Wikipedia swwiki https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwanzo MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.21 first-letter Media Maalum Majadiliano Mtumiaji Majadiliano ya mtumiaji Wikipedia Majadiliano ya Wikipedia Faili Majadiliano ya faili MediaWiki Majadiliano ya MediaWiki Kigezo Majadiliano ya kigezo Msaada Majadiliano ya msaada Jamii Majadiliano ya jamii Lango Majadiliano ya lango Wikichanzo Majadiliano ya Wikichanzo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Gadget Gadget talk Gadget definition Gadget definition talk 0 693 1234015 1233058 2022-07-22T08:14:04Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Wasemaji */ wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Swahili area.gif|right|thumb|Maeneo yenye wasemaji wa Kiswahili.]] [[Picha:WIKITONGUES- Iddy speaking Swahili.webm|thumb|Mfano wa kusema Kiswahili.]] '''Kiswahili''' ni [[lugha]] ya [[Kibantu, lugha|Kibantu]] yenye [[misamiati]] mingi ya [[Kiarabu]] (35%<ref>{{Cite web|title=BBC - Languages - Swahili - A Guide to Swahili - 10 facts about the Swahili language|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/other/swahili/guide/facts.shtml|work=www.bbc.co.uk|accessdate=2022-05-17|language=en}}</ref>), lakini sasa ya [[Kiingereza]] pia (10%), inayozungumzwa katika eneo kubwa la [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]. Lugha hii ina [[utajiri]] mkubwa wa misamiati, misemo, [[methali]], ma[[shairi]], ma[[fumbo]], [[kitendawili|vitendawili]] na [[nyimbo]]. Kiswahili hutumika kufundishia [[Shule|shuleni]] na kuna [[vitabu]] vingi vilivyotungwa kwa kutumia lugha hiyo, vikiwa pamoja na vile vya [[hadithi]], [[hekaya]] au [[riwaya]]. == Historia ya lugha == {{kuu|Historia ya Kiswahili}} [[File:Askari makumbusho matini Kiswahili - Kiarabu chanzo.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Kiswahili kilianza kuandikwa kwa [[herufi]] za Kiarabu pekee kwa [[karne]] nyingi: "Huu ni ukumbusho wa askari wenyeji Waafrika waliopigania katika Vita Kuu..." ''(Matini kwenye [[Sanamu ya Askari]], [[Dar es Salaam]])''.]] Lugha ilianza takribani miaka 800-1000 iliyopita katika [[mazingira]] ya vituo vya [[biashara]] vya pwani ambako [[mfanyabiashara|wafanyabiashara]] kutoka [[Uarabuni]], [[Uajemi]] na [[Uhindi]] walikutana na wenyeji [[Waafrika]]. Lugha kuu ya kimataifa ya biashara hiyo ilikuwa Kiarabu. Inaonekana ya kwamba lugha mpya ilijitokeza wakati wenyeji wa pwani, waliokuwa wasemaji wa [[lugha za Kibantu]], walipopokea maneno mengi hasa ya Kiarabu katika mawasiliano yao. Kwa hiyo [[msingi]] wa Kiswahili ni [[sarufi]] na [[msamiati]] wa Kibantu pamoja na maneno mengi ya Kiarabu. Imekadiriwa ya kwamba karibu theluthi moja ya maneno ya Kiswahili yana asili ya Kiarabu. Kando ya Kiarabu toka zamani pia kuna [[athira]] ya lugha mbalimbali kama [[Kiajemi]], [[Kihindi]] na [[Kireno]]. Kuanzia [[karne ya 20]] hadi sasa maneno mengi yamepokewa kutoka [[Kiingereza]], na katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Kifaransa]], lakini pia kutoka lugha nyingine, hasa Kiarabu. Kwa [[karne]] nyingi iliandikwa kwa [[herufi]] za [[Kiarabu]] (سواحلي sawahili au لغة سواحيلية lugha sawahiliya). Sarufi ya kwanza pamoja na [[kamusi]] iliandikwa mwaka [[1848]] na Dokta [[Ludwig Krapf]] huko [[Rabai Mpya]] / [[Mombasa]]. Kiswahili kilikuwa na [[lahaja]] nyingi kutokana na lugha mbalimbali za Kibantu zilizochangia katika eneo husika. Tangu [[karne ya 19]] lugha ilianza kuenea barani kwa njia ya biashara. Wakati wa [[ukoloni]] wa [[Uingereza]] lugha ilisanifishwa na [[Kamati ya kimaeneo ya lugha ya Kiswahili]] kwenye msingi wa lahaja ya [[Unguja]]. == Wasemaji == [[Picha:Maeneo penye wasemaji wa Kiswahili.png|thumb|Kiswahili barani Afrika.]] Hakuna [[hakika]] kuhusu [[idadi]] ya wasemaji wa lugha hiyo; [[idadi]] zinazotajwa zinatofautiana, lakini ni kati ya [[milioni]] 100 na 200 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Swahili|url=https://clp.arizona.edu/swahili|work=Critical Languages Program|date=2016-04-12|accessdate=2020-01-30|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504081655/https://clp.arizona.edu/swahili|archivedate=2019-05-04}}</ref>, kwa sababu wasemaji wanaoitumia kama [[lugha ya kwanza]] hawapungui milioni 20, na wasemaji wanaoitumia kama [[lugha ya pili]] ni zaidi ya milioni 90. Tena idadi ya wasemaji wa lugha ya kwanza inakua haraka, kwa sababu lugha inaenea katika maeneo ambapo hapo awali lugha nyingine zilitawala; hasa katika [[Mji|miji]] ya [[Tanzania]] imekuwa lugha kuu, badala ya [[lugha ya kikabila|lugha za kikabila]], kutokana na mchanganyiko wa watu hata ndani ya [[nyumba]] moja, kama vile [[ndoa|wanapooana]] watu wa makabila tofauti, jambo ambalo limekuwa la kawaida hasa [[Tanzania]], ambayo inaongoza kwa matumizi ya Kiswahili. Kwa watoto wengi kimekuwa [[lugha mama]]<ref>Kadiri ya Ulrich Ammon; Norbert Dittmar; Klaus J. Mattheier (2006). Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society. Walter de Gruyter. p. 1967. ISBN 978-3-11-018418-1 mwaka 2006 tayari Kiswahili kilikuwa lugha ya kwanza kwa asilimia 10 za wananchi wa Tanzania</ref>. Kati ya nchi nyingine ambapo Kiswahili kinatumika kuna [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Rwanda]], [[Burundi]], [[Msumbiji]], [[Somalia]], [[Zambia]], [[Malawi]] na visiwa vya [[Bahari Hindi]] kama [[Visiwa vya Ngazija]] ([[Komoro]]). == Lugha rasmi == Kiswahili kimekuwa [[lugha rasmi]] katika [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki]] na katika nchi zifuatazo: * '''[[Tanzania]]''': ni lugha ya taifa; ni lugha ya shule za msingi, lugha ya [[utawala]] [[serikali]]ni na [[mahakama]]ni; inatumika kote nchini, ma[[kanisa]]ni, [[Mskiti|misikiti]]ni, [[redio]]ni, kwenye [[runinga]] na idadi kubwa ya ma[[gazeti]]. Serikali inatakiwa kukiendeleza Kiswahili kwa sababu ni lugha ya taifa. Sera ya elimu ya mwaka 2015 imechagua Kiswahili katika miaka 10 ijayo kiwe [[lugha ya kufundishia]] katika ngazi zote, ikiwemo ile ya [[chuo kikuu]], ingawa utekelezaji wake umesimama. * '''[[Kenya]]''': ni lugha ya taifa tena lugha rasmi, sawa na [[Kiingereza]], baada ya [[rasimu]] ya katiba mpya kupitishwa tarehe [[4 Agosti]] [[2010]]; Kiswahili ni lugha ya kwanza ya mawasiliano kati ya wananchi wakikutana nje ya eneo lenye [[kabila]] moja tu; ni lugha inayofundishwa lakini si lugha ya kufundisha mashuleni; ni lugha inayotumika na [[polisi]] na [[jeshi]], ni lugha ya kuhutubia wananchi mjini na kitaifa; sehemu za [[ibada]] makanisani zinatumia Kiswahili; kuna gazeti moja tu la Kiswahili; sehemu za [[programu]] redioni na kwenye runinga ni kwa Kiswahili. Hata hivyo, lugha inachanganywa mara nyingi na Kiingereza na lugha za maeneo au za kikabila. * '''[[Uganda]]''': kimetangazwa kuwa lugha ya taifa tangu [[2005]]; iliwahi kuwa lugha ya taifa wakati wa utawala wa [[Idi Amin]]; wakati wa ukoloni ilifundishwa mashuleni ikaelekea kuwa lugha rasmi pamoja na Kiingereza lakini matumizi haya yalipingwa hasa na [[Buganda|Waganda]] hivyo [[Waingereza]] waliacha mipango hiyo. Ni lugha ya polisi na jeshi, hali ambayo imeleta ugumu kwa lugha kukubalika na wananchi wengi kutokana na [[historia]] ya [[utawala wa kijeshi]] Uganda; watu wengi bado hukumbuka hasa matusi ya wanajeshi waliowatesa wakisema Kiswahili. Lakini kuna maeneo ya Uganda ambako Kiswahili kinatumiwa na watu wengi kama lugha ya [[soko]]ni na [[barabara]]ni. Wona UBC, WBS tv. Mwaka 2005 bunge lilipiga kura kukifanya lugha rasmi ya pili kwa kuwa kinazungumzwa zaidi (nje ya Buganda). * '''[[Rwanda]]''': [[tarehe]] [[8 Februari]] [[2017]] bunge lilifanya Kiswahili lugha rasmi ya nne baada ya [[Kinyarwanda]], Kifaransa na Kiingereza. * '''[[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]''': Kiswahili ni kati ya lugha nne za kitaifa (pamoja na [[Kilingala]], [[Kiluba]] na [[Kikongo]]), pia lugha ya jeshi. Kiswahili kilifika [[mashariki]] ya nchi na misafara ya [[biashara ya watumwa]] na [[pembe za ndovu]] kutoka [[Zanzibar]] na pwani ya [[Tanganyika]]. Imeenea zaidi kati ya mchanganyiko wa wafanyakazi kwenye migodi ya [[Shaba]]. == Lugha ya kwanza, lugha ya pili == Kiasili Kiswahili kilikuwa lugha ya kwanza tu ya wakazi wa miji ya [[Waswahili]] kwenye pwani, katika sehemu za pwani pia kijijini. Baada ya kuenea kimekuwa lugha ya watu wengi mjini hasa Tanzania lakini pia Kenya. Kimeenea zaidi kama lugha ya mawasiliano na biashara pale ambako watu wa makabila mbalimbali wanakutana. Pamoja na nchi zinazotajwa hapo juu Kiswahili kinatumika Kaskazini mwa Msumbiji, Kusini kabisa ya Somalia, Mashariki mwa Burundi. Maeneo ya mpaka wa Tanzania kuna pia wasemaji kadhaa huko [[Malawi]] na [[Zambia]]. Tanzania na Kenya zilipokea wakimbizi wengi waliojifunza Kiswahili lakini hakuna uhakika kama bado kinatumiwa nao baada ya kurudi [[Afrika Kusini]], Rwanda, [[Sudan Kusini]], Somalia n.k. == Kimataifa == [[Image:Radio France International, Swahili Service 02.jpg|thumb|[[Radio France Internationale]] kwa Kiswahili.]] Lugha hii leo imekuwa na umuhimu mkubwa duniani kwa jumla, na hasa [[Afrika]], kwa sababu ya kuenea kwake nchi mbali mbali, na kukusanya kwake watu wa makabila na nchi kadha wa kadha wakaweza kufahamiana kwa lugha moja, hasa ilivyokuwa ni lugha mojawapo katika lugha kubwa za Afrika ambazo zinachukuwa mahala pa lugha za kigeni na [[Ukoloni|wakoloni]], kama [[Kiarabu]], [[Kiurdu]], [[Kiebrania]], [[Kireno]] na kadhalika. Leo imekuwa inatumiwa katika kusambaza habari katika vituo mbalimbali ulimwenguni kama vile [[Sauti ya Amerika]], [[BBC]], [[Deutsche Welle]], [[Monte Carlo]], [[Radio France Internationale|RFI]], na nchi nyinginezo kama vile [[Uchina]], [[Urusi]], [[Irani]]. Aidha, imekuwa ni mojawapo ya lugha muhimu zinazofundishwa katika vyuo vikuu nchini [[Marekani]], [[Uingereza]], [[Ulaya]] bara, [[Urusi]], [[Uchina]], na barani Afrika. Mwaka 2018 Afrika Kusini ilikubali Kiswahili iweze kufundisha shuleni kama somo la hiari kuanzia mwaka 2020. [[Botswana]] ilifuata mwaka 2020, na Namibia ina mpango kama huo. Pia [[Ethiopia]] na Sudan Kusini zimeanza kufundisha Kiswahili. == Maendeleo ya Kiswahili == Lugha ina maendeleo: inaweza kukua, kukwama au kufa. Athira nyingi hutokea bila mpangilio pale ambako wasemaji wanapokea maneno mapya, wanaacha kutumia maneno mengine au hubadilisha kawaida ya matamshi au sarufi. Haya yote hutokea pia katika uwanja wa Kiswahili. Kuna mzaha unaosimuliwa hasa Tanzania: Kiswahili kilizaliwa Unguja, kilikua Tanzania Bara, kikafa Kenya na kuzikwa Uganda. Hali halisi Kiswahili kina maendeleo yake katika nchi hizo zote labda zaidi [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] ambapo matumizi yake ni kwa njia ya lahaja za [[Kingwana]]. Lakini itategemea pia juhudi za serikali kama umoja wa lugha utatunzwa kwa sababu kuna athari nyingi kutoka lugha za kila eneo zinazoingia katika ukuzi wa Kiswahili kwa namna zinazotofauitiana. === Taasisi zinazokuza Kiswahili === Kuna taasisi zinazolenga kukuza na kuimarisha Kiswahili kama vile [[Taasisi ya Taaluma za Kiswahili]] (TATAKI) kwenye [[Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam]] pamoja na idara za Kiswahili katika vyuo vikuu vingine vya Kenya na pia Uganda. Nchini Tanzania kuna [[Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa]] ([[BAKITA]]) na [[Baraza la Kiswahili Zanzibar]] ([[BAKIZA]]) ilhali nchini Kenya kuna [[Chama cha Kiswahili cha Taifa]] ([[CHAKITA]]). BAKITA na CHAKITA pamoja na wawakilishi kutoka Uganda wanaandaa kuundwa kwa [[Baraza la Kiswahili la Afrika Mashariki]] ([[BAKAMA]]). Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili huendelea pia katika idara za vyuo vikuu vingi duniani, kwa mfano katika Institute National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales, [[jiji]]ni [[Paris]], [[Ufaransa]]. === Kamusi za Kiswahili === {{kuu|Kamusi za Kiswahili}} Kati ya shughuli muhimu za taasisi hizo, mojawapo ni kazi ya kukuza [[misamiati]] ya Kiswahili yaani kutafuta maneno mapya au kupanua matumizi ya maneno yaliyopo ili kutaja mambo ya maisha ya kisasa yaliyobadilika. Utunzi wa [[kamusi za Kiswahili]] hupanua elimu hiyo. ==Faida za kutumia Kiswahili kwa mataifa ya Afrika== Faida za kutumia lugha ya Kiswahili zinatajwa kama ifuatavyo: *1. Husaidia kuleta umoja wa bara zima. *2. Hudumisha utamaduni wa Kiafrika kuliko kufuata kasumba. *3. Hufanya Waafrika waamini zaidi mambo yao kuliko kutegemea tu ya kigeni. *4. Hurahisisha [[mawasiliano]] baina ya [[watu]] wa Afrika Mashariki. *5. Husaidia kuwa na mahusiano ya [[Biashara|kibiashara]] na watu mbalimbali. *6. Ni [[ishara]] ya kuwa huru na kushikamana. *7. Ni [[utambulisho]] wa jamii husika (utaifa). *8. Husaidia kukuza na kuendeleza [[sanaa]]. *9. Husaidia kuimarisha [[ulinzi]] na [[usalama]] katika taifa husika. *10. Husaidia kupata [[ajira]] katika [[chuo|vyuo]] na [[shule]] mbalimbali zinazofundisha [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswahili]] hata nje ya nchi. *11. Husaidia kuongeza [[idadi]] ya [[wanafunzi]] wa lugha hiyo watakaofanya vizuri katika masomo kwa kuyaelewa zaidi. *12. Husaidia kuikuza na kuieneza ndani na nje ya jamii. ==Mengineyo== [[Siku ya Kiswahili Duniani]] ilianzishwa na [[UNESCO]] mnamo mwaka [[2021]] ili kuadhimishwa kila tarehe [[7 Julai]] kuanzia mwaka [[2022]]. == Tazama pia == * [[Historia ya Kiswahili]] * [[Uenezi wa Kiswahili]] * [[Lahaja za Kiswahili]] * [[Kamusi za Kiswahili]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} == Marejeo == * Ashton, E. O. 1944. ''Swahili Grammar (Including Intonation)''. London: Longmans. * Hinnebusch, T. J. 1979. "Swahili". Katika: T. Shopen (mhariri) ''Languages and Their Status'', uk. 209-293. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Winthrop. * Hinnebusch, T. J., and S. M. Mirza. 1979. ''Kiswahili: Msingi wa Kusema, Kusoma na Kuandika''. Lanham, MD: University Press of America. * Shihabdin Chiraghdin et [[Mathias E. Mnyampala]]. Historia ya Kiswahili. Oxford University Press, 1977. * Nurse, D. and Hinnebusch, T. J. 1993. ''Swahili and Sabaki: A Linguistic History''. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. * Ohly, Rajmund, Warsaw: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu warszawskiego, ** ''Język suahili'', *** Ⅰ. ''Zarys gramatyki'' ⅠⅠ. ''Wybór tekstów'', 1969 ; *** Ⅴ ''Teksty suahili w piśmie arabskim wraz z ćwiczeniami i wprowadzeniem metodologicznym'', 1972, ** ''Literatura suahili'', 1972. * Ohly, R., Kraska-Szlenk, I., and Podobińska, Z., ''Język suahili'', Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog, 1998. * Wald, B. 1987. "Swahili and the Bantu Languages". Katika: B. Comrie (mhariri) ''The World's Major Languages'', uk. 991-1014. New York: Oxford University Press. * Whiteley, W. 1969. ''Swahili: The Rise of a National Language''. London: Methuen. * Zawawi, S. 1971. ''Kiswahili Kwa Kitendo: An Introductory Course''. New York: Harper & Row. == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.language-archives.org/language/swh makala za OLAC kuhusu Kiswahili] * [http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/swah1253 lugha ya Kiswahili katika Glottolog] * http://www.ethnologue.com/language/swh * [http://www.ethnologue.com/language/SWA "Kiswahili, lugha moja ya Tanzania] (Kiingereza) * [http://research.yale.edu/swahili/learn/?q=en/home Jifunze Kiswahili] {{Wayback|url=http://research.yale.edu/swahili/learn/?q=en%2Fhome |date=20070821093340 }} (Kiingereza) * [http://www.kamusiproject.org Kamusi Hai ya Kiswahili/Kiingereza] * [http://africanlanguages.com/swahili/ Kamusi ya Kiswahili - Kiingereza] * [http://www.swahili.it/ Tovuti kwa Kiitaliano yenye maelezo mafupi kuhusu lugha ya Kiswahili, Kozi kwa mtandao na Kamusi ya Kiitaliano - Kiswahili] * [http://mwanasimba.free.fr/ Mwana Simba: Kiswahili? Hakuna matata!] {{Wayback|url=http://mwanasimba.free.fr/ |date=20070807162211 }} (Kiingereza/Kifaransa) * [http://www.swahili.at/ Swahili Literatur/Fasihi ya Swahili] {{Wayback|url=http://www.swahili.at/ |date=20050418140521 }} (Kijerumani/Kiswahili) * [http://www.kiswahili.at/ Woerterbuch/Kamusi Kiswahili/Deutsch Deutsch/Kiswahili] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kiswahili.at/ |date=20100211124551 }} (Kijerumani/Kiswahili) * [http://www.swahili.de/ Vitabu vya Kiswahili na du Kijerumani / Swahili-Buecher und Übungen] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNIGPJPSePo Mafunzo ya Kiswahili kwa video] {{makala nzuri sana}} {{African Union languages}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Swahili lugha rasmi ya Afrika Mashariki}} [[Jamii:Afrika]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Burundi]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Kenya]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Uganda]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Kibantu]] [[Jamii:Waswahili]] [[Jamii:Kiswahili|*]] [[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki]] papvdxl8wm3rzwuu38atjc7fie67gin 4 2104 1233993 1233970 2022-07-21T15:33:15Z Kipala 107 /* Kundi la Algoa */ wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji| ]] [[Jamii:Wikipedia]] <big>{{font color|red|'''Ongeza michango chini ya mstari wa mwisho!'''}}</big> <small>Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishwa kwenye kurasa hizi: * [[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji/Nyaraka 1|Nyaraka 1]] (2006-2010) * [[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji/Nyaraka 2|Nyaraka 2]] (2011-2013) * [[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji/Nyaraka 3|Nyaraka 3]] (tangu 2014) * [[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji/Nyaraka 4|Nyaraka 4]] (2017-18) * [[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji/Nyaraka 5|Nyaraka 5]] (2019) * [[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji/Nyaraka 6|Nyaraka 6]] (2020- 21) :::<big>'''Utaratibu wa ufutaji'''</big>: Kama yeyote anaona makala haifai, ataweka msimbo wa '''<nowiki>{{futa}}</nowiki>''' juu ya makala na kutaja sababu zake :::* a) kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano ya makala na :::* b) chini kwenye ukurasa huu kwa kuanzisha sehemu mpya chini ya kichwa '''<nowiki>==[[JINA LA MAKALA INAYOTAJWA KWA UFUTAJI]]==</nowiki>'''. :::* Azimio la kufuta si la huyu aliyeileta, ataamua mwingine. Tusubiri siku kadhaa ili mtunga makala au wengine wanaweza kuitetea au kuboresha. Tusifute haraka mno ili tusikatishe moyo wachangiaji wenzetu. :::* Isipokuwa '''uharabu unaoeleweka moja kwa moja''' unaweza kufutwa mara moja. Wachangiaji wanaoleta uharabu kwa kusudi wanaweza kubanwa kwa muda fulani au milele na wakabidhi. Tende la kumbana linapaswa kuelezwa angalau kifupi; kama ni kwa muda pia kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano wa mhusika. </small> <big>{{font color|red|'''Ongeza michango chini ya mstari wa mwisho!'''}}</big> __TOC__ =Makala ambazo hazikuamuliwa katika miaka ya nyuma= ==[[Chocheeni Kuni]]??== Sina uhakika juu ya hali ya hakimiliki katika Tanzania kuhusu matini ya nyimbo. Nashauri mtu ajaribu kupata kibali chake, au kutoa maelezo hapo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 16:38, 7 Mei 2015 (UTC) ::Tuhamishe wikichanzo? Bado sijui mambo ya hakimiliki'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' ==Makala zilizowahi kupata alama ya "futa" bila kuletwa hapa== <small>(zilipatikana wakati wa kukagua orodha ya "Viungo viungavyo ukurasa huu" kwa ukurasa wa "Kigezo:Futa", tarehe 18-03-2020)</small> # [[Alfagems Secondary School]] # [[Alien (kiumbe)]] # [[Amini Cishugi]] # [[Amini Cishugi]] # [[DJ LYTMAS]] # [[Emmaus Shule ya Biblia]] # [[JamiiForums]] # [[Kigezo:Ambox ‎ ]] '''IBAKI, inaonekana kwa sababu inataja "Delete" ndani yake''' # [[Kigezo:Ambox/hati ]] # [[Kisoli (ukoo)]] # [[Lango:Asia]] # [[Maneno Lusasi]] # [[Mbonea]] # [[Mtumiaji:AliceShine]] # [[Mtumiaji:Jabir Mking'imle]] # [[Mtumiaji:Mholanzi]] # [[Mtumiaji:Ramad Jumanne]] # [[Mtumiaji:Silverlombard]] # [[Mtumiaji:Tegel]] # [[Mtumiaji:Veracious/Draft]] # [[Nairobi fly]] # [[Orodha ya miji ya Kiswahili]] # [[Picha:Elizabeth Michael2016.jpg]] # [[Shinz Stanz]] # [[Shule za sekondari]] # [[Stopselcub]] # [[Tumaini Lenye Baraka]] # [[Ukaguzi wa masoko]] # [[Webico]] # [[Wikipedia:Istilahi za wiki/Kiingereza]] ==[[Fatma Juma Haji]]== Makala haifuati fomati, haina ushahidi wowote kuhusu umaarufu au ukweli wa habari, hakuan jamii wala interwiki. Isahihishwe katika wiki 1 au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 17:20, 1 Aprili 2020 (UTC) :Chanzo kimoja kimeongezwa, angalau tunajua yupo mwalimu kwenye barefoot college bila habari zaidi, lakini chanzo kingine hakielezi kitu. Habari karibu zote ni bila ushahidi, umaarufu haueleweki. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 19:22, 10 Aprili 2020 (UTC) ==Makala za [[mtumiaji:David rango]]== David ameleta makala kadhaa ambazo zote hazionyeshi vyanzo vyovyote, pia havilingani na masharti ya umbo. Hizo ni pamoja na [[Splitting Adam ‎]], [[Rags]], [[Betty in Newyork]], [[Secret Superstar]], [[Zig na Sharko]], [[Stitches]], [[School of Rock]], [[Starfalls]], [[Aidan Gallagher]], [[PAW Patrol]], [[Danger Force]], [[Nicky, Ricky, Dicky and Dawn]], [[Haunted Hathaways]], [[Transfomers: The Last Knight]], [[Zuchu]], [[Becky Lynch]], [[Sofia the first]], [[Rango (filamu, 2011)]], [[Big Time Rush]], [[Kung Fu Panda]], [[Power Rangers Ninja Steel]]. Sijapitilia kila moja lakini idadi kubwa niliyona haziwezi kubaki kama haziongezwi vyanzo na fomati kusahihishwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 15:15, 25 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) :Pia Pj masks. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 3 Novemba 2020 (UTC) ːBado hakuna dalili ya kwamba atazifanyia marekebisho tusubiri muda kidogo labda. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 08:59, 16 Novemba 2020 (UTC) ::: Nimejaribu kupitia baadhi ya makala, napendekezwa zifutwe, hazina umaarufu huku. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 08:45, 2 Juni 2021 (UTC) ::::Ukiona vile, basi futa! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 23:05, 6 Septemba 2021 (UTC) ==Michango ya [[mtumiaji:1z beat]] == [[World Wrestling Entertainment]], [[Air force one]], [[Ertugrul]], [[Kaan Urgancıoğlu]], [[Burak Özçivit]], [[Keith lee]] , :Hazina vyanzo, umbo si sanifu; mtungaji yeye yule ([[mtumiaji:1z beat]]); zisahihishwe au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:14, 26 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) ==[[Roboroach]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Ifutwe au kuboreshwa. Fomati haijafuatwa, haina vyanzo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Aneth David (SLU)|Aneth]]''' 12:59 11 Novemba 2020 UTC ==[[David cross]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Haina vyanzo vyovyote. Iboreshwe. '''[[Mtumiaji:Aneth David (SLU)|Aneth]]''' 13:02 11 Novemba 2020 UTC ==[[Maandamano ya 2020 katika Marekani]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Sioni maana ya makala. Maandamano ni jambo la kawaida katika nchi ya kidemokrasia. Makala haina chanzo chochote kuthibitisha chaguo la maanadamano yaliyoteua. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:45, 13 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ==[[Wachagga#Maoni_juu_ya_Wachagga]] == Sioni msingi kubaki na kifungu hiki. Hakuna ushahidi wowote, na kwa mkusanyiko wa maoni ambayo mchangiaji alibahatika kusikia, ni ndefu mno. Tunakosa habari za kimsingi kuhusu kundi hilo, lakini matini ndefu ya udaka kuhusu kundi hili. Ifutwe. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 19:46, 15 Januari 2021 (UTC) :Nadhani ukurasa wote kwa ujumla una marejeo machache sana na unahitaji marekebisho kwenye baadhi ya sehemu. Kipengele kilichopendekezwa kufutwa kina taarifa ambazo zinaweza kua sahishsi ila kinahitaji marejeo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Aneth David (SLU)|Aneth David (SLU)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Aneth David (SLU)|majadiliano]])''' 14:20, 2 Julai 2021 (UTC) ::Ukipenda kusahihisha, usahihishe. Menginevyo futa, '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 14:55, 2 Julai 2021 (UTC) ==[[Assassin's Creed Odyssey]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Sehemu ya pili haieleweki. Tafsiri ya kompyuta? Hakuna vyanzo vyovyote. Isiporekibishwa haraka, iende. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:27, 8 Machi 2021 (UTC) :Ifutwe, Haifa Bora na mpangilio abaya '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:24, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Mtumiaji:Stanley Steven]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Ni ukurasa wa mtumiaji alipoweka matangazo ya kibiashara. Nimemwonya tayari, naipeleka hapa nisisahau onyo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 16:48, 13 Machi 2021 (UTC) ==[[Sheria ya Mkutano wa Brussels ya 1890]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Makala inagusa mada muhimu katika historia lakini lugha ni mbaya mno. Nahisi ni tafsiri ya kompyuta ambayo haikuangaliwa tena. Haiwezi kubaki. Ama iandikwe upya kabisa , na kwa lemma tofaut (na sahihi), au ifutwe. Tena sijui amechukua wapi, kichwa cha Kiingereza kilikuwa kitu kama "Brussels Conference Act"; "conference act" ni maazimio ya mkutano, si "sheria". '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 06:14, 10 Julai 2021 (UTC) :Hie ifutwe tu, labda kma mwandishi angetaka kuboresha. Lugha na mpangilio mbaya unaweza kupotosha '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:24, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Peju Layiwola]]== Sehemu za matini hazieleweki. Ni tafsiri mbaya ya kompyuta. Itengenezwe kabisa au ifutwe. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:56, 12 Julai 2021 (UTC) ---Naomba kuipitia na kuitengeneza. :Kuna mto aliomba kuipitia na kutengeneza ila situi nani. Sina Hakika kama nilichoona sasa ni maboresho au la. Inaonekana sio mbaya sana ilivyo sasa japo inahitaji marekebisho zaidi. :Kama inabaki alama ya futa inaweza kutolewa '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:27, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Ulaya na Afrika]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Tafsiri ya kompyuta mbovu sana. Labda ieleweke kwanza. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:14, 12 Julai 2021 (UTC) :Ifutwe, kwanza haieleweki hata inahusu nini '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:27, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==Kurasa juu ya VVU/UKIMWI katika nchi za Afrika== Zisiporekebishwa, naona zifutwe zote. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:13, 4 Agosti 2021 (UTC) :Bado Hazina mpangilio mzuri, zinahitaji marekebsiho au kufutwa '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:29, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ===[[VVU / UKIMWI nchini Ethiopia]] '''IMEFUTWA'''=== Tafsiri mbaya ya kompyuta. Isahihishwe au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:48, 11 Agosti 2021 (UTC) ===[[UKIMWI nchini Uganda]] '''IMEFUTWA'''=== Makala jinsi ilivyo ni tokeo la google translate. Sentensi kadhaa za Kiswahili ni kinyume cha maana ya kiasili ya Kiingereza. Pamoja na hayo makala ya enwiki haileti picha halisi ya hali ya Ukimwi nchini Uganda. Ama iandikwe upya au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:59, 25 Agosti 2021 (UTC) ==[[Marimar]], [[Mi corazón es tuyo]], [[María la del Barrio]] '''ZIMEFUTWA'''== Makala hizo ziliundwa na mtumiaji mwenye matatizo ya lugha, sehemu kubwa ya matini haieleweki, hakuna vyanzo. Sioni maana kutumia muda kusahihisha makala isiyo na maana kwa wasomaji wetu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 08:33, 23 Septemba 2021 (UTC) :Hizi zifutwe moja kwa moja. Kuboresha ni sawa na kuanza upya '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:30, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Susan Headley]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Ifutwe. Chanzo ni hasa enwiki kisichokubalika, sehemu iliyotafsiriwa haina habari inayoonyehsa umuhimu wowote, inaonyesha tafsiri ya kompyuta. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:14, 5 Oktoba 2021 (UTC) :Iwapo mwandishi aliyeianzisha hatafanya mabadiliko, ifutwe '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:32, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Albert Gonzalez]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Ifutwe. Chanzo ni hasa enwiki kisichokubalika, maudhui kuna tafsiri ya kompyuta mbaya sana. Kama hakuna anayetaka kuiandika upya, iende tu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:18, 5 Oktoba 2021 (UTC) :Nakubaliana na were Kipala, ifutwe '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:32, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Mike Gogulski]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Ifutwe. Chanzo ni hasa enwiki kisichokubalika, maudhui kuna tafsiri ya kompyuta mbaya sana. Sehemu iliyotafsiriwa haionyesha umaarufu wowote. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:20, 5 Oktoba 2021 (UTC) :Nakubaliana na Kipala, makala ifutwe '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:22, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[William Genovese]] '''IMEFUTWA''' == Ifutwe. Chanzo ni hasa enwiki kisichokubalika, maudhui kuna tafsiri ya kompyuta mbaya sana. Umaarufu haueleweki. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:24, 5 Oktoba 2021 (UTC) :Napendekeza ifutwe '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:22, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Eddie Davidson]], [[Jay Cohen]], [[Max Butler]], [[Vitaly Borker]] '''ZIMEFUTWA''' == Makala zote nne zinatumia enwiki kama chanzo ambacho hakikubaliki, maudhui kuna tafsiri ya kompyuta mbaya sana. Sioni umaarufu kwa wote. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:32, 5 Oktoba 2021 (UTC) ==[[Ryutaro Araga]] '''IMEFUTWA''' == Makala haifuati fomati wala haikupangwa katika jamii. Iboreshwe au kufutwa.'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 08:40, 3 Desemba 2021 (UTC) :Napendekeza ifutwe, labda kama mwandishi atataka kuboresha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:21, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Joby Iblado]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Makala haifuati fomati wala haikupangwa katika jamii. Mtu mwenyewe ni maarufu kweli? Iboreshwe au kufutwa. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:32, 5 Desemba 2021 (UTC) :Napendiekeza ifutwe '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:20, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Uongozi baada ya mtume]] '''IMEFUTWA''' == Tafsiri ya kompyuta ya kutetea madhehebu fulani dhidi ya mengine. Irekebishwe au ifutwe. