Wikipedia:Jumuiya

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* '''en:'''Welcome to the '''Swahili Wikipedia Village Pump!''' 

* '''sw:''' Ukurasa huu ni kwa ajili ya kuwasaidia watu wanaotaka kuboresha kamusi hii na kujadiliana mambo ya jumuiya yetu! 
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Matukio ya Kimataifa|Orodha ya Matukio ya Kimataifa]]:Unaweza kuangalia kalenda hiyo ya matukio ya kimataifa na ukipendezwa unaweza kushiriki tukio lolote iwapo utaona linakuhusu.
Viungo vya jumuiya:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]] &lt;br/&gt;'''Fungua hapa kuona kura kuhusu wakabidhi wapya!'''
|[[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] 
|[[Wikipedia:Maboresho yanayohitajika]]
|[http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiviewstats/?locale=en&amp;lang=sw&amp;project=&amp;page=&amp;datefrom=2014-05-02&amp;autofilter&amp;type=world Makala zinazotembelewa sana leo hii]
|[[Wikipedia:Kuzuia watumiaji]]
|-
|[[Wikipedia:Ubalozi]]
|[[Wikipedia:Kundi la Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]
|[[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Daruser|Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania]]
|[[Wikipedia:Makala zilizoombwa]]
|[https://xtools.wmcloud.org/ec Michango yote ya mtumiaji] (jaza jina)  *  [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:CentralAuth?target=  Angalia michango ya watumiaji]* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&amp;offset=&amp;limit=500&amp;type=newusers&amp;user=&amp;page=&amp;wpdate=&amp;tagfilter=&amp;wpfilters%5B0%5D=newusers Watumiaji wapya]
|}

==Kumbukumbu ya miaka iliyopita==
&lt;small&gt;'''Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishiwa hapa:'''
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu hadi Julai 2008]]
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Julai 2008 hadi Desemba 2009]]'''
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Desemba 2009 hadi Desemba 2011]]'''
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2012 hadi 2013]]
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2014]]
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2015]]
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2016]]
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2017]]
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2018-2019]]
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2020-2021-VI]]
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu 2021-VI - 2022-I]]
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2022 - 2025 I]]
&lt;/small&gt;

==Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili==
Kwa wote wanaopenda kutafakari na kujadiliana nasi namna ya kuendeleza wikipedia hii ya Kiswahili wakabidhi walianzisha kundi la '''[[meta:Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]'''. Unaweza kujiandikisha pale kama umehariri hapa kwa muda wa mwaka moja angalau. 


==Jamii / Kategoria==
Ndugu zangu, kuna mtu amebadili ujumbe wa kusano kutoka JAMII kwenda kategoria. Kwa sasa inaonekana juu lakini baadaye itachukua nafasi. Huu ni uharibifu wa tafsiri. Tazama hapa: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:1000

Inabidi tudhibiti mapema tafsiri zijadiliwe na wasemaji wa Kiswahili badala ya kikundi cha wahuni wanaojiita wafasiri.

== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation ==

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[[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Hello, dear Wikipedians!&lt;br/&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! 

The most active contesters will receive prizes.

If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.
&lt;br/&gt;

We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt;

16:11, 16 Aprili 2025 (UTC)
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== Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines (&quot;UCoC EG&quot;) and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Aprili 2025 (UTC)
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== Sub-referencing: User testing ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]]
&lt;small&gt;''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''&lt;/small&gt;

Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further:

#'''Try it out and share your feedback'''
#:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. 
#'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs'''
#:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''.

We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well.

Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! &lt;/div&gt; &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 15:03, 28 Aprili 2025 (UTC)
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== Pigia kura mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ya UCoC na Mkataba wa U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Kipindi cha kupigia kura marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utekelezaji wa Kanuni za Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili na U4C itafungwa tarehe 1 Mei 2025 saa 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 angalia kwa saa za eneo lako]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Soma maelezo kuhusu jinsi ya kushiriki na kusoma pendekezo kabla ya kupiga kura]] kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta-wiki.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C)]] ni kikundi cha kimataifa kinachojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, unaweza [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kuupitia Mkataba wa U4C]].

Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe huu wanajumuiya wenzako katika lugha yako, kadri utakavyoona inavyofaa, ili waweze kushiriki pia.

Kwa ushirikiano na U4C -- &lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

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[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprili 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! ==

''(Apologies for posting in English)''

Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them.

As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]].

After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki.

The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org.

If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]].

Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC)
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== Vandalism ==
I suppose the two pictures in the text [[Adidas]] are simple vandalism and do not make sence in the text. But not being active in this wikipedia, I don't know how to attract more attention to the doubtful edit of march 2023. 
:Nadhani picha mbili katika maandishi [[Adidas]] ni uharibifu rahisi na hazina maana katika maandishi. Lakini kutokuwa hai katika wikipedia hii, sijui jinsi ya kuvutia umakini zaidi kwa uhariri wa shaka wa Machi 2023.
--'''[[Mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|ThomasPusch]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC)

:It has been fixed! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;i&gt;Aguahrz&lt;sup&gt;Chronist&lt;sup&gt;2.0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;'''&lt;/div&gt;]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:20, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]].

You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC.

If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, &lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|majadiliano]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC)
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== Changes to the way some users are granted the right to see temporary account IP addresses ==

Hello! This is the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team. We would like to share that we have decided to change the requirements for access to temporary account IP addresses. '''The impact on your community will be minimal'''. We are planning on implementing the change in the week of May 26 ([[phab:T393358|T393358]] + [[phab:T393360|T393360]] + [[phab:T390942|T390942]]). I will keep you updated about the details.

We are only changing the rules for users who do not have extended rights (e.g. admins, bureaucrats, checkusers – [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia_Access_to_Temporary_Account_IP_Addresses_Policy#requirements-for-access|see the policy for more examples]]) but their account is a minimum of 6 months old, and who have made a minimum of 300 edits on this wiki. They will lose access to IP addresses ([[phab:T393360|T393360]]), and to have it back, '''they will need to apply for the right. Admins or stewards will decide whether to grant it''' ([[phab:T390942|T390942]]). This will entail human manual work, but this method will be safer than if we continued to grant the rights automatically. We want to emphasize that there has been no user who wouldn't have extended rights to ever reveal a temporary account's IP addresses on your wiki.

We made this decision based on what we heard from you, piloting wikis, particularly Romanian Wikipedians. We also consulted on options with Stewards, and had discussions on Meta-Wiki and about 20 Wikipedias with large communities. When we deploy temporary accounts to more wikis, we will evaluate the impact and may adjust our approach again.

In addition, we'd like you to know that requirements for access to the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature will be identical with the ones for access to the temporary accounts' IP addresses (a user will either have full information or none).

'''The rationale for the change'''

We chose the current numerical thresholds and automatic granting before deploying temporary accounts on any wiki. However, it’s become clear to us that these requirements are quite low and it is still too easy for bad-faith actors to gain access to temporary account IP addresses. We want temporary accounts to meaningfully improve editor privacy, so we need to be more restrictive. Our goal is to more consistently limit IP address access to only those who need it.

'''How will this work'''

* When a user without extended rights needs to view temporary account IP addresses, they will need to file a request for being added to the &quot;Temporary account IP viewers&quot; group. They will file the request to admins (the local communities will be able to decide what that process will be) or stewards (for wikis without local admins).
* The software will require that the user has at least 300 edits and the account since at least 6 months. Admins and stewards will not be able to grant temporary account IP access to accounts that do not meet that criteria. This is a minimum, and we encourage you to enforce higher thresholds.
* The user reviewing the request will check if the user applying for the right meets requirements and that they have provided a valid justification. The right itself will be granted through Special:UserRights.
* Users who grant requests for the right will also handle removal of the right.

We would also like to clarify some details. For your convenience, we will also document some of it in [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|the project FAQ]].

{{hidden|Access to IP addresses|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 =
* '''Separation of the new right''' (checkuser-temporary-account) out to a new group ([[metawiki:Meta:Temporary_account_IP_viewer|Temporary account IP viewers]]), as opposed to technically attaching it to any [[Special:ListGroupRights|existing group]] (like patroller). We have decided to do this for a few reasons:
** '''Having access to IP addresses carries risk'''. This right is similar to checkuser. IP addresses are considered personally identifiable information (a kind of [[:en:personal data|personal data]]). Outside actors who want to access IP addresses will now need to interact with users who have this right. Users with this right should be aware of this, and alert to the possibility of suspicious access requests.
** '''Good practices for privacy protection'''. Giving access to users who are trusted but do not need access to carry on their work is not in line with good practices for processing personal data.
** '''Removal of right'''. Access to IPs will be [[phab:T325658|logged]] ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=checkuser-temporary-account example]). If any misuse of this right is detected, it can be taken away separately from any other permissions the user may hold. It would be difficult and sometimes also unreasonable to remove the rights unrelated to access to IP addresses.
** You may grant the new right to all users belonging to a certain existing group individually. These users must meet the criteria for Temporary account IP viewers, though.
** For clarity – all this does not affect administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, stewards, and other groups mentioned in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|global policy]].
* '''Activity requirement'''. With regards to users who would need to be granted access manually, the policy says that they &quot;must edit or take a logged action to the local project at least once within a 365-day period&quot;. This requirement is not changing.
}}
{{hidden|Process of granting the right|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 =
* '''Formality of granting the right'''. There is no need for discussions or votes like Request for Adminship. It does suffice if a single admin makes a decision using their own judgement.
* '''Additional requirements for the users applying for the right'''.
** You have autonomy over the process for granting the right. You can adopt thresholds higher than 300 edits, or disallow the &quot;non-admin+&quot; users to have the right. The granting process can be as basic or elaborate as you deem appropriate.
** Which criteria admins should take when deciding whether to grant the right – how to tell whether a user needs access to IP addresses? There are no mandatory requirements beyond a minimum of 300 edits and a 6 month old account. You may introduce additional criteria related to trust to the user (such as no prior blocks or copyright violations) or experience in patrolling activities.
* '''Additional burden on administrators'''. We understand the toil of having to grant and remove an additional right. This is indeed a downside. We think that it will only have to be a one-time effort to grant this right to a larger number of people. We are curious if you can find ways to limit this burden.
}}
'''Next steps on your side we would like to suggest'''

* We are encouraging you to consider '''adopting a policy''' on granting and removing the right, if you think you need to add anything to the global policy.
* We are encouraging you to '''start granting the right'''. Considering our data (up to a few non-functionaries have ever revealed temporary account IP addresses here), we believe you don't need to rush or spend a lot of time preparing for this before the change comes into force, though.
* We would like to show you what level of wiki-bureaucracy seems sufficient from our point of view. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=28667152 In the sandbox], we have created a draft of what a page with requests for the flag could look like. Of course the final content of the page will depend on your community. We do not want to imply that we are instructing you on this matter.
Let us know if you have any questions. Thank you! [[metawiki:User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and '''[[Mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 02:27, 16 Mei 2025 (UTC)

== RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)''

Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. 

We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation.

You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 15:27, 22 Mei 2025 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Wikimedia Foundation mwaka 2025 na Wito wa Maswali ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Wapendwa wote,

Mwaka huu, Muda wa Wadhamini 2 (wawili) waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na Washirika kwenye Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation utakamilika [1]. Bodi inakaribisha harakati nzima kushiriki katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa mwaka huu na kupiga kura kujaza viti hivyo.

Kamati ya Uchaguzi inasimamia mchakato huu kwa msaada kutoka kwa  wafanyakazi wa Shirika [2]. Kamati ya Utawala inayoundwa na wadhamini ambao si wagombea katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa wadhamini waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na washirika wa mwaka 2025 (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina na Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], ina jukumu la kutoa usimamizi wa Bodi ya wadhamini kwa ajili ya kuweka taarifa kwa Bodi ya wadhamini. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu majukumu ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi, Bodi, na wafanyakazi yako hapa [4].

Hapa kuna tarehe kuu zilizopangwa:

* Mei 22 – Juni  5: Tangazo (mawasiliano hayo) na mwito wa kipindi cha maswali
* Juni 17 – Julai 1, 2025: Wito wa wagombea
* Julai 2025: Ikihitajika, washirika hupigia kura wagombea waliopo kwenye orodha fupi ikiwa 10 au zaidi wataomba [5]
* Agosti 2025: Kipindi cha kampeni
* Agosti – Septemba 2025: Kipindi cha wiki mbili cha kupiga kura kwa jumuiya
* Oktoba – Novemba 2025: Ukaguzi wa usuli wa watahiniwa waliochaguliwa
* Mkutano wa Bodi mnamo Decemba  2025: Wadhamini wapya wamekaa kwenye kiti

Jifunze zaidi kuhusu uchaguzi wa 2025 - ikiwa ni pamoja na ratiba ya kina ya matukio, mchakato wa kugombea, sheria za kampeni na vigezo vya kustahiki kwa mpiga kura - kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[kiungo]]].

'''Wito wa Maswali'''

Katika kila mchakato wa uchaguzi, jumuiya ina fursa ya kuwasilisha maswali kwa wagombea wa Bodi ya Wadhamini kujibu. Kamati ya Uchaguzi huchagua maswali kutoka kwenye orodha iliyoandaliwa na jumuiya ili wagombea wajibu. Wagombea lazima wajibu maswali yote yanayohitajika katika maombi ili kustahiki; vinginevyo maombi yao yatakataliwa. Mwaka huu, Kamati ya Uchaguzi itachagua maswali 5 kwa wagombea kujibu. Maswali yaliyochaguliwa yanaweza kuwa mchanganyiko wa yale yaliyowasilishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya, ikiwa yanafanana au yanahusiana. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[kiungo]]]

'''Watu wa kujitolea katika uchaguzi'''

Njia nyingine ya kuhusika katika mchakato wa uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025 ni kuwa Mtu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi. Watu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi ni daraja kati ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi na jumuiya zao.  Wanasaidia kuhakikisha jumuiya inawakilishwa na kuwahamasisha kupiga  kura. Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mpango  na jinsi ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki  [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[kiungo]]].

Asante!

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter

[3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024

[4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles

[5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ

[6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates

Salamu sana,

Victoria Doronina

Uhusiano wa Bodi na Kamati ya Uchaguzi

Kamati ya Utawala&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:08, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC)
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== U4C case - conclusion ==

Hello Swahili community, &lt;br /&gt;
first of all I would like to apologize for writing in English, an automatic translation in Swahili will follow but we are aware that automatic translations in your language are not very good so we will need your help to make sure that the text is understandable.

On 21 December 2024 a request to U4C was filed here: [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]]. Some deadlines were extended and we are aware that it took us a long time to conclude the case. I will report our conclusion below in English and with translation in Swahili. I will add also a translation in Italian which is a language one of your most active users (sysop and bureaucrat) is familiar with. 

Please contact the committee for any clarification needed. 
As a coordinating committee we would also like to offer our support if you need help with the requested actions. 

=== U4C Motion ===
(The original text with votes is here: [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Cases/Sysop_abuse_in_Swahili_Wikipedia#Motions]])

According to UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Swahili is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million speakers and it is one of the ''lingua franca'' in many countries within East, Central and Southern Africa as well as in the Middle East. 

According to Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Swahili is one of the national languages in Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Uganda, it is an official language of Rwanda, in some areas of Somalia and is spoken in other areas in the African Great Lakes region and East and Southern Africa.

With the exception of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, in all the countries where Swahili is national language, homosexuality is not only illegal (in some cases - Uganda - with death penalty as punishment) but apparent &quot;promotion&quot; of homosexuality is also severely punished. More about this in following links:
*https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania 
*https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya
*https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi
*https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda

U4C requested a legal opinion to assess what risks editors and administrators residing in those countries could face in editing or restoring content which may be considered to &quot;promote&quot; homosexuality even if for Wikimedian (or Western) standards that content would not be considered promotional but only neutral or descriptive. 

The U4C's priorities in this case are:
*Protect local users, especially advanced right holders who could be misinterpreted as &quot;responsible&quot; for the content of a project
*Protect all the readers and their right to have neutral and informative content

'''U4C Actions'''

# Recommend that the Swahili Wikipedia community work on a guideline about Neutral Point of View (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) and a guideline about reliable sources (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). The U4C will review progress in 6 months.&lt;br /&gt;
# Recommend that the community seek local expertise on how it is permissible to educate a reader about topics related to LGBTQ issues without violating laws in Swahili-speaking countries and at the same time avoiding discrimination (as per the UCoC). Use this information to support NPOV on these topics.
# Recommend that the community start discussing on dealing with local appeals and creating a procedure for this compliant with the [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]].
# Recommend that the community define a list of pages or &quot;contentious topics&quot; (starting from LGBTQ topics) where, once created, the above mentioned policies are particularly used/applied more strictly.

At the same time:
*Administrators on Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki) are topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, with admin actions related to content and conduct moderation delegated to Stewards and Global sysops (any interventions can be requested on Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] or [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Here is a non-exhaustive list of pages that are covered:
**https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, 
**https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, 
**https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender
*Once the recommended measures as described above are set up, swwiki admins may appeal to the topic ban.

=== Translation in Swahili ===
''This is an automatic translation, please kindly fix mistakes or parts which need clarification.'' 

Kulingana na UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Kiswahili ni miongoni mwa lugha 10 zinazozungumzwa na watu wengi zaidi duniani, ikiwa na wazungumzaji zaidi ya milioni 200 na ni mojawapo ya ''lingua franca'' katika nchi nyingi za Mashariki, Kati na Kusini mwa Afrika na pia Mashariki ya Kati.

Kwa mujibu wa Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za kitaifa nchini Tanzania, Kenya, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Burundi, Uganda, ni lugha rasmi ya Rwanda, katika baadhi ya maeneo ya Somalia na inazungumzwa katika maeneo mengine katika eneo la Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika na Afrika Mashariki na Kusini.

Isipokuwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Rwanda, katika nchi zote ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya taifa, ushoga sio tu ni kinyume cha sheria (katika baadhi ya matukio - Uganda - na adhabu ya kifo kama adhabu) lakini &quot;kukuza&quot; kwa ushoga pia kunaadhibiwa vikali. Zaidi kuhusu hili katika viungo vifuatavyo:
*https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania
*https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya
*https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi
*https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda

U4C iliomba maoni ya kisheria ili kutathmini hatari ambazo wahariri na wasimamizi wanaoishi katika nchi hizo wanaweza kukabiliana nazo katika kuhariri au kurejesha maudhui ambayo yanaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa &quot;kukuza&quot; ushoga hata kama kwa viwango vya Wikimedian (au Magharibi) maudhui hayo hayatachukuliwa kuwa ya utangazaji bali yasiyoegemea upande wowote au maelezo.

Vipaumbele vya U4C katika kesi hii ni:
*Linda watumiaji wa ndani, haswa wamiliki wa haki wa hali ya juu ambao wanaweza kutafsiriwa vibaya kama &quot;wajibiki&quot; kwa maudhui ya mradi.
*Linda wasomaji wote na haki yao ya kuwa na maudhui yasiyoegemea upande wowote na yenye taarifa

'''Vitendo vya U4C'''

# Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifanyie kazi mwongozo kuhusu Mtazamo wa Kuegemea (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) na mwongozo kuhusu vyanzo vya kuaminika (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C itakagua maendeleo baada ya miezi 6.&lt;br /&gt;
# Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya itafute utaalamu wa ndani kuhusu jinsi inavyoruhusiwa kuelimisha msomaji kuhusu mada zinazohusiana na masuala ya LGBTQ bila kukiuka sheria katika nchi zinazozungumza Kiswahili na wakati huo huo kuepuka ubaguzi (kulingana na UCoC). Tumia habari hii kusaidia NPOV kwenye mada hizi.
# Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ianze kujadiliana kuhusu kushughulikia rufaa za eneo lako na kuunda utaratibu wa kutii [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines|Mwongozo wa Utekelezaji]].
# Pendekeza kwamba jumuia ifafanue orodha ya kurasa au &quot;mada zinazogombana&quot; (kuanzia mada za LGBTQ) ambapo, mara tu zikiundwa, sera zilizotajwa hapo juu hutumiwa/hutumiwa kwa ukali zaidi.

Wakati huo huo:
*Wasimamizi kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiswahili (swwiki) wamepigwa marufuku kwenye kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, huku vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili vimekabidhiwa kwa Stewards na Global sysops (afua zozote zinaweza kuombwa kwenye Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] au [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Hapa kuna orodha isiyo kamili ya kurasa ambazo zimefunikwa:
**https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Ushoga,
**https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Ndoa ya jinsia moja,
**https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender
*Baada ya hatua zilizopendekezwa kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu kusanidiwa, wasimamizi wa swwiki wanaweza kukata rufaa dhidi ya marufuku ya mada.

{{hidden
| style = border: 1px black; width: 100%;
| headerstyle = background:#f5f5f5
| contentstyle = 
| header = Translation in Italian/Tafsiri katika Kiitaliano
| content = Secondo l'UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), lo Swahili è tra le 10 lingue più parlate al mondo con oltre 200 milioni di persone che lo parlano ed è una &quot;lingue franche&quot; in diversi paese dell'Africa orientale, centrale e meridionale nonché nel Medio-Oriente.

Secondo Wikipedia ([[:en:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), lo Swahili è una delle lingue nazionali in Tanzania, Kenya, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Burundi, Uganda, è lingua ufficiale in Ruanda, in alcune aree della Somalia ed è abitualmente usato in altre aree della regione dei Grandi Laghi e dell'Africa Orientale e meridionale.

Con l'eccezione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo e del Ruanda, in tutti i paese in cui lo Swahili è lingua nazionale, l'omosessualità non è solo illegale (in alcuni casi, come l'Uganda, è punita con la pena di morte) ma anche l'apparente promozione dell'omosessualità è severamente punita. Maggiori informazioni nei seguenti link:
*https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania 
*https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya
*https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi
*https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda

U4C ha richiesto un parere legale per individuare quali rischi corrano i volontari e amministratori residenti in questi paese nell'effettuare modifiche o ripristinare contenuti che possono essere considerati promozionali dell'omosessualità anche se per standard Wikimediani (o del mondo occidentale) non sono considerati promozionali ma solo descrittivi o neutrali. 

Nel trattare questo caso le priorità dello U4C sono:
*Tutelare gli utenti locali, specialmente coloro con diritti addizionali che possono essere erroneamente considerati come &quot;responsabili&quot; dei contenuti di un progetto 
*Tutelare i lettori e il loro diritto ad avere informazioni e contenuti neutrali

'''In considerazione di ciò U4C'''

# Raccomanda che la comunità della Wikipedia in Swahili lavori sulla creazione di linee guida sul punto di vista neutrale (Neutral Point of View - Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) e su una linea guida dedicata alle fonti attendibili e al loro uso (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C verificherà i progressi fra 6 mesi.&lt;br /&gt;
# Raccomanda che la comunità ricerchi informazioni o consulenza locale su come fornire contenuti informativi sui temi collegati a LGBTQ senza violare leggi nei paesi di lingua Swahili ma allo stesso tempo senza discriminare (ai sensi di UCoC). Le informazioni ottenute andranno a supporto della linea guida sul punto di vista neutrale sull'argomento.
# Raccomanda che la comunità inizi una discussione sulla gestione locale degli appelli ai blocchi e su una procedura degli stessi conforme alle linee guida sull'applicazione del codice di condotta [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]].
# Raccomanda che la comunità definisca una lista di pagine di &quot;argomenti controversi&quot; (partendo dal tema LGBTQ) dove, una volta create le linee guida del punto 1, queste vengano usate e applicate con particolare rigore. 

