=February 15, 2012|access-date=February 28, 2015|archive-date=February 26, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226211036/http://star.mt.co.kr/foreign/starViewEng.html?no=2012021512532246938|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;imdb&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4227335/|publisher=imdb.com|access-date=March 25, 2017|title=Jessica Jung - IMDb|archive-date=March 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326050432/http://www.imdb.com/name/nm4227335/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2958967 Jessica sings for KBS drama] {{Wayback|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2958967 |date=20141217131630 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217131630/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=2958967|date=December 17, 2014}} [[JoongAng Ilbo|Korea JoongAng Daily]] (September 6, 2012). Retrieved on January 12, 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=SM, 현대자동차와 콜라보레이션…'PYL 유니크 앨범' 발표|url=http://bntnews.hankyung.com/apps/news?popup=0&amp;nid=04&amp;c1=04&amp;c2=04&amp;c3=00&amp;nkey=201210161120593&amp;mode=sub_view|access-date=June 8, 2020|website=bntnews.hankyung.com|archive-date=October 26, 2012|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6BhcL2xcY?url=http://bntnews.hankyung.com/apps/news?popup=0|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2013070208313877864|title=제시카, '시라노'에 감성 더했다… OST '그대라는 한 사람' 발매|publisher=asiae.co.kr|language=ko|access-date=March 25, 2017|date=July 2, 2013|archive-date=March 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326051335/http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2013070208313877864|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2014 Ogosto, Jung waxay soo saartay khadkeeda moodada, Blanc, oo markii dambe loo bixiyay Blanc &amp; Eclare.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://world.kbs.co.kr/english/program/program_musicnews_frame.htm?No=26051&amp;current_page=14|title=Jessica Renames Fashion Brand To &quot;Blanc &amp; Eclare&quot;|date=October 6, 2014|access-date=February 28, 2015|publisher=[[Korean Broadcasting System|KBS]]|archive-date=June 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140117/http://world.kbs.co.kr/english/program/program_musicnews_frame.htm?No=26051&amp;current_page=14|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hadda waxaa jira lixdan dukaanno ku yaal adduunka oo dhan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/k-pop-star-jessica-jung-identity-fashion-life-after-girls-n696161|title=K-Pop Star Jessica Jung On Identity, Fashion, and Life After Girls' Generation|last=Bai|first=Stephany|date=December 15, 2016|website=nbc.com|publisher=NBC News|access-date=March 25, 2017|archive-date=March 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326054517/http://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/k-pop-star-jessica-jung-identity-fashion-life-after-girls-n696161|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jessica iyo walaasheed Krystal ayaa jilay barnaamijkooda dhabta ah ee telefishanka ''[[Jessica &amp; Krystal]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=SNSD's Jessica and f(x)'s Krystal to Star in New Program 'Jessica &amp; Krystal'|url=http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/63864/snsd-jessica-and-fx-krystal-start-program|publisher=CJ E&amp;M enewsWorld|access-date=August 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511070928/http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/63864/snsd-jessica-and-fx-krystal-start-program|archive-date=May 11, 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay soo baxday Junn 3&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Sisters Jessica and Krystal Get Sassy and Charming in Reality Show Teaser Video|url=http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/65982/video-jessica-and-krystal-get-sassy-in-their-teaser-video|publisher=CJ E&amp;M enewsWorld|access-date=August 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506001357/http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/65982/video-jessica-and-krystal-get-sassy-in-their-teaser-video|archive-date=May 6, 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wuxuuna ka koobnaa toban qaybood.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=SNSD Jessica and f(x)'s Krystal Share on Wrapping Up ′Jessica &amp; Krystal′|url=http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/72677/snsd-jessica-and-fx-krystal-share-on-ending-reality-show|website=mwave.interest.me|publisher=Newsen|access-date=August 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073929/http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/72677/snsd-jessica-and-fx-krystal-share-on-ending-reality-show|archive-date=March 4, 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Sebtember 30, 2014, Jessica waxay ku dhawaaqday iyada &quot;in xoog looga saaray&quot; kooxda.&lt;ref name=&quot;official statement&quot;&gt;[http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/77155/sm-makes-official-statement-on-jessica SM states that SNSD will promote as eight without Jessica] {{Wayback|url=http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/77155/sm-makes-official-statement-on-jessica |date=20160321151602 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321151602/http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/77155/sm-makes-official-statement-on-jessica|date=March 21, 2016}} Mwave.interest.me (September 30, 2014). Retrieved on September 30, 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Madadaalada SM ayaa markii dambe xaqiijisay tan, iyada oo cadeynaysa in Jung uusan xubin ka sii ahaan doonin Girls' Generation. Shirkadda ayaa sidoo kale sheegtay ee Girls' Generation ay sii wadi doonaan inay kor u qaadaan sideed xubnood halka ay weli maamuli doonto howlaheeda kaligeed.&lt;ref name=&quot;official statement&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://m.smtown.com/Board/Details/6885506 SMTown's Official Statement] {{Wayback|url=http://m.smtown.com/Board/Details/6885506 |date=20170611081515 }} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170611081515/http://m.smtown.com/Board/Details/6885506|date=June 11, 2017}} [[SM Entertainment]] (September 30, 2014). Retrieved on October 1, 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Jessica ayaa sidoo kale sii deysay qoraal ay iyadu iska leedahay iyada oo u sii marisay shirkadeeda dharka, Blanc Group, iyadoo sharraxaysa in laga codsaday hay'adda iyo xubnaha kale ee kooxdu inay ka baxaan Girls' Generation.&lt;ref&gt;[http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/77230/jessica-makes-her-statement Jessica releases a statement of her own] {{Wayback|url=http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/77230/jessica-makes-her-statement |date=20160406105215 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406105215/http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/77230/jessica-makes-her-statement|date=April 6, 2016}} Mwave.interest.me (October 1, 2014). Retrieved on February 27, 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2015–2016: Ku simaha iyo kali ugu horeysay ===
[[File:Jessica_Jung_at_Marina_Bay_Sands_Valentino_event_in_January_2016_01.jpg|alt=|thumb|276x276px|Jung ee 2016]]
2015, Jessica waxaa la xaqiijiyay inay noqoneyso hogaamiyaha dumarka filimka jaceylka ah ee jaceylka Shiinaha cinwaan looga dhigay ''I Love That Crazy Little Thing.''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|language=ko|access-date=March 25, 2017|date=June 20, 2016|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=468&amp;aid=0000161756|publisher=entertain.naver.com|title=[SS차이나톡] &quot;소녀 느낌 물씬&quot; 제시카, 풋풋한 매력 발산|archive-date=September 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913091653/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=468&amp;aid=0000161756|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ogosto 6, 2015, SM Entertainment ayaa soo saartay bayaan rasmi ah oo ay ku sheegayso in shirkadda iyo xubintii hore ee Girls' Generation ay si rasmi ah u kala tageen.&lt;ref name=&quot;JessicaEXSM&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Singer Jessica quits SM Entertainment|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2015/08/201_184339.html|website=The Korea Times|access-date=August 10, 2015|date=August 6, 2015|archive-date=August 10, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150810002723/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2015/08/201_184339.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://nypost.com/2016/04/19/meet-the-korean-pop-star-wholl-help-tell-stephon-marburys-life-story/|title=Meet the Korean pop star who'll help tell Stephon Marbury's life story|last=Hendricks|first=Jaclyn|date=April 19, 2016|website=New York Post|access-date=April 28, 2016|archive-date=April 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425110732/http://nypost.com/2016/04/19/meet-the-korean-pop-star-wholl-help-tell-stephon-marburys-life-story/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Febraayo 2016, Jessica waxay ku dhawaaqday in albumkeedii ugu horreeyay ee keli ah lagu sii deyn doono hay'addeeda cusub, [[Coridel Entertainment]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Coridel Entertainment - Artists&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.coridel.com/artists.html|title=Coridel Entertainment - Artists|website=www.coridel.com|access-date=February 29, 2016|archive-date=October 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011233957/http://www.coridel.com/artists.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Jessica Jung To Release First Album After Girls' Generation — Signed Copies Free To Shoppers Buying $250 Worth Of Blanc &amp; Eclare Cosmetics|url=http://www.inquisitr.com/2813642/jessica-jung-to-release-first-album-after-girls-generation-signed-copies-free-to-shoppers-buying-250-worth-of-blanc-eclare-cosmetics/|website=The Inquisitr News|access-date=February 21, 2016|date=February 21, 2016|archive-date=February 22, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160222100030/http://www.inquisitr.com/2813642/jessica-jung-to-release-first-album-after-girls-generation-signed-copies-free-to-shoppers-buying-250-worth-of-blanc-eclare-cosmetics/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Abriil 2016, wakiillada ayaa ku dhawaaqay in Jung ay sii deyn doonto albumkeedii ugu horreeyay bishii Maajo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=제시카 측 &quot;5월 컴백 맞다…막바지 준비·날짜 조율 중&quot;|website=nate.com|access-date=April 20, 2016|date=April 18, 2016|url=http://news.nate.com/view/20160418n05918?mid=n1008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;coridelent&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://coridelent.com/notice/?uid=59&amp;mod=document|title=[제시카] 최종 트랙리스트 공개|last=coridelent1|website=CORIDEL ENTERTAINMENT|access-date=May 11, 2016|archive-date=May 30, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160530010500/http://coridelent.com/notice/?uid=59&amp;mod=document|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Magaca [[Extended play|EP]] waxaa loo muujiyay inuu yahay ''With Love, J'', waxaana la sii daayay Maajo 17, 2016, oo ay weheliso heesta hogaaminta, &quot;Fly&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/7377337/jessica-jung-solo-album-girls-generation-interview|title=Jessica Jung on Recording Solo After Girls' Generation: 'I Was Really Surprised I Could Have Input'|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=May 17, 2016|access-date=March 25, 2017|first=Tamar|last=Herman|archive-date=June 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614081313/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/7377337/jessica-jung-solo-album-girls-generation-interview|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;coridelent&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=coridelent1|title=[제시카] 6월 1일 팬미팅 관련 안내 공지|url=https://coridelent.com/notice/|access-date=June 8, 2020|website=CORIDEL ENTERTAINMENT|language=ko-KR|archive-date=August 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808152015/https://coridelent.com/notice/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.hisoparty.com/content/thailand-fan-meeting-2016-jessica-1st-premium-live-showcase-in-bangkok|title=Thailand Fan Meeting 2016 JESSICA 1st PREMIUM LIVE SHOWCASE in BANGKOK|date=June 3, 2016|work=Hiso Party|access-date=September 24, 2018|language=th-TH|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924185922/http://www.hisoparty.com/content/thailand-fan-meeting-2016-jessica-1st-premium-live-showcase-in-bangkok|archive-date=September 24, 2018|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=제시카, 대만 팬미팅 성료...솔로곡 무대+솔직 토크|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002534630|access-date=June 8, 2020|website=entertain.naver.com|language=ko|archive-date=June 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608143150/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002534630|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=ジェシカ、ソロ活動決定後から約1年半…待望の来日公演が6月開催決定|url=https://news.kstyle.com/article.ksn?articleNo=2041624|access-date=June 8, 2020|website=Kstyle|archive-date=June 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608143215/https://news.kstyle.com/article.ksn?articleNo=2041624|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://b2talentasia.com/2016/11/07/jessica-wows-a-packed-house-for-shanghai-fan-meeting/|title=JESSICA WOWS A PACKED HOUSE FOR SHANGHAI FAN MEETING|website=b2talentasia.com|language=en-US|access-date=September 24, 2018|archive-date=September 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924224657/http://b2talentasia.com/2016/11/07/jessica-wows-a-packed-house-for-shanghai-fan-meeting/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://goodmomusic.net/jessica-jungs-fanmeet-4-cities-cancelled/|title='Jessica Jung's' &quot;Fanmeet&quot; In 4 Cities Cancelled|last=Renzxoxo|date=November 5, 2016|work=GoodMoMusic|access-date=September 24, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=June 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606074317/http://goodmomusic.net/jessica-jungs-fanmeet-4-cities-cancelled/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== 2017–hada: ''My Decade'' iyo buuggii ugu horreeyay ===
[[File:Jessica in Bangkok 9.png|alt=|left|thumb|237x237px|Jung ee [[Bangkok]], Tayland ee 2018]]
Bishii Maajo 2018, waxaa la ogaaday in Jessica ay la saxiixatay United Talent Agency.  Hay'addu waxay wakiil uga noqon doontaa Waqooyiga Ameerika xagga muusikada, filimka, telefishanka iyo oggolaanshaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/k-pop-star-jessica-jung-signs-uta-1109451|title=K-Pop Star Jessica Jung Signs with UTA|access-date=May 8, 2018|archive-date=June 29, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629155159/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/k-pop-star-jessica-jung-signs-uta-1109451|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Diseembar 14, Jessica waxay soo saartay hees Kirismas ah oo cinwaankeedu yahay &quot;One More Christmas&quot; iyada oo kaashanaysa sumcadda qurxinta Koonfur Kuuriya ee Amuse Cosmetics.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8491625/jessica-interview-one-more-christmas|website=Billboard|language=en|title=Jessica Gets Festive For 'One More Christmas' Music Film, Talks New Plans For 2019|archive-date=January 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190112074627/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8491625/jessica-interview-one-more-christmas|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:190603 Jessica at ICN 2.png|alt=|left|thumb|255x255px|Jung sanadka 2019]]
Bishii Juun 2019, Jessica iyo Krystal waxay duubeen bandhigoodii labaad ee dhabta ee Mareykanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.eonline.com/ap/news/1046313/jessica-and-krystal-jung-to-shoot-new-reality-show-in-america|title=Jessica and Krystal Jung Are Shooting a New Reality Show In America|last=Tan|first=Pakkee|date=June 6, 2019|website=[[E!#E! Online|E! Online]]|access-date=June 6, 2019|archive-date=June 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606161006/https://www.eonline.com/ap/news/1046313/jessica-and-krystal-jung-to-shoot-new-reality-show-in-america|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/now/article/144/0000631172|title=[단독] 제시카, 日서 솔로 싱글곡 낸다…한국어 수록곡은 래퍼 기리보이 피처링|website=n.news.naver.com|language=ko|access-date=September 12, 2019|archive-date=October 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021144813/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/now/article/144/0000631172|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://okmusic.jp/news/353972|title=ジェシカ (Jessica), CrazyBoy を迎えた新曲を発表|trans-title=Jessica Announces New Song with CrazyBoy|language=ja|date=September 13, 2019|website=OKMusic|access-date=October 13, 2019|archive-date=September 22, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922034922/https://okmusic.jp/news/353972|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://entertain.v.daum.net/v/20190918083013887|title=제시카, 기리보이와 조우..타이틀 '잠들기전 전화해'(공식)|language=ko|trans-title=Jessica Meets Giriboy for &quot;Call Me Before You Sleep&quot;|date=September 18, 2019|website=[[Daum (web portal)|Daum]]|access-date=October 13, 2019|archive-date=October 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012183753/https://entertain.v.daum.net/v/20190918083013887|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=ジェシカ（Jessica） 2年ぶりのファンミーティング開催決定！ローソンチケットにて、本日8月10日（土）10:00より最速先行受付開始！ {{!}} 株式会社ローソンエンタテインメントのプレスリリース|url=https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/p/000000095.000034304.html|access-date=August 18, 2019|website=prtimes.jp|archive-date=August 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190811182354/https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/amp/p/000000095.000034304.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=潔西卡10月19日來會台灣金星！自備面膜.T恤當福利|url=https://www.mingweekly.com/entertainment/celebrity/content-19040.html|access-date=June 16, 2020|website=明潮|archive-date=June 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616163926/https://www.mingweekly.com/entertainment/celebrity/content-19040.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=September 19, 2019|title=เจสสิก้า จอง ลัดคิวด่วนจัดงานแฟนมีตติ้งในไทย ล็อกวันรอเจอ 27 ตุลาคม นี้|url=https://musicstation.kapook.com/view214915.html|access-date=June 16, 2020|website=kapook.com|archive-date=June 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616153323/https://musicstation.kapook.com/view214915.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isla bishaas, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in Jung ay daabici doonto sheekadeeda ugu horreysa, ''Shine'', deyrta 2020 iyada oo qayb ka ah heshiis laba buug ah oo lala galay Simon Pulse, oo ah daabacaadda Simon &amp; Schuster.  Glasstown Entertainment ayaa buugga sheekada uga iibisay kow iyo toban dal oo ajnabi ah, waxayna horumarineysaa la qabsi filim oo ay soo saartay Matthew Kaplan oo ka tirsan ACE Entertainment.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ew.com/books/2019/10/10/jessica-jung-ya-novel-shine/|title=K-pop star Jessica Jung has written a YA novel, and it's already in development for the screen|last=Canfield|first=David|date=October 10, 2019|website=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|access-date=October 12, 2019|archive-date=October 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011194500/https://ew.com/books/2019/10/10/jessica-jung-ya-novel-shine/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

''Shine'', oo la sii daayay Sebtember 30, 2020, ayaa lagu soo daabacay lambarka shanaad ee The New York Times liiska iibiyaha ugu fiican ee loogu talagalay Dhallin-yarada Adult ee qaan-gaarka ah ee arrinta ku taariikhaysan Oktoobar 18.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/best-sellers/young-adult-hardcover/|title=Young Adult Hardcover (October 18, 2020)|date=October 2020|website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=October 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008044624/https://www.nytimes.com/books/best-sellers/young-adult-hardcover/|archive-date=October 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hawlo kale ==

=== Ogolaansho ===
Jessica sidoo kale waxay aqbashay dhowr nooc oo badeecooyin kala duwan ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;thestraittimes&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/ex-girls-generation-member-jessica-jung-was-into-fashion-from-a-young-age|title=Ex-Girls' Generation member Jessica Jung was into fashion from a young age|website=The Strait Times|last=Ng|first=Gwendolyn|date=December 22, 2014|access-date=September 24, 2020|archive-date=October 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021012629/https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/ex-girls-generation-member-jessica-jung-was-into-fashion-from-a-young-age|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka sokow oggolaanshaheeda Girls' Generation, waxay sidoo kale noqotay dhiirrigeliye nooca isboortiga Shiinaha ee Li-Ning iyo boorsada Koonfurta Kuuriya ee Lapalette oo ay la socoto walaasheed Krystal ee 2014.&lt;ref name=&quot;thestraittimes&quot; /&gt; Bishii Abriil 30, 2020, Jung waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inuu yahay safiirka cusub ee caalamiga ah ee Revlon.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.allure.com/story/jessica-jung-revlon-beauty-interview|title=Jessica Jung Shares How Her Approach to Beauty Has Changed Since Her Idol Days|website=[[Allure (magazine)|Allure]]|last=Abelman|first=Devon|date=April 30, 2020|access-date=September 24, 2020|archive-date=October 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022024016/https://www.allure.com/story/jessica-jung-revlon-beauty-interview|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; [https://seanskyps.co.kr/ 내생애첫주택대출]

=== Ganacsi ===
Makhaayada ugu horeysa ee Jessica oo magaceeda la yiraahdo ''Clareau'' ayaa la furay Janaayo 19, 2021 dhismaha bakhaarka weyn ee [[Blanc &amp; Eclare]] ee Cheongdam-dong, Seoul.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Seung-rok|last=Lee|url=https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/117/0003454697|title=[단독] 제시카, '블랑 앤 에클레어' 첫 서울 플래그십 스토어 연다|trans-title=[Exclusive] Jessica opens the first Blanc &amp; Eclare flagship store in Seoul|website=[[Naver]]|access-date=March 13, 2021|language=ko|date=January 19, 2021|archive-date=January 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119054933/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/117/0003454697|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolosha shaqsiga ==
Intii lagu guda jiray riwaayad ka dhacday [[Taywan]] bishii Luulyo 2017, Jung waxay shaaca ka qaaday in magaceeda dhalasho, sida baasaboorkeeda, uu yahay &quot;Jessica Jung&quot;, halka magaceeda Kuuriya &quot;Soo-yeon&quot; lagu helay kaliya taariikh dambe dartiis.&lt;ref&gt;[http://star.ettoday.net/news/977508?t=Jessica%E9%9A%B1%E8%97%8F10%E5%B9%B4%E5%85%AC%E4%BD%88%EF%BC%81%E3%80%80%E3%80%8C%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AC%E5%90%8D%E5%85%B6%E5%AF%A6%E4%B8%8D%E6%98%AF%E9%84%AD%E7%A7%80%E5%A6%8D%E3%80%8D &quot;Jessica隱藏10年公佈！「我的本名其實不是鄭秀妍」&quot;]. ETNEWS.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay isku tilmaamtay inay tahay &quot;Masiixiyiin xiiso leh&quot; waxayna tagtaa kaniisadda.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2019/the-lily/the-jessicas-are-turning-30/ &quot;Turning 30, according to The Jessicas&quot;]. Washington Post.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyada ==
[[yue: 鄭秀妍]]
&lt;references /&gt;

== Xiriirinta dibedda ==
{{Commons category|Jessica Jung}}

[[Category:Dad nool]]
[[Category:Atariishayasha filimada Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Atariishayasha telefishanka Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya dadka]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop Mareykanka]]
[[Category:Idolyasha dhedig Koonfur Kuuriya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sara Loren</title>
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      <text bytes="3460" sha1="k4936c9mzea9ne0inyvkovwycz6nq3a" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Sara Loren|image=Sara Loren at Zoom's studio.jpg|caption=Loren ee 2013|birth_name=Sara Xussein|birth_date={{birth based on age as of date |25 |2012|03|18}} &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/349883/dont-call-me-mona/ |title=Don't call me Mona |date=18 March 2012 |work=[[The Express Tribune]] |access-date=1 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;|nationality=|birth_place=[[Magaalada Kuwayt]], Kuwayt|residence=|death_place=|occupation=|yearsactive=2007–hada|height=5' 5&quot;|relatives=|spouse=}}'''Sara Xussein''', oo loo yaqaan '''Sara Loren''', waa jilaa reer [[Bakistaan]] ah oo inta badan lagu yaqaanay inay ka shaqeyso Hindi iyo sidoo kale filimada Urdu iyo telefishanka.&lt;ref&gt;[http://tribune.com.pk/story/491086/murder-3-girl-sara-loren-sizzles-in-trailer/ &quot;Murder 3 girl Sara Loren sizzles in trailer - The Express Tribune&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gundhig ==
Loren wuxuu ku dhashay kuna barbaaray Magaalada Kuwayt ee Kuwayt. Aabaheed wuxuu u haajiray Kuwait isagoo ka yimid Rajasthan isagoo raacaya Qeybinta Hindiya, hooyadeedna waxay ka timid Lahore, Punjab ee [[Bakistaan]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.saraloren.net/AboutMe.html &quot;Sara loren - AboutMe&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.saraloren.net/AboutMe.html |date=20210805205715 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.santabanta.com/bollywood/65064/i-am-a-rajput-i-go-to-temple-too-sara-loren/ &quot;Sara loren - I am rajput&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.santabanta.com/bollywood/65064/i-am-a-rajput-i-go-to-temple-too-sara-loren/ |date=20190917141119 }}.&lt;/ref&gt; Markii ay qaangaadhay, waxay qoyskeeda u guurtay Lahore kadib geeridii aabaheed.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/hotties-to-murder-for---chatting-with-aditi-hydari/article_35437bac-4a7a-50ba-a347-094654b7c485.html &quot;hotties-to-murder-for&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/hotties-to-murder-for---chatting-with-aditi-hydari/article_35437bac-4a7a-50ba-a347-094654b7c485.html |date=20190331204548 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shaqo ==
[[File:Sara_Loren_promoting_MURDER_3.jpg|alt=|left|thumb|275x275px|Loren sanadka 2013]]
Loren waxay filimkeedii ugu horreeyey ka soo muuqatay filimkii jaceylka ee ''Kajraare'' sanadkii 2010 -kii, markii dambena waxay ku jilaysay filimkii Nisha filimkii 2013 -kii ''Murder 3''. Sannadkii ku xigay waxay ku jilaysay ''Anjuman''.&lt;ref&gt;[http://entertainment.oneindia.in/celebs/sara-loren.html &quot;Sara Loren Pakistani actress&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://entertainment.oneindia.in/celebs/sara-loren.html |date=20210805205715 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://entertainment.oneindia.in/celebs/sara-loren/biography.html |access-date=2021-08-05 |archive-date=2021-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805205718/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/celebs/sara-loren/biography.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Waxay markaa ka soo muuqatay ''Barkhaa'', halkaas oo ay ku ciyaartay gabadh yar oo reer magaal ah oo isu rogtay qoob -ka -ciyaarka. Filimku wuxuu socday 50 maalmood laakiin ganacsi ahaan waxaa lagu dhawaaqay musiibo.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/cast/id/728506&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.financialexpress.com/article/lifestyle/showbiz/barkhaa-yahaan-sabki-lagi-hai-box-office-collections-ink-dismal-start/58301/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.indiaglitz.com/adhyayan-suman-and-sara-loren-have-completed-shooting-for-ishq-click-hindi-news-126823&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.indiaglitz.com/sara-loren-bags-prakash-jhas-film-fraud-saiyyan-hindi-news-119017&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyada ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Nicole Kidman</title>
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      <text bytes="29187" sha1="e0qevcutnz4xwegy324np1mopk7fr22" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Nicole Kidman|honorific-suffix=|image=Nicole Kidman Cannes 2017.jpg|caption=Kidman ee 2017|birth_name=Nicole Mary Kidman|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1967|6|20}}|birth_place=[[Honolulu]], [[Hawaii]], Maraykanka.|death_date=|death_place=|citizenship=*Australia
*Maraykanka|alma mater={{unbulleted list|[[Dugsiga Sare ee Gabdhaha Waqooyiga Sydney]]|[[Tiyaatarka Australia ee Dhallinyarada]]}}|occupation=|years_active=1981–hada|spouse={{unbulleted list|{{marriage|[[Tom Cruise]]|1990|2001|end=la furay}}|{{marriage|[[Keith Urban]]|2006|2025|end=la furay}}}}|children=4|parents=[[Antony Kidman]] (aabbe)|relatives=[[Antonia Kidman]] (walaashaa)|website=|works=|awards=|honorific suffix=[[Amarka Australia|AC]]}}
'''Nicole Mary Kidman'''&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.biography.com/actor/nicole-kidman &quot;Nicole Kidman ([[1967]]–)&quot;]. [[Biography.com|''Biography.com'']].&lt;/ref&gt; (dhashay 20 Juun [[1967]]) waa atariisho iyo heesaa Australiyaan-Mareykan ah&lt;ref&gt;http://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicole-Kidman&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20120203083614/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/nicole-kidman-sweats-new-producer-role-2079997.html&lt;/ref&gt;. Waxay heshay abaalmarino badan intii ay ku guda jirtay xirfadeeda waxayna ka mid noqotay atariishooyinka ugu mushaarka badan adduunka [[2006]], [[2018]], iyo [[2019]]. Majaladda ''[[Majladda Time|Time]]'' ayaa ku magacawday mid ka mid ah 100-ka qof ee ugu saameynta badan adduunka ee [[2004]] iyo [[2018]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|work=Forbes|title=Best-Paid Actors and Actresses|date=23 February 2006|url=https://www.forbes.com/2006/02/23/cx_lr_0223actorslide.html#75ec3bdd747a|access-date=6 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626191333/https://www.forbes.com/2006/02/23/cx_lr_0223actorslide.html#75ec3bdd747a|archive-date=26 June 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1970858_1970890_1971362,00.html|title=The 2004 TIME 100|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|first=Belinda|last=Luscombe|date=26 April 2004|access-date=17 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417164200/http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1970858_1970890_1971362,00.html|archive-date=17 April 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://time.com/collection/most-influential-people-2018/5217547/nicole-kidman/|title=Nicole Kidman is on the 2018 TIME 100 List|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|first=Naomi|last=Watts|access-date=6 May 2021|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=1 Bisha Todobaad 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701222032/https://time.com/collection/most-influential-people-2018/5217547/nicole-kidman/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2020, ''[[The New York Times]]'' waxay gashay kaalinta shanaad liiskeeda jilaayaasha ugu weyn qarniga 21aad ilaa heerkaas.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/movies/greatest-actors-actresses.html#nicole-kidman&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4649476.stm&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.unifem.org/partnerships/goodwill_ambassadors/nicole_kidman.php |access-date=2021-08-08 |archive-date=2012-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005003124/http://www.unifem.org/partnerships/goodwill_ambassadors/nicole_kidman.php |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/kidman-honoured/2007/04/13/1175971353201.html&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20060427102858/http://archives.cnn.com/2002/SHOWBIZ/Movies/01/18/sun.kidman.intv/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/nicole-kidman-5-things-you-803890&lt;/ref&gt;

== Soo dhaweynta iyo dhaxalka ==
Kidman waxaa badanaa loo arkaa inay ka mid tahay jilayaasha ugu wanaagsan jiilkeeda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Gay|first=Jason|date=20 July 2015|title=Nicole Kidman, in a Rare, Down-to-Earth Interview, on Her New Adventure|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/nicole-kidman-august-2015-cover-queen-of-the-desert|magazine=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]|access-date=7 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Hornaday|first=Ann|date=6 April 2017|title=Nicole Kidman belongs in our pantheon of great actresses|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/nicole-kidman-belongs-in-our-pantheon-of-great-actresses/2017/04/06/f995fd86-1a20-11e7-855e-4824bbb5d748_story.html|work=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=7 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa lagu xusey inay qaadatay doorka halista ah ee filimada ay caawiyaan auteurs, iyo sidoo kale bandhigyadeeda kala duwan iyo waxyaabo badan oo kala duwan, iyadoo ka soo muuqatay filimo kala duwan oo ka kala yimid dhowr nooc oo kala duwan intii ay ku guda jirtay xirfadeeda ballaaran oo ku dhawaad ​​afartan sano.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Kiang|first=Jessica|date=20 June 2013|title=Nicole Kidman's 5 Bravest Roles|url=https://www.indiewire.com/2013/06/nicole-kidmans-5-bravest-roles-96768/|website=[[IndieWire]]|access-date=7 December 2020|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=26 Bisha Labaad 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226022214/https://www.indiewire.com/2013/06/nicole-kidmans-5-bravest-roles-96768/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2474203/the-9-best-nicole-kidman-movies-ranked|title=The 9 Best Nicole Kidman Movies, Ranked|website=[[CinemaBlend]]|first=Will|last=Ashton|date=31 May 2019|access-date=6 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2557656/nicole-kidman-reveals-one-thing-she-found-hard-early-in-her-hollywood-career|title=Nicole Kidman Reveals One Thing She Found 'Hard' Early In Her Hollywood Career|website=[[CinemaBlend]]|first=Sarah|last=El-Mahmoud|date=23 October 2020|access-date=6 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[Vanity Fair]]'' waxay sheegtay, in kasta oo ay la halgameyso nolosheeda shaqsiyeed in si cad warbaahinta loogu baaro sanadihii hore ee xirfadeeda, &quot;[Kidman] waxay isu muujisay inay tahay karti weyn, jilaa cajiib ah oo halkaas ku geli kara iyaga, luga-luga-lugaha, oo la soo bax kalsoonida ay ku jirto.Waxaa intaa dheer, waxay isku caddeysay inay tahay xiddig leh raasamaalka S, oo ah nooca jiilka-jiilka ah oo sida Elizabeth Taylor, ka weyn nidaamka Hollywood -ka, sidoo kale kuma baqayo inuu noqdo bini -aadam iyo dhab, taas oo kaliya ka dhigaysa mid caan ah.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2002/12/kidman-200212|title=Nicole's New Light|magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|first=Ingrid|last=Sischy|date=1 December 2002|access-date=6 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sida laga soo xigtay ''The New York Times'', &quot;dulqaad la'aanta, edeb -darrada anshaxa leh ee ay u keento bandhigyadeeda, xitaa in ka badan farshaxanka ay ku muujiso dhexdooda, ayaa laga yaabaa inay tahay sirta rafcaankeeda, isha xiriirka ay la leedahay dhagaystayaasha.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/11/02/movies/a-unified-theory-of-nicole-kidman.html|title=A Unified Theory Of Nicole Kidman|work=[[The New York Times]]|first=A.O.|last=Scott|date=2 November 2003|access-date=6 May 2021|url-access=limited}}&lt;/ref&gt; Emily Nussbaum oo ka tirsan ''The New Yorker'' ayaa faallo ka bixisay sida &quot;kaalin kasta, ay u jirto wax soo kordhay oo feejignaan iyo is-haysasho ku saabsan Kidman, si, xitaa marka ay dhoolla-caddaynayso, aysan waligeed u muuqan mid la xoreeyay. hadiyad: waxay xiran kartaa maaskaro isla mar ahaantaana kuu oggolaan kartaa inaad dareento sida ay tahay inaad ku qariso gadaashiisa.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT201125&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Dargis|first1=Manohla|last2=Scott|first2=A. O.|author-link1=Manohla Dargis|author-link2=A. O. Scott|date=25 November 2020|title=The 25 Greatest Actors of the 21st Century (So Far)|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/movies/greatest-actors-actresses.html#nicole-kidman|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=7 December 2020|url-access=limited}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kidman ayaa sidoo kale lagu tilmaamay astaanta moodada.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC030420&quot;&gt;{{cite news|date=20 April 2003|title=Kidman named fashion icon|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2962733.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|access-date=7 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=9 February 2020|title=A look back at the most memorable Oscars red carpet dresses of all time|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/events/best-oscars-dresses-style-outfits-fashion-looks-all-time-celebs/although-kidmans-chinoiserie-chartreuse-galliano-for-dior-gown-s/|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|access-date=7 December 2020|url-access=limited}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Hines|first=Alice|date=19 February 2015|title=What Is the Most Influential Oscar Dress of All-Time?|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/what-most-influential-oscar-dress-all-time-180954356/|magazine=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]|access-date=7 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com.au/fashion/news/67-of-the-most-memorable-red-carpet-looks-in-modern-history/image-gallery/32cbe96802895542a165d48a4fc5b514|title=67 of the most memorable red carpet looks in modern history|magazine=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]|first=Gladys|last=Lai|date=4 March 2021|access-date=7 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.insider.com/nicole-kidman-fashion-2018-10|title=Nicole Kidman's been walking the red carpet since the early '90s — here are 21 of her most iconic looks|website=[[Insider Inc.|Insider]]|first=Jillian|last=Selzer|date=31 October 2018|access-date=7 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/fashion/nicole-kidman-wins-2003-fashion-icon-award-20030420-gdgmpr.html|title=Nicole Kidman wins 2003 Fashion Icon Award|date=20 April 2003|website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolosha shaqsiyeed ==

=== Xiriirka iyo qoyska ===
Kidman wuxuu guursaday laba jeer: marka hore jilaa Tom Cruise, markii dambena wuxuu guursaday heesaaga waddanka Keith Urban. Kidman wuxuu la kulmay Cruise dabayaaqadii 1989, waxyar ka hor inta aysan bilaabin duubista ''Days of Thunder'', filim ay labadooduba si wada jir ah u jileen, oo ay is guursadeen Habeenkii Kirismaska ​​ee 1990kii.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.popsugar.com/celebrity/Why-Did-Nicole-Kidman-Tom-Cruise-Divorce-44113005|title=16 Years Later, We Still Don't Know Why Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise Divorced|publisher=[[PopSugar]]|first=Monica|last=Sisavat|date=14 October 2017|access-date=9 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lammaanaha ayaa korsaday gabar, Isabella Jane Cruise (dhashay 1992), iyo wiil, Connor Antony Cruise (dhashay 1995).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.today.com/popculture/nicole-kidman-talks-making-eyes-wide-shut-ex-tom-cruise-t193303|title=Nicole Kidman: Tom Cruise and I were 'happily married' while making 'Eyes Wide Shut'|publisher=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]|first=Drew|last=Weisholtz|date=5 October 2020|access-date=9 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; 5tii Febraayo 2001, afhayeenka lamaanaha ayaa ku dhawaaqay inay kala tageen.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20133675,00.html|title=Hearts Wide Shut|author=Alex Tresniowski|work=People|date=19 February 2001|access-date=1 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702003212/http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20133675,00.html|archive-date=2 July 2012|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cruise ayaa dalbaday furiin laba maalmood ka dib, guurkana waa la kala diray bishii Ogosto ee sannadkaas, iyada oo Cruise uu xusay khilaafaadka aan la xallin karin.&lt;ref name=&quot;kidman still loves Cruise&quot;&gt;[http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/entertainment/2006-05/09/content_585024.htm &quot;Nicole Kidman: Still Loves Tom Cruise&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120915/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/entertainment/2006-05/09/content_585024.htm|date=15 September 2012}}. ABC News. 8 May 2006. Retrieved 10 March 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; Waraysigii 2007 ay la yeelatay ''[[Marie Claire]]'', Kidman waxay xustay warbixin aan sax ahayn oo ku saabsan uurka qoolan -ka hore ee guurkeeda. &quot;Waxaa si qalad ah loogu soo sheegay ilmo dhicis qof kasta oo soo qaatay sheekada. Marka waa war aad u weyn, mana dhicin.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Gordon|first=Meryl|url=http://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity-lifestyle/celebrities/Nicole-Kidman-Interview-3|title=Nicole Kidman Tells It Like It Is|magazine=Marie Claire|date=11 November 2007|access-date=14 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117025440/http://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity-lifestyle/celebrities/Nicole-Kidman-Interview-3|archive-date=17 January 2013|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Nicole_Kidman_&amp;_Keith_Urban_03_(Cropped).jpg|thumb|Kidman iyo ninkeeda Keith Urban sanadkii 2011]]
Bishii Juun 2006, waxay sheegtay inay wali jeceshahay Cruise: &quot;Wuu weynaa; weli waa. Aniga ahaan, wuxuu ahaa kaliya Tom, laakiin dadka kale oo dhan, aad buu u weyn yahay. Laakiin wuu ii jeclaa aniguna waan jeclaa. Weli waan jeclahay isaga&quot;, waxay muujisay naxdin ku saabsan furitaankooda.&lt;ref name=&quot;kidman still loves cruise&quot;&gt;[http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/entertainment/2006-05/09/content_585024.htm &quot;Nicole Kidman: Still Loves Tom Cruise&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120915/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/entertainment/2006-05/09/content_585024.htm|date=15 September 2012}}. [[ABC News]]. 8 May 2006. Retrieved 10 March 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/01/25/scientology-doc-going-clear-claims-the-church-split-up-tom-cruise-and-nicole-kidman.html|title=Scientology Doc 'Going Clear' Claims the Church Split Up Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman|newspaper=[[The Daily Beast]]|date=26 January 2015|last1=Stern|first1=Marlow|access-date=6 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407050147/http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/01/25/scientology-doc-going-clear-claims-the-church-split-up-tom-cruise-and-nicole-kidman.html|archive-date=7 April 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/news/going-clear-scientology-doc-tom-cruise-nicole-kidman-breakup-2015271|title=Tom Cruise Had Nicole Kidman's Phone Wiretapped and More Revelations in Scientology Doc Going Clear: Review|date=27 January 2015|author=Reinstein, Mara|work=[[Us Weekly]]|access-date=22 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407014039/http://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/news/going-clear-scientology-doc-tom-cruise-nicole-kidman-breakup-2015271|archive-date=7 April 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kahor inta uusan guursan Cruise, Kidman wuxuu ku lug lahaa xiriiro uu la lahaa jilaa Marcus Graham iyo ''Windrider'' (1986) oo ah jilaa Tom Burlinson.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.smh.com.au/news/music/u2-set-for-december-return/2006/05/06/1146335968489.html?page=2 &quot;Best wishes for Kidman&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131026002408/http://www.smh.com.au/news/music/u2-set-for-december-return/2006/05/06/1146335968489.html?page=2|date=26 October 2013}} 7 May 2006, ''The Sydney Morning Herald''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/film/nic-gets-saddle-tips/2007/04/15/1176575723647.html|title=Other Tom gives Nic saddle tips|date=16 April 2007|work=The Age|location=Melbourne|access-date=1 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070419052548/http://www.theage.com.au/news/film/nic-gets-saddle-tips/2007/04/15/1176575723647.html|archive-date=19 April 2007|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/more-news/nics-battle-with-cruises-control/story-e6frf7l6-1111115355342|title=Love went cold with Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman|author=Hellard, Peta|date=20 January 2008|work=[[Herald Sun]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa sidoo kale la sheegay inay ku lug lahayd Adrien Brody.&lt;ref name=&quot;adrien_brody&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/6-5-2003-41298.asp|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121208194241/http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/6-5-2003-41298.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2012|title=Nicole Kidman Linked Again?|access-date=17 October 2007|date=5 June 2003}}&lt;/ref&gt; Filimka ''Cold Mountain'' ayaa keenay warar xan ah oo sheegaya in xiriir ka dhexeeya Kidman iyo jilaa Jude Law uu mas’uul ka ahaa kala tagga guurkiisa. Labaduba way beeniyeen eedeymaha, Kidman wuxuu ku guuleystay lacag aan la shaacin oo ka timid majaladda Ingiriiska ee sheekada daabacday.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2003/SHOWBIZ/Movies/07/31/uk.kidman.mail/index.html|title=Kidman wins affair libel case|access-date=17 October 2007|date=31 July 2003|publisher=[[CNN]]|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120723/http://www.cnn.com/2003/SHOWBIZ/Movies/07/31/uk.kidman.mail/index.html|archive-date=23 July 2012|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay bilawday shukaansiga muusigga Lenny Kravitz 2003 kahor intaanay ku mashquulin isaga, ilaa ay aakhirkii go'aansadeen inay ka baxaan hawlgelinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.today.com/popculture/nicole-kidman-reveals-she-was-once-engaged-lenny-kravitz-he-t108298|title=Nicole Kidman reveals she was once engaged to Lenny Kravitz: 'He's a great guy'|publisher=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]|date=February 16, 2017|access-date=5 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kidman wuxuu sidoo kale xiriir jaceyl la lahaa rapper-ka Q-Tip.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/0/unlikely-valentine-hollywoods-bizarre-celebrity-couples/nicole-kidman-q-tip/|title=Madonna and Tupac in love: Hollywood's most unconventional celebrity couples|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=13 February 2017|access-date=4 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104212257/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/0/unlikely-valentine-hollywoods-bizarre-celebrity-couples/nicole-kidman-q-tip/|archive-date=4 November 2019|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Robbie Williams wuxuu ku andacooday inuu jacayl gaagaaban la lahaa Kidman intii uu ku jiray doonnideeda xagaagii 2004.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/relationships/nicole-kidman-396711.html|title=Celebrity Dating History: Nicole Kidman|work=Female First|author=Moore, Lucy|access-date=4 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507232200/http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/relationships/nicole-kidman-396711.html|archive-date=7 May 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wareysigii ''[[Vanity Fair]]'' ee 2007, Kidman wuxuu daaha ka qaaday inay si qarsoodi ah ugu hawlanayd qof, markii dambe la ogaaday inay ahayd Lenny Kravitz, kahor xiriirkii ay hadda la lahayd Keith Urban.&lt;ref name=&quot;nicole_kidman_lenny_kravitz&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sexdegrees.net/relationships/nicole-kidman-lenny-kravitz/|title=Nicole Kidman and Lenny Kravitz|access-date=10 February 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724061201/http://www.sexdegrees.net/relationships/nicole-kidman-lenny-kravitz/|archive-date=24 July 2011|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kidman wuxuu guursaday Urban 25 Juun 2006, oo ku yaal Cardinal Cerretti Memorial Chapel oo ku yaal St Patrick's Estate, Manly, ee Sydney.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2006-06-24-kidman-wedding_x.htm|title=Kidman weds Urban in intimate ceremony|author=Karen Thomas|work=[[USA Today]]|access-date=28 May 2011|date=25 June 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113081706/http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2006-06-24-kidman-wedding_x.htm|archive-date=13 January 2012|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0%2C%2C1149081%2C00.html|title=Nicole &amp; Keith Say 'I Do'|work=People|access-date=28 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110328055413/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,1149081,00.html|archive-date=28 March 2011|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wareysi lala yeeshay 2015, Kidman wuxuu yiri, &quot;Runtii ismaanaan aqoonin - waxaan is barannay intii aan is guursannay.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;2015interview&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/womens-life/11923716/Nicole-Kidman-Divorcing-Tom-Cruise-was-the-best-thing-to-happen-to-my-career.html|title=Nicole Kidman: Divorcing Tom Cruise was the best thing to happen to my career|last1=Finnigan|first1=Lexi|last2=Loveluck|first2=Louisa|work=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|date=10 October 2015|access-date=10 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151011061631/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/womens-life/11923716/Nicole-Kidman-Divorcing-Tom-Cruise-was-the-best-thing-to-happen-to-my-career.html|archive-date=11 October 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://betweennapsontheporch.net/tour-nicole-kidman-keith-urbans-bunya-hill-home-in-sutton-forest-australia-home/|title=Tour Nicole Kidman &amp; Keith Urban's Bunya Hill Home in Sutton Forest Australia|date=2020-01-05|website=Between Naps On The Porch|access-date=2020-02-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200206231729/https://betweennapsontheporch.net/tour-nicole-kidman-keith-urbans-bunya-hill-home-in-sutton-forest-australia-home/|archive-date=6 February 2020|url-status=dead}}{{Self-published source|date=February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Wood|first=E. Thomas|author-link=E. Thomas Wood|url=http://www.nashvillepost.com/business/development/article/20401614/headline-homes-nashvilles-top-10-sales-january-2008|title=Headline homes: Nashville's top 10 sales, March 2008|work=[[Nashville Post]]|location=Tennessee|access-date=4 April 2008|date=4 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903184459/http://www.nashvillepost.com/business/development/article/20401614/headline-homes-nashvilles-top-10-sales-january-2008|archive-date=3 September 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com.au/nicole-kidman-and-keith-urbans-homes-houses-2019-5|title=From Australia to NYC, take a look inside Nicole Kidman and Keith Urban's sprawling real estate empire|author=Frank Olito|publisher=Business Insider Australia|date=June 1, 2019|access-date=December 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218171110/https://www.businessinsider.com.au/nicole-kidman-and-keith-urbans-homes-houses-2019-5|archive-date=18 December 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gabadha kowaad ee lamaanaha, Sunday Rose, waxay ku dhalatay 2008, Nashville.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20203442,00.html|title=Nicole Kidman and Keith Urban Welcomed a Baby Girl|work=People|first1=Brenda|last1=Rodriguez|first2=Stephen M.|last2=Silverman|date=7 July 2008|access-date=7 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080709063125/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20203442,00.html|archive-date=9 July 2008|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Tauber|first=Michelle|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20211126,00.html|title=The Secret Behind Baby Sunday Rose's Name Revealed!|work=People|date=8 July 2008|access-date=29 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080728224237/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20211126,00.html|archive-date=28 July 2008|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2010, Kidman iyo Urban waxay lahaayeen gabadhoodii labaad, Faith Margaret, iyada oo loo sii mariyay uur -qaadis&lt;ref&gt;{{cite interview|url=http://sixtyminutes.ninemsn.com.au/stories/8213180/faith-love-and-happiness|title=Faith, Love and Happiness|interviewer=Karl Stefanovic|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222140455/http://sixtyminutes.ninemsn.com.au/stories/8213180/faith-love-and-happiness|archive-date=22 February 2011|subject=Nicole Kidman|work=[[60 Minutes]]|location=Australia|date=18 February 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ee Isbitaalka Haweenka Centennial ee Nashville .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20458381,00.html|title=Nicole Kidman and Keith Urban Welcome a Daughter!|work=People|author=Jordan, Julie|date=17 January 2011|access-date=17 January 2011|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/612a1kCnl?url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20458381,00.html|archive-date=18 August 2011|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20458718,00.html|title=Nicole Kidman &amp; Keith Urban: 'Blessed' by Faith|work=People|date=19 January 2011|access-date=19 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121035513/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20458718,00.html|archive-date=21 January 2011|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Aragtida diinta iyo siyaasadda ===
Kidman wuxuu ku barbaaray qoys katoolik ah welina wuu ku dhaqmayaa.&lt;ref name=&quot;kidman_wedding&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.catholic.org/international/international_story.php?id=20148|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060627000523/http://www.catholic.org/international/international_story.php?id=20148|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 June 2006|title=Kidman wedding in Australia seen as spiritual homecoming|access-date=17 October 2007|date=9 June 2006|author=Dan McAloon}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Brennan|last=Kilbane|title=Nothing Keeps Nicole Kidman From Her Work, Not Even a 102-Degree Fever|url=https://www.allure.com/story/nicole-kidman-december-january-cover-interview?verso=true|publisher=Allure|date=13 November 2018|access-date=30 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230181202/https://www.allure.com/story/nicole-kidman-december-january-cover-interview?verso=true|archive-date=30 December 2018|url-status=live}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay dhigatay Mary Mackillop Chapel ee Waqooyiga Sydney. Ka dib dhaleeceyntii Hoggaamiyaha Kaatooligga ee The Compass Golden&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,300737,00.html|title=Some Catholic Leaders Upset Over New Nicole Kidman Movie|publisher=Fox News Channel|date=10 October 2007|access-date=9 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109140916/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,300737,00.html|archive-date=9 November 2007|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; sida soo horjeeda-katoolik,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/11/28/earlyshow/leisure/boxoffice/main3549503.shtml|title=Is 'Golden Compass' Anti-Catholic?|work=CBS News|date=11 February 2009|access-date=9 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604213634/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/11/28/earlyshow/leisure/boxoffice/main3549503.shtml|archive-date=4 June 2011|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kidman ayaa u sheegtay in Kaniisadda Kaatooligu ay qayb ka tahay &quot;nuxurkeeda&quot;, iyo in caqiidadeeda diineed ay ka hor istaagi doonto inay kaalin ka qaadato filim ay u aragto inuu yahay mid lid ku ah Kaatooligga.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=The Golden Compass|url=https://ew.com/article/2007/12/03/golden-compass/|access-date=30 March 2021|work=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|date=3 December 2007|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=8 Bisha Sideedaad 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210808025851/https://ew.com/article/2007/12/03/golden-compass/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Taageere xuquuqda dumarka,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/2009/10/22/nicole-kidman-women-rights-congress-forbes-woman-leadership-celebrity.html|title=Nicole Kidman Champions Women's Rights|last=Casserly|first=Meghan|work=Forbes|date=22 October 2009|access-date=6 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091228025120/http://www.forbes.com/2009/10/22/nicole-kidman-women-rights-congress-forbes-woman-leadership-celebrity.html|archive-date=28 December 2009|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kidman ayaa ka hor markhaati furay Guddiga Wakiilada Mareykanka ee Arrimaha Dibadda si uu u taageero Xeerka Rabshadaha Caalamiga ah ee ka dhanka ah Haweenka ee 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/oct/22/nicole-kidman-violence-against-women|title=Nicole Kidman: Hollywood plays role in violence against women|last=MacInnes|first=Paul|work=The Guardian|date=22 October 2009|access-date=6 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004233008/http://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/oct/22/nicole-kidman-violence-against-women|archive-date=4 October 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Janaayo 2017, waxay sheegtay inay taageersan tahay sharciyeynta guurka dadka isku jinsiga ah ee Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2017/01/13/nicole-kidman-on-trump-we-as-a-country-need-to-support-whoevers-the-president/|title=Nicole Kidman on Trump: 'We as a country need to support whoever's the president'|last=Andrews|first=Travis M.|work=The Washington Post|date=13 January 2017|access-date=6 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181129083855/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2017/01/13/nicole-kidman-on-trump-we-as-a-country-need-to-support-whoevers-the-president/|archive-date=29 November 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kidman ayaa sidoo kale ugu deeqday murashaxiinta xisbiga Dimuqraadiga ee Mareykanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.newsmeat.com/celebrity_political_donations/Nicole_Kidman.php|title=Nicole Kidman's Federal Campaign Contribution Report|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060712184303/https://www.newsmeat.com/celebrity_political_donations/Nicole_Kidman.php|archive-date=12 July 2006|publisher=NewsMeat.com|date=16 October 2006|access-date=22 October 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Xiriirinta dibedda ==

* {{IMDb name|0000173}}
* {{tcmdb name|id=101739|name=Nicole Kidman}}
* {{IBDB name}}
* {{Curlie|Arts/People/K/Kidman%2C_Nicole/}}
* {{Amg name|38065}}
* {{people.com}}
* {{Instagram|nicolekidman|Nicole Kidman}}

== Tixraacyada ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>e0qevcutnz4xwegy324np1mopk7fr22</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Soojin</title>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="8400" sha1="lsgund4x13ou6gw619gco4githmai9l" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Soojin|birth_name=Seo Soo-jin|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1998|03|09}}|birth_place=Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, Koonfur Kuuriya|module={{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| genre           = [[K-pop]]
| instrument      = Cod
| years_active    = 2018–2021
| label           = [[Cube Entertainment|Cube]]&lt;br&gt;[[Republic Records|Republic]]
| associated_acts = [[(G)I-dle]]
| website         = 
}}|image=0226 (여자)아이들 수진 포커스&amp;세로캠, 2nd 미니앨범 'I made' 쇼케이스 포토타임.png|image caption=Soojin ee 2018}}

'''Seo Soo-jin''' (dhashay Maarso 9, 1998), oo si fiican loogu yaqaanno '''Soojin''', waa fanaanad Koonfur Kuuriya. Waa xubin hore oo ka tirsan kooxda gabdhaha [[(G)I-dle]] ee hoos timaada Cube Entertainment.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cubeent.co.kr/gidle &quot;(G)I-DLE&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cubeent.co.kr/gidle |date=20201108235615 }}. Cube Entertainment.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.koreaboo.com/news/cube-entertainment-announces-gidle-soojin-withdraw-group/ (G)I-DLE's Soojin Withdraws From Group - Koreaboo].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bandwagon.asia/articles/cube-entertainment-soojin-departure-from-gidle-member-leave-group-august-2021 CUBE ENTERTAINMENT announces Soojin's departure from (G)I-DLE].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://meaww.com/amp/cube-entertainment-announces-departure-seo-soojin-from-g-i-dle-fans-react-label-ruins-kpop-groups Why did Seo Soojin leave (G)I-dle? Cube Entertainment blasted for announcing departure of star]. ''Meaww''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sportskeeda.com/amp/pop-culture/is-soojin-leaving-g-i-dle-cube-entertainment-releases-statement-bullying-scandal-takes-toll Is Soojin leaving (G)I-DLE? Cube Entertainment releases statement as bullying scandal takes its toll] {{Wayback|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/amp/pop-culture/is-soojin-leaving-g-i-dle-cube-entertainment-releases-statement-bullying-scandal-takes-toll |date=20210814203504 }}. ''Sports Keeda''.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolol ==
Soojin wuxuu ku dhashay Gyeonggi, South Korea.  Waxay dhigatay Dugsiga Dhexe ee Waw oo ku yaal Hwaseong halkaas oo ardayda ay isku fasalka ahaayeen ay ku jireen jilaa carruur Seo Shin-ae.&lt;ref&gt;Dong, Sun-hwa. [https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2021/03/732_306172.html &quot; 'I was a victim': Actress Seo Shin-ae accuses (G)I-DLE's Soojin of bullying&quot;]. ''The Korea Times''.&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay markii dambe baratay qoob-ka-ciyaarka iyo taekwondo intii ay dhiganaysay dugsiga sare. Waxay go'aansatay horaantii nolosheeda inay rabto inay sii wadato xirfadda heesaha, laakiin waxay sheegtay inay ku qaadatay laba sano inay ku qanciso aabaheed inuu ku raaco go'aanadeeda.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3085244/soojin-gi-dle-girl-groups-main-dancer-whos-cutest-offstage &quot;(G) I-dle's Soojin: dancing queen who is cutest offstage&quot;]. ''South China Morning Post''. Jeff Benjamin.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shaqo ==

=== Horudhac ===
Soojin waxaa lagu saxiixay hoosta DN Entertainment waxaana markii hore loo malaynayay inay xubin ka tahay kooxda gabdhaha soo socota ee Vividiva iyada oo ku hoos jirta magaceeda '''N.Na''' (앤나), Waxay ka qayb qaadatay dhowr bandhig iyo sawir kooxda&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Netizens uncover past photos of (G)I-DLE's Soojin from her previous debut|url=https://www.allkpop.com/article/2020/04/netizens-uncover-past-photos-of-gi-dles-soojin-from-her-previous-debut|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130073152/https://www.allkpop.com/article/2020/04/netizens-uncover-past-photos-of-gi-dles-soojin-from-her-previous-debut|archive-date=November 30, 2020|access-date=November 8, 2020|website=[[Allkpop]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  laakiin markaas ayuu kooxda ka baxay 2015kii.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=(G)I-DLE's Soojin was originally set to debut with another group – KBIZOOM|url=https://kbizoom.com/gi-dles-soojin-was-originally-set-to-debut-with-another-group|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929171557/https://kbizoom.com/gi-dles-soojin-was-originally-set-to-debut-with-another-group|archive-date=September 29, 2020|access-date=November 8, 2020|website=|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kadib sanadkii 2016, Soojin wuxuu la saxiixday Kube Entertainment.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=전소연(JEON SOYEON) - 'Jelly' Official Music Video|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=azY7skjwg6Y|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114233906/https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=azY7skjwg6Y|archive-date=January 14, 2019|access-date=|website=YouTube|publisher=United CUBE (CUBE Entertainment Official YouTube Channel)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=[MV] JEON SOYEON (전소연) _ Idle song (아이들 쏭)|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=b01dBTBzyz0|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726161500/https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=b01dBTBzyz0|archive-date=July 26, 2020|access-date=|website=YouTube|publisher=1theK (원더케이)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== [[2018]]–hada ===
{{Main|(G)I-dle}}Sannadkii 2018, waxaa loo muujiyey inay xubin ka tahay kooxda gabdhaha (G) I-dle,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Upcoming girl group (G)I-DLE introduce Soojin &amp; Shuhua|url=https://www.allkpop.com/article/2018/04/upcoming-girl-group-i-dle-introduce-soojin-shuhua|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110032541/https://www.allkpop.com/article/2018/04/upcoming-girl-group-i-dle-introduce-soojin-shuhua|archive-date=November 10, 2020|access-date=November 8, 2020|website=allkpop}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxay la doodday kooxda 2 -dii Maajo, 2018, ka dib markii la siidaayay albumkii ugu horreeyay ee kooxda, ''I Am'' iyo  heesta hoggaankeeda &quot;Latata&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=May 17, 2018|title=(G)I-DLE Go Top 5 on World Albums &amp; Song Sales Charts With Debut Releases|url=http://www.billboard.com/amp/articles/columns/k-town/8456456/g-i-dle-debut-latata-i-am-top-5-world-albums-song-sales-chart|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116094207/https://www.billboard.com/amp/articles/columns/k-town/8456456/g-i-dle-debut-latata-i-am-top-5-world-albums-song-sales-chart|archive-date=January 16, 2021|access-date=November 8, 2020|website=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=[MV] (G)I-DLE ((여자)아이들) _ LATATA|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=9mQk7Evt6Vs|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201103084646/https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=9mQk7Evt6Vs|archive-date=November 3, 2020|access-date=|website=YouTube|publisher=1theK (원더케이)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=[직격인터뷰] (여자)아이들 &quot;데뷔 20일만 1위? 생각도 못해, 초심 잃지 않겠다&quot;|url=https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2018/05/23/2018052301559.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114054353/https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2018/05/23/2018052301559.html|archive-date=January 14, 2021|access-date=November 8, 2020|website=chosun.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Maarso 4, 2021, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in Soojin uu si ku -meel -gaar ah u joojin doono dhammaan dhaqdhaqaaqyada ka dib markii lagu eedeeyay eedeymo xoog-sheegasho.&lt;ref name=&quot;herman&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/k-pop/article/3123773/why-k-pop-bullying-scandal-blowing-now-and-what-will-become-it|title=Why is the K-pop bullying scandal blowing up now and what will become of it?|access-date=March 4, 2021|archive-date=March 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309010115/https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/k-pop/article/3123773/why-k-pop-bullying-scandal-blowing-now-and-what-will-become-it|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 14-kii Ogosto, Cube Entertainment ayaa ku dhawaaqday in Soojin si rasmi ah uga baxay (G) I-dle.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='학폭 논란' 수진, (여자)아이들 탈퇴&amp;nbsp;...&amp;nbsp;5인 체제[공식][전문]|trans-title=|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002980799|via=Naver|publisher=MT Star News|language=ko|author=Gong Mi-na|date=August 14, 2021|access-date=August 14, 2021|archive-date=August 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814122545/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002980799|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyada ==
[[yue: 徐穗珍]]
&lt;references /&gt;

[[category:Nolol]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]
[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya dadka]]</text>
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      <comment>removed AMP tracking from URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|details]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|report error]]) v3.1.1s</comment>
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      <text bytes="8357" sha1="18bnglq2ft0iu0o1r9sdmyfg01vet2c" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Soojin|birth_name=Seo Soo-jin|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1998|03|09}}|birth_place=Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, Koonfur Kuuriya|module={{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| genre           = [[K-pop]]
| instrument      = Cod
| years_active    = 2018–2021
| label           = [[Cube Entertainment|Cube]]&lt;br&gt;[[Republic Records|Republic]]
| associated_acts = [[(G)I-dle]]
| website         = 
}}|image=0226 (여자)아이들 수진 포커스&amp;세로캠, 2nd 미니앨범 'I made' 쇼케이스 포토타임.png|image caption=Soojin ee 2018}}

'''Seo Soo-jin''' (dhashay Maarso 9, 1998), oo si fiican loogu yaqaanno '''Soojin''', waa fanaanad Koonfur Kuuriya. Waa xubin hore oo ka tirsan kooxda gabdhaha [[(G)I-dle]] ee hoos timaada Cube Entertainment.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cubeent.co.kr/gidle &quot;(G)I-DLE&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cubeent.co.kr/gidle |date=20201108235615 }}. Cube Entertainment.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.koreaboo.com/news/cube-entertainment-announces-gidle-soojin-withdraw-group/ (G)I-DLE's Soojin Withdraws From Group - Koreaboo].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bandwagon.asia/articles/cube-entertainment-soojin-departure-from-gidle-member-leave-group-august-2021 CUBE ENTERTAINMENT announces Soojin's departure from (G)I-DLE].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://meaww.com/cube-entertainment-announces-departure-seo-soojin-from-g-i-dle-fans-react-label-ruins-kpop-groups Why did Seo Soojin leave (G)I-dle? Cube Entertainment blasted for announcing departure of star]. ''Meaww''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sportskeeda.com/pop-culture/is-soojin-leaving-g-i-dle-cube-entertainment-releases-statement-bullying-scandal-takes-toll Is Soojin leaving (G)I-DLE? Cube Entertainment releases statement as bullying scandal takes its toll] {{Wayback|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/pop-culture/is-soojin-leaving-g-i-dle-cube-entertainment-releases-statement-bullying-scandal-takes-toll |date=20210814203504 }}. ''Sports Keeda''.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolol ==
Soojin wuxuu ku dhashay Gyeonggi, South Korea.  Waxay dhigatay Dugsiga Dhexe ee Waw oo ku yaal Hwaseong halkaas oo ardayda ay isku fasalka ahaayeen ay ku jireen jilaa carruur Seo Shin-ae.&lt;ref&gt;Dong, Sun-hwa. [https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2021/03/732_306172.html &quot; 'I was a victim': Actress Seo Shin-ae accuses (G)I-DLE's Soojin of bullying&quot;]. ''The Korea Times''.&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay markii dambe baratay qoob-ka-ciyaarka iyo taekwondo intii ay dhiganaysay dugsiga sare. Waxay go'aansatay horaantii nolosheeda inay rabto inay sii wadato xirfadda heesaha, laakiin waxay sheegtay inay ku qaadatay laba sano inay ku qanciso aabaheed inuu ku raaco go'aanadeeda.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3085244/soojin-gi-dle-girl-groups-main-dancer-whos-cutest-offstage &quot;(G) I-dle's Soojin: dancing queen who is cutest offstage&quot;]. ''South China Morning Post''. Jeff Benjamin.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shaqo ==

=== Horudhac ===
Soojin waxaa lagu saxiixay hoosta DN Entertainment waxaana markii hore loo malaynayay inay xubin ka tahay kooxda gabdhaha soo socota ee Vividiva iyada oo ku hoos jirta magaceeda '''N.Na''' (앤나), Waxay ka qayb qaadatay dhowr bandhig iyo sawir kooxda&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Netizens uncover past photos of (G)I-DLE's Soojin from her previous debut|url=https://www.allkpop.com/article/2020/04/netizens-uncover-past-photos-of-gi-dles-soojin-from-her-previous-debut|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130073152/https://www.allkpop.com/article/2020/04/netizens-uncover-past-photos-of-gi-dles-soojin-from-her-previous-debut|archive-date=November 30, 2020|access-date=November 8, 2020|website=[[Allkpop]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  laakiin markaas ayuu kooxda ka baxay 2015kii.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=(G)I-DLE's Soojin was originally set to debut with another group – KBIZOOM|url=https://kbizoom.com/gi-dles-soojin-was-originally-set-to-debut-with-another-group|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929171557/https://kbizoom.com/gi-dles-soojin-was-originally-set-to-debut-with-another-group|archive-date=September 29, 2020|access-date=November 8, 2020|website=|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kadib sanadkii 2016, Soojin wuxuu la saxiixday Kube Entertainment.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=전소연(JEON SOYEON) - 'Jelly' Official Music Video|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=azY7skjwg6Y|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114233906/https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=azY7skjwg6Y|archive-date=January 14, 2019|access-date=|website=YouTube|publisher=United CUBE (CUBE Entertainment Official YouTube Channel)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=[MV] JEON SOYEON (전소연) _ Idle song (아이들 쏭)|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=b01dBTBzyz0|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726161500/https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=b01dBTBzyz0|archive-date=July 26, 2020|access-date=|website=YouTube|publisher=1theK (원더케이)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== [[2018]]–hada ===
{{Main|(G)I-dle}}Sannadkii 2018, waxaa loo muujiyey inay xubin ka tahay kooxda gabdhaha (G) I-dle,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Upcoming girl group (G)I-DLE introduce Soojin &amp; Shuhua|url=https://www.allkpop.com/article/2018/04/upcoming-girl-group-i-dle-introduce-soojin-shuhua|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110032541/https://www.allkpop.com/article/2018/04/upcoming-girl-group-i-dle-introduce-soojin-shuhua|archive-date=November 10, 2020|access-date=November 8, 2020|website=allkpop}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxay la doodday kooxda 2 -dii Maajo, 2018, ka dib markii la siidaayay albumkii ugu horreeyay ee kooxda, ''I Am'' iyo  heesta hoggaankeeda &quot;Latata&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=May 17, 2018|title=(G)I-DLE Go Top 5 on World Albums &amp; Song Sales Charts With Debut Releases|url=https://www.billboard.com/pro/g-i-dle-debut-latata-i-am-top-5-world-albums-song-sales-chart|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116094207/https://www.billboard.com/amp/articles/columns/k-town/8456456/g-i-dle-debut-latata-i-am-top-5-world-albums-song-sales-chart|archive-date=January 16, 2021|access-date=November 8, 2020|website=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=[MV] (G)I-DLE ((여자)아이들) _ LATATA|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=9mQk7Evt6Vs|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201103084646/https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=9mQk7Evt6Vs|archive-date=November 3, 2020|access-date=|website=YouTube|publisher=1theK (원더케이)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=[직격인터뷰] (여자)아이들 &quot;데뷔 20일만 1위? 생각도 못해, 초심 잃지 않겠다&quot;|url=https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2018/05/23/2018052301559.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114054353/https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2018/05/23/2018052301559.html|archive-date=January 14, 2021|access-date=November 8, 2020|website=chosun.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Maarso 4, 2021, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in Soojin uu si ku -meel -gaar ah u joojin doono dhammaan dhaqdhaqaaqyada ka dib markii lagu eedeeyay eedeymo xoog-sheegasho.&lt;ref name=&quot;herman&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/k-pop/article/3123773/why-k-pop-bullying-scandal-blowing-now-and-what-will-become-it|title=Why is the K-pop bullying scandal blowing up now and what will become of it?|access-date=March 4, 2021|archive-date=March 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309010115/https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/k-pop/article/3123773/why-k-pop-bullying-scandal-blowing-now-and-what-will-become-it|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 14-kii Ogosto, Cube Entertainment ayaa ku dhawaaqday in Soojin si rasmi ah uga baxay (G) I-dle.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='학폭 논란' 수진, (여자)아이들 탈퇴&amp;nbsp;...&amp;nbsp;5인 체제[공식][전문]|trans-title=|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002980799|via=Naver|publisher=MT Star News|language=ko|author=Gong Mi-na|date=August 14, 2021|access-date=August 14, 2021|archive-date=August 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814122545/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=108&amp;aid=0002980799|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyada ==
[[yue: 徐穗珍]]
&lt;references /&gt;

[[category:Nolol]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]
[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya dadka]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>K-pop</title>
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      <text bytes="67802" sha1="pheqgtzloyqkggd9hxq6ca4auhmczzh" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox music genre|image=|caption=|bgcolor=Green|stylistic_origins={{flatlist|
* [[Muusikada Kuuriya]]
* [[Muusikada elektaroonigga|elektaroonigga]]
* [[Muusikada pop|pop]]
* [[dance music|dance]]
* [[gospel music|gospel]]
* [[rhythm and blues]]
* [[hip hop music|hip hop]]
* [[jazz]]
* [[contemporary folk music|folk]]
* [[classical music|classical]]
* [[country music|country]]
* [[rock music|rock]]
* [[reggae]]
* [[Experimental music|experimental]]
}}|cultural_origins=1940s, [[Koonfur Kuuriya]]|derivatives=|subgenrelist=|subgenres=|fusiongenres=|regional_scenes=|local_scenes=|other_topics=|name=K-pop}}'''K-pop'''  (케이팝; RR: ''keipap''),  gaaban muusikada caanka ah ee Kuuriya (&quot;'''K'''orean '''p'''opular music&quot;), waa nooc muusig oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Kuuriyada Koonfureed oo qayb ka ah [[Dhaqanka Koonfur Kuuriya]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Hartong 2006&quot;&gt;{{cite book|title=Musical terms worldwide: a companion for the musical explorer|last=Hartong|first=Jan Laurens|year=2006|publisher=Semar Publishers|isbn=978-88-7778-090-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/musicaltermsworl0000hart/page/15 15]|url=https://archive.org/details/musicaltermsworl0000hart|url-access=registration|access-date=December 5, 2011|quote=Since the 1990s, popular genres like rap, rock and techno house have been incorporated into Korean popular music, setting the trend for the present generation of K-pop, which often emulates American models.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa saamayn ku leh qaababka iyo noocyada ka socda adduunka oo dhan dusha sare ee xididdadeeda muusigga Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.academia.edu/12328829&lt;/ref&gt; qaab casri ah oo ka mid ah noocyada ayaa soo baxay markii la sameeyay mid ka mid ah kooxihii ugu horreeyey ee K-pop, kooxda wiilasha Seo Taiji and Boys, sannadkii 1992. Tijaabintooda qaabab kala duwan iyo noocyada muusigga iyo is-dhexgalka qaybaha muusiga ee shisheeye ayaa gacan ka geystay dib-u-qaabaynta iyo casriyeynta  Muuqaalka muusigga ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20120323001104 |access-date=2021-08-17 |archive-date=2014-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201202043/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20120323001104 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[K-pop idol|Dhaqanka casriga ah ee &quot;idol&quot; ee K-pop]] wuxuu bilaabmay 1990-maadkii, markii K-pop uu u koray dhaqan-hoosaad kaas oo urursaday taageerayaal aad u fara badan oo ah dhallinta iyo dhallinyarada waaweyn.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/5638224/the-root-of-k-pop-the-influences-of-todays-biggest-acts&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.economist.com/asia/2010/01/25/hallyu-yeah&lt;/ref&gt; Ka dib markii ay hoos u dhacday horaantii K-pop, laga bilaabo 2003 TVXQ iyo [[BoA]] waxay bilaabeen jiil cusub oo sanamyo K-pop ah oo jebiyey nooca muusigga suuqa jaarka ee Jabaan ah waxayna sii wadaan inay caan ku noqdaan K-pop maanta.&lt;ref&gt;https://books.google.com/books?id=j8lxCwAAQBAJ&lt;/ref&gt; Iyada oo ay soo ifbaxeen adeegyada isku-xirka bulshada ee internetka iyo bandhigyada TV-ga Koonfur Kuuriya, faafinta hadda ee K-pop iyo madadaalada Koonfur Kuuriya, oo loo yaqaan  [[Mowjadda Kuuriya]], laguma arko oo keliya Bariga Aasiya iyo Koonfur-bari Aasiya, laakiin sidoo kale [[Bakistaan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Hindiya]], Laatiin Ameerika, [[Waqooyiga Afrika]], [[Koonfurta Afrika]] iyo [[Bariga Afrika]], [[Bariga Dhexe]] iyo guud ahaan [[Galbeed|dunida Galbeedka]], iyagoo helay dhagaystayaal caalami ah.

Ereyga &quot;K-pop&quot; wuxuu caan ku noqday 2000-meeyadii. Markii hore, muusigga pop -ka ee Koonfur Kuuriya ayaa la oran jiray '''''gayo''''' (가요).&lt;ref&gt;https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?cid=46662&amp;docId=2458624&amp;categoryId=46662&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.nl.go.kr/ask/infoguide/view.jsp?recKey=5563739 |access-date=2021-08-17 |archive-date=2017-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602193923/http://www.nl.go.kr/ask/infoguide/view.jsp%3FrecKey%3D5563739 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;  In kasta oo &quot;K-pop&quot; uu yahay erey guud oo loogu talagalay muusigga caanka ah ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed, haddana waxaa badanaa loo adeegsadaa dareen cidhiidhi ku ah nooca halkan lagu sharraxay.  Sannadkii 2018, K-pop wuxuu la kulmay koboc aad u weyn wuxuuna noqday &quot;cayaaryahan awood&quot; taasoo calaamad u ah kororka dakhliga 17.9%. Laga soo bilaabo 2019, K-pop wuxuu ku jiraa lambarka lixaad ee tobanka suuq ee muusigga ugu sarreeya adduunka sida uu qabo Xiriirka Caalamiga ah ee Warshadaha Farshaxanka &quot;Warbixinta Muusikada Caalamiga ah ee 2019&quot;, iyadoo [[BTS]] iyo [[Blackpink]] lagu tilmaamay inay yihiin fanaaniinta hoggaaminaya kobaca suuqa.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.forbes.com/sites/caitlinkelley/2019/04/03/kpop-global-bts-blackpink-grow/#7893c0e324e2&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2020, K-pop waxay la kulantay sanad rikoor jabis ah markii ay la kulantay koror dhan 44.8% waxayna isu taagtay suuqa ugu weyn ee ugu dhaqsiyaha badan sannadka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.ifpi.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/GMR2021_STATE_OF_THE_INDUSTRY.pdf |access-date=2021-08-17 |archive-date=2021-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325211040/https://ifpi.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/GMR2021_STATE_OF_THE_INDUSTRY.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Cilmiga asalka ereyada ==
Isticmaalkii ugu horreeyay ee la yaqaan ee erayga K-pop wuxuu ka dhacay ''Billboard'' bishii Oktoobar 9, daabacaaddii 1999 dhammaadkii maqaal cinwaan looga dhigay &quot;Koonfur Kuuriya Si Loogu Ogolaado Qaar Ka Mid ah Jabaan&quot; ee Cho Hyun-jin, ka dibna wariye Kuuriya u ah  magazine, kaas oo u adeegsaday erey ballaadhan muusigga pop-ka ee Koonfur Kuuriya. Cho laftiisu, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma hubo inuu isagu ereygan curiyay, maadaama maqaallada qaarkood ay sheegeen in erayga 'K-pop' uu mar horeba adeegsan jiray gudaha warshadaha muusiga, inkasta oo uusan waligiis si shaqsi ah u maqal.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8532755/k-pop-billboard-20-years &quot;20 Years of K-Pop at Billboard&quot;]. ''Billboard''.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Astaamaha ==

=== Nuxurka ===
In kasta oo K-pop guud ahaan loola jeedo muusigga pop-ka ee Koonfur Kuuriya, qaar baa u arka inay tahay nooc dhan oo dhan oo soo bandhigaya noocyo badan oo muusik iyo muuqaal ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://seoulbeats.com/2011/10/k-pop-music-for-the-eyes-or-for-the-ears/ |access-date=2021-08-19 |archive-date=2012-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412091354/http://seoulbeats.com/2011/10/k-pop-music-for-the-eyes-or-for-the-ears/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Institut national de l'audiovisuel wuxuu K-pop ku qeexaa &quot;isku-darka muusikada la isku daray, hababka qoob-ka-ciyaarka ee fiiqan iyo moodada, dharka midabada leh&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20131103182155/http://www.inaglobal.fr/en/music/article/k-pop-story-well-oiled-industry-standardized-catchy-tunes.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Tababbarka nidaamsan ee fannaaniinta ===
{{See also|#Warshadaha}}Wakaaladaha maamulka Kuuriyada Koonfureed waxay qandaraasyo adag siiyaan fannaaniinta iman kara, mararka qaarkood markay da 'yar yihiin.  Tababarayaashu waxay ku wada nool yihiin jawi nidaamsan waxayna saacado badan maalintii ku qaataan barashada sida loo heeso, dheesha, loogu hadlo luuqadaha ajnabiga, iyo inay sameeyaan xirfado kale si loogu diyaariyo kulankooda ugu horreeya. Nidaamkan tababarka ee &quot;robotiga&quot; ah ayaa inta badan waxaa dhaleeceeya warbaahinta reer galbeedka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Chosun Ilbo&quot;&gt;http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2011/10/27/2011102700691.html.&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2012 -kii, Wargeyska ''The Wall Street Journal'' waxa uu qoray in kharajka tababarka hal farshaxaniiste oo hoos yimaada [[SM Entertainment]] uu celcelis ahaan gaaray 3 million oo Dollar.&lt;ref&gt;https://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2012/02/06/can-girls-generation-break-through-in-america/.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Noocyada isku-dhafka ah iyo qiyamka caalamiga ah ===
[[File:Search_volume_for_kpop.svg|thumb|300x300px|Raadi mugga K-pop muddada 2008–2012 marka loo eego [[Google Trends]].]]
K-pop waa badeecad dhaqameed oo leh &quot;qiyam, aqoonsi iyo macneyaal ka baxsan qiimahooda ganacsi ee adag.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=K-pop – The International Rise of the Korean Music Industry|last=Choi|first=JungBong and Roald Maliangkay|publisher=Routledge|year=2015|isbn=9781138775961|location=New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggSNoAEACAAJ}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa lagu gartaa isku darka dhawaaqyada casriga ah ee reer Galbeedka iyo saamaynta Afrikaan-Ameerika (oo ay ku jiraan dhawaaqyada Hip-hop, R&amp;B, Jazz, pop pop, nafta, funk, farsamada, diskooga, guriga, iyo Afrobeats) oo leh dhinac Kuuriyada waxqabadka (oo ay ku jiraan dhaqdhaqaaqyada qoob-ka-ciyaarka ee la iswaafajiyay, isbeddellada samayska iyo waxa loogu yeero &quot;barta dheesha&quot; oo ka kooban jillaab iyo dhaqdhaqaaqyo muhiim ah oo soo noqnoqda).  Waxaa la xusay in ay jirto &quot;aragti casriyeyn&quot; ah oo ku jirta dhaqanka pop-ka Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Hybridity and the rise of Korean popular culture in Asia|volume=28|pages=25–44|year=2005|author=Doboo Shim|journal=National University of Singapore|doi=10.1177/0163443706059278|citeseerx=10.1.1.489.921|s2cid=204327176}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Isticmaalka weedho Ingiriis ah ====
[[File:Yoon_Mi_Rae_and_Tiger_JK.jpg|alt=A woman and a man holding microphones. The man is gesturing to one side.|thumb|Farshaxanka Hip-hop-ka [[Yoon Mi-rae]] iyo seygeeda [[Tiger JK]] ee Drunken Tiger, ayaa lagu tiriyaa inay caan ka noqdeen hip-hop-ka Mareykanka ee Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Park|first1=T. K.|last2=Kim|first2=Youngdae|title=A Brief History of Korean Hip-hop|url=https://www.vulture.com/2019/01/a-brief-history-of-korean-hip-hop.html|access-date=February 25, 2019|work=[[Vulture (magazine)|Vulture]]|date=January 15, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:I_Am_Korea_concert_2015_g.o.d.jpg|alt=Five men singing, wearing black and white suits.|thumb|[[g.o.d]] ee &quot;I Am Korea&quot; xaflad, 2015]]
K-pop-ka casriga ah waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay adeegsiga weedho Ingiriis ah. Jin Dal Yong oo ''Popular Music and Society'' wuxuu qoray in adeegsiga ay saameyn ku yeelan karto &quot;Kuuriyaan-Mareykan iyo/ama Kuuriyaan ah oo wax ku bartay Mareykanka [kuwaas oo] si buuxda uga faa'iideysta af-ingiriisiga iyo kheyraadka dhaqanka ee aan inta badan laga helin kuwa lagu soo koray oo wax ku bartay Kuuriya.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Jin 113–1312&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Jin|first1=Dal Yong|last2=Ryoo|first2=Woongjae|date=December 13, 2012|title=Critical Interpretation of Hybrid K-Pop: The Global-Local Paradigm of English Mixing in Lyrics|journal=Popular Music and Society|volume=37|issue=2|pages=113–131|doi=10.1080/03007766.2012.731721|s2cid=143689845|issn=0300-7766}}&lt;/ref&gt; Muusigga pop-ka Kuuriya ee heesayaasha ama kooxaha Kuuriya-Ameerika sida Fly to the Sky, g.o.d, Rich, Yoo Seung-jun, iyo Drunken Tiger waxay leeyihiin qaab-dhismeed Mareykan ah iyo erayo Ingiriis ah labadaba.  Muusigyadan fannaaniinta ah ee Kuuriya-Ameerika waxay leeyihiin qaab ka duwan muusigga Kuuriya ee caadiga ah, kaasoo soo jiita xiisaha dhallinyarada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jin 113–1312&quot; /&gt;  Waxaa sii kordhaya, qorayaasha iyo soosaarayaasha heesaha shisheeye ayaa loo shaqaaleeyaa inay ka shaqeeyaan heesaha sanamyada K-pop, sida [[Will.i.am]] iyo Sean Garrett.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2011/apr/20/k-pop-sweden-pelle-lidell|title=Behind the music: What is K-Pop and why are the Swedish getting involved?|last=Lindvall|first=Helienne|date=April 20, 2011|work=The Guardian|location=London|access-date=March 27, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fannaaniin shisheeye, oo ay ka mid yihiin [[Akon]], [[Kanye West]], Ludacris, iyo [[Snoop Dogg]], ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo bandhigay heesaha K-pop.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.fuse.tv/2013/02/kpop-connections-infographic|title=The K-Pop/U.S. Music Connections You Never Knew Existed|last=Xu|first=Tina|publisher=[[Fuse (TV channel)|Fuse]]|access-date=March 7, 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Todobaad 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715235752/https://www.fuse.tv/2013/02/kpop-connections-infographic|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/global/1098373/secrets-behind-k-pops-global-success-explored-at-sxsw-panel|title=Secrets Behind K-Pop's Global Success Explored at SXSW Panel|last=Hampp|first=Andrew|quote=The American hip-hop community's recent interest in K-pop has helped open a lot of doors for other artists and managers Stateside, too.|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=March 28, 2013|date=March 16, 2012|archive-date=Bisha Todobaad 4, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704234020/http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/global/1098373/secrets-behind-k-pops-global-success-explored-at-sxsw-panel|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shirkadaha madadaalada waxay gacan ka geystaan ​​fidinta K-pop meelo kale oo adduunka ah iyada oo loo marayo habab kala duwan. Fannaaniintu waxay u baahan yihiin inay adeegsadaan Ingiriisiga maadaama shirkaduhu rabaan inay qabsadaan suuqyada qaybaha kale ee Aasiya, taasoo u saamaxaysa inay aakhirka furaan suuqa Galbeedka.  Inta badan fannaaniinta K-pop waxay bartaan Ingiriisiga maxaa yeelay waa luqad caan ka ah adduunka muusigga, laakiin fannaaniinta qaarkood waxay kaloo bartaan afaf kale oo ajnabi ah sida Jabaan si ay ugu soo dhowaadaan suuqa Jabaan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jin 113–1312&quot; /&gt;  Sidoo kale, tirooyinka sii kordhaya ee kooxaha K-pop waxay adeegsadaan magacyada Ingiriiska halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen Kuuriya. Tani waxay u oggolaanaysaa heesaha iyo fannaaniinta in suuq loo geliyo dhagaystayaal ballaadhan oo adduunka ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jin 113–1312&quot; /&gt;&lt;!--Bariga Aasiya waxay leedahay luuqado badan oo kala duwan, taas oo ka dhigaysa duubista Ingiriisiga ikhtiyaar shaqo si loo buuxiyo farqiga luuqadda ee khalkhal gelinaya isgaarsiinta muusigga ee caalamiga ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, malaha sababta oo ah fannaaniintu ma rabaan inay qaataan halista ah inay soo bandhigaan aqoonsi khaldan, ikhtiyaarkan sida badan lama isticmaalo inta badan.  Fanaaniinta fahmi kara labada dhaqan oo si fiican ugu hadla Ingiriisiga sida [[Tata Young]] iyo [[Utada Hikaru]] ayaa leh guusha ugu badan iyaga oo adeegsanaya habkan si ay u helaan suuqyo muusig oo caalami ah. Sababta inta jeer ee istiraatiijiyaddu ay aad ugu hooseyso ayaa ah in fannaaniin badan oo Aasiya Bari ahi aysan lahayn xirfado Ingiriis oo aad u wanaagsan, kuwaas oo dadku inta badan faallo ka bixiyaan heesaha Ingiriisiga heesaha.  Waxaa ka sii muhiimsan, mawjadda muusigga ee Bariga Aasiya kaliya maahan dhawaaqyada iyo alaabada muusigga. Socodka luqadda iyo aqoonsiga ayaa la yimaada mowjadda Bariga Aasiya, in badan oo ka mid ah qulqulladan ayaa awood u siin doona cilmi -baarayaasha inay si fiican u fahmaan socodka caalamiga ah ee muusigga Bariga Aasiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Benson|first=Phil|date=January 2013|title=English and identity in East Asian popular music|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/popular-music/article/english-and-identity-in-east-asian-popular-music/89BC456C9A2FEA66D58DC36FD613FB3B|journal=Popular Music|language=en|volume=32|issue=1|pages=23–33|doi=10.1017/S0261143012000529|issn=0261-1430}}&lt;/ref&gt;

--&gt;Si kastaba ha ahaatee, adeegsiga Ingiriisiga ma damaanad qaadin sumcadda K-pop ee suuqa Waqooyiga Ameerika.  Faallooyinka qaarkood, sababta tan ayaa ah sababta oo ah nooca waxaa loo arki karaa inuu yahay nooc muusiko reer Galbeedka ah, taasoo ku adkeyneysa K-pop inuu ka helo oggolaanshaha suuqyadan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jin 113–1312&quot; /&gt;  Sida laga soo xigtay cilmibaarista Elaine W. Chun, in kasta oo isku-dhafka ayaa marar badan ka muuqda K-pop, mararka qaarkoodna xitaa waxay ka dhigi kartaa taageerayaasha inay aad u jeclaadaan xiddigaha K-pop maxaa yeelay waa cusub, cusub oo xiiso leh, way adag tahay in la beddelo kuwa rumaysta  oo ku habboon luuqad saafi ah. Taas macnaheedu waa in qaabkii asalka ahaa ee luuqaddu ay weli adag tahay in la beddelo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Chun|first=Elaine W.|date=February 2017|title=How to drop a name: Hybridity, purity, and the K-pop fan|journal=Language in Society|language=en|volume=46|issue=1|pages=57–76|doi=10.1017/S0047404516000828|issn=0047-4045|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Magacyada fannaaniinta, magacyada heesaha, iyo heesaha ayaa muujiyey koboc weyn xagga adeegsiga ereyada Ingiriisiga  Ma jiro heesayaal ku jira kontonkii jaantus ee ugu sareeyay 1990 magacyadooda Ingiriisiga ku lahaa: dadka ka shaqeeyey warshadaha muusigga Kuuriya waxay u arkeen iyagoo adeegsanaya magacyada Kuuriya heer ahaan.  Sannadkii 1995, fannaaniintii ugu caansanaa sida Kim Gun-mo, Park Mi-kyung, Park Jin-young, Lee Seung-chul, iyo Byun Jin-sub ayaa wali adeegsan jiray magacyada Kuuriya, laakiin afar iyo toban ka mid ah fannaaniinta iyo kooxaha ku jira kontonka sare magacyada Ingiriiska, oo ay ku jiraan DJ DOC, 015B, Piano, iyo Solid. Dhibaatadii dhaqaale ee 1997 ka dib, dawladdu waxay joojisay faafreebka heesaha Ingiriisiga waxayna Kuuriya bilaabatay inay ku booddo Ingiriisiga. Tan iyo dabayaaqadii 1990 -meeyadii, adeegsiga Ingiriisiga ee magacyada fannaaniinta, magacyada heesaha, iyo heesaha ayaa si dhakhso leh u koray. Toddoba iyo toban fannaniin ah oo ku jira kontonka sare ee sare waxay adeegsadeen magacyo Ingiriis sannadkii 2000, soddon iyo kowna waxay sidaas sameeyeen sannadkii 2005. Sannadkii 2010, kow iyo afartan fannaaniin ayaa magacyada Ingiriisiga ka dhex adeegsan jiray kontonka heesood ee ugu sarreeya, laakiin sida caadiga ah, saddex ama afar fannaaniin iyo koox ayaa ka badan hal ama laba heesood oo ku yaal shaxda isku mar. Magacyada Kuuriya (sida Baek Ji-young, Seo In-young, iyo Huh Gak) ayaa si aad ah loo arkaa, heesayaal badan oo K-pop ah ayaa leh magacyo Ingiriis ah (sida [[IU (singer)|IU]], Sistar, T-ara, GD &amp; TOP, Beast, and [[After School]]). Waxaa xusid mudan, ilaa horraantii 1990 -meeyadii, fannaaniinta leh magacyo Ingiriis ah ayaa ku turjumi doona [[hangul]], laakiin hadda fannaaniintu waxay adeegsan doonaan magacyo Ingiriis ah oo lagu qoray xuruufta Roomaanka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jin 113–1312&quot; /&gt;

==== Dhaleeceynta aqoonsiga isku-dhafan ====
Waxaa jiray jawaabo xasaasi ah oo ku saabsan Kuuriyada Koonfureed oo ku saabsan aqoonsiga nooca tan iyo markii uu koray.  Qaar ka mid ah dhaleeceeyayaasha muusiga ee caanka ah ee gobolka ayaa ku dhaleeceeyay K-pop inay tahay &quot;sumad warshadeed oo inta badan loogu talagalay inay kor u qaaddo sumadda qaranka ee suuqa adduunka bilowgii&quot; waxayna ku doodeen inaysan &quot;si iskeed ah u abuurin dhaqan pop qorshaha la soo abaabulay oo ay hoggaaminayso dowladda iyada oo tixgelin ganacsi la siinayo &quot;in kasta oo xaqiiqda ah&quot; noocyadu ficil ahaan xiriir kuma laha aqoonsiga Kuuriyada dhaqameed&quot;. Waxaa sidoo kale jira aragti ah in magaca hiddaha laga soo qaatay [[J-pop]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://h21.hani.co.kr/arti/culture/culture_general/29888.html|title=[레드 기획]케이팝, 진단이 필요해|website=h21.hani.co.kr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=http://ch.yes24.com/Article/View/24536|title=가요, 케이팝 그리고 너머|last=Shin|first=Hyun-joon}}&lt;/ref&gt;

K-pop ayaa mararka qaar la kulantay dhaleeceyn saxafiyiinta u aragta in muusikadu tahay qaaciido iyo mid aan asal ahayn.&lt;ref name=&quot;fast music2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/biz/2012/02/123_100092.html|title=K-pop grows on disposable 'fast music'|date=April 12, 2011|work=The Korea Times|access-date=March 27, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://qz.com/725161/kpop-feature/|title=Hallyu, K-pop! Inside the weirdest, most lucrative global frenzy in music|last=Wang|first=Amy X.|date=July 30, 2016|work=QUARTZ|access-date=April 11, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/2126242/k-pop-infectious-disease-not-cultural-export-be-proud|title=K-pop is an infectious disease, not a cultural export to be proud of|last=Lhatoo|first=Yonden|date=December 30, 2017|work=South China Morning Post|access-date=April 10, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2012/10/08/factory-girls-2|title=Factory Girls|last=Seabrook|first=John|date=October 8, 2012|work=The New Yorker|access-date=April 11, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qaar ka mid ah kooxaha K-Pop ayaa lagu eedeeyay inay khiyaameeyeen falalka muusigga reer Galbeedka iyo sidoo kale falalka kale ee muusigga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Herald|first=The Korea|date=2018-01-19|title=Star producer Teddy’s plagiarism controversies drag on|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20180119000830|access-date=2021-04-25|website=www.koreaherald.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intaa waxaa dheer, K-pop waxaa lagu dhaleeceeyay ku [[K-pop#Isticmaalka weedho Ingiriis ah|tiirsanaanta weedhaha Ingiriisiga]], iyada oo dadka naqdiya ay ku tilmaamaan adeegsiga Ingiriisiga cinwaannada &quot;macno darro&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2011/apr/20/k-pop-sweden-pelle-lidell|title=Behind the music: What is K-Pop and why are the Swedish getting involved?|last=Lindvall|first=Helienne}}&lt;/ref&gt; [https://ntnm.co.kr/ 엔타임뉴스] [https://wbwedding.co.kr 웨딩뉴스]

Kooxaha K-pop-ka ayaa si joogto ah loogu eedeeyaa inay u [[Qoondaynta dhaqanka|qoondeeyeen dhaqammada]] sida dhaqanka Afrikaanka-Ameerika, gaar ahaan sababtuna tahay isticmaalka joogtada ah ee galleyda iyo baandooyinka ee kooxaha sanamyada qaab-dhismeedka masraxa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailydot.com/upstream/kpop-hip-hop-culture-appropriation/|title=When K-pop culturally appropriates|last=Tucci|first=Sherry|date=April 2, 2016|work=The Daily Dot|access-date=April 10, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kooxaha K-Pop ayaa sidoo kale lagu eedeeyay inay u qoondeeyeen Dhaladka Mareykanka&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://seoulbeats.com/2012/08/k-pop-and-cultural-appropriation-cool-culture/|title=K-pop and Cultural Appropriation: &quot;Cool&quot; Culture|date=August 24, 2012|work=Seoulbeats|access-date=April 10, 2018|archive-date=Bisha Saddexaad 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303052157/https://seoulbeats.com/2012/08/k-pop-and-cultural-appropriation-cool-culture/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo dhaqamada Hindida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/ikrd/omg-ohmygirl|title=This K-Pop Girl Group Is Being Accused Of Appropriating Indian Culture|last=Dahir|first=Ikran|date=July 21, 2016|work=Buzzfeed|access-date=April 10, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dooddu waxay ku saabsan tahay in amaahda qaybaha dhaqanka ee dhaqammada ka baxsan Kuuriya ay dhab ahaan ka dhigan tahay qoondayn dhaqameed, ama haddii qoondayntan dhaqanku ay taban tahay haba yaraatee. Aqoonyahan Crystal S. Anderson ayaa qoray &quot;in loo qoondeeyo waxyaabaha dhaqanka iyada oo laga saarayo macnahoodii hore oo loo adeegsado si gebi ahaanba ka duwan si toos ah uma noqonayso qoondayn dhaqan oo taban&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://highyellow.me/2013/01/12/of-misconceptions-about-cultural-appropriation-in-k-pop/|title=Of Misconceptions About Cultural Appropriation in K-pop|last=Anderson|first=Crystal|date=January 12, 2013|website=High Yellow|access-date=April 10, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Suuqgeynta ===&lt;!-- Soo noqoshada (K-pop) dib-u-jeedinta halkan, tani waa sababta ereygaas loogu dhiirran yahay --&gt;
Hay'ado badan ayaa u soo bandhigay dhagaystayaal kooxo sanamyo cusub ah iyada oo loo marayo &quot;shirkii ugu horreeyay&quot;, kaas oo ka kooban suuq -geynta onlaynka iyo dhiirrigelinta baahinta telefishanka ee ka soo horjeeda raadiyaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;npr 20121012&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2012/10/12/162740623/gangnam-style-three-reasons-k-pop-is-taking-over-the-world|title=Gangnam Style: Three Reasons K-Pop Is Taking Over The World|last=Chace|first=Zoe|publisher=NPR|date=October 12, 2012|access-date=December 26, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kooxaha waxaa la siiyaa magac iyo &quot;fikrad&quot;, oo ay la socoto jillaab suuq geyn.  Fikradahaasi waa nooca mawduuca muuqaalka iyo muusigga ee kooxaha sanamyadu adeegsadaan marka ugu horreysa ama soo noqoshada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theodysseyonline.com/12-concepts-styles-korean-pop-stars|title=12 Concepts and Styles in K-Pop|date=February 8, 2016|work=The Odyssey Online|access-date=2018-11-15|language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Fikradaha ayaa is beddeli kara inta u dhexeysa furitaannada iyo taageerayaasha inta badan waxay kala soocaan fikradaha kooxda wiilka iyo fikradaha kooxda gabdhaha.  Fikradaha ayaa sidoo kale loo qaybin karaa inta u dhexaysa fikradaha guud iyo fikradaha mawduucyada, sida quruxsan ama khiyaaliga ah.  Kooxaha sanamyada cusub ayaa badanaaba soo bixi doona iyaga oo wata fikrad si fiican suuqa looga yaqaan si ay u helaan guul guul leh.  Mararka qaarkood waaxyo-hoosaadyo ama kooxo-hoosaadyo ayaa laga dhex abuuraa xubnaha jira. Laba koox hoosaad oo tusaale ah waa Super Junior-K.R.Y., Oo ka kooban xubnaha Super Junior Kyuhyun, Ryeowook, iyo Yesung, iyo Super Junior-M, oo noqday mid ka mid ah kooxaha ugu badan ee iibiya K-pop ee Shiinaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/kpopkoreasmusica0000kall|url-access=registration|title=K-Pop: Korea's Musical Explosion|last=Kallen|first=Stuart A.|publisher=Twenty-First Century Books|year=2014|isbn=9781467720427|page=[https://archive.org/details/kpopkoreasmusica0000kall/page/37 37]&amp;ndash;38}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Suuqgeynta internetka waxaa ku jira fiidyowyo muusig oo lagu dhajiyay YouTube si loo gaaro dhagaystayaasha adduunka oo dhan.&lt;ref name=&quot;npr 20121012&quot; /&gt; Kahor fiidiyaha dhabta ah, kooxdu waxay sii deyneysaa sawirro teaser ah iyo isjiidka.  Wareegyada dhiirrigelinta ee kelida xigta ayaa la yiraahdaa '''Soo noqoshada''' &lt;!-- FIIRO GAAR AH: Ujeeddada laga iftiimiyay tan iyo erayga ayaa tilmaamaya halkan --&gt;xataa marka muusik -yahanka ama kooxda su'aashu aysan joogsan.&lt;ref name=&quot;ramstadwsj2&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/korearealtime/2012/12/31/korea-counts-down-not-just-to-new-year-but-to-new-girls-album/|title=Korea Counts Down Not Just To New Year, But to New Girls' Album|last=Ramstad|first=Evan|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|quote=K-pop news sites for the past couple of weeks have seemed to have some new video or bit of Girls-related gossip to chew over once or twice a day. There's been a &quot;drama&quot; teaser and a &quot;dance&quot; teaser (that's the one above) and countdown videos from each of the group's nine members... One of the unique things about album releases by K-pop artists is that they are routinely called 'comebacks' even when there's been no evidence that the musician or group went away or, in the conventional sports usage of the term, experienced a setback or loss.|access-date=January 5, 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Lixaad 6, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606142118/https://blogs.wsj.com/korearealtime/2012/12/31/korea-counts-down-not-just-to-new-year-but-to-new-girls-album/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Qoob ka ciyaarka ===
[[File:'강렬한_데뷔'_느와르,_한편의_느와르_영화_같은_격렬한_사운드_-NOIR_(디패짤).webm|start=60|end=130|thumb|Qoob-ka-ciyaarka &quot;Gangsta&quot;, oo ah qoob-ka-cayaarka elektaroonigga ah ee Noir, waxaa ka mid ah barta dheesha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=정|first1=준화|title=[SC현장] &quot;롤모델은 방탄소년단&quot;...느와르, 벌써 '핫' 한 9인조 (종합)|url=http://sports.chosun.com/news/ntype.htm?id=201804100100075380005500&amp;servicedate=20180409|access-date=March 9, 2019|work=스포츠조선|date=April 9, 2018|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Qoob-ka-ciyaarka waa qayb muhiim u ah K-pop.  Marka la isku darayo fannaaniin badan, fannaaniintu waxay badiyaa beddelaan boosaskooda marka ay heesaan iyo dheesha iyagoo dhaq -dhaqaaqyo dhaqso leh ka samaynaya isku -dheelitirnaanta, istiraatiijiyad la yiraahdo &quot;is -beddelidda qaab -dhismeedka&quot; (자리바꿈, ''Jaribaggum'').&lt;ref name=&quot;Groove Nation&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=유튜브 센세이션, 그루브네이션(Groove Nation)과 인터뷰|url=https://kpopalltime.wordpress.com/tag/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A3%A8%EB%B8%8C%EB%84%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%98/|access-date=December 27, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228000717/https://kpopalltime.wordpress.com/tag/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A3%A8%EB%B8%8C%EB%84%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%98/|archive-date=December 28, 2017|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qoob-ka-ciyaarka K-pop (안무, ''Anmu'') inta badan waxaa ka mid ah waxa loogu yeero &quot;barta dheesha&quot; (포인트 안무), isagoo tixraacaya qoob -ka -ciyaarka oo ka kooban jillaab iyo dhaqdhaqaaqyo soo noqnoqda oo dheesha dhexdeeda ah oo u dhigma astaamaha heesta.&lt;ref name=&quot;asiaone&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=K-pop's second wave|url=http://www.asiaone.com/News/Latest%2BNews/Asia/Story/A1Story20110822-295555.html|access-date=December 27, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;K-Pop success&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=K-Pop success for easy choreography|url=http://english.donga.com/srv/service.php3?biid=2013041629988|access-date=December 27, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Super Junior ee &quot;Sorry Sorry&quot; iyo Brown Eyed Girls ee &quot;Abracadabra&quot; waa tusaalayaal heesaha leh qoob ka ciyaarka &quot;barta&quot; dheesha.  Si aad qoob -ka -cayaar ugu samayso hees waxay u baahan tahay in qorayaashu ay tixgeliyaan waqtiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;the verge&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/10/18/3516562/k-pop-invades-america-south-korea-pop-music-factory|title=K-Pop takes America: how South Korea's music machine is conquering the world|date=October 18, 2012|access-date=December 27, 2017|website=The Verge}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sida laga soo xigtay Ellen Kim, oo ah qoob -ka -ciyaarka Los Angeles, awoodda taageere ee ah inuu sameeyo tillaabooyin isku mid ah waa in sidoo kale la tixgeliyaa. Sidaa awgeed, qoob-ka-ciyaarka K-pop waa inay fududeeyaan dhaqdhaqaaqa.&lt;ref name=&quot;the verge&quot; /&gt;
[[File:(24K(투포케이))_4집_날라리(Superfly)_안무_영상_(사복ver.).jpg|alt=Seven young men performing synchronised dance moves, wearing casual clothing. Some of them have dyed hair.|thumb|24K qoob -ka -ciyaarka istuudiyaha tababarka]]
Tababbarka iyo u diyaargarowga lagama maarmaanka u ah fannaaniinta K-pop si ay ugu guuleystaan ​​warshadaha iyo qoob-ka-ciyaarka si guul leh waa kuwo xooggan. Xarumaha tababarku waxay horumariyaan xirfadaha qoob -ka -ciyaarka ee dhalinyarada si loo siiyo fursad ay ku noqdaan heesaa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://broadly.vice.com/en_us/article/8x49y3/inside-k-pop-training-centers-korea|title=Inside the Intense Training Centers Where Young Girls Compete to Be K-Pop Stars|date=October 5, 2016|work=Broadly|access-date=2018-10-15|language=en-us|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2018-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107104303/https://broadly.vice.com/en_us/article/8x49y3/inside-k-pop-training-centers-korea|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tababbarka jidhku waa midka ugu weyn ee xoogga la saaro dugsiga, maadaama inta badan jadwalka ardaygu ku salaysan yahay dheesha iyo jimicsiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt; Summadaha madadaalada ayaa aad loo xushay, sidaa darteed in yar baa caan ka dhigta.  Ardayda dugsigu waa inay naftooda u huraan qoob-ka-ciyaarka si ay ugu diyaargaroobaan jadwalka xoogga leh ee ay qabtaan kooxaha K-pop.  Tani, dabcan, waxay ka dhigan tahay in tababarku sii socdo haddii la saxiixo. Shirkaduhu waxay leeyihiin xarumo tababar oo aad u weyn kuwa la doortay. &lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt;

=== Moodo ===
{{See also|Moodo ee Koonfur Kuuriya}}Soo bixitaankii Seo Taiji and Boys 1992-kii waxay dhabaha u xaaraysay horumarinta kooxaha K-pop ee casriga ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Jin|first=Dal Yong|date=April 20, 2017|title=Critical Discourse of K-pop within Globalization|url=http://illinois.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.5406/illinois/9780252039973.001.0001/upso-9780252039973-chapter-006|volume=1|language=en|doi=10.5406/illinois/9780252039973.003.0006|isbn=9780252098147|publisher=University of Illinois Press}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kooxdu waxay wax ka beddeshay masraxa muusigga Kuuriya iyaga oo ku daray heesaha rap iyo heesaha hip-hop-ka Mareykanka muusikadooda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Lie|first=John|date=2012|title=What Is the K in K-pop? South Korean Popular Music, the Culture Industry, and National Identity|journal=Korea Observer|volume=43|pages=339–63}}&lt;/ref&gt; Qaadashadan qaabka reer Galbeedka waxay ku fidday moodooyinkii ay xirnaayeen kooxda wiilka: xubnuhu waxay qaateen bilicsanaanta hip-hop.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=K-pop : popular music, cultural amnesia, and economic innovation in South Korea|last=John|first=Lie|isbn=9780520958944|location=Oakland, California|oclc=893686334|date=November 24, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dharka Seo iyo koox-kooxeedyada wareegga xayeysiinta ee &quot;Nan Arayo&quot; (난 알아요, I Know) waxaa ku jiray dhar-waddo firfircoon sida funaanado waaweyn iyo funaanado dhidid ah, dabaylaha, guud-xidhashada hal suunka ah, jaakadaha duuban oo leh hal lug oo surwaal la duubay,  iyo funaanadaha kooxda isboortiga Mareykanka.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}}

Maadaama K-pop &quot;uu ka dhashay isbeddellada Seo kadib,&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt; Muusikada caanka ah ee Kuuriyaanka oo isu beddelaysa warbaahinta ay dhallinyaradu ku badan tahay, kooxaha sanamyada dhallinta ee la soo saaray ayaa bilaabay dooddooda badhtamihii iyo dabayaaqadii 1990-meeyadii,&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; xirashada dharka isku -duwaha&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20171018000840|title=[Herald Interview] Girls' Generation's stylist caps K-pop fashion industry over years|last=Herald|first=The Korea|date=October 18, 2017|access-date=2018-05-07|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  taas oo ka tarjumaysay isbeddellada moodada caanka ah ee dhallinyarada xilligaas. Moodo Hip-hop, oo loo tixgeliyey qaabkii ugu caansanaa dabayaaqadii 90meeyadii.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.retrowaste.com/1990s/fashion-in-the-1990s/|title=1990s Fashion: Styles, Trends, History &amp; Pictures|website=www.retrowaste.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-05-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[File:BBV7.jpg|alt=Two women dancing, wearing colourful, trendy clothing and with exposed midriffs|thumb|Xubno ka tirsan [[Baby Vox]] oo soo bandhigaya ee 2004]]
In kasta oo labiska kooxaha sanamyada labadoodaba lagu dhisay nidaamyo midab leh oo isku mid ah, marooyin, iyo qaabab, haddana dharkii uu xidhnaa xubin kasta ayaa wali sii wata shaqsiyaddii.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|jstor=10.3998/mpub.7651262|title=Hallyu 2.0: The Korean Wave in the Age of Social Media|last1=KWAK|first1=NOJIN|last2=RYU|first2=YOUNGJU|date=2015|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=9780472072521|editor-last=Lee|editor-first=Sangjoon|doi=10.3998/mpub.7651262|editor2-last=Nornes|editor2-first=Abé Mark|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z0r8rQEACAAJ}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhinaca kale, kooxaha sanamyada dumarka ah ee '90meeyadii ayaa soo xirtay dhar isku mid ah, oo inta badan isku si loo qaabeeyo.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt; Dharka loogu talagalay sanamyada dheddig inta lagu guda jiro dallacsiinta hore waxay inta badan diiradda saaraan muujinta sawir aan dambi lahayn, dhallinyaranimo.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Shim|first=Doobo|date=2006|title=Hybridity and the Rise of Korean Popular Culture in Asia|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_media-culture-society_2006-01_28_1/page/29|journal=Media, Culture &amp; Society|volume=28|pages=29|doi=10.1177/0163443706059278|s2cid=204327176}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[S.E.S. (band)|S.E.S.]] ee &quot;[[I'm Your Girl (album)|I'm Your Girl]]&quot; (1997), iyo [[Baby Vox]] &quot;[[Ya Ya Ya]]&quot; (1998) waxaa lagu soo bandhigay gabdho ku lebisan dhar cad, &quot;To My Boyfriend&quot; oo uu qoray [[Fin.K.L]] wuxuu muujinayaa sanamyo ku jira dharka iskuulka ee casaanka ah, iyo &quot;One&quot; iyo &quot;End&quot; ee Chakra ayaa soo bandhigay dharkii Hindiga iyo Afrikaanka.

Maadaama K-pop uu noqday isku-dhafka casriga ah ee dhaqamada reer Galbeedka iyo Aasiya laga soo bilaabo dabayaaqadii 2000-meeyadii,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|jstor=10.5406/j.ctt18j8wkv.9|title=New Korean Wave|date=2016|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=9780252039973|editor-last=JIN|editor-first=DAL YONG|series=Transnational Cultural Power in the Age of Social Media|pages=111–130|doi=10.5406/illinois/9780252039973.001.0001|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_IWjjgEACAAJ|last1=Jin|first1=DAL Yong|chapter=Critical Discourse of K-pop within Globalization}}&lt;/ref&gt; moodada K-pop waxay muujisay kala duwanaansho iyo kala soocid sidoo kale.  Isbeddellada moodada laga soo bilaabo dabayaaqadii 2000 -meeyadii illaa horraantii 2010 -yadii ayaa inta badan lagu kala saari karaa kuwa soo socda:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Kim|first=Yun|date=Spring 2012|title=K-pop 스타의 패션에 관한 연구|url=http://www.ksfd.co.kr/neowiz/board/up_files/files_1/2012_vol12no2_02_ky.pdf|journal=Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion Design|volume=12|issue=2|pages=17–37}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Wadada: wuxuu diiradda saarayaa shaqsiyadda;  waxay leedahay midabyo dhalaalaya, qaab-dhismeed isku-dhafan, daabacaad garaafyo, iyo magacyo isboorti sida Adidas iyo Reebok.&lt;!--Faallooyinkaasi waxay bixiyaan tusaalooyinka laga helay isha: (sida. 2NE1 - Fire, SHINee - Ring Ding Dong)--&gt;

* Retro: ujeeddadiisu tahay inay soo celiso &quot;hore&quot; laga soo bilaabo 1960 -kii illaa 1980 -yadii;  qoreysa dhibco daabacan iyo qaabab faahfaahsan. Alaabta dharka caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah jaakadaha denim-ka, surwaalka kabaha lagu gooyay, surwaalka ballaaran, xargaha timaha, garbasaarrada, iyo muraayadaha qorraxda.&lt;!--(sida. Wonder Girls - Nobody, Tiara - Roly Poly)--&gt;

* Galmada: waxay iftiiminaysaa dheddignimada iyo ragannimada; waxay soo bandhigtaa dhar muujinaya satin, xargo, dhogor, iyo maqaar.  Alaabta dharka caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah goonnada yaryar, koorsooyinka, sharabaadadka saafiga ah, cidhibta dhaadheer, jaakadaha aan gacmaha lahayn, iyo funaanadaha la arko.&lt;!--(sida. Girls' Generation - The Boys, After School, TVXQ - Mirotic, 2PM)--&gt;

* Madow &amp; Caddaan: wuxuu xooga saaraa casriga iyo xiisaha leh, wuxuu astaan ​​u yahay xarrago iyo karti, inta badan lagu dabaqo xirashada rasmiga ah.&lt;!-- (sida. Girls' Generation - Genie, Super Junior - Sorry Sorry, Beast - Fiction)--&gt;

* Futurism-ka: sida caadiga ah lagu xidho noocyada elektiroonigga ah iyo hip-hop;  wuxuu muujiyaa alaab midab leh, faahfaahin macdan ah iyo daabac;  wuxuu kor u qaadaa aragtida mustaqbalka.&lt;!-- (sida. 2NE1 - I am the Best, Wonder Girls - Like Money)--&gt;
{{multiple image|align=left|total_width=1000|header=|image1=2NE1 2009 MAMA.jpg|alt1=Four women wearing colourful, mismatched casual clothing and trendy sneakers|caption1=2NE1 oo fulineysa I don't Care—tusaale qaabka wadada|image2=Wonder Girls from acrofan cropped.jpg|alt2=Five women with beehive hairstyles wearing matching golden sheath dresses and elbow-length gloves|caption2=Wonder Girls oo fulineysa Nobody—tusaale qaabka retro|image3=2PM,a Korean boy band - 5865346497 (cropped).jpg|alt3=Six men wearing form-fitting black sleeveless shirts, leather pants, and combat boots. They have prominent eye makeup and each has a different gelled hairstyle.|caption3=2PM—tusaale qaabka galmada|image4=MBLAQ_in_2010_(cropped).jpg|alt4=Five men with bowl haircuts and eyeliner wearing close-fitting, shiny suits—some black with white embellishment, others white with black embellishment.|caption4=[[MBLAQ]]— tusaale qaabka madow &amp; caddaan|footer=}}{{clear}}K-pop wuxuu saameyn weyn ku leeyahay moodada Aasiya, halkaas oo isbeddellada ay sanamyada ka bilaabeen ay raacaan dhagaystayaasha dhallinta yar.&lt;ref name=&quot;inquirer2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/14895/k-pops-slick-productions-win-fans-across-asia|title=K-pop's slick productions win fans across Asia|date=September 21, 2011|publisher=Inquirer|access-date=April 2, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanamyada qaarkood waxay u dejiyeen xaalad sida astaamaha moodada, sida G-Dragon&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2012/12/25/2012122500365.html|title=G-Dragon Voted Best-Dressed Celebrity of the Year|work=[[The Chosun Ilbo]]|date=December 25, 2012|access-date=March 2, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo CL, oo si joogta ah ula soo shaqeeyay naqshadeeyaha moodada Jeremy Scott.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.papermag.com/jeremy-scott-and-cl-on-moschino-pop-culture-and-the-power-of-girls-1427634656.html|title=Jeremy Scott and CL On Moschino, Pop Culture and the Power Of Girls|last=PAPERMAG|website=PAPERMAG|access-date=April 12, 2016|date=August 26, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2253244/jeremy-scott-cl-paper-mag/|title=Bow Down To The Ultimate Besties Jeremy Scott And CL In 'Paper' Mag|website=MTV News|access-date=April 12, 2016|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 23, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423153209/http://www.mtv.com/news/2253244/jeremy-scott-cl-paper-mag/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sida laga soo xigtay borofisar Ingyu Oh, &quot;K-pop wuxuu xooga saaraa dhuuban, dhaadheer, iyo dheddig muuqaal ahaan qaangaarka ama mararka qaarkood aad u qurux badan wajiga, iyadoon loo eegayn inay yihiin fannaaniin lab ama dheddig ah.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|first=Ingyu|last=Oh|title=The Globalization of K-pop: Korea's Place in the Global Music Industry|access-date=January 15, 2020|url=https://www.academia.edu/4732546|page=402}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Warshadaha ==

=== Wakaaladaha ===
K-pop waxay dhalisay warshado dhan oo ka kooban guryo wax soo saar muusig, shirkado maareyn dhacdooyin, qaybiyayaal muusig, iyo badeecado kale iyo adeeg bixiyayaal.  Saddexda shirkadood ee ugu waaweyn xagga iibka iyo dakhliga ayaa kala ah [[SM Entertainment]], [[YG Entertainment]] iyo [[JYP Entertainment]], oo inta badan loogu yeero 'Saddexda Weyn'.&lt;ref name=&quot;big32&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://english.donga.com/srv/service.php3?biid=2011072657978|title=The big 3 of Korean pop music and entertainment|date=July 26, 2011|publisher=The Dong-A Ilbo|access-date=February 5, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Summadahan diiwaanka ayaa sidoo kale u shaqeeya wakaaladaha wakiillada fannaaniintooda.  Waxay mas'uul ka yihiin qorista, maalgelinta, tababarka, iyo suuq-geynta fannaaniinta cusub iyo sidoo kale maareynta dhaqdhaqaaqyadooda muusigga iyo xiriirka dadweynaha.  Hadda, wakaaladda ugu saamiga badan suuqa waa SM.&lt;ref name=&quot;big32&quot; /&gt;  Sannadkii 2011, oo ay weheliyaan Star J Entertainment, AM Entertainment, iyo Key East, Shirkadaha Saddexda Weyn ayaa aasaasay shirkadda maareynta wadajirka ah United Asia Management.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.allkpop.com/2011/09/united-asia-management-to-hold-a-talent-meeting-at-the-16th-busan-international-film-festival|title=United Asia Management to hold a 'talent meeting' at the 16th 'Busan International Film Festival'|date=September 8, 2011|publisher=Allkpop|access-date=March 1, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;UAM2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hancinema.net/global-star-agency-united-asia-management-29846.html|title=Global Star Agency, United Asia Management|date=May 6, 2011|publisher=Hancinema|access-date=March 1, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://uam.asia/|title=UAM -United Asia Management|website=uam.asia|access-date=April 12, 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313204038/http://uam.asia/|archive-date=March 13, 2016|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+Dakhliga guud ee summadaha rikoodhada K-pop (oo ah malaayiin doolarka Mareykanka ah)
!Sanadkii la aasaasay
!Calaamadda diiwaanka
!2008
!2010
!2011
!2012
!2013
!2014
!2015
!2016
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
!Source
|-
|1995
|[[SM Entertainment]]
|42.5
|87.1
|129
|241
|268
|286.9
|290
|314
|329
|551
|592
|521
|&lt;ref name=&quot;smbillion&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=S.M. Entertainment (041510:KOSDAQ): Financial Statements|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=041510:KS|magazine=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]|access-date=March 29, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100302142038/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=041510:KS|archive-date=March 2, 2010|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|1996
|[[YG Entertainment]]
|16.5
|51.8
|70.3
|96.9
|116.6
|156.3
|170
|286.4
|321.5
|242
|228
|229
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|title=YG Entertainment (122870:KOSDAQ): Financial Statements|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=122870:KS|magazine=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]|access-date=March 29, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723213322/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=122870:KS|archive-date=July 23, 2013|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|1997
|[[JYP Entertainment]]
|3.1
|9.1
|17.8
|13.5
|21.4
|48.5
|50.56
|69.5
|94
|111
|139
|129
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|title=JYP Entertainment Corp (035900:KOSDAQ): Financial Statements|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=035900:KS|magazine=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]|access-date=March 29, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723213343/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=035900:KS|archive-date=July 23, 2013|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}

=== Qiimaha iibka iyo suuqa ===
Sannadkii 2009, DFSB Kollective wuxuu noqday qaybiyaha koowaad ee K-pop ee [[iTunes]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2013227,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100829073951/http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2013227,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 29, 2010|title=Korean Pop, with Online Help, Goes Global|date=August 26, 2010|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|quote=DFSB Kollective was the first company to begin direct distribution of Korean music acts on iTunes, in 2009. It began with more than 50 Korean artists in the alternative, hip-hop and electronica genres; now there are hundreds of Korean artists available in the online music store.|access-date=April 3, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sanadkii 2011, 1,100 album ayaa laga sii daayay Koonfur Kuuriya. Nooca hip-hop wuxuu lahaa matalaadda ugu badan, saddex meelood laba meel wadarta albumyada.&lt;ref name=&quot;케이팝에 왜 열광하지?…케이팝의 두 얼굴2&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.pressian.com/article/article.asp?article_num=30120109101331|last=이|first=동연|date=January 11, 2012|newspaper=PRESSian|language=ko|script-title=ko:&quot;케이팝에 왜 열광하지?&quot;…케이팝의 두 얼굴|access-date=March 11, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Saddex-meelood meel albumsyadu waxay ka yimaadeen noocyo kala duwan.&lt;ref name=&quot;케이팝에 왜 열광하지?…케이팝의 두 얼굴2&quot; /&gt;

Sannadkii 2012, celceliska qiimaha helitaanka heesaha K-pop ee Koonfur Kuuriya ayaa gaadhay US $ 0.10 si loo soo dejiyo hal mar, ama $ 0.002 markii lagu baahiyay internetka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/cashing-gangnam-styles-youtube-fame|title=PSY's riches from 'Gangnam Style' not made at home|agency=Associated Press|quote=South Koreans pay less than $10 a month for a subscription to a music service that allows them to download hundreds of songs or have unlimited access to a music streaming service. That makes the cost of a downloaded song about 10 cents on average. The average price for streaming a song is 0.2 cents.|access-date=December 30, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130113112915/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/cashing-gangnam-styles-youtube-fame|archive-date=January 13, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://world.time.com/2012/03/07/south-koreas-greatest-export-how-k-pops-rocking-the-world/|title=South Korea's Greatest Export: How K-Pop's Rocking the World|date=March 7, 2012|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=April 28, 2013|archive-date=Bisha Sagaalaad 16, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916232241/http://world.time.com/2012/03/07/south-koreas-greatest-export-how-k-pops-rocking-the-world/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;billboardrevenue3&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/474456/psys-gangnam-style-the-billboard-cover-story?page=0%2C1|title=PSY's 'Gangnam Style': The Billboard Cover Story|last=Kwak|first=Donnie|quote=The Korean music industry grossed nearly $3.4 billion in the first half of 2012, according to Billboard estimates, a 27.8% increase from the same period last year.|work=Billboard|access-date=November 2, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Dakhliga iibka ee warshadaha muusikada ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed laga soo bilaabo 2014 illaa 2018 (bilyan doolarka Mareykanka)
|-
|-
|-
!Sanad
!Lacagta
|-
!2014
!4.1
|-
!2015
!4.5
|-
!2016
!4.75
|-
!2017
!5.2
|-
!2018
!5.5
|-
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+Soo-koobidda Suuqa Suuqa (Muddo 5-sano ah) (Bilowga soo-koobidda sannadka) summadaha diiwaanka (ee Kuuriya Won (KRW)
!Calaamadda diiwaanka
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
!2021
!source
|-
|[[SM Entertainment]]
|26,000 KRW
|33,700 KRW
|52,200 KRW
|37,200 KRW
|29,900 KRW
|&lt;ref name=&quot;smstocks&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{cite google|title=S.M. Entertainment (041510:KOSDAQ): Financial Statements|url=&lt;/nowiki&gt;https://www.google.com/finance/quote/041510:KOSDAQ?sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjV14CRvKzwAhXTN30KHaxrByQQ_AUoAXoECAEQAw&amp;window=5Y&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|[[JYP Entertainment]]
|4,880 KRW
|13,350 KRW
|30,250 KRW
|24,200 KRW
|37,800 KRW
|&lt;ref name=&quot;JYPstocks&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{cite google|title=JYP Entertainment (041510:KOSDAQ): Financial Statements|&lt;/nowiki&gt;https://www.google.com/finance/quote/035900:KOSDAQ?sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiOz5uwvKzwAhVTHzQIHaNZBr4Q_AUoAXoECAEQAw&amp;window=5Y&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|[[YG Entertainment]]
|28,400 KRW
|27,600 KRW
|48,900 KRW
|28,400 KRW
|45,100 KRW
|&lt;ref name=&quot;YGstocks&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{cite google|title=YG Entertainment (041510:KOSDAQ): Financial Statements|url=&lt;/nowiki&gt;https://www.google.com/finance/quote/122870:KOSDAQ?sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiN8_GhiKXwAhXZJTQIHfWZCc0Q_AUoAXoECAEQAw&amp;window=5Y&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}

=== Jaantusyada diiwaanka ===
Jaantusyada rikoodhka Kuuriya waxaa ka mid ah Kuuriya [[K-Pop Hot 100]] iyo [[Shaxda Dijital Gaon|Shaxda Heesaha Gaon]].  Qaar ka mid ah diiwaannada K-pop ayaa ka muuqday [[Oricon Albamyada Shaxda]] ee Jabaan iyo [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] ee Mareykanka.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/6084721/exo-k-overdose-ep-enters-billboard-200&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/bts-make-history-as-they-become-the-first-korean-band-to-enter-the-official-albums-chart-with-wings__16676/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/7542131/bts-wings-highest-charting-best-selling-kpop-album-billboard-200&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://headlineplanet.com/home/2017/02/12/bts-spring-day-not-today-reach-top-20-us-itunes-sales-chart-you-never-walk-alone-also-rising/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/foo-fighters-secure-their-fourth-number-1-on-the-official-albums-chart-with-concrete-and-gold__20501/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Thomas, C. (2018). BTS: The K-Pop Group That Finally Won America Over. Forbes.Com, 5.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20200901173118/https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/chart-beat/9442836/bts-dynamite-tops-hot-100-chart&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/8462635/blackpink-k-pop-history-hot-100-billboard-200&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nidaamka tababbarka ===
{{See also|Qandaraaska addoonta|label 1=}}Sida waafaqsan K-pop-ka casriga ah, tababarayaashu waxay maraan nidaam tababar oo adag waqti aan la cayimin kahor intaan la bilaabin.  Habkan waxaa caan ku ahaa Lee Soo-man, aasaasihii S.M,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/lee-soo-man-taking-korean-pop-culture-global|title=Lee Soo Man: Taking Korean Pop Culture Global|website=Stanford Graduate School of Business|access-date=April 12, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; oo qayb ka ah fikradda lagu tilmaamay &quot;farsamada dhaqanka&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2012/10/08/factory-girls-2|title=Factory Girls|last=Seabrook|first=John|date=October 8, 2012|newspaper=The New Yorker|issn=0028-792X|access-date=April 12, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''The Verge'' ayaa tan ku tilmaamay nidaam &quot;xad-dhaaf ah&quot; oo ah maareynta farshaxanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/10/18/3516562/k-pop-invades-america-south-korea-pop-music-factory|title=K-Pop takes America: how South Korea's music machine is conquering the world|last=Flatley|first=Joseph|website=The Verge|access-date=October 19, 2012|date=October 18, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;newforce392&quot;&gt;''K-Pop: A New Force in Pop Music'', p. 39&lt;/ref&gt;

Sababtoo ah muddada tababarka, oo socon karta sannado badan, iyo xaddiga badan ee hay'adaha maalgashiga ee la siinayo tababarayaashooda, warshaduhu aad bay u culus yihiin inay bilaabaan fannaaniin cusub. Tababarayaashu waxay geli karaan wakaalad iyagoo adeegsanaya baaritaanno ama la baari doono, oo marka la qoro la siiyo hoy iyo fasallo (caadiyan heesta, qoob ka ciyaarka, iyo luqadaha shisheeye sida Mandarin, Ingiriis iyo Jabbaan) inta ay isku diyaarinayaan kulankooda ugu horreeya. Dhalinyarada tababbarka ah ayaa mararka qaarkood iskuulka taga waqti isku mid ah  Ma jiro xadka da'da si aad u noqotid tababaraha mana jiro wax ku eg muddada uu qofku ku qaadan karo tababar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://business.financialpost.com/2014/08/02/how-korea-became-the-worlds-coolest-brand/|title=How Korea became the world's coolest brand|date=August 2, 2014|newspaper=Financial Post|access-date=January 18, 2015|first=Melissa|last=Leong}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/korearealtime/2012/05/03/journey-to-k-pop-star-i-am|title=Journey to K-Pop Star, 'I Am.' – Korea Real Time|last=Woo|first=Jaeyeon|date=May 3, 2012|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=September 17, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/4143/20120207/yg-jyp-sm.htm|title=KPop's Frontiers: How Does the Big 3 Teach Foreign Languages to Their Trainees?|date=February 7, 2012|publisher=Kpopstarz.com|access-date=March 1, 2012|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Labaad 10, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210222849/http://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/4143/20120207/yg-jyp-sm.htm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Telefishanka ===
[[File:20160730-P1000788_(28888844071).jpg|right|thumb|Kooxda gabdhaha ku-meel-gaarka ah ee ka kooban 11-ka xubnood ee I.O.I waxaa lagu soo ururiyey barnaamijka telefishanka Produce 101.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Herman|first1=Tamar|title=Temporary K-Pop Acts Like Wanna One, JBJ &amp; I.O.I Are the New Norm|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8454629/temporary-k-pop-acts-wanna-one-jbj-ioi-new-norm|access-date=March 9, 2019|work=Billboard|date=May 7, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Warshadaha muusigga Kuuriya waxay dhaleen bandhigyo TV oo badan oo la xiriira, oo ay ku jiraan bandhigyo hibo leh sida ''Superstar K,'' ''K-pop Star'', ''Show Me the Money,'' ''Unpretty Rapstar,'' and many other shows, which commonly pit trainees against each other in order to form a new idol group. iyo bandhigyo kale oo badan, kuwaas oo inta badan iska hor keena ardayda si ay u sameeyaan koox sanam oo cusub. Tusaalooyinka bandhigyada badbaadada waxaa ka mid ah ''MyDOL''-ka Jellyfish Entertainment, oo sameeyay kooxda wiilka VIXX.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Sung Si Kyung to feature debut process of idol stars through 'Mydol'|url=http://www.allkpop.com/article/2012/03/sung-si-kyung-to-feature-debut-process-of-idol-stars-through-mydol#axzz2r72X3ocq|access-date=March 28, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/5428/my-dols-ten-potential-members-revealed-ahead-of-show-premiere|title=Jellyfish Male Trainees Revealed Ahead of ′My Dol′ Premiere|publisher=CJ E&amp;M enewsWorld|access-date=March 19, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329114621/http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/5428/my-dols-ten-potential-members-revealed-ahead-of-show-premiere|archive-date=March 29, 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[YG Entertainment]] ee ''WIN: Who Is Next'', oo sameeyay kooxda Winner; ''MIX&amp;MATCH'', oo sameeyay kooxda iKon; [[JYP Entertainment]] ee ''[[Sixteen (TV series)|Sixteen]]'', oo sameeyay kooxda [[Twice]]; Starship Entertainment's ''No.Mercy'', oo sameeyay kooxda Monsta X; Cube Entertainment's ''Pentagon Maker'', oo sameeyay kooxda Pentagon; [[Mnet]] ee ''Produce 101'', oo sameeyay kooxda I.O.I, Iz*One, iyo Wanna One iyo X1;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Sung|first1=So-young|title=TV competition aims to form a K-pop supergroup|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3014227|work=[[JoongAng Ilbo#Korea JoongAng Daily|Korea JoongAng Daily]]|access-date=January 25, 2016|archive-date=Bisha Koobaad 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126002240/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=3014227|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Kim|first1=Ji-young|title=Produce 101' girl group to be named 'IOI'|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201604011905149913238_2|website=Kpop Herald|access-date=April 2, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ref1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Ko|first1=Dong-hwan|title=101 girls down to 'I.O.I'|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/04/201_201874.html|website=Korea Times|publisher=The Korea Times|access-date=April 7, 2016|date=April 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duble Kick Entertainment ee ''Finding Momo Land'', oo sameeyay kooxda Momoland; Mnet ee ''Idol School,'' oo sameeyay kooxda Fromis 9; iyo kii ugu dambeeyay, Belift Lab ee ''I-Land'', oo sameeyay Enhypen. Kordhinta bandhigyadan, oo inta badan ku lug leh hay'ado waaweyn oo qandaraas siiya tababarayaasha hay'adaha yar yar kooxaha mashruuca oo qaadanaya qayb weyn oo dakhliyada ah, ayaa horseeday dhaleeceyn ku aaddan ka-hor-tagga warshadaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8031250/k-pop-audition-shows-produce-big-results-south-korea-music-industry|title=K-Pop Audition Shows Produce Big Results, But Cause Concerns Over Industry's Future|last=Herman|first=Tamar|date=December 11, 2017|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=2018-07-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20171025000927|title=Yet another idol competition show 'The Unit' unveiled|last=Hong|first=Dam-young|date=October 25, 2017|work=[[The Korea Herald]]|access-date=2018-07-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dhaleeceynta dhaqamada warshadaha ===

==== Musuqmaasuqa ====
Sannadkii 2002, majaladda ''[[Majladda Time|Time]]'' ayaa soo warisay in soo-saareyaasha telefishanka Kuuriya sida Hwang Yong-woo iyo Kim Jong-jin loo xiray inay &quot;aqbaleen lacag-bixinno miiska hoostiisa ah oo dammaanad-ka-bixitaannada TV-ga u muujinaya fannaaniinta iyo fannaaniinta damacsan&quot; si ay wax uga qabtaan &quot;musuqmaasuqa nidaamsan&quot;  ganacsiga muusikada ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed &quot;. Shirkadaha la baaray waxaa ka mid ahaa SidusHQ iyo S.M.&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated12&quot; /&gt;

==== Ka faa'iidaysiga iyo duruufaha nololeed ee liita ====
Shirkadaha maamulka K-pop ayaa sidoo kale lagu dhaleeceeyay ka faa'iidaysiga sanamyada iyada oo loo marayo shaqo-dhaaf iyo qandaraasyo xaddidan, oo lagu tilmaamay &quot;qandaraasyada addoonta&quot; warbixin ''BBC''.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBCdark4&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-13760064|title=The dark side of South Korean pop music|date=June 14, 2011|access-date=January 6, 2012|publisher=BBC}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sida laga soo xigtay ''The Hollywood Reporter'', &quot;Ganacsiga madadaalada ee Kuuriya ayaa caan ku ah wax-ka-beddel la'aan iyo sharci la'aan. Xiddigaha K-pop-ka loo baahan yahay-oo badankoodu yihiin 'sanamyo' dhallinyaro ah '-ayaa lagu yaqaannay inay ku celceliyaan oo ay hurdo la'aan seexdaan.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/south-korean-law-protect-young-717098|title=South Korean Law to Protect Young K-Pop Stars From Sexualization, Overwork|work=The Hollywood Reporter|access-date=April 13, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Luulyo 2009, S.M. waxaa maxkamad geeyey TVXQ iyo xubin Super Junior ah, kuwaas oo ku andacooday in xaaladooda shaqo ay horseeday waxyeelo caafimaad darro.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://world.kbs.co.kr/english/entertainment/enter_chart_detail.htm?No=10722|title=Will TVXQ Stay Together?|date=October 28, 2009|work=KBS World|access-date=October 28, 2009|archive-date=Bisha Saddexaad 22, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322010109/http://world.kbs.co.kr/english/entertainment/enter_chart_detail.htm?No=10722|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://star.mt.co.kr/view/stview.php?no=2009122215270135930&amp;type=1&amp;outlink=1&lt;/ref&gt; Go’aanka maxkamadda ee dacwada TVXQ ayaa lagu go’aamiyay heshiiska ay la galeen S.M. madhan, oo ugu dambayntii Guddida Ganacsiga Caddaaladdu waxay sii daysay tusaalooyin qandaraas si ay u habayso xaaladaha warshadaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBCdark4&quot; /&gt;

Sannadkii 2014 -kii, Koonfur Kuuriya waxay meel -marisay sharci lagu hago warshadaha muusigga, iyadoo sanamyada ka yar 19 jir ka ilaalinaya dhaqamada foosha xun iyo bandhigyada galmada&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wonderingsound.com/news/south-korea-passes-law-regulating-k-pop-industry/ South Korea Passes Law Regulating K-Pop Industry] {{Wayback|url=http://www.wonderingsound.com/news/south-korea-passes-law-regulating-k-pop-industry/ |date=20140804122719 }} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140804122719/http://www.wonderingsound.com/news/south-korea-passes-law-regulating-k-pop-industry/|date=August 4, 2014}} WonderingSound.com (July 8, 2014). Retrieved on August 3, 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; iyo damaanad qaadka &quot;xuquuqda aasaasiga ah ee wax-barashada, nasashada iyo hurdada&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; Ku guul darreysiga u hoggaansanaanta xeerarkan waxay horseedi kartaa ganaax u dhigma US $ 10,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt;

Xirfadlayaasha warshadaha sida Kim Young-min ayaa difaacay nidaamka, iyagoo ku doodaya in shaqsiyaadka lagu dhex tababaray nidaamka “aysan ka duwanayn carruurta caadiga ah ee dugsiga dhexe ama sare, kuwaas oo aada barnaamijyada dugsiga kadib si ay ugu ciriiriyaan imtixaannada gelitaanka kulliyadda”.  Kim wuxuu kaloo ku dooday inay jirto baahi loo qabo in la tixgeliyo kharashaadka ay shirkaddu gashay muddadii uu tababarku socday, oo ay ku jiraan &quot;tas -hiilaadka, qalabka, dharka, iyo ku dhawaad ​​wax kasta oo tababaruhu u baahan yahay&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Park|first=Gil-Sung|date=2013|title=Manufacturing Creativity: Production, Performance|url=https://www.ekoreajournal.net/sysLib/down.php?file=..%2FUPLOAD%2FT_articles%2F2(Gil-Sung_PARK).pdf|journal=Korea Journal|volume=53|issue=4|pages=14–33|doi=10.25024/kj.2013.53.4.14|doi-access=free|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=2021-08-20|archive-date=2018-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412082058/https://www.ekoreajournal.net/sysLib/down.php?file=..%2FUPLOAD%2FT_articles%2F2(Gil-Sung_PARK).pdf|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Maarso 7, 2017, Guddiga Ganacsiga Caddaaladda ee Koonfur Kuuriya (KFTC) ayaa meel mariyay xeerar cusub si looga ilaaliyo sanamyada tababbarka sharuudaha aan caddaaladda ahayn iyo xaaladaha shaqada. Xeerarkan ka hor, sanamyada tababbarka ee siddeed hay'adood oo sanamyada looma oggola inay qandaraas ka raadsadaan hay'ad kale intii ay tababarka ku jireen. Intaa waxaa dheer, hay'aduhu waxay awoodeen inay joojiyaan heshiiska tababaraha wakhti kasta sabab kasta ha ahaatee. Guddiga Cadaaladda wuxuu sheegayaa inay rumaysan yihiin in isbeddelladaani &quot;ay ka dhalan doonaan dhaqan heshiis oo caddaalad ku dhisan oo ku dhex jira warshadaha madadaalada ee u dhexeeya tababaraha iyo hay'adda.&quot; Hadda, xeerarkani waxay khuseeyaan oo keliya siddeed wakaaladood oo sanamyo waaweyn laakiin Wasaaradda Dhaqanku waxay damacsan tahay inay xeerarkan ku dabaqdo dhammaan hay'adaha jira 2018 oo dhan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.koreaboo.com/longform/new-contractual-changes-cause-concern-within-music-industry|title=New contractual changes cause concern within music industry|date=March 9, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Galmada iyo ka faa'iidaysiga galmada ====
{{Main|Galmada iyo ka faa'iidaysiga galmada ee K-pop}}Warshadaha ayaa lagu dhaleeceeyay galmo galinta labada fannaaniin lab iyo dheddig, iyadoo galmo ahaan loo geeyay carruurta aan qaangaarka ahayn.&lt;ref name=&quot;sexualizing&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20110720000617|title=Should a law ban sexualizing of K-pop teens?|last=Power|first=John|date=July 20, 2011|work=Korea Herald|access-date=April 10, 2018|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180411180723/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20110720000617|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhaleeceeyayaasha ayaa ku dooday gabdhaha gabdhaha ah ee heesaya inay si gaar ah ugu nugul yihiin cadaadiska inay xirtaan dhar qaawan ama qoob ka ciyaar.&lt;ref name=&quot;sexualizing&quot; /&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka la barbardhigo muusikada caanka ah ee reer galbeedka, K-pop wuxuu leeyahay galmo yar, daroogo, ama dabeecad dagaal badan wuxuuna leeyahay sumcad waalidnimo badan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Oakeley|first1=Lucas|title=How K-pop became a propaganda tool|url=https://theoutline.com/post/4269/k-pop-propaganda-south-korea-north-korea-demilitarized-zone?zd=1&amp;zi=nms4d5dz|access-date=April 25, 2018|work=[[The Outline (website)|The Outline]]|date=April 24, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Caafimaadka maskaxda ====
Qaar ka mid ah fanaaniinta K-pop ayaa soo jeediyay in hubanti la’aanta iyo cadaadiska shaqooyinkooda ee madadaalada ay wax u dhimi karto caafimaadkooda maskaxeed.&lt;ref name=&quot;kyung&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Herman|first=Tamar|title=2018 Sees K-pop Stars Addressing Mental Health Stressors in Industry|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8369832/k-pop-stars-talk-mental-health|date=April 23, 2018|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=December 5, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ismiidaaminta fannaaniinta caanka ah ee K-pop ayaa soo jiitay cadaadiska warshadaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;variety mental health&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Kil|first1=Sonia|title=Jonghyun Suicide Note Points to Brutal Pressure of Korean Spotlight|url=https://variety.com/2017/music/asia/shinee-jonghyun-dies-dead-suicide-note-k-pop-pressure-1202644698/|access-date=January 27, 2019|work=Variety|date=December 19, 2017|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 1996-kii, fannaanka Charles Park, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Seo Ji-won, ayaa ku dhintay ismiidaamin isagoo 19 jir ah, ka hor intii aan la sii dayn albumkiisii ​​labaad.&lt;ref name=&quot;variety mental health&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=History of K-pop: 1992-1995, The Beginning|url=http://seoulbeats.com/2016/01/history-of-k-pop-1992-1995-the-beginning/|website=seoulbeats|access-date=January 27, 2019|date=January 10, 2016|archive-date=Bisha Koobaad 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104230923/http://seoulbeats.com/2016/01/history-of-k-pop-1992-1995-the-beginning/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kim Jonghyun, oo hore u furfurnaa taariikhdiisa [[Niyadjabka|niyad-jabka]], ayaa sidoo kale ku dhintay is -dilid bishii Diseembar 2017.&lt;ref name=&quot;variety mental health&quot; /&gt; Gugii 2018, tiro ka mid ah fannaaniinta caanka ah ee Kuuriya ayaa ka qaybgalay taxane riwaayad oo lacag la'aan ah si kor loogu qaado wacyiga ka-hortagga is-dilka.&lt;ref name=&quot;kyung&quot; /&gt; Sanadkii 2019, geeridii [[Sulli]] ee is -dilida muuqata, waxaa xigay geeridii [[Goo Hara]], oo labaduba loo geystey xoog sheegashada internetka, oo lagu daray baaqyada dib-u-habeynta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Park|first=Ju-won|title=Singer Goo Hara's Death Shines Light on the Dark Side of K-Pop|url=https://time.com/5741058/dark-side-of-kpop-pressure-death/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128225033/https://time.com/5741058/dark-side-of-kpop-pressure-death/|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 28, 2019|date=November 28, 2019|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=December 5, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Kwon|first=Jake|title=After another K-pop death, spotlight turns to difficulties faced by industry's 'perfect' stars|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/11/30/entertainment/kpop-pressures-goo-hara-sulli-intl-hnk-scli/index.html|date=December 2, 2019|work=[[CNN]]|access-date=December 5, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-12-18|title=Are Jonghyun, Sulli and Goo Hara victims of the K-pop industry?|url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/celebrity/article/3042466/are-jonghyun-sulli-and-goo-hara-victims-k-pop-industry|access-date=2021-02-24|website=South China Morning Post|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyada ==
[[yue: K-pop]]
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:K-pop]]</text>
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    <title>Lee Sung-kyung</title>
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      <text bytes="1005" sha1="qdjxb4cbn0ziyaje0h471dzoxlbdly2" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Lee Sung-kyung|image=Lee Sung-kyung on October 18, 2019 at Jimmy Choo event 02.jpg|image_upright=1.15|landscape=|alt=|caption=Lee ee 2019|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1990|08|10}}|birth_place=|alias={{hlist|Lee Sung-kyoung|Biblee}}|alma_mater=[[Jaamacadda Haweenka Dongduk]]|occupation=|years_active=2008–hada|agent=[[YG Entertainment|YG]]|height=|awards=|module=}}
'''Lee Sung-kyung'''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=LEE SUNG-KYOUNG|url=http://ygstage.com/yg-profile/about?star=lee-sung-kyoung&amp;profile_id=11794|website=YG Entertainment|access-date=February 19, 2017|archive-date=April 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170413113117/http://ygstage.com/yg-profile/about?star=lee-sung-kyoung&amp;profile_id=11794|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; waa fanaan iyo atariisho Koonfur Kuuriya.

== Tixraacyada ==


&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Atariishayasha filimada Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Atariishayasha telefishanka Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya dadka]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2212" sha1="0euuffya9evlietbrd5m8q2n2id3x04" xml:space="preserve">{{Italic title}}{{Infobox film|name=April Snow|image=|caption=|director=[[Hur Jin-ho]]|producer=Bae Yong-guk|writer=Shin Joon-ho&lt;br /&gt;Lee Won-sik&lt;br /&gt;Seo Yu-min&lt;br /&gt;Lee Il&lt;br /&gt;Hur Jin-ho|starring=[[Bae Yong-joon]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Son Ye-jin]]|music=Jo Seong-woo|cinematography=[[Lee Mo-gae]]|editing=Lee Eun-su|studio=Blue Storm Co., Ltd.|distributor=Show East|released={{Start date|2005|9|8}}|country=Koonfur Kuuriya|runtime=|language=Kuuriyan|budget=|gross=|native_name=}}'''''April Snow''''' waa 2005 [[Filimada jaceylka|filim jaceyl]] Koonfur Kuuriya ah oo ay wada qoreen isla markaana hagayaan Hur Jin-ho, oo uu jilayo [[Bae Yong-joon]] iyo [[Son Ye-jin]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Son Ye-jin to Star Alongside Bae Yong-joon in New Film|url=http://www.koreanfilm.or.kr/jsp/news/news.jsp?mode=VIEW&amp;seq=163|website=[[The Korea Times]] via Korean Film Biz Zone|accessdate=14 May 2015|date=24 December 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170917033339/http://www.koreanfilm.or.kr/jsp/news/news.jsp?mode=VIEW&amp;seq=163|archive-date=17 September 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Lee|first1=Min-a|title=Romantic tale appeals, particularly to Japanese|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=2610141|website=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]|accessdate=14 May 2015|date=24 August 2005|archive-date=31 Bisha Sideedaad 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831013933/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=2610141|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Lee|first1=Seung-jae|title=I, Myself Am in Forbidden Love|url=http://english.donga.com/srv/service.php3?biid=2005082573728|website=[[The Dong-a Ilbo]]|accessdate=14 May 2015|date=25 August 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=''April Snow'' no Walk in The Park for Bae Yong-joon|url=http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2005/08/26/2005082661002.html|website=[[The Chosun Ilbo]]|accessdate=14 May 2015|date=26 August 2005|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150305010313/http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2005/08/26/2005082661002.html|archivedate=5 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyada ==


&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Filimada Koonfur Kuuriya]]</text>
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      <text bytes="3897" sha1="ovpzygcpfbgpf82q7vwizg6c4mqh8kq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox company|name=JYP Entertainment Corporation|industry=|logo=JYP Entertainment Logo.svg|image=|image_caption=|type=[[Shirkadda dadweynaha|Dadweynaha]]|traded_as=|founder=[[Park Jin-young]]|area_served=Adduunka oo dhan|key_people=Wook Jung ([[Madaxa fulinta]])|services=|native_name=JYP 엔터테인먼트|products=|genre=[[K-pop]]|revenue={{increase}} US$128&amp;nbsp;milyan (2019)|net_income={{increase}} US$26.4&amp;nbsp;milyan (2019)|owner=|num_employees=235&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=㈜JYP엔터테인먼트 기업정보 - 잡코리아 |url=http://m.jobkorea.co.kr/company/1845948 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170930085526/http://m.jobkorea.co.kr/company/1845948 |archive-date=September 30, 2017 |access-date=June 28, 2017 |website=Job Korea}}&lt;/ref&gt;|divisions=|homepage=|foundation={{Start date and age|1997|04|25}}|location_city=[[Seoul]]|location_country=[[Koonfur Kuuriya]]|location=[[Degmada Gangdong|Gangdong]]}}'''JYP Entertainment Corporation''' (JYP 엔터테인먼트)  waa madadaalada caalamiga ah ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed iyo sumadda duubista sumcadda oo la aasaasay 1997 oo uu sameeyay [[Park Jin-young]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=K-Pop Powerhouse JYP Signs with the Orchard for Global Distribution|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/8501875/jyp-entertainment-orchard-global-distribution-deal-kpop|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190830203156/https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/8501875/jyp-entertainment-orchard-global-distribution-deal-kpop|archive-date=August 30, 2019|access-date=August 30, 2019|website=Billboard}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waa mid ka mid ah shirkadaha madadaalada ee ugu waaweyn Koonfur Kuuriya,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Herman|first=Tamar|title=TWICE's Label JYP Entertainment Rises To No. 1 Market Capitalization Among K-Pop Agencies|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tamarherman/2018/08/30/twice-got7s-label-jyp-entertainment-rises-to-no-1-market-capitalization-among-k-pop-agencies/#22bae9a01382|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121022256/https://www.forbes.com/sites/tamarherman/2018/08/30/twice-got7s-label-jyp-entertainment-rises-to-no-1-market-capitalization-among-k-pop-agencies/#22bae9a01382|archive-date=November 21, 2018|access-date=November 22, 2018|work=Forbes}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxayna u shaqaysaa sidii sumad diiwaangashan, wakaalad karti leh, shirkad soosaarka muusikada, shirkad maareynta dhacdada, shirkadda soosaarka riwaayada, iyo madbacadda muusikada.&lt;ref name=&quot;KJA&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=September 4, 2012|title=Big Bang theory pays off as YG embraces the attitude|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2958842|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140607000641/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2958842|archive-date=June 7, 2014|access-date=June 3, 2014|publisher=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Asia|first=Forbes|title=Korea's S.M. Entertainment: The Company That Created K-Pop|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesasia/2013/07/31/koreas-s-m-entertainment-the-company-that-created-k-pop/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421105406/http://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesasia/2013/07/31/koreas-s-m-entertainment-the-company-that-created-k-pop/|archive-date=April 21, 2016|access-date=April 20, 2016|website=Forbes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intaa waxaa sii dheer, shirkadu waxay ka shaqaysaa habab kala duwan iyo qaybo kala duwan oo adduunka ah.

Fannaaniinta caanka ah ee hoos yimaada wakaaladda waxaa ka mid ah kooxaha [[2PM]], [[Day6]], [[Twice]], [[Boy Story]], [[Stray Kids]], [[Itzy]], iyo [[NiziU]], sidoo kale heesaaga kaligiis ah [[Bernard Park]]. Waxa kale oo ay gacanta ku haysay [[Rain]], [[g.o.d]], [[Wonder Girls]], [[2AM]], [[Miss A]], [[15&amp;]], [[JJ Project]], [[Got7]], [[Jus2]] iyo [[Baek A-yeon]].

== Tixraacyada ==
[[yue: JYP娛樂]]
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    <title>J-pop idol</title>
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      <text bytes="27082" sha1="p080exgmnudxul48qoeo90qm3jhaedm" xml:space="preserve">{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
[[File:Ax10akb18_(cropped).jpg|thumb|[[AKB48]], haystaha [[Guinness World Record]] inuu yahay &quot;kooxda pop-ka ugu weyn&quot;, iyo kooxda sanamyada ugu iibinta badan.]]
[[File:161006_AMN_빅_콘서트_-_모닝구무스메_16_우타카타_새터데이나이트_직캠_by_DaftTaengk_3m50s.jpg|thumb|[[Morning Musume]] (sawirka 2016) waa kooxda sanamyada ugu dheereeya tan iyo 1997 waxayna soo celisay xiisihii sanamyadii 1990-meeyadii. Waxay haystaan ​​rikoodhka 10-ka ugu sarreeya ee isku xiga ee farshaxan kasta oo reer Jabaan ah.]]
[[File:Momoiro_Clover_Z.PNG|thumb|[[Momoiro Clover Z]], kaalinta koowaad ka galay kooxaha sanamyada dumarka ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;ももクロ、初のAKB超え　タレントパワーランキング&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASFK17032_X10C13A6000000/|script-title=ja:ももクロ、初のAKB超え タレントパワーランキング|work=[[Nihon Keizai Shimbun]]|date=24 June 2013|access-date=26 July 2013|language=ja|archive-date=7 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130807014429/http://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASFK17032_X10C13A6000000/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2013-05-04|journal=Nikkei Entertainment|script-title=ja:タレントパワーランキング トップ100|issue=June, 2013|pages=48–49|publisher=Nikkei BP|language=ja}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Nikkei BP&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2014-05-02|script-title=ja:タレントパワーランキング トップ100|journal=Nikkei Entertainment|issue=June, 2014|publisher=Nikkei BP|language=ja}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2015-05-02|script-title=ja:タレントパワーランキング トップ100|journal=Nikkei Entertainment|issue=June, 2015|publisher=Nikkei BP|language=ja}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2016-05-04|script-title=ja:タレントパワーランキング トップ100|journal=Nikkei Entertainment|issue=June, 2016|publisher=Nikkei BP|language=ja}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2017-05-04|script-title=ja:タレントパワーランキング トップ100|journal=Nikkei Entertainment|issue=June, 2017|publisher=Nikkei BP|language=ja}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2018-05-04|page=81|script-title=ja:タレントパワーランキング トップ100|journal=Nikkei Entertainment|issue=June, 2018|publisher=Nikkei BP|language=ja}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:Babymetalfondatheatrelosangeles12.jpg|thumb|[[Babymetal]] ee Los Angeles sannadkii 2014. Albumkoodii saddexaad ee istuudiyaha ayaa ahaa kii ugu sareeyay ee album -ka luuqadda Jabaan [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]].]]
'''Idol''' (Af-soomaali: '''Sanam''') (アイドル, ''aidoru'') waa nooc ka mid ah maaweelada oo lagu suuqgeeyo sawirka, soo jiidashada, iyo shakhsiyadda moodel pop-ka Jabaan. Sanamyadu waxay ugu horrayn yihiin fannaaniin leh tababar ku saabsan jilitaanka, qoob -ka -ciyaarka, iyo sidoo kale u shaqaynta tusaale ahaan. Sanamyada waxaa lagu ganacsadaa iyada oo loo marayo baayacmushtariga iyo oggolaanshaha hay'adaha kartida leh, iyada oo la ilaalinayo xiriir bulsho-wadaag ah oo leh taageere macaamil jecel.

Warshadaha sanamyada ee Japan ayaa markii ugu horreysay soo ifbaxay 1960-yadii waxayna caan ku noqdeen 1970-yadii iyo 1980-yadii telefishanka awgiis. Intii lagu jiray 1980-yadii, oo loo tixgeliyo &quot;Da'da Dahabka ah ee Sanamyada&quot;, sanamyadu waxay soo jiiteen dano ganacsi waxayna bilaabeen inay ka soo muuqdaan xayeysiisyada iyo taxanaha telefishanka. Maadaama suuqyo badan oo niche ay bilaabeen inay soo baxaan dabayaaqadii 2000 -yadii iyo horraantii 2010 -kii, waxay horseedday koboc weyn xagga warshadaha oo loo yaqaan &quot;Muddada ee Sanamyada.&quot; Maanta, in ka badan 10,000 gabdho dhallinyar ah oo ku nool Jabaan waa sanamyo, iyadoo in ka badan 3,000 oo kooxood ay firfircoon yihiin. Warshadaha sanamyada ee Jabaan ayaa tusaale ahaan loogu isticmaalay warshadaha sanamyada pop-ka kale, sida [[K-pop]].

Qaybaha hoose ee sanamyada waxaa ka mid ah [[Sawir soo jiidasho#Gurabia aidoru|sanamyada gurabia]], [[Idol yar|sanamyada yar]], [[Caanka internetka#Netto aidoru|sanamyada internetka]], sanamyada [[Codka ku jilitaanka ee Jabaan|jilayaasha codka]], [[Koox khiyaaliga ah#Ee Jabaan|sanamyada khiyaaliga]], [[AV idol|AV sanam]], {{transl|ja|[[Akiba-kei]]}} sanam, sanamyada maxalliga ah, iyo sanamyada Jabaan-Kuuriya.

== Dhaliil ==

==== Xaaladaha shaqada ====
Nidaamka sanamyada ayaa lagu dhaleeceeyay xeerarkiisa adag, jadwallada shaqada ee aadka u daran, iyo in sanamyada ay siiyaan koontarool yar noloshooda gaarka ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc 2016-01-26&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Mariko|last=Oi|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-35368705|title=The dark side of Asia's pop music industry|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=2016-01-26|access-date=2019-02-08|archive-date=16 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216233005/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-35368705|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc 2017-06-30&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Frasier|last=McAlpine|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/articles/84fd62c3-f5a4-49e6-9e3e-6f5217c1448c|title=The Japanese obsession with girl bands - explained|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=2017-06-30|access-date=2019-02-08|archive-date=9 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109005703/https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/articles/84fd62c3-f5a4-49e6-9e3e-6f5217c1448c|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;japantimes 2016-01-26&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Ian|last=Martin|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2013/02/01/music/akb48-members-penance-shows-flaws-in-idol-culture/|title=AKB48 member's 'penance' shows flaws in idol culture|work=[[The Japan Times]]|date=2013-02-01|access-date=2019-02-08|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130104553/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2013/02/01/music/akb48-members-penance-shows-flaws-in-idol-culture/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nidaamkan ayaa loo ekeysiiyay dadka mushaharka qaata ee Japan oo aan awoodin inay adeecaan loo-shaqeeyayaashooda.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc 2016-01-26&quot; /&gt;  Shohei Sakagura oo u ololeeya xuquuqda shaqaalaha ayaa sheegay in sanamyadu ay helaan dakhli aad u yar isla markaana aan u diyaarsanayn xoogsatada kadib markii ay ka tageen kooxahoodii, maadaama qaar badan oo ka mid ahi ay ku qaataan sanad waxbarashadooda barashada xirfadaha shaqo ee liita.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first1=Mari|last1=Yamamoto|first2=Jake|last2=Adelstein|author-link2=Jake Adelstein|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/look-but-dont-touch-inside-the-weird-dangerous-world-of-japans-girl-idols|title=Inside the Weird, Dangerous World of Japan's Girl 'Idols'|work=[[The Daily Beast]]|date=2019-01-21|access-date=2020-08-19|archive-date=10 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810083337/https://www.thedailybeast.com/look-but-dont-touch-inside-the-weird-dangerous-world-of-japans-girl-idols|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intaa waxaa u dheer, Rob Schwartz oo ka socda ''[[Billboard]]'' wuxuu ka hadlay in warbaahinta guud ee Jabaan ay dhif u tahay inay fiiro gaar ah u yeelato murannada iyo eedeymaha ku takrifalka awoodda sababtuna tahay is-faafreebka waxa loo oggol yahay inay qoraan.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc 2016-01-26&quot; /&gt; Sasetsu Takeda oo ka tirsan ''[[GQ|GQ Japan]]'' ayaa qoray in hay'adaha kartida leh ay ka saaraan sanamyada iyadoon loo eegayn sumcaddooda, mararka qaarkoodna si ula kac ah u horjoogsada dalabyada shaqada si loogu cadaadiyo inay baxaan, dhammaantoodna iyagoo ku dhawaaqaya inay &quot;ka nasanayaan xanuun&quot; dadweynaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;gq 2019-03-05&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Sasetsu|last=Takeda|url=https://gqjapan.jp/culture/column/20190305/no-more-objectification-of-me|title=No More Objectification of Me: 女性アイドルはなぜ「謝らされる」のか?|language=ja|work=[[GQ (magazine)|GQ Japan]]|date=2019-03-05|access-date=2019-03-21|archive-date=22 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322041936/https://gqjapan.jp/culture/column/20190305/no-more-objectification-of-me|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kooxaha sanamyada ee sida madaxbannaan loo maamulo waxay bixiyaan badbaadin xitaa ka yar, iyadoo sanamyada la siiyay qandaraasyo si aan mugdi ku jirin loogu hayo oo ku haya shirkadooda muddo sannado ah, iyagoo bixinaya ku dhawaad ​​mushaar la'aan iyo magdhow gaadiid iyo khidmado kharash.&lt;ref name=&quot;japantimes 2018-12-21&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first1=Misa|last1=Ogawa|first2=Mayuko|last2=Isobe|first3=Misa|last3=Hirabayashi|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/12/21/national/social-issues/dark-side-japans-underground-idols-little-pay-long-hours-unbreakable-contracts/|title=The dark side of Japan's underground idols: Little pay, long hours and unbreakable contracts|work=[[The Japan Times]]|date=2018-12-21|access-date=2019-03-22|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130104559/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/12/21/national/social-issues/dark-side-japans-underground-idols-little-pay-long-hours-unbreakable-contracts/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;mainichi 2018-11-18&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Haruka|last=Udagawa|url=https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20181118/p2a/00m/0na/005000c|title=Suicide of teen draws attention to poor working conditions, harassment of idols|work=[[The Mainichi]]|date=2018-11-18|access-date=2020-08-19|archive-date=25 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925134318/https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20181118/p2a/00m/0na/005000c|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Garyaqaanka Kunitaka Kasai wuxuu sheegay in maamulku uu noqon karo mid liita, gaar ahaan kooxaha sanamyada madaxbannaan, sababtoo ah waxaa aasaasay dad leh khibrad la'aan si ay u buuxiyaan baahida sanamyada ee koritaanka warshadaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;mainichi 2018-11-18&quot; /&gt;

Jadwalka shaqada ee sanamyada ayaa lagu dhaleeceeyay inay xad dhaaf yihiin, maadaama sanamyada laga filayo inay shaqeeyaan xitaa marka ay jiran yihiin.&lt;ref name=&quot;nikkansports gonobe 2019-01-28&quot; /&gt; Miki Gonobe oo ka socota ''[[Nikkan Sports]]'' ayaa xustay in sanamyadu guud ahaan aysan lahayn urur shaqaale ayna hay'aduhu u arkaan inaan loo baahnayn mid, maadaama ay u arkaan hawlaha sanamyada inay la mid yihiin waxqabadyada manhajka ka baxsan ee dugsiga.  Waxay ka dhawaajisay walaac ku saabsan gabdhaha yaryar oo sanamyo noqda iyagoo yar, gaar ahaan ardayda dugsiyada hoose.&lt;ref name=&quot;nikkansports gonobe 2019-01-28&quot; /&gt;

Bishii Maarso 2018, xubin ka tirsan Kooxda Girls Ehime, Honoka Omoto ayaa is dishay, iyadoo qoyskeedu bilaabeen dacwad ka dhan ah hay'addeeda kartida bishii Oktoobar 2018.&lt;ref name=&quot;mainichi 2018-11-18&quot; /&gt;  Waxaa la sheegay in Omoto ay 10 saacadood maalintii ku shaqaynaysay kharashka waxbarashada iyada oo markii ay codsatay inay kooxda ka baxdo, shaqaale ka tirsan ayaa ugu hanjabay inay rabshado samayn doonaan halka Takahiro Sasaki, oo ah madaxa shirkaddeeda maamulku u sheegay inay bixin doonto  lacag ganaax ah of 1 million.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Brian|last=Ashcraft|url=https://kotaku.com/after-idols-death-bullying-and-intimidation-allegation-1829748345|title=After Idol's Death, Bullying And Intimidation Allegations Surface|work=[[Kotaku]]|date=2018-10-15|access-date=2020-08-19|archive-date=9 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809003240/https://kotaku.com/after-idols-death-bullying-and-intimidation-allegation-1829748345|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Juun 2018, xubin hore oo ka tirsan Niji no Conquistador ayaa dacwad ka gudbisay agaasimaha wakiilka Pixiv, Hiroaki Nagata, xadgudub galmo intii ay kooxda la joogtay,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Karen|last=Ressler|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-06-01/former-niji-no-conquistador-idol-sues-pixiv-representative-director-for-sexual-harassment/.132296|title=Former Niji No Conquistador Idol Sues pixiv Representative Director for Sexual Harassment|work=[[Anime News Network]]|date=2018-06-01|access-date=2020-08-19|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804045617/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-06-01/former-niji-no-conquistador-idol-sues-pixiv-representative-director-for-sexual-harassment/.132296|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo Nagata oo is casilay dhawr maalmood ka dib.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Rafael Antonio|last=Pineda|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-06-06/pixiv-representative-director-resigns-from-company-amidst-lawsuits/.132512|title=pixiv Representative Director Resigns From Company Amidst Lawsuits|work=[[Anime News Network]]|date=2018-06-06|access-date=2020-08-19|archive-date=3 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803203858/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-06-06/pixiv-representative-director-resigns-from-company-amidst-lawsuits/.132512|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Mamnuucidda shukaansiga ====
[[File:Minami_Minegishi_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb|[[Minami Minegishi]] waxay sameysay warar caalami ah 2013 kadib markii laga duubay muuqaal iyada oo madaxa xiiray iyadoo qirashadu caan noqotay.  Tani waxay daba socotaa warar sheegaya in ay xiriir ka dhexeyso, taas oo keentay in hoos loo dhigo ee [[AKB48]].&lt;ref name=&quot;japantimes 2016-01-26&quot; /&gt;]]
Sanamyada intooda badan looma oggola inay sameeyaan xiriir jaceyl ama waa inay fasax ka helaan hay'addooda si ay u guursadaan.&lt;ref name=&quot;answerman 2015&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc 2017-06-30&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc 2016-01-26&quot; /&gt; Yasushi Akimoto, wuxuu la mid yahay mamnuucidda xiriirka kooxda iyo mamnuucidda xiriirka la midka ah ee kooxaha baseball -ka ee ku tartamaya Kōshien, halkaas oo haasaawaha loo arko inay ka jeedinayso isu diyaarinta tartamada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.j-cast.com/2012/12/03156496.html|title=AKBに「恋愛禁止令」なんてなかった？　秋元氏「僕は一度も言ってない」発言で波紋|language=ja|work=J-Cast|date=3 December 2012|accessdate=18 June 2021|archive-date=18 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210218232953/https://www.j-cast.com/2012/12/03156496.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhinaca kale, dadka wax naqdiya ayaa soo jeediyay in mamnuucidda shukaansiga la hirgeliyo si loo iibiyo mala’awaal sanamyo ah oo ay heli karaan taageerayaashoodu oo ay ku khilaafeen inay yihiin dad bani’aadamnimada ka baxsan.&lt;ref name=&quot;japantimes 2016-01-26&quot; /&gt; ''[[The Japan Times]]'' ayaa xustay in marka laga reebo hay'adaha kartida leh, dhaqanka fanaaniinta sanamku uu wax ku kordhiyay tan, gaar ahaan taageerayaasha ragga ee sanamyada dumarka ah; taageerayaasha lab iibsadaan fikradda ah &quot;{{transl|ja|[[Moe|moe]]}}&quot;,  taas oo dhalisa daciifnimo iyo is -hoosaysiin iyada oo ku adkaysanaysa &quot;xakamayn buuxda&quot; oo ku saabsan madaxbannaanida galmada ee gabdhaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;japantimes 2016-01-26&quot; /&gt;

Dhowr sanam oo la xaqiijiyey in shaqada laga eryay, la hakiyay, hoos loo dhigay, ama lagu qasbay inay ka tagaan kooxahooda ka dib markii la sheegay inay shukaansanayaan ama xiriir galmo la yeesheen [[Mari Yaguchi]],&lt;ref name=&quot;nikkan 2017-10-24&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nikkansports.com/entertainment/news/201710240000349.html|script-title=ja:矢口真里がモー娘。脱退引き金の小栗旬との恋愛語る|language=ja|work=[[Nikkan Sports]]|date=24 October 2017|access-date=8 April 2019|archive-date=8 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408182416/https://www.nikkansports.com/entertainment/news/201710240000349.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ai Kago]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mdn.mainichi.jp/culture/waiwai/face/news/20080418p2g00m0dm010000c.html|title=Ex-Morning Musume star Ai Kago blazing a trail back to top (using a cigarette lighter)|first=Ryan|last=O'Connell|work=[[Mainichi Shimbun]]|date=22 April 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421195215/http://mdn.mainichi.jp/culture/waiwai/face/news/20080418p2g00m0dm010000c.html|archive-date=21 April 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Aya Hirano]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.asiaone.com/print/News/Latest%2BNews/Showbiz/Story/A1Story20110804-292695.html|title=Japanese pop star sacked over sex scandal|work=[[AsiaOne]]|date=4 August 2011|access-date=4 August 2021|archive-date=28 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228235935/https://www.asiaone.com/print/News/Latest%2BNews/Showbiz/Story/A1Story20110804-292695.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Rino Sashihara]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Patrick|last=St. Michel|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2012/08/for-japans-justin-biebers-no-selena-gomezes-allowed/261181/|title=For Japan's Justin Biebers, No Selena Gomezes Allowed|work=[[The Atlantic]]|date=16 August 2012|access-date=4 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Patrick|last=St. Michel|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2019/05/30/music/rino-sashihara-can-one-idol-beat-system/|title=Rino Sashihara: Can one 'idol' beat the system?|work=[[The Japan Times]]|date=30 May 2019|access-date=4 August 2021|archive-date=5 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305080254/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2019/05/30/music/rino-sashihara-can-one-idol-beat-system/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo [[Minami Minegishi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;japantimes 2016-01-26&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|first=Catherine|last=Komuro|url=https://www.bitchmedia.org/article/sacrificial-idols/j-pop-teen-dreams-become-nightmares|title=Sacrificial idols: in J-pop, Teen Dreams Become Nightmares|magazine=[[Bitch (magazine)|Bitch]]|issue=77|date=9 January 2018|access-date=4 August 2021|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804081010/https://www.bitchmedia.org/article/sacrificial-idols/j-pop-teen-dreams-become-nightmares|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Minegishi, gaar ahaan, waxay soo jiidatay warbaahinta caalamiga ah kadib markii fiidiyowgeedii raaligalinta noqday mid caan ah, taasoo dhalisay dhaleeceyn caalami ah oo ku aaddan maamulka kooxdeeda, AKB48, iyo sidoo kale warshadaha sanamyada Jabaan.&lt;ref name=&quot;japantimes 2016-01-26&quot; /&gt; Wakaalad tayo leh ayaa dacwad ka dhan ah 17 jir hore u ahaan jirtay heesaa sanam ka dib markii ay aqbashay casuumaad ay u fidiyeen qol hoteel laba nin oo taageereyaal ah, taas oo sababtay in kooxdeeda la kala diro 3dii bilood ee ugu horreysay markii ugu horreysay.&lt;ref name=&quot;ann 2015-09-20&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Eric|last=Stimson|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2015-09-20/idol-fined-650000-yen-for-dating-contract-violation/.93113|title=Idol Fined 650,000 Yen for Dating Contract Violation|work=[[Anime News Network]]|date=20 September 2015|access-date=19 August 2020|archive-date=8 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108093354/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2015-09-20/idol-fined-650000-yen-for-dating-contract-violation/.93113|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Sebtember 2015, Garsoore Akitomo Kojima, oo ay weheliso Maxkamadda Degmada Tokyo, ayaa xukuntay wakaaladda kartida waxayna haweeneyda ku ganaaxday inay bixiso 50 650,000, iyada oo sheegtay in mamnuucidda shukaansigu ay lagama maarmaan u tahay sanamyada si ay &quot;u kasbadaan taageerada ninka taageerayaasha ah.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;ann 2015-09-20&quot; /&gt; Bishii Janaayo 2016, dacwad taas la mid ah oo loo gudbiyay Maxkamadda Degmada Tokyo ayaa xukuntay 23 jir sanam hore ahaan jiray, iyadoo garsoore Kazuya Hara uu sheegay in mamnuucidda shukaansiga &quot;ay si weyn u xaddideyso xorriyadda si loo raadsado farxadda.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/01/19/national/pop-idol-right-pursue-happiness-not-liable-damages-breach-dating-ban-court/|title=Court rules pop idol has right to pursue happiness, can date|work=[[The Japan Times]]|date=19 January 2016|access-date=19 August 2020|archive-date=20 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920225838/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/01/19/national/pop-idol-right-pursue-happiness-not-liable-damages-breach-dating-ban-court/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Maaddaama gacan-qaadka iyo dhacdooyinka kale ee la xiriira ay u oggolaadaan taageerayaasha in ay aad ugu dhowaadaan sanamyada, dadka wax naqdiya ayaa sidoo kale rumeysan in suuqgeynta gelitaanka sanamyada ay sababi karto in taageerayaasha aysan kala garan karin khiyaaliga iyo nolosha dhabta ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;cnn 2019-01-16&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first1=Eriko|last1=Jozuka|first2=Yoko|last2=Yakatsuki|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/16/asia/japanese-pop-idol-sexual-assault-apology-bullying-intl/index.html|title=Why a pop idol's stand against her assault sparked outrage in Japan|date=16 January 2019|publisher=[[CNN]]|access-date=23 January 2019|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130104639/https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/16/asia/japanese-pop-idol-sexual-assault-apology-bullying-intl/index.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hay'adaha hibada leh ayaa sidoo kale lagu dhaleeceeyay inay siiyaan difaac aan ku filnayn xagga sanamyada ka dib dhowr dhacdo oo rabshado ah oo lagu qaaday sanamyada dumarka sida the [[2014 AKB48 gacan-ku-qaadis weerar|arkay weerarka Anna Iriyama iyo Rina Kawaei]], the [[kicinta May Tomita]], and the [[weerarkii Maho Yamaguchi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;cnn 2019-01-16&quot; /&gt;

==== Galmada ====
{{see also|Idol yar#Heerka sharciga|Sharciyada ka-faa'iidaysiga galmada carruurta ee Jabaan}}Sanamyada inta badan waa galmo, gaar ahaan sanamyada dumarka,&lt;ref name=&quot;japantimes 2016-01-26&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;mainichi 2018-11-18&quot; /&gt; kuwaas oo qaarkood ay u shaqaystaan ​​sanamyada gurabia oo ay leeyihiin sawirro dabbaasha oo soo jeedin leh oo lagu daabacay joornaalada loogu talagalay dadka waaweyn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nytimes 2011-02-09&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Hiroko|last=Tabuchi|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/10/business/global/10manga.html|title=In Tokyo, a Crackdown on Sexual Images of Minors|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2011-02-09|access-date=2020-08-20|archive-date=5 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105232105/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/10/business/global/10manga.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ann 2018-01-17&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Jennifer|last=Sherman|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2018-01-17/akb48-rumored-to-end-swimsuit-gravure-photos-for-underage-members/.126498|title=AKB48 Rumored to End Swimsuit Gravure Photos for Underage Members|work=[[Anime News Network]]|date=2018-01-17|access-date=2020-08-20|archive-date=9 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109031114/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2018-01-17/akb48-rumored-to-end-swimsuit-gravure-photos-for-underage-members/.126498|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;japantimes 2007-05-03&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Jun|last=Hongo|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2007/05/03/national/photos-of-preteen-girls-in-thongs-now-big-business/|title=Photos of preteen girls in thongs now big business|work=[[The Japan Times]]|date=2007-05-03|access-date=2020-08-24|archive-date=28 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028204823/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2007/05/03/national/photos-of-preteen-girls-in-thongs-now-big-business/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyada oo nidaamka sanamku uu wax-yeeleynayo dhallinta, warshadaha ayaa lagu dhaleeceeyaa in ay halis geliyaan carruurta aan qaan-gaarin, gaar ahaan sanamyada yaryar, kuwaas oo jira 15 sano iyo ka yar.&lt;ref name=&quot;japantimes 2007-05-03&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;thejakartapost 2018-01-27&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Harumi|last=Ozawa|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2018/01/26/little-idols-japans-dark-obsession-with-young-girls.html|title='Little idols': Japan's dark obsession with young girls|agency=[[Agence France-Presse]]|via=[[The Jakarta Post]]|date=2018-01-27|access-date=2020-08-20|archive-date=28 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628142525/https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2018/01/26/little-idols-japans-dark-obsession-with-young-girls.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;unreported world s39e1&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Jack|last=Seale|url=https://www.radiotimes.com/tv-programme/e/mjnyvy/unreported-world--s39-e1-schoolgirl-pin-ups/|title=Unreported World: Series 39 - Episode 1: Schoolgirl Pin-ups|work=[[Radio Times]]|access-date=2020-08-20|archive-date=17 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117093654/https://www.radiotimes.com/tv-programme/e/mjnyvy/unreported-world--s39-e1-schoolgirl-pin-ups/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nytimes 2014-06-18&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Martin|last=Fackler|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/19/world/asia/japan-bans-possession-of-child-pornography-after-years-of-pressure.html|title=Japan Outlaws Possession of Child Pornography, but Comic Book Depictions Survive|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2014-06-18|access-date=2020-08-20|archive-date=12 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112021646/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/19/world/asia/japan-bans-possession-of-child-pornography-after-years-of-pressure.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Tash|last=Reith Banks|url=https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2019/jun/15/tokyo-pink-bus-campaign-seeks-to-protect-schoolgirls-from-escort-scouts-jk-business|title=Schoolgirls for sale: why Tokyo struggles to stop the 'JK business'|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=2019-06-15|access-date=2020-08-20|archive-date=23 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200823032641/https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2019/jun/15/tokyo-pink-bus-campaign-seeks-to-protect-schoolgirls-from-escort-scouts-jk-business|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Buugaagta sawirrada dabbaasha ee sanamyada waxaa badanaa lagu iibiyaa isla qaybaha [[Filimada galmada ee Jabaan|filimada galmada]].&lt;ref name=&quot;japantimes 2007-05-03&quot; /&gt; Ee 1999, Jabaan waxay mamnuucday soo-saarka iyo qaybinta sawirrada galmada qaawan ee carruurta aan qaan-gaarin, kuwaas oo mamnuucay buugaag sawir leh oo muujinaya sanamyo yaryar oo qaawan.&lt;ref name=&quot;nytimes 2011-02-09&quot; /&gt; Qeybiyeyaasha sanamyada yaryar oo badan ayaa la xiray ka dib markii haysashada filimada galmada carruurta laga dhigay sharci-darro Jabaan sannadkii 2014-kii.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.tokyo-sports.co.jp/entame/363414/|title=&quot;聖地&quot;も閉店 ジュニアアイドルＤＶＤビジネスはあと半年の命か|language=ja|work=[[Tokyo Sports]]|date=2015-02-07|access-date=2020-08-25|archive-date=5 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605123937/https://www.tokyo-sports.co.jp/entame/363414/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxyaabaha sanamyada yar-yar ayaa hadda ku taagan dhul sharci ahaan aan mugdi ku jirin sababta oo ah fasiraadda furan ee  [[sharciyada ka-faa'iidaysiga galmada carruurta ee Jabaan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;japantimes 2007-05-03&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;metropolis 2009-07-08&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|first=Patrick W.|last=Galbraith|url=http://www.japantoday.com/category/lifestyle/view/innocence-lost-the-dark-side-of-akihabara|title=Innocence lost: the dark side of Akihabara|magazine=[[Metropolis (free magazine)|Metropolis]]|via=JapanToday|date=2009-07-08|accessdate=2021-05-10|archive-date=12 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312183910/https://www.japantoday.com/category/lifestyle/view/innocence-lost-the-dark-side-of-akihabara|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyada ==


&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category: Dhaqanka caanka ah oo Jabaan]]
[[Category:Idolyasha Jabaan|Idolyasha Jabaan]]
[[Category:Dhaqanka dhalinyarada oo Jabaan]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Dhul Bamka</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="1482" sha1="ah9bmhedymy5lpszjqvzsle5p65rka0" xml:space="preserve">'''Dhul Bamka'''
[[File:Mines_501556_fh000026.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]]
[[File:Minenraeum_anzug.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]]


==Sanadka Dilka Dawac Dunida==

*5000+

==Waddanamha dhul bamka==

==[[Afrika]]==
* {{Flag|Angola}} 10,000,000+[[Afrika]]
* {{Flag|Egypt}} 23 million+ ''WW2''[[Afrika]]
* {{Flag|Ethiopia}} 2 million+ [[Afrika]]
* {{Flag|Somaliland}} 350,000+ Dagaalki Somalia[[Afrika]]
* {{Flag|Mozambique}} 2 million+[[Afrika]]
* {{Flag|Somalia}} 2 000 000+ ''dagaalki somalia''[[Afrika]]

==[[Asia]]==
*{{Flag|Kuwait}} 350,000+ Dagallki iraq 
* {{Flag|China}} 10,000,000+ ''vietnam/china dulka ''[[Asia]]
* {{Flag|Iraq}} 14 million+ ''Dagaalki iraan iyo iraq''[[Asia]]
* {{Flag|Iran}} 16 million + ''Dagaalki iraan iyo iraq''[[Asia]]
* {{Flag|Afghanistan}} 10 million+ ''Dagaalki afghanistan''[[Asia]]
* {{Flag|Yemen}} 2,000000+ ''Dagaalki yemen''[[Asia]]

* [[Yurub]]
* [[Bosniya]] 3 million +[[Yurub]]

==Warka==
* https://web.archive.org/web/20210916085632/https://www.landminefree.org/2017/index.php/support/facts-about-landmines#:~:text=The%20areas%20most%20affected%20by,2%20million)%3B%20Somalia%20(up
* https://reliefweb.int/report/world/landmine-monitor-2019
* https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/10/global-landmine-stockpiles/
* https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/iransource/landmines-still-a-major-menace-in-iran/
* https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2018/04/iran-land-mines-iraq-war-legacy-campaign-kurdistan.html
*

==Sido Kale fiiri==
[[Qaramada Midoobay]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>SCO</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33570</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311995</id>
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      <text bytes="1208" sha1="mwiwxwrvup983dqw6sk0n25tsdxhc2o" xml:space="preserve">{{Bad template}}
{{Medium low article}}
SCO
en-Shanghai corporation organization

[[File:SCO_latest_map_update.png|thumb|right|300px|SCO waddanmah]]
[[File:Business_Centre_of_Moscow_2.jpg|thumb|right|400px|{{Flag|Russia}}]]
[[File:Commercial_area_of_futian_to_east2020.jpg|thumb|right|400px|{{Flag|China}}]]
[[File:Parrys_Corner,_Chennai,_India.jpg|thumb|right|400px|{{Flag|India}}]]
[[File:Millenium_Mall.jpg|thumb|right|400px|{{Flag|Pakistan}}]]

==Waddnamaha SCO==

* {{Flag|Russia}}'''P5'''
* {{Flag|China}} '''P5'''
* {{Flag|Pakistan}}
* {{Flag|India}}
Waddamaha kale , kazakstan , iran ,in kale.

==Waddahmaha hashinka SCO==

* {{Flag|Turkey}}
* {{Flag|Qatar}}
* {{Flag|Saudi Arabia}}
waddanmaha ,in kale

==Warka==
* https://news.cgtn.com/news/2021-09-16/China-SCO-officially-launches-News-Exchange-Platform-13BMp22a74s/index.html
* https://www.dailysabah.com/world/asia-pacific/power-shift-in-afghanistan-was-almost-bloodless-putin-tells-sco
* https://web.archive.org/web/20210918172042/https://www.trtworld.com/asia/russia-sco-security-bloc-should-spur-afghanistan-s-taliban-rulers-50021


==Sido Kale fiiri==
* [[AIIB]]
* [[ADB]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>AV idol</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33718</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311796</id>
      <parentid>273319</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T21:45:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
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      <text bytes="5163" sha1="5ul60w42yojt27rjp999740vwrhbs6d" xml:space="preserve">{{About||filimka 2012|AV Idol (filim)}}&lt;!--{{merge to|Pornographic film actor|discuss=Talk:Pornographic film actor#Merger proposal|date=January 2017}}--&gt;
'''AV idol''' (Waxaa loo ga gaabiyey &quot;'''adult video idol'''&quot;, af-Soomaali: &quot;'''sanam fiidyoow oo qaangaar ah'''&quot;), (AVアイドル; ''Ēbui aidoru''), sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''AV actress''', ('''AV女優''', '''''Ēbui joyū''''') ('''Atariisho AV''') waa [[J-pop idol|sanam Jabaaniis]] ah oo ka shaqeeya meheradda [[Filimada galmada ee Jabaan|filimka galmada]], badiyaa labadaba jilaa ahaan iyo sidoo kale [[moodel]] ahaan maadaama bandhigyada fiidiyowgu aad u kala duwan yihiin, laga soo bilaabo sawirro [[Filimada galmada jilicsanaan|jilicsan]] oo soo jeedin leh iyo sawirro qaawan. Warshadaha ayaa lagu tilmaamaa inay leexleexad badan leeyihiin; tan iyo waaberigii warshadaha AV horraantii 1980-meeyadii, boqollaal sanamyada AV ah ayaa sannad walba ka doodayey, oo celcelis ahaan xirfaddoodu ahayd qiyaastii hal sano, oo ka soo muuqday shan ama toban fiidyow intii lagu jiray wakhtigaas. In yar oo sanamyada AV -ka ah oo caan ah ayaa leh shaqooyin ka badan toban sano, waxay leeyihiin aqoonsi guud oo ballaaran, ama saameyn weyn ku leh warshadaha qaab kale.

== Noocyasha ==
Qoraaga Nicholas Bornoff wuxuu tilmaamayaa qaar ka mid ah fikradaha AV-ka Jabaan sida{{quote|... Marwada Xafiiska hore, gabadha bikradda ah ee ku xigta, gabadha beerta radyda ah, xiisaha aerobics-ka leotarded, ugaadhsiga galmada ee [[onsen|dalxiis-guga]] iyo ... dhillo oo booskeeda la geliyay iyada oo galmo la samaysa hal nin ka badan dabaqa qolka goynta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Bornoff|first=Nicholas|title=Pink Samurai: An Erotic Exploration of Japanese Society; The Pursuit and Politics of Sex in Japan|orig-year=1991|edition=Paperback|year=1994|publisher=HarperCollins|location=London|isbn=0-586-20576-4|chapter=18 (Naked Dissent)|page=609}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

Agaasimaha AV &quot;Tarzan&quot; Yagi ayaa sheegaya in atariishada AV ee guuleysata ay tahay inay ku habboonaato fikrad khaldan oo &quot;lagu garto jaleecada, taasoo u sahlaysa daawadayaasha inay aqoonsadaan nooca ay doorbidaan.&quot;  Yagi wuxuu xusayaa &quot;nooca 'caatada', nooca 'Lolita', nooca 'buxom' iyo wixii la mid ah.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Ryann|last=Connell|title=Porno queen's mysterious death -- murder or suicide?|url=https://vitalyuncensored.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Porno-queen-death.pdf|work=vitalyuncensored.net|date=2005-07-11|access-date=2007-02-18|archive-date=2019-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702044921/https://vitalyuncensored.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Porno-queen-death.pdf|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|first=Masuo|last=Kamiyama|title=The sultry secrets of AV starlets' prolonged careers|url=http://mdn.mainichi-msn.co.jp/waiwai/archive/news/2005/10/20051022p2g00m0dm002000c.html|work=mainichi-msn.co.jp|date=2005-10-22|access-date=2007-02-18|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051124064637/http://mdn.mainichi-msn.co.jp/waiwai/archive/news/2005/10/20051022p2g00m0dm002000c.html|archive-date=2005-11-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Qaar ka mid ah noocyada waaweyn ee AV waxaa ka mid ah:

=== Naas-ka weyn (''Bakunyū'') ===
In kasta oo dhowr sanamyo hore oo AV ah sida Kyoko Nakamura iyo [[Eri Kikuchi]] ay aasaaseen shaqooyin ay ugu horreeyaan naasaha waaweyn, Noriyuki Adachi ayaa dhigaysa Kimiko Matsuzaka 1989 -kii ugu horreeyey oo ah barta &quot;Big Bust Boom&quot; (巨乳 ブ ー ム - ''Kyonyu Boom'') bilaabatay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Adachi|first=Noriyuki|title=アダルトな人びと - Adaruto na Hitobito (&quot;Adult&quot; People)|publisher=Kodansha|location=Tokyo|language=ja|isbn=4-06-205546-5|page=50}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa soo raacay sanamyo waaweyn oo AV ah, oo ay ku jiraan Hitomi Tanaka, Fuko, Miki Sawaguchi, Mariko Morikawa, [[Rin Aoki]], iyo Anna Ohura. Bartamihii-1990-meeyadii, nooca naas-ka weyn wuxuu noqday udub dhexaadka warshadaha AV.{{cn|date=July 2019}}

=== Qaangaadhnimo (''Jukujo'') ===
Inta badan jilayaasha AV ayaa markii ugu horreysay ku soo baxa da 'yarta dambe,&lt;ref name=&quot;Fornander 1992&quot; /&gt; laakiin badhtamihii sagaashameeyadii ayaa waxaa soo ifbaxay isbeddel ku aaddan &quot;dumarka qaangaarka ah&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://xxx.xcity.jp/SHIN-TOHO/HISTORY/S_SHINOZAKI/index.html|title=Satomi Shinozaki biography|access-date=2007-02-18|work=Shin-Toho History|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070515003453/http://xxx.xcity.jp/SHIN-TOHO/HISTORY/S_SHINOZAKI/index.html|archive-date=2007-05-15|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; In kasta oo dhallinyaradu ay caado u ahayd, ballaarinta dhadhanku waxay horseedday xiddigaha AV &quot;bislaaday&quot; sida Aki Tomosaki sannadkii 2000, Asuka Yūki 2005 iyo Maki Tomoda ee 2006, dhammaantoodna waxay dhaafeen dhalashadoodii 30aad markii ugu horreysay. Aktaradahan ayaa caan ku noqday AV-yada iyagoo wata mawduuc aan la aqbali karin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bigempire.com/sake/av_actress.html|title=The AV Actress|access-date=2007-03-03|last=Stovall|first=Albert|work=Sake-Drenched Postcards at bigempire.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070302100614/http://www.bigempire.com/sake/av_actress.html|archive-date=2 March 2007|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyada ==

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  <page>
    <title>Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33766</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="5488" sha1="prpwapphkq0ccpjgk06xfp0b18o3p0o" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|South Korean film, television and theatre awards}}{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2021}}{{Infobox award|name=Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang|current_awards=Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang 57aad|image=|image_size=100px|caption=|awarded_for=Heerka sare ee filimka, telefishanka iyo masraxa|country=Koonfur Kuuriya|presenter=''[[Ilgan Sports]]''&lt;br&gt;JTBC Plus|year={{Start date and age|1965|1|18}}|website={{url|http://www.baeksangawards.co.kr/}}}}{{Infobox election|election_name=Kuwii ugu dambeeyay ee ku guuleystay Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang|2data2=[[Yoo Jae-suk]]|previous_election=Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang 56aad|previous_year=2020|next_election=Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang 58aad|next_year=2022|1blank=Abaalmarinta|2blank=Guuleyste|image1=Marie Claire Korea 임권택과 10인의 감독들 이준익.png|image1_size=160x160px|1data1=[[Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang ee Abaalmarinta Weyn (Filim)|Abaalmarinta Weyn (Filim)]]|2data1=[[Lee Joon-ik]]&lt;br&gt;(''[[The Book of Fish]]'')&lt;br&gt;(Agaasime)|image2=Yoo Jae Suk going to work at Happy Together on August 19, 2017 (1).jpg|image2_size=160x160px|1data2=[[Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang ee Abaalmarinta Weyn (TV)| Abaalmarinta Weyn  (Telefishanka)]]|election_date=[[57th Baeksang Arts Awards|2021]]|image4_size=160x160px|image4=Yoo Ah-In 유아인 20181206.jpg|1data4=[[Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang ee Atoore ugu Fiican (Filim)|Atoore ugu Fiican (Filim)]]|2data4=[[Yoo Ah-in]]&lt;br /&gt;(''[[Voice of Silence]]'')|image5=Shin Ha-kyun in Mar 2021.jpg|image5_size=160x160px|1data5=[[Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang ee Atoore ugu Fiican (TV)|Atoore ugu Fiican (Telefishanka)]]|2data5=[[Shin Ha-kyun]]&lt;br /&gt;(''[[Beyond Evil]]'')|image7=190501 전종서.jpg|image7_size=160x160px|1data7=[[Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang ee Atariisho ugu Fiican (Filim)|Atariisho ugu Fiican (Filim)]]|2data7=[[Jeon Jong-seo]]&lt;br /&gt;(''[[The Call]]'')|image8=Kim So-yeon in March 2019.png|image8_size=160x160px|1data8=[[Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang ee Atariisho ugu Fiican (TV)|Atariisho ugu Fiican (Telefishanka)]]|2data8=[[Kim So-yeon]]&lt;br /&gt;(''[[The Penthouse: War in Life]]'')}}'''Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang''', oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Paeksang''', waa abaalmarinno heer sare ah xagga filimada, telefishanka iyo masraxa ee Koonfur Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Dong|first=Sun-hwa|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2020/05/688_288833.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301105938/https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2020/05/688_288833.html|archive-date=March 1, 2021|url-status=live|title=Baeksang Arts Awards to take place without audience|work=[[The Korea Times]]|date=May 1, 2020|access-date=May 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Abaalmarintan waxaa markii ugu horreysay soo bandhigay Chang Key-young ee 1965, aasaasihii wargeyska ''[[Hankook Ilbo]]'', oo magaciisa qalinka ahaa &quot;Baeksang&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/kim-soo-hyun-wins-three-awards-gianna-jun-gets-top-nod-at-korean-film-and-tv|title=Kim Soo Hyun wins three awards, Gianna Jun gets top nod at Korean film and TV awards|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118223233/https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/kim-soo-hyun-wins-three-awards-gianna-jun-gets-top-nod-at-korean-film-and-tv|archive-date=January 18, 2021|url-status=dead|date=May 28, 2014|access-date=February 5, 2021|work=[[The Straits Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa loo aasaasay horumarinta dhaqanka iyo farshaxanka Kuuriya ee caanka ah iyo kor u qaadista niyadda fannaaniinta.  Waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay yihiin mid ka mid ah abaalmarinnada madadaalada ugu qiimaha badan ee Koonfur Kuuriya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=3018490|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208100335/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=3018490|archive-date=February 8, 2021|url-status=dead|title=Top stars in line for acting awards|date=May 9, 2016|access-date=February 5, 2021|work=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]|last1=Kim|first1=Yeon-ji|last2=Kim|first2=Jin-Seok}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Lee|first1=Gyu-lee|title=Baeksang Arts Awards for film, television and theater to be held May 13|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2021/04/688_306645.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210405080536/https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2021/04/688_306645.html|url-status=live|archive-date=April 5, 2021|access-date=April 24, 2021|work=[[The Korea Times]]|date=April 5, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Baeksang ayaa sannad walba lagu soo bandhigaa xafladda abaalmarinta oo ay soo qabanqaabiyeen ''[[Ilgan Sports]]'' iyo JTBC Plus, oo xiriir la leh ''[[JoongAng Ilbo]]'', badiyaa rubuca labaad ee sannad kasta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Waa xafladda kaliya ee dhammaystirka abaalmarinnada ee Koonfur Kuuriya oo lagu aqoonsanayo heerka sare ee filimka, telefishanka iyo masraxa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://variety.com/2017/film/asia/prizes-at-korea-baeksang-awards-1202407860/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915105141/https://variety.com/2017/film/asia/prizes-at-korea-baeksang-awards-1202407860/|archive-date=September 15, 2020|url-status=live|title=Top Filmmakers Share Prizes at Korea's Baeksang Awards|last1=Kil|first1=Sonia|date=May 3, 2017|access-date=February 5, 2021|work=[[Variety|Variety]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tix ==


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  <page>
    <title>Irene</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33775</id>
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      <id>311899</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-07T23:43:55Z</timestamp>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="31478" sha1="ts1r00oelnwyrcf0uco5adzb67aia58" xml:space="preserve">{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2021}}{{Infobox person
|name=Irene
|image=Bae Irene at Lucaus Festival on May 23, 2019 (3).jpg
|image_upright=1.15
|alt=
|caption=Irene ee 2019
|birth_name=Bae Joo-hyun
|birth_date={{birth date and age|1991|3|29}}
|birth_place=[[Daegu]], Koonfur Kuuriya
|education=[[Dugsiga Sare Haknam]]
|occupation=
|years_active=[[2014]]–hada
|signature=Signature of Red Velvet's Irene.png
|signature_size=
|signature_alt=Signature of Irene
|module={{Infobox musical artist
|embed=yes
| genre              = [[K-pop]]
| instrument         = Cod
| label              = [[SM Entertainment|SM]]&lt;br&gt;Protocol
| associated_acts    = [[Red Velvet]]&lt;br&gt;[[Red Velvet - Irene &amp; Seulgi]]&lt;br&gt;[[SM Rookies]]&lt;br&gt;[[SM Town]]
}}
|module2={{Infobox Korean name|child=yes|headercolor=transparent
| hangul             = {{linktext|배|주|현}}
| hanja              = {{linktext|裴|柱|現}}
| rr                 = Bae Ju-hyeon
| mr                 = Pae Chuhyŏn
| hangulstage        = {{linktext|아|이|린}}
| hanjastage         = 
| rrstage            = A-Irin
| mrstage            = Airin
}}}}
'''Bae Joo-hyun''' (dhashay Maarso 29, [[1991]]), xirfad ahaan loo yaqaan '''Irene''', waa fanaanad u dhalatay Koonfur Kuuriya, [[rabber]] iyo atariisho. Iyadu waa hogaamiyaha kooxda gabdhaha [[Red Velvet]] waxayna xubin ka tahay qaybteeda hoose [[Red Velvet - Irene &amp; Seulgi]].

== Hawlaha kale ==

=== Ansixinta ===
Irene waxaa lagu amaanay &quot;boqoradda dhiirrigelinta&quot; sababtuna waa awooddeeda suuqgeynta weyn iyo heshiisyo badan oo oggolaansho ah oo isugu jira qurxinta, alaabada dharka qaaliga ah, iyo ilaa badeecadaha aasaasiga ah.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20201225072457/http://tvdaily.asiae.co.kr/read.php3?aid=15614449661467145019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia|title=[뉴스] 모바일 MMORPG 반지, '오빠는 마법사' 업데이트 실시|url=https://mk.co.kr/star/hot-issues/view/2019/08/656079/|article=[뉴스] 모바일 MMORPG 반지, '오빠는 마법사' 업데이트 실시|author=Daily Economy Star Today}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka sokow taageeradooda Red Velvet koox ahaan, waxay sidoo kale tusaale u noqotay ''Ivy Club'' oo ay weheliyaan saaxiibbada EXO ee 2015. Sannadkii 2016, waxay noqotay taageere sumadda qaxwada ''[[Makswell House|Maxwell House]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=동서 맥스웰, '이현재·아이린'의 위트 넘친 TV CF 선봬|url=http://www.joseilbo.com/news/htmls/2016/09/20160906303189.html|website=Joseon Ilbo|language=ko|author=Min Gyeong-jong|date=September 6, 2016|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=April 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190425231732/http://www.joseilbo.com/news/htmls/2016/09/20160906303189.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Janaayo 2017, Irene waxay noqotay moodalka astaanta cusub ''Nuovo Shoes''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=누오보, 새 브랜드 모델에 레드벨벳 아이린|url=http://www.apparelnews.co.kr/news/news_view/?idx=164613|website=Apparel News|language=ko|author=Park Hae-young|date=January 26, 2017|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=February 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220130301/http://www.apparelnews.co.kr/news/news_view/?idx=164613|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Ogosto 2017, Irene ayaa sidoo kale loo doortay inay noqoto moodel xayeysiinta ''MMORPG Age of Ring (반지)''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=[뉴스] 모바일 MMORPG 반지, '오빠는 마법사' 업데이트 실시|url=http://www.inven.co.kr/webzine/news/?news=183428|website=Inven|language=ko|author=Won Dong Hyun|date=August 9, 2017|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=August 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815014139/http://www.inven.co.kr/webzine/news/?news=183428|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isla sannadkaas, waxay noqotay oggolaanshaha rasmiga ah ee barnaamijka Hyundai Auto Advantage.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=[엑's 초점] 루키→빨간맛→피카부 '2017 퍼펙트 레드벨벳'|url=http://www.xportsnews.com/?ac=article_view&amp;entry_id=927605|website=X-sports News|language=ko|date=December 29, 2017|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=February 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220130302/http://www.xportsnews.com/?ac=article_view&amp;entry_id=927605|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=팬심 저격? 한번 보면 계속 보게 되는 아이린 CF|url=https://www.dispatch.co.kr/1082292|website=Dispatch|language=ko|author=Lee Myung-koo|date=January 11, 2018|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=February 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220130423/https://aukro.cz/assets/icon/favicons/favicon-32x32.png|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Febraayo 26, 2018, Irene waxaa loo xushay inay noqoto tusaalaha muraayadda indhaha ee ''Cooper Vision''. Isla bishaas, waxay noqotay moodel gaar ah oo ka mid ah astaanta siyaadada ah ee Ingiriiska ''Hazzy's Accessories''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=[화보] 레드벨벳 아이린, 과즙미 ‘팡팡’ 터지는 미모 발산|url=http://sports.khan.co.kr/entertainment/sk_index.html?art_id=201801232311003&amp;sec_id=540101&amp;pt=nv|website=Kyunghyang|language=ko|author=Kim Dong-gyu|date=January 23, 2018|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=February 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220130303/http://sports.khan.co.kr/entertainment/sk_index.html?art_id=201801232311003&amp;sec_id=540101&amp;pt=nv|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 3 -dii Maajo, waxay noqotay astaanta astaanta sumadda caanka ah ee caanka ah ee ''LEMONA Vitamin C'' waxaana la siiyay cinwaanka &quot;fitamiin aadanaha&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=아이린, '인간 비타민' 된다…유명 비타민 브랜드 모델 발탁|url=https://tenasia.hankyung.com/topic/article/2018050346244|website=Ten Asia|language=ko|author=Yoo Cheong-hee|date=May 3, 2018|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=February 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220130306/https://tenasia.hankyung.com/topic/article/2018050346244|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Ogosto 9, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inay tahay moodel cusub oo gaar ah oo loogu talagalay astaanta isboortiga Faransiiska ''[[Eider]]'' deyrta/jiilaalka 2018 iyo gu'ga/xagaaga 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title='케미' 박보검·아이린, 아이더에서 다시 만난다|url=https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&amp;mid=sec&amp;oid=277&amp;aid=0004292458&amp;sid1=001|website=Asia Economic Daily|language=ko|author=Park Mi-joo|date=August 9, 2018|access-date=April 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418092138/https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&amp;mid=sec&amp;oid=277&amp;aid=0004292458&amp;sid1=001|archive-date=April 18, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Nofembar 2018, Irene, oo ay weheliso [[Wendy]], ayaa sidoo kale noqday taageere ''Dongwon Yangban Rice Porridge''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=동원F&amp;B, 레드벨벳 아이린·웬디 신규모델 발탁|url=https://www.news1.kr/articles/?3484052|website=News 1|language=ko|author=Yoon Soo-hee|date=November 23, 2018|access-date=February 20, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Diseembar, waxaa loo doortay inay wejiga u noqoto astaanta ''[[HiteJinro Chamisul]]'' soju.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Red Velvet's Irene, new face of world's bestselling liquor brand Chamisul soju|url=https://pulsenews.co.kr/view.php?year=2018&amp;no=781092|website=Maeil Business News Korea|date=March 12, 2019|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=April 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418091301/https://pulsenews.co.kr/view.php?year=2018&amp;no=781092|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Febraayo 2019, Irene waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inay tahay madxafka cusub ee astaanta dahabka qaaliga ah ee Talyaaniga ''[[Damiani]]'', iyadoo noqotay Aasiyadii ugu horreysay ee matasha astaantaas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=100년 전통 이탈리아 럭셔리 주얼리 다미아니, 브랜드 뮤즈로 '레드벨벳 아이린' 발탁|url=https://www.etnews.com/20190218000312?SNS=00002|website=E-Newspaper|language=ko|author=Shin Ji-seon|date=February 18, 2019|access-date=April 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321192702/https://www.etnews.com/20190218000312?SNS=00002|archive-date=March 21, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Isla sannadkaas, waxay sidoo kale noqotay wejiga astaanta moodada ''[[Miu Miu]]''.{{citation needed|date=February 2021}} Bishii Maarso 2019, waxay ka qeybgashay Toddobaadka Moodada ee Baariis waxayna ku dhalisay jaahwareer showgii Miu Miu AW19.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=How The K-Pop Craze Is Taking Over Fashion Week|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/nadjasayej/2020/02/21/how-the-k-pop-craze-is-taking-over-fashion-week/?sh=3d10728675c5|website=Forbes|author=Nadja Sayej|date=February 21, 2020|access-date=December 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225072500/https://www.forbes.com/sites/nadjasayej/2020/02/21/how-the-k-pop-craze-is-taking-over-fashion-week/?sh=3d10728675c5|archive-date=December 25, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=7 K-Pop Stars Shaping Fashion In 2020|url=https://www.vogue.co.uk/miss-vogue/article/k-pop-stars-front-row-fashion-month|website=Vogue|author=Taylor Glasby|date=February 27, 2020|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=December 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215135737/https://www.vogue.co.uk/miss-vogue/article/k-pop-stars-front-row-fashion-month|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Iyada oo saamaynteeda adduunka ay sii kordhayso, Irene waxay noqotay safiirka cusub ee astaanta quruxda dhexe ee ''[[Clinique]]'' bishii Maarso 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=레드벨벳 아이린, 물먹은 꽃잎 닮은 싱그러운 미모..눈부신 여신 자태[화보]|url=https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/112/0003283689|website=Herald Pop|language=ko|author=Jeong Hye-yeon|date=March 31, 2020|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=April 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418092338/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/112/0003283689|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Sebtember 17, 2020, Irene waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inay tahay safiirka cusub oo ''[[Prada]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=아이린, 찬열 그리고 프라다|url=https://www.vogue.co.kr/2020/09/17/prada-irene-chanyeol/|website=[[Vogue Korea]]|language=ko|date=September 17, 2020|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=December 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206012331/http://www.vogue.co.kr/2020/09/17/prada-irene-chanyeol/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=찬열-아이린, ‘프라다(PRADA)’ 한국 대표 앰버서더 나선다|url=http://sports.hankooki.com/lpage/entv/202009/sp20200918121950136730.htm?s_ref=nv|website=Sports Hankook|language=ko|author=Mo Shin-jung|date=September 18, 2020|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=February 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220130310/http://sports.hankooki.com/lpage/entv/202009/sp20200918121950136730.htm?s_ref=nv|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=CHANYEOL-IRENE selected as &quot;PRADA&quot; Korean national team ambassador at the same time!|url=https://smentertainment.com/PressCenter/Details/4938#|website=SM Entertainment|date=September 18, 2020|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=October 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004200549/https://smentertainment.com/PressCenter/Details/4938|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Saamaynta ==
Codbixinta [[Gallup Korea]] ee Doorbidka Idol (kahor intaan la joojin 2020), Irene waxaa loo magacaabay mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu caansan [[K-pop idol|idolyasha]] ee Koonfur Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=2019년 올해를 빛낸 가수와 가요 - 최근 13년간 추이 포함|url=https://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=1072|website=Gallup Korea|date=November 28, 2019|access-date=April 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200108053337/https://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=1072|archive-date=January 8, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2018년 올해를 빛낸 가수와 가요 - 최근 12년간 추이 포함|url=https://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=974|website=Gallup Korea|language=ko|date=November 30, 2018|access-date=April 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181218193305/http://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=974|archive-date=December 18, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2017년 올해를 빛낸 가수와 가요 - 최근 11년간 추이, 아이돌 선호도 포함|url=http://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=886&amp;pagePos=1&amp;selectYear=2017&amp;search=&amp;searchKeyword=|website=Gallop Korea|access-date=December 19, 2019|language=ko|date=December 19, 2017|archive-date=July 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190713001904/http://www.gallup.co.kr/gallupdb/reportContent.asp?seqNo=886&amp;pagePos=1&amp;selectYear=2017&amp;search=&amp;searchKeyword=|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2019, sahan gooni ah oo dhex maray askarta ka qabanaya adeegga milatari ee khasabka ah ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed, Irene waxaa lagu qiimeeyay inay tahay gabadha saddexaad ee ugu caansan idol K-pop.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Sana de Twice es elegida la cantante más popular por los soldados de Corea del Sur|url=https://larepublica.pe/cultura-asiatica/2019/11/09/sana-minatozaki-de-twice-es-escogida-la-idol-de-k-pop-favorita-de-los-soldados-de-corea-del-sur/|website=[[La República]]|language=es|date=November 10, 2019|access-date=June 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109235625/https://larepublica.pe/cultura-asiatica/2019/11/09/sana-minatozaki-de-twice-es-escogida-la-idol-de-k-pop-favorita-de-los-soldados-de-corea-del-sur/|archive-date=November 9, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Caannimada Irene ayaa u horseeday inay oggolaato dhowr nooc, waxay sidoo kale ka sarreysay 'Xubinta Kooxda Shakhsiyadeed ee Kooxda Shakhsi ahaaneed' 'oo ay daabacday Machadka Cilmi -baarista Sumcadda Kuuriya oo geliyay 3 ugu sarreeya dhowr jeer sannadka 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=레드벨벳 아이린, 섬유유연제 광고도 머지 않았다? 가요계 넘어 광고계 휘어잡은 '팔색조 매력'|url=http://www.sportsq.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=273925|website=Sports Q|language=ko|author=Lee Hyun-seok|date=February 14, 2018|access-date=February 20, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Brand power ranking:* {{cite web|title=트와이스 사나, 걸그룹 브랜드평판 1위...2위 아이린·3위 아린 (공식)|trans-title=Twice Sana, Girl Group Brand Reputation 1st...2nd Irene and 3rd Arin (official)|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=112&amp;aid=0002995370|website=Herald Pop|language=ko|author=Park Seo-hyun|date=January 21, 2018|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=January 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180121043945/http://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=112&amp;aid=0002995370|url-status=live}}* {{cite web|title=모모랜드 주이, 걸그룹 평판 1위... 2위 레드벨벳 아이린, 3위 트와이스 모모|trans-title=Momoland JooE, Girl Group Reputation No. 1... Red Velvet Irene No. 2, Twice Momo No. 3|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=011&amp;aid=0003224252|website=Seoul Economic Daily|language=ko|author=Jeong Da-hoon|date=February 17, 2018|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=February 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218075101/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=011&amp;aid=0003224252|url-status=live}}* {{cite web|title=레드벨벳 아이린, 걸그룹 개인 브랜드 1위…나연·모모 2·3위 [공식]|trans-title=Red Velvet Irene, Girl Group Private Brand No. 1… Nayeon·Momo 2nd and 3rd place [Official]|url=https://news.nate.com/view/20180415n03312|website=TV Report|language=ko|author=Kim Ga-young|date=April 15, 2018|access-date=February 20, 2021}}* {{cite web|title=아이유, 8월 女광고모델 브랜드평판 1위 수성…2위 손나은·3위 아이린|trans-title=IU, August female advertising model brand 1st, 2nd Son Naeun, 3rd Irene|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=112&amp;aid=0003061620|website=Herald Pop|language=ko|author=An Tae-hyeon|date=August 15, 2018|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=February 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220130321/https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=112&amp;aid=0003061620|url-status=live}}* {{cite web|title=[브랜드평판] 걸그룹 개인 브랜드 2018년 9월 빅데이터 분석결과...1위 레드벨벳 슬기, 2위 레드벨벳|trans-title=[Brand reputation] Girl group personal brand Big data analysis result of September 2018...1st Red Velvet Seulgi, 2nd Red Velvet|url=http://www.rekorea.net/bbs/board.php?bo_table=repu4&amp;wr_id=288|website=Korea Corporate Reputation Research Institute|language=ko|date=September 16, 2018|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181220091432/http://www.rekorea.net/bbs/board.php?bo_table=repu4&amp;wr_id=288|archive-date=December 20, 2018|url-status=dead}}* {{cite web|title=[브랜드평판] 걸그룹 개인 브랜드 2018년 12월 빅데이터 분석결과...1위 마마무 화사, 2위 블|trans-title=[Brand reputation] Girl group personal brand Big data analysis result of December 2018... 1st place Mamamoo Hwasa, 2nd place bl|url=http://www.rekorea.net/bbs/board.php?bo_table=repu4&amp;wr_id=319&amp;page=1|website=Korea Corporate Reputation Research Institute|language=ko|date=December 16, 2018|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801001805/http://www.rekorea.net/bbs/board.php?bo_table=repu4&amp;wr_id=319&amp;page=1|archive-date=August 1, 2019|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolosha shaqsiyeed ==
Bishii Febraayo 2020, Irene waxay ku deeqday 100 milyan oo ay ku guuleysatay Laabta Bulshada ee Kuuriya si ay gacan uga geysato taageeridda kuwa ay saameeyeen masiibada [[Korona fayras|KOVID-19]] ee Koonfur Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=[단독]레드벨벳 아이린, 코로나19 성금 1억 쾌척…&quot;힘내세요 대구!&quot;|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=477&amp;aid=0000234222|website=Sports TV News|language=ko|author=Kang Hyo-jin|date=February 28, 2020|access-date=January 30, 2021|archive-date=November 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101033047/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=477&amp;aid=0000234222|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Muranka ===
Oktoobar 21, 2020, Irene waxaa lagu soo oogay dacwad ah si xun ula dhaqmid iyo aflagaado tifaftiraha moodada oo la dejiyay intii lagu jiray sawir qaadista (sida ku cad dhambaalka Instagram ee hadda la tirtiray ee tifaftirahaas).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=[전문]레드벨벳 아이린·슬기 갑질?…15년차 에디터의 폭로|url=http://sports.khan.co.kr/entertainment/sk_index.html?art_id=202010220912003&amp;sec_id=540101&amp;pt=nv|website=Kyunghyang|language=ko|author=Lee Se-hyun|date=October 22, 2020|access-date=November 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225072500/http://sports.khan.co.kr/entertainment/sk_index.html?art_id=202010220912003&amp;sec_id=540101&amp;pt=nv|archive-date=December 25, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Irene ayaa baraha bulshada ku qaadatay in ay soo dhigto bayaan rasmi ah, iyada oo qiratay khaladaadkii ay gashay, kana raaligelisay dhaqankeeda. SM Entertainment ayaa iyaduna markii dambe sii daysay raaligelin ku aaddan erayada iyo dhaqanka waxyeellada leh.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=[공식입장] SM &quot;아이린, 스타일리스트 만나 사과…성숙하지 못한 모습 죄송&quot;|url=http://www.mydaily.co.kr/new_yk/html/read.php?newsid=202010220917784929&amp;ext=na|website=My Daily|language=ko|author=Lee Seung-rok|date=October 22, 2020|access-date=November 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225072501/http://www.mydaily.co.kr/new_yk/html/read.php?newsid=202010220917784929&amp;ext=na|archive-date=December 25, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Muranka kulul wuxuu sababay falcelin baahsan maadaama ay dhalisay wada-hadallo waaweyn oo ku saabsan dhaqanka “[[gapjil]]” (갑질) ee qotada dheer ee bulshada Kuuriya.  Khubarada iyo af-hayeennada dhaqdhaqaaqyada siyaasadeed ee kala duwan ee Koonfur Kuuriya waxay rumaysnaayeen in inta badan cadhada dadweynaha ee ku aaddan Irene ay ka timaaddo xisaabinta waddanka &quot;gapjil&quot; (ama dhaqan xumayn iyo xoogsheegasho ay ku hayaan dadka xilalka haya ama kuwa waaweyn), arrin uu waddanku leeyahay  isku dayay in la tirtiro oo hoos loo dhigo.&lt;ref name=&quot;image&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Irene of Red Velvet's bullying scandal gives insight into abuse of power in Korean society, not just K-pop|url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/k-pop/news/article/3107345/how-irene-red-velvets-bullying-scandal-gives-insight-abuse|website=South China Morning Post|author=Tamar Herman|date=October 28, 2020|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=February 13, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213103621/https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/k-pop/news/article/3107345/how-irene-red-velvets-bullying-scandal-gives-insight-abuse|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Aragtida guud ee Koonfur Kuuriya ee ku aaddan xubnaha kooxaha sanamyada ayaa iyaduna soo ifbaxday dhacdada, taas oo haweenka gaar ahaan lagu hayo heer sare marka loo eego fannaaniinta ragga ah marka ay timaaddo murannada.&lt;ref name=&quot;image&quot; /&gt;

Iyadoo la raacayo mala -awaal badan oo la xiriira dhacdada, iyo sidoo kale eedeymo badan oo ku saabsan si xun ula -dhaqanka Irene, waxaa sidoo kale jiray shaqaale horay ula soo shaqeeyay Irene oo ka dhiibtay fikradooda si ay u difaacaan muusik -hayaha. Qaar ka mid ah stylists-ka, qoob-ka-ciyaarka, iyo fannaaniinta is-qurxinta ee la shaqeeyay ayaa sidoo kale ku dhajiyay akoonadooda Instagram-ka inaysan waligood la kulmin falal qallafsan oo la wadaago Irene.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=아이린 인성 논란에 &quot;좋은 면이 더 많은 연예인&quot;이라는 업계 관계자들 의견이 나오고 있다|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.kr/entry/redvelvet-irene-bae-joo-hyun_kr_5f928eb7c5b66d4a0dbe18e0|website=Huffington Post|language=ko|author=Lee In-hye|date=October 23, 2020|access-date=November 27, 2020|archive-date=November 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101071108/https://www.huffingtonpost.kr/entry/redvelvet-irene-bae-joo-hyun_kr_5f928eb7c5b66d4a0dbe18e0|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ellena Yim, oo ahayd agaasimihii hore ee SM, ayaa sidoo kale ku andacootay inay mar walba “laba dhinac u tahay sheeko walba” waana nasiib darro in dadku diideen inay fiiriyaan dhinaca kale ee sheekada maadaama ay xoogga saareen kaliya waxa soo shaac baxay iyo waxay rabaan inay arkaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=레드벨벳 스태프들, 아이린 칭찬 릴레이…&quot;따뜻한 사람, 진실 통할 것&quot;[종합]|url=http://www.spotvnews.co.kr/?mod=news&amp;act=articleView&amp;idxno=386152|website=Sports TV News|language=ko|author=Jang Jin-ri|date=October 23, 2020|access-date=December 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225072501/http://www.spotvnews.co.kr/?mod=news&amp;act=articleView&amp;idxno=386152|archive-date=December 25, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tifaftiraha moodada ee ku lug leh ayaa sidoo kale ka hadlay wararka xanta ah ee ku wareegaya internetka wuxuuna codsaday in la joojiyo mala-awaalka.  Waxay ku nuuxnuuxsatay inaysan jirin wax dejin lacageed, oo kaliya is-weydaarsiga “raali-gelin daacad ah” ayaa dhacday markii ay mar kale kulmeen.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=[전문] '갑질 폭로' 스타일리스트 &quot;아이린에 직접 사과 받아…금액적 합의 NO&quot;|url=https://entertain.naver.com/ranking/read?oid=421&amp;aid=0004947267|website=News 1|language=ko|author=Kim Min-ji|date=October 23, 2020|access-date=December 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225072535/https://entertain.naver.com/ranking/read?oid=421&amp;aid=0004947267|archive-date=December 25, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Filmografi ==

=== Filim ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Sanad
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Filimka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Doorka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Tix.
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2015
|''SMTown: The Stage''
|Nafteeda
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title='SM타운' 공연실황 다큐, 8월13일 국내개봉 확정|url=http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0000493101|website=X-sports News|language=ko|author=Cho Jae-yong|date=July 9, 2015|access-date=April 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804015001/http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0000493101|archive-date=August 4, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2020
|''[[Trolls World Tour]]''
|Baby Bun (cod)
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Red Velvet Share Troll-ish Character Posters for 'Trolls World Tour'|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/international/8550504/red-velvet-share-troll-ish-character-posters-for-trolls-world|website=Billboard|author=Tamar Herman|date=February 9, 2020|access-date=March 12, 2020|archive-date=March 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200311160339/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/international/8550504/red-velvet-share-troll-ish-character-posters-for-trolls-world|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2021
|''[[Double Patty]]''
|Lee Hyun-ji
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Irene of Red Velvet to Make Big Screen Debut Next Month|url=http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2021/01/30/2021013000386.html|website=[[The Chosun Ilbo]]|date=January 30, 2021|access-date=February 6, 2021|archive-date=February 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220130358/http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2021/01/30/2021013000386.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

=== Taxanaha telefishanka ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Sanad
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Telefishanka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Doorka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Tix.
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |2016
|''[[Descendants of the Sun]]''
|Nafteeda
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='태양의 후예' 레드벨벳, 위문공연에 깜짝 등장...송중기-진구 '환호'|url=https://tenasia.hankyung.com/topic/article/2016041443734|website=Ten Asia|language=ko|author=Lee Eun-jin|date=April 14, 2016|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=August 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815074931/https://tenasia.hankyung.com/topic/article/2016041443734|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Women at a Game Company''
|Ah-reum
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;womengamecompany&quot; /&gt;
|}

=== Bandhigyo kala duwan ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Sanad
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Magac
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Doorka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |{{abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2016
|''[[Trick &amp; True]]'' 
|
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;tricktrue&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='트릭 앤 트루' 전현무, 아이린·웬디 사이에서 '함박웃음'…해리포터로 변신한 이유는?|url=http://www.newspim.com/news/view/20161028000135|website=News Pim|language=ko|author=Jeong Sang-ho|date=October 29, 2016|access-date=January 15, 2018|archive-date=May 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180515160616/http://www.newspim.com/news/view/20161028000135|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2016–2017
|''Laundry Day''
|
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;laundry&quot; /&gt;
|-
|}

=== Marti gelinta ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Sanad
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Magac
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |{{abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2015–2016
|''[[Music Bank]]''
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;musicbank&quot; /&gt;
|-
! rowspan=&quot;4&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |2017
|''[[Music Bank World Tour]]'': ''Singapore''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=박보검X아이린, '뮤직뱅크 월드투어' MC 확정[공식]|url=http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2017/04/28/2017042800736.html|website=Sports Chosun|language=ko|author=Jeong Yoo-na|date=April 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170428024514/http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2017/04/28/2017042800736.html|archive-date=April 28, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=KBS &quot;박보검X아이린, '뮤직뱅크 인 자카르타' MC 확정&quot;(공식)|url=http://www.xportsnews.com/jenter/?ac=article_view&amp;entry_id=855800|website=X-sports News|language=ko|author=Jeon Ah-ram|date=May 26, 2017|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804012813/http://www.xportsnews.com/jenter/?ac=article_view&amp;entry_id=855800|archive-date=August 4, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''[[Music Bank World Tour]]:'' ''Jakarta''
|-
|''Korean Popular Culture &amp; Arts Awards''
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=엑소·박보검·지성·윤여정 등 28人 2017 대중문화예술상 수상|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003650227|website=Osen|language=ko|author=Ji Min-kyung|date=October 30, 2017|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=June 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627081311/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&amp;aid=0003650227|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''[[KBS Song Festival]]''
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=엑소 찬열·방탄 진·워너원 강다니엘, 'KBS 가요대축제' MC|url=http://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=241&amp;aid=0002739456|website=Daily Sports|language=ko|author=Hwang Ji-young|date=December 21, 2017|access-date=February 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223111745/http://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid%3D241%26aid%3D0002739456|archive-date=December 23, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=BTS Performs Rock Remixes of 'DNA' &amp; 'Not Today' at 2017 KBS Song Festival|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8085629/bts-dna-not-today-2017-kbs-song-festival-video|website=Billboard|author=Tamar Herman|date=December 30, 2017|access-date=February 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401113608/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8085629/bts-dna-not-today-2017-kbs-song-festival-video|archive-date=April 1, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2018
|''SBS Super Concert in Taipei''
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title='SBS 슈퍼콘서트' 민규·아이린, '하바나' 댄스+섹시 웨이브 '환호'|url=https://star.mbn.co.kr/view.php?year=2018&amp;no=501427&amp;refer=portal|website=MBN Star|language=ko|author=Son Jin-ah|date=August 10, 2018|access-date=February 20, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2019
|''[[KBS Song Festival]]''
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=[단독]갓세븐 진영X레드벨벳 아이린, 'KBS 가요대축제' MC 확정|url=http://www.joynews24.com/view/1227627|website=Joy News 24|language=ko|author=Kim Yang-soo|date=December 6, 2019|access-date=February 20, 2021|archive-date=August 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804173124/http://joynews24.com/view/1227627|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

=== Fiidiyowga muusikada ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Year
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Title
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2021
|“A White Night” 
&lt;small&gt;''(Soundtrack of Double Patty)''&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite av media|title=아이린 IRENE - 흰 밤 A White Night Official M/V|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c3Zst-EVqwI|website=YouTube|publisher=Genie Music|date=February 23, 2021|access-date=April 29, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}

== Tix ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Xiriirinta dibedda ==
{{Commons|Irene Bae}}

[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya dadka]]
[[Category:Xubnaha Red Velvet]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]
[[Category:Idolyasha dhedig Koonfur Kuuriya]]</text>
      <sha1>ts1r00oelnwyrcf0uco5adzb67aia58</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Karina</title>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="6316" sha1="9jljbqaykjfkxbfyxt2m9wogeubz937" xml:space="preserve">'''Yu Ji-Min''' (dhashay 11 Abriil, 2000) oo lagu yaqaan magaceeda masraxa '''Karina''', waa fanaanad u dhalatay Koonfur Kuuriya waxayna xubin ka tahay kooxda gabdhaha [[Aespa]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://kbizoom.com/why-is-karina-aespa-called-the-first-snake-faced-idol-of-kpop/ Why is Karina (aespa) called the first &quot;snake-faced idol&quot; of Kpop?] {{Wayback|url=https://kbizoom.com/why-is-karina-aespa-called-the-first-snake-faced-idol-of-kpop/ |date=20211009231632 }} - ''KBIZoom''&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Infobox musical artist|Name=Karina|Birth_name=Yu Ji-Min|birth_place=[[Gyeonggi-do]], Koonfur Kuuriya|module=|birth_date={{birth date and age|2000|04|11|}}|Years_active=2020–hada|Instrument=Cod|Associated_acts=[[Aespa]]|Genre=[[K-pop]]|Label={{hlist|[[SM Entertainment]]|[[Creative Artists Agency]]|}}|image=Aespa Karina 카리나 20240618 01.png|caption=Karina ee 2024}}

== Nolosha gaarka ==
Karina waa [[Kaniisadda Katooliga|Katooliga]] waxayna sheegtay in magaceedu yahay Katarina, magaca Katooliga, waa dhiirigelinta magaceeda masraxa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Choi|first=A-reum|title=금발로 미모 리즈 갱신, 에스파 카리나 TMI 12|trans-title=Renewing Beauty Lies with Blondes, Aespa Karina's TMI 12|url=https://www.esquirekorea.co.kr/article/77610|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517101439/https://www.esquirekorea.co.kr/article/77610|archive-date=May 17, 2023|access-date=November 15, 2023|website=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire Korea]]|date=May 17, 2023|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Xirfad ==
Kahor intaanay noqon heesaa, Karina waxay ka soo muuqatay muuqaalka muusiga [[Taemin]] heesta &quot;Want&quot; ee 2019, waxayna ku qaaday dhowr barnaamijyo muusig toddobaadyada soo socda.&lt;ref name=&quot;want&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Kim|first=Soo-young|date=November 11, 2020|title='SM 신인' 에스파, 카리나 아바타 티저 공개...점까지 유지민 판박이|trans-title='SM Rookie' Aespa Releases Karina Avatar Teaser... Down to the Last Detail, idential to Yoo Jimin|url=https://www.hankyung.com/article/202011117101H|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231115220459/https://www.hankyung.com/article/202011117101H|archive-date=November 15, 2023|access-date=November 15, 2023|website=[[The Korea Economic Daily]]|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=SM &quot;연습생 유지민 관련 악성루머 법적 조치 취할것&quot;...누구길래?|url=https://digitalchosun.dizzo.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/10/15/2020101580148.html|website=[[The Chosun Ilbo]]|language=ko|last=Young|first=Hana|date=October 15, 2020|access-date=November 18, 2023|archive-date=November 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231118113741/https://digitalchosun.dizzo.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/10/15/2020101580148.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Karina sidoo kale waxay kula soo muuqatay [[Kai]] xayeysiis [[Hyundai]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Yoon|first=Ji-na|date=November 2, 2020|title=[스브스타] 엑소 카이와 광고 촬영한 '에스파' 카리나...남다른 미모 눈길|trans-title=[SBS Star] EXO's Kai and 'Aespa' Karina in an advertisement shoot... A look at her extraordinary beauty|url=https://news.sbs.co.kr/news/endPage.do?news_id=N1006053280|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230826192434/http://news.sbs.co.kr/news/endPage.do?news_id=N1006053280|archive-date=August 26, 2023|access-date=November 15, 2023|website=[[Seoul Broadcasting System|SBS News]]|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Oktoobar 27, 2020, SM waxay shaaca ka qaaday Karina inay tahay xubinta labaad ee [[Aespa]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Yim|first=Seung-hye|date=October 28, 2020|title=aespa's second member, Karina, is introduced by SM|url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2020/10/28/entertainment/kpop/kpop-sm-entertainment-karina/20201028101001401.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102042713/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2020/10/28/entertainment/kpop/kpop-sm-entertainment-karina/20201028101001401.html|archive-date=November 2, 2023|access-date=July 26, 2022|website=[[Korea Joongang Daily]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Diseembar 17, 2021, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inay xubin ka tahay kooxda SM [[Got the Beat]] iyada iyo [[Winter]] iyo fannaaniin kale sida [[BoA]], [[Girls' Generation]] [[Taeyeon]] iyo [[Kim Hyo-yeon|Hyoyeon]], iyo xubnaha [[Red Velvet]] [[Seulgi]] iyo [[Wendy]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Chan|first=Tim|date=January 3, 2022|title=Meet 'Girls on Top:' K-Pop's New Female 'Super Group'|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/girls-on-top-k-pop-group-members-1277952/|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201192142/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/girls-on-top-k-pop-group-members-1277952/|archive-date=February 1, 2023|access-date=January 3, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Noofambar 30, 2023 ayaa lagu dhawaaqay in Karina ay qayb ka noqon doonto barnaamijka [[Netfilikis|Netflix]] ''Agents of Mystery'' kaas oo loo qorsheeyay in la sii daayo 2024.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Farshaxan ==
Karina waxay soo xigatay [[Kamila Kabello]] iyo [[Girls' Generation]] inay yihiin kudayashadeeda iyo saamaynta muusiga.&lt;ref&gt;https://mdpr.jp/k-enta/2443086&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay sidoo kale taageere u tahay [[Beyoncé]], [[Kehlani]], [[IU]], [[Taeyeon]] iyo [[Lee Hi]].&lt;ref&gt;https://www.vivi.tv/post192452/&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Sawirka dadweynaha iyo saamaynta ==
[[File:Aespa Karina at the 2025 Waterbomb Festival.png|thumb|231x231px|Karina ee [[Dabbaaldegyada Waterbomb]], 2025]]
Karina ayaa lagu ammaanay inay tahay fanaanad leh hibo badan oo dhanka qoob ka ciyaarka, heesaha iyo raabka.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20230330035414/https://www.smentertainment.com/PressCenter/Details/5083&lt;/ref&gt; Dareen-celinta quruxdeeda waxay ahaayeen kuwo aad u wanaagsan iyada oo inta badan lagu sharraxay mid ka mid ah haweenka ugu quruxda badan ee haweenka da'da yar ee warshadaha fanka ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.womentimes.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=74465&lt;/ref&gt; Karina waa qof aad caan uga ah muwaadiniinta da'da yar ee [[Koonfur Kuuriya]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.womentimes.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=74465&lt;/ref&gt;

== Heesa ==

* &quot;[[Up (hees)|Up]]&quot; (2024)
* &quot;[[Good Stuff]]&quot; (2025) 

== Tix ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Koonfur Kuuriya dadka]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]
[[Category:Idolyasha dhedig Koonfur Kuuriya]]</text>
      <sha1>9jljbqaykjfkxbfyxt2m9wogeubz937</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Stolperstein</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33877</id>
    <revision>
      <id>312017</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-08T03:15:05Z</timestamp>
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      <comment>Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="42405" sha1="plhct0lh57heg0i1nz0fu4zn3utm4wz" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Stolperstein Emmy Zehden in Berlin-Wilhelmstadt.jpg|thumb|300px|Stolpertsteine, [[Emmy Zehden]], [https://www.jw.org/so/ Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah] ]]
[[Stolperstein]] (loogu dhawaaqo [ˈʃtɔlpɐˌʃtaɪn] (Ku saabsan liiskan codka); jamac Stolpersteine; macno ahaan &quot;dhagaxa lagu turunturoodo&quot;, sarbeeb ahaan &quot;wax lagu turunturoodo&quot;) waa cabbir deg-deg ah, toban-sintimitir (3.9 in) cube la taaban karo oo sita saxan naxaas ah oo lagu qoray magaca iyo taariikhaha nololeed ee dhibbanayaashii xasuuqii Nazi ama cadaadiskii.

==Sido kale fiiri==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20241225103108/https://wol.jw.org/so/wol/d/r182/lp-so/502013257 Maxaynan Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah Dagaal uga Qaybqaadan?]
* [[Saddex -xagalka violet]]

* [https://www.jw.org/en/jehovahs-witnesses/faq/jw-holocaust-facts-concentration-camps/ What Happened to Jehovah’s Witnesses During the Time of the Holocaust?]

* [[Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ee ku sugan Kaamka Xoogaynta Auschwitz-Birkineu]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable collapsible collapsed&quot;
|-
! colspan=&quot;4&quot;| Liiska Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ee Jarmalka ee la dilay intii lagu jiray Reich Saddexaad, oo lagu xusay [[stolperstein]] ach
|-
! style=&quot;width: 2000px&quot;| Qof
! style=&quot;width: 200px&quot;| Sawir
! style=&quot;width: 4200px&quot;| Cinwaanka
! style=&quot;width: 1500px&quot;| Taariikhda daah furka
|-
| [[Hermann Abke]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Herford Hardenbergstraße 7 Hermann Abke.JPG|200px]]
| [[Herford]], Hardenbergstraße 7
| 5 Mayo 2011
|-
| [[Werner Allenberger]]
| [[File:20131108Stolpersteine Hockenheim8.jpg|200px]]
| [[Hockenheim]], Hildastraße 6
| 7 Nofeembar 2013
|-
| [[Katharina Badent]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Stolpersteine Konstanz, Katharina Badent |url=http://stolpersteine-konstanz.de/badent_katharina.html |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2022-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120114444/https://stolpersteine-konstanz.de/badent_katharina.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stein badent katharina.jpg|200px]]
| [[Konstanz]], Markgrafenstr. 63
| 28 Juun 2014
|-
| [[Eduard Baltruschat]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Eduard Baltruschat Sattelstraße 27 Ahlen.nnw.jpg|200px]]
| Ahlen, Sattelstraße_27
| 5 Maarso 2010
|-
| [[Erich Barthel]]
| [[File:15.8.2018 Stolperstein von Erich Barthel Auerbach Vogtl. Falkensteiner Str. 40.JPG|200px]]
| [[Auerbach/Vogtl.]], Falkensteiner Str. 40
| 15 Julaay 2013
|-
| [[Anna Bassinger]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Anna Bassinger (Gera).jpg|200px]]
| [[Denzlingen]], Hauptstraße 233
| 9 Julaay 2018
|-
| [[Wilhelm Bathen]]
| 
| Dinslaken, Forststrasse 6
| 23 Febraayo 2013
|-
| [[Emil Bauer]]
|
| [[Heilbronn]], Teichstraße 8
| 10 Abriil 2013
|-
| [[Karl Baur]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Karl Baur Vöhringen.jpg|200px]]
| [[Vöhringen]], Ulmer Straße 19
| 10 Sebtembar 2013
|-
| [[Ewald Berger]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Ewald Berger.jpg|200px]]
| [[Ibbenbueren]], Arenbergstrasse 1
| 3 Nofeembar 2017
|-
| [[Ludwig Bischoff]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Stolpersteine, Ludwig Bischoff |url=https://forumwk.de/2021/02/17/neuer-stolperstein-in-der-berliner-strasse-ludwig-bischoff-die-ehre-erweisen/ |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421145457/https://forumwk.de/2021/02/17/neuer-stolperstein-in-der-berliner-strasse-ludwig-bischoff-die-ehre-erweisen/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| [[Wermelskirchen]], Berlinerstrasse 112
| 17 Febraayo 2021
|-
| [[Karl Blochwitz]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Karl Blochwitz, Dresdner Strasse 125, Dresden.JPG|200px]]
| Dresden, Dresdner Straße 125
| 29 Sebtembar 2015
|-
| [[Ferdinand (Wilhelm) von Blume]]
|
| Frankfurt Oder, Gubener Strasse 35
| 31 Mayo 2017
|-
| [[Hermann Boian]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304043008/http://www.stolpersteine-ffo.de/4.html Stolpersteine für Frankfurt (Oder) und Slubice, Hermann Boian]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Frankfurt Oder 2018-02-04 041.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt Oder, Hermann-Boian-Straße
| 8 Mayo 2006
|-
| [[Gustav Bopp]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.stolpersteine-heidelberg.de/gustav-bopp.html Stolpersteine Heidelberg, Gustav Bopp]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Heidelberg Gustav Bopp.png|200px]]
| [[Heidelberg]], Zähringerstraße 25
| 28 Nofeembar 2011
|-
| [[Hermann Brandt]]&lt;ref name=mrn&gt;[http://www.mrn-news.de/2016/05/19/bruehl-stolpersteine-fuer-zeugen-jehovas-am-21-mai-2-256123/ Brühl – Stolpersteine für Zuegen Jehovas am 21. Mai; mrn-news]&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[File:Stolpersteine Fam Brandt, Brühl.jpg|200px]]
| [[Brühl]], Rohrhofer Str. 32
| 21 Mayo 2016
|-
| [[Ida Brandt]]
| [[File:Stolpersteine Fam Brandt, Brühl.jpg|200px]]
| Brühl, Rohrhofer Str. 32
| 21 Mayo 2016
|-
| [[Otto Brandt]]
| [[File:Stolpersteine Fam Brandt, Brühl.jpg|200px]]
| Brühl, Rohrhofer Str. 32
| 21 Mayo 2016
|-
| [[Albert Bronner]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Albert Bronner, 1, Wiesenstraße 2, Südstadt, Singen, Landkreis Konstanz.jpg|200px]]
| Singen, Wiesenstrasse 2
| 14 Julaay 2011
|-
| [[Ludwik Brummer]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.stolpersteine-heidelberg.de/ludwig-brummer.html Initiavie Heidelberger Stolpersteine; Stolpersteine Heidelberg]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Ludwig Brummer Stolperstein HD.JPG|200px]]
| [[Heidelberg]], Dreikönigstraße 24
| 12 Oktoobar 2010
|-
| [[Konrad Brzezek]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.stolpersteine-berlin.de/de/biografie/2255 Koordinierungsstelle Stolpersteine Berlin, Konrad Brzezek]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein.Friedrichshain.Lichtenberger Straße 40.Konrad Brzezek.6268.jpg|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Lichtenberger Straße
| 18 Julaay 2007
|-
| [[Klara Busse]]&lt;ref name=maz&gt;[https://www.maz-online.de/Lokales/Oberhavel/Hennigsdorf/Hennigsdorf-Ein-Stolperstein-fuer-Wilhelm-Busse Wilhelm Busse (maz-online.de)]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein für Klara Busse (Hennigsdorf ).jpg|200px]]
| [[Hennigsdorf]], Berliner Strasse 18
| 15 Julaay 2019
|-
| [[Wilhelm Busse]]
| 
| Hennigsdorf, Berliner Strasse 18
| 15 Julaay 2019
|-
| [[Martha Büttner]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Ebertystr 12a (Frhai) Martha Büttner.jpg|200px]]
| Berlin, Ebertystraße 12a
| 14 Juun 2018
|-
| [[Friedrich Büttner]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Ebertystr 12a (Frhai) Friedrich Büttner.jpg|200px]]
| Berlin, Ebertystraße 12a
| 14 Juun 2018
|-
| [[Maria A. Chrupalla]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://stolpersteine-hamburg.de/index.php?MAIN_ID=7&amp;BIO_ID=1574 Stolpersteine in Hamburg, Maria A. Chrupalla]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Große Bergstraße 219 (Maria A. Chrupalla) in Hamburg-Altona-Altstadt.JPG|200px]]
| [[Hamburg]], Große Bergstraße 219–223
|
|-
| [[Paul Chrupalla]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://stolpersteine-hamburg.de/index.php?MAIN_ID=7&amp;BIO_ID=1575 Stolpersteine in Hamburg, Paul Chrupalla]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Große Bergstraße 219 (Paul J. Chrupalla) in Hamburg-Altona-Altstadt.JPG|200px]]
| [[Hamburg]], Große Bergstraße 219–223
|
|-
| [[Herbert Christoph]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.maz-online.de/Lokales/Ostprignitz-Ruppin/Stolperstein-in-Fehrbellin-fuer-Herbert-Christoph Herbert Christoph (maz-online.de)]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein für Herbert Christoph (Fehrbellin).jpg|200px]]
| [[Fehrbellin]], Rhinstrasse 16
| 29 Maarso 2015
|-
| [[Paul Erhard Clausnitzer]]&lt;ref name = mettmann&gt;[http://www.mettmann.de/denkmaeler/stolpersteine.php Bedeutende Gebäude, Denkmäler &amp; Skulpturen in Mettmann (mettmann.de)]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Paul Erhard Clausnitzer.jpg|200px]]
| [[Mettmann]], Bahnstr. 10
| 30 Oktoobar 2007
|-
| [[Elsa Cranz]]
| [[File:Limmerstraße 50, am 19.09.2013 verlegter Stolperstein Hier wohnte Elsa Cranz, 1917 geb. Boje Zeugin Jehovas Konzentrationslager Ravensbrück Tot 1943.jpg|200px]]
| [[Hanower]], Limmerstraße 50
| 18 Sebtembar 2013
|-
| [[Kurt Degenkolb]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Kurt Degenkolb, Alte Moritzburger Strasse 43, Dresden.JPG|200px]]
| Dresden, Alte Moritzburger Strasse 43
| 
|-
| [[Otto Degenkolb]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Otto Degenkolb, Alte Moritzburger Strasse 43, Dresden.JPG|200px]]
| Dresden, Alte Moritzburger Strasse 43
| 
|-
| [[Anna Denz]]
| 
| [[Lörrach]], Luisenstraße 35
| 24 Sebtembar 2020
|-
| [[Anna Maria Denz]]
| 
| Lörrach, Luisenstraße 35
| 24 Sebtembar 2020
|-
| [[Oskar Denz]]
| 
| Lörrach, Luisenstraße 35
| 24 Sebtembar 2020
|-
| [[Max Hermann Dietze]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Dresden Dietze.JPG|200px]]
| [[Drezno]], Sophienstraße 16
| 29 Sebtembar 2015
|-
| [[Hermann Dreher]]
| [[File:Alemannenstr 9 Konstanz Stolperstein Hermann Dreher.jpg|200px]]
| Konstanz, Alemannenstr. 9
| 3 Mayo 2017
|-
|[[Albert van Duren]]
|[[File:Albert van Duren.JPG|200px]]
|Tiel
|
|-
| [[Gijsbertus J. van den Eickhoff]]
| [[File:Sassnitz, Weddingstr. 12, Stolperstein Gijsbertus J. van den Eijkhoff.jpg|200px]]
| [[Sassnitz]], Weddingstr. 12
| 17 Sebtembar 2007
|-
| [[Victor Emanuel]]
| [[File:Sassnitz, Weddingstr. 12, Stolperstein Victor Emanuel.jpg|200px]]
| [[Sassnitz]], Weddingstr. 12
| 17 Sebtembar 2007
|-
| [[Karl Endstrasser]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Verein Lila Winkel: Karl Endstrasser (lilawinkel.at) |url=http://www.lilawinkel.at/endstrasser-karl/ |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108001934/http://www.lilawinkel.at/endstrasser-karl/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[File:Stolperstein für Karl Endstrasser.JPG|200px]]
| [[Graz]], Wienerstrasse 53
| 27 Julaay 2013
|-
| [[Josef Engel]]
| [[File:Stolpersteine Köln, Josef Engel (Weberstraße 21).jpg|200px]]
| Köln, Weberstr. 21
| 
|-
| [[Julius Engelhardt]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://stolpersteine-guide.de/biografie/443/julius-engelhardt Julius Engelhardt, stolpersteine]&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| [[Karlsruhe]], Buschwiesenweg 13
| 18 Maarso 2008 
|-
| [[Elly Fey]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ksta.de/koeln/erinnerung-an-eine-standhafte-frau,15187530,13997304.html Erinnerung an eine standhafte Frau]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Köln Wilhelmstraße 85 Elly Fey.jpg|200px]]
| [[Kolonia (Niemcy)|Kolonia]], Wilhelmstraße 85
| 4 Oktoobar 2004
|-
| [[Karl Finkernagel]]&lt;ref name = frankfurt&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304095322/http://www.stolpersteine-frankfurt.de/downloads/stolpersteine_zeitplan_1505.pdf Stolpersteine, Frankfurt]&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[File:Frankfurt, Hamburger Allee 58, Stolperstein.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt am Main, Hamburger Allee 58
| 18 Mayo 2015
|-
| [[Anita Frank]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.stolpersteine-berlin.de/en/biografie/3785 Stolpersteine in Berlin, Anita Frank]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Auguste-Viktoria-Str 33 (Schma) Anita Frank.jpg|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Auguste-Viktoria-Str. 33
| 20 Maarso 2012
|-
| [[Nikolaus Fraunhofer]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Nikolaus Fraunhofer (Salzburg).jpg|200px]]
| [[Salzburg]], Theodebertstraße 24
| 7 Julaay 2011
|-
| [[Otto Friedrich]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Otto Friedrich, Quellhofstraße 20, 1, Fasanenhof, Kassel.jpg|200px]]
| Kassel, Quellhofstraße 20
| 14 Juun 2018
|-
| [[Gustav Först]]
| [[File:Sassnitz, Weddingstr. 12, Stolperstein Gustav Först.jpg|200px]]
| [[Sassnitz]], Weddingstr. 12
| 17 Sebtembar 2007
|-
| [[Johanne Gesink]]
| 
| [[Mettmann]], Römerstr. 18
|
|-
| [[Erich Golly]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://stolpersteine-hamburg.de/index.php?&amp;MAIN_ID=7&amp;p=65&amp;BIO_ID=810 Stolpersteine in Hamburg]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Eppendorfer Weg 168 (Erich Golly) in Hamburg-Hoheluft-West.JPG|200px]]
| [[Hamburg]], Eppendorfer Weg 168
|
|-
| [[Josef Göls]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Josef Göls (Salzburg).jpg|200px]]
| [[Salzburg]], Römergasse 17
| 22 Juun 2009
|-
| [[Johann Gruber]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Johann Gruber (Salzburg).jpg|200px]]
| [[Salzburg]], Kirchbergsteig 4
| 23 Maarso 2012
|-
| [[Ernst Fritz Gottschling]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Dresden Gottschling.JPG|200px]]
| [[Dresden]], Sophienstraße 16
| 29 Sebtembar 2015 
|-
| [[Paul Gross]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Paul Gross.jpg|200px]]
| [[Mülheim an der Ruhr]],&lt;br /&gt;Oberhausener Straße 96
|
|-
| [[Max August Grote]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://stolpersteine-hamburg.de/index.php?MAIN_ID=7&amp;BIO_ID=1254 Stolpersteine in Hamburg]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Max August Grote - Von-Essen-Straße 53 (Hamburg-Barmbek-Süd).Stolperstein.nnw.jpg|200px]]
| [[Hamburg]], Von-Essen-Straße 53
|
|-
| [[Rosa Günther]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Rosa Günther.jpg|200px]]
| [[Monachium]], Isartalstraße 34
| 21 December 2013
|-
| [[Georg Halder]]&lt;ref name=swp&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Gruibingen will für Adolf Zanker einen Stolperstein setzen; SWP |url=http://www.swp.de/goeppingen/lokales/landkreis_gp/Gruibingen-will-fuer-Adolf-Zanker-einen-Stolperstein-setzen;art1210078,3755566 |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2016-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401022307/http://www.swp.de/goeppingen/lokales/landkreis_gp/Gruibingen-will-fuer-Adolf-Zanker-einen-Stolperstein-setzen;art1210078,3755566 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|[[Gruibingen]]
|29 Maarso 2016
|-
| [[Erich Hammesfahr]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Solingen Kirschbaumer Str. 9 Erich Hammesfahr.jpg|200px]]
| Solingen, Kirschbaumer Straße 9
| 20 December 2007
|-
| [[Wilhelm Hengeveld]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Wilhelm Hengeveld.jpg|200px]]
| [[Mettmann]], Düsseldorfer Str. 124
|
|-
| [[Mathilde Hengeveld]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Mathilde Hengeveld.jpg|200px]]
| [[Mettmann]], Düsseldorfer Str. 124
|
|-
| [[Richard Hensel]]
| [[File:Sassnitz, Weddingstr. 12, Stolperstein Richard Hensel.jpg|200px]]
| [[Sassnitz]], Weddingstr. 12
| 17 Sebtembar 2007
|-
| [[Alfred Herber]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.blick-aktuell.de/Berichte/Stolpersteine-erinnernan-verfolgte-Zeugen-Jehovas-373758.html Alfred Herber (blick-aktuell.de)]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Herber Alfred.jpg|200px]]
| [[Bonn]], Hunsrückstraße 2
| 4 Febraayo 2019
|-
| [[Erich Hermann]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Straßburger Str 16 (Prenz) Erich Hermann.jpg|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Straßburger Straße 16
| 8 Oktoobar 2011
|-
| [[Rudolf Hart]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.stolpersteine-graz.at/veranstaltungen/verlegung-von-stolpersteinen-in-graz-und-leoben-2/ Stolpersteine in Graz Verlegung von Stolpersteinen in Graz (stolpersteine-graz.at)]&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| [[Graz]], Triester Str. 85
| 20 Sebtembar 2019
|-
| [[Johann Haslauer]]
| [[File:StolpersteinSalzburgHaslauerJohann.jpg|200px]]
| [[Salzburg]], Getreidegasse 33
| 22 Ogosto 2008 
|-
| [[Maria Haslauer]]
| [[File:StolpersteinSalzburgHaslauerMarie.jpg|200px]]
| [[Salzburg]], Getreidegasse 33
| 22 Ogosto 2008
|-
| [[Amalie Hesse]]
| [[File: Stolperstein Amalie Hesse, 1, Mergellstraße 41, Kirchditmold, Kassel.jpg|200px]]
| Kassel-Kirchditmold, Mergellstraße 41
| 23 Mayo 2017
|-
| [[Auguste Hetkamp]]
|
| [[Oberhausen]], Kalkstraße 7
| 7 Abriil 2011
|-
| [[Wilhelm Hetkamp]]
|
| Oberhausen, Am Walde 3b
| 28 Maarso 2017
|-
| [[Wilhelm Hetkamp]]
|
| Oberhausen, Am Walde 3b
| 28 Maarso 2017
|-
| [[Gustav Heyer]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Gustav Heyer (Erlangen).jpg|200px]]
| Erlangen, Österreicher Straße 12a
| 
|-
| [[Frieda Hild]]
| [[File:Stolperst marbachweg 291 hild frieda.jpg|200px]]
| [[Frankfurt nad Menem]], Marbachweg 291
| 21 Juun 2014
|-
| [[Willy Hild]]
| [[File:Stolperst marbachweg 291 hild willy.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt nad Menem, Marbachweg 291
| 21 Juun 2014
|-
| [[Johann Hildenbeutel]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Karlsruhe Johann Hildenbeutel Baumeisterstr 34 (fcm).jpg|200px]]
| [[Karlsruhe]], Baumeisterstraße 34
| 29 Mayo 2009
|-
| [[Oswin Hilbert]]
| [[File:Sassnitz, Weddingstr. 12, Stolperstein Oswin Hilbert.jpg|200px]]
| [[Sassnitz]], Weddingstr. 12
| 17 Sebtembar 2007
|-
| [[Martha Bertha Hindel]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.stolpersteine-luebeck.de/main/adressen/krausestrasse-1.html In der Krausestraße 1 wohnte Martha Bertha Hindel mit ihrer Tochter Carmen-Lore (stolpersteine-luebeck.de)]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:HL-109 Martha Hindel (1896).jpg|200px]]
| Lubeck, Krausestraße 1
| 25 Abriil 2009
|-
| [[Paulina Hofmaier (Feuerstein)]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Biografische Informationen Paulina Hofmaier geb. Feuerstein |url=http://stolpersteine-konstanz.de/hofmaier_paulina.html |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108000755/https://stolpersteine-konstanz.de/hofmaier_paulina.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stein hofmaier paulina.jpg|200px]]
| [[Konstanz]], Emmishofer Str. 8
| 9 Sebtembar 2013
|-
| [[Johann Hörstgen]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Johann Hörstgen.jpg|200px]]
| [[Mülheim an der Ruhr]], Liebigstr. 27
|
|-
| [[Auguste Imlau]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Braunschweig Karlstrasse 25 Auguste Imlau.jpg|200px]]
| [[Brunschweig]], Karlstraße 25
| 
|-
| [[Anna Jensch]]
| 
| [[Mittenwalde (powiat Dahme-Spreewald)|Mittenwalde]], Gartenstrasse 5
| 22  Oktoobar 2012
|-
| [[Ida Jeremias]]&lt;ref name = glocke&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Stolpersteine erinnern an Zeugen Jehovas (die-glocke.de) |url=http://www.die-glocke.de/lokalnachrichten/kreiswarendorf/warendorf/Stolpersteine-erinnern-an-Zeugen-Jehovas-c881082b-6cfb-4b63-865f-31a534db8ca8-ds |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115170014/https://www.die-glocke.de/lokalnachrichten/kreiswarendorf/warendorf/Stolpersteine-erinnern-an-Zeugen-Jehovas-c881082b-6cfb-4b63-865f-31a534db8ca8-ds |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Warendorf Oststraße 33 Ida Jeremias.jpg|200px]]
| [[Warendorf]], Oststraße 33
| 15 December 2016
|-
| [[Amelie Jordt]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Amalie Jordt.JPG|200px]]
| [[Chemnitz]], Blücherstraße 17
| 7 Oktoobar 2008 
|-
| [[Wanda Jumpertz]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Wanda Jumpertz, 1, Immengarten 8, Hildesheim, Landkreis Hildesheim.jpg|200px]]
| [[Hildesheim]], Immengarten 8
| 9 Maarso 2012
|-
| [[Hans Julius Johannes Jürs]]
|
| Lubeka, Weiter Lohberg 18
| 25 Abriil 2009
|-
| [[Konrad Kaiser]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.badkissingen.de/de/stadt/geschichtliches/bad-kissinger-stolpersteine/37072.KONRAD-KAISER-1894-1940-Arbeiter-Jahnstrasse-35.html Konrad Kaiser (badkissingen.de)]&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| [[Bad Kissingen]], Jahnstraße 35
|
|-
| [[Adam Kaltwasser]]
| [[File:Stolperst ginnheimer landstr 198 kaltwasser adam.jpg|200px]]
| [[Frankfurt am Mainz]], Ginnheimer Landstraße 198
| 21 Juun 2014
|-
| [[Wilhelmine Kaltwasser]]
| [[File:Stolperst ginnheimer landstr 198 kaltwasser wilhelmine.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt am Main, Ginnheimer Landstraße 198
| 21 Juun 2014
|-
| [[Friedrich Kaubisch]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://erich-zeigner-haus-ev.de/einzelprojekt/?pid=97 Friedrich Kaubisch (erich-zeigner-haus-ev.de)]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Kaubisch, Friedrich.jpg|200px]]
| [[Bad Lausick]], August-Bebel-Straße 25
| 20 Juun 2018
|-
| [[Bernhard Kell]]
| [[File: Stolperst voltastr 55 kell bernhard.jpg|200px]]
|Frankfurt am Main, Voltastr. 55
| 18 Mayo 2015
|-
| [[Werner Kerlekien]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Kiefholzstr 21 Werner Kerlekien.JPG|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Kiefholzstraße 21
| 8 Oktoobar 2011
|-
| [[Karl Kirsch]]
|
| Bochum, Maxstraße 16
| 19 Sebtembar 2011
|-
| [[Wilhelm Kleissle]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Biografische Informationen Wilhelm Kleissle |url=http://www.stolpersteine-konstanz.de/index.html?kleissle_wilhelm.htm |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226221106/https://www.stolpersteine-konstanz.de/index.html?kleissle_wilhelm.htm |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:wilhelm-kleissle-konstanz.jpg|200px]]
| [[Konstanz]], Ackertorweg 10
| 22 Mayo 2009
|-
| [[Victoria Klimm]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Munich, Viktoria Klimm.jpg|200px]]
| [[Monachium]], Entenbachstraße 45
| 21 December 2013
|-
| [[Max Klix]]
| [[File:Stolpersteine Köln, Max Klix (Humboldtstraße 22).jpg|200px]]
| Köln, Humboldstraße 45
| 
|-
| [[Franz Korb]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Verein Lila Winkel: Franz Korb (lilawinkel.at) |url=http://www.lilawinkel.at/korb-franz/ |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106001131/http://www.lilawinkel.at/korb-franz/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| [[Graz]], Baiernstraße 14
| 22 Oktoobar 2020
|-
| [[Matthias Köhli]]
| [[File:Stolperstein.Fennpfuhl.Buggenhagenstraße 31.Matthias Köhli.6104.jpg|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Buggenhagenstraße 31
| 25 Sebtembar 2008
|-
| [[Franz Krakat]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Franz Krakat Sattelstraße 27 Ahlen.nnw.jpg|200px]]
| Ahlen, Sattelstraße_27
| 5 Maarso 2010
|-
| [[Adolf Krämer]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Adolf Krämer, 1, Mainzer Landstraße 606, Griesheim, Frankfurt am Main.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt am Main, Mainzer Landstraße 606
| 20 Mayo 2016
|-
| [[Jakob Krämer]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20161020170444/http://nibelungen-kurier.de/veranstaltungen/erster-stolperstein-fuer-verfolgten-zeugen-jehovas-in-worms/ Erster Stolperstein für verfolgten Zeugen Jehovas in Worms]&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| [[Worms]], Dreihornmühlgasse 4
| 22 Oktoobar 2016
|-
| [[Oscar Krieg]]&lt;ref name=fr&gt;[http://www.fr-online.de/frankfurt/stolpersteine-in-frankfurt-stolpersteine-erinnern-an-zeugen-jehovas,1472798,34255628.html Stolpersteine erinnern an Zeugen Jehovas, Frankfurter Rundschau]&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| Frankfurt am Main, Hedderichstraße
| 19 Mayo 2016
|-
| [[Hermann Kubalski]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ak-kurier.de/akkurier/www/artikel/13078-gegen-das-vergessen---abendspaziergang-zu-den-stolpersteinen Gegen das Vergessen – Abendspaziergang zu den Stolpersteinen, AK-Kurier]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Wissen Felsenweg Hermann Kubalski.jpg|200px]]
| Wissen, Felsenweg
| 28 Janaayo 2011
|-
| [[Paul Kuchenbäcker]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.stolpersteine-berlin.de/de/biografie/3508 Biografie Paul Kuchenbäcker, stolpersteine-berlin.de]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Paul Kuchenbäcker Osloer Straße 7 0105.JPG|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Osloer Straße 7
| 27 Abriil 2012
|-
| [[Otto Kuhrts]]
|[[File:Stolperstein.Friedrichshain.Danneckerstraße 6.Otto Kuhrts.0205.jpg|200px]]
| Berlin, Danneckerstraße 6
| 20 Sebtembar 2013
|-
| [[Annemarie Kusserow]]
|
| [[Bad Lippspringe]], Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Elisabeth Kusserow]]
|
| Bad Lippspringe, Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Franz Kusserow]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://stolpersteine-bad-lippspringe.de/biografie/kusserow/ Biografie Familie Kusserow, stolpersteine-bad-lippspringe.de]&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|Bad Lippspringe, Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Hans-Werner Kusserow]]
|
| Bad Lippspringe, Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Hilda Kusserow]]
|
| Bad Lippspringe, Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Hildegard Kusserow]]
|
| Bad Lippspringe, Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Karl-Heinz Kusserow]]
|
| Bad Lippspringe, Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Magdalena Kusserow]]
|
| Bad Lippspringe, Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Paul-Gerhard Kusserow]]
|
| Bad Lippspringe, Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Siegfried Kusserow]]
|
|Bad Lippspringe, Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Waltraud Kusserow]]
|
|Bad Lippspringe, Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Wilhelm Kusserow]]
|
| Bad Lippspringe, Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Wolfgang Kusserow]]
|
| Bad Lippspringe, Arminiusstrasse 22
| 24 Juun 2020
|-
| [[Otto Laabs]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.stolpersteine-berlin.de/de/biografie/1247 Biografie Otto Laabs, stolpersteine-berlin.de]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Hoeppnerstr 4 (Templ) Otto Laabs.jpg|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Hoeppnerstraße 4
| 11 December 2007
|-
| [[Heinrich Laakmann]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Moers Bonifatiusstraße 47 Laakmann.JPG|200px]]
| [[Moers]], Bonifatiusstraße 47 
| 
|-
| [[Anna Landschneider]]
|
| Kassel, Holländische Straße 55
| 22 Julaay 2016
|-
| [[Heinrich Ferdinand Landschneider]]&lt;ref name=HNA&gt;[https://www.hna.de/kassel/nord-holland-ort304156/stolperstein-kasseler-zeugen-jehovas-heinrich-landschneider-6594126.html Den Hitlergruß verweigerte er - Stolperstein für Kasseler Zeugen Jehovas Heinrich Landschneider; HNA]&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| Kassel, Holländische Straße 55
| 22 Julaay 2016
|-
| [[Heinrich van Loo]]
| [[File:HL-117 Heinrich van Loo (1883).jpg|200px]]
| Lubeck, Morkerkestraße 17
| 25 Abriil 2009
|-
| [[Paula Lubowitzky]]
| [[File:Lubowitzky Paula.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt nad Menem, Loreleistraße 6
| 24 Juun 2017
|-
| [[Heinrich Maass]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Neuer Faulenhoop 23; stolpersteine-luebeck.de |url=https://www.stolpersteine-luebeck.de/n/en/main/location-addresses/neuer-faulenhoop-23.html |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105094824/https://www.stolpersteine-luebeck.de/n/en/main/location-addresses/neuer-faulenhoop-23.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[File:HL-116 Heinrich Maass (1897).jpg|200px]]
| Lubeck, Neuer Faulenhoop 23
| 25 Abriil 2009
|-
| [[Otto Martens]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Otto Martens |url=https://www.kiel.de/de/kiel_zukunft/stadtgeschichte/stolpersteine/stolpersteine/_biografien/martens_otto_stolpersteine.pdf |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105093323/https://www.kiel.de/de/kiel_zukunft/stadtgeschichte/stolpersteine/stolpersteine/_biografien/martens_otto_stolpersteine.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein für Otto Martens (Kronshagen).jpg|200px]]
| [[Kiel]], Kieler Straße 43
| 24 Abriil 2009
|-
| [[Berta Maurer]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Stolpersteine Konstanz, Berta Maurer |url=http://stolpersteine-konstanz.de/index.html?maurer_berta.htm |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126013608/https://stolpersteine-konstanz.de/index.html?maurer_berta.htm |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein maurer konstanz.jpg|200px]]
| [[Konstanz]], Löhrystraße 4
| 22 Mayo 2009
|-
| [[Robert Mäusert]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Robert Mäusert, 1, Im Bahnwinkel 10, Hassel, Gelsenkirchen.jpg|200px]]
| Gelsenkirchen, Im Bahnwinkel 10
| 
|-
| [[Elisabeth Mayer]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Elisabeth Mayer, 1, Fabriciusstraße 11, Griesheim, Frankfurt am Main.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt am Mainz, Fabriciusstrasse 11
| 22 Juun 2019
|-
| [[Rudolf Mazanec]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Mazanec Rudolf Hedwigstr.49 Dinslaken.jpg|200px]]
| [[Dinslaken]], Hedwigstraße 49
| 17 Abriil 2014
|-
| [[Anna Luise Meissner]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Biografische Informationen Anna Luise Meissner |url=http://stolpersteine-konstanz.de/meissner_anna_luise.html |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208083743/https://stolpersteine-konstanz.de/meissner_anna_luise.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:anna-luise-meissner-konstanz.jpg|200px]]
| [[Konstanz]], Badgasse 5
| 22 Mayo 2009
|-
| [[Erich Meyer]]
| [[File:Stolpersteine MG Meyer Erich.jpg|200px]]
| Mönchengladbach, Hermann-Löns-Straße 4
| 18 Mayo 2010
|-
| [[Ernst Meyer]]
| [[File:Stolpersteine MG Meyer Ernst.jpg|200px]]
| Mönchengladbach, Hermann-Löns-Straße 4
| 18 Mayo 2010
|-
| [[Friedrich Meyer]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Friedrich Meyer, 1, Stoltzestraße 20, Innenstadt, Frankfurt am Main.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt am Main, Stoltzerstrasse 20
| Juun 2021
|-
| [[Henriette Meyer]]&lt;ref name = moen&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20180324101544/https://www.moenchengladbach.de/index.php?id=stolpersteine Stolpersteine in Mönchengladbach]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolpersteine MG Meyer Henriette.jpg|200px]]
| Mönchengladbach, Hermann-Löns-Straße 4
| 18 Mayo 2010
|-
| [[Margarethe Meyer]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Margarethe Meyer, 1, Stoltzestraße 20, Innenstadt, Frankfurt am Main.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt am Main, Stoltzerstrasse 20
| Juun 2021
|-
| [[Franz Mittendorfer]]
|
| [[Salzburg]], Landstraße 15
| 22 Ogosto 2007
|-
| [[Johann Moser]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Johann Moser 2.jpg|200px]]
| [[Graz]], Reininghausstraße 50
| 16 Ogusto 2016
|-
| [[Anna Muth]]
|[[File:Stolperst emser bruecke muth anna.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt am Main, Emser Brücke (Emserstraße 16)
| 21 Mayo 2016
|-
| [[Ernst Muth]]
| [[File:Stolperst emser bruecke muth ernst.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt am Main, Emser Brücke (Emserstraße 16)
| 21 Mayo 2016
|-
| [[Adolf Mühlhäuser]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Karlsruhe Mühlhäuser Adolf.jpeg|200px]]
| [[Karlsruhe]], Moningerstraße 4
| 29 Mayo 2009
|-
| [[Paul Müller]]
| [[File:Sassnitz, Weddingstr. 12, Stolperstein Paul Müller.jpg|200px]]
| [[Sassnitz]], Weddingstr. 12
| 17 Sebtembar 2007
|-
| [[Johann Nobis]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Johann Nobis.JPG|200px]]
| Sankt Georgen bei Salzburg, Holzhauser Str. 32
| 19 Julaay 1997
|-
| [[Mathias Nobis|Matthias Nobis]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Matthias Nobis.JPG|200px]]
| Sankt Georgen bei Salzburg, Holzhauser Str. 32
| 19 Julaay 1997
|-
| [[Luise Pakull]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20081203171045/http://www.standhaft.org/forschung/biograph/pakull.html Wer war Luise Pakull?]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Neuss Innenstadt Krefelder Straße 38 Luise Pakull.jpg|200px]]
| [[Neuss]], Krefelder Straße 38
| 
|-
| [[Otto Pawelzik]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.hattingen.de/stadt_hattingen/Bildung%20und%20Kultur/Stadtarchiv/Stadtgeschichte/Stolpersteine/stolperst_pawelzik.pdf Stolperstein Hattingen, Otto Pawelzik]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolpersteine in Hattingen 009 Otto Pawelzik.jpg|200px]]
| [[Hattingen (Nadrenia Północna-Westfalia)|Hattingen]], Am Schewenkamp 58
| 13 December 2005
|-
| [[Johann Pichler]]
|[[File:Salzburg - Langwied - Bachwinkelweg 10 Stolperstein Pichler - 2020 09 21-1.jpg|200px]]
| [[Salzburg]], Bachwinkelweg 10
| 22 Juun 2009
|-
| [[Friederich Poburski]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.stolpersteine-gelsenkirchen.de/stolperstein_friederich_poburski.htm Stolperstein Gelsenkirchen, Friederich Poburski]&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| [[Gelsenkirchen]], Vandalenstraße 14
| 14 Abriil 2011
|-
| [[Justus Pötter]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Justus Pötter.jpg|200px]]
| Kassel, Wahlershäuser Straße 2
| 3 Nofeembar 2013
|-
| [[Wilhelmine Pötter]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Wilhelmine Pötter.jpg|200px]]
| Kassel, Wahlershäuser Straße 2
| 3 Nofeembar 2013
|-
| [[Gerhard Raddatz]]
| [[File:Stolperstein.Rummelsburg.Wönnichstraße 103.Gerhard Raddatz.4413.jpg|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Wönnichstraße 103
| 10 Oktoobar 2011
|-
| [[Anton Rafetseder]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Anton Rafetseder (Salzburg).jpg|200px]]
| [[Salzburg]], Römergasse 17
| 22 Juun 2009
|-
| [[Aloisia Regenfelder]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Verein Lila Winkel: Aloisia Regenfelder (lilawinkel.at) |url=http://www.lilawinkel.at/regenfelder-aloisia-geb-godar/ |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106000949/http://www.lilawinkel.at/regenfelder-aloisia-geb-godar/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein für Aloisia Regenfelder.JPG|200px]]
| [[Graz]], Reininghausstraße 28
| 5 Julaay 2014
|-
| [[Josef Regenfelder]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Verein Lila Winkel: Josef Regenfelder (lilawinkel.at) |url=http://www.lilawinkel.at/regenfelder-josef/ |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106000945/http://www.lilawinkel.at/regenfelder-josef/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein für Josef Regenfelder.JPG|200px]]
| [[Graz]], Reininghausstraße 28
| 5 Julaay 2014
|-
| [[Cäcilia Reiter]]&lt;ref name=reiter&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Verein Lila Winkel: Cäcilia Reiter (lilawinkel.at) |url=http://www.lilawinkel.at/2013/07/?cat=4 |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106000951/http://www.lilawinkel.at/2013/07/?cat=4 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein für Cäcilia Reiter.JPG|200px]]
| [[Graz]], Einödstrasse 1
| 27 Julaay 2013
|-
| [[Ernst Reiter]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Ernst Reiter.JPG|200px]]
| [[Graz]], Einödstrasse 1
| 27 Julaay 2013
|-
| [[Franz Reiter]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Verein Lila Winkel: Franz Reiter (lilawinkel.at) |url=http://www.lilawinkel.at/reiter-franz/ |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106001125/http://www.lilawinkel.at/reiter-franz/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Salzburg, Franz Reiter (Auerspergstraße 48).jpg|200px]]
| [[Salzburg]], Auerspergstraße 48
| 23 Maarso 2012
|-
| [[Rudolf Redlinghofer]]
| [[File:Stolperstein-Redlinghofer.jpg|200px]]
| [[Krems an der Donau]], Spitalgasse 3
| 23 Juun 2009
|-
| [[Otto Reiche]]
| [[File:Stolperstein.Weißensee.Behaimstraße 20.Otto Reiche.6044.jpg|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Behaimstraße 20
| 8 Oktoobar 2011
|-
| [[Robert Reicher]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.chemnitz.de/chemnitz/de/die-stadt-chemnitz/geschichte/stolpersteine/stolpersteine_chemnitz.html Stolpersteine (chemnitz.de)] {{Dead link|date=Bisha Tobnaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| [[Chemnitz]], Zietenstraße 85
| 30 Mayo 2017
|-
| [[Karl Reese]]&lt;ref name=resse&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20171006212028/http://www.bibelforscher.de/index.php?thread%2F11135-christliche-opfer-des-faschismus%2F Harburger Rathaus: Ausstellung zur Verfolgung der &quot;Zeugen Jehovas&quot; im Dritten Reich]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:HH-Langenhorn Karl Reese.jpg|200px]]
| [[Hamburg]]-Langenhorn, Tangstedter Landstraße 158
|
|-
| [[Kurt Richter]]
| [[File:Sassnitz, Weddingstr. 12, Stolperstein Kurt Richter.jpg|200px]]
| [[Sassnitz]], Weddingstr. 12
| 17 Sebtembar 2007
|-

| [[Julius Rinklin]]
| [[File:Heidelberg Julius Rinklin.png|200px]]
| [[Heidelberg]], Landstraße 31
| 15 Nofeembar 2012
|-
| [[Hans Schulze]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Hans Schulze, Saarstrasse 30, Dresden.JPG|200px]]
| Dresden, Saarstraße 30
| 
|-
| [[Franz Saumer]]
| [[File:Moers Stolperstein Elbestraße 9.jpeg|200px]]
| [[Moers]], Elbestraße 9
| 24 Nofeembar 2015
|-
|[[Anna Sax]]
| [[File:Stolpersteine Jehovah's Witnesses.jpg|200px]]
| [[Braunau am Inn]], Linzerstraße 36
| 11 Ogosto 2006
|-
| [[Josef Schöfegger]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Salzburg, Josef Schöfegger (Nonntaler Hauptstraße 120).jpg|200px]]
| [[Salzburg]], Nonntaler Hauptstraße 120
| 22 Julaay 2010
|-
| [[Anna Schaumann]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Biografische Informationen Anna Schaumann |url=http://stolpersteine-konstanz.de/schaumann_anna.html |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2022-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120101301/https://stolpersteine-konstanz.de/schaumann_anna.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:anna-schaumann-konstanz.jpg|200px]]
| [[Konstanz]], Döbelestr. 6
| 12 Julaay 2011
|-
| [[Marie Schättle]]
| [[File:Schaettle-marie-frankfurt-palmgartenstrasse3.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt n. Menem, Palmengartenstraße 3
| 20 Mayo 2016
|-
| [[Christian Schalk]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.haller-kreisblatt.de/lokal/halle/22678925_Stolperstein-fuer-einen-Kuensebecker.html Opfer der NS-Zeit: Stolperstein für einen Künsebecker Zeugen Jehovas]&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| [[Halle (Westf.)]], Künsebecker Hauptstraße
| 28 Janaayo 2020
|-
| [[Horst Schmidt]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Horst Schmidt in Berlin-Wilhelmstadt.jpg|200px]]
| Berlin, Franzstraße 30/36
| 10 Oktoobar 2011
|-
| [[Katharina Schmid]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fr-online.de/frankfurt/stolpersteine-frankfurt-erster-stein-fuer-zeugin-jehovas,1472798,23481876.html ''Erster Stein für Zeugin Jehovas'', Frankfurter Rundschau]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperst paul ehrlich str 40 schmid katharina.jpg|200px]]
| Frankfurt am Main, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 40
| 21 Juun 2013
|-
| [[Christine Schürmann]]
|
| [[Oberhausen]], Kalkstraße 7
| 7 Abriil 2011
|-
| [[Eugen Schwab]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Stolpersteine Konstanz, Eugen Schwab |url=http://stolpersteine-konstanz.de/schwab_eugen.html |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208084912/https://stolpersteine-konstanz.de/schwab_eugen.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stein schwab eugen.jpg|200px]]
| [[Konstanz]], Sierenmoosstraße 12
| 8 Sebtembar 2013
|-
| [[Josef Schwarz]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Josef Schwarz Am Stockpiper 94 Ahlen.nnw.jpg|200px]]
| Ahlen, Am Stockpiper 94
| 3 Mayo 2010
|-
| [[Stanislaus Schwarz]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Stanislaus Schwarz Schachtstraße 10 Ahlen.nnw.jpg|200px]]
| Ahlen, Schachtstraße 10
| 3 Mayo 2010
|-
| [[Walter H. E. Schwendt]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.museenkoeln.de/ns-dokumentationszentrum/pages/1204.aspx?s=1204&amp;stid=1457&amp;vgr=Zeugen%20Jehovas Mussen Koeln, Walter H.E. Schwendt]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolpersteine Köln, Walter H.E. Schwendt (Bamberger Straße 6).jpg|200px]]
| Köln, Bamberger Straße 6
|
|-
| [[August Seelhorst]]&lt;ref name=pr&gt;[https://www.pressreader.com/ Gedenken in Gehweg (pressreader.com)]&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| Frankfurt Oder, Große Müllroser Strasse 54
| 31 Mayo 2017
|-
| [[Regina Seelhorst]]
|
| Frankfurt Oder, Große Müllroser Strasse 54
| 31 Mayo 2017
|-
| [[Josef Seibold]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Ulm Josef Seibold.JPG|200px]]
| Ulm, Kapellengasse 25
|
|-
| [[Johann Seibold]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Ulm Johann Seibold.JPG|200px]]
| Ulm, Kapellengasse 25
|
|-
| [[Konrad Seibold jun.]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Ulm Konrad Seibold jun.JPG|200px]]
| Ulm, Uhrenmachergasse 23
|
|-
| [[Konrad Seibold sen.]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Ulm Konrad Seibold.JPG|200px]]
| Ulm, Uhrenmachergasse 23
|
|-
| [[Alfred Seltmann]]
| [[File:15.8.2018 Stolperstein von Alfred Seltmann Auerbach Vogtl. Liebknechtstr. 1a.JPG|200px]]
| Auerbach/Vogtl., Liebknechtstr. 1a
| 15 Julaay 2013
|-
| [[Adam Sewenig]]
| [[File:Stolperstein in Hannover für Adam Sewenig.jpg|200px]]
| Hanower, Alte Döhrener Straße 27
|  4 December 2012
|-
| [[Otto Reinhold Siegel]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Hardenbergstr 16 (Charl) Otto Reinhold Siegel.jpg|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Hardenbergstraße 16
|
|-
| [[Wilhelm Soulier]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Karlsruhe Soulier Wilhelm.jpeg|200px]]
| [[Karlsruhe]], Kriegsstraße 173
| 19 Maarso 2008
|-
| [[Jonathan Stark]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Stolpersteine Ulm; Jonathan Stark (stolpersteine-fuer-ulm.de) |url=http://stolpersteine-fuer-ulm.de/familie/jonathan-stark/ |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105093323/http://stolpersteine-fuer-ulm.de/familie/jonathan-stark/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolpersteine Ulm Jonathan Stark.jpg|200px]]
| [[Ulm]], Herdbruckerstraße 6
| 
|-
| [[Friedrich (Fritz) Stoffels]]&lt;ref name=&quot;koeln&quot;&gt;[http://www.stadt-koeln.de/politik-und-verwaltung/presse/stolpersteine-fuer-zeugen-jehovas Stolpersteine für Zeugen Jehovas, stadt-koeln.de]&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[File:Stolperstein Köln, Fritz Stoffels (Belvederestraße 147).jpg|200px]]
| [[Köln]], Belvederestr. 147
| 20 Janaayo 2007
|-
| [[Klara Stoffels]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Köln, Klara Stoffels (Belvederestraße 147).jpg|200px]]
| [[Köln]], Belvederestr. 147
| 20 Janaayo 2007
|-
| [[Adolf Strim]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Marbach-Rielingshausen: Stolperstein wird im Juni verlegt |url=https://www.marbacher-zeitung.de/inhalt.marbach-rielingshausen-stolperstein-wird-im-juni-verlegt.42b7fe76-e546-4a1c-a396-a4475b3bb4cf.html |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006222040/https://www.marbacher-zeitung.de/inhalt.marbach-rielingshausen-stolperstein-wird-im-juni-verlegt.42b7fe76-e546-4a1c-a396-a4475b3bb4cf.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Adolf Stirm Rielingshausen 20190911 164718.jpg|200px]]
| Marbach am Neckar, Lange Straße 15
| 29 Juun 2019
|-
| [[Friedrich Thumann]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Friedrich Thumann (Gera).jpg|200px]]
| [[Gera]], Hartmannsdorfer Weg 4
|
|-
| [[Walter Thumann]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Walter Ernst Thumann (Gera).jpg|200px]]
| Gera, Hartmannsdorfer Weg 4
|
|-
| [[Alfred Willi Tilke]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Alfred Willi Tilke, Stolpersteine in Halle |url=http://www.zeit-geschichten.de/th_01_v_13c.htm |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124205907/http://www.zeit-geschichten.de/th_01_v_13c.htm |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Halle Tilke.JPG|200px]]
| [[Halle (Saale)]], Kleine Ulrichstraße 38
|
|-
| [[Notburga Tiefgraber]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Notburga Tiefgraber (Salzburg).jpg|200px]]
| [[Salzburg]], Aigner Straße 10
| 22 Julaay 2010
|-
| [[Johann Trausner]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Verein Lila Winkel: Johann Trausner (lilawinkel.at) |url=http://www.lilawinkel.at/trausner-johann/ |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106001103/http://www.lilawinkel.at/trausner-johann/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein für Johann Trausner.JPG|200px]]
| [[St. Johann im Pongau]], Liechtensteinklammstr. 3
| 15 Julaay 2015
|-
| [[Franz Tschoggl]]
| 
| [[Leoben]], Kerpelystraße 21 
| 19 Oktoobar 2020
|-
| [[Maximilian Tschoggl]]
| 
| [[Leoben]], Kerpelystraße 21 
| 19 Oktoobar 2020
|-
| [[Rudolf Tschoggl]]
| 
| [[Leoben]], Kerpelystraße 21 
| 19 Oktoobar 2020
|-
| [[Heinz Max Wenk]]
| [[File:Stolperstein für Heinz Max Wenk, Chauseehausstrasse 8, Dresden.JPG|200px]]
| Dresden, Chauseehausstraße 8
| 29 Sebtembar 2015
|-
| [[Paul Weseler]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Paul Weseler.jpg|200px]]
| [[Mülheim an der Ruhr]],&lt;br /&gt;Prinzeß-Luise-Straße 100
|
|-
| [[Reinhold Wilczek]]
| [[File:Sassnitz, Weddingstr. 12, Stolperstein Reinhold Wilczek.jpg|200px]]
| [[Sassnitz]], Weddingstr. 12
| 17 Sebtembar 2007
|-
| [[Robert Winkler]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Winkler, Robert Arthur.jpg|200px]]
| [[Bonn]], Endenischer Straße 5
| 4 Febraayo 2019
|-
| [[Hermann August Wollschläger]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Halle Wollschläger.JPG|200px]]
| [[Halle (Saale)]], Schlosserstraße 29
|
|-
| [[Anna Wegscheider]]
|
| [[Salzburg]], Landstraße 15
|  22 Ogosto 2007
|-
| [[Josef Wegscheider]]
|
| [[Salzburg]], Landstraße 15
| 22 Ogosto 2007
|-
| [[Eduard Wohinz]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Lila Winkel: Eduard Wohinz (lilawinkel.at) |url=http://www.lilawinkel.at/wohinz-eduard/ |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2021-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106000947/http://www.lilawinkel.at/wohinz-eduard/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein für Eduard Wohinz (Graz).jpg|200px]]
| [[Graz]], Weissenkircherstrasse 35
| 27 Sebtembar 2017
|-
| [[Hans Christian Carl Wulff]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.spurensuche-kreis-pinneberg.de/stolperstein-hans-christian-carl-wulff/ Stolperstein Hans Christian Carl Wulff]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[File:Stolperstein Hans Christian Carl Wulff.png|200px]]
| [[Elmshorn]], Königstraße 51
|
|-
| [[Adolf Zanker]]
|
| [[Gruibingen]], Hauptstraße 18
| 29 Maarso 2016
|-
| [[Berta Zanker]]
| 
| Gruibingen, Hauptstraße 18
| 29 Maarso 2016
|-
| [[Emmy Zehden]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Emmy Zehden in Berlin-Wilhelmstadt.jpg|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Franzstraße 30/36
| 10 Oktoobar 2011
|-
| [[Richard Zehden]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Richard Zehden in Berlin-Wilhelmstadt.jpg|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Franzstraße 30/36
| 10 Oktoobar 2011
|-
| [[Anna Zellman]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Hansastr 17 (Gesbr) Anna Zellmann.jpg|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Hansastraße 17
| 
|-
| [[Emil Zellman]]
| [[File:Stolperstein Hansastr 17 (Gesbr) Emil J Zellmann.jpg|200px]]
| [[Berlin]], Hansastraße 17
| 
|}

[[category:Diin]]
[[Category:Taariikh]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Johann Nobis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="586" sha1="kmtter4eojvd7tm3qnpman688svlkzz" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Stolperstein für Johann Nobis.JPG|thumb|200px|[[Stolperstein]] - Johann Nobis]]
[[Johann Nobis]] (16 Abriil [[1899]] ee Sankt Georgen bei Salzburg oo u dhow Salzburg, 6 Janaayo [[1940]] ee [[Berlin]]) - dhibbanaha Hantiwadaaga Qaranka, oo qoorta laga gooyay diidmada adeegga milatariga. [https://www.jw.org/so/ Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah].