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:27, 16 Desemba 2021 (UTC) :Hie ifutwe tu. Ni makala kubwa ila haini mpangilio na amefanya tafsiri ya moja kwa moja '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:20, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Khaby Lame]]== Tafsiri ya kompyuta. Isahihishwe au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 06:42, 23 Desemba 2021 (UTC) :Inawezekana kurekebishwa ikishindikana ndio ifutwe '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:17, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Misingi ya Dini/Usul-din]]== Baada ya kuhariri kiasi nimetambua makala ni tafsiri ya sentensi kwa sentensi kutoka https://en.wikishia.net/view/Usul_al-Din. Sina uhakika kama hii inaruhusiwa tukizingatia kanuni za [[Wikipedia:Hakimiliki]]. Pamoja na hayo si nzuri tukichukua moja kwa moja lugha ya kidhehebu katika makala za kidini. Nilipoanza kuhriri niliona tayari kwamba makala hii ilisema mara kwa ma "Uislamu" ambako ni lazima kusema "Shia", kwa sababu mambo haiwezekani kudai vile kwa Waislamu wote, na kwa jumla Washia ni idadi ndogo zaidi duniani na Afrika ya Mashariki. Vilevile nilishangaa kidogo kuona walimu (maayatollah) wa dini ambao wanatajwa tu bila kuwaeleza (kama wote wangewajua), kumbe asili ni tovuti ya Kishia. Nataka kumpa mchangiaji "Pole". Ningependekeza atumie makala za en-wikipedia (ziko nyingi kuhusu Uislamu) ambako yuko huru kupanusha sehemu juu ya mafundisho ya Kishia. Ila tu hata kama Mkatoliki anachangia kuhusu mafundudisho ya kikatoliki, si sawa kutumia lugha inayodokeza mafundisho hayo ni "ya kikristo" kama madhehebu mengine yanatofautiana; ni sawa kabisa kuionyesha kama mafundisho ya kikatoliki. Hivyo ndivyo jinsi tunavyotakiwa kuandika kuhusu dini nyingine pia, hapa tukiweza kutambua tofauti zilizopo. Naomba majadiliano hapa na kwenye ukurasa wa ufutaji. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 18:49, 23 Desemba 2021 (UTC) :Ifutwe kwa sababu inaweza kupoteza wasomaji wasiojua uislam au hata kuleta mtafaruku '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:16, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Ndeiru]]== Makala haifuati fomati, haina ushuhuda wa kuwepo kwa msamiati huu. Kama upo uongezwe, kama la tufute? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 17:58, 27 Desemba 2021 (UTC) :Mimi sio mtaalamu wa lugha hivyo nasita sana kuchangia. Kama msamiati huu haujarasimishwa ni vizuri kufuta kwa sasa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:14, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) =Makala zilizoletwa hapa mwaka 2022= ==[[Tanzania Tech]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Nina mashaka kuhusu mada. Kwanza [[lemma]] "Tanzania Tech" ni tofauti na link inayofunguliwa "Tech Platform". Halafu naona dalili kwamba makala ni jaribio la mhariri kujitangaza (linganisha [[mtumiaji:Tech Platform]] ). Sioni dalili ya [[wikipedia:Umaarufu|umaarufu]] (link ya pekee inayodai tovuti ilijadiliwa imekufa, na inaleta IP ya mwenyewe). Halafu links zinaelekea tovuti mbili tofauti: https://www.tanzaniatech.one/ na https://techplatform6.blogspot.com/. Ile ya pili inajaa nafasi za kubofya "play" na "download" bila kuonyesha inahusu nini. Hii ni hatari. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 22:06, 11 Januari 2022 (UTC) :Napendekeza makala hii ifutwe. Haina umaarufu wala vyanzo '''[[Mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|Asterlegorch367]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asterlegorch367|majadiliano]])''' 07:13, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ::Basi futa. Nimepeleka mimi, ukikubali wewe - futa!° '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:33, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) :Nadhani hii ilibadilishwa kutoka makala halisi "Tanzania Tech" kuwa makala ya "Tech Platform" ambayo haitambuliki. Nadhani kuna haja ya kutoa nafasi kwa makala kuongezewa vyanzo ili kuendelea kuwepo kwani imekwepo tokea mwaka 2016. '''[[Mtumiaji:Amanijoseph87|Amanijoseph87]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Amanijoseph87|majadiliano]])''' 17:36, 13 Januari 2022 (UTC) ::Ndugu unaongeza wasiwasi. Makala haikuwepo tangu 2016 jinsi unavyosema; wewe ulianzisha 08:01, 2 Juni 2019. Ila matini inasema tovuti ilianzishwa 2020. Halafu uliingiza sasa habari kuwa "Tanzania Tech has raised a total of $1B in funding over 1 round." Hii inamaanisha nini? Bilioni USD moja???? Haiwezekani. Nanusu fake nzito. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 06:59, 14 Januari 2022 (UTC) :::Ok '''[[Mtumiaji:Amanijoseph87|Amanijoseph87]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Amanijoseph87|majadiliano]])''' 11:28, 19 Januari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Naogopa]]== Ni sawa na alivyoandika [[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] tarehe 7 Mei 2015 kuhusu [[Chocheeni Kuni]]: "Sina uhakika juu ya hali ya hakimiliki katika Tanzania kuhusu matini ya nyimbo. Nashauri mtu ajaribu kupata kibali chake, au kutoa maelezo hapo". Halafu: "Tuhamishe wikichanzo? Bado sijui mambo ya hakimiliki". --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:21, 1 Februari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Chasasa]] '''IMEREKEBISHWA'''== Nina wasiwasi kuhusu makala hiyo napendekeza ifutwe. Maana sijaona orodha ya kata au vijiji penye majina yale yanayotajwa humo. Naona shule ya sekondari ya Chasasa, hakuna nyingine. Pamoja na Kiswahili kibaya na tahajia yenye makosa mengi , tufute. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 19:44, 3 Februari 2022 (UTC) :Mji huo upo: [https://www.tripmondo.com/tanzania/pemba-north-region/wete-district/chasasa/]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:49, 4 Februari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Laverne cox]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Tafsiri mbovu, vyanzo visivyotakiwa. Ifutwe. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:59, 10 Februari 2022 (UTC) Binafsi naona ifutwe tuu kwasababu huyu mwenzetu amekwisha kupewa maonyo tangu hapo awali na hajataka kutafuta msaada wa kujifunza kuandika na kuhalili makala, nimechungulia jinsi ulivokua unamkumbusha lakina bado hajatekeleza yale aliyo ambiwa. -- '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' ==[[ Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Tafsiri mbaya, haieleweki, ifutwe au mtu awekeza muda wa kuboresha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:13, 16 Februari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse (Part Two)]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Tafsiri mbaya, haieleweki, ifutwe au mtu awekeze wakati wa kuboresha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:13, 16 Februari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Majadiliano:Spider-Man (filamu)]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Ni dhahiri tafsiri ya kompyuta iliyosafishwa kiasi tu. Makosa yanaobaki ( "kijana mwenye akili timamu" , kuaha Kiingereza kisichotafsiriwa) yanahitaji kusafishwa tena, au makala kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:13, 16 Februari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Ukomavu wa kijusi]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Makala haina maudhui, haina fomati wala vyanzo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 11:29, 17 Februari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Purificación Angue Ondo]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Haieleweki, sioni sababu ya kuwa na makala. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 20:10, 17 Februari 2022 (UTC) ==[[Kibengali (Bangla)‎‎]] '''IMEELEKEZWA UPYA'''== Makala haieleweki, naona kunahitaji maboresho zaidi, lakini pia mwanzo wa makala hiyo na makala ya Kiingereza bado kunaonekana kuna utofauti, Pia naona Kuna haja ya kuwa na Kigezo cha Makala zisizoeleweka, huenda kuna watumiaji wasio wazuri wa lugha ya Kiswahili wanaofanya tafsiri'''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' 17:26, 21 Machi 2022 (UTC) :Nimeelekeza ukurasa kwenda [[Kibengali]]. Siku hizi wengi wanaandika tena makala zilizopo tayari. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:38, 22 Machi 2022 (UTC) ==[[Siasa za Kenya]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Makala ni kopi kutoka [https://www.bbc.com/swahili/habari-60747793 BBC]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 08:01, 3 Aprili 2022 (UTC) ==[[Mtandao wa matangazo]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Makala haifuati fomati, haina vyanzo, kwa jumla haieleweki. Sijakuta kampuni yenye jina kama lemma. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 12:16, 3 Aprili 2022 (UTC) ==[[Rekodi rasmi za dunia]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Matini ni google translate. Anayependa aokoe, menginevyo ifutwe. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 18:43, 6 Aprili 2022 (UTC) ==[[Kuuawa kwa Javier Ambler]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Sioni sababu ya kuwa na makala hii. Ni kifupi kiasi kwamba haieleweki historia ya tukio ilikuwaje. Kuna kasoro katika umbo la makala. Ama iboreshwe na kupanuliwa sa, au ifutwe. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 22:01, 18 Aprili 2022 (UTC) ==[[Engelbert Pigal]] '''IMESAHIHISHWA'''== Matini ni google translate 1:1. Isahihishwe au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:56, 6 Mei 2022 (UTC) ==[[Haki kwa mazingira yenye afya]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== #. Makala haina chanzo kinachoweza kukubaliwa #. Makala ni fupi mno haina kitu nje ya ufafanuzi mfupi ambao hatuhitaji kwa sababu #. makala [[Haki ya kuwa na mazingira salama]] iko tayari. Ilhali makala hii hapa haina habari zaidi, ifutwe tu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 22:03, 16 Mei 2022 (UTC) ==[[Mtumiaji:M Nex Nex I]]== Si kujitangaza? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:50, 31 Mei 2022 (UTC) ::Tusikie wengine pia. Anajitangaza , lakini jinsi ilivyo sasa naona iko chini ya kiwango cha tangazo la kibiashara. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 20:10, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Fesikh]]== Tafsiri ya google 1:1, enwiki kama chanzo '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 16:30, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Echicha]]== Tafsiri ya google 1:1, enwiki kama chanzo Isahihishwe au kufutwa.'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 16:36, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Aframomum corrorima]]== Tafsiri ya google 1:1, enwiki kama chanzo Isahihishwe au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 16:44, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Gari ya kulowekwa]]== Tafsiri ya google 1:1 Isahihishwe au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 16:49, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Chikanda]]== Makala imeundwa kwa kutumia google translate 1:1 pamoja na makosa. Isahihishwe au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 20:07, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Namibian cuisine]]== Hii ni google translate kutoka https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namibian_cuisine, Isahihishwe kabisa au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:07, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Koeksister]]== Tafsiri ya google kutoka https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koeksister. Isahihishwe kabisa au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:07, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Samp]]== Tafsiri ya google kutoka https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samp. Isahihishwe kabisa au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:07, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Kube Cake]]== Tafsiri ya google kutoka https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kube_Cake. Isahihishe kabisa au kufutwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:07, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Qustul]]== Tafsiri ya google kutoka https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qustul iliyofupishwa na iliyosahihishwa kidogo, lakini muundo wa sentensi si Kiswahili. Isahihishe kabisa au kufutwa.'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:07, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Utalii nchini Rwanda]]== Kama juu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:07, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Maalum:Michango/Brian_whizzy]]== Naona makala nyingine za mtumiaji huo, sina muda sasa kupitilia zote. Ninahisi alitumia kote google translate. Zinazobaki ni [[Franco na Afro Musica]], [[Ngoma ya Sakara ]], [[Setapa ]], [[Casper Beatz]], [[Momo Wandel Soumah]], [[Laba Sosseh]], [[Maud Meyer]] na [[Utalii nchini Somalia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:14, 13 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[CLUB PLAYERS]], [[CLUB OFFICIALS]], [[Bahari United Profile]] '''ZIMEFUTWA'''== Makala hazilingani hata kidogo na fomati na maudhui ya kamusi elezo. Zifutwe. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:14, 20 Juni 2022 (UTC) ==[[Panishee Mdudu]] '''IMEREKEBISHWA; IBAKI'''== Huyo jamaa kwanza alijitungia ukurasa wake katika kamusi elezo, halafu ulipofutwa kwa sababu alitaka tu kujinadi alimuagiza mwenzake autunge tena kwa niaba yake. Sioni umaarufu wake, wala hamna vyanzo. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:33, 7 Julai 2022 (UTC) :Hapana Sioni sidhani Kama jamaa kawatuma watu pengine mchapishaji ataweka vyanzo, Mimi binafsi namtambua ni msanii kutoka Tanzania na anafahamika Link ya Makala iliyochapishwa na Mtandao maarufu wa muziki na burudani nchini Kenya Panishee mdudu au PANISHIT kwenye chart za muziki uliopakuliwa zaidi https://www.ghafla.com/these-are-the-top-ten-most-downloaded-songs-in-kenya/ Kuhusu Panishee Mdudu rejea pia kwenye mitandao yake ya jamii na kazi zake za kisanaa zinavyokubalika na watu wengi https://www.instagram.com/accounts/login/?next=/panisheemdudu/ sidhani Kama alichapisha mwenyewe kijinadi Link hii nyingine ni kutoka kwenye website kubwa Tanzania https://millardayo.com/rttn/ kuhusu habari zake na kundi lake Rotten Blood PANISHIT alifahamika zaidi baada ya kufanya wimbo aliomshirikisha Nakaay Sumari , pia alikuwa karibu na mkongwe wa hip hop , Nash Mc Hapana ukurasa huu ni halali , Mimi nipo Tanzania ambapo msanii huyu anajulikana kwenye jamii , rejea kazi zake zilizopo mtandaoni ,Vyanzo Vimeongezwa na vinazidi kuongezeka --'''[[Mtumiaji:Hip hop Sana Society|Hip Hop Sana Society]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:24, 7 Julai 2022 (UTC) ::Naona inaweza kubaki. Hata kama ni kweli alitunga mwenyewe awali, hata hivyo ni mwimbaji halisi. Nimeondoa sehemu za matini anapojisifu na kusimulia habari za maisha zisizo na shuhuda wowote. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 06:21, 19 Julai 2022 (UTC) ==[[Justin Yav Sony]] '''IMEFUTWA'''== Hakuna dalili za [[wikipedia:umaarufu]] wowote, hakuna vyanzo, Kiswahili kinajaa makosa. Ifutwe. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 06:11, 19 Julai 2022 (UTC) ==[[Malengo ya Kiswahili kuwa lugha ya taifa]]== Makala haina vyanzo wala ushuhuda; maudhui ya maana (ikiwa na vyanzo) yanaweza kuingia katika makala ya Kiswahili au ISasa ya lugha Tanzania. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 18:54, 20 Julai 2022 (UTC) ==[[Jinsi ya kuwekeza katika sarafu ya crypto mnamo 2022]]== Makala hailingani na masharti ya kamusi elezo. #inataja habari za pesa ya crypto kama "faida" tu, hakuna majadiliano kuhusu hasara. Makala haifuati [[Wikipedia:Msimamo wa kutopendelea upande]]. # inaelekeza kwenye ukurasa wa kibiashara # haina vyanzo Ifutwe. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:12, 21 Julai 2022 (UTC) ==[[Siku ya kilimo na maendeleo vijijini]]== Sioni maana ya makala hiyo; tukio halipo tena, liliadhimishwa kati ya wafanyakazi wa shirika chache tu, makala haieleweki vizuri. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:28, 21 Julai 2022 (UTC) ==[[Wanawake wa Tanzania]]== Makala haina habari halisi kuhusu lemma yake. Ingawa lemma inafaa kupata makala kubwa, maudhui hii haisaidii kitu. Inaonekana mchangiaji alianza kutafsiri maneno ya kwanza ya makala ya Kiingereza (ambayo ni dhaifu) halafu alichoka. Heri tuifute. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 08:15, 21 Julai 2022 (UTC) ==[[Kundi la Algoa]]== Ni tafsiri ya kompyuta iliyosahihishwa kidogo lakini bado haieleweki.'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 08:27, 21 Julai 2022 (UTC) 7ozbyq4d3t7s349wltg7l3j05j4qu2j 0 4297 1234027 1124668 2022-07-22T10:20:37Z 102.220.229.175 wikitext text/x-wiki [[picha:Shrine_of_Elijah_Masinde.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|Mahali patakatifu pa Elijah Masinde]] '''Dini ya Musambwa''' ni jumuiya ya kidini iliyoanzishwa na [[Elijah Masinde]] kati ya Wabukusu wa [[Kenya]] ya magharibi mnamo mwaka [[1943]]. "Musambwa" ni neno la Kibukusu chenye maana ya "roho, pepo". ==Elijah Masinde== Chanzo chake kilikuwa ufunuo ambamo Masinde alisikia sauti ya roho au mungu aliyejitambulisha kwa jina "Wele wa Musambwa". Wito la Musini ilikuwa kuwarudisha Wabukusu kwa dini na utamaduni asilia na kutangaza mwisho wa ukoloni kuwa karibu. ==Ibada== Wafuasi wa Dini ya Musambwa hutazama [[mlima Elgon]] kama mlima mtakatifu penye makazi ya roho au mungu huyu. Ibada yao ni kwa mungu Wele na mizimu kwa njia ya sala na sadaka. ==Uhusiano na serikali== Zamani waliambiwa kutolipa kodi na kutosomesha watoto wao kwenye shule za serikali. Kwa sababu kama hizo na upinzani wao dhidi ya serikali ya kikoloni kundi likapgwa marufuku. Baada ya uhuru likakubaliwa na serikali lakini kwa sababu ya mahubiri ya kisisasa ya Masinde likapigwa marufuku tena. Baada ya kifo cha Masinde mwaka 1987 idadi ya wafuasi ilipungua lakini kikundi hakikukwisha jinsi walivyotegemea wengine. ==Kundi leo== Katika miaka ya nyuma habari za wafuasi wake walisikika kwenye nafasi mbalimbali. Mwaka [[2001]] wafuasi 300 ya 'Dini ya Musambwa' waliripotiwa kuwa walikataa kuchanjwa kwa watoto wao dhidi ya ugonjwa wa [[polio]] wakidai ya kwamba chanjo hili lingeudhi amri za imani yao. Mwaka 2005 wafuasi wa Dini ya Musambwa wakiongozwa na Wamalwa Manai walipinga mipango ya kanisa katoliki la kuhamisha maiti ya marehemu [[Kardinali Otunga]] kutoka makaburi yake kwenda bustani ya [[Resurrection Gardens]] huko [[Nairobi]] wakidai ya kwamba tendo hili lapinga utamaduni wa Kibukusu. {{Lango|Kenya}} {{mbegu-dini}} [[Jamii:Dini za Kenya]]user@host# set system extensions extension-service application file filename routing-instance routing-instance-name bzes066dwwlk8qxgc65lg4nieb2j8h8 0 4648 1234017 1233927 2022-07-22T08:17:56Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Waliozaliwa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Januari}} Tarehe '''27 Januari''' ni [[siku]] ya [[ishirini na saba]] ya [[mwaka]]. Mpaka uishe zinabaki siku 338 (339 katika miaka mirefu). == Matukio == * [[98]] - [[Kaizari Traian|Trajanus]] anakuwa [[Kaisari]] wa [[Dola la Roma]] ambalo chini yake litafikia kilele cha uenezi wake * [[1695]] - [[Mustafa II]] anachukua nafasi ya [[Sultani]] wa [[Milki ya Osmani]] badala ya [[Ahmad II]] aliyefariki * [[1945]] - ukombozi wa [[Kambi ya Auschwitz]] na askari wa [[Jeshi Jekundu]] == Waliozaliwa == * [[1756]] - [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]], [[mtunzi]] wa [[muziki]] [[Austria|Mwaustria]] * [[1903]] - [[John Eccles]], mshindi wa [[Tuzo ya Nobel ya Tiba]] mwaka wa [[1963]] * [[1936]] - [[Samuel Ting]], mshindi wa [[Tuzo ya Nobel ya Fizikia]] mwaka wa [[1976]] * [[1960]] - [[Samia Suluhu Hassan]], [[rais]] wa [[Tanzania]] (tangu [[2021]]) == Waliofariki == * [[98]] - [[Nerva]], [[Kaisari]] wa [[Dola la Roma]] (tangu [[96]]) * [[672]] - [[Papa Vitalian]] * [[1540]] - [[Mtakatifu]] [[Angela Merichi]], [[bikira]] [[Utawa wa Tatu wa Mt. Fransisko|Mfransisko]] wa [[Italia]] * [[1887]] - Mtakatifu [[Yohane Maria Muzei]], [[mfiadini]] kutoka [[Tanzania]] ya leo * [[1901]] - [[Giuseppe Verdi]], [[mtunzi]] wa [[opera]] kutoka [[Italia]] * [[2009]] - [[John Updike]], mwandishi kutoka [[Marekani]] ==Sikukuu== [[Wakristo]] wengi, wakifuata [[mapokeo ya Roma]], huadhimisha [[kumbukumbu]] za [[watakatifu]] [[Anjela Merici]], [[Juliani wa Sora]], [[Juliani wa Le Mans]], [[Devota wa Biguglia]], [[Mario wa Bodon]], [[Papa Vitalian|Papa Vitaliani]], [[Theodoriko wa Orleans]], [[Gilduino]], [[Yohane Maria Muzei]], [[Enriko wa Osso]], [[Maria wa Yesu Santocanale]] n.k. *[[Kumbukizi ya Kimataifa ya Maangamizi ya Wayahudi]], kufuatana na azimio la [[Mkutano Mkuu wa UM]] la mwaka [[2005]] ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons|January 27|27 Januari}} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/27 BBC: On This Day] * [http://www1.sympatico.ca/cgi-bin/on_this_day?mth=Jan&day=27 On This Day in Canada] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20121208150851/http://www1.sympatico.ca/cgi-bin/on_this_day?mth=Jan&day=27 |date=2012-12-08 }} {{mbegu-historia}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Januari 27}} [[Jamii:Januari]] sp7eggrmo2vbqysrmofirnpxtpl28fa 0 18900 1233994 1180005 2022-07-21T16:04:43Z Ji-Elle 184 +pict wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Settlement |jina_rasmi = Kata ya Sinza |picha_ya_satelite = |maelezo_ya_picha = |pushpin_map = Tanzania |pushpin_map_caption = Mahali pa Sinza katika Tanzania |settlement_type = Kata |subdivision_type = [[Madola|Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Tanzania]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Mikoa ya Tanzania|Mkoa]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Mkoa wa Dar es Salaam|Dar es Salaam]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Wilaya za Tanzania|Wilaya]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Wilaya ya Ubungo|Ubungo]] |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 40546 |latd=6 |latm=47 |lats=42 |latNS=S |longd=39 |longm=15 |longs=58 |longEW=E |website = }} [[Picha:SINZA HOMES SCAPE.jpg|thumb|left|Sinza]] '''{{BASEPAGENAME}}''' ni jina la [[kata]] ya [[Wilaya]] ya [[Ubungo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Dar es Salaam]], [[Tanzania]] yenye [[postikodi]] [[namba]] '''16102'''<ref>https://www.tcra.go.tz/images/documents/postcode/dsm.pdf{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Kwa mujibu wa [[sensa]] iliyofanyika mwaka wa [[2012]], kata ina wakazi wapatao 40,546 waishio humo. <ref>http://www.meac.go.tz/sites/default/files/Statistics/Tanzania%20Population%20Census%202012.pdf {{Wayback|url=http://www.meac.go.tz/sites/default/files/Statistics/Tanzania%20Population%20Census%202012.pdf |date=20160303225919 }} Wilaya ya Kinondoni - Mkoa wa Dar es Salaam</ref> ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Ubungo}} {{mbegu-jio-TZ}} [[Jamii:Mbegu za jiografia ya Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Dar es Salaam]] [[Jamii:Wilaya ya Ubungo]] i9n1aj2psqikjgu87fnjffpc3imhhl0 1234012 1233994 2022-07-22T07:50:38Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Settlement |jina_rasmi = Kata ya Sinza |picha_ya_satelite = |maelezo_ya_picha = |pushpin_map = Tanzania |pushpin_map_caption = Mahali pa Sinza katika Tanzania |settlement_type = Kata |subdivision_type = [[Madola|Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Tanzania]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Mikoa ya Tanzania|Mkoa]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Mkoa wa Dar es Salaam|Dar es Salaam]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Wilaya za Tanzania|Wilaya]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Wilaya ya Ubungo|Ubungo]] |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 40546 |latd=6 |latm=47 |lats=42 |latNS=S |longd=39 |longm=15 |longs=58 |longEW=E |website = }} [[Picha:SINZA HOMES SCAPE.jpg|thumb|left|Sinza]] '''{{BASEPAGENAME}}''' ni [[kata]] ya [[Wilaya ya Ubungo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Dar es Salaam]], [[Tanzania]] yenye [[postikodi]] [[namba]] '''16102'''. Kwa mujibu wa [[sensa]] iliyofanyika [[mwaka]] wa [[2012]], kata ina wakazi wapatao 40,546 waishio humo. <ref>http://www.meac.go.tz/sites/default/files/Statistics/Tanzania%20Population%20Census%202012.pdf {{Wayback|url=http://www.meac.go.tz/sites/default/files/Statistics/Tanzania%20Population%20Census%202012.pdf |date=20160303225919 }} Wilaya ya Kinondoni - Mkoa wa Dar es Salaam</ref> ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Ubungo}} {{mbegu-jio-dar}} [[Jamii:Dar es Salaam]] [[Jamii:Wilaya ya Ubungo]] q2437ygxyd15ka98xwx3afwu0vs4c6c 0 32073 1233998 1211603 2022-07-21T20:26:45Z Kipala 107 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dhambi''' (kutoka [[Kiarabu|Kiar.]] ذنب ''dhanaba'' kukosa, kutenda dhambi au jinai<ref>Linganisha kamusi ya [[Ludwig Krapf|Krapf (1882), "thambi"]], </ref>) ni [[kosa]] la [[kiumbehai]] mwenye [[hiari]] dhidi ya [[uadilifu]] unaompasa. Inaweza kufanyika kwa mawazo, maneno, matendo na kwa kutotimiza [[wajibu]]. [[Maadili]] yanamuelekeza [[binadamu]] katika kutambua dhambi ni zipi pamoja na madhara yake. Kwa kawaida [[dini]] zinahusianisha kosa hilo na [[Mungu]] aliye [[asili]] ya uadilifu, kwa kuwa ndiye aliyeumba viumbe vyote na kuvielekeza [[Maisha|maishani]]. Akiwapa baadhi ya viumbehai [[akili]] na [[utashi]], papo hapo Mungu amewapa wajibu wa kufuata maelekezo yaliyomo katika [[utaratibu]] wa [[nafsi]] yao na wa [[ulimwengu]] wote. Katika dini zinazofundisha kwamba [[Mwenyezi Mungu]] alitoa [[ufunuo]] wake hata kwa njia ipitayo [[maumbile]], ni dhambi kwenda kinyume cha ufunuo huo, kwa mfano unavyopatikana katika [[vitabu]] vitakatifu vya dini husika, kama vile [[Biblia]] kwa [[Wayahudi]] na [[Wakristo]] na [[Kurani]] kwa [[Waislamu]]. Kutokana na uenezi wa dhambi kuanzia [[dhambi ya asili]], linajitokeza suala la [[wokovu]], ambalo linaweza kutazamwa zaidi kama [[neema]], lakini kwa kawaida linadai [[toba]] ya mkosefu. [[Kanisa Katoliki]] na hata baadhi ya [[madhehebu]] mengine ya Ukristo linaamini linaweza kuondolea dhambi yoyote katika [[ubatizo]] na [[kitubio]] kwa kutumia [[mamlaka]] ambayo [[Yesu]] [[Ufufuko wa Yesu|mfufuka]] aliwashirikisha [[Mitume wa Yesu|Mitume wake]] alipowavuvia akisema: “Pokeeni Roho Mtakatifu. Wowote mtakaowaondolea dhambi, wameondolewa; na wowote mtakaowafungia dhambi, wamefungiwa” ([[Yoh]] 20:22-23). “Mlikuwa watu wa namna hii; lakini mlioshwa, lakini mlitakaswa, lakini mlihesabiwa haki katika jina la Bwana Yesu Kristo, na katika Roho wa Mungu wetu” ([[1Kor]] 6:11). ==Aina za dhambi== ===Dhambi za ujinga, udhaifu na uovu=== Kwa ufupi, kadiri ya [[Kanisa Katoliki]], dhambi ya [[ujinga]] ni ile inayotokana na ujinga wa kujitakia na wenye kosa. Dhambi ya [[udhaifu]] ni ile inayotokana na [[ono|maono]] yenye nguvu ambayo yanapunguza [[hiari]] na kuvuta utashi uyakubali. Dhambi ya [[uovu]] ni ile inayotendwa kwa makusudi mazima, na mara nyingi bila maono wala ujinga. Hata hivyo si dhambi ya uovu tu inaweza kuwa [[dhambi ya mauti|ya mauti]]: [[dhana]] hiyo inatokana na upotovu wa [[dhamiri]] na kuchangia kuuzidisha. ====Dhambi za ujinga==== Ujinga usioshindikana si dhambi; ila ujinga wa hiari kuhusu mambo ambayo tunaweza au tunapaswa kuyajua ni dhambi kadiri ya ukubwa wa wajibu tusioutimiza. Kwa kuwa tulifanya [[uzembe]], ujinga huo hauwezi kututetea, ila unapunguza kosa letu; kumbe unatutetea tusipoweza kuachana nao kwa kuwajibika. Haukubaliki kuhusu mambo makuu ya [[sheria ya kimaumbile]], k.mf. “ni lazima kutenda mema na kukwepa maovu”; “usimtende mwenzako usiyopenda kutendwa naye”; “usiue”; “usiibe”; “umuabudu Mungu mmoja tu”. Hii ni kwa sababu walau katika utaratibu wa [[ulimwengu]] mtu anahisi kwa urahisi uwepo wa Mungu, mratibu wake; na kisha kuhisi hivyo anatakiwa kujitahidi ajue zaidi na kuomba [[mwanga]] wa juu. Ni vilevile kwa mtu aliyehisi kuwa Kanisa Katoliki ndilo la kweli: asipojitahidi kusoma na kuomba mwanga wa Mungu anatenda dhambi dhidi ya [[imani]], kwa kuwa hataki kushika njia za lazima kuifikia. Mara nyingi wenye [[moyo]] wa [[ibada]] hawafanyi [[bidii]] za kutosha ili kukwepa dhambi za ujinga, wakizitenda kwa kutozingatia – kadiri wanavyoweza na wanavyopaswa – [[jukumu|majukumu]] yao au [[haki]] na sifa za watu wanaohusiana nao. Tunapaswa kuchukua jukumu la mema yote tusiyoyatenda ingawa yanatupasa, na ambayo tungeyatenda kama tungekuwa na juhudi kwa [[utukufu]] wa Mungu na kwa wokovu wa watu. ====Dhambi za udhaifu==== Roho ni dhaifu inaposhindwa na nguvu za maono yanayofanya akili iyaone kuwa yanafaa, na utashi uyakubali kinyume cha [[sheria]] ya Mungu. Tutofautishe maono yanayotangulia kibali cha utashi, na maono yanayokifuata. Yanayotangulia yanapunguza kosa kwa kupunguza hiari katika kupima na kuchagua la kutenda, hasa kwa watu wepesi kuguswa. Kinyume chake maono yanayofuata ni [[dalili]] ya kuwa dhambi ni ya hiari, kwa kuwa utashi wenyewe unachochea maono, k.mf. mtu akitaka kukasirika ili kuonyesha hana nia njema na mwingine. Dhambi ya udhaifu ni ile ambayo utashi unashindwa na nguvu ya maono yaliyotangulia, na kwa hiyo [[uzito]] wake umepungua; lakini si kwamba haiwezi kamwe kuwa ya mauti. Hakika ni ya mauti ikihusu jambo kubwa, pamoja na mtu kujua na kutaka, k.mf. [[uuaji|akiua]] kwa [[hasira]]. Hasa mwanzoni anaweza kujizuia na kujiombea msaada wa Mungu: asipofanya hivyo, maono yanakuwa ya hiari. Dhambi ya udhaifu, hata ikiwa ya mauti, inaweza kusamehewa kwa urahisi kuliko nyingine. Wenye moyo wa ibada nao wanatakiwa kujihadhari wasije wakapatwa na makosa makubwa kutokana na [[kijicho]] kisichozuiliwa, k.mf. kuhukumu bila msingi kwamba wengine wana dhambi kubwa, au kusema na kutenda kwa namna inayosababisha mafarakano makubwa, kinyume cha haki na [[upendo]]. ====Dhambi za uovu==== Anayetenda dhambi kwa uovu, akijua na kutaka, ni kwamba anakusudia jambo lililo baya kwa roho (k.mf. kupotewa na [[urafiki]] wa Mungu) ili kupata jema la kidunia. Si kwamba kila dhambi ya uovu ni ya kumkufuru [[Roho Mtakatifu]]: hiyo ni kati ya dhambi za uovu zilizo kubwa zaidi, na inafanyika mtu anapodharau yale yanayoweza kumuokoa au anaposikitikia kwa makusudi neema na maendeleo ya Kiroho ya jirani kutokana na kijicho. Ni wazi kuwa dhambi ya uovu ni kubwa kuliko zile za ujinga na za udhaifu: ndiyo sababu sheria za binadamu zinaadhibu vikali mauaji yaliyopangwa kuliko yale yanayotokana na maono. Uzito mkubwa wa dhambi za uovu unatokana na kwamba utashi unahusika nazo kuliko unavyohusika na dhambi nyingine, bila kutetewa kiasi na ujinga wala maono yenye nguvu; mara nyingi zinasababishwa na [[kilema]] kinachotokana na marudio ya makosa. Katika suala hilo tunaweza kudanganyika kwa namna mbili tofauti. Baadhi wanadhani dhambi ya uovu tu inaweza kuwa ya mauti, wasione uzito wa dhambi kadhaa za ujinga wa kujitakia, na za udhaifu zenye jambo kubwa, ujuzi wa kutosha na nia kamili. Kumbe wengine hawaoni uzito wa dhambi kadhaa za uovu zilizotendwa bila ono lolote, kama kwa [[utulivu]] wa nafsi: wale ambao kwa namna hiyo wanapinga dini ya kweli na kuzuia watu wanyofu wasijue ukweli wa Mungu, wanaweza kutenda dhambi kubwa kuliko ya mtu ambaye [[kufuru|anamkufuru]] Mungu au kuua kwa hasira. Tunapaswa kuzingatia hasa akili na utashi, vilivyo sehemu zetu za juu. Kosa ni zito kadiri lilivyo la hiari, linavyotendwa kwa kujua na linavyotokana na kujipendea ambako pengine hatima yake ni kumdharau Mungu. Kinyume chake, tendo adilifu linastahili kadiri lilivyo la hiari na linavyotokana na upendo mkubwa kwa Mungu na kwa jirani. Kwa msingi huo, mtu anayesali kwa kushikamana na [[faraja za kihisi]] anastahili kidogo kuliko yule anayedumu kusali pasipo [[faraja]] yoyote, katika [[ukavu]] wa mfululizo; lakini huyo akitoka hali hiyo, [[stahili]] zake hazipungui ikiwa [[sala]] yake inatokana na upendo uleule ambao sasa una [[mwangwi]] katika [[hisi]] zake. Basi, ikiwa tendo baya la makusudi mazima (k.mf. agano na [[shetani]]) lina matokeo ya kutisha, tendo jema ambalo linatendwa kwa makusudi mazima na kurudiwa mara nyingi (k.mf. kujitoa kwa Mungu) lina matokeo mema makubwa, kwa sababu Roho Mtakatifu anaweza kututakasa kuliko shetani anavyoweza kutupoteza. Tena yumo ndani mwetu kuliko tulivyo sisi wenyewe, naye anaweza kutuelekeza kwa nguvu na [[upole]] tutende yaliyo ya hiari na stahili, ya ndani na ya juu zaidi. ==Marejeo== * Fredriksen, Paula. ''Sin: The Early History of an Idea.'' Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2012. ISBN|978-0-691-12890-0 * Granoff; P E; Shinohara, Koichi; eds. (2012), [https://books.google.com/books?id=fBJozjfU1YAC&lpg=PA147&dq=Kensh%C5%8Dkai&pg=PA147#v=onepage&q=Kensh%C5%8Dkai&f=false Sins and Sinners: Perspectives from Asian Religions]. Brill. ISBN|9004229469 * Hein, David. "Regrets Only: A Theology of Remorse." ''The Anglican'' 33, no. 4 (October 2004): 5–6. * Lewis, C.S. ''"Miserable Offenders": an Interpretation of [sinfulness and] Prayer Book Language [about it],'' in series, ''The Advent Papers''. Cincinnati, Ohio: Forward Movement Publications, [196-]. * Pieper, Josef. ''The Concept of Sin''. Edward T. Oakes SJ (translation from German). South Bend, Indiana: St. Augustine's Press, 2001. ISBN|1-890318-08-6 * Schumacher, Meinolf. [https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/download/1860038/2914809 ''Sündenschmutz und Herzensreinheit: Studien zur Metaphorik der Sünde in lateinischer und deutscher Literatur des Mittelalters'']. Munich: Fink, 1996. ISBN|3-7705-3127-2 ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons category|Sins}} {{Wiktionary}} {{Wikiquote}} * [https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P6B.HTM The Different Kinds of Sins (Catholic)] * {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Sin|short=x}} {{mbegu}} [[Jamii:Maadili]] [[Jamii:Dini]] [[Jamii:Uyahudi]] [[Jamii:Ukristo]] [[Jamii:Uislamu]] ripclf9r8lnz3droau9d8ew1ae930ga 1234013 1233998 2022-07-22T07:52:50Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dhambi''' (kutoka [[Kiarabu|Kiar.]] ذنب ''dhanaba'' kukosa, kutenda dhambi au jinai<ref>Linganisha [[kamusi]] ya [[Ludwig Krapf|Krapf]] (1882), "thambi". </ref>) ni [[kosa]] la [[kiumbehai]] mwenye [[hiari]] dhidi ya [[uadilifu]] unaompasa. Inaweza kufanyika kwa mawazo, maneno, matendo na kwa kutotimiza [[wajibu]]. [[Maadili]] yanamuelekeza [[binadamu]] katika kutambua dhambi ni zipi pamoja na madhara yake. Kwa kawaida [[dini]] zinahusianisha kosa hilo na [[Mungu]] aliye [[asili]] ya uadilifu, kwa kuwa ndiye aliyeumba viumbe vyote na kuvielekeza [[Maisha|maishani]]. Akiwapa baadhi ya viumbehai [[akili]] na [[utashi]], papo hapo Mungu amewapa wajibu wa kufuata maelekezo yaliyomo katika [[utaratibu]] wa [[nafsi]] yao na wa [[ulimwengu]] wote. Katika dini zinazofundisha kwamba [[Mwenyezi Mungu]] alitoa [[ufunuo]] wake hata kwa njia ipitayo [[maumbile]], ni dhambi kwenda kinyume cha ufunuo huo, kwa mfano unavyopatikana katika [[vitabu]] vitakatifu vya dini husika, kama vile [[Biblia]] kwa [[Wayahudi]] na [[Wakristo]] na [[Kurani]] kwa [[Waislamu]]. Kutokana na uenezi wa dhambi kuanzia [[dhambi ya asili]], linajitokeza suala la [[wokovu]], ambalo linaweza kutazamwa zaidi kama [[neema]], lakini kwa kawaida linadai [[toba]] ya mkosefu. [[Kanisa Katoliki]] na hata baadhi ya [[madhehebu]] mengine ya Ukristo linaamini linaweza kuondolea dhambi yoyote katika [[ubatizo]] na [[kitubio]] kwa kutumia [[mamlaka]] ambayo [[Yesu]] [[Ufufuko wa Yesu|mfufuka]] aliwashirikisha [[Mitume wa Yesu|Mitume wake]] alipowavuvia akisema: “Pokeeni Roho Mtakatifu. Wowote mtakaowaondolea dhambi, wameondolewa; na wowote mtakaowafungia dhambi, wamefungiwa” ([[Yoh]] 20:22-23). “Mlikuwa watu wa namna hii; lakini mlioshwa, lakini mlitakaswa, lakini mlihesabiwa haki katika jina la Bwana Yesu Kristo, na katika Roho wa Mungu wetu” ([[1Kor]] 6:11). ==Aina za dhambi== ===Dhambi za ujinga, udhaifu na uovu=== Kwa ufupi, kadiri ya [[Kanisa Katoliki]], dhambi ya [[ujinga]] ni ile inayotokana na ujinga wa kujitakia na wenye kosa. Dhambi ya [[udhaifu]] ni ile inayotokana na [[ono|maono]] yenye nguvu ambayo yanapunguza [[hiari]] na kuvuta utashi uyakubali. Dhambi ya [[uovu]] ni ile inayotendwa kwa makusudi mazima, na mara nyingi bila maono wala ujinga. Hata hivyo si dhambi ya uovu tu inaweza kuwa [[dhambi ya mauti|ya mauti]]: [[dhana]] hiyo inatokana na upotovu wa [[dhamiri]] na kuchangia kuuzidisha. ====Dhambi za ujinga==== Ujinga usioshindikana si dhambi; ila ujinga wa hiari kuhusu mambo ambayo tunaweza au tunapaswa kuyajua ni dhambi kadiri ya ukubwa wa wajibu tusioutimiza. Kwa kuwa tulifanya [[uzembe]], ujinga huo hauwezi kututetea, ila unapunguza kosa letu; kumbe unatutetea tusipoweza kuachana nao kwa kuwajibika. Haukubaliki kuhusu mambo makuu ya [[sheria ya kimaumbile]], k.mf. “ni lazima kutenda mema na kukwepa maovu”; “usimtende mwenzako usiyopenda kutendwa naye”; “usiue”; “usiibe”; “umuabudu Mungu mmoja tu”. Hii ni kwa sababu walau katika utaratibu wa [[ulimwengu]] mtu anahisi kwa urahisi uwepo wa Mungu, mratibu wake; na kisha kuhisi hivyo anatakiwa kujitahidi ajue zaidi na kuomba [[mwanga]] wa juu. Ni vilevile kwa mtu aliyehisi kuwa Kanisa Katoliki ndilo la kweli: asipojitahidi kusoma na kuomba mwanga wa Mungu anatenda dhambi dhidi ya [[imani]], kwa kuwa hataki kushika njia za lazima kuifikia. Mara nyingi wenye [[moyo]] wa [[ibada]] hawafanyi [[bidii]] za kutosha ili kukwepa dhambi za ujinga, wakizitenda kwa kutozingatia – kadiri wanavyoweza na wanavyopaswa – [[jukumu|majukumu]] yao au [[haki]] na sifa za watu wanaohusiana nao. Tunapaswa kuchukua jukumu la mema yote tusiyoyatenda ingawa yanatupasa, na ambayo tungeyatenda kama tungekuwa na juhudi kwa [[utukufu]] wa Mungu na kwa wokovu wa watu. ====Dhambi za udhaifu==== Roho ni dhaifu inaposhindwa na nguvu za maono yanayofanya akili iyaone kuwa yanafaa, na utashi uyakubali kinyume cha [[sheria]] ya Mungu. Tutofautishe maono yanayotangulia kibali cha utashi, na maono yanayokifuata. Yanayotangulia yanapunguza kosa kwa kupunguza hiari katika kupima na kuchagua la kutenda, hasa kwa watu wepesi kuguswa. Kinyume chake maono yanayofuata ni [[dalili]] ya kuwa dhambi ni ya hiari, kwa kuwa utashi wenyewe unachochea maono, k.mf. mtu akitaka kukasirika ili kuonyesha hana nia njema na mwingine. Dhambi ya udhaifu ni ile ambayo utashi unashindwa na nguvu ya maono yaliyotangulia, na kwa hiyo [[uzito]] wake umepungua; lakini si kwamba haiwezi kamwe kuwa ya mauti. Hakika ni ya mauti ikihusu jambo kubwa, pamoja na mtu kujua na kutaka, k.mf. [[uuaji|akiua]] kwa [[hasira]]. Hasa mwanzoni anaweza kujizuia na kujiombea msaada wa Mungu: asipofanya hivyo, maono yanakuwa ya hiari. Dhambi ya udhaifu, hata ikiwa ya mauti, inaweza kusamehewa kwa urahisi kuliko nyingine. Wenye moyo wa ibada nao wanatakiwa kujihadhari wasije wakapatwa na makosa makubwa kutokana na [[kijicho]] kisichozuiliwa, k.mf. kuhukumu bila msingi kwamba wengine wana dhambi kubwa, au kusema na kutenda kwa namna inayosababisha mafarakano makubwa, kinyume cha haki na [[upendo]]. ====Dhambi za uovu==== Anayetenda dhambi kwa uovu, akijua na kutaka, ni kwamba anakusudia jambo lililo baya kwa roho (k.mf. kupotewa na [[urafiki]] wa Mungu) ili kupata jema la kidunia. Si kwamba kila dhambi ya uovu ni ya kumkufuru [[Roho Mtakatifu]]: hiyo ni kati ya dhambi za uovu zilizo kubwa zaidi, na inafanyika mtu anapodharau yale yanayoweza kumuokoa au anaposikitikia kwa makusudi neema na maendeleo ya Kiroho ya jirani kutokana na kijicho. Ni wazi kuwa dhambi ya uovu ni kubwa kuliko zile za ujinga na za udhaifu: ndiyo sababu sheria za binadamu zinaadhibu vikali mauaji yaliyopangwa kuliko yale yanayotokana na maono. Uzito mkubwa wa dhambi za uovu unatokana na kwamba utashi unahusika nazo kuliko unavyohusika na dhambi nyingine, bila kutetewa kiasi na ujinga wala maono yenye nguvu; mara nyingi zinasababishwa na [[kilema]] kinachotokana na marudio ya makosa. Katika suala hilo tunaweza kudanganyika kwa namna mbili tofauti. Baadhi wanadhani dhambi ya uovu tu inaweza kuwa ya mauti, wasione uzito wa dhambi kadhaa za ujinga wa kujitakia, na za udhaifu zenye jambo kubwa, ujuzi wa kutosha na nia kamili. Kumbe wengine hawaoni uzito wa dhambi kadhaa za uovu zilizotendwa bila ono lolote, kama kwa [[utulivu]] wa nafsi: wale ambao kwa namna hiyo wanapinga dini ya kweli na kuzuia watu wanyofu wasijue ukweli wa Mungu, wanaweza kutenda dhambi kubwa kuliko ya mtu ambaye [[kufuru|anamkufuru]] Mungu au kuua kwa hasira. Tunapaswa kuzingatia hasa akili na utashi, vilivyo sehemu zetu za juu. Kosa ni zito kadiri lilivyo la hiari, linavyotendwa kwa kujua na linavyotokana na kujipendea ambako pengine hatima yake ni kumdharau Mungu. Kinyume chake, tendo adilifu linastahili kadiri lilivyo la hiari na linavyotokana na upendo mkubwa kwa Mungu na kwa jirani. Kwa msingi huo, mtu anayesali kwa kushikamana na [[faraja za kihisi]] anastahili kidogo kuliko yule anayedumu kusali pasipo [[faraja]] yoyote, katika [[ukavu]] wa mfululizo; lakini huyo akitoka hali hiyo, [[stahili]] zake hazipungui ikiwa [[sala]] yake inatokana na upendo uleule ambao sasa una [[mwangwi]] katika [[hisi]] zake. Basi, ikiwa tendo baya la makusudi mazima (k.mf. agano na [[shetani]]) lina matokeo ya kutisha, tendo jema ambalo linatendwa kwa makusudi mazima na kurudiwa mara nyingi (k.mf. kujitoa kwa Mungu) lina matokeo mema makubwa, kwa sababu Roho Mtakatifu anaweza kututakasa kuliko shetani anavyoweza kutupoteza. Tena yumo ndani mwetu kuliko tulivyo sisi wenyewe, naye anaweza kutuelekeza kwa nguvu na [[upole]] tutende yaliyo ya hiari na stahili, ya ndani na ya juu zaidi. ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo== * Fredriksen, Paula. ''Sin: The Early History of an Idea.'' Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2012. ISBN|978-0-691-12890-0 * Granoff; P E; Shinohara, Koichi; eds. (2012), [https://books.google.com/books?id=fBJozjfU1YAC&lpg=PA147&dq=Kensh%C5%8Dkai&pg=PA147#v=onepage&q=Kensh%C5%8Dkai&f=false Sins and Sinners: Perspectives from Asian Religions]. Brill. ISBN|9004229469 * Hein, David. "Regrets Only: A Theology of Remorse." ''The Anglican'' 33, no. 4 (October 2004): 5–6. * Lewis, C.S. ''"Miserable Offenders": an Interpretation of [sinfulness and] Prayer Book Language [about it],'' in series, ''The Advent Papers''. Cincinnati, Ohio: Forward Movement Publications, [196-]. * Pieper, Josef. ''The Concept of Sin''. Edward T. Oakes SJ (translation from German). South Bend, Indiana: St. Augustine's Press, 2001. ISBN|1-890318-08-6 * Schumacher, Meinolf. [https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/download/1860038/2914809 ''Sündenschmutz und Herzensreinheit: Studien zur Metaphorik der Sünde in lateinischer und deutscher Literatur des Mittelalters'']. Munich: Fink, 1996. ISBN|3-7705-3127-2 ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons category|Sins}} {{Wiktionary}} {{Wikiquote}} * [https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P6B.HTM The Different Kinds of Sins (Catholic)] * {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Sin|short=x}} {{mbegu}} [[Jamii:Maadili]] [[Jamii:Dini]] [[Jamii:Uyahudi]] [[Jamii:Ukristo]] [[Jamii:Uislamu]] mybe8q3970aeg5rel2bofrg8oz57gyl 0 55578 1233987 1153327 2022-07-21T14:07:50Z ChriKo 35 Sahihisho wikitext text/x-wiki {{uainishaji | rangi = #D3D3A4 | jina = Nematodi | picha = roundworm.jpg | upana_wa_picha = 250px | maelezo ya picha = Nematodi kwenye ardhi bichi. | himaya = [[Animalia]] | nusuhimaya = [[Eumetazoa]] | kundi_bila_tabaka = [[Bilateria]] | kundi2_bila_tabaka = [[Prostomia]] | faila_ya_juu = [[Ecdysozoa]] | faila = [[Nematodi|Nematoda]] | bingwa_wa_faila = [[Karl Rudolphi|Rudolphi]], 1808 | subdivision = '''Ngeli 2'''<br> * Chromadorea * Enoplea }} '''Nematodi''' au '''minyoo-kuru''' ni [[faila]] ya [[mnyoo|minyoo]] ambayo ni kati ya faila zenye [[spishi]] nyingi katika [[himaya]] ya [[mnyama|wanyama]]. Kutofautisha na kuainisha nematodi ni kazi ngumu. Hadi sasa spishi 80,000 zimeelezwa kitaalamu. Kuna makadirio ya kwamba [[idadi]] ya spishi hizo inaweza kufikia [[nusu]] [[milioni]]. Nematodi wengi ni minyoo midogo myeupe au bila [[rangi]] wanayoishi katika [[mazingira]] mabichi. Kati ya nematodi wanaojulikana takriban spishi 15,000 ni za kiparasiti ([[vimelea]]) yaani wanaishi ndani ya viumbe wengine. Spishi kadhaa husababisha [[maradhi]] mbalimbali ya [[binadamu]]. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.apsnet.org/education/feature/celegans/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2010-11-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612232049/http://apsnet.org/education/feature/Celegans/ |archivedate=2010-06-12 }}</ref> Mlolongo wa [[DNA]] katika uchambuzi wa nematodi umepiga hatua sana, ikiwa ni pamoja na uhusiano na spishi za [[miti]].<ref>http://www.bionity.com/news/e/108546/{{Dead link|date=March 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-biolojia}} [[Jamii:Nematodi]] [[Jamii:Vidusia]] b658x3mwwgpduh2motadmuks5uoi6we 14 64033 1233979 922174 2022-07-21T13:33:59Z ChriKo 35 Badiliko la jamii wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Ecdysozoa]] s98bjuzvh0k6l8qtmadigvslgzk091l 14 70695 1233984 922162 2022-07-21T13:41:25Z ChriKo 35 Badiliko la jamii wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Ecdysozoa]] s98bjuzvh0k6l8qtmadigvslgzk091l 14 70724 1233978 922163 2022-07-21T13:32:14Z ChriKo 35 Badiliko la jamii wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Radiata]] 088jpf6b5dec2acdopdaw38kz5noisr 14 70746 1233986 922172 2022-07-21T13:43:58Z ChriKo 35 Badiliko la jamii wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Lophotrochozoa]] lichwutb7ek9nnomwchjagrm5rne2fc 14 70762 1233976 922207 2022-07-21T13:31:06Z ChriKo 35 Badiliko la jamii wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Radiata]] 088jpf6b5dec2acdopdaw38kz5noisr 14 70955 1233982 922754 2022-07-21T13:37:01Z ChriKo 35 Badiliko la jamii wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Ecdysozoa]] s98bjuzvh0k6l8qtmadigvslgzk091l 14 70988 1233983 922867 2022-07-21T13:37:42Z ChriKo 35 Badiliko la jamii wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Ecdysozoa]] s98bjuzvh0k6l8qtmadigvslgzk091l 14 84036 1233985 976260 2022-07-21T13:43:00Z ChriKo 35 Badiliko la jamii wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Platyzoa]] kmsasht25w312zubwy4ov2psnyc811k 3 89634 1233989 1233740 2022-07-21T14:46:35Z MediaWiki message delivery 17311 /* Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 */ mjadala mpya wikitext text/x-wiki {{karibu}} == Mambo yako! == Salaam teeele!<br> Pole na shida zangu,.<br> Nimeona nikusalimu bwana Injinia!<br> --[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 19:32, 19 Mei 2018 (UTC) == Ahahah asante kwa shida zako == Salam..mimi mzima kabisa hofu kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|oba21.on]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:18, 20 Mei 2018 (UTC) == Salam.. == Salam zako zimenifikia nikia nimejaa teleee Kwako vipi khariii '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|oba21.on]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:20, 5 Oktoba 2018 (UTC) == MAMBO YANGU == salam zimenifikia, zimetufikia, tumesalimika. shida zetu ndio zinakupa shida pole sana. nikutakie ujenzi mwema wa jamii yako. asante! ==[[Watu wazima]]== HAbari, naona makala hii. TAfadhali ukumbuke makala za wikipedia si vyanzo au marejeo yanayokubalika. Hakuna tatizo ukichukua habari zako pale enwiki pamoja na marejeo yanayotajwa pale. Lakini hatuwezi kutaja makala ya wikipedia kama chanzo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 06:52, 7 Desemba 2019 (UTC) ==Tangazo== Habari ndugu Mwanawikipedia!<br><br>Mimi ni mwezeshaji wa mradi uitwao [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo Wa Kimataifa Wa Mwenendo Na Maadili]. Ni mradi mchanga/mpya ambao Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation linanuia kuuanzisha endapo wadau wataona ni mradi unaofaa. Nakukaribisha usome mwongozo huo na kisha utoe maoni yako kwa kujibu maswali yote au baadhi yake kwa yale utakayopenda kuyatolea maoni [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation HAPA]<br><br>'''<big>Taarifa zaidi kuhusu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Nidhamu na Mwenendo</big>'''<br><br> Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation lina mpango wa kuanzisha [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo Wa Kimataifa Wa Mwenendo Na Maadili]. Lengo la mwongozo huo ni kujaribu kuainisha vitu vya msingi vinavyopatikana katika miongozo midogo midogo iliyopo tayari katika kila jamii husika (mfano Jumuiya yetu hii ya wahariri wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili). Lengo hasa la mwongozo huu ni kutengeneza mazingira ambayo wanawikipedia wote duniani watakuwa na uelewa wa pamoja juu ya vitu vya msingi kuhusu nini kinakubalika na kipi hakikubaliki wakati wa uchangiaji (uhariri) wa Wikipedia na pale wanawikipedia wanapowasiliana kwenye Wikipedia au ana kwa ana katika warsha na mikutano ya Wanawikipedia. Wazo hilo limekuja baada kukithiri kwa baadhi ya Wanawikimedia kukumbana kufanyiwa unyanyasaji wa kitabia (mfano matusi, kuitana majina yasiyofaa, kutishiana n.k) na Wanawikimedia wenzao, hivyo kuwakatisha tamaa ya kuendelea kuchangia katika miradi ya Wikimedia.Hivyo, wewe kama mdau muhimu katika miradi ya Wikimedia Foundation, unakaribishwa ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct) soma zaidi kuhusu mwongozo huo Hapa]na baada ya kuusoma mwongozo huo unaweza ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation toa maoni yako Hapa kabla ya tar 15 April 2020.]<br><br>'''<big>Mwaliko wa kujiunga na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia</big>''' <br><br> Nakukaribisha ujiunge na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia kutoka Dar es Salaam ili tuweze kujadiliana na kubadilishana uzoefu na mambo kadha wa kadha kuhusu Uhariri wa Wikipedia. Iwapo utapenda kujiunga, usisite kuwasiliana nasi kupitia '''wikitzagroup@gmail.com''', na kwa taarifa zaidi kuhusu kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia wa hapa Dar es Salaam na Tanzania kwa ujumla na miradi waliyoitekeleza tayari, unaweza tembelea hapa ukurasa wao wa meta uitwao [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Community_User_Group_Tanzania Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania] au pia katika Facebook kwa jila la [https://www.facebook.com/Wikimediatz/ Wikimedia Tanzania].<br><br> Ndimi '''[[Mtumiaji:AMtavangu (WMF)|AMtavangu (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AMtavangu (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 22:47, 5 Aprili 2020 (UTC) == Mwaliko wa kutoa maoni yako kuhusu ''Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu'' == Habari ndugu Mwanawikipedia!<br><br>[[User:AMtavangu (WMF)|Mimi]] ni mwezeshaji wa mradi uitwao [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili]. Ni mradi mchanga/mpya ambao Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation linanuia kuuanzisha endapo wadau wataona ni mradi unaofaa na kuunga mkono wazo hilo. Nakukaribisha usome mwongozo huo na kisha utoe maoni yako kwa kujibu maswali yote au baadhi yake kwa yale utakayopenda kuyatolea maoni [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation ''HAPA'']<br><br>'''<big>Taarifa zaidi kuhusu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Nidhamu na Mwenendo</big>'''<br><br> Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation lina mpango wa kuanzisha [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili]. Lengo la mwongozo huo ni kujaribu kuoanisha vitu vya msingi vya kimwongozo vinavyopatikana katika miongozo midogo midogo iliyopo tayari katika kila jamii husika (mfano katika Jumuiya yetu hii ya wahariri wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili). Lengo hasa la mwongozo huu ni kujaribu kutengeneza mazingira ambayo wanawikipedia wote duniani watakuwa na uelewa wa pamoja juu ya vitu vya msingi kuhusu nini kinakubalika na kipi hakikubaliki wakati wa uchangiaji (uhariri) au utumiaji wa Wikipedia, na pia pale wanawikipedia wanapowasiliana ndani ya tovuti ya Wikipedia yenyewe au wanapokutana ana kwa ana katika warsha na mikutano mbalimbali ya Wanawikipedia. Wazo hilo limekuja baada kutokea kwa baadhi ya matukio kwa baadhi ya Wanawikimedia anbapo katika tafiti iliyofanywa mwaka 2015 , ilionekana baadhi ya Wanawikimedia walikuwa wakikumbana na unyanyasaji wa kitabia (mfano matusi, kuitana majina yasiyofaa, kutishiana n.k) na Wanawikimedia wenzao, hivyo kuwakatisha tamaa ya kuendelea kuchangia katika miradi ya Wikimedia.Wewe kama mdau muhimu katika miradi ya Wikimedia Foundation, unakaribishwa ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct) soma zaidi kuhusu mwongozo huo]na unaweza ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation toa maoni yako Hapa kabla ya tar 29th April 2020.]<br><br>'''<big>Mwaliko wa kujiunga na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia</big>''' <br><br> Nakukaribisha ujiunge na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia kutoka Tanzania (Dar es Salaam) ili tuweze kujadiliana na kubadilishana mawazo, uzoefu na mambo kadha wa kadha kuhusu Uhariri wa Wikipedia na miradi mingine yake ya Wikimedia Foundation. Iwapo utapenda kujiunga, usisite kuwasiliana nasi kupitia '''wikitzagroup@gmail.com''', na kwa taarifa zaidi kuhusu kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia wa hapa Dar es Salaam na Tanzania kwa ujumla kuhusu miradi waliyoifanya tayari, unaweza tembelea hapa ukurasa wao wa meta uitwao [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Community_User_Group_Tanzania Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania] au pia katika Facebook kwa jila la [https://www.facebook.com/Wikimediatz/ Wikimedia Tanzania].<br><br> Ndimi [[User:AMtavangu (WMF)|Mtavangu]]19:09, 18 Aprili 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:AMtavangu (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:AMtavangu_(WMF)/Massmessaging_test&oldid=19994514 --> == Uteuzi kuwa mkabidhi == Salaam! Ulipendekezwa na kukubaliwa kupata haki za mkabidhi. Je, uko tayari kupokea uteuzi huu na kushiriki katika kazi mara kwa mara kama jinsi ilivyoelezwa katika ukurasa wa wakabidhi? Tunaomba jibu lako kwa baruapepe katika wiki hii. Tumia zana za Wikipedia kutuma barua pepe. --[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{''''Muddyb Mwanaharakati''''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic Sans MS">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^{''''Longa''''}</font>]] 07:45, 13 Septemba 2020 (UTC) Ujumbe wako umenipata vema kabisa nita jibu mara tuu nikiwa naweza kufikia kompyuta yangu '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:15, 13 Septemba 2020 (UTC) ==Kukaribisha watumiaji wapya== Ndugu, hongera kwa kuanza kazi, ila kigezo cha kumkaribisha mtu kinatakiwa katika ukurasa wake wa mawasiliano, si ule wa mtumiaji. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:40, 3 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) Asante Ndugu, nitazingatia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:35, 3 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) == [[Salzburg]] [[Austria]] [[Vienna]] == Hey Bro, thank you for helping to work at the article of Salzburg. If you want we could work together at some more articles about Austria in the Kiswahili languaged Wikipedia. I am learning Kiswahili right now Bro but I am still in the starter level, unfortunately, because I do not have a lot of possobilities to learn Kiswahili in Austria, but I know Austria very well and we could work together, I have knowledge about the country, you have language knowdledge Kiswahili. Have you been to Austria yet? Or was it a just random that you have found the article Salzburg? Alex [[Maalum:Michango/84.174.183.93|84.174.183.93]] 16:29, 28 Novemba 2020 (UTC) Hello Alex, i would like to work together since its now my responsibility to make sure what comes into swahili wikipedia it is in a means that it suit swahili comunity and others as well, I have never been in Austria but till now i do have bunch of friends from there who are striving in swahili language like you. I would like to say that now you have an oppotunity to learn Swahili language as you wishe. Karibu sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:08, 29 Novemba 2020 (UTC) * Hey, sorry for a slow resonse. I d like to crate or work on some more Kiswahili Wikipedia articles about european countries, states, cities, transport and so on. I would do this about topics that I know, translate by Google, than you could check for grammar typos because google translations don t work out well many times and so we could do it together? Can you send me an e mail directly please to alexvie111987@gmail.com ? Than you can reach me sooner and easier and we could discuss about Kiswahili Wikipedia Articels? * And by the way if you know some Kiswahili native speakers in Vienna, Frankfurt or Hamburg would you help me to find somebody for language exchange Kiswahili - German, German - Kiswahili? I have started learning Kiswahili at the adult education center, but because of Covid19, any lessons have been cancelled and I am so unhappy because I wanna learn Kiswahili but I cant :( Alex [[Maalum:Michango/84.174.183.93|84.174.183.93]] 01:47, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) .Again hello Alex, thank you for leaving a contact for me i wall contact you soon. thank you '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:26, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ==Tuzo la uhariri== [[Image:Original Barnstar Hires.png|100px|right]] Ninakukabidhi '''Tuzo ya Uhariri ya Wikipedia''' kwa juhudi zako za kutupatia orodha ya Wabunge wa Tanzania wa 2020! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 17:58, 7 Desemba 2020 (UTC) . Asante sana Ngugu Kipala, na mimi naipokea kwa heshima kubwa na tahadhima, na naahidi kuendeleza juhudi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:29, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ==Matangazo ya Kivietnam== Ulimwandikia [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tylekeoso]] salamu nzuri. Alijaza ukurasa wake kwa matini ya Kivietnam. Hao tumeshaona mara nyingi. Unaweza kuweka yaliyomo katika google translate Kivietnam-Kiingereza utaona ni matangazo ya kibiashara tu. Riccardo na mimi tumezoea kufuta kurasa hizi moja kwa moja na kuzuia akaunti za wachangiaji. Hao si watu waliokosa kupeleka habari kwetu; nadhani ni programu zinazotafuta nafasi kwenye intaneti kusambaza matangazo ya kibiashara. Sijafuatalia sijui kama programu zimewekwa hasa kutushambulia sisi lakini nahisi wanajaribu kote duniani. Kwa hiyo usisite kufuta na kubana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 11:30, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) .Asante kwataarifa, binafsi nilifikiri ni mtumiaji tuu mwenzetu maana nimeona amekaribishwa vizuri kabisa. .Sambamba na hilo kuna huyu mtumiaji anaitwa Alex kutoka Autria nimeona makala zake chache anatumia google translator moja kwa moja nakupakia matini kwenye swwiki nilivo mfuatilia anasema anajifunza kiswahili, sasa nafikiri kumtafutia mbadala wa kukutana na wewe inawezekana? '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:52, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ::Alex gani? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 12:50, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ːːHana username ila anahalili sana miji ya Austria na ujerumani alihalili makala hii [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salzburg hapa]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:57, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ==Salamu za Karibu== Habari naona umeweka salamu ya karibu kwenye ukurasa wa [[Wapangwa Watu Weupe (Vipindi vya Runinga)‎]] ambayo si ukurasa wa mtumiaji. Nadhani ulikuwa umechoka, Tuelewane sanduku hilo linaingia pekee kurasa za majidiliano ya watumiaji, si makala. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 06:49, 14 Desemba 2020 (UTC) Asante, '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:58, 14 Desemba 2020 (UTC) == Reminder to sign the confidentiality agreement == Hi, as outlined in [[:m:Stewards/Elections_2021/Guidelines#Sign_the_confidentiality_agreement|the guidelines for the Steward Election]], all candidates must sign the [[:m:Access to nonpublic personal data policy|confidentiality agreement for nonpublic information]] before 5 February, or you will be disqualified. For instructions, see [[:m:Confidentiality agreement for nonpublic information/How to sign]]. Best, '''[[Mtumiaji:Tks4Fish|Tks4Fish]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tks4Fish|majadiliano]])''' 18:37, 1 Februari 2021 (UTC) == How we will see unregistered users == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin=content/> Hi! You get this message because you are an admin on a Wikimedia wiki. When someone edits a Wikimedia wiki without being logged in today, we show their IP address. As you may already know, we will not be able to do this in the future. This is a decision by the Wikimedia Foundation Legal department, because norms and regulations for privacy online have changed. Instead of the IP we will show a masked identity. You as an admin '''will still be able to access the IP'''. There will also be a new user right for those who need to see the full IPs of unregistered users to fight vandalism, harassment and spam without being admins. Patrollers will also see part of the IP even without this user right. We are also working on [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Improving tools|better tools]] to help. If you have not seen it before, you can [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|read more on Meta]]. If you want to make sure you don’t miss technical changes on the Wikimedia wikis, you can [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|subscribe]] to [[m:Tech/News|the weekly technical newsletter]]. We have [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#IP Masking Implementation Approaches (FAQ)|two suggested ways]] this identity could work. '''We would appreciate your feedback''' on which way you think would work best for you and your wiki, now and in the future. You can [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|let us know on the talk page]]. You can write in your language. The suggestions were posted in October and we will decide after 17 January. Thank you. /[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]<section end=content/> </div> 18:19, 4 Januari 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Admins2022(7)&oldid=22532681 --> ==[[Laverne cox]]== Naomba uifute. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:27, 11 Februari 2022 (UTC) Nimefuta --'''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' == Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? == Hi! {{ping|User:Olimasy}} The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]]. Please vote and encourage other editors of Swahili Wikipedia to also vote. Regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 12:04, 11 Machi 2022 (UTC) == Event Registration Tool: Demo and Invitation to Test == Hello Subscribers! [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''The Campaigns Product  Team''']] from the Wikimedia Foundation will be hosting two office hours to  demo the new [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], and train organizers how to  use it. In these office hours, you will learn how to: * Create an event page in the new event namespace (as an event organizer) * Enable registration on your event page (as an event organizer) * Collect data on who registered for your event (as an event organizer) * Register for an event on the event page (as an event participant) You can attend one office hour or both, depending on your availability on the following dates: * Session 1: '''Thursday, July 21, 2022 at 5:00 PM UTC''' * Session 2: '''Saturday, July 23, 2022 at 12:00 PM UTC''' These events will be multilingual, with live interpretations in '''Arabic''', '''English''', '''French''', '''Italian''', and '''Portuguese''', and '''Swahili'''. Note that Portuguese will be available on the 21st, but not the 23rd. We strongly encourage you to join and share your feedback on the tool. Your feedback will help us improve the tool so that Wikimedians can have a better event experience. To register, please reply to this email or [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 07|'''''sign-up to our page''''']], by adding your signature. Thank you! <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> '''[[Mtumiaji:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:IBrazal (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 06:13, 18 Julai 2022 (UTC) == Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 == Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] will be having an office hour today, '''July 21, 2022 at 17:00 UTC''' via '''Zoom''' to demo the first release of the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']]. You may join the office hour using this [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/83538569035 '''meeting link''']. We look forward to your participation. Thank you. Best, The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:46, 21 Julai 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23512297 --> gxroj36lzvlvyu92tolgfnbltyd2el7 0 95973 1234028 1217456 2022-07-22T11:46:12Z ChriKo 35 Masahihisho aliyefanya [[Special:Contributions/190.192.231.251|190.192.231.251]] ([[User talk:190.192.231.251|Majadiliano]]) yalirejeshwa hadi sahihisho la mwisho na [[User:Kipala|Kipala]] wikitext text/x-wiki ^{Kuhusu walinzi wa jadi angalia hapa [[Sungusungu]]} {{Uainishaji | rangi = pink | jina = Sungusungu | picha = Megaponera Major with termites, crop.jpg | upana_wa_picha = 250px | maelezo_ya_picha = Sungusungu aliyekamata mchwa | himaya = [[Mnyama|Animalia]] (Wanyama) | faila = [[Arthropodi]] (Wanyama wenye miguu yenye viungo) | nusufaila = [[Hexapoda]] (Wanyama wenye miguu sita) | ngeli = [[Insecta]] (Wadudu) | nusungeli = [[Pterygota]] (Wadudu wenye mabawa) | oda = [[Hymenoptera]] (Wadudu wenye mabavu angavu) | nusuoda = [[Apocrita]] (Hymenoptera wenye kiuno chembamba sana) | familia_ya_juu = [[Vespoidea]] (Hymenoptera kama [[dondora]]) | familia = [[Formicidae]] ([[Sisimizi]]) | nusufamilia = [[Ponerinae]] | jenasi = ''[[Megaponera]]'' | bingwa_wa_jenasi = [[Gustav Mayr|Mayr]], 1862 | spishi = ''[[Megaponera analis|M. analis]]'' | bingwa_wa_spishi = ([[Pierre André Latreille|Latreille]], 1802 }} '''Sungusungu''' ni [[spishi]] ya [[sisimizi]] (''[[Megaponera analis]]'') wa [[nusufamilia]] [[Ponerinae]] katika [[familia (biolojia)|familia]] [[Formicidae]]. Katika [[maisha]] yao, sungusungu huishi kwa [[ushirikiano]] na kusaidiana kama mchwa na wadudu wengineo. Pia sungusungu hugawana [[Jukumu|majukumu]] katika shughuli mbalimbali kama vile ''[[ulinzi]]'' (kwa wadudu hawa ukizungumzia suala la ulinzi ni wa kumlinda [[malkia]] wao na [[ujenzi]] wa makazi yao). Kutokana nao, mara nyingine [[walinzi]] wa [[jadi]] katika [[jamii]] za [[binadamu]] wanaitwa "sungusungu". {{mbegu-mdudu}} [[Jamii:Sisimizi na jamaa]] jebm1l71djwhutivizuj0ogodnlp5u9 0 96011 1233997 1226116 2022-07-21T17:49:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8.8 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Filani wa Pittenweem, [[O.S.B.]]''' ([[jina]] asili '''Fillan''', '''Phillan''', '''Fáelán''' au '''Faolan'''; aliishi [[karne ya 13]] hivi) alikuwa [[mmonaki]] [[Mbenedikto]] kutoka [[kisiwa]] cha [[May]], [[Uskoti]], maarufu kwa ugumu wa maisha yake, aliyoyaishi upwekeni<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. Filani alihama [[monasteri]] ya huko akaenda [[Pittenweem]] huko [[Fife]] akaongoa wakazi wake kuingia [[Ukristo]].<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/whereilive/coast/stages.shtml?walk=centralandfife&stage=5 BBC "Central and Fife"]</ref><ref>[http://www.eastneuk-episcopal.co.uk/st_johns-stfillans.html East Neuk Episcopal Churchs "St Johns"] https://web.archive.org/web/20071008014944/http://www.eastneuk-episcopal.co.uk/st_johns-stfillans.html</ref> Tangu kale anaheshimiwa kama [[mtakatifu]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[9 Januari]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== *[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20071008014944/http://www.eastneuk-episcopal.co.uk/st_johns-stfillans.html East Neuk Episcopal Churches] *[http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=581 Catholic Online] *[http://www.scottish-places.info/people/famousfirst1011.html Gazetteer for Scotland] *[http://www.perthshire-scotland.co.uk/stfillans2.htm Perthshire Scotland] {{Wayback|url=http://www.perthshire-scotland.co.uk/stfillans2.htm |date=20170703115704 }} *[http://www.saintfillans.org.nz/index.html The Celtic Apostolic Church of Saint Fillan] {{Wayback|url=http://www.saintfillans.org.nz/index.html |date=20070927152614 }} {{mbegu-Mkristo}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Filani wa Pittenweem}} [[Category:Wamonaki]] [[Category:Wabenedikto]] [[Category:Wamisionari]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Uskoti]] njyjxvl26g312he4snuslwdnqd8avk3 3 105398 1233990 1233741 2022-07-21T14:46:35Z MediaWiki message delivery 17311 /* Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 */ mjadala mpya wikitext text/x-wiki {{karibu}} Ndugu, ulibadilisha nyota kadhaa kutoka ngeli ya "i-zi" kwenda "li-ma" ambayo si Kiswahili sahihi. Mfano "[[Thumni (kundinyota)|Sigma Octantis iko karibu]]" ulipeleka "Sigma Octantis liko karibu". Nimerudisha mara kadhaa sijapata muda kuangalia yote. Ilhali wewe bado mgeni heri utumie kwanza ukurasa wa majadiliano kabla ya kubadilisha! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 14:05, 20 Julai 2019 (UTC) :Ndugu, hongera kwa michango yako. Hata hivyo angalia nilivyoboresha namna moja michango ya mwisho ili ufanye mwenyewe katika makala zijazo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:59, 6 Novemba 2019 (UTC) ::Naona unazidi kukamilika. Sasa uzoee kuunganisha ukurasa wa Kiswahili na zile za lugha nyingine. Kiungo kinapatikana pembeni kushoto, ilipoandikwa "Add link". --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:29, 11 Novemba 2019 (UTC) ==Interwiki== Asante kwa makala za wanariadha. Lakini naomba upitilie tena zote. Umesahau "interwiki", yaani kuunganisha makala yako na lugha zingine. Hii unafanya mwishoni -kama mada ina makala katika enwiki au wikipedia nyingine- kwa kubofya kushoto-chini <small>(nje ya sehemu ya kuhariri)</small> kwa "Lugha- Add links", halafu ingiza "enwiki" dirisha la juu na jina la makala husika dirisha la chini, hakikisha ni sawa, halafu uthibitishe. [[Maalum:Michango/197.250.225.2|197.250.225.2]] 20:43, 7 Desemba 2019 (UTC) ==Mashindano ya picha== Ndugu, usijidanganye kwamba utashinda tuzo kwa kubadilisha maneno ya kuelezea picha zilizomo tayari katika makala za Wikipedia... Ni lazima uongeze picha pale ambapo hazipo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:02, 15 Agosti 2020 (UTC) :Ndugu [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], mimi sishiriki katika mashindano ila najaribu kuangalia sehemu ambazo washiriki wa mashindano wamefanya nakujaribu kuongeza ubora na kusahihisha sehemu ambazo naona zinaweza zikawa bora zaidi. Je ni vibaya kufanya hivi? Amani kwako pia! Nashukuru sana. ::Hiyo si mbaya, lakini kama ni hivyo hutakiwi kuandika katika muhtasari #WPWP #WPWPTZ, la sivyo unaonekana tapeli... Basi, endelea na juhudi zako. Tupo pamoja. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:25, 15 Agosti 2020 (UTC) ::: Asante == Uteuzi kuwa mkabidhi == Salaam! Ulipendekezwa na kukubaliwa kupata haki za mkabidhi. Je, uko tayari kupokea uteuzi huu na kushiriki katika kazi mara kwa mara kama jinsi ilivyoelezwa katika ukurasa wa wakabidhi? Tunaomba jibu lako kwa baruapepe katika wiki hii. Tumia zana za Wikipedia kutuma barua pepe. --[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{''''Muddyb Mwanaharakati''''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic Sans MS">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^{''''Longa''''}</font>]] 07:44, 13 Septemba 2020 (UTC) ==Hongera== Napenda kukupongeza kwa juhudi zako katika Wikipedia, ila hakikisha kwamba makala zako zieleweke kwa Kiswahili. Unavyojua, tafsiri ya kompyuta haisaidii sana. Endelea kuangalia kama pengine ninarekebisha michango yako ili uzidi kukomaa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:36, 16 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ::Asante sana --'''[[Mtumiaji:Ebenezer Mlay|Ebenezer Mlay]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ebenezer Mlay#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:07, 16 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==Mbegu== Ndugu, kigezo mbegu-mtu kinatumika ikiwa tu hakuna kingine cha pekee zaidi kama mbegu-mwandishi, mbegu-igiza-filamu n.k. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:09, 18 Aprili 2021 (UTC) :Asante kwa kunielewesha. --'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:24, 19 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==Zuio== Umefanya vizuri, kwa kuwa amefuta matini sahihi na ameingiza upuuzi wa Kiingereza: yote hayo ni makosa makubwa! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:46, 19 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==Kigezo cha Vyanzo== Siku hizi unaweka mara nyingi kigezo hicho. Badala ya kuridhika kuweka vigezo vinavyoagiza kazi fulani, tunashauriwa kufanya wenyewe kazi hiyo, yaani tuboreshe makala, si kuilaumu tu. Pia zingatia kwamba makala nyingi za zamani hazina vyanzo kwa sababu ya kutovisisitiza mwanzoni mwa Wiki yetu. Hatimaye makala nyingine haziwezi kuwa ndefu wala kuwa na vyanzo vingi kutokana na mada yenyewe. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:36, 21 Aprili 2021 (UTC) :Mpendwa [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] asante sana kwa muongozo huu, mara nyingi nikiwa nina muda mchache wa kupitia makala baadhi nikikuta hazina vyanzo vya kutosha naweka kigezo cha vyanzo. Ila nikiwa na muda najaribu kupitia makala na kuifanya iwe bora. Nina mpango nikipata muda mwingi zaidi kuzipitia zote ambazo nimeziwekea kigezo hicho. Je ni sawa? Je naweza nikaweka kigezo cha citation needed badala ya kigezo cha vyanzo? Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' ::Kama lengo ni kuzipitia baadaye ni sawa kabisa. La sivyo njia ya pili ni afadhali. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:14, 23 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==Jamii== Habari naona unafaya kazi kubwa kupitilia jamii za makala. Asante! NImeona jambo moja ambalo halisaidii machoni pangu., ukiongeza "Jamii:Watu wa NCHIXX" pia pale ambako makala imeshapangwa katika "Jamii:Wanawake wa NCHIXXX". Unaona faida gani? Mi mi naona si kitu kwa nchi penye watu wachache walio na makala, lakini kama idadi yao inaongezeka, haisaidii tena ninavyoona. Mfano kama watu wa TZ wako wote chini "watu wa Tanzania", tuanapata hapa orodha ndefu kupita kiasi ambacho halivuti kulipitilia. Tukiwapanga zaidi katika jamii ndogo, ni rahisi zaidi kutafuta. Kutafuta jina, linapatikana popote kupitia dirisha. Unaonaje? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 06:40, 28 Aprili 2021 (UTC) :Habari [[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]], Asante kwa mchango huu naona inaleta maana, ila vipi kama kungekua jamii ndogo ya "Jamii:Wanaume wa NCHI XXX" kwa sababu kama kwenye jamii ya watu wa nchi fulani kukawa na makala ya wanaume tu halafu kukawa na jamii ndogo ya wanawake pekee hii naona haileti picha nzuri kwangu. Unaonaje? --'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:51, 28 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ::Hiyo hoja ina mashiko: kuwa na jamii kwa wanawake, si kwa wanaume, ni kutokana na hali ya wanawake kukosa usawa. Lakini siku hizi? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:42, 28 Aprili 2021 (UTC) :::Kwa kawaida naona vema kama mtu anapangwa kwanza katika jamii ya fani au kazi , kama "Jamii:Wanasheria wa NCHI XXX", tukiwa na wengi inawezakana pia "Jamii:Watu kutoka MKOA YYY"; kwa wanawake tumeanzisha pia jamii kama "Wanawaka wa NCHI XXX" au "Wanasheria wa kike wa XXX". Hapa tumefuata mfano wa lugha nyingine; sijui kama yeyote alianzisha jamii za wanaume. Tunaweza kufanya.... - Sababu ya jamii ya pekee kwa wanawake ni kwamba hao ni wachache (bado) katika fani nyingi.Kwa hiyo sipingi kuanzisha jamii za wanaume, ila sitegemei italeta mafanikio. Tulikuwa na wahariri (nadhani Baba Tabita) aliyeongeza mara nyingi "Watu walio hai" (ambayo mimi sioni faida yake, siku hizi sijaiona tena sana...). '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 15:29, 30 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==[[Pregs Govender]]== Naona tumeingiliana. Nilikuwa nikiongeza kufungu cha mwisho, naona umehamisha yote kwenda lemma sahihi, asante. Hivyo nilifungua makala kwa jina jipya na kumwaga mle matini yote kutoka ukurasa wangu, pamoja na yale niyokuwa nayo ya juu. Ila sikujua kwamba ulihariri mengine pia. Sasa inawezekana nimeweka matini yangu juu ya sehemu ulizoboresha, kama ni vile, nisamehe. Tafadhali pitilia tena kifupi na uone kama nimefuta maboresho kadhaa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 09:39, 6 Mei 2021 (UTC) :Hakuna shida kabisa nitaipitia makala hiyo tena. Asante --'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:33, 6 Mei 2021 (UTC) ==Tafsiri ya Wikimedia== Naona umemuuliza Kipala pia. Tupo pamoja. Mimi sipendi kutumia kifaa hicho, ila nakubali kinaweza kusaidia ikiwa watumiaji wanachukua muda kupitia kwa makini tafsiri ya mashine hadi ieleweke. Shida kubwa ni kwamba wanataka makala ndefu, halafu wanachoka kuipitia, hivyo wanatuachia sisi kazi kubwa mno! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:03, 17 Mei 2021 (UTC) ::Kwa kweli naona unafuatilia masahihisho yangu na kujifunza vizuri. Pia nakupongeza kwa juhudi za kueneza Wiki yetu. Michango sasa ni mingi, kiasi kwamba sitaweza tena kuipitia yote, hasa ukizingatia kwamba watumiaji wapya wanafanya makosa mengi. Tena kwa kutumia tafsiri ya kompyuta wanatunga kurasa ndefu. Kazi hiyo nakuachieni nyinyi vijana... Ndiyo sababu tuliwachagua kuwa wakabidhi wenzetu! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:42, 29 Mei 2021 (UTC) :::Asante sana [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]]. Makala zote zilizoundwa hivi karibuni na wahariri wapy kutokea Arusha tutazipitia kwa takribani siku mbili tukiwa pamoja na wahariri hawa wote ili kufanya masahihisho. Kwa kutumia hii njia nadhani wahariri hawa watajifunza kutokana na makosa amabayo wameyafanya kwenye makala hizi. Pia tutajitahidi kuwa watumiaji wote wapya hawatopata nafasi ya kutunga makala ndefu wakati wanaanza kujifunza kuandika. Vivyo hivyo tutatilia msistizo wa kutokutumia tafsiri ya kompyuta katika kuhariri. Asante -- --'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:33, 31 Mei 2021 (UTC) ::::Vizuri sana. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:57, 31 Mei 2021 (UTC) == How to supply my email == I am a local researcher, and I have written about handful of communities whose details and not found in Wikipedia. I love to supply this first-hand information in Wikipedia. Thank you for welcoming me. Please I want to know also, how I can supply my email. More so, is their chances for monetization? '''[[Mtumiaji:Hilspress|Hilspress]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hilspress|majadiliano]])''' 07:39, 30 Mei 2021 (UTC) ==Makala ya Haki za Binadamu== Salamu, sijajua ufafanuzi unasemaj zaidi e hadi sasa kuhusu shindano la makala ya haki za binadamu, lakini unaweza kupitia makala ya ''Mauaji ya Maalbino'', labda inawezekana jamii hiyo ni kwa ajili ya kutrack makala zote mpya zitakazohusu haki za binadamu, naona imeunganishwa katika jamii ya Makala ya haki za binadamu,ila bado nasubiri ufafanuzi zaidi ,Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' :Habari [[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]], nadhani niliona maelekezo ya kwamba mtu yoyote anaeshiriki katika hili shindano akichapisha kurasa yoyote kuhusiana na haki za binadamu inapaswa kuweka hiyo jamii. Katika makala ya ''Mauaji ya Maalbino'' jamii hii haikuwepo hivyo nikaona niiongeze. Ila [[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] anaweza kutupa mwonggozo zaidi. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:40, 3 Juni 2021 (UTC) :::Ahsanteni kwa michango, tumeweka jamii hiyo ili kurahisisha kupata makala zote zitakazo andikwa wakati wa mradi. Maelekezo zaidi juu ya ushiriki wa mradi yatatolewa hivi karibuni na [[user:Jadnapac]]. Karibuni tuendeleee kushirikiana. == Campaigns Product Update #1 == Hello Campaigns Newsletter recipients. We are ready to share our first updates: * '''We will be hosting our first Campaigns Product Office hour''' with the Product team on '''September 9, 2021 at 3 PM UTC''' (join us on Zoom: https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87427100681) . The Office hour will focus on the introduction of the Product team and its choice of of a first feature focused on Event Registration. For more information see: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Campaigns/Foundation_Programs_Team#Office_Hours * '''We have published our first document about the first feature''': '''event registration'''.  You can find the document on Meta: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration . We provided first responses to initial feedback last week. If you responded before, consider reviewing the talk page and adding to the conversation. * '''We had several presentations at Wikimania:''' ** Ilana Fried presented the Campaign Product team as part of a larger conversation about Wikimedia Foundation Product Strategy. Campaigns product start at 18:12 time:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57GzJ4GEvCQ&t=1103s&ab_channel=WikimediaFoundation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57GzJ4GEvCQ&t=1103] ** Alex Stinson facilitated a session on the role of partners in International Campaigns:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OS1k8_6QWPY '''What is next?''' At the office hours, we will share our first version of the designs for the Registration feature, and be asking for feedback. Additionally we will be onboarding our engineering team who will be building the registration feature. Please invite  other organizers to subscribe to this newsletter or unsubscribe at: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers   The Campaign Product Team <!-- Message sent by User:Astinson (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=21958270 --> == Campaigns Product Update #2 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! We are excited to share our updates: *'''Request for Feedback''': We have shared our project principles, wireframes for the desktop version, and open questions for you about the team’s event registration project. See the latest status updates [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#Status_Updates '''here'''.] :Wireframes are design tools that imagine the future interface of the software. We haven’t built anything yet. We need your feedback on these designs so that we can make better product decisions. You can give feedback on the talk page regarding the design and features of the wireframes. We would love to hear your comments to help us establish the next necessary steps for the project. :[[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#Feedback_on_project_principles_&_wireframes_(October_2021)|'''''Please share with us your feedback!''''']] *'''Presentations''': The Campaign Product team participated in [[m:WikiArabia/2021|WikiArabia 2021]] and [[m:WikiConference North America/2021|WikiConference North America 2021]] to give a brief introduction on how the team works. Senior Program Strategist [[User:Astinson (WMF)|Alex Stinson]] gave an overview about campaigns and how we can scale the organizing experience within the Movement. Senior Product Manager [[User:IFried (WMF)|Ilana Fried]] gave an introduction about the Product Team and the project wireframes of the first campaign software solution: the on-wiki registration tool. View the recorded presentation [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1AYknkmHGyI&t=751s '''here'''.] *'''Team update''': We have hired our first team engineer, [[User:JCarvalho (WMF)|JCarvalho]] and our campaign organizing fellow, [[User:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal]]. Newsletter updates will be done by [[User:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal]] and she will be coordinating with you! We hope to have the rest of the engineering team onboard soon! For those of who missed the last Campaign Office Hour, you may [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jT8fRUWjfI watch the recording] to know more about the Campaign Product Team. '''What is next?''' :'''Testers Needed'''! We will be partnering with [https://yux.design/ '''YUX'''], a design research agency, to learn how our team can improve the experience of Wikimedia campaign organizers and participants in Africa. For this reason, we are looking for community members who are willing to be part of the rapid testing sessions. Preferably, we want organizers and editors who have worked in an African context. If you would like to participate in testing, please email {{email|ibrazal-ctr|wikimedia.org}}. :'''Upcoming Conferences'''. [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2021|'''Wiki Indaba 2021''']]. This year, the conference will be held virtually on November 5-7, 2021 with the theme "'''''Rethink + Reset : Visions of the future'''''". Read more about the conference [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2021|here]] or [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2021/Registration Information| register]] to join the event. We will be presenting the registration features on Sunday November 7. :We will also be attending [[m:Wikimedia CEE Online Meeting 2021/Programme/Submissions/Building Organizer Tools for the Future of Campaigns|'''Wikimedia CEE Online Meeting 2021''']], which will be held virtually again this year on November 5-7, 2021. We will be presenting the registration tool on November 6 as part of our communication and sharing process. :'''Translation Support'''. We are also beginning to translate the updates on Registration. If you think your language community would benefit from updates, please translate [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#Status_Updates|here]]. ''Invite other organizers to [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers| subscribe]] to this newsletter for updates!'' The Campaign Product Team </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 16:26, 28 Oktoba 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=22200025 --> == How we will see unregistered users == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin=content/> Hi! You get this message because you are an admin on a Wikimedia wiki. When someone edits a Wikimedia wiki without being logged in today, we show their IP address. As you may already know, we will not be able to do this in the future. This is a decision by the Wikimedia Foundation Legal department, because norms and regulations for privacy online have changed. Instead of the IP we will show a masked identity. You as an admin '''will still be able to access the IP'''. There will also be a new user right for those who need to see the full IPs of unregistered users to fight vandalism, harassment and spam without being admins. Patrollers will also see part of the IP even without this user right. We are also working on [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Improving tools|better tools]] to help. If you have not seen it before, you can [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|read more on Meta]]. If you want to make sure you don’t miss technical changes on the Wikimedia wikis, you can [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|subscribe]] to [[m:Tech/News|the weekly technical newsletter]]. We have [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#IP Masking Implementation Approaches (FAQ)|two suggested ways]] this identity could work. '''We would appreciate your feedback''' on which way you think would work best for you and your wiki, now and in the future. You can [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|let us know on the talk page]]. You can write in your language. The suggestions were posted in October and we will decide after 17 January. Thank you. /[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]<section end=content/> </div> 18:19, 4 Januari 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Admins2022(7)&oldid=22532681 --> == Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? == Hi! {{ping|User:CaliBen}} The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]]. Please vote and encourage other editors of Swahili Wikipedia to also vote. Regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 12:28, 11 Machi 2022 (UTC) == Campaigns Product Update #3 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! We are excited to share our updates: *'''Proposal to create new namespaces''': We have proposed to create two namespaces, which are “'''Event'''” and “'''Event talk'''.” This way, we can easily create an Event Center that pulls data from event pages. This Event Center may include tools to create event pages with registration support, a calendar of events, and event statistics, among other features. More importantly, the Event Center will highlight organizing as an essential part of the Wikimedia movement. Please give us feedback on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T296280 Phabricator] or [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_March_2022_update|Meta]] about our proposal to create two new namespaces. *'''Engineering updates''': We are excited that we have finished hiring for our engineering team! Three engineers and an engineering manager have joined our team since our last update. In the last few months, they have conducted technical planning and launched the building phase of the project. They are now building the registration tool. You can see the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|updated team on meta]]. *'''Design updates''': We conducted usability tests with a small group of testers for early feedback on the desktop wireframes. After collecting this feedback, we have developed a new version for desktop wireframes, which will be ready to share in the next few weeks. These desktop wireframes display the user flow of two experiences: one for organizers who want to add registration to their event pages, and another for participants who want to register for an event. Additionally, the design team is also currently working on the first version of mobile wireframes, which will be shared during the next office hour. ::1. View the latest desktop wireframes in '''Figma''' for [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1899%3A44995&scaling=min-zoom&page-id=1472%3A36710&starting-point-node-id=1899%3A44995&show-proto-sidebar=1&hide-ui=1 Campaign Organizer Prototype] and [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1998%3A49612&scaling=min-zoom&page-id=1472%3A36710&starting-point-node-id=1998%3A49612&show-proto-sidebar=1&hide-ui=1 Participant Registration Prototype]. ::2. [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_project_principles_&_wireframes_(October_2021)|Leave us some feedback]] on the desktop wireframes. Note that we haven’t posted the newest version of the desktop wireframes on the project page yet, but we will soon (and you can feel free to add feedback on any version you have seen). *'''Ambassador updates''': Three product ambassadors for the Arabic, French and Swahili communities have now joined our team! They will help us collect feedback from Wikimedia communities about the project and understand the needs of organizers, through gathering first-hand information. These ambassadors are immersed as actual members of these communities, so they will also help us identify the needs of the organizers in our pilot communities. The ambassadors are: [[m:User:Bachounda (WMF)|'''M. Bachounda''']] for Arabic communities, [[m:User:Geugeor-WMF|'''Georges Fodouop''']] for French communities, and [[m:User:AMtavangu (WMF)|'''Antoni Mtavangu''']] for Swahili communities. '''What is next?''' :'''Next Office Hour''': We will be holding an office hour on '''March 31, 2022''' at 15:00 UTC, which will be conducted via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320 '''Zoom''']. We invite everyone to attend, and we really hope to see you! The focus will be on the Registration Tool. The team will also be providing community updates on the usability test findings and design highlights for the wireframes. We will also share our current Project timeline and answer any questions you may have. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 03|Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!]] :In a few months, we are expecting to have the early testable version of the tool. By then, the team will be doing the first round of general testing and gathering feedback. We are looking forward to adding more features on the tool such as communication support, potentially by the end of this year. If you know other organizers that might be interested in following these developments, please recommend that they [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|subscribe to the newsletter]]. We want to receive as much feedback as we can. Thank you! '''The Campaign Product Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:26, 22 Machi 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23033286 --> == Campaign Product Team Office Hour - March 31, 2022 == Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The Campaign Product Team will be hosting the next office hour to share exciting updates on the Registration Tool and new proposed namespaces for events. We will also be sharing community updates on the usability tests and design highlights of the latest mobile and desktop wireframes. Join us and share your thoughts on these developments! :Date: '''March 31, 2022''' :Time: 15:00 UTC :Zoom Link: https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320 You may also watch [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jT8fRUWjfI Campaigns Office Hour: Introducing the Campaigns Product Team] to learn more about the Team and the previous wireframes. Feel free to send a message to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you want to receive an email reminder for this meeting. Thank you. '''The Campaign Product Team''' '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:37, 30 Machi 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23066888 --> == Event Registration Tool: Demo and Invitation to Test == Hello Subscribers! [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''The Campaigns Product  Team''']] from the Wikimedia Foundation will be hosting two office hours to  demo the new [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], and train organizers how to  use it. In these office hours, you will learn how to: * Create an event page in the new event namespace (as an event organizer) * Enable registration on your event page (as an event organizer) * Collect data on who registered for your event (as an event organizer) * Register for an event on the event page (as an event participant) You can attend one office hour or both, depending on your availability on the following dates: * Session 1: '''Thursday, July 21, 2022 at 5:00 PM UTC''' * Session 2: '''Saturday, July 23, 2022 at 12:00 PM UTC''' These events will be multilingual, with live interpretations in '''Arabic''', '''English''', '''French''', '''Italian''', and '''Portuguese''', and '''Swahili'''. Note that Portuguese will be available on the 21st, but not the 23rd. We strongly encourage you to join and share your feedback on the tool. Your feedback will help us improve the tool so that Wikimedians can have a better event experience. To register, please reply to this email or [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 07|'''''sign-up to our page''''']], by adding your signature. Thank you! <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> '''[[Mtumiaji:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:IBrazal (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 06:34, 18 Julai 2022 (UTC) == Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 == Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] will be having an office hour today, '''July 21, 2022 at 17:00 UTC''' via '''Zoom''' to demo the first release of the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']]. You may join the office hour using this [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/83538569035 '''meeting link''']. We look forward to your participation. Thank you. Best, The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:46, 21 Julai 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23512297 --> 8280f4ivpy6kx7xnu7ymtyy6my364zz 0 119452 1234014 1228781 2022-07-22T08:01:32Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Mtazamo upande wa afya na elimunafsia */ wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Acceptance of Homosexuality Worldwide (Pew Research Poll 2019-20).svg|thumb|right|Utafiti wa mwaka 2019 (Pew Global Research Poll): Asilimia ya wakazi wanaokubali ushoga uwe halali katika jamii: {{legend|#a50026|0-10%}} {{legend|#d73027|11-20%}} {{legend|#f46d43|21-30%}} {{legend|#fdae61|31-40%}} {{legend|#fee090|41-50%}} {{legend|#e0f3f8|51-60%}} {{legend|#abd9e9|61-70%}} {{legend|#74add1|71-80%}} {{legend|#4575b4|81-90%}} {{legend|#313695|91-100%}} {{legend|#c0c0c0|Hakuna taarifa}}]] '''Ushoga''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: “homosexuality”) ni mwelekeo wa kimapenzi unaokwenda tofauti na kawaida inayofanya [[mwanamume]] na [[mwanamke]] kupendana na kuzaliana katika [[familia]]. [[Jinsia]] hizo mbili zinalenga kukamilishana katika [[ndoa]] kwa kupendana na kuzaliana. Kadiri ya [[Biblia]], [[Mungu]] baada ya kumuumba [[Adamu]] alisema, “Si vema mtu awe peke yake. Nitamfanyia msaidizi wa kufanana naye” (Mwa 2:18). [[Umbile]] la [[mwanamume]] linaelekea kukamilishana na lile la [[mwanamke]] kiroho na kimwili. Lakini [[roho]] haionekani, hivyo ni rahisi zaidi kuona jinsi miili yao inavyofaa kuungana iwe [[mwili]] mmoja. Hata hivyo tuelewe mkamilishano huo unafanyika katika [[nafsi]] pia, ambazo zina [[vipawa]] tofauti vinavyowezesha kwa pamoja kukabili vizuri [[maisha]] ya nyumbani, ya [[uchumi]], ya [[siasa]], ya [[dini]] n.k. Mwelekeo wa kimapenzi humaanisha muundo wa kudumu wa kimhemko, kimahaba, na/au mivuto ya kimapenzi kwa [[jinsia]] fulani. Mwelekeo wa kimapenzi kwa kawaida humfanya mtu kupenda jinsia tofauti na ya kwake (kuwa na mvuto kwa wahusika wa jinsia nyingine), jambo ambalo linawezesha [[uzazi]] kadiri ya [[maumbile]]. Hata hivyo kuna mashoga/wasagaji (mwanamume anayevutiwa na wanaume/mwanamke anayevutiwa na wanawake), na watu wanaopenda jinsia zote mbili (mwanamume au mwanamke anayevutiwa na jinsia zote mbili; kwa Kiingereza: “bisexual”), mbali na wale wasio na mwelekeo wowote wala kusikia mvuto wowote wa namna hiyo (kwa Kiingereza: “asexuals”). Mwelekeo ukifuatwa unageuka [[tabia]]. ==Chanzo chake== Vivutio vya msingi ambavyo huunda mwelekeo wa kimapenzi wa watu wazima kwa kawaida huibuka katikati ya [[utoto]] na [[ubalehe]]. Hakuna makubaliano kati ya [[wanasayansi]] juu ya sababu halisi ambazo humfanya mtu kuwa na mwelekeo wa kupenda jinsia ileile ya kwake au kupenda jinsia zote mbili badala ya jinsia tofauti tu kama ilivyo kawaida. Wengi wanafikiria [[asili]] ([[biolojia]]) pamoja na [[mazingira]] vinachangia. Lakini mara nyingine ni kwamba mtu ameathiriwa na tukio ambalo amefanyiwa hasa utotoni au amekubali mwenyewe kujaribu kufanya hata akazoea kiasi cha kushindwa kujinasua. Kati ya wale ambao wakati wa kubalehe wanayumba kwa muda fulani katika kujitambua, wengi baadaye wanakomaa vizuri katika mwelekeo wa kawaida. Kumbe watetezi wa ushoga wanataka hao vijana wapewe dawa za kusimamisha ubalehe ili baadaye iwe rahisi kuwafanyia upasuaji wa kubadili vyungo vya uzazi. Ukweli ni kwamba suala si kila mtu kuamua awe wa jinsia gani, kama kwamba mwili hauna maana, bali kujitambua na kujikubali alivyo. ==Mwelekeo na utashi== Watu wana mang'amuzi tofauti juu ya mwelekeo wao wa kimapenzi. Baadhi wanajitambua kwa muda mrefu kabla hawajaanza uhusiano na wengine. Baadhi hujihusisha na vitendo vya kimapenzi kabla ya kujitambua na kuchukua msimamo juu ya mwelekeo wao. [[Binadamu]], akiwa na [[akili]] na [[utashi]], halazimiki wala hapaswi kufuata mielekeo yake yote, bali anatakiwa kuidhibiti, la sivyo ataharibika upande wa [[afya]] ya [[mwili]] na ya [[nafsi]] vilevile, mbali ya kuharibu [[maisha]] ya jamii. Kwa mfano, mtu anaweza kuwa na mwelekeo wa kuwazini [[watoto]] wadogo, mwingine wa kula kupita kiasi, n.k. Wakifuata mielekeo hiyo ataleta madhara tu. Hivyo wafikirie kabla ya kufuata mwelekeo wowote na wazingatie [[maadili]] mema. ==Misimamo ya sheria kuhusu ushoga na athari yake== [[File:05.TwoMen.Midtown.BaltimoreMD.27May2019.jpg|thumb|Mashoga wa Marekani.]] [[File:Motor City Pride 2011 - participants - 071.jpg|thumb|Wasagaji wa Marekani.]] [[File:World laws pertaining to homosexual relationships and expression.svg|thumb|Sheria za nchi kuhusu ushoga<br> {{legend|#025|Ndoa za jinsia moja}} {{legend|#06F|Mahusiano mengine}} {{legend|#decd87|Laws against expression}} {{legend|#f9dc36|Faini au kifungo (haitekelezwi)}} {{legend|#ec8028|Faini au kifungo}} {{legend|#c63|Adhabu ya kifo (haitekelezwi)}} {{legend|#800000|Adhabu ya kifo}} ]] Pengine mashoga, wasagaji na wapenda jinsia zote mbili hukumbana na [[unyanyapaa]], na hata [[ukatili]] kwa sababu ya mwelekeo wao wa kimapenzi tofauti na kawaida. Wengine hubaguliwa kwenye [[shule]], [[vyuo]] na sehemu zao za [[kazi]], hata wananyimwa [[huduma]] za [[afya]] na [[haki]], na hupata msaada mdogo kutoka kwa wanafamilia na marafiki. Hali hiyo hufanya iwe vigumu kujitangaza kuwa shoga, msagaji, au mpenda jinsia mbili. Tatizo hilo la kimataifa ni kubwa zaidi katika nchi nyingi za [[Afrika]]. Kituo cha Utafiti cha Pew mnamo mwaka 2007 kiligundua kuwa 3[[%]] tu ya [[Watanzania]], [[Wakenya]], na [[Waganda]] wanaamini kuwa ushoga unapaswa kukubalika. Hivyo katika nchi zote wanachama wa [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki]] (EAC), isipokuwa [[Rwanda]], [[ngono]] ya jinsia moja huchukuliwa ni uhalifu na pengine [[adhabu]] iliyopangwa ni kifungo cha muda mrefu, ingawa kwa kawaida haitekelezwi. Matokeo yake, wachache tu wako wazi kuhusu mwelekeo wao wa kimapenzi, wakati wengi wanalazimika kuishi kwa usiri na uwongo, ili waendane na [[maadili]] yaliyokubalika katika jamii yao. [[Chuki]] dhidi ya mashoga (kwa Kiingereza: “homophobia”) ina madhara makubwa kwa [[afya ya akili]] na ustawi wa watu walio mashoga, wasagaji na wapenda jinsia mbili, hasa ikiwa wanajaribu kuficha mwelekeo wao wa kimapenzi. Unyanyapaa na ukatili vinazidisha [[fadhaiko|mafadhaiko]] waliyonayo tayari kutokana na kutambua tofauti iliyopo kati ya mwili wao na mwelekeo wao. Mara nyingi wanashindwa kukabili hali hiyo na kujikubali walivyo. Hivyo wako katika hatari ya kuingia [[ulevi]] wa aina mbalimbali na [[kujiua]] kuliko wenzao wanaovutiwa na jinsia tofauti. Watu wanaotamani kuwasaidia wanaweza kufanya kazi na mashirika husika kuwapatia [[ushauri nasaha]] pamoja na kupambana na unyanyapaa. Mashoga, wasagaji na wapenda jinsia mbili wanaotaka kupunguza unyanyapaa wanaweza kuwa wazi kuhusu mwelekeo wao wa kimapenzi, huku wakichukua tahadhari muhimu ili kuwa salama kadiri iwezekanavyo. Kuwaambia watu wengine kuwa wewe ni mpenzi wa jinsia moja au tofauti huitwa “kujitokeza”. Mara nyingi hiyo ni hatua muhimu ya [[Saikolojia|kisaikolojia]] kwa watu walio mashoga, wasagaji na wapenda jinsia mbili. Wanaohisi lazima wafiche mielekeo yao ya kimapenzi huripoti [[wasiwasi]] wa mara kwa mara kuliko mashoga na wasagaji ambao wako wazi. Japokuwa, unapaswa kujitokeza ikiwa unataka na uko tayari. Ingawa unatumaini kuwa marafiki na familia watakupokea, inawezekana kwamba hawatakubali. Ikiwa unategemea wazazi wako kifedha, unaweza kutaka kungoja, wasije wakajaribu kukufukuza nyumbani, kukuweka kwenye ndoa ya jinsia tofauti au kwenye matibabu mabaya ya kiakili. Kama utajitokeza, ni vizuri kuanza kwa kumwambia mtu ambaye una uhakika kuwa atakuwa na mtazamo chanya. Kujitokeza kunaweza kuwa moja ya kazi ngumu sana utakayokabiliana nayo katika maisha yako, lakini pia inaweza kuwa moja ya kazi zenye tunu sana. Kujitokeza ni njia mojawapo ya kuthibitisha hadhi yako na hadhi ya watu wengine walio wasagaji, mashoga, na wapenda jinsia mbili. ==Mtazamo upande wa afya na elimunafsia== Miongo mingi ya [[utafiti]] na uzoefu ya kitabibu imepelekea mashirika ya [[afya]] na ya afya ya akili kutamka kuwa mielekeo hiyo si [[ugonjwa]]. [[Shirika la Afya Ulimwenguni]] (WHO) liliondoa ushoga kutoka kwenye orodha yake ya [[magonjwa ya akili]] mnamo [[1990]] na kwamba mapenzi ya jinsia moja si magonjwa, hivyo hayahitaji [[matibabu]]. Hadi leo, hakuna utafiti wa kutosha wa kisayansi kuonyesha kwamba [[tiba]] inayolenga kubadili mwelekeo wa mapenzi ya jinsia moja ni salama au inafaa. Kwa kuongezea, uhamasishaji wa matibabu ya mabadiliko unaonekana kuchangia mazingira mabaya kwa mashoga, wasagaji na wapenda jinsia mbili. Tafiti tofauti kote ulimwenguni zimegundua kuwa mtu 1 hadi 10 kati ya 100 wanavutiwa na watu wa jinsia yao wenyewe. Ushoga umekuwepo katika jamii na [[tamaduni]] nyingi, na pia hutokea katika [[spishi]] 500 hivi za [[wanyama]].<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite book | author = Bagemihl, Bruce | title = Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity | url = https://archive.org/details/biologicalexuber00bage | publisher = St. Martin's Press | year = 1999 | isbn = 978-0-312-25377-6}}</ref><ref name="Biological Exuberance: Animal">{{cite web| last =Harrold | first =Max | title=Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity | publisher=[[The Advocate]], reprinted in Highbeam Encyclopedia | date=1999-02-16 | url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-53877996.html | accessdate = 2007-09-10}}</ref> Jambo hilo linatumiwa na watetezi wa ushoga kusema kwamba ni kawaida ya kimaumbile. Lakini wanaosema kuwa ushoga ni kinyume cha maumbile wanamaanisha maumbile ya binadamu yanayotakiwa kuongozwa na [[akili]] na [[utashi]], si [[silika]] tu kama ilivyo kwa [[viumbehai]] wengine wote. Kwa mfano, wanyama wanazaliana hata wakiwa na undugu, kwa mfano mama na mtoto, lakini kwa binadamu haifai. Vilevile [[ubakaji]] unafanywa na wanyama mbalimbali, lakini kwa binadamu haufai kabisa kwa sababu unasababisha mwathiriwa asiyekubali apitie uchungu na mateso. Hiyo ndiyo sababu [[jamii]] [[Ustaarabu|iliyostaarabika]] haiwezi kuuvumilia ubakaji; waathiriwa na wote ambao wangeweza kuwa waathiriwa wanapaswa kulindwa wasibakwe. Ulinganisho huo wa ndoa ya jinsia moja na ubakaji si kamili kwa kuwa hauhusishi mwathiriwa asiyekubali, anayelazimika kuvumilia uchungu na mateso, na pengine, badala yake wapenzi wa jinsia moja ambao wanazuiwa kuoana wanajisikia uchungu. Hata hivyo, inabidi kulinda [[maadili]] ya jamii ili iweze kustawi dhidi ya tamaa zisizoijenga. Moja ya dhihirisho la mapema zaidi ulimwenguni la ushoga kati ya watu ni [[michoro ya miambani]] ya [[Wasan]] wa [[Zimbabwe]] ambayo inaonyesha mahusiano ya jinsia moja. Michoro hiyo ya maelfu ya miaka iliyopita na vilevile [[ushahidi]] mwingine wa kihistoria unaonyesha kuwa ushoga umekuwepo katika [[bara]] la Afrika tangu kale, si umeletwa na [[mataifa]] ya [[Magharibi]] kama inavyodaiwa pengine. Hata hivyo sasa [[ustaarabu wa Magharibi]] unahamasisha ushoga kwa mbinu zote<ref>https://townhall.com/tipsheet/madelineleesman/2022/05/23/transsexual-activist-slams-transgender-indoctrination-on-children-n2607651?inf_contact_key=304d6edd55c386ddbd30e74277fd8249d18a532c4142cb79caf2b269de1401fa</ref> katika kuhimiza mienendo yoyote ya [[anasa]] isiyo na [[uwajibikaji]] kwa ustawi na afya ya jamii <ref>https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/homophobic-un-attacks-journalists-reporting-on-lgbt-sex-party-where-monkeypox-spread/</ref>. Katika kuwatetea, pengine ustaarabu huo umefikia hatua ya kuwafanya kielelezo cha [[maendeleo]] ambayo hatimaye yamejikomboa kutoka mitindo ya maisha ya zamani na tunu zake, kama vile familia, uzazi n.k. Kwa namna hiyo unabomoa misingi yenyewe ya maisha ya jamii<ref>https://www.dailysignal.com/2022/06/01/the-anarchic-philosophy-behind-lgbtqi-pride-month/?inf_contact_key=a80abebb3ed46c560ef816b99b98a7fdf651f238aa2edbb9c8b7cff03e0b16a0</ref>. Pengine mashoga wenyewe wanatangaza mtindo wao kama ndio bora na kudharau hiyo mingine (k.mf. [[maandamano]] ya "Gay Pride")<ref>https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2022-04-12/a-transgender-psychologist-reckons-with-how-to-support-a-new-generation-of-trans-teens</ref>, ingawa baadhi yao wanatambua hatari iliyopo kwa vizazi vijavyo katika kuhamasisha ushoga n.k.<ref>https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/lesbian-admits-that-she-would-not-have-fought-for-lgbt-rights-if-she-knew-it-would-lead-to-grooming/</ref>. ==Misimamo ya dini== Tamaduni za kijamii au za kidini hazitakiwi kuhalalisha tena ubaguzi dhidi ya mashoga, wasagaji na wapenda jinsia mbili. Uonevu na unyanyasaji, kuwakatalia watu walio wasagaji, mashoga, na wapenda jinsia mbili fursa na heshima sawa au kuwatuhumu kwa vile walivyo au wanavyotenda si [[uchaji wa Mungu]] wala ufuataji tamaduni bali ni ubaya tu. Kuchukia maovu ni tofauti na kuchukia mwovu. Hata hivyo suala la maadili linabaki: je, ni halali kufuata mwelekeo wowote ambao tunajisikia au tumejizoesha kwa kurudiarudia matendo maovu? Tukikubali watu wafanye lolote wanalojisikia, jamii itakuwaje? [[Uyahudi]]<ref>The Torah (first five books of the Hebrew Bible) is the primary source for Jewish views on homosexuality. It states that: "[A man] shall not lie with another man as [he would] with a woman, it is a תועבה toeba ("abomination")" ([[Law|Leviticus]] 18:22). Like many similar commandments, the stated punishment for willful violation is the death penalty, although in practice rabbinic Judaism no longer believes it has the authority to implement death penalties.</ref>, [[Ukristo]]<ref>Rom 13:13-14: 13 Let us behave decently, as in the daytime, not in carousing and drunkenness, not in sexual immorality and debauchery, not in dissension and jealousy. 14 Rather, clothe yourselves with the Lord Jesus Christ, and do not think about how to gratify the desires of the flesh. Galatians 5:19–5:21: 19 Now the works of the flesh are obvious: fornication, impurity, licentiousness, 20 idolatry, sorcery, enmities, strife, jealousy, anger, quarrels, dissensions, factions, 21 envy, drunkenness, carousing, and things like these. I am warning you, as I warned you before: those who do such things will not inherit the kingdom of God. Colossians 3:5–3:7: 5 Put to death, therefore, whatever in you is earthly: fornication, impurity, passion, evil desire, and greed (which is idolatry). 6 On account of these the wrath of God is coming on those who are disobedient. 7 These are the ways you also once followed, when you were living that life. Ephesians 5:3–5:3: 3 But fornication and impurity of any kind, or greed, must not even be mentioned among you, as is proper among saints.</ref>, na [[Uislamu]]<ref>Islam views same-sex desires as an unnatural temptation; and sexual relations are seen as a transgression of the natural role and aim of sexual activity. "Do you approach males among the worlds And leave what your Lord has created for you as mates? But you are a people transgressing". — Quran , Surah 26 (165-166)</ref> [[Mapokeo|kimapokeo]] huchukulia tabia za mapenzi ya jinsia moja kuwa ni [[dhambi]]. Mafundisho ya [[Uhindu]], [[Ubudha]], [[Ujain]], na [[Usikh]] hayako wazi kabisa juu ya mwelekeo wa mapenzi ya jinsia moja, na viongozi wa [[dini]] wanatoa maoni tofauti. Leo, watu kutoka dini zote wanazidi kukubali mapenzi ya jinsia moja, na hata [[ndoa ya jinsia moja]]. [[Idadi]] inayokua ya [[madhehebu]] ya [[Uprotestanti]] hufanya [[baraka]] za ndoa za jinsia moja. Watu wengi walio mashoga, wasagaji na wapenda jinsia mbili wanaripoti kwamba hawaoni mgongano kati ya mwelekeo wao wa kimapenzi na [[imani]] yao. Hayo yote hayamaanishi kwamba ndio [[ukweli]]; pengine ni kupotewa na [[hekima]]<ref>Romans 1:19–1:27: 19 For what can be known about God is plain to them, because God has shown it to them. 20 Ever since the creation of the world his eternal power and divine nature, invisible though they are, have been understood and seen through the things he has made. So they are without excuse; 21 for though they knew God, they did not honor him as God or give thanks to him, but they became futile in their thinking, and their senseless minds were darkened. 22 Claiming to be wise, they became fools; 23 and they exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images resembling a mortal human being or birds or four-footed animals or reptiles. 24 Therefore God gave them up in the lusts of their hearts to impurity, to the degrading of their bodies among themselves, 25 because they exchanged the truth about God for a lie and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen. 26 For this reason God gave them up to degrading passions. Their women exchanged natural intercourse for unnatural, 27 and in the same way also the men, giving up natural intercourse with women, were consumed with passion for one another. Men committed shameless acts with men and received in their own persons the due penalty for their error.</ref> au ni kujilegeza na kufuata tu mkondo. Ni lazima kufikiria [[uumbaji]] wa mtu katika jinsia mbili ili kuelewa [[Muumba]] alitaka nini, hasa alipounganisha [[kilele]] cha [[tendo la ndoa]] na uwezekano wa [[mimba]] kupatikana. [[Papa Fransisko]], mkuu wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]], ameongea mara kwa mara juu ya hitaji la kukaribisha na kupenda watu wote, bila kujali mwelekeo wao wa kimapenzi, kwa kuwa wote ni sura na mfano wa [[Mungu]]. Hata hivyo mafundisho ya Kikatoliki<ref>The teachings of the Catholic Church on same-sex attraction are summarized in the [[Katekisimu ya Kanisa Katoliki|Catechism of the Catholic Church]]: 2357 Homosexuality refers to relations between men or between women who experience an exclusive or predominant sexual attraction toward persons of the same sex. It has taken a great variety of forms through the centuries and in different cultures. Its psychological genesis remains largely unexplained. Basing itself on Sacred Scripture, which presents homosexual acts as acts of grave depravity, tradition has always declared that 'homosexual acts are intrinsically disordered.' They are contrary to the natural law. They close the sexual act to the gift of life. They do not proceed from a genuine affective and sexual complementarity. Under no circumstances can they be approved. 2358 The number of men and women who have deep-seated homosexual tendencies is not negligible. This inclination, which is objectively disordered, constitutes for most of them a trial. They must be accepted with respect, compassion, and sensitivity. Every sign of unjust discrimination in their regard should be avoided. These persons are called to fulfill God's will in their lives and, if they are Christians, to unite to the sacrifice of the Lord's Cross the difficulties they may encounter from their condition. 2359 Homosexual persons are called to chastity. By the virtues of self-mastery that teach them inner freedom, at times by the support of disinterested friendship, by prayer and sacramental grace, they can and should gradually and resolutely approach Christian perfection.</ref> yanasema wazi kwamba matendo ya ushoga ni [[dhambi]], tena [[dhambi ya mauti]] kama matendo mengine ya [[uasherati]] na hata zaidi. Mwelekeo tu si dhambi, lakini ni hatari, kwa kuwa unafanya mtu avutiwe na jambo ambalo ni dhambi, tofauti na mwelekeo wa kawaida unaomfanya mtu avutiwe na ndoa na uzazi kama inavyohitajiwa na jamii ili kujiendeleza. Hivyo mashoga na wengineo wanahitaji msaada wa pekee kuelewa mpango wa Mungu kuhusu jinsia na hatimaye kuishi namna ya kumpendeza. Msimamo wa [[Waorthodoksi]] na [[Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki]] ni wa namna hiyohiyo: kwamba ngono inakubalika tu katika ndoa. ==Tazama pia== * [[Msenge]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== *[https://habarileo.co.tz/habari/2019-03-115c862e9e8cccc.aspx Madhara ya ushoga kisaikolojia, kiafya] *[https://rainerebert.com/2020/09/04/mahojiano-wanalgbt-tanzania/ Mahojiano na mashoga wa Tanzania] {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Jinsia]] [[Jamii:Saikolojia]] [[Jamii:Maadili]] j3qi4d8b567ptu5topcq6gcsmtmynhb 0 121439 1233995 1164726 2022-07-21T17:26:43Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8.8 wikitext text/x-wiki [[image:Eusebius Ethiopian icon.jpg|thumb|[[Mchoro mdogo]] wa Mt. Eusebi kutoka [[Ethiopia]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://marginalia.lareviewofbooks.org/discoveries-ethiopian-desert/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2020-02-19 |archivedate=2020-02-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220104726/http://marginalia.lareviewofbooks.org/discoveries-ethiopian-desert/ }}</ref><ref>McKenzie, Judith S, & Watson, Francis. ''The Garima Gospels: Early Illuminated Gospel Books from Ethiopia.'' Manar al-Athar, 2016, pp. 146 & 154</ref>]] '''Eusebi wa Kaisarea''' (kwa [[Kigiriki]]: Εὐσέβιος τῆς Καισαρείας, ''Eusébios tés Kaisareías''; 260/265 hivi – 339/340) alikuwa [[askofu]] wa [[mji]] huo wa [[Israeli]] tangu [[mwaka]] [[314]] na [[mwanahistoria]] maarufu kwa ujuzi wake mpana sana<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cQW0ACdLn6kC|title=The Story of Christianity: Volume 1: The Early Church to the Dawn of the Reformation|last=Gonzalez|first=Justo L.|date=2010-08-10|publisher=Zondervan|year=2010|isbn=978-0-06-185588-7|location=|pages=149-150|language=en}}</ref>. Alikuwa mshauri wa [[kaisari]] [[Konstantino Mkuu]] akaandika habari za [[maisha]] yake. Aliandika pia kuhusu [[Biblia]] na [[ufafanuzi]] wake<ref>Little is known about the life of Eusebius. His successor at the [[Episcopal see|See]] of Caesarea, [[Acacius of Caesarea|Acacius]], wrote a ''Life of Eusebius'', a work that has since been lost. Eusebius' own surviving works probably only represent a small portion of his total output. Beyond notices in his extant writings, the major sources are the 5th-century ecclesiastical historians [[Socrates of Constantinople|Socrates]], [[Sozomen]], and [[Theodoret]], and the 4th-century Christian author [[Jerome]]. There are assorted notices of his activities in the writings of his contemporaries [[Athanasius]], [[Arius]], [[Eusebius of Nicomedia]], and [[Pope Alexander I of Alexandria|Alexander of Alexandria]]. Eusebius' pupil, [[Eusebius of Emesa]], provides some incidental information.</ref>. Anaheshimiwa na [[Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki]] wa [[Misri]]<ref>"For these reasons I am satisfied that our present passages in Luke Chapter 2 from the Coptic ''Cantena''do belong to Eusebius of Caesarea, despite his designation in Fr. Copt. 12 as 'the holy' or 'Saint' Eusebius, because the discussion of Mary bringing forth her 'first-born son' and the language used in this context seems so clearly to reflect the creedal formula of Caesarea, as mentioned above, and do not seem appropriate material for St. Eusebius of Vercelli or for Eusebius' student, Eusebius of Emesa; in addition, the name Eusebius appeared for a long time in the calendar of Saints, even though it was sometimes doubtful whether it was always Eusebius of Caesarea being referred to." Ayad, Mariam. ''Studies in Coptic Culture: Transmission and Interaction''. New York:The American University in Cairo Press, 2016, p. 26.</ref> na [[Ethiopia]]<ref>Ayad, Mariam. ''Studies in Coptic Culture: Transmission and Interaction''. New York:The American University in Cairo Press, 2016, p. 31, footnote 37.</ref><ref>McKenzie, Judith S, & Watson, Francis. ''The Garima Gospels: Early Illuminated Gospel Books from Ethiopia.'' Manar al-Athar, 2016, pp. 145-163 </ref> kama [[mtakatifu]]. == Maandishi== {{refbegin|40em}} * Eusebius of Caesarea. ** ''Historia Ecclesiastica'' (''Church History'') first seven books ''ca''. 300, eighth and ninth book ''ca''. 313, tenth book ''ca''. 315, epilogue ''ca''. 325. :** Migne, J.P., ed. ''Eusebiou tou Pamphilou, episkopou tes en Palaistine Kaisareias ta euriskomena panta'' (in Greek). ''Patrologia Graeca'' 19–24. Paris, 1857. Online at [http://khazarzar.skeptik.net/pgm/PG_Migne/Eusebius%20Caesariensis_PG%2019-24/ Khazar Skeptik] and [http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/04z/z_0265-0339__Eusebius_Caesariensis__Historia_Ecclesiastica__GR.pdf.html Documenta Catholica Omnia]. Accessed 4 November 2009. :** McGiffert, Arthur Cushman, trans. ''Church History''. From ''Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers'', Second Series, Vol. 1. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1890. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. Online at [http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/2501.htm New Advent] and [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf201.toc.html CCEL]. Accessed 28 September 2009. :** Williamson, G.A., trans. ''Church History''. London: Penguin, 1989. ** ''Contra Hieroclem'' (''Against Hierocles''). ** ''Onomasticon'' (''On the Place-Names in Holy Scripture''). :** Klostermann, E., ed. ''Eusebius' Werke'' 3.1 (''Die griechischen christlichen Schrifsteller der ersten (drei) Jahrhunderte'' 11.1. Leipzig and Berlin, 1904). Online at the [https://archive.org/details/werke00eusegoog Internet Archive]. Accessed 29 January 2010. :** Wolf, Umhau, trans. ''The Onomasticon of Eusebius Pamphili: Compared with the version of Jerome and annotated''. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press, 1971. Online at [http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/eusebius_onomasticon_01_intro.htm Tertullian]. Accessed 29 January 2010. :** Taylor, Joan E., ed. ''Palestine in the Fourth Century. The Onomasticon by Eusebius of Caesarea,'' translated by Greville Freeman-Grenville, and indexed by Rupert Chapman III (Jerusalem: Carta, 2003). ** ''De Martyribus Palestinae'' (''On the Martyrs of Palestine''). :** McGiffert, Arthur Cushman, trans. ''Martyrs of Palestine''. From ''Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers'', Second Series, Vol. 1. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1890. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. Online at [http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/2505.htm New Advent] and [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf201.iii.xiv.html CCEL]. Accessed June 9, 2009. :** Cureton, William, trans. ''History of the Martyrs in Palestine by Eusebius of Caesarea, Discovered in a Very Antient Syriac Manuscript''. London: Williams & Norgate, 1861. Online at [http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/eusebius_martyrs.htm Tertullian]. Accessed September 28, 2009. ** ''Praeparatio Evangelica'' (''Preparation for the Gospel''). ** ''Demonstratio Evangelica'' (''Demonstration of the Gospel''). ** ''Theophania'' (''Theophany''). ** ''Laudes Constantini'' (''In Praise of Constantine'') 335. :** Migne, J.P., ed. ''Eusebiou tou Pamphilou, episkopou tes en Palaistine Kaisareias ta euriskomena panta'' (in Greek). ''Patrologia Graeca'' 19–24. Paris, 1857. Online at [http://khazarzar.skeptik.net/pgm/PG_Migne/Eusebius%20Caesariensis_PG%2019-24/ Khazar Skeptik]. Accessed 4 November 2009. :** Richardson, Ernest Cushing, trans. ''Oration in Praise of Constantine''. From ''Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers'', Second Series, Vol. 1. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1890. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. Online at [http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/2504.htm New Advent]. Accessed 19 October 2009. ** ''Vita Constantini'' (''The Life of the Blessed Emperor Constantine'') ''ca''. 336–39. :** Migne, J.P., ed. ''Eusebiou tou Pamphilou, episkopou tes en Palaistine Kaisareias ta euriskomena panta'' (in Greek). ''Patrologia Graeca'' 19–24. Paris, 1857. Online at [http://khazarzar.skeptik.net/pgm/PG_Migne/Eusebius%20Caesariensis_PG%2019-24/ Khazar Skeptik]. Accessed 4 November 2009. :** Richardson, Ernest Cushing, trans. ''Life of Constantine''. From ''Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers'', Second Series, Vol. 1. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1890. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. Online at [http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/2502.htm New Advent]. Accessed 9 June 2009. :** Cameron, Averil and Stuart Hall, trans. ''Life of Constantine''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. *Gregory Thaumaturgus. ''Oratio Panegyrica''. **Salmond, S.D.F., trans. From ''Ante-Nicene Fathers'', Vol. 6. Edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1886. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. Online at [http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/0604.htm New Advent]. Accessed 31 January 2010. * Jerome. ** ''Chronicon'' (''Chronicle'') ''ca''. 380. :** [[John Knight Fotheringham|Fotheringham, John Knight]], ed. ''The [[Bodleian Library|Bodleian]] Manuscript of Jerome's Version of the Chronicle of Eusebius''. Oxford: Clarendon, 1905. Online at the [https://archive.org/details/bodleianmanuscr00jerogoog Internet Archive]. Accessed 8 October 2009. :** Pearse, Roger, ''et al''., trans. ''The Chronicle of St. Jerome'', in ''Early Church Fathers: Additional Texts''. Tertullian, 2005. Online at [http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/jerome_chronicle_00_eintro.htm Tertullian]. Accessed 14 August 2009. ** ''de Viris Illustribus'' (''On Illustrious Men'') 392. :** Herding, W., ed. ''De Viris Illustribus'' (in Latin). Leipzig: Teubner, 1879. Online at [https://archive.org/details/heironymideviri00jerogoog Internet Archive]. Accessed 6 October 2009. :** ''Liber de viris inlustribus'' (in Latin). ''Texte und Untersuchungen'' 14. Leipzig, 1896. :** Richardson, Ernest Cushing, trans. ''De Viris Illustribus (On Illustrious Men)''. From ''Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers'', Second Series, Vol. 3. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1892. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. Online at [http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/2708.htm New Advent]. Accessed 15 August 2009. ** ''Epistulae'' (''Letters''). :** Fremantle, W.H., G. Lewis and W.G. Martley, trans. ''Letters''. From ''Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers'', Second Series, Vol. 6. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1893. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. Online at [http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/3001.htm New Advent] and [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/anf05.iv.iv.html CCEL]. Accessed 19 October 2009. * Origen. :''De Principiis'' (''On First Principles''). {{refend}} ==Tazama pia== *[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] == Tanbihi == {{Reflist}} ==Marejeo== {{refbegin|40em}} *{{cite book |last=Barnes|first=Timothy D. |title=Constantine and Eusebius |url=https://archive.org/details/constantineeuseb00barn|year=1981 |publisher=Harvard University Press |location=Cambridge, MA |isbn=978-0-674-16530-4 }} *{{cite book|last=Eusebius|title=Life of Constantine|year=1999|publisher=Clarendon Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-814924-8|others=Averil Cameron and Stuart G. Hall, trans}} *{{cite book|last=Drake|first=H. A.|title=Constantine and the bishops the policy of intolerance|year=2002|publisher=Johns Hopkins Press|location=Baltimore|isbn=978-0-8018-7104-7}} *{{cite book|last=Kofsky|first=Aryeh|title=Eusebius of Caesarea against paganism|year=2000|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden|isbn=978-90-04-11642-9}} *{{cite book|last=Lawlor|first=Hugh Jackson|title=Eusebiana: essays on the Ecclesiastical history of Eusebius, bishop of Caesarea |url=https://archive.org/details/eusebianaessays00lawluoft|location=Oxford|publisher=[[Clarendon Press]]|year=1912}} *{{cite book|last=Levine|first=Lee I.|title=Caesarea under Roman rule|year=1975|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden|isbn=978-90-04-04013-7}} *{{cite book|last=Louth|first=Andrew|chapter=Eusebius and the Birth of Church History|title=The Cambridge history of early Christian literature|url=https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory00youn|year=2004|publisher=Cambridge Univ. Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=978-0-521-46083-5|editor1-first=Frances|editor1-last=Young|editor2-first=Lewis|editor2-last=Ayres|editor3-first=Andrew|editor3-last=Louth|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory00youn/page/266 266]–274}} *{{cite book|last=Momigliano|first=Arnaldo|title=On pagans, Jews, and Christians|year=1989|publisher=Wesleyan University Press|location=Middletown, CT|isbn=978-0-8195-6218-0}} *{{cite book|last=Newman|first=John Henry|title=The Arians of the Fourth Century|url=https://archive.org/details/ariansfourthcen02newmgoog|edition=7th|location=London|publisher=Longmans, Green and Co|year=1890}} * Sabrina Inowlocki & Claudio Zamagni (eds), ''Reconsidering Eusebius: Collected papers on literary, historical, and theological issues'' (Leiden, Brill, 2011) (Vigiliae Christianae, Supplements, 107). *{{cite book|last=Wallace-Hadrill|first=D. S.|title=Eusebius of Caesarea|location=London|publisher=A. R. Mowbray|year=1960}} {{refend}} == Marejeo mengine == *{{cite book|editor1-last=Attridge|editor1-first=Harold W.|editor2-last=Hata|editor2-first=Gohei |title=Eusebius, Christianity, and Judaism|year=1992|publisher=Wayne State Univ. Press|location=Detroit|isbn=978-0-8143-2361-8}} *{{cite book|last=Chesnut|first=Glenn F.|title=The first Christian histories : Eusebius, Socrates, Sozomen, Theodoret, and Evagrius|year=1986|publisher=Mercer University Press|location=Macon, GA|isbn=978-0-86554-164-1|edition=2nd}} *{{cite book|last=Drake|first=H. A.|title=In praise of Constantine : a historical study and new translation of Eusebius' Tricennial orations|url=https://archive.org/details/inpraiseofconsta0000drak|year=1976|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|isbn=978-0-520-09535-9}} *{{cite book|last=Eusebius|title=The History of the Church from Christ to Constantine|year=1984|publisher=Dorset Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-88029-022-7|others=G.A. Williamson, trans}} *{{cite book|last=Grant|first=Robert M.|title=Eusebius as Church Historian|url=https://archive.org/details/eusebiusaschurch0000gran|year=1980|publisher=Clarendon Pr.|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-826441-5}} *{{cite book|last=Valois|first=Henri de|title=The Ecclesiastical History of Eusebius Pamphilus|year=1833|publisher=Davis|location=Philadelphia|chapter=Annotations on the Life and Writings of Eusebius Pamphilus|others=S. E. Parker, trans}} ==Viungo vya nje== ;Vyanzo vikuu *[http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf201.toc.html Church History (Eusebius); The Life of Constantine (Eusebius)], online at ccel.org. *[http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/eusebius_martyrs.htm History of the Martyrs in Palestine (Eusebius)], English translation (1861) William Cureton. Website tertullian.org. *[http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/eusebius_canon_tables_01.htm Eusebius of Caesarea, The Gospel Canon Tables] * [https://www.roger-pearse.com/weblog/2019/05/11/eusebius-of-caesarea-six-extracts-from-the-commentary-on-the-psalms-in-english/ Eusebius, Six extracts from the Commentary on the Psalms]. * [http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/20_30_0265-0339-_Eusebius_Caesariensis,_Sanctus.html ''Opera Omnia'' by Migne Patrologia Graeca with analytical indexes] complete Greek text of Eusebius' works ;Vyanzo vingine *[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05617b.htm "Eusebius"] in ''New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia'' (1917) *[http://www.tertullian.org/rpearse/eusebius/ Eusebius of Caesarea] at the [http://www.tertullian.org Tertullian Project] *[http://www.earlychurch.org.uk/eusebius.php Extensive bibliography at EarlyChurch.org] *[http://www.fourthcentury.com/index.php/eusebius-chart Chronological list of Eusebius's writings] {{mbegu-Mkristo}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Eusebi wa Kaisarea}} [[Category:Waliozaliwa 260]] [[Category:Waliofariki 339]] [[Category:Maaskofu]] [[Category:Waandishi wa Kigiriki]] [[Category:Wanahistoria wa Israeli]] [[Jamii:Wanateolojia wa Israeli]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Israeli]] fgwn5bdcm8ivs7d9430zq6p83pzqcqc 0 127518 1234006 1161324 2022-07-21T21:23:04Z Niegodzisie 35822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Shri Narendra Modi.jpg|office=[[Waziri Mkuu|14 Waziri Mkuu wa Uhindi]]|president=Ram Nath Kovind<br>Pranab Mukherjee|term_start=26 Mei 2014|term_end=|predecessor=Manmohan Singh|birth_name=Narendra Damodardas Modi|birth_date={{birth date and age|1950|9|17|df=y}}|birth_place=Vadnagar, [[Uhindi]]|party=Muhindi watu chama cha|otherparty=Jumuiya ya Kitaifa ya Kidemokrasia|spouse=Jashodaben Modi ({{abbr|m.|married}}&nbsp;1968; iliyotengwa)<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.ndtv.com/elections-news/jashodaben-named-by-narendra-modi-as-his-wife-prays-for-him-to-become-pm-557031?&tb_cb=1 |title = Jashodaben, named by Narendra Modi as his wife, prays for him to become PM}}</ref>|residence=7, Lok Kalyan Marg, [[New Delhi]], Uhindi|alma_mater=[[University of Delhi]]|signature=Signature of Narendra Modi (Hindi).svg|website={{url|narendramodi.in|Official website}}<br />{{url|pmindia.gov.in|Government website}}}} '''Narendra Damodardas Modi''' (amezaliwa [[17 Septemba]] [[1950]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[India]] anayehudumu kama [[Waziri Mkuu]] wa 14 na wa sasa wa [[Uhindi]] tangu [[mwaka]] [[2014]]. Awali alikuwa Waziri Mkuu wa [[Gujarat]] kutoka mwaka [[2001]] hadi [[2014]] na ni [[Mbunge]] wa [[Bunge]] la [[Taifa]] kwa [[jimbo]] la [[Varanasi]]. Modi ni mwanachama wa [[Chama cha kisiasa|chama]] cha [[Uhindu|Kihindu]] Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).<ref>{{Citation|last=Gettleman|first=Jeffrey|title=Narendra Modi, India’s ‘Watchman,’ Captures Historic Election Victory|date=2019-05-23|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/23/world/asia/narendra-modi-election-win.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2020-07-13|last2=Goel|first2=Vindu|last3=Schultz|first3=Kai|last4=Raj|first4=Suhasini|last5=Kumar|first5=Hari}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== <references /> ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Uhindi]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Uhindi]] noncwmg0798mvg6mqx9np60qpdwg30m 14 132254 1233975 1138135 2022-07-21T13:28:12Z ChriKo 35 Badiliko la jamii wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Parazoa]] 8fnr26o742sbubpgh0typd084pqjfpm 3 132366 1233991 1233742 2022-07-21T14:46:35Z MediaWiki message delivery 17311 /* Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 */ mjadala mpya wikitext text/x-wiki {{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' 07:28, 16 Januari 2021 (UTC) :Badala ya kuondoa mabango yetu viongozi, saidia kurekebisha makala zenye matatizo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:22, 14 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==Kuhusu Uhariri== Salamu sana ndugu Justine Msechu Hongera kwa jitihada zako katika uhariri ndani wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili, jaribu sasa kupitia sana ukurasa wa mabadiliko ya karibuni ili kuona namna gani makala zako zinavyoendelea kuboreshwa , ili utumie maboresho hayo katika makala nyingine,pia pitia baadhi ya makala nyingine ili kuongeza maarifa zaidi katika uhariri, amani nyingi kwako --'''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' ==Viungo vyekundu== Ndugu, naona unapenda kuondoa mabano katika maneno yasiyopata bado makala. Usifanye hivi: viungo vyekundu ni vichocheo vya uandishi wa kurasa mpya. Pia naomba unapoona sisi wakabidhi tumefanya kitu, fikiri mara mbili kabla ya kukifuta. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:44, 26 Mei 2021 (UTC) ==tahajia, herufi kubwa na ndogo, kutumia vyanzo== Habari, tafadhali angalia nilivyohariri makala ya [[Mnara wa Taa Wa Cap Rosa‎]]. Katika jina naomba uangalie matumizi wa herufi kubw ana ndogo. Tafuta makala kuhusu "mnara wa taa", angalia jinsi tulivyotumia herufi kubwa na ndogo. Pia haifai kabisa kutumia "Wa" badala ya "wa". Uliweza kuangalia makala ya Kiingereza na kutafuta vyanzo humo. Hata kama ziko kwenye sanduku la habari (infobox) ambayo hatuwezi kunakili. Lakini unaweza kufungua tovunye tanbihi / footnotes na kuzifungua moja-moja, kukopi URL na kuchukua habari kutoka hapa jinsi nilivyofanya. Jaribu!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 18:04, 9 Juni 2021 (UTC) ==Viungo vya Ndani== Habari, jaribu kutazama katika makala zako,ili kuwa na makala bora zaidi, jaribu kutokurudia rudia viungo vya ndani vya jina moja makala moja, pia majina ya watu au miji, ni vizuri sana kama utawekea alama hizi hapa [[]] badala ya kuyafanya yaonekane kama italic, pia ukiandika makala moja fanya juhudi kuirudia yena kuitazama hata baada ya masaa mawili ili kuona kitu gani kimebadilika kwa ajili ya maboresho zaidi, Amani sana Kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' ==Usitafsiri hovyo, tafakari kwanza!!== Kaka nimepitilia makala ya [[Uwanja wa michezo wa Gelvandale]]. Ni sawa ukitumia jina la Kiingereza "Gelvendale Stadium" kama hilo ni jina la kienyeji. Lakini ukitafsiri matini tafadhali utumie akili yako! Kwa kiswahili hakuna "taa za mafuriko", isipokuwa katika hali ya dharura kama mafuriko yanatokea wakati wa usiku. Mafuriko gani kwenye uwanja wa michezo? Ukikuta maneno hayo kwenye intaneti ni maneno yaliyobuniwa na programu otomatiki ambako kompyuta inajaribu kutafsiri. Usitafsiri matini usiyoelewa, na Kiingereza katika makala hiyo hujaelewa mara kadhaa. Athletic track si "vifaa vya riadha" (ni njia maalum ya kukimbia). ''"The stadium was previously used for professional football matches"''inamaanisha: uwanji uliwahi kutumiwa kwa mechi za mpira (wa kulipwa)" - LAKINI si: "Uwanja huo hapo awali ulikuwa ukitumika kuanda mechi na chama cha mpira wa miguu." "Training venue" si ukumbi... Tafadhali fanya polepole. Unasababisha kazi nyingi kwa wengine wanaopaswa kusahihisha. Ninakushauri utunge mambo yako kwanza kwenye ukurasa mdogo wa nafasi yako ya mtumiaji, umwombe mwtu mwingine asome halafu hamisha kwenye nafasi ya makala. Ukiwa na swali, uliza! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 08:40, 16 Juni 2021 (UTC) ::Samahani, naona makala haikuanzishwa na wewe, kwa hiyo makosa mengi si yako kiasili. Kwa hiyo samahani kama nimetaja mambo ambayo si yako. Hata hivyo, ukipitia makala, naomba sana usinyamazte ukiona matini ambayo haieleweki, jinsi ilivyokuwa katika makala hiyo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 09:20, 16 Juni 2021 (UTC) :Shukrani kiongozi ngoja nijaribu kuzipitia zaidii na nifuraha unapokua unatukosoa tunajifunza mengi. ==Umakini == Nikiangalia [[Uwanja wa michezo wa Naivasha]] naomba: Utumie [[lemma]] (jina rasmi ya makala) pia kama maneno ya kwanza ya matini yako (hapo uliandika "Uwanja wa Naivasha" tu). Halafu jina la barabara usitafsiri, kama hujui jina rasmi la Kiswahili (ninavyojua haiko). Matini yako "Barabara ya Ziwa Moi Kusini" ilileta picha kama kuna "Ziwa Moi" ambayo halipo. Kama ingetafsiriwa ingekuwa "Barabara ya Moi Ziwa Kusini" lakini sina ushuhuda kwa hiyo. Unaweza kuangalia ramani mfano https://www.google.com/maps/search/naivasha/@-0.7172697,36.4297056,17.25z utaona "Moi Avenue" inaendelea kama "Moi S. Lake Road". Halafu ukumbuke tuna lemma [[uwanja wa michezo]], unaweza kuitumia. Ni vema ulikumbuka kuweka jamii:Viwanja vya michezo vya nchiXXX. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 09:52, 16 Juni 2021 (UTC) ==Picha ya Ol Kalou== Umebandika picha inayoonyesha eneo la Rongai lakini makala inazungumzia eneo la OL Kalou na picha inayonyesha sunset ,Tazama makala hiyo hapa https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol_Kalou, ni vyema kutumia umakini zaidi wakati wa kuweka picha ili kusiwe na mgongano kati ya makala na picha, Amani sana, ==Matumizi ya ramani== Ndugu umekopi mara kadhaa ramani kwa umbo la location map. Hii ni bure kabisa maana hazifanyi kazi kwetu. "Location map" inaleta tu ile ramani ndogo ya nchi fulani lakini hakuna nukta penye mji fulani. Heri uziondoe tena. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:47, 12 Julai 2021 (UTC) :Nawezaje kuweka na iyo location yake? ::Huwezi. Haijaandaliwa kwetu bado. Pia ni vema ukitia sahihi ukiandika kwa alama za '''<big><nowiki>~~~~</nowiki></big>'''. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 11:06, 12 Julai 2021 (UTC) ==[[Peju Layiwola]]== Makala hiyo ilipewa onyo la "tafsiri ya kompyuta" haikusahihishwa bado. Nadhani wewe uliianzisha, nimeipendekeza sasa kwa ufutaji. Unaweza kushiriki kwenye majadiliano. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 11:06, 12 Julai 2021 (UTC) ==Kisiwa Cha Mongo== Katika makala hii hapa https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisiwa_cha_Mongo umeweka picha inayoonyesha ramani ya bara la Afrika katika Nchi ya Congo na wakati huo makala inazungumzia mkoa uliopo Tanzania, picha za aina hii zinaondoa maana kwa watu wanaotaka kujifunza kupitia Wikipedia kwa sababu hazina uhalisia na makala, kuweni makini wakati mnapotafuta picha na kujihakikishia kwanza picha inayobandikwa inafanana na maudhui yaliyopo katika makala husika, '''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' ==[[Sartrouville]]== City Hall si ukumbi, ni jengo la (ofisi ya) mji / manisipaa. Naomba utafakari vema unachoandika kama maelezo ya picha. Halafu swali: kwa nini hurudi kusahihisha makala zinazozajwa hapa juu? Badala yake unaongeza tu kurasa bila kujali makosa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:13, 13 Julai 2021 (UTC) ....sikuona huo ukurasa ila nimeshabdili. ==Africa Wiki Challenge 2021== Dear --'''[[User:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[User:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]])''' Congratulations for winning this year’s Africa Wiki Challenge. You are by this mail invited to join our 2021 Annual General Meeting and Award Ceremony on: Date: 2nd December 2021 Time: 10:00 AM to 13:00 PM UTC via zoom. Links on our streaming will be made available to you in our next email. While waiting, is there any shop that allows online purchase to be made? Regards, '''[[User:Naa Tsotsoo|Naa Tsotsoo]] ([[User:Naa Tsotsoo|Naa Tsotsoo]])''' ( talk ) Thank you so mach and yes there is online shop. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' == Affiliations Committee (AffCom) Member & Advisor Elections - Final Reminder for January 2022 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Translations/Member & Advisor elections final reminder for January 2022|Translations]] are available.'' This is a friendly reminder that the '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]]''' – which is responsible for guiding volunteers in establishing and sustaining Wikimedia chapters, thematic organizations, and user groups – is seeking new members and advisors! The deadline to post your application on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Candidates/January 2022|Member nomination page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Advisors/2022|Advisor nomination]] is 31 January 2022. If you know somebody you think may be interested, please share and encourage them to consider applying. If you have any questions please email affcom@wikimedia.org before the application deadline or reach out to any of the current members. Good luck to all the candidates! On behalf of the committee,<br> [[User:FULBERT|FULBERT]] ([[User talk:FULBERT|talk]]) 17:32, 25 January 2022 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:FULBERT@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=22650505 --> ==Victoria Kimani== Ndugu, hongera kwa kazi, ila unapokuta ukurasa upo tayari, usianze upya kwa kutumia tafsiri nzima kutoka Kiingereza, ila ongezea tu. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:12, 18 Februari 2022 (UTC) :Okay Asante. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 20:27, 18 Februari 2022 (UTC) ==Tanbihi== Ndugu, usiondoe <nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki> katika sehemu ya tanbihi, kwa kuwa unasababisha hizo zitokee chini mno. Ukitaka kuongeza <nowiki>{{mbegu}}</nowiki>, kwa mfano <nowiki>{{mbegu-mtu}}</nowiki>, weka tu chini ya <nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki>. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:27, 6 Machi 2022 (UTC) :Okay nimeelewa sasa. je naweza kuziweka kwenye makala nyingine? '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:32, 6 Machi 2022 (UTC) ::Nakukumbusha tena namna sahihi ni kuandika hivi: <nowiki>== Marejeo == {{reflist}}</nowiki> si <nowiki>==Marejeleo==</nowiki> bila <nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki>. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:54, 19 Machi 2022 (UTC) ::Sawa Nimekumbuka '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 19 Machi 2022 (UTC) :::Habari ndugu Riccardo, Naomba ufwatilie account ya Mtumiaji Jumanne Mwita kwenye mabadiliko ya hivi karibuni kuna shida kidogo '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:11, 6 Aprili 2022 (UTC) ::::Ni kweli, afadhali umuarifu Kipala aone la kufanya. Asante sana. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:54, 7 Aprili 2022 (UTC) == Campaigns Product Update #3 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! We are excited to share our updates: *'''Proposal to create new namespaces''': We have proposed to create two namespaces, which are “'''Event'''” and “'''Event talk'''.” This way, we can easily create an Event Center that pulls data from event pages. This Event Center may include tools to create event pages with registration support, a calendar of events, and event statistics, among other features. More importantly, the Event Center will highlight organizing as an essential part of the Wikimedia movement. Please give us feedback on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T296280 Phabricator] or [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_March_2022_update|Meta]] about our proposal to create two new namespaces. *'''Engineering updates''': We are excited that we have finished hiring for our engineering team! Three engineers and an engineering manager have joined our team since our last update. In the last few months, they have conducted technical planning and launched the building phase of the project. They are now building the registration tool. You can see the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|updated team on meta]]. *'''Design updates''': We conducted usability tests with a small group of testers for early feedback on the desktop wireframes. After collecting this feedback, we have developed a new version for desktop wireframes, which will be ready to share in the next few weeks. These desktop wireframes display the user flow of two experiences: one for organizers who want to add registration to their event pages, and another for participants who want to register for an event. Additionally, the design team is also currently working on the first version of mobile wireframes, which will be shared during the next office hour. ::1. View the latest desktop wireframes in '''Figma''' for [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1899%3A44995&scaling=min-zoom&page-id=1472%3A36710&starting-point-node-id=1899%3A44995&show-proto-sidebar=1&hide-ui=1 Campaign Organizer Prototype] and [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1998%3A49612&scaling=min-zoom&page-id=1472%3A36710&starting-point-node-id=1998%3A49612&show-proto-sidebar=1&hide-ui=1 Participant Registration Prototype]. ::2. [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_project_principles_&_wireframes_(October_2021)|Leave us some feedback]] on the desktop wireframes. Note that we haven’t posted the newest version of the desktop wireframes on the project page yet, but we will soon (and you can feel free to add feedback on any version you have seen). *'''Ambassador updates''': Three product ambassadors for the Arabic, French and Swahili communities have now joined our team! They will help us collect feedback from Wikimedia communities about the project and understand the needs of organizers, through gathering first-hand information. These ambassadors are immersed as actual members of these communities, so they will also help us identify the needs of the organizers in our pilot communities. The ambassadors are: [[m:User:Bachounda (WMF)|'''M. Bachounda''']] for Arabic communities, [[m:User:Geugeor-WMF|'''Georges Fodouop''']] for French communities, and [[m:User:AMtavangu (WMF)|'''Antoni Mtavangu''']] for Swahili communities. '''What is next?''' :'''Next Office Hour''': We will be holding an office hour on '''March 31, 2022''' at 15:00 UTC, which will be conducted via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320 '''Zoom''']. We invite everyone to attend, and we really hope to see you! The focus will be on the Registration Tool. The team will also be providing community updates on the usability test findings and design highlights for the wireframes. We will also share our current Project timeline and answer any questions you may have. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 03|Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!]] :In a few months, we are expecting to have the early testable version of the tool. By then, the team will be doing the first round of general testing and gathering feedback. We are looking forward to adding more features on the tool such as communication support, potentially by the end of this year. If you know other organizers that might be interested in following these developments, please recommend that they [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|subscribe to the newsletter]]. We want to receive as much feedback as we can. Thank you! '''The Campaign Product Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:26, 22 Machi 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23033286 --> == Campaign Product Team Office Hour - March 31, 2022 == Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The Campaign Product Team will be hosting the next office hour to share exciting updates on the Registration Tool and new proposed namespaces for events. We will also be sharing community updates on the usability tests and design highlights of the latest mobile and desktop wireframes. Join us and share your thoughts on these developments! :Date: '''March 31, 2022''' :Time: 15:00 UTC :Zoom Link: https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320 You may also watch [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jT8fRUWjfI Campaigns Office Hour: Introducing the Campaigns Product Team] to learn more about the Team and the previous wireframes. Feel free to send a message to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you want to receive an email reminder for this meeting. Thank you. '''The Campaign Product Team''' '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:37, 30 Machi 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23066888 --> <strike> == Enabling Section Translation: a new mobile translation experience == {{int:Hello}} Swahili Wikipedians! Apologies as this message is not in Swahili language, {{Int:Please-translate}}. The [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_engineering WMF Language team] is pleased to let you know that we will like to enable the [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section translation]] tool in Swahili Wikipedia. For this, our team will love you to read about the tool and test it so you can: *Give us your feedback *Ask us questions *Tell us how to improve it. Below is background information about Section translation, why we have chosen your community, and how to test it. '''Background information''' [[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] has been a successful tool for editors to create content in their language. More than one million articles have been created across all languages since the tool was released in 2015. The Wikimedia Foundation Language team has improved the translation experience further with the Section Translation. The WMF Language team enabled the early version of the tool in February in Bengali Wikipedia. Through their feedback, the tool was improved and ready for your community to test and help us with feedback to make it better. [https://design.wikimedia.org/strategy/section-translation.html Section Translation] extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will: *Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones. *Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device. Swahili Wikipedia seems an ideal candidate to enjoy this new tool since data shows significant mobile editing activity. We plan to enable the tool on Swahili Wikipedia in the coming weeks if there are no objections from your community. After it is enabled, we’ll monitor the content created with the tool and process all the feedback. In any case, feel free to raise any concerns or questions you may already have in any of the following formats: *As a reply to this message *On [[mw:Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation|the project talk page]]. '''Try the tool''' Before the enablement, you can try the current implementation of the tool in [https://test.