Allo stesso tempo:
*Gli amministratori della Wikipedia in Swahili hanno un topic ban (blocco selettivo su tema specifico) dalle pagine riguardanti tematiche LGBTQ, gli interventi amministrativi legati alla moderazione di condotta e contenuto sono delegate agli Steward e ai Global sysop (gli interventi possono essere richiesti nelle pagine su Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] oppure [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Di seguito una lista non esasustiva delle pagine coinvolte:
**https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, 
**https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, 
**https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender
*Una volta che i rimedi raccomandati descritti nei punti più sopra sono stati attuati gli amministratori di swwiki possono richiedere la rimozione del topic ban.
}}

On behalf of U4C, '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 31 Mei 2025 (UTC)

== Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}

Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC].

Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Juni 2025 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;
Hello all,

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position.

This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3]

Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election.

Best regards,

Abhishek Suryawanshi&lt;br /&gt;
Chair of the Elections Committee

On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term.

[3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
Dear Wikimedia Community,

The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]]  of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]].

A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity.

Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact.

Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement.

Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate.

Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended.

=== Wikispore ===

The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects.

After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. 

We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future.

As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting.

Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed.

=== Wikinews ===

We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways.

Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf &lt;nowiki&gt;[1]&lt;/nowiki&gt;][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 &lt;nowiki&gt;[2]&lt;/nowiki&gt;][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F &lt;nowiki&gt;[3]&lt;/nowiki&gt;] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years.

While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews &lt;nowiki&gt;[4]&lt;/nowiki&gt;][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F &lt;nowiki&gt;[5]&lt;/nowiki&gt;, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? &lt;nowiki&gt;[6]&lt;/nowiki&gt;].

[[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews.

Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs.

SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives.

'''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to:
*Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects,
*Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace,
*Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects,
*Archive Wikinews projects.
Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels.

=== Feedback and next steps ===

We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language.

I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. 
&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Juni 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes ==

''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)''

Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations.

The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''.
The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below:
[[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]]

These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages.

Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change.

Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]].

Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC)
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== Boti ya kukaribisha ya [[user:AmmarBot|Ammar]] ==

Ndugu zangu wanaWikipedia. Hivi karibuni, nikiwa huko jijini Nairobi, nilikutana na Ammar. Kijana wa Kihausa kutoka nchini Nigeria. Katika maongezi yetu, tukafikia hatua ya kuzungumzia boti za kukaribisha watu. Kijana huyu alikubali kutumia muda wake mchache kuunda boti ya kukaribisha watu. Hivyo basi kila kibarua cha karibu kila wakati kimetuishia. Tafadhalini msipoteza muda wenu kukaribisha watu. Boti itafanya kazi. Tazameni: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum%3AMichango&amp;target=AmmarBot&amp;namespace=all&amp;tagfilter=&amp;start=&amp;end=&amp;limit=50 Hapa] [[User:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;blue&quot;&gt;&lt;sub&gt;'''Muddyb'''&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;[[User talk:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;gray&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;'''Longa'''&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;/font&gt; 13:45, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC)

:Hii nzuri! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC)
::Ila BOT atachukua muda gani tangu mgeni kajiunga hadi atakapokaribishwa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC)

== Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia ==

Hello!

Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}}

Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content.

'''Why Paste Check?'''

Paste Check benefits two audiences:

* Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit.
* Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time.

The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors.

'''How it works'''

By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally.

When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available:

* Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why.
* Remove the text – the text is removed.

In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text.

Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text.

To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor.

'''Get involved'''

The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration.

We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;language=&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate please help translating it]):  

[[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]]

We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]].

As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next.

'''Configuration and test'''

For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag &lt;code&gt;editcheck-paste-shown&lt;/code&gt; for easier tracking.

You can try the proposed Paste Check interface:

* visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&amp;veaction=edit&amp;ecenable=2

* Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt.

Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}}

[[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC)
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:This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! '''[[Mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 15:31, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

== Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

[[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga.

Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu:

Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. 

Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. 
&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&amp;task=view&amp;language=&amp;filter=&amp;action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.&lt;/span&gt;

'''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.'''

*Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|sw}}.
*Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu.

''Athari nyingine ''

*Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha.
* Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90.

Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. 

'''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;

&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])&lt;/span&gt; 15:41, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Migration to Parsoid&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]&lt;/em&gt;

Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier.

If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation.

There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki.

To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]].
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]&lt;/bdi&gt;  19:49, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
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== Event Organizer Right for [[user:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ==

Dear Swahili Wikipedia Admins,

The Community Organizing Experience team (formerly the Campaigns team) at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting Wikimedia Arusha and Wikimedia Kilimanjaro to strengthen their capacity in adopting the CampaignEvents extension tools, including Event Registration tool for their 2025-26 General Support Funds activities. In order to implement this support, I would need the event organizer right on Swahili Wikipedia. I have also communicated this to [[user:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]] who recommended I ask for the right here. '''[[Mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|majadiliano]])''' 17:19, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

:@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] please gather here.  [[User:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;blue&quot;&gt;&lt;sub&gt;'''Muddyb'''&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;[[User talk:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;gray&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;'''Longa'''&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;/font&gt; 18:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)
:I support granting the event organizer right to EUwandu-WMF. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 20:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

== Toa maoni yako: pigia kura Bodi ya Wadhamini ya mwaka 2025 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Habarini nyote,

Kipindi cha upigaji kura cha [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini wa 2025]] sasa kimefunguliwa. Wagombea wanagombea viti 2 (viwili) kwenye Bodi.

Ili kuangalia ustahiki wako wa mpiga kura, tafadhali tembelea [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|ukurasa wa ustahiki wa mpiga kura]].

Jifunze zaidi kuwahusu kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|kusoma taarifa zao za maombi na kutazama video zao za ugombeaji]].

Ukiwa tayari, nenda kwenye ukurasa wa kupiga kura wa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll kupiga kura]].

'''Upigaji kura utaanza tarehe 8 Oktoba saa 00:00 UTC hadi Oktoba 22 saa 23:59 UTC.'''

Kila la kheri,

Abhishek Suryawanshi&lt;br /&gt;Mwenyekiti, Kamati ya Uchaguzi&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
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== Message from U4C ==
Dear Swahili community,

(''Apologies for writing in English. A machine-translated version of this message is attached below for your convenience. In case of any discrepancies, please refer to the English version as the source.'')

We have been made aware of the deletion of the article [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] and the subsequent block of @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (who can appeal on their talk page).&lt;br /&gt; 
@[[User:Olimasy]], could you please briefly explain what was the reason, among those listed here [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], for the speedy deletion of that page? 

We would like to remind you all and the administrators of this project in particular that local admins are currently topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, and admin actions related to content and conduct moderation are delegated to Stewards and Global sysops. Any intervention concerning related content or users should be requested on Meta. You can read our motion here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]].

This measure will remain in effect until the actions we have recommended for this project (listed here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] in the section U4C Actions) have been completed. If you need any help with these steps please do not hesitate to contact us.
On behalf of the U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

(''Hii ni tafsiri ya kiotomatiki'')&lt;br /&gt;
Ndugu waswahili,&lt;br /&gt;
Tumefahamishwa kuhusu kufutwa kwa makala [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] na kizuizi kilichofuata cha @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (anayeweza kukata rufaa kwenye ukurasa wao wa mazungumzo).&lt;br /&gt;
@[[User:Olimasy]], tafadhali unaweza kueleza kwa ufupi sababu ilikuwa nini, miongoni mwa walioorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], kwa kufutwa haraka kwa ukurasa huo?

Tungependa kuwakumbusha nyote na wasimamizi wa mradi huu hasa kwamba wasimamizi wa ndani kwa sasa wamepigwa marufuku kutoka kwa kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, na vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili hukabidhiwa kwa Steward na Global sysops. Uingiliaji kati wowote kuhusu maudhui yanayohusiana au watumiaji unapaswa kuombwa kwenye Meta. Unaweza kusoma hoja yetu hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]].

Hatua hii itaendelea kutumika hadi hatua ambazo tumependekeza kwa mradi huu (zilizoorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] katika sehemu ya U4C Actions) zimekamilika. Ikiwa unahitaji msaada wowote kwa hatua hizi tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi. 

Kwa niaba ya U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

:@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I’ve reviewed the deletion log, and the article has already been removed. Judging by the structure and grammar, it seems the contributor may not be fluent in Kiswahili—the article had significant linguistic and formatting issues.
:While we appreciate efforts to represent diverse communities, it’s equally important that all articles meet the quality standards of Swahili Wikipedia.
:In a constructive spirit, we can encourage the contributor to collaborate with others to improve the article before republishing. [[User:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;blue&quot;&gt;&lt;sub&gt;'''Muddyb'''&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;[[User talk:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;gray&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;'''Longa'''&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;/font&gt; 20:22, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

Contributor is banned and only option for him is new account. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 08:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

:@[[User:Muddyb]] the first version of the article was created by the user and [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&amp;logid=312781 deleted] on 1 October. After being pinged yesterday the user recreated the page ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&amp;logid=315152 here]), it turned out that the user is a cross wiki abuser and the page was deleted by a Global Sysop who later [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&amp;logid=315181 undeleted the page] because apparently it is a translation of enwiki. Nobody of us is able to understand if that content makes sense in Swahili or if it is an automatic translation, or meets speedy deletion criteria like you mentioned. Personally speaking U4C asked that articles about contentious topics should be based on reliable sources and that content does not meet that requirement. The user is global blocked so I do not foresee cooperation. If the content meets deletion criteria please use the delete template (I think it is this one {{tl|Futa}}?) and then request deletion on Meta (here: [[:m:Global_sysops/Requests]]). I understand that this is a little complicated but it is a temporary measure. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any help or suggestion about the recommended actions in our motion. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)
::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I have informed the admin team again not to interfere directly with those kinds of articles instead we should inform  Stewards to take the matter. Thanks. We will surely reach out in case of anything resurfaced.  [[User:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;blue&quot;&gt;&lt;sub&gt;'''Muddyb'''&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;[[User talk:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;gray&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;'''Longa'''&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;/font&gt; 09:33, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)
:@[[User:Muddyb]] many thanks, yes the right way is to inform Stewards or Global Sysops, your guidance is of course welcome (and needed) to overcome the language barrier. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) 

Alternate version was correctly remade by TEMPORARY ACCOUNT and makes sense. Both &quot;Emmanuel&quot; accounts are ABUSERS, one locally blocked and other globally blocked. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

:@[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] Share the recreated article that makes sense, please!  [[User:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;blue&quot;&gt;&lt;sub&gt;'''Muddyb'''&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;[[User talk:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;gray&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;'''Longa'''&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;/font&gt; 09:34, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

Recreated article with sense is here: [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

Se non fossi impedito, metterei il template &lt;nowiki&gt;{{tafsiri kompyuta}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; perché è una traduzione orripilante. Pace a te, Civvì! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

:If there is consensus on deletion due to low quality please request the deletion on Meta (explaining the reasons). For sure the goal of our requests is not to lower your quality standards. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)
::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] na @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] The recreated article is another trash in the block. I will write global sysop to delete it.  [[User:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;blue&quot;&gt;&lt;sub&gt;'''Muddyb'''&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;[[User talk:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;gray&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;'''Longa'''&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;/font&gt; 12:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

::Do not forget REDIRECTS and TALKS when deleting. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)
::Four instances to delete:
::[[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]
::[[Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]]
::'''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

::&quot;The recreated article is another trash in the block.&quot; FOUR INSTANCES. '''[[Mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|Soggo Ionno]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|majadiliano]])''' 12:15, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;function1&quot;/&gt;
{{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere).

There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;section end=&quot;function1&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

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== Kutafuta watu wa kujitolea kujiunga na kamati kadhaa za harakati. ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Kila mwaka, kwa kawaida kuanzia Oktoba hadi Desemba, kamati kadhaa za harakati hutafuta watu wapya wa kujitolea. 

Soma zaidi kuhusu kamati hizo kwenye kurasa zao za Meta-wiki:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kamati ya Ushirikiano (AffCom)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum (OC)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kamati ya Mapitio ya kesi (CRC)]]

Maombi ya kamati hizo yatafunguliwa tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025.  Maombi ya Kamati ya Ushirikiano, tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum na Kamati ya Mapitio ya Kesi yatafungwa tarehe 11 Desemba 2025. Jifunze namna ya kutuma maombi kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments| kutembelea ukurasa wa uteuzi kwenye Meta-Wiki]].Tuma kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano au barua pepe cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org na maswali yoyote ambayo unaweza kuwa nayo.

Kwa timu ya Msaada ya Kamati,
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

-[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

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== Will you help us test an updated Databox? ==

''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it''

Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[w:sw:Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[w:sw:Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes:

* A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item


* New parameters &lt;code&gt;useImage=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;excludeProperties=&lt;/code&gt; can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays.
** '''&lt;code&gt;useImage=&lt;/code&gt;''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.&lt;br&gt; Example: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
** '''&lt;code&gt;excludeParameters=&lt;/code&gt;''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.&lt;br&gt;Example: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
 

* The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}&lt;/code&gt;

=== How can you help? ===
Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs.

Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits).

The two Parameters will only show if the &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.&lt;br&gt;[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].&lt;br&gt;
Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].&lt;br&gt;
Thank you, - '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;function2&quot;/&gt;
{{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki&lt;/span&gt;. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;section end=&quot;function2&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Novemba 2025 (UTC)

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== Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Wikimedia communities,

We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year.

''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.''

In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects.

We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community.

📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]]

If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs:  
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]]

''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]'''''

''Stay connected and receive updates:''  
* [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel]  
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list]

We look forward to collaborating with you and your community.


'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Januari 2026 (UTC)

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== Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&quot;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 

Dear Wiki Community,

We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia.

The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects.

;About the Campaign 
'''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices.

;What Can Participants Write About? 
Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to:

* Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations  
* Folk dances, music, and traditional performances  
* Women and queer figures in folklore  
* Women in mythology and oral traditions  
* Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives  
* Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends  
* Folk games, sports, and cultural practices  

Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools.

;How to Sign Up as an Organizer 
Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community:

# Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] 
# Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool  
# Prepare a local article list and clearly mention:
#* Campaign timeline  
#* Local and international prizes  
# Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]]  
# Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]'''

;Campaign Tools

The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants:

* '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats.
* '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore.

Both tools are now available for use in the campaign.  '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]'''

;Learn More &amp; Get Support
For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the  
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''.

If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via:
* '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]'''
* Email us using details on the contact page.

;Join Us 
We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia.

Thank you and best wishes,
  
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]'''

----

''Stay connected:''  
[[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp;
[[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

== Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
Hello everyone,

We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe.

;About Wiki Loves Folklore 

'''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight:
* Folk traditions and rituals  
* Cultural festivals and celebrations  
* Traditional attire and crafts 
* Performing arts, music, and dance  
* Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage  

Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world.

[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] 

; Host a Local Edition 

As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to:
* Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture  
* Engage new contributors in your community  
* Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content  

'''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:'''  

If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know.

If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region.

;Get in Touch 
If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via:

* The project Talk pages  
* Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org'''

We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail.

Warm regards,  

'''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''
&lt;/div&gt;
'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC)

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== Mapitio ya kila mwaka ya Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Ninakuandikia ili kukujulisha kuwa muda wa upitiaji wa kila mwaka wa Kanuni za Maadili na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji umefunguliwa sasa. Unaweza kutoa mapendekezo ya mabadiliko hadi tarehe 9 Februari 2026. Hii ni hatua ya kwanza kati ya kadhaa itakayochukuliwa kwa upitiaji wa kila mwaka. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Soma maelezo zaidi na utafute mazungumzo ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta]].

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu]] (U4C) ni kundi la kimataifa linalojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|unaweza kukagua Mkataba wa U4C]].

Tafadhali washirikishe habari hii washiriki wengine katika jumuiya yako popote inapohitajika.

-- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:Mazungumzo ya mtumiaji:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:02, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC)

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== Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Dear Wikipedians!

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''.

The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences.

🧩'''How to participate?'''

Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine.

🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''.

'''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.'''

If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&amp;messages=&amp;language=en&amp;x=D banner] into your own language.

Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! 

[[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

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== Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) ==

Hello everyone,

This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as &lt;code&gt;Module:Itemgroup/list&lt;/code&gt;).

'''The Change:'''&lt;br /&gt;
Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. 

We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''.

'''What You Need To Do:'''&lt;br /&gt;
To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search.

'''Deadline:'''&lt;br /&gt;
We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles.

Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:11, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC)

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== Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) ==

Ndugu wanajumuia,

Katika kuratibu na kuendesha miradi na kampeni mbalimbali za jamii yetu hapa Swahili Wikipedia (kama vile mashindano, warsha, dashboards, na kurasa za mradi kama `Wikipedia:Mradi wa...`), tumekuwa tukikumbana na changamoto ya kiufundi. Kwa sasa, mfumo wa usarifu wa picha (VisualEditor) haufanyi kazi kwenye maeneo haya ya kurasa za miradi (Project namespace), jambo linalotulazimu kutumia mfumo mgumu wa &quot;Source Editor&quot; (Wiki markup) hata kwa mambo madogo kama kutengeneza majedwali au muundo wa kurasa.

Ili kurahisisha kazi kwa waratibu na wahariri wanaotengeneza kurasa hizi za kampeni, nimefungua tiketi kule Phabricator kuomba wataalamu wa Wikimedia Foundation watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor kwenye Project namespace ya swwiki.

Wataalamu wa Phabricator wametujibu kuwa tayari wako tayari kufanya mabadiliko hayo, lakini kwa sheria za kiutaratibu, wanahitaji kuona Maridhiano ya Jumuia (Community Consensus) hapa uwanjani kwetu kwanza kabla hawajawasha mfumo huo. Wanatutanabahisha pia kuwa VisualEditor haikutengenezwa maalum kwa ajili ya kurasa za majadiliano, hivyo kunaweza kuwa na changamoto ndogo za mpangilio (kama indentations) tukiiitumia kwenye majadiliano ya miradi, jambo ambalo tunaona halitazuia ufanisi wa kazi kubwa ya kuratibu kurasa zenyewe za miradi.

Tafadhali naomba kura zenu za Kuunga Mkono (Support) au maoni yenu hapa chini ili tukishapata ridhaa ya pamoja, nipeleke link ya mjadala huu Phabricator na mabadiliko haya yafanyike mara moja.

Unaweza kuona tiketi hiyo Phabricator hapa: [[phab:T427117|⚓ T427117 Enable VisualEditor in the Project namespace for Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki)]]

Pamoja tunajenga Wikipedia yetu!

{{Strong support}}--[[User:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;blue&quot;&gt;&lt;sub&gt;'''Muddyb'''&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;[[User talk:Muddyb|&lt;font color=&quot;gray&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;'''Longa'''&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;]]&lt;/font&gt; 09:07, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/br&gt;{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 09:26, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/br&gt;{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC)

{{strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/br&gt;{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChriKo|majadiliano]])'''
&lt;/br&gt;{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 04:41, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/br&gt;{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 07:38, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/br&gt;{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])'''
&lt;/br&gt;{{Strong support}}--'''--'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC)'''
&lt;/br&gt;{{Strong support}}-- [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;i&gt;Gayle157&lt;sup&gt;2.0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;'''&lt;/div&gt;]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 18:06, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/br&gt;{{Strong support}}--- '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 19:14, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC)

== Piga kura sasa katika uchaguzi wa 2026 U4C ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Wapigakura walaotimiza vigezo na masharti ya kupiga kura wanaombwa kushiriki katika uchaguzi wa 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Kanuni na mwongozo wa Maadili kwa wote]]. Maelezo zaidi ikijumuisha ukaguzi wa ustahiki, maelezo ya mchakato wa kupiga kura, maelezo ya mgombeaji, na kiungo cha kupiga kura zinapatikana kwenye Meta katika [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 ukurasa wa maelezo ya Uchaguzi]]. Kura itafungwa tarehe 2 Juni 2026 kwa [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC].

Tafadhali piga kura ikiwa akaunti yako imekidhi vigezo. Matokeo yatatolewa kufikia 14 Juni 2026. -- Kwa kushirikiana na U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:15, 27 Mei 2026 (UTC)

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== RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|majadiliano]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:11, 23 Juni 2026 (UTC)

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      <sha1>5umxkrvs92nkx8wpvsr0zz1lz4pzney</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Nyasa (ziwa)</title>
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        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
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      <comment>/* Historia ya Geologia */</comment>
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      <text bytes="20736" sha1="9stav4lw5pttgqf7iw2eym9j7lbxcsd" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:Lake Malawi00.jpg|thumb|Picha ya Ziwa Malawi mwaka 1967.]]
[[Picha:TZ Nyasa (Malawi).PNG|thumb|250px|right|Mstari mwekundu unaonyesha mpaka usiokubaliwa kati ya Tanzania na Malawi. Tanzania inadai mstari mwekundu kuwa sahihi, lakini Malawi inadai ziwa lote hadi [[mwambao]] wa Tanzania. Mpaka kati ya Msumbiji na Malawi hauna matata.]]
'''Ziwa Nyasa''' (katika [[Malawi]]: Ziwa '''Malawi'''; katika [[Msumbiji]]: Ziwa '''Niassa''') ni kati ya [[ziwa|maziwa]] makubwa ya [[Afrika ya Mashariki]] likiwa na nafasi ya [[tatu]] baada ya Ziwa [[Viktoria Nyanza]] na [[Ziwa Tanganyika]]. 

Ni ziwa la nne kwa ukubwa na la maji baridi duniani kwa ujazo, ziwa la tisa kwa ukubwa duniani kwa eneo na ziwa la tatu kwa ukubwa na la pili kwa kina barani Afrika. Ziwa Malawi ni nyumbani kwa spishi nyingi za samaki kuliko ziwa lingine lolote ulimwenguni,&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Protected Areas Programme -|url=http://www.unep-wcmc.org/protected_areas/data/wh/lakemal.html|work=www.unep-wcmc.org|accessdate=2026-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; ikijumuisha angalau spishi 700 za cichlids. Sehemu ya ziwa la Msumbiji ilitangazwa rasmi kuwa hifadhi na Serikali ya Msumbiji mnamo Juni 10, 2011,&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mozambique’s Lake Niassa declared reserve and Ramsar site|url=https://wwf.panda.org/wwf_news/?200583/Mozambiques-Lake-Niassa-declared-reserve-and-Ramsar-site|work=wwf.panda.org|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; huku Malawi sehemu ya ziwa ikijumuishwa katika Hifadhi ya Kitaifa ya Ziwa Malawi.  

Ziwa Malawi ni ziwa la meromictic, kumaanisha kuwa tabaka zake za maji hazichanganyiki. Uwekaji tabaka wa kudumu wa maji ya Ziwa Malawi na mpaka wa oksiki-oksiksi hudumishwa na kemikali ndogo na viwango vya joto. Likijulikana kwa bioanuwai yake ya ajabu, Ziwa Malawi huhifadhi zaidi ya spishi 600 za samaki aina ya cichlid, karibu wote wanapatikana katika ziwa hilo, na kuchangia mojawapo ya viwango vya juu zaidi vya samaki wa maji baridi duniani. Uenezi huu unatokana na kutengwa kwa kijiolojia na makazi mbalimbali ya ziwa, ikiwa ni pamoja na ufuo wa miamba, sehemu za chini za mchanga, na maji wazi, ambayo yamesababisha utofauti wa haraka kati ya cichlidi juu ya nyakati za mageuzi. Mfumo ikolojia wa ziwa unasaidia uvuvi wa ndani ambao hutoa chanzo kikuu cha protini na maisha ya kiuchumi kwa jamii zinazozunguka, ingawa uvuvi kupita kiasi na shinikizo la kimazingira huleta changamoto zinazoendelea.  