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20241225103108/https://wol.jw.org/so/wol/d/r182/lp-so/502013257 Maxaynan Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah Dagaal uga Qaybqaadan?]


* [[Saddex -xagalka violet]]
* [[Stolperstein]]
* [[Mathias Nobis]]

[[category:Diin]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Hermann Abke</title>
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      <text bytes="1790" sha1="g5hoddpyivu2dcd05cd41bloxmin2a5" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Stolperstein Herford Hardenbergstraße 7 Hermann Abke.JPG|thumb|240px|Hermann Abke - [[Stolperstein]]]]
[[Hermann Abke]] ([[1903]] - [[1944]]) waxa uu noloshiisii shaqo ka bilaabay shaqaale aan xirfad u lahayn warshado kala duwan, ka hor inta aanu u tababarin leexashada. Waxa uu markii ugu horreysay la soo xidhiidhay runta [[Kitaabka quduska|Kitaabka Quduuska]] ah ee [https://www.jw.org/so/ Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah] badhtamihii [[1920]]-meeyadii, wuxuuna sii waday caqiidadiisa ka dib markii Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah laga mamnuucay - dawladdii [[Adolf Hitler]] - oo dhan [[Jarmalka]] bishii Abriil [[1935]]. [[1939]] wuxuu guursaday gabadh guriga ka shaqayn jirtay oo lagu magacaabo Mariechen Nissen; Lamaanuhu waxay lahaayeen laba hablood iyo wiil. Markii Hermann Abke loo qoray Wehrmacht bishii Abriil 1944, wuxuu ku dhawaaqay inuusan qaban karin adeeg ciidan sababo diimeed, wuxuuna diiday inuu ku dhaarto Hitler. Waxaa la dhigay xabsiga Fort Zinna Wehrmacht ee Torgau waxaana xukun dil ah ku riday senate-ka 1aad ee Maxkamadda Ciidamada Qalabka sida ee Reich Juun 1944. Hermann Abke waxaa lagu dilay Halle an der Saale 17 Julaay 1944.


* [https://web.archive.org/web/20241225103108/https://wol.jw.org/so/wol/d/r182/lp-so/502013257 Maxaynan Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah Dagaal uga Qaybqaadan?]

* [https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/hermann-abke/?no_cache=1 HERMANN ABKE] {{Wayback|url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/hermann-abke/?no_cache=1 |date=20211106065448 }}

* [https://www.jw.org/en/news/releases/by-region/germany/stand-firm-video-clip/ Excerpt: Jehovah’s Witnesses Stand Firm Against Nazi Assault]

* [[Saddex -xagalka violet]]
* [[Stolperstein]]

[[category:Diin]]</text>
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    <title>Taxanaha telefishanka Turkiga</title>
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      <text bytes="11416" sha1="17mtzzvkq60sg6zvzlbmy6bwqzrn8ww" xml:space="preserve">'''Taxanaha telefishanka Turkiga''' sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''dizi''' ama '''Turkish dizi''' ({{lang-tr|televizyon dizileri}}) aad ayuu u koray ilaa 2000-meeyadii.  Taxanaha badankoodu waxay ka tarjumayaan dhaqanka Turkiga waana dhoofinta dhaqalaha iyo dhaqanka ee dalka ugu caansan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jenna Krajeski&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Jenna Krajeski|url=http://pulitzercenter.org/reporting/turkey-diyarbakir-kurdish-roles-soap-opera-politics-ayrilik-olmasaydi|title=Turkey: Soap Operas and Politics|publisher=Pulitzer Center|access-date=2013-01-15|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117025311/http://pulitzercenter.org/reporting/turkey-diyarbakir-kurdish-roles-soap-opera-politics-ayrilik-olmasaydi|archive-date=2013-01-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;The International&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Moore|first=Robbie|title=Soap Opera Diplomacy: Turkish TV in Greece|url=http://www.theinternational.org/articles/339-soap-opera-diplomacy-turkish-tv-in-greec|work=The International|access-date=13 February 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130215073839/http://www.theinternational.org/articles/339-soap-opera-diplomacy-turkish-tv-in-greec|archive-date=15 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Turkiga ayaa ah dalka ugu kobaca badan caalamka ee soo saara taxanayaasha talefishinada,waxana uu wakhtigan kala wareegay [[Meksiko]] iyo [[Barasiil]] oo ah dalka labaad ee ugu dhoofinta badan caalamka marka laga reebo Maraykanka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jenna Krajeski&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;The International&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.thenational.ae/news/world/middle-east/turkey-has-a-star-role-in-more-than-just-tv-drama|title=Turkey has a star role in more than just TV drama|date=2012-02-08|publisher=The National|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927181852/http://www.thenational.ae/news/world/middle-east/turkey-has-a-star-role-in-more-than-just-tv-drama|archive-date=2015-09-27|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Warshadaha telefishinka ayaa gacan ka geystay kordhinta caannimada Turkiga ee [[Aasiya]], [[Yurub]], [[Laatiin Ameerika]], [[Waqooyiga Afrika]] iyo [[Bariga Afrika]] .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Television series enhances Turkey's popularity in Arab world|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/indepth/2011-04/09/c_13820858.htm|publisher=Xinhua|date=2011-04-09|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110412093434/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/indepth/2011-04/09/c_13820858.htm|archive-date=2011-04-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dailysabah.com/feature/2016/02/03/the-success-story-of-turkish-tv-series-in-latin-america|title=The success story of Turkish TV series in Latin America|website=dailysabah.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505021557/http://www.dailysabah.com/feature/2016/02/03/the-success-story-of-turkish-tv-series-in-latin-america|archive-date=2016-05-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Taxanaha Turkiga waxaa inta badan lagu soo saaraa Istanbul, iyadoo shirkadaha telefishinku ay doortaan inay halkaas degaan ka dib mowjadda xoraynta ee telefishinada gaarka loo leeyahay 1990-meeyadii.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Paris|first=Julien|title=A Geographical Approach Of Creative Industries: The Case Of Tv Production In Istanbul|url=http://f.hypotheses.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/394/files/2011/12/Julien-Paris-Abstract-for-ISTANBUL.-CITY-PORTRAIT.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113023520/http://f.hypotheses.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/394/files/2011/12/Julien-Paris-Abstract-for-ISTANBUL.-CITY-PORTRAIT.pdf|archive-date=2013-11-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Telefishinada Turkiga ee soo saara taxane waxaa ka mid ah [[Idaacadda iyo Telefishinka Turkiga|TRT]], [[Kanal D]], [[Show TV]], [[Star TV]], [[ATV]], [[Fox]], [[TV8]], iyo [[Kanal 7]].&lt;ref name=&quot;htssc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Turkish 'TV series spring' continues|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-tv-series-spring-continues.aspx?pageID=238&amp;nid=32562|publisher=Hürriyet Daily News|date=2012-10-17|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924135007/http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-tv-series-spring-continues.aspx?pageID=238&amp;nid=32562|archive-date=2015-09-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Suuqa taxanaha telefishinada Turkiga waxaa lagu asteeyay tartan maxalli ah oo adag: 60-ka taxane ee dalka laga soo saaro sanad walba, ku dhawaad ​​50% ma ordaan wax ka badan 13 qaybood sababtoo ah tartanka xoogan ee ka dhex jira kanaalada kala duwan ee maxaliga ah, taasoo keentay in sare loo qaado. tayada iyo caannimada wax soo saarka muddada dheer.&lt;ref name=&quot;ttvmn&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=The Heyday of Turkish Content|url=http://www.ttvmedianews.com/scripts/templates/estilo_nota.asp?nota=eng%2FDistribuci%F3n%2FMercados%2F2012%2F10_Octubre%2F15_turquia_mipcom|archive-url=https://archive.is/20130216224655/http://www.ttvmedianews.com/scripts/templates/estilo_nota.asp?nota=eng/Distribuci%F3n/Mercados/2012/10_Octubre/15_turquia_mipcom|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-02-16|publisher=ttvMediaNews|date=2012-10-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;

''Çalıkuşu'' wuxuu ahaa taxanihii ugu horreeyay ee Turki ah oo caalami ahaan loo dhoofiyo 1986-kii oo loo dhoofiyo Midowga Soofiyeeti.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://trend.mynet.com/2000li-yillara-damga-vurmus-20-efsane-yerli-dizi-1056319|title=2000li Yıllara Damga Vurmuş 20 Efsane Yerli Dizi|first=Erol|last=Egemen|website=mynet.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601161251/http://trend.mynet.com/2000li-yillara-damga-vurmus-20-efsane-yerli-dizi-1056319|archive-date=2016-06-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.kanald.ro/erkan-petekkaya-tuba-buyukustun-kenan-imirzalioglu-cansu-dere-creatorii-propriului-miracol-iata-cum-au-stralucit-indragitii-actori-turci-pe-covorul-rosu-al-galei-altin-kelebek-17460741|title=Erkan Petekkaya, Tuba Buyukustun, Kenan Imirzalioglu, Cansu Dere, creatorii propriului miracol! Iata cum au stralucit indragitii actori turci, pe covorul rosu al Galei &quot;Altin Kelebek&quot;!|website=kanald.ro|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171212112225/http://www.kanald.ro/erkan-petekkaya-tuba-buyukustun-kenan-imirzalioglu-cansu-dere-creatorii-propriului-miracol-iata-cum-au-stralucit-indragitii-actori-turci-pe-covorul-rosu-al-galei-altin-kelebek-17460741|archive-date=2017-12-12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Taxanaha Turkiga had iyo jeer waxaa lagu heli karaa luqado kala duwan, lagu naqdiyay ama hoos loogu dhigay si loo waafajiyo luqadda dalka lala beegsaday.  Guusha taxanaha Turkiga ayaa sidoo kale kor u qaaday dalxiiska, maadaama booqdayaashu ay aad u jecel yihiin inay arkaan goobaha loo isticmaalo taxanaha ay jecel yihiin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/fast_track/9776435.stm|title=Fast Track - Desperate soap star for a day|work=BBC News|date=2012-12-21|access-date=2013-01-15|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117194441/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/fast_track/9776435.stm|archive-date=2013-01-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Talefishinnada laga sii daayo ka sokow, musalsalka Turkiga waxa daba socda taageereyaal si sharci ah oo internet-ka ah oo afaf badan oo kala duwan ku hadlaya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://kino.mail.ru/series/selection/3069_ne_velikolepnii_vek_sovremennie_seriali_drami_iz_turtsii/|title=Без &quot;Великолепного века&quot;: современные сериалы-драмы из Турции|date=April 3, 2021|website=Кино Mail.ru|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 12, 2021|archive-date=Bisha Koobaad 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127170955/https://kino.mail.ru/series/selection/3069_ne_velikolepnii_vek_sovremennie_seriali_drami_iz_turtsii/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://turkish123.org/m1/|title=Turkish123 &amp;#124; Watch Turkish Series (English Subtitles)|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=2021-11-12|archive-date=2021-09-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918203023/https://turkish123.org/m1/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://digitalcruch.com/turkish-series-english-subtitles/|title=10 Best Sites To Watch Turkish Series With English Subtitles|date=January 13, 2021|website=DigitalCruch}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wax soo saar ==
[[File:Beren_Saat_17.4.15.jpg|thumb|[[Beren Saat]] waa atariisho caan ah, waxay caan ku tahay taxanaha ''[[Aşk-ı Memnu]]'' iyo ''[[Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?]]'']]
[[File:AKALAY.jpg|thumb|[[Birce Akalay]] waa atariisho caan ku tahay [[Siyah Beyaz Aşk|''Siyah Beyaz Aşk'']]]]
[[File:Tuba_Büyüküstün.jpg|thumb|[[Tuba Büyüküstün]] waxay caan ku tahay ''[[Brave and Beautiful]]'' and ''[[Rise of Empires: Ottoman]]'']]
Maanta, xilli celceliska taxanaha Turkiga waa ku dhawaad ​​​​35-40 qaybood.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tr/Documents/technology-media-telecommunications/tr-web-tv-series-sector-in-turkey.pdf|title=Archived copy|access-date=2016-09-02|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321172631/https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tr/Documents/technology-media-telecommunications/tr-web-tv-series-sector-in-turkey.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhacdooyin cusub ayaa la duubaa 6 maalmood usbuucii si ay ula socdaan jadwalka wax soo saarka ee baahida badan, shaqaaluhuna waxay shaqayn karaan ilaa 18 saacadood maalintii.&lt;ref name=&quot;middleeasteye.net&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/in-depth/features/turkish-tv-series-surge-popularity-worldwide-127494716#.dpuf|title=Turkish dramas conquer the world|website=middleeasteye.net|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417125614/http://www.middleeasteye.net/in-depth/features/turkish-tv-series-surge-popularity-worldwide-127494716#.dpuf|archive-date=2016-04-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhacdo kasta oo ka mid ah taxanaha caanka ah ee Turkiga maanta waa inta u dhaxaysa 120 iyo 150 daqiiqo (marka laga reebo xayaysiisyada), taas oo aad uga dheer dhacdada caadiga ah ee taxanaha Ameerika ama Galbeedka Yurub, kaas oo celcelis ahaan u dhexeeya 30 ilaa 60 daqiiqo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jenna Krajeski&quot; /&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka lagu muujiyo Balkans iyo koonfurta bari ee Yurub, qaybaha taxanaha Turkiga ayaa inta badan loo qaybiyaa qaybo gaaban, oo aan ka badnayn 60 daqiiqo.

== Ee Bariga Afrika ==

=== Geeska afrika ===
Taxanaha Turkiga ayaa caan ku ah [[Itoobiya]], kana baxa [[Kana TV]] halkaas oo loogu magac daray [[Amxaari|Amxaariga]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Ethiopia takes delight in watching Turkish Soap Opera|url=https://www.nazret.com/2016/11/13/ethiopia-takes-delight-in-watching-turkish-soap-opera/|access-date=28 July 2019|work=Nazret|date=November 13, 2016|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=21 Bisha Shanaad 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170521122255/http://www.nazret.com/2016/11/13/ethiopia-takes-delight-in-watching-turkish-soap-opera/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Taxanaha Turkiga ayaa sidoo kale waxaa daawata dad badan oo Soomaaliya ku nool oo loo hadla afka Soomaaliga oo aad u jecel dhalinyarada iyo qoysaska. Channel-yada sida [[Asal24|Asal24 TV]] iyo [[Astaan ​​TV]] ayaa caan ku ah soo saarista taxana Turkiga oo tayo sare leh. [[Taxanaha telefishanka Hindiya|Taxanaha Talefishinada Hindiya]] kadib, taxanaha Turkiga ayaa ah kuwa ugu shacbiyada iyo daawashada badan TV-yada Soomaaliya.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2018/2/20/yesilcam-overtakes-hollywood-and-bollywood-in-somalia &quot;Yesilcam overtakes Hollywood and Bollywood in Somalia&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tix ==


&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Taxanaha telefishanka]]</text>
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    <title>Amaal Nuux</title>
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      <text bytes="3995" sha1="oux0x2jrdqt7tem5uenjfeoc5uwgqv6" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Amaal Nuux|birth_place=[[Muqdisho]], Soomaaliya|image=Amaalnuuxhn.jpg|occupation=Fannaanad|ethnicity=Soomaaliya|citizenship={{Hlist|Soomaaliya|Kanada|}}|education=[[Jaamacadda Toronto]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1990|05|26|}}|years active=2012—hada}}
'''Amaal Nuux''' (dhashay Maajo 26, [[1990]]) waa fannaanad [[Soomaali]]-Kanadian ah iyo shakhsiyad baraha bulshada.

== Nolo iyo shaqo ==
Amaal Nuux waxa ay ku dhalatay Muqdisho, iyada oo da’ yar, waxa ay ka tagtay Soomaaliya oo ay timid Kanada, kuna soo barbaartay Toronto. Nuux waxa kale oo uu Kanada wax ku bartay Jaamacadda Toronto. 

Nuux waxa uu bilaabay dariiq mihnad faneed madax banaan oo uu ku soo galay warshadaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://flaunt.com/content/qampa-amaal-nuux Q&amp;A |Amaal Nuux - Flaunt Magazine] {{Wayback|url=https://flaunt.com/content/qampa-amaal-nuux |date=20211117231234 }}.&lt;/ref&gt; Markii ay da'deedu ahayd 20 jir, Nuux waxa ay bilawday in ay sii deyso muusigga YouTube-ka oo ay kasbato aragtiyo cajiib ah, waxa ay ku luuqaysay heeso ay ka mid yihiin &quot;[[Mufasa]],&quot; &quot;With You&quot; iyo &quot;Words Revealed.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/music/2019/07/19/torontos-somali-muslim-rb-singer-amaal-on-embracing-songs-about-sexuality-and-intimacy.html &quot;Toronto’s Somali Muslim R&amp;B singer Amaal on embracing songs about ‘sexuality and intimacy’&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;

=== ''Black Dove'', ''Prologue Mixtape'' iyo ''Milly'' ===
[[Ciyaar la dheereeyey|EP]]-ka Nuux, ''[[Black Dove]]'',&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/amaal-debut-project-black-dove-8520256 Amaal Wages a Still Rebellion With Debut Project 'Black Dove']. ''[[Billboard]]''.&lt;/ref&gt; waxaa sii daayay Universal Music Canada ee 12 Luulyo [[2019]]. Waxaa si fiican u soo dhaweeyay dadka dhaleeceeya. [[Abaalmarinta Juno]], ''Black Dove'' waxaa loo magacaabay &quot;R&amp;B / Soul Duubista Sanadka&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[https://hiphopcanada.com/amaal-black-dove-ep-later/amp/ Black Dove: Rising artist Amaal releases debut project] {{Wayback|url=https://hiphopcanada.com/amaal-black-dove-ep-later/amp/ |date=20211117231236 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://everythingisnoise.net/reviews/amaal-black-dove/ Amaal - &quot;Black Dove&quot; - Everything Is Noise].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/amaal-issues-debut-black-dove-ep-and-plants-her-stake-in-the-ground-new-mixtape.119330.html?_amp {{Wayback|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/amaal-issues-debut-black-dove-ep-and-plants-her-stake-in-the-ground-new-mixtape.119330.html?_amp |date=20211117231233 }}&lt;nowiki/&gt;/&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay sido kale soo daaysay ''[[Prologue Mixtape]]''.

Ee Oktoobar 28, [[2021]], EP-ka Nuux, ''[[Milly]]'', waxaa sii daayay Warner Music Canada.&lt;ref&gt;[https://amp.www.complex.com/music/amaal-releases-new-ep-milly Amaal Reveals Her Truest Self on Sophomore EP 'Milly'] {{Wayback|url=https://amp.www.complex.com/music/amaal-releases-new-ep-milly |date=20211118121854 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Farshaxan ==
Nuux waa fanaanad R&amp;B/&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://coveteur.com/amaal-nuux-talks-new-ep-black-dove/particle-1 Amaal Nuux Is the Toronto R&amp;B Artist You Need to Know].&lt;/ref&gt; Soul iyo Pop, nooca ​​fanka ah ayaan inta badan Soomaaliya caan ka ahayn fannaaniinta maadaama ay jecel yihiin [[Fanka Soomaalida|muusiga Soomaaliga]], sidaas darteed, Nuux waxa ay ka mid tahay fannaaniinta Soomaaliyeed oo R&amp;B ee ay caanka ku tahay. Codka Nuux ayaa lagu tilmaamay mid si fiican loo hagaajiyay. Qaar ka mid ah fikradeeda heesaheeda waxay inta badan diiradda saaraan bulshada iyo qaxoontinimada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.passerbuys.com/profiles/amaal-nuux Life in 10 Tracks with Amaal Nuux - Passerbuys] {{Wayback|url=http://www.passerbuys.com/profiles/amaal-nuux |date=20211117231235 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Saamayn ==
Nuux waxaa dhiiri galiyay fanaaniinta sida [[Nina Simone]], [[Adele]], [[Lauryn Hill]], [[Céline Dion]] iyo [[K'naan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Tix ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Fanaaniinta Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]
[[Category:Fanaaniinta dumrka Soomaaliyeed]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abaalmarinta Golden Disc</title>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="2203" sha1="sk4hh1cbvrt3fvozdqvliohnftb8rdq" xml:space="preserve">{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}{{Infobox award|name=Abaalmarinta Golden Disc|current_awards=|image=|imagesize=|caption=|awarded_for=&quot;Guulaha cajiibka ah ee warshadaha [[K-pop]]&quot;|presenter={{flatlist}}
*[[Ilgan Sports]]
*[[JTBC]] Plus|country=[[Koonfur Kuuriya]]|location=|year=1986|year2=|holder=|network=[[JTBC]], JTBC 2, JTBC 4 (Koonfur Kuuriya)&lt;br /&gt;[[V Live]] (Adduunka oo dhan)|website=[http://goldendisc.co.kr/ Golden Disc Awards]|former name={{plainlist|Korea Visual and Records Grand Prize Award &lt;small&gt;(1986–2000)&lt;/small&gt;
*Golden Disk Awards &lt;small&gt;(2001–14)&lt;/small&gt;}}}}'''Abaalmarinta Golden Disc''' ({{ko-hhrm||hangul=골든 디스크 시상식|hanja=|mr=|rr=}},  oo hore loo higgaadiyay '''Abaalmarinta Golden Disk''' ka hor 2015) waa xaflad abaal-marin muusik ah oo sannadle ah oo Koonfur Kuuriya ah oo lagu sharfayo guulaha laga gaaray warshadaha muusiga maxalliga ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3043241|title=BTS and IU cap off ‘unbelievable’ year: Exo, Wanna One and more were big winners at the 32nd Golden Disc Awards|last=Jin|first=Min-ji|date=2018-01-13|website=Korea JoongAng Daily|access-date=2018-02-20|archive-date=12 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112160921/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3043241|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Xafladda abaal-marinnada ayaa la aasaasay iyada oo ujeeddadeedu tahay in kor loo qaado hal-abuurka dhaqanka caanka ah, daahfurka fannaaniinta cusub,iyo ka qayb-qaadashada kobaca mihnadda muusigga. Xafladii ugu horeysay ayaa la qabtay sanadkii 1986 waxaana loo aqoonsaday mid ka mid ah abaal marinta muusiga ee ugu caansan Koonfur Kuuriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Ahn|first1=Jin-yong|title=35회 골든디스크 어워즈, 내년 1월 9일 10일 개최|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=021&amp;aid=0002451941|website=Munhwa Ilbo|publisher=Naver|date=December 4, 2020|access-date=December 7, 2020|language=ko|archive-date=31 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210131232825/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=021&amp;aid=0002451941|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tix ==


&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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    <title>TikTok</title>
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      <text bytes="7124" sha1="5wyiv8x3fvhl9o32aj50vpgq3o49b0l" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox software|title=TikTok&lt;br&gt;Douyin {{nobold|{{lang|zh|抖音}}}}|name=TikTok|logo=Tiktok logo text.svg|screenshot=|screenshot size=|caption=|developer=[[ByteDance]]|released={{Start date and age|df=yes|2016|9}}|discontinued=Maya|latest release version=21.6.5|latest release date={{Start date|2021|10|18|}}|operating system=[[iOS]], [[Android]]|size=|language=|language count=40|language footnote=|genre=[[Adeegga wadaagga fiidiyowga|Wadaagga fiidiyowga]]|license=|website={{URL|https://www.tiktok.com|tiktok.com}}&lt;br /&gt;{{URL|https://www.douyin.com|douyin.com}}}}{{Infobox Chinese|title=Douyin|c=抖音|p=Dǒuyīn|mi={{IPAc-cmn|d|ou|3|.|yin|1}}|l=&quot;Vibrating sound&quot;}}
TikTok, oo Shiinaha looga yaqaan Douyin (Shiinaha: 抖音; pinyin: ''Dǒuyīn''){{Lang-zh|s=抖音|p=Dǒuyīn}}), waa adeega xidhiidhka bulshada ee ku wajahan muqaal ay leedahay shirkad Shiinees ah [[ByteDance]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Isaac|first=Mike|date=2020-10-08|title=U.S. Appeals Injunction Against TikTok Ban|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/08/technology/us-appeals-injunction-against-tiktok-ban.html|access-date=2020-10-12|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=7 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207164452/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/08/technology/us-appeals-injunction-against-tiktok-ban.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay martigelisaa muuqaalo adeegsad oo kala duwan oo qaab-gaaban ah, oo ka socda noocyada sida qoob ka ciyaarka, majaajilada, iyo waxbarashada, oo leh muddo 15 ilbiriqsi ilaa saddex daqiiqo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://slate.com/technology/2018/09/tiktok-app-musically-guide.html|title=A Guide to TikTok for Anyone Who Isn't a Teen|last=Schwedel|first=Heather|date=4 September 2018|website=Slate Magazine|access-date=18 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321115418/https://slate.com/technology/2018/09/tiktok-app-musically-guide.html|archive-date=21 March 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Al-Heeti|first1=Abrar|title=TikTok is reportedly experimenting with 3-minute videos|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/tiktok-is-reportedly-experimenting-with-longer-three-minute-videos/|access-date=15 December 2020|publisher=CNET|date=2020-12-02|archive-date=7 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207190353/https://www.cnet.com/news/tiktok-is-reportedly-experimenting-with-longer-three-minute-videos/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;3 Minutes&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Kastrenakes|first=Jacob|title=TikTok is rolling out longer videos to everyone|url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/7/1/22558856/tiktok-videos-three-minutes-length|access-date=1 July 2021|publisher=The Verge|date=1 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; TikTok waa nooc caalami ah oo Douyin ah, kaas oo markii hore lagu sii daayay suuqa Shiinaha Sebtember 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=TikTok, WeChat and the growing digital divide between the US and China|url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2020/09/22/tiktok-wechat-and-the-growing-digital-divide-between-the-u-s-and-china/|access-date=2020-10-12|website=TechCrunch|archive-date=11 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111194424/https://techcrunch.com/2020/09/22/tiktok-wechat-and-the-growing-digital-divide-between-the-u-s-and-china/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  TikTok waxaa la bilaabay 2017 IOS iyo Android inta badan suuqyada ka baxsan dhul weynaha Shiinaha; si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa ay noqotay mid la heli karo aduunka oo dhan ka dib markii ay ku biirtay adeeg kale oo warbaahinta bulshada Shiinaha, [[Musical.ly]], 2 Agosto 2018.

TikTok iyo Douyin waxay leeyihiin ku dhawaad ​​isticmaale isku mid ah laakiin ma galaan midba midka kale waxa ku jira. Server-koodu mid walbaa wuxuu ku salaysan yahay suuqa uu app-ka ka jiro.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/ryanhatesthis/forget-the-trade-war-tiktok-is-chinas-most-important-export|title=Forget The Trade War. TikTok Is China's Most Important Export Right Now.|date=16 May 2019|work=BuzzFeed News|access-date=24 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524023340/https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/ryanhatesthis/forget-the-trade-war-tiktok-is-chinas-most-important-export|archive-date=24 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Tan iyo markii la bilaabay 2016, TikTok/Douyin waxay si degdeg ah caan uga noqotay [[Bariga Aasiya]], [[KoonfurAasiya|Koonfurta Aasiya]], [[Koonfur-bari Aasiya]], [[Gobolada Isku Tegay ee Ameerika|Mareykanka]], [[Turkiga]], [[Ruushka]], iyo qaybaha kale ee adduunka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=50 TikTok Stats That Will Blow Your Mind [Updated 2020]|url=https://influencermarketinghub.com/tiktok-stats/|website=Influencer Marketing Hub|date=11 January 2019|access-date=27 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604073536/https://influencermarketinghub.com/tiktok-stats/|archive-date=4 June 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=RouteBot|title=Top 10 Countries with the Largest Number of TikTok Users|url=https://www.brandsynario.com/tik-tok-download/|website=routenote.com|access-date=27 May 2020|date=21 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220043546/https://www.brandsynario.com/tik-tok-download/|archive-date=20 December 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laga soo bilaabo Oktoobar 2020, TikTok ayaa dhaaftay in ka badan 2 bilyan oo la soo dejiyo mobilada adduunka oo dhan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Carman|first=Ashley|date=2020-04-29|title=TikTok reaches 2 billion downloads|url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/4/29/21241788/tiktok-app-download-numbers-update-2-billion-users|access-date=2020-10-12|website=The Verge|archive-date=29 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729003408/https://www.theverge.com/2020/4/29/21241788/tiktok-app-download-numbers-update-2-billion-users|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2020年春季报告：抖音用户规模达5.18亿人次，女性用户占比57%|url=https://games.sina.cn/cyfw/cyxw/2020-04-22/detail-iirczymi7765035.d.html|language=zh|access-date=6 August 2020|archive-date=22 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200822023650/https://games.sina.cn/cyfw/cyxw/2020-04-22/detail-iirczymi7765035.d.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Ahmad|first=Asif Shahzad, Jibran|date=2021-03-11|title=Pakistan to block social media app TikTok over 'indecency' complaint|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-pakistan-socialmedia-tiktok-idUSKBN2B329C|access-date=2021-03-11|archive-date=12 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210312045423/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-pakistan-socialmedia-tiktok-idUSKBN2B329C|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Morning Consult]] waxay TikTok ku qiimeysay inay tahay astaanta saddexaad ee ugu kobaca badan ee 2020, ka dib kaliya [[Zoom]] and [[Peacock]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Fastest Growing Brands of 2020|url=https://morningconsult.com/fastest-growing-brands-2020/|access-date=2021-02-07|website=Morning Consult|archive-date=27 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127083659/https://morningconsult.com/fastest-growing-brands-2020/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tix ==
[[yue: 抖音]]
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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    <title>Lee Jung-jae</title>
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      <text bytes="1924" sha1="a993w5c2nx7hi53o40u9swf9pmp7bfr" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Lee Jung-jae|image=210305 이정재.jpg|caption=Lee ee Maarso [[2021]]|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1972|12|15}}|birth_place=[[Seoul]], Koonfur Kuuriya|nationality=|occupation={{hlist|Atoore|moodel}}|education=|agent={{hlist|[[C-JeS Entertainment]]|Artist Company}}|years_active=1993–hada|module={{Infobox Korean name|child=yes|color=transparent
 | hangul       = {{linktext|이|정|재}}
| hanja         = {{linktext|李|政|宰}}
 | rr           = I Jeong-jae	
 | mr           = Yi Chŏngjae 
}}}}'''Lee Jung-jae''' ({{Korean|이정재}}; dhashay Diseembar 15, [[1972]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Lee Jung-jae official portfolio|url=http://www.artistcompany.co.kr/portfolio-item/lee-jung-jae/|url-status=dead|access-date=October 13, 2021|website=Artist Company|language=ko|archive-date=October 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004222102/http://www.artistcompany.co.kr/portfolio-item/lee-jung-jae/}}&lt;/ref&gt; waa [[atoore]] reer Koonfur Kuuriya ah iyo moodel hore. Wuxuu kasbaday dareenka adduunka oo dhan doorkiisa Seong Gi-hun ee taxanaha [[Netflix]] ''[[Squid Game]]''.

== Nolol ==
Bishii Janaayo 2015, Lee wuxuu xaqiijiyay inuu shukaansanayay Im Se-ryung.&lt;ref&gt;[https://kbizoom.com/squid-game-lee-jung-jae-shares-his-thoughts-about-marrying-im-se-ryung/ &quot; 'Squid Game' Lee Jung-jae shares his thoughts about marrying Im Se-ryung after 7 years of dating on JTBC's 'Newsroom' &quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://kbizoom.com/squid-game-lee-jung-jae-shares-his-thoughts-about-marrying-im-se-ryung/ |date=20211105002803 }} ''KBIZoom.''&lt;/ref&gt; Lee wuxuu hore u shukaansaday [[Kim Min-hee]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.hancinema.net/actress-kim-min-hee-enjoys-limelight-again-5510.html &quot;Actress Kim Min-hee enjoys limelight again @ HanCinema&quot;]. www.hancinema.net.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tix ==

[[Category:Atooreayasha filimada Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Atooreayasha telefishanka Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Doja Cat</title>
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      <text bytes="3804" sha1="oh19749hmzc4ll6ok6blk5412niwpah" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist|name=Doja Cat|image=Doja Cat Planet Her Day Party 2 (cropped).jpg|caption=Doja Cat ee 2021|birth_name=Amala Ratna Zandile Dlamini|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1995|10|21}}|birth_place=[[Los Angeles]], [[Kalifornia]]|years_active=2012–hada|occupation=|genre=|label={{hlist|[[RCA Records|RCA]]|[[Kemosabe Records|Kemosabe]]}}|associated_acts={{Hlist| [[Y2K]]|[[Yeti Beats]]|[[Ariana Grande]]|[[Saweetie]]|}}|website={{URL|dojacat.com}}}}'''Amala Ratna Zandile Dlamini''' (dhashay Oktoobar 21, 1995), xirfad ahaan loo yaqaan '''Doja Cat'''&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Songs for a Social Summer&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; ({{IPAc-en|d|oʊ|d|ʒ|ə}}),  waa fanaanad Maraykan ah. Ku dhalatay kuna kortay [[Los Angeles]], waxay bilawday samaynta iyo ku siidaynta muusiga [[SoundCloud]] iyadoo kuray ah.  Heesteeda &quot;[[So High]]&quot; waxay soo jiidatay dareenka Kemosabe iyo [[RCA Records]], oo ay saxiixday heshiis rikoor ah iyada oo 17 jir ah, ka dibna sii daysay ''[[Purrr!]]''  sanadka 2014-ka.

Ka dib markii ay ka joogsatay muusiga ganacsiga iyo siideynta aan tooska ahayn ee albumkeedii ugu horeeyay ee istuudiyaha, ''Amala'' (2018), Doja Cat waxay kasbatay guul sababtoo ah heesteedii 2018 &quot;Mooo!&quot;, Kaas oo ay ku khiyaalayso inay tahay sac.  Albumkeedii labaad, ''[[Hot Pink]]'' (2019), waa mid guul leh, iyo heesta &quot;[[Say So]]&quot;, waxay noqotay maqal caan ah oo [[TikTok]] ah, waxay siidaysay remix ay la gashay [[Nicki Minaj]].


== Nolosha gaarka ah ==
In kasta oo aanay si rasmi ah u soo bixin ama aanay si cad u sheegin [[Jihaynta galmada|jihadeeda galmood]],&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Henderson|first=Taylor|date=July 20, 2021|title=Doja Cat Called Bree Runway Her Girlfriend &amp; We Can Only Hope|url=https://www.pride.com/celebrities/2021/7/20/doja-cat-called-bree-runway-her-girlfriend-we-can-only-hope|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724152858/https://www.pride.com/celebrities/2021/7/20/doja-cat-called-bree-runway-her-girlfriend-we-can-only-hope|archive-date=July 24, 2021|access-date=July 24, 2021|website=[[Here Media|Pride]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doja Cat waxa ay si maldahan u sheegtay in ay tahay qof [[queer]], iyada oo sheegtay in ay jeceshahay &quot;dadka [ay] galmo la samayn karaan. Qofna waad la galmoon kartaa&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;westword&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Fleming|first=Sara|date=March 2, 2020|title=Who Are We Keeping It Juicy For? Doja Cat Outshines Tyga in Denver|website=[[Westword]]|url=https://www.westword.com/music/doja-cat-shines-tyga-yawns-at-denver-fillmore-auditorium-concert-11654505|url-status=live|access-date=May 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604175848/https://www.westword.com/music/doja-cat-shines-tyga-yawns-at-denver-fillmore-auditorium-concert-11654505|archive-date=June 4, 2020|quote=Doja also came halfway out of the closet herself when she told an Instagram livestream audience, &quot;I like both. I like dicks. I like people that I can have sex with. And you can kinda have sex with anybody.&quot; Or perhaps because songs like &quot;Bottom Bitch&quot; and &quot;Go to Town&quot; can easily be reinterpreted as tributes to lesbian sex}}&lt;/ref&gt; Heesteeda 2021 &quot;[[Planet Her|Naked]]&quot; waxay ka kooban tahay tixraac galmo oo lagu eedeeyay inay tilmaamayso [[Labada jinsi|laba jinsi]] taasoo ah inay &quot;jeceshay muuska iyo fersken&quot;,&lt;ref name=&quot;:39&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Serrano|first=Athena|date=June 25, 2021|title=Doja Cat's Planet Her Has a Song For Every Mood|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/3178634/doja-cat-planet-her-mood-music/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714123533/http://www.mtv.com/news/3178634/doja-cat-planet-her-mood-music/|archive-date=July 14, 2021|access-date=July 14, 2021|website=[[MTV News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; halka heesteeda 2019 ee &quot;Bottom Bitch&quot; sidoo kale loo fasiri karo tusaale ahaan galmada [[lesbian]].&lt;ref name=&quot;westword&quot; /&gt;

== Tix ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Nine Muses</title>
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      <text bytes="9222" sha1="86bwdzp2qzok9cvixc4sm33uwcpqwc1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist|name=Nine Muses|image=File:나인뮤지스 'Love City' 4K 직캠 by DaftTaengk.png|caption=Nine Muses ee 2017|landscape=haa|alt=|alias={{hlist|9Muses|Namyu}}|origin=[[Seoul]], Koonfur Kuuriya|genre=[[K-pop]]|years_active={{hlist|2010–2019}}|label=[[Star Empire Entertainment|Star Empire]]|associated_acts={{hlist|[[Nine Muses A]]|[[Nasty Nasty]]|Star Empire Family}}|website={{url|9muses.co.kr}}|current_members=|past_members=* Jaekyung
* [[Bini]]
* [[Kim Ra-na|Rana]]
* [[Lee Sem]]
* Eunji
* [[Ryu Se-ra|Sera]]
* [[Lee Hye-min|Euaerin]]
* [[Park Min-ha|Minha]]
* [[Moon Hyun-A|Hyuna]]
* [[Son Sung-ah|Sungah]]
* [[Park Gyeong-ree|Gyeongree]]
* [[Hyemi]]
* [[Sojin]]
* Keumjo}}'''Nine Muses''' ({{lang-ko|나인뮤지스}}, inta badan loo qaabeeyey sida '''9Muses''') waxay ahayd koox gabdho Koonfur Kuuriya ah oo ay samaysay [[Star Empire Entertainment]] oo leh fikrad ogolaansho iyo qalinjabin. Safka ugu dambeeya ee kooxda ayaa ka koobnaa afar xubnood: [[Park Gyeong-ree|Gyeongree]], [[Hyemi]], Sojin, iyo Keumjo.
== Sawirka dadweynaha iyo soo dhawaynta ==
Ka dib markii &quot;[[No Playboy]]&quot;, kooxdu waxay heleen guul markii la sii daayay &quot;[[Figaro]]&quot;. Heestu waxay ahayd fikrad sexy ah oo soo jiidatay fikrado kala duwan. Intaa ka dib, Nine Muses ayaa sii waday fikradda sexy ee ay caan ku yihiin.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.koreaboo.com/news/nine-muses-ryu-sera-sexy-concept-difficulties/ &quot;The Troubles Of Being In A “Sexy Concept” Group According To Former Nine Muses’ Ryu Sera&quot;]. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://seoulbeats.com/2013/01/nine-muses-has-two-faces/ Nine Muses has Two Faces - Seoulbeats] {{Wayback|url=https://seoulbeats.com/2013/01/nine-muses-has-two-faces/ |date=20211219170503 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ka hor inta aan la bilaabin kooxda, Nine Muses waxaa loo suuq geeyey koox ka mid ah &quot;boombalo moodel&quot; marka loo eego xubnaha jirkooda dhaadheer iyo kuwa caatada ah, iyo xaqiiqda ah in dhowr xubnood ay hore u soo shaqeeyeen sidii moodooyin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2010-08-05|title=[걸그룹 습격 시즌2] ① '모델돌' 나인뮤지스 급습...신체사이즈 재보니 '허걱'|url=https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2010/08/05/2010080500985.html|access-date=2020-12-01|website=The Chosun Ilbo|language=ko|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171424/https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2010/08/05/2010080500985.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2010-08-05|title=[걸그룹 연습실 습격 시즌2] ② '모델돌' 나인뮤지스, '내추럴 섹시' 그룹이 되기까지|url=https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2010/08/05/2010080501534.html|access-date=2020-12-01|website=The Chosun Ilbo|language=ko|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171450/https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2010/08/05/2010080501534.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Calaamadda waxaa loo isticmaalay in lagu qeexo kooxda inta ay ku guda jiraan xirfaddooda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2012-01-12|title=나인뮤지스 &quot;모델돌? 이젠 지긋지긋해요&quot;|url=https://www.donga.com/news/article/all/20120111/43251175/3|access-date=2020-12-01|website=The Dong A Ilbo|language=ko|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171428/https://www.donga.com/news/article/all/20120111/43251175/3|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2013-09-28|title=나인뮤지스, 괜히 '모델돌'이 아니네‥|url=https://www.mk.co.kr/star/musics/view/2013/09/907419/|access-date=2020-12-01|website=Star Today|language=ko|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171429/https://www.mk.co.kr/star/musics/view/2013/09/907419/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-06-19|title=나인뮤지스, '모델돌'의 위엄|url=https://www.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/201506191175082519?t=20201201152825|access-date=2020-12-01|website=Hankook Ilbo|language=ko-KR|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171437/https://www.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/201506191175082519?t=20201201152825|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=September 27, 2017|title=나인뮤지스, 완벽 보디라인 &quot;모델돌 타이틀 한때 부담스러워&quot;|url=http://stoo.asiae.co.kr/article.php?aid=40406356288|access-date=2020-12-01|website=Sports Today|language=ko|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171435/https://developers.kakao.com/sdk/js/kakao.min.js|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-02-14|title='모델돌' 나인뮤지스, 싱글 '리멤버'로 9년 그룹활동 마침표 [엑's 이슈]|url=http://www.xportsnews.com/?ac=article_view&amp;entry_id=1076282|access-date=2020-12-01|website=X Sports News|language=ko|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171425/https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.js|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nine Muuse waxa ay caan ku ahaayeen sawirkooda &quot;kacsiga&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2017-07-10|title=[취중dol①]나인뮤지스 &quot;섹시 이미지에 실력 묻혀 속상해요&quot;|url=https://news.joins.com/article/21742380|access-date=2020-12-04|website=Joong Ang Ilbo|language=ko|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171427/https://news.joins.com/article/21742380|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2013-05-08|title='컴백' 나인뮤지스, &quot;우린 뭘 해도 '19금' 어쩔 수 없어&quot;|url=http://sports.hankooki.com/lpage/music/201305/sp2013050816341595510.htm|access-date=2020-12-04|website=Hankook Ilbo|language=ko|archive-date=July 22, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130722214349/http://sports.hankooki.com/lpage/music/201305/sp2013050816341595510.htm|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; waxayna si gaar ah caan uga ahaayeen ciidamada militariga ee Koonfur Kuuriya, kooxda kasbaday naanays &quot;madaxweyne militari&quot; ({{Korean|hangul=군통령|hanja=|rr=|mr=}}).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2013-01-22|title=나인뮤지스, 독보적인 '軍통령' 인증..국내 가요계 최초 군부대 컴백|url=http://biz.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=20130122000883|access-date=2020-12-03|website=The Korea Herald|language=ko|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171442/http://biz.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=20130122000883|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2014-10-01|title='군통령' 나인뮤지스, 국군의날 기념하며 나란히 충성!|url=https://www.ajunews.com/view/20141001084319584|access-date=2020-12-03|website=Aju Economy|language=ko|archive-date=March 20, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320080939/http://www.ajunews.com/view/20141001084319584|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-02-11|title=&quot;굿바이 군통령&quot; 나인뮤지스 끝내 해체|url=https://m.segye.com/view/20190211002197|access-date=2020-12-03|website=Segye Ilbo|language=ko|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171436/https://m.segye.com/view/20190211002197|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Iyadoo kooxdu ay soo martay guulo dhexdhexaad ah, waxay ku guuldareysteen inay gaaraan caannimada heerka sare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Herman|first=Tamar|date=2019-02-15|title=9MUSES Disband, 'Remember' Career in Farewell Video: Watch|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8498624/9muses-disband-remember-video|access-date=2020-12-04|magazine=Billboard|language=en|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171432/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8498624/9muses-disband-remember-video|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Warbaahinta Koonfur Kuuriya ayaa Nine Muses ku magacawday koox &quot;nadallen&quot; ({{Korean|hangul=나달렌|hanja=|rr=|mr=}}), oo ay weheliyaan [[Dal Shabet]] iyo [[Rainbow|Qaanso]], waayo, haysashada &quot;dhammaan shuruudaha guusha&quot; laakiin midkoodna nasiib uma laha kooxo caan ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2016-07-26|title=[한 방이 아쉬워] 노래-퍼포먼스-비주얼 다 되는데 왜 안 뜰까?…나인뮤지스부터 레인보우까지|url=https://www.ajunews.com/view/20160726083825879|access-date=2020-12-04|website=Aju Economy|language=ko|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171433/https://www.ajunews.com/view/20160726083825879|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-10-23|title=미쓰백' 달샤벳 수빈, &quot;연습실 월세 낼 수준 안 돼&quot; 집에 작업실 마련|url=https://www.mk.co.kr/star/broadcasting-service/view/2020/10/1086521/|access-date=2020-12-04|website=Maeil Business Newspaper|language=ko|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171436/https://www.mk.co.kr/star/broadcasting-service/view/2020/10/1086521/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-10-30|title=&quot;걸그룹 4년에 자존감 바닥, 그래도 언니가 돼주고 싶다&quot;|url=https://www.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/A2020102814370001355?t=20201204032409|access-date=2020-12-04|website=Hankook Ilbo|language=ko-KR|archive-date=April 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428171434/https://www.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/A2020102814370001355?t=20201204032409|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tix ==
[[Category:Kooxaha gabdhaha Koonfur Kuuriya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Han So-hee</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>34966</id>
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      <id>311887</id>
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      <text bytes="1582" sha1="rkedgduhr6p1xrl8eh61nkeho7edyzg" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Han So-hee|image=Han Sohee at Incheon Airport, January 22, 2025.png|image_caption=Han ee 2025|birth_name=Lee So-hee|birth_date={{birth date and age|1994|11|18}}|birth_place=[[Ulsan]], Koonfur Kuuriya|occupation={{Hlist|Moodel|atariisho|}}|years_active=2016–hada|alma_mater=|awards=|height_m=1.65|agent=U-ATTO Entertainment|module=}}

'''Han So-hee''' (한소희; dhashay '''Lee So-hee''' (이소희); Nofeembar 18, 1994) waa atariishada Koonfur Kuuriya iyo moodel. Waxay bilawday shaqadeeda sidii jilaa taageere ee taxanaha telefishanka ''[[Money Flower]]'' (2017), ''[[100 Days My Prince]]'' (2018),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=박|first=미라|date=2018-09-10|title=‘백일의 낭군님’ 한소희, 첫 방 앞두고 환한 미소의 대본 인증샷 공 she’s 27 years ild개|url=https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/article/201809108737I|url-status=dead|access-date=2021-03-26|website=hankyung.com|language=ko|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2021-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503215154/https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/article/201809108737I|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo ''[[Abyss]]'' (2019) ka hor inta aan loo gudbin doorarka hogaanka ee taxanaha [[JTBC]] ''[[The World of the Married]]'' (2020) iyo ''[[Nevertheless]]'' (2021), iyo [[Netflix]]-soo saaray ''[[My Name]]'' (2021). Doorkeeda [[Liiska jilayaasha The World of the Married|Yeo Da-kyung]] ee T''he World of the Married'' (2020) waxay heshay aqoonsi ballaaran.

== Tix ==
&lt;references /&gt;


[[Category:Atariishayasha telefishanka Koonfur Kuuriya]]
[[Category:Dad nool]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Basic Instinct</title>
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      <text bytes="4619" sha1="9xxa2p6gque37zy7xa3u2k664or934g" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox film|name=Basic Instinct|editing=[[Frank J. Urioste]]|budget=$49&amp;nbsp; milyan|language=|country=|runtime=128 d|released={{Film date|1992|3|18|Los Angeles|1992|3|20| Maraykanka|1992|5|8|Faransiiska, Boqortooyada Ingiriiska}}|distributor={{Plainlist|
* [[TriStar Pictures]] (US)
* [[Guild Film Distribution]] (UK)
* [[UGC (cinema operator)|UGC Distribution]] (Faransiiska)
}}|studio={{Plainlist|
* [[Carolco Pictures]]
* [[StudioCanal|Le Studio Canal+]]
}}|cinematography=[[Jan de Bont]]|image=File:Basic Instinct logo.svg|music=[[Jerry Goldsmith]]|starring={{Plainlist|
* [[Michael Douglas]]
* [[Sharon Stone]]
* [[George Dzundza]]
* [[Jeanne Tripplehorn]]
* [[Wayne Knight]]
}}|writer=[[Joe Eszterhas]]|producer=[[Alan Marshall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Mario Kassar]]|director=[[Paul Verhoeven]]|caption=|alt=|gross=$352.9&amp;nbsp; milyan}}'''''Basic Instinct''''' waa [[filim qooq-kobcin]] [[Filimada xiisaha|xiisa]] 1992-kii oo uu agaasimay Paul Verhoeven uuna qoray Joe Eszterhas. Filimku wuxuu daba socdaa baaraha bilayska San Francisco Nick Curran (Michael Douglas), kaasoo baaraya dilkii arxan darada ahaa ee loo geystay [[Caan|xiddig rock]] ah.&lt;ref&gt;[[Alain Silver|Silver, Alain]]; Ward, Elizabeth; eds. (1992). Film Noir: An Encyclopedic Reference to the American Style (3rd ed.). Woodstock, New York: [[The Overlook Press]].&lt;/ref&gt; Inta lagu jiro baaritaanka, Curran wuxuu ku lug yeelanayaa xiriir adag oo lala yeesho tuhmanaha koowaad, [[Catherine Tramell]] ([[Sharon Stone]]), qoraa hal-abuur leh.

Kahor inta aan lasii dayn, ''Basic Instinct'' ah wuxuu dhaliyay muran ka dhashay galmo cad iyo rabshad, oo ay ku jirto goobta kufsiga. Dadka u dhaqdhaqaaqa xuquuqda [[gay]]-ka ayaa dhaleeceeyay muuqaalka filimka ee xiriirka khaniisiinta iyo sawirka haweeneyda [[bisexual]]-ka ah ee nafsiga ah ee dilaaga ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Leistedt|first1=Samuel J.|last2=Linkowski|first2=Paul|title=Psychopathy and the Cinema: Fact or Fiction?|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-forensic-sciences_2014-01_59_1/page/167|journal=Journal of Forensic Sciences|date=January 2014|volume=59|issue=1|pages=167–174|doi=10.1111/1556-4029.12359|pmid=24329037|s2cid=14413385}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://psychitect.com/blogfilm/archives.cfm/category/narcissistic-personality-disorder|title=Dr. Fredricks Cinema Therapy Blog - Narcissistic personality disorder|publisher=Dr. Randi Fredricks, PhD|access-date=2014-04-18|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915022411/http://psychitect.com/blogfilm/archives.cfm/category/narcissistic-personality-disorder|archive-date=September 15, 2013|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hal muqaal, xubinta [[Taranka dumarka|taranka]] ee Stone ayaa laga duubay iyadoo lugaha is dhaafsanaysa, taasoo ay ku andacoonayso in la sameeyay iyadoon ogayn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Owoseje|first=Toyin|date=2021-03-20|title=Sharon Stone says she was misled about explicit interrogation scene in 'Basic Instinct': Vanity Fair|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/entertainment/sharon-stone-says-she-was-misled-about-explicit-interrogation-scene-in-basic-instinct-vanity-fair-1.5355419|access-date=2021-03-21|website=CTVNews|language=en|archive-date=March 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320155149/https://www.ctvnews.ca/entertainment/sharon-stone-says-she-was-misled-about-explicit-interrogation-scene-in-basic-instinct-vanity-fair-1.5355419|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Basic Instinct 2006&quot; /&gt;

Filimka ayaa markii dambe loo aqoonsaday muuqaalkiisa galmoodka ah ee [[Hollywood|shaleemada caanka ah ee Hollywood]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Murray, Terri|title=Feminist Film Studies: A Teacher's Guide|publisher=Auteur|year=2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[Basic Instinct 2]]'' (2006), sidoo kale xiddig Stone oo la sameeyey iyada oo aan Verhoeven ee ku lug lahaanshaha; Filimku wuxuu helay faallooyin taban wuxuuna ahaa mid aan lagu guulaysan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Moviefone Top 25 Box Office Bombs of All Time|publisher=Moviefone.com|access-date=5 September 2008|url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/basic-instinct-2|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723010419/http://www.moviefone.com/insidemovies/2007/11/15/biggest-box-office-bombs/|archive-date=July 23, 2008|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://uk.rottentomatoes.com/guides/worst_of_the_worst/2/|title=Worst of the Worst 2009 - Dragonfly|publisher=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|date=March 16, 2010|access-date=November 22, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100316051550/http://uk.rottentomatoes.com/guides/worst_of_the_worst/2/|archive-date=March 16, 2010|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tix ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Stacey Dash</title>
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      <text bytes="2197" sha1="mp8v988qa5bsgbugx5jqcyoeez6i666" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Stacey Dash|image=Stacey Dash (25514874102) (cropped).jpg|caption=Dash ee 2016|birth_name=Stacey Lauretta Dash|birth_date={{birth date and age|1967|1|20}}|birth_place=[[Bronx, New York City]], New York|occupation=Atariisho|years_active=1982–hada|known_for=''[[Mo' Money]]'' &lt;br /&gt;''[[Clueless]]''|party=[[Xisbiga Dimuqraadiga (Mareykanka)|Dimuqraadiga]] (ka hor 2012)&lt;br /&gt;[[Xisbiga Jamhuuriga (Mareykanka)|Jamhuuriga]] (2012–hada)|spouse=|children=2|relatives=}}'''Stacey Lauretta Dash'''&lt;ref name=&quot;tvg&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/stacey-dash/bio/175079/|title=Stacey Dash|magazine=[[TV Guide]]|access-date=February 7, 2016|archive-date=October 1, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001034719/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/stacey-dash/bio/175079/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; (dhashay Janaayo 20, 1967)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.distractify.com/p/stacey-dash-children Stacey Dash Was Already a Mom When She Starred in 'Clueless', BY SHANNON RAPHAEL, MAR. 11 2021, PUBLISHED 10:58 A.M. ET]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hollywood.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrity/Stacey_Dash/187536#fullBio|title=Stacey Dash|publisher=[[Hollywood.com]]|archive-date=February 28, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090228133301/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrity/Stacey_Dash/187536#fullBio|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bet.com/celebrities/news/2019/10/02/stacey-dash-arrest-record-white-sad-financial-situation.html|publisher=BET|title=Stacey Dash's Arrest Record Lists Her As 'White' And Reveals Her Sad Financial Situation|date=October 2, 2019|first=Moriba|last=Cummings|archive-date=October 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191004162951/https://www.bet.com/celebrities/news/2019/10/02/stacey-dash-arrest-record-white-sad-financial-situation.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{efn|name=ama {{birth date and age|1966|01|20|}}}} waa atariisho Mareykan ah horeyna u ahaan jirtay daadihiyaha bandhigga hadalka. Dash waxay ku ciyaartay doorka Dionne Marie Davenport 1995-tii filimka ''[[Clueless]]'' iyo taxane telefishan oo isku magac ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;enc&quot; /&gt;

== Tix ==
&lt;references /&gt;


== Xusuusin ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Nicki Minaj</title>
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      <text bytes="21253" sha1="j26qnu9qv4n217izxxnmgcj2fl9vk94" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Nicki Minaj|image=Nicki Minaj Realize 2017 NBA Awards Tour.png|caption=Minaj ee 2017|birth_name=Onika Tanya Maraj|birth_date={{birth date and age|1982|12|8}}|citizenship=|education=|birth_place=[[Saint James, Trinidad iyo Tobago|Saint James]], [[Dekedda Isbania]], [[Trinidad iyo Tobago]]|alias=|occupation={{Hlist|Raaber|atariisho|}}|years_active=2004–hada|spouse={{marriage|Kenneth Petty|2019}}|partner=[[Safaree Samuels]] (2000–2014)&lt;br /&gt;
[[Meek Mill]] (2015–2017)&lt;br /&gt;|children=1|awards=|module={{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| background         = 
| genre              = 
| instrument          = Cod
| origin              = [[New York]]
| label               = {{flatlist|
* [[Young Money Entertainment|Young Money]]
* [[Cash Money Records|Cash Money]]
* [[Republic Records|Republic]]
}}
| associated_acts     = {{flatlist|
* [[Ariana Grande]]
* [[Chris Brown]]
* [[David Guetta]]
* [[Drake]]
* [[Kanye West]]
* [[Lil Wayne]]
* [[Madonna]]
* [[Meek Mill]]
* [[Jesy Nelson]]
}}
| website            = {{URL|nickiminajofficial.com}}
{{Infobox 
| child =yes
|header          = Logo
| headerstyle     = 
background:#b0c4de
}}
}}}}

'''Onika Tanya Maraj-Petty''' (dhashay Diseembar 8, 1982), loo yaqan sida '''Nicki Minaj''' ({{IPAc-en|m|ɪ|ˈ|n|ɑː|ʒ}}), waa  raaber, heesaa iyo atariisho ku dhashay Trinidadian&lt;ref&gt;Minaj ayaa ku andacoonaysa inay si sharci darro ah ugu soo haajirtay Maraykanka mana cadda waxa ay tahay sharcigeeda dhalasho ee Maraykanka.[https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8462182/nicki-minaj-children-border-crisis-illegal-immigrant]&lt;/ref&gt;. Waxa ay caan ku tahay wax-ka-bedelkeeda farshaxan ahaan, hal-abuurkeeda luuqaynta iyo isticmaalkeeda beddelka ereyada iyo lahjadaha. Minaj ayaa markii ugu horreysay heshay aqoonsi ka dib markii ay sii daysay saddex [[mixtape]] oo isku dhafan intii u dhaxaysay 2007 iyo 2009. Waxay ku caan baxday albamkeedii ugu horreeyay, ''[[Pink Friday]]'' (2010) iyo heesta &quot;[[Super Bass]]&quot;. 

Inta badan waxaa lagu tilmaamaa &quot;[[Naaneysyada sharafta leh ee muusiga caanka ah|Boqoradda Raabka]]&quot; iyo &quot;Boqoradda Hip Hop&quot; dhowr warbaahin, iyada ayaa loo magacaabay mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu saameynta badan abid ''[[The New York Times]]'', ''[[Evening Standard]]'', iyo ''[[NPR]]''. Minaj sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu iibsiga badan ebid, iyada oo 100 milyan oo rikoodh ah oo adduunka ah lagu iibiyey. ''[[Billboard]]'' waxay ku qiimeeyay inay tahay raaberyasha haweeneyda ugu sareysa 2010-meeyadii, iyo toddobaad ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu sarreeya dumarka.  Atariisho ahaan, waxay door yar ah ku lahayd filimada majaajilada ah ''[[The Other Woman]]'' (2014) iyo ''[[Barbershop: The Next Cut]]'' (2016). Iyadu hadda waa [[Liiska xisaabaadka Instagram-ka ee inta badan la raaco|raaber-ta loogu badan raacaa]] [[Instagram]]-ka oo leh in ka badan 175 milyan oo raacsan.

== Dhaxalka ==
Warbaahino kala duwan, sida ''[[Billboard]]'', ''[[Time]]'', ''[[NME]]'', ''[[NBC News]]'', ''[[Cosmopolitan]]'' iyo [[GQ]] waxay Minaj ugu yeereen &quot;Boqoradda Raab-ka&quot; iyo ''[[The New York Times]]'', ''[[Washington Post]]'', ''[[NPR]]'', iyo [[LA Times|''LA Times'']] waxay u tixraaceen inay tahay &quot;Boqoradda Hip Hop&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Sources for Minaj being cited the &quot;Queen of Rap&quot;:

* {{Cite web|date=2018-08-10|title=GQ Editors Pick the Best Nicki Minaj Verses|url=https://www.gq.com/story/these-are-the-best-nicki-minaj-verses|access-date=2021-10-19|website=GQ|language=en-US}}
* {{Cite magazine|title=Jesy Nelson Gets Post-Little Mix Career Underway With 'Boyz' Featuring Nicki Minaj: Stream It Now|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/9642448/jesy-nelson-boyz-nicki-minaj-listen/|magazine=Billboard|language=en|access-date=2021-10-19}}
* {{Cite magazine|date=2022-02-04|title=Nicki Minaj x Lil Baby, Mitski &amp; More: What’s Your Favorite Music Release of the Week? Vote!|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/new-music-release-poll-nicki-minaj-lil-baby-mitski-1235027444/|access-date=2022-02-07|website=Billboard|language=en}}
* {{Cite web|title=Nicki Minaj backs Texas councilman who gave her a birthday shoutout|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/nbc-out/out-pop-culture/nicki-minaj-backs-texas-councilman-gave-birthday-shoutout-rcna8569|access-date=2022-01-07|website=NBC News|language=en}}
* {{Cite magazine|last=Lang|first=Cady|date=March 14, 2017|title=Watch Nicki Minaj Flawlessly Lip Sync to Celine Dion|url=https://time.com/4701402/nicki-minaj-celine-dion-lip-sync/|access-date=2021-11-11|magazine=Time|language=en|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2021-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111172255/https://time.com/4701402/nicki-minaj-celine-dion-lip-sync/|dead-url=yes}}
* {{Cite news|title=Nicki Minaj is the queen of rap. She needs to start acting like it.|language=en|work=[[Mic (media company)|Mic]]|url=https://mic.com/articles/190885/nicki-minaj-queen-rap-of-rap-act-like-it#.Pj6lGHD89|access-date=October 26, 2018}}
* {{Cite web|last=Mappoura|first=Lia|date=2022-02-15|title=This throwback picture of Nicki Minaj is proof that she ages backwards|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/beauty-hair/celebrity-hair-makeup/a39088801/nicki-minaj-throwback-picture/|access-date=2022-02-17|website=[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|Cosmopolitan]]|language=en-GB}}
* {{Cite web|last=Wang|first=Steffanee|title=Nicki Minaj &amp; Lil Baby Pull Of A Heist On &quot;Do We Have A Problem&quot;|url=https://www.nylon.com/entertainment/nicki-minaj-lil-baby-do-we-have-a-problem-video|access-date=2022-02-17|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|language=en}}
* {{Cite web|date=2021-09-16|title=Nicki Minaj: every album ranked and rated|url=https://www.nme.com/features/nicki-minaj-every-album-ranked-and-rated-3047363|access-date=2021-11-01|website=NME|language=en-GB}}
* {{Cite web|title=Nicki Minaj Pulled Out Of The 2021 VMAs For A Mysterious Reason|url=https://www.bustle.com/entertainment/why-nicki-minaj-wont-perform-at-2021-mtv-vmas|access-date=2021-12-01|website=Bustle|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for Minaj being cited the &quot;Queen of Hip-Hop&quot;:

* {{Cite news|title=From Queens to Queen: Nicki Minaj, 'Pink Friday'|language=en-US|work=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/express/wp/2010/11/22/nicki-minaj-pink-friday-review/|access-date=2021-11-11|issn=0190-8286}}&lt;nowiki&gt; &quot;'Pink Friday' proves to be a highly autobiographical album, recounting Minaj's rise from Red Lobster waitress to bad-girl queen of hip-hop.&quot;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
* {{cite web|first=Sowmya|last=Krishnamurthy|title=Nicki Minaj Is The 21st Century's Insatiable Hip-Hop Monarch|url=https://www.npr.org/2018/10/03/651761719/nicki-minaj-is-the-21st-centurys-insatiable-hip-hop-monarch|date=October 3, 2018|access-date=June 9, 2020|publisher=National Public Radio}}
* {{Cite web|last=Fitzgerald|first=Trent|title=Nicki Minaj's Most Essential Songs You Need to Hear|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/nicki-minaj-essential-songs/|access-date=2021-11-03|website=XXL Mag|language=en}}
* {{Cite news|last1=Best|first1=Tamara|last2=Chow|first2=Andrew R.|date=2015-08-30|title=VMAs 2015: Moments to Watch|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/30/arts/music/2015-mtv-vmas.html|access-date=2021-11-11|issn=0362-4331}}
* {{Cite magazine|title=Nicki Minaj's 13 Most Priceless Music Moments|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/events/hot-100-festival/6633571/nicki-minaj-hot-100-festival-timeline|access-date=2021-11-03|magazine=Billboard|language=en}}
* {{Cite web|date=2015-06-27|title=Review: BET Experience 2015: Nicki Minaj fails to impress|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-bet-experience-2015-nicki-minaj-fails-to-impress-20150627-story.html|access-date=2021-11-03|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2012, Jon Caramanica oo ka tirsan wargeyska ''The New York Times'' ayaa ugu yeedhay Minaj &quot;raaber-ta dumarka ugu saamaynta badan ah ee waligoodba&quot;, ee 2015 Vanessa Grigoriadis oo ka tirsan [[The New York Times Magazine|majaladda]] ayaa ugu yeedhay &quot;xiddigta raab-ka dumarka ugu weyn adduunka&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT20120330&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Grigoriadis|first=Vanessa|date=2015-10-07|title=The Passion of Nicki Minaj|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/11/magazine/the-passion-of-nicki-minaj.html|access-date=2021-11-12|issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=From Nas to Drake, the most influential hip hop artists of all time|language=en-GB|work=Evening Standard|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/go/london/music/the-most-influential-hip-hop-artists-of-all-time-a3863356.html|access-date=October 29, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ZoeJohnsonXXLNM&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.npr.org/2018/10/03/651761719/nicki-minaj-is-the-21st-centurys-insatiable-hip-hop-monarch&lt;/ref&gt;

2017, Patrik Sandberg oo ka tirsan ''[[Dazed]]'' ayaa ku dooday in Minaj uu &quot;ka sare maray fanaan kasta oo kale oo hip hop ah si uu u noqdo midka ugu guulaha badan taariikhda&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:053&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Dazed|date=September 19, 2017|title=Nicki Minaj on ten years of revolutionising rap|language=en|work=Dazed|url=http://www.dazeddigital.com/music/article/37367/1/nicki-minaj-new-album-steven-klein-interview|access-date=October 29, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Soulsby|first=Nick|date=2020-05-11|title=Nicki Minaj Is the Greatest Rapper of the Decade Bar None, PopMatters|url=https://www.popmatters.com/nicki-minaj-greatest-rapper-decade-2645966150.html|access-date=2022-01-07|website=PopMatters|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[Glamour]]'' waxa ay ku dartay Minaj liiskooda 104 haween ah oo qeexay dhaqanka pop 2010-yadii.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-12-20|title=104 Women Who Defined the Decade in Pop Culture|url=https://www.glamour.com/story/women-who-defined-the-decade-in-pop-culture|access-date=2021-11-21|website=Glamour|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

''[[XXL]]'', Madeline Roth waxay ka faallootay in Minaj &quot;ay ka caawisay dhalashada jiil cusub oo raaber ah oo la mid ah qaabkeeda&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;ZoeJohnsonXXLNM&quot; /&gt; Waxay saameyn ku yeelatay dhowr fanaan oo ay ka mid yihiin [[Tinashe]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Roth|first=Madeline|title=Tinashe on Nicki Minaj's Best Quality: 'She's Unapologetic'|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2351719/tinashe-female-empowerment-lesson-nicki-minaj/|access-date=10 August 2020|website=MTV|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=28 Bisha Sagaalaad 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928093152/http://www.mtv.com/news/2351719/tinashe-female-empowerment-lesson-nicki-minaj/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Cher Lloyd]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Cher Lloyd Says Nicki Minaj Helped Change Pop Music: &quot;I Admire How Brave She Is&quot;|url=https://www.capitalfm.com/artists/cher-lloyd/news/nicki-minaj-changed-pop/|access-date=13 August 2020|website=Capital FM}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Cupcakke]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=CupcakKe Interview - New Album, Hosting Hot Haus TV Show, Going to School With Chief Keef|date=October 29, 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7nDizgI00s&amp;t=1768s|language=en|access-date=2021-11-12}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Billie Eilish]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Kaufman|first=Gil|title=Here Are the Artists Who Inspired Billie Eilish Over the Years|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/9391977/billie-eilish-musical-inspirations|access-date=August 30, 2020|magazine=Billboard}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Lil Nas X]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Lil Nas X on 'Montero (Call Me By Your Name),' forgiving himself, and being a Barb|url=https://ew.com/music/lil-nas-x-montero-pride-cover-story/|access-date=2021-09-16|website=EW.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ms Banks]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Mylrea|first=Hannah|date=November 14, 2017|title=Meet Ms Banks, Nicki Minaj's New Favourite Rapper|website=[[NME]]|url=https://www.nme.com/blogs/nme-radar/who-ms-banks-nicki-minajs-new-favourite-rapper-2158928|access-date=September 15, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Asian Doll]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=May 11, 2018|title=Asian Doll Talks Nicki Minaj Co-Sign: &quot;I Was the First One to Say She's My Idol&quot;|url=https://thesource.com/2018/05/11/asian-doll-nicki-minaj/}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Doja Cat]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Stacy-Ann Ellis|title=Doja Cat Is Here to Stay With Whimsical Wordplay and Bars That Bite|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/doja-cat-rapper-interview/|access-date=10 August 2020|website=XXL}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Megan Thee Stallion]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=March 11, 2020|title='She's An Inspiration' – Megan Thee Stallion Gush Over Nicki Minaj|url=https://www.informationng.com/2020/03/shes-an-inspiration-megan-thee-stallion-gush-over-nicki-minaj-video.html|access-date=April 8, 2021|website=Information Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mulatto|Latto]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mulatto Says Nicki Minaj Inspired Her to Become a Rapper|url=https://www.rap-up.com/2021/01/26/nicki-minaj-inspired-mulatto-to-rap/|access-date=April 6, 2021|website=Rap-Up|archive-date=Bisha Saddexaad 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308113521/https://www.rap-up.com/2021/01/26/nicki-minaj-inspired-mulatto-to-rap/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Shenseea]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Shenseea Was Inspired by Nicki Minaj and Rihanna -|url=https://www.bet.com/video-clips/8cumf1/shenseea-was-inspired-by-nicki-minaj-and-rihanna|access-date=2022-01-19|website=BET|language=en|archive-date=2022-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220211132420/https://www.bet.com/video-clips/8cumf1/shenseea-was-inspired-by-nicki-minaj-and-rihanna|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Bia|BIA]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who is BIA? Meet the Boston rapper on the 'Whole Lotta Money' remix with Nicki Minaj|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/music/2021/07/09/who-bia-meet-rapper-whole-lotta-money-remix-nicki-minaj/7919592002/|website=USA Today|access-date=July 10, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Lakeyah]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Torres|first=Bianca|title=Lakeyah Names Her Top Five Favorite Rappers|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/lakeyah-top-five-rappers/|access-date=2022-01-09|website=XXL Mag|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Luísa Sonza]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Internet (amdb.com.br)|first=AMDB|title=Luísa Sonza lança 'Anaconda *o* ~~~', feat. com Mariah Angeliq: &quot;Fiz a cama; e ela deitou&quot; [ENTREVISTA] · Rolling Stone|url=https://rollingstone.uol.com.br/musica/luisa-sonza-lanca-anaconda-o-feat-com-mariah-angeliq-fiz-cama-e-ela-deitou-entrevista/|access-date=2021-12-09|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=December 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Coi Leray]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nicki Minaj probably one of the biggest female Trendsetters of all time. #inspired|url=https://twitter.com/coi_leray/status/1479535024550518786|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-07|website=Twitter|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Maliibu Miitch]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-10-28|title=Bronx native Maliibu Miitch is going back to the roots of rap|url=https://www.wonderlandmagazine.com/2019/10/28/malibu-mitch-autumn-19-issue/|access-date=2021-09-08|website=Wonderland|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;  [[City Girls]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-08-10|title=City Girls Still 'Hoping' To Work With Nicki Minaj Despite Yung Miami Instagram Block|last=Bustard|first=Andy|url=https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.63802/title.city-girls-still-hoping-to-work-with-nicki-minaj-despite-yung-miami-instagram-block|access-date=2022-01-08|website=HipHopDX|archive-date=2022-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220205005621/https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.63802/title.city-girls-still-hoping-to-work-with-nicki-minaj-despite-yung-miami-instagram-block|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Yung Baby Tate]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=III|first=Robby Seabrook|title=The Break Presents: Yung Baby Tate - XXL|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/yung-baby-tate-interview-the-break/|access-date=2022-01-14|website=XXL Mag|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Rico Nasty]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Williams|first=Kyann-Sian|date=2020-09-11|title=Rico Nasty: &quot;I definitely resonate with being a pop-punk princess&quot;|url=https://www.nme.com/big-reads/rico-nasty-cover-interview-2020-iphone-nightmare-vacation-2750494|access-date=2022-01-08|website=NME|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Princess Vitarah]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Princess Vitarah Lives By Her Own Rules|url=https://www.thefader.com/2016/09/27/princess-vitarah-interview|access-date=2022-01-19|website=The FADER|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Erica Banks]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Inman|first=DeMicia|title=Texan Rapper Erica Banks On Her Song &quot;Buss It&quot; Going Viral|url=https://www.nylon.com/entertainment/erica-banks-buss-it-challenge|access-date=2022-01-09|website=Nylon|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Flo Milli]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=I|first=Kathy|last2=oli|title=Flo Milli Looks to Nicki Minaj for Career Inspiration|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/flo-milli-interview-nicki-minaj/|access-date=2022-01-09|website=XXL Mag|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ivorian Doll]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=&quot;I’m Just Trying To Compete With The Boys&quot;: An Interview With Ivorian Doll|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2020/07/ivorian-doll-interview|access-date=2022-01-09|website=Complex|language=en|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2022-01-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109100542/https://www.complex.com/music/2020/07/ivorian-doll-interview|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Angel Haze]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2012-09-06|title=Angel Haze Speaks On Learned Technique, Inspiration From Drake &amp; Nicki Minaj|url=https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.21042/title.angel-haze-speaks-on-learned-technique-inspiration-from-drake-nicki-minaj|access-date=2022-01-11|website=HipHopDX|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2022-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111211826/https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.21042/title.angel-haze-speaks-on-learned-technique-inspiration-from-drake-nicki-minaj|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Rubi Rose]], [[Lady Leshurr]], iyo [[Saweetie]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Lyle|first=Ashley|date=February 14, 2018|title=Rising MC Saweetie Talks Viral Hit 'Icy Grl,' Signing With Warner Bros. Records &amp; the Value of Education|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8099115/saweetie-interview-icy-grl-warner-bros-deal|access-date=September 10, 2019|magazine=Billboard}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Billboard'' waxa uu ku ammaanay in ay dib ugu soo celisay raaber-yada dumarka ee guud ahaan Maraykanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=29 Black Music Milestones: Nicki Minaj Puts Female Rap Back On the Map|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/504502/29-black-music-milestones-nicki-minaj-puts-female-rap-back-on-the-map|access-date=April 30, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/9378020/nicki-minaj-best-features-top-20|title=Nicki Minaj's 20 Best Features|access-date=August 21, 2020|magazine=Billboard}}&lt;/ref&gt; Minaj waxaa lagu tiriyaa ''[[Complex]]'' inay awood u leedahay inay &quot;qaadato hees fudud oo ay u rogi karto mid guulaysata sababtoo ah waxay ku jirtaa.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2018/05/the-best-nicki-minaj-features/y-u-mad|title=The Best Nicki Minaj Features|access-date=August 21, 2020|website=Complex|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201155233/https://www.complex.com/music/2018/05/the-best-nicki-minaj-features/y-u-mad|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Monster&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/01/arts/music/nicki-minaj-is-the-influential-leader-of-hip-hop.html?pagewanted=all|title=A Singular Influence|newspaper=The New York Times|date=March 30, 2012|access-date=10 August 2020|last1=Caramanica|first1=Jon}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2014, ''NPR'' Erik Nielson wuxuu sheegay in &quot;guusha Minaj tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay ay u taagan tahay marka laga reebo qaanuunka aan qornayn ee ah in haweenka raaber-yada aysan hadda boos ka helin fannaaniinta caanka ah&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/03/04/285718351/where-did-all-the-female-rappers-go|title=Where Did All The Female Rappers Go?|access-date=March 16, 2021|website=NPR|date=March 4, 2014|last1=Nielson|first1=Erik}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Qoraaga ''[[Nylon]]'', Demicia Inman, ayaa sidoo kale ku amaantay Minaj saameynteeda taasoo &quot;u taagan tahay mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu guulaha badan qarniga&quot;, sidoo kale waxay sheegtay in Minaj &quot;ay la dagaalantay haweenka ka soo horjeeda iyo eexda warshadaha ee haweenka madow si ay u sawirto aqoonsigeeda iyo dhawaaq&quot; oo saameeyn ku yeelanaya shaqadeeda. &lt;ref name=&quot;NylonMagMinaj&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=10 YEARS AFTER 'PINK FRIDAY,' A LOOK AT NICKI MINAJ'S ENDURING LEGACY|url=https://www.nylon.com/entertainment/nicki-minaj-pink-friday|access-date=February 15, 2021|website=Nylon}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ComplexNM1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2020/11/nicki-minaj-pink-friday-10-year-anniversary|title=The Lasting Legacy of Nicki Minaj|access-date=May 1, 2021|website=Complex|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108175028/https://www.complex.com/music/2020/11/nicki-minaj-pink-friday-10-year-anniversary|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Best Rapper Alive, Every Year Since 1979|url=https://www.complex.com/music/the-best-rapper-alive-every-year-since-1979|access-date=2022-01-20|website=Complex|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2018-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203161718/http://www.complex.com/music/the-best-rapper-alive-every-year-since-1979|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Xusuusin ==
{{notelist}}

== Tixraac ==</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Liiska xisaabaadka TikTok ee inta badan la raaco</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="13645" sha1="nsubml2rv3ugjxk2lmez4kpaq13fens" xml:space="preserve">{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
[[File:Charli_and_Dixie_D'Amelio_on_being_bullied_online_-_UNICEF_-_HD.png|alt=|thumb|[[Charli D'Amelio]] (left) and her sister, [[Dixie D'Amelio]] (right), respectively are the 1st and 9th most-followed accounts on [[TikTok]].]]
Liiskani waxa uu ka kooban yahay 50-ka xisaab ee ugu sarreeya ee leh tirada ugu badan ee raacsan madal warbaahinta bulshada Shiinaha ee [[TikTok]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Top 50 Most Followed TikTok accounts in 2021 {{!}} Insiflow|url=https://insiflow.com/tiktok/top|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-02|website=Social Media Marketing &amp; Management Dashboard|language=en|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2 Bisha Lixaad 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215955/https://insiflow.com/tiktok/top|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; kaas oo markii hore lagu milmay [[musical.ly]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://mediakix.com/2019/02/tik-tok-creators-top-best/|title=Top 50 TikTok Creators to Start Following Now|date=15 February 2019|website=Mediakix {{!}} Influencer Marketing Agency|access-date=31 May 2019|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=31 Bisha Shanaad 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531150207/http://mediakix.com/2019/02/tik-tok-creators-top-best/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://neoreach.com/top-tik-tok-influencers/|title=Top 10 Tik Tok Influencers {{!}} NeoReach Blog {{!}} Influencer Marketing|date=19 December 2018|website=NeoReach {{!}} Influencer Marketing Platform|access-date=31 May 2019|archive-date=27 Bisha Tobnaad 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027213438/https://neoreach.com/top-tik-tok-influencers/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.techjunkie.com/most-popular-followers-tik-tok/|title=The 10 Most Famous Popular &amp; Followed Tik Tok Accounts – April 2019|date=29 April 2019|website=Tech Junkie|access-date=31 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ranker.com/list/best-musically-musers/youtuber|title=The Most Popular Musical.ly Musers|website=Ranker|access-date=31 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ttmetrics&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://ttmetrics.com/top100|title=Top 100 TikTok Users|website=TTMetrics|access-date=30 October 2019|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=30 Bisha Tobnaad 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030195602/https://ttmetrics.com/top100|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kuwa raacsan badan leh waa [[Charli D'Amelio]], oo leh ku dhawaad ​​130 milyan oo taageerayaal ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.tiktok.com/@charlidamelio?isUniqueId=true&amp;sec_uid=|title=charli d'amelio on TikTok|website=TikTok|language=en|access-date=25 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://tikrank.com/influencer/analysis-index|title=TikRank|date=11 March 2020|website=TikRank|access-date=11 March 2020|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=28 Bisha Tobnaad 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028003253/https://tikrank.com/influencer/analysis-index|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay dhaaftay akoonkii hore, [[Loren Gray]], 25kii Maarso 2020.

== Xisaabaadka inta badan la raaco ==
Jadwalkani waxa uu taxayaa 50-ka xisaabood ee ugu dabagalka badan ee TikTok, iyada oo taageere kastaa lagu soo koobay boqolka kun ee raacsan ee ugu dhow, iyo sidoo kale macluumaadka qaar sida dalka uu ka soo jeedo.&lt;ref name=&quot;ttmetrics2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Top 50 Most Followed TikTok accounts in 2021 {{!}} TikTokBlade|url=https://tiktokblade.com/tiktok/top|url-status=dead|access-date=2021-07-04|website=Social Media Marketing &amp; Management Dashboard|language=en|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2 Bisha Lixaad 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602212924/https://tiktokblade.com/tiktok/top|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Darajo
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Magaca isticmaale
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Milkiilaha
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Raacayaal&lt;ref name=&quot;SocialBlade&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Top 50 Most Followed TikTok Accounts (Sorted by Followers Count)|url=https://socialblade.com/tiktok/top/50/most-followers|access-date=4 July 2021|website=[[Social Blade]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;(milyan)
!Dalka
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |1
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@charlidamelio|@charlidamelio}}
|[[Charli D'Amelio]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |135.1
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |2
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@khaby.lame|@khaby.lame}}
|[[Khaby Lame|Khabane Lame]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |130.9
|{{Flag|Senegal}}{{Flag|Italy}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |3
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@bellapoarch|@bellapoarch}}
|[[Bella Poarch]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |87.8
|{{Flag|Philippines}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |4
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@addisonre|@addisonre}}
|[[Addison Rae]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |86.5
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |5
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@zachking|@zachking}}
|[[Zach King]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |67.1
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |6
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@willsmith|@willsmith}}
|[[Will Smith]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |65.4
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |7
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@tiktok|@tiktok}}
|[[TikTok]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |60.1
|{{Flag|China}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |8
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@kimberly.loaiza|@kimberly.loaiza}}
|[[Kimberly Loaiza]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |59
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |9
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@dixiedamelio|@dixiedamelio}}
|[[Dixie D'Amelio]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |56.9
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |10
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@cznburak|@cznburak}}
|[[CZN Burak|Burak Özdemir]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |55.9
|{{Flag|Turkey}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |11
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@spencerx|@spencerx}}
|[[Spencer Polanco Knight]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |55
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |12
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@lorengray|@lorengray}}
|[[Loren Gray]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |54.3
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |13
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@justmaiko|@justmaiko}}
|[[Michael Le]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |51.5
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |14
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@jasonderulo|@jasonderulo}}
|[[Jason Derulo]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |51.2
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |15
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@therock|@therock}}
|[[Dwayne Johnson|The Rock]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |49.4
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |16
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@domelipa|@domelipa}}
|[[Dominik Lipa]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |48.5
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |17
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@bts_official_bighit|@bts_official_bighit}}
|[[BTS]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |46
|{{Flag|South Korea}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |18
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@riyaz.14|@riyaz.14}}
|[[Riyaz Aly]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |44.6
|{{Flag|India}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |19
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@youneszarou|@youneszarou}}
|[[Younes Zarou]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |44.4
|{{Flag|Germany}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |20
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@kallmekris|@kallmekris}}
|[[Kris Collins]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |42.6
|{{Flag|Canada}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |21
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@brentrivera|@brentrivera}}
|[[Brent Rivera]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |42.3
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |22
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@billieeilish|@billieeilish}}
|[[Billie Eilish]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |41.5
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |23
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@junya1gou|@junya1gou}}
|[[Junya Gou]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |41.1
|{{Flag|Japan}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |24
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@itsjojosiwa|@itsjojosiwa}}
|[[JoJo Siwa]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |40.4
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |25
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@joealbanese|@joealbanese}}
|[[Joe Albanese]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |39.7
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |26
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@avani|@avani}}
|[[Avani Gregg]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |39.7
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |27
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@elrodcontreras|@elrodcontreras}}
|[[Rod Contreras]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |39.3
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |28
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@ox_zung|@ox_zung}}
|[[Won Jeong]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |39
|{{Flag|South Korea}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |29
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@kyliejenner|@kyliejenner}}
|[[Kylie Jenner]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |37.9
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |30
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@selenagomez|@selenagomez}}
|[[Selena Gomez]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |37.6
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |31
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@homm9k|@homm9k}}
|[[Alina Kim]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |37
|{{Flag|Kazakhstan}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |32
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@carlosferiag|@carlosferiag}}
|[[Carlos Feria]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |36.7
|{{Flag|Colombia}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |33
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@scottsreality|@scottsreality}}
|[[Scott Hentzepeter]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |36.5
|{{Flag|Netherlands}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |34
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@jamescharles|@jamescharles}}
|[[James Charles (Internet personality)|James Charles]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |35.8
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |35
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@babyariel|@babyariel}}
|[[Baby Ariel]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |35.6
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |36
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@gilmhercroes|@gilmhercroes}}
|[[Gilmher Croes]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |35
|{{Flag|Aruba}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |37
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@dobretwins|@dobretwins}}
|[[Lucas and Marcus]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |34.7
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |38
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@thekiryalife|@thekiryalife}}
|[[Kirya Kolesnikov]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |34.6
|{{Flag|Russia}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |39
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@ondymikula|@ondymikula}}
|[[Ondy Mikula]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |33.7
|{{Flag|Czech Republic}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |40
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@anokhinalz|@anokhinalz}}
|[[Liza Anokhina]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |33.3
|{{Flag|Russia}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |41
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@mrbeast|@mrbeast}}
|[[MrBeast]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |32.8
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |42
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@tuzelitydance|@tuzelitydance}}
|[[Tuzelity]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |32.7
|{{Flag|Russia}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |43
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@lilhuddy|@lilhuddy}}
|[[Lil Huddy|Chase Hudson]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |32.4
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |44
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@noahbeck|@noahbeck}}
|[[Noah Beck]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |32.3
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |45
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@mr_faisu_07|@mr_faisu_07}}
|Faisal Shaikh
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |32.2
|{{Flag|India}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |46
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@miakhalifa|@miakhalifa}}
|[[Mia Khalifa]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |31.8
|{{Flag|Lebanon}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |47
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@montpantoja|@montpantoja}}
|[[Paola Montserrat Pantoja Lizárraga]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |31.6
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |48
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@kylethomas|@kylethomas}}
|Kyle Thomas
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |31.6
|{{Flag|United Kingdom}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |49
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@stokestwins|@stokestwins}}
|[[The Stokes twins|Stokes Twins]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |31.4
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |50
|{{Plain link|https://www.tiktok.com/@wigofellas|@wigofellas}}
|[[Wigo Fellas]]
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |31.2
|{{Flag|United States}}
|-
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:8pt;&quot; |{{As of|2022|1|25|lc=y}}
|}

== Tixraacyo ==</text>
      <sha1>nsubml2rv3ugjxk2lmez4kpaq13fens</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Khloé Kardashian</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>35419</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311921</id>
      <parentid>309218</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T00:15:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="13530" sha1="8x97iy4ymti6r1covdph33x8r40rsf5" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Khloé Kardashian|image=Khloe Kardashian Glamour.png|caption=Kardashian Juun 2016|other names={{hlist|KOKO| Khloé Kardashian Odom||}}|birth_name=Khloe Alexandra Kardashian|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1984|06|27}}|birth_place=[[Los Angeles]], [[California]]|education=[[Dugsiga Sare Marymount]]|occupation=|years_active=2007–hada|spouse=[[Lamar Odom]] (2009–2016)|partner=[[Tristan Thompson]]&lt;br /&gt;(2016–2021)|children=2|parents={{Plainlist|
* [[Robert Kardashian]]
* [[Kris Jenner]]
}}|relatives=[[Qoyska Kardashian]]|website={{URL|khloewithak.com}}}}'''Khloé Alexandra Kardashian''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|l|oʊ|i}}; Juun 27, 1984) waa shakhsiyad warbaahin Maraykan ah, bulsho, iyo moodel. Tan iyo 2007, waxay la jishay qoyskeeda taxanaha telefishanka dhabta ah ''[[Keeping Up with the Kardashians]]''.

Kardashian waxay ku lug leedahay tafaariiqda iyo warshadaha moodada iyada oo ay weheliso walaasheed [[Kourtney Kardashian|Kourtney]] iyo [[Kim Kardashian|Kim]]. Waxay bilaabeen dhowr ururin dhar iyo udgoon, oo ay sii daayeen buugga ''[[Kardashian Konfidential]]'' ee 2010. Waxay jileen musalsalka telefishinka gaaban ee iyaga u gaarka ah, ''[[Dash Dolls]]'' (2015).

Ee 2016, Kardashian waxay martigelisay barnaamijkeeda hadalka, ''Kocktails with Khloé''. Waxay xiddigisay oo ay soo saartay taxanayaal dokumentiyo caafimaad iyo jir dhiska ah ''[[Revenge Body with Khloé Kardashian]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=November 11, 2016|title=How celebrities like Kim Kardashian are selling you ads and products|work=CBC News|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/marketplace-celebrity-endorsements-1.3841922|url-status=live|access-date=November 14, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010192114/http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/marketplace-celebrity-endorsements-1.3841922|archive-date=October 10, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolosha gaarka ah ==
[[File:Khloe_Kardashian_2009.jpg|thumb|Kardashian ee 2009]]
Kardashian waxay ku jirtay xiriirka ciyaaryahan kubbadda koleyga [[Rashad McCants]] ee 2008. Labadu waxay kala tageen todoba bilood ka dib dabayaaqadii Janaayo 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rashad McCants: I wouldn't have washed out of the NBA if I didn't date Khloe Kardashian|url=https://www.foxsports.com/stories/nba/rashad-mccants-i-wouldnt-have-washed-out-of-the-nba-if-i-didnt-date-khloe-kardashian|website=Fox Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Sebteembar 27, 2009, Kardashian waxay guursatay ciyaaryahan kubbadda koleyga [[Lamar Odom]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Khloe Kardashian Is Married!|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20308442,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/675TMSpjd?url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20308442,00.html|archive-date=April 21, 2012|access-date=September 28, 2009|publisher=People.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20310994,00.html Khloe Kardashian's Honeymoon Plans Still Up in the Air] {{Wayback|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20310994,00.html |date=20091010233907 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091010233907/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20310994,00.html|date=October 10, 2009}} people.com, October 8, 2009&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20307896,00.html Khloe and Lamar: Why the Rush to the Altar?&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20307896,00.html |date=20130313182221 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313182221/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20307896,00.html|date=March 13, 2013}}. ''People''. September 24, 2009. Retrieved January 20, 2013.&lt;/ref&gt; Kardashian waxay meesha ka saartay magaceeda dhexe waxayna qaadatay magaca ninkeeda, waxayna noqotay Khloé Kardashian Odom.&lt;ref name=&quot;about1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ivillage.com&quot; /&gt;

Diseembar 13, 2013, ka dib bilo kala goyn la isla dhexmarayey, Kardashian waxay dalbatay furiin Odom iyo dib u soo celinta sharciyeed ee magaceeda dambe.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=December 13, 2013|title=Khloe Kardashian filing for divorce from Lamar Odom, reports say|publisher=[[Fox News]]|url=http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2013/12/13/khloe-kardashian-filing-for-divorce-from-lamar-odom-reports-say/|url-status=dead|access-date=December 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214072604/http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2013/12/13/khloe-kardashian-filing-for-divorce-from-lamar-odom-reports-say/|archive-date=December 14, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Labada dhinacba waxay saxeexeen warqadaha furiinka bishii Luulyo 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Harrison|first=Lily|date=October 13, 2015|title=Khloé Kardashian ''Has Been Worried'' About Lamar Odom, Family Source Says Hospitalization ''Isn't Shocking''|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/706259/khloe-kardashian-has-been-worried-about-lamar-odom-family-source-says-hospitalization-isn-t-shocking|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015052001/http://www.eonline.com/news/706259/khloe-kardashian-has-been-worried-about-lamar-odom-family-source-says-hospitalization-isn-t-shocking|archive-date=October 15, 2015|access-date=October 14, 2015|website=E! Online}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=October 13, 2015|title=TMZ: Lamar Odom Found Unconscious After Partying At Brothel In Nevada|url=http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2015/10/13/tmz-lamar-odom-being-treated-after-being-found-unconscious-in-nevada/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151014162327/http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2015/10/13/tmz-lamar-odom-being-treated-after-being-found-unconscious-in-nevada/|archive-date=October 14, 2015|access-date=October 14, 2015|website=losangeles.cbslocal.com|publisher=CBS Los Angeles}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=July 21, 2015|title=Khloe Kardashian, Lamar Odom Finally Sign Divorce Papers Two Years After Split|url=http://m.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/khloe-kardashian-lamar-odom-sign-divorce-papers-two-years-after-split-2015217|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017002718/http://m.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/khloe-kardashian-lamar-odom-sign-divorce-papers-two-years-after-split-2015217|archive-date=October 17, 2015|access-date=October 14, 2015|website=Us Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt; Furriinka ayaa weli ogolaansho kama dambeys ah ka helin garsooraha&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=Kyung Lah|last2=Eliott C. McLaughlin|last3=Steve Almasy|title=Lamar Odom used cocaine, brothel workers say|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/14/us/lamar-odom-condition/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170529123040/http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/14/us/lamar-odom-condition/index.html|archive-date=May 29, 2017|access-date=May 9, 2017|website=CNN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Lamar Odom's spiral leaves ex-NBA star fighting for his life|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/basketball/ct-lamar-odom-hospitalized-20151014-story.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420233617/http://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/basketball/ct-lamar-odom-hospitalized-20151014-story.html|archive-date=April 20, 2017|access-date=May 9, 2017|website=Chicago Tribune}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Oktoobar 2015, markii Odom la dhigay isbitaal ka dib markii laga helay isagoo miyir daboolan oo ku yaal Nevada. Afar maalmood ayuu koomo ku jiray; markii uu jiifay cisbitaal, Kardashian way la laabatay codsigeedii furriinka ee la sugayay.&lt;ref name=&quot;on_hold&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Grinberg|first=Emanuella|date=October 21, 2015|title=Khloe Kardashian and Lamar Odom put divorce on hold|work=[[CNN]]|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/21/entertainment/khloe-kardashian-lamar-odom-feat/|url-status=live|access-date=October 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151025203417/http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/21/entertainment/khloe-kardashian-lamar-odom-feat/|archive-date=October 25, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;granted&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Winton|first=Richard|date=October 21, 2015|title=Lamar Odom and Khloe Kardashian call off divorce after near-tragedy at brothel|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-lamar-odom-khloe-kardashian-divorce-20151021-story.html#navtype=blogroll|url-status=live|access-date=October 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151021221823/http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-lamar-odom-khloe-kardashian-divorce-20151021-story.html#navtype=blogroll|archive-date=October 21, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Furiinka Kardashian iyo Odom ayaa la soo gabagabeeyay bishii Diseembar 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Andreas|first=Preuss|title=Khloe Kardashian, Lamar Odom divorce finalized|url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/10/entertainment/kardashian-odom-divorce-finalized-trnd/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215035332/http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/10/entertainment/kardashian-odom-divorce-finalized-trnd/index.html|archive-date=December 15, 2016|access-date=May 9, 2017|website=CNN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kardashian waxay bilawday shukaansiga kubbadda kolayga [[Tristan Thompson]] sanadkii 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-02-04|title=Back On! Khloe Kardashian, Tristan Thompson's Relationship Timeline|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/pictures/khloe-kardashian-and-tristan-thompsons-relationship-timeline-w505561/|access-date=2021-05-07|website=Us Weekly|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Marcus|first=Stephanie|date=March 17, 2017|title=Can The Kardashians Survive In The Trump Era?|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/can-the-kardashians-survive-in-the-trump-era_us_58c96d91e4b0934e249cc190|access-date=May 9, 2017|website=Huffington Post}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kardashian waxay dhashay gabadh, True Thompson, Abriil 12, 2018, iyada oo uu jiro muran ka dib markii Thompson lagu helay inuu khiyaameeyay Kardashian intii ay uurka lahayd.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=April 16, 2018|title=Khloé Kardashian Shares Daughter's Name Days After Birth Amid Cheating Scandal|work=People|url=https://www.people.com/babies/khloe-kardashian-reveals-daughter-name-true/amp/|url-status=live|access-date=April 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416224115/http://people.com/babies/khloe-kardashian-reveals-daughter-name-true/amp/|archive-date=April 16, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=April 16, 2018|title=Khloe Lardashian Names Daughter True Thompson|work=US Magazine|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/khloe-kardashian-names-daughter-true-thompson/|url-status=live|access-date=April 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417023838/https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/khloe-kardashian-names-daughter-true-thompson/amp/|archive-date=April 17, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=April 12, 2018|title=Khloé Kardashian welcomes baby girl|work=CNN.com|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/12/entertainment/khloe-kardashian-baby/index.html|url-status=live|access-date=April 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412205423/https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/12/entertainment/khloe-kardashian-baby/index.html|archive-date=April 12, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=April 12, 2018|title=Khloe Kardashian's Family Reacts to Birth as Her and Tristan Thompson's Baby Girl|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/926981/khloe-kardashian-s-family-reacts-to-birth-of-her-and-tristan-thompson-s-baby-girl|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413004042/http://www.eonline.com/news/926981/khloe-kardashian-s-family-reacts-to-birth-of-her-and-tristan-thompson-s-baby-girl|archive-date=April 13, 2018|access-date=April 12, 2018|website=eonline.com|publisher=E!}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Febraayo 2019, Kardashian iyo Thompson way kala tageen ka dib markii la ogaaday in Thompson uu khiyaameeyay Kardashian [[Jordyn Woods]], saaxiibta ugu fiican walaasheed ka yar [[Kylie Jenner]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=February 20, 2019|title=How Khloe Kardashian Found Out the Truth About Tristan Thompson: Inside The Days Leading to Their Breakup|url=https://www.eonline.com/news/1016623/how-khloe-kardashian-found-out-the-truth-about-tristan-thompson-inside-the-days-leading-to-their-breakup/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221124529/https://www.eonline.com/news/1016623/how-khloe-kardashian-found-out-the-truth-about-tristan-thompson-inside-the-days-leading-to-their-breakup|archive-date=February 21, 2019|access-date=February 21, 2019|website=eonline.com|publisher=E!}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=February 20, 2019|title=Jordyn Woods Moving Out of Kylie Jenner's House: Source|work=People|url=https://people.com/tv/jordyn-woods-moving-out-kylie-jenner-house-tristan-thompson-cheating-allegations/|url-status=live|access-date=February 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221134049/https://people.com/tv/jordyn-woods-moving-out-kylie-jenner-house-tristan-thompson-cheating-allegations/|archive-date=February 21, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Ogosto 2020, waxay dib u bilaabeen xiriirkooda ka dib markii ay wada karantiileen intii lagu jiray masiibada COVID-19.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://people.com/tv/khloe-kardashian-tristan-thompson-timeline/|title=A Definitive Timeline of Khloé Kardashian &amp; Tristan Thompson's Romance|magazine=People|publisher=Meredith Corproation|date=March 15, 2021|last1=Pearl|first1=Diana|last2=Cho|first2=Diane}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Juun 2021, waxaa la sheegay inay mar kale kala tageen.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=Bacardi|first1=Francesca|last2=Bitsky|first2=Leah|date=2021-06-21|title=Khloé Kardashian and Tristan Thompson break up again|url=https://pagesix.com/2021/06/21/khloe-kardashian-and-tristan-thompson-break-up-again/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Page Six|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraac ==</text>
      <sha1>8x97iy4ymti6r1covdph33x8r40rsf5</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Meghan, Duchess ee Sussex</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>35428</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311957</id>
      <parentid>230138</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T01:01:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311957</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7748" sha1="iwybp26h0izzmforr6kct1vyayhvkyb" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty|name=Meghan|title=[[Duke ee Sussex|Duchess ee Sussex]]|image=Meghan Markle on Christmas Day 2017 (cropped).jpg|caption=Markle ee 2017|birth_name=Rachel Meghan Markle|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1981|8|4}}|birth_place=Isbitaalka West Park, [[Canoga Park, Los Angeles]], California|spouses=[[Trevor Engelson]] (2011–2013)&lt;br&gt; [[Amiir Harry, Duke ee Sussex]] (2018–hada)|issue={{Plainlist|
* [[Archie Mountbatten-Windsor]]
* [[Lilibet Mountbatten-Windsor]]
}}|house=|father=[[Thomas Markle Sr.]]|mother=[[Doria Ragland]]}}'''Meghan, Duchess ee Sussex''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɛ|ɡ|ən}}; dhashay '''Rachel Meghan Markle'''; Agoosto 4, 1981), waa xubin Maraykan ah oo ka tirsan [[qoyska boqortooyada Ingiriiska]] iyo atariisho hore.

Markle waxay ku dhalatay kuna kortay [[Los Angeles]], [[Kalifornia|California]]. Xirfadeeda jilitaanku waxay bilaabatay intii ay ku jirtay [[Jaamacadda Northwestern]]. Doorkeedii ugu dambeeyay uguna muhiimsanaa shaashadda waxay ahayd tii Rachel Zane todobada xilli (2011–2018) ee taxanaha TV-ga Mareykanka ''[[Suits]]''. Waxay sidoo kale horumarisay joogitaanka baraha bulshada. Tan waxaa ku jiray ''The Tig'' (2014-2017) [[blog]] oo qaab nololeedka kaas oo aqoonsi u helay dareenkeeda moodada oo horseeday abuurista iyo sii deynta laba khad dhar ah 2015-2016. ''The Tig'', Markle waxa ay ka qayb qaadatay hawlaha samafal ee diiradda saaraya [[Dumarnimo|arrimaha haweenka]] iyo caddaaladda bulshada.

== Nolosha gaarka ah ==
[[File:Harry_and_Meghan_on_Christmas_Day_2017_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Markle and Prince Harry on Christmas Day 2017]]
Bishii Luulyo 2016, Markle waxay xiriir la bilowday [[Amiir Harry]],&lt;ref name=&quot;Cambridge&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/11/26/duke-cambridge-approved-prince-harrys-plea-trolls-leave-meghan/|title=The Duke of Cambridge approved Prince Harry's plea to trolls to leave Meghan Markle alone|first=Gordon|last=Rayner|website=The Daily Telegraph|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912063947/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/11/26/duke-cambridge-approved-prince-harrys-plea-trolls-leave-meghan/|archive-date=September 12, 2017|url-status=live|access-date=September 5, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/11/27/harry-meghan-blind-date-engagement-words/|title=Prince Harry and Meghan Markle engaged: 'She didn't even let me finish!' Couple describe 'sweet, natural and very romantic' proposal|last=Furness|first=Hannah|date=November 27, 2017|work=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=November 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171127233239/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/11/27/harry-meghan-blind-date-engagement-words/|archive-date=November 27, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ina [[Elizabeth II|boqorad Elizabeth II]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.royal.uk/statement-communications-secretary-prince-harry|title=A Statement by the Communications Secretary to Prince Harry|last=Vallance|first=Adam|date=November 8, 2016|publisher=The Royal Family|access-date=September 26, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927052849/https://www.royal.uk/statement-communications-secretary-prince-harry|archive-date=September 27, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian on smear&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/nov/08/prince-harry-lambasts-press-over-meghan-markle-coverage|title=Prince Harry attacks press over 'wave of abuse' of girlfriend Meghan Markle|work=The Guardian|first1=Robert|last1=Booth|author2=Lisa O'Carroll|date=November 8, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907173906/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/nov/08/prince-harry-lambasts-press-over-meghan-markle-coverage|archive-date=September 7, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Guurka Amiir Harry ===
{{See also|Arooska Amiir Harry iyo Meghan Markle|Dharka arooska Meghan Markle}}
Ballanqaadka Meghan Markle iyo Amiir Harry waxaa ku dhawaaqay Noofambar 27, 2017, Harry aabihiis [[Charles, Amiirka Wales]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Prince Harry and Ms. Meghan Markle are engaged to be married|url=https://www.royal.uk/prince-harry-and-ms-meghan-markle-are-engaged-be-married|website=royal.gov.uk|publisher=The Official Website of the British Royal Family|access-date=August 15, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ku dhawaaqista ayaa si xamaasad leh loogu soo dhaweeyay warbaahinta Ingiriiska, waxayna keentay guud ahaan faallooyin togan oo ku saabsan in la helo qof isku-dhafan oo ka tirsan qoyska boqortooyada,&lt;ref name=&quot;race&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/life/meghan-markle-has-already-changed-way-think-race/|title=Meghan Markle has already changed the way we think about race|first=Sunder|last=Katwala|date=May 25, 2018|access-date=July 12, 2018|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713123438/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/life/meghan-markle-has-already-changed-way-think-race/|archive-date=July 13, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; gaar ahaan marka la eego wadamada Barwaaqo-sooranka ee leh dadyawga isku dhaf ah ama abtirsiinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Grigoriadis|first1=Vanessa|title=Inside the Markle Family Breakdown|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2018/12/inside-the-meghan-markle-family-breakdown-thomas-samantha-markle|date=December 19, 2018|access-date=October 24, 2020|publisher=Vanity Fair}}&lt;/ref&gt; Markle ayaa ku dhawaaqday inay ka fariisan doonto jilista,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Falzone|first1=Diana|title=Meghan Markle will quit acting following engagement to Prince Harry|url=http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2017/11/27/meghan-markle-will-quit-acting-following-engagement-to-prince-harry-royal-experts-say.html|access-date=November 27, 2017|work=[[Fox News]] Channel|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171127170734/http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2017/11/27/meghan-markle-will-quit-acting-following-engagement-to-prince-harry-royal-experts-say.html|archive-date=November 27, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-44168082|title=Prince Charles to walk Meghan down the aisle|date=May 18, 2018|work=BBC News|access-date=July 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180824025732/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-44168082|archive-date=August 24, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo rabitaankeeda ah inay noqoto muwaadin British ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;citizen&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-42169602|title=How will Meghan Markle become a British citizen?|work=BBC News|date=December 1, 2017|access-date=July 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703102845/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-42169602|archive-date=July 3, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Xafladda guurka ayaa lagu qabtay Maajo 19-keedii [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/05/18/st-georges-chapel-inside-windsor-castle-venue-tomorrows-royal/|title=St George's Chapel: Inside the Windsor Castle venue for tomorrow's royal wedding|last=Vickers|first=Hugo|date=May 18, 2018|work=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=May 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518065407/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/05/18/st-georges-chapel-inside-windsor-castle-venue-tomorrows-royal/|archive-date=May 18, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Dharka arooska Meghan Markle|Dharka arooskeeda]] waxaa naqshadeeyay naqshadeeye Ingiriis ah [[Clare Waight Keller]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Samaha|first=Barry|date=April 23, 2020|title=Clare Waight Keller Reminisces About Designing Meghan Markle's Wedding Dress|url=https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/designers/a32254729/clare-waight-keller-meghan-markle-wedding-dress-anniversary/|magazine=Harper's Bazaar|access-date=April 25, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyo ==</text>
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    <title>Park Si-eun</title>
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|High Up (2020–hada)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://entertain.v.daum.net/v/20191220123054317|title=하이업엔터 측 &quot;박시은, 당사 소속이지만 전속계약은 NO&quot;(공식입장)|website=Daum|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}|parents=Park Nam-jung&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/amp/201904293229H|title=박시은 누구길래? 아빠 박남정 끼 쏙 빼닮은 연기자|website=Hankyung Ilbo|language=ko|access-date=2022-02-13|archive-date=2023-04-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421213144/https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/amp/201904293229H|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;|module={{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| genre             = {{hlist|[[K-pop]]}}
| years_active      = 2020–hada
| instrument = cod
| label             = {{hlist|High Up Entertainment}}
| associated_acts   = {{hlist|[[STAYC]]}}
| website           =
}}|module2=}}

'''Park Si-eun''' ({{ko-hhrm|박시은}}; born August 1, 2001) waa heesaa iyo atariisho u dhalatay Koonfur Kuuriya.

Ka dib markii ay ka soo baxday iyada oo ah jilaa caruur ah 2014, waxay jishay dhowr taxane oo telefishan ah iyo filimaan. Labaduba waxay ahayd jilaa iyo tababare gudaha [[JYP Entertainment]], laakiin waxay ka tagtay shirkadda 2019 ka dib markii JYP Actors ay noqdeen kuwo maqan. Ka dib markii ay la saxiixatay [[High Up Entertainment]] bishii Diseembar 2019, waxay uga doodday xubin ka mid ah kooxda gabdhaha [[STAYC]] bishii Noofambar 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=609&amp;aid=0000336955|title=하이업걸즈 측 &quot;박남정 딸 박시은 걸그룹 6인조 확정, 11월 데뷔&quot;(공식)|language=ko|trans-title=High-Up Girls share, Park Nam-jung's daughter Park Si-eun's 6-member girl group confirmed, to debut in November|last=Hwang|first=Hye-jin|date=October 8, 2020|website=[[Naver]]|access-date=October 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.topdaily.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=77792|title='블랙아이드필승 걸그룹' STAYC, 시은·아이사 데뷔 프롤로그 공개|language=ko|trans-title=Black-Eyed Pilseung's Group STAYC introduces debut videos for Sieun and Isa|date=October 13, 2020|website=Top Daily|access-date=October 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyada waa gabadha{{Interlanguage link|Park Nam-jung|ko|박남정}}, mid ka mid ah fannaaniintii ugu caansanaa Koonfur Kuuriya sannadihii 1980-aadkii.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/amp/201904293229H|title=박시은 누구길래? 아빠 박남정 끼 쏙 빼닮은 연기자|date=April 29, 2019|website=Hankyung Ilbo|access-date=August 19, 2021|language=ko|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 21, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421213144/https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/amp/201904293229H|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraac ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Dad nool]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]
[[Category:Idolyasha dhedig Koonfur Kuuriya]]</text>
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      <comment>removed AMP tracking from URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|details]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|report error]]) v3.1.1s</comment>
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      <text bytes="3612" sha1="0w9z6q7narrm8dcou1wyjy8h9p7eae7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Park Si-eun|image=|image_upright=1.15|landscape=haa|caption=Park Si-eun ee 2020|birth_date={{birth date and age|2001|8|1}}|birth_place=[[Seoul]], Koonfur Kuuriya|education=|occupation={{hlist|[[K-pop idol|Idol]]|atariisho}}|yearsactive=2013-present&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://m.edaily.co.kr/news/Read?newsId=01193926602676736&amp;mediaCodeNo=258|title='박남정 딸' 박시은, 예능 데뷔..외모·노래실력 '주목'|website=E-Daily|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;|agent={{ubl|Fe (2014–2016)|[[JYP Entertainment|JYP]] (2017–2019)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.joongang.co.kr/article/21140363#home|title=박남정 딸 박시은, JYP 전속계약…&quot;연예 활동에 지원 아끼지 않을 방침&quot;|work=Joongang|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|High Up (2020–hada)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://entertain.v.daum.net/v/20191220123054317|title=하이업엔터 측 &quot;박시은, 당사 소속이지만 전속계약은 NO&quot;(공식입장)|website=Daum|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}|parents=Park Nam-jung&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hankyung.com/article/201904293229H|title=박시은 누구길래? 아빠 박남정 끼 쏙 빼닮은 연기자|website=Hankyung Ilbo|language=ko|access-date=2022-02-13|archive-date=2023-04-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421213144/https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/amp/201904293229H|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;|module={{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| genre             = {{hlist|[[K-pop]]}}
| years_active      = 2020–hada
| instrument = cod
| label             = {{hlist|High Up Entertainment}}
| associated_acts   = {{hlist|[[STAYC]]}}
| website           =
}}|module2=}}

'''Park Si-eun''' ({{ko-hhrm|박시은}}; born August 1, 2001) waa heesaa iyo atariisho u dhalatay Koonfur Kuuriya.

Ka dib markii ay ka soo baxday iyada oo ah jilaa caruur ah 2014, waxay jishay dhowr taxane oo telefishan ah iyo filimaan. Labaduba waxay ahayd jilaa iyo tababare gudaha [[JYP Entertainment]], laakiin waxay ka tagtay shirkadda 2019 ka dib markii JYP Actors ay noqdeen kuwo maqan. Ka dib markii ay la saxiixatay [[High Up Entertainment]] bishii Diseembar 2019, waxay uga doodday xubin ka mid ah kooxda gabdhaha [[STAYC]] bishii Noofambar 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=609&amp;aid=0000336955|title=하이업걸즈 측 &quot;박남정 딸 박시은 걸그룹 6인조 확정, 11월 데뷔&quot;(공식)|language=ko|trans-title=High-Up Girls share, Park Nam-jung's daughter Park Si-eun's 6-member girl group confirmed, to debut in November|last=Hwang|first=Hye-jin|date=October 8, 2020|website=[[Naver]]|access-date=October 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.topdaily.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=77792|title='블랙아이드필승 걸그룹' STAYC, 시은·아이사 데뷔 프롤로그 공개|language=ko|trans-title=Black-Eyed Pilseung's Group STAYC introduces debut videos for Sieun and Isa|date=October 13, 2020|website=Top Daily|access-date=October 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyada waa gabadha{{Interlanguage link|Park Nam-jung|ko|박남정}}, mid ka mid ah fannaaniintii ugu caansanaa Koonfur Kuuriya sannadihii 1980-aadkii.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hankyung.com/article/201904293229H|title=박시은 누구길래? 아빠 박남정 끼 쏙 빼닮은 연기자|date=April 29, 2019|website=Hankyung Ilbo|access-date=August 19, 2021|language=ko|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 21, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421213144/https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/amp/201904293229H|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraac ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Dad nool]]
[[Category:Fannaaniinta K-pop]]
[[Category:Idolyasha dhedig Koonfur Kuuriya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Hyuna</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="37523" sha1="d7ilhgahsgu4f9khksjk8yflbl6c86u" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=HyunA|image=Hyuna during the event &quot;M.A.C x ELLE - National Lipstick Day - Ruby Woo&quot; on July 29, 2018 02.png|image caption=Hyuna ee 2018|birth_date={{birth date and age|1992|06|6|}}|birth_place=[[Seoul]], [[Koonfur Kuuriya]]|education=Konkuk University|occupation=Fannan|module={{Infobox musical artist
|embed=yes
| genre           = [[K-pop]]
| instrument      = Cod
| years_active    = 2006–hada
| label           =[[JYP Entertainment|JYP]]&lt;br&gt;[[Cube Entertainment|Cube]]&lt;br&gt;P Nation
| associated_acts = [[4Minute]]&lt;br&gt;[[Dawn]]&lt;br&gt;[[Dazzling Red]]&lt;br&gt;[[JYP Entertainment|JYP Nation]]&lt;br&gt;[[PSY]]&lt;br&gt;[[Triple H]]&lt;br&gt;[[Trouble Maker]]&lt;br&gt;United Cube&lt;br&gt;[[Wonder Girls]]
| website = 
}}}}

'''Kim Hyun-ah''' (dhashay Juun 6, 1992), oo ay si fiican u garaneyso hal-ku-dhigga '''Hyuna''', waa  fanaand Koonfur Kuuriya iyo moodel. Waxay ka soo muuqatay xubin ka mid ah kooxda gabdhaha [[Wonder Girls]] bishii Febraayo 2007. Markii ay ka tagtay kooxdii wax yar ka dib, Hyuna waxay markii dambe ka tagtay [[JYP Entertainment]] waxayna ku biirtay kooxda gabdhaha [[4Minute]], oo hoos timaada [[Cube Entertainment]]. 4Minute ayaa mid ka mid ah kooxaha gabdhaha ugu caansan dalka. Sannadkii 2010, Hyuna waxay ku bilaabatay xirfad keli ah qaab ay ku tilmaamtay inay tahay &quot;muusig ku wajahan waxqabadka&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.interviewmagazine.com/music/hey-sexy-lady-hyuna-k-pops-gangnam-girl/ HEY, SEXY LADY: HYUNA, KPOP'S GANGNAM GIRL]&lt;/ref&gt; Heesteedii ugu horreysay &quot;[[Change]]&quot; ayaa lagu calaamadeeyay nambarka-labo ee Koonfur Kuuriya.

Sannadkii 2011, Hyuna waxay heshay aqoonsi ballaadhan oo dadweyne iyadoo la sii daayay albumkeedii ugu horreeyay ee ''[[Bubble Pop!]]'', Heesta hogaaminta albumka ee isla magaca ayaa iibisay in ka badan seddex milyan oo nuqul oo dijitaal ah Hyuna waxay noqotay haweeneydii ugu horreysay ee K-pop farshaxan ah oo gaarta 100 milyan ee [[Youtube|YouTube]]. Dabayaaqadii isla sannadkaas, waxay la samaysay labada dhibo [[Trouble Maker]] ah fanaanka Hyunseung, waxay sii daayeen heestii guuleysatay guuleysatay &quot;[[Trouble Maker]]&quot;.  Sannadkii 2012, waxay ka soo muuqatay heestii guulaysatay ee adduunka oo leh [[PSY|Psy]], &quot;[[Gangnam Style]]&quot; oo markii dambena soo saartay albumkeedii labaad ee ''[[Melting]]'', kaas oo ka soo muuqday lambar-koobaad &quot;[[Ice Cream (hees)|Ice Cream]]&quot;.  Labadeeda album ol soo socda [[A Talk|''A Talk'']] iyo ''[[A+]]'' waxay leeyihiin hees guuleysta &quot;[[Red]]&quot; iyo &quot;[[Roll Deep]]&quot;, siday u kala horreeyaan. Markii lakala diray 4Minute badhtamihii 2016, waxay soo saartay albamkeedii shanaad ''[[A'wesome]].''

Ee 2018, Hyuna waxay joojisay qandaraaskeedii Cube Entertainment kadib dhowr khilaafaad gudaha ah, waxayna la saxiixatay [[P Nation]] sanadka soo socda. Heesteedii ugu horreysay ee hoos timaadda P Nation waxay ahayd &quot;[[Flower Shower]]&quot;. Sannadkii 2021, Hyuna waxay soo saartay albumkeedii toddobaad  [[I'm Not Cool|''I'm Not Cool'']].

== Shaqo ==

=== 1992–2009: Nolosha hore iyo bilawga shaqada ===
{{main|Wonder Girls|4Minute}}Hyuna waxay dhashay Juun 6, 1992&lt;ref name=&quot;Russell2014&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Russell|first=Mark|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=etDZAwAAQBAJ|title=K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution|date=April 29, 2014|work=Tuttle Publishing|isbn=978-1-4629-1411-1|page=85|access-date=October 30, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160527064350/https://books.google.com/books?id=etDZAwAAQBAJ|archive-date=May 27, 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ee [[Seoul]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite episode|first=Jianheng Ken (host)|last=Wu|title=娛樂E世代 (Entertainment E Generation)|series=中廣流行網 (BCC I Like Radio)|network=[[Broadcasting Corporation of China|BCC]]|date=January 22, 2010|language=zh|location=Taiwan|minutes=40:21}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;name&quot;&gt;{{cite episode|first=Jianheng Ken (host)|last=Wu|title=娛樂E世代 (Entertainment E Generation)|series=中廣流行網 (BCC I Like Radio)|network=[[Broadcasting Corporation of China|BCC]]|date=January 22, 2010|language=zh|location=Taiwan|minutes=40:21}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay dhigatay Dugsiga Dhexe Choongam iyo [[Dugsiga Sare Muusiga iyo Farshaxanka Kuuriya]]. Hyuna waxay ka qalin jabisay [[Jaamacada Konkuk]], dhanka fanka casriga ah, waxayna heshay ogolaansho gaar ah dugsiga.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2011/07/135_91131.html|title=K-pop stars scholarships irk students|date=July 18, 2011|work=The Korea Times|access-date=July 20, 2011|archive-date=May 13, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513073808/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2011/07/135_91131.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2006, waxaa la shaaciyay inay xubin ka tahay kooxda gabdhaha [[Wonder Girls]]. Hyuna waxa ay ka qayb qaadatay albamka yar ee kooxda ee ''The Wonder Begins'', oo la sii daayay Febraayo 2007.&lt;ref name=&quot;WG/IRONY&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.mydaily.co.kr/news/read.html?newsid=200702132122211130|script-title=ko:원더걸스, 첫 쇼케이스서 '열정의 신고식'|date=February 13, 2009|publisher=My Daily|access-date=January 10, 2010|language=ko|archive-date=July 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702113312/http://www.mydaily.co.kr/news/read.html?newsid=200702132122211130|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay ka qayb qaadatay barnaamijka telefishinka kooxda ee ''[[MTV Wonder Girls]]'' laba xilli, oo ay martigelisay ''[[Show! Music Core]]''. Hyuna waxay ka tagtay Wonder Girls bishii Luulyo, markii ay waalidkeed ka saareen walaac ay ka qabeen caafimaadkeeda.&lt;ref name=&quot;sanfran&quot;&gt;Yang, Jeff. [http://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/ASIAN-POP-Next-stop-Wonderland-2493471.php Asian Pop: Next stop, Wonderland] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704230440/http://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/ASIAN-POP-Next-stop-Wonderland-2493471.php|date=July 4, 2017}}. ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]''. April 9, 2008. Retrieved March 2, 2009.&lt;/ref&gt; 2008, waxay ku biirtay [[Cube Entertainment]]. Bishii Maajo 2009, ayaa lagu dhawaaqay in Hyuna ay noqon doonto xubin ka mid ah kooxda gabdhaha [[4Minute]].&lt;ref name=&quot;JYP/CUBE&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://ent.sina.com.cn/x/2009-01-04/13482327308.shtml|title=Wondergirls前成员贤雅回归歌谣届|publisher=Sina|access-date=January 10, 2010|language=zh|archive-date=May 6, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506021712/http://ent.sina.com.cn/x/2009-01-04/13482327308.shtml|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;teaser&quot;&gt;{{cite web|script-title=ko:현아그룹 포미닛 실루엣 티저-홈피 공개 화제폭발 '서버 마비'|trans-title=4minute Teaser Released|work=Newsen|url=http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=200906111420161002|access-date=January 10, 2010|language=ko|archive-date=June 23, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090623174306/http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=200906111420161002|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;debut&quot;&gt;{{in lang|ko}} Kim, Hyeon-wu.[http://article.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=3651163&amp;ctg=15 데뷔 하루 앞둔 포미닛 &quot;라이브 걱정없어, 실력으로 승부하겠다&quot; (&quot;Morning Before Debut, 4minute States &quot;We Do Not Worry About Live Performance; We Will Win Through Talent&quot;)] {{Wayback|url=http://article.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=3651163&amp;ctg=15|date=20141023125923}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023125923/http://article.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=3651163&amp;ctg=15|date=October 23, 2014}}. ''[[JoongAng Ilbo|Joins.com]]''. June 17, 2009. Retrieved January 10, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2009–2010: Heesta ugu horeesay ===
[[File:HyunA_in_2011_May3.jpg|thumb|Hyuna ee Maajo 2011]]
Hyuna waxay la kaashatay Lee Gi-kwang heesta &quot;2009&quot; ee albamkiisii ​​ugu horeeyay ''First Episode: A New Hero.''  Waxay noqotay qayb ka mid ah &quot;Dream Team Girl Group,&quot; koox xayeysiin u ah [[Samsung]] oo garab socda [[Han Seung-yeon]], [[Uee]], iyo [[Gain]].&lt;ref&gt;https://omonatheydidnt.livejournal.com/1757819.html&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://cm.asiae.co.kr/ampview.htm?no=2009100716172378269{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Heestoodii ugu horeysay ee &quot;Tomorrow&quot; waxay soo baxday Oktoobar 6, 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{in lang|ko}} [http://article.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=3819551&amp;ctg=15 복받은 이동건, 가인-한승연-유이-현아와 무슨관계? ‘4투모로우 뮤비 출연’ (&quot;Lucky Lee Dong-gun, What Connection with Gain-Han Seungyeon-Uee-Hyuna? 4 Tomorrow Music Video Participation&quot;)] {{Wayback|url=http://article.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=3819551&amp;ctg=15|date=20140726014629}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726014629/http://article.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=3819551&amp;ctg=15|date=July 26, 2014}}. ''[[JoongAng Ilbo|Joins.com]]''. October 12, 2009. Retrieved January 16, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/2281/the-issue-makers-trouble-maker|title=The Issue Makers, Trouble Maker|date=December 22, 2011|work=enewsWorld|access-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827084239/http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/2281/the-issue-makers-trouble-maker|archive-date=August 27, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Janaayo 4, 2010, waxay soo saartay heesta &quot;[[Change]]&quot;, taas oo si heer sare ah oo guuleystay.&lt;ref name=&quot;change&quot;&gt;{{in lang|ko}} [http://article.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=3955534&amp;ctg=15 ''‘솔로’ 현아, 음원 랭킹 상위권… 화제의 검색어 1위'' (&quot;Solo&quot; Hyun-a, Top Ranked Song...#1 Search Term)] {{Wayback|url=http://article.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=3955534&amp;ctg=15|date=20140726015433}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726015433/http://article.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=3955534&amp;ctg=15|date=July 26, 2014}}. ''[[JoongAng Ilbo|Joins.com]]''. January 6, 2010. Retrieved January 10, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;change2&quot;&gt;{{in lang|ko}} Kim, Hyeong-wu. [http://article.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=3961154&amp;ctg=15 ‘섹시 고딩’ 현아 ‘명품 복근 댄스’ 주말 내내 가요계 강타 (&quot;Sexy High School Student&quot; Hyun-a's &quot;Luxury Muscle Dance&quot; Throws Hefty Punch at Pop Music)] {{Wayback|url=http://article.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=3961154&amp;ctg=15|date=20140726023123}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726023123/http://article.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=3961154&amp;ctg=15|date=July 26, 2014}}. ''[[JoongAng Ilbo|Joins.com]]''. January 10, 2010. Retrieved January 10, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hypemy&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=GDA Artiste Profile: HyunA|work=Hype Malaysia|date=Dec 19, 2012|url=http://hype.my/events/gda-artiste-profile-hyuna/|access-date=July 16, 2014|archive-date=January 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103073640/http://hype.my/events/gda-artiste-profile-hyuna/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Toban maalmood ka dib, Janaayo 14, muuqaalka muusiga &quot;Change&quot; waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay 19+ qiimeyn ay bixisay Wasaaradda Sinnaanta Jinsiga iyo Qoyska inay tahay mid aan ku habboonayn carruurta aan qaan-gaarin. Cube Entertainment ayaa sheegtay in muuqaalka muusiga dib loo tafatiran doono oo loo gudbin doono si loo ansixiyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xarunta baahinta ee [[SBS]], ayaa ku dhawaaqday in muqaalka muusiga lagu xaddidi doono 15+ dhegaystayaal halkii, [[Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation|MBC]]-na waxa ay ku dhawaaqday in ay wali noqon doonto mid la daawado dhammaan daawadayaasha.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201001150828311002&amp;search=title&amp;searchstring=%C7%F6%BE%C6%2019 현아, 뮤비 19금(禁) 판정 &quot;선정성 이유, 재심의 요청할 것&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917051948/http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201001150828311002&amp;search=title&amp;searchstring=%C7%F6%BE%C6%2019|date=September 17, 2011}}. ''Newsen''. January 14, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://thelearnedfangirl.com/whatever-happened-to-hyuna/ |access-date=2022-02-15 |archive-date=2022-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220209225838/https://thelearnedfangirl.com/whatever-happened-to-hyuna/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.allkpop.com/article/2010/01/hyunas-change-mv-slapped-with-19-rating&lt;/ref&gt; Dhawr heesood oo kale ayay sii daysay 2010kii.&lt;ref&gt;{{in lang|ko}} [http://www.mydaily.co.kr/news/read.html?newsid=201004201732271133 포미닛 현아·낯선 ‘황야의 무법자’, 박명수·제시카의 ‘냉면’ 될까] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407045137/http://www.mydaily.co.kr/news/read.html?newsid=201004201732271133|date=April 7, 2012}}. ''My Daily''. June 8, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{in lang|ko}} [http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201004191654251001 현아-낯선 부른 이트라이브 ‘황야의 무법자’ 제 2의 ‘냉면’ 될까?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203133702/http://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201004191654251001|date=December 3, 2013}}. ''Newsen''. June 8, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2011–2015: Guul iyo 4Minute ===
[[File:20120102_SHOW_K_MUSIC_쇼케뮤_현아_직찍.jpg|left|thumb|Hyuna ee 2012]]
Sannadkii 2011, Hyuna waxay soo saartay albamkeedii ugu horreeyay, ''[[Bubble Pop!]]'', oo ay ku jiraan shan heeso oo cusub. Heestu &quot;Bubble Pop&quot; waxay ahayd guul caalami ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/k-pop-fans-push-hyuna-to-top-of-charts-viral-video-spotlight-2307917.html|title=K-pop fans push HYUNA to top of charts: viral video spotlight|date=July 5, 2011|work=Independent|access-date=August 31, 2017|archive-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827083431/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/k-pop-fans-push-hyuna-to-top-of-charts-viral-video-spotlight-2307917.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ugu dambayntii waxa ay noqotay muqaal muusik kii ugu horeeyay ee uu sameeyo fanaan K-pop ah oo dhaafa 100 milyan oo daawasho.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.india.com/buzz/hyuna-first-k-pop-artist-to-reach-over-100-million-views-on-YouTube-with-video-bubble-pop-1145415/|title=Hyuna, first solo K-pop artist to reach over 100 million views on YouTube with video Bubble Pop|date=April 28, 2016|work=India.com|access-date=September 21, 2017|archive-date=September 21, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921145136/http://www.india.com/buzz/hyuna-first-k-pop-artist-to-reach-over-100-million-views-on-YouTube-with-video-bubble-pop-1145415/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/467265/21-under-21-hyuna-2011 4Minute's Hyun=a make into Billboard '21 Under 21'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130206185957/http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/467265/21-under-21-hyuna-2011|date=February 6, 2013}}&quot;. ''Billboard''. September 27, 2011. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Aaron|first=Charles|url=https://www.spin.com/2011/12/spins-20-best-songs-2011//?page=0%252C20|title=SPIN's 20 Best Songs of 2011|work=Spin|date=December 9, 2011|access-date=May 11, 2013|archive-date=August 21, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821232218/http://www.spin.com/2011/12/spins-20-best-songs-2011/?page=0%25252C20|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nofeembar 24, 2011, Cube waxay daaha ka qaaday in Hyuna ay ku jiri doonto koox la wadaago oo la yiraahdo [[Trouble Maker]] iyada iyo Hyunseung.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/1761/hyuna-and-jang-hyun-seung-are-trouble-makers|title=Hyuna and Jang Hyun Seung are Trouble Makers|date=November 25, 2011|work=enewsWorld|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608131325/http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/1761/hyuna-and-jang-hyun-seung-are-trouble-makers|archive-date=June 8, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/1886/trouble-maker-releases-much-anticipated-music-video|title=Trouble Maker Releases Much Anticipated Music Video|date=December 1, 2011|work=enewsWorld|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608144404/http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/1886/trouble-maker-releases-much-anticipated-music-video|archive-date=June 8, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/1848/trouble-maker-shocks-with-surprise-kiss-during-performance|title=Trouble Maker Shocks With Surprise Kiss During Performance|date=November 30, 2011|work=enewsWorld|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608142027/http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/1848/trouble-maker-shocks-with-surprise-kiss-during-performance|archive-date=June 8, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2012, waxay sidoo kale ka soo muuqatay muqaalka muusigga [[Psy]] &quot;[[Gangnam Style]]&quot;, ka dib markii uu shakhsi ahaan u doortay Psy intii lagu jiray marxaladda wax soo saarka ee bilowga ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;Interview&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/1536202/hyuna-talks-us-debut-filming-with-psy-being-labeled-overrated|title=HyunA Talks U.S. Debut, Filming With PSY &amp; Being Labeled Overrated|date=January 31, 2013|work=Billboard|access-date=August 27, 2017|archive-date=March 10, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150310104750/http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/1536202/hyuna-talks-us-debut-filming-with-psy-being-labeled-overrated|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/15/gangnam-style-becomes-opp_n_1783292.html|title='Gangnam Style' Becomes 'Oppa Is Just My Style': PSY's 'Girl Version' Followup, Featuring Hyuna (VIDEO)|first=Mallika|last=Rao|date=August 15, 2012|newspaper=Huffington Post|access-date=August 17, 2012|archive-date=October 31, 2012|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6BoxMeJUi?url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/15/gangnam-style-becomes-opp_n_1783292.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Hyuna waxay soo saartay albamkeedii labaad ee ''[[Melting]]'' Oktoobar 21, 2012&lt;ref name=&quot;Interview&quot; /&gt; The video for Ice Cream was released on October 22, 2012 and features a cameo by Psy.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/474530/hyuna-gangnam-style-star-releases-ice-cream-video-with-psy-watch|title=HyunA, 'Gangnam Style' Star, Releases 'Ice Cream' Video with PSY: Watch|date=October 22, 2012|work=Billboard|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127083005/http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/474530/hyuna-gangnam-style-star-releases-ice-cream-video-with-psy-watch|archive-date=January 27, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/18860/hyuna-draws-global-attention-as-ice-cream-is-covered-by-the-guardian-popjustice-and-more|title=Hyuna Draws Global Attention as ′Ice Cream′ is Covered by ′The Guardian′, ′Popjustice′ and More|date=October 25, 2012|work=enewsWorld|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827050803/http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/18860/hyuna-draws-global-attention-as-ice-cream-is-covered-by-the-guardian-popjustice-and-more|archive-date=August 27, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/19675/4minute-hyunas-ice-cream-music-video-gathers-record-views-on-youtube|title=4minute Hyuna′s ′Ice Cream′ Music Video Gathers Record Views on YouTube|date=November 2, 2012|work=enewsWorld|access-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827043541/http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/19675/4minute-hyunas-ice-cream-music-video-gathers-record-views-on-youtube|archive-date=August 27, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Ho, Stewart (October 17, 2012). [http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/17919/4minute-hyunas-upcoming-solo-album-to-include-co-penned-co-written-track-very-hot &quot;4Minute Hyuna's Upcoming Solo Album to Include Co-Penned, Co-Written Track, ‘Very Hot’&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/17919/4minute-hyunas-upcoming-solo-album-to-include-co-penned-co-written-track-very-hot|date=20140726163603}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726163603/http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/17919/4minute-hyunas-upcoming-solo-album-to-include-co-penned-co-written-track-very-hot|date=July 26, 2014}}. CJ E&amp;M enewsWorld.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:HyunA_-_2014_Gaon_Chart_K-pop_Awards_red_carpet.jpg|thumb|Hyuna ee 2014]]
Maajo 24, Hyuna waxa ay la kaashatay fanaaniinta isqurxinta Son &amp; Park si ay u bilaabaan hawlo samafal oo xiriir ah oo cinwaan looga dhigay &quot;Kiss of Hope&quot;, kuwaas oo faa'iidadooda loogu deeqay waxbarashada carruurta ku nool wadamada saboolka ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.kpophunt.com/2013/05/4minute-hyuna-enthusiastic-support-poor.html|title=4minute Hyuna enthusiastic support poor children's charity|author=KPOP|access-date=October 18, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023190146/http://www.kpophunt.com/2013/05/4minute-hyuna-enthusiastic-support-poor.html|archive-date=October 23, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Lee|first=Kim|url=http://24-7kpop.com/2013/03/07/hyuna-spokesmodel-for-toyota-corolla-my-color/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130312100032/http://24-7kpop.com/2013/03/07/hyuna-spokesmodel-for-toyota-corolla-my-color/|archive-date=March 12, 2013|title=Hyuna Spokesmodel For Toyota Corolla MY COLOR|work=24-7kpop.com|date=March 7, 2013|access-date=May 11, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/5862356/k-pop-night-out-returns-for-sxsw-2014-with-hyuna-jay-park-more|first=Jessica|last=Oak|title='K-Pop Night Out' Returns for SXSW 2014 With HyunA, Jay Park &amp; More|work=Billboard|date=July 27, 2013|access-date=April 1, 2014|archive-date=March 5, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140305111508/http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/5862356/k-pop-night-out-returns-for-sxsw-2014-with-hyuna-jay-park-more|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.austinchronicle.com/daily/music/2014-03-12/sxsw-live-shot-hyuna/|title=SXSW Live Shot: HyunA: Korean superstar ropes in even Lady Gaga – Music|work=The Austin Chronicle|date=March 12, 2014|access-date=April 1, 2014|first=Luke|last=Winkie|archive-date=August 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807152022/http://www.austinchronicle.com/daily/music/2014-03-12/sxsw-live-shot-hyuna/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Luulyo 2014, waxay soo saartay albamkeedii saddexaad ee cinwaankeedu yahay ''[[A Talk]]'' iyo heesta &quot;[[Red]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2014/07/135_161099.html|title=Hyuna to give fans something to talk about|date=July 16, 2014|work=The Korea Times|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827043020/http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2014/07/135_161099.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/6157859/hyuna-topless-new-single-a-talk-teaser-photos|title=HyunA Poses Topless to Announce New Single|work=Billboard|first=Jeff|last=Benjamin|date=July 16, 2014|access-date=July 17, 2014|archive-date=July 20, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720213130/http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/6157859/hyuna-topless-new-single-a-talk-teaser-photos|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20140729000695&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|title=HyunA twerks her way to 'Red' solo return|date=July 29, 2014|work=The Korea Herald|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827044559/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20140729000695&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20140715001166&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|title=4Minute HyunA to appear in her own reality show|date=July 15, 2014|work=The Korea Herald|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827051138/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20140715001166&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/6190269/hyuna-red-video-mv-watch-brand|title=HyunA Solidifies Her Diva Brand in Sizzling 'Red' Video: Watch|date=July 29, 2014|work=Billboard|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-date=July 10, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710091104/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/6190269/hyuna-red-video-mv-watch-brand|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|work=Rolling Stone|title=From Taylor Swift's luxurious mansion freakout to OG Maco's low-budget hotel turn-up, the best clips of the year|first=Jessica|last=Suarez|date=December 29, 2014|access-date=December 29, 2014|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/10-best-music-videos-of-2014-20141229|archive-date=December 30, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141230000759/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/10-best-music-videos-of-2014-20141229|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20140828001075&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|title=HyunA tops Taiwan's charts with 'RED'|date=August 28, 2014|work=The Korea Herald|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827051111/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20140828001075&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Agoosto 2015, waxay soo saartay albamkeedii afaraad ee ''[[A+]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3008294|title=[New Release] Hyuna|date=August 25, 2015|work=Korea JoongAng Daily|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827045913/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3008294|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2016–2018: Calaamadee isbeddelada ===
Juun 13, 2016, ayaa lagu dhawaaqay in 4Minute ay qaadatay go'aanka lagu kala dirayo.  Hyuna waxay ahayd xubinta kaliya ee kooxda si ay u cusbooneysiiso qandaraaskeeda Cube Entertainment.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/search1/2603000000.html?cid=AEN20160613002900315|title=4Minute to disband, only Hyuna renews contract|date=June 13, 2016|work=Yonhap News Agency|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827045220/http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/search1/2603000000.html?cid=AEN20160613002900315|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://channel-korea.com/the-reason-why-4minute-disband/?amp |access-date=2022-02-15 |archive-date=2022-08-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808164233/https://channel-korea.com/the-reason-why-4minute-disband/?amp |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/celebrity/article/3147951/5-most-shocking-k-pop-group-disbandments-and-why-they&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.allkpop.com/article/2016/06/breaking-4minute-disbands-after-7-years-hyuna-renews-contract-with-cube&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.inquisitr.com/3215983/4minute-entertainment-expert-reveals-painful-truth-behind-k-pop-girl-groups-disbanding/{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://m-en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20160613002900315&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/301187/20210903/where-4minute-now-hot-issue-hitmakers-current-activities.htm |access-date=2025-06-17 |archive-date=2024-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241208061957/https://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/301187/20210903/where-4minute-now-hot-issue-hitmakers-current-activities.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Hyuna dabadeed waxay soo saartay albamkeedii shanaad ''[[A'wesome]]'' iyo heesta &quot;[[How's This?]]&quot; ({{korean|어때 (eottae?}}), ee Agoosto 1, 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/107770/hyuna-to-share-sexy-kiss-scene-on-first-episode-of-hyuna-x-19-all-kpop-news|title=Hyuna to Share Sexy Kiss Scene on First Episode of ′HyunA X-19′|date=August 16, 2016|work=enewsWorld|access-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827043405/http://mwave.interest.me/en/kpop-news/article/107770/hyuna-to-share-sexy-kiss-scene-on-first-episode-of-hyuna-x-19-all-kpop-news|archive-date=August 27, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2016/08/398_210859.html|title=HyunA returns solo, dominates music charts|date=August 2, 2016|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827083609/http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2016/08/398_210859.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2016/07/398_210367.html|title=HyunA to embark on Asia tour in September|date=July 27, 2016|work=The Korea Times|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827083735/http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2016/07/398_210367.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20170113000787&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|title=K-pop singer HyunA goes on global tour|date=January 13, 2017|work=The Korea Herald|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827050943/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20170113000787&amp;ACE_SEARCH=1|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Abriil 3, 2017, Cube Entertainment ayaa xaqiijisay in iyada iyo xubnaha Pentagon Hui iyo E'Dawn ay xubin ka noqon doonaan koox cusub, [[Triple H]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/news/2017/05/08/0200000000AEN20170508003100315.html|work=Yonhap News Agency|date=May 8, 2017|access-date=June 14, 2017|title=HyunA's new project group Triple H releases '365 Fresh' choreography practice video|archive-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827090828/http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/news/2017/05/08/0200000000AEN20170508003100315.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3032531|title=Hyuna's new group Triple H to release debut|website=Korea JoongAng Daily|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-date=August 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827083745/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3032531|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Hyuna_going_to_a_Music_Bank_recording_on_August_3,_2018_01.png|left|thumb|Hyuna ee 2018]]
Ogosto 2, 2018, sawirada Hyuna ee E'Dawn ayaa la sii daayay. Cube Entertainment ayaa beenisay wararka xanta ah ee sheegaya inay is shukaansanayeen, si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyada iyo E'Dawn waxay waraysi la yeesheen [[Yonhap News Agency|Yeonhap News]] maalintaas dambe, iyagoo qirtay xidhiidhkooda oo bilaabmay May 2016.&lt;ref&gt;https://m-en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20180803006000315&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/k-pop-soloist-hyuna-and-boyfriend-edawn-kicked-out-from-agency-after |access-date=2026-04-03 |archive-date=2024-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241208061142/https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/k-pop-soloist-hyuna-and-boyfriend-edawn-kicked-out-from-agency-after |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://m.koreaherald.com/article/1745341&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://news.hankyung.com/article/2018080407047|title=현아♥이던 트리플H, 당당한 열애 고백 그러나 씁쓸한 마무리|date=August 4, 2018|work=hankyung.com|access-date=November 6, 2018|language=ko|archive-date=November 8, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108025908/http://news.hankyung.com/article/2018080407047|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.malaymail.com/s/1661397/fans-divided-in-reactions-to-hyuna-and-edawns-relatiionship|title=Fans divided in reactions to Hyuna and E'Dawn's relationship {{!}} Malay Mail|access-date=November 8, 2018|language=en|archive-date=November 8, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108065458/https://www.malaymail.com/s/1661397/fans-divided-in-reactions-to-hyuna-and-edawns-relatiionship|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sebtembar 13, Cube Entertainment waxay ku dhawaaqday inay joojinayaan qandaraasyadooda, iyagoo tixraacaya inaysan &quot;ilaalin karin&quot; iyaga.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot; /&gt; Oktoobar 15, Cube Entertainment waxay si rasmi ah u xaqiijisay bixida Hyuna.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot; /&gt;

=== 2019–hada: P Nation iyo mashaariicda soo socdo ===
[[File:Hyuna_at_a_showcase_on_November_5,_2019.jpg|left|thumb|Hyuna ee 2019]]
Janaayo 27, 2019, waxay la saxiixatay [[P Nation]], oo ah wakaalad cusub oo uu aasaasay Psy tan iyo markii uu ka tagay [[YG Entertainment]] bishii Maajo 2018.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot; /&gt; Nofeembar 5, 2019, waxay sii daysay ''[[Flower Shower]]'', oo ah sii daynteedii ugu horreysay ee hoos timaada P Nation.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=HyunA Returns Triumphant With 'Flower Shower' Video|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/international/8542760/hyuna-flower-shower-video|website=Billboard|access-date=November 5, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106090541/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/international/8542760/hyuna-flower-shower-video|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=HyunA is a flower with attitude in her gorgeous solo comeback teaser photos|url=https://www.allkpop.com/article/2019/10/hyuna-is-a-flower-with-attitude-in-her-gorgeous-solo-comeback-teaser-photos|website=allkpop|access-date=November 5, 2019|archive-date=November 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191105021637/https://www.allkpop.com/article/2019/10/hyuna-is-a-flower-with-attitude-in-her-gorgeous-solo-comeback-teaser-photos|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hyuna waxay soo saartay albamkeedii yar toddobaad ''[[I'm Not Cool]]'' 28-kii Janaayo 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://sports.donga.com/article/all/20210108/104831653/1|title=현아, 28일 컴백 확정|website=Sports Dong-a|language=ko|date=January 8, 2021|access-date=January 20, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sebtembar 9, Hyuna iyo [[Dawn]] ayaa iska kaashaday siideynta albamkooda ''[[1+1=1]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=311&amp;aid=0001341639|title=현아♥던, 9월 9일 듀엣 컴백…새 앨범 '1+1=1' 로고 모션 공개|website=Xports News|language=ko|date=August 31, 2021|access-date=August 31, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolosha shaqsiga ah ==
Bishii {{Start date|2018|08|2}} Hyuna ayaa shaaca ka qaaday inay xiriir la leedahay xubin ka tirsan Pentagon [[Dawn|E'Dawn]] tan iyo Maajo 2016.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;[https://m.entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=011&amp;aid=0003364263 현아·펜타곤 이던, 당당한 열애 인정 &quot;2년째 열애중, 속이고 싶지 않아&quot;]&lt;/bdi&gt;. ''Sedaily.''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://metro.co.uk/2018/10/11/hyuna-and-edawn-brush-off-the-haters-as-they-go-public-with-dating-pictures-8026862/]. ''Metro''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/13/world/asia/kpop-hyuna-edawn-dating-fired.amp.html &quot;We're Dating, K-Pop Stars Declare. You're Fired, Their Label Says&quot;]. ''New York Times''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/hyuna-edawn-of-pentagon-ousted-from-cube-entertainment-8474957 &quot;HyunA &amp; E'Dawn of Pentagon Ousted from Cube Entertainment: Report, Updated&quot;]. ''Billboard''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://m.koreatimes.co.kr/pages/article.amp.asp?newsIdx=253828 Why K-pop idols in love draw ire of fans? - The Korea Times].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-45508602.amp K-pop: HyunA sacked over relationship controversy - BBC News].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/music/k-pop-couple-hyuna-and-dawn-go-public-with-romance-1.68858460 K-Pop couple Hyuna and Dawn go public with romance | Music – Gulf News].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cnn.com/2018/09/21/entertainment/kpop-dating-hyuna-edawn-music-celebrity-intl Can K-Pop stars have personal lives? Their labels aren't so sure | CNN] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/09/21/entertainment/kpop-dating-hyuna-edawn-music-celebrity-intl |date=20220216042931 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;  Waxay is qabteen Febraayo 3, 2022, lammaanuhu ay soo dhejiyeen ogeysiiska Instagram.&lt;ref&gt;[https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=410&amp;aid=0000847256 &quot;현아♥던, 결혼 임박…6년 열애 끝 공개 프러포즈 &quot;MARRY ME?&quot;][Hyuna♥Dawn, getting married imminently... Public proposal after 6 years of dating “MARRY ME?”].&lt;/ref&gt;

== Filmografi ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Sanadka
!Cinwaanka
|-
|2010
|''Midnight FM''
|}

=== TV-ga ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Sanadka
!Cinwaanka
!Kanaalka
|-
|2007
|''[[Show! Music Core]]''
|[[Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation|MBC]]
|-
|2009–2010
|''Invincible Youth''
|KBS2
|-
|2010
|''Waving the Korean Flag''
|[[Seoul Broadcasting System|SBS]]
|-
|2011
|''Dancing with the Stars''
|MBC
|-
|2012
|''Birth of a Family 2''
|KBS2
|-
|2014
|''Hyuna's Free Month''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |SBS MTV
|-
|2016
|''Hyuna X 19''
|-
|2017
|''Triple H Detective Agency''
|KStar Cube TV
|-
|2017–2018
|''The Unit: Idol Rebooting Project''
|KBS2
|}

== Discografi ==

* ''[[Bubble Pop!]]'' (2011)
* ''[[Melting]]'' (2012)
* ''[[A Talk]]'' (2014)
* ''[[A+]]'' (2015)
* ''[[A'wesome]]'' (2016)
* ''[[Following]]'' (2017)
* ''[[I'm Not Cool]]'' (2021)

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|}

== Tixraacyada ==</text>
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    <title>Hunter Schafer</title>
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* Community (New York)
* Why Not Model Management (Milan)
* Premier Model Management (London)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://models.com/models/hunter-schafer|title=Hunter Schafer – Model|publisher=Models.com|access-date=November 27, 2018|archive-date=November 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128075231/https://models.com/models/hunter-schafer|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; }}|years_active=2017–hada|website=|occupation={{flatlist|
* Atariisho
* moodel
}}}}'''Hunter Schafer''' waa [[moodel]] Maraykanka, atariisho, iyo u dhaqdhaqaaqa [[Xuquuqda dadka LGBT dal ama dhul ahaan|xuquuqda LGBTQ]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|first=Katherine|last=Cusumano|date=March 21, 2018|url=https://www.wmagazine.com/story/hunter-schafer-model-bathroom-bill|title=Rising Model Hunter Schafer is Fighting for the Future of Trans Individuals on and off the Runway|magazine=[[W (magazine)|W]]|access-date=November 27, 2018|archive-date=November 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128034938/https://www.wmagazine.com/story/hunter-schafer-model-bathroom-bill|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhaqdhaqaaqeeda ka dhanka ah [[Xeerka Amniga iyo Qarsoonaanta ee Xarumaha Dadweynaha|Xeerka Qarsoonaanta &amp; Amniga Xarumaha Dadweynaha]] ee Waqooyiga Carolina, ''[[Teen Vogue]]'' waxay ku qortay Schafer liiskeeda &quot;21 Under 21&quot; ee 2017.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; 2019 waxay samaysay doorkeedii ugu horeeyay, iyada oo u jilaysay sidii arday [[Jinsi beddelka|transgender]] dugsi sare Jules Vaughn oo ku jira taxanaha [[HBO]] ''[[Euphoria]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-07-02|title=Euphoria - Jules Vaughn|url=https://www.hbo.com/euphoria/cast-and-crew/jules-vaughn|url-status=dead|access-date=2022-02-03|website=HBO|language=en|quote=Jules Vaughn played by Hunter Schafer|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2020-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200426230454/https://www.hbo.com/euphoria/cast-and-crew/jules-vaughn|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nolol ==
Aabaheed waa wasiir Presbyterian, qoyskooduna waxay u kala guureen magaalooyin badan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.allure.com/story/hunter-schafer-september-cover-interview &quot;Hunter Schafer: &quot;Trying to Feel Seen Has Been the Project of My Life&quot;&quot;]. ''[[Allure]]''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://raleighmag.com/2017/03/faith/ |access-date=2022-02-18 |archive-date=2022-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220205155847/https://raleighmag.com/2017/03/faith/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay leedahay saddex walaalo ka yar: laba walaalo ah iyo walaal.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.newsobserver.com/news/politics-government/state-politics/article187432663.html &quot;This transgender teen sued NC over HB2. Now she's in Teen Vogue with Hillary Clinton&quot;]. [[News &amp; Observer|''News &amp; Observer'']].&lt;/ref&gt;

Schafer waa naag trans. Wareysi ay bixisay ayay ku sheegtay in Internetku uu ka caawiyay [[Aqoonsiga jinsiga|aqoonsigeeda jinsiga]], iyadoo u soo jeesatay Youtube-ka iyo baraha bulshada si ay wax uga ogaato waqtiyada [[Kala guurka jinsiga|kala guurka]] oo dadka.&lt;ref&gt;[https://variety.com/2019/tv/features/hunter-schafer-hbo-euphoria-1203248330/ &quot;Trans Superstar Hunter Schafer on Her Moment of 'Euphoria'&quot;]. ''[[Variety]]''.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay tiri, &quot;Waxaan jeclahay dadka inay ogaadaan inaanan ahayn ''[[Cisgender|cis girl]]'' ah sababtoo ah taasi maaha wax aan ahay ama dareemayo inaan ahay. Waan ku faanayaa inaan ahay qof trans ah.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.popbuzz.com/tv-film/features/hunter-schafer/trans/ |access-date=2022-02-18 |archive-date=2019-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805183101/https://www.popbuzz.com/tv-film/features/hunter-schafer/trans/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 2019, Schafer waxay sheegtay inay &quot;ku dhowdahay waxa aad ugu yeeri karto [[lesbian]].&quot;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vvWfPyxFjTk&lt;/ref&gt;  Bishii Disembar 2021, waxay ku sheegtay Twitter inay tahay &quot;[[Labada jinsi|bi]] ama [[Pansexuality|pan]] ama wax&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2021/12/13/hunter-schafer-bisexual-pansexual-sexxuality/&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Febraayo 2022, waxaa la xaqiijiyay in iyada iyo [[Dominic Fike]] ay isla wada socdeen.&lt;ref&gt;https://people.com/tv/hunter-schafer-dominic-fike-seemingly-confirm-dating-rumors-with-steamy-kiss/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyo ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sabrina Carpenter</title>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="6570" sha1="nov5jfesv6pkqus9i9adjrfp7xjpq0s" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Sabrina Carpenter|image=Sabrina Carpenter - O2 Arena 2025 - 086 (cropped 2 - color adjusted).jpg|caption=Carpenter ee 2025|birth_name=Sabrina Annlynn Carpenter|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1999|05|11|mf=y}}|birth_place=[[Lehigh Valley, Pennsylvania]]|occupation={{hlist|Heesaa|atariisho}}|years_active=2011–hada|module={{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| background      = solo_singer
| genre           = {{hlist|[[Teen pop|teen pop]]|[[dance-pop]]|}}
| label           = {{hlist|[[Hollywood Records|Hollywood]]|[[Island Records|Island]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Artist Index |url=https://www.islandrecords.com/artists |website=Island Records |access-date=January 22, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| associated_acts =
}}|relatives=[[Nancy Cartwright]]|website={{URL|sabrinacarpenter.com}}|signature=File:Sabrina Carpenter signature.svg}}

'''Sabrina Annlynn Carpenter'''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ohmy.disney.com/music/2014/10/13/sabrina-carpenter-takes-the-playlist-pop-quiz/|title=Sabrina Carpenter Takes the Playlist Pop Quiz|work=Oh My Disney|author=Emily Brandon|date=October 13, 2014|access-date=November 10, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; (dhashay Maajo 11, 1999&lt;ref name=&quot;medianet&quot; /&gt;) waa heesaa iyo atariisho Mareykan ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Naoreen|first1=Nuzhat|date=December 26, 2014|title='Girl Meets World' Star Sabrina Carpenter Talks Working With Meghan Trainor and Beyoncé's Decision to Pass on 'All About That Bass'|url=http://blog.peopleschoice.com/2014/12/26/sabrina-carpenter-working-with-meghan-trainor/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160801110718/http://blog.peopleschoice.com/2014/12/26/sabrina-carpenter-working-with-meghan-trainor/|archive-date=August 1, 2016|access-date=January 17, 2016|website=People's Choice}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Carpenter waxay samaysay jilideeda ugu horeysay iyadoo ka soo muuqatay taxanaha dambiyada [[Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit|''Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit'']] waxayna heshay aqoonsi doorkeeda Chloe Goodwin ee ''[[Goodwin Games]]''. Waxay lahayd horumarkeeda iyada oo ay jilaysay Maya Hart ee taxanaha ''[[Girl Meets World]]'' (2014–2017).

Carpenter ayaa jilay filimada ''[[Horns]]'' (2013), ''[[The Hate U Give (filim)|The Hate U Give]]'' (2018), ''Adventures in Babysitting'' (2016), ''Clouds'' (2020), ''[[Tall Girl]]'' (2019) iyo ''[[Work It]]'' (2020).

2014, Carpenter waxa loo saxeexay [[Hollywood Records]] waxayna bilawday shaqadeeda heeseed. Ka dib markii ka tagtay Hollywood Records, Carpenter waxa saxeexay [[Island Records]] ee 2021.

== Farshaxan ==
Sabrina Carpenter waxaa lagu tilmaamay inay tahay heesaa &quot;[[teen-pop]] ah&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=James|last=Monger|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/sabrina-carpenter-mn0002814181|title=Sabrina Carpenter Bio, Albums, Streaming, Links|work=[[Allmusic]]|access-date=November 14, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; kaas oo ku sahamiyay noocyada kale ee albamka kala duwan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rodrigues&quot;&gt;{{cite web|first=Brittany|last=Rodrigues|url=https://www.chch.com/shows/andpop/?ruri=/2016/10/14/track-track-review-evolution-sabrina-carpenter/|title=Track By Track Review Of EVOLution By Sabrina Carpenter|work=AND Pop|date=October 22, 2014|access-date=November 14, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;itunes3&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/singular-act-i/1438671104|title=Singular Act I by Sabrina Carpenter on iTunes|website=iTunes Store (US)|access-date=November 11, 2018|quote=Somehow, in the midst of all that, she recorded a third album—the two-part project Singular—which begins here with a serving of saucy, confident dance-pop.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Nied|first=Mike|date=November 9, 2018|title=Stream Sabrina Carpenter's Bop-Filled 'Singular Act 1|language=en-US|work=idolator|url=https://www.idolator.com/7688075/sabrina-carpenter-packs-bops-onto-singular-act-1-stream-it-here?chrome=1|url-status=dead|access-date=November 11, 2018|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 19, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419183819/https://www.idolator.com/7688075/sabrina-carpenter-packs-bops-onto-singular-act-1-stream-it-here?chrome=1|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Russell|first=Erica|date=July 18, 2019|title=Sabrina Carpenter on Fan Theories, ASMR and How 'Singular Act II' Shows 'Vulnerable' Confidence|url=https://popcrush.com/sabrina-carpenter-on-fan-theories-asmr-and-the-vulnerable-confidence-of-singular-act-ii/|url-status=live|access-date=July 18, 2019|website=PopCrush|language=en|quote=The singer's fourth studio album is a glossy, hook-laden collection of danceable pop and R&amp;B}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:122&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodrecords.com/press/sabrinacarpenter/|title=Sabrina Carpenter Singular: Act II Bio 2019|website=Sabrina Carpenter Hollywood Records Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wareysiga, Carpenter waxay ku soo xigatay [[Christina Aguilera]], [[Adele]], iyo [[Rihanna]] inay yihiin saameyn muusig.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Amy|last=Crooks|url=http://www.dis411.net/2014/06/30/video-sabrina-carpenter-dished-on-musical-influences-favorite-food-touring-more-with-disney-playlist/|title=Video: Sabrina Carpenter Dished On Musical Influences, Favorite Food, Touring &amp; More With Disney Playlist|work=dis411.net|date=June 30, 2014|access-date=June 30, 2014|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Sideedaad 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807021235/http://www.dis411.net/2014/06/30/video-sabrina-carpenter-dished-on-musical-influences-favorite-food-touring-more-with-disney-playlist/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay sidoo kale soo xigatay [[Whitney Houston]] iyo [[Etta James]] inay yihiin saameyntii hore ee muusiga wareysiga ay la yeelatay ''[[Refinery29]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Newman-Bremang|first=Kathleen|date=August 5, 2019|title=World, Meet Girl: Sabrina Carpenter On Ghosting, Grieving &amp; Growing Up|url=https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/08/239271/sabrina-carpenter-singular-album-artist-interview|url-status=live|access-date=August 7, 2019|website=Refinery29|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay dhiirigelin ka qaadatay qorista heesaha [[Taylor Swift]] iyo [[Lorde]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Sabrina Carpenter – TOP Magazine (LIVE)|date=July 22, 2019|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P4FkZvwG8Jk|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211107/P4FkZvwG8Jk|archive-date=2021-11-07|url-status=live|work=[[YouTube]]|language=en|access-date=January 1, 2019}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraac ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Xiriirinta dibadda ==
{{Commons category|Sabrina Carpenter}}

* {{Official website|http://www.sabrinacarpenter.com}}
* {{IMDb name|4248775}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>WAP</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>312039</origin>
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      <text bytes="2877" sha1="lveieey5z9yzmi37fjclsaioqch0bnq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox song|name=WAP|writer=* [[Cardi B|Belcalis Almanzar]]
* [[Megan Thee Stallion|Megan Pete]]
* [[Ayo the Producer|Austin Owens]]
* [[Keyz|James Foye III]]
* [[Frank Ski|Frank Rodriguez]]
* [[Pardison Fontaine|Jorden Thorpe]]|next_year=2020|next_title=[[Me Gusta]]|prev_year=2019|prev_title=[[Writing on the Wall (French Montana song)|Writing on the Wall]]|chronology=[[Cardi B]]|producer=* [[Ayo the Producer]]
* [[Keyz]]|label=[[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]]|type=single|length=3:07|genre={{hlist|[[dirty rap]]|}}|recorded=|released={{Start date|2020|8|7}}|album=|artist=[[Cardi B]] iyo [[Megan Thee Stallion]]|cover=WAP - text logo.png|misc={{Extra chronology
| artist     = [[Megan Thee Stallion]]
| type       = single
| prev_title = [[Girls in the Hood]]
| prev_year  = 2020
| title      = WAP
| year       = 2020
| next_title = [[Don't Stop]]
| next_year  = 2020
}}{{External music video|{{YouTube|hsm4poTWjMs|&quot;WAP&quot;}}}}}}&quot;'''WAP'''&quot; (soo gaabinta &quot;Wet-Ass Pussy&quot;)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.spin.com/2020/08/cardi-b-megan-thee-stallion-new-song-wap/|title=Cardi B, Megan Thee Stallion Link Up for 'WAP'|date=August 7, 2020|website=Spin|first=Brenton|last=Blanchet|access-date=January 30, 2021|archive-date=August 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809121249/https://www.spin.com/2020/08/cardi-b-megan-thee-stallion-new-song-wap/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Vulture&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=VanArendonk|first=Kathryn|title=The 'Clean' Version of 'WAP' is Actually so Much Filthier|url=https://www.vulture.com/2020/08/wap-music-video-explicit-version-clean-difference|website=Vulture|access-date=November 17, 2020|date=August 7, 2020|archive-date=August 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807214343/https://www.vulture.com/2020/08/wap-music-video-explicit-version-clean-difference.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; waa hees uu qaaday fanaanad Mareykan [[Cardi B]] oo ay ku jirto [[Megan Thee Stallion]]. Waxaa lagu sii daayay iyada oo loo marayo [[Atlantic Records]] Aogosto 7, 2020, iyada oo ah hogaamiyaha kali ah ee albumka Cardi B labaad oo soo socda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://hypebeast.com/2020/8/megan-thee-stallion-cardi-b-wap-collab-stream-music-video|title=Cardi B and Megan Thee Stallion Link up for Raunchy Collab &quot;WAP&quot;|website=hypebeast.com|first=Sophie|last=Caraan|date=August 7, 2020|access-date=January 29, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ereyada, Cardi iyo Megan waxay ka wada hadlayaan sida ay u rabaan ragga inay ka farxiyaan iyaga, iyagoo isticmaalaya tixraacyo galmo oo cad oo badan.

Fiidiyowga muusiga ee la socda, oo uu hagayo Colin Tilley, waxa ka muuqda muuqaallo dumar ah oo dhawr ah, oo ay ku jiirta [[Kylie Jenner]], [[Normani]], [[Rosalía]], [[Latto]], [[Sukihana]], iyo [[Rubi Rose]]. Fiidiyowga waxaa ku tilmaamay ''[[The Guardian]]''-ka mid aan raali ka ahayn u dabbaaldegga dareenka iyo galmada dumarka.

== Tixraac ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Anghami</title>
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      <text bytes="4922" sha1="eervftlk70wg5rzpp0g8o5dbbssfrh8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox website|name=Anghami|services=[[Music streaming]]|current_status=|launch_date={{Start date|2012|11|5|}}|language=[[Carabi]], [[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriisiga]], [[Af-Faransiis|Faransiis]]|num_users=|registration=|programming_language=[[Angular (web framework)|Angular]]&lt;ref name = &quot;Programming Languages&quot;&gt;{{cite web
  |url        = https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_(web_framework)
  |title        = Site Info - Anghami.com
  |access-date        = 2019-02-20
  |archive-date        = 2019-03-24
  |archive-url        = https://web.archive.org/web/20190324013146/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_(web_framework)
  |url-status        = live
  }}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Circular reference|date=July 2019}} &lt;br /&gt;                  [[JavaScript]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
  |url        = https://www.javascript.com/
  |title        = Site Info - Anghami.com
  |access-date        = 2019-02-20
  |archive-date        = 2019-02-20
  |archive-url        = https://web.archive.org/web/20190220235852/https://www.javascript.com/
  |url-status        = live
  }}&lt;/ref&gt;|url={{URL|https://www.anghami.com/}}|num_employees=120 (2021)&lt;ref name=&quot;Executive Magazine&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |url=http://www.executive-magazine.com/business-finance/business/anghami-lebanon-growth
 |title=Anghami: Moving through the entrepreneurship ecosystem
 |access-date=2015-08-03
 |publisher=Executive Magazine
 |url-status=dead
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722165951/http://www.executive-magazine.com/business-finance/business/anghami-lebanon-growth
 |archive-date=2015-07-22
}}&lt;/ref&gt;|industry=Music|logo=Anghami logo Arabic.png|CEO=Eddy Maroun&lt;ref name = &quot;Bloomberg 1&quot;&gt;{{cite web  |url        = https://www.bloomberg.com/Research/stocks/private/people.asp?privcapId=183390166  |title        = Company Overview of Anghami  |access-date        = 2015-08-03  |publisher        = [[Bloomberg Business]]  |archive-date        = 2015-09-23  |archive-url        = https://web.archive.org/web/20150923192207/http://www.bloomberg.com/Research/stocks/private/people.asp?privcapId=183390166  |url-status        = live  }}&lt;/ref&gt;|founder=Eddy Maroun&lt;br /&gt;Elie Habib&lt;ref name = &quot;TNW 1&quot; /&gt;|area_served=|location_country=UAE|location_city=[[Abu Dhabi]]|foundation={{Start date and age|2012}}&lt;ref name = &quot;launched&quot; /&gt;|traded_as={{Nasdaq|ANGH}}|company_type=[[Public company|Public]]|logo_size=250px|native_clients=[[Microsoft Windows|Windows]], [[Symbian]], [[Windows Phone]], [[Linux]], [[BlackBerry OS]], [[Android (operating system)|Android]], [[iOS]], [[Chrome OS]], [[macOS]], [[MeeGo]], [[PlayStation 4]], [[PlayStation 5]] and [[Apple TV]].}}'''Anghami''' ([[Carabi]]: أنغامي) waa [[Warbahinta daawashada|madal music streaming]] sharci ugu horeysay iyo shirkadda qaybinta digital ee [[dunida Carabta]]. Waxaa la bilaabay bishii November 2011 ee [[Lubnaan]],&lt;ref name=&quot;launched&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.wamda.com/2012/11/lebanons-anghami-launches-the-first-music-streaming-platform-for-the-middle-east-promocode-included|title=Lebanon's Anghami Launches the First Music Streaming Platform for the Middle East|access-date=|publisher=Curley, Nina. 5 November 2012. Wamda|archive-date=28 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228082704/http://www.wamda.com/2012/11/lebanons-anghami-launches-the-first-music-streaming-platform-for-the-middle-east-promocode-included|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; siinta muusig Carabi aan xadidnayn iyo mid caalami ah si loo dhageysto loona soo dejiyo qaabka offline. Waxaa loogu talagalay [[Bariga Dhexe]] iyo [[Waqooyiga Afrika]] si ay u bixiyaan buug-gacmeedka ugu weyn ee waxyaabaha shatiga leh ee ka soo jeeda calaamadaha Carabiga ee waaweyn sida [[Melody Hits|Melody]], [[Mazzika]], Platinum Records iyo calaamado kale oo badan oo madaxbannaan, marka lagu daro calaamadaha waaweyn ee caalamiga ah sida [[Sony Music|Sony]], [[Universal Music Group|Universal]] iyo [[Warner Music Group]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Anghami, the leading music streaming platform in the Middle East and North Africa, merges with Vistas Media Acquisition Company Inc. to become first Arab technology company to list on NASDAQ New York|url=https://www.mevp.com/News/Details/1069|website=MEVP|publisher=Middle East Venture Partners|access-date=28 April 2021|archive-date=28 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428153755/https://www.mevp.com/News/Details/1069|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Anderson, Brooke. November 2012. The Daily Star &quot;[http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Business/Lebanon/2012/Nov-19/195447-connecting-the-world-though-music.ashx Connecting the world though music] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Business/Lebanon/2012/Nov-19/195447-connecting-the-world-though-music.ashx |date=20131228171250 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228171250/http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Business/Lebanon/2012/Nov-19/195447-connecting-the-world-though-music.ashx|date=2013-12-28}}&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyo ==</text>
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    <title>Dawlada Falastiin</title>
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        <id>28368</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 5 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="124772" sha1="4g8war0peqjeko015av3rhpni6s5jru" xml:space="preserve">'''Falastiin''' ,si rasmi ah '''Dawladda Falastiin''' , waa waddan ku yaal Galbeedka [[Aasiya]] . Waxa aqoonsaday 147 ka mid ah 193-ka waddan ee [[Qaramada Midoobay]] ka kooban yahay , waxa ay ka kooban tahay Daanta Galbeed ee ay [[Israaiil]] haysato , oo ay ku jiraan Bariga Quddus iyo Marinka Qaza , oo loo wada yaqaanno dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto. Dhulalku waxay wadaagaan inta badan xudduudaha ay la leeyihiin Israa'iil , iyadoo Daanta Galbeed ay xuduud la leedahay Urdun oo bari ah iyo Marinka Qasa oo xuduud la leh Masar oo ka xigta koonfur-galbeed. Waxay leedahay bedka dhul dhan 6,020 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (2,320 sq mi) halka dadkeedu ay ka badan yihiin shan milyan. Caasimadeeda lagu dhawaaqay waa Jerusalem , halka Ramallah ay u adeegto sidii xarunteeda dhabta ah ee maamulka. Gaza waxay ahayd magaaladeedii ugu weyneyd ka hor daad-gureynta 2023 . {{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Dawladda Falastiin
| common_name            = Falastiin
| native_name            = دولة فلسطين [[Carabi]]
| image_flag             = Flag of Palestine.svg
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of Palestine.svg
| symbol_width           = 70px
| national_anthem        = &quot;{{lang|ar|{{big|فدائي}}}}&quot;&lt;br /&gt;{{lower|0.1em|&quot;[[Fida'i]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Palestine |access-date=8 June 2014 |website=nationalanthems.info |url=http://www.nationalanthems.info/ps.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140331034257/http://www.nationalanthems.info/ps.htm |archive-date=31 March 2014 |format=includes audio |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;&quot;Fedayeen Warrior&quot;
[[File:Anthem of Palestine.ogg]]
| image_map              = State of Palestine (orthographic projection).svg
| map_width              = 220px
| map_caption            = [[w:Dhulka Falastiin|Dhul ay sheegatay Falastiin]] (Cagaar).&lt;br /&gt;Dhul ay sheegtay Israa'iil (cagaar khafiif ah).
| capital                = {{unbulleted list
|item1_style=margin-bottom:2px;|[[Jerusalem]] ([[w:Status of Jerusalem|limited recognition]]){{efn|The Palestinian Declaration of Independence ku dhawaaqo the &quot;establishment of the State of Palestine on our Palestinian territory with its capital Jerusalem (Al-Quds Ash-Sharif).&quot; Israel exercises ''de facto'' control over Jerusalem, but [[w:Status of Jerusalem|neither state’s claims to Jerusalem are widely recognized by the international community]]. [[Ramallah]] is the administrative capital where government institutions and [[List of diplomatic missions to Palestine|foreign representative offices]] are located, while most countries maintain their [[List of diplomatic missions in Israel|embassies to Israel]] in [[Tel Aviv]]. In [[Oslo I Accord]], few parts of Jerusalem went under control of the Palestinian government, but did not solved overall [[status of Jerusalem]].}}
|[[Ramallah]]
}}
| status                 = [[w:United Nations General Assembly observers|UN observer state]] under [[w:Israeli occupation of Palestine|Israeli occupation]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:International recognition of the State of Palestine|Recognized by 145 UN member states]]
| religion_year          = 2023
| capital_type           = {{unbulleted list
|item1_style=margin-top:2px;margin-bottom:2px;|Caasimada lagu dhawaaqay
|Xarunta&lt;br /&gt;Maamulka
}}
| largest_city           = [[Rafax]]{{efn|Before 2023, [[Gaza City]] was the largest city in the State of Palestine. Following attacks by Israel, a large amount of refugees from Gaza City and elsewhere in [[Gaza Strip|the Strip]] evacuated into the border city of Rafah, effectively making it the most populous city.}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/140699#:~:text=ActionAid%3A%20Conditions%20in%20Rafah%20at,over%20one%20million%20displaced%20people | title= ActionAid: Conditions in Rafah at breaking point, with over one million displaced people
 |work=wafa agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| official_languages     = [[Carabi|Carabi]]
| religion               = {{ublist
| 98% [[Islam]] ([[State religion|official]])
| 2% other
}}
| demonym                = [[Falastiiniyiinta|Falastiin]]
| government_type        = Jamhuuriyad [[madax-weyne midaysan]]&lt;ref name=declaration1988&gt;{{cite web|title=Declaration of Independence (1988) (UN Doc) |date=18 November 1988 |access-date=8 June 2014 |website=State of Palestine Permanent Observer Mission to the United Nations |url=http://www.un.int/wcm/content/site/palestine/cache/offonce/pid/12353 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140608203237/http://www.un.int/wcm/content/site/palestine/cache/offonce/pid/12353 |archive-date=8 June 2014 |url-status=dead |publisher=United Nations }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- Articles in Wikipedia may not be used as citations; I have cited the published document --&gt;
| leader_title1          = [[Madaxweynaha Dawladda Falastiin|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1           = [[Maxamuud Cabaas]]{{{efn|name=PLOchair|Both presidents of the State of Palestine, [[Yasser Arafat]] and his successor [[Mahmoud Abbas]], were chosen beforehand as [[Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization]], the [[Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization|committee]] performing the roles of State of Palestine government.&lt;ref name=&quot;A67L28&quot;&gt;{{UN document |docid=A/67/L.28 |body=A |type=A |session=67 |document_number=37 |title=Question of Palestine |date=26 November 2012 |accessdate=11 June 2014}} and {{UN document |docid=A/RES/67/19 |body=A |type=R |session=67 |resolution_number=67/19 |title=Status of Palestine in the United Nations |date=29 November 2012 |accessdate=11 June 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GiE&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Sayigh |first1=Yezid |title=Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949–1993 |url=https://archive.org/details/armedstrugglesea0000yazi |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-19-829643-0 |edition=illustrated |page=[https://archive.org/details/armedstrugglesea0000yazi/page/624 624] |quote=The Palestinian National Council also empowered the central council to form a government-in-exile when appropriate, and the [[Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization|executive committee]] to perform the functions of government until such time as a government-in-exile was established.}}&lt;/ref&gt; See also [[Leaders of Palestinian institutions]].}}
| leader_title2          = [[Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Dowladda Falastiin|Ra'iisul Wasaare]]
| leader_name2           = [[w:Mohammad Mustafa (economist)|Mohammad Mustafa]]
| leader_title3          = [[w:Speaker of the Palestinian Legislative Council|Gudoomiyaha Baarlamaanka]]
| leader_name3           = [[w:Aziz Dweik|Aziz Dweik]]
| legislature            = [[w:Golaha Qaranka Falastiin|Golaha Qaranka]]
| sovereignty_type       = [[#History|Saameynta]]
| established_event1     = [[w:Ku dhawaaqida Madaxbanaanida Falastiin|Ku dhawaaqida Madaxbanaanida]]
| established_date1      = 15 November 1988
| established_event2     = [[w:United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19|UNGA observer state resolution]]
| established_date2      = 29 November 2012
| established_event3     = Qaranimada oo lagu muransan yahay[[Israa'iil]]
| established_date3      = [[w:Israeli–Colaadda Falastiin|Soconaya]]{{efn|Israel lets the [[Palestinian National Authority]] have some power in the Palestinian territories. This depends on the [[West Bank Areas in the Oslo II Accord|area classification]]. The Palestinian National Authority has some power (control of borders: [[National airspace|air]],&lt;ref name=GazaSeaAir&gt;[http://www.btselem.org/english/Gaza_Strip/Control_on_Air_space_and_territorial_waters.asp Israel's control of the airspace and the territorial waters of the Gaza Strip] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605005942/http://www.btselem.org/english/Gaza_Strip/Control_on_Air_space_and_territorial_waters.asp |date=5 June 2011 }}.&lt;/ref&gt; sea beyond [[internal waters]],&lt;ref name=GazaSeaAir /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://dissidentvoice.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Gaza-map-08s-fishing-limits-20090119.jpg Map of Gaza fishing limits, &quot;security zones&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://dissidentvoice.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Gaza-map-08s-fishing-limits-20090119.jpg |date=20110726000805 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726000805/http://dissidentvoice.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Gaza-map-08s-fishing-limits-20090119.jpg |date=26 July 2011 }}.&lt;/ref&gt; [[European Union Border Assistance Mission Rafah|land]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace+Process/Guide+to+the+Peace+Process/Israels+Disengagement+Plan-+Renewing+the+Peace+Process+Apr+2005.htm Israel's Disengagement Plan: Renewing the Peace Process] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070302014936/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace%20Process/Guide%20to%20the%20Peace%20Process/Israels%20Disengagement%20Plan-%20Renewing%20the%20Peace%20Process%20Apr%202005.htm |date=2 March 2007 }}: &quot;Israel will guard the perimeter of the Gaza Strip, continue to control Gaza air space, and continue to patrol the sea off the Gaza coast. ... Israel will continue to maintain its essential military presence to prevent arms smuggling along the border between the Gaza Strip and Egypt ([[Philadelphi Route]]), until the security situation and cooperation with Egypt permit an alternative security arrangement.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;) in the Gaza Strip (its land and Egypt part of the land border are under [[Governance of the Gaza Strip|Hamas control]])&lt;ref name=HumanRightsWatch&gt;{{cite web |title=Israel: 'Disengagement' Will Not End Gaza Occupation |publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]] |date=29 October 2004 |url=https://www.hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/29/isrlpa9577.htm |access-date=16 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081101210931/http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/29/isrlpa9577.htm |archive-date=1 November 2008 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author=[[Dore Gold|Gold, Dore]] |title=Legal Acrobatics: The Palestinian Claim that Gaza Is Still 'Occupied' Even After Israel Withdraws |journal=Jerusalem Issue Brief |volume=5 |issue=3 |publisher=[[Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs]] |date=26 August 2005 |url=http://www.jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm |access-date=16 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621082606/http://jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm |archive-date=21 June 2010 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author=[[Avi Bell|Bell, Abraham]] |title=International Law and Gaza: The Assault on Israel's Right to Self-Defense |journal=Jerusalem Issue Brief |volume=7 |issue=29 |publisher=[[Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs]] |date=28 January 2008 |url=http://www.jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm |access-date=16 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621082606/http://jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm |archive-date=21 June 2010 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Transcript |title=Address by FM Livni to the 8th Herzliya Conference |publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel)|Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs]] |date=22 January 2008 |url=http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Speeches+by+Israeli+leaders/2008/Address+by+FM+Livni+to+the+8th+Herzliya+Conference+22-Jan-2008.htm?DisplayMode=print |access-date=26 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026025009/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Speeches%2Bby%2BIsraeli%2Bleaders/2008/Address%2Bby%2BFM%2BLivni%2Bto%2Bthe%2B8th%2BHerzliya%2BConference%2B22-Jan-2008.htm?DisplayMode=print |archive-date=26 October 2011 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Salih, Zak M. |title=Panelists Disagree Over Gaza's Occupation Status |publisher=[[University of Virginia School of Law]] |date=17 November 2005 |url=http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2005_fall/gaza.htm |access-date=26 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200844/http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2005_fall/gaza.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; See also ''[[Israeli-occupied territories]]''.|name=control}}

&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first1=Maayana |last1=Miskin |title=PA Weighs 'State of Palestine' Passport |date=5 December 2012 |access-date=8 June 2014 |website=israelnationalnews.com |url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/162844#.U5TD6vmICm6 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121207082503/http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/162844 |archive-date=7 December 2012 |url-status=live |publisher=Arutz Sheva |quote=A senior PA official revealed the plans in an interview with ''Al-Quds'' newspaper. The change to 'state' status is important because it shows that 'the state of Palestine is occupied,' he said. }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Limitations&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=State of Palestine name change shows limitations|url=https://news.yahoo.com/state-palestine-name-change-shows-limitations-200641448.html|agency=AP|date=17 January 2013|quote=Israel remains in charge of territories the world says should one day make up that state.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130110025703/http://news.yahoo.com/state-palestine-name-change-shows-limitations-200641448.html |archive-date=10 January 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_km2               = 6,020&lt;ref name=&quot;UN Stats-2012&quot;&gt;{{cite book |chapter-url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012/Table03.pdf |chapter=Table 3, Population by sex, annual rate of population increase, surface area and density |title=Demographic Yearbook |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012.htm |date=2012 |publisher=[[United Nations Statistics Division]] |access-date=28 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015114145/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012.htm |archive-date=15 October 2017 |url-status=live  }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;!-- Area should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --&gt;
| area_rank              = 163rd &lt;!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --&gt;
| area_footnote          = 
| area_sq_mi             = 2,320 &lt;!-- Area should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --&gt;
| percent_water          = 3.5&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/west-bank/ |title=The World Factbook: Middle East: West Bank |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=7 April 2014 |access-date=8 June 2014 |archive-date=22 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210722231029/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/west-bank/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_label2            = [[West Bank]]
| area_data2             = 5,655 km{{smallsup|2}}
| area_label3            = [[Gaza Strip]]
| area_data3             = 365 km{{smallsup|2}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gaza-strip/ |title=The World Factbook: Middle East: Gaza Strip |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=12 May 2014 |access-date=8 June 2014 |archive-date=12 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112082940/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gaza-strip |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate    = 5,483,450&lt;ref name=&quot;census&quot;&gt;{{cite web| url=https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/statisticsIndicatorsTables.aspx?lang=en&amp;table_id=676| title=Estimated Population in the Palestine Mid-Year by Governorate,1997-2026| publisher=Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics| access-date=7 December 2022| archive-date=7 December 2022| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207112233/https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/statisticsIndicatorsTables.aspx?lang=en&amp;table_id=676| url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2023
| population_estimate_rank = 121aad
| population_census_year = 
| population_density_km2 = 731
| population_density_sq_mi = 1,895
| population_density_rank = 
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $36.391 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.PS&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=487,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2020&amp;ey=2028&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Palestine) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=16 October 2023 |archive-date=23 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023133432/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=487,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2020&amp;ey=2028&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2023
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 138aad
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $6,642&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.PS&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 131aad
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase}} $18.109 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.PS&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2021
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 121aad
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $3,464&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.PS&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 140aad
| Gini_year              = 2016
| Gini_change            = decrease&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini                   = 33.7 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref name=gini-index&gt;{{cite web|title=GINI index coefficient: West Bank &amp; Gaza|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison|publisher=CIA Factbook|access-date=12 August 2021|archive-date=30 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630032239/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI                    = [[File:Decrease2.svg|12px|border]]0.674&lt;!--number only, between 0 and 1--&gt;
| HDI_year               = 2023&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change             = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref name=&quot;UNHDR&quot;&gt;{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020|archive-date=15 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215063955/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 106aad
| currency               = {{unbulleted list |Pound Masar ([[ISO 4217|EGP]]) |[[Israeli new shekel]] (ILS) |[[Jordanian dinar]] (JOD) |(''[[xaqiiqo]]'')&lt;ref&gt;According to [https://web.archive.org/web/20161001065601/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace%2BProcess/Guide%2Bto%2Bthe%2BPeace%2BProcess/Gaza-Jericho%2BAgreement%2BAnnex%2BIV%2B-%2BEconomic%2BProtoco.htm Article 4 of the 1994 Paris Protocol], the State of Palestine has no official currency. The Protocol allows the Palestinian Authority to adopt multiple currencies. In the [[West Bank]], the Israeli new sheqel and Jordanian dinar are widely accepted, while in the [[Gaza Strip]] the Israeli new sheqel and Egyptian pound are widely accepted.&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| time_zone              = Waqtiga caadiga ah ee Falastiin
| utc_offset             = +2
| utc_offset_DST         = +3
| time_zone_DST          = [[Waqtiga Xagaaga ee Falastiin]]
| date_format            = dd/mm/yyyy&lt;!--numeric dates (dd-mm-yyyy, yyyy.mm.dd, etc.) plus era (CE, AD, AH, etc.)--&gt;
| drives_on              = Sax
| calling_code           = +970
| iso3166code            = 
| cctld                  = [[.ps]]
| footnote_a             = 
| footnote_b             = 
| footnote_c                                                                         }}
Waxay ku taal meel isgoys ah oo qaaradda ah , gobolka Falastiin waxaa xukumayay boqortooyo kala duwan waxayna la kulmeen isbeddello bulsho oo kala duwan laga soo bilaabo waayihii hore ilaa casrigan. Waxa ay cagta saartay ciidamada Niilka iyo Mesobotaamiya iyo baayacmushtar ka yimid Waqooyiga Afrika, Shiinaha iyo Hindiya. Gobolku wuxuu leeyahay muhiimad diineed . Colaadda Israa’iil iyo Falastiin ee socota waxay soo bilaabatay soo ifbaxa dhaqdhaqaaqa Sahyuuniyadda , oo ay taageerto Boqortooyada Ingiriiska intii lagu jiray dagaalkii 1aad ee Adduunka . Dagaalku wuxuu arkay in Ingiriisku gumaysanayo Falastiin oo uu ka haysto Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta halkaas oo ay ka dhisteen Falastiin Qasab ah oo hoos imanaysa ururka League of Nations . Soo galootiga Yuhuuda oo kordhay ayaa sababay iska hor imaad dhex maray Yuhuuda iyo Carabta Falastiiniyiinta , kaas oo isu bedelay dagaal sokeeye 1947 ka dib markii ay Qaramada Midoobay soo jeedisay in la kala qaybiyo ay diideen Falastiiniyiinta iyo dalalka kale ee Carabta .
Dagaalkii Falastiin ee 1948 wuxuu arkay barakicin xoog leh oo badan oo ka mid ah dadka Carabta, oo sidaas darteed la aasaasay Israa'iil; Dhacdooyinkan waxa ay falastiiniyiintu u yaqaaniin Nakba ('masiibo'). Dagaalkii lixda maalmood socday ee 1967, Israa'iil waxay qabsatay Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza , oo ay kala haysteen Jordan iyo Masar siday u kala horreeyaan. Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO) wuxuu ku dhawaaqay madax-bannaani 1988. 1993, PLO waxay heshiis Oslo la saxiixday Israel, abuurista maamulka PLO ee Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza iyada oo loo marayo Maamulka Falastiin (PA). Israa'iil ayaa Gaza isaga baxday sannadkii 2005-tii oo ay ka go'day , balse dhulkaas ayaa weli loo arkaa in uu ku jiro qabsasho ciidan, waxaana go'doomiyay Israa'iil. Sannadkii 2007dii, kala qaybsanaan gudaha ah oo u dhaxaysa kooxaha siyaasadda ayaa horseeday in Xamaas ay la wareegto Gaza . Tan iyo markaas, Daanta Galbeed waxaa maamula qayb kamid ah ururka Fatax uu hoggaamiyo, halka Marinka Qaza uu weli ku sii jiro gacanta Xamaas .
Israa'iil ayaa tan iyo 1967-dii ka dhisatay deegaamayn ballaaran oo ay ka dhisatay Daanta Galbeed iyo Bariga Quddus, kuwaas oo hadda ay ku nool yihiin in ka badan 670,000 oo Israa'iil ah oo degganaa, kuwaas oo sharci darro ah marka loo eego sharciga caalamiga ah . Weeraradii ay qaadeen kooxaha hubaysan ee Xamaas ay hogaaminayso bishii Oktoobar 2023 ee Israa’iil waxaa ku xigay dagaalka Gaza , kaas oo sababay khasaare nafeed oo baaxad leh, barokac dadwayne , dhibaato bini’aadantinimo , iyo macaluul ka socota Marinka Gaza. Sida laga soo xigtay guddi gaar ah oo Qaramada Midoobay ah , Amnesty International iyo khubaro kale iyo hay'adaha xuquuqul insaanka, Israa'iil waxay geysatay xasuuq ka dhan ah dadka reer Falastiin intii ay socotay duullaanka iyo duqeymaha ay ku hayso marinka Qaza . 
Qaar ka mid ah caqabadaha haysta Falastiin waxaa ka mid ah dawlad aan waxtar lahayn, qabsashada Israa'iil, xannibaado, xannibaado dhaqdhaqaaqa , deegaamaynta Israa'iil iyo rabshadaha degayaasha , iyo sidoo kale xaalad ammaan guud oo liidata. Su'aalaha xuduudaha Falastiin , sharciga iyo xaaladda diblomaasiyadeed ee Jerusalem, iyo xuquuqda soo celinta qaxootiga Falastiin ayaa weli aan la xalin. Iyadoo ay jiraan caqabadahaas, waddanku waxa uu sii wadaa dhaqaale soo koraya oo wuxuu arkaa dalxiis joogto ah . Carabiga waa luqadda rasmiga ah ee dalka. Iyadoo inta badan Falastiiniyiintu ay ku dhaqmaan diinta Islaamka , Masiixiyadda sidoo kale waxay leedahay joogitaan . Falastiin ayaa sidoo kale xubin ka ah dhowr urur oo caalami ah oo ay ku jiraan Jaamacadda Carabta iyo Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka , UNESCO  iyo wafdi xildhibaanno ah oo fadhiya Golaha Baarlamaanka ee Golaha Yurub.

==Asalka erayga==
Erayga &quot;Falastiin&quot; (Laatiin, Palæstina ) wuxuu ka yimid Giriiggii hore oo ka yimid magac-sare oo Semitic ah oo loogu talagalay guud ahaan aagga guud ee soo noqnoqda dabayaaqadii qarnigii labaad ee BCE, falcelintaas oo sidoo kale laga helayo qowmiyadda Baybalka ee Falastiin . Erayga &quot;Falastiin&quot; waxa loo adeegsaday in lagu tilmaamo aagga koonfur-bari ee badda Mediterranean-ka ee ka xigta Suuriya .Qarnigii 5-aad ee BCE, shaqadiisa Taariikhda , Herodotus wuxuu adeegsaday ereyga si uu u qeexo &quot;degmada Suuriya, oo loo yaqaan Palaistine&quot; kaas oo Fenishiyan ay la falgaleen dadyowga kale ee badda. 
===Eray bixinta===
Maqaalkani waxa uu adeegsanayaa ereyada &quot;Falastiin&quot;, &quot;Dawladda Falastiin&quot;, &quot;Dhulka Falastiin ee la haysto (oPt ama OPT)&quot; si is beddel ah iyadoo ku xidhan macnaha guud. Gaar ahaan, ereyga &quot;dhulka Falastiin ee la haysto&quot; waxaa loola jeedaa guud ahaan aagga juqraafi ee dhulka falastiiniyiinta ee ay qabsato Israa'iil tan iyo 1967. Falastiin waxay ku xiran tahay xaaladaha, waxaa loo tixraaci karaa waddan ama dawlad, maamulkeedana guud ahaan waxaa loo aqoonsan karaa inay tahay Dawladda Falastiin

==Taariikhda==
===Laga soo bilaabo taariikhdii hore ilaa waagii Cusmaaniyiinta===
Gobolka Falastiin waa qayb ka mid ah gobolka ballaadhan ee Levant , kaas oo u taagan buundada dhulka ee u dhaxaysa Afrika iyo Eurasia . Meelaha Levant dhaqan ahaan waxay u adeegaan sidii &quot;isgoysyada Galbeedka Aasiya , Bariga Mediterranean-ka , iyo Waqooyi Bari Afrika &quot;, iyo ereyada tectonic waxay ku yaalaan &quot;waqooyi-galbeed ee saxanka Carabta &quot;.  Falastiin lafteedu waxay ka mid ahayd gobollada ugu horreeya si ay u arkaan deegaanka aadanaha, bulshooyinka beeraha iyo ilbaxnimada . Meesha ay ku taallo awgeed, waxaa taariikh ahaan loo arkayay inay tahay jid-goynta diinta, dhaqanka, ganacsiga iyo siyaasadda. Qarnigii Bronze-ka , reer Kancaanku waxay dhisteen dawlado-magaalo oo ay saamaysay ilbaxnimooyinka ku xeeran, oo ay ka mid yihiin Masar, oo xukumaysay aagga qarniyadii naxaasta. Intii lagu jiray xilligii birta , laba boqortooyo oo Israa'iil ah oo xidhiidh la lahaa , Israa'iil iyo Yahuudda , ayaa gacanta ku hayay inta badan Falastiin, halka Falastiiniyiintuna ay qabsadeen xeebta koonfureed. Reer Ashuur waxay qabsadeen gobolka qarnigii 8aad ee BC, ka dibna Baabiyloon c.  601 BCE , waxaa ku xigay Boqortooyadii Achaemenid ee Faaris oo qabsatay Boqortooyadii Baabiyloon 539 BCE. Alexander the Great wuxuu qabsaday boqortooyadii Faaris dabayaaqadii 330-meeyadii BC, isagoo bilaabay Hellenization .
Dabayaaqadii qarnigii 2aad ee BCE Kacdoonkii Maccabean , Boqortooyada Hasmonean ee Yuhuuddu waxay qabsatay Falastiin inteeda badan; Boqortooyadu ka dib waxay noqotay vassal Rome , kaas oo ku daray 63 BCE. Yahuudiya Roomaanka waxaa dhibay kacdoonadii Yuhuuda 66 CE, sidaas darteed Rome waxay burburisay Yeruusaalem iyo Macbadka Labaad ee Yuhuudda 70 CE. Qarnigii 4aad, markii Boqortooyada Roomaanka ay qaadatay diinta Masiixiga , Falastiin waxay noqotay xarun diinta, soo jiidata xujaajta, suufiyada iyo culimada. Ka dib qabsashadii Muslimiinta ee Levant 636-641, boqortooyadii xukumayay ayaa midba midka kale ka dambeeyay: Rashiduns ; Umayyad , Cabbaasiyiinta ; Tuluniyiinta iyo Ikhshidiid kuwa madaxa banaan ; Faadimiyiinta ; iyo Seljuks . Sanadkii 1099, Saliibiyadii Koowaad waxay keentay in Saliibiyiintu ay dhistaan ​​Boqortooyada Jerusalem , taas oo ay dib u qabsadeen Ayyubid Sultanate 1187. Ka dib duulaankii Boqortooyada Mongol ee dabayaaqadii 1250-meeyadii, Mamluks Masar waxay dib ula midoobeen Falastiin iyada oo ay maamusho , ka hor inta aan gobolka la qabsan Boqortooyadii 1aad ee Suuriya. Qarnigii 20aad inta badan muran la'aan
===Kor u kaca qarannimada Falastiin===
In kasta oo dadka Falastiiniyiinta ah, gaar ahaan qoysaska caanka ah ee magaalooyinka ka shaqeeya gudaha xafiiska Ottoman, guud ahaan waxay sii hayaan daacadnimadooda Ottomans, waxay sidoo kale door muhiim ah ka ciyaareen kor u kaca wadaninimada Carabta , iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa Pan-Arabic kuwaas oo ka jawaabay labadaba soo ifbaxa dhaqdhaqaaqa dhalinyarada Turkiga iyo daciifinta dambe ee dagaalka ee Sion ee awoodda 7 . kuwaas oo doonayey in ay ka dhisaan dhulka Yuhuuda ee Falastiin, sidoo kale waxay saameyn xooggan ku yeesheen miyir-qabka qaranka Falastiin. 
Cabdul Xamiid , oo ahaa suldaankii ugu dambeeyay ee Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta, ayaa ka horyimid dadaallada dhaqdhaqaaqa Sahyuuniyadda ee Falastiin. Dhammaadkii taliskii Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta ee Falastiin waxay ku soo beegantay markii uu dhammaaday dagaalkii 1aad ee Adduunka . Fashilka Amiir Faysal ee ku guul daraystay in la dhiso Suuriya-weyn iyada oo la eegayo sheegashada gumaystaha Faransiiska iyo Ingiriiska ee aaggaas, waxa kale oo ay qaabaysay dedaallada madaxda falastiiniyiinta si ay u helaan madaxbannaani maxalli ah.  Ka dib dagaalkii, Falastiin waxay soo gashay gacanta Ingiriiska iyada oo la fulinayo Waajibaadka Ingiriiska ee Falastiin 1920.
===Waajibaadka Ingiriiska===
[[File:Deir Yassin 1930s.jpg|thumb|Xasuuqa Deyr Yaasiin ee tuulooyinka Falastiin waxaa fuliyay malayshiyaadka Sahyuuniyadda, Irgun iyo Lehi intii lagu jiray dagaalkii Falastiin 1948-kii .]]
Jabkii Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta ee dagaalkii 1aad ee Adduunka waxa ay keentay in xukunkoodii la burburiyo. Sannadkii 1920-kii, Ururka Qarammada Midoobay waxa ay siisay Britain awoodda ay ku maamusho Falastiin, taas oo horseedaysa xilliga xiga ee maamulka Ingiriiska. Sannadkii 1917kii, Quddus waxa qabsaday ciidammo Ingiriis ah oo uu hoggaaminayey General Allenby , taasoo calaamad u ahayd dhammaadka xukunkii Cusmaaniyiinta ee magaalada.  Sannadkii 1920-kii, xiisado ayaa ka dhex qarxay beelaha Yuhuudda iyo Carabta, taasoo keentay isku dhacyo rabshado wata iyo rabshado ka dhacay guud ahaan Falastiin. 
Jamciyadda Quruumuhu waxay ansixiyeen Mandate-ka Ingiriiska ee Falastiin 1922-kii, iyaga oo u wakiishay Ingiriiska maamulka gobolka.  Intii lagu jiray 1920-meeyadii, Falastiin waxay la kulantay iska caabin sii kordheysa oo ka timid labada dhaqdhaqaaq ee wadaninimada Yuhuudda iyo Carabta, kuwaas oo ka muuqday rabshado goos goos ah iyo mudaaharaadyo ka dhan ah siyaasadaha Ingiriiska.  Sannadkii 1929-kii, rabshado rabshado wata ayaa ka qarxay Falastiin sababo la xidhiidha murannada socdaalka Yuhuudda iyo gelitaanka gidaarka Galbeed ee Qudus. 
1930-meeyadii ayaa goob joog u ahaa kacdoonkii Carabta , iyadoo wadaniyiinta Carabta ay dalbadeen in la joojiyo socdaalka Yahuudda iyo in la dhiso dowlad Carab ah oo madax banaan. Iyaga oo ka jawaabaya kacdoonka Carabta, Ingiriisku waxa uu geeyay ciidamo millatari waxana uu fuliyay tallaabooyin adag oo amniga ah si uu u damiyo kacdoonka. 
Kooxaha wadaniiyiinta Carabta, oo uu hogaaminayo guddiga sare ee Carabta ,ayaa ku baaqay in la joojiyo socdaalka Yuhuuda iyo iibinta dhulka ee Yuhuuda. Soo saarista 1939-kii warqad cad oo ay soo saartay dawladda Ingiriisku waxay ujeedadeedu ahayd in ay wax ka qabato xiisadaha sii kordhaya ee Carabta iyo Yuhuudda ee Falastiin.  Dukumeenti siyaasadeedkan ayaa xayiraad ku soo rogay socdaalka Yuhuudda iyo iibsashada dhulka, iyada oo ujeedadu tahay in la xaddido samaynta dawlad Yuhuudi ah. Waxay la kulantay mucaaradad xooggan oo ka timid dhaqdhaqaaqa Sionist, Warqadda cad waxaa loo arkay inay tahay khiyaano ku dhawaaqida Balfour iyo rabitaanka Sionist ee dhulkii Yuhuudda
Iyaga oo ka jawaabaya warqadda cad, bulshada Sahyuuniyadda ee Falastiin waxay soo abaabushay shaqo joojin 1939-kii, oo ay kaga soo horjeedeen xannibaadaha socdaalka Yuhuudda iyo la wareegidda dhulka.  Shaqo joojintan ka dhanka ah warqada cad waxay ku lug lahayd mudaaharaadyo, caasinimo shacab, iyo xidhidh ganacsiyo.  Waxaa taageeraya ururada kala duwan ee Sahyuuniyadda, oo ay ku jiraan Hay'adda Yuhuudda iyo Histadrut (Xiriirka Guud ee Shaqada Yuhuudda), shaqo-joojinta warqadda cad ee ka-hortagga ah waxay ujeeddadeedu tahay in ay ka mudaaharaadaan oo ay ka hortagaan xaddidaadaha ay soo rogtay dawladda Ingiriiska. 
Dabayaaqadii 1930-meeyadii iyo 1940-meeyadii, kooxo badan oo Sahyuuniyadda Sahyuuniyadda ah, oo ay ku jiraan Irgun , Hagana , iyo Lehi , waxa ay fuliyeen falal rabshado ah oo ka dhan ah millatariga Ingiriiska iyo bartilmaameedyadii rayidka ahaa ee ay ku baadigoobayeen dowlad madax bannaan oo Yahuudda ah. Iyadoo Muftiga weyn ee Jerusalem, Haj Amin al-Husseini , uu la kaashaday Nazi Germany xilligii dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka, dhammaan muslimiintu ma taageereen ficilladiisa, waxaana jiray dhacdooyin ay Muslimiintu gacan ka geysteen badbaadinta Yuhuudda xilligii Holocaust. 
Sannadkii 1946-kii, duqeyn ay soo agaasimeen Irgun oo ka dhacay hotelka King David ee magaalada Jerusalem ayaa sababay dhimashada 91 qof oo ay ku jiraan saraakiil British ah, dad rayid ah iyo shaqaalihii hoteelka. Menachem Begin iyo Yitzhak Shamir , oo markii dambe noqday hoggaamiyeyaasha siyaasadda ee dawladda Israa'iil, ayaa ka dambeeyay weerarradan argaggixiso. 
Dhacdadii Baxniintii 1947-kii waxay soo shaacbaxday markii markab siday dad ka badbaaday Holocaust oo Yuhuudi ah, kuwaas oo magangelyo u soo doontay Falastiin, ay ciidammada badda ee Britain soo dhex-galeen, taasoo keentay isku dhacyo, ugu dambayntiina dib loogu masaafurinayo qaxootigii Yurub.  Intii lagu jiray dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka , Falastiin waxay u adeegtay goob istiraatijiyad ahaan muhiim u ah hawlgalada militari ee Ingiriiska ee ka dhanka ah ciidamada Axis ee Waqooyiga Afrika .  1947, Qaramada Midoobay waxay soo jeedisay qorshe qaybsan oo Falastiin ah, soo jeedinta Yuhuudda iyo Carabta kala duwan, laakiin waxaa diiday dalalka Carabta halka ay aqbaleen hoggaamiyeyaasha Yuhuudda
===Dagaalkii Carabta iyo Israa'iil===
1947kii, UN-tu waxay ansixisay qorshe qaybsi oo ah in xal laba dawladood ah laga gaadho dhulka ka haray ee loo igmaday. Qorshahaas waxaa aqbalay Hoggaanka Yahuudda balse waxaa ku gacan seyray madaxda Carabta, Ingiriiskana wuu diiday inuu fuliyo qorshahaas. Habeenimadii ugu dambaysay ee bixitaanka Ingiriisku, Hay'adda Yuhuudda ee Israa'iil , oo uu madax ka yahay David Ben-Gurion , ayaa ku dhawaaqday aasaaska Dawladda Israa'iil sida uu qabo qorshaha Qaramada Midoobay. Guddiga Sare ee Carabtu kuma dhawaaqin dawlad ay iyagu leeyihiin, taas beddelkeedna, oo ay weheliyaan Transjordan , Masar, iyo xubnihii kale ee Jaamacadda Carabta ee wakhtigaas, waxay bilaabeen tallaabo millatari oo ka dhalatay dagaalkii Carabta iyo Israa’iil ee 1948-kii .
Intii uu dagaalka socday, Israa'iil waxay heshay dhulal dheeri ah oo loo qoondeeyay inay ka mid noqdaan dawladda Carabta ee qorshaha Qaramada Midoobay. Masar waxa ay qabsatay marinka Qaza , Transjordan waxa ay qabsatay ka dibna ku darsatay daanta galbeed . Masar markii hore waxay taageertay abuuritaanka dawlad dhan Falastiin laakiin waxay kala dirtay 1959. Transjordan waligeed ma aqoonsanin taas beddelkeeda waxay go'aansatay inay ku darto Daanta Galbeed dhulkeeda si ay u sameyso Jordan . Ku-darka waxa la ansixiyay 1950-kii balse waxaa diiday beesha caalamka.
Sannadkii 1964-kii, markii Daanta Galbeed ay gacanta ku haysay Urdun, waxaa halkaas laga aasaasay Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin, ujeeddaduna tahay in ay iska horkeento Israa’iil. Axdiga Qaranka Falastiin ee PLO wuxuu qeexayaa xuduudaha Falastiin inay yihiin dhammaan dhulka haray ee loo igmaday, oo ay ku jirto Israel. Dagaalkii lixda maalmood socday ee 1967, markii Israa'iil ay la dagaalantay Masar, Urdun iyo Suuriya, waxay ku dhammaatay Israa'iil oo qabsatay Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qaza, marka laga reebo dhulal kale.  Ka dib Dagaalkii Lixda Maalmood, PLO waxay u guurtay Urdun, laakiin waxay u guurtay Lubnaan 1971. 
Bishii Oktoobar 1974-kii shirkii Jaamacadda Carabta ayaa PLO u aqoonsaday inay tahay &quot;matelada kaliya ee sharciga ah ee dadka Falastiiniyiinta&quot; waxayna dib u xaqiijiyeen &quot;xuquuqda ay u leeyihiin inay dhistaan ​​dowlad madax-bannaan oo degdeg ah&quot;. Bishii Noofambar 1974, PLO waxaa loo aqoonsaday inay ku habboon tahay dhammaan arrimaha khuseeya su'aasha Falastiin Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay iyaga oo siinaya xaalad goobjooge ah &quot;mid aan dawli ahayn&quot; ee Qaramada Midoobay. Iyadoo loo marayo Heshiisyada Camp David ee 1979, Masar waxay calaamadisay soo afjarida sheegasho kasta oo ay ku leedahay Marinka Gaza. Bishii Luulyo 1988-kii, Urdun waxa ay sheegashadiisa ku wareejisay Daanta Galbeed -marka laga reebo ilaalinta Xaram al-Shariif - PLO.
Kadib markii ay Israa’iil qabsatay oo qabsatay Daanta Galbeed ee Urdun iyo Marinka Qaza ee Masar, waxa ay bilowday in ay deegaamayn ka samaysato Israa’iil . Maamulka dadka Carabta ah ee dhulalkan waxaa fulinayey Maamulka Madaniga ah ee Israa'iil ee Isku-duwaha Hawlaha Dawladda ee Territories iyo golayaasha degaanka ee degaanka ee joogay tan iyo ka hor intaanay la wareegin Israel. Sannadkii 1980-kii, Israa'iil waxay go'aansatey in ay hakiso doorashooyinka golayaashan iyo in ay dhisto ururro Tuulo , kuwaas oo saraakiishooda ay ku hoos jireen saamaynta Israa'iil. Ka dib qaabkani wuxuu noqday mid aan waxtar u lahayn Israa'iil iyo Falastiin labadaba, iyo Tuulooyinka Leegada waxay bilaabeen inay burburaan, oo ay ugu dambaysay Hebron League, oo la kala diray Febraayo 1988
===Kacdoon, ku dhawaaqid iyo heshiis nabadeed===
Intifada koowaad waxay soo baxday 1987, oo lagu garto mudaaharaadyo baahsan, shaqo joojin iyo falal gadood shacab oo falastiiniyiin ah oo ku sugan Marinka Gaza iyo Daanta Galbeed ee ka dhanka ah qabsashada Israel.  Bishii Nofeembar 1988, sharci-dejinta PLO, inta lagu jiro dibad-baxa, ayaa ku dhawaaqay aasaaska &quot;Dowladda Falastiin&quot; .  Bishii ku xigtay, waxaa si degdeg ah u aqoonsaday dawlado badan, oo ay ku jiraan Masar iyo Urdun.  Baaqa Falastiin ee Madax-bannaanida, Dawladda Falastiin waxaa lagu tilmaamay in lagu dhisay &quot;dhulka Falastiin&quot;, iyada oo aan si cad loo sheegin. 
Kadib ku dhawaaqistii madax banaanida 1988, Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay wuxuu si rasmi ah u aqoonsaday ku dhawaaqista wuxuuna go'aansaday inuu isticmaalo magaca &quot;Falastiin&quot; halkii &quot;Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin&quot; ee Qaramada Midoobay.  In kasta oo go'aankan, PLO kamay qaybgelin UN awooddeeda dawladda Falastiin.  Isku dhacyada rabshadaha wata ee u dhexeeya dibad-baxayaasha Falastiiniyiinta iyo ciidamada Israel ayaa sii xoogaystay 1989kii, taas oo keentay khasaare nafeed oo la taaban karo iyo xiisadda sii kordheysa ee dhulalka la haysto.  1990 ayaa goob joog ka ahaa soo rogida tillaabooyin adag oo ay ku soo rogtay dawladda Israa’iil, oo ay ku jiraan bandow iyo xidhidh, isku day lagu cabudhinayo Intifada iyo in lagu ilaaliyo xukunka dhulalka la haysto
[[File:Intifada in Gaza Strip (FL45956496).jpg|thumb|Intifada ugu horeysay ee Gaza, 1987]]
Dagaalkii Gacanka 1990-1991 wuxuu keenay dareenka dheeraadka ah ee khilaafka, taasoo keentay dadaallo dublamaasiyadeed oo la xoojiyay si loo helo xal nabadeed.  Saddam Hussein waxa uu ahaa taageere qadiyada falastiiniyiinta waxana uu taageero ka helay Carafaat xiligii dagaalka. Ka dib duulaankii Kuwait , Saddam ayaa ka yaabiyay beesha caalamka isagoo u soo bandhigay yabooh nabadeed Israa'iil iyo ka soo bixitaanka ciidamada Ciraaq ee Kuwait, taas oo beddelkeeda ka bixista Daanta Galbeed, Marinka Gaza, Bariga Jerusalem iyo Golan Heights.  In kasta oo yabooha nabadeed la diiday, haddana Saddam wuxuu amray in gantaallo lagu rido dhulka Israa'iil. Dhaqdhaqaaqan waxaa taageeray Falastiiniyiinta. sidoo kale dagaalku wuxuu horseeday in Falastiiniyiinta laga saaro Kuwait iyo Sacuudi Carabiya , maadaama ay dawladoodu taageertay Ciraaq . 
Sannadkii 1993-kii, heshiiskii Oslo waxa ay wada saxeexdeen Israa’iil iyo Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO), kaas oo horseeday in la aasaaso maamulka Falastiiniyiinta (PA) iyo jid nabadeed oo suurtagal ah.  Yaasir Carafaat waxaa loo doortay madaxweynaha maamulka cusub ee Falastiin ee la sameeyay 1994, taasoo calaamad u ah tallaabo muhiim ah oo loo qaaday ismaamul.
[[File:Arafat saluda 3.jpg|thumb|Yaasir Carafaat]]
Israa'iil waxay qiratay kooxda wada xaajoodka ee PLO inay &quot;matalayso dadka Falastiiniyiinta&quot;, taas beddelkeeda PLO waxay aqoonsanaysaa xaqa ay Israa'iil u leedahay inay nabad ku jirto, oggolaanshaha qaraarrada Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay ee 242 iyo 338 , iyo diidmada &quot;rabshad iyo argagixisanimo&quot;.  Natiijo ahaan, 1994-kii PLO waxay dhistay Maamulka Qaranka Falastiiniyiinta (PNA ama PA) maamulka dhuleed, kaas oo ku shaqeeya qaar ka mid ah hawlaha dawladda qaybo ka mid ah Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza.  Sida ku cad heshiiskii Oslo, Israa'iil waxay ogolaatay PLO inay dhisto hay'ado maamul oo ku meel gaar ah dhulka Falastiiniyiinta, kuwaas oo ku yimid qaabka PNA. Waxaa la siiyay maamulka rayidka ee Aagga B iyo ilaalinta rayidka iyo amniga ee Aagga A, waxayna ku sii jirtay iyada oo aan lug ku lahayn aagga C.
[[File:Clashes following the Cave of the Patriarchs massacre, 1994 Dan Hadani Archive V.jpg|thumb|Kacdoono shacab oo ka dhacay Qudus oo ka dhashay xasuuqii 1994kii]]
Geedi-socodka nabadda waxa uu kasbaday diidmo ka timid labada Falastiin iyo Israa’iil. Ururada islaamiga ah sida Xamaas iyo Islamic Jihad ayaa ka soo horjeestay weerarka waxayna ka jawaabeen weeraro ka dhan ah dadka rayidka ah ee ku nool Israa’iil. Sannadkii 1994-kii, Baruch Goldstein , oo Israa’iili ah oo xag-jir ah, ayaa 29 qof ku dilay Hebron, oo loo yaqaanay Godka Wadaadka . Dhacdooyinkaasi waxay horseedeen kororka mucaaradka Falastiin ee geeddi-socodka nabadda. Nasiib darro, 1995, Ra'iisul Wasaarihii Israa'iil Yitzhak Rabin waxaa dilay Yigal Amir - oo ahaa xagjir, taas oo gobolka u horseeday xasillooni darro siyaasadeed.
Doorashadii guud ee Falastiin ee ugu horeysay abid waxay dhacday 1996, taasoo keentay in Carafaat dib loogu doorto madaxweynaha iyo samaynta golaha sharci dejinta ee Falastiin . Bilawga hirgelinta heshiiskii Oslo, Israa'iil waxay bilowday inay dib u daabusho ciidamadeeda magaalooyinka Falastiiniyiinta ee la doortay ee Daanta Galbeed 1997 .
Sannadkii 1997dii, dawladda Israa’iil oo uu hoggaaminayey Benjamin Netanyahu iyo dawladda Falastiin waxay saxeexeen hab-maamuuska Hebron , kaas oo qeexayey in ciidammada Israa’iil ay dib uga hawl-galaan qaybo ka mid ah Xebroon ee daanta galbeed, taas oo dawladda siisay in ay si weyn u maamusho magaalada.  Israa'iil iyo dawladda Falastiin waxay saxeexeen Memorandum-ka Wye River Memorandum 1998, iyaga oo ujeedadoodu tahay in la horumariyo fulinta heshiiskii Oslo. Heshiiska waxaa ku jiray qodobbo ku saabsan ka bixitaanka Israel iyo iskaashiga amniga. 
Muddadii sannadaha Oslo waxay barwaaqo weyn u horseedday degaannada ay dawladdu maamusho, inkastoo ay jiraan arrimo dhaqaale. Maamulka Falastiin ayaa dhistay garoonkii labaad ee dalkaasi ee Gaza, kadib garoonka caalamiga ah ee Qudus . Xafladii lagu daah furayay garoonka ayaa waxaa ka soo qeyb galay Bill Clinton iyo Nelson Mandela . Sannadkii 1999-kii, Ehud Barak waxa uu la wareegay jagada Ra’iisal-wasaaraha Israa’iil, isaga oo dib u soo cusboonaysiiyay dadaalladii lagu doonayay in heshiis maqaam oo kama dambays ah lala gaadho Falastiiniyiinta. Shirweynihii Camp David ee 2000 ayaa ujeeddadiisu ahayd in lagu xalliyo arrimaha haray balse waxa uu ku dhammaaday iyada oo aan la helin heshiis dhammaystiran, taas oo u adeegta sidii guul u ahayd geeddi-socodka nabadda.
===Intifada labaad iyo dagaal sokeeye===
[[File:אוקטובר 2000 1.jpg|thumb|Kacdoon shacab oo ka dhacay Xebroon, 2000]]
Shir madaxeed nabadeed oo dhex maray Yaasir Carafaat iyo Ehud Barak waxa dhexdhexaadinayey Bill Clinton 2000 . Si kastaba ha ahaatee heshiiska ayaa ku guuldareystay in uu ka hadlo arrimaha qaxootiga Falastiiniyiinta, xaaladda Qudus iyo walaaca ammaanka ee Israel.  Labada dhinac ayaa midba midka kale ku eedeeyay fashilka shirka.  Tani waxay noqotay mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu waaweyn ee kacdoonka dhici doona soo socda. 
Bishii Sebtembar 2000, hogaamiyaha mucaaradka ee xisbiga Likud , Ariel Sharon , ayaa booqasho firfircoon ku tagay Temple Mount, wuxuuna jeediyay khudbad muran badan dhalisay, taasoo ka cadhaysiisay Falastiiniyiinta reer Qudus . Xiisaddii waxay isu rogtay rabshado.  Iskudhacyo dhiig ayaa ka dhacay hareeraha Yeruusaalem. Rabshadaha sii kordhaya ayaa sababay in la xiro Gegida Diyaaradaha ee magaalada Jerusalem , kaas oo aan shaqayn ilaa maanta.  Rabshado badan oo u dhexeeya Yuhuuda iyo Carabta ayaa ka dhacay bishii Oktoobar 2000 gudaha Israa'iil.
[[File:חומת מגן 21.jpg|thumb|Kaniisadda Dhalashada ee la hareereeyey 2002dii]]
Isla bishaas, laba askari oo Israa'iiliyiin ah ayaa lagu dilay Ramallah . Intii u dhaxaysay Nofeembar iyo Disembar isku dhacyada u dhexeeya Falastiiniyiinta iyo Israa'iiliyiinta ayaa sii kordhay.  Sannadkii 2001dii shir madaxeedka Taba ayaa dhex maray Israa'iil iyo Falastiin. Laakiin shirwaynaha ayaa ku guuldareystay inuu fuliyo, Ariel Sharon wuxuu noqday ra'iisul wasaare doorashadii 2001. Sannadkii 2001dii, weerarrada kooxaha Falastiiniyiinta ee ku wajahan Israa'iil ayaa kordhay.  Gegida dayuuradaha ee Qaza ayaa lagu burburiyay duqayn cirka ah oo ay geysteen ciidamada Israa'iil 2001, iyaga oo isku sheegay in ay uga aargoosanayaan weerarradii hore ee Xamaas. 
Bishii Janaayo 2002, IDF Shayetet 13 kumaandooska badda waxay qabteen Karine A , oo ah xamuul siday hub ka yimid Iran una socday Israa'iil.  Qaraarkii UNSC ee tirsigiisu ahaa 1397 ayaa la meel mariyay, kaas oo dib u xaqiijiya in xal laba dawladood ah la helo , isla markaana dhidibbada u taagay khariidadda nabadda . Weerar kale oo ay qaadeen Xamaas ayaa waxaa ku dhintay 30 qof .68​​​​​​​​​ 
Sannadkii 2002, Israa'iil waxay bilawday Hawlgalka Difaaca Difaaca ka dib xasuuqii Kormaridda . Dagaal culus oo u dhexeeya IDF iyo dagaalyahannada Falastiin ayaa ka dhacay Jenin . Kaniisadda Dhalashada waxaa go'doomiyay IDF hal usbuuc ilaa wadahadallo guul leh ay dhaceen , taasoo keentay in ciidamada Israa'iil laga saaro kaniisadda.  Intii u dhaxaysay 2003 iyo 2004, dad ka soo jeeda qabiilka Qawasameh ee Xebroon ayaa la dilay ama isku qarxiyay is qarxin.  Ariel Sharon wuxuu amar ku bixiyay in la dhiso xayndaabyo laga dhisayo dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ay maamusho iyo deegaamaynta Israa'iil ee Daanta Galbeed si looga hortago weeraro mustaqbalka. 
Saddaam Xuseen waxa uu taageero dhaqaale u fidiyay dagaalyahannada Falastiiniyiinta ee Ciraaq ka soo qaxay xilligii intifada, laga soo bilaabo 2000 ilaa la afgambiyay 2003.  Waxa la soo jeediyay hindise nabadeed 2003, taas oo uu taageeray Carafaat oo uu diiday Sharon. Sannadkii 2004tii hogaamiyihii Xamaas iyo aasaasihii ururka Xamaas Axmed Yaasiin waxaa lagu dilay ciidamada Israa’iil ee Gaza.  Yaasir Carafaat waxa uu ku xidhnaa xaruntiisa Ramallah. Noofambar 11, Yaasir Carafaat wuxuu ku dhintay Paris
[[File:Demonstration against road block, Kafr Qaddum, March 2012 3.JPG|Mudaaharaad lagaga soo horjeedo jid-gooyo, Kafr Qaddum , March 2012]]
Todobaadkii ugu horeeyey ee 2005, Maxamuud Cabbaas ayaa loo doortay inuu noqdo madaxweynaha Dawladda Falastiin. Sannadkii 2005, Israa'iil waxay si buuxda uga baxday Marinka Qaza iyagoo burburiyay degaannadii ay ku noolaayeen. Sannadkii 2005tii, xaaladdu waxay bilowday inay sii xumaato. Sannadkii 2006, Xamaas ayaa ku guulaysatay doorashooyinkii sharci dejinta ee Falastiin. Tani waxay keentay khilaaf siyaasadeed oo ka dhexeeya Fatah.  Iska horimaad hubaysan ayaa ka dhacay guud ahaan Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qaza labadaba.  Iska horimaadyadu waxay isu beddeleen dagaal sokeeye, kaasoo ku dhammaaday iska-horimaadyo dhiig badan ku daatay oo ka dhacay Marinka Qaza.  Natiijo ahaan, Xamaas waxay gacanta ku dhigtay dhammaan dhulka Gaza. 
Boqolaal qof ayaa ku dhintay dagaalka sokeeye oo ay ku jiraan maleeshiyaad iyo dad rayid ah. Tan iyo markaas Xamaas waxay heshay madax-bannaani dheeraad ah hab-dhaqankeeda milatari. Tan iyo 2007, Israa'iil waxay hogaaminaysay go'doomin qayb ka mid ah Gaza.  Shir madaxeed kale oo nabadeed ayaa waxaa soo qabanqaabiyay Jaamacadda Carabta 2007, iyadoo isla dalabkaas lagu soo bandhigay shirkii 2002. Si kastaba ha ahaatee geeddi-socodkii nabadeed wuu socon waayay. PNA waxay si buuxda u maamusho Marinka Gaza marka laga reebo xudduudaheeda, hawadeeda, iyo dhul-badeedkeeda 
===Colaad sii socota===
[[File:Westbank Control &amp; Access Restrictions Dec 2012.png|thumb|Degsiimooyinka Israa'iil ee Daanta Galbeed, 2012]]
Kala qaybsanaanta u dhaxaysa Daanta Galbeed iyo Qaza waxay sii adkeysay dadaallada lagu doonayo in lagu gaaro midnimada Falastiin iyo in heshiis nabadeed oo dhamaystiran lala galo Israa'iil . Wareegyo badan oo dib-u-heshiisiin ah ayaa la qabtay, laakiin lama gaarin heshiis waara. Kala qaybsanaantu waxay kaloo caqabad ku noqotay in la dhiso dawlad midaysan oo falastiiniyiin ah, waxayna u horseedday hannaan dawladeed iyo siyaasado kala duwan oo labada dhul ah. 
Ka dib iskahorimaadkii Falastiiniyiinta ee 2006, Xamaas waxay la wareegtay gacan ku haynta Marinka Gaza (waxay hore u haysatay aqlabiyadda PLC), Fatah waxay la wareegtay maamulka Daanta Galbeed. Laga soo bilaabo 2007, Marinka Gaza waxaa maamuli jiray Xamaas, Daanta Galbeedna waxaa maamuli jiray xisbiga Fatax ee uu hoggaamiyo maamulka Falastiin. 
Dadaalka caalamiga ah ee dib u soo noolaynta geeddi-socodka nabadda ayaa sii socday. Mareykanka oo ay hogaaminayaan maamulo kala duwan ayaa sameeyay isku dayo kala duwan oo lagu doonayo in lagu dhexdhexaadiyo Israa’iil iyo Falastiiniyiinta. 
Caqabado la taaban karo sida ballaarinta dejinta, xaaladda Qudus, xudduudaha , iyo xaqa u noqoshada qaxootiga Falastiin , ayaa ahaa kuwo aan la xallin.  Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, hindisayaal diblomaasiyadeed ayaa soo baxay, oo ay ku jiraan heshiisyada caadiga ah ee u dhexeeya Israa'iil iyo dhowr waddan oo Carbeed , oo loo yaqaan heshiiskii Abraham .  Heshiisyadan, inkastoo aan si toos ah looga hadlin iskahorimaadka Israel iyo Falastiin, waxay dib u habeyn ku sameeyeen dhaqdhaqaaqa gobolka waxayna keeneen su'aalo ku saabsan mustaqbalka rabitaanka Falastiin ee dawladnimada. Xaaladda hadda jirta ayaa weli ah mid caqabad ku ah Falastiiniyiinta, iyada oo arrimaha socda ee la qabsiga, ballaarinta dejinta, dhaqdhaqaaqa xaddidan, iyo dhibaatooyinka dhaqaale. 
Weeraro ay qaadeen kooxaha hubaysan ee Xamaas ay hogaamiso bishii Oktoobar 2023 ee Israa’iil waxaa xigay dagaalka Gaza . Dagaalku wuxuu sababay burbur baahsan, dhibaato bini'aadantinimo , iyo macaluul ka socota marinka Qaza.  Inta badan dadka ayaa si qasab ah lagu barakiciyey . Dhowr hay'adood oo xuquuqul insaanka ah sida Amnesty International iyo B'Tselem , cilmi-baarisyo kala duwan oo xasuuq iyo sharci-yaqaanno caalami ah , iyo khubaro kale ayaa sheegaya in xasuuq uu ka socdo Gaza , inkastoo qaar  taas ku muransan.  Tan iyo bilowgii dagaalka, in ka badan 60,000 falastiiniyiin ah oo ku sugan Gaza ayaa lagu dilay , ku dhawaad ​​kala bar waa haween iyo caruur , iyo in ka badan 148,000 oo dhaawacmay. Daraasad lagu sameeyay The Lancet ayaa lagu qiyaasay dhimashada 64,260 ee Gaza ee dhaawacyada dhaawaca ah June 2024, iyada oo la xusayo dhimashada suurtagalka ah ee dhimashada marka &quot;dadka aan tooska ahayn&quot; lagu daro.  Laga bilaabo Maajo 2025, tirada la midka ah ee dhimashada dhaawaca dhaawacyada waxay noqon doontaa 93,000. Waxaa sidoo kale jiray daadad dagaal oo ka dhacay Daanta Galbeed .

==Juqraafiga==
[[File:פנורמה ירושלים22.jpg|thumb|Muuqaal magaalada oo casri ah oo ku yaal Yeruusaalem oo dhan , oo leh aragtida Temple Mount iyo Al Aqsa]]
Juqraafiga
[[File:Mt-Grizim-national-park-7920.jpg|thumb|Waxay ku taal agagaarka Nablus , Buur Gerizim waa goobta ugu quduusan ee reer Samaariya .]]
Aagagga uu waddanku sheeganayo, ee loo yaqaan dhulalka falastiiniyiinta , waxay ku yaallaan Levant ee Koonfureed ee gobolka Bariga Dhexe . Falastiin waa qayb ka mid ah Bisha Barwaaqada ah , oo ay weheliso Israel, Urdun, Lubnaan, Ciraaq iyo Suuriya. Marinka Qaza waxa uu xaduud la leeyahay badda Mediterranean-ka galbeed, Masar oo dhanka koonfureed ah, iyo Israa'iil waqooyi iyo bari. Daanta Galbeed waxa xuddun u ah Urdun oo bari ka xigta, Israa'iilna waxa ay xuduud ka leedahay woqooyi, koonfur iyo galbeed. Falastiin waxay xuduud badeed la wadaagtaa Israa'iil , Masar iyo Qubrus . Haddaba, labada gole ee ka kooban dhulka ay sheeganayso Dawladda Falastiin ma laha xuduud juqraafi ah oo midba midka kale la leeyahay, oo ay kala qaybiso Israel.  Meelahaasi waxay noqon doonaan dalka 163aad ee aduunka ugu wayn dhul ahaan . 
Daanta Galbeed waa gobol buuraley ah. Waxay u qaybsantaa saddex gobol, oo kala ah Buurta Nablus ( Jabal Nablus ), Buuraha Xebroon iyo Buuraha Qudus ( Jibal al-Qudus ). Buuraha Samaariya iyo Buuraha Yahuudda waa silsilado buuro ah oo ku yaal Daanta Galbeed, iyadoo Buur Nabi Yuunis ku taal joog dhan 1,030 mitir (3,380 ft) oo ku taal Gobolka Xebroon oo ah meesha ugu sarreysa.  Ilaa qarnigii 19aad, Xebroon waxay ahayd magaalada ugu sarreysa Bariga Dhexe.
Quddus waxay ku taal meel bannaan ah oo ku taal badhtamaha buuraha, waxaana ku hareeraysan dooxooyin. Dhulku wuxuu ka kooban yahay dooxooyin barwaaqo ah, sida dooxada Yesreceel iyo dooxada webiga Urdun . Falastiin waxay hoy u tahay geedka saytuunka ee ugu weyn adduunka, oo ku yaal Jerusalem.  Qiyaastii 45% dhulka Falastiin waxa u heellan beerista geedaha saytuunka. 
Falastiin waxay leedahay harooyin iyo wabiyo muhiim ah kuwaas oo door muhiim ah ka ciyaara juqraafiyada iyo hab-nololeedkeeda. Webiga Urdun wuxuu u socdaa dhinaca koonfureed, isagoo ka dhigaya qayb ka mid ah xudduudda bari ee Falastiin wuxuuna sii maraa badda Galili ka hor inta uusan gaarin badda dhintay.  Marka loo eego caadooyinka Masiixiyiinta, waa goobtii baabtiiska Ciise . Badda Dhimatay , oo xuduud la leh bariga dalka waa meesha ugu hooseeya dhulka.  Jericho , oo ku taal meel u dhow, waa magaalada ugu hooseysa adduunka. Tuulooyinka iyo xaafadaha ku hareeraysan Yeruusaalem ayaa hoy u ah biyo qadiimi ah. Dalka waxa ku yaal dhawr dooxood oo wabiyo ah .  Marin-biyoodyadani waxay bixiyaan agabka lagama maarmaanka u ah beeraha iyo madadaalada iyagoo taageeraya nidaamyada deegaanka ee kala duwan. 
Saddex dhul-beereedka ayaa laga helay aagga: Bariga Mediterranean-ka conifer-sclerophyllous-kaynta-broadleaf , lamadegaanka Carabta , iyo saxaraha geedaha Mesobotaamiya .  Falastiin waxay leedahay dhowr arrimood oo deegaanka ah; Arrimaha ku wajahan marinka Qaza waxaa ka mid ah xaalufka ; cusbada biyaha cusub; daaweynta bulaacadaha ; cudurada ka dhasha biyaha ; xaalufka ciidda ; iyo xaalufka iyo wasakhaynta kheyraadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa. Daanta Galbeed, arrimo badan oo isku mid ah ayaa khuseeya; inkastoo biyaha macaan ay aad u badan yihiin, helitaankooda waxaa xaddiday khilaafka socda .
===Cimilada===
Heerkulka Falastiin aad buu u kala duwan yahay. Cimilada ku taal Daanta Galbeed inta badan waa Mediterranean-ka , wax yar ka qabow meelaha sare marka loo eego xeebta, galbeed ilaa aagga. Dhanka bari, Daanta Galbeed waxaa ku jira inta badan saxaraha Yahuudda oo ay ku jiraan xeebta galbeed ee Badda Dhimatay, oo lagu garto cimilada qalalan iyo kulul. Qasa waxay leedahay cimilo kuleyl badheed-oomane ah ( Köppen : BS) oo leh jiilaal khafiif ah iyo kulayl qalalan. Gu'gu wuxuu yimaadaa qiyaastii Maarso-Abriil. Bilaha ugu kulul waa Julaay iyo Agoosto, iyadoo celceliska sare uu yahay 33 °C (91 °F). Bisha ugu qabow waa Janaayo, iyadoo heerkulku caadiyan yahay 7 ° C (45 ° F). Roobabku waa yar yihiin waxayna guud ahaan da'aan inta u dhaxaysa Noofembar iyo Maarso. Roobabka sannadlaha ah waa qiyaastii 4.57 inji (116 mm).
===Kala duwanaanshaha noolaha===
[[File:Camel - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Geela ku sugan Saxaraha Yahuudda]]
Falastiin ma laha jardiinooyin qaran oo si rasmi ah loo aqoonsan yahay ama meelo la ilaaliyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa jira meelo ka mid ah Daanta Galbeed oo loo tixgaliyo inay leeyihiin muhiimad deegaan iyo dhaqan waxaana lagu maareeyaa dedaallo ilaalin ah. Meelahan waxaa badanaa loo yaqaan kaydka dabiiciga ah ama aagagga la ilaaliyo.
Waxay ku taal meel u dhow Jericho oo ku taal Daanta Galbeed, Wadi Qelt waa dooxo saxare ah oo leh dhir iyo xayawaan gaar ah. Kaydka waxaa lagu yaqaanaa muuqaalkiisa qallafsan, ilo dabiici ah, iyo goobo taariikhi ah sida Monastery St. George .  Waxaa la sameeyay dadaal lagu ilaalinayo kala duwanaanshaha noolaha iyo quruxda dabiiciga ah ee deegaanka.  Saxaraha Yahuudda waxa loo yaqaan Geela Yahuudda. Beerta lagu xanaaneeyo ee Qalqilya ee ku taal gobolka Qalqily , waa beerta kaliya ee hadda ka hawlgasha dalka. Xayawaanka Xayawaanka ee Gaza ayaa loo xiray xaalad xumo awgeed. Dawladda Israa'iil waxay deegaanka C ka samaysay jardiinooyin kala duwan oo qaran , kuwaas oo loo arko sharci-darro marka loo eego sharciga caalamiga ah .