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation our testing instance]. Once it is enabled on Swahili Wikipedia, you’ll have access to https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation with your mobile device. You can select an article to translate, and machine translation will be provided as a starting point for editors to improve. '''Provide feedback''' Please provide feedback about Section translation in any of the formats you are most comfortable with. We want to hear about your impressions on: *The tool *What you think about our plans to enable it *Your ideas for improving the tool. Thanks, and we look forward to your feedback and questions. '''[[Mtumiaji:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:UOzurumba (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 04:10, 14 Aprili 2022 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team '''PS''': Sending your feedback or questions in English is particularly appreciated. But, you can still send them in the language of your choice. </strike> == Feminism and Folklore 2022 - Local prize winners == <div style="border:8px brown ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''{{int:please-translate}}'' Congratulations for winning a local prize in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competition. Thank you for your contribution and documenting your local folk culture on Wikipedia. Please fill in your preferences before 15th of June 2022 to receive your prize. Requesting you to fill [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScK5HgvVaLph_r_afctwShUuYVtXNwaN24HUSEYnzUUho8d-Q/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] before the deadline to avoid disappointments. Feel free to [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Contact Us|contact us]] if you need any assistance or further queries. Best wishes, [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|FNF 2022 International Team]] ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 22 Mei 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=23312270 --> == Usisahau Interwiki == Habari Justine, naona bado unasahau wakati mwingine kuunganisha makala katika interwiki. Tafadhali ukumbuke! Ona: [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo_(Viungo_vya_Wikipedia)#Interwiki]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 17:10, 2 Juni 2022 (UTC) :Sawa kiongozi... '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 04:56, 3 Juni 2022 (UTC) == Event Registration Tool: Demo and Invitation to Test == Hello Subscribers! [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''The Campaigns Product  Team''']] from the Wikimedia Foundation will be hosting two office hours to  demo the new [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], and train organizers how to  use it. In these office hours, you will learn how to: * Create an event page in the new event namespace (as an event organizer) * Enable registration on your event page (as an event organizer) * Collect data on who registered for your event (as an event organizer) * Register for an event on the event page (as an event participant) You can attend one office hour or both, depending on your availability on the following dates: * Session 1: '''Thursday, July 21, 2022 at 5:00 PM UTC''' * Session 2: '''Saturday, July 23, 2022 at 12:00 PM UTC''' These events will be multilingual, with live interpretations in '''Arabic''', '''English''', '''French''', '''Italian''', and '''Portuguese''', and '''Swahili'''. Note that Portuguese will be available on the 21st, but not the 23rd. We strongly encourage you to join and share your feedback on the tool. Your feedback will help us improve the tool so that Wikimedians can have a better event experience. To register, please reply to this email or [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 07|'''''sign-up to our page''''']], by adding your signature. Thank you! <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> '''[[Mtumiaji:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:IBrazal (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 06:40, 18 Julai 2022 (UTC) == Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 == Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] will be having an office hour today, '''July 21, 2022 at 17:00 UTC''' via '''Zoom''' to demo the first release of the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']]. You may join the office hour using this [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/83538569035 '''meeting link''']. We look forward to your participation. Thank you. Best, The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:46, 21 Julai 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23512297 --> 77lzvtbc3if6qx93yjjn3o8ej5mmfjh 0 133940 1233988 1224919 2022-07-21T14:27:43Z 41.59.89.22 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hafidh Ameir''' ni [[mume]] wa [[rais]] wa [[sita]] wa [[Tanzania]] [[Mama]] [[Samia Suluhu Hassan]] akiwa na [[asili]] ya [[kisiwa|visiwani]] [[Zanzibar]]. Hafidhi ni [[mtaalamu]] mstaafu wa masuala ya [[kilimo]] <ref>https://www.voanews.com/africa/samia-hassan-poised-become-tanzanias-first-woman-president</ref> na walifunga [[ndoa]] na Mama Samia [[mwaka]] [[1978]] <ref>https://kiswahili.tuko.co.ke/406475-picha-za-kupendeza-za-mume-wa-rais-wa-tanzania-samia-suluhu-hassan-hafidh-ameir.html</ref> na wamejaaliwa kupata [[watoto]] wanne <ref>https://www.bbc.com/swahili/habari-56374036</ref>; mmojawao, [[Wanu Hafidh Ameir]], ni [[mwanasiasa]] kama [[mama]] yake <ref>http://www.parliament.go.tz/polis/index.php/members/560</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.zanzibarassembly.go.tz/new-members-cv/hon.wanu-hafidh-ameir.php |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2021-03-26 |archivedate=2021-03-18 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318215127/https://www.zanzibarassembly.go.tz/new-members-cv/hon.wanu-hafidh-ameir.php }}</ref> na [[mjumbe]] wa [[Baraza la Wawakilishi wa Zanzibar]] <ref>https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/news/east-africa/suluhu-time-to-serve-3329244</ref>. ni mtu mwema sana na amempa utulivu Rais wetu. ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Zanzibar]] t0rz1pi9v6k4h7tvb0iefg6ssqifzr8 1234011 1233988 2022-07-22T07:40:59Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Masahihisho aliyefanya [[Special:Contributions/41.59.89.22|41.59.89.22]] ([[User talk:41.59.89.22|Majadiliano]]) yalirejeshwa hadi sahihisho la mwisho na [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hafidh Ameir''' ni [[mume]] wa [[rais]] wa [[sita]] wa [[Tanzania]] [[Mama]] [[Samia Suluhu Hassan]] akiwa na [[asili]] ya [[kisiwa|visiwani]] [[Zanzibar]]. Hafidhi ni [[mtaalamu]] mstaafu wa masuala ya [[kilimo]] <ref>https://www.voanews.com/africa/samia-hassan-poised-become-tanzanias-first-woman-president</ref> na walifunga [[ndoa]] na Mama Samia [[mwaka]] [[1978]] <ref>https://kiswahili.tuko.co.ke/406475-picha-za-kupendeza-za-mume-wa-rais-wa-tanzania-samia-suluhu-hassan-hafidh-ameir.html</ref> na wamejaaliwa kupata [[watoto]] wanne <ref>https://www.bbc.com/swahili/habari-56374036</ref>; mmojawao, [[Wanu Hafidh Ameir]], ni [[mwanasiasa]] kama [[mama]] yake <ref>http://www.parliament.go.tz/polis/index.php/members/560</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.zanzibarassembly.go.tz/new-members-cv/hon.wanu-hafidh-ameir.php |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2021-03-26 |archivedate=2021-03-18 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318215127/https://www.zanzibarassembly.go.tz/new-members-cv/hon.wanu-hafidh-ameir.php }}</ref> na [[mjumbe]] wa [[Baraza la Wawakilishi wa Zanzibar]] <ref>https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/news/east-africa/suluhu-time-to-serve-3329244</ref>. ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Zanzibar]] b7n6icoq6ht7v4473ugeabrxmq3mu3i 2 136329 1234007 1166441 2022-07-22T05:50:37Z Amani John Tsuma 47932 wikitext text/x-wiki Amani John Tsuma was born in Kilifi county, Coastal region of Kenya. He was born on 4th, January 2000. He's a student bachelor of arts in Economics at Moi University, Eldoret. h105wbg7m8bhf5p0bf99zliuudspnfj 1234008 1234007 2022-07-22T05:55:26Z Amani John Tsuma 47932 wikitext text/x-wiki Amani John Tsuma was born in Kilifi county, Coastal region of Kenya on 4th January 2000. He studies bachelor of arts in Economics at Moi University, Eldoret. Father: John Ezekiel Tsuma Mother: Kadzo Sulubu Mwambaji He's interested in Writing Swahili poems (Mashairi), Politics, economic matters. He is a 100M sprinter still looking for an opportunity to show his skills to the world Email: amanijohn29yahoo 9rh6w2yaovk1vwnrgt1k9i5ap29ip13 0 145488 1233996 1207276 2022-07-21T17:29:43Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8.8 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eye Care Foundation''' ([[kifupi]]: '''ECF''') ni shirika la kimataifa la kutoa misaada linalofanya kazi katika zaidi ya nchi 20 nchini [[Asia]]<ref>[https://punemirror.indiatimes.com/pune/ kiraia/macho-daktari-na-old-mafunzo-may-miss-glaucoma/articleshow/62781907.cms Madaktari wa macho walio na mafunzo ya zamani wanaweza kukosa glakoma] IndiaTimes.com (5 Feb 2018). Ilirejeshwa tarehe 05 Mei 2018.</ref> na [[Afrika]].<ref>[https://guardian.ng/news/africas-first-rotary-eye-hospital-nearing-completion-in-lagos/ Africa's Hospitali ya kwanza ya Rotary Eye inakaribia kukamilika Lagos] The Guardian.ng (6 Sept 2017). Ilirejeshwa tarehe 04 Mei 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/04/free-health-mission-8-month-old-aged-recover-sight/ Umri wa miezi 8 , wenye umri, rudisha kuona] VanGuardngr.com (18 Aprili 2018). Ilirejeshwa tarehe 05 Mei 2018.</ref> ECF ilianzishwa wakati ''Eyecare Worldwide'' na ''Mekong Eye Doctors'' zilipoungana [[mwaka]] wa [[2008]].<ref>[https://beta.volkskrant.nl/economie/instellingen-ooghulp-slaan-handen-ineen~b326b9b2 / Instellingen ooghulp slaan handen ineen] Volkskrant.nl (25 Julai 2008). Ilirejeshwa tarehe 05 Mei 2018.</ref> Mashirika hayo mawili yalishiriki malengo sawa na kufanya kazi pamoja kwa kuwa msingi wa sasa umeonekana kuwa wa ufanisi zaidi. [[Mkurugenzi Mtendaji]] wa ECF ni [[Björn Stenvers]]. == Historia == Eyecare Worldwide (1984) ilianzishwa na [[daktari]] [[daktari wa macho|wa macho]] wa [[Uholanzi]] ambaye aliguswa na hali mbaya ya [[idadi]] kubwa ya watu ambao walikuwa na [[upofu]] ambao ungeweza kuponywa au hata kuzuiwa. Mekong Eye Doctors (1993) ilianzishwa na mwanabiokemia wa Uholanzi baada ya kuwa nchini [[Uthai|Thailand]] kufanya [[utafiti]] wa [[Jicho|macho]]. Eye Foundation inasaidia miradi nchini [[Kamboja|Kambodia]], [[Laos]], [[Nepal]], [[Tanzania]] na [[Vietnam]] ili kuzuia na kuponya [[ulemavu]] wa macho na upofu unaozuilika. Wakfu pia husaidia watu ambao hawawezi kupata [[huduma]] nzuri ya macho na hawawezi kumudu huduma ya macho kama vile [[miwani]] au [[upasuaji]] wa [[mtoto wa jicho]]. Eye Care Foundation ina [[ofisi]] na [[hospitali]] katika eneo la [[Himalaya]] ([[Nepal]]), Asia ya Kusini-mashariki ([[Vietnam]],<ref>[https://www.sc.com/global/ av/eye-care-programme.pdf Standard Chartered yapanua mpango wa huduma ya macho kwa watu zaidi ya milioni 2.2 nchini Vietnam] StandardChartered, Sc.com (22 Januari 2016). Ilirejeshwa tarehe 05 Mei 2018.</ref> [[Cambodia]], [[Laos]]) na [[Afrika]] ([[Tanzania]]).<ref>[https://www.northwestsignal.net/news/article_a9e07fdf-5218-5517-befd-d90dd5f229a8.html Klabu ya Simba ya Ndani hujifunza kuhusu Eye Care Foundation] Northwest Signal.net (4 Mei 2018). Ilirejeshwa tarehe 04 Mei 2018.</ref> [[Toine van Peperstraten]] ni Balozi wa Wakfu wa Huduma ya Macho.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Toine van Peperstraten zet zich in voor Eye Care Foundation|url=https: //nederlandsmedianieuws.nl/TV-en-Video/tv-en-video-nieuws/Toine-van-Peperstraten-zet-zich-in-voor-Eye-Care-Foundation/|url-status=live|accessdate=2022-07-21|archivedate=2022-05-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511035728/https://nederlandsmedianieuws.nl/TV-en-Video/tv-en-video-nieuws/Toine-van-Peperstraten-zet-zich-in-voor-Eye-Care-Foundation/}}</ref> == Nchi inakofanya kazi == === Tanzania === ECF imesaidia idara ya afya ya macho ya Hospitali ya Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Eye Clinic|url=https://www.kcmc.ac.tz/Services/eye.php|access-date=2021-05-06|website=www.kcmc.ac.tz|accessdate=2022-01-05|archivedate=2021-05-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506205813/https://www.kcmc.ac.tz/Services/eye.php}}</ref> tangu [[2009]] na amekuwa na ofisi nchini Tanzania tangu [[2018]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shughuli za Taasisi ya Macho nchini Tanzania|url=https://www.iapb.org/about/news/eye-care-foundation-activities-in- tanzania/|access-date=2021-05-06|website=Shirika la Kimataifa la Kuzuia Upofu|language=en-GB}}</ref> === Kambodia === Wakfu huo umetoa msaada kwa ajili ya huduma ya macho nchini Kambodia tangu 1997, kusaidia watu wasiojiweza kiuchumi na kijamii. ECF inalenga kujenga mtandao thabiti wa huduma ya macho na kutoa huduma ya macho kwa bei nafuu kwa kuweka idara za ubora wa juu za huduma ya macho katika hospitali za ndani.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Eyes Care Foundation|url=https://www. ccc-cambodia.org/en/ngodb/ngo-information/325|access-date=2021-05-06|website=www.ccc-cambodia.org}}</ref> Wameshirikiana na Mpango wa Kitaifa wa Macho Afya kwa kufanya kazi kwa ushirikiano na Huduma za Afya za Mkoa katika majimbo ya Ratanakiri, Mondulkiri, Kratie, Svay Rieng, Tbong Khmum, Preah Vihear, Oddar Meanchey na Pailin. ECF imeanzisha huduma za utunzaji wa macho kwa vikundi kama vile makabila madogo, watu wenye ulemavu, na wanawake na watoto.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wakfu wa Macho, Kambodia {{!}} The Center for Health Market Innovations|url =https://healthmarketinnovations.org/program/eye-care-foundation-cambodia|access-date=2021-05-06|website=healthmarketinnovations.org}}</ref> Mnamo 2007, Ofisi ya Kambodia huko Phnom Penh ilikuwa kufunguliwa. === Laos === ECF ilitembelea Laos kwa mara ya kwanza mwaka wa 2007, na kuanza miradi katika majimbo ya Xieng Khouang na Houa Phanh mwaka wa 2011. Msaada ulitolewa katika mikoa hii ili kuongeza ubora na upatikanaji wa huduma ya macho. Mnamo 2018, ofisi ya shamba huko Laos ilifunguliwa. Madaktari wawili wa ophthalmologists walikamilisha ukaaji wa ophthalmology na kuanza kazi yao kwenye miradi katika majimbo ya Houaphan na Saysomboun. Huko Saysomboun, kitengo kipya cha huduma ya macho kilianzishwa na kutayarishwa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ripoti ya Mwaka ya Wakfu wa Macho 2016|url=https://cdn.geef.nl/jaarverslag/document/1528370220_ecf-annual- report-2016.pdf|url-status=live}}{{Dead link|date=January 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === Nepal === ECF inasaidia hospitali kuu mbili nchini Nepal; huko Mechi na Pokhara. ECF inasaidia programu za afya ya macho huko Gandaki, Dhaulagiri, Mechi, Gorkha na Karnali. Ofisi ya Nepali ilifunguliwa mwaka wa 1988.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Himalaya Eye Hospital|url=http://heh.org.np/|access-date=2021-05-06|language=en-US}{{Dead link|date=January 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} }</ref> === Vietnam === ECF inasaidia huduma ya macho nchini Vietnam tangu 1993. Hapo awali, msingi huo ulihusika katika kuandaa kambi za macho zinazoendeshwa na wataalamu wa ophthalmologists na wauguzi wa Uholanzi, kusaidia kutibu wagonjwa wengi wa cataract iwezekanavyo. ECF imeanzisha vituo 2 vya maono huko Vinh Long na Dong Thap, kwa usaidizi wa wafadhili, na kuongeza jumla ya vituo 16 vya Maono kwa usaidizi wa Wakfu kote katika eneo la Mekong Delta.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wakfu wa Huduma ya Macho: Kuimarisha huduma za afya ya macho shuleni katika ngazi ya wilaya nchini Vietnam|url=https://www.iapb.org/news/eye-care-foundation-enhancing-school-eye-health-services-at-the-district-level- in-vietnam/|access-date=2021-05-06|website=The International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ofisi ya Vietnam katika Jiji la Ho Chi Minh ilifunguliwa mwaka wa 2008. ==Tanbihi== {{Marejeo}} == Marejeo == * ''Siku katika maisha ya Leyla & Ray.'' ECF: [[Dar Es Salaam]], 2021, ISBN 978-9090-355048 * ''A day in the life of Hy & Ry.'' Eye Care Foundation (ECF): [[Saigon]], 2021, ISBN 978-9090-355047 * ''Mission Eye Care.'' Johan Enschede Amsterdam (JEA): Amsterdam, 2019, ISBN 978-9-0830-14029. ==Viungo vya nje== *[http://www.eyecarefoundation.eu/ official] [[Jamii:Mashirika ya kimataifa]] 5r0c6x9si0q8jzkmz8saoazd5f9w3dk 0 148552 1234009 1233963 2022-07-22T07:33:51Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 wikitext text/x-wiki {{futa}} '''Wanawake wa Tanzania''' wanazidi kupata nafasi katika [[maisha]] ya [[jamii]], kama ilivyothibitishwa na uwepo wa [[rais]] [[Samia Suluhu Hassan]]. Vilevile [[mwaka]] [[2022]] wanashika [[asilimia]] 36 ya [[Mbunge|wabunge]] wote, na kwa mara ya pili [[Bunge]] limepata [[Spika]] mwanamke, tena kuna [[waziri|mawaziri]] tisa na wakuu wa mikoa wanne wanawake<ref>https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/kitaifa/mbowe-aivaa-ccm-yamjibu-3886986</ref>. Kwa upande mwingine, kati ya wenyeviti wa vijiji 11,915, asilimia 2.1 tu ni wanawake, kati ya wenyeviti wa mitaa 4,171, asilimia 12.6 tu ni wanawake na kati ya wenyeviti wa vitongoji 62,612 ni asilimia 6.7 tu ambao ni wanawake; tena kwa wabunge, kati ya wale wa majimbo 238, asilimia 9.1 tu ndiyo wanawake<ref>https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/kitaifa/mbowe-aivaa-ccm-yamjibu-3886986</ref>. Pia usalama wa [[wanawake]] nchini [[Tanzania]] umeimarika kwa kiasi kikubwa tangu [[karne ya 20]], hata hivyo [[taifa]] linasalia kuwa jamii yenye [[mfumo dume]] ambapo wanawake wanakabiliwa na viwango vya juu vya [[ukatili wa kijinsia]] <ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6238293</ref><ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/us-foundation-tanzania-women-idUSKCN0HX1PF20141008</ref><ref>http://hdr.undp.org/en/data</ref><ref>https://wef.ch/2QJxNA0</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu}} [[Jamii:Jinsia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Tanzania]] bt9kggf6mxmyrp74124qds5dm9smezr 0 153225 1234025 1233917 2022-07-22T08:59:15Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Senofonte, Maria na wanao''' Yohane na Arkadi (walifariki [[karne ya 6]]) walikuwa [[Ukristo|Wakristo]] wa [[Konstantinopoli]] ambao, kisha kujinyima hadhi ya [[Senati|kiseneta]] na [[mali]] nyingi, walishika maisha ya [[Mmonaki|umonaki]] [[mji|mjini]] [[Yerusalemu]]<ref>http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/38720</ref><ref>Great Synaxaristes: {{el}} ''[http://www.synaxarion.gr/gr/sid/1899/sxsaintinfo.aspx Ὁ Ὅσιος Ξενοφῶν μετὰ τῆς συμβίου του Μαρίας καὶ τῶν τέκνων Ἀρκαδίου καὶ Ἰωάννου].'' 26 Ιανουαρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.</ref><ref>''[http://oca.org/saints/lives/2013/01/26/100314-venerable-xenophon-of-constantinople Venerable Xenophon of Constantinople].'' OCA - Lives of the Saints.</ref><ref name=ECCLESIA>{{el}} Συναξαριστής. ''[http://www.ecclesia.gr/greek/synaxaire/synaxari.asp?minas=1&id=146 26 Ιανουαρίου].'' ECCLESIA.GR. (H ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΑΔΟΣ).</ref> Tangu kale wanaheshimiwa na [[Wakatoliki]] na [[Waorthodoksi]] kama [[watakatifu]]. [[Sikukuu]] yao huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[26 Januari]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== *[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki karne ya 6]] [[Jamii:Wamonaki]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Palestina]] 74xp6er8b7ozy2dwwds1eeigu5lfxq8 14 153245 1233977 2022-07-21T13:31:37Z ChriKo 35 Jamii mpya wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Eumetazoa]] ihmm02xcmh4azj9nxyb0dnjj5bxd38g 14 153246 1233980 2022-07-21T13:34:50Z ChriKo 35 Jamii mpya wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Eumetazoa]] ihmm02xcmh4azj9nxyb0dnjj5bxd38g 14 153247 1233981 2022-07-21T13:35:59Z ChriKo 35 Jamii mpya wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Ecdysozoa]] s98bjuzvh0k6l8qtmadigvslgzk091l 0 153248 1233992 2022-07-21T15:00:08Z ChriKo 35 Redirect mpya wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Nywele]] [[Jamii:Mwili]] bstybn9qlntounvma8tezyg0s2g7al2 0 153249 1233999 2022-07-21T20:39:08Z ChriKo 35 Ukurasa mpya wikitext text/x-wiki {{uainishaji | rangi = #D3D3A4 | jina = Mnyoo-unywele | picha = Gordius aquaticus - Wasserkalb.jpg | upana_wa_picha = 250px | maelezo_ya_picha = Mnyoo-unywele (''Gordius aquaticus'') | himaya = [[Animalia]] | nusuhimaya = [[Eumetazoa]] | kundi_bila_tabaka = [[Bilateria]] | kundi2_bila_tabaka = [[Prostomia]] | faila_ya_juu = [[Ecdysozoa]] | faila = [[Nematomorpha]] | bingwa_wa_faila = [[František Vejdovský|Vejdovský]], 1886 | subdivision = '''Oda 2, familia 3'''<br> * [[Gordioidea]] <small>[[Max Theodor E. Rauther|Rauther]], 1930</small> ** [[Chordodidae]] <small>May, 1990</small> ** [[Gordiidae]] <small>May, 1919</small> * [[Nectonematoidea]] <small>Rauther, 1930</small> ** [[Nectonematidae]] <small>Ward, 1892</small> }} '''Minyoo-unywele''' ni [[spishi]] za [[mnyoo-kuru|minyoo-kuru]] za [[faila]] [[Nematomorpha]] zilizo ni ndefu na nyembamba sana kama [[nywele]] nene. Wapevu huishi huru katika [[maji matamu]] au [[maji ya chumvi|ya chumvi]] na kuonekana mara nyingi kwenye [[hori]] za kunywea [[maji]], [[bwawa la kuogelea|mabwawa ya kuogelea]], [[tangi|matangi]] ya maji, [[mto|vijito]] na madimbwi. Lava ni [[kidusia|vidusia]] wa [[arithropodi]] kama [[mbawakawa]], [[mende]], [[kivunjajungu|vivunjajungu]], [[panzi]], [[nyenje (Grylloidea]]|nyenje]] na [[gegereka]]<ref>{{Cite book|chapter=Biology of the phylum Nematomorpha|author=Hanelt, B, F. Thomas, and A. Schmidt-Rhaesa|title=Advances in Parasitology Volume 59|journal=Advances in Parasitology|volume=59|year=2005|pages=244–305|doi=10.1016/S0065-308X(05)59004-3|pmid=16182867|isbn=9780120317592}}</ref>. Takriban spishi zote zina urefu wa [[mm]] 50-100, lakini baadhi yao ni ndefu zaidi hadi [[m]] 2. Unene wao ni mm 1-3. Minyoo-unywele wana [[kutikulo]] ya nje bila [[silio]]. Ndani ya [[mwili]] wana [[msuli|misuli]] inayopita kutoka mbele mpaka nyuma tu na [[utumbo]] usiofanya [[kazi]] bila mifumo ya [[mfumo wa kinyesi|kinyesi]], [[mfumo wa upumuaji|upumuaji]] na [[mfumo wa mzunguko wa damu|mzunguko wa damu]]. [[Mfumo wa neva]] huwa na [[duara]] ya [[neva]] karibu na ncha ya mbele na kamba ya neva chini inayoenda kupitia mwili.<ref name=IZ>{{Cite book |author= Barnes, Robert D. |year=1982 |title= Invertebrate Zoology |publisher= Holt-Saunders International |location= Philadelphia, PA|pages= 307–308|isbn= 978-0-03-056747-6}}</ref> Minyoo hawa wana [[jinsia]] mbili tofauti na [[utungisho]] wa ndani wa [[yai|mayai]] ambayo hutagwa kwa [[uzi|nyuzi]] za rojorojo. Wapevu wana [[gonadi]] za umbo la [[mcheduara]] zinazojifungua kwenye [[kloaka]]. Lava wana duara za [[ndoano]] za kutikulo na [[sindano]] kwenye ncha ya nyuma ambazo inaaminika kutumiwa kuingia katika [[kidusiwa|vidusiwa]]. Wakiwa ndani ya kidusiwa, lava huishi ndani ya [[hemoseli]] na kunyonya [[kirutubisho|virutubisho]] moja kwa moja kupitia [[ngozi]] yao. Maendeleo mpaka maumbile ya mpevu huchukua [[wiki]] au [[mwezi|miezi]] na lava hubambua mara kadhaa wakikua<ref name=IZ/>. [[Picha:Spinochordodes in Meconema.jpg|thumb|left|''[[Spinochordodes tellinii]]'' na kidusiwa wake ''[[Meconema thalassinum]]'']] Kwa ''[[Spinochordodes tellinii]]'' na ''[[Paragordius tricuspidatus]]'', ambao wana [[panzi]] na [[nyenje]] kama vidusiwa wao, maambukizi huathiri [[ubongo]] wa kidusiwa. Hii husababisha [[mdudu]] kidusiwa kuruka ndani ya maji na kujizamisha na hivyo kurudisha mnyoo-unywele kwenye maji<ref name=manipulate>{{Cite journal | last = Thomas | first = F. | author2 = Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. | author3 = Martin, G. | author4 = Manu, C. | author5 = Durand, P. | author6 = Renaud, F. | date = May 2002 | title = Do hairworms (Nematomorpha) manipulate the water seeking behaviour of their terrestrial hosts? | journal = [[Journal of Evolutionary Biology]] | volume = 15 | issue = 3 | pages = 356–361 | url = http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~w3gwynne/BIO418/Nemato.pdf | doi = 10.1046/j.1420-9101.2002.00410.x | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002153/http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~w3gwynne/BIO418/Nemato.pdf | archive-date = 2015-09-24 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.485.9002 | s2cid = 86278524 }} — according to Thomas ''et al.'', the "infected insects may first display an erratic behaviour which brings them sooner or later close to a stream and then a behavioural change that makes them enter the water", rather than seeking out water over long distances.</ref>. ''P. tricuspidatus'' pia ana uwezo wa ajabu kustahimili kuliwa na [[mbuai]] kwa kidusiwa wao kwa kuwa na uwezo wa kunyanyuka kutoka kwa mbuai huyu<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Ponton | first = Fleur |author2=Camille Lebarbenchon |author3=Thierry Lefèvre |author4=David G. Biron |author5=David Duneau |author6=David P. Hughes |author7=Frédéric Thomas |date=April 2006 | title = Parasitology: Parasite survives predation on its host | journal = [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] | pmid = 16598248 | volume = 440 | issue = 7085 | doi = 10.1038/440756a | page = 756| bibcode = 2006Natur.440..756P | s2cid = 7777607 | url = https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-02992927/file/Ponton%20et%20al%202006%20nature.pdf }}</ref>. Kidusia huathiri [[jicho|macho]] ya ''[[[Hierodula patellifera]]'' ili huyu avutiwe na [[nuru]] yenye [[uelekeo]] hususa. Kwa hivyo kidusiwa huingia ndani ya maji na [[mzunguko wa maisha]] wa kidusia hukamilika<ref>{{Cite web|title=Parasites manipulate praying mantis's polarized-light perception, causing it to jump into water|url=https://phys.org/news/2021-06-parasites-mantis-polarized-light-perception.html|access-date=2021-07-04|website=phys.org|language=en}}</ref>. ==Picha== <gallery> Paragordius tricuspidatus.jpeg|''Paragordius tricuspidatus'' Horsehair Worm (14629048952).jpg|Mnyoo-unywele asiyetambuliwa Stenopelmatus with gordius 3.jpg|''Gordius'' sp. akitoka katika ''Stenopelmatus'' sp. </gallery> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Minyoo-unywele]] 5amcccv5f748b150dt88t4ecm3x9tsw 1234000 1233999 2022-07-21T20:40:45Z ChriKo 35 wikitext text/x-wiki {{uainishaji | rangi = #D3D3A4 | jina = Mnyoo-unywele | picha = Gordius aquaticus - Wasserkalb.jpg | upana_wa_picha = 250px | maelezo_ya_picha = Mnyoo-unywele (''Gordius aquaticus'') | himaya = [[Animalia]] | nusuhimaya = [[Eumetazoa]] | kundi_bila_tabaka = [[Bilateria]] | kundi2_bila_tabaka = [[Prostomia]] | faila_ya_juu = [[Ecdysozoa]] | faila = [[Nematomorpha]] | bingwa_wa_faila = [[František Vejdovský|Vejdovský]], 1886 | subdivision = '''Oda 2, familia 3'''<br> * [[Gordioidea]] <small>[[Max Theodor E. Rauther|Rauther]], 1930</small> ** [[Chordodidae]] <small>May, 1990</small> ** [[Gordiidae]] <small>May, 1919</small> * [[Nectonematoidea]] <small>Rauther, 1930</small> ** [[Nectonematidae]] <small>Ward, 1892</small> }} '''Minyoo-unywele''' ni [[spishi]] za [[mnyoo-kuru|minyoo-kuru]] za [[faila]] [[Nematomorpha]] zilizo ni ndefu na nyembamba sana kama [[nywele]] nene. Wapevu huishi huru katika [[maji matamu]] au [[maji ya chumvi|ya chumvi]] na kuonekana mara nyingi kwenye [[hori]] za kunywea [[maji]], [[bwawa la kuogelea|mabwawa ya kuogelea]], [[tangi|matangi]] ya maji, [[mto|vijito]] na madimbwi. Lava ni [[kidusia|vidusia]] wa [[arithropodi]] kama [[mbawakawa]], [[mende]], [[kivunjajungu|vivunjajungu]], [[panzi]], [[nyenje (Grylloidea)|nyenje]] na [[gegereka]]<ref>{{Cite book|chapter=Biology of the phylum Nematomorpha|author=Hanelt, B, F. Thomas, and A. Schmidt-Rhaesa|title=Advances in Parasitology Volume 59|journal=Advances in Parasitology|volume=59|year=2005|pages=244–305|doi=10.1016/S0065-308X(05)59004-3|pmid=16182867|isbn=9780120317592}}</ref>. Takriban spishi zote zina urefu wa [[mm]] 50-100, lakini baadhi yao ni ndefu zaidi hadi [[m]] 2. Unene wao ni mm 1-3. Minyoo-unywele wana [[kutikulo]] ya nje bila [[silio]]. Ndani ya [[mwili]] wana [[msuli|misuli]] inayopita kutoka mbele mpaka nyuma tu na [[utumbo]] usiofanya [[kazi]] bila mifumo ya [[mfumo wa kinyesi|kinyesi]], [[mfumo wa upumuaji|upumuaji]] na [[mfumo wa mzunguko wa damu|mzunguko wa damu]]. [[Mfumo wa neva]] huwa na [[duara]] ya [[neva]] karibu na ncha ya mbele na kamba ya neva chini inayoenda kupitia mwili.