Likiwa limegunduliwa na wagunduzi wa Uropa katikati ya karne ya 19, Ziwa Malawi limekuwa kitovu cha utafiti wa kisayansi kutokana na sifa zake za kipekee za limnolojia, kama vile utabakaji wake wa hali ya juu na hutumika kama rasilimali muhimu kwa utalii na uwezekano wa maendeleo ya umeme wa maji katika eneo hilo. Maelekezo ya mipaka kando ya ziwa mara kwa mara yamesababisha migogoro, hasa kati ya Malawi na Tanzania, ikionyesha umuhimu wake wa kijiografia. 

== Eneo la Ziwa (Jiografia) ==
Eneo la ziwa ni [[km²]] 29,600.   

Lina [[urefu]] wa [[km]] 560 na [[upana]] wa km 50-80, likienea kutoka [[kaskazini]] kuelekea [[kusini]]. Vilindi vyake vinafikia hadi [[mita]] 704 chini ya uwiano wa [[maji]] yake. 

Ziwa Nyasa linapatikana kati ya nchi za [[Malawi]], [[Msumbiji]] na [[Tanzania]]. 

Katika [[ziwa]] hilo kuna [[mito]] mbalimbali inayoingiza [[maji]] yake humo kama vile [[mto Lufilyo]], [[mto Mbaka]], [[mto Kiwila]], [[mto Songwe]] n.k.

[[Kusini]] mwa ziwa unatoka [[Mto Shire]] unaopeleka [[maji]] kwenye [[Mto Zambezi]] na hatimaye [[Bahari Hindi]]. 

Ki[[jiolojia]] ziwa ni sehemu ya [[Bonde la Ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki]].

Ziwa Nyasa linajulikana kuwa na aina nyingi za [[samaki]] (zaidi ya 1500). Aina chache tu zinavuliwa kama [[chakula]], lakini aina mbalimbali zinakamatwa na kuuzwa nje ya [[Afrika]] kwa wapenzi wa samaki wa [[rangi]].

==Historia ya Jiolojia==
Ziwa Malawi ni mojawapo ya maziwa makuu ya Bonde la Ufa na ziwa la kale. Ziwa hili lipo katika bonde linaloundwa na ufunguzi wa Ufa wa Afrika Mashariki, ambapo sahani ya tectonic ya Afrika inagawanywa katika vipande viwili. Hii inaitwa mpaka wa tectonics za sahani tofauti. Malawi kwa kawaida inakadiriwa kuwa na umri wa miaka milioni 1-2 (mya),&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea jarida |last=Wilson |first=Anthony B. |last2=Teugels |first2=Guy G. |last3=Meyer |first3=Axel |date=2008-04-23 |title=Marine incursion: the freshwater herring of Lake Tanganyika are the product of a marine invasion into west Africa |url=https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2292254/ |journal=PloS One |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=e1979 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0001979 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=2292254 |pmid=18431469}}&lt;/ref&gt; lakini ushahidi wa hivi majuzi zaidi unaonyesha ziwa la zamani sana lenye bonde ambalo lilianza kuunda takriban mya 8.6 na hali ya maji ya kina kilionekana kwanza 4.5 mya. Viwango vya maji vimetofautiana sana kwa muda, kuanzia karibu mita 600 (futi 2,000) chini ya kiwango cha sasa hadi 10-20 m (futi 33–66) juu. Wakati wa vipindi ziwa lilikauka karibu kabisa, na kuacha ziwa moja au mbili tu ndogo kiasi, zenye alkali nyingi na chumvi katika kile ambacho kwa sasa ni sehemu za kina kabisa za Malawi. Kemia ya maji inayofanana na hali ya sasa ilionekana tu miaka 60,000 iliyopita. Vipindi vikuu vya maji ya chini vinakadiriwa kutokea takriban miaka milioni 1.6 hadi 1.0-0.57 iliyopita (ambapo yangeweza kukauka kabisa), 420,000 hadi 250,000-110,000 miaka iliyopita, takriban miaka 25,000 iliyopita na miaka 18,000-10,700 iliyopita.&lt;ref&gt;https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/18/2/144/1079219?login=false&lt;/ref&gt; Wakati wa kilele cha kipindi cha maji ya chini kati ya 1390 na 1860 AD, inaweza kuwa 120-150 m (390-490 ft) chini ya viwango vya sasa vya maji.

==Sifa za maji==
Maji ya ziwa ni ya alkali (pH 7.7–8.6) na yana joto la kawaida la uso kati ya 24 na 29 °C (75–84 °F), huku sehemu zenye kina kirefu kwa kawaida huwa kama 22°C (72°F).[22] Thermocline iko katika kina cha mita 40–100 (futi 130–330).&lt;ref&gt;https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031018210001276?via%3Dihub=&lt;/ref&gt; Kikomo cha oksijeni kiko katika kina cha takriban mita 250 (futi 820), na hivyo kuzuia samaki na viumbe vingine vya aerobic kwa sehemu ya juu. Maji ni safi sana kwa ziwa na mwonekano unaweza kuwa hadi mita 20 (futi 66), lakini chini kidogo ya nusu ya takwimu hii ni ya kawaida zaidi na iko chini ya mita 3 (futi 10) katika ghuba zenye matope. Hata hivyo, wakati wa msimu wa mvua wa miezi ya Januari hadi Machi, maji huwa na matope zaidi kutokana na mtiririko wa matope wa mito.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Lake Malawi|url=https://www.worldatlas.com/lakes/lake-malawi.html|work=WorldAtlas|date=2021-07-17|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en-US|author=John Misachi July 17 2021 in Bodies of Water}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ukoloni wa Ulaya==
Mfanyabiashara Mreno Candido José da Costa Cardoso alikuwa Mzungu wa kwanza kutembelea ziwa hilo mnamo mwaka 1846.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea kitabu|url=http://archive.org/details/livingstone00jeal|title=Livingstone|last=Jeal|first=Tim|date=1973|publisher=New York, Putnam|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-399-11215-7}}&lt;/ref&gt; David Livingstone alifika ziwa hilo mnamo mwaka 1859, na kuliita Ziwa Nyasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Lake Nyasa {{!}} Encyclopedia.com|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/africa/african-physical-geography/lake-nyasa|work=www.encyclopedia.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pia aliirejelea kwa jozi ya majina ya utani: Ziwa la nyota&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t_wsAwAAQBAJ&amp;q=%22lake+of+stars%22+livingstone&amp;pg=PP170|title=David Livingstone, Africa's Greatest Explorer: The Man, the Missionary and the Myth|last=Bayly|first=Paul|date=2014-03-27|publisher=Fonthill Media|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; na Ziwa la dhoruba. Jina la utani la Ziwa la nyota lilikuja baada ya Livingstone kuona taa kutoka kwa taa za wavuvi nchini Malawi kwenye boti zao, zinazofanana na nyota angani kwa mbali. Baadaye, baada ya kukumbwa na mafuriko yasiyotabirika na yenye jeuri sana ambayohuwa yanaenea katika eneo hilo, pia alilitaja kama Ziwa la Dhoruba. Mnamo tarehe 16 Agosti 1914, Ziwa Malawi lilikuwa eneo la vita vifupi vya majini wakati wa Vita vya Kwanza vya Kidunia. Boti ya bunduki ya Uingereza SS Gwendolen, iliyoamriwa na Kapteni Rhoades, ilipokea amri kutoka kwa amri kuu ya Milki ya Uingereza ya &quot;kuzama, kuchoma, au kuharibu&quot; mashua pekee ya bunduki ya Dola ya Ujerumani kwenye ziwa, Hermann von, akiongozwa na Kapteni Wiss. Wafanyakazi wa Rhoades walipata Hermann von Wissmann katika ghuba karibu na Sphinxhaven, katika eneo la maji ya Afrika Mashariki ya Ujerumani. Gwendolen alizima mashua ya Wajerumani kwa risasi moja ya kanuni kutoka umbali wa takriban mita 1,800 (yadi 2,000). Mgogoro huu mfupi ulisifiwa na The Times nchini Uingereza kama ushindi wa kwanza wa majini wa Milki ya Uingereza katika Vita vya Kwanza vya dunia.

== Suala la mipaka ziwani ==
Malawi lina ufuko mrefu ziwani upande wa [[magharibi]] na kusini, ilhali Tanzania inapakana na kaskazini mwa ziwa na kwenye ufuko wa [[mashariki]], ikifuatwa na Msumbiji.  

Kuna [[ugomvi]] kati ya Malawi na Tanzania kuhusu mipaka ndani ya ziwa. Mpaka baina ya Malawi (zamani: Nyassaland) na Msumbiji ulipangwa wakati wa [[ukoloni]]. Lakini kuna mzozo kuhusu [[robo]] ya kaskazini-mashariki inayodaiwa na Tanzania kuwa ni eneo lake, ilhali Malawi inaidai pia. 

Malawi imedai ya kwamba maji yote hadi [[ufukwe|ufukoni]] upande wa Tanzania ni sehemu ya eneo lake la kitaifa. Tanzania imedai ya kwamba mpaka uwe katikati ya ziwa kufuatana na [[desturi]] za kimataifa. 

Sababu ya mzozo ni maelewano ya [[Ukoloni|kikoloni]]. Wakati wa kuanzishwa kwa [[Afrika ya Mashariki ya Kijerumani]] lakini kabla ya serikali ya [[Ujerumani]] kuchukua koloni mkononi mwake&lt;ref&gt;Koloni ya Afrika ya Mashariki ya Kijerumani ilianzishwa kama koloni ya kibiashara iliyomilikiwa na shirika la binafsi [[Kampuni ya Kijerumani kwa Afrika ya Mashariki]] na bila mipaka maalumu iliyoeleweka. Mnamo 1890 ilipoonekana shirika haliwezi kumiliki maeneo hayo, serikali iliamua kuchukua utawala mkononi mwake moja kwa moja. Katika maandalizi ya hatua hiyo, Ujerumani ilitafuta maelewano na Uingereza kuhusu &quot;mipaka ya maslahi&quot;  (spheres of interest) katika Afrika kwa jumla. Hapo nchi hizo mbili zilielewana pia kuhusu maeneo ambayo wakati ule hazikutawaliwa nazo bado. Tazama makala [[Mkataba wa Helgoland-Zanzibar]]&lt;/ref&gt;, [[serikali]] za [[Uingereza]] na [[Ujerumani]] zilipatana kuhusu mipaka ya &quot;eneo chini ya athira ya Ujerumani&quot; (&quot;German sphere of influence&quot;) kwa kutaja mpaka ulifuata ufuko wa Ziwa Nyasa.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;In East Africa, Germany's sphere of influence is demarcated thus: ... To the south by the line that starts on the coast of the northern border of Mozambique Province and follows the course of the Rovuma River to the point where the Messinge flows into the Rovuma. From here the line runs westward on the parallel of latitude to the shore of Lake Nyasa. Turning north, it continues along the eastern, northern, and western shores of the lake until it reaches the northern bank of the mouth of the Songwe River. &quot; ([http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/sub_document.cfm?document_id=782 Anglo-German Treaty (Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty) (July 1, 1890), article  I,2] {{Wayback|url=http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/sub_document.cfm?document_id=782 |date=20120119114434 }}, tovuti ya http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org, mradi wa German Historical Institute Washington, DC, iliangaliwa Machi 2019&lt;/ref&gt;  Leo inajadiliwa baina ya wanasharia wa kimataifa kama maneno haya yalitaja mipaka halisi ya kiutawala au kama yalikuwa tu mapatano ya awali kuhusu &quot;maeneo chini ya athira&quot; ya nchi husika&lt;ref&gt;[https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1193&amp;context=mjil Tiyanjana Maluwa: Oil Under Troubled Waters?: Some Legal Aspects of the Boundary Dispute Between Malawi and Tanzania Over Lake Malawi Tiyanjana Maluwa], jarida la Michigan Journal of International Law, 2016, ukurasa 360f&lt;/ref&gt;.

Baada ya mwaka [[1919]] [[Uingereza]] ilitawala [[Tanganyika]] pamoja na [[Malawi]] (Nyassaland), hivyo hakukuwa na shida. 

Kabla ya uhuru, wakati wawakilishi wa [[TANU]] walichaguliwa tayari kuwa wabunge katika bunge la kikoloni (legislative council) na Julius Nyerere alikuwa waziri mkuu wa Tanganyika tangu 1960, mbunge Chifu Mhaiki alitaka serikali iangalie upya haki za Tanganyika kwa maji ya ziwa. Tarehe 12 Oktoba 1960 waziri mkuu Nyerere alijibu:  &quot;Hakuna shaka lolote kuhusu mpaka huu. Tunajua kwamba hakuna tone la maji kwenye Ziwa Nyasa ni mali ya Tanganyika kufuatana na mapatano haya. Hali halisi tungedai serikali jirani ibadilishe mipaka kwa manufaa ya Tanganyika.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;&quot;There is no doubt at all about this boundary. We know that not a drop of the water of Lake Nyasa belongs to Tanganyika under the terms of the agreement, so that in actual fact we would be asking a neighboring Government [to] change the boundary in favor of Tanganyika.&quot;, Tanganyika Legislative Council, Official Report uk 614-615, kufuatana na James Mayall: The Malawi-Tanzania Boundary Dispute. The Journal of Modern African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 4 (Dec., 1973), uk 615, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/161618?read-now=1&amp;seq=5#page_scan_tab_contents online hapa]&lt;/ref&gt;. Chifu Mhaiki alirudia swali lake alipokuwa mbunge katika Bunge la Kitaifa baada ya uhuru wa Tanganyika mwaka 1962 na safari hii waziri mkuu Rashidi Kawawa alijibu tena kwamba hakuna sehemu ya Ziwa Nyasa iliyokuwa ndani ya Afrika ya Mashariki ya Kijerumani, kwamba Uingereza haikubadilisha mipaka hii na kwamba hata kama kuna hasara kwa Tanganyika serikali haiwezi kuanza majadiliano juu ya swali hili na Uingereza au serikali ya Nyasaland kabla ya uhuru wa nchi hii jirani&lt;ref&gt;Maluwa, uk. 373&lt;/ref&gt;.

Tarehe 3 Januari 1967 serikali ya Tanzania iliandika mara ya kwanza kwa serikali ya Malawi na kuifahamisha kwamba iliona mpaka baina ya nhci hizi ilifuata mstari wa kati wa Ziwa Nyasa. Malawi ilithibitisha kupokelewa kwa barua hii bila kuijibu rasmi. Hata hivyo rais Banda wa Malawi alikataa madai ya tanzania mbele ya bunge lake. [[Polisi]] ya Malawi ilijaribu kutawala [[wavuvi]] na [[feri]] za Tanzania ziwani. Mzozo huu ulisababisha [[risasi]] kufyatuliwa hadi kutulia mwaka 1968. 

Hadi leo hakuna mapatano rasmi lakini nchi zote [[mbili]] zinaendelea kudai bila kutumia nguvu. Hali halisi Malawi imeheshimu dai la Tanzania, haijasumbua tena wavuvi wala feri za jirani ndani ya robo ya kaskazini-mashariki ya ziwa.

Mzozo ulifufuka tena tangu mwaka 2012 baada ya Malawi kutoa vibali vya upelelezi wa gesi na mafuta chini ya ziwa, tendo linalopingwa na Tanzania.&lt;ref&gt;[https://allafrica.com/stories/201208130878.html Malawi: Old Border Dispute With Tanzania Over Lake Malawi Flares Up Again]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Maisha ya porini==
Wanyamapori wanaopatikana ndani na nje ya Ziwa Malawi au Nyasa ni pamoja na mamba wa Nile, kiboko, [[nyani]] na idadi kubwa ya [[tai]] wa Kiafrika wanaolisha samaki kutoka ziwani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Geography &amp; Wildlife|url=http://www.our-africa.org/malawi/geography-wildlife|work=Our Africa|language=en|access-date=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Uvuvi===
Ziwa Malawi kwa milenia limekuwa chanzo kikuu cha [[chakula]] kwa wakazi wa mwambao wake kwa vile maji yake yana samaki wengi. Miongoni mwa aina maarufu zaidi ni aina nne za chambo, inayojumuisha mojawapo ya spishi nne katika jenasi ndogo ya Nyasalapia (Oreochromis karongae, O. lidole, O. saka na O. squamipinnis), pamoja na O. shiranus&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Distribution and Biology of Chambo (Oreochromis spp.) in Lakes Malawi and Malombe.|url=https://www.fao.org/4/ad202e/AD202E00.htm|work=www.fao.org|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; inayohusiana kwa karibu. Aina nyingine zinazosaidia uvuvi muhimu ni pamoja na dagaa wa Ziwa Malawi (Engraulicypris sardella) na samaki aina ya kampango wakubwa (Bagrus meridionalis). Uvuvi mwingi hutoa chakula kwa ongezeko la watu karibu na ziwa, lakini baadhi yao husafirishwa kutoka Malawi. Idadi ya samaki porini inazidi kutishiwa na uvuvi wa kupita kiasi na uchafuzi wa maji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Preserving the Future for Lake Malawi|url=http://web.mit.edu/africantech/www/articles/Lake_Malawi.html|work=web.mit.edu|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kushuka kwa kina cha maji ya ziwa kunawakilisha tishio lingine, na inaaminika kuchochewa na uchimbaji wa maji na ongezeko la watu, mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa na pia ukataji miti.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|last=Banda|first=Mabvuto|title=Rapid drop in Lake Malawi's water levels drives down fish stocks|date=2013-05-22|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/may/22/lake-malawi-water-levels-fish-stocks|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chambo na kampango wamevuliwa kupita kiasi (kampango ilipungua kwa takriban 90% kutoka 2006 hadi 2016, O. karongae na O. squamipinnis kwa takriban 94%, na O. lidole wanaweza kuwa tayari wametoweka&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea jarida |last=Geoffrey Kanyerere (Malawi Dept Fisheries) |last2=Titus Phiri (Monkey Bay Fisheries Research Centre) |last3=Shechonge |first3=Asilatu |date=2018-05-22 |title=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Oreochromis karongae |url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/61293/148647939 |journal=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250529045927/https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/61293/148647939 |archive-date=2025-05-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea jarida |last=Titus Phiri (Monkey Bay Fisheries Research Centre) |last2=Geoffrey Kanyerere (Malawi Dept Fisheries) |date=2018-05-22 |title=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Oreochromis squamipinnis |url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/60760/148648312 |journal=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250603175310/https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/60760/148648312 |archive-date=2025-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;) na sasa wako katika hatari kubwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Rangers struggle to save endangered fish in Lake Malawi|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/africa/10/27/malawi.overfishing/|work=edition.cnn.com|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en|author=From� David McKenzie and Brent Swails CNN}}&lt;/ref&gt; IUCN inatambua aina 117 za cichlids za Malawi kuwa ziko hatarini; baadhi ya hizi zina safu ndogo na zinaweza kuwa na miamba ya pwani yenye urefu wa mita mia chache tu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Geographic Patterns|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/freshwater/eastafrica/geographicpatternsea|work=www.iucnredlist.org|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Uogeleaji==
Uogeleaji wa pekee wa kilomita 25 katika Ziwa Malawi kati ya Cape Ngomba na Senga Bay umekamilika kwa mara 5 na waogeleaji 16. 

1992: Lewis Pugh masaa 9 na dakika 52 (Uingereza/Afrika Kusini)&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Internal Waters {{!}} Expeditions|url=http://lewispugh.com/internal-waters/|work=lewispugh.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; na Otto Thanning (Afrika Kusini) masaa 10 na dakika 5 

2010: Abigail Brown (Uingereza) masaa 9 na dakika 45 

2013: Milko van Gool (Uholanzi) masaa 8 na dakika 46&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Milko Van Gool thought to be fastest male solo swimmer across North Channel|date=2013-07-30|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-south-scotland-23510169|work=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; na Kaitlin Harthoorn (Marekani) masaa 9 na dakika 17 

2016: (rekodi ya sasa) Jean Craven (Afrika Kusini), Robert Dunford (Kenya), Michiel Le Roux (Afrika Kusini), Samantha Whelpton (Afrika Kusini), Greig Bannatyne (Afrika Kusini), Haydn Von Maltitz (Afrika Kusini), Douglas Livingstone-Blevins (Afrika Kusini) masaa 7 na dakika 53&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Crossing Lake Malawi – MAD Swimmer|url=https://madswimmer.com/crossing-lake-malawi-gallery/|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2019: Chris Stapley (Eswatini) na Jay Azran (Afrika Kusini) masaa 8 na dakika 40, Andrew Stevens (Australia) masaa 10 na dakika 50, na Ruth Azran (Afrika Kusini) masaa 11 na dakika 8.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Swimming Cows conquer Lake Malawi in brutal conditions – The Cows|url=http://thecows.co.za/2019/05/09/swimming-cows-conquer-lake-malawi-in-brutal-conditions/|work=thecows.co.za|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-ZA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mwaka huo huo, Martin Hobbs (Afrika Kusini), akawa mtu wa kwanza kuogelea urefu mzima wa Ziwa Malawi (siku 54), na pia kuweka rekodi ya dunia ya kuogelea kwa muda mrefu zaidi katika ziwa hili.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Man braves crocodiles, hippos to set world record in 54-day swim across lake|url=https://abcnews.com/International/man-braves-crocodiles-hippos-set-world-record-54/story?id=62626659|work=ABC News|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en|author=A. B. C. News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Marejeo==
&lt;references/&gt;
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Ziwa Nyasa]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Tanzania]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Malawi]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Msumbiji]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>9stav4lw5pttgqf7iw2eym9j7lbxcsd</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tanganyika (ziwa)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="15503" sha1="knfeh3th3ipwqv9if1ff6jtsworo5al" xml:space="preserve">{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Tanganyika
  | picha = Lake tanganyika.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha =  Ziwa Tanganyika jinsi linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]]
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Burundi]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Kongo]], &lt;br /&gt;[[Tanzania]], [[Zambia]]
  | eneo = km² 32,893 kutegemeana na kiasi cha mvua
  | kina = kuanzia m 3.5 hadi 1,470
  | mito inayoingia = [[Lufubu]], [[Malagarasi]], [[Ruzizi]] 
  | mito inayotoka = [[Lukuga]]
  | kimo = m 782
  | miji = [[Bujumbura]], [[Kalemie]], [[Kigoma]]
}}
[[Picha:Ziwa Tanganyika.PNG|thumb|300px|right|Ziwa Tanganyika pamoja na miji muhimu kando lake]]
'''Ziwa Tanganyika''' ni moja ya [[Ziwa|maziwa]] makubwa ya [[Afrika ya Kati]] likienea mpakani mwa [[Tanzania]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Burundi]] na [[Zambia]]. 

Ni ziwa kubwa la pili [[duniani]] kwa wingi wa [[maji matamu]] baada ya [[Ziwa Baikal]] ([[Siberia]]) kwa kuzingatia kiasi cha [[maji]] ndani yake na [[kina]] (hadi [[mita]] 1,470). 

Kwa kulinganisha eneo lake ([[km²]] 32,893) ni la pili tu baada ya [[Viktoria Nyanza]] katika [[Afrika]].  

Maji yake hutoka kuelekea [[Kongo (mto)|mto Kongo]] ha hatimaye katika [[Atlantiki|Bahari Atlantiki]]. 

==Jina==
Hatuna uhakika jinsi gani wenyeji walioishi kando ya ziwa hilo waliliita kwa [[lugha]] zao mbalimbali. Kutokana na taarifa za [[wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] waliofika huko kwenye [[karne ya 19]] na kushika yale waliyoelewa kutoka kwa wenyeji, kuna ushuhuda fulani kuhusu majina manne ambayo ni &quot;Tanganika&quot;, &quot;Liemba&quot;, &quot;Kimana&quot; na &quot;Nsaga&quot;.