==Dowladda iyo siyaasadda==
[[File:Mahmoud Abbas 2026-01-22.jpg|thumb|Madaxweyne Maxamuud Cabaas]]
[[File:Mohammad Mustafa January 2025.jpg|thumb|Ra'iisul Wasaare Maxamed Mustafa]]
[[File:Ramallah PLC.jpg|thumb|Golaha Sharci-dejinta ee Falastiin , oo ay degan yihiin baarlamaanka Falastiin]]
[[File:Mausoleo Arafat (Muqata, Ramallah) 02.JPG|thumb|Mowliidka Yaasir Carafaat oo ku taal xarunta dhexe ee maamulka Falastiin ee Ramallah]]
Falastiin waxay ku shaqaysaa nidaam dawladeed oo badh-madaxweyne ah . Dalku wuxuu ka kooban yahay hay'ado xiriir la leh Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin (PLO), oo ay ku jiraan Madaxweynaha Dawladda Falastiin , oo uu magacaabo Golaha Dhexe ee Falastiiniyiinta ,  Golaha Qaranka Falastiin , iyo Guddiga Fulinta ee Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin , oo qabta hawlaha dawladda ee dibad - baxa  ilaalinta shabakad xiriir shisheeye oo ballaaran. PLO waxa ay isugu jiraan dhowr xisbi siyaasadeed.
Kuwani waa in laga soocaa Madaxweynaha Maamulka Qaranka Falastiin , Golaha Sharci-dejinta ee Falastiin, iyo Golaha Xukuumadda PNA ,kuwaas oo dhammaantood ku xiran yihiin Maamulka Qaranka ee Falastiiniyiinta (PNA). Dukumeentiga aasaasiga ah ee Falastiin waa Baaqa Falastiin ee Madax-bannaanida, kaas oo ah in laga sooco PLO Axdiga Qaranka Falastiin ee aan la xidhiidhin iyo Sharciga Aasaasiga ah ee Falastiin PNA .
Dawladda Falastiin waxa ay u qaybsantaa laba qaybood oo kala ah – Maamulka Falastiiniyiinta oo ay maamusho Fatah, oo qayb ahaan gacanta ku haysa Daanta Galbeed, iyo Marinka Gaza, oo ay gacanta ku hayso kooxda xagjirka ah ee Xamaas.  Fatah waa xisbi cilmaani ah oo uu aasaasay Yaasir Carafaat, xiriir wanaagsanna la leh quwadaha reer galbeedka. Dhanka kale Xamaas waa koox mintidiin ah oo ku dhisan wadaniyad iyo fikir Islaami ah oo falastiiniyiin ah oo ay dhiiri galiyeen Ikhwaanul Muslimiin . 
Xamaas ayaa xiriir xun la leh Mareykanka, balse waxay taageero ka heshaa Iran. Front Popular for the Liberation of Palestine waa xisbi kale oo caan ah oo cilmaani ah, kaas oo uu aasaasay George Habash . Mahmoud Abbas waa madaxweynaha dalka tan iyo 2005.  Mohammad Shtayyeh wuxuu ahaa ra'iisul wasaaraha Falastiin, oo is casilay 2024. 
Sanadkii 2024, Mohammad Mustafa ayaa loo magacaabay ra'iisul wasaaraha cusub ee dalka, ka dib markii uu iska casilay Shtayyeh.  Yahya Sinwar waxa uu ahaa hoggaamiyihii xukuumadda Xamaas ee Marinka Gaza ka hor dhimashadiisa Oktoobar 2024. Sida laga soo xigtay Freedom House , PNA waxay u maamushaa Falastiin hab kali-talisnimo ah , oo ay ku jiraan caburinta dhaqdhaqaaqayaasha iyo saxafiyiinta dhaleeceeya dawladda. 
Quddus oo ay ku jirto Haram ash-Shariif , waxaa caasimad u ah Falastiin oo ay Israa’iil haysato .  Xarunta ku meel gaarka ah ee maamulka waxay ku taal Ramallah , oo 10  km u jirta Jerusalem. Muqata waxay martigelisaa wasaaradaha gobolka iyo xafiisyada wakiillada.  Sannadkii 2000, dhismo dawladeed ayaa laga dhisay xaafadda Jerusalem ee Abu Dis , si uu u shaqeeyo xafiiska Yaasir Carafaat iyo baarlamaanka Falastiin. Tan iyo intifada labaad , xaaladda magaaladu waxay ka dhigtay goobtan mid aan ku habboonayn inay u shaqeyso caasimad ahaan, si ku meel gaar ah ama si joogto ah.  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maamulka falastiiniyiintu waxay ku adkaysteen joogitaankooda magaalada. Iyadoo qaybo yar oo magaalada ka mid ah ay sidoo kale gacanta ku hayaan Falastiiniyiinta, dalal badanna ay qunsuliyadooda ku leeyihiin magaalada Qudus
===Qaybaha maamulka===
[[File:West Bank and Gaza Strip location map.svg|thumb|Maamullada Falastiiniyiinta (rasmiga ah)]]
[[File:Zones A and B in the occupied Palestinian territories.svg|thumb|Dhulka Falastiin ee ay maamusho]]
Dawladda Falastiin waxay u qaybsantaa lix iyo toban qaybood oo maamul . Maamul goboleedyada ku yaal daanta galbeed ayaa loo qaybiyay saddex qaybood sida uu dhigayo heshiiskii Oslo II . Aagga A wuxuu ka kooban yahay 18% Daanta Galbeed marka loo eego aagga, waxaana maamula dawladda Falastiin. Aagga B wuxuu ka kooban yahay 22% ee Daanta Galbeed, wuxuuna hoos yimaadaa xukunka madaniga ah ee Falastiin, iyo xakamaynta amniga ee Israel-Falastiin. 
Aagga C , marka laga reebo Bariga Jerusalem, wuxuu ka kooban yahay 60% Daanta Galbeed, waxaana maamula Maamulka Madaniga ah ee Israa'iil . Dawladda Falastiin waxay siisaa adeegyada waxbarashada iyo caafimaadka 150,000 Falastiiniyiinta ah ee aagga,  habayn lagu heshiiyey heshiiskii Oslo II ee hoggaanka Israel iyo Falastiiniyiinta.
In ka badan 99% ee Aagga C ayaa ka mamnuuc ah Falastiiniyiinta, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay welwelka amniga oo waa qodob wada xaajoodka socda. Waxaa jira ilaa 330,000 Israa'iiliyiin ah oo ku nool degsiimooyinka Aagga C. Dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee hadda hoos yimaada maamulka Falastiiniyiinta ee casaanka ah ( Aagagga A iyo B ; oo aan ku jirin Marinka Gaza, oo hoos yimaada xukunka Hamas).
[[File:Palestine election map.PNG|thumb|Maamulada Falastiin]]
Bariga Jerusalem, oo ka kooban degmada Quddus ee qaybta bari ka hor 1967, oo ay weheliso aag muhiim ah oo ka mid ah Daanta Galbeed ee ka hor 1967 ee ay Israa'iil xadaysay 1967, ayaa loo maamulaa iyada oo qayb ka ah degmada Jerusalem ee Israa'iil. Waxaa sheegtay Falastiin oo qayb ka ah Maamulka Jerusalem . Waxaa si wax ku ool ah u raacay Israa'iil 1967, iyada oo la adeegsanayo sharciga Israa'iil, xukunka iyo maamulka ee hoos yimaada sharciga 1948 ee wax laga beddelay ujeedada, tan la sheegay in ku darista si dastuuri ah loo xaqiijiyay (macnaha) Sharciga Aasaasiga ah: Jerusalem 1980 , laakiin ku darsigan ma aqoonsana waddan kale. 
Sannadkii 2010-kii, 456,000 oo qof oo ku nool Bariga Jerusalem, qiyaastii 60% waxay ahaayeen Falastiiniyiin iyo 40% waxay ahaayeen Israa'iil.  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, laga soo bilaabo dabayaaqadii 2000-meeyadii, Barwaaqada Amniga ee Daanta Galbeed ee Israa'iil ayaa si wax ku ool ah dib ugu daray tobanaan kun oo Falastiiniyiin ah oo sita kaararka aqoonsiga Israa'iil ee Daanta Galbeed, taasoo ka dhigaysa Bariga Jerusalem xayndaabka iyada oo aqlabiyad yar oo Israa'iil ah (60%).
Sida uu dhigayo heshiiskii Oslo, Jerusalem waxaa la soo jeediyay in lagu daro wada xaajoodyada mustaqbalka. Sida ay sheegtay Israa’iil, heshiiskii Oslo waxa uu mamnuucayaa in maamulka Falastiin uu ka shaqeeyo magaalada Qudus. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaybo ka mid ah Quddus, xaafadahaas oo ku yaalla meel ka baxsan magaaladii hore ee taariikhiga ahayd, balse qayb ka ah Bariga Quddus, ayaa loo qoondeeyey maamulka Falastiiniyiinta.
===Xiriirka dibadda===
Xidhiidhka dibadeed waxa lagu ilaaliyaa hab dhismeedka wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda . Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO) wuxuu matalaa Dawladda Falastiin waxayna safaarado ku leeyihiin wadamada aqoonsan. Waxa kale oo ay uga qaybgashaa ururada caalamiga ah xubin ahaan, wehel ama goob-jooge ahaan. Xaaladaha qaarkood, sababtoo ah ilo is khilaafaya, way adagtahay in la go'aamiyo haddii ka qaybqaadashadu ay tahay magaca Dawladda Falastiin, PLO oo ah hay'ad aan dawli ahayn, ama Maamulka Qaranka Falastiin (PNA). Vatican-ku waxay aqoonsi u wareejisay Dawladda Falastiin bishii Maajo 2015, ka dib codbixintii Qaramada Midoobay ee 2012 . Isbeddelkan wuxuu la jaan qaadayaa aragtida Quduuska ah ee booska kobcinta.
[[File:The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi and the President of the State of Palestine, Mr. Mahmoud Abbas, at the joint Press meet, at Ramallah, Palestine on February 10, 2018 (2).jpg|Raiisel wasaaraha Hindiya Narendra Modi iyo Mahmoud Abbas oo ku sugan Ramallah sanadka 2018]]
Hadda, 146 dal oo ka tirsan Qaramada Midoobay (75%) waxay aqoonsan yihiin Dawladda Falastiin. Inkastoo qaarkood aysan aqoonsanayn, haddana waxay PLO u aqoonsan yihiin inay tahay wakiilka dadka Falastiiniyiinta. Guddiga fulinta ee PLO waxa uu u shaqeeyaa sidii dawladda oo kale, waxaana awood u siinaya PNC.  Waa xubin buuxda oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Carabta , Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka iyo Midowga Badda Mediterranean-ka . Sweden ayaa sanadkii 2013 qaaday tallaabo muhiim ah iyadoo sare u qaadaysa maqaamka xafiiska wakiilka Falastiiniyiinta oo ay ka dhigtay safaarad buuxda. Waxay noqdeen waddankii ugu horreeyay ee xubin ka ah Midowga Yurub oo ka baxsan ururkii shuuciga ahaa ee si rasmi ah u aqoonsaday Dawlada
Xubnaha ururka Jaamacadda Carabta iyo xubnaha ururka iskaashiga Islaamka ayaa si weyn u taageeray mowqifka dalkaas ee colaadda Israa'iil .Iran waxa ay xulafo xooggan la ahayd Falastiin tan iyo kacdoonkii Islaamiga ahaa , waxayna taageero millatari u fidisay fedayeenka Falastiin iyo kooxaha mintidka ah, oo ay ku jiraan Xamaas iyada oo loo marayo Axis of Resistance , oo ay ku jiraan isbahaysiga milatari ee dawladaha iyo fallaagada Ciraaq ,  Suuriya , Lubnaan iyo Yemen . Hamas sidoo kale waa qayb ka mid ah dhidibka iska caabinta. Xataa ka hor intaysan soo shaac bixin iska caabin Islaami ah oo ay Iran taageerto Ciraaq , Ciraaq waxa ay si weyn u taageeri jirtay Falastiin markii ay hoos imanaysay dawladdii Bacathiyiinta ee Saddaam Xuseen . Turkiga waa taageeraha Xamaas Qatar waxay ahayd taageere dhaqaale oo muhiim ah waxayna martigelisay hogaamiyayaasha Hamas. Sannadkii 1988, iyada oo qayb ka ah codsigii ahaa in lagu ogolaado UNESCO, qoraal sharraxaad ah ayaa la diyaariyey oo lagu taxay 92 dawladood oo aqoonsaday Dawladda Falastiin, oo ay ku jiraan labadaba Carabta iyo kuwa aan Carabta ahayn sida Hindiya.  : 19  Markii ay xulafo xooggan la ahayd Falastiin , Hindiya waxay xoojisay xidhiidhka ay la leedahay Israa'iil tan iyo 1991. 
Mucamar Al-Qadaafi ee Liibiya waxa uu ahaa taageere madax-bannaanida falastiiniyiinta, waxaana loo raadinayey dhex-dhexaadiye colaadda Carabta iyo Israa’iil, markii uu soo bandhigay yabooh nabadeed oo hal waddan ah oo uu cinwaan uga dhigay Israa’iil sannadkii 2000 . Intii uu socday dagaalkii sokeeye ee Sri Lanka , PLO waxa ay tababar siisay fallaagada Tamil si ay ula dagaalamaan dowladda Sri Lanka .  Jamhuuriyadda Ireland , Venezuela iyo Koonfur Afrika waa xulafada siyaasadeed ee Falastiin waxayna si adag ugu ololeeyeen in la aasaaso Falastiin madaxbannaan. Natiijadii dagaalka socda waxaa kordhay taageerada dalka. Tan iyo markii Israa’iil ay duulaanka ku qaaday Qaza , dalal badan oo taageera Falastiiniyiinta ayaa si rasmi ah u aqoonsaday dalkaasi. Tan waxaa ku jira Armenia , Spain , Norway , Bahamas , Jamaica , Barbados iyo Trinidad and Tobago
===Heerka iyo aqoonsiga===
Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO) wuxuu ku dhawaaqay aasaaska Dawladda Falastiin 15-kii Noofambar 1988. Waxaa jira aragtiyo kala duwan oo ku saabsan xaaladda sharci ee Dawladda Falastiin, labadaba dawladaha caalamiga ah iyo culimada sharciga.  Jiritaanka dowlad Falastiin waxaa aqoonsan dowladaha la sameeyay xiriir diblomaasiyadeed oo laba geesood ah. ishii Janaayo 2015, Maxkamadda Caalamiga ah ee Dambiyada waxay xaqiijisay xaaladda Falastiin &quot;Dawlad&quot; ka dib markii ay aqoonsatay kormeerayaasha Qaramada Midoobay,  tallaabo ay cambaareeyeen hoggaamiyeyaasha Israa'iil oo ah nooc ka mid ah &quot;argagixiso diblomaasiyadeed&quot;. 
Bishii Disembar 2015, Golaha loo dhan yahay ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa meel mariyay qaraar ay ku dalbanayaan madaxbannaanida Falastiiniyiinta ee kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee dhulka la haysto. Waxay ugu yeertay Israa'iil inay joojiso dhiig-miirashada iyo waxyeelada iyadoo la siinayo Falastiiniyiinta xaqa ay u leeyihiin inay soo celiyaan. Sannadkii 1988-kii, Qaraarkii 43/177 waxa aqoonsaday Dawladda Falastiin ku dhawaaqida madaxbanaanida . Sannadkii 2012, Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay wuxuu soo saaray Qaraar tirsigiisu yahay 67/19 , siinaya Falastiin &quot; dal aan xubin ka ahayn goobjoogeyaal &quot; status , si wax ku ool ah loogu aqoonsado dal madax-bannaan . 
Bishii Agoosto 2015, wakiilada Falastiin ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa soo bandhigay qaraar qabyo ah oo u oggolaanaya wadamada aan xubinta ka ahayn goobjoogayaasha Falastiin iyo Quduuska Quduuska ah inay calankooda ka taagaan xarunta Qaramada Midoobay. Markii hore, Falastiiniyiintu waxay soo bandhigeen hindisahooda sidii dadaal wadajir ah oo ay la leeyihiin Seefta Quduuska ah, taas oo ay Quduuska ah beenisay. Warqad uu u diray Xoghayaha Guud iyo Madaxweynaha Golaha Guud, Safiirka Israa'iil ee UN Ron Prosor wuxuu ugu yeeray tallaabada &quot;ku-takri-falka kale ee UN-ka ... si loo helo dhibco siyaasadeed&quot;. Kadib codeynta, oo 119 cod u qaadeen 8 iyadoo 45 dal ay ka aamuseen, Safiirka Mareykanka Samantha Power ayaa sheegtay in &quot;kor u qaadista calanka Falastiin aysan isu soo dhaweyn doonin Israel iyo Falastiiniyiinta&quot;.  Afhayeenka Waaxda Arrimaha Dibedda ee Maraykanka Mark Toner ayaa ku tilmaamay &quot;isku day aan faa'iido lahayn&quot; oo lagu raadinayo sheegashooyinka dawlad-goboleedka oo ka baxsan heshiis wada-xaajood ah. 
Xafladda lafteeda, Xoghayaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay, Ban Ki-Moon ayaa sheegay in munaasabaddan ay tahay &quot;maalin ay ku faani karaan dadka reer Falastiin ee ku nool dunida oo dhan, waa maalin rajo ah&quot;, wuxuuna ku dhawaaqay &quot;Hadda waa waqtigii dib loo soo celin lahaa kalsoonida labada Israel iyo Falastiiniyiinta si loo helo heshiis nabadeed iyo, ugu dambeyntii, xaqiijinta laba dawladood oo laba shacab ah.&quot;
===Aqoonsiga caalamiga ah===
[[File:Palestine recognition only.svg|thumb|Dawladda Falastiin
Waddamada aqoonsaday Falastiin
Wadamada ku dhawaaqay inay dhawaan aqoonsan doonaan Falastiin ( France Malta , Portugal , San Marino , Australia )
Wadamada ku dhawaaqay shuruudahooda, aqoonsiga soo socda ee Falastiin ( United Kingdom , CanadaWadamada aan aqoonsaneyn Falastiin]]
Dawladda Falastiin waxa aqoonsaday 146 ka mid ah 193-ka xubnood ee Qaramada Midoobay tan iyo 2012-kii waxa ay lahayd xaalad ah waddan aan xubin ka ahayn kormeerayaasha Qaramada Midoobay.  Xaaladdan xaddidan waxaa inta badan sabab u ah xaqiiqda ah in Maraykanka , oo ah xubin joogta ah oo ka tirsan Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay oo leh awoodda diidmada qayaxan, uu si joogto ah u isticmaalo diidmada qayaxan ama ku hanjabay inuu sidaas sameeyo si uu u xannibo xubinnimada Falastiin ee buuxda ee Qaramada Midoobay. 
On 29 November 2012, in a 138-9 cod (iyada 41 ka aamuseen iyo 5 maqan),  Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa soo saaray qaraarka 67/19 , kor u Falastiin ka &quot;xub goobjooge&quot; in a &quot; non-xubin goobjooge ah gobolka &quot; gudaha nidaamka Qaramada Midoobay , kaas oo lagu tilmaamay aqoonsiga PLO. Xaaladda Falastiin ee Qaramada Midoobay waxay u dhigantaa tan Quduuska ah . Qaramada Midoobay waxa ay u ogolaatay Falastiin in ay ku magacawdo xafiiskeeda wakiilka Qaramada Midoobay oo ah &quot;Howlgalka Joogtada ah ee Joogtada ah ee Dawladda Falastiin ee Qaramada Midoobay&quot;.  Falastiin waxay ku amartay dublamaasiyiinteeda inay si rasmi ah u matalaan &quot;Dawladda Falastiin&quot; - oo aan hadda ahayn Maamulka Qaranka Falastiin. 
On 17 December 2012, Madaxa Hab-maamuuska Qaramada Midoobay Yeocheol Yoon ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in &quot;magacaabidda 'State of Palestine' waxaa loo isticmaali doonaa by Xoghaynta dhammaan waraaqaha rasmiga ah ee Qaramada Midoobay&quot;,  sidaas darteed aqoonsanaya cinwaanka 'State of Falastiin' sida magaca rasmiga ah ee gobolka ee dhammaan ujeedooyinka Qaramada Midoobay. 21kii Diisambar 2012, qoraal Qaramada Midoobay ah ayaa ka hadlay ereybixin habboon oo la isticmaalo ka dib GA 67/19. Waxaa lagu xusay in aysan jirin wax caqabad ah oo dhanka sharciga ah oo ku wajahan adeegsiga magacaabista Falastiin si ay u tixraacdo aagga juqraafi ee dhulka Falastiin. Isla mar ahaantaana, waxaa lagu macneeyay in sidoo kale aysan jirin wax xannibaya isticmaalka ereyga &quot;Dhulka Falastiin ee la haysto oo ay ku jirto Bariga Jerusalem&quot; ama erey-bixinno kale oo la mid ah sida caadada u ah Golaha. 
Laga bilaabo 21-kii Maarso 2025, 147 ( 76.2%) 193 ka waddan ee xubnaha ka ah Qaramada Midoobay ayaa aqoonsaday Dawladda Falastiin . Qaar badan oo ka mid ah wadamada aan aqoonsanayn Dawladda Falastiin si kastaba ha ahaatee waxay PLO u aqoonsan yihiin &quot;wakiilka dadka Falastiiniyiinta &quot;. Guddiga Fulinta ee PLO waxaa awood u siinaya Golaha Qaranka Falastiin si ay u qabtaan hawlaha dawladda ee Gobolka Falastiin. 
2dii Abriil 2024, Riyad Mansour , oo ah safiirka Falastiin ee Qaramada Midoobay, ayaa codsaday in Golaha Ammaanku uu tixgeliyo codsiga xubinnimada ee la cusboonaysiiyay. Laga bilaabo Abriil 7 xubnood oo ka tirsan UNSC waxay aqoonsan yihiin Falastiin laakiin Maraykanku wuxuu muujiyay inuu ka soo horjeedo codsigaas waxaana intaa dheer, sharciga Maraykanku wuxuu dhigayaa in dhaqaalaha Maraykanku uu ka gooyo Qaramada Midoobay haddii ay dhacdo aqoonsi buuxa haddii aan la helin heshiis Israel iyo Falastiin. 18kii Abriil, Maraykanku wuxuu diidey qaraar Qaramada Midoobay si weyn loo taageeray kaas oo u ogolaan lahaa Falastiin inay xubin buuxda ka tahay Qaramada Midoobay. 
Qaraarka UNGA ee May 2024 wuxuu dhaqan galay shirweynaha guud ee 2024. Qaraarkan oo aqoonsaday in Falastiin ay xaq u leedahay inay xubin buuxda ka noqoto, ayaa sidoo kale xaq u siinaya Falastiiniyiinta inay soo gudbiyaan soo jeedinta iyo wax ka bedelka iyo in Falastiin loo ogolaado inay la fadhiistaan ​​dalalka kale ee xubnaha ka ah golaha.
===Milatari===
[[File:25th anniversary of Hamas (13).jpg|thumb|Sanadguuradii 25aad ee Xamaas oo ka dhacday Gaza, 2012]]
Hay’adda Nabadsugidda Falastiin waxay ka kooban tahay ciidamada qalabka sida iyo hay’adaha sirdoonka, kuwaas oo la aas aasay intii lagu jiray heshiiskii Oslo. Shaqadoodu waa ilaalinta amniga gudaha iyo ilaalinta sharciga meelaha PA ay maamusho. Uma hawlgalo sidii ciidan hubaysan oo dal madax banaan. Heshiiskii Oslo ka hor, PLO waxay hogaamisay jabhad hubaysan oo ka soo horjeeday Israa'iil, oo ay ku jiraan isbahaysiga kooxaha xagjirka ah oo ay ku jiraan laanteeda milatariga - Ciidanka Xoraynta Falastiin . Tan iyo heshiisyadii 1993-1995, waxay ahayd mid aan shaqayn oo waxay ka shaqaysaa oo keliya Suuriya. Fedayeenka Falastiin waa dagaalyahannada Falastiiniyiinta iyo ciidamada jabhadda. Falastiiniyiintu waxay u haystaan ​​&quot;dagaalyahan xornimo doon&quot; iyo &quot;argagixiso&quot; Israa'iiliyiinta. 
Xamaas waxay isu haysataa inay tahay ciidan madax-bannaan, oo ka awood iyo saamayn badan PSF, oo ay weheliyaan ururrada kale ee mayalka adag sida Islamic Jihad (Al-Quds Bridage).  Waa ciidan jabhad ah, oo ay taageerayaan Iran, Qatar iyo Turkiga.  Sida laga soo xigtay CIA World Factbook, Guutada Qassam waxay leeyihiin 20,000 ilaa 25,000 xubnood, inkastoo tiradan lagu muransan yahay.  Ka bixitaanka Israel ee 2005 ee Gaza waxay siisay Hamas fursad ay ku horumariyaan garabkeeda militari.
Iran iyo Hezbollah ayaa hub sharci darro ah u soo galiyay Xamaas iyaga oo sii mara gacanka Sinai Peninsula iyaga oo sii maray Suudaan iyo Liibiya iyo sidoo kale dhinaca badda. Tababar millatari oo xoog leh iyo hub uruursi ayaa u oggolaaday Xamaas in ay si tartiib tartiib ah u abaabulaan cutubyo goboleed oo waaweyn sida guutooyin ka kooban 2,500–3,500 dagaalyahan midkiiba. Tan iyo 2020, dhoolatus wadajir ah oo lala sameeyay kooxaha kale ee ka dagaalama Gaza sida Falastiin Islamic Jihad (PIJ) waxay caadeysteen unugyo si ay ugu shaqeeyaan qaab isku dubaridan, taageera taliska iyo xakamaynta Hamas, waxayna fududeeyeen iskaashiga Xamaas iyo kooxaha yaryar. Dadaallada noocan oo kale ah waxay si dhab ah u bilowdeen sannadkii 2007-dii, markii Xamaas ay la wareegtay awoodda Marinka Gaza. Iran ayaa tan iyo markii ay Xamaas siisay agab iyo aqoon ay ku dhisto gantaallo waaweyn, iyadoo in ka badan 10,000 oo gantaallo ah iyo madaafiic lagu garaacay dagaalka hadda socda. Caawinta Iran, Xamaas waxay samaysay wax soo saar gantaallo gudaha ah oo xooggan oo u adeegsada tuubooyinka, fiilooyinka korantada, iyo agabka kale ee maalinlaha ah ee wax soo saarka la hagaajiyay. 
===Sharciga iyo amniga===
Dawladda Falastiin waxay leedahay tiro ciidamo ah oo ammaan ah, oo ay ku jiraan Booliska madaniga ah , Ciidamada Ammaanka Qaranka iyo Adeegyada Sirdoonka, oo leh shaqada ilaalinta amniga iyo ilaalinta muwaadiniinta Falastiiniyiinta iyo Dawladda Falastiin. Dhammaan ciidamadan ayaa qayb ka ah hay’adaha ammaanka Falastiiniyiinta . PSF ayaa ugu horrayn mas'uul ka ah ilaalinta amniga gudaha, fulinta sharciga, iyo howlgallada ka hortagga argagixisanimada ee meelaha ay maamusho maamulka Falastiin. 
Ciidanka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLA) waa ciidanka joogtada ah ee Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO).  Waxaa la aasaasay sannadihii ugu horreeyay ee dhaqdhaqaaqa qaranka Falastiin, laakiin inta badan waxay ahayd mid aan firfircoonayn tan iyo heshiiskii Oslo.  PLA doorkeeda waxaa loogu talagalay inay noqoto ciidan caadi ah laakiin waxay u wareegtay door astaan ​​iyo door siyaasadeed.

==Dhaqaalaha==
Falastiin waxa ay IMF ku tilmaantay in ay tahay waddan dakhligoodu dhexe yahay iyo mid soo koraya. Sannadkii 2023, GDP-ga waddanku wuxuu ahaa $40 bilyan iyo qofkiiba ilaa $4,500. Xaaladdeeda lagu muransan yahay awgeed, xaaladda dhaqaale ayaa saamaysay. Sii daynta kaarboon-dioxide waxay ahayd 0.6 metric ton qofkiiba 2010. Sannadkii 2011, heerka saboolnimada Falastiin wuxuu ahaa 25.8%. Sida lagu sheegay warbixin cusub oo uu soo saaray Bangiga Adduunka , kobaca dhaqaalaha Falastiin ayaa la filayaa inuu jilco sanadka 2023. Dhaqaalaha Falastiin wuxuu si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay gargaarka caalamiga ah , xawaaladaha Falastiiniyiinta iyo warshadaha maxalliga ah.
[[File:Rawabi - industrial area.jpg|thumb|Dhismaha Rawabi iyo agagaarka warshadaha]]
Sida lagu sheegay warbixin uu soo saaray Bangiga Adduunka , saamaynta dhaqaale ee siyaasadda xidhitaanka Israa’iil ayaa ahayd mid qoto dheer, taasoo si toos ah uga qayb qaadatay hoos u dhac weyn oo ku yimid dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqaalaha, shaqo la’aanta baahsan, iyo kor u kaca faqriga tan iyo bilowgii Intifada Labaad ee Sebtembar 2000 .  Xayiraadahani waxay si ba'an u hakiyeen kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo horumarka gobolka.  Ka dib Dagaalkii Gaza ee 2014 , halkaas oo dhismayaal badan ay waxyeeloobeen ama burburiyeen, socodka dhismaha iyo alaabta ceeriin ee Gaza ayaa si aad ah loo xaddiday. Dhoofinta joogtada ah ee gobolka ayaa gebi ahaanba la joojiyay, taas oo uga sii dareysa caqabadaha dhaqaale ee soo food saaray dadweynaha.
[[File:Flickr - Israel Defense Forces - Gaza by Night.jpg|thumb|Gaza ka hor dagaalkii 2023]]
Mid ka mid ah tallaabooyinka culeyska leh ee ay Israa'iil soo rogtay ayaa ah nidaamka &quot;dib-u-celinta&quot; ee lagu dhaqan geliyo meelaha laga gudbo ee gudaha dhulka Falastiiniyiinta .  Siyaasaddani waxay ku khasabtaa alaab-qeybiyeyaasha inay badeecadahooda ka dejiyaan oo ay dib ugu raraan hal baabuur oo kale, taasoo keentay kharashaad gaadiid oo aad u badan iyo waqti dheer oo ay ku sii maraan badeecadaha la dhammeeyey iyo alaabta ceeriin. Kharashyadan dheeraadka ah waxay sii carqaladeynayaan kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo jiritaanka.  Sida uu dhigayo 1995 Oslo II Accord , waxaa lagu heshiiyey in maamulka Aagga C lagu wareejiyo maamulka Falastiiniyiinta 18 bilood gudahood, marka laga reebo arrimaha lagu go'aaminayo heshiiska heerka kama dambaysta ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Israa'iil waxay ku guuldareysatay inay fuliso waajibaadkeeda ku xusan heshiiskii Oslo, taasoo muujineysa baahida degdegga ah ee xisaabtanka iyo soo afjarida isla xisaabtan la'aanta.  Komishanka Yurub ayaa muujiyay saamaynta xun ee xannibaadda West Bank ee Israa'iil , iyada oo ku qiyaastay in ay keentay saboolnimada dhaqaale ee sanadlaha ah ee Falastiiniyiinta 2-3% ee GDP. Intaa waxaa dheer, tirada sii kordheysa ee xiritaanka gudaha iyo dibedda ayaa sii socota inay saameyn xun ku yeelato rajada laga qabo soo kabashada dhaqaalaha gobolka. 
Sannadkii 2015, saamaynta dhaqaale ee isticmaalka sharci darrada ah ee Israa’iil ee khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee Falastiin waxa si muxaafid ah loogu qiyaasay US$1.83 bilyan, oo u dhiganta 22% GDP-ga Falastiin sannadkaas.  Warbixinta 2015 ee Bangiga Adduunka, qaybta wax soo saarka ee GDP ayaa hoos uga dhacday 19% ilaa 10 % inta u dhaxaysa saxeexa Heshiisyada Oslo ilaa 2011 . 22% ilaa GDP Falastiin.  Warbixintu waxay xustay in Israa'iil iyo Urdun ay si wada jir ah u soo saaraan $4.2 bilyan sannadkii iibka alaabtan, taasoo ka dhigan 6% sahayda potash-ka caalamiga ah iyo 73% wax soo saarka bromine-ka caalamiga ah. 
Guud ahaan, haddii Falastiiniyiintu ay si aan xaddidnayn u heli lahaayeen dhulkooda ee Aagga 'C', faa'iidooyinka dhaqaale ee Falastiin waxay kordhin karaan 35% GDP, oo gaaraya ugu yaraan $3.4 bilyan sannadkii.  Sidoo kale, xayiraadaha biyuhu waxay ku kaceen kharash dhan US $ 1.903, oo u dhiganta 23.4% GDP, halka xayiraadda joogtada ah ee Israel ee Marinka Gaza ay keentay kharash dhan $ 1.908 bilyan US $, oo ka dhigan 23.5% GDP ee 2010 . xaqa loo leeyahay in la horumariyo bulsho barwaaqo ah oo leh dhaqaale deggan iyo kobac waara. 
Wax soo saarka guud ee guud ee Falastiin (GDP) ayaa hoos u dhacay 35% rubuci hore ee 2024, sababtoo ah dagaalka ka socda Gaza, Xafiiska Dhexe ee Tirakoobka Falastiin (PCBS) ayaa sheegay.  Waxaa jiray farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya Daanta Galbeed, kaas oo arkay hoos u dhac 25% ah iyo Marinka Gaza, tiradu waa 86% iyada oo uu socdo dagaalka.  Qaybta wax soo saarka ayaa hoos u dhacday 29% ee Daanta Galbeed iyo 95% ee Gaza, halka qaybta dhismuhu hoos u dhacday 42% ee Daanta Galbeed oo asal ahaan ku burburtay Gaza, iyada oo 99% hoos u dhacday.
===Beeraha===
Ka dib markii Israa'iil ay qabsatay Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qaza 1967-dii, beeralayda falastiiniyiinta waxaa soo gaaray dib u dhac weyn.  Wax ku biirinta waaxdu ee GDP ayaa hoos u dhacday, xooggii shaqaale ee beeralaydana wuu yaraaday.  Meelaha la beero ee Daanta Galbeed ayaa si joogto ah hoos ugu dhacay tan iyo 1967.  Beeralayda Falastiiniyiinta ayaa caqabad ku ah suuqgeynta iyo qaybinta alaabtooda, xayiraadaha Israel ee isticmaalka biyaha ayaa si weyn u saameeyay beeraha Falastiiniyiinta.  In ka badan 85% biyaha falastiiniyiinta ee ka yimaada daanta galbeed waxaa adeegsata Israel, falastiiniyiintana waxaa loo diiday inay helaan kheyraadka biyaha ee webiyada Urdun iyo Yarmuuk. 
Qaza, biyo-mareenada xeebta waxay la il daran tahay soo gelitaanka biyaha cusbada. Xayiraadaha Israel ayaa xaddiday waraabka dhulka falastiiniyiinta, iyadoo kaliya 6% dhulka Daanta Galbeed ee ay falastiiniyiintu beeran yihiin la waraabiyo, halka dadka Israa’iil degan ay waraabiyaan qiyaastii 70% dhulkooda. Dagaalkii Khaliijka ee 1991 wuxuu saameyn ba'an ku yeeshay beeralayda falastiiniyiinta, maadaama inta badan loo dhoofiyo wadamada Khaliijka Carabta.  Dhoofinta Falastiiniyiinta ee Wadamada Khaliijka ayaa hoos u dhacay 14% natiijada dagaalka, taasoo keentay saameyn dhaqaale oo weyn.
===Biyo-helidda iyo nadaafadda===
Biyo gelinta iyo fayadhowrka dhulka falastiiniyiinta waxaa lagu gartaa biyo la’aan aad u daran waxaana saameyn weyn ku leh gumeysiga Israel. Khayraadka biyaha ee Falastiin waxaa qayb ahaan gacanta ku haya Israa'iil sababtoo ah qayb ahaan kakanaanta taariikheed iyo juquraafi ahaaneed iyadoo Israa'iil ay siisay madaxbannaani qaybeed 2017 . Israa'iil waxay siisaa dhulalka falastiiniyiinta biyaha sahaydeeda biyaha iyo sahayda biyaha sasarka leh, 2012 oo bixisa 52 MCM . 
Guud ahaan, tayada biyuhu aad bay uga xun yihiin Marinka Gaza marka la barbar dhigo Daanta Galbeed. Qiyaastii saddex meelood meel meel ka mid ah biyaha la geeyey dhulka falastiiniyiinta ayaa ku lumay shabakada qaybinta . Go’doominta joogtada ah ee marinka Qaza iyo dagaalka Gaza ayaa sababay burbur xooggan oo soo gaaray kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha ee marinka Qaza. Ku saabsan biyaha wasakhda ah, dhirta daaweynta ee hadda jirta ma laha awood ay ku daaweeyaan dhammaan biyaha wasakhda ah ee la soo saaro, taasoo keenta wasakhowga biyaha daran. Horumarinta qaybta aad ayey ugu xidhan tahay maalgelinta dibadda. 
===Wax-soo-saarka===
Qaybaha wax soo saarka ee Falastiin waxaa ka mid ah dunta, habaynta cuntada, dawooyinka, qalabka dhismaha, alaabta guriga, alaabta caaga ah, dhagaxa, iyo elektarooniga.  Alaabooyinka xusidda mudan waxaa ka mid ah dharka, saliidda saytuunka, caanaha, alaabta guriga, ceramics, iyo qalabka dhismaha.  Kahor Intifada Labaad, Falastiin waxay lahayd saldhig warshadeed oo xoog leh oo ku yaal Jerusalem iyo Gaza. Caqabadaha laga taagay Daanta Galbeed ayaa ka dhigay dhaqdhaqaaq adag; go’doominta marinka Qaza ayaa si weyn u saamaysay xaaladda dhaqaale ee dhulka. Laga bilaabo 2023 , sida laga soo xigtay Wasaaradda Dhaqaalaha , waaxda wax soo saarka ayaa la filayaa inay koraan 2.5% ayna abuuraan 79,000 shaqo lixda sano ee soo socota.  Falastiin waxay inta badan dhoofisaa alaabta dhagaxa ah (limestone, marble - 13.3%), alaabta guriga (11.7%), balaastikada (10.2%) iyo birta iyo birta (9.1%). Badeecadahaas intooda badan waxaa loo dhoofiyaa Jordan, Maraykanka, Israa'iil iyo Masar.
Hebron waa magaalada ugu horumarsan dhanka warshadaha ee gobolka waxayna u adeegtaa sidii xudunta dhoofinta wax soo saarka Falastiin. In ka badan 40% dhaqaalaha qaranka ayaa soo saara halkaas. Madbacada ugu horumarsan Bariga Dhexe waa Xebroon. Dhagaxyo badan ayaa ku yaal gobolka ku xeeran. Kaydadka Silikoon ayaa laga helay dhulka Gaza. Dhagaxa Jerusalem, oo laga soo saaray Daanta Galbeed, ayaa loo isticmaalay dhismayaal badan oo ku yaala Jerusalem. Hebron waxa aad loogu yaqaanaa wax-soo-saarka dhalada. Nablus waxaa lagu xusay saabuunteeda Nablus . Qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha ka shaqeeya dhulka Falastiin waxaa ka mid ah Siniora Foods , Sinokrot Industries , Schneider Electric , PepsiCo iyo Coca-Cola . 
Dadaalada nabadeed ee dhaqaalaha Israel-Falastiin waxay keeneen dhowr hindise, sida Dooxada Nabadda iyo Jebinta Impasse , kuwaas oo kor u qaadaya mashaariicda warshadaha ee u dhexeeya Israel, Falastiin iyo dalalka kale ee Carabta, iyada oo ujeedadu tahay horumarinta nabadda iyo soo afjarida colaadda.  Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah jardiinooyin warshadeed oo wadajir ah oo laga furay Falastiin. Maamulka Falastiin ayaa magaalooyin warshadeed ka dhisay Gaza, Beytlaxam, Jericho, Jenin iyo Hebron. Qaarkood waxay iskaashi wadajir ah la leeyihiin wadamada Yurub
===Tamarta===
[[File:Solar_Plant_in_Jericho.jpg|thumb|Warshada qorraxda ee Jeriko]]
Falastiin ma soo saarto saliid iyo gaas u gaar ah. Laakiin sida laga soo xigtay warbixinnada Qaramada Midoobay, &quot; kaydka saliidda iyo gaasta ee baaxadda leh&quot; ayaa ku yaal dhulka Falastiiniyiinta. Xaalada colaadeed ee ay ku sugan tahay awgeed, tamarta iyo shidaalka ugu badan ee Falastiin waxaa laga keenaa Israa’iil iyo dhammaan dalalka kale ee dariska ah sida Masar, Urdun iyo Sucuudiga.
Sannadkii 2012, korontada laga heli karo Daanta Galbeed iyo Gaza waxay ahayd 5,370 GW-saac (3,700 ee Daanta Galbeed iyo 1,670 ee Gaza), halka isticmaalka sannadlaha ah ee qof kasta oo koronto ah (ka dib markii laga jaray khasaaraha gudbinta) uu ahaa 950 kWh. Warshada Korontada ee Qaza waa warshadda tamarta kaliya ee ku taal marinka Gaza. Waxaa iska leh Shirkadda Korontada ee Gaza (GPGC), oo hoos timaada Shirkadda Korontada ee Falastiin (PEC). Shirkadda Korontada Degmada Jerusalem , oo hoos timaada PEC, waxay siisaa koronto dadka Falastiiniyiinta ah ee deggan Yeruusaalem.
Saraakiisha dawladda ayaa si isa soo taraysa diiradda u saaray tamarta qorraxda si loo yareeyo ku tiirsanaanta Israel ee tamarta. Sanduuqa Maalgelinta Falastiin ayaa bilaabay &quot;Noor Palestine&quot;, mashruuc ujeedadiisu tahay in lagu bixiyo awoodda Falastiin.  Qudra Energy, oo ay iska kaashadeen Bank of Falastiin iyo NAPCO ayaa aasaasay warshado koronto qoraxda oo dhan Jammala , Nablus, Birzeit iyo Ramallah. Sannadkii 2019, ee ololaha Noor Palestine, warshaddii ugu horreysay ee tamarta qoraxda iyo beerta qorraxda ayaa laga furay Jenin. Laba jardiinooyin kale oo cadceedda ayaa loo qorsheeyay Jeriko iyo Tubas. Warshad koronto oo cadceedda cusub ayaa laga dhisayaa xarunta Abu Dis ee Jaamacadda Al-Quds , taas oo loogu adeegayo Falastiiniyiinta Qudus.
===Saliid iyo gaas===
Falastiin waxa ay haysataa kayd shidaal iyo gaas oo baaxad leh. [ 243 ] In ka badan 3 bilyan oo fuusto (480,000,000 m 3 ) oo saliid ah ayaa lagu qiyaasay inay ka jiraan xeebaha iyo dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto.  Levant Basin waxa ay haysaa ilaa 1.7 bilyan fuusto (270,000,000 m 3 ) oo saliid ah, oo leh 1.5 bilyan oo foosto (240,000,000 m 3 ) oo ka hooseysa dhulka la haysto ee Daanta Galbeed. [ 244] Around 2 billion barrels (320,000,000 m3) of oil reserves are believed to exist in shore of the Gaza Strip.[244][245] According to a report by the UNCTAD, around 1,250 billion barrels (1.99×1011 m3) of oil reserves are in the occupied Palestinian territory of the West Bank, probably the Meged oil field. As per the Palestinian Authority, 80% of this oil field falls under the lands owned by Palestinians.
Masadder, oo ah qayb ka mid ah Sanduuqa Maalgelinta Falastiin ayaa horumarinaya saliidda ee Daanta Galbeed. [ 245 ] Goobta Block-1, oo ku fidsan dhul dhan 432 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (167 sq mi) waqooyi-galbeed Ramallah ilaa Qalqilya ee Falastiin, waxay leedahay awood la taaban karo oo laga heli karo kheyraadka hydrocarbon .  Waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in ay haysato P90 (heerka hubaal) ee 0.03 bilyan fuusto (4,800,000 m 3 ) saliid dib loo soo celin karo iyo 6,000,000,000 cubic feet (170,000,000 m 3 ) oo ah gaas la soo kaban karo.  Kharashka ku baxaya horumarinta beertan ayaa lagu qiyaasay $390 milyan, waxaana lagu fulin doonaa heshiis wax-soo-saar la wadaago dawladda Falastiin . Waqtigan xaadirka ah, barnaamijka shaqo ee hore ee sahaminta ka hor ayaa socda si loogu diyaariyo naqshadaynta qorshaha sahaminta si loo ansixiyo, kaas oo ka hor marin doona horumarinta buuxda ee goobta. 
Gaaska dabiiciga ah ee Falastiin ayaa inta badan laga helaa Marinka Gaza. Marinka Gaza waa gaaska dabiiciga ah , oo ku yaal agagaarka 32 kiiloomitir (20 mi) xeebta dhulka ee xeebta Mediterranean. Waxay haysaa kayd gaas u dhexeeya 28 bilyan kuyuubik mitir (990 bilyan cubic feet) ilaa 32 bilyan cubic mitir (1.1 trillion cubic feet). Qiyaasahani waxay aad uga badan yihiin baahida dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee tamarta . Goobta gaaska waxaa helay kooxda British Gas Group 1999. Markii la helay gaaska, Yaasir Carafaat wuxuu ku ammaanay Yaasir Carafaat oo ah &quot;Hadyad Eebbe&quot;. Iskaashiga gobolka ee u dhexeeya maamulka Falastiiniyiinta , Israel iyo Masar ayaa lagu saxiixay horumarinta beerta iyo Xamaas ayaa sidoo kale siisay ogolaansho maamulka Falastiin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tan iyo dagaalka ka socda Gaza , mashruucan ayaa dib loo dhigay
===Gaadiidka===
[[File:To_Hebron.jpg|thumb|Boodhadh luqado badan ku qoran oo ku yaal Gobolka Xebroon]]
Laba garoon diyaaradeed oo Falastiiniyiin ah - Gegida Caalamiga ah ee Jerusalem iyo Gegida Caalamiga ah ee Gaza - ayay Israel burburisay sanadihii hore ee intifada labaad. Tan iyo markaas ma jirin garoon diyaaradeed oo ka shaqeeya dalka. Falastiiniyiintu waxay ku safri jireen garoomada diyaaradaha ee Israel – Ben Gurion Airport iyo Ramon Airport – iyo madaarka caalamiga ah ee Queen Alia ee Amman , caasimadda Jordan. Soo jeedin badan ayaa laga soo jeediyay dowladda iyo hay’adaha gaarka ah si loo dhiso garoomada diyaaradaha ee dalka. Sanadkii 2021, soo jeedintii ugu dambeysay waxaa sameeyay dowladda Falastiin iyo dowladda Israa’iil labadaba si dib loogu horumariyo Gegida diyaaradaha ee Qalandia si uu u noqdo garoon caalami ah oo ay wadaagaan Israa’iiliyiinta iyo Falastiiniyiinta. 
Marinka Qaza waa gobolka kaliya ee xeebta ah ee Falastiin, halkaas oo ay ku taal Dekedda Gaza . Waxay ku jirtaa go'doomin dhinaca badda ah oo ay Israa'iil ku hayso, tan iyo markii ay dhulkaas go'doomisay. Sanadihii Oslo, dawladda Falastiin waxay iskaashi la samaysay Nederland iyo Faransiiska si ay u dhistaan ​​deked caalami ah laakiin mashruuca waa laga tagay. Sannadkii 2021, ra'iisul wasaarihii Israa'iil Naftali Bennett ayaa bilaabay mashruuc horumarineed oo Gaza ah, kaas oo ay ku jirto deked.
===Dalxiiska===
[[File:Gaza_by_Mujaddara_-_panoramio_(3400).jpg|thumb|Al Mashtal Hotel ee Gaza, ka hor dagaalkii Gaza]]
[[File:Jerusalem_Dome_of_the_rock_BW_14.JPG|thumb|Quddus waxay quduus u tahay saddexda diimood ee ugu waaweyn adduunka - Masiixiyadda, Islaamka iyo Yuhuudda, iyo sidoo kale Mandaeism.]]
Dalxiiska dalka waxaa loola jeedaa dalxiiska ee Bariga Jerusalem, Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza. Sanadkii 2010, 4.6  milyan oo qof ayaa booqday dhulka Falastiin, marka la barbar dhigo 2.6  milyan sanadkii 2009. Tiradaas, 2.2  milyan ayaa ahaa dalxiisayaal ajnabi ah, halka 2.7  milyan ay ahaayeen gudaha.  Dalxiisayaasha intooda badani waxay yimaadaan saacado yar oo keliya ama qayb ka mid ah safarka maalinlaha ah. Rubucii u dambeeyay ee 2012 in ka badan 150,000 oo marti ah ayaa joogay huteelada Daanta Galbeed. 40% waxay ahaayeen Yurub halka 9% ay ka yimaadeen Maraykanka iyo Kanada. Hagaha safarka ee Lonely Planet wuxuu qoray in &quot;Daanta Galbeedku maaha meesha ugu fudud ee lagu safro laakiin dadaalka ayaa lagu abaalmariyey.&quot; Goobaha xurmada leh sida gidaarka galbeed , Kaniisada Quddus Quddus , iyo Masjidka Al-Aqsa ayaa sanad walba soo jiitaan xujey iyo booqde aan tiro lahayn
Sannadkii 2013, wasiirka dalxiiska ee maamulka Falastiin Rula Ma'ay'a ayaa sheegtay in dawladeeda ay doonayso inay dhiirigeliso booqashooyinka caalamiga ah ee Falastiin, laakiin qabsashadu waa qodobka ugu muhiimsan ee ka hortagaya waaxda dalxiiska inay noqoto il dhaqaale oo weyn oo Falastiiniyiinta. Ma jiraan wax shuruudo fiisooyin ah oo lagu soo rogay muwaadiniinta ajnabiga ah marka laga reebo kuwa ay soo rogtay siyaasadda fiisaha ee Israa'iil. Gelitaanka Qudus, Daanta Galbeed, iyo Qaza waxaa si buuxda u maamula dawladda Israa'iil . Gelitaanka dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto wuxuu u baahan yahay oo keliya baasaboor caalami ah oo sax ah .  Dalxiiska ayaa inta badan xuddun u ah Yeruusaalem iyo Beytlaxam hareeraheeda. Jericho waa goob dalxiis oo caan ah oo loogu talagalay Falastiiniyiinta maxalliga ah.
===Isgaarsiinta===
Falastiin waxa loo yaqaan &quot;Silicon Valley of NGOs&quot;. Warshadaha farsamada sare ee Falastiin, waxay la kulmeen koboc wanaagsan tan iyo 2008. Sannadkii 2020, Xafiiska Dhexe ee Tirakoobka Falastiin (PCBS) iyo Wasaaradda Isgaarsiinta iyo Teknolojiyada ayaa sheegay in  Falastiiniyiinta ay joogeen 4.2 milyan oo macaamiil mobilada ah marka la barbar dhigo 2.6  milyan dhamaadka 2010. ee 2019, laga bilaabo 119 kun isla muddadaas.  Sanadka 2020, 97% qoysaska falastiiniyiintu waxay lahaayeen ugu yaraan hal khad mobilka gacanta ah. Ugu yaraan hal taleefan oo casriga ah waxaa iska leh 86% qoysaska (91% Daanta Galbeed iyo 78% ee Marinka Gaza). Qiyaastii 80% qoysaska reer Falastiin waxay heli karaan internetka guryahooda halka saddex meelood meel ay haystaan ​​kombuyuutar. 
Bishii Juun 2020, Bangiga Adduunka ayaa ansixiyay $ 15  milyan deeq ah Mashruuca Teknolojiyadda Dhallinyarada iyo Shaqooyinka ( TechStart ) ee ujeeddadiisu tahay in lagu caawiyo waaxda IT-ga Falastiiniyiinta kor u qaadista awoodda shirkadaha iyo abuurista shaqooyin tayo sare leh. Kanthan Shankar, Agaasimaha Bangiga Adduunka ee Daanta Galbeed iyo Gaza ayaa sheegay in waaxda IT ay awood u leedahay inay gacan xooggan ka geysato kobaca dhaqaalaha. Waxay siin kartaa fursado dhalinyarada Falastiiniyiinta, kuwaas oo ka kooban 30% dadweynaha oo ay haysato shaqo la'aan ba'an. 
===Adeegyada maaliyadeed===
[[File:Palestine_Islamic_Bank,_Salfit_01.jpg|thumb|Bangi ku yaal Salfit]]
Maamulka Lacagta ee Falastiin ayaa soo saaray hab-raacyo loogu talagalay hawlgalka iyo bixinta adeegyada lacag-bixinta elegtarooniga ah oo ay ku jiraan jeebka elektaroonigga ah iyo kaararka prepaid-ka ah. Hab -maamuuska Xidhiidhka Dhaqaalaha , oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano hab-maamuuska Paris waxaa kala saxeexday PLO iyo Israel, kaas oo ka mamnuucaya maamulka Falastiiniyiinta inay yeeshaan lacag u gaar ah. Heshiiskani waxa uu u gogol xaarayey in dawladdu ay qaaddo cashuuraha.
Kahor 1994, dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto waxay lahaayeen ikhtiyaaro bangi oo xadidan, iyadoo Falastiiniyiintu ay ka fogaanayeen bangiyada Israel .  Tani waxay keentay gobol aan bangi lahayn iyo dhaqaale ku salaysan lacag caddaan ah . Hadda, waxaa jira bangiyada 14 ee ka shaqeeya Falastiin, oo ay ku jiraan bangiyada Falastiin, Jordan iyo Masar, marka la barbardhigo 21 ee 2000 . Debaajiga bangiyada Falastiin waxay arkeen kobac weyn, oo ka kordhay US $ 1.2 bilyan 2007 ilaa US $ 6.9 ee 2018, oo u dhiganta 475% korodhka.  Qaybta bangiyada ayaa muujisay heerarka kobaca sanadlaha ah ee la taaban karo ee dhigaalka iyo faylalka amaahda, oo dhaaftay celceliska caalamiga ah.   Isku darka tas - hiilaadka amaahda ee ay bixiyeen dhammaan bangiyada 31 December 2018, ayaa gaadhay US$8.4 bilyan, taasoo muujinaysa koror laxaad leh oo boqolkiiba 492 ah marka la barbar dhigo US $ 1.42 bilyan ee 2007. US$5.02 bilyan, taasoo ka dhigan 61 boqolkiiba wadarta deymaha. Tani waxay muujinaysaa koror cajiib ah oo 737 ah oo u dhexeeya 2007 iyo 2018. Hadda, bangiyada diiwaangashan ee Falastiiniyiinta waxay hayaan 57 boqolkiiba dhigaalka macaamiisha waxayna bixiyaan 61 boqolkiiba deynta, marka la barbardhigo 26 boqolkiiba dhigaalka iyo 42 boqolkiiba deynta 2007. 
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Marka loo eego Xafiiska Tirakoobka Dhexe ee Falastiin (PCBS), laga bilaabo 26 Maajo 2021, Dawladda Falastiin 2021 badhtamaha sannadka dadku waa 5,227,193. Ala Owad, madaxweynaha PCBS, ayaa lagu qiyaasey dad gaaraya 5.3  milyan dhamaadka sanadka, 2021. Gudaha aagga 6,020 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (2,320  sq mi ), waxaa jira cufnaanta dadweynaha ee ku saabsan 827 qof halkii kiiloomitir laba jibaaran. Si loo dhigo tan si guud, celceliska cufnaanta dadweynaha ee adduunka waxay ahayd 25 qof halkii kiiloomitir laba jibaaran 2017. 
Kala bar dadka reer Falastiin waxay ku nool yihiin qurbaha , ama waa qaxooti .  Iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay in ay ku jirto xaalad colaadeed oo ay la leedahay Israa'iil, dagaalladii xigay waxay keeneen barokac baahsan oo Falastiiniyiin ah , oo loo yaqaan Nakba ama Naksa . Dagaalkii 1948 , ku dhawaad ​​700,000 oo falastiiniyiin ah ayaa laga saaray . Intooda badan waxa ay magangalyo ka raadsadaan dalalka deriska la ah Carabta sida Urdun, Ciraaq, Lubnaan iyo Masar, halka kuwa kalena ay ku nool yihiin sida dibad-bax ku nool Sucuudiga, Qatar, Cumaan iyo Kuwait.  Tiro badan oo Falastiiniyiin ah ayaa ku sugan Maraykanka, Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Yurub inteeda kale

===Diinta===
Dalku waxa uu caan ku ahaa muhiimadda diineed iyo meelo badan oo barakeysan, iyadoo diintu ay door muhiim ah ka qaadatay qaabaynta bulshada iyo dhaqanka dalka. Dhaqan ahaan waa qayb ka mid ah Dhulka Quduuska ah , kaas oo loo tixgeliyo dhul muqadas ah diimaha Ibraahim iyo sidoo kale diimaha kale. Sharciga aasaasiga ah wuxuu dhigayaa in Islaamku yahay diinta rasmiga ah laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu bixiyaa xorriyadda diinta, isagoo ku baaqaya in la ixtiraamo diimaha kale. Diimaha laga tirada badan yahay ayaa wakiil ka ah sharci-dejinta Maamulka Qaranka Falastiin. 
98% falastiiniyiintu waa Muslim , kuwaas oo intooda badan ay yihiin kuwa raacsan laanta Islaamka Sunniga iyo tiro yar oo Axmadiya . 15% waa muslimiin aan magac-raac ahayn . Masiixiyiinta Falastiin waxay matalaan tiro aad u tiro yar oo ah 1%, oo ay ku xigto bulshooyin diimeed oo aad u yaryar , oo ay ku jiraan Baha'is iyo Samaritans . Tirada ugu badan ee Masiixiyiintu waxay ku sugan yihiin Beytlaxam , Beit Sahour , iyo Beit Jala oo ku taal Daanta Galbeed, iyo sidoo kale marinka Gaza.  Diin ahaan, Masiixiyiinta Falastiiniyiinta intooda badan waxay ka tirsan yihiin Kaniisadaha Ortodokska Bari ama Oriental Ortodokska , oo ay ku jiraan Kaniisadda Ortodokska ee Giriiga , Kaniisadda Rasuullada ee Armenia , iyo Kaniisadda Ortodokska Suuriya .  Waxaa jira koox muhiim ah oo Roman Catholics ah , Catholics Greek ( Melkites ), iyo diimaha Protestant . 
Dadka ku nool 350 qof, reer Samaariya waxay aad isugu urursadeen agagaarka Buurta Gerizim .  Isku ekaanshaha u dhexeeya Samaritanism iyo yuhuudda awgeed , Samaritanka waxaa badanaa loogu yeeraa &quot;Yuhuudda Falastiin&quot;.  PLO waxay u aragtaa Yuhuuda inay yihiin Falastiiniyiin , kuwaas oo ku noolaa gobolka si nabad ah ka hor sarakicida Sionism.  Shakhsiyaadka qaarkood, gaar ahaan kuwa ka soo horjeeda Sahyuuniyiinta, waxay isu haystaan ​​Yuhuud Falastiiniyiin ah, sida Ilan Halevi iyo Uri Davis . Qiyaastii 600,000 oo Israa'iil ah, oo u badan Yuhuud, ayaa ku nool degsiimooyinka Israa'iil , sharci-darro ah marka loo eego sharciga caalamiga ah, oo dhan Daanta Galbeed. Sunagogga Jericho , oo ku yaal Jericho waa sunagogga kaliya ee ay maamusho Maamulka Falastiin.
===Goobaha Quduuska ah ee Falastiin===
[[File:Al-Aqsa is a silver-domed mosque inside a 35-acre compound referred to as al-Haram al-Sharif by Muslims in the Old City of Jerusalem, A UNESCO world heritage site. It is considered as 3rd most holy site in Islam. (6).jpg|thumb|Qudus waa hoyga Masjidka Al-Aqsa oo ah goobta 3aad ee ugu barakeysan Islaamka]]
[[File:Bethlehem-Nativity-140.jpg|thumb|Kaniisadda Dhalashadu waa mid ka mid ah goobaha ugu muhiimsan ee Masiixiyiinta.]]
[[File:Archaeological_site_Mount_Gerizim_IMG_2181.JPG|thumb|Buur Gerizim waa muqadas reer Samaariya]]
[[File:PikiWiki_Israel_43143_Cave_of_the_Patriarchs.JPG|thumb|Godka Wadaadka waa goob barakeysan oo ay ku nool yihiin Yahuudda , Muslimiinta iyo Kiristaanka]]
[[File:مقام النبي موسى في اريحا.jpg|thumb|Nabi Muuse waxa lagu tiriyaa inuu yahay &quot; Qabriga Muuse &quot; dhaqamada Islaamka.]]
[[File:PikiWiki_Israel_15003_Jericho_synagogue_mosaic.JPG|thumb|Sunagogga Jericho waxaa maamula maamulka Falastiiniyiinta .]]
[[File:Sebastia-2-179.jpg|thumb|Masjidka Nabi Yahya waxa ku jira qabriga dhaqanka ee Yooxanaa Baabtiisaha .]]
===Luuqad===
[[File:Armenian_parade_in_Jerusalem_2018-04-07_(40611059614).jpg|thumb|Armaniyiinta Yeruusaalem]]
Falastiiniyiinta asal ahaan waa Carab , waxayna ku hadlaan luqadda Carabiga .  Jaaliyadaha Bedouin ee dhalashada Falastiin waxay ka kooban yihiin tiro yar oo ku nool Daanta Galbeed, gaar ahaan agagaarka Hebron Hills iyo miyiga Yeruusaalem.  Laga bilaabo 2013, qiyaastii 40,000 Bedouins ayaa degan Daanta Galbeed iyo 5,000 Bedouins waxay ku nool yihiin Marinka Gaza. Jahalin iyo Ta'amireh waa laba qabiil oo reer Baadiyaha ah oo dalka ku nool.  Tiro badan oo ka mid ah qowmiyadaha aan Carabta ahayn ayaa sidoo kale ku nool dalka, iyada oo xubnahooda ay haystaan ​​sidoo kale dhalashada Falastiin.  Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah kooxaha Kurdiyiinta , Nawar , Assyrians , Romani , Druze , Afrikaan , Dom , Ruush , Turki iyo Armenian .
Inta badan bulshooyinka aan Carabta ahayn ee Falastiin waxay deggan yihiin hareeraha Jerusalem . Qiyaastii 5,000 oo Ashuur ah ayaa ku nool Falastiin, inta badan magaalooyinka barakeysan ee Yeruusaalem iyo Beytlaxam .  Dad lagu qiyaasay inta u dhaxaysa 200 iyo 450 Afrikaan madow, oo loo yaqaan Afro-Falastiin , ayaa ku nool Yeruusaalem.  Beel yar oo Kurdiyiin ah ayaa deggan Xebroon .  Nawar waa bulsho yar oo Dom iyo Romani ah , oo ku nool Yeruusaalem, kuwaas oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Hindiya . Qurba -joogta Ruushka ayaa sidoo kale laga helaa Falastiin, gaar ahaan Xarunta Ruushka ee Jerusalem iyo Hebron .  Intooda badani waa Masiixiyiin ka tirsan Kaniisadda Ortodokska ee Ruushka . 
2022, qiyaasta qiyaastii 5,000-6,000 Armenian ayaa ku noolaa guud ahaan Israa'iil iyo Falastiin ,  kuwaas oo ku dhawaad ​​​​1,000 Armeeniyiin ah ay ku noolaayeen Yeruusaalem ( Quarter Armenian ) inta kalena waxay ku noolaayeen Beytlaxam.  Laga soo bilaabo 1987, 400,000 ilaa 500,000 oo Turki ah ayaa ku nool Falastiin .  Sababo la xiriira dagaaladii sokeeye ee 1947-1949 , qoysas badan oo Turki ah ayaa ka qaxay gobolka waxayna degeen Urdun , Suuriya iyo Lubnaan .  Sida laga soo xigtay wargayska 2022 ee Al Monitor , qoysas badan oo asal ahaan Turki ah oo ku nool Gaza ayaa u haajiray Turkiga sababtoo ah &quot;xaaladda dhaqaale ee sii xumaanaysa ee go'doominta&quot;. [ 305 ] Dadka laga tirada badan yahay ee dalka ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo rogay qabsasho iyo xannibaadyo Israel
===Waxbarashada===
[[File:Wikipedia_education_program_birzeit_university_2016_ceremoney_15.jpg|thumb|Ardayda Jaamacadda Birzeit]]
[[File:IUG_administration_building.jpg|thumb|Dhismaha maamulka Jaamacadda Islaamiga ee Gaza]]
Heerka wax-akhris ee Falastiin wuxuu ahaa 96.3% sida lagu sheegay warbixin 2014 ah oo ay soo saartay Barnaamijka Horumarinta ee Qaramada Midoobay , taas oo heer sare ah marka loo eego heerarka caalamiga ah.  Waxaa jira farqi jinsi oo dadka da'doodu ka sarreyso 15 iyadoo 5.9% haweenka loo arko kuwo aan waxna akhriyin marka la barbardhigo 1.6% ragga.  Wax-akhris la'aanta haweenka ayaa hoos uga dhacday 20.3% 1997 ilaa in ka yar 6% 2014.  Gobolka Falastiin, Marinka Gaza ayaa leh heerka ugu sarreeya ee wax-akhris. Sida laga soo xigtay blog-saxaafadeed ee Jaamacadda Columbia , Falastiiniyiintu waa qaxootiga ugu aqoonta badan.
Nidaamka waxbarasho ee Falastiin wuxuu ka kooban yahay Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza labadaba, waxaana maamula Wasaaradda Waxbarashada iyo Tacliinta Sare . Waxbarashada aasaasiga ah ee Falastiin waxaa ka mid ah dugsiga hoose (fasalada 1-4) iyo dugsiga diyaarinta (fasalada 5-10).  Waxbarashada dugsiga sare waxay ka kooban tahay waxbarashada guud ee dugsiga sare (fasalada 11-12) iyo waxbarashada farsamada gacanta. Manhajka waxaa ku jira maaddooyin sida Carabi, Ingiriisi, xisaab, saynis, cilmiga bulshada, iyo jirdhiska. Cilmi-baarista diinta Islaamka iyo Masiixiga ayaa sidoo kale qayb ka ah manhajka sida ay sheegtay wasaaradda waxbarashadu. 
Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qasa waxay wada leeyihiin 14 jaamacadood, 18 kulliyadood oo jaamacadeed, 20 kulliyadood oo bulshada ah, iyo dugsiyada 3,000.  Jaamacadda Umadda ee An-Najah oo ku taal Nablus waa jaamacadda ugu weyn dalka, waxaa ku xiga Jaamacadda Al-Qudus ee Qudus iyo Jaamacadda Birzeit oo ku taal Birzeit oo u dhow Ramallah. Jaamacadda Al-Quds waxay ku guulaysatay qiimaynta 5-xiddigaha tayada tayada , waxaana lagu naanaysaa &quot;jaamacadda ugu mas'uulka ah bulsho ahaan dunida Carabta &quot;.  Sannadkii 2018, Jaamacadda Birzeit waxaa lagu qiimeeyay mid ka mid ah 2.7% ugu sarreeya jaamacadaha adduunka oo dhan daabacaadda 2019 ee Qiimaynta Jaamacadda Adduunka
===Caafimaadka===
[[File:Beit Jala Hospital 002.jpg|thumb|Isbitaal ku yaal Beytlaxam]]
Sida laga soo xigtay Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Falastiiniyiinta (MOH), laga bilaabo 2017, waxaa jiray 743 xarumaha daryeelka caafimaadka aasaasiga ah ee Falastiin (583 ee Daanta Galbeed iyo 160 ee Gaza), iyo 81 isbitaallada (51 ee Daanta Galbeed, oo ay ku jiraan Bariga Jerusalem, iyo 30 ee Gaza). Cisbitaalka ugu weyn Daanta Galbeed waxa uu ku yaala Nablus, halka Al-Shifa Hospital uu ku yaalo Marinka Gaza.
Ka shaqaynta hoos imanaysa Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka (WHO),  Kooxda Caafimaadka ee dhulka Falastiiniyiinta la haysto (oPt) waxaa la aasaasay 2009 oo ka dhigan iskaashi ka badan 70 ururada maxaliga ah iyo kuwa caalamiga ah ee aan dawliga ahayn iyo hay'adaha Qaramada Midoobay oo bixiya qaab loogu talagalay jilayaasha caafimaadka ee ku lug leh jawaabta bini'aadantinimo ee oPt. Kooxda waxaa wada guddoominaya MOH si loo hubiyo in la waafajiyo siyaasadaha iyo qorshayaasha qaranka.  Warbixinta Agaasimaha Guud ee WHO ee 1 May 2019 waxay qeexaysaa xaaladaha waaxda caafimaadka ee oPt ee tilmaamaya mudnaanta istaraatiijiga ah iyo caqabadaha hadda jira ee ku wajahan guulahooda  iyada oo la raacayo istaraatiijiyadda iskaashiga dalka ee WHO iyo Dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto 2017-2020.

==Dhaqanka==
[[File:Streets_of_Jerusalem_by_night_029_-_Aug_2011.jpg|thumb|Waddooyinka Magaalada Qadiimiga ah, Quddus Habeenkii Ramadaanta]]
Falastiiniyiinta asal ahaan iyo luqad ahaanba waxaa lagu tiriyaa inay ka mid yihiin dunida Carabta. Dhaqanka Falastiin ayaa saameyn culus ku yeeshay diinta, farshaxanka, suugaanta, qaab dhismeedka isboortiga, iyo shineemo.  UNESCO waxay aqoonsatay dhaqanka Falastiiniyiinta. Bandhiga Falastin ee Suugaanta ( PalFest ) waxay isu keentaa qorayaasha Falastiiniyiinta iyo kuwa caalamiga ah, fannaaniinta, iyo fannaaniinta dabaaldega suugaanta iyo dhaqanka. Bandhiga Maalmaha Shineemooyinka Falastiin ee sanadlaha ah ayaa soo bandhiga filimada Falastiiniyiinta iyo filim sameeyayaasha.
Dhaqanka Falastiin waa isku-dhafka caadooyinka asaliga ah, caadooyinka Carabta, iyo dhaxalka boqortooyooyinkii kala duwanaa ee xukumay gobolka. Dhulka falastiin waxa uu goob joog ka ahaa xadaarado qadiimi ah sida Kancaaniyiinta, Falastiiniyiinta iyo Israa’iiliyiinta, mid walbana waxa uu wax ku soo kordhinayaa dhaqankiisa. Qabsashadii Carabtu ee qarnigii 7aad waxay keentay saamaynta Islaamka, taas oo tan iyo wakhtigaas laf dhabar u ahayd aqoonsiga Falastiin. Caadooyinka Islaamka, oo ay ku jiraan luqadda, farshaxanka, iyo naqshadaha, ayaa dhaqanka galiyay astaamo kala duwan.
Muujinta dhaqanka Falastiin waxay inta badan u adeegtaa qaab iska caabin ah oo ka dhan ah shaqada iyo dulmiga. Farshaxanka waddooyinka, sida shaqada Banksy ee Beytlaxam, iyo bandhig faneedka Falastiiniyiinta ee sannadlaha ah, Al-Mahatta, ayaa ah tusaalayaal caabbintan dhaqameed. Magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Jerusalem, oo leh goobaheedii diimeed sida gidaarka Galbeed , Masjidka Al-Aqsa , iyo Kaniisadda Qudduuska Qudduuska ah , waxay haysaa muhiimad dhaqameed iyo taariikheed oo baaxad leh. Goobaha kale ee dhaqameed ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Yerixoo, goobta qadiimiga ah ee Sebastia , iyo magaalada Beytlaxam . 
Tiro badan oo xarumo dhaqameed ayaa laga helaa dalka oo dhan, ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan magaalooyinka waaweyn. 2009, Yeruusaalem waxaa loo magacaabay inay noqoto Caasimadda Dhaqanka ee Carabta , Beytlaxamna waxay ka qayb qaadatay Caasimadda Dhaqanka ee Carabta 2020.
===Dhismaha===
[[File:IHM רוואבי - Wadina.jpeg|thumb|Rawabi waa hoyga ugu weyn ee amphitheater Roman ee Bariga Dhexe.]]
Qaab dhismeedka Falastiin wuxuu ka kooban yahay dhaxal qani ah oo ka tarjumaya kala duwanaanshaha dhaqan iyo taariikheed ee gobolka. Taariikhda oo dhan, dhismaha Falastiiniyiinta waxaa saameeyay ilbaxnimooyin kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan Islaamka , Byzantine , Crusader , iyo Ottoman .  Dhismaha dhaqameed ee Falastiiniyiinta waxaa lagu gartaa isticmaalka qalabka maxaliga ah sida dhagaxa iyo farsamooyinka dhismaha dhaqameed.  Qaabka qaabdhismeedku wuu ku kala duwan yahay gobollo kala duwan, oo leh astaamo muuqda oo ay ka mid yihiin albaabbada qadiimiga ah, qubanaha, iyo qaababka joomatari ee adag. Qaab dhismeedka Islaamku wuxuu ka tagay saameyn weyn dhismayaasha Falastiiniyiinta. Masaajidada , mowlacyada , iyo madarasadaha ayaa lagu soo bandhigay farshaxanno aad u qurux badan, oo leh tusaalooyin xusid mudan oo ay ka mid yihiin Masjidka Al-Aqsa ee Jerusalem iyo Masjidka weyn ee Nablus . Rawabi waa hoyga amphitheater-ka Roomaanka ee ugu weyn bariga dhexe iyo dunida carabta . 
Falastiin waxay hoy u tahay dhowr dhisme oo Byzantine ah iyo Crusader.  Kaniisadda Qudduuska Qudduuska ah ee Yeruusaalem, taas oo dib u soo celinaysa qarnigii 4aad, waa goob muhiim ah oo xaj ah.  Qalcadda Crusader ee Krak des Chevaliers ee Golan Heights waa tusaale kale oo cajiib ah. Intii lagu jiray xilligii Cusmaaniyiinta, masaajidyo, daaro iyo dhismayaal dadweyne ayaa laga dhisay guud ahaan Falastiin. Halyeyga caanka ah ee Qubbada Dhagaxa ee Yeruusaalem waxa lagu sameeyay dib-u-habayn iyo dib-u-cusboonaysiin xilligii Cusmaaniyiinta, isaga oo soo bandhigay isku-dhafka Islaamka iyo walxaha dhismaha ee Byzantine. 
Rasem Badran iyo Mohamed Hadid waa naqshad-yaqaan Falastiini ah oo caan ah.  Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, qaab dhismeedka casriga ah ayaa ka soo baxay Falastiin, isaga oo isku daraya waxyaabo dhaqameed oo leh naqshado casri ah. Matxafka Falastiiniyiinta ee Birzeit , oo uu naqshadeeyay Heneghan Peng Architects , ayaa tusaale u ah isku-dhafkan, oo ku daraya motifs maxalliga ah iyo habdhaqanka dhismaha ee waara. Xarunta Shirarka Caalamiga ah ee Beytlaxam, waa qaab dhismeed caan ah oo muujinaya qaab-dhismeedka Falastiiniyiinta ee casriga ah. Dhisme kale oo xusid mudan waa Tiyaatarka Qaranka Falastiin ee Yeruusaalem. Qaybaha qaab dhismeedka casriga ah waxaa laga heli karaa xarumaha dukaamaysiga, hoteelada raaxada, jardiinooyinka tignoolajiyada iyo dhismooyinka dhaadheer ee dhaadheer. Taawarka ganacsiga Falastiin ee Ramallah waa dhismaha ugu dheer Falastiin.
===Farshaxan, muusig, iyo dhar===
[[File:Mohamamd_Assaf.jpg|thumb|Maxamed Assad]]
Muusigga dhaqameed ee Falastiin waxay si qoto dheer ugu xididaysan yihiin taariikhda iyo dhaqanka gobolka. Waxa ay ka kooban tahay qalab ay ka mid yihiin cuud (qalabka xadhkaha leh), qanuun (nooc ka mid ah xadhkaha) iyo qalabyada garaaca ee kala duwan.  Heesaha hiddaha iyo dhaqanka waxay inta badan muujinayaan mawduucyada jacaylka, hilowga, iyo waayaha nolol maalmeedka. Fanaaniinta sida Mohammad Assaf , oo ku guulaystey tartanka Arab Idol, ayaa aqoonsi caalami ah ka helay qaab dhismeedka heesaha Falastiiniyiinta. 
Dabke waa qaab qoob-ka-ciyaarka falastiiniyiinta oo caan ah oo ay weheliso muusig  Muusigga firfircoon ee laxanka leh waxaa lagu gartaa adeegsiga mijwiz (Flute cawsduur), tablah (durbaan), iyo sacabka qoob-ka-ciyaarka. Heesaha Dabke waxaa inta badan lagu qaadaa aroosyada, xafladaha, iyo munaasabadaha dhaqanka, taasoo kobcisa dareenka bulshada iyo aqoonsiga la wadaago. Muusigga pop-ga Falastiin ayaa caan ka helay sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, isaga oo isku daraya walxaha casriga ah ee saamaynta dhaqameed.  Fanaaniinta sida Mohammed Assaf, Amal Murkus , iyo Rim Banna ayaa wax ku biiriyay goobta pop-ga ee casriga ah iyaga oo wata habab gaar ah iyo codad xoog leh.  Heesahoodu waxay ka hadlayaan mawduucyada shakhsi ahaaneed iyo kuwa siyaasadeed labadaba, iyaga oo la falcelinaya Falastiiniyiinta iyo dhagaystayaasha adduunka oo dhan.
[[File:Free_Palestine_-2_(53253567471).jpg|thumb|Caruurta falastiiniyiinta oo wata dhar dhaqameedkooda]]
Hip-hop-ka falastiiniyiinta ayaa u soo baxday sidii dhexdhexaadin awood leh oo lagu muujinayo xaqiiqooyinka iyo halganka ay wajahayaan Falastiiniyiinta.  Farshaxannada sida DAM, Shadia Mansour , iyo Tamer Nafar waxay heleen aqoonsi caalami ah oo ku saabsan ereyada miyir-qabka ah ee bulshada, iyaga oo ka hadlaya mawduucyada sida shaqada, aqoonsiga, iyo iska caabinta. Falastiin Hip-hop waxay u adeegtaa nooc ka mid ah caabbinta dhaqameed, kor u qaadida codadka dhalinyarada Falastiiniyiinta. Rim Banna waxay ahayd heesaa falastiiniyiin ah oo caan ku ahayd codadkeeda ethereal iyo sida ay ugu heelan tahay ilaalinta muusiga reer Falastiin. Reem Kelani , oo ah fannaanad Falastiini ah oo fadhigeedu yahay Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, ayaa caan ku ah codkeeda xoogga badan iyo dib u tarjumiddeeda heesaha dhaqanka Falastiin. Dalal Abu Amneh waa heesaa iyo abwaan Falastiini ah oo caan ah
===Warbaahinta===
Waxaa jira tiro wargeysyo ah , wakaalado wararka iyo telefishinada Satellite-ka ee Falastiin . Wakaaladeeda wararka waxaa ka mid ah Wakaaladda Wararka Macaan , Wafa , iyo Shabakadda Wararka Falastiin. TV-ga Al-Aqsa , Al-Quds TV , iyo Sanabel TV ayaa ah kuwa ugu waaweyn ee baahiya satalaytka.
===Shineemo===
Soo saarista shineemo Falastiin waxay udub dhexaad u tahay Jerusalem, oo leh muuqaalo maxalli ah oo caan ah Ramallah, Beytlaxam, iyo Nablus. 
Makram Khoury , Mohammad Bakri , Hiam Abbass , iyo Amal Murkus ayaa u soo baxay waji caan ah shaleemada Falastiin intii lagu jiray 1970-meeyadii iyo 1980-meeyadii.  Areen Omari , Valantina Abu Oqsa , Saleh Bakri , Tawfeek Barhom , iyo Ashraf Barhom waxa ay caan noqdeen bartamihii 1990-meeyadii, halka Leem Lubany iyo Clara Khoury ay heleen sumcad tan iyo 2000 . Maqnaanshaha (1996), Faragelinta Rabbaaniga ah (2002), Jannada Hadda (2005), Waqtiga Hadhay (2009), iyo Cumar (2013).
Filim samaynta Documentary ayaa door weyn ka ciyaartay qabashada iyo diiwaan gelinta khibradda Falastiin. Filimada sida 5 Cameras jabay ee Emad Burnat iyo Guy Davidi ayaa helay amaano muhiim ah.  Filim-sameeyayaasha Falastiin waxay inta badan la kulmaan caqabado gaar ah sababtoo ah xaaladda siyaasadeed ee gobolka, iyada oo filimo badan oo lagu sameeyay sharciyada iyo halganka shaqada. Bandhiga Filimada Falastiiniyiinta, oo sanad walba lagu qabto magaalooyin kala duwan oo adduunka ah, ayaa soo bandhiga shaleemada falastiiniyiinta waxayna siisaa madal loogu talagalay filim sameeyayaasha Falastiiniyiinta inay ku wadaagaan sheekadooda.
===Ciyaaraha===
[[File:East_Jerusalem_by_Mujaddara_-_panoramio_(3434).jpg|thumb|Faisal Al-Husseini International Stadium oo ku yaala Al-Ram , Jerusalem]]
Falastiin ayaa tan iyo sanadkii 1996-kii ka qeyb qaadaneysay Ciyaaraha Olombikada , iyadoo ciyaartooydu ay ku tartamayaan ciyaaro kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin ciyaaraha fudud, dabaasha, judo-ga iyo taekwondo-ga.  Olimbikada Falastiin waxay u taagan yihiin qarankooda masraxa caalamiga ah. Dalku wuxuu xubin ka yahay guddiga Olombikada Adduunka. Kubadda cagta ka sokow, kubbadda koleyga, kubbadda gacanta, iyo kubbadda laliska ayaa sidoo kale ah ciyaaraha caanka ah ee Falastiin. Xiriirka Kubadda Koleyga ee Falastiiniyiinta iyo Xiriirka Kubadda Gacanta ee Falastiiniyiinta ayaa kormeera horumarinta iyo abaabulka ciyaarahan. 
Kubadda cagta (kubadda cagta) waa isboortiga ugu caansan Falastiin , oo leh kooxda kubbadda cagta qaranka ee Falastiin oo matalaya gobolka kubbadda cagta caalamiga ah oo ay maamusho FIFA adduunka oo dhan. Koobka Falastiin waa tartanka ugu horeeya ee kubada cagta gudaha Falastiin.  Waxay ka kooban tahay kooxo ka socda Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qaza, guushana waxay u taagan tahay Falastiin koobka AFC . Garoonka caalamiga ah ee Faysal Al-Xuseeni , oo ku yaalla magaalada Qudus, ayaa u taagan sidii garoonka ugu weyn ee Falastiin.  Waxay u adeegtaa sidii garoonkii kooxda kubbadda cagta qaranka. Garoomada kale ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah Dora International Stadium ee Hebron, Garoonka Falastiin ee Gaza iyo Nablus Football Stadium ee Nablus. 
Mohammed Hamada waa miisaan-qaadihii ugu horreeyay ee Falastiin, kaasoo ku guuleystay dahab 2022 International Weightlifting Federation International Championship Junior World Championship

==Tixraac==
[https://press.un.org/en/2024/sc15670.doc.htm &quot;Golaha Ammaanku wuu ku guul daraystay inuu soo jeediyo in Qaramada Midoobay ay si buuxda uga mid noqoto dawladda Falastiin, iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay diidmada qayaxan ee Maraykanku] {{Wayback|url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/sc15670.doc.htm |date=20240423110923 }}

[https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/140699#:~:text=ActionAid%3A%20Conditions%20in%20Rafah%20at,over%20one%20million%20displaced%20people &quot;ActionAid: Xaaladaha Rafah oo ah meesha burbursan, oo ay ku nool yihiin in ka badan hal milyan oo qof&quot;]

[https://www.npr.org/2024/05/24/g-s1-741/rafah-gaza-israel-hamas-war &quot;Ku dhawaad ​​1 milyan oo falastiiniyiin ah ayaa ka qaxaya Rafah iyo waqooyiga Gaza&quot;]

[https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/opt-west-bank-and-gaza-strip-population-census-2007-briefing OPT: Tirakoobka Dadweynaha ee Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza ee 2007]

[https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012/Table03.pdf &quot;Shaxda 3, Tirada dadka ee jinsiga, heerka korodhka dadweynaha ee sanadlaha ah, bedka dhulka iyo cufnaanta&quot;]

[https://www.ipcinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/ipcinfo/docs/IPC_Gaza_Strip_Acute_Food_Insecurity_Malnutrition_July_Sept2025_Special_Snapshot.pdf &quot;GAZA STRIP: Macaluul ayaa laga xaqiijiyey Gobolka Gaza, oo la saadaaliyey inay sii fidi doonto | 1 Luulyo - 30 Sebtembar 2025&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20250220090442/https://www.un.org/unispal/document/un-special-committee-press-release-19nov24/ &quot;Xasuus ayaa ka dhacaya indhahayaga hortooda: Taariikhdu ma cafin doonto waxqabad la'aantayada, Guddiga Gaarka ah ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa ka digay warbixintii guddiga 4-aad ee Golaha Guud]

[https://press.un.org/en/2024/gapal1473.doc.htm 'Waa Muhiim in Xasuuqa loogu yeero Xasuuq', Ka fiirso in la laalo aqoonsiga Israa'iil oo ah dal xubin ka ah Qaramada Midoobay, Khubaradu waxay u sheegeen Guddiga Xuquuqda Falastiin] {{Wayback|url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/gapal1473.doc.htm |date=20241105122046 }}

[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-09-10-mn-33546-story.html Israa'iil iyo PLO, ee Bid Taariikhiga ah ee Nabadda, waxay ku heshiiyaan aqoonsiga labada dhinac: Mideast: Ka dib tobanaan sano oo colaad ah, heshiisku wuxuu hoosta ka xariiqayaa u diyaargarowga labada dhinac ee ah inay wada noolaadaan.]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200844/http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2005_fall/gaza.htm &quot;Guddiyeyaashu waxay isku khilaafeen Xaaladda la wareegidda Gaza&quot;]

[https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-death-toll-war-health-ministry-816d592952814db869924f9626ca8876 In ka badan 60,000 oo Falastiiniyiin ah ayaa lagu dilay dagaalka 21-ka bilood ah ee Israel iyo Xamaas, sida ay sheegtay Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ee Gaza]

[http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cerd/docs/CERD.C.ISR.CO.14-16.pdf Tixgelinta warbixinnada ay soo gudbiyaan xisbiyada Dawladdu sida waafaqsan qodobka 9 ee Axdiga]

[https://www.un.org/unispal/document/oic-committee-of-six-on-palestine-considers-launching-global-action-to-support-the-rights-of-the-palestinian-people-and-end-the-occupation-press-release-non-un-document/ &quot;Guddiga OIC ee Lixda Falastiin waxay tixgelinayaan bilaabista Tallaabo caalami ah si ay u taageeraan xuquuqda dadka Falastiiniyiinta iyo joojinta shaqada - War-saxaafadeed (Dukumenti aan UN-ka ahayn)&quot;]

[https://tamilnation.org/tamileelam/shankarrajee &quot;Xiriir gaar ah la yeelo Madaxweynihii hore ee Falastiin Yaasir Carafaat] {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

[https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/item.aspx?name=pr1083 &quot;Xeer-ilaaliyaha Maxkamadda Caalamiga ah ee Dambiyada, Fatou Bensouda, ayaa furaysa baaritaan horudhac ah oo ku saabsan xaaladda Falastiin&quot;]

[https://undocs.org/A/RES/70/225 Madax-bannaanida Joogtada ah ee dadka Falastiiniyiinta ah ee ku nool dhulka la haysto ee Falastiin, oo ay ku jirto Bariga Jerusalem, iyo dadka Carabta ah ee ku nool Golan Suuriya ee la haysto ee ku saabsan kheyraadkooda dabiiciga ah A/RES/70/225]

[https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/ga11317.doc.htm &quot;Qaramada Midoobay Golaha Guud ee Toddoba iyo Lixdan: Golaha Guud ee Guud, Kulamada 44aad &amp; 45aad (PM &amp; Habeenkii). GA/11317: Golaha Guud wuxuu si aqlabiyad ah ugu codeeyay in Falastiin 'Xaaladda Kormeerayaasha aan Xubin ka ahayn' ee Qaramada Midoobay&quot;]

[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israel-defies-un-after-vote-on-palestine-with-plans-for-3000-new-homes-in-the-west-bank-8372494.html &quot;Israa'iil ayaa diidday Qaramada Midoobay ka dib markii ay u codaysay Falastiin iyadoo qorsheynaysa 3,000 oo guri oo cusub oo ku yaal Daanta Galbeed]

[https://apnews.com/article/un-resolution-palestinians-membership-rights-us-assembly-875560e897f27d6600090420f36404e4 &quot;Golaha Qaramada Midoobay ayaa ansixiyay qaraar siinaya Falastiin xuquuq cusub iyo dib u soo nooleynta xubinnimadeeda Qaramada Midoobay&quot;]

[https://www.alquds.edu/en/news/staff-news/38806/al-quds-university-wins-a-five-star-rating-in-all-qs-international-indicators-as-the-first-university-in-the-history-of-palestinian-higher-education/ &quot;Jaamacada Al-Quds waxay ku guulaysatay Qiimaynta Shanta Xiddig ee dhammaan QS International tilmaamayaasha sida Jaamacaddii ugu horeysay ee Taariikhda Waxbarashada Sare ee Falastiin&quot;]

[https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2024/1/29/palestine-bow-out-of-asian-cup-after-spirited-display-against-qatar &quot;Falastiin ayaa ka hartay koobka Asia ka dib markii ay soo bandhigeen ciyaar aad u xiiso badan oo ay la ciyaareen Qatar]

[https://www.onlinebettingacademy.com/stats/venue/palestine/faisal-al-husseini-international-stadium/7829 &quot;Faisal Al-Husseini International Stadium | Falastiin, Falastiin, Jabal Al Mukaber, Shabab Al Am'ari, Hilal Al-Quds • Stats&quot;]

[https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2024/8/11/the-gaza-man-a-palestinians-quest-to-make-it-to-the-olympics &quot;Ninka Gaza: Doonista Falastiiniyiinta si ay ugu soo baxdo Olombikada Paris&quot;]

[https://www.nli.org.il/he/maps/NNL_ALEPH990038051210205171/NLI#$FL27975722 &quot;Khariidadda gobolka Hebron oo ay soo saartay Sahanka Falastiin, oo muujinaya dhismaha 'El Moskobiya'] {{Wayback|url=https://www.nli.org.il/he/maps/NNL_ALEPH990038051210205171/NLI#$FL27975722 |date=20240525051131 }}

[https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/portals/_pcbs/PressRelease/Press_En_Preliminary_Results_Report-en.pdf#page=14.67 &quot;Natiijooyinka horudhaca ah ee Tirakoobka Dadweynaha, Guryaha iyo Dhismaha, 2017&quot;]

[https://thewire.in/world/trapped-in-indefinite-exile-the-history-of-palestinian-refugees-over-last-seven-decades &quot;Ku xayiran masaafuris aan xad lahayn: Taariikhda Qaxootiga Falastiiniyiinta Todobaatankii sano ee la soo dhaafay&quot;]

[https://www.fifa.com/football-development/fifa-forward/news/origin1904-p.cxm.fifa.com/palestinian-football-set-for-the-future-with-refreshed-stadium-and-new-modern-fa &quot;Kubadda cagta Falastiin ayaa loo dejiyay mustaqbalka oo leh garoon dib loo cusbooneysiiyey iyo qalab cusub oo casri ah&quot;]

[https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/statisticsIndicatorsTables.aspx?lang=en&amp;table_id=676 &quot;Qiyaastii dadka reer Falastiin badhtamihii sanadka ee maamul goboleedka, 1997-2026&quot;]{{reflist}}
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  <page>
    <title>Amber Heard</title>
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      <text bytes="8071" sha1="n1111jg6mk250xvxanssizuo1c9a9a1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|image=Amber Heard (43723454772).jpg|name=Amber Heard|caption=Heard ee 2018 [[San Diego Comic-Con]]|birth_name=Amber Laura Heard|birth_date={{birth date and age|1986|4|22|mf=yes}}|birth_place=[[Austin, Texas]]|occupation=Atariisho|years_active=2003–hada|spouse=[[Johnny Depp]] (2015–2017)|partner=[[Tasya van Ree]] &lt;br/&gt; (2008–2012)|other_names={{plainlist|
* Amber Laura Depp&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://people.com/celebrity/johnny-depp-amber-heard-actors-lawyer-seeks-to-bar-witnesses-from-testifying/|title=Johnny Depp's Lawyer Asks Judge to Prevent Amber Heard Witnesses from Testifying at Restraining Order Hearing|magazine=People|last=Loinaz|first=Alexis|date=June 15, 2016|access-date=December 30, 2018|archive-date=April 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403190442/https://people.com/celebrity/johnny-depp-amber-heard-actors-lawyer-seeks-to-bar-witnesses-from-testifying/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Amber van Ree&lt;ref name=&quot;vanReeNameChange&quot;&gt;{{cite web|first=Jodi|last=Guglielmi|title=Amber Heard Was Arrested for Domestic Violence in 2009 After Allegedly Striking Girlfriend Tasya van Ree|url=https://people.com/movies/amber-heard-arrested-for-domestic-violence-involving-girlfriend-in-2009/|website=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=June 7, 2016|access-date=April 23, 2022|quote=The actress legally changed her last name to van Ree in April 2008, and back to Heard four years later in April 2014.|archive-date=April 23, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423181004/https://people.com/movies/amber-heard-arrested-for-domestic-violence-involving-girlfriend-in-2009/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}|children=1}}'''Amber Laura Heard''' (dhashay Abriil 22, 1986) waa atariisho Mareykan ah oo caan ku ah doorkeeda filimada ''[[Never Back Down]]'' (2008), ''[[Drive Angry]]'' (2011), ''[[The Rum Diary (film)|The Rum Diary]]'' (2011)&lt;ref name=&quot;Porter2016&quot; /&gt; iyo doorka [[Mera (comics)|Mera]] ee ''[[Aquaman (filim)|Aquaman]]'' (2018). Iyadu waa afhayeenka [[L'Oréal|L'Oréal Paris]] iyo u doodaha xuquuqda aadanaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;ReutersOHCHR&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;OHCHR&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;glamour2018&quot; /&gt;

Heard waxa uu guursaday jilaaga [[Johnny Depp]] intii u dhaxaysay 2015 ilaa 2017. Furritaankoodu waxa uu soo jiitay indhaha warbaahinta markii uu Heard ku eedeeyay in Depp ay xad gudub ku samaysay xidhiidhkooda oo dhan. Sannadkii 2018, Depp ayaa dacweeyay daabacayaasha tabloid-ka Ingiriiska ee ''[[The Sun]]'' si ay u been sheegaan, isaga oo ku eedeeyay Heard xadgudub. Sannadkii 2020, garsooraha maxkamadda ayaa ogaaday in maqaalka la daabacay, ee eedaymaha ah in Depp uu ku xad-gudbay Heard, uu ahaa &quot;mid dhab ah oo run ah&quot;. Horraantii 2019, Depp ayaa Heard ku dacwaysay [[Karbaash|sumcad-dilo]] ka dhan ah [[op-ed]] ay ku qortay xadgudubka galmada iyo guriga ee [[Washington Post|''Washington Post'']]. 2020, Heard waxay gudbiyay dacwad ka dhan ah Depp. Maxkamadeynta [[Depp v. Heard]] waxay ka bilaabatay [[Virginia]] bishii Abriil 2022.

== Nolosha gaarka ah ==
Heard waxay si cad u [[Ka soo baxaysa armaajada|soo baxday]] 2010,&lt;ref name=&quot;Halterman&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Halterman|first=J.|title=EXCLUSIVE: Amber Heard talks about being out in Hollywood|publisher=[[AfterEllen.com]]|date=December 4, 2010|access-date=October 10, 2014|url=http://www.afterellen.com/exclusive-amber-heard-talks-about-being-out-in-hollywood/12/2010/|archive-date=October 15, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015082705/http://www.afterellen.com/exclusive-amber-heard-talks-about-being-out-in-hollywood/12/2010/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  waxay tiri &quot;Waxaan xiriir guul ah la yeeshay ragga oo hadda naag ah. Waan jeclahay qofka aan jeclahay; arrinta muhiimka waa qofka&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Frize&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|first=Sam|last=Frize|title=5 Things You Should Know About Amber Heard|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=January 19, 2014|access-date=September 6, 2017|url=http://entertainment.time.com/2014/01/19/5-things-you-should-know-about-amber-heard/|archive-date=March 23, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323211008/http://entertainment.time.com/2014/01/19/5-things-you-should-know-about-amber-heard/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Amber Heard waxay xidhiidh la lahayd Tasya van Ree laga bilaabo 2008 ilaa 2012.&lt;ref name=&quot;Halterman&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;LAtimesengagement&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/gossip/la-et-mg-johnny-depp-amber-heard-engagement-rumors-engaged-20140117-story.html|title=Johnny Depp and Amber Heard spark engagement rumors|last=Saad|first=Nardine|work=Los Angeles Times|date=January 17, 2014|access-date=August 20, 2016|archive-date=August 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826195327/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/gossip/la-et-mg-johnny-depp-amber-heard-engagement-rumors-engaged-20140117-story.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Miller|first=Michael|date=June 9, 2016|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|title=Amber Heard's 2009 Arresting Officer Speaks Out: 'I Am So Not Homophobic or Misogynistic!'|url=https://people.com/movies/amber-heards-arresting-officer-speaks-out-i-am-so-not-homophobic/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ka dib markii ay kala tageen iyada iyo Johnny Depp,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/amber-heard-meet-the-new-mrs-johnny-depp-737427|title=Amber Heard: Meet the New Mrs Johnny Depp|website=NDTV|language=en|access-date=February 6, 2015|archive-date=June 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608053508/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/amber-heard-meet-the-new-mrs-johnny-depp-737427|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Heard waxa ay ku jirtay xidhiidh ganacsade teknoolajiyadeed iyo maamulaha [[Tesla, Inc.|Tesla]] iyo saamile [[Elon Musk]] muddo sannad ah, ilaa horraantii 2018.&lt;ref name=&quot;THRDec2018&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/08/06/elon-musk-breaks-up-with-amber-heard-report-says/|title=Tesla CEO Elon Musk breaks up with Amber Heard, report says|date=August 6, 2017|access-date=June 6, 2020|archive-date=September 12, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912212523/http://www.mercurynews.com/2017/08/06/elon-musk-breaks-up-with-amber-heard-report-says/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elon Musk and Amber Heard Call it Quits ... Again|url=https://people.com/movies/elon-musk-amber-heard-call-quits-again/|access-date=February 28, 2021|website=People|language=en|archive-date=March 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301193214/https://people.com/movies/elon-musk-amber-heard-call-quits-again/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kadib waxay xiriir la yeelatay jilaa iyo Bianca Butti laga bilaabo Janaayo 2020 ilaa Disembar 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://people.com/movies/amber-heard-and-girlfriend-bianca-butti-everything-we-know-about-the-new-couple/|title=Amber Heard and Girlfriend Bianca Butti: Everything We Know About the New Couple|website=people.com|date=25 March 2020|access-date=May 10, 2022|archive-date=April 28, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428213951/https://people.com/movies/amber-heard-and-girlfriend-bianca-butti-everything-we-know-about-the-new-couple/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.marca.com/en/lifestyle/celebrities/2022/05/06/62748611268e3e851e8b4663.html|title=What's Amber Heard's full dating history?|website=Marca|date=5 May 2022|access-date=May 10, 2022|archive-date=May 10, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220510220223/https://www.marca.com/en/lifestyle/celebrities/2022/05/06/62748611268e3e851e8b4663.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-news/amber-heard-first-child-surrogate-1234976874/|title=Amber Heard Reveals She Welcomed Her First Child Via Surrogate|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|first=Allison|last=Crist|date=July 1, 2021|accessdate=December 28, 2021|archive-date=July 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701231714/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-news/amber-heard-first-child-surrogate-1234976874/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyo ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Makaahiil isaaq</title>
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== Beelaha Makahiil Isaaq==
'''Beesha Makahiil''' waa '''qabiil weyn oo Soomaaliyeed''' oo ka tirsan beesha [[Sacad Muuse]], faraca [[Subeer Awal]], oo isaguna ka tirsan beelaha waaweyn ee [[Isaaq]]. Beesha Makahiil waxay leedahay taariikh qoto dheer, dhaqan hodan ah, suugaan fac weyn, iyo hogaamin bulsho oo soo jireen ah. Waxay caan ku tahay culimo, abwaano, aqoonyahanno, ganacsato, iyo odayaal dhaqameed.

=== Subeer Awal ===
[[Subeer Awal]] waxa uu dhalay lix wiil:

* [[Sacad Muuse]]
* [[Ciise Muuse]]
* [[Cadale Muuse]]
* [[Cigale Muuse]]
* [[Afgaab Muuse]]
* [[Cabdi Muuse]]

Beesha [[Sacad Muuse]], oo ay Makahiil ka tirsan tahay, waa faraca ugu ballaaran ee Subeer Awal.&lt;ref&gt;mskaahiil history 

=== Abtirsiinta Beesha Makahiil ===
[[Makahiil]] waxa uu dhalay lix wiil:

* [[Xasan Makahiil]]
* [[Abokor Makahiil]]
* [[Cumar Makahiil]]
* [[Maxamed Makahiil]]
* [[Muuse Makahiil]]
* [[Nuux Makahiil]]
* [[ Naaleeye Ali (Xasan Makaahiil]]

Qabiilka Makahiil wuxuu ka kooban yahay jilibyo iyo qoysas faro badan oo ku firirsan gobollo badan oo [[Geeska Afrika]] ah.

=== Deegaamada Beesha Makahiil ===
Beesha Makahiil waxay degaan ahaan ku firirsan tahay:

* Gobolka [[Maroodi-jeex]]: [[Hargeysa]] iyo nawaaxigeeda
* Gobolka [[Saaxil]]: [[Bulxaar]]
* Gobolka [[Soomaalida Itoobiya]]
* [[Jabuuti]]
* [[Kenya]] iyo [[Tanzania]]
* Dalalka qurbaha sida [[UK]], [[Canada]], [[USA]], [[Norway]]

==== Bulxaar ====
Degmada [[Bulxaar]] waa xarun dhaqameed iyo taariikheed oo muhiim u ah Beesha Makahiil. Waa magaalo:

* Leh xeeb fac weyn
* A ahayd xarun ganacsi iyo kalluumaysi taariikhi ah
* Laga yaqaan hogaamiye dhaqameedyo, abwaano, culimo, ganacsato

=== Haldoorka Beesha ===

==== Abwaano ====
Beesha Makahiil waxay caan ku tahay abwaano suugaanta Soomaaliyeed aad ugu miisaan culus, waxaana ka mid ah:


* [[Sheekh Maxamuud sheekh muxumed Suufi )]]
=== Sheekh Maxamuud Sheekh Muxumed Suufi ===
[[File:Sheekh_Maxamuud_sheekh_muxumed_Suufi.jpg|thumb|200px|Sheekh Maxamuud Sheekh Muxumed Suufi]]
Caalim Soomaaliyeed oo ka mid ahaa haldoorada diinta, gaar ahaan beesha Makaahiil Isaaq. Wuxuu caan ku ahaa baridda Tafsiirka Qur’aanka, Fiqiga, Tajwiidka iyo guud ahaan culuumta Islaamka. Sheekhu wuxuu sidoo kale ahaa Wasiirkii hore ee Wasaaradda Diinta iyo Awqaafta Somaliland, isaga oo door muuqda ka qaatay horumarinta adeegyada diinta iyo maamulka awqaafta. Wuxuu dhaxal cilmi ah reebay, isagoo soo saaray jiilal badan oo Qur’aan-barayaal iyo ducaad ah oo maanta ka hawlgala gudaha iyo dibedda dalka.

* '''Maxamed Xaashi Dhamac &quot;Gaarriye&quot;''' – Abwaan Soomaaliyeed oo caan ku ahaa curinta suugaanta casriga ah, qoraal-diineed iyo cilmi-baarista miisaanka maansada. Gaarriye waxa uu si weyn uga qayb qaatay hal-abuurka suugaanta, gaar ahaan silsiladdii caanka noqotay ee &quot;Miimley&quot;, sidoo kale waxa uu lahaa gabayo siyaasadeed iyo bulsho oo si weyn loo aqoonsaday. Wuxuu sidoo kale la shaqeeyay khubaro caalami ah oo baaray miisaanka iyo qaafiyadda maansada Soomaaliga.&lt;ref&gt;BBC Somali, “Taariikhda Abwaan Gaarriye,” 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Gaariye.png|thumb|150px|Gaarriye isagoo tix recit gareynaya 1980-meeyadii]]
* [[Abdiraxmaan Farah Jaamac (Guribarwaaqo)]], qoraa, wariye, hal-abuur iyo Wasiirkii hore ee Warfaafinta Somaliland.
[[File:Abdiraxmaan Farah Jaamac guribarwaaqo.jpg|thumb|Cabdiraxmaan Farah Jaamac Guribarwaaqo]]
* [[Xuseen Jaamac Rooble (Xaaji Gujis)]], abwaan, fanaan, jilaaga masraxiyadda iyo hal‑abuur faneed oo caan ka ahaa Somaliland.
[[File:Xuseen Jaamac Rooble ( Xaaji gujis).jpg|thumb|Xaaji Gujis]]
* [[Feysal Omar Mushteeg]], macalin, fanaan, hal-abuur ka qayb qaatay musicals, iyo ninkii Hal abuurkii  heesaha qaraamiga ah iyo subciska Soomaaliyeed.
[[File:Feysal Omar Mushteeg.jpg|thumb|Feysal Omar Mushteeg]]

* **Xasan Xaaji Cabdilahi (Xasan Ganey)** – Abwaan Soomaaliyeed oo caan ku ah suugaanta iyo dhaqanka.

[[File:Xasan Xaaji Cabdilahi (Xasan Ganey).jpg|thumb|200px|Xasan Xaaji Cabdilahi (Xasan Ganey)]]
==== Culimo iyo Aqoonyahan ====
Waxaa kale oo kasoo baxay:

* Culimo faafinta diinta Islaamka ku caan ah
* Aqoonyahanno waxbarashada iyo cilmi-baarista ku xeel dheer
* Caaqilo iyo xeer-beegayaal dhaqanka ka shaqeeya

=== Doorka Bulshada ===
Beesha Makahiil waxay door weyn ku leedahay:

* Ilaalinta dhaqanka
* Nabadaynta iyo xalinta khilaafaadka
* Waxbarashada iyo caafimaadka
* Ganacsiga iyo horumarinta deegaanka
* Ka qaybqaadashada siyaasadda iyo samafalka bulshada

== Beesha Makaahiil Isaaq ==
'''Beesha Makahiil''' waa qabiil taariikhi ah oo fac weyn, lehna sumcad suugaan, diin, dhaqan iyo dad wax-gal ah. Waxay qayb weyn ka yihiin beesha [[Sacad Muuse]], laf-dhabarta [[Subeer Awal]]. [[Degmada Bulxaar]] waxay matalaysaa xaruntooda dhaqameed ee ugu weyn.

== Tixraacyo ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Xigashooyin Dibadda ==

* Lewis, I.M. (1999). ''A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa.'' James Currey.
* Mukhtar, M. H. (2003). ''Historical Dictionary of Somalia.'' Scarecrow Press.
* Walls, M. (2011). ''State Formation in Somaliland: Bringing Deliberation to Institutionalism.'' UCL.
* Markus Hoehne (2015). ''Between Somaliland and Puntland: Marginalization, Militarization and Conflicting Political Vision.''
* Somaliland Census and Demographic Data. Ministry of National Planning. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250312034152/https://slministryofplanning.org/]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lisabona Rahman</title>
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      <text bytes="613" sha1="b3h9kga8bbmt9voh0r9yypvjvfzyt08" xml:space="preserve">'''Lisabona Rahman''' waa daraasad filimaan [[Indunisiya]] ah iyo u dhaqdhaqaaqa kaydinta. Waxa uu ku dhashay [[Lisbon]], [[Burtuqaal]] [[1978]]kii.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Doviana|first=Siska|date=29 Desember 2017|title=LISABONA RAHMAN: PEREMPUAN, PEMIKIRAN DAN PENCATATAN SEJARAH|url=https://ciptamedia.org/lisabona/perempuan-pemikiran-dan-pencatatan-sejarah/|website=ciptamedia.org|access-date=18 Oktober 2021|archive-date=2021-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019233730/https://ciptamedia.org/lisabona/perempuan-pemikiran-dan-pencatatan-sejarah/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=Tix=
{{reflist}}
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  <page>
    <title>Jasiiradda Balkaan</title>
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      <text bytes="22388" sha1="ejhe0fo6vb6yxird8wf1i7okoahax6m" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox peninsulas
| name          = 
| local_name    = 
| image         = Geographic map of Balkan Peninsula.svg
| image_caption = Geographical map of the Balkan Peninsula
| image_alt     = The Balkan Peninsula according to Prof. R. J. Crampton
| locator_map   = 
| mapframe-zoom = 4
| location      = Koon-bari Bari [[Europe]]
| coordinates   = 
| highest_mount = [[Musala]] ([[Bulgaria]])
| elevation_m   = 2925
| country       = [[#Definitions and boundaries|Eeg hoose]]
| demonym       = 
}}

Erayga '''Balkan''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɔː|l|k|ən|z}}) {{respell|BAWL|kənz}}, ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɒ|l|k|ən|z}}) {{respell|BOL|kənz}}
&lt;/ref&gt;), oo qayb ahaan u dhigma '''Jasiiradda Balkan''', waa deegaan juqraafi ah oo ku yaalla [[southeastern Europe|koon-bari Bari Yurub]] oo leh qeexitaanno juqraafi iyo taariikheed oo kala duwan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7BakAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA116 |first1=Colin S. |last1=Gray |first2=Geoffrey |last2=Sloan |title=Geopolitics, Geography and Strategy |access-date=10 November 2014 |isbn=9781135265021 |year=2014|publisher=Routledge }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Balkans |title=Balkans |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2017-12-13 |archive-date=17 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517055138/https://www.britannica.com/place/Balkans |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schaefer2008&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Richard T. Schaefer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YMUola6pDnkC&amp;pg=PT181 |title=Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity, and Society |publisher=Sage |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-4129-2694-2 |page=129}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gobolku magaciisa wuxuu ka qaataa [[Balkan Mountains|Buuraha Balkan]] ee dherisan dhammaan [[Bulgaria]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Niktalab |first=Poopak |author-link=Poopak NikTalab |title=Over the Alps: History of Children and Youth Literature in Europe |publisher=Faradid Publisher |year=2024 |isbn=9786225740457 |edition=1st |location=Tehran, Iran |pages=6 |language=fa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jasiiradda Balkan waxaa xudduud la leh [[Adriatic Sea]] oo dhanka waqooyi-galbeed kaga beegan, [[Ionian Sea]] oo dhanka koon-galbeed kaga beegan, [[Aegean Sea]] oo dhanka koonfureed kaga beegan, [[Turkish Straits]] oo dhanka bari kaga beegan, iyo [[Black Sea]] oo dhanka waqooyi-bari kaga beegan. Xudduuda waqooyi ee [[peninsula|jasiiradda]] waxaa loo qeexaa si kala duwan.&lt;ref name=&quot;DaskalovMishkova2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Alexander Vezenkov |editor=Roumen Dontchev Daskalov, Tchavdar Marinov |title=Entangled Histories of the Balkans – Volume Four: Concepts, Approaches, and (Self-) Representations |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R3cEDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA141 |year=2017 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-33782-4 |pages=115–256 |chapter=Entangled Geographies of the Balkans: The Boundaries of the Region and the Limits of the Discipline}}&lt;/ref&gt; Meesha ugu sarreysa ee Balkans waa [[Musala]], {{convert|2925|m}}, oo ku taalla silsiladda buuraleyda [[Rila]], Bulgaria.

Fikradda Jasiiradda Balkan waxaa abuuray juqraafiyaha Jarmalka ah [[August Zeune]] sannadkii 1808,&lt;ref name=&quot;Tomic2006&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Olga M. Tomic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MFWOYUHULgsC&amp;pg=PA35 |title=Balkan Sprachbund Morpho-Syntactic Features |publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-4020-4488-5 |page=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; kaasoo si khaldan u tixgeliyey Buuraha Balkan inay yihiin n galka buuraleyda ee ugu muhiimsan koon-bari Bari Yurub ee ka soo fidaya Badda Adriatic ilaa Badda Madow. Qarnigii 19-aad ereyga ''Jasiiradda Balkan'' wuxuu ahaa mid la macne ah [[Rumelia]], qaybaha Yurub ee ahaa gobollada [[Ottoman Empire|Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta]] xilligaas. Wax lahayd qeexitaan siyaasadeed intii ay ahaan lahayd mid juqraafi ah, taas oo sii xoogaysatay intii lagu jiray [[creation of Yugoslavia|aasaaskii Yugoslaafiya]] horraantii qarnigii 20-aad. Qeexitaanka xudduudaha dabiiciga ah ee Jasiiradda Balkan ma waafaqsana qeexitaanka farsamo ee jasiiradda; sidaas darteed juqraafaayeyaasha casriga ah waxay diidaan fikradda Jasiiradda Balkan, halka culimada taariikhdu ay badanaa kaga hadlaan Balkans sidii gobol. Eraygani wuxuu helay macne sumcad xumo iyo aflagaado ah oo la xiriira habka [[Balkanization]].&lt;ref name=&quot;DaskalovMishkova2017&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BideleuxJeffries2007&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author1=Robert Bideleux |author2=Ian Jeffries |title=The Balkans: A Post-Communist History |url=https://archive.org/details/balkanspostcommu0000bide |url-access=registration |year=2007 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-58328-7 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/balkanspostcommu0000bide/page/n22 1]–3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gobolka waxaa sidoo kale loogu yeeri karaa [[Southeast Europe|Yurubta Koon-bari Bari]].

Xudduudaha qaranka ee Balkans, oo ay sabab u tahay qeexitaanno badan oo is khilaafaya, waa kuwo aad loogu murmo, iyada oo aan jirin heshiis caalami ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha ay ka kooban tahay. Sida ku cad qeexitaannada badankood, ereygu wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[Albania]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Croatia]] (oo keliya aagga koonfureed ee wabiyada [[Sava]] iyo [[Kupa]]), dhulka weyn ee [[Greece]], [[Kosovo]], [[Montenegro]], [[North Macedonia]], [[Romania]] (oo keliya [[Northern Dobruja]]), [[Serbia]] (oo keliya aagga koonfureed ee wabiga [[Danube]]), [[Slovenia]] (qiyaasta hoose ee koon-galbeed) iyo [[East Thrace]] ee ku taalla [[Turkey]]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qeexitaanno kale oo ballaaran ayaa sidoo kale waxaa ku jira dhulka harsan ee Romania iyo Serbia. Intaa waxaa dheer, qeexitaanno qaar ayaa waxaa ku jira [[Hungary]] iyo [[Moldova]] sababo la xiriira arrimo dhaqameed iyo kuwo taariikheed. [[province of Trieste|Gobolka Trieste]] ee waqooyi-bari [[Italy]], inkasta oo qeexitaanno qaar ay ku taallo jasiiradda juqraafiyaha ah, haddana guud ahaan waa laga saaray Balkans marka laga eego xaalad goboleed.

==Magaca==
===Asalka erayga===
Asalka erayga ''Balkan'' waa mid aan caddayn; waxaa laga yaabaa inay la xiriirto luqadda [[Turkish language|Turkish]] {{lang|tr|bālk}} 'dhiiqo' (laga soo bilaabo Proto-Turkic *''bal'' 'dhiiqo, dhoobo; walax culus ama dhegdheg leh', eeg sidoo kale Turkic [[:en:wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bạl|bal]] 'malab'), iyo suufijinta Turkish ''-an'' 'kayn dhiiqo leh'&lt;ref&gt;Current Trends in Altaic Linguistics; [https://www.academia.edu/5693478/European%20Balkan%20s%20Turkic%20bal%20yk%20and%20the%20problem%20of%20their%20original%20meanings European Balkan(s), Turkic bal(yk) and the Problem of Their Original Meanings] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710141315/https://www.academia.edu/5693478/European%20Balkan%20s%20Turkic%20bal%20yk%20and%20the%20problem%20of%20their%20original%20meanings |date=10 July 2022 }}, Marek Stachowski, Jagiellonian University, p. 618.&lt;/ref&gt; ama [[Persian language|Faaris]] ''bālā-khāna'' 'guri weyn oo sarreeya'.&lt;ref name=&quot;Todorova 1997 27&quot; /&gt; Waxaa loo isticmaali jiray inta badan xilligii [[Ottoman Empire|Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta]]. Labada [[Ottoman Turkish]] iyo [[Turkish language|Turkish-ka casriga ah]], ''{{lang|tr|balkan}}'' waxaa loola jeedaa 'silsilad buuro kaymo leh'.&lt;ref name=&quot;Balkan.&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_/balkan.html |title=Balkan |encyclopedia=Encarta World English Dictionary |publisher=Microsoft Corporation |access-date=31 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070110000315/http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_/balkan.html |archive-date=10 January 2007 |url-status=dead}} {{Wayback|url=http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_/balkan.html |date=20090412052903 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Büyük Türkçe Sözlük |title=balkan |publisher=Türk Dil Kurumu |url=http://www.tdkterim.gov.tr/bts/ |quote=Sarp ve ormanlık sıradağ |language=tr |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110825034714/http://www.tdkterim.gov.tr/bts/ |archive-date=25 August 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Kélékian |first=Diran |title=Dictionnaire Turc-Français |publisher=Mihran |year=1911 |pages=247 |language=fr |chapter=بالقان balqan |quote=Chaîne de montagnes couveres de forêts. ''Geogr.'' Le mont Hæmus; le Balkan.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Magacyadii taariikhiga ahaa iyo macnaha===
====Laga soo bilaabo qadiimiga ilaa qarniyadii dhexe ee horraanta====
Gobolka maanta loo yaqaanno Balkans waa inta badan [[Danube civilisation|ilbaxnimadii duqda ahayd ee Danube]] (taas oo ahayd tii ugu da'da weynayd Yurub),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tiLoDwAAQBAJ|title=The Mystery of the Danube Civilisation|last1=Haarmann|first1=Harald|publisher=Marix Verlag|date=2020|isbn=9783843806466}}&lt;/ref&gt; oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanno ilbaxnimadii [[Old Europe (archaeology)|Yurubta Duqda ah]], taas oo gaartay heerkeedii ugu sarreeyay int u dhaxaysay 5000 iyo 3500 C.H.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFEARIQ6zYoC|title=The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000-3500 BC|date=2010|isbn=9780691143880|last1=Anthony|first1=David|editor-last1=Anthony|editor-first1=David|editor-last2=Chi|editor-first2=Jennifer|publisher=New York University, Institute for the Study of the Ancient World|pages=29}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Anchor|Haemus}}Laga soo bilaabo [[classical antiquity|xilligii qadiimiga ahaa ee classic]] ilaa [[Middle Ages|Qarniyadii Dhexe]], Buuraha Balkan waxaa loogu yeeri jiray magaca [[Thracians|Thracian]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VDoQAQAAMAAJ&amp;q=hemus+thracian+name |title=Bulgaria |page=54 |work=Hemus – a Thracian name |publisher=Indiana University |year=1986}}&lt;/ref&gt; ee [[Haemus]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Balkan Studies|date=1986|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEJpAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=thracian+sama+greek+haemus}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sida ku cad khuraafaadka Giriigga, boqorka [[Thrace|Thracian]] [[Haemus]] waxaa [[Zeus]] u beddelay buur ciqaab ahaan buurtiina waxay ku hartay magaciisii.&lt;ref&gt;[[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' 6.87–89&lt;/ref&gt; Nidaam magac oo roon ayaa sidoo kale la soo jeediyay. D. Dechev wuxuu u arkaa in Haemus (Αἷμος) laga soo qaatay erayga [[Thracian language|Thracian]] ''*saimon'', oo macnaheedu yahay 'dhabarka buurta'.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Decev |first1=D |title=Balkan Studies |date=1986 |publisher=University of Michigan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEJpAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=thracian+sama+greek+haemus |access-date=20 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Suurtagalnimada saddexaad ayaa ah in &quot;Haemus&quot; ({{lang|grc|Αἵμος}}) uu ka soo jeedo erayga Giriigga ah ee ''haima'' ({{lang|grc|αἷμα}}) oo macnaheedu yahay 'dhiig'. Khuraafaadku wuxuu la xiriiraa dagaal dhex maray [[Zeus]] iyo bahalkii/ninkii weynaa ee [[Typhon]]. Zeus wuxuu dhaawacay Typhon oo wata hillaac dhiiggii Typhonna wuxuu ku dhacay buuraha, taas oo siiyay magacooda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900870232069|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900870232069/page/20 20]|quote=Haemus bloody zeus typhon.|title=Gods and Heroes of the Greeks: The Library of Apollodorus|publisher=Univ of Massachusetts Press|access-date=12 September 2014|isbn=978-0870232060|last1=Apollodorus|year=1976}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Qarniyadii Dhexe ee dambe iyo xilligii Cusmaaniyiinta====
Xusidda ugu horreysa ee magaca waxay ka muuqataa khariidad Carabi ah oo qarnigii 14-aad ah, taas oo [[Haemus Mons|Buuraha Haemus]] loogu yeero ''Balkan''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dobrev 1989&quot;&gt;{{cite book | title = Проиcхождение географического названия Балкан – Sixieme Congres international d'etudes du Sud-Est Europeen |language=fr | first= Ivan | last = Dobrev | publisher = Ed.de l'Académie bulgare des Sciences | year = 1989 | location = Sofia | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=jxYZnQEACAAJ }}&lt;/ref&gt; Markii ugu horreysay ee la xaqiijiyo in magaca &quot;Balkan&quot; loo isticmaalay Galbeedka silsiladda buuraleyda ee [[Bulgaria]] waxay ahayd warqad la diray 1565 oo loo diray Pope [[Pope Innocent VIII|Innocent VIII]] waxaa qoray [[Filippo Buonaccorsi]], oo ahaa aqoonyahan Talyaani ah, qoraa iyo diblomaasi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Todorova |first=Maria |author-link=Maria Todorova |title=[[Imagining the Balkans]] |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-538786-5 |page=22}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ottoman Turks|Cusmaaniyiintu]] waxay marka ugu horreysa ku xuseen dukumenti taariikhdiisu tahay 1565.&lt;ref name=&quot;Todorova 1997 27&quot; /&gt; Ma jirin wax isticmaal ah oo kale oo la diiwaangeliyey oo eraygan loogu isticmaalay in lagu tixraaco gobolka ka hor inta aan la gaarin waqtigaas, inkasta oo qabiilooyin kale oo Turkic ah ay horay ugu degeen ama ay soo mareen gobolka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Todorova 1997 27&quot;&gt;{{cite book | title = Imagining the Balkans | first=Maria N. | last =Todorova | publisher = Oxford University Press, Inc. | year = 1997 | location = New York | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-EuFwLQhvYMC&amp;pg=PA27 | page=27| isbn=9780195087512 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa sidoo kale jirta sheegasho ku saabsan asal hore oo [[Oghuric languages|Bulgar]] Turkic ah oo erayga ka mid ah oo caan ka ah Bulgaria, si kastaba ha ahaatee waa sheegasho aan cilmiyeysnayn oo keliya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Todorova 1997 27&quot; /&gt; Erayga waxaa ay Cusmaaniyiintu u isticmaaleen [[Rumelia]] macnihiisa guud ee buurta, sida ku jirta ''Kod̲j̲a-Balkan'', ''Čatal-Balkan'', iyo ''Ungurus-Balkani̊'', laakiin gaar ahaan waxaa lagu dabaqay buurta Haemus.&lt;ref&gt;Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Editors: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill Online Reference Works.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/balkan-SIM_1152?s.num=309&amp;s.start=300|title=Balkan – Brill Reference|website=Brillonline.com|date=2012-04-24|last1=Inalcık|first1=Halil|archive-date=18 May 2015|access-date=7 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518074444/http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/balkan-SIM_1152?s.num=309&amp;s.start=300|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Magacu weli wuxuu ku sugan yahay [[Central Asia|Aasiyada Dhexe]] oo wata [[Balkan Daglary]] (Buuraha Balkan)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://land.worldcitydb.com/balkhan_mountains_3522246.html |title=Balkan Mountains |work=World Land Features Database |publisher=Land.WorldCityDB.com |access-date=31 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228223148/http://land.worldcitydb.com/balkhan_mountains_3522246.html |archive-date=28 February 2008 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo [[Balkan Region]] ee [[Turkmenistan]]. Safarka Ingiriiska ah [[John Bacon Sawrey Morritt]] ayaa ku soo bandhigay eraygan suugaanta Ingiriiska dhamaadkii qarnigii 18-aad, qoraaya kalena waxay bilaabeen inay magaca ku dabaqaan aagga ballaaran ee u dhexeeya Badda Adriatic iyo Badda Madow. Fikradda &quot;Balkans&quot; waxaa abuuray juqraafiyaha Jarmalka ah [[August Zeune]] sannadkii 1808,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Pavic|first=Silvia|url=http://geography.about.com/library/misc/ucbalkans.htm|title=Some Thoughts About The Balkans|publisher=About, Inc.|date=22 November 2000|access-date=31 March 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228230925/http://geography.about.com/library/misc/ucbalkans.htm|archive-date=28 February 2008|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; kaasoo si khaldan u tixgeliyey nidaamka buuraleyda dhexe ee Yurubta Koon-bari oo ka soo fidaya Badda Adriatic ilaa Badda Madow.&lt;ref name=&quot;Somek15&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Altić11&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;DaskalovMishkova2017&quot;/&gt; Intii lagu jiray 1820-meeyadii, &quot;Balkan wuxuu noqday erayga la door biday inkasta oo aanu weli ahayn mid gaar ah oo ay weheliso Haemus oo ay isticmaali jireen dadka safarka ah ee Ingiriiska... Dadka safarka ah ee Ruushka ee aan culayska ku hayn toponymy-ga qadiimiga ah, Balkan wuxuu ahaa erayga la door biday&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Todorova |first=Maria |title=Imagining the Balkans |url=https://archive.org/details/imaginingbalkans0000todo |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195087512 |page=[https://archive.org/details/imaginingbalkans0000todo/page/24 24]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Buugaagta Yurub ee la daabacay ilaa dhammaadkii 1800-meeyadii waxaa sidoo kale loogu yiqiin Jasiiradda Illyrian ama Illyrische Halbinsel ee Jarmalka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5RhYAAAAcAAJ |title=Illyrische Halbinsel |year=1851}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Isbeddelka macnaha qarniyadii 19-aad iyo 20-aad===
[[File:Cvijic, Jovan - Breisemeister, William A. - Carte ethnographique de la Péninsule balkanique (pd).jpg |thumb|265px|Khariidadda Jasiiradda Balkan ee laga soo bilaabo 1918 oo si weyn ugu saleysan [[Jovan Cvijić]]]]Erayga si caadi ah looma isticmaali jirin suugaanta juqraafiyada illaa badhtamihii qarnigii 19-aad sababtoo ah, markaas horeba, saynisyahano sida [[Carl Ritter]] waxay ka digeen in qaybta koonfureed ee Buuraha Balkan oo keliya loo tixgeliyo inay tahay jasiirad waxayna ku taliyeen in loo bixiyo &quot;Jasiiradda Giriigga&quot;. Juqraafiyeyaasha kale ee caanka ah ee aan ku raacsanayn Zeune waxay ahaayeen [[Hermann Wagner (geographer)|Hermann Wagner]], [[Theobald Fischer]], [[Marion Newbigin]], iyo [[Albrecht Penck]], halka diblomaasiga Austria [[Johann Georg von Hahn]], sannadkii 1869, isla dhulkaas, uu isticmaalay erayga ''Südosteuropäische Halbinsel'' ('Jasiiradda Yurubta Koon-bari'). Sabab kale oo aan si weyn loogu aqbalin sida qeexitaanka [[East Thrace|Turkida Yurub]] ee xilligaas ay ahayd inay lahayd baaxad dhul oo la mid ah.{{clarify|date=April 2025}} Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib [[Congress of Berlin|Shirweynihii Berlin]] (1878) waxaa jirtay baahi siyaasadeed oo loo qabay eray cusub oo tartiib tartiib ah &quot;Balkans&quot; dib loogu soo nooleeyay, laakiin khariirado badan, xudduuda waqooyi waxay ahayd Serbia iyo Montenegro isla markaana Giriiggu ma jirin (waxay muujinaysaa oo keliya qaybaha Yurub ee ay markaas hayssteen Cusmaaniyiintu), halka khariiradaha Yugoslaafiyana ay ku jireen Croatia iyo Bosnia. Xilligaas, ''Jasiiradda Balkan'' sidoo kale waxaa loo fahmay inay tahay mid la macne ah [[Rumelia]] ama ''Turkiga Yurub'', iyo, macnaheeda ugu ballaaran, waxay daboolaysay xudduudaha dhammaan gobollada hore ee Cusmaaniyiinta ee Yurub.&lt;ref name=&quot;DaskalovMishkova2017&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Altić11&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;VezenkovIWM06&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last=Vezenkov |first=Alexander |date=2006 |title=History against Geography: Should We Always Think of the Balkans As Part of Europe? |url=http://www.iwm.at/publications/5-junior-visiting-fellows-conferences/vol-xxi/alexander-vezenkov/ |journal=Junior Visiting Fellows' Conferences |volume=XXI |issue=4 |access-date=5 January 2018 |archive-date=24 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224123749/http://www.iwm.at/publications/5-junior-visiting-fellows-conferences/vol-xxi/alexander-vezenkov/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Isticmaalka eraygu wuxuu isbeddelay dhammaadkii qarnigii 19-aad iyo horraantii qarnigii 20-aad, markii ay qaateen juqraafiyeyaasha Serbia, ugu caansanaa [[Jovan Cvijić]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Somek15&quot;/&gt; Waxaa lagu sameeyay sababayn siyaasadeed oo caddayn u ah [[Serbian nationalism|Waddaniyadda Serbia]] ee dhulka oo dhan ee [[South Slavs|Slawga Koonfureed]], waxaana sidoo kale ku jiray daraasado anthropologi iyo etnologi ah oo ku saabsan Slawga Koonfureed oo lagu sheegtay aragtiyo waddaniyadeed iyo jinsiyeed oo kala duwan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Somek15&quot;/&gt; Siyaasadaha caynkaas ah iyo khariiradaha Yugoslaafiyada erayga waxaa loo sarreeysiiyay heerka casriga ah ee gobol juqraafi ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;Altić11&quot;/&gt; Eraygu wuxuu helay tilmaamo waddaniyadeed siyaasadeed oo ka fog macnihiisa juqraafi ee bilowga ah,&lt;ref name=&quot;DaskalovMishkova2017&quot;/&gt; oo ka soo unkamay isbeddelladii siyaasadeed ee dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19-aad ilaa abuuritaanka [[World War I|Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka]] ka dib [[Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] (bilowgii [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Boqortooyada Serbs, Croats iyo Slovenes]] 1918).&lt;ref name=&quot;Altić11&quot;/&gt; Ka dib [[Breakup of Yugoslavia|kala diristii Yugoslaafiyada]] oo bilaabatay bishii Juun 1991, erayga ''Balkans'' wuxuu helay macne siyaasadeed oo xun, gaar ahaan Croatia iyo Slovenia, iyo sidoo kale adeegsiga caadiga ah ee adduunka oo dhan ee loogu talagalay isku dhacyada dagaalka iyo kala qaybsanaanta dhulka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Somek15&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Altić11&quot;/&gt;

===Yurubta Koon-bari Bari===
{{Main|Southeast Europe}}

Qayb ahaan waxaa sabab u ah macnaha taariikhiga ah iyo kan siyaasadeed ee erayga ''Balkans'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/balkanize|title=Balkanize|publisher=merriam-webster.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; gaar ahaan tan iyo markii ay dhaceen isku dhacyadii militariga ee 1990-meeyadii ee Yugoslaafiyada qaybteeda galbeed, erayga [[Southeast Europe|Yurubta Koon-bari Bari]] wuxuu noqonayaa mid si aad u weyn u caan baxaya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Altić11&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=A history of Eastern Europe |last=Bideleux |first=Robert |author2=Ian Jeffries |year=2007 |publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis |isbn=978-0-415-36627-4 |page=37 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PTB0gn_qwTcC}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hindise ay lahayd [[European Union|Midowga Yurub]] (EU) oo soo baxay 1999 ayaa la yiraahdaa [[Stability Pact for Southeastern Europe|Heshiiska Xasiloonida ee Yurubta Koon-bari Bari]]. Wargeyska internetka ee ''Balkan Times'' ayaa dib loo magacaabay ''[[Southeast European Times]]'' sannadkii 2003.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}

===Hadda===
Luqadaha kale ee Balkans, gobolka ama jasiiradda waxaa loo yaqaanaa:

* Luqadaha Slavic:
** [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] iyo {{langx|mk|Балкански Полуостров}}, oo la isticmaalay alifbeetada laatiinka: ''{{lang|mk|Balkanski Poluostrov}}''
** [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]], [[Montenegrin language|Montenegrin]] iyo {{langx|sr|Balkansko poluostrvo}} / {{lang|sr-cyrl|Балканско полуострво}}
** [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]] iyo {{langx|hr|Balkanski poluotok}}
** {{langx|sl|Balkanski polotok}}
* Luqadaha Romance:
** {{langx|rup|Peninsula Balcanicã}} ama {{lang|rup|Balcani}}
** {{langx|ro|Peninsula Balcanică}} ama {{lang|ro|Balcani}}
** {{langx|it|Penisola balcanica}} ama {{lang|it|Balcani}}
* Luqadaha kale:
** {{langx|sq|Gadishulli Ballkanik}} iyo ''{{lang|sq|Siujdhesa e Ballkanit}}''
** {{langx|el|Βαλκανική χερσόνησος}}, oo la isticmaalay alifbeetada laatiinka: ''{{lang|el|Valkaniki chersonisos}}''
** {{langx|hu|Balkán-félsziget}} ama ''Balkán''
** {{langx|tr|Balkan Yarımadası}} ama ''Balkanlar''
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Soomaaliya</title>
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      <text bytes="176230" sha1="42t152q2tdambgh7iksa4geap99oyc5" xml:space="preserve">'''Soomaaliya''', sida rasmiga ah Jamhuuriyadda '''Federaalka Soomaaliya''' waa dalka bari ee qaaradda Afrika . Waxay ku fidsan tahay Geeska Afrika , waxay xad la wadaagtaa [[Itoobiya]] galbeed, [[Jabuuti]]  waqooyi galbeed, [[Kenya]] dhanka koonfur galbeed, Gacanka Cadmeed oo waqooyi, iyo bari [[badweynta Hindiya]] . Soomaaliya waxay leedahay xeebta ugu dheer badweynta Afrika.  Soomaaliya waxaa lagu qiyaasaa 18.1 milyan,  kuwaas oo 2.7 milyan ay ku nool yihiin caasimadda iyo magaalada ugu weyn ee [[Muqdisho]] . Mid ka mid ah wadamada Afrika ee isku isir ahaan isku hayb ah, ku dhawaad ​​85% dadka Soomaaliya deggan waa qowmiyad Soomaali ah . Luuqadaha rasmiga ah ee dalka waa [[Af Soomaali|af-soomaali]] iyo [[carabi]] in kastoo [[Af Soomaali|af-soomaaligu]] yahay luuqadda koowaad . Soomaaliya waxay xiriir taariikhi ah iyo mid diimeed la leedahay dalalka Carabta .  Dadku waa muslimiin , oo raacsan laanta sunniga .
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Somalia
| common_name            = Somalia
| native_name            = {{native name|so|Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya}}&lt;br /&gt;{{native name|ar|جمهورية الصومال الفيدرالية|italics=off}}&lt;br /&gt;
Jumhūriyah aṣ-Ṣūmāl al-Fīdirāliyah
| image_flag             = Flag of Somalia.svg
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of Somalia.svg
| coa_size               = 100
| languages2_type        = Luuqada labaad
| languages2             = [[Carabi]]
| national_anthem        = {{lang|so|[[Qolobaa Calankeed]]}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;&quot;&gt;[[File:Somalian national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.oga]]&lt;/div&gt;
| image_map              = {{Switcher|[[File:Somalia_svg_map.svg|frameless]]&lt;br /&gt;{{Legend|#336830|Dhulka gacanta lagu hayo}}{{Legend|#61E760|[[Somaliland|Dhul sheegta balse aan la xakameyn]]}}|Muuji adduunka|[[File:Somalia - Location Map (2011) - SOM - UNOCHA.svg|frameless]]|Muuji khariidadda Soomaaliya|default=1}}
| capital                = [[Muqdisho]]
| coordinates            = {{Coord|2|2|N|45|21|E|type:city}}
| largest_city           = [[Muqdisho]]
| official_languages     = {{hlist|[[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]] &lt;ref name=MFA&gt;{{cite web|url=https://web.mfa.gov.so/the-government/|title=The Government|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs &amp; International Cooperation|access-date=27 February 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Ali&gt;{{cite book|last=Ali|first=Maryan|title=The Palgrave Handbook of Language Policies in Africa|editor1-first=Esther Mukewa|editor1-last=Lisanza|editor2-first=Leonard|editor2-last=Muaka|chapter=Language Policy in Somaliland and Somalia|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=Cham|year=2024|isbn=9783031573071|doi=10.1007/978-3-031-57308-8_24|pages=511–524}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;factbook&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Somalia |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/somalia |website=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |language=en |date=10 November 2021 |access-date=24 January 2021 |archive-date=25 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125103534/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/somalia/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| religion               = [[Islaam|Sunni Islaam]] (Rasmiga ah)&lt;ref name=&quot;factbook&quot;/&gt; &lt;!-- check factbook references before changing! --&gt;
| demonym                = [[Soomaalida|Soomaali]]  &lt;ref name=&quot;factbook&quot;/&gt;
| government_type        = [[Baarlamaanka Federaalka Soomaaliya|Jamhuuriyadda baarlamaanka Federal]]
| leader_title1          = [[Madaxwaynaha Soomaaliya|Madaxwaynaha]]
| leader_name1           = [[Xasan Sheekh Maxamuud]]
| leader_title2          = [[Baarlamaanka Federaalka Soomaaliya|Ra'iisul Wasaare]]
| leader_name2           = [[Xamse cabdi barre]]
| legislature            = [[Ra'iisul wasaarayaashii Soomaaliya|Baarlamaanka Federaalka]]
| upper_house            = [[Aqalka Sare ee Baarlamaanka Federaalka Soomaaliya|Guurtida]]
| lower_house            = Golaha Shacabka
| sovereignty_type       =Dhisidda 
| established_event1     = [[Dhul Udug]]
| established_date1      = 2350 BC
| established_event2     = [[Macrobians|Macrobia]]
| established_date2      = 980 BC
| established_event3     = [[Barbaria (region)|Barbaria]]
| established_date3      = 100 BC
| established_event4     = [[Saldanadii Cadal]]
| established_date4      = Qarniga 9aad &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cd0mAQAAMAAJ |title=Peoples of the Horn of Africa: Somali, Afar and Saho |date=1969 |publisher=International African Institute |pages=140 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| established_event5     = [[Muqdisho|Saldanadii Muqdisho]]
| established_date5      = Qarniga 10aad
| established_event6     = [[Saldanadi Ifat]]
| established_date6      = Qarniga 13aad
| established_event7     = [[Saldanadii Ajuuraan]]
| established_date7      = Qarniga 13aad
| established_event8     = [[Hiraab|Hiraab Imamate]]
| established_date8      = Qarniga 16aad
| established_event9     = [[Geledi|Saldanadii Geledi]]
| established_date9      = 1695–1911
| established_event10    = [[ Majeerteen |Saldanadii Majeerteen]]
| established_date10     = 1648–1927
| established_event11    = [[Hobyo|Saldanadii Hobyo]]
| established_date11     = 1878–1927
| established_event12    = [[Isimtooyada Isaaq|Saldanadii isaaq]]
| established_date12     = 1749–1884
| established_event13    = [[Dhulka Biritishka ee Somaliland|Somaliland-kii Ingiriiska]]
| established_date13     = 1884
| established_event14    = [[Mustacmarka Talyaani Soomaaliya|Somaliland-kii Talyaaniga]]
| established_date14     = 1889
| established_event15    = [[Maalinta Madaxbanaanida Soomaaliya|Xorriyadda]] iyo midowga la leh [[Dawladii Somaliland (1960)|Dawlada Somaliland]]
| established_date15     = 1 July 1960
| established_event16    = [[Dastuurka Soomaaliya|Dastuurka hadda jira]]
| established_date16     = 1 Ogosto 2012
| area_km2               = 637,657&lt;ref name=&quot;factbook&quot;/&gt;
| area_rank              = 43aad &lt;!--should be same as listed on [[List of countries and dependencies by area]]--&gt;
| area_sq_mi             = 246,200 &lt;!--Do not remove per [[WP:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]]--&gt;
| percent_water          = 
| population_estimate    = 19,280,850&lt;ref name=&quot;data.humdata.org&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=OCHA Somalia - Subnational Population Statistics |url=https://data.humdata.org/dataset/cod-ps-som}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2025
| population_estimate_rank = 66aad
| population_density_km2 = 27.2&lt;ref name=&quot;WPP_2022&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/MostUsed/|title=United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2022). World Population Prospects|edition=online|publisher=United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division|website=population.un.org|access-date=16 July 2022|archive-date=11 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711213112/https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/MostUsed/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 41.73 &lt;!--Do not remove per [[WP:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]]--&gt;
| population_density_rank = 
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $34.118 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Somalia – IMF DataMapper |url=https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/profile/SOM |website=imf.org |publisher=[[IMF]] |date=April 2026 |access-date=July 8, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2026
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 147aad
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $1,965&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 179aad
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase}} $14.174 bilyan&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2026
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 145aad
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $813&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
| Gini                   = 36.8&lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_year              = 2017
| Gini_change            = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/|title=Gini Index coefficient|publisher=[[The World Factbook]]|access-date=24 September 2024|archive-date=17 Bisha Todobaad 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717071854/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank              = 
| HDI                    = &lt;!--number only--&gt;0.404
| HDI_year               = 2023&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change             = increase &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref name=&quot;UNHDR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 May 2025 |title=Human Development Report 2025 |url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506051232/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf |archive-date=6 May 2025 |access-date=6 May 2025 |publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 192aad
| currency               = [[Shilin Soomaali|Soomaali shillin]]
| currency_code          = SOS
| time_zone              = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset             = +3
| utc_offset_DST         = 
| time_zone_DST          = 
| drives_on              = Sax
| calling_code           = [[+252]]
| cctld                  = [[.so]]
| ethnic_groups          = {{plainlist|
* [[Soomaalida|Soomaali]]: 85%
* [[Tirakoobka daljoogaha Soomaaliya|Kuwa kale ]]: 15%
}}
| ethnic_groups_ref      = &lt;ref name=&quot;factbook&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lewis|first=I. M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k3QwAQAAIAAJ|title=Peoples of the Horn of Africa: Somali, Afar, and Saho|date=1998|publisher=Red Sea Press|isbn=978-1-56902-104-0|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| ethnic_groups_year     = 2021
}}

Waagii hore, Soomaaliya waxay ahayd xarun ganacsi oo muhiim ah. Intii lagu guda jiray qarniyadii dhexe, dhowr boqortooyo oo xoog badan ayaa ka talinayay ganacsiga gobolka, oo ay ku jiraan [[Saldanadii Ajuuraan|Suldaanka Ajuran]] , [[Adal Sultanate]] , iyo Suldaanka Geledi . Dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19-aad, suldaanadii Soomaaliyeed waxa gumaystay boqortooyadii [[Talyaaniga]] iyo [[Ingiriiska]]  kuwaas oo dhammaan dhulalkaas qabyaaladda isugu daray laba gumaysi oo kala ah : Somaliland-kii Talyaaniga iyo [[Dhulka Biritishka ee Somaliland|Somaliland-kii Ingiriiska]] .  1960kii, labada dhul ayaa midoobay si ay u dhistaan ​​Jamhuuriyad Soomaaliyeed oo madax bannaan oo hoos timaada dowlad rayid ah. Siyaad Barre oo ka tirsanaa Golaha Sare ee Kacaanka (SRC) ayaa xukunka la wareegay 1969-kii, wuxuuna aasaasay [[Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Soomaaliya|Jamhuuriyaddii Dimuqraadiga]] ahayd ee Soomaaliya , isagoo isku dayay inuu si naxariis darro ah u burburiyo Dagaalkii Madax-bannaanida [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]] ee waqooyiga dalka. SRC waxay burburtay 1991 markii uu bilaabmay dagaalkii sokeeye ee Soomaaliya .  Dawladdii ku meel gaadhka ahayd ee Soomaaliya (TNG) waxaa la aas aasay 2000, ka dibna waxaa la dhisay dawladda ku meel gaadhka ah ee Soomaaliya (TFG) 2004tii, taasoo dib u soo celisay ciidamadii qalabka sida ee Soomaaliya . 
Dhamaadkii 2006dii, duullaan ay Xabashida Maraykanku dabada ka riixayeen ayaa afgambiyay Maxkamadihii Islaamiga ahaa (ICU), taasoo keentay in ay dawladda ku meel gaadhka ah ee [[Muqdisho]] ka dhisto Muqdisho oo ay ciidammada Itoobiya qabsadeen .  Kacdoonkii xigay ee soo shaac baxay ayaa maxaakiimta u kala jabay jabhado kala duwan, oo ay ku jirto kooxda xagjirka ah ee [[al-Shabaab]] , kuwaas oo dagaal daba dheeraaday kula jiray ciidamada Itoobiya.  Al-Shabaab waxay markiiba bilawday inay xaqiijiso in ay ka talinayso dhuleed markii ugu horaysay, iyadoo dabayaaqadii 2008 ay jabhadu ka saartay ciidamada Itoobiya inta badan Soomaaliya. Sannadkii 2009, dawlad cusub oo TFG ah ayaa la dhisay.  Bartamihii 2012, al-Shabaab waxay lumisay inta badan dhulalkeeda intii ay socdeen dagaalladii ka dhanka ahaa TFG iyo [[ciidamada Midowga Afrika]] .  Isla sanadkaas, al-Shabaab waxay ballan-qaadday inay la midoobayaan al-Qaacida .  Muqaawamada ayaa weli gacanta ku haysa inta badan bartamaha iyo koonfurta Soomaaliya, waxayna saameyn ku leeyihiin meelaha ay dowladdu maamusho,  iyadoo magaalada Jilib ay u tahay caasimadda u ah fallaagada. Dastuur cusub oo ku meel gaar ah ayaa la ansixiyay Agoosto 2012, dib u habeyn lagu sameeyay Soomaaliya sida federaal .  Isla bishaas, waxaa la dhisay Dowladda Federaalka Soomaaliya , waxaana dib u dhis lagu sameeyay Muqdisho.
Soomaaliya waxa ay ka mid tahay dalalka ugu horumarsan caalamka, waxaana daliil u ah sida ay u qiimeeyeen mitirka mitirka sida GDP qofkiiba iyo halka ay ku dhowdahay halka ugu hooseysa ee Tilmaanta Horumarinta Aadanaha , waxa ay ka sareysaa oo kaliya Koonfurta Suudaan . Waxay ilaalisay dhaqaale aan rasmi ahayn oo inta badan ku salaysan xoolaha nool, xawaaladaha Soomaalida ee dibadda ka shaqeeya iyo isgaarsiinta.  Waa xubin ka tirsan Qaramada Midoobay ,  [[Jaamacada Carabta|Jaamacadda Carabta]] , Midowga Afrika ,  Dhaqdhaqaaq aan Isbahaysi ahayn ,  Bulshada Bariga Afrika ,  iyo Ururka [[Islaam|Iskaashiga Islaamka]]

==Asalka erayga==
Samaale, oo ah awoowaha ugu da'da weyn dhowr qabiil oo Soomaaliyeed, ayaa guud ahaan loo tixgeliyaa inuu yahay halka uu ka soo jeedo magaca Soomaali. Aragti kale ayaa ah in magaca loo haysto inuu ka soo jeedo ereyada &quot;soo&quot; iyo &quot;maal&quot;, kuwaas oo marka la isu geeyo macnahoodu yahay &quot;tag&quot; iyo &quot;caano&quot;. Fasiraaddani way kala duwan tahay iyadoo ku xiran gobolka, iyadoo Soomaalida waqooyi ay tilmaamayso inay ula jeedaan &quot;tag iyo caano&quot; oo la xiriira caanaha geela, halka Soomaalida koonfureed ay adeegsadaan tarjumaadda &quot;sa' maal&quot; oo tilmaamaysa caanaha lo'da. Tani waxay tilmaan u tahay xoolo-dhaqatada meel walba leh ee dadka Soomaaliyeed. Aragtiyo kale ayaa soo jeedinaya in ereyga Soomaali uu ka yimid erey Carabi ah oo macnihiisu yahay &quot;hodan&quot;, taas oo mar kale tilmaamaysa hodantinimada Soomaalida ee xoolaha.

Taa beddelkeeda, magaca Soomaaliga waxaa la rumeysan yahay inuu ka yimid Automoli (Asmach), oo ahayd koox dagaalyahanno ah oo ka timid Masar hore, kuwaas oo uu ku tilmaamay Herodotus. Asmach waxaa loo maleynayaa inuu ahaa magacooda Masaariga, halka Automoli uu yahay asal Giriig ah oo ka yimid ereyga Cibraaniga ah ee S'mali (macnaha &quot;dhinaca bidixda&quot;).

Dukumeenti Shiinees ah oo laga soo xigtay qarnigii 9-aad Miilaadiga ayaa tilmaamaya xeebaha waqooyiga Soomaaliya, oo markaas ka mid ahaa gobolka ballaaran ee Waqooyi-bari Afrika ee loo yaqaan Barbaria, iyada oo loola jeedo dadka deggan Barbars (Kuushitik) ee deegaanka, sida Po-pa-li.

Tixraac qoraaleedkii ugu horreeyay ee cad ee magaca Soomaalida wuxuu soo bilaabmay horraantii qarnigii 15-aad Miilaadiga xilligii boqortooyadii Itoobiya ee Isxaaq I, kaas oo mid ka mid ah saraakiisha maxkamaddiisu qoray hees uu ugu dabaaldegayo guushii milatari ee ay ka gaareen Saldanadda Ifat. Simur wuxuu kaloo ahaa magac Harari qadiimi ah oo loogu yeeri jiray dadka Soomaaliyeed.

Soomaalidu waxay si weyn u door bidaan ereyga &quot;Soomaali&quot; marka loo eego &quot;Soomaaliga&quot;, maadaama kan hore uu yahay halqabsi, halka kan dambe uu yahay qaab laba-jibbaaran ah.

Ereyga af-Soomaaliga marka laga eego juqraafi-siyaasadeed ahaan waxaa loola jeedaa dadka Horn of Africa, kuwaas oo ka tirsan qowmiyadda Kuush.

==Taariikhda==
===Taariikhda ka hor===
[[File:Laas Geel single cow.jpg|thumb|Farshaxanka Neolithic ee dhismaha Laas Geel oo muujinaya sac gees-dheer]]
Soomaaliya waxay u badan tahay inay ka mid ahayd dhulkii ugu horreeyay ee ay dageen bini'aadam hore, iyadoo loo eegayo meesha ay ku taal. Ugaarsadayaasha oo hadhow Afrika ka haajiray waxay u badan tahay inay halkan degeen ka hor intaanay guurin. Intii lagu jiray xilligii dhagaxa, dhaqamada Dooyan iyo reer Hargeysa ayaa halkan ku soo barbaaray. Caddaynta ugu da'da weyn ee caadooyinka aaska Geeska Afrika waxay ka timid qabuuraha Soomaaliya ilaa qarnigii 4aad ee BC. Qalabka dhagaxa ah ee laga soo qaaday goobta Jaleelo ee waqooyiga ayaa sidoo kale lagu tilmaamay 1909 inay yihiin farshaxanno muhiim ah oo muujinaya caalimnimada qadiimiga ah inta lagu jiro Paleolithic ee u dhexeeya Bariga iyo Galbeedka. 
Sida laga soo xigtay khubarada afafka, dadkii ugu horreeyay ee ku hadla Afafka ayaa yimid gobolka intii lagu jiray xilligii Neolithic ee xigay oo ka yimid qoyska urheimat ee la soo jeediyay (&quot;Dhulka asalka ah&quot;) ee dooxada Niil , ama Bariga dhow . 
Dhismaha Laas -geel oo ku yaalla duleedka magaalada Hargeysa ee Waqooyi-galbeed Soomaaliya ayaa soo jirtay qiyaastii 5,000 oo sano, waxaana ku yaalla farshaxanno dhagax ah oo muujinaya xayawaanka duur-joogta ah iyo lo'da la qurxiyay.  Sawirro kale oo godad ah ayaa laga helay gobolka Dhambalin ee woqooyiga , kaas oo ka muuqda mid ka mid ah sawirradii ugu horreeyay ee loo yaqaan ugaarsiga fardaha. Farshaxanka dhagaxa waxa uu taariikhdiisu ahayd 1,000 ilaa 3,000 BCE. Intaa waxaa dheer, inta u dhaxaysa magaalooyinka Laas-Khorey iyo Ceel Ayo ee waqooyiga Soomaaliya waxaa ku taal Karinhegane , oo ah goobta lagu sawiray godad fara badan, kuwaas oo wadar ahaan lagu qiyaasay ilaa 2,500 oo sano
Geela waxa la rumaysan yahay in uu ku dhaqmi jiray gobolka Geeska intii u dhaxaysay qarnigii 2aad iyo 3aad ee BC. Halkaa waxa ay ku fiday Masar iyo Maghrib .
===Waagii qadiimiga iyo qadiimiga ahaa===
[[File:Men from Punt Carrying Gifts, Tomb of Rekhmire MET 30.4.152 EGDP013029.jpg|thumb|Rag reer Punt ah oo sita hadiyado, Qabriga Rekhmire .]]
Dhismayaasha Ahraamta qadiimiga ah , Mowlacyo , magaalooyin burburay iyo gidaaryo dhagax ah, sida darbigii Wargade , waxay daliil u yihiin ilbaxnimo hore oo ka hanaqaadi jirtay gayiga Soomaaliyeed. Ilbaxnimadani waxay ku naaloonaysay xidhiidh ganacsi oo ay la lahayd Masar hore iyo Giriiggii Mycenaean tan iyo qarnigii labaad ee BC . Puntites oo u dhashay gobolka waxay ka ganacsan jireen malmalka , xawaashka, dahabka, eboniga, lo'da gees-gaaban, fool-maroodi iyo fooxa oo ay la socdeen Masaarida, Finiisiyaanka, Baabiliyiinta, Hindida, Shiinaha iyo Roomaanka iyaga oo u maraya dekedahooda ganacsi. Duulaan Masri ah oo ay u soo dirtay boqortooyadii 18-aad ee boqorad Hatshepsut ayaa lagu duubay macbudka Deir el-Bahari , xilligii boqortooyadii Boqorka Puntite Parahu iyo Queen Ati. 
Waagii qadiimiga ahaa , Macrobiyaanka , oo laga yaabo in ay awoow u ahaayeen Soomaalida, ayaa aasaasay boqortooyo awood leh oo ka talinaysay qaybo badan oo ka mid ah Soomaaliya casriga ah. Waxaa lagu magacaabi jiray cimrigooda iyo maalkooda, waxaana la sheegay inay ahaayeen kuwa ugu dheer oo ugu quruxda badan ragga oo dhan.  Macrobiyadu waxay ahaayeen dagaalyahanno xoolo-dhaqato ah iyo badmaaxayaal. Sida laga soo xigtay xisaabta Herodotus, Imbaraadoorkii Faaris Cambyses II , markii uu qabsaday Masar 525 BC, wuxuu u diray safiirro Macrobia, isagoo u keenay hadiyado qaali ah boqorka Macrobiya si uu u soo gudbiyo. Hogaamiyihii Macrobiya oo lagu doortay dhererkiisa iyo quruxdiisa, waxa uu taa beddelkeeda kaga jawaabay loolan uu dhiggiisa Beershiya uga dhigay qaanso aan xidhnayn: haddii Faaris ay awoodaan in ay sawiraan, waxa ay xaq u yeelan lahaayeen in ay dalkiisa ku soo duulaan; laakiin ilaa iyo markaas, waa in ay u mahad naqayaa ilaahyada in Macrobians waligood go'aansan in ay ku duulaan boqortooyadooda.  Macrobians-ku waxay ahaayeen awood gobol oo lagu asteeyay qaab-dhismeedkooda horumarsan iyo hantidooda dahabka ah , taas oo aad u badan oo ay maxaabiistooda ku xidheen silsilado dahab ah.
Inta lagu jiro xilliga qadiimiga ah, gobollada Barbara ee Mosylon , Opone , Mundus , Isis , Malao , Avalites , Essina , Nikon iyo Sarapion waxay sameeyeen shabakad ganacsi oo faa'iido leh, oo ku xiran ganacsato ka timid Ptolemaic Masar , Giriiggii hore , Fenisiya , Parthian Persian , Boqortooyadii Roomaanka , Boqortooyada Saban , Nabata . Waxay isticmaali jireen markabkii qadiimiga ahaa ee badda Soomaaliya ee loo yaqaanay beden si ay shixnadooda u daabulaan.
[[File:Beden.jpg|thumb|Beden waa mid dheereeya, oo qadiimi ah markab badeed keligiis ah ama laba-jibbaaran.]]
Ka dib qabsashadii Roomaanku ee Boqortooyadii Nabataean iyo joogitaankii ciidamada badda ee Roomaanka ee Cadan si ay u xakameeyaan budhcad-badeedda, ganacsato Carbeed iyo Soomaali ah waxay ku heshiiyeen Roomaanku in maraakiibta Hindiya laga mamnuuco inay ka ganacsadaan magaalooyinka dekedaha xorta ah ee Jasiiradda Carabta  si loo ilaaliyo danaha ganacsatada Soomaalida iyo Carabta ee ganacsiga faa'iidada badan leh ee u dhexeeya badaha Cas iyo Mediterranean. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ganacsatadii Hindidu waxay sii wadeen ganacsiga magaalooyinka dekedaha ah ee jasiiradda Soomaalida, kuwaas oo ka madax bannaan faragelinta Roomaanka.  Qarniyo badan, ganacsatadii Hindidu waxay Soomaaliya iyo Carabta u keeni jireen tiro badan oo qorfe ah Ceylon iyo Jasiiradaha Spice . Meesha laga helo qorfaha iyo xawaashka kale waxa la sheegaa in ay ahayd sirta ugu fiican ee ay ka heli jireen ganacsatadii Carabta iyo Soomaalida ee ka ganacsan jiray Rome iyo Giriigga; Roomaanka iyo Giriiggu waxay rumaysnaayeen in isha laga soo xigtay ay ahayd jasiiradda Soomaalida. Heshiiskii wada shaqayneed ee dhexmaray ganacsatada Soomaalida iyo Carabta ayaa sicir barar ku keenay qiimaha qorfaha Hindiya iyo Shiinaha ee Waqooyiga Afrika, Bariga dhow iyo Yurub, wuxuuna ganacsiga qorfaha ka dhigay mid dakhli abuur ah oo faa'iido badan leh, gaar ahaan ganacsatada Soomaaliyeed. 
===Dhalashada Islaamka iyo qarniyadii dhexe===
[[File:Silk route.jpg|thumb|Waddada xariirta oo ku fidsan Shiinaha ilaa koonfurta Yurub, Carabta, Soomaaliya, Masar, Faaris, Hindiya, iyo Java]]
Islamka waxa deegaanka soo galiyay horraantii muslimiintii ugu horaysay ee ka soo carartay dacwooyinkii xiijii ugu horaysay iyada oo Masjid al-Qiblatayn ee Saylac laga dhisay ka hor inta aanu Qiblada u socon dhanka Maka . Waa mid ka mid ah masaajidda ugu faca weyn Afrika. Dabayaaqadii qarnigii 9aad, Al-Yaqubi waxa uu qoray in Muslimiintu ay ku noolaayeen hareeraha badda woqooyi ee Soomaaliya. Waxa kale oo uu xusay in Boqortooyada Adal ay caasimad u ahayd magaalada. Sida uu qabo Leo Africanus , Adal Sultanate waxa maamuli jiray boqortooyo Soomaaliyeed oo deegaanka ah , dhulkeeduna waxa uu ka koobnaa dhulka juqraafi ahaan u dhexeeya Bab el Mandeb iyo Gacanka Gardafuu. Sidaas waxaa dhanka koonfureed uga xigay Boqortooyadii Ajuuraan , dhanka galbeedna waxaa ka xigay Boqortooyadii Xabashida . 
Qarniyadii dhexe oo dhan waxa Somaliland yimi dad Carbeed, waayo-aragnimo taariikhi ah oo hadhow horseedi doonta sheekooyinka halyeyga ah ee sheekhyadii Muslimiinta sida Daarood iyo Isxaaq Binu Axmed (oo la sheegay in ay ka soo jeedaan beelaha Daarood iyo Isaaq , siday u kala horreeyaan) iyaga oo ka soo socdaalay Carabta una socdaalay Soomaaliya kuna guursaday qabiilka Dir ee deegaanka . 
Sannadkii 1332-kii, Boqorkii Adal ee Saylac ahaa ayaa lagu dilay olole millatari oo ujeedkiisu ahaa in la hakiyo socodkii ay magaalada ku soo jeedday Amda Seyon 1aad ee Xabashida.  Markii Suldaankii ugu dambeeyay ee Ifat, Sacad Ad-Diin II, lagu dilay Saylac 1410 , caruurtiisii ​​waxay u baxsadeen Yaman, ka hor intaysan ku soo laaban 1415 . II, oo saldhig cusub ka samaystay Yemen ka dib
[[File:Imaam Ahmed Gurey.jpg|thumb|Taalada Axmed ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi , Imaamkii Boqortooyada Adal]]
Xarunteedii Adal ayaa mar kale loo raray qarnigii xigay, markan dhanka koonfureed waxa loo raray Harar . Caasimaddan cusub, Adal waxa uu abaabulay ciidan wax ku ool ah oo uu hoggaaminayo Imaam Axmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi , (Ahmad &quot;Gurey&quot; ama &quot;Gran&quot;; labaduba waxay ka dhigan yihiin &quot;gacanta bidix&quot;) iyo Jeneraalka ugu dhow dhow iyo seedigii Garaad Mataan . Qabiilka Imaam Axmed waxaa la caddeeyey inay ka soo jeedaan Geri Koombe , oo ah jifada Daarood.  Ololahan qarniga 16-aad waxaa taariikh ahaan loo yaqaanaa Gumeysiga Xabashida ( Futuh al-Habash). Intii uu dagaalka socday, Imaam Axmad waxa uu hormood u noqday adeegsiga madfac ay ka heli jirtay Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta, kuwaas oo uu ka soo waariday Saylac oo uu ku soo daad-gureeyey ciidamadii Xabashida iyo xulafadooda Bortuqiisku ee uu hoggaaminayay Cristovão da Gama . 
Xilligii Ajuuraan Saldanada , magaalooyinka iyo jamhuuriyadaha 
Marka , Muqdisho , Baraawa , Hobyo iyo dekedooda waxay lahaayeen ganacsi faa'iido badan oo shisheeye ah oo ay ka heli jireen maraakiib u kala goosha dalalka Carabta, Hindiya, Venetia , Paris, Masar, Portugal iyo ilaa Shiinaha. Vasco da Gama , oo soo maray Muqdisho qarnigii 15-aad, ayaa xusay inay ahayd magaalo weyn oo ay ku yaallaan dhowr dabaq oo dhaadheer iyo daaro waaweyn oo ku yaalla bartamaha magaalada, iyadoo ay u dheer tahay masaajidyo badan oo leh minaarado cylindrical ah.  Harla , oo ah koox hore oo Hamitic ah oo dhererkeedu dheeraa oo degi jiray qaybo ka mid ah Soomaaliya, Tchertcher iyo meelo kale oo Geeska ah, waxay sidoo kale dhiseen tuuli kala duwan .  Dhagarqabayaashan ayaa la rumeysan yahay inay awoow u ahaayeen qowmiyadaha Soomaalida.
[[File:ShenDuGiraffePainting.jpg|thumb|[[Saldanadii Ajuuraan|Ajuran Sultanate]] waxa ay sii waday xidhiidh ganacsi oo ay la lahayd boqortooyadii Ming iyo boqortooyooyinkii kale.]]
Qarnigii 16-aad, Duarte Barboosa waxa uu xusay in maraakiib badan oo ka timid Boqortooyadii Cambaya ee waqtigan casriga ah ee Hindiya ay u shiraacdeen Muqdisho iyagoo wata maryo iyo xawaash, taas beddelkeedana ay heleen dahab, dhux iyo fool maroodi. Barbosa waxa kale oo ay iftiimisay hilibka, sarreenka, shaciga, fardaha iyo khudaarta ee suuqyada xeebaha, kuwaas oo ganacsatadu ka soo saarteen hanti aad u badan.  Muqdisho, oo ah xarunta warshadaha dharka ee kobcaya ee loo yaqaan toob benadir ( oo ku takhasusay suuqyada Masar, iyo meelo kale , oo ay weheliyaan Merca iyo Barawa, waxay sidoo kale u ahayd meel ay ku sii maraan ganacsatada Sawaaxiliga ee Mombasa iyo Malindi iyo ganacsiga dahabka ee Kilwa . Ganacsato Yuhuudi ah oo ka timid Hormuz waxay keeneen dharkoodii Hindida iyo miraha badda Soomaaliya si ay ugu beddelaan hadhuudh iyo alwaax. 
Xiriirka ganacsiga waxaa la aasaasay Malacca qarnigii 15aad,  oo leh maro, ambergris iyo porcelain oo ah badeecadaha ugu muhiimsan ee ganacsiga. Geri, zebras iyo fooxa ayaa loo dhoofin jiray Boqortooyadii Ming ee Shiinaha, taasoo ka dhigtay ganacsatada Soomaalida inay hormuud ka noqdaan ganacsiga u dhexeeya Bariga Aasiya iyo Geeska.  Ganacsato Hinduuga ah oo ka soo jeeda Surat iyo ganacsatada Koonfur-bari Afrikaanka ee Pate , iyagoo doonaya inay ka gudbaan labada go'doominta Boortaqiiska ee Hindiya (iyo markii dambe faragelintii Cumaan), waxay adeegsadeen dekedaha Soomaaliya ee Merca iyo Barawa (kuwaas oo ka baxsan xukunka tooska ah ee labada awoodood) si ay ganacsigooda ugu sameeyaan ammaan iyo faragelin la'aan.

===Waagii hore ee casriga ah iyo u halgamidda Afrika===
[[File:Mogadishu1936.jpg|thumb|magaalada Muqdisho ee xarunta dalka Talyaaniga ayaa waxaa ku yaalla xarunta kaniisada Kathedral-ka ee Catholic-ga iyo taallada weyn ee lagu maamuusayo Boqor Umberto I ee Talyaaniga.]]
Waagii hore ee casriga ahaa , dawladihii bedeli lahaa Adal Sultanate iyo Ajuran Sultanate waxay bilaabeen inay ka koraan Soomaaliya. Waxaa ka mid ahaa Imaamyadii Hiraab , Suldaan Isaaq oo uu hoggaaminayay reer Guuleed , Suldaankii Habr Yuunis oo uu hoggaaminayey reer Caynaanshe ,  Suldaankii Geledi (Boqortooyadii Gobroon), Saldanada Majeerteen (Migiurtinia), iyo Saldanadda Hobyo . Waxay sii wateen dhaqankii qalcado-dhisidda iyo ganacsiga badda mara ee ay aasaaseen boqortooyooyinkii hore ee Soomaaliya.
Suldaan Yusuf Mahamud Ibrahim oo ahaa Suldaankii Sadexaad ee Golaha Deegaanka Gobroon ayaa Bilaabay Taariikhdii dahabiga ahayd ee Boqortooyadii Gobroon. Ciidankiisu waxay guulo ka soo hoyeen Jihaadka Baardheere, kaasoo dib u soo celiyay xasiloonidii Gobolka, dib u soo nooleeyay ganacsigii fool-maroodiga ee Bariga Afrika . Waxa kale oo uu lahaa xidhiidh wanaagsan oo uu hadiyado ka heli jiray saldanada boqortooyooyinka dariska iyo kuwa fog sida Cumaan, Witu iyo salaadiinta Yemen.
Inankii Suldaan Ibraahim Axmed Yuusuf waxa uu ku beddelay mid ka mid ah shakhsiyaadkii ugu muhiimsanaa ee qarnigii 19-aad ee Bariga Afrika, isaga oo ka heli jiray abaal-marinno guddoomiyeyaasha Cumaan, isla markaana abuuray isbahaysi qoysas Muslimiin ah oo muhiim ah oo ku nool xeebaha Bariga Afrika
Somaliland waxa la aas aasay Suldaanka Isaaq 1750. Suldaanka Isaaq waxa uu ahaa boqortooyo Somaliyeed oo ka talinaysay qaybo ka mid ah Geeska Afrika qarniyadii 18aad iyo 19aad. Waxay ku teedsantay dhulka beesha Isaaq , oo ka soo farcamay qabiilka Banu Haashim , ee Somaliland iyo Itoobiya maanta. Suldaanka waxaa maamuli jiray garabka Rer Guuleed oo uu aasaasay suldaankii ugu horeeyay ee beesha Ciidagale Suldaan Guuleed Cabdi .  Sida dhaqanka afka ah lagu sheegay, ka hor reer Guuleed beesha Isaaq waxaa ka talin jiray boqortooyo laanta Toljeclo oo ka soo jeeda reer Axmed oo lagu naanaysi jiray Tol Jeelo, oo ahaa curadkii Sheekh Isxaaq xaaskiisii ​​Harari . Guud ahaan waxa jiray sideed taliye Toljelo ah oo uu ugu horreeyo Boqor Haaruun ( Soomaali : Boqor Haaruun ) oo soo xukumayay Suldaan Isaaq qarniyo laga soo bilaabo qarnigii 13aad.  Garaad Dhux Barar ( Somali : Dhuux Baraar ) waxaa afgambiyay isbahaysigii beelaha Isaaq. Toljeelo oo berigii hore xoog lahaa way kala firxadeen oo waxay gabaad ka dhigteen Habr Awal oo ay ilaa hadda inta badan la nool yihiin.
Dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19-aad, shirkii Berlin ee 1884 ka dib, quwadaha reer Yurub waxay bilaabeen inay u halgamaan Afrika . Sannadkaas, maxmiyad Ingiriis ayaa lagaga dhawaaqay qayb ka mid ah Soomaaliya, oo ku taal xeebta Afrika ee ka soo horjeeda Yementa Koonfureed. Bilowgii, gobolkani wuxuu ku hoos jiray xukunka Xafiiska Hindiya, sidaas darteedna loo maamulay qayb ka mid ah Boqortooyada Hindiya; 1898-kii waxa loo wareejiyay maamulka London. 1889kii, maxmiyaddii iyo gumaysigii Soomaaliya ee Talyaanigu si rasmi ah u aasaasay Talyaanigu iyadoo loo marayo heshiisyo kala duwan oo ay la saxeexdeen madax iyo suldaanno badan;  Suldaan Yuusuf Cali Keenadiid ayaa markii ugu horreysay codsi u diray Talyaaniga dabayaaqadii Diseembar 1888 si uu Suldaannimadiisa Hobyo uga dhigo maxmiyad Talyaani ah ka hor inta uusan markii dambe saxiixin heshiis 1889
[[File:Hobyo Sultanate Cavalry And Fort.jpg|thumb|Fardooley iyo dhufeyskii Hobyo Sultanate]]
Dhaqdhaqaaqa Dervish ayaa si guul leh u celiyay Boqortooyada Ingiriiska afar jeer waxayna ku qasbeen inay dib ugu noqdaan gobolka xeebta. Daraawiishtu waxay jebisay gumaystihii Talyaaniga, Ingiriiska, Xabashida marar badan, gaar ahaan, guushii 1903-dii ee Cagaarweyne ee uu hoggaaminayey Suleymaan Aaden Galaydh ,  waxay ku khasabtay Boqortooyadii Ingriiska inay dib ugu gurtaan gobolka xeebta horraantii 1900aadkii. Dervishes ayaa ugu dambeyntii laga adkaaday 1920-kii xoogga hawada Ingiriiska. 
Bilawgii Faashiistaha horraantii 1920-aadkii waxa ay ku bishaaraysay is-beddelka istiraatijiyadda Talyaanigu, iyadoo suldaannada waqooyi-bari dhawaan lagu khasbi lahaa soohdinta La Grande Somalia (&quot; Soomaali-weyn &quot;) sida uu qorshuhu ahaa Talyaanigii Faashiistaha ahaa. Markii uu yimid Badhasaab Cesare Maria De Vecchi 15-kii December 1923kii, waxa bilaabmay in wax iska beddelaan qayb ka mid ah Somaliland oo loo yaqaanay Italian Somaliland . Dhulkii ugu dambeeyay ee Talyaanigu ka helo Soomaaliya wuxuu ahaa Oltre Giuba , gobolka Jubaland ee maanta , 1925.
[[File:Sayyid Mohammed Abdullah Hassan.jpeg|thumb|Taalada Mohammed Abdullah Hassan , Hogaamiyihii Daraawiishta]]
Talyaanigu wuxuu bilaabay mashruucyo kaabayaasha deegaanka ah, oo ay ku jiraan dhismaha isbitaallo, beero iyo dugsiyo.  Talyaanigii Faashiistaha ahaa , ee Benito Mussolini , wuxuu weeraray Xabashida (Itoobiya) 1935, ujeeddadiisuna ahayd inay gumeysato. Duulaankaas waxaa cambaareeyey Ururka Jimciyadda Quruumaha ka dhaxaysa , balse wax yar lagama qaban sidii loo joojin lahaa ama looga xorayn lahaa gumaysiga Itoobiya. 1936kii, Soomaaliyadii Talyaanigu waxay ku biirtay Bariga Afrika ee Talyaanigu , oo ay weheliso Ereteriya iyo Itoobiya, oo ah Maamul-goboleedka Soomaaliya . 3-dii Agoosto 1940-kii, ciidamadii Talyaanigu oo ay ku jireen cutubyo ka tirsan gumaystaha Soomaaliya, ayaa ka soo tallaabay Itoobiya si ay u soo galaan Somaliland , 14kii Agoosto, waxay ku guuleysteen inay Berbera ka qabsadaan Ingiriiska. 
Ciidan Ingiriis ah oo ay ku jiraan ciidamo ka socda dalal badan oo Afrikaan ah ayaa bishii January 1941kii ka bilaabay Kenya ololihii ay ku xorreeyeen British Somaliland iyo Itoobiya oo Talyaanigu gumaysan jiray, una qabsan lahaa Somaliland Talyaani. Bishii Feebarweri inta badan Somaliland Talyaanigu waa la qabsaday, bishii Maarj, Somaliland-kii Ingiriiska waa lagala wareegay badda. Ciidamadii Boqortooyadii Ingiriiska ee ka hawl-gala Somaliland waxay ka koobnaayeen saddex qaybood oo kala ahaa Koonfur Afrika, Galbeedka Afrika iyo Ciidamada Bariga Afrika. Waxa kaalmaynayay ciidammadii Somaliyeed ee uu hogaaminayay C/laahi Xasan iyadoo ay si wayn uga qayb galeen Somalida beesha Isaaq , Dhulbahante iyo Warsangali . Tirada Soomaalida Talyaanigu waxay bilawday inay hoos u dhacdo ka dib dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka, iyada oo in ka yar 10,000 ay soo hartay 1960.

===Madaxbanaanidii (1960-1969)===
Dagaalkii IIaad ee Adduunka ka dib, Ingiriisku waxa uu sii haystay gacan ku haynta British Somaliland iyo Somaliland Somaliland oo ah maxmiyad. 1945kii, intii lagu jiray shirkii Potsdam , Qaramada Midoobay waxay u oggolaatay Talyaanigu inuu Talyaanigu u dhiibo Talyaani Somaliland inuu noqdo dhul-xakameedka Somaliland , iyadoo shuruud looga dhigay markii ugu horreysay ee ay soo jeediyaan xisbigii SYL iyo ururradii kale ee curdinka ahaa ee siyaasadda Soomaaliya, sida Xizbiya DigilMirifle Soomaali (HDMS) iyo Ururka Qaranka Soomaalida (SNL) — gudaha Soomaaliya ay ku hesho madaxbannaani toban sano gudahood.  British Somaliland waxay ahaan jirtay maxmiyad Ingiriiska ilaa 1960
[[File:Chieftains of the Isaaq clan cropped.jpg|thumb|Madaxdii beesha Isaaq oo Hargeysa lagu sawiray 1958 kii markii Duke &amp; Duchess of Gloucester booqasho ku yimaadeen Somaliland.]]
Ilaa heer uu Talyaanigu dhulkaas ku haysto amarka Qaramada Midoobay, qodobbada ammaanadu waxay siiyeen Soomaalida fursad ay khibrad ugu yeeshaan waxbarashada siyaasadda reer galbeedka iyo is-xukunka. Waxa ay ahaayeen faa’iidooyin aanay lahayn British Somaliland, oo la rabay in lagu daro dawladnimada cusub ee Soomaaliya. In kasta oo 1950-meeyadii saraakiisha gumaystaha Ingiriiska ay isku dayeen, dadaallo horumarineed oo maamul oo kala duwan, si ay uga soo kabtaan dayacaadii hore, maxmiyadku waxa ay fadhiid ku noqotay horumarka maamulka siyaasadda. Farqiga u dhexeeya labada dhul ee horumarinta dhaqaalaha iyo waayo-aragnimada siyaasadeed ayaa hadhow keeni doonta dhibaatooyin culus oo isku dhafan labada qaybood.
[[File:Mogadishu city centre - 1960s.jpg|thumb|1963kii oo ku yaal bartamaha magaalada Muqdisho]]
Dhanka kale, 1948-kii, cadaadis kaga yimid xulafadooda Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka, Soomaalidana ay aad uga xumaadeen,  Ingriisku wuxuu dib u soo celiyay Haud (Dhul daaqsimeed Soomaaliyeed oo muhiim ah oo loo maleynayo inuu ilaalinayay heshiisyadii Ingiriiska uu la galay Soomaalida 1884 iyo 1886) iyo Gobolka Soomaalida ee Itoobiya, taasoo ku saleysan heshiis ay saxiixeen 1897-kii oo ay ka soo horjeedaan Boqortooyadii Itoobiya ee Menelik oo ay suurtagal tahay in Boqortooyadii Itoobiya ay ku beddesho Imbaraadoor. Faransiisku. 
Ingriiska ayaa ku daray shuruud ah in dadka Soomaalida ah ay sii haysanayaan ismaamulkooda, laakiin Itoobiya ayaa isla markiiba sheegatay inay iyadu leedahay madax-bannaanideeda. Taasi waxay keentay in 1956-kii uu Ingiriisku ku guul darraystay inuu dib u iibsado dhulkii Soomaaliyeed ee uu la wareegay.  Ingriisku waxa uu sidoo kale siiyay maamulka ku dhawaad ​​​​Soomaalida ay degto Waqooyiga xudduudaha Waqooyi (NFD) wadaniiyiinta Kenya. Tani waxay ahayd in kasta oo ay raali ka tahay , sida laga soo xigtay guddigii gumaystaha Ingiriiska, ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan qowmiyadaha Soomaalida ee dhulkaas degganaa waxay door bideen inay ku biiraan Jamhuuriyaddii Soomaaliya ee dhawaan la sameeyay. 
Waxa sannadkii 1958- kii ka qabsoontay dalka aynu jaarka nahay ee Jabuuti (oo loo yaqaannay Faransiiska Somaliland ) sannadkii 1958-kii, maalintii ay Soomaaliya xornimada qaadatay sannadkii 1960-kii, si go'aan looga gaadho in lagu biiro Jamhuuriyaddii Soomaaliya iyo in kale iyo inay ka sii mid ahaato Faransiiska. Aftidu waxay u soo baxday in la sii wado xidhiidhka Faransiiska, taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay isku-darka haa ee ay ku codeeyeen qoomiyada Canfarta iyo dadka degan Yurub.  Waxa kale oo jirtay ku shubasho codbixineed oo baahsan, iyada oo Faransiisku uu ka eryay kumannaan Soomaali ah ka hor inta aanay aftidu gaadhin goobaha codbixinta. 
Inta badan dadka 'maya' ku codeeyay waxay ahaayeen Soomaali aad u taageersan inay ku biiraan Soomaaliya oo mid ah, sida uu soo jeediyay Maxamuud Xarbi , Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Golaha Xukuumadda. Xarbi ayaa ku dhintay shil diyaaradeed labo sano kadib.  Djibouti ugu dambayntii waxay xornimada ka qaadatay Faransiiska 1977, iyo Hassan Gouled Aptidoon , oo ahaa Soomaali oo u ololaynayey &quot;haa&quot; codbixintii 1976, aakhirkii wuxuu noqday madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee Jabuuti (1977-1999).
[[File:President Aden Adde alongside Prime minister Sharmarke.jpg|thumb|Madaxweyne Aadan Cadde oo uu weheliyo Ra’iisul Wasaare Cabdirashiid Cali Sharma’arke oo Salaaddii Ciidda 1964-kii ku Tukaday Masjidka Arbaca Rukun]]
26 June 1960 -kii Maxmiyadda Somaliland ee Ingiriiska waxa ay xornimadeeda qaadatay 26 June 1960. 1dii Luulyo 1960kii waxa xornimada qaatay dhulkii la isku halayn lahaa ee Somaliland, labadoodiina waxay ku midoobeen dhismihii Jamhuuriyaddii Soomaaliya , in kasta oo ay ku jireen xuduud ay kala sameeyeen Talyaaniga iyo Ingiriiska. Dawlad ay dhiseen Cabdullaahi Ciise iyo Muxammad Xaaji Ibraahim Cigaal oo ay weheliyaan xubno kale oo ka tirsan dawladihii ammaanada iyo maxmiyad ahaa, iyadoo Cabdulqaadir Muxamed Aadan uu noqday Madaxweynaha Golaha Shacbiga Soomaaliyeed , Aadan Cabdallah Cismaan Daar oo ahaa Madaxweynihii Jamhuriyadda Soomaaliya, Cabdirashiid Cali Sharmaarkena wuxuu noqday Ra'iisul Wasaare (kadibna noqday Madaxweyne 1967 ilaa 1969). 20kii Luulyo 1961kii iyo afti dadweyne oo dadweynihii Soomaaliyeed ay ku ansixiyeen talyaanigu, badi dadkii ka soo jeeday Maxmiyadii hore ee Somaliland ayaan ka qaybgelin aftida, in kasta oo tiro yar oo reer Somaliland ah oo ka qaybqaatay aftida ay ka soo horjeesteen dastuurkii cusbaa , oo markii ugu horreysay la sameeyay 1367kii , Muxammad . Wasiir, xilkaas oo uu u magacaabay Sharmaarke. Cigaal waxa uu mar dambe noqon lahaa Madaxweynaha maamul-goboleedka Somaliland ee waqooyi-galbeed ee Soomaaliya

===Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Soomaaliya (1969-1991)===
===Inqilaab===
15kii Oktoobar, isaga oo madaxweyne Cabdirashiid Cali Sharma'arke socdaal ku marayay magaalada Laascaanood ee ay abaaruhu ku dhufteen, ayaa ilaaladiisa gaarka ahi toogasho ku dileen. Xoghayihii hore ee arrimaha dibadda ee Mareykanka Henry Kissinger ayaa hadalkiisa ku soo gabagabeeyay in ilaaladu uu iskiis u dhaqmayo. Lix maalmood ka dib, 21kii Oktoobar, Jeneraal Siyaad Barre wuxuu hoggaaminayey afgambi militari, wuxuuna ku guuleystay afgambigii dowladdii baarlamaanka. Falanqeeyayaasha siyaasadda casriga ah ayaa sheegaya in afgambiga uu ka dambeeyay musuqmaasuqa ka dhex jira xukuumadda baarlamaanka.  Waardiyihii waxaa maxkamadeeyay, jirdilay oo toogtay Golaha Sare ee Kacaanka (SRC). Waxa ay kasoo jeedaan madaxweynaha uu dilay.
[[File:Mohamed Ainanshe and Kim Il Sung -1970.jpg|thumb|Maxamed Caynaanshe Guuleed oo Waqooyiga Kuuriya kula kulmay Madaxweyne Kim Il Sung 1970kii]]
Dhinaca Barre, SRC oo xukunka la wareegtay dilkii Madaxweyne Sharma’arke ka dib waxaa hoggaaminayay Sarreeye Guuto Maxamed Caynaanshe Guuleed , Gaashaanle Sare Salaad Gabeyre Kediye iyo Taliyaha Booliska Jaamac Korsheel . Kediye waxa uu si rasmi ah u haystay magaca “Aabihii Kacaanka”, wax yar ka dibna Barre waxa uu noqday madaxa SRC. SRC dabadeed waxay u bixisay magaca dalka Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga ee Soomaaliya,  waxay kala dirtay baarlamaanka iyo maxkamadda sare, oo laalay dastuurkii. 
Dawladdii kacaanku waxay dejisay barnaamijyo ballaaran oo hawlaha guud waxayna si guul leh u hirgelisay olole wax-qoris oo magaalo iyo miyi ah , kaasoo gacan ka geystay inuu si weyn u kordhiyo heerka wax-akhris-qoraalka. Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Soomaaliya waxay gaartay heerka wax-akhris 70%, taasoo ka mid ahayd kuwa ugu sarreeya Afrika waagaas.
Marka laga soo tago barnaamijka qarameynta warshadaha iyo dhulka, siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda ee maamulka cusub waxay xoogga saartay xiriirka soo jireenka ah iyo diinta ee Soomaaliya ay la leedahay dunida Carabta , ugu dambeyntii waxay ku biirtay Jaamacadda Carabta bishii Febraayo 1974.  Isla sanadkaas, Barre wuxuu sidoo kale noqday guddoomiyaha Ururka Midowga Afrika (OAU), oo ah hoggaamiyihii ka horreeyay Midowga Afrika (AU). 
Bishii Luulyo 1976-kii, SRC-da Barre ayaa iskeed u kala dirtay, waxayna halkeeda ka dhistay Xisbigii Hantiwadaaga Kacaanka Soomaaliyeed (XDSHSI), dowlad hal xisbi ah oo ku dhisan hantiwadaag cilmiyeed iyo caqiidada Islaamka. SRSP waxa ay ahayd isku day lagu heshiisiinayo fikirka dawladda ee rasmiga ah iyo diinta rasmiga ah ee dawladda iyada oo la waafajinayo xeerarkii Marxist xaaladaha deegaanka. Waxa xoogga la saaray mabaadi’da Muslimka ee horumarka bulshada, sinnaanta iyo caddaaladda, taas oo ay dawladdu ku doodday in ay aasaas u tahay udub-dhexaadka hantiwadaagga cilmiyeed iyo lahjad u gaar ah oo ku aaddan isku filnaansho, ka qayb-qaadashada dadweynaha iyo xakamaynta dadweynaha, iyo sidoo kale lahaanshaha tooska ah ee habka wax-soo-saarka. Iyadoo SRSP ay dhiirigelisay maalgashiga gaarka ah ee xad xaddidan, jihada guud ee maamulku waxay ahayd mid shuuci ah . 
Bishii Luulyo 1977, dagaalkii Ogaadeeniya wuxuu qarxay ka dib markii dawladdii Barre adeegsatay codsi ku saabsan midnimada qaranka si ay u caddeyso ku darista gardarrada ah ee gobolka Ogaadeeniya ee ay Soomaalida u badan tahay ee Itoobiya oo lagu daray Soomaali- weyn oo dhan , oo ay weheliso dhul-beereedyo hodan ah oo ku yaal koonfurta-bari ee Itoobiya, kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha, iyo meelaha istiraatiijiga ah ee woqooyiga ilaa Jabuuti.  Todobaadkii ugu horeeyey ee colaada ayaa xoogag hubaysan oo Soomaali ahi qabsadeen koonfurta iyo badhtamaha Ogadenia, dagaalka intiisa badana waxay ciidanka Soomaalidu guulo isdaba joog ah ka gaadheen ciidanka gumaysiga Itoobiya waxayna daba socdeen ilaa Sidamo . Bishii Sebtembar 1977kii, Soomaaliya waxay gacanta ku dhigtay 90% dhulka Ogaadeeniya waxayna qabsatay magaalooyin istiraatiiji ah sida Jijiga waxayna cadaadis xoog leh saartay Diridhaba , waxayna halis geliyeen wadadii tareenka ee magaalada dambe ee Jabuuti. Go’doomintii Harar ka dib, waxaa u soo gurmaday taliskii Shuuciga ahaa ee Dergiga Itoobiya faragelin baaxad leh oo aan hore loo arag oo ka kooban 20,000 oo ciidamada Kuuba ah iyo dhowr kun oo khubaro ah oo Soofiyeedka ah . Sannadkii 1978-kii, ciidamadii Soomaalida ayaa laga saaray Ogadenya. Isbeddelka taageerada ee Midowgii Soofiyeeti ayaa ku kallifay dowladdii Barre inay xulafo ka raadsato meelo kale. Aakhirkii waxa ay ku degtay dagaalkii qaboobaa ee Soofiyeedka oo ay xafiiltamaan, Maraykanka , kaas oo in muddo ah ku haminayey dawladdii Soomaaliya. Saaxiibtinimada ugu horreysay ee Soomaaliya ay la yeelato Midowgii Soofiyeeti iyo iskaashigii dambe ee ay la yeelatay Mareykanka ayaa u sahashay in ay dhisto ciidanka ugu badan ee Afrika. 
[[File:Muhammad Siad Barre - 40866X9X9.jpg|thumb|Sareeye Gaas Maxamed Siyaad Barre , Guddoomiyaha Golaha Sare ee Kacaanka , oo la kulmay Madaxweynaha Romania Nicolae Ceauşescu]]
Dastuur cusub ayaa la soo saaray 1979kii kaas oo lagu qabtay doorashada Golaha Shacabka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Xisbigii Hantiwadaaga Kacaanka Soomaaliyeed ee Barre ayaa sii waday xukunka. Bishii Oktoobar 1980, SRSP waa la kala diray, Golaha Sare ee Kacaanka ayaa dib loo dhisay booskiisii.  Waqtigaas, dawladdii Barre waxay noqotay mid aan la jeclayn. Soomaali badan ayaa ka niyad jabay nolosha ay ku hoos nool yihiin kalitalis ciidan.
Waxaa sii wiiqmay taliskii 1980-meeyadii markii dagaalkii qaboobaa uu soo dhawaaday, waxaana hoos u dhacay muhiimaddii istiraatijiyadeed ee Soomaaliya. Dawladdu waxay noqotay mid sii xoogaysata , waxaana dalka oo dhan ka curtay dhaqdhaqaaqyo iska caabin ah oo ay dhiirigelisay Itoobiya, taasoo keentay in Soomaaliya dagaal sokeeye ka dhacdo . Kooxahan malayshiyaadka ah waxaa ka mid ahaa Jabhadda Dimuqraadiga Badbaadada Soomaaliyeed (SSDF), Golaha Soomaaliyeed ee Midowga (USC), Dhaqdhaqaaqa Waddaniga Soomaaliyeed (SNM) iyo Dhaqdhaqaaqa Waddaniga Soomaaliyeed (SPM) oo ay weheliyaan Mucaarad aan Rabshado lahayn oo ka kala tirsan Dhaqdhaqaaqa Dimuqraadiga Soomaaliyeed (SDM), Isbahaysiga Dimuqraadiga Soomaaliyeed (SDA) iyo Kooxda Kooxda Manifeestada Soomaaliyeed (SMG).

===Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya===
[[File:Somali Civil War (Google Live Map).svg|thumb|Qiyaasta khariidadda marxaladda hadda ee Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya (La cusbooneysiiyay Luulyo 2025)]]
Markii ay si aayar aayar aayar aayar ah u yaraatay hankii iyo akhlaaqdii dowladdii Barre, ayaa dad badan oo Soomaaliyeed ay ka niyad jabeen nolosha xukunkii militariga. Bartamihii 1980-aadkii, dhaqdhaqaaqyo iska caabin ah oo uu taageerayey maamulkii Dergiga ee shuuciga ahaa ee Itoobiya ayaa ka curtay dalka oo dhan. Barre ayaa ku jawaabay in uu amar ku bixiyay in tallaabo laga qaado dadka uu u arko in ay deegaan ahaan taageersan yihiin jabhadda, gaar ahaan gobollada Waqooyi. Xakamayntaas waxaa ka mid ahaa in la duqeeyo magaalooyinka, oo ay ku taal xarunta maamulka waqooyi-galbeed ee Hargeysa , oo ah xaruntii SNM , oo ka mid ahayd goobihii la beegsaday 1988. 
Xakamaynta ay bilawday dawladdii Barre waxay gaadhsiisay in ka badan qaraxyadii hore ee woqooyiga si ay u koobto gobollo kala duwan oo dalka ah. Soo saariddan xeeladaha gardarada ah ee looga dan leeyahay in lagu caburiyo dadka ka soo jeeda iyo in lagu sii hayo awoodda dadweynaha waxay astaan ​​u ahayd tallaabooyinka caburinta ah ee dowladdu ay ka waddo Koonfurta. Mid ka mid ah dhacdooyinka ugu caansan ayaa dhacay 1991-kii, markii taliskii Barre bilaabay weerar cirka ah oo sababay dhimashada dad badan oo aan waxba galabsan magaalada Beledweyn , oo ku taal koonfurta Soomaaliya.  Arxan-darrada iyo baaxadda falkan waxashnimada ah waxa ay iftiimisay heerka ay dawladdu u diyaar-garowday in ay meesha ka saarto nooc kasta oo mucaarad ah ama wax iska caabin ah, iyada oo ay muujinayso in aan tix-gelin badheedh ah u lahayn xuquuqda aadamaha iyo qiimaha nolosha bani’aadamka.
Mid kale oo xusid mudan siyaasaddii caburinta Barre ayaa ka dhacday magaalada Baydhabo oo lagu naaneeso ‘Magaalada dhimashada’ taasoo ay ugu wacan tahay dhacdooyinkii murugada lahaa ee ka dhacay halkaasi xilliyadii abaarta iyo dagaalada sokeeye .  Boqolaal kun oo qof ayaa naftooda ku waayey istiraatijiyad dawladeed oo gaar ahaan loogu talagalay bulshada Raxanweyn ee deggan deegaannadaas. 
1990kii, magaalada caasimadda ah ee Muqdisho, dadka deggan waxaa laga mamnuucay inay meel fagaare ah isugu yimaadaan kooxo ka badan saddex ama afar. Shidaal yaraan, sicir-bararka, iyo qiima dhaca lacagta ayaa saameeyay dhaqaalaha. Suuq madoow oo aad u wanaagsan ayaa ka jiray bartamaha magaalada iyadoo bangiyada ay la kulmeen gabaabsi lacagta gudaha ah ee lagu sarifto. Waxaa la soo saaray sharciyo lagu xakameynayo sarifka lacagaha qalaad si looga hortago dhoofinta lacagaha qalaad. Inkastoo aan la saarin xayiraad dhanka socdaalka ah oo lagu soo rogay ajaanibta, sawir qaadista goobo badan ayaa la mamnuucay. Xilliyada maalinlaha ah ee magaalada Muqdisho, muuqaalka ciidan kasta oo dowladda ayaa ahaa mid naadir ah. Hawlgallada habeenkii dambe ee ay sameeyeen mas'uuliyiinta dowladda, ayaa waxaa ka mid ahaa &quot;la'aanta&quot; shaqsiyaadka guryahooda. 
1991kii, maamulkii Barre waxaa xukunka ka tuuray isbahaysi mucaarad ku ah qabiil, oo ay taageerayeen taliskii Itoobiya ee Dergiga iyo Liibiya .  Ka dib shir ay yeesheen Dhaqdhaqaaqa Waddaniga Somaliyeed iyo odayaasha beelaha waqooyi, qaybtii waqooyi ee Ingiriisku ka talin jiray dalka waxay ku dhawaaqday in ay gooni isu taagtay jamhuuriyadda Somaliland May 1991. In kasta oo ay madax bannaani tahay oo xasiloon tahay marka loo eego koonfurta qalalaasaha ah, haddana dawlad shisheeye ma aqoonsan.
[[File:Mogadishu.jpg|thumb|Dagaaladii sokeeye ka hor, Muqdisho waxaa loo yaqaannay &quot;Luul cad oo badweynta Hindiya]]
In badan oo ka mid ah kooxaha mucaaradka ayaa markii dambe bilaabay inay u tartamaan sidii ay saamayn ugu yeelan lahaayeen awood la'aanta ka dib markii la riday taliskii Barre. Koonfurta, waxaa isku dhacay kooxo hubaysan oo ay kala hogaaminayaan taliyayaasha USC General Maxamed Faarax Ceydiid iyo Cali Mahdi Maxamed , gaar ahaan, iyadoo mid walba uu doonayo inuu awood ku yeesho caasimadda.  1991kii, shir caalami ah oo wajiyo badan lahaa ayaa lagu qabtay dalka aynu jaarka nahay ee Jabuuti. Iyadoo loo eegayo sharcinimada uu Muxammad ku siiyey shirkii Jabuuti, ayaa beesha caalamku u aqoonsatay inuu yahay madaxweynaha cusub ee Soomaaliya. Ma uu awoodin in uu awoodiisa ku dhaqmo meelo ka baxsan caasimadda. Awoodda ayaa taas beddelkeeda lagu heshiiyey hoggaamiye kooxeedyadii kale ee koonfurta Soomaaliya iyo maamul-goboleedyo ka madax bannaan waqooyiga.  Shirkii Jibouti waxaa ku xigay laba heshiis oo aan la iska dhicin oo dib-u-heshiisiin qaran iyo hub ka dhigis, oo ay saxeexeen 15 daneeyayaal siyaasadeed: heshiis in la qabto shir aan rasmi ahayn oo diyaarinta dib-u-heshiisiinta qaranka, iyo heshiiskii Addis Ababa 1993 ee lagu sameeyay shirkii dib u heshiisiinta qaranka. 
Horraantii 1990-meeyadii, la'aanta daba-dheeraatay ee la'aanta maamul dhexe oo joogto ah, Soomaaliya waxay billowday inay ku sifowdo &quot; Qaran guuldarreystay .
===Hay'adaha ku meel gaarka ah===
[[File:Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed (28-03-2006).jpg|thumb|C/llaahi Yuusuf Axmed , Madaxweynaha Dowladda KMG ah ee Soomaaliya]]
Dawladda Ku-Meel-Gaarka ah (TNG) waxaa la aas aasay bilihii April-May 2000 shirkii Nabadda Qaranka Soomaaliyeed (SNPC) ee lagu qabtay Carta, Jabuuti. Cabdiqaasim Salaad Xasan ayaa loo doortay in uu noqdo Madaxweynaha dowladda KMG ah ee cusub ee qaranka, maamul ku meel gaar ah oo loo sameeyay in uu Soomaaliya ku hago dowlad Jamhuuriyad rasmi ah oo saddexaad.  Dhibaatooyinka gudaha ee TNG ayaa keenay in la bedelo Ra'iisul Wasaaraha afar jeer saddex sano gudahood, iyo hay'adda maamulka ayaa sheegay inay kacday December 2003. Waqtigeediina isku mar wuu dhamaaday.
10kii Oktoobar 2004tii, sharci-dajiyayaashu waxay u doorteen Cabdullaahi Yuusuf Axmed inuu noqdo Madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee Dawladda Federaalka Ku Meel Gaarka ah (TFG), oo beddelaya Dawladdii Ku Meel Gaarka ahayd.  DFKMG waxay ahayd maamulkii labaad ee ku meel gaadhka ahaa ee hiigsanayay in dib loo soo celiyo hay’adihii qaranka ee Soomaaliya kadib burburkii taliskii Siyaad Barre 1991 iyo dagaaladii sokeeye ee xigay. 
DFKMG waxay ahayd dowladda Soomaaliya oo caalamku aqoonsan yahay ilaa 20kii Agoosto 2012, markaas oo ay si rasmi ah u dhammaatay waqtigeedii. 
Waxaa loo asaasay mid ka mid ah Hay'adaha Federaalka Ku Meel Gaarka ah (TFIs) ee dowladda sida lagu qeexay Axdiga Federaalka Ku Meel Gaarka ah (TFC) ee uu ansixiyay Baarlamaanka Federaalka Ku Meel Gaarka ah (TFP) bishii Nofembar 2004.  Dowladda Federaalka Ku Meel Gaarka ah waxay si rasmi ah uga koobneyd waaxda fulinta ee dowladda, iyadoo TFP ay tahay waaxda sharci dejinta.  Xukuumadda ayaa waxaa madax ka ahaa Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya, iyadoo golaha wasiirradu ay warbixin ka siiyeen Ra’iisul Wasaaraha.  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa sidoo kale loo adeegsaday erey guud si loo tixraaco dhammaan saddexda laan si wadajir ah.
===Midowga Maxkamadaha Islaamiga===
[[File:Icu somalia map.png|thumb|Khariidad muujinaysa ICU marka ugu sarraysa saamaynteeda]]
Sanadkii 2006, Midowga Maxkamadaha Islaamiga ah (ICU) waxay la wareegeen gacan ku haynta inta badan koonfurta dalka muddo 6 bilood ah waxayna soo rogeen ku dhaqanka shareecada Islaamka . Mas’uuliyiinta ugu sareysa Qaramada Midoobay ayaa ku tilmaamay muddadan kooban in ay tahay xilli dahab ah oo ku jira taariikhda siyaasadda Soomaaliya.
===Dowladda Kumeeel Gaarka ah===
Dowladda Federaalka Ku Meel Gaarka ah waxay isku dayday inay dib u soo ceshato awoodeeda, iyadoo kaashanaysa ciidamada Itoobiya , ciidamada nabad ilaalinta Midowga Afrika iyo taageerada hawada ee Mareykanka, waxay ka saartay maxaakiimta oo ay xoojisay xukunkeeda. January 8, 2007, Madaxweynaha DFKMG, Cabdullaahi Yuusuf Axmed ayaa markii ugu horeysay soo galay Muqdisho isagoo taageero ka helaya ciidamada Itoobiya tan iyo markii xilka loo doortay. Dawladdu waxay markaas u guurtay xarunta Villa Soomaaliya ee caasimadda oo ay si ku meel gaar ah uga ahayd Baydhabo . Tani waxay noqonaysaa markii ugu horeysay tan iyo burburkii taliskii Siyaad Barre sanadkii 1991-kii oo ay dowladda Federaalka gacanta ku hayso inta badan dalka.

===Falaagada Al-Shabaab===
Al-Shabaab ayaa ka soo horjeestay joogitaanka ciidamada Itoobiya ee Soomaaliya, waxaana ay sii wadeen dagaallada ka dhanka ah dowladda KMG ah. Intii u dhaxaysay 2007 iyo 2008, Al-Shabaab waxay dhalisay guulo ciidan, iyagoo la wareegay gacan ku haynta magaalooyin iyo dekedo muhiim ah oo ku yaal bartamaha iyo koonfurta Soomaaliya. Bishii Janaayo 2009, Al-Shabaab iyo maleeshiyaadkii kale waxay ku qasbeen ciidamada Itoobiya inay dib u gurtaan, iyagoo ka tagay ciidan aan qalabeyn oo nabad ilaalin ah oo Midowga Afrika ah si ay u caawiyaan ciidamada dowladda KMG ah. 
Dhaqaale la’aan iyo dhaqaale la’aan, cunaqabatayn dhanka hubka ah oo adkeyd in dib loo yagleelo ciidan qaran oo suga amniga, iyo danayn la’aanta guud ee beesha caalamka, Yuusuf waxa uu ku qasbanaaday in kumannaan ciidamo ah oo Puntland ka socda la geeyo Muqdisho si ay u sii joogteeyaan dagaalka ka dhanka ah kooxaha nabad-diidka ah ee ku sugan Koonfurta dalka. Taageerada maaliyadeed ee dadaalkan waxaa bixisay dawladda ismaamulka. Taasi waxay keentay in dakhli yar oo soo galo ciidamada ammaanka Puntland iyo shaqaalaha rayidka ah, taasoo ka dhigtay dhul u nugul burcad-badeedda iyo weerarrada argagixisada. 
29-kii December 2008, Yuusuf wuxuu kaga dhawaaqay baarlamaanka ku midoobay Baydhabo inuu iska casilayo xilka madaxweynaha Soomaaliya. Khudbadiisa oo laga sii daayay Idaacadda Qaranka, ayuu Yuusuf ku sheegay inuu ka xun yahay inuu ku guul-darreystay inuu soo afjaro colaaddii dalka ka jirtay toddoba iyo tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, sidii dowladdiisa loo igmaday. Wuxuu kaloo ku eedeeyay beesha caalamka inay ka gaabiyeen taageerada dowladda, wuxuuna sheegay in guddoomiyaha baarlamaanka uu xilka ku wareejin doono sida uu qabo Axdiga KMG ah
===Dhamaadka xilliga ku meel gaarka===
Intii u dhaxaysay 31 May iyo 9 June 2008, wakiilo ka socday dawladda federaalka ah ee Soomaaliya iyo Isbahaysiga Dib u xoraynta Soomaaliya (ARS) ayaa ka qayb galay wada-hadallo nabadeed oo Jabuuti ka dhacay oo uu garwadeen ka ahaa ergeygii hore ee Qaramada Midoobay u qaabilsanaa Soomaaliya, Ahmedou Ould-Abdallah . Shirka ayaa ku soo idlaaday heshiis la kala saxiixday oo dhigaya in ciidamada Itoobiya laga saaro dalka si loo joojiyo iska hor imaadyada hubeysan. Baarlamaanka ayaa ka dib la balaariyay oo la gaarsiiyay 550 kursi si ay u helaan xubnaha ARS, oo markaas madaxweyne u doortay Sheekh Shariif Sheekh Axmed .Iyadoo gacan ka heleysa koox yar oo ka tirsan ciidamada Midowga Afrika, dowladda KMG ayaa biloowday weerar rogaal celis ah bishii Febraayo 2009 si ay si buuxda ula wareegto maamulka qeybta koonfureed ee dalka. DFKMG si ay xukunkeeda u xoojiso waxay isbahaysi la samaysatay Midowga Maxaakiimta Islaamiga ah, Xubnihii kale ee Isbaheysiga Dib u xoreynta Soomaaliya iyo Ahlu Sunna Waljamaaca oo ah Maleeshiyo Suufi ah oo qunyar socod ah .  Intaa waxaa dheer, Al-Shabaab iyo Xisbul Islaam, oo ah labada kooxood ee Islaamiyiinta ah ee mucaaradka ah, waxay bilaabeen inay dhexdooda dagaallamaan bartamihii 2009kii.  Xabbad ahaan, bishii Maarso 2009, dawladda ku meel gaarka ah waxay ku dhawaaqday inay dib u dhaqan gelinayso Shareecada oo ah nidaamka garsoorka rasmiga ah ee qaranka.  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, colaaddu waxay ka sii socotay koonfurta iyo badhtamaha dalka. Muddo bilo gudahood ah, dawladda ku meel gaarka ah waxay ka baxday in ay gacanta ku dhigto ilaa 70% koonfurta iyo badhtamaha Soomaaliya aagagga iskahorimaadyada, oo ay 80% dhulka lagu muransan yahay ku lumisay xoogaga Islaamiyiinta ah. 
Bishii Oktoobar 2011, hawlgal qorsheysan, Hawlgalka Linda Nchi oo u dhexeeya militariga Soomaaliya iyo Kenya iyo ciidamada caalamiga ah ayaa ka billowday Al-Shabaab ee koonfurta Soomaaliya. Bishii Sebtembar 2012, ciidamada Soomaaliya, Kenya, iyo Raaskaambooni waxay ku guulaysteen inay qabsadaan Al-Shabaab xaruntii ugu dambaysay ee ugu weynayd, dekedda koonfurta ee Kismaayo. Bishii Luulyo 2012, saddex hawlgal oo Midowga Yurub ayaa la bilaabay si ay ula macaamilaan Soomaaliya: EUTM Somalia , Hawlgalka Ciidamada Badda ee Midowga Yurub ee Soomaaliya Atalanta off the Horn of Africa, iyo EUCAP Nestor.
[[File:Parlament of Somalia 2012-2016.svg|thumb|Dhismaha Baarlamaanka Federaalka Soomaaliya]]
Iyada oo qayb ka ah &quot;Khariidadda Waddada Dhammaadka Ku meel gaarka&quot; ee rasmiga ah, oo ah geeddi socod siyaasadeed oo siinaya jaan-gooyo cad-cad oo horseedaya samaynta hay'ado dimoqraadi ah oo joogto ah oo Soomaaliya ah, xilliga ku-meel-gaarka ah ee Dowladda Federaalka Ku-meel-gaarka ah ayaa dhammaaday 20kii Agoosto 2012

===Dowladda Federaalka===
Dowladda Federaalka ah ee Soomaaliya , oo ah dowladdii dhexe ee ugu horreysay oo joogto ah oo dalka yeelato tan iyo markii ay bilowdeen dagaallada sokeeye, ayaa la aas aasay Agoosto 2012. Bishii Agoosto 2014-kii, howlgalka Badweynta Hindiya ee ay hormuudka ka tahay dowladda Soomaaliya ayaa la bilaabay ka hortagga jeebabka kooxaha nabad-diidka ah ee ku sugan baadiyaha
===2021-2023 abaar===
Abaarta Soomaaliya ee 2021-2023 ayaa ahayd abaartii ugu darneyd ee Soomaaliya soo marta muddo 40 sano ah, waxaana ay saameysay 7.8 milyan oo qof.
=== Qalalaasihii dastuuriga ee 2024 ===
30-kii Maarso 2024, isbeddello dastuuri ah oo taxane ah oo ay ansixisay [[Dowlada Federaalka Soomaaliya]] ayaa sababay khilaafyo lala galay qaar ka mid ah dowlad-goboleedyada federaalka, taas oo dhalisay xiisad siyaasadeed. Saddex ka mid ah lixda dowlad-goboleed ayaa ka laabtay aqoonsigii ay siinayeen awoodda dowladda federaalka, waxaana dagaallo maxalli ah oo [[Jubaland|Jubbaland]] iyo [[Koonfur Galbeed|Dowlad Goboleedka Koonfur Galbeed Soomaaliya|Koonfur Galbeed Soomaaliya]] ka dhacay.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Review |first=Horn |title=Analysis of Somalia's constitution crisis |url=https://hornreview.org/2026/04/21/analysis-of-somalias-constitution-crisis/ |access-date=2026-06-09 |website=HORN REVIEW |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Al Jazeera |title=Somali army takes over key city in Southwest as state leader resigns |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/3/31/somali-army-takes-over-key-city-in-southwest-as-state-leader-resigns |access-date=2026-06-09 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Juqraafiga==
Soomaaliya waxa ay xad la wadaagtaa Jabuuti dhanka waqooyi-galbeed, galbeedna Itoobiya , waqooyiga Gacanka Cadmeed , badda Soomaaliya iyo kanaalka Guardafui oo bari ah, iyo Koonfur-galbeed Kenya . Baaxadda dhuleedku waa 637,657 kiiloo mitir laba jibaaran, dhulka Soomaaliya wuxuu ka kooban yahay badiyaa taagga , bannaanka iyo buuraha .  Xeebteedu waxay dhererkeedu ka badan tahay 3,333 kiiloomitir, waana tan ugu dheer dhul weynaha Afrika. Waxaa lagu tilmaamay inay tahay mid si qiyaas ah u qaabaysan &quot;sida lambar foorarsan oo toddoba ah&quot;. Waqooyiga fog, safafka bari-galbeed ee buuraleyda Oogo waxay ku yaalaan masaafo kala duwan oo u jirta xeebta Gacanka Cadmeed. Xaalado kulul ayaa jira sanadka oo dhan, oo ay la socdaan dabaylaha monsoon iyo roobab aan joogto ahayn.  Geology waxay soo jeedinaysaa joogitaanka kaydka macdanta qiimaha leh. Soomaaliya waxaa Seychelles ka go'ay badda Soomaaliya, waxaana ka go'ay Socotra oo lagu magacaabo Guardafui Channel
===Qaybaha maamulka===
Soomaaliya waxay si rasmi ah u qaybsantaa siddeed iyo toban gobol ( sara , gobol keli ah ), oo iyana loo qaybiyo degmooyin. 
[[File:Somalia States and Regions.svg|thumb|Maabka gobollada Soomaaliya]]
Waqooyiga Soomaaliya hadda waa goorma ? Waxay u kala qaybsameen maamul-goboleedka Puntland ( oo isku haysta maamul-goboleedka ), Somaliland ( maamul-goboleed iskeed ugu dhawaaqday balse aan la aqoonsan ) iyo Maamulka Khaatumo ee Soomaaliya oo dhawaan la dhisay . Bartamaha Soomaaliya, Galmudug waa maamul-goboleed kale oo ka soo baxay koonfurta Puntland. Jubaland oo ku taal koonfurta fog waa ismaamulka afaraad ee federaalka.Sannadkii 2014-kii, ayaa sidoo kale la dhisay maamul-goboleedka cusub ee Koonfur-galbeed . Bishii Abriil 2015, waxaa sidoo kale la daah furay shirweyne lagu dhisayo dowlad goboleedka cusub ee Hirshabeelle .
Baarlamaanka Federaalka waxaa loo xilsaaray 2012-kii in uu soo xulo tirada ugu dambeysa iyo xuduudaha dowlad goboleedyada is-maamul goboleedyada (sida rasmiga ah ee xubnaha ka ah Federaalka ) ee Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya.

===Goobta===
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 | footer = Muuqaallo laga qaaday [[Geeska Afrika|Jasiiradda Soomaalida]] oo laga soo qaaday Dayax gacmeedka ''Columbia'' sannadkii 1993 (kor) iyo Saldhigga Hawada Caalamiga ah sannadkii 2020 (hoose)
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Soomaaliya waxay xuduud la leedahay [[Kenya]] dhanka koonfur-galbeed, [[Gacanka Cadmeed]] dhanka waqooyi, [[Marinka Gardafuul|Marinka Gardafuu]] iyo Badweynta Hindiya dhanka bari, iyo [[Itoobiya]] dhanka galbeed. Dalka wuxuu sidoo kale xuduud la leeyahay [[Jabuuti]]. Waxay ku taallaa inta u dhexeysa loolalka 2°S iyo 12°N, iyo dhigaha 41° iyo 52°E. Iyada oo si istaraatiiji ah ugu taalla afka laga galo Bab el Mandeb ee u dhexeeya [[Bada Cas]] iyo [[Kanaalka Suweys|Kanaalka Suweys]], dalku wuxuu ku yaallaa cirifka gobol u eg khariidadda [[Wiyil|geeska wiyisha]], taas oo inta badan loogu yeero [[Geeska Afrika]].&lt;ref name=&quot;factbook&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hadden&quot;&gt;Hadden, Robert Lee. 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090327102547/http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA464006 &quot;The Geology of Somalia: A Selected Bibliography of Somalian Geology, Geography and Earth Science&quot;]. Engineer Research and Development Laboratories, Topographic Engineering Center&lt;/ref&gt;

===Biyaha===
Soomaaliya waxay leedahay xeebta ugu dheer badweynta Afrika, oo leh boodh badeed dhererkeedu yahay 3,333 kiiloomitir (2,071 mi). Dhulkeedu waxa uu ka kooban yahay badiyaa taagga , bannaanka iyo dhulka sare . Qaranku wuxuu leeyahay bedka guud ee 637,657 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (246,201 sq mi) kaas oo ka kooban dhul, oo leh 10,320 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (3,980 sq mi) oo biyo ah. Soohdimaha dhulka ee Soomaaliya ayaa gaaraya ilaa 2,340 kiiloomitir (1,450 mi); 58 kiiloomitir (36 mi) ka mid ah waxaa la wadaaga Jabuuti, 682 kiiloomitir (424 mi) Kenya, iyo 1,626 kiiloomitir (1,010 mi) Itoobiya. Sheegashadeeda badda waxaa ka mid ah dhul-badeed dhan 200 nautical miles (370 km; 230 mi).
Soomaaliya waxaa xeebaheeda ku yaal jasiirado iyo jaziirado dhowr ah oo ay ku jiraan Jaziiradaha Bajuuni iyo Jaziiradaha Sacad-Diin : eeg jasiiradaha Soomaaliya .
[[File:Juba river downstream Jamaame.jpg|thumb|Webiga Jubba]]
===Degaan===
Soomaaliya waxay ka kooban tahay todobo dhuleed oo kala ah: Xabashida montane kaymaha , Waqooyiga Zanzibar–Inhambane mosaic kaynta xeebta , Somali Acacia–Commiphora bushlands iyo kayn , dhul daaqsimeed Xabashi ah iyo dhir dhireed , dhul daaqsimeed hobyo iyo geedo yaryar , Somali montane xeric woodlands , iyo mangroves Bariga Afrika 
Dhanka waqooyi, bannaan saxare-meel-mareen ah oo xoqan, oo loo yaqaan Guban ayaa barbar-socda Gacanka Cadmeed . Iyada oo ballaciisu yahay laba iyo toban kiiloomitir galbeedka ilaa in yar oo laba kiiloomitir ah oo bari ah, bannaanka waxaa u kala qaybiya maro-biyoodyo asal ahaan ah sariiro ciid qallalan marka laga reebo xilliyada roobaadka. Marka roobabku da'aan, Guban's duurka hooseeya iyo cawska cawska ayaa isu beddela dhir cagaaran. Xariggaan xeebeedku waa qayb ka mid ah dhul- daaqsimeedkii Xabashida iyo dhir-dhireedka .
Cal Madow waa silsilad buuraley ah oo ku taal waqooyi bari ee dalka. Waxay ku dherersan tahay dhowr kiilo mitir dhanka galbeed ee magaalada Boosaaso ilaa waqooyi-galbeed ee Ceerigaabo , waxay ku taal meesha ugu sarreysa Soomaaliya , Shimbiris , oo ku fadhida meel sare ah ilaa 2,416 mitir (7,927 ft).  Silsilada bari-galbeed ee buuraleyda Karkaar waxay sidoo kale ku yaalliin gudaha gudaha Gacanka Cadmeed. Gobollada dhexe, silsiladaha buuraha waqooyi ee dalka waxay u baneeyaan dhul-badeed-gacmeedyo iyo marin-biyoodyo qallalan oo deegaan ahaan loogu yeero Oogo . Dhulka galbeedka ee Oogo, ayaa isna si tartiib tartiib ah ugu biira Haud , oo ah aag muhiim u ah daaqa xoolaha. 
Soomaaliya waxay leedahay laba webi oo kala ah Jubba iyo Shabeele oo labaduba ka bilaabma buuraleyda Itoobiya . Wabiyadan ayaa inta badan u socda dhanka koofureed, iyadoo webiga Jubba uu ka galo badweynta Hindiya ee magaalada Kismaayo . Wabiga Shabeelle ayaa mar sida muuqata gali jiray badda u dhow magaalada Marka , balse hadda waxa uu gaaray meel dhanka Koonfur-galbeed ka xigta magaalada Muqdisho. Intaa ka dib, waxa ay ka kooban tahay dhiiqo iyo meelo qallalan ka hor inta aan aakhirka lagu waayin dhulka saxaraha ah ee bariga Jilib , una dhow webiga Jubba.
===Deegaanka===
[[File:Somcoralreef.jpg|thumb|Xeebaha Soomaaliya , jardiinooyinka deegaanka iyo meelaha la ilaaliyo]]
Soomaaliya waa dal oomane ah oo leh qiyaastii 1.6% dhul beereed . Ururada deegaanka ee ugu horeeya waxay ahaayeen Ecoterra Soomaaliya iyo Bulshada Deegaanka Soomaali, labaduba waxay gacan ka geysteen kor u qaadista wacyiga ku saabsan walaaca deegaanka iyo abaabulida barnaamijyada deegaanka ee dhammaan qaybaha dawladda iyo sidoo kale bulshada rayidka ah. Laga soo bilaabo 1971-kii, olole ballaaran oo dhir beeris ah oo heer qaran ah ayaa dowladdii Siyaad Barre bilowday si ay u joojiso horu-marintii kumannaanka hektar ee dunta bacaadka ah ee ay dabeyshu kaxeyso oo halis ku ah inay qariso magaalooyinka, waddooyinka iyo dhul beereed. Sannadkii 1988-kii, 265 hektar oo ah 336 hektar oo la saadaaliyay ayaa la daweeyay, iyadoo 39 goobood oo kayd ah iyo 36 goobood oo kaymo ah la aasaasay. 1986, Xarunta Badbaadinta Duurjoogta, Cilmi-baarista iyo Kormeerka waxaa aasaasay Ecoterra International, iyada oo ujeedadu tahay in lagu wacyigeliyo dadweynaha arrimaha deegaanka. Dadaalkaas waxbarasho waxa uu horseeday 1989 kii waxa loogu yeero &quot;soo jeedinta Soomaaliya&quot; iyo go'aan ay dowladda Soomaaliya ku gaartay in ay raacdo Axdiga ganacsiga caalamiga ah ee dabar-goynta xayawaanka duurjoogta iyo dhirta (CITES), kaas oo markii ugu horreysay aasaasay adduunka oo dhan mamnuucidda ka ganacsiga Maroodiga Maroodiga .
[[File:Aerial views of Kismayo 06 (8071381265).jpg|thumb|Xeebta koofureed ee Muqdisho]]
Ka dib, Faadumo Jibrell , oo ah dhaqdhaqaaqe caan ah oo Soomaaliyeed oo u dhaqdhaqaaqa deegaanka, ayaa qaaday olole guul leh oo lagu ilaalinayo kaymaha geedaha qudhaca ah ee koray ee waqooyi-bari ee Soomaaliya.  Geedahan, oo noolaan kara 500 oo sano, ayaa la jari jiray si looga sameeyo dhuxusha oo aad looga doonayay Jasiiradda Carabta, halkaas oo qabaa'ilka Baadiyaha ee gobolka ay aaminsan yihiin in qudhacdu ay tahay mid muqadas ah.  Inaad noqoto shidaal aan qaali ahayn, soo saarista dhuxusha waxay inta badan keentaa xaalufka iyo xaalufka . Si wax looga qabto dhibaatadan, Jibrell iyo Horn of Africa Relief and Development Organisation (Horn Relief; hadda Adeso ), oo ah hay'ad ay aasaasaha iyo agaasimaha fulinta ka ahayd, waxay tababareen koox dhalinyaro ah si ay bulshada uga wacyigeliyaan waxyeelada joogtada ah ee soo saarista dhuxusha ay abuuri karto. 1999kii, Horn Relief waxay isku dubariday socod nabadeed waqooyi-bari Puntland ee Soomaaliya si loo soo afjaro waxa loogu yeero &quot;dagaallada dhuxusha&quot;. Natiijadii ololaha Jibrell iyo dadaalkii waxbarashada, dawladda Puntland 2000 waxay mamnuucday dhoofinta dhuxusha. Dowladda ayaa sidoo kale tan iyo markii ay dhaqan galisay mamnuucidaasi, taasoo la sheegay inay keentay in 80% hoos u dhac ku yimaado dhoofinta badeecada.  Jibrell waxaa lagu abaalmariyay Abaalmarinta Deegaanka Goldman ee 2002 dadaalkeeda ka dhanka ah xaalufka deegaanka iyo xaalufka.  Sannadkii 2008, waxay sidoo kale ku guulaysatay Abaalmarinta Mu'asasada Qaranka ee Juqraafiga / Buffett ee Hoggaanka Ilaalinta.
Ka dib tsunamigii weynaa ee Diisambar 2004 , waxaa sidoo kale soo baxay eedeymo sheegaya in ka dib markii uu qarxay dagaalkii sokeeye ee Soomaaliya dabayaaqadii 1980-meeyadii, in xeebta dheer ee Soomaaliya ee fog fog loo isticmaalay goob qashin ah oo lagu aaso qashinka sunta ah. Mowjadaha waaweyn ee ku dhuftay waqooyiga Soomaaliya kadib tsunamigii ayaa la rumeysan yahay inay kiciyeen tan oo ah haraadiga sunta nukliyeerka ah oo laga yaabo inay si sharci darro ah dalka ugu daadiyeen shirkado shisheeye. 
Xisbiga Cagaaran ee Yurub waxa uu daba socday cadaymahaas isagoo horgeeyay saxaafadda iyo baarlamaanka Yurub ee Strasbourg nuqulo qandaraasyo ah oo ay kala saxiixdeen laba shirkadood oo reer Yurub ah - Shirkadda Swiss Swiss, Achair Partners, iyo dilaaliinta qashinka Talyaaniga Progresso - iyo wakiillo ka socday Madaxweynihii hore ee Soomaaliya, Hogaamiye kooxeed Cali Mahdi Maxamed, si ay u qaataan 10 milyan oo tan oo qashinka sunta ah oo ay ku bedesheen 80 milyan oo gini. 
Sida lagu sheegay warbixin ay soo saartay hay’adda Qaramada Midoobay u qaabilsan deegaanka (UNEP), qashinka ayaa sababay in uu aad uga sarreeyo xaaladaha caadiga ah ee caabuqyada neef-mareenka, boogaha afka iyo dhiig-baxa, dhiigbaxa caloosha iyo caabuqa maqaarka oo aan caadi ahayn oo ku dhacay dad badan oo deggan deegaannada ku teedsan waqooyi-bari ee magaalooyinka Hobyo iyo Banaadir ee xeebta Badweynta Hindiya - cudurro la socda xanuunka shucaaca. UNEP waxay intaas ku dartay in xaaladda xeebaha Soomaaliya ay khatar deegaan oo aad u daran aysan ka jirin Soomaaliya oo keliya, balse sidoo kale gobolka bariga Afrika.

===Cimilada===
[[File:Koppen-Geiger Map v2 SOM 1991–2020.svg|thumb|Köppen–Geiger map-ka kala soocida cimilada ee 1-km xallinta Soomaaliya 1991-2020]]
Sababo la xiriira u dhawaanshaha Soomaaliya ee dhulbaraha , ma jiro isbeddel xilliyeed badan oo cimiladeeda ah. Xaalado kulul ayaa sanadka oo dhan jira oo ay la socdaan dabaylaha monsoon iyo roobab aan joogto ahayn. Celceliska heerkulka ugu sarreeya ee maalin kasta wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 30 ilaa 40 ° C (86 ilaa 104 °F), marka laga reebo meelaha sare ee xeebta bari, halkaasoo laga dareemi karo saamaynta qabow ee hadda taagan. Muqdisho, tusaale ahaan, celceliska heerka galabnimada wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 28 ilaa 32 °C (82 ilaa 90 °F) bisha Abriil. Qaar ka mid ah heerkulka celceliska sannadlaha ah ee ugu sarreeya adduunka ayaa laga diiwaan geliyay waddanka; Berbera oo ku taal xeebta waqooyi-galbeed waxay leedahay galab sare oo celcelis ahaan ka badan 38 °C (100 °F) laga bilaabo Juun ilaa Sebtembar. Qaran ahaan, celceliska celceliska maalinlaha ahi badanaa way kala duwan yihiin qiyaastii 15 ilaa 30 ° C (59 ilaa 86 ° F). Kala duwanaanshaha ugu badan ee cimiladu waxay ka dhacdaa waqooyiga Soomaaliya, halkaas oo heerkulku mararka qaarkood dhaafo 45 ° C (113 ° F) bisha Luulyo ee bannaanka litoral oo hoos uga dhaco barta qabowga bisha Disembar ee buuraha sare. Gobolkan, qoyaanka qaraabada ahi wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 40% badhtamaha galabnimada ilaa 85% habeenkii, isbeddelaya waxoogaa marka loo eego xilliga. Si ka duwan cimilada dalalka kale ee ugu badan ee loolkan, xaaladaha Soomaaliya waxay u dhexeeyaan oomane waqooyi-bari iyo gobollada dhexe ilaa waqooyi -galbeed iyo koonfurta. Waqooyi-bari, roobka sannadlaha ahi wuxuu ka yar yahay 100 mm (4 in); Taagga dhexe, waa qiyaastii 200 ilaa 300 mm (8 ilaa 12 inji). Qaybaha waqooyi-galbeed iyo koonfur-galbeed ee qaranka, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay helaan roobab aad u badan, iyadoo celcelis ahaan 510 ilaa 610 mm (20 ilaa 24 in) ay dhacaan sannadkii. Inkasta oo gobollada xeebuhu ay kulul yihiin oo qoyan yihiin sannadka oo dhan, dhul-badeedku caadi ahaan waa qalalan oo kulul. 
Waxa jira afar xilli oo nolosha xoolo-dhaqatada iyo beeralayda ah ku wareegsan yihiin, kuwaasna waxa lagu maamulaa isbeddellada dabaysha. Laga bilaabo Disembar ilaa Maarso waa Jiilaalka , xilliga xagaaga ee ugu adag sanadka. Xilli-roobaadka ugu muhiimsan, oo loo yaqaan Gu'ga , wuxuu socdaa Abriil ilaa Juunyo. Xilligan waxaa lagu gartaa dabeylaha koonfur-galbeed, kuwaas oo dib u soo nooleeya dhul-daaqsimeedka, gaar ahaan dhul-daaqsimeedka dhexe, oo muddo kooban saxaraha u beddela dhir cagaaran. Laga bilaabo Luulyo ilaa Sebtembar waa xilliga labaad ee qalalan, Xagaa (waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa &quot;Xagaa&quot;). Dayr , oo ah xilli-roobaadka ugu gaaban, wuxuu socdaa Oktoobar ilaa Disembar.  Xilliyada tangambili ee dhexgala labada dabaylaha (Oktoobar-Noofambar iyo Maarso-May) waa kulayl iyo qoyaan. 
===Duurjoogta===
[[File:Sambalaxx.jpg|thumb|Geela buuraha waqooyi]]
Soomaaliya waxaa ku nool naasley kala duwan, taas oo ay sabab u tahay kala duwanaanshaha cimilada iyo deegaanka. Duurjoogta dalka waxaa ka mid ah haramcadka, libaaxa, geriga, baboonka, servalka, maroodiga, doofaarka duurjoogta ah, cawska, kudu, dik-dik, oribi, dabada duurjoogta Soomaalida, reedbuck, zebra, maroodi-shrew iyo dhagax-dhagax.

Soomaaliya waxay hoy u tahay ilaa 727 nooc oo shimbiro ah. Siddeed ka mid ah waa noocyo ku faafa dalka, mid waxaa keenay aadanaha, midna waa dhif ama si kama' ah u yimaada. Afar iyo toban nooc ayaa caalamka khatar ku ah. Noocyada shimbiraha ee si gaar ah looga helo Soomaaliya waxaa ka mid ah xamaamka Soomaalida; Alaemon hamertoni (Alaudidae), Hoopoe-Lark; Heteromirafra archeri (Alaudidae), Archer's Lark; Mirafra ashi (Alaudidae), Ash's Bushlark; Mirafra somalica (Alaudidae), Somali Bushlark; Spizocorys obbiensis (Alaudidae), Obbia Lark; Carduelis johannis (Fringillidae); iyo Warsangli Linenet.

Xeebaha Soomaaliya ayaa ka mid ah goobaha ugu muhiimsan ee kalluumeysiga noocyada badda ee aad u guura, sida tuna. Qalfoofka qaaradda ee cidhiidhiga ah balse wax-soo-saarka leh wuxuu ka kooban yahay noocyo badan oo kalluun-demersal ah iyo qolofley. Noocyada kalluunka si gaar ah looga helo Soomaaliya waxaa ka mid ah Cirrhitichthys randalli (Cirrhitidae), Symphurus fuscus (Cynoglossidae), Parapercis simulata (Pinguipedidae), Cociella somaliensis (Platycephalidae), iyo Pseudochromis melanotus (Pseudochromidae).

Waxaa jira qiyaastii 235 nooc oo xamaarato ah. Ku dhowaad kala bar waxay ku nool yihiin aagga waqooyi. Xamaaratada ku baahsan Soomaaliya waxaa ka mid ah Viper-ka Hughes, Maska Garter-ka Koonfurta Soomaaliya, orodyahan (Platyceps messanai), mas diadem (Spalerosophis josephscorteccii), ciidda Soomaaliyeed, qorraxda gooryaanka xaglaha leh, qorraxda aagagga dhabarka leh, qorraxda ciidda Soomaaliyeed (Mesalina ama Eremias), gecko (Hemidactylus granchii), gecko-ga Soomaaliyeed ee semaphore, iyo qorratada ciidda.

Mas colubrid (Aprosdoketophis andreonei) iyo maqaarka Haacke-Greer (Haackgreerius miopus) waa noocyo si gaar ah ugu kooban Soomaaliya.

==Siyaasadda iyo dawladnimada==
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| image1            = Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud at Djiboutian presidential palace in Djibouti, Djibouti, September 24, 2023 - (cropped).jpg
| caption1          = [[Xasan Sheekh Maxamuud]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;[[Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya|Madaxweyne]] tan iyo 2022&lt;/small&gt;
| image2            = Hamza Abdi Barre 2025 official portrait.jpg
| caption2          = [[Xamse cabdi barre]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Ra'iisul Wasaare tan iyo 2022&lt;/small&gt;
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jamhuuriyad dimuqraadi ah oo wakiil ka ah baarlamaanka . Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya ayaa ah madaxa qaranka iyo taliyaha guud ee ciidamada qalabka sida ee Soomaaliya , waxaana uu soo xulaa Ra’iisul wasaare si uu u noqdo madaxa xukuumadda .
Baarlamaanka Federaalka Soomaaliya waa baarlamaanka qaranka Soomaaliya. Labada Aqal ee Sharci-dejinta Qaranka waxa ay ka kooban yihiin Golaha Shacabka (Aqalka Hoose) iyo Senatka (Aqalka Sare), kuwaas oo xubnahooda loo doortay in ay qabtaan muddo afar sano ah. Baarlamaanka ayaa dooranaya Madaxweynaha, Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka iyo ku xigeenadiisa. Waxa kale oo ay awood u leedahay in ay ansixiso oo diido sharciyada.
[[File:Adan Mohamed Nuur.jpg|thumb|[[Aaden Nuur|Aadan Madoobe]], [[Liiska Afhayeenada Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya|Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka]]]]
Garsoorka Soomaaliya waxaa qeexaya Dastuurka kumeel gaarka ah ee Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya. Waxaa 1-dii Agoosto 2012 ku ansixiyay Golaha Dastuurka Qaranka ee Muqdisho,  dukumeentiga waxaa dejiyay guddi khubaro ah oo uu guddoomiye u yahay qareenka iyo Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka Federaalka, Maxamed Cismaan Jawaari .  Waxay bixisaa aasaaska sharciga ah ee jiritaanka Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka iyo isha awood sharci. 
Qaab dhismeedka maxkamadaha qaranka waxaa loo habeeyay saddex heer: Maxkamada Dastuuriga ah, Maxkamadaha heer Federaal iyo maxkamado heer dowlad goboleed . Golaha Adeegga Garsoorka oo ka kooban sagaal xubnood ayaa magacaabaya xubin kasta oo heer Federaal ah oo ka tirsan garsoorka. Waxa kale oo ay soo xulaysaa oo ay horgeynaysaa golaha shacabka ee baarlamaanka federaalka ah garsoorayaasha maxkamadda dastuuriga ah si ay u ansixiyaan. Haddii la ansixiyo, Madaxweynuhu wuxuu musharraxa u magacaabayaa garsoore Maxkamadda Dastuuriga ah. Maxkamadda Dastuuriga ah oo ka kooban shan xubnood ayaa ka garnaqsa arrimaha dastuurka, marka laga soo tago arrimo kala duwan oo heer federaal iyo heer maamul goboleed ah. 
Sharciga Soomaalidu waxa uu ka soo jeedaa saddex hab oo isku dhafan oo kala ah: Sharciga Madaniga ah , Shareecada Islaamka iyo Xeer-dhaqameedka . 
Marka loo eego 2023 V-Dem Democracy tilmaanta Soomaaliya waa dalka 5-aad ee ugu dimuqraadiga yar Afrika . Burburkii Soomaaliya ka dib 1991 ma jirin wax xidhiidh ah ama xidhiidh dhex maray dawladda Somaliland oo ku dhawaaqday in ay dal tahay iyo dawladda Soomaaliya
===Qaybaha maamulka===
{{Main|Gobolada Soomaaliya|Maamulgoboleedka Soomaaliya}}
​Soomaaliya si rasmi ah waxay u qaybsantaa toddoba [[Maamulgoboleedka Soomaaliya|dawlad goboleed]] iyo siddeed iyo toban [[Gobolada Soomaaliya|gobol]] (''gobollada'', kaligeed waa ''gobol''),&lt;ref name=&quot;factbook&quot;/&gt; kuwaas oo iyana u sii qaybsama degmooyin. Gobolladu waa:
{|
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:Somalia States and Regions.svg|thumb|center|upright=1.3|Gobollada Soomaaliya oo leh dowlad-goboleedyo midabbo leh]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:1em; padding-left:2em; vertical-align:top;&quot;|
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;{{flag icon|Somaliland}}{{color box|#72FE6E}}'''[[Somaliland]]'''&lt;/div&gt;
----
&amp;nbsp;[[Awdal]]{{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Maroodi Jeex|Woqooyi Galbeed]] {{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Togdheer]] {{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Sanaag]] {{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Sool]]*{{pb}}
|style=&quot;padding-right:1em; vertical-align:top;&quot;|
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;{{flag icon|Khatumo}}'''{{color box|#6CCAFE}} [[Waqooyibari|Waqooyi Bari]]'''&lt;/div&gt;
----
&amp;nbsp;[[Togdheer]] {{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Sanaag]] {{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Sool]] {{pb}}
|style=&quot;padding-right:1em; vertical-align:top;&quot;|
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;{{flag icon|Puntland}}'''{{color box|#AEA9FE}} [[Puntland]]'''&lt;/div&gt;
----
&amp;nbsp;[[Bari (Gobol)|Bari]]{{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Nugaal|Nugaal]]{{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Mudug]] {{pb}}
|style=&quot;padding-right:1em; vertical-align:top;&quot;|
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;{{flag icon|Galmudug}}'''{{color box|#DFA9FE}} [[Galmudug]]'''&lt;/div&gt;
----
&amp;nbsp;[[Galguduud]]{{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Mudug]] {{pb}}

|-
|style=&quot;padding-right:1em; padding-left:2em; vertical-align:top;&quot;|
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;'''{{flag icon|Hirshabeelle}}{{color box|#FE3A46}} [[Hirshabeelle]]'''&lt;/div&gt;
----
&amp;nbsp;[[Hiiraan|Hiiraan]]{{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Shabeellaha Dhexe|Shabeellaha Dhexe]]{{pb}}

|style=&quot;padding-right:1em; vertical-align:top;&quot;|
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;{{flag icon|South West State of Somalia}}'''{{color box|#FE9C5A}} [[Koonfur Galbeed|Koonfur Galbeed]]'''&lt;/div&gt;
----
&amp;nbsp;[[Bakool]]{{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Baay|Baay]]{{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Shabeellaha Hoose|Shabeellaha Hoose]]{{pb}}
|style=&quot;padding-right:1em; vertical-align:top;&quot;|
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;{{flag icon|Jubaland}}'''{{color box|#FEBB5A}} [[Jubaland]]'''&lt;/div&gt;
----
&amp;nbsp;[[Gedo]]{{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Jubbada Dhexe|Jubbada Dhexe]]{{pb}}
&amp;nbsp;[[Jubbada Hoose|Jubbada Hoose]]{{pb}}
|style=&quot;padding-right:1em; vertical-align:top;&quot;|
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;{{flagicon image|Flag of Mogadishu, Somalia.svg}}'''{{color box|#F5F601}} [[Banaadir]]'''&lt;/div&gt;
----
&amp;nbsp;[[Muqdisho|Muqdisho]]{{pb}}

|}

&lt;small&gt; * Lagu muransan yahay&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt; ** Waxaa Somaliland u kala saartay [[Maroodi Jeex]] iyo [[Saaxil|Saaxil]]&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt; *** Waxaa wadaaga Puntland iyo Galmudug&lt;/small&gt;

** Waxay Somaliland u qaybisay [[Maroodi Jeex]] iyo [[Saaxil|Saaxil]]&lt;/small&gt;
​&lt;small&gt; *** Waxaa wadaaga Puntland iyo Galmudug&lt;/small&gt;
​Waqooyiga Soomaaliya hadda ''de facto'' waxay u qaybsan tahay [[Maamulgoboleedka Soomaaliya|gobollada ismaamulka]] ee [[Puntland]] (oo isu tixgelisa dawlad goboleed ismaamul ah), [[Somaliland]] (dawlad iskeed ugu dhawaaqday madax-bannaani, aqoonsi xaddidan leh) iyo [[Waqooyibari|Dawlad Goboleedka Woqooyi Bari ee Soomaaliya]] oo dhowaan la aasaasay. Bartamaha Soomaaliya, [[Galmudug]] waa maamul goboleed kale oo ka soo baxay koonfurta Puntland. [[Jubaland]] oo ku taal koonfurta fog waa gobolka afaraad ee ismaamul ee ka tirsan federaalka.&lt;ref name=&quot;factbook&quot;/&gt; Sannadkii 2014-kii, waxaa sidoo kale la aasaasay [[Koonfur Galbeed|Dawlad Goboleedka Koonfur Galbeed]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=International community welcomes newly-elected President of Somalia's Interim South West Administration|url=http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=6410|access-date=5 January 2015|newspaper=Goobjoog|date=19 November 2014|archive-date=9 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109002414/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=6410|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Abriil 2015, waxaa sidoo kale la furay shirka dhismaha ee dawlad goboleedka cusub ee [[Hirshabeelle |Hirshabeelle]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Adado conference kicks off in central Somalia|url=http://www.garoweonline.com/page/show/post/2322/adado-conference-kicks-off-in-central-somalia|access-date=15 May 2015|agency=Garowe Online|date=16 April 2015|archive-date=11 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150811104021/http://www.garoweonline.com/page/show/post/2322/adado-conference-kicks-off-in-central-somalia|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​[[Baarlamaanka Federaalka Soomaaliya|Baarlamaanka Federaalka]] waxaa loo xilsaaray sannadkii 2012-kii inay soo xulaan tirada kama dambaysta ah iyo xuduudaha dawlad goboleedyada ismaamulka (si rasmi ah ''[[Maamulgoboleedka Soomaaliya|Dawlad Goboleedyada xubnaha ka ah Federaalka]]'') ee ka tirsan Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Frspc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Guidebook to the Somali Draft Provisional Constitution|url=http://unpos.unmissions.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=v067edqd7a8%3D&amp;tabid=9705&amp;language=en-US|access-date=2 August 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120021547/http://unpos.unmissions.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=v067edqd7a8%3D&amp;tabid=9705&amp;language=en-US|archive-date=20 January 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Xiriirka dibadda===
[[File:2015 01 25 Turkish President Visit to Somalia-1 (16176887607).jpg|thumb|Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya Xasan Sheekh Maxamuud iyo Madaxweynaha Turkiga Recep Tayyip Erdogan ayaa xariga ka jaray Terminalka cusub ee Garoonka Diyaaradaha Aadan Cabdulle ee magaalada Muqdisho. (25 Janaayo 2015)]]
Xiriirka dibadda ee Soomaaliya waxaa maamula madaxweynaha sida madaxa dowladda, Ra’iisul wasaaraha oo ah madaxa xukuumadda, iyo wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda ee federaalka . 
Sida ku cad qodobka 54-aad ee dastuurka qaranka, qeybsiga awoodaha iyo kheyraadka ee dowladda federaalka iyo dowlad goboleedyada xubnaha ka ah dowladda federaalka Soomaaliya waa in ay ka wadahadlaan oo ay ku heshiiyaan dowladda federaalka iyo dowlad goboleedyada, marka laga reebo arrimaha la xiriira arrimaha dibadda, difaaca qaranka, jinsiyadda iyo socdaalka iyo siyaasadda lacagta. Qodobka 53-aad ayaa sidoo kale dhigaya in Dowladda Federaalka ay kala tashato Dowladaha xubnaha ka ah Dowladda Federaalka arrimaha waaweyn ee la xiriira heshiisyada caalamiga ah oo ay ku jiraan wada-xaajoodka ganacsiga dibadda, maaliyadda iyo heshiisyada. Dowladda Federaalka waxay xiriir laba geesood ah la leedahay dhowr dowladood oo dhexe oo ka tirsan beesha caalamka. Waxaa ka mid ah Jabuuti , Itoobiya , Masar , Imaaraadka Carabta , Yemen , Turkiga , Talyaaniga , Ingiriiska , Denmark , Faransiiska , Maraykanka , Jamhuuriyadda Shacbiga Shiinaha , Japan , Federaalka Ruushka iyo Koonfurta Kuuriya .
Intaa waxaa dheer, Soomaaliya waxay leedahay dhowr safaaradood oo dibadda ah. Waxaa sidoo kale jira safaarado iyo qunsuliyado shisheeye oo kala duwan oo fadhigoodu yahay caasimadda Muqdisho iyo meelo kale oo dalka ah.
Soomaaliya waxay kaloo xubin ka tahay ururo badan oo caalami ah, sida Qaramada Midoobay , Midowga Afrika iyo Jaamacadda Carabta . Waxay xubin ka ahayd Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka 1969.  Xubnaha kale waxaa ka mid ah Bangiga Horumarinta Afrika , Bulshada Bariga Afrika , Kooxda 77 , Urur Goboleedka IGAD , Bangiga Caalamiga ah ee Dib-u-dhiska iyo Horumarinta , Hay'adda Duulista Rayidka Caalamiga ah , Ururka Horumarinta Caalamiga ah , Hay'adda Maaliyadda Caalamiga ah , Dhaqdhaqaaqa aan Isbahaysiga ahayn iyo Ururka Ganacsiga Adduunka ee Ururka Ganacsiga Adduunka
===Milatari===
[[File:Colonel Abdullahi Ahmed Irro - 1977.jpg|thumb|Gaashaanle Sare C/laahi Axmed Cirro oo ahaa Taliyihii Ciidanka Xoogga Dalka Soomaaliyeed 1977kii.]]
Ciidamada Qalabka Sida ee Soomaaliya (SAF) waa ciidamada milateriga ee Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya.  Isagoo Madaxwaynuhu ka yahay Taliyaha Guud ee Qaranka, waxa dastuurku u igmaday inay sugaan qarannimada, madaxbannaanida iyo wadajirka dhuleed ee qaranka. 
SAF waxa ay markii hore ka koobnaayeen Ciidanka , Ciidanka Badda , Ciidanka Cirka , Ciidanka Booliska iyo Nabadsugida .  Muddadii xorriyadda ka dib, waxay kortay inay ka mid noqoto ciidamada waaweyn ee qaaradda.  Kaddib markii uu qarxay dagaalkii sokeeye ee 1991kii wuxuu horseeday in la kala diro ciidankii xoogga dalka Soomaaliyeed. 
Sannadkii 2004-tii, waxaa si tartiib-tartiib ah dib-u-dhis ciidan loogu sameeyay dhismihii KMG ahaa. Ciidamada qalabka sida ee Soomaaliya ayaa hadda waxaa dusha kala socda Wasaaradda Gaashaandhigga Xukuumadda Federaalka Soomaaliya oo la dhisay bartamihii sanadkii hore ee 2012-ka. Bishii Janaayo 2013, dowladda federaalka ah ee Soomaaliya ayaa sidoo kale dib u howlgelisay hay’addii sirdoonka qaranka ee Muqdisho, iyadoo magaca hay’addaas loo bixiyay NISA .  Dawlad- goboleedka Somaliland iyo Puntland waxay ilaashadaan ammaankooda iyo ciidamadooda booliiska.
===Xuquuqda Aadanaha===
Xuquuqda aadanaha waxaa lagu damaanad qaaday [[Dastuurka Soomaaliya|Dastuurka Federaalka]]. Waxay hoos yimaadaan Wasaaradda Xuquuqda Aadanaha oo la aasaasay bishii Agoosto 2013.&lt;ref name=&quot;Usthrs&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Somalia takes human rights steps|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2013/09/03/Somalia-takes-human-rights-steps/UPI-34071378218185/|access-date=20 February 2014|newspaper=UPI|date=3 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isla waqtigaas, maamulka dhexe wuxuu bilaabay Maalinta Qaranka ee Xuquuqda Aadanaha, ansixiyay Khariidadda Rasmiga ah ee Xuquuqda Aadanaha,&lt;ref name=Suehhrebubcp&gt;{{cite news|title=Somalia: UN expert hails human rights effort but urges broader consultation process |url=https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp/www.wmo.int/html/story.asp?NewsID=45759&amp;Cr=somalia&amp;Cr1=#.UwVrE5gju1E |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140220063126/http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp/www.wmo.int/html/story.asp?NewsID=45759&amp;Cr=somalia&amp;Cr1=%23.UwVrE5gju1E |url-status=dead|access-date=20 February 2014 |newspaper=UN News Centre |date=3 September 2013 |archive-date = 2014-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; wuxuuna dhameystiray Siyaasadda Qaranka ee Jinsiga ee ugu horreysay Soomaaliya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sasrracptrwvms&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=SOMALIA: AU Special Representative reiterates AMISOM's commitment in protecting the rights of women and vulnerable members of Society|url=http://horseedmedia.net/2013/08/14/somalia-au-special-representative-reiterates-amisoms-commitment-in-protecting-the-rights-of-women-and-vulnerable-members-of-society/|publisher=AMISOM|access-date=19 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302122017/http://horseedmedia.net/2013/08/14/somalia-au-special-representative-reiterates-amisoms-commitment-in-protecting-the-rights-of-women-and-vulnerable-members-of-society/|archive-date=2 March 2014|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Galmada lab iyo dhedig labadaba waxay ku muteysanayaan dil Soomaaliya gudaheeda. Oktoobar 3, 2020, baadhaha xuquuqul insaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa walaac ka muujiyay dib u dhigista dowladda Soomaaliya ee ballanqaadyada xuquuqda aadanaha.

==Dhaqaalaha==
[[File:Air Somalia Tupolev Tu-154.jpg|thumb|Diyaaradda Air Somalia Tupolev Tu-154 ee magaalada Sharjah ee dalka Imaaraadka Carabta. Soomaaliya maanta waxay leedahay diyaarado dhowr ah oo gaar loo leeyahay.]]
Sida laga soo xigtay CIA-da iyo Bangiga Dhexe ee Soomaaliya , iyadoo ay socdaan kacdoono sokeeye, dhaqaalaha Soomaaliya wuxuu ku kooban yahay marka hore xoolaha iyo xawaaladaha / xawaaladaha Soomaalida ee ku nool wadamada dhaqaalahoodu horumaray, iyo isgaarsiinta gudaha . Iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay yaraanta tirakoobka rasmiga ah ee dawladda iyo soo noqnoqoshada dagaalka sokeeye ee tobanaan sano socday , way adagtahay in la qiyaaso xajmiga ama kobaca dhaqaalaha. Sannadkii 1994-kii, CIA waxay ku qiyaastay GDP-ga $3.3 bilyan.  Sannadkii 2001, waxa lagu qiyaasay inay dhan tahay $4.1 bilyan.  Sannadkii 2009, CIA waxay ku qiyaastay in GDP-gu uu koray $5.731 bilyan, iyada oo la saadaaliyay heerka kobaca dhabta ah ee 2.6%. Sida laga soo xigtay warbixintii Rugta Ganacsiga ee Ingiriiska 2007 , intii lagu jiray dagaal gudaha ah oo aad u yar, qaybta gaarka loo leeyahay ayaa sidoo kale koray, gaar ahaan qaybta adeegga. Si ka duwan xilligii dagaalka sokeeye ka hor, oo inta badan adeegyada iyo waaxda warshaduhu ay ahaayeen kuwo ay dowladdu maamusho , warbixintii 2007dii waxay xustay maalgashi gaar ah oo la taaban karo, inkastoo aan la qiyaasi karin, ee hawlaha ganacsiga; Taas waxaa inta badan maalgeliyay qurbajoogta Soomaaliyeed , waxaana ka mid ahaa ganacsiga iyo suuqgeynta, adeegyada xawilaadaha, gaadiidka, isgaarsiinta, qalabka kalluumeysiga, shirkadaha diyaaradaha, isgaarsiinta, waxbarashada, caafimaadka, dhismaha iyo hoteellada. Sannadkii 2007, dhaqaaleyahan Libertarian Peter Leeson waxa uu dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqaale ee korodhay u sababeeyay xeer dhaqameedka Soomaalida (oo loo yaqaan Xeer ), kaas oo uu soo jeediyay in uu helo jawi xasiloon oo ganacsi lagu sameeyo. 
Sida laga soo xigtay Bangiga Dhexe ee Soomaaliya, GDP qofkiiba sanadkii 2012 wuxuu ahaa $226, wax yar ayaa hoos u dhacay marka la eego 1990. Qiyaastii 43% dadweynaha waxay ku nool yihiin wax ka yar 1 doolarka Mareykanka ah maalintii, qiyaastii 24% dadka laga helo magaalooyinka iyo 54% waxay ku nool yihiin miyiga. 
Dhaqaalaha Soomaaliya wuxuu ka kooban yahay wax-soo-saar dhaqameed iyo mid casri ah, iyadoo si tartiib-tartiib ah loogu guurayo farsamada casriga ah ee warshadaha. Soomaaliya ayaa leh geela ugu badan adduunka. Sida laga soo xigtay Bangiga Dhexe ee Soomaaliya, qiyaastii 80% dadku waa xoolo-dhaqato reer-guuraa ah, oo xoolo dhaqato ari, ido, geel iyo lo'. Reer guuraagu waxa kale oo ay ururiyaan xabag iyo xabag si ay u kabaan dakhligooda.
===Beeraha===
Beeraha ayaa ah qaybta ugu muhiimsan dhaqaalaha Soomaaliya. Waxay ka dhigan tahay qiyaastii 65% GDP waxayna shaqaaleysiisaa 65% xoogga shaqada.  Xooluhu waxay ka qaybqaataan qiyaastii 40% GDP iyo in ka badan 50% dakhliga dhoofinta.  dhoofinta ugu muhiimsan waxaa ka mid ah kalluunka , dhuxusha iyo muuska ; Sonkorta , hadhuudhka iyo galleyda waa wax soo saarka suuqa gudaha. Sida laga soo xigtay Bangiga Dhexe ee Soomaaliya , badeecadaha la soo dejiyo waxay dhan yihiin $460 milyan sannadkii, taasoo ka badan wadarta guud ee la soo dejiyo ka hor bilowgii dagaalkii sokeeye ee 1991. Dhoofinta, oo dhan $270 milyan sannadkii, ayaa sidoo kale kor u dhaaftay wadarta guud ee dhoofinta wadarta guud ee dagaalka ka hor. Soomaaliya waxaa ka jirta hoos u dhac ganacsi oo gaaraya ilaa 190 milyan oo dollar sanadkii, balse taasi waxaa dhaaftay lacagaha ay soo diraan Soomaalida qurbaha ku nool, taasoo lagu qiyaasay ilaa hal bilyan oo dollar. 
Iyada oo laga faa'ideysanayo in ay ku yaallaan meel u dhow Jasiiradda Carabta, ganacsatada Soomaaliyeed ayaa si isa soo taraysa u billaabay in ay ka hor yimaadaan dhaqanka Australia ee ku aaddan suuqa xoolaha iyo hilibka Carbeed, iyaga oo siinaya xoolo tayo leh qiimo aad u jaban. Taas oo taas ka duulaysa, dalalka Khaliijka Carabta ayaa bilaabay inay dalka ku sameeyaan maalgashi istiraatijiyad ah, iyadoo Sucuudigu dhisay kaabayaashii dhoofinta xoolaha, Imaaraadkuna iibsaday dhul beereed aad u ballaadhan.  Soomaaliya sidoo kale waa dalka ugu badan ee keena Beeyada iyo Malmalka
[[File:Mogadishu Sea Port.jpg|thumb|Dekada Muqdisho]]
Qaybta warshadaha ee dhexdhexaadka ah , oo ku salaysan habaynta wax soo saarka beeraha, ayaa 10% ka ah GDP-ga Soomaaliya. Sida laga soo xigtay Rugta Ganacsiga iyo Warshadaha Soomaaliyeed , in ka badan lix shirkadood oo diyaaradeed oo gaar loo leeyahay ayaa sidoo kale bixiya duulimaadyo ganacsi oo gudaha iyo dibadda ah, oo ay ku jiraan shirkadaha Diyaaradaha ee Daallo, shirkadaha Diyaaradaha ee Jubba, shirkadaha Diyaaradaha ee Afrikaan Express  , Bariga Afrika 540, Xarunta Hawada Dhexe iyo Hajara.  Sannadkii 2008, dawladda Puntland waxay heshiis malaayiin doollar ah la saxeexatay Dubai ' Kooxda Lootah, oo ah koox warshadeed goboleed oo ka hawlgasha Bariga Dhexe iyo Afrika. Heshiiskan ayaa dhigaya in wajiga koowaad ee maalgelinta uu ku kacayo 170 m, waxaana lagu wadaa in la dhiso shirkado cusub oo ka howlgala, maamula iyo dhismaha suuqa ganacsiga xorta ah ee magaalada Boosaaso iyo dhismaha badda iyo garoonka diyaaradaha. Shirkadda Garoonka Diyaaradaha ee Boosaaso ayaa loo qorsheeyay inay dhisto dhismaha garoonka si ay u buuxiso heerarka caalamiga ah, oo ay ku jiraan waddo cusub oo 3,400 m (11,200 fuudh) ah, dhismayaal waaweyn iyo kuwo caawiye ah, tagaasida iyo garoonnada, iyo hareeraha ammaanka. 
Kahor inta uusan dillaacin dagaalkii sokeeye ee 1991, qiyaastii 53 shirkadood oo yar yar, dhexe iyo waaweyn oo wax soo saar ah oo ay dowladdu leedahay ayaa aasaasay, iyada oo iskahorimaadkii xigay uu burburiyay qaar badan oo ka mid ah warshadaha soo haray. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ugu horrayn natiijada maalgashi maxalli ah oo la taaban karo oo ay sameeyeen qurba joogta Soomaaliyeed, in badan oo ka mid ah dhirtan yar yar ayaa dib loo furay kuwa cusubna waa la abuuray. Kuwa dambe waxaa ka mid ah warshado ka sameysan kalluunka oo ku yaalla gobollada waqooyi, sidoo kale waxaa ku yaalla 25 warshadood oo ku yaalla agagaarka Muqdisho, kuwaas oo soo saara baastada, biyaha macdanta, macmacaanka, bacaha, dharka , hargaha iyo saabuunta, saabuunta iyo saabuunta, aluminium, furaashyo xumbo ah iyo barkimo, doonyo kalluumeysi, oo sameeya baakadaha, iyo kuwa dhagxaanta lagu farsameeyo . Sannadkii 2004tii, waxaa sidoo kale magaalada laga furay warshad lagu shubo Coca-cola oo dhan $8.3 milyan, iyadoo maalgashadayaasha ay ka kala yimaaddeen degaanno kala duwan oo Soomaaliya ah. Maalgelinta shisheeye waxaa sidoo kale ku jiray dad caalami ah oo ay ku jiraan General Motors iyo Dole Fruit .