<ref name=IZ>{{Cite book |author= Barnes, Robert D. |year=1982 |title= Invertebrate Zoology |publisher= Holt-Saunders International |location= Philadelphia, PA|pages= 307–308|isbn= 978-0-03-056747-6}}</ref> Minyoo hawa wana [[jinsia]] mbili tofauti na [[utungisho]] wa ndani wa [[yai|mayai]] ambayo hutagwa kwa [[uzi|nyuzi]] za rojorojo. Wapevu wana [[gonadi]] za umbo la [[mcheduara]] zinazojifungua kwenye [[kloaka]]. Lava wana duara za [[ndoano]] za kutikulo na [[sindano]] kwenye ncha ya nyuma ambazo inaaminika kutumiwa kuingia katika [[kidusiwa|vidusiwa]]. Wakiwa ndani ya kidusiwa, lava huishi ndani ya [[hemoseli]] na kunyonya [[kirutubisho|virutubisho]] moja kwa moja kupitia [[ngozi]] yao. Maendeleo mpaka maumbile ya mpevu huchukua [[wiki]] au [[mwezi|miezi]] na lava hubambua mara kadhaa wakikua<ref name=IZ/>. [[Picha:Spinochordodes in Meconema.jpg|thumb|left|''[[Spinochordodes tellinii]]'' na kidusiwa wake ''[[Meconema thalassinum]]'']] Kwa ''[[Spinochordodes tellinii]]'' na ''[[Paragordius tricuspidatus]]'', ambao wana [[panzi]] na [[nyenje]] kama vidusiwa wao, maambukizi huathiri [[ubongo]] wa kidusiwa. Hii husababisha [[mdudu]] kidusiwa kuruka ndani ya maji na kujizamisha na hivyo kurudisha mnyoo-unywele kwenye maji<ref name=manipulate>{{Cite journal | last = Thomas | first = F. | author2 = Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. | author3 = Martin, G. | author4 = Manu, C. | author5 = Durand, P. | author6 = Renaud, F. | date = May 2002 | title = Do hairworms (Nematomorpha) manipulate the water seeking behaviour of their terrestrial hosts? | journal = [[Journal of Evolutionary Biology]] | volume = 15 | issue = 3 | pages = 356–361 | url = http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~w3gwynne/BIO418/Nemato.pdf | doi = 10.1046/j.1420-9101.2002.00410.x | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002153/http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~w3gwynne/BIO418/Nemato.pdf | archive-date = 2015-09-24 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.485.9002 | s2cid = 86278524 }} — according to Thomas ''et al.'', the "infected insects may first display an erratic behaviour which brings them sooner or later close to a stream and then a behavioural change that makes them enter the water", rather than seeking out water over long distances.</ref>. ''P. tricuspidatus'' pia ana uwezo wa ajabu kustahimili kuliwa na [[mbuai]] kwa kidusiwa wao kwa kuwa na uwezo wa kunyanyuka kutoka kwa mbuai huyu<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Ponton | first = Fleur |author2=Camille Lebarbenchon |author3=Thierry Lefèvre |author4=David G. Biron |author5=David Duneau |author6=David P. Hughes |author7=Frédéric Thomas |date=April 2006 | title = Parasitology: Parasite survives predation on its host | journal = [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] | pmid = 16598248 | volume = 440 | issue = 7085 | doi = 10.1038/440756a | page = 756| bibcode = 2006Natur.440..756P | s2cid = 7777607 | url = https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-02992927/file/Ponton%20et%20al%202006%20nature.pdf }}</ref>. Kidusia huathiri [[jicho|macho]] ya ''[[[Hierodula patellifera]]'' ili huyu avutiwe na [[nuru]] yenye [[uelekeo]] hususa. Kwa hivyo kidusiwa huingia ndani ya maji na [[mzunguko wa maisha]] wa kidusia hukamilika<ref>{{Cite web|title=Parasites manipulate praying mantis's polarized-light perception, causing it to jump into water|url=https://phys.org/news/2021-06-parasites-mantis-polarized-light-perception.html|access-date=2021-07-04|website=phys.org|language=en}}</ref>. ==Picha== <gallery> Paragordius tricuspidatus.jpeg|''Paragordius tricuspidatus'' Horsehair Worm (14629048952).jpg|Mnyoo-unywele asiyetambuliwa Stenopelmatus with gordius 3.jpg|''Gordius'' sp. akitoka katika ''Stenopelmatus'' sp. </gallery> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Minyoo-unywele]] kk21g2mcu1dq0sd6sxne9ohl6oq17x2 1234001 1234000 2022-07-21T20:41:57Z ChriKo 35 wikitext text/x-wiki {{uainishaji | rangi = #D3D3A4 | jina = Mnyoo-unywele | picha = Gordius aquaticus - Wasserkalb.jpg | upana_wa_picha = 250px | maelezo_ya_picha = Mnyoo-unywele (''Gordius aquaticus'') | himaya = [[Animalia]] | nusuhimaya = [[Eumetazoa]] | kundi_bila_tabaka = [[Bilateria]] | kundi2_bila_tabaka = [[Prostomia]] | faila_ya_juu = [[Ecdysozoa]] | faila = [[Nematomorpha]] | bingwa_wa_faila = [[František Vejdovský|Vejdovský]], 1886 | subdivision = '''Oda 2, familia 3'''<br> * [[Gordioidea]] <small>[[Max Theodor E. Rauther|Rauther]], 1930</small> ** [[Chordodidae]] <small>May, 1990</small> ** [[Gordiidae]] <small>May, 1919</small> * [[Nectonematoidea]] <small>Rauther, 1930</small> ** [[Nectonematidae]] <small>Ward, 1892</small> }} '''Minyoo-unywele''' ni [[spishi]] za [[mnyoo-kuru|minyoo-kuru]] za [[faila]] [[Nematomorpha]] zilizo ni ndefu na nyembamba sana kama [[nywele]] nene. Wapevu huishi huru katika [[maji matamu]] au [[maji ya chumvi|ya chumvi]] na kuonekana mara nyingi kwenye [[hori]] za kunywea [[maji]], [[bwawa la kuogelea|mabwawa ya kuogelea]], [[tangi|matangi]] ya maji, [[mto|vijito]] na madimbwi. Lava ni [[kidusia|vidusia]] wa [[arithropodi]] kama [[mbawakawa]], [[mende]], [[kivunjajungu|vivunjajungu]], [[panzi]], [[nyenje (Grylloidea)|nyenje]] na [[gegereka]]<ref>{{Cite book|chapter=Biology of the phylum Nematomorpha|author=Hanelt, B, F. Thomas, and A. Schmidt-Rhaesa|title=Advances in Parasitology Volume 59|journal=Advances in Parasitology|volume=59|year=2005|pages=244–305|doi=10.1016/S0065-308X(05)59004-3|pmid=16182867|isbn=9780120317592}}</ref>. Takriban spishi zote zina urefu wa [[mm]] 50-100, lakini baadhi yao ni ndefu zaidi hadi [[m]] 2. Unene wao ni mm 1-3. Minyoo-unywele wana [[kutikulo]] ya nje bila [[silio]]. Ndani ya [[mwili]] wana [[msuli|misuli]] inayopita kutoka mbele mpaka nyuma tu na [[utumbo]] usiofanya [[kazi]] bila mifumo ya [[mfumo wa kinyesi|kinyesi]], [[mfumo wa upumuaji|upumuaji]] na [[mfumo wa mzunguko wa damu|mzunguko wa damu]]. [[Mfumo wa neva]] huwa na [[duara]] ya [[neva]] karibu na ncha ya mbele na kamba ya neva chini inayoenda kupitia mwili.<ref name=IZ>{{Cite book |author= Barnes, Robert D. |year=1982 |title= Invertebrate Zoology |publisher= Holt-Saunders International |location= Philadelphia, PA|pages= 307–308|isbn= 978-0-03-056747-6}}</ref> Minyoo hawa wana [[jinsia]] mbili tofauti na [[utungisho]] wa ndani wa [[yai|mayai]] ambayo hutagwa kwa [[uzi|nyuzi]] za rojorojo. Wapevu wana [[gonadi]] za umbo la [[mcheduara]] zinazojifungua kwenye [[kloaka]]. Lava wana duara za [[ndoano]] za kutikulo na [[sindano]] kwenye ncha ya nyuma ambazo inaaminika kutumiwa kuingia katika [[kidusiwa|vidusiwa]]. Wakiwa ndani ya kidusiwa, lava huishi ndani ya [[hemoseli]] na kunyonya [[kirutubisho|virutubisho]] moja kwa moja kupitia [[ngozi]] yao. Maendeleo mpaka maumbile ya mpevu huchukua [[wiki]] au [[mwezi|miezi]] na lava hubambua mara kadhaa wakikua<ref name=IZ/>. [[Picha:Spinochordodes in Meconema.jpg|thumb|left|''[[Spinochordodes tellinii]]'' na kidusiwa wake ''[[Meconema thalassinum]]'']] Kwa ''[[Spinochordodes tellinii]]'' na ''[[Paragordius tricuspidatus]]'', ambao wana [[panzi]] na nyenje kama vidusiwa wao, maambukizi huathiri [[ubongo]] wa kidusiwa. Hii husababisha [[mdudu]] kidusiwa kuruka ndani ya maji na kujizamisha na hivyo kurudisha mnyoo-unywele kwenye maji<ref name=manipulate>{{Cite journal | last = Thomas | first = F. | author2 = Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. | author3 = Martin, G. | author4 = Manu, C. | author5 = Durand, P. | author6 = Renaud, F. | date = May 2002 | title = Do hairworms (Nematomorpha) manipulate the water seeking behaviour of their terrestrial hosts? | journal = [[Journal of Evolutionary Biology]] | volume = 15 | issue = 3 | pages = 356–361 | url = http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~w3gwynne/BIO418/Nemato.pdf | doi = 10.1046/j.1420-9101.2002.00410.x | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002153/http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~w3gwynne/BIO418/Nemato.pdf | archive-date = 2015-09-24 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.485.9002 | s2cid = 86278524 }} — according to Thomas ''et al.'', the "infected insects may first display an erratic behaviour which brings them sooner or later close to a stream and then a behavioural change that makes them enter the water", rather than seeking out water over long distances.</ref>. ''P. tricuspidatus'' pia ana uwezo wa ajabu kustahimili kuliwa na [[mbuai]] kwa kidusiwa wao kwa kuwa na uwezo wa kunyanyuka kutoka kwa mbuai huyu<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Ponton | first = Fleur |author2=Camille Lebarbenchon |author3=Thierry Lefèvre |author4=David G. Biron |author5=David Duneau |author6=David P. Hughes |author7=Frédéric Thomas |date=April 2006 | title = Parasitology: Parasite survives predation on its host | journal = [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] | pmid = 16598248 | volume = 440 | issue = 7085 | doi = 10.1038/440756a | page = 756| bibcode = 2006Natur.440..756P | s2cid = 7777607 | url = https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-02992927/file/Ponton%20et%20al%202006%20nature.pdf }}</ref>. Kidusia huathiri [[jicho|macho]] ya ''[[[Hierodula patellifera]]'' ili huyu avutiwe na [[nuru]] yenye [[uelekeo]] hususa. Kwa hivyo kidusiwa huingia ndani ya maji na [[mzunguko wa maisha]] wa kidusia hukamilika<ref>{{Cite web|title=Parasites manipulate praying mantis's polarized-light perception, causing it to jump into water|url=https://phys.org/news/2021-06-parasites-mantis-polarized-light-perception.html|access-date=2021-07-04|website=phys.org|language=en}}</ref>. ==Picha== <gallery> Paragordius tricuspidatus.jpeg|''Paragordius tricuspidatus'' Horsehair Worm (14629048952).jpg|Mnyoo-unywele asiyetambuliwa Stenopelmatus with gordius 3.jpg|''Gordius'' sp. akitoka katika ''Stenopelmatus'' sp. </gallery> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Minyoo-unywele]] 55ihdrqnfx1h64zldu60vdrqtzqk2yz 1234004 1234001 2022-07-21T20:44:20Z ChriKo 35 wikitext text/x-wiki {{uainishaji | rangi = #D3D3A4 | jina = Mnyoo-unywele | picha = Gordius aquaticus - Wasserkalb.jpg | upana_wa_picha = 250px | maelezo_ya_picha = Mnyoo-unywele (''Gordius aquaticus'') | himaya = [[Animalia]] | nusuhimaya = [[Eumetazoa]] | kundi_bila_tabaka = [[Bilateria]] | kundi2_bila_tabaka = [[Prostomia]] | faila_ya_juu = [[Ecdysozoa]] | faila = [[Nematomorpha]] | bingwa_wa_faila = [[František Vejdovský|Vejdovský]], 1886 | subdivision = '''Oda 2, familia 3'''<br> * [[Gordioidea]] <small>[[Max Theodor E. Rauther|Rauther]], 1930</small> ** [[Chordodidae]] <small>May, 1990</small> ** [[Gordiidae]] <small>May, 1919</small> * [[Nectonematoidea]] <small>Rauther, 1930</small> ** [[Nectonematidae]] <small>Ward, 1892</small> }} '''Minyoo-unywele''' ni [[spishi]] za [[minyoo-kuru]] za [[faila]] [[Nematomorpha]] zilizo ni ndefu na nyembamba sana kama [[nywele]] nene. Wapevu huishi huru katika [[maji matamu]] au [[maji ya chumvi|ya chumvi]] na kuonekana mara nyingi kwenye [[hori]] za kunywea [[maji]], [[bwawa la kuogelea|mabwawa ya kuogelea]], [[tangi|matangi]] ya maji, [[mto|vijito]] na madimbwi. Lava ni [[kidusia|vidusia]] wa [[arithropodi]] kama [[mbawakawa]], [[mende]], [[kivunjajungu|vivunjajungu]], [[panzi]], [[nyenje (Grylloidea)|nyenje]] na [[gegereka]]<ref>{{Cite book|chapter=Biology of the phylum Nematomorpha|author=Hanelt, B, F. Thomas, and A. Schmidt-Rhaesa|title=Advances in Parasitology Volume 59|journal=Advances in Parasitology|volume=59|year=2005|pages=244–305|doi=10.1016/S0065-308X(05)59004-3|pmid=16182867|isbn=9780120317592}}</ref>. Takriban spishi zote zina urefu wa [[mm]] 50-100, lakini baadhi yao ni ndefu zaidi hadi [[m]] 2. Unene wao ni mm 1-3. Minyoo-unywele wana [[kutikulo]] ya nje bila [[silio]]. Ndani ya [[mwili]] wana [[msuli|misuli]] inayopita kutoka mbele mpaka nyuma tu na [[utumbo]] usiofanya [[kazi]] bila mifumo ya [[mfumo wa kinyesi|kinyesi]], [[mfumo wa upumuaji|upumuaji]] na [[mfumo wa mzunguko wa damu|mzunguko wa damu]]. [[Mfumo wa neva]] huwa na [[duara]] ya [[neva]] karibu na ncha ya mbele na kamba ya neva chini inayoenda kupitia mwili.<ref name=IZ>{{Cite book |author= Barnes, Robert D. |year=1982 |title= Invertebrate Zoology |publisher= Holt-Saunders International |location= Philadelphia, PA|pages= 307–308|isbn= 978-0-03-056747-6}}</ref> Minyoo hawa wana [[jinsia]] mbili tofauti na [[utungisho]] wa ndani wa [[yai|mayai]] ambayo hutagwa kwa [[uzi|nyuzi]] za rojorojo. Wapevu wana [[gonadi]] za umbo la [[mcheduara]] zinazojifungua kwenye [[kloaka]]. Lava wana duara za [[ndoano]] za kutikulo na [[sindano]] kwenye ncha ya nyuma ambazo inaaminika kutumiwa kuingia katika [[kidusiwa|vidusiwa]]. Wakiwa ndani ya kidusiwa, lava huishi ndani ya [[hemoseli]] na kunyonya [[kirutubisho|virutubisho]] moja kwa moja kupitia [[ngozi]] yao. Maendeleo mpaka maumbile ya mpevu huchukua [[wiki]] au [[mwezi|miezi]] na lava hubambua mara kadhaa wakikua<ref name=IZ/>. [[Picha:Spinochordodes in Meconema.jpg|thumb|left|''[[Spinochordodes tellinii]]'' na kidusiwa wake ''[[Meconema thalassinum]]'']] Kwa ''[[Spinochordodes tellinii]]'' na ''[[Paragordius tricuspidatus]]'', ambao wana [[panzi]] na nyenje kama vidusiwa wao, maambukizi huathiri [[ubongo]] wa kidusiwa. Hii husababisha [[mdudu]] kidusiwa kuruka ndani ya maji na kujizamisha na hivyo kurudisha mnyoo-unywele kwenye maji<ref name=manipulate>{{Cite journal | last = Thomas | first = F. | author2 = Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. | author3 = Martin, G. | author4 = Manu, C. | author5 = Durand, P. | author6 = Renaud, F. | date = May 2002 | title = Do hairworms (Nematomorpha) manipulate the water seeking behaviour of their terrestrial hosts? | journal = [[Journal of Evolutionary Biology]] | volume = 15 | issue = 3 | pages = 356–361 | url = http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~w3gwynne/BIO418/Nemato.pdf | doi = 10.1046/j.1420-9101.2002.00410.x | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002153/http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~w3gwynne/BIO418/Nemato.pdf | archive-date = 2015-09-24 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.485.9002 | s2cid = 86278524 }} — according to Thomas ''et al.'', the "infected insects may first display an erratic behaviour which brings them sooner or later close to a stream and then a behavioural change that makes them enter the water", rather than seeking out water over long distances.</ref>. ''P. tricuspidatus'' pia ana uwezo wa ajabu kustahimili kuliwa na [[mbuai]] kwa kidusiwa wao kwa kuwa na uwezo wa kunyanyuka kutoka kwa mbuai huyu<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Ponton | first = Fleur |author2=Camille Lebarbenchon |author3=Thierry Lefèvre |author4=David G. Biron |author5=David Duneau |author6=David P. Hughes |author7=Frédéric Thomas |date=April 2006 | title = Parasitology: Parasite survives predation on its host | journal = [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] | pmid = 16598248 | volume = 440 | issue = 7085 | doi = 10.1038/440756a | page = 756| bibcode = 2006Natur.440..756P | s2cid = 7777607 | url = https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-02992927/file/Ponton%20et%20al%202006%20nature.pdf }}</ref>. Kidusia huathiri [[jicho|macho]] ya ''[[[Hierodula patellifera]]'' ili huyu avutiwe na [[nuru]] yenye [[uelekeo]] hususa. Kwa hivyo kidusiwa huingia ndani ya maji na [[mzunguko wa maisha]] wa kidusia hukamilika<ref>{{Cite web|title=Parasites manipulate praying mantis's polarized-light perception, causing it to jump into water|url=https://phys.org/news/2021-06-parasites-mantis-polarized-light-perception.html|access-date=2021-07-04|website=phys.org|language=en}}</ref>. ==Picha== <gallery> Paragordius tricuspidatus.jpeg|''Paragordius tricuspidatus'' Horsehair Worm (14629048952).jpg|Mnyoo-unywele asiyetambuliwa Stenopelmatus with gordius 3.jpg|''Gordius'' sp. akitoka katika ''Stenopelmatus'' sp. </gallery> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Minyoo-unywele]] kdqzq2jy2owlmex63k3ao7t8kbyn6lp 1234005 1234004 2022-07-21T20:47:23Z ChriKo 35 wikitext text/x-wiki {{uainishaji | rangi = #D3D3A4 | jina = Mnyoo-unywele | picha = Gordius aquaticus - Wasserkalb.jpg | upana_wa_picha = 250px | maelezo_ya_picha = Mnyoo-unywele (''Gordius aquaticus'') | himaya = [[Animalia]] | nusuhimaya = [[Eumetazoa]] | kundi_bila_tabaka = [[Bilateria]] | kundi2_bila_tabaka = [[Prostomia]] | faila_ya_juu = [[Ecdysozoa]] | faila = [[Nematomorpha]] | bingwa_wa_faila = [[František Vejdovský|Vejdovský]], 1886 | subdivision = '''Oda 2, familia 3'''<br> * [[Gordioidea]] <small>[[Max Theodor E. Rauther|Rauther]], 1930</small> ** [[Chordodidae]] <small>May, 1990</small> ** [[Gordiidae]] <small>May, 1919</small> * [[Nectonematoidea]] <small>Rauther, 1930</small> ** [[Nectonematidae]] <small>Ward, 1892</small> }} '''Minyoo-unywele''' ni [[spishi]] za [[minyoo-kuru]] za [[faila]] [[Nematomorpha]] zilizo ni ndefu na nyembamba sana kama [[nywele]] nene. Wapevu huishi huru katika [[maji matamu]] au [[maji ya chumvi|ya chumvi]] na kuonekana mara nyingi kwenye [[hori]] za kunywea [[maji]], [[bwawa la kuogelea|mabwawa ya kuogelea]], [[tangi|matangi]] ya maji, [[mto|vijito]] na madimbwi. Lava ni [[kidusia|vidusia]] wa [[arithropodi]] kama [[mbawakawa]], [[mende]], [[kivunjajungu|vivunjajungu]], [[panzi]], [[nyenje (Grylloidea)|nyenje]] na [[gegereka]]<ref>{{Cite book|chapter=Biology of the phylum Nematomorpha|author=Hanelt, B, F. Thomas, and A. Schmidt-Rhaesa|title=Advances in Parasitology Volume 59|journal=Advances in Parasitology|volume=59|year=2005|pages=244–305|doi=10.1016/S0065-308X(05)59004-3|pmid=16182867|isbn=9780120317592}}</ref>. Takriban spishi zote zina urefu wa [[mm]] 50-100, lakini baadhi yao ni ndefu zaidi hadi [[m]] 2. Unene wao ni mm 1-3. Minyoo-unywele wana [[kutikulo]] ya nje bila [[silio]]. Ndani ya [[mwili]] wana [[msuli|misuli]] inayopita kutoka mbele mpaka nyuma tu na [[utumbo]] usiofanya [[kazi]] bila mifumo ya [[mfumo wa kinyesi|kinyesi]], [[mfumo wa upumuaji|upumuaji]] na [[mfumo wa mzunguko wa damu|mzunguko wa damu]]. [[Mfumo wa neva]] huwa na [[duara]] ya [[neva]] karibu na ncha ya mbele na kamba ya neva chini inayoenda kupitia mwili.<ref name=IZ>{{Cite book |author= Barnes, Robert D. |year=1982 |title= Invertebrate Zoology |publisher= Holt-Saunders International |location= Philadelphia, PA|pages= 307–308|isbn= 978-0-03-056747-6}}</ref> Minyoo hawa wana [[jinsia]] mbili tofauti na [[utungisho]] wa ndani wa [[yai|mayai]] ambayo hutagwa kwa [[uzi|nyuzi]] za rojorojo. Wapevu wana [[gonadi]] za umbo la [[mcheduara]] zinazojifungua kwenye [[kloaka]]. Lava wana duara za [[ndoano]] za kutikulo na [[sindano]] kwenye ncha ya nyuma ambazo inaaminika kutumiwa kuingia katika [[kidusiwa|vidusiwa]]. Wakiwa ndani ya kidusiwa, lava huishi ndani ya [[hemoseli]] na kunyonya [[kirutubisho|virutubisho]] moja kwa moja kupitia [[ngozi]] yao. Maendeleo mpaka maumbile ya mpevu huchukua [[wiki]] au [[mwezi|miezi]] na lava hubambua mara kadhaa wakikua<ref name=IZ/>. [[Picha:Spinochordodes in Meconema.jpg|thumb|left|''[[Spinochordodes tellinii]]'' na kidusiwa wake ''[[Meconema thalassinum]]'']] Kwa ''[[Spinochordodes tellinii]]'' na ''[[Paragordius tricuspidatus]]'', ambao wana [[panzi]] na nyenje kama vidusiwa wao, maambukizi huathiri [[ubongo]] wa kidusiwa. Hii husababisha [[mdudu]] kidusiwa kuruka ndani ya maji na kujizamisha na hivyo kurudisha mnyoo-unywele kwenye maji<ref name=manipulate>{{Cite journal | last = Thomas | first = F. | author2 = Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. | author3 = Martin, G. | author4 = Manu, C. | author5 = Durand, P. | author6 = Renaud, F. | date = May 2002 | title = Do hairworms (Nematomorpha) manipulate the water seeking behaviour of their terrestrial hosts? | journal = [[Journal of Evolutionary Biology]] | volume = 15 | issue = 3 | pages = 356–361 | url = http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~w3gwynne/BIO418/Nemato.pdf | doi = 10.1046/j.1420-9101.2002.00410.x | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002153/http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~w3gwynne/BIO418/Nemato.pdf | archive-date = 2015-09-24 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.485.9002 | s2cid = 86278524 }} — according to Thomas ''et al.'', the "infected insects may first display an erratic behaviour which brings them sooner or later close to a stream and then a behavioural change that makes them enter the water", rather than seeking out water over long distances.</ref>. ''P. tricuspidatus'' pia ana uwezo wa ajabu kustahimili kuliwa na [[mbuai]] kwa kidusiwa wao kwa kuwa na uwezo wa kunyanyuka kutoka kwa mbuai huyu<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Ponton | first = Fleur |author2=Camille Lebarbenchon |author3=Thierry Lefèvre |author4=David G. Biron |author5=David Duneau |author6=David P. Hughes |author7=Frédéric Thomas |date=April 2006 | title = Parasitology: Parasite survives predation on its host | journal = [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] | pmid = 16598248 | volume = 440 | issue = 7085 | doi = 10.1038/440756a | page = 756| bibcode = 2006Natur.440..756P | s2cid = 7777607 | url = https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-02992927/file/Ponton%20et%20al%202006%20nature.pdf }}</ref>. Kidusia huathiri [[jicho|macho]] ya ''[[Hierodula patellifera]]'' ili huyu avutiwe na [[nuru]] yenye [[uelekeo]] hususa. Kwa hivyo kidusiwa huingia ndani ya maji na [[mzunguko wa maisha]] wa kidusia hukamilika<ref>{{Cite web|title=Parasites manipulate praying mantis's polarized-light perception, causing it to jump into water|url=https://phys.org/news/2021-06-parasites-mantis-polarized-light-perception.html|access-date=2021-07-04|website=phys.org|language=en}}</ref>. ==Picha== <gallery> Paragordius tricuspidatus.jpeg|''Paragordius tricuspidatus'' Horsehair Worm (14629048952).jpg|Mnyoo-unywele asiyetambuliwa Stenopelmatus with gordius 3.jpg|''Gordius'' sp. akitoka katika ''Stenopelmatus'' sp. </gallery> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Minyoo-unywele]] l38xazfjhzjpdvphzwe4haihrkx6sxw 0 153250 1234002 2022-07-21T20:42:48Z ChriKo 35 Redirect mpya wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Mnyoo-unywele]] [[Jamii:Nematomorpha]] lnd9oerin6quk16nrxs9ik6qglrhxj4 14 153251 1234003 2022-07-21T20:43:36Z ChriKo 35 Jamii mpya wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Ecdysozoa]] s98bjuzvh0k6l8qtmadigvslgzk091l 3 153252 1234010 2022-07-22T07:35:34Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '== == {{karibu}}~~~~'' wikitext text/x-wiki == == {{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:35, 22 Julai 2022 (UTC)' dv4ay1hcvvv3k4ykjir4te9scdfo4a6 0 153253 1234016 2022-07-22T08:15:57Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Ukurasa umeelekezwa kwenda [[BAKIZA]] wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT[[BAKIZA]] 43dbr65qc0vzoi4j2343pjxfinpy2ci 0 153254 1234018 2022-07-22T08:29:02Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Devota wa Mariana''' ([[Lucciana]], [[Corsica]], leo nchini [[Ufaransa]], [[283]] - [[Mariana]], Corsica, [[304]]) alikuwa [[Mkristo]] [[bikira]] aliyefia [[imani]] yake katika [[dhuluma]] ya [[kaisari]] [[Dioklesyano]]<ref>http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/92244</ref>. Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kama [[mtakatifu]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake inaadhimishwa kila [[tarehe]] [[27 Januari]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia==...' wikitext text/x-wiki '''Devota wa Mariana''' ([[Lucciana]], [[Corsica]], leo nchini [[Ufaransa]], [[283]] - [[Mariana]], Corsica, [[304]]) alikuwa [[Mkristo]] [[bikira]] aliyefia [[imani]] yake katika [[dhuluma]] ya [[kaisari]] [[Dioklesyano]]<ref>http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/92244</ref>. Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kama [[mtakatifu]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake inaadhimishwa kila [[tarehe]] [[27 Januari]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== *[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 283]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 304]] [[Jamii:Mabikira]] [[Jamii:Wafiadini Wakristo]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]] oj3f9wrf5lmcg0a3np22myvz6gy0xuz 1234019 1234018 2022-07-22T08:29:34Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Devota wa Biguglia]] hadi [[Devota wa Mariana]]: urahisi wa kuupata wikitext text/x-wiki '''Devota wa Mariana''' ([[Lucciana]], [[Corsica]], leo nchini [[Ufaransa]], [[283]] - [[Mariana]], Corsica, [[304]]) alikuwa [[Mkristo]] [[bikira]] aliyefia [[imani]] yake katika [[dhuluma]] ya [[kaisari]] [[Dioklesyano]]<ref>http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/92244</ref>. Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kama [[mtakatifu]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake inaadhimishwa kila [[tarehe]] [[27 Januari]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== *[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 283]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 304]] [[Jamii:Mabikira]] [[Jamii:Wafiadini Wakristo]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]] oj3f9wrf5lmcg0a3np22myvz6gy0xuz 1234021 1234019 2022-07-22T08:36:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Saintdevota.jpg|thumb|Mt. Devota alivyochorwa.]] '''Devota wa Mariana''' ([[Lucciana]], [[Corsica]], leo nchini [[Ufaransa]], [[283]] - [[Mariana]], Corsica, [[304]]) alikuwa [[Mkristo]] [[bikira]] aliyefia [[imani]] yake katika [[dhuluma]] ya [[kaisari]] [[Dioklesyano]]<ref>http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/92244</ref>. Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na [[Wakatoliki]] na [[Waorthodoksi]] kama [[mtakatifu]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake inaadhimishwa kila [[tarehe]] [[27 Januari]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== *[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110604145933/http://www.palais.mc/monaco/palais-princier/english/royal-wedding/the-program/the-religious-wedding/sainte-devote-church/sainte-devote-church.2159.html Prince's Palace of Monaco] *[https://books.google.com/books?id=Y3hJAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA399&dq=Saint+Devota&hl=en&sa=X&ei=OT8fVcXhE4mpgwSh84LYCg&ved=0CFkQ6AEwBzgK#v=onepage&q=Saint%20Devota&f=false Baring-Gould, Sabine. ''The Lives of the Saints'', J. Hodges., 1877] ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons category|Sainte Dévote}} *[http://monacorevue.com/events/sd1080127.php Monaco Revue video of Saint Devote celebrations 2008] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20061209214152/http://www.coe.int/t/e/cultural_co-operation/culture/completed_projects/legends/monaco.asp Monaco and the legend or passion of Saint Devote (11th century), by Claude Passet] *{{fr}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20070304001701/http://www.eglise-catholique.mc/it/motscles/devote.htm Santa Devota] *{{it}} [http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/92244 Santa Devota] *[http://www.visitmonaco.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=Page.viewPage&pageID=166 Church Sainte Devote] {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 283]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 304]] [[Jamii:Mabikira]] [[Jamii:Wafiadini Wakristo]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]] 9oa1tvr8ez4ktnagrst2yljugluzspi 0 153255 1234020 2022-07-22T08:29:34Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Devota wa Biguglia]] hadi [[Devota wa Mariana]]: urahisi wa kuupata wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Devota wa Mariana]] libo1b9fofqam0aiao6p0lq7fxsn9mr 0 153256 1234022 2022-07-22T08:50:35Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Theodoriko wa Orleans''' (kwa [[Kifaransa]]: '''Thierry'''; alizaliwa [[Ufaransa]], [[karne ya 10]] - [[Tonnerre]], [[Ufaransa]], [[27 Januari]] [[1022]]) alikuwa [[askofu]] wa [[mji]] [[Orléans|huo]] ambaye alifariki katika [[safari]] ya kwenda [[hija|kuhiji]] [[kaburi|makaburi]] ya [[Mitume Petro na Paulo]] mjini [[Roma]]<ref>http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/38780</ref>. Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kama [[mtakatifu]]. Sikuku...' wikitext text/x-wiki '''Theodoriko wa Orleans''' (kwa [[Kifaransa]]: '''Thierry'''; alizaliwa [[Ufaransa]], [[karne ya 10]] - [[Tonnerre]], [[Ufaransa]], [[27 Januari]] [[1022]]) alikuwa [[askofu]] wa [[mji]] [[Orléans|huo]] ambaye alifariki katika [[safari]] ya kwenda [[hija|kuhiji]] [[kaburi|makaburi]] ya [[Mitume Petro na Paulo]] mjini [[Roma]]<ref>http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/38780</ref>. Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kama [[mtakatifu]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake inaadhimishwa kila [[tarehe]] [[27 Januari]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== *[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo== *Jacques Boussard, « Les évêques de Neustrie, avant la réforme grégorienne (950-1050 environ) », Journal des savants, vol. 3, no 3,‎ juillet-septembre 1970, p. 161-196. *Robert-Henri Bautier, « L'hérésie d'Orléans et le mouvement intellectuel au début du xie siècle. Documents et hypothèses », Actes du 95e congrès national des sociétés savantes. Reims 1970. Section philologie et histoire jusqu'à 1610. Tome I : Enseignement et vie intellectuelle, Paris,‎ 1975, p. 63-88. {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa karne ya 10]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1022]] [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]] 2t6o464shv86eknact5ds9vh3gvb7eg 1234023 1234022 2022-07-22T08:54:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Theodoriko wa Orleans''' (kwa [[Kifaransa]]: '''Thierry'''; alizaliwa [[Ufaransa]], [[karne ya 10]] - [[Tonnerre]], [[Ufaransa]], [[27 Januari]] [[1023]) alikuwa [[askofu]] wa [[mji]] [[Orléans|huo]] ambaye alifariki katika [[safari]] ya kwenda [[Roma]] [[hija|kuhiji]] [[kaburi|makaburi]] ya [[Mitume Petro na Paulo]] <ref>http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/38780</ref> na kukimbilia [[mamlaka]] ya [[Papa]] dhidi ya wapinzani wake. Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kama [[mtakatifu]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake inaadhimishwa kila [[tarehe]] [[27 Januari]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== *[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo== *Jacques Boussard, « Les évêques de Neustrie, avant la réforme grégorienne (950-1050 environ) », Journal des savants, vol. 3, no 3,‎ juillet-septembre 1970, p. 161-196. *Robert-Henri Bautier, « L'hérésie d'Orléans et le mouvement intellectuel au début du xie siècle. Documents et hypothèses », Actes du 95e congrès national des sociétés savantes. Reims 1970. Section philologie et histoire jusqu'à 1610. Tome I : Enseignement et vie intellectuelle, Paris,‎ 1975, p. 63-88. {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa karne ya 10]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1023]] [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]] hhai14dhtua111l5xuoxe0ulld8837d 14 153257 1234024 2022-07-22T08:56:48Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Jamii:waliofariki karne ya 11]] [[Jamii:1023]]' wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:waliofariki karne ya 11]] [[Jamii:1023]] f34r335gtei1ocktp1jdii4o8recgtn 3 153258 1234026 2022-07-22T09:43:57Z Kipala 107 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '== == {{karibu}}~~~~' wikitext text/x-wiki == == {{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 09:43, 22 Julai 2022 (UTC) om8cay5x6lsgqxj2akfffp7fwiivb3p