[[Jina]] la Tanganika limepokewa na [[Wazungu]] wa kwanza kutoka kwa wenyeji wa [[Ujiji]]. [[Henry Morton Stanley]] aliyetembelea ziwa mnamo mwaka [[1876]] aliandika ya kwamba [[watu]] wa Ujiji hawakuwa na uhakika kuhusu maana ya jina, ila tu kwamba lilimaanisha &quot;ziwa kubwa&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Habari zifuatazo kutoka HM Stanley, [https://archive.org/stream/throughdarkconti1878stan2#page/n31/mode/2up Through the Dark Continent Vol 2, p 16] &lt;/ref&gt;. Maana waliita maziwa madogo &quot;Kitanga&quot;, na waliita pia &quot;ziwa la Usukuma&quot; yaani [[Viktoria Nyanza]] kwa jina hilo &quot;Tanganika&quot;. Wajiji walimwambia Stanley ya kwamba labda neno &quot;nika&quot; ilitokana na aina ya [[samaki]] walioitwa vile. Baadaye Stanley alikumbuka neno &quot;nika&quot; katika [[lugha]] nyingine za [[Lugha za Kiafrika-Kiasia|Kiafrika]] kwa maana ya &quot;tambarare, eneo kubwa bapa&quot; akahisi ya kwamba waliita ziwa kama &quot;tambarare kubwa iliyotanda&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Tanganika, 'the great lake spreading out like a plain', or 'plain-like lake'. Maelezo tofauti kidogo ni kwamba jina Tanganyika limetokana na samaki wa aina mbili ndani ya ziwa, aina ya kwanza anaitwa Tanga na wa pili anaitwa Nyika, hivyo ziwa hilo kwa wakati huo wa hao samaki kupatikana katika ziwa hilo likaitwa ziwa la Tanga na nyika! Baadaye katika matamshi wenyeji wa eneo hilo wakawa wanaita Tanganyika na baadaye kuzaa nchi inayoitwa Tanganyika na baadhi ya sehemu kuitwa hivyo.&lt;/ref&gt;.

Stanley alishika pia majina ya ziwa kwa [[Kabila|makabila]] mengine: watu wa [[Marungu]] walisema &quot;Kimana&quot;, wale wa [[Urungu]] &quot;Iemba&quot; na [[Wakawendi]] &quot;Nsaga&quot; kwa maana &quot;ziwa lenye dhoruba&quot;. Alichoshika na watu wa Urungu, yaani &quot;Iemba&quot;, inalingana na taarifa ya [[David Livingstone]] aliyekuta jina &quot;Liemba&quot; kuwa jina la sehemu ya [[kusini]] ya ziwa na jina hili linaendelea kutumiwa kwa [[meli]] ya [[MV Liemba]] inayosafirisha watu na [[bidhaa]] ziwani tangu mwaka [[1914]].

Jina la ziwa limekuwa pia jina la [[Eneo la kudhaminiwa|eneo lililokabidhiwa]] kwa [[Uingereza]] kama [[Tanganyika]] baada ya [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia]] tangu [[1919]].&lt;ref&gt;Mwaka 1919 sehemu kubwa ya [[koloni]] la [[Afrika ya Mashariki ya Kijerumani]] ilikabidhiwa rasmi mikononi mwa Uingereza kama [[eneo la kudhaminiwa]] chini ya [[mamlaka]] ya [[Shirikisho la Mataifa]] kulingana na kifungo 22 cha [[mkataba wa Versailles]].

Mwaka [[1922]] Shirikisho la Mataifa lilithibitisha hatua hiyo na kuamua masharti ya kukabidhi.

Waingereza walihitaji jina jipya kwa ajili ya koloni hilo na tangu Januari [[1920]] wakaamua kuliita &quot;Tanganyika Territory&quot; kwa kutumia jina la ziwa kubwa upande wa [[mashariki]] wa eneo. &lt;sup&gt;[[Tanganyika#cite note-1|[1]]]&lt;/sup&gt;
&lt;/ref&gt;

== Jiografia ==
Maji ya Ziwa Tanganyika yanajaza [[ufa]] kubwa kwenye [[ganda la dunia]] ambalo ni sehemu ya [[bonde la ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki]]. Ni ziwa lenye kina kikubwa katika Afrika.  

=== Vipimo ===
Kina cha [[wastani]] ni [[Mita|m]] 570, ni kubwa zaidi katika sehemu ya [[kaskazini]] ambako vilindi vyake hufikia kina cha mita 1470. Kutokana na kina kikubwa kinashika kiwango kikubwa cha maji matamu kati ya maziwa yote ya Afrika (18,900 [[Mita ya ujazo|km³]]) na [[asilimia]] 16 ya maji matamu yote duniani. 

[[Halijoto]] ya maji usoni mwa ziwa ni [[sentigredi]] 25 na [[uchungu]] wake ni [[pH]] 8.4 hivi.

[[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 676 kutoka kaskazini hadi kusini na [[upana]] wake ni km 50 kwa wastani. Uso wa maji huwa na eneo la [[Kilomita ya mraba|km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;]] 32,900 na urefu wa [[pwani]] yake ni km 1,828. &lt;ref&gt;Viwango vyote vinatajwa kufuatana na [http://wldb.ilec.or.jp/Details/lake/AFR-06 &quot;World Lake Database&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://wldb.ilec.or.jp/Details/lake/AFR-06 |date=20180210181842 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kina kikubwa cha ziwa kimesababisha kuwepo kwa safu za maji zisizochanganya maana maji ya chini hayakorogwi kwa [[upepo]] au mikondo na maji ya juu, hivyo maji ya chini hayapokei [[oksijeni]] na kuwa na [[uhai]] kidogo. [[Samaki]] na [[viumbehai]] wengi hawawezi kuishi katika maji bila oksijeni.  

=== Beseni ===
Ziwa linapokea maji yake kutoka [[mito]] ya [[mazingira]] inayoishia humo. [[Beseni]] lake huwa na eneo la km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; 231,000 (sq mi 89,000).  

Mito miwili mikubwa na mito mingi midogo inaishia ziwani. [[Mto Lukuga]] hutoka ziwani na kupeleka maji yake kwenda [[beseni la Kongo]]. 

Mto mkubwa zaidi unaoingia ni [[mto Ruzizi|Ruzizi]] unaofika upande wa kaskazini kutoka [[Ziwa Kivu]]. [[Malagarasi (mto)|Malagarasi]], ambao ni mto mrefu wa pili nchini Tanzania, inaingia upande wa mashariki.

=== Kubadilika kwa kiasi cha maji ===
Kutokana na mahali pake katika [[tropiki]] kwenye [[jua]] kali, Ziwa Tanganyika linapotewa na maji mengi kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa hiyo kiasi cha maji ndani yake inategemeana na kiasi cha maji yanayoingia. Kwa sasa [[chanzo]] kikubwa ni maji ya [[Ziwa Kivu]]. Imegunduliwa ya kwamba uwiano wa ziwa ulibadilika sana katika [[historia]]. &lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.de/books?id=C_ABrmnsKY4C&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;dq=L%C3%A9v%C3%AAqu,+Christian&amp;hl=de&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwibw9GtyJTQAhVCJsAKHYBLDWwQuwUINTAC#v=onepage&amp;q=L%C3%A9v%C3%AAqu%2C%20Christian&amp;f=false  tazama Christian Lévêque, Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation: The Freshwater Fish of Tropical Africa], Cambridge University Press 1997, uk. 109 ff&lt;/ref&gt; 

Mnamo miaka 200,000 iliyopita uso wa ziwa ulikuwa mita 600 chini ya uwiano wa leo. Wakati wa vipindi vya [[tabianchi]] yenye [[mvua]] nyingi zaidi uwiano ulipanda juu, na kupungua tena kwenye vipindi vya [[ukame]]. Vipindi hivi vya mabadiliko vilidumu mara kwa mara miaka [[elfu]] kadhaa. 

Hali ya sasa imepatikana tangu miaka 12,000. Wakati ule [[volkeno za Virunga]] vililipuka na kuziba mto uliowahi kubeba maji ya Ziwa Kivu kuelekea [[mto Naili]] na baada ya kufikia uwiano wa leo maji ya Kivu yalianza kutoka upande wa Tanganyika kupitia njia ya Ruzizi.  

Mabadiliko ya uwiano wa maji kwenye ziwa yalitazamwa pia katika historia ya miaka 200 iliyopita kwa kulinganisha kumbukumbu ya wakazi na taarifa za wapelelezi Wazungu walioandika taarifa juu ya safari zao. Baada ya mwaka [[1800]] maji yalikuwa chini sana, kabla ya [[1900]] yalikuwa juu sana, tangu 1900 yalishuka tena. Katika [[miaka ya 1960]] ziwa lilijaa tena likabaki hivi hadi sasa. 

Mabadiliko haya yanalingana na mabadiliko katika kiasi cha mvua inayopokewa katika beseni ya ziwa. &lt;ref&gt;[http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1005424619718  Historical and Modern Fluctuations of Lakes Tanganyika and Rukwa and Their Relationship to Rainfall Variability], Sharon E. Nicholson in: Climatic Change (1999) 41 (summary on springer.com, iliangaliwa Novemba 2016)&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Miji na nchi jirani ===
[[Miji]] mikubwa ziwani ni [[bandari]] za [[Kigoma]] kwa upande wa Tanzania na [[Kalemie]] kwa upande wa Kongo. Kila bandari ni pamoja na mwanzo wa [[njia ya reli]]. Mji mkubwa kabisa ni [[Bujumbura]], [[mji mkuu]] wa [[Burundi]]. 

Eneo lote la ziwa limegawiwa baina ya nchi jirani yaani [[Tanzania]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Burundi]] na [[Zambia]]. Sehemu kubwa iko chini ya Tanzania (46[[%]]) na Kongo (40%).

==== Visiwa ====
Kuna [[visiwa]] mbalimbali ndani ya ziwa Tanganyika. Vikubwa zaidi ni pamoja na 
* Visiwa vya [[Kavala]], [[Mamba-Kayenda]], [[Milima (kisiwa)|Milima]] na [[Kibishie]] katika sehemu ya Kongo
* Visiwa vya [[Mutonowe]] na [[Kumbula]] katika sehemu ya Zambia 
* [[Kisiwa cha Lupita]] katika sehemu ya Tanzania

==Sifa za Maji==
Maji ya ziwa hili yana alkali na pH karibu 9 katika kina cha 0-100 m (0-330 ft). Chini ya hii, ni karibu 8.7, ikipungua polepole hadi 8.3–8.5 katika sehemu za kina kabisa za Tanganyika. Mchoro sawa unaweza kuonekana katika upitishaji umeme, kuanzia takriban 670 μS/cm katika sehemu ya juu hadi 690 μS/cm ndani kabisa. Joto la uso kwa ujumla huanzia takriban 24 °C (75 °F) katika sehemu ya kusini ya ziwa mapema Agosti hadi 28-29 °C (82-84 °F) mwishoni mwa msimu wa mvua mwezi Machi-Aprili.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea jarida |last=Edmond |first=J. M. |last2=Stallard |first2=R. F. |last3=Craig |first3=H. |last4=Craig |first4=V. |last5=Weiss |first5=R. F. |last6=Coulter |first6=G. W. |date=1993 |title=Nutrient chemistry of the water column of Lake Tanganyika |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4319/lo.1993.38.4.0725 |journal=Limnology and Oceanography |language=en |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=725–738 |doi=10.4319/lo.1993.38.4.0725 |issn=1939-5590}}&lt;/ref&gt; Katika kina cha zaidi ya m 400 (futi 1,300), halijoto ni thabiti sana katika 23.1–23.4 °C (73.6–74.1 °F). 

Maji yameongezeka joto polepole tangu karne ya 19 na hii imeongezeka kwa ongezeko la joto duniani tangu miaka ya 1950.  Ziwa hili lina tabaka na mchanganyiko wa msimu kwa ujumla hauendelei zaidi ya kina cha mita 150 (futi 490). Mchanganyiko hasa hutokea kama mwinuko upande wa kusini na unaendeshwa na upepo, lakini kwa kiasi kidogo, kupanda na kushuka pia hutokea mahali pengine katika ziwa. Kama matokeo ya utabakaji, sehemu za kina zina &quot;maji ya kisukuku&quot;. Hii pia inamaanisha kuwa haina oksijeni (haina oksijeni) katika sehemu za kina, kimsingi inazuia samaki na viumbe vingine vya aerobic kwenye sehemu ya juu. Baadhi ya tofauti za kijiografia zinaonekana katika kikomo hiki, lakini kwa kawaida iko kwenye kina cha karibu mita 100 (330 ft) katika sehemu ya kaskazini ya ziwa na 240-250 m (790-820 ft) kusini. Sehemu za ndani kabisa zisizo na oksijeni zina viwango vya juu vya sulfidi hidrojeni yenye sumu na kimsingi hazina uhai, isipokuwa bakteria.

==Biolojia==
[[Picha:Cichlidae_-_Cyphotilapia_frontosa.JPG|thumb|Cyphotilapia frontosa, spishi ya Cychlidae katika Ziwa Tanganyika]]
Kuna [[spishi]] nyingi za samaki aina ya [[cichlidae]] zinazokadiriwa kuwa 250 na angalau spishi 75 za samaki wengine. Spishi nyingi wanaishi karibu na [[mwambao]] na hadi kina cha mita 180; chini yake kiwango cha oksijeni kinapungua mno. Lakini kiasi kikubwa cha samaki kinapatikana katikati ya ziwa, ila ni spishi chache tu, hasa spishi mbili za [[kapenta]] (inayoitwa pia [[dagaa]]) na spishi [[nne]] za [[sangala]].

Cichlidae karibu spishi zote ni wenyeji wa ziwa yaani wametokea hapa. Pia sangala ni wenyeji wa Tanganyika, kwa hiyo hakuna matatizo kama huko Viktoria Nyanza ambako spishi ya sangala iliingizwa miaka 50 iliyopita na kuvuruga [[ekolojia]] ya ziwa.

Kutokana na mazingira ya pekee ziwa Tanganyika ni mahali pa kutazama matokeo ya [[mageuko_ya_spishi]].
&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.31.1.163 African Cichlid Fishes: Model Systems for Evolutionary Biology] {{Wayback|url=http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.31.1.163 |date=20171107200413 }}, Kornfield, Ivy &amp; Smith, Peter A., ktk Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, Vol. 31: 163-196, Nov. 2000&lt;/ref&gt;

Cichlidae wa ziwa Tanganyika wanapendwa kama [[samaki wa mapambo]] wakinunuliwa na kufugwa na wenye [[tangisamaki]] kote duniani. 

Ziwani kuna pia spishi nyingi za pekee za [[konokono]] na [[kaa]] pamoja na [[crustacea]] nyingine.

==Uvuvi==
[[Picha:Fish from lake Tanganyika with rice and beans.jpg|thumb|Samaki ya ziwani katika hoteli ya Kigoma]]
Tasnia muhimu katika eneo la ziwa ni [[uvuvi]]. Inakadiriwa ya kwamba baina ya 25–40[[%]] za [[protini]] katika [[chakula]] cha [[milioni]] 1 ya watu wanaoishi kule ni kutoka samaki wa ziwani&lt;ref&gt;[http://data.mongabay.com/external/lake_tanganyika_warming.htm Lake Ecosystem Critical to East African Food Supply Is Threatened by Climate Change] , taarifa ya National Science Foundation (NSF) kupitia tovuti ya www.mongabay.com, iliangaliwa 6 Novemba 2016 &lt;/ref&gt;. 

Mwaka [[2015]] kulikuwa na watu 100,000 hivi waliofanya [[kazi]] kuhusiana na uvuvi. 

Samaki wa ziwani wanauzwa kote [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]. Katika [[miaka ya 1950]] uvuvi wa kibiashara ulianzishwa ziwani ukasabisha kupotea kwa samaki: kufikia mwaka [[1995]] mavuno ya samaki yalipungua hadi [[tani]] 180,000. Kampuni nyingi za uvuvi zilizostawi katika [[miaka ya 1980]] ziliporomoka.

==Usafiri==
[[Picha:Liemba1.jpg|thumb|436x436px|Feri ya [[Liemba (meli)|MV Liemba]] ziwani]]
[[Usafiri]] ni mgumu kufikia Ziwa Tanganyika kutoka miji mikuu ya nchi zao.

Kuna [[njia za reli]] zinazoishia 
* [[Kigoma]] (Tanzania) kutoka [[Dar es Salaam]], bado kwenye njia ya reli iliyojengwa zamani za [[Afrika ya Mashariki ya Kijerumani|ukoloni wa Kijerumani]]
* [[Kalemie]] (J.D. Kongo) kutoka [[Lubumbashi]]
* [[Mpulungu]] (Zambia) - hakuna reli bado, ila kuna mipango ya kujenga njia hadi njia kuu ya [[TAZARA]]

[[Huduma]] iliyopo hadi sasa ni ngumu na hali za njia za reli si nzuri. Upande wa Tanzania [[treni]] zilichelewa mno, masaa hata siku, lakini hali ilianza kuwa afadhali kuanzia Julai 2016.&lt;ref&gt;TRC ilitangaza ya kwamba tarehe 23 Julai 2016 treni ya abiria kutoka Kigoma ilifika Dar es Salaam &quot;on time&quot; yaani kwenye saa na dakika iliyoandikwa katika ratiba yake. Tazama http://www.trl.co.tz/?p=1316 {{Wayback|url=http://www.trl.co.tz/?p=1316 |date=20161116015657 }} tovuti ya TRC  (iliangaliwa Novemba 2016)&lt;/ref&gt;

Muhimu kwa ajili ya watu ziwani ni huduma ya [[feri]]. Kuna meli 2 zinazobeba [[abiria]] na mizigo ambazo ni [[MV Liemba]] baina ya Kigoma na Mpulungu halafu [[MV Mwongozo]] baina ya Kigoma na Bujumbura.

==Marejeo==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
{{commons category|Lake Tanganyika}}
* [http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM |date=20080314015746 }}
* [http://www.cichlidexplorer.com/category/lake-tanganyika-cichlids/ Index of Lake Tanganyika Cichlids] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cichlidexplorer.com/category/lake-tanganyika-cichlids/ |date=20111117090309 }}
{{Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}
{{Maziwa ya Tanzania}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Tanzania]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Zambia]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Burundi]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Tanganyika| ]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Katavi]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Rukwa]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Zambezi (mto)</title>
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        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
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      <text bytes="29072" sha1="993jr22pcz0z88axr3qowrw3je9o1pl" xml:space="preserve">{{Sanduku ya Mto | river_name = Mto wa Zambezi
  | image_name = Victoria Falls aerial view September 2003.jpg
  | caption = Mto Zambezi kwenye maporomoko ya Victoria
  | origin = karibu na [[Mwinilunga]], Zambia
  | mouth = [[Bahari ya Hindi]]
  | basin_countries = [[Zambia]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Kongo]], [[Angola]], [[Namibia]], [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Msumbiji]]
  | length = km 2,574
  | elevation = m 1,500
  | discharge = m&amp;sup3;/s 7,000 
  | watershed = km&amp;sup2; 1,570,000 
}}
'''Zambezi''' (pia huandikwa '''Zambeze''' au '''Zambesi''') ni mto wa nne kwa urefu barani [[Afrika]], mto mrefu zaidi unaotiririka kuelekea mashariki barani Afrika, na mto mkubwa zaidi unaomwaga maji yake katika [[Bahari ya Hindi]] kutokea Afrika. Bonde lake la uondoaji maji  linafikia eneo la kilomita za mraba 1,390,000 (maili za mraba 540,000),&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20081217180850/http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Réseau International des Organismes de Bassin|url=https://www.inbo-news.org/fr/reseau-international-des-organismes-de-bassin/|work=RIOB|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt; ikiwa ni chini kidogo ya nusu ya bonde la Mto Nile. Mto huo wenye urefu wa kilomita 2,574 (maili 1,599) unaanzia nchini [[Zambia]] na kutiririka kupitia mashariki mwa [[Angola]], kando ya mpaka wa kaskazini-mashariki wa [[Namibia]] na mpaka wa kaskazini wa [[Botswana]], kisha kando ya mpaka kati ya Zambia na [[Zimbabwe]] hadi [[Msumbiji]], ambapo unavuka nchi hiyo na kuishia katika Bahari ya Hindi.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.britannica.com/place/Zambezi-River&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Zambezi River Facts and Information|url=https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/zambezi-river.html|work=www.victoriafalls-guide.net|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kivutio maarufu zaidi cha Mto Zambezi ni Maporomoko ya maji ya Victoria. Maporomoko yake mengine ni pamoja na Maporomoko ya Chavuma&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Chavuma Falls {{!}} waterfall, Zambia {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chavuma-Falls|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2026-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; na Maporomoko ya Ngonye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ngonye Falls|url=https://www.zambiatourism.com/destinations/waterfalls/ngonye-falls/|work=Zambia Tourism|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Beseni]] lake lina [[km²]] 1,570,000 au [[nusu]] ya mto Nile. [[Chanzo (mto)|Chanzo]] chake kiko [[Zambia]], halafu mto unapita [[Angola]] mpakani na [[Namibia]], [[Botswana]], Zambia na [[Zimbabwe]] kwenda [[Msumbiji]] inapofikia Bahari Hindi katika [[delta]] ya [[km²]] 880.

Kwenye mwendo wa Zambezi pana [[maporomoko]] kadhaa hasa maporomoko ya [[Victoria Falls]]. Mengine ni maporomoko ya [[Chavuma]] mpakani mwa Zambia na Angola, halafu [[Ngonye Falls]] karibu na [[Sioma]], Zambia ya [[magharibi]]. 

Vyanzo vikuu viwili vya nishati ya umeme wa maji kwenye mto huo ni Bwawa la Kariba, ambalo linatoa umeme nchini Zambia na Zimbabwe, na Bwawa la Cahora Bassa nchini Msumbiji, ambalo linatoa umeme nchini Msumbiji na [[Afrika Kusini]]. Aidha, vituo vingine viwili vidogo vya kufua umeme nchini Zambia viko kwenye Maporomoko ya Victoria  na Zengamina.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea jarida |last=Pasanisi |first=Francesco |last2=Tebano |first2=Carlo |last3=Zarlenga |first3=Francesco |date=2016-02-25 |title=A Survey near Tambara along the Lower Zambezi River |url=https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/3/1/6 |journal=Environments |language=en |volume=3 |issue=1 |doi=10.3390/environment |issn=2076-3298 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251127035450/https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/3/1/6 |archive-date=2025-11-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Vyanzo ==

=== Asili ===
[[Faili:Zambezi River at junction of Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe &amp; Botswana.jpg|thumb|Mto Zambezi katika makutano ya Namibia (juu kushoto), Zambia (kulia), Zimbabwe (chini), na Botswana (katikati kushoto). Tangu picha hii ipigwe, Daraja la Kazungula limejengwa kuvuka mto huo kati ya Zambia na Botswana.]]
Mto huo unaanzia kwenye dambo (ardhi chepechepe) nyeusi yenye kinamasi katika misitu minene ya miombo inayoinuka na kushuka, kilomita 50 (maili 31) kaskazini mwa Mwinilunga na kilomita 20 (maili 12) kusini mwa Ikelenge katika Wilaya ya Ikelenge mkoani Kaskazini-Magharibi, Zambia, ukiwa katika mwinuko wa takriban mita 1,524 (futi 5,000) juu ya usawa wa bahari.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20150904101922/http://www.muvitv.com/dilapidated-zambezi-source-site-worry-ikelenge-dc/&lt;/ref&gt; Eneo linalozunguka chanzo hicho ni mnara wa kitaifa, hifadhi ya msitu, na eneo muhimu kwa ndege.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20150904101922/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=7178&lt;/ref&gt;

Kuelekea upande wa mashariki mwa chanzo hicho, kigawaneo cha maji kati ya Mabonde ya Congo na Zambezi ni ukanda uliojitokeza wazi wa ardhi ya juu,unaotiririka takriban kutoka mashariki hadi magharibi na kushuka kwa ghafla upande wa kaskazini na kusini. Ukanda huu unakata na kutenganisha wazi bonde la Lualaba (tawi kuu la juu la Mto Congo) na lile la Zambezi. Katika maeneo ya jirani na chanzo hicho, kigawaneo cha maji hakijajipambanua kwa uwazi sana, lakini mifumo hii miwili ya mito haiungani.