===Habka lacagta iyo lacag bixinta===
[[File:Obverse 2022 Somalia 1 oz Silver coin Leopard.jpg|thumb|2022 Soomaaliya 1 oz lacag ah Leopard (100 shilin)]]
Bangiga dhexe ee Soomaaliya waa maamulka rasmiga ah ee lacagta Soomaaliya. Xagga maamulka maaliyadda, waxa ay ku guda jirtaa hawsha dejinta iyo hirgelinta siyaasadda lacagta . 
Kalsooni la’aanta lagu qabo lacagta dalka ayaa keentay in sarifka lacagaha doolarka ah si weyn loo qaato marka la barbar dhigo shilinka Soomaaliga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, lacag- is-weydaarsiga lacagta shilinka Soomaaliga oo aad u badan ayaa sare u kac ku yimid, gaar ahaan wax kala iibsiga oo aad u hooseeya. Sida uu sheegay Baanka Dhexe, deegaankan sicir-bararka ayaa la filayaa inuu soo afjarmo isla marka uu bangigu si buuxda ula wareego siyaasadda lacagta oo uu beddelo lacagta hadda wareegta ah ee ay shirkaduhu soo kordhiyeen. 
In kasta oo Soomaaliya aysan lahayn awood lacageed oo dhexe muddo ka badan 15 sano intii u dhaxeysay markii uu qarxay dagaalladii sokeeye ee 1991-kii iyo dib-u-soo-celinta Bankiga Dhexe ee Soomaaliya 2009-kii, nidaamka lacag-bixinta ee qaranka ayaa si cadaalad ah u horumaray iyadoo ay ugu horreyso jiritaanka baahsanaanta shirkadaha xawaaladaha ee gaarka loo leeyahay (MTO) oo u dhaqmay sidii shabakado bangi oo aan rasmi ahayn. 
Xawaaladahan ( xawaaladaha ) ayaa noqday warshado waaweyn oo Soomaaliya ka jira, waxaana lagu qiyaasaa US$1.6 bilyan in ay sanad walba gobolka u soo xawilaan dadka Soomaaliyeed ee qurbaha ku nool oo ay u soo marsiiyaan shirkadaha xawaaladaha.  Intooda badan waxa ay xubno ka yihiin Ururka Xawaaladaha Soomaaliyeed (SOMTA), oo ah dallad maamusha xawaaladaha bulshada, ama ururka ka horreeyay ee Ururka Adeegyada Maaliyadeed ee Soomaaliya (SFSA).  MTO-yada Soomaalida ugu weyn waa Dahabshiil , oo ah shirkad ay Soomaalidu leedahay oo ay ka shaqeeyaan in ka badan 2,000 oo qof oo ku kala nool 144 waddan oo laamo ku leh London iyo Dubai 
[[File:Somshil5r.jpg|thumb|500 oo shilin Soomaali ah]]
Horumar la taaban karo oo laga gaaray amniga gudaha, qurbajoogta Soomaaliyeed waxay bilaabeen inay dalka ugu soo laabtaan fursado maalgashi. Marka lagu daro maal-gashi yar oo shisheeye ah, dhaqaalaha soo gala ayaa ka caawiyay shilinka Soomaaliga inuu si aad ah u kordho qiimihiisu. Bishii Maarso 2014, lacagtu waxay qiimaysay ku dhawaad ​​60% marka loo eego dollarka Maraykanka 12 bilood ee la soo dhaafay. Shilinka Soomaaliga ayaa ahaa kan ugu xooggan 175-ka lacag ee caalamka ee ay iibgeyso Bloomberg , taasoo kor ugu kacday ku dhawaad ​​50-dhibcood marka loo eego lacagta soo socota ee ugu xoogga badan isla muddadaas. 
Sarrifka saamiyada Soomaaliya (SSE) waa deymaha qaranka Soomaaliya. Waxaa la aasaasay 2012 si ay u soo jiitaan maalgashi ay ka helaan shirkado ay Soomaalidu leedahay iyo shirkado caalami ah si loo dardargeliyo dib u dhiska ka socda Soomaaliya kadib colaadaha.

===Tamarta iyo kheyraadka dabiiciga ah===
Baanka Adduunka waxa uu sheegay in, 2007-dii, in korontadu ay inta badan bixiyeen ganacsiyo maxalli ah. Shirkadahan gudaha waxaa ka mid ah Shirkadda Tamarta Soomaaliyeed , oo qabata abuurista, gudbinta iyo qaybinta korontada.Sannadkii 2010, qaranku wuxuu soo saaray 310 milyan kWh wuxuuna cunay 288.3 milyan kWh oo koronto ah, oo kala galay 170aad iyo 177aad, siday u kala horreeyaan, sida ay CIA-du sheegtay.
[[File:Puntland oil.png|thumb|Shidaalkii Puntland]]
Soomaaliya waxay leedahay kayd khayraad badan oo dabiici ah oo ay ka mid yihiin Yuuraaniyam , Bir ore , tin , gypsum , bauxite , copper , cusbo iyo gaaska dabiiciga ah . CIA-da ayaa sheegtay in ay jiraan 5.663 bilyan cubic mitir oo kayd gaas dabiici ah oo la xaqiijiyey. 
Lama hubo joogitaanka iyo inta uu le'eg yahay kaydka kaydka shidaalka ee Soomaaliya. CIA-da waxa ay cadaysay in laga bilaabo 2011 aanay dalka ka jirin kayd shidaal oo la xaqiijiyey,  halka UNCTAD ay soo jeedinayso in kaydka kaydka shidaalka ee Soomaaliya ugu badan uu ku yaal xeebaha waqooyi-galbeed ee Somaliland. Koox saliideed ah oo ku taxan Sydney , Kheyraadka Buuraleyda , waxay ku qiyaaseen in gobolka Puntland ee waqooyi-bari uu awood u leeyahay inuu soo saaro 5 bilyan oo fuusto (790 × 10 6  m 3 ) ilaa 10 bilyan fuusto (1.6 × 10 9  m 3 ) oo saliid ah,  ayaa caddeeyey in kaydka saliidda ee Suudaan uu yahay 6.7 bilyan.  Horumarradaas dartood, Shirkadda Batroolka Soomaaliya waxaa dhistay dowladda federaalka. 
Dabayaaqadii 1960-aadkii, khubarada juqraafi ee Qaramada Midoobay waxa ay Soomaaliya ka heleen kayd weyn oo Yuraaniyaam ah iyo kayd macdaneed oo naadir ah. Helitaanka ayaa ahayd tii ugu waynayd ee nooceeda ah, iyada oo khubarada warshadaha ay qiyaaseen in cadadka kaydka ahi ay noqon karto in ka badan 25% kaydka uranium-ka adduunka ee wakhtigaas la yaqaan ee 800,000 oo tan. Sannadkii 1984kii, Hawlgalka Wajiga Hanuuninta IUREP ee Soomaaliya wuxuu soo sheegay in waddanku leeyahay 5,000 tan oo uranium ah oo si macquul ah loo dammaanad qaaday (RAR), 11,000 tan oo uranium ah ayaa lagu qiyaasay kheyraad dheeraad ah (EAR) ee kaydka calcrete , iyo sidoo kale 0-150,000 oo kheyraad ah oo uranium ah. kaydka calcrete. Soomaaliya waxa ay u xuub-siibatay soo saarista Yuraaniyaamka adduunka ugu weyn, iyada oo ay ku tartamayaan shirkado macdano ah oo Maraykan ah, Imaaraadka, Talyaaniga iyo Baraasiil. Xiriir Kheyraadka Dabiiciga ah waxay saami ku leedahay gobollada dhexe, Kilimanjaro Capital waxay saami ku leedahay 1,161,400 acres (470,002 ha) ee Amsas-Coriole-Afgoi (ACA), oo ay ku jirto sahaminta Yuuraaniyam. 
Shirkadda Korontada iyo Gaaska warshadaha ee Is dhexgalka Caalamiga ah waa shirkad tamareed oo fadhigeedu yahay Muqdisho. Waxaa ku midoobay shan shirkadood oo waaweyn oo Soomaali ah oo ka kala socda dhinacyada ganacsiga , maaliyadda , amniga iyo isgaarsiinta , kaddib heshiiskii wadajirka ahaa ee 2010-kii lagu saxiixay magaalada Istanbul ee dalka Turkiga si ay u bixiyaan kaabayaasha korontada iyo gaaska ee Soomaaliya. Iyada oo miisaaniyadii hore ee maalgelinta ahayd $1 bilyan, shirkaddu waxay bilawday Mashruuca Kala qaybinta Nabadda Soomaaliya, oo ah barnaamij tamar xoog leh oo xoog leh oo loogu talagalay in lagu fududeeyo hindisayaasha warshadaynta gudaha.
Sida uu sheegay Bankiga dhexe ee Soomaaliya, marka ay qarankani cagta saartay wadadii dib u dhiska dalka, waxaa laga filayaa in dhaqaalaha uusan la jaanqaadi karin heerarkii uu soo maray dagaalladii sokeeye ka hor, balse waxaa la filayaa in la dardargeliyo kobaca iyo horumarka dalka maadaama aan laga faa’ideysan kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee Soomaaliya.

===Isgaarsiinta iyo warbaahinta===
[[File:Hormuud.jpg|thumb|Dhismaha Hormuud Telecom ee Muqdisho]]
Bilawgii dagaalkii sokeeye ka dib, shirkado isgaarsiineed oo kala duwan ayaa bilaabay in ay abuurmaan oo u tartamaan sidii ay u heli lahaayeen kaabayaal dhaqaale oo maqan. Shirkadahan isgaarsiineed ee curdinka ah oo ay maalgaliyeen ganacsato Soomaaliyeed ayna taageerayaan khubaro ka kala socota Shiinaha , Kuuriyada Koonfureed iyo Yurub, shirkadahan isgaarsiineed ee curdinka ah ayaa bixiya adeegyo taleefoonnada gacanta iyo internetka ah oo jaban oo aan laga helin meelo badan oo kale oo qaaradda ah. Macaamiishu waxa ay ku samayn karaan xawaaladaha lacagaha (sida Dahabshiil-ka caanka ah ) iyo hawlaha kale ee bangiyada iyaga oo isticmaalaya telefoonnada gacanta, iyo sidoo kale in ay si fudud u helaan internet wireless. 
Ka dib markii ay iskaashi la sameeyeen shirkado caalami ah sida Sprint , ITT iyo Telenor , shirkadahani hadda waxay bixiyaan wicitaanada telefoonka ugu jaban uguna nadiifsan Afrika. Shirkadahan isgaarsiinta Soomaalida ayaa sidoo kale adeegyo u fidiya magaalo kasta iyo magaalo kasta oo Soomaaliya ka mid ah. Hadda waxa jira ilaa 25 khadadka ugu muhiimsan 1,000kii qofba, helida khadadka taleefoonada ee maxaliga ah ( Cufnaanta taleefannada ) ayaa ka sarreeya kuwa wadamada deriska ah; saddex jeer in ka badan Itoobiya dariska la ah.  Shirkadaha Isgaarsiinta Soomaaliya ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah Kooxda Golis Telecom, Hormuud Telecom, Somafone, Nationlink, Netco, Telcom iyo Kooxda Somali Telecom. Shirkadda Hormuud Telecom oo kaliya ayaa sanadkii soo xareeysa ilaa 40 milyan oo dollar. Inkasta oo ay xafiiltamaan, dhowr shirkadood oo kuwan ka mid ah ayaa saxiixay heshiis isku xirnaanta 2005 kaas oo u oggolaanaya inay dejiyaan qiimaha, ilaalinta iyo ballaarinta shabakadahooda, iyo hubinta in tartanka uusan ka bixin xakamaynta. 
Telefishinka Qaranka Soomaaliyeed ee ay dowladdu maamusho waa kan ugu weyn ee adeegga dadweynaha ee qaranka. Muddo labaatan sano ah ka dib, waxaa si rasmi ah dib loo howlgeliyay idaacadda 4 - tii Abriil 2011 . TV-ga Qaranka Somaliland iyo Puntland TV iyo Radio hawada gobolada waqooyi.
Intaa waxaa dheer, Soomaaliya waxay leedahay dhowr telefishin iyo shabakado raadiyo oo gaar loo leeyahay. Waxaana ka mid ah Telefishanka Horn Cable iyo Telefishanka Universal .  Wargeysyada Xog Doon iyo Xog Ogaal iyo Horyaal Ciyaaraha oo ka soo baxa caasimadda dalka dibaddiisa. Waxa kale oo jira tiro warbaahin oo online ah oo tabisa wararka gudaha,  oo ay ku jiraan Garoowe Onlayn , Wardheernews, iyo Boostada Puntland.
Koodhka dalka internetka ee heerka sare (ccTLD) ee Soomaaliya waa .so . Waxa si rasmi ah dib u hawl-galiyey 1-dii November 2010-kii oo ay samaysay Diiwaanka .SO, kaas oo ay nidaamisay Wasaaradda Boosaha iyo Isgaadhsiinta Qaranka. 
Bishii Nofembar 2013, ka dib Heshiis Is-afgarad ah oo lala saxiixday Boostada imaaraadka bishii Abriil ee sanadka, Wasaaradda Boostada iyo Isgaarsiinta dowladda federaalka ayaa si rasmi ah dib ugu dhistay Adeegga Boostada Soomaaliyeed (Boostada Soomaaliyeed). Bishii Oktoobar 2014, wasaaraddu waxay sidoo kale dib u bilawday keenista boostada ee dibadda.

===Dalxiiska===
[[File:Laas Geel.jpg|thumb|Sawirro qadiimi ah oo ku yaal Laas Geel , Hargeysa]]
Soomaaliya waxay leedahay meelo soo jiidasho leh oo maxalli ah, oo ka kooban goobo taariikhi ah, xeebo, biyo-dhacyo, silsilado buuro iyo jardiinooyin qaran. Warshadaha dalxiiska waxa maamusha wasaaradda dalxiiska ee qaranka. Maamulada Puntland iyo Somaliland waxay leeyihiin xafiisyo dalxiis oo u gaar ah.  Ururka Dalxiiska Soomaaliyeed (SOMTA) ayaa sidoo kale bixiya adeegyo la-talin ah oo dalka gudihiisa ah oo ku saabsan warshadaha dalxiiska qaranka. Laga bilaabo Maarso 2015, Wasaaradda Dalxiiska iyo Duurjoogta ee Dowlad Goboleedka Koonfur Galbeed ayaa ku dhawaaqday in la qorsheeyay in la sameeyo kaydad dheeri ah iyo noocyada duurjoogta.  Dowladda Mareykanka waxay kula talisay dadka safarka ah inaysan u safrin Soomaaliya. Muuqaallada xusidda mudan waxaa ka mid ah godadka Laas-geel oo ay ku jiraan fanka dhagaxa Neolithic ; Cal Madow , Buuraha Golis iyo Buuraha Oogo ; biyo-dhacyada Isku -shuban iyo Lamadaya ; iyo Seeraha Qaranka ee Hargeysa , Jilibka Qaranka , Beerta Qaranka ee Kismaayo iyo Beerta Qaranka ee Lag Badana .
===Gaadiidka===
[[File:Aden Abdullah Airport.jpg|thumb|Garoonka Diyaaradaha Aadan Cadde]]
Shabakadda waddooyinka Soomaaliya waa 22,100 km (13,700 mi). Laga bilaabo 2000 , 2,608 km (1,621 mi) jidad ayaa la saaray 19,492 km (12,112 mi) lama laami ah. Waddo dheer oo dhererkeedu yahay 750 km (470 mi) ayaa isku xirta magaalooyinka waaweyn ee waqooyiga dalka, sida Boosaaso , Gaalkacyo iyo Garoowe iyo magaalooyin ku yaal koonfurta. 
Laba iyo lixdan garoon diyaaradeed oo Soomaaliya oo dhan ah ayaa qaada gaadiidka hawada; toddobo ka mid ah kuwan ayaa laami la saaray. Kuwa dambe, afar garoon diyaaradeed ayaa leh dhabbaha dayuuradaha ee ka badan 3,047 mitir (9,997 ft); laba waxay u dhexeeyaan 2,438 iyo 3,047 m (7,999 iyo 9,997 ft) midna waa 1,524 ilaa 2,437 m (5,000 ilaa 7,995 ft) dheer. Waxa jira shan iyo konton garoon diyaaradeed oo leh meelo ay ka soo degaan oo aan laami ahayn. Mid waxa uu leeyahay dhabo diyaaradeed oo ka badan 3,047 m; afar waxay u dhexeeyaan 2,438 m iyo 3,047 m dherer; labaatan waa 1,524 m ilaa 2,437 m; afar iyo labaatan waa 914 m ilaa 1,523 m; lixna waxay ka hooseeyaan 914 mitir (2,999 ft).  Garoomada ugu waaweyn ee dalka waxaa ka mid ah Garoonka Diyaaradaha Aadan Cadde ee Muqdisho, Garoonka Diyaaradaha Hargeysa ee Hargeysa, Garoonka Kismaayo ee Kismaayo , Garoonka Baydhabo ee Baydhabo iyo Garoonka Caalamiga ah ee Bender Qaasim ee Boosaaso.
Somali Airlines oo la aas aasay 1964-tii, waxay ahayd duulimaadka calanka Soomaaliya. Waxa ay joojisay hawlihii ay ka shaqayn jirtay intii lagu jiray dagaalladii sokeeye. Si kastaba ha ahaatee , dawladdii Soomaaliya ee dib loo dhisay ayaa markii dambe bilowday diyaargarow loogu jiro dib u hawlgelinta shirkadii la filayey in dib loo bilaabo sannadkii 2012 . In ka badan lix ka mid ah shirkadahan diyaaradeed ee gaarka loo leeyahay waxay bixiyaan duulimaadyo ganacsi oo gudaha iyo dibadda ah, oo ay ku jiraan Daallo Airlines , Jubba Airways , African Express Airways , Bariga Afrika 540, Central Air iyo Hajara. 
Iyadoo leh xeebta ugu dheer qaaradda,  Soomaaliya waxay leedahay dhowr dekedood oo waaweyn . Gaadiidka badda ayaa laga helaa dekedaha Muqdisho, Boosaaso, Berbera , Kismaayo iyo Marka . Waxaa kaloo jira hal badeecooyin badeed ah . Waxa la aasaasay 2008, waxa ay ku salaysan tahay xamuulka.

==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
{{Further|Liiska magaalooyinka Soomaaliya dadka ku nool}}

{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;float: right; margin-left: 10px&quot;
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; background:#cfb;&quot;|Tirada Dadka{{UN_Population|ref}}
|-
! style=&quot;background:#cfb;&quot;|Sano
! style=&quot;background:#cfb;&quot;|Milyan
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|1950 ||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|2.3
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|2000 ||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|9.0
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|{{UN_Population|Year}} ||style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;|{{#expr:{{formatnum:{{UN_Population|Somalia}}|R}}/1e6 round 1}}
|}
Soomaaliya waxaa ka maqan xog la isku halayn karo.  Wadanku waxa lagu qiyaasaa dad lagu qiyaasay 17.1 milyan oo degan 2021; wadarta dadka marka loo eego tirakoobkii 1975 waxay ahaayeen 3.3 milyan. Sahan ay samaysay Sanduuqa Dadweynaha ee Qaramada Midoobay oo la sameeyay 2013 iyo 2014 ayaa lagu qiyaasay tirada guud ee dadka inay tahay 12,316,895. 
Qiyaastii 85% dadka deegaanka waa qowmiyad Soomaali ah , kuwaas oo taariikh ahaan deggenaa qaybta waqooyi ee dalka. Waxay dhaqan ahaan u abaabulan yihiin reer guuraa xoolo-dhaqato ah, boqortooyo dabacsan, suldaanno iyo dawlad-goboleedyo. Dagaalladii sokeeye ee billowgii sagaashamaadkii waxay si weyn u kordhiyeen tirada qurbo-joogta Soomaalida , iyadoo in badan oo ka mid ah Soomaalidii aqoonta sare lahayd ay dalka ka tageen. 
Qowmiyadaha laga tirada badan yahay ee aan Soomaalida ahayn ayaa ah inta ka hartay shacabka Soomaaliyeed, waxayna inta badan ku badan yihiin gobollada koonfureed.  Waxaa ka mid ah Bravanese , Bantus , Bajuuni , Xabashi (gaar ahaan Oromo ) Yamaniyiin , Hindi , Faaris , Talyaani iyo Ingiriis . Qowmiyadda Bantus oo ah qowmiyadda ugu badan ee laga tirada badan yahay Soomaaliya, waa faracii addoomo laga keenay Koonfur-bari Afrika oo ay lahaayeen ganacsato Carab iyo Soomaali ah.  1940kii, waxa ku noolaa Somaliland Talyaani ilaa 50,000 Talyaani ah . Inta badan reer Yurub waxay ka tageen xorriyadda ka dib, iyadoo tiro yar oo reer galbeed ah ay weli joogaan Soomaaliya oo u badan kuwa u shaqeeya hay'adaha caalamiga ah ee ka hawlgala Soomaaliya.
[[File:Population pyramid of Somalia 2015.png|thumb|Dadka da' kasta]]
Qurba joog Soomaaliyeed oo aad u tiro badan ayaa ka jira wadamo kala duwan oo reer galbeed ah sida Maraykanka (gaar ahaan gobolka Minnesota ) iyo Ingiriiska (gaar ahaan London ), Iswidhan, Kanada, Norway, Nederland, Jarmalka, Denmark, Finland, Australia, Switzerland, Austria, Talyaaniga, iyo sidoo kale Jasiiradda Carabta , iyo dalal dhowr ah oo Afrikaan ah sida Uganda iyo Koonfur Afrika . Qurba-joogta Soomaaliyeed ayaa si weyn ugu lug leh siyaasadda iyo horumarka Soomaaliya. Madaxweynihii hore ee Soomaaliya, Maxamed Cabdullaahi Maxamed , ayaa horay u ahaa qurbo-joog, wuxuuna heystay dhalashada Mareykanka oo uu si iskii ah uga tanaasulay 2019. 
Dadka Soomaaliya waxa ay ku sii fidayaan kobac dhan 1.75% sanadkii, halka 1,000 qofba ay dhallaan 40.87. Wadarta heerka bacriminta Soomaaliya waa 6.08 carruur ah oo dhashey haweeneydiiba (qiyaastii 2014), waana tan afaraad ee ugu sareysa adduunka, sida uu qabo Buugga Xaqiiqooyinka Adduunka ee CIA . Inta badan dadka deegaanka ayaa ah dhalinyaro, da'da dhexdhexaadka ah waa 17.7 sano; Qiyaastii 44% dadku waxay da'doodu u dhaxaysaa 0-14 sano, 52% waxay u dhexeeyaan da'da 15-64 sano, kaliya 2% waa 65 sano ama ka weyn.  Saamiga lab iyo dheddig waa qiyaas dheelli tiran, iyadoo saami ahaan lagu qiyaaso inta ragga ah sida dumarka.
Ma jiraan xog la isku halayn karo oo ku saabsan magaalooyinka Soomaaliya. Qiyaaso adag ayaa la sameeyay oo tilmaamaya heerka magaalaynta 4.8% sanadkii (2005–2010 qiyaas ahaan.), iyadoo magaalooyin badan ay si degdeg ah u korayaan magaalooyinka.  Qowmiyadaha laga tirada badan yahay ayaa sidoo kale ka soo guuray miyiga una guuray magaalooyinka tan iyo markii ay bilowdeen dagaalladii sokeeye, gaar ahaan Muqdisho iyo Kismaayo .  Laga soo bilaabo 2008 , 37.7% dadweynaha qaranku waxay ku nool yihiin magaalooyinka iyo magaalooyinka, iyadoo boqolkiiba ay si degdeg ah u kordheyso. 
===Luuqadaha===
Af-Soomaaligu waa luqadda rasmiga ah ee ugu horreysa ee Soomaaliya halka Carabiga uu yahay luqadda labaad ee rasmiga ah ee dastuurka. Af-Soomaaligu waa afkii hooyo ee dadka Soomaaliyeed oo ah qowmiyadda ugu tirada badan qaranka. Waa xubin ka tirsan laanta Kushitigga ee qoyska afafka Afro-Aasiyatiga, qaraabada ugu dhowna waa afafka Oromada, Canfarta iyo Saho. Af-Soomaaligu waa kan ugu wanaagsan ee laga diiwaan geliyo luqadaha Kushitigga, iyada oo daraasado tacliimeed lagu sameeyay laga soo bilaabo 1900 ka hor.
[[File:Somali Stone.jpg|thumb|Looxa dhagaxa ah ee laga soo bilaabo qarnigii 14-aad ee suugaanta Wadaad]]
Af-Soomaaligu wuxuu u qaybsamaa saddex qaybood oo waaweyn: Waqooyi, Banaadir iyo Maayga. Soomaali-waqooyi (ama Waqooyi-Bartamaha Soomaaliya) ayaa saldhig u ah heerka Soomaaliga. Benaadir (sidoo kale loo yaqaan Xeebta Soomaaliya) waxaa looga hadlaa xeebta Banaadir, laga bilaabo Cadale ilaa koonfurta magaalada Marka oo ay ku jirto Muqdisho, iyo sidoo kale dhulka hoose ee dhow. Lahjadaha xeebuhu waxay leeyihiin telefoono dheeraad ah oo aan ku qornayn Soomaali caadi ah. Maayga waxaa ku hadla inta badan beelaha Digil iyo Mirifle (Raxanweyn) ee dega deegaanada koonfurta Soomaaliya. Banaadiri waa lahjada ugu weyn ee looga hadlo dalka, marka la barbardhigo Waqooyiga Soomaaliya oo ah lahjada ugu weyn ee looga hadlo Somaliland.
Sanado badan ayaa habab qoris kala duwan loo adeegsaday qorista afka Soomaaliga. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah alifbeetada Soomaaliga, oo ah tan ugu badan ee la isticmaalo, isla markaana noqotay qoraalka rasmiga ah ee Soomaaliya tan iyo markii Golaha Sare ee Kacaanku si rasmi ah u hirgeliyay bishii Oktoobar 1972.&lt;ref&gt;Economist Intelligence Unit (Great Britain) ''Middle East annual review'' (1975) p. 229&lt;/ref&gt; Qoraallo kale oo qarniyo badan loo adeegsanayay qorista Soomaaliga waxaa ka mid ah qoraalka Carabiga iyo qoraalka Wadaadka. Habab qoraal oo asal ahaan Soomaaliyeed oo la sameeyay qarnigii 20-aad waxaa ka mid ah qoraalka Cusmaaniya, qoraalka Borama iyo qoraalka Kaddare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Laitin|1977|pp=86–87}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Carabi|Carabiga]], oo ah luqadda labaad ee Soomaaliya,&lt;ref name=&quot;Frspc&quot;/&gt; waxaa ku hadla ku dhowaad hal milyan oo Soomaali ah&lt;ref name=&quot;ethnologue.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Somalia |url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/so/languages |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308060654/https://www.ethnologue.com/country/so/languages |archive-date=8 March 2021 |access-date=2 February 2020 |website=Ethnologue}}&lt;/ref&gt; sababo la xiriira xiriirrada qarniyada badan jiray ee ay la leedahay Dunida Carabta, saameynta ballaaran ee warbaahinta Carabiga, iyo waxbarashada diinta.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dubnov&quot;&gt;Helena Dubnov (2003) ''A grammatical sketch of Somali'', Kِppe, pp. 70–71.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Diana Briton Putman, Mohamood Cabdi Noor (1993) ''The Somalis: their history and culture'', Center for Applied Linguistics, p. 15.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Fiona MacDonald et al. (2000) ''Peoples of Africa'', Vol. 10, Marshall Cavendish, p. 178.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |author=((American University (Washington, D.C.). Foreign Area Studies)) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R0pyAAAAMAAJ&amp;dq=Somali+arab+ties&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Area Handbook for Somalia |date=1969 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |location=Washington, D.C. |page=235 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=1 December 2005 |title=Middle East Policy Council – Muslim Populations Worldwide |url=http://www.mepc.org/workshops/popstat.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061214023655/http://www.mepc.org/workshops/popstat.asp |archive-date=14 December 2006 |access-date=27 June 2010 |publisher=Mepc.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Abdullahi 2001 12&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|Diriye Abdullahi|2001|p=1}}.&lt;/ref&gt; SIL Global waxay qiyaastaa tirada guud ee dadka ku hadla, iyadoo aan loo eegin heerka aqoontooda, inay ka badan tahay laba milyan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/so/languages|title=Somalia|website=Ethnologue}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa loo adeegsadaa luqad cibaado maadaama uu yahay afka [[Qur'aan|Qur'aanka]]. Soomaalidu waxay bartaan akhriska iyo qorista Carabiga iyagoo da' yar.

[[File:Arabic in Somalia Graph.png|thumb|280px|left|Qiyaasta aqoonta Carabiga ee dadka Soomaaliyeed, iyadoo la kala saarayo akhriska qoraalka Qur'aanka iyo ku hadalka Carabiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Salad2025&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last=Salad |first=Hussein Ahmed |title=Somali community perception on Arabic language |journal=Horn of Africa Journal of Social Science |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=50–60 |year=2025 |doi=10.70806/frz04z80}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

[[Af-Ingiriis|Ingiriisiga]] si weyn ayaa looga hadlaa loona dhigaa. Wuxuu ahaan jiray luqad maamul xilligii maxmiyadda Somaliland ee Ingiriiska, waxaana sabab u ah caalamiyeynta uu hadda caan ka yahay guud ahaan Soomaaliya. Ingiriisigu waa luqadda waxbarashada ee jaamacado badan oo Soomaaliya ku yaalla, waana mid ka mid ah luqadaha shaqada ee ugu waaweyn hay'adaha aan dawliga ahayn ee ka hawlgala Soomaaliya.

[[Af-Taliyaani|Talyaaniga]] wuxuu ahaa luqad rasmi ah xilligii Somaliland Talyaaniga iyo muddadii wakiillimada, laakiin isticmaalkiisa aad ayuu hoos ugu dhacay kaddib xorriyadda. Hadda waxaa inta badan laga maqlaa jiilalka waaweyn, saraakiisha dowladda, iyo dadka aqoonta leh.

Luqadaha kale ee laga tirada badan yahay waxaa ka mid ah Bravanese, oo ah nooc ka mid ah luqadda Bantu ee Sawaaxiliga oo laga hadlo xeebaha ay deggan yihiin dadka Bravanese, iyo Kibajuni, oo ah lahjad Sawaaxili ah oo ah afka hooyo ee kooxda qowmiyadeed ee laga tirada badan yahay ee Bajuni.
{{clear}}

===Gobolada iyo magaalooyinka===
{{Magaalooyinka Soomaaliya}}
===Diinta===
{{bar box|float=right
|title=[[Diinta Soomaalida]] 2010&lt;ref name=&quot;Pew&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Global Religious Landscape|url=http://www.pewforum.org/files/2012/12/globalReligion-full.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130806002044/http://www.pewforum.org/files/2012/12/globalReligion-full.pdf|archive-date=6 August 2013|publisher=Pew Research Center|access-date=27 December 2013|page=49}}&lt;/ref&gt;|titlebar=#ddd
|left1=Diin|right1=Boqolkiiba
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Islaam|Islaam]]|green|99.8}}
{{bar percent|Mid Kale|red|0.2}}
}}
{{Main|Diinta Soomaalida}}
'''Diinta Soomaaliya 2010'''

Diinta		 Boqolkiiba

Islaamka     99.8% 

Mid kale     0.2%
[[File:Mosislsol2.jpg|thumb|Masjidka Isbaheysiga Islaamka ee magaalada Muqdisho ayaa ah masjidka ugu weyn gobolka Geeska.]]
Sida ay sheegtay xarunta cilmi baarista ee Pew , 99.8% dadka Soomaaliya waa Muslim 315. Inta badan waxay ka tirsan yihiin laanta Islaamka ee sunniga iyo mad-habta shaaficiga ee fiqiga islaamka . suufiyada , dariiqada suufiga ah ee Islaamka, ayaa sidoo kale si fiican u dhisan, oo leh jamacooyin badan oo maxalli ah zawiya  ama jameeco ka mid ah tariiqooyinka kala duwan ama suufiyada.  Dastuurka Soomaaliya wuxuu kaloo qeexayaa diinta Islaamka inay tahay diinta dowladda ee Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya, shareecada Islaamkana ay tahay isha aasaasiga ah ee sharci-dejinta qaranka. Waxa kale oo uu dhigayaa in aan la samayn karin xeer aan waafaqsanayn mabaadi’da aasaasiga ah ee shareecada. 
Diinta Masiixiga waa diimo laga tiro badan yahay Soomaaliya, dadka raacsani waxay matalaan in ka yar 0.1% dadweynaha sanadka 2010 sida ay sheegtay xarunta cilmi baarista ee Pew.  Tirada Masiixiyiinta Soomaaliya waxa lagu qiyaasaa 1,000 qof.  Waxaa jira hal dariiqo Katoolik ah oo dalka oo dhan u yaal, Diocese-ka Muqdisho , taas oo ku qiyaastay in 2004 ay jireen ku dhawaad ​​boqol dhakhaatiir Katoolik ah. 
Sannadkii 1913kii, waagii hore ee gumaystaha, ma jirin wax Masiixiyiin ah oo ku noolaa dhulka Soomaalida, iyada oo ilaa 100-200 oo keliya ay ka yimaaddeen dugsiyada iyo xarumaha agoomaha ee hawlgalladii Kaatooligga ee Maxmiyadda Somaliland ee Ingiriiska . Sidoo kale ma jirin hawl wadeenno Katoolik ah oo la yaqaan oo ka socday Somaliland Talyaani isla muddadaas. Sannadihii 1970-aadkii, xilligii ay Soomaaliya ka talinaysay dowladdii Marxist-ta , waxaa la xiray iskuulladii ay kaniisaddu maamuli jirtay, adeegayaashana waxaa loo diray guryahooda. Tan iyo 1989-kii ma jirin wax Baasaboor ah oo dalka ka howlgala, waxaana cathedral- ka Muqdisho ka dhacay burbur xooggan oo soo gaaray dagaalladii sokeeye. Bishii Disembar 2013, Wasaaradda Caddaaladda iyo Arrimaha Diinta ayaa sidoo kale soo saartay awaamiir mamnuucaysa in dalka laga qabto xafladaha Kiristaanka. 
Marka loo eego xarunta cilmi baarista ee Pew, in ka yar 0.1% dadka Soomaaliya sanadkii 2010 waxay ahaayeen kuwo raacsan diimaha dadweynaha . Kuwaas oo u badnaan ka koobnaa qaar ka mid ah qowmiyadaha tirada yar ee aan Soomaalida ahayn ee ku nool qaybaha koonfureed ee dalka, kuwaas oo ku dhaqma nacayb . Dhanka Bantuda , dhaqamadaas diineed waxay ka dhaxleen awoowayaashood Koonfur Bari Afrika . 
Intaa waxaa dheer, marka loo eego Xarunta Cilmi-baarista ee Pew, in ka yar 0.1% dadka Soomaaliya sannadkii 2010 waxay ahaayeen kuwo raacsan diinta Yuhuudda , Hinduismka , Budhiismka , ama aan ku xidhnayn diin kasta .

===Caafimaadka===
[[File:Life expectancy in Somalia.png|thumb|Cimriga Soomaaliya, 1950 ilaa 2023]]
Ilaa burburkii dawladdii dhexe ee sannadkii 1991-kii, haykalka hab-dhismeedka iyo hab-dhismeedka maamulka ee waaxda daryeelka caafimaadka ee Soomaaliya waxa dusha kala socday Wasaaradda Caafimaadka. Saraakiisha caafimaadka ee gobolku waxay ku raaxaysanayeen xoogaa awood ah, laakiin daryeelka caafimaadku wuxuu ahaa mid si weyn u dhexeya. Dawladii hantiwadaaga ee Madaxweynihii hore ee Soomaaliya Siyaad Barre waxay joojisay dhaq-dhaqaaqii caafimaadka ee gaarka ahaa 1972 . 
Nidaamkii daryeelka bulshada ee Soomaaliya ayaa si weyn u burburay dagaalladii sokeeye ee xigay. Sida waaxaha kale ee hore loo qarameeyay, bixiyayaasha aan rasmiga ahayn ayaa buuxiyey booskii banaanaa waxayna bedeleen kalidii dawladii hore ee daryeelka caafimaadka, iyada oo helitaanka tas-hiilaadka ay markhaati ka tahay koror weyn.  Xarumo daryeel caafimaad oo badan, rugo caafimaad, isbitaallo iyo farmasiyo ayaa howsha lagu dhisay iyadoo loo marayo dadaallo Soomaaliyeed oo gurigooda lagu beeray.  Qiimaha la-talinta caafimaadka iyo daaweynta xarumahan waa mid hooseeya, $ 5.72 booqasho kasta oo xarumaha caafimaadka ah (oo leh daboolida dadweynaha ee 95%), iyo $ 1.89-3.97 booqasho bukaan-socod iyo $ 7.83-13.95 maalintii sariiraha aasaasiga ah ilaa isbitaallada sare. 
Isbarbardhigga muddada 2005-2010 iyo tobankii sano ee badhkii ka hor dillaaca iskahorimaadka (1985-1990), rajada nolosha ayaa dhab ahaantii kor u kacday celcelis ahaan 47 sano ragga iyo dumarka ilaa 48.2 sano ragga iyo 51 sano haweenka.  Sidoo kale, tirada hal sano jirka ah ee si buuxda looga tallaalay jadeecada ayaa kor uga kacday 30% 1985-1990 ilaa 40% 2000-2005, iyo qaaxada , waxay kor u kacday ku dhawaad ​​20% ilaa 50% isla muddadaas. 
Tirada dhallaanka miisaankoodu hooseeyo ayaa hoos uga dhacay min 16 1,000kiiba ilaa 0.3, taasoo ah 15% hoos u dhac ku yimid wadar ahaan isla waqtigaas. Intii u dhaxaysay 2005 iyo 2010 marka la barbardhigo 1985-1990, dhimashada dhallaanka ee 1,000 dhalasho waxay sidoo kale hoos uga dhacday 152 ilaa 109.6.  Muhiimad weyn, dhimashada hooyada 100,000 ee dhallaanka waxay ka dhacday 1,600 dagaalkii ka hor 1985-1990 tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay ilaa 1,100 muddadii 2000-2005. Tirada dhakhaatiirta 100,000 ee qof ayaa sidoo kale ka kacay 3.4 ilaa 4 isla waqti isku mid ah, sida boqolkiiba dadka helay adeegyada fayadhowrka, kuwaas oo ka kordhay 18% ilaa 26%. 
Marka loo eego xogta Sanduuqa Dadweynaha ee Qaramada Midoobay ee shaqaalaha umulisooyinka, wadar ahaan 429 umulisooyin ah (oo ay ku jiraan kalkaalisooyin- umulisooyin) Soomaaliya, oo leh cufnaanta hal umuliso 1,000kii carruur ah ee nool. Siddeed xarumood oo umulisooyin ah ayaa hadda dalka ka jira, oo laba ka mid ah ay yihiin kuwo gaar loo leeyahay. Umulisada waxaa nidaamisa dowladda, waxaana loo baahan yahay shatiga si loogu shaqeeyo si xirfadeysan. Diiwaangelin toos ah ayaa sidoo kale jirta si loola socdo umulisooyinka shatiga haysta. Intaa waxaa dheer, umulisooyinka dalka waxaa si rasmi ah uga wakiil ah ururka umulisooyinka maxalliga ah, oo ka diiwaangashan 350 xubnood
Marka loo eego qiyaasta hay'adda caafimaadka adduunka ee 2005, qiyaastii 97.9% haweenka iyo gabdhaha Soomaaliya ayaa lagu sameeyay gudniinka fircooniga ah, caadada guurka ka hor inta badan waxay ku dhacdaa Geeska Afrika iyo qaybo ka mid ah Bariga dhow. Waxaa dhiirigeliyay haweenka bulshada dhexdeeda, waxaa ugu horayn loogu talagalay in la ilaaliyo dhawrsanaanta, laga hortago sinada, lagana ilaaliyo weerarka.  Sannadkii 2013, UNICEF oo kaashanaysa maamullada Soomaaliya ayaa sheegtay in heerka baahsanaanta ee gabdhaha da'doodu u dhaxayso 1- ilaa 14-sano ee ku nool gobollada waqooyi ee Puntland iyo Somaliland ay hoos ugu dhacday 25% ka dib olole wacyigelin bulsho iyo diineed ah.  Qiyaastii 93% ragga Soomaaliyeed ayaa sidoo kale la sheegay in la guday
Soomaaliya ayaa ka mid ah kuwa ugu hooseeya heerka caabuqa HIV ee qaaradda. Taasna waxaa loo aaneynayaa dabeecadda Muslimka ah ee bulshada Soomaaliyeed iyo ku-dhaqanka Soomaalida ku dhaqanka akhlaaqda Islaamka. Iyadoo lagu qiyaasay heerka faafidda HIV ee Soomaaliya 1987 (sannadkii warbixinta kiiskii ugu horreeyay) uu ahaa 1% dadka waaweyn,  warbixin 2012 ka soo baxday UNAIDS ayaa sheegaysa in tan iyo 2004, qiyaasaha laga soo bilaabo 0.7% ilaa 1.0% la qiyaasay. 
In kasta oo daryeelka caafimaadku hadda inta badan ku urursan yahay ganacsiga gaarka loo leeyahay, nidaamka daryeelka caafimaadka guud ee dalku waxa uu ku socdaa dib-u-dhiskiisa, waxaana dusha kala socota wasaaradda caafimaadka. Wasiirka caafimaadka Qamar Aadan Cali.  Ismaamulka Puntland waxa uu leeyahay Wasaarad u gaar ah Caafimaadka, sida gobolka Somaliland ee waqooyi-galbeed ee Soomaaliya. 
Xarumaha caafimaadka ee dalka caanka ka ah ayaa waxaa ka mid ah Isbitaalka Hooyada iyo Dhallaanka ee Bariga Baardheere , Isbitaalka Hooyada iyo Dhallaanka ee Caabudwaaq , Isbitaalka Hooyada ee Edna Aadan iyo qeybta Hooyada ee Galbeedka Baardheere .
===Waxbarashada===
Wasaaradda Waxbarashada ayaa si rasmi ah uga mas’uul ah waxbarashada Soomaaliya, waxaana ay dusha kala socotaa dugsiyada hoose dhexe , sare ,farsamada iyo farsamada gacanta , iyo sidoo kale tababaridda macallimiinta hoose iyo kuwa farsamada iyo waxbarashada dadban . Qiyaastii 15% ee miisaaniyadda dawladda waxa loo qoondeeyey hab-waxbarasho.  Maamul-goboleedka Puntland iyo Somaliland ayaa iska leh wasaaradaha waxbarashada.
[[File:Mogauniv1.jpg|thumb|Xarunta ugu weyn ee Jaamacadda Muqdisho ee Muqdisho]]
Waxbarashada sare ee Soomaaliya hadda waa mid gaar loo leeyahay. Dhawr jaamacadood oo dalka ku yaala oo ay ku jirto jaamacadda Muqdisho ayaa lagu qiimeeyay 100-ka jaamacadood ee ugu wanaagsan qaaradda Afrika in kasta oo ay jiraan deegaan qallafsan, taasoo lagu tilmaamay inay tahay guul laga gaaray hindisayaal salka ku haya .  Jaamacadaha kale ee sidoo kale bixiya tacliinta sare ee koonfurta waxaa ka mid ah Jaamacadda Banaadir , Jaamacadda Ummadda Soomaaliyeed , Jaamacadda Kismaayo iyo Jaamacadda Gedo . Puntland waxbarashada sare waxaa bixiya Jaamacadaha Puntland iyo Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika . Somaliland waxa bixiya Jaamacada Camuud , Jaamacada Hargeysa , Somaliland Jaamacadda Teknolojiyadda iyo Jaamacadda Burco .
Dugsiyada Qur'aanka (sidoo kale loo yaqaan dugsi quran ama malcamad quran ) ayaa ah nidaamka aasaasiga ah ee barashada diinta dhaqameed. Loo yaqaan habka ugu xasilloon ee deegaanka, nidaamka aan tooska ahayn ee waxbarashada oo bixiya waxbarashada aasaasiga ah ee diinta iyo akhlaaqda, xooggoodu waxay ku tiirsan yihiin taageerada bulshada iyo adeegsigooda agab waxbarasho oo gudaha laga sameeyay oo si weyn loo heli karo. Nadaamka Qur’aanka oo wax lagu baro tirada ugu badan ee ardayda marka loo eego qeybaha kale ee waxbarashada, ayaa inta badan ah nidaamka kaliya ee ay heli karaan Soomaalida reer guuraaga ah marka loo eego magaalooyinka. Si wax looga qabto khaladaadka dhanka culuumta diinta, dowladda Soomaaliya ayaa dhankeeda sidoo kale ka dib dhistay Wasaaradda Awqaafta iyo Arrimaha Islaamka, taasoo hadda lagu maamulo waxbarashada Qur’aanka.

==Dhaqanka==
===Cunto===
[[File:Banadir3.jpg|thumb|Noocyada kala duwan ee cuntooyinka caanka ah ee Soomaalida]]
Cunnada Soomaalidu waa isku dhaf noocyo kala duwan oo cuntooyin ah kuwaas oo laga soo dheegtay dhadhanka Carabta , Hindida iyo Talyaaniga taas oo si toos ah uga dhalatay taariikhda baaxadda leh ee Soomaaliya ee ganacsiga iyo ganacsiga. Tusaalooyinka cuntooyinka Soomaalida waxaa ka mid ah cunnooyinka sida bariiska iyo baasto , iyo hilibka sida wan , lo'da , iyo digaagga . Xawaashyada udgoonka ah sida cumin , karoomada , iyo kiraanta ayaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu siiyo dhadhan kala duwan suxuunta. 
Waxaa barbar socda maraqa , rootiga fidsan , iyo rootiga , cunnada kale ee Soomaalida waa Canjeero /Laxooh , oo ah nooc canjeero khamiir leh oo u eg roodhida fidsan ee laga dhadhamiyo Soomaaliya iyo dalalka deriska ah sida Itoobiya , Eritera iyo Yemen . Additionally, camel meat and milk are considered a delicacy.
Bariiska Soomaaliya oo ah cuntada caadiga ah ee cashada ama qadada , ayaa sida caadiga ah la dhadhamiyey waxaana lagu daraa maaddooyin kala duwan sida hilibka , khudaarta , iyo, si xoogaa gaar ah, sabiib . Maaha wax aan caadi ahayn in saxankan loo soo bandhigo qaab muuqaal ah iyadoo lagu darayo midabyo badan, sababtoo ah qaybo gaar ah ayaa laga yaabaa in si macmal ah loogu dhejiyo hadhka jaalaha ah ama orange-ka iyadoo la adeegsanayo saffron iyo dhir kale si kor loogu qaado bilicdeeda
[[File:Djiboutian rice (bariis) and fish (kalluun), Liver (beerka) with vegetable also (Sabaayad) pancakes.jpg|thumb|Bariis Soomaali ah (bariis) iyo kalluun (kalluun), Beerka (biir) khudaar leh sidoo kale (Sabaayad) canjeelo]]
Xiligii gumaystaha talyaanigu waxa si wayn loo qaatay baastada iyo laasgaabka gaar ahaan koonfurta. 
Shaaha iyo kafeega ayaa sidoo kale runtii caan ah. Soomaalida ayaa ka mid ahaa dadkii hore u qaatay cunista kafeega , waxaana ganacsatada Soomaaliyeed ay ka mid ahaayeen ganacsatadii ugu horreysay ee dhoofisa digirta Kafeega. Qaxwaha Soomaalida, oo gudaha loo yaqaan ' Qahwo ' iyo shaaha 'Shah', ayaa aad uga dhex muuqda habka diyaarinta, kaas oo ku lug leh xulashada xawaashka kala duwan si kor loogu qaado muuqaalkeeda dhadhanka. 
'Xalwo', oo si dhow ula xiriirta Cumaan ' Xalwaa ', waa daweyn jelly-la mid ah oo siman oo lagu sameeyay xawaash , iniin, laws , iyo sonkor la shiiday . Macmacaankan waxa si caadi ah loogu wada adeegaa &quot; Qahwo &quot;. Cunto ka dib, guryaha sida dhaqameedka ah waxaa lagu cadariyaa fooxa ama fooxa ( unsi ), kaas oo lagu diyaariyo gudaha fooxa r loo yaqaan dabqaad .
===Muusiga===
Soomaaliya waxay leedahay hiddaha faneed hodanka ah oo ku qotoma suugaan-dhaqameedka Soomaalida . Heesaha Soomaalida intooda badan waa hal-abuur . Muusiga Soomaaliyeed waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu qaldo dhawaaqyada gobollada u dhow sida Itoobiya, Suudaan ama Jasiiradda Carabta, laakiin ugu dambeyntii waxaa lagu aqoonsan karaa laxankeeda iyo qaababka gaarka ah. Aaladaha dhaqameed ee sida weyn looga dhex muuqday fanka Soomaaliya waxaa ka mid ah oud lute . Inta badan waxaa la socda durbaan yaryar iyo biibiile cawsduur ah oo gadaal ka ah. Heesaha Soomaalidu inta badan waa wax ka dhasha wada shaqaynta ka dhaxaysa hal-abuurayaasha ( midho ), abwaannada ( laxan ) iyo fannaaniinta ( codka ama &quot;codadka&quot;)

===Suugaanta===
Bulshada Soomaaliyeed ayaa sanadihii lasoo dhaafay ahaa ilo ay ka soo jeedaan abwaanno, qorayaal iyo hal-abuuro caan ah, kuwaas oo qayb weyn ka qaatay soo saarista iyo qaabaynta hab-raacyada aqoonta iyo dhaqanka Muslimiinta, mana aha oo kaliya Geeska Afrika ee waxa ay gaadheen meelo fog-fog oo ka mid ah Jasiiradda Carabta iyo gobollada kale ee adduunka. Soomaaliya waxaa sidoo kale loogu yeeraa, oo ay ka mid yihiin, qoraaga Kanadiyaan ah iyo aqoonyahanada Margaret Laurence , &quot;Qaranka Abwaanada &quot; iyo &quot;Qaranka Baadiyada &quot;. Sahmiye iyo qoraa Ingiriis oo caan ah Richard Burton ayaa si hufan wax uga qoray Soomaaliya:
Dalku wuxuu la socdaa, 'Abwaanada,  nin kastaa wuxuu leeyahay mawqifkiisa la aqoonsan yahay ee suugaanta sida saxda ah ee loo qeexay sida in dib loo eegay qarniyo joornaal ah - dhegta wanaagsan ee dadkani waxay keenaysaa in ay qaataan raaxada ugu weyn ee dhawaaqyada iswaafaqsan iyo tibaaxaha maansada, halka tiro been ah ama weedh qallafsan ay ku kicinayaan.&quot;

===Casri ah===
[[File:Hadrawi.jpg|thumb|Abwaan , faylasuuf iyo hal-abuure, Maxamed Ibraahim Warsame (Hadraawi)]]
Markii la qaatay farta laatiinka sannadkii 1972-kii oo laga dhigay halbeegga alifbeetada qaranka, waxaa kaloo soo saaray qorayaal Soomaali ah oo aad u tiro badan, kuwaas oo qaarkood sumcad weyn ku helay caalamka oo dhan. Qorayaashan casriga ah, Nuruddin Farah waa kan ugu caansan, isagoo helay, abaal-marinno kale, 1998-kii Neustadt ee abaalmarinta caalamiga ah ee suugaanta .  Faarax MJ Cawl waa qoraa kale oo caan ah oo Soomaaliyeed oo caan ku ahaa sheeko-qoraalkiisii ​​xilligii Dervish , Jahligu waa cadowga jacaylka . Waxa kale oo maansada Soomaalidu aad u kobcaysay wakhtigan iyadoo Hadraawi uu sumcad qaran ku helay tiraabtiisa iyo maansadiisa.
===Ciyaaraha===
Kubadda cagta waa ciyaaraha ugu caansan Soomaaliya. Tartamada gudaha ee muhiimka ah ayaa ah horyaalka Soomaaliya iyo koobka Soomaaliya , iyadoo xulka qaranka Soomaaliya uu ciyaaro heer caalami.
Kubadda kolayga ayaa sidoo kale laga ciyaaraa dalka. Horyaalkii FIBA ​​Africa 1981 ayaa lagu qabtay magaalada Muqdisho 15 ilaa 23 December 1981, xiligaasi oo xulka qaranka kubada koleyga ay heleen bilada maarta ah. 
Sannadkii 2013-kii, waxaa magaalada Borlänge laga dhisay koox qaran oo ka tirsan kooxaha burcad badeeda Soomaalida . Waxa ay ka qaybgashay tartankii Horyaalka Adduunka ee Bandy 2014.
Dhanka fanka dagaalka waxaa billad qalin ah iyo kaalinta afraad ku qaatay Faysal Jeylaani Aweys iyo Maxamed Deeq Cabdulle oo ka tirsan xulka qaranka Teekwondo-ga , waxayna ku guuleysteen koobka Taekwondo-ga Adduunka ee 2013 ee Tongeren Intaa waxaa dheer, Maxamed Jaamac waxa uu ku guuleystay labada koob ee adduunka iyo Yurub ee K-1 iyo feerka Thai .

===Dhismaha===
[[File:Gondereshe2008.jpg|thumb|Qasriga Gondershe]]
Qaab-dhismeedka Soomaalidu waa dhaqan qani ah oo kala duwan oo xagga injineernimada iyo naqshadeynta ah. Iyadoo la eegayo wakhtiyadii hore ee qadiimiga ahaa, dhexe iyo kuwii hore ee casriga ahaa ee dalka, waxa kale oo ay soo dhawaynaysaa isku dhafka qaab dhismeedka Somali-Islaamka oo leh nashqado casri ah oo reer galbeed ah.
Soomaalidii hore, dhismooyinka haramka ah ee Soomaalidu u taqaan Taalo waxay ahaayeen qaab caan ah oo lagu aaso, iyadoo boqolaal ka mid ah taallooyinkii dhagaxaanta qallalan ay maanta ku baahsan yihiin dalka. Guryo ayaa laga dhisay dhagxaan lebisan oo la mid ah kuwii Masar hore . Waxa kale oo jira tusaaleyaal barxadaha iyo darbiyada waaweyn ee dhagaxa ah ee lagu soo dejiyey deegaamada, sida darbiga Wargade.
Qaadashada Islaamka ee taariikhda dhexe ee hore ee Soomaaliya waxa ay Islaamku ka keentay Carabta iyo Faaris . Tani waxay kicisay isbeddelka dhismaha ee dhagaxa engegan iyo agabka kale ee la xidhiidha oo loo beddelay dhagaxa kooraska , lebennada qorraxda qallalan , iyo isticmaalka baahsan ee dhagaxa nuuradda ee dhismaha Soomaalida. Qaar badan oo ka mid ah naqshadaha cusub ee naqshadaha, sida masaajidda, ayaa lagu dhisay burburka dhismooyinkii hore, dhaqankaas oo socon doona qarniyada soo socda.

==Sidoo kale eeg==
[[Warbixin Soomaaliya]]
==Taariikh nololeed==
{{Refbegin|30em}}
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{{Refend}}

==Xusuusin==
{{lang-so|Soomaaliya}}
{{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|m|ɑː|l|i|ə|audio=Somalia pronunciation (English).wav}}
'''Soomaali:''' Soomaaliya [soːmaːlija], qoraalka Osmanya: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; Carabi: الصومال, la turjumay: aṣ-Ṣūmāl  
'''Soomaali rasmi ah:''' Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya; Carabi: جمهورية الصومال الفيدرالية

Xuduudka Jabuuti–Soomaaliya waxaa si sharci ah u maamula Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya oo si caalami ah loo aqoonsan yahay, laakiin dhab ahaan waxaa gacanta ku haya

==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist}}
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[https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/MostUsed/ &quot;Qaramada Midoobay, Waaxda Dhaqaalaha iyo Arrimaha Bulshada, Qaybta Dadweynaha (2022). Rajada Dadweynaha Adduunka&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/MostUsed/ |date=20220711213112 }}
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[https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april &quot;Database-ka Muuqaalka Dhaqaalaha Adduunka, Abriil 2025&quot;]
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*[https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf &quot;Warbixinta Horumarinta Aadanaha 2025&quot;]
*[https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs Waaxda Dhaqaalaha iyo Arrimaha Bulshada ee Qaramada Midoobay]
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*[https://books.google.com/books?id=R0pyAAAAMAAJ&amp;dq=Somali+arab+ties&amp;pg=PA235 &lt;nowiki&gt;Buug-gacmeedka Aagga Soomaaliya: La-qorayaasha: Irving Kaplan [et al.] Cilmi-baadhis iyo qoraal ayaa la dhammaystiray Juun 15, 1969&lt;/nowiki&gt;]
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*[http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/01/31/somalia.election.president/ Islaam qunyar socod ah ayaa loo doortay madaxweynaha Soomaaliya&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/01/31/somalia.election.president/ |date=20090202115625 }}
*[https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/kenyan-troops-seize-al-shabaab-base-in-somalia/455875 &quot;Ciidamada Kenya oo la wareegay saldhigii Al-Shabaab ee Soomaaliya]
*[http://allafrica.com/stories/201208220474.html &quot;Soomaaliya: Ergayga Qaramada Midoobay oo sheegay in la furayo baarlamaanka cusub ee Soomaaliya &quot;Xilligii Taariikhiga ahaa&quot;]
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=L2vXPfRsf04C Dimuqraadiyad Xoolo dhaqato: Daraasad lagu sameeyay Xoolo-dhaqatada iyo Siyaasadda Soomaalida Waqooyi ee Geeska Afrika]
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=hCb6xzeydigC&amp;q=somalia+stillbay+culture&amp;pg=PA201 Dhaqamada Horyaala ee Geeska Afrika: Falanqaynta Casrigii Dhagaxa ee Dhaqanka iyo Cimilada ee Somaliland iyo Qaybaha Bari ee Xabashida]
*[https://archive.org/stream/geographyofherod00whee/geographyofherod00whee_djvu.txt Juqraafiga Herodotus: Waxaa laga soo sawiray Cilmi-baadhisyo Casri ah iyo daahfurkii]
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=YUoNEQAAQBAJ&amp;dq=isaaq+sultanate&amp;pg=PA274 Dabeecadda Is-dilitaanka ee Waddamada Muslinka ah ee u badan: Cudurrada faafa, Waxyaabaha halista ah, iyo Ka-hortagga]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20210111020220/http://togdheernews.com/articles/31/05/2016/taariikhda-saldanada-reer-guuleed-ee-somaliland-abwaanibraahim-rashiid-cismaan-guure-aboor/ &quot;Taariikhda Saldanada Reer Guuleed Ee Somaliland.Abwaan:Ibraahim-rashiid Cismaan Guure (aboor). | Togdheer News Network&quot;]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20210811205734/https://www.hubaalmedia.net/degmada-cusub-ee-dacarta-oo-loogu-wanqalay-munaasibad-kulmisay-madaxda-iyo-haldoorka-somaliland/ &quot;Degmada Cusub Ee Dacarta Oo Loogu Wanqalay Munaasibad Kulmisay Madaxda Iyo Haldoorka Somaliland&quot;]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20231002022805/https://sites.tufts.edu/reinventingpeace/2013/10/22/state-sponsored-violence-and-conflict-under-mahamed-siyad-barre-the-emergence-of-path-dependent-patterns-of-violence/ &quot;Rabshadaha iyo colaadaha ay dowladdu soo qabanqaabisay ee Mahamed Siyaad Barre: soo ifbaxa qaabab rabshado ah oo ku tiirsan waddada&quot;]
*[https://webarchive.archive.unhcr.org/20230604082615/https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6acb654.html &quot;Somalia: Warbixin ku saabsan qabsashadii magaalada Beled Uen ee United Somali Congress (USC) ee dhamaadkii 1990 ama horraantii 1991 iyo dhibaatadii Daarood ee Beled Uen ee askarta USC&quot;]
*[https://inis.iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/40/087/40087878.pdf &quot;Mashruuca Qiimaynta Khayraadka Uranium-ka Caalamiga ah (IUREP) Warbixinta Hawlgalka Wajiga ee Hanuuninta, Soomaaliya&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://inis.iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/40/087/40087878.pdf |date=20200119113709 }}
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=cscbDgqCsOMC&amp;q=harar Cadan oo hoos imanaysa Gumaysiga Ingiriiska, 1839–1967]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131022175949/http://horseedmedia.net/2013/03/06/somalia-moves-forward-at-world-taekwondo-pictures/ &quot;Soomaaliya waxay horay ugu socotaa ciyaaraha Taekwondo-ga aduunka&quot;]
*[http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2010-02-10/others/great-victory-for-malta-in-k1-kickboxing-270164/ &quot;Guul weyn Malta ee K1 Kickboxing&quot;]
*[http://www.cid.harvard.edu/neudc07/docs/neudc07_s1_p02_ahuja.pdf Gudniinka Labka ah iyo AIDS-ka: Saamaynta Dhaqaale-dhaqaale ee Dhibaatada Caafimaadka ee Eric Werker, Amrita Ahuja, iyo Brian Wendell :: NEUDC 2007 Waraaqaha :: Shirarka Horumarinta Jaamacadaha Waqooyi Bari&quot;]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131006071502/http://www.ameinfo.com/176786.html &quot;Dowladda Puntland ee Soomaaliya, Maal-gashiga Lootah ayaa kala saxiixday heshiisyo istiraatijiyadeed oo ku kacaya 170-Dhs]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130928150305/http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Guide_to_Puntland_Election_2009_printer.shtml &quot;Soomaaliya: Hagaha Doorashada Puntland 2009&quot;]
*[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/20/world/africa/20somalia.html &quot;Iyadoo dhibaatada Soomaaliya ay sii kordhayso, ayay khubaradu u arkaan in ay meesha ka maqan tahay gargaarka&quot;]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150109002414/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=6410 &quot;Beesha Caalamka Oo Soo Dhaweysay Madaxweynaha Cusub Ee Maamulka Kumeel Gaarka Ah Ee Koonfur Galbeed Soomaaliya&quot;]
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7802622.stm &quot;Madaxweynihii Soomaaliya oo xilka ka dagay&quot;]
*[http://www.unis.unvienna.org/unis/pressrels/2005/ga10386.html &quot;Furitaanka Doodda Shirka Sannadlaha ah ee Sannadlaha, Xoghayaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay wuxuu ku booriyay Dawladaha xubnaha ka ah inay saxafada u sheegaan wax ka qabashada faqriga, argagixisanimada, xadgudubyada xuquuqda aadanaha, colaadaha&quot;]
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=eJR3RAAACAAJ Dhaxalkii Gumeysiga ee Soomaaliya: Rome iyo Muqdisho: Laga soo bilaabo Maamulkii Gumeysiga ilaa Howlgalkii Rajada soo celinta]
*[http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20120810180135/http://english.alarabiya.net/views/2012/08/08/231008.html &quot;Soomaaliya oo kor u kacaysa labaatan sano oo dagaal sokeeye iyo qalalaase ka socday&quot;]

*
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*
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[https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/al-shabab &quot;Al-Shabab. Council on Foreign Relations&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/al-shabab |date=20210202020617 }}
*
[https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/kenyan-troops-seize-al-shabaab-base-in-somalia/455875 &quot;Kenyan troops seize al-Shabaab base in Somalia. Anadolu Agency&quot;]
*
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[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article418665.ece &quot;Jonathan Clayton. Somalia's secret dumps of toxic waste. The Times&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article418665.ece |date=20110810033244 }}
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* [http://www.businessweek.com/news/2013-08-08/soma-oil-and-gas-may-invest-20-million-to-survey-war-torn-somalia &quot;Soma Oil &amp; Gas May Invest $20 Million to Survey Somalia - Bloomberg&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130825065126/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2013-08-08/soma-oil-and-gas-may-invest-20-million-to-survey-war-torn-somalia |date=20130825065126 }}
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* [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704608104575220570113266984 &quot;Telecom Firms Thrive in Somalia Despite War - The Wall Street Journal&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170718221707/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704608104575220570113266984 |date=20170718221707 }}
* [http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/features/2012/12/11/feature-01 &quot;Radio and electronic media edge out newspapers in Somalia - Sabahi&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121213045204/http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/features/2012/12/11/feature-01 |date=20121213045204 }}
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* [http://news.upu.int/no_cache/nd/international-mail-services-officially-resume-in-somalia/ &quot;International mail services officially resume in Somalia - UPU&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109172506/http://news.upu.int/no_cache/nd/international-mail-services-officially-resume-in-somalia/ |date=20131109172506 }}
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* [http://laanta.net/2012/07/24/somalia-to-revive-national-airline-after-21-years/ &quot;Somalia to revive national airline after 21 years - Laanta&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102150005/http://laanta.net/2012/07/24/somalia-to-revive-national-airline-after-21-years/ |date=20141102150005 }}
* [http://www.keydmedia.net/en/news/article/the_long_awaited_somali_airlines_is_coming_back/ &quot;The long awaited Somali Airlines is Coming Back! - Keydmedia Online&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202231315/http://www.keydmedia.net/en/news/article/the_long_awaited_somali_airlines_is_coming_back/ |date=20131202231315 }}
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* [http://webdev.cal.org/development/co/bantu/sbpeop.html &quot;The Somali Bantu: Their History and Culture&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416191857/http://webdev.cal.org/development/co/bantu/sbpeop.html |date=20140416191857 }}
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* [https://hooyoshouse.medium.com/exploring-the-aromatic-world-of-traditional-somali-spice-blends-3ab93879b74e &quot;Exploring the Aromatic World of Traditional Somali Spice Blends&quot;]
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* {{Harvnb|Diriye Abdullahi|2001|p=109}}
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* [https://www.deliciousisrael.com/blog/lahoh &quot;Yemenite Lahoh (Lachoch)&quot;]
* {{Harvnb|Diriye Abdullahi|2001|page=113}}
* [http://xawaash.com/?p=1548 &quot;Somali Anjero (Canjeero) Anjero Somali | Xawaash.com&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://xawaash.com/?p=1548 |date=20231004063819 }}
* [http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.5367/000000007780223669 &quot;Role of Camels ( Camelus Dromedarius ) in the Traditional Lifestyle of Somali Pastoralists in Northern Kenya&quot;]
* [http://xawaash.com/?p=5892 &quot;Somali Rice Pilaf (Bariis Maraq) Riz Pilaf Somali البيلاف الصومالي&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://xawaash.com/?p=5892 |date=20230923064942 }}
* [https://www.saveur.com/how-lasagna-landed-africa/ &quot;How Lasagna Landed in Africa&quot;]
* [https://www.vice.com/en/article/spaghetti-and-bananas-is-somali-comfort-food/ &quot;Spaghetti and Bananas Is Somali Comfort Food&quot;]
* [https://www.cafedirect.co.uk/shop/the-history-of-coffee/ &quot;The History of Coffee&quot;]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=cscbDgqCsOMC&amp;q=harar &quot;Aden Under British Rule, 1839–1967&quot;]
* [https://www.mysomalifood.com/qahwe/ &quot;Qahwe&quot;]
* [https://archive-stories.com/Halwa-Mahyawa-and-Multiple-Registers-of-Life-in-the-Gulf &quot;Halwa, Mahyawa and Multiple Registers of Life in the Gulf&quot;]
* {{Cite book |last=Abdullahi |first=Mohammed |title=Culture and Customs of Somalia (Culture and Customs of Africa) |url=https://archive.org/details/culturecustomsof00diri |publisher=Greenwood Press |date=2012 |isbn=9780313313332 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/culturecustomsof00diri/page/98 98]–99}}
* [https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/event/p/cid/AFMSM/sid/2399/_/1981_African_Championship_for_Men/index.html &quot;1981 African Championship for Men&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/event/p/cid/AFMSM/sid/2399/_/1981_African_Championship_for_Men/index.html |date=20090907182902 }}
* [http://horseedmedia.net/2013/03/06/somalia-moves-forward-at-world-taekwondo-pictures/ &quot;Somalia moves forward at world Taekwondo&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://horseedmedia.net/2013/03/06/somalia-moves-forward-at-world-taekwondo-pictures/ |date=20131022175949 }}
* [http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2010-02-10/others/great-victory-for-malta-in-k1-kickboxing-270164/ &quot;Great Victory for Malta in K1 Kickboxing&quot;]
* [https://www.britannica.com/place/Somalia &quot;Somalia - Britannica&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Somalia |date=20211112230316 }}
* [https://www.ponarseurasia.org/de-facto-states-unbound/ &quot;De Facto States Unbound – PONARS Eurasia&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.ponarseurasia.org/de-facto-states-unbound/ |date=20221014163003 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Ker-Lindsay |first1=James |title=The Foreign Policy of Counter Secession |date=2012 |isbn=978-0-19-969839-4 |pages=58–59}}
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=9iu6AAAAIAAJ &quot;Ancient Trade and Society - Lionel Casson&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9iu6AAAAIAAJ |date=20160805112006 }}
* {{cite book|last1=Suárez|first1=Jorge Alejandro|title=Geopolítica de lo Desconocido|isbn=979-8393720292|page=227}}
* {{Harvnb|Laitin|1977|p=8}}
* {{cite book|author=Abdisalam M. Issa-Salwe|title=The Collapse of the Somali State|year=1996|isbn=1-874209-91-X|pages=34–35}}
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=PBvfTmzsZ-0C&amp;pg=PA84 &quot;Clan Cleansing in Somalia: The Ruinous Legacy of 1991&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PBvfTmzsZ-0C&amp;pg=PA84 |date=20230207231426 }}
* [https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/Somaliland_Parade &quot;Council on Foreign Relations - Somaliland&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180509080323/https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/Somaliland_Parade |date=20180509080323 }}
* [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/24/world/africa/24somalia.html &quot;Harvard-Educated Technocrat Chosen as Somalia Premier - NYT&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/24/world/africa/24somalia.html |date=20181128005934 }}
* [[suspicious link removed] &quot;Ethiopian Invasion of Somalia, US Warlordism &amp; AU Shame&quot;]
* [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09546553.2016.1165213 &quot;The Evolution of Political Violence: The Case of Somalia's Al-Shabaab&quot;]
* {{Cite book |title=The Rule Is For None But Allah |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2023 |isbn=9780197690390 |page=111}}
* [[suspicious link removed] &quot;The Production of Somali Conflict and the Role of Internal and External Actors&quot;]
* [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/dec/29/somali-president-resigns &quot;Somali president resigns amid power struggle - The Guardian&quot;]
* [http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/01/31/somalia.election.president/ &quot;Moderate Islamist picked as Somali president - CNN&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/01/31/somalia.election.president/ |date=20090202115625 }}
* [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-16979440 &quot;Somalia's al-Shabab join al-Qaeda - BBC News&quot;]
* [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-54690561 &quot;Somalia conflict: Al-Shabab 'collects more revenue than government'&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-54690561 |date=20220928121250 }}
* [https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/al-shabab &quot;Al-Shabab - Council on Foreign Relations&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/al-shabab |date=20210202020617 }}
* [https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/kenyan-troops-seize-al-shabaab-base-in-somalia/455875 &quot;Kenyan troops seize al-Shabaab base in Somalia - Anadolu Agency&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/kenyan-troops-seize-al-shabaab-base-in-somalia/455875 |date=20230930234435 }}
* [http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/indepth/2012-08/02/c_131757152.htm &quot;Somalia's newly-endorsed constitution widely hailed&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/indepth/2012-08/02/c_131757152.htm |date=20131007224547 }}
* [http://www.howwemadeitinafrica.com/mogadishu-east-africas-newest-business-destination/17661/ &quot;Mogadishu: East Africa's newest business destination?&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.howwemadeitinafrica.com/mogadishu-east-africas-newest-business-destination/17661/ |date=20120627101741 }}
* [https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/least-developed-country-category/ldcs-at-a-glance.html &quot;LDCs at a Glance - United Nations&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/least-developed-country-category/ldcs-at-a-glance.html |date=20220329160054 }}
* [http://horseedmedia.net/2013/03/06/somalia-moves-forward-at-world-taekwondo-pictures/ &quot;Somalia moves forward at world Taekwondo&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://horseedmedia.net/2013/03/06/somalia-moves-forward-at-world-taekwondo-pictures/ |date=20131022175949 }}
* [http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2010-02-10/others/great-victory-for-malta-in-k1-kickboxing-270164/ &quot;Great Victory for Malta in K1 Kickboxing&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
{{Library resources box}}
* [https://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SO Saadaasha Horumarka Muhiimka ah ee Soomaaliya] laga helay [[International Futures]]

=== Dawladda ===
* [https://www.somalia.gov.so Albaabka rasmiga ah ee dowladda] – albaabka u furmaya bogagga dowladda
* [https://villasomalia.gov.so/en Madaxtooyada] {{Wayback|url=https://villasomalia.gov.so/en |date=20250715221010 }} – bogga rasmiga ah ee madaxweynaha Soomaaliya
* [https://opm.gov.so Ra’iisul Wasaaraha] – bogga rasmiga ah ee ra’iisul wasaaraha Soomaaliya
* [https://senate.gov.so Aqalka Sare] – bogga rasmiga ah ee Aqalka Sare ee Soomaaliya
* [http://www.parliament.gov.so Baarlamaanka] – bogga rasmiga ah ee Baarlamaanka Federaalka Soomaaliya
* [https://nbs.gov.so Xog-ururin] – bogga rasmiga ah ee Xafiiska Qaranka ee Xog-ururinta Soomaaliya

=== Taariikh ===
* [https://www.somalia.gov.so/about-somalia &quot;Taariikh&quot;] – Taariikhda Soomaaliya ee bogga Dowladda Federaalka Soomaaliya

=== Dalxiis ===
* [https://tourism.gov.so Waaxda Dalxiiska] {{Wayback|url=https://tourism.gov.so/ |date=20230506225038 }} – bogga rasmiga ah ee Waaxda Dalxiiska, Wasaaradda Warfaafinta, Dhaqanka &amp; Dalxiiska

=== Khariidado ===
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  <page>
    <title>Shaah ismaaciil</title>
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      <text bytes="17966" sha1="9obl5wkga7ehcwrtmx5mans765wxy7s" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Portrait of Shah Ismail I. Inscribed &quot;Ismael Sophy Rex Pers&quot;. Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|thumb]]
'''Shaah ismaaciil al-safawi''' (af faari '''''شاه اسماعیل صفوی)''''' waa hogaamiye ka soo jeeday [[iiraan]] kaas oo aasaasay xukunka [[Dawladii safawiyiinta|safawiyiinta]] ee shiicada ahaa&lt;ref&gt;and converted Iran from the Sunnī to the Shīʿī sect of Islām [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ismail-I-shah-of-Iran]، من [[موسوعة بريتانيكا|الموسوعة البريطانية]] (britannica.com) {{استشهاد ويب|مسار=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/296081/Ismail-I|عنوان=نسخة مؤرشفة|تاريخ الوصول=18 نوفمبر 2008|تاريخ أرشيف=27 فبراير 2015|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227003823/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/296081/Ismail-I|حالة المسار=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt; ismaaciil shaah wuxuu dagaalo la galay [[Dawlada Cosmaniya|cusmaaniyiinta]], suldaan [[Saliim koowaad|saliim]] ayaa ku jabiyay [[dagaalkii jaaldiiraan]] 1514tii, waxa uu dhintay ismaaciil shaah 1524, wiilkiis [[Dahmaasib koowaad|dahmaasib]] ayaana xilka kaga dambeeyay.

== Taariikdiisa ==
ismaaciil waxa oo ku dhashay [[ardabiil]] 25 [[Rajab]] sanadkii 892H, miilaadi ahaana 25 [[julaay]] 1487&lt;ref&gt;{{یادکرد وب|عنوان=شاه اسماعیل صفوی|نشانی=http://pajoohe.ir/شاه-اسماعیل-صفوی-892-930-ق__a-31532.aspx|وبگاه=بانک {{Wayback|url=http://pajoohe.ir/شاه-اسماعیل-صفوی-892-930-ق__a-31532.aspx{{!}}وبگاه=بانک |date=20250708233332 }} مقالات علوم اسلامی و انسانی|بازبینی=2019-10-11}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{یادکرد وب|عنوان=بیوگرافی شاه اسماعیل صفوی|نشانی=http://ardabil.irib.ir/-/شاه-اسماعیل-صفوی|وبگاه=صدا{{Dead link|date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} و سیمای اردبیل {{!}}|بازبینی=2019-08-11}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{یادکرد وب|عنوان=شاه اسماعیل صفوی|نشانی=http://daneshnameh.roshd.ir/mavara/mavara-index.php?page=شاه%20اسماعیل%20صفوی&amp;SSOReturnPage=Check&amp;Rand=0|وبگاه=دانشنامه{{Dead link|date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} رشد|بازبینی=2019-08-11}&lt;/ref&gt;, Aabihiisa [[shiikh xeydar]] waxa uu ahaa hogaamiyaha dariiqada safawiyiinta taas oo u nisbo sheegato awowgii sare ee [[safiyu diin al-ardabiili]], hooyadiina waa calamshaah begum oo ah gabar ay dhaleen [[oozoon xasan]] hogaamiyaha aaq qooyonloo iyo tiyudoor gabadha imbiraadoorka daraabazoon&lt;ref&gt;جعفریان، ۲۸:۱۳۷۸و یوسف جمالی، تاریخ تحولات عصر صفوی، ۱۳۸۵:۴۵۰&lt;/ref&gt;, ismaaciil hal sano markuu jiray dawladii ka talineysan dhulka [[iiraan]] ayaa dishay aabihiisa, waxyna xabsiga dhigtay asaga iyo qoyskiisa [[qalcada isdakhra]], halkaas oo ku qaateen afar sano&lt;ref&gt;عالم آرای عباسی، ص ۳۲؛ جهانگشای خاقان، صص ۴۴–۴۶&lt;/ref&gt;, kadib waa la sii daayay, ismaaciil iyo qoyskiisa waxaa soo dhaweeyay talayaha [[laahiijaan]] oo ahaay qof jecel dariiqada safawiyiinta, wuxuuna ag joogay shan sano oo talyahaan si fiican u dhowraayay una daryeelaayay, wuxuu bartay intuu halkaas joogay quraanka, luuqada carabiga iyo mabaadi'da shiicada shiicada imaamiyada, sidoo kale farda fuulka, fanka dagaalka, hogaaminta iyo maamulka.     

=== Dhisida dawlada ===
Waxaa dhacday ismaaciil walaalkiis ka weyn suldaan cali oona ahaa hogaamiyaha dariiqada in la dilay 1493&lt;ref&gt;{{پک|Ghereghlou|2017|ف=New Light on the Early Ṣafavids|ک=JAOS|ص=826|زبان=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;, Taasi oo ka dhigtay ismaaciil inuu yahay hoggaamiyaha cusub ee safawiyiinta. 

ismaaciil labo iyo toban sano markuu jiray wuxuu ku laabtay [[Ardabiil]] ciidan aad u badan oo kumanaan ah ayuuna aruursaday waxaana loo yaqaanay [[qazalbaash]] (madaxya gaduuda), 

[[iiraan]] waqtigaas waxaa ka jiray dagaalo u dhaxeeya qoyska aaq qooyonloo ee maamulka haayay, safawiyiinta ayaa ka faaideyteen fursadaas, waxey suuro galiyeen dagaalo badan ay lagaan inay guulo ka soo hooyaan, magaalooyinka iiraan ayaa mid mid gacantooda ugu soo dhacday, ilaa ay markii dambe qabsadaan [[Tabriz|Tibriiz]] caasimadii aaq qooyonloo sandkii 907H/ 1502, waxa uu  ka geestay xasuuq oo kula beegsaday dadkii ku lug lahaa dilka aabihiis [[Shiikh xeydar|shiiq xeydar]]  

Ismaaciil wuxuu ku dhawaaqay markuu galay [[Tabriz|tabriiz]] ismaaciil dawladiisa cusub, boqortinimo ayaana loo caleemo saaray, wuxuuna shaaciyay madhabka [[Shiica|shiiciga]] inuu yahay kan rasmiga ee dawlada. 

Isla sanadkaas waxa uu hantiyey [[Arzanjaan]] iyo [[Erzarum]] ,  halka sannad ka dib 1503 uu qabsaday [[ciraaq alcjam]], Hal sano ka dib waxa uu qabsaday Mazandaran , Gorgan , iyo Yazd . 1507, wuxuu qabsaday Diyabakir, waxaa sii xigay inuu ku qasbay talyaasha [[kurdistaan]], [[loristaan]] iyo [[khozestaan]] inay noqdaan kuwo hoosyimaada dawladiisa. 

Sanadkii 1508 waxa uu qabsaday [[Baqdaad|Bagdaad]], waxa uuna si toos ah u soo afjaray xukunka [[aaq qooyonloo]] &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.iraqnaa.com/aniraq/saf.htm iraqnaa.com -&amp;nbspiraqnaa Resources and Information&lt;!-- عنوان مولد بالبوت --&gt;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.iraqnaa.com/aniraq/saf.htm |date=20150924040131 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924040131/http://www.iraqnaa.com/aniraq/saf.htm|date=24 سبتمبر 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Dhaqan galinta madhabka shiiciga ==
Ka hor ismaaciil [[iiraan]] waxaa ka jirtay kaliya afar magaalo oo [[Shiica|shiicada]] u badan yihiin, balae ismaaciil markuu qabsaday wuxuu ku dhwaaqay inay [[Shiica|shiicada]] tahay madhabka rasmiga ee dawladiisa, wuxuuna u maray wadooyin kala duwan oo bahalnimo ah qaabkii looga badali lahaa dadka madhabooka&lt;ref&gt;[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=m-Hw_PFOlLsC&amp;pg=PA29&amp;dq=safavid+persia+conversion&amp;lr=&amp;as_brr=3#v=onepage&amp;q=&amp;f=false الشرق الأوسط الحديث : تاريخ سياسي منذ الحرب العالمية الأولى للمؤلف مهران كامراوا الصفحة 29] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405190547/http://books.google.com.au/books?id=m-Hw_PFOlLsC&amp;pg=PA29&amp;dq=safavid+persia+conversion&amp;lr=&amp;as_brr=3|date=05 أبريل 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;, wuxuu amray masaajida khudbada in laga caayo sedexda khulafo [[Abu Bakr|Abuubakar]], [[Cumar (saxaaba)|Cumar]] iyo [[Cusmaan bin Cafaan|cusmaan]], wuxuu qaadan jiray dhamaan hantida suniga masaajidooda iyo mu'sasooyinkooda asigoo ku badali jiray culamo shiico ah oo ka keenay lubnaan &lt;ref&gt;[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=EDdGPxC1stIC&amp;pg=RA1-PA459&amp;dq=safavid+persia+conversion&amp;lr=&amp;as_brr=3&amp;cd=93#v=onepage&amp;q=safavid%20persia%20conversion&amp;f=false موسوعي التاريخي والجغرافي في العالم الإسلامي للمؤلف ن. ك. سينغ الصفحة 90] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201022209/http://books.google.com.au/books?id=EDdGPxC1stIC&amp;pg=RA1-PA459&amp;dq=safavid+persia+conversion&amp;lr=&amp;as_brr=3&amp;cd=93|date=01 فبراير 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=Fz5kgjMDnOIC&amp;pg=PA72&amp;dq=sunni+iran&amp;lr=&amp;as_brr=3&amp;cd=201#v=onepage&amp;q=sunni%20iran&amp;f=false تاريخ العالم الإسلامي للمؤلف فرانسيس روبينسون الصفحة 72] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201022228/http://books.google.com.au/books?id=Fz5kgjMDnOIC&amp;pg=PA72&amp;dq=sunni+iran&amp;lr=&amp;as_brr=3&amp;cd=201|date=01 فبراير 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;, waxaa la dumiyay madarasooyinkooda kutabadoodna waa laga gubay, Culamada [[Sunni|suniga]] ayaa noqday mid la dilay iyo mid ka qaxay [[iiraan]], wuxuu ismaaciil faray xitaa in la faago qubuurta culamada [[Sunni|al-sunaha]] sida qabriga [[Abuu Xaniifa]] iyo [[Cabdul-Qadir Jilani|Cabdu qaadir jeylaani]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://abu-hanefa.blogspot.com جامع أبي حنيفة النعمان رضي الله عنه. (Usamasaad)&lt;!-- عنوان مولد بالبوت --&gt;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010060440/https://abu-hanefa.blogspot.com/|date=10 أكتوبر 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;, Cid kasta oo ka soo horjeestay wuxuu ku xukumnaa dil, sida uu xusay Taariikhyahanka [[Qudbu diin nahrawaali]] wuxuu dilay ismaaciil dad badan oo hal milyan gaaraya&lt;ref&gt;الإعلام بأعلام بيت الله الحرام//النهروالي/ص 284&lt;/ref&gt;,  

== Isku dhaca Ozbek ==
Qabiilada ozbek uu horkacaayay [[muxamad al-sheybaani]] ayaa ahaayeen inay dhiseen dawlad balaaran oo [[Niisaabuur]] caasimad u ahayd ka dib markey ka adkaadeen [[Dawlada Tiimuuriyiinta|tiimuuriyiinta]] 913H/1507, 

Ozbek waxey ahaayeen sunni waxayna il xun ku eegayeen dhaqaqaaqyada ismaaciil iyo sida uu ula dhaqmaayo [[Sunni|sunniga]], hogaamiyahooda Shaybaani wuxuu u qoray ismaaciil fariin oo ugu yeerayo ismaaciil inuu ka tago madhabka [[Shiica|shiiciga]] ah uuna ku laabto [[Sunni|sunniga]] hadii kale uu wajihi doono weerar uu tabar u haayin. 

Shaybaani wuxuu ku sifeesnaa dhiiranaasho laakin ma lahay sidii ismaaciil oo kale dhagar iyo khiyaano xaga dagaalada, ismaaciil ayaa u jiiday dagaal uu soo qorsheeyay, shacbaan 916H ayuu qarxay dagaalka waxaana lagu jabiyay Ozbek&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.tarbikafa.com/2014/12/blog-post_974.html?m=1 |access-date=2022-11-28 |archive-date=2022-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128120130/https://www.tarbikafa.com/2014/12/blog-post_974.html?m=1 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;, Shaybaani ayaa la qabtay oo la dilay isagoo isku dayaya inuu dagaalka ka baxsado, Shaah ismaaciil wuxuu madaxiisa ka dhigay koob wax lagu cabbo oo dahab ah. 

== Jabkiisa jaaldiiraan ==
{{See also|Dagaalkii jaaldiiraan}}sanadkii 1512 waxaa [[Saliim koowaad|saliim]] ayaa ka noqday suldaan [[Dawlada Cosmaniya|cusmaaniyiinta]], waxa uuna ahaa mid indhaha ku haaya qatarta safawiyiinta ka imaan karto, waxaa si isdaba joog ah u soo gaareesay cabshada suniyiinta iyo baaqa culamada ee ahaa ka hortagida safawiyiinta&lt;ref&gt;{{استشهاد بكتاب|مؤلف1=[[علي الصلابي|الصلَّابي، علي مُحمَّد]]|عنوان=الدولة العُثمانيَّة: عوامل النُهُوض وأسباب السُقُوط|طبعة=الأولى|صفحة=179|سنة=[[1421هـ]] - [[2001]]م|ناشر=دار التوزيع والنشر الإسلاميَّة|مسار=https://archive.org/details/waq60668/page/n177/mode/2up|isbn=9772653141|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407205305/https://archive.org/details/waq60668/page/n177/mode/2up|تاريخ أرشيف=7 أبريل 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;منجم5&quot;&gt;{{استشهاد بكتاب|مؤلف1=[[أحمد منجم باشي|مُنجِّم باشي، أحمد بن لُطف الله السلانيكي الرُّومي المولوي الصدِّيقي]]|مؤلف2=دراسة وتحقيق: د. غسَّان بن عليّ الرمَّال|عنوان=كتاب جامع الدُول: قسم سلاطين آل عُثمان إلى سنة 1083هـ|صفحة=639 - 644|سنة=[[1430 هـ|1430هـ]] - [[2009]]م|ناشر=دار الشفق لِلطباعة والنشر|مكان=[[بيروت]] - [[لبنان|لُبنان]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; intaa waxaa dheeraa koox ducaat ah oo [[Dawladii safawiyiinta|safawiyiinta]] ku fikir ahaa kuwaas oo dhulalka [[cusmaaniyiinta]] ka waday faafinta taageerida safawiyiinta, saliim ayaa ka cabsaday gudaha dawladiis inay fawdo ka bilaabato sidaas darteed waxa uu faray in la laayo shiico badan oo gaareyso 40kun, kuwaas oo looga shakiyay inay xariir la sameeyeen shaah ismaaciil&lt;ref group=&quot;en&quot;&gt;{{استشهاد بموسوعة|الفصل=ČĀLDERĀN|الأخير1=McCaffrey|الأول1=Michael J.|مسار=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/calderan-battle|موسوعة=Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, Fasc. 6|صفحات=656–658|سنة=1990|عنوان=Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica&lt;!-- عنوان مولد بالبوت --&gt;|تاريخ الوصول=2021-07-22|لغة=en-US|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712134805/https://iranicaonline.org/articles/calderan-battle|تاريخ أرشيف=2021-07-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;, kadib wuxuu iclaamiyay la dagaalanka [[Dawladii safawiyiinta|Safawiyiinta]]&lt;ref&gt;{{استشهاد بكتاب|مؤلف1=رضوان، نبيل عبد الحي|عنوان=جُهُود العُثمانيين لِإنقاذ الأندلُس واسترداده في مطلع العصر الحديث|طبعة=الأولى|صفحة=435|سنة=[[1408هـ]] - [[1988]]م|ناشر=مكتبة الطالب الجامعي|مكان=[[مكة|مكَّة]] - [[السعودية|السُعُوديَّة]]|مسار=https://www.noor-book.com/%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B0-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%B3-%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB-%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%8A-%D8%B1%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-pdf|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516014833/https://www.noor-book.com/%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B0-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%B3-%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB-%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%8A-%D8%B1%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-pdf|تاريخ أرشيف=16 مايو 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{استشهاد بكتاب|مؤلف1=فريدون بك، أحمد|عنوان=مجموعه مُنشآت السلاطين|المجلد=جلد اوَّل|صفحة=379 - 380|سنة=[[1275هـ]]|ناشر=دار الطباعة العامرة|مكان=[[إسطنبول|إستانبول]]|لغة=ota|مسار=https://curiosity.lib.harvard.edu/islamic-heritage-project/catalog/40-990078556280203941|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216150535/https://curiosity.lib.harvard.edu/islamic-heritage-project/catalog/40-990078556280203941/|تاريخ أرشيف=16 فبراير 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;.  ismaaciil shaah diyaar uma ahayn dagaal sidaas darteed markuu ogaaday in [[Saliim koowaad|saliim]] kusoo wajahan yahay wuxuu kharibay beeraha iyo wadooyinka ee dhaca jidka [[Dawlada Cosmaniya|cusmaaniyiinta]]&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{استشهاد بموسوعة|الفصل=ČĀLDERĀN|الأخير1=McCaffrey|الأول1=Michael J.|مسار=&lt;/nowiki&gt;http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/calderan-battle%7Ceditor-last=%7Ceditor-first=%7Ceditor-link=%7Cموسوعة=Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, Fasc. 6|صفحات=656–658|مكان=|ناشر=|سنة=1990|isbn=|عنوان=Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica&lt;!-- عنوان مولد بالبوت --&gt;|تاريخ الوصول=2021-07-22|لغة=en-US|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712134805/https://iranicaonline.org/articles/calderan-battle%7C&lt;/ref&gt;, laakin cusmaaniyiinta taasi ma celin, wuxuu ahaa [[Saliim koowaad|saliim]] inuu kusii dhex socdo [[iiraan]] ismaaciilna inuu kasii dheeraanayo, ciidankii [[Saliim koowaad|saliim]] ayaa dhibsaday waxay u sheegeen saliim inuu laabto, balse saliim wuu ku adkeestay inuu cadawgiis ka adkaado, '''ismaaciil shaah''' markuu arkay in saliim noqoneyn wuxuu ku qasbanaaday inuu dagaal la galo, waxaa dhex maray 24 [[agoosto]] 1514tii [[Dagaalkii jaaldiiraan|dagaalkii jaaldiraan]] oo si xun loogu jabiyay '''ismaaciil shaah''', badanaa talyaashiis waxay naqdeen qaar la dilay iyo kuwo la qabtay inta la qabtay, waxaa ku jirtay xaaska ismaaciil shaah &lt;ref name=&quot;منجم6&quot;&gt;{{استشهاد بكتاب|مؤلف1=[[أحمد منجم باشي|مُنجِّم باشي، أحمد بن لُطف الله السلانيكي الرُّومي المولوي الصدِّيقي]]|مؤلف2=دراسة وتحقيق: د. غسَّان بن عليّ الرمَّال|عنوان=كتاب جامع الدُول: قسم سلاطين آل عُثمان إلى سنة 1083هـ|صفحة=645 - 651|سنة=[[1430 هـ|1430هـ]] - [[2009]]م|ناشر=دار الشفق لِلطباعة والنشر|&lt;/ref&gt;, ismaaciil oo dhaawac ah ayaa ka cararay meesha.
[[Saliim koowaad|Saliim]] wuxuu tagay [[Tabriz|tibriiz]] caasimada [[Dawladii safawiyiinta|safawiyiinta]] [[Rajab]] 14 920H, wuxuu qabsaday khasnadaha ismaaciil shaah, wuxuu rabay inuu horay usii socdo laakin ciidanka inkishaariyiinta ayaa dharseen oo dalbadeen in la laabto wuu ka yeelay, wuxuu kusoo daray dhulka dawlada [[kurdistaan]] iyo [[diyaar bakar]] &lt;ref group=&quot;&quot;&gt;{{استشهاد بموسوعة|الأخير=Özcan|الأول=Abdülkadir|اسم الموسوعة=TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi|عنوان=İDRÎS-i BİTLİSÎ|مسار=https://cdn2.islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/dosya/21/C21007177.pdf|تاريخ=2007|المجلد=21|صفحات=485 {{Wayback|url=https://cdn2.islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/dosya/21/C21007177.pdf{{!}}تاريخ=2007{{!}}المجلد=21{{!}}صفحات=485 |date=20210626234910 }} - 486|مسار أرشيف=https://web.archive.org/web/20210626234910/https://cdn2.islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/dosya/21/C21007177.pdf%7C&lt;/ref&gt;.
== Wixii ka dambeeyay jaaldiiraan ==
Wixii ka dambeeyay [[Dagaalkii jaaldiiraan|jaaldiiraan]] ismaaciil wuxuu galay xaalad nafsiya, murugo badan ayaana la soo daristay, waxa uu ka fariistay dhamaan howlaha dawladiisa asigoo u wakiishay wasiirkiis mirzaa shaah xuseyn, kaliya wuxuu ahaa inuu qasrigiisa iska dhex joogo oo [[khamri]] cabbitaan waqtigiisa ku qaato.

Ismaaciil waxa uu dhintay 23 [[May]] 1524 isaga oo da’diisu yar tahay 36 jir, waxa lagu aasay [[Ardabiil|Ardabil]] awowgiis [[Safiyu diin-ardabiili|safiyu diin]] agtiisa, waxaana beddelay wiilkiisa [[Dahmaasib koowaad|Dahmaasib]].
== Xigasho ==
[[Category:Taariikh]]
[[Category:Boqorada islaamka]]
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Antoine Godet</title>
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      <text bytes="3986" sha1="81332a3op73vnl9co9d7prb4sz7tikh" xml:space="preserve">[[Antoine Godet]] est un réalisateur français et Directeur de la photographie&lt;ref name=&quot;fiche&quot;&gt;[https://www.allocine.fr/personne/fichepersonne_gen_cpersonne=952002.html] : fiche allociné]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;film-documentaire&quot;&gt;[http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_liste_generique/C_121531_F] {{Wayback|url=http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_liste_generique/C_121531_F |date=20221223203326 }} : film-documentaire.fr]&lt;/ref&gt; né le 3 décembre [[1995]] en [[Vendée]]. Il est membre de [[Artwooks Media]], agence audiovisuelle située à [[Nantes]].

==Carrière==
===Débuts===
Il suit des études de cinéma à l'école CinéCréatis à Nantes puis dans la post-production dans une école d'art où il fait la rencontre des réalisateurs [[Dylan Besseau]] et [[Guillaume Gevart]] avec qui, il fonde l'agence audiovisuelle Artwooks Media, spécialisée dans la post-production, la production et réalisation de documentaire. &lt;br&gt;Il se passionne pour le cinéma coréen ainsi que les dramas, dont il s'inspire des chefs-opérateurs issu de ce pays. Il réalise en [[2019]] son premier court-métrage avec l'actrice [[Léa Lee]], puis en [[2021]] il occupe le poste de directeur de la photographie sur le documentaire [[La légende de Thierry Mauvignier]].&lt;br&gt; En [[2023]] il dirige la photographie sur le documentaire [[Les Vénus Enchaînées]] et [[Anne Bouillon : Justice pour toutes !]].

== Filmographie ==

=== Acteurs ===
* [[2019]] : ''Breakthrough'' de [[Dylan Besseau]]

=== Réalisateur ===
* [[2019]] : ''Dream'', court-métrage
* [[2022]] : ''Entretien avec Thierry Mauvignier'', court-métrage&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Entretien avec Thierry Mauvignier |url=https://www.reelhouse.org/artwooks/la-legende-de-thierry-mauvignier881 |access-date=2022-12-23 |archive-date=2022-06-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626230351/https://www.reelhouse.org/artwooks/la-legende-de-thierry-mauvignier881 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[2022]] : ''[[The Alpine]]'', court-métrage

=== Chef-Opérateur ===
* [[2018]] : ''Sanctorum'', de [[Romain Plourde]], long-métrage fiction
* [[2019]] : ''[[Yearning Rose]]'', de [[Guillaume Gevart]], long-métrage fiction
* [[2021]] : ''[[La légende de Thierry Mauvignier]]'', de [[Dylan Besseau]], long-métrage documentaire
* [[2022]] : ''[[The Sozo Girl]]'', court-métrage
* [[2022]] : ''[[The Alpine]]'' court-métrage
* [[2023]] : ''[[Anne Bouillon : Justice pour toutes !]]'' : moyen-métrage documentaire de Dylan Besseau
* [[2023]] : ''[[Les Vénus Enchaînées]], moyen-métrage documentaire de Guillaume Gevart

=== Producteur === 
* [[2022]] : ''[[Rotary International]] : Qui sert le mieux, profite le plus'', court-métrage documentaire&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YzybF-PHXwA YouTube.com]&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Nominations ==
''' Court-métrage Sanctorum ''' de [[Romain Plourde]] en tant que [[directeur de la photographie]]
*Sélection Officielle Sanctorum [https://liftoff.network/first-time-filmmakers-showcase/ Lifft-Of Global Network First-Time Filmmaker Session 2019] {{Angleterre|domaine=Gentilé|genre=masculin}} &lt;br&gt;
''' Court-métrage The Sozo Girl ''' de [[Dylan Besseau]] en tant que [[directeur de la photographie]]
*Sélection Officielle [[The Sozo Girl]] [https://liftoff.network/ Lifft-Of Filmmaker Session [[Pinewood Studios]] 2022] {{Angleterre|domaine=Gentilé|genre=masculin}} &lt;br&gt;
*Sélection Officielle [[The Sozo Girl]] [https://filmmakers.festhome.com/fr/festival/the-paus-premieres-festival The Paus Premieres Festival 2022] {{Angleterre|domaine=Gentilé|genre=masculin}} &lt;br&gt;

== Notes et références ==
=== Notes ===
&lt;references group=N /&gt;
=== Références ===
{{Références|colonnes=2}}

=== Liens externes ===
{{DEFAULTSORT:Godet, Antoine}}
[[Catégorie:Acteur français de cinéma]]
[[Catégorie:Réalisateur français]]
[[Catégorie:Chef opérateur français]]
[[Catégorie:Producteur français de cinéma]]
[[Catégorie:Personnalité du cinéma]]
[[Catégorie:Naissance en 1995]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cabdulqaadir Maxamed cabdullaahi</title>
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      <text bytes="6678" sha1="e7e34ydrg9ojvw8lc7964z38jjniq4i" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|style=Sheekh|image=File:الدكتور عبدالقادر محمد عبدالله 2007.jpg|name=cabdulqaadir Maxamed cabdullaahi Samantar|birth_date=1949|birth_place=Gaalkacyo, Soomaaliya|death_date=2009|death_place=jabuuti|death cause=Beer Qolofoow|nationality=Soomaali|other names=Garre|education=Phd. jaamacada umul quraa|occupation=Maamulaha jaamacada Bariga Afrika|years active=1999 - 2008|religion=Islam|othername=عبدالقادر محمد عبدالله}}

'''C/qaadir Maxamed C/llaahi Samatar''' oo ah Sheekh [[Soomaaliya|Soomaaliyeed]], waa aas-aasaha [[Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika]] ee magaalada [[Boosaaso]] ee dalka [[Soomaaliya]], waxa uu shahaado phd ku saanbsan [[Ictiqaad|ictiqaadka]] ka qaatay Jaamacadda Umm Al-Qura oo ku taalla [[Makkah]] al mukarramah , ee dalka [[Sacuudi Carabiya|sucuudi carabiya]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.quranicthought.com/ar/books/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%82%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7/ |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220104826/https://www.quranicthought.com/ar/books/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%82%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;   .

== Dhalashadiisii iyo Yaraantiisii ==
Wuxuu ku dhashay magaalada Gaalkacyo ee bartamaha Soomaaliya sanadkii [[1949|1949-kii]], wuxuuna ku noolaa Dagmada [[Eyl]] ee gobolka Nugaal, kadib wuxuu u guuray caasimadda Soomaaliya ee [[Muqdisho]], isagoo lix iyo toban jir ah dugsiga hoose dhexe wuxuu ku qaatay, dugsiga hoose dhexe ee xamar, ka dibna wuxuu ka baxay mahadka kalkaalinta caafimaadka, wakhti koobanna wuxuu ku shaqeeyay kalkaaliyanimo, Dugsiga sare ee 15may ayuu 1974kii ka qalanjabiyay, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa dhallinyaradii xilli hore la jaanqaadday saxwada islaamiga ah, wuxuuna 1976kii u baxdsaday dhinaca Kenya ka dib markii kacaanku olole xirxirid ah ku qaaday dhallinyaradii dacwada. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://somalitalk.com/2009/10/18/dr-cqaadir-garre-oo-saaka-ku-geeriyooday-jabuuti/ |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230219120735/http://somalitalk.com/2009/10/18/dr-cqaadir-garre-oo-saaka-ku-geeriyooday-jabuuti/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== noloshiisa waxbarasho ==

* wuxuu arday ka noqday 1977kii jaamacadda umulquraa , gaar ahaan kulliyadda shreecada qeybteeda dacwada, diraasaadkiisii sare  wuxuu ku dhammeystay isla jaamacadda ummulquraa ilaa uu ka qaatay shahaadaha diktooraada(PHD) wuxuuna ku takahasusay cilmiga caqiidada. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.somaliaonline.com/community/topic/45037-on-sheekh-cqaadir-maxamed-cllaahi-garre/ |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305075844/https://www.somaliaonline.com/community/topic/45037-on-sheekh-cqaadir-maxamed-cllaahi-garre/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* wuxuu Master ka qaatay jaamacadda umulquraa sanadkii 1989
* wuxuu phd ka qaatay isla jaamacadda sanadkii 1998

== Qoraaladiisa ==

* موقف شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية من الكرامية في الإلهيات&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://ketabpedia.com/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%82%D9%81-%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9/ |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230219121058/https://ketabpedia.com/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%82%D9%81-%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; - رسالة ماجستير بإشراف الدكتور علي بن نفيع العلياني 
* الانحرافات العقدية في المجتمع الصومالي&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://dorar.uqu.edu.sa//uquui/handle/20.500.12248/121554 |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220114604/https://dorar.uqu.edu.sa//uquui/handle/20.500.12248/121554 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; - رسالة الدكتوراة بإشراف الدكتور علي بن نفيع العلياني

[[File:موقف_شيخ_الإسلام_ابن_تيمية_من_الكرامية_في_الإلهيات.jpg|thumb| Mawqifka uu Sheekh Al-Islaam Ibnu Taymiyah ka taagan yahay Karaamiyaha Dhanka sifaatka eebe]]

== [[Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika]] ==
[[1999]] -kii Dr.Cabdulqaadir Muxamed Cabdullaahi waxa uu u wareegay magaalada [[Boosaaso]] ee [[Soomaaliya|dalka Soomaaliya]]  halkaas oo uu ka aas aasay [[Jaamacadda Bariga Afrika]] oo ay culimo  badan oo uu ka midyayhay ay qeyb ka ahaayeen aasaaska jaamacada, waxaana uu xilka guddoomiyaha Jaamacadda ka hayay ilaa [[2008|2008-dii]]  sidoo kalena wuxuu ka ahaa jaamacada macallin . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://omardrabdulkadir.so/%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%af-%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%af/ |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220104809/https://omardrabdulkadir.so/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== xanuunkiisa iyo dhimashadiisa ==
Waxa uu xanuunkan la ildarnaa sanadihii ugu dambeeyay noloshiisa, waxaana lagu sameeyay qaliino badan, waxaana xanuunkan uu aad ugu xumaaday sanadkii [[2009|2009-kii]], arrinkaasoo keenay in loo qaado Boqortooyada Sacuudiga, balse dhakhaariirtu dheheen waxba lagama qaban karo kadib markii laga helay beer qolofoow . waxayna Dhakhaatiirtu codsadeen in loo qaado dalka Jarmalka, hase ahaatee asagoo ku hakkaday dalka [[jabuuti]] ayuu ku geeryooday  18/10/2009 . &lt;ref&gt;https://arabicpost.net/%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9/2015/12/28/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%B9-%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%82%D9%81/&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Shaqsiyadaad]]
[[Category:Aqoon]]
[[Category:Soomaalida]]
[[Category:Jaamacadaha Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Waxbarashada Soomaaliya]]</text>
      <sha1>e7e34ydrg9ojvw8lc7964z38jjniq4i</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>ChatGPT</title>
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      <text bytes="5039" sha1="jjh38pmtgvbp5xgd7gtxnj2kvkypd3k" xml:space="preserve">'''ChatGPT''' (oo loo soo gaabiyo '''''Chat''' '''G'''enerative '''P'''re-trained '''T'''ransformer'') waa [[sheeko bot]]. Waxaa furay [[OpenAI]] bishii Noofambar 2022.&lt;ref&gt;Roose, K. (2022) The brilliance and weirdness of chatgpt, ''The New York Times''. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/05/technology/chatgpt-ai-twitter.html (Accessed: March 17, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; Barnaamijka waxaa lagu dhisay dusha sare ee qoyska OpenAI ee [[GPT-3.5]] ee noocyada luqadaha waaweyn. Barnaamijka waxaa lagu dhisay dusha sare ee qoyska OpenAI ee GPT-3.5 ee noocyada luqadaha waaweyn. Waxaa si fiican loo habeeyey iyadoo la kormeerayo iyo farsamooyinka barashada xoojinta labadaba.

{{infobox
| title = {{FULLPAGENAME}}
| image = [[File:ChatGPT logo.svg|thumb|center|200px]]
| label1 = Soo-saareyaal
| data1 = [[OpenAI]]
| label2 = Siideynta ugu horreysa
| data2 = Noofembar 30, 2022; 3 bilood ka hor
| label3 = Nooca
| data3 = AI, chatbot
| label4 = Mareegta 
| data4 = Shatiga
| label5 = Websedyada
| data5 = [https://chat.openai.com chat.openai.com]
}}

ChatGPT waxaa la bilaabay Noofembar 2022 waxayna gaartay in ka badan 100 milyan isticmaale Janaayo 2023, laakiin saxnaanteeda aan sinnayn waxay ahayd cillad weyn.&lt;ref&gt;Ropek, L. (2022) CHATGPT is too popular for its own good, ''Gizmodo''. https://gizmodo.com/chatgpt-down-ai-chatbot-1-million-users-1849866029 (Accessed: March 17, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;CHATGPT reaches 100 million users two months after launch (2023) ''The Guardian''. ''Guardian News and Media''. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/feb/02/chatgpt-100-million-users-open-ai-fastest-growing-app (Accessed: March 17, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Vincent, James (5 December 2022).  [https://www.theverge.com/2022/12/5/23493932/chatgpt-ai-generated-answers-temporarily-banned-stack-overflow-llms-dangers &quot;AI-generated answers temporarily banned on coding Q&amp;A site Stack Overflow&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://aitoolstoknow.com/ai-tools/chatgpt-4/ How to use Chatgpt?] {{Wayback|url=https://aitoolstoknow.com/ai-tools/chatgpt-4/ |date=20240919105344 }}&quot;,  ''AI Tools To Know''.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Astaamaha==
ChatGPT wuxuu leeyahay tirooyin badan oo kala duwan oo uu si wanaagsan u adeegsado waxyaabaha qoraalka ee la xiriira dabeecad natiijada ah, sida fahamka luqadda, dhaqdhaqaaqa tifaftirka ah, qorshe cilmiyeed, taageero luqadda kala duwan, fahamka xiriirka xalaynta ah, kala saaridda shaqeeynta, falanqaynta hadal, kor u kacaya macluumaadka, iyo waxyaabaha kale. Waxaa la baran doonaa kuwaas oo dhamaystiran macluumaadka hal-abuurka ah, iyo qalabka uu leeyahay inuu fahamo maana iyo xiriirka ereyada iyo sentensiyada.&lt;ref&gt;''Wordlex''. (2021, September 1). Microsoft launches new Bing chatbot: Use it like this! Retrieved March 18, 2023, from https://wordlex.org/technology/microsoft-launches-new-bing-chatgpt-use-it-like-this/ {{Wayback|url=https://wordlex.org/technology/microsoft-launches-new-bing-chatgpt-use-it-like-this/ |date=20230320184206 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
==Bilowga ==
[[File:ChatGPT_availability_by_country_or_region.svg|thumb|Dalalka Loo Isticmaalay ChatGPT]]

ChatGBT waxaa la bilaabay Noofambar 30, 2022, OpenAI – San Francisco, oo ah abuurayaasha DAL-E iyo WhisperAI. Adeeggan waxaa markii hore loo soo bandhigay dadweynaha bilaash, iyadoo la qorsheeyay in laga faa'iidaysto dambe. Diseembar 4, 2022, ChatGBT waxay lahayd in ka badan hal milyan oo isticmaale. Janaayo 2023, ChatGBT waxay gaartay in ka badan 100 milyan oo isticmaale, taasoo ka dhigaysa abka fariimaha macaamiisha ee ugu kobaca badan ilaa maanta. CNBC ayaa ku warantay Diseembar 15, 2022, in adeeggu wali la kulmayo cillado marmar ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, nooca bilaashka ah ee adeeggu wuu gaabnaa. Inta lagu jiro muddada hawlgalka, waqtiyada jawaab celintu waxay caadi ahaan ka dhakhso badnaayeen shan ilbiriqsi Janaayo 2023. Adeeggu wuxuu si fiican ugu shaqeeyaa Ingiriisiga laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu awood u leeyahay inuu ku shaqeeyo luqado kale, isagoo leh heerar kala duwan oo guul ah. Si ka duwan horumarro kale oo heer sare ah oo dhawaanahan laga sameeyay sirdoonka macmalka ah, laga bilaabo Diseembar 2022, ma jiro wax tilmaamaya warqad farsamo oo rasmi ah oo dib loo eegay oo ku saabsan ChatGPT.

Sida laga soo xigtay cilmi-baaraha martida u ah OpenAI Scott Aronson, OpenAI waxay ka shaqeyneysaa qalab lagu calaamadeeyo nidaamyada qoraalka soo saara si dijitaal ah si loola dagaallamo jilayaasha xun iyadoo adeegyadeeda loo adeegsanayo xatooyada tacliinta ama spam. Shirkaddu waxay ka digaysaa in qalabkan, oo loo yaqaan AI Classifier (qoraalka AI soo saaray), uu u badan yahay inuu soo saaro kala-soocid badan oo khaldan, mararka qaarkoodna kalsooni xad dhaaf ah. Hal tusaale oo lagu soo xigtay The Atlantic ayaa muujiyay in markii la siiyay khadadka furitaanka ee Genesis, barnaamijku uu soo gabagabeeyay in ay u badan tahay inuu soo saaray AI.

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
===Mareeg kale===
* [https://velcono.com/chat-gpt/ Earn Money form Chat GPT] {{Wayback|url=https://velcono.com/chat-gpt/ |date=20230315190429 }}
[[Category:Barnaamij]]
[[Category:Barnaamijka]]
[[Category:Software]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Toogashada Hamburg</title>
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      <text bytes="24058" sha1="dud3ehk1g2g38l5huzo3s9gexzcwjt7" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Königreichssaal Alsterdorf 2023.1.nnw.jpg|thumb|300px|thumb|Dhismaha Hoolka Boqortooyada oo ay toogashadu ka dhacday. Shacabka Hamburg iyo mas’uuliyiin ka tirsan dowladda ayaa albaabka soo dhigay ubax si ay u muujiyaan dareenkooda]]
'''Toogashada Hamburg''', '''Toogasho Ku Weerartay Dad Ka Soo Qayb Galayay Hoolka Boqortooyada ee Hamburg''' - [[toogashada]] ayaa dhacday Maarso 9, [[2023]] magaalada [[Hamburg]] ee dalka [[Jarmalka]].

Natiijo ahaan, 8 qof ayaa ku dhintay (oo ay ku jiraan dembiilaha iyo ilmaha uurka ku jira) iyo 9 dhaawac ah, oo ay ku jiraan 4 dhaawac halis ah.

„Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah weligood ma dilin kuwa kale. Dhanka kale, siyaasad ahaan waanu dhex dhexaad ka noqonay kana fogaa dagaal.”

== Dabcan ==
Abaaro 21:00 Waxa uu riday ilaa 130 xabo. Kadib shirkii diinta ee Jamaacada Hamburg-Winterhude (oo ka kooban 67 xubnood) oo socday 19:00 fiidnimo ilaa 20:45 fiidnimo, waxa dabaqa hoose ee Hoolka Boqortooyada taagnaa 36 qof (marka laga reebo fiidnimadii Khamiista, 25 qof ayaa ku xidhnaa Internetka, kulanku wuxuu dhamaaday 8:45 galabnimo, ka dibna baahinta ayaa dhammaatay). Ka qaybgalayaashu weli way sheekeysanayeen oo isu diyaarinayeen inay baxaan. Nin weerarka soo qaaday oo ka soo baxay dhismaha ayaa rasaas ku furay gaadhiga baxayay oo ku sugnaa goobta baabuurta la dhigto abaaro 21:00 fiidnimo. Dembiilaha ayaa marka hore rasaas ku furay mid ka mid ah baabuurtii yaalay barxadda baabuurta la dhigto ee banaanka dhismaha, balse haweeneydii waday oo ku sii jeeday guriga markii uu kulanka dhamaaday ayaa waxaa u suurtagashay in ay ka baxsato dhaawac fudud, waxayna markiiba la xiriirtay booliska. 10 xabo ayaa laga helay gaariga. Kadib waxa uu rasaas badan ka riday daaqada qolka dabaqa hoose. Dembiilaha ayaa intaa kadib gudaha u galay dhismaha waxaana uu dil iyo dhaawac u geystay dad badan. Inta uu dambigu ku guda jiro, waxa uu eryay sagaal joornaal 15 wareeg ah, oo u dhiganta 135 wareeg. Waxa uu shandaddiisa ku sitay 22 joornaal oo kale oo buuxo, laba kalena wuu watay. Waxa loo diyaariyay in uu rido 585 xabo.

Qaar ka mid ah dadkii meesha joogay ayaa kuwa kale ku ilaashaday jirkooda iyagoo isku tuuraya kuwa kale, oo ay la ildaran yihiin geeridooda. Mid ka mid ah Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ayaa ku guuleystay inuu damiyo nalka ka hor inta aan la toogan, isagoo badbaadiyay qaar badan oo ka mid ah dadkii goobta ku sugnaa. Dab-demiska iyo booliiska ayaa helay 47 taleefoon laga soo bilaabo 21:04, 21:08 waxaa goobta yimid baabuurtii ugu horreysay ee booliiska iyo adeegga gurmadka, 21:09-kii waxaa meel u dhow soo gaaray cutubyo gaar ah oo ka tirsan booliiska Hamburg. Ciidamada booliska ayaa galay dhismaha sacada 21:11. Dembiilaha ayaa u baxsaday dabaqa koowaad ee dhismaha, halkaasi oo uu isku toogtay caloosha, isagoo is dilay.

Afhayeenka booliiska Holger Vehren ayaa sheegay in aysan jirin wax rasaas ah oo ay rideen booliiska laftooda. 953 sarkaal oo booliis ah ayaa la geeyay, oo ay ku jiraan 52 sarkaal oo ka kala socda Booliska Federaalka iyo Ciidamada gaarka ah ee Schleswig-Holstein. Tan iyo markii hore ma cadda in dembiilaha uu yahay mid ama in ka badan, abbaare 10:30 p.m., digniin SMS ah ayaa loo soo diray telefoonnada dadka deegaanka. Waxa uu ka hadlay &quot;xaalad nafta halis gelisa&quot;. Matthias Tresp oo ah madaxa howlgalka ayaa carabka ku adkeeyay in falka degdega ah ee booliska ay badbaadiyeen dad badan. Afar rag ah iyo labo dumar ah ayaa waxaa toogtay dambiilaha (iyo gabar aan weli dhalan, uur 28 toddobaad ah, hooyada ayaa badbaaday). Dhammaantood waxay ka tirsan yihiin bulshada diimeed ee Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah. Dhibanayaasha ayaa ah muwaadiniin Jarmal ah oo da'doodu u dhaxayso 23-60. Dhammaantood waxay u dhinteen rasaas. Tirada dadka la dilay ayaa sidoo kale waxaa ku jira nin weerarka geystay oo is dilay.

Sagaal qof oo kale ayaa ku dhaawacantay (Toddobo ka mid ah waxaa soo gaaray dhaawacyo rasaas ah), kuwaas oo afar ka mid ah ay xaaladoodu aad u liidato. Lix ka mid ah waa Jarmal. Todoba ka mid ah dadka dhaawacmay waxay ka soo jeedaan Hamburg iyo laba ka mid ah Schleswig-Holstein. Dadka dhaawacmay ayaa labo ka mid ah waxay u dhasheen dalka [[Yukrayn]], halka mid kalena uu u dhashay dalka [[Yugandha]].

== Dembiilaha ==
Ninka toogashada geystay ayaa lagu magacaabi jiray Philipp Fusz oo 35 jir ahaa; ilaa hadda lama garanayo ujeedadiisa. Sida laga soo xigtay booliiska Hamburg, Janaayo 2023 waxay heleen warqad qarsoodi ah oo soo jeedinaysa inuu hubiyo shatiga hubka. March 10, shir jaraa'id oo gaar ah, taliyaha bilayska Ralf Martin Meyer wuxuu sheegay in sida ku cad warqadda, ninku maskaxiyan buu dhibay laakiin uu iska ilaalinayay in la daweeyo. Horraantii bishii Febraayo, shaqaalaha waaxda hubku waxay sameeyeen kormeer aan la shaacin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma jiraan wax calaamado ah oo muujinaya dhibaatooyinka kaydinta hubka iyo rasaasta. Xaaladda maskaxeed ee qofka la baaray sidoo kale kama welwelin saraakiisha. Laga bilaabo Disembar 12, 2022, wuxuu haystay bastoolad toos ah. Sida laga soo xigtay xafiiska dacwad oogaha, boolisku waxay sidoo kale ka heleen rasaas aad u badan guriga qofka falka geystay. 

== Falcelinta ==
Hogaamiyaha Jarmalka iyo duqii hore ee Hamburg, [[Olaf Scholz]], ayaa ka hadlay &quot;fal arxan darro ah&quot; iyo &quot;war xun oo ka timid Hamburg&quot;. Waxa uu qirtay in warbixinnada naxdinta leh ka dib uu ahaa &quot;hadal la'aan&quot;.

Waxaa sidoo kale tacsi u diray Muslimiinta: dowladda [[Imaaraatka Carabta]], [[Baxrayn]], [[Qatar]], [[Aserbiijaan]], [[Kuwayt]] iyo [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].

Duqa magaalada Hamburg, Peter Tschentscher, ayaa muujiyay sida uu uga xun yahay qoysaska dhibanayaasha, wuxuuna ku tilmaamay warbixinta dhacdadan mid laga naxo. Senetarka Arrimaha Gudaha ee Hamburg Andy Grote ayaa ku tilmaamay &quot;dambigii ugu xumaa ee taariikhda dhow ee Hamburg.&quot; Wasiirka Arrimaha Gudaha Nancy Faeser iyo Madaxweynaha Federaalka [[Frank-Walter Steinmeier]] ayaa sidoo kale muujiyay sida ay uga xun yihiin dhibanayaasha iyo qoysaskooda, ayuu xusay, isagoo ka falcelinaya argagax weyn. wararka Hamburg. &quot;Fikradaydu waxay la jirtaa dhibanayaasha iyo qoysaskooda.&quot; Madaxweynaha Bundestag Bärbel Bas ayaa &quot;ka naxay&quot; falkaas naxariis darrada ah. Fikirkeeda waxay la jiraan dhibanayaasha iyo qoysaskooda, waxayna u mahadcelisay ciidamada gurmadka. Senetarka Hamburg Katharina Fegebank ayaa qortay: “Aad baan uga naxay toogashadii ka dhacday Groß Borstel, taasoo sababtay dhimashada dhowr qof iyo dhaawaca, waxaan tacsi tiiraanyo leh u dirayaa qoysaska iyo asxaabta dhibanayaasha”. Waxaa sidoo kale tacsi u diray kooxaha kubbadda cagta maxalliga ah ee FC St. Pauli iyo Hamburger SV. Ka hor inta aysan bilaaban ciyaartii u dhaxeysay kooxaha FC St. Pauli iyo SpVgg Greuther Fürth ee ku sugnaa garoonka ayaa waxa ay dareemeen aamusnaan hal daqiiqo ah oo lagu xasuusanayo dhibanayaasha toogashada.

Arnold Liebster Foundation ayaa muujiyay dareen qoto dheer. Isagoo ku dhawaaqaya in &quot;dambigii ka dhacay Hamburg waa inaan loo isticmaalin warbixin dhinac ka tirsan. Sharafta dhibbanayaasha waa in la ilaaliyaa (...) Kuwa la dilay waxay ka tirsan yihiin bulshada Masiixiyiinta ah ee nabadda jecel ee Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah, kuwaas oo si isdaba joog ah loo weeraray laguna silciyey Waa wax aan la aqbali karin in fal-dembiyeedkan argagaxa leh loo adeegsado mareeg aan leexleexad lahayn ama wax laga sheego Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la sugo baaritaanka iyo in la ilaaliyo sharafta dhibanayaasha dambigaas. Waxaan ugu baaqaynaa dhammaan muwaadiniinta, gaar ahaan siyaasiyiinta iyo warbaahinta, si ay ugu noolaadaan mas'uuliyadda taariikhiga ah ee Jarmalka ee ku wajahan Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah, oo aan maanta oo keliya ahayn, si ay u muujiyaan midnimada bulshada Masiixiyiinta ah.&quot;

NGO-ga Coordination des Associations iyo Shakhsiyaadka Xoriyadda Damiirka (Coordination des Associations et des Particuliers pour la Liberté de Conscience) ayaa muujiyay &quot;murugada, taageerada iyo wadajirka&quot;, isagoo raaciyay, waxyaabo kale: &quot;Waxaan ka warqabnaa in dhammaan bulshadaada caalamiga ah ay ka xun yihiin Tani waa masiibo ku sii jiri doonta xusuusta dadka oo dhan, waxaan si gaar ah u aragnaa caruurtii ku jirtay masiibadaas naxdinta iyo faham la'aanta ah.

Madaxweynaha Faransiiska [[Emmanuel Macron]] ayaa muujiyay sida uu uga xun yahay &quot;Saxiibada Jarmalka&quot;. Ylva Johansson, oo ah guddoomiyaha Yurub ee arrimaha gudaha, ayaa u mahadcelisay ciidamada booliska oo si degdeg ah uga jawaabay “geesinimo cajiib ah” Dowladda Mareykanka ayaa sidoo kale cambaareysay falkaas oo ay ku tilmaantay “fal aan macno lahayn oo rabshado ah.” Kaniisadaha Katooliga iyo Evangelicalka ayaa sidoo kale muujiyay tacsi.

Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ayaa u tacsiyeeyay qoysaska dhibanayaasha iyo goob-joogayaashii dhibka soo gaaray oo ku sugnaa shabakadooda. Waxay sidoo kale sheegeen in “odayaasha maxalliga ah ay siiyaan raaxada ruuxa xubnaha qoyska iyo asxaabta dhibanayaasha. Waxaan aad uga mahadcelineynaa caawinta geesinimada leh ee booliska iyo adeegyada degdegga ah. Waxaan u ducaynaynaa cid kasta oo ay dhibaatadu saamaysay. Waxaan kalsooni ku qabnaa in Yehowah ah Ilaaha nabada uu sii ahaan doono “meel ay magan galaan wakhtiga dhibaatada” oo uu siin doono xoogga ay u baahan yihiin. “Dhammaan walaalaheenna midaysan waxay u duceeyaan dhammaan dadka dhibaatadu saamaysay. Yehowah waa “qalad maalinta cidhiidhiga ah” wuxuuna ina caawin doonaa wakhtigan adag si aanu u sii wadno caabudidda isaga si nabad ah.” Waxaan aad uga xunnahay weerarkii dhimashada badnaa ee lagu qaaday walaalaheenna Hoolka Boqortooyada ee Hamburg, Jarmalka. Odoyaasha jameecada deegaankaas ayaa daryeel ruuxeed u fidinaya dadka ay dhibaatadu soo gaartay. Waxaan fahamsanahay in mas'uuliyiintu ay wali baarayaan faahfaahinta dembigan. Waxaan ka mahadcelineynaa caawinta geesinimada leh ee ay bixiyeen booliiska iyo adeegyada gurmadka. Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ee adduunka oo dhan ayaa u barooranaya dhibanayaasha dhacdadan naxdinta leh waxayna u duceeyaan qoysaskooda. Waqtigan adag, waxaan ku kalsoonahay rajada kitaabiga ah ee mustaqbalka marka aysan jiri doonin rabshad dambe.&quot; qaar badan ayaa ku jira xaalad naxdin iyo naxdin qoto dheer waxayna helayaan daryeelka maskaxeed iyo ruuxeed ee ugu fiican. Waxa uu u mahad celiyay &quot;Maamulka magaalada iyo adeegyada naga caawiya mar walba iyaga oo si xirfadaysan uga soo baxa waajibaadkooda.&quot; Waxa uu intaa ku daray: “Waxa dhacay waxa uu ahaa mid aad u xun; Qofku wuxuu ku ordaa Hoolka Boqortooyada.

Waxay qaadanaysaa male-awaal yar si loo fahmo waxa ay tahay inay dadkani soo mareen. Laga soo bilaabo wada sheekeysiga aan la yeelanay dadka soo nooleeyay, waxaynu ognahay inta ay le'eg tahay xoogga ay qaadato, naxariis qoto dheer iyo ixtiraam ayaa halkan ka ciyaara. Xataa hadhow, dhammaanteen waan is taageeri doonnaa.” Wuxuu ku baaqay in si weyn loo garab istaago dhibanayaasha, si la mid ah Massimo Introvigne iyo Raffaella Di Marzio.

Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah waxay go'aansadeen in ilaa ay xaaladdu xasiloon tahay, shirarka diimeed ee 47 urur oo ku yaal Hamburg (oo ay ku jiraan ku dhawaad ​​4,000 oo Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah) la qaban doono dhowr maalmood oo qaab muuqaal-conference ah (iyaga oo aan ka qaybgelin kuwa jooga Hoolka Boqortooyada si shaqsi ah) Fiidnimadii Axadda, Maarso 12, shir ayaa loo qabtay qaab muuqaal muuqaal ah, oo ay ka soo qaybgaleen ilaa 1,500 oo qof, oo ay ku jiraan qaar ka mid ah kuwa ku dhaawacmay rugta caafimaadka.

Buug tacsi ah ayaa laga soo saaray hoolka magaalada Hamburg.

== Xafladaha aaska ==
In ka badan 3,300 ayaa ka soo qayb galay xaflada. In ka badan 90,000 oo isku xidh ayaa lagu sameeyay adeega si toos ah.

Marka laga soo tago walaalaheen, waxaa ka soo qeyb galay mas’uuliyiin ka tirsan dowladda iyo wakiillada gurmadka. Waxaa ka mid ahaa Maayarada Koowaad iyo Labaad ee Hamburg, Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka Magaalada Hamburg, Qunsulka Guud ee Mareykanka ee Hamburg, Senatar Arrimaha Gudaha iyo Ciyaaraha, Madaxa Aqalka Senate-ka, Taliyaha Booliska Hamburg, iyo Madaxweyne kuxigeenka Hamburg. Booliiska.

Markay ahayd Maarso 25, 2023, kumannaan xubnood oo ka tirsan bulshada Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ayaa sharfay dhibanayaasha weerarka. In ka badan 3,300 oo Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ah oo ka yimid Hamburg ayaa si shaqsi ah uga soo qayb galay aaska Alsterdorfer Sporthalle ee Hamburg (qiyaastii hal kiilomitir u jirta goobta dembiga), tobanaan kun ayaa aaska ka daawaday Internetka (in ka badan 90,000 oo xiriir). Marka laga soo tago qoysaska dhibanayaasha iyo badbaadayaasha, waxaa jiray wakiillo ka socday in ka badan 50 Hamburg iyo jameeco ku xeeran Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah, iyo sidoo kale wakiilo ka socda maamulka - oo ay ku jiraan Duqa magaalada Peter Tschentscher, ku xigeenka duqa Katharina Fegebank, Madaxweynaha Baarlamaanka Hamburg. Carola Veit, maamulka Waaxda Booliska Hamburg, wakiilada safaaradaha iyo xarumaha kale iyo warbaahinta. Xafladda ayaa ka koobnayd laba qaybood. Midka ugu horreeya - diinta, wuxuu ku bilaabay hees (&quot;Geesinimo, Markhaati!&quot;, oo ka kooban xerada fiirsashada ee Sachsenhausen) oo ay sameeyeen orchestra.

Ka dib, Dirk Ciupek oo ka socda Xafiiska Bartamaha Yurub ee Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ayaa u mahad celiyay bilayska ka hortagay dhibanayaasha kale iyo shaqaalaha caafimaadka ee u daryeelay dhaawacyada si hagar la'aan ah.

Waxa uu ka sheekeeyay muuqaaladii naxdinta lahaa iyo halka ay ku danbeeyeen fiidnimadii naxdinta lahayd, ee ku saabsan Markhaatigii Yehowah oo weli maskaxda ku haya in uu damiyo nalka qolka ay ku sugnaayeen dadka isugu soo baxay, taas oo uu ugu mahad naqay in uu badbaadiyay dad badan, inkasta oo uu naftiisa ku waayey. Wuxuu u sheegay kuwa si badbaado leh ugu garaacay kuwa kale - oo aan badbaaday. Waxa uu u mahad celiyay kalkaalisada oo siisay ehelada marxuumka lanbarkeeda gacanta, waxa uuna balan qaaday in uu wici doono isla marka uu dhibbanuhu indhaha kala qaado. Waxa kale oo uu ku dhawaaqay, &quot;Waxay noqon doontaa nolol ka duwan tii hore, waxay noqon doontaa nolol faaruq ah, madhan oo dhibaysa. &quot;Khudbaddiisa, waxa uu ku tilmaamay dabeecadda iyo dabeecadaha gaarka ah ee dhibbanaha kasta: &quot;Waxaan tabaynaa Dan, kartidiisa urureed ee weyn, jacaylkiisa dabeecadda, inta badan dhammaan waxaan seegnaa feejignaantiisa wadahadalka iyo boodhka marzipan. Waxaan u xiisnay Stefan, dabeecaddiisa farxadda leh ee Rhineland, oo wadata dharkiisa guud iyo sanduuqa qalabka, waxaan u xiisnay hadiyadihiisii guriga. Waxaan u xiisnay James iyo Marie oo si qurux badan u dheelay. Marie waxay ahayd fanaankeena, waxaan u xiisay dareenkeeda weyn. Waxaan u xiisay Stefanie, qof jecel dadka kale si shuruud la'aan ah, qoto dheer iyo iftiinkooda, waxaan u xiisnay Sebastian, gacmihiisa waaweyn, dhoola cadeyntiisa, faallooyinkiisa gaarka ah ee [[Kitaabka quduska|Kitaabka Qudduuska]] ah, waxaanan tabaynaa Romi yar oo ahaa toddoba bilood oo keliya uurkii hooyadiis oo shirku aad u sugayey. Waxa uu sidoo kale yiri: &quot;Waan u xiisnay iyaga, jacaylkooda, dhoola cadeyntooda, wax walba. Haa, waan u xiisnay meydkayaga, waanu u barooranaynaa kuwii dhintay. Waxay ahaan doonaan qayb naga mid ah .... &quot;Waan ka hadalnay rabshadaha iyo naxariis darada. Ma jiraan erayo loogu talagalay…”. &quot;Wuxuu ahaa weerar nagu soo qaaday dhowr naga mid ah, balse waa weerar nagu soo qaaday dhammaanteen&quot; (...) &quot;Ha u ogolaan naftaada in xumaan lagu jebiyo,&quot; ayuu yiri, isagoo la hadlayay xubnaha qoyska dhibbanayaasha. Dirk Ciupek
Hadalkiisii xusuusta ahaa ee dareenka badnaa. Ciupek wuxuu yiri: &quot;Weerarkii 9-kii Maarso ma ahayn oo keliya weerar lagu qaaday dhowr qof. Wuxuu ahaa weerar dhammaanteen nagu soo wajahan. Waxaan maanta halkan u nimid inaan jawaab ka bixinno nacaybka iyo rabshadaha. Waa jawaab ka kooban jacayl iyo naxariis iyo naxariis, sidoo kale jawaab rajo iyo iimaan. ‘Yaan sharku kaa adkaan,’ waxaynu ku akhrinaynaa Qorniinka Quduuska ah, ‘laakiin sharka wanaagga kaga adkaada.’ Kani waa go'aankeenna. Waana sababta aan maanta halkan u nimid”.

Dhageystayaashu waxay wadaageen dareen gaar ah oo qiiro leh markii Ciupek uu xusay dhibane kasta magaciisa, isagoo leh: &quot;Waxaan sidoo kale halkan u nimid inaan macsalaameyno, xusno, oo aan macsalaameyno Stephan, Sebastian, James iyo Marie, ilaa Stephanie, Dan , iyo Romy-yagii yaraa (ilmaha uurka ku jira ee lagu dilay weerarka).&quot; Isagoo la hadlaya saaxiibbadii iyo xubnaha qoyska ee ka badbaaday daawadayaasha, wuxuu yiri: &quot;Waxaan sidoo kale rabnaa inaan garabkiina istaagno, qaraabada qaaliga ahow.&quot;

Intii uu ku guda jiray gunaanadkiisii dhiirri-gelinta ahaa, waxa uu sheegay sifooyin gaar ah oo dhibbanuhu leeyahay oo ay badbaadayaashu tebi doonaan. Isaga oo tixraacaya Muujintii 21:4, 5 (“Ilaah indhahooda ilmo kastuu ka tirtiri doonaa, oo dhimashona mar dambe ma jiri doonto, oo mar dambena ma jiri doonaan murug iyo oohin iyo xanuun toona, waayo, waxyaalihii hore way dhammaadeen.”), wuxuu yidhi: &quot;Haa, waanu tabaynaa kuwii dhintay. Waanu u barooranaynaa kuwii dhintay. Waxay ahaan doonaan qayb naga mid ah. Oo waxaa iman doona maalinta Ilaaheennu bogsiin doono murugada aan haatan dareemayno, maxaa yeelay, isagaa joojin doona. . . . Dhimashadu mar dambe ma jiri doonto. Taasi waa aragtida weyn ee Masiixiyadda. Taasi waa aragtidayada. Dhimashada waa laga adkaan karaa. Dhimashadu maaha inay ku hadasho erayga ugu dambeeya. Erayga ugu dambeeya waxaa ku hadlay Ilaah. . . . Erayga ugu dambeeya ee nolosha Stephan, Sebastian, James iyo Marie, Stephanie, Dan, iyo sidoo kale Romy yar, weli lama hadlin. &quot;

Dhowaan dunida jannay noqon doontaa: Kuwii dhintay waa la soo sarakicin doonaa: ‘Kuwa xabaalaha ku jira dhammaantood codkiisay maqli doonaan, wayna ka soo bixi doonaan.’

Mark Sanderson, oo xubin ka ah Guddiga Xukunka ee Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah, ayaa hadal kooban ku yidhi: “Rajadeena, rumaysadkayada, jacaylkayagu way ka badbaadi karaan masiibada, waxay ka gudbi karaan nacaybka iyo rabshadaha . . . Haddii aan jacayl u muujino kuwa nagu xeeran, waxaynu ka tarjumaynaa rumaysadka aan ku qabno Ilaah.&quot; Sanderson wuxuu u sharxay dhagaystayaashii in Ilaah uusan keenin musiibo macno darro ah. Taa beddelkeeda, waxay yihiin waxa kitaabka Wacdiyuhu ugu yeedhay &quot;dhacdooyin lama filaan ah.&quot; Sanderson wuxuu yiri: &quot;Waa in aynaan ujeedo ka raadin falal aan macno lahayn ama masiibooyinka aan tooska ahayn . . . Rajadayada, rumaysadkayada, jacaylkayaga ayaa ka badbaadi kara masiibada. Waxay ka sare mari karaan nacaybka iyo rabshadaha.” Sidoo kale waxa uu u mahad celiyay ciidamada booliska, kuwa gurmadka deg dega ah iyo bahda caafimaadka ee ka qeyb qaatay caawinta walaalaheen. Barnaamijkan marmarka qaarkood ayaa loogu talagalay in lagu nasiyo dadka dhintay laguna xusuusiyo waxa Kitaabka Quduuska ah ka sheegay dhimashada iyo rajada sarakicidda ee ay lahaayeen dhibanayaasha. Dabaaldegii diiniga ahaa wuxuu ku dhamaaday duco iyo gabay Yehowah Ilaaha ah. Qaybtii labaad ee xaflada waxaa ka hadlay masuuliyiin ka socday maamulka.

Farriin uu akhriyey Duqa Tschentscher, Madaxweynaha Federaalka ee Jarmalka, Frank-Walter Steinmeier, wuxuu qoray: &quot;Maanta waxaan xuseynaa dhibanayaasha dembi weyn (...) Walaalaha, kuwa la jecel yahay, asxaabta, saaxiibada. Noloshoodu waxay ahayd mid aad u adag. Fal bahalnimo ah oo iyaga laga qaaday (…) Falka caynkaas ah wuxuu ina gaadhsiiyaa xadka fahamka, wuu ina cabsiiyaa, wuu na tusaa shaki (…) Ma nihin cidla, kaligaa ma nihin, waxaan helnaa taageero markaan helno. Naxariista iyo isu kaalmaynta (…) Falkan arxan-darrada ah wax kale kuma reebo khasaare, murugo iyo burbur mooyaane, falkan dambiilaha ah waxa uu ahaa mid liddi ku ah waxa dalkeenu u taagan yahay, waxa uu u taagan yahay nidaamkayaga. Waxaan tacsi tiiraanyo leh u diraynaa dhammaan dadka ku nool dalka Jarmalka, waxayna u dirayaan eheladii iyo qaraabadii ay ka geeriyoodeen dadka dhintay.

Markii la soo gaba gabeeyay xuska ayaa waxaa hadalo fagaare ah ka jeediyay qaar ka mid ah mas’uuliyiinta dowladda. Khudbado kala duwan, Duqa Koowaad ee Hamburg, Dr. Peter Tschentscher, iyo Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka Magaalada Hamburg, Carola Veit, ayaa muujiyay dareenkooda shakhsi ahaaneed ee asxaabta iyo qoysaska dhibanayaasha. Dr. Tschentscher waxa uu sheegay in kuwa badbaaday ay “si geesinimo leh ula tacaalayeen murugadooda iyo dhaawacyadooda” sababta oo ah “rumaysad Masiixinimo oo qotodheer”. Waxa kale oo uu akhriyey warqad taageero ah oo uu qoray Madaxweynaha Federaalka ee Jarmalka, Frank-Walter Steinmeier.

Duqa magaalada Tschentscher ayaa ku nuuxnuuxsaday: &quot;Weligay dembi noocan oo kale ah kuma aannu kulmin Hamburg.&quot; Afhayeenka baarlamaanka Veit, iyo kuwo kale ayaa tacsi u diray magaca muwaadiniinta.

Warbaahino badan ayaa goobjoog ka ahaa oo ka warbixiyey adeegga. Xubin ka tirsan shaqaalaha telefishanka ayaa faallo ka bixiyay: &quot;Naxariista dhammaan dadka halkan jooga waa mid aad u cajiib ah.&quot; Waxa uu sharraxay: &quot;Waxaan marti ku ahayn xaflado badan, laakiin waligeen lama arag wax la mid ah jawiga halkan ama qaabka iyo nuxurka khudbadaha.&quot;

Lammaanihii ka badbaaday weerarka ayaa yiri: &quot;Aad bay u wanaagsan tahay inaan ka fikirno rajadayada oo aan marno habka baroorta iyadoo ay ku hareereysan yihiin walaalo badan.&quot;

Walaal ka tirsan kaniisad kale oo ku kulma Hoolka Boqortooyada ee weerarku ka dhacay ayaa sharaxay: “Waxay ahayd muddo dheer oo baroor diiq ah. Waxaan halkan imid anigoo si fudud u daalay dareenkaas murugada ah. Laakin waxay ahayd dhacdo sharaf leh oo cajiib ah. . . Waxaa jiray dareen naxariiseed oo aad u weyn oo laga maqlayay dhammaan bayaannada ka soo baxay walaalaha iyo sidoo kale wakiillada dadweynaha.

Adeegga xusuustu wuxuu ahaa muujin cad oo ah daryeelka jacaylka ee Yehowah. Waxaan ognahay in &quot;Aabbaha naxariista naxariista leh iyo Ilaaha raaxada oo dhan&quot; ay sii wadi doonaan taageerada dhammaan kuwa ay si qoto dheer u saameeyeen toogashadii Hamburg.

* Ilaahay waa mid. Mid la mid ahna ma jiro.
* Ciise waa nebigii Ilaah, ma ahan Ilaaha Qaadirka ah.
* Ilaahay wuu mamnuucay sanam caabudid.
* Binuʼaadanku waxay arki doonaan maalin la xisaabin doono.
* Kuwii dhintay in la tirin karin baa [[Jano#Dhowaan dunida jannay noqon doontaa|Jannada]] lugu soo nooleyn doonaa&lt;ref&gt;[https://wol.jw.org/so/wol/d/r182/lp-so/1102010303 Iimaanka runta ah muxuu yahay?]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Warka ==
* [https://www.jw.org/en/news/jw/region/germany/Thousands-Attend-Memorial-Service-for-Victims-of-the-Hamburg-Shooting/ Thousands Attend Memorial Service for Victims of the Hamburg Shooting]
* [https://www.jw.org/en/news/jw/region/germany/Shooter-Attacks-Attendees-at-Kingdom-Hall-in-Hamburg-Germany/ Shooter Attacks Attendees at Kingdom Hall in Hamburg, Germany]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20230417162721/https://www.europeantimes.news/so/2023/03/jehovahs-ayaa-markhaati-ka-ah-dil-wadareed-ka-dhacay-hamburg-waraysi-uu-la-yeeshay-raffaella-di-marzio/ Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah oo dad badan lagu laayey Hamburg, wareysi lala yeeshay Raffaella Di Marzio]
* [https://www.diblomaasi.com/7-qof-ayaa-lagu-soo-waramayaa-in-lagu-dilay-weerar-ka-dhacay-kaniisad-ku-taalo-hamburg-jarmalka/ 7 qof ayaa lagu soo waramayaa in lagu dilay weerar ka dhacay kaniisad ku taalo Hamburg, Jarmalka] {{Wayback|url=https://www.diblomaasi.com/7-qof-ayaa-lagu-soo-waramayaa-in-lagu-dilay-weerar-ka-dhacay-kaniisad-ku-taalo-hamburg-jarmalka/ |date=20230417165725 }}
* [https://www.jw.org/en/news/jw/region/global/2023-Governing-Body-Update-3/ 2023 Governing Body Update (Warbixintan, xubin ka tirsan Guddiga Xukunka ayaa kula wadaagaya wararka ka yimid Jarmalka)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20241225103108/https://wol.jw.org/so/wol/d/r182/lp-so/502013257 Maxaynan Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah Dagaal uga Qaybqaadan?]
* [https://www.jw.org/en/library/videos/#so/mediaitems/FeaturedLibraryLandingUnpubLangs/pub-whkh_x_VIDEO Maxaa Laga Qabtaa Hoolka Boqortooyada?]
* [https://wol.jw.org/so/wol/d/r182/lp-so/1102012146 Maxaad ka Heli Doontaa Kulammadeenna?]
* [https://apps.jw.org/ui/SO/meeting-search.html#/weekly-meetings Hoolka Boqortooyada (cinwaanka)] {{Wayback|url=https://apps.jw.org/ui/SO/meeting-search.html#/weekly-meetings |date=20211023151240 }}


** [[Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ee Soomaaliya]]
[[Category:Jarmalka]]</text>
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    <title>Rio (filim)</title>
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      <text bytes="3618" sha1="52r0d9xuuritkocrwthp33qkvj7ip3b" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox film|name=Rio|image=Rio (película).svg|director=[[Carlos Saldanha]]|screenplay={{Plain list|
* [[Don Rhymer]]
* [[Joshua Sternin]]
* [[Jennifer Ventimilia]]
* [[Sam Harper]]
}}|story={{Plain list|
* Carlos Saldanha
* Earl Richey Jones
* Todd Jones
}}|producer={{Plain list|
* Bruce Anderson
* John C. Donkin
}}|starring={{Plain list|
* [[Jesse Eisenberg]]
* [[Anne Hathaway]]
* [[will.i.am]]
* [[Jamie Foxx]]
* [[Jemaine Clement]]
* [[Leslie Mann]]
* [[George Lopez]]
* [[Tracy Morgan]]
* [[Wanda Sykes]]
* [[Jane Lynch]]
* [[Judah Friedlander]]
}}&lt;!-- DO NOT CHANGE THIS LIST, THIS IS ACCORDING TO THE CREDIT BLOCK ON THE POSTER! --&gt;|cinematography=Renato Falcão|editing=Harry Hitner|music=[[John Powell]]|studio={{Plain list|
* [[Blue Sky Studios]]
* [[20th Century Fox Animation]]
}}|distributor=[[20th Century Fox]]|released={{Film date|2011|3|22|Lagoa, Rio de Janeiro|2011|4|15|Gobolada Midoobay|ref1=&lt;ref name=&quot;BrazilPremiere&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/animated-3d-film-rio-premieres-in-brazil-favela-2254194.html |title=Animated 3D film 'Rio' premieres in Brazil favela |work=The Independent |location=UK |date=March 26, 2011 |access-date=June 1, 2011 |archive-date=September 28, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120928025028/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/animated-3d-film-rio-premieres-in-brazil-favela-2254194.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;!-- Note: The first release dates, whether it was at a film festival or a public release, and the domestic release date should only be included in the parameter. See WP:FILMRELEASE. --&gt;|runtime=96 daqiiqo|country=[[Gobolada Midoobay]]|language=Ingiriis&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/rio-2011|website=BBFC|title=Rio (2011)|access-date=November 14, 2017|archive-date=November 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171115084329/http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/rio-2011|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;|budget=$90 milyan&lt;ref name=&quot;LABox&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/entertainmentnewsbuzz/2011/04/box-office-rio-scream-4-conspirator.html |title=Movie Projector: 'Rio' should stifle 'Scream 4' |last=Kaufman |first=Amy |work=Los Angeles Times |date=April 14, 2011 |access-date=May 3, 2011 |archive-date=March 7, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307033206/http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/entertainmentnewsbuzz/2011/04/box-office-rio-scream-4-conspirator.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|gross=$484.6 milyan&lt;ref name=&quot;BoxOfficeMojo&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=rio.htm |title=Rio (2011) |work=Box Office Mojo |publisher=IMDb |access-date=September 2, 2011 |archive-date=September 1, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110901233624/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=rio.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

'''''Rio''''' waa filim majaajillo ah oo Maraykan ah 2011.

== Jilayaasha ==

* [[Jesse Eisenberg]] sida Blu
* [[Anne Hathaway]] sida Jewel
* [[will.i.am]] sida Pedro
* [[Jamie Foxx]] sida Nico
* [[George Lopez]] sida Rafael
* [[Tracy Morgan]] sida Luiz
* [[Jemaine Clement]] sida Nigel
* [[Leslie Mann]] sida Linda Gunderson
** Sofia Scarpa Saldanha sida Young Linda Gunderson
* [[Rodrigo Santoro]] sida Dr. Túlio Monteiro
* [[Jake T. Austin]] sida Fernando
* [[Carlos Ponce]] sida Marcel
* [[Jeffrey Garcia]] sida Tipa
* [[Jane Lynch]] sida Alice
* [[Wanda Sykes]] sida Chloe
* [[Bebel Gilberto]] sida Eva
* Bernardo de Paula sida Kipo
* Francisco Ramos sida The Lead Marmoset

== Tixraacyada ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Linkiyo Kale ==

* {{IMDb title|tt1436562}}
{{Stub}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Heinrich Bayer</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="3361" sha1="27p7ix1s2nj3zjlr1blips1vj7ne641" xml:space="preserve">[[Heinrich Bayer]] (wuxuu ku dhashay Sebtembar 30, 1909 gudaha Uchtelfangen; May 15, 1944 ee xabsiga Brandenburg), [[Jarmalka]], wuxuu ahaa dagaalyahan Jarmal ah oo iska caabin ah oo ka soo horjeeda Hantiwadaagga Qaranka. Waxaa la toogtay 1944-kii isagoo ahaa nin diidmo ah.

Nolosha

Bayer wuxuu ku koray Uchtelfangen, halkaas oo uu sidoo kale dhiganayay dugsiga, laga soo bilaabo 1926 wuxuu ka shaqeeyay macdan qodista macdanta Göttelborn. Bayer waxa uu u koray sidii Catholic, laakiin waxa uu la xidhiidhay Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah isaga oo u sii maraya adeerkii horraantii 1940kii. Uchtelfangen wuxuu ka qayb galay shirar sharci-darro ah oo Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah, xaaskiisana way ka cadhootay, wuxuu u wareegay Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah. Bishii Luulyo 15, 1940, waxaa loo diyaariyey Wehrmacht oo la dejiyay Pirna. Halkaas oo uu dhowr jeer ku diiday shaqada ciidanka. Dhanka kale, xaaskiisa ayaa cambaareysay kooxda Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ee Uchtelfangen, kuwaas oo dhammaantood lagu xukumay laba ilaa saddex sano oo xabsi ah.

21-kii Noofambar, 1940-kii, Bayer waxaa lagu xukumay dil ka dib markii ay wiiqday awoodda militariga. Saamaynta xaaskiisa, ayuu ka noqday iimaankiisii ​​oo waa la cafiyay. Xukunkiisa ayaa lagu xukumay labo sano oo xarig ah, kaasoo la hakiyay ilaa dhamaadka dagaalka dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka awgeed. Askari ahaan, ka dib wuxuu ka qayb qaatay ololihii Balkanka iyo Hawlgalkii Barbarossa. Ka dib markii Japan soo gashay dagaalka, Bayer waxay muujisay ixtiraam la'aan ku saabsan su'aasha dembiga dagaalka waxayna sheegtay in aysan u codeynin Adolf Hitler. Ka dib wuu baxsaday ciidankii balse toban maalmood ka dib ayaa mar kale la qabtay. Waxa lagu xukumay hal sano iyo badh oo xadhig ah, kaas oo uu ka soo shaqeeyay xabsiga Torgau Wehrmacht ilaa December 6, 1942.

Xanuunka kelyaha oo daba dheeraaday awgeed, waxa uu markii dambe u qalmi waayay shaqada milatariga, laakiin waxa uu noqday in uu ka shaqeeyo dhawr warshadood oo hubka ah. Shaqadiisii ​​ugu dambaysay ee shirkadda tamarta ee Oberleutendorf, si fagaare ah ayuu u diiday inuu addeeco oo marlabaad isku sheegay inuu yahay Markhaati Yehowah. Markii la helay isagoo hurda habeenkii, wuxuu sheegay in aanu doonayn dagaalka, hubna aanu qaadan doonin. Kadibna waa la soo sheegay oo la xidhay 17-kii December, 1943-kii. 23-kii Maarso, 1944-kii, maxkamadda ciidamada ee xarunta Wehrmacht ee Berlin waxay ku xukuntay dil. Cafiskii waxaa diiday Kornayl General Friedrich Fromm Abriil 21, 1944. Xukunka ayaa markaa lagu fuliyay May 15, 1944 xabsiga Brandenburg. Waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah 253 Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah oo ay dileen Hantiwadaaga Qaranku.


* Klaus Michael Mallmann/Gerhard Paul: Maya. Saarlanders oo ka soo horjeeda Hitler. Dietz, Bonn 1989, ISBN 3-8012-5010-5, bogga 15–19.
* Gerhard Paul: Askar caasiyiin ah. Diidmada, diidmada iyo iska caabinta askarta Jarmalka (1939-1945). Röhrig University Press, St. Ingbert 1994, ISBN 3-86110-042-8, bogga 47-50.

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20241225103108/https://wol.jw.org/so/wol/d/r182/lp-so/502013257 Maxaynan Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah Dagaal uga Qaybqaadan?]

* [[Saddex -xagalka violet]]
* [[Stolperstein]]
* [[Holocaust]]
*[[Cadaadiskii Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ee Naasigii Jarmalka]]
* [[Markhaatiyaasha Yehowah ee ku sugan Kaamka Xoogaynta Auschwitz-Birkineu]]

[[category:Diin]] [[Category:Taariikh]]</text>
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    <title>Robert Fico</title>
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      <text bytes="6590" sha1="i7zyqyfxi94z4sl0qofc8wa3n4qaisi" xml:space="preserve">''Robert Fico'' dhashay 15 Sebtembar 1964) waa siyaasi Slovak ah oo hadda ah [[Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Slovakia]] tan iyo 2023, isagoo horay u soo shaqeeyay 2006 ilaa 2010 iyo 2012 ilaa 2018. Waxa uu aasaasay xisbiga [[Direction - Social Democracy]] (Smer) 1999-kii oo uu hogaaminayey xisbiga tan iyo markii la aasaasay. Fico ayaa heysata rikoor ah in ay noqday ra’iisul wasaarihii ugu waqtiga dheeraa taariikhda dalka, isaga oo xilka hayay in ka badan 10 sano. Markii ugu horeysay ee loo doortay [[Baarlamaanka Slovakia | Baarlamaanka]] 1992 (markaas oo islofakiya ka tirsanayd [[Czechoslovakia]]), ka dib waxaa loo magacaabay [[Golaha Yurub]]. Ka dib guushii xisbigiisa ee [[2006 Slovak Parliamentary election|doorashada baarlamaanka 2006]], wuxuu soo dhisay golihii ugu horeeyay [[Fico's First Cabinet|Fico Cabinet]].

Kadib [[2010 doorashada baarlamaanka Slovakia|doorashada baarlamaanka 2010]], Fico waxa uu  noqday xubin  mucaarad ah oo baarlamaanka ka tirsan, si hufanna u haysay jagada hogaamiyaha mucaaradka. Ka dib markii [[Motion of kalsooni | mooshin kalsooni kala noqosho]] looga soo horjeedo [[Iveta Radičová]] golaha wasiirada, Fico ayaa mar kale loo magacaabay ra'iisul wasaare ka dib markii uu Smer ku hogaamiyay guul weyn oo doorasho ah [[2012 doorashadii baarlamaanka Slovak | Doorashadii baarlamaanka ee 2012]], isagoo ku guuleystay 83 kursi wuxuuna soo dhisay [[Fico's Second Cabinet | dowlad]] oo aqlabiyad buuxda ku leh Baarlamaanka, markii ugu horreysay tan iyo 1989.&lt;ref name=fica&gt;{{cite news|last=Terenzani-Stankova |horta=Michaela|ciwaanka=Waa ayo Robert Fico?|url=http://spectator.sme.sk/articles/view/52453/2/who_is_robert_fico.html|access-date=17 March 2014|wargeys=Sme.sk }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 2013-kii, Fico waxa uu si rasmi ah ugu dhawaaqay inuu u tartamayo [[2014 doorashada madaxweynaha Slovakia|doorashada madaxweynaha 2014]]. Fico ayaa doorashadii wareegii labaad ee codbixinta kaga adkaaday siyaasigii la tartamayey [[Andrej Kiska]] 29 March 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Kiska waxa uu noqday madaxweyne (UPDATED)|url=https://spectator. sme.sk/c/20050250/kiska-noqday-madaxweyne-updated.html|access-date=15 March 2018|archive-date=8 Bisha Sideedaad 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130808230614/http://spectator/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

15kii Maarso 2018, ka dib qalalaasaha siyaasadeed ee ka dhashay [[dilkii Ján Kuciak]], Fico wuxuu istiqaaladiisa u gudbiyay madaxweynaha [Andrej Kiska], oo markaas si rasmi ah ugu eedeeyay Ra'iisul Wasaare ku xigeenka [Peter Pellegrini]] dhisida dowlad cusub.&lt;ref name=rezignacia&gt;{{cite news|title=Fico podá demisou, novým premiérom môže byť Pellegrini (minúta po minúte)|url=https://domov.sme.sk/c/20780574 /online-vladna-kriza-pokracuje.html|access-date=15 March 2018|wargeys=sme.sk|date=15 March 2018|luuqad=sk}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| last1= Heijmans|horta 1=Philip|ciwaanka=Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Slovakia Robert Fico ayaa iscasilay iyada oo ay dadweynuhu aad uga qayliyeen -date=15 March 2018|shaqo=Aljazeera|taariikhda=15 Maarso 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{short description|Slovak politician (born 1964)}}
{{use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Robert Fico
| image               = Robert Fico, 2023.jpg
| caption             = Fico in 2023
| office              = [[Raisulwasaraha Slovakia]]
| deputy1             = {{List collapsed|title={{nobold|''See list''}}
|1=[[Robert Kaliňák]]
|2=[[Peter Kmec]]
|3=[[Denisa Saková]]
|4=[[Tomáš Taraba]]
}}
| president1          = [[Zuzana Čaputová]]
| term_start1         = 25 October 2023
| term_end1           = 
| predecessor1        = [[Ľudovít Ódor]]
| successor1          = 
| succeeding1         = 
| president2          = [[Ivan Gašparovič]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Andrej Kiska]]
| deputy2             = {{List collapsed|title={{nobold|''See list''}}
|1=[[Robert Kaliňák]]
|2=[[Peter Kažimír]]
|3=[[Miroslav Lajčák]]
|4=[[Ľubomír Vážny]]
|5=[[Peter Pellegrini]]
|6=[[Lucia Žitňanská]]
|7=[[Gabriela Matečná]]
}}
| term_start2         = 4 April 2012
| term_end2           = 22 March 2018
| predecessor2        = [[Iveta Radičová]]
| successor2          = [[Peter Pellegrini]]
| president3          = [[Ivan Gašparovič]]
| deputy3             = {{List collapsed|title={{nobold|''See list''}}
|1=[[Dušan Čaplovič]]
|2=[[Robert Kaliňák]]
|3=[[Ján Mikolaj]]
|4=Štefan Harabin
|5=Viera Petríková
}}
| term_start3         = 4 July 2006
| term_end3           = 8 July 2010
| predecessor3        = [[Mikuláš Dzurinda]]
| successor3          = [[Iveta Radičová]]
| office4             = Minister of Justice
| termstart4          = 26 March 2009
| termend4            = 3 July 2009
| predecessor4        = [[Štefan Harabin]]
| successor4          = [[Viera Petríková]]
| termlabel4          = [[Acting (law)|''Acting'']]
| primeminister4      = ''Himself''
| office5             = Deputy Speaker of the [[National Council (Slovakia)|National Council]]
| term_start5         = 9 July 2010
| term_end5           = 4 April 2012
| alongside5          = [[Béla Bugár]], [[Milan Hort]] and [[Pavol Hrušovský]]
| 3blankname5         = Speaker
| 3namedata5          = [[Richard Sulík]]&lt;br /&gt;Pavol Hrušovský
| office6             = Member of the [[National Council (Slovakia)|National Council]]
| term_start6         = 22 March 2018
| term_end6           = 25 October 2023
| term_start7         = 8 July 2010
| term_end7           = 4 April 2012
| termstart8          = 23 June 1992
| termend8            = 4 July 2006
| office9             = Leader of [[Direction – Social Democracy]]
| term_start9         = 8 November 1999
| term_end9           = 
| predecessor9        = ''Office established''
| successor9          = 
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1964|9|15|df=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Topoľčany]], [[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic|Czechoslovakia]]&lt;br /&gt;(now [[Slovakia]])
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| party               = [[Direction – Social Democracy]] (1999–present)
| spouse              = {{marriage|Svetlana Svobodová|1986}}
| children            = 1 son
| alma_mater          = [[Comenius University in Bratislava|Comenius University]] ([[Doctor of Law|JUDr.]])&lt;br&gt;[[Slovak Academy of Sciences]] ([[Candidate of Sciences|CSc.]])
| signature           = Robert Fico signature.svg
| otherparty          = [[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]] (1986–1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[Party of the Democratic Left (Slovakia)|Party of the Democratic Left]] (1990–1999)
}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>The One (Los Angeles)</title>
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      <text bytes="6173" sha1="t1gutdg5d71lw0ohsvqvdlcu07i19kv" xml:space="preserve">'''The One'''  waa guri gaar ah oo ku yaal Bel Air, Los Angeles, California, Mareykanka. Waa dhisme ka kooban guri weyn iyo saddex guri oo yaryar oo qaab casri ah loo dhisay waxaana soo saaray Nile Niami. Gurigu waa 105,000 cagood laba jibaaran (9,800 m2) oo ku taal Template:Cvt. Dhismihiisu waxa uu bilaabmay 2014kii,waxana la dhameeyay 2021,Niami waxa uu markii hore doonayey in uu ku iibiyo daartan 500 oo milyan oo dollar,laakin shirkadiisu waxa ay ku dhacday musalaf,waxana daartaasi lagu iibiyey xaraash 126 milyan oo dollar,kaas oo ah qiimihii xaraashka rikoodhka ahaa ee Maraykanka.{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox building
| name             = The One
| image            = The_One_Bel_Air_House_by_Wallace_Lin.jpg
| image_size       = 325px
| caption          = Aerial view of The One, 2023
| alternate_names  = 
| map_type         = USA Los Angeles Metropolitan Area#California#USA
| pushpin_label    = The One
| location         = 944 Airole Way&lt;br&gt;[[Bel-Air, Los Angeles]], California, U.S.
| coordinates      = {{Coord|34|05|18|N|118|27|06|W|region:US-CA_type:landmark|display=title,inline}}
| start_date       = 2014
| completion_date  = 2021
| building_type    = Mansion
| floor_count      = 
| floor_area       = {{cvt|105000|ft2}}
| architect        = Paul McClean
| architectural_style = [[Dhisme casri ah| dhisme casri ah ]]
| structural_engineer = 
| main_contractor  = 
| developer        = [[Nile Niami]]
| owner            = [[Richard Saghian]]
| management       = 
}}
==Naqshad iyo dhismo==
[[Nile Niami]] waxa uu ku iibsaday {{convert|3.8|acre|adj=on}} buurta sare ee [[Bel Air, Los Angeles], $28&amp;nbsp; milyan sanadkii 2012. Dhulku wuxuu leeyahay 360- aragtida darajada [[Badweynta Baasifiga]], [[Downtown Los Angeles]], iyo [[San Gabriel Mountains]]. Gurigu waxa uu lahaa {{convert|10000|ft2|adj=on}} guri, kaas oo Niami ay burburisay.&lt;ref name=guardian/&gt;&lt;ref name=ad/&gt; Dhismaha waxa uu bilaabmay 2014.&lt;ref name=ad&gt;{{ Cite web |url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/the-worlds-largest-and-priciest-home-is-ready-for-its-close-up —Gurigu Wuxuu U Diyaar Yahay Xidhidhihiisa archive.org/web/20240209115046/https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/the-worlds-largest-and-priciest-home-is-ready-for-its-close-up |url-status=live } }&lt;/ref&gt; Shaqaaluhu waxay ka saareen {{convert|49000|yd3}} wasakh guriga ah 5,000 oo xamuul ah,&lt;ref name=ocregister/&gt; habraaca qaatay laba sano in la dhamaystiro.&lt;ref name=&quot;nytimes&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/23/style/the-most-expensive-house-in-america.html|title=Yaa doonaya inuu iibsado Guriga ugu qaalisan Ameerika?|koowaad=Candace|dambe=Jackson|shaqo=The New York Times .archive.org/web/20240227002742/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/23/style/the-most-expensive-house-in-america.html|url-status=live}}&lt;meta /&gt; Dadka deggan Bel-Air ee ka soo horjeeda mashruuca waxay samaysteen isbahaysi guri, kaas oo uu hogaaminayay [Fred Rosen (ganacsade)|Fred Rosen], [[madaxa fulinta]] ee [[Ticketmaster]], kaas oo ku adkaystay in loo ogolaado sidii horumar ganacsi.&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref name=ocregister&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.ocregister.com/2016/02/25/worlds-priciest-home-oc-designer-%20abuuraa-qorshe-500-million-la-giga-mansion/|title=Guriga ugu qaalisan aduunka: O.C. Naqshadeeye wuxuu abuuraa qorshe loogu talagalay $500 million LA 'giga-mansion'|first=Jeff|Last=Collins|work=Diiwaanka Degmada Orange|taariikhda=February 25,2016 , 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240226050459/https://www.ocregister.com/2016/02/25/worlds-priciest-home-oc-designer-creates-a|url-status=dead|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=Bisha Saddexaad 6, 2024|archive-date=Bisha Labaad 26, 2024|dead-url=no}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Disembar 2016, [[Golaha Magaalada Los Angeles]] waxa ay ansixiyeen in dib loo qoro sharciyada magaalada si si adag loo xakameeyo cabbirka Guryo cusub oo laga dhisayo xaafado hal qoys ah iyo meelo buuro leh.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-mansionization-measures-20161207 -sheeko.html |title=L.A. dib u cabbiro si ay dib ugu soo celiyaan 'guritaan' xaafadaha hal qoys |kow=Daa'uud |Last=Zahniser |shaqo=Los Angeles Times |date=December 7, 2016 |access-date=February 26, 2024 |archive-date=February 27 , 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227002742/https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-mansionization-measures-20161207-story.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Niami waxa ay ugu talagashay in Kan la dhammeeyo 2018,&lt;ref name=nytimes/&gt; laakiin dhismuhu waxa uu la kulmay dib u dhac mana dhamaanin ilaa 2021.&lt;ref name=ad/&gt;

Midka waxaa naqshadeeyay Niami iyo Paul McClean, oo isna ahaa naqshadeeyaha, iyo Kathryn Rotondi, naqshadeeyaha gudaha guri la mid ah ma jiro, wuxuuna sheegay in uu rabo in uu ku iibiyo $500&amp;nbsp;million.&lt;ref name=guardian&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/%202018/mar/04/most-expensive-house-los-angeles-niles-niami |title=guriga ugu qaalisan Maraykanka: horumariyahu wuxuu qaataa $500m oo qamaar ah Bel Air eyrie |first=Rory |last=Carroll |taariikhda=March 4, 2018 |wargeys=The Guardian |taariikhda gelitaanka=Janaayo 20, 2024 |taariikhda-archive=Janaayo 20, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120053529/https://www.theguardian./ |url-status=live |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |access-date=Bisha Saddexaad 6, 2024 |archive-date=Bisha Koobaad 20, 2024 |dead-url=no }}&lt;/ref&gt; Mid waa guri gaar ah oo loogu talagalay [[qaab dhismeedka casriga ah] ].&lt;ref name=robb/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.kcrw.com/culture/show/design-and-architecture/gigamansions-and-the-new-gilded-age |ciwaanka=Gigamansions iyo da'da cusub ee Gilded |kow=Faransiis |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123215224/https://www.kcrw.com/culture/shows/design-and-architecture/gigamansions-and-the-cusub-gilded-age |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Gurigu waa wadar {{convert|105000|ft2}}, oo ay ku jiraan {{convert|74000|ft2|adj=on}} hoyga ugu weyn iyo saddex guri oo yar oo martida .&lt;ref name=bloomberg&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-05-26/california-dreaming-record-500-million-tag-on-l-a- home |title=Riyada California: Rikoodhka $500 Million Tag ee LA Home |fi</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Habaryoonis</title>
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      <text bytes="3981" sha1="rzxyf0mt3ktop9umatj5pf9v190v28o" xml:space="preserve">&lt;u&gt;Darwiish Cabdidheere Warsame Guuleed&lt;/u&gt;
[[File:Cabdi_dheere.jpg|thumb|alt=Darwiish Cabdidheere|Darwiish Cabdidheere Warsame Guuleed]]

===&lt;u&gt;'''DARWIISH CABDIDHEERE'''&lt;/u&gt;===
___________________________________

'''Darwiish Cabdidheere Warsame Guuleed''' wuxuu ahaa Abaanduuliyii iyo Shiish-yaqaankii aan waligii xabada la gafin. Kaasoo qisooyin iyo halgan dhaxalgal ah reebay. Wuxuu ahaa Halgamaa Geesi ah, caalim diinneed oo Gabayaa ah.

[[File:Cabdi_dheere.jpg|thumb|alt=Darwiish Cabdidheere Warsame Guuleed|Darwiish Cabdidheere]]

==Deegaanka==

Habaryoonis waa qabiilka ugu faraha badan qabiilyoonka Isaaqa (44%)uguna magaca muruqa weyn beelaha soomaaliyeed. Habaryoonis waxay degaan 5 gobol inta u dhaxatsa [[Hargeysa]] [[Burco]] [[Ceerigaabo]] [[Berbera]] sheekh [[Oodwayne]] [[ceelafweyn]] oog [[maydh]],iyo gabolka Shanaad xagga [[Ethiopia]] waxay degaan dhulka ugu ballaadhan ee ay soomaalidu ka degto, marka laga reebo dhulka Ogaadeenka ,waxay habaryoonis oo kala baxda qabiilada sida:

[[Muuse Carre]]

[[Muuse Ismaaciil]]

[[Xirsi Cismaan ]]

[[Isaxaaq]]

[[Muuse Cabdalle ]]

[[Sacadyoonis]]

Cali Siciid 

Reer Xuseen

Cilmi Adam(Reer Cilmi)

Ugaadh Cumar

Ba dhulbahante

Gunbuur 

Idreys 

Baha Ismaaciil 


==Tacliinta iyo Suugaanta==

Habaryoonis waa qabiilka ugu gabyaaga badan qabiilooyinka soomaaliyeed. Sidoo kale hoobaladii caanka ahaa ee soomaalida intooda badani (near 50%) waxay ahaayeen Habaryoonis. Sidoo kale halabuurkii qaranka ee allifa heesaha iyo riwaayadaha soomaalida more than 40% waxay ka dhasheen qabiilooyinka Habaryoonis.waxaana ka dhashay nimankii ugu tacliinta sare ee soomaaliyeed sida:

Aabihi taclinta [[Maxamuud axmed cali ]]

[[Xaji yuusuf qabile ]]

[[Cali sugule duncarbeed]]

[[Qaasin]]

[[Axmed Saleebaan Bidde]]

Ismaaciil Cagaf

[[Xaaji aadan afqalooc]]

[[Ibrahim Gadhle]]


==Caafimaadka==

beesha Habaryoonis waxa kaso jeeda dhakhaatirta ugu waxtarka badan dhulka somalida sida:

Dr Gaboose 

Dr Shiine  (manhal hospital )

Dr  Maxamed xassan ( Dr waddnaha )

Dr Raamboo 

Dr: Tuke 

Dr Aw koombe 


==Halgankii==

beesha Habaryoonis waxa kaso jeeda ragi la kulmay ciidamadi Boqor [[Diiriye Guure]] ee halganka kula jiray gumaystihi ingiriska waxana kamid aha : 


'''&lt;u&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Darwiish Cabdidheere Warsame Guuleed&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/u&gt;''' 

'''DARWIISH CABDIDHEERE WARSAME GUULEED'''

__________________________________________

&lt;code&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Darwiish Cabdidheere Warsame Guuleed&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/code&gt; wuxuu ahaa Abaanduuliyii iyo Shiish-yaqaankii aan waligii xabada la gafin. Kaasoo qisooyin iyo halgan dhaxalgal ah reebay. Wuxuu ahaa Halgamaa Geesi ah, caalim diinneed oo Gabayaa ah.

suldan nuur axmed amaan, goobtii ugu horeysa ay diyaaradii ingriiska duqayso waxay ahayd qalcadii midhisho ee ciidamada beesha muuse ismaaciil HY ku sugnayeen.
Kadib jabkii ingriiska wuxuu ku warejiyay maamulida dhulka somaliland xaaji [[muuse faarax igarre]] (ina igarre) ahana ninki garaadtooyada Diiriye Guure jabiyay kadib.
beesha Habaryoonis waa beeshi aasastay ururski hubaysna ee  SNM ugu sarakisha badnayd sido kale waa beesha laba jeer gudoomiye ka noqotay SNM gudoomiye cabdiqaadir koosaar iyo gudoomiye [[abdirahman ahmed ali Tuur]] Ahaana madaxweynihi xoreyey [[Somaliland]] 1991. Ninki ugu horeyay ee asasay ururka SNM waa general maxamed cali 1980.


==Ganacsiga==

Habaryoonis waxa kaso jeeda ganacsata ugu baladhan dhulka soomalida Sida aamina xirsi mooge oo kamida tujaarta qaarada afrika, Sido kale waxa kaso jeda ganacsadaha wayn ee xaaji aadan baradho oo ah nin xoolaha ugu badan ka dhoofiya geeska africa, shirkada diyaaradaha daallo iyo tujaar caan ahaa sida biregeye, dawaare ,miyateyn, cali warsame, isaxaaq suufi ,ina iimaan.


==Tixraac==

https://web.archive.org/web/20240408102830/https://www.abtirsi.com/view.php?person=1002


https://www.somalinet.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=403114 {{Wayback|url=https://www.somalinet.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=403114 |date=20240408095826 }}

https://www.hoygasuugaanta.com/Taariikh.htm</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Af Bojpuri</title>
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      <text bytes="4742" sha1="rm2zyrmnsm32tnkovzcxwjrfv2jrn1a" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox language
| name             = Bojpuri
| nativename       = भोजपुरी · {{Script|Kthi|𑂦𑂷𑂔𑂣𑂳𑂩𑂲}} · Bhojpuri
| image            = Bhojpuri language.svg
| imagescale       = 
| states           = [[Hindiya]] and [[Nebal]]
| ethnicity        = Bhojpuriya
| region           = Bhojpur-Purvanchal
| nation           = [[Fiji]]&lt;br&gt;
[[Nebal]]
| minority         = Jharkhand ee [[Hindiya]] &lt;ref name=&quot;telegraph_jharkhandbihar_official&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=Sudhir Kumar Mishra|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/jharkhand/bhojpuri-3-more-to-get-official-tag-217369|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180322204611/https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/jharkhand/bhojpuri-3-more-to-get-official-tag-217369|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 March 2018|title=Bhojpuri, 3 more to get official tag|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=22 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Mauritius]]
| speakers         = {{sigfig|52.164405|3}} milyan
| date             = Tirakoobka 2011&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=2011 |title=Census of India 2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/42458/download/46089/C-16_25062018.pdf |work=Office of the Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India |page=8 |access-date=22 September 2024 |archive-date=24 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230824120826/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/42458/download/46089/C-16_25062018.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=2011 |title=National Population and Housing Census 2011 |url=https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2020/07/National-Population-and-Housing-Census-2011-Caste-ethnicity-and-mother-tongue.pdf |work=Census of Nepal |page=138 |access-date=22 September 2024 |archive-date=23 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240923053412/https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2020/07/National-Population-and-Housing-Census-2011-Caste-ethnicity-and-mother-tongue.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| familycolor      = Hindi-Yurub ah
| fam2             = Hindi-Iraanian ah
| fam3             = Hindi-Aryaan
| fam4             = Luqadaha Hindi-Aryaan Barigga
| fam5             = Bihari
| ancestor         = Magadhi Prakrit
| ancestor2        = Magadhan Apabhraṃśa
| ancestor3        = Abahattha
| dia1             = Northern Standard Bhojpuri
| dia2             = Western Standard Bhojpuri
| dia3             = Southern Standard Bhojpuri
| dia5             = Domra
| dia6             = Musahari
| dia7             = Caribbean Hindustani&lt;br/&gt;{{no wrap|{{·}}Trinidadian Hindustani}}&lt;br/&gt;{{no wrap|{{·}}Guyanese Hindustani}}&lt;br/&gt;{{no wrap|{{·}}Sarnami Hindoestani}}
| dia10            = Fiji Hindi
| dia11            = Mauritian Bhojpuri&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Oozeerally|first1=Shameem|title=The Evolution of Mauritian Bhojpuri: an Ecological Analysis - Mauritius Institute of Education|date=March 2013|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323772628|access-date=1 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| dia12            = South African Bhojpuri {{small|{{small|(Naitali)}}}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Rambilass|first1=B.|title=NAITALI - SOUTH AFRICAN BHOJPURI|url=http://www.indiandiasporacouncil.org/pdf/NAITALI-SOUTH-AFRICAN-BHOJPURI-by-B-Rambilass.pdf|website=indiandiasporacouncil.org|access-date=1 September 2020|archive-date=18 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918190623/http://www.indiandiasporacouncil.org/pdf/NAITALI-SOUTH-AFRICAN-BHOJPURI-by-B-Rambilass.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| dia13            = Bojpuri Holandees
| script           = {{unbulleted list
Far-Hindi
|Kaithi 
}}
| iso2             = bho
| iso3             = bho
| lingua           = 59-AAF-sa
| glotto           = bhoj1244
| glottorefname    = Bhojpuric
| imagecaption     = Ereyga '''Bojpuri''' oo lagu qoray Far-Hindi
| map              = Bhojpuri Speaking Region in India.png
| mapcaption       = Meelaha '''Bojpuri''' laga hadlo
| dia9             = Nagpuriya Bhojpuri
}}

'''Bojpuri''' waa luqad Hindi-Aryaan ah oo laga hadlo [[Hindiya]] iyo [[Nebal]]. Qaar oo qurbajoogga Hindiya way ku hadlaan '''Bojpuri'''. Waa lagu qoraa far-Hindi.

==Maalmaha==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; border = 1
|-
! Somali
! English
! Bhojpuri (Latin script)
! भोजपुरी (देवनागरी लिखाई)
|-
|Axad
|Sunday
|{{lang|bho-Latn|Eitwaar}}
|एतवार
|-
|Isniin
|Monday
|{{lang|bho-Latn|Somaar}}
|सोमार
|-
|Talaado
|Tuesday
|{{lang|bho-Latn|Mangar}}
|मंगर
|-
|Arbaco
|Wednesday
|{{lang|bho-Latn|Budhh}}
|बुध
|-
|Khamiis
|Thursday
|{{lang|bho-Latn|Biphey}}
|बियफे
|-
|Jimco
|Friday
|{{lang|bho-Latn|Shuk}}
|शुक
|-
|Sabti
|Saturday
|{{lang|bho-Latn|Sanichar}}
|सनिचर
|}

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}

[[Category: Afafka]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Luqadaha Komoros</title>
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      <text bytes="3574" sha1="mzzbbb5hqdutx5eicklphl205bafuhc" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox language
| name             = Komoros
| nativename       = ''shikomori''&lt;br&gt;{{Script|Arab|شِكُمُرِ / شیكهمهری}}
| states           = [[Komoros]] and [[Mayotte]]
| region           = [[Komoros]] iyo [[Mayotte]]; [[Madagaskar]] iyo Réunion
| speakers         = {{sigfig|790,000|1}}  Komoros
| date             = 2011
| ref              = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Udzima wa Komori |url=http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/afrique/comores.htm |publisher=Université Laval, 2325, rue de l'Université |access-date=4 December 2018 |archive-date=4 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150304065836/http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/afrique/comores.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| speakers2        = {{sigfig|253,700|1}} in Mayotte (2007)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ac-mayotte.fr/IMG/pdf/Interv_BARRETEAU_CM2.pdf |title=Premiers résultats d'une enquête sociolinguistique auprès des élèves de CM2 de Mayotte |author=Daniel Barreteau |access-date=2007-05-17 |language=fr |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614075940/http://www.ac-mayotte.fr/IMG/pdf/Interv_BARRETEAU_CM2.pdf |archive-date=14 June 2007 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Population of Mayotte |url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/3284395 |publisher=INSEE |access-date=2018-12-04 |archive-date=2019-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403070726/https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/3284395 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!--98% of the 256518 inhabitants of Mayotte have one of the Comorian dialects as their native language --&gt;&lt;!--data only supports to nearest 100,000--&gt;
| script           = Ajami&lt;br /&gt;Latin
| nation           = Komoros
| familycolor      = Niger-Kongo
| fam2             = Atlantik–Kongo 
| fam3             = Volta-Kongo
| fam4             = Benue–Kongo
| fam5             = Bantoid
| fam6             = Bantoid Koonfur
| fam7             = [[Af-Bantu|Bantu]]
| fam8             = Xeebta Waqooyi Bari Bantu
| fam9             = Sabaki
|dia1 = Maore
| lc1              = zdj
| ld1              = Ngazidja dialect
| lc2              = wni
| ld2              = Ndzwani (Anjouani) dialect
| lc3              = swb
| ld3              = [[Maore dialect]]
| lc4              = wlc
| ld4              = Mwali dialect
| guthrie          = G.44
| glotto           = como1260
| glottorefname    = Comorian Bantu
}}
'''Luqadaha Komoros''' oo sido kale loo yaqaano '''Shikomori''' (luqadda jasiiradaha) ama '''Shimasiwa''' waa afar luqad oo laga hadlo Jasiiradaha [[Komoros]]. 

Sadaxda jasiirad oo Komoros iyo Jasiiradda [[Faransiiska]] [[Mayotte]], midba luqad gooni wuu qabaa. Waa loo qaybiyaa labo koox, kooxda bari iyo  kooxda galbeed. Kooxda bari wuu yahay Shindzuani (oo lago hadlo Ndzuani) iyo Shimaore (oo lago hadlo Mayotte). Kooxda galbeed wuu yahay Shimwali (oo lago hadlo Mwali) iyo Shingazija (oo lago hadlo Ngazidja). Kooxaha kale dhowan ma isfahmi karaan laakin kooxaha dhexdhood way isfahmi karaan (tusaale ahaan: Shindzuani way fahmi karaan Shimaore laakin ma fahmi karaan Shimwali). 

Ka hor Luqadaha Komoros waa lagu qoray jiray far Ajami oo far Carabi u dhow. Gumaystayaasha Faransiiska qasab way ku keeneen far Latin. Dowladda hadda way isticmaalshaa far Latin oo loo habayay Luqadaha Komoros laakin dad badan aa weli isticmaalaan far Ajami.

==Tiroyiinka==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Tiro
!Af Komoros
!Tiro
!Af Komoros
|-
!1
|oja/muntsi
!6
|sita
|-
!2
|ili/mbili
!7
|saba
|-
!3
|raru/ndraru
!8
|nane
|-
!4
|nne
!9
|shendra
|-
!5
|tsano/ntsanu
!10
|kumi/kume
|}


==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}

[[Category: Afafka]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Af Jarmal</title>
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      <text bytes="5704" sha1="hovm02ggghkml7kkkeg2dl5ws3sci47" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox language
| name             = Jarmal
| nativename       = {{lang|de|Deutsch}}
| states           = {{Flatlist|
* [[Jarmal]]
* [[Awstriya]]
* [[Iswisarland]]
* [[Lekhtanishtayn]]
* [[Luksaamboorgi]]
* [[Beljim]]
* [[Namibiya]]
* [[South Tyrol]]
* Alsace
}}
| speakers         = [[First language|L1]]: 95 milyan (2005)&lt;ref&gt;Thomas Marten, Fritz Joachim Sauer (Hrsg.): Länderkunde Deutschland, Österreich und Schweiz (mit Liechtenstein) im Querschnitt. Inform-Verlag, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-9805843-1-3, S. 7.&lt;/ref&gt;
| speakers2        = [[Second language|L2]]: 80–85&amp;nbsp;milyan (2014)
| familycolor      = Indo-European
| fam2             = Jarmal ah
| fam3             = Jarmal Galbeed ah
| stand1           = Jarmal ([[Jarmalka]], [[Iswisarland]], [[Awstriya]])
| script           = * ilaa Jarmal Duq Sare: Far Latiin (Xuruufta Jarmal)
* Braille Jarmal
| sign             = [[Signed German]]
| nation           = {{hlist|
| [[Jarmal]]
| [[Awstriya]]
| [[Iswisarland]]
| [[Lekhtanishtayn]]
| [[Luksaamboorgi]]
| [[Beljim]]
| [[Namibiya]]
| [[South Tyrol]]
}}
| minority         = 
* [[Baraasiil]] (6 degmooyin)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lista de línguas cooficiais em municípios brasileiros |url=http://ipol.org.br/lista-de-linguas-cooficiais-em-municipios-brasileiros/ |access-date=2023-10-28 |website=ipol.org.br |publisher=IPOL |archive-date=12 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212052326/http://ipol.org.br/lista-de-linguas-cooficiais-em-municipios-brasileiros/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Jamhuuriyadda Jek]]
* [[Denmark]] ([[Syddanmark]])
* [[Hungary]] ([[Sopron]])
* [[Boland]] (Silesia Kore)
* [[Romania]] (qeybo)
* [[Ruushka]] ([[Azovo German National District]])
* [[Slovakia]] ([[Krahule]])
| iso1             = de
| iso2b            = ger
| iso2t            = deu
| lc1              = deu
| ld1              =  Jarmal
| lc2              = gmh
| ld2              = [[Middle High German]]
| lc3              = goh
| ld3              = [[Old High German]]
| lc4              = gct
| ld4              = [[Colonia Tovar German]]
| lc5              = bar
| ld5              = [[Bavarian language|Bavarian]]
| lc6              = cim
| ld6              = [[Cimbrian]]
| lc7              = geh
| ld7              = [[Hutterite German]]
| lc8              = ksh
| ld8              = [[Colognian dialect|Kölsch]]
| lc9              = nds
| ld9              = [[Low German]]
| lc10             = sli
| ld10             = [[Silesian German|Lower Silesian]]
| lc11             = ltz
| ld11             = [[Luxembourgish]]
| lc12             = vmf
| ld12             = [[Mainfränkisch]]
| lc13             = mhn
| ld13             = [[Mòcheno]]
| lc14             = pfl
| ld14             = [[Palatine German language|Palatinate German]]
| lc15             = pdc
| ld15             = [[Pennsylvania Dutch language|Pennsylvania Dutch]]
| lc16             = pdt
| ld16             = [[Plautdietsch]]
| lc17             = swg
| ld17             = [[Swabian German]]
| lc18             = gsw
| ld18             = [[Swiss German]]
| lc19             = uln
| ld19             = [[Unserdeutsch]]
| lc20             = sxu
| ld20             = [[Upper Saxon]]
| lc21             = wae
| ld21             = [[Walser German]]
| lc22             = wep
| ld22             = [[Westphalian language|Westphalian]]
| lc23             = hrx
| ld23             = [[Riograndenser Hunsrückisch]]
| lc24             = yec
| ld24             = [[Yenish language|Yenish]]
| lc25             = yid
| ld25             = [[Yiddish]]
| lingua           = {{blist
 | 52-ACB–dl ([[Standard German]])
 |  52-AC (Continental West Germanic)
 |  52-ACB (Deutsch &amp; Dutch)
 |  52-ACB-d ([[Central German]])
 |  52-ACB-e &amp; -f ([[Upper German|Upper]] and [[Swiss German]])
 |  52-ACB-h ([[German diaspora|Émigré German]] varieties, including 52-ACB-hc ([[Hutterite German]]) &amp; 52-ACB-he ([[Pennsylvania Dutch language|Pennsylvania Dutch]]))
 |  52-ACB-i ([[Yeniche language|Yenish]])
 | Totalling 285 varieties: 52-ACB-daa to 52-ACB-i
}}
| glotto           = stan1295
| map              = Idioma aleman (cropped).png
| mapscale = 1.2
| mapcaption       = {{legend|#0080FE|Jarmal aa tirabbuur ah}}
{{legend|#88C4FE|Jarmal tirabbuur maaha}}
| map2             = Legal status of German in the world.svg
| mapcaption2      = {{legend|#ffcc00|Luqad rasmi ah}}
{{legend|#d98575|Luqad rasmi ah (laakiin luqad kale ayaa sidoo kale rasmi ah)}}
{{legend|#7373d9|Luqadda wadanka}}
{{legend|#30efe3|waa laga badanyahay}}
| ancestor         = Jarmal Duq Sare
| ancestor2        = Jarmal Dhexe Sare
| ancestor3        = Jarmal Hore-Cusub Sare 
| fam4             = Elbe Jarmal ah
| fam5             = Jarmal Sare
}}

'''Af Jarmal''' waa [[Luuqad (Af)|luqad]] laga hadlo [[Jarmalka]], [[Iswisarland]], [[Awstriya]], [[Yurub|Yurubta]] Dhexe iyo meelo kale uu Jarmalka guumeystey iyo meelo qoxooti Jarmal u qaxeen.

[[File:Map of the German Diaspora in the World.svg|thumb|center|Qurbajoogta Jarmalka:
{{Legend|#000000|Germany}}
{{Legend|#770000|≥10,000,000}}
{{Legend|#bc0000|≥1,000,000}}
{{Legend|#ff4848|≥100,000}}
{{Legend|#ffb0b0|≥10,000}}]]

=Qoraal Tusaale=
====Laga soo qaaday [[Baaqa Caalamiga ee Xuquuqda Aadanaha]]====

Alle Menschen sind frei und gleich an Würde und Rechten geboren. Sie sind mit Vernunft und Gewissen begabt und sollen einander im Geist der Brüderlichkeit begegnen.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.omniglot.com/writing/german.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

====Tarjumad====
Aadanaha dhammaantiis wuxuu dhashaa isagoo xor ah kana siman xagga sharafta iyo xuquuqada Waxaa Alle (Ilaah) siiyay aqoon iyo wacyi, waana in qof la arkaa qofka kale ula dhaqmaa si walaaltinimo ah.

=Tixraac=
{{reflist}}

[[Category: Afafka]]</text>
      <sha1>hovm02ggghkml7kkkeg2dl5ws3sci47</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Af Bortaqiis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="4827" sha1="2atqlyhe1qa3uqsp9dzs8dalbm1p7n3" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox language
| name             = Af Bortaqiis
| altname = Portuguese
| nativename       = {{lang|pt|português}}
| states           = [[Burtuqaal]]
| speakers         = [[First language|L1]]: {{sigfig|236.460250|3}} milyan
| date             = 2012–2022
| speakers2        = [[Second language|L2]]: {{sigfig|27.367050|2}} milyan (2022)&lt;br/&gt;Total: {{sigfig|263.827300|3}} million
| speakers_label   = Speakers
| familycolor      = Indo-European
| fam2             = Italic
| fam3             = Latino-Faliscan
| fam4             = [[Af-Laatiin]]
| fam5             = Romance
| fam6             = Italo-Galbeed
| fam7             = Romance Galbeed
| fam8             = Gallo-Iberian
| fam9             = Iberian Romance
| fam10            = Iberian Galbeed
| fam11            = Galician–Portuguese
| ancestor         = Laatiin Duq
| ancestor2        = Vulgar Latin
| ancestor3        = Proto-Romance
| ancestor4        = Galician–Portuguese
| script           = Far Laatiin (Xuruufta Bortaqiis) &lt;br/&gt; Braille Bortaqiis
| nation           = [[Angola]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Barasiil]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Kab Ferde]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Bariga Timor]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Giinyada Dhulbareed]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/noticia.php?id=7775 |title=Continúan los actos del Día de la Lengua Portuguesa y la Cultura Lusófona |date=10 May 2016 |website=Government of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea |trans-title=Acts continue to mark Portuguese Language and Portuguese Culture Day |access-date=1 November 2016 |archive-date=26 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226150155/https://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/noticia.php?id=7775%20 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;[[Giinya-Bisaw]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Musanbiig]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Burtuqaal]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Sao Tome iyo Prinsipe]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Makaw]]
| minority         = [[Uruguay]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Gutiérrez Bottaro |first=Silvia Etel |title=El portugués uruguayo y las marcas de la oralidad en la poesía del escritor uruguayo Agustín R. Bisio |date=2014 |url=http://www.hispanistas.org.br/arquivos/revistas/sumario/revista6/109-129.pdf |journal=Abehache |volume=4 |issue=6 |trans-title=Uruguayan Portuguese and oral marks in the poetry of Uruguayan writer Agustín R. Bisio |language=es |access-date=18 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812061109/http://www.hispanistas.org.br/arquivos/revistas/sumario/revista6/109-129.pdf |archive-date=12 August 2019 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historiadelaslenguasenuruguay.edu.uy |title=Historia lingüística del Uruguay |website=historiadelaslenguasenuruguay.edu.uy |access-date=9 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405013655/http://www.historiadelaslenguasenuruguay.edu.uy/ |archive-date=5 April 2019 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite conference |last1=Fernández Aguerre |first1=Tabaré |title=Algunas notas teórico metodológicas sobre la relación entre regiones y aprendizajes en Uruguay |url=https://www.colibri.udelar.edu.uy/jspui/handle/20.500.12008/10776 |pages=11–15 |trans-title=Some theoretical methodological notes on the relationship between regions and learning in Uruguay |language=es |last2=González Bruzzese |first2=Mahira |last3=Rodriguez Ingold |first3=Cecilia |year=2017 |hdl=20.500.12008/10776 |hdl-access=free |conference=XVI Jornadas de Investigación : la excepcionalidad uruguaya en debate: ¿como el Uruguay no hay? |access-date=22 January 2020 |archive-date=7 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021434/https://www.colibri.udelar.edu.uy/jspui/handle/20.500.12008/10776 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br/&gt; [[Koonfur Afrika]] 
| iso1             = pt
| iso2             = por
| iso3             = por
| lingua           = 51-AAA-a
| map              = Detailed SVG map of the Lusophone world.svg
| mapcaption       = {{legend|#045A8D|Meelaha Af Bortaqiis tirabbuur iyo asaloow ka tahay}}
{{legend|#439DD4|Meelaha Af Bortaqiis luqad rasmi ku ah laakin tirabbuur ama asaloow ahayn}}
{{legend|#9BBAE1|Meelaha Af Bortaqiis luqad dhaqanka ku yahay}}
| sign             = Manually coded Portuguese
| glotto           = port1283
| glottorefname    = Portuguese
}}

'''Af Bortaqiis''' waa [[Luuqad (Af)|luqad]] laga hadlo [[Burtuqaal]] iyo meelaha u guumeystey.

=Qoraal Tusaale=
====Laga soo qaaday [[Baaqa Caalamiga ee Xuquuqda Aadanaha]]====

Todos os seres humanos nascem livres e iguais em dignidade e em direitos. Dotados de razão e de consciência, devem agir uns para com os outros em espírito de fraternidade.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.omniglot.com/writing/portuguese.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

====Tarjumad====
Aadanaha dhammaantiis wuxuu dhashaa isagoo xor ah kana siman xagga sharafta iyo xuquuqada Waxaa Alle (Ilaah) siiyay aqoon iyo wacyi, waana in qof la arkaa qofka kale ula dhaqmaa si walaaltinimo ah.

=Tixraac=
{{reflist}}

[[Category: Afafka]]</text>
      <sha1>2atqlyhe1qa3uqsp9dzs8dalbm1p7n3</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>PayPal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>42016</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311982</id>
      <parentid>286737</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T01:53:46Z</timestamp>
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        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311982</origin>
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      <text bytes="3486" sha1="sb2wrdcogb8nk66h8aysr10zc6wmiw0" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox company|name=PayPal Holdings, Inc.|logo=[[File:PayPal 2024.svg|frameless|class=skin-invert-image]]|image=PayPal San Jose Headquarters.jpg|image_size=250px|image_caption=Headquarters in San Jose, California|type=Public|traded_as={{ubl
  | {{NASDAQ|PYPL}}
  | Nasdaq-100 component
  | S&amp;P 100 component
  | S&amp;P 500 component
}}|founded={{ubl
  | {{start date and age|1998|12}} (as Confinity)
  | {{start date and age|1999|10}} (as |X.com)
  | {{start date and age|2000|03}} (as PayPal)
}}|predecessors={{ubl
  | Confinity
  |X.com
}}|location=San Jose, California, U.S.|area_served=Almost worldwide|founders={{ubl
  | Ken Howery
  | Max Levchin
  | Luke Nosek
  | Yu Pan
  | Peter Thiel
  | Elon Musk
  | Harris Fricker
  | Christopher Payne
  | Ed Ho
}}|key_people={{ubl
  |John Donahoe &lt;br /&gt;(Chairman corporations)
  | Alex Chriss &lt;br /&gt;(President (corporate title)|president&lt;nowiki&gt;]]&lt;/nowiki&gt; and Chief executive officer|CEO)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://about.pypl.com/who-we-are/executive-leadership/alex-chriss/default.aspx |title=Executive Leadership |website=PayPal |access-date=2023-09-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927134509/https://about.pypl.com/who-we-are/executive-leadership/alex-chriss/default.aspx |archive-date=2023-09-27 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}|industry=Financial technology|products=Credit cards, payment systems|revenue={{increase}} {{US$|31.8 billion|link=yes}} (2024)|operating_income={{increase}} {{US$|5.33 billion}} (2024)|net_income={{decrease}} {{US$|4.15 billion}} (2024)|assets={{decrease}} {{US$|81.6 billion}} (2024)|equity={{decrease}} {{US$|20.4 billion}} (2024)|num_employees=24,400 (2024)|parent=|divisions={{ubl
  | PayPal Inc. (PPI)&lt;ref name=&quot;sec_gov&quot;/&gt;
  | PayPal Pte. Ltd (3PL)&lt;ref name=&quot;sec_gov&quot;/&gt;
  | PayPal Payments Pte. Holdings (PPLUX)&lt;ref name=&quot;sec_gov&quot;/&gt;
  | PayPal Payments Pte Limited (4PL)
 }}|subsid={{hlist
  | Braintree
  | PayPal Honey
  | Paydiant
  | PayPal Credit
  | Venmo
  |Xoom
  |Zettle
}}|website={{URL|paypal.com}}|footnotes=&lt;ref name=Annual10K2024&gt;{{cite web |title=PayPal Holdings, Inc. 2024 Annual Report (Form 10-K) |url=https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1633917/000163391725000019/pypl-20241231.htm |date=February 4, 2025 |publisher=[[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]] |access-date=February 4, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
[[File:EBayTorontoOffice2.JPG|thumb|[[eBay]], PayPal, Kijiji iyo StubHub, 500 King Street West, [[Toronto]], Abriil 2014]]
'''PayPal Holdings, Inc.''' waa shirkad tiknoolajiyad maaliyadeed oo caalami ah oo [[Wadanka Maraykanka|Maraykan]] ah oo ku shaqeysa nidaamka lacag-bixinta onlaynka ah ee inta badan wadamada taageera xawaaladaha onlineka ah. Waxay u adeegtaa sidii beddelka elektarooniga ah ee hababka waraaqaha caadiga ah sida jeegagga iyo dalabaadka lacagta. Shirkaddu waxay u shaqeysaa sidii lacag-bixiyeyaal loogu talagalay iibiyeyaasha internetka, goobaha xaraashka iyo kuwa kale oo badan oo ganacsi iyo shirkado isticmaala.

Waxaa la aasaasay 1998 sida Confinity, PayPal waxay si guud u dhex martay IPO 2002. Waxay noqotay kabid gebi ahaanba la iska leeyahay ee [[eBay]] dabayaaqadii sanadkaas, oo lagu qiimeeyay $1.5 bilyan.  Sannadkii 2015, eBay waxay ka saartay PayPal saamilaydeeda. PayPal waxay noqotay shirkad madax-bannaan mar kale.  Shirkaddu waxay ku jirtay kaalinta 143rd 2022 ''Fortune'' 500 ee shirkadaha ugu waaweyn Mareykanka dakhli ahaan. Ilaa 2023, PayPal waa xubin ka mid ah Isbahaysiga MACH .

== Tixraacyo ==
&lt;references/&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Salaam Soomaali Bank</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>42088</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311998</id>
      <parentid>305632</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T02:40:22Z</timestamp>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="11724" sha1="k2tnk5jsf8tmyypz7hdxc6w5oty2cxf" xml:space="preserve">'''Salaam Somali Bank''' oo inta badan loo soo gaabiyo '''SSB'''  waa bangi ganacsi oo Soomaaliyeed. Xarunteeduna tahay [[Muqdisho]] , [[Soomaaliya]] . SSB waa mid ka mid ah bangiyada gaarka loo leeyahay ee dalka. 
{{Infobox company
| name          = Salaam Somali Bank
| logo          = Salaam Somali Bank.png
| trade_name = Salaam Bank
| type          = [[Bangiga ganacsiga]]
| traded_as     = Bixiyaha adeegyada bangiyada Islaamiga ah
| foundation    = 2009
| hq_location_city = [[Muqdishu]]
| hq_location_country = [[Soomaaliya]]
| key_people    =
| industry      = Bangiyada, maaliyadda
| products      =  [[Adeegyada maaliyadeed]]
| services = Adeegyada Maaliyadeed ee Tafaariiqda&lt;br /&gt;bangiyada mobilada&lt;br /&gt;Adeegyada kaadhka&lt;br /&gt;Bangiyada Islaamka
|
| homepage      = {{URL|www.salaambank.so}}
}}
Waxaa la aas aasay sanadkii 2009-kii, waxaana uu ahaa Banggigii ugu horeeyay ee Soomaaliyeed oo dalka ku soo kordhiya adeegyo cusub oo Bangi, sida SWIFT .
==Taariikhda==
Salaam Somali Bank waxaa la aas aasay October 2009.  Waa bangigii ugu horeeyay ee ka howlgala Soomaaliya tan iyo 1991-kii, waxaana la aas aasay in uu adeegyo Bangi oo la aamini karo u fidiyo ganacsatada iyo bulshada Soomaaliyeed, iyo sidoo kale dib u dhiska nidaamka bangiyada dalka si loo fududeeyo horumarinta dhaqaalaha iyo kobaca dhaqaalaha. 
Salaam Somali Bank halkan SSB, waa bangi islaami ah oo dhamaystiran kaas oo bartilmaameedsada macaamiisha iyo ganacsatadaba. Bangigu wuxuu bixiyaa bangi shakhsi ah, bangi ganacsi, iyo bangi aan faa'iido doon ahayn.  Intaa waxaa dheer, bangigu wuxuu bixiyaa bangiyada online-ka ah , kaas oo markii ugu horreysay laga hirgeliyay dalka 2010 iyada oo loo marayo adeegga DEEQTOON. Qalabkan casriga ah ayaa la sameeyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo tignoolajiyada Hormuud Telecom si loogu oggolaado in bangiyada mobilada la helo markii ugu horreysay taariikhda Soomaaliya. Lacagta lagu shubo mobilada, lacag-bixinta, xawilaadaha bangiyada iyo hubinta hadhaaga ayaa dhamaantood noqday adeegyo dalka laga heli karo. Adeeggeeda DEEQTOON waxa uu helay sanad ka dib 2011, kaas oo u oggolaaday in xisaabaadku lacag lagu xawilo oo wax lagu iibsado dijitaalka ah. SWIFT ayaa la soo bandhigay wax yar ka dib, taas oo u ogolaatay wareejinta caalamiga ah ee degdega ah oo sugan.  Waxa kale oo ay bixisaa bangiyada mobilada iyo kaadhadhka lacag-bixinta . Hormuud Salaam Foundation waxaa la aas aasay sanadkii 2009-kii, waana bangiga kaliya ee Soomaaliya ku yaalla xilligaas oo leh gacan samafal oo madax-bannaan. 
Salaam Somali Bank ayaa bilaabay barnaamijka bilaha ah ee maalgelinta yar yar sanadkii 2011. Barnaamijku gabi ahaanba waa bilaash, 2021 wuxuu barnaamijku taageeray 6,306 iyadoo 59% rag ah iyo 41% haween ah ay heleen $7.5 milyan. Waxaa lagu fidiyay guud ahaan xarumaha Salaam Somali Bank ee dalka oo dhan miyi iyo magaalo.
Sanadkii 2014-kii, machadku waxa uu sidoo kale Muqdisho ka bilaawday in uu bixiyo adeegyada makiinadaha lacagta (ATM) .    Markii la soo bandhigay aaladaha waxaa lagu dalacsiiyay inay yihiin kuwii ugu horreeyay ee noocooda ah ee Soomaaliya. 
Baananka Soomaaliyeed ayaa tobankii sano ee u dambeeyay soo maray kobac aad u wanaagsan, taas oo keentay in dalka laga furo 13 bangi oo ganacsi oo shati haysta oo ay ku jirto SSB. Wadar ahaan waxay haystaan ​​US$1,462.5 milyan oo hanti ah. 
Salaam Somali Bank qaybteeda maalgelinta waxay si firfircoon uga qayb qaadatay dib u dhiska Soomaaliya iyada oo loo marayo maalgashi istiraatiiji ah oo kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha ah. Waxay ahayd maal-geliyaha kaliya ee magaalada Daaru Salaam, xaafad cagaaran, raaxo leh oo ku taal Muqdisho . Mashruucu waxa uu ka kooban yahay 2000 oo guri, oo ay qaadi karaan 12,000 oo qof. Magaaladu waxay ku faantaa adeegyo dhammaystiran: si fudud loo heli karo, suuq maxalli ah, xarumo [[caafimaad]] iyo dugsiyo.
2023, SSB waxay bilawday qorshe caymis xoolaha ah oo lagu taageerayo xoolo-dhaqatada abaarta. Iyadoo lala kaashanayo Bangiga Adduunka iyo ZEP-RE, caymisku waa qayb ka mid ah barnaamij ballaaran oo lagu dhimayo ku tiirsanaanta xoolo-dhaqatada ee gargaarka iyo horumarinta helitaanka adeegyada maaliyadeed. Tan waxa ku jira kor u qaadida xisaabaadka kaydka iyo 90% caymiska xoolaha oo la kabo, kaas oo ka caawin doona xoolo-dhaqatada calafka calafka marka la waayo caws ay daaqaan.

==Hogaaminta iyo Dawladnimada==
SSB waxaa hogaaminaya maamulka sare ee ururka iyo agaasimaha maamulka Shucayb Xaaji Nuur Maxamed.

==Hawlgallada==
Salaam Somali Bank ayaa xaruntii ugu horeysay ka furtay Xamarweyne iyo bakaaraha iyadoo markii dambe xarumo kale ka furtay magaalada Muqdisho.  Waxay ku leedahay 50 laamood oo ku kala baahsan dalka Soomaaliya, waxayna ku leedahay 20 laamood caasimadda dalka. SSB waxa ay si buuxda shareecada u waafaqaysaa ganacsiga iyo maalgelinta maalgashiga, min yar ilaa heer shirkadeed. Maaliyaddeeda ganacsi waxay diiradda saartaa maalgelinta dakhliga go'an, badeecooyinka, iyo sinnaanta. 
Salaam Somali Bank waxa uu adeegyo maaliyadeed u fidiyaa ganacsatada yar yar, kuwa dhexdhexaadka ah iyo kuwa waaweyn iyo sidoo kale NGO-yada .Waxay leedahay wax badan oo ka yimaada mulkiilayaasha keligood ah ilaa shirkadaha la isku daray.
===Adeegyada===
Salaam Somali Bank adeegyadiisa bangiyeedka gaarka ah waxa ka mid ah xisaabaadka hadda jira (shaqsiyeedka iyo ganacsiga), iyo sidoo kale xisaabaadka kaydka (Akoonka Dalmar ee qurbajoogta, xisaabaadka xajka-Cumra, akoontiga kaydka ardayda). 
Nidaamka mushaar bixinta wuxuu ogolaanayaa adeegga lacag-bixinta elektaroonigga ah ee shaqaalaha, waratada iyo hay'ad kasta oo maaliyadeed oo Soomaaliyeed, taas oo u oggolaanaysa dadka isticmaala inay bixiyaan lacag-bixinno maalinle ah / toddobaadle ah / bishii, iyada oo la xoojinayo amniga. Macaamiishu waxay ku wareejin karaan lacagaha doolarka Maraykanka; maamul lacagaha; oo hel ogeysiisyada xawaaladaha SMS iyo iimaylka dadka qaata. Wax soo saarkeeda Maalgelinta Islaamka ayaa fududeeya Mudharabah, Murabahah iyo Musharakah.
Adeegyada bangiyada ganacsiga ee machadku waxa ka mid ah xisaabaadka ganacsiga ee hadda jira, dammaanad qaadka bangiga iyo waraaqaha deynta. 
Bangigu waxa kale oo uu bixiyaa maaliyadda ganacsiga, taas oo ah tan ugu weyn ee dakhliga jumlada ee bangiga oo ku dhaca maalgelinta dakhliga go'an, badeecadaha, iyo sinnaanta. Bangigu wuxuu u adeegsadaa SWIFT xawaaladihiisa caalamiga ah, taasoo u oggolaanaysa qulqulka lacagaha gudaha iyo dibedda Soomaaliya . Adeegyadeeda bangi ee aan faa'iido doonka ahayn waxaa ka mid ah Koontada Aaminaada ee hay'adaha aan dowliga ahayn, ururada, bulshada iyo aaminaadaha. 
Bangigu waxa kale oo uu daah-furay badeeco (Kaalkaal) oo loogu talagalay ganacsiyada yaryar iyo xirfadleyda. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay bixisaa ka hortagga lacag-dhaqidda. 
SSB waxay siisaa macaamiisheeda gaarka ah iyo kuwa ganacsiba fursado maalgelineed oo Islaami ah oo kala duwan. Tan waxaa ka mid ah adeegyada maaliyadeed ee ku saleysan sinnaanta, Musharakah iyo Mudarabah, adeegyada maaliyadeed ee hantida ku saleysan, Murabaha iyo Istisna, iyo sidoo kale Ijaarah (kireysi) iyo Qardul Xasan (dhaqaale deyn ku saleysan oo bilaash ah).

==Hormuud Salaam Foundation==
Hormuud Salaam Foundation (HSF) waa hay’ad samafal oo ay si buuxda u maalgaliyaan Hormuud Telecom iyo Salaam Somali Bank, oo loo abuuray in lagu horumariyo nolol maalmeedka Soomaalida . Adeegyadeedu waxay ku kooban yihiin waxbarashada, daryeelka caafimaadka, tababarka xirfadaha farsamada iyo shaqada. 
Intii uu socday cudurka safmarka ah ee Covid-19 , SSB waxa ay deeqo badan siisay nidaamka daryeelka caafimaadka Soomaaliya si ay gacan uga geysato daawaynta iyo yaraynta fiditaanka fayraska. Yaraanta ba'an ee Ogsajiinta ka jirta Soomaaliya intii lagu jiray cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19 ayaa horseeday in SSB ay qayb ahaan maalgeliso warshaddii ugu horreysay ee Ogsajiinta dadweynaha ee dalka. Sannadkii 2021, HSF waxa ay taageertay dadaalka lagu caawinayo ururinta $4 milyan ee sanduuqa gargaarka ee Shabakadda Action Network ee Covid-19, iyada oo la kaashanaysa Rugta Ganacsiga Soomaaliyeed . 
HSF waxa ay maalgelisaa gargaar iyo mashaariic horumarineed oo samafal oo kala duwan, waxayna si toos ah wax uga qabataa dhibaatooyinka bini'aadantinimo ee Soomaaliya oo dhan. Tan iyo 2022, waxa ay bixisay gargaar lacageed oo joogto ah si loo yareeyo saamaynta abaartu ku yeelatay bulshada. Bishii Maajo 2023, waxay ahayd middii ugu horreysay ee ka jawaabtay masiibadii daadadka ee barakiciyay rubuc milyan Soomaali ah . NGO-gu wuxuu kaloo bixiyaa adeegyada horumarinta bulshada wuxuuna bixiyaa barnaamijyo tababar bulshooyinka Soomaaliyeed. Barnaamijyada waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu kordhiyo awoodda shakhsiyaadka si ay u helaan fursadaha shaqo iyo waxbarashada.

==Xeerarka==
Bangigu waxa uu ka mid ahaa kuwii ugu horreeyay ee qaata halbeegyada sharci ee caalamiga ah ee Soomaaliya Oo ay ku jiraan ISO Certified 9001:2015 ee 2022 iyo heerka Bankiga Dhexe ee Soomaaliya ee 2009. 
==Xusuusin==
[https://www.financialfortunemedia.com/salaam-somali-bank-digs-up-innovation-ingredients-to-spur-growth/ &quot;Salaam Somali Bank oo qodaya walxo hal abuur leh si ay u kobciyaan kobaca&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20200806230716/http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/Somalia-gets-its-first-cash-machine-ever/-/539550/2478224/-/view/printVersion/-/13hvgijz/-/index.html &quot;Soomaaliya waxay heshay mashiinka lacagta caddaanka ah ee ugu horreeya abid&quot;]//Ganacsiga maalinlaha ah. 7 Oktoobar 2014.

[https://www.financialfortunemedia.com/salaam-somali-bank-digs-up-innovation-ingredients-to-spur-growth/ &quot;Salaam Somali Bank Oo Qoday Walxaha Innovation Si Ay U Kordhiso Koritaanka&quot;]//Maaliyadeed Fortune Media. Ogosto 11, 2023

[https://cioafrica.co/driving-somalias-financial-inclusion-salaam-somali-banks-story/ &quot;Driving Somalia's Financial Inclusion: Salaam Somali Bank's Story&quot;]

[https://www.zawya.com/en/business/salaam-somali-bank-to-distribute-4mln-to-somalias-best-and-brightest-young-entrepreneurs-bt7afr44 Somali Bank ayaa $4mn ugu qaybin doona Soomaaliya hal-abuurada ugu wanagsan ee ugu wanagsan]

[https://www.garoweonline.com/en/news/press-releases/saving-lives-through-awareness-somalia-s-leading-telecom-hormuud-plays-a-significant-role-in-battling-the-covid-19 &quot;Badbaadinta Nolosha iyadoo loo marayo wacyi-gelin, waxaa kaalin mug leh ka qaadata isgaarsiinta Hormuud ee hormuudka ka ah Soomaaliya&quot;]  //Garowe Online

[https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/medical-devices/somalia-opens-first-public-oxygen-plant-to-help-treat-covid-19-amid-severe-shortage/86676431 &quot;Soomaaliya waxay furtay warshaddii ugu horreysay ee Ogsajiinta dadweynaha si ay gacan uga geysato daweynta COVID-19 iyadoo ay jirto gabaabsi daran&quot;]//Waqtiyada Hindiya

[https://web.archive.org/web/20241226054249/https://www.horndiplomat.com/2021/03/31/somalia-calls-for-4-million-donation-for-relief-fund-as-lack-of-oxygen-causes-sharp-rise-in-covid-19-deaths/ {{Wayback|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226054249/https://www.horndiplomat.com/2021/03/31/somalia-calls-for-4-million-donation-for-relief-fund-as-lack-of-oxygen-causes-sharp-rise-in-covid-19-deaths/ |date=20241226054249 }} &quot;Soomaaliya waxay ku baaqday $4 milyan oo deeq ah oo loogu talagalay 'sanduuqa gargaarka' iyadoo la'aanta ogsajiin ay sababtay sare u kaca dhimashada COVID-19&quot;]

[https://www.garoweonline.com/en/news/somalia/hormuud-salaam-foundation-donates-100-000-to-small-traders-affected-by-tragic-bakara-market-fire &quot;Hormuud Salaam Foundation oo $100,000 ugu deeqday dabkii khasaaraha geystay ee suuqa ka kacay&quot;]

[https://www.garoweonline.com/en/news/salaam-somali-bank-contributes-to-somalias-economic-growth-through-a-free-microfinance-program &quot;Salaam Somali Bank waxa uu gacan ka geystaa kobaca dhaqaalaha&quot;]//Garowe Online</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bangiga Premier</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="3468" sha1="nfc0dlrpawqgme53je1k8i7xqah5tgx" xml:space="preserve">'''Bangiga Premier''' waa bangi ganacsi oo waafaqsan shareecada [[Soomaaliyeed]] oo gaar loo leeyahay . Waxaa lagu daray Soomaaliya 2013-kii, waxaana shati siiyay Bangiga Dhexe ee [[Soomaaliya]] 2014.

{{Infobox company
| name = Bangiga Premier
| logo = Premier Bank Logo.png
| logo_size = 200px
| type = [[Bangiga gaarka ah]]
| industry = [[Bangiyada]] &lt;br/&gt;[[Adeegyada maaliyadeed]]
| foundation = {{start date and age |2013}}
| location = Dhismaha Premier Bank HQ, Waddada Makka al-Mukarama [[Hodan]]
| hq_location_city = [[Muqdishu]]
| hq_location_country = [[Soomaaliya]]
| area_served = [[Soomaaliya]] iyo [[Kenya]]
| key_people = Cismaan Ducaale ([[madaxa fulinta |Maamulaha guud]])
&lt;br/&gt;Jibriil Xasan Maxamed ([[Gudoomiye]])
| products = [[Bangiyada tafaariiqda]], [[Bangiyada gaarka loo leeyahay]], [[Maalgelinta baabuurta]],
| services = [[Kaydinta]], [[Hajj]] &amp; [[Cumrada]] [[Maalgelinta]], [[Xawaaladaha]] qurbaha, [[Current account (bangiyada)|Koontada hadda]]
| num_employees = 
| homepage = https://www.premierbank.so/
}}
Wuxuu ahaa bangigii ugu horreeyay ee Soomaaliya ee oggolaada kaararka deynta Master Card iyo la shuraakowga Visa .
=Taariikhda=
[[File:2015_05_21_Premier_Bank-5_(17909544676).jpg|thumb|Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya Xasan Sheekh Maxamuud ayaa maanta oo ay taariikhdu tahay 21-ka May 2015 ka furmaya magaalada Muqdisho ee caasimadda Soomaaliya, waxaana ka qeyb galaya madax kale.]]
Premier Bank waxa la furay May 21, 2015   
sida shareecada ay qabto maalgashadayaasha Somalida ah ee khibrada u leh bangiyada ee ka kala socda South Sudan, Djibouti iyo Kenya. Munaasabadda furitaanka bangigan ayaa waxaa si rasmi ah u furay madaxweynihii hore ee Soomaaliya Xasan Sheekh Maxamuud .
Bangigu waxa uu laamo ku leeyahay Muqdisho iyo sidoo kale Hargeysa Somaliland . 
Premier Bank oo kaashanaya MasterCard iyo SWIFT waxay siisaa macaamiisheeda maxalliga ah adeegyada maaliyadeed ee khadka tooska ah ee caalamiga ah.
Guddoomiyaha Bankiga Premier, Jibriil Xasan Maxamuud ayaa ku dhawaaqay intii uu socday shirkii Muqdisho Tech Summit 2018 lacag hal milyan oo dollar ah oo loogu talagalay shirkadaha teknoolojiyadda Soomaaliyeed.

=Tixraac=
[https://web.archive.org/web/20250618031217/https://www.premierbank.so/about-us/ &quot;Annaga nagu saabsan&quot;]

[http://newsroom.mastercard.com/press-releases/mastercard-becomes-first-international-payments-network-to-enter-somalia/ &quot;MasterCard Oo Noqotay Shabakad Lacag-bixineed Caalami Ah Oo Soo Gala Soomaaliya&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://newsroom.mastercard.com/press-releases/mastercard-becomes-first-international-payments-network-to-enter-somalia/ |date=20230127022355 }}//MasterCard iyo Premier Bank. 3 Juun 2015

[https://amisom-au.org/2015/05/premier-bank-formally-opens-its-doors-in-somalia/ &quot;Premier Bank oo si rasmi ah albaabada ugu furay Soomaaliya]

[https://www.radiodalsan.com/en/2017/05/28/premier-bank-now-in-hargeisa-somaliland/ &quot;Premier Bank Hadda Hargeysa Somaliland&quot;]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}//May 28, 2017

[https://ventureburn.com/2018/10/somalian-premier-irise-fund/ &quot;Bangiga, oo ah xarun maxalli ah oo daah-furtay lacag dhan 1-milyan oo doollar oo loogu tala-galay bilowgayaasha Soomaaliya&quot;]// 26 Oktoobar 2018.

[https://web.archive.org/web/20200220210931/http://goobjoog.com/english/boost-for-start-ups-in-somalia-as-premier-bank-announces-1m-fund/ &quot;Kobcinta bilowga ah ee Soomaaliya iyadoo Premier Bank uu ku dhawaaqay sanduuqa $1m&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Maryan Axmed Cali</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="4375" sha1="clpmw66w73p4z6l1z102ud4eoe7davd" xml:space="preserve">Maryan Ahmed Ali ( [[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]] : Maryan Axmed Cali ) waa siyaasi ka soo jeeda Puntland , horayna u soo noqotay wasiirka horumarinta haweenka iyo arrimaha qoyska ( MoWDAFA ). Waxay ka mid noqotay golihii wasiiradda ee madaxweynihii hore ee Cabdiweli Gaas Mudadii ay xilka haysay waxay ka hadashay xadgudubyada ku salaysan jinsiga , gaar ahaan marka la eego dhimashada hooyada iyo dhallaanka. Sidoo kale intii ay xilka haysay ayay ahayd markii la furay shaybaadhka dambi-baarista Puntland, iyadoo si cad loogu taageeray sharci-fuliyayaasha si loo maxkamadeeyo kufsiga badan. Tan iyo markii ay soo noqotay wasiirka haweenka ee hadda. 

{{Infobox officeholder
| office              = [[Wasaaradda Horumarinta Haweenka iyo Arrimaha Qoyska|Wasiirka Horumarinta Haweenka &amp; Arrimaha Qoyska]]
| appointer           = [[Cabdiweli Gaas]]
| termstart           = Ogosto 2017
| termend             = Febraayo 2019
| successor           = [[Aamina Xaaji Cismaan]]
| office1             = [[Wasaaradda Horumarinta Haweenka iyo Arrimaha Qoyska]]
| termstart1          = 10 Maarso2024
}}
Bishii Disembar 2018 waxay daah-furtay Qorshaha Waxqabad ee Puntland. Isla bishaas waxay daah-furtay ka qaybgalka Puntland ee maalinta caalamiga ah ee ciribtirka tacadiyada ka dhanka ah haweenka . Natiijadii doorashada 2019-ka, waxaa xilka ku guuleysatay Aamina Xaaji Cismaan .Dabadeed waxay isu sharaxday inay noqoto madaxa xafiiska xuquuqul insaanka Puntland, balse waxaa ku guuldaraystay Mar Siciid Muumin
==Tixraac==
[https://www.garoweonline.com/en/news/puntland/somalia-puntland-president-unveils-his-new-cabinet-ministers &quot;Madaxwaynaha Puntland Oo Xadhiga Ka Jaray Wasiirkiisa Cusub&quot;]//Garowe Online . 2017 . 2023-02-26 

[https://somalia.un.org/index.php/en/33511-puntland-first-lady-leads-fight-against-maternal-and-neonatal-deaths,%20https://somalia.un.org/index.php/en/33511-puntland-first-lady-leads-fight-against-maternal-and-neonatal-deaths{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} &quot;Marwada Madaxweynaha Puntland oo hogaamineysa dagaalka ka dhanka ah dhimashada hooyada iyo dhallaanka | Qaramada Midoobay ee Soomaaliya&quot;] {{Dead link|date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}//somalia.un.org .  2023-02-26

[https://www.newsgram.com/general/2017/09/15/end-of-the-culture-of-silence-somalia-gets-its-first-forensic-lab-to-handle-cases-of-rape-and-gender-based-violence &quot;Dhammaadka 'Dhaqanka Aamusnaanta': Soomaaliya waxay heshay Shaybaarkii ugu horreeyay ee Dambi-baadhiseed si wax looga qabto Kiisaska Kufsiga iyo Xadgudubyada ku salaysan Jinsiga&quot;]//NewsGram . 15ka Sebtembar 2017 .  2023-02-26

[https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2024/Mar/195378/puntland_state_president_appoints_36_ministers_to_complete_cabinet.aspx &quot;Madaxweynaha Puntland oo magacaabay 36 wasiir si loo soo dhameystiro golaha wasiirada&quot;]//www.hiiraan.com . 2025-04-02

(Faarax (2018-12-19) [https://puntlandpost.net/2018/12/19/ministry-of-women-launched-policy-of-the-puntland-plan-of-action-for-children/ &quot;Wasaaradda haweenka ayaa daah-furtay siyaasadda qorshaha waxqabadka carruurta Puntland&quot;]//Puntland Post . 2023-02-26

Nageeye, Axmed (2018-12-07).[https://web.archive.org/web/20230226141902/https://muqdisho.online/the-ministry-of-womens-affairs-in-puntland-has-launched-an-anti-violence-campaign-against-women/ {{Wayback|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226141902/https://muqdisho.online/the-ministry-of-womens-affairs-in-puntland-has-launched-an-anti-violence-campaign-against-women/ |date=20230226141902 }} &quot;Wararkii ugu dambeeyay, Somalia, Caasimada Online, Hiiraan, Jowhar, Garoowe, Somaliland, Puntland, Jubbaland&quot;]//Muqdisho Online. Caasimada Muqdisho .  2023-02-26 .

Faarax (2018-11-21)[https://puntlandpost.net/2018/11/21/the-ministry-of-womens-affairs-of-the-puntland-state-celebrates-international-childrens-day/ “Wasaaradda Haweenka ee Dowladda Puntland ayaa u dabaal-dagtay Maalinta Caalamiga ah ee Carruurta”]//Puntland Post . 2023-02-26

[https://www.garoweonline.com/en/news/puntland/somalia-new-puntland-president-appoints-leaner-cabinet &quot;Soomaaliya: Madaxweynaha cusub ee Puntland oo magacaabay gole wasiiro oo liita&quot;]//Garowe Online . 30ka Juun 2020 . 2023-02-26

[http://www.mrfsom.org/puntland-human-rights-defender/ &quot; Difaacaha Xuquuqda Aadanaha Puntland – Manaal Relief Foundation&quot;]//2023-02-26</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sarmaanyo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="8295" sha1="o7am2glrdd3192cx82f8vfjsr4hvecc" xml:space="preserve">'''Sarmaanyo''' waa magaalo ka tirsan gobolka [[Sool]] ee [[Soomaaliya]] /[[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]]  (Mararka qaar waxaa lagu tiriyaa gobolka [[Sanaag]]  Magaalada waxaa ku badan dadka ka soo jeeda qowmiyadda Soomaalida , gaar ahaan beesha [[Reer-Darawiish]] ee Harti [[Daarood]] .
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name                   = Sarmaanyo
| other_name                      = 
| native_name                     = 
| nickname                        = 
| settlement_type                 = Magaalo
| motto                           = 
| image_skyline                   = 
| imagesize                       = 
| image_caption                   = 
| image_flag                      = 
| flag_size                       = 
| image_seal                      = 
| seal_size                       = 
| image_map                       = 
| mapsize                         = 
| map_caption                     = 
| pushpin_map                     = Somaliland
| pushpin_label_position          = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize                 = 
| pushpin_map_caption             = Goobta Somaliland
| subdivision_type                = Wadanka
| subdivision_name                = {{flag|Somaliland}} &lt;br/&gt;(lagu muransan yahay {{flag|Puntland}})
| subdivision_type1               = [[Gobolada Soomaaliya|Gobolka]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Sool|Sool]]
| subdivision_type2               = 
| subdivision_name2               = 
| government_footnotes            = 
| government_type                 = 
| leader_title                    = 
| leader_name                     = 
| established_title               = 
| established_date                = 
| area_magnitude                  = 
| unit_pref                       = Metric
| area_footnotes                  = 
| area_total_km2                  = 
| area_land_km2                   = 
| population_as_of                = 2007&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author=WFP Somalia |date=April 2007 |url=https://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/ena/wfp144576.pdf?iframe |title=Puntland Food Security and Vulnerability Assessment |accessdate=2021-06-17 |archive-date=2021-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208173229/https://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/ena/wfp144576.pdf?iframe |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_footnotes            = 
| population_note                 = 
| population_total                = 1020
| population_density_km2          = 
| timezone                        = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset                      = +3
| timezone_DST                    = 
| utc_offset_DST                  = 
| coordinates                     = {{coord|9|29|21|N|47|59|38|E|region:SO-SO|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_footnotes             = 
| elevation_m                     = 
| postal_code_type                = 
| postal_code                     = 
| area_code                       = 
| blank_name                      = 
| blank_info                      = 
| website                         = 
| footnotes                       = 
| name                            = 
}}
==Taariikhda dhow==
Bishii March 2003, Puntland waxay ciidamo geysay Sarmaanyo, Xingalool , iyo Fiqifuliye iyo deegaano kale oo ku teedsan xuduudka. 
Sida ku cad sahan la sameeyey bishii Disembar 2003, cudurrada sida shubanka , dhiig-yarida , ARI iyo duumada ayaa kordhay, gaar ahaan Dhahar , Shimbiraale, Sarmaanyo, iyo Baraakta Qol . 
Sarmaanyo iyo tuulooyinka kale ee Sool waxa kor u kac ku yimid lacagaha qurbajoogtu ka soo xawilaan 2009 36% iyo 14% intii u dhaxaysay 2009 iyo 2010. 
October 2011, SomaliReport ayaa sheegtay in Sarmaanyo oo ka tirsan Puntland uu ka mid yahay meelaha ay abaaruhu ku dhufteen ee gobolka Sool. 
January 12, 2012 ayaa lagu dhawaaqay maamulka Khaatumo . Laba maalmood ka dib ku dhawaaqistiisa waxa dagaal ku dhex maray ciidamada Somaliland iyo maleeshiyo beeleedka Reer-Darawiish meel u dhow Buuhoodle . Sawirro muujinaya khasaaraha ka dhashay dagaalkan ayaa ka soo muuqday Internet-ka, taasoo keentay bannaanbaxyo taageersan Khaatumo oo ka dhacay Laascaanood iyo Sarmaanyo.   : 104 
Sannadkii 2013-kii, mid ka mid ah cuqaasha beesha Reer-Darawiish Garaad Saleebaan Garaad Maxamed ayaa shir ay ku yeesheen magaalada Sarmaanyo kaga tashanayaan aayaha maamulka Khaatumo iyo beesha Reer-Darawiish, shirkaas oo ay ka qaybgaleen beesha Ugaadhyahan, balse wada-hadalladaas ayaa ahaa kuwo aan natiijo lahayn oo dhawr bilood socday. : 112 
Bishii December 2013, Garaad Saleebaan Garaad Maxamed iyo odayaal kale oo Sarmaanyo ah ayaa hakiyay dagaalkii aagga Taleex. 
Bishii Luulyo 2014, Madaxweyne Siilaanyo wuxuu ku dhawaaqay in la isku daray Taleex , Sarmaanyo, Xalin , Carroolay iyo Godaalo uu yahay gobolka cusub ee Xaysimo . 
Bishii Janaayo 2015, dowladda hoose ee Sarmaanyo ayaa ka cawday in dhibaatada ka jirta qeybinta gar gaarka ay sabab u tahay maamulka Hay’adda Gargaarka iyo Maareynta Musiibooyinka Puntland ee HADMA. 
Bishii Febraayo 2016, ka dib markii uu si weyn uga dillaacay gobolka Sool cudurka Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia iyo cudurro kale oo xoolaha ah, ayaa Wasaaradda Xannaanada Xoolaha Puntland waxay samaysay olole lagu daweynayo. 
May 2018, dadka deegaanka Sarmaanyo ayaa mudaaharaad ay ku taageerayaan ciidamada Puntland iyo saamaynta ay ku lahaayeen in gobolka Sool laga xoreeyo ciidamada Somaliland.
December 6, 2018, dawladda Puntland ayaa ansixisay maamul cusub oo loo samaynayo degmooyinka Taleex , Godaalo , Carrooleey, iyo Sarmaanyo. 
Bishii April 2019, ciidamada Somaliland iyo maleeshiyaad taabacsan Somaliland ayaa qabsaday degmada Taleex ee gobolka Sool. Ciidanka Khaatumo ayaa isaga baxay iyadoo aan dagaal dhicin. 
Bishii Oktoobar 2019, waxaa deegaanka Xuddun oo uu ka mid yahay Sarmaanyo ka dhacay ayax. Maayarka Xuddun ayaa gurmad ka dalbaday ciidamada Somaliland si loo dabar gooyo. 
May 2020, dawladda Somaliland ayaa xarun caafimaad ka dhistay degmada Sarmaanyo
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Magaalada Sarmaanyo waxa degta beesha Reer-Darawiish. Labada qaybood ee Naleeye Ahmed iyo Mohamoud Ugadhyahan ee laanta Maxamuud Garaad . Beesha Cabdi Maxamuud Ugaasdhyahan ayaa si fiican uga dhex muuqda oo haya Garaadka Maxamuud Garaad, Garaad Saleebaan Garaad Maxamed oo ku dhashay magaaladan. 
==Tixraac==
[https://www.faoswalim.org/resources/Land/Environmental_Study_Degradation_Sool_Plateau_and_Gebi.pdf &quot;DARAASADDA DEEGAANKA EE XUMADA GOBOLKA SOOL IYO DOOXA GEBI: GOBOLKA SANAAG EE WAQOOYIGA SOOMAALIYA&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.faoswalim.org/resources/Land/Environmental_Study_Degradation_Sool_Plateau_and_Gebi.pdf |date=20231204053434 }}

[http://www.haatuf.net/Archive2003/00027900.htm &quot;Xaalada Garoowe Iyo Baqa Laga Qabo Mucaadka Hubaysan&quot;]

[https://hiiraan.ca/news/2013/dec/wararka_maanta7-44405.htm &quot;Madax-dhaqameedyo, Waxgarad iyo Haween ku baaqay in si Nabad ah lagu Xalliyo Colaaddii ka dhacday Degmada Taleex&quot;]

[https://hargeisapress.com/madaxweynaha-somaliland-oo-magacaabay-gobolka-cusub-ee-xaysimo-ee-magaalo-madaxdiisu-tahay-taleex/ &quot;Madaxweynaha Somaliland Oo Magacaabay Gobolka Cusub Ee Xaysimo Ee Magaalo Madaxdiisu Tahay Taleex&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://hargeisapress.com/madaxweynaha-somaliland-oo-magacaabay-gobolka-cusub-ee-xaysimo-ee-magaalo-madaxdiisu-tahay-taleex/ |date=20251210120845 }}

[https://radioergo.org/en/2016/02/10/puntland-vets-treat-deadly-goat-disease-in-sool/ &quot;XAFIISKA PUNTLAND AYAA KA DAAWAYNAYA XANUUNKA RIGA SOOL AH&quot;]

[https://puntlandpost.net/2018/12/06/golaha-wasiirada-dowladda-puntland-oo-ansixiyay-gobol-cusub/ &quot;GOLAHA WASIIRADA DOWLADDA PUNTLAND OO ANSIXIYAY GOBOL CUSUB&quot;]

[http://www.puntlandes.com/?p=50954 &quot;Daawo Shacab deegaanada Sarmaanyo &amp; Awrboogeys ee G Sool oo taageeray Puntland ee xoraynta G Sool&quot;]

[https://wargeyskadawan.com/2020/05/24/xaysimo-xukuumadda-oo-dhisme-cusub-u-dhistay-xarunta-caafimaadka-d-sarmaanyo-oo-ku-shaqayn-jirtay-guri-kiro/ &quot;Xaysimo: Xukuumadda oo dhisme cusub u dhistay xarunta askari D. Sarmaanyo oo ku shaqayn jirtay guri kiro&quot;]

[https://pure.mpg.de/rest/items/item_2417357/component/file_2417356/content Inta u dhaxaysa Somaliland iyo Puntland : hayb-sooc, mileteri iyo aragti siyaasadeed oo iska soo horjeeda]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-4573707&amp;fid=5780&amp;c=somalia Sarmaanyo]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Maxaas</title>
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      <text bytes="4241" sha1="9ydkm0o9b19lvcwx38nn0c09cbkak45" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Maxaas
| native_name        = 
| other_name         = 
| nickname           = 
| settlement_type    =Magaalo 
| motto              = 
| image_skyline      = 
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_map          = 
| mapsize            = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = Somalia
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Goobta Soomaaliya.
| subdivision_type   = Wadanka
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Somalia}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Maamulgoboleedka Soomaaliya|Maamul Goboleedka]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{flag|Hirshabeelle}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[Gobolada Soomaaliya|Gobolka]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Hiiraan]]
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = Xakamaynta
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| area_magnitude     = 
| leader_name        = {{flag|al-Shabaab}}
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_total_km2     = 
| area_land_km2      = 
| population_as_of   = 
| population_footnotes = 
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 
| population_density_km2 = 
| timezone           = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset         = +3
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| coordinates        = {{coord|4|23|27|N|46|5|18|E|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
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}}
'''Mahas''' ([[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]: Maxaas ) waa magaalo ku taal bartamaha dalka [[Soomaaliya]] ee gobolka [[Hiiraan]] waana xarunta [[Degmada Maxaas]] ee bari.

==Taariikhda==
4-tii Janaayo 2023, al-Shabaab laba qarax oo baabuur ayaa dilay 35 qof.
3-dii Sebtembar 2023, waxaa magaalada booqday Madaxweyne Xasan Sheekh Maxamuud si uu dib u habeyn ugu sameeyo ciidamada deegaanka
ka dib markii dhowaan laga adkaaday Al-Shabaab .
7-dii Agoosto 2024, Howlgalka Midowga Afrika ee Ku Meel Gaarka ah ee Soomaaliya (ATMIS) ayaa ku wareejiyay Saldhigga Howlgelinta Maxaas Horudhac (FOB) ee Ciidanka Xoogga Dalka Soomaaliyeed (SNAF) taasoo qeyb ka ah wejiga Saddexaad ee socda. 
27kii Luulyo 2025, al-Shabaab ayaa la wareegay magaalada. Sida ay sheegeen dad goob joogayaal ah ciidamada dowladda ayaa xalay si lama filaan ah isaga baxay, waxaana dadka deegaanka ay sheegeen in maleeshiyaadka Macawisleeyda ah ee deegaanka ay filayeen weerar dhanka Waqooyi ah balse Al-Shabaab taa badalkeeda dhanka koofureed ay uga soo dhaqaaqeen, taasoo lama filaan ku noqotay magaalada. 
==Tixraac==
[https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/weekly-choleraawd-situation-report-somalia-epidemiological-week-32-7-13-august-2023 &quot;Warbixinta Xaaladda Daacuunka/AWD-da toddobaadlaha ah - Soomaaliya, Toddobaadka Epidemiological Toddobaadka 32 (7-13 Agoosto 2023)&quot;]

[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-64167474 &quot;Qaraxyo Baabuur Soomaali ah: Qoys ka kooban sagaal qof ayaa lagu dilay weerar ka dhacay Hiiraan&quot;]

[https://www.voasomali.com/a/madaxweyne-xasan-sheekh-oo-gaaray-degmada-maxaas/7252469.html &quot;Madaxweyne Xasan Sheekh oo gaaray degmada Maxaas&quot;]//2023

[https://www.voanews.com/a/somali-president-says-military-operations-against-al-shabab-will-continue-until-final-victory-/7246454.html “Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya Ayaa Sheegay In Howlgallada Ka Dhanka Ah Al-Shabaab Ay Sii Socon Doonaan Ilaa Guusha U Dambeyso]//6 Sebtembar 2023 .

[https://web.archive.org/web/20240807144357/https://www.somaliforums.com/viewtopic.php?t=13 {{Wayback|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807144357/https://www.somaliforums.com/viewtopic.php?t=13 |date=20240807144357 }} “Howlgalka Midowga Afrika ee Ku-meel-gaarka ah ee Soomaaliya (ATMIS) ayaa ku wareejiyay Saldhigga Howl-galka Maxaas ee horudhaca ah (FOB) ee Ciidanka Xoogga Dalka Soomaaliyeed (SNAF)”]

[https://www.garoweonline.com/en/news/somalia/somalia-s-president-arrives-in-addis-ababa-as-al-shabab-seizes-key-town &quot;Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya Oo Gaaray Addis Ababa Iyadoo Al-shabaab Laga Qabsaday Magaalo Muhiim Ah&quot;]//27 Luulyo 2025 
{{Gumud}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Qeybta 43-aad (Soomaaliya)</title>
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      <text bytes="5378" sha1="r16somlu2hykeb7bqhcr7ydiqsem9kh" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name                     = Division 43
| native_name                   = Qeybta 43aad
| image                         = Somali Army Flag.svg
| caption                       = Calanka Ciidanka Xoogga Dalka Soomaaliyeed
| dates                         = 2014-Hada
| country                       = [[Soomaaliya]]
| branch                        = [[Ciidanka Xoogga Dalka Soomaaliyeed]]
| type                          = [[Ciidanka lugta]]
| size                          = [[Qaybta (ciidanka)|Qaybinta]]
| garrison                      = [[Kismayo]], Soomaaliya
| garrison_label                = HQ
| battles                       = Dagaalkii Baar-Sanguuni
| commander1                    = Gen.  Cali Maxamed Maxamuud (Bogmadow)
}}
'''Qeybta 43-aad''', Ciidanka Xoogga Dalka Soomaaliyeed (Somali: Qeybta 43aad) waa qeyb ka mid ah Ciidanka Xoogga Dalka [[Soomaaliyeed]]. Waxay ku wajahan tahay dhanka koonfureed ee dalka, waxayna xarunteedu tahay magaalada [[Kismaayo]], waxayna hoos timaadaa maamul goboleedka [[Jubaland]].
==Samaynta iyo dagaalada==
Qeybtan ayaa ka kooban saddex qeybood oo waaweyn oo hoos yimaada oo kala ah guutada 10-aad (Somali: Guutada 10aad) oo xoogga saartay gobolka Gedo iyo Jubbada Dhexe oo xarunteedu tahay Garbahaarey , guutada 11-aad, waxay xoogga saartay Jubbada Hoose oo xarunteedu tahay Kismaayo, iyo guutada 30-aad oo xarunteedu tahay Ceel-waaq, waxayna diiradda saartay gobolka Gedo. Qaybtu waxa kale oo ay leedahay unug miino saarista oo si madaxbanaan ugu xidhan
Sanadkii 2018, guutada 11-aad ayaa weerar dhanka waqooyi ku qaaday tuulada Baar-Sanguuni, taasoo keentay in tuulada lagala wareego 7 maleeshiyo ah
Bishii Nofeembar 2021, weerar wadajir ah oo ka dhacay gobolka Gedo oo ay fuliyeen guutada 10-aad ayaa keentay in Al-Shabaab lagala wareego Barwaaqo iyo Kabis
Bishii Janaayo 2022 Maleeshiyaad ka tirsan Al-Shabaab ayaa weerar ku qaaday saldhig ay ciidamada xoogga dalka guutada 11-aad ku leeyihiin deegaanka Baar-Sanguuni, halkaasoo la iska caabiyey.
Bishii March 2022, guutada 11-aad oo ay wehliyaan kuwa Daraawiishta Jubaland ayaa howlgal ka dhan ah Al-Shabaab ka sameeyay meel u dhow tuulada Jamaame, halkaas oo ay ku dileen 10 maleeshiyo ah, 6 kalena ku soo qabteen
Bishii Disembar 2024-kii, taliyaha qeybta iyo guutada 11-aad ayaa xilka ka qaaday qeybta 2-aad ee Kaambooni 
Qeybta waxaa taliye u ahaa Jeneraal Aaden Kaalmooy ilaa 2022. 
Qaybtan waxaa hadda taliye u ah General Cali Maxamed Maxamuud oo lagu naanayso &quot;Bogmadow&quot;.{{cn}}
==Musuqmaasuqa iyo arrimaha siyaasadda==
Markii la dhisay maamulka KMG ah ee Juba iyo doorashadii Axmed Madoobe , dowladda Jubaland waxay ogolaatay in ilaa 1,440 dagaalyahano ah oo isugu jira maleeshiyooyin kala duwan iyo daraawiishta lagu daro qeybta 43-aad iyo ciidamada XDS oo ay wehliyaan 1,440 askari oo cusub iyo maleeshiyaad madax-banaan sanadkii 2015. Si kastaba ha ahaatee Janaayo 2016, waxaa la ogaaday in ilaa 500 oo ciidan laga saaray. Inkastoo aysan jirin ciidamo rasmi ah oo ka tirsan XDS oo ka tirsan qeybtaas ilaa laga soo gaaray caleemasaarkii bishii Luulyo 2015 ee Kismaayo, dukumentiyada SNA ee la siiyay golaha ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay waxay warbixinayeen 3,034 askari oo joogto ah tan iyo 2013. Lacagtan lama xisaabin.
2020 iyo 2021 cutubyo ka tirsan ciidamada federaalka iyo qaybta 43-aad ayaa dagaal kula jira ciidamada Daraawiishta deegaanka, dagaal ka dhacay Balad Xaawo oo dhexmaray 700 oo askari oo ka tirsan ciidanka XDS bishii May 2020, iyo dagaallo culus oo ciidamada Jubaland iyo kuwa XDS ku dhex maray Balad Xaawo bishii Janaayo 2021, taasoo keentay in ciidamada Jubaland laga qabsado dhowr boqol. Wasiirka Warfaafinta Soomaaliya Cismaan Dubbe ayaa bilaabay eedeymo ku saabsan in dowladda Kenya ay hubeyneyso maleeshiyaadkaas, waase uu beeniyay. 
==Tixraac==
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VTQXK_KP754 &quot;Abbaan duulaha qeybta 43-aad ee ciidanka xoogga oo tababar usoo xiray cutubyo ka tirsan ciidanka&quot;]

[https://www.facebook.com/share/v/19orKgkw62/ &quot;Taliska qeybta43 Ciidanka xoogga dalka Somaliyeed&quot;]

[https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid02v4tBtfLezv9g8c6LhG36HoznZSST7qtBZMWLq2sCp5zign97vwVNdnEXhAjCumwml&amp;id=107377511302259 &quot;Howlgal wadajir ah oo ka dhacay Gedo&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20230323012812/https://goobjoog.com/english/sna-kills-10-al-shabaab-members-captures-6-others/ SNA waxay dileen 10 ka tirsan Al-Shabaab, 6 kalena way qabteen&quot;]

[https://www.facebook.com/share/p/182uQHJoyH/ &quot;Taliska qeybta43 Ciidanka xoogga dalka Somaliyeed&quot;]

[https://www.facebook.com/Suxufi-Cabdinuur-110858024019924/videos/abaanduulaha-qeybta-43aad-ee-ciidamada-dhulka-xooga-dalka-soomaliyeed-general-aa/277993000891415/ &quot;Abaanduulaha Qeybta 43Aad Ee Ciidamada Dhulka Xooga Dalka Soomaaliya General Aadan Dhaqane Kaalmooy oo si diiran u soo dhaweeyey Maamulka Gobolka Gedo&quot;]

[http://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2021/jan/181458/sna_troops_jubbaland_regional_forces_clash_near_somalia_kenya_ahead_of_contentious_polls.aspx &quot;Ciidanka XDS iyo kuwa Jubbaland oo isku hor-fadhiya meel u dhow xadka Soomaaliya iyo Kenya ka hor doorashada&quot;]

[https://www.garoweonline.com/en/news/somalia/somalia-sna-troops-clash-with-jubaland-forces-in-gedo-several-casualties-reported &quot;Soomaaliya: Ciidamada XDS iyo kuwa Jubbaland oo ku dagaalamay Gobolka Gedo, Khasaare kala duwan ayaa ka dhashay&quot;]

[[Category:Ciidanka Soomaaliya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Garaad Cabdiqani Garaad Jaamac</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="4177" sha1="rkywt6ynnftq4zwauhg73vi0paqblur" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty
| image        = Garaadka_guud_ee_beesha_reer_darawiish_garaad_abdiqani.jpg
| succession   = Garaadka Reer-Darawiish
| reign        = 1985–2006
| predecessor  = [[Garaad Cali Garaad Jaamac]]
| successor    = [[Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali]]
| succession2  = 10-aad Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda Soomaaliya
| reign2       = December 1990 – 3 February 1991
| reign-type2  = In office
| house        = 
| father       = 
| mother       = 
| birth_date   = 
| birth_place  = 
| death_date   = 
| death_place  = 
| religion     = 
| spouse       = 
}}
'''Garad Abdiqani Garad Jama''' ([[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]: Garaad Cabdiqani Garaad Jaamac ) ayaa ahaa suldaanka guud ee beelaha [[Reer-Darawiish]] iyo wasiirkii tobnaad ee arrimaha dibadda Soomaaliya May 1991-kii Garaadku wuxuu hogaaminayey ergadii Reer-Darawiish shirkii waynayd ee ka dhacay Burco, wuxuuna markii ugu horaysay soo bandhigay qadiyada gooni isu taaga Somaliland  Waxa kale oo uu ka mid ahaa dhowr saxiixayaasha ku dhawaqida madax-banaanida [[Somaliland]] ee ka wakiil ah Reer-Darawiish.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Garaad Cabdiqani marnaba si buuxda uguma qancin gooni-isu-taagga Somaliland, waxaanu sannadkii 1993-kii dib uga noqday taageeradii uu u fidiyey Somaliland markii uu ka qayb-galay shirkii Boocame.
==Nolosha hore==
Cabdiqani Jaamac waxa uu sannadkii 1935-kii ku dhashay magaalada Laascaanood ee dalka Ingiriiska , waxaanu ka mid ahaa ardaydii ugu horreysay ee wax ka barata dugsigii hoose dhexe ee Laascaanood oo la aasaasay sannadihii 1940-kii. Waxa uu wax ku bartay Ingiriiska sannadihii 1950-aadkii, waxaanu ahaa bangi sannadihii 1950-kii iyo guddoomiye gobol sannadihii 1960-kii Sannadkii 1985-kii, waxa uu noqday Galad, isaga oo beddelay walaalkii Garaad Cali Garaad Jaamac (Cali Jaamac).
==SULF==
Garaad C/qani ayaa bilihii ka horeeyay ahaa Wasiirkii arrimaha dibadda ee Soomaaliya iyo markii uu Muqdisho ka dhacay burburkii dowladdii kacaanka ee Soomaaliya. Wuxuu sidaas ku noqday wasiirkii saddexaad ee Reer-Darawiish ee arrimaha dibadda Soomaaliya oo isku xigta, ka dib Axmed Qeybe iyo Cali Jingali
[[File:Sultan_Mohamed_Sultan_Farah_and_Garaad_Abdiqani.png|thumb|Suldaan Maxamed Suldaan Faarax Iyo Garaad Cabdiqani Oo Ku Sugan Baligubadle Xiligii Nabadaynta Somaliland]]
Garaad Cabdiqani waxa uu ahaa saxiixe 1990-kii Manifesto Soomaaliyeed ee la doonayey in lagu burburiyo dawladdii milateriga ahayd ee Soomaaliya, koox mafesto ah oo uu hoggaaminayey Ibraahim Abyan,  oo isna ahaa Reer-Darawiish.  SULF, ama Somali United Liberation Front, waxay ahayd qaabkii koobaad ee ay Reer-Darawiish ku muujin jireen dhaqdhaqaaqyada dawlad-diidka ah ee ka dhanka ah taliskii milateriga ee Soomaaliya dabayaaqadii 1980-meeyadii iyo horraantii 1990-aadkii. 
==Dambe==
Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali oo isaga bedelay ayaa weli mucaarad ku ah Puntland iyo Somaliland
Bishii December 2003-dii isaga oo ka hadlaya ciidamada Puntland ee duulaanka ku soo qaaday Laascaanood wuxuu ku jawaabay “Waxaan rabaa in ciidamada Puntland ay baxaan, dhanka kalena ma rabo in ciidamada Somaliland yimaadaan
Wuxuu ku dhintay 9-kii Febraayo, 2006, Jabuuti, sababo la xiriira xanuunka macaanka . Jagadii Garaadka waxa ku xigay wiil uu dhalay Cali Jaamac oo adeer u ahaa Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali .
==Sidoo kale eeg==
[[Reer-Darawiish]]
==Tixraac==
[https://books.google.com/books?id=Vzi6CwAAQBAJ Dawladdii is-dishay ee Soomaaliya: Kor u kac iyo dhicistii taliskii Siyaad Barre, 1969–1991]

[http://www.somalilandlaw.com/Burao_Conference_Elders_Signed_Resolution_050591.pdf &quot;Lifaaq 1: Go'aan Ka Soo Baxay Shirkii Odayaasha Burco&quot;]

[https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/10.2979/africatoday.60.4.3.pdf &quot;Dhismaha Dawlad-goboleedka De Facto: Somaliland iyo Puntland Marka La barbardhigo&quot;]

[https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5a44f918f9a61e04cdd5d717/t/5e9622ac275e9c745d1f8c10/1586897581908/Hoehene.pdf &quot;Somaliland: dhismaha adag ee dawlad-goboleedka ah&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20231006213105/https://radio2456.rssing.com/chan-8921108/all_p356.html &quot;SOMALIA: The Legacy of Garaad Cabdiqani Garaad Jaamac&quot;]

[http://www.haatuf.net/Archive2003/00049200.htm &quot;Waraysi Khaas Ah – Garaad Cabdiqani Garaad Jaamac&quot;]</text>
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    <title>Ugbaad Cabdi</title>
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      <text bytes="4256" sha1="saqhkkwi98jbn4r33vndin804f5e56q" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox model
|name         = Ugbaad Cabdi
|image        = 
|caption      = 
|birth_name   = 
|birth_date   = {{birth based on age as of date |19|2019|09|30}}
|birth_place  = [[Kismayo]], [[Soomaaliya]]
|occupation   = Model
|years_active = 2019–Hada
|haircolor    = Bunni
|eyecolor     = Bunni
|height       = {{height|ft=5|in=11}}&lt;ref name=nextprofile&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nextmanagement.com/new-york/profile/ugbad|title=New York: Ugbad|publisher=[[Next Management]]|access-date=October 1, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191001043457/https://www.nextmanagement.com/new-york/profile/ugbad|archive-date=October 1, 2019|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|agency      = [[Maamulka Xiga]] (worldwide)&lt;ref name=modelsdotcom&gt;{{cite web|url=http://models.com/models/ugbad-a|title=Ugbad - Model|website=Models.com|access-date=December 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012230818/https://models.com/models/ugbad-a|archive-date=October 12, 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|website     = 
}}
'''Ugbaad Cabdi''' waa gabar Fashion-ka ah oo [[Soomaaliya|Soomaali]]-[[Wadanka Maraykanka|Mareykan ah]]. Waxay ku dhalatay [[Soomaaliya]] kuna soo barbaartay xerada qaxootiga [[Kenya]] iyo Des Moines, Iowa , waxay u doodday sidii a Valentino haute couture model, ka dibna waxay u furtay bandhigyada Marc Jacobs iyo Michael Kors toddobaadka Fashion [[New York]]. Waa moodelkii ugu horreeyay ee u socda bandhigyada Fendi iyo Lanvin iyadoo xijaaban .
==Nolosha hore==
Cabdi waxa uu ku dhashay magaalada Kismaayo ee dalka Soomaaliya  Qoyskeedu waxay ka qaxeen dagaalladii sokeeye ee Soomaaliya , markii ugu horreysay waxay aadeen xero qaxooti oo ku taal Kenya , ka dibna 2009, markii Cabdi uu sagaal jir ahaa, aaday Des Moines, Iowa iyadoo gacan ka heleysa UNICEF  Wax yar ka dib markii uu ka qalin jabiyay dugsiga sare ee Des Moines, Abdi waxaa lagu arkay Instagram  Waxay booqatay New York markii ugu horeysay si ay ula kulanto wakiilada wakaalada, waxayna la saxiixatay Maamulka Xiga .
==Xirfad==
Cabdi waxa ay ciyaartay runway-geedii ugu horaysay 2018/2019 Valentino haute couture show Waxay u furtay bandhigyada toddobaadka Fashion-ka ee New York Marc Jacobs iyo Michael Kors  Cabdi waxa uu sidoo kale u soo galay bandhigyada Chanel , Miu Miu , Simone Rocha , Burberry , Fendi , Lanvin , Max Mara , iyo Dries van Noten   Bishii Abriil 2019, waxay isku mar ka soo muuqatay daabacaadyada Ingiriiska, Ameerika, iyo Carabta ee Vogue  Cabdi waxaa loogu yeeraa &quot;mid ka mid ah dayrta 2019 ee moodooyinka dillaaca  Sannadkii 2022, waxay ka soo muuqatay daboolka Vogue France oo leh moodel Danish Mona Tougaard . 
==Nolosha gaarka ah==
Cabdi waa Muslim , wuxuuna bilaabay xirashada xijaabka isagoo jira afar iyo toban jir. Waxa ay xidhataa wax madaxa daboosha inta ay model-ka samaynayso, 2019-kiina waxa ay noqotay Fendi iyo Lanvin moodelkii ugu horeeyay ee ay xijaab ku qaataan Waxay leedahay shan walaalo ah, kuwaas oo laba ka mid ah ay dhasheen ka dib markii qoysku u guureen Maraykanka. Waxay ku hadashaa afsoomaali iyo Ingiriis. 
==Filmography==
===Muusikada Muusikada===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+muuqaal muusik
!Sannadka
!Ciwaanka
!Fanaanka
!Doorka
!Ogow
|-
|2025
|''[[Gorgeous (Doja Cat song)|Gorgeous]]''
|[[Doja Cat]]
|Herself
|
|}
==Tixraac==
[https://en.vogue.me/fashion/interview-cover-star-ugbad-abdi/ &quot;Ugbaad Cabdi waxa uu ku biiray Jiilka Cusub ee Model-ka Casriga ah ee wax ka beddelaya Runway-yada]

[https://www.thetimes.com/life-style/article/ugbad-abdi-interview-the-inspiring-journey-of-a-game-changing-supermodel-7hrxkv9fr &quot;Ugbaad Cabdi Waraysi: Safarkii Dhiiri Geliyey Ee Ciyaarta Bedeshay Supermodel&quot;]

[https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-iowa-teen-opening-new-doors-in-fashion-11569754801 &quot;Dhallinyarada Iowa waxay albaabada cusub ku furayaan Fashion&quot;]

[https://www.harpersbazaararabia.com/people/news/meet-rising-hijabi-model-ugbad-abdi &quot;5 shay oo ay tahay inaad ka ogaato xijaabi Model Ugbaad Cabdi&quot;]

[https://www.vogue.com/vogueworld/article/somali-model-ugbad-fall-2019-breakout &quot;La kulan Qaabka Soomaalida ee Jebiya Xuduudaha Paris&quot;]

[https://www.vogue.fr/fashion/article/mona-tougaard-ugbad-abdi-vogue-france-august-2022-cover &quot;Mona Tougaard iyo Ugbad Abdi: Kacaanka moodeelka ee jaldiga August 2022 ee Vogue France&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Mona Tougaard</title>
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      <text bytes="5574" sha1="dlu0lbnoi2dndhhnnt9ween4k2smlwo" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox model
| name             = Mona Tougaard
| image            = Mona Tougaard at Paco Rabanne Fall-Winter 2020-2021, half length.jpg
| image_size       = 
| caption          = Tougaard in 2020
| birth_date       = {{Birth date and age|2002|4|3|df=yes}}
| birth_name       = Mona Tougaard 
| birth_place      = [[Aarhus]], Denmark
| years_active     = 2019 Hada 
| occupation       = Model
| nationality      = [[Danes|Danish]]
| death_date       = 
| spouse           = 
| partner          =
| height           = {{height|ft=5|in=10+1/2}}&lt;ref&gt;https://elitemodelmanagement.com/paris/mainboard/2625-mona-tougaard.web&lt;/ref&gt;
| hair_color       = Brown&lt;ref&gt;https://www.thesocietymanagement.com/society-women/2625-mona-tougaard.web&lt;/ref&gt;
| eye_color        = Brown&lt;ref&gt;https://www.thesocietymanagement.com/society-women/2625-mona-tougaard.web&lt;/ref&gt;
| agency       = {{Plainlist|
* [[Maamulka Bulshada]] (New York)
* [[Maamulka Xiga]] (London)
* [[Maamulka Model Heerka Sare]] (worldwide) (mother agency)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://models.com/models/mona-tougaard |title=Mona Tougaard - Model |website=models.com |access-date=12 November 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; }}
}}
'''Mona Tougaard''' (waxay dhalatay 3 Abriil 2002) waa moodeyska deenishka Waxay samaysay ciyaarteedii ugu horaysay ee runway sanadka 2019 bandhiga moodada ee Prada 
Waxaa loo magacaabay Abaalmarinta Fashion Awards ee Model of the Year 2024 Bishii Maajo 2025, Models.com waxay Tougaard ku dartay liiska Supers-ka Cusub.
==Nolosha hore==
Tougaard waxa uu ku dhashay Aarhus , Danmark, waxa uu u dhashay nus Turkish ah, badh aabbe Danish ah iyo hooyo Soomaali-Itoobiya ah Waxay leedahay laba walaalo ah oo ka waaweyn guurkii hore ee hooyadeed. Hooyadeed waxa ay dhimatay markii ay jirtay 9 Waxa la eegay iyada oo 12 jir ah, waxana ay ku guulaysatay Elite Model Look Danmark markii ay 15 jir ahaydnWaxay ahayd finalka tartanka caalamiga ah. 
==Xirfad==
Tougaard ayaa markii ay 12 jir ahayd laga helay magaalada Aarhus ee dalka Denmark 3 sano ka dibna waxay ku guulaysatay qaabka Elite Model Look ee Denmark
Tougaard ayaa ka soo muuqday sida Prada gaar ah 2019. Inta u dhaxaysa laba xilli waxay u furtay Loewe iyo Fendi , sidoo kale waxay u socotaa Chanel , Louis Vuitton , Stella McCartney , Valentino , Miu Miu , Versace , Burberry , Dior , Victoria Beckham , Max Mara , Lanvin , Alberta Ferra Givenchy , Dries Van Noten , Paco Rabanne , Chloé , iyo Saint Laurent oo ka mid ah bandhigyada 40 Ka dib waxay ka soo muuqatay ololaha Prada iyo Miu Miu F/W 19.
Waxay ka soo muuqatay xayaysiisyada Prada, Louis Vuitton, Loewe, Chanel, Max Mara, Chloé iyo Ports 1961 Waxay ka soo muuqatay daboolka iD 's Post Truth Truth oo ay ku darsatay model American Adesuwa Aighewi .
Xilligii F/W 2019, model.com waxay u aragtay inay tahay &quot;soogalootiga ugu sarreeya iyadoo Vogue ogaanaysa, waxay &quot;xaaqday Toddobaadka Dharka ee Paris, iyadoo soo degtay ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan bandhigyada muhiimka ah ee magaalada Waxay sidoo kale kaalinta &quot;Breakout Star&quot; ka gashay moodooyinka.com ee &quot;Model of the Year&quot; Awards  Hadda, iyadu waa mid ka mid ah moodooyinka &quot;Top 50&quot; ee model.com.
Waxay ka soo muuqatay daboolka British Vogue cadadkiisii ​​Abriil 2021 iyo Talyaanigii Vogue Agoosto 2021 Labaduba iyada iyo moodelka Somali-Maraykanka Ugbad Cabdi waxay ka soo muuqdeen jaldiga Vogue France ee Agoosto 2022 
2023 Tougaard wuxuu ka soo muuqday jaldiga Ingiriiska iyo Faransiiska Vogue.Xiligii F/W 2023 Tougaard waxa uu socday 39 bandhig iyo olole xayaysiis ah iyo xilli ciyaareedkii S/S 24 Tougaard waxa uu socday 22 bandhig. 
==Filmography==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+muuqaal muusik 
!Sanadka 
!Ciwaanka 
!Fanaanka
!Doorka
!Xusuusin 
|-
|2024
|[[Perfect Stranger (FKA Twigs song)|''Perfect Stranger'']]
|[[FKA Twigs]]
|
|
|-
|2025
|''[[Gorgeous (Doja Cat song)|Gorgeous]]''
|[[Doja Cat]]
|Herself
|
|}
==Tixraac==
&lt;references /&gt;
[https://models.com/models/mona-tougaard &quot;Mona Tougaard - Model&quot;]

[https://models.com/models/mona-tougaard &quot;Mona Tougaard - Muuqaalka Model - Sawirro &amp; wararkii ugu dambeeyay&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20250810030606/https://www.tributetomagazine.com/danish-fashion-model-mona-tougaard-model-of-the-month/ &quot;Mona Tougaard - sheekada moodada dharka deenishka ee xiisaha leh]

[https://fashionawards.com/2024-nominees &quot;Abaalmarinta Fashion-ka - 2024 Musharaxiinta&quot;]

[https://www.dazeddigital.com/projects/article/44209/1/mona-tougaard-model-biography-dazed-100-2019-profile &quot;Kadib dilaaga xilli ciyaareedkii ugu horeeyay, moodalka dhalinyarada ayaa hadda bilaabay&quot;]

[https://www.wsj.com/articles/model-mona-tougaard-fashion-photos-11607622642 &quot;Model Mona Tougaard oo ku saabsan caqabadaha ah in jinsiyado badan lagu noqdo wadada Runway&quot;]

[https://www.harpersbazaar.com.sg/fashion/five-up-and-coming-models-youll-want-to-keep-your-eyes-on/ &quot;Shan Cusub Iyo Moodooyinka Soo Socda Oo Aad Doonayso Inaad Indhahaaga Ku Hayso&quot;]

[https://www.vogue.fr/fashion/article/mona-tougaard-ugbad-abdi-vogue-france-august-2022-cover &quot;Mona Tougaard iyo Ugbad Abdi: Kacaanka moodeelka ee jaldiga August 2022 ee Vogue France&quot;]

[https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/article/british-vogue-april-2021-joy &quot;U ogolow British Vogue's Exuberant Abriil Sheekada Daboolka si ay kaaga caawiso inaad hesho farxaddaada&quot;]

[https://www.vogue.fr/article/mona-tougaard-cover-star-may-2023-edition-vogue-france &quot;Mona Tougaard waa xidigta daboolka ka ah daabacaadda Vogue France ee May 2023&quot;]

[https://www.vogue.co.uk/fashion/gallery/mona-tougaard-street-style &quot;18 Siyadood Oo Looga Sarreeyo Habka Model-ka-baxsan, Marka loo eego Mona Tougaard&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Paolla Oliveira</title>
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      <text bytes="24476" sha1="j2uuy84m7cemj4t1w5taunl236oz5pu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Paolla Oliveira
| image              = Paolla Oliveira.jpg
| imagesize          = 
| caption            = Oliveira sanadka 2018
| birth_name         = Caroline Paola Oliveira da Silva
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|df=y|1982|04|14}}
| birth_place        = [[São Paulo]], Brazil
| partner            =&lt;!--NOTE: Parameter is not unmarried/long-term life partners. Not a dating history. It must also be reliable sourced.--&gt;
| occupation         = Jilaa
| yearsactive        = 1999–Hada
}}
'''Caroline Paola Oliveira da Silva''' (waxay dhalatay 14 Abriil 1982), oo loo yaqaan xirfad ahaan Paolla Oliveira , waa jilaa reer Brazil ah.
==Taariikh nololeedka==
Paolla Oliveira waxa uu ku dhashay São Paulo . Aabaheed waa bilays milatari oo shaqada ka fadhiistay halka hooyadeed ay tahay naag guri.  Paolla Oliveira waxay bilawday inay u shaqeyso moodel ahaan markay ahayd 16 sano jir, laakiin ugu dambeyntii waxay noqotay atariisho ka dib markii ay dhamaysatay barashada fanka isla wakhtigaas waxay ka qalin jabisay jimicsiga jimicsiga ee Cruzeiro do Sul University.  Iyadu waxay ka soo jeedaa Portuguese, Talyaani iyo Isbaanish.
[[File:Nathalia_Dill,_Paolla_Oliveira_e_Paula_Burlamaqui.jpg|Iyadoo Nathalia Dill iyo atariishada Paula Burlamaqui ee 2018]]
==Xirfad==
Ka dib markii ay xiddig ku samaysay xayeysiisyo dhowr ah oo telefishan ah, waxay ka qayb qaadatay Diiwaanka TV-ga ee telenovela Metamorphoses ee 2004, iyo sanadka soo socda, waxay ku biirtay jilayaasha TV Globo telenovela Belíssima , halkaas oo ay ku ciyaartay doorka &quot;Giovana&quot;. Caannimada ay ku leedahay Belíssima awgeed, 2005, waxaa lagu casuumay shaqaalaha wax soo saarka ee O Profeta si ay u ciyaarto doorka hogaanka telenovela ee Sônia. 2007, waxay ku ciyaartay doorka Renata ee TV Globo dhamaadka sanadka khaaska ah Os Amadores , iyo bishii Maarso 2008, waxaa loo shaqaaleysiiyay inay ka ciyaarto doorka ciyaartoyga tennis-ka Letícia ee Ciranda de Pedra , oo ah telenovela oo la dejiyay 1950-meeyadii. Dabeecaddeeda dhiirigelineed waa ciyaaryahan tennis-ka Brazil Maria Esther Bueno  Paolla Oliveira waxa ay wax ka jishay filimka muuqaalka ah ee Entre Lençóis . Duubista Filimkan waxa ay bilaabatay May 2008​​​​​ ​Lammaaneheeda wuxuu ahaa Átila Amaral
Waxay ku ciyaartay doorka hogaaminta ee Marina gudaha Insensato Coração sanadkii 2011  Paolla Oliveira waxa ay u jishay Paloma ee 2013 Rede Globo telenovela Amor à Vida  Waxay ku ciyaartay 2015 villain Melissa telenovela Além do Tempo  Paolla Oliveira wuxuu ciyaaraa jilaa Jeiza, oo ah sarkaal bilays ah iyo xiisaha jacaylka Marco Pigossi ee 2017 telenovela A Força do Querer .
==Filmography==
===Telefishanka===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Sannadka !! Ciwaanka !! Doorka !! Xusuusin 
|-
|1999
|''Passa ou Repassa''
|Stage Assistant&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Purepeople |title=Paolla Oliveira estreou na TV no 'Passa ou Repassa', em 1999, game exibido pelo SBT - Foto |url=https://www.purepeople.com.br/midia/paolla-oliveira-estreou-na-tv-no-passa_m1056292 |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=www.purepeople.com.br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|2001
|''Curtindo uma Viagem''
|Stage Assistant&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=REDAÇÃO |date=2021-06-13 |title=SBT resgata passado de Paolla Oliveira e bota atriz para correr de 'torta na cara' |url=https://noticiasdatv.uol.com.br/noticia/televisao/sbt-resgata-passado-de-paolla-oliveira-e-bota-atriz-para-correr-de-torta-na-cara-59305 |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=Notícias da TV |language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| 2004 || ''Metamorphoses'' || Stela Fontes Taylor ||
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2005
|''[[Malhação]]''
|Queen Bee
|Episode: &quot;15 September&quot;
|-
| ''[[Belíssima]]'' || Giovana Güney Sabatini  ||
|-
| 2006 || ''[[O Profeta]]'' || Sônia Carvalho de Oliveira || Lead role
|-
| 2007 || ''[[Os Amadores]]'' || Renata ||Episode: &quot;21 December&quot;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2008 || ''[[Faça Sua História]]'' || Georgette ||Episode: &quot;A Falta Que Ela Me Faz&quot;
|-
|''[[Casos e Acasos]]''|| Verônica ||Episode: &quot;O Papai Noel, a Perna e o Presépio&quot;
|-
| ''Ciranda de Pedra'' || Letícia Garcia Cassini || Contigo! Awards for Best Co-starring Actress&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://contigo.abril.com.br/famosos/paola-oliveira/atriz/vida |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218083920/http://contigo.abril.com.br/famosos/paola-oliveira/atriz/vida |archive-date=December 18, 2010 |title=Vida — Paola Oliveira — Famosos — Contigo! |access-date=March 22, 2016 |language=pt |url-status=dead  }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2009 || ''[[Cama de Gato]]'' || Verônica Tardivo Brandão || Antagonist
|-
|''[[Dança dos Famosos]]''
|Contestant 
|[[Dança dos Famosos season 6|Season 6]], 1st place
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2010 || ''[[As Cariocas]]'' || Clarissa || Episode: &quot;A Atormentada da Tijuca&quot;
|-
|''Afinal, o Querem as Mulheres?''|| Lívia Monteiro || Lead role &lt;br /&gt; Contigo! Television Awards for Best Actress in a Series or miniseries
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 2011 || ''[[Insensato Coração]]'' || Marina Drumond Brandão || Lead role &lt;br /&gt; Contigo! Television Awards for Best Actress in a Telenovela&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://televisao.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/2011/05/18/remake-de-ti-ti-ti-e-o-grande-campeao-do-13-premio-contigo-de-tv.jhtm|title=Remake de &quot;Ti-Ti-Ti&quot; é o grande campeão do &quot;13º Prêmio Contigo de TV&quot;&quot;|access-date=March 22, 2016|website=Televisao|language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| ''[[Malhação]]'' || Herself ||Episode: &quot;5 September&quot; 
|-
| 2012 || ''[[Tapas &amp; Beijos]]'' || Celeste||Episode: &quot;A Prima de Sueli&quot;
|-
| 2013 || ''[[Amor à Vida]]'' || Paloma Rodriguez Khoury Araújo || Lead role &lt;br /&gt; Nominated–Extra de Televisão Award for Best Actress&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://extra.globo.com/tv-e-lazer/premio-extra-tv/premio-extra-de-tv-2013-vote-nos-melhores-da-televisao-9952363.html?exibirFormulario=true|title=Vote no Prêmio Extra de TV de 2013|access-date=March 22, 2015|website=Extra Globo|date=February 7, 2014 |language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Nominated–Retrospectiva Award for Best Romantic Couple with [[Malvino Salvador]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://noticias.bol.uol.com.br/enquetes/grupo/2013/12/02/retrospectiva-eleja-os-melhores-de-2013.htm|title=Retrospectiva: Vote nos melhores de 2013|access-date=March 22, 2016|website=Noticias|language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Nominated–Melhores do Ano Natelinha Award for Best Actress&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://natelinha.ne10.uol.com.br/melhoresdoano2013.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131122084741/http://natelinha.ne10.uol.com.br/melhoresdoano2013.php|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 22, 2013|title=Melhores do Ano NaTelinha&quot;: Vote e eleja os destaques de 2013 na televisão|access-date=March 22, 2016|website=Natelinha|language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Won–Melhores do Ano for Best Actress&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://gshow.globo.com/programas/domingao-do-faustao/melhores-do-ano/noticia/2014/01/quer-conhecer-os-indicados-ao-melhores-do-ano-clique-e-mate-a-curiosidade.html|title=Quer conhecer os indicados ao Melhores do Ano? Mate a curiosidade!|access-date=March 22, 2016|website=Gshow Globo|language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Nominated–Troféu Internet Award for Best Actress&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://diversao.terra.com.br/tv/primeira-fase-da-votacao-do-trofeu-internet-do-sbt-termina-sabado-no-terra,25196e2449003410VgnVCM10000098cceb0aRCRD.html|title=Primeira fase da votação do Troféu Internet do SBT termina sábado|access-date=March 22, 2016|website=Diversao|language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Nominated–Minha Novelas Award for Best Actress &lt;br /&gt; Nominated–Contigo Awards for Best Actress
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | 2015 || ''[[Felizes para Sempre?]]'' || Denise / Simone || Lead role &lt;br /&gt; Nominated–Melhores do Ano Awards for Best Actress in a Series or Miniseries&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://diversao.terra.com.br/tv/programas/tata-werneck-e-luan-santana-vencem-melhores-do-ano-confira,71480a6fdbcc4410VgnVCM20000099cceb0aRCRD.html|title=M. Solano, Tatá Werneck: veja vencedores do Melhores do Ano|access-date=March 22, 2016|website=Diversao|language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''[[Fantástico]]''
|Reporter
|Segment: &quot;Como Manda o Figurino&quot;
|-
| ''[[Além do Tempo]]'' || Melissa Borghini / Santarém || Antagonist
|-
|''[[Mister Brau]]''
|Herself&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-12-08 |title=Grazi Massafera, Alinne Moraes e Paolla Oliveira aparecem sensuais em 'Mister Brau' |url=https://gshow.globo.com/tv/noticia/2015/12/grazi-massafera-alinne-moraes-e-paolla-oliveira-aparecem-sensuais-em-mister-brau.html |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=tv |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Episode: &quot;8 December&quot;
|-
| 2016 || ''[[Haja Coração]]'' || Protester || Episode: &quot;8 November&quot;
|-
| 2017
| ''[[A Força do Querer]]''|| Jeiza Nascimento Rocha || Lead role
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2018
| ''[[Assédio]]''|| Carolina Malfatti&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-06-07 |title=Paolla Oliveira fala sobre o desafio de interpretar a amante de Roger Sadala em 'Assédio' |url=https://gshow.globo.com/series/assedio/noticia/paolla-oliveira-fala-sobre-o-desafio-de-interpretar-a-amante-de-roger-sadala-em-assedio.ghtml |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=gshow |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;||
|-
|''Festeja Brasil''
|Presenter
|End year special
|-
|''Caldeirão de Ouro''
|Presenter&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=aadachi |date=2020-01-04 |title=Paulo Gustavo e Paolla Oliveira comandam 'Caldeirão de Ouro' |url=https://www.marciapiovesan.com.br/tv/paulo-gustavo-e-paolla-oliveira-comandam-caldeirao-de-ouro.phtml |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=Márcia Piovesan |language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|End year special
|-
| 2019
| ''[[A Dona do Pedaço]]''|| Virgínia Ramirez / Virgínia &quot;Vivi&quot; Guedes&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://f5.folha.uol.com.br/televisao/2019/05/paolla-oliveira-vivera-influenciadora-em-novela-e-critica-quem-so-fica-nas-redes-gosto-de-viver.shtml|title=Paolla Oliveira viverá influenciadora em novela e critica quem só fica nas redes: 'Gosto de viver'|access-date=May 31, 2019|website=F5|date=May 4, 2019|language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt; ||
|-
|2021
|''[[Dança dos Famosos|Super Dança dos Famosos]]''
|Contestant
|[[Dança dos Famosos season 18|Season 18]], 1st place
|-
| 2022
| ''[[Cara e Coragem]]''|| Patrícia &quot;Pat&quot; Lima || Lead role
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2024
|''Falas Femininas'' 
|Presenter&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Oliveira |first=Muka |date=2024-02-23 |title=Paolla Oliveira e Taís Araújo apresentam o especial Falas Femininas |url=https://observatoriodatv.com.br/noticias/paolla-oliveira-e-tais-araujo-apresentam-o-especial-falas-femininas |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=observatoriodatv.com.br |language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Episode: &quot;Louca&quot;
|-
|''[[Encantado's]]''
|Valesca Araújo&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Paolla Oliveira interpreta uma apresentadora de TV na nova temporada de 'Encantado's' |url=https://extra.globo.com/blogs/telinha/post/2024/03/paolla-oliveira-interpreta-uma-apresentadora-de-tv-na-nova-temporada-de-encantados.ghtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726195324/https://extra.globo.com/blogs/telinha/post/2024/03/paolla-oliveira-interpreta-uma-apresentadora-de-tv-na-nova-temporada-de-encantados.ghtml |archive-date=July 26, 2024 |access-date=2025-02-23 |work=extra |language=pt-BR |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Episode: &quot;&quot;Delírio Sensual, Arco-Íris De Prazer&quot;
|-
|''[[Justiça|Justiça 2]]''
|Jordana Juarez&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fernandes |first=Guilherme |date=2023-03-05 |title=Paolla Oliveira assume papel de vilã em Justiça 2 |url=https://mixme.com.br/paolla-oliveira-assume-papel-de-vila-em-justica-2/ |access-date=2025-01-26 |website=MIX ME |language=pt-BR |archive-date=2023-03-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312224609/https://mixme.com.br/paolla-oliveira-assume-papel-de-vila-em-justica-2/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|2025
|''[[Vale Tudo (2025 TV series)|Vale Tudo]]''
|Helena &quot;Heleninha&quot; Almeida Roitman &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marques |first=Jovi |date=2024-09-14 |title=Paolla Oliveira deve ser Heleninha Roitman em remake de &quot;Vale Tudo&quot; |url=https://www.papelpop.com/2024/09/paolla-oliveira-deve-ser-heleninha-roitman-em-remake-de-vale-tudo/ |access-date=2025-01-02 |website=PAPELPOP |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-09-14 |title=Outro Canal: Com acordo encaminhado, Paolla Oliveira deve viver Heleninha Roitman em 'Vale Tudo' |url=https://f5.folha.uol.com.br/colunistas/outro-canal/2024/09/com-acordo-encaminhado-paolla-oliveira-deve-viver-heleninha-roitman-em-vale-tudo.shtml |access-date=2025-01-02 |website=F5 |language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|}

=== Film ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Sannadka !! Ciwaanka !! Doorka !! Xusuusin 
|-
|rowspan=2|2007 || ''Envie aos Palhaços'' || Olivia ||
|-
|''Noite Fria'' || María ||
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2008 || ''Rinha'' || Pillar||
|-
| ''Entre Lençóis''|| Paula || Lead role
|-
|2009
|''Budapeste''|| &quot;Aquela&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Budapeste - Trailers, Imagens, Sinopse, Criticas... {{!}} AdoroCinema - Filmes |url=http://www.adorocinema.com/filmes/budapeste/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227043412/http://www.adorocinema.com/filmes/budapeste/ |archive-date=February 27, 2012 |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=[[AdoroCinema]] |language=en |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;||
|-
|2010
|''Eu e Meu Guarda-Chuva''
|Adult Frida&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=odia |title=Paola Oliveira interpreta aeromoça em 'Eu e Meu Guarda-Chuva' |url=https://www.terra.com.br/diversao/entre-telas/paola-oliveira-interpreta-aeromoca-em-eu-e-meu-guarda-chuva,6008ab4521b7a310VgnCLD200000bbcceb0aRCRD.html |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=Terra |language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|2011 || ''Uma Professora Muito Maluquinha''|| Catarina Roque &quot;Cate&quot;|| Lead role
|-
| 2012 || ''Trinta'' ||Zeni Pamplona Penharol||
|-
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;| 2014 || ''A Verdadeira História da ROTA'' || Herself&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url = http://virgula.uol.com.br/diversao/cinema/com-oscar-magrini-e-paola-oliveira-filme-sobre-rota-ataca-direitos-humanos/|title = Com Oscar Magrini e Paola Oliveira, filme sobre a Rota ataca direitos humanos|date = June 27, 2014|access-date = April 8, 2017|publisher = Virgula|language = pt|archive-date = December 23, 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151223190557/http://virgula.uol.com.br/diversao/cinema/com-oscar-magrini-e-paola-oliveira-filme-sobre-rota-ataca-direitos-humanos/|url-status = dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ||Documentary
|-
|''[[Beauty and the Beast (2014 film)|Beauty and the Beast]]'' || Belle || Brazilian Portuguese dub, voice role
|-
| ''Para Sempre Teu Caio F.'' || Herself &lt;ref&gt;[http://odia.ig.com.br/diversao/2014-10-06/documentario-para-sempre-teu-caio-f-traz-elenco-com-76-atores.html Documentário 'Para Sempre Teu, Caio F.' traz elenco com 76 atores]&lt;/ref&gt; ||Documentary
|-
|2015
|''O Estranho''
|Woman
|Short-film
|-
|2016
| ''Em Nome da Lei'' || Alice &lt;ref&gt;[http://globofilmes.globo.com/filme/em-nome-da-lei/ Em Nome da Lei – Globo Filmes]&lt;/ref&gt; ||
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |2017
| ''3000 dias no Bunker''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.correiobraziliense.com.br/app/noticia/diversao-e-arte/2016/03/31/interna_diversao_arte,525095/paolla-oliveira-grava-filme-em-brasilia.shtml Paolla Oliveira grava filme em Brasília]&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|
|-
|''Real - O Plano Por Trás da História''
|Renata&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Paula' |first='Alexandre de |date=2016-03-31 |title=Paolla Oliveira grava filme em Brasília |url=https://www.correiobraziliense.com.br/app/noticia/diversao-e-arte/2016/03/31/interna_diversao_arte,525095/paolla-oliveira-grava-filme-em-brasilia.shtml |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=Acervo |language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|
|-
|''[[Lino: An Adventure of Seven Lives]]''
|Patty&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.adorocinema.com/filmes/filme-251594/creditos/ |title=Todo o elenco do filme Lino - Uma Aventura de Sete Vidas |last=AdoroCinema |language=pt-BR |access-date=2025-02-23 |via=www.adorocinema.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Voice role, original voice 
|-
|''Alguém Como Eu''
|Helena&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mulheres {{!}} Protagonizado por Paolla Oliveira e Ricardo Pereira, tem suas filmagens em andamento no Rio |url=http://www.cinemasim.com.br/mulheres-protagonizado-por-paolla-oliveira-e-ricardo-pereira-tem-suas-filmagens-em-andamento-no-rio/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815162148/http://www.cinemasim.com.br/mulheres-protagonizado-por-paolla-oliveira-e-ricardo-pereira-tem-suas-filmagens-em-andamento-no-rio/ |archive-date=August 15, 2018 |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=Cinema Sim |language=pt-BR |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|2018
|''[[Bumblebee (film)|Bumblebee]]''
|Shatter
|Brazilian Portuguese dub, voice role
|-
|2021
|''Dente por Dente''
|Joana&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-01-28 |title=Dente Por Dente |url=https://globofilmes.globo.com/filmografia/suspense/filme/dente-por-dente.ghtml |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=globofilmes |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|2022
|''Papai é Pop''
|Elisa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ribeiro |first=Pedro Henrique |date=2022-08-10 |title=Amoroso, Papai é Pop dialoga com todo mundo e leva espectador à reflexão |url=https://www.omelete.com.br/filmes/criticas/papai-e-pop-critica |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=Omelete |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|}
===Muuqaal Muusikada===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Sannadka 
!Ciwaanka 
!Fanaanada 
|-
|2015
|&quot;Somente Nela&quot;
|[[Paulinho Moska]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last1=Gshow |first1=Bruno LevinsonDo |last2=Rio |title=Paolla Oliveira e outras musas sensualizam em clipe de Moska |url=https://gshow.globo.com/musica/no-tom/noticia/2015/02/paolla-oliveira-e-outras-musas-sensualizam-em-clipe-de-moska.html |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=GSHOW |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2018
|&quot;Mulher Feita&quot;
|Projota&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-03-05 |title=Paolla Oliveira fala sobre figura feminina no clipe de Projota: 'Uma mulher que tem a simplicidade como força' |url=https://gshow.globo.com/cultura-pop/famosos/noticia/paolla-oliveira-fala-sobre-figura-feminina-no-clipe-de-projota-uma-mulher-que-tem-a-simplicidade-como-forca.ghtml |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=gshow |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2021
|&quot;Flor de Caña&quot;
|[[Diogo Nogueira]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-11-15 |title=Paolla Oliveira e Diogo Nogueira lançam clipe de música no Fantástico |url=https://www.oliberal.com/cultura/paolla-oliveira-e-diogo-nogueira-lancam-clipe-de-musica-no-fantastico-1.460014 |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=O Liberal |language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
==Abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Sannadka 
! Qaybta 
! la magacaabay
! Natiijada
! Tixraac.
|-
| 2006
| Best Actress Revelation
| {{center|''[[Belíssima]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|
|-
| 2013
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[Amor à Vida]]''}}
| {{won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |title=M. Solano, Tatá Werneck: veja vencedores do Melhores do Ano |url=http://diversao.terra.com.br/tv/programas/tata-werneck-e-luan-santana-vencem-melhores-do-ano-confira,71480a6fdbcc4410VgnVCM20000099cceb0aRCRD.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406000555/http://diversao.terra.com.br/tv/programas/tata-werneck-e-luan-santana-vencem-melhores-do-ano-confira,71480a6fdbcc4410VgnVCM20000099cceb0aRCRD.html |archive-date=April 6, 2023 |access-date=2025-04-24 |work=Terra |language=pt-BR |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Quer conhecer os indicados ao Melhores do Ano? Mate a curiosidade! |url=https://gshow.globo.com/programas/domingao-do-faustao/melhores-do-ano/noticia/2014/01/quer-conhecer-os-indicados-ao-melhores-do-ano-clique-e-mate-a-curiosidade.html |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=Domingão do Faustão |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2015
| Best Actress in a Series
| {{center|''[[Felizes para Sempre?]]''}}
| {{won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;
|-
| 2017
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[A Força do Querer]]''}}
| {{won}}
|
|-
| 2019
| Best Supporting Actress
| {{center|''[[A Dona do Pedaço]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|
|}

=== [[:pt:Prêmio Contigo! de TV|Prêmio Contigo! de TV]] ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Year
! Category
! Nominated
! Result
! Ref.
|-
| 2006
| Best Actress Revelation
| {{center|''[[Belíssima]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2007
| Best Actress
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | {{center|''[[O Profeta]]''}}
| {{won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2010-12-18 |title=Vida - Paola Oliveira - Famosos - Contigo! |url=http://contigo.abril.com.br/famosos/paola-oliveira/atriz/vida |access-date=2025-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218083920/http://contigo.abril.com.br/famosos/paola-oliveira/atriz/vida |archive-date=December 18, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Romantic Couple (with [[Thiago Fragoso]])
|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
|-
| 2009
| Best Supporting Actress
| {{center|''Ciranda de Pedra''}}
| {{nom}}
|
|-
| 2010
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[Cama de Gato]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|
|-
| 2011
| Best Actress in a Series
| {{center|''After all, what do women want?''}}
| {{nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Remake de &quot;Ti-Ti-Ti&quot; é o grande campeão do &quot;13º Prêmio Contigo de TV&quot; - 18/05/2011 - Da Redação |url=https://televisao.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/2011/05/18/remake-de-ti-ti-ti-e-o-grande-campeao-do-13-premio-contigo-de-tv.jhtm |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=televisao.uol.com.br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2012
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[Insensato Coração]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|
|-
| 2015
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[Felizes para Sempre?]]''}}
| {{won}}
|
|-
| 2017
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[A Força do Querer]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=CONTIGO! |first=Redação |date=2017-12-20 |title=Vote no Prêmio CONTIGO! Online 2017 |url=https://contigo.com.br/noticias/exclusivas/vote-no-premio-contigo-2017.phtml |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=Contigo! |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2019
|Best Supporting Actress 
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |''[[A Dona do Pedaço]]''
|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Contigo! |first=Redação |date=2019-12-18 |title=Prêmio Contigo! Online 2019 - Veja a lista completa dos indicados |url=https://contigo.com.br/noticias/premio-contigo-online/premio-contigo-online-2019-veja-a-lista-completa-dos-indicados.phtml |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=Contigo! |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Romantic Couple (with [[Sérgio Guizé]])
|{{Nominated}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2021
|Couple of the Year
|Paolla and [[Diogo Nogueira]] 
|{{Nominated}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=FormigaNegócios |title=PRÊMIO CONTIGO! 2021: Veja a lista dos indicados |url=https://youyes.com/noticias/premio-contigo-2021-veja-a-lista-dos-indicados |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209150440/https://youyes.com/noticias/premio-contigo-2021-veja-a-lista-dos-indicados |archive-date=December 9, 2022 |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=YouYes |language=pt-br |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2022
|Telenovela Actress
|''[[Cara e Coragem]]''
|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Assumpção |first=Gustavo |title=PRÊMIO CONTIGO! 2022: Confira a lista completa dos vencedores |url=https://contigo.com.br/noticias/premio-contigo-online/premio-contigo-2022-confira-lista-completa-dos-vencedores.phtml |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=Contigo! |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
===[[:pt:Prêmio Qualidade Brasil|Abaalmarinta Tayada Brazil]]===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Sannadka 
! Qaybta 
! la magacaabay
! Natiijada
! Tixraac.
|-
| 2006
| Best Actress Revelation
| {{center|''[[Belíssima]]''}}
| {{won}}
|
|-
|2011
|Best Series or Miniseries Actress
|''Afinal, o Que Querem as Mulheres?''
|{{Nominated}}
|
|-
|}

=== Super Gold Cap Trophy ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Year
! Category
! Nominated
! Result
! Ref.
|-
| 2008
| Best Actress
| {{center|''Ciranda de Pedra''}}
| {{won}}
|-
|}

=== [[:pt:Prêmio APCA|Paulista Association of Art Critics]] ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Year
! Category
! Nominated
! Result
! Ref.
|-
| 2017
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[A Força do Querer]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|-
|}

=== [[:pt:Prêmio Extra de Televisão|Prêmio Extra de Televisão]] ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Sannadka 
! Qaybta 
! la magacaabay
! Natiijada
! Tixraac.
|-
| 2010
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[Cama de Gato]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|-
| 2013
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[Amor à Vida]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|-
| 2015
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[Felizes para Sempre?]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|-
| 2017
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[A Força do Querer]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|}
=== [[:pt:Troféu Internet de 2018|Internet Trophy]] ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Sannadka 
! Qaybta 
! la magacaabay
! Natiijada
! Tixraac.
|-
| 2014
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[Amor à Vida]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|-
| 2016
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[Além do Tempo]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|-
| 2018
| Best Actress
| {{center|''[[A Força do Querer]]''}}
| {{nom}}
|-
|}
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[[imdbname:1775843|Paolla Oliveira]] iyo IMDb</text>
      <sha1>j2uuy84m7cemj4t1w5taunl236oz5pu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Aamin Maxamed</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-07T21:45:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="22803" sha1="3lfkevctrmoz02xg8tu41tfaldnq9z0" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox YouTube personality
| name                 = Chunkz
| image                = Chunkz_in_2021.png
| image_caption        = Maxamed sanadka 2021
| birth_name           = Amiin Maxamed
| birth_date           = {{Birth date and age|df=y|21 February 1996}}
| birth_place          = [[London]], England
| education            = [[Jaamacadda Magaalada London]] (ka baxay)
| occupation           = {{hlist|[[YouTuber]]||Shakhsiga internetka}}
| channel_handle       = Chunkz
| years_active         = 2015-hada
| genre                = {{flatlist|
* Madadaalada
* majaajilo
* muusik
* [[rap]]
* [[R&amp;B]]
}}
| subscribers          = 3.49 million&lt;ref name=&quot;YTStats&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chunkz's YouTube Stats |url=https://socialblade.com/youtube/channel/UCv-GNHtqM97EaU_i7gN_Ikw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216020013/https://socialblade.com/youtube/channel/UCv-GNHtqM97EaU_i7gN_Ikw |archive-date=16 February 2021 |access-date=9 May 2021 |website=[[Social Blade]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| views                = 277 million&lt;ref name=&quot;YTStats&quot; /&gt;
| stats_update         = May 31, 2024
| silver_button        = Haa
| silver_year          = 2017{{Citation needed|date=August 2023}}&lt;!-- A link to the relevant archived Social Blade achievement/statistic date is suitable --&gt;
| gold_button          = Haa
| gold_year            = 2020{{Citation needed|date=August 2023}}
| associated_acts      = {{Flatlist|
* [[Yung Filly]]
* Beta Squad
* [[Niko Omilana]]
* [[KSI]]
* [[Sidemen]]
}}
}}
'''Amin Mohamed''' ([[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]: Aamin Maxamed , [ɑːmɪn mæħæmed] ; dhashay 21 Febraayo 1996), oo loo yaqaan Chunkz,waa YouTuber [[Ingiriis]] ah  saameyn ku leh , martigeliyaha, madadaalada, iyo muusikiiste hore Waa xubin ka tirsan kooxda YouTube ee Kooxda Beta. Laga bilaabo Noofambar 2024 , kanaalkiisa YouTube wuxuu lahaa in ka badan 3.6 milyan macaamiil iyo 294 milyan oo muuqaal ah.
==Nolosha hore iyo nolosha gaarka ah==
Amin Mohamed waxa uu ku dhashay 21 February 1996,  ee North West London  Waa kan ugu yar shan walaalo ah. Waa jiil labaad oo Soomaali Ingiriis ah , maadaama waalidkii ay ka soo haajireen Somaliland sannadihii 1980-aadkii Kahor shaqadiisa YouTube-ka, wuxuu ka shaqeeyay Cineworld , wuxuuna halkaas kula kulmay xubin ka tirsan Beta Squad Aj Shabeel Waxa uu ku bartay xisaabta dhaqaalaha Jaamacadda London Metropolitan University muddo sannad ah ka hor inta uusan ka tegin 2016 si uu diiradda u saaro YouTube. 
Waa Muslim  waana taageere Arsenal FC
==Xirfad==
===YouTube===
Mohamed waxa uu diiwaan gashaday akoonka Chunkz 23 July 2015. Fiidiyowgisii hore ee YouTube waxa ka mid ahaa vlogs , caqabado, maaweelo , iyo in ka badan; waxa kale oo ka mid ahaa saaxiibkiis Sharky iyo ina-adeerkii, ninka ugu madaw Wareysi uu bixiyay Oktoobar 2019, wuxuu u daliishaday British YouTuber KSI inay tahay dhiirigelintiisa inuu bilaabo samaynta waxyaabaha ku jira YouTube. 2017, wuxuu ka tagay shaqadiisa Cineworld si uu u noqdo YouTuber waqti buuxa ah.
Waxa uu la sameeyay laba nin Yung Filly oo wax ku darsaday kanaalada YouTube. Mohamed iyo Yung Filly waxay sidoo kale jileen taxanaha Footasylum YouTube ee loo yaqaan ' Do the Shoe Fit'.
2018-kii, Maxamed waxa uu ku guulaystay Abaalmarinta Caalamiga ah ee Somaliland Abaalmarinta Madadaalada ugu wanaagsan. 
Sannadkii 2019, Maxamed waxa uu abuuray oo ku biiray kooxda Beta Squad, oo ah koox wada jir ah oo YouTube ah, oo ay weheliso saaxiibbadiisa YouTubers Niko Omilana , AJ Shabeel, Sharky, iyo KingKennyTV. Bishii Febraayo 2019, ayaa sidoo kale lagu dhawaaqay in kooxdu ay ku wada noolaan doonaan guri 4 milyan ginni ah oo ku yaal meel qarsoodi ah oo ku taal London, halkaas oo ay ka abuuri doonaan waxyaabo maalinle ah aaladaha ay ka mid yihiin YouTube, Instagram iyo Snapchat Kooxdu waxay sidoo kale abuurtay kanaal la wadaago oo loo yaqaan &quot;Beta Squad&quot; waxayna ku dhejin doontaa nuxurkooda wada shaqayneed. Kooxdu waxay ku sii socon doontaa astaamaha xiddigaha sida: Ed Sheeran , Stormzy , Dylan Cartlidge , KSI iyo Dave 
Markay ahayd 13 Luulyo 2024, wuxuu ka soo muuqday muuqaal MrBeast oo cinwaankiisu ahaa &quot; 50 YouTubers Fight $1,000,000 &quot; oo ay weheliyaan saamaynayaal kale .
===Muusiga===
Maxamed waxa uu fanka ku bilaabay 2018 heestiisii ​​ugu horaysay ee “Vibranium” oo ah guri kulaale ah iyo hees qoob ka ciyaar ah oo uu ku jiro Neji. 
Bishii Maarso 2020, Maxamed waxa uu sii daayay hal-abuurkiisii ​​ugu horreeyay ee rap-ka, “Nadiifi,” oo uu la socdo Yung Filly.  Bishii Oktoobar 2020, Mohamed iyo Yung Filly waxay raaceen raadkii hore iyagoo tuuray halkooda cusub iyo muqaal muusig, kaasoo cinwaankiisu ahaa &quot;Hold
Bishii Maajo 2021, Maxamed waxa uu ku dhawaaqay in uu ka fadhiistay fanka maadaama uu rumaysnaa in aanay ku habboonayn caqiidadiisa diineed.
===Ganacsiyo kale===
Mohamed waxa uu ku jilay doorka Asznee ee Big Shaq 's 2017 muqaal muusik, &quot; Ninku kuma kulula  Bishii Maarso 2018, Maxamed, oo uu weheliyo Michael Dapaah , ayaa ka caawiyay soo saarista app cod ee Kaaliyaha Google ee khadka tafaariiqda tikidhada tareenka , kaas oo diiradda saaraya qorsheynta safarka tareenka.
Maxamed waxa uu ka soo muuqday filimka naxdinta leh ee 2020-ka, Weli Ma Dhimannay?, oo uu qoray oo uu agaasimay Fredi Nwaka . Bishii Sebtembar 2020, Maxamed waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inuu yahay la-shaqeeyaha barnaamijka subaxnimada Sabtida ee Sky Sports , Sabtida Social   Inta lagu jiro bishaas, waxaa sidoo kale lagu dhawaaqay inuu yahay la-hawlgalayaasha tartanka isboortiga ee aadka u daran, Ciyaaraha Aphetor , kuwaas oo xiddigaha ka kooban abuurayaasha iyo saameeyayaasha. Bishii Disembar 2020, wuxuu martigeliyay Abaalmarinta MOBO 2020 Maya Jama . 
Mohamed, taageere Arsenal ah , ayaa ka soo muuqday barnaamijka Amazon Original docu-taxane ah oo isboorti Dhammaan ama waxba: Arsenal , kaas oo diiwaan geliyay kooxda isagoo waqti la qaatay shaqaalaha tababarka iyo ciyaartoyda gadaashiisa garoonka gudaha iyo dibaddaba inta lagu jiro xilli ciyaareedkooda 2021-22 
Bishii Oktoobar 2023, Maxamed wuxuu bilaabay muuqaal muuqaal ah Yung Filly oo la yiraahdo Chunkz iyo Filly Show  Bishii Noofambar 2024, Mohamed waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inuu yahay la-shaqeeyaha, iyadoo ay weheliso Olivia Buzaglo oo ka tirsan Baller League UK , tartan kubbadda cagta ah oo lix dhinac ah oo lagu wado in laga sii daayo Sky Sports bisha Maarso 2025.
==Ciyaaraha kubadda cagta ee samafalka==
Ilaa 2020, Maxamed waxa uu ka qaybqaatay munaasabadaha kubbadda cagta ee samafal ee sannadlaha ah, oo ay ku jiraan Kubbadda Cagta iyo Caawimada Sadaqada ee Sidemen 
23kii Febraayo 2024, Maxamed waxa uu ka qayb qaatay &quot;Match for Hope 2024&quot;, ciyaar samafal oo kubbadda cagta ah oo lagu qabtay garoonka Ahmad Bin Ali Stadium , Qatar, halkaas oo uu kabtan u noqday kooxdii Chunkz iyo kooxdii AboFlah , oo Carabi ku hadla YouTuber. Ciyaarta ayaa ku dhamaatay 7–5 ay kooxda Chunkz kaga badisay kooxda AboFlah. Waxa ay ku guulaysteen in ay ururiyaan in ka badan 8.8 milyan oo dollar si ay ugu taageeraan Qatar Education Over All Foundation. 
2dii Juunyo 2024, Maxamed wuxuu ciyaaray oo martigeliyay ciyaar samafal kubbadda cagta ah oo ay weheliso Beta Squad iyo kooxda YouTube ee Mareykanka AMP ee Selhurst Park , London, England. Xafladan ayaa lacag loogu ururiyay Mashruuca Biyaha. Ciyaarta ayaa ku soo idlaatay 6-6 barbaro ah ka dib markii garoon lagu soo duulay ay qasabtay in ciyaarta la joojiyo
14kii Febraayo 2025, Maxamed waxa uu ka qayb galay &quot;Match for Hope 2025&quot;, xaflad samafal kubbadda cagta ah oo lagu qabtay Stadium 974 , Qatar, isagoo kabtan u ah kooxda Chunkz &amp; IShowSpeed , oo iska hor imanaya kooxda AboFlah &amp; KSI . Ciyaarta ayaa ku dhamaatay 6–5 ay guushu ku raacday kooxda AboFlah &amp; KSI oo guushu ku raacday kooxda Chunkz &amp; IShowSpeed. Munaasabadda ayaa lagu guuleystay in la ururiyo in ka badan $10.7 milyan oo samafal ah.
==Filmography==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|+ Film
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Doorka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2020
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |''Are We Dead Yet?''
| Ghost
|
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Guide |first=British Comedy |title=Are We Dead Yet? cast and crew credits |url=https://www.comedy.co.uk/film/are_we_dead_yet/cast_crew/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=British Comedy Guide |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2024
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |''The Sidemen Story''
| Himself
| [[Documentary film|Documentary]]; [[Cameo appearance|Cameo]]
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;Sidemen Doc&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Shah |first1=Furvah |title=Sidemen's Netflix documentary: Release date, trailer, cast and more |url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/entertainment/a46623709/sidemen-netflix-documentary-release-date-trailer-cast/ |website=Cosmopolitan |date=2 February 2024 |access-date=6 February 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|+ Web roles
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Doorka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Shabakadda
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
| 2020–2021
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | ''Saturday Social''
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | Himself
| [[Sky Sports]]
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Co-host
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | &lt;ref name=&quot;SaturdaySocial&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Wynter |first=Courtney |date=11 September 2020 |title=Chunkz Signs With Sky Sports |url=https://grmdaily.com/chunkz-sky-sports/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215235033/https://grmdaily.com/chunkz-sky-sports/ |archive-date=15 February 2021 |access-date=15 February 2021 |website=[[GRM Daily]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2020
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | ''The Aphetor Games''
| Online
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | &lt;ref name=&quot;TheAphetorGames&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=15 September 2020 |title=The influencer Olympics and flying cars offer sport's vision of the future |url=https://www.sportspromedia.com/opinion/aphetor-games-influencer-olympics-chunkz-yung-filly-airspeeder-flying-cars |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216011818/https://www.sportspromedia.com/opinion/aphetor-games-influencer-olympics-chunkz-yung-filly-airspeeder-flying-cars |archive-date=16 February 2021 |access-date=16 February 2021 |website=[[SportsPro]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | ''[[MOBO Awards|2020 MOBO Awards]]''
| [[BBC One]] and [[YouTube]]
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | &lt;ref name=&quot;MOBOAwardsHost&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 November 2020 |title=MOBOs 2020: 'More important than ever to showcase black culture' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-55055619 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508231328/https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-55055619 |archive-date=8 May 2021 |access-date=8 May 2021 |website=[[BBC News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | ''[[Chicken Shop Date]]''
| YouTube
| Episode 36 with [[Yung Filly]]
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=CHUNKZ AND YUNG FILLY {{!}} CHICKEN SHOP DATE|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gqCUZiXNcQo|date=2020-03-26|access-date=2024-06-17 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;!--Do NOT add rowspans to this table per WP:FILMOGRAPHY--&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|+ Television
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Doorka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Shabakadda
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2022
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | ''[[All or Nothing: Arsenal]]''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Himself
| [[Prime Video]]
| Documentary
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | ''Bad Chefs''
| [[ITV2]]
| Presenter
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.itv.com/presscentre/press-releases/ten-bad-chefs-are-cooking-kitchen-storm|title=Chunkz to host ITV2's brand new reality show|website=itv.com/presscentre|accessdate=7 March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}&lt;!-- Do NOT add talk show/breakfast programme appearances --&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;margin-right: 0;&quot;
|+ {{Screen reader-only|Chunkz in music videos}}
|+ Music videos
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot;| Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;| Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;| Fanaaniinta
!Role
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | {{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot;| 2017
| &quot;[[Man's Not Hot]]&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;| [[Michael Dapaah]]
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;| Asznee
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=BIG SHAQ - MANS NOT HOT (MUSIC VIDEO)
| date=25 October 2017 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3M_5oYU-IsU |access-date=28 February 2024 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot;| 2018
| &quot;Man Don't Dance&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=BIG SHAQ - MAN DON'T DANCE (OFFICIAL MUSIC VIDEO)
| date=10 June 2018 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQn6TsbYrH8 |access-date=28 February 2024 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot;| 2019
| &quot;Buss It Down&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=BIG SHAQ - BUSS IT DOWN (Official Music Video)
| date=10 October 2019 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lQNZrZWYZBY |access-date=28 February 2024 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot;| 2021
| &quot;100 Bags Freestyle&quot;
| [[Yung Filly]]
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | Himself
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yung Filly - 100 Bags Freestyle (Official Video)
| date=15 October 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pv9K_Bp8pzc |access-date=28 February 2024 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! rowspan=&quot;3&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2022
| &quot;My Life&quot;
| Aj Shabeel
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aj Shabeel - My Life (Official Music Video)
| date=23 July 2022 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gga_-sTAapI |access-date=15 March 2024 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| &quot;Don't Lie&quot;
| [[A1 x J1]] feat. [[Nemzzz]]
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A1 x J1 - Don't Lie (Official Video) ft. Nemzzz
| date=14 October 2022 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7T91yz8kMy8 |access-date=17 March 2024 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| &quot;[[Are You Entertained]]&quot;
| [[Russ (rapper)|Russ]] feat. [[Ed Sheeran]]
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Russ - Are You Entertained (Feat. Ed Sheeran) (Official Video)| date=21 July 2022 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZdBuij_p0No |access-date=2024-06-17 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2023
| &quot;[[Voices (KSI song)|Voices]]&quot;
| [[KSI]] feat. [[Oliver Tree]]
|Fiancé
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=KSI feat. Oliver Tree - Voices (Official Video) | date=27 January 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jOqVRruoIcU |access-date=27 January 2023 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2024
| &quot;1 By 1&quot;
| Michael Hamilton
|Himself
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Michael Hamilton - 1 By 1 (Official Music Video)
| date=March 2024 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ai8lU_hxW4E |access-date=15 March 2024 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}
==Sawir-qaadis==
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+ List of singles with selected chart positions and year released
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Jaantuska ugu sarreeya
! scope=&quot;col&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Certifications
! scope=&quot;col&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;width:9em;&quot;| Album
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:3em; font-size:85%;&quot;| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PeaksUK&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Artist: Chunkz &amp; Yung Filly |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/57257/chunkz-and-yung-filly/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216013304/https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/57257/chunkz-and-yung-filly/ |archive-date=16 February 2021 |access-date=16 February 2021 |publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:3em; font-size:85%;&quot;| [[UK Independent Singles and Albums Charts|UK&lt;br /&gt;Ind.]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 October 2020 |title=Official Independent Singles Chart Top 50 (23 October 2020 – 29 October 2020) |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/independent-singles-chart/20201023/130/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216014110/https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/independent-singles-chart/20201023/130/ |archive-date=16 February 2021 |access-date=16 February 2021 |publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:3em; font-size:85%;&quot;| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ Hot]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 October 2020 |title=New Zealand Hot Singles Chart (26 October 2020) |url=https://aotearoamusiccharts.co.nz/archive/hot-singles/2020-10-23 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204110622/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4957 |archive-date=4 December 2020 |access-date=16 February 2021 |publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:3em; font-size:85%;&quot;| [[Scottish Singles and Albums Charts|SCO]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 October 2020 |title=Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100 (23 October 2020 – 29 October 2020) |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/scottish-singles-chart/20201023/41/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216014436/https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/scottish-singles-chart/20201023/41/ |archive-date=16 February 2021 |access-date=16 February 2021 |publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Vibranium&quot;&lt;br/&gt;{{small|(featuring Neji)}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 December 2018 |title=Vibranium – Single by Chunkz &amp; Neji  |url=https://music.apple.com/gb/album/vibranium-single/1444377768 |url-status=live |access-date=16 February 2021 |publisher=[[Apple Music]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723212318/https://music.apple.com/gb/album/vibranium-single/1444377768 |archive-date=23 July 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| 2018
| — || — || — || —
|
* [[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]]: Silver&lt;ref name=&quot;BPI&quot;&gt;{{cite certification|region=United Kingdom|artist=Chunkz|access-date=29 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; {{N/A|Non-album singles}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Clean Up&quot;&lt;br/&gt;{{small|(with [[Yung Filly]])}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 March 2020 |title=Clean Up – Single by Chunkz &amp; Yung Filly |url=https://music.apple.com/gb/album/clean-up/1499657258 |url-status=dead |access-date=16 February 2021 |publisher=[[Apple Music]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603124015/https://music.apple.com/gb/album/clean-up/1499657258 |archive-date=3 June 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 2019
| 67 || — || — || —
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Hold&quot;&lt;br/&gt;{{small|(with Yung Filly)}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 October 2020 |title=Hold – Single by Chunkz &amp; Yung Filly |url=https://music.apple.com/gb/album/hold-single/1534597020 |url-status=dead |access-date=16 February 2021 |publisher=[[Apple Music]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101090603/https://music.apple.com/gb/album/hold-single/1534597020 |archive-date=1 November 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| 29 || 3 || 35 || 31
|
|-
!scope=&quot;row&quot;| &quot;Confidence&quot;&lt;br/&gt;{{small|(with Yung Filly and [[Geko (rapper)|Geko]])}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 2020
| — || — || — || —
|
|-
!scope=&quot;row&quot;| &quot;Insecure Love&quot;&lt;br/&gt;{{small|(with Zion Foster)}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 July 2020 |title=Insecure Love (feat.Chunkz) |url=https://music.apple.com/gb/song/insecure-love-feat-chunkz/1516399057 |access-date=28 February 2024 |publisher=[[Apple Music]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| — || — || — || —
|
| ''Welcome to the Lion's Den''
|-
!Scope=&quot;row&quot;| &quot;Lingo&quot;&lt;br/&gt;{{small|(with [[Deno (singer)|Deno]] and [[J.I the Prince of N.Y]])}}
| 2021
| 57 || — || — || —
|
| ''Boy Meets World''
|}
==Abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista==
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Xaflada
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Qaybta
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Qaataha(-yaasha)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Result
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Abbr|Tixraac.|Reference(s)}}
|-
! rowspan=&quot;3&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[MOBO Awards]]
| 2020
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Best Media Personality
| Himself
| {{nom}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;MOBOAwards2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Beaumont-Thomas |first=Ben |date=9 December 2020 |title=Nines and Mahalia top winners at 2020 Mobo awards |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2020/dec/09/nines-and-mahalia-top-winners-at-2020-mobo-awards |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209203427/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2020/dec/09/nines-and-mahalia-top-winners-at-2020-mobo-awards |archive-date=9 December 2020 |access-date=15 February 2021 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[MOBO Awards 2021|2021]]
| Himself &amp; [[Yung Filly]]
| {{won}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;MOBOAwards2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Beaumont-Thomas |first=Ben |date=5 December 2021 |title=Mobo awards 2021: Dave, Little Simz and Ghetts top winners |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2021/dec/05/mobo-awards-2021-dave-little-simz-and-ghetts-top-winners |access-date=28 February 2024 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[MOBO Awards 2022|2022]]
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Himself
| {{nom}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; | &lt;ref name=&quot;MOBOAwards2022&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Skinner |first=Tony |date=11 November 2022 |title=MOBOs 2022: Nova Twins, Little Simz and FKA twigs among nominees |url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/check-out-the-nominees-for-the-mobo-awards-2022-3347586 |accessdate=28 February 2024 |website=[[NME]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! rowspan=&quot;3&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[GRM Daily|Rated Awards]]
| 2020
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Personality of the Year
| {{Won}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; | &lt;ref name=&quot;RatedAwards2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 September 2020 |title=Rated Awards: Stormzy, Dizzee Rascal and J Hus win GRM Daily awards |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-54094129 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201102628/https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-54094129 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=15 February 2021 |website=[[BBC News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2021
| {{nom}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;RatedAwards2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Nazareno |first=Mia |date=16 September 2021 |title=Jorja Smith, Central Cee &amp; More Take Home 2021 GRM Rated Awards: Full Winners List |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/awards/2021-grm-rated-awards-winners-list-9631271/ |access-date=28 February 2024 |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2022
| {{nom}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;RatedAwards2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Grein |first=Paul |date=24 October 2022 |title=Dave, Stormzy, Little Simz Win Big at 2022 Rated Awards (Full List) |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/awards/2022-rated-awards-full-winners-list-dave-1235159952/ |access-date=28 February 2024 |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCv-GNHtqM97EaU_i7gN_Ikw Chunkz 's channel] ee ku yaala [[YuutYuub|YouTube]]

[[imdbname:9508911|Chunkz]] iyo [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]]</text>
      <sha1>3lfkevctrmoz02xg8tu41tfaldnq9z0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Behati Prinsloo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>42885</id>
    <revision>
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      <parentid>284593</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T22:13:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16844" sha1="iu6uemg1bwxxwcm6szo8gbs1pdow0jz" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox model
| image        = Behati Prinsloo - GEORGES CHAKRA 2010 07 (cropped).jpg
| caption      = Prinsloo gudaha [[Georges Chakra]] ee 2010 
| birth_date   = {{Birth date and age|1988|05|16|df=y}}
| birth_place  = [[Grootfontein]], [[Namibia]]
| other_names  = Behati Prinsloo Levine
| occupation   = Model
| years_active = 2006–hada
| children     = 3
| spouse       = {{marriage|[[Adam Levine]]|2014}}
| height       = {{height|ft=5|in=11}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Behati Prinsloo {{!}} Women Paris|url=https://www.womenmanagement.fr/thelatest/1713-behati-prinsloo.web|access-date=18 November 2023|work=[[Women Management]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| hair_color   = Bunni khafiif ah
| eye_color    = Indho bunni 
| agency       = {{Plainlist|
* [[Maamulka Model Elite]] (New York)
* [[Maamulka Haweenka]] (Paris, Milan)
* [[Maamulka Duufaanta]] (London)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://models.com/models/Behati|title=Behati Prinsloo - Model Profile - Photos &amp; latest news|website=models.com|access-date=18 November 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
}}
'''Behati Prinsloo''' ( bee -ah - tee prin - sloo , Afrikaans : [ ˈbɛɦati ˈprənsluə ] ; dhashay 16 May 1988 ) waa Namibia  moodal . 2008, waxay noqotay moodal qandaraasle Pink ah , waxayna u dhaqaaqday inay noqoto Angel Secret Victoria ee 2009 Waxay ku socotay kow iyo toban bandhigyada Fashion ee Victoria's Secret (2007-2015; 2018; 2024), waxayna furtay bandhigyo Fashion Secret Victoria oo xidhiidh ah 2014 iyo 26015. 
==Nolosha hore==
Prinsloo waxa uu ku dhashay 16 May 1988  ee Grootfontein , Namibia (ka dibna qayb ka mid ah Koonfur Galbeed Afrika ).  Iyadu waa ilmaha keliya ee aabbaheed, Boet Prinsloo, oo ah wasiirka kaniisadda . Hooyadeed, Magda (née Rossouw), waxay waddaa sariir iyo quraac Qoyska Prinsloo waa Afrikaners ; Behati waxa ay ku soo barbaartay ku hadasha Af-Afrika , iyada oo baratay Ingiriisi intii ay wax baranaysay oo kaliya iyo in ay la kulanto dad badan oo Ingiriisiga ku hadla markay kortay Waxay dhigatay Dugsiga Sare ee Grootfontein, iyada oo ka tagtay fasalka 9 ka dib si ay u raacdo moodeelka.
Xirfadeeda qaabaynta 'waxay bilaabatay' markii la ogaaday inay fasax ku joogto Cape Town , iyada iyo awoowgeed. Prinsloo ayaa dib u xasuusatay: &quot;Waxaan tagnay dukaanka raashinka ka dib kaniisadda, ninkan ayaa ii yimid oo weydiiyey haddii aan ahay model oo nambarkiisa ku qoray warqad..
==Xirfad==
[[File:Behati_Prinsloo_in_Zac_Posen_Photographed_by_Ed_Kavishe_for_Fashion_Wire_Press.jpg|thumb|Prinsloo sanadkii 2008]]
Prinsloo waxaa looga dooday sidii Prada /Miu Miu Exclusive. Wax yar ka dib, Juergen Teller ayaa sawirtay iyada ololaheeda xayeysiiska ee ugu horreeya, Marc by Marc Jacobs , waxaana ugu dhakhsaha badan sawiray Mario Testino iyo Paolo Roversi ee British Vogue iyo David Sims ee W Magazine .
Prinsloo waxay ku socotay bandhigyada moodada Alexander Wang , Louis Vuitton , Miu Miu ,  Versace , iyo noocyo kale. 
Waxay ku jirtay daboolka Vogue Spain , Vogue Turkey ,  Vogue Brasil , Vogue Mexico , Vogue Russia , Vogue Thailand ,​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ Marie Claire Greece , Marie Claire South Africa , iD Magazine ,  V Magazine ,  Russh Magazine , 10 Magazine , Edit , Jalouse , iyo sidaas ayay u socotaa . 
Ololeheeda xayaysiisyada waxaa ka mid ah I Love Couture Udgoon, Anigu waxaan ahay udgoonka casiir leh Juicy Couture Black Label Tommy Hilfiger,  Alexander Wang ' Do wax T by Alexander Wang ,  Marc by Alexander Wang  Farqiga ,  Aquascutum ,  M Missoni , Sportmax ,  DKNY Jeans ,  Pepe Jeans ,Lancaster , Stefanel , Esprit , 6 Deco​​​​  Seafolly ,  Sagaal Galbeed ,  iyo udgoonka Ruuxa ceeriin.
Sannadkii 2010, Prinsloo waxay nashqadaysay &quot;Behati Loves Pink&quot; ururinta kaabsalka dabaasha ee sirta Victoria Sannadkii 2014, waxay u qaabaysay line-ka denim ee THVM Dhawaanahan, waxay u qaabaysay ururinta moodada iyo agabka ee Couture Juicy. Models.com ayaa Prinsloo ku qiimeeyay liiskooda 'Models-ka ugu Galmoodka badan' iyo sidoo kale liiskooda 'The Money Girls 
Habeenka ka hor 4-ta Diseembar 2012 ee la sii daayo bandhigga Fashion-ka ee qarsoodiga ah ee Victoria ee sanadlaha ah , Prinsloo iyo saaxiibada Victoria's Secret model Jacquelyn Jablonski iyo Jasmine Tookes martida ayaa xiddig ka ahaa 3 Disembar &quot;Ha'awe Make Loa&quot; ee CBS' Hawaii Five-0 oo naftooda ku ciyaaraya Bishii Juun 2014, Prinsloo wuxuu sameeyay muuqaal muuqaal ah muuqaal horudhac ah Missy Elliott protégée Sharaya J 's &quot;Shut It Down&quot; iyada oo loo sii marayo T ee ololaha Alexander Wang   Prinsloo waxay ka soo muuqatay muuqaalo muusig oo kala duwan sida The Virgins '' Rich Girls ' iyo Maroon 5 's &quot; Animals  Gabdhaha adiga oo kale &quot; iyo &quot; Ground Middle &quot;.
Ka dib markii uu ka qaatay fasax laba sano ah bandhigga Fashion-ka sirta ah ee Victoria, Prinsloo waxay ku soo noqotay inay ku dhex socoto bandhigga astaanta 2018.
Prinsloo waxa uu ka mid ahaa moodooyinka iyo dadka caanka ah ee soo bandhigay muuqaalka moodeelka labiska ee Rihanna 's Savage x Fenty Vol. 3 bandhiga moodada sanadka 2021.
==Samafalka==
Prinsloo waxa ay gashay safar samafal ah ka dib dhulgariirkii Haiti 2010 . LakayPam, oo ah urur u heellan caawinta carruurta ku nool waddamada soo koraya si ay u daboolaan baahiyahooda aasaasiga ah, waxay soo ururisay oo gaarsiisay boqollaal waraaqo rajo ah oo adduunka oo dhan ah waxayna gacan ka gaysatay ururinta lacag Waxay la socotay sawir qaade iyo saaxiibkiis, iyo natiijada filimka gaaban, Warqadaha Haiti , oo laga dooday 7 December 2011 at Milk Gallery ee New York. 
Waxay kaloo taageertaa Save the Rhino Trust, oo ah hay'ad isku dayaysa inay ilaaliso wiyisha madow , oo ah nooc aad halis u ah oo u dhashay Namibia iyo dalalka kale ee Koonfurta Afrika
==Nolosha gaarka ah==
2012, Prinsloo wuxuu bilaabay inuu shukaansado muusikiiste Mareykan ah Adam Levine oo ka tirsan kooxda Maroon 5 ; waxay ku guursadeen Mexico 2014 Waxay leeyihiin laba gabdhood (b. 2016 iyo 2018) iyo wiil (b. 2023)
Waxay saaxiib dhow la tahay moodooyinka kale ee Candice Swanepoel iyo Lily Aldridge .  Prinsloo waxay ka soo muuqatay muuqaalka 2018 Maroon 5 &quot; Gabdhaha sidaada oo kale ,&quot; oo ay weheliyaan ninkeeda Levine iyo gabadhooda Dusty Rose Shan sano ka dib, waxay mar kale u soo muuqdeen Gio Grace ee &quot; Ground Middle &quot; by kooxda. 
Sannadkii 2021, Levine iyo Prinsloo waxay aasaaseen Calirosa, oo ah khad ka mid ah tequila da'da khamriga cas ee California .
==Filmography==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Sannadka 
! Ciwaanka 
! Doorka
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Xusuusin 
|-
| 2008
| ''[[The City (2008 TV series)|The City]]''
| rowspan=&quot;9&quot;| Herself
| Episode: &quot;If She Can Make It Here...&quot;
|-
| 2011
| ''Letters to Haiti''
| Short film
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Hawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series)|Hawaii Five-0]]''
| Episode: &quot;Ha'awe Make Loa&quot;
|-
| 2014
| ''[[Fashion Police]]''
| Episode: &quot;Fash Fabness&quot; (guest)
|-
| 2015–2016
| ''[[Victoria's Secret Swim Special]]''
| Television special (seasons 1 &amp; 2)
|-
| 2015
| ''[[Taylor Swift: The 1989 World Tour Live]]''
| Concert film
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Popstar: Never Stop Never Stopping]]''
| Cameo
|-
| 2021
| ''Savage X Fenty Show: Vol. 3''
| Television special 
|-
| 2022
| ''Victoria's Secret: Angels and Demons''
| Television documentary series;&lt;br&gt;3 episodes (archive footage)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://forbes.it/2022/07/14/victorias-secret-sicu-serie-hulu-brand/|title=Victoria's Secret: Angels and Demons, comes the docu-series that tells the dark sides of the brand and it link with Jeffrey Epstein|work=Forbes Italy|last=Mattanza|first=Alessandra|date=July 14, 2022|access-date=July 14, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
===Muuqaal Muusikada===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Sannadka 
! Ciwaanka 
! Fanaaniinta
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | {{Abbr|Tixraac.|Reference}}
|-
| 2009
| &quot;[[The Virgins (album)|Rich Girls]]&quot;
| [[The Virgins]]
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://hollywoodlife.com/2013/11/15/behati-prinsloo-victorias-secret-angel-5-things-about-her/|title=Behati Prinsloo: 5 Things To Know About The Sexy Victoria's Secret Angel|work=[[Hollywood Life]]|last=Gruttadaro|first=Andrew|date=15 November 2013|access-date=8 January 2020|archive-date=21 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321164328/https://hollywoodlife.com/2013/11/15/behati-prinsloo-victorias-secret-angel-5-things-about-her/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2014
| &quot;[[Animals (Maroon 5 song)|Animals]]&quot;
| [[Maroon 5]]
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/maroon-5-animals-video-adam-levine-behati-prinsloo-6266652/|title=Watch Adam Levine Become an American Psycho in Maroon 5's 'Animals' Video|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|last=Atkinson|first=Katie|date=29 September 2014|access-date=3 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2015
| &quot;[[Hands to Myself]]&quot; {{small|([[Victoria's Secret]] version)}}
| [[Selena Gomez]]
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=McCall|first=Malorie|date=1 December 2015|title=Selena Gomez &amp; Victoria's Secret Angels Can't Keep Their Hands to Themselves in Lip-Sync Video: Watch|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/6784714/selena-gomez-victorias-secret-angels-lip-sync-video-hands-myself|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203182229/http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/6784714/selena-gomez-victorias-secret-angels-lip-sync-video-hands-myself|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 December 2015|magazine=Billboard|access-date=7 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2017
| &quot;[[Cold (Maroon 5 song)|Cold]]&quot; 
| Maroon 5 featuring [[Future (rapper)|Future]]
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2983869/maroon-5-future-cold-video/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217191836/http://www.mtv.com/news/2983869/maroon-5-future-cold-video/|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 February 2017|title=Adam Levine Is 'Tripping Balls' In Maroon 5 And Future's 'Cold' Video|work=[[MTV]]|last=Roth|first=Madeline|date=15 February 2017|access-date=3 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2018
| &quot;[[Girls Like You (Maroon 5 song)|Girls Like You]]&quot; {{small|(Original, Volume 2 and Vertical Video versions)}}
| Maroon 5 featuring [[Cardi B]]
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/maroon-5-cardi-bs-girls-like-you-video-is-a-star-studded-dance-party_us_5b0ffa74e4b0fcd6a8345208|title=Maroon 5, Cardi B's 'Girls Like You' Video Is a Star-Studded Dance Party|last=Amatulli|first=Jenna|website=[[HuffPost]]|date=31 May 2018|access-date=31 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180531173702/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/maroon-5-cardi-bs-girls-like-you-video-is-a-star-studded-dance-party_us_5b0ffa74e4b0fcd6a8345208|archive-date=31 May 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/maroon-5-alternate-version-girls-like-you-music-video-8480249/|title=Maroon 5 Releases New Version of 'Girls Like You' Music Video: Watch|last=Glicksman|first=Josh|magazine=Billboard|date=16 October 2018|access-date=16 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://open.spotify.com/show/1Lu17oqo8Evy8AzqPKjzLY|title=Maroon 5 – Girls Like You (Vertical Video) featuring Cardi B|website=[[Spotify]]|access-date=28 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219043921/https://open.spotify.com/show/1Lu17oqo8Evy8AzqPKjzLY|archive-date=19 December 2018|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| &quot;[[Wait (Maroon 5 song)|Wait]]&quot; {{small|([[Snapchat]] version)}}
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot;| Maroon 5
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Krzaczek|first=Katie|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/maroon-5-debut-snapchat-filtered-wait-music-video-8094417/|title=Maroon 5 Debut Snapchat-Filtered 'Wait' Music Video|magazine=Billboard|date=17 January 2018|access-date=26 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2021
| &quot;[[Lost (Maroon 5 song)|Lost]]&quot;
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://br.nacaodamusica.com/posts/maroon-5-videoclipe-lost/|title=Maroon 5 divulga videoclipe do single &quot;Lost&quot;, com participação de Behati|trans-title=Maroon 5 releases music video for the single &quot;Lost&quot;, featuring Behati|website=Nação da Música|date=11 June 2021|access-date=11 June 2021|author=Hermoso, Sofia}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2023
| &quot;[[Middle Ground (Maroon 5 song)|Middle Ground]]&quot;
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |last1=Bowenbank |first1=Starr |title=Adam Levine Shares Intimate Family Moments With Behati Prinsloo &amp; Kids in New Maroon 5 Video |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/maroon-5-middle-ground-music-video-behati-prinsloo-1235334589/ |magazine=Billboard |access-date=23 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2025
| &quot;[[All Night (Maroon 5 song)|All Night]]&quot;
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nbc.com/nbc-insider/adam-levine-maroon-5-new-front-woman-video-tease|title=Adam Levine's Wife Behati Prinsloo Stars in Maroon 5's New &quot;All Night&quot; Music Video|website=NBC|date=27 June 2025|access-date=8 July 2025|author=Phelan, Chris}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}[https://web.archive.org/web/20170729054011/http://www.informante.web.na/node/3158 &quot;Baadariga Namibia? gabadhiisa waxay ka dhigaysaa mid weyn Yurub, US modeling world - Informante&quot;]

[http://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2006-ready-to-wear/prada/slideshow/collection#12 &quot;Prada Gu'ga 2006 Bandhig Faneedka U Diyaarsan In La Xidho - Vogue&quot;]

[http://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2008-ready-to-wear/louis-vuitton/slideshow/collection#43 &quot;Louis Vuitton Gu'gii 2008 Bandhig Faneedka U diyaarsan in La Xidho - Vogue&quot;]

[http://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2016-ready-to-wear/versace/slideshow/collection#8 &quot;Versace Gu'ga 2016 Bandhig Faneedka U Diyaarsan In La Xidho - Vogue&quot;]

[http://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/fall-2006-ready-to-wear/alexander-mcqueen/slideshow/collection#16 &quot;Alexander McQueen Fall 2006 Bandhig Faneedka U Diyaar-garow In La Xidho - Vogue&quot;]

[http://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2007-ready-to-wear/michael-kors-collection/slideshow/collection#13 &quot;Michael Kors Collection Gu'ga 2007 Bandhig Faneedka U diyaarsan in La Xidho - Vogue&quot;]

[http://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/fall-2006-ready-to-wear/saint-laurent/slideshow/collection#20 &quot;Saint Laurent Dayrta 2006 Bandhig Faneedka U diyaarsan in La Xidho - Vogue&quot;]

[https://models.com/work/vogue-espana-vogue-espana-april-2014-cover &quot;Vogue Espana Abriil 2014 Daboolida (Vogue Espana)&quot;]

[https://models.com/work/vogue-turkey-vogue-turkey-march-2015-5th-anniversary-covers &quot;Vogue Turkey March 2015: Daboolista Sannad-guurada 5aad (Vogue Turkey)&quot;]

[https://models.com/Work/vogue-thailand-vogue-thailand-april-2016-cover &quot;Vogue Thailand Abriil 2016 Cover (Vogue Thailand)&quot;]

[https://models.com/work/elle-italia-elle-italia-october-2013-covers &quot;Elle Italia Oktoobar 2013 Daboolida (Elle Italia)&quot;]

[https://models.com/work/lofficiel-netherlands-lofficiel-netherlands-september-2012-cover-by-christian-macdonald &quot;Officiel Nederland Sebtembar 2012 Daboolka (L'Officiel Netherlands)&quot;]

[https://models.com/work/various-covers-marie-claire-greece-june-2016-cover &quot;Marie Claire Greece Juun 2016 Daboolida (Daboollada kala duwan)&quot;]

[https://models.com/work/so-it-goes-magazine-so-it-goes-magazine-october-2015-cover &quot;Sidaas darteed waxay u socotaa Magazine Oktoobar 2015 Dabool (Sidaas darteed waxay u socotaa Magazine)&quot;]

[https://models.com/work/juicy-couture-i-love-juicy-couture-fragrance-2016 &quot;Waan jeclahay Udgoonka casiir leh ee 2016 (Couture Juicy)&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20121205015618/http://vsallaccess.victoriassecret.com/2012/11/30/vs-angel-behati-prinsloo-guest-stars-on-hawaii-five-0-this-monday &quot;VS Angel Behati Prinsloo Guest Stars on Hawaii Five-0 oo tusinaya qaabaynta sirta Victoria. Isniintan &quot;]

[https://www.insider.com/rihannas-savage-x-fenty-fashion-show-former-victorias-secret-models-2021-9 &quot;Rihanna's Savage x Fenty bandhiga bandhiga moodada waxaa ka buuxa moodooyinka hore ee Sirta Victoria&quot;]

[https://www.instagram.com/p/B9KJLp6loAf/ &quot;Save the Rhino Trust Namibia Instagram-ka: &quot;Waxaan ka helnay dakhliga badeecada gaarka ah ee uu sameeyay @behatiprinsloo. Lacagaha waxaa loo isticmaali doonaa in lagu dhameeyo shaqada kaamamkayada-duqsiyeedka kuwaas oo siinaya xoogaa raaxo ah raadraacayaashayada garoonka marka ay ku jiraan roondada si ay ula socdaan oo ay u ilaaliyaan wiyishayada. #badbaadihinotrust #badbaadiye]

[https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/behati-prinsloo-adam-levine-sex-third-child-boy-1235462820/ &quot;Behati Prinsloo waxay daaha ka qaadaysaa cunuga 3aad ee Adam Levine inuu yahay wiil, waxay tiri heesaa waxay ahayd 'aad u neerfaysan' gooynta xudunta&quot;]

[https://www.nbc.com/nbc-insider/adam-levine-maroon-5-new-front-woman-video-tease &quot;Xaaska Adam Levine Behati Prinsloo Stars ee Maroon 5's New &quot;Habeenkii oo dhan&quot; Video Muusikada&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
{{Commons|Category:Behati Prinsloo|Behati Prinsloo}}
[[imdbname:2940272|Behati Prinsloo]] IMDb

[https://models.com/models/Behati Behati Prinsloo] ee Models.com

[https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/behati_prinsloo/ Behati Prinsloo] ee Hagaha Modelka Fashionka 

[https://www.instagram.com/behatiprinsloo/ Behati Prinsloo] ee [[Inistigaram|Instagram-ka]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Nanda Costa</title>
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      <text bytes="9462" sha1="2wq0ls20qgjmh6q0yalnvydm0ojn0kn" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Nanda Costa
| image              = Nanda Costa - Orgulho e Família 2023.png
| imagesize          = 
| caption            = Costa sanadka 2023
| birth_name         = Fernanda Costa Campos Cotote
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1986|09|24|df=yes}}
| birth_place        = [[Paraty]], [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil
| occupation         = Jilaa
| years_active       = 2006–hadda
| spouse             = {{marriage|Lan Lan|2019}}
| children           = 2
}}
'''Fernanda Costa Campos Cotote''' (waxay dhalatay 24 Sebtember 1986) waa jilaa reer Brazil ah. Waxay caan ku tahay inay ka ciyaarto doorka hogaaminta, Morena, ee telenovela Salve Jorge .
==Taariikh nololeedka==
Costa waxa uu ku dhashay Paraty , gobolka Rio de Janeiro , Waxay leedahay abtirsiinyo Lubnaan iyada oo ayeeyo hooyadeed. Wareysiyada, waxay ku sheegtay inay tahay lab iyo dhedig oo ay garanaysay tan iyo yaraanteedii. Iyada oo asturan nolosheeda gaarka ah, ayay dhif tahay in lagu arko saxaafadda Nanda Costa waxay kala hadashay xiriirkeeda 5-sano ee Lan Lahn wareysi. Waxay si wadajir ah u qoreen hees cinwaankeedu yahay 'Aponte,' oo ay duubtay fannaanka Maria Bethania ee 2017. Dhawaan Costa iyo Lanh ayaa qoray hees cinwaankeedu yahay 'Não é Comum, mas é normal' oo loo tarjumi karo 'Ma ahan wax caadi ah laakiin waa caadi,' oo ku saabsan matalaadda LGBTQ 
==Xirfad==
Waxay doorkeedii ugu horreeyay ka ciyaartay 2006 Rede Globo telenovela Cobras &amp; Lagartos , taas oo ay u jilaysay sidii antagonist Madá. Ka dib markii uu ka qaybqaatay 2008 ee Globo's gaarka ah Por Toda Minha Vida iyo hal dhacdo oo ah Ó Paí, Ó . 2009, waxay ku ciyaartay Viver a Vida sidii Soraia.  Nanda Costa waxaa loo magacaabay abaalmarino dhowr ah doorkeeda dhilleysiga Jéssica ee filimka 2010 Sonhos Roubados .  Costa wuxuu ka qaybqaatay isla sanadkaas hal dhacdo oo ka mid ah Clandestinos - O Sonho Começou , dabeecad sidoo kale loo yaqaan Nanda.  2011, waxay ku ciyaartay antagonist Lilica telenovela Cordel Encantado ee Duca Rachid iyo Thelma Guedes Nanda Costa ayaa ciyaaray doorka hogaaminta, Morena, dhibane ka ganacsiga dadka, 2012 Rede Globo telenovela Salve Jorge ee Glória Perez
==Filmography==
===Telefishanka===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;background: LightSteelBlue;&quot; | Television
|-
! Sannadka 
! Ciwaanka 
! Doorka 
! Xusuusin 
|-
| 2006 || ''[[Cobras &amp; Lagartos]]'' || Madá (Maria Madalena Padilha) || Antagonist
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2008 || ''[[Por Toda Minha Vida]]'' || [[Dolores Duran]] || Episode: &quot;Dolores Duran&quot;
|-
|  ''[[Ó Paí, Ó]]'' || Quenga || Episode: &quot;A Quenga do Matagal&quot;
|-
| 2009 || ''[[Viver a Vida]]'' || Soraia Villela || Antagonist
|-
| 2010 ||  ''Clandestinos - O Sonho Começou'' || Nanda || Episode: &quot;Último Episódio&quot;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2011 || ''Amor em 4 Atos'' || Girl || Episode: &quot;Folhetim &amp; Vitrines&quot; 
|-
| ''[[Cordel Encantado]]'' || Lilica (Lillian Desireé) || Antagonist
|-
| 2012 || ''[[Salve Jorge]]'' || Morena || Lead role
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2014
| ''O Caçador'' || Marinalva ||
|-
| ''[[Império]]'' || Tuane dos Santos ||
|-
| rowspan=2|2015 || ''[[Malhação]]'' || Josefina Carrara || Season 22&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://noticiasdetv.com/2015/06/25/nanda-costa-entra-em-malhacao-para-viver-vila/|title=Nanda Costa entra em &quot;Malhação&quot; para viver vilã|date=June 25, 2015 |accessdate=March 28, 2016|language=Portuguese}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| ''Romance Policial - Espinosa'' || Camila ||
|-
| 2017|| ''[[Pega Pega]]'' || Sandra Helena ||
|-
| 2018|| ''[[Segundo Sol]]'' || Maura ||
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2019 || ''[[Segunda Chamada]]'' || Rita Maria de Cássia ||
|-
|  ''[[Amor de Mãe]]'' || Érica dos Santos Silva ||
|-
| 2023|| [[The Masked Singer Brasil (season 3)|''The Masked Singer Brasil'']] || Vovó Tartaruga || Season 3&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gshow.globo.com/realities/the-masked-singer-brasil/2023/noticia/nanda-costa-prova-que-nao-usou-efeito-na-voz-da-vovo-tartaruga-em-the-masked-singer-brasil.ghtml |title= Nanda Costa prova que não usou efeito na voz da Vovó Tartaruga no The Masked Singer Brasil |date=2 April 2023|website=[[Globo.com]] |access-date=2023-04-04 | language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2024
|''[[Justiça]]''
|Milena Souza de Jesus
|Season 2&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Papelpop |first=Redação |date=2023-03-02 |title=Paolla Oliveira e Nanda Costa serão rivais na nova temporada de &quot;Justiça&quot;; saiba mais |url=https://www.papelpop.com/2023/03/paolla-oliveira-e-nanda-costa-serao-rivais-na-nova-temporada-de-justica-saiba-mais/ |access-date=2025-01-26 |website=PAPELPOP |language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}

=== Film ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;background: LightSteelBlue;&quot; | Film
|-
! Sannadka 
! Sannadka 
! Doorka 
|-
| 2007 || ''[[Querô]]'' || Girl 3&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.imagemfilmes.com.br/filme/quero|title=''Querô''|accessdate=July 6, 2023|website=Imagem Filmes|date=April 15, 2009 |language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2008 || ''Sexo com Amor?'' ||Juliana
|-
| 2008 || ''[[Bezerra de Menezes: O Diário de um Espírito]]'' ||Lady
|-
| 2009 || ''Carmo'' || Rosália
|-
| 2009 || ''Um Homem Qualquer'' ||Lia
|-
| 2010 || ''Sonhos Roubados'' ||Jéssica
|-
| 2011 || ''[[Rat Fever]]'' || Eneida
|-
| 2012 || ''[[Gonzaga — de Pai pra Filho|Gonzaga - de Pai pra Filho]]'' || Odaléia Guedes
|-
| rowspan=2|2014 || ''Love Film Festival'' || Camila&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oglobo.globo.com/cultura/filme-metalinguistico-encerra-mostra-competitiva-de-longas-de-ficcao-do-festival-do-rio-14155321|title=Filme metalinguístico encerra mostra competitiva de longas de ficção do Festival do Rio|accessdate=March 28, 2016|website=O Globo|date=October 6, 2014 |language=Portuguese}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| ''Infância'' || Iracema&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.fortefilmes.com.br/portugues/infancia/|title=Infacîa|accessdate=March 28, 2016|website=Forte Filme|language=Portuguese|archive-date=January 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190102091302/http://www.fortefilmes.com.br/portugues/infancia/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2020 || ''[[Monster Hunter (film)|Monster Hunter]]'' || Lea
|}
===Marxalada===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;background: LightSteelBlue;&quot; | Stage
|-
! Sannadka 
! Ciwaanka 
! Doorka 
|-
| 2009 || ''Cravo e a Rosa - Musical'' || Rosicleide
|-
| 2011 || ''A República em Laguna'' || [[Anita Garibaldi]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://revistaquem.globo.com/Revista/Quem/0,,EMI285276-9531,00.html|title=Murilo Rosa e Nanda Costa vivem Giuseppe e Anita Garibaldi em encenação|accessdate=March 28, 2016|website=Quem|language=Portuguese}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}
==Abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista==
*2007 - ( La magacaabay ) 
Abaalmarinta Tayada Brazil - Horumarka Jilaaga ugu Fiican ee Cobras &amp; Lagartos .

*2007 - ( La magacaabay ) Abaalmarinta Contigo! TV - Horumarka Jilaaga ugu Fiican ee Cobras &amp; Lagartos .

*2008 - ( La magacaabay ) Abaalmarinta Tayada Brazil - Horumarka Jilaaga ugu Fiican ee Bezerra de Menezes: O Diário de um Espírito .

*2010 - Bandhiga Filimada Caalamiga ah ee Rio de Janeiro - Jilaaga ugu Fiican ee Sonhos Roubados .
2010 - Bandhiga Filimada Brazil ee Paris - jilaagii ugu fiicnaa ee Sonhos Roubados .

*2010 - Bandhiga Filimada Brazil ee Miami - Jilaaga ugu Fiican ee Sonhos Roubados .

*2010 - Festival of Biarritz - jilaagii ugu fiicnaa ee Sonhos Roubados .

*2011 - Bandhiga Filimka Paulinia - Jilaaga ugu Fiican ee Febre do Rato .

*2012 - ( La magacaabay ) Abaalmarinta Cinema Brazil ee Guarani - jilaagii ugu fiicnaa Febre do Rato .

*2013 - ( La magacaabay ) Grand Prix ee Shineemada Brazil - jilaayada ugu wanaagsan Febre do Rato .
2013 - ( Loo magacaabay ) Abaalmarinta Contigo ! TV-Aktarada ugu fiican Salve Jorge .

*2013 - ( Loo magacaabay ) Abaalmarinta Dheeraadka ah ee Telefishinka - Jilaaga ugu fiican Salve Jorge .

*2013 - ( Loo magacaabay ) Abaalmarinta UOL - jilaagii ugu fiicnaa Salve Jorge .

*2013 - ( La magacaabay ) Abaalmarinta Quem de Televisão - jilaagii ugu fiicnaa Salve Jorge .

*2014 - ( La magacaabay ) Abaalmarinta Internetka ee Troféu - jilaaga ugu fiican Salve Jorge .

*2018 - ( La magacaabay ) Abaalmarinnada 19-aad ee Latin Grammy - heesta luqadda Portuguese-ka ee ugu wanaagsan &quot;Aponte&quot;
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20260201192049/https://revistamarieclaire.globo.com/Noticias/noticia/2018/07/amor-e-amor-nanda-costa-fala-pela-primeira-vez-de-sua-relacao-com-lan-lanh.html &quot;Amor é amor: Nanda Costa fala pela primeira vez de sua relação com Lan Lanh&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20150114032657/http://gazetaweb.globo.com/noticia.php?c=207414&amp;e=34 &quot;Nanda Costa está confirmada no elenco da série 'Clandestinos']

[https://gshow.globo.com/realities/the-masked-singer-brasil/2023/noticia/nanda-costa-prova-que-nao-usou-efeito-na-voz-da-vovo-tartaruga-em-the-masked-singer-brasil.ghtml &quot;Nanda Costa prova que não usou efeito na voz da Vovó Tartaruga no The Masked Singer Brasil&quot;]

[http://oglobo.globo.com/cultura/filme-metalinguistico-encerra-mostra-competitiva-de-longas-de-ficcao-do-festival-do-rio-14155321 &quot;Filim metalinguístico encerra mostra competitiva de longas de ficção do Festival do Rio&quot;]

[http://revistaquem.globo.com/Revista/Quem/0,,EMI285276-9531,00.html &quot;Murilo Rosa e Nanda Costa vivem Giuseppe e Anita Garibaldi em encenação&quot;]{{Reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[[imdbname:2273474|Nanda Costa]] iyo [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>McKey Sullivan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="7434" sha1="6kqobyq7lqn2rp0cmqs9tltoqx4o6vm" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox model
| name = McKey Sullivan
| image = Mkay.jpg
| imagesize = 250px
| birth_name = Brittany Sullivan
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1988|9|9}}
| birth_place = [[Lake Forest, Illinois]], U.S.
| alma_mater = [[Ripon College (Wisconsin)|Ripon College]]
| height = {{height|ft=6|in=0}}
| haircolor = Bunni
| eyecolor = Buluug
| agency = Elite Models
| spouse =  {{marriage|[[Sam Alvey]]|2013}} 
| children = 5&lt;ref&gt;{{cite instagram |user=mmamckey |postid=CKXuspwp2GJ |title=Officially Alvey party of 7! |date=2021-01-22 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/CKXuspwp2GJ |archive-date=2021-12-24}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| website =
}}
'''Brittany “McKey” Alvey''' (née Sullivan ; dhashay Sebtember 9, 1988) waa moodada moodada Mareykanka ee ugu caansan inuu ku guuleysto wareegga kow iyo tobnaad ee Modelka Xiga ee Ameerika .
==Nolosha hore==
Sullivan wuxuu u dhashay Michael iyo Gayle Sullivan wuxuuna leeyahay saddex walaalo ah, Bridgette, Jimmy, iyo Mikey. Waxay ka qalin jabisay Dugsiga Sare ee Lake Forest waxayna dhigatay Kulliyadda Ripon halkaas oo ay ku takhasustay cilmiga bayoolajiga dawladda iyo kiimikada  waxayna xubin ka ahayd Alpha Delta Pi sorority. Waxay sidoo kale ku tababartaa fanka dagaalka ee isku dhafan ninkeeda, Sam Alvey . Waxay caan ku ahayd inay ka soo muuqato Bristol Renaissance Faire , taas oo dhiirigelisay dareenkeeda moodada dhexe.  Sullivan waxa ay gashay qaabaynta markii ay isku dayday Elite Model Look ka dib dhaawac isboorti oo ay ku guulaysatay qaybta gobolka ee tartanka
==Qaabka Sare ee Xiga ee Ameerika==
Markii uu jiray da'da 19, Sullivan wuxuu ahaa tartame siddeedaad ee loo doorto inuu ka qaybqaato wareegga kow iyo tobnaad ee Modelka Xiga ee Ameerika oo ka dhan ah saddex iyo toban tartame oo kale, ugu dambeyntiina ku guuleystay tartanka. Laba tartame oo kale oo magaciisu yahay Brittany (ama kala duwanaansho) ayaa sidoo kale ku tartamay isla wareeggaas , sidaas darteed halka Brittany Rubalcaba ay ilaalinaysay magaceeda koowaad, Sullivan iyo Brittney (kadibna ay raacdo &quot;Sharaun&quot;) Brown ayaa magacyadooda u beddelay bandhigga. Sullivan waxay dooratay &quot;McKey&quot; tan iyo markii hooyadeed ay ka fikiraysay inay magaceeda u bixiso McKenzie markay dhalatay iyo maadaama uu ahaa qalinka magaceeda dugsiga sare  Waxay qorsheyneysaa inay sii wadato isticmaalka magaca wixii ka dambeeya xilli telefishinka Sullivan wuxuu ku soo galay tartanka isagoo leh timo cas oo dhalaalaya garabka dhererka si kastaba ha ahaatee waxaa loo beddelay timo madow oo gaaban intii lagu jiray samaynta. Intii ay joogtay, Sullivan waxa ay noqotay mid ka mid ah tartamayaasha hore, waxa ay ku guulaysatay laba caqabadood, iyada oo heshay laba wicitaan oo hore oo aan waligood laga dhigin shanaad. Intii lagu guda jiray tartanka go-eeg ee Amsterdam , Sullivan waxaa ballan qaaday dhammaan afarta naqshadeeyayaasha ee ay la kulantay, inkastoo ay ka mamnuucday caqabadda markii ay ku soo laabatay hay'adda ka baxsan wakhtiga xaddidan oo ay lumisay Analeigh Tipton oo ay ku buuxisay dhammaan saddexda naqshadeeyayaasha ee ay la kulantay. Sullivan way ku guulaysan lahayd tartankan haddii ay wakhtiga ku sugnayd. Waxay sii waday inay ku garaacdo Samantha Potter horyaalka. Sullivan wuxuu noqday guuleystaha labaad ee aan waligiis yeelanin labo muuqaal hoose, iyadoo Jaslene Gonzalez ay ahayd qofkii ugu horreeyay. Rikoorkan waxa ku guulaystay Nicole Fox , Krista White , Sophie Sumner , Jourdan Miller iyo India Gants . Iyada oo qayb ka ah xirmada abaalmarinta ANTM ee la siiyay, Sullivan waxay ka soo muuqatay daboolka Seventeen Magazine oo leh tifaftir 6-bog ah waxayna heshay qandaraas CoverGirl cosmetics iyo qandaraas wakiilnimo oo leh Maareynta Model Elite . Waxaa lagu soo bandhigi doonaa ololaha Wal-Mart , iyo sidoo kale xayeysiisyada ololaha CoverGirl ee qaranka. Guusheeda waxay sidoo kale ka kooban tahay boorka xayaysiinta ee Times Square.
==Shaqo daabac/online==
Sullivan waxaa lagu soo bandhigay bishii Disembar 2008 ee In Touch Weekly  Waxay ka soo muuqatay jaldiga waxayna lahayd faafitaanka Feebarwari 2009 ee majaladda Seventeen iyada oo qayb ka ah xirmada abaalmarinta ANTM- keeda Waxay sidoo kale ku jirtay daboolka Forest &amp; Bluff Magazine, Janaayo 2009 daabacaadda iyo Nylon Magazine, Maarso 2009 Waxay dhowaan lagu soo bandhigay Yahoo Style iyada iyo Whitney Thompson  Waxay lahayd daboolka iyo faafitaanka Chicago Scene, Juun 2009 iyo sidoo kale xayeysiisyo kala duwan oo loogu talagalay Forever 21 , Rendezvous, Myer, Crabtree iyo Evelyn iyo Sass iyo Bide. Waxay sidoo kale ka soo muuqatay arrinta Sebtembar 2009 ee Marie Claire qaabaynta Oroton, Fendi iyo Miu Miu boorsooyinka iyo shandadadaha. Sullivan waxaa lagu soo bandhigay daboolka Cover Fall 2009 iyo faafinta moodada gudaha ee majaladda Vogue Knitting .
==Runway==
[[File:McKey_Sullivan_copyright_Ed_Kavishe.JPG|thumb|]]
Waxay u socotay EиD by Eva iyo Delia, Mada van Gaans, Ready to Fish by Ilja Visser iyo Addy van den Krommenacker at Amsterdam International Fashion Week 2009, bookings iyada oo la shaqaaleysiiyay inta lagu guda jiro go-sees ee qaybta 10 Sullivan sidoo kale u socday G -Star at Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Fall iyo Trill Tobani . Todobaadka Fashion-ka 2009 ee Heather Jones Designs Limited Waxay sidoo kale ka soo muuqatay Dutch Avantgarde iyada iyo Samantha Potter Waxay sidoo kale ka soo muuqatay dhabbaha dayuuradaha ee khadka lebiska ee Mr. Jay ee loo yaqaan &quot;dabciga&quot; Aaminat.
==Nolosha gaarka ah==
2005, Sullivan waxay la kulantay ninkeeda, Sam Alvey , oo ah farshaxan dagaaleed isku dhafan , oo ku yaal Bristol Renaissance Faire halkaas oo uu ka shaqaynayey Agoosto 7, 2011, ka dib afar sano oo shukaansi ah, Alvey wuxuu soo jeediyay Sullivan. Waxay guursadeen Janaayo 19, 2013 Hotel Wilderness ee Wisconsin Dells  Lamaanuhu waxay isku dhaleen shan carruur ah
==Abaalmarino iyo maamuus==
Inta lagu guda jiro nolosheyda sida CoverGirl xayeysiis ah, waxaa shaaca laga qaaday in ay la shaqaynaysay Make-A-Wish Foundation . Waxaa sidoo kale loo magacaabay mid ka mid ah dadka ugu quruxda badan majaladda dadka ee 2009.                                                                 Waxaa sidoo kale loo magacaabay haweeneyda 44-aad ee ugu kacsiga badan 2008-dii BuddyTv.
==Tixraac==
[https://www.tvguide.com/News/Model-Winner-McKey-1000036.aspx &quot;Suxuunta ugu Sarreysa ee ku guulaysta Model ee Wadooyinkeeda 'Weirdo'&quot;]

[http://all-antm.net/thumbnails.php?album=411 &quot;Shaqada daabacaadda ee all-antm.net&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20160507032553/http://www.pe.com/articles/alvey-695887-mma-year.html &quot;Feerka: Ma jiro dhoola cadeynta wajiga Alvey&quot;]

[http://www.wetpaint.com/americas-next-top-models-mckey-sullivan-what-is-the-cycle-11-winner-doing-now-760792/ &quot;Modelka Sare ee Ameerika ee Xiga McKey Sullivan: Waa maxay Guuleystaha Wareega 11 uu Hadda Sameynayo? | Wetpaint, Inc&quot;]

[https://www.buddytv.com/tvs-50-sexiest-women-of-2008/ &quot;BuddyTV Slideshow | 50-ka haween ee ugu galmada badan TV-ga 2008&quot;]{{Reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibadda==
{{Commons|Category:McKey Sullivan|McKey Sullivan}}[https://web.archive.org/web/20081220044357/http://www.elitemodels.com/details.aspx?navbtn=1&amp;city=NY&amp;modelid=383821&amp;pic=005.jpg&amp;subid=4668&amp;mainsubid=4668&amp;io=111&amp;indx=2 Elite Model Management portfolio] 

[[imdbname:3124553|McKey Sullivan]] ee [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]]

[https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/mckey_sullivan/ McKey Sullivan] ee Fashion Model Directory</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Zam Zam Cabdullaahi Cabdi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="3425" sha1="490gikfu9lijh9pmwkrwuejrl5bms93" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name             = Zam Zam Abdullahi Abdi
| image            = 
| image_size       = 
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| birth_name       = 
| birth_date       = 
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| occupation       = Wariye, [[u dhaqdhaqaaqa xuquuqda aadanaha]]
| known_for        = [[Xuquuqda dumarka]], [[xuquuqda carruurta]]
| language         = 
| nationality      = Soomaali, [[Kenya|Kenyan]]
| citizenship      = 
| education        = 
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'''Zam Zam Cabdulaahi Cabdi''' waa weriye Soomaaliyeed iyo u dhaqdhaqaaqa xuquuqda aadanaha si gaar ahna diiradda u saarta xuquuqda haweenka iyo carruurta . Waa laba dhalasho oo kala ah [[Soomaaliya]] iyo [[Kenya]].
==Dhaqdhaqaaqa==
Cabdi waa sarkaalka kobcinta awooda Ururka Isbahaysiga Ururada Haweenka Grassroots, ahna guddoomiyaha Ururka Shabakadda Afrika ee cutubka Soomaaliyeed ee ka hortagga iyo ilaalinta ka hortagga xadgudubka iyo dayaca carruurta. Cabdi waxa uu ka shaqeeyaa sidii haweenka Soomaaliyeed ay u heli lahaayeen waxbarasho fudud .
==Afduub==
2004tii, isagoo u qaabilsanaa Warfaafinta Ururka Haweenka Saxafiyiinta Soomaaliyeed, Cabdi waxaa 24-kii Oktoobar ilaa 25-kii bishii Oktoobar ee lasoo dhaafay ka afduubtay magaalada Muqdisho oo ay gacanta ku hayeen shaqsiyaad hubeysan oo ku sugnaa magaalada Muqdisho ee caasimadda Soomaaliya. Waxay aaminsan tahay in loo afduubay sababtoo ah hawlaheeda difaaca carruurta.
==2016 eedeymaha argagixisada==
Bishii Oktoobar 2016, Zam Zam Cabdullaahi Cabdi ayaa dacwad ka gudbisay maxkamadda sare ee Kenya .  Waxaa lagu eedeeyay inay qaraxday saldhig booliis oo ku yaalla Mombasa
Dacwadan ayaa waxaa cambaareeyay ururka Cage Africa iyadoo qareenada afarta qof ee u ololeeya loo diiday inay soo bandhigaan cadeymo ay kaga doodi karaan eedeymaha. Dhaqdhaqaaqayaasha ayaa la sheegay in lagu sameeyay baaritaanno qaawan 
.
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20250718131241/https://mshale.com/2008/11/30/human-rights-activists-pressure-international-community-to-address-the-somali-crisis/ &quot;U dhaqdhaqaaqayaasha Xuquuqda Aadanaha waxay ku cadaadiyaan Beesha Caalamka inay wax ka qabtaan dhibaatada Soomaaliya&quot;]

[https://rsf.org/fr/une-journaliste-bri%C3%A8vement-kidnapp%C3%A9e-%C3%A0-mogadiscio &quot;Une journaliste brièvement kidnappée à Mogadishu&quot;]

[http://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2016/sept/117841/three_girls_charged_for_concealing_information_about_police_raid.aspx &quot;Saddex gabdhood ayaa lagu soo oogay dacwad ah inay qariyeen macluumaadka ku saabsan weerarka booliiska&quot;]

[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/coast/article/2000216900/three-more-women-held-in-mombasa-terror-probe &quot;Saddex kale oo haween ah ayaa lagu hayaa baaritaanka argagixisada ee Mombasa&quot;]

[https://www.cage.ngo/cage-africa-calls-for-fair-trial-for-kenyan-women-arrested-under-terrorism-laws &quot;CAGE Africa waxay ku baaqeysaa in maxkamad cadaalad ah la horkeeno haweenka Kenyaanka ah ee lagu xiro sharciga argagixisada&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cage.ngo/cage-africa-calls-for-fair-trial-for-kenyan-women-arrested-under-terrorism-laws |date=20230925222535 }}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cabdirisaaq Biixi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="1476" sha1="jxqcwhom7zvbr44bmyhlvgeyvnzkjwp" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name        = Cabdirisaaq Biixi &lt;br&gt; عبد الرزاق بيحي
| image       = 
| imagesize   = 
| caption     = 
| birth_date  = 
| birth_place = [[Soomaaliya]]
| occupation  = [[Dhaqdhaqaaqa|dhaqdhaqaaqayaasha]]
| nationality = 
| children    = 
| title       = Agaasimaha Xarunta Waxbarashadda iyo Arrimaha Bulshada Soomaaliyeed
| alma_mater  = 
}}
'''Abdirizak Bihi''' ([[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]: Cabdirisaaq Biixi , [[Carabi]]: عبد الرزاق بيهي ) is a Somali-American social activist. Tan iyo 1996, waxa uu ahaa qabanqaabiye ka dhex jira jaaliyadda Soomaalida ee Minneapolis , Minnesota Biixi waa agaasimaha xarunta u doodista iyo waxbarashada Soomaaliya Xilkan, wuxuu ka shaqeeyay waxbaridda iyo tababarida hoggaamiyeyaasha Soomaaliyeed waxqabad bulsho.
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20110313114525/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/03/10/whos-testifying-at-the-muslim-radicalization-hearings/ &quot;Yaa ka markhaati kacaya dhegaysiyada xagjiraynta muslimiinta&quot;]//March 13, 2011 30 Juun 2014

[https://web.archive.org/web/20150323001749/http://www.startribune.com/local/minneapolis/258113061.html#xMwJreAKLcPjl9at.97 {{Wayback|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150323001749/http://www.startribune.com/local/minneapolis/258113061.html#xMwJreAKLcPjl9at.97 |date=20150323001749 }} &quot;Dhismaha wax-ku-kordhinta ayaa ku dumay dushooda suuqa weyn ee Soomaalida ee koonfurta Minneapolis&quot;]// . StarTribune. 7 May 2014 .  30 Juun 2014</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Kristine Froseth</title>
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      <text bytes="12877" sha1="56zeterg7w1dff134417u86rxsamov8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name          = Kristine Froseth&lt;!-- use common name/article title --&gt;
| image         = Kristine Froseth on Vlogbrothers.jpg
| alt           = &lt;!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software --&gt;
| caption       = Froseth Sannadkii 2019
| birth_date    = {{Birth date and age|1995|09|21}}
| birth_place   = [[Summit, New Jersey]], U.S.
| other_names   = 
| occupation    = Jilaa
| years_active  = 2013–hadda
| partner       = 
}}
'''Kristine Froseth''' ( / ˈfr oʊsɛ θ / ; Norwegian : Frøseth ; dhashay Sebtembar 21, 1995 waa jilaa Mareykan ah . Waxay caan ku tahay inay Kelly Aldrich ku ciyaarto taxanaha Netflix The Society (2019), Alaska Young ee taxanaha Hulu Raadinta Alaska (2019), iyo Nan St. George ee taxanaha Apple TV+ The Buccaneers (2023). 2022, waxay xiddig ku jishay taxanaha Showtime Marwada koobaad iyada oo da'yar Betty Ford.

Waxay sidoo kale caan ku tahay jilida filimada, qaadashada doorarka taageerada ee Sierra Burgess Waa Khasaare (2018), Rasuulka (2018), Kaaliyaha (2019), iyo Oh, Canada (2024) iyadoo sidoo kale door hoggaamineed ka qaadaneysa Sharp Stick (2022), iyo sida loo afuufo dhuumaha (2022).
==Nolosha hore==
Froseth wuxuu ku dhashay Sebtembar 21, 1995, Summit, New Jersey , oo u dhashay waalidiinta Norway.  caruurnimadeedii waxa ay ku qaadatay in ay dib iyo dib ugu soo noqoto Oslo iyo New Jersey shaqada aabaheed awgeed.
==Xirfad==
Froseth bilaabay qaabaynta ka dib markii la ogaaday on bandhiga catwalk at Ski Storsenter ee Norway, iyo waxaa sidoo kale indha indheyn by IMG Models halka New Jersey at show ah suuqa suuqa kala iibsiga.  Waxay u qaabaysay summadaha sida Prada , Armani , Miu Miu iyo H&amp;M 
Xirfadeeda jilitaanku waxay bilaabatay markii agaasime jilaa uu helay sawiradeeda oo uu ku dhiiri galiyay inay daawato laqabsiga filimka sheeko- raadinta Alaska ee John Green . Laqabsiga filimkan weligeed lama samayn. Sannadkii 2016, waxaa lagu tuuray duuliyaha si taxane ah oo suurtagal ah oo laqabsi ah ee U ogolow Midka Saxda ah In Froseth waxay shaqadeeda jiliin ka bilowday filimka 2017 Rebel in the Rye  2018, waxay jishay laba filim oo Netflix ah, Sierra Burgess Is a Loser iyo Messenger ,  iyo Sky miniseries, Xaqiiqda ku saabsan Arimaha Harry Quebert .
Maajo 9, 2018, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in Hulu uu la qabsan doono novel John Green Raadinta Alaska oo ah 8-dhacdo oo wasaarado ah  Oktoobar 30, 2018, Green wuxuu ku dhawaaqay in Froseth uu ciyaari doono Alaska Young, mid ka mid ah jilayaasha ugu muhiimsan Waxay ku jilaysaa 2021 Amazon Prime Video filimka Shimbiraha Jannada ee ay maamusho Sarah Adina Smith . 
Bishii Juun 2022, Froseth waxaa loo tuuray inuu jilaa Apple TV+ 's The Buccaneers .  Isla sanadkaas Froseth wuxuu ciyaaray jilaagii, Coby Rae Dellum, qeybta koowaad ee xilli ciyaareedkii labaad ee FX ee taxanaha Hulu ee Sheekooyinka Horror American oo sii daayay July 21 , 2022 . Waxay sidoo kale ku muujisay gabadh yar oo Betty Ford taxanaha xaddidan ee Marwada Koowaad (2022).
==Nolosha gaarka ah==
Froseth waxay shukaansanaysaa saaxiibkeed Guy Remmers , kaasoo ay kula kulantay The Buccaneers set, laga bilaabo 2022.
==Filmography==
===Filim===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Doorka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | {{abbr|Tixraac.|Reference(s)}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2017
| ''[[Rebel in the Rye]]''
| Shirley Blaney
|
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2018 
| ''[[Sierra Burgess Is a Loser]]''
| Veronica
|
| 
|-
| ''[[Apostle (film)|Apostle]]''
| Ffion
|
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2019
| ''[[Prey (2019 American film)|Prey]]''
| Madeleine
|
| 
|-
| ''[[Low Tide]]''
| Mary
| 
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.tribecafilm.com/filmguide/low-tide-2019|title=Low Tide|website=[[Tribeca Film Festival]]|access-date=April 8, 2019|archive-date=August 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809000937/http://www.tribecafilm.com/filmguide/low-tide-2019|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| data-sort-value=&quot;Assistant, The&quot; | ''[[The Assistant (2019 film)|The Assistant]]''
| Sienna
| 
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2019/04/harvey-weinstein-assistant-movie-matthew-macfadyen-kristine-froseth-makenzie-leigh-kitty-green-1202591047/|title=Harvey Weinstein Assistant Movie: Matthew Macfadyen, Kristine Froseth &amp; Makenzie Leigh Join Kitty Green Pic|website=Deadline Hollywood|first=Andreas|last=Wiseman|date=8 April 2019|access-date=8 April 2019|archive-date=15 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215011002/https://deadline.com/2019/04/harvey-weinstein-assistant-movie-matthew-macfadyen-kristine-froseth-makenzie-leigh-kitty-green-1202591047/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2021
| ''[[Birds of Paradise (2021 film)|Birds of Paradise]]''
| Marine Elise Durand
|
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2022
| ''[[Sharp Stick]]''
| Sarah Jo
| 
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2021/film/news/lena-dunham-secret-movie-sharp-stick-director-berlin-1234918885/|title=Secret Lena Dunham Feature 'Sharp Stick' Wraps Production, Launches Sales at Virtual Berlin (EXCLUSIVE)|date=March 2, 2021|first=Matt|last=Donnelly|website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=March 2, 2021|archive-date=March 2, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302160553/https://variety.com/2021/film/news/lena-dunham-secret-movie-sharp-stick-director-berlin-1234918885/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| ''[[How to Blow Up a Pipeline (film)|How to Blow Up a Pipeline]]''
| Rowan
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://pop-culturalist.com/kristine-froseth-and-lukas-gage-discuss-how-to-blow-up-a-pipeline-creating-conversations-through-art-and-more/|title= Kristine Froseth and Lukas Gage Discuss How to Blow Up a Pipeline, Creating Conversations Through Art, and More|website= PopCulturalist|date= April 8, 2023|accessdate= May 25, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-

! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2023
| ''Snorkeling''
| Jameson
|
| 
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2024 
| ''Desert Road''
| Clare
|
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/criticism/movies/desert-road-review-sxsw-1234964173/|title='Desert Road' Review: Kristine Froseth Gets Stuck in a Loop in Beguiling Indie Thriller|date=March 13, 2024|first=Wilson|last=Chapman|website=[[IndieWire]]|access-date=March 16, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| ''[[Oh, Canada (film)|Oh, Canada]]''
| Alicia Fife
|
| |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://deadline.com/2023/12/oh-canada-movie-kristine-froseth-richard-gere-jacob-elordi-1235652626/|title= Kristine Froseth Joins Richard Gere, Jacob Elordi In Paul Schrader Pic 'Oh, Canada'|website= [[Deadline Hollywood]]|date= December 5, 2023|accessdate= May 25, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | TBA
| {{pending film|Her Private Hell}}
| 
| Post-production
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://variety.com/2025/film/news/sophie-thatcher-charles-melton-nicolas-winding-refn-film-1236375912/|title= Sophie Thatcher and Charles Melton Join Nicolas Winding Refn's 'Her Private Hell' at Neon|website= [[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date= April 23, 2025|accessdate= June 27, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-

! scope=&quot;row&quot; | TBA
| {{pending film|Pickleheads}}
| Mia Presley
| Post-production
| 
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | TBA
| {{pending film|The Face of Horror}}
|Eleanor
|Post-production
|
|}

=== Telefishanka === 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Doorka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | {{Abbr|Tixraac.|Reference(s)}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2013
|''New Face''
|Herself
|Web series
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xaXjU-7AMO4|title=Trailer: New Face|last=Dagbladet|publisher=|via=YouTube|access-date=2018-11-03|archive-date=2019-10-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191013154510/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xaXjU-7AMO4|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2016
|''Junior''
|Jess 
|Main role
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2017
|''[[Let the Right One In (TV series)|Let the Right One In]]''
|Eli
|Unsold television pilot
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2018
| data-sort-value=&quot;Truth About the Harry Quebert Affair, The&quot; | ''[[The Truth About the Harry Quebert Affair (miniseries)|The Truth About the Harry Quebert Affair]]''
|Nola Kellergan
|Miniseries
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2019
| data-sort-value=&quot;Society, The&quot; | ''[[The Society (TV series)|The Society]]''
| Kelly
| Main role
|
|-
| ''[[Looking for Alaska (miniseries)|Looking for Alaska]]''
| Alaska Young
| Miniseries
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2020
| ''[[When the Streetlights Go On]]''
| Chrissy Monroe
| Miniseries
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://collider.com/when-the-streetlights-go-on-quibi-review/|title= 'When the Streetlights Go On' Review: A Hokey Whodunnit Steeped in Aimless Nostalgia|website= Collider|date= April 10, 2020|accessdate= May 25, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2022
| data-sort-value=&quot;First Lady, The&quot; | ''[[The First Lady (American TV series)|The First Lady]]''
| [[Betty Ford]] (young)
| Limited series
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Otterson|first=Joe|title='The First Lady' at Showtime Adds Kristine Froseth, Jayme Lawson (EXCLUSIVE)|url=https://variety.com/2021/tv/news/the-first-lady-showtime-kristine-froseth-jayme-lawson-1234892671/|website=Variety|date=January 26, 2021|access-date=January 28, 2021|archive-date=January 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127195701/https://variety.com/2021/tv/news/the-first-lady-showtime-kristine-froseth-jayme-lawson-1234892671/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| ''[[American Horror Stories]]''
| Coby Rae Dellum
| Episode: &quot;Dollhouse&quot;
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://screenrant.com/american-horror-stories-season-2-dollhouse-ending-explained/|title= American Horror Stories Season 2 Ep 1 Ending &amp; Coven Twist Explained|website= ScreenRant|date= July 21, 2022|accessdate= May 25, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2023–present
| data-sort-value=&quot;Buccaneers, The&quot; | ''[[The Buccaneers (2023 TV series)|The Buccaneers]]''
| Nan St. George
| Main role
|
|-
!TBA
|{{pending film|The Age of Innocence}}
|May Welland
|Limited series
|[https://deadline.com/2025/09/camila-morrone-cast-netflix-the-age-of-innocence-adaptation-1236503987/ Netflix's The Age of Innocence]
|}

=== Tiyaatarka ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Wax soo saar
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Doorka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Goobta
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Ref.
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2025
| ''[[All Nighter (play)|All Nighter]]''
| Darcie
| The Newman Mills Theater, [[MCC Theater]]
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://playbill.com/article/photos-julia-lester-kathryn-gallagher-alyah-chanelle-scott-more-star-in-all-nighter-off-broadway|title= Photos: Julia Lester, Kathryn Gallagher, Alyah Chanelle Scott, More Star in All Nighter Off-Broadway|website= Playbill|accessdate= May 5, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|- 
|}

=== Muuqaalada muusiga===
{| class=&quot;wikitable unsortable plainrowheaders&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Doorka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Fanaanka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Tixraac.
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2016
| &quot;[[False Alarm (The Weeknd song)|False Alarm]]&quot;
| The Girl
| [[The Weeknd]]
| &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Bryant |first=Taylor |date=October 13, 2016 |title=The Weeknd Shares Gory New Video for &quot;False Alarm&quot; |url=https://www.nylon.com/articles/the-weeknd-false-alarm-music-video |access-date=March 23, 2025 |work=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| &quot;Killing Me to Love You&quot;
| Girl
| [[Vancouver Sleep Clinic]]
| &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lux |first=Ozan |date=May 29, 2023 |title=Kristine Froseth – American Model and Actress |url=https://fashionrepublicmagazine.com/kristine-froseth/ |access-date=March 23, 2025 |website=Fashion Republic |archive-date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220112547/https://fashionrepublicmagazine.com/kristine-froseth/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
==Abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista==
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;
|-
! Sannadka  
! Abaalmarinta
! Qaybta
! Shaqada
! Natiijada 
! Tixraac.
|-
| 2024
| [[57th Sitges Film Festival|Sitges Film Festival]]
| Best Actress
| ''Desert Road''
| {{won}}
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://sitgesfilmfestival.com/en/noticies/57th-edition-award-winners|title=57th Edition Award Winners|website=[[Sitges Film Festival]]|accessdate=12 October 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibadda==
{{Commons|Category:Kristine Froseth|Kristine Froseth}}[[imdbname:8109082|Kristine Froseth]] ee [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]]

[https://www.instagram.com/kristine_froseth/ Kristine Froseth ayaa] ku jirta [[Inistigaram|Instagram]]

[https://models.com/models/kristine-froseth Kristine Froseth] ee Models.com

[https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/kristine_fr%C3%B8seth/ Kristine Froseth] oo ku jirta Tusaha Modelka Dharka</text>
      <sha1>56zeterg7w1dff134417u86rxsamov8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Memoona Qudoos</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43395</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311958</id>
      <parentid>308341</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T01:02:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311958</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7851" sha1="my8n81oye5is8pjwa30oppiwd84mbkx" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Memoona Qudoos
| image              =
| alt                =
| caption            =
| native_name        =
| native_name_lang   =
| birth_name         = Memoona Qudoos Butt
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1992|8|15|df=y}}
| birth_place        = [[Rawalpindi]], [[Pakistan]]
| education          = [[Jaamacadda Islaamiga Caalamiga ah, Islamabad]]
| occupation         = {{Hlist | Jilaa | Model}}
| years_active       = 2016 – hada
| spouse             = {{marriage|Sohail|2019}}
| children           =
}}
'''Memoona Qudoos''' (dhashay 15 August 1995) waa atariisho iyo moodoow Pakistani ah. Waxay caan ku tahay doorkeeda bandhigyada telefishinka sida GT Road, Guddu, Farq, Nikah, Kalank, Umm-e-Haniya, iyo Jaisay Aapki Marzi.

==Nolosha hore==
Memoona waxay ku dhalatay Islamabad waxayna waxbarashadeeda ku dhameysatay Mass Communication Jaamacadda Caalamiga ah ee Islaamka, Islamabad . 
==Xirfad==
Intii ay wax baranaysay waxay xiisaynaysay jihaynta, soo saarista, qoraalka qoraalka iyo habaynta muuqaalka ka dib waxay tababar ku qaadatay PTV in muddo ah ka hor intaysan u wareegin Karachi Sannadkii 2016 waxay bilawday inay u shaqeyso sidii moodal loogu talagalay noocyada moodada iyo xayaysiisyada. Isla sannadkaas waxa loo soo bandhigay riwaayado badan oo ay agaasimayaashu sameeyeen
Sanadkii 2017 jilaaga Aijaz Aslam waxa uu u soo bandhigay door ku saabsan soo saaristiisa riwaayadeed ee Chaiyeh Thora Pyar taaso ay ka aqbashay waxayna samaysay doorka Saba; Ka dib, atariishada Javeria Saud waxay ku jishay riwaayadda Mohabbat Zindagi oo ay ku samaysay doorka Saba waxay heshay faallooyin wanaagsan Riwaayadihii badnaa ee markii danbe ka shaqeeyay waxaa ka mid ahaa Umm-e-Haniya , Kyunke Ishq Baraye Farookht Nahi , GT Road iyo Siyani  Sannadkii 2020 waxay ka shaqeysay riwaayad Turki ah Khuda Gawah waxayna sidoo kale baratay luqadda Turkiga doorkeeda Waxay sidoo kale ka shaqeysay riwaayadaha Marz-e-Ishq , Guddu , Farq , Behroop , Nikah iyo Agar Tum Mere Hote . Waxay kaloo ka soo muuqatay riwaayadaha Ziddi , Kalank , Makafaat Season 5 , Yehi to Pyar Hai iyo Sukoon . Sanadkii 2023 waxay ka shaqeysay riwaayadda Jaisay Aapki Marzi taasoo ay ku sameysay doorka Shehna waxaa Director ka ah Saba Hameed waxaana qortay Naila Zehra Jafri.
==Nolosha gaarka ah==
Waxay guursatay Sohail ganacsade sannadkii 2019.
==Filmography==
===Telefishanka===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Sanadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Doorka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Shabakada 
|-
|2017
| ''Chaiyeh Thora Pyar''
| Saba
| [[Play Entertainment]] 
|-
|2017
| ''Mohabbat Zindagi Hai''
| Beena
| [[Express Entertainment]] 
|-
|2018
| ''[[Umm-e-Haniya]]''
| Shazia
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2018
| ''Kyunke Ishq Baraye Farokht Nahi''
| Shanzay
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]] 
|-
|2019
| ''[[Mazaaq Raat]]''
| Herself
| [[Dunya News]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[GT Road (TV series)|GT Road]]''
| Feroza
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://dailypakistan.com.pk/15-Oct-2019/1034393|title=ڈرامہ سیریل&quot;جی ٹی روڈ&quot;کل سے نجی ٹی وی پر آن ائیر ہوگی|website=Daily Pakistan|date=8 May 2020|access-date=21 Bisha Tobnaad 2025|archive-date=12 Bisha Saddexaad 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250312081036/https://dailypakistan.com.pk/15-Oct-2019/1034393|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.roznama92news.com/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%81-%D8%B3%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88-%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B1-%DA%AF%DB%8C|title=ڈرامہ سیریز&quot;جی ٹی روڈ16&quot; اکتوبر کو آن ائیر ہوگی|website=Daily 92 News|date=4 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019
| ''[[Mazaaq Raat]]''
| Herself
| [[Dunya News]]
|-
|2020
| ''Khuda Gawah''
| Momina
| [[Geo TV]] 
|-
|2020
| ''Taron Sey Karen Batain''
| Herself
| [[GNN (Pakistani TV channel)|GNN]]
|-
|2020
| ''[[Mazaaq Raat]]''
| Herself
| [[Dunya News]]
|-
|2021
| ''Marz-e-Ishq''
| Aniya
| SAB TV 
|-
|2021
| ''Taron Sey Karen Batain''
| Herself
| [[GNN (Pakistani TV channel)|GNN]]
|-
|2022
| ''Siyani''
| Maira
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2022
| ''[[Guddu (TV series)|Guddu]]''
| Sharmeen
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2022
| ''Farq''
| Faryal
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''Nikah''
| Maham
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2023
| ''Agar Tum Mere Hote''
| Sundus
| LTN Family
|-
|2023
| ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 5]]''
| Sehrish
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''Behroop''
| Khalida
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''Sotailay''
| Tania
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2023
| ''Ziddi''
| Samra
| Aan TV
|-
|2023
| ''Kalank''
| Sheena
| [[Geo Entertainment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bolnews.com/latest/2023/08/hira-mani-junaid-khan-to-feature-in-a-drama-together/|title=Hira Mani &amp; Junaid Khan to feature in a drama together|website=BOL News|date=19 August 2023|access-date=21 Bisha Tobnaad 2025|archive-date=12 Bisha Saddexaad 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250312134248/https://www.bolnews.com/latest/2023/08/hira-mani-junaid-khan-to-feature-in-a-drama-together/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2023
| ''Yehi to Pyar Hai''
| Natasha
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]
|-
|2023
| ''[[Jaisay Aapki Marzi]]''
| Shehna
| [[ARY Digital]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://arynews.tv/dur-e-fishan-saleem-on-new-serial-jaisay-aapki-marzi/|title=Talk about marzi, consent: Dur-e-Fishan Saleem on her new serial|website=ARY News|date=24 August 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2023
| ''Mein Kahani Hun''
| Sophie
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''Sukoon''
| Natasha
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2024
| ''Raaz''
| Mysterious girl
| Green Entertainment
|-
|2024
| ''[[Dikhawa|Dikhawa Season 5]]''
| Areeba
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2024
| ''Dao''
| Nisha
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2024
| ''Meri Shahzadiyan''
| Tehseen
| [[BOL Network|BOL Entertainment]]
|-
|2024
| ''Barat Nahi Aaii''
| Hoor
| Set Entertainment
|-
|2024
| ''Tauba''
| Shazia
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2025
| ''Ishq Mubarak''
| Nasreen 
| Set Entetainment
|-
|2025
| ''Sehan''
| Seemi
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2025
| ''Ism-e-Yaraan''
| Tania
| [[Hum TV]]
|}
===Taxanaha shabakada===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|- style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Sanadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Doorka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Shabakada 
|-
|2023
| ''Mor Chaal''
| Ramsha
| Green Entertainment
|}
=== Filim ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Year
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Title
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Role
|-
|2018
| ''DNC''
| Mother
|-
|2023
| ''Dil Punjabi''
| Saira
|-
|2023
| ''Nageena''
| Nageena
|-
|TBA
| ''Love in London''
|TBA
|}
==Tixraac==
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oOdSL_6xXws &quot;The Night Show with Ayaz Samoo | Memoona Qudoos&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20231118171516/https://www.roznama92news.com/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AC%DB%8C-%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A8 &quot;ڈرامہ &quot;جی ٹی روڈ&quot; ٹی وی ناظRIN کی توجہ حاصل کرنی میں KAamiab»]

[https://arynews.tv/dur-e-fishan-saleem-reacts-jaisay-aapki-marzi-reviews/ &quot;Mar walba waan ooyaa...&quot;: Dur-e-Fishan Saleem wuxuu ka falceliyaa 'Jaisay Aapki Marzi' faallooyinka&quot;]

[https://urdu.arynews.tv/dur-e-fishan-saleems-goofy-pictures-go-viral/ &quot; درفشاں سليم نو کرای که ساحل سے تصویر شيئر کردیں&quot;]

[https://www.bolnews.com/latest/2023/08/hira-mani-junaid-khan-to-feature-in-a-drama-together/ &quot;Hira Mani &amp; Junaid Khan oo ay wada jilayaan riwaayad] {{Wayback|url=https://www.bolnews.com/latest/2023/08/hira-mani-junaid-khan-to-feature-in-a-drama-together/ |date=20250312134248 }}

[https://arynews.tv/dur-e-fishan-saleem-on-new-serial-jaisay-aapki-marzi/ &quot;Ka hadal marzi, ogolaanshaha: Dur-e-Fishan Saleem on her new serial&quot;]{{Reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[[imdbname:14923549|Memoona Qudoos]] ee [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]]</text>
      <sha1>my8n81oye5is8pjwa30oppiwd84mbkx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Faarax Nadeem</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43396</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311868</id>
      <parentid>296134</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T22:59:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311868</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11664" sha1="d1a64d9rxo7s751yph7efqaxh0pa6xd" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Farah Nadeem
| image              = 
| alt                = 
| caption            = 
| native_name        = 
| native_name_lang   = 
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1970|6|3|df=y}}
| birth_place        = [[Karachi]], [[Bakistaan]]
| education          = Jaamacadda Karachi
| occupation         = Jilaa
| years_active       = 1995–hada
| spouse             = 
| children           = 3
| relatives          = [[Fatima Effendi]] (niece) &lt;br&gt; Fouzia Mushtaq (sister) &lt;br&gt; [[Kanwar Arsalan]] (nephew)
}}
'''Farah Nadeem''' waa jilaa Pakistani ah. waxay caan ku tahay doorkeeda riwaayadaha Jaal , Adhoora Bandhan , Tarap , Besharam , Aakhir Kab Tak , Mere Humsafar iyo Kam Zarf .
==Nolosha hore==
Farah waxa uu ku dhashay 3 Juun 1970, Karachi , Pakistan. Waxay dhammaysatay qalin-jabinteeda jaamacadda Karachi.
==Xirfad==
1995-tii ayay soo bandhigtay filimkeedii ugu horeeyay oo jilaa ah.Waxay markii ugu horaysay kasoo muuqatay riwaayadaha PTV 
Farah waxa uu ka soo muuqday riwaayadaha Kashish , Tipu Sultan iyo Sham Se Pehle 1998 iyo Who Kaun Hai 2000 .
==Nolosha gaarka ah==
Faarax waa xaas, wuxuuna leeyahay saddex carruur ah. Farah walaashii Fouzia Mushtaq waa atariisho iyo soo saare wararka, atirishada Fatima Effendi waa abtigeed. 
==Filmography==
===Telefishanka===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Sanadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Doorka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Shabakada 
|-
|1995
| ''Aik Thi Mehru''
| Humaira's friend
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|1996
| ''Woh Kaun Hai''
| Aasia
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|1998
| ''Shaam Sey Phelay''
| Sumaira
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2006
| ''[[Dil, Diya, Dehleez (TV series)|Dil, Diya, Dehleez]]''
| Sanam
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2006
| ''[[Manzil (Pakistani TV series)|Manzil]]''
|  Mehnaz
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2007
| ''[[Kaisa Yeh Junoon (TV series)|Kaisa Yeh Junoon]]''
| Atiya
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2010
| ''Dohri''
| Khala
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2010
| ''Adhoore Dastaan''
| Sehar's aunt
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2011
| ''Aurat Ka Ghar Konsa''
| Amber
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2011
| ''Dil Manay Na''
| Sana's mother
| TV One
|-
|2011
| ''[[Ahmed Habib Ki Betiyan]]''
| Humera
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2011
| ''[[Meri Behan Maya]]''
| Salma
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2012
| ''[[Ek Tamanna Lahasil Si]]''
| Anum
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2012
| ''Sham Se Pehle''
| Adeel's mother
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2012
| ''Mi Raqsam''
| Farah Qureshi
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2012
| ''[[Baandi (2012 TV series)|Baandi]]''
| Ishrat
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2013
| ''[[Mein Hari Piya]]''
| Sajida
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2013
| ''[[Khoya Khoya Chand (TV series)|Khoya Khoya Chand]]''
| Azra
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2013
| ''[[Tanhai (TV series)|Tanhai]]''
| Jia's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2013
| ''[[Rukhsaar (TV series)|Rukhsaar]]''
| Sabia
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2013
| ''[[Pyarey Afzal]]''
| Yasmeen's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2013
| ''[[Ishq Hamari Galiyon Mein]]''
| Haroon's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2014
| ''[[Malika-e-Aliya]]''
| Surraya
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2014
| ''Tum Bin''
| Aliya Begum
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2014
| ''[[Choti (TV series)|Choti]]''
| Aapa
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2015
| ''Riffat Aapa Ki Bahuein''
| Naeema
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2015
| ''Kanch Ke Rishtay''
| Rushna
| [[PTV Home|PTV]]
|-
|2015
| ''Shukrana''
| Bilquis
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2015
| ''[[Mera Naam Yousuf Hai]]''
| Bushra
| [[A-Plus TV|A Plus]]
|-
|2015
| ''[[Zinda Dargor]]''
| Sonia's mother-in-law
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2015
| ''[[Guzaarish (TV series)|Guzaarish]]''
| Sara's mother-in-law
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2016
| ''Main Kamli''
| Khala
| [[Aaj Entertainment]]
|-
|2016
| ''[[Dharkan (TV series)|Dharkan]]''
| Samina
| [[Hum TV]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://dailypakistan.com.pk/05-Jun-2016/392788|title=محبت اورقربانی کی داستان ڈرامہ سیریل دھڑکن&quot;دھڑکن&quot;نجی چینل سے آن|website=Daily Pakistan|date=10 November 2017}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2016
| ''[[Lagaao]]''
| Najma
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2016
| ''[[Besharam (TV series)|Besharam]]''
| Shakira
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2016
| ''[[Kathputli (TV series)|Kathputli]]''
| Zeenat
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2016
| ''[[Khwab Saraye]]''
| Zarina
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2017
| ''Moray Saiyaan''
| Zarmina
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2017
| ''Kesi Ye Paheli''
| Zainab
| [[Urdu 1]]
|-
|2017
| ''[[Bilqees Urf Bitto]]''
| Sharmeen
| [[Urdu 1]]
|-
|2017
| ''[[Adhoora Bandhan]]''
| Tabbassum
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2018
| ''Muhabbat Dard Bunti Hai''
| Zara
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2018
| ''Aik Mohabbat Kaafi Hai''
| Saeeda
| [[BOL Network|BOL Entertainment]]
|-
|2018
| ''Hum Usi Kay Hain''
| Rakshi
| [[BOL Network|BOL Entertainment]]
|-
|2018
| ''Mein Muhabbat Aur Tum''
| Aliya
| [[Play TV (Pakistan)|Play TV]]
|-
|2018
| ''[[Balaa]]''
| Saleha's mother-in-law
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2018
| ''[[Qaid (TV series)|Qaid]]''
| Tasneem
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2019
| ''Phir Wajah Kya Hui''
| Rusba's mother-in-law
| [[A-Plus TV|A Plus]]
|-
|2019
| ''Wafa Lazim To Nahi''
| Anisa
| TV One
|-
|2019
| ''[[Kam Zarf]]''
| Surya
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[Jaal (TV series)|Jaal]]''
| Tehmina
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[Kahin Deep Jaley]]''
| Zeeshan's aunt
| [[Geo TV]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/250341-geo-tvs-kaheen-deep-jalay-racks-up-massive-acclaim-after-first-episode|title=Geo TV's 'Kahin Deep Jalay' racks up massive acclaim after first episode|website=Geo News|date=8 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2020
| ''[[Tarap (TV series)|Tarap]]''
| Salma
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2020
| ''Mann-e-Iltija''
| Hania's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2020
| ''[[Dil Tanha Tanha]]''
| Ammi
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2020
| ''Mera Wajood''
| Hamid's mother
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2021
| ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 3]]''
| Amma Ji
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2021
| ''Oye Motti''
| Shagufta
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2021
| ''Sirat-e-Mustaqeem''
| Farzana
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2021
| ''Sitam''
| Salman's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2021
| ''[[Aakhir Kab Tak]]''
| Nasir's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2021
| ''[[Ishq Hai]]''
| Farhat
| [[ARY Digital]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://thebrownidentity.com/ishq-hai-episodes-7-8-this-is-a-drama-completely-void-of-sensible-characters|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710155209/https://thebrownidentity.com/ishq-hai-episodes-7-8-this-is-a-drama-completely-void-of-sensible-characters/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=10 July 2021|title=Ishq Hai Episodes 7 &amp; 8: This is a Drama Completely Void Of Sensible Characters|website=The Brown Identity|date=23 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://thebrownidentity.com/ishq-hai-takes-off-with-a-likable-first-episode|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210730002448/https://thebrownidentity.com/ishq-hai-takes-off-with-a-likable-first-episode/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=30 July 2021|title=&quot;Ishq Hai&quot; Takes Off With A Likable First Episode|website=The Brown Identity|date=11 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2021
| ''[[Bebaak (2021)|Bebaak]]''
| Samina
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2021
| ''[[Mere Humsafar (TV series)|Mere Humsafar]]''
| Khurram's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2022
| ''[[Inteqam (TV series)|Inteqam]]''
| Sonia
| [[Geo TV]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.magpakistan.com/meet-inteqam-drama-cast-with-real-names-and-pictures|title=Meet Inteqam Drama Cast with Real Names and Pictures|website=Mag Pakistan|date=18 January 2022|access-date=1 March 2022|archive-date=19 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619212053/https://www.magpakistan.com/meet-inteqam-drama-cast-with-real-names-and-pictures/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2022
| ''Beqadar''
| Rukhsana
| [[Hum TV]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.magpakistan.com/beqadar-drama-cast-name-and-pictures|title=Beqadar Drama Cast Name and Pictures – Hum TV|website=Mag Pakistan|date=28 February 2022|access-date=19 Bisha Labaad 2025|archive-date=20 Bisha Shanaad 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520131032/https://www.magpakistan.com/beqadar-drama-cast-name-and-pictures/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2022
| ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 4]]''
| Atia
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2022
| ''Nisa''
| Misha's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2022
| ''Usne Chaha Tha Chand''
| Muniba
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2022
| ''Hasrat''
| Safiya
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2022
| ''[[Woh Pagal Si]]''
| Zohra
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2022
| ''[[Fraud (TV series)|Fraud]]''
| Talal's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2022
| ''Siyani''
| Raheela
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2022
| ''Oye Motti Season 2''
| Mehwish's mother
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2022
| ''Noor''
| Naila Arif
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2022
| ''Muqaddar Ka Sitara''
| Ramsha's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2023
| ''[[Sar-e-Rah]]''
| Mehnaz
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2023
| ''[[Dikhawa|Dikhawa Season 4]]''
| Abeer's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''Sirat-e-Mustaqeem Season 3''
| Mehroz's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2023
| ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 5]]''
| Safia
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''[[Ehraam-e-Junoon]]''
| Shakeela
| [[Geo TV]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1191759|title=Imran Abbas, Neelam Muneer and Nimra Khan to star in upcoming drama Ehraam-e-Janoon|website=Dawn Images|date=December 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2023
| ''Dagh-e-Dil''
| Almas's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|- 
|2023
| ''Daurr''
| Shezray's mother
| Green Entertainment
|-
|2023
| ''Ehsaan Faramosh''
| Faria
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2023
| ''Mein Kahani Hun''
| Farah
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''Yehi to Pyar Hai''
| Nauman's mother
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]
|-
|2023
| ''Dil Hi Tou Hai''
| Haroon's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2023
| ''Kahain Kis Se''
| Mumtaz
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2024
| ''Sirat-e-Mustaqeem Season 4''
| Batool
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2024
| ''Nasihat''
| Jameela
| Green Entertainment
|-
|2024
| ''Qissa-e-Dil''
| Sabeen
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2024
| ''Wifi Boyz''
| Neha's mother
| Set Entertainment
|-
|2024
| ''Kaisi Hai Ye Ruswai''
| Ayesha
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2024
| ''Bewafai''
| Sadia
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]
|-
|2024
| ''Nadaan''
| Zoya
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2025
| ''Ae Dil''
| Riffat
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2025
| ''Kathputli''
| Shireen
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2025
| ''Sher''
| Hajra
| [[ARY Digital]]
|}
===Telefishanka===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Sanadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Doorka 
|-
|2013
| ''Aaya Saawan''
| Mahrosh
|-
|2013
| ''Ooper Gori Ka Makaan''
| Farha
|-
|2022
| ''Tara Ka Sajjan''
| Tara's mother
|-
|2023
| ''Mareez-e-Muhabbat''
| Rukhsana
|}

=== Film ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Sanadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Doorka 
|-
|2024
| ''[[Jee Ve Sohneya Jee]]''
| Aasiya's mother
|}
==Abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Sanadka !! Abaalmarinta !! Qaybta !! Natiijada !! Ciwaanka !! Tixraac.
|-
| 2003 || ''[[PTV Awards|12th PTV Awards]]'' || ''Best Actress'' || {{Won}} || ''Herself'' || &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/121499|title=KARACHI: PTV awards for artists|website=Dawn News|date=4 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[[imdbname:6747100|Faarax Nadeem]] ee [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]]

[https://www.instagram.com/farha_nadeem1/ Farah Nadeem] ku jira [[Inistigaram|Instagram]]</text>
      <sha1>d1a64d9rxo7s751yph7efqaxh0pa6xd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Beena Chaudhary</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43397</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311829</id>
      <parentid>286056</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T22:10:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311829</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10849" sha1="he5b4lf23parqy0462j2am5edc57nfc" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Beena Chaudhary
| image              = 
| alt                = 
| caption            = 
| native_name        = 
| native_name_lang   = 
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1968|3|6|df=y}}
| birth_place        = [[Lahore]], [[Bakistaan]]
| education          = Jaamacadda Lahore
| occupation         = Jilaa
| years_active       = 2000 – hada
| spouse             = Maxamed Zahid Sohail (ninkeeda)
| children           = Hareem Sohail (daughter) &lt;br&gt; Hannan Sohail (son)
}}
'''Beena Chaudhary''' (waxay dhalatay 6 Maarso 1968) waa jilaa Pakistani ah. Waxay caan ku tahay doorkeeda riwaayadaha Romeo Weds Heer , Ishq Zahe Naseeb , Suno Chanda 2 , Ghisi Piti Mohabbat iyo Kahin Deep Jaley .
==Nolosha hore==
Beena waxa ay ku dhalatay 6 March 1968 in Lahore , Pakistan Waxay dhammaysatay waxbarashadeeda Jaamacadda Lahore . 
==Xirfad==
Beena waxay soo bandhigtay filimkeedii ugu horeeyay ee PTV sanadii 2000​​​​​​​ Waxay sidoo kale ka soo muuqatay riwaayadaha Mohabbat Tumse Nafrat Hai , Haya Ke Daaman Main , Dekho Chaand Aaya , Sammi iyo Tum Kon Piya Tan iyo markaas waxay ka soo muuqatay riwaayadaha Kaise Huaye Benaam , Mil Ke Bhi Hum Na Mile , Dharkan , Nazo , Raaz-e-Ulfat , Rasam iyo Khoob Seerat .
==Nolosha gaarka ah==
Beena waxaa guursaday Mohammad Zahid Sohail. Waxay leeyihiin laba caruur ah, wiil lagu magacaabo Hannan Sohail. Aktarada Hareem Sohail waa gabadhooda
==Filmography==
===Telefishanka===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Sanadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Doorka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Shabakadda
|-
|2011
| ''[[Kountry Luv]]''
| Kishwar
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]
|-
|2012
| ''Doosra Chehra''
| Niggo
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2012
| ''Dasht-e-Muhabbat''
| Sultana
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2012
| ''[[Thakan]]''
| Zarina
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2012
| ''[[Mil Ke Bhi Hum Na Mile]]''
| Hameedan
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2013
| ''[[Heer Ranjha (TV series)|Heer Ranjha]]''
| Bakhta
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2014
| ''[[Rasam (TV series)|Rasam]]''
| Zahida
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2014
| ''Jeena Dushwar Sahi''
| Maira's mother
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2014
| ''Noori''
| Rihana
| TV One
|-
|2014
| ''[[Malika-e-Aliya]]''
| Rani
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2015
| ''Anaya Tumhari Hui''
| Mirha's mother
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2015
| ''Gila Kis Se Karein''
| Zubaida
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2015
| ''Zara Si Bhool''
| Sonia's mother
| TV One
|-
|2015
| ''Tere Lie''
| Almas
| TV One
|-
|2015
| ''[[Nazo (TV series)|Nazo]]''
| Aliya
| [[Urdu 1]]
|-
|2015
| ''[[Rang Laaga]]''
| Shehar Bano's aunt
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2015
| ''Kaise Huaye Benaam''
| Shabana
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2015
| ''[[Bari Bahu]]''
|  Mona's mother-in-law
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2016
| ''[[Dharkan (TV series)|Dharkan]]''
| Hajra
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2016
| ''Hum Sab Ajeeb Se Hain''
| Behtareen's neighbor
| [[Aaj Entertainment]]
|-
|2016
| ''[[Tum Kon Piya]]''
| Neha's aunt
| [[Urdu 1]]
|-
|2016
| ''[[Haya Ke Daaman Main]]''
| Rija's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2016
| ''[[Dekho Chaand Aaya]]''
| Chaand's aunt
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2016
| ''Kambakht Tanno''
| Rehana
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]
|-
|2016
| ''[[Mera Yaar Miladay]]''
| Khala
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2016
| ''Manjdhar''
| Mansoor's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2017
| ''[[Mohabbat Tumse Nafrat Hai]]''
| Suraiya
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2017
| ''[[Sammi (TV series)|Sammi]]''
| Naheed's sister-in-law
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2017
| ''[[Tishnagi Dil Ki]]''
| Ausaf's wife
| [[Geo TV]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=OST Tishnagi Dil Ki by Faakhir Mehmood (Listen/Download Mp3)|url=http://pakium.pk/2017/04/03/ost-tishnagi-dil-ki-by-faakhir-mehmood|website=pakium.com|date=3 April 2017|accessdate=16 June 2021|archive-date=4 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170404002453/http://www.pakium.pk/2017/04/03/ost-tishnagi-dil-ki-by-faakhir-mehmood|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2017
| ''[[Laikin]]''
| Pervaiz's mother
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]
|-
|2017
| ''Meray Jeenay Ki Wajah''
| Narmah's mother
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2017
| ''[[Gumrah (TV series)|Gumrah]]''
| Farkhanda
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2017
| ''[[Aik Thi Rania]]''
| Tara
| [[Geo Entertainment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://nation.com.pk/04-Oct-2017/aik-thi-rania-to-go-on-air-in-oct|title=Aik Thi Rania to go on air in Oct|website=The Nation|date=14 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2018
| ''Tu Jo Nahi''
| Sameer's mother
| TV One
|-
|2018
| ''Kyunke Ishq Baraye Farokht Nahi''
| Mustafa's mother
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Kyunke Ishq Baraye Farokht Nahi Aplus Drama Cast, Timing, OST|url=https://awamiweb.com/kyunke-ishq-baraye-farokht-nahi-aplus-drama-cast-timing-ost-100265.html|newspaper=Awami Web|date=18 October 2018|accessdate=15 June 2021|archive-date=24 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924204037/https://awamiweb.com/kyunke-ishq-baraye-farokht-nahi-aplus-drama-cast-timing-ost-100265.html|url-status=dead|last1=Room|first1=News }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1450247|title=The Week That Was Kyunke Ishq Baraye Farokht Nahin|website=Dawn News|date=8 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2018
| ''Pari Hoon Main''
| Sajida
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2018
| ''[[Tohmat]]''
| Sumera 
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2018
| ''[[Romeo Weds Heer]]''
| JD's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2019
| ''Gustakh Dil''
| Sarah's mother
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2019
| ''Bhanwar''
| Razia's mother-in-law
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[Suno Chanda 2]]''
| Zarmeen Gul
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2019
| ''Mala Mir''
| Annie's mother
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[Kahin Deep Jaley]]''
| Touqeer's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/477929/makers-of-kaheen-deep-jaley-aims-to-make-waves-like-no-other|title=Makers of 'Kaheen Deep Jaley' aims to make waves like no other|website=Daily Times|date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019
| ''Dard Rukta Nahi''
| Tayyaba
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2019
| ''Zara Sambhal Kay''
| Mahnoor's mother
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[Ishq Zahe Naseeb]]''
| Kashif's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[Tu Mera Junoon]]''
| Roshan's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[Mein Na Janoo]]''
| Asma
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2020
| ''[[Dikhawa]]''
| Saira's neighbor
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2020
| ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 2]]''
| Kiran's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2020
| ''[[Mein Jeena Chahti Hoon]]''
| Shaista
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2020
| ''Aik Aur Munafiq''
| Amna
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2020
| ''Humraaz''
| Zori
| Apna Channel
|-
|2020
| ''[[Raaz-e-Ulfat]]''
| Bano's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2020
| ''[[Khoob Seerat]]''
| Najma
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2020
| ''[[Mehar Posh]]''
| Mehru's aunt
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2020
| ''Tera Ghum Aur Hum''
| Dani's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2020
| ''Masters''
| Rohan's mother
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2020
| ''[[Ghisi Piti Mohabbat]]''
| Bee
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2021
| ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 3]]''
| Shariq's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2021
| ''Meri Dilli Wali Girlfriend''
| Malik's wife
| SAB TV
|-
|2021
| ''Oye Motti''
| Bano
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2021
| ''[[Bechari Qudsia]]''
| Nargis
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2021
| ''Inteha-e-Ishq''
| Naseema
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://magtheweekly.com/detail/12918-inteha-e-ishq-to-bring-hiba-bukhari-and-junaid-khan-together-on-the-tv-screen-again|title='Inteha-e-Ishq' to bring Hiba Bukhari and Junaid Khan together on the TV screen again|website=Mag – The Weekly|date=12 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2021
| ''[[Fasiq (2021)|Fasiq]]''
| Saima
| [[Geo Entertainment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/845318/faasiq-another-compelling-drama-serial-for-the-audiences|title='Faasiq' — another compelling drama serial for the audiences|website=Daily Times|date=25 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2022
| ''Angna''
| Nida's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2022
| ''[[Dikhawa|Dikhawa Season 3]]''
| Hoor's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2022
| ''Mamlaat''
| Amina
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2022
| ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 4]]''
| Amber's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2022
| ''[[Saaya (season 2)|Saaya 2]]''
| Rabiya
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2022
| ''Bichoo''
| Shazia
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2022
| ''Siyani''
| Nusrat
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2022
| ''Bepanah''
| Fatima
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2023
| ''Bewafa''
| Shaista
| Aan TV
|-
|2023
| ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 5]]''
| Bia's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''Ahsaas''
| Rida's mother
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''Sirat-e-Mustaqeem Season 3''
| Tania's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2023
| ''Mehar Mah''
| Zubaida Begum
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''Dil Pe Zakham Khaye Hain''
| Rabia
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2023
| ''Mein Kahani Hun''
| Sarmad's mother
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''Pyari Nimmo''
| Shakeela
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''Dooriyan''
| Washida Begum
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2024
| ''Saraab''
| Najma
| Aur Life
|-
|2024
| ''Tum Bin Kesay Jiyen''
| Shaista
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2024
| ''Umm-e-Ayesha''
| Yasmin
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2024
| ''[[Dikhawa|Dikhawa Season 5]]''
| Komal's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2024
| ''Sirat-e-Mustaqeem Season 4''
| Hamza's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2024
| ''Habil Aur Qabil''
| Yasmin
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2024
| ''Haq Mehar''
| Mussarrat
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2024
| ''Girhein''
| Suraiya
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|rowspan=&quot;6&quot;|2025
| ''Kathputli''
| Zubaida
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
| ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafat Season 7]]''
| Atiq's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
| ''Umme Ayesha Season 2''
| Nosheen
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
| ''Na Tum Jano Na Hum''
| Bano
| Green Entertainment
|-
| ''Ilzam e Ishq''
| Hamza's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
| ''Mohra''
| Shaista
| [[Geo TV]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://harpalgeo.tv/program/Mohra|title=Mohra Cast|website=Har Pal Geo|date=July 22, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
===Telefishanka===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Sanadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Doorka 
|-
|2020
| ''Teray Pyar Mai''
| Sabra's sister
|-
|2021
| ''Naya Zamana Ishq Purana''
| Safia
|}
===Filim===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Sanadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Doorka 
|-
|2022
| ''Mithaie''
| Kami's mother
|}
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://www.instagram.com/beenachaudhary_official/ Beena Chaudhary] ayaa ku jirta [[Inistigaram|Instagram-ka]]

[https://x.com/chaudhrybeena Beena Chaudhary ayaa] ku soo qortay [[Tuwitter|Twitter]]

[[imdbname:7530818|Beena Chaudhary]] iyo [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]]</text>
      <sha1>he5b4lf23parqy0462j2am5edc57nfc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Aagha Ali</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43403</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311797</id>
      <parentid>308230</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T21:45:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311797</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16583" sha1="4owpsuda6j9w43q0as3y986u7pbjl6w" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Agha Ali
| image              = 
| caption            = 
| birth_name         = Agha Ali Abbas
| birth_date         = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1985|12|4}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.samaa.tv/entertainment/2020/12/aagha-ali-celebrates-35th-birthday-with-wife-family/|title=Aagha Ali celebrates 35th birthday with wife, family|date=4 December 2020|access-date=14 December 2021|work=[[Samaa TV]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| birth_place        = [[Lahore]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], Pakistan
| occupation         = {{hlist|Actor|singer|writer|composer|director}}
| years_active       = 2006–hada
| education          = [[Shahaadada Bachelor ee Fanka]] (BA)
| alma_mater         = [[Kulliyadda Christian Forman]]
| father             = [[Agha Sikandar]]
| relations          = {{ubl
 | [[Ali Abbas (jilaa)|Ali Abbas]] (ina adeer)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.somethinghaute.com/i-do-one-drama-to-run-my-house-and-one-for-the-craft-ali-abbas/|title=I do one drama to run my house and one for the craft: Ali Abbas|date=7 December 2020|access-date=16 December 2021|work=Something Haute|archive-date=16 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216162418/https://www.somethinghaute.com/i-do-one-drama-to-run-my-house-and-one-for-the-craft-ali-abbas/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 | [[Waseem Abbas]] (Adeer hooyo)
 | [[Inayat Hussain Bhatti]] (awoowe hooyo
 | [[Kaifee]] (maternal granduncle)
 | Ali Sikandar (walaal)
 | [[Ali Azmat]] (ina adeer hooyo)
 }}
}}
'''Aagha Ali Abbas''' (Urdu: آغا علی عباس ; dhashay 4 Diseembar 1985) waa jilaa telefishan Pakistan ah, heesaa, soojeediye, qoraa, qoraa heeso, iyo agaasime.
==Nolosha hore iyo asalka==
Aagha Ali waxa uu ku dhashay 4 December 1985 in Lahore , Punjab .

Waa wiilka ugu yar ee uu dhalay jilaaga caanka ah ee 1980-meeyadii, Agha Sikandar (d. 1993), laf ahaantiisa waa wiilka uu soddogga u yahay fannaanka caanka ah, jilaa, iyo soo saare Inayat Hussain Bhatti , kaas oo sidaas darteed ah Awowgiis Agha Ali hooyadeed, taasoo ka dhigtay inuu adeer u yahay jilaaga telefishinka Waseem Cabbaas iyo sidoo kale abti ay wada dhasheen Cali Cabbaas Walaalkiis Ali Sikandar sidoo kale waa jilaa iyo qoraa halka fannaanka noqday jilaa, Ali Azmat waa adeerkii hooyadiis
Aagha waxa uu shahaadada koowaad ee cilmiga fanka kaga qalin jabiyay Forman Christian College .
==Xirfad==
Aagha waxa uu safarkiisa ku bilaabay fanka madadaalada isaga oo wali ku jira jaamacada isaga oo 19 jir ah waxa uu noqday mid firfircoon oo dhanka masraxa ah waxana uu ku jilay jilaa/ heesaa 15 ilaa 20 tiyaatar.

Si rasmi ah mihnadiisa TV-ga waxa uu ku soo bilowday 2006-dii isagoo ah anchor-host kanaalka ATV , iyo barnaamijka guusha leh ee Total Round Up . Waxa uu ku guulaystay Abaalmarinta Anchor-ka ugu Fiican isla barnaamijkaas Abaalmarinnada ATV ee 2006dii.
Waxa uu shaqadiisa jilida ka bilaabay Yaad Piya Ki Aaye (2005) Sameer ahaan, ka dibna Satrangi (2008)
Waxa uu qaatay hakad ku dhawaad ​​saddex sano ah waxbarashadiisa, waxaana mudadaas sameeyay muqaal muusig, &quot;Mera Pehla Rock Song&quot;, kaas oo laga bilaabay goobta talefishanka qaranka ee PTV Home ee showga Subaxdii Juggan ee 9kii Janaayo 2013.

Doorkiisa hogaamineed ee taxanaha jaceylka ah ee Mein Hari Piya (2012), ee Hum TV , waxaa si wanaagsan u soo dhaweeyay dhaleeceynta iyo dadweynaha, waxaana uu ku muteystay magacaabista abaalmarinta Hum Award ee Jilaaga Saabuunta ugu Fiican Rukhsaar , taxane telefishan oo ka baxa Geo TV , wuxuu helay guulo dheeraad ah Tan waxaa ku xigay daboollada muusiga &quot;Khwab Adhoore Sahi&quot; iyo &quot;Aaj Bhi&quot;. 2014, waxa uu jilay Mere Meherbaan , Mehram iyo Digest Writer
Shaqadiisu waxay sii martay doorka rockstar ee taxanaha riwaayadaha diinta ee 2015, Khuda Dekh Raha Hai , oo ka soo horjeeda Sajal Aly , kaas oo uu sidoo kale ku heesay heesta cinwaanka Agha wuxuu markaas ciyaaray doorar hogaamineed dhowr taxane ah oo guuleystay, oo ay ku jiraan Andaaz-e-Sitam (2017), Tumhare Hain (2017), Band Khirkiyan (2019), iyo Dil-e-Gumshuda (2019), oo ku daray caannimadiisa
Dhawaan waxa uu hormuud ka ahaa riwaayadii aadka loo jeclaa ee Mujhe Khuda Pay Yakeen Hai ee ka bixi jirtay Geo Entertainment . 
==Nolosha gaarka ah==
Sheekada halganka Aagha iyo ku adkaysiga uu u leeyahay mihnadda warbaahinta ayaa noqotay mid cinwaan looga dhigay, maadaama ay safar adag u ahayd inuu naftiisa dhiso. Waxa uu sidoo kale ku jiray wararka dhowr sano xiriirka uu la lahaa aktarka Sarah Khan , waxayna ahaayeen lamaane caan ah waqtigaas, laakiin wax walba ayaa isbedelay markii ay kala tageen
2019, wuxuu la kulmay Hina Altaf intii lagu guda jiray duubista filimka taxanaha ah ee Dil-e-Gumshuda Lamaanuhu waxay guursadeen xaflad gaar ah oo Nikah ah 22 May 2020, Karachi .
laga bilaabo 2023, Aagha iyo Hina waxaa lagu xaman jiray inay kala tageen. Waxa uu ku sheegay mid ka mid ah waraysiyadii uu la yeeshay Ayaz Samoo oo ku saabsan in keligood la noolaado. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa goor dambe si rasmi ah ugu dhawaaqay Aagha laftiisa in aysan hadda wada joogin. 
==Filmography==
===Telefishanka===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Sanadka !! Taxane !! Doorka !! Kanaalka !! Xusuusin 
|-
| 2006 || ''Yaad Piya Ki Aaye'' || Sameer || [[PTV Home]] ||
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 2008 || ''[[Satrangi]]'' || Khayyam || [[Geo TV]] ||
|-
 || ''Teri Ik Nazar'' || Rameez || Geo TV || 
|-
| 2009 || ''[[Jinnah Ke Naam]]'' || Sameer || [[PTV Home]] || 
|-
| 2010 || ''Mujhe Hai Hukum-e-Azan'' || Jimmy || [[Hum TV]] || 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot;| 2013 || ''[[Mein Hari Piya]]'' || Zawar || Hum TV || Nominated—[[Hum Award for Best Soap Actor]]
|-
 || ''Halki Si Khalish'' || Aamir || Hum TV || 
|-
 || ''Agar Tum Na Hote'' || Hammad || [[A-Plus TV]] || 
|-
 || ''[[Kami Reh Gaee]]'' || Rizwan || PTV Home ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=PTV Home to launch new star-studded drama serial &quot;Kami Reh Gaee&quot;|url=http://pakobserver.net/201302/17/detailnews.asp?id=196393|work=[[Pak Observer]] (newspaper)|date=17 February 2013|access-date=16 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721111523/http://pakobserver.net/201302/17/detailnews.asp?id=196393|archive-date=21 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
 || ''[[Ghundi]]'' || Rehan || [[Hum Sitaray]] ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1185073|title=The funniest Pakistani shows you should watch to beat lockdown blues|date=12 May 2020|access-date=16 December 2021|work=Images by [[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot;| 2014 || ''Shehr-e-Yaran'' || Ahsan || [[ARY Digital]] ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.arydigital.tv/videos/shehr-e-yaran-episode-35/|title=Shehr-e-Yaran|access-date=16 December 2021|website=[[ARY Digital]]}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Tobnaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
 || ''Arranged Marriage'' || Ahmad || ARY Digital ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://arydigital.tv/arranged-marriage/|title=Arranged Marriage|access-date=16 December 2021|website=[[ARY Digital]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
 || ''Shab-e-Zindagi'' || Yasir || Hum TV || 
|-
 || ''[[Rukhsaar (TV series)|Rukhsaar]]'' || Amaar || Geo TV ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://harpalgeo.tv/program/rukhsaar#_|title=Rukhsaar|access-date=16 December 2021|website=[[Geo Entertainment]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
 || ''Bay Emaan Mohabbat'' || Baber || ARY Digital ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://arydigital.tv/bay-imaan-mohabbat-2/|title=Baimaan Mohabbat|access-date=16 December 2021|website=[[ARY Digital]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
 || ''[[Mere Meherbaan]]'' || Zeeshan || Hum TV ||
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;| 2014–2015 || ''[[Mehram]]'' || Areeb || Hum TV || Also playback singer for the song &quot;Dararien&quot;
|-
 || ''[[Digest Writer]]'' || Shehreyar || Hum TV ||
|-
 || ''[[Noori]]'' || Tariq || TVOne || 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot;| 2015 || ''[[Mere Khuda]]'' || Yasir || Hum TV || 
|-
|| ''[[Khuda Dekh Raha Hai]]'' || Junaid || A-Plus TV || Also playback singer, writer and composer for the song &quot;Akhiyan Num Num&quot; The OST of the project
|- 
 || ''Maamta'' || Maaz || ARY Digital ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://arydigital.tv/maamta/|title=Maamta|access-date=16 December 2021|website=[[ARY Digital]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
 || ''[[Kis Se Kahoon]]'' || Fahad || PTV Home ||&lt;ref&gt;{{ Cite news |title='کس سے کہوں': پی ٹی وی کا ایک بہترین ڈرامہ|url=https://www.dawnnews.tv/news/1016961|date=15 February 2015|access-date=16 December 2021|work=[[Dawn News]]|language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
 || ''Tum Yaad Aye'' || Shehreyar || Ary Digital ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://arydigital.tv/tum-yaad-aaye-exclusive-ary-digital-drama/|title=Tum Yaad Aaye|access-date=16 December 2021|website=[[ARY Digital]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|- 
 || ''[[Tere Mere Beech]]'' || Fahad || Hum TV ||&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.hipinpakistan.com/news/1148753|title=Hum TV's 'Tere Mere Beech' is getting viewers'|date=2016-01-07|work=HIP|access-date=2021-12-16|language=en-US|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2021-12-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216161908/https://www.hipinpakistan.com/news/1148753|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2016 || ''[[Ghalti]]'' || Saim || A-Plus TV ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://dailytimes.com.pk/life-and-style/09-Oct-16/kaleem-rajputs-gripping-tale-of-facing-pressure-from-parents |title=Kaleem Rajput's gripping tale of facing pressure from parents |work=[[Daily Times (Pakistan)|Daily Times]] (newspaper)|date=2016-03-21 |access-date=2021-12-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot;| 2017 || ''[[Andaaz-e-Sitam|Andaaz e Sitam]]'' || Wamiq || [[Urdu 1]] || 
|-
 || ''Tumhare Hain'' || Rayan || [[ARY Digital]] ||
|-
 || ''[[Be Inteha (Serial)|Be Inteha]]'' || Zaid || [[Urdu 1]] ||
|-
 || ''[[Bedardi Saiyaan]]'' || Shaani || [[Geo TV]] ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://harpalgeo.tv/program/bedardi-saiyaan|title=Bedardi Saiyaan|access-date=16 December 2021|website=[[Geo Entertainment]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;| 2018 || ''[[Mere Bewafa]]'' || Shahmeer || [[A-Plus TV]] || Also playback singer, writer and composer for the song &quot;Duhaiyaan&quot; The OST of the project&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://nation.com.pk/07-Jun-2018/love-reflections-on-life-in-mere-bewafa|title=Love, reflections on life in Mere Bewafa|work=[[The Nation (Pakistan)|The Nation]]|date=7 June 2018|access-date=16 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
 || ''Khatti Methi Love Story'' || Bilal || [[Express Entertainment]] || 
|-
 || ''[[Band Khirkiyan]]'' || Zain || [[Hum TV]]||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/366811-a|title=Agha Ali says most women in the industry 'are fake', wife Hina is exception|date=24 August 2021|access-date=16 December 2021|work=[[Geo News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2019 || ''[[Dil-e-Gumshuda]]'' || Daniyal || [[Geo TV]]||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/magazine/589695-top-drama-serials-on-geo-entertainment-this-year|title=Top drama serials on Geo Entertainment this year|date=28 December 2019|access-date=16 December 2021|work=[[The News International]] (newspaper)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot;| 2020 || ''Teray Pyar Mai'' || Zaman || [[Geo TV]] || Telefilm&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.somethinghaute.com/9-star-studded-telefilms-you-can-watch-this-eid-ul-azha/|title=9 star-studded telefilms you can watch this Eid ul Azha|date=1 August 2020|access-date=16 December 2021|work=Something Haute|archive-date=16 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216161909/https://www.somethinghaute.com/9-star-studded-telefilms-you-can-watch-this-eid-ul-azha/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
 || ''[[Khoob Seerat]]'' || Samar || [[Geo Entertainment|Geo TV]]||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://nation.com.pk/30-Apr-2020/nimra-khan-woes-audiences-in-khoob-seerat|work=[[The Nation (Pakistan)|The Nation]]|date=30 April 2020|access-date=16 December 2021|title=Nimra Khan woes audiences in Khoob Seerat}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
 || ''[[Dikhawa]]'' || Danish || [[Geo TV]]|| Episode: &quot;Keraye Ki Izzat&quot;
|-
 || ''[[Haqeeqat (2019 TV series)|Haqeeqat]]'' || Armaan || [[A-Plus TV]] || Episode:&quot;Anna&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/567119/mansha-pasha-and-agha-ali-pairing-up-for-telefilm/|title=Mansha Pasha and Agha Ali pairing up for telefilm|date=2020-02-28|website=Daily Times|access-date=2022-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''[[Aik Aur Munafiq]]''
|Rashid 
|[[Geo TV]]
|Episode Jholi&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://harpalgeo.tv/detail/11489|title=Aik Aur Munafiq{{!}}Jholi|access-date=16 December 2021|website=[[Geo Entertainment]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 2021 || '' [[Mujhe Khuda Pay Yaqeen Hai]] '' || Hammad || [[Geo Entertainment|Geo TV]]||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url= https://images.dawn.com/news/1187049|title=Aagha Ali's Mujhe Khuda Pe Yaqeen Hai is leading the rating chart with high TRPs|access-date=21 April 2021|work=Images by [[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
 || ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 3]]'' || Salman|| [[Geo Entertainment|Geo TV]]|| Episode: &quot;Usool Aur Sachai&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://phpstack-1262058-4541515.cloudwaysapps.com/program/Makafat-Season-3/12909|title=Makafaat Season 3{{!}}Usool Aur Sachai|access-date=16 December 2021|website=[[Geo Entertainment]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| 2022
|''Zakham''
|Sikander 
|[[Geo Entertainment|Geo TV]]
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sumiya |date=2022-07-06 |title=Zakham Drama Cast Name, Cast Pictures, Story, &amp; Timing |url=https://www.magpakistan.com/zakham-drama-cast-name-pictures-story-timing/ |access-date=2022-07-05 |website=Mag Pakistan |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815042341/https://www.magpakistan.com/zakham-drama-cast-name-pictures-story-timing/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2023
|''[[Dhoka (TV series)|Dhoka]]''
|Ahmed
|[[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2024
|''Ishqaway''
|Shahrukh Amin
|[[Geo TV]]
|
|-
|2024
|''Habil aur Qabil''
|Haris Qazalbaash
|[[Geo TV]]
|
|-
|2025
|''Mohra''
|Sikander Hamdani
|[[Geo TV]]
|
|}

===Taxanaha shabakada===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Sanadka !! Ciwaanka !! Doorka !! Shabakada !! Xusuusin 
|-
|2021
|''Raat''
|Ali
|UrduFlix 
|Also The Writer and Director of the project.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url= https://images.dawn.com/news/1188155|title=Aagha Ali shares promotional poster for his directorial debut Raat|date=6 August 2021|access-date=4 December 2021|work=Images by [[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

=== Filim ===
Agha started shooting for his Debut Action Film under the direction of (Late) Iqbal Kashmiri. Kashmiri died and the film was left incomplete.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Wajiha Jawaid|date=4 November 2015|url=https://www.hipinpakistan.com/news/1148255|title=Agha Ali to play action hero in debut film|work=hipinpakistan|access-date=7 July 2018|archive-date=25 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625185808/https://www.hipinpakistan.com/news/1148255|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Sanadka !! Taxane !! Doorka !! Kanaalka !! Xusuusin 
|-
|Rowspan= 2 | 2021
|''Zoya Nay Haan Kardi'' 
|Ashir
|[[Geo Entertainment|Geo TV]]
|Teleflim&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url= https://images.dawn.com/news/1187154|title=Aagha Ali and Hiba Bukhari battle it out for a house in a new Eid romcom|date=6 May 2021|access-date=4 December 2021|work=Images by [[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://harpalgeo.tv/program/Zoya-Nay-Haan-Kardi|title=Zoya Nay Haan Kardi|access-date=16 December 2021|website=[[Geo Entertainment]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Shadi hai Impossible''
|
|[[ARY Digital]] 
|Teleflim&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bolnews.com/entertainment/2021/07/telefilms-to-look-out-on-this-eid-ul-adha/|title=Telefilms to look out for on this Eid-ul-Adha|date=20 July 2021|access-date=16 December 2021|work=[[Bol News]]|archive-date=16 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216161907/https://www.bolnews.com/entertainment/2021/07/telefilms-to-look-out-on-this-eid-ul-adha/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=2|2022
|''Love Life Ka Law''
|Agha
|[[Geo TV]]
|Telefilm&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-04-30 |title=Love Life Ka Law Telefilm Cast Name, Pictures, Story, &amp; Timing |url=https://www.magpakistan.com/love-life-ka-law-telefilm-cast-name-pictures-story-timing/ |access-date=2022-05-17 |website=Mag Pakistan |language=en-US |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2022-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220519022549/https://www.magpakistan.com/love-life-ka-law-telefilm-cast-name-pictures-story-timing/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Bhagam Bhag''
|Shahmir
|[[ARY Digital]]
|Telefilm
|-
| rowspan=2| 2024
|''Kabhi Aar Kabhi paar''
| 
|[[ARY Digital]]
|Telefilm
|-
|''Band Baja aur Bajiya''
|
|[[Express Entertainment]]
| Telefilm
|}
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[[imdbname:3222293|Aagha Ali]] iyo [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]]

[https://www.facebook.com/AghaAliOfficialPage Aagha Ali] [[Faysbuug|Facebook- ga]]</text>
      <sha1>4owpsuda6j9w43q0as3y986u7pbjl6w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sabiha Hashmi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43410</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311996</id>
      <parentid>287393</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T02:39:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311996</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10105" sha1="i9wbi0d4ir3c24a003auvzl6s73e23b" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Sabiha Hashmi
| image              =
| alt                =
| caption            =
| native_name        =
| native_name_lang   =
| birth_name         = Sabiha Hashmi
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1960|06|09|df=y}}
| birth_place        = [[Karachi]], [[Bakistaan]]
| education          = Jaamacadda Karachi
| occupation         = Jilaa
| years_active       = 1990 – hada
| children           = 3
}}
'''Sabiha Hashmi''' (waxay dhalatay 9 Juun 1960) waa jilaa Pakistani ah. Waxay caan ku tahay doorkeeda riwaayadaha Fasiq , Dil-e-Momin , Jalan , Rang Mahal , Saaya Season 2 iyo Sirf Tum
==Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada==
Sabiha waxay ku dhalatay Karachi ee dalka Pakistan , waxayna waxbarashadeeda ka qaadatay jaamacadda Karachi. Ka dib waxa ay sidoo kale ka shaqaynaysay macalinimo dugsi gaar loo leeyahay. 
==Xirfad==
Sabiha waxay ka shaqeysay PTV 1990-meeyadii Waxay sidoo kale ka soo muuqatay riwaayadaha Uraan , Bhabhi , Aik Thi Misaal , Guriya Rani , Khilona , Farwa Ki ABC , Gila Kis Se Karein , Dil-e-Beqarar , Andaaz-e-Sitam iyo Fitrat Waxay sidoo kale caan ku tahay doorkeeda riwaayadaha Mere Bewafa , Deewar-e-Shab , Nand , Daraar iyo Rang Mahal Tan iyo markaas waxay ka soo muuqatay riwaayadaha Saaya Season 2 , Aik Sitam Aur , Wabaal , Adan , Farq , Dil-e-Momin , Khushbo Mein Basay Qaad iyo Sirf Tum . 
==Nolosha gaarka ah==
Sabiha waa xaas, waxayna leedahay saddex carruur ah.
==Liiska Filimada==
===Telefishanka===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Sanadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Doorka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Shabakada 
|-
|1991
| ''[[Aahat (Pakistani TV series)|Aahat]]''
| Principle
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|1993
| ''Aanch''
| Shakira
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2010
| ''Uraan''
| Anisa
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2014
| ''Bhabhi''
| Faris's mother 
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2015
| ''[[Aik Thi Misaal]]''
| Zahida
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2015
| ''Guriya Rani''
| Nighat
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2015
| ''Khilona''
| Sufiyan's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2015
| ''[[Farwa Ki ABC]]''
| Junaid's mother
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]
|-
|2015
| ''Gila Kis Se Karein''
| Sultan's mother
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2016
| ''[[Dil-e-Beqarar]]''
| Nazara
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2016
| ''Bandhan''
| Nazia
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2016
| ''[[Izn-e-Rukhsat]]''
| Suraiya
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2016
| ''Mohay Piya Rang Laaga''
| Salma
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2017
| ''[[Andaaz-e-Sitam]]''
| Salman's mother
| [[Urdu 1]]
|-
|2017
| ''[[Tishnagi Dil Ki]]''
| Hajira
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2017
| ''[[Jithani]]''
| Faizan's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2017
| ''Faisla''
| Asad's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2017
| ''[[Mubarak Ho Beti Hui Hai]]''
| Faria's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2017
| ''[[Aadat]]''
| Ayesha
| TV One
|-
|2017
| ''Naseboon jali Nargis''
| Nargis's mother
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2018
| ''Aye Dil Tu Bata''
| Nazeer's mother
| [[Geo TV]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://roznama92news.com/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%81-%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%B3%DB%92-%D8%AA%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%81-%D9%85%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%92-%DA%A9%D9%88-%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1|title=ڈرامہ &quot;اے دل تو بتا&quot; 19نومبر سے تہلکہ مچانے کو تیار|website=Daily 92 News|date=15 January 2019|access-date=29 Bisha Saddexaad 2024|archive-date=8 Bisha Sagaalaad 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230908170205/https://roznama92news.com/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%81-%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%B3%DB%92-%D8%AA%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%81-%D9%85%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%92-%DA%A9%D9%88-%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2018
| ''[[Seerat]]''
| Amar's grandmother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://roznama92news.com/%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D9%86-%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%8C-%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D9%86-%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%81-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84-%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA-%D8%A7-%D8%B2%D8%B1-%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7|title=اداکارہ کنزیٰ ہاشمی کی نئی ڈرامہ سیریل &quot;ماریہ بنت عبداﷲ&quot;کاپہلا ٹیزر آن ایئر ہوگیا|website=Daily 92 News|date=17 May 2019|access-date=21 Bisha Tobnaad 2025|archive-date=24 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224003615/https://roznama92news.com/%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D9%86-%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%8C-%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D9%86-%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%81-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84-%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA-%D8%A7-%D8%B2%D8%B1-%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2018
| ''Ishq Ya Rabba''
| Uroosa
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]
|-
|2018
| ''[[Thays]]''
| Raesa
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]
|-
|2018
| ''[[Mere Bewafa]]''
| Nighat
| [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]
|-
|2019
| ''Chand Ki Pariyan''
| Rafay's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[Deewar-e-Shab]]''
| Izhaar's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[Kam Zarf]]''
| Shazia
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[Qismat Ka Likha]]''
| Mehreen's mother
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[Gul-o-Gulzar]]''
| Jamal's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2019
| ''Soya Mera Naseeb''
| Basharat's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2019
| ''[[Ghalati]]''
| Fahad's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2019
| ''Dard Rukta Nahi''
| Anna
| [[Express Entertainment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/419027/feroza-makes-her-debut-as-lead-character-with-drama-serial-dard-rukta-nahi/|title=Feroza makes her debut as lead character with drama serial 'Dard Rukta Nahi'|website=Daily Times|date=25 January 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2020
| ''[[Nand (TV series)|Nand]]''
| Jahangir's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2020
| ''[[Munafiq (TV series)|Munafiq]]''
| Armaan's grandmother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2020
| ''Tamanna''
| Maghbool Bibi
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2020
| ''[[Fitrat (TV series)|Fitrat]]''
| Ayaz's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/684073/fitrat-another-enticing-drama-for-the-audiences/|title='Fitrat' — another enticing drama for the audiences|website=Daily Times|date=19 March 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2020
| ''[[Jalan (TV series)|Jalan]]''
| Tahoora
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2021
| ''[[Fasiq (TV series)|Fasiq]]''
| Amna
| [[Geo Entertainment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/845318/faasiq-another-compelling-drama-serial-for-the-audiences/|title='Fasiq' — another compelling drama serial for the audiences|website=Daily Times|date=12 February 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2021
| ''[[Rang Mahal (TV series)|Rang Mahal]]''
| Zulekha
| [[Geo Entertainment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/1032678/rang-mahal-receives-best-tv-long-serial-award-at-lux-style-awards-2022/|title='Rang Mahal' receives 'Best TV Long Serial' award at Lux Style Awards 2022|website=Daily Times|date=28 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2021
| ''[[Dil-e-Momin]]''
| Naveeda
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2022
| ''Mamlaat''
| Farooq's mother
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2022
| ''Daraar''
| Jahanara
| [[Geo Entertainment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/urdu/articles/cml42jmwk20o|title=منفی کرداروں کے لیے مشہور سید جبران: 'بیوی ہو تو گرل فرینڈ نہیں ہونی چاہیے'|website=BBC News|date=16 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2022
| ''[[Aik Sitam Aur]]''
| Ushna's grandmother
| [[ARY Digital]]
|-
|2022
| ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 4]]''
| Momina's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2022
| ''Dil-e-Veeran''
| Sajjad's mother
| [[ARY Digital]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/962575/nawal-and-shahroz-sabzwaris-pictures-from-dil-e-veeran-sets-go-viral/|title=Nawal and Shahroz Sabzwari's pictures from 'Dil-e-Veeran' sets go viral|website=Daily Times|date=7 December 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2022
| ''[[Dikhawa|Dikhawa Season 3]]''
| Sobia
| [[Geo TV]]
|-
|2022
| ''[[Saaya (season 2)|Saaya Season 2]]''
| Riffat
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2022
| ''[[Wabaal]]''
| Shakir's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2022
| ''Farq''
| Husna
| [[Geo Entertainment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/1004930-two-big-serials-farq-and-zindagi-aik-paheli-start-monday-on-geo-tv|title=Two big serials 'Farq' and 'Zindagi Aik Paheli' start Monday on Geo TV|website=The News International|date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2023
| ''[[Adan (TV series)|Adan]]''
| Zaid's grandmother
| Aan TV
|-
|2023
| ''[[Dikhawa|Dikhawa Season 4]]''
| Bisma's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2023
| ''[[Sirf Tum (2023 TV Series)|Sirf Tum]]''
| Zubaida
| [[Geo TV]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://galaxylollywood.com/2023/08/29/unveiling-romance-and-drama-sirf-tum-concludes-on-a-high-note/|title=Unveiling Romance and Drama: Sirf Tum Concludes on a High Note|website=Galaxy Lollywood|date=12 September 2023|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=21 Bisha Tobnaad 2025|archive-date=1 Bisha Saddexaad 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240301175716/https://galaxylollywood.com/2023/08/29/unveiling-romance-and-drama-sirf-tum-concludes-on-a-high-note/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/1104190-last-episode-of-sirf-tum-to-be-aired-on-monday|title=Last episode of 'Sirf Tum' to be aired on Monday|website=The News International|date=28 August 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2023
| ''Khushbo Mein Basay Khat''
| Adeela's mother
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2023
| ''Dooriyan''
| Amina
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2024
| ''Dayan''
| Ibrahim's mother
| [[Express Entertainment]]
|-
|2024
| ''Dao''
| Azfar's mother
| [[Geo Entertainment]] 
|-
|2024
| ''[[Dikhawa|Dikhawa Season 5]]''
| Nuzhat
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2024
| ''Amma Ka Kunba''
| Amma Sweet
| [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]]
|-
|2024
| ''Aafat''
| Nasreen
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|-
|2025
| ''Pheli Mohabbat''
| Sakina Begum
| [[Hum TV]]
|-
|2025
| ''Aik Lafz Zindagi''
| Nusrat
| [[Geo Entertainment]]
|}

=== Filim ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Sanadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Ciwaanka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot;|Doorka 
|-
|2019
| ''Talash''
| Samina's mother
|-
|2019
| ''[[Heer Maan Ja]]''
| Heer's mother
|}
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibadda==</text>
      <sha1>i9wbi0d4ir3c24a003auvzl6s73e23b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Shahzad Nuur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43417</id>
    <revision>
      <id>312006</id>
      <parentid>296190</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T02:57:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>312006</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6367" sha1="3vfjafv8xwi4yf4q3crdw1p522jxiy2" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name          = Shahzad Noor
| image         = 
| image_size = 
| caption       = 
| birth_date    = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1989|06|21}}
| birth_place   = [[Karachi]], [[Bakistaan]]
| occupation    = {{flatlist|
*[[Fashion]] model
*Jilaa
}}
| years_active  = 2012–hada
| height        =  
| website       = 
| birthname     =
| othername     = 
}}
'''Shahzad Noor''' ( Urduu : شہزاد نور ; dhashay 21 Juun 1989) waa moodeel moodada Pakistan iyo jilaa.
==Nolosha hore==
Noor wuxuu ku dhashay qoys Pashtun ah oo ku nool Karachi , Pakistan, wuxuuna sharaxay in, xirfadiisa jilitaanka, uu ku qasbanaaday inuu saxo lahjadiisa Urduuga . 
==Xirfad==
===Qaabka moodada===
Waxa uu lahaa madbacad u gaar ah ka hor inta uusan arkin stylist Khawar Riaz, kaas oo u riixay qaabaynta xirfadlaha ah
Waxa uu bilaabay xirfadiisa moodelka moodada sanadii 2012, sanadaha badana waxa uu noqon doonaa ninka ugu mushaharka badan model-ka Pakistan, sidoo kale waxa uu ku socdaa dhabbaha ay diyaaraduhu ka duulaan ee naqshadeeyaha Fashion-ka hindi ee Manish Malhotra 
Waxa uu ku guuleystey laba abaal-marinood oo ugu Fiican Model Labka Abaalmarinnada 12-aad ee Lux Style Awards iyo 14-aad ee Lux Style Awards , siday u kala horreeyaan. Waxa kale oo uu helay saddex magacaabis oo isku xigta Hum Awards oo ah Model Best Male , isagoo ku guuleystay laba, 2015 iyo 2016, halka uu sidoo kale ku guuleystay abaalmarin la mid ah abaalmarinta Hum Style Awards, sidoo kale 2016. 2017 waxaa loo magacaabay inta lagu guda jiro 16th Lux Style Awards .
==Jilaa==
Sannadkii 2015, Noor waxa uu shaashadiisii ​​ugu horreysay ku calaamadeeyay Geo TV 's Tera Mera Rishta .
==Taxanaha Telefishinka==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|- 
! Sanadka !! Ciwaanka !! Doorka !! Kanaalka 
!Xusuusin 
|-
| 2015-2016 || ''Tera Mera Rishta'' || Maiz || [[Geo Entertainment]] 
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Leading role
|-
| 2016 || ''[[Yeh Chahatein Yeh Shiddatein]]'' || Nawaz || [[Geo TV]] 
|- 
| 2016-2017 || ''[[Yeh Ishq]]'' || Maaz || rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[ARY Digital]] 
|-
| 2017 || ''[[Zaakham]]'' || Moosa 
|Supporting role
|-
| 2018 || ''Khuwabzaadi'' || Fareed || TvOne 
|Leading role
|-
|2022
|''[[Kala Doriya|Kaala Doriya]]''
|Faraz
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Hum TV]]
|Supporting role
|-
|2023
|''Dil Pe Zakham Khaye Hain''
|Kamal
|Leading role
|}

==Abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 95%;&quot;
|- style=&quot;background:#ccc; text-align:center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;3%&quot; | Sanadka 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;20%&quot; | Abaalmarinta
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;25%&quot; | Qaybta 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;3%&quot; | Natiijada 
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;5%&quot; | {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
| 2013
| [[12th Lux Style Awards]]
| rowspan=&quot;11&quot; |Best Model - Male
| {{won}}
| {{center|&lt;ref name=&quot;LSA13&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=12th LUX Style Awards: Pakistan entertainment industry's big night|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/572494/12th-lux-style-awards-live-updates/|publisher=[[The Express Tribune]]|date=4 July 2013|accessdate=11 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|-
| 2014
| [[2nd Hum Awards]]
| {{nom}}
| {{center|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Winner List of 2nd Hum Awards|url=http://showbizspice.com/winner-list-of-2nd-hum-tv-awards-2014/|publisher=Showbiz Spice|date=30 March 2014|accessdate=6 April 2014|url-status=usurped|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140403141351/http://showbizspice.com/winner-list-of-2nd-hum-tv-awards-2014/|archivedate=3 April 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2015
| [[3rd Hum Awards]]
| {{won}} 
| {{center|&lt;ref name=&quot;HA3rd&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=2013 Hum Awards winners|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1175086|work=Correspondent|publisher=[[Dawn News]]|date=10 April 2015|accessdate=13 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|-
| [[14th Lux Style Awards]]
| {{won}}
| {{center|&lt;ref name=&quot;LSA14&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lux Style Awards 2015 nominees announced|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/922031/lux-style-awards-2015-nominees-announced/|work=correspondent|publisher=[[The Express Tribune]]|date=16 July 2015|accessdate=18 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2016
| [[4th Hum Awards]]
| {{won}}
| {{center|&lt;ref name=&quot;HA4th&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Hum Awards 2016 Complete Nominations List|url=http://www.brandsynario.com/hum-awards-2016-complete-nominations-list/|work=Maheen Nusrat|publisher=Brandsynario|date=6 April 2016|accessdate=6 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|-
| 1st Hum Style Awards
| {{won}} 
| {{center|&lt;ref&gt;Desk Report (29 October 2016), [https://images.dawn.com/news/1176496 &quot;Here are the winners from the first ever Hum Style Awards&quot;], ''Dawn News''. Retrieved 17 October 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2017
| [[16th Lux Style Awards]]
| {{nominated}}
| {{center|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.luxstyle.pk/lsa2017/|title=Lux Style Awards 2017|work=Lux Style|access-date=2017-06-07|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205013329/http://www.luxstyle.pk/lsa2017/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|-
| 2nd Hum Style Awards
| {{nominated}}
| {{center|&lt;ref&gt;Desk Report (29 October 2016), [https://www.brandsynario.com/hum-style-awards-2017-winners-list-revealed/ Hum Style Awards 2017 Winners’ List Revealed!]&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2018
| [[17th Lux Style Awards]]
| {{nominated}}
|{{center|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 February 2018 |title=Who Won What At The Lux Style Awards |url=https://www.hmagpak.com/21-Feb-2018/who-won-what-at-the-lux-style-awards |website=H! Pakistan Magazine }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|-
| 3rd Hum Style Awards
| {{nominated}}
| {{center|&lt;ref&gt;Desk Report (29 October 2016), [https://www.brandsynario.com/hum-style-awards-2018-complete-winners-list/ Hum Style Awards 2018: Complete Winners List!] {{Wayback|url=https://www.brandsynario.com/hum-style-awards-2018-complete-winners-list/ |date=20250215194651 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|-
| 2019
| [[18th Lux Style Awards]]
| {{won}}
|{{center|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1182224|title=Lux Style Award 2019 nominations are out!|author=Images Staff|date=30 March 2019|website=DAWN|access-date=30 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|}
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[[imdbname:10203634|Shahzad Noor]] ee [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]]

[https://www.instagram.com/shahzad_noor/ Shahzad Noor] ayaa ku jira [[Inistigaram|Instagram-ka]]

[https://www.facebook.com/shahzadnoorofficial Shahzad Nuur ayaa] ku jira [[Faysbuug|Facebook-ga]]</text>
      <sha1>3vfjafv8xwi4yf4q3crdw1p522jxiy2</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mathew Belcher</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>311951</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="7155" sha1="qnbayi4d9s1m7ft6u34hgh2x6yv1b0a" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name           = Mathew Belcher
| birth_date     = {{birth date and age|1982|9|20|df=y}}
| birth_place    = [[Gold Coast, Queensland]]
| height         = {{convert|173|cm|ftin|abbr=on}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Mathew Belcher |url=http://london2012.olympics.com.au/athlete/mathew-belcher |work=Official Site of the [[2012 Australian Olympic Team]] |publisher=[[Australian Olympic Committee]] |access-date=9 February 2014 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=3 Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103060718/http://london2012.olympics.com.au/athlete/mathew-belcher |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| weight         = {{convert|62|kg|stlb lb|0|abbr=on}}
| classes        = 420, 470
| coach          = [[Victor Kovalenko]]
| medaltemplates = 
{{MedalSport | [[Sailing (sport)|Sailing]] }}
{{MedalCountry | {{AUS}} }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Olympic Games]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[2012 Summer Olympics|2012 London]] | [[Sailing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 470 class|470 class]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[2020 Summer Olympics|2020 Tokyo]] | [[Sailing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 470|470 class]] }}
{{MedalSilver | [[2016 Summer Olympics|2016 Rio de Janeiro]] | [[Sailing at the 2016 Summer Olympics - Men's 470|470 class]]}}
{{MedalCompetition | [[World Championships]] }}
{{MedalGold | 2000 La Rochelle | 420 }}
{{MedalGold | [[470 World Championships|2010 The Hague]] | 470 }}
{{MedalGold | [[2011 ISAF Sailing World Championships|2011 Perth]] | 470 }}
{{MedalGold | [[470 World Championships|2012 Barcelona]] | 470 }}
{{MedalGold | [[470 World Championships|2013 La Rochelle]] | 470 }}
{{MedalGold | [[2014 ISAF Sailing World Championships|2014 Santander]] | [[2014 ISAF Sailing World Championships – Men's 470|470]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[470 World Championships|2015 Haifa]] | 470 }}
{{MedalGold | [[2017 470 World Championships|2017 Thessaloniki]] | 470 }}
{{MedalGold | 2018 Brisbane | Etchells }}
{{MedalGold | [[2019 470 World Championships|2019 Enoshima]] | 470 }}
{{MedalBronze | [[470 World Championships|2016 San Isidro]] | 470 }}
| updated        = December 2016
}}

'''Mathew “Mat” Belcher''' , OAM (wuxuu dhashay 20 Sebtember 1982) waa badmaax Australiyaanka ah iyo laba jeer ku guulaystey billadaha dahabka ee Olombikada 470 dinghy , kaasoo hadda la tartamaya shaqaalaha markabka Will Ryan . Sannadkii 2011, ka dib guushii Koobka Adduunka iyo Koobka Adduunka, isaga iyo Malcolm Page waxaa u sharraxay Xiriirka Caalamiga ah ee Doomaha ee Abaalmarinta Badmareennada Adduunka ee ISAF . Belcher waxaa loo doortay inuu noqdo calanka Australia xaflada xidhitaanka ciyaaraha Olombikada xagaaga 2020 ka dib markii uu ku guulaystay bilad dahab ah oo labaad iyo bilad saddexaad oo xidhiidh ah fasalka 470 .

Belcher waxaa loo tixgaliyaa inuu yahay badmareenkii Olombikada ee Australia ugu guulaha badnaa taariikhda, isagoo leh laba biladood oo dahab ah, hal qalin, iyo toban koob oo caalami ah magaciisa.

==Sanadihii hore==
Mathew wuxuu ku koray Xeebta Dahabka ah , Queensland , sidaas darteedna had iyo jeer waxaa ku hareeraysan biyo. Lix jir uun buu ahaa markii uu bilaabay inuu ku dhoofo Sabot (dhy) oo 10 jir ah oo ku xidhan dhabarka dambe ee doontii waalidkii.

1989kii isagoo todoba jir ah Mathew wuxuu ku tartamay tartankiisii ​​ugu horeeyay ee Southport Yacht Club.
==Xirfadda doonista==
Isagoo ku guuleystay 420 World Championship 2000, fasalka feeder 470, isagoo weli qabanaya dugsigiisa Dugsiga Southport ee Xeebta Gold , Belcher waxaa la siiyay kala soocidda calanka Olombikada inta lagu guda jiro xafladda xiritaanka ee Olombikada xagaaga 2000 . Halkaa marka ay marayso, waxa uu go'aansaday in uu sii wado riyadiisa ah in uu noqdo Olympian. Tababare Victor Kovalenko ayaa ku casuumay inuu ku biiro kooxda badmareenada ee Australia 470, halkaas oo uu uga soo shaqeeyay sidii lamaanihii hagaajinta Nathan Wilmot iyo Malcolm Page. Hogaamiye ahaan, Belcher wuxuu gaadhay darajada #1 ISAF sanadkii 2007 laakiin uma uu qalmin Olombikada 2008, maadaama Wilmot iyo Page ay ku guuleysteen 470 World Championship oo ay u sii wateen inay matalaan Australia ciyaarihii Olombikada Xagaaga ee 2008 ee Beijing.
==Ciyaaraha Olombikada==
Isagoo kaashanaya bilad dahabka Olombikada 2008 Malcolm Page , Belcher wuxuu ku guuleystey bilada dahabka ee Olombikada xagaaga 2012 ee London fasalka 470 Isaga iyo Will Ryan , Belcher waxa uu ka mid ahaa orodka 2016 Rio Olympics, isagoo ku guuleystay bilada qalinka ee fasalka 470 Ciyaaraha Olombikada Tokyo 2020, Belcher iyo Ryan waxay ku guuleysteen bilada dahabka ee fasalka 470
Bishii Oktoobar 2022 Belcher wuxuu ku dhawaaqay inuu ka fariistay badmaaxinta Olombikada wuxuuna u adeegi doonaa maamulaha Zhik, shirkad dharka shiraaca ah. 
==Aqoonsiga==
*2012 - Abaalmarinnada Badmareenka Australia - Badmaaxiinta Labka ah ee Sanadka (oo leh Bogga Malcolm )

*2013 - Abaalmarinnada Badmareenka Australia - Badmaaxayaasha Sanadka (oo leh Will Ryan )

*2013 – Abaalmarinnada Machadka Isboortiga Australia – Kooxda Sanadka (oo ay la socdaan Will Ryan )

*2014 - Abaalmarinnada Badmaaxinta Australiya - Badmaaxayaasha Sanadka (oo leh Will Ryan )

*2015 - Abaalmarinnada Badmaaxinta Australiya - Badmaaxayaasha Sanadka (oo leh Will Ryan )

*2019 - Abaalmarinnada badmaaxiinta Australia - Badmaaxiinta lab ee sanadka (oo leh Will Ryan )

*2019 - Abaalmarinta Machadka Australia ee Isboortiga - Kooxda Sanadka (oo leh Will Ryan ) 

*2021 - Abaalmarinnada Badmaaxinta Australiya - Badmaaxayaasha Sanadka (oo leh Will Ryan ) 

*2022 – Australian Badmareen Hall of Fame
==Tixraac==
[https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2021/aug/04/australias-15th-gold-medal-of-tokyo-games-secured-by-470-class-sailors &quot;Biladii dahabka ee 15-aad ee Australia ee Ciyaaraha Tokyo oo ay xaqiijiyeen 470 badmaaxayaal heersare ah&quot;]

[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-08-10/belcher-and-page-win-470-sailing-gold/4191752 &quot;Belcher iyo Page waxay ku guuleysteen 470 dahab shiraac ah&quot;]

[https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-08-04/australias-mathew-belcher-and-will-ryan-win-olympic-gold-sailing/100350072 &quot;Labada ciyaaryahan ee Australiyaanka ah ee Mathew Belcher iyo Will Ryan ayaa ku guuleystey dahabka ragga 470 ee ku safrayay Olombikada Tokyo&quot;]

[https://www.sail-world.com/news/255126/Mat-Belcher-takes-over-the-helm-at-Zhik &quot;Bilada Olombikada ee saddex jeer Mat Belcher ayaa la wareegay hogaanka Zhik&quot;]

[https://www.sailing.org.au/news/belcher-ryan-and-darmanin-create-history-at-awards/ &quot;Belcher, Ryan iyo Darmanin waxay taariikh ka abuureen Abaalmarinnada Sailing Australia&quot;]

[https://www.sailing.org.au/news/sailing-legends-inducted-to-australian-sailing-hall-of-fame/ &quot;Halyayadihii Shiraacida Waxaa Lagu Soo Bandhigay Hall of Fame Australia&quot;]{{Reflist}}

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20250122053942/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/mathew-belcher?ref=AUSMB11 Mathew Belcher]ee Badmareenka Adduunka

[https://www.olympics.com.au/olympians/mathew-belcher/ Mathew Belcher] oo ka tirsan guddiga Olombikada Australia

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/mathew-belcher Mathew Belcher] ee Olympics.com

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/124169 Mathew Belcher] ee Olympedia</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tetsuya Matsunaga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43450</id>
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      <text bytes="3375" sha1="scrvyvk82sd1svwwtk9rs3lbo6xihpk" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name = Tetsuya Matsunaga
| image = 
| imagesize =
| caption = 
| fullname = &lt;!-- if different --&gt;
| nickname = 
| nationality = {{JPN}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1979|4|15|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Kyoto]], Japan
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| height = {{height|m=1.70|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|57|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| website = 
| country = 
| classes = [[Dinghy]]
| club = Kooxda Doonta ee Saddexda Boondh
| coach = Kenji Nakamura
| medaltemplates= 
| show-medals = Haa
}}
Tetsuya Matsunaga (松永 鉄也, Matsunaga Tetsuya ; ku dhashay 15 Abriil 1979 ee Kyoto ) waa badmaax Japanese ah, oo ku takhasusay laba-qof oo dinghy ah ( 470 ) Waxa uu matalay Japan , oo uu weheliyo lammaanihiisa Taro Ueno , Olombikada Xagaaga ee 2008 , waxa uu sidoo kale tababar u qaadanayay Kooxda Saddexda Bond Sailing ee Kyoto inta badan xirfadiisa isboorti intii uu ku hoos jiray tababbare iyo lataliye Kenji Nakamura Laga bilaabo Sebtembar 2014, Matsunaga waxa uu galay kaalinta lixaad iyo labaatanaad ee adduunka laba-qof ee fasalka dinghy ee International Sailing Federation , ka dib guushii uu ka gaadhay Horyaalkii Koonfurta Ameerika, ISAF Sailing World Cup Series, iyo 2014 ISAF Sailing World Championships ee Santander, Spain .

Matsunaga waxa uu u soo baxay kab-badihii kooxda Jabbaan ee ragga 470 ee ciyaarihii Olombikada xagaaga ee 2008 ee Beijing isagoo galay shan iyo tobnaad oo boos ka helay Horyaalkii Adduunka ee Melbourne, Australia Isku-duubnida xubinta taranka ee Taro Ueno ee kow iyo tobanka tartanka, labada Japanese waxay ku dhajiyeen hogaanka cajiibka ah ee lugta furitaanka, laakiin waxay ku soo baxeen koobab bilad ah oo leh dhibco saafi ah oo ah 97 iyo kaalinta toddobaad ee ku dhammaatay 29 doomood
2014 ISAF Sailing World Championships , Matsunaga iyo saaxiibkiisa cusub Yugo Yoshida waxay dhigeen rikoor shaqo iyagoo kaalinta lixaad ka galay fasalka 470 ee ragga si ay u xaqiijiyaan booskooda kooxda badmareenada Japan ee Olombikada xagaaga 2016 . 
==Tixraac==
[http://www.thedailysail.com/inshore/13/65391/0/sperry-topsider-melges-24-world-championship-2013-day-2-report &quot;Ku dheggan xagga sare&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140406121547/http://www.sailing.org/worldcup/regattas/37657.php &quot;Sheeko Laba Qaybood Oo Dhan Palma Bay at ISAF Badmaalka Koobka Adduunka Mallorca&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20111010105259/http://470.org/content.asp?id=483 &quot;Hagaha Dhacdada: Ragga Labada Qof ee Dinghy - 470&quot;]

[https://www.tsn.ca/nhl/story/?id=246763 &quot;Australiyaanku waxay ku guulaysteen badmaaxiinta rag iyo dumarba 470&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20150510085135/http://www.sailing.org/events/isafworlds/38632.php &quot;Aussies iyo Awstariya waxay 470 Dahab ku garaaceen Santander]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20250223164847/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/tetsuya-matsunaga?ref=JPNTM1 Tetsuya Matsunaga]ee Badmareenka Adduunka 

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/tetsuya-matsunaga Tetsuya Matsunaga] ee Olympics.com

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/117826 Tetsuya Matsunaga] ee Olympedia

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140104203857/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=62545/bio/index.html NBC 2008 astaanta Olombikada]ee [[Wayback Machine]] (la kaydiyay 4 Janaayo 2014)

[http://www.joc.or.jp/games/olympic/beijing/sports/sailing/team/matunagatestuya.html Kooxda Olombikada Jabbaan]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Niklas Lindgren</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43454</id>
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      <text bytes="3644" sha1="dxnuxxbug765x8zg0xtb06bwks3xz0z" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name = Niklas Lindgren
| image = 
| imagesize =
| caption = 
| fullname = 
| nickname = ''Niksu''
| nationality = {{FIN}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1988|5|18|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Helsinki]], Finland
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| height = {{height|m=1.75|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|63|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| website = 
| country = 
| classes = [[Dinghy]]
| club = [[Helsingfors Segelklubb]]
| coach = [[Jouko Lindgren]]
| medaltemplates= 
| show-medals = Haa
}}
'''Niklas Lindgren''' (wuxuu ku dhashay 18 May 1988 magaalada Helsinki ) waa badmaax Finnish ah, oo ku takhasusay fasalka laba-qof ee dinghy ( 470 ). Waxa uu Finland u matalay laba qaybood oo ah Ciyaaraha Olombikada (2008 iyo 2012), wuxuuna sidoo kale tababar u soo qaadanayay Naadiga Sailing ee Helsinki (Helsingfors Segelklubb) inta badan xirfaddiisa ciyaaraha Aabihiis iyo macalinka gaarka ah Jouko Lindgren waxay bilado naxaas ah la wadaageen Georg Tallberg isla barnaamijkii Olombikada Xagaaga ee 1980 ee Moscow Laga bilaabo Sebtembar 2013, Lindgren waxa uu galay kaalinta 2-aad. 304 adduunka oo dhan oo loogu talagalay fasalka laba-qof ee dinghy ee Xiriirka Caalamiga ah ee Doomaha .

Lindgren waxa uu kulankiisii ​​ugu horeeyay ee Olombikada ka soo muuqday 2008dii Olombikada Xagaaga ee Beijing , halkaas oo uu ku lammaaniyay xubinta markabka Heikki Elomaa ee ragga 470 . Labada ciyaaryahan ee Finnishka ah ayaa ku dhameystay kaalinta todobo iyo labaatanaad ee furitaanka toban wareeg oo xiriir ah iyagoo helay dhibco dhexdhexaad ah oo ah 196, iyaga oo ka saaray walaalaha Turkiga Deniz iyo Ateş Çınar , farqiga u dhexeeya laba dhibcood ee ugu dambeeya. 
Ciyaaraha Olombikada xagaaga ee 2012 ee London, Lindgren wuxuu u tartamay xubin shaqaale ahaan fasalka 470 ee ragga . Kooxdiisu waxa ay heleen boos markii ay ku dhammeeyeen labaatan iyo labaaad Tartankii Adduunka ee ISAF ee Perth, Galbeedka Australia Isaga iyo walaalkii ka weyn iyo kabtanka Joonas Lindgren ee taxanaha furitaanka, labada nin ee Finnishka ah waxay uruursadeen dhibco saafi ah oo ah 167 si ay u sheegtaan kaalinta kow iyo labaatanaad ee raxan ka kooban toddoba iyo labaatan doonyood
Ciyaaraha Olombikada 2016 , Lindgren wuxuu mar kale la midoobay walaalkiis Joonas si uu ugu tartamo fasalka 470. Doonta ayaa ku dhameysatay kaalinta 15-aad marka loo eego 26 doomood oo wadartoodu tahay 123 dhibcood.
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20130509012122/http://www.noc.fi/olympiahistoria/kisasivut/peking-kisasivut/in_english/finnish_team/sailing/ &quot;2008 Beijing: Profile Sailing - Niklas Lindgren&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140105145909/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/sailing/resultsandschedules/rsc%3DSAM005000/standings.html &quot;Ragga 470 Class&quot;]

[https://archive.today/20130914080630/http://www.470.org/content.asp?id=5346 &quot;Walaalaha Lindgren ee Finland waxay xaqiijiyeen bilowga Olombikada&quot;]

[http://www.hs.fi/english/article/Finland+expects+Olympic+success+from+its+sailors+/1329104210006 &quot;Finland waxay filaysaa guul Olympic ka badmaaxeeda&quot;]

[http://yle.fi/urheilu/lindgrenien_olympiaurakka_paatokseen/6246706 &quot;Lindgrenien olympiaurakka päätökseen&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20221011091236/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/niklas-lindgren?ref=FINNL1 Niklas Lindgren]oo ku sugan badmaaxinta Adduunka

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/niklas-lindgren Niklas Lindgren] oo jooga Olympics.com

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/117865 Niklas Lindgren] iyo Olympedia

[https://archive.today/20130914080620/http://www.2012.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=lindgren-niklas-1018288/index.html NBC 2012 xogta Olombikada]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Joonas Lindgren</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43456</id>
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      <text bytes="2805" sha1="a1f4th8fu3bwcoq8r7dp5zil9828xt1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name = Joonas Lindgren
| image = 
| imagesize =
| caption = 
| fullname = 
| nickname = 
| nationality = {{FIN}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1986|5|31|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Helsinki]], Finland
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| height = {{height|m=1.70|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|64|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| website = 
| country = 
| classes = [[Dinghy]]
| club = [[Helsingfors Segelklubb]]
| coach = [[Jouko Lindgren]]
| medaltemplates= 
| show-medals = Haa
}}
'''Joonas Lindgren''' (wuxuu ku dhashay 31 May 1986 magaalada Helsinki ) waa badmaax Finnish ah, oo ku takhasusay fasalka laba-qof ee dinghy ( 470 ). Wuxuu matalay Finland ciyaarihii Olombikada xagaaga ee 2012 , wuxuuna sidoo kale tababar u soo qaadanayay Naadiga Sailing ee Helsinki (Helsingfors Segelklubb) inta badan xirfaddiisa isboortiga. Aabihiis iyo macalinka gaarka ah Jouko Lindgren ayaa bilado naxaas ah la wadaagay Georg Tallberg isla barnaamijkii Olombikada Xagaaga ee 1980 ee Moscow . Laga bilaabo Sebtembar 2013, Lindgren waxa uu galay kaalinta NO. 33 adduunka oo loogu talagalay fasalka laba-qof ee dinghy ee Xiriirka Caalamiga ah ee Sailing


Lindgren waxa uu u tartamay sidii kabiyaha ee fasalka 470 ee ragga ee Olombikada xagaaga ee 2012 ee London isagoo ku dhammaystay labaatan iyo labaad oo uu boos ka helay ISAF World Championship ee Perth, Galbeedka Australia Isaga iyo walaalkii ka yar iyo kabtanka Niklas Lindgren ee taxanaha furitaanka, labada nin ee Finnishka ah waxay uruursadeen dhibco saafi ah oo ah 167 si ay u helaan booska kow iyo labaatanaad ee raxan ka kooban toddoba iyo labaatan doonyood.
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20130405051244/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/lindgren-joonas-1018287/ &quot;Joonas Lindgren&quot;]

[https://archive.today/20130914080630/http://www.470.org/content.asp?id=5346 &quot;Walaalaha Lindgren ee Finland waxay xaqiijiyeen bilowga Olombikada&quot;]

[http://www.hs.fi/english/article/Finland+expects+Olympic+success+from+its+sailors+/1329104210006 &quot;Finland waxay filaysaa guul Olympic ka badmaaxeeda&quot;]

[http://yle.fi/urheilu/lindgrenien_olympiaurakka_paatokseen/6246706http://yle.fi/urheilu/lindgrenien_olympiaurakka_paatokseen/6246706 &quot;Landgrens]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20241204173313/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/joonas-lindgren?ref=FINJL4 Joonas Lindgren]oo jooga Badmaaxinta Adduunka 

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/joonas-lindgren Joonas Lindgren] oo jooga Olympics.com

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/120648 Joonas Lindgren] ee Olympedia

[https://archive.today/20130914082906/http://www.2012.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=lindgren-joonas-1018287/index.html NBC 2012 xogta Olombikada] la kaydiyay 14 Sebtembar 2013</text>
      <sha1>a1f4th8fu3bwcoq8r7dp5zil9828xt1</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cho Sung-min</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43458</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311850</id>
      <parentid>286332</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T22:35:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311850</origin>
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      <text bytes="3421" sha1="8llbur3y9y0nbup6jaoq1b16c3b1nzn" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name = Cho Sung-min
| image = 
| imagesize =
| caption = 
| fullname = 
| nationality = {{KOR}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1987|1|29|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Seoul]], South Korea
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| height = {{height|m=1.77|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|68|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| website = 
| country = 
| classes = [[Dinghy]], [[match race]]
| club = Su-Young Man Yachting Center
| coach = 
| medaltemplates = 
{{MedalSport | Men's [[sailing (sport)|sailing]] }}
{{MedalCountry | {{KOR}} }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Sailing at the Asian Games|Asian Games]] }}
{{MedalBronze | [[Sailing at the 2010 Asian Games|2010 Guangzhou]] | [[Sailing at the 2010 Asian Games – Match racing|Match racing]] }}
{{MedalSilver | [[Sailing at the 2014 Asian Games|2014 Incheon]] | [[Sailing at the 2014 Asian Games – Match racing|Match racing]] }}
| show-medals = yes
}}
{{Infobox Korean name
| hangul  = 조성민
| hanja   = 
| rr      = Jo Seongmin
| mr      = Cho Sŏngmin
}}
'''Cho Sung-min''' (sidoo kale Jo Seong-min , Kuuriyaan : 조성민 ; ku dhashay Janaayo 29, 1987, ee Seoul ) waa badmaax Koonfur Kuuriya ah, oo ku takhasusay dinghy laba-qof ah ( 470 ) iyo fasalada tartanka ciyaaraha furan Waxa uu ku andacooday bilad naxaas ah, isaga oo xubin ka ah kooxda badmareenada Kuuriyada Koonfureed, tartankii ciyaaraha ee Ciyaaraha Aasiya 2010 , ka dibna waxa uu u matalay Kuuriyada Koonfureed ciyaarihii Olombikada Xagaaga 2012 . Laga bilaabo Sebtembar 2013, Cho waxa ay ku jirtaa kaalinta NO. 134 adduunka oo dhan oo loogu talagalay fasalka laba-qof ee dinghy ee Xiriirka Caalamiga ah ee Doomaha .

Cho wuxuu saftay kulankiisii ​​ugu horeysay ee Ciyaaraha Asia 2010 ee Guangzhou , halkaas oo uu ku qabsaday bilad naxaas ah kooxda South Korea ciyaar ay la ciyaareen dalka martida loo yahay ee Shiinaha oo leh rikoor cajiib ah oo 3-1 ah.
Ciyaaraha Olombikada xagaaga ee 2012 ee London , Cho wuxuu u tartamay sidii xubin shaqaale doon ah oo ka tirsan fasalka 470 ka dib markii uu boos ka helay Horyaalkii Adduunka ee Barcelona, ​​​​Spain Isaga oo weheliya lamaanahiisa iyo kabtanka Park Gun-woo ee taxanaha furitaanka, Cho waxa uu ka soo jiiday kaalinta labaatan iyo labaatanaad ee raxan toddoba iyo labaatan doonyood oo leh dhibco urursan oo ah 169 dhibcood. 
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20130923220508/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/jo/jo-seong-min-2.html &quot;Jo Seong-Min&quot;] 

[http://www.sailing.org/news/9551.php &quot;16-aad ee Ciyaaraha Horyaalka Aasiya ee Shiinaha&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140728134135/http://worlds.470.org/eventsites/content.asp?id=12198&amp;eventid=66686 &quot;Shaqada Olimbikada waxa la sugay maalinta 3aad ee aduunka 470&quot;] [https://web.archive.org/web/20130530111345/http://www.london2012.com/sailing/event/470-men/phase%3Dsam005910/doc%3Dsummary.html &quot;Ragga 470&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20230126185321/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/sungmin-cho?ref=KORSC1 Sungmin Cho]Doomaha Adduunka

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/sungmin-cho Sungmin Cho] ee Olympics.com

[https://web.archive.org/web/20190527220827/https://www.olympic.org/sungmin-cho Sungmin Cho] 

[https://archive.today/20130910103544/http://www.2012.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=cho-sungmin-1087297/index.html Cho Sungmin ee NBC 2012 websaydka Olombikada]

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/123552 Jo Seong-Min] ee Olympedia</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Patrick Follmann</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43462</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311981</id>
      <parentid>286883</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T01:53:36Z</timestamp>
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        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="3334" sha1="gyxbgumw36756nf0bg00a89a9164zew" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name = Patrick Follmann
| image = Paddo Follmann 2009.jpg
| caption = Follmann sanadkii 2009
| full_name = &lt;!-- if different --&gt;
| nickname = ''Paddo''
| nationality = {{GER}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1989|4|20|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Regensburg]], [[Jarmalka Galbeed]]
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| height = 1.93 m
| weight = 74 kg
| classes = [[Dinghy]]
| club = Deutscher Touring Yacht Club
| coach = 
| medaltemplates = 
| show-medals = haa
}}
'''Patrick Follmann''' (wuxuu ku dhashay 20 Abriil 1989 gudaha Regensburg ) waa badmaax Jarmal ah, oo ku takhasusay fasalka laba-qof ee dinghy ( 470 ) Waxa uu matalay Germany , isaga iyo saaxiibkiis Ferdinand Gerz , ciyaarihii Olombikada Xagaaga 2012 , waxa uu sidoo kale tababar ku qaadanayay inta badan xirfadiisa ciyaareed ee Deutscher Touring Yacht Club ee Tutzing Waxa uu sidoo kale helay natiijada ugu fiican xirfadda isaga oo hal guul u ah kooxda Jarmalka ee ragga ee 470 fasalka 2012 Kiel Tournament ee Kiel Laga bilaabo Sebtembar 2014, Follmann wuxuu ku jiraa lambarka 147 adduunka oo dhan oo loogu talagalay fasalka laba-qof ee dinghy ee Xiriirka Caalamiga ah ee Sailing

Follmann waxa uu u qalmay kabiyaha kooxda Jarmalka ee ragga 470 ee ciyaaraha Olombikada xagaaga ee 2012 ee London isagoo galay kaalinta shan iyo tobnaad ee ISAF World Championship ee Perth, Galbeedka Australia Isku-duubnida xubinta shaqaalaha Ferdinand Gerz ee taxanaha furitaanka, labada Jarmal waxay diiwaangeliyeen dhibco 105 ah oo saafi ah si ay u dejiyaan kaalinta saddex iyo tobnaad ee raxan ka kooban toddoba iyo labaatan doonyood.

==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20141027085208/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/fo/patrick-follmann-1.html &quot;Patrick Follmann&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20141027090754/http://www.osp-berlin.de/69-0-1088-News-DOSB-nominiert-die-ersten-85-Athleten-fuer-London.html &quot;DOSB nominiert die ersten 85 Athleten für London&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20141225120911/http://www.focus.de/sport/mehrsport/segeln-kieler-woche-olympiateilnehmer-ueberzeugen-nur-teilweise_aid_768279.html Waxaa laga kaydiyay] asalka 25 December 2014 .  27 Oktoobar 2014 

[http://www.mittelbayerische.de/sport/regionale-sportnachrichten/artikel/bayerisches_duo_mit_grossem_po/739194/bayerisches_duo_mit_grossem_po.html &quot;Bayerisches Duo mit großem Potenzial&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mittelbayerische.de/sport/regionale-sportnachrichten/artikel/bayerisches_duo_mit_grossem_po/739194/bayerisches_duo_mit_grossem_po.html |date=20141027084818 }}

[http://www.spiegel.de/sport/sonst/olympia-2012-deutsche-segler-ohne-medaillen-nach-hause-a-849222.html &quot;Deutsche Segler bei Olympia 2012:]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20241209072252/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/patrick-follmann?ref=GERPF1 Patrick Follmann]oo ku sugan Sailing World

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/patrick-follmann Patrick Follmann] oo jooga Olympics.com

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/125252 Patrick Follmann] ee Olympedia

[https://www.teamdeutschland.de/team/details/patrick-follmann Patrick Follmann] oo ka tirsan Kooxda Deutschland (Jarmalka)

[https://archive.today/20141027071021/http://www.2012.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=follmann-patrick-1109191/index.html Patrick Follmann oo jooga shabakada NBC 2012 Olympics]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Florian Reichstädter</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43467</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311871</id>
      <parentid>296610</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T23:01:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311871</origin>
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      <text bytes="4425" sha1="pnsuv8eqrurvpnv4d3w3luwwllw1o4g" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name = Florian Reichstädter
| image = Team Austria - Olympic Games 2012 - reception at Hofburg a Florian Reichstädter.jpg
| imagesize = 200px
| caption = 
| fullname = 
| nickname = ''Reichi
| nationality = {{AUT}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1980|7|3|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Vienna]], Austria
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| height = {{height|m=1.79|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|70|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| website = 
| country = 
| classes = [[Dinghy]]
| club = Yacht Club Breitenbrunn
| coach = Christian Binder
| medaltemplates= 
| show-medals = haa
}}
'''Florian Reichstädter''' (wuxuu ku dhashay 3 Luulyo 1980 gudaha Vienna ) waa badmaax Austrian ah, oo ku takhasusay fasalka laba-qof ee dinghy ( 470 ) Wuxuu matalay Austria , oo uu weheliyo lammaanihiisa Matthias Schmid , laba qaybood oo Ciyaaraha Olombikada ah (2008 iyo 2012), wuxuuna sidoo kale tababar u soo qaadanayay Yacht Club Breitenbrunn ee Jarmalka inta badan xirfaddiisa isboorti ee uu hoos imanayo macallimiintiisa gaarka ah Alfred Pelinka iyo Christian Binder. Laga bilaabo Sebtembar 2013, Reichstadter waxa uu galay kaalinta labaad ee aduunka laba qof oo fasalka dinghy by the International Sailing Federation , ka dib guulihii uu ka soo hooyay Horyaalada Waqooyiga Ameerika iyo Taxanaha Koobka Adduunka ee Sailing ee Miami, Florida , Maraykanka.

Reichstadter waxa uu kulankiisii ​​ugu horeeyay si rasmi ah uga soo muuqday Ciyaaraha Olombikada Xagaaga ee 2008 ee Beijing , halkaas oo uu ku lammaaniyay xubinta markabka Matthias Schmid ee fasalka 470 ee ragga . Labada ciyaaryahan ee Australiya ayaa ku dhameystay kaalinta afar iyo labaatanaad iyagoo ku jira toban wareeg oo furitaan ah iyagoo dhaliyay 164 dhibcood, iyagoo ka dambeeya Tobias Etter oo Switzerland u dhashay iyo Felix Steiger oo cidhiidhi ah oo laba dhibcood u jira kala sareynta ugu dambeysa
Ciyaaraha Olombikada xagaaga ee 2012 ee London , Reichstadter wuxuu u tartamay markii labaad isagoo xubin ka ah kooxda 470 ee ragga isagoo dhammeeyay labaatan iyo kow iyo inuu boos ka helay ISAF World Championship ee Perth, Galbeedka Australia Mar kale oo ay Schmid kula soo biireen taxanihii furitaanka, labada Australiya ayaa hogaanka hore ku soo kordhiyey lugtii hore, laakiin waxay ku soo baxeen madal biladeedka iyagoo helay dhibco uruursan oo ah 107 dhibcood iyo kaalinta sagaalaad oo ay ku dhammeeyeen raxan ka kooban todoba iyo labaatan doonyood.
Waxa uu tababare ahaan ugu soo shaqeeyay Rosa Donner iyo Sebastian Slivon kuwaas oo guulo ka gaadhay da'yarta 470 fasalka .
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20130501173922/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/reichstaedter-florian-1122224/ &quot;Florian Reichstaedter&quot;] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20130922180822/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/re/florian-reichstadter-1.html &quot;Florian Reichstädter&quot;] 

[https://archive.today/20130914092908/http://www.470.org/content.asp?id=5677 &quot;470 North America Championship&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093316/http://kurier.at/sport/sportmix/oeoc-nominierte-69-athleten-fuer-olympia/792.712 &quot;ÖOC nominierte 69 Athleten für Olympia&quot;]

[https://www.salzi.at/2012/05/florian-raudaschl-segelt-vor-falmouth-um-ein-olympiaticket/ Raudaschl segelt] [https://web.archive.org/web/20130530111345/http://www.london2012.com/sailing/event/470-men/phase%3Dsam005910/doc%3Dsummary.html &quot;Ragga 470&quot;]

[http://derstandard.at/1343744183312/SchmidReichstaedter-als-Neunte-ins-Medal-Race &quot;Schmid und Reichstädter als Neunte ins Medal Race&quot;] [https://www.meinbezirk.at/kaernten/c-lokales/rosa-donner-holt-em-silber-fuer-kaernten_a5497765 &quot;Bei zweiten 470er Junioren EM: Rosa Donner holt EM Silber für Kärnten&quot;]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[http://www.aut3.com/ Mareegta rasmiga ah] {{Wayback|url=http://www.aut3.com/ |date=20250812080440 }} 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20241204173537/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/florian-reichstadter?ref=AUTFR1 Florian Reichstädter]oo ku sugan badmaaxinta Adduunka 

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/117858 Florian Reichstädter] ee Olympedia

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/florian-reichstaedter Florian Reichstaedter] ee Olympics.com

[https://archive.today/20130914092931/http://www.2012.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=reichstaedter-florian-1122224/index.html Florian Reichstaedter oo jooga NBC 2012 shabakada Olombikada]</text>
      <sha1>pnsuv8eqrurvpnv4d3w3luwwllw1o4g</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Toh Liying</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43477</id>
    <revision>
      <id>312029</id>
      <parentid>287896</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T03:34:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="4128" sha1="r91wrf6i405xuslf1616zjw8kuuna6x" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name = Toh Liying
| image = 
| image_size =
| caption = 
| full_name = &lt;!-- if different --&gt;
| nickname = ''Toh''
| nationality = {{SIN}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1985|4|2|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Singapore]]
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| height = {{height|m=1.57|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|52|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| website = 
| country = 
| classes = [[Dinghy]]
| club = [[Singapore Sailing Federation|National Optimist Sailing Scheme]]
| coach = Craig Ferris (AUS)
| medaltemplates= 
{{MedalSport | Women's [[sailing (sport)|sailing]]}}
{{MedalCountry | Singapore }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Asian Games]]}}
{{MedalSilver | [[2006 Asian Games|2006 Doha]] | [[Sailing at the 2006 Asian Games – Women's 470|470]] }}
{{MedalBronze | [[2002 Asian Games|2002 Busan]] | [[Sailing at the 2002 Asian Games – Women's 420|420]] }}
| show-medals = haa
}}
'''Toh Liying''' (wuxuu dhashay 2 Abriil 1985), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Toh Liying , waa badmaax hore oo Singapore ah, oo ku takhasusay fasalka laba-qof ee dinghy ( 470 ). Iyada iyo lammaaneheeda 17-jirka ah ee Deborah Ong , waxaa loo magacaabay mid ka mid ah badmaaxiinta ugu sarreeya waddanka ee ku jira dinghy-ga laba-gacan ee Olombikada Xagaaga 2008 , oo ku dhammaatay meel fog oo sagaal iyo tobnaad. Marka laga reebo xirfadeeda Olombikada, Toh iyo tandemkeedii hore Elizabeth Ong ayaa siisay dadka reer Singapore bilad qalin ah oo qaali ah , dumarkii 470 ciyaarihii Asia 2006 ee Doha , Qatar Iyadoo raadinaysa inay dhammaystirto shahaadadeeda cilmiga noolaha ee Jaamacadda Monash ee Melbourne , Australia , Toh waxay u tababartay Ciyaaraha iyadoo ay hoos imanayso tababaraheeda gaarka ah Craig Ferris.

Toh waxa uu u tartamay kooxda badmaaxiinta ee reer Singapore, isaga oo kabtan ka ahaa fasalka 470 ee haweenka , ciyaarihii Olombikada xagaaga ee 2008 ee Beijing Iyada oo la raacayo doorashadooda Olombikada, iyada iyo xubinta markabka Ong waxay heleen boos firaaqo ah oo ay lumisay New Zealand, iyada oo ah tandem ku xigta ee ugu darajada sareysa ee u tartamaysa u-qalmitaanka, adduunyada la xidhiidha fasalka ku dhawaad ​​siddeed bilood ka hor Melbourne. Labada nin ee reer Singapore ee aan khibradda lahayn ayaa si cad ugu halgamay sidii ay u soo qaban lahaayeen badmaaxayaal heer caalami ah oo ku jira xaalado neecow leh.
==Tixraac==
[https://www.smu.edu.sg/sites/default/files/smu/news_room/smu_in_the_news/2009/sources/TODAY_20090121_2.pdf &quot;Isbeddel badan oo ku yimid kooxda badmaaxiinta Olombikada&quot;]

[https://www.sailing.org/news/21137.php#.Xo8q3lMza8o &quot;Bilada Singapore Blitz&quot;]

[https://files.monash.edu/records-archives/archives/memo-archive/2004-2007/stories/20080806/monash-beijing.html &quot;Monash fields kow iyo toban ee Beijing] {{Wayback|url=https://files.monash.edu/records-archives/archives/memo-archive/2004-2007/stories/20080806/monash-beijing.html |date=20200412110355 }}

[https://www.sailing.org/news/4223.php &quot;Hagaha Dhacdada: Labada Qof ee Haweenka Dinghy - 470&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140105145909/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/sailing/resultsandschedules/rsc%3DSAW005000/standings.html &quot;Beijing 2008: Haweenka 470 Fasalka&quot;]

[https://www.redsports.sg/2008/08/13/liying-deborah-470-sailing/ &quot;Cusbooneysii Ciyaaraha Olombikada Beijing: Badmaaxayaasha Toh Liying iyo Deborah Ong ayaa jiifa meeshii ugu dambeysay 470&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.redsports.sg/2008/08/13/liying-deborah-470-sailing/ |date=20241226214815 }}

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20241227004558/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/liying-toh?ref=SINTL1 Liying Toh]World Shiling

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/liying-toh Liying Toh] ee Olympics.com

[https://web.archive.org/web/20200412110356/https://www.olympic.org/liying-toh Liying Toh] Olympic.org (la kaydiyay)

[https://web.archive.org/web/20120720163025/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=67552/bio/index.html Liying Toh ee NBC 2008 mareegta Olombikada]

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/117747 Toh Li Ying] ee Olympedia

[https://www.singaporeolympics.com/olympians/toh-li-ying Toh Li Ying] ee Golaha Olombikada Qaranka ee Singapore</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Laia Tutzó</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="4610" sha1="qhcnfk2z09o4em3iku2r8zz4s09vjri" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name = Laia Tutzó
| image = 
| imagesize =
| caption = 
| fullname = Laia Lluïsa Tutzó Moreno
| nickname = 
| nationality = {{ESP}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1980|10|9|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Barcelona]], Spain
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| height = {{height|m=1.65|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|55|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| website = 
| country = 
| classes = [[Dinghy]] and [[keelboat]]
| club = Club Nautic Port d'Aro
| coach = Eneko Fernández
| medaltemplates= 
{{MedalSport | Women's [[sailing (sport)|sailing]]}}
{{MedalCountry | Spain }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[World championships in sailing|World Championships]]}}
{{MedalGold | [[List of World Championships medalists in sailing (keelboat classes)|2002 Brunnen]] | Yngling }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[European championships in sailing|European Championships]]}}
{{MedalBronze | [[List of European Championships medalists in sailing|2006 Balatonfüred]] | 470 }}
| show-medals = haa
}}
'''Laia Lluïsa Tutzó Moreno''' (waxay dhalatay 9 Oktoobar 1980) waa badmaax hore oo Isbaanish ah, oo ku takhasusay labada qof ee dinghy ( 470 ) iyo fasalada Yngling . Si wadajir ah iyada iyo lammaaneheeda Natalia Vía Dufresne , afar jeer oo Olympian ah isla markaana ku guuleysatay laba billad qalin ah, waxaa loo magacaabay mid ka mid ah badmaaxiinta ugu sarreeya waddanka ee ku jira doomaha laba-gacan ee Olombikada Xagaaga 2008 , iyada oo soo koobtay tobanka shaqaale ee ugu sarreeya tartanka ugu dambeeya. Ka baxsan xirfadeeda Olombikada, Tutzó waxay ka caawisay walaalaha Azón Monica iyo Sandra inay xoojiyaan dhamaystirka dahabiga ah ee Yngling Worlds ee 2002, ka hor inta aysan u wareegin waajibaadkeeda yachting si ay ula midoobaan Vía Dufresne ka dibna Marina Gallego ee 470 Xubin ka mid ah Port d'Aro Nautical Club ee Barcelona oo ka hooseysa xirfadeeda ciyaaraha ee Tutz Tababare Eneko Fernández, oo ka mid ah tababarayaasha xidhiidhka kubbada cagta ee labada gacmood. 

Tutzó waxay u tartamaysay kooxda badmareenada Isbaanishka, iyada oo xubin ka ah shaqaalaha kooxda haweenka ee 470 , ciyaarihii Olombikada Xagaaga ee 2008 ee Beijing . Iyada iyo kabtanka Vía Dufresne ayaa ugu sarreeyay shuruudaha xulashada iyagoo dadaal la'aan ah, 82-dhibcood ka sarreeya tandem kale Gallego iyo Támara Echegoyen si ay u xiraan booska 470 ee dalka ee haweenka ciyaaraha adduunka ee la xiriira fasalka ku dhawaad ​​siddeed bilood ka hor Melbourne , Australia Labada ciyaaryahan ee Isbaanishka ayaa galay tartanka ugu dambeeya iyaga oo laba dhibcood oo ka mid ah rikoodhada ku soo baxay taxanaha oo dhan, labadooduba waxay ku soo dhawaadeen guushoodii ku meel gaarka ahaa ee afraad iyo sagaalaad, siday u kala horreeyaan, marka loo eego dhibcaha ugu yar Rigoore qaali ah oo loogu talagalay dhacdo ka dhacday calaamadda sare ee ugu dambeysa, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay ku riixday Tutzó iyo Vía Dufresne labadaba dhabarka iyo ka soo baxa billadaha, iyaga oo fadhiya booska tobnaad ee guud ee dhibcaha 92.
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418102021/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/tu/laia-tutzo-1.html &quot;Laia Tutzo&quot;]

[https://espanol.eurosport.com/vela/juegos-olimpicos/2008/los-espanoles-quintos_sto1671452/story.shtml &quot;Los españoles, quintos&quot;]

[https://www.sailing.org/news/19145.php#.Xo7YE1Mza8o &quot;Spain Oo Ku Guuleysatey Magaca Haweenka Iyo Ragga Denmark&quot;]

[http://archivo.marca.com/edicion/marca/vela/es/desarrollo/1084092.html &quot;Vía-Dufresne y Tutzó sacan billete para Petín&quot;]

[https://www.sailing.org/news/4286.php#.Xo7fbFMza8r &quot;Australia Oo Hoggaanka Hoggaamineed Ka Qaadatay Tartanka Billadaha 470 Ee Haweenka&quot;]

[https://www.sailing.org/4282.php#.Xo7feVMza8q &quot;Aussie 470 Women Rechichi iyo Parkinson Hit The Front&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140105145909/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/sailing/resultsandschedules/rsc%3DSAW005000/standings.html &quot;Beijing 2008: Haweenka 470 Fasalka&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://www.laiatutzo.com/ Mareegta rasmiga ah]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20250221192602/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/laia-tutzo?ref=ESPLT2 Laia Tutzó]oo ku sugan badmaaxinta Adduunka  

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/117731 Laia Tutzó] ee Olympedia

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/laia-lluisa-tutzo Laia Lluisa Tutzo] ee Olympics.com

[https://web.archive.org/web/20120720153747/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=62436/bio/index.html Laia Lluisa Tutzo oo joogta NBC 2008 shabakada Olombikada]

[https://web.archive.org/web/2/https://web.coe.es/COE/bd_perso.nsf/VBusqDeport/ff721db270d93ccec1256fcc0056ff9d Laia Lluisa Tutzo Moreno]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lenka Mrzílková</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43480</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="3278" sha1="h66ztuz550k4ncwysotkvwdo8on53jv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name = Lenka Mrzílková
| image = 
| caption = 
| full_name = &lt;!-- if different --&gt;
| nickname = 
| nationality = Czech
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1988|1|17|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav]], Czechoslovakia
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| height = 170 cm
| weight = 58 kg
| classes = [[Dinghy]]
| club = YC Neratovice
| coach = Antonín Mrzílek
| medaltemplates= 
| show-medals = haa
}}
'''Lenka Mrzílková''' (wuxuu dhashay 17 Janaayo 1988) waa badmaax hore oo Czech ah, kaasoo ku takhasusay fasalka laba-qof ee dinghy ( 470 ). Si wada jir ah iyada iyo lammaaneheeda iyo Athens 2004 bilad qalin ah oo ku jirta fasalka Yurub Lenka Šmídová , waxaa loo magacaabay mid ka mid ah badmaaxiinta ugu sareysa dalka ee doomaha laba-gacanta leh ee Olombikada Xagaaga 2008 , ku dhameysatay kaalinta toddobaad Xubin ka tirsan naadiga doonyaha ee Neratovice , Mrzílková waxa ay tababartay inta badan xirfadeeda tartanka iyada oo ay hoos imanayso macalinkeeda gaarka ah iyo aabaheed Antonín Mrzílek.

Mrzílková waxa uu u tartamay kooxda badmareenada Czech, isaga oo xubin ka ah kooxda 470 ee haweenka , ciyaarihii Olombikada xagaaga ee 2008 ee Beijing Iyadoo la raacayo doorashadooda Olombikada, iyada iyo kabtanka Šmídová waxay dhammeeyeen labaatan iyo labaad si ay u xidhaan shanta qol ee ugu dambeeya ee laga heli karo Adduunka-xidhiidhka ah ku dhawaad ​​siddeed bilood ka hor Melbourne , Australia Labada ciyaaryahan ee Czech ayaa si cajiib ah hogaanka ugu qabtay lugtii ugu danbeysay ee taxanaha si ay u xaqiijiyaan booskooda tartanka bilada laba dhibcood, ka hor inta aysan ka dhicin tartanka kaalinta todobaad iyagoo leh 83 dhibcood.
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418082143/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/mr/lenka-mrzilkova-1.html &quot;Lenka Mrzílková&quot;] 

[https://www.radio.cz/en/section/news/athens-silver-medallist-in-yachting-smidova-reaches-beijing-olympics &quot;Bilada qalinka ah ee Athens ee ku guuleysatey doon Šmídová ayaa gaarey Olombikada Beijing&quot;]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

[https://www.sailing.org/news/4286.php#.Xo3Q_dMza8q &quot;Australia Oo Hoggaanka Hoggaamineed Ka Qaadatay Tartanka Billadaha 470 Ee Haweenka&quot;]

[https://sport.aktualne.cz/smidova-stribro-neobhajila-jachtarky-dojely-sedme/r~i:article:613998/ &quot;Šmídová stříbro neobhájila, jachtařky dojely sedmé] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140105145909/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/sailing/resultsandschedules/rsc%3DSAW005000/standings.html &quot;Beijing 2008: Haweenka 470 Fasalka&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20241228040814/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/lenka-mrzilkova?ref=CZELM3 Lenka Mrzílková]oo ku sugan badmaaxinta Adduunka

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/lenka-mrzilkova Lenka Mrzílková] ee Olympics.com

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/117734 Lenka Mrzílková] ee Olympijskytym.cz 

[https://web.archive.org/web/1/https://www.olympic.cz/sportovec/2105--lenka-mrzilkova Lenka Mrzílková] Olympic.cz (Czech) (la kaydiyay)

[https://web.archive.org/web/20120720152115/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=62316/bio/index.html Lenka Mrzílková oo jooga NBC 2008 shabakada Olombikada]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Koh Seng Leong</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43483</id>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-08T00:19:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="4978" sha1="cyndjal5505wdqwxsvstgteudot2xvl" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name = Koh Seng Leong
| image = 
| imagesize =
| caption = 
| fullname = Joseph Koh Seng Leong
| nationality = {{SIN}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1983|9|19|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Singapore]]
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| height = {{height|m=1.76|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|71|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| website = 
| country = 
| classes = [[Dinghy]]
| club = SAF Yachting Club
| coach = [[Brett Beyer]] (AUS)
| medaltemplates= 
{{MedalSport | Men's [[sailing (sport)|sailing]]}}
{{MedalCountry | Singapore }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Asian Games]]}}
{{MedalSilver | [[2006 Asian Games|2006 Doha]] | [[Sailing at the 2006 Asian Games – Laser Radial|Laser Radial]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Southeast Asian Games]]}}
{{MedalSilver | [[2007 Southeast Asian Games|2007 Bangkok]] | [[Sailing at the 2007 Southeast Asian Games|Laser]]}}
| show-medals = haa
}}
'''Joseph Koh Seng Leong''' (wuxuu dhashay 19 Sebtembar 1983) waa badmaax hore oo Singapore u dhashay, kaasoo ku takhasusay Laser iyo 470 fasal
Waxa uu u matalay Singapore laba qaybood oo ka mid ah Ciyaaraha Olombikada Xagaaga (2000 iyo 2008), isaga oo ku dhammaystay meel ka baxsan shan iyo labaatanka sare midkiiba laba doomood oo kala duwan, siday u kala horreeyaan. Ka baxsan xirfadda Olombikada, Koh waxa uu ururiyay wadar ahaan laba billadood regatta-qaradeed, taasoo u dhaxaysay Ciyaaraha Aasiya ee 2006 ee Doha iyo 2007 Ciyaaraha Koonfur-bari Aasiya ee Nakhon Ratchasima Koh waxa uu ku tababbarray xirfadiisa ciyaaraha oo dhan SAF Yachting Club ee Changi , isaga oo hoos imanaya tababarihiisa gaarka ah Brett Beyer , lix jeer Laser Apprentice Master world champion oo u dhashay Australia.

Da'da 16, Koh wuxuu noqday badmaaxkii ugu da'da yaraa ee u tartamaya Sydney 2000 . Halkaa, isaga iyo lamaanihiisa Tan Wearn Haw waxay ku dhammeeyeen siddeed iyo labaatanaad ee fasalka 470 ee ragga iyagoo haysta darajada saafiga ah ee 192, iyaga oo ka badbaadiyay gadaasha gawaarida iyagoo laba iyo toban dhibcood ka sarreeya labada Hungarian ee Marcell Goszleth iyo Ádám Szőrényi Isaga oo u wareegaya gacan keliya, Koh waxa uu doonayey in uu ku dalbado Laser-ka furan ee Athens 2004 , laakiin waxa uu lumiyay doorashada laba jeer Stanley Tan oo Olympian ah . Sannadkii 2005, Koh gacantiisa bidix ayuu ka jabay shil mooto oo aan caadi ahayn, taasoo ku kalliftay inuu ku dhoofo doon ku jirta regattas soo socda isagoo wata farsamo wax laga beddelay
Siddeed sano ka dib markii uu ku tartamay ciyaarihiisii ​​ugu horreeyay, Koh wuxuu u qalmay kooxdii labaad ee reer Singapore, isagoo 24 jir ah, fasalka Laser ee Ciyaaraha Olombikada Xagaaga ee 2008 ee Beijing . Waxa uu dhameeyay saddex iyo labaatankii badmaaxiinta 52 ee markabka lacagta ah si uu u xidho mid ka mid ah tobanka meelood ee kootada ee laga heli karo Caalamka lix bilood ka hor ee Terrigal, New South Wales Koh waxa uu dhexda ku sii jiray kooxihii taxanaha ahaa, ilaa uu si adag u eryanayay in uu ku dhamaysto kaalinta saddexaad ee lugtii ganaaxa isaga oo dhawr dhibcood ka hor maray Maciej Grabowski ee Poland . Natiijadii ugu fiicnayd ee Koh, si kastaba ha ahaatee, kuma filna in uu gaadho meesha ugu sarraysa ee dhibcaha guud, isaga oo fadhiisiyey soddon iyo lix dhibcood isagoo leh 239 dhibcood. 
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417185338/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ko/koh-seng-leong-1.html &quot;Koh Seng Leong&quot;]

[https://www.thestar.com.my/sport/other-sport/2010/01/06/romzi-gives-hope-for-first-asiad-medal &quot;Romzi waxa ay rajo gelinaysaa billadda Asiad ee ugu horreysa&quot;]

[https://www.sailing.org/news/21144.php#.Xo7D9lMza8p &quot;Bilada lagu Go'aamiyey Mistral iyo Laser&quot;]

[https://www.sailing.org/news/4228.php#.XnxIztMza8q &quot;Seng Leong Koh: Koorsada dib ugu noqo&quot;]

[https://digital.la84.org/digital/collection/p17103coll8/id/51354/rec/23 &quot;Sydney 2000: Shiraac - Ragga 470 Class&quot;]

[https://www.smu.edu.sg/sites/default/files/smu/news_room/smu_in_the_news/2008/sources/ST_20080627_1.pdf &quot;Koh walaalaha ah oo ka mid ah afar ka mid ah ilaa Beijing&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20120728182143/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/sailing/resultsandschedules/rsc%3DSAM004000/standings.html &quot;Beijing 2008: Fasalka Laser-ka Ragga&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://www.singaporeolympics.com/olympians/koh-seng-leong Koh Seng Leong] oo ka tirsan Golaha Olombikada Qaranka ee Singapore

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/92947 Koh Seng Leong] ee Olympedia

[https://web.archive.org/web/20120720160025/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=62661/bio/index.html Seng Leong Koh oo jooga NBC 2008 shabakada Olombikada]

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/seng-leong-koh Seng Leong Koh] oo jooga Olympics.com

[https://web.archive.org/web/20190923103906/https://www.olympic.org/seng-leong-koh Seng Leong Koh] oo jooga Olympic.org (la kaydiyay)

[https://web.archive.org/web/20230126190958/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/seng-leong-koh?ref=SINSK1 Seng Leong Koh]oo ku sugan badmaaxinta Adduunka</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lo Man Yi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43484</id>
    <revision>
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      <parentid>286393</parentid>
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        <id>28368</id>
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      <text bytes="3462" sha1="kemtosi61tnwyirbgknfxboi4jhwreb" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name = Lo Man Yi
| image = 
| imagesize =
| caption = 
| fullname = Lo Man Yi
| nationality = {{SIN}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1988|3|12|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Singapore]]
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| height = {{height|m=1.64|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|57|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| website = 
| country = 
| classes = [[Dinghy]]
| club = Singapore Sailing Federation
| coach = [[Brett Beyer]] (AUS)
| medaltemplates= 
{{MedalSport | Women's [[sailing (sport)|sailing]]}}
{{MedalCountry | Singapore }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Southeast Asian Games]]}}
{{MedalGold | [[2005 Southeast Asian Games|2005 Manila]] | [[Sailing at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games|Laser Radial]]}}
| show-medals = haa
}}
'''Lo Man Yi''' (wuxuu dhashay 12-kii Maarso 1988) waa badmaax hore oo Singapore u dhashay, kaasoo ku takhasusay fasalka Laser Radial Waxay ku qaadatay bilada dahabka ee doonta saxeexeeda ciyaarihii 2005 ee Koonfur-bari Asian ee Manila , Filibiin waxayna aakhirkii u matashay Singapore Olombikada Xagaaga 2008 Lo tababaray dhamaan shaqadeeda isboorti ee Singapore Sailing Federation, iyada oo ay hoos imanayso macalinkeeda gaarka ah Brett Beyer , lix jeer Laser Apprentice Master Master world champions from Australia.

Lo waxa uu u tartamay kooxdii badmareenka ee reer Singapore, isagoo 20 jir ah, fasalkii ugu horreeyay ee Laser Radial ee Ciyaaraha Olombikada Xagaaga ee 2008 ee Beijing . Dhowr bilood ka hor, iyada ayaa laga doortay qofka kootada ah Elizabeth Yin si ay u xidho kaalinta ugu sareysa ee Laser Radial ee Ciyaaraha, iyadoo lagu salaynayo wax qabadkeeda taxane ah oo regattas caalami ah oo ay ansixisay Xiriirka Shiraaca ee Singapore Lo waxa ay ku adkaysatay inta badan tartamada oo leh dhibco dhexdhexaad ah, ka hor inta aysan helin kalsooni ay ku garaacdo inta kale ee badmaaxiinta booska saddexaad ee lugta ugu dambeysa. Natiijadii ugu fiicnayd Lo, si kastaba ha ahaatee, kuma filna in ay sare u kacdo dhanka sare ee dhibcaha, iyada oo fadhida booska shan iyo labaatanaad oo leh darajada saafiga ah ee 148.
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418061340/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/lo/lo-man-yi-1.html &quot;Lo Man Yi&quot;]

[https://www.smu.edu.sg/sites/default/files/smu/news_room/smu_in_the_news/2008/sources/ST_20080627_1.pdf &quot;Koh walaalaha ah oo ka mid ah afar ka mid ah ilaa Beijing&quot;]

[https://www.straitstimes.com/sport/beyer-a-steady-sail-for-spore-sailors &quot;Olimbikada: Rikoorka tababarenimo ee Brett Beyer wuxuu caddeeyaa shiraaca joogtada ah ee badmaaxiinta Singapore&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20120728182004/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/sailing/resultsandschedules/rsc%3DSAW103000/standings.html &quot;Beijing 2008: Fasalka Radial-ka Laser-ka ee Haweenka&quot;]  Laga kaydiyay [http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/sailing/resultsandschedules/rsc=SAW103000/standings.html asalka] 28 Luulyo 2012 - 5 Sebtembar 2013

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20241227212929/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/man-yi-lo?ref=SINML2 Lo Man Yi]badmareenada Adduunka 

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/man-yi-lo Lo Man Yi] ee Olympics.com

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/117778 Lo Man Yi] ee Olympedia

[https://www.singaporeolympics.com/olympians/lo-man-yi Lo Man Yi] oo jooga Golaha Olombikada Qaranka ee Singapore

[https://web.archive.org/web/20120720153737/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=62285/bio/index.html Lo Man Yi oo jooga NBC 2008 shabakada Olombikada]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Susana Romero</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="3397" sha1="fids5k2cd76641lskam5mw16bqsls4h" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name = Susana Romero
| image = 
| imagesize =
| caption = 
| fullname = Susana Romero Steensma
| nationality = {{ESP}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1990|9|5|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Las Palmas]], [[Gran Canaria]], Spain
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| height = {{height|m=1.73|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|64|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| website = 
| country = 
| classes = [[Dinghy]]
| club = Real Club Nautico de Gran Canaria
| coach = Manuel Pazos&lt;br&gt;Santi López-Vázquez
| medaltemplates= 
{{MedalSport | Women's [[sailing (sport)|sailing]]}}
{{MedalCountry | Spain }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Mediterranean Games]]}}
{{MedalBronze | [[2009 Mediterranean Games|2009 Pescara]] | Laser Radial}}
| show-medals = haa
}}
'''Susana Romero Steensma''' (waxay dhalatay 5 Sebtembar 1990) waa badmaax hore oo Isbaanish ah, oo ku takhasusay fasalka Radial Laser . Waxay u matashay dalkeeda Spain Ciyaaraha Olombikada Xagaaga 2008 waxayna aakhirkii ku heshay bilad maar ah ciyaarihii Mediterranean 2009 ee Pescara , Italy Romero waxay ku tababartay macalinkeeda gaarka ah Santi López-Vázquez, iyadoo si tartame ah ugu dhoofaysa Gran Canaria Royal Nautical Club ( Isbaanish : Real Club Nautico de Gran Canaria ). 

Romero waxa uu u tartamay kooxda badmareenada Isbaanishka, isaga oo 17 jir ah, fasalka ugu horeeyay ee Laser Radial ee Ciyaaraha Olombikada Xagaaga ee 2008 ee Beijing . Waxay ku sareysay qiimeynta qaranka iyadoo cidhifka 19-dhibcood ka sareysa Alicia Cebrián si ay u xirto booska Laser Radial ee Ciyaaraha, iyadoo ku saleysan waxqabadkeeda seddexda doorasho ee la kulmayo ee ay ansixiyeen Xiriirka Boqortooyada Isbaanishka ee Sailing Romero ayaa si raaxo leh ku bilowday iyada oo tobanka sare ee ugu sarreeya ee calaamadda labaad, laakiin waxay si joogto ah u luminaysay xawligeeda dhinaca dhexe ee kooxda inta ka hartay taxanaha, iyada oo fadhida booska kow iyo labaatanaad oo leh darajada saafiga ah ee 127. 
==Tixraac==
[https://as.com/masdeporte/2009/07/04/polideportivo/1246658411_850215.html &quot;Susana Romero, medalla de bronce tras la suspensión de la última jornada&quot;]

[https://www.eldiario.es/canariasahora/deportes/Susana-Romero-Mundo-Laser-Radial_0_156435140.html &quot;Susana Romero, subcampeona del Mundo en Láser Radial juvenil&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20120728182004/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/sailing/resultsandschedules/rsc%3DSAW103000/standings.html &quot;Beijing 2008: Fasalka Radial-ka Laser-ka ee Haweenka&quot;]

[https://www.eurosport.es/vela/juegos-olimpicos/2008/discreta-marca_sto1670255/story.shtml &quot;Discreta marca&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20241215065009/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/susana-romero-steensma?ref=ESPSR2 Susana Romero Steensma]oo ku sugan badmaaxinta Adduunka

[https://web.archive.org/web/2/https://web.coe.es/COE/bd_perso.nsf/VBusqDeport/995e721edaf021a6c1257157002fdbb3 Susana Romero Steensma] oo ku taal Comité Olímpico Español (Isbaanish)

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/susana-romero Susana Romero] ee Olympics.com

[https://web.archive.org/web/20210416110139/https://www.olympic.org/susana-romero Susana Romero] ee Olympic.org (la kaydiyay)

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/117776 Susana Romero] iyo Olympedia

[https://web.archive.org/web/20120720162852/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=62437/bio/index.html Susana Romero oo joogta NBC 2008 shabakada Olombikada]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Allan Julie</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43496</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311810</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="4507" sha1="bo7vpynr2ae76dx4te5l39c6j8iphvb" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| image          = 
| image_size     =
| caption        = 
| nationality    = {{SEY}}
| birth_date     = {{birth date and age|1977|3|23|df=yes}}
| birth_place    = [[Victoria, Seychelles|Victoria]], Seychelles
| death_date     = 
| death_place    = 
| height         = {{height|m=1.80|abbr=on}}
| weight         = {{convert|80|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| website        = 
| country        = 
| classes        = [[Laser (dinghy)|Laser]]
| club           = Seychelles Yachting&lt;br&gt;Association
| medaltemplates = 
{{MedalSport | Men's [[sailing (sport)|sailing]]}}
{{MedalCountry | {{SEY}} }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[All-Africa Games]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2011 All-Africa Games|2007 Algiers]] | [[Sailing at the 2011 All-Africa Games|Laser]] }}
| show-medals = haa
}}
'''Allan Julie''' (wuxuu dhashay 23-kii Maarso 1977) waa badmaax Laser ah oo ka yimid Seychelles. Julie waa cayaaryahan shan jeer ah Olimbikada, iyo billad dahab ah isla fasalka badmaaxiinta ee 2011 All-Africa Games ee Maputo, Mozambique .
==Xirfad==
Julie wuxuu u saftay kulankiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay ee Olimbikada Xagaaga 1996 ee Atlanta , Georgia, halkaas oo uu ku tartamay fasalka laysarka ee furan . Waxa uu kaalinta 30-aad ka galay lix iyo konton badmaax oo ka mid ah badmaaxiinta tartanka hordhaca ah, isaga oo helay dhibco dhan 305 Ciyaarihii Olombikada xagaaga ee 2000 ee Sydney , Julie waxay ku guulaysatay natiijadii ugu fiicnayd ee dhoofinta, markii uu ku dhameystay labaatan iyo siddeedaad isla fasalka , hoos u dhigista dhibcihiisa 203 dhibcood
Ciyaaraha Olombikada Xagaaga ee 2004 ee Athens, Julie waxay noqotay calanka qaranka ee xafladda furitaanka ee xubinta ugu khibradda badan Waxa uu dhigay labaatan iyo afartan badmaaxiin ah fasalka laysarka ee furan lix dhibcood oo ka weyn rikoorkiisa Roope Suomalainen ee Finland, isagoo helay dhibcihiisii ​​ugu fiicnaa ee 166
Laba iyo toban sano kadib markii uu ku tartamay Olombigiisii ​​ugu horeeyay, Julie waxa ay u qalantay kooxdiisii ​​afraad ee Seychelles isaga oo 31 jir ah, ciyaarihii Olombikada Xagaaga ee 2008 ee Beijing, iyada oo dhamaysatay afartan iyo sagaalaad oo ay boos ka heshay 2007 ISAF Sailing World Championships ee Cascais , Portugal. Waxa uu kaalinta sodon-labaad ka soo baxay afartan iyo saddex badmaax ee tartanka horudhaca ah ee fasalka Laser-ka ee ragga , isaga oo saddex dhibcood ka gaaban rikoorkiisa Guatemala Juan Ignacio Maegli , isaga oo dhaliyay 203 dhibcood
Julie ayaa seegtay u soo bixitaanka Olombikada Xagaaga ee 2012 , laakiin afar sano ka dib waxa uu u wareegay doonta Fin , waxaana u suurtagashay in uu u soo baxo ka dib markii uu kaliya ku soo bilaabay doonidiisa cusub laba toddobaad ka hor finalka isreebreebka Olombikada Afrika. Fasalka Finn ee Olombikada Julie ayaa ku dhameysatay kaalinta 23aad.
Intii uu ku jiray xirfadiisa Julie waxaa loo magacaabay Seychelles Sportsman of the Year rikoor lix jeer
==Tixraac==
[http://www.sailing.org/news/12426.php &quot;Koonfur Afrika, Tunisia iyo Seychelles ayaa abaal-marin heersare ah ka helay dhammaan ciyaaraha Afrika&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417182439/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1996/SAI/mixed-one-person-dinghy.html &quot;Natiijooyin isku dhafan oo hal qof ah&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417185350/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2000/SAI/mixed-one-person-dinghy.html &quot;Natiijooyin isku dhafan oo hal qof ah&quot;]

[http://www.nation.sc/index.php?art=440 &quot;Allan Julie, calanka Seychelles]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Tobnaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

[https://web.archive.org/web/20160917175447/https://www.rio2016.com/en/sailing-standings-sa-finn-men &quot;Halka ugu dambeeya ee Finn&quot;] 

[http://www.nation.sc/article.html?id=248227 &quot;Abaalmarinta Ciyaaraha 2015&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20250124011505/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/allan-julie?ref=SEYAJ1 Allan Julie]World Sailing 

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/allen-julie Allan Julie] oo jooga Olympics.com

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/62532 Allan Julie] ee Olympedia

[https://web.archive.org/web/20120826144353/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=62648/bio/index.html Allan Julie oo jooga NBC 2008 shabakada Olombikada xagaaga ee Beijing]
{{s-start}}
{{s-sports|oly}}
{{succession box
| before = [[Benjamin Lo-Pinto]]
| title = [[List of flag bearers for Seychelles at the Olympics|Flagbearer]] for {{SEY}}
| years = [[2004 Summer Olympics|Athens 2004]]
| after = [[Georgie Cupidon]]
}}
{{s-end}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Haris Papadopoulos</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43501</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311890</id>
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      <text bytes="2622" sha1="trnuajw2a4lai8iy884zyv9ivwax2sc" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name           = Haris Papadopoulos
| image          = 
| imagesize      =
| caption        = 
| nationality    = {{CYP}}
| birth_date     = {{birth date and age|1983|10|26|df=yes}}
| birth_place    =
| death_date     = 
| death_place    = 
| height         = {{height|m=1.89|abbr=on}}
| weight         = {{convert|90|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| website        = 
| country        = 
| classes        = [[Laser (dinghy)|Laser]], [[Finn (dinghy)|Finn]]
| club           = Famagusta Nautical Club
| medaltemplates = 
| show-medals    = yes
}}
'''Haris Papadopoulos''' ( Giriig : Χάρης Παπαδόπουλος ; ku dhashay 26 Oktoobar 1983) waa badmaax badmaax ah oo Qubrus ah, kaas oo ku takhasusay fasallada Laser iyo Finn Laga bilaabo Oktoobar 2012, wuxuu ku jiraa lambarka 1-aad. 50 adduunka oo loogu talagalay fasalka Finnishka ee Xiriirka Badbaadinta Caalamiga ah .

Papadopoulos waxa uu kulankiisii ​​ugu horeeyay ee rasmiga ah u saftay 2004tii Olombikada Xagaaga ee Athens , halkaas oo uu siddeed iyo labaatanaad ka saaray afartan iyo laba badmaaxiin ee fasalka laysarka hal dhibic ka gaaban rikoorkiisa Bernard Luttmer ee Canada, isagoo helay dhibco saafi ah oo ah 244.

Afar sano ka dib markii uu ku tartamay Olombigiisii ​​ugu dambeeyay, Papadopoulos wuxuu u qalmay kooxdii labaad ee Qubrus, isagoo 24 jir ah, Ciyaaraha Olombikada Xagaaga ee 2008 ee Beijing , isagoo sagaal iyo labaatanaad ka galay Finn Gold Cup ee Melbourne, Australia Waxa uu dhigay 22-ilbiriqsi ee tartamada horudhaca ah ee fasalka Finnishka ah , isagoo saddex dhibcood ka weyn rikoorkiisa Ireland Tim Goodbody , isagoo dhaliyay dhibco 115 ah. 
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418092357/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/pa/kharis-papadopoulos-1.html &quot;Haris Papadopoulos&quot;]

[http://www.sail-world.com/USA/Ainslie-snatches-lead-at-Finn-Worlds/41115 &quot;Slater wuxuu xukumayaa maalinta koowaad ee Finn Gold Cup&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20140105141234/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/sailing/resultsandschedules/rsc%3DSAX002000/standings.html &quot;Ragga Finnishka ah&quot;] Ciyaaraha Olombikada NBC 

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20250124002141/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/haris-papadopoulos?ref=CYPHP2 Haris Papadopoulos]oo ku sugan

badmaaxinta Adduunka ()

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/haris-papadopoulos Haris Papadopoulos] ee Olympics.com

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/104101 Haris Papadopoulos] ee Olympedia

[https://web.archive.org/web/20120826145703/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=62326/bio/index.html NBC 2008 astaanta Olombikada]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Colin Beashel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43505</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311853</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-07T22:39:13Z</timestamp>
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        <id>28368</id>
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      <text bytes="2850" sha1="7qrsf54s7uasrh4m6gzgyj4xymfnkc6" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| name           = 
| image          = 
| image_size     = 
| caption        = 
| birth_name     = 
| fullname       = Colin Kenneth Beashel
| nickname       = 
| nationality    = 
| birth_date     = {{Birth date and age|1959|11|21|df=yes}}
| birth_place    = [[Sydney]], [[New South Wales]]
| death_date     = 
| death_place    = 
| height         = 181 cm
| weight         = 87 kg
| classes        = 
| club           = [[Royal Prince Alfred Yacht Club]]
| collegeteam    = 
| coach          = 
| medaltemplates = 
{{MedalSport | [[Sailing (sport)|Sailing]] }}
{{MedalCountry | {{AUS}} }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Sailing at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] }}
{{MedalBronze | [[1996 Summer Olympics|1996 Atlanta]] | [[Sailing at the 1996 Summer Olympics|Star class]] }}
| show-medals    = yes
| updated        = 
}}
'''Colin Kenneth Beashel''' (wuxuu dhashay 21 Noofambar 1959) waa badmaax Australian ah kaasoo ka mid ahaa kooxdii ku guuleysatay Koobka Ameerika ee Australia II 1983 wuxuuna ku tartamay lix Olombikada intii u dhaxeysay 1984 iyo 2004, isagoo ku guuleystay naxaas 1996. Wuxuu si wada jir ah ula tartamay badmareenkii Brazil Torben Grael , lixdii badmaaxyadii Olombikada . Wuxuu ka caawiyay tartanka Australia 1992 Louis Vuitton Cup .