Eneo linalopitisha maji kutoka Mto Zambezi ni uwanda wa juu mpana wenye kingo zilizomomonyoka wenye mwinuko wa mita 900–1,200 (futi 3,000–3,900), ambao kwa upande wa ndani kabisa umeundwa na matabaka ya miamba geu na kuzungukwa na miamba ya moto katika Maporomoko ya Victoria. Kule Chupanga, upande wa chini wa Mto Zambezi, matabaka membamba ya miamba ya mchanga ya rangi ya kijivu na njano, kukiwa na miviringo ya hapa na pale ya miamba ya chokaa, yanajitokeza juu kwenye sakafu ya mto wakati wa kiangazi, na haya yanaendelea hadi ng'ambo ya Tete, ambapo yanaambatana na mishipa mikubwa ya makaa ya mawe. Makaa ya mawe pia yanapatikana katika wilaya iliyo chini kidogo ya Maporomoko ya Victoria. Miamba yenye madini ya dhahabu inajitokeza katika maeneo kadhaa.

=== Zambezi ya Juu ===
[[Faili:Zambezi river basin-en.svg|thumb|Zambezi na bonde lake la mto]]
Mto huo hutiririka kuelekea kusini-magharibi kuingia Angola kwa takriban kilomita 240 (maili 150), kisha unaungana na vijito vikubwa vya mto kama vile Luena na Chifumage vinavyotiririka kutoka nyanda za juu za upande wa kaskazini-magharibi. Unageuka kuelekea kusini na kutengeneza uwanda wa mafuriko, wenye mabadiliko makubwa sana ya upana kati ya majira ya kiangazi na masika. Unaingia kwenye msitu mnene wa kijani kibichi wa kiangazi wa ''Cryptosepalum'', ingawa kwa upande wake wa magharibi, maeneo ya nyasi ya Zambezi ya Magharibi pia yanapatikana. Unapoingia tena nchini Zambia, unakuwa na upana wa karibu mita 400 (futi 1,300) wakati wa majira ya masika na utiririka kwa kasi kubwa, ukiwa na maporomoko madogo ya maji yanayoishia kwenye Maporomoko ya Chavuma, ambapo mto huo unapita kwenye ufa wa miamba. Mto huo unashuka kwa mita 400 (futi 1,300) katika mwinuko wake kutoka chanzo chake kilichopo mita 1,500 (futi 4,900) hadi kufika Maporomoko ya Chavuma yaliyopo mita 1,100 (futi 3,600), katika umbali wa takriban kilomita 400 (maili 250). Kuanzia eneo hili hadi Maporomoko ya Victoria, usawa wa beseni la mto ni tambarare sana, ukishuka kwa mita nyingine 180 (futi 590) pekee katika umbali wa karibu kilomita 800 (maili 500).&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Zambezi River|url=https://www.geologypage.com/2014/11/zambezi-river.html|work=Geology Page|date=2014-11-25|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en-US|author=Geology Page}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kijito chake kikubwa cha kwanza kuingia Zambezi ni Mto Kabompo uliopo mkoani Kaskazini-Magharibi nchini Zambia. Eneo la savana (nyika) ambalo mto huo unapita linabadilika na kuwa uwanda mpana wa mafuriko, ukiwa umetawanyika mitende ya Borassus. Upande wa kusini kidogo kuna makutano ya mto na Mto Lungwebungu. Hapa ndipo mwanzo wa Uwanda wa Mafuriko wa Barotse, ambao ni kivutio maarufu zaidi cha upande wa juu wa Zambezi, ingawa sehemu hii ya kaskazini haifuriki sana na inajumuisha visiwa vya ardhi ya juu vilivyopo katikati.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Zambezi River Facts and Information|url=https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/zambezi-river.html|work=www.victoriafalls-guide.net|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Takriban kilomita 30 chini ya makutano ya Mto Lungwebungu, nchi inakuwa tambarare sana, na ule mwonekano wa asili wa Uwanda wa Mafuriko wa Barotse unajifunua, huku mafuriko yakifikia upana wa kilomita 25 wakati wa masika. Kwa zaidi ya kilomita 200 kuelekea chini ya mto, mzunguko wa kila mwaka wa mafuriko unatawala mazingira ya asili pamoja na maisha ya mwanadamu, jamii, na utamaduni. Takriban kilomita 80 mbele zaidi kuelekea chini, Mto Luanginga, ambao pamoja na matawi yake unanyonya maji katika eneo kubwa la upande wa magharibi, unaungana na Zambezi. Umbali mfupi tu kuelekea juu upande wa mashariki, mkondo mkuu unaungana wakati wa masika na maji yanayofurika kutoka mfumo wa Luampa/Luena.

Umbali mfupi kuelekea chini ya mto kutoka makutano ya Mto Luanginga ni Lealui, mji mkuu mmojawapo wa Walozi, wanaoishi katika ukanda wa Barotseland mkoani Magharibi nchini Zambia. Chifu wa Walozi anamiliki moja ya makazi yake mawili huko Lealui; lingine liko Limulunga, ambalo lipo kwenye ardhi ya juu na hutumika kama mji mkuu wakati wa majira ya masika. Kuhama kwa kila mwaka kutoka Lealui kwenda Limulunga ni tukio kubwa, linalosherehekewa kama moja ya sherehe za kitamaduni zinazojulikana zaidi nchini Zambia, yaani Kuomboka.

Baada ya Lealui, mto huo hugeuka kuelekea kusini-kusini-mashariki. Kutokea upande wa mashariki, unaendelea kupokea mito mingi midogo, lakini kwa upande wa magharibi, hauna matawi makubwa ya mto kwa umbali wa kilomita 240. Kabla ya hapo, Maporomoko ya Ngonye na maporomoko madogo ya maji yanayofuata yanazuia usafiri wa vyombo vya majini. Kusini mwa Maporomoko ya Ngonye, mto huo unapakana kwa muda mfupi na Ukanda wa Caprivi wa Namibia. Chini ya makutano kati ya Mto Cuando na Zambezi, mto unajipinda ukielekea takriban mashariki kabisa. Hapa, mto huo ni mpana, una kina kifupi na utiririka taratibu, lakini unapoendelea kutiririka kuelekea mashariki kukabili ukingo wa uwanda wa juu mkubwa wa kati wa Afrika, unafikia ufa mkubwa ambapo Maporomoko ya Victoria yanaporomoka.

=== Zambezi ya Kati ===
Maporomoko ya Victoria yanachukuliwa kuwa mpaka kati ya upande wa juu na wa kati wa Mto Zambezi. Chini ya maporomoko hayo, mto unaendelea kutiririka moja kwa moja kuelekea mashariki kwa takriban kilomita 200 (maili 120), ukipenya katikati ya kuta zilizosimama wima za miamba ya mgando zenye umbali wa mita 20 hadi 60 (futi 66 hadi 197) kutoka ukuta mmoja hadi mwingine, zikiwa ndani ya vilima vyenye urefu wa mita 200 hadi 250 (futi 660 hadi 820). Mto huo hutiririka kwa kasi kubwa kupitia Bonde la Batoka, huku mkondo wake ukiwa unakatizwa mara kwa mara na miamba ya chini ya maji. Eneo hili limeelezwa&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Is rafting on the Zambezi River below The Victoria Falls Dangerous?|url=https://safpar.com/is-rafting-on-the-zambezi-river-below-the-victoria-falls-dangerous/|work=Safpar|date=2022-05-16|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en-US|author=Sean Edington}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuwa moja ya maeneo ya kusisimua zaidi duniani kwa safari za boti kwenye maji yanayovurugika, likiwa ni changamoto kubwa sana kwa waendesha mitumbwi ya kisasa ya 'kayak' na boti za raba za 'raft'. Ng'ambo ya bonde hilo kuna mfululizo wa maporomoko madogo ya maji yanayoishia kilomita 240 (maili 150) chini ya Maporomoko ya Victoria. Katika umbali huu, mto unashuka kwa mita 250 (futi 820).

Katika hatua hii, mto unaingia katika Ziwa Kariba, lililoundwa mwaka 1959 kufuatia kukamilika kwa Bwawa la Kariba. Ziwa hili ni moja ya maziwa makubwa zaidi yaliyotengenezwa na binadamu duniani, na mitambo ya kuzalisha umeme wa maji  kwenye bwawa hilo inatoa umeme kwa sehemu kubwa ya Zambia na Zimbabwe.

Mito ya Luangwa na Kafue ndiyo matawi mawili makubwa zaidi ya mkono wa kushoto ya Mto Zambezi. Mto Kafue unaungana na mto mkuu katika mkondo wa maji uliotulia na wenye kina kirefu, wenye upana wa takriban mita 180 (futi 590). Kuanzia hapa, kona ya kuelekea kaskazini wa Mto Zambezi unazuiwa, na mkondo unaendelea moja kwa moja kuelekea mashariki. Katika makutano ya Mto Luangwa (15°37'S), mto huo unaingia nchini Msumbiji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea jarida |last=Van Valkenburgh |first=Blaire |last2=White |first2=Paula A. |date=2021-04-20 |title=Naturally-occurring tooth wear, tooth fracture, and cranial injuries in large carnivores from Zambia |url=https://peerj.com/articles/11313/ |journal=PeerJ |language=en |volume=9 |pages=e11313 |doi=10.7717/peerj.11313 |issn=2167-8359 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251119031445/https://peerj.com/articles/11313/ |archive-date=2025-11-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Upande wa kati wa Mto Zambezi unaishia pale mto unapoingia katika Ziwa Cahora Bassa, ambalo hapo awali lilikuwa eneo lenye maporomoko hatari ya maji yaliyojulikana kama Kebrabassa; ziwa hili liliundwa mwaka 1974 kufuatia ujenzi wa Bwawa la Cahora Bassa.

=== Zambezi ya Chini ===
Urefu wa kilomita 650 (maili 400) wa upande wa chini wa Mto Zambezi kutoka Cahora Bassa hadi Bahari ya Hindi unapitika kwa vyombo vya majini, ingawa mto huo una kina kifupi katika maeneo mengi wakati wa kiangazi. Hali hii ya kuwa na kina kifupi inatokana na mto huo kuingia kwenye bonde pana na kuenea katika eneo kubwa. Ni katika sehemu moja tu, kwenye Bonde la Lupata, umbali wa kilomita 320 (maili 200) kutoka kinywa chake, ambapo mto huo umebanwa katikati ya vilima virefu. Hapa, una upana wa karibu mita 200 (futi 660) tu. Katika maeneo mengine, una upana wa kilomita 5 hadi 8 (maili 3 hadi 5), ukitiririka taratibu kupitia mikondo mingi. Kingo za mto huo ni ya mchanga, na kingo zake ni za chini na zimezungukwa na matete. Hata hivyo, katika baadhi ya maeneo, na hasa wakati wa majira ya masika, mikondo hiyo huungana na kuwa mto mmoja mpana unaotiririka kwa kasi kubwa.

Takriban kilomita 160 (maili 99) kutoka baharini, Mto Zambezi unapokea maji yanayotoka Ziwa Malawi kupitia Mto Shire. Unapokaribia Bahari ya Hindi, mto huo unajigawa na kutengeneza delta. Kila moja ya mifereji mikuu ya mto inayojigawa—Kongone, Luabo, na Timbwe—imezuiliwa na ukingo wa mchanga. Tawi lililopo upande wa kaskazini zaidi, linaloitwa kinywa cha Chinde, lina kina cha chini kabisa wakati wa maji kupwa cha mita 2 (futi 6 na inchi 7) kwenye lango la kuingilia na mita 4 (futi 13) ukienda ndani zaidi, na hili ndilo tawi linalotumiwa kwa usafiri wa vyombo vya majini. Takriban kilomita 100 (maili 62) mbele zaidi kuelekea kaskazini kuna mto unaoitwa Quelimane, ukipewa jina la mji uliopo kwenye kinywa chake. Mkondo huu wa maji, ambao unajaa tabaka la mchanga na matope, unapokea maji ya ziada yanayofurika kutoka Zambezi wakati wa majira ya masika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Zambezi - Encyclopedia|url=https://theodora.com/encyclopedia/z/zambezi.html|work=theodora.com|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Delta ==
Delta ya Zambezi leo hii ina upana wa takriban nusu ya ule uliokuwepo kabla ya ujenzi wa mabwawa ya Kariba na Cahora Bassa kudhibiti mabadiliko ya msimu ya kasi ya utiririkaji wa mto huo. Kabla ya mabwawa hayo kujengwa, mafuriko ya msimu ya Zambezi yalikuwa na athari tofauti kabisa kwenye mifumo ya ikolojia ya delta ikilinganishwa na leo, kwani yalileta maji baridi yenye virutubisho vingi kuelekea kwenye ardhi oevu ya pwani ya Bahari ya Hindi. Upande wa chini wa Zambezi ulikuwa ukipata ongezeko dogo la ghafla la maji ya mafuriko mwanzoni mwa majira ya kiangazi wakati mvua katika eneo la bonde la Gwembe  na kaskazini-mashariki mwa Zimbabwe ilipotiririka kwa kasi, wakati mvua kutoka upande wa juu wa Zambezi, Kafue, na mabonde ya Ziwa Malawi, pamoja na Luangwa kwa kiasi kidogo, zikiwa bado zimezuiliwa na mabwawa pamoja na nyanda za mafuriko.

Kutiririka kwa mifumo hii huchangia katika mafuriko makubwa zaidi mnamo mwezi Machi au Aprili, kukiwa na wastani wa kiwango cha juu cha mwezi kwa Aprili wa mita za ujazo 6,700 (futi za ujazo 240,000) kwa sekunde katika eneo la delta. Rekodi ya mafuriko makubwa zaidi ilikuwa kubwa zaidi ya mara tatu ya kiwango hicho, ambapo mita za ujazo 22,500 (futi za ujazo 790,000) kwa sekunde zilirekodiwa mnamo mwaka 1958. Kinyume chake, kiasi cha maji yaliyotiririka mwishoni mwa majira ya kiangazi kilikuwa na wastani wa mita za ujazo 500 (futi za ujazo 18,000) pekee kwa sekunde.

Katika miaka ya 1960 na 1970, ujenzi wa mabwawa ulibadilisha kabisa mfumo huo. Upande wa chini wa mto, wastani wa kiwango cha chini hadi cha juu cha mwezi ulikuwa mita za ujazo 500 hadi 6,000 (futi za ujazo 18,000 hadi 212,000) kwa sekunde; sasa hivi ni mita za ujazo 1,000 hadi 3,900 (futi za ujazo 35,000 hadi 138,000) kwa sekunde. Hasa mafuriko ya kiwango cha kati, ya aina ile ambayo ikolojia ya upande wa chini wa Zambezi ilikuwa imeafikiana nayo, yanatokea kwa uchache zaidi na yanachukua muda mfupi zaidi. Kama ilivyo kwa athari mbaya za Bwawa la Itezhi-Tezhi kwenye Nyanda za Kafue, jambo hili lina athari hizi zifuatazo:

* Mifumo ya ulishaji na uzalishaji wa samaki, ndege, na wanyamapori wengine ilivurugika.
* Zinabaki nyanda za nyasi chache zaidi baada ya mafuriko kwa ajili ya malisho ya wanyamapori na ng'ombe.
* Mifumo ya jadi ya kilimo na uvuvi ilivurugika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=eiR_RLPB6GAC&amp;q=traditional+farming+and+fishing+patterns+disrupted&amp;pg=PA41&amp;redir_esc=y#v=snippet&amp;q=traditional%20farming%20and%20fishing%20patterns%20disrupted&amp;f=false|title=Revise AS Level Geography for Edexcel Specification B|last=Knifton|first=Dulcie|date=2004-07|publisher=Heinemann|isbn=978-0-435-10154-1|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ekolojia ==
[[Faili:Zambezi River Delta.jpg|thumb|Mwonekano wenye maelezo wa Delta ya Mto Zambezi kutoka angani]]
Mifumo ya ja Delta ya Zambezi ina maeneo makubwa ya nyanda za nyasi zinazofurika kwa msimu na zile zinazofurika kudumu, savana, na misitu ya mabwawa. Pamoja na nyanda za mafuriko za Mito ya Buzi, Pungwe, na Save, nyanda hizi za mafuriko za Zambezi zinaunda eneo la ikolojia la savana ya pwani inayofurika ya Zambezi nchini Msumbiji, chini ya Mfuko wa Wanyamapori Duniani (WWF). Savana hizo zinazofurika zipo karibu na pwani ya Bahari ya Hindi. Misitu ya mikoko inazunguka pembezoni mwa ukanda wa pwani wa delta hiyo.
[[Faili:Zambezi Barotse floodplain.jpg|thumb|Picha ya NASA ya rangi zisizo halisi ikionyesha upande wa juu wa Zambezi na nyanda za mafuriko za Barotse (Balozi) wakati wa mafuriko makubwa kupita kiasi mnamo mwaka 2003]]
Ingawa mabwawa hayo yamedhibiti kiasi fulani cha mafuriko ya kila mwaka ya upande wa chini wa Mto Zambezi na kusababisha eneo la nyanda za mafuriko kupungua sana, hayajaondoa mafuriko kabisa. Hayawezi kudhibiti mafuriko makubwa kupita kiasi, na yamefanya tu mafuriko ya kiwango cha kati kutokea kwa uchache zaidi. Mvua kubwa katika upande wa chini wa Zambezi inapoungana na mtiririko mkubwa wa maji kutoka juu ya mto, mafuriko makubwa bado hutokea, na ardhi oevu bado inabaki kuwa makazi muhimu ya viumbe. Hata hivyo, kupungua kwa ardhi hiyo oevu kulisababisha ujangili na uwindaji usiodhibitiwa wa wanyama kama vile nyati na kulungu wakati wa Vita vya wenyewe vya Msumbiji.

Ingawa eneo hili limepungua idadi ya mamalia wakubwa, bado ni makazi ya baadhi yao, wakiwemo kulungu na pofu wanaohama. Wanyama wanaokula nyama wanaopatikana hapa ni pamoja na simba (''Panthera leo''), chui (''Panthera pardus''), duma (''Acinonyx jubatus''), fisi madoa (''Crocuta crocuta''), na bweha-milia (''Canis adustus''). Nyanda hizi za mafuriko ni maficho salama kwa ajili ya ndege wa majini wanaohama, wakiwemo bata-buzi mkia-mshale (pintails), bata-buzi mabawa-buluu (garganey), korongo dondola (''Anastomus lamelligerus''), korongo mdomo-wazi (''Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis''), korongo-nyani (''Bugeranus carunculatus''), na mtondo mweupe (''Pelecanus onocrotalus'').&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Zambezian coastal flooded savanna {{!}} Ecoregions {{!}} WWF|url=https://ecoregions.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0906/|work=ecoregions.worldwildlife.org|accessdate=2026-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wanyama watambaao ni pamoja na mamba wa Nile (''Crocodylus niloticus''), kenge wa Nile (''Varanus niloticus''), chatu wa Afrika (''Python sebae''), nyoka-nyoo wa Pungwe (''Leptotyphlops pungwensis'') ambaye anapatikana katika eneo hilo tu, na aina nyingine tatu za nyoka ambao wanakaribia kupatikana katika eneo hilo pekee: nyoka wa majini wa nyanda za mafuriko (''Lycodonomorphus whytei obscuriventris''), nyoka-mbwa kibete (''Lycophidion nanus''), na kipile wa marika/mabwawa (''Proatheris'').&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Aina kadhaa za vipepeo zinapatikana katika eneo hilo tu.
[[Faili:Zambezi delta.jpg|thumb|Delta ya Zambezi]]
[[Faili:ISS009-E-7622- Zambezi river near Mongu.jpg|thumb|Mto na nyanda zake za mafuriko karibu na Mongu nchini Zambia]]
[[Faili:Zambezi Flood Plain, Namibia (EO-1).jpg|thumb|Picha hii yenye maelezo ya kina ya rangi halisi inaonyesha ukingo wa mashariki wa wazi kabisa wa nyanda za mafuriko za Zambezi.]]

== Hali ya hewa ==
Upande wa kaskazini wa bonde la Zambezi una wastani wa mvua wa milimita 1100 hadi 1400 kwa mwaka, kiwango ambacho hupungua kuelekea kusini na kufikia takriban nusu ya idadi hiyo upande wa kusini-magharibi. Mvua hiyo hunyesha katika msimu wa mvua wa kiangazi unaodumu kwa miezi 4 hadi 6, wakati Ukanda wa Mkutaniko wa Hali ya Hewa wa Kitropiki unaposogea juu ya bonde hilo kutokea kaskazini kati ya Oktoba na Machi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Canoeing on the Zambezi River|url=https://www.thetravelvibes.com/canoeing-on-the-zambezi-river/|work=The Travel Vibes|date=2024-03-03|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en-US|author=Jessica}}&lt;/ref&gt; Viwango vya uvukizaji wa maji viko juu (milimita 1600 hadi 2300), na maji mengi hupotea kwa njia hii katika mabwawa na nyanda za mafuriko, hasa upande wa kusini-magharibi wa bonde hilo.&lt;ref&gt;https://gorongosa.org/research/research_documents/Patterns_Hydrological_Change_Zambezi_Delta.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

== Historia ya Jiolojia ==
[[Faili:Victoria Falls National Park marker.jpg|thumb|Alama ya Hifadhi ya Kitaifa ya Victoria Falls]]
Hadi kufikia mwishoni mwa kipindi cha Pliocene au Pleistocene (zaidi ya miaka milioni mbili iliyopita), upande wa juu wa Mto Zambezi ulitiririka kuelekea kusini kupitia eneo ambalo sasa hivi ni Bonde la Makgadikgadi hadi kwenye [[Limpopo (mto)|Mto Limpopo]]. Mabadiliko hayo ya mkondo wa mto ni matokeo ya misongezo ya kijiolojia ya kusaidiana kimaumbile ambayo iliinua uso wa ardhi kwenye eneo ambalo leo hii ni mgawanyaji wa maji kati ya mito hiyo miwili.