Wuxuu ku dhashay Sydney , Beahel wuxuu ka yimid qoys badmaax ah. Aabihiis Ken waa halyeey maxalli ah oo badmaaxa. Walaalkii Adam waxa uu badmareen u ahaa Kooxda New Zealand ee Koobka Ameerika sannadihii 2003 , 2007 iyo 2013 Xaaskii Adam Lanee Butler waxa ay ku dhooftay afar Olombikada. 
Beashel wuxuu ku tartamay Olombikada ee labada qof ee keelboat, Richard Coxon ee 1984, Gregory Torpy 1988, iyo David Giles 1992 ilaa 2004.
Isaga iyo Giles waxay sidoo kale ku guuleysteen Horyaalkii Adduunka ee 1998 ee fasalka Star Hadda waxa uu maamulaa dukaanka doomaha qoyska ee Elvina Bay , Pittwater .
==Tixraac==
[http://www.abc.net.au/olympics/2004/profiles/colin_beashel.htm &quot;Rio Olympics 2016 (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)&quot;] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110715230414/http://sailinganarchy.com/rumors/rumors_arch2003.htm &quot;Xanta iyo Beenta 2003 Kaydka&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110530095101/http://www.ussailing.org/olympics/OlympicGames/2004/MistralWomen/Lanee.asp &quot;Lanee Butler Beashel&quot;] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417164922/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/be/colin-beashel-1.html &quot;Colin Beashel&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20250123214410/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/colin-beashel?ref=AUSCB8 Colin Beashel]oo ku sugan badmaaxinta Adduunka

[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/colin-beashel Colin Beashel] oo jooga Olympics.com

[https://www.olympics.com.au/olympians/colin-beashel/ Colin Beashel] oo ka tirsan guddiga Olombikada Australia

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/61276 Colin Beashel]  Olympedia</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lanee Butler</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43506</id>
    <revision>
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      <text bytes="2257" sha1="9n0idohxfuvp09i6mtwzgk19ijunu2n" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sailor
| image          = 
| caption        = 
| full_name      = Lanee Butler-Beashel
| nickname       = Carrie
| birth_date     = {{Birth date and age|June 3, 1970}}
| birth_place    = [[Manhasset, New York]], U.S.
| height         = 164 cm
| weight         = 56 kg
| classes        = [[Mistral (class)|Mistral]], [[Lechner (class)|Lechner]]
| club           = 
| collegeteam    = 
| coach          = 
| show-medals    = yes
| medaltemplates = 
{{MedalSport | [[Sailing (sport)|Sailing]] }}
{{MedalCountry | {{USA}} }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Pan American Games]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[1991 Pan American Games|1991 Havana]] | [[Sailing at the 1991 Pan American Games|Women's Lechner]] }}
{{MedalBronze | [[1995 Pan American Games|1995 Mar Del Plata]] | [[Sailing at the 1995 Pan American Games|Women's Lechner]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[1999 Pan American Games|1999 Winnipeg]] | [[Sailing at the 1999 Pan American Games|Women's Mistral]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[2003 Pan American Games|2003 Santo Domingo]] | [[Sailing at the 2003 Pan American Games|Women's Mistral]] }}
}}
'''Lanee “Carrie” Butler-Beashel''' (wuxuu ku dhashay Juun 3, 1970, Manhasset, New York ) waa dabaysha dabaysha ee Mareykanka . Waxay ku tartamay afar Olympics laga bilaabo 1992 ilaa 2004 Booskeeda ugu fiican wuxuu ahaa afraad 2000.

Waxay guursatay badmaaxihii Koobka Ameerika Adam Beashel . Walaalkeed waa lix jeer Olympian Colin Beashel . Iyada iyo Adam waxay leeyihiin laba wiil, waxay dhasheen 2005 iyo 2008.
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418023454/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/bu/carrie-butler-beashel-1.html &quot;Carrie Butler-Beashel&quot;] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417185356/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2000/SAI/womens-windsurfer.html &quot;Ka dhoofinta Ciyaaraha Xagaaga ee Sydney 2000&quot;]

[http://www.latitude38.com/letters/201003.html &quot;Latitude 38 Xarfaha - Maarso 2010&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20250124015709/https://www.sailing.org/sailor/lanee-beashel?ref=USALB7 Lanee Beashel]oo ku taal Badmareenka Adduunka 

[https://www.sailing.org/sailor/lanee-butler?ref=USALB39 Lanee Butler]  Badmareenka Adduunka

[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/60920 Carrie Butler-Beashel] ee Olympedia</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Seyi Oyesola</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43533</id>
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      <text bytes="5416" sha1="kh1t4fdqxcyvpe7h7u5rp5nrvujzune" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Seyi Oyesola
| birth_name         = Babaseyi Oyesola
| birth_date         = January 1960
| image              = File:Seyi Oyesola.jpg
| caption            = Seyi Oyesola
| citizenship        = Nigeria
| alma_mater         = [[Jaamacadda Lagos]]
| website            = [http://icuspecialists.com/staff/seyi-oyesola/ Seyi Oyesola]
| occupation         = [[Medical doctor|Doctor]]
}}
'''Seyi Oyesola''' waa dhakhtar reer Nigeria ah, kaas oo wax ka sameeyay &quot;isbitaal ku jira sanduuq&quot;.

Dr. Oyesola oo ka dheregsan cisbitaallada oo had iyo jeer agabkoodu gabaabsi yahay una nugul maqnaanshaha, Dr. Oyesola waxay wada ikhtiraaceen cusbitaal sanduuq ku jira, cusbitaal yar oo ay ku shaqeeyaan tamarta cadceedda ama ka maqan iyo gebi ahaanba guurguura.
==Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada==
Waxa uu ku dhashay Babaseyi Oyesola laakiin caan ku ah Dr. Seyi Oyesola. Oyesola wuxuu ku dhashay Nigeria laakiin wuxuu ku koray Cleveland, iyo USA. 1975 ayuu ka qalin jabiyay dugsiga sare wuxuuna u dhaadhacay dalka Nigeria halkaas oo uu ka qaatay shahaadada koowaad ee jaamacadda Lagos 1986 .
==Xirfad==
Dr. Seyi Oyesola ayaa mar kale ku soo laabtay Nigeria, gurigiisa asalka ah ee 2015, si uu ugu tababarto Laakiin bal eeg, xaaladda isbitaallada bulshada iyo xarumaha caafimaadka ayaa niyad-jab ku riday markii dadku ay u dhinteen cudurro fudud oo la daweyn karo oo la maarayn karo sida dhaawacyada, gubashada iyo wadne xanuunka. Halkaas waxaa ka bilaabmay hal-abuurnimada horumarinta waaxda caafimaadka ee dalka. Wuxuu damcay inuu naftiisa badbaadiyo oo wuxuu dib u soo celiyay beelihii isaga siiyay, dhaxalkiisii. Dr. Seyi wuxuu ka soo shaqeeyay Jaamacadda Lagos halkaas oo uu u kacay inuu hoggaamiyo koox dhakhaatiir ah oo da'yar oo suuxinta
Dr Oyesola waxaa loo magacaabay la taliyaha Isbitaalka Medway Maritime ee UK Sannadkii 1998-kii, wuxuu ku biiray Jaamacadda California, Los Angeles oo ah kaaliyaha borofisar booqasho 1999, wuxuu noqday lataliye suuxinta iyo daryeelka halista ah ee Adeegga Caafimaadka Qaranka UK (NHS). Waxa kale oo uu bare ka ahaa xarunta jilitaanka caafimaadka ee Kulliyadda Caafimaadka ee Imperial College ee 2001
Hadda, Dr. Seyi Oyesola waa Madaxa Caafimaadka ee Isbitaalka Waxbarasho ee Jaamacadda Gobolka Delta (DELSUTH) ee Nigeria. Dhakhtarkan la yaabka leh ayaa taariikhda abuuray markii Kooxdiisa caafimaadku ay ku sameeyeen kelyaha beddelka kelyaha ee ugu horreeya ee xarunta 2014 Waxa uu ka shaqeynayay in ka badan 25 sano baahida gaarka ah ee suuxinta iyo daryeelka muhiimka ah, keenaya hal-abuurnimo, horumarinta qalab caafimaad oo heer sare ah iyo tababaro isbitaallada Afrika iyo sidoo kale booqday isbitaallada miyiga.
Mid ka mid ah wax-qabadkiisii ​​ugu fiicnaa ee uu ku soo kordhiyey dhaq-dhaqaaqyada caafimaadka ayaa ahaa wada-shaqaynta &quot; isbitaal ku jira sanduuq &quot; oo lagu magacaabo CompactOR (Qolka Hawlgelinta ee Compact) ee 2007 . Qalabkan sixirka ah ayaa ahaa mid la qaadi karo waxaana lagu geyn karaa dhulka miyiga ah iyo meelaha kale iyadoo wata jeep ama helikobter. Sifooyin kale oo cajiib ah oo ka mid ah &quot;cisbitaalka sanduuqa&quot; ayaa ahaa in lagu rakibi karo toban daqiiqo oo keliya oo leh qol qalliin oo dhamaystiran oo leh dhammaan qalabka qalliinka ee khuseeya oo ay ku jiraan qalabyada qalliinka, kormeerka EKG , suuxinta iyo iftiinka qalliinka. Waxa ay ahayd mid cadceedda ku xidhan oo waxa ay samayn kartaa qaliin afka ah sida ka saarista ilkihiisa xigmadda, saarista indhaha indhaha, xameetida iyo lifaaqyada. Warbixinadu waxay sheegayaan in &quot;isbitaal ku jira sanduuq&quot; si guul leh loo isticmaalay. Qiimaha lagu qiyaasay ee cisbitaalka aasaasiga ah ee sanduuqa ku jira wuxuu ka yaraa £50,000 (qiyaastii US $77,350) taasoo ahayd ilaa shan meelood meel kharashkii loo heli lahaa isla adeegyadaas.
==Guulihii==
*Isku-dubbaridka iyo daabacaadda maqaallada 8 ee daawada 

*Isku-dubaridka horumarinta CompactOR (Qolka hawlgallada is haysta), &quot;isbitaal ku jira sanduuq&quot;

*Asaaskii Ventures Practice ee 1996. Shirkad soo saartay oo siisay qalab caafimaad oo heer sare ah iyo tababar isbitaallada Afrika

*Hadalka TED Global ee lagu guulaystay 2007 ee cusbitaalka sanduuqa
==Xubinimada Ururada Xirfadlayaasha==
*Ururka dhakhaatiirta suuxinta ee Great Britain iyo Ireland

*Royal Society of medicine , Intensive Care Society UK

*Kuliyadda Royal ee Dhakhaatiirta Qalliinka (Suuxinta) Ireland.
==Tixraac==
[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/kent/6085328.stm &quot;Qorraxdu waxay awoodaysaa 'isbitaal-in-a-box'&quot;]

[https://www.pharmanewsonline.com/dr-seyi-oyesola-saving-lives-with-the-magic-box/ &quot;Dr Seyi Oyesola - Badbaadinta nolosha &quot;Sanduuqa Sixirka&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20250411181958/http://icuspecialists.com/staff/seyi-oyesola/ &quot;la taliyayaasha suuxinta iyo daryeelka halista ah (A3C): Seyi Oyesola, B.SC., MBBS, FRCAI, AFICM&quot;]

[https://www.pharmanewsonline.com/dr-seyi-oyesola-saving-lives-with-the-magic-box/ &quot;Dr Seyi Oyesola - Badbaadinta nolosha &quot;Sanduuqa Sixirka&quot;]

[http://hellonaija.ng/people-lifestyle/seyi-oyesola-man-behind-hospital-box/ &quot;SEYI OYESOLA: Ninka Ka Danbeeyey Cisbitaalka Sanduuqa -&quot;]

[http://icuspecialists.com/staff/seyi-oyesola/ &quot;Suuxinta iyo La-taliyayaasha Daryeelka Halis ah (A3C): Seyi Oyesola, B.SC., MBBS, FRCAI, AFICM&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://icuspecialists.com/staff/seyi-oyesola/ |date=20250411181958 }}

[https://www.ted.com/speakers/seyi_oyesola &quot;Seyi Oyesola | Afhayeenka | TED&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bobrisky</title>
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      <text bytes="10038" sha1="1owpcrf0f7onb17onny9fia8a81uzqf" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Bobrisky
| image              = Bobrisky cropped.png
| caption            = Bobrisky dhalashadeeda
| occupation         = Shakhsiga warbaahinta bulshada
| birth_name         = Okuneye Idris Olanrewaju
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1991|08|31}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/bobrisky-laments-over-loss-of-n19m-spent-on-botched-birthday/frms19m.amp|title=Bobrisky laments over loss of N19m spent on botched birthday|website=www.pulse.ng|date=September 2019|access-date=2019-12-09|archive-date=2019-12-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209061559/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/bobrisky-laments-over-loss-of-n19m-spent-on-botched-birthday/frms19m.amp|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| birth_place        = Abuja Nigeria
| alma_mater         = [[Jaamacadda Lagos]]
| years_active       = 2014 ilaa hadda
| website            = 
| nationality        = Nayjeeriyaan
| other_names        = 
}}
'''Okuneye Idris Olanrewaju''' (wuxuu dhashay 31 Agoosto 1991), inta badan loo yaqaan  Bobrisky , waa shakhsiyad warbaahinta bulshada Nigeria . Waa haweenay transgender ah oo caan ku ah joogitaankeeda barnaamijyada warbaahinta bulshada ee Snapchat , TikTok , iyo Instagram .

Bobrisky waxa uu taageerayaal badan ku leeyahay baraha bulshada. Waxay aad ugu muransan tahay warbaahinta bulshada inaysan u hoggaansamin heerarka muxaafidka ah ee Nigeria. Iyadu waa qof muuqda oo jinsiga ah oo aan ku qanacsanayn waddan ay khaniisnimadu sharci darro tahay (eeg xuquuqda LGBTQ ee Nigeria ).
==Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada==
Waxa ay ku dhalatay Okuneye Idris Olarenwaju sanadkii 1991, Bobrisky waxa ay labada dugsi sare ee King iyo Okota High School ka gashay waxbarashadeeda sare, waxaanay ka qalin jabisay shahaadada BSc ee xisaabaadka Jaamacadda Lagos (UNILAG) Bobrisky ayaa si kooban loo xidhay 2011 isaga oo iska dhigaya naag, lagu tilmaamay hab lacag loogu sameeyo khidmadaha jaamacadda, iyo iibinta dharka inta lagu jiro waxbarashada jaamacadda.
==Xirfad iyo sumcad==
Sannadkii 2016, Bobrisky wuxuu ku koray dhagaystayaal badan Snapchat , halkaas oo ay daabacday fiidiyowyada qurxinta oo ay iibisay kiriimyada maqaarka lagu caddeeyo  Falanqeeyayaasha horumarka ayaa ku dhaleeceeyay kor u qaadida iftiinka maqaarka iyo xumaanta  Waxaa lagu waraystay 2019 dokumentiga maqaarka ee ku saabsan midabaynta dumarka Nigeria
On Snapchat, Bobrisky wuxuu sidoo kale soo jiitay dareenka 2016 iyo 2017 isagoo tixraacaya qof jecel oo dadku u maleeyeen inuu yahay nin, inkastoo sharciga Nigeria uu dembi ka dhigayo xiriirka dadka isku jinsiga ah  Waqtigaas, Bobrisky wuxuu caddeeyay inuu yahay nin heterosexual ah oo soo bandhigay muuqaal dumar ah si uu u helo macaamiil badan oo alaab ah Bobrisky wuxuu ka hadlay guurka dadka isku jinsiga ah iyo taageerada sharciga ka dhanka ah khaniisnimada, bayaannada walaaca ka keenay dadka kale ee LGBTQ ee Nigeria 
Bishii Oktoobar 2016, Bobrisky wuxuu ahaa af-hayeen lagu casuumay shir ka dhacay Abuja oo ku saabsanaa isticmaalka baraha bulshada. Kaaliyaha madaxweynaha Nigeria Bashir Ahmad ayaa si fagaare ah uga baxay munaasabadda ka qaybgalka Bobrisky awgeed Bishii Noofambar 2016, Taiwo Kola-Ogunlade , oo ah maamulaha isgaarsiinta iyo xiriirka Google ee Galbeedka Afrika , ayaa sheegay in Bobrisky uu ahaa shaqsiga loogu raadinta badnaa Nigeria 26 Oktoobar ilaa Noofambar ee sanadkaas.
2019, Otunba Olusegun Runsewe, Agaasimaha Guud ee Golaha Qaranka ee Farshaxanka iyo Dhaqanka ee Nigeria, ayaa ugu yeeray Bobrisky &quot;ceeb qaran wuxuuna sheegay in &quot;lala macaamili doono si naxariis darro ah&quot; haddii lagu qabto waddooyinka, sababtoo ah waxa uu ugu yeeray qaab nololeed anshax xumo ah Wuxuu sii waday inuu dhaleeceeyo iyada 2021
Waxay fayras ku gashay TikTok si ay u abuurto qoob ka ciyaarka &quot;Bobrisky&quot; sanadka 2021. lBobrisky wuxuu sidoo kale soo jiitay dareenka iyada oo loo marayo ururadeeda dadka caanka ah ee Nigeria, oo uu ku jiro Tonto Dikeh 
Bishii Luulyo 2021, waxay daaha ka qaaday muuqaal cusub oo jireed ka dib markii lagu sameeyay qaliin si ay u noqoto mid dheddig ah Sannadkii 2025, waxay sheegtay inay hadda tahay &quot;naag wax walba soo martay.
2022, Golaha Wakiilada Nigeria ayaa soo saaray sharci mamnuucaya labiska isdhaafka ah sida wax ka beddelka Xeerka Guurka Isku Galmoodka ah (Mamnuucida) ee 2013 , kaas oo lagu xusay inuu saameyn ku yeelan karo Bobrisky haddii uu meelmaro Bobrisky wuxuu sheegay in aysan saameyn ku yeelan doonin sababtoo ah ma aysan ahayn dharka isgoysyada, tan iyo markii ay samaysay qaliin si ay u noqoto qof dumar ah
Bishii Abriil 2024, VeryDarkMan waxay ka codsatay booliiska inay baaraan iyada oo ku saabsan soo bandhigida dadwaynaha ee khaniisnimada
==Arrimaha sharciga==
===Naafaynta Naira iyo eedeymaha laaluushka ee la xiriira===
Horraantii Abriil 2024, Bobrisky ayaa la xiray ka dib markii lagu eedeeyay inuu jabiyay warqadaha lacagta ee naira , ka dib baaritaan ay sameeyeen guddiga dambiyada dhaqaalaha iyo maaliyadda (EFCC) Eedeymaha ayaa ka yimid muuqaalada warbaahinta bulshada oo u muuqday inay muujinayaan inay lacag ku tuurayso hawada, oo ay ku jirto bandhig filim bishii hore Buufinta lacagtu waa ku badan tahay xafladaha, sharciga ka soo horjeedana si xushmad leh ayaa loo fuliyaa oo marar dhif ah ayuu keenaa in ka badan ganaax. Bobrisky waxa uu galay qirasho afar dacwadood oo ku saabsan ku xadgudubka lacagta 5tii Abriil 2024 Ciqaabta ugu badan ee dembigan waa lix bilood oo xadhig ah 12kii Abriil 2024, Bobrisky waxaa lagu xukumay ugu badnaan lix bilood oo xadhig ah iyada oo aan lahayn ikhtiyaar ganaax ah &quot;ku xadgudubka iyo naafaynta&quot; qoraallada Naira.  Bobrisky waxaa xabsiga laga sii daayay 5 Agoosto 2024
Bishii Sebtembar 2024, VeryDarkMan waxa uu daabacay cod duubis ah oo uu sheegay in ay muujinayso caddaynta ah in Bobrinksy uu laaluushay saraakiisha si ay uga tanaasulaan eedeymaha lacag dhaqida oo ay ugu ogolaato in ay xabsiga ku qabato guri gaar ah Laba sarkaal oo ka tirsan xabsiga ayaa shaqada laga joojiyay inta lagu guda jiro baaritaanka eedeymaha Way diiday sheegashada, guddi baadhiseedkuna wuu diiday eedaymaha bishii Oktoobar 2024 Guddidu waxay sidoo kale ogaatay in Bobrisky la geliyey xabsiga ugu sarreeya ee ammaanku uu ahaa xadgudub ku ah Sharciga Adeegga Asluubta ee Nigeria, sababtoo ah waxay ahayd kaliya dembiilayaal markii ugu horeysay
20kii Oktoobar 2024, Adeegga Socdaalka Nigeria ayaa xidhay Bobrisky iyada oo isku deyaysay in ay ka baxdo dalka iyada oo sii maraysa xadka Seme , sababtuna ay tahay &quot;qof aad u danaynaya arrimaha dhawaanahan khuseeya ee dadweynaha Waxay ku hoyatay habeenkii xabsiga, iyo 21 Oktoobar 2024 waxaa loo wareejiyay Waaxda Dembi-baarista Ciidanka ee Alagbon, Lagos .  EFCC ayaa mar kale xidhay markii ay isku dayday inay u duusho London dhammaadkii Oktoobar, iyada oo sheegtay inay u baahan yihiin inay caddayso eedeymihii ay dhowaan ka soo jeedisay iyaga
Bartamihii Noofambar 2024, Bobrisky wuxuu dacweeyay EFCC ku xad gudubka xuquuqaha aasaasiga ah, oo ay ku jirto inay ku guul daraysatay inay xaqiijiso saxnimada duubista maqalka ee VeryDarkMan ka hor inta aysan u yeerin dhageysi dadweyne oo ku saabsan taas oo dhaawac u geysatay caafimaadkeeda iyo sumcaddeeda Dacwadda Bobrisky waxaa meesha ka saaray Maxkamadda Sare ee Federaalka ee Lagos 28-kii Noofambar 2024. Garsoore Alexander Owoeye ayaa go'aamiyay in Bobrisky &quot;sheegashada ku xadgudubka xuquuqda aasaasiga ah&quot; ay ka maqan tahay mudnaan oo aan lagu taageeri karin &quot;caddayn la aamini karo&quot;.
==Tixraac==
[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c9dyqd1wq6po &quot;Masuuliyiinta xabsiga Nigeria ayaa shaqada laga joojiyey sababo la xiriira xadhiga dadka caanka ah&quot;]

[https://thenet.ng/bobrisky-definitely-nigerias-kim-kardashian/ &quot;Waa maxay sababta Boqorka Snapchat Bobrisky uusan hubaal u ahayn Kim Kardashian ee Nigeria&quot;]

[https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/how-bobrisky-became-an-unlikely-female-style-icon/shfxxke &quot;Sidee Bobrisky u noqday astaan ​​dumar ah oo aan macquul ahayn&quot;]

[https://thenationonlineng.net/pretty-sexy-king-story-bobrisky/ &quot;Boqorka quruxda badan ee sexy: Sheekada Bobrisky]

[https://thenationonlineng.net/bobrisky/ &quot;Bobrisky: Nin u labisan oo u dhaqma sida naag indhaha duufaanka&quot;]

[https://thenativemag.com/bobrisky-nigerian-millennial-deserve/ &quot;Bobrisky waa Kun-sannaddii Nayjeeriya ee aan u qalano&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20170314153505/http://www.reubenabati.com.ng/index.php/featured/item/384-10-nigerian-celebrities-who-became-famous-for-all-the-wrong-reasons-seun-joseph &quot;10 caan ah oo reer Nigeria ah oo caan ku noqday dhammaan sababaha khaldan - Seun Joseph&quot;]

[https://thenet.ng/nigerian-are-upset-with-bobrisky-who-is-speaking-at-a-conference-in-abuja-this-week/ &quot;Dadka Nigeria waxay ka xumaadeen BOBRISKY oo ka hadlaya shir ka dhacaya Abuja toddobaadkan&quot;]

[http://saharareporters.com/2016/10/26/nigeria%E2%80%99s-presidential-aide-withdraws-new-media-conference-after-%E2%80%98male-barbie%E2%80%99-bobrisky &quot;Kaaliyaha Madaxweynaha Nigeria Oo Ka Baxay Shirka Cusub Ee Warbaahinta Kadib Markii &quot;Lab Barbie&quot; Bobrisky Lagu Dhawaaqay Inuu Yahay]

[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/naija-fashion/441423-bobrisky-council-for-arts-dg-runsewe-urges-parents-to-guide-their-children.html &quot;Bobrisky: Golaha Farshaxanka DG, Runsewe, waxay ku boorrisay waalidiinta inay hagaan carruurtooda&quot;]

[https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2024/08/25/bobrisky-showers-praises-on-his-former-best-friend-tonto-dikeh-for-dashing-her-money-while-he-was-in-jail/ &quot;Bobrisky Showers wuxuu ku amaanay saaxiibkiisii ​​​​hore ee ugu fiicnaa, Tonto Dikeh inuu jabiyo lacagteeda intuu xabsiga ku jiray&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2024/08/25/bobrisky-showers-praises-on-his-former-best-friend-tonto-dikeh-for-dashing-her-money-while-he-was-in-jail/ |date=20241227202517 }}

[https://web.archive.org/web/20241130141400/https://newsexpressngr.com/news/244720/court-dismisses-bobriskys-fundamental-rights-suit-against-efcc &quot;Court dismisses Bobrisky's fundamental rights suit against EFCC&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Alli Adeyemi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="1775" sha1="qnnpvy2i9p6w5nagh6tocpvs98wculq" xml:space="preserve">'''Alli Adeyemi''' waa siyaasi reer Nigeria ah. Waxa uu u shaqeeyaa sidii xubin ka wakiil ah Degmada Federaalka ee Mushin ee Gobolka Lagos ee Aqalka 10-aad ee Wakiilada. Waxa uu dhashay 9 Sebtembar 1964, waxa uu ka soo jeedaa Gobolka Lagos oo uu ka qaatay shahaadada Masterka. Waxaa markii ugu horeysay loo doortay Golaha Shacabka doorashadii 2019-kii, waxaana dib loo doortay 2023-kii oo hoos imaanaya Xisbiga All Progressives Congress (APC)
==Tixraac==
[https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/09/09/lawmaker-empowers-mushin-residents-pledges-adequate-representation/ &quot;Xildhibanku waxa uu awood siiyey dadka deegaanka Mushin, waxa uu ballan qaaday in ay matalaan ku filan]

[https://www.citypeopleonline.com/why-my-people-in-mushin-voted-for-me-again/ &quot;Xildhibaan LAGOS, Mudane ADEYEMI ALLI&quot;]

[https://www.thegazellenews.com/news/%F0%9D%97%94%F0%9D%97%B1%F0%9D%97%B2%F0%9D%98%86%F0%9D%97%B2%F0%9D%97%BA%F0%9D%97%B6-%F0%9D%97%94%F0%9D%97%B9%F0%9D%97%B9%F0%9D%97%B6-%F0%9D%97%96%F0%9D%97%B5%F0%9D%97%AE%F0%9D%97%BA%F0%9D%97%BD/ &quot;Adeyemi Alli: Ku Guuleysiga Sababta Dadka Waayeelka ah] {{Wayback|url=https://www.thegazellenews.com/news/%F0%9D%97%94%F0%9D%97%B1%F0%9D%97%B2%F0%9D%98%86%F0%9D%97%B2%F0%9D%97%BA%F0%9D%97%B6-%F0%9D%97%94%F0%9D%97%B9%F0%9D%97%B9%F0%9D%97%B6-%F0%9D%97%96%F0%9D%97%B5%F0%9D%97%AE%F0%9D%97%BA%F0%9D%97%BD/ |date=20250212201335 }}

[https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/adeyemi-taofeek-alli &quot;Citizen Science Nigeria&quot;]

[https://nass.gov.ng/mps/single/49 &quot;Golaha Qaranka | Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka ee Nigeria&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20250119062341/https://orderpaper.ng/voter/10th-national-assembly-member?id=Alli-Adeyemi-Taofik-3038 &quot;Xubnaha Golaha Shacbiga 10-aad - Cod-bixiye - Ansixinta Xafiiska Cod-bixiyayaasha ee matalaadda&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Akpan Ekong Sampson</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="2070" sha1="qgmfbypkcnqu5yh6496vnh54wigaa30" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
| name               = Akpan Ekong Sampson
| birth_date         = 18 September 1967
| birth_place        = [[Akwa Ibom State]], [[Nigeria]]
| nationality        = Nigerian
| occupation         = Siyaasi 
| party              = [[Xisbiga Dimuqraadiga Dadweynaha (Nayjeeriya)|Xisbiga Dimuqraadiga Dadweynaha]]
| office             = Senator
| constituency       = [[Akwa Ibom South senatorial district|Akwa Ibom South District]]
| term_start         = 2023
}}
'''Akpan Ekong Sampson''' waa siyaasi reer Nigeria ah oo ka soo jeeda Gobolka Akwa Ibom , Nigeria . Waxa uu dhashay 18-kii Sebtembar 1967-kii. Waxa uu hadda u shaqaynayaa sidii senator ka wakiil ah degmada Akwa Ibom ee Koonfurta. Waa xubin ka tirsan Xisbiga Dimuqraadiga Shacabka (PDP). 2023, Senator Akpan Ekong Sampson waxaa loo doortay xilli ciyaareedkiisa labaad Aqalka 10aad ee Golaha Qaranka ee Gobolka Akwa Ibom. 

Akpan Ekong Sampson waxa uu sidoo kale soo qabtay jagooyin siyaasadeed oo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan Guddoomiyaha Golaha Deegaanka ee Mkpat Enin , La-taliyaha Gaarka ah, iyo Guddoomiyaha Deegaanka iyo Khayraadka Shidaalka ee Gobolka Akwa Ibom.
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20241211043753/https://orderpaper.ng/voter/10th-national-assembly-member?id=Akpan-Ekong-Sampson-85 &quot;Xubnaha Golaha Shacbiga 10-aad - Cod-bixiye - Ansixinta Xafiiska Cod-bixiyayaasha ee matalaadda&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20241211044650/https://www.voter.ng/candidate?id=4029 &quot;Musharrixiinta - Cod-bixiye - Ansixinta Xafiiska Cod-bixiyayaasha ee matalaadda&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20241211043753/https://orderpaper.ng/voter/10th-national-assembly-member?id=Akpan-Ekong-Sampson-85 &quot;Xubnaha Golaha Shacbiga 10-aad - Cod-bixiye - Ansixinta Xafiiska Cod-bixiyayaasha ee matalaadda&quot;]

[https://currentaffairs.ng/senator/akpan-ekong-sampson/ &quot;Akpan Ekong Sampson&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20241211045907/https://orderpaper.ng/voter/10th-assembly-member-elect?id=AKPAN-EKONG-SAMPSON-85 &quot;Musharrixiinta - Cod-bixiye - Ansixinta Xafiiska Cod-bixiyayaasha ee matalaadda&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wande Abimbola</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="3573" sha1="6jsa2ihrrj9l4hq6m8809u9odyx7qx8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox writer
| honorific_prefix = Chief
| name             = Ògúnwán̄dé Abím̄bọ́lá
| image            = 
| alt              = 
| caption          = 
| birth_date       = {{birth date and age|1932|12|24|df=y}}
| birth_place      = [[Oyo, Oyo|Oyo]], [[British Nigeria]]
| occupation       = [[Religious leader]], [[Jaamacadda professor]] iyo [[Siyaasi]]
| spouse           = 
| relations        = 
| children         = 
| alma_mater       = [[Jaamacadda Ibadan]]
}}
'''Chief Ògúnwán̄dé &quot;Wán̄dé&quot; Abím̄bọ́lá ''' (wuxuu dhashay 24 December 1932) waa aqoonyahan reer Nayjeeriya ah , bare ku takhasusay luuqada iyo suugaanta Yoruba , ahaana gudoomiye ku xigeenkii hore ee jaamacada Ife (hadda Obafemi Awolowo University ). Waxa uu sidoo kale soo noqday Hoggaamiyaha Aqlabiyadda Golaha Guurtida ee Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Nigeria Chief Abimbola waxa loo rakibay sida Àwísese Awo Àgbàyé 1981 by Ooni of Ife on the conclave of Babalawos of Yorubaland . 
==Daraasadaha tacliinta==
Abimbola waxa uu shahaadada koowaad ee taariikhda ka qaatay University College, Ibadan , sannadkii 1963 markaas oo kuliyaddaasi ay ku xidhan tahay Jaamacadda London . Waxa uu shahaadada Masterka ee cilmiga luqadaha ka qaatay Jaamacadda Northwestern , Evanston, Illinois , 1966, iyo Doctorate of Philosophy in Yoruba Literature ee Jaamacadda Lagos 1971 Abimbola wuxuu ahaa kii ugu horreeyay ee PhD ka qalin-jabiyey Jaamacadda Lagos Wuxuu noqday borofisar buuxa 1976
Abimbola waxa uu wax ka dhigay saddex jaamacadood oo Nigeria ah, kuwaas oo kala ah Jaamacadda Ibadan laga bilaabo 1963 ilaa 1965 , Jaamacadda Lagos 1966 ilaa 1972 , iyo Jaamacadda Ife ee 1972 ilaa 1991 Abimbola waxa uu qoray buugaag ku saabsan Ifá iyo dhaqanka Yoruba. Sannadkii 1977-kii, Gabayga Faalista ee Abimbola ee Ifá waxaa daabacay daabacayaasha NOK.
==Tixraac==
[https://punchng.com/i-was-ridiculed-for-returning-home-a-poor-senator-prof-wande-abimbola/ &quot;Waa la igu majaajilooday in aan dalka ku soo laabtay Senator sabool ah -Prof. Wande Abimbola&quot;]

[https://wandeabimbola.com/?page_id=37 &quot;Adeegga Dadweynaha - Professor Wándé Abímbólá&quot;]

[https://famous-scientist.com/linguists-from-nigeria-famous-people/ &quot;Af-yaqaanno u dhashay Nigeria dad caan ah&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://famous-scientist.com/linguists-from-nigeria-famous-people/ |date=20250121232906 }}

[https://wandeabimbola.com/?page_id=86 &quot;Ku saabsan Wándé Abímbólá - Professor Wándé Abímbólá&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20240706150831/http://dawncommission.org/prof-wande-abimbola-awise-awo-agbaye/ &quot;Prof. Wande Abimbola, Awise Awo Agbaye – DAWN Commission&quot;]

[http://dawncommission.org/prof-wande-abimbola-awise-awo-agbaye/ &quot;Prof. Wande Abimbola, Awise Awo Agbaye – DAWN Commission&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://dawncommission.org/prof-wande-abimbola-awise-awo-agbaye/ |date=20240706150831 }}

[https://web.archive.org/web/20240706150831/http://dawncommission.org/prof-wande-abimbola-awise-awo-agbaye/ &quot;Prof. Wande Abimbola, Awise Awo Agbaye – DAWN Commission&quot;]

[https://punchng.com/i-was-ridiculed-for-returning-home-a-poor-senator-prof-wande-abimbola/ &quot;Waa la igu majaajilooday in aan dalka ku soo laabtay Senator sabool ah -Prof. Wande Abimbola&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[http://www.wandeabimbola.com/ Machadka Ifa ee Abimbola]

[http://www.iap-publishers.com/ Iroko Publishers galo] {{Wayback|url=http://www.iap-publishers.com/ |date=20060925165016 }}

[https://www.infoclusts.com/tag/wande-abimbola/ Ogúnwande Abimbólá] {{Wayback|url=https://www.infoclusts.com/tag/wande-abimbola/ |date=20211026000114 }}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Samuel Oye Bandele</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43878</id>
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      <text bytes="5165" sha1="9smb8wc4dkmm8j7j5n28cor8t9z8oi1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix   = Prof.
| name               = Samuel Oye Bandele
| image              =
| image_size         = 200px
| smallimage         = &lt;!--If this is specified, &quot;image&quot; should not be.--&gt;
| alt                = 
| caption            =
| office             = Guddoomiye Ku-xigeenka [[Jaamacadda Anchor]]
| term_start         = 
| term_end           =
| appointed           =
| predecessor        = 
| successor          =
| birth_name         = Samuel Oye Bandele
| birth_place        = [[Ilejemeje]], [[Ekiti State]], Nigeria
| death_date         =  &lt;!-- {{Death date and age|df=y|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} --&gt;
| nationality        = [[Nigerian]]
| spouse             =
| children           =
| occupation         = {{flatlist|
*Aqoonyahan 
*Qoraa
*Writer}}
| profession         = [[Waxbarasho yaqaan]]
| known_for          =
| religion           =
| awards             =  &lt;!-- For civilian awards - appears as &quot;Awards&quot; if | mawards= is not set --&gt;
| module             =
}}
'''Samuel Oye Bandele''' (da'da 63) waa aqoonyahan reer Nigeria ah waana (sida Febraayo 2024) Guddoomiye kuxigeenka Jaamacadda Anchor ee Lagos.
==Xirfad==
Bandele waxa uu soo noqday agaasimaha waxbarashada iyo sidoo kale hormuudka, kuliyada waxbarashada iyo agaasimaha, Agaasinka Barnaamijyada waqti-dhiman ee Jaamacadda Ado-Ekiti. Waxa uu ahaa aasaasaha Xarunta Kombuyuutarka iyo madaxa Waaxda Sayniska Kombiyuutarka ee Kuliyadda Waxbarashada, Ikere-Ekiti, Waxa uu ahaa ku-xigeenka koowaad ee Jaamacadda Waxbarashada, Ikere-Ekiti (TUNEDIK) iyo ka dib Jaamacadda Sayniska iyo Tignoolajiyada Ifaki (USTI), ka hor inta aysan labada Jaamacadood ku biirin Jaamacaddii hore ee Ado-Ekiti si ay u noqdaan Jaamacadda Gobolka Ekiti (EKSU). Sida laga soo xigtay ilo-wareedyo kala duwan oo online ah, waxaa xilkaas ka qaaday Badhasaabka Gobolka Ekiti dabayaaqadii 2018. Sannadkii 2022, waxaa loo magacaabay Ku-xigeenka Ku-xigeenka Jaamacadda Anchor ee Lagos
Waa xubin fulineed oo ka tirsan ururada tacliinta gudaha iyo kuwa caalamiga ah Waxa uu u shaqeeyay sidii tifaftiraha guud ee joornaal badan oo cilmi-nafsi ah oo Nigeria ah wuxuuna aasaasay Ururka Qaranka ee Cilmi-baarista iyo Qiimaynta Waxbarashada (NAERE) .Waxa uu sidoo kale qabtay jagada borofisar booqasho ku ah Kulliyadda Waxbarashada ee Jaamacadda Obafemi Awolowo, Ile- Ife, Nigeria (Abayomi Olaofe).
==Jirka xirfadleyda==
Bandele wuxuu la shaqeeyaa hay'ado badan oo xirfadleyaal ah gudaha iyo dibadda labadaba xisaabta iyo aqoonta kumbuyuutarka oo ay ku jiraan (COL) Hantida Guud ee Waxbarashada, Vancouver, Barashada iyo Barashada Tacliinta Sare (THLE), Singapore, Ururka Manhajka Nigeria (CON), Ururka Nigeria ee Barayaasha Xirfadlayaasha (NAPE), Nigeria Education Council (NERA), Ururka Cilmi-baarista Waxbarashada Nigeria (ESAN), Nigeria Ururka Xisaabaadka Gobolka Ondo; Ururka Qaranka ee Cilmi-baarayaasha iyo Qiimaynta Waxbarashada (NAERE) iyo Ururka Kombiyuutarka ee Nigeria (COAN).
==Guulihii==
Bandele waxa uu ka qayb galay shirar caalami ah waxaanu soo bandhigay waraaqo la xidhiidha Qiimaynta waxbarashada, Qiimaynta iyo Xaqiijinta Tayada waxbarida iyo Barashada. 2007dii waxaa loo magacaabay soo jeedinta warqada ugu wanagsan shirkii 12aad ee caalamiga ah ee waxbarashada furneed ee lagu qabtay Cambridge , United Kingdom. Waxa uu ahaa Xidhiidhiyaha mashruuca waxbarashada ee ay maalgaliso UNESCO ee Afrikada Saxaraha ka hooseeya ee horumarinta Jaamacadaha Nigeria. Waxa uu ka mid ahaa shanta macalin ee lagu casuumay 2005tii aduunka oo dhan si ay dib ugu eegaan barnaamijyada kuliyada waxbarashada ee jaamacada Botswana. 2009kii waxa uu ku dhamaystay barnaamijka tababarka maamulka fulinta ee Pretoria, South Africa. waxa uu tababar ku soo qaatay Swaziland iyo Mozambique.
==Nolosha gaarka ah==
Bandele wuxuu guursaday Comfort Titilayo. Waxay leeyihiin afar carruur ah - saddex gabdhood iyo wiil. 
==Tixraac==
[https://independent.ng/afolayan-steps-out-bamdele-steps-in-as-new-anchor-university-vc/ &quot;Afolayan baxay, Bamdele wuxuu u tallaabay sidii Jaamacadda Anchor VC Cusub&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20250517192040/https://www.thehopenewspaper.com/eksu-vcs-removal-didnt-follow-due-process-asuu/ &quot;Ururka Shaqaalaha Waxbarashadda ee Jaamacadaha oo ka cabanaya habka ka saarista&quot;]

[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/02/02/anchor-varsity-appoints-bandele-as-vice-chancellor &quot;Jaamacada Anchor waxay Bandele u magacawday gudoomiye ku xigeenka&quot;]

[https://dailytimesng.com/i-will-continue-travel-wife-says-eksu-vc-bandele/ &quot;Waxaan sii wadi doonaa inaan la safro xaaskeyga kaliya - ayuu yiri EKSU VC, Bandele&quot;]

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
[http://www.eksu.edu.ng/index.php/vice-chancellor-eksu/ &quot;Professor Samuel Oye Bandele, Guddoomiye-ku-xigeenka EKSU -&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eksu.edu.ng/index.php/vice-chancellor-eksu/ |date=20200226015513 }}

[http://www.eksu.edu.ng/index.php/new-vice-chancellor-prof-samuel-oye-bandele-receives-hand-over-notes/ &quot;Guddoomiye-ku-xigeenka cusub, Prof. Samuel Oye Bandele oo helay qoraallo-warbixineed -&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eksu.edu.ng/index.php/new-vice-chancellor-prof-samuel-oye-bandele-receives-hand-over-notes/ |date=20200204031941 }}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Usman Zannah</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43895</id>
    <revision>
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      <text bytes="1783" sha1="i4zp9qdkden1jaqmcbwu6z86h97or01" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder 
| office              = Xubin ka tirsan [[Aqalka Wakiilada ee Nigeria]] kana soo jeeda [[Gobolka Borno]]
| constituency        = Kaga/Gubio/Magumeri
| birth_date          = 15 September 1964
| birth_place         = Borno state
| citizenship         = [[Nigeria]]
| occupation          = Siyaasi 
}}
'''Usman Zannah''' waa siyaasi reer Nigeria ah . Hadda waxa uu u shaqaynayaa sidii xubin ka tirsan golaha wakiilada ee Kaga/Gubio / Magumeri
==Nolosha hore==
Usman Zannah waxa uu ku dhashay Gobolka Borno , taariikhdu markay ahayd 15 Sebtembar 1964.
==Xirfad siyaasadeed==
Ka hor inta aan loo dooran xildhibaan, Usman waxa uu soo shaqeeyay intii u dhaxaysay 1998 ilaa 2000 isagoo noqday guddoomiyaha dawladda hoose ee Magumeri. Waxaa loo magacaabay La-taliyaha Gaarka ah ee Beeraha 2008 ilaa 2010. Waxa uu soo qabtay xilal kale oo ay ka mid yihiin Guddoomiyaha Dawladaha Hoose iyo Arrimaha Emirate-ka, iyo Guddoomiyaha Hawlaha, intii u dhaxaysay 2011 iyo 2018 . madasha xisbiga All Progressive Congress (APC)
Si uu awood ugu yeesho una sugo haqab-beelka cuntada, waxa uu u qaybiyey agabka lagu daweeyo dadka uu soo doortay.
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20250219172057/https://orderpaper.ng/voter/10th-national-assembly-member?id=Usman-Zannah-1662 &quot;Xubnaha Golaha Shacbiga 10-aad - Cod-bixiye - Ansixinta Xafiiska Wakiilada ee Cod-bixiyayaasha&quot;]

[https://www.nass.gov.ng/mps/single/201 &quot;Golaha Qaranka | Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka ee Nigeria&quot;]

[https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/usman-zannah &quot;Citizen Science Nigeria&quot;]

[https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/03/5000-civilian-jtf-hunters-others-gets-palliatives-from-zannah/amp/ &quot;Borno: 5,000 oo qoys oo madax ah, qaar kalena waxay ka helaan dawooyinka fududeeya xildhibaan Zannah&quot;]</text>
      <sha1>i4zp9qdkden1jaqmcbwu6z86h97or01</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Michael Etaba</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43906</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311959</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-08T01:05:39Z</timestamp>
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        <id>28368</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="956" sha1="cc2zgcgtzdkqa6ba606efwjertz817p" xml:space="preserve">'''Michael Irom Etaba''' (wuxuu dhashay 16 Sebtembar 1982) waa siyaasi reer Nigeria ah . Waa xubin ka wakiil ah Deegaanka Obubra/Etung ee Aqalka Wakiilada . 
==Nolosha hore iyo xirfad siyaasadeed==
Michael Etaba waxa uu dhashay 6 Sebtembar 1982 waxana uu ka soo jeedaa Gobolka Cross River . Sannadkii 2015-kii, waxa uu xilka kala wareegay John Owan Enoh , waxaana loo doortay Golaha Wakiillada ee hoos yimaada Xisbiga All Progressives Congress (APC). Waxaa dib loo doortay 2019 wuxuuna sii ahaanayaa sharci-dejiye federaal ah ilaa maanta.
==Tixraac==
[https://nass.gov.ng/mps/single/300 &quot;Golaha Qaranka | Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka ee Nigeria&quot;]

[https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/michael-irom-etaba Citizen Science Nigeria&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20241229202603/https://constrack.ng/legislator_details?id=1203 &quot;Faahfaahinta Sharci-dejiye - ConsTrack Track and Report ku saabsan Mashaariicda ay Dawladdu Maalgeliso ee Nigeria&quot;]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ossai Nicholas Ossai</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43912</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311976</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-08T01:44:51Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="1669" sha1="jev69h3228r54wnxr7kcv7o8yinf7gv" xml:space="preserve">'''Ossai Nicholas Ossai''' waa siyaasi reer Nigeria ah . Waxa uu ahaa xubin matalaya deegaanka Ndokwa East/Ndokwa West/Ukwuani Constituency ee Aqalka Wakiilada .
==Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada==
Ossai Nicholas Ossai waxa uu dhashay 4 November 1963 waxana uu ka soo jeedaa Gobolka Delta . Waa xaas leh caruur. Waxbarashadiisii ​​hoose waxa uu ku qaatay Dugsiga Hoose dhexe ee Magaalada Abakaliki, 1980-kiina waxa uu qaatay Shahaadada Dugsiga Koowaad (FSLC). Wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay CMS Grammar School, Lagos 1988 wuxuuna shahaadada koowaad ee jaamacadda 1997 ka qaatay Jaamacadda Nigeria, Nsukka .
==Xirfad==
2011-kii, waxaa markii ugu horreysay loo doortay xubin matalaya deegaanka Ndokwa East/Ndokwa West/Ukwuani Federal Constituency. Waxaa dib loo doortay 2015, iyo 2019, isagoo markii saddexaad noqday xildhibaan federaal ah oo hoos yimaada barnaamijka xisbiga Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). Waxaa ku guuleystey Nnamdi Ezechi 2023 Wuxuu u shaqeeyay sidii Guddoomiyaha Golaha, Kulliyadda Waxbarashada, Agbor, Delta State, wuxuuna xubin ka ahaa Golaha Aqalka Sare ee Gobolka Delta.
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20250102154413/https://constrack.ng/legislator_details?id=90 &quot;Faahfaahinta Sharci-dejiye - ConsTrack Track and Report ku saabsan Mashaariicda ay Dawladdu Maalgeliso ee Nigeria&quot;]

[https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/ossai-nicholas-ossai &quot;Citizen Science Nigeria&quot;]

[https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/ossai-hon-nicholas-ossai/ &quot;OSSAI, Hon. Nicholas Ossai&quot;]

[https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/16736/hon-nicholas-ossai &quot;Hon. Nicholas Ossai taariikh nololeedka, qiimaha saafiga ah, da'da, qoyska, xiriirka &amp; sawirka&quot;]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ochiglegor Idagbo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43913</id>
    <revision>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="1654" sha1="6lm57v5ygl32cm45c65pery8mkz2eaq" xml:space="preserve">'''Ochiglegor Idagbo''' (Ochiglegor Legor Idagbo) waa siyaasi reer Nigeria ah . Waxa uu ahaa xubin ka wakiil ah deegaanka Obudu/Bekwarra/Obanliku ee Aqalka Wakiilada 
==Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada==
Ochiglegor Idagbo waxa uu dhashay 10 Noofambar 1971 waxana uu ka soo jeedaa Gobolka Cross River .
==Xirfad siyaasadeed==
2015-kii, waxaa loo doortay xubin matalaya Degmadda Federaalka ee Obudu/Bekwarra/Obanliku. Waxaa dib loo doortay 2019 mar labaad, wuxuuna soo noqday guddoomiyaha guddiga aqalka arrimaha gudaha
==Tixraac==
[https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/ochiglegor-legor-idagbo &quot;Citizen Science Nigeria&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20241230032837/https://constrack.ng/legislator_details?id=80 &quot;Faahfaahinta Xeer-dejinta - ConsTrack Track and Report ku saabsan Mashaariicda ay Dawladdu Maalgeliso ee Nigeria&quot;]

[https://thesun.ng/childrens-day-2020-rt-hon-legor-idagbo-celebrates-the-children-of-his-constituency-pledges-to-promote-their-welfare/ &quot;Maalinta Carruurta 2020:&quot; Rt. Mudane. Legor Idagbo Oo U Dabaal Degay Caruurta Deegaankiisa; Ballanqaadyo Kor loogu qaadayo Daryeelkooda&quot;]

[https://thenationonlineng.net/akpama-why-legor-should-return-to-nass-in-2023/ &quot;Akpama: Waa maxay sababta Legor uu ugu laabanayo NASS 2023 | Qaranka&quot;]

[https://transportday.com.ng/rep-proposes-repeal-of-export-promotion-council-decree/ &quot;Xildhibaanku wuxuu soo jeedinayaa in la baabi'iyo wareegtada Golaha Horumarinta Dhoofinta&quot;]

[https://crossriverwatch.com/2017/10/political-agitations-legor-makes-special-reps-ad-hoc-committee/ &quot;Dhibaatada Siyaasadeed: Legor Wuxuu Sameeyay Wakiil Gaar Ah Guddi Ku Meel Gaar Ah - CrossRiverWatch&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Chidinma</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="5088" sha1="dd6bdd46zko5isfyxut4al1eyac1y3s" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist
| name             = Chidinma
| image            = Chidinma Ekile.jpg
| image_size       = 
| landscape        = &lt;!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank --&gt;
| alt              = 
| caption          = 
| birth_name       = Chidinma Ekile
| alias            = &lt;!-- Only official stage names other than Chidinma can appear here; please do not add Ms. Kedike to this field --&gt;
| birth_date       = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1991|05|02}}
| birth_place      = Ketu, [[Kosofe]], [[Lagos State]]
| origin           = &lt;!-- The origin field is intended for musical origin, not biological origin. Please refrained from adding the place her parents are from. --&gt;[[Ikorodu]], Lagos State&lt;!-- The origin field is intended for musical origin, not biological origin. Please refrained from adding the place her parents are from. --&gt;
| death_date       = &lt;!-- {{death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date 1st) --&gt;
| death_place      = 
| genre            = {{hlist|[[Muusigga Injiilka | Injiilka]]|[[afropop]]}}}
| occupation       = {{hlist|Fanaanad | heesaa | jilaa}}
| instrument       = 
| years_active     = 2011–hadda
| label            = Capital Hill (former)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://globalexcellenceonline.com/would-chidinma-dump-capital-hill-records/ | title=Would Chidinma Dump Capital Hill Records? | publisher=Global Excellence | date=29 January 2014 | access-date=21 February 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302063955/http://globalexcellenceonline.com/would-chidinma-dump-capital-hill-records/ | archive-date=2 March 2014 | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| associated_acts  = {{flatlist|
*EeZee Conceptz Global (New Record Label)}}
| website          = &lt;!-- {{URL|example.com}} --&gt;
}}
'''Chidinma Ekile''' (waxay dhalatay 2 Meey 1991), oo si qarsoodi ah loo yaqaan Chidinma , waa heesaa reer Nigeria ah , heesaa, iyo jilaa Qof u dhashay Gobolka Imo , Chidinma wuxuu ku dhashay Ketu, Kosofe , Gobolka Lagos . 2010, waxay heshay caan ka dib markii ay ku guulaysatay xilli ciyaareedkii saddexaad ee Mashruuca Fame West Africa Chidinma waxa ay noqotay fanaanadii ugu horeysay ee dumar ah ee kaalinta ugu sareysa ka gaadhay lambarka 1 ee MTV Base Official Naija Top 10 shaxanka ka dib markii ay sii daysay muuqaalka muusiga ee halkeda &quot;Emi Ni Baller&quot;.  Sannadkii 2011, waxay sii daysay hal -abuurka Sound Sultan -assisted single &quot;Jankoliko Albumkeedii ugu horreeyay ee magaciisu ahaa, Chidinma , oo lagu sii daayay madal muusiga Spinlet , ayaa soo saartay hal-abuurka &quot;Jankoliko&quot;, &quot;Carry You Go&quot;, &quot;Kedike&quot; iyo &quot;Run Dia Mouth&quot;. Chidinma ayaa ku guulaysatay sharciga ugu wanagsan hablaha galbeedka Afrika 2012 ee Kora Awards waxayna xaflada ka qaaday &quot;Kedike&quot;
==Xirfad==
Waxay u dhalatay Gobolka Imo , Chidinma Ekile waxay ku dhalatay 2 May 1991, Ketu, Kosofe , Gobolka Lagos . Waa ilmaha lixaad ee waalidkeed dhalay, waxayna leedahay lix kale oo walaalo ah Chidinma waxay la kortay aabe edbin ah waxayna bilowday inay heeso lix jir Markay ahayd 10 sano jir, waxay ku biirtay kooxda heesta kaniisadeeda Chidinma waxay dhigatay dugsiga hoose iyo sare ee Ketu ka hor inta aanay u guurin Ikorodu iyada iyo qoyskeeda. Waxay ka shaqeysay dhiirrigeliye ganacsi Lagos ka hor inta aan la daabicin xilli ciyaareedkii saddexaad ee Mashruuca Fame West Africa . Waxay rabtay inay barato isgaarsiinta guud laakiin waxay shahaadada cilmiga bulshada ka qaadatay Jaamacadda Lagos Chidinma markii hore way diiday ogolaanshaha jaamacada Lagos sababtoo ah horumarkeeda Mashruuca Fame West Africa . Wareysi ay siisay YNaija , ayay ku sheegtay in ay had iyo jeer si dhab ah u qaadaneyso iskuulka, go'aankeeda ah in ay iska diiwaan geliso Unilag uu ahaa mid lama huraan ah. Waxay sidoo kale sheegtay in muusiggu uusan had iyo jeer ku jirin ajandaheeda, laakiin waxay go'aansatay inay isku daydo ka dib markii ay ku guuleysatay Fame Project Ka dib markii ay u dhimato timaheeda casaan oo ay heshay mohawk, dadku waxay bilaabeen inay u arkaan gabadh wanaagsan oo xun. Wareysi ay siisay Daily Independent , ayay ku sheegtay in ay wali tahay isla qoftii oo ay kor u kaceyso oo ay koreyso fanaanad ahaan
==Tixraac==
[http://globalexcellenceonline.com/would-chidinma-dump-capital-hill-records/ &quot;Chidinma ma tuuri lahayd diiwaanka Capital Hill?&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://globalexcellenceonline.com/would-chidinma-dump-capital-hill-records/ |date=20140302063955 }}

[http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/01/04/chidinma-wins-best-west-african-female-category-at-the-kora-awards/ &quot;Chidinma Oo Ku Guuleysatey Qeybta Galbeedka Afrika Ugu Wanaagsan (Dumarka) Abaalmarinta KORA 2012&quot;]

[http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/09/chidinma-becomes-first-female-act-to-make-mtvs-naija-top-10/ &quot;Chidinma ayaa noqotay gabadhii ugu horeysay ee falanqeeya oo ka dhigata MTV's Naija 10ka sare&quot;]

[http://www.bellanaija.com/2011/02/22/her-solo-debut-project-fame-west-africa-iii-winner-chidinma-releases-jankoliko-feat-sound-sultan-carry-you-go/ &quot;Her Solo Debut! Caannimada Mashruuca MTN West Africa III Guuleystaha Chidinma ayaa siidaayey &quot;Jankoliko&quot; feat. Sound Sultan &amp; &quot;Carry You Go&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Patoranking</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
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      <text bytes="4742" sha1="bx789wwcjvfolqdzz6kfis2kpz79w2c" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist
| name              = Patoranking
| image             = Patoranking (2019).png
| image_size        = 
| alt               = 
| caption           = Patoranking
| native_name       = 
| native_name_lang  = 
| birth_name        = Patrick Nnaemeka Okorie
| alias             = 
| birth_date        = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1990|05|27}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://pulse.ng/events/celebrity-birthday-patoranking-is-a-year-older-today-id2876885.html | title=Patoranking Is A Year Older Today | publisher=Pulse | date=27 May 2014 | access-date=31 May 2014 | author=Wemimo, Esho | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529095223/http://pulse.ng/events/celebrity-birthday-patoranking-is-a-year-older-today-id2876885.html | archive-date=29 May 2014 | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| birth_place       = [[Ijegun]]-Egba, [[Alimosho]], [[Lagos State]], Nigeria
| origin            = &lt;!-- Origin field is reserve for the place Patoranking started his music career.  --&gt;
| death_date        = &lt;!-- {{death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} (death date 1st) --&gt;
| death_place       = 
| genre             = [[Afrobeats]], [[Reggae]]-[[dancehall]]
| occupation        = Fanaan, qoraa heeso, qoob-ka-cayaar
| instrument        = Codad
| years_active      = 2009–hadda
| label             = Amari Musiq, [[VP Records]]
| associated_acts   = [[Wizkid (muusigii)|Wizkid]], [[[Timaya]], [[[Davido]], [[Faze (muusigii)|Faze]], [[Tiwa Savage]], [[MJ Donkoh]], [[Maroodiga]], [[Signal]], [[Morganli]], [[Morgan Heritage]], [[Vimond Heritage]], Ivana Heritage]]  Platnumz]], [[Rich Mavoko]] [[Fumbani Chirwa]]
| website           = &lt;!-- {{URL|example.com}} --&gt;
}}
'''Patrick Nnaemeka Okorie''' (wuxuu dhashay 27 May 1990), oo si fiican loogu yaqaanay masraxa magaciisa Patoranking , waa Afrobeats Nigerian ah iyo reggae - heesaaga qoob ka ciyaarka iyo gabayada. Wuxuu ku dhashay kuna barbaaray bulshada Ebute Metta ee Lagos, wuxuu ku koray hal qol oo uu la wadaago waalidkiis iyo shan walaalo ah. Koritaankiisa suubban iyo xidhiidhka dhow ee uu la leeyahay qoyskiisa ayaa ku beeray dadaal iyo go'aan si uu u abuuro mustaqbal wanaagsan, wuxuuna u horseeday muusigga Waxa uu bilaabay xirfaddiisa muusikada isagoo samaynaya iskaashiyo dhulka hoostiisa ah, oo leh farshaxanno sida XProject, Konga, Slam iyo Reggie Rockstone Waxa uu heshiis rikoor ah la saxeexday K-Solo's Igberaga Records 2010, isagoo sii daayay &quot;Up in D Club&quot; hoostiisa. Patoranking waxa uu noqday ilaaliye Dem Mama Records ka dib markii uu la kaashaday Timaya heestiisa &quot;Alubarika&quot;. Bishii Febraayo 2014, wuxuu saxiixay heshiis rikoor ah Foston Musik wuxuuna sii daayay &quot;Girlie O&quot;, mid ka mid ah isaga oo iftiimiyay On 9 Febraayo 2015, Patoranking ayaa ku dhawaaqay Instagram in uu saxiixay heshiis qaybinta VP Records 28kii Sebtembar Patoranking waxa uu soo saaray hees ciwaankeedu yahay Abule oo uu sii daayay ka hor albamkiisa la qorsheeyay in la sii daayo 2020. Waxa uu mar sheegay, 2020 in uu mar ka helay dhiirigelinta heesaha garoon kubbadda cagta isagoo kubbadda ciyaaraya.
==Nolosha hore iyo xirfadda muusiga==
Patrick waxa uu ku dhashay kuna soo barbaaray magaalada Ijegun-Egba Satellite Town laakiin waxa uu asal ahaan ka soo jeedaa Onicha , Gobolka Ebonyi . Wuxuu dhiganayay Kulliyada Guud ee Citizen ee Epe, Lagos kadibna wuxuu iska diiwaan geliyay Dugsiga Naxwaha Jibril Martin Memorial ee Iponri
Patoranking wuxuu u guuray Ghana 2007 si uu u sii wato waxbarashadiisa ka dib markii uu helay &quot; Jaamacadda Cape Coast &quot;, laakiin wuxuu ka tagay sababo dhaqaale
Ka dib markii uu ka baxay Jaamacadda, wuxuu u guuray Osu, oo ah xaafad ku taal Accra, Ghana halkaas oo uu kula kulmay Lanky, ganacsade kaas oo u saxiixay Patoranking calaamadiisa, Black Rhythmz Entertainment. Isagoo u saxiixay Black Rhythmz Entertainment, wuxuu ka shaqeynayay maqaayad ka soo horjeeda Frankies Osu wuxuuna shaqo kale ka haystay Accra Mall Ka dib markii uu duubay heeso dhowr ah oo ku yaal calaamadda Lanky, xiriirku wuu dhammaaday wuxuuna ku laabtay Nigeria.
==Tixraac==
[http://pulse.ng/events/celebrity-birthday-patoranking-is-a-year-older-today-id2876885.html &quot;Patoranking-ku maanta sannad buu ka weyn yahay&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://pulse.ng/events/celebrity-birthday-patoranking-is-a-year-older-today-id2876885.html |date=20140529095223 }}

[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/155598-patoranking-quits-timayas-dem-mama-records-foston-musik.html &quot;Patoranking waxay ka tagtay Timaya's Dem Mama Records for Foston Musik&quot;]

[https://www.myjoyonline.com/i-couldnt-attend-ucc-because-they-were-charging-international-students-in-dollars-patoranking/ 'Ma tagi karo UCC sababtoo ah waxay ku dallaceen ardayda caalamiga ah doolar' - Patoranking - MyJoyOnline.com&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Philippa Hobbs</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="2399" sha1="5eczm5hf5revwr0hbsjldnpupmmvo52" xml:space="preserve">'''Philippa Hobbs''' waa taariikhyahan faneedka Koonfur Afrika, farshaxan, iyo ururiyaha farshaxanka. Waxay ku dhalatay 1955 waxayna ka qalin jabisay St Andrew's School 1972. Waxay fanka ku baratay Kuliyadda Farshaxanka ee Johannesburg ka hor intaysan dhammayn koorsada daabacaadda ka dib ee Jaamacadda Farshaxanka (Philadelphia) . Kadib waxay sii waday waxbarashadeeda Jaamacadda Koonfur Afrika (UNISA) iyo Technikon Witwatersrand ee Johannesburg Hobbs wuxuu ahaa borofisar fanka Technikon Witwatersrand laga bilaabo 1979 ilaa 1993, iyo sidoo kale madaxa daabacaadda halkaas Waxaa lagu xusay inay gacan ka geysato ku-dhaqanka farshaxanka (oo leh bandhigyo heer qaran iyo heer caalami ah), waxbarashada farshaxanka, cilmi-baarista, iyo horumarinta bulshada iyada oo loo marayo farshaxanka. Laga bilaabo 2006, Hobbs waxa uu u shaqeeyay sidii Curator of MTN Art Collection, oo ah ururinta fanka ee gaarka ah, shirkadda ee Johannesburg.
==Fanka==
Hobbs ayaa lagu martiqaaday in uu gacan ka geysto Sawirrada Mashruuca Xuquuqda Aadanaha ee 1996, kaas oo ku lug lahaa fanaaniinta samaynta muuqaal muuqaal ah qodob kasta oo ka mid ah Sharciga Xuquuqda ee Koonfur Afrika. Hobbs' faqraddiisa loo qoondeeyay wuxuu ahaa faqradda 8: Xorriyadda Hadalka, halkaasoo alwaaxdeeda - oo uu Carabku helay - ay tusinayso dheellitirka khatarta ah ee u dhexeeya xuquuqda hadalka iyo cawaaqibka ka dambeeya
Shaqooyinka kale ee Hobbs waxaa ka mid ah Dracunculus iyo Cat's Cradle , alwaax la soo saaray 1993, iyo Spiritus Candelabrae , oo ah laba midab oo alwaax ah oo la soo saaray 1992.
==Tixraac==
[http://www.durbanet.co.za/exhib/dag/hr/cl08.htm &quot;Sawirada Xuquuqda Aadanaha, Koonfur Afrika - Farqada 8: Xorriyadda Hadalka (Philippa Hobbs)&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.durbanet.co.za/exhib/dag/hr/cl08.htm |date=20160303185247 }}

[https://web.archive.org/web/20250225180803/https://scholar.sun.ac.za/items/2c99d347-8e25-4d89-b081-1a5eef1d0521  Daabacaadda Casriga ah ee Koonfur Afrika: Daraasad lagu sameeyay Farshaxanka ee La Xiriira Xaaladaha Dhaqaale-Dhaqaale, Iyadoo Tixraac Gaar ah loo leeyahay Saxafada Caversham]

[https://asai.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Messages-and-Meaning-the-MTN-art-collection-pg-141-156.pdf  Farriimaha iyo Macnaha: Ururinta Farshaxanka ee MTN] {{Wayback|url=https://asai.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Messages-and-Meaning-the-MTN-art-collection-pg-141-156.pdf |date=20250929093734 }}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Timothy Ogene</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="1934" sha1="dqfatw8c758uo76bd9gztw4sgr68dkh" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox writer
| occupation  = Writer
| alma_mater  = {{ubl|Jaamacadda St. Edward's| Jaamacadda Bariga Anglia| Kulliyadda Wolfson, Oxford| Kulliyadda Darwin, Cambridge}}
| birth_date  = 
| birth_place = [[Port Harcourt]], Nigeria
| website     = {{url|http://timothyogene.com}}
| period      = Casriga ah
| genre       = Sheeko-xariireed, majaajilo
| awards      = Abaalmarinta Buugga Sannadka - Qoraalka Hal-abuurka, Ururka Suugaanta Afrika
| language    = Ingiriis
}}
'''Timothy Ogene''' waa qoraa iyo bare ka tirsan Harvard waa curiyaha abtirsiimada &amp; maansooyinka kale , maalintu waxay ku dhammaanaysaa sida maalin kasta , iyo Seesaw .
==Taariikh nololeedka==
Wuxuu ku dhashay kuna soo barbaaray duleedka Port Harcourt ee koonfurta Nigeria, tan iyo markaas wuxuu ku noolaa Liberia, UK, iyo Mareykanka. Shaqadiisa waxay ka soo muuqatay Granta, The Johannesburg Review of Books, Harvard Review, Tincture Journal, Numero Cinq, One Throne Magazine, Poetry Quarterly, Hong Kong Review of Books, Glasgow Review of Books, Tahoma Literary Review, The Missing Slate, Stirring, Kin Poetry Journal, Mad Swirl, Blue Rock Review, iyo meelo kale.
==Tixraac==
[https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2021/12/09/fiction-issue-he-was-the-sort-of-writer-who-saw-himself-as-the-carrier-of-his-continents-honour-read-an-excerpt-from-timothy-ogenes-novel-seesaw/ &quot;Arrinta mala-awaalka ah 'Wuxuu ahaa nooca qoraaga ee isu arka in uu yahay xanbaariyaha sharafta qaaraddiisa'—Akhri qayb ka mid ah sheeko-yaqaanka Timothy Ogene Seesaw&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20210824031437/https://www.newwriting.net/2017/04/the-day-ends-like-any-day-by-timothy-ogene/  &quot;Maalintu waxay ku dhammaanaysaa sida maalin kasta oo uu qoray Timothy Ogene&quot;]

[https://aghct.org/2017-edition-participants &quot;QAYBTIISKA 2017 | Akadeemiyada Caalamiga ah ee Aadanaha iyo Aragtida Muhiimka ah&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://aghct.org/2017-edition-participants |date=20221115031221 }}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Omoseye Bolaji</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45777</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311974</id>
      <parentid>296776</parentid>
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      <text bytes="1229" sha1="h2pd4t3fhm6lyw3dkeueatpz2jsm7el" xml:space="preserve">'''Omoseye Bolaji''' (16 Agoosto 1964 - 22 Maajo 2022) wuxuu ahaa qoraa reer Nayjeeriya ah oo gacan ka geystay kobaca suugaanta Afrika ee Koonfur Afrika , gaar ahaan Gobolka Xorta ah Bolaji wuxuu ahaa tifaftiraha daabacaadaha Koonfur Afrika oo ay ku jiraan Free State News , joornaalka Kopanang , joornaalka E iyo E , iyo joornaalka CHOICE .
==Nolosha hore==
Bolaji wuxuu ku koray Ingiriiska, Nayjeeriya, iyo Sierra Leone Wuxuu dugsiga sare ku qaatay Dugsiga Lagelu Grammar ee Ibadan , Nayjeeriya, ka dibna wuxuu wax ku bartay Jaamacadda Obafemi Awolowo ee Nayjeeriya
==Tixraac==
[http://www.nigerianmuse.com/20090409160620zg/sections/general-articles/omoseye-bolaji-a-nigerian-author-s-exploits-in-south-africa/ &quot;Omoseye Bolaji, Qoraa Nayjeeriyaan ah - Muusikada Nayjeeriyaanka | Muusikada Nayjeeriyaanka&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20170725052053/https://www.africanwriter.com/omoseye-bolaji-writer-with-the-grassroots-touch/ &quot;Omoseye Bolaji: Qoraa leh Taabashada Grassroots - AfricanWriter.com&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20130806162644/http://kaganof.com/kagablog/2013/07/23/humour-in-bolajis-kunle-apantaku-a-review-by-raphael-mokoena/ &quot;Humour in Bolaji's &quot;Kunle Apantaku&quot; - dib u eegis uu sameeyay raphael mokoena&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Olive Schreiner</title>
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      <text bytes="2946" sha1="lxlw8bby0d4zbj7nzle1t16cgigc8a7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox writer
| name = Olive Schreiner
| image = Olive Schreiner.jpg
| caption = 
| native_name = Olive Emily Albertina Schreiner
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1855|3|24}}
| birth_place = Wittebergen Reserve, [[Cape Colony]] (in present-day [[Lesotho]])
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1920|12|11|1855|3|24}}
| death_place = [[Wynberg, Cape Town|Wynberg]], [[Union of South Africa|South Africa]]
| relations = {{plainlist|
*{{ill|Samuel Cronwright|af| |lt=S. C. Cronwright-Schreiner}} (Husband)
* Frederick Samuel Schreiner (walaal)
* [[William Schreiner]] (walaal)
* Helen Schreiner (walaalo)
*[[Oliver Schreiner]] (nephew)
}}
| occupation = Qoraa, cod-bixiye, u dhaqdhaqaaqa siyaasadda
| notableworks = ''[[Sheekada Beer Afrikaan ah]]'', ''Haweeney iyo Shaqaale''
| signature = Signature of Olive Schreiner.jpg
}}
'''Olive Schreiner''' (24 Maarso 1855 - 11 Diseembar 1920) waxay ahayd qoraa Koonfur Afrikaan ah, u ololeysa dagaalka iyo aqoonyahan. Maanta waxaa si fiican loogu xasuustaa sheekadeeda The Story of a African Farm (1883), oo si weyn loogu amaanay. Waxay si geesinimo leh uga hadlaysaa arrimaha casriga ah sida agnosticism, madaxbannaanida jiritaanka, shaqsiyadda, himilooyinka xirfadeed ee haweenka, iyo dabeecadda asaasiga ah ee nolosha ee xuduudda gumeysiga.
==Taariikh Nololeed==
Karel Schoeman , oo ah taariikhyahan, iyo khabiir ku takhasusay Schreiner oo ku nool Koonfur Afrika, ayaa qortay inay ahayd qof aad u wanaagsan oo ku nool Koonfur Afrika. Wuxuu soo koobayaa qaab-dhismeedka aasaasiga ah ee nolosheeda sida soo socota, isagoo xusaya waqtiyadii ay ku noolayd dalka dibaddiisa:
Marka laga eego dhinaca taariikheed, nolosha Olive Schreiner waxay muujinaysaa qaab xiiso leh. Ka dib markii ay shan iyo labaatankii sano ee ugu horreeyay ku qaadatay Koonfur Afrika ... waxay joogtay Ingiriiska in ka badan toddoba sano, waxayna sidoo kale ku noolayd waqtigan Yurub. Ka dib, waxay ku noolayd Koonfur Afrika muddo afar iyo labaatan sano ah, xilligii ay saaxiibtinimada la lahayd Rhodes, dagaalkii Anglo-Boer, iyo ku lug lahaanshaheeda sii kordhaya ee arrimaha sida cunsuriyadda iyo tirada haweenka, ka dibna masaafuris kale ayaa ka dambaysay Ingiriiska muddo toddoba sano ah; waxay ahayd wax yar ka hor dhimashadeeda 1920-kii markii ay ku soo laabatay Koonfur Afrika
==Tixraac==
[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Olive-Schreiner &quot;Olive Schreiner | Qoraa Koonfur Afrikaan ah | Britannica&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20200815112514/http://uctpress.bookslive.co.za/blog/2016/02/02/how-olive-schreiner%E2%80%99s-husband-%E2%80%98carelessly%E2%80%99-edited-her-lesser-known-novel-from-man-to-man-or-perhaps-only/ &quot;Sidee Olive Schreiner ninkeeda 'si taxaddar la'aan ah' u tafatiray sheeko-xariireedkeeda aan aadka loo aqoon ee From Man to Man, ama Maybe Only&quot;]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20190826011352/https://www.oliveschreiner.org/vre?view=personae&amp;entry=163 &quot;Dramatis Personae Frederick Schreiner&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Rudolf Marloth</title>
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      <text bytes="2434" sha1="4i6j0os0cbozo75lnigihf3c15m392k" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox scientist
| name        = Rudolf Marloth
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang = 
| image       =   Rudolf Marloth.jpg&lt;!--(filename only, i.e. without &quot;File:&quot; prefix)--&gt;
| imagesize   = 
| alt         = Rudolf Marloth
| birth_date  =  {{birth date |1855|12|28|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Lübben]], [[Province of Brandenburg|Brandenburg]], [[Kingdom of Prussia]]
| death_date  =   {{death date and age |1931|05|15 |1855|12|28|df=yes}} 
| death_place = [[Caledon, Western Cape|Caledon]], [[Cape Province]]
| death_cause = 
| resting_place = 
| resting_place_coordinates =  &lt;!--{{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}--&gt;
| other_names = 
| residence   = 
| citizenship = 
| nationality = 
| fields      = [[Khabiirka Dhirta]], [[Farmashiistaha]] iyo [[Kiimikada Falanqaynta|Kiimikada Falanqaynta]]
| workplaces  = 
| patrons     =
| alma_mater  = [[Jaamacadda Berlin]]
| thesis_title =  &quot;Hababka ilaalinta ee ay abuurka u adeegsadaan ka hortagga walxaha waxyeelada leh&quot;&lt;!--(or  | thesis1_title =  and  | thesis2_title = )--&gt;
| thesis_url  =   &lt;!--(or  | thesis1_url  =   and  | thesis2_url  =  )--&gt;
| thesis_year =   &lt;!--(or  | thesis1_year =   and  | thesis2_year =  )--&gt;
| doctoral_advisor = 
| academic_advisors = 
| doctoral_students = 
| notable_students = 
| known_for   = 
| influences  = 
| influenced  = 
| awards      = 
| author_abbrev_bot = Marloth
| author_abbrev_zoo = 
| spouse      =   &lt;!--(or | spouses = )--&gt;
| partner     =   &lt;!--(or | partners = )--&gt;
| children    = 
| signature   =   &lt;!--(filename only)--&gt;
| signature_alt = 
| website     =   &lt;!--{{URL|www.example.com}}--&gt;
| footnotes   = 
}}
'''Hermann Wilhelm Rudolf Marloth''' (28 Diseembar 1855 Lübben , Jarmalka - 15 Maajo 1931 Caledon , Gobolka Cape ) wuxuu ahaa khabiir ku takhasusay dhirta, farmashiistaha iyo kiimikada falanqaynta ee u dhashay Jarmalka , kaasoo si fiican loogu yaqaanay buugiisa Flora ee Koonfur Afrika kaasoo ka soo muuqday lix mug oo si heer sare ah loo sawiray intii u dhaxaysay 1913 iyo 1932. Qoraagan dhirta waxaa lagu tilmaamay soo gaabinta qoraaga Marloth markii uu soo xiganayo magac dhireed . 
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20211026092204/http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:844895-1 Marlothiella gummifera]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20230821212009/https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16246-1  Schwantes | Dhirta Adduunka Online | Sayniska Kew&quot;]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jacob Frey</title>
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      <text bytes="93723" sha1="bcbeqgayppktsr8v9akrckncq5z04p1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Jacob Frey
| image               = Jacob_Frey._(October_21,_2025).jpg
| caption             = Frey sanadkii 2025
| office              = Duqii 48-aad ee [[List of mayors of Minneapolis|Duqa Minneapolis]]
| term_start          = Janaayo 2, 2018
| term_end            =
| predecessor         = [[Betsy Hodges]]
| successor           =
| office1             = Xubin ka tirsan [[Minneapolis City Council]]
laga soo doortay ward-ka 3-aad
| term_start1         = Janaayo 2, 2014
| term_end1           = Janaayo 2, 2018
| predecessor1        = Diane Hofstede
| successor1          = Steve Fletcher
| birth_name          = Jacob Lawrence Frey
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1981|7|23}}
| birth_place         = [[Arlington County, Virginia]], U.S.
| death_date          =
| death_place         =
| party               = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] ([[Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party|DFL]])
| spouse              = {{ubl |{{marriage|[[Michelle Lilienthal]]|2009|2014|end=div}}|{{marriage|Sarah Clarke|2016}}}}
| children            = 2
| education           = [[College of William and Mary]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])
[[Villanova University]] ([[Juris Doctor|JD]])
| signature           = Minneapolis Emergency Regulation No.2020-2-1 (Curfew Order Regarding Protests) (Signature of Jacob Frey).jpg
| website             = {{url|jacobfrey.org|Websaydhka Ololaha}}
}}
'''Jacob Lawrence Frey'''{{efn|{{IPAc-en|f|r|aɪ|audio=en-us-Frey.oga}} {{respell|FRY}};&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{cite AV media | people = Jacob Frey | date = February 5, 2013 | title = Where in the Ward is Jacob Frey? | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fP3kUzfgsDc | access-date = October 29, 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171108213615/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fP3kUzfgsDc | archive-date = November 8, 2017 | url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}} (dhashay Luulyo 23, 1981) waa [[American politician|siyaasi Mareykan ah]] iyo qareen u soo shaqeeyay sidii duqii 48-aad ee [[:en:mayor of Minneapolis|duqa Minneapolis]] tan iyo sanadkii 2018. Isagoo xubin ka ah [[Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party]], wuxuu ka soo shaqeeyay [[Minneapolis City Council]] intii u dhaxeysay 2014 ilaa 2018, waxaana loo doortay duqa Minneapolis [[2017 Minneapolis mayoral election|sanadkii 2017]] waxaana [[2021 Minneapolis mayoral election|mar kale la doortay 2021]] iyo [[2025 Minneapolis mayoral election|2025]].&lt;ref name=thirdmayorelectionwin&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2025/11/05/jacob-frey-wins-minneapolis-mayor-election|title=Jacob Frey wins third term as Minneapolis mayor|first=Jon|last=Collins|publisher=MPR|date=November 5, 2025|accessdate=November 5, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=freythirdterm&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/minneapolis-mayor-election-2025/|title=Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey projected to win reelection : Live election results 2025|first=Aki|last=Nace|publisher=WCCO|date=November 5, 2025|accessdate=November 5, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Helal, Liala (November 7, 2013) [http://blogs.mprnews.org/cities/2013/11/minneapolis-city-council-candidates/ &quot;Minneapolis demographics change; younger candidates shape new City Council&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808073901/http://blogs.mprnews.org/cities/2013/11/minneapolis-city-council-candidates/|date=August 8, 2017}}, ''MPR News.''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Belz |first=Adam |date=January 2, 2018 |title=New Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey says he has 'hit the ground running very hard' |url=http://www.startribune.com/new-minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-says-he-has-hit-the-ground-running-very-hard/467729223/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180102231603/http://www.startribune.com/new-minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-says-he-has-hit-the-ground-running-very-hard/467729223/ |archive-date=January 2, 2018 |work=Star Tribune}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Wuxuu ku dhashay kuna soo barbaaray [[Northern Virginia]], Frey wuxuu dhigtay [[College of William &amp; Mary]] isagoo ku helay deeq waxbarasho oo dhanka [[track and field|orodka]] ah. Ka dib wuxuu cilmiga sharciga ku bartay [[Villanova University]].
​Frey wuxuu ahaa orodyahan masaafo dheer ah xilligii kuleejka uuna u ordayay si xirfad leh, isagoo kaalmo sare ka galay tartamo caan ah uuna helay kafaalo-qaad ciyaareed. Ka dib dugsiga sharciga, wuxuu u soo guuray [[Minneapolis]], halkaas oo uu uga soo shaqeeyay qareen takooridda shaqada iyo [[civil rights|xuquuqda madaniga]] ah ka hor inta uusan gelin siyaasadda.
​

== Noloshiisa hore iyo waxbarashada ==

Frey wuxuu ku dhashay [[Arlington County, Virginia]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mprnews.org/story/2017/10/16/minneapolis-mayoral-candidates-profiles |title=Snapshot: Who's running for Minneapolis mayor and why |publisher=[[Minnesota Public Radio]] |date=October 16, 2017 |last=Nelson|first=Tim |access-date=July 19, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; isagoo ka dhashay qoys Yuhuudi ah. Wuxuu ku soo barbaaray meel u dhow [[Oakton, Virginia]], oo ah xaafad ka tirsan [[Washington, D.C.]], halkaas oo waalidkiis ay ahaayeen qoob-ka-ciyaartoy xirfadley ah oo qoob-ka-ciyaarka casriga ah (ballet). Hooyadiis waxay asal ahaan ka soo jeeddaa [[Ashkenazi Jewish|Yuhuudda Ashkenazi]], aabihiisna [[conversion to Judaism|wuxuu u soo islaamay Yuhuudiyadda]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://startribune.com/no-martinis-here-an-alligator-lunch-with-minneapolis-council-member-jacob-frey/305916971 |title=No martinis here: An alligator lunch with Minneapolis Council Member Jacob Frey |last=Tevlin |first=Jon |date=June 2, 2015 |work=[[Minnesota Star Tribune]] |access-date=November 8, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112170007/http://www.startribune.com/no-martinis-here-an-alligator-lunch-with-minneapolis-council-member-jacob-frey/305916971/ |archive-date=November 12, 2017 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://tcjewfolk.com/folk-mayorelect-jacob-frey |title=Who The Folk?! Mayor-Elect Jacob Frey |publisher=TC Jewfolk |date=November 13, 2017 |access-date=July 4, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Frey wuxuu dhigtay [[College of William and Mary]] ka dib markii uu ka qalin jabiyay dugsiga sare, isagoo qaatay shahaadada [[Bachelor of Arts]] sanadkii 2004.&lt;ref name=&quot;Villanova commencement&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Villanova University School of Law Commencement Pr ersity School of Law Commencement Program - Class of 2009 |date=2009 |publisher=Villanova University |pages=1, 14 |url=https://digitalcommons.law.villanova.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1050&amp;context=commencement}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;City Council bio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=About Jacob Frey |url=http://www.ci.minneapolis.mn.us/ward3/about-frey |publisher=Minneapolis City Council |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911031347/http://www.ci.minneapolis.mn.us/ward3/about-frey |archive-date=September 11, 2017 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intii uu dhiganayay, wuxuu ahaa orodyahan masaafo dheer ah oo ka tirsan kooxda orodka iyo orodyahanka dal-mararka (cross-country) ee dhamaan-[[Colonial Athletic Association]] (CAA). Wuxuu ku tartamay [[2002 NCAA Division I Cross Country Championships]].&lt;ref name=&quot;W&amp;M roster 2004&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Track &amp; Field: Current Roster |url=http:3//www.tribeathletics.com/sport_roster.php/11/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040409062614/http://www.tribeathletics.com/sport_roster.php/11/ |archive-date=April 9, 2004 |access-date=June 2, 2020 |website=TribeAthletics.com |publisher=College of William &amp; Mary}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;W&amp;M media guide&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=William &amp; Mary Men's Track &amp; Field |url=http://www.tribeathletics.com/files/mtrack/2003/2003menstf.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050304065928/http://www.tribeathletics.com/files/mtrack/2003/2003menstf.pdf |archive-date=March 4, 2005 |publisher=College of William &amp; Mary |page=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; Frey wuxuu ku guuleystay horyaalka CAA ee 5,000-mitir ee orodka sanadkii 2002.&lt;ref name=&quot;W&amp;M media guide&quot; /&gt;
​
==Shaqada==

Ka dib markii uu kuleejka ka qalin jabiyay, Frey wuxuu qandaraas ka helay shirkad kabaha soo saarta si uu si xirfad leh ugu ordo. Wuxuu ku orday marathon-no dhowr ah oo dalka oo dhan ah wuxuuna u matalay [[United States at the 2007 Pan American Games|Kooxda USA]] marathon-kii [[Athletics at the 2007 Pan American Games|Ciyaarihii Pan American ee 2007]], isagoo [[Athletics at the 2007 Pan American Games – Men's marathon|ku dhameystay kaalinta afaraad]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://tribeathletics.test.wm.edu/story.php/5972/|title=Jacob Frey Finishes Fourth in the 2007 Pan-Am Marathon|website=College of William &amp; Mary Athletics|access-date=January 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113161703/http://tribeathletics.test.wm.edu/story.php/5972/|archive-date=January 13, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Marathon Results of Jacob Frey |url=https://marathonview.net/marathon-results-of-Jacob-Frey |access-date=2023-04-05 |website=marathonview.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Frey wuxuu u soo guuray Minneapolis sanadkii 2009 ka dib markii uu ka qalin jabiyay ''[[cum laude]]'' [[Villanova University School of Law]] wuxuuna ku biiray shirkadda qareennada ee [[Faegre &amp; Benson]] si uu ugu shaqeeyo sharciga takooridda shaqada iyo xuquuqda madaniga ah ka hor inta uusan u gudbin shirkadda qareennada ee Halunen &amp; Associates.&lt;ref name=&quot;on the run&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Havey|first=Mackenzie Lobby|url=https://www.startribune.com/my-outdoor-life-minneapolis-council-member-channels-running-life-into-his-work/320921141/|title=My Outdoor Life: Minneapolis council member's life on the run|website=Star Tribune|access-date=May 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527084059/https://www.startribune.com/my-outdoor-life-minneapolis-council-member-channels-running-life-into-his-work/320921141/|archive-date=May 27, 2020|url-status=dead|date=August 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=McKenzie |first=Sarah |date=March 18, 2013 |title=Third Ward candidate profile: Jacob Frey |url=http://www.journalmpls.com/archives/2013/03/third-ward-candidate-profile-jacob-frey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109151236/http://www.journalmpls.com/archives/2013/03/third-ward-candidate-profile-jacob-frey/ |archive-date=November 9, 2017 |work=The Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/twincities/print-edition/2014/11/28/q-a-jacob-frey-minneapolis-city-council.html|title=Q&amp;A: Jacob Frey, Minneapolis City Council|last=Black|first=Sam|date=November 28, 2014|newspaper=Minneapolis/St. Paul Business Journal|access-date=February 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216130834/http://www.bizjournals.com/twincities/print-edition/2014/11/28/q-a-jacob-frey-minneapolis-city-council.html|archive-date=February 16, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Reflections from Mayor Frey on his Early Days in Office|url=https://mnrepublic.com/2804/news/mayor-frey-on-his-early-days-in-office/|last=Gers|first=Charlie|website=The Minnesota Republic|access-date=2020-05-31|archive-date=2020-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801231954/https://mnrepublic.com/2804/news/mayor-frey-on-his-early-days-in-office/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Frey wuxuu jeediyay khudbaddii qalin-jabinta ee fasalkiisa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Villanova commencement&quot;/&gt;
​Dabayaaqadii 2011, Frey wuxuu u orday doorasho gaar ah oo loogu tartamayay kursi senate oo bannaanaa wuxuuna galay kaalinta shanaad ee isreeb-reebkii xisbiga, isagoo kaliya ka horeeyay qof ka haray tartanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.minnpost.com/political-agenda/2011/12/kari-dziedzic-wins-dfl-senate-primary-somali-candidate-mohamud-noor-makes-s/|title=Kari Dziedzic wins DFL Senate primary, but Somali candidate Mohamud Noor makes strong showing|date=December 7, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Sanadkii 2012, Frey wuxuu aasaasay oo habeeyay orodkii ugu horreeyay ee &quot;Big Gay Race&quot;, oo ahaa orod sadaqo ah oo 5K ah si lacag loogu ururiyo &quot;Minnesotans United for All Families&quot;, oo ah koox siyaasadeed u abaabulan [[marriage equality|sinnaanta guurka]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.mndaily.com/article/2012/12/%E2%80%98always-running%E2%80%99-frey-sets-sights-council|title='Always running,' Frey sets sights on council|agency=Minnesota Daily|last1=Godar|first1=Bryna|access-date=January 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113135409/http://www.mndaily.com/article/2012/12/%E2%80%98always-running%E2%80%99-frey-sets-sights-council|archive-date=January 13, 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​[[File:Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey - Inauguration (25728749038).jpg|thumb|Frey oo loo dhaarinayo duqa magaalada]]
Frey wuxuu ku tartamay [[2013 Minneapolis City Council election|doorashadii Koonsilka Magaalada Minneapolis ee 2013]] si uu u matalo Ward-ka 3-aad. Wuxuu helay taageerada [[Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party|Democratic–Farmer–Labor]], iyo sidoo kale taageerada in ka badan 40 mas'uuliyiin la soo doortay iyo ururro ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Gusso |first=Alexi |date=November 6, 2013 |title=Frey unseats Hofstede as Minneapolis Ward 3 council member |url=https://www.tcdailyplanet.net/frey-unseats-hofstede-minneapolis-ward-3-council-member/ |access-date=June 25, 2018 |work=Twin Cities Daily Planet}}&lt;/ref&gt; Barnaamijkiisu wuxuu ballan-qaaday adeegyo wanaagsan oo loogu talagalay deegaanka,&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; si loo dhiirigeliyo horumarinta deegaanka,&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; loo kordhiyo tirada iyo noocyada ganacsiyada yaryar iyo kuwa maxalliga ah, loona riixo maalgelin buuxda oo loogu talagalay guryaha la awoodi karo, iyo in wax laga qabto [[climate change|isbeddelka cimilada]]. Wuxuu ka guuleystay Diane Hofstede isagoo helay in ka badan 60% codadkii wuxuuna xafiiska la wareegay Janaayo 2, 2014. Wuxuu hal xilli u soo shaqeeyay [[Minneapolis City Council]] ka hor inta uusan noqon duqa magaalada.
​
===Xilliga duqa magaalada===

Frey wuxuu ku dhawaaqay musharaxnimadiisa duqa Minneapolis bishii Janaayo 2017,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.startribune.com/council-member-jacob-frey-announces-bid-for-mayor-of-minneapolis/409594065/#1|title=Council Member Jacob Frey announces bid for mayor of Minneapolis|last=Belz|first=Adam|date=January 3, 2017|newspaper=Star Tribune|access-date=February 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170107184109/http://www.startribune.com/council-member-jacob-frey-announces-bid-for-mayor-of-minneapolis/409594065/#1|archive-date=January 7, 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; isagoo ku ololeynaya barnaamij lagu kordhinayo taageerada [[affordable housing|guryaha la awoodi karo]] lana hagaajinayo xiriirka booliiska iyo bulshada. Wuxuu ku guuleystay [[2017 Minneapolis mayoral election|doorashadii 2017]], taasoo ka dhigtay duqii labaad ee Yuhuudi ah ee Minneapolis iyo kii labaad ee ugu da'da yaraa ka dib [[Albert Hofstede|Al Hofstede]], oo ahaa 34 jir markii la doortay 1973.&lt;ref name=&quot;Belz-9-11-2017&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Belz|first1=Adam|title=Jacob Frey wins mayor election in Minneapolis|url=http://www.startribune.com/jacob-frey-wins-mayor-election-in-minneapolis/456171613/|access-date=April 5, 2018|publisher=Star Tribune|date=November 9, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180204114550/http://www.startribune.com/jacob-frey-wins-mayor-election-in-minneapolis/456171613/|archive-date=February 4, 2018|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Belz |first=Adam |date=November 9, 2017 |title=Jacob Frey wins mayor election in Minneapolis |url=http://www.startribune.com/jacob-frey-wins-mayor-election-in-minneapolis/456171613/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108213615/http://www.startribune.com/jacob-frey-wins-mayor-election-in-minneapolis/456171613/ |archive-date=November 8, 2017 |access-date=November 8, 2017 |website=Star Tribune}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=2017 Mayor Election Results Tabulation - Minneapolis Elections &amp; Voter Services |url=http://vote.minneapolismn.gov/results/2017/2017-mayor-tabulation |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108213616/http://vote.minneapolismn.gov/results/2017/2017-mayor-tabulation |archive-date=November 8, 2017 |access-date=November 8, 2017 |website=vote.minneapolismn.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Frey mar kale ayaa loo doortay isagoo helay 56.2% codadkii [[2021 Minneapolis mayoral election|sanadkii 2021]], isagoo ka guuleystay tartame [[Kate Knuth]] wareegii ugu dambeeyay ee cod bixinta [[Instant-runoff voting|ranked-choice voting]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=November 2, 2021 |title=Minneapolis-St. Paul Election Results |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/11/02/us/elections/results-minneapolis-st-paul-minnesota.html |work=The New York Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isagu waa duqii ugu horreeyay ee ku shaqeeya nidaamka &quot;duqa awoodda leh&quot;, oo ah dib-u-habeyn awoodda oo koonsilka magaalada ka beddeshay hay'ad maamul una beddeshay hay'ad sharci-dejineed, duqana siisay xakameyn toos ah oo ku saabsan 11 waaxood oo magaalada ah. Isbeddelkan waxaa loo ansixiyay sidii wax-ka-beddel axdi ah oo loo maray [[2021 Minneapolis municipal election#Question 1|cod-bixinta dadweynaha]] sanadkii 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-12-03 |title=New era in Minneapolis as 'strong-mayor' system takes effect |url=https://www.kare11.com/article/news/local/new-era-in-minneapolis-as-strong-mayor-system-takes-effect/89-e6c7e0d8-c66f-49ac-b2a1-268adbf16ac0 |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=kare11.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Frey wuxuu u ololeeyay taageerada nidaamka duqa awoodda leh.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Where Minneapolis mayoral candidates stand on strong mayor ballot question • Minnesota Reformer |url=https://minnesotareformer.com/briefs/where-minneapolis-mayoral-candidates-stand-on-strong-mayor-ballot-question/ |access-date=2025-10-24 |website=Minnesota Reformer |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Tan iyo markii la hirgeliyay nidaamka duqa awoodda leh, Frey wuxuu soo saaray siddeed amar fulin. Kii ugu horreeyay wuxuu Minneapolis ka dhigay magan-gelyo ammaan ah oo loogu talagalay xuquuqda taranka iyo daryeelka caafimaadka ka dib markii [[Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization|sharcigii ''Roe v. Wade'' la laalay]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Executive Order 2022-01 |url=https://www.minneapolismn.gov/government/mayor/executive-orders/executive-order-2022-01/ |access-date=2025-10-24 |website=City of Minneapolis |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Sanadkii 2024, Frey wuxuu dhigay rikoorka diidmada (vetoes) ee la soo saaray hal sano gudaheed—siddeed, kuwaas oo afar ka mid ah la ansixiyay.&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Keefer |first=Winter |date=2025-01-02 |title=Looking back at Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey's 2024 veto efforts |url=http://www.minnpost.com/metro/2025/01/looking-back-at-minneapolis-mayor-jacob-freys-2024-vetoes/ |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=MinnPost |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shuruucda la diiday waxaa ka mid ahaa qaraar ku saabsan [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict|khilaafka Israa'iil iyo Falastiin]], mushaharka ugu yar ee darawallada gaadiidka la wadaago , bayaan lagu taageerayo cafis loo fidiyo ardayda mudaaharaadayay ee waxyeelleeyay hantida [[University of Minnesota]], iyo axdi loogu talagalay guddiga xiriirka shaqada si ay ula taliyaan koonsilka magaalada ee arrimaha shaqada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ki |first=Nicole |date=2024-12-03 |title=U of M students say they're facing suspension, $5,500 fines for pro-Palestinian protest |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2024/12/03/university-of-minnesota-students-facing-suspension-fines-for-pro-palestinian-protest |access-date=2025-10-24 |website=MPR News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koonsilka Magaalada ayaa diiday soo jeedintii Frey ee mushaharka ugu yar ee darawallada gaadiidka la wadaago waxayna soo bandhigeen nooc kale, ka dib markii Uber iyo Lyft ay ugu hanjabeen inay joojinayaan u adeegidda aagga caasimadda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Kerr |first=Dara |date=2024-03-15 |title=Uber and Lyft threaten to halt operations in Minneapolis over minimum wage law |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/03/15/1238885721/uber-lyft-minneapolis-minimum-wage-law |access-date=2025-10-24 |work=NPR |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sharci gobol oo dambe, oo hadda shaqeynaya, ayaa ku dhowaad la mid ah amarkii Frey.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Kerr |first=Dara |date=2024-03-15 |title=Uber and Lyft threaten to halt operations in Minneapolis over minimum wage law |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/03/15/1238885721/uber-lyft-minneapolis-minimum-wage-law |access-date=2025-10-24 |work=NPR |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Bishii Maarso 2022, Frey wuxuu shaqada ka ceyriyay lataliye sare oo dhanka siyaasadda ah, Abdi Salah, ka dib markii uu bartay in lagu baarayo xiriir la leh baaritaanka musuqmaasuqa ee [[Feeding Our Future|Feeding Our Futures]]. Frey wuxuu sheegay inuusan ka warqabin waxqabadka Salah, oo ay ku jirtay inuu Frey siiyo qodobbada khudbadda oo ay qortay hoggaamiyaha ururka, Aimee Bock, oo loogu talagalay munaasabad loo qabtay dhowr mas'uuliyiin la soo doortay ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Meitrodt |first=Jeffrey |date=2022-03-30 |title=Feeding Our Future sought Minneapolis aid with the state |url=https://www.startribune.com/feeding-our-future-sought-minneapolis-help-with-the-state/600160494 |access-date=2025-04-27 |website=Star Tribune |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Raguse |first=Lou |date=2025-01-28 |title=2 more Feeding our Future defendants plead guilty |url=https://www.kare11.com/article/news/local/feeding-our-future-defendants-plead-guilty/89-39487746-3a9b-4f56-9b05-bcbf49c7f6ff |access-date=2025-04-27 |website=[[KARE 11]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Bishii Janaayo 2025, Frey wuxuu ku dhawaaqay inuu doonayo inuu u tartamo xilli saddexaad, isagoo sheegay inay noqon doonto ololihiisii ugu dambeeyay ee duqa magaalada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-01-29 |title=Frey formally launches bid for third term as Minneapolis mayor |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2025/01/29/minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-officially-announces-his-bid-for-a-third-term |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=MPR News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Luulyo 19, Minneapolis DFL waxay taageertay senatarka gobolka [[Omar Fateh]] halkii ay ka taageeri lahaayeen Frey.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=Renee |date=2025-07-19 |title=State Sen. Omar Fateh secures mayoral race endorsement at Minneapolis DFL Convention |url=https://kstp.com/kstp-news/top-news/minneapolis-dfl-considers-5-nominations-for-mayoral-race-endorsement/ |access-date=2025-07-20 |website=KSTP |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Agoosto 21, iyadoo laga jawaabayo rafcaan ay gudbisay ololaha Frey, DFL-ka gobolka ayaa ka laabtay taageeradaas, iyagoo soo xigtay arrimo la xiriira geeddi-socodka shirweynaha magaalada, oo ay ku jirtay tirinta codadka oo khaldan iyo ka saaridda musharax DeWayne Davis si qalad ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=CBRC Findings of Fact 8.22.2025 |url=https://kstp.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Final-CBRC-Findings-of-Fact-8.17.2025.pdf |website=KSTP}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Londoño |first=Ernesto |date=2025-08-21 |title=Minnesota's Democratic Party Revokes Endorsement of Mayoral Candidate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/21/us/minnesotas-democratic-party-revokes-endorsement-of-mayoral-candidate.html |access-date=2025-08-21 |website=New York Times |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Bishii Oktoobar 2025, waxaa la sheegay in Frey uu u isticmaalo hal taleefan oo gacanta ah arrimaha shakhsi ahaaneed iyo ganacsiga dowladda labadaba. Intaa waxaa dheer, Frey wuxuu awoodi waayay inuu fuliyo codsiyada diiwaangelinta ee loogu talagalay diiwaanka taleefannada dowladda ee u dhexeeya Oktoobar 23 iyo Oktoobar 28, xilligii ka dambeeyay toogashadii caanka ahayd ee Davis Moturi, iyo kuwa la xiriira weerarkii waaxda amniga gudaha ee Juun 2025 markii ay jirtay caddeyn muuqata oo muujineysa in xiriir muhiim ah uu dhacay. Sida uu dhigayo sharciga gobolka Minnesota, mas'uuliyiinta magaalada waxaa loo oggol yahay inay tirtiraan xiriirada &quot;ku-meel-gaarka ah&quot;, laakiin ereygaas lama qeexin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Winter |first=Deena |date=October 15, 2025 |title=Political group accuses Frey of improperly deleting texts. Some advocates and media lawyers agree. |url=https://www.startribune.com/mayor-jacob-frey-deletes-text-phone-records/601493229 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20251015202337/https://www.startribune.com/mayor-jacob-frey-deletes-text-phone-records/601493229 |archive-date=October 15, 2025 |url-status=dead |access-date=November 5, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Bishii Diseembar 2025, Frey wuxuu uga jawaabay kordhinta joogitaanka wakiillada Mareykanka ee [[Immigration and Customs Enforcement]] (ICE) ee Minneapolis isagoo saxiixay amar fulin oo looga mamnuucayo mas'uuliyiinta federaalka inay hantida magaalada u isticmaalaan meelo ay isugu yimaadaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Fitzgerald |first1=Kilat |title=ICE restricted from Minneapolis-owned parking areas, Mayor Frey orders |url=https://www.fox9.com/news/ice-restricted-from-minneapolis-owned-areas-mayor-frey-orders-dec-2025 |website=Fox 9 |access-date=December 3, 2025 |date=January 7, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Bishii Janaayo 2026, Frey wuxuu ku gacan seyray sheegashada Waaxda Amniga Gudaha ee ahayd in [[Killing of Renée Good|toogashada haweeney uu geystay wakiil ka tirsan ICE]] loo sameeyay is-difaacid, isagoo ku tilmaamay &quot;wax aan waxba ka jirin.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/01/07/shooting-south-minneapolis-ice-agents-federal-operation|title=Live updates: Frey, Walz dispute that ICE killed woman in self-defense|publisher=MPR|date=January 7, 2026|accessdate=January 7, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Frey wuxuu intaa u dheer ku yiri wakiillada ICE &quot;ka baxa Minneapolis.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news-federal-law-enforcement-involved-ice-related-shooting-minneapolis-rcna252812|title=Minneapolis driver shot and killed by ICE officer during immigration-related operation, DHS says|first1=Minyvonne|last1=Burke|first2=Julia|last2=Ainsley|first3=Suzanne|last3=Gamboa|publisher=NBC News|date=January 7, 2026|accessdate=January 7, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Marka laga soo tago dhaleeceynta uu u jeediyay joogitaanka wakiillada ICE ee Minneapolis, Frey wuxuu kaloo dhaleeceeyay go'aankii maamulka Trump ee ahaa in la hor istaago [[Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension]] inay baaraan toogashada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trumps-focus-minnesota-ice-shooting-rcna252826|title=They're trying to break us': Trump's focus on Minnesota boils over with ICE shooting|first1=Adam|last1=Edelman|first2=Natasha|last2=Koreoki|publisher=NBC News|date=January 9, 2026|accessdate=January 9, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
== Mawqifyada siyaasadeed ==
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=== Kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha ===

Bishii Maarso 2020, Frey wuxuu ansixiyay iibsashada dhismo muddo dheer bannaanaa oo ay lahayd [[K-Mart]] oo ku yaallay Nicollet Avenue kaas oo hor istaagay wadada uuna abuuray arrimo dhanka gaadiidka ah oo u dhexeeya Lake Street iyo 29th Street.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Navratil |first=Liz |date=2020-03-06 |title=Minneapolis will buy out Kmart lease, reopen Nicollet |url=https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-will-buy-out-kmart-lease-reopen-nicollet/568526262 |access-date=2025-10-24 |website=Star Tribune |language=en |archive-date=2025-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250720135904/https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-will-buy-out-kmart-lease-reopen-nicollet/568526262 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Markii uu ku dhawaaqay la wareegiddaas, Frey wuxuu soo bandhigay hindisaha &quot;New Nicollet&quot;, oo hadafkiisu ahaa abuurista ganacsiyo cusub, guryo iyo goobo dadweyne.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Nicollet Redevelopment |url=https://www2.minneapolismn.gov/government/programs-initiatives/new-nicollet/ |access-date=2025-10-24 |website=City of Minneapolis |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Sanadkii 2022, Frey wuxuu gudbiyay noociisa Dib-u-naqshadeynta Hennepin Avenue, oo ah kordhinta Qorshaha Waxqabadka Gaadiidka oo cusbooneysiinaya Hennepin Avenue ee u dhexeeya Lake St. iyo Douglas Ave. Koonsilka Magaalada ayaa wax ka beddelay qorshaha dib-u-naqshadeynta, iyagoo ku daray luqad ka dhigeysa haadka basaska ee hadda jira mid u gaar ah basaska 24/7. Frey ayaa diiday (veto) wax-ka-beddelkaas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-06-17 |title=Minneapolis Mayor Frey vetoes Hennepin Ave redesign, 24-hour bus lanes |url=https://www.fox9.com/news/minneapolis-mayor-frey-vetoes-hennepin-ave-redesign-24-hour-bus-lanes |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=Fox 9 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Diidmadiisa dambe ayaa la ansixiyay wuxuuna fududeeyay tanaasul haadkaas u qoondeynaya basaska xilliyada saxmadda uuna ku darayo haad baaskiil oo heerka ka sarreeya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-08-04 |title=Minneapolis City Council approves Hennepin Avenue redesign plan layout |url=https://www.kare11.com/article/news/local/mpls-city-council-approves-hennepin-avenue-redesign-plan-layout/89-3bd441c5-bea1-4223-a97d-92dc0ecfcd3e |access-date=2025-10-24 |website=kare11.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Frey wuxuu horumariyay fikradda ah in Nicollet Mall loo beddelo &quot;pedestrian utopia&quot; (meel loogu talagalay dadka lugeynaya) iyadoo laga weecinayo socodka basaska (socodka baabuurtu horay ayaa loo mamnuucay) loona weecinayo waddooyinka deriska ah lana dhiirigelinayo barnaamijyada bulshada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Longworth |first=Nick |date=2024-10-28 |title=Minneapolis plan includes open container 'social districts' and pedestrian mall |url=https://www.fox9.com/news/minneapolis-proposal-includes-open-container-social-districts-pedestrian-mall |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=Fox 9 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu kaloo taageeray [[Open-container law|goobaha furitaan-furan]] ee &quot;social districts&quot; ee magaalada dhexdeeda uuna isku dayay in dhismayaasha xafiisyada ee magaalada dhexdeeda ee aan la isticmaalin loo beddelo guryo.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt;
​[[File:2025Frey.jpg|thumb|right|Frey oo jooga xafiiska furan ee hoolka magaalada sanadkii 2025]]
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=== Xuquuqda cod bixinta iyo helitaanka ===

Isagoo ah guddoomiyaha Guddiga Doorashooyinka ee koonsilka, Frey wuxuu hormuud ka ahaa dadaalkii lagu ansixiyay amar looga baahan yahay mulkiilayaasha inay siiyaan dadka guryaha kireysta macluumaadka diiwaangelinta codbixiyayaasha. Amarkan ayaa u adeegay sidii tusaale qaran, iyadoo magaalooyinka sida Seattle iyo St. Paul ay raaceen. Garsoore maxkamad federaal ah ayaa markii dambe amarkaas ku tuuray inuu yahay mid ka hor imaanaya dastuurka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Navratil |first1=Liz |date=March 3, 2020 |title=Judge strikes down Minneapolis St. Paul rules requiring landlords to provide info on voting |url=https://www.startribune.com/judge-strikes-down-minneapolis-st-paul-rules-requiring-landlords-to-give-voter-registration-information/568442052/ |access-date=30 May 2020 |work=Star Tribune |archive-date=9 Bisha Lixaad 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609143125/https://www.startribune.com/judge-strikes-down-minneapolis-st-paul-rules-requiring-landlords-to-give-voter-registration-information/568442052/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Frey wuxuu kaloo hormuud ka ahaa dadaalka lagu ballaarinayo helitaanka cod bixinta hore ee Minneapolis ka hor doorashadii 2016, isagoo kordhiyay tirada goobaha cod bixinta hore ee Minneapolis hal goob ilaa shan goobood.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 4, 2017 |title=Jacob Frey, Mpls. City Council member, will run for mayor |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2017/01/03/jacob-frey-minneapolis-mayor-bid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103210711/https://www.mprnews.org/story/2017/01/03/jacob-frey-minneapolis-mayor-bid |archive-date=November 3, 2018 |access-date=November 3, 2018 |website=MPR News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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=== Guryaha iyo dadka aan guriga lahayn ===

Frey wuxuu qoray wax-ka-beddelka miisaaniyadda 2015 kaas oo kordhiyay maalgelinta Sanduuqa Amaanada Guryaha la awoodi karo ee magaalada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=2015 budget in City Council's court |url=http://stage.journalmpls.com/news/city-hall/2014/12/2015-budget-in-city-councils-court/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103210424/http://stage.journalmpls.com/news/city-hall/2014/12/2015-budget-in-city-councils-court/ |archive-date=November 3, 2018 |access-date=November 3, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Sanadkii 2018, miisaaniyaddii ugu horreysay ee Frey ee duq ahaan waxay si xooggan xoogga u saartay guryaha la awoodi karo. Qoondeynta $40 milyan ee loogu talagalay guryaha la awoodi karo waxay saddex jibbaar ka badneyd wixii magaaladu horay ugu bixin jirtay guryaha la awoodi karo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2018/09/how-minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-plans-to-spend-40-million-on-affordable-housing/|title=How Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey plans to spend $40 million on affordable housing|date=September 7, 2018|website=MinnPost|access-date=November 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104010041/https://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2018/09/how-minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-plans-to-spend-40-million-on-affordable-housing/|archive-date=November 4, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkaas, Koonsilka Magaalada Minneapolis ayaa ansixiyay Qorshaha Guud ee Minneapolis 2040, oo ah qorshe dib-u-habeyn oo dhanka aagagga ah oo dowladda gobolku u baahneyd.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-city-council-approves-2040-comprehensive-plan-on-12-1-vote/502178121/ |title=Minneapolis City Council approves 2040 comprehensive plan on 12-1 vote |website=Star Tribune |access-date=December 8, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207213406/http://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-city-council-approves-2040-comprehensive-plan-on-12-1-vote/502178121/ |archive-date=December 7, 2018 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.citylab.com/equity/2018/12/mayor-minneapolis-2040-affordable-housing-single-family-zoning/577657/|title=In Minneapolis, an Ambitious Rezoning Plan Scores a Historic Win|last=Capps|first=Kriston|work=Bloomberg|date=December 7, 2018 |language=en|access-date=December 8, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208054028/https://www.citylab.com/equity/2018/12/mayor-minneapolis-2040-affordable-housing-single-family-zoning/577657/|archive-date=December 8, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sida ay qortay majaladda ''[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]'', qorshuhu wuxuu &quot;u oggolaanayaa guryaha saddexda qoys ah ee xaafadaha deegaanka ee magaalada, wuxuu tirtirayaa shuruudaha ugu yar ee baarkinka ee dhismayaasha cusub, wuxuuna u oggolaanayaa dhismayaal cufnaan sare leh hareeraha waddooyinka gaadiidka.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://slate.com/business/2018/12/minneapolis-single-family-zoning-housing-racism.html|title=Minneapolis Just Passed the Most Important Housing Reform in America|last=Grabar|first=Henry|date=December 7, 2018|website=Slate Magazine|language=en|access-date=December 8, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207233657/https://slate.com/business/2018/12/minneapolis-single-family-zoning-housing-racism.html|archive-date=December 7, 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Slate'' waxay qortay in marka la hirgeliyo qorshahan, &quot;Minneapolis waxay noqon doontaa magaaladii ugu horreysay ee weyn ee Mareykan ah oo joojisa aagga guryaha hal qoyska ah, siyaasaddaas oo wax badan ka tartay xoojinta kala soocidda, kharashka guryaha oo sarreeya, iyo fiditaanka magaalada sidii qaabka magaalooyinka Mareykanka qarnigii la soo dhaafay.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;
​Sanadkii 2019, Frey wuxuu bilaabay barnaamijka tijaabada ah ee &quot;Stable Homes Stable Schools&quot;, oo ah iskaashi u dhexeeya Magaalada Minneapolis, Dugsiyada Dadweynaha Minneapolis, County-ga Hennepin, Hay'adda Guryaha Dadweynaha ee Minneapolis, iyo YMCA ee Waqooyiga si loo siiyo kaalmo guryo qoysaska leh carruurta ku qoran dugsiyada dadweynaha ee la kulmaya ama halis ugu jira inay gurila'aan noqdaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Wilson |first=Abbie |date=2019-05-23 |title=Stable Homes Stable Schools initiative providing housing to Minneapolis families |url=https://mphaonline.org/news/stable-homes-stable-schools-initiative-providing-housing-to-minneapolis-families/ |access-date=2025-10-24 |website=Minneapolis Public Housing Authority |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2020, ka dib markii ay u adeegeen in ka badan 2,000 oo ardayda dugsiyada dadweynaha ah, Frey wuxuu ballaariyay barnaamijka wuxuuna ka dhigay mid rasmi ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Onile-Ere |first=Bisi |date=2020-11-10 |title=Minneapolis' Stable Homes Stable Schools program becomes permanent resource |url=https://www.fox9.com/news/minneapolis-stable-homes-stable-schools-program-becomes-permanent-resource |access-date=2025-10-24 |website=Fox 9 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Markay ahayd 2025, barnaamijku wuxuu u adeegay in ka badan 6,600 oo carruur ah iyo in ka badan 2,300 oo qoys.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Wilson |first=Abbie |title=Stable Homes Stable Schools |url=https://mphaonline.org/housing-choice-vouchers/special-purpose-programs/stable-homes-stable-schools/ |access-date=2025-10-24 |website=Minneapolis Public Housing Authority |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Frey ma taageersan xakamaynta kirada, gaar ahaan dhismayaasha cusub.&lt;ref name=&quot;Halter&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Halter |first=Nick |date=2023-12-04 |title=How Mayor Frey fought rent control concerns behind the scenes |url=https://www.axios.com/local/twin-cities/2023/12/04/mayor-frey-minneapolis-rent-control-opposition |access-date=2025-05-31 |website=Axios |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu ka horyimid cod-bixintii dadweynaha ee 2021 taasoo u oggolaan lahayd tallaabooyinka xakamaynta kirada in loo tixgeliyo doorashooyinka mustaqbalka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Halter&quot; /&gt; Sanadkii 2023, wuxuu ku hanjabay inuu diidi doono xadka boqolkiiba saddex ee kordhinta kirada, isagoo soo xigtay hoos u dhaca 80% ee soo saarista guryaha ka dib markii St. Paul ay hirgelisay siyaasad la mid ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Goyette |first=Jared |date=2023-05-25 |title=Minneapolis Mayor promises to veto rent control ballot measure |url=https://www.fox9.com/news/minneapolis-rent-control-ballot-measure-advances-under-threat-of-veto |access-date=2025-05-31 |website=Fox 9 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stokes |first=Kyle |date=2023-04-19 |title=Minneapolis mayor and city staff oppose rent control. Can supporters move ahead without them? |url=https://www.minnpost.com/metro/2023/04/minneapolis-mayor-and-city-staff-oppose-rent-control-can-supporters-move-ahead-without-them/ |access-date=2025-10-24 |website=MinnPost |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Bishii Abriil 2025, Frey wuxuu soo xigtay bogga macluumaadka ee magaalada wuxuuna sheegay in 27 qof oo magaalada ku nool ay la kulmayeen gurila'aan aan gabbaad lahayn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Du |first=Susan |date=2025-04-14 |title=Minneapolis encampments are largely gone. Have homeless people been driven into the shadows? |url=https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-homeless-encampments-drop/601330631 |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=Star Tribune |language=en |archive-date=2025-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250530190336/https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-homeless-encampments-drop/601330631 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu hormuud ka ahaa kaxaynta xeryaha waaweyn uuna ku sifeeyay hoos u dhaca gurila'aanta mid ka dhashay taas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Brown |first=Kyle |date=2024-09-19 |title=Minneapolis City Council passes housing crisis policies as mayor expedites encampment closures |url=https://kstp.com/kstp-news/top-news/minneapolis-city-council-passes-housing-crisis-policies-as-mayor-expedites-encampment-closures/ |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=KSTP.com 5 Eyewitness News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Frey wuxuu dhaleeceyn kala kulmay doorkiisii xiritaanka &quot;Camp Nenookaasi&quot;, oo ahaa xero weyn oo ay ku noolaayeen inta badan dadka asalka ah (indigenous), ka dib markii toogasho ay ku dishay hal qof.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-01-04 |title=Minneapolis clears Camp Nenookaasi, an encampment of unhoused, mostly Native people |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2024/01/04/as-minneapolis-officials-prepare-to-clear-camp-nenookaasi-residents-pack-up |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=MPR News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
=== Booliiska iyo dib-u-habaynta booliiska ===

Frey wuxuu si joogto ah u taageeray kordhinta sanadlaha ah ee miisaaniyadda MPD.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-08-15 |title=Minneapolis mayor unveils plan to boost police funding closer to previous levels |url=https://www.police1.com/funding/articles/minneapolis-mayor-unveils-plan-to-boost-police-funding-closer-to-previous-levels-HUFv3sitMVg0CekA/ |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=Police1 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Frasier |first=Krystal |date=2024-12-10 |title=City Council adopts 2025 budget with record-setting 71 amendments, Frey's approval still needed |url=https://kstp.com/kstp-news/top-news/minneapolis-city-council-to-vote-tuesday-on-budget-public-hearing-begins-at-6-p-m/ |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=KSTP.com 5 Eyewitness News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kooxaha bulshada ayaa mudaaharaaday kordhintan iyo maalgelin la'aanta weyn ee loogu talagalay hababka badbaadada ee ay bulshadu hormuudka ka tahay.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2019 |title=St. Paul, Minneapolis struggle to build budgets that can rein in the violence |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2019/12/11/st-paul-mpls-struggle-to-build-budgets-that-can-rein-in-the-violence |access-date=2020-05-31 |website=MPR News}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-12-04 |title=Police Funding Criticized In Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey's Proposed 2020 Budget |url=https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2019/12/04/police-funding-criticized-in-minneapolis-mayor-jacob-freys-proposed-2020-budget/ |access-date=2020-05-31 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-08-16 |title=Two cities, two mayors' budgets — and now it's up to two city councils |url=https://www.minnpost.com/metro/2019/08/two-cities-two-mayors-budgets-and-now-its-up-to-two-city-councils/ |access-date=2020-05-31 |website=MinnPost |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Frey wuxuu soo bandhigay dib-u-habayn lagu sameeyay siyaasadda kaamirooyinka jirka ee [[Minneapolis Police Department]] bishii Abriil 2018, isagoo ku xiray u hoggaansanaan la'aanta ciqaabo asluub oo adag.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 4, 2018 |title=Mpls. mayor touts 'stronger, clearer, more precise' body cam policy |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2018/04/04/minneapolis-to-announce-changes-to-body-camera-rules |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103210811/https://www.mprnews.org/story/2018/04/04/minneapolis-to-announce-changes-to-body-camera-rules |archive-date=November 3, 2018 |access-date=November 3, 2018 |website=MPR News}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2019, Frey wuxuu ku dhawaaqay khudbadiisii &quot;State of the City&quot; in la mamnuucayo tababarka &quot;warrior&quot; (dagaalyahan) ee saraakiisha booliiska, kaasoo uu qaatay sarkaalkii dilay [[Shooting of Philando Castile|Philando Castile]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 19, 2019 |title=Minneapolis to ban 'warrior' training for police, Mayor Jacob Frey says |url=https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-to-ban-warrior-training-for-police/508756392/ |access-date=2020-05-31 |website=Star Tribune |archive-date=2020-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527144523/https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-to-ban-warrior-training-for-police/508756392/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
==== Jawaabta dilkii George Floyd ====

{{Further|Murder of George Floyd|George Floyd protests in Minneapolis–Saint Paul|}}
​Maajo 27, 2020, ka dib bilowgii [[George Floyd protests|mudaaharaadyadii ka dhashay dilkii George Floyd]], Frey wuxuu taageeray cayrinta afarta sarkaal ee booliiska ah ee ku lugta lahaa dhimashada. Maalintii ku xigtay, wuxuu ku baaqay dacwado dambiyeed in lagu soo oogo [[Derek Chauvin]], sarkaalkii xirayay ee jilibka saaray qoorta Floyd, isagoo yiri, &quot;Haddii aad adigu sameyn lahayd ama anigu aan sameyn lahaa, hadda waxaan ku jiri lahayn baararka gadaashooda.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.fox9.com/news/minneapolis-mayor-calls-for-charges-against-arresting-officer-in-death-of-george-floyd |title=Minneapolis mayor calls for charges against arresting officer in death of George Floyd |date=May 27, 2020 |access-date=May 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200528193546/https://www.fox9.com/news/minneapolis-mayor-calls-for-charges-against-arresting-officer-in-death-of-george-floyd |archive-date=May 28, 2020 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Juun 5, isagoo uga jawaabay mudaaharaadyada, Frey wuxuu amray isbeddello lagu sameeyo MPD kuwaas oo Koonsilka Magaaladu ansixiyay inay dhaqan-galaan isla markiiba.&lt;ref name=cooperation&gt;{{cite news |url=https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2020/06/05/mayor-jacob-frey-signs-temporary-restraining-order-forcing-immediate-policy-reforms-with-mpls-police-department/ |title='Layers Of Accountability': Mayor Jacob Frey Signs Temporary Restraining Order Forcing Immediate Reforms In Mpls. Police Dept. |website=CBS Minnesota |date=June 5, 2020 |access-date=June 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606051924/https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2020/06/05/mayor-jacob-frey-signs-temporary-restraining-order-forcing-immediate-policy-reforms-with-mpls-police-department/ |archive-date=June 6, 2020 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ahaa mamnuucista ceejinta iyo cadaadiska qoorta, iyadoo looga baahan yahay saraakiisha booliiska inay soo sheegaan oo ay dhex-galaan isticmaalka xoogga xad-dhaafka ah ee saraakiisha kale ay isticmaalayaan, uuna u baahan yahay oggolaansho ka timid taliyaha booliiska ama ku-xigeenadiisa ka hor inta aan la isticmaalin hubka xakameynta dadweynaha sida sunta dadka ka oohisa iyo rasaasta cinjirka ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.courthousenews.com/minneapolis-bans-police-chokeholds-in-first-step-of-reforms/ |title=Minneapolis Bans Police Chokeholds in First Step of Reforms |website=Courthouse News Service |date=June 5, 2020 |first=Andy |last=Monserud |access-date=June 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606003126/https://www.courthousenews.com/minneapolis-bans-police-chokeholds-in-first-step-of-reforms/ |archive-date=June 6, 2020 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2020/06/05/minneapolis-to-ban-police-chokeholds-in-wake-of-floyd-death |title=Minneapolis to ban police chokeholds in wake of Floyd death |website=Minnesota Public Radio News|date=June 5, 2020|access-date=June 10, 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Juun 6, kumanaan mudaaharaadayaal ah oo u ololeynayay [[Police abolition movement in Minneapolis|baabi'inta]] MPD ayaa u soo socday guriga Frey waxayna ka dalbadeen inuu soo baxo si uu ula hadlo dadka.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |first1=Amir |last1=Vera |first2=Hollie |last2=Silverman |date=2020-06-07 |title=Minneapolis mayor booed by protesters after refusing to defund and abolish police |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/07/us/minneapolis-mayor-police-abolition |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=CNN |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mudaaharaadayaasha ayaa weydiiyay Frey, oo xirnaa maaskaro wejiga ah oo ay ku qoran yihiin ereyada &quot;[[I can't breathe]]&quot;, inuu ballan-qaadayo inuu ka jari doono maalgelinta MPD.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; Wuxuu ku jawaabay, &quot;Ma taageersan baabi'inta buuxda ee booliiska.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | date=2020-06-06 | title=Minneapolis mayor booed out of protest after reportedly refusing to defund police | url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/minneapolis-mayor-protest-defund-police | website=FoxNews}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dadkii soo qaybgalay ayaa ku dhawaaqayay &quot;gurigaaga ahow&quot; iyo &quot;ceeb&quot; Frey markii uu ka tagayay ka dib jawaabtiisii.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Minneapolis Mayor Frey tells 'DefundMPD' marchers he favors reforms over disbanding|url=https://www.startribune.com/frey-tells-defundmpd-marchers-he-favors-reforms-over-disbanding/571075452/|access-date=2020-06-07|website=Star Tribune|date=June 7, 2020|archive-date=2021-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204172725/https://www.startribune.com/frey-tells-defundmpd-marchers-he-favors-reforms-over-disbanding/571075452/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-06-06|title=Minneapolis Mayor Booed Out of BLM Protest: 'Go Home, Jacob, Go Home!'|url=https://www.mediaite.com/news/watch-as-minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-is-booed-out-of-blm-protest-to-chants-of-go-home-jacob-go-home/|access-date=2020-06-07|website=Mediaite|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Abriil 20, 2021, ka dib markii [[Derek Chauvin]] lagu helay dambi dil ah, Frey wuxuu ku qoray&lt;ref&gt;{{cite tweet|number=1384619597576474625|user=MayorFrey|title=George Floyd came to Minneapolis to...|date=April 20, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Twitter-ka: &quot;George Floyd wuxuu u yimid Minneapolis si uu noloshiisa u hagaajiyo. Laakiin ugu dambeyntii noloshiisu waxay hagaajisay magaaladeena. Xeer-beegtida waxay ku biireen xukun la wadaago kaas oo Minneapolis firfircooneeyay 11-kii bilood ee la soo dhaafay. Waxay diideen inay iska indha-tiraan waxayna xaqiijiyeen inuu weli halkaan joogi lahaa maanta.&quot; Bayaankan si weyn ayaa loo dhaleeceeyay{{By whom|date=January 2026}}{{Why|date=January 2026}} kuwo badan ayaa ka dalbaday Frey inuu shaqada ka ceyriyo shaqaalihiisa xiriirka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Uren|first=Abdi|date=21 April 2021|title=Jacob Frey, police union, Nancy Pelosi criticized for post-verdict comments|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://bringmethenews.com/minnesota-news/jacob-frey-police-union-nancy-pelosi-criticized-for-post-verdict-comments|access-date=3 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Frey wuxuu sheegay inuu cadaadis saaray Guddoomiye [[Tim Walz]] si uu u geeyo Ilaalada Qaranka (National Guard) si loo demiyo kacdoonkii 2020 markii Walz uu ka cagajiidayay inuu sidaas sameeyo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bjorhus |first=Jennifer |date=2020-08-04 |title=Mayor Frey: Gov. Walz hesitated to deploy National Guard during Minneapolis riots |url=https://www.startribune.com/mayor-frey-gov-walz-hesitated-to-deploy-national-guard-during-minneapolis-riots/571999292 |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=Star Tribune |language=en |archive-date=2025-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250525093352/https://www.startribune.com/mayor-frey-gov-walz-hesitated-to-deploy-national-guard-during-minneapolis-riots/571999292 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Waxaa la diiwaangeliyay in xoogga ay Waaxda Booliiska Minneapolis u isticmaashay mudaaharaadayaasha intii uu socday kacdoonku ay sababtay heerarka dhaawacyada oo aad u sarreeya, iyo [[University of Minnesota]] waxay ogaatay inay jabisay mabaadi'da [[United Nations]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Wagner |first=Dennis |date=2021-05-28 |title=Minneapolis police injured protesters with rubber bullets. The city has taken little action. |url=http://www.minnpost.com/other-nonprofit-media/2021/05/minneapolis-police-injured-protesters-with-rubber-bullets-the-city-has-taken-little-action/ |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=MinnPost |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-01-15 |title=U of M Study Finds Less-Lethal Weapons Used During George Floyd Protests Inappropriate For Crowd Control, Violated UN Guidelines |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/u-of-m-study-finds-less-lethal-weapons-used-during-george-floyd-protests-inappropriate-for-crowd-control-violated-un-guidelines/ |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=CBS News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Oktoobar 2024, maamulka Frey wuxuu soo jeediyay dib-u-habayn lagu sameeyo aagga [[George Floyd Square]] taasoo u oggolaan lahayd gaadiidka inay si buuxda ugu soo laabtaan wadada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt; Sanadkii 2025, wuxuu diiday tallaabo ay Koonsilka Magaaladu ku doonayeen inay fagaaraha ugu beddelaan [[pedestrian mall]] (meel dadka uun lugoodaan), isagoo soo xigtay ka qaybgalkii bulshada ee hore ee taageeray qorshihiisa lagu oggolaanayo socodka baabuurta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Winter |first=Deena |date=2025-02-27 |title=Minneapolis City Council overrides mayor's veto of its plan for George Floyd Square |url=https://www.startribune.com/george-floyd-square-plan-minneapolis-city-council/601228648 |access-date=2025-05-31 |website=Star Tribune |language=en |archive-date=2025-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250515161013/https://www.startribune.com/george-floyd-square-plan-minneapolis-city-council/601228648 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Maajo 2025, ka dib markii [[US Justice Department]] uu kala laabtay [[consent decree]]-kii waajibinayay dib-u-habaynta MPD, Frey wuxuu sheegay in magaaladu ay sii wadi doonto hirgelinta dib-u-habaynta ku cad wareegtada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rantala |first=Jason |date=2025-05-27 |title=Federal judge dismisses Minneapolis Police Department's proposed consent decree |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/federal-judge-dismisses-minneapolis-police-department-consent-decree/ |access-date=2025-06-04 |website=CBS News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
==== Siyaasadihii booliiska ee dambe ====

Nofeembar 2020, Frey wuxuu ku dhawaaqay in MPD laga mamnuucay isticmaalka warqadaha ogolaanshaha toogashada ee aan digniinta lahayn [[no-knock warrant]]s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Amir Locke shooting: Mayor Frey admits campaign claims didn't reflect 'no-knock' warrant change |url=https://www.fox9.com/news/amir-locke-shooting-mayor-frey-admits-campaign-claims-on-no-knock-policy-lacked-nuance.amp |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=Fox 9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka dib [[killing of Amir Locke|dilkii Amir Locke]] ee horraantii 2022, Frey wuxuu qirtay in aan dhab ahaan la hirgelin mamnuucistaas.&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt; Waxaa kaloo lagu dhaleeceeyay inuu ka baxay shir jaraa'id oo ku saabsanaa mowduucaas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-02-09 |title=Amir Locke Killing Draws Thousands Downtown, Presser Disruptions, and Protest Outside Police Chief's Home |url=https://unicornriot.ninja/2022/amir-locke-killing-draws-thousands-downtown-presser-disruptions-and-protest-outside-police-chiefs-home/ |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=Unicorn Riot |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Agoosto 2022, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in MPD, intay ku jirtay gacanta Frey, ay &quot;go'aansatay inay isticmaasho diyaaradaha aan duuliyaha lahayn (drones)&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=Despite Widespread Mistrust, Minneapolis PD to Fly Surveillance Drones |url=https://unicornriot.ninja/2022/despite-widespread-mistrust-minneapolis-pd-to-fly-surveillance-drones/ |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=Unicorn Riot |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iibsashada drones-ka iyo siyaasadda isticmaalkooda waxay sii socotay in kasta oo dhaleeceyn ay ka timid kulankii guddiga koonsilka magaalada halkaas oo looga hadlayay.&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot; /&gt;
​Luulyo 2023, Frey wuxuu saxiixay amar fulin oo faraya MPD inay ka dhigaan dhaqangelinta shuruucda khuseeya dhirta [[:en:Entheogen|entheogenic]], sida boqoshaada [[:en:Psilocybin mushroom|psychoactive]], &quot;mudnaanta ugu hooseysa ee dhaqangelinta sharciga&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-07-21 |title=Minneapolis mayor says police will look the other way on some psychedelic drugs |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2023/07/21/minneapolis-will-lessen-enforcement-of-laws-on-psychedelics-mayor-orders |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=MPR News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Frey wuxuu kaloo si joogto ah u taageeray sharciyeynta [[cannabis]]-ka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |first=Pauleen |last=Le |date=2023-04-27 |title=Minneapolis mayor calls recreational cannabis legislation a &quot;long overdue step&quot; |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/minneapolis-mayor-calls-recreational-cannabis-legislation-a-long-overdue-step/ |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=CBS News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
=== Heerka magaalada magan-gelyada ah ===

Janaayo 2025, ka dib markii [[University of Minnesota]] ay sheegtay inay u hoggaansami doonto [[:en:Immigration and Customs Enforcement|Immigration and Customs Enforcement]] (ICE), Frey wuxuu u sheegay warbaahinta in Magaalada Minneapolis aysan ka caawin doonin aqoonsiga dadka aan haysan warqadaha uuna MPD aysan caawin doonin ICE.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=O'Connor |first=Jack |title=UMN will comply with court-backed ICE immigration orders |url=https://mndaily.com/292222/top-story/umn-will-comply-with-ice-immigration-orders/ |access-date=2025-06-04 |website=The Minnesota Daily}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maarso 2025, Frey wuxuu sheegay in Minneapolis ay sii ahaan doonto [[sanctuary city|magaalo magan-gelyo]] u ah dadka aan haysan warqadaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fitzgerald |first=Kilat |date=2025-03-21 |title=Frey says Mpls is a 'safe haven' for undocumented immigrants, trans community |url=https://www.fox9.com/news/frey-safe-haven-mpls-undocumented-immigrants-trans-community |access-date=2025-06-04 |website=Fox 9 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Juun 4, 2025, Waaxda Booliiska Minneapolis waxay qabatay xakameynta dadweynaha intii lagu jiray howlgal Amniga Gudaha (Homeland Security) ah oo ka dhacay Koonfurta Minneapolis iyadoo ay goobjoog ka ahaayeen wakiillo labisan oo ICE ah. Warbixin madax-bannaan oo uu soo saaray hantidhowrka magaalada Minneapolis ayaa lagu ogaaday in Waaxda Booliiska Minneapolis aysan jabin amarka kala-soocidda ee magaalada, kaasoo ka mamnuucaya booliiska inay si toos ah uga qayb-qaataan dhaqangelinta socdaalka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Thamer |first=Sarah |date=2025-08-05 |title=Audit: Minneapolis did not violate separation ordinance during June federal investigation |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2025/08/05/audit-minneapolis-did-not-violate-separation-ordinance-during-june-federal-investigation |access-date=2025-10-24 |website=MPR News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author1=Andrew Hazzard |author2=Katelyn Vue |author3=Alfonzo Galvan |date=2025-06-03 |title=Law enforcement action on Lake Street in Mpls. draws large crowd |url=https://sahanjournal.com/public-safety/minneapolis-lake-street-law-enforcement-ice-homeland-security/ |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=Sahan Journal |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Deegaanka===

Sanadkii 2016, Frey wuxuu qoray amar u baahan wasakheeyayaasha inay bixiyaan kharashyo ku saleysan cadadka wasakhowga ay soo saaraan. Kharashyadaas waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu taageero hagaajinta ganacsiyada saaxiibka la ah deegaanka (green business). Frey iyo Magaalada Minneapolis waxaa lagu maamuusay Shirweynihii Duqa Magaalooyinka Mareykanka ee 2018 guushii barnaamijkaas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=12th Anniversary Winners Mayors' Climate Protection Awards |url=http://www.usmayors.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/climateawards2018.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103210527/http://www.usmayors.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/climateawards2018.pdf |archive-date=November 3, 2018 |access-date=November 3, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​

=== Roof Depot ===

Sanadkii 2016, Magaalada Minneapolis waxay iibsatay hantida Roof Depot ee xaafadda [[Neighborhoods of Minneapolis|Phillips]], oo ahaan jirtay goob laga soo saaro sunta cayayaanka, iyadoo ku iibsatay $6.8 milyan, iyadoo qorshaynaysa inay ballaariso xarunteeda Hawlaha Guud. Mashruuca waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu beddelo xarun biyood duug ah.
​Goobta waxaa loo ogaaday inay si aad ah u wasakhaysan tahay [[arsenic]], taasoo keentay walaac bulsho oo ku saabsan khataraha caafimaad ee ka dhalan kara dumin kasta oo loo baahdo si goobta dib loogu habeeyo.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stokes |first=Kyle |date=2023-02-27 |title=The long, bitter fight over Minneapolis' Roof Depot site, explained |url=http://www.minnpost.com/environment/2023/02/the-long-bitter-fight-over-minneapolis-roof-depot-site-explained/ |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=MinnPost |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Frey wuxuu sheegay in dumintu ay si ammaan ah u socon karto iyadoo la raacayo taxaddar adag, laakiin dadka deegaanka ayaa weli ka soo horjeeday. Dadka deggan [[Little Earth]], oo ah xaafad ay degan yihiin dadka asalka ah oo u dhow goobta, ayaa dhaleeceeyay mashruuca.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Ka soo horjeedka duminta waxaa hormuud ka ahaa East Phillips Neighborhood Institute (EPNI), kaasoo u ololeeyay in hantida loo beddelo beer magaalo, oo ay ku dhan yihiin beeraha joogtada ah iyo goobaha bulshada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;
​Sanadkii 2022, ka dib cod koonsil oo muran badan ka dhashay oo lagu joojinayay mashruuca, Frey wuxuu soo saaray diidmo (veto) kaasoo qorshihii duminta sii hayay wadada. &lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;
​Bishii Febraayo 2023, dad u ololeeya ayaa si kooban u qabsaday goobta Roof Depot si ay isugu dayaan inay joojiyaan duminta. Maamulka Frey wuxuu amray MPD inay ka saaraan dadka qabsaday, taasoo keentay in la xiro lix mudaaharaade, oo qaar badan oo ka mid ah ay ku lug lahaayeen [[American Indian Movement]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Wax yar ka dib mudaaharaadkaas, Maxkamadda Rafcaanka ee Minnesota ayaa si ku-meel-gaar ah u joojisay duminta, iyadoo siisay dadka u ololeeya fursad yar oo ay ku raadsadaan rafcaan. Laakiin Frey ma uusan muujin wax u jan-jeera inuu joojiyo mashruuca, isagoo xoogga saaray ka go'naanta magaalada ee xarunta hawlaha guud.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Frey wuxuu soo bandhigay dalabyo ah in hantida loo kala qeybiyo hawlaha guud iyo isticmaalka bulshada, laakiin EPNI iyo kooxaha kale ee u ololeeya waxay ku doodayaan in tanaasulkaas uu weli mudnaanta siinayo horumarinta warshadaha halkii caafimaadka dadka deegaanka.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;
​Agoosto 2025, Frey waxaa loo qorsheeyay inuu la kulmo EPNI si looga hadlo waqtiga kama dambaysta ah ee soo dhow ee iibsashada Roof Depot oo ahayd $16 milyan. EPNI waxay ururiyeen in ka badan $10 milyan waxayna ka horyimaadeen qiimaha iibka iyagoo ku doodayay in qiimeyn dhowaan lagu sameeyay hantida lagu ogaaday in qiimaheeda suuqu yahay qiyaastii $3.7 milyan. Frey wuxuu joojiyay kulanka ka dib markii uu bartay in Climate Justice Committee, oo ah urur deegaan oo maxalli ah oo aan xiriir la lahayn, ay qorshaynayeen isu-soobax lagu taageerayo iibsashada EPNI ee Roof Depot kaas oo ku dhamaan lahaa banaanka gurigiisa. Isu-soobaxii waa la raray codsi ka yimid shaqaalaha EPNI, laakiin kulankii dib looma dhigin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Du |first=Susan |date=2025-08-27 |title=Protest moved from Frey's home as concerns rise over safety for public officials |url=https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-protest-jacob-frey-home-moved/601461518 |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=www.startribune.com |language=en |archive-date=2025-09-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250907124735/https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-protest-jacob-frey-home-moved/601461518 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
=== Xiriirka shaqada ===

Frey wuxuu ku lug lahaa diyaarinta amarkii koonsilka ee 2016 ee fasaxa jirada ee lacagta leh iyo amarkii mushaharka ugu yar ee 2017. Wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah xubnihii koonsilka ee ugu horreeyay ee taageeray kordhinta mushaharka ugu yar ee magaalada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 20, 2015 |title=Minneapolis mayor does not back citywide minimum wage increase |url=https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-mayor-does-not-back-citywide-minimum-wage-increase/292810551/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200306135316/http://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-mayor-does-not-back-citywide-minimum-wage-increase/292810551/ |archive-date=March 6, 2020 |access-date=May 27, 2020 |website=Star Tribune}}&lt;/ref&gt; Frey wuxuu qoray wax-ka-beddel amarka mushaharka ugu yar kaas oo siinaya ganacsiyada yaryar waqti ka dheer kuwa waaweyn si ay u hirgeliyaan mushaharka ugu yar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 30, 2017 |title=Minneapolis council approves $15 an hour minimum wage |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2017/06/30/minneapolis-council-approves-15-dollar-minimum-wage |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103211043/https://www.mprnews.org/story/2017/06/30/minneapolis-council-approves-15-dollar-minimum-wage |archive-date=November 3, 2018 |access-date=November 3, 2018 |website=MPR News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Intii ay socotay khudbadiisii &quot;State of the City&quot; ee 2023, Frey wuxuu ka codsaday shaqaalaha inay ku soo laabtaan xafiisyadooda magaalada dhexdeeda ugu yaraan saddex maalmood usbuucii.&lt;ref name=rc&gt;{{Cite web |last1=Chapman |first1=Reg |last2=Henderson |first2=Eric |date=2024-02-08 |title=Minneapolis Mayor Frey says comment that remote workers would turn into &quot;losers&quot; was a joke |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-remote-workers-losers-comments-downtown-council-joke/ |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=CBS News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Horraantii 2024, Frey wuxuu u sheegay ka qaybgalayaashii kulanka sanadlaha ah ee Minneapolis Downtown Council in dadka guriga uga shaqeeya in ka badan saddex bilood ay noqonayaan &quot;losers&quot; (kuwo guuldareystay), taasoo laga yaabo inay calaamad u ahayd taageerada dadaallada dib-u-soo-celinta xafiisyada ee danaha maalgashiga guryaha ganacsiga.&lt;ref name=rc/&gt; Frey wuxuu sheegay in tani ay ahayd kaftan si khaldan loo fahmay.&lt;ref name=rc/&gt; Sidoo kale horraantii 2024, wuxuu diiday (veto) laba sharci oo loogu talagalay in lagu xaqiijiyo in adeegyada gaadiidka la wadaago sida [[Uber]] iyo [[Lyft]] ay bixiyaan magdhow u dhigma ugu yaraan mushaharka ugu yar ee magaalada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nesterak |first=Max |date=2024-03-14 |title=Minneapolis Council overrides mayor's veto of Uber and Lyft minimum rates |url=https://minnesotareformer.com/2024/03/14/minneapolis-council-overrides-mayors-veto-of-uber-and-lyft-minimum-rates/ |access-date=2025-05-31 |website=Minnesota Reformer |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Bishii Sebtembar 2024, Frey wuxuu diiday (veto) dhisitaanka guddi heerarka shaqada ah kaasoo bixin lahaa talooyin siyaasadeed oo loogu talagalay Koonsilka Magaalada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Keefer |first=Winter |date=2024-11-13 |title=What to know about the Minneapolis Labor Standards Board |url=http://www.minnpost.com/metro/2024/11/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-proposed-minneapolis-labor-standards-board/ |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=MinnPost |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka dib markii Koonsilka Magaaladu ay iska indha-tireen codsigoodii hore, 40 milkiileyaal ganacsi oo midab leh ayaa habeeyay codsi ay kaga dhaadhicinayaan duqa inuu diido guddigaas.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.kare11.com/article/money/business/nearly-400-business-owners-letter-opposing-minneapolis-labor-standards-board/89-99f0d4e5-3503-4bfe-9a7a-f3f2c5425768 |title=Nearly 400 business owners send letter opposing Minneapolis Labor Standards Board|access-date=2025-07-21 |website=Kare 11|date=November 20, 2024 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Frey wuxuu taageeray fikradda laba sano ka hor laakiin wuxuu diiday ka dib markii wax-ka-beddelka Koonsilka Magaaladu ay keentay in hoggaamiyeyaasha ganacsigu ay ka baxaan, iyagoo aan diyaar u ahayn inay ka adeegaan guddi ay u arkeen inuu dhinac u jan-jeero.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-12-05 |title=Minneapolis City Council fails to override veto on labor standards board |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2024/12/05/minneapolis-city-council-fails-override-veto-on-labor-standards-board |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=MPR News |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://bringmethenews.com/minnesota-business/debate-over-approved-minneapolis-labor-board-that-could-influence-industry-wide-pay-more |title=Debate over approved Minneapolis labor board that could influence industry-wide pay, more |access-date=2025-07-21 |website=Bring me the News|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​

===Jawaabaha u ololeeyayaasha Falastiin taageer===

Horraantii 2024, Frey wuxuu diiday qaraar xabbad-joojin ah oo Koonsilka Magaaladu u diyaariyeen si looga jawaabo [[Gaza war|dagaalka Gaza]] ka dib [[October 7 attacks|weerarradii Oktoobar 7]], isagoo nooca la ansixiyay ugu yeeray &quot;mid hal dhinac u jan-jeera&quot; sababtoo ah wuxuu &quot;ku dhowaad tirtirayaa [taariikhda] Yuhuudda Israa'iil&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt; Frey wuxuu soo saaray noociisa qaraarka xabbad-joojinta kaasoo taageerayay [[two-state solution|xalka labada dowladood]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-02-08 |title=Minneapolis overrides mayor's veto of cease-fire resolution |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2024/02/08/minneapolis-overrides-mayors-veto-of-ceasefire-resolution |access-date=2025-05-31 |website=MPR News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Bishii Diseembar 2024, Frey wuxuu diiday bayaan taageero oo loogu talagalay cafis loo fidiyo ardayda qabsaday uuna waxyeelleeyay dhismaha kambaska [[University of Minnesota]] iyagoo rajeynayay inay jaamacadda ka dhaadhiciyaan inay ka baxdo maalgashiga hantida Israa'iil iyo soosaarayaasha hubka uuna lagu ciqaabay taas.&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-12-09 |title=Frey vetoes measure supporting pro-Palestinian protesters who occupied U of M building |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2024/12/09/minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-vetoes-resolution-supporting-university-of-minnesota-protesters |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=MPR News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Frey wuxuu sheegay inuu diiday qaraarka &quot;isagoon ka laba-labeyn&quot; sababtoo ah ma uusan taageerin &quot;waxyeellaynta hantida iyo khatar gelinta badbaadada dadka kale&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;
​

=== Qorshayaasha dib loogu dhisayo &quot;third precinct&quot; ===

Bishii Oktoobar 2024, ka dib booqasho uu [[JD Vance]] ku tagay goobtii Saldhigga 3-aad ee Booliiska Minneapolis (3rd Police Precinct), oo la gubay intii uu socday kacdoonkii 2020, Frey wuxuu ku boorriyay Koonsilka Magaalada inay ansixiyaan qorshe dhismihii jiray ku beddelaya &quot;xarun dimuqraadiyad&quot;, taasoo hoy u noqon doonta xafiisyada doorashada ee magaalada oo ay weheliso meel loogu talagalay urur bulsho.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Maya |title=Minneapolis City Council approves next steps for the democracy center |url=https://mndaily.com/293844/city/minneapolis-city-council-approves-next-steps-for-the-democracy-center/ |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=The Minnesota Daily}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Keefer |first=Winter |date=2025-04-16 |title=Minneapolis City Council to take key vote on former Third Precinct |url=http://www.minnpost.com/metro/2025/04/minneapolis-city-council-to-take-pivotal-vote-on-the-future-of-the-former-third-precinct/ |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=MinnPost |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Longworth |first=Nick |date=2024-10-15 |title=JD Vance, Minneapolis Mayor Frey exchange words over state of city |url=https://www.fox9.com/news/vance-minneapolis-frey-exchange |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=Fox 9 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhaleeceeyayaasha qorshahan ayaa muujiyay niyad-jab ah in soo jeedintii dalabyada ahaa ee isticmaalka kale ee ay soo gudbiyeen kooxaha bulshada lagu gacan seyray iyadoon si dhab ah looga fiirsan xarunta dimuqraadiyadda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pross |first=Katrina |date=2024-08-19 |title=Community members feel unheard in redevelopment of Third Precinct |url=http://sahanjournal.com/policing-justice/minneapolis-police-third-precinct-democracy-center/ |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=Sahan Journal |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Xafiiska duqa wuxuu qabtay la-tashiyo bulsho si looga caawiyo go'aan ka gaarista meesha Saldhigga 3-aad dib loogu dhisayo, natiijooyinka la sheegayna waxay tilmaameen inaan dib loogu dhisin meeshii hore.&lt;ref name=hjp&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pan |first=H. Jiahong |date=2023-07-26 |title=Minneapolis decides on Third Precinct location, for now |url=http://spokesman-recorder.com/2023/07/26/minneapolis-decides-on-third-precinct-location-for-now/ |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Geeddi-socodka la-tashiga dadweynaha si weyn ayaa loo dhaleeceeyay inuu ahaa mid loogu talagalay in lagu soo saaro oggolaansho qorshe horay loo sii go'aamiyay oo saldhigga dib loogu dhisayo iyadoo aan loo oggolaan dadka inay sheegaan inaysan rabin in saldhigga dib loo dhiso gabi ahaanba.&lt;ref name=hjp/&gt;
​[[File:Jacob Frey, Minneapolis City Council Member (23389742119).jpg|thumb|Frey oo jooga dhegeysiga miisaaniyadda [[Minneapolis City Council]] sanadkii 2015]]
​

== Taariikhda doorashada ==

=== Doorashada duqa Minneapolis ee 2025 ===

{{main|2025 Minneapolis mayoral election}}
​Frey mar kale ayaa loo doortay xilli saddexaad sanadkii 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey announces final re-election bid |url=https://www.fox9.com/news/minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-re-election-bid-2025 |access-date=27 October 2025 |work=Fox 9 KMSP |date=January 29, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Wuxuu raadiyay taageerada [[Minneapolis DFL]] isagoo garab socday DeWayne Davis, [[Omar Fateh]], Jazz Hampton, iyo Brenda Short shirweynihii taageerada ee bishii Luulyo 19, 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Candidates Seeking Minneapolis DFL Endorsement |url=https://minneapolisdfl.org/2025/candidates-seeking-endorsement |access-date=July 13, 2025 |website=Minneapolis DFL |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shirweynuhu wuxuu taageeray musharax duq magaalada ah oo ku jira tartan lagu loolamayay markii ugu horreysay tan iyo 1997, iyadoo Fateh uu ku guuleystay taageerada ka dib markii uu helay 43.58% codadkii wareegii ugu horreeyay uuna helay in ka badan 60% wareegii labaad.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stokes |first=Kyle |date=July 20, 2025 |title=Minneapolis Democrats endorse democratic socialist for mayor |url=https://www.axios.com/local/twin-cities/2025/07/20/omar-fateh-minneapolis-dfl-endorsement-mayor |access-date=July 21, 2025 |website=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Taageerayaasha Frey ayaa la sheegay inay ka qayb-qaateen [[:en:Walkout (political)|ka-bixitaan]] intii lagu jiray cod bixintii labaad, oo ah xeelad loogu talagalay in lagu jabiyo kooramka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2025-07-21 |title=Explained: Who is Somalian-American Omar Fateh - and how he won Democratic nomination of Mayor of Minneapolis |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/us/explained-who-is-somalian-american-omar-fateh-and-how-he-won-democratic-nomination-of-of-minneapolis/articleshow/122816313.cms |access-date=2025-09-28 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ololaha Frey wuxuu racfaan ka qaatay guusha Fateh ee xisbiga gobolka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Du |first=Susan |date=July 20, 2025 |title=Minneapolis DFL convention endorses democratic socialist Omar Fateh for mayor over Jacob Frey |url=https://www.startribune.com/can-minneapolis-dfl-party-find-enough-unity-to-endorse-a-mayoral-candidate/601431524 |access-date=July 20, 2025 |website=[[Minnesota Star Tribune]] |language=en-US |archive-date=Bisha Todobaad 19, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250719205310/https://www.startribune.com/can-minneapolis-dfl-party-find-enough-unity-to-endorse-a-mayoral-candidate/601431524 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Agoosto 21, Minnesota DFL waxay ka laabatay taageeradii Fateh, iyagoo soo xigtay fashil ku yimid geeddi-socodkii cod bixinta, oo ay ku jirtay qalad dhanka isticmaalka software-ka cod bixinta iyo xaashida diiwaangelinta oo si liidata loo ammaanay. DFL-ka gobolka wuxuu saaray Minneapolis DFL muddo tijaabo ah oo laba sano ah uuna ka mamnuucay inay qabtaan shirweyne labaad ama haddii kale ay ku taageeraan doorashada duqa ee 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2025-08-21 |title=Minnesota's Democratic Party Revokes Endorsement of Mayoral Candidate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/21/us/minnesotas-democratic-party-revokes-endorsement-of-mayoral-candidate.html |access-date=2025-08-22 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Minneapolis DFL ayaa racfaan ka qaatay, iyagoo soo xigtay iska hor-imaad dano uuna sheegay in guddigii go'aanka gaaray uu ku kacay wax ka baxsan awooddooda.&lt;ref name=&quot;mplsdfl-challenge&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hunter |first1=Madison |date=September 5, 2025 |title=Minneapolis DFL appeals decision to revoke Omar Fateh's endorsement for mayor |url=https://www.fox9.com/news/minneapolis-dfl-appeals-decision-revoke-omar-fatehs-endorsement-mayor |access-date=7 September 2025 |work=Fox 9 KMSP}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rafcaankii waa lagu guuldareystay uuna DFL wuxuu taageeray go'aankiisii ahaa in laga laabto taageeradii Fateh.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Thompson |first1=Howard |title=Minneapolis DFL loses appeal over Fateh mayoral endorsement |url=https://www.fox9.com/news/minneapolis-dfl-loses-appeal-over-fateh-mayoral-endorsement |access-date=27 October 2025 |work=Fox 9 KMSP |date=September 29, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Markay ahayd Luulyo 28, Frey wuxuu ururiyay $538,000 oo ah lacagaha ololaha, waana kan ugu badan ee musharax kasta oo tartanka ku jira, isagoo ka horreeya Fateh oo ururiyay $213,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stokes |first=Kyle |date=2025-08-04 |title=Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey out-fundraises challengers in first half of 2025 |url=https://www.axios.com/local/twin-cities/2025/08/04/minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-out-fundraises-challengers-in-first-half-of-2025 |access-date=2025-09-27 |website=Axios |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa taageeray &quot;All of Minneapolis&quot;, oo ah guddi ficil siyaasadeed (PAC) oo loogu talagalay horumarinta dimuqraadiyiinta dhexdhexaadka ah ee xafiisyada siyaasadda ee Minneapolis.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=All of Mpls |url=https://www.allofmpls.org/ |access-date=2025-09-27 |website=All of Mpls |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Who is Funding &quot;All of Minneapolis?&quot; {{!}} Minneapolis Times |url=https://minneapolistimes.com/who-is-funding-all-of-minneapolis/ |access-date=2025-09-27 |website=minneapolistimes.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Nofeembar 4, Frey waxaa loo doortay xilli saddexaad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.fox9.com/election/minneapolis-mayor-2025-election-results|title=Live results: Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey wins re-election over Sen. Omar Fateh|publisher=Fox 9|date=November 5, 2025|accessdate=November 5, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka dib laba wareeg oo tirinta codadka ah, Frey wuxuu helay 50.03% codadkii, taasoo ku filan inuu si toos ah ugu guuleysto ka dib markii xulashooyinkii labaad iyo saddexaad la kala wareejiyay. Fateh wuxuu taagnaa 44.37%, halka qiyaastii 5.5% codadkii ay noqdeen kuwo dhammaaday ka dib markii dookhyadii codbixiyayaasha la tirtiray.&lt;ref name=&quot;official-results-25&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=2025 Mayor results |url=https://vote.minneapolismn.gov/results-data/election-results/2025/mayor/ |access-date=2025-11-08 |website=City of Minneapolis |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​{{Election box ranked choice begin
|title=2025 Minneapolis mayoral general election&lt;ref name=&quot;official-results-25&quot;/&gt;}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link
|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate='''Jacob Frey (incumbent)'''
|maxround=2
|maxvotes=73723
|maxvotespercent=50.03
|r1votes=61444
|fullwidthvotes=73723}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link
|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate=[[Omar Fateh]]
|maxround=2
|maxvotes=65377
|maxvotespercent=44.37
|r1votes=46614
|fullwidthvotes=73723}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link
|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate=DeWayne Davis
|maxround=1
|maxvotes=20414
|maxvotespercent=13.85
|r1votes=20414
|fullwidthvotes=73723}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link
|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate=Jazz Hampton
|maxround=1
|maxvotes=15339
|maxvotespercent=10.41
|r1votes=15339
|fullwidthvotes=73723}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate
|party=''Various''
|candidate=''All others''{{efn|name=&quot;others&quot;}}
|maxround=1
|maxvotes=3432
|maxvotespercent=2.33
|r1votes=3432
|fullwidthvotes=73723}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link|party=Write-in|candidate=|maxround=1|maxvotes=113|maxvotespercent=0.08|r1votes=113|fullwidthvotes=73723}}
{{Election box ranked choice end}}
​
=== Doorashada duqa Minneapolis ee 2021 ===

{{main|2021 Minneapolis mayoral election}}
​{{Election box ranked choice begin
|title=2021 Minneapolis mayoral general election}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link
|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate='''Jacob Frey (incumbent)'''
|maxround=2
|maxvotes=70669
|maxvotespercent=56.2
|r1votes=61468
|fullwidthvotes=70669}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party|candidate=[[Kate Knuth]]|maxround=2|maxvotes=55007|maxvotespercent=43.8|r1votes=26444|fullwidthvotes=70669}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party|candidate=[[Sheila June Nezhad|Sheila Nezhad]]|maxround=1|maxvotes=30368|maxvotespercent=21.1|r1votes=30368|fullwidthvotes=70669}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party|candidate=A.J. Awed|maxround=1|maxvotes=6860|maxvotespercent=4.8|r1votes=6860|fullwidthvotes=70669}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link|party=Republican Party (US)|candidate=Laverne Turner|maxround=1|maxvotes=4620|maxvotespercent=3.2|r1votes=4620|fullwidthvotes=70669}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party|candidate=Clint Conner|maxround=1|maxvotes=4309|maxvotespercent=3.0|r1votes=4309|fullwidthvotes=70669}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link
|party=Republican Party (US)|candidate=Bob Carney|maxround=1|maxvotes=2788|maxvotespercent=1.9|r1votes=2788|fullwidthvotes=70669}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate |party=''Various''|candidate=''All others''{{efn|name=&quot;others&quot;|Candidates receiving under 1% of the vote}}|maxround=1|maxvotes=6796|maxvotespercent=4.60|r1votes=6796|fullwidthvotes=70669}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link|party=Write-in|candidate=|maxround=1|maxvotes=145|maxvotespercent=0.1|r1votes=145|fullwidthvotes=70669}}
{{Election box ranked choice end}}
​
=== Doorashada duqa Minneapolis ee 2017 ===

{{main|2017 Minneapolis mayoral election}}
​{{Election box ranked choice begin
|title=2017 Minneapolis mayoral election&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=2017 Mayor results |url=https://vote.minneapolismn.gov/results-data/election-results/2017/mayor/ |website=Minneapolis Elections and Voter Services |publisher=City of Minneapolis |access-date=10 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box ranked choice winning candidate with party link
|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate=Jacob Frey
|maxround=5
|maxvotes=46716
|maxvotespercent=57.2
|r1votes=26116
|fullwidthvotes=46716
}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link
|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate=[[Raymond Dehn]]
|maxround=5
|maxvotes=34971
|maxvotespercent=42.8
|r1votes=18101
|fullwidthvotes=46716
}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link
|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate=[[Betsy Hodges]] (incumbent)
|maxround=4
|maxvotes=26875
|maxvotespercent=28.7
|r1votes=18915
|fullwidthvotes=46716
}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link
|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate=Tom Hoch
|maxround=3
|maxvotes=22754
|maxvotespercent=22.8
|r1votes=20125
|fullwidthvotes=46716
}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link
|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate=[[Nekima Levy-Pounds]]
|maxround=2
|maxvotes=16189
|maxvotespercent=15.9
|r1votes=15716
|fullwidthvotes=46716
}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link
|party=Libertarian Party (US)
|candidate=Charlie Gers
|maxround=1
|maxvotes=1233
|maxvotespercent=1.2
|r1votes=1233
|fullwidthvotes=46716
}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate
|party=''Various''
|candidate=''All others''{{efn|name=&quot;others&quot;}}
|maxround=1
|maxvotes=4178
|maxvotespercent=4.00
|r1votes=4178
|fullwidthvotes=46716
}}
{{Election box ranked choice candidate with party link
|party=Write-in
|candidate=
|maxround=1
|maxvotes=138
|maxvotespercent=0.1
|r1votes=138
|fullwidthvotes=46716
}}
{{Election box end}}
​
=== Doorashada Koonsilka Magaalada Minneapolis ee Ward 3, 2013 ===

{{main|2013 Minneapolis City Council election}}
​{{Election box begin no change
|title=2013 Minneapolis City Council Ward 3 election, first round&lt;ref name=&quot;ward3&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=http://vote.minneapolismn.gov/results/2013/2013-ward-03 | title=2013 Minneapolis Election Results: City Council Ward 3 | publisher=City of Minneapolis | access-date=November 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate=Jacob Frey
|votes=3,722
|percentage=61.31%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party=Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate=Diane Hofstede
|votes=1,614
|percentage=26.59%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party=Libertarian Party (United States)
|candidate=Michael Katch
|votes=363
|percentage=5.98%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party=Green Party of Minnesota
|candidate=Kristina Gronquist
|votes=357
|percentage=5.88%
}}
{{Election box write-in with party link no change
|votes=15
|percentage=0.25%
}}
{{Election box total no change
|votes=6,071
|percentage=100.00%
}}
{{Election box turnout no change
|votes=6,206{{efn|Waxaa ku jira codadka saxda ah, codadka dheeraadka ah, iyo codadka hoose.}}
|percentage=30.99%
}}
{{Election box end}}
​
=== Doorashada gaarka ah ee Minnesota Senate district 59, 2012 ===

{{Main|List of special elections to the Minnesota Senate#District 59 (2012)}}
​{{Election box begin no change
|title = 2012 Minnesota Senate district 59 special election, DFL primary &lt;ref name=&quot;sd59&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Index | website=Election Results | date=2011-12-06 | url=https://electionresults.sos.mn.gov/results/Index?ErsElectionId=73&amp;scenario=StateSenate&amp;DistrictId=547&amp;show=Go | access-date=2025-01-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
|party = Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate = [[Kari Dziedzic]]
|votes = 1,965
|percentage = 32.11%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate =[[Mohamud Noor]]
|votes = 1,626
|percentage = 26.57%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate = Peter Wagenius
|votes = 1,089
|percentage = 17.80%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate = Paul Ostrow
|votes = 792
|percentage = 12.94%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate = Jacob Frey
|votes = 473
|percentage = 7.73%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
|candidate = Alicia Frosch
|votes = 36
|percentage = 0.59%
}}
{{Election box total no change
| votes = 5,981
| percentage = 100.00%
}}
{{Election box end}}
​
== Noloshiisa gaarka ah ==

Frey wuxuu guursaday xaaskiisii ugu horreysay, [[Michelle Lilienthal]], sanadkii 2009; waxay furmeen 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gambaccini |first=Peter |date=April 3, 2010 |title=Q&amp;A With Michelle Frey |url=https://www.runnersworld.com/races-places/a20813485/q-a-with-michelle-frey/ |access-date=May 26, 2020 |website=Runner's World |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AthleteBiz |url=https://www.athletebiz.us/pages/high-school-rivals |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191008201321/https://www.athletebiz.us/pages/high-school-rivals |archive-date=October 8, 2019 |access-date=October 8, 2019 |website=Athlete Biz}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Craig |first=Steve |date=May 30, 2014 |title=Lilienthal keeps same dreams in a new state |url=https://www.pressherald.com/2014/05/29/lilienthal-keeps-same-dreams-in-a-new-state/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225201642/https://www.pressherald.com/2014/05/29/lilienthal-keeps-same-dreams-in-a-new-state/ |archive-date=February 25, 2020 |access-date=May 26, 2020 |website=Press Herald}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Frey wuxuu guursaday xaaskiisii labaad, Sarah Clarke, sanadkii 2016. Clarke waa [[Lobbying|u-ololeeye]] u qaabilsan Hylden Advocacy &amp; Law, halkaas oo ay ku matasho ganacsiyada, ururada aan faa'iido doonka ahayn, iyo ururada bulshada [[Minnesota Legislature|baarlamaanka Minnesota]] iyo hay'adaha fulinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 13, 2017 |title=Campaign Finance and Public Disclosure Board - Lobbyist data for Clarke, Sarah |url=http://www.cfboard.state.mn.us/lobby/lbdetail/lb2901.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216131714/http://www.cfboard.state.mn.us/lobby/lbdetail/lb2901.html |archive-date=February 16, 2017 |access-date=February 15, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2020, lammaanuhu waxay heleen curadkoodii.&lt;ref name=&quot;blessedfrida&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=September 16, 2020 |title=Minneapolis Mayor Frey, wife Sarah announce newborn daughter Frida |url=https://kstp.com/kstp-news/top-news/minneapolis-mayor-frey-wife-sarah-announce-newborn-daughter-frida/ |access-date=October 5, 2024 |publisher=KSTP}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sacredfrida&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=September 16, 2020 |title=Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey And Wife Welcome Baby Girl |url=https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2020/09/17/minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-and-wife-welcome-baby-girl/ |access-date=September 20, 2020 |publisher=WCCO}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cunugoodii labaad wuxuu dhashay Luulyo 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Winter |first1=Deena |title=Mayor Frey, wife have second daughter |url=https://www.startribune.com/mayor-jacob-frey-wife-has-baby/601447356 |access-date=July 31, 2025 |work=[[Minnesota Star Tribune]] |date=July 31, 2025 |archive-date=Bisha Todobaad 31, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250731210912/https://www.startribune.com/mayor-jacob-frey-wife-has-baby/601447356 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Frey wuxuu raacaa [[Reform Judaism]] wuxuuna dhigtaa sunagogga Reform ee Minneapolis, [[Temple Israel (Minneapolis)|Temple Israel]], isaga iyo xaaskiisa, oo u soo islaamtay Yuhuudiyadda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dolsten |first=Josefin |date=October 25, 2019 |title=Jewish Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey on Trump and becoming a sex symbol |url=https://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/Jewish-Minneapolis-Mayor-Jacob-Frey-on-Trump-and-becoming-a-sex-symbol-605816 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527035529/https://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/Jewish-Minneapolis-Mayor-Jacob-Frey-on-Trump-and-becoming-a-sex-symbol-605816 |archive-date=May 27, 2020 |access-date=May 31, 2020 |website=The Jerusalem Post}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Nofeembar 2025, Frey wuxuu shaaca ka qaaday in waalidkiis ay noqdeen dad degan Minneapolis.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.fox9.com/video/1735619|title=Jacob Frey speaks to election night crowd|publisher=Fox 9 KMSP|date=November 4, 2025|accessdate=November 5, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
=== Orodka xirfadeed iyo shaqada sharciga ===

Frey wuxuu ahaa orodyahan xirfadle ah oo masaafo dheer ah ka hor inta uusan gelin sharciga iyo siyaasadda. Isagoo u tartamayay [[Team USA]], wuxuu ku dhameystay kaalinta afaraad ee marathon-kii [[2007 Pan American Games]] isagoo dhigay rikoorkiisa shakhsi ahaaneed oo ahaa 2:16:44.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jacob Frey {{!}} Profile |url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/united-states/jacob-frey-14238233 |website=World Athletics |access-date=2026-01-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu u soo guuray Minneapolis sanadkii 2009 ka dib markii uu orday [[Twin Cities Marathon]], kaasoo u adeegay sidii isreeb-reebkii tartammadiisa caalamiga ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Who The Folk?! Mayor-Elect Jacob Frey |url=https://tcjewfolk.com/2017/11/13/folk-mayorelect-jacob-frey/ |website=TC Jewfolk
|date=2017-11-13 |access-date=2026-01-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isagoo qareen ka ahaa [[Faegre Drinker|Faegre &amp; Benson]], wuxuu ku takhasusay shaqada iyo sharciga [[civil rights|xuquuqda madaniga]], isagoo markii dambe sheegay in kiis ciqaab dhimasho ah oo uu ka soo shaqeeyay uu ku dhiirigeliyay inuu u gudbo adeegga dadweynaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=From Villanova Law to Minneapolis City Hall |url=https://www1.villanova.edu/university/law/about/news-events/news/2021/0615.html |website=Villanova University |date=2021-06-15 |access-date=2026-01-09 |archive-date=2025-11-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251109191903/https://www1.villanova.edu/university/law/about/news-events/news/2021/0615.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
=== Xilliga saddexaad iyo iska hor-imaadyada federaalka (2026) ===

Frey waxaa loo dhaariyay xilli saddexaad Janaayo 5, 2026, taasoo calaamad u ahayd maamulkii ugu horreeyay ee &quot;duqa awoodda leh&quot; marka loo eego isbeddellada axdiga magaalada ee 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Minneapolis Mayor Frey begins 3rd term, says new motto is 'opportunity' |url=https://www.kare11.com/article/news/politics/minneapolis-mayor-frey-3rd-term/89-363c8521-82a6-43b0-a81d-10e609ab7c0b |newspaper=KARE 11 |date=2026-01-05 |access-date=2026-01-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; Janaayo 7, 2026, ka dib [[killing of Renée Good|toogasho dhimasho leh]] oo ay ku lug lahaayeen wakiillo federaal ah oo ka dhacday Koonfurta Minneapolis, Frey wuxuu soo saaray dalab rasmi ah oo ah in [[U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement]] (ICE) ay ka baxaan magaalada uuna si adag u dhaqan-geliyay amar fulin oo mamnuucaya howlgalada federaalka ee hantida dowladda hoose.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Mayor Frey calls for ICE to leave City |url=https://www.minneapolismn.gov/news/2026/january/jan-7-statement/ |website=City of Minneapolis |date=2026-01-07 |access-date=2026-01-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
== Sidoo kale eeg ==
​
[[:en:2020–2021 Minneapolis–Saint Paul racial unrest|2020–2021 Minneapolis–Saint Paul racial unrest]]
​[[:en:List of mayors of the 50 largest cities in the United States|List of mayors of the 50 largest cities in the United States]]
​
== Xusuusin ==
{{notelist}}

==Tixraac==

{{Reflist}}
​
== Xiriirinta dibadda ==
{{Commons category}}
​{{Official website}}
​[https://www.minneapolismn.gov/government/mayor/ Xafiiska Duqa] ee Minneapolis
​{{C-SPAN|125254}}
​{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Betsy Hodges]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[:en:List of mayors of Minneapolis|Duqa Minneapolis]]|years=2018–hadda}}
{{s-inc}}
{{s-end}}
{{Authority control}}
​{{DEFAULTSORT:Frey, Jacob}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Elizabeth Matheson</title>
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      <text bytes="8184" sha1="hfjchg4yzr79roqthmgb2vay53p00np" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox artist
| honorific_prefix =
| name             = Elizabeth Matheson
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=NZL|BEM|size=100%}}
| image            = Elizabeth Matheson and Olive Jones, Centennial Exhibition 1940 (cropped).jpg
| image_size       = 220px
| alt              =
| caption          =
| birth_name       =
| birth_date       = {{Birth date|1890|01|19|df=y}}
| birth_place      = [[Eketāhuna]], New Zealand
| death_date       = {{death year and age|1978|1890}}
| death_place      =
| education        =
| alma_mater       =
| known_for        = Dhoobo-sameyn
| notable_works    =
| style            =
| movement         =
| spouse           =
| partner          =
| awards           =
}}
​'''Elizabeth Matheson''' {{post-nominals|country=NZL|BEM|size=85%}} (19 Janaayo 1890 – 1978) waxay ahayd [[pottery|dhoobo-sameye]] reer New Zealand ah. Shaqooyinkeeda waxaa lagu hayaa [[Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa]] iyo [[Auckland War Memorial Museum]]. Waxaa lagu guddoonsiiyey billadda [[British Empire Medal]] adeegyadii ay u qabatay dhoobo-sameynta.
​
== Taariikh Nololeed ==

Matheson waxay ku dhalatay kuna kortay [[Eketāhuna]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=1993 |title=Leading Ladies |url=https://www.teuru.org.nz/teuru/assets/File/Leading%20Ladies%20exhibition%20texts.pdf |access-date=5 March 2022 |website=www.teuru.org.nz |archive-date=6 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306022530/https://www.teuru.org.nz/teuru/assets/File/Leading%20Ladies%20exhibition%20texts.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Markii hore waxay u tababaratay macallin dugsi barbaarinta carruurta (kindergarten) laakiin ka dib markii ay u guurtay Havelock North waxay tijaabisay farsamada birta ka hor intaysan ku nagaan dhoobo-sameynta. Sanadkii 1930-kii Matheson waxay safar ku tagtay London, muddo aad u gaabanna waxay tababar la soo qaadatay [[Dora Billington]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Markii ay dib ugu soo laabatay New Zealand Matheson waxaa wax baray [[Elizabeth Lissaman]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Waxay markaas ka dib ka shaqaysay Te Mata Potteries.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Muddo lix bilood ah intii u dhaxaysay 1939 iyo 1940 Matheson waxay shaqadeeda ku soo bandhigtay [[New Zealand Centennial Exhibition]] iyada oo garab taagnayd [[Olive Jones]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last1=Deste |first1=Eileen |last2=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu Taonga |title=Elizabeth Matheson and Olive Jones, Centennial Exhibition |url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/45298/elizabeth-matheson-and-olive-jones-centennial-exhibition |access-date=2022-03-05 |website=teara.govt.nz |language=en |archive-date=5 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305013639/https://teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/45298/elizabeth-matheson-and-olive-jones-centennial-exhibition |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sorzano |first=Rigel |date=11 November 2019 |title=On Show |url=https://www.aucklandmuseum.com/discover/research/crafting-aotearoa/on-show |access-date=5 March 2022 |website=www.aucklandmuseum.com |archive-date=5 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305025523/https://www.aucklandmuseum.com/discover/research/crafting-aotearoa/on-show |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay sidoo kale bandhigyo la samaysay New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=18 May 1943 |title=Art sells readily |pages=3 |work=Evening Post |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/EP19430518.2.34 |access-date=5 March 2022 |archive-date=5 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305015359/https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/EP19430518.2.34 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Matheson waxay ahayd xubin aasaase u ah [[New Zealand Society of Potters]], waxaana loo doortay xubin sharafeed nolosha ah sanadkii 1965-kii, iyada iyo Olive Jones iyo [[Oswold Stephens]].&lt;ref name=&quot;DNZB Stephens&quot;&gt;{{DNZB|last=Coolahan|first=Kate|id=5s42|title=Oswold Counsell Stephens|accessdate=5 March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://ceramicsnz.org/about/history/ |access-date=2022-03-05 |website=Ceramics New Zealand |language=en-NZ}}&lt;/ref&gt; Matheson waxay joojisay dhoobo-sameynta sanadkii 1975 waxayna dhimatay sanadkii 1978.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
​Sharafihii [[1971 Birthday Honours (New Zealand)|Dhalashada Boqorada ee 1971-kii]], Matheson waxaa lagu guddoonsiiyey billadda British Empire Medal, adeegyadeeda dhoobo-sameye ahaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{London Gazette |issue=45386 |date=12 June 1971 |page=5999 |supp=3}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Shaqooyinkeeda waxaa lagu hayaa Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa iyo Auckland War Memorial Museum.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=Elizabeth Matheson |url=https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/3981 |access-date=2022-03-05 |website=collections.tepapa.govt.nz |archive-date=5 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305023900/https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/3981 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=Elizabeth Matheson |url=https://www.aucklandmuseum.com/collections-research/collections/record/am_person-1964 |access-date=5 March 2022 |website=Auckland Museum Collections Online |archive-date=5 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305023900/https://www.aucklandmuseum.com/collections-research/collections/record/am_person-1964 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bandhig loogu dib-u-eegayo shaqadii Matheson, oo cinwaankiisu ahaa ''A Glorious Uncertainty – Elizabeth Matheson's Life in Art'', ayaa lagu qabtay [[MTG Hawke's Bay]] oo ku taal Napier sanadkii 1993.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A Glorious Uncertainty – Elizabeth Matheson's Life In Craft |url=https://www.eventfinda.co.nz/2013/a-glorious-uncertainty-elizabeth-mathesonrs-life-in-craft/napier |access-date=2022-03-05 |website=Eventfinda |language=en |archive-date=5 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305020239/https://www.eventfinda.co.nz/2013/a-glorious-uncertainty-elizabeth-mathesonrs-life-in-craft/napier |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2017, shaqooyinkii Matheson waxaa lagu daray bandhig ku saabsan dhoobo-sameeyayaashii hore ee haweenka New Zealand, kaas oo lagu qabtay [[West Auckland, New Zealand|West Auckland]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Foxcroft&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Foxcroft|first1=Debrin|title=West Auckland exhibit showcases pioneering work of early female potters|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/auckland/local-news/western-leader/97241770/west-auckland-exhibit-showcases-pioneering-work-of-early-female-potters|access-date=22 January 2018|work=Stuff|date=27 September 2017|archive-date=22 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122144010/https://www.stuff.co.nz/auckland/local-news/western-leader/97241770/west-auckland-exhibit-showcases-pioneering-work-of-early-female-potters|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Elizabeth Matheson and Olive Jones, Centennial Exhibition 1940.jpg|thumb|Matheson (bidix) iyo Olive Jones oo jooga goobtooda bandhigga ee Centennial Exhibition sanadkii 1940]]
Dhoobo-sameynta Matheson waxaa loo yaqaanay &quot;PAKA&quot; waxayna magaca u qori jirtay sidii qeyb ka mid ah [[potter's mark|astaanteeda dhoobo-samaynta]], iyada oo ay weheliso sawir u eg baqshadda oo xariiq dheeraad ah ku dhex leeyahay.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Waxay ku shaqayn jirtay oo kaliya dhoobada terracotta. Foornadeeda (kiln) Havelock North waxay ku shaqayn jirtay saliid, waxaana lagu wareejiyey [[Helen Mason (potter)|Helen Mason]], oo ninkeedu ahaa wiil ay eedo u ahayd Matheson.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |first=Margaret |last=Bell |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/180727265 |title=Marks of New Zealand potters : a comprehensive directory |date=2007 |publisher=NZ Potters |isbn=978-0-473-12763-3 |oclc=180727265}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Elizabeth Matheson PAKA Pottery history |url=https://www.newzealandpottery.net/t7498-elizabeth-matheson-paka-pottery-history |access-date=2022-03-05 |website=www.newzealandpottery.net |language=en |archive-date=5 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305030953/https://www.newzealandpottery.net/t7498-elizabeth-matheson-paka-pottery-history |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​

== Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
​{{authority control}}
​{{DEFAULTSORT:Matheson, Elizabeth}}</text>
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    <title>Lyn Alden</title>
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      <text bytes="8534" sha1="giz0kdwsyp332xgb1t1798r9e72vphe" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Lyn Alden.jpg|thumb|Lyn Alden oo la hadlaysa ka qaybgalayaasha [[Bitcoin Conference]] sanadkii 2025 gudaha Venetian Convention Center ee [[Las Vegas, Nevada]].|350x350px]]
'''Lyn Alden''' waa [[Maraykan]] [[Investment strategy|xeel-dheere istaraatiijiyada maalgashiga]] ah iyo aasaasaha Lyn Alden Investment Strategy. Waxaa lagu yaqaannaa falanqaynteeda dhaqaalaha guud ee saamiyada Maraykanka iyo isbeddellada suuqa caalamiga ah. Waxaa kale oo lagu yaqaannaa falanqaynteeda iyo u doodista Bitcoin, waxayna bare ka ahayd shirka [[Bitcoin Conference]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Bambrough |first=Billy |title=Tesla CEO Elon Musk Confirms Wild Rumors As $37 Trillion ‘Emergency’ Predicted To Blow Up Bitcoin Price |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/2025/07/07/nothing-stops-this-train-37-trillion-emergency-behind-tesla-ceo-elon-musks-america-party-primes-a-bitcoin-price-bombshell/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250710161740/https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/2025/07/07/nothing-stops-this-train-37-trillion-emergency-behind-tesla-ceo-elon-musks-america-party-primes-a-bitcoin-price-bombshell/ |archive-date=2025-07-10 |access-date=2025-07-14 |work=Forbes |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​

== Shaqada ==

Alden waxay shaqadeeda guud ku bilowday falanqeeye maalgashi oo diiradda saara [[macroeconomic policy|siyaasadda dhaqaalaha guud]], dareeraha lacagta (liquidity), iyo suuqyada hantida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-10-16 |title=Lyn Alden stays optimistic on S&amp;P 500 despite recent market pullbacks - CNBC TV18 |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/market/lyn-alden-sp-500-market-pullbacks-gold-dollar-19493553.htm |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=CNBCTV18 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=mace |first=chris |date=2020-06-15 |title=TSP’s Wildest Week Since March; G Fund Low Yields to Continue |url=https://www.fedweek.com/tsp/tsps-wildest-week-since-march-g-fund-low-yields-to-continue/ |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=FEDweek |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-10 |title=Rare earth edge gives China stronger hand in US trade tension: Lyn Alden - CNBC TV18 |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/market/rare-earth-edge-gives-china-stronger-hand-in-us-trade-tension-lyn-alden-19618245.htm |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=CNBCTV18 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Muddadii ay ku jirtay shaqadeeda, Alden waxay wax ka qortay [[Contrarian investing|istaraatiijiyadaha maalgashiga ee ka duwan kuwa guud]] iyo isbarbardhigga suuqyada casriga ah iyo [[dot-com bubble|xumbadii dot-com]], iyadoo iftiimisay fursadaha ka imaan kara suuqyada soo koraya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Faris |first=James |title=A popular investment strategist shares her contrarian strategy with growth stocks as richly valued as in the dot-com bubble — and names 13 of her favorite stocks, ETFs, and commodities to buy now |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/contrarian-investing-stocks-dot-com-bubble-growth-value-emerging-markets-2021-8 |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-09-10 |title=Structurally bullish on emerging markets, says Lyn Alden Investment Strategy - CNBC TV18 |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/market/structurally-bullish-on-emerging-markets-says-lyn-alden-investment-strategy-19473653.htm |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=CNBCTV18 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-02-06 |title=Strong fundamentals justify India's market valuations, says Lyn Alden - CNBC TV18 |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/market/strong-fundamentals-justify-indias-market-valuations-says-lyn-alden-19553527.htm |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=CNBCTV18 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Faallooyinkeeda iyo falanqaynteeda waxay inta badan khuseeyaan saamaynta [[fiscal deficit|gaabiska miisaaniyadda]], dulsaarka, iyo [[Federal funds rate|siyaasadda Federal Reserve]] ee ku aaddan qiimaynta hantida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Fear the Fed? History says US stocks will underperform once interest rates fall, a consensus-defying researcher warns |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/stocks-international-market-outlook-economy-interest-rates-federal-reserve-alden-2024-8 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250317153732/https://www.businessinsider.com/stocks-international-market-outlook-economy-interest-rates-federal-reserve-alden-2024-8 |archive-date=2025-03-17 |access-date=2025-07-14 |work=Business Insider |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Alden waxay adeegsatay weedha &quot;nothing stops this train&quot; (waxba ma joojin karaan tareenkan) si ay u xoojiso [[National debt of the United States|deynta sii kordhaysa ee Maraykanka]] iyadoo muujisay walaac ku saabsan saamaynta ay ku leedahay dhaqaalaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
​
== Aragtida ku aaddan Bitcoin ==

Alden waxaa loo aqoonsan yahay aragtideeda togan ee ku aaddan Bitcoin. Waxay xoojisay saamaynta ay ku leedahay bulshada dhexdeeda ([[network effect]]) iyo sahayda go’an ee lacagtaas inay yihiin arrimo ay aaminsan tahay inay taageerayaan qiimaheeda muddada dheer.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lyn Alden on the network effect, Bitcoin and finding undervalued stocks |url=https://www.cmcmarkets.com/en-au/opto/lyn-alden-on-the-network-effect-bitcoin-and-finding-undervalued-stocks |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413160729/https://www.cmcmarkets.com/en-au/opto/lyn-alden-on-the-network-effect-bitcoin-and-finding-undervalued-stocks |archive-date=2021-04-13 |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=www.cmcmarkets.com |language=en-AU}}&lt;/ref&gt; Alden waxay sheegtay in kasta oo Bitcoin ay leedahay isbeddel qiimo oo muddada gaaban ah, haddana ay u janjeerto inay yeelato &quot;muuqaal isbeddel taariikhi ah.&quot; Waxay sheegataa in Bitcoin ay tahay [[Asset classes|nooc hantiyeed]] oo gebi ahaanba cusub oo ku jira &quot;heerka helidda qiimaha&quot; (price discovery phase), sidaas darteedna ay tahay in loo qoondeeyo &quot;kayd qiimo oo soo baxaya.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Huang |first=Vicky Ge |title=An engineer-turned global macro investor breaks down why bitcoin is so volatile – and shares 3 reasons why she remains bullish about the digital asset |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/bitcoin-investing-reasons-to-buy-remain-bullish-amid-volatility-alden-2021-1 |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Alden waxay sidoo kale aaminsan tahay in Bitcoin ay u adeegi karto sidii gaashaan looga gaashaanto [[inflation|sicir-bararka]] iyo hoos u dhaca qiimaha lacagta, iyadoo sheegtay in gaabiska miisaaniyadda Maraykanka iyo midka caalamiga ah iyo ballaarinta dareeraha lacagta ay kordhin karaan kor u kaca qiimaha Bitcoin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Huang |first=Roger |title=Lyn Alden: Bitcoin’s Price Could Go To $1 Million Amid Lagging CBDCs |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/2024/05/23/lyn-alden-bitcoins-price-could-go-to-1-million-amid-lagging-cbdcs/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240709170723/https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/2024/05/23/lyn-alden-bitcoins-price-could-go-to-1-million-amid-lagging-cbdcs/ |archive-date=2024-07-09 |access-date=2025-07-14 |work=Forbes |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Poteriaieva |first=Marie |title=Bitcoin And Global Liquidity: How Money Supply Shapes BTC’s Price |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/2025/02/28/bitcoin-and-global-liquidity-how-money-supply-shapes-btcs-price/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250228210247/https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/2025/02/28/bitcoin-and-global-liquidity-how-money-supply-shapes-btcs-price/ |archive-date=2025-02-28 |access-date=2025-07-14 |work=Forbes |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lyn Alden waxay bare ka ahayd shirar badan oo Bitcoin ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2024-03-04 |title=Jack Dorsey Endorses the Africa Bitcoin Conference |url=https://fox40.com/business/press-releases/ein-presswire/693039073/jack-dorsey-endorses-the-africa-bitcoin-conference/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250608105903/https://fox40.com/business/press-releases/ein-presswire/693039073/jack-dorsey-endorses-the-africa-bitcoin-conference/ |archive-date=2025-06-08 |access-date=2025-07-14 |work=FOX40 News |language=en-US |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
​
== Buug-yaraanta ==

Broken Money, 2023, {{ISBN|979-8-9886663-1-8}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Broken Money |url=https://www.lynalden.com/broken-money/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250923104004/https://www.lynalden.com/broken-money/ |archive-date=2025-09-23 |access-date=2025-11-14 |work=Lyn Alden |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
​{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Alden, Lyn}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ken Howery</title>
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      <text bytes="28712" sha1="i40pagwa1z0sas027z3oiseax4t4joc" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Ken Howery
| image = United States Ambassador to Denmark Kenneth Alan Howery.jpg
| caption = Sawirka rasmiga ah, 2025
| office = Safiirka 27-aad ee [[United States Ambassador to Denmark|Maraykanka u fadhiya Denmark]]
| president = [[Donald Trump]]
| term_start = Nofeembar 5, 2025&lt;ref&gt;https://x.com/USAmbDenmark/status/1986448200660602935?t=r3lQ7MUiOg6h4FnUend9rw&amp;s=19&lt;/ref&gt;
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[Alan M. Leventhal]]
| successor =
| office1 = [[List of ambassadors of the United States to Sweden|Safiirka Maraykanka u fadhiya Sweden]]
| president1 = [[Donald Trump]]
| term_start1 = Nofeembar 7, 2019
| term_end1 = Janaayo 20, 2021
| predecessor1 = [[Azita Raji]]
| successor1 = [[Erik Ramanathan]]
| birthname = Kenneth Alan Howery
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1975|11|4}}
| alma_mater = [[Stanford University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])
| known_for = Aasaase iyo [[chief financial officer|CFO]]-gii [[PayPal]]; Aasaase iyo bahwadaag ka tirsan [[Founders Fund]]
}}
​'''Kenneth Alan Howery''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|h|aʊər|i}}; dhashay Nofeembar 4, 1975) waa ganacsade iyo diblamaasi Maraykan ah. Waa mid ka mid ah aasaasayaashii [[PayPal]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Kelly|first=Makena|date=2018-10-16|title=Peter Thiel associate named as ambassador to Sweden|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/10/16/17986500/peter-thiel-ken-howery-trump-ambassador-sweden-paypal|access-date=2020-08-04|website=The Verge|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo [[Founders Fund]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ken Howery|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/ken-howery/|access-date=2020-08-04|website=Forbes|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu ahaa [[List of ambassadors of the United States to Sweden|safiirka Maraykanka u fadhiya Sweden]] intii u dhaxaysay 2019 ilaa 2021 xilligii Madaxweyne [[Donald Trump]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.svt.se/nyheter/utrikes/usa-s-ambassador-i-sverige-har-lamnat-in-sin-avskedsansokan|title=USA:s ambassadör i Sverige har lämnat in avskedsansökan|date=January 13, 2021|work=SVT|access-date=January 14, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Diseembar 22, 2024, Madaxweynaha la doortay Trump ayaa ku dhawaaqay damaciisa ah inuu Howery u magacaabo safiirka xiga ee [[List of ambassadors of the United States to Denmark|Maraykanka u fadhiya Denmark]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Schleifer |first=Theodore |date=2025-01-16 |title=Trump Picks a Jet-Setting Pal of Elon Musk to Go Get Greenland |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/16/us/politics/elon-musk-donald-trump-greenland.html |access-date=2025-02-06 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oktoobar 7, 2025, magacaabista waxaa xaqiijiyay Aqalka Sare (Senate).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=PN54-3 - Nomination of Kenneth Howery for Department of State, 119th Congress (2025-2026) |url=https://www.congress.gov/nomination/119th-congress/54/3 |website=www.congress.gov |access-date=9 October 2025 |date=7 October 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
==Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada==

Howery wuxuu ku dhashay 1975 gobolka Texas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://student.portal.chalmers.se/sv/aktuelllt/Sidor/USAs-ambassad%C3%B6r-bes%C3%B6ker-Chalmers.aspx|title=The U.S. Ambassador visits Chalmers|date=January 9, 2020|access-date=January 14, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.congress.gov/nomination/116th-congress/127|title=PN127 116th Congress|date=September 17, 2019|access-date=January 14, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka dib wuxuu ka qalin-jabiyay [[Stanford University]] sanadkii 1998 isagoo qaatay shahaadada BA ee cilmiga dhaqaalaha. Intii uu Stanford joogay, wuxuu ahaa tifaftiraha maamulka ee ''[[The Stanford Review]]'', oo ah wargeys ardaydu maamulaan oo uu aasaasay [[Peter Thiel]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://stanfordreview.org/life-after-the-stanford-review-by-anthony-mainero|title=Life After the Stanford Review|date=February 10, 2012|work=The Stanford Review|access-date=February 16, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
== Shaqada ==

Isla sanadkii uu qalin-jabiyay, wuxuu la aasaasay [[PayPal]] isaga iyo [[Peter Thiel]], [[Luke Nosek]], [[Elon Musk]], iyo [[Max Levchin]]. Kooxda aasaasayaasha ah waxay caan ku noqdeen magaca [[PayPal Mafia]], oo ay ku jireen saaxiibbo kale iyo maalgashadayaashii hore. 1998 ilaa 2002, Howery wuxuu ahaa [[chief financial officer|CFO]]-ga PayPal. Ka dib markii [[eBay]] ay iibsatay PayPal sanadkii 2002, Howery wuxuu ahaa Agaasimaha Horumarinta Shirkadda ee eBay ilaa 2003. Howery wuxuu dib ugu biiray Thiel sanadkii 2004 shirkadda [[Clarium Capital Management]], halkaas oo uu ka ahaa madaxweyne ku xigeenka qaybta maalgashiga gaarka ah, iyo xubin ka tirsan kooxaha cilmi-baarista iyo ganacsiga.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.generalist.com/p/founders-fund-1 {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Maarso 2012, [[World Economic Forum]] waxay Howery u magacawday Hoggaamiye Caalami ah oo Da' yar (Young Global Leader),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www3.weforum.org/docs/YGL12/WEF_YGL_HonoureesClass_2012.pdf|title=List of 2012 Young Global Leaders Honourees|date=July 20, 2012|website=World Economic Forum|access-date=February 16, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; oo ah bulsho ka kooban &quot;rag iyo haween maskax bulsho leh oo la doortay iyagoo ka yar 40 sano, kuwaas oo u shaqeeya sidii xoog wanaagga u adeega si looga gudbo caqabadaha hortaagan horumarka.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.weforum.org/communities/young-global-leaders|title=Young Global Leaders|website=World Economic Forum|access-date=2017-07-28}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale waa xubin ka tirsan Guddiga Xulashada ee Barnaamijka Tiknoolajiyadda Hormuudka ah (Technology Pioneers Program) ee Madasha Dhaqaalaha Adduunka.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://blog.kiva.org/about/team/advisors|title=Board and Advisors {{!}} Kiva|website=blog.kiva.org|access-date=2017-07-28|archive-date=2017-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729000820/https://blog.kiva.org/about/team/advisors|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Sanadkii 2005, Howery iyo Thiel, oo uu la socdo saaxiibkiisii PayPal ee Nosek, waxay bilaabeen [[Founders Fund]], oo ah shirkad maalgashi oo fadhigeedu yahay San Francisco oo maamusha in ka badan $3 bilyan, halkaas oo uu ka ahaa aasaase iyo bahwadaag. Wuxuu xubin ka soo noqday guddiyada [[Quantcast]] iyo [[Zocdoc|ZocDoc]]. Sanadkii 2010, Venture Capital Journal waxay Howery u magacawday mid ka mid ah 10-ka qof ee ugu sarreeya ee maalgashadayaasha (VCs) ee ka yar 36 sano.&lt;ref name=&quot;ken&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://blogs.reuters.com/small-business/2010/08/02/hot-prospects-top-10-vcs-under-36|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100803120203/http://blogs.reuters.com/small-business/2010/08/02/hot-prospects-top-10-vcs-under-36/|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 3, 2010|title=Hot prospects: Top 10 VCs under 36|publisher=Reuters|author=Staff|date=August 2, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu casharro ka bixiyay ganacsiga ee [[Harvard Business School]] iyo [[Stanford University|Stanford]], wuxuuna ka caawiyay ardayda [[University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley]] iyo [[McCombs School of Business]] inay horumariyaan moodallo ganacsi.
​Howery waa xubin ka tirsan [[The Explorers Club]], oo ah koox aan faa'iido doon ahayn oo dhiirrigelisa sahaminta cilmiga ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://magazine.ivy.com/2016/10/ken-howery-2|title=Behind the Scenes with PayPal Co-Founder Ken Howery|date=October 11, 2016|work=IVY MAGAZINE|access-date=August 15, 2017|archive-date=August 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815103911/http://magazine.ivy.com/2016/10/ken-howery-2/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Howery waa la-taliye u ah Kiva, oo ah urur samafal oo 501(c)(3) ah kaas oo dadka u saamaxaya inay internetka amaah lacageed u mariyaan ganacsatada dakhliga yar iyo ardayda ku sugan in ka badan 80 waddan. Wuxuu xubin ka yahay [[U.S. Council on Competitiveness]], oo leh ujeeddo cad oo ah kordhinta tartanka dhaqaale ee Maraykanka ee suuqa caalamiga ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
​Hantida saafiga ah ee Howery waxay gaaraysaa $1.5 bilyan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-02-01|title=PayPal net worth has surpassed parent company eBay - Compelo|url=https://www.ns-businesshub.com/popular/paypal-net-worth/|access-date=2020-06-17|website=NS Business|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-06-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617092232/https://www.ns-businesshub.com/popular/paypal-net-worth/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
=== Diblamaasiyadda ===
​
==== Boqortooyada Sweden ====

[[File:Ambassador Ken Howery Swearing-In.jpg|thumb|Ken Howery oo si rasmi ah loogu dhaarinayo Safiirka Maraykanka ee Boqortooyada Sweden.]]
Janaayo 16, 2019, Howery waxaa magacaabay [[Donald Trump|Madaxweyne Donald Trump]] si uu u noqdo Safiirka Gaarka ah iyo Wakiilka Buuxa ee Maraykanka ee Boqortooyada Sweden.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nominations Sent to the Senate|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/nominations-sent-senate/|access-date=17 September 2019|website=The White House}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thelocal.se/20190529/sweden-one-step-closer-to-getting-a-us-ambassador-after-a-28-month-wait|title=Sweden one step closer to getting a US ambassador – after more than two years|date=May 29, 2019|website=www.thelocal.se}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka dib dhageysiga xaqiijinta ee May 16, 2019, Guddiga Xiriirka Dibadda ee Aqalka Sare ayaa si wanaagsan u soo gudbiyay magacaabista Howery, waxaana Aqalka Sare uu xaqiijiyay Howery bishii Sebtembar 17, 2019, isagoo helay codad gaaraya 62–32.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=116&amp;session=1&amp;vote=00285|title=U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 116th Congress - 1st Session|website=www.senate.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=PN127 — Kenneth A. Howery — Department of State |url=https://www.congress.gov/nomination/116th-congress/127 |website=Congress.gov |date=17 September 2019 |access-date=17 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhageysigii xaqiijintiisa, Howery wuxuu sheegay in mudnaantiisa safiirnimo ay ku jiri doonto raadinta xiriir dhaqaale iyo mid ganacsi oo ballaaran, horumarinta ballanqaadyada amniga ee labada dhinac, iyo dhiirrigelinta fursadaha sayniska, tiknoolajiyadda iyo ganacsiga.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statement of Kenneth A. Howery |url=https://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/051619_Howery_Testimony.pdf |website=Senate Foreign Relations Committee |access-date=17 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Howery waxaa loo dhaariyay safiir ahaan bishii Oktoobar 10, 2019,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ambassador Kenneth A. Howery|url=http://se.usembassy.gov/our-relationship/our-ambassador/|access-date=2020-12-22|website=U.S. Embassy in Sweden|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; wuxuuna waraaqihiisa aqoonsiga u gudbiyay [[Carl XVI Gustaf|Boqor Carl XVI Gustaf]] bishii Nofeembar 7, 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The King receives foreign ambassadors - Sveriges Kungahus|url=https://www.kungahuset.se/royalcourt/latestnews/2019/2019/thekingreceivesforeignambassadors.5.4f00651a16e3a89c9d018d7.html|access-date=2020-12-22|website=www.kungahuset.se|language=en|archive-date=2021-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111211242/https://www.kungahuset.se/royalcourt/latestnews/2019/2019/thekingreceivesforeignambassadors.5.4f00651a16e3a89c9d018d7.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Safiir ahaan, Howery wuxuxu firfircoonaa dhinacyo badan oo siyaasadeed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-12-21|title=&quot;USA:s och Sveriges militära samarbete har aldrig varit tätare än under Trump&quot;|url=https://www.dn.se/sverige/usas-och-sveriges-militara-samarbete-har-aldrig-varit-tatare-an-under-trump/|access-date=2020-12-22|website=[[Dagens Nyheter]]|language=sv}}&lt;/ref&gt; Howery wuxuu la xiriiray mas'uuliyiinta Sweden arrimaha difaaca iyo istaraatiijiyadda milatariga, oo ay ku jirto cadaadiska lagu kordhinayo is-waafajinta nidaamyada milatariga Maraykanka iyo Sweden.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Brussels|first=Michael M. Phillips in Gotland, Sweden, and James Marson in|date=2021-01-05|title=Russian Aggression Spurs Neighbors to Rebuild Defenses|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/russian-aggression-spurs-neighbors-to-rebuild-defenses-11609859853|access-date=2021-02-16|issn=0099-9660}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-01-20|title=A Farewell Message from Ambassador Howery|url=http://se.usembassy.gov/a-farewell-message-from-ambassador-howery/|access-date=2021-02-16|website=U.S. Embassy in Sweden|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202151410/https://se.usembassy.gov/a-farewell-message-from-ambassador-howery/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale wuxuu u dooday ujeeddada fog ee Maraykanka ee ah kordhinta kharashka difaaca Yurub; Sweden waxay ansixisay 40% koror ah kharashka difaaca muddo shan sano ah intii Howery xilka hayay - kororkii ugu weynaa muddo ka badan 70 sano.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|agency=Associated Press|date=2020-12-15|title=Sweden ups defense budget 40% due to regional tensions|url=https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2020/12/15/sweden-ups-defense-budget-40-due-to-regional-tensions/|access-date=2020-12-22|website=Defense News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Madaxweyne Trump ayaa markii dambe ammaanay hoggaanka Howery ee kordhinta difaaca, amniga, iyo iskaashiga dhaqaale ee u dhexeeya Maraykanka iyo Sweden, isagoo yiri &quot;wuxuu qarankeenna ugu adeegay si heer sare ah,&quot; isagoo safiir ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Truth Social |url=https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump/posts/113698764270730405 |access-date=2025-01-10 |website=Truth Social |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Howery wuxuu si xooggan u taageeray tiknoolajiyadda nadiifka ah ee [[5G]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Piauger|first=Alexander|date=2020-01-23|title=USA:s ambassadör om Kinas investeringar i Göteborg: &quot;Det kan ni få ångra&quot;|url=http://www.gp.se/1.22909257|access-date=2020-12-22|website=gp.se|language=sv}}&lt;/ref&gt; isagoo dhiirrigelinaya booska rasmiga ah ee [[United States Department of State|Waaxda Arrimaha Dibadda ee Maraykanka]] oo dhiirrigelisa isticmaalka qalabka ay samaysay shirkadda Sweden ee [[Ericsson]] kuna adkaysata in alaabta ay samaysay [[Huawei]] ay khatar amni ku tahay demoqraadiyadda. Howery wuxuu la kulmay mas'uuliyiin sare oo u dhashay Sweden isagoo kala hadlay [[Concerns over Chinese involvement in 5G wireless networks|amniga 5G]] bishii Sebtembar, 2020,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|author=Ken Howery|author-link=Ken Howery|user=USAmbSweden|number=1303787634037264385|date=9 September 2020|title=Secure 5G, Arctic issues, and eastern Europe are just some of the issues the U.S. and Sweden cooperate on hand-in-hand. Thanks @SweMFA State Secretary Rydberg and @SweAmericas Head Veronika Wand-Danielsson (@AmbVWD) for a great discussion.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200909201043/https://twitter.com/USAmbSweden/status/1303787634037264385|archive-date=9 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sweden ayaana markaas ka dib ku dhawaaqday mamnuucidda qalabka ka yimaada shirkadaha isgaarsiinta ee Huawei iyo [[ZTE]] ee shabakaddeeda 5G.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Soderpalm|first=Supantha Mukherjee, Helena|date=2020-10-20|title=Sweden bans Huawei, ZTE from upcoming 5G networks|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/sweden-huawei-int-idUSKBN2750WA|access-date=2020-12-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Howery wuxuu sidoo kale dhiirrigeliyay iskaashiga kor loo qaaday, oo ay ku jiraan arrimaha amniga, ee u dhexeeya Maraykanka iyo Sweden ee gobolka [[Arctic]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2020-02-19|title=DEBATT: &quot;Ryssland och Kina skapar risker i Arktis&quot;|language=sv|work=Svenska Dagbladet|url=https://www.svd.se/ryssland-och-kina-skapar-risker-i-arktis|access-date=2020-12-22|issn=1101-2412}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oktoobar 2020, Sweden waxay daabacday Istaraatiijiyadeedii ugu horreysay ee cusub ee Arctic muddo toban sano ah, iyadoo iftiimisay walaacyada ku saabsan xumaanshaha xiriirka caalamiga ah iyo kororka dhaqdhaqaaqa milatariga ee Arctic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Regeringskansliet|first=Regeringen och|date=2020-11-10|title=Sweden's strategy for the Arctic region 2020|url=https://www.government.se/information-material/2020/11/swedens-strategy-for-the-arctic-region-2020/|access-date=2020-12-22|website=Regeringskansliet|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Bye|first=Text Hilde-Gunn|title=Sweden Launches New Arctic Strategy|url=https://www.highnorthnews.com/en/sweden-launches-new-arctic-strategy|access-date=2020-12-22|website=www.highnorthnews.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; U doodistiisa Arctic waxaa ka mid ahaa gacan ka gaysashada samaynta iskaashi dhex mara Hindisaha Arctic ee [[Harvard Kennedy School|Harvard Kennedy School of Government]] iyo [[Luleå University of Technology]] ee Sweden.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Arctic Innovation Lab: New Ideas For a Better Arctic|url=https://www.belfercenter.org/event/arctic-innovation-lab-new-ideas-better-arctic|access-date=2020-12-22|website=Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs|date=9 October 2020 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Maaddaama Sweden ay u adeegto sidii [[protecting power|quwad difaac]] u ah Maraykanka ee Waqooyiga Kuuriya,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=North Korea International Travel Information|url=https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/KoreaDemocraticPeoplesRepublicof.html|access-date=2021-02-16|website=travel.state.gov|archive-date=2019-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820120354/https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/KoreaDemocraticPeoplesRepublicof.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Howery wuxuu ka shaqeeyay inuu ilaaliyo marin isgaarsiineed oo xooggan oo loogu talagalay dadaalka hub ka dhigista nukliyeerka, wuxuuna kala shaqeeyay mas'uuliyiinta Sweden sidii looga hortagi lahaa macluumaadka khaldan, loona dhiirrigelin lahaa demoqraadiyadda, xuquuqda aadanaha, ganacsiga xorta ah, iyo amniga gobolka.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
​Howery wuxuu u dooday muhiimadda hufnaanta iyo wadaagga macluumaadka ee dalalka u dhexeeya si looga jawaabo si wax ku ool ah [[COVID-19 pandemic|faafitaanka COVID-19]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=DEBATT. USA:s ambassadör: Vi must be united in the fight against corona|url=https://www.expressen.se/debatt/usas-ambassador-vi-maste-forenas-i-kampen-mot-corona/|access-date=2020-12-22|website=www.expressen.se|date=2 April 2020 |language=sv}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu hoggaamiyay dadaallada Safaaradda Maraykanka ee Stockholm si looga caawiyo shirkadda Sweden ee [[Getinge Group|Getinge]] arrimaha silsiladda sahayda, isagoo ka caawiyay inay ballaariso soo saarista qalabka neefsashada (ventilators) ee loogu talagalay bukaannada COVID-19 ee Maraykanka iyo adduunka oo dhan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Remarks for the October 1, 2020 SACC-USA Executive Forum|url=https://se.usembassy.gov/our-relationship/our-ambassador/remarks-for-the-october-1-2020-sacc-usa-executive-forum/|url-status=dead|access-date=2020-12-22|website=U.S. Embassy in Sweden|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113131339/https://se.usembassy.gov/our-relationship/our-ambassador/remarks-for-the-october-1-2020-sacc-usa-executive-forum/|archive-date=2021-01-13|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Howery wuxuu xiriir la sameeyay bulshada akadeemiyadda ee Sweden, oo ay ku jirto doorka jaamacaduhu ka ciyaari karaan ganacsiga iyo muhiimadda daacadnimada akadeemiyadeed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2020-02-14|title=US Ambassador Kenneth Howery highlights the university's importance for entrepreneurship - Luleå University of Technology|url=https://www.ltu.se/ltu/media/news/USA-s-ambassador-Kenneth-Howery-lyfter-universitetets-betydelse-for-entreprenorskap-1.195935?l=en|access-date=2020-12-22|website=www.ltu.se|language=en|archive-date=2021-01-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112142316/https://www.ltu.se/ltu/media/news/USA-s-ambassador-Kenneth-Howery-lyfter-universitetets-betydelse-for-entreprenorskap-1.195935?l=en|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|author=Ken Howery|author-link=Ken Howery|user=USAmbSweden|number=1336325405968482311|date=8 December 2020|title=Delighted to have leaders of several of Sweden's top universities join me for a wide-ranging discussion today with @STASatState Dr. Mung Chiang about ensuring academic integrity while promoting cutting-edge research.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119135102/https://twitter.com/USAmbSweden/status/1336325405968482311|archive-date=19 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu wacyigelin u sameeyay bulshooyinka ganacsiga ee Maraykanka iyo Sweden ee ku sugan Sweden,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|author=Ken Howery|author-link=Ken Howery|user=USAmbSweden|number=1318502030663684097|date=20 October 2020|title=Enjoyed talking about #entrepreneurship and #innovation with #Malmö tech investor Hampus Jakobsson (@hajak) at Malmö Business Day.|archive-url=https://twitter.com/USAmbSweden/status/1318502030663684097|archive-date=19 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|author=Ken Howery|author-link=Ken Howery|user=USAmbSweden|number=1228246870729854976|date=14 February 2020|title=Impressed by @SSAB_AB's innovative initiatives to pilot (and eventually scale up) carbon free steel production. Also excited to find out how SSAB Americas is bringing their technology to #Iowa and #Alabama. Private sector innovation will lead the way.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200214100426/https://twitter.com/USAmbSweden/status/1228246870729854976|archive-date=14 February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|author=Ken Howery|author-link=Ken Howery|user=USAmbSweden|number=1219984425527730177|date=22 January 2020|title=Thank you to Henrik Henriksson and the entire team at @scaniagroup in #Södertälje for a wonderful day learning about #Scania!|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119135406/https://twitter.com/USAmbSweden/status/1219984425527730177|archive-date=19 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|author=Ken Howery|author-link=Ken Howery|user=USAmbSweden|number=1217374098025779200|date=15 January 2020|title=Honored to be invited to @AstraZeneca incubator, @BioVentureHub, which houses some fascinating bio- and medtech startups. I hope to see them invested in the U.S. one day soon!|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115121911/https://twitter.com/USAmbSweden/status/1217374098025779200|archive-date=15 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|author=Ken Howery|author-link=Ken Howery|user=USAmbSweden|number=1204030334767112193|date=9 December 2019|title=Thanks to @Ericsson CEO Börje Ekholm for showing me how Ericsson provides secure 5G technology to networks around the world. #USSwedishTrade|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209134232/https://twitter.com/USAmbSweden/status/1204030334767112193|archive-date=9 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; oo ay ku jirto khudbado uu ka jeediyay Rugta Ganacsiga ee Swedish-American iyo Rugta Ganacsiga ee Maraykanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=EXECUTIVE FORUM 2020 [WASHINGTON, D.C.]|url=https://www.sacc-ne.org/event/2020/10/1/executive-forum-2020-washington-dc|access-date=2020-12-22|website=SACC-NE|date=October 2020 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=A Conversation with Ambassador Kenneth A. Howery|url=https://www.amcham.se/calendar/2020/5/14/a-conversation-with-ambassador-kenneth-a-howery|access-date=2020-12-22|website=American Chamber of Commerce in Sweden|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-01-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112032919/https://www.amcham.se/calendar/2020/5/14/a-conversation-with-ambassador-kenneth-a-howery|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale wuxuu xiriir la sameeyay machadyada cilmi-baarista sayniska ee ugu sarreeya Sweden, jardiinooyinka sayniska, iyo Wakaaladda Hal-abuurka ee Sweden.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|author=European Spallation Source|author-link=European Spallation Source|user=essneutron|number=1318514303025225730|date=20 October 2020|title=We were happy to host the US Ambassador to Sweden on site yesterday! We look forward to seeing you at #ESSneutron again soon @USAmbSweden!}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|author=MAX IV Laboratory|author-link=MAX IV Laboratory|user=MAXIVLaboratory|number=1318448905009418241|date=20 October 2020|title=We are glad and honored to have welcomed @USAmbSweden to @MAXIVLaboratory. No one better than our director Ian McNulty could showcase the great potential of the world's brightest source of #xray and the opportunities for #research and #collaboration.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|author=Ken Howery|author-link=Ken Howery|user=USAmbSweden|number=1318905114246131712|date=21 October 2020|title=Exciting to see some of the cutting-edge life science work going on @MedeonSP and Open Lab #Skåne this morning; hope some of these firms will consider investing in and partnering with the United States soon.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021132230/https://twitter.com/USAmbSweden/status/1318905114246131712|archive-date=21 October 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|author=Lindholmen Science Park|author-link=Lindholmen Science Park|user=Lindholmen|number=1219631267521748992|date=21 January 2020|title=Här är ett förevigat ögonblick från det intressanta och givande besöket med ambassadör Ken Howery @USAmbSweden. #gbgftw #lindholmensciencepark #Sweden #collaboration}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|author=Ken Howery|author-link=Ken Howery|user=USAmbSweden|number=1236927009256865792|date=9 March 2020|title=Interesting briefing by @vinnovase DG Darja Isaksson (@darjaisaksson) on their operations, strategic innovation programs and activities in the U.S.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200309082203/https://twitter.com/USAmbSweden/status/1236927009256865792|archive-date=9 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Iyadoo laga jawaabayo baaqyada sii kordhaya ee ku biirista Sweden ee NATO ka dib [[Russian invasion of Ukraine|duullaankii buuxay ee Ruushku ku qaaday Ukraine]] bishii Febraayo 2022, Howery wuxuu qoray maqaal ra'yi ah isagoo leh duullaankii Ukraine wuxuu si weyn u beddelay ra'yiga dadweynaha Sweden ee ku aaddan NATO, iyo in dalku uu &quot;noqon doono mid aad ugu soo kordha&quot; isbahaysiga, ku biiristiisuna &quot;ay noqon doonto sabab loo dabbaal-dego.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Howery |first=Ken |date=July 20, 2022 |title=Sweden and NATO are ready for each other |url=https://thehill.com/opinion/international/3567434-sweden-and-nato-are-ready-for-each-other/ |access-date=January 10, 2025 |work=The Hill}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
==== Boqortooyada Denmark ====

Madaxweynaha la doortay Donald Trump ayaa Howery u magacaabay inuu noqdo Safiirka Gaarka ah iyo Wakiilka Buuxa ee Maraykanka ee [[Kingdom of Denmark|Boqortooyada Denmark]] bishii Diseembar 22, 2024.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
​
==Nolosha shakhsiga ah==

Howery waa doob.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Ken Howery |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/ken-howery/ |website=Forbes |access-date=31 October 2025 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Wuxuu guri ku leeyahay Power Mountain, oo ah goob lagu ciyaaro barafka oo ku taal Utah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Lewis |first1=Paul |title=Welcome to Powder Mountain – a utopian club for the millennial elite |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/mar/16/powder-mountain-ski-resort-summit-elite-club-rich-millennials |work=The Guardian |date=16 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 2021, ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' ayaa ku warrantay in Howery iyo Musk ay wada deganaayeen guriga Howery ee cabbirkiisu yahay 8,000-square-foot oo u dhow Wabiga Colorado ee Austin. Musk, si kasta ha ahaatee, wuxuu beeniyay sheegashadaas isagoo emayl ugu diray ''[[Business Insider]]'' xilligaas.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Newsham |first1=Grace Kay, Jack |title=Elon Musk is a homeowner again, despite his claims of couch surfing |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musks-secret-austin-house-2024-4 |work=Business Insider |date=8 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Sida laga soo xigtay warbixintii ''WSJ'' ee bishii Diseembar 2021, ka dib markii uu dhammaaday muddadiisii safiirnimo ee Sweden, wuxuu &quot;ku jiray safar uu ku marayay adduunka, oo ay ku jirto baacsiga duufaannada iyo dhacdooyinka kale ee cimilada aadka u daran oo uu u leeyahay hiwaayad ahaan, sida ay sheegeen dad yaqaanna.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Copeland |first1=Rob |title=Elon Musk Says He Lives in a $50,000 House. He Doesn’t Talk About the Austin Mansion. |url=https://www.wsj.com/real-estate/elon-musk-says-he-lives-in-a-50-000-house-he-doesnt-talk-about-the-austin-mansion-11640188548 |access-date=31 October 2025 |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=22 December 2021 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250420235406/https://www.wsj.com/real-estate/elon-musk-says-he-lives-in-a-50-000-house-he-doesnt-talk-about-the-austin-mansion-11640188548 |archive-date=20 April  2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tixraac==

{{Reflist}}
​{{s-start}}
{{s-dip}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Azita Raji]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[:en:United States Ambassador to Sweden|Safiirka Maraykanka u fadhiya Sweden]]|years=2019–2021}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Erik Ramanathan]]}}
{{s-end}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Matxafka Carruurta ee Los Angeles</title>
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      <text bytes="7643" sha1="dnrl4pbayjttnock909b59lrg4ww4wx" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox museum
| name                = Children's Museum of Los Angeles
| image               =
| imagesize           =
| latitude            =
| longitude           =
| established         = {{Start date|1979|06|11}}
| dissolved           = {{End date|2009|04|17}}
| location            = [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], U.S.
| type                = [[Children's museum|Madxafka carruurta]]
| visitors            = 250,000 (2000)&lt;ref name=&quot;getty20000927&quot; /&gt;
| founder             =
| director            =
| president           =
| curator             =
| owner               =
}}
​Madxafka Carruurta ee Los Angeles wuxuu dadweynaha u furmay Juun 11, 1979, wuxuuna shaqaynayay muddo 21 sano ah. Wuxuu ku yaallay [[Los Angeles Mall]] ee ku dhex yaalla [[Civic Center, Los Angeles|Los Angeles Civic Center]]. Waxaa si gaar ah loogu talagalay carruurta, iyadoo ujeeddadu ahayd in wax lagu baro, lagu madadaaliyo, laguna kobciyo nolosha carruurta ku nool agagaarka weyn ee Los Angeles. Waxaa looga dayanayay madxafyada carruurta ee ku yaalla [[Boston]], [[Indianapolis]] iyo [[Brooklyn]]
​

Madxafku wuxuu ka koobnaa waddo magaalada ah (oo leh baabuur iyo mootooyin) oo leh nidaam bulaacad ah oo dhexdeeda laga guurguuran karo, qolka saqaf-hooska ee ayeeyo oo leh dhar la xiran karo oo matalaad ah, goob weyn oo lagu ciyaaro [[Lego]], iyo qayb la yiraahdo &quot;Sticky City&quot; oo ka kooban baloogyo dhar ah oo waaweyn oo leh [[Velcro]] kuwaas oo isku dhiigaya loona isticmaali karo dhisidda waxyaabo kala duwan. Waxaa sidoo kale jiray istuudiyaha TV-ga oo carruurtu ay ku noqon karaan kaameera-qaade ama weriyeyaal warka akhriya, derbi weyn oo iftiinka xasaasi u ah oo sawiraya hooska marka [[strobe light]] lagu daaro, goob aqoon-is-weydaarsi oo booqdayaashu ay ku samaysan karaan animation-ka [[Zoetrope]], iyo hawlo kale.
​

==Xiritaanka iyo kacnaanta==

Baahida loo qabo boos ballaaran iyo marin u helid awgeed, Guddiga Maamulka ee madxafku waxay go'aansadeen in la xiro madxafka Ogosto 27, 2000, iyadoo ujeeddadu ahayd in la abuuro laba dhisme oo cusub: mid ku yaalla [[Little Tokyo, Los Angeles]], iyo mid kale oo ku yaalla [[San Fernando Valley]] gaar ahaan [[Hansen Dam]].&lt;ref name=&quot;getty20000927&quot;/&gt; Dhismihii Little Tokyo ayaa dib loo dhigay si aan xadidnayn bishii Oktoobar 2002,&lt;ref name=&quot;latimes20021011&quot;/&gt; halka dhismihii Hansen Dam lagu bilaabay lacag deyn ah bishii Oktoobar 2005,&lt;ref name=&quot;ladn20090306&quot;/&gt; balse ururkii aan macaash doonka ahayn ee maamulayay madxafka ayaa ku guuldareystay inuu soo ururiyo lacag ku filan oo lagu qalabeeyo gudaha dhismaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;latimes20080608&quot;/&gt;
​Madxafku wuxuu gudbiyay codsi kacnaan ah bishii Abriil 17, 2009, ka dib markii maalgeliyihii Bruce Friedman hantidiisa uu xayiray garsoore codsi ka yimid [[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]] bishii Maarso 2009, iyadoo lagu eedeeyay inuu maalgashadayaasha ka xaday $17 milyan. Deeqdiisii oo ahayd $10 milyan ayaa markii dambe lagala laabtay. Madxafku wuxuu u baahnaa $22 milyan oo dheeri ah si dhismaha loo dhammaystiro. Magaalada Los Angeles ayaa sidoo kale maalgashatay in ka badan $10 milyan.&lt;ref name=&quot;ladn20080418&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ladn20090306&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;latimes20110610&quot;/&gt;
​
==Discovery Cube Los Angeles==

[[File:Dc la.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka gudaha Discovery Cube, L.A. ]]
Magaalada Los Angeles ayaa heshiis la gashay [[Discovery Cube Orange County]] si ay u la wareegaan una shaqeeyaan dhismihii madhnaa ee Hansen Dam. Lacagta magaalada ayaa loo qoondeeyay Abriil 2012, lacagta federaalkana waxaa la ansixiyay bishii Janaayo 2013.&lt;ref name=&quot;curbed20120412&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ocr20130115&quot;/&gt; Faracan oo loo bixiyay Discovery Cube Los Angeles, ayaa la furay Nofeembar 13, 2014.&lt;ref name=&quot;latimes20141113&quot;/&gt;
​
==Tixraac==

{{Reflist |refs=
&lt;ref name=&quot;getty20000927&quot;&gt;{{cite press release |url=http://www.getty.edu/news/press/arch/childrens.html |title=Children's Museum of Los Angeles Announces Short List of Architects for its Two New Facilities |publisher=The Getty Trust |date=September 27, 2000 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130622105217/http://www.getty.edu/news/press/arch/childrens.html |archivedate=June 22, 2013 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​&lt;ref name=&quot;latimes20021011&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-oct-11-et-biederman11-story.html |title=Children's Museum Deferring Downtown Art Park for Now |work=Los Angeles Times |first=Patricia Ward |last=Biederman |date=October 11, 2002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603005350/http://articles.latimes.com/2002/oct/11/entertainment/et-biederman11 |archive-date=June 3, 2010 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​&lt;ref name=&quot;latimes20080608&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jun-08-me-museum8-story.html |title=L.A.'s big, fun, cool and empty thing |work=Los Angeles Times |first=Jennifer |last=Oldham |date=June 8, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130307191304/http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jun/08/local/me-museum8 |archive-date=March 7, 2013 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​&lt;ref name=&quot;ladn20080418&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.dailynews.com/news/ci_12169821 |title=Museum bankruptcy is official |work=Los Angeles Daily News |first1=Sue |last1=Doyle |first2=Rick |last2=Orlov |date=April 18, 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090420031933/http://www.dailynews.com/news/ci_12169821 |archivedate=April 20, 2009 |url-status=dead |access-date=February 3, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​&lt;ref name=&quot;ladn20090306&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.dailynews.com/news/ci_11857569 |title=Children's Museum donation in limbo |work=Los Angeles Daily News |first=Dana |last=Bartholomew |date=March 6, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416104841/http://www.dailynews.com/news/ci_11857569 |archivedate=April 16, 2009 |url-status=dead |access-date=February 3, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​&lt;ref name=&quot;latimes20110610&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-xpm-2011-jun-10-la-et-childrens-museum-20110610-story.html |title=Will Children's Museum of Los Angeles ever open? |work=Los Angeles Times |first=Mike |last=Boehm |date=June 10, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110070817/http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jun/10/entertainment/la-et-childrens-museum-20110610 |archive-date=November 10, 2012 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​&lt;ref name=&quot;curbed20120412&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://la.curbed.com/archives/2012/04/city_passes_plan_to_finally_start_running_the_childrens_museum.php |title=City Passes Plan to Finally Start Running the Children's Museum |work=[[Curbed]] Los Angeles |first=Adrian Glick |last=Kudler |date=April 12, 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160116035504/http://la.curbed.com/archives/2012/04/city_passes_plan_to_finally_start_running_the_childrens_museum.php |archivedate=January 16, 2016 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​&lt;ref name=&quot;ocr20130115&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.ocregister.com/articles/center-383475-museum-new.html |title=O.C. science center finalizes L.A. museum financing |work=Orange County Register |first=Richard |last=Clough |date=January 15, 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205234036/http://www.ocregister.com/articles/center-383475-museum-new.html |archivedate=February 5, 2013 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​&lt;ref name=&quot;latimes20141113&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-1114-valley-museum-20141114-story.html |title=San Fernando Valley's Discovery Cube L.A. opens in once-vacant museum |work=Los Angeles Times |first=Hailey |last=Branson-Potts |date=November 13, 2014 |accessdate=November 16, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​}}
​{{coord|34.054|-118.245|type:landmark_globe:earth_region:US-CA|display=title}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025</title>
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      <text bytes="97782" sha1="lg0h5aeg9pu5x2zb6xkom18zfw0m8wf" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox international football competition
| tourney_name = Koobka Qaramada Afrika
| year         = 2025
| other_titles = {{lang|ar|كأس الأمم الإفريقية 2025}}
{{lang|tzm|ⵜⴰⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⵉⴽⴰ 2025}}
| image        = 2025 Africa Cup of Nations logo.svg
| size         = 250px
| caption      = Summada rasmiga ah&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date= 25 Jannaayo 2025|title=CAF iyo LOC oo soo bandhigay summada cusub ee TotalEnergies CAF Koobka Qaramada Afrika Marooko 2025 ee Rabat|url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/caf-and-loc-reveal-a-new-logo-for-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025-in-rabat/|publisher=[[Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika]]|website=CAFonline.com|access-date=22 Diseembar 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| country      = Marooko
| dates        = 21 Diseembar 2025 –
18 Jannaayo 2026
| num_teams    = 24
| venues       = 9
| cities       = 6
| champion     = SEN 
| count        = 2
| second       =
| third        =NGA
| fourth       =EGY
| matches      = 52
| goals        = 121
| attendance   = {{#expr: &lt;!--Group A--&gt;+ 60180 + 10124 + 7829 + 63844 + 62532 + 8842 &lt;!--Group B--&gt;+ 4013 + 28199 + 5110 + 40219 + 16090 + 9235 &lt;!--Group C--&gt;+ 11444 + 13387 + 10540 + 25544 + 15205 + 11545 &lt;!--Group D--&gt;+ 13073 + 18591 + 7462 + 41672 + 26707 + 12569 &lt;!--Group E--&gt;+ 10267 + 16115 + 8671 + 18522 + 15187 + 10084 &lt;!--Group F--&gt;+ 13041 + 35200 + 9796 + 35165 + 20833 + 13093 &lt;!--Round of 16--&gt;+ 30045 + 41982 + 63894 + 14127 + 20191 + 14593 + 18837 + 24019 &lt;!--Quarter-finals--&gt;+ 32385 + 64178 + 32452 + 31213 &lt;!--Semi-finals--&gt;+ 52079 + 65458 &lt;!--Third place--&gt;+ 38113 &lt;!--Final--&gt;+ 66526}}
| top_scorer   = {{fbicon|MAR}} [[Brahim Díaz]]
(5 gool)
| player       = {{fbicon|SEN}} [[Sadio Mané]]
| young_player =
| goalkeeper   ={{fbicon|MAR}} [[Yassine Bounou]]
| fair_play    =  {{fb|MAR}}
| prevseason   = [[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| nextseason   = ''[[2027 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2027]]''
}}
​'''Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025''', oo loo soo gaabiyo 2025 AFCON ama CAN 2025 iyada oo loo eegayo [[Kafaalo (ganacsi)|ujeedooyin kafaalo]] ahaan loo yaqaano TotalEnergies 2025 Koobka Qaramada Afrika, waa daabacaaddii 35-aad ee tartanka labadii sanaba mar la qabto ee [[Koobka Qaramada Afrika]] kaas oo uu soo qabanqaabiyo [[Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika]] (CAF).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 Juun 2024 |title=AFCON oo loo raray jiilaalka sababo la xiriira Koobka Adduunka Naadiyada |url=https://africa.espn.com/football/story/_/id/40402895/africa-cup-nations-2025-winter-club-world-cup |access-date=24 Juun 2024 |publisher=ESPN |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waa daabacaaddii labaad ee ay martigeliso Marooko 

ka dib [[1988 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1988]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=21 Febraayo 2024|title=AFCON 2025 oo helay taariikho xagaaga ah gudaha Aljeeriya|url=https://www.afrik-foot.com/en-ng/afcon-2025-gets-summer-dates-in-algeria|website=Afrik Foot|access-date=10 Maarso 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Marooko ayaa markii hore loo qorsheeyay inay martigeliso [[2015 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|daabacaaddii 2015]], laakiin way ka baxday cabsi laga qabo dillaaca [[Cudurka Ebola ee Galbeedka Afrika|fayraska Ebola ee Galbeedka Afrika]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=20 Febraayo 2024|title=AFCON 2025 in loo qorsheeyo Luulyo-Agoosto 2025 gudaha Aljeeriya|url=https://www.africanews.com/2024/02/20/afcon-2025-to-be-scheduled-forjuly-august-2025-in-algeria|website=[[africanews]]|access-date=10 Maarso 2024}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Maadaama [[FIFA]] ay ballaarisay tartanka [[Koobka Adduunka Naadiyada ee FIFA|Koobka Adduunka Naadiyada]] una kordhisay 32 kooxood isla markaana [[2025 FIFA Club World Cup|loo qorsheeyay Juun iyo Luulyo 2025]], daabacaaddan tartanka waxaa la ciyaarayaa inta u dhaxaysa 21 Diseembar 2025 iyo 18 Jannaayo 2026.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last1=Aarons |first1=Ed |last2=Molina |first2=Romain |date=12 Juun 2024 |title=Afcon oo loo rari karo Diseembar 2025 si looga fogaado iska horimaadka Koobka Adduunka Naadiyada |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/article/2024/jun/12/afcon-could-move-to-december-2025-to-avoid-club-world-cup-clash |access-date=21 Juun 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waa markii ugu horreysay ee tartanka la ciyaaro xilliga Ciidda Masiixiga iyo sannadka cusub. Xaaladda ayaa sii adkaatay ka dib markii lagu daray laba maalmood oo ciyaarood oo dheeri ah oo loo qorsheeyay labada toddobaad ee u dambeeya Jannaayo xilli ciyaareedka la ballaariyay ee [[2025–26 UEFA Champions League]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|date=3 Luulyo 2022|title=Madaxweynaha CAF Dr Motsepe ayaa ku dhawaaqay faahfaahinta furitaanka Super League-ga Afrika, AFCON 2023 iyo go'aannada muhiimka ah ee Champions League|url=https://www.cafonline.com/press-release/news/caf-president-dr-motsepe-announces-african-super-league-launch-details-afcon2023|publisher=[[Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika|CAFOnline.com]]|access-date=3 Juun 2023|quote=...Guddiga Fulintu waxay go'aansadeen in daabacaaddan tartanka (daabacaadda 2023) dib loo dhigo bilaha Jannaayo iyo Febraayo 2024. Dib-u-dhigista ayaa ah natiijo toos ah oo ka dhalatay xaaladaha cimilada xun ee dalka iyo ka dib markii la helay ra'yi farsamo oo dheeraad ah oo ka yimid khubarada ku saabsan saameynta xun ee qabashada ciyaaraha muddadaas, maadaama Juun iyo Luulyo ay yihiis xilliyo roobaad gudaha Xeebta Fool-maroodiga. |archive-date=3 Luulyo 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703210736/https://www.cafonline.com/press-release/news/caf-president-dr-motsepe-announces-african-super-league-launch-details-afcon2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Daabacaaddan tartanka ayaa loo qorsheeyay inay noqoto tii labaad ka dib [[2019 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2019]] ee dhacda xilliga xagaaga ee cimilada waqooyi (Juun-Luulyo), si loo yareeyo iska horimaadka jadwalka ee kooxaha Yurub iyo tartamadooda;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=21 Luulyo 2017|title=Koobka Qaramada Afrika oo laga bedelayo qabashada Jannaayo loona bedelayo Juun sanadka 2019|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/jul/20/africa-cup-nations-staging-expansion|website=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=20 Luulyo 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; daabacaaddii hore ee [[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]] waxaa loo raray Jannaayo iyo Febraayo 2024 sababo la xiriira xaaladaha cimilada xagaaga ee xun ee Xeebta Fool-maroodiga.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Southby|first=Ben|date=3 Luulyo 2022|title=Finalka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2023 ayaa dib loo dhigay loona raray Jannaayo 2024 sababo la xiriira walaaca cimilada ee Xeebta Fool-maroodiga|url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/africa-cup-of-nations-2023-finals-have-been-postponed-and-moved-to-january-2024-due-to-weather-conce_sto9017466/story.shtml|website=[[Eurosport]]|access-date=3 Luulyo 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Gini]] ayaa markii hore loo qoondeeyay inay martigeliso daabacaaddan tartanka, balse xuquuqdii martigelinta ayaa lagala noqday ka dib markii la xaqiijiyay inay ku fashilantay u diyaargarowga martigelinta.&lt;ref name=&quot;Withdraw&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=30 Sebteembar 2022|title=Gini oo laga xayuubiyay Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025: Madaxweynaha CAF|url=https://www.beinsports.com/en/football/news/guinea-stripped-of-2025-africa-cup-of-nations/1959997|website=[[beIN Sports]]|access-date=23 Diseembar 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka dib hannaankii labaad ee dalabka martigelinta,&lt;ref name=&quot;Reopen&quot; /&gt; Marooko ayaa loo magacaabay martigeliyaha cusub 27 Sebteembar 2023.&lt;ref name=&quot;2025Host&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=27 Sebteembar 2023|title=Marooko oo martigelinaysa Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025|url=https://www.cafonline.com/news/morocco-to-host-2025-africa-cup-of-nations/ |publisher=[[Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika]] |access-date=2 Oktoobar 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​[[2023 Africa Cup of Nations final|Horyaalada difaacanaya]] ee [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Xeebta Fool-maroodiga|Xeebta Fool-maroodiga]] waxaa wareegga sideed dhamaadka ku reebtay [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Masar|Masar]].&lt;ref name=&quot;MOTM&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=12 Febraayo 2024 |title=Nayjeeriya 1–2 Xeebta Fool-maroodiga: Sebastien Haller ayaa guul soo laabasho ah ugu saxiixay dalka martigelinaya finalka Koobka Qaramada Afrika |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/13067540/nigeria-1-2-ivory-coast-sebastien-haller-seals-africa-cup-of-nations-final-comeback-for-host-nation |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212225657/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/13067540/nigeria-1-2-ivory-coast-sebastien-haller-seals-africa-cup-of-nations-final-comeback-for-host-nation |archive-date=12 Febraayo 2024 |accessdate=15 Febraayo 2024 |work=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​

==Xulashada martigeliyaha==

CAF ayaa ka xayuubisay Kamiruun martigelinta [[2019 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|daabacaaddii 2019]] ee tartanka 30-kii Noofeembar 2018 sababtoo ah horumar la'aan xagga u diyaargarowga ah,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=30 Noofeembar 2018|title=Kamiruun oo laga xayuubiyay martigelinta Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2019|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/46407474|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|access-date=1 Diseembar 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; laakiin waxay aqbashay codsigii madaxweynihii hore ee CAF [[Ahmad Ahmad]] ee ahaa in la qabto [[2021 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|daabacaadda xigta ee 2021]]. Sidaas darteed, martigeliyayaashii asalka ahaa ee 2021, [[Xeebta Fool-maroodiga]], waxay noqdeen martigeliyayaasha [[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|daabacaadda 2023]] iyada oo Gini ay beddelkeeda martigelinayso daabacaadda 2025, taas oo ilaa markaas aan lahayn martigeliyeyaal.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=10 Diseembar 2018|title=CAN 2019 : le pays hôte sera connu le 9 janvier|trans-title=CAN 2019: dalka martigelinaya waxaa la ogaan doonaa 9-ka Jannaayo|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2018/12/10/can-2019-le-pays-hote-sera-connu-le-9-janvier_5395283_3212.html|website=[[Le Monde]]|language=fr-FR|access-date=1 Febraayo 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Madaxweynaha CAF ayaa xaqiijiyay isbeddelka jadwalka ka dib markii uu la kulmay madaxweynaha Xeebta Fool-maroodiga [[Alassane Ouattara]] gudaha [[Abidjan]], Xeebta Fool-maroodiga 30-kii Jannaayo 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=30 Jannaayo 2019|title=Xeebta Fool-maroodiga oo ogolaatay isbeddelka jadwalka CAF|url=https://www.cafonline.com/news-center/news/cote-d-ivoire-agrees-caf-timetable-shift|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111091908/https://www.cafonline.com/news-center/news/cote-d-ivoire-agrees-caf-timetable-shift|archive-date=11 Jannaayo 2022 |publisher=[[Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika]] |access-date=1 Febraayo 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; 30-kii Sebteembar 2022, madaxweynaha hadda ee CAF Patrice Motsepe ayaa ku dhawaaqay in [[Gini]] laga xayuubiyay martigelinta daabacaadda 2025 sababtoo ah ku fashilantay iyo gaabiska horumarka u diyaargarowga martigelinta.&lt;ref name=&quot;Withdraw&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=30 Sebteembar 2022|title=Madaxweynaha CAF oo kala hadlay ka noqoshada CAF ee AFCON Gini 2025 Madaxweynaha Ku-meel-gaarka ah ee Gini|url=https://www.cafonline.com/press-release/news/caf-president-discusses-withdrawal-by-caf-of-afcon-guinea-2025-with-guinea-trans|publisher=[[Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika]] |access-date=1 Febraayo 2023 |archive-date=27 Jannaayo 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127181626/https://www.cafonline.com/press-release/news/caf-president-discusses-withdrawal-by-caf-of-afcon-guinea-2025-with-guinea-trans |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sidaas darteed, hannaan cusub ayaa dib loogu furay qof kasta oo raba inuu u tartamo martigelinta beddelka ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;Reopen&quot;&gt;{{cite news|date=26 Oktoobar 2022|title=CAF oo dib u furtay hannaanka dalabka xuquuqda martigelinta TotalEnergies Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025|url=https://www.cafonline.com/press-release/news/caf-re-opens-bidding-process-for-the-totalenergies-africa-cup-of-nations-2025-ho|publisher=[[Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika]] |access-date=1 Noofeembar 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Diallo|first=Abubakr|date=1 Oktoobar 2022|title=CAF : qui va organiser la CAN 2025 retirée à la Guinée ?|trans-title=CAF: yaa qabanqaabin doona CAN 2025 ee lagala noqday Gini?|url=https://www.afrik.com/caf-qui-va-organiser-la-can-2025-retiree-a-la-guinee|website=Afrik Foot|access-date=1 Diseembar 2022|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt; 27-kii Sebteembar 2023, daabacaadda 2025 waxaa lagu wareejiyay [[Marooko]]&lt;ref name=&quot;2025Host&quot; /&gt; halka daabacaadda 2027 la siiyay [[Kenya]], [[Tansaaniya]], iyo [[Ugaanda]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=27 Sebteembar 2023|title=Tansaaniya, Ugaanda &amp; Kenya oo martigelinaya TotalEnergies CAF Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2027|url=https://www.cafonline.com/news/tanzania-uganda-kenya-to-host-2027-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations/|publisher=[[Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika]]|access-date=11 Febraayo 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=27 Sebteembar 2023|title=Marooko iyo waddamada Bariga Afrika oo ku guuleystay xuquuqda martigelinta Koobka Qaramada Afrika|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230927-%F0%9F%94%B4-morocco-to-host-2025-africa-cup-of-nations-kenya-uganda-and-tanzania-to-co-host-2027-edition|publisher=[[France 24]]|access-date=11 Jannaayo 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
== Suuqgeynta ==
​
=== Kafaala-qaadka ===

{{vertical align rows}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable vertical-align-top&quot;
!Kafaala-qaadaha rasmiga ah ee magaca
!Wada-shaqeeyayaasha caalamiga ah ee rasmiga ah
!Kafaala-qaadayaasha rasmiga ah ee tartanka
!Alaab-qeybiyeyaasha rasmiga ah
|-
|
​[[TotalEnergies]]
|
​[[1xBet]]
​[[Midowga Yurub]]
​[[Orange Group]]
​[[Puma (brand)|Puma]]
​[[Royal Air Maroc]]
​[[Suzuki]]
​[[Tecno Mobile]]
​[[Visa Inc.]]
​[[Netflix]]
|
​Apsonic
​[[Danone]]
​[[Konami]] ([[eFootball]])
​LONACI
​[[Midea Group]]
​Morocco Now
​[[OCP Group]]
​[[ONCF]]
​[[Unilever]] ([[Rexona]])
​Visit Morocco
|
​[[Acıbadem Healthcare Group]]
​[[MSC Group#Africa Global Logistics (AGL)|Africa Global Logistics]]
​[[Bel Group]] ([[The Laughing Cow]])
​Sidi Ali
|}
​
=== Mas-kootka ===
​
​Mas-kootka tartanka, oo loogu magac daray Assad ({{langx|ar|أسد}}) waxaa la soo bandhigay 8-dii Diseembar 2025. Waa [[Libaaxa Barbary]], kaas oo tixraac u ah xayawaanka qaranka Marooko iyo naanayska [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Marooko|xulka qaranka Marooko]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/assad-the-official-mascot-for-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025-revealed/ |title='ASSAD', Mas-kootka Rasmiga ah ee TotalEnergies CAF Koobka Qaramada Afrika Marooko 2025 ayaa la soo bandhigay! |language=en-GB |access-date=13 Diseembar 2025 |via=www.cafonline.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/morocco/ |title=Marooko |work=[[The World Factbook]] |date=12 Jannaayo 2022 |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |place=US |access-date=23 Diseembar 2025 |archive-date=2 Diseembar 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221202191738/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/morocco/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​=== Kubadda ciyaarta ===
10-kii Noofeembar 2025, CAF iyo [[Puma (brand)|Puma]] ayaa soo bandhigay &quot;Itri&quot; ({{langx|tzm|label=[[Af-Amasiigga rasmiga ah ee Marooko]]|translation=xiddig|ⵉⵜⵔⵉ}}) oo ah kubadda rasmiga ah ee tartanka. Kubadda, oo ay ku dahaaran tahay farshaxanka [[zellij]] ee midabada cas iyo cagaarka ah, waxaa saameyn ku yeeshay hiddaha moosaykiga (mosaic) qadiimiga ah ee lagu yaqaan qurxinta joomatariga ah ee kakan, waxayna ka tarjumaysaa ruuxa iyo xamaasadda kubadda cagta ee laga wada siman yahay guud ahaan Afrika. Waxaa soo saartay Puma iyadoo adeegsanaysa tignoolajiyada Orbital 6, qaabkeedu wuxuu isku darayaa qaabab xiddigo ku salaysan, naqshado ubaxyo ah iyo wareegyo, kuwaas oo gudbinaya farxadda iyo isu imaatinka 24-ka qaran ee ka qaybgalaya tartanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=CAF iyo PUMA ayaa soo bandhigay Kubadda rasmiga ah ee 'ITRI' ee TotalEnergies CAF Koobka Qaramada Afrika Marooko 2025 |url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/caf-and-puma-unveil-official-match-ball-itri-for-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025/ |access-date=13 Diseembar 2025 |website=CAF and PUMA unveil Official Match Ball ‘ITRI’ for TotalEnergies CAF Africa Cup of Nations Morocco 2025 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
=== Heesta rasmiga ah ===

Heesta rasmiga ah waa &quot;Africallez&quot; taas oo u taagan mid ka mid ah astaamaha tartanka,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Angélique Kidjo, Jaylann iyo L'Artiste ayaa soo bandhigay heesta rasmiga ah ee TotalEnergies CAF AFCON Marooko 2025 |url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/angelique-kidjo-jaylann-and-l-artiste-unveil-totalenergies-caf-afcon-morocco-2025-official-song/ |access-date=2026-01-01 |website=Angélique Kidjo, Jaylann and L’Artiste unveil TotalEnergies CAF AFCON Morocco 2025 official song |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyadoo isku daraysa xamaasadda isboortiga, aqoonsiga dhaqanka, iyo fariinta midnimada qaaradda. Waxaa loo maleeyay inay tahay heesta dhabta ah ee Pan-African, &quot;Africallez&quot; waxaa qaaday saddex fanaan oo qaabkoodu isku dhammaystirayo: boqorada u dhalatay Benin ee [[Angélique Kidjo]], oo ah astaan caalami ah oo u taagan muusikada Afrika; fanaanka Marooko ee [[Lartiste]], oo ah shaqsi muhiim u ah fagaarayaasha muusikada magaalooyinka iyo kuwa caalamiga ah; iyo fanaanadda Marooko ee Jaylane, oo astaan u ah jiilka farshaxanka cusub ee dalkaas.
​
== Lacagta abaalmarinta ==

Kuwa guulaysta waxay heli doonaan US10 milyan, taas oo koror ah marka loo eego US7 milyan oo ahayd dhacdadii 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dube |first=Mthokozisi |date=20 Diseembar 2025 |title=Patrice Motsepe ayaa xaqiijiyay abaalmarinta ugu sareysa ee R167 milyan ee loogu talagalay guuleystayaasha AFCON |url=https://farpost.co.za/2025/12/20/motsepe-confirms-record-r167-million-prize-for-afcon-winners/ |access-date=21 Diseembar 2025 |website=Farpost |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
==Isreeb-reebka==

{{Main|Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025}}
​[[File:2025 Africa Cup of Nations qualification map.png|thumb|{{Legend|#0000FF|U soo baxay}}{{Legend|#FFCC01|Ku guuldareystay inay soo baxaan}}{{Legend|#000000|Laga mamnuucay ama ma soo gelin}}{{Legend|#C1C1C1|Xubin kama aha [[Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika|CAF]]}}|300px]]
​Isreeb-reebka waxaa la qabtay inta u dhaxaysa 20-ka Maarso iyo 19-ka Noofeembar 2024, iyadoo laga bilaabay [[Wareegga hordhaca ah ee isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025|wareegga hordhaca ah]] (20–26 Maarso 2024) ka dibna [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025#Group stage|wareegga group-yada]] (2 Sebteembar–19 Noofeembar 2024).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Oyebola |first=Mike |date=25 Diseembar 2023 |title=CAF ayaa ku dhawaaqday taariikhda bilaabashada isreeb-reebka AFCON 2025 |url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/12/25/caf-announces-kick-off-date-for-afcon-2025-qualifiers/ |access-date=4 Abriil 2024 |website=Daily Post Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isku-aadka wareegga hordhaca ah waxaa la qabtay 20-kii Febraayo 2024, 14:00 [[Waqtiga Bartamaha Afrika|CAT]] ([[UTC+02:00|UTC+2]]) ee xarunta dhexe ee CAF ee ku taal [[Qaahira]], [[Masar]].&lt;ref name=&quot;draw result&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 Febraayo 2024 |title=Isku-aadka Hordhaca ah ee TotalEnergies CAF Koobka Qaramada Afrika Marooko 2025 ayaa la sameeyay |url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-africa-cup-of-nations/news/totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025-preliminary-draw-conducted |access-date=27 Maarso 2024 |publisher=[[Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Siddeedda xul ee qaranka ee ku jiray waxaa loo kala saaray laba weel oo min afar ah iyadoo lagu saleynayo [[Qiimeynta Adduunka ee FIFA]] ee 15-kii Febraayo 2024,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=15 Febraayo 2024 |title=Qiimeynta Ragga |url=https://inside.fifa.com/fifa-world-ranking/men?dateId=id14289 |access-date=27 Maarso 2024 |publisher=FIFA}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Ereteriya|Ereteriya]] iyo [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Seyshelles|Seyshelles]] waa laga saaray isreeb-reebka. Siddeedda kooxood waxaa loo qaybiyay afar tartan oo lagu ciyaaray qaabka [[Ciyaar lug-iyo-lug ah|labada lugood]] ee guriga iyo dibadda.&lt;ref name=&quot;draw result&quot; /&gt; Afartii guuleystay: [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Jaad|Jaad]], [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Eswatini|Eswatini]], [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Liberia|Liberia]], iyo [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Koonfurta Suudaan|Koonfurta Suudaan]] ayaa u gudbay wareegga group-yada si ay ugu biiraan 44-ka kooxood ee si toos ah u soo galay.&lt;ref name=&quot;result&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 Maarso 2024 |title=Jaad iyo Eswatini ayaa gaaray wareegga group-yada ee isreeb-reebka TotalEnergies AFCON 2025 |url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-africa-cup-of-nations/news/chad-and-eswatini-reach-group-stage-of-totalenergies-afcon-2025-qualifiers/ |access-date=27 Maarso 2024 |publisher=Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isku-aadka wareegga group-yada wuxuu dhacay 4-tii Luulyo 2024, 14:30 [[Waqtiga Bartamaha Afrika|CAT]] ([[UTC+02:00|UTC+2]]) gudaha [[Johannesburg]], Koonfur Afrika. 48-da xul ee qaranka ee ku jiray waxaa loo qaybiyay laba iyo toban group oo min afar ah, kuwaas oo ka koobnaa 44-ka kooxood ee si toos ah u soo galay, marka lagu daro afartii guuleystay ee wareegga hordhaca ah, waxaana loo kala saaray afar weel oo min laba iyo toban ah iyadoo lagu saleynayo qiimeynta Juun 2024 ee [[Qiimeynta Adduunka ee Ragga ee FIFA|Qiimeynta Adduunka ee FIFA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Isku-aadka Isreeb-reebka TotalEnergies Koobka Qaramada Afrika Marooko 2025 ayaa loo qorsheeyay 04 Luulyo gudaha Johannesburg |url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-africa-cup-of-nations/news/draw-for-totalenergies-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025-qualifiers-set-for-04-july-in-johannesburg/ |access-date=13 Juun 2024 |website=Draw for TotalEnergies Africa Cup of Nations Morocco 2025 Qualifiers set for 4 July in Johannesburg |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 Juun 2024 |title=Qiimeynta Ragga |url=https://inside.fifa.com/fifa-world-ranking/men |access-date=20 Juun 2024 |publisher=FIFA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Xulalka u soo baxay===
​
24-ka xul ee soo socda ayaa u soo baxay daabacaaddan, dhammaantoodna horay ayay uga qaybgaleen tartanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Maalintii u dambaysay ee Isreeb-reebka TotalEnergies CAF Koobka Qaramada Afrika Marooko 2025 oo keentay riwaayad iyo xamaasad |url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-africa-cup-of-nations/news/last-day-of-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025-qualifiers-provides-drama-and-thrill/ |access-date=21 Noofeembar 2024 |website=Last Day of TotalEnergies CAF Africa Cup of Nations Morocco 2025 Qualifiers provides drama and thrill |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Marooko|Marooko]], oo ah dalka martigelinaya, ayaa ka ciyaartay isreeb-reebka [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group B|Group B]] inkasta oo ay si toos ah u soo baxday. [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Gaana|Gaana]], oo afar jeer ku guuleysatay horyaalnimada Afrika, ayaa ku guuldareysatay inay soo baxdo ka dib markii ay ku dhammaystay kaalinta u dambaysa ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group F|Group F]], iyagoo ka maqnaanaya Koobka Qaramada Afrika markii ugu horreysay tan iyo [[2004 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2004]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=15 Noofeembar 2024 |title=Gaana oo ku guuldareysatay inay gaarto AFCON markii ugu horreysay tan iyo '04 |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/42412488/ghana-fail-qualify-afcon-africa-cup-nations |access-date=16 Noofeembar 2024 |publisher=ESPN |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Millar |first=Colin |title=Gaana oo ku guuldareysatay inay u soo baxdo AFCON 2025 ka dib bar-bar dhac ay la gashay Angola |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5922531/2024/11/15/ghana-fail-afcon-qualification-sudan/ |access-date=16 Noofeembar 2024 |work=The New York Times |date=15 Noofeembar 2024 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Tunisiya|Tunisiya]] ayaa soo baxday markii 22-aad, waxayna kordhisay rikoorkeeda ka qaybgalka xiriirka ah, iyadoo gaartay tartanka markii 17-aad oo xiriir ah, mana aysan ka maqnaan tan iyo [[1994 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1994]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tunisiya oo qaab riwaayad leh ugu soo baxday AFCON 2025 |url=https://supersport.com/football/africa-cup-qual/news/75be85b8-e8e5-4404-8def-c40943a87378/tunisia-qualify-for-the-2025-afcon-in-dramatic-fashion |access-date=16 Noofeembar 2024 |website=SuperSport |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Komoros|Komoros]], [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Gabon|Gabon]], [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Suudaan|Suudaan]] iyo [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Simbaabwi|Simbaabwi]] ayaa dib ugu soo laabtay tartanka qaaradda ka dib markii ay ka maqnaayeen [[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Komoros oo la wareegtay kaalinta koowaad iyadoo Tunisiya ay ku turunturootay isreeb-reebka TotalEnergies CAF AFCON |url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-africa-cup-of-nations/news/comoros-claim-top-spot-as-tunisia-stumble-in-totalenergies-caf-afcon-qualifiers/ |access-date=21 Noofeembar 2024 |website=Comoros claim top spot as Tunisia stumble in TotalEnergies CAF AFCON qualifiers |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Benin|Benin]] iyo [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Ugaanda|Ugaanda]] ayaa dib u soo laabtay ka dib ku dhowaad shan sano oo ay ka maqnaayeen dhacdadan. [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Botswana|Botswana]] ayaa soo baxday markii labaad ka dib ka qaybgalkoodii ugu horreeyay ee [[2012 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2012]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Botswana oo dib ugu soo laabatay AFCON ka dib 12 sano oo ay maqnayd - Mauritania, Cape Verde oo ka haray |url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-africa-cup-of-nations/news/botswana-return-to-afcon-after-12-year-absence-mauritania-cape-verde-miss-out/ |access-date=21 Noofeembar 2024 |website=Botswana return to AFCON after 12-year absence - Mauritania, Cape Verde miss out |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Cape Verde|Cape Verde]], [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Gambiya|Gambiya]], [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Gini|Gini]], [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Gini-Bisaau|Gini-Bisaau]], [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Mauritania|Mauritania]] iyo [[Xulka qaranka kubadda cagta Namibia|Namibia]] ayaa sidoo kale ku guuldareystay inay soo baxaan ka dib markii ay ka muuqdeen [[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]].
​
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;style= white-space:nowrap
|-
!rowspan=2|Xulka
!rowspan=2|Habka soo bixitaanka
!rowspan=2|Taariikhda soo bixitaanka
!colspan=4 data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot;|Ka qaybgalka (yada)
!rowspan=2|Bandhiggii ugu wanaagsanaa ee hore
!rowspan=2|{{abbr|[[Qiimeynta Ragga ee FIFA|WR]]|Qiimeynta Adduunka ee FIFA bilowga tartanka.}}
|-
!{{Tooltip|Wadarta|Iyadoo lagu daray daabacaaddan}}
!{{abbr|Kow|Ka qaybgalkii koowaad}}
!{{abbr|Ugu dambeeyay|Ka qaybgalkii ugu dambeeyay}}
!{{abbr|Xiriir|Ka qaybgalka xiriirka ah ee hadda}}
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; | {{fb|MAR}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|B1|Martigeliyaha / Guuleystaha [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group B|Group B]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2023|9|27|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot;|20-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot;| [[1972 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1972]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| [[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;|5
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|1|'''Horyaal'''}} ([[1976 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1976]])
| align=&quot;center&quot;|11
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; | {{fb|BFA}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|L2|Kaalinta labaad ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group L|Group L]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|10|13|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |14-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; | [[1978 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1978]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; | [[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|2|Kaalinta labaad}} ([[2013 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2013]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |62
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; | {{fb|CMR}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|J1|Guuleystaha [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group J|Group J]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|10|14|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |22-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; | [[1970 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1970]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |6
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|1|'''Horyaal'''}} ([[1984 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1984]], [[1988 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1988]], [[2000 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2000]], [[2002 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2002]], [[2017 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2017]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |57
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|ALG}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|E1|Guuleystaha [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group E|Group E]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|10|14|addkey=2|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |21-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1968 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1968]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |7
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|1|'''Horyaal'''}} ([[1990 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1990]], [[2019 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2019]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|COD}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|H1|Guuleystaha [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group H|Group H]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|10|15|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |21-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1965 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1965]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|1|'''Horyaal'''}} ([[1968 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1968]], [[1974 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1974]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |56
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|SEN}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|L1|Guuleystaha [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group L|Group L]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|10|15|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1965 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1965]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |6
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|1|'''Horyaal'''}} ([[2021 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2021]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|EGY}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|C1|Guuleystaha [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group C|Group C]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|10|15|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |27-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1957 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1957]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |5
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|1|'''Horyaal'''}} ([[1957 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1957]], [[1959 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1959]], [[1986 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1986]], [[1998 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1998]], [[2006 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2006]], [[2008 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2008]], [[2010 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2010]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |35
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|ANG}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|F1|Guuleystaha [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group F|Group F]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|10|15|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1996 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1996]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|5|Wareegga sideed dhamaadka}} ([[2008 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2008]], [[2010 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2010]], [[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |89
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|EQG}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|E2|Kaalinta labaad ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group E|Group E]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|13|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |5-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2012 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2012]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|4|Kaalinta afaraad}} ([[2015 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2015]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |97
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|CIV}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|G2|Kaalinta labaad ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group G|Group G]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|13|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1965 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1965]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|1|'''Horyaal'''}} ([[1992 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1992]], [[2015 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2015]], [[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |42
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|GAB}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|B2|Kaalinta labaad ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group B|Group B]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|14|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |9-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1994 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1994]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2021 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2021]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|5|Wareegga sideed dhamaadka}} ([[1996 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1996]], [[2012 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2012]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |78
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|UGA}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|K2|Kaalinta labaad ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group K|Group K]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|14|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |8-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1962 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1962]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2019 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2019]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|2|Kaalinta labaad}} ([[1978 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1978]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |85
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|RSA}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|K1|Guuleystaha [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group K|Group K]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|14|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1996 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1996]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|1|'''Horyaal'''}} ([[1996 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1996]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |61
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{Fb|TUN}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|A2|Kaalinta labaad ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group A|Group A]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|14|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |22-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1962 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1962]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |17
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|1|'''Horyaal'''}} ([[2004 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2004]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|NGA}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|D1|Guuleystaha [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group D|Group D]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|14|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |21-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1963 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1963]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|1|'''Horyaal'''}} ([[1980 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1980]], [[1994 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1994]], [[2013 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2013]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |38
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|MLI}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|I1|Guuleystaha [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group I|Group I]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|15|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |14-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1972 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1972]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|2|Kaalinta labaad}} ([[1972 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1972]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |53
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|ZAM}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|G1|Guuleystaha [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group G|Group G]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|15|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1974 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1974]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|1|'''Horyaal'''}} ([[2012 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2012]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |91
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|ZIM}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|J2|Kaalinta labaad ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group J|Group J]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|15|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |6-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2004 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2004]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2021 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2021]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|7|Heerka group-yada}} ([[2004 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2004]], [[2006 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2006]], [[2017 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2017]], [[2019 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2019]], [[2021 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2021]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |129
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|COM}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|A1|Guuleystaha [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group A|Group A]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|15|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2021 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2021]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2021 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2021]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|6|Wareegga 16-ka}} ([[2021 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2021]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|SUD}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|F2|Kaalinta labaad ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group F|Group F]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|18|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1957 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1957]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2021 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2021]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|1|'''Horyaal'''}} ([[1970 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1970]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |117
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|BEN}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|D2|Kaalinta labaad ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group D|Group D]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|18|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |5-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2004 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2004]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2019 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2019]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|5|Wareegga sideed dhamaadka}} ([[2019 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2019]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|TAN}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|H2|Kaalinta labaad ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group H|Group H]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|19|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1980 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1980]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|7|Heerka group-yada}} ([[1980 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1980]], [[2019 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2019]], [[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |112
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|BOT}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|C2|Kaalinta labaad ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group C|Group C]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|19|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2012 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2012]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2012 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2012]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|7|Heerka group-yada}} ([[2012 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2012]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |138
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{fb|MOZ}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|I2|Kaalinta labaad ee [[Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 Group I|Group I]]}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{dts|2024|11|19|addkey=1|format=dmy}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |6-aad
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[1986 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1986]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |[[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{sort|7|Heerka group-yada}} ([[1986 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1986]], [[1996 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1996]], [[1998 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|1998]], [[2010 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2010]], [[2023 Koobka Qaramada Afrika|2023]])
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|}
​

== Garoomada ==

{{OSM Location map | width=310| height=280 | coord={{coord|32.5|-6.339}}| zoom=5| shape1=n-circle | caption=Goobaha magaalooyinka martigelinaya Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025 ee Marooko | auto-caption=6
| shape-color1       = #c1272d
| mark-coord1        = {{Coord|30.421389|-9.583056}}
| mark-title1        = [[Agadir]]
| mark-description1  = [[Garoonka Adrar]]
| mark-coord2        = {{Coord|33.533333|-7.583333}}
| shape-color2       = #c1272d
| mark-title2        = [[Casablanca]]
| mark-description2  = [[Garoonka Stade Mohammed V]]
| mark-coord3        = {{Coord|34.043333|-5.003333}}
| shape-color3       = #c1272d
| mark-title3        = [[Fes, Morocco|Fes]]
| mark-description3  = [[Garoonka Fes]]
| mark-coord4        = {{Coord|31.63|-8.008889}}
| shape-color4       = #c1272d
| mark-title4        = [[Marrakesh]]
| mark-description4  = [[Garoonka Marrakesh]]
| mark-coord5        = {{Coord|34.020882|-6.84165}}
| shape-color5       = #c1272d
| mark-title5        = [[Rabat]]
| mark-description5  = [[Garoonka Prince Moulay Abdellah]]
| mark-coord6        = {{Coord|35.776667|-5.803889}}
| shape-color6       = #c1272d
| mark-title6        = [[Tangier]]
| mark-description6  = [[Garoonka Tangier Grand Stadium]]
}}
27-kii Jannaayo 2025, [[Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika]] (CAF) oo ay weheliyaan [[Xiriirka Boqortooyada Marooko ee Kubadda Cagta]] iyo Guddiga Qabanqaabada Deegaanka ee TotalEnergies CAF Koobka Qaramada Afrika, Marooko 2025 ayaa ku dhawaaqay 9 garoon oo ku yaal 6 magaalo oo lagu qaban doono ciyaaraha tartanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=CAF iyo Guddiga Qabanqaabada Marooko oo ku dhawaaqay Magaalooyinka iyo Garoomada martigelinaya TotalEnergies CAF Koobka Qaramada Afrika, Marooko 2025 |url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-africa-cup-of-nations/news/caf-and-morocco-loc-announce-host-cities-and-venues-for-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025/ |publisher=[[Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Afrika]] |access-date=28 Jannaayo 2025 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
|+Liiska magaalooyinka iyo garoomada martigelinaya
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Magaalada
! Garoonka
! Qaadka
!Sawirka
|-
| [[Agadir]]
| [[Garoonka Adrar]]
| 45,480
| [[File:Adrar Stadium Agadir, FIFA CWC 2013.jpg|frameless]]
|-
| [[Casablanca]]
| [[Garoonka Stade Mohammed V]]
| 45,000
| [[File:Mohammed V stadium.jpg|frameless]]
|-
| [[Fes, Morocco|Fes]]
| [[Garoonka Fes]]
| 45,000
| [[File:Complexe sportif de Fès.jpg|frameless]]
|-
| [[Marrakesh]]
| [[Garoonka Marrakesh]]
| 45,240
| [[File:Stade de marrakech.jpg|frameless]]
|-
| rowspan=4 | [[Rabat]]
| [[Garoonka Prince Moulay Abdellah]]
| 69,500
| [[File:Moulay Abdellah Stadium.jpg|frameless]]
|-
| [[Garoonka Moulay Hassan]]
| 22,000
| [[File:Moulay El Hassan stadium.jpg|frameless]]
|-
| [[Garoonka Olombikada ee Rabat]]
| 21,000
| [[File:Olympic Stadium, Rabat (8).jpg|frameless]]
|-
| [[Garoonka Al Medina]]
| 18,000
| [[File:Al Barid Stadium (Nov 25).jpg|frameless]]
|-
| [[Tangier]]
| [[Garoonka Tangier Grand Stadium]]
| 75,500
| 
|}
​{{Clear}}
​
== Xulalka ==

{{main|Xulalka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025}}

==Masuuliyiinta ciyaarta==

=== Garsooreyaasha ===

26-kii Noofambar 2025, CAF ayaa soo saartay liiska dhammaystiran ee masuuliyiinta ciyaarta ee loo qoondeeyey Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025. Liisku wuxuu ka kooban yahay 73 masuul oo isugu jira: 28 garsoore, 31 caawiye garsoore, iyo 14 garsoore oo VAR ah. Dhammaan masuuliyiinta la doortay waxay si gaar ah uga yimaadeen Xiriirka Afrika.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=CAF appoints Match Officials for TotalEnergies CAF Africa Cup of Nations Morocco 2025|url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/caf-appoints-match-officials-for-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025/|website=cafonline.com|access-date=25 December 2025|date=26 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;matchofficials&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=APPOINTED MATCH OFFICIALS |url=https://www.cafonline.com/media/3hchtiyd/afcon-2025-match-officials.pdf |access-date=25 December 2025 |work=CAFONLINE |date=21 December 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+ Kooxaha garsoorka
|-
!Waddanka
!Garsooraha
!class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|Caawiyeyaasha garsooraha
!class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|Ciyaaraha loo xilsaaray
|-
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |{{fba|ALG}}
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; data-sort-value=&quot;Ghorbal, Mustapha&quot;|[[Mustapha Ghorbal]]
|{{fbicon|EGY}} [[Mahmoud Ahmed Abouelregal]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|ANG}} {{ill|Jerson Emiliano Dos Santos|de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams|Dhowr caawiyeyaal garsoore ayaa ka dhex muuqday kooxo garsoor oo kala duwan}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F#Ivory Coast vs Cameroon|Ivory Coast–Cameroon]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F|Group F]])
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |{{ill|Abbes Akram Zerhouni|de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
[[Adel Abane]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Egypt vs Ivory Coast|Egypt–Ivory Coast]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Quarter-final]])
|-
|data-sort-value=&quot;Youcef, Gamouh&quot;|[[Youcef Gamouh]]
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D#Senegal vs DR Congo|Senegal–DR Congo]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D|Group D]])
|-
|{{fba|BEN}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Houngnandande, Djindo Louis Houngnandande&quot;|{{ill|Djindo Louis Houngnandande|de}}
|[[Aymar Ulrich Eric Ayimavo]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|SUD}} {{ill|Mohammed Abdallah Ibrahim|de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C#Uganda vs Nigeria|Uganda–Nigeria]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C|Group C]])
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |{{fba|BDI}}
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; data-sort-value=&quot;Ndabihawenimana, Pacifique&quot;|[[Pacifique Ndabihawenimana]]
|{{fbicon|SEN}} {{ill|Djibril Camara (referee)|de||no|Djibril Camara|lt=Djibril Camara}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|SEN}} [[Nouha Bangoura]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B#Egypt vs South Africa|Egypt–South Africa]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B|Group B]])
|-
|{{fbicon|MLI}} [[Modibo Samake]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|ZAM}} {{ill|Diana Chikotesha|fr||de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E#Equatorial Guinea vs Algeria|Equatorial Guinea–Algeria]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E|Group E]])
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |{{fba|CMR}}
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; data-sort-value=&quot;Mefire, Abdou Abdoul&quot;|[[Abdou Abdel Mefire]]
|{{fbicon|CGO}} [[Moutsassi Styven Danek]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|CGO}} [[Yanes Malondi Chani]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A#Morocco vs Mali|Morocco–Mali]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A|Group A]])
|-
|[[Elvis Guy Noupue Nguegoue]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{ill|Carine Atezambong Fomo|fr||de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Nigeria vs Mozambique|Nigeria–Mozambique]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Round of 16]])
|-
|{{fba|CHA}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Allaou, Alhadji Mahamat&quot;|{{ill|Mahamat Alhadji Allaou|fr|Mahamat Alladj Allaou}}
|{{fbicon|CMR}} [[Elvis Guy Noupue Nguegoue]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|GAB}} [[Amos Abeigne Ndong]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A#Comoros vs Mali|Comoros–Mali]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A|Group A]])
|-
|{{fba|CGO}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Mvoutou, Jessie Oved Nkounkou Mvoutou&quot;|[[Messie Jessie Oved Nkounkou Mvoutou]]
|[[Moutsassi Styven Danek]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
[[Yanes Malondi Chani]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E#Equatorial Guinea vs Sudan|Equatorial Guinea–Sudan]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E|Group E]])
|-
|{{fba|DRC}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Ndala Ngambo, Jean-Jacques&quot;|[[Jean-Jacques Ndala Ngambo]]
|[[Guylain Nguila]]
[[Gradel Mbilizi Mwanya]]
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A#Morocco vs Comoros|Morocco–Comoros]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A|Group A]])
[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C#Tanzania vs Tunisia|Tanzania–Tunisia]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C|Group C]])
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |{{fba|EGY}}
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; data-sort-value=&quot;Mansour Maarouf, Mohamed&quot;|[[Mohamed Mansour Maarouf]]
|{{fbicon|TUN}} {{ill|Khalil Hassani|de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{ill|Ahmed Hossameldin Taha|de|Ahmed Hossam Eldin Taha}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E#Burkina Faso vs Equatorial Guinea|Burkina Faso–Equatorial Guinea]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E|Group E]])
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Mahmoud Ahmed Abouelregal]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{ill|Ahmed Hossameldin Taha|de|Ahmed Hossam Eldin Taha}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Algeria vs DR Congo|Algeria–DR Congo]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Round of 16]])
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; data-sort-value=&quot;Mohamed Omar, Amin&quot;|[[Amin Mohamed Omar]]
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E#Sudan vs Burkina Faso|Sudan–Burkina Faso]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E|Group E]])
|-
|[[Mahmoud Ahmed Abouelregal]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|ALG}} [[Adel Abane]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F#Cameroon vs Gabon|Cameroon–Gabon]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F|Group F]])
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |{{fba|GAB}}
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; data-sort-value=&quot;Atcho, Pierre Ghislain&quot;|{{ill|Pierre Ghislain Atcho|de||uk|П'єр Атчо}}
|{{fbicon|CMR}} [[Elvis Guy Noupue Nguegoue]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|CMR}} {{ill|Carine Atezambong Fomo|fr||de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E#Algeria vs Sudan|Algeria–Sudan]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E|Group E]])
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |{{ill|Boris Marlaise Ditsoga|de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
[[Amos Abeigne Ndong]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Egypt vs Benin|Egypt–Benin]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Round of 16]])
|-
| data-sort-value=&quot;Mebiame, Patrice Tanguy&quot;|{{ill|Tanguy Patrice Mebiame|de||uk|Патріс Мебіаме}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C#Tunisia vs Uganda|Tunisia–Uganda]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C|Group C]])
​|-
|{{fba|GHA}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Laryea, Dabiel Nii Ayi&quot;|[[Daniel Nii Ayi Laryea]]
|{{fbicon|RSA}} [[Zakhele Siwela]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|LES}} [[Souru Phatsoane]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E#Algeria vs Burkina Faso|Algeria–Burkina Faso]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E|Group E]])
|-
|{{fba|CIV}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Kpan, Clement Franklin&quot;|[[Clement Franklin Kpan]]
|{{fbicon|MAD}} {{ill|Dimbiniaina Andriatianarivelo|de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|TOG}} {{ill|Jonathan Koffi Ahonto|fr||de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B#Angola vs Egypt|Angola–Egypt]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B|Group B]])
|-
|{{fba|KEN}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Waweru Kamaku, Peter&quot;|[[Peter Waweru|Peter Waweru Kamaku]]
|[[Gilbert Cheruiyot|Gilbert Kipkoech Cheruiyot]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
[[Stephen Elezar Onyango Yiembe]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B#Angola vs Zimbabwe|Angola–Zimbabwe]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B|Group B]])
[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#South Africa vs Cameroon|South Africa–Cameroon]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Round of 16]])
|-
|{{fba|MLI}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Traore, Boubou&quot;|{{ill|Boubou Traoré|de||uk|Бубу Траор}}
|[[Modibo Samake]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|TOG}} {{ill|Jonathan Koffi Ahonto|fr||de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C#Nigeria vs Tunisia|Nigeria–Tunisia]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C|Group C]])
[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Morocco vs Tanzania|Morocco–Tanzania]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Round of 16]])
|-
|rowspan =&quot;2&quot; |{{fba|MRT}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Bouh, Abdel Aziz&quot;|{{ill|Abdel Aziz Bouh|de}}
|{{fbicon|MLI}} [[Modibo Samake]]
{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|TOG}} {{ill|Jonathan Koffi Ahonto|fr||de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D#Senegal vs Botswana|Senegal–Botswana]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D|Group D]])
|-
|data-sort-value=&quot;Beida, Dahane&quot;|[[Dahane Beida]]
|{{fbicon|ANG}} {{ill|Jerson Emiliano Dos Santos|de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|ANG}} [[Ivanildo Meirelles De Sanches Lopes]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C#Nigeria vs Tanzania|Nigeria–Tanzania]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C|Group C]])
[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Senegal vs Sudan|Senegal–Sudan]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Round of 16]])
[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Cameroon vs Morocco|Cameroon–Morocco]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Quarter-final]])
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |{{fba|MUS}}
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; data-sort-value=&quot;Heerallal, Ahmed Imtehaz&quot;|{{ill|Ahmed Imtehaz Heerallal|de||uk|Ахмад Хіралалл}}
|{{fbicon|MOZ}} {{ill|Arsenio Chadreque Maringule|fr|Arsenio Marengula}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|STP}} [[Abelmiro dos Reis Monte Negro]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A#Zambia vs Comoros|Zambia–Comoros]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A|Group A]])
|-
|{{fbicon|MOZ}} {{ill|Arsenio Chadreque Maringule|fr|Arsenio Marengula}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|ANG}} [[Ivanildo Meirelles De Sanches Lopes]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D#Botswana vs DR Congo|Botswana–DR Congo]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D|Group D]])
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |{{fba|MAR}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Jayed, Jalal&quot;|{{ill|Jalal Jayed|de||uk|Джаєд Джалал}}
|{{ill|Zakaria Brinsi|de}}
{{ill|Mostafa Akarkad|de}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C#Uganda vs Tanzania|Uganda–Tanzania]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C|Group C]])
[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F#Mozambique vs Cameroon|Mozambique–Cameroon]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F|Group F]])
|-
|data-sort-value=&quot;Kechchaf, Mustapha&quot;|[[Mustapha Kechchaf]]
|{{fbicon|CGO}} [[Moutsassi Styven Danek]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|CGO}} [[Yanes Malondi Chani]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B#Zimbabwe vs South Africa|Zimbabwe–South Africa]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B|Group B]])
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |{{fba|RWA}}
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; data-sort-value=&quot;Uwikunda, Samuel&quot;|{{ill|Samuel Uwikunda|de}}
|{{fbicon|BEN}} [[Aymar Ulrich Eric Ayimavo]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|MAD}} {{ill|Dimbiniaina Andriatianarivelo|de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F#Ivory Coast vs Mozambique|Ivory Coast–Mozambique]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F|Group F]])
|-
|{{fbicon|KEN}} [[Gilbert Cheruiyot|Gilbert Kipkoech Cheruiyot]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|KEN}} [[Stephen Elezar Onyango Yiembe]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D#Benin vs Senegal|Benin–Senegal]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D|Group D]])
|-
|{{fba|SEN}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Sy, Issa&quot;|[[Issa Sy]]
|{{ill|Djibril Camara (referee)|de||no|Djibril Camara|lt=Djibril Camara}}
[[Nouha Bangoura]]
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B#Egypt vs Zimbabwe|Egypt–Zimbabwe]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B|Group B]])
[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A#Zambia vs Morocco|Zambia–Morocco]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A|Group A]])
[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Algeria vs Nigeria|Algeria–Nigeria]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Quarter-final]])
|-
|{{fba|SOM}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Artan, Omar Abdulkadir&quot;|[[Omar Abdulkadir Artan]]
|{{fbicon|DJI}} {{ill|Liban Abdoulrazack Ahmed|de|Liban Ahmed}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|STP}} [[Abelmiro dos Reis Monte Negro]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A#Mali vs Zambia|Mali–Zambia]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A|Group A]])
[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F#Gabon vs Ivory Coast|Gabon–Ivory Coast]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F|Group F]])
|-
|{{fba|RSA}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Tom, Abongile&quot;|[[Abongile Tom]]
|[[Zakhele Siwela]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|LES}} [[Souru Phatsoane]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D#DR Congo vs Benin|DR Congo–Benin]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D|Group D]])
[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Mali vs Tunisia|Mali–Tunisia]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Round of 16]])
[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Mali vs Senegal|Mali–Senegal]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Quarter-final]])
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |{{fba|SUD}}
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; data-sort-value=&quot;Ali Mahmood Ismail, Mahmood&quot;|{{ill|Mahmood Ali Mahmood Ismail|de||uk|Махмуд Ісмаїл}}
|{{ill|Mohammed Abdallah Ibrahim|de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|KEN}}[[Stephen Elezar Onyango Yiembe]]{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B#South Africa vs Angola|South Africa–Angola]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B|Group B]])
|-
|{{fbicon|DJI}} {{ill|Liban Abdoulrazack Ahmed|de|Liban Ahmed}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|MAD}} {{ill|Dimbiniaina Andriatianarivelo|de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Ivory Coast vs Burkina Faso|Ivory Coast–Burkina Faso]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Round of 16]])
|-
|{{fba|TUN}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Melki, Mehrez&quot;|[[Mehrez Melki]]
|{{ill|Khalil Hassani|de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|EGY}} {{ill|Ahmed Hossameldin Taha|de|Ahmed Hossam Eldin Taha}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F#Gabon vs Mozambique|Gabon–Mozambique]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F|Group F]])
|-
|{{fba|UGA}}
|data-sort-value=&quot;Nabadda, Shamirah&quot;|[[Shamirah Nabadda]]
|{{fbicon|ZAM}} {{ill|Diana Chikotesha|fr||de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
{{fbicon|CMR}} {{ill|Carine Atezambong Fomo|fr||de}}{{efn|name=multipleteams}}
|[[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D#Benin vs Botswana|Benin–Botswana]] ([[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D|Group D]])
|}
{{notelist}}
​

== Isku-aadka ==

Isku-aadka wuxuu dhacay 27-kii Janaayo 2025 Masraxa Qaranka ee Mohammed V ee ku yaalla [[Rabat]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AFCON 2025: Draw Scheduled for January 27 in Rabat. The draw was conducted on the 27th of January 2025 at the Mohammed V National Theatre in Rabat|url=https://www.footboom1.com/en/news/football/2188632-afcon-2025-draw-scheduled-for-january-27-in-rabat |access-date=16 December 2024 |website=www.footboom1.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isku-aadka waxaa sameeyay [[Mustapha Hadji]] (Marooko), [[Serge Aurier]] (Ivory Coast), [[Aliou Cissé]] (Senegal) iyo [[Joseph Yobo]] (Nayjeeriya).
{| class=wikitable
|-
!width=25%|Dheriga 1
!width=25%|Dheriga 2
!width=25%|Dheriga 3
!width=25%|Dheriga 4
|- valign=top
|{{fb|MAR}} (martigeliyaha)
{{fb|SEN}}
{{fb|EGY}}
{{fb|ALG}}
{{fb|NGA}}
{{fb|CIV}} (koobka haysta)
|{{fb|CMR}}
{{fb|MLI}}
{{fb|TUN}}
{{fb|RSA}}
{{fb|COD}}
{{fb|BFA}}
|{{fb|GAB}}
{{fb|AGO}}
{{fb|ZMB}}
{{fb|UGA}}
{{fb|GNQ}}
{{fb|BEN}}
|{{fb|MOZ}}
{{fb|COM}}
{{fb|TAN}}
{{fb|SDN}}
{{fb|ZWE}}
{{fb|BWA}}
|}
​
== Heerka guruubyada ==

{{Hatnote|Dhammaan waqtiyadu waa waqtiga maxaliga ah, [[Central European Time|CET]] ([[UTC+01:00|UTC+1]]).}}
​CAF waxay ku dhawaaqday jadwalka tartanka 31-kii Janaayo 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-africa-cup-of-nations/news/caf-announce-match-schedule-for-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025/ |title=CAF announce match schedule for TotalEnergies CAF Africa Cup of Nations, Morocco 2025 |publisher=Confederation of African Football |date=31 January 2025 |access-date=1 February 2025 |archive-date=1 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250201094623/https://www.cafonline.com/caf-africa-cup-of-nations/news/caf-announce-match-schedule-for-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cafonline.com/media/50ykqklv/match_schedule_totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations_morocco-25.pdf |title=2025 Africa Cup of Nations match schedule |publisher=Confederation of African Football |date=31 January 2025 |access-date=1 February 2025 |archive-date=1 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250201094759/https://www.cafonline.com/media/50ykqklv/match_schedule_totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations_morocco-25.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Laba kooxood ee ugu sarreeya guruub kasta, iyo afar kooxood ee ugu dhibco badan kaalmaha saddexaad, ayaa u gudbay wareegga 16-ka.

===Kala saarista===

Kooxaha waxaa loo kala darajeeyay nidaamka [[three points for a win|saddex dhibcood guul kasta]] (3 dhibcood guusha, 1 barbaraha, 0 dhibcood guuldarrada), haddii dhibcaha lagu kala bixi waayana, shuruudaha soo socda ee kala-saarista ayaa loo adeegsaday, siday u kala horeeyaan, si loo go'aamiyo kala-sarreynta (Xeerka Qodobka 74):&lt;ref name=&quot;regulations&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Nassar|first=Khaled|date=21 October 2021|title=Regulations of the Africa Cup of Nations|url=https://www.cafonline.com/media/bl2lhb3v/bm58fa2qjh76asriri5s.pdf |publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]] |access-date=11 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​Dhibcaha ay iska heleen kooxaha dhibcaha ku siman kulamadooda fool-ka-foolka ah;
​[[Goal difference|Farqiga goolasha]] ee kulamada fool-ka-foolka ah ee dhexmaray kooxaha dhibcaha ku siman;
​Goolasha la dhaliyay kulamada fool-ka-foolka ah ee dhexmaray kooxaha dhibcaha ku siman;
​Haddii wax ka badan labo kooxood ay dhibcaha ku siman yihiin, ka dib marka la mariyo dhamaan shuruudaha fool-ka-foolka ah ee kor ku xusan, haddii labo kooxood ay weli isku mid yihiin, dhamaan shuruudaha fool-ka-foolka ah ayaa dib loogu dabaqayaa labadaas kooxood oo kaliya;
​Farqiga goolasha ee dhamaan kulamada guruubka;
​Goolasha la dhaliyay dhamaan kulamada guruubka;
​Bakhti-nasiib (tuurista qadaadiicda ama saami).
​
===Guruubka A===

{{main|2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A}}
​{{2025 Africa Cup of Nations group tables|Group A|only_pld_pts=no_hide_class_rules}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A|A1}} {{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A|A2}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A|A4}} {{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A|A3}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A|A5}}
{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A|A6}}
​
===Guruubka B===

{{main|2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B}}
​{{2025 Africa Cup of Nations group tables|Group B|only_pld_pts=no_hide_class_rules}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B|B2}} {{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B|B1}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B|B4}} {{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B|B3}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B|B5}}
{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B|B6}}
​
===Guruubka C===

{{main|2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C}}
​{{2025 Africa Cup of Nations group tables|Group C|only_pld_pts=no_hide_class_rules}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C|C1}} {{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C|C2}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C|C4}} {{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C|C3}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C|C5}}
{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C|C6}}
​
===Guruubka D===

{{main|2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D}}
​{{2025 Africa Cup of Nations group tables|Group D|only_pld_pts=no_hide_class_rules}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D|D2}} {{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D|D1}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D|D4}} {{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D|D3}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D|D5}}
{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D|D6}}
​
===Guruubka E===

{{main|2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E}}
​{{2025 Africa Cup of Nations group tables|Group E|only_pld_pts=no_hide_class_rules}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E|E2}} {{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E|E1}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E|E4}} {{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E|E3}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E|E5}}
{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E|E6}}
​
===Guruubka F===

{{main|2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F}}
​{{2025 Africa Cup of Nations group tables|Group F|only_pld_pts=no_hide_class_rules}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F|F1}} {{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F|F2}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F|F4}} {{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F|F3}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F|F5}}
{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F|F6}}
​
===Kala-sarreynta kooxaha kaalinta saddexaad===

{{2025 Africa Cup of Nations group tables|3rd place}}
​

==Wareegga reer-baxa==

{{main|2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage}}

===Shaxda wareegga===

{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|Bracket}}
​
===Wareegga 16-ka=== 

{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|R16-M1}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|R16-M2}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|R16-M3}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|R16-M4}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|R16-M5}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|R16-M6}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|R16-M7}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|R16-M8}}
​
===Rubuc-dhamaadka=== 

{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|QF1}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|QF2}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|QF3}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|QF4}}

===Sama fiinaalka=== 

{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|SF1}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|SF2}}
​

===Ciyaarta kaalinta saddexaad===

{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage|3rd}}
​
===Finalka===

{{Main|2025 Africa Cup of Nations final}}
​{{#lst:2025 Africa Cup of Nations final|Final}}
​
==Istaatistikada==

===Gool-dhaliyeyaasha===

Ciyaartoyda magacyadoodu ay '''buuran yihiin''' weli waxay ku jiraan tartanka.
{{Goalscorers
|goals=120 |matches=50
|updated=14 January 2026 |ongoing=y
|source=
|5 goal=
*{{fbicon|MAR}} '''[[Brahim Díaz]]'''
|4 goal=
*{{fbicon|EGY}} '''[[Mohamed Salah]]'''
*{{fbicon|NGA}} '''[[Victor Osimhen]]'''
|3 goal=
*{{fbicon|ALG}} [[Riyad Mahrez]]
*{{fbicon|CIV}} [[Amad Diallo]]
*{{fbicon|MLI}} [[Lassine Sinayoko]]
*{{fbicon|MAR}} '''[[Ayoub El Kaabi]]'''
*{{fbicon|NGA}} '''[[Ademola Lookman]]'''
​|2 goal=
*{{fbicon|ALG}} [[Ibrahim Maza]]
*{{fbicon|CMR}} [[Christian Kofane]]
*{{fbicon|COD}} [[Gaël Kakuta]]
*{{fbicon|EGY}} '''[[Omar Marmoush]]'''
*{{fbicon|CIV}} [[Bazoumana Touré]]
*{{fbicon|MOZ}} [[Geny Catamo]]
*{{fbicon|NGA}} '''[[Akor Adams]]'''
*{{fbicon|NGA}} '''[[Raphael Onyedika]]'''
*{{fbicon|SEN}} '''[[Pape Gueye]]'''
*{{fbicon|SEN}} '''[[Nicolas Jackson]]'''
*{{fbicon|SEN}} '''[[Sadio Mané]]'''
*{{fbicon|SEN}} '''[[Cherif Ndiaye]]'''
*{{fbicon|RSA}} [[Oswin Appollis]]
*{{fbicon|RSA}} [[Lyle Foster]]
*{{fbicon|TUN}} [[Elias Achouri]]
​|1 goal=
*{{fbicon|ALG}} [[Zineddine Belaïd]]
*{{fbicon|ALG}} [[Adil Boulbina]]
*{{fbicon|ALG}} [[Farès Chaïbi]]
*{{fbicon|ANG}} [[Gelson Dala]]
*{{fbicon|ANG}} [[Show (footballer)|Show]]
*{{fbicon|BEN}} [[Jodel Dossou]]
*{{fbicon|BEN}} [[Yohan Roche]]
*{{fbicon|BFA}} [[Arsène Kouassi]]
*{{fbicon|BFA}} [[Georgi Minoungou]]
*{{fbicon|BFA}} [[Edmond Tapsoba]]
*{{fbicon|BFA}} [[Lassina Traoré]]
*{{fbicon|CMR}} [[Karl Etta Eyong]]
*{{fbicon|CMR}} [[Junior Tchamadeu]]
*{{fbicon|COD}} [[Cédric Bakambu]]
*{{fbicon|COD}} [[Théo Bongonda]]
*{{fbicon|COD}} [[Nathanaël Mbuku]]
*{{fbicon|EGY}} '''[[Marwan Attia]]'''
*{{fbicon|EGY}} '''[[Yasser Ibrahim]]'''
*{{fbicon|EGY}} '''[[Ramy Rabia]]'''
*{{fbicon|EQG}} [[Marvin Anieboh]]
*{{fbicon|EQG}} [[Emilio Nsue]]
*{{fbicon|GAB}} [[Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang]]
*{{fbicon|GAB}} [[Denis Bouanga]]
*{{fbicon|GAB}} [[Guélor Kanga]]
*{{fbicon|GAB}} [[Alex Moucketou-Moussounda]]
*{{fbicon|CIV}} [[Yan Diomande]]
*{{fbicon|CIV}} [[Guéla Doué]]
*{{fbicon|CIV}} [[Evann Guessand]]
*{{fbicon|CIV}} [[Jean-Philippe Krasso]]
*{{fbicon|MAR}} '''[[Ismael Saibari]]'''
*{{fbicon|MOZ}} [[Faisal Bangal]]
*{{fbicon|MOZ}} [[Diogo Calila]]
*{{fbicon|NGA}} '''[[Semi Ajayi]]'''
*{{fbicon|NGA}} '''[[Wilfred Ndidi]]'''
*{{fbicon|NGA}} '''[[Paul Onuachu]]'''
*{{fbicon|SEN}} '''[[Habib Diallo]]'''
*{{fbicon|SEN}} '''[[Ibrahim Mbaye]]'''
*{{fbicon|SEN}} '''[[Iliman Ndiaye]]'''
*{{fbicon|SEN}} '''[[Abdoulaye Seck (footballer, born 1992)|Abdoulaye Seck]]'''
*{{fbicon|RSA}} [[Evidence Makgopa]]
*{{fbicon|RSA}} [[Tshepang Moremi]]
*{{fbicon|SUD}} [[Aamir Abdallah]]
*{{fbicon|TAN}} [[Charles M'Mombwa]]
*{{fbicon|TAN}} [[Simon Msuva]]
*{{fbicon|TAN}} [[Feisal Salum]]
*{{fbicon|TUN}} [[Ali Abdi (footballer)|Ali Abdi]]
*{{fbicon|TUN}} [[Firas Chaouat]]
*{{fbicon|TUN}} [[Ismaël Gharbi]]
*{{fbicon|TUN}} [[Ellyes Skhiri]]
*{{fbicon|TUN}} [[Montassar Talbi]]
*{{fbicon|UGA}} [[Uche Ikpeazu]]
*{{fbicon|UGA}} [[Rogers Mato]]
*{{fbicon|UGA}} [[Denis Omedi]]
*{{fbicon|ZAM}} [[Patson Daka]]
*{{fbicon|ZIM}} [[Prince Dube]]
*{{fbicon|ZIM}} [[Tawanda Maswanhise]]
*{{fbicon|ZIM}} [[Knowledge Musona]]
​|1 own goal=
*{{fbicon|EGY}} [[Ahmed Abou El Fotouh]] (ka geeyay Ivory Coast)
*{{fbicon|EQG}} [[Saúl Coco]] (ka geeyay Sudan)
*{{fbicon|CIV}} [[Ghislain Konan]] (ka geeyay Cameroon)
*{{fbicon|MOZ}} [[Nené (footballer, born 1996)|Nené]] (ka geeyay Cameroon)
*{{fbicon|RSA}} [[Aubrey Modiba]] (ka geeyay Zimbabwe)
}}
​
===Anshaxa===

Ciyaaryahanka waxaa si toos ah looga haysanayaa ciyaarta xigta dambiyadan soo socda awgood:
​Qaadashada kaarka cas (ganaaxa kaarka cas waa la kordhin karaa dambiyada halista ah awgood)
​Qaadashada labo kaar oo jaalle ah labo ciyaarood oo kala duwan
​Ka dib dhammaadka kulamada guruubyada, dhamaan digniinaha (kaararka jaallaha ah) la qaatay waa la tirtirayaa inta ka hadsan tartanka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ciyaaryahankii horay u soo qaatay labo kaar oo jaalle ah wuxuu qaadanayaa ganaaxa hal ciyaar ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=REGULATIONS of the AFRICA CUP OF NATIONS |url=https://www.cafonline.com/media/bl2lhb3v/bm58fa2qjh76asriri5s.pdf |website=cafonline}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ganaaxyadan soo socda ayaa dhacay intii uu tartanku socday:
​
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|-
! Ciyaaryahanka(da)/Masuulka(ka)
! Dambiga
! Ganaaxa
|-
!colspan=3|Ganaaxyada heerka guruubyada
|-
| {{fbicon|EQG}} [[Basilio Ndong]]
| {{sent off}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E#Equatorial Guinea vs Burkina Faso|Guruubka E]] vs [[Burkina Faso national football team|Burkina Faso]] (maalinta 1-aad; 24 Diseembar 2025)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E#Equatorial Guinea vs Sudan|Guruubka E]] vs [[Sudan national football team|Sudan]] (maalinta 2-aad; 28 Diseembar 2025)
|-
| {{fbicon|SUD}} [[Salah Adel]]
| {{Sent off|2}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E#Algeria vs Sudan|Guruubka E]] vs [[Algeria national football team|Algeria]] (maalinta 1-aad; 24 Diseembar 2025)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E#Equatorial Guinea vs Sudan|Guruubka E]] vs [[Equatorial Guinea national football team|Equatorial Guinea]] (maalinta 2-aad; 28 Diseembar 2025)
|-
| {{fbicon|EGY}} [[Mohamed Hany]]
| {{Sent off|2}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B#Egypt vs South Africa|Guruubka B]] vs [[South Africa national football team|South Africa]] (maalinta 2-aad; 26 Diseembar 2025)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group B#Angola vs Egypt|Guruubka B]] vs [[Angola national football team|Angola]] (maalinta 3-aad; 29 Diseembar 2025)
|-
| {{fbicon|MLI}} [[Aliou Dieng]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A#Mali vs Zambia|Guruubka A]] vs [[Zambia national football team|Zambia]] (maalinta 1-aad; 22 Diseembar 2025)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A#Morocco vs Mali|Guruubka A]] vs [[Morocco national football team|Morocco]] (maalinta 2-aad; 26 Diseembar 2025)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A#Comoros vs Mali|Guruubka A]] vs [[Comoros national football team|Comoros]] (maalinta 3-aad; 29 Diseembar 2025)
|-
| {{fbicon|CMR}} [[Junior Tchamadeu]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F#Cameroon vs Gabon|Guruubka F]] vs [[Gabon national football team|Gabon]] (maalinta 1-aad; 24 Diseembar 2025)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F#Ivory Coast vs Cameroon|Guruubka F]] vs [[Ivory Coast national football team|Ivory Coast]] (maalinta 2-aad; 28 Diseembar 2025)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F#Mozambique vs Cameroon|Guruubka F]] vs [[Mozambique national football team|Mozambique]] (maalinta 3-aad; 31 Diseembar 2025)
|-
| {{fbicon|ZAM}} [[Kings Kangwa]]
| {{sent off}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A#Zambia vs Morocco|Guruubka A]] vs [[Morocco national football team|Morocco]] (maalinta 3-aad; 29 Diseembar 2025)
|''Ganaaxa waxaa loo qaadan doonaa banaanka tartanka''
|-
| {{fbicon|UGA}} [[Uche Ikpeazu]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C#Uganda vs Tanzania|Guruubka C]] vs [[Tanzania national football team|Tanzania]] (maalinta 2-aad; 27 Diseembar 2025)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C#Uganda vs Nigeria|Guruubka C]] vs [[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]] (maalinta 3-aad; 30 Diseembar 2025)
|''Ganaaxa waxaa loo qaadan doonaa banaanka tartanka''
|-
| {{fbicon|UGA}} [[Jamal Salim]]
| {{sent off}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group C#Uganda vs Nigeria|Guruubka C]] vs [[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]] (maalinta 3-aad; 30 Diseembar 2025)
|''Ganaaxa waxaa loo qaadan doonaa banaanka tartanka''
|-
| {{fbicon|EQG}} [[Iban Salvador]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E#Equatorial Guinea vs Burkina Faso|Guruubka E]] vs [[Burkina Faso national football team|Burkina Faso]] (maalinta 1-aad; 24 Diseembar 2025)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group E#Equatorial Guinea vs Algeria|Guruubka E]] vs [[Algeria national football team|Algeria]] (maalinta 3-aad; 31 Diseembar 2025)
|''Ganaaxa waxaa loo qaadan doonaa banaanka tartanka''
|-
| {{fbicon|GAB}} [[Didier Ndong]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F#Gabon vs Cameroon|Guruubka F]] vs [[Cameroon national football team|Cameroon]] (maalinta 1-aad; 24 Diseembar 2025)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group F#Gabon vs Ivory Coast|Guruubka F]] vs [[Ivory Coast national football team|Ivory Coast]] (maalinta 3-aad; 31 Diseembar 2025)
|''Ganaaxa waxaa loo qaadan doonaa banaanka tartanka''
|-
!colspan=3|Ganaaxyada heerka reer-baxa
|-
| {{fbicon|MLI}} [[Amadou Haidara]]
| {{sent off}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group A#Comoros vs Mali|Guruubka A]] vs [[Comoros national football team|Comoros]] (maalinta 3-aad; 29 Diseembar 2025)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Mali vs Tunisia|Wareegga 16-ka]] vs [[Tunisia national football team|Tunisia]] (3 Janaayo 2026)
|-
| {{fbicon|SEN}} [[Kalidou Koulibaly]]
| {{sent off}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D#Benin vs Senegal|Guruubka D]] vs [[Benin national football team|Benin]] (maalinta 3-aad; 30 Diseembar 2025)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Senegal vs 3rd Group E|Wareegga 16-ka]] vs [[Sudan national football team|Sudan]] (3 Janaayo 2026)
|-
| {{fbicon|BEN}} [[Abdoul Moumini]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D#DR Congo vs Benin|Guruubka D]] vs [[DR Congo national football team|DR Congo]] (maalinta 1-aad; 23 Diseembar 2025)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations Group D#Benin vs Senegal|Guruubka D]] vs [[Senegal national football team|Senegal]] (maalinta 3-aad; 30 Diseembar 2025)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Egypt vs Benin|Wareegga 16-ka]] vs [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] (5 Janaayo 2026)
|-
| {{fbicon|MLI}} [[Woyo Coulibaly]]
| {{sent off}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Mali vs Tunisia|Wareegga 16-ka]] vs [[Tunisia national football team|Tunisia]] (3 Janaayo 2026)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Mali vs Senegal|Rubuc-dhamaadka]] vs [[Senegal national football team|Senegal]] (9 Janaayo 2026)
|-
| {{fbicon|MLI}} [[Yves Bissouma]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Mali vs Tunisia|Wareegga 16-ka]] vs [[Tunisia national football team|Tunisia]] (3 Janaayo 2026)
{{Sent off|2}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Mali vs Senegal|Rubuc-dhamaadka]] vs [[Senegal national football team|Senegal]] (9 Janaayo 2026)
|''Ganaaxa waxaa loo qaadan doonaa banaanka tartanka''
|-
| {{fbicon|CMR}} [[Nouhou Tolo]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Cameroon vs South Africa|Wareegga 16-ka]] vs [[South Africa national football team|South Africa]] (4 Janaayo 2026)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Cameroon vs Morocco|Rubuc-dhamaadka]] vs [[Morocco national football team|Morocco]] (9 Janaayo 2026)
|''Ganaaxa waxaa loo qaadan doonaa banaanka tartanka''
|-
| {{fbicon|NGR}} [[Wilfred Ndidi]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Nigeria vs Mozambique|Wareegga 16-ka]] vs [[Mozambique national football team|Mozambique]] (5 Janaayo 2026)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Nigeria vs Algeria|Rubuc-dhamaadka]] vs [[Algeria national football team|Algeria]] (10 Janaayo 2026)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Nigeria vs Morocco|Semi-finalka]] vs [[Morocco national football team|Morocco]] (14 Janaayo 2026)
|-
| {{fbicon|ALG}} [[Anis Hadj Moussa]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Algeria vs DR Congo|Wareegga 16-ka]] vs [[DR Congo national football team|DR Congo]] (6 Janaayo 2026)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Algeria vs Nigeria|Rubuc-dhamaadka]] vs [[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]] (10 Janaayo 2026)
|''Ganaaxa waxaa loo qaadan doonaa banaanka tartanka''
|-
| {{fbicon|EGY}} [[Hossam Abdelmaguid]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Egypt vs Ivory Coast|Rubuc-dhamaadka]] vs [[Ivory Coast national football team|Ivory Coast]] (10 Janaayo 2026)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Egypt vs Senegal|Semi-finalka]] vs [[Senegal national football team|Senegal]] (14 Janaayo 2026)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Third place play-off|Ciyaarta kaalinta saddexaad]] vs [[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]] (17 Janaayo 2026)
|-
| {{fbicon|NGA}} [[Calvin Bassey]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Nigeria vs Mozambique|Wareegga 16-ka]] vs [[Mozambique national football team|Mozambique]] (5 Janaayo 2026)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Nigeria vs Morocco|Semi-finalka]] vs [[Morocco national football team|Morocco]] (14 Janaayo 2026)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Third place play-off|Ciyaarta kaalinta saddexaad]] vs [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] (17 Janaayo 2026)
|-
| {{fbicon|SEN}} [[Kalidou Koulibaly]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Senegal vs Mali|Rubuc-dhamaadka]] vs [[Mali national football team|Mali]] (9 Janaayo 2026)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Senegal vs Egypt|Semi-finalka]] vs [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] (14 Janaayo 2026)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations final|Finalka]] vs [[Morocco national football team|Morocco]] (18 Janaayo 2026)
|-
| {{fbicon|SEN}} [[Habib Diarra]]
| {{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Senegal vs Mali|Rubuc-dhamaadka]] vs [[Mali national football team|Mali]] (9 Janaayo 2026)
{{yel}} kulankii [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage#Senegal vs Egypt|Semi-finalka]] vs [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] (14 Janaayo 2026)
| [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations final|Finalka]] vs [[Morocco national football team|Morocco]] (18 Janaayo 2026)
|-
|}
​

===Xiddiga ciyaarta===

Abaalmarinta [[Xiddiga Ciyaarta]] waxaa la bixiyaa ciyaar kasta oo ka mid ah tartanka ka dib. Abaalmarintan, oo ay bixiso shirkadda [[TotalEnergies]], waxaa ku jira koob rasmi ah oo la guddoonsiiyo ciyaaryahanka marka ay ciyaartu dhammaato.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | date=24 December 2025| title=TotalEnergies CAF Men of the Match|url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/totalenergies-caf-men-of-the-match/|website=cafonline.com|publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]]|access-date=24 December 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Heerka !! Kooxda 1 !! Natiijada !! Kooxda 2 !! Xiddiga Ciyaarta
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|Kulamada heerka guruubyada
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka A || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|MAR}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''2–0''' || {{fb|COM}} || {{fbicon|MAR}} [[Brahim Díaz]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|MLI}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–1''' || {{fb|ZAM}} || {{fbicon|MLI}} [[Lassine Sinayoko]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|Guruubka B|| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|RSA}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''2–1''' || {{fb|ANG}} || {{fbicon|RSA}} [[Lyle Foster]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|EGY}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''2–1''' || {{fb|ZIM}} || {{fbicon|EGY}} [[Omar Marmoush]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka D || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|COD}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–0''' || {{fb|BEN}} || {{fbicon|COD}} [[Théo Bongonda]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|SEN}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''3–0''' || {{fb|BOT}} || {{fbicon|SEN}} [[Nicolas Jackson]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka C || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|NGA}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''2–1''' || {{fb|TAN}} || {{fbicon|NGA}} [[Semi Ajayi]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|TUN}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''3–1''' || {{fb|UGA}} || {{fbicon|TUN}} [[Elias Achouri]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka E || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|BFA}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''2–1''' || {{fb|EQG}} || {{fbicon|BFA}} [[Edmond Tapsoba]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|ALG}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''3–0''' || {{fb|SUD}} || {{fbicon|ALG}} [[Riyad Mahrez]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka F || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|CIV}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–0''' || {{fb|MOZ}} || {{fbicon|CIV}} [[Amad Diallo]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|CMR}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–0''' || {{fb|GAB}} || {{fbicon|CMR}} [[Bryan Mbeumo]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka B || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|ANG}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–1''' || {{fb|ZIM}} || {{fbicon|ANG}} [[Fredy (footballer, born 1990)|Fredy]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|EGY}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–0''' || {{fb|RSA}} || {{fbicon|EGY}} [[Mohamed El Shenawy]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka A || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|ZAM}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''0–0''' || {{fb|COM}} || {{fbicon|COM}} [[Zaydou Youssouf]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|MAR}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–1'''|| {{fb|MLI}} || {{fbicon|MAR}} [[Neil El Aynaoui]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka D || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|BEN}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–0''' || {{fb|BOT}} || {{fbicon|BEN}} [[Yohan Roche]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|SEN}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–1''' || {{fb|COD}} || {{fbicon|SEN}} [[Sadio Mané]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka C || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|UGA}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–1''' || {{fb|TAN}} || {{fbicon|TAN}} [[Simon Msuva]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|NGA}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''3–2''' || {{fb|TUN}} || {{fbicon|NGA}} [[Ademola Lookman]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka F || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|GAB}} ||style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''2–3''' || {{fb|MOZ}} || {{fbicon|MOZ}} [[Geny Catamo]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka E || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|EQG}} ||style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''0–1''' || {{fb|SUD}} || {{fbicon|SUD}} [[Mohamed Eisa]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|ALG}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–0''' || {{fb|BFA}} || {{fbicon|ALG}} [[Ibrahim Maza]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka F || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|CIV}} ||style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–1''' || {{fb|CMR}} || {{fbicon|CIV}} [[Amad Diallo]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka B || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|ZIM}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''2–3''' || {{fb|RSA}} || {{fbicon|RSA}} [[Oswin Appollis]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|ANG}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''0–0''' || {{fb|EGY}} || {{fbicon|ANG}} [[Fredy (footballer, born 1990)|Fredy]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka A || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|COM}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''0–0''' || {{fb|MLI}} || {{fbicon|MLI}} [[Mamadou Sangare]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|ZAM}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''0–3''' || {{fb|MAR}} || {{fbicon|MAR}} [[Ayoub El Kaabi]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka C || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|TAN}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–1''' || {{fb|TUN}} || {{fbicon|TUN}} [[Ismaël Gharbi]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|UGA}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–3''' || {{fb|NGA}} || {{fbicon|NGA}} [[Raphael Onyedika]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka D || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|BOT}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''0–3''' || {{fb|COD}} || {{fbicon|COD}} [[Gaël Kakuta]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|BEN}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''0–3''' || {{fb|SEN}} || {{fbicon|SEN}} [[Abdoulaye Seck (footballer, born 1992)|Abdoulaye Seck]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka E || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|SUD}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''0–2''' || {{fb|BFA}} || {{fbicon|BFA}} [[Arsène Kouassi]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|EQG}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–3''' || {{fb|ALG}} || {{fbicon|ALG}} [[Anis Hadj Moussa]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Guruubka F || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|MOZ}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–2'''|| {{fb|CMR}} || {{fbicon|CMR}} [[Christian Kofane]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|GAB}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''2–3'''|| {{fb|CIV}} || {{fbicon|CIV}} [[Christ Inao Oulaï]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|Kulamada wareegga reer-baxa
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Wareegga 16-ka || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|SEN}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''3–1''' || {{fb|SUD}}|| {{fbicon|SEN}} [[Pape Gueye]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|MLI}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–1''' {{aet}} &lt;br /&gt; {{pso|3–2}} || {{fb|TUN}} || {{fbicon|MLI}} [[Djigui Diarra]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|MAR}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–0'''|| {{fb|TAN}} || {{fbicon|MAR}} [[Brahim Díaz]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|RSA}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–2''' || {{fb|CMR}}|| {{fbicon|CMR}} [[Carlos Baleba]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|EGY}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''3–1''' {{aet}} || {{fb|BEN}} || {{fbicon|EGY}} [[Yasser Ibrahim]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|NGA}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''4–0''' || {{fb|MOZ}}|| {{fbicon|NGA}} [[Ademola Lookman]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|ALG}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–0''' {{aet}} || {{fb|COD}} || {{fbicon|ALG}} [[Adil Boulbina]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|CIV}}|| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | '''3–0''' || {{fb|BFA}}|| {{fbicon|CIV}} [[Amad Diallo]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Rubuc-dhamaadka || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|MLI}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''0–1'''|| {{fb|SEN}} || {{fbicon|SEN}} [[Iliman Ndiaye]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|CMR}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''0–2''' || {{fb|MAR}} || {{fbicon|MAR}} [[Ismael Saibari]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|ALG}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''0–2'''|| {{fb|NGA}} || {{fbicon|NGR}} [[Victor Osimhen]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|EGY}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''3–2''' || {{fb|CIV}} || {{fbicon|EGY}} [[Mohamed Salah]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Semi-finalka || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|SEN}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''1–0''' || {{fb|EGY}} || {{fbicon|SEN}} [[Sadio Mané]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|NGA}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''0–0''' {{aet}} 
 {{pso|2–4}} || {{fb|MAR}} || {{fbicon|MAR}} [[Yassine Bounou]]
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Ciyaarta kaalinta saddexaad || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|EGY}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''v'''|| {{fb|NGA}} ||
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| Finalka || style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{fb-rt|SEN}} || style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| '''v''' || {{fb|MAR}} ||
|}
​

==Baahinta==

Hoos waxaa ku qoran liiska haystayaasha xuquuqda baahinta ee AFCON 2025:
​
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Dhulka
!Haysatada xuquuqda
!Xigashada
|-
|{{flagicon|Afghanistan}} [[Afghanistan]]
|Tolo Sport
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Algeria}} [[Algeria]]
|[[Public Establishment of Television|EPTV]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Angola}} [[Angola]]
|[[Televisão Pública de Angola|TPA]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Australia}} [[Australia]]
|[[beIN Sports (Australian TV channel)|beIN Sports]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Austria}} [[Austria]]
|[[Sportdigital]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Belgium]]
|[[Tipik (TV channel)|Tipik]], [[La Une]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Benin}} [[Benin]]
|[[Bénin TV]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Bosnia}} [[Bosnia]]
|[[Sport Klub|SportKlub]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Brazil}} [[Brazil]]
|[[Rede Bandeirantes|TV Bandeirantes]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Bulgaria]]
|[[Max Sport]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Burkina Faso}} [[Burkina Faso]]
|[[Radio Télévision du Burkina|RTB TV]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Cameroon}} [[Cameroon]]
|[[Cameroon Radio Television|CRTV Sports]], [[Canal 2 International]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Canada]]
|[[beIN Sports]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Caribbean Community}} [[Caribbean]]
|[[beIN Sports]]
|&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=A total of 180 territories to watch the Opening Match of the TotalEnergies CAF Africa Cup of Nations Morocco 2025 on Sunday |url=https://www.cafonline.com/news/a-total-of-180-territories-to-watch-the-opening-match-of-the-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025-on-sunday/ |website=cafonline.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{flagicon|Colombia}} [[Colombia]]
|[[Win Sports]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Congo}} [[Congo]]
|Tele Congo
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Congo DR}} [[Congo DR]]
|[[Radio-Télévision nationale congolaise|RTNC]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Croatia}} [[Croatia]]
|[[Sport Klub|SportKlub]]
|
|-
|{{nowrap|{{flagicon|Equatorial Guinea}} [[Equatorial Guinea]]}}
|[[TVGE]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Ethiopia}} [[Ethiopia]]
|[[Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation|ETV]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|France}} [[France]]
|[[beIN Sports (French TV channel)|beIN Sports]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Gabon}} [[Gabon]]
|[[Gabon TV]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Germany}} [[Germany]]
|[[Sportdigital]], [[DAZN]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Greece}} [[Greece]]
|[[Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation|ERT]]
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ertnews.gr |first=Συντακτική ομάδα |date=3 October 2025 |title=Πρεμιέρα για την ΕΡΤ2 ΣΠΟΡ το Σάββατο 4 Οκτωβρίου 2025 – Η καρδιά του αθλητισμού χτυπά στο νέο κανάλι της ΕΡΤ, κάθε μέρα δυνατά |url=https://www.ertnews.gr/ert-protaseis/premiera-gia-tin-ert2-spor-to-savvato-4-oktovriou-2025-i-kardia-tou-athlitismou-xtypa-sto-neo-kanali-tis-ert-kathe-mera-dynata/ |access-date=15 December 2025 |website=ertnews.gr |language=el}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{flagicon|Guinea}} [[Guinea]]
|[[Radio Télévision Guinéenne|RTG]]
|
|-
|[[Hispanic America]]
|[[Claro Sports]]
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=La Copa Africana de Nations 2025, en vivo por Claro Sports|url=https://www.clarosports.com/futbol/la-copa-africana-de-naciones-2025-en-vivo-por-claro-sports/|website=clarosports.com|date=19 December 2025 |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{HKG}}
|[[beIN Sports]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|India}} [[India]]
|[[FanCode]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Iran}} [[Iran]]
|[[IRIB Varzesh]], Persiana Sports, GEM Sport
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Iraq}} [[Iraq]]
|[[Al Rabiaa]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Ireland}} [[Ireland]]
|[[Channel 4]]
|*(inta badan kulamada waxay ku jiraan channel 4seven, kaas oo aan si weyn looga helin Ireland)
|-
|{{flagicon|Israel}} [[Israel]]
|[[Sports Channel (Israel) |Sport 5]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Italy]]
|[[Sportitalia]], [[Solo Calcio]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Ivory Coast }} [[Ivory Coast]]
|[[Radiodiffusion Television Ivoirienne|RTI]], [[Canal+ Afrique]], [[NCI (TV channel)|NCI]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Japan]]
|[[DAZN]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Kazakhstan}} [[Kazakhstan]]
| [[Megogo]], Sport+Qazaqstan
|&lt;ref name=&quot;tips_afcon&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=How to Watch AFCON 2025: Broadcasting Rights Explained |url=https://tips.gg/article/how-to-watch-afcon-2025-broadcasting-rights-explained-event/ |website=tips.gg |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{flagicon|Mali}} [[Mali]]
|[[Office de Radiodiffusion-Télévision du Mali|ORTM]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|MENA}} [[MENA]]
|[[beIN Sports (Middle East TV channel)|beIN Sports]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Mexico]]
|[[Fox (Mexico)|Fox]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Montenegro}} [[Montenegro]]
|[[Sport Klub|SportKlub]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Morocco}} [[Morocco]]
|[[SNRT]]
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.lopinion.ma/CAN-Maroc-2025-Les-chaines-detentrices-des-droits-de-diffusion-devoilees_a73199.html|title=CAN Maroc 2025 : Les chaînes détentrices des droits de diffusion dévoilées|first=Ab|last=KITABRI|website=L'Opinion Maroc - Actualité et Infos au Maroc et dans le monde.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{flagicon|Mozambique}} [[Mozambique]]
|[[Televisão Miramar|TV Miramar]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Netherlands]]
|[[Ziggo Sport]]
|
|-
|{{NZL}}
|[[BeIN Sports (Australian TV channel)|beIN Sports]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|NGA}} [[Nigeria]]
|[[Broadcasting Organisation of Nigeria|BON]], [[Nigerian Television Authority|NTA]], [[StarTimes]], Afrosport
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web| url = https://thenationonlineng.net/afrosport-secures-free-to-air-rights-for-afcon-2025/| title = AfroSport secures free-to-air rights for AFCON 2025| date = 28 November 2025| accessdate = 30 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{flagicon|Norway}} [[Norway]]
|[[Verdens Gang#VGTV|VGTV]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Poland}} [[Poland]]
| [[Megogo]]
|&lt;ref name=&quot;tips_afcon&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{flagicon|Portugal}} [[Portugal]]
|[[Sport TV]]
|&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{flagicon|Russia}} [[Russia]]
|Ökko
|&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{flagicon|Senegal}} [[Senegal]]
|[[Radiodiffusion Télévision Sénégalaise|RTS]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Serbia}} [[Serbia]]
|[[Arena Sport]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Slovenia}} [[Slovenia]]
|[[Sport Klub|SportKlub]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|South Africa}} [[South Africa]]
|[[SABC Sport]]
|
|-
|[[Southeast Asia]]
|[[beIN Sports]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[South Korea]]
|STN Sports
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title='아프리카 최강을 가린다!' 2025 네이션스컵, 22일 개막...STN∙네이버 치지직 생중계|url=https://www.stnsports.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=309870|website=stnsports.co.kr|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Spain]]
|[[Movistar]]
|
|-
|{{nowrap|Sub-Saharan Africa}}
|[[SuperSport (South African broadcaster)|SuperSport]]
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=CAF and SuperSport announce broadcast rights partnership for TotalEnergies CAF Africa Cup of Nations Morocco 2025™ |url=https://www.cafonline.com/inside-caf/news/caf-and-supersport-announce-broadcast-rights-partnership-for-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CAF and SuperSport announce broadcast rights partnership for TotalEnergies CAF Africa Cup of Nations Morocco 2025™ |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{flagicon|Switzerland}} [[Switzerland]]
|[[Sportdigital]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Tanzania}} [[Tanzania]]
|[[Azam TV|Azam Sports]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Togo}} [[Togo]]
|TVT Internacional
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Turkey]]
|[[Exxen]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Ukraine]]
|[[Megogo]]
|&lt;ref name=&quot;tips_afcon&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{flagicon|Uganda}} [[Uganda]]
|[[Uganda Broadcasting Corporation|UBC]], STAR TV
|
|-
|{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[United Kingdom]]
|[[Channel 4]]
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=CAF and Channel 4 agree historic deal that will see all 52 TotalEnergies CAF African Cup of Nations Morocco 2025 matches available on Free-to-Air in the UK|url=https://www.cafonline.com/inside-caf/news/caf-and-channel-4-agree-historic-deal-that-will-see-all-52-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025-matches-available-on-free-to-air-in-the-uk|date=3 December 2025|publisher=Confederation of African Football|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{flagicon|USA}} [[United States]]
|[[beIN Sports (American TV channel)|beIN Sports]], [[FuboTV|Fubo TV]], [[Fanatiz]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Zambia}} [[Zambia]]
|[[Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation|ZNBC]]
|
|-
|{{flagicon|Zimbabwe}} [[Zimbabwe]]
|[[Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation|ZBC]]
|
|}

​

==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}
​
==Xiriirinta dibadda==

*{{official website|https://www.cafonline.com/caf-africa-cup-of-nations/}}

​{{DEFAULTSORT:Africa Cup Of Nations}}</text>
      <sha1>lg0h5aeg9pu5x2zb6xkom18zfw0m8wf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Nandar Iskandar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>47112</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311965</id>
      <parentid>294555</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-08T01:27:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311965</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3500" sha1="1iioeu64m2vvp4bmr17t0anw15s9tve" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox football biography
|name           = Nandar Iskandar
|image          =
|full_name      =
|birth_date     = {{birth date and age|1950|6|3|df=yes}}
|birth_place    = [[Indonesia]]
|height         =
|position       =
|currentclub    =
|youthyears1    =
|youthclubs1    =
|clubs1         = [[Persib Bandung]]
|caps1          =
|goals1         =
|manageryears1  =
|managerclubs1  = [[Persib Bandung]]
|manageryears2  = 1999–2000
|managerclubs2  = [[Indonesia national football team|Indonesia]]
|manageryears3  = 2000–2001
|managerclubs3  = [[Bontang F.C.|Bontang FC]]
|manageryears4  = 2001–2002
|managerclubs4  = [[Perseden Denpasar]]
|manageryears5  = 2002–2003
|managerclubs5  = [[PSPS Pekanbaru]]
|manageryears6  = 2007–2011
|managerclubs6  = [[Persiba Bantul]]
|manageryears7  = 2011
|managerclubs7  = [[Bandung F.C.|Bandung FC]]
}}
​'''Nandar Iskandar''' (dhashay 3 Juun 1950) waa macallin kubbadda cagta iyo ciyaaryahan hore oo Indonesian ah, kaasoo ugu dambeyntii maamulay kooxda [[Bandung F.C.|Bandung FC]].
​
==Xirfadda ciyaartoynimo==
​
Iskandar wuxuu u ciyaaray kooxda Indonesian-ka ah ee [[Persib Bandung]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://paserbumi.com/2008/02/20/nandar-iskandar-dari-mbandung-ke-mbantul/|title=
Nandar Iskandar, Dari Mbandung ke Mbantul|publisher=paserbumi.com (Archived)|archive-url=
https://web.archive.org/web/20080423173734/http://paserbumi.com/2008/02/20/nandar-iskandar-dari-mbandung-ke-mbantul/|archive-date=
2008-04-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.kompasiana.com/khairulfathurrahman1120/62611c233794d153901fb9e3/mengenal-pelatih-nandar-iskandar|title=Mengenal Pelatih Nandar Iskandar|date=21 April 2022|publisher=kompasiana.com|access-date=13 June 2023|archive-date=13 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613035742/https://www.kompasiana.com/khairulfathurrahman1120/62611c233794d153901fb9e3/mengenal-pelatih-nandar-iskandar|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://bulao.id/2020/01/06/nandar-iskandar-anak-pemain-persib-dekade-1950-an/|title=Nandar Iskandar, Anak Pemain Persib Dekade 1950-an|date=6 January 2020|publisher=bulao.id|access-date=13 June 2023|archive-date=13 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613035742/https://bulao.id/2020/01/06/nandar-iskandar-anak-pemain-persib-dekade-1950-an/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://persib.co.id/berita/cerita-juara-nandar-iskandar-yang-pantang-menyerah|title=NANDAR ISKANDAR YANG PANTANG MENYERAH|access-date=13 June 2023|archive-date=13 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613035745/https://persib.co.id/berita/cerita-juara-nandar-iskandar-yang-pantang-menyerah|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
==Xirfadda macallinnimo==

​Iskandar wuxuu maamulay kooxda Indonesian-ka ah ee [[Persib Bandung]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/olahraga/20170810180300-142-233835/menerka-kans-kembalinya-eks-pelatih-lokal-persib|title=Nandar Iskandar - CNN Indonesia article}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.infobdg.com/v2/juru-taktik-maung-bandung-dari-musim-ke-musim/|title=Nandar Iskandar - Info Bdg article|access-date=13 June 2023|archive-date=13 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613035743/https://www.infobdg.com/v2/juru-taktik-maung-bandung-dari-musim-ke-musim/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://investor.id/sport/2220/19-pelatih-tangani-klub-klub-lpi|title=Nandar Iskandar article}}&lt;/ref&gt;
​
==Tixraac==

{{reflist}}
​{{DEFAULTSORT:Iskandar, Nandar}}</text>
      <sha1>1iioeu64m2vvp4bmr17t0anw15s9tve</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Friedrich Donenfeld</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>47172</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311872</id>
      <parentid>296611</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T23:02:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311872</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5681" sha1="030xtfwurm4cuopaiwozn7pg4z11bq0" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox football biography
| name = Friedrich Donenfeld
| image = Friedrich Donnenfeld (1966).jpg
| upright = 1.1
| caption = Donenfeld sanadkii 1966
| full_name =
| birth_date  = {{birth date|df=yes|1912|1|17}}
| birth_place = [[Vienna]], [[Awstariya-Hungari]]
| death_date  = {{death date and age|df=yes|1976|3|20|1912|1|17}}
| death_place = [[Utrecht]], Netherlands
| position = [[Weerar (kubbadda cagta)|Weerar]]
| youthyears1 =
| youthclubs1 =
| years1 = 1927–1930
| clubs1 = [[Thalia Wien]]
| caps1  =
| goals1 =
| years2 = 1930–1936
| clubs2 = [[Hakoah Vienna]]
| caps2  =
| goals2 =
| years3 = 1936–1937
| clubs3 = [[Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C.|Maccabi Tel Aviv]]
| caps3  =
| goals3 =
| years4 = 1937–1938
| clubs4 = [[Olympique de Marseille|Marseille]]
| caps4  = 9
| goals4 = 1
| years5 = 1939–1941
| clubs5 = [[Olympique de Marseille|Marseille]]
| caps5  = 9
| goals5 = 5
| years6 = 1942–1943
| clubs6 = [[Olympique de Marseille|Marseille]]
| caps6  = 17
| goals6 = 3
| years7 = 1944–1946
| clubs7 = [[Red Star F.C.|Red Star]]
| caps7  =
| goals7 =
| nationalyears1 = 1934
| nationalteam1  = [[Xulka kubbadda cagta Awstariya|Awstariya]]
| nationalcaps1  = 1
| nationalgoals1 = 0
| manageryears1  = 1949
| managerclubs1  = [[Xulka kubbadda cagta Kolombiya|Kolombiya]]
| manageryears2  = 1949
| managerclubs2  = [[Deportivo Barranquilla]]
| manageryears3  = 1951–1953
| managerclubs3  = [[Atlético Junior|Junior]]
| manageryears4  = 1953–1955
| managerclubs4  = [[XerxesDZB]]
| manageryears5  = 1955
| managerclubs5  = [[ADO Den Haag]]
| manageryears6  = 1955
| managerclubs6  = [[Xulka kubbadda cagta Holland|Holland]]
| manageryears7  = 1956–1957
| managerclubs7  = [[Xulka kubbadda cagta Holland|Holland]]
| manageryears8  = 1958–1959
| managerclubs8  = [[Enschedese Boys]]
| manageryears9  = 1959–1961
| managerclubs9  = [[Fortuna Sittard]]
| manageryears10 = 1961–1962
| managerclubs10 = [[DHC Delft]]
| manageryears11 = 1962–1965
| managerclubs11 = [[Sportclub Enschede]]
| manageryears12 = 1965–1966
| managerclubs12 = [[FC Twente]]
| manageryears13 = 1966–1968
| managerclubs13 = [[MVV Maastricht|MVV]]
| manageryears14 = 1968–1969
| managerclubs14 = [[VV DOS]]
| manageryears15 = 1974–1975
| managerclubs15 = [[PEC Zwolle]]
}}
'''Friedrich Donenfeld&lt;ref&gt;[https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/0000236516 Staten-Generaal NL, 1969]&lt;/ref&gt;''' (17 Janaayo 1912 – 20 Maarso 1976) wuxuu ahaa ciyaaryahan iyo maamule [[kubbadda cagta]] oo xirfadle Awstariyaan ah.
​

Wuxuu u ciyaaray kooxaha [[Thalia Wien]], [[Hakoah Vienna]], [[Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C.|Maccabi Tel Aviv]], [[Olympique de Marseille|Marseille]] iyo [[Red Star F.C.|Red Star]].
​Wuxuu soo tababaray [[Xulka kubbadda cagta Kolombiya|xulka qaranka Kolombiya]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesc/colurures.html |title=Colombia - Uruguay matches |publisher=Rsssf.com |access-date=6 January 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Atlético Junior]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://atletico-junior.blogspot.com/2006/04/junior-san-lorenzo-de-almagro-1951.html |title=Atlético Junior |website=atletico-junior.blogspot.com |access-date=2 February 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120630232152/http://atletico-junior.blogspot.com/2006/04/junior-san-lorenzo-de-almagro-1951.html |archive-date=30 June 2012 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20081218005006/http://www.fuerzatiburona.com/dts.html ]}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Xulka kubbadda cagta Holland|xulka qaranka Holland]], [[Fortuna Sittard]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.trompettersittardgeleen.nl/roller/page/waereldsjtadvoetbal?entry=fortuna_54_zo_n_club |title=Koos Snijders Fort 54/Maurits/Geleen Z |access-date=6 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090528140415/http://www.trompettersittardgeleen.nl/roller/page/waereldsjtadvoetbal?entry=fortuna_54_zo_n_club |archive-date=28 May 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[XerxesDZB|DHC]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.dhc-delft.nl/Oude%20doos.htm |title=DHC - De oude doos |publisher=Dhc-delft.nl |access-date=6 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106021314/http://www.dhc-delft.nl/Oude%20doos.htm |archive-date=6 January 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Enschedese Boys]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://kranten.kb.nl/view/article/id/ddd%3A010889779%3Ampeg21%3Ap010%3Aa0225 |title=Historische Kranten - actualiteiten uit het verleden |publisher=Kranten.kb.nl |date=19 June 1962 |access-date=6 January 2013 }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[VV DOS]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://kranten.kb.nl/view/article/id/ddd%3A011197562%3Ampeg21%3Ap031%3Aa0460 |title=Historische Kranten - actualiteiten uit het verleden |publisher=Kranten.kb.nl |access-date=6 January 2013 }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[FC Twente|Twente]], [[MVV Maastricht|MVV]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.archiefleeuwardercourant.nl/vw/article.do?id=NVHN-19680327-AE0006008&amp;vw=org&amp;lm=mvv%2Ctrainer |title=Donenfeld en Van der Hart nemen ontslaq - NDC |3=VBK - De Krant van Toen |publisher=Archiefleeuwardercourant.nl |access-date=6 January 2013 |archive-date=27 Bisha Koobaad 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127003557/http://www.archiefleeuwardercourant.nl/vw/article.do?id=NVHN-19680327-AE0006008&amp;vw=org&amp;lm=mvv%2Ctrainer |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo [[PEC Zwolle]], iyo kuwo kale.
​

== Tixraac==

{{Reflist}}
​
== Xiriirinta dibadda ==
​[https://web.archive.org/web/20081120031450/http://www.om1899.com//joueurs/dossierjoueur/donendelffriedrich.htm Profile] – om1899
​{{DEFAULTSORT:Donnenfeld, Friedrich}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Aïssa Mandi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>47426</id>
    <revision>
      <id>311822</id>
      <parentid>297495</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-07T22:06:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7)</comment>
      <origin>311822</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="19944" sha1="phvhgs0z7lvu18wak7kz7kusagcka3c" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox football biography
|name = Aïssa Mandi
|image = Mandi asselosc 2425 (cropped).jpg
|image_size = 
|caption = Mandi iyo kooxda [[Lille OSC|Lille]] sanadkii 2024
|full_name = Aïssa Mandi&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.fifadata.com/document/fwc/2014/pdf/fwc_2014_squadlists.pdf |title=2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil: List of players: Algeria |publisher=FIFA |page=1 |date=14 July 2014 |access-date=11 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404045541/https://www.fifadata.com/document/fwc/2014/pdf/fwc_2014_squadlists.pdf |archive-date=4 April 2019 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1991|10|22|df=y}}
|birth_place = [[Châlons-en-Champagne]], Faransiiska
|height = 1.84 m&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.realbetisbalompie.es/primer-equipo/jugador/a-mandi-98126 |title=Betis profile |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-date=16 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416100535/https://www.realbetisbalompie.es/primer-equipo/jugador/a-mandi-98126 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|position = [[Difaaca dhexe]]
|currentclub = [[Lille OSC|Lille]]
|clubnumber = 2
|youthyears1 = 2000–2009
|youthclubs1 = [[Stade de Reims|Reims]]
|years1 = 2009–2016
|clubs1 = [[Stade de Reims|Reims]]
|caps1 = 161
|goals1 = 14
|years2 = 2016–2021
|clubs2 = [[Real Betis]]
|caps2 = 152
|goals2 = 7
|years3 = 2021–2024
|clubs3 = [[Villarreal CF|Villarreal]]
|caps3 = 54
|goals3 = 2
|years4 = 2024–
|clubs4 = [[Lille OSC|Lille]]
|caps4 = 47
|goals4 = 1
|nationalyears1 = 2014–
|nationalteam1 = [[Algeria national football team|Aljeeriya]]
|nationalcaps1 = 116
|nationalgoals1 = 7
|medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Ragga [[kubbadda cagta]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{fb|ALG}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Koobka Qaramada Afrika]]}}
{{Medal|W|[[2019 Africa Cup of Nations|2019 Masar]]|}}
|pcupdate = 4 Abriil 2026
|ntupdate = 31 Maarso 2026
}}

'''Aïssa Mandi''' ({{langx|ar|عيسى ماندي}}; dhashay 22 Oktoobar 1991) waa [[kubbadda cagta|ciyaaryahan]] xirfadle ah oo u ciyaara kooxda [[Ligue 1]] ee [[Lille OSC|Lille]]. Isagoo ku dhashay Faransiiska, wuxuu u ciyaaraa [[Xulka qaranka kubbadda cagta Aljeeriya|xulka qaranka Aljeeriya]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://sevilla.eldesmarque.com/real-betis/83443-asi-juega-aissa-mandi Así juega Aïssa Mandi] {{Wayback|url=http://sevilla.eldesmarque.com/real-betis/83443-asi-juega-aissa-mandi |date=20161105211408 }}‚ sevilla.eldesmarque.com, 29 June 2016&lt;/ref&gt; Inta badan waa [[difaaca dhexe]], laakiin wuxuu sidoo kale u ciyaari karaa [[difaaca midig]].

Mandi wuxuu saftay kulankiisii ugu horreeyay ee caalami ah ee Aljeeriya bishii Maarso 2014, tan iyo markaas wuxuu saftay 115 kulan, isagoo noqday ciyaaryahanka ugu safashada badan taariikhda Aljeeriya. Wuxuu xubin ka ahaa xulkii Aljeeriya ee [[Koobka Adduunka 2014]] ee Brazil, iyo sidoo kale [[Koobka Qaramada Afrika]] ee sanadihii [[2015 Africa Cup of Nations|2015]], [[2017 Africa Cup of Nations|2017]], [[2019 Africa Cup of Nations|2019]], [[2021 Africa Cup of Nations|2021]], [[2023 Africa Cup of Nations|2023]] iyo [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations|2025]], isagoo ku guuleystay tartankii 2019.

==Shaqada kooxda==
===Reims===
Mandi wuxuu bilaabay inuu kubbadda cagta ku ciyaaro da'da 8 jir isagoo jooga [[Stade de Reims|Reims]]. 20-kii Agoosto 2010, wuxuu saftay kulankiisii ugu horreeyay ee xirfadnimo isagoo ku soo bilaabay kooxda ciyaar [[Ligue 2]] ah oo ay la lahaayeen [[Le Havre AC|Le Havre]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.lfp.fr/ligue2/feuille_match/54049 |title=LFP.fr - Ligue de Football Professionnel - Ligue 2 - Saison 2010/2011 - 4ème journée - Havre AC / Stade de Reims |access-date=11 August 2011 |archive-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305041155/http://www.lfp.fr/ligue2/feuille_match/54049 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Intii lagu jiray [[2011–12 Ligue 2|xilli ciyaareedkii 2011–12]], Mandi wuxuu saftay 26 kulan iyadoo Reims ay kor ugu soo kacday Ligue 1.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.ligue2.fr/joueur?id=aissa-mandi|title=Aissa Mandi|access-date=13 January 2024|website=Ligue 2|archive-date=13 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113051912/https://www.ligue2.fr/joueur?id=aissa-mandi|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

5-tii Abriil 2014, Mandi wuxuu laba gool iska dhaliyay ciyaar ay la lahaayeen [[Paris Saint-Germain F.C.|Paris Saint-Germain]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Paris St-Germain 3-0 Reims|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/26886003|access-date=26 June 2016|work=BBC Sport|date=5 April 2014|archive-date=10 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910123615/http://www.bbc.com/sport/football/26886003|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Real Betis===
30-kii Juun 2016, Mandi wuxuu heshiis shan sano ah la saxiixday kooxda [[La Liga]] ee [[Real Betis]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://realbetisbalompie.es/en/noticias/last-news/7083/el-real-betis-ficha-aissa-mandi-para-las-proximas-|title=Real Betis signs Aïssa Mandi for the next five seasons|publisher=Real Betis|date=30 June 2016|access-date=1 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817090853/http://realbetisbalompie.es/en/noticias/last-news/7083/el-real-betis-ficha-aissa-mandi-para-las-proximas-|archive-date=17 August 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Villarreal===
16-kii Juun 2021, Mandi wuxuu qandaraas afar sano ah la saxiixday kooxda kale ee La Liga ee [[Villarreal CF|Villarreal]], ka dib markii uu dhacay qandaraaskiisii Betis.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://villarrealcf.es/en/news/item/30942-welcome-aissa-mandi|title=Welcome, Aïssa Mandi!|publisher=Villarreal CF|date=16 June 2021|accessdate=31 July 2021|archive-date=2 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221002164749/https://villarrealcf.es/en/news/item/30942-welcome-aissa-mandi|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

11-kii Agoosto 2021, Mandi wuxuu saftay kulankiisii ugu horreeyay ee Villarreal isagoo ka hor yimid [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] tartanka [[2021 UEFA Super Cup]], halkaas oo uu ka lumiyay rigoore markii lagu jiray rigoore ku mastaafurinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=12 August 2021|title=UEFA Super Cup: Chelsea add Super Cup crown to Champions League trophy|url=https://zeenews.india.com/football/uefa-super-cup-chelsea-add-super-cup-crown-to-champions-league-trophy-2384077.html|access-date=30 August 2021|website=Zee News|language=en|archive-date=30 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210830041110/https://zeenews.india.com/football/uefa-super-cup-chelsea-add-super-cup-crown-to-champions-league-trophy-2384077.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Lille===
1-dii Agoosto 2024, Mandi wuxuu ku laabtay Faransiiska, isagoo laba sano u saxiixay kooxda [[Lille OSC|Lille]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.losc.fr/actualites/2024-08-01/arrivee-aissa-mandi|title=L'expérience en défense: Aïssa Mandi est un Dogue!|date=1 August 2024|access-date=1 August 2024|publisher=Lille OSC|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Shaqada caalamiga ah==
In kasta oo uu u ciyaari karay [[Xulka qaranka kubbadda cagta Faransiiska|Faransiiska]], Mandi wuxuu go'aansaday inuu u ciyaaro [[Xulka qaranka kubbadda cagta Aljeeriya|Aljeeriya]] wuxuuna u saftay markii ugu horreysay 5-tii Maarso 2014 guul 2-0 ah oo ay ka gaareen [[Xulka qaranka kubbadda cagta Isloofiniya|Isloofiniya]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2014/03/05/world/friendlies/algeria/slovenia/1625790/|title=Algeria vs. Slovenia|website=soccerway.com|publisher=Perform Group|date=5 March 2014|access-date=9 May 2020|archive-date=3 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203044720/https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2014/03/05/world/friendlies/algeria/slovenia/1625790/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah xiddigaha soo baxay ee xulka Aljeeriya intii lagu jiray [[Koobka Adduunka 2014]] ee Brazil.

Mandi wuxuu goolkiisii ugu horreeyay u dhaliyay Aljeeriya ciyaar barbaro 3-3 ah ay la galeen [[Xulka qaranka kubbadda cagta Itoobiya|Itoobiya]] intii lagu jiray [[2017 Africa Cup of Nations qualification Group J|isreeb-reebka]] [[Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2017]] ee [[Gabon]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35918933|title=Afcon 2017: Ethiopia stop Algeria from qualifying|website=BBC Sport|date=29 March 2016|access-date=9 May 2020|archive-date=10 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610100402/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35918933|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Diseembar 2023, waxaa loogu yeeray xulka Aljeeriya ee [[Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2023]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.algerie-focus.com/can-2024-lalgerie-devoile-sa-liste-officielle-qui-sont-les-fennecs-prets-a-conquerir-lafrique/|title=CAN 2024 : L'Algérie Dévoile sa Liste Officielle – Qui Sont les Fennecs Prêts à Conquérir l'Afrique ?|language=French|date=30 December 2023|access-date=12 January 2024|publisher=Algérie-Focus|archive-date=12 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240112153617/https://www.algerie-focus.com/can-2024-lalgerie-devoile-sa-liste-officielle-qui-sont-les-fennecs-prets-a-conquerir-lafrique/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 10-kii Oktoobar 2024, wuxuu saftay kulankiisii 100-aad ee caalami ah guul 5-1 ah ay ka gaareen [[Xulka qaranka kubbadda cagta Toogo|Toogo]] intii lagu jiray isreeb-reebka AFCON 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://onefootball.com/de/news/le-sans-faute-se-poursuit-pour-la-100e-daissa-mandi-losc-avec-lalgerie-40155204 |title=Le sans-faute se poursuit pour la 100e d'Aïssa Mandi (LOSC) avec l'Algérie |publisher=OneFootball |language=fr |date=11 October 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

6-dii Jannaayo 2026, intii lagu jiray tartanka [[Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025|AFCON]], Mandi iyo [[Riyad Mahrez]] waxay safteen kulankoodii 23-aad ee AFCON ee Aljeeriya, iyagoo jabiyay rikoorkii 34-ka sano ahaa ee [[Rabah Madjer]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://foot-africa.com/en/news/mahrez-and-mandi-break-rabah-madjers-record-at-afcon-1033034/|title=Mahrez and Mandi break Rabah Madjer's record at AFCON|last=Rek|first=Mohamed|date=7 January 2026|website=Foot Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Nolosha gaarka ah==
Mandi wuxuu ku dhashay magaalada [[Châlons-en-Champagne]] ee waqooyiga Faransiiska, waalidkiis waxay ka soo jeedaan [[Aljeeriya]], gaar ahaan magaalada [[Chlef]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.dzfoot.com/joueur.php?joueur_id=2099&amp;saison_id=17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915234948/http://www.dzfoot.com/joueur.php?joueur_id=2099&amp;saison_id=17|url-status=dead|title=MANDI Aissa|archivedate=15 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.lebuteur.com/en/actualites/mandi-je-veux-jouer-pour-lequipe-dalgerie |title=Mandi: &quot;Je veux jouer pour l'équipe d'Algérie&quot; |date=2 April 2012 |access-date=12 August 2012 |language=fr |publisher=Le Buteur |author=Youcef K |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120711160434/http://www.lebuteur.com/en/actualites/mandi-je-veux-jouer-pour-lequipe-dalgerie |archive-date=11 July 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tirokoobka shaqada==
=== Kooxda ===
{{updated|ciyaartii la ciyaaray 4 Abriil 2026}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+ Safashada iyo goolasha kooxda, xilli ciyaareedka iyo tartanka
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Kooxda
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Xilli ciyaareedka
!colspan=&quot;3&quot;|Horyaalka
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Koobka qaranka{{efn|Wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[Coupe de France]], [[Copa del Rey]]}}
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Koobka horyaalka{{efn|Wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[Coupe de la Ligue]]}}
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Yurub
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Kale
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Warta guud
|-
!Heerka!!Apps!!Gools!!Apps!!Gools!!Apps!!Gools!!Apps!!Gools!!Apps!!Gools!!Apps!!Gools
|-
|rowspan=&quot;8&quot;|[[Stade de Reims|Reims]]
|[[2009–10 Championnat National|2009–10]]
|[[Championnat National]]
|1||0||0||0||0||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||1||0
|-
|[[2010–11 Ligue 2|2010–11]]
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Ligue 2
|8||0||1||0||1||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||10||0
|-
|[[2011–12 Ligue 2|2011–12]]
|26||1||0||0||1||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||27||1
|-
|[[2012–13 Ligue 1|2012–13]]
|rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|[[Ligue 1]]
|29||2||1||0||0||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||30||2
|-
|[[2013–14 Ligue 1|2013–14]]
|33||0||1||0||2||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||36||0
|-
|[[2014–15 Stade de Reims season|2014–15]]
|32||6||0||0||1||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||33||6
|-
|[[2015–16 Stade de Reims season|2015–16]]
|32||5||1||0||0||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||33||5
|-
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Warta guud
!161!!14!!4!!0!!5!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!170!!14
|-
|rowspan=&quot;6&quot;|[[Real Betis]]
|[[2016–17 Real Betis season|2016–17]]
|rowspan=&quot;5&quot;|[[La Liga]]
|26||2||2||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||28||2
|-
|[[2017–18 Real Betis season|2017–18]]
|34||1||1||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||35||1
|-
|[[2018–19 Real Betis season|2018–19]]
|35||1||7||1||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||6{{efn|Safashada [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=UEL}}||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||48||2
|-
|[[2019–20 Real Betis season|2019–20]]
|29||0||1||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||30||0
|-
|[[2020–21 Real Betis season|2020–21]]
|28||3||4||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||32||3
|-
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Warta guud
!152!!7!!15!!1!!0!!0!!6!!0!!0!!0!!173!!8
|-
|rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|[[Villarreal CF|Villarreal]]
|[[2021–22 Villarreal CF season|2021–22]]
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|La Liga
|17||1||2||1||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||2{{efn|Safashada [[UEFA Champions League]]|name=UCL}}||0||1{{efn|Safashada [[UEFA Super Cup]]}}||0||22||2
|-
|[[2022–23 Villarreal CF season|2022–23]]
|21||0||4||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||10{{efn|Safashada [[UEFA Europa Conference League]]}}||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||35||0
|-
|[[2023–24 Villarreal CF season|2023–24]]
|16||1||1||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||5{{efn|name=UEL}}||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||22||1
|-
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Warta guud
!54!!2!!7!!1!!0!!0!!17!!0!!1!!0!!79!!3
|-
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|[[Lille OSC|Lille]]
|[[2024–25 Lille OSC season|2024–25]]
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Ligue 1
|24||0||1||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||6{{efn|name=UCL}}||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||31||0
|-
|[[2025–26 Lille OSC season|2025–26]]
|23||1||0||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||11{{efn|name=UEL}}||0||colspan=&quot;2&quot;|—||34||1
|-
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Warta guud
!47!!1!!1!!0!!0!!0!!17!!0!!0!!0!!65!!1
|-
!colspan=&quot;3&quot;|Warta guud ee shaqada
!414!!24!!27!!1!!5!!0!!40!!0!!1!!0!!487!!26
|}
{{notelist}}

===Caalami===
{{updated|ciyaartii la ciyaaray 31 Maarso 2026}}&lt;ref name=&quot;nft&quot;&gt;{{NFT|54728}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+ Safashada iyo goolasha xulka qaranka iyo sanadka
!Xulka qaranka!!Sanadka!!Apps!!Gools
|-
|rowspan=&quot;13&quot;|[[Algeria national football team|Aljeeriya]]
|2014||10||0
|-
|2015||11||0
|-
|2016||4||1
|-
|2017||11||0
|-
|2018||6||0
|-
|2019||13||0
|-
|2020||4||0
|-
|2021||9||2
|-
|2022||12||1
|-
|2023||8||0
|-
|2024||14||2
|-
|2025||12||1
|-
|2026||3||0
|-
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Warta guud!!116!!7
|}
 
:''Dhibcaha iyo natiijooyinka waxay marka hore muujinayaan goolasha Aljeeriya, tiirka dhibcuhu wuxuu muujinayaa dhibcaha ka dib gool kasta oo Mandi ah.''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/aissa-mandi/100878/|title=A. Mandi|website=Soccerway|access-date=6 December 2016|archive-date=27 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127161751/http://int.soccerway.com/players/aissa-mandi/100878/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+ Liiska goolasha caalamiga ah ee uu dhaliyay Aïssa Mandi
!scope=&quot;col&quot;|Lr.
!scope=&quot;col&quot;|Taariikhda
!scope=&quot;col&quot;|Garoonka
!scope=&quot;col&quot;|Kooxda ka hor timid
!scope=&quot;col&quot;|Dhibcaha
!scope=&quot;col&quot;|Natiijada
!scope=&quot;col&quot;|Tartanka
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;|1 || 29 Maarso 2016 || [[Garoonka Addis Ababa]], [[Addis Ababa]], Itoobiya || {{fb|ETH}} || align=&quot;center&quot;|2–2 || align=&quot;center&quot;|3–3 || [[2017 Africa Cup of Nations qualification Group J|Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2017]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;|2 || 29 Maarso 2021 || [[Garoonka Mustapha Tchaker]], [[Blida]], Aljeeriya || {{fb|BOT}} || align=&quot;center&quot;|1–0 || align=&quot;center&quot;|5–0 || [[2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification Group H|Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2021]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;|3 || 12 Oktoobar 2021 || [[Stade Général Seyni Kountché]], [[Niamey]], Nayjer || {{fb|NIG}} || align=&quot;center&quot;|2–0 || align=&quot;center&quot;|4–0 || [[2022 FIFA World Cup qualification – CAF second round|Isreeb-reebka Koobka Adduunka 2022]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;|4 || 4 Juun 2022 || [[Garoonka 5 Luulyo]], [[Algiers]], Aljeeriya || {{fb|UGA}} || align=&quot;center&quot;|1–0 || align=&quot;center&quot;|2–0 || [[2023 Africa Cup of Nations qualification Group F|Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2023]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;|5 || 22 Maarso 2024 || [[Garoonka Nelson Mandela]], Algiers, Aljeeriya || {{fb|BOL}} || align=&quot;center&quot;|3–2 || align=&quot;center&quot;|3–2 || [[2024 FIFA Series]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;|6 || 17 Nofeembar 2024 || [[Garoonka Hocine Aït Ahmed]], [[Tizi Ouzou]], Aljeeriya || {{fb|LBR}} || align=&quot;center&quot;|1–1 || align=&quot;center&quot;|5–1 || [[2025 Africa Cup of Nations qualification Group E|Isreeb-reebka Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;|7 || 25 Maarso 2025 || Garoonka Hocine Aït Ahmed, Tizi Ouzou, Aljeeriya || {{fb|MOZ}} || align=&quot;center&quot;|2–0 || align=&quot;center&quot;|5–1 || [[2026 FIFA World Cup qualification – CAF Group G|Isreeb-reebka Koobka Adduunka 2026]]
|}

==Sharaf==
'''Aljeeriya'''
* [[Koobka Qaramada Afrika]]: [[2019 Africa Cup of Nations|2019]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/live/football/49048899|title=Algeria hold on against Senegal to win Afcon|website=BBC Sport|date=19 July 2019|access-date=19 July 2019|archive-date=8 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208081027/https://www.bbc.com/sport/live/football/49048899|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sidoo kale eeg ==
* [[Liiska ciyaartoyda kubbadda cagta ee saftay 100 kulan ama ka badan]]

==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
{{Commons category}}
*[https://villarrealcf.es/en/player/mandi/ Aïssa Mandi] {{Wayback|url=https://villarrealcf.es/en/player/mandi/ |date=20260429200901 }} bogga Villarreal CF
* {{BDFutbol|82607}}
* {{UEFA player}}


{{Navboxes
| title = Xulalka Aljeeriya
| bg = white
| fg = #009921
| bordercolor = #009921
| list1 = 
{{Algeria squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}}
{{Algeria squad 2015 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Algeria squad 2017 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Algeria squad 2019 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Algeria squad 2021 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Algeria squad 2023 Africa Cup of Nations}}
{{Algeria squad 2025 Africa Cup of Nations}}
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mandi, Aissa}}
[[Category:Dhalashada 1991]]
[[Category:Dadka nool]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda ka timid Châlons-en-Champagne]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda ka timid Marne (waax)]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda kubbadda cagta ragga Aljeeriya]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda kubbadda cagta ragga Faransiiska]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Faransiiska ee asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Aljeeriya]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda caalamiga ah ee Aljeeriya]]
[[Category:Difaacyada dhexe ee kubbadda cagta]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Koobka Adduunka 2014]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2015]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2017]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2019]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2021]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2023]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2025]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Ligue 1]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Ligue 2]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Championnat National]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Stade de Reims]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda La Liga]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Real Betis]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Villarreal CF]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Lille OSC]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda qurbajoogta Aljeeriya]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda qurbajoogta Faransiiska]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda qurbajoogta Aljeeriya ee jooga Spain]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda qurbajoogta Faransiiska ee jooga Spain]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda qurbajoogta ragga ee jooga Spain]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Faransiiska ee qarniga 21-aad]]
[[Category:FIFA Men's Century Club]]
[[Category:Ciyaartoyda Aljeeriya ee qarniga 21-aad]]
[[Category:Muwaadiniinta Aljeeriya ee dhalashada lagu siiyay]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sixawle karanle</title>
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      <text bytes="3886" sha1="ak7rktl8ti6pza27dxobd40jrqmpkjz" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Sixawle Karanle &lt;br&gt;سيحولي كرانلي
| native_name = بنو كرانلي
| image = [[File:Calanka karanle.jpg|thumb|center|Calanka Karanle]]
| population = 
| region1 = {{flag|Somalia}}
| region2 = {{flag|Ethiopia}}
| region3 = {{flag|Kenya}}
| languages = 
* {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Somalia}}Af-soomaali}}
*{{nowrap|{{flagicon|Arab League}} Af-carabi}}
| religions = Sunni Islam
| related_groups = [[baad buraale]] [[murursade]] [[hawiye]]
}}

'''Sixawle''' ({{lang-ar|بنو سيحولي}}; {{lang-en|Sixawle}}) waa qabiil ka tirsan beesha '''[[Karanle]]''', oo iyaduna hoos timaada beel-weynta '''[[Hawiye]]''', mid ka mid ah lafaha ugu waaweyn ee bulshada [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]].

== Dulmar ==
Sixawle waxaa lagu tiriyaa qabiilada Karanle, iyadoo xogta ku saabsan qaab-dhismeedkooda badanaa ku saleysan yahay dhaqanka iyo afka (oral tradition.

== Qaab-dhismeedka ==
Sidaan kasoo xigtay dhaqanka beesha, Sixawle waxay u kala baxaan:
* '''[[Baad]]'''
* '''Buraale (Sanbure)'''

Jufada Baad waxaa lagu tilmaamaa mid ballaaran oo leh jilibyo badan, oo ay ka mid yihiin:
* Ciye Baad
* Shurbul Baad

=== [[Ciye Baad ]]===
Waxaa ka mid ah jufooyin sida:
=== [[Wargube]] ===
*Reer Cabdi
*Reer Cade Boore
*Reer Qaadi
*iyo faracyo kale  o
*Qaadiga reerka oo udhigma ugaas iyo garaad wuxuu ahaa Qaadi sheikh Nuur Qaadi macalin Aden oo looga danbeeyay nidaamka dhaqanka beesha

=== Reer Roon ===
**Reer Fiqi muuse
***Reer Hiraab Fiqi
***Reer Yaxye Fiqi
**Reer Garaad (Caamir)
**Reer Sharmaake
**Reer Dhuubane
***Reer Xaabow Fiqi
**Reer Aw Nuur
***Reer Xuseen Fiqi
* Reer Maxamuud Fiqi
*Reer Jibriil Fiqi
*Reer Dhore Fiqi
*Reer Xaaji Cabdiraxmaan (Luuje)
*Reer Faatax
*Reer Bulaale


=== [[Shurbul Baad]] ===
* Talays
** Reer Faarax
** Reer Geedi
** Reer Cali
** Reer Cabdile Rooble
* Iidfure
** Reer Cabdi
** Reer Xuseen
** Reer Alaale
** Reer Makaail 

=== Buraale (Sanbure) ===
Waxaa ka mid ah:
* Faarax Samatar
* Xasan Faarax
* Cabdille Faarax
* Xaaji Faarax
* Maxamuud Faarax


=== Asal iyo deegaan ===
Sixawle waxaa asal ahaan degaan dhulka somali galbeed bariga [[Itoobiya]], iyadoo sidoo kale laga helo qaybo ka mid ah koonfurta [[Soomaaliya]] gaar ahaan jubada dhexe.
[[File:Iimey.jpg|thumb|Iimeey]]
Deegaannada lagu tilmaamo inay deegaan ku yihiin waxaa ka mid ah:
[[File:Magalada dhandhame 20260421 161316 karanle.jpg|thumb|waa D/dhandhame ee Deegaanka somalida kililka shanaad sawir hore]]

* Imi (Iimey)
* Babille Baabili
* Fafi Faafi
* Dhan Dhame (Dhan-dhame)
* Afder Zone|Afdheer
 Iyo waliba deegaano badan
 beeshu waa beel dhib badan madax adag 
Dagaal badan deegaanada ay degan yihiin dadka ladagan iskaba daaye 
Iyagaa mararka qaar birta iska asla, meelaha ay ku yaryihiinna waxay il gaar ah isaga ilaalshaan dadka ay ladagan,yihiin si,qabiil Ahaan aynan uga mid noqon badalkeedna walaltinimo iyo wadajir kuwada jooga
Wixii intaas dhaafsiisanna dhagta dhiiga udara nimaan shantaada kaareebin sharci kaama reebo
Dagaalna will uunbaa kudhinta ee kuma dhasho beelaha Karanle iyaga lasheegto maahee dadyowgooda 
Qabiilo kale masheegtaan in iyaga laga mid noqdo maahee
Qabaail kale kama mid noqdaan:
{{Location map Ethiopia
| width = 300
| float = right
| label = Deegaannada Sixawle
| lat = 5.0
| long = 42.5
| position = right
| caption = Meelaha ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan Sixawle ee Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya
}}

==Dhaqan iyo dhaqaale==
Dhaqanka Beesha Sixawle wuxuu inta badan ku salaysan yahay xoolo-dhaqasho iyo beerasho, iyadoo dhaqaalaha ay umada somali kutiirsan tahay lagu tilmaamo xoolaha nuucyadiisa sida geel, lo’, iyo ari/iwm oo ay kamid yihiin fardaha.

==Nidaamka dhaqanka==
Sida beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed, beesha Sixawle waxay leeyihiin nidaam dhaqameed ku dhisan waxa layiraah:
* Xeer Soomaali oo magta lagu kala qaato geel ama lo'
* wexey leeyihin sidokale Hoggaan dhaqameed sida qaadi ugaas, garaad, iyo nabadoonno</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Kalk Bay</title>
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      <text bytes="21944" sha1="0nv8h1cde3htogwg88k2tmsmnozx6le" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Kalk Bay
| native_name        = ''Kalkbaai''
| image_skyline      = Kalkbaai.JPG
| image_caption      = Kalk Bay oo laga arkayo dhabbada tareenka
| pushpin_map        = South Africa Western Cape#South Africa#Africa
| coordinates        = {{coord|34|07|40|S|18|26|54|E|region:ZA|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = [[Waddan]]
| subdivision_name   = [[Koonfur Afrika]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[Gobollada Koonfur Afrika|Gobol]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Western Cape]]
| subdivision_type2  = Degmo
| subdivision_type3  = [[Liiska degmooyinka Koonfur Afrika|Degmo Doorasho]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality|Magaalada Cape Town]]
| subdivision_type4  = Goobta Koowaad
| subdivision_name4  = [[Cape Town]]
| established_title  = La aasaasay
| leader_title       = Xildhibaan
| leader_name        = Aimee Kuhl ([[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|DA]])
| area_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/199041112 |title=Sub Place Kalk Bay |work=Census 2011 |access-date=2019-03-22 |archive-date=2019-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711134841/https://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/199041112 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_total_km2     = 0.32
| population_footnotes = &lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot; /&gt;
| population_total   = 700
| population_as_of   = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
&lt;!-- demographics (section 1) --&gt;| demographics_type1 = Qaabdhismeedka qowmiyadeed (2011)
| demographics1_footnotes = &lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot; /&gt;
| demographics1_title1 = [[Dadka Bantuuga ee Koonfur Afrika|Madow Afrikaan]]
| demographics1_info1 = 8.1%
| demographics1_title2 = [[Midabka isku dhex jira|Midabka isku dhex jira]]
| demographics1_info2 = 32.3%
| demographics1_title3 = [[Aasiyaanka Koonfur Afrika|Aasiyaan]]
| demographics1_info3 = 0.1%
| demographics1_title4 = [[Caddanka Koonfur Afrika|Caddan]]
| demographics1_info4 = 54.6%
| demographics1_title5 = Kale
| demographics1_info5 = 4.9%
&lt;!-- demographics (section 2) --&gt;| demographics_type2 = [[Luqadda koowaad]] (2011)
| demographics2_footnotes = &lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot; /&gt;
| demographics2_title1 = [[Luqadda Ingiriisiga|Ingiriis]]
| demographics2_info1 = 86.2%
| demographics2_title2 = [[Af-Afrikaans]]
| demographics2_info2 = 10.3%
| demographics2_title3 = 
| demographics2_info3 = 
| demographics2_title4 = 
| demographics2_info4 = 
| demographics2_title5 = Kale
| demographics2_info5 = 3.5%
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 2) --&gt;
&lt;!-- Other information --&gt;| timezone1          = [[Waqtiga Halbeega ee Koonfur Afrika|SAST]]
| utc_offset1        = +2
| postal_code_type   = [[Liiska nambarrada boostada ee Koonfur Afrika|Xeerka boostada]] (waddada)
| postal_code        = 7975
| postal2_code_type  = [[Sanduuqa boostada|Sanduuqa boostada]]
| postal2_code       = 7990
| area_code_type     = [[Nambarrada taleefanka ee Koonfur Afrika|Xeerka aagga]]
}}
'''Kalk Bay''' ({{langx|af|Kalkbaai}}) waa [[tuulo kalluumeysi]] iyo xafo ka tirsan [[Cape Town]]. Waxay ku taal xeebta galbeed ee False Bay. Inta badan magaalada waxay ku taal daldaloolada buuraha ee xiga badda. Buurahan, oo leh meelo sare oo ah [[Dhagax Bacaadka ee Buurta Shaxda]], waxay sameeyaan dhowr dooxadood.&lt;ref name=&quot;compton&quot;&gt;Compton, J.S. (2004).''The Rocks and Mountains of Cape Town''. p. 24-26, 44-70. Double Storey Books, Cape Town. {{ISBN|1-919930-70-1}}.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Gadiidka tareenka ee Koonfur Afrika|Dhabbada tareenka]] ee ka timaada [[Cape Town]] kuna socota [[Simon's Town]] waxay martaa Kalk Bay, taas oo leh hal saldhig oo u dhow dekedda.

Kalk Bay waxay ku dhowdahay xafada taariikhda la xiriirta ee [[St James, Cape Town|St James]], iyadoo qaybinta u dhaxeysa labada ay tahay mid si weyn u rami ah. Waxay wadaagaan Ururka Canshuurbixiyayaasha iyo Dadka Deggan Kalk Bay iyo St. James, kaas oo maamula guddiga hiddaha isla markaana xiriir la sameeya dowladda arrimaha ku saabsan amniga iyo ilaalinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kalk Bay &amp; St James Ratepayers |url=https://kalkbaystjamesratepayers.wordpress.com/ |access-date=2023-09-11 |website=Kalk Bay &amp; St James Ratepayers |language=en |archive-date=2022-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705003756/https://kalkbaystjamesratepayers.wordpress.com/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2018, majaladda ''[[Forbes]]'' waxay u magacawday xaafaddan mid ka mid ah kuwa &quot;ugu qaboobaha badan dunida&quot;, iyadoo ku tilmaantay &quot;gabaad xeebeed&quot; oo soo jiidanaya wax ka badan bulshada hal-abuurka ee deegaanka.&lt;ref name=ForbesCoolest&gt;{{Cite web|last=Abel|first=Ann|date=22 June 2018|title=The 12 Coolest Neighborhoods Around the World|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/annabel/2018/06/22/the-12-coolest-neighborhoods-around-the-world/|access-date=2020-05-01|website=Forbes|language=en|archive-date=2020-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613124721/https://www.forbes.com/sites/annabel/2018/06/22/the-12-coolest-neighborhoods-around-the-world/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2018-07-22|title=Kalk Bay named one of the 'coolest places' - Forbes|url=https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/kalk-bay-named-one-of-the-coolest-places-forbes/|access-date=2020-05-01|website=SABC News|language=en-US|archive-date=2019-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127132143/http://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/kalk-bay-named-one-of-the-coolest-places-forbes/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taariikhda ==
[[File:Kalk Bay historic postcard.jpg|left|thumb|Kaatun taariikhi ah oo ku saabsan Kalk Bay]]

=== Taariikhda ka hor gumeysiga ===
Taariikhda aagga Kalk Bay waa mid adag in laga saaro taariikhda gobolka weyn ee False Bay. Waxay u dhowdahay in aagga ay degenaayeen dadka [[Khoekhoe]] muddo kumanyaal sano ah ka hor dejinta reer Yurub.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite thesis |degree=MA |last=Kirkaldy |first=Alan |date=November 1988 |url=https://open.uct.ac.za/bitstream/handle/11427/22499/thesis_hum_1989_kirkaldy_alan.pdf?sequence=1 |title=&quot;The sea is in our blood&quot; - community and craft in Kalk Bay |publisher=University of Cape Town |access-date=2023-09-11 |archive-date=2022-03-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220321003840/https://open.uct.ac.za/bitstream/handle/11427/22499/thesis_hum_1989_kirkaldy_alan.pdf?sequence=1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Baaritaan lagu sameeyay lafaha laga helay gobolka xeebta ayaa muujiyay in dhererka dadkan taariikhda ka hor uu ku jiray qiyaasta dadka casriga ah ee [[Khoisan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilson1990&quot;&gt;{{cite thesis |last=Wilson |first=M. |date=1990 |title=Strandlovers and Shell Middens |publisher=University of Cape Town |url=https://open.uct.ac.za/bitstream/11427/22956/1/thesis_hum_Wilson_1990.pdf |location=Available at UCT Digital Collections}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Turaas]] laga helay boholaha hoose ee buuraha ka sarreeya Kalk Bay ayaa muujinaya in goobahan loo isticmaali jiray gabaad,&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Timeline – Kalk Bay Historical Association |url=https://www.kbha.co.za/timeline/ |access-date=2023-09-11 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322123151/http://www.kbha.co.za/timeline/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo caddaymaha qadiimiga ah ayaa weli sii muuqanaya sababo la xiriira dhaqdhaqaaqa xayawaanka ee aagga.&lt;ref name=&quot;EAPrac2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=Cape EAPrac Archaeological Survey |date=2021 |title=Archaeological Impact Assessment |url=http://cape-eaprac.co.za/projects/HES651%20Patrys%20Development/G4%20Archaeological%20Impact%20Assessment.pdf |publisher=Professional heritage assessment report}}
&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dejinta reer Yurub iyo ugaarsiga nibiriga ===
Tuulada Kalk Bay waxaa u dhow inay aasastay [[Shirkadda Bariga Hindiya ee Holand]] qarnigii 17-aad. Markii ugu horreysay ee qoraal lagu xuso magaca ''Kalkbaai'' (Bay-da Nuuradda) waxay ahayd badhasaab [[Simon van der Stel]] sannadkii 1687, intii lagu jiray safar saddex toddobaad qaatay oo lagu baarayay laguna khariidaynayay False Bay.&lt;ref name=&quot;S2A3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Simon van der Stel |url=https://www.s2a3.org.za/bio/Biograph_final.php?serial=2926 |website=S2A3 Biographical Database of Southern African Science |access-date=2024-10-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |title=Simon van der Stel's Day Register |journal=Cape Archives |language=Dutch |volume=11 |pages=481}}&lt;/ref&gt; Magaca wuxuu ka yimid ereyada Holandeeska iyo Af-Afrikaans ee tilmaamaya kaydadka qolofta dhuubta ee ay gubeen dadkii hore u degay si ay u soo saaraan [[Nuurad|nuurad]].

Dadkii ugu horreeyay ee kalluumeysatada ahaa waxay u badnaayeen addoomo laga keenay Bengal, Indonesia, iyo Ceylon. Waxay heleen xorriyaddooda sannadkii 1807, markii addoonsiga laga dhigay mid sharci darro ah [[Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]]. Bulshadan waxay u badneyd Muslim, taas oo horseeday dhismaha [[masaajid]] sannadkii 1846.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Hoos u dhaca [[Gumeysiga Cape|Xukunkii Ingiriiska]], ugaarsiga nibiriga wuxuu noqday warshad weyn. Laga bilaabo qiyaastii 1806, wuxuu kiciyay dejinta aagga wuxuuna noqday warshadda saddexaad ee dakhliga ugu badan ka soo xaroodo Cape, ka dib beeraha iyo khamri-samaynta.&lt;ref name=&quot;Riverlodge2016&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=10 March 2016 |title=Our Famous False Bay Visitors |url=https://www.riverlodge.co.za/blogs/riverlodge-blog/our-famous-false-bay-visitors |website=Riverlodge Backpackers}}&lt;/ref&gt; Saldhigyada ugaarsiga nibiriga waxaa laga raray Simon's Town lana geeyay xeebta u dhaxeysa Kalk Bay iyo St James ka dib markii dadka deegaanka ay ka cabdeen urta.&lt;ref name=&quot;Walker2016&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Walker |first=Michael |date=2016 |title=A history of the houses |url=https://www.stjamesguesthouses.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/STJ-Booklet-Walker-LR.pdf |publisher=St James Guesthouses}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannadkii 1902, ugaarsigii nibiriga ee Kalk Bay waa uu istaagay sababtoo ah kaydkii nibiriga ayaa yaraaday.&lt;ref name=&quot;CoCT2014_5&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=2014 |title=Stories of the South Peninsula, Chapter 05 |url=https://resource.capetown.gov.za/documentcentre/Documents/City%20research%20reports%20and%20review/Stories_of_the_South_Peninsula_chapter_05_2014-06.pdf |publisher=City of Cape Town |access-date=2026-06-24 |archive-date=2025-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251206142356/https://resource.capetown.gov.za/documentcentre/Documents/City%20research%20reports%20and%20review/Stories_of_the_South_Peninsula_chapter_05_2014-06.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Bulshada Filibiin ===
Dadka waxaa sii kordhiyay imaatinka kalluumeysatada Filibiin. Sida ku xusan taariikhda afka ee deegaanka, imaatinkii ugu horreeyay wuxuu noqon karaa qiyaastii 1839, markii kalluumeysato magaciisa la oron jiray Staggie Fernandez uu ka soo dabaashay markab joogay Simon's Town una soo lugaynaayay Kalk Bay.&lt;ref name=&quot;Herbert2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Herbert |first=Steve |date=28 September 2023 |title=The history of Kalk Bay's Filipino community |url=https://falsebayecho.co.za/news/2023-09-28-the-history-of-kalk-bays-filipino-community/ |website=False Bay Echo}}&lt;/ref&gt; Warbixinno kale waxay sheegayaan in shaqaale markab Filibiin ah oo ku qarqoomay ay degeen Kalk Bay bartamihii 1840-meeyadii. Bulshadu waxay si weyn u korortay 1850-meeyadii markii qaxooti ay ka soo carareen Filibiin si ay uga baxsadaan rabshadihii ka dhanka ahaa Isbaanishka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smile2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=5 April 2019 |title=EARLY KALK BAY SETTLERS HONOURED |url=https://smilefm.co.za/early-kalk-bay-settlers-honoured/ |website=Smile 90.4FM}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bulshada Filibiin ee u badneyd [[Kaniisadda Kaatooligga|Kaatoolig]] waxaa loo arkaa asalka kala qaybinta u dhaxeysa Kalk Bay iyo [[St James, Cape Town|St James]], maadaama kan dambe uu ku yaal kaniisadda Kaatooligga ee keliya ee aagga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

=== Horumarinta dhabbada tareenka iyo dekedda ===
[[File:Kalk Bay's Train Line 1883.jpg|left|thumb|Dhabbada tareenka ee Kalk Bay sannadkii 1883]]
Dhabbada tareenka ee Khadka Koonfureed waxaa loo kordhiyay Kalk Bay sannadkii 1883, iyadoo ku xireysa tuulada Cape Town kuna gacan siineysa in kalluunka si hufan loogu qaado magaalada.&lt;ref name=&quot;CoCT2014_9&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=2014 |title=Stories of the South Peninsula, Chapter 09 |url=https://resource.capetown.gov.za/documentcentre/Documents/City%20research%20reports%20and%20review/Stories_of_the_South_Peninsula_chapter_09_2014-06.pdf |publisher=City of Cape Town |access-date=2026-06-24 |archive-date=2026-06-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260607174857/https://resource.capetown.gov.za/documentcentre/Documents/City%20research%20reports%20and%20review/Stories_of_the_South_Peninsula_chapter_09_2014-06.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Seeff2018&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=14 September 2018 |title=Then and now: Wynberg Railway Station |url=https://www.seeff.com/news/then-and-now-wynberg-railway-station/ |website=Seeff Property Group}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, imaatinka tareenka wuxuu halis geliyay dhaqankii ahaa in doomaha yar yar ee kalluumeysiga laga bilaabo xeebta. Tani, oo ay weheliso isticmaalka maraakiibta waa weyn ee kalluumeysiga ee False Bay, waxay kordhisay cadaadiska dhismaha deked macmal ah.

Dhismaha dekedda wuxuu bilowday 6-dii Maarso 1913, iyadoo uu kormeerayay injineerka mas'uulka ka ahaa C. Le S. Furlong.&lt;ref name=&quot;IdeaAccel2025&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=15 April 2025 |title=The Mystery of the Green Starboard Lighthouse at Kalk Bay Harbour |url=https://ideaaccelerator.co.za/the-mystery-of-the-green-starboard-lighthouse-at-kalk-bay-harbour/ |website=Idea Accelerator Blog |access-date=24 Bisha Lixaad 2026 |archive-date=13 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251213135450/https://ideaaccelerator.co.za/the-mystery-of-the-green-starboard-lighthouse-at-kalk-bay-harbour/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; 7-dii Juun 1913, Wasiirka Tareennada iyo Dekedaha, Henry Burton, ayaa dhigay dhagax-dhigga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Echo2023&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.falsebayecho.co.za/news/celebrating-110-years-of-kalk-bay-harbour-95103577-55dc-42c9-a020-0a737a61032d |title=Celebrating 110 years of Kalk Bay Harbour |work=False Bay Echo |date=27 June 2023 |first=Erin |last=Carelse |access-date=26 May 2024 |archive-date=26 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526132931/https://www.falsebayecho.co.za/news/celebrating-110-years-of-kalk-bay-harbour-95103577-55dc-42c9-a020-0a737a61032d |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Mashruuca wuxuu inta badan dhammaaday 1918, wuxuuna dhalay barkad 8-acre ah oo leh gabaad hirarka ka difaaca, marin kalluunka laga soo dejiyo, iyo marin doomaha la mariyo.&lt;ref name=&quot;IdeaAccel2025&quot;/&gt; Sannadkii 1937 iyo 1939 waxaa lagu daray [[Dhismaha dekedda ka difaaca hirarka|gabaad labaad]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bulletin 1 1997 |url=https://kbha.co.za/BULLETINS/1/mobile/index.html |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=kbha.co.za |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Xilligii midab-kala-sooca (Apartheid) ===
[[File:Kalk Bay.jpg|left|thumb|300x300px|&quot;Fisherman Flats&quot; oo laga arkayo dekedda, kuwaas oo lagu garto saqafkooda guduudan iyo midabka maariinka ah]]
Sharcigii Aqallada Dumay ee 1934, kaas oo inta badan loo isticmaali jiray horumarinta midab-kala-sooca, wuxuu horseeday dumin lagu sameeyay guryo ku yaal aag ka tirsan Kalk Bay oo loo yaqaano Die Land.&lt;ref name=&quot;UP2009&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=2009 |title=Contested modernism: post Slums Act public housing in Cape Town |url=https://repository.up.ac.za/items/5efe35e1-9bcd-4880-9c94-db2bf7355df9 |publisher=Art Historical Work Group of South Africa, University of Pretoria}}&lt;/ref&gt; Guryahan waxaa u badnaa dadka [[Midabka isku dhex jira|Midabka isku dhex jira]] ee kalluumeysatada ahaa. Bulshadu waxay si guul leh ugu dagaalantay in guryo beddel u ah laga dhiso meeshii laga dumiyay, taas oo keentay dhismaha aqallo dabaqyo ah intii u dhaxeysay 1941 iyo 1945, oo loo yaqaano &quot;Fishermen's Flats&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;GroundUp2018&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=14 June 2018 |title=Using municipal land for bowling greens during a housing crisis is unjust |url=https://groundup.org.za/article/leasing-city-land-bowling-greens-housing-crisis-unjust/ |website=GroundUp}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kalk Bay Historical Association |url=https://www.kbha.co.za/ |access-date=2023-09-11 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330095658/http://www.kbha.co.za/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 1967, Kalk Bay waxaa loogu dhawaaqay &quot;Aag Caddan&quot; iyadoo la raacayo [[Sharciga Aagga Kooxaha]]. Tani waxay keentay dibad-bax weyn iyo isbeddel taariikhda naadir ku ah: bulshada kalluumeysatada ah waxaa loo oggolaaday inay ku haraan dabaqyada, maadaama ay qasab ku ahayd inay u dhowaadaan doomahooda.&lt;ref name=&quot;Destiny2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Manuel |first=Lauren |date=6 March 2023 |title=The Keeper of Fishermen Tales |url=https://www.destinyconnect.com/2023/03/the-keeper-of-fishermen-tales/ |website=Destiny Connect}}&lt;/ref&gt; Inkastoo loo qabtay muddo 15 sano ah oo aakhirkii lagu rarayo, haddana marnaba lagama hawlgalin, inta badan dadkiina waa ay hareen. Qiyaastii meel meel afar meelood loo qaybiyay qoysaska ayaa la saaray.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Dalxiiska ==

[[Image:Kalk Bay 2.JPG|thumb|Dekedda Kalk Bay]]
Warshaddii kalluumeysiga ee taariikhda maamuli jirtay Kalk Bay waxaa inta badan beddelay dalxiiska.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016-12-02 |title=December Newsletter |url=https://kalkbaystjamesratepayers.wordpress.com/2016/12/02/december-newsletter/ |access-date=2023-09-11 |website=Kalk Bay &amp; St James Ratepayers |language=en |archive-date=2024-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526133716/https://kalkbaystjamesratepayers.wordpress.com/2016/12/02/december-newsletter/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Isbeddelkan waxaa kiciyay dhowr meelood oo caan ah oo soo jiidasho leh. Dekedda weli waxay martigelisaa warshad kalluumeysi oo firfircoon; si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay sidoo kale noqotay goob dalxiis oo caan ah. Waxay leedahay dhowr maqaayado cuntooyinka badda ah&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Getaway |date=2021-06-30 |title=Kalk Bay: The Happy Harbour |url=https://www.getaway.co.za/destinations/western-cape/kalk-bay-the-happy-harbour/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=Getaway Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo suuq kalluun oo cusub. Waxay sidoo kale caan ku tahay dadkeeda [[Libaax baddoodka maariinka ah]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Master |first=Web |date=2021-12-27 |title=Kalk Bay Seal Finally Off the Hook, Freed from Pain • Cape of Good Hope SPCA |url=https://capespca.co.za/wildlife-news/kalk-bay-seal-finally-off-the-hook-freed-from-pain/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=Cape of Good Hope SPCA |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kalk Bay waxay leedahay meel dhagaxley ah oo caan ku ah ruxitaanka hirarka loona yaqaano &quot;Kalk Bay Reef&quot;. Waxay caan ku tahay hirarka waa weyn ee xidhan iyo dhagaxleyda gacanyada ah ee la xiriirta, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ka halis badan inta badan goobaha caanka ah ee loo dalxiis tago hirarka dushooda. Waxaa ugu fiican in lagu dhex dabaasho hirar waa weyn oo ka imanaya koonfur-bari ama dabayl ka timaada waqooyi-galbeed. Hirarka yaryar, marka ay bbadu guranto waxay sameysaa hirar xidhan oo fiican. Hirarka inta badan waxay u fiican yihiin dhex dabaalashada xilliga qaboobaha iyo bilowga guga.{{citation needed|date=May 2024}}

Dhaqdhaqaaqa kale ee caanka ah waa daawashada nibiriga, maadaama [[Nibiriga saxda ah ee koonfureed]] uu soo maro False Bay dhowr bilood oo sannadka ka mid ah.

Intaa waxaa dheer, buuraha ka sarreeya Kalk Bay waxay leeyihiin dhowr dhabbo oo loo lugeeyo, oo ay ku jiraan Echo Valley iyo Trappieskop (Af-Afrikaans oo u taagan 'buurta tillaabooyinka'). Kuwaas waxaa laga geli karaa Boyes Drive, oo dhex marta buurta ka sarreysa Kalk Bay. Buuruhu waxay leeyihiin wax ka badan siddeetan godood, oo ku kala duwan dhibka ay leeyihiin.&lt;ref name=&quot;CU1984&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=1984 |title=Caves Of The Cape Peninsula |url=https://cucc.survex.com/jnl/1984/cape.htm |publisher=Cambridge Underground Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhabbooyinka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in laga galo godadka dhagax bacaadka ah ee loo yaqaano &quot;Boomslang Cave&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Subseries G10 - Avernas, Boomslang, White Dome Grotto, Wessels Grotto |url=https://www.atom.lib.uct.ac.za/index.php/za-uct-bc739-g-g10 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=AtoM@UCT |archive-date=26 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526133723/https://www.atom.lib.uct.ac.za/index.php/za-uct-bc739-g-g10 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo &quot;Ronan's Well&quot;, taas oo leh marin ka badan 400 oo mitir.&lt;ref name=&quot;CU1984&quot;/&gt; Kuwaas waxaa caan ku ah dadka hiwaayadda u leh galitaanka godadka sababo la xiriira sahlanaanta gelidooda, amnigooda, iyo qaabdhismeedkooda sahlan.

Godadkan waxay muhiimad u leeyihiin aqoonyahannada baara godadka sababtoo ah waxay ku sameysmeen dhagax bacaad. Nidaamyada godadka waa weyn inta badan lagama helo noocan oo kale ah dhagaxaan aan kiimiko ahaan falgalin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Sharratt |first1=Norma J. |last2=Picker |first2=Mike D. |last3=Samways |first3=Michael J. |year=2000 |title=The invertebrate fauna of the sandstone caves of the Cape Peninsula (South Africa): Patterns of endemism and conservation priorities |journal=Biodiversity and Conservation |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=107–143 |doi=10.1023/A:1008968518058 |s2cid=28508022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Astaan-gacmeedka==
Kalk Bay (oo ay ku jiraan [[Muizenberg]] iyo [[St James, Cape Town|St James]]) waxay ahayd degmo magaalada ah bilowgii 1895 ilaa 1913. Golaha magaalada wuxuu qaatay astaan-gacmeed, oo uu naqshadeeyay Frank Newnes, bishii Luulyo 1901.&lt;ref name=&quot;wca&quot;&gt;Western Cape Archives : Kalk Bay Municipal Minutes (23 July 1901).&lt;/ref&gt;

Gaashaanka wuxuu u qaybsanaa si jiif ah. Qaybta sare waxay u qaybsantay si toos ah, iyadoo muujinaysa doon kalluumeysi (oo qayb ahaan uu qariyay gaashaan yar) iyo siddeed fleurs de lis, halka qaybta hoose ay muujinaysay [[raascanab canab ah]]. Gaashaan yar oo muujinaya ubaxa arum lily ayaa la dhigay bartamaha.

== Sidoo kale eeg ==
*[[Dekedaha iyo gabaadyada Koonfur Afrika]]

== Tixraacyada ==
{{Reflist}}

== Xiriirin dheeraad ah ==
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    <title>Malindi</title>
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      <text bytes="25031" sha1="g1ifm33zun8gi63i6zg814wn5ri2exe" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
&lt;!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--&gt;
| official_name            = Malindi
| settlement_type          = [[List of cities and towns in Kenya by population|Degmo]]
| image_skyline            = Pillar of Vasco da Gama.jpg
| imagesize                = 
| image_caption            = [[Vasco da Gama Pillar, Malindi|Tiirka Vasco da Gama]] iyo Badweynta Hindiya
| image_flag               = 
| flag_size                = 
| image_seal               = 
| seal_size                = 
| image_map                = 
| mapsize                  = 
| map_caption              = 
| pushpin_map              = Kenya#Horn of Africa#Africa
| pushpin_map_caption      = Goobta ay kutaal Kenya##Goobta ay kutaal Geeska Afrika##Goobta ay kutaal Afrika
| pushpin_relief           = 
| subdivision_type         = Waddan
| subdivision_name         = {{flag|Kenya}}
| subdivision_type1        = [[Counties of Kenya|Ismaamul]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Kilifi County]]
| established_title        = La aasaasay
| established_date         = Qarnigii 13-aad – 14-aad
&lt;!-- Politics -----------------&gt;| government_footnotes     = 
| government_type          = 
| leader_title             = 
| leader_name              = 
| established_title1       = Dib loo dejiyay
| established_date1        = 1861
| area_magnitude           = 
| unit_pref                = Imperial 
| area_footnotes           = 
| area_total_km2           = 
| area_land_km2            = 
| population_as_of         = 2019
| population_footnotes     = &lt;ref name =Census2019&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.knbs.or.ke/?wpdmpro=2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-volume-ii-distribution-of-population-by-administrative-units&amp;wpdmdl=5728&amp;ind=MT12f0IDWVM-a0J2dc3Xi42qelbruMwR0a7XIWb0iAwnedEVNBjd_1FEwMun_eI5 |title=2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume II: Distribution of Population by Administrative Units |access-date=28 March 2020 |website=Kenya National Bureau of Statistics |df=dmy |archive-date=3 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303134254/https://www.knbs.or.ke/?wpdmpro=2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-volume-ii-distribution-of-population-by-administrative-units&amp;wpdmdl=5728&amp;ind=MT12f0IDWVM-a0J2dc3Xi42qelbruMwR0a7XIWb0iAwnedEVNBjd_1FEwMun_eI5 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_note          = 
| population_total         = 119859
| population_density_km2   = 
| timezone                 = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset               = +3
| timezone_DST             = 
| utc_offset_DST           = 
| coordinates              = {{coord|3|13|25|S|40|7|48|E|region:KE|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_footnotes      = &lt;!--for references: use &lt;ref&gt; tags--&gt;
}}

'''Malindi''' (oo taariikhda looga yaqaanay '''Melinde''') waa magaalo ku taal Gacanka Malindi ee afka [[Webiga Galana]], waxayna dhacdaa xeebta [[Badweynta Hindiya]] ee dalka [[Kenya]]. Waxay 120 kiiloomitir dhanka waqooyi-bari kaga beegan tahay [[Mombasa]]. Tirada dadka Malindi waxay ahayd 119,859 tirakoobkii 2019.&lt;ref name =Census2019/&gt; Waa xarunta magaalo ee ugu weyn [[Kilifi County]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Malindi Destination Guide - Kenyan Coastal Resort Town |url=https://www.kenyasafari.com/malindi-guide.html |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=www.kenyasafari.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Guudmar==
{{More citations needed|section|date=January 2023}}
Dalxiisku waa warshadaha ugu waaweyn ee Malindi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://malindimunicipality.go.ke/home/about/ |website=Municipality of Malindi |access-date=22 June 2026 |archive-date=24 Bisha Lixaad 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260624161146/https://malindimunicipality.go.ke/home/about/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Goobaha hidaha ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah [[Vasco da Gama Pillar, Malindi|Tiirka Vasco da Gama]], [[Portuguese Chapel, Malindi|Kaniisadda Burtuqiiska]], [[House of Columns, Malindi|Guriga Tiirarka]] iyo [[Malindi Museum Heritage Complex|Matxafka Hidaha ee Malindi]].

Malindi waxaa u adeega garoon diyaaradeed oo gudaha ah iyo waddo weyn oo u dhaxaysa [[Mombasa]] iyo [[Lamu]]. Magaalada [[Watamu]] ee u dhow iyo [[Ruins of Gedi|Bur-burka Gedi]] (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Gede) ayaa dhanka koonfureed kaga beegan Malindi. Afka [[Athi-Galana-Sabaki River|Webiga Sabaki]] wuxuu ku yaal waqooyiga Malindi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-06-28 |title=Top Affordable Places to Visit in Malindi Kenya |url=https://www.wakenyawataliitourstravel.com/top-affordable-places-to-visit-in-malindi-kenya/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Watamu Marine National Park|Watamu]] iyo [[Malindi Marine National Park]] waxay sameeyaan aag xeeb ah oo la ilaaliyo oo ka bilaabma koonfurta Malindi. Aaggu wuxuu muujinayaa tusaalayaal caadi ah oo ah [[Swahili architecture|Dhismaha Sawaaxiliga]]. Inta badan dadka ku nool Malindi waa [[Islam in Kenya|Muslimiin]].&lt;ref&gt;[[Arye Oded|Oded, Arye]] (2000). ''Islam and Politics in Kenya''. [[Lynne Rienner Publishers]], p. 11&lt;/ref&gt;

Malindi waa guriga [[Malindi Airport|Garoonka Diyaaradaha ee Malindi]] iyo [[Broglio Space Center]] (oo hore u ahaa ''San Marco Equatorial Range''{{clarify|date=June 2026}}).&lt;ref name=bbc&gt;{{cite news |last1=Einashe |first1=Ismail |title=How Kenya's Malindi morphed into 'Little Italy' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56284827 |access-date=22 June 2026 |publisher=BBC |date=5 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taariikh ==
{{See also|Malindi Kingdom}}
[[File:Vasco da Gama e o Rei de Melinde (Centro Cultural Português de Santos).png|thumb|left|Sahamiyaha Burtuqiiska [[Vasco da Gama]] oo la kulmaya Boqorkii Malindi 1498. [[Portuguese Empire|Boqortooyada Burtuqiiska]] waxay xukuntay Malindi intii u dhaxaysay 1500 ilaa 1630.]]

Malindi waxay u kortay sidii qayb ka mid ah ilbaxnimada soo ifbaxaysa ee [[Swahili people|Sawaaxiliga]] intii u dhaxaysay qarniyadii 5-aad ilaa 10-aad. Beeralay ku hadla luuqadaha [[Bantu languages|Bantu]] ayaa u soo guuray aagga, halkaas oo ay ka sameeyeen birta, ku dhisteen guryo alwaax iyo qori ah oo lagu saqafay caleemaha timirta, ku hadlay lahjad maxalli ah oo [[kiSwahili|Sawaaxili]] ah, oo ay ku lug yeesheen ganacsiga gobolka iyo mararka qaarkood ganacsiga fog. Soo noolaynta shabakadaha [[Indian Ocean trade|ganacsiga Badweynta Hindiya]] dhamaadkii kunka sano ee ugu horeeyay waxay horseeday degsiimooyin waaweyn, korodhka ganacsiga fog, iyo kakanaanta bulshada. Bilowgii qarnigii 11-aad, Sawaaxiliga xeebta ku noolaa waxay u dhaqmayeen sidii dhex-dhexaadiye u dhexeeya [[Somali people|Soomaalida]], [[Egyptians|Masar-iyiinta]], [[Nubians|Nuubiyiinta]], [[Arabs|Carabta]], [[Persians|Faarisiinta]], iyo [[Indian people|Hindiya]]. Waxay bilaabeen inay dhistaan magaalooyin deyr leh, guryo coral ah, dadka sareena waxay qaateen Islaamka, iyagoo inta badan ku hadla Carabi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Middleton |first1=John |title=The World of the Swahili |date=1994 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |pages=1–45}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Malindi Kingdom|Boqortooyadii Malindi]] waxay u muuqataa inay samaysantay qiyaastii qarnigii 9-aad ee miilaadiyada waxayna kortay awood badan labadii qarni ee ka hor inta aan [[Vasco da Gama]] keenin [[Portugal|Burtuqiiska]] gumeysiga gobolka, ka dambe wuxuu horseeday hoos u dhaca ilbaxnimada. Magaalada Malindi, oo la aasaasay qiyaastii 850 miilaadiyada, waxay ku tiil meel ka waqooyi badan magaalada casriga ah, waxayna u muuqataa inay burburtay qiyaastii 1000 miilaadiyada. Waxaa jiray calaamado yar oo degitaan ah labadii qarni ee ku xigay, ka dibna soo kabasho iyo barwaaqo ayaa timid 1200-meeyadii.{{Citation needed|date=February 2026}}

Tixraacii ugu horeeyay ee qoran ee ku saabsan Malindi maanta waxay u badan tahay inay ka timid [[Ibn Kathir|Abu al-Fida]] (1273–1331), oo ahaa juqraafi iyo taariikhyahan [[Kurds|Kurdi]] ah. Wuxuu qoray in Malindi ay ku taal dhanka koonfureed ee afka webi ka bilaabma buur boqollaal mayl u jirta. Buurtan waxaa laga yaabaa inay tahay [[Mount Kenya|Buurta Kenya]], halkaas oo uu ka soo askumo [[Athi-Galana-Sabaki River|Webiga Galana]]. Sidaas darteed, Malindi waxay jirtay sidii degsiimo [[Swahili people|Sawaaxili]] ah tan iyo ugu yaraan qarnigii 13-aad.&lt;ref name=Martin1970&gt;{{cite book|first=Esmond Bradley|last=Martin|title=Malindi. Past and Present|year=2009|publisher=The National Museum of Kenya|edition=New|orig-year=originally published in 1970}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mar ay kula tartamayso [[Mombasa]] oo keliya talada qaybtan Bariga Afrika, Malindi waxay dhaqan ahaan ahayd magaalo deked ah. Sanadkii 1414, magaalada waxaa [[Ming treasure voyages#Fifth voyage|soo booqday safar]] uu hoggaaminayay sahamiyaha Shiinaha ee [[Zheng He]]. Xukumihii Malindi wuxuu u diray ergay gaar ah oo wata geri hadiyad ahaan Shiinaha safarkaas.&lt;ref name=Martin1970/&gt;

Sahamiyaha Burtuqiiska [[Vasco da Gama]] wuxuu la kulmay maamulka Malindi 1498 si uu u saxiixo heshiis ganacsi oo uu u kireysto hage u safra Hindiya, markaas oo uu taagay [[padrão|tiir]] loo yaqaan maanta [[Vasco da Gama Pillar, Malindi|Tiirka Vasco da Gama]]. Vasco da Gama waxaa si diiran u soo dhaweeyay Suldaankii Malindi, taas oo ka duwan soo dhawayntii colka ahayd ee uu kala kulmay [[Mombasa]].&lt;ref name=Martin1970/&gt; Waa goob dalxiis oo caan u ah dalxiisayaasha gudaha iyo kuwa caalamiga ahba.

Sanadkii 1498, Malindi waxay ahayd magaalo barwaaqo ah oo ay ku nool yihiin inta u dhaxaysa 5,000 iyo 10,000 oo qof. Inta badan dadka waxay ahaayeen Muslimiin xilligan, iyagoo qaatey Islaamka inta badan intii u dhaxaysay qarniyadii 13-aad iyo 14-aad. Sida magaalooyinka kale ee Sawaaxiliga ee qarniyadii dhexe, dabaqadda xukunta ama ''wazee'' waxay ka koobnayd madaxda qoysaska ugu taajirsan. Sida dadka kale ee ku hadla luuqadaha Bantu, madaxdan qabaa'ilka ayaa dooran jiray ''mwenye mui'' ama madax ku hadla afka dadka. Burtuqiisku waxay si khaldan ugu yeeri jireen dadkan &quot;Boqoro,&quot; iyagoo si khaldan u fahmay dabeecadda ururka siyaasadda Sawaaxiliga. ''Wazee'' waxay ku hadli jireen Sawaaxili iyo Carabi, waxayna sheegan jireen asal khuraafaad ah oo ka yimid Bariga, inta badan Faaris.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Vernet |first1=Thomas |title=Les Cites-Etats Swahili de L'Archipel de Lamu, 1585–1810 |date=2005 |publisher=Universite Paris I |location=Paris |pages=103–104}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ilaha ugu weyn ee barwaaqada Malindi waxay ahayd dhoofinta foolmaroodiga iyo geesaha wiyisha iyo sidoo kale dhoofinta alaabada beeraha sida qumbaha, liinta, masagada iyo bariiska.&lt;ref name=Martin1970/&gt; Sanadihii ka hor imaatinka Burtuqiiska, Malindi waxay ahayd awood goboleed laakiin waxay aad uga dambaysay labada dawladood ee ugu waaweyn, Mombasa iyo Kilwa. Markii, 1499, Burtuqiisku ay ka aasaaseen xarun ganacsi Malindi oo u adeegi jirtay goob nasasho oo ku socota oo ka imanaysa Hindiya, waxaa si weyn u soo dhaweeyay ''wazee'' oo doonayay inay isticmaalaan awoodda milatari ee Burtuqiiska si ay naftooda uga dhigaan kuwo ka sarreeya xafiiltankooda Mombasa. Sanadkii 1500, Boqor Dom [[Manuel I of Portugal|Manuel I]] wuxuu u soo bandhigay xaalad vassal Malindi. Malindi waxay taageertay dadaallada guuleystay ee Burtuqiiska ee ku aaddan qabsashada Kilwa iyo Mombasa 1505. Sanadkii 1502, [[Portuguese people|Burtuqiisku]] waxay ka aasaaseen [[Factory (trading post)|xarun]] Malindi, taas oo jirtay ilaa 1593.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://museums.or.ke/the-portuguese-chapel/|title=The Portuguese Chapel|website=National Museums of Kenya}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hoos u dhaca Kilwa iyo Mombasa ayaa horseeday in Malindi ay barwaaqowdo. Malindi waxay kortay markii Sawaaxili kale, iyo sidoo kale ganacsatada Carabta, Faaris, iyo Hindiya, farsamayaqaannada, badmaaxayaasha, iyo shaqaalaha ay u soo qulquleen magaalada cusub ee awoodda leh.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Vernet |first1=Thomas |title=Les Cites-Etats Swahili de L'Archipel de Lamu, 1585–1810 |date=2005 |publisher=Universite Paris I |location=Paris |pages=65–97}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Malindi waxay sii ahaan jirtay xarunta hawlaha Burtuqiiska ee bariga Afrika ilaa 1593, markii Burtuqiisku ay saldhiggooda ugu weyn u rareen Mombasa.&lt;ref&gt;Eric Axelson, ''Portuguese in South-East Africa 1488-1600'' (C. Struik Ltd. 1973), p. 188-197.&lt;/ref&gt; Tani waxay ahayd iyadoo la kaashanayo Segeju iyo Sheekhii Malindi. Sida xulufada ugu weyn ee Burtuqiiska ee Bariga Afrika ee ku teedsan xeebta Sawaaxiliga, Malindi waxay taageertay dadaallada guuleystay ee Burtuqiiska ee ku aaddan qabsashada Kilwa iyo Mombasa. Labada magaalo ee Sawaaxiliga badanaa waxay lahaayeen khilaafyo dhexdooda ah iyagoo u dagaallamaya inay u taliyaan ganacsiga. Dagaalkiisa milatari ee ka dhanka ah Mombasa, Sheekhii Malindi wuxuu la midoobay Burtuqiiska iyo Segeju si ay u qabsadaan magaalada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Pouwels |first1=Randall L. |last2=Ogot |first2=B. A. |date=October 1994 |title=General History of Africa. Volume 5, Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century. |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2168901 |journal=The American Historical Review |volume=99 |issue=4 |pages=1371 |doi=10.2307/2168901 |jstor=2168901 |issn=0002-8762|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 1592, Segeju waxay qabsadeen Mombasa, ugu dambayntiina waxay u dhiibeen Sheekhii Malindi. Sheekhu wuxuu markaas u raray maxkamaddiisa Malindi ilaa Mombasa wuxuuna xukumay 1593 ilaa 1630.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Berg |first=F. J. |date=January 1968 |title=The Swahili Community of Mombasa, 1500–1900 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700008343 |journal=The Journal of African History |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=35–56 |doi=10.1017/s0021853700008343 |s2cid=162622809 |issn=0021-8537|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waqtigan, wuxuu ku casuumay xulufadiisa, Burtuqiiska, inay dhistaan xarun milatari oo ay ka taliyaan magaalada.

[[File:Admiralty Chart No 667 Port Melinda (Malindi) detail.jpg|thumb|left|Admiralty Chart No 667 Port Melinda (Malindi) detail]]
Ka dib markii Burtuqiisku tageen, magaaladu waxay tartiib tartiib hoos ugu dhacday ilaa ay ku dhawaatay inay baaba'do dhamaadkii qarnigii 17-aad. Shaxdii 1823 ee [[Admiralty (United Kingdom)|Admiralty ee Boqortooyada Midowday]] ee 'Melinda' ayaa ku dhawaaqday in waqtigaas aysan jirin 'wax raad ah oo ka mid ah magaaladii mar quruxda badnayd ee Melinda' marka laga reebo [[Vasco da Gama Pillar, Malindi|Tiirka Vasco da Gama]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Admiralty_Chart_No_667_Port_Melinda_(Malindi)_detail.jpg 'Admiralty Chart No 667 Port Melinda (Malindi) detail']&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 1845, [[Johann Ludwig Krapf|Ludwig Krapf]] wuxuu soo booqday magaalada wuxuuna helay iyadoo ay qarisay dhirta oo aan cidina degnayn.&lt;ref name=Martin1970/&gt; [[Portuguese Chapel, Malindi|Kaniisad Burtuqiis ah]] oo leh xabaalo ayaa la dhisay ka hor 1542 markii [[Francis Xavier]] uu soo booqday magaalada.&lt;ref name=Martin1970/&gt; Guryo badan oo [[Swahili architecture|dhisme Sawaaxili ah]] ayaa badbaaday, oo ay ku jirto Masaajidka Juma.

[[File:Melinda in Melinda chart 1873.jpg|thumb|Qorshaha Malindi, Abriil 1873]]
Malindi waxaa dib u aasaasay [[Majid bin Said of Zanzibar|Suldaan Majid]] oo ka tirsan [[Zanzibar]] 1861 iyo ilaa dhamaadkii qarnigii 19-aad waxay u adeegtay sidii xarun ganacsiga addoonta. Qorshaha magaalada 1873 wuxuu muujinayaa aagga shaqada waqtigaas.&lt;ref&gt;[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Melinda_chart_1873.jpg Qorshaha Melinda (Malindi, Kenya), 29 Abriil 1873]&lt;/ref&gt; Sanadkii 1890, Malindi waxay timid maamulkii Ingiriiska iyo ganacsigii addoonta iyo addoonsigii waa la baabi'iyay. Ficilkani wuxuu horseeday hoos u dhac weyn oo ku yimid wax soo saarka beeraha. Marka laga reebo beeraha waxaa jiray warshado yar oo Malindi bilowgii qarnigii 20-aad; waxaa ka mid ahaa samaynta roogagga iyo boorsooyinka, burburinta miraha [[sesame|sisinta]] ee saliidda iyo soo saarista cabitaan Sawaaxili ah oo loo yaqaan tembo. Malindi waxaa si rasmi ah looga dhigay magaalo 1903. Toban sano ka dib dadkeedu waxay marayeen qiyaastii 1148 waxaana ku jiray 843 Afrikaan ah, 230 Carab ah, 67 Aasiyaan ah iyo 8 Yurubiyaan ah.&lt;ref name=Martin1970/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=de V. Allen |first=J. |date=1973 |editor-last=MARTIN |editor-first=ESMOND BRADLEY |title=A History of Malindi Invaders |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24520411 |journal=Transafrican Journal of History |volume=3 |issue=1/2 |pages=158–161 |jstor=24520411 |issn=0251-0391}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Image:Malindi town view.jpg|thumb|200px|Muuqaal magaaladii hore ee Malindi]]
Malindi waxay la kulantay kor u kac ganacsi intii u dhaxaysay dhamaadkii Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka iyo 1925, markii ay dhacday macaluul. Dhoofinta dekedaha shisheeye waxay korodhay ilaa £26,000 sannadkii 1924. Yurubiyaanka ayaa bilaabay inay ku soo noqdaan Malindi 1930-meeyadii, iyagoo ka iibsanaya dhul Carabta. Qaar ka mid ah sida [[Sydney Turing Barlow Lawford|Commander Lawford]] waxay fureen hudheelladii ugu horreeyay, kuwaas oo noqday aasaaska mustaqbalka warshadaha dalxiiska. Intii lagu jiray [[World War II|Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka]], Malindi waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah laba magaalo oo Bariga Afrika ah oo ay duqeeyeen Talyaanigu. Tani waxay dhacday 24 Oktoobar 1940, dhacdadan ka dibna ciidamada xulufada ayaa la dhigay magaalada ilaa dhamaadkii dagaalka. Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka ka dib Malindi waxay bilowday inay u korto sidii goob dalxiis.&lt;ref name=Martin1970/&gt; Markii [[Broglio Space Center]] furmay, [[Italian diaspora|qaxooti Talyaani ah]] ayaa bilaabay inay sameeyaan.&lt;ref name=bbc/&gt;

==Cimilada==
Malindi waxay leedahay [[Tropical savanna climate|cimilada kuleylaha ee saxaraha qalalan]] ([[Köppen climate classification|kala soocidda cimilada Köppen]] ''As'').
{{Weather box
|location = Malindi (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1892–present)
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|Jan record high C = 34.0
|Feb record high C = 34.0
|Mar record high C = 34.5
|Apr record high C = 39.0
|May record high C = 32.2
|Jun record high C = 30.5
|Jul record high C = 30.8
|Aug record high C = 29.8
|Sep record high C = 32.0
|Oct record high C = 32.0
|Nov record high C = 34.1
|Dec record high C = 33.0
|year record high C = 39.0
|Jan high C = 31.0
|Feb high C = 31.4
|Mar high C = 32.3
|Apr high C = 31.7
|May high C = 29.4
|Jun high C = 28.5
|Jul high C = 27.8
|Aug high C = 27.9
|Sep high C = 28.6
|Oct high C = 29.8
|Nov high C = 30.7
|Dec high C = 31.3
|year high C = 
|Jan mean C = 27.9
|Feb mean C = 28.2
|Mar mean C = 29.0
|Apr mean C = 28.6
|May mean C = 26.9
|Jun mean C = 26.2
|Jul mean C = 25.5
|Aug mean C = 25.4
|Sep mean C = 26.0
|Oct mean C = 27.0
|Nov mean C = 27.8
|Dec mean C = 28.2
| year mean C = 
|Jan low C = 24.5
|Feb low C = 24.5
|Mar low C = 25.4
|Apr low C = 25.4
|May low C = 24.3
|Jun low C = 23.8
|Jul low C = 22.9
|Aug low C = 22.8
|Sep low C = 22.9
|Oct low C = 23.5
|Nov low C = 24.2
|Dec low C = 24.6
|year low C = 
|Jan record low C = 20.0
|Feb record low C = 19.6
|Mar record low C = 21.0
|Apr record low C = 20.8
|May record low C = 21.0
|Jun record low C = 19.5
|Jul record low C = 18.6
|Aug record low C = 17.0
|Sep record low C = 17.2
|Oct record low C = 19.0
|Nov record low C = 19.0
|Dec record low C = 21.0
|year record low C = 17.0
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 11
|Feb precipitation mm = 17
|Mar precipitation mm = 36
|Apr precipitation mm = 163
|May precipitation mm = 298
|Jun precipitation mm = 154
|Jul precipitation mm = 91
|Aug precipitation mm = 64
|Sep precipitation mm = 47
|Oct precipitation mm = 68
|Nov precipitation mm = 75
|Dec precipitation mm = 35
|year precipitation mm = 1059
|Jan precipitation days = 2
|Feb precipitation days = 2
|Mar precipitation days = 3
|Apr precipitation days = 11
|May precipitation days = 17
|Jun precipitation days = 12
|Jul precipitation days = 12
|Aug precipitation days = 9
|Sep precipitation days = 7
|Oct precipitation days = 6
|Nov precipitation days = 6
|Dec precipitation days = 3
|year precipitation days = 90
|source 1 = [[World Meteorological Organization]]&lt;ref name = WMO &gt;{{cite web
| url = http://worldweather.wmo.int/en/city.html?cityId=1798
| title = World Weather Information Service – Malindi
| publisher = World Meteorological Organization
| access-date = 31 August 2016
| archive-date = 15 September 2016
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160915062827/http://worldweather.wmo.int/en/city.html?cityId=1798
| url-status = live
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|source 2 = Meteo Climat&lt;ref name = meteoclimat&gt;{{cite web 
| url = http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&amp;id=1766 
| title = Station Malindi 
| publisher = Meteo Climat 
| language = fr 
| access-date = 31 August 2016 
| archive-date = 10 May 2017 
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170510071342/http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&amp;id=1766 
| url-status = live 
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

==Maamulka maxalliga ah ==
Malindi hadda waxay ku jirtaa [[Kilifi County|Ismaamulka Kilifi]] sida uu dhigayo isbeddelada maamulka ee dastuurka cusub ee la ansixiyay Agoosto 2010. Malindi waxay samaysaa gole degmo oo leh saddex iyo toban xaafadood: Barani, Ganda/Mkaumoto, [[Gede, Kenya|Gede]], Gede North, Gede South, Kijiwetanga, Madunguni, Malimo, Malindi Central, Malindi North, Maweni, Shella, iyo [[Watamu|Watamu Town]]. Dhammaantood waxay ku yaalaan [[Malindi Constituency|Degmada Doorashada Malindi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;pollingcentres&quot;&gt;[http://www.eck.or.ke/downloads/pollingcentres.pdf Polling Centres in Kenya] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eck.or.ke/downloads/pollingcentres.pdf |date=20070628084749 }} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070628084749/http://www.eck.or.ke/downloads/pollingcentres.pdf |date=28 June 2007 }}. Electoral Commission of Kenya.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sawiro==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:House of Columns Malindi.jpg|Hore ee &quot;Guriga Tiirarka&quot;
File:Robinson Island Kenya.jpg|Agagaarka Jasiiradda Robinson waqooyiga Malindi
File:Sun rise Malindi.jpg|Qorrax ka soo baxa Badweynta Hindiya ee Malindi
File:Colours of the sea.jpg|Xeeb u dhow Malindi
Malindi.jpg|Doonyaha qorrax dhaca ee Malindi
[[File:Malindi Nightlife as captured on aerial photography.jpg|thumb|alt=Malindi Kenya as captured by Malindians.com|Nolosha habeenkii ee Malindi sida ay sawireen sawirrada hawada]]
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Dhaqanka caanka ah==
Sheekada ''&quot;MALI D'AFRICA&quot;'' (ee Sara Cardelli) waxay sharxaysaa jacayl aan suurtogal ahayn oo ka dhacay Malindi.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.malindikenya.net/en/articles/words/books/the-impossible-love-in-the-italian-malindi.html   Jacayl aan suurtogal ahayn oo ka dhacay Malindi ee Talyaaniga] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201106213501/http://www.malindikenya.net/en/articles/words/books/the-impossible-love-in-the-italian-malindi.html |date=6 November 2020 }} —  ku saabsan sheekada Sara Cardelli, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

Inta badan dhacdooyinka [[Andrei Gusev]]'s sheekooyinka ''Once in Malindi'' (2021)&lt;ref&gt;[https://proza.ru/2020/08/15/2 ''&quot;Once in Malindi&quot;''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016190338/https://proza.ru/2020/08/15/2 |date=16 October 2020 }} —  on  Proza.ru, 2021 {{in lang|ru}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo ''Our Wild Sex in Malindi'' (2020)&lt;ref&gt;[http://Gusev.webs.com/Malindi.htm &quot;Our Wild Sex in Malindi&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://Gusev.webs.com/Malindi.htm |date=20201009210533 }} {{Wayback|url=http://gusev.webs.com/Malindi.htm |date=20201009210533 }} ee [[Andrei Gusev]], 2020 {{in lang|ru}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009210533/https://gusev.webs.com/Malindi.htm |date=9 October 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt; waxay ka dhacaan Malindi, [[Watamu]], ama [[Lamu]]. Sheekooyinku waxay sharxayaan nolosha jilayaasha (qoraa Ruush ah Andy iyo xaaskiisa Jennifer, oo ku dhalatay Kenya) magaalooyinkan 2010-meeyadii.&lt;ref&gt;[http://mliterature.narod.ru/In_Malindi.htm  Dib u eegista ''&quot;Our Wild Sex in Malindi&quot;''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804031310/http://mliterature.narod.ru/In_Malindi.htm |date=4 August 2020 }} —  on  the site of public fund &quot;Union of writers of Moscow&quot;, 2020 {{in lang|ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://mliterature.narod.ru/Old_Novelist.htm  Dib u eegista ''&quot;Once in Malindi&quot;''] on  the site of public fund &quot;Union of writers of Moscow&quot;, 2021 {{in lang|ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Heesta ''&quot;Yasoi Malindi&quot;'' waxaa qoray Yasoy Kala Kana oo ku saabsan magaalada.&lt;ref&gt;[https://music.yandex.ru/album/3004276 ''Ndukanoe – Yasoi Malindi''] {{Wayback|url=https://music.yandex.ru/album/3004276 |date=20260624161150 }} ee Yasoy Kala Kana, 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Sidoo kale eeg==
*[[List of Swahili settlements of the East African coast|Degsiimooyinkii Taariikhiga ahaa ee Sawaaxiliga]]
*[[Swahili architecture|Dhismaha Sawaaxiliga]]
*[[Vasco da Gama Pillar, Malindi|Tiirka Vasco da Gama]]
*[[Portuguese Chapel, Malindi|Kaniisadda Burtuqiiska]]
*[[House of Columns, Malindi|Guriga Tiirarka]]
*[[Malindi Kingdom|Boqortooyadii Malindi]]
*[[Sinking of the Christiana Hama|Degitaankii 'Christiana Hama']]

==Tixraacyo==
{{reflist}}

== Xiriirinta dibadda ==
{{commons category|Malindi}}
{{wikivoyage|Malindi}}
* [http://www.malindimunicipal.org Websaydhka Golaha Degmada Malindi]
* [http://malindirugby.blogspot.com Websaydhka Malindi RFC]
*[https://malindians.com Xarunta Macluumaadka Dalxiiska ee Malindi Kenya]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Shirkadda Tuniisiya ee Maraakiibta</title>
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      <text bytes="6586" sha1="4tkzjhzzsgdqs7g99pbwmmmhztanerp" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox company
| name                = Shirkadda Navigation-ka ee Tunisia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;big&gt;الشركة التونسية للملاحة&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;(CTN)
| logo                = 
| logo_size           = 100px
| caption             =
| type                = 
| genre               = 
| fate                = 
| predecessor         = 
| successor           = 
| founded             = 1959
| founder             = 
| defunct             = 
| hq_location_city    = [[Tunis]]
| hq_location_country = [[Tunisia]]
| hq_location         = 
| num_locations       = 
| area_served         = [[Badda Dhexe]]
| key_people          = 
| industry            = Maraakiibta
| products            = 
| services            = Gaadiidka rakaabka&lt;br&gt;Gaadiidka xamuulka
| revenue             = 
| operating_income    = 
| net_income          = 
| aum                 = 
| assets              = 
| equity              = 
| owner               = 
| num_employees       = 
| parent              = 
| divisions           = 
| subsidiaries        = 
| website             = {{URL|http://www.ctn.com.tn}}
| footnotes           =  
}}
[[File:Cotunav ferry MF Amilcar &amp; MSC Esha.jpg|thumb|Markab xamuul ah oo COTUNAV ah ''Amilcar'' oo ku sugan dekedda [[Tunis]], 2012]]
[[File:Traghetto Tanit in navigazione verso il porto di Genova - settembre 2019.jpg|thumb|Markabka rakaabka ee Tanit oo u sii jeeda dekedda [[Genoa]].]]

'''Compagnie Tunisienne de Navigation''' ('''CTN''' ama COTUNAV) waa khad [[maraakiib]] oo [[Tunisia]] ah, kaas oo bixiya xiriiro joogto ah oo [[maraakiibta rakaabka]] ah oo u dhexeeya Tunisia iyo dekedaha [[Marseille-Fos Port|Marseille]] iyo [[Port of Genoa|Genoa]], iyo sidoo kale gaadiidka [[xamuulka]] ee u socda [[Port of Barcelona|Barcelona]] iyo [[Port of Livorno|Livorno]]. Waxaa si buuxda iska leh dawladda Tunisia waxaana kormeer ku haya [[Wasaaradda Gaadiidka (Tunisia)|Wasaaradda Gaadiidka]].

Waxaa la aasaasay 7 Maarso 1959, waxay markii hore diiradda saartay horumarinta xiriirada maraakiibta ee joogtada ah ee u dhexeeya Tunisia iyo la-hawlgalayaasheeda ganacsi ee ugu waaweyn, iyadoo asal ahaan u adeegaysay oo keliya Marseille iyo Rouen. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dadaalkii lagu kala duwanaysanayay ganacsiga dibadda ee Tunisia, waxay si degdeg ah u ballaarisay shabakadeeda waddooyinka si ay ugu darto dekedaha [[Talyaaniga|Italy]], [[Spain]], [[Jarmalka|Germany]] iyo waddamada [[Benelux]].

1970-yadii, CTN waxay ballaarisay joogitaankeeda gaadiidka saliidda cayriin, alaabta batroolka iyo cuntooyinka. Iyadoo la bilaabay 1978-kii markabka rakaabka ee ''Habib'', oo bixiya adeeg u dhexeeya Tunis, Marseille iyo Genoa, waxay sidoo kale kordhisay ka-qaybgalkeeda gaadiidka rakaabka. CTN waxay ballaarisay maraakiibteeda iyadoo iibsatay maraakiibta xamuulka badan ee ''Moularès'' iyo ''S’hib'' sannadihii 1976–77 iyo ''El-Kef'' 1982.

Iyada oo u gudubtay adeegga [[roll-on/roll-off]], CTN waxay u jeesatay cusboonaysiinta maraakiibteeda, iyadoo heshay ''El-Jem'' iyo ''Tozeur'' 1977, iyo ''Bizerte'' iyo ''Kairouan'' 1979. Xagaagii 1990, 1991 iyo 1992 CTN waxay sidoo kale kiraysatay markabka [[Turbo-electric transmission|turbo-electric]] ee ''[[TEV Rangatira (1971)|Carlo R]]'' oo ka tirsan shirkadda [[Sicily|Sicilian]] ee Alimar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nzmaritime.co.nz/r4.htm |last=Castell |first=Marcus |title=The Turbo Electric Vessel Rangatira of 1971 |publisher=The New Zealand Maritime Record |date=2003–2005 |accessdate=29 May 2013 |archive-date=14 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130914030656/http://www.nzmaritime.co.nz/r4.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Iyadoo lagu qasbay inay dib u qiimayso hawlaheeda iyada oo la tixraacayo isbeddelladii dhawaa ee dunida badda, CTN waxay si tartiib tartiib ah u iibisay maraakiibteedii hore si ay diiradda u saarto ganacsigeeda ugu muhiimsan. Waxay si tartiib tartiib ah u cusboonaysiinaysaa maraakiibteeda iyadoo la bilaabay laba markab oo waaweyn oo ro-ro ah oo leh 18,000 tan: ''Ulysse'' iyo ''Salammbô 7''. Juun 1999, markabkii cusbaa ee khadka ee [[Norway|Norwegian]]-ka la dhisay ee ''Carthage'' ayaa hawlgalkiisu billowday. Awood u leh inay qaado 2,208 rakaab ah iyo 666 baabuur, oo leh xawaare dhan {{convert|23.5|kn|km/h|lk=on}}, waxay sameysaa safarro toddobaadle ah oo u dhexeeya Tunis iyo Marseille iyo Tunis iyo Genoa.

2012, CTN waxay heshay markabka cusub ee rakaabka ''Tanit'' oo ay dhistay [[DSME]]. Awood u leh inay qaado 3,200 rakaab ah iyo 1,060 baabuur, oo leh xawaare dhan {{convert|27.5|kn|km/h|lk=on}}. Natiijo ahaan ku-darkan, ''Habib'' iyo ''El-Kef'' ayaa laga saaray adeegga 2013.

==Maraakiibta==
CTN waxay ku shaqaysaa xirmo lix markab ah oo ka kooban afar RORO iyo laba markab oo ROPAX ah. Marka laga reebo maraakiibteeda, CTN hadda waxay kiraysataa laba markab oo RORO ah. 

===Maraakiibta hadda===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;
|+
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;130pt&quot;| Magaca
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;80pt&quot;| La dhisay
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;80pt&quot;| Adeegga billaabay
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;80pt&quot;| Tonnage
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;270pt&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Macluumaad 
|-
| ''Amilcar'' ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 2000 || align=&quot;Center&quot; | 2010 || align=&quot;Center&quot; | {{GT|22,900}} ||
|-
| ''Carthage'' || align=&quot;Center&quot; | 1999 || align=&quot;Center&quot; | 1999 || align=&quot;Center&quot; | {{GT|32,298}} ||
|-
| ''Elyssa'' ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 2000 ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 2010 || align=&quot;Center&quot; | {{GT|22,900}}||
|-
| ''Tanit'' ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 2012 ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 2012 || align=&quot;Center&quot; | {{GT|52 645}}||
|-
| ''Salammbo 7'' ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 1997 ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 1997 || align=&quot;Center&quot; | {{GT|17,907}} ||
|-
| ''Ulysse'' ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 1997 ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 1997 || align=&quot;Center&quot; | {{GT|17,907}}||
|-
| ''Leevsten'' ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 2019 ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 2020 || align=&quot;Center&quot; | {{GT|32,887}}||La kiraystay tan iyo 2020.
|-
| ''Stena Shipper'' ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 2012 ||align=&quot;Center&quot; | 2022 || align=&quot;Center&quot; | {{GT|29,429}}||La kiraystay tan iyo 2022.
|-
|''Kraftca''
| align=&quot;Center&quot; |2006
| align=&quot;Center&quot; |2025
| align=&quot;Center&quot; |{{GT|28,289}}
|La kiraystay tan iyo 2025.
|}

==Tixraacyo==
{{commons category|Compagnie Tunisienne de Navigation}}
;Qoraalo
{{reflist}}
;Bibliography
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131231051449/http://www.ctn.com.tn/tanit.php Bogga hore ee CTN]
*''Maqaalkani waa [[turjumad]] ka timid maqaalka u dhigma ee [[Wikipedia-da Faransiiska]]''

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140513235623/http://www.altiusdirectory.com/Travel/list-of-shipping-companies-tunisia.html Shirkadaha Maraakiibta ee Tunisia]

{{authority control}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Algérie Ferries</title>
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      <text bytes="7652" sha1="r18f68zkxfbs3n7uh3s2hzcowfivow0" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox company
| name                = Algérie Ferries
| logo                = 
| logo_size           = 200px
| caption             =
| type                = 
| genre               = 
| fate                = 
| predecessor         = 
| successor           = 
| founded             = 1987
| founder             = 
| defunct             = 
| hq_location_city    = [[Algiers]]
| hq_location_country = [[Aljeeriya]]
| hq_location         = 
| num_locations       = 
| area_served         = [[Badda Dhexe]]
| key_people          = 
| industry            = Maraakiibta
| products            = 
| services            = Gaadiidka rakaabka&lt;br&gt;Gaadiidka xamuulka
| revenue             = 
| operating_income    = 
| net_income          = 
| aum                 = 
| assets              = 
| equity              = 
| owner               = 
| num_employees       = 
| parent              = 
| divisions           = 
| subsidiaries        = 
| website             = {{URL|http://algerieferries.dz}}
| footnotes           =  
}}
'''Algérie Ferries''' ({{langx|ar|النقل البحري الجزائري}}) ama Entreprise Nationale de Transport Maritime de Voyageurs (ENTMV) ({{langx|ar|المؤسسة الوطنية للنقل البحري للمسافرين}}) waa shirkad maraakiibta oo ay leedahay dowladda Aljeeriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Algérie Ferries is looking for a new ferry|url=http://www.ship2shore.it/en/shipping/algerie-ferries-is-looking-for-a-new-ferry_48517.htm|publisher=Ship2Shore|accessdate=13 September 2014|date=12 December 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=NAVANTIA starts the works of repairing and modernization of the first ship for the Algerian Navy|url=http://www.navantia.es/noticia.php?id_noti=228|publisher=Navantia|accessdate=13 September 2014|date=15 November 2012|archive-date=21 Bisha Sagaalaad 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921010541/http://www.navantia.es/noticia.php?id_noti=228|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shirkaddu waxay maamushaa adeegyada rakaabka iyo xamuulka ee u dhexeeya [[Aljeeriya]], [[Faransiiska]] iyo [[Isbayn]].

==Jidadka==
Algérie Ferries waxay ka hawlgashaa sideed waddo oo ku baahsan Badda Dhexe.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=International ferries|url=http://www.travellerspoint.com/guide/International_ferries/|publisher=Travellers' Point|accessdate=13 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

*[[Oran]] - [[Alicante]]
*[[Oran]] - [[Marseille]]
*[[Algiers]] - [[Alicante]]
*[[Algiers]] - [[Barcelona]]
*[[Algiers]] - [[Marseille]]
*[[Béjaïa]] - [[Marseille]]
*[[Skikda]] - [[Marseille]]
*[[Annaba]] - [[Marseille]]

==Maraakiibta==
Algérie Ferries waxay maamushaa shan maraakiib oo rakaab ah / baabuur ah:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Micke Asklander|accessdate=10 September 2011|title=Fakta om fartyg - Algérie Ferries|url=http://www.faktaomfartyg.se/algerie_ferries.htm|archive-date=16 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161216025102/http://www.faktaomfartyg.se/algerie_ferries.htm|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Markabka
!Calanka
!Adeegga uu galay
!Markabka uu galay
!Dhererka (m)
!Ballaca (m)
!Tonnage
!Rakaabka
!Xawaaraha adeegga
!Qoraalo
|-
|Tariq Ibn Ziyad
|{{Flag|Aljeeriya}}
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |1995
|153,3
|25,2
|{{GT|21,659}}
|1,276
|21 guntin
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Tariq Ibn Ziyad - Algerie Ferries|url=https://algerieferries.dz/tariq-ibn-ziyad|access-date=2021-08-29|website=algerieferries.dz|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829200531/https://algerieferries.dz/tariq-ibn-ziyad|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Tassili II
|{{Flag|Aljeeriya}}
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |2004
|146,6
|24
|{{GT|20,124}}
|1,320
|23.5 guntin
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=TASSILI II (Passenger Ship) Registered in Algeria|url=https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais/details/ships/shipid:744379/mmsi:605046150/imo:9265419/vessel:TASSILI_II|url-status=live|access-date=2021-08-29|website=www.marinetraffic.com|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829200532/https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais/details/ships/shipid:744379/mmsi:605046150/imo:9265419/vessel:TASSILI_II |archive-date=2021-08-29 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|El Djazair II
|{{Flag|Aljeeriya}}
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |2005
|146,6
|24
|{{GT| 20,124}}
|1,320
|23.5 guntin
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=El Djazair II - Algerie Ferries|url=https://algerieferries.dz/index.php/el-djazair-ii|access-date=2021-08-29|website=algerieferries.dz}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Todobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Badji-Mokhtar III
|{{Flag|Aljeeriya}}
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |2021
|200
|30
|{{GT|49,785}}
|1,800
|24 guntin
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=BADJI MOKHTAR III, Passenger/Ro-Ro Cargo Ship|url=https://www.vesselfinder.com/vessels/BADJI-MOKHTAR-III-IMO-9827889-MMSI-605016420|url-status=dead|access-date=2021-08-29|website=www.vesselfinder.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829205320/https://www.vesselfinder.com/vessels/BADJI-MOKHTAR-III-IMO-9827889-MMSI-605016420|archive-date=2021-08-29 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

==Fadeexad==
2 Juun 2022, maamulaha guud Kamel Issad ayaa laga eryay xilkiisa sababtoo ah &quot;dabeecaddiisa oo wiiqday sumcadda Aljeeriya kana soo horjeeday danaha muwaadiniinta&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aps.dz/algerie/140608-fins-de-fonctions-pour-le-pdg-de-l-entmv-et-de-son-chef-d-escale-a-alger Fins de fonctions pour le PDG de l'ENTMV et de son Chef d'escale à Alger], site aps.dz, 2 juin 2022.&lt;/ref&gt;

19 Janaayo 2023, Kamel Issad ayaa lagu xukumay lix sano oo xarig ah maamul xumo iyo dayactir la'aan maraakiibta shirkadda.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aps.dz/algerie/150416-justice-l-ex-pdg-de-l-entmv-condamne-a-6-ans-de-prison-ferme Justice: l'ex PDG de l'ENTMV condamné à 6 ans de prison ferme], site aps.dz, 19 janvier 2023.&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa la xiray dhowr maalmood ka dib markii la eryay Juun 2022 eedeymo la xiriira &quot;musuqmaasuq lacagaha dadweynaha, xadgudub awoodeed, iyo taajirnimo sharci darro ah.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|access-date=2023-01-20|language=fr-FR|title=Six ans de prison ferme pour l’ancien PDG d’Algérie Ferries – Jeune Afrique|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1410759/politique/six-ans-de-prison-ferme-pour-lancien-pdg-dalgerie-ferries/|website=JeuneAfrique.com}}&lt;!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Agaasimayaal kale oo hore ayaa sidoo kale lagu xukumay kiiskan. Agaasimihii hore ee ganacsiga Karim Bouzenad wuxuu helay xukun shan sano oo xarig ah. Hamouche Aghiles iyo Oufar Malika, oo labaduba baxsad ah, ayaa midkiiba lagu xukumay toban sano oo xarig ah waxaana lagu soo rogay waaran caalami ah oo lagu soo qabanayo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-06-17 |title=Algérie Ferries : Les traversées Oran- Alicante suspendues - Journal communautaire algérien |url=https://www.djaliadz.com/algerie-ferries-les-traversees-oran/ |access-date=2023-06-19 |language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

28 Maajo 2023, Maxkamadda Algiers waxay xaqiijisay xukunnadii lagu riday xukunka koowaad ee kiiska ENTMV. Kamel Issad waxaa lagu xukumay lix sano oo xarig ah, Karim Bouzenad, agaasimihii hore ee ganacsiga, shan sano oo xarig ah, iyo Fatma Laimchi, oo mas'uul ka ah nidaamyada macluumaadka, hal sano oo xarig ah oo ganaax leh. Eedeymaha waxaa ka mid ahaa musuqmaasuq lacagaha dadweynaha, xadgudub awoodeed, iyo taajirnimo sharci darro ah. Kamel Eddalia iyo Cherifi Ikbal ayaa la siidaayay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|language=fr|title=Affaire ENTMV: les peines prononcées en première instance confirmées|url=https://www.aps.dz/algerie/156256-affaire-entmv-la-cour-d-alger-confirme-les-peines-de-premiere-instance-a-l-encontre-des-accuses|website=Algérie Presse Service}}&lt;!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Algerie Ferries}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Beerta Qaranka ee Biyo dhaca Murchison</title>
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      <text bytes="8802" sha1="c3hqekemltz5tk9rfb5lvudcy337jcd" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox protected area
| name = Beerta Qaranka ee Murchison Falls
| alt_name = Beerta Qaranka ee Kabalega
| iucn_category = II
| image = Murchison_Falls_-_by_Boschlech.jpg
| image_caption = [[Murchison Falls]]
| location = [[Uganda]]
| nearest_city = [[Masindi]]
| coordinates = {{coord|02|11|15|N|31|46|53|E|region:UG_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}}
| map=
| map_caption = Goobta Beerta Qaranka ee Murchison Falls
| area_km2 = 3893
| established = 1952
| visitation_num = 
| visitation_year = 
| governing_body = [[Ugandan Wildlife Authority|Maamulka Duurjoogta Uganda]]
| module = {{Designation list
| embed = yes
| designation1 = Ramsar
| designation1_offname = Nidaamka Dhiiqada ee Murchison Falls-Albert Delta
| designation1_date = 15 Sebtembar 2006
| designation1_number = 1640&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nidaamka Dhiiqada ee Murchison Falls-Albert Delta|website=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar]] Sites Information Service|url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1640|access-date=25 April 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
}}
'''Beerta Qaranka ee Murchison Falls''' waa [[national park|beerta qaran]] oo ku taal [[Uganda]] oo uu maamulo [[Ugandan Wildlife Authority|Maamulka Duurjoogta Uganda]]. Waxay ku taal waqooyi-galbeed ee Uganda, waxayna ku fidsan tahay gudaha laga bilaabo xeebaha [[Lake Albert (Africa)|Harada Albert]] ilaa [[Victoria Nile]] ilaa [[Karuma Falls]].

Iyadoo ay weheliso {{cvt|748|km2}} oo ah [[Bugungu Wildlife Reserve|Kaydka Duurjoogta ee Bugungu]] iyo {{cvt|720|km2}} oo ah [[Karuma Wildlife Reserve|Kaydka Duurjoogta ee Karuma]], beertu waxay samaysaa Aagga Ilaalinta ee Murchison Falls.&lt;ref name=&quot;About&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandawildlife.org/explore-our-parks/parks-by-name-a-z/murchison-falls-national-park |title=Ku saabsan Beerta Qaranka ee Murchison Falls |access-date=3 November 2016 |date=2016 |publisher=Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) |location=Kampala |archive-date=1 Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161101071508/http://ugandawildlife.org/explore-our-parks/parks-by-name-a-z/murchison-falls-national-park |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Goobta==
[[File:Crocodile along River Nile in Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda 01.jpg|thumb|Yaxaas ku sugan Webiga Niil ee Beerta Qaranka ee Murchison Falls]]

Beertu waxay ku taal degmooyinka Uganda ee [[Buliisa District|Buliisa]], [[Nwoya District|Nwoya]], [[Kiryandongo District|Kiryandongo]], iyo [[Masindi District|Masindi]].{{citation needed|date=Diseembar 2025}}

== Taariikhda ==
Sahamiyayaashii [[John Speke]] iyo [[James Augustus Grant|James Grant]] waxay ahaayeen reer Yurubkii ugu horreeyay ee booqda MFCA maanta ee 1862. Waxaa si aad ah u sahamiyay Samuel iyo [[Florence Baker]] intii u dhaxaysay 1863–4. Baker wuxuu u bixiyay harada [[Murchison Falls]] magaca juqraafi-yaqaankii [[Roderick Murchison]], oo ahaa madaxweynihii Royal Geographical Society.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=Baker, Sir Samuel White (1821–1893) | author=Ofcansky, T. P. |publisher=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press |date=2004 | url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/1/101001135 |access-date=3 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Intii u dhaxaysay 1907 iyo 1912, dadka ku nool aag ku dhow {{cvt|13000|km2}} ayaa laga daadgureeyay sababo la xiriira [[African trypanosomiasis|cudurka hurdada]] oo ay faafiyeen duqsiga tsetse. Sannadkii 1910, Bunyoro Game Reserve waxaa la abuuray koonfurta [[River Nile|Webiga Niil]]. Aaggaas wuxuu qiyaastii u dhigmaa qaybta MFNP ee ku taal [[district|degmooyinka]] [[Buliisa District|Buliisa]], [[Buliisa District|Masindi]], iyo [[Kiryandongo District|Kiryandongo]]. Sannadkii 1928, xuduudaha waxaa loo kordhiyay waqooyiga webiga ilaa [[Nwoya District|Degmada Nwoya]] ee casriga ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;About&quot;/&gt;

Sannadkii 1952, maamulkii Ingiriiska wuxuu aasaasay Xeerka [[National park|Beeraha Qaranka]] ee [[Uganda]]. Aagga kor ku xusan wuxuu noqday Beerta Qaranka ee Murchison Falls.&lt;ref name=&quot;About&quot;/&gt;

Sannadkii 1972 [[Second Republic of Uganda|kalitaliskii milatariga ee Idi Amin]] wuxuu u beddelay magaca beerta Kabalega National Park qayb ka mid ah ololeheeda [[Africanization|Afrikaan-yaynta]], iyadoo lagu sharfayo [[Kabalega of Bunyoro|Chwa II Kabalega]] ee [[Bunyoro]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2017-11-25 |title=Amin wuxuu u beddelay harooyinka, waddooyinka iyo buurta si uu u 'decolonise' Uganda |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/amin-renames-lakes-roads-and-mountain-to-decolonise-uganda-1727874 |access-date=2026-03-23 |work=[[Daily Monitor]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Magacu wuxuu markii dambe ku noqday Murchison.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Visual redress in Africa from indigenous and new materialist perspectives |date=2023 |publisher=Routledge, Taylor &amp; Francis Group |isbn=978-1-032-36853-5 |editor-last=Costandius |editor-first=Elmarie |series=Routledge research in art and politics |location=New York; London |pages=260 |editor-last2=Villiers |editor-first2=Gera de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Murchison falls National Park.2.jpg|thumb|Beerta Qaranka ee Murchison Falls]]

==Guudmar==
Beerta Qaranka ee Murchison Falls waa beerta qaran ee ugu weyn Uganda oo qiyaastii ah {{cvt|3893|km2}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;About&quot;/&gt; Beerta waxaa kala qaybiya [[Victoria Nile]] oo ka yimaada bari ilaa galbeed masaafad dhan {{cvt|115|km}}.{{citation needed|date=Diseembar 2025}}
Beertu waa goobta [[Murchison Falls]], halkaas oo biyaha [[Nile|Niil]] ay ku qulqulaan god cidhiidhi ah oo keliya {{cvt|7|m|ft}} ballac ah ka hor inta aysan hoos u dhicin {{cvt|43|m}}.{{citation needed|date=Diseembar 2025}}

Waxa ku xiga waddada weyn ee Masindi-Gulu waa [[Karuma Falls]], goobta 600 megawatt [[Karuma Power Station|Xarunta Korontada ee Karuma]], taas oo ah xarunta korontada ee ugu weyn Uganda tan iyo markii ay shaqaysay 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Karuma Heralds Ea of Abundant Power |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/-/2558/640204/-/r0mwwrz/-/index.html |access-date=3 November 2016 | date=2009 |last=Nakkazi |first=E. |newspaper=[[The EastAfrican]] |location=Nairobi}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| work=Xinhua.net |date=22 August 2023 | url=http://english.news.cn/20230822/feb0029ef9e34a7d8dc0d7b0ed1cbb91/c.html |title=Warshad koronto oo ay dhistay Shiinaha oo ku taal Uganda ayaa bilaawday qaybta afraad ee marawaxadaha, iyadoo ku sii dhowaanaysa dhammaystirka |author=Xinhua |access-date=12 December 2023 |location=Beijing, Jamhuuriyadda Dadka ee Shiinaha}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2022, [[East African Crude Oil Pipeline|Dhuumaha Saliidda Ceeriin ee Bariga Afrika]] ee la dhisayo waxaa ka mid ah dhismaha 10 goobood oo saliidda laga soo saaro, dhuun quudinta, iyo warshad sifeynta oo ku dhex taal iyo hareeraha Beerta Qaranka ee Murchison Falls.&lt;ref name=&quot;oil&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |author=Bradstock, F. |date=2022 |title=Dawladaha Bariga Afrika oo isku dhacayay dadka deegaanka oo ka soo horjeeday dhuumaha saliidda cusub |url=https://oilprice.com/Energy/Crude-Oil/East-African-Governments-Clash-With-Environmentalists-Over-New-Oil-Pipeline.html |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=OilPrice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Duurjoogta==
Tan iyo 2005, aagga la ilaaliyo waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay tahay Cutubka Ilaalinta [[Lion|Libaaxa]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=IUCN Cat Specialist Group |year=2006 |title= Istaraatiijiyadda Ilaalinta Libaaxa ''Panthera leo'' ee Bariga iyo Koonfurta Afrika |publisher=IUCN |location=Pretoria, Koonfur Afrika}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Sannadkii 2010, waxaa lagu qiyaasay in kaliya 250 oo geri ah ay ku jireen beerta. Dad gaaraya 37 oo [[Rothschild's giraffe|geri Rothschild]] ah ayaa laga soo wareejiyay dhinaca waqooyi ee Webiga Niil ilaa dhinaca koonfureed sannadkii 2016 iyo 2017, markaas oo tirada dadku ay ahayd qiyaastii 1,500.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Ilaalinta Geriga Nubian ee Uganda |url=https://giraffeconservation.org/programmes/uganda-programme/ |website=Giraffe Conservation Foundation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920235013/https://giraffeconservation.org/programmes/uganda-programme/ |archive-date=20 September 2020 |date=23 February 2016 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Beerta Qaranka ee Murchison Falls iyo [[Budongo Forest Reserve|Kaydka Kaynta ee Budongo]] ee ku xiga waxay hoy u yihiin 76 nooc oo naasley ah sida [[chimpanzee|chimpanzees]] iyo sidoo kale dadka ugu badan ee [[Nile crocodile|yaxaaska Niil]] ee [[Uganda|Uganda]]. Waxaa jira 450 nooc oo shimbir ah oo la yaqaan oo ay ku jiraan [[shoe-billed stork]], [[dwarf kingfisher]], [[Goliath heron]], [[white-thighed hornbill]] iyo [[great blue turaco]].{{citation needed|date=Agoosto 2024}}

==Tixraacyo==
{{reflist}}

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
{{commons category|Murchison Falls National Park}}
*{{cite web |url=http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/7060 |author=BirdLife International |title=Warqadda xaqiiqada ee Aagagga Shimbiraha ee Muhiimka ah: Beerta Qaranka ee Murchison Falls}}

{{authority control}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Kaydka Kaymaha ee Sare ee Orashi</title>
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      <text bytes="5585" sha1="s2zlcoufzjfpqng57jpsr5m4aqml7mi" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox protected area
| name = Upper Urashi Forest Reserve
| iucn_category = VI
| image = 
| image_caption = 
| image_size =
| location = [[Ahoada West]], [[Rivers State, Nigeria]]
| coordinates = {{coord|4|53|24|N|6|30|36|E|region:NG-RI|display=inline, title}}
| area_ha = 25165
| established = 30 Disembar 1899
| visitation_num = 
| visitation_year = 
| governing_body = [[Rivers State Ministry of Agriculture]]
| module = {{Designation list
 | embed = yes
 | designation1 = Ramsar
 | designation1_offname = Upper Urashi Forests
 | designation1_date = 30 Abriil 2008
 | designation1_number = 1759&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Upper Urashi Forests|website=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar]] Sites Information Service|url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1759|access-date=25 April 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
}}

'''Upper Urashi Forest Reserve''' waa [[nature reserve]] ku taal [[Rivers State, Nigeria]] oo ku taal dhinaca sare ee [[Urashi River]], meel u dhow tuulada Ikodi ee [[Ahoada West]]. Kaydku wuxuu daboolayaa bed dhan 25,165 ha (97.163 sq mi). Waxaa loo magacaabay [[List of Ramsar wetlands of international importance|wetland of international importance]] oo hoos yimaada [[Ramsar Convention]] 30 Abriil 2008.&lt;ref name=&quot;Upper Orashi&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Upper Urashi Forests in Nigeria |url=http://www.wdpa.org/upper-orashi-forests-ramsar-site-wetland-of-international-importance|access-date=14 July 2017|website=[[World Database on Protected Areas|wdpa.org]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Cimilada==
Cimilada Upper Urashi waa [[Tropical monsoon climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] &quot;'''Am'''&quot;), oo lagu garto xilli-roobaad dheer oo ka bilaabma Maarso ilaa Noofambar iyo xilli-qallalan oo gaaban oo ka bilaabma Disembar ilaa Febraayo. Celceliska roobabka sanadlaha ah waa 2510 milimitir (99 in), iyadoo bisha Sebtembar ay caadi ahaan tahay bisha ugu roobka badan sanadka. Kayntu waxay ku hadhay biyo-fatahaad laga bilaabo Sebtembar ilaa Noofambar sababtoo ah fatahaadaha [[Urashi River]], taas oo keentay [[siltification]] iyo kordhinta bacriminta ciidda.&lt;ref name=&quot;Upper Urashi1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=The Annotated Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance|url=http://archive.ramsar.org/cda/en/ramsar-documents-list-anno-nigeria/main/ramsar/1-31-218%5E16114_4000_0__|access-date=14 July 2017|website=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar.org]]}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Flora==
Markii hore la aasaasay 30 Disembar 1899 oo leh 9,696 hektar (37.44 sq mi), waxay ka kooban tahay noocyo kala duwan oo [[habitat]] ah sida kaynta roobka ee dhulka hoose, [[moorland]], [[marshes]] iyo [[lake]]s xilliyeed. Ka mid ah noocyada geedaha ee lagu diiwaan geliyay kaydka, waa ''[[Lophira alata]]'', ''[[Ricinodendron heudelotii]]'', ''[[Albizia adianthifolia]]'' iyo ''[[Hexalobus|Hexalobus crispiflorus]]''. ''[[Hallea ledermannii]]'', oo muhiim u ah warshadaha kaynta, ayaa ku jira kayntan, laakiin si weyn ayuu hoos ugu dhacay natiijada isticmaalkiisa ballaaran. Geedaha [[oil palm]] (''[[Elaeis guineensis]]'') iyo ''[[Musanga cecropioides]]'' ayaa sidoo kale laga helaa meelaha sare.

==Fauna==
Kaydku waa [[centre of endemism]] yar oo loogu talagalay [[sclater's guenon]] iyo [[white-throated guenon]] oo khatar ku jira, [[red colobus monkey]] iyo Heslop's [[pygmy hippopotamus]]. Waxa kale oo ay bixisaa goob muhiim ah oo lagu nasto ee [[grey parrot]] (''Psittacus erithacas'') waxayna martigelisaa dhowr nooc oo shimbiraha biyaha ah kuwaas oo qaybintooda lagu koobay Guinea-Congo Forests biome.&lt;ref name=&quot;TideNews&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2016/02/05/showcasing-rivers-tourist-destinations/|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|title=Showcasing Rivers Tourist Destinations|date=5 February 2016|access-date=14 July 2017|newspaper=[[The Tide (Nigeria)|The Tide]]|archive-date=11 Bisha Lixaad 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170611180301/http://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2016/02/05/showcasing-rivers-tourist-destinations/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Hidden begin
|title = Liiska Xayawaanka
|titlestyle = background:#abdb75;width:60%
}}
{|width=60%
|-
|  style=&quot;width:33%; vertical-align:top;&quot;|
''Naasleyda''
*[[Giant forest hog]]
*[[Green bush squirrel]]
*[[Pygmy hippopotamus]]
|  style=&quot;width:33%; vertical-align:top;&quot;| 
''Xamaarato''
*[[Slender-snouted crocodile]]

''Shimbiraha''
*[[Grey parrot]]
*[[Anambra waxbill]]
*[[Hartlaub's duck]]
*[[Congo serpent eagle]]
*[[Cassin's hawk-eagle]]
*[[Blue-headed dove]]
*[[Black-throated coucal]]
*[[black-casqued Hornbill]]
*[[Yellow-rumped tinkerbird]]
*[[Lesser honeyguide]]
*[[Gabon woodpecker]]
*[[Guinea turaco]]
*[[Dark-capped yellow warbler]]
*[[Grey-chinned sunbird]]
*[[White-breasted negrofinch]]
|}
{{Hidden end}}

==Ilaalinta==
Upper Orashi Forest Reserve waxaa maamula Waaxda Kaymaha ee [[Rivers State Ministry of Agriculture]]. Waxaa loo kala saaray [[IUCN_protected_area_categories#Category_VI_.E2.80.93_Protected_Area_with_sustainable_use_of_natural_resources|IUCN qaybta VI ee aagga la ilaaliyo]] (aag la ilaaliyo oo leh isticmaalka waara ee khayraadka dabiiciga ah) oo leh ujeeddo ah isticmaalka badan ee waara ee khayraadka kaynta iyo cilmi-baarista sayniska, iyada oo xoogga la saarayo hababka ka faa'iidaysiga waara ee kaymaha asaliga ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;Upper Orashi2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Upper Orashi Forest Reserve|url=http://rris.biopama.org/pa/903112|access-date=14 July 2017|website=Biopama.org|archive-date=16 Bisha Tobnaad 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251016065649/https://rris.biopama.org/pa/903112|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyo ==
{{reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Beerta Qaranka ee Jasiiradaha Ehotilé</title>
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      <text bytes="5628" sha1="oj210etazq8lyar1rchsptnocjfms6x" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox protected area
| name = Îles Ehotilé National Park
| alt_name = 
| iucn_category = II
| image = Parc National des Iles Ehotilé .jpg
| image_alt = 
| image_caption = 
| image_size = 
| map = Ivory Coast
| relief = 1
| mapframe = yes
| map_alt = 
| map_caption = Goobta Ivory Coast
| map_width = 
| mapframe-zoom = 12
| location = [[Ivory Coast]]
| nearest_city = 
| coordinates = {{coords|5|11|N|3|14|W|region:CI|display=inline, title}}
| area = {{cvt|105|km2}}
| established = 25 Abriil 1974
| visitation_num = 
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| url = 
| module = {{Designation list
| embed                = yes
| designation1         = Ramsar
| designation1_offname = Iles Ehotilé-Essouman
| designation1_date    = 18 Oktoobar 2005
| designation1_number  = 1584&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Iles Ehotilé-Essouman|website=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar]] Sites Information Service|url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1584|accessdate=25 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180530034857/https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1584|archive-date=30 May 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
}}

'''Îles Ehotilé National Park''' waa [[List of national parks of Ivory Coast|beerta qaran ee Ivory Coast]] oo ku taal gobolka [[Sud-Comoé]]. Beertu waxay ka kooban tahay koox jasiirado hoose ah iyo kanaalo u dhexeeya oo kala sooca [[Aby Lagoon]] iyo [[Atlantic Ocean|Badweynta Atlaantik]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC&amp;pg=PA346 |title=A directory of African wetlands |page=346 |first1=R. H. |last1=Hughes |first2=J. S. |last2=Hughes |publisher=IUCN |year=1992 |ISBN=2-88032-949-3}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Beerta qaran waxaa la aasaasay 1974 iyadoo ay hindiseen bulshooyinka maxalliga ah oo rabay inay ilaashadaan goobahooda taariikhiga ah. Jasiiradaha Ehotile waxaa loo qoondeeyay [[Ramsar site|goob Ramsar ah]] sannadkii 2005 magaca Îles Ehotilé-Essouman,&lt;ref name=Office/&gt; waxaana loo gudbiyay soo-jeedin loo gudbiyay [[UNESCO]] si loogu tixgeliyo goobta inay noqoto [[World Heritage Site|Goob Dhaxal-dugsiyeedka Adduunka]] sannadkii 2006.&lt;ref name=UNESCO/&gt; Goobaha qadiimiga ah iyo kuwa taariikhiga ah ee jasiiradaha ayaa iyaguna la ilaaliyaa.&lt;ref name=Office/&gt;

== Juqraafiga dabiiciga ah ==
Jasiiraduhu waxay ka kooban yihiin lix jasiiradood (Assokomonobaha, Balouate, Meha, Nyamouan, Elouamin, iyo jasiiradda quduuska ah ee Bosson Assoun) oo ku taal aagga estuary. Waxay daboolaysaa aag dhan {{convert|722|hectare}}, iyadoo aan lagu darin aagga badda ee ku hareeraysan.&lt;ref name=Office&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.oipr.ci/index.php/parcs-reserves/parcs-nationaux/parc-national-des-iles-ehotile |title=Parc national des îles Ehotilé |publisher=Office Ivoirien des Parcs et Réserves |language=French |accessdate=1 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601093112/http://www.oipr.ci/index.php/parcs-reserves/parcs-nationaux/parc-national-des-iles-ehotile |archive-date=1 June 2019 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dhirta iyo xayawaanka ==
=== Dhirta ===
Dhirta jasiiradaha waa kuwo aad u kala duwan oo loogu talagalay aag yar; aagga xeebta waxaa inta badan ku badan [[mangrove|mangrove-ka]], guduhuna waa inta badan kayn kulaylaha oo leh kayn cufan oo hoose.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}

=== Shimbiraha ===
128 nooc oo shimbiro ah oo ka tirsan 35 qoys ayaa halkan lagu diiwaan geliyay. Inta badan kuwan waa noocyo biyood, xilliga qallaylkuna noocyo socdaal ah ayaa sidoo kale booqda beerta.&lt;ref name=UNESCO&gt;{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/2099/ |title=Parc national des îles Ehotilé |publisher=UNESCO |language=French |accessdate=1 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601102427/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/2099/ |archive-date=1 June 2019 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Noocyada deggen waxaa ka mid ah [[little grebe]], [[African darter]], [[reed cormorant]], [[cattle egret]], [[squacco heron]], [[striated heron]], [[western reef heron]], [[black-crowned night heron]], [[woolly-necked stork]], iyo [[white-faced whistling duck]].&lt;ref name=Ramsar&gt;{{cite web |url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/RISapp/files/RISrep/CI1584RIS_1809_fr.pdf |title=Côte d'Ivoire: Iles Ehotilé-Essouman |date=18 September 2018 |work=Fiche descriptive Ramsar |publisher=Ramsar |language=French |accessdate=1 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601123649/https://rsis.ramsar.org/RISapp/files/RISrep/CI1584RIS_1809_fr.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2019 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Naasleyda ===
Beertu waxay sidoo kale hoy u tahay naasleyda sida caadiga ah ku nool aagagga kaynta, sida [[duiker|duikers]] iyo [[bushpig|bushpigs]], iyo sidoo kale laba nooc oo beerta ka dhigaya mid gaar ah: mid ka mid ah kuwan waa [[African manatee|manatee]], naasleey biyood oo astaan u ah lagoons-ka Ivorian; kan kale waa gumeysiga [[straw-coloured fruit bat|straw-coloured fruit bats]] oo ku nool jasiiradda Balouate, taas oo dadka maxalliga ah ay aaminsan yihiin inay calaamad u tahay joogitaanka awoowayaashood.&lt;ref name=UNESCO/&gt; Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo kale oo [[bat|bats]], jasiiraduhuna waxay hoy u yihiin [[spotted-necked otter]] iyo [[African clawless otter]].&lt;ref name=Ramsar/&gt;

== Hawlaha aadanaha ==
Dadka ku nool xuduudda beerta ayaa u qaybsan 21 tuulo waxaana lagu qiyaasay in ay yihiin 32,103 qof, ama 32% wadarta guud ee dadka waaxda. [[Tourism|Dalxiisku]] waa shaqada kaliya ee loo oggol yahay jasiiradaha, iyo [[fishing|kalluumeysiga]] ayaa ah hawsha ugu weyn ee ka baxsan aagga la ilaaliyo.&lt;ref name=UNESCO/&gt;

== Tixraacyo ==
{{Reflist}}

{{commons category}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Iles Ehotiles National Park}}</text>
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    <title>Degmada Kilombero</title>
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|image_skyline=Ifakara.Ferry.Kilombero-River.JPG
|caption= Dooni ka gudbaysa Webiga Kilombero&lt;br&gt;agagaarka Ifakara, Degmada Kilombero
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|image_map           = Kilombero  District in Morogoro 2022.svg
|map_caption        = Degmada Kilombero ee Gobolka Morogoro
|coordinates=
|subdivision_type=Waddan
| subdivision_name     = {{flag|Tanzania}}
|subdivision_type1=[[Regions of Tanzania|Gobolka]]
|subdivision_name1=[[Morogoro Region]]
|population_as_of= 2002
|population_total=321,611
|area_code= 023
|timezone=[[East Africa Time|EAT]]
|utc_offset=+3
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[[File:Rice seedlings in the Kilomberoflood plain ready for transplanting.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|Shaqaalaha beeraha ee ku sugan dhul-fataha Kilombero oo diyaarinaya geedaha bariiska si loogu beero]]
'''Degmada Kilombero'''&lt;ref&gt;{{GEOnet2|32FA88194BE13774E0440003BA962ED3|Kilombero District (Approved)}}, [[National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency|United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]]&lt;/ref&gt; waa [[Districts of Tanzania|degmo]] ka tirsan [[Morogoro Region|Gobolka Morogoro]], ee koonfur-galbeed [[Tanzania]].

Degmadu waxay ku taallaa dhul-fataha ballaaran, oo u dhexeeya [[Kilombero River|Webiga Kilombero]] dhinaca koonfur-bari iyo Buuraha Udzungwa dhinaca waqooyi-galbeed. Dhinaca kale ee Webiga Kilombero, koonfur-bari, [[Zambezian flooded grasslands|dhul-fataha]] waa qayb ka mid ah [[Ulanga District|Degmada Ulanga]]. Degmadu waxay qayb ka wadaagtaa [[Udzungwa Mountains National Park]] Degmada Kilolo ee Iringa.

Sida lagu sheegay tirakoobkii ugu dambeeyay ee 2002, dadka Degmada Kilombero waa 321,611 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=2002 Population and Housing Census General Report: Morogoro: Kilombero |url=http://www.tanzania.go.tz/census/districts/kilombero.htm |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050211195737/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/census/districts/kilombero.htm |archivedate=February 11, 2005 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Qowmiyadaha ugu waaweyn waa Wapogoro, Wandamba, [[Bena people|Wabena]], iyo Wambunga iyo dhowr kale oo tiro yar.&lt;ref name=&quot;Morogoro-profile&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Morogoro Region Socio-Economic Profile|year=1997|publisher=The Planning Commission, Dar es Salaam, and The Regional Commissioner's Office, Morogoro|format=pdf|url=http://www.tzonline.org/pdf/Morogoro.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040530191242/http://www.tzonline.org/pdf/Morogoro.pdf|archivedate=30 May 2004|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Aaggu waa mid inta badan baadiye ah iyadoo xarunta degmada ee magaalo-bariga [[Ifakara]] ay tahay degsiimada ugu weyn.

Inta badan dadka tuulooyinka degan waa beeraley ku tiirsan cuntada aasaasiga ah ee galleyda iyo bariiska. Waxaa jira beeraha waaweyn ee geedka teak-ga ee degmooyinka Kilombero iyo Ulanga ee deriska la ah. Waqooyi-galbeed ee degmada, beeraha sonkorta ee shirkadda Illovo Sugar Company ayaa qabsada inta badan aagga hoose.&lt;ref&gt;Corti, Graham, Fanning, Eibleis, Hinde, Roy, and Jenkins, Richard, 1999. A Conservation Assessment the Amphibian Communities of Miombo Woodland, Evergreen Forest and a Teak (I'ectona Grandis) Plantation in the Ulanga Valley, Tanzania (Technical Report 3). Frontier-Tanzania Savanna Research Programme, Dar es Salaaml&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Hinde, R., Corti, G., Fanning, E., &amp; Jenkins, R., 1999a, A conservation assessment of large mammal use of miombo woodland, evergreen forest and a teak plantation in the Ulanga Valley, Tanzania, Frontier Tanzania Savanna Research Programme, Technical Report No. 2., unpublished, Frontier Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jenkins R., Roettcher, K, Corti, G &amp; Fanning, E, 2000a, Large mammals and teak plantations in the Ulanga Valley, Annual Report, unpublished, Frontier Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Qaybaha maamulka==

===Degmooyinka doorashada===
Doorashooyinka baarlamaanka, Tanzania waxay u qaybsantaa degmooyin doorasho. Sida doorashadii 2010 Degmada Kilombrero waxay lahayd hal degmo doorasho:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Organisations located in Kilombrero District - Tanzania |publisher=African Development Information |url=http://www.afdevinfo.com/htmlreports/lor/lor_tz_10_1.html |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120903060309/http://www.afdevinfo.com/htmlreports/lor/lor_tz_10_1.html |archivedate=2012-09-03 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Degmada doorashada Kilombrero

===Qaybaha===
[[Ifakara]], Kidatu, Mang´ula, Mlimba, Mngeta.Malinyi, Mahenge.

===Wards (Degsiimooyinka)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;
|+ Degmada Kilombero waxaa maamul ahaan loo qaybiyaa soddon iyo shan [[Administrative divisions of Tanzania#Wards|wards]]:
|-
| Chisano || Kiberege || Masagati || Mofu
|-
| Chita || [[Kidatu]] || Mbingu || Sanje
|-
| Idete || Kisawasawa || Mchombe || Uchindile
|-
| [[Ifakara]] || Lumemo || Mkula || Utengule
|-
| Kibaoni || Mang'ula || [[Mlimba]] ||Msolwa Station
|-
| Mang'ula B || Mwaya || Signal || Michenga
|-
| Katindiuka || Mlabani|| Viwanja Sitini || Lipangalala
|-
| Namwawala || Mngeta || Igima || Mbasa
|-
| Ching'anda || Kalengakelo || Kamwene
|}

==Ururada aan dowliga ahayn (NGOs)==
* [[MSABI]] – Biyo Nabadgelyo u leh Caafimaad Wanaagsan [[Ifakara]] – waa [[NGO]] diiradda saara biyaha, fayadhowrka, nadaafadda, iyo waxbarashada
* [[Eye Care Foundation]]
* Friends of Kilombero
* TFCG – waxay ka shaqaysaa maaraynta kaymaha dabiiciga ah iyo maaraynta khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee la xiriira ee buuraleyda Tanzania Eastern Arc iyo kaymaha xeebaha
* Save Education and Future Development Foundation – waxay kor u qaadaa helitaanka waxbarasho tayo leh ee bulshooyinka miyiga
*[https://stzelephants.or.tz/ Southern Tanzania Elephant Program] - STEP waa barnaamij ilaalinta maroodiga oo ku salaysan koonfurta Tanzania. Iyagoo aaminsan muhiimadda ay leedahay aagagga la ilaaliyo ee xooggan iyo wanaagga dadka ku nool agagaarka xuduudahooda, STEP waxay la shaqaysaa saaxiibo kala duwan si loo helo amniga muddada dheer ee maroodiga, oo ah xayawaan muhiim ah oo ka mid ah nidaamka deegaanka ee cajiibka ah ee Ruaha-Rungwa iyo Udzungwa-Selous.

==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

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    <title>Webiga Msimbazi</title>
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| name              = Webi Msimbazi
| native_name       = {{native name|sw|Mto Msimbazi}}
| image             = DEGRADATION FOR DEVELOPMENT.jpg
| image_caption     = Sariirta Webi Msimbazi oo loo isticmaalo ciid iyo goob qashin lagu qubo oo gadaal ka muuqata 
| source1_location  = [[Kisarawe, Kisarawe District|Kisarawe]], [[Kisarawe District, Pwani|Degmada Kisarawe]], Gobolka Pwani
| source1_coordinates = &lt;!--- {{coord|06|53|35|S|39|04|26|E}} Waxay u baahan tahay in la hubiyo ---&gt;
| mouth              = [[Zanzibar Channel|Kanaalka Sansibaar]]
| mouth_coordinates  = {{coord|06|47|46|S|39|16|54|E|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_location     = [[Upanga West]] &amp; [[Hananasif]]
| subdivision_type1  = Dal
| subdivision_name1  = {{flag|Tanzania}}
| subdivision_type2  = Gobol
| subdivision_name2  = [[Dar es Salaam Region|Gobolka Dar es Salaam]] &amp; [[Pwani Region|Gobolka Pwani]]
| subdivision_type3  = Degmo
| subdivision_name3  = [[Kisarawe District, Pwani|Degmada Kisarawe]], [[Ilala District, Dar es Salaam|Ilala]] &amp; &lt;br/&gt; [[Kinondoni District, Dar es Salaam|Kinondoni]]
| subdivision_type4  = Degmooyin (Wards)
| subdivision_name4  = [[Kwembe]], [[Kisarawe, Kisarawe District|Kisarawe]], &lt;br/&gt; [[Gongolamboto]], [[Pugu, Ilala|Pugu]],&lt;br/&gt; [[Ukonga]], [[Kipawa, Ilala|Kipawa]],&lt;br/&gt; [[Kinyerezi]], [[Segerea]],&lt;br/&gt; [[Vingunguti]], [[Tabata, Ilala|Tabata]],&lt;br/&gt; [[Buguruni]], [[Kigogo]],&lt;br/&gt; [[Ilala District, Dar es Salaam|Ilala]], [[Mchikichini]],&lt;br/&gt; [[Mzimuni]], [[Magomeni]],&lt;br/&gt;[[Upanga West]] &amp; [[Hananasif]]
| length_km = 35
| river_system       = Dooxada Webi Msimbazi
| basin_size_km2 = 271
| tributaries_left   = Webi Sinza, Webi Lubungo (Ubungo), Webi Luhanga, Webi Kinyerezi, Webi Zimbiri, Webi Tandale iyo Webi Makurumla
| tributaries_right  = 
}}
'''Webi Msimbazi''' (''Mto Mbezi'' ee af [[Swahili language|Sawaaxili]]) wuxuu ku yaallaa [[Dar es Salaam Region|Gobolka Dar es Salaam]] ee [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]]. Wuxuu ka bilaabmaa [[Kisarawe, Kisarawe District|degmada Kisarawe]], [[Kisarawe District, Pwani|Degmada Kisarawe]] wuxuuna ugu dambeyntii ku shubmaa [[Zanzibar Channel|Kanaalka Sansibaar]] xadka degmada [[Upanga West]] ee [[Ilala District, Dar es Salaam|Ilala MC]] iyo degmada [[Hananasif]] ee [[Kinondoni District, Dar es Salaam|Kinondoni MC]]. Dhererka Webi Msimbazi waa qiyaastii 35 kiiloomitir. Wuxuu u qulqulaa dhanka bari isagoo u gudbaya Kanaalka Sansibaar ee Badweynta Hindiya isagoo sii maraya Kaydka Kaymaha Pugu iyo Kazimzumbwi, isagoo ku biiraya webiyada Sinza, Ubungo, iyo Luhanga inta uu socdo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.lands.go.tz/uploads/documents/en/1544030560-dar-city-plan-v1.pdf |title=Dar es Salaam City Master Plan 2016-2036 |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=11 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611092338/https://www.lands.go.tz/uploads/documents/en/1544030560-dar-city-plan-v1.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Waa il muhiim ah oo biyo ah oo loo isticmaalo cabbitaanka, maydhashada, taageeridda warshadaha, beeraha, iyo ilaalinta deegaanka kuwa ku nool Gobolka Dar es Salaam tobannaankii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhawaanahan, qashinka warshadaha iyo nidaamyada bullaacadaha aan la oggolayn ayaa halis gelinaya shaqooyinka bayoolojiga ah ee webiyadu qabtaan. Wasakhda biraha culus ee ka timaada warshadaha ayaa waxyeello u geysata faa'iidooyinka webiga marka loo eego shaqeynta iyo xitaa habka dhaqameed ee waraabinta beeraha khudradda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.lands.go.tz/uploads/documents/en/1544030560-dar-city-plan-v1.pdf |title=Dar es Salaam City Master Plan 2016-2036 |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=11 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611092338/https://www.lands.go.tz/uploads/documents/en/1544030560-dar-city-plan-v1.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Juqraafiga==
Webi Msimbazi iyo webi-gacmeedyadiisu waxay ka soo jeedaan [[Pugu Hills Forest Reserve|Pugu Hills]] iyo [[Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserve|Kazimzumbwi]] Forest Reserves ee [[Kisarawe District, Pwani|Degmada Kisarawe]], Gobolka Pwani, waxayna maraan bartamaha Dar es Salaam ee [[Ilala District, Dar es Salaam|Ilala MC]].
[[File:Msimbazi-River-and-its-main-tributaries.png|thumb|Webi Msimbazi iyo webi-gacmeedyadiisa ugu waaweyn]]

===Dooxada webiga===
Iyada oo leh dhul dhan 271 km2, dooxada Msimbazi waxay ka kooban tahay qiyaastii shan meelood meel ka mid ah guud ahaan dhulka Dar es Salaam waxayna hoy u tahay qiyaastii 1.6 milyan oo qof (27% ka mid ah tirada guud ee dadka magaalada). Dooxada waxay ka fidsan tahay ilaha webiga ee [[Pugu Forest Reserve]] dhanka bari oo ka gudbaysa jiho sii magaalowday iyadoo webigu u dhowaanayo afka badda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dooxada hoose, oo ah daad-bax weyn iyo dhul-qoyan oo ku yaalla bartamaha Dar es Salaam oo u dhow bartamaha magaalada, waxay hore u ahayd kayn mangrove ah oo barwaaqo ah laakiin dhawaanahan waxay bilowday inay dhimato inkastoo ay weli taagan tahay. Meel u dhow meesha webigu badda kaga daro, laba ka mid ah afarta waddo ee waaweyn ee Dar es Salaam—oo ay ku jirto dariiqa ugu horreeya ee magaalada ee gaadiidka Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)—ayaa ka gudba daad-baxa ugu weyn. Bulshooyinka ku nool qaybaha hoose ee webiga, kuwaas oo inta badan leh dakhli liita oo ku nool guryo aan habaysnayn, waxay si weyn ugu tiirsan yihiin helitaanka fudud ee xarunta ganacsiga ee magaalada si ay u helaan nolol maalmeedkooda waxayna helaan adeegyada bulshada ee u dhow.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Fatahaadaha sanadlaha ah ee taariikhiga ah iyo bacriminta===
Qaybaha sare iyo dhexe ee Msimbazi waxay horey u lahaayeen qayb weyn oo ka mid ah dhul-kaymeedka dabiiciga ah. Markii ay roobabku da'een, daboolka caleemaha ee cufan ayaa ka hortagay in ciidda hoose ay nabaad-guurto. In kasta oo webiyada sida Msimbazi aysan waligood taagnayn maadaama ay isbeddelaan si tartiib tartiib ah sanado badan iyo tobanaan sano, maqnaanshaha nabaad-guurka xad-dhaafka ah iyo dhoobeynta ayaa webiga ka dhigay mid xasiloon oo ku jira xaaladdiisa dabiiciga ah. Fatahaaddu waxay ahayd mid caadi ah intii lagu jiray 1800-kii iyo 1900-kii; Dhab ahaantii, bacriminta gobolka waxaa sabab u ah kaydka nafaqada leh ee [[flood|fatahaadaha]] hore ay ka tageen. Isticmaalka dhulka ku hareeraysan webiga ayaa bilaabay inuu isbeddelo si tartiib tartiib ah dabayaaqadii 1980-meeyadii iyo horraantii 1990-meeyadii taas oo ka dhalatay socdaalka miyiga-magaalada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Roobabkii [[El Niño]] ee 1997–1998 ayaa inta badan la xusaa inay yihiin kiciyaha fatahaadaha masiibada ah ee Msimbazi. Tan iyo markaas, waxaa jiray dhacdooyin fatahaad oo waaweyn 2009, 2010, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2017, iyo 2018. Dhacdooyinka fatahaadaha ayaa sidoo kale noqday kuwo joogto ah oo daran. Nidaamyada maaraynta dhulka iyo qorshaynta ayaan awoodin inay la socdaan kororka degdega ah. In kasta oo Dooxada Msimbazi loo aqoonsaday dhul halis ah Qorshaha Master-ka ee Dar es Salaam ee 1979 iyo aagga kaydka ah ee 60-mitir ah oo ka yimid calaamadda biyaha sare ee webiga waxaa aasaasay Xeerka Maareynta Deegaanka, xaddidaadaha isticmaalka dhulka ayaa inta badan aan la fulin. Khadadka jireed ee tilmaamaya aag halis ah ma joogin, iyo habka sharciga ah ee rasmiga ah ee samaynta sidaas ma aysan raacin.&lt;ref&gt;De Risi, Raffaele, et al. &quot;Flood risk assessment for informal settlements.&quot; Natural hazards 69 (2013): 1003-1032.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Hanjabaadaha==
===Wasakhda biraha===
Webi Msimbazi waxa uu soo maray hoos u dhac deegaan sannadihii la soo dhaafay, si la mid ah dhammaan marin-biyoodyada kale ee magaalada. Sediments ka yimid webiyada Dar waa wasakhaysan, iyadoo Msimbazi iyo Kizinga sediments webiga ay yihiin kuwa ugu wasakhaysan, sida uu qabo tusmada geo-accumulation, factor-ka wasakhaynta, heerka wasakhaynta, heerka wax laga beddelay ee wasakhaynta, tusmada wasakhaynta suurtagalka ah, iyo quotient sunta deegaanka. Tani waa run xitaa haddii factor-ka hodantinimada uu muujinayo heerar kala duwan oo wasakhda birta culus ee webiyada.
&lt;ref&gt;Mihale, Matobola J. &quot;Metal contamination in sediments of coastal rivers around Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.&quot; Huria: Journal of the Open University of Tanzania 27.2 (2021).&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Toxic heavy metal|Wasakhda biraha]] heerar loogu talagalay [[Cadmium|Cd]], [[Lead|Pb]], [[Chromium|Cr]], [[Nickel|Ni]], [[Copper|Cu]], [[Aluminium|Al]], [[Manganese|Mn]], [[Iron|Fe]], iyo [[Zinc|Zn]] ayaa lagu qiimeeyay iyadoo la isticmaalayo sediments ka yimid webiyada xeebaha Kizinga, Mbezi, Msimbazi, iyo Mzinga. Webi Msimbazi wuxuu haystay inta badan qaddarka sare ee Cd, Pb, Cr, Al, Mn, Fe, iyo Zn. Webi Kizinga wuxuu leeyahay qiyamka Ni iyo Cu sare, laakiin Webi Mbezi wuxuu lahaa heerar Mn sare. Webi Mzinga wuxuu ka kooban yahay xaddiga ugu yar ee biraha guud ahaan, marka laga reebo Mn. Webi Kizinga wuxuu lahaa heerar mn ugu hooseeya.&lt;ref&gt;Mihale, Matobola J. &quot;Metal contamination in sediments of coastal rivers around Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.&quot; Huria: Journal of the Open University of Tanzania 27.2 (2021).&lt;/ref&gt;

===Jir-goynta iyo magaalaynta aan la xakameyn===
Biyo-mareenka duufaantu wuu koray Dooxada Msimbazi taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay awoodda haynta biyaha dabiiciga ah oo hoos u dhacday sababo la xiriira hawlaha aadanaha, gaar ahaan [[deforestation|jarista kaymaha]] iyo [[urbanization|magaalaynta]]. Sababta ugu weyn ee kordhinta soo noqnoqoshada fatahaadaha ee webiyada iyo durdurrada ka kooban nidaamka webiga ayaa sabab u ah tan. Daboolka geedaha ee Dooxada ayaa si weyn hoos ugu dhacay. Si loogu sameeyo meel loogu talagalay beeraha, koritaanka magaalooyinka, iyo shidaalka cunnada, geedaha waa la jaray iyadoo heerar argagax leh, iyadoo ka tagaysa dhul-baadiye leh kaliya 10% awoodda kaynta ee ciidda-dejinta iyo dhexgelinta biyaha roobka. Sida laga soo xigtay hal daraasad oo ku taal isha webiga, daboolka [[forest canopy|kaynta]] ee xiran ee Pugu iyo Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserves ayaa hoos u dhacay in ka badan rubuc (25 iyo 31%, siday u kala horreeyaan) muddo 15 sano ah. In ka yar 400 oo ka mid ah 2,180 hektar ee Pugu iyo Kazimzumbwi reserve waxaa loo qaadan karaa kayn dhab ah, taas oo muujinaysa in inta badan daboolka kaynta dhab ahaantii laga saaray. Si la mid ah tan, kaliya 900 oo ka mid ah 4,887 hektar ee Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserve ayaa hadda loo kala saari karaa kayn dhab ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Xididdada hawada ee [[mangrove|mangroves]]-ka ayaa la aasay taas oo ka dhalatay dhoobeynta muhiimka ah ee Webi Msimbazi, &quot;neef-qabatin&quot; tani waxay saameyn xun ku leedahay caafimaadka geedaha. Maadaama aysan hadda u sii fidsanayn ilaa [[Jangwani]] Bridge, hirarka sare hadda waxay yimaadaan kaliya dhowr boqol oo mitir oo xeebta ah. Sababo la xiriira ururinta dhoobada ilaa dherer ka sarreeya heerka hirarka, in badan oo ka mid ah gobolka dhul-qoyan ee ku hareeraysan marin-biyoodka webiga ayaa qallalan xitaa inta lagu jiro hirarka sare. Natiijadu waxay tahay in mangroves-ka gudaha ay awoodi waayaan inay helaan biyaha badda, qaybo muhiim ah oo ka mid ah kaynta mangrove way engegeen. Waxaa jira macluumaad yari oo ku saabsan xaaladda kaydka kaynta mangrove. Aagga la ilaaliyo ee mangrove si rasmi ah looma qeexin, in kasta oo ay ilaalinayso Xeerka Kaynta ee 2002 iyo mamnuucida jarista mangroves si adag ayaa loo fuliyaa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Wasakhaynta===
Hababka qubista qashinka fayadhowrka ee aan nidaamsanayn ayaa si weyn u wasakheeya biyaha fatahaadaha. Baahida loo qabo in si sharci-darro ah loogu daadiyo webiyada iyo dhul-qoyan ayaa lagu xaqiijiyay wareysiyo lala yeeshay NGO-yo iyo shirkado diiradda saara fayadhowrka. Hab kale oo caadi ah oo lagu madhiyo ayaa ah in si ula kac ah loo fataho ama loo furo musqulaha inta lagu jiro roobabka culus, taas oo ka saarta saxarada godka oo u gelisa bulshooyinka u dhow iyo marin-biyoodyada. Webi Msimbazi wuxuu leeyahay qulqulo aad u yar inta lagu jiro xilliga abaarta, tanina waxay biyaha ka dhigtaa kuwo aad u wasakhaysan. Qashinka warshadaha iyo wasakhaynta ayaa burburiyay nidaamka deegaanka biyaha macaan; qaybo waaweyn oo webiga ka mid ah awood uma laha inay taageeraan dadka kalluunka ee halkaas joogay ilaa dhawaan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Qaybaha ugu wasakhaysan ee Msimbazi ee ka hooseeya [[Vingunguti]] iyo webi-gacmeedyadiisa waxay lahaayeen heerar [[pH]] ilaa 12 (marka la barbar dhigo heerka sharciga ee 8.5), heer sababa gubasho daran oo maqaarka ah, iyo Chromium (VI) 75 jeer ka sarreeya xadka sharciga ee loogu talagalay daadinta biyaha wasakhda ah. [[Chromium VI]] waa sun aad u daran waxayna sababi kartaa kansar iyo cillado dhalasho oo leh soo-gaadhis dheer. Caddaynta [[Feces|saxarada]] wasakhaynta oo aad uga khatar badan waxa Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka u arko inay ammaan u yihiin in loo isticmaalo beeraha.&lt;ref&gt;Sawe, Shovi Furaeli, Daniel Abel Shilla, and John Ferdinand Machiwa. &quot;Lead (Pb) contamination trends in Msimbazi estuary reconstructed from 210Pb-dated sediment cores (Msimbazi River, Tanzania).&quot; Environmental Forensics 22.1-2 (2021): 99-107.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Barkadaha xasilinta biyaha wasakhda ah ee degmada ee Vingunguti, warshadaha dharka iyo warshadaha kale, meelaha lagu gowraco, dhoobada ka timaada goobaha qashinka ee hore, bullaacadaha iyo dheecaanka ka yimaada guryaha u dhow ee si toos ah ugu qulqula webiga Msimbazi, musqulaha godka ee daadiya qashinka ama fataha inta lagu jiro roobabka, gaadiidka (saliidda iyo gaaska), qulqulka beeraha ([[pesticide|sunta cayayaanka]], [[fertilizer|bacriminta]]), iyo qashinka adag ee si toos ah loogu shubo webiyada waa qaar ka mid ah ilaha wasakhaynta webiga. Dhibaatada caafimaad ee sanadka oo dhan waa tayada biyaha oo liidata. Dooxada webiga, boqolaal beeralay ah ayaa beerta khudradda caleenta leh iyo khudaar kale, iyo beeraha waxaa lagu waraabiyaa ceelal gacmeed.&lt;ref&gt;Kihampa, Charles, and William JS Mwegoha. &quot;Heavy metals accumulation in vegetables grown along the Msimbazi River in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.&quot; International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 4.6 (2010).&lt;/ref&gt; Wax soo saarka waxaa lagu iibiyaa jumlad dhexdhexaadiyeyaal ah kuwaas oo markaa ku qaybiya dhammaan Dar es Salaam.&lt;ref&gt;Kimera, Zuhura I., et al. &quot;Occurrence of EBSL and quinolone resistance genes among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from poultry, domestic pigs and environment in the Msimbazi River Basin in Tanzania.&quot; (2022).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tixraacyo==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[category:Tansaaniya]]
[[Category:Webiyada]]</text>
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    <title>Durdurrada Fula</title>
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      <text bytes="2645" sha1="jvjp8gbka6ew49gl99tji58903g9fdi" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox waterfall
|location=[[Nimule]], [[Eastern Equatoria|Eastern Equatoria]], Suudaanta Koonfureed
|name=Fula Falls
|alt_name=Fula Rapids
|watercourse=[[Nile|Niilka]]
|coordinates={{Coord|3|40|23.23|N|31|58|29.31|E}}
|map=
}}

'''Durdurrada Fula''' ama '''Fula Falls''' waa [[waterfall|biyo-dhac]] ku yaalla [[White Nile|Niilka Cad]] ee [[South Sudan|Suudaanta Koonfureed]] qiyaastii 6.5 kiiloomitir waqooyi ka xigta [[Nimule|Magaalada Nimule]] ee [[Eastern Equatoria|Gobolka Eastern Equatoria]], meel u dhow xadka Suudaanta Koonfureed ay la wadaagto [[Uganda|Ugaandha]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fula Rapids {{!}} rapids, South Sudan {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Fula-Rapids |access-date=2022-11-04 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en |archive-date=2022-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104195206/https://www.britannica.com/place/Fula-Rapids |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Juma |first=Nema |title=Can South Sudan relaunch its Fula Dam project? |url=http://www.theniles.org/en/articles/economy/20780/ |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=The Niles |language=en |archive-date=2022-11-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109131456/https://www.theniles.org/en/articles/economy/20780/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fula Rapids rapids, Eastern Equatoria, South Sudan |url=https://ss.geoview.info/fula_rapids,375321 |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=ss.geoview.info |archive-date=2022-11-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109135650/https://ss.geoview.info/fula_rapids,375321 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dowladda Suudaanta Koonfureed waxay qorsheyneysaa inay dhisto saldhiggeeda ugu weyn ee korontada [[hydroelectricity|biyo-dhaliyaha]] ee Fula Rapids, laakiin mashruuca ayaa dib u dhacay sababo la xiriira ammaan-darrada ka jirta dalka tan iyo 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=South Sudan: Fula Rapids power scheme {{!}} African Energy |url=https://www.africa-energy.com/news-centre/article/south-sudan-fula-rapids-power-scheme |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=www.africa-energy.com |archive-date=2022-11-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109133202/https://www.africa-energy.com/news-centre/article/south-sudan-fula-rapids-power-scheme |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fula Rapids Hydro {{!}} African Energy |url=https://www.africa-energy.com/database/fula-rapids-hydro |access-date=2022-11-20 |website=www.africa-energy.com |archive-date=2022-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120202453/https://www.africa-energy.com/database/fula-rapids-hydro |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyo ==

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  <page>
    <title>Nxuba</title>
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      <text bytes="21259" sha1="gys10eqyszr67r8mf3zg5hxxdo82wgp" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Nxuba
| other_name = Cradock
| settlement_type = [[Town|Magaalo]]
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
  | total_width            = 280
  | border                 = infobox
  | perrow                 = 1/2/2
  | caption_align          = center
  | image1                 = Cradock, South Africa.jpg
  | image2                 = 38 Bree Street - Cradock-001.jpg
  | image3                 = 9 2 024 0012-DRC-1-Cradock-s.jpg
  | image4                 = South Africa-Cradock01.jpg}}
| image_caption = '''Saacad-u-jeedin xagga sare''': Waddo ku taal Cradock, 38 Bree Street, [[Dutch Reformed Church, Cradock|Kaniisadda Dutch Reformed]], Calaamadda soo dhawaynta
| pushpin_map = South Africa Eastern Cape#South Africa#Africa
| coordinates = {{Coord|32|09|54|S|25|37|03|E|region:ZA_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[Country|Dal]]
| subdivision_name = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of South Africa|Gobol]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Eastern Cape]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[District|Degmo]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Chris Hani District Municipality|Chris Hani]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Municipality|Degmo]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality|Inxuba Yethemba]]
| subdivision_type4 = Meel Weyn
| established_title = La aasaasay
| established_date = 1816&lt;ref name=established /&gt;
| leader_title = Xildhibaan
| area_footnotes = &lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/278003001 |title=Sub Place Cradock |work=Census 2011 |access-date=30 June 2021 |archive-date=11 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711055647/https://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/278003001 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_total_km2 = 118.57
| population_footnotes = &lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot; /&gt;
| population_total = 8626
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Qowmiyada (2011)
| demographics1_footnotes = &lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot; /&gt;
| demographics1_title1 = [[White South African|Caddaan]]
| demographics1_info1 = 50.0%
| demographics1_title2 = [[Bantu peoples of South Africa|Madowga Afrika]]
| demographics1_info2 = 30.5%
| demographics1_title3 = [[Coloureds|Midabo kale]]
| demographics1_info3 = 17.9%
| demographics1_title4 = [[Indian South African|Hindi]]/[[Asian South African|Aasiya]]
| demographics1_info4 = 0.9%
| demographics1_title5 = Kale
| demographics1_info5 = 0.7%
| demographics_type2 = [[First language|Afaf]] (2011)
| demographics2_footnotes = &lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot; /&gt;
| demographics2_title1 = [[Afrikaans]]
| demographics2_info1 = 68.8%
| demographics2_title2 = [[Xhosa language|Xhosa]]
| demographics2_info2 = 20.0%
| demographics2_title3 = [[South African English|Ingiriisi]]
| demographics2_info3 = 7.9%
| demographics2_title4 = 
| demographics2_info4 = 
| demographics2_title5 = Kale
| demographics2_info5 = 2.3%
| timezone1 = [[South African Standard Time|SAST]]
| utc_offset1 = +2
| postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in South Africa|Koodka boostada]] (waddo)
| postal_code = 5880
| postal2_code_type = [[Post-office box|PO box]]
| postal2_code = 5880
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in South Africa|Koodka deegaanka]]
| area_code = 048
}}
'''Nxuba''', oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Cradock''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 April 2024 |title=85 towns hit with name changes in South Africa – and more are on the way |url=https://businesstech.co.za/news/government/766851/85-towns-hit-with-name-changes-in-south-africa-and-more-on-the-way/ |access-date=26 September 2024 |website=BusinessTech}}&lt;/ref&gt; waa magaalo ku taal Gobolka [[Eastern Cape]] ee Koonfur Afrika, qaybta sare ee dooxada [[Great Fish River]], 250 km marka loo eego waddo waqooyi ka xigta [[Gqeberha]]. Magaaladu waa xarunta maamulka ee [[Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality]] ee [[Chris Hani District Municipality|Degmada Chris Hani]] ee Eastern Cape.

Magaalada waxaa markii hore loogu magacdaray [[John Cradock, 1st Baron Howden|John Cradock]], guddoomiyihii [[Cape Colony]] horraantii qarnigii 19-aad iyo taliyihii ciidamada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Raper1989&quot; /&gt;

==Taariikhda==
Kumanaan sano oo la soo dhaafay dadka [[San people|San]] ee ugaarsada-ururiya ayaa ahaa dadka kaliya ee deggan koonfurta Afrika. Qiyaastii 2000 sano ka hor dhalashadii Ciise (BC) dadka [[Khoikhoi]] ayaa yimid iyagoo wata lo', ido iyo riyo. Dadkan xoolo-dhaqatada ah ayaa u haajiray koonfurta xagga xeebta. Sawirrada dhagaxyada iyo petroglyphs-ka ayaa weli ah caddeyn u ah dadkii ugu horreeyay ee halkaan ku noolaa.

Qarnigii 4-aad ee dhalashada Ciise (AD) dadka ku hadla afka Bantu ayaa bilaabay inay ka haajiraan bartamaha Afrika ilaa xeebta bari ee koonfurta Afrika. Dadka [[amaXhosa]] ayaa u riixday si ka sii fog koonfurta xagga bangiyada [[Great Fish River]] halkaas oo ay kula kulmeen dadka ugaarsada-ururiya ee San iyo xoolo-dhaqatada [[Khoikhoi]], ka dibna dadka deggan Dutch-ka iyo Ingiriiska.

===Taariikhda gumeysiga===
Degmada ku xeeran Nxuba waxaa markii hore deganaa beeraleyda Dutch-ka dabayaaqadii qarnigii 18-aad, laakiin waxaa aad uga horreeyay ugaarsatada kuwaas oo si sharci-darro ah uga gudbay xuduudda iyagoo raadinaya ugaar iyo fool-maroodi.

Duullaankii ugu horreeyay ee rasmiga ah ee Dutch-ka ee sare ee Great Fish River wuxuu ahaa bartamihii 1752 markii koox uu hoggaaminayey Ensign [[August Frederik Beutler]] ay booqdeen aagga.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}} Beutler, oo raacaya tilmaamaha Guddoomiyaha [[Ryk Tulbagh]] si uu u baaro suurtagalnimada horumarinta gobollada bari ee Cape, waxaa la socday tiro saraakiil kale ah oo ay ku jiraan qoraa, Carl Haupt, iyo sahmiye, Carl Wentzel, oo sawiray khariidadda jidka la maray. Ku dhawaad xusidda kaliya ee laga sameeyay aagga buugga xusuus-qorka ayaa ahayd inuu ahaa mid aad u qalalan oo daaqsin aan la heli karin.

Afartan iyo shan sano ka dib safar [[Sir John Barrow]] ayaa ka gudbay Great Fish River. Meeshii uu ka gudbay wuxuu ku xusay khariidaddiisa jiritaanka dhinaca webiga ee &quot;Hepatic wells&quot; – ilo baaruud ah. Sannadihii dambe ilaha waxaa loo isticmaali jiray dhaqidda dhogorta iyo dharka magaalada.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}}

Ka dib [[Xhosa Wars#Fourth War (1811–12)|Dagaalkii Xhosa 1811–12]], waxay noqotay mid muuqata in si loo ilaaliyo nidaamka xuduudda in xarumo maamul iyo ciidan oo badan laga dhiso Great Fish River. Degmada [[Graaff-Reinet]] waxay ahayd mid aad u weyn si loo maamulo si habboon magaaladuna aad ayey uga fogayd webiga, sidaas darteed waxaa la go'aamiyay in la dhiso sub-drostdy cusub, iyo Juun 1812 Ensign [[Andries Stockenstrom]] waxaa loo magacaabay ku-xigeenka landdrost. Beerta Piet van Heerden ee Buffels Kloof ee Great Fish River waxaa lagu iibsaday 3 500 oo rix dollars. Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka iibsiga ayaa ahaa in guriga derbiga dhagaxa ah ee Van Heerden uu u adeegi karo sidii xabsi, shuruudda ugu horreysay ee muhiimka ah ee magaalo kasta. Guriga wuxuu sidoo kale bixiyay hoy loogu talagalay boolis iyo laba askari oo boolis ah.

Baaqii rasmiga ahaa wuxuu ka muuqday [[Cape of Good Hope Government Gazette|Cape Town Gazette]] 21 Janaayo 1814. [[Sir John Cradock]] wuxuu ansixiyay kharash dhan 12 000 [[rixdollar]]s oo ku saabsan dhismayaasha dadweynaha iyo shaqada ayaa isla markiiba ka bilaabatay guriga ku-xigeenka landdrost. Intaas waxaa sii dheer waxaa loo oggolaaday beerta si &quot;looga dhigo booskiisa mid raaxo leh oo xushmad leh intii suurtagal ah&quot;. Beerta la doortay waxay ahayd Driefontein, midda walaalkiis Piet van Heerden, W J van Heerden.

Julaay 1817 Reverend John Evans waxaa loo magacaabay wasiirkii ugu horreeyay wuxuuna bilaabay ururinta lacag loogu talagalay kaniisad. Wasiir, ku-xigeen landdrost, boolis iyo askari boolis, dadka deggan waxay u tixgelin karaan tuuladooda yar inay si wanaagsan u marayso inay noqoto &quot;magaalo&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;LogieSnaddon2006&quot; /&gt;

1830-meeyadii [[Great Trek]] wuxuu bilaabmay, maadaama [[Afrikaners]] oo aan ku qanacsanayn xukunka Ingiriiska ay ka tageen ''en masse'' xagga gudaha. Inta badan socdaalku wuxuu ka baxay (iyo iyada oo loo marayo) aagga ku xeeran Cradock.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}}

[[Cape Colony]] waxay heshay heer madax-bannaanideed 1872 markii &quot;[[Responsible Government]]&quot; lagu dhawaaqay iyo, 1877, dowladda Ra'iisul Wasaare [[John Molteno]] waxay ansixisay dhismaha khadka tareenka oo ku xiraya [[Port Elizabeth]] xeebta iyo gudaha. Isagoo maraya Cradock waxay keentay koritaan weyn iyo horumar dhaqaale gudaha iyo hareeraha magaalada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Burman |first=Jose |title=Early railways at the Cape |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a6YMAQAAIAAJ |year=1984 |publisher=Human &amp; Rousseau |page=73 |isbn=9780798117609}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schoeman2014&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Schoeman |first=Chris |title=The Historical Karoo: Traces of the Past in South Africa's Arid Interior |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s4OGngEACAAJ |year=2014 |publisher=Zebra |isbn=978-1-77022-568-8 |page=117}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Horraantii 1900-meeyadii, kor u kac ku yimid baahida loo qabo baalasha gorayada waxay keentay kor u kac baaxad leh oo barwaaqo u ah beeraleyda gorayada ee maxalliga ah.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}}

===The Cradock Four===
{{Main|The Cradock Four}}
[[Matthew Goniwe]], [[Sparrow Mkhonto]], [[Fort Calata]] iyo [[Sicelo Mhlauli]], oo loo yaqaan [[The Cradock Four]] – waxaa la afduubtay iyagoo ka safraya [[Port Elizabeth]] ilaa Cradock 1985.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/1998/98217_0x6849810596.htm STATEMENT BY THE TRC: AMNESTY APPLICATIONS FOR CRADOCK FOUR KILLINGS, 16 February 1998] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930180847/http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/1998/98217_0x6849810596.htm |date=30 September 2007 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Kadib waxaa loo kaxeeyay meel aan la aqoon, halkaas oo lagu garaacay, lagu dilay meydadkooda iyo gaarigii ay ku safrayeen lagu gubay. Qaar ka mid ah dhacdooyinkan waxay dhaceen habeenkii 27 Juun 1985 (habeenkii afduubkooda) iyo qaar ka mid ah waxay dhaceen waqti dambe oo aan la aqoon.

Saddex askari oo [[Security Branch (South Africa)|Security Branch]] ah, Sergeant Faku, Sergeant Mgoduka, iyo hal Sakati oo ka qayb qaatay dilka dadka u ololeeya ayaa dambe laga dilay qarax gaari oo ka dhacay [[Motherwell, Eastern Cape|Motherwell]] 1989.

Cradock Four Memorial waa taallo ku taal Lingelihle, degmo u dhow Nxuba. Taallada waxaa la dhisay 22 Julaay 2000 iyadoo lagu xusayo Cradock Four.&lt;ref name=&quot;news_Crad&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Cradock Four memorial neglected, forgotten |last=Spies |first=Derrick |work=News24 |date=7 April 2015 |access-date=2017-10-11 |url=http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Cradock-Four-memorial-neglected-forgotten-20150407 |archive-date=6 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906180503/http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Cradock-Four-memorial-neglected-forgotten-20150407 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Dhaqaalaha iyo dalxiiska==
{{unreferenced section|date=January 2025}}
[[File:View of Cradock, Eastern Cape, South Africa.jpg|thumb|right|Calaamad ku taal hareeraha Nxuba]]
Nxuba waa mid ka mid ah xarumaha ugu waaweyn ee Cape ee warshadaha [[dhogorta]], sidoo kale waxay soo saartaa hilibka lo'da, caanaha, miraha, [[alfalfa|lucerne]], iyo [[mohair]].

Muhiimad aad u weyn u leh horumarka dhaqaale ee Nxuba waxay ahayd dhismaha [[Orange-Fish River Tunnel]]. Waxaa la dhammaystiray 1975 oo dhererkeedu yahay 83 km wuxuu ka weeciyaa biyaha [[Gariep Dam]] ee [[Orange River]] ilaa Great Fish River ka dibna ilaa Addo Valley, [[Makhanda, South Africa|Makhanda]] iyo [[Gqeberha]] waraabka, isticmaalka qoyska iyo warshadaha.

Dhismaha tunnel-ka ayaa sidoo kale suurtageliyay sanadlaha ah [[Fish River Canoe Marathon]]. Laga soo bilaabo bilowgii hoose ee 1982 labada maalmood, 80 km dhacdada hadda waxay soo jiidataa in ka badan 1 500 oo kuwa doonyaha wata oo adduunka oo dhan ah.

Soojiidashada la xuso waa [[Mountain Zebra National Park]] kaliya 15 km magaalada, halkaas oo noocyada [[Mountain zebra|zebra]] ee mar halis ku jiray oo ay weheliyaan libaax, geeta, buffalo iyo noocyo badan oo antelope ah laga arki karo meel cajiib ah.

Soojiidashada lagu xuso magaalada waa &quot;tuishuise&quot; (guryaha-guriga), guryaha farsamada ee Victorian era oo si heer sare ah loo soo celiyay ee Market Street kuwaas oo ka mid ah Victoria Manor Hotel; [[NG church|Dutch Reformed Moederkerk]] oo soo bilaabatay 1868 waxaana loo qaabeeyay ka dib qaabka [[St Martin-in-the-Fields]] ee [[Trafalgar Square]], London; iyo [[List of heritage sites in Eastern Cape|Schreiner House]] halkaas oo qoraaga ''[[The Story of an African Farm]]'' ku noolaa iyadoo gabar yar ah. Guriga, oo ku yaal 9 Cross Street waana satellite-ka [[National English Literary Museum]], wuxuu ka kooban yahay bandhigyo casri ah oo muujinaya nolosha Olive Schreiner.

==Dadka caanka ah==
* [[William Faulds]], qaataha [[Victoria Cross]]
* General [[Pieter Hendrik Kritzinger]], Boer general iyo Assistant Commandant of the Forces of the Orange Free State iyo Commander-in-Chief of the Boer Rebel Forces in the Cape Colony intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Boer-ka labaad
* [[Douglas Gilfillan]], qareen iyo ururiyaha dhirta
* [[Olive Schreiner]], qoraa iyo u ololeeya xuquuqda aadanaha
* [[Guy Butler (poet)|Guy Butler]], qoraa iyo abwaan
* [[Etienne van Heerden]], qoraa iyo abwaan
* [[Neville Alexander]], qoraa
* [[James Arthur Calata]], wadaad iyo u ololeeya
* [[Mary Ngalo]], u ololeeya anti-apartheid
* [[Clifford Isaacs]], garsoore cricket
* [[T. O. Honiball]], kaartooniste
* [[Abe Bailey]], tycoon dheeman, siyaasi, maalgaliye iyo cricket
* [[Baby Michau]], ciyaaryahan rugby
* [[Sir Joseph Robinson, 1st Baronet]], magnate macdanta
* [[Paul Schoeman]], ciyaaryahan rugby
* [[Harry Smith (cricketer, born 1884)|Harry Smith]], cricket
* [[Joshua Stander]], ciyaaryahan rugby
* [[Deon Stegmann]], ciyaaryahan rugby
* [[George Weideman]], abwaan iyo qoraa
* [[Leigh Julius]], cayaaryahan
* Samantha Stander, qoraa, abwaan iyo cayaaryahan naaf ah{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www0.sun.ac.za/100/en/matie-voice/samantha-stander/ |title=Samantha Stander |access-date=17 June 2020 |archive-date=17 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617214851/https://www0.sun.ac.za/100/en/matie-voice/samantha-stander/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.iol.co.za/weekend-argus/student-determined-not-to-let-hip-disorder-grind-her-down-2007280 |title=Student determined not to let hip disorder grind her down |access-date=17 June 2020 |archive-date=19 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619030448/https://www.iol.co.za/weekend-argus/student-determined-not-to-let-hip-disorder-grind-her-down-2007280 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://saocr.co.za/2016/04/22/samantha-stander-the-grind/ |title=Interview with Samantha Stander |date=22 April 2016 |access-date=17 June 2020 |archive-date=17 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617232102/https://saocr.co.za/2016/04/22/samantha-stander-the-grind/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mabin |first=Alan |date=2021 |title=History and hope in Cradock, Eastern Cape |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/trn.2021.0015 |journal=Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa |volume=106 |issue=1 |pages=35–67 |doi=10.1353/trn.2021.0015 |s2cid=239828874 |issn=1726-1368|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Siyaasiyiin===
* [[Fort Calata]], u ololeeya anti-apartheid
* [[Matthew Goniwe]], u ololeeya anti-apartheid
* [[Sicelo Mhlauli]], u ololeeya anti-apartheid
* [[Sparrow Mkhonto]], u ololeeya anti-apartheid

==Coat of arms==
Cradock waxaa loo aasaasay degmo 1840. 1902, golaha magaalada waxay qaateen coat of arms.&lt;ref name=med&gt;Hubka waxaa lagu sawiray [http://southafricanmedals.com/index.php?page=shop.product_details&amp;flypage=flypage.tpl&amp;product_id=828&amp;category_id=1&amp;keyword=Cradock&amp;option=com_virtuemart&amp;Itemid=1 medallion] {{Wayback|url=http://southafricanmedals.com/index.php?page=shop.product_details&amp;flypage=flypage.tpl&amp;product_id=828&amp;category_id=1&amp;keyword=Cradock&amp;option=com_virtuemart&amp;Itemid=1 |date=20151222144550 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222144550/http://southafricanmedals.com/index.php?page=shop.product_details&amp;flypage=flypage.tpl&amp;product_id=828&amp;category_id=1&amp;keyword=Cradock&amp;option=com_virtuemart&amp;Itemid=1 |date=22 December 2015 }} oo la soo saaray 1902.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=cig&gt;Hubka waxaa lagu sawiray [http://www.ngw.nl/heraldrywiki/index.php?title=Category:UTC_South_African_town_arms cigarette card] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106052637/http://www.ngw.nl/heraldrywiki/index.php?title=Category:UTC_South_African_town_arms |date=6 January 2018 }} oo la soo saaray 1931.&lt;/ref&gt; Hubka waxaa si rasmi ah u bixiyay maamulaha gobolka Maajo 1966&lt;ref name=og1&gt;Cape of Good Hope ''Official Gazette'' 3348 (27 Maajo 1966).&lt;/ref&gt; waxaana lagu diiwaangeliyay [[Bureau of Heraldry]] Sebtembar 1969.

Hubka wuxuu ahaa: ''Quarterly: I, Argent, a tree Vert; II, Gules, a beehive, Or; III, Gules, a fleece Or; IV, Azure, a garb Or''. Erayada layman-ka, tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in gaashaan loo qaybiyay afar meelood oo muujinaya (1) geed cagaaran oo ku yaal asalka lacagta, (2) xiniinyo malab dahab ah oo ku yaal asalka cas, (3) dhogor dahab ah oo ku yaal asalka cas, iyo (4) xidhmo sarreen dahab ah oo ku yaal asalka buluugga ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;ngw._Crad&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Cradock |work=Heraldry of the World |access-date=2016-01-04 |url=http://www.ngw.nl/heraldrywiki/index.php?title=Cradock |archive-date=10 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910164514/http://www.ngw.nl/heraldrywiki/index.php?title=Cradock |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ilaa 1966, gaashaan waxaa hareereeyay laba baal oo gorayo ah. Waxaa lagu beddelay laba mountain zebras, sidii taageerayaal. Crest-ka wuxuu ahaa cornucopia iyo hal ku dhiggu wuxuu ahaa ''Perseverantia vincit''.

===Magac bixinta===
Cradock waxaa si rasmi ah loogu magacdaray Nxuba 26 Ogosto 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Cradock- Nxba |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/place/cradock-nxba |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=www.sahistory.org.za}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://businesstech.co.za/news/government/737785/all-the-new-name-changes-for-south-african-cities-towns-and-villages-in-2023/ | title=All the new name changes for South African cities, towns, and villages in 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Sidoo kale eeg==
* [[Beer Hall Boycott]]

==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
&lt;ref name=&quot;LogieSnaddon2006&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Logie |first1=Bartle |last2=Snaddon |first2=Ann |title=Water in the wilderness |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L3ARAQAAMAAJ |year=2006 |publisher=Bluecliff |isbn=9780620361637}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=established&gt;{{cite thesis |last=Robson |first=Linda Gillian |title=The Royal Engineers and settlement planning in the Cape Colony 1806–1872: Approach, methodology and impact |date=2011 |type=PhD thesis |publisher=University of Pretoria |chapter=Annexure A |chapter-url=https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/26503/05back.pdf?sequence=6&amp;isAllowed=y#page=31 |url=https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/26503 |hdl=2263/26503 |pages=xlv–lii |access-date=13 November 2022 |archive-date=26 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326030353/https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/26503 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Raper1989&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Raper |first=P. E. |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames#page/n123/mode/2up |year=1989 |publisher=Jonathan Ball Publishers |isbn=978-0-947464-04-2 |page=123 |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
* [http://www.thecradockfour.co.za The Cradock Four]
* [http://www.gardenroute.co.za/cradock/ Cradock South Africa Guide] {{Wayback|url=http://www.gardenroute.co.za/cradock/ |date=20200517132529 }}
* [http://www.go2africa.com/south-africa/settler-country/cradock/ Cradock history and other information] {{Wayback|url=http://www.go2africa.com/south-africa/settler-country/cradock/ |date=20041226155953 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041226155953/http://www.go2africa.com/south-africa/settler-country/cradock/ |date=26 December 2004 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051205081316/http://www.suntimes.co.za/explorer/05/13/today.asp Panoramas of Cradock and further information on the area]
* [https://www.sa-venues.com/attractionsec/cradock-four-memorial.php The Cradock Four Memorial]
* [http://www.sa-venues.com/attractionsec/cradock.php About Cradock]
* {{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Cradock |volume=7 |page=360}}
{{Geographic location
|Center    = Cradock
|North     = [[Steynsburg]] {{convert|96|km|0|abbr=off}} &lt;br /&gt; [[Hofmeyr]] {{cvt|63|km|mi|0}}
|East      = [[Tarkastad]] {{cvt|76|km|0}}, [[Queenstown, Eastern Cape|Queenstown]] {{cvt|120|km|mi|0}}
|Southeast = [[Bedford, Eastern Cape|Bedford]] {{cvt|85|km|mi|0}}
|Southwest = [[Pearston]]
|South     = [[Somerset East]] {{cvt|100|km|mi|0}}
|West      = [[Graaff-Reinet]] {{cvt|140|km|0}}
|Northwest = [[Middelburg, Eastern Cape|Middelburg]] {{cvt|95|km|0}}
|Northeast = [[Burgersdorp]], [[Aliwal North]]
}}
{{Chris Hani District Municipality}}
{{Authority control}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Webiga Mzimvubu</title>
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      <text bytes="8061" sha1="o0qit4ilkuz42fesjni0ijdbpnbsgy6" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox river
| name               = Webiga Mzimvubu
| name_other         = {{native name|xh|Umzimvubu River}}
| name_etymology     = Waxay ka dhigan tahay &quot;meesha [[hippopotamus|jeerka]]&quot; afka Xhosa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.salanguages.com/munnames.htm|title=South African Languages &amp;#124; Place names|website=www.salanguages.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!---------------------- IMAGE &amp; MAP --&gt;
| image              = IY188 pg018 THE MOUTH OF THE UMZIMVUBU 'GATES' OF ST JOHN'S RIVER, NATAL.jpg
| image_size         = 300px
| image_caption      = Mzimvubu &quot;gates&quot;
| map                = 
| map_size           = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = South Africa
| pushpin_map_size   = 
| pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu afka Webiga Mzimvubu ku yaallo
&lt;!---------------------- LOCATION --&gt;
| subdivision_type1  = Dal
| subdivision_name1  = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]
| subdivision_type2  = 
| subdivision_name2  = 
| subdivision_type3  = [[Provinces of South Africa|Gobol]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Eastern Cape Province|Gobolka Eastern Cape]]
| subdivision_type4  = 
| subdivision_name4  = 
| subdivision_type5  = 
| subdivision_name5  = 
&lt;!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --&gt;
| length             = {{convert|250|km|mi|abbr=on}} 
| width_min          = 
| width_avg          = 
| width_max          = 
| depth_min          = 
| depth_avg          = 
| depth_max          = 
| discharge1_location= 
| discharge1_min     = 
| discharge1_avg     = 
| discharge1_max     = 
&lt;!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --&gt;
| source1            = 
| source1_location   = [[Drakensberg]], [[Eastern Cape]]
| source1_coordinates= 
| source1_elevation  = {{convert|2050|m|abbr=on}}
| mouth              = [[Indian Ocean|Badweynta Hindiya]]
| mouth_location     = [[Port St. Johns]]
| mouth_coordinates  = {{coord|31|37|S|29|32|E|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_elevation    = {{convert|0|m|abbr=on}}
| progression        = 
| river_system       = 
| basin_size         = {{convert|19853|km2|abbr=on}}
| tributaries_left   = [[Kinira River (Mzimvubu)|Kinira]], [[Thina River|Thina]], [[Tsitsa River|Tsitsa]]
| tributaries_right  = [[Mzintlava River|Mzintlava]]
| custom_label       = 
| custom_data        = 
| extra              = 
}}
'''Webiga Mzimvubu''' ama '''Webiga Umzimvubu''' waa mid ka mid ah webiyada ugu muhiimsan [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa|title=myfundi.co.za|website=myfundi.co.za}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wuxuu ku yaallaa [[Eastern Cape Province|Gobolka Eastern Cape]].

==Koorsada==
Webigu wuxuu isha ku leeyahay gobolka waqooyi ee Eastern Cape, aagga [[Matatiele Local Municipality|Matatiele]] iyo [[Mount Fletcher]] oo u dhow xadka [[Lesotho]]. Mzimvubu wuxuu ku qulqulaa leexashooyin iyo qalloocyo guud ahaan jihada koonfur-bari wuxuuna ku shubmaa [[Indian Ocean|Badweynta Hindiya]] isagoo maraya doox aad u qurux badan oo loo yaqaan &quot;Gates of St John&quot; ilaa [[estuary|af-webi]] ku yaalla [[Port St. Johns]]. Wuxuu dhererkiisu yahay qiyaastii 400 km oo leh aag weysada oo dhan 19,853 km².&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/RiverECMzimvubu/defaultmain.htm |title=vn Rivers - Mzimvubu river |access-date=2012-03-26 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Inkastoo uu yahay mid ka mid ah webiyada waaweyn ee Koonfur Afrika, Mzimvubu iyo weysadiisu inta badan waa kuwo aan horumarin. Waqtigan xaadirka ah webigani waa qayb ka mid ah [[Mzimvubu to Keiskamma Water Management Area|Aagga Maareynta Biyaha ee Mzimvubu ilaa Keiskamma]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=https://scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1816-79502009000500018&amp;script=sci_arttext|title=Is there a role for traditional governance systems in South Africa's new water management regime?|first1=Farai|last1=Kapfudzaruwa|first2=Merle|last2=Sowman|date=13 October 2009|journal=Water SA|volume=35|issue=5|pages=683–692|doi=10.4314/wsa.v35i5.49195 |via=SciELO|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Taariikhda==
Sannadkii 1635 markabkii [[Portuguese Empire|Boortaqiiska]] 'Nossa Senhora de Belem' ayaa ku xayirmay afka Webiga Mzimvubu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mpondo Kingdom - The History of The Kingdom |url=http://www.mpondokingdom.co.za/history.html |access-date=2026-06-26 |archive-date=2013-07-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130704043140/http://www.mpondokingdom.co.za/history.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Webiga Mzimvubu wuxuu u qaybiyaa [[Pondoland]] bariga iyo galbeedka Pondoland.&lt;ref&gt;[http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06082007-090102/unrestricted/01chapter1.pdf Contributions to the ecology of Maputaland, Southern Africa]&lt;/ref&gt; Horey afka webiga waxaa loo isticmaali jiray deked, laakiin hawshan ayaa la joojiyay 1940-meeyadii markii af-webigu uu aad u qoto-dheeraaday maraakiibta waaweyn sababo la xiriira [[siltation|dhoobo-uruurinta]] iyo xaqiiqda ah in mararka qaarkood ciiddu ay xirto iridda. Waqtigan xaadirka ah af-webigu waa mid la mari karo oo kaliya maraakiibta yaryar qiyaastii 10 km oo kor u qaada webiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Paradise&quot;&gt;van der Merwe, E. and Costello, K. ''Port St. Johns, &quot;Paradise in Pondoland&quot; (2nd edition)''.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Gacan-biyoodyada==
Gacan-biyoodyada ugu waaweyn ee Webiga Mzimvubu waa [[Tsitsa River|Webiga Tsitsa]], [[Thina River|Webiga Thina]] (Tina), [[Kinira River (Mzimvubu)|Webiga Kinira]] iyo [[Mzintlava River|Webiga Mzintlava]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA12MzimvubuKeiskamma.jpg Mzimbuvu to Keiskamma WMA 12]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Deegaanka==
Qaar ka mid ah kalluunka laga qabto biyahiisa waa [[Rainbow trout|Oncorhynchus mykiss]], oo ah [[introduced species|nooc la soo geliyay]], [[Barbus anoplus]] iyo [[Anguilla mossambica]]; kuwa kale, sida [[Micropterus salmoides]] iyo [[Cyprinus carpio]], waa [[invasive species|noocyo duullaan ah]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/froc.asp FROC - Reference frequency of occurrence of fish species in South Africa]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Bull shark|Shark-ga Bull-ka]] ayaa inta badan yimaada biyaha waxaana la og yahay inay ku tarmaan webiga waxayna ku xiran yihiin weeraro taxane ah oo ka dhacay xeebaha u dhow.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://thesardine.co.za/sharks-and-sound-at-port-st-johns-second-beach/|title=Sharks and Sound at Port St Johns Second Beach|first=John|last=Costello|date=4 September 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hindisayaasha maareynta weysada ee qaybta sare ee webiga waxaa ka mid ah Barnaamijka Iskaashiga Weysada Umzimvubu, kaas oo ay aasaaseen Environmental and Rural Solutions iyo [[Conservation South Africa|Conservation Koonfur Afrika]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite report |title=Umzimvubu Catchment Partnership |publisher=WWF South Africa |url=https://wwfafrica.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/umzimvubu-wsp-factsheet.pdf?54825%2Fumzimvubu-catchment-partnership= |format=PDF}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Umzimvubu Catchment Partnership Programme |url=https://biodiversityinvestment.environment.gov.za/umzimvubu-catchment-partnership-programme |website=Biodiversity Sector Investment Portal |publisher=South African Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment |access-date=2026-06-26 |archive-date=2026-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260606165407/https://biodiversityinvestment.environment.gov.za/umzimvubu-catchment-partnership-programme |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sidoo kale eeg ==
* [[List of rivers of South Africa|Liiska webiyada Koonfur Afrika]]
* [[List of estuaries of South Africa|Liiska af-webiyada Koonfur Afrika]]
* [[Port St. Johns]]

==Tixraacyo==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/state_of_rivers/ecape_04/MZIMVUBU%20RIVER%20SPRING%20SURVEY.pdf Mzimvubu River Spring Survey] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/state_of_rivers/ecape_04/MZIMVUBU%20RIVER%20SPRING%20SURVEY.pdf |date=20160307013719 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120324002847/http://routes.co.za/ec/portstjohns/index.html Routes, Eastern Cape - Port St Johns]
*[http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1816-79502009000500018&amp;script=sci_arttext Is there a role for traditional governance systems in South Africa's new water management regime?]

{{Authority control}}</text>
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    <title>Webiga Chinko</title>
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      <text bytes="7729" sha1="85yzb436ff44dhywthfl5xdhqqwmq1u" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox river
| name               = Webiga Chinko
| name_native        = 
| name_native_lang   = 
| name_other         = 
| name_etymology     = 
| nickname           =
&lt;!---------------------- IMAGE--&gt;
| image              = 
| image_size         = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_alt          =
&lt;!---------------------- MAPS --&gt;
| map                = 
| map_size           = 
| map_caption        = 
| map_alt            = 
| pushpin_map        = Central African Republic
| pushpin_map_size   = 
| pushpin_map_caption= 
| pushpin_map_alt    = 
&lt;!---------------------- LOCATION --&gt;
| subdivision_type1  = Dal
| subdivision_name1  = [[Jamhuuriyadda Afrikada Dhexe]]
| subdivision_type2  = 
| subdivision_name2  = 
| subdivision_type3  = 
| subdivision_name3  = 
| subdivision_type4  = 
| subdivision_name4  = 
| subdivision_type5  = 
| subdivision_name5  = 
&lt;!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --&gt;
| length             = {{convert|420|km}}
| width_min          = 
| width_avg          = 
| width_max          = 
| depth_min          = 
| depth_avg          = 
| depth_max          = 
| discharge1_location= 
| discharge1_min     = 
| discharge1_avg     = {{convert|397|m3/s}} at [[Rafai]]
| discharge1_max     = 
&lt;!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --&gt;
| source1            = 
| source1_location   = 
| source1_coordinates= 
| source1_elevation  = 
| mouth              = [[Mbomou River|Webiga Mbomou]]
| mouth_location     = 
| mouth_coordinates  = {{Coord|4.834715|23.886484|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_elevation    = 
| progression        = 
| river_system       = [[Congo Basin|Dooxada Congo]]
| basin_size         = {{convert|52308|km2}}
| basin_landmarks    = 
| basin_population   = 
| tributaries_left   = 
| tributaries_right  = 
| waterbodies        = 
| waterfalls         = 
| bridges            = 
| ports              = 
| custom_label       = 
| custom_data        = 
| extra              = 
}}
'''Webiga Chinko''' (ama '''Webiga Shinko''') waa webi ku yaalla [[Central African Republic|Jamhuuriyadda Afrikada Dhexe]]. Waa gacan-biyoodka midig ee [[Mbomou River|Webiga Mbomou]].