Wakati huo huo, umbali wa kilomita 1,000 (maili 620) kuelekea mashariki, kijito cha magharibi cha Mto Shire—katika upanuzi wa kusini wa [[Bonde la Ufa]] la Afrika Mashariki linalopita nchini [[Malawi]]—lilisababisha mmomonyoko uliotengeneza bonde lenye kina kirefu kwenye ukingo wake wa magharibi. Kwa kasi ya polepole, upande wa kati wa Mto Zambezi ulianza kumomonyoa na kurudisha nyuma sakafu ya mto wake kuelekea magharibi, ukisaidiwa na grabeni (mabonde ya ufa) zilizokuwa zikitengenezwa kwenye mkondo wake katika mhimili wa mashariki-magharibi. Ulivyofanya hivyo, uliichepua na kuimiliki mito kadhaa inayotiririka kuelekea kusini kama vile Luangwa na Kafue.
[[Faili:Zambezi Flood Plain, Namibia (MODIS).jpg|thumb|Maji yanaonekana kwa rangi nyeusi katika picha hii ya rangi zisizo halisi ya nyanda za mafuriko za Zambezi.]]
Hatimaye, ziwa kubwa lililokuwa limezuiliwa huko Makgadikgadi (au kijito chake) liliwahiwa na kuchepushwa na upande wa kati wa Mto Zambezi uliokuwa ukimomonyoka kurudi nyuma kuelekea lilipo, na hivyo likamwaga maji yake kuelekea mashariki. Upande wa juu wa Mto Zambezi nao ulichepushwa pia.   Upande wa kati wa Mto Zambezi ulikuwa chini kwa takriban mita 300 (futi 980) ikilinganishwa na upande wa juu wa mto huo, na hivyo maporomoko makubwa ya maji yakatengenezeka kwenye ukingo wa uwanda wa juu wa miamba ya volkano ambapo mto wa juu unatiririkia. Haya ndiyo yalikuwa Maporomoko ya kwanza ya Victoria, mahali fulani chini ya Bonde la Batoka karibu na eneo ambalo sasa hivi lipo Ziwa Kariba.

== Historia ==

=== Uvumbuzi ===
Ukanda wa Zambezi ulijulikana na wanajiografia wa zamani za kati kama Dola ya Monomotapa, na mkondo wa mto huo, pamoja na nafasi yalipo maziwa Ngami na Nyasa, vilichorwa kwa usahihi kwa ujumla katika ramani za mapema. Huenda ramani hizi zilitengenezwa kutokana na taarifa zilizotolewa na Waarabu.

Mzungu wa kwanza kutembelea sehemu za ndani za Mto Zambezi alikuwa ''degredado'' (msitiriwa/mfungwa wa kigeni) wa Kireno, António Fernandes, mnamo mwaka 1511 na tena mwaka 1513, akiwa na lengo la kutoa taarifa kuhusu hali na shughuli za kibiashara za maeneo ya ndani ya Afrika ya Kati. Taarifa ya mwisho ya uvumbuzi huo ilionyesha umuhimu wa bandari za upande wa juu wa Zambezi katika mfumo wa biashara wa wenyeji, hususan katika biashara ya dhahabu ya Afrika Mashariki.

Uvumbuzi wa kwanza kurekodiwa wa upande wa juu wa Mto Zambezi ulifanywa na [[David Livingstone]] katika safari yake ya uvumbuzi kutokea Bechuanaland kati ya mwaka 1851 na 1853. Miaka miwili au mitatu baadaye, alishuka kufuata mkondo wa Mto Zambezi hadi mdomoni mwake na katika safari hiyo aligundua Maporomoko ya Victoria. Katika kipindi cha mwaka 1858–1860, akiwa ameambatana na John Kirk, Livingstone alipanda mto huo kupitia mdomo wa Kongone hadi kufikia kwenye maporomoko hayo, na pia alifuatilia mkondo wa tawimto lake la Shire na kufika Ziwa Malawi.
[[Faili:Satellite view of Victoria Falls.jpg|thumb|Picha ya satelaiti inayoonyesha Maporomoko ya Victoria na mfululizo wa mabonde yenye miteremko mikali ya kupishana.]]
Kwa miaka 35 iliyofuata, uvumbuzi mdogo sana ulifanyika kwenye mto huo. Mvumbuzi wa Kireno, Serpa Pinto, alichunguza baadhi ya mabonde ya magharibi ya mto huo na kufanya vipimo vya Maporomoko ya Victoria mnamo mwaka 1878. Mnamo mwaka 1884, mmishonari mzaliwa wa [[Uskoti|Scotland]] wa dhehebu la Plymouth Brethren, Frederick Stanley Arnot, alisafiri kupitia eneo lililoinuka la ardhi kati ya vyanzo vya maji (watersheds) vya mito ya Zambezi na Kongo na kugundua chanzo cha Mto Zambezi. Aliona kuwa Kilima cha Kalene kilichopo karibu—ambacho kiko juu na kina hali ya hewa ya baridi—kilikuwa eneo linalofaa hasa kwa ajili ya kituo cha umishonari. Arnot aliambatana na mfanyabiashara na afisa wa jeshi wa Kireno, António da Silva Porto.

Mnamo mwaka 1889, mfereji wa Chinde uliopo upande wa kaskazini wa midomo mikuu ya mto huo uligundulika. Misafara miwili ya uvumbuzi iliyoongozwa na Meja A. St Hill Gibbons kuanzia mwaka 1895 hadi 1896 na kuanzia 1898 hadi 1900 iliendeleza kazi ya uvumbuzi iliyoanzishwa na Livingstone katika bonde la juu na mkondo wa kati wa mto huo.

== Matawimto ==
[[Tawimto|Matawimto]] muhimu zaidi ni [[Cuando]], [[Kafue (mto)|Kafue]], [[Luangwa (mto)|Luangwa]] na [[Shire (mto)|Shire]].

== Miji muhimu mtoni ==
* [[Mongu]]
* [[Lukulu]]
* [[Katima Mulilo]] (Namibia), [[Sesheke]] (Zambia)
* [[Livingstone (Zambia)]], [[Victoria Falls (mji)]] (Zimbabwe)
* [[Kariba, Zimbabwe|Kariba]]
* [[Songo, Msumbiji|Songo]]
* [[Tete]]

== Wanyamapori ==
[[Faili:Zambezi – Elephants crossing the river- 1 ca 12.11.2009.jpg|thumb|Tembo wakivuka mto]]
Mto huo unahimili idadi kubwa ya wanyama wengi. Viboko wanapatikana kwa wingi katika maeneo mengi yenye mtiririko mtulivu wa mto huo, pamoja na mamba wa Nile. Kenge wanapatikana katika maeneo mengi. Ndege pia wako kwa wingi, kukiwa na aina za ndege kama vile kozi, mtondo/mwari, kulastara, nembe, na tai-fisi wanaopatikana kwa idadi kubwa. Misitu ya kando ya mto pia inahimili wanyama wengi wakubwa, kama vile nyati, pundamilia, twiga, na tembo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Zambezi River {{!}} Physical Features {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Zambezi-River?utm_source=chatgpt.com|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2026-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Faili:Hippopotamus in the Zambezi.jpg|thumb|Kiboko katika Mto Zambezi]]
Mto Zambezi pia unahimili mamia ya aina za samaki, ambapo baadhi yao wanapatikana katika mto huo tu. Aina muhimu ni pamoja na rasi/perege, ambao huvuliwa kwa wingi sana kwa ajili ya chakula, pamoja na kambale, kacha, mninga, na aina nyingine kubwa za samaki. Papa-fahali wakati mwingine hujulikana kama 'papa wa Zambezi' kwa jina la mto huo, asichanganywe na jamii ya papa wa maji baridi wa ''Glyphis'' ambao pia wanaishi katika mto huo.

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito mirefu ya Afrika]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya Angola]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya Botswana]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya Msumbiji]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya Namibia]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya Zambia]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya Zimbabwe]]

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Viungo vya nje ==
* [http://www.waterandnature.org/eatlas/html/af27.html Watersheds of Africa: A20 Zambezi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.waterandnature.org/eatlas/html/af27.html |date=20070312073055 }}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Mto Zambezi| ]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Zambia]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Botswana]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Angola]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Msumbiji]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Zimbabwe]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Namibia]]
[[Jamii:Bahari ya Hindi]]
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]</text>
      <sha1>993jr22pcz0z88axr3qowrw3je9o1pl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gambia (mto)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3144</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576502</id>
      <parentid>1576276</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:55:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576502</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9757" sha1="go075hksq5lks8kgv5n2teaubwavhw3" xml:space="preserve">{{Mto | jina = Mto Gambia
  | picha =  Gambia satellite fires.jpeg
  | maelezo_ya_picha =  Mto Gambia kutoka angani - mstari mweusi ni mipaka ya nchi ya Gambia.
  | chanzo =  Nyanda za juu za [[Futa Djalon]], [[Guinea]]
  | mdomo = 
  | nchi =  [[Guinea]], [[Senegal]] &amp; [[Gambia]]
  | urefu =  1,120 km
  | kimo = 900 m  takriban
  | mkondo =  hadi 2000 m³/s kutegemeana na majira na kiasi cha mvua njiani
  | eneo =  69,931 hadi 87,850 km²  ''(maelezo hutofautiana)''
| mdomo               =  [[Atlantiki]] kwa mji wa [[Banjul]]
| tawimito            =  
| tawimito kulia      =  
| tawimito kushoto    =  
| watu                = 
| miji                =  
}}
 
[[Picha:River gambia Niokolokoba National Park.gif|thumbnail|300px|left|Mto Gambia ukipitia mbuga wa Niokolo-Koba nchini Senegal]]
'''Gambia''' ni mto unaoanza katika [[milima]] ya [[Futa Djalon]] huko [[Guinea]]. Unafuata njia ya kunyoka hadi [[Atlantiki]]. [[Mdomo]] wake ni pana sana.

Baada ya kutoka katika Futa Djallon mto unaelekea kaskazini-magharibi kupitia mkoa wa [[Tambakunda]] katika [[Senegal]] halafu mbuga wa wanyama wa Niokolo Koba. Hapa inapokea tawimiti ya [[Nieri Ko]] and [[Kuluntu]] na kuingia katika nchi ya [[Gambia]] karibu na mji wa [[Fatoto]]. Kuanzia hapa mto unaelekea magharibi tu isipokuwa kwa njia ya kunyokanyoka. Takriban km 100 kabla ya kufika mdomo unaanza kupanuka ukiwa na upana wa km 10 mdomoni penyewe. 

Mto una [[visiwa]] mbalimbali ndani yake, vikubwa zaidi ni kisiwa cha Tembo na kisiwa cha MacCarthy. Kisiwa cha James Island mdomoni kabisa kilikuwa kituo muhimu cha [[biashara ya watumwa]] na kimeandikishwa katika orodha ya [[UNESCO]] ya [[Urithi wa Dunia]].

== Jiografia ==
[[Faili:Gambiarivermap.png|thumb|Ramani inayonyesha bonde la uondoaji maji la Mto Gambia.]]
Mto Gambia una urefu wa jumla ya kilomita 1,120 (maili 700). Kutokea eneo la Fouta Djallon, unatiririka kuelekea kaskazini-magharibi kuingia katika Mkoa wa Tambacounda nchini [[Senegal]], ambapo unapita katika Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Niokolo Koba, kisha unaungana na mito ya Nieri Ko na Koulountou, na kupita katika Maporomoko ya Barrakunda kabla ya kuingia nchini [[Gambia]] katika eneo la Koina. Kuanzia hapa, mto huo unatiririka kwa ujumla kuelekea magharibi, lakini katika mkondo unaopinda-pinda ukifanya mafuriko ya pinde, na takriban kilomita 100 (maili 62) kabla ya kufika mdomoni mwake, unapanuka hatua kwa hatua hadi kufikia upana wa zaidi ya kilomita 10 (maili 6.2) pale unapokutana na bahari.

=== Vivuko ===
Kuna madaraja kadhaa yanayovuka mto huo. Daraja kubwa zaidi na lililopo chini kabisa ya mto (kuelekea mdomoni) ni Daraja la Senegambia linalounganisha miji ya Farafenni na Soma nchini Gambia. Lilizinduliwa mnamo Januari 2019, na linatoa kiungo kati ya maeneo ya Barabara Kuu ya Trans-Gambia yaliyopo katika Ukingo wa Kaskazini na Kusini mwa mto huo. Pia linatoa unganisho la haraka kwa malori ya Senegal yanayosafiri kwenda na kurudi kutoka jimbo lililotengwa la Casamance. Daraja hilo lina urefu wa kilomita 1.9 (maili 1.2) na linachukua nafasi ya kivuko cha magari ambacho hapo awali hakikuwa cha kuaminika. Ushuru unatozwa kwa magari yanayovuka.

Pia kuna madaraja katika Mkoa wa ''Upper River'' nchini Gambia katika miji ya Basse Santa Su na Fatoto yaliyofunguliwa mnamo Oktoba 2021,&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Building the Friendship Bridges towards a Shared Future of China and The Gambia - The Point|url=https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/opinion/commentary-building-the-friendship-bridges-towards-a-shared-future-of-china-and-the-gambia|work=thepoint.gm|accessdate=2026-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; pamoja na daraja lingine nchini Senegal lililopo Gouloumbou.

Vivuko vingine vyote hufanywa kwa kutumia kivuko (pantoni), ikijumuisha kivuko kikuu kati ya Banjul na Barra kwenye mdomo wa mto huo, au kwa kutumia boti ndogo.

=== Mifereji ya asilia ya Maji ===
Vijito kwenye maeneo ya chini ya mto huo kwa kawaida hujulikana kama ''bolongs'' au ''bolons''. Hivi vinajumuisha Sami Bolong, inayotenganisha nusu za kaskazini za Mkoa wa ''Central River'' na Mkoa wa ''Upper River'', Bintang Bolong inayotenganisha Mkoa wa ''Lower Rive''r kutoka Mkoa wa ''West Coast'', pamoja na vijito vidogo zaidi vya maji kama vile Sofancama, Jurunku, Kutang, Nianji, na Sandugu bolongs.

== Historia ==
Wakazi wa mapema zaidi wanaojulikana wa eneo la kando ya Mto Gambia ni pamoja na Wajola, Wabalante, Wabainuk, na Wamanjak. Mgunduzi wa Kikarthaji, Hanno Baharia, huenda alifika Gambia wakati wa msafara wake katika karne ya tano KK (Kabla ya Kristo).

Kulingana na historia ya mapokeo ya mdomo (oral tradition), idadi kubwa ya wahamiaji wa Kimandinka kutoka Mali wakiongozwa na Tiramakhan Traore, mmoja wa majenerali wakuu wa Sundiata, walikuja katika eneo hili katika karne ya 14. Hata hivyo, baadhi ya wanahistoria wa sasa wanahoji kuwa ni wahamiaji wachache kiasi, hasa wafanyabiashara wa ''jula'', ambao badala yake walisababisha mabadiliko ya taratibu ya kijamii na kiutamaduni yaliyofanya watu wajinasibu na kabila la Mandinka lenye hadhi ya juu pamoja na Dola ya Mali iliyokuwa ikitawala. Wajula hawa waliifanya Gambia kuwa sehemu muhimu ya mtandao mpana wa biashara wa Afrika Magharibi, ambapo chumvi, samaki wenye magome, chuma, nguo, pembe za ndovu, nta ya nyuki, dhahabu, watumwa, ngozi na bidhaa nyinginezo zilibadilishana hadi kufikia Mto Niger na maeneo ya mbali zaidi.

Alvise Cadamosto, mgunduzi wa Kivenisi aliyekuwa akifanya kazi kwa ajili ya Wareno, akawa Mzungu wa kwanza kusafiri kwa meli hadi Gambia mnamo mwaka 1455, akiuita mto huo Gambra au Cambra. Vyanzo vingine vya kipindi hicho vinarekodi majina kama vile Guambea, Guabu, na Gambu (pengine ni muunganiko wa makosa, wa wakati huo au katika uandishi wa kihistoria wa baadaye, kati ya jina la mto huo na ufalme wa Kaabu). Wakati wafanyabiashara wa nchi mbalimbali za Ulaya wakifanya biashara kwenye mto Gambia kwa karne mbili baada ya Cadamosto, Usultani/Utemi wa Courland na Semigallia ulikuwa wa kwanza kuanzisha ngome ya kudumu, katika kisiwa walichokiita Kisiwa cha St. Andrew mnamo mwaka 1651. Baada ya kuchukua udhibiti wa kisiwa hicho na kukibadilisha jina kuwa 'St. James' mnamo mwaka 1661, Waingereza walichuana vikali na Wafaransa kuwania utawala wa kibiashara wa mto huo kwa karne moja na nusu iliyofuata.

Katika kipindi hiki, falme zilizokuwa kando ya mto Gambia zilijumuisha Niumi (pia ikijulikana kama Barra), Niani, Kantora, Jimara, Kiang, Badibu, Fuladu, Tumana, na Wuli, ambazo zote zimebebesha majina yao kwenye wilaya za Gambia hivi leo. Vituo vikuu vya biashara vilivyopo kwenye mto huo au karibu nao vilijumuisha Barra, Albreda, Juffure, Kisiwa cha James (sasa ni Eneo la Urithi wa Dunia la [[UNESCO]]), Tendaba, Joar, Kisiwa cha MacCarthy, Fattatenda, na Sutukoba.

Karibu na mwanzoni mwa karne ya 18, mgunduzi wa Kiskoti Mungo Park alisafiri kuelekea juu ya mto Gambia mara mbili akiwa njiani kuelekea [[Niger (mto)|Mto Niger]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea jarida |last=Washington |first=Capt. |date=1838 |title=Some Account of Mohammedu-Siseï, a Mandingo, of Nyáni-Marú on the Gambia |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1797825 |journal=The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London |volume=8 |pages=448–454 |doi=10.2307/1797825 |issn=0266-6235}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mkataba wa Waingereza na Wafaransa wa mwaka 1889 uliweka mipaka ya Eneo la Ulinzi la Gambia  na koloni la Senegal kuwa kilomita kumi kaskazini na kusini mwa mto huo kuelekea ndani kabisa ya nchi hadi kufika Yarbutenda (karibu na eneo la sasa la Koina), kukiwa na kipenyo cha duara cha kilomita 10 kuashiria mpaka wa mashariki ikipimwa kutokea katikati ya mji. Kwa hiyo, Waingereza walidhibiti mto huo kwa umbali wote ambao meli za baharini zingeweza kupita. Ingawa mipaka hiyo ilionekana sana kama ya muda mfupi wakati huo, ile iliyowekwa mnamo 1889 imebaki bila kubadilika tangu wakati huo.

== Flora and fauna ==
Wanyama wa majini (fauna) katika bonde la Mto Gambia wanashabihiana kwa karibu sana na wale wa bondei la Mto Senegal, na mabonde haya mawili kwa kawaida huunganishwa chini ya ikolojia moja inayojulikana kama Matunzio ya Maji ya Senegal-Gambia. Ingawa utajiri wa aina mbalimbali za viumbe ni mkubwa kiasi, ni aina tatu tu za vyura na aina moja tu ya samaki ambao wanapatikana katika ikolojia hii pekee.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Freshwater Ecoregions Of the World|url=http://www.feow.org/ecoregions/details/senegal_gambia|work=www.feow.org|accessdate=2026-06-23|archive-date=2016-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030202252/http://www.feow.org/ecoregions/details/senegal_gambia|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ziada (''oysters'') huvunwa kutoka Mto Gambia na wanawake na hutumiwa kutengeneza mchuzi wa ziada, ambao ni chakula cha asili katika mapishi ya Gambia.

== Picha ==
[[Faili:Map of the River Gambra (now the Gambia) 1732.JPG|thumb|Ramani ya Mto Gambra (sasa hivi Gambia) ya mwaka 1732]]
[[Faili:Gambia satellite fires.jpeg|thumb|Sehemu ya magharibi ya Mto Gambia, inavyoonekana kutoka anga za juu. Mstari huo unaonyesha mpaka wa nchi ya Gambia.]]
[[Faili:RiverGambia Janjanbureh 20190122 Upstream.jpg|thumb|Mwonekano wa kuelekea juu ya mto, karibu na Kisiwa cha Janjanbureh]]
[[Faili:RiverGambia Janjanbureh 20190122 Riverbank.jpg|thumb|Ukingo wa mto, karibu na Janjanbureh]]
[[Faili:RiverGambia Janjanbureh 20190122 Ferry.jpg|thumb|Kivuko mtoni, eneo la Janjanbureh]]

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito mirefu ya Afrika]]

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Viungo vya nje ==
* {{en}} [http://www.africanfront.com/water_sheds/water_sheds2/water_sheds3.php The Gambia Basin] {{Wayback|url=http://www.africanfront.com/water_sheds/water_sheds2/water_sheds3.php |date=20060510044555 }}
[[Jamii:Mito ya Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Guinea]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Gambia]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Senegal]]
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]</text>
      <sha1>go075hksq5lks8kgv5n2teaubwavhw3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576503</id>
      <parentid>1576502</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:56:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576503</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9743" sha1="40xzxy8iyfhqxe8la3jglufkcp1m99r" xml:space="preserve">{{Mto | jina = Mto Gambia
  | picha =  Gambia satellite fires.jpeg
  | maelezo_ya_picha =  Mto Gambia kutoka angani - mstari mweusi ni mipaka ya nchi ya Gambia.
  | chanzo =  Nyanda za juu za [[Futa Djalon]], [[Guinea]]
  | mdomo = 
  | nchi =  [[Guinea]], [[Senegal]] &amp; [[Gambia]]
  | urefu =  1,120 km
  | kimo = 900 m  takriban
  | mkondo =  hadi 2000 m³/s kutegemeana na majira na kiasi cha mvua njiani
  | eneo =  69,931 hadi 87,850 km²  ''(maelezo hutofautiana)''
| mdomo               =  [[Atlantiki]] kwa mji wa [[Banjul]]
| tawimito            =  
| tawimito kulia      =  
| tawimito kushoto    =  
| watu                = 
| miji                =  
}}
 
[[Picha:River gambia Niokolokoba National Park.gif|thumbnail|300px|left|Mto Gambia ukipitia mbuga wa Niokolo-Koba nchini Senegal]]
'''Gambia''' ni mto unaoanza katika [[milima]] ya [[Futa Djalon]] huko [[Guinea]]. Unafuata njia ya kunyoka hadi [[Atlantiki]]. [[Mdomo]] wake ni pana sana.

Baada ya kutoka katika Futa Djallon mto unaelekea kaskazini-magharibi kupitia mkoa wa [[Tambakunda]] katika [[Senegal]] halafu mbuga wa wanyama wa Niokolo Koba. Hapa inapokea tawimiti ya [[Nieri Ko]] and [[Kuluntu]] na kuingia katika nchi ya [[Gambia]] karibu na mji wa [[Fatoto]]. Kuanzia hapa mto unaelekea magharibi tu isipokuwa kwa njia ya kunyokanyoka. Takriban km 100 kabla ya kufika mdomo unaanza kupanuka ukiwa na upana wa km 10 mdomoni penyewe. 

Mto una [[visiwa]] mbalimbali ndani yake, vikubwa zaidi ni kisiwa cha Tembo na kisiwa cha MacCarthy. Kisiwa cha James Island mdomoni kabisa kilikuwa kituo muhimu cha [[biashara ya watumwa]] na kimeandikishwa katika orodha ya [[UNESCO]] ya [[Urithi wa Dunia]].

== Jiografia ==
[[Faili:Gambiarivermap.png|thumb|Ramani inayonyesha bonde la uondoaji maji la Mto Gambia.]]
Mto Gambia una urefu wa jumla ya kilomita 1,120 (maili 700). Kutokea eneo la Fouta Djallon, unatiririka kuelekea kaskazini-magharibi kuingia katika Mkoa wa Tambacounda nchini [[Senegal]], ambapo unapita katika Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Niokolo Koba, kisha unaungana na mito ya Nieri Ko na Koulountou, na kupita katika Maporomoko ya Barrakunda kabla ya kuingia nchini [[Gambia]] katika eneo la Koina. Kuanzia hapa, mto huo unatiririka kwa ujumla kuelekea magharibi, lakini katika mkondo unaopinda-pinda ukifanya mafuriko ya pinde, na takriban kilomita 100 (maili 62) kabla ya kufika mdomoni mwake, unapanuka hatua kwa hatua hadi kufikia upana wa zaidi ya kilomita 10 (maili 6.2) pale unapokutana na bahari.
[[Faili:Map of the River Gambra (now the Gambia) 1732.JPG|thumb|Ramani ya Mto Gambra (sasa hivi Gambia) ya mwaka 1732]]
[[Faili:Gambia satellite fires.jpeg|thumb|Sehemu ya magharibi ya Mto Gambia, inavyoonekana kutoka anga za juu. Mstari huo unaonyesha mpaka wa nchi ya Gambia.]]
[[Faili:RiverGambia Janjanbureh 20190122 Upstream.jpg|thumb|Mwonekano wa kuelekea juu ya mto, karibu na Kisiwa cha Janjanbureh]]
[[Faili:RiverGambia Janjanbureh 20190122 Riverbank.jpg|thumb|Ukingo wa mto, karibu na Janjanbureh]]
[[Faili:RiverGambia Janjanbureh 20190122 Ferry.jpg|thumb|Kivuko mtoni, eneo la Janjanbureh]]
=== Vivuko ===
Kuna madaraja kadhaa yanayovuka mto huo. Daraja kubwa zaidi na lililopo chini kabisa ya mto (kuelekea mdomoni) ni Daraja la Senegambia linalounganisha miji ya Farafenni na Soma nchini Gambia. Lilizinduliwa mnamo Januari 2019, na linatoa kiungo kati ya maeneo ya Barabara Kuu ya Trans-Gambia yaliyopo katika Ukingo wa Kaskazini na Kusini mwa mto huo. Pia linatoa unganisho la haraka kwa malori ya Senegal yanayosafiri kwenda na kurudi kutoka jimbo lililotengwa la Casamance. Daraja hilo lina urefu wa kilomita 1.9 (maili 1.2) na linachukua nafasi ya kivuko cha magari ambacho hapo awali hakikuwa cha kuaminika. Ushuru unatozwa kwa magari yanayovuka.

Pia kuna madaraja katika Mkoa wa ''Upper River'' nchini Gambia katika miji ya Basse Santa Su na Fatoto yaliyofunguliwa mnamo Oktoba 2021,&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Building the Friendship Bridges towards a Shared Future of China and The Gambia - The Point|url=https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/opinion/commentary-building-the-friendship-bridges-towards-a-shared-future-of-china-and-the-gambia|work=thepoint.gm|accessdate=2026-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; pamoja na daraja lingine nchini Senegal lililopo Gouloumbou.

Vivuko vingine vyote hufanywa kwa kutumia kivuko (pantoni), ikijumuisha kivuko kikuu kati ya Banjul na Barra kwenye mdomo wa mto huo, au kwa kutumia boti ndogo.

=== Mifereji ya asilia ya Maji ===
Vijito kwenye maeneo ya chini ya mto huo kwa kawaida hujulikana kama ''bolongs'' au ''bolons''. Hivi vinajumuisha Sami Bolong, inayotenganisha nusu za kaskazini za Mkoa wa ''Central River'' na Mkoa wa ''Upper River'', Bintang Bolong inayotenganisha Mkoa wa ''Lower Rive''r kutoka Mkoa wa ''West Coast'', pamoja na vijito vidogo zaidi vya maji kama vile Sofancama, Jurunku, Kutang, Nianji, na Sandugu bolongs.

== Historia ==
Wakazi wa mapema zaidi wanaojulikana wa eneo la kando ya Mto Gambia ni pamoja na Wajola, Wabalante, Wabainuk, na Wamanjak. Mgunduzi wa Kikarthaji, Hanno Baharia, huenda alifika Gambia wakati wa msafara wake katika karne ya tano KK (Kabla ya Kristo).

Kulingana na historia ya mapokeo ya mdomo (oral tradition), idadi kubwa ya wahamiaji wa Kimandinka kutoka Mali wakiongozwa na Tiramakhan Traore, mmoja wa majenerali wakuu wa Sundiata, walikuja katika eneo hili katika karne ya 14. Hata hivyo, baadhi ya wanahistoria wa sasa wanahoji kuwa ni wahamiaji wachache kiasi, hasa wafanyabiashara wa ''jula'', ambao badala yake walisababisha mabadiliko ya taratibu ya kijamii na kiutamaduni yaliyofanya watu wajinasibu na kabila la Mandinka lenye hadhi ya juu pamoja na Dola ya Mali iliyokuwa ikitawala. Wajula hawa waliifanya Gambia kuwa sehemu muhimu ya mtandao mpana wa biashara wa Afrika Magharibi, ambapo chumvi, samaki wenye magome, chuma, nguo, pembe za ndovu, nta ya nyuki, dhahabu, watumwa, ngozi na bidhaa nyinginezo zilibadilishana hadi kufikia Mto Niger na maeneo ya mbali zaidi.

Alvise Cadamosto, mgunduzi wa Kivenisi aliyekuwa akifanya kazi kwa ajili ya Wareno, akawa Mzungu wa kwanza kusafiri kwa meli hadi Gambia mnamo mwaka 1455, akiuita mto huo Gambra au Cambra. Vyanzo vingine vya kipindi hicho vinarekodi majina kama vile Guambea, Guabu, na Gambu (pengine ni muunganiko wa makosa, wa wakati huo au katika uandishi wa kihistoria wa baadaye, kati ya jina la mto huo na ufalme wa Kaabu). Wakati wafanyabiashara wa nchi mbalimbali za Ulaya wakifanya biashara kwenye mto Gambia kwa karne mbili baada ya Cadamosto, Usultani/Utemi wa Courland na Semigallia ulikuwa wa kwanza kuanzisha ngome ya kudumu, katika kisiwa walichokiita Kisiwa cha St. Andrew mnamo mwaka 1651. Baada ya kuchukua udhibiti wa kisiwa hicho na kukibadilisha jina kuwa 'St. James' mnamo mwaka 1661, Waingereza walichuana vikali na Wafaransa kuwania utawala wa kibiashara wa mto huo kwa karne moja na nusu iliyofuata.

Katika kipindi hiki, falme zilizokuwa kando ya mto Gambia zilijumuisha Niumi (pia ikijulikana kama Barra), Niani, Kantora, Jimara, Kiang, Badibu, Fuladu, Tumana, na Wuli, ambazo zote zimebebesha majina yao kwenye wilaya za Gambia hivi leo. Vituo vikuu vya biashara vilivyopo kwenye mto huo au karibu nao vilijumuisha Barra, Albreda, Juffure, Kisiwa cha James (sasa ni Eneo la Urithi wa Dunia la [[UNESCO]]), Tendaba, Joar, Kisiwa cha MacCarthy, Fattatenda, na Sutukoba.

Karibu na mwanzoni mwa karne ya 18, mgunduzi wa Kiskoti Mungo Park alisafiri kuelekea juu ya mto Gambia mara mbili akiwa njiani kuelekea [[Niger (mto)|Mto Niger]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea jarida |last=Washington |first=Capt. |date=1838 |title=Some Account of Mohammedu-Siseï, a Mandingo, of Nyáni-Marú on the Gambia |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1797825 |journal=The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London |volume=8 |pages=448–454 |doi=10.2307/1797825 |issn=0266-6235}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mkataba wa Waingereza na Wafaransa wa mwaka 1889 uliweka mipaka ya Eneo la Ulinzi la Gambia  na koloni la Senegal kuwa kilomita kumi kaskazini na kusini mwa mto huo kuelekea ndani kabisa ya nchi hadi kufika Yarbutenda (karibu na eneo la sasa la Koina), kukiwa na kipenyo cha duara cha kilomita 10 kuashiria mpaka wa mashariki ikipimwa kutokea katikati ya mji. Kwa hiyo, Waingereza walidhibiti mto huo kwa umbali wote ambao meli za baharini zingeweza kupita. Ingawa mipaka hiyo ilionekana sana kama ya muda mfupi wakati huo, ile iliyowekwa mnamo 1889 imebaki bila kubadilika tangu wakati huo.

== Flora and fauna ==
Wanyama wa majini (fauna) katika bonde la Mto Gambia wanashabihiana kwa karibu sana na wale wa bondei la Mto Senegal, na mabonde haya mawili kwa kawaida huunganishwa chini ya ikolojia moja inayojulikana kama Matunzio ya Maji ya Senegal-Gambia. Ingawa utajiri wa aina mbalimbali za viumbe ni mkubwa kiasi, ni aina tatu tu za vyura na aina moja tu ya samaki ambao wanapatikana katika ikolojia hii pekee.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Freshwater Ecoregions Of the World|url=http://www.feow.org/ecoregions/details/senegal_gambia|work=www.feow.org|accessdate=2026-06-23|archive-date=2016-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030202252/http://www.feow.org/ecoregions/details/senegal_gambia|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ziada (''oysters'') huvunwa kutoka Mto Gambia na wanawake na hutumiwa kutengeneza mchuzi wa ziada, ambao ni chakula cha asili katika mapishi ya Gambia.

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito mirefu ya Afrika]]

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Viungo vya nje ==
* {{en}} [http://www.africanfront.com/water_sheds/water_sheds2/water_sheds3.php The Gambia Basin] {{Wayback|url=http://www.africanfront.com/water_sheds/water_sheds2/water_sheds3.php |date=20060510044555 }}
[[Jamii:Mito ya Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Guinea]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Gambia]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Senegal]]
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]</text>
      <sha1>40xzxy8iyfhqxe8la3jglufkcp1m99r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Turkana (ziwa)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3146</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576598</id>
      <parentid>1106007</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T21:35:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>1576598</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17394" sha1="hy5oftuuh7285zso37n7939ob1xklx0" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]]. Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinyavoitwa Kisiwa cha kusini, cha kati na cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>hy5oftuuh7285zso37n7939ob1xklx0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576599</id>
      <parentid>1576598</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T21:38:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Eneo na tabia za ziwa */</comment>
      <origin>1576599</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17419" sha1="kh92aidsgrp818kjkxqekbt7eey1qq4" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]]. Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>kh92aidsgrp818kjkxqekbt7eey1qq4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576600</id>
      <parentid>1576599</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T21:53:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576600</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="18349" sha1="pelgcumf1zzlt5w3nkru87muvbadgty" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]]. Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Jeolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki. Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya. Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>pelgcumf1zzlt5w3nkru87muvbadgty</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576601</id>
      <parentid>1576600</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T21:55:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Geolojia */</comment>
      <origin>1576601</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="18349" sha1="7soj2poxccredmmucx7zrpl2n9e9jci" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]]. Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Geolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki. Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya. Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>7soj2poxccredmmucx7zrpl2n9e9jci</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576602</id>
      <parentid>1576601</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T22:01:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza paragraph</comment>
      <origin>1576602</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21027" sha1="brfmud9rsc22foplyangjspg035oioc" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]]. Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Geolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki. Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya. Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

Miamba ya chini ya ardhi ya eneo hilo imetajwa na maamuzi mawili ya uchambuzi hadi miaka milioni 522 na 510 iliyopita (mya). Hakuna mpasuko uliokuwa ukitokea wakati huo. Ufa unaonyeshwa na shughuli za volkeno kupitia ukoko dhaifu. Shughuli ya zamani zaidi ya volkeno katika eneo hili ilitokea katika Milima ya Nabwal kaskazini-mashariki mwa Turkana na ina tarehe ya 34.8 mya mwishoni mwa Eocene. Vipengele vya kitektoni vinavyoonekana katika eneo hili hutokana na mipasuko mingi ya basalt juu ya bonde la Turkana-Omo kwenye dirisha 4.18–3.99 mya. Hawa wanaitwa Gombe Group Basalts. Wamegawanywa katika Mursi Basalts na Gombi Basalts. Basalts mbili za mwisho zinatambuliwa kama sehemu za nje zinazounda milima ya mawe na maeneo mabaya karibu na ziwa. Katika sehemu ya Omo ya bonde, ya Basalt ya Mursi, Malezi ya Mursi iko upande wa magharibi wa Omo, Nkalabong kwenye Omo, na Usno na Shungura mashariki mwa Omo. Huenda miundo inayojulikana zaidi ni Koobi Fora upande wa mashariki wa Turkana na Nachukui upande wa magharibi. Mabadiliko ya muda mfupi katika usawa wa ziwa pamoja na kumwagika kwa majivu ya volkeno ya mara kwa mara katika eneo hilo yamesababisha kuwekwa kwa tabaka kwa bahati ya ardhi juu ya miamba ya msingi. Upeo huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa usahihi zaidi kwa uchanganuzi wa kemikali wa tuff. Kwa vile eneo hili linaaminika kuwa kiota cha mageuzi cha hominini, tarehe ni muhimu kwa kuzalisha safu ya kidakroniki ya visukuku, hominoid na nonhominoid—yaani, sokwe (pamoja na hominini) na wasio-nyani. Maelfu mengi yamechimbwa. Matuta yanayowakilisha mwambao wa kale yanaonekana katika Bonde la Turkana. Ya juu zaidi ni mita 100 juu ya uso wa ziwa (takriban tu, jinsi kiwango cha ziwa kinavyobadilika-badilika), ambayo ilitokea kama miaka 9500 iliyopita, mwishoni mwa Pleistocene kama sehemu ya kipindi cha unyevu wa Afrika. Inaaminika kwa ujumla kuwa Turkana ilikuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa juu wa Nile wakati huo, ikiunganisha na Ziwa Baringo mwisho wa kusini na White Nile kaskazini, na kwamba marekebisho ya ardhi ya volkeno yalikata uhusiano huo. Dhana kama hiyo inaelezea aina ya Nile katika ziwa, kama vile mamba na sangara wa Nile. Viwango vya juu vya maji pia vilitokea takriban miaka 9000, 6000 na 5000 iliyopita, ambayo kila moja ilifuatiwa na matone katika usawa wa ziwa zaidi ya 40m katika chini ya miaka 200. Inafikiriwa kuwa mabadiliko katika nafasi ya Mpaka wa Anga wa Kongo yaliathiri uwezo wa unyevu kutoka Bahari ya Atlantiki kufikia Afrika mashariki, ambao ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya kiwango cha Ziwa Turkana na vyanzo vya maji vilivyo karibu. Eneo la kiakiolojia la Namoratunga, ambalo liliwekwa tarehe 300 KK, liko karibu na Ziwa Turkana.

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>brfmud9rsc22foplyangjspg035oioc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576603</id>
      <parentid>1576602</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T22:04:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza rejeo</comment>
      <origin>1576603</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21215" sha1="gn8087a3m70zdibawqcvuhqvoltkzxp" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]]. Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Geolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Regions of Kenya .: Kenya Travel Guide - VisitKeny|url=http://www.visitkenya.com/guide/index.php?contID=17&amp;mID=1|work=www.visitkenya.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya. Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

Miamba ya chini ya ardhi ya eneo hilo imetajwa na maamuzi mawili ya uchambuzi hadi miaka milioni 522 na 510 iliyopita (mya). Hakuna mpasuko uliokuwa ukitokea wakati huo. Ufa unaonyeshwa na shughuli za volkeno kupitia ukoko dhaifu. Shughuli ya zamani zaidi ya volkeno katika eneo hili ilitokea katika Milima ya Nabwal kaskazini-mashariki mwa Turkana na ina tarehe ya 34.8 mya mwishoni mwa Eocene. Vipengele vya kitektoni vinavyoonekana katika eneo hili hutokana na mipasuko mingi ya basalt juu ya bonde la Turkana-Omo kwenye dirisha 4.18–3.99 mya. Hawa wanaitwa Gombe Group Basalts. Wamegawanywa katika Mursi Basalts na Gombi Basalts. Basalts mbili za mwisho zinatambuliwa kama sehemu za nje zinazounda milima ya mawe na maeneo mabaya karibu na ziwa. Katika sehemu ya Omo ya bonde, ya Basalt ya Mursi, Malezi ya Mursi iko upande wa magharibi wa Omo, Nkalabong kwenye Omo, na Usno na Shungura mashariki mwa Omo. Huenda miundo inayojulikana zaidi ni Koobi Fora upande wa mashariki wa Turkana na Nachukui upande wa magharibi. Mabadiliko ya muda mfupi katika usawa wa ziwa pamoja na kumwagika kwa majivu ya volkeno ya mara kwa mara katika eneo hilo yamesababisha kuwekwa kwa tabaka kwa bahati ya ardhi juu ya miamba ya msingi. Upeo huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa usahihi zaidi kwa uchanganuzi wa kemikali wa tuff. Kwa vile eneo hili linaaminika kuwa kiota cha mageuzi cha hominini, tarehe ni muhimu kwa kuzalisha safu ya kidakroniki ya visukuku, hominoid na nonhominoid—yaani, sokwe (pamoja na hominini) na wasio-nyani. Maelfu mengi yamechimbwa. Matuta yanayowakilisha mwambao wa kale yanaonekana katika Bonde la Turkana. Ya juu zaidi ni mita 100 juu ya uso wa ziwa (takriban tu, jinsi kiwango cha ziwa kinavyobadilika-badilika), ambayo ilitokea kama miaka 9500 iliyopita, mwishoni mwa Pleistocene kama sehemu ya kipindi cha unyevu wa Afrika. Inaaminika kwa ujumla kuwa Turkana ilikuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa juu wa Nile wakati huo, ikiunganisha na Ziwa Baringo mwisho wa kusini na White Nile kaskazini, na kwamba marekebisho ya ardhi ya volkeno yalikata uhusiano huo. Dhana kama hiyo inaelezea aina ya Nile katika ziwa, kama vile mamba na sangara wa Nile. Viwango vya juu vya maji pia vilitokea takriban miaka 9000, 6000 na 5000 iliyopita, ambayo kila moja ilifuatiwa na matone katika usawa wa ziwa zaidi ya 40m katika chini ya miaka 200. Inafikiriwa kuwa mabadiliko katika nafasi ya Mpaka wa Anga wa Kongo yaliathiri uwezo wa unyevu kutoka Bahari ya Atlantiki kufikia Afrika mashariki, ambao ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya kiwango cha Ziwa Turkana na vyanzo vya maji vilivyo karibu. Eneo la kiakiolojia la Namoratunga, ambalo liliwekwa tarehe 300 KK, liko karibu na Ziwa Turkana.

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>gn8087a3m70zdibawqcvuhqvoltkzxp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576604</id>
      <parentid>1576603</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T22:07:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576604</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21240" sha1="39mqy4u3ct3igkbveb2z9cdkqm6sgno" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]]. Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Geolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Regions of Kenya .: Kenya Travel Guide - VisitKeny|url=http://www.visitkenya.com/guide/index.php?contID=17&amp;mID=1|work=www.visitkenya.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya. Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

Miamba ya chini ya ardhi ya eneo hilo imetajwa na maamuzi mawili ya uchambuzi hadi miaka milioni 522 na 510 iliyopita (mya). Hakuna mpasuko uliokuwa ukitokea wakati huo. Ufa unaonyeshwa na shughuli za volkeno kupitia ukoko dhaifu. Shughuli ya zamani zaidi ya volkeno katika eneo hili ilitokea katika Milima ya Nabwal kaskazini-mashariki mwa Turkana na ina tarehe ya 34.8 mya mwishoni mwa Eocene. Vipengele vya kitektoni vinavyoonekana katika eneo hili hutokana na mipasuko mingi ya basalt juu ya bonde la Turkana-Omo kwenye dirisha 4.18–3.99 mya. Hawa wanaitwa Gombe Group Basalts. Wamegawanywa katika Mursi Basalts na Gombi Basalts. Basalts mbili za mwisho zinatambuliwa kama sehemu za nje zinazounda milima ya mawe na maeneo mabaya karibu na ziwa. Katika sehemu ya Omo ya bonde, ya Basalt ya Mursi, Malezi ya Mursi iko upande wa magharibi wa Omo, Nkalabong kwenye Omo, na Usno na Shungura mashariki mwa Omo. Huenda miundo inayojulikana zaidi ni Koobi Fora upande wa mashariki wa Turkana na Nachukui upande wa magharibi. Mabadiliko ya muda mfupi katika usawa wa ziwa pamoja na kumwagika kwa majivu ya volkeno ya mara kwa mara katika eneo hilo yamesababisha kuwekwa kwa tabaka kwa bahati ya ardhi juu ya miamba ya msingi. Upeo huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa usahihi zaidi kwa uchanganuzi wa kemikali wa tuff. Kwa vile eneo hili linaaminika kuwa kiota cha mageuzi cha hominini, tarehe ni muhimu kwa kuzalisha safu ya kidakroniki ya visukuku, hominoid na nonhominoid—yaani, sokwe (pamoja na hominini) na wasio-nyani. Maelfu mengi yamechimbwa. Matuta yanayowakilisha mwambao wa kale yanaonekana katika Bonde la Turkana. Ya juu zaidi ni mita 100 juu ya uso wa ziwa (takriban tu, jinsi kiwango cha ziwa kinavyobadilika-badilika), ambayo ilitokea kama miaka 9500 iliyopita, mwishoni mwa Pleistocene kama sehemu ya kipindi cha unyevu wa Afrika. Inaaminika kwa ujumla kuwa Turkana ilikuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa juu wa Nile wakati huo, ikiunganisha na Ziwa Baringo mwisho wa kusini na White Nile kaskazini, na kwamba marekebisho ya ardhi ya volkeno yalikata uhusiano huo. Dhana kama hiyo inaelezea aina ya Nile katika ziwa, kama vile mamba na sangara wa Nile. Viwango vya juu vya maji pia vilitokea takriban miaka 9000, 6000 na 5000 iliyopita, ambayo kila moja ilifuatiwa na matone katika usawa wa ziwa zaidi ya 40m katika chini ya miaka 200. Inafikiriwa kuwa mabadiliko katika nafasi ya Mpaka wa Anga wa Kongo yaliathiri uwezo wa unyevu kutoka Bahari ya Atlantiki kufikia Afrika mashariki, ambao ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya kiwango cha Ziwa Turkana na vyanzo vya maji vilivyo karibu. Eneo la kiakiolojia la Namoratunga, ambalo liliwekwa tarehe 300 KK, liko karibu na Ziwa Turkana.