== Deegaanka ==

Qaybaha sare ee webiga Chinko waxay qeexaan xadka u dhexeeya degmooyinka [[Haute-Kotto]] iyo [[Haut-Mbomou]].
Inta badan dhererkiisa wuxuu u qulqulaa jihada SSW isagoo maraya degmada [[Mbomou]] ilaa isku-biiriddiisa [[Mbomou River|Webiga Mbomou]].{{sfn|Relation: Chinko (3249708)}}
Bannaanka Mbomou wuxuu leeyahay joog dhan {{convert|500|-|700|m}}, waxyar oo u janjeera koonfurta, oo ku yaalla kor u kaca Asande ee u dhexeeya niyad-jabka [[Lake Chad|Harada Chad]] oo dhanka waqooyi ah iyo [[Congo Basin|Dooxada Congo]] oo dhanka koonfureed ah.{{sfn|Runge|2013|p=70}}

[[Chinko Nature Reserve|Kaydka Dabiiciga ah ee Chinko]] waa aag la ilaaliyo oo ku yaalla dooxada Webiga Chinko.
Waxay daboolaysaa {{convert|17600|km2}}.{{sfn|Woods|2016}}
Waxaa maamula ururka ilaalinta deegaanka ee aan macaash doonka ahayn ee [[African Parks]] iyadoo qayb ka ah [[public–private partnership|is-kaashi dadweyne iyo mid gaar ah]] oo konton sano ah oo ay la leeyihiin Wasaaradda Biyaha, Kaymaha, Ugaarsiga iyo Kalluumeysiga.{{sfn|African Parks takes over management ...}}{{sfn|Woods|2016}}
[[African wild dog|Eeyaha duurjoogta ah ee Afrika]] ayaa lagu diiwaan geliyay koonfurta CAR ee Chinko/[[Mbari River|Mbari]] [[drainage basin|dooxada biyaha]] 2013.{{sfn|Hickisch|Aebischer|2013|p=8-11}}

Iyada oo lagu salaynayo sahan la sameeyay horraantii 2026, Chinko waxaa loo tixgeliyaa mid ka mid ah biyaha ugu nadiifsan Afrika.

== Taariikh ==

Qiyaastii 1800 Kassanga, oo ahaa hoggaamiye Bandia ah, ayaa aasaasay boqortooyo ku taal dooxada Shinko, oo markii dambe loo yaqaanay boqortooyada Rafai.{{sfn|Bradshaw|Fandos-Rius|2016|p=lii}}
Kassanga wuxuu ahaa awoowga weyn ee [[Sultan Rafai]].{{sfn|Bradshaw|Fandos-Rius|2016|p=365}}
Sarkaal Belgian ah Charles Kéthule de Ryove (1865–1903) ayaa loo xilsaaray sahaminta sare ee Uele bishii Agoosto 1891.
Bishii Maarso 1892 wuxuu sahamiyay gobolka u dhexeeya webiyada Mbomou iyo Shinko.
Wuxuu la kulmay Sultan Rafai, oo ku dhawaaqay daacadnimadiisa Congo Free State.
Kéthule de Ryove wuxuu deggenaa maxkamadda Rafai laga bilaabo 1892 ilaa 1894.{{sfn|Bradshaw|Fandos-Rius|2016|p=367}}
Wuxuu ku qoray maqaal 1895 ''Le sultanat de Rafaï'' (''Le Congo illustré'') in ku dhawaad dhammaan dadka deggan ay ku hadli karaan af Carabi, oo ay ku jiraan suldaanka, madaxda iyo askarta.{{sfn|Luffin|2004|p=151}} 
1894 Belgian [[Léon Hanolet]] ayaa kor u qaaday [[Mbari River|Webiga Mbari]], oo ah gacan-biyood kale oo Bomu ah, halka [[Théodore Nilis]] uu kor u qaaday Webiga Chinko.{{sfn|Ergo|2013|p=2}}

== Xusuusin ==
{{notes}}{{reflist|30em}}

== Isha ==
{{refbegin}}
*{{citation|url=https://africageographic.com/blog/african-parks-takes-over-management-of-protected-area-in-central-african-republic/|access-date=12 September 2017|title=African Parks takes over management of protected area in Central African Republic|ref={{harvid|African Parks takes over management ...}}|date=12 December 2014|website=Africa Geographic|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150401073145/http://africageographic.com/blog/african-parks-takes-over-management-of-protected-area-in-central-african-republic/|archive-date=2015-04-01|url-status=dead}}
*{{citation
 |last1=Bradshaw|first1=Richard|last2=Fandos-Rius|first2=Juan|title=Historical Dictionary of the Central African Republic|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aSxIDAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA52
 |access-date=29 August 2020|date=27 May 2016|publisher=Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers|isbn=978-0-8108-7992-8}}
*{{citation |url=http://abergo1.e-monsite.com/medias/files/postes-fortifies-de-l-uele-fl-1.pdf |access-date=2020-08-27 |chapter=Les postes fortifiés de la frontière Nord de l’État Indépendant du Congo |last=Ergo |first=André-Bernard |title=Histoire du Congo |year=2013 |archive-date=2022-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525123939/http://abergo1.e-monsite.com/medias/files/postes-fortifies-de-l-uele-fl-1.pdf |url-status=dead }}
*{{citation |last1=Hickisch |first1=R. |last2=Aebischer |first2=T. |year=2013 |title=Evidence of African wild dogs in the Central African Republic
 |journal=Canid Biology and Conservation |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=8–11 |url=http://www.canids.org/CBC/16/wild_dogs_in_CAR.pdf}}
*{{citation |url=https://org.uib.no/smi/sa/15/15Luffin.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418132049/http://org.uib.no/smi/sa/15/15Luffin.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 18, 2016 |access-date=2020-08-27 |journal=Sudanic Africa |volume=15 |year=2004 |pages=145-177
 |last=Luffin|first=Xavier|title=The Use Of Arabic As A Written Language In Central Africa The Case Of The Uele Basin (Northern Congo) In The Late Nineteenth Century}}
*{{citation |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/3249708 |access-date=2020-08-29 
 |title=Relation: Chinko (3249708) |work=OpenStreetMap |ref={{harvid|Relation: Chinko (3249708)}} }} 
*{{citation
 |last=Runge|first=Juergen|title=New Studies on Former and Recent Landscape Changes in Africa: Palaeoecology of Africa 32|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FToTAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA70
 |access-date=29 August 2020|date=15 November 2013|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-138-00116-9}}
*{{citation |archive-date=2017-08-08|url-status=live
 |last1=Woods|first1=Elliott D.|title=The Fight for Chinko|journal=[[Virginia Quarterly Review]]|date=Summer 2016|url=http://www.vqronline.org/reporting-articles/2016/07/fight-chinko
 |access-date=12 September 2017|publisher=[[University of Virginia]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808093648/http://www.vqronline.org/reporting-articles/2016/07/fight-chinko}}
{{refend}}
{{authority control}}</text>
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    <title>Biyo xireenka Tichy-Haf</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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| name                  = Biyo-xireenka Tichy-Haf
| location              = [[Gobolka Béjaïa|Béjaïa]]
| dam_type              = [[Biyo-xireen qaanso-cufis ah]]
| construction_began    = 1999
| opening               = 2009
| cost                  = 
| owner                 = Agence Nationale des Barrages et Transferts
| res_name              = Kaydka Tichy-Haf
| res_capacity_total    = 80 milyan oo mitir kuyuub
| location_map          = Algeria
| coordinates           = {{coord|36|25|45.05|N|4|39|8.46|E|type:structure|display = inline}}
| location_map_caption  = Biyo-xireen ku yaalla Algeria
| country               = [[Algeria]]
| purpose               = I
| dam_height_foundation = 90 m
| res_surface           = 5km2
| res_max_length        = 2km
}}

Biyo-xireenka '''Tichy-Haf''' waa [[biyo-xireen qaanso-cufis ah]] oo ku yaalla [[Webiga Bou Sellam|Oued Bousellam]] oo ku yaalla [[Mahfouda]], [[Bouhamza|Degmada Bouhamza]], [[Gobolka Béjaïa|Béjaïa]], [[Algeria]].

==Taariikhda==
Dhismaha biyo-xireenka ayaa bilaabmay dhammaadkii 1990-meeyadii oo ay bilowday shirkadda [[Yugoslavia|Yugoslav]] ee Hydrotchnika, ka dibna ay dhammaystirtay shirkadda Algeria ee Cosider Group. Biyo-xireenka waxaa la dhammaystiray 2008, waxaana la furay 26-kii Febraayo 2009. Biyo-xireenku wuxuu soo saaraa 47 milyan oo mitir kuyuub sannadkii oo biyo la cabbi karo ah oo loogu talagalay marin-biyoodka Akbou-Béjaïa, iyo 43 milyan oo mitir kuyuub sannadkii oo loogu talagalay waraabka. Biyo-xireenka agtiisa waxaa ku yaalla Warshadda Daweynta ee Tichy-Haf, taas oo leh awood dhan 120,000 oo mitir kuyuub maalintii, dhuun-biyood dhererkeedu yahay 70km iyo haamo lagu kaydiyo oo leh awood dhan {{cvt|42,000|m3}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nieuwe Trends Voor Heren &amp; Dames |url=http://www.soudoud-dzair.com/index.php?action=esmap_vect&amp;table=chahidgis_barrage&amp;id=66 |website=Soudoud Dzair }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Lixaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |title=EN RAISON DE LA VALEUR “TRÈS ÉLEVÉE” DE LA TURBIDITÉ : L’ADE de Béjaïa suspend la distribution d’eau du barrage de Tichy Haf - L’Actualité : Liberté |url=https://www.liberte-algerie.com/actualite/l-ade-de-bejaia-suspend-la-distribution-d-eau-du-barrage-de-tichy-haf-367254 |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=www.liberte-algerie.com |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Youcef |first=BELHANI |date=1980-01-31 |title=ESMA, Développement des applications full web, Webmapping |url=http://197.112.0.211/soudoud-dzair/index.php?action=esmap_vect&amp;table=chahidgis_barrage&amp;id=66 |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=197.112.0.211 |language=fr-FR |archive-date=2024-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524085646/http://197.112.0.211/soudoud-dzair/index.php?action=esmap_vect&amp;table=chahidgis_barrage&amp;id=66 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Boudjadi |first=Kamel |date=2024-07-18 |title=De l’eau à partir du barrage de Bouhamza |url=https://www.lexpression.dz/societe/de-l-eau-a-partir-du-barrage-de-bouhamza-383681 |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=L'Expression}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |title=L'Expression:  Société - De l’eau à partir du barrage de Bouhamza |url=https://www.lexpression.dz/societe/de-l-eau-a-partir-du-barrage-de-bouhamza-383681 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240718032521/https://www.lexpression.dz/societe/de-l-eau-a-partir-du-barrage-de-bouhamza-383681 |archive-date=2024-07-18 |access-date=2026-03-13 |work=L'Expression |language=fr-dz |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=samir |date=2017-07-10 |title=TIFRA. Les habitants bloquent la mairie - |url=https://leflaye.net/tifra-les-habitants-bloquent-la-mairie |access-date=2026-03-13 |language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tichy haf |url=https://www.anbt.dz/en/tichy-haf-2/ }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Todobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rédaction |date=2025-01-16 |title=Bejaïa : Le barrage de Tichy Haff reçoit un million de mètres cubes en 48 heures |url=https://lavoiedalgerie.dz/bejaia-le-barrage-de-tichy-haff-recoit-un-million-de-metres-cubes-en-48-heures/2025/16/13/ |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=La voie dAlgérie |language=fr-FR }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Todobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhismaha biyo-xireenka iyo kaydka biyuhu wuxuu ku yaallay dhul-beereed hore, kaas oo dadka degaanku ay ka mudaaharaadeen dhismihiisa sannadihii 2000-meeyadii iyo 2011-kii. Sannadkii 2023 biyo-xireenku wuxuu ahaa 6% oo keliya awooddiisa, taas oo keentay in ceelal biyood laga qodo dooxada iyo in kaydka biyuhu uu qayb ahaan qallalo.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=samir |date=2011-09-19 |title=Béjaïa en proie à la protestation - |url=https://leflaye.net/bejaia-en-proie-a-la-protestation |access-date=2026-03-13 |language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dadka degaanku waxay inta badan u isticmaalaan biyo-xireenka iyo kaydka biyaha dabaasha, quusitaanka, doon-wadidda, waxaana jira geedo saytuun ah oo safan dhinaca webiga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rabah |first=Irbah |date=2015-08-03 |title=Barrage de Tichy Haf (Béjaïa) : Des baigneurs bravent le danger |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/elwatan/500863 |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=Djazairess |archive-date=2017-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202052653/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/elwatan/500863 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Commune de Darguina : Un programme pour désenclaver les villages |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/elwatan/106446 |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=Djazairess |archive-date=2017-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203153758/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/elwatan/106446 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Kalluumeysigu wuxuu kaloo ka dhacaa kaydka biyaha, gaar ahaan [[Common carp]] iyo [[Common bream]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Pêche continentale sur le barrage de Tichy Haf |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/latribune/10078 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230623001853/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/latribune/10078 |archive-date=2023-06-23 |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=www.djazairess.com |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa khatar in lagu dabaasho ama lagu quusto meel aad ugu dhow biyo-xireenka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Amghar |first=Kamel |date=2009-08-05 |title=Dangers omniprésents dans de nombreuses localités à Béjaïa |url=https://www.djazairess.com/fr/latribune/20731 |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=Djazairess |archive-date=2017-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203153914/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/latribune/20731 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyo ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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    <title>Buundada Brazzaville–Kinshasa</title>
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| name                = Buundada Brazzaville–Kinshasa
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| native_name_lang    = 
| image               = Kinshasa &amp; Brazzaville - ISS007-E-6305 lrg.jpg
| image_upright       = 
| alt                 = 
| caption             = Brazzaville iyo Kinshasa
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| length              = 1,575m
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}}
'''Buundada Brazzaville–Kinshasa''' waa mashruuc dhismaha [[buundada waddo iyo tareen]] oo la soo jeediyay in laga dhiso [[Wabiga Kongo]]. Waxay ku xiri lahayd [[Jamhuuriyadda Kongo]] iyo [[Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiiga Kongo]] caasimadahooda, [[Brazzaville]] iyo [[Kinshasa]]. Bishii Febraayo 2026, saraakiil ka socda labada waddan ayaa ansixiyay heshiis laba geesood ah oo lagu aasaasay nidaam canshuur iyo kastam oo isku mid ah oo loogu talagalay mashruuca, waxayna sheegeen in tani ay u oggolaan doonto in dib loo bilaabo habka codsiga soo-jeedinta.&lt;ref name=&quot;ACGT-2026&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Pont route-rail Kinshasa–Brazzaville : la RDC et le Congo s’accordent sur un régime fiscal commun |url=https://acgt.cd/2026/02/06/pont-route-rail-kinshasa-brazzaville-la-rdc-et-le-congo-saccordent-sur-un-regime-fiscal-commun/ |website=Agence Congolaise des Grands Travaux |language=fr |date=6 February 2026 |access-date=18 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RadioOkapi-2026&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Pont entre Kinshasa et Brazzaville: validation de l'accord bilatéral sur l’application du régime fiscal |url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/05/actualite/economie/pont-entre-kinshasa-et-brazzaville-validation-de-laccord-bilateral-sur |website=Radio Okapi |language=fr |date=5 February 2026 |access-date=18 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taariikh ==
Magaalooyinka [[Brazzaville]] iyo [[Kinshasa]], oo ah caasimadaha [[Jamhuuriyadda Kongo]] (ROC) iyo [[Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiiga Kongo]] (DRC), waxay ku yaallaan dhinacyada iska soo horjeeda ee [[Wabiga Kongo]]. Waa caasimadaha qaran ee ugu dhow Dunida (marka laga reebo [[Vatican City]], oo ku taal [[Rome]], maadaama magaalada-gobolku aysan lahayn caasimad).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Jennings |first1=Ken |author-link=Ken Jennings |title=The World's Closest Capitals Are Just 2 Miles Apart |url=https://www.cntraveler.com/story/the-worlds-closest-capitals-are-just-2-miles-apart |access-date=8 September 2021 |work=Condé Nast Traveler |date=6 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027064801/https://www.cntraveler.com/story/the-worlds-closest-capitals-are-just-2-miles-apart |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;14apr03&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Relance du projet d'érection d'un pont sur le fleuve Congo entre Kinshasa et Brazzaville |url=http://www.congopage.com/Relance-du-projet-d-erection-d-un |trans-title=Dib u soo celinta mashruuca dhismaha buundo ka gudbaysa Wabiga Kongo ee u dhexeeya Kinshasa iyo Brazzaville |access-date=8 September 2021 |work=Congopage |date=14 April 2003 |language=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141107191610/http://www.congopage.com/Relance-du-projet-d-erection-d-un |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Qorshayaasha buundo ka gudbaysa Wabiga Kongo si ay ugu xirto labada waddan ayaa la maalgeliyay 1991 laakiin waa la joojiyay 1993 sababtoo ah la'aanta maalgelin ku filan iyo qalalaasaha ROC.&lt;ref name=&quot;14apr03&quot;/&gt;

Mashruuca waxaa dib loo soo nooleeyay toban sano ka dib 2003 by ROC's Transport Infrastructure Unit (''Cellule d’infrastructures de transport''), kaas oo horey ula shaqeeyay [[Midowga Yurub]] mashaariic la mid ah oo ka socda [[Afrikata Dhexe]].&lt;ref name=&quot;14apr03&quot;/&gt; Buundada la soo jeediyay ayaa loo raray dhinaca hoose si looga faa'iidaysto sariirta wabiga ee cidhiidhiga ah oo dhagax ah taas oo sahlaysa dhismaha tiirarka buundada. Qiimaha dhismaha ayaa lagu qiyaasay inuu u dhexeeyo 40 milyan ilaa 80 milyan oo Yuuro sanadkii 2003.&lt;ref name=&quot;14apr03&quot;/&gt; Janaayo 2004, mashruuca waxaa ansixiyay [[Bulshada Dhaqaalaha ee Wadamada Afrikata Dhexe]] (ECCAS), kaas oo markaas lagu qiyaasay inuu ku kacayo 403 milyan oo Yuuro.&lt;ref name=&quot;29aug12&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=RDC – Congo : un pont pour relier Kinshasa et Brazzaville ? |trans-title=DRC - Congo: buundo lagu xiro Kinshasa iyo Brazzaville? |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/140341/archives-thematique/rdc-congo-un-pont-pour-relier-kinshasa-et-brazzaville/ |access-date=8 September 2021 |work=jeuneafrique |date=29 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517013231/https://www.jeuneafrique.com/140341/archives-thematique/rdc-congo-un-pont-pour-relier-kinshasa-et-brazzaville/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mashruuca ayaa hakaday 2005 markii madaxa shaqaalaha madaxweynaha DRC [[Léonard She Okitundu]] uu sheegay in mashruucu uu si xun u saameyn doono dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqaale ee magaalooyinka dekedda ee [[Boma, Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiiga Kongo|Boma]] iyo [[Matadi]], kuwaas oo ah ka qaybqaatayaasha muhiimka ah ee dhaqaalaheeda. DRC way diidday inay ansixiso mashruuca buundada iyada oo aan ballanqaad ka helin [[Iskaashiga Cusub ee Horumarinta Afrika]] (NEPAD) si ay u maalgeliso deked biyo qoto dheer oo ku taal [[Banana, Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiiga Kongo|Banana]], magaaladeeda kaliya ee ku taal xeebta Atlantic. Okitundu wuxuu kaloo xaqiijiyay in cunaqabataynta [[Midowga Afrika]] ay ka dhigan tahay in DRC laga saaray wada xaajoodyada NEPAD ee ku saabsan mashaariicda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=La Rdc s'oppose au projet pont - route- rail entre Kinshasa et Brazzaville |url=http://www.congopage.com/La-Rdc-s-oppose-au-projet-pont |access-date=8 September 2021 |work=Congopage |date=26 August 2005 |language=fr |trans-title=DRC waxay ka soo horjeedaa mashruuca buundada - waddo - tareen ee u dhexeeya Kinshasa iyo Brazzaville |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111918/http://www.congopage.com/La-Rdc-s-oppose-au-projet-pont |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Warbixin 2010 oo ka timid [[Bangiga Adduunka]] ayaa sheegtay in buundada la soo jeediyay ay halkii ay ka kordhin lahayd taraafikada badda ee [[Pointe-Noire]], magaalada dekedda ugu weyn ee ROC ee Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Infrastructure de la République du Congo : Une perspective continentale |trans-title=Kaabayaasha Jamhuuriyadda Kongo: Aragti Qaaradeed |url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFRICA/Resources/AICD-RC_Country_Report-FR.pdf |website=Bangiga Adduunka |access-date=8 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024085914/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFRICA/Resources/AICD-RC_Country_Report-FR.pdf |language=fr |page=1 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ka dib daraasad 2009, mashruuca wuxuu ahaa mid aan firfircooneyn ilaa kulan lagu qabtay labada waddan ee [[Libreville]], Gabon bishii Disembar 2016. Janaayo 2017, ECCAS waxay dib u hawlgelisay mashruuca, iyada oo [[Bangiga Horumarinta Afrika]] uu ballanqaaday 250 milyan oo Yuuro mashruuca.&lt;ref name=&quot;25jan17&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Un pont reliant Brazzaville et Kinshasa: le projet se précise |trans-title=Buundo ku xirta Brazzaville iyo Kinshasa: mashruucu wuxuu qaadanayaa qaab |url=https://actualite.cd/2017/01/25/pont-reliant-brazzaville-kinshasa-projet-se-precise/ |access-date=8 September 2021 |work=Actualite |date=25 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912191904/https://actualite.cd/2017/01/25/pont-reliant-brazzaville-kinshasa-projet-se-precise/ |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Labada Kongo waxay ahayd inay ururiyaan 110 milyan oo Yuuro ee hartay oo ay raadiyaan deeq-bixiyeyaal 40 milyan oo Yuuro oo dheeraad ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;25jan17&quot;/&gt; Heshiis ayaa si rasmi ah loo saxiixay Noofambar 2018 inta u dhaxaysa ROC iyo DRC ee 1,575m-dheer buundada toll si ay ugu xirto caasimadahooda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Alfa Shaban |first1=Abdur Rahman |title=Congos separated by River Congo to link up with $550m bridge |url=https://www.africanews.com/2018/11/15/congos-separated-by-river-congo-to-link-up-with-550m-bridge// |access-date=8 September 2021 |work=Africanews |date=15 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027150337/https://www.africanews.com/2018/11/15/congos-separated-by-river-congo-to-link-up-with-550m-bridge/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shaqada dhismaha ayaa tan iyo markii dib loo dhigay si isdaba joog ah iyo shaqada waxaa la filayay inay bilaabato 2023.&lt;ref name=&quot;25jan17&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.africanews.com/2019/05/16/road-rail-bridge-between-brazzaville-and-kinshasa |title=Road-rail bridge between Brazzaville and Kinshasa [Business Africa] |work=Africanews |date=16 May 2019 |access-date=26 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200226093511/https://www.africanews.com/2019/05/16/road-rail-bridge-between-brazzaville-and-kinshasa// |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;23mar20&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Woof |first1=MJ |title=Congo-Congo Congo crossing connection construction |url=https://www.worldhighways.com/news/congo-congo-congo-crossing-connection-construction |access-date=8 September 2021 |work=World Highways |date=23 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908195808/https://www.worldhighways.com/news/congo-congo-congo-crossing-connection-construction |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Buundada ayaa la filayaa in la dhammeeyo 2028.&lt;ref name=&quot;23mar20&quot;/&gt;

Bishii Febraayo 2025, saraakiisha Kongo ayaa sheegay in tartanka lagu dooranayo heshiis-qaataha uu furmi doono Juun 2025 iyo in heshiis-qaataha la dooran doono Sebtembar 2025, iyadoo xiritaanka maaliyadeedna uu raaci doono.&lt;ref name=&quot;Adiac-2025&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Pont route-rail Brazzaville-Kinshasa : le concessionnaire sera désigné en septembre |url=https://www.adiac-congo.com/content/pont-route-rail-brazzaville-kinshasa-le-concessionnaire-sera-designe-en-septembre-162735 |website=Les Dépêches de Brazzaville |language=fr |date=11 February 2025 |access-date=18 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Febraayo 2026, si kastaba ha ahaatee, saraakiil ka socda labada waddan ayaa sheegay in qaab-dhismeedka canshuuraha iyo kastamka ee dib loo habeeyay ay oggolaan doonto in habka codsiga soo-jeedinta dib loo bilaabo maalmaha soo socda.&lt;ref name=&quot;ACGT-2026&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RadioOkapi-2026&quot; /&gt;

[[Africa50]] ayaa sii waday inay nafteeda ku sharraxdo 2026 inay tahay horumariyaha hormuudka u ah mashruuca, masuul ka ah dhisidda iskaashiga dadweynaha iyo kuwa gaarka loo leeyahay iyo hoggaaminta diyaarinta mashruuca iyo marxaladda horumarinta.&lt;ref name=&quot;Africa50&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Bridge Linking Kinshasa and Brazzaville |url=https://www.africa50.com/our-funds/projects/bridge-linking-kinshasa-and-brazzaville/ |website=Africa50 |access-date=18 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Cabbirka ==
Xiriirka tareenka wuxuu noqon doonaa waddo hal waddo ah. Labada dhinac ee buundada waxay isticmaalaan isku mid 1067mm cabbirka. Waafaqsanaanta [[AIHSRN]] biraha saddexaad ama [[Dual Gauge]] sariiraha waa in la bixiyaa.

== Sidoo kale eeg ==
{{Portal|Afrika}}
* [[Liiska buundooyinka waddo-tareen]]
* [[Saldhigyada tareenka ee Jamhuuriyadda Kongo]]
* [[Liiska saldhigyada tareenka ee Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiiga Kongo]]
* [[Waddada Tripoli-Cape Town]]
* [[Shabakadda Waddada Afrika]]
* [[Xiriirka Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiiga Kongo-Jamhuuriyadda Kongo]]
* [[Kinshasa–Brazzaville]]

== Tixraac ==
{{reflist}}

{{coord|04|19|16|S| 15|14|08|E|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brazzaville-Kinshasa Bridge}}</text>
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    <title>Harada Kachera</title>
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| name            = Harada Kachera
| other_name      = 
| image           = Lake Kachira.jpg
| caption         = Khariidadda dayax-gacmeedka ee Harada Kachira
| location        = [[Rakai District|Degmada Rakai]]
| coordinates     = {{Coord|type:waterbody|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| type            = Biyo macaan
| part_of         = [[Lake Victoria|Webiga Harada Fiktooriya]]
| inflow          = [[River Rwizi|Webiga Rwizi]]
| basin_countries = Uganda
| length          = {{cvt|20|km}}
| width           = {{cvt|3.5|km}}
| area            = {{cvt|42|km2|sqmi}}
| depth           = 
| outflow         = [[Kagera River|Webiga Kagera]]
}}
'''Harada Kachera''' oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanno '''Harada Kachira, Harada Kacheera, Harada Kakyera''' iyo '''Harada Kachra''' waa haro biyo macaan oog u dhow oo ku taal [[Rakai District|Degmada Rakai]] iyo [[Mbarara District|Degmada Mbarara]] ee Uganda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:63&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 January 2021 |title=Smelly water threatens livelihoods in lyantonde |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/smelly-water-threatens-livelihoods-in-lyantonde-1512590 |access-date=22 May 2024 |website=Monitor |language=en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fred |first=Turyakira |date=4 June 2021 |title=Companies asked for support to save river Rwizi |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/agriculture/companies-asked-for-support-to-save-river-rwi-NV_105223 |access-date=21 May 2024 |website=New Vision }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:07&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://www.umb.no/statisk/e-bok/document/Rakai_development_plan.pdf |title=THREE YEAR PRODUCTION SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PLAN |publisher=RAKAI DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT |location=Uganda |pages=6, 8, 14, 15 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=9 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109045109/http://www.umb.no/statisk/e-bok/document/Rakai_development_plan.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;OpenStreetMap&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=OpenStreetMap |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/search |access-date=22 May 2024 |website=OpenStreetMap |language=en |archive-date=7 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307213415/https://www.openstreetmap.org/search |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Rakai launches campaign for sustainable fishing on Lake Kachera, Kijanebarola |url=https://www.independent.co.ug/rakai-launches-campaign-for-sustainable-fishing-on-lake-kachera-kijanebarola/ |access-date=22 May 2024 |website=The Independent Uganda |language=en-US |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522103849/https://www.independent.co.ug/rakai-launches-campaign-for-sustainable-fishing-on-lake-kachera-kijanebarola/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lake Kachira lake, Western Region, Uganda |url=https://ug.geoview.info/lake_kachira,232904 |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=ug.geoview.info }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay qayb ka tahay nidaamka dhulka qoyan ee Mburo-Nakivale iyo sidoo kale qayb ka mid ah nidaamka isku xiran ee harooyinka loo yaqaanno harooyinka Koki kuwaas oo ay kala qaybiyaan dhiiqooyin baaxad leh.&lt;ref name=&quot;:45&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Dismas |first=Mbabazi |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/78049050.pdf |title=Rapid assessment of the fish biodiversity of the Mburo-Nakivali wetland systems and Opeta-Bisina wetland systems, Uganda |date=1 January 2009 |publisher=Nature Uganda |location=Uganda |pages=76, 77, 80 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522131044/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/78049050.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lake Kachera |url=https://www.insidelakemburonationalpark.com/lake-kachera-lake-mburo.html |access-date=22 May 2024 |website=Inside Lake Mburo National Park |language=en-US }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:32&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Kibwika |first=Daniel |url=http://hdl.handle.net/1834/35204 |title=Biodiversity of Lake Victoria: Its conservation and sustainable use |chapter=Human activities and interests within and around lakes of the Victoria and Kyoga basin and their consequences to sustainable fish production, Biodiversity of Lake Victoria: Its conservation and sustainable use |date=2000 |publisher=National Fisheries Resources Research Institute (NaFIRRI) |location=Uganda |publication-date=2000 |pages=4, 7 |hdl=1834/35204 |language=en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:53&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Eric O. |first1=Odada |url=https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/7987/environment_development.pdf |title=Environment for Development: An Ecosystems Assessment of Lake Victoria Basin Environmental and Socio-economic Status, Trends and Human Vulnerabilities |last2=Daniel O. |first2=Olago |last3=Washington O. |first3=Ochola |date=2006 |publisher=United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and Pan African START Secretariat (PASS) |location=Kenya |pages=79, 83, 93, 98, 102, 104, 109, 110, 111 |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522131044/https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/7987/environment_development.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lake Kachera |url=https://www.insidelakemburonationalpark.com/lake-kachera-lake-mburo.html |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=Inside Lake Mburo National Park |language=en-US }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay kaloo ka mid tahay harooyinka ka tirsan harooyinka ku hareereysan Fiktooriya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:32&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:53&quot; /&gt;

== Goobta ==
Harada Kachera waxay ku taal [[Mbarara District|Degmada Mbarara]] ee qaybta Galbeed ee [[Uganda]]. Harada Kachera waxay ku taal iskudhafka coordinates-ka ee {{Coord|-0.595|31.115}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;OpenStreetMap&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lake Kachera |url=https://mbararatours.com/attractions/lake-kachera.html |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=Mbarara Tours |language=en-US |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617142344/https://mbararatours.com/attractions/lake-kachera.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Harada Kachera waxay ku taal dherer dhab ah oo ah {{Convert|1232|m|ft|abbr=off}} ka sarreeya heerka badda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot;/&gt; Waxay u dhow dahay [[Lake Mburo National Park|Beerta Qaranka ee Harada Mburo]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://www.umb.no/statisk/e-bok/document/Rakai_development_plan.pdf |title=THREE YEAR PRODUCTION SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PLAN |publisher=RAKAI DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT |location=Uganda |pages=6, 8, 14, 15 |language=en |access-date=2026-06-28 |archive-date=2023-11-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109045109/http://www.umb.no/statisk/e-bok/document/Rakai_development_plan.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:42&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Dismas |first=Mbabazi |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/78049050.pdf |title=Rapid assessment of the fish biodiversity of the Mburo-Nakivali wetland systems and Opeta-Bisina wetland systems, Uganda |date=1 January 2009 |publisher=Nature Uganda |location=Uganda |pages=76, 77, 80 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522131044/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/78049050.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Harada Kachera waa qayb ka mid ah nidaamka Harooyinka Koki kuwaas oo laga soo gooyay Harada Fiktooriya kordhinta dhiiqooyin baaxad leh awgeed, waxaanay sidoo kale tahay mid ka mid ah harooyinka ka tirsan harooyinka ku hareereysan Fiktooriya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:32&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:42&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:52&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Eric O. |first1=Odada |url=https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/7987/environment_development.pdf |title=Environment for Development: An Ecosystems Assessment of Lake Victoria Basin Environmental and Socio-economic Status, Trends and Human Vulnerabilities |last2=Daniel O. |first2=Olago |last3=Washington O. |first3=Ochola |date=2006 |publisher=United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and Pan African START Secretariat (PASS) |location=Kenya |pages=79, 83, 93, 98, 102, 104, 109, 110, 111 |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522131044/https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/7987/environment_development.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:62&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 January 2021 |title=Smelly water threatens livelihoods in lyantonde |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/smelly-water-threatens-livelihoods-in-lyantonde-1512590 |access-date=22 May 2024 |website=Monitor |language=en |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522162018/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/smelly-water-threatens-livelihoods-in-lyantonde-1512590 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Harooyinka Koki waxay ka kooban yihiin Harada Kachera, [[Lake Mburo|Harada Mburo]], [[Lake Kijanebalola|Harada Kijanebalola]] iyo [[Lake Nakivali|Harada Nakivali]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:52&quot; /&gt;

== Juqraafiga iyo samaysanka ==
Ka dib [[1997–98 El Niño event|dhacadii El Niño ee 1997–98]], Harada Kacheera waxay lumisay inta badan biyaheeda oo u gudbay dhanka Harada Fiktooriya sababo la xiriira qulqul weyn oo biyo ah oo soo maray Harada Kijjanebarora, waxaanay heerkeedu hoos u dhacay 3 mitir.&lt;ref name=&quot;:32&quot;/&gt; Harada Kachera waxay sidoo kale lumisay jasiiraddeedii dul falan jirtay oo u ahaan jirtay gabbaad kalluunka.&lt;ref name=&quot;:32&quot; /&gt; Xeebaha harada waxaa qariyay dhiiqooyin, duur iyo dhulal kaymo ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Braczkowski |first1=Aleksander |last2=Schenk |first2=Ralph |last3=Samarasinghe |first3=Dinal |last4=Biggs |first4=Duan |last5=Richardson |first5=Allie |last6=Swanson |first6=Nicholas |last7=Swanson |first7=Merlin |last8=Dheer |first8=Arjun |last9=Fattebert |first9=Julien |date=27 January 2022 |title=Leopard and spotted hyena densities in the Lake Mburo National Park, southwestern Uganda |journal=PeerJ |language=en |volume=10 |article-number=e12307 |doi=10.7717/peerj.12307 |doi-access=free |pmid=35127275 |pmc=8801179 |issn=2167-8359 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Harada Kachera waa haro hoosaysa oo leh celcelis ahaan qoto dheer oo ah 5 mitir (16 feet) waxaanay sidoo kale ku fadhidaa aag dhan {{Convert|42|km2|sqmi|abbr=off}} iyo xariiq xeobeed oo dhererkiisu yahay 81 kiiloomitir.&lt;ref name=&quot;:04&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://www.umb.no/statisk/e-bok/document/Rakai_development_plan.pdf |title=THREE YEAR PRODUCTION SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PLAN |publisher=RAKAI DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT |location=Uganda |pages=6, 8, 14, 15 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=9 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109045109/http://www.umb.no/statisk/e-bok/document/Rakai_development_plan.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay leedahay dhererka ugu badan oo ah {{Convert|20|km|mi|abbr=off}} iyo ballac ah {{Convert|3.5|km|mi|abbr=off}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;:43&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Dismas |first=Mbabazi |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/78049050.pdf |title=Rapid assessment of the fish biodiversity of the Mburo-Nakivali wetland systems and Opeta-Bisina wetland systems, Uganda |date=1 January 2009 |publisher=Nature Uganda |location=Uganda |pages=76, 77, 80 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522131044/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/78049050.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Webiga Ruizi waxa uu ka soo qulqulaa degmada Bushenyi wuxuuna dhex maraa Harada Kachera iyo Harada Kijanebalola ka hor inta uusan gelin [[Lake Mburo|Harada Mburo]] uuna ku dhammaan Harada Fiktooriya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:32&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Habari |date=5 January 2023 |title=Attractions in Mbarara {{!}} Mbarara City Tour {{!}} Uganda Safaris Tours |url=https://www.habariugandatours.com/attractions-in-mbarara/ |access-date=22 May 2024 |website=www.habariugandatours.com |language=en-US |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522131044/https://www.habariugandatours.com/attractions-in-mbarara/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxa uu biyaheeda ugu shubaa dhanka Harada Fiktooriya isagoo maraya [[Kagera River|Webiga Kagera]] oo ah webiga kaliya ee harada ka baxa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:43&quot; /&gt;

[[River Rwizi|Webiga Rwizi]] sidoo kale waxa uu biyihiisa ku shubaa Harada Fiktooriya isagoo sii maraya Harada Kachera oo ah nidaamka bullaacadaha ee Harada Fiktooriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 September 2021 |title=River Rwizi on the verge of drying up |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/oped/letters/river-rwizi-on-the-verge-of-drying-up-3547386 |access-date=22 May 2024 |website=Monitor |language=en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 July 2020 |title=Conservationists walk 330 kilometres to save River Rwizi |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/conservationists-walk-330-kilometres-to-save-river-rwizi-1879882 |access-date=22 May 2024 |website=Monitor |language=en |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522162023/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/conservationists-walk-330-kilometres-to-save-river-rwizi-1879882 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mbarara: A city choking on plastic waste |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_160763 |access-date=22 May 2024 |website=New Vision |language=en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Deegaanka ==
Harada Kachera waxay leedahay noocyo kala duwan oo shimbiro, kalluun, dhir iyo xayawaan ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://www.umb.no/statisk/e-bok/document/Rakai_development_plan.pdf |title=THREE YEAR PRODUCTION SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PLAN |publisher=RAKAI DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT |location=Uganda |pages=6, 8, 14, 15 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=9 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109045109/http://www.umb.no/statisk/e-bok/document/Rakai_development_plan.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Noocyada kalluunka ===
Harada Kachera waxay leedahay noocyo kala duwan oo kalluun ah oo ay ka mid yihiin; tallabiyaal (Nile tilapia), ''[[Oreochromis esculentus]]'', (oo maxalli ahaan loo yaqaan engege), iyo noocyada kala ah ''[[Astatoreochromis]]'', ''[[Astatotilapia]]'', ''[[Clarias]]'', ''[[Haragachromis]]'', iyo ''[[Protopterus]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Dismas |first=Mbabazi |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/78049050.pdf |title=Rapid assessment of the fish biodiversity of the Mburo-Nakivali wetland systems and Opeta-Bisina wetland systems, Uganda |date=1 January 2009 |publisher=Nature Uganda |location=Uganda |pages=76, 77, 80 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522131044/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/78049050.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Harada Kachera waxay leedahay kalluun u dhashay deegaanka oo aan ahayn [[cichlid fish|nooca cichlid]] kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin; ''[[Clarias gariepinus]]'', ''[[Clarias liocephalus]]'', iyo ''[[Protopterus aethiopicus]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Eric O. |first1=Odada |url=https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/7987/environment_development.pdf |title=Environment for Development: An Ecosystems Assessment of Lake Victoria Basin Environmental and Socio-economic Status, Trends and Human Vulnerabilities |last2=Daniel O. |first2=Olago |last3=Washington O. |first3=Ochola |date=2006 |publisher=United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and Pan African START Secretariat (PASS) |location=Kenya |pages=79, 83, 93, 98, 102, 104, 109, 110, 111 |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522131044/https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/7987/environment_development.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Noocyada dhirta ===
Dhirta ku taal xariiq xeobeedka Harada Kachera waxay leedahay ''[[Cyperus papyrus]]'', ''[[Cyperus esculentus]]'', ''[[Phragmites mauritianus]]'', xoogaa kaymo ah, iyo beeraha mooska.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:62&quot;/&gt;

==== Noocyada ajgaha (algae) ====
Harada Kachera waxay leedahay wadar ahaan 47 taxa oo ay ku jiraan; [[Cyanophyta]] (17), [[Chlorophyta]] (19), [[Bacillariophyta]] (5), [[Euglenophyta]] (3), [[Pyrrophyta]] (1), [[Chrysophyta]] (1), iyo [[Cryptophyta]] (1).&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

=== Noocyada xayawaanka ===

==== Zooplankton ====
Harada Kachera waxay leedahay 22 zooplankton taxa. Waxaa jira wakiilo ka tirsan [[Diplostraca]]; ''[[Ceriodaphnia cornuta]]'', ''[[Moina micrura]]'', ''[[Eucyclops]]'', ''[[Mesocyclops]]'', ''[[Toronaeus incisus]]'', iyo ''[[Toronaeus neglectus]]'', iyo [[Rotifera]], oo ay ku jiraan; ''[[Asplanchna]]'', ''[[Brachionus angularis]]'', ''[[Brachionus bidentatus]]'', ''[[Brachionus budapestinensis]]'', ''[[Brachionus quadridentatus]]'', ''[[Brachionus calyciflorus]]'', ''[[Brachionus falcatus]]'', ''[[Brachionus patulus]]'', ''[[Filinia longiseta]]'', ''[[Filinia opoliensis]]'', ''[[Hexarthra]]'', ''[[Keratella tropica]]'', ''[[Lecane bulla]]'', ''[[Polyarthra vulgaris]]'', ''[[Synchaeta pectinata]]'', iyo ''[[Trichocerca cylindrica]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

==== Beribiyoodka ====
Harada Kachera waxay leedahay 8 nooc oo xayawaanka beribiyoodka ah kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin; ''[[Bufo gutturalis]]'' (guttural toad), ''[[Hyperolius acuticeps]]'' (sharp-nosed reed frog), ''[[Hyperolius kivuensis]] kivuensis'' (Kivu reed frog), ''[[Hyperolius viridiflavus]] bayoni'', iyo ''Hyperolius viridiflavus viridiflavus'' (common reed frog), ''[[Phrynobatrachus natalensis]]'' (Natal dwarf puddle frog), ''[[Ptychadena mascareniensis]]'' (Mascarene grassland frog), ''[[Ptychadena oxyrhynchus]]'' (Kaffirland grassland frog), ''[[Ptychadena porissisima]]'' (Ethiopia grassland frog), iyo ''[[Xenopus victorianus]]'' (Lake Victoria clawed frog).&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

==== Xamaaratada ====
Harada Kachera waxay leedahay 7 nooc oo xamaarato ah oo ay ka mid yihiin; ''[[Agama atricollis]]'' (common tree agama), ''Cocodylus niloticus'' ([[Nile crocodile|Yaxaska Niilka]]), ''[[Mabuya maculilabris]]'' (speckle-lipped skink), ''[[Mabuya striata]]'' (common striped skink), ''[[Naja melanoleuca]]'' (water cobra), ''[[Python sebae]]'' (rock python), iyo ''[[Varanus niloticus]]'' (Nile monitor).&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

==== Naasleyda ====
Harada Kachera waxay leedahay 5 nooc oo naasley ah oo ay ka mid yihiin; ''[[Atilax paludinosus]]'' (marsh mongoose), ''[[Hippopotamus amphibius]]'' (jeerta), ''[[Lophuromys sikapusi]]'' (common brush-furred bat), ''[[Lutra maculicollis]]'' (spot-necked otter), iyo ''[[Praomys jacksoni]]'' (Jackson's soft-furred rat).&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

== Dhaqaalaha iyo hawlaha aadanaha ==
Kalluumaysiga, ka shaqaynta kalluunka, dalxiiska, beeraha, xoolo-dhaqashada, iyo beerashada isku-dhafan ayaa ka mid ah hawlaha dhaqaale ee laga fuliyo agagaarka Harada Kachera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:06&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://www.umb.no/statisk/e-bok/document/Rakai_development_plan.pdf |title=THREE YEAR PRODUCTION SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PLAN |publisher=RAKAI DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT |location=Uganda |pages=6, 8, 14, 15 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=9 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109045109/http://www.umb.no/statisk/e-bok/document/Rakai_development_plan.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:44&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Dismas |first=Mbabazi |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/78049050.pdf |title=Rapid assessment of the fish biodiversity of the Mburo-Nakivali wetland systems and Opeta-Bisina wetland systems, Uganda |date=1 January 2009 |publisher=Nature Uganda |location=Uganda |pages=76, 77, 80 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522131044/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/78049050.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=HULME |first=D. |url=https://hummedia.manchester.ac.uk/institutes/gdi/publications/workingpapers/archive/cc/cc_wp03.pdf |title=COMMUNITY CONSERVATION IN PRACTICE: A CASE STUDY OF LAKE MBURO NATIONAL PARK |date=1998 |publisher=Institute for Development Policy and Management, University of Manchester |isbn=1-900728915 |location=Crawford House, Precinct Centre, Oxford Road, MANCHESTER M13 9GH |pages=14, 30, 36 |language=en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dhowrista ==
Maamulka degmada Rakai waxay u ololeeyaan kalluumaysi waara iyagoo siiya kalluumaysatada tilmaamo iyo samaynta xeerar iyo nidaamyo cusub sida xaddididda kalluumaysiga ee goobaha qaar ee laga soo dego, xiridda kuwa ka qaybqaata hawlaha kalluumaysiga sharci-darrada ah iyadoo loo marayo dhowrista biyaha iyo ilaalada dhulka iyo sidoo kale iskaashi lala yeesho hay'adaha dawladda Uganda iyo ururada bulshada kalluumaysatada (BMU).&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:05&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://www.umb.no/statisk/e-bok/document/Rakai_development_plan.pdf |title=THREE YEAR PRODUCTION SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PLAN |publisher=RAKAI DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT |location=Uganda |pages=6, 8, 14, 15 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=9 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109045109/http://www.umb.no/statisk/e-bok/document/Rakai_development_plan.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://archive.gazettes.africa/archive/ug/2010/ug-government-gazette-dated-2010-09-03-no-53.pdf |title=The Uganda Gazette |publisher=Uganda Printing and Publishing Corporation (UPPC) |year=2010 |series=53 |volume=CIII |location=Uganda |publication-date=3 September 2010 |pages=195, 196, 214 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615190216/https://archive.gazettes.africa/archive/ug/2010/ug-government-gazette-dated-2010-09-03-no-53.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://budget.finance.go.ug/sites/default/files/Indivisual%20LG%20Budgets/LG%20%20Annual%20Workplan_201314_Rakai.pdf |title=Local government Workplan for 2013/14, Vote: 549 Rakai District |date= |publisher=Ministry of Finance, Government of Uganda |year= |location=Uganda |pages=45, 46, 100 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522162019/https://budget.finance.go.ug/sites/default/files/Indivisual%20LG%20Budgets/LG%20%20Annual%20Workplan_201314_Rakai.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Laga soo bilaabo 2017 ilaa 2020, [[National Environment Management Authority of Uganda|Maamulka Maareynta Deegaanka Qaranka ee Uganda (NEMA)]] wuxuu dib u soo celiyay 200 oo hektar oo ka mid ah nidaamka deegaanka dhulka qoyan ee xeebta Harada Kachera ee xumaaday ee degmada Kiruhura iyada oo loo marayo calaamadaynta aagga dhowrsan, beeridda geedaha iyo ka saarista dhismayaasha sharciga darrada ah ee aaggaas, iyo wacyigelinta bulshada ee ku saabsan maareynta nidaamka deegaanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://www.nema.go.ug/sites/default/files/NEMA%20Annual%20Report%20FY%202018-19_0.pdf |title=ANNUALCORPORATE REPORT FOR 2018/19 |date=2019 |publisher=National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) |location=Uganda |publication-date=2019 |pages=17, 18, 44 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522162020/https://www.nema.go.ug/sites/default/files/NEMA%20Annual%20Report%20FY%202018-19_0.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://www.mwe.go.ug/sites/default/files/library/SPR%20FINAL%20BOOK%202019.pdf |title=Water and Environment Sector Performance Report 2019 |publisher=Ministry of Water and Environment, Government of Uganda |year=2019 |location=Uganda |pages=122, 152, 153 |language=en |access-date=2026-06-28 |archive-date=2024-05-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522162020/https://www.mwe.go.ug/sites/default/files/library/SPR%20FINAL%20BOOK%202019.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://www.globalwaters.org/sites/default/files/spr-20-final-combined.pdf |title=Water and Environment Sector Performance Report 2020 |publisher=Ministry of Water and Environment, Government of Uganda |year=2020 |location=Uganda |page=196 |language=en |access-date=10 July 2024 |archive-date=19 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230819221145/https://www.globalwaters.org/sites/default/files/spr-20-final-combined.pdf |url-status=usurped }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyo ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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| name = Harada Tana
| image = lake tana.jpg
| caption = Sawirka Harada Tana oo dhanka galbeed laga qaaday isagoo hawada sare laga soo sawiray (Abriil 1991)
| image_bathymetry = 
| caption_bathymetry = 
| location = [[East Africa|Bariga Afrika]]
| coords = {{Coord|12|0|N|37|15|E|type:waterbody_region:ET|display=inline,title}}
| type = 
| inflow = [[Gilgel Abay]], Webiga Kilti, [[Magech River|Webiga Megech]], [[Reb River|Webiga Reb]], [[Gumara River|Webiga Gumara]]
| outflow = [[Blue Nile|Niilka Buluugga ah]]
| catchment = 
| basin_countries = [[Ethiopia|Itoobiya]]
| length = {{convert|84|km|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|66|km|abbr=on}}
| area = {{convert|3200|km2|abbr=on}}
| depth = 
| max-depth = {{convert|15|m|abbr=on}}
| residence_time = 
| shore = 
| elevation = {{convert|1788|m|abbr=on}}
| islands = Kuwa ugu muhiimsan waa [[Tana Qirqos]], [[Daga Island|Jasiiradda Daga]], [[Dek Island|Jasiiradda Dek]], iyo [[Mitraha Island|Mitraha]]
| cities = [[Bahir Dar]], [[Gorgora]]
&lt;!--      Map      --&gt;
| pushpin_map             = Ethiopia
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = Location of Lake Tana in Ethiopia.
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
&lt;!--   Below       --&gt; 
| website            = 
| reference          = 
}}

'''Harada Tana''' ({{langx|am|ጣና ሐይቅ|T’ana ḥāyik’i}}; markii hore loo qori jiray '''Tsana'''{{sfn|Garstin|Cana|1911}}) waa [[lake|harada]] ugu weyn [[Ethiopia|Itoobiya]] isla markaana ah isha uu ka yimaado [[Blue Nile|Niilka Buluugga ah]]. Waxay ku taallaa [[Amhara Region|Gobolka Amhara]] ee waqooyiga-galbeed ee [[Ethiopian Highlands|Dhulka Sare ee Itoobiya]], haradu waxay dhererkeedu gaaraa qiyaastii {{convert|84|km|mi|abbr=off}} halka ballaceeduna yahay {{convert|66|km|mi|abbr=off}}, iyadoo moolkeeda ugu sarreeya uu yahay {{convert|15|m|ft|abbr=off}},&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=Statistical Abstract of Ethiopia|year=1967–1968}}&lt;/ref&gt; jooggeeduna yahay {{convert|1788|m|ft|abbr=off}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/Lake_Tana_source_of_the_Blue_Nile |title=Lake Tana, source of the Blue Nile |date=5 November 2004 |work=Observing the Earth |publisher=European Space Agency |access-date=4 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Harada Tana waxaa quudiya webiyada [[Gilgel Abay]], [[Reb River|Reb]] iyo [[Gumara River|Gumara]]. Baaxadda dusha sare ee haradu waxay u dhaxeysaa {{convert|3000|to|3500|km2|mi2|abbr=off}}, iyadoo taasi ay ku xiran tahay xilliga iyo da'itaanka roobka. Heerka biyaha harada waxaa la maamulayay tan iyo markii la dhisay [[weir|biya-xireenka]] koontaroolka ah ee goobta ay haradu uga shubanto Niilka Buluugga ah. Tani waxay koontarooshay qulqulka taga [[Blue Nile Falls|Shubanka Niilka Buluugga ah]] (Tis Abbai) iyo saldhigga tamarta korontada ee biyaha laga dhaliyo.

Sannadkii 2015, gobolka Harada Tana waxaa loo magacaabay [[UNESCO Biosphere Reserve]] (Kaydka Biosphere ee UNESCO) iyadoo loo aqoonsaday muhiimaddeeda dabiiciga ah iyo midda dhaqameed ee heer qaran iyo heer caalami.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lake Tana Biosphere Reserve |url=https://www.laketana-biosphere.com/ |access-date=2026-06-18 |website=www.laketana-biosphere.com |archive-date=2021-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210702215353/https://www.laketana-biosphere.com/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Dulmar Guud==
[[File:Lake Tana, Ethiopia.jpg|thumb|left|Muuqaallo laga dushay Harada Tana]]
[[File:Island Church (2401612298).jpg|thumb|left|Kaniisadda Jasiiradda ee ku taal Harada Tana]]
[[File:Zege Peninsula Tour Guide.jpg|thumb|left|Hage dalxiis oo deegaanka ah oo muujinaya sida loo garaaco dhagax si loogu muujiyo xilliyada cuntada ee kaniisad ku taal Jasiirad-yarada Zege]]
[[File:Blue Nile.jpg|thumb|left|Bilowga webiga [[Blue Nile|Niilka Buluugga ah]] ee meesha uu ka baxo Harada Tana]]
[[File:BahirDarResort.jpg|thumb|left|Huteel loo dalxiis tago oo ku yaal xeebta Harada Tana ee [[Bahir Dar]]]]

Harada Tana waxay ku samaysantay hawlo foolkaano, kuwaas oo xannibay qulqulka webiyadii ku shubmi jiray bilowgii xilligii [[Pleistocene]], qiyaastii 5 milyan oo sano ka hor.&lt;ref name=&quot;springer&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Vijverberg |first1=Jacobus |title=The Nile |last2=Sibbing |first2=Ferdinand A. |last3=Dejen |first3=Eshete |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-4020-9725-6 |series=Monographiae Biologicae |volume=89 |pages=163–192 |chapter=Lake Tana: Source of the Blue Nile |doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-9726-3_9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Haradu markii hore aad ayay uga weynayd sida ay maanta tahay. Toddoba webi oo waaweyn oo joogto ah ayaa quudiya harada iyo sidoo kale 40 webi oo yaryar oo xilliyeed ah. Webiyada ugu muhiimsan ee ku shubma harada waa Gilgel Abbay (Webiga Niilka Yar), iyo webiyada Megech, Gumara, iyo Rib.&lt;ref name=&quot;springer&quot;/&gt;

Harada Tana waxay leedahay dhowr jasiiradood, kuwaas oo tiradoodu ay isbeddesho iyadoo ku xiran heerka biyaha harada. Waxay hoos u dhacday qiyaastii {{convert|6|ft|m}} 400-kii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Sida laga soo xigtay [[Manuel de Almeida]], oo ahaa adeegayaal diimeed u dhashay [[Portugal]] bilowgii qarnigii 17-aad, waxaa jiray 21 jasiiradood, kuwaas oo todoba ama siddeed ka mid ah ay ku yaalleen kaniisado &quot;markii hore waaweynaa, laakiin hadda aad u yaraaday.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Beckham&quot;/&gt; Markii [[James Bruce]] uu booqday aagga sannadkii 1771, wuxuu xusay in dadka deegaanka ay xisbiyeen 45 jasiiradood oo dad deggan yihiin, laakiin wuxuu sheegay inuu aaminsan yahay in &quot;tiradu ay noqon karto qiyaastii kow iyo toban.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Beckham&quot;/&gt; Anton Stecker, sannadkii 1881, wuxuu sameeyay baaritaan faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan harada, isagoo awood u yeeshay inuu sameeyo khariidado si weyn u saxan,{{sfn |Garstin |Cana |1911}} wuxuuna xisbiyay 44 jasiiradood.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Hayes |first=A.J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h742AAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA73 |title=The Source of the Blue Nile: A Record of a Journey Through the Soudan to Lake Tsana in Western Abyssinia, and of the Return to Egypt by the Valley of the Atbara |publisher=Smith, Elder &amp; Company |year=1905 |page=73 |access-date=28 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Juqraafi-yahan u dhashay qarnigii 20-aad ayaa magacaabay 37 jasiiradood, kuwaas oo uu aaminsanaa in 19 ka mid ah ay leeyihiin ama ku yaalleen kaniisado.&lt;ref name=&quot;Beckham&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Beckham |first1=C. F. |title=Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593-1646 |last2=Huntingford |first2=G. W. B. |publisher=[[Hakluyt Society]] |year=1954 |series=Series 2 |location=London |page=35 and note |number=107}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Haraaga boqorradii hore ee [[List of emperors of Ethiopia|Itoobiya]] iyo hantida [[Oriental Orthodox Churches|Masiixiyadda Ortodokska ee Itoobiya]] ayaa lagu keeydiyaa kaniisadaha jasiiradaha go'doonsan (ay ku jiraan [[Kebran Gabriel]], [[Ura Kidane Mehret]], [[Narga Selassie]], [[Daga Estifanos]], [[Medhane Alem]] ee [[Rema Island|Jasiiradda Rema]], Kota Maryam, iyo Mertola Maryam). Jasiiradda [[Tana Qirqos]] waxaa ku yaal dhagax loo muujiyay [[Paul B. Henze]], kaas oo loo sheegay inay [[Mary, mother of Jesus|Maryam]], oo ahayd hooyadii Ciise, ay ku nastay safarkeedii ay kaga soo laabatay [[Egypt|Masar]]; waxaa kale oo loo sheegay in [[Frumentius]], oo [[Christianity|Masiixiyadda]] keenay Itoobiya, &quot;la rabo in lagu aasay Tana Cherqos.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Henze |first=Paul B. |author-link=Paul B. Henze |title=Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia |url=https://archive.org/details/layersoftimehist0000henz |publisher=Palgrave |year=2000 |isbn=978-0312227197 |location=New York |page=[https://archive.org/details/layersoftimehist0000henz/page/73 73]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maydka [[Yekuno Amlak]] waxaa lagu aasay kaniisadda St. Stephen ee ku taal [[Daga Island|Jasiiradda Daga]]. Boqorrada xabaalahoodu ay sidoo kale ku yaallaan Daga waxaa ka mid ah [[Dawit I]], [[Zara Yaqob]], [[Za Dengel]], iyo [[Fasilides]]. Jasiiradaha kale ee muhiimka ah ee ku yaal Harada Tana waxaa ka mid ah [[Dek Island|Dek]], [[Mitraha Island|Mitraha]], [[Gelila Zakarias]], [[Halimun]] iyo [[Briguida]].

Kaniisadaha waxaa la aaminsan yahay in la dhisay intii lagu guda jiray Waayadii Dhexe iyadoo laga dhisay goobo diimeed oo ka horreeyay. Waxaa ka mid ah kaniisaddii qarnigii afar iyo tobnaad ee [[Debre Maryam]], iyo tii qarnigii siddeed iyo tobnaad ee Narga Selassie, Tana Qirqos, oo la sheego inay ku jirtay [[Ark of the Covenant|Sanduuqa Axdiga]] ka hor intaan loo rarin [[Axum]], iyo Ura Kidane Mehret, oo loo yaqaan astaanteeda boqortooyo. Adeegga doonta wuxuu isku xiraa [[Bahir Dar]] iyo [[Gorgora]] iyadoo loo marayo Dek iyo tuulooyin dhowr ah oo xeebta harada ku yaal.

Waxaa kale oo jira [[Zege Peninsula|Jasiirad-yarada Zege]] oo ku taal qaybta koonfur-galbeed ee harada. Zege waa goobta ay ku taallaa kaniisadda [[Azwa Maryam]].

Harada Tana waxay sidoo kale ahayd goob ay udub-dhexaad u ahayd bulshada [[Beta Israel]], iyadoo leh kaniisadaha kaliya ee Yuhuudda ee adduunka ku yaal,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Kribus |first1=Bar |last2=Krebs |first2=Verena |date=2018 |title=Beta Israel (Ethiopian Jewish) Monastic Sites North of Lake Tana Preliminary Results of an Exploratory Field Trip to Ethiopia in December 2015 |journal=Entangled Religion |volume=6 |pages=309–344 |doi=10.13154/er.v6.2018.309-344}}&lt;/ref&gt; ka hor intaanay u [[Aliyah from Ethiopia|guurin dhanka Israa'iil]].

==Astaamaha biyaha iyo daadadka==
Marka la barbardhigo harooyinka kale ee kuleylaha ah, biyaha Harada Tana waa kuwo qabow, badanaana waxay u dhaxeeyaan qiyaastii {{cvt|20|to(-)|27|C|F}}. Biyuhu waxay leeyihiin [[pH]] dhexdhexaad ah ilaa mid xoogaa [[alkaline|asid daciif ah]] ah, sadiicaddooduna aad ayay u hoosaysaa.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009&gt;{{cite book| author1=Vijverberg, J. | author2=F.A. Sibbing | author3=E. Dejen | year=2009 | chapter=Lake Tana: Source of the Blue Nile | pages=163–193 | editor=H.J. Dumont | title=The Nile | series=Monographiae Biologicae | volume=89 | publisher=Springer Science + Business Media B.V | isbn=978-1-4020-9725-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sababtoo ah isbeddelada xilliyeed ee waaweyn ee qulqulka webiyada ku shubma, roobka iyo uumi-baxa, heerarka biyaha Harada Tana caadi ahaan waxay isbeddelaan {{cvt|2-2.5|m|ft}} sannadkii, iyagoo gaara meeshii ugu sarreysay bishana Sebtembar–Oktoobar waxyar uun ka dib xilliga weyn ee roobka. Marka ay heerarka biyuhu sarreeyaan, bannaanka ku xeeran harada badanaa waa ay dadmaan, dhoobooyinka kale ee joogtada ah ee gobolkana waxay ku xidmaan harada.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt;

==Dhirta xayawaanka==
[[File:Lily pads, Lake Tana.jpg|thumb|Dhirta lily-ga oo sabaynaysa u dhow xeebta Harada Tana]]

Maadaama aysan jirin qulqulo biyo oo isku xira harada iyo marinada kale ee waaweyn, iyo meesha ugu weyn ee ay biyuhu uga baxaan, oo ah [[Blue Nile|Niilka Buluugga ah]], uu xannibay [[Blue Nile Falls|Shubanka Niilka Buluugga ah]], haradu waxay taageertaa xayawaanka biyaha ku nool oo aad u gaar ah, kaas oo guud ahaan la xiriira noocyada ka yimaada [[Nile Basin|Dooxada Niilka]].&lt;ref name=FEOW&gt;{{cite web |website=Freshwater Ecoregions of the World |year=2008 |url=http://www.feow.org/ecoregion_details.php?eco=526 |title=Lake Tana |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005203717/http://www.feow.org/ecoregion_details.php?eco=526 |archive-date=5 October 2011 |access-date=24 January 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Heerarka nafaqada ee haradu waa kuwo hooseeya.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt;

===Kalluun===
Waxaa jira 27 nooc oo kalluun ah oo ku dhex jira Harada Tana, 20 ka mid ahna waa kuwo [[Endemism|u gaar ah]] harada.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt; Tani waxaa ku jira mid ka mid ah labada kooxood ee kaliya ee la yaqaan ee noocyada [[cyprinid]] (midka kale, oo ka yimid [[Lake Lanao]] ee Filibiin, waxaa baabi'iyay noocyo kale oo lagu soo kordhiyay). Waxay ka kooban tahay 15 nooc oo dhererkoodu weyn yahay oo gaaraya ilaa {{convert|1|m|abbr=on}}, kuwaas oo ah kalluunka loogu yeero ''[[Labeobarbus]]'' barbs oo markii hore lagu dari jiray ''[[Barbus]]''.&lt;ref name=FEOW/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;barbs1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=de Graaf |first1=Martin |last2=Dejen |first2=Eshete |last3=Sibbing |first3=Ferdinand A. |last4=Osse |first4=Jan W. M. |year=2000 |title=''Barbus tanapelagius'', A New Species from Lake Tana (Ethiopia): its Morphology and Ecology |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_environmental-biology-of-fishes_2000-09_59_1/page/n6 |journal=Environmental Biology of Fishes |volume=59 |issue=1 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.1023/A:1007608208630 |bibcode=2000EnvBF..59....1D }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxaa ka mid ah, ''[[Labeobarbus acutirostris|L. acutirostris]]'', ''[[Labeobarbus longissimus|L. longissimus]]'', ''[[Labeobarbus megastoma|L. megastoma]]'' iyo ''[[Labeobarbus truttiformis|L. truttiformis]]'' oo ah kuwo si adag [[piscivorous|kalluunka u cuna]], halka ''[[Labeobarbus dainellii|L. dainellii]]'', ''[[Labeobarbus gorguari|L. gorguari]]'', ''[[Labeobarbus macrophtalmus|L. macrophtalmus]]'' iyo ''[[Labeobarbus platydorsus|L. platydorsus]]'' ay inta badan yihiin kuwa kalluunka cuna.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt; Ugaadhkooda ugu muhiimsan waa noocyada yaryar ee ''[[Enteromius]]'' iyo ''[[Garra]]''.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt;&lt;ref name=barbs1/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;barbs2&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=de Graaf |first1=Martin |last2=Megens |first2=Hendrik-Jan |last3=Samallo |first3=Johannis |last4=Sibbing |first4=Ferdinand |year=2007 |title=Evolutionary origin of Lake Tana's (Ethiopia) small Barbus species: indications of rapid ecological divergence and speciation |journal=Animal Biology |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=39–48 |doi=10.1163/157075607780002069}}&lt;/ref&gt; Noocyada kale ee ''Labeobarbus'' ee ku jira Harada Tana waxay leeyihiin caadooyin kale oo quudin oo gaar ah: ''[[African scraping feeder|L. beso]]'' (ma aha mid u gaar ah harada, si dhowona uma xirna kuwa kale) wuxuu ku quustaa [[algae|ajyad]], ''[[Labeobarbus surkis|L. surkis]]'' wuxuu inta badan quustaa [[macrophytes|dhirtada biyaha]], ''[[Labeobarbus gorgorensis|L. gorgorensis]]'' dhirtada biyaha iyo [[mollusc|argoosatada]], ''[[Labeobarbus brevicephalus|L. brevicephalus]]'' wuxuu quustaa [[zooplankton]] (si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhalada dhammaan xubnaha kooxdan waxay ku quustaan zooplankton), ''[[Labeobarbus osseensis|L. osseensis]]'' dhirtada biyaha iyo cayayaanka waaweyn, iyo ''[[Labeobarbus crassibarbis|L. crassibarbis]]'', ''[[Labeobarbus intermedius|L. intermedius]]'' (ma aha mid u gaar ah laakiin si dhow ayay u xiriiraan kuwa kale), ''[[Labeobarbus nedgia|L. nedgia]]'' iyo ''[[Labeobarbus tsanensis|L. tsanensis]]'' waxay ku quustaan xayawaanka aan laf-dhabarta lahayn ee gunta degan sida dirxiga [[chironomid]]. Noocyada u gaarka ah ee ''Labeobarbus'', siddeed nooc ayaa ku tarma dhoobada harada, kuwa harayna waxay xilliyeed ugu guuraan webiyada ku shubma halkaas oo ay ku tarmaan.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt;

Nidaamka noocyada ''Labeobarbus'' sokow, noocyada u gaarka ah harada waxaa ka mid ah ''[[Enteromius pleurogramma]]'', ''[[Enteromius tanapelagius|E. tanapelagius]]'', ''[[Garra regressus]]'' iyo ''[[Afronemacheilus abyssinicus]]'' (oo ah mid ka mid ah labada nooc ee kaliya ee Afrikaanka ah ee [[Nemacheilidae|loach-ka dhagaxa]]). Noocyada kale ee aan u gaarka ahayn waxaa ka mid ah [[Nile tilapia|tilapia-ha Niilka]] (oo ku baahsan Afrika, laakiin leh nooc hoos yimaada oo u gaar ah harada oo loogu yeero ''tana''), ''[[Enteromius humilis|E. humilis]]'', ''[[Garra dembecha|G. dembecha]]'', ''[[Garra dembeensis|G. dembeensis]]'' iyo kalluunka weyn ee [[African sharptooth catfish|kalluunka shamiitada ee Afrika]].&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt;&lt;ref name=FEOW/&gt;

===Kalluumeysiga iyo hanjabaadaha===
[[File:ET Amhara asv2018-02 img063 Lake Tana at Gorgora.jpg|thumb|Noocyo kala duwan oo ''[[Labeobarbus]]'' iyo [[African sharptooth catfish]] ah oo laga soo qabtay harada]]

Harada Tana waxay taageertaa warshad weyn oo [[Fishing in Ethiopia|kalluumeysi]], taas oo inta badan ku salaysan kalluunka ''Labeobarbus'', tilapia-ha Niilka iyo kalluunka shamiitada. Sida laga soo xigtay Waaxda Kalluumeysiga iyo Beeraha Biyaha ee Itoobiya, 1,454 tan oo kalluun ah ayaa la soo dejiyay sannadkii 2011 magaalada [[Bahir Dar]], taas oo ay waaxdu ku qiyaastay inay tahay 15% tirada la waari karo.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/ETH/body.htm &quot;Information on Fisheries Management in the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/ETH/body.htm |date=20080228033847 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228033847/http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/ETH/body.htm |date=28 February 2008 }}, Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), January 2003&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dib-u-eegis lagu sameeyay oo lagu barbardhigay qabashada sannadkii 2001 iyo tii toban sano ka hor, waxaa la ogaaday in baaxadda caadiga ah ee labada nooc ee tilapia iyo kalluunka shamiitada ay si weyn hoos ugu dhacday, tirada ''Labeobarbus'' ee ku taran jiray webiyada ku shubma haradana ay si weyn u yaraatay.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt; Kalluunka u gaarka ah harada, inta badan waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay halis ku jiraan ([[Endangered species|halis ku jira]] ama [[Vulnerable species|u nugul halis]]) ama [[data deficient|xogtoodu ay dhiman tahay]] (xogta la heli karo aysan ku filnayn in lagu qiimeeyo xaaladdooda) marka loo eego [[IUCN]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | year=2019 | title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/ | publisher=IUCN | access-date=18 November 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bilowgii sannadihii 2000, dawladda deegaanka ayaa markii ugu horreysay soo bandhigtay sharciyada kalluumeysiga waxaana rajaynayaa inay taasi saameyn togan ku yeelan doonto tirada kalluunka.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt;

Halisaha kale ee halista ah waa burburinta deegaanka iyo wasakhaynta. [[Bahir Dar]] waxay noqotay magaalo weyn waxayna u koreysaa si degdeg ah; [[wastewater|biyahooda wasakhda ah]] guud ahaan waxaa si toos ah loogu sii daayaa harada.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt; Dhirta ku taal dhoobada harada, oo ah meel muhiim u ah dhalmada ''Labeobarbus'' iyo kalluunka kale, waxaa lagu nadiifinayaa xawaare sare. Khatarta weyn ee ku tasi karta nidaamka deegaanka ee gaarka ah waxay noqon kartaa [[Introduced species|soo kordhinta]] nooc ugaarsi weyn oo waxtar leh sida [[Nile perch|kalluunka caanka ah ee Biyaha Niilka]], kaas oo sababay dabar-goyn dhowr nooc ah oo ka dhacday [[Lake Victoria|Harada Victoria]]. Kalluunka ''Labeobarbus'' ee cuna kalluunka kale ee ku jira Harada Tana waa kuwo aan waxtar weyn u lahayn ugaadhsiga kuwaas oo kaliya cuni kara kalluunka gaaraya ilaa 15% dhererka ugaadhsadaha laftiisa.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt;

===Other fauna===
[[File: Pelicans on the lake Tana, Ethiopia.jpg|thumb|[[Great white pelican|Shimbiraha pelican-ka]] oo jooga Harada Tana]]

Xayawaanka kale ee deegaanka ka midka ah, haradu waxay taageertaa xayawaan aan laf-dhabar lahayn oo aad u yar: Waxaa jira shan iyo toban nooc oo [[mollusk|argoosato]] ah, oo ay ku jiraan mid u gaar ah harada, iyo sidoo kale [[sponge|isbuunyo]] biyaha macaan ah oo u gaar ah harada.&lt;ref name=FEOW/&gt;

Qiyaastii 230 nooc ooshimbirrood ah, oo ay ku jiraan wax ka badan 80 shimbiraha dhoobada ah sida [[great white pelican|pelican-ka cad ee weyn]], [[African darter]], [[hamerkop]], [[stork|shimbiraha hawaalraaca]], [[African spoonbill]], [[ibis]], [[duck|banaas]], [[kingfisher|shimbiraha kalluunbiyadka]] iyo [[African fish eagle|gorgorka kalluunka Afrika]], ayaa laga yaqaan Harada Tana.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt; Waa goob muhiim u ah nasashada iyo quudinta shimbiraha biyaha ee ka soo guura deegaanka [[Palearctic]].&lt;ref name=FEOW/&gt;

Ma jiraan [[crocodile|yaxaasyo]], laakiin [[African softshell turtle|diinka qolofka jilicsan ee Afrika]] iyo [[Nile monitor|goodirka Niilka]] ayaa laga diiwaangeliyay meel u dhow meesha uu Niilka Buluugga ah uga baxo harada.&lt;ref&gt;Largen and Spawls (2010). ''The Amphibians and Reptiles of Ethiopia and Eritrea.'' {{ISBN|978-3-89973-466-9}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Hippo|Jeerta]] waa ay joogtaa, inta badanna waxay ku dhowdahay meesha uu Niilka Buluugga ah ka baxo.&lt;ref name=Vijverberg2009/&gt;

==Tixraacyo==
{{reflist}}

===Shaqooyinka la soo xigtay===
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Tsana|volume=27|pages=347-348|first1=William Edmund|last1=Garstin|first2=Frank Richardson|last2=Cana}}

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
{{Commons category|Lake Tana}}
*[http://www.laketana-biosphere.com/ Homepage of Lake Tana Biosphere Reserve] {{Wayback|url=http://www.laketana-biosphere.com/ |date=20210702215353 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20190817131333/https://en.nabu.de/projects/ethiopia/tana/index.html Lake Tana project webpage of The Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union (NABU e.V.)]
*[http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/iges/research-groups/quaternary/palaeoecology-laboratory/lake-tana/ Lake Tana project] {{Wayback|url=http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/iges/research-groups/quaternary/palaeoecology-laboratory/lake-tana/ |date=20160303223747 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303223747/http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/iges/research-groups/quaternary/palaeoecology-laboratory/lake-tana/ |date=3 March 2016 }} at [[Aberystwyth University]]
*[http://www.galenfrysinger.com/blue_nile_ethiopia.htm Photographs of the lake]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20040913205524/http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID%3D2511%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html Unesco plan for Lake T'ana]
*{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20031127223905/http://www.worldlakes.org/lakedetails.asp?lakeid=8568 LakeNet Profile]}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090701031152/http://www.impetusinmundum.de/documentation/Album.html?Bildliste=5a0c198f-5a0c19cc&amp;Region=Lake+Tana Pictures from Lake Tana and the Monasteries]

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    <title>Webiga Verlorevlei</title>
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| name = Webiga Verlorevlei
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang = 
| name_other = 
| name_etymology = Webiga Verlorenvlei
&lt;!---------------------- IMAGE &amp; MAP --&gt;| image = 
| image_size = 
| image_caption = 
| map = {{maplink|frame=yes|frame-align=center|plain=yes
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| map_size = 
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| pushpin_map = South Africa
| pushpin_map_size = 
| pushpin_map_caption = &lt;!---------------------- LOCATION --&gt;
| subdivision_type1 = Dalka
| subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]
| subdivision_type2 = Gobolka
| subdivision_name2 = [[Western Cape]]
| subdivision_type3 = 
| subdivision_name3 = 
| subdivision_type4 = 
| subdivision_name4 = 
| subdivision_type5 = 
| subdivision_name5 = &lt;!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --&gt;
| length = 
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| discharge1_location = 
| discharge1_min = 
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| discharge1_max = &lt;!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --&gt;
| source1 = _
| source1_location = 
| source1_coordinates = 
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| mouth = [[Atlantic Ocean|Badweynta Atlaantikga]]
| mouth_location = [[Western Cape]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|32|19|S|18|20|E|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_elevation = {{convert|0|m|abbr=on}}
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| tributaries_left = 
| tributaries_right = 
| custom_label = 
| custom_data = {{Designation list
 | embed = yes
 | designation1 = Ramsar
 | designation1_date = 28 Juun 1991
 | designation1_number = 525&lt;ref name=&quot;ramsar&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Verlorenvlei|website=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar]] Sites Information Service|url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/525|accessdate=14 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| extra = 
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'''Webiga Verlorevlei''' waa webi ku yaal gobolka [[Western Cape]] ee [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Isagoo ku yaal [[Sandveld]] ee [[West Coast, Western Cape|Xeebta Galbeed]], webigu wuxuu maraa [[Eendekuil]], Het Kruis, iyo [[Redelinghuys]]. Afka webiga wuxuu ku yaallaa [[Elands Bay]]. Laamihiisa waxaa ka mid ah [[Hol River|Webiga Hol]], [[Kruismans River|Webiga Kruismans]] iyo [[Krom Antonies River|Webiga Krom Antonies]]. Waxay ku dhex dhacdaa nidaamka dheecaanka G iyo Aagga Maamulka.

Webigu waa hoyga kaliya ee la yaqaan ee kalluunka halista ugu jira dabar-goynta ee [[Verlorenvlei redfin]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ZooKeys&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Chakona |first1=Albert |last2=Swartz |first2=Ernst R. |last3=Skelton |first3=Paul H. |date=11 November 2014 |title=Nooc cusub oo redfin (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, ''Pseudobarbus'') ah oo ka yimid nidaamka Webiga Verlorevlei, Koonfur Afrika |url=https://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=4230 |journal=[[ZooKeys]] |publisher=Pensoft |issue=453 |pages=121–137 |doi=10.3897/zookeys.453.8072 |pmid=25493062 |accessdate=4 December 2014|pmc=4258629 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2014ZooK..453..121C }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taariikh ==
[[Simon van der Stel]] wuxuu booqday 1685 intii uu ku guda jiray safarkiisa [[Namaqualand]], wuxuuna qabay aragtida ah in webigu yahay laan ka mid ah [[Olifants River (Western Cape)|Webiga Olifants]]. Ensign Johannes Tobias Rhenius wuxuu arkay harada oo &quot;ku luntay&quot; cawska 1724, isagoo u bixiyay magaceeda ({{Langx|af|verlore|lit=lumay}} iyo {{Langx|af|[[vlei]]|lit=haro|label=none}}).

== Afka webiga ee Verlorevlei ==
Qiyaastii 30&amp;nbsp;km waqooyi-galbeed ka xiga Redelinghuys, haro qoyan ayaa quudisa webiga. Jiilaalka, waxay dhererkeedu gaaraa kiiloomitirro badan, biyuhuna waxay ku qarsoon yihiin cagaarka [[Reed (plant)|cawska]]. Xagaaga, haradu way qallashaa. 500 oo nooc oo [[bird|shimbirro]] ah ayaa halkan lagu arkay. Haradu waxay caan ku tahay dadka daawada [[bird watching|shimbiraha]] iyo kuwa [[angling|kalluumaysata]] labadaba. Mid ka mid ah harooyinka biyaha saafiga ah ee dalka ee xeebta agteeda, Harada Verlorevlei waa goob muhiim ah oo taranka iyo quudinta [[pelican|pelicans]], [[flamingo|flamingos]], iyo noocyo kale oo shimbirro iyo kalluun ah. Noocyo badan oo dhir ah ayaa sidoo kale laga helaa halkaas. Lo'du waxay ku daaqaan xeebaha, biyuhuna waxaa loo bamgareeyaa waraabka. 1991-kii, [[wetland|dhulka qoyan]] waxaa loo magacaabay [[Ramsar site|goob Ramsar ah]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ramsar&quot; /&gt; Afka webiga waxaa u aqoonsaday [[Important Bird and Biodiversity Area|Aagga Shimbiraha iyo Kala Duwanaanshaha Noolaha ee Muhiimka ah]] ururka [[BirdLife South Africa]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Verlorenvlei |url=https://www.birdlife.org.za/iba-directory/verlorenvlei/ |access-date=2024-04-14 |website=BirdLife South Africa |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611073244/https://www.birdlife.org.za/iba-directory/verlorenvlei/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Khataraha ==
Webiga iyo afka webiga ee Verlorevlei waxay wajahayaan khatar ah inuu qallalo;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Yeld |first=John |date=2021-03-13 |title=Verlorenvlei ee Xeebta Galbeed: Maxaa lumiya marka dhul qoyan uu qallalo? |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2021-03-13-west-coasts-verlorenvlei-whats-lost-when-a-wetland-dries-up/ |access-date=2024-04-14 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; dhimista qulqulka ee ka dhalatay dhismaha biyo-xireenno sharci-darro ah iyo biyo wasakhaysan oo ka yimid macdanta tungsten-ka ee la qorsheeyay ee kor ku xusan iyo beeraha ku hareeraysan ayaa hoos u dhigay deegaanka ku hareeraysan. Noocyada shimbiraha biyaha ayaa hoos uga dhacay 39 ilaa 22 nooc.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Handley |first=Kate |date=2023-07-17 |title=Afka Webiga Verlorenvlei ee muhiimka ah ayaa khatar ugu jira dhimasho |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2023-07-17-critical-verlorenvlei-estuary-under-threat-of-mining-and-death-by-a-thousand-cuts/ |access-date=2024-04-14 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraac ==
{{Reflist}}

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    <title>Webiga Okavango</title>
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| native_name        = 
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| name_other         = 
| name_etymology     = 
&lt;!---------------------- IMAGE &amp; MAP --&gt;
| image              = Namibia Okavango 2.jpg
| image_size         = 
| image_caption      = Okavango oo ku yaal Kavango, Namibia
| map                = Okavango River Basin map.png
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| map_caption        = Khariidadda dooxada wabiga Okavango
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&lt;!---------------------- LOCATION --&gt;
| subdivision_type1  = Dalalka
| subdivision_name1  = {{hlist|[[Angola]]|[[Namibia]]|[[Botswana]]}}
| subdivision_type2  = 
| subdivision_name2  = 
| subdivision_type3  = 
| subdivision_name3  = 
| subdivision_type4  = 
| subdivision_name4  = 
| subdivision_type5  = 
| subdivision_name5  = 
&lt;!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --&gt;
| length             = {{convert|1700|km|mi|abbr=on}} 
| width_min          = 
| width_avg          = 
| width_max          = 
| depth_min          = 
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| discharge1_location= 
| discharge1_min     = {{convert|350|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}
| discharge1_avg     = {{convert|475|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}
| discharge1_max     = {{convert|1000|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}
&lt;!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --&gt;
| source1            = 
| source1_location   = [[Cachiungo]], Angola
| source1_coordinates= {{Coord|-12.706|16.081|format=dms|type:river_region:AO|display=i}}
| source1_elevation  = {{Convert|1788|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| mouth              = [[Okavango Delta]]
| mouth_location     = [[Moremi Game Reserve]], Botswana
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[[File:Kavango River view.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka wabiga Kavango ee Hakusembe river lodge]]

'''Wabiga Okavango''' (oo hore loogu qori jiray ''Okovango'' ama ''Okovanggo'') waa wabi ku yaal koonfur-galbeed Afrika. Waxaa looga yaqaan magacan gudaha [[Botswana]], sida '''Cubango''' gudaha [[Angola]], iyo '''Kavango''' gudaha [[Namibia]].&lt;ref name=mendelsohn/&gt; Waa nidaamka afaraad ee ugu dheer wabiyada [[koonfurta Afrika]], isagoo u qulqula koonfur-bari masaafo dhan {{convert|1,600|km|mi|sigfig=1|abbr=on}}. Waxay ka bilaabataa meel sare oo ah {{convert|1300|m|ft}} oo ku taal buuraleyda bacaadka ah ee Angola. Koonfurta fog, waxay qayb ka tahay xadka u dhexeeya Angola iyo Namibia, ka dibna waxay u qulqushaa Botswana. Okavango ma laha meel uu ka baxo oo bad ah. Taa beddelkeeda, waxay ku dhex shubataa [[Okavango Delta]] ama Okavango [[Alluvial fan|Alluvial Fan]], oo ku yaal [[dooxada endorheic]] ee [[Saxaraha Kalahari]]. '''Wabiga Cuito''' waa wabi-gacmeed weyn.

== Magaca ==
Magaca ''Okavango'' wuxuu ka soo jeedaa ''Kavango,'' kaas oo loola jeedo [[dadka Kavango]] ee waqooyiga Namibia. 

Higgaadda Ingiriisiga ee hore waxaa ka mid ahaa ''Okovango'', halka qaar ka mid ah aqoonyahannada Namibiya ay door bidaan ''Kavango'' marka ay tixraacayaan wabiga iyo gobolka Namibiya. Taariikhyahan Andreas Eckl wuxuu xusay in warbixinnadii [[Gumaystihii Jarmalka ee Koonfur Galbeed Afrika|gumaystaha Jarmalka]] ay adeegsadeen ''Okavango'', laakiin in ''O-'' bilowga ah aysan ku badneyn luuqadaha maxalliga ah ee Kavango, taas beddelkeedana waxaa loo nisbeeyay saamaynta [[Luuqadda Herero]].&lt;ref name=&quot;eckl-2007&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last=Eckl |first=Andreas |year=2007 |title=Reports from ‘beyond the line’: The accumulation of knowledge of Kavango and its peoples by the German colonial administration 1891–1911 |url=https://welwitschia.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/JNS_June2007_7to37.pdf |journal=Journal of Namibian Studies |volume=1 |pages=7–37 |access-date=12 May 2026}} {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Qulqulka ==
{{Main|Dooxada Kalahari}}
Wabiyada Cubango iyo Cuito waa wabi-gacmeedyada ugu waaweyn ee [[Okavango Delta]], waxayna saameeyaan caafimaadkeeda.&lt;ref name=mendelsohn&gt;{{cite web | last=Mendelsohn | first=John | title=A River in Trouble | website=Conservation Namibia | date=9 September 2021 | url=https://conservationnamibia.com/articles/cn2021-river-in-trouble.php | access-date=8 January 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | last1=Goyder | first1=David J. | last2=Barker | first2=Nigel | last3=Bester | first3=Stoffel P. | last4=Frisby | first4=Arnold | last5=Janks | first5=Matt | last6=Gonçalves | first6=Francisco M.P.|display-authors=2 | title=The Cuito catchment of the Okavango system: a vascular plant checklist for the Angolan headwaters | url=https://archive.org/details/cuitocatchmento113goyd | journal=PhytoKeys | publisher=Pensoft Publishers | issue=113 | date=27 November 2018 | issn=1314-2003 | doi=10.3897/phytokeys.113.30439 | doi-access=free | pages=1–31| pmid=30524187 | pmc=6279898 | bibcode=2018PhytK.113....1G | hdl=2263/71882 | hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Gudaha Angola, [[gubasho la xakameeyey]] oo xilliyeed ah oo dhirta ah ayaa xirta qeybaha sare ee Cuito waxayna yareeyaan qulqulka biyaha ee hoose maadaama biyaha urursan ay halkii ka qulqulaan [[dib-u-buuxinta biyaha dhulka hoostiisa|biyo-mareenka bacaadka ah]]&lt;!-- [[Percolation]] --&gt;.&lt;ref name=into&gt;{{cite web |last1=Society |first1=National Geographic |author-link=National Geographic |title=Okavango Wilderness Project |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.org/projects/okavango/ |website=www.nationalgeographic.org |publisher=[[Into the Okavango]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108114019/https://www.nationalgeographic.org/projects/okavango/ |archive-date=8 November 2020 |language=en |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2015, National Geographic waxay bilowday Mashruuca Okavango Wilderness (NGOWP) si ay si ballaaran u sahamiyaan Okavango/Cubango Basin. Sannadkii 2023, NGOWP waxay daabaceen natiijooyinkooda oo ay ku jirtay helitaanka isha asalka ah. Isha waxaa laga helay dhul-beereed cufan oo ku yaal Buuraleyda Angola, oo si habboon loogu magacaabay &quot;Angola Highlands Water Tower&quot; (AHWT) ama Lisima Iya Mwono - oo macnaheedu yahay &quot;Isha Nolosha&quot; - ee luuqadda Luchaze. In ka badan 12 cagood oo qoto dheer meelaha qaar, AHWT waxaa lagu qiyaasaa inay haysato 423km&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; (ama in ka badan 100 tiriliyan oo galloon) oo biyo ah, taasoo siisa in ka badan 95% biyaha Okavanga Basin. Sannadkii 2026, AHWT waxaa loo asteeyay &quot;Wetland of International Importance&quot; ee ugu horreeya Angola ee uu cayimay Axdiga Ramsar ee ku saabsan dhul-qoyan iyo dawladda Angola. 

Kahor inta aysan galin Botswana, wabigu wuxuu hoos u dhacaa {{cvt|4|m}} taxane ah oo hirar degdeg ah oo loo yaqaan [[Popa Falls]], oo muuqda marka wabigu hooseeyo, sida inta lagu jiro xilliga abaarta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Siyabona Africa Travel (Pty) Ltd, &quot;Popa Falls | Okavango River | Botswana&quot; webpage: [http://www.travel.za.net/africa_popa_falls.html TravelZA-PopaFalls]&lt;/ref&gt;

Xilliga roobka, qulqulka loo qoondeeyey [[Wabiga Boteti]] ayaa markeeda xilli ahaan u qulqula [[Makgadikgadi Pan]]s, kaas oo leh aag ballaaran oo [[dhul-qoyan]] ah xilliga roobka halkaas oo tobanaan kun oo [[flamingo]]s ay ku kulmaan xagaa kasta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andy Burnham, Pete Evans (Layout), The Megalithic Portal and Megalith Map |title=Makgadikgadi |url=http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=22373&amp;mode=&amp;order=0 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030065111/https://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=22373&amp;mode=&amp;order=0 |archive-date=2023-10-30 |access-date=2025-02-27 |website=The Megalithic Portal |language=en |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Qeyb ka mid ah qulqulka wabiga ayaa buuxiya [[Harada Ngami]]. 

== Fatahaadda ==
[[File:Popafälle (2018).jpg|thumb|Popa Falls (2018)]]
Xilli roobaad kasta, Angola waxay heshaa saddex jeer in ka badan roobabka Botswana, taasoo soo saarta qulqul ka sarreeya sidii caadiga ahayd oo gala Okavango, iyadoo u beddelaysa aagagga saxaraha ee dibadda ah dhul-qoyan weyn.

In kasta oo roobabka xagaaga ay ka da'aan Angola bisha Janaayo, waxay qaataan hal bil oo dhan si ay ugu safraan 1,000&amp;nbsp;km ee ugu horreeya Wabiga Okavango, ka dibna waxay qaataan afar bilood oo kale si ay ugu [[miirid|sifeeyaan]] dhirta iyo kanaalo badan oo ka mid ah 250&amp;nbsp;km ee ugu dambeeya ee delta-ga. Natiijo ahaan, fatahaaddu waa tan ugu weyn inta u dhaxaysa Juun iyo Agoosto, inta lagu jiro bilaha jiilaalka ee abaarta ee Botswana. Delta-gu markaas wuxuu bararaa ilaa saddex jeer oo ka mid ah cabbirkiisa joogtada ah, isagoo soo jiidanaya xayawaanno ka yimid kilomitir hareeraha iyo abuurista mid ka mid ah uruurinta ugu weyn ee Afrika ee [[duurjoogta]].

Meeshiisa ugu ballaaran sannad fatahaad weyn, [[qoyan-xilliyeedka]] wuxuu gaaraa 150&amp;nbsp;km oo ka kala imanaya bari ilaa galbeed; mid ka mid ah arrimaha horseeda dabeecadda mar walba isbeddela ee delta waa fidsanaanta aagga. Haddii qof uu qaato qayb iskutallaab ah oo ka mid ah delta meeshiisa ugu ballaaran, qofku wuxuu ogaan lahaa in isbeddelka dhererka ee ka yimaada celceliska in ka badan 150&amp;nbsp;km uu ka yar yahay 2 m, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in dhigaal bacaad yar uu keeni karo isbeddello waaweyn.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Okavango Delta – Part 2 {{!}} |url=http://blog.africabespoke.com/okavango-delta-part-2/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621102937/http://blog.africabespoke.com/okavango-delta-part-2/ |archive-date=2018-06-21 |access-date=2026-05-31 |website=blog.africabespoke.com |language=en-US |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadaha aadka u roobka badan, qeyb ka mid ah qulqulka wabiga ayaa laga yaabaa inay u fidaan Wabiga Magweggana (dhab ahaantii waa [[wabi-gacmeed]] waqooyi-bari ee Okavango Delta) oo gala [[Wabiga Zambezi]], iyagoo dhaafaya [[Saxaraha Kalahari|Kalahari]].

== Gaadiidka fariisinta ==
Wabigu wuxuu sannadkii qaadaa 28,000 oo tan oo [[fariisin la hakiyay]] iyo qaddar la mid ah culeyska sariirta ilaa qoyan-xilliyeedka terminalka.&lt;ref name=&quot;hani&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hanibal Lemma |first1=iyo asxaabtiisa |title=Bedload transport measurements in the Gilgel Abay River, Lake Tana Basin, Ethiopia |journal=Journal of Hydrology |date=2019 |volume=577 |article-number=123968 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.123968 |bibcode=2019JHyd..57723968L |s2cid=199099061 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Inta badan fariisinka qaybaha ah ee uu qaado wabigu waa bacaad wanaagsan, oo leh xoogaa dhoobo ah iyo dhiiqo, taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay dhismaha juqraafiyeed ee dooxada Wabiga Okavango kaas oo inta badan uu hoos maro bacaadka Kalahari. Waxaa jira uruurin hoose oo ah adkaha milmay ee biyaha wabiga - qiyaastii 40&amp;nbsp;mg/L, oo inta badan ka kooban silica, calcium iyo magnesium bicarbonates - laakiin adkahan milmay waxay sameeyaan qaybta ugu weyn ee fariisinka loo qaado delta sababtoo ah qaddarka biyaha sannadlaha ah waa mid aad u weyn.&lt;ref name=&quot;SafGeo&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=McCarthy |first1=T S  |title= The okavango delta and its place in the geomorphological evolution of Southern Africa |journal=South African Journal of Geology |date=October 2013 |volume=116 |issue=1 |pages=1–54 |doi=10.2113/gssajg.116.1.1|bibcode=2013SAJG..116....1M }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taariikh ==
Intii lagu jiray xilliyadii qaboobaha ee taariikhda Dhulka, qeyb ka mid ah Kalahari waxay ahayd haro weyn, oo loo yaqaan [[Harada Makgadikgadi]]. Waqtigan, Okavango waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah wabi-gacmeedyadiisa ugu waaweyn.
[[File:Cuito and Okavango (2018).jpg|thumb|Isku biirka Cuito (laga soo bilaabo sare) iyo Okavango (qulqulaya bidix ilaa midig) (2018)&lt;br /&gt;{{Coord|18|01|40|S| 020|47|31|E|display=inline|dim:10000}}]]

== Khilaafka biyaha ==
Labada Namibia iyo Botswana waxay la kulmaan abaaro, natiijo ahaan, walaac ayaa laga muujiyay khilaaf suurtagal ah oo ku saabsan isticmaalka biyaha wabiga. Namibia waxay dhistay kanaalka biyaha, oo dhererkiisu yahay qiyaastii 300&amp;nbsp;km, waxayna soo jeedisay mashruuc lagu dhisayo dhuun 250&amp;nbsp;km ah si looga leexiyo biyaha wabiga loo geeyo Namibia si ay u caawiso yareynta abaarta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hWrEcl2ydzEC&amp;pg=PA294|title=Resource Politics in Sub-Saharan Africa|last=Basedau|first=Matthias|date=2005-01-01|publisher=GIGA-Hamburg|isbn=978-3-928049-91-7|pages=294|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z3ilzosWx4wC&amp;pg=PA96|title=Management of Transboundary Rivers and Lakes|last1=Varis|first1=Olli|last2=Tortajada|first2=Cecilia|last3=Biswas|first3=Asit K.|date=2008-03-15|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-3-540-74928-8|pages=96|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Botswana, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay isticmaashaa Okavango Delta labadaba dakhliga dalxiiska iyo ilaha biyaha. Waaxda Arrimaha Biyaha ee Botswana waxay soo gudbisay in 97% biyaha wabiga ay ku lumaan uumiga, sidaas darteed dalku ma awoodo inuu lumiyo wax biyo ah oo dheeraad ah.

Namibia, dhankeeda, waxay ku doodday inay leexin doonto oo kaliya nus ka mid ah boqolkiiba qulqulka wabiga, iyo inay xaq u leedahay wixii biyo ah ee ku qulqula dhulkeeda. Si wax looga qabto arrimahaas oo kale, bishii Sebtembar 1994, Angola, Namibia, iyo Botswana waxay saxiixdeen heshiis dhinacyo badan leh si ay u sameeyaan Komishanka Biyaha ee Dooxada Wabiga Okavango ee Joogtada ah, si ay talooyin u siiyaan saddexda waddan oo ku saabsan hababka ugu wanaagsan ee loo wadaagi karo kheyraadka Wabiga Okavango.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

=== Sahaminta shidaalka ===
[[ReconAfrica]], oo ah shirkad sahaminta batroolka oo xarunteedu tahay [[Canada]], waxay heshay shatiyo sahamin oo loogu talagalay in ka badan 13,600 mayl laba jibaaran oo dhul ah oo ku yaal [[Gobolkii Kavango]] ee hore ee Namibia iyo gudaha [[Botswana]]. Bishii Janaayo 2021 ReconAfrica waxay ku dhawaaqday bilowga hawlaha qodista ee ceelka sahaminta ugu horreeya. Dadka u dhaqdhaqaaqa deegaanka ayaa muujiyay walaac ah in qorshayaasha ReconAfrica ee ceelashooda tijaabada ah aan si habboon loogu baarin habka dib u eegista deegaanka ee Namibia, si kastaba ha ahaatee ReconAfrica iyo labada dawladood ee Namibia iyo Botswana waxay sheegeen in hawlaha shirkadu ay raaceen habkii saxda ahaa iyo in aysan jiri doonin wax jajabin ah (fracking).&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=ReconAfrica Environmental, Social, and Governance |url=https://reconafrica.com/our-sustainable-approach/environmental-social-governance/ |access-date=20 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{cite press release |title=Press release - Clarity on explorative activities by Reconnaissance Energy Botswana |url=https://twitter.com/bwgovernment/status/1359497088128733191 |website=twitter.com |access-date=30 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Factual Response to article titled: &quot;Oil Drillers Threaten Okavango Ecosystem&quot; |url=http://www.mme.gov.na/news/73/No-Fracking-Activities-will-be-conducted-In-the-Okavango-Delta |website=mme.gov.na |access-date=30 April 2021 |archive-date=18 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518042410/http://www.mme.gov.na/news/73/No-Fracking-Activities-will-be-conducted-In-the-Okavango-Delta |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aagga qodista ee ReconAfrica wuxuu ku yaal gobolka [[Kavango West]] kaas oo leh beerta ilaalinta ee dalal badan, lix kayd oo duurjoog ah oo maxalli ah oo la maareeyo, iyo hal goob oo [[UNESCO World Heritage]] ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee shatiga qodista kuma jiro mid ka mid ah aagahan la ilaaliyo.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/news/reconafrica-start-drilling-first-well-kavango-basin-namibia/ ReconAfrica waxay bilowday qodista ceelka ugu horreeya ee Kavango Basin, Namibia]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210219215106/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/oil-drilling-fracking-planned-okavango-wilderness Qodista saliidda, jajabinta suurtagalka ah ee loo qorsheeyay gobolka Okavango—kutaalka ugu dambeeya ee maroodiyaasha]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraac ==
{{Reflist}}

== Xiriirinta dibadda ==
{{Commons}}
{{Portal|Juqraafiga|Afrika}}
* [http://www.okacom.org/ OKACOM Bogga hore]

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    <title>Webiga Bankasoka</title>
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      <text bytes="1564" sha1="fxyclt6kmzby7scxskarw46nd5u83h2" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox river|name=Bankasoka|image=Port Loko River - Feb 2011 - panoramio (1).jpg|country=[[Sierra Leone]]|ports=[[Port Pepel]] iyo [[Port Loko]]}}

'''Webiga Bankasoka''' waa wabi ku yaal [[Sierra Leone]].

Isagoo ah [[af-gudbada]] mawjado leh (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan ''Port Loko Creek''), wuxuu ku biiraa [[Webiga Rokel]] dhanka koonfureed si uu u sameeyo [[Webiga Sierra Leone]].&lt;ref&gt;West Africa Topographical Maps, Series N504, 1:250,000, U.S. Army Map Service, 1955.&lt;/ref&gt;

Laba dekedood ayaa ku yaal wabigan, [[Port Pepel]]{{citation needed|date=Oktoobar 2014}} iyo [[Port Loko]].

Bankasoka waa wabi xeebeed, oo ay weheliso [[Webiga Rokel]], samaysa af-gudbada [[Webiga Sierra Leone]] qiyaastii 40 kiiloomitir u jirta Badweynta Atlaantik. Qaybta waqooyi waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan ''Tumbu-See'' (Af-Ingiriisi: ''Tumbu Lake'').&lt;ref&gt;''West Africa Topographical Maps'', Series N504, 1:250,000, U.S. Army Map Service, 1955.&lt;/ref&gt; Webiga waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan Port Loko Creek sababtoo ah magaalada magacaas leh waxay ku taal wabiga.

Waxaa jira saddex saldhig oo yaryar oo korontada biyaha laga dhaliyo oo u dhow Port Loko.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.africanpowerplatform.org/resources/power-projects/user-item/728-admin/257-bankasoka-hydro-dam.html ''Bankasoka Hydro Dam.'' Africa Power Platform.] {{Wayback|url=https://www.africanpowerplatform.org/resources/power-projects/user-item/728-admin/257-bankasoka-hydro-dam.html |date=20210508171533 }} Waxaa la helay 13 Juun 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tixraacyo ==
{{reflist}}

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  <page>
    <title>Blue Nile</title>
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      <text bytes="18610" sha1="f1e6qa1cnvltafpj1sf1yan77wgxjyh" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox river
| name = Webiga Abay
| image = ET Bahir Dar asv2018-02 img32 view from Bezawit.jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption = Webiga Abay ee Itoobiya
| map = Blue nile map.png
| source1_location = [[Gish Abay at Sekela]], Itoobiya
| source1_coordinates = {{Coord|11.002|37.225|format=dms|display=i}}
| source1_elevation = {{Convert|2560|m|abbr=on}}
| mouth = [[Webiga Niil]]
| mouth_location = [[Khartoum]], Suudaan
| mouth_coordinates = {{Coord|15.642|32.505|format=dms|display=i}}
| mouth_elevation = {{Convert|373|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| subdivision_type1 = Wadamada
| subdivision_name1 = [[Itoobiya]], [[Suudaan]]
| progression = [[Niil]] → [[Bada Dhexe]]
| length = {{convert|1450|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| discharge1_avg = {{convert|1548|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}
| basin_size = {{convert|325000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
| river_system = [[Niil]]
| tributaries_left = [[Webiga Bashilo|Bashilo]], [[Webiga Walaqa|Walaqa]], [[Webiga Jamma|Jamma]], [[Webiga Muger|Muger]], [[Webiga Guder|Guder]], [[Webiga Gulla|Gulla]], [[Webiga Didessa|Didessa]], [[Webiga Dabus|Dabus]]
| tributaries_right = [[Webiga Beles|Beles]], [[Webiga Dinder|Dinder]], [[Webiga Rahad|Rahad]]
| other_name = Abay
}}
'''Webiga Abay'''{{notetag| {{bulleted list |{{Langx|am|ጥቁር አባይ|translit=t’ikʼuri ābayi}} |{{Langx|om|Mormor or Abbayaa|| aabbaha durdurrada ||}} |{{Langx|ar|النيل الأزرق|translit=an-Nīl al-ʾAzraqu}}}}}} waa [[wabi]] ka soo askuma [[Harada Tana]] ee [[Itoobiya]]. Waxa uu u safrayaa qiyaastii {{Convert|1,450|km|mi|abbr=on}} isagoo dhex mara Itoobiya iyo [[Suudaan]]. Isagoo ay weheliso [[Niilka Cad]], waxa uu ka mid yahay labada [[wabi laamood]] ee ugu waaweyn [[Niil]] wuxuuna siiyaa qiyaastii 85.6% biyaha Niil xilliga [[Xilli-roobaad|xilli-roobaadka]].

== Marin-biyoodka ==
Masaafada wabiga laga bilaabo [[Isha wabiga|isha]] ilaa [[isku darka]] ayaa si kala duwan loogu soo wariyay inta u dhaxaysa {{convert|1460|and|1600|km|mi}}. Hubanti la'aantan ayaa laga yaabaa inay ka dhalatay xaqiiqda ah in wabigu u qulqulo taxane ka mid ah guryo aan la dhex mari karin oo ku yaal [[Buuraleyda Itoobiya]] ilaa qoto dheer oo qiyaastii {{convert|1500|m}}. Sida ku cad agabka ay daabacday [[Wakaaladda Tirakoobka Dhexe]], oo ah wakaalad dawladeed oo Itoobiya ah, Abay wuxuu leeyahay dherer dhan {{convert|1450|km}}, oo ka mid ah {{convert|800|km|mi}} ay ku yaallaan gudaha Itoobiya.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&amp;view=doc&amp;id=184&amp;format=raw&amp;Itemid=466 &quot;Climate, 2008 National Statistics (Abstract)&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&amp;view=doc&amp;id=184&amp;format=raw&amp;Itemid=466 |date=20101113215000 }} , Shaxda A.1. Website-ka Wakaaladda Tirakoobka Dhexe (la helay 26 Diseembar 2009)&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gudaha Itoobiya ===
Abay waxa uu ka soo askumaa [[Gish Abay]] oo ku taal [[Sekela]] ee Itoobiya (halkaas oo loogu yeero Webiga Abay). Wabigu wuxuu u qulqulaa guud ahaan koonfurta ka hor inta uusan gelin dooxad qiyaastii {{convert|400|km|mi|-1|abbr=on}} dherer ah, qiyaastii {{convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}} Harada Tana, taas oo ah caqabad weyn oo dhanka safarka iyo isgaarsiinta u dhaxaysa waqooyiga iyo koonfurta Itoobiya. Dooxada waxaa markii ugu horreysay loogu yeeray &quot;Grand Canyon&quot; 1968 koox Ingiriis ah oo fulisay markii ugu horreysay ee wabiga laga soo dejiyo Harada Tana ilaa dhammaadka dooxada; xisbiyada wabiga ee rafaadka ah ayaa ugu yeeray &quot;Grand Canyon of the Nile&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gzx5qS4AvzwC&amp;dq=%22Grand+Canyon+of+the+Nile%22&amp;pg=PA37|title=Breakthroughs: An Integrated Advanced English Program|first1=Marina|last1=Engelking|first2=Gloria|last2=McPherson-Ramirez|date=15 Abriil 2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-542738-7|via=Google Books}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Biyo-dhaca Abay]] ([[Amxaari]]: Tis Abay, macno ahaan &quot;qiiq weyn&quot;), oo ah mid ka mid ah goobaha ugu waaweyn ee dalxiiska ee Itoobiya, ayaa ku yaal bilowga dooxada.

Wabigu wuxuu ku wareegaa waqooyi-galbeed Itoobiya ka hor inta uusan quudin wabi laamoodyo badan oo u dhexeeya Harada Tana iyo [[xuduudka Itoobiya iyo Suudaan]]. Kuwa ku yaal bangiga bidix, oo u kala horreeya qulqulka, waxaa ka mid ah Webiga Wanqa, [[Webiga Bashilo]], [[Webiga Walaqa]], [[Webiga Wanchet]], [[Webiga Jamma]], [[Webiga Muger]], [[Webiga Guder]], Webiga Agwel, Webiga Nedi, [[Webiga Didessa]] iyo [[Webiga Dabus]]. Kuwa ku yaal dhanka midig, sidoo kale u kala horreeya qulqulka, waxaa ka mid ah Handassa, Tul, Abaya, Sade, Tammi, Cha, Shita, Suha, [[Webiga Muga (Itoobiya)|Muga]], [[Gulla (wabi)|Gulla]], [[Temcha]], Bachat, Katlan, Jiba, Chamoga, Weter iyo [[Webiga Beles|Beles]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Huntingford&quot;&gt;Liisaskan waxay ku salaysan yihiin isku dubbaridka G.W.B. Huntingford, ''Historical Geography of Ethiopia from the first century AD to 1704'' (London: British Academy, 1989), p. 34&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gudaha Suudaan ===
[[Image:whiteandblueniles.jpg|thumb|Sawirka dayax-gacmeedka halka Niilka Cad iyo Abay ay isugu tagaan|alt=]]

Abay kadib wuxuu u sii jeedaa waqooyi-galbeed ee Suudaan. Wuxuu u safrayaa qiyaastii {{Convert|650|km|mi|abbr=on}}, isagoo dhaafaya [[Er Roseires]] oo uu ku helayo [[Webiga Dinder]] dhanka midig ee bangiga at [[Dinder, Suudaan|Dinder]]. Magaalada [[Khartoum]], Abay wuxuu ku biiraa [[Niilka Cad]] iyo, sida [[Niil]], wuxuu u qulqulaa [[Masar]] ilaa [[Bada Dhexe]] ee [[Aleksandriya]].

== Qulqulka biyaha ==
[[Image:Zusammenfluss der Nile.JPG|thumb|upright=1.3|Isku darka webiyada Abay iyo Niilka Cad meel u dhow [[Khartoum]], caasimadda [[Suudaan]]|alt=]]
Qulqulka Abay wuxuu gaaraa mugga ugu badan xilli-roobaadka laga bilaabo Juun ilaa Sebtembar, markaas oo uu bixiyo 80{{endash}}86% biyaha Niilka saxda ah. Wabigu wuxuu ahaa il weyn oo ka mid ah [[daadadka Niil]] ee Masar taas oo gacan ka geysatay bacriminta Dooxada Niil iyo kor u kaca ka dhashay [[Masar-tii Hore]] iyo [[Khuraafaadka Masar]]. Iyada oo la dhammaystiray [[Biyo-xireenka Aswan]] 1970, daadadkan ayaa joogsaday inay ka dhacaan koonfurta Masar. Inta lagu jiro xilliga [[monsoon]] ee xagaaga, Abay wuxuu nabaad-guuriyaa xaddi badan oo ciid bacrin ah oo ka timaada Buuraleyda Itoobiya wuxuuna u qaadaa qulqulka hoose sida [[dhoobo]], taas oo biyaha ka dhigaysa mid bunni madow ama ku dhow madow.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Its Origin, Falls, and Gorge|url=http://www.dinkneshethiopiatour.com/index.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150820192901/http://www.dinkneshethiopiatour.com/index.htm|archive-date=20 Agoosto 2015|access-date=11 Oktoobar 2015|publisher=Dinknesh Ethiopia Tour}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abay wuxuu muhiim u yahay nolosha dadka Masar: isagoo ah wabi laamoodka ugu muhiimsan ee Niil, wuxuu ku kordhiyaa in ka badan 85% qulqulka Niil.&lt;ref name=&quot;handle2012&quot;&gt;Mohamed Helmy Mahmoud Moustafa Elsanabary{{Citation
| title= Teleconnection, Modeling, Climate Anomalies Impact and Forecasting of Rainfall and Streamflow of the Upper Blue Nile River Basin
| year =	 2012
| publisher = [[Jaamacadda Alberta]]
|hdl = 10402/era.28151| location = [[Canada]]
| doi =	 10.7939/R3377641M
| last1 =	 Elsanabary
| first1 =	 Mohamed Helmy Mahmoud Moustafa
}}&lt;/ref&gt; Inkasta oo uu ka gaaban yahay Niilka Cad, 59% biyaha gaara Masar waxay ka yimaadaan buuraleyda Itoobiya iyada oo loo marayo Abay. Wabigu sidoo kale waa il muhiim u ah Suudaan, halkaas oo [[Biyo-xireenka Roseires]] iyo [[Biyo-xireenka Sennar]] ay ku kordhiyaan 80% korontada dalka laga dhaliyo [[koronto-biyoodka]]. Biyo-xireenadan ayaa sidoo kale gacan ka geysta waraabinta [[Gezira Scheme]], oo ugu caansan [[cudbi]]-ga tayada sarreeya, iyo sidoo kale [[sarreen]] iyo wax soo saarka dalagga cuntada xoolaha ee aagga.

Nofeembar 2012, Itoobiya waxay bilowday dhismaha [[Biyo-xireenka Weyn ee Itoobiya]], biyo-xireen koronto-biyood oo 6000-megawatt ah oo ku yaal wabiga. Biyo-xireenka ayaa la filayaa inuu noqdo mid kor u qaada dhaqaalaha Itoobiya. Suudaan iyo Masar, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay muujiyeen welwelkooda ku saabsan dhimista biyaha la heli karo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
 |url          = http://www.trust.org/item/?map=nile-dam-project-a-hydropower-hope-but-regional-sore-point
 |title        = Ethiopia: Nile Dam Project a Hydropower Hope, but Regional Sore Point
 |year         = 2012
 |publisher    = [[Thomson Reuters Foundation]]
 |location     = [[Afrika]]
 |access-date  = 9 Luulyo 2015
 |url-status   = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20150714191513/http://www.trust.org/item/?map=nile-dam-project-a-hydropower-hope-but-regional-sore-point
 |archive-date = 14 Luulyo 2015
}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koronto dhalintu waxay bilaabatay Febraayo 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-60451702|title = Ethiopia starts generating power from River Nile dam|work = BBC News|date = 20 Febraayo 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taariikh ==
[[File: Completed new Sebara Dildiy bridge.jpg|right|thumb|Buundada ganaaxa ee Webiga Abay. Waa buundada kaliya ee lugta lagu maro ee ganaaxa ee Abay ee Itoobiya.]]
[[File: Bridges across the Blue Nile Gorge.jpg|right|thumb|Dooxada Abay ee Itoobiya.]]
Cabsi Masar ay ka qabto in Itoobiya ay xannibi karto Abay waxay ahayd arrin weyn oo ku saabsan xiriirka dheer iyo kan adag ee Itoobiya iyo Masar. Inkasta oo Masar ay Itoobiya u tiirsanayd biyaha, Itoobiya waxay ku tiirsanayd [[Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria]] awoodda baadari iyo magacaabista magaalo-madaxeeda. Isku tiirsanaantan ayaa qaabaysay dhacdooyinka tan iyo qarnigii 11-aad. Qarniyo badan, hanjabaadda ah in la xannibo Abay waxay ahayd istaraatiijiyad wax ku ool ah oo lagu hubinayo magacaabista magaalo-madaxyada Masar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ficil ahaan, marna lama isku dayin leexinta ama isticmaalka ballaaran ee biyaha wabiga.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Uhlig |first1=Siegbert |title=Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: A-C |date=2003 |pages=27}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhibaato hore ayaa soo baxday intii lagu jiray boqortooyadii Zagwe King [[Gebre Mesqel Lalibela]], kaas oo Masriyiintu ka shakiyeen inuu isku dayayo inuu leexiyo wabiga, inkasta oo boqortooyadiisu aysan waligeed gaarin Abay. Waxa uu ahaa Boqor [[Amda Seyon I]] kii ugu horreeyay ee qabsaday bassin-ka Abay oo bilaabay faafinta Masiixiyadda halkaas.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Uhlig |first1=Siegbert |title=Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: A-C |date=2003 |pages=27}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Boqorradii Solomonic, gaar ahaan [[Dawit II]], [[Yeshaq I]], iyo [[Zara Yaqob]], waxay sii wadeen inay ku adkaystaan xakamaynta Itoobiya ee wabiga ahaan qalab diblomaasiyadeed. Waxay kaloo xoojiyeen fikraddan dhanka diinta, iyagoo aqoonsanaya Abay oo leh Gihon-kii Baybalka iyo la qabsiga Tammera Maryam si ay u sharciyeeyaan awooddooda biyaha. Khuraafaadkii Yurub ee qarniyadii dhexe ee ku saabsanaa Itoobiya Masiixi ah oo awood leh oo gacan ka geysanaysa burburinta Islaamka ayaa sii kordhiyay muhiimadda Abay ee xiriirka Itoobiya iyo Masar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Uhlig |first1=Siegbert |title=Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: A-C |date=2003 |pages=27}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Qofkii ugu horreeyay ee Yurubiyaan ah oo la ogaa inuu arkay Abay ee Itoobiya iyo isha wabiga wuxuu ahaa [[Pedro Páez]], oo ahaa [[Society of Jesus|Jesuit]] Isbaanish ah oo gaaray isha wabiga 21 Abriil 1618.&lt;ref&gt;R. E. Cheesman, ''Geographical Journal'', '''71''' (1928), p.&amp;nbsp;361&lt;/ref&gt; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Bortaqiiskii João Bermudes, oo isku tilmaamay &quot;Baadari Itoobiya&quot;, ayaa bixiyay sharraxaaddii ugu horreysay ee Tis Abay River Falls oo ku jirta xusuus-qorkiisa oo la daabacay 1565, iyo qof kasta oo Yurubiyaan ah oo ku noolaa Itoobiya qarnigii 15-aad sida [[Pêro da Covilhã]] ayaa arki karay wabiga muddo dheer ka hor Páez, laakiin uusan gaarin ishiisa. Isha Niilka saxda ah ayaa sidoo kale waxaa gaaray 1629 adeegaha Jesuit ee Boortaqiiska [[Jerónimo Lobo]] iyo 1770 sahamiyihii Scottish-ka [[James Bruce]].

In kasta oo sahamiyayaasha Yurub ay ka fekereen inay raacaan waddada Niilka laga bilaabo isku darka Abay iyo Niilka Cad ilaa Harada Tana, Dooxada Abay waxay niyad-jabisay dhammaan isku dayadii tan iyo isku daygii [[Frédéric Cailliaud]] ee 1821. Isku daygii ugu horreeyay ee halis ah oo qof aan maxalli ahayn uu sahamiyo waddadan wabiga waxaa fuliyay Maraykanka W.W. Macmillan 1902, iyadoo la kaashanayo sahamiyihii Norway B.H. Jenssen; Jenssen wuxuu u socday kor ilaa Khartoum halka Macmillan uu u safrayay hoos ka yimid Harada Tana. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, doonyaha Jenssen waxaa xannibay qulqulka at [[Famaka]] gaaban xuduudka Suudaan-Itoobiya, iyo doonyaha Macmillan ayaa burburay wax yar ka dib markii la bilaabay. Macmillan wuxuu ku dhiirigeliyay Jenssen inuu isku dayo inuu markale kor u safrayo Khartoum 1905, laakiin waxaa lagu qasbay inuu joojiyo {{convert|300|mi|km|sigfig=1|order=flip|abbr=on}} gaaban Harada Tana.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Moorehead, ''The Blue Nile'', daabacaaddii dib loo eegay (New York: Harper and Row, 1972), pp.&amp;nbsp;319f&lt;/ref&gt; [[Robert Ernest Cheesman|Robert Cheesman]], oo diiwaangeliyay yaabkiisa markuu gaaray Itoobiya markuu ogaaday in biyaha sare ee &quot;mid ka mid ah wabiyada ugu caansan ee adduunka, iyo mid magaciisu si fiican loogu yaqaanay qadiimiga&quot; uu ku jiray noloshiisa &quot;lagu calaamadeeyay khariidadda khadad dhibco leh&quot;, wuxuu ku guuleystay inuu khariidado waddada sare ee Abay intii u dhaxaysay 1925 iyo 1933. Wuxuu tan sameeyay ma aha iyadoo la raacayo wabiga bangiyadiisa iyo dooxadiisa aan la dhex mari karin laakiin iyadoo la raacayo buuraleyda sare, u safraya qiyaastii {{convert|5000|mi|km|order=flip|abbr=on}} baqlo dalka deriska ah.&lt;ref&gt;Cheesman, pp.&amp;nbsp;358–374.&lt;/ref&gt;

1950-meeyadii iyo 1960-meeyadii, dhowr qof oo ku safraya doonniyaal ayaa ku dhex mareen qaybo ka mid ah dooxada. 1968, codsi ka yimid [[Haile Selassie]], koox ka kooban 60 askari iyo saynisyahanno Ingiriis iyo Itoobiyaan ah ayaa sameeyay markii ugu horreysay ee si buuxda loogu dego wabiga laga bilaabo Harada Tana ilaa barta u dhow xuduudka Suudaan oo uu hoggaaminayo sahamiyaha [[John Blashford-Snell]].&lt;ref&gt;Snailham, Richard. 1970. ''The Blue Nile Revealed''. London: Chatto and Windus.&lt;/ref&gt; Kooxdu waxay isticmaashay [[Avon Inflatables]] si gaar ah loo dhisay iyo [[Royal Engineers]] [[assault boat]]s oo wax laga beddelay si ay u maraan qulqulka cabsida leh. Sahaminta rafaadka ee xigay 1970-meeyadii iyo 1980-meeyadii guud ahaan waxay daboolayeen oo kaliya qaybo ka mid ah dooxada wabiga.

1999, qoraa Virginia Morell&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bookreporter.com/reviews/0792279514.asp|title=Blue Nile: Ethiopia's River of Magic and Mystery - Bookreporter.com|website=bookreporter.com|access-date=3 Maajo 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608171628/http://www.bookreporter.com/reviews/0792279514.asp|archive-date=8 Juun 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo sawir qaade Nevada Wier ayaa safarka ku maray rafd laga bilaabo Harada Tana ilaa Suudaan, iyagoo daabacay dukumentiyo ku saabsan safarkooda ka dib.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0012/feature1/ |title=Blue Nile @ nationalgeographic.com |publisher=Ngm.nationalgeographic.com |access-date=27 Janaayo 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006021132/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0012/feature1/ |archive-date=6 Oktoobar 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 2000, Maraykan iyo akhristaha National Geographic, Kenneth Frantz, ayaa arkay sawir ay qaadday Nevada Wier oo loogu talagalay ''National Geographic'' kaas oo u horseedi doona inuu aasaaso samafalka [[Bridges to Prosperity]]. Sawirkani wuxuu muujiyay buundada jabtay intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka, iyadoo 10 nin ay ku sugnaayeen labada dhinac ee qaybta jabtay ay isku jiidayaan iyagoo adeegsanaya xadhig. Buundadan taariikhiga ah waxaa dhisay Boqor [[Fasilides]] qiyaastii 1660 iyadoo la adeegsanayo tignoolajiyada buundada Roomaanka ee loo keenay Itoobiya askarta Bortaqiiska intii lagu jiray dagaalkii lala galay duullaankii Muslimiinta 1507.&lt;ref name=Britannica&gt;{{cite book|last=Baynes|first=Thomas Spencer|title=The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature, Volume 1|year=1838|publisher=Henry G. Allen and Company|edition=Sagaaraad|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_TKcMAAAAYAAJ|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_TKcMAAAAYAAJ/page/n76 65]|chapter=Abyssinia}}&lt;/ref&gt; Labada 2001 iyo 2009, tabaruceyaasha Bridges to Prosperity ayaa u safrayay Maraykanka si ay u dayactiraan buundada jabtay ee Abay ka dibna waxay dhisteen [[buundada ganaaxa]] cusub oo aan u nugulayn fatahaadda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bridgestoprosperity.org/ |title=Envisioning a world where poverty caused by rural isolation no longer exists |publisher=Bridges to Prosperity |access-date=27 Janaayo 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130112041000/http://www.bridgestoprosperity.org/ |archive-date=12 Janaayo 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

28 Abriil 2004, juqraafi Pasquale Scaturro iyo lammaanihiisa, kayaker iyo agaasimaha dukumentiyada Gordon Brown, ayaa noqday dadkii ugu horreeyay ee la ogaa ee ku dhex mara Abay gebi ahaanba. In kasta oo safarkoodu uu ku jiray dhowr qof oo kale, Brown iyo Scaturro waxay ahaayeen kuwa kaliya ee ku hadhay safarka intii lagu jiray safarka oo dhan. Waxay ku qoreen tacaburkooda kamarad [[IMAX]] iyo laba kamaradood oo fiidiyoow ah, iyagoo sheekadooda ku wadaagaya filimka ''[[Mystery of the Nile]]'' iyo buug isla magacaas ah.&lt;ref&gt;Richard Bangs and Pasquale Scaturro, ''Mystery of the Nile''. New York: New American Library, 2005&lt;/ref&gt;

29 Janaayo 2005, Kanadiyaan Les Jickling iyo saaxiibkiis New Zealander Mark Tanner ayaa dhammaystiray markii ugu horreysay ee si buuxda aadanaha u socdaalayo ee Abay oo dhan iyo Niilka ee Suudaan iyo Masar. Safarkooda oo ka badan {{Convert|5000|km|mi|abbr=on}} ayaa qaatay shan bilood waxayna u safrayeen Itoobiya, Suudaan, iyo Masar. Waxay dib u xusuustaan inay ku dhex mareen aagagga khilaafaadka dagaalka sokeeye, gobollada looga yaqaanay burcadka, waxayna la kulmeen khataro iyo qulqullo badan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://web.uvic.ca/torch/torch2005s/dept_alumni_4.htm|title=Department - Alumni Association|website=web.uvic.ca|access-date=1 Agoosto 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202121003/http://web.uvic.ca/torch/torch2005s/dept_alumni_4.htm|archive-date=2 Febraayo 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sidoo kale eeg ==
* [[Liiska webiyada Itoobiya]]
* [[Liiska webiyada Suudaan]]

== Xusuusin ==
{{notefoot}}

== Tixraacyo ==
{{reflist}}

== Xiriirinta dibadda ==
{{Commons}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070506010335/http://www.aber.ac.uk/quaternary/tana/ The Tana Project]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080512003609/http://www.niletrip.com/ Paddling the Blue Nile]

{{coord|12|00|N|037|15|E|type:river|display=title}}
{{Authority control}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Gobolka Geita</title>
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      <text bytes="16921" sha1="mdj5nfaillvepgaouax6p02aswftaoi" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Gobolka Geita
| native_name        = {{small|{{native phrase|sw|Mkoa wa Geita}}}}
| nicknames           = Gobolka Dahabka, Gobolka Dahabiga ee Tanzania&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.esrf.or.tz/docs/GeitaRegionInvestementGuide.pdf|title= Geita Overview| publisher= Xafiiska Madaxweynaha ee Maamulka Gobolka iyo Dawladda Hoose|page= 24 |year=2019| access-date=7 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| settlement_type    = [[Gobolada Tanzania|Gobol]]
| named_for          = Geita
&lt;!-- images and maps  -----------&gt;| image_skyline      = M.V. Sengerema.JPG
| image_caption      = Markabka ka socda Mwanza ilaa Geita
| image_map          = Tanzania Geita Region location map.svg
| map_caption        = Goobta uu ku yaallo Tanzania
| coordinates        = {{coord|2|49|27.12|S|32|15|55.44|E|type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Waddan
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Tanzania}}
| subdivision_type1  = Aagga
| subdivision_name1  = Haro
| established_title  = Gobolka Maamulka
| established_date   = 2012
| seat_type          = Caasimad
| seat             = [[Geita Municipal]]
| leader_title       = Guddoomiyaha Gobolka
| leader_name        = Martin Reuben Shigela
| leader_title1      = Kaaliyaha Maamulka
| leader_name1       = Godius Walter Kayharara
| parts_type         = [[Degmooyinka Tanzania|Degmooyin]]
| p1                 = [[Geita|Geita Urban]]
| p2                 = [[Bukombe District|Degmada Bukombe]]
| p3                 = [[Chato District|Degmada Chato]]
| p4                 = [[Geita District|Degmada Geita]]
| p5                 = [[Mbogwe District|Degmada Mbogwe]]
| p6                 = [[Nyang'hwale District|Degmada Nyang'hwale]]
&lt;!-- square kilometers --&gt;| area_total_km2     = 20054
| area_rank          = [[Gobolada Tanzania|21 ka mid ah 31]]
| elevation_max_m    = 1519
| elevation_max_point = Mula
&lt;!-- Population   -----------------------&gt;| population_total   = 2,977,608
| population_as_of   = 2022 tirakoob
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank    = [[Gobolada Tanzania|7 ka mid ah 31]]
| population_footnotes = {{r|2016_census|p=11}}
| demographics_type1 = [[Liiska qabaa'ilka Tanzania|Qabaa'ilka]]
| demographics1_title1 = Dadka soo degay
| demographics1_info1 = [[Dadka Sawaaxiliga|Sawaaxili]] &amp; [[Dadka Sukuma|Sukuma]]
| demographics1_title2 = Dadka u dhashay
| demographics1_info2 = [[Dadka Zinza|Zinza]], [[Dadka Sumbwa|Sumbwa]] &amp; [[Dadka Haya|Haya]]
| population_demonym = Geitan
| timezone1          = [[Waqtiga Bariga Afrika|EAT]]
| utc_offset1        = +3
| postal_code_type   = Koodhka boostada
| postal_code        = 30xxx
| area_code          = 028
| iso_code           = TZ-27
| blank_name_sec1    = [[Tusmada Horumarinta Aadanaha|HDI]] (2021)
| blank_info_sec1    = 0.523&lt;ref name=&quot;GlobalDataLab&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2020-02-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{color|#900|hoose}} · [[Liiska gobolada Tanzania ee Tusmada Horumarinta Aadanaha|17 ka mid ah 25]]
| website            = {{URL|https://geita.go.tz |Bogga rasmiga ah}}
| module             = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
|country                 = Tanzania
|mammal                  = [[File:Topi (Damaliscus lunatus jimela) male.jpg|50px|left]] [[Topi]]
|bird                    = [[File:African fish eagle (Haliaeetus vocifer) Zimbabwe.jpg|50px|left]] [[Gorgorka kalluumaysatada ee Afrika]]
|fish                    = Christmas Fulu ([[Haplochromis phytophagus|Xystichromis phytophagus]])
|butterfly               = [[File:Turquoise-spotted swallowtail (Graphium policenes) male Bobiri.jpg|50px|left]][[Graphium policenes]]
|tree                    = [[File:Moringa stenopetala tree trunk, Koko Crater Botanical Garden.jpg|50px|left]] [[Moringa stenopetala]]
|mineral                 = [[File:Gold-48252.jpg|50px|left]][[Dahab]]
}}
}}

'''Gobolka Geita''' (''Mkoa wa Geita'' ee [[Af-Sawaaxili|Sawaaxili]]) waa mid ka mid ah 31 [[Gobolada Tanzania|gobol maamuleed]] ee [[Tanzania]]. Gobolku wuxuu daboolayaa bed dhan {{cvt|20,054|km2}}.{{Cite web|url=https://geita.go.tz |title=Cabirka Gobolka Geita}} Gobolku wuxuu la mid yahay baaxadda dhulka la isku daray ee wadanka [[Slovenia]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Convert|20,151|km2|abbr=on}} ee Slovenia at {{cite web| url=https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/countries_by_area.htm|title= Isbarbardhigga cabirka bedka| publisher=Nations Online| year=2022| access-date=3 September 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gobolka Geita waxaa xuduud la leh dhanka bari [[Harada Victoria]], [[Gobolka Mwanza]] iyo [[Gobolka Shinyanga]]. Gobolka waxaa xuduud la leh [[Gobolka Tabora]] iyo [[Gobolka Kigoma]] dhanka koonfur iyo koonfur galbeed. Ugu dambeyntii, Gieta waxay xuduud la leedahay [[Gobolka Kagera]] dhanka galbeed.

Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobka qaran ee 2022, gobolku wuxuu lahaa 2,977,608 oo qof, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa 5-ta gobol ee ugu sarreeya heerka koritaanka dadweynaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbs.go.tz/index.php/sw/sensa-2022/807-matokaeo-ya-mwanzo-ya-sensa-ya-watu-na-makazi-ya-mwaka-2022|title=Matokeo ya Mwanzo ya Sensa ya Watu na Makazi}}&lt;/ref&gt; Magaalada gobolka (caasimadda) waa magaalada [[Geita]]. Gobolka waxaa loogu magac daray magaalada Geita lafteeda. Gobolku waa hoyga warshadaha ugu waaweyn [[dahabka]] ee Tanzania wuxuuna sidoo kale ahaa hoyga madaxweynihii shanaad ee Tanzania, marxuum [[John Magufuli]].{{r|Magu_hist}}

== Juqraafi ==

Gobolka Geita wuxuu daboolayaa bed dhan {{cvt|20,054|km2}}. Gobolku wuxuu u dhexeeyaa loolka 2°8' iyo 3°28' Koonfurta [[dhulbadhaha]] iyo dhigaha 31° 15' iyo 32° 48' Bari ee Greenwich, Gobolka Geita wuxuu ku yaallaa waqooyi-galbeed ee Tanzania. Waxa uu xuduud la leeyahay shan [[Gobolada Tanzania|gobol]] oo kale: Gobolka Kagera dhanka galbeed iyo waqooyi-galbeed; Gobolada Tabora iyo Shinyanga dhanka koonfur; Gobolka Shinyanga dhanka koonfur-bari; Gobolka Kigoma dhanka koonfur iyo koonfur-galbeed; iyo Gobolka Mwanza dhanka waqooyi iyo waqooyi-bari. Gobolku waa 1,100 ilaa 1,300 mitir ka sarreeya heerka badda. Dhanka waqooyi, biyaha Harada Victoria ayaa sidoo kale ku wareegsan aagga.{{r|Geita_stats}}{{r|Geita_geo}}{{r|Geita_invGuide}}

=== Cimilada ===
Gobolka Geita wuxuu helaa inta u dhaxaysa {{cvt|900|mm|abbr=on}} iyo {{cvt|1200|mm|abbr=on}} oo roob ah sannadkii. Inta u dhaxaysa xilliga roobka iyo xilliga abaarta heerkulku wuxuu u dhexeeyaa {{cvt|22|C|abbr=on}} iyo {{cvt|30|C|abbr=on}}. Xilliga roobka ugu weyn waa Febraayo ilaa Maajo, iyadoo xilliga roobka yar uu u dhexeeyo Sebtembar iyo Disembar. Xilliga abaarta waa laga bilaabo Juun ilaa Sebtembar.{{r|Geita_history}}

== Taariikh ==
Aaggan waxaa la abuuray bishii Maarso 2012 qaybo ka mid ah Gobolada Shinyanga, Kagera, iyo Mwanza. Waxaa la abuuray lix gole guud ahaan, mid ka mid ah waa golaha magaalada, iyo shan degmo oo ka yimid qaybo ka mid ah [[Gobolka Shinyanga|Shinyanga]], [[Gobolka Mwanza|Mwanza]], iyo [[Gobolka Kagera|Kagera]].{{r|Geita_overview}}{{r|DN_newRC_DC}}{{r|Geita_history}}

== Tirakoobka dadka ==
Aagga uu hadda yahay Gobolka Geita waxaa deganaa [[Dadka Bantu|Bantu]] kumanaan sano. Inta badan dadku waa [[Dadka Sukuma|Basukuma]] iyo [[Dadka Sumbwa|Sumbwa]]. Waxa kale oo jira dad badan oo [[Dadka Haya|Haya]], [[Dadka Zinza|Zinza]], iyo [[Dadka Nyamwezi|Nyamwezi]] oo ku nool gobolka. Aaggu waa hoyga awoowayaasha dadka Zinza ee ku nool xeebta Harada Victoria.{{r|Zaramo}}{{r|Geita_invGuide}}

Sannadkii 2016 [[Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka (Tanzania)|Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka ee Tanzania]] wuxuu soo sheegay inay gobolka ku nool yihiin 1,932,230 qof, oo ka yimid 1,739,530 sannadkii 2012.{{r|2016_census|p=11}}{{r|2012_census|p=219}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Tirakoob
!Dadka
|-
|2002
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |1,337,718
|-
|2012
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |1,739,530
|-
|2022
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |2,977,608
|}

== Dhaqaalaha ==
Dhaqaalaha Geita waxaa ku badan warshadaha soo saarista gaar ahaan [[dahabka]] macdanta. [[Geita Gold Mine]] waa hawlgalka macdan qodista ugu weyn ee ku yaalla Gobolka Geita, 4&amp;nbsp;km galbeed ka xigta magaalada [[Geita]]. Macdanta waxaa hadda iska leh oo maamula [[AngloGold Ashanti]]. Warshadaha kale ee waaweyn ee gobolka waa beeraha iyo kalluumeysiga.{{r|Anglo_gold}}{{r|Geita_invGuide}}

Laba waddo oo waaweyn ayaa dhex mara gobolka oo ka yimaada bari ilaa galbeed: wadada T3 (laga bilaabo [[Kahama, Tanzania|Kahama]] ilaa xuduudda [[Rwanda]]), waxay martaa koonfurta gobolka, halka wadada T4 (laga bilaabo [[Mwanza]] ilaa [[Bukoba]]) ay martaa waqooyiga gobolka.{{r|Geita_roads}}

[[Beerta Qaranka ee Rubondo Island]] waxay ku taallaa jasiirad ku taal [[Harada Victoria]] taas oo qayb ka ah Gobolka Geita. Waxaa lagu gaari karaa markab ka yimaada Degmooyinka Geita iyo Chato.{{r|TZ_natParks}}

Hadda [[Kigongo–Busisi Bridge]] ayaa la dhisayaa si loogu xiro [[Gobolka Mwanza]] Gobolka Geita iyadoo la marayo Gacanka Mwanza ee [[Harada Victoria]].{{r|KB_bridge1}}{{r|KB_bridge2}}

== Qaybaha maamulka ==
Gobolku wuxuu leeyahay 6 degmo oo gole ah, 122 [[Wards of Tanzania|wards]], 474 tuulo, iyo 2,219 xaafadood.{{r|Geita_history}}

=== Degmooyin ===
Gobolka Geita wuxuu u qaybsamaa lix gole. Hal gole oo magaalo ah oo Geita ah, iyo 5 gole oo degmooyin ah:{{r|Geita_postcode}}{{r|DN_newRC_DC}}{{r|2016_census|p=11}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;7&quot; | Degmooyinka Gobolka Geita
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Khariidadda leh wadooyinka waaweyn ee cagaaran
! style=&quot;width: 10em&quot; | Degmada
! style=&quot;width: 8em&quot; | Dadka&lt;br /&gt;(2016){{r|2016_census|p=11}}
|-
| rowspan=7 | [[File:Tanzania Geita Region location map.svg|350px]]
| [[Geita|Geita Town]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 192,541
|-
| [[Bukombe District|Degmada Bukombe]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 249,416
|-
| [[Chato District|Degmada Chato]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 405,575
|-
| [[Geita District|Degmada Geita]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 704,542
|-
| [[Mbogwe District|Degmada Mbogwe]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 215,404
|-
| [[Nyang'hwale District|Degmada Nyang'hwale]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 164,750
|-
| '''Wadarta'''
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | '''1,932,230'''
|}

== Gallery ==

{{Gallery
| title        = Gobolka Geita 
| align        = center
| File:Geita open pit gold mine.jpg
 | Geita Gold Mine
| File:TANAPA Land Rover Defender.jpg
 | [[Beerta Qaranka ee Rubondo Island|Rubondo Island]] ee Geita
| File:Geita Airstrip.jpg
 | Garoonka diyaaradaha ee Geita sannadkii 2005.
| File:Hippos on Rubondo Island.jpg
 | [[Beerta Qaranka ee Rubondo Island|Rubondo Island]] iyo [[Harada Victoria]], oo leh [[Hippopotamus|jeer]] gadaasha.
}}

== Dadka caanka ah ee ka yimid Gobolka Geita ==
* [[John Magufuli]] - Madaxweynihii shanaad ee Tanzania

== Tixraacyo ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em|refs=
&lt;ref name=&quot;Geita_history&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=History |url=https://geita.go.tz/history |website=Mkoa wa Geita |access-date=17 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617003118/https://geita.go.tz/history |archive-date=17 June 2022 |location=Geita Region |language=sw |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=Geita_stats&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://geita.go.tz/statistics|title=Cabirka Gobolka Geita}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=Magu_hist&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/national/magufuli-the-african-giant-a-peasant-s-son-who-became-president-3327116 |title= Taariikhda kooban ee Magufuli| publisher= Citizen Tanzania| year=2020| access-date=7 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;2016_census&quot;&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/takwimu/majimbo/MAJIMBOApril_Kisw.pdf |title=2016 Makadirio ya Idadi ya Watu katika Majimbo ya Uchaguzi kwa Mwaka 2016, Tanzania Bara. |trans-title=Qiyaasta Dadweynaha ee Aagga Maamulka ee Sannadka 2016, Dhulweynaha Tanzania |date=2016-04-01 |publisher=[[Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka (Tanzania)|Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka]] |location=[[Dar es Salaam, Tanzania]] |page= |language=sw |access-date=2022-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227102333/https://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/takwimu/majimbo/MAJIMBOApril_Kisw.pdf |archive-date=2021-12-27 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;2012_census&quot;&gt;{{Cite report |url=http://tanzania.countrystat.org/fileadmin/user_upload/countrystat_fenix/congo/docs/Census%20General%20Report-2012PHC.pdf |title=2012 Population and Housing Census - Population Distribution by Administrative Areas. |date=2013-03-01 |publisher=[[Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka (Tanzania)|Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka]] |location=[[Dar es Salaam, Tanzania]] |page= |language=en |access-date=2022-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326183741/http://tanzania.countrystat.org/fileadmin/user_upload/countrystat_fenix/congo/docs/Census%20General%20Report-2012PHC.pdf |archive-date=2022-03-26 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=Geita_geo&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.esrf.or.tz/docs/GeitaRegionInvestementGuide.pdf|title= Juqraafida Geita| publisher= Xafiiska Madaxweynaha ee Maamulka Gobolka iyo Dawladda Hoose| year=2019| access-date=7 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;DN_newRC_DC&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Staff |title=Tanzania: State Gazettes New Regions, Districts |date=9 March 2012 |newspaper=Daily News |location=Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |url=http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.php/local-news/2739-state-gazettes-new-regions-districts |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120823174437/http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.php/local-news/2739-state-gazettes-new-regions-districts |archive-date=August 23, 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=Geita_overview&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.esrf.or.tz/docs/GeitaRegionInvestementGuide.pdf|title= Dulmarka Geita| publisher= Xafiiska Madaxweynaha ee Maamulka Gobolka iyo Dawladda Hoose| year=2019| access-date=7 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=Zaramo&gt;{{cite web| url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803133512280|title= The Zaramao| publisher= Oxford| year=2022| access-date=7 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=Anglo_gold&gt;{{cite web|title=AngloGold Ashanti in Tanzania|url=http://www.anglogoldashanti.com/en/About-Us/Regionsandoperations/Tanzania/Pages/default.aspx|website=AngloGold Ashanti|access-date=21 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911152632/http://www.anglogoldashanti.com/en/About-Us/Regionsandoperations/Tanzania/Pages/default.aspx|archive-date=11 September 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=Geita_roads&gt;{{cite web|title=Shabakadda Wadooyinka Geita|url=http://tanroads.go.tz/uploads/documents/en/1446555364-Geita.pdf|website=Tanroads|access-date=21 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202052229/http://tanroads.go.tz/uploads/documents/en/1446555364-Geita.pdf|archive-date=2 February 2017|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;TZ_natParks&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Beerta Qaranka ee Rubondo Island|url=http://www.tanzaniaparks.com/rubondo.html|website=Tanzania National Parks|access-date=21 September 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120929175430/http://tanzaniaparks.com/rubondo.html|archive-date=29 September 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;KB_bridge1&quot;&gt;{{cite web| url=https://www.tanzaniainvest.com/transport/kigongo-busisi-bridge-mwanza |title=Dhismaha Kigongo-Busisi Bridge ee Harada Victoria ayaa bilaabmay |work=Tanzania Invest |date=9 December 2019 |
author=Tanzania Invest |access-date=6 July 2021 |place=Dar es Salaam}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;KB_bridge2&quot;&gt;{{cite web| date=16 December 2019 | url=https://www.bridgeweb.com/Work-begins-on-3.2km-bridge-over-Lake-Victoria/6140 |title=Shaqadu waxay ka bilaabataa buundada 3.2km ee harada Victoria |work=Bridge Design &amp; Engineering |author=Bridgeweb |
access-date=6 July 2021 |location=United Kingdom}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Geita_postcode&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Koodhka Boostada ee Geita |url=https://www.tcra.go.tz/uploads/text-editor/files/Geita%2030000_1622732702.pdf |publisher=[[Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority]] |access-date=17 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220729090141/https://www.tcra.go.tz/uploads/text-editor/files/Geita%2030000_1622732702.pdf |archive-date=29 July 2022 |location=[[Dodoma, Tanzania]] |language=en |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Geita_invGuide&quot;&gt;{{cite report |last1=Magalula |first1=Magalula S. |title=Geita Investment Profile 2013 |type=District Plan |url=https://geita.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/590/b2f/0f9/590b2f0f90da7867881819.pdf |website=Geita Region |publisher=Geita Regional Council |access-date=17 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617004245/https://geita.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/590/b2f/0f9/590b2f0f90da7867881819.pdf |archive-date=17 June 2022 |location=Geita Region |language=en |date=2013 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

== Xiriirinta dibadda ==
{{Sister project links | wikt=no | b=no | n=no | q=no | s=no | v=no | voy=no | species=no | d=no | mw=no | display=Gobolka Geita}}
* {{URL|http://geita.go.tz/|Bogga rasmiga ah}}

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    <title>Gobolka Iringa</title>
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      <text bytes="14591" sha1="7pnp2y7kemcbcniw5kt590a9ebz4xif" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Gobolka Iringa
| native_name        = {{small|{{native phrase|sw|Mkoa wa Iringa}}}}
| nickname           = Koobka Shaaha ee Tanzania
| settlement_type    = [[Gobolada Tanzania|Gobol]]
| named_for          = Magaalada Iringa
&lt;!-- images and maps  -----------&gt;| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage
|photo1a                 = Landscape at Mufindi, Tanzania.jpg
|photo2a                 = University of Iringa Library.jpg
|photo3a                 = Ruaha River Lodge (2) (28954734581).jpg
|spacing                 = 2
|space                   = 2
|size                    = 225
|position                = center
|color_border            = white
|color                   = white
| foot_montage           = '''Laga bilaabo kor ilaa hoos:'''&lt;br /&gt; muuqaallada beeraha shaaha ee [[Degmada Mufindi]], Maktabadda [[Jaamacadda Iringa]] &amp; [[Beerta Qaranka ee Ruaha]] oo ku taal woqooyiga Iringa}}
| image_map          = Iringa in Tanzania.svg
| map_caption        = Goobta ay ku taal Tanzania
| coordinates        = {{coord|7|46|5.16|S|35|41|9.96|E|type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Waddan
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Tanzania}}
| subdivision_type1  = Aagga
| subdivision_name1  = Buuraleyda Koonfureed
| established_title  = Gobolka Maamulka
| established_date   = 2012
| seat_type          = Caasimad
| seat               = [[Iringa]]
| parts_type         = [[Degmooyinka Tanzania|Degmooyin]]
| p1                 = [[Degmada Magaalada Iringa]]
| leader_title       = Guddoomiyaha Gobolka
| leader_name        = [[Halima Dendego]]
| p2                 = [[Degmada Miyiga Iringa]]
| p3                 = [[Degmada Kilolo]]
| p4                 = [[Mafinga|Degmada Mafinga]]
| p5                 = [[Degmada Mufindi]]
&lt;!-- square kilometers --&gt;| area_total_km2     = 35,503
| area_rank          = [[Gobolada Tanzania|24 ka mid ah 31]]
| elevation_max_m    = 2,489
| elevation_max_point = Luhombero
&lt;!-- Population   -----------------------&gt;| population_total   = 1,192,728
| population_as_of   = 2022
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank    = [[Gobolada Tanzania|12 ka mid ah 31]]
| demographics_type1 = [[Liiska qabaa'ilka Tanzania|Qabaa'ilka]]
| demographics1_title1 = Dadka soo degay
| demographics1_info1 = [[Dadka Sawaaxiliga|Sawaaxili]]
| demographics1_title2 = Dadka u dhashay
| demographics1_info2 = [[Dadka Hehe|Hehe]]
| population_demonym = Iringan
| timezone1          = [[Waqtiga Bariga Afrika|EAT]]
| utc_offset1        = +3
| postal_code_type   = Koodhka boostada
| postal_code        = 51xxx
| area_code          = 026
| iso_code           = TZ-04 &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:TZ|title= ISO 3166|publisher=ISO|access-date=2022-07-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| blank_name_sec1    = [[Tusmada Horumarinta Aadanaha|HDI]] (2021)
| blank_info_sec1    = 0.577&lt;ref name=&quot;GlobalDataLab&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2020-02-26|archive-date=2018-09-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923120638/https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{color|#fc0|dhex-dhexaad}} · [[Liiska gobolada Tanzania ee Tusmada Horumarinta Aadanaha|7 ka mid ah 25]]
| website            = {{URL|http://iringa.go.tz/|Bogga rasmiga ah}}
| module             = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
|country                 = Tanzania
|mammal                  = [[File:Tragelaphus strepsiceros ♂ (head).jpg|50px|left]] [[Greater Kudu]]
|bird                    = [[Udzungwa forest partridge]]
|fish                    = [[File:Hydrocynus tanzaniae.jpg|50px|left]] [[Hydrocynus tanzaniae]]
|butterfly               = [[File:Common leopard butterfly.jpg|50px|left]] [[Phalanta phalantha|Common leopard butterfly]]
|tree                    = [[File:Markhamia lutea 0zz.jpg|50px|left]] [[Markhamia lutea|Nile tulip]]
|mineral                 = [[File:Nickel electrolytic and 1cm3 cube.jpg|50px|left]][[Nickel]]
}}
}}

'''Gobolka Iringa''' ({{langx|sw|Mkoa wa Iringa}}) waa mid ka mid ah 31 [[Gobolada Tanzania|gobol maamuleed]] ee [[Tanzania]]. Gobolku wuxuu daboolayaa bed dhan {{cvt|35,503|km2}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://iringa.go.tz/|title=Cabirka Gobolka Iringa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gobolku wuxuu la mid yahay baaxadda dhulka la isku daray ee wadanka [[Guinea Bissau]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Convert|36,125|km2|abbr=on}} ee Guinea Bissau at {{cite web| url=https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/countries_by_area.htm|title= Isbarbardhigga cabirka bedka| publisher=Nations Online| year=2022| access-date=10 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gobolka Iringa waxaa xuduud la leh dhanka bari [[Gobolka Morogoro]] iyo koonfurta [[Gobolka Njombe]]. Dhanka galbeed gobolka waxaa xuduud la leh [[Gobolka Mbeya]]. [[Gobolka Dodoma]] iyo [[Gobolka Singida]] waxay Iringa xuduud la leeyihiin dhanka woqooyi. Caasimadda gobolka waa magaalada [[Iringa]] oo magaalada loogu magac daray.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://iringa.go.tz/|title=Caasimadda Iringa| year=2022| access-date=10 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobka 2022, gobolku wuxuu leeyahay dadweyne dhan 1,192,728.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tanzania: Gobolada iyo Magaalooyinka - Tirakoobka Dadweynaha, Khariidadaha, Jaantusyada, Cimilada iyo Macluumaadka Webka |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/tanzania/cities/ |access-date=2024-02-09 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://tanzania.countrystat.org/fileadmin/user_upload/countrystat_fenix/congo/docs/Census%20General%20Report-2012PHC.pdf|title=2012 Warbixinta Guud ee Tirakoobka Dadweynaha iyo Guryaha|publisher=Dawladda [[Tanzania]]|access-date=2022-07-10|archive-date=2022-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326183741/http://tanzania.countrystat.org/fileadmin/user_upload/countrystat_fenix/congo/docs/Census%20General%20Report-2012PHC.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gobolka Iringa waa hoyga [[Beerta Qaranka ee Ruaha]], oo ah beerta labaad ee ugu weyn Tanzania.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ruahanationalpark.com/|title=Beerta Qaranka ee Ruaha| year=2022| access-date=10 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Juqraafi ==
[[Joogga]] Iringa wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 900 ilaa 2,300 mitir ka sarreeya heerka badda. Hoos u dhac weyn oo gaari kara 800 mitir oo dherer ah isla markaana ah qaybta bari ee [[Great Rift Valley]] ayaa ku wareegsan aagga dhinac walba. Sidaa darteed Iringa waxay ku taallaa buuraleyda koonfureed ee Tanzania, oo xuduud la leh meelaha Mbeya, Njombe, Morogoro, Dodoma, iyo Singida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fsdt.or.tz/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Finscope_Iringa.pdf|title=Caasimadda Iringa| year=2022| access-date=10 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gobolka waxaa waraabiya webiyada Little Ruaha iyo [[Webiga Great Ruaha|Great Ruaha]]. Harada ay abuurtay [[Mtera Dam]] waa qaybta kale ee muhiimka ah ee biyaha halkan.&lt;ref name=SEP&gt;{{cite web|title=Gobolka Iringa muuqaal dhaqaale-bulsho, 2013|url=http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/takwimu/SocialEconomicProfiles/IringaRegionalProfile%202013.zip|date=2013|access-date=October 17, 2016|publisher=Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka iyo Xoghaynta Gobolka Iringa|archive-date=October 19, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019211507/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/takwimu/SocialEconomicProfiles/IringaRegionalProfile%202013.zip|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gobolka waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex aag - buuraleyda, dhulka dhexe iyo dhulka hoose. Aagga buuraleyda ah ayaa ku wajahan bari ee gobolka. Aaggani wuxuu la kulmaa xilli roobaad inta u dhaxaysa Noofembar iyo Maajo iyadoo roobabka sanadlaha ah ay u dhexeeyaan {{convert|500|-|1500|mm|in|abbr=on}}. Muddada u dhaxaysa Juun iyo Sebtembar waa qabow iyo qalalan. Aagga dhexe, ee qaybta dhexe ee gobolka, wuxuu ku yaallaa dhererka {{convert|1200|-|1600|m|ft|abbr=on}} ka sarreeya heerka badda wuxuuna wajahaa inta u dhaxaysa {{convert|600|-|1000|mm|in|abbr=on}} oo roob ah sannad kasta. Ugu dambeyntii, aagga dhulka hoose, oo dhererkiisu yahay {{convert|900|-|1200|m|ft|abbr=on}} wuxuu helaa inta u dhaxaysa {{convert|500|-|600|mm|in|abbr=on}} oo roob ah sannadkii.&lt;ref name=SEP/&gt;

Qiyaastii 16% dhulka Gobolka Iringa waa kayn.&lt;ref name=SEP/&gt; Gobolku wuxuu martigeliyay [[Beerta Qaranka ee Ruaha]], oo caan ku ah raxan weyn oo maroodiyaal ah iyo in ka badan 400 oo nooc oo shimbiro ah. Xoolaha kale waxaa ka mid ah libaaxyo, [[sable antelope]]s iyo [[kudu]].&lt;ref name=SEP/&gt; Beerta labaad, [[Beerta Qaranka ee Udzungwa Mountains]] ee Degmada Miyiga Iringa, ayaa yar in la soo booqdo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Diirada saar Tanzania|chapter=Diirada: Gobolka Iringa|year=2005|pages=16&amp;ndash;21|chapter-url=http://www.tzonline.org/pdf/focusoniringaregion2005.pdf|access-date=2012-09-03|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232129/http://www.tzonline.org/pdf/focusoniringaregion2005.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tirakoobka dadka ==
[[File:The National Archives UK - CO 1069-164-18.jpg|thumb|Hehe Warrior]]

[[File:The National Archives UK - CO 1069-159-91.jpg|thumb|Adam Hapi, boqorkii hore ee Hehe ee 1960-yadii]]

Gobolka Iringa wuxuu leeyahay dadweyne dhan 1,192,728.&lt;ref name=Census&gt;{{cite web|page=103|title=2012 tirakoobka dadweynaha iyo guryaha: qaybinta dadweynaha iyadoo loo eegayo aagagga maamulka|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130612082906/http://www.nbs.go.tz/sensa/PDF/Census%20General%20Report%20-%2029%20March%202013_Combined_Final%20for%20Printing.pdf|archive-date=June 12, 2013|publisher=Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka|url=http://www.nbs.go.tz/sensa/PDF/Census%20General%20Report%20-%2029%20March%202013_Combined_Final%20for%20Printing.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

[[Dadka Hehe]] waa qabiilka ugu weyn ee ku nool gobolka. Dadka kale ee waaweyn waa kooxaha [[Dadka Bena|Bena]] iyo [[Dadka Kinga|Kinga]]. Pangwa, [[Dadka Chaga|Chaga]], [[Dadka Nyakyusa|Nyakyusa]] iyo [[Dadka Ngoni|Ngoni]] waxaa laga heli karaa meelaha magaalooyinka oo inta badan ku hawlan ganacsiga gobolka. dadka kale ee soo galootiga ah ee Iringa waxaa ka mid ah [[Dadka Maasai|Maasai]] iyo [[dadka sukuma|sukuma]] iyo kooxaha intooda badan waxay ku hawlan yihiin xoolo-dhaqashada.&lt;ref name=SEP/&gt; Gobolku wuxuu leeyahay mid ka mid ah dadka ugu koritaanka hooseeya ee Tanzania&lt;ref name=SEP/&gt; taas oo inta badan loo aaneynayo qax joogto ah oo ka yimid gobolkan oo loo tagay meelo badan oo magaalooyin ah sida Dar es Salaam.&lt;ref name=SEP/&gt;

== Qaybaha maamulka ==
=== Degmooyin ===
Gobolka Iringa wuxuu u qaybsamaa saddex [[Degmooyinka Tanzania|degmo]] (Iringa, Kilolo iyo Mufindi), mid kasta oo ay maamusho gole. Degmooyinka waxay leeyihiin maamullo deegaan oo ka hawlgala kormeerka. Kuwani waa saddex gole oo degmo ah, hal gole oo magaalo ah, iyo hal gole oo magaalo yar sida ku taxan shaxda:&lt;ref name=Census/&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;7&quot; | Degmooyinka Gobolka Iringa
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! style=&quot;width: 10em&quot; | Degmada
! style=&quot;width: 8em&quot; | Dadka&lt;br/&gt;(2012)
|-
| [[Degmada Iringa]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 254,032
|-
| [[Degmada Kilolo]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 218,130
|-
| [[Degmada Mufindi]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 265,829
|-
| [[Iringa|Magaalada Iringa]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 151,345
|-
| [[Mafinga|Magaalada Mafinga]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 51,902
|-
| '''Wadarta'''
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | '''941,238'''
|}

== Siyaasadda ==
Gobolka Iringa wuxuu u doortaa toddobo wakiil [[Golaha Qaranka ee Tanzania]]. Doorashadii guud ee [[Tanzania 2015]], lix murashax oo ka socda xisbiga talada haya ee [[Chama Cha Mapinduzi]] iyo mid ka socda [[CHADEMA]] ayaa ku guuleystay kuraastooda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Wabunge wa Kuchaguliwa 2015-2020|page=3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208070605/http://www.nec.go.tz/uploads/trends/1447074576-WABUNGE%20WALIOCHAGULIWA%202015.pdf| url=http://www.nec.go.tz/uploads/trends/1447074576-WABUNGE%20WALIOCHAGULIWA%202015.pdf |archive-date=December 8, 2015|access-date=October 17, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[William Lukuvi]], xildhibaanka Ismani waa [[Golaha Wasiirada ee Tanzania|Wasiirka]] Dhulka, Guriyeynta iyo Horumarinta Degsiimooyinka Aadanaha. [[Gobolka Njombe]] ayaa laga gooyay Iringa bishii Maarso 2012.&lt;ref name=&quot;DN-1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.php/local-news/2739-state-gazettes-new-regions-districts |title=Tanzania: State Gazettes New Regions, Districts |date=9 March 2012 |newspaper=Daily News |location=Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |author=Staff |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120823174437/http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.php/local-news/2739-state-gazettes-new-regions-districts |archive-date=August 23, 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dhaqaalaha ==
Gobolka Iringa wuxuu leeyahay GDP-ga shanaad ee ugu weyn 30-ka gobol ee Tanzania. Marka qofkiiba loo eego, tirada Iringa ee 2012 oo ahayd qiyaastii TSh 1,400,000 waxay ka dhigeysaa midda labaad oo kaliya [[Gobolka Dar es Salaam]] oo ay ku jirto caasimadda Tanzania.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Warbixinta Horumarinta Aadanaha ee Tanzania 2014|year=2015|page=9|publisher=[[UNDP]]|access-date=October 17, 2016|isbn=978-9987-770-00-7|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/thdr2014-main.pdf|archive-date=July 5, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705100113/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/thdr2014-main.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Beeraha ayaa ah udub dhexaadka dhaqaalaha Iringa oo ka kooban 85% GDP-geeda.&lt;ref name=SEP/&gt; Inta u dhaxaysa 2008 iyo 2011, celcelis ahaan {{convert|345,000|ha|mi2}} oo dhul ah ayaa la beeray dalagyada cuntada sanad walba. Hadhuudhku waa badarka ugu badan iyadoo qiyaastii {{convert|245,000|ha|mi2}} oo dhul ah loo qoondeeyay. Digirtu waa dalagga labaad ee ugu muhiimsan cuntada ee lagu beero {{convert|56,000|ha|mi2}}. Dalagyada lacagta caddaanka ah waxay qaataan ilaa 56,000.00 hektar iyadoo gabbaldayaha uu yahay wax soo saarka ugu weyn.&lt;ref name=SEP/&gt;

Warshadaha Gobolka Iringa badankoodu waa kuwo yaryar oo inta badan ku yaalla degmada [[Iringa]]. Warshadaha cuntada waxay ka kooban yihiin yaanyo iyo basbaas baaraandegid, caano baaraandegid, hadhuudh shiidid. Waxa kale oo jira nijaarnimo iyo saliid baaraandegid kuwaas oo ka kooban qayb weyn oo ka mid ah cutubyada warshadaha ee laga helay gudaha Gobolka Iringa.&lt;ref name=SEP/&gt;

== Dadka caanka ah ==
* [[Geline Fuko]], Qareen iyo Difaacaha Xuquuqda Aadanaha
* [[Ray C]], muusikiiste

== Tixraacyo ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Xiriirinta dibadda ==
{{Sister project links | wikt=no | b=no | n=no | q=no | s=no | v=no | voy=no | species=no | d=no | mw=no | display=Gobolka Iringa}}
* {{URL|http://iringa.go.tz/|Bogga rasmiga ah}}</text>
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    <title>Gobolka Kagera</title>
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      <text bytes="21087" sha1="dk52hflb6efudw0tl0vkcwlvwabt8wx" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Gobolka Kagera
| native_name        = {{small|{{native phrase|sw|Mkoa wa Kagera}}}}
| nicknames           = Dhulka Boqortooyooyinka; Kagera Boqortooyada
| settlement_type    = [[Gobolada Tanzania|Gobol]]
| named_for          = [[Webiga Kagera]]
&lt;!-- images and maps  -----------&gt;| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage
|photo1a                 = Untitled - panoramio - Mufumbiro Tours &amp; Sa….jpg
|photo2a                 = Mater Misericordiae Church - Bukoba.JPG
|photo3a                 = Bugene Bananen.jpg
|spacing                 = 2
|space                   = 2
|size                    = 225
|position                = center
|color_border            = white
|color                   = white
|foot_montage            = '''Laga bilaabo kor ilaa hoos:'''&lt;br /&gt; [[Harada Fiktooriya]] oo ku taal xeebaha Kagera, kaniisadda [[Sisters of Mercy|Mater Misericodiae]] ee Bukoba iyo muuqaal laga keenay [[Degmada Karagwe]]}}
| image_map          = Tanzania Kagera location map.svg
| map_caption        = Goobta ay ku taal Tanzania
| coordinates        = {{coord|1|55|S|31|18|E|display=inline, title}}
| subdivision_type   = Waddan
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Tanzania}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Gobolada Tanzania]]
| established_title  = La aasaasay
| established_date   = 1961
| seat_type          = Caasimad
| seat               = [[Bukoba]]
| parts_type         = [[Degmooyinka Tanzania|Degmooyin]]
| p1                 = [[Degmada Biharamulo]]
| p2                 = [[Degmada Miyiga ee Bukoba]]
| p3                 = [[Degmada Magaalada Bukoba]]
| p4                 = [[Degmada Karagwe]]
| p5                 = [[Degmada Kyerwa]]
| p6                 = [[Degmada Missenyi]]
| p7                 = [[Degmada Muleba]]
| p8                 = [[Degmada Ngara]]
| leader_title       = Guddoomiyaha Gobolka
| leader_name        = Fatuma Mwasa
| unit_pref          = Mitri
| area_water_percent = 27
| area_rank          = [[Gobolada Tanzania|16 ka mid ah 31]]
| area_total_km2     = 35,686
| area_land_km2      = 25513
| area_water_km2     = 10173
| elevation_m        = 1400
| elevation_min_m    = 1135
| elevation_min_point = [[Harada Fiktooriya]]
| elevation_max_m    = 1917
| elevation_max_point = Katerere
| population_total   = 2,789,577
| population_as_of   = 2016
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank    = [[Gobolada Tanzania|3 ka mid ah 31]]
| demographics_type1 = [[Liiska qabaa'ilka Tanzania|Qabaa'ilka]]
| demographics1_title1 = Dadka soo degay
| demographics1_info1 = [[Dadka Sawaaxiliga|Sawaaxili]]
| demographics1_title2 = Dadka u dhashay
| demographics1_info2 = [[Dadka Haya|Wahaya]], [[:sw:Wanyambo|Wanyambo]], [[Dadka Shubi|Washubi]], [[Dadka Hangaza|Wahangaza]], [[Dadka Ha|Waha]], [[Dadka Zinza|Wazinza]] &amp; Warongo.
| population_demonym = Kageran
| timezone1          = [[Waqtiga Bariga Afrika|EAT]]
| utc_offset1        = +3
| postal_code_type   = Koodhka boostada
| postal_code        = 35xxx
| area_code          = 028
| iso_code           = TZ-05
| blank_name_sec1    = [[Tusmada Horumarinta Aadanaha|HDI]] (2021)
| blank_info_sec1    = 0.521&lt;ref name=&quot;HDI_2019tzSubNat&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Subnational HDI (v5.0) |url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/TZA/?levels=1+4&amp;years=2019 |website=Global Data Lab |publisher=Institute for Management Research [[Radboud University Nijmegen]] |access-date=5 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705223807/https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/TZA/?levels=1+4&amp;years=2019 |archive-date=5 July 2022 |location=[[Nijmegen, Netherlands]] |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{color|#900|hoose}} · [[Liiska gobolada Tanzania ee Tusmada Horumarinta Aadanaha|18 ka mid ah 25]]
| website            = {{URL|http://kagera.go.tz/|Bogga rasmiga ah}}
| module             = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
|country                 = Tanzania
|mammal                  = [[File:The book of antelopes (1894) Ourebia nigricaudata.png|50px|left]] [[Oribi]]
|bird                    = [[Nyanza swift]]
|fish                    = [[File:Pundamilia nyererei.jpg|50px|left]] [[Haplochromis nyererei]]
|butterfly               = [[File:Phalanta alcippe - Small Leopard - Butterfly 08.JPG|50px|left]] [[Phalanta phalantha]]
|tree                    = [[File:Markhamia lutea at Palappuzha (3).jpg|50px|left]] [[Markhamia lutea]]
|mineral                 = [[File:Nickel chunk.jpg|50px|left]] [[Nickel]]
}}
}}

'''Gobolka Kagera''' (''Mkoa wa Kagera'' oo ku qoran [[Af-Sawaaxili]]) waa mid ka mid ah 31 [[Gobolada Tanzania|gobol maamuleed]] ee [[Tanzania]], bedkiisuna yahay {{cvt|35,686|km2}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://geita.go.tz |title=Bedka Gobolka Kagera}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gobolka Kagera waxaa dhanka bari ka xiga [[Harada Fiktooriya]], [[Gobolka Mwanza]] iyo [[Gobolka Mara]], koonfurta [[Gobolka Geita]] iyo [[Gobolka Kigoma]], galbeedka [[Rwanda]] halka waqooyiga uu xuduud kala leeyahay [[Uganda]] iyo [[Burundi]] dhanka koonfur-galbeed.
Magaalada caasimadda u ah gobolka waa [[Bukoba]]. Sida lagu sheegay tirakoobka qaranka ee 2022, gobolku wuxuu lahaa dadweyne dhan 2,989,299, taas oo ah kor u kac ka yimid 2,458,023 sanadkii 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Muuqaalka wadanka Tanzania|url=https://www.nbs.go.tz/index.php/sw/sensa-2022/807-matokaeo-ya-mwanzo-ya-sensa-ya-watu-na-makazi-ya-mwaka-2022|url-status=live|access-date=31 January 2023|archive-date=2021-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831184708/http://www.clgf.org.uk/default/assets/File/Country_profiles/Tanzania.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Eraybixinta ==
Gobolku magaca wuxuu ka soo qaatay [[Webiga Kagera]].

== Juqraafi ==
Kagera waxay xuduud la leedahay Uganda dhanka waqooyi, Rwanda iyo Burundi dhanka galbeed, iyo gobolada Tanzania ee [[Gobolka Kigoma|Kigoma]] dhanka koonfureed iyo [[Geita]] dhanka bari. [[Webiga Kagera]] wuxuu sameeyaa xuduuda gobolka ee Rwanda. Waxay u dhaxaysaa 30°25' iyo 32°40' bari, iyo 1°00' iyo 2°45' koonfur. Bedka guud waa {{convert|35686|km2}}, kaas oo {{convert|25513|km2}} uu yahay dhul, iyo 27 boqolkiiba, {{convert|10173|km2}} uu yahay biyo. Inta badan biyaha waa [[Harada Fiktooriya|Fiktooriya]], harada Ikimba, [[Harada Burigi|Burigi]], Ngono iyo [[Webiga Kagera]]. Kagera waa gobolka 15-aad ee ugu weyn Tanzania wuxuuna ka kooban yahay qiyaastii 3.3 boqolkiiba bedka dhulka Tanzania ee {{convert|885800|km2}}. Caasimadda gobolka [[Bukoba]] waxay qiyaastii {{convert|1500|km}} u jirtaa [[Dar es Salaam]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Kagera_webHist&quot; /&gt;

=== Cimilada ===
Celceliska roobabka sanadlaha ah waa 500 ilaa 2000 mm, Gobolku wuxuu leeyahay qaab roobaad laba-jeer sanadkii ah laga bilaabo Maarso ilaa Maajo iyo laga bilaabo Oktoobar ilaa Noofembar. Roobabku waxay ku kala duwan yihiin 2000 mm sannadkii Bukoba ilaa 500 mm dhanka galbeed, iyadoo roobku uu ka sarreeyo xeebta Harada Fiktooriya oo uu yaraanayo markii laga fogaanayo harada iyo sidoo kale kor u kaca dhererka. Heerkulku wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 20 °C ilaa 28 °C. Aagga waxaa daboolay buuro ku socda barbar-yaal xeebta harada oo u socda waqooyi ilaa koonfur.&lt;ref name=&quot;Report2022&quot;/&gt;

=== Juolojiyada ===
Iyadoo ku taal [[Albertine Rift|Kivu Rift]], xagga galbeed ee labada laamood ee [[East African Rift]] oo ka gudba Tanzania, Kagera waxay la kulantaa dhaqdhaqaaqyo dhulgariir oo muhiim ah. 10 Sebtembar 2016, gobolka waxaa ku dhuftay [[dhulgariirkii Tanzania ee 2016|dhulgariir qiyaastii 5.9 ah]] kaas oo 17 qof ay ku dhinteen, ugu yaraan 250 kalena ay ku dhaawacmeen.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mulibo_16&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Mulibo |first1=Gabriel D. |title=Baaritaanka xoojinta macroseismic ee dhulgariirkii Kagera ee Mw5.9 Sebtembar 10, 2016: Saamaynta xoojinta saamaynta goobta |journal=[[Journal of African Earth Sciences]] |date=1 November 2019 |volume=159 |article-number=103568 |doi=10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2019.103568 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1464343X19302213 |access-date=2 July 2022 |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |location=[[Dar es Salaam, Tanzania]] |bibcode=2019JAfES.15903568M |s2cid=200054374 |issn=1464-343X|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bashaya_16&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Bashaya |first1=Phinias |title=Sh1.4 bilyan oo loo ururiyey badbaadayaasha dhulgariirka |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/News/Sh1-4-billion-raised-for-earthquake-survivors/1840340-3380484-xt9ao9/index.html |access-date=2 July 2022 |work=[[The Citizen (Tanzania)]] |publisher=[[Mwananchi Communications]] |date=14 September 2016 |location=[[Dar es Salaam, Tanzania]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kagera waxaa lagu yaqaanaa beeraha, muuqaalka cagaaran, iyo duurjoogta. Waxay leedahay ciid duug ah oo nafaqo leh laakiin maamulka ciidda oo liita ayaa horseeday [[daalashada ciidda]] taasoo u baahan isticmaalka [[bacriminta]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Li_21&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Chaodong |last2=Li |first2=Zhanbin |last3=Yang |first3=Mingyi |last4=Ma |first4=Bo |last5=Wang |first5=Baiqun |editor1-last=Tchounwou |editor1-first=Paul |title=Saamaynta Grid-Scale ee Isbeddelka Cimilada iyo Saamaynta Aadanaha ee Nabaad-guurka Ciidda ee Buuraleyda Bariga Afrika (Kagera Basin) |journal=[[International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health]] |date=9 March 2021 |volume=18 |issue=5 |page=2775 |doi=10.3390/ijerph18052775 |pmid=33803377 |pmc=7967286 |issn=1660-4601|doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tirakoobka dadka ==
=== Dadweynaha ===
Mid ka mid ah shanta gobol ee ugu dadka badan wadanka waa gobolka Kagera. Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobka dadweynaha iyo guryaha ee 2002, gobolku wuxuu lahaa dadweyne dhan 2,033,888, iyadoo heerka koritaanka celcelis ahaan uu ahaa 3.1%. 6.0% oo dhan reer Tanzania ee ku nool dhulka weyn ayaa laga helay gobolka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Report2022&quot;/&gt;

== Taariikh ==
Intii lagu jiray xilligii gumeysiga, gobolka waxaa loogu yeeri jiray West Lake, waxayna ka tirsanayd Gobolka Lake, oo ay ku jireen [[Gobolka Geita|Geita]], [[Gobolka Mwanza|Mwanza]], [[Shinyanga]], [[Gobolka Tabora|Tabora]], [[Gobolka Simiyu|Simiyu]], iyo [[Gobolka Mara|Mara]], gobolada. Ka dib xornimadii Gobolka Lake waa la kala jabiyay, iyadoo Kagera iyo qayb ka mid ah Geita ay noqdeen Gobolka West Lake. Ka dib [[Dagaalkii Uganda-Tanzania|Dagaalkii Kagera]] ee 1979, Gobolka West Lake waxaa loo bixiyay Gobolka Kagera.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kagera_webHist&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Historia ya Mkoa wa Kagera |trans-title=Taariikhda Gobolka Kagera |url=https://kagera.go.tz/historia |website=Mkoa wa Kagera |publisher=Ofisi ya Mkuu wa Mkoa Kagera |access-date=1 July 2022 |location=[[Bukoba, Tanzania]] |language=sw |date=2017 |archive-date=2 Bisha Todobaad 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702094327/https://kagera.go.tz/historia |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Muddo dhan shan qarni, Kagera waxay hoy u ahayd sagaal boqortooyo oo kala duwan oo leh bulshooyin aad u [[hierarchical]]. Ka hor [[gumeysigii Yurub]], [[Qaxwaha|qaxwaha]] wuxuu ahaa dalag dhaqameed aagga, loo isticmaalo sifooyinkiisa kicinta iyo caadooyinka dhaqanka ee maxalliga ah. Intii lagu jiray gumeysiga, qaxwaha wuxuu ahaa dalag lacageed. [[Muuska|Muusku]] wuxuu ahaa [[cunto aasaasi ah]] gobolka. Inkasta oo uu jiray qaybsanaan shaqo oo ku salaysan jinsiga bulshada Bahaya ee dhaqameed, dumarkii xilligaas looguma fikirin inay ka hooseeyaan ragga. Dhab ahaantii dumarku waxay amreen ixtiraam gaar ah dhammaan caadooyinka dhaqameed. Tusaale ahaan, dhimashada madaxa qoyska (Nyin'enju), caadooyinka dhaxalka ayaa la raacay, &quot;Dhaxalka Weyn&quot; (Omusika) wuxuu lahaa inuu yeesho qof dumar ah oo loo soo xulay walaalihiis si uu u wadaago awoodiisa. Sidoo kale, dhimashada boqor xukumayay, inta lagu jiro caleemo-saarka boqorka xiga, waa inay jirtay &quot;walaashii qaranka&quot; (''Kinyany'engoma'') oo sidoo kale laga soo xulay walaalihiis.

Boqorradu waxay ku noolaayeen daaraha waaweyn oo la ixtiraami jiray iyadoo loo arko inay yihiin xiriirka tooska ah ee ilaahyada boqortooyadooda. Awoodda sagaalka boqortooyo (Kihanja, Karagwe, Kiziba, Misenye, Bugabo, Kyamtwara, Ihangiro, Bukara iyo [[Biharamulo]]) ayaa hoos u dhacday markii [[Jarmalka|Jarmalku]] ay [[Bariga Afrika ee Jarmalka|gumeysteen Tanzania]] 1885 waxayna taageereen [[Dadka Haya|Haya]], qabiilka degmooyinka Bukoba iyo Muleba ka korreeya degmooyinka kale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, boqorrada maxalliga ah ayaa awoodda ku sii jiray. Burburka boqortooyooyinkaan wuxuu yimid ka dib markii Tanzania ay heshay xornimadeeda iyo [[Madaxweynaha Tanzania|madaxweyne]] [[Julius Nyerere|Nyerere]] uu u arkay inay waxyeello u yihiin midnimada qaranka.

Waxaa jiray madax loo yaqaan Omukama (eraygu wuxuu ka dhigan yahay boqor ama madax) kaas oo lagu dhalan karay awooddaas. Qaar ka mid ah madaxda caanka ah ee Kagera waxaa ka mid ah Kyamukuma, oo ahaa madaxii ugu dambeeyay ee Misenye (oo hadda ah [[Degmada Missenyi]]):&lt;ref&gt;Seth, Niyikiza [Isbeddelka cusub ee Haya, Dhaxalkii Babumbilo (2014)]&lt;/ref&gt; Madaxda kale waxaa ka mid ahaa Rumanyika oo ka tirsan Karagwe, Ruhinda, Kahigi iyo madax kale oo hoose. Kahigi waa mid ka mid ah madaxda ka tanaasulay dhulkooda iyagoo la kaashanaya gumeystayaasha Jarmalka.

Dalxiisyada dhaqanka ayaa diyaar u ah dalxiisayaasha soo booqda Kagera waxaana laga heli karaa caasimadda gobolka ee [[Bukoba]]. Dalxiisyadan waxaa ka mid ah booqashooyin lagu tago jardiinooyinka qaranka/kaydka dabiiciga ah ee gobolka iwm.

Intii lagu jiray xukunkii Jarmalka Dr. M. Zupitza, oo markaas ahaa sarkaal caafimaad oo maxalli ah, wuxuu la kulmay dillaaca daacuunka ee Kiziba (1897–1898). Isagoo kaashanaya Dr. [[Robert Koch]], wuxuu xaqiijiyay in sababtu ay ahayd bakteeriyada la mid ah dillaaca [[Bombay]].

Markii awoodda loo wareejiyay British-ka ka dib Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka, Kagera waxaa loo furay hawlgal [[Lutheran]] [[howlgalka]]. Masiixiyiin kale oo ay ku jiraan [[Roman Catholic]] ayaa yimid goor dambe. Dhaxalkoodu waa kaniisado badan oo gobolka ku yaal.

Isku daygii [[Duulaankii Kagera|ku-darka Kagera]] ee Uganda 1979 wuxuu kiciyay [[Dagaalkii Uganda-Tanzania]].

== Dhaqaalaha ==
[[Beeraha]] waa hawsha dhaqaale ee ugu weyn, dalagyada ugu muhiimsan waa [[Digir|digirta]]. Iyadoo [[Badarka]] ay yihiin dalagga ugu badan, (42.8% ee guud ahaan bedka lagu beeray dalagyada sanadlaha ah), waxaa ku xiga xididdo iyo tuber leh (17.8%), (2.9%), dalagyada lacagta caddaanka ah (2.1%), iyo khudaarta iyo miraha leh (1.0%). Dalagyada waaweyn ee lacagta caddaanka ah waxay ahaayeen suuf. Wax soo saarka badarka ee aagga waxaa ku badan hadhuudhka, iyadoo 302,529 qoys oo gobolka ah ay beertaan hadhuudh xilliga roobka gaaban. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay ilaa 93.8% dhammaan qoysaska beeray dalagyada xilligaas.&lt;ref name=&quot;Report2022&quot;&gt;{{cite web| url=https://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/takwimu/Agriculture/KAGERA%20REGION%20REPORT.pdf|title= Warbixinta Gobolka Kagera| publisher=Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka| year=2022| access-date= 9 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Iibka dalagyada cuntada ayaa ka dhigan 54.0% dakhliga guud ee lacagta caddaanka ah ee qoysaska yar-yar ee Gobolka Kagera, iyadoo iibka dalagyada lacagta caddaanka ah (18.9%), dakhli kale oo joogto ah (8.7%), kalluumeysi (4.3%), iyo mushahar/saadaal (4.3%).
Ganacsiyada yaryar waxay ahaayeen isha ugu weyn ee dakhliga kaliya 3.4% qoysaska yaryar, waxaa ku xiga iibka xoolaha (2.5%), xawaaladaha lacagta caddaanka ah (2.0%), iibka alaabta kaynta (0.7%), iyo iibka alaabta xoolaha (0.6%).&lt;ref name=&quot;Report2022&quot;/&gt;

Kagera sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu weyn [[qaxwaha]] soo saarayaasha dalka. Muleba oo leh 26%), Karagwe 23%), Ngara 10%), Biharamulo 1%), iyo Bukoba Urban 1%) waxay ahaayeen aagagga kale ee qaxwaha soo saara, iyadoo Bukoba Rural ay leedahay aagga ugu sarreeya 39%). (Khariidadda 3.33). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Ngara (1.23 ha) waxay lahayd celceliska ugu weyn ee dhulka lagu beeray qaxwaha qoyskiiba, waxaa ku xiga Karagwe (0.32 ha), Biharamulo (0.22 ha), Muleba (0.21 ha), Bukoba Rural (0.21 ha), iyo Bukoba Urban (0.21 ha) (0.18 ha).&lt;ref name=&quot;Report2022&quot;/&gt;

=== Duurjoogta iyo jardiinooyinka qaranka ===
Gobolka Kagera wuxuu leeyahay duurjoog aad u badan, oo ay ku jiraan daanyeerka baboon, giraffe, elands, yaxaasyada, hippopotamus, warthog. Shimbiraha waxaa ka mid ah [[African fish eagle]], [[hammerkop]], [[marabou stork]], [[cormorant]]. [[kingfisher]] iyo [[heron]].

Kagera waxay hoy u tahay [[Biharamulo Forest Reserve]], [[Burigi-Chato National Park]], [[Ibanda-Kyerwa National Park]], [[Rumanyika-Karagwe National Park]], [[Rubondo Island National Park]] iyo [[Saanane Island National Park]]. 2019, [[Burigi]], [[Biharamulo]] kaydka ciyaarta, iyo Lakes Burigi iyo Kimis ayaa loo cusbooneysiiyay si ay u noqdaan beerta qaranka oo leh [[Burigi-Chato National Park]]. [[Rumanyika-Karagwe National Park]] waxaa loo aqoonsaday [[Rumanyika-Karagwe National Park]] iyo [[Ibanda-Kyerwa National Park]].&lt;ref name=&quot;TNP_21b&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Jardiinooyinka Qaranka Tanzania |url=https://www.tanzaniaparks.go.tz/uploads/publications/en-1581671752-TANAPA%20GENERAL%20BROCHURES%202020-WEBSITE%20(1).pdf |publisher=[[Maamulka Jardiinooyinka Qaranka Tanzania]] |access-date=10 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707225507/https://www.tanzaniaparks.go.tz/uploads/publications/en-1581671752-TANAPA%20GENERAL%20BROCHURES%202020-WEBSITE%20(1).pdf |archive-date=7 July 2022 |location=[[Dodoma|Dodoma, Tanzania]] |date=January 2021 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Qaybaha maamulka ==
=== Degmooyin ===
Gobolka Kagera wuxuu u qaybsamaa siddeed [[Degmooyinka Tanzania|degmo]], mid kasta oo ay maamusho gole:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;7&quot; | Degmooyinka Kagera
|- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! style=&quot;width: 6em&quot; | Khariidadda
! style=&quot;width: 12em&quot; | Degmada
! Dadka&lt;br /&gt;(2012)
! Bedka&lt;br /&gt;(km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| rowspan=9 | [[File:Kagera-Region.svg|250px]]
| [[Degmada Biharamulo]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 323,486
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 5,627
|-
| [[Degmada Miyiga ee Bukoba]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 289,697
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 
|-
| [[Degmada Magaalada Bukoba]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 128,796
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 
|-
| [[Degmada Karagwe]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 332,020
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 7,716 
|-
| [[Degmada Kyerwa]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 321,026
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; |
|-
| [[Degmada Missenyi]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 202,632
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 2,709
|-
| [[Degmada Muleba]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 540,310
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 10,739
|-
| [[Degmada Ngara]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 320,056
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 3,744
|-
! Wadarta
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 2,458,023
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 40,838
|}

Sanadkii 2016 [[Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka (Tanzania)|Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics]] ayaa soo warisay in gobolka ay ku nool yihiin 2,789,577 qof, oo ka yimid 2,458,023 sanadkii 2012.&lt;ref name=&quot;2012_census&quot;&gt;{{Cite report |url=http://tanzania.countrystat.org/fileadmin/user_upload/countrystat_fenix/congo/docs/Census%20General%20Report-2012PHC.pdf |title=2012 Tirakoobka Dadweynaha iyo Guryaha - Qaybinta Dadweynaha iyadoo loo eegayo Aagagga Maamulka. |date=1 March 2013 |publisher=[[Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka (Tanzania)|Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka]] |location=[[Dar es Salaam, Tanzania]] |page= |access-date=3 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326183741/http://tanzania.countrystat.org/fileadmin/user_upload/countrystat_fenix/congo/docs/Census%20General%20Report-2012PHC.pdf |archive-date=26 March 2022 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;2016_census&quot;&gt;{{Cite report |url=https://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/takwimu/majimbo/MAJIMBOApril_Kisw.pdf |title=2016 Makadirio ya Idadi ya Watu katika Majimbo ya Uchaguzi kwa Mwaka 2016, Tanzania Bara. |trans-title=Qiyaasta Dadweynaha ee Aagagga Maamulka ee Sanadka 2016, Tanzania Bara |date=1 April 2016 |publisher=[[Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka (Tanzania)|Xafiiska Tirakoobka Qaranka]] |location=[[Dar es Salaam, Tanzania]] |page= |language=sw |access-date=3 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227102333/https://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/takwimu/majimbo/MAJIMBOApril_Kisw.pdf |archive-date=27 December 2021 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dadka caanka ah ee Gobolka Kagera ==
*[[Ali Mufuruki]], ganacsade iyo af-hayeenka dhiirigelinta
*[[Claver Kamanya]], ciyaaryahan iyo bilad-guuleyste 400m
* [[Anna Tibaijuka]], siyaasi
* [[Laurean Rugambwa]], kaarinalka kaniisadda Katooliga
* [[Saida Karoli]], muusikiiste
* [[Josiah Kibira (filmmaker)|Josiah Kibira]], sameeyaha filimada
* [[Justinian Rweyemamu]], aqoonyahan iyo dhaqaaleyahan
[https://muckrack.com/james-kamala James Kamala], Suxufi

== Tixraacyo ==
{{Reflist}}

== Xiriirinta dibadda ==
{{Sister project links | wikt=no | b=no | n=no | q=no | s=no | v=no | voy=no | species=no | d=no | mw=no | display=Kagera}}

* {{URL|http://kagera.go.tz/|Bogga rasmiga ah}}
* [http://www.tanzania.go.tz/regions/kagera/index.html Jamhuuriyadda Midowga Tanzania: Gobolka Kagera]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20031215151044/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/census/census/kagera.htm Bogga Gobolka Kagera ee Tirakoobka Qaranka Tanzania ee 2002]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061003123910/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/govdirf.html Database-ka Hagaha Dawladda Tanzania]</text>
      <sha1>dk52hflb6efudw0tl0vkcwlvwabt8wx</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Albstadt</title>
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      <text bytes="17387" sha1="dqes1auc014g58si4sud3f4h6btnmgj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox German place
|type              = Magaalo
|image_coa         = DEU Albstadt COA.svg
|image_photo       = Ebingen.jpg
|image_caption     = Muuqaal Ebingen
|coordinates       = {{coord|48|12|43|N|09|01|26|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|image_plan        = Albstadt in BL.svg
|state             = 
|region            = Tübingen
|district          = Zollernalbkreis
|elevation         = 731
|area              = 134.4
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 08417079
|postal_code       = 72421–72461
|area_code         = 07431, 07432, 07435
|licence           = BL
|website           = [https://www.albstadt.de/ www.albstadt.de]
|mayor             = Roland Tralmer&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.staatsanzeiger.de/wahl/oberbuergermeisterwahl-albstadt-2023/ Oberbürgermeisterwahl Albstadt 2023], Staatsanzeiger. La helay 13 Juun 2024.&lt;/ref&gt;
|leader_term       = 2023&amp;ndash;31
|party             = CDU
|Bürgermeistertitel = Duqa Magaalada
}}

'''Albstadt''' ({{IPA|de|ˈalpʃtat|-|De-Albstadt.ogg}}) waa magaalada ugu weyn ee [[districts of Germany|degmada]] [[Zollernalbkreis]] ee [[Baden-Württemberg]], [[Jarmalka]]. Waxay ku taallaa buuraha [[Swabian Jura]], qiyaastii kala badh u dhaxaysa [[Stuttgart]] iyo [[Lake of Constance|Harada Constance]].

==Juqraafiga==
Albstadt waxay ku baahsan tahay buuro iyo dooxooyin kala duwan, dhererkeedu wuxuu u dhexeeyaa {{convert|614|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} kor heerka badda iyo {{convert|966|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}. Mid ka mid ah dooxadu waa webiga [[Schmiecha]], oo ah marin bidix ka xiga [[Danube]], dooxada labaad waa webiga sare ee [[Eyach (Neckar)|Eyach]], oo ah marin ka mid ah [[Neckar]].

Albstadt waxaa kale oo ka tirsan buurta [[Raichberg]] ee waqooyiga, taas oo ay ku yaallaan [[Raichberg Transmitter]] iyo munaarad indho-indhayn ah. Koonfurta Albstadt waa [[Heuberg Training Area|Heuberg Military Training Area]].

==Taariikhda==
Degsiimooyinka gobolka waxay dib ugu noqdaan ugu yaraan [[Iron Age|Da'da Birta]]. Qabuuro [[Hallstatt culture|Hallstatt]] ah oo ku yaalla Albstadt ayaa waxaa qoday dad taariikh-yahanno hiwaayadda ah dabayaaqadii qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad, waxayna soo bandhigeen noocyo kala duwan oo dheri iyo agab bir ah. Waxaa loo yaqaannaa qabuuraha 'Degerfeld Barrow', ururin ballaaran oo uu dhisay qofka deegaanka Hyronimus Edelmann kaas oo ugu dambeyntii lagu kaydiyay [[British Museum]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=mareegta Schwarzwaelder-bote |url=http://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.albstadt-ein-apotheker-geht-auf-schatzsuche.f1c6f53e-331a-4949-8e70-8e3f6a51d0ee.html |access-date=2026-07-14 |archive-date=2026-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260314050837/https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.albstadt-ein-apotheker-geht-auf-schatzsuche.f1c6f53e-331a-4949-8e70-8e3f6a51d0ee.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx?searchText=Degerfeld British Museum Collection]&lt;/ref&gt;

16-kii Noofambar, 1911, Albstadt waxaa ku dhuftay {{M|s|link=yes}} 6.1 dhulgariir, gaar ahaan saameeyay aagagga Tailfingen, Lautlingen iyo Margrethausen. Waxaa jiray burbur hantiyeed oo badan, laakiin ma jirin wax dhimasho ah. Kumanaan dhismo ah, oo ay ku jiraan taallooyin, ayaa waxyeello soo gaartay, qaar ka mid ah ayaan la dayactiri karin. Dhulgariirku wuxuu kale oo keenay dhoobo-go'an, taas oo sababtay burbur hantiyeed oo dheeraad ah. Waa dhulgariirkii labaad ee ugu xoogga badnaa ee laga diiwaan geliyo Jarmalka, ka dib [[1756 Düren earthquake]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://erdbebennews.de/2019/11/das-albstadt-erdbeben-1911/|title=Das Albstadt-Erdbeben 1911|publisher=Erdbebennews.de|date=2019-11-04|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.albstadt-kaum-ein-gebaeude-blieb-verschont.ac564bd1-61f8-42d0-9197-346c806bc3f1.html|title=Albstadt - Kaum ein Gebäude blieb verschont|publisher=[[Schwarzwälder Bote]]|date=2011-11-16|language=de|access-date=2026-07-14|archive-date=2013-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625004514/https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.albstadt-kaum-ein-gebaeude-blieb-verschont.ac564bd1-61f8-42d0-9197-346c806bc3f1.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

28-kii Maajo, 1943, Albstadt waxaa ku dhuftay {{M|s|link=yes}} 5.6 dhulgariir, markale saameeyay aagagga Tailfingen, Lautlingen iyo Margrethausen. Waxaa mar kale jiray burbur hantiyeed oo badan oo ku saabsan kumanaan dhismo ah, laakiin ma jirin wax dhimasho ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://erdbebennews.de/2021/03/historisches-erdbeben-m5-7-28-mai-1943-albstadt/|title=Historisches Erdbeben (M5.7): 28. Mai 1943 Albstadt|publisher=Erdbebennews.de|date=2021-03-15|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Intii lagu jiray [[World War II]], duqeyn culus ayaa lagu sameeyay Albstadt 11-kii Luulyo, 1944, taas oo dishay 65 qof&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zak.de/Nachrichten/Blick-zurueck-Im-Juli-1944-fielen-Bomben-auf-Ebingen-65-Menschen-kamen-ums-Leben-136801.html|title=
Albstadt - Blick zurück: Im Juli 1944 fielen Bomben auf Ebingen – 65 Menschen kamen ums Leben|publisher=Zollern-Alb-Kurier.de|date=2019-07-11|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo mid kale 20-kii Febraayo, 1945, taas oo dishay 19 qof.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.albstadt-heute-vor-75-jahren-fielen-die-bomben.4068766d-6a70-488b-88ad-4909a451c048.html|title=Albstadt - Heute vor 75 Jahren fielen die Bomben|publisher=[[Schwarzwälder Bote]]|date=2020-02-21|language=de|access-date=2026-07-14|archive-date=2020-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412165808/https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.albstadt-heute-vor-75-jahren-fielen-die-bomben.4068766d-6a70-488b-88ad-4909a451c048.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Abriil 1945, Faransiisku waa gudaha u galeen, Albstadt, oo qayb ka ahayd gobolka cusub ee la abuuray ee [[Württemberg-Hohenzollern]], waxay markii dambe ka mid ahayd aagga [[French occupation zone in Germany|qabsashadooda]] ilaa 1949.

3-dii Sebtembar, 1978, Albstadt waxaa ku dhuftay {{M|s|link=yes}} 5.7 dhulgariir [[:de:Erdbeben auf der Schwäbischen Alb 1978|(de)]], kaas oo sababay burbur hantiyeed oo badan laakiin ma jirin dhimasho. 6850 dhismo ayaa waxyeello soo gaartay, qaar ka mid ah ayaan la dayactiri karin. Kharashka burburku wuxuu gaaray 275 milyan oo [[Deutsche Mark]], taas oo ah dhulgariirkii ugu qaalisan Jarmalka ilaa maanta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://erdbebennews.de/2019/09/das-albstadt-erdbeben-1978/|title=Das Albstadt-Erdbeben 1978|publisher=Erdbebennews.de|date=2019-09-03|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.stuttgarter-nachrichten.de/inhalt.alb-beben-1978-der-naechste-sechser-kommt-bestimmt.690a1e0b-a6b9-4afb-8dc6-234bbc63d239.html |title=Alb-Beben 1978: Der nächste Sechser kommt bestimmt |author=Heino Schütte |publisher=[[Stuttgarter Nachrichten]]|date=2011-03-14|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Diinta ==
Diimaha soo socda ayaa ka jira Albstadt:
* [[Roman Catholic Church]]
*[[YMCA]] Tailfingen&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=YMCA Tailfingen |url=https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.albstadt-helfen-wenn-die-luft-raus-ist.a4e188e2-9aa7-4ca6-bf6b-ed1f15ebe9e0.html |access-date=2026-07-14 |archive-date=2025-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250425053528/https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.albstadt-helfen-wenn-die-luft-raus-ist.a4e188e2-9aa7-4ca6-bf6b-ed1f15ebe9e0.html |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Evangelische Landeskirche in Württemberg]] 
* [[New Apostolic Church]] ee Tailfingen
* Gospel Forum ee Ebingen
* Pauluskirche, [[United Methodist Church]] parish ee [[Ebingen]]
* Versammlung ee [[Brüderbewegung]] ee Johanneskirche, [[John Nelson Darby]]Tailfingen
* Gemeinschaftsstunde Süddeutsche Gemeinschaft, [[Liebenzell Mission]], [[Evangelischer Gnadauer Gemeinschaftsverband]] looma oggola kaniisadda Protestant-ka ee Truchtelfingen iyo Tailfingen
* Russian Orthodox Church ee Tailfingen Schlossstaße Tailfingen. Servie ee Balingen Siechenkirche iyo Meßstetten Lamprechtskirche&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ortodoxe Osternacht |url=https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.orthodoxe-osternacht-ukrainerinnen-feiern-in-messstetten-vierstuendige-liturgie-mit.c7f81e02-ec1c-42ca-9195-33140b3bb987.html |access-date=2026-07-14 |archive-date=2025-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004104113/https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.orthodoxe-osternacht-ukrainerinnen-feiern-in-messstetten-vierstuendige-liturgie-mit.c7f81e02-ec1c-42ca-9195-33140b3bb987.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
*TOS&lt;ref&gt;[https://tos.info/en/about-us TOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Gemeinde Gottes&lt;ref&gt;[https://churchofgod.org/ Gemeinde Gottes]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Adventisten &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.adventist.org/ |title=Adventisten |access-date=2023-01-02 |archive-date=2002-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020926145259/http://www.adventist.org/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Dhaqaalaha iyo Kaabayaasha==
Inta badan warshadaha dharka (oo ay ka mid yihiin [[Hasana J. Hakenmüller]]) maanta way dabar go'een, iyagoo ka tegaya qaar ka mid ah taallooyin, sida [[Villa Haux]]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu weyn adduunka ee sameeya cirbadaha warshadaha, [[Groz-Beckert]], weli waxay ku saleysan tahay magaalada. Shirkado kale oo maxalli ah oo caan ah waxaa ka mid ah Mey (knitwear), [[Mettler Toledo]] (weighing systems) iyo qayb weyn oo ka mid ah [[Assa Abloy]] nidaamyada amniga (Eff-Eff Brand). Ebingen waxay sidoo kale martigelisaa kulliyadaha farsamada iyo sayniska kombiyuutarka ee [[Albstadt-Sigmaringen University]] oo leh qiyaastii 3,000 oo arday (2014).

===Waxbarashada===
Albstadt waxay maamushaa nidaamkeeda dugsi ee casriga ah, iyadoo dugsiga hoose ilaa dugsiga sare lagu bixiyo gudaha magaaladaas, oo ay ku jiraan [[Kindergarten|xannaanada carruurta]] iyo dugsiyada jiifka ah ee dadka naafada ah ee maskaxda iyo jirka. Sidoo kale, maktabadda magaaladu waxay bixisaa internet bilaash ah dadka deggan.

====Jaamacadda====
Jaamacadda waxaa la aasaasay 1971 waxayna leedahay laba goobood oo xerada ah, Albstadt iyo Sigmaringen.
&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.hs-albsig.de/hochschule/organisation/international-office/information-in-english/ Jaamacadda]&lt;/ref&gt;

====Dugsiga Isboortiga====
Baden Württemberg tababarka koox isboorti ama ciyaaryahan, oo loo yaqaan Übungsleiter C, wuxuu ku yaallaa Tailfingen, Landessportschule Langenwand, iyo sidoo kale huteel leh 120 sariirood.&lt;ref&gt;[https://ls-albstadt.de/ Dugsiga Isboortiga]&lt;/ref&gt;

===Macdanta===
{{stack|[[File:Truchtelfingen.jpg|thumb|Truchtelfingen iyo Tailfingen]]}}
Wakhtiyadii hore birta birta waxaa laga soo saari jiray Albstadt. Fidel Eppler wuxuu ahaa magaca kormeeraha macdanta. Qoryaha buttress-ka waxaa laga soo iibsaday Truchtelfingen waxaana laga isticmaalay Lautlinger Knappen aagga Hörnle .&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|surname1=Hermann Bitzer |title=Tailfinger Heimatbuch 1954|page=35|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laga soo bilaabo macdan 3,5&amp;nbsp;km ah oo ku taal Doggererzflöz ee [[Rietheim-Weilheim|Weilheim]] waa qoryo ku yaalla Tuttlinger Fruchtkasten .&lt;ref name=&quot;Ludwigsthal&quot;&gt;Fruchtkasten: ''[https://www.tuttlingen.de/de/Die-Stadt/Tuttlingen-aktuell/Pressemitteilungen/Pressemitteilung?view=publish&amp;item=article&amp;id=6581https://www.tuttlingen.de/de/Die-Stadt/Tuttlingen-aktuell/Pressemitteilungen/Pressemitteilung?view=publish&amp;item=article&amp;id=6581 Abteilung Ludwigsthal].'' In: ''Pressemiteilungen.'' 21 Noofambar 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;
Birta waxaa laga soo saaray [[Tuttlingen]] ee Schwäbische Hüttenwerke ee Ludwigstal, maanta bareegyada birta.

===Isboortiga===
Magaalada Ebingen iyo Tailfingen, waxaa ku yaalla dhismaha garoonka [[Soccer|Kubadda Cagta]].

[[YMCA]] waxay qabataa [[Handball|Kubadda Gacanta]], [[indiaca]], [[Soccer|Kubadda Cagta]], iyo [[natural sports|isboortiga dabiiciga ah]] ee Halls iyo Sportgelände Markenberg YMCA.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=YMCA |url=https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.albstadt-helfen-wenn-die-luft-raus-ist.a4e188e2-9aa7-4ca6-bf6b-ed1f15ebe9e0.html |access-date=2026-07-14 |archive-date=2025-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250425053528/https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.albstadt-helfen-wenn-die-luft-raus-ist.a4e188e2-9aa7-4ca6-bf6b-ed1f15ebe9e0.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PnJ7VrCNidE FIT_UP]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Degmooyinka==
Degmooyinka Ebingen, Laufen, Lautlingen, Pfeffingen und Tailfingen waxaa markii ugu horreysay lagu xusay 793 dukumenti oo ka tirsan abbey St. Gallen. [[Ebingen]] waxay heshay xuquuqda magaalada qiyaastii 1250 qoyska ducal ee [[House of Hohenberg|Hohenberg]].

Albstadt waxay ka kooban tahay degmooyinka magaalooyinka soo socda, kuwaas oo ahaa magaalooyin madax-bannaan oo ku biiray Albstadt 1975:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! Astaanta || [[File:Wappen Ebingen.svg|40px|Astaanta]] || [[File:Wappen Tailfingen.png|40px|Astaanta]] || [[File:DEU Onstmettingen COA.svg|40px|Astaanta]] || [[File:Wappen Truchtelfingen.svg|40px|Astaanta]] || [[File:Wappen Pfeffingen.svg|40px|Astaanta]] || [[File:Wappen Lautlingen.svg|40px|Astaanta]] || [[File:Wappen Laufen an der Eyach.svg|40px|Astaanta]] || [[File:Wappen Margrethausen2.png|40px|Astaanta]] || [[File:Wappen Burgfelden.svg|40px|Astaanta]]
|-
!Degmo
| [[Ebingen]] || [[Tailfingen (Albstadt)]] || [[Onstmettingen]] || [[Truchtelfingen]] || [[Pfeffingen (Albstadt)]] || [[Lautlingen (Albstadt)]] || [[Laufen (Albstadt)]] || [[Margrethausen]] || [[Burgfelden]]
|-
! Tirada dadka (2006)
| 19,618 || 12,234 || 5,384 || 3,229 || 2,168 || 1,998 || 1,753 || 1,084 || 345
|-
! Tirada dadka (2007)
| 19,339 || 12,091 || 5,314 || 3,223 || 2,131 || 1,987 || 1,753 || 1,087 || 338
|-
! Tirada dadka (2008)
| 19,265 || 12,072 || 5,260 || 3,189 || 2,147 || 1,988 || 1,777 || 1,069 || 346
|-
! Tirada dadka (2009)
| 19,196 || 11,895 || 5,194 || 3,210 || 2,074 || 1,942 || 1,764 || 1,046 || 382
|-
! Tirada dadka (2010)
| 18,718 || 11,522 || 5,006 || 3,101 || 2,144 || 1,833 || 1,709 || 1,023 || 364
|-
! Tirada dadka (2011)
| 18,584 || 11,500 || 4,957 || 3,108 || 2,048 || 1,821 || 1,699 || 1,025 || 361
|-
! Tirada dadka (2012)
| 18,478 || 11,329 || 4,900 || 3,028 || 1,993 || 1,771 || 1,699 || {{0}}997 || 314
|-
! Tirada dadka (2014)&lt;ref&gt;http://www.albstadt.de/stadt/zahlendatenfakten {{Wayback|url=http://www.albstadt.de/stadt/zahlendatenfakten |date=20240712050136 }} (Jarmal) Tirada dadka&lt;/ref&gt;
| 18,675 || 11,208 || 4,903 || 3,035 || 1,982 || 1,808 || 1,664 || {{0}}967 || 336
|}

==Dadka==
* 1975: 50,772
* 1987: 46,369
* 1995: 49,463
* 2005: 46,505
* 2015: 44,431

==Duqa Magaalada ee Albstadt==
* 1975–1991: Hans Pfarr (CDU)
* 1991–1999: Hans-Martin Haller (SPD)
* 1999–2015: Jürgen Gneveckow (CDU)
* tan iyo 2015: Klaus Konzelmann (Free voters Baden-Württemberg)

==Dadka caanka ah==
[[File:Matthaeus-hahn.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Philipp Matthäus Hahn]]]]
[[File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F029561-0008, Essen, CDU-Bundestagswahlkongress (cropped).jpg|thumb|150px|[[Kurt Georg Kiesinger]], 1969)]]

* [[Philipp Matthäus Hahn]] (1739–1790), wadaad, naqshadeeye iyo hal-abuur, wuxuu ku noolaa Onstmettingen 1764–1770
* [[Ignaz Anton Demeter]] (1773–1842), wadaad Katoolik ah, Archbishop of [[Freiburg im Breisgau]], 1836–1842
* [[Otto Hahn]] (1879–1968), chemist, saynisyahan nukliyeer, wuxuu ku guuleystay [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Abaalmarinta Nobel ee Chemistry]] 1944. wuxuu cilmi-baaris ku sameeyay deegaanka.
* [[Kurt Georg Kiesinger]] (1904–1988), qareen iyo siyaasi (CDU), Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Baden-Württemberg (1958–1966) iyo Chancellor (1966–1969)
* [[Berthold Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg]] (1905–1944), jurist, ka qaybqaataha isku dayga dilka Adolf Hitler; ku koray Lautlingen
* [[Claus von Stauffenberg]] (1907–1944), sarkaal, isku day dilka Adolf Hitler; ku koray Lautlingen
* [[Gregor Dorfmeister]] (1929–2018), wariye iyo qoraa, ku dhashay Tailfingen
* [[Monika Herzig]] (dhashay 1964), muusikiiste jazz iyo musicologist
* [[Thomas Bareiß]] (dhashay 1975), siyaasi (CDU) iyo wasiir hore oo ka tirsan Govt.

=== Isboortiga ===
* [[Martin Schaudt]] (dhashay 1958), dressage rider, billadda dahabka ah ee [[1996 Summer Olympics|1996]] &amp; [[2004 Summer Olympics]]
* [[Marcus Klausmann]] (dhashay 1977), downhill mountain biker hore, ku guuleystaha badan ee [[German National Mountain Bike Championships|German Championships]]
* [[Roberto Floriano]] (dhashay 1986), kubadda cagta oo ka fariistay Talyaani oo ciyaaray in ka badan 440 kulan
* [[Kevin Dicklhuber]] (dhashay 1989), kubadda cagta oo ciyaaray in ka badan 330 kulan
* [[Marcel Heister]] (dhashay 1992), kubadda cagta oo ciyaaray qiyaastii 300 oo kulan

==Magaalooyinka mataanaha ah - magaalooyinka walaalaha ah==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}}
Albstadt waxaa lagu [[Sister city|twinned]] laa:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Städtepartnerschaft - Unsere Partnerstadt Chambery|url=https://www.albstadt.de/Willkommen-auf-unseren-Seiten|website=albstadt.de|publisher=Albstadt|language=de|access-date=2021-02-04|archive-date=2022-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619222657/https://www.albstadt.de/Willkommen-auf-unseren-Seiten|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Chambéry]], France

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
*[[Kern &amp; Sohn]] (1844)
*[[Schlossfelsen]]

==Tixraacyo==
{{reflist}}

==Xiriirka dibadda==
{{Commons category-inline}}
*[https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/search?keyword=albstadt Sammlung Hieronymus Edelmann (1853–1921), Hyronimus Edelmann] [[British Museum]]
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  <page>
    <title>Aplerbeck</title>
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      <text bytes="10844" sha1="hy6o1p3skjolbaeotxp2mfq4pu9ijvc" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox German place 
| name = Aplerbeck
| type = Borough
| City = Dortmund
| Wappen  = WappenAplerbeck.png
| coordinates  = {{coord|51|29|30|N|07|33|20|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| Bundesland = 
| Höhe = 150
| Fläche = 24.98
| Einwohner = 55588
| population_as_of   = 2020-12-31
| pop_ref            = &lt;ref name=pop&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.dortmund.de/media/p/statistik/pdf_statistik/bevoelkerung/02_02_Bevoelkerung_Geschlecht_Staatsangehoerigkeit_Statistische_Bezirke.pdf|title=Bevölkerung nach Geschlecht und Staatsangehörigkeit in den Statistischen Bezirken am 31.12.2020|publisher=Stadt Dortmund|access-date=28 September 2021|archive-date=4 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304054331/https://www.dortmund.de/media/p/statistik/pdf_statistik/bevoelkerung/02_02_Bevoelkerung_Geschlecht_Staatsangehoerigkeit_Statistische_Bezirke.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| PLZ = 44287
| Vorwahl = 0231
| Lageplan = Dortmund Bezirk Aplerbeck simple.svg
| Lageplanbeschreibung = Location within Dortmund
}}

'''Aplerbeck''' ({{IPA|de|ˈaːplɐbɛk}}) waa degmo (''[[Stadtbezirk]]'') ka tirsan magaalada [[Dortmund]] ee gobolka [[Ruhr district|Ruhr]] ee [[North Rhine-Westphalia]], Jarmalka. Tan iyo 1929, waxay ahayd xaafad ka tirsan Dortmund, oo ku taal koonfur-bari ee magaalada. Wabiga [[Emscher]], oo ah wabi ay ku dhacaan [[Ruhr (river)|Ruhr]], ayaa mara Aplerbeck.

Aplerbeck waxaa markii ugu horreysay dukumenti ahaan loogu diiwaangeliyay tuulo ahaan 899. Goobta waxaa lala xiriiriyaa dhimashada laba shahiid oo [[Two Ewalds|labadooduba loo yaqaanay Ewald]] qarnigii 7-aad, sida uu qabo [[Golden Legend]]. Aplerbeck waxay ahayd goob laga sameeyo [[mining|macdanta]] iyo [[heavy industry|warshadaha culus]] oo qayb ka ah Ruhr laga soo bilaabo qarnigii 19-aad ilaa 1926, taasoo keentay in dadku bataan iyo dhismaha hoolka magaalada ee wakiilka ah iyo kaniisad weyn. Isbitaal dhimirka oo muhiim u ah gobolka, oo la aasaasay 1890, ayaa weli shaqeynaya, hadda waa {{Interlanguage link|LWL-Klinik Dortmund|de}}.

== Taariikhda ==
Dukumentigii ugu horreeyay ee xusaya Aplerbeck, markaas ''Afaldrabechi'', waa dukumenti aasaasid (''Stiftungsurkunde'') ee 899, erey ka kooban &quot;tufaax&quot; iyo &quot;qulqulka&quot;. Sida uu qabo [[Golden Legend]], laba wadaad, [[Two Ewalds|Ewalds]], ayaa lagu dilay meel u dhow Aplerbeck qarnigii 7-aad.&lt;ref name=&quot;Liesenberg&quot; /&gt;

Iyadoo warshaduhu ay socdaan, macdanta waxaa laga sameeyay {{Interlanguage link|Zeche Vereinigte Schürbank &amp; Charlottenburg|de}}. 1855, Aplerbeck waxaa ku xiray tareenka [[Cologne-Minden Railway Company]]. {{Interlanguage link|Aplerbecker Hütte|de}} waxaa la aasaasay 1862.{{Citation needed|date=February 2018}}

1890, dawladda gobolka [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussian]] waxay u dooratay Aplerbeck inay noqoto hoyga rugta dhimirka ee cusub si ay ugu adeegto [[Ruhr area|deegaanka Ruhr]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Liesenberg&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;LWL&quot; /&gt; Beer hore ayaa la helay, si loogu shaqeeyo bukaanada beerashada. Magaca ''Westfälische Provinzial-Heilanstalt Aplerbeck'' (ka dib gaaban: ''Westfälische Klinik'' iyo ''Heilanstalt'') 1904,&lt;ref name=&quot;LWL&quot; /&gt; waxaa loogu talagalay inay hoy u noqoto 660 bukaan.

Hoolka magaalada ee Aplerbeck, {{Interlanguage link|Amtshaus Aplerbeck|de}}, waxaa dhisay 1906/07 {{Interlanguage link|Wilhelm Stricker|de|Wilhelm Stricker (Baumeister)}}. Aplerbecker Hütte waa la xiray 1925. Aplerbeck waxay noqotay qayb ka mid ah Dortmund 1 Agoosto 1929.&lt;ref name=&quot;Liesenberg&quot; /&gt;

Intii lagu jiray xukunka [[Nazis|Nasiibka]], muwaadiniinta Yuhuudda waa la masaafuriyay, kaliya 30 ka mid ah 120 ee 1933 ayaa awooday inay u haajiraan. Qiyaastii 340 bukaan oo ka tirsan rugta dhimirka ayaa la jeermis dilay.&lt;ref name=&quot;Tenhumberg&quot; /&gt; 1941, 95 bukaan ayaa loo raray Hadamar waana la dilay.&lt;ref name=&quot;Transport&quot; /&gt;

&lt;gallery widths=&quot;200px&quot; heights=&quot;160px&quot;&gt;
File:AmtshausDortmundAplerbeck.jpg|Hoolka magaalada
File:Altes Amtshaus (old communal town hall and local jail) of Aplerbeck, a suburb of Dortmund, Germany.jpg|Altes Amtshaus (hoolka magaalada iyo xabsiga taariikhiga ah), Abriil 2019
File:Aplerbecker Hütte2.JPG|Aplerbecker Hütte oo ku taal kaarka boostada, {{Circa|1910}}
File:Aplerbeck Grosse Kirche IMGP0446 wp.jpg|''Große Kirche''
File:Verwaltung Westfälische Klinik.JPG|Westfälische Klinik, dhismaha ugu weyn 2007
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Diinta ==
[[St. Georg, Aplerbeck|Georgskirche]] waa [[Romanesque architecture|kaniisad Romanesque]] oo markii ugu horreysay lagu xusay dukumeenti 1147, laakiin waxay u badan tahay inay ku salaysan tahay dhismo ka weyn qarnigii 9-aad. [[Reformation|Dib-u-habaynta]] waxay gaartay Aplerbeck 1570.&lt;ref name=&quot;Liesenberg&quot; /&gt; Iyadoo warshaduhu ay socdaan, kaniisad weyn ayaa loo baahday.&lt;ref name=&quot;Industriekultur&quot; /&gt; [[Große Kirche Aplerbeck]] waxaa lagu dhisay [[Gothic Revival architecture|Gothic Revival style]] ka dib naqshad uu sameeyay [[Christian Heyden]] laga bilaabo 1867 ilaa 1869.&lt;ref name=&quot;Industriekultur&quot; /&gt; Georgskirche dambe looma isticmaalin oo way sii xumaatay. Waxaa la soo celiyay 1963, haddana waa goobta ugu weyn ee adeegyada Protestant-ka,&lt;ref name=&quot;Georg&quot; /&gt; halka kaniisadda weyn inta badan loo isticmaalo riwaayadaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;Industriekultur&quot; /&gt;

Maadaama dad badan oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Poland ay degeen Aplerbeck, waxay u baahdeen kaniisad Katolik ah, taas oo la dhisay ka dib naqshad uu sameeyay {{Interlanguage link|August Carl Lange|de}} waxaana la quduus ka dhigay 21 Diseembar 1880, oo loo magacaabay {{Interlanguage link|St. Ewaldi, Aplerbeck|de|St. Ewaldi (Aplerbeck)|lt=St. Ewaldi}} ka dib markii shahiidada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Damals&quot; /&gt; Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka ka dib, kaniisaddani waxay u noqotay mid aad u yar kaniisad sii kordheysa. Waxaa lagu beddelay 1971 kaniisad cusub.{{Citation needed|date=February 2018}}

&lt;gallery widths=&quot;200px&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Aplerbeck Kirche St Georg.jpg|Georgskirche
File:Titelbild des Kirchenführers Der Zeigefinger Gottes von Siegfried Liesenberg..jpg|''Der Zeigefinger Gottes'' (Farta tilmaanta ee Ilaah)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Shakhsiyaad ==
* [[Wilhelm Canaris]] (1887–1945), Admiral&lt;ref name=&quot;Liesenberg&quot; /&gt;
* [[Paul Graebner]] (1871–1933), dhir-yaqaan{{Citation needed|date=February 2018}}
* [[Heinz Eberhard Strüning]] (1896–1986), rinjiile, farshaxan

== Suugaanta ==
* Siegfried Niehaus: ''Aplerbeck''. Heinrich Borgmann, Dortmund 1977.
* Siegfried Niehaus: ''Kleine Geschichte des Amtes Aplerbeck''. Stadtsparkasse Dortmund, 1980.
* Uwe Bitzel: ''Lebensunwert. Die Heilanstalt Aplerbeck und ihre Kranken während des Nationalsozialismus''. Montania, Dortmund 1995, {{ISBN|3-929236-04-4}}.
* Hans Georg Kirchhoff, Siegfried Liesenberg (ed.): ''1100 Jahre Aplerbeck: Festschrift im Auftrag des Vereins für Heimatpflege''. Essen 1998, {{ISBN|3-88474-735-5}}.
* Georg Eggenstein (ed.): ''Aplerbeck. Sechs Profile – Ein Gesicht''. Limosa, Clenze 2010, {{ISBN|978-3-86037-402-3}}.

== Tixraacyo ==
{{reflist|30em
| refs =

&lt;ref name=&quot;Liesenberg&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |last        = Liesenberg
 |first       = Siegfried
 |url         = https://www.dortmund.de/de/leben_in_dortmund/stadtbezirke/stbzportal_aplerbeck/leben_aplerbeck/bezirksportraet_apl/geschichte_apl/index.html
 |title       = Geschichte
 |website     = [[Dortmund]]
 |language    = German
 |accessdate  = 11 January 2017
 |url-status  = dead
 |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20160412175211/http://www.dortmund.de/de/leben_in_dortmund/stadtbezirke/stbzportal_aplerbeck/leben_aplerbeck/bezirksportraet_apl/geschichte_apl/index.html
 |archivedate = 12 April 2016
 |df          = dmy-all
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;Damals&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |url         = http://www.aplerbeck-damals.de/?cat=58
 |title       = Katholische Gemeinde
 |website     = aplerbeck-damals.de
 |language    = German
 |accessdate  = 18 January 2017
 |url-status = live
 |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20170214085601/http://www.aplerbeck-damals.de/?cat=58
 |archivedate = 14 February 2017
 |df          = dmy-all
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;Georg&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |url         = http://www.georgsgemeinde.de/gottesdienst.html
 |title       = Unsere Kirchen
 |website     = georgsgemeinde.de
 |language    = German
 |accessdate  = 16 January 2017
 |url-status = live
 |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20180117131213/http://www.georgsgemeinde.de/gottesdienst.html
 |archivedate = 17 January 2018
 |df          = dmy-all
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;Industriekultur&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |url         = http://www.route-industriekultur.ruhr/themenrouten/26-sakralbauten/grosse-kirche-do-aplerbeck.html
 |title       = Unsere Kirchen
 |website     = route-industriekultur.ruhr
 |language    = German
 |accessdate  = 18 January 2017
 |url-status = live
 |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20160502044854/http://www.route-industriekultur.ruhr/themenrouten/26-sakralbauten/grosse-kirche-do-aplerbeck.html
 |archivedate = 2 May 2016
 |df          = dmy-all
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;LWL&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |url         = http://www.lwl-klinik-dortmund.de/de/wir_ueber_uns/geschichte/Die_ersten_Jahre/
 |title       = Die Ersten Jahre
 |website     = LWL-Klinik
 |language    = German
 |accessdate  = 11 January 2017
 |url-status  = dead
 |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20180112160024/http://www.lwl-klinik-dortmund.de/de/wir_ueber_uns/geschichte/Die_ersten_Jahre/
 |archivedate = 12 January 2018
 |df          = dmy-all
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;Tenhumberg&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |url         = http://www.tenhumbergreinhard.de/05aaff9c310b0fe15/05aaff9c360ff9610/index.html
 |title       = Dortmund-Aplerbeck Marsbruchstraße 179
 |website     = tenhumbergreinhard.de
 |language    = German
 |accessdate  = 16 January 2017
 |url-status = live
 |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20160721142048/http://www.tenhumbergreinhard.de/05aaff9c310b0fe15/05aaff9c360ff9610/index.html
 |archivedate = 21 July 2016
 |df          = dmy-all
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;Transport&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |url         = http://www.tenhumbergreinhard.de/1933-1945-lager-1/1933-1945-lager-d/dortmund-aplerbeck-marsbruchstrae-179.html
 |title       = Transportliste der Deportierten 1941
 |website     = tenhumbergreinhard.de
 |language    = German
 |accessdate  = 16 January 2017
 |url-status = live
 |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20160824035314/http://tenhumbergreinhard.de/1933-1945-lager-1/1933-1945-lager-d/dortmund-aplerbeck-marsbruchstrae-179.html
 |archivedate = 24 August 2016
 |df          = dmy-all
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

}}

== Xiriirka dibadda ==
{{Commons|Dortmund#Aplerbeck}}
* [http://www.aplerbeck.dortmund.de/ Stadtbezirksportal] {{Wayback|url=http://www.aplerbeck.dortmund.de/ |date=20070731010737 }} Dortmund
* [http://dortmund.aplerbeck.net/ Berichte über Aplerbeck] {{Wayback|url=http://dortmund.aplerbeck.net/ |date=20160430170318 }}
* [http://www.aplerbeck-damals.de/ Aplerbecker Geschichte] Taariikhda Aplerbeck

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    <title>Claire Holt</title>
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| name               = Claire Holt
| image              = Claire Holt at the 47 Meters Down premiere in June 2017 01.png
| caption            = Holt sanadkii 2017
| birth_name         = Claire Rhiannon Holt
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1988|6|11}}
| birth_place        = [[Brisbane]], Queensland, Australia
| citizenship        = {{hlist|Australia|United States&lt;ref name=&quot;insta20191121&quot;/&gt;}}
| occupation         = Atarixi
| years_active       = 2005–present
| spouse             = {{unbulleted list|{{marriage|[[Matt Kaplan]]|2016|end=divorced|2017}}|{{marriage|[[Andrew Joblon]]|2018}}}}
| children           = 3
| relatives          = 
| website            = {{URL|https://thecornerbyclaire.com/}}
| education          = 
}}

'''Claire Rhiannon Holt''' (dhashay 11 Juun 1988) waa atarixo u dhalatay Australiya-Maraykan.&lt;ref name=&quot;insta20191121&quot; /&gt;&lt;!--link is live but birth dates only appear in TV Guide's archive--&gt; Waxay jilitaankeeda koowaad ka bilowday iyada oo ku ciidaysa Emma Gilbert oo ahayd taxanaha [[H2O: Just Add Water|H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O: Just Add Water]] (2006–2008), ka hor inta aysan u guurin Mareykanka oo aysan filimkeeda ugu horreeya ka bilaabin 2009. Ka dib markii ay ka muuqatay taxanaha telefishanka [[Mean Girls 2]] iyo [[List of Pretty Little Liars episodes|labadii xilli ee ugu horreeyay]] ee [[Pretty Little Liars]] (labaduba 2011), waxay lahayd doorkeeda [[breakthrough role|guusha leh]] ee ah [[List of The Originals characters#Rebekah_Mikaelson|Rebekah Mikaelson]] oo ka tirsan riwaayadda cajiibka ah ee [[the CW]] ee [[The Vampire Diaries]] (2011–2014), [[The Originals (TV series)|The Originals]] (2013–2018) iyo [[Legacies (TV series)|Legacies]] (2021–2022). Doorkani wuxuu u kasbaday amaan iyo magacaabid [[Teen Choice Award]]. Waxay kaloo jishay taxanaha riwaayadaha dembiyada xilliga [[NBC]] ee [[Aquarius (American TV series)|Aquarius]] (2015–2016), si ay u sii hesho amaan.

Xagga filimada, Holt waxay jishay majaajilada riwaayadda ah [[Blue Like Jazz (film)|Blue Like Jazz]] (2012) iyo riwaayadda badbaadada ee [[47 Meters Down]] (2017) oo ay ka heshay soo dhoweyn dhaleeceyn ah, waxaana ku xigay doorar ka tirsan mashaariic aan sidaas u fiicnayn, iyo markii dambe filimka majaajilada cabsi leh ee la amaanay [[Untitled Horror Movie]] (2021). Kan ugu dambeeya iyaduna waa ay soo saartay.

== Nolosha hore ==

Holt waxaa lagu dhalay [[Brisbane]], Queensland, Australia, waxayna dhigatay [[Stuartholme School]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=12 January 2012|title=Australian Television: H2O – Just Add Water|url=http://www.australiantelevision.net/h2o/articles/holt-impressing-hollywood.html|access-date=30 May 2022|website=australiantelevision.net|archive-date=9 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160909220605/http://australiantelevision.net/h2o/articles/holt-impressing-hollywood.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

==Shaqada==
===2000s: Guul iyo aqoonsi hore===
Sannadkii 2005, Holt waxay ku guuleysatay doorka Emma Gilbert ee bandhigga telefishanka khuraafaadka [[Network 10|Network Ten]] ee [[H2O: Just Add Water|H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O: Just Add Water]] taas oo ahayd doorkeedii ugu horreeyay ee telefishan. Bandhiggu wuxuu ku guuleystay abaalmarinta [[Logie Award]] iyo abaalmarinta [[Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards|Nickelodeon Australia Kids' Choice Award]]. Intii taxanaha loo cusbooneysiinayay xilli saddexaad, Holt waxay ka tagtay bandhigga ka dib xilligii labaad ka dib markii ay saxiixday sii wadida filimkii 2007 [[The Messengers (film)|The Messengers]], oo loogu magac daray [[Messengers 2: The Scarecrow]]. Waxaa lagu bedelay dabeecadda [[Indiana Evans]], Bella. Duubista ''Messengers 2'' waxay ka dhacday [[Sofia]] intii u dhaxaysay 2008. Iyada oo la jileysa [[Norman Reedus]] iyo [[Heather Stephens]], filimka waxaa la sii daayay 21 Luulyo 2009 oo si toos ah loogu sii daayay DVD.

=== 2010s: Aqoonsiga adduunka oo dhan ===

[[File:Claire Holt at PaleyFest 2014.jpg|thumb|right|160px|Claire Holt at The Paley Center For Media's PaleyFest 2014 Honoring &quot;The Originals&quot;]]

Marka laga reebo doorarka telefishanka iyo filimada, Holt waxay ka muuqatay xayeysiisyo loogu talagalay [[Dreamworld (Australian theme park)|Dreamworld]], [[Sizzler]], iyo [[Surf Life Saving Queensland]]. [[BuddyTV]] waxay ku qiimeysay lambarka 55 liiska Haweenka 100 ee ugu galmada badan TV-ga 2011.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.buddytv.com/slideshows/one-tree-hill/tvs-100-sexiest-women-of-2011-27145.aspx |title=TV's 100 Sexiest Women of 2011 |publisher=[[BuddyTV.com]] |year=2011 |access-date=13 January 2012 |archive-date=21 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120621064400/http://www.buddytv.com/slideshows/one-tree-hill/tvs-100-sexiest-women-of-2011-27145.aspx |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kahor inta aysan guul ka gaarin [[United States]], Holt waxay shaaca ka qaaday in ay martay 142 imtixaan ka hor inta aysan ballansan doorarkeeda ugu horreeya ee dalka, filimka TV-ga [[Mean Girls 2]], iyo doorka soo noqnoqda ee [[Pretty Little Liars]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=‘I had 142 auditions before my first job’ |url=http://www.news.com.au/national/queensland/claire-holt-reveals-she-auditioned-142-times-before-she-won-her-first-hollywood-role/news-story/5b3528ed0a00f61d076e950b424c0e9a |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170922171233/http://www.news.com.au/national/queensland/claire-holt-reveals-she-auditioned-142-times-before-she-won-her-first-hollywood-role/news-story/5b3528ed0a00f61d076e950b424c0e9a |archive-date=2017-09-22 |access-date=2026-07-09 |work=NewsComAu}}&lt;/ref&gt; Holt waxay ku wadaagtay kanaalkeeda YouTube iyo podcast-ka &quot;Not skinny but not fat&quot; in ay ku tijaabisay shaashadda doorka Annabeth ee [[Percy Jackson &amp; the Olympians: The Lightning Thief]]. Doorkii waxaa ugu dambeyntii qaatay [[Alexandra Daddario]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2026}} Waxay kaloo sheegtay in ay markii hore u tijaabisay taxanaha TV-ga khiyaanada leh ee [[The Secret Circle (TV series)|The Secret Circle]] doorka Diana, oo ay dib u guuleysatay [[Shelley Hennig]], ka hor inta uusan tixgelin [[Kevin Williamson (screenwriter)|Kevin Williamson]] ee [[The Vampire Diaries]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JEBTtISKtl4 |title=Two Actors Enabling Each Other The Interview (Episode 16) |date=2026-06-23 |last=The Corner By Claire Holt |access-date=2026-07-09 |via=YouTube}}&lt;!-- b --&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ogosto 2011, Holt waxaa la xaqiijiyay in ay ku jiri doonto taxanaha TV-ga ''The Vampire Diaries'' oo ah Rebekah Mikaelson.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://hollywoodcrush.mtv.com/2011/08/09/vampire-diaries-season-3-stefans-ex-girlfriend/ |title='Vampire Diaries' Casts Stefan's Ex: 5 Theories On Why She's Coming To Town |publisher=[[MTV]] |first=Nuzhat |last=Naoreen |date=9 August 2011 |access-date=7 November 2011 |archive-date=25 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925172833/http://hollywoodcrush.mtv.com/2011/08/09/vampire-diaries-season-3-stefans-ex-girlfriend/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Janaayo 13, 2013, The CW waxay ku dhawaaqday in Holt ay ku biirtay jilaaga ''The Vampire Diaries'' spin-off ''[[The Originals (TV series)|The Originals]]'', halkaas oo ay ku celisay doorkeeda Rebekah Mikaelson.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Andreeva |first1=Nellie |title='Vampire Diaries' Claire Holt To Co-Star In 'The Originals' Spinoff |url=https://deadline.com/2013/02/vampire-diaries-spinoff-claire-holt-co-star-casting-originals-cw-429870/ |website=Deadline Hollywood |access-date=17 October 2023 |date=13 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay ka tagtay bandhigga oo ahayd jilaa caadi ah qaybtii lixaad iyo tobnaad ee xilligii koowaad, taas oo ka baxday Mareykanka bishii Maarso 11, 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |last1=Ng |first1=Philiana |title=Claire Holt Exits 'The Originals' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/claire-holt-exits-originals-as-687866/ |magazine=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=17 October 2023 |date=11 March 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Holt waxay ku laabatay doorkeeda dhammaadka xilliga koowaad bishii May 13, 2014, waxayna sii waday martigelinta xilliyada qaarkood ee taxanaha ilaa dhammaadkeeda bishii Agoosto 1, 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |title=Claire Holt talks 'Originals' finale, whether she'll be back next year |url=https://ew.com/article/2015/05/08/claire-holt-previews-unexpected-ending-originals-finale/ |access-date=20 November 2025 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=13 August 2015 |title=Claire Holt Is Returning to The Originals! Get the Scoop on When and How She'll Show Up |url=https://www.eonline.com/news/686064/claire-holt-is-returning-to-the-originals-get-the-scoop-on-when-and-how-she-ll-show-up |access-date=20 November 2025 |agency=E!}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Dowling |first=Amber |date=2 August 2018 |title='The Originals' Boss Talks 'Tragic' Series Finale, Looking Ahead to 'Legacies' |url=https://variety.com/2018/tv/features/the-originals-series-finale-julie-plec-interview-1202890282/ |access-date=20 November 2025 |magazine=Variety}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2014, Holt waxaa lala xiriiriyay CBS ''[[Supergirl (TV series)|Supergirl]]'', inkastoo ay dooratay inaysan daba-gelin.&lt;ref name=&quot;20141209comicbook-claire&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://comicbook.com/2014/12/09/claire-holt-not-expected-to-play-kryptons-supergirl-/ |title=Claire Holt Not Expected To Play Supergirl |publisher=Comicbook.com |first=Andrew |last=Steinbeiser |date=9 December 2014 |access-date=2 October 2017 |archive-date=1 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001213519/http://comicbook.com/2014/12/09/claire-holt-not-expected-to-play-kryptons-supergirl-/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay ka dhex muuqatay taxanaha dhacdada [[NBC]] ''[[Aquarius (American TV series)|Aquarius]]'' oo ahayd Charmain Tully. 2016, waxaa loo jilay majaajilada jaceylka ah [[The Divorce Party]], iyada oo ciyaareyso doorka Susan.&lt;ref name=&quot;20161104projectcasting&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.projectcasting.com/casting-calls-acting-auditions/divorce-party-atlanta-casting-call-featured-roles |title='The Divorce Party' Casting Call for Featured Roles |publisher=ProjectCasting.com |date=4 November 2016 |access-date=2 October 2017 |archive-date=3 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171003124457/http://www.projectcasting.com/casting-calls-acting-auditions/divorce-party-atlanta-casting-call-featured-roles |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Isla sanadkaas, Holt waxaa lagu jilay filimka argagaxa leh &quot;Wolf in the Wild&quot;, oo ay weheliso [[Frank Grillo]], inkasta oo mashruuca aan la soo gabagabayn. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lang |first=Brent |date=2016-05-04 |title=Cannes: Frank Grillo to Star in Thriller ‘Wolf in the Wild’ (EXCLUSIVE) |url=https://variety.com/2016/film/festivals/frank-grillo-thriller-wolf-in-the-wild-1201766181/ |access-date=2026-07-09 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Holt waxay lahayd door hormuud ah sida Kayla ee [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] riwaayadda taxanaha ah ee tijaabada ah ''Doomsday'' ee 2017, inkasta oo ABC ay go'aansatay inaysan horay u socon soo saaridda bandhigga.&lt;ref name=&quot;20170302deadline&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://deadline.com/2017/03/claire-holt-female-lead-doomsday-abc-drama-pilot-1202034909/ |title=Claire Holt To Topline 'Doomsday' ABC Drama Pilot |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |first=Nellie |last=Andreeva |date=2 March 2017 |access-date=12 March 2017 |archive-date=12 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312033537/http://deadline.com/2017/03/claire-holt-female-lead-doomsday-abc-drama-pilot-1202034909/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale sanadkaas, Holt waxay jishay sida Kate ee filimka argagaxa leh ee badbaadada biyaha hoostooda [[47 Meters Down]], oo ku xigtay [[Mandy Moore]] iyo [[Matthew Modine]], kaas oo lagu sii daayay tiyaatarada bishii Juun 16, 2017.&lt;ref name=&quot;20160725variety&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine |url=https://variety.com/2016/film/news/mandy-moore-shark-tale-47-meters-down-weinsteins-1201822542/ |title=Mandy Moore's Shark Tale '47 Meters Down' Bought From Weinsteins |magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |last=McNary |first=Dave |date=25 July 2016 |access-date=22 November 2016 |archive-date=23 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123054632/http://variety.com/2016/film/news/mandy-moore-shark-tale-47-meters-down-weinsteins-1201822542/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Holt waxaa markii hore loo qorsheeyay inay noqoto door ka tirsan filimka riwaayadda 2018 [[Irreplaceable You]] laakiin markii dambe way ka tagtay mashruuca.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lodderhose |first=Diana |date=2017-03-15 |title=Jacki Weaver, Timothy Simons, Claire Holt &amp; More Join ‘Irreplaceable You’ |url=https://deadline.com/2017/03/jacki-weaver-timothy-simons-claire-holt-alanna-masterson-gugu-mbatha-raw-christopher-walken-steve-coogan-round-out-cast-irreplaceable-you-1202044119/ |access-date=2026-07-09 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===2020s: Atarixi la aasaasay===
Sannadkii 2021, Holt waxay lahayd door hoggaamineed oo ah [[Untitled Horror Movie]]. Waxay sidoo kale la shaqaysay astaanta Andie Swim si ay u naqshaddeyso ururinta dabbaasha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theteenmagazine.com/actress-claire-holt-on-collaborating-with-andie-channel-your-inner-mermaid|title=Actress Claire Holt on Collaborating with Andie: Channel Your Inner Mermaid|date=9 August 2021|magazine=www.theteenmagazine.com|access-date=10 December 2021|archive-date=10 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210205906/https://www.theteenmagazine.com/actress-claire-holt-on-collaborating-with-andie-channel-your-inner-mermaid|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Nofeembar ee isla sanadkaas, waxay ka muuqatay taxanaha ''Originals'' spin-off ''[[Legacies (TV series)|Legacies]]'' sida Rebekah Mikaelson.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.tvline.com/news/legacies-season-4-rebekah-mikaelson-claire-holt-first-photo-1234739443/|title=''Legacies'' First Look: Claire Holt Brings Rebekah Mikaelson Back to Mystic Falls|date=8 November 2021|last=Swift|first=Andy|website=TV Line|access-date=10 December 2021|archive-date=10 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210202009/https://tvline.com/2021/11/08/legacies-season-4-rebekah-mikaelson-claire-holt-first-photo/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=You Won't Believe Which Vampire Diaries Alum Is Heading to Legacies |url=https://www.eonline.com/news/1308884/you-wont-believe-which-vampire-diaries-alum-is-heading-to-legacies |website=E! Online |access-date=17 October 2023 |date=9 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sannadkii 2022, Holt wuxuu mar kale ka muuqday ''Legacies'' oo ah Rebekah Mikaelson hal qayb, isagoo u ciyaaraya dabeecadda markii ugu dambeysay.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |title='Legacies' is staging a Mikaelson family reunion |url=https://ew.com/tv/legacies-mikaelson-reunion-originals-charles-michael-davis-nathaniel-buzolic-riley-voelkel-claire-holt/ |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |access-date=17 October 2023 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Oktoobar 2024, Holt waxay la shaqaysay shirkadda ganacsiga VEE Collective si ay u naqshaddeyso boorsooyinka VEE ee riyadeeda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Porter Line {{!}} Exclusive Collaboration with Claire Holt |url=https://www.vee-collective.com/pages/claire-holt |access-date=2024-10-25 |website=VEE COLLECTIVE |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nofeembar 2024 iyo 2025, Holt waxay ka qaybqaadatay marathonkeeda saddexaad iyo afraad iyo tiisii labaad iyo saddexaad ee magaalada New York, iyadoo la kaashaneysa [[Maybelline]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/reel/DB88fDlxY8v/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&amp;igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA== |access-date=2024-11-04 |website=www.instagram.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-11-02 |title=All the celebrities who ran the 2025 New York City marathon |url=https://www.the-independent.com/life-style/nyc-marathon-2025-celebrities-route-b2855054.html |access-date=2025-12-13 |website=The Independent |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Diseembar 2025, Holt waxaa wareystay [[E! News]] waxayna shaaca ka qaaday in ay fasax ka qaadanayso jilitaanka si ay diiradda u saarto korinta saddexdeeda carruur ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-12-13 |title=The Vampire Diaries' Claire Holt Reveals Why She Stepped Back From Acting |url=https://www.eonline.com/news/1426158/vampire-diaries-claire-holt-on-acting-break-leaving-hollywood |access-date=2025-12-13 |website=E! Online}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mashaariicda kale ==

=== Mareegaha iyo kanaalka YouTube ===
Janaayo 2023, Holt waxay ku dhawaaqday in ay furtay shabakad internet ah, taas oo toddobaad walba ay ka keeni doonto waxyaabo ay ka mid yihiin qurxinta, xulashada moodada, arrimaha hooyada iyo wax kaloo badan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Corner by Claire Holt |url=https://thecornerbyclaire.com/ |access-date=2024-06-11 |website=thecornerbyclaire.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Maarso 2026, Holt waxay abuurtay kanaal [[YouTube]] ah oo loogu magac daray mareegteeda, halkaas oo ay ku diiwaangeliso waqtiyada iyo marxaladaha kala duwan ee nolosheeda iyada oo sii mareysa [[Vlog|vlogs]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Corner By Claire Holt |url=https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUJvBh2hWphfpHweIo-Rw9Q |access-date=2026-03-18 |website=YouTube |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Moodada: Saint Sirène ===
Bishii Abriil 9, 2026, Holt waxay bilaabtay summaddeedii dhar ee ugu horreysay, ''Saint Sirène'', oo ay la kaashatay saaxiibkeed Madeline Simmer. Fikradda waxaa ka timid raadinta shaqsiyeed ee Holt ee funaanad cad oo buuxisay filashadeeda. Ka dib markii ay la xiriirtay asxaabta iyo dhageystayaasheeda Instagram, waxay ururisay jawaab celin muujinaysa niyad-jabka caadiga ah iyo baahiyaha aan la daboolin. Iyada oo ka duuleysa jawaab-celintaan, Holt iyo Simmer waxay ku qaateen sannad horumarinta summada, iyaga oo diiradda saaraya saddex gooyay oo kala duwan oo loogu talagalay in lagu gaaro funaanad cad oo ku habboon. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Werner |first=Kaleigh |date=2026-04-09 |title=Actress Claire Holt Launches Her First Fashion Brand |url=https://wwd.com/pop-culture/new-fashion-releases/claire-holt-fashion-brand-launch-1238894301/ |access-date=2026-04-09 |website=WWD |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Saint Sirène {{!}} The Perfect White Tee |url=https://saintsirene.com/ |access-date=2026-04-09 |website=Saint Sirène |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Holt iyo Simmer waxay qorsheynayaan inay ballaariyaan safkooda dharka mustaqbalka.

=== Dood-cilmiyeedka ===
Bishii Nofeembar 2022, Holt waxay go'aansatay in ay wado Marathon-ka Magaalada New York si ay khidmaddeda ugu tabarucdo [[Boston Children's Hospital]] wadarta guud ee {{Currency|162,000}}. Holt waxay u orodday {{Convert|42.2|km|mi}} iyadoo gaartay hadafkeeda ugu weyn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=What it's like to run the NYC marathon. |url=https://thecornerbyclaire.com/blogs/journal/i-ran-the-nyc-marathon |access-date=2024-06-11 |website=thecornerbyclaire.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Oktoobar 2024, Holt waxay ordaysay marathonkeeda labaad ee Chicago, iyadoo ururisay in ka badan {{Currency|100,000}} si ay ugu darto [[Boston Children's Hospital]] {{Currency|250,000}} ay hore u soo ururisay.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chakrabarty |first=Prasun |date=2024-10-13 |title=Having Raised $250,000, ‘Vampire Diaries’ Star Claire Holt to Run in Chicago Marathon for a Noble Cause |url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/us-sports-news-olympics-news-track-and-field-news-having-raised-two-lacs-fifty-thousands-vampire-diaries-star-claire-holt-to-run-in-chicago-marathon-for-a-noble-cause/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=EssentiallySports |language=en |archive-date=2025-03-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250318180639/https://www.essentiallysports.com/us-sports-news-olympics-news-track-and-field-news-having-raised-two-lacs-fifty-thousands-vampire-diaries-star-claire-holt-to-run-in-chicago-marathon-for-a-noble-cause/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mohan |first=Isabel |date=2024-10-14 |title=Claire Holt Wins PB at Chicago Marathon 11 Months After Third Baby |url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/claire-holt-wins-pb-at-chicago-marathon-11-months-after-third-baby/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=Us Weekly |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Muuqaalada kale ===
Podcast: ''Evergreen'' (2023), sida Dagny Isaacs.

== Nolosha shaqsiga ah ==
Bishii Luulyo 2015, Holt waxay guursatay saaxiibkeed mudada dheer, soo saaraha telefishanka [[Matt Kaplan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;people20150714&quot;&gt;{{cite news|date=14 July 2015|title=Claire Holt Is Engaged! Check out the Aquarius Actress's Ring|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|url=http://www.people.com/article/claire-holt-announces-engagement-instagram|access-date=30 April 2016|archive-date=15 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150915175836/http://www.people.com/article/claire-holt-announces-engagement-instagram|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Labadaas waxay is guursadeen Abriil 28, 2016.&lt;ref name=&quot;aol20160429&quot;&gt;{{cite news|date=29 April 2016|title=Former 'The Originals' star Claire Holt gets married|publisher=[[AOL]]|url=http://www.aol.com/article/2016/04/29/former-the-originals-star-claire-holt-gets-married/21357082/|access-date=30 April 2016|archive-date=11 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160711220630/http://www.aol.com/article/2016/04/29/former-the-originals-star-claire-holt-gets-married/21357082/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Abriil 27, 2017, Kaplan wuxuu u gudbiyay furriin Holt, isagoo ku sababeeyay &quot;khilaaf aan la heshiin karin&quot;. Holt ayaa markaas dacwo ku soo oogtay 2 May 2017, iyadoo sidoo kale codsatay in magaceeda laga beddelo Kaplan oo loogu celiyo Holt.&lt;ref name=&quot;people20170504&quot;&gt;{{cite news|date=4 May 2017|title=''The Originals''{{'}} Actress Claire Holt's Husband Files for Divorce One Day Before 1-Year Anniversary|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|url=http://people.com/tv/claire-holt-divorcing-husband-files-one-day-before-1-year-anniversary/|access-date=5 May 2017|archive-date=28 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228023254/https://people.com/tv/claire-holt-divorcing-husband-files-one-day-before-1-year-anniversary/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bishii Diseembar 3, 2017, Holt waxay ku dhawaaqday hawlgelinteeda madaxa guryaha ma-guurtada ah [[Andrew Joblon]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-12-03 |title=Vampire Diaries' Claire Holt Engaged to Andrew Joblon |url=https://www.eonline.com/news/897802/vampire-diaries-claire-holt-engaged-to-andrew-joblon |access-date=2026-09-15 |website=E! Online}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bishii Maarso 5, 2018, Holt waxay ku muujisay [[Instagram]] in ay soo martay [[miscarriage|ilmo soo ridis]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/Bf66AdbFiEh/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/Bf66AdbFiEh |archive-date=24 December 2021 |url-access=limited|title=Claire Holt on Instagram: &quot;I took this photo 10 days ago, as I waited for surgery after my sweet little baby lost its heartbeat. I sent it to my fiancé in the waiting...&quot; |website=Instagram |language=en |access-date=11 March 2018}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt; Holt iyo Joblon waxay is guursadeen Agoosto 18, 2018.&lt;ref name=&quot;usweek20180819&quot;&gt;{{cite news|date=19 August 2018|title=The Originals' Claire Holt Marries Andrew Joblon: See Her Wedding Dress|work=US Weekly|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/the-originals-claire-holt-marries-andrew-joblon/|access-date=19 August 2018|archive-date=5 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805105431/https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/the-originals-claire-holt-marries-andrew-joblon/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waxay leeyihiin saddex carruur ah: laba wiil (oo dhashay 2019 iyo 2023)&lt;ref name=&quot;people20190329&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|date=29 March 2019|title=Meet James! Claire Holt Welcomes a Son with Husband Andrew Joblon|url=https://people.com/parents/claire-holt-welcomes-son-james/|magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]]|access-date=9 June 2019|archive-date=30 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330143510/https://people.com/parents/claire-holt-welcomes-son-james/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Claire Holt Welcomes Baby No. 3, a Son, with Husband Andrew Joblon |url=https://people.com/claire-holt-welcomes-baby-no-3-with-husband-andrew-joblon-8382606 |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=Peoplemag |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; iyo gabadh (dhalatay 2020).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=13 September 2020|title=Claire Holt Welcomes Daughter Elle: 'She Flew Into the World and Expanded Our Hearts'|url=https://people.com/parents/claire-holt-welcomes-daughter-elle/|website=PEOPLE.com|language=EN|access-date=14 September 2020|archive-date=15 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915120231/https://people.com/parents/claire-holt-welcomes-daughter-elle/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Holt waxay ku dhawaaqday in ay noqotay muwaadin Maraykan ah bishii Nofeembar 2019.&lt;ref name=&quot;insta20191121&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/B5I2W8WgI60/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108045520/https://www.instagram.com/p/B5I2W8WgI60/ |archive-date=8 November 2022 |url-access=limited|title=Claire Holt on Instagram: &quot;Pretty special day for me today. I'M GOING TO BE A VOTER!&quot; |website=Instagram |language=en |date=21 November 2019 |access-date=15 December 2020|url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Filimada==
[[File:Claire Holt 2012.jpg|thumb|upright=0.70|Holt at the [[Ian Somerhalder]] Foundation's Influence Affair Red Carpet 2012.]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;
|+ Doorka filimada
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Magaca
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Doorka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Xusuusin
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2009
| ''[[Messengers 2: The Scarecrow]]''
| {{sortname|Lindsay|Rollins|nolink=1}}
|
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2012
| ''[[Blue Like Jazz (film)|Blue Like Jazz]]''
| Penny
|
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2017
| ''[[47 Meters Down]]''
| Kate
|
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2019
| ''{{sortname|The|Divorce Party}}''
| Susan Brown
|
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2019
| ''{{sortname|A|Violent Separation}}''
| {{sortname|Abbey|Campbell|nolink=1}}
|
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2021
| ''[[Untitled Horror Movie]]''
| Kelly
| Sidoo kale soo-saare sare
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;
|+ Doorarka telefishanka
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Magaca
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Doorka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Xusuusin
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2006–2008
| ''[[H2O: Just Add Water|H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O: Just Add Water]]''
| {{sortname|Emma|Gilbert|nolink=1}}
| Doorka ugu weyn (xilliyada 1–2), 51 qaybood
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2011
| ''[[Mean Girls 2]]''
| {{sortname|Chastity|Meyer|nolink=1}}
| Filimka telefishanka&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/mean-girls-2/cast/309194/ |title=Mean Girls 2 |work=[[TV Guide]] |access-date=2 October 2017 |archive-date=13 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313192227/https://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/mean-girls-2/cast/309194/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| ''[[Pretty Little Liars]]''
| {{sortname|Samara|Cook|nolink=1}}
| Doorka martida (xilliga 1); doorka soo noqnoqda (xilliga 2); 5 qaybood
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2011–2014
| ''{{sortname|The|Vampire Diaries}}''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | {{sortname|Rebekah|Mikaelson|nolink=1}}
| Doorka soo noqnoqda (xilliyada 3-4); doorka martida (xilliga 5); 38 qaybood
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2013–2018
| ''{{sortname|The|Originals|dab=TV series}}''
| Doorka ugu weyn (xilliga 1); doorka soo noqnoqda (xilliyada 2–5); 37 qaybood
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2015–2016
| ''[[Aquarius (American TV series)|Aquarius]]''
| {{sortname|Charmain|Tully|nolink=1}}
| Doorka ugu weyn; 22 qaybood
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2021–2022
| ''[[Legacies (TV series)|Legacies]]''
| {{sortname|Rebekah|Mikaelson|nolink=1}}
| Doorka martida gaarka ah; 2 qaybood&lt;ref name=&quot;Season4Episode15Legacies&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.tvline.com/casting-news/legacies-marcel-kol-season-4-episode-15-rebekah-freya-1234813184/|title=''Legacies'': Charles Michael Davis and Nathaniel Buzolic to Appear as Marcel and Kol in Season 4 Episode|website=TVLine|first=Andy|last=Swift|date=24 March 2022|access-date=24 March 2022|archive-date=25 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325025821/https://tvline.com/2022/03/24/legacies-marcel-kol-season-4-episode-15-rebekah-freya/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2023
| ''[[Based on a True Story (TV series)|Based on a True Story]]''
| Qoraa TV ah 
| Qeybta: &quot;Ted Bundy Bottle Opener&quot;
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;
|+ Doorarka muqaalka muusikada
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Heesta
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Fannaanka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Xusuusin
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2014
| &quot;We Are Done&quot;
| [[The Madden Brothers]]
|
|-
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2017
| &quot;Small Town Boy&quot;
| [[Dustin Lynch]]
|
|}

==Abaalmarinnada iyo magacaabista==
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;margin-right: 0;&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Sannadka
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Abaalmarinta
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Qeybta
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Shaqada
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Natiijada
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Tixraacyada
|-
| 2014
| scope=&quot;row&quot; | ''[[Teen Choice Awards]]''
| Atarixada TV-ga ee la doortay: Sci-Fi/Fantasy
| ''[[The Originals (TV series)|The Originals]]''
| {{nom}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | &lt;ref name=&quot;20140618teenchoiceawards&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://teenchoiceawards.com/tcnews.aspx |title=First Wave of 'Teen Choice 2014' Nominees Announced |date=18 June 2014 |publisher=[[Teen Choice Awards]] |access-date=18 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701143335/http://www.teenchoiceawards.com/tcnews.aspx |archive-date=1 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

==Tixraacyada==
{{reflist|2}}

==Xiriirinta dibadda==
{{commons category|Claire Holt}}
{{wikiquote}}
*{{Twitter}}
*{{IMDb name}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Holt, Claire}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Xisbiga Siyaasadda ee Tayo</title>
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      <text bytes="4701" sha1="tprqnscwlwr523gwswhf72fu8id3axj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox political party
| colorcode         = {{party color|Tayo (political party)}}
| name              = Xisbiga Siyaasadda ee Tayo
| native_name       = {{lang|so|Xisbiga Siyaasadda ee Tayo}}
| founder           = Maxamed Cabdullaahi Farmaajo
| secretary_general = [[Maxamed Cabdulaahi Farmaajo]]
| chairperson       = [[Maryam Qaasim]]
| foundation        = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2012}}
| ideology          = {{UBL|class=nowrap
 | [[Civic nationalism|Waddaniyadda Madaniga ah]]
 | [[Economic liberalism|Xorriyadda Dhaqaalaha]]
 | [[Green liberalism|Xorriyadda Deegaanka]]
 | [[Progressivism|Horusocodnimada]]
 | [[Secular liberalism|Xorriyadda Maandhexaadka ah]]
 | [[Social liberalism|Xorriyadda Bulshada]]
}}
| headquarters      = [[Mogadishu|Muqdisho]]
| colours           = {{Color box|{{party color|Tayo (political party)}}|border=darkgray}} [[Light blue|Buluug furan]]
| country           = Soomaaliya
| abbreviation      = TPP
| native_name_lang  = so
| slogan            = ''Tayo, Talo-Wadaag iyo Tubta Toosan''
| position          = [[Centrism|Dhexdhexaad]]
}}

'''Xisbiga Siyaasadda ee Tayo''' ('''TPP'''; {{Langx|so|Xisbiga Siyaasadda ee Tayo}}), oo badanaaba loo yaqaano '''Tayo''', waa xisbi siyaasadeed oo ilaalinta xorriyadda u taagan oo ka jira Soomaaliya oo la dhisay sannadkii 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 May 2015 |title=Warsaxafadeed: Xisbiga Tayo Party oo walac ka qaba dhismaha gudiga doorashada ee ay Xukuumadda Somalia Magacowday |url=https://www.ceegaag.com/warsaxafadeed-xisbiga-tayo-party-oo-walac-ka-qaba-dhismaha-gudiga-doorashada-ee-ay-xukuumadda-somalia-magacowday/ |access-date=2025-03-20 |website=Ceegaag Online}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taariikhda ==
=== Dhisiddii ===
Xisbiga Siyaasadda ee Tayo waxaa dhisay bilowgii 2012 [[List of prime ministers of Somalia|Ra'iisul Wasaarihii]] hore ee Soomaaliya [[Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed|Maxamed Cabdullaahi Maxamed]], oo loo yaqaano Farmaajo, iyo xubno ka tirsanaa golihiisii wasiirrada ee hore. Magaca xisbiga, ''Tayo''—oo macnaheedu yahay ''&quot;tayada&quot;'' af Soomaaliga—waxaa loogu talagalay inuu muujiyo sifaadka wanaagsan ee maamulkii gaabnaa ee Farmaajo intii u dhexaysay 2010 iyo 2011.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 March 2016 |title=SomaliaReport: Former PM Farmajo Forms New Political Party |url=http://www.somaliareport.com/index.php/post/2999 |access-date=2025-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001111/http://www.somaliareport.com/index.php/post/2999 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Farmaajo wuxuu u tartamay [[2012 Somali presidential election|doorashadii madaxweynaha Soomaaliya ee 2012]], halkaas oo uu galay koodka todobaad wareegii ugu horreeyay.

=== Xisbiga talada haya ===
[[2017 Somali presidential election|Doorashadii madaxweynaha Soomaaliya ee 2017]], Farmaajo waxaa loo doortay [[President of Somalia|Madaxweynaha Soomaaliya]] oo ay doorteen xubnaha [[Federal Parliament of Somalia|Baarlamaanka Federaalka]], taas oo muujisay noqoshada Tayo ee xisbiga talada haya ee ''de facto'' ah. Dhowr xubnood oo ka tirsan Tayo ayaa loo magacaabay xilal muhiim ah ee dowladda, oo ay ka mid tahay [[Maryam Qaasim]], oo ahayd guddoomiyaha xisbiga, oo noqotay [[Ministry of Humanitarianism (Somalia)|Wasiirka Gargaarka iyo Maareynta Basiirada]].

Farmaajo wuxuu doonayay in dib loo doorto [[2022 Somali presidential election|doorashadii madaxweynaha ee 2022]] balse waxaa wareegii saddexaad ee codbixinta ku dhiibay madaxweynihii hore [[Hassan Sheikh Mohamud|Xasan Sheekh Maxamud]], oo ah hoggaamiyaha mucaaradka [[Union for Peace and Development Party|Xisbiga Midowga Nabadda iyo Horumarka]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Somalia elects new president after long overdue elections |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/5/15/somalia-elects-hassan-sheikh-mohamud-as-president |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taariikhda doorashooyinka ==

=== Doorashooyinka madaxweynaha ===
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Doorashada
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Musharax
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; | Wareega 1aad
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Wareega 2aad
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Wareega 3aad
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Natiijada
|-
! Codadka
! %
! Codadka
! %
! Codadka
! %
|-
! [[2012 Somali presidential election|2012]]
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; | [[Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed|Maxamed Cabdullaahi Maxamed]]
| 14
| 5.19
| –
| –
| –
| –
|{{no2|'''Waa laga helay''' {{Nay}}}}
|-
! [[2017 Somali presidential election|2017]]
| 72
| 22.02
| 184
| 56.44
| –
| –
|{{yes2|'''Wuu guuleystay''' {{Y}}}}
|-
! [[2022 Somali presidential election|2022]]
| 59
| 18.32
| 83
| 25.70
| 110
| 33.95
|{{no2|'''Waa laga helay''' {{Nay}}}} 
|}

== Tixraacyada ==
{{reflist}}</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>