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Marejeo==
{{Marejeo}}

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>39mqy4u3ct3igkbveb2z9cdkqm6sgno</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576605</id>
      <parentid>1576604</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T22:15:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza rejeo</comment>
      <origin>1576605</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21362" sha1="1wfyk85dp9lp5suuii7czwzw4zuvomy" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]].&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20090318063413if_/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/limitsinseas/IBS152.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Geolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Regions of Kenya .: Kenya Travel Guide - VisitKeny|url=http://www.visitkenya.com/guide/index.php?contID=17&amp;mID=1|work=www.visitkenya.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya. Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

Miamba ya chini ya ardhi ya eneo hilo imetajwa na maamuzi mawili ya uchambuzi hadi miaka milioni 522 na 510 iliyopita (mya). Hakuna mpasuko uliokuwa ukitokea wakati huo. Ufa unaonyeshwa na shughuli za volkeno kupitia ukoko dhaifu. Shughuli ya zamani zaidi ya volkeno katika eneo hili ilitokea katika Milima ya Nabwal kaskazini-mashariki mwa Turkana na ina tarehe ya 34.8 mya mwishoni mwa Eocene. Vipengele vya kitektoni vinavyoonekana katika eneo hili hutokana na mipasuko mingi ya basalt juu ya bonde la Turkana-Omo kwenye dirisha 4.18–3.99 mya. Hawa wanaitwa Gombe Group Basalts. Wamegawanywa katika Mursi Basalts na Gombi Basalts. Basalts mbili za mwisho zinatambuliwa kama sehemu za nje zinazounda milima ya mawe na maeneo mabaya karibu na ziwa. Katika sehemu ya Omo ya bonde, ya Basalt ya Mursi, Malezi ya Mursi iko upande wa magharibi wa Omo, Nkalabong kwenye Omo, na Usno na Shungura mashariki mwa Omo. Huenda miundo inayojulikana zaidi ni Koobi Fora upande wa mashariki wa Turkana na Nachukui upande wa magharibi. Mabadiliko ya muda mfupi katika usawa wa ziwa pamoja na kumwagika kwa majivu ya volkeno ya mara kwa mara katika eneo hilo yamesababisha kuwekwa kwa tabaka kwa bahati ya ardhi juu ya miamba ya msingi. Upeo huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa usahihi zaidi kwa uchanganuzi wa kemikali wa tuff. Kwa vile eneo hili linaaminika kuwa kiota cha mageuzi cha hominini, tarehe ni muhimu kwa kuzalisha safu ya kidakroniki ya visukuku, hominoid na nonhominoid—yaani, sokwe (pamoja na hominini) na wasio-nyani. Maelfu mengi yamechimbwa. Matuta yanayowakilisha mwambao wa kale yanaonekana katika Bonde la Turkana. Ya juu zaidi ni mita 100 juu ya uso wa ziwa (takriban tu, jinsi kiwango cha ziwa kinavyobadilika-badilika), ambayo ilitokea kama miaka 9500 iliyopita, mwishoni mwa Pleistocene kama sehemu ya kipindi cha unyevu wa Afrika. Inaaminika kwa ujumla kuwa Turkana ilikuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa juu wa Nile wakati huo, ikiunganisha na Ziwa Baringo mwisho wa kusini na White Nile kaskazini, na kwamba marekebisho ya ardhi ya volkeno yalikata uhusiano huo. Dhana kama hiyo inaelezea aina ya Nile katika ziwa, kama vile mamba na sangara wa Nile. Viwango vya juu vya maji pia vilitokea takriban miaka 9000, 6000 na 5000 iliyopita, ambayo kila moja ilifuatiwa na matone katika usawa wa ziwa zaidi ya 40m katika chini ya miaka 200. Inafikiriwa kuwa mabadiliko katika nafasi ya Mpaka wa Anga wa Kongo yaliathiri uwezo wa unyevu kutoka Bahari ya Atlantiki kufikia Afrika mashariki, ambao ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya kiwango cha Ziwa Turkana na vyanzo vya maji vilivyo karibu. Eneo la kiakiolojia la Namoratunga, ambalo liliwekwa tarehe 300 KK, liko karibu na Ziwa Turkana.

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Marejeo==
{{Marejeo}}

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>1wfyk85dp9lp5suuii7czwzw4zuvomy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576606</id>
      <parentid>1576605</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T22:20:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza rejeo</comment>
      <origin>1576606</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21478" sha1="fhq906zp2tcoj8rzd9ifcpgipzw84q7" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]].&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20090318063413if_/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/limitsinseas/IBS152.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Geolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Regions of Kenya .: Kenya Travel Guide - VisitKeny|url=http://www.visitkenya.com/guide/index.php?contID=17&amp;mID=1|work=www.visitkenya.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya.&lt;ref&gt;https://academic.oup.com/petrology/article-abstract/47/6/1221/1438426?redirectedFrom=fulltext&amp;login=false&lt;/ref&gt; Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

Miamba ya chini ya ardhi ya eneo hilo imetajwa na maamuzi mawili ya uchambuzi hadi miaka milioni 522 na 510 iliyopita (mya). Hakuna mpasuko uliokuwa ukitokea wakati huo. Ufa unaonyeshwa na shughuli za volkeno kupitia ukoko dhaifu. Shughuli ya zamani zaidi ya volkeno katika eneo hili ilitokea katika Milima ya Nabwal kaskazini-mashariki mwa Turkana na ina tarehe ya 34.8 mya mwishoni mwa Eocene. Vipengele vya kitektoni vinavyoonekana katika eneo hili hutokana na mipasuko mingi ya basalt juu ya bonde la Turkana-Omo kwenye dirisha 4.18–3.99 mya. Hawa wanaitwa Gombe Group Basalts. Wamegawanywa katika Mursi Basalts na Gombi Basalts. Basalts mbili za mwisho zinatambuliwa kama sehemu za nje zinazounda milima ya mawe na maeneo mabaya karibu na ziwa. Katika sehemu ya Omo ya bonde, ya Basalt ya Mursi, Malezi ya Mursi iko upande wa magharibi wa Omo, Nkalabong kwenye Omo, na Usno na Shungura mashariki mwa Omo. Huenda miundo inayojulikana zaidi ni Koobi Fora upande wa mashariki wa Turkana na Nachukui upande wa magharibi. Mabadiliko ya muda mfupi katika usawa wa ziwa pamoja na kumwagika kwa majivu ya volkeno ya mara kwa mara katika eneo hilo yamesababisha kuwekwa kwa tabaka kwa bahati ya ardhi juu ya miamba ya msingi. Upeo huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa usahihi zaidi kwa uchanganuzi wa kemikali wa tuff. Kwa vile eneo hili linaaminika kuwa kiota cha mageuzi cha hominini, tarehe ni muhimu kwa kuzalisha safu ya kidakroniki ya visukuku, hominoid na nonhominoid—yaani, sokwe (pamoja na hominini) na wasio-nyani. Maelfu mengi yamechimbwa. Matuta yanayowakilisha mwambao wa kale yanaonekana katika Bonde la Turkana. Ya juu zaidi ni mita 100 juu ya uso wa ziwa (takriban tu, jinsi kiwango cha ziwa kinavyobadilika-badilika), ambayo ilitokea kama miaka 9500 iliyopita, mwishoni mwa Pleistocene kama sehemu ya kipindi cha unyevu wa Afrika. Inaaminika kwa ujumla kuwa Turkana ilikuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa juu wa Nile wakati huo, ikiunganisha na Ziwa Baringo mwisho wa kusini na White Nile kaskazini, na kwamba marekebisho ya ardhi ya volkeno yalikata uhusiano huo. Dhana kama hiyo inaelezea aina ya Nile katika ziwa, kama vile mamba na sangara wa Nile. Viwango vya juu vya maji pia vilitokea takriban miaka 9000, 6000 na 5000 iliyopita, ambayo kila moja ilifuatiwa na matone katika usawa wa ziwa zaidi ya 40m katika chini ya miaka 200. Inafikiriwa kuwa mabadiliko katika nafasi ya Mpaka wa Anga wa Kongo yaliathiri uwezo wa unyevu kutoka Bahari ya Atlantiki kufikia Afrika mashariki, ambao ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya kiwango cha Ziwa Turkana na vyanzo vya maji vilivyo karibu. Eneo la kiakiolojia la Namoratunga, ambalo liliwekwa tarehe 300 KK, liko karibu na Ziwa Turkana.

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Marejeo==
{{Marejeo}}

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>fhq906zp2tcoj8rzd9ifcpgipzw84q7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576607</id>
      <parentid>1576606</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T22:23:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza rejeo</comment>
      <origin>1576607</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="22049" sha1="eshd886ss53otft64q1mtsqk6e0bv02" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]].&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20090318063413if_/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/limitsinseas/IBS152.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Geolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Regions of Kenya .: Kenya Travel Guide - VisitKeny|url=http://www.visitkenya.com/guide/index.php?contID=17&amp;mID=1|work=www.visitkenya.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya.&lt;ref&gt;https://academic.oup.com/petrology/article-abstract/47/6/1221/1438426?redirectedFrom=fulltext&amp;login=false&lt;/ref&gt; Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

[[Mwamba (jiolojia)|Miamba]] ya chini ya ardhi ya eneo hilo imetajwa na maamuzi mawili ya uchambuzi hadi miaka milioni 522 na 510 iliyopita (mya). Hakuna mpasuko uliokuwa ukitokea wakati huo. Ufa unaonyeshwa na shughuli za volkeno kupitia ukoko dhaifu. Shughuli ya zamani zaidi ya volkeno katika eneo hili ilitokea katika Milima ya Nabwal kaskazini-mashariki mwa Turkana na ina tarehe ya 34.8 mya mwishoni mwa Eocene.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McDOUGALL |first=I. a. N. |last2=Watkins |first2=Ronald T. |date=2006-01 |title=Geochronology of the Nabwal Hills: a record of earliest magmatism in the northern Kenyan Rift Valley |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/geological-magazine/article/abs/geochronology-of-the-nabwal-hills-a-record-of-earliest-magmatism-in-the-northern-kenyan-rift-valley/B5BC8346805C488318C51197D2AA2B00 |journal=Geological Magazine |language=en |volume=143 |issue=1 |pages=25–39 |doi=10.1017/S0016756805001184 |issn=1469-5081}}&lt;/ref&gt; Vipengele vya kitektoni vinavyoonekana katika eneo hili hutokana na mipasuko mingi ya basalt juu ya bonde la Turkana-Omo kwenye dirisha 4.18–3.99 mya. Hawa wanaitwa Gombe Group Basalts. Wamegawanywa katika Mursi Basalts na Gombi Basalts. Basalts mbili za mwisho zinatambuliwa kama sehemu za nje zinazounda milima ya mawe na maeneo mabaya karibu na ziwa. Katika sehemu ya Omo ya bonde, ya Basalt ya Mursi, Malezi ya Mursi iko upande wa magharibi wa Omo, Nkalabong kwenye Omo, na Usno na Shungura mashariki mwa Omo. Huenda miundo inayojulikana zaidi ni Koobi Fora upande wa mashariki wa Turkana na Nachukui upande wa magharibi. Mabadiliko ya muda mfupi katika usawa wa ziwa pamoja na kumwagika kwa majivu ya volkeno ya mara kwa mara katika eneo hilo yamesababisha kuwekwa kwa tabaka kwa bahati ya ardhi juu ya miamba ya msingi. Upeo huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa usahihi zaidi kwa uchanganuzi wa kemikali wa tuff. Kwa vile eneo hili linaaminika kuwa kiota cha mageuzi cha hominini, tarehe ni muhimu kwa kuzalisha safu ya kidakroniki ya visukuku, hominoid na nonhominoid—yaani, sokwe (pamoja na hominini) na wasio-nyani. Maelfu mengi yamechimbwa. Matuta yanayowakilisha mwambao wa kale yanaonekana katika Bonde la Turkana. Ya juu zaidi ni mita 100 juu ya uso wa ziwa (takriban tu, jinsi kiwango cha ziwa kinavyobadilika-badilika), ambayo ilitokea kama miaka 9500 iliyopita, mwishoni mwa Pleistocene kama sehemu ya kipindi cha unyevu wa Afrika. Inaaminika kwa ujumla kuwa Turkana ilikuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa juu wa Nile wakati huo, ikiunganisha na Ziwa Baringo mwisho wa kusini na White Nile kaskazini, na kwamba marekebisho ya ardhi ya volkeno yalikata uhusiano huo. Dhana kama hiyo inaelezea aina ya Nile katika ziwa, kama vile mamba na sangara wa Nile. Viwango vya juu vya maji pia vilitokea takriban miaka 9000, 6000 na 5000 iliyopita, ambayo kila moja ilifuatiwa na matone katika usawa wa ziwa zaidi ya 40m katika chini ya miaka 200. Inafikiriwa kuwa mabadiliko katika nafasi ya Mpaka wa Anga wa Kongo yaliathiri uwezo wa unyevu kutoka Bahari ya Atlantiki kufikia Afrika mashariki, ambao ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya kiwango cha Ziwa Turkana na vyanzo vya maji vilivyo karibu. Eneo la kiakiolojia la Namoratunga, ambalo liliwekwa tarehe 300 KK, liko karibu na Ziwa Turkana.

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Marejeo==
{{Marejeo}}

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>eshd886ss53otft64q1mtsqk6e0bv02</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576609</id>
      <parentid>1576607</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T22:27:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Jiolojia */</comment>
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{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]].&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20090318063413if_/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/limitsinseas/IBS152.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Jiolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Regions of Kenya .: Kenya Travel Guide - VisitKeny|url=http://www.visitkenya.com/guide/index.php?contID=17&amp;mID=1|work=www.visitkenya.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya.&lt;ref&gt;https://academic.oup.com/petrology/article-abstract/47/6/1221/1438426?redirectedFrom=fulltext&amp;login=false&lt;/ref&gt; Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

[[Mwamba (jiolojia)|Miamba]] ya chini ya ardhi ya eneo hilo imetajwa na maamuzi mawili ya uchambuzi hadi miaka milioni 522 na 510 iliyopita (mya). Hakuna mpasuko uliokuwa ukitokea wakati huo. Ufa unaonyeshwa na shughuli za volkeno kupitia ukoko dhaifu. Shughuli ya zamani zaidi ya volkeno katika eneo hili ilitokea katika Milima ya Nabwal kaskazini-mashariki mwa Turkana na ina tarehe ya 34.8 mya mwishoni mwa Eocene.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McDOUGALL |first=I. a. N. |last2=Watkins |first2=Ronald T. |date=2006-01 |title=Geochronology of the Nabwal Hills: a record of earliest magmatism in the northern Kenyan Rift Valley |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/geological-magazine/article/abs/geochronology-of-the-nabwal-hills-a-record-of-earliest-magmatism-in-the-northern-kenyan-rift-valley/B5BC8346805C488318C51197D2AA2B00 |journal=Geological Magazine |language=en |volume=143 |issue=1 |pages=25–39 |doi=10.1017/S0016756805001184 |issn=1469-5081}}&lt;/ref&gt; Vipengele vya kitektoni vinavyoonekana katika eneo hili hutokana na mipasuko mingi ya basalt juu ya bonde la Turkana-Omo kwenye dirisha 4.18–3.99 mya. Hawa wanaitwa Gombe Group Basalts. Wamegawanywa katika Mursi Basalts na Gombi Basalts. Basalts mbili za mwisho zinatambuliwa kama sehemu za nje zinazounda milima ya mawe na maeneo mabaya karibu na ziwa. Katika sehemu ya Omo ya bonde, ya Basalt ya Mursi, Malezi ya Mursi iko upande wa magharibi wa Omo, Nkalabong kwenye Omo, na Usno na Shungura mashariki mwa Omo. Huenda miundo inayojulikana zaidi ni Koobi Fora upande wa mashariki wa Turkana na Nachukui upande wa magharibi. Mabadiliko ya muda mfupi katika usawa wa ziwa pamoja na kumwagika kwa majivu ya volkeno ya mara kwa mara katika eneo hilo yamesababisha kuwekwa kwa tabaka kwa bahati ya ardhi juu ya miamba ya msingi. Upeo huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa usahihi zaidi kwa uchanganuzi wa kemikali wa tuff. Kwa vile eneo hili linaaminika kuwa kiota cha mageuzi cha hominini, tarehe ni muhimu kwa kuzalisha safu ya kidakroniki ya visukuku, hominoid na nonhominoid—yaani, sokwe (pamoja na hominini) na wasio-nyani. Maelfu mengi yamechimbwa. Matuta yanayowakilisha mwambao wa kale yanaonekana katika Bonde la Turkana. Ya juu zaidi ni mita 100 juu ya uso wa ziwa (takriban tu, jinsi kiwango cha ziwa kinavyobadilika-badilika), ambayo ilitokea kama miaka 9500 iliyopita, mwishoni mwa Pleistocene kama sehemu ya kipindi cha unyevu wa Afrika. Inaaminika kwa ujumla kuwa Turkana ilikuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa juu wa Nile wakati huo, ikiunganisha na Ziwa Baringo mwisho wa kusini na White Nile kaskazini, na kwamba marekebisho ya ardhi ya volkeno yalikata uhusiano huo. Dhana kama hiyo inaelezea aina ya Nile katika ziwa, kama vile mamba na sangara wa Nile. Viwango vya juu vya maji pia vilitokea takriban miaka 9000, 6000 na 5000 iliyopita, ambayo kila moja ilifuatiwa na matone katika usawa wa ziwa zaidi ya 40m katika chini ya miaka 200. Inafikiriwa kuwa mabadiliko katika nafasi ya Mpaka wa Anga wa Kongo yaliathiri uwezo wa unyevu kutoka Bahari ya Atlantiki kufikia Afrika mashariki, ambao ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya kiwango cha Ziwa Turkana na vyanzo vya maji vilivyo karibu. Eneo la kiakiolojia la Namoratunga, ambalo liliwekwa tarehe 300 KK, liko karibu na Ziwa Turkana.

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Marejeo==
{{Marejeo}}

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>eo07cg8aofh6yn1zlgdqxnb8gf6rnar</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576610</id>
      <parentid>1576609</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T22:33:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza rejeo</comment>
      <origin>1576610</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="22671" sha1="n5m1sci1odm8ulm1w8ftu72euhqogpz" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]].&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20090318063413if_/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/limitsinseas/IBS152.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Jiolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Regions of Kenya .: Kenya Travel Guide - VisitKeny|url=http://www.visitkenya.com/guide/index.php?contID=17&amp;mID=1|work=www.visitkenya.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya.&lt;ref&gt;https://academic.oup.com/petrology/article-abstract/47/6/1221/1438426?redirectedFrom=fulltext&amp;login=false&lt;/ref&gt; Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

[[Mwamba (jiolojia)|Miamba]] ya chini ya ardhi ya eneo hilo imetajwa na maamuzi mawili ya uchambuzi hadi miaka milioni 522 na 510 iliyopita (mya). Hakuna mpasuko uliokuwa ukitokea wakati huo. Ufa unaonyeshwa na shughuli za volkeno kupitia ukoko dhaifu. Shughuli ya zamani zaidi ya volkeno katika eneo hili ilitokea katika Milima ya Nabwal kaskazini-mashariki mwa Turkana na ina tarehe ya 34.8 mya mwishoni mwa Eocene.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McDOUGALL |first=I. a. N. |last2=Watkins |first2=Ronald T. |date=2006-01 |title=Geochronology of the Nabwal Hills: a record of earliest magmatism in the northern Kenyan Rift Valley |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/geological-magazine/article/abs/geochronology-of-the-nabwal-hills-a-record-of-earliest-magmatism-in-the-northern-kenyan-rift-valley/B5BC8346805C488318C51197D2AA2B00 |journal=Geological Magazine |language=en |volume=143 |issue=1 |pages=25–39 |doi=10.1017/S0016756805001184 |issn=1469-5081}}&lt;/ref&gt; Vipengele vya kitektoni vinavyoonekana katika eneo hili hutokana na mipasuko mingi ya basalt juu ya bonde la Turkana-Omo kwenye dirisha 4.18–3.99 mya. Hawa wanaitwa Gombe Group Basalts. Wamegawanywa katika Mursi Basalts na Gombi Basalts. Basalts mbili za mwisho zinatambuliwa kama sehemu za nje zinazounda milima ya mawe na maeneo mabaya karibu na ziwa. Katika sehemu ya Omo ya bonde, ya Basalt ya Mursi, Malezi ya Mursi iko upande wa magharibi wa Omo, Nkalabong kwenye Omo, na Usno na Shungura mashariki mwa Omo. Huenda miundo inayojulikana zaidi ni Koobi Fora upande wa mashariki wa Turkana na Nachukui upande wa magharibi. Mabadiliko ya muda mfupi katika usawa wa ziwa pamoja na kumwagika kwa majivu ya volkeno ya mara kwa mara katika eneo hilo yamesababisha kuwekwa kwa tabaka kwa bahati ya ardhi juu ya miamba ya msingi. Upeo huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa usahihi zaidi kwa uchanganuzi wa kemikali wa tuff.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McDougall |first=Ian |last2=Brown |first2=Francis H. |date=2006-01 |title=Precise             &lt;sup&gt;40&lt;/sup&gt;             Ar/             &lt;sup&gt;39&lt;/sup&gt;             Ar geochronology for the upper Koobi Fora Formation, Turkana Basin, northern Kenya |url=https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.1144%2F0016-764904-166 |journal=Journal of the Geological Society |language=en |volume=163 |issue=1 |pages=205–220 |doi=10.1144/0016-764904-166 |issn=0016-7649 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260507210204/https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.1144%2F0016-764904-166 |archive-date=2026-05-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwa vile eneo hili linaaminika kuwa kiota cha mageuzi cha hominini, tarehe ni muhimu kwa kuzalisha safu ya kidakroniki ya visukuku, hominoid na nonhominoid—yaani, sokwe (pamoja na hominini) na wasio-nyani. Maelfu mengi yamechimbwa. Matuta yanayowakilisha mwambao wa kale yanaonekana katika Bonde la Turkana. Ya juu zaidi ni mita 100 juu ya uso wa ziwa (takriban tu, jinsi kiwango cha ziwa kinavyobadilika-badilika), ambayo ilitokea kama miaka 9500 iliyopita, mwishoni mwa Pleistocene kama sehemu ya kipindi cha unyevu wa Afrika. Inaaminika kwa ujumla kuwa Turkana ilikuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa juu wa Nile wakati huo, ikiunganisha na Ziwa Baringo mwisho wa kusini na White Nile kaskazini, na kwamba marekebisho ya ardhi ya volkeno yalikata uhusiano huo. Dhana kama hiyo inaelezea aina ya Nile katika ziwa, kama vile mamba na sangara wa Nile. Viwango vya juu vya maji pia vilitokea takriban miaka 9000, 6000 na 5000 iliyopita, ambayo kila moja ilifuatiwa na matone katika usawa wa ziwa zaidi ya 40m katika chini ya miaka 200. Inafikiriwa kuwa mabadiliko katika nafasi ya Mpaka wa Anga wa Kongo yaliathiri uwezo wa unyevu kutoka Bahari ya Atlantiki kufikia Afrika mashariki, ambao ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya kiwango cha Ziwa Turkana na vyanzo vya maji vilivyo karibu. Eneo la kiakiolojia la Namoratunga, ambalo liliwekwa tarehe 300 KK, liko karibu na Ziwa Turkana.

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Marejeo==
{{Marejeo}}

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>n5m1sci1odm8ulm1w8ftu72euhqogpz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576611</id>
      <parentid>1576610</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T22:38:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza rejeo</comment>
      <origin>1576611</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="22765" sha1="hsk3krfulsemja5hvr2wlu1kmzpiy8c" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]].&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20090318063413if_/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/limitsinseas/IBS152.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Jiolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Regions of Kenya .: Kenya Travel Guide - VisitKeny|url=http://www.visitkenya.com/guide/index.php?contID=17&amp;mID=1|work=www.visitkenya.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya.&lt;ref&gt;https://academic.oup.com/petrology/article-abstract/47/6/1221/1438426?redirectedFrom=fulltext&amp;login=false&lt;/ref&gt; Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

[[Mwamba (jiolojia)|Miamba]] ya chini ya ardhi ya eneo hilo imetajwa na maamuzi mawili ya uchambuzi hadi miaka milioni 522 na 510 iliyopita (mya). Hakuna mpasuko uliokuwa ukitokea wakati huo. Ufa unaonyeshwa na shughuli za volkeno kupitia ukoko dhaifu. Shughuli ya zamani zaidi ya volkeno katika eneo hili ilitokea katika Milima ya Nabwal kaskazini-mashariki mwa Turkana na ina tarehe ya 34.8 mya mwishoni mwa Eocene.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McDOUGALL |first=I. a. N. |last2=Watkins |first2=Ronald T. |date=2006-01 |title=Geochronology of the Nabwal Hills: a record of earliest magmatism in the northern Kenyan Rift Valley |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/geological-magazine/article/abs/geochronology-of-the-nabwal-hills-a-record-of-earliest-magmatism-in-the-northern-kenyan-rift-valley/B5BC8346805C488318C51197D2AA2B00 |journal=Geological Magazine |language=en |volume=143 |issue=1 |pages=25–39 |doi=10.1017/S0016756805001184 |issn=1469-5081}}&lt;/ref&gt; Vipengele vya kitektoni vinavyoonekana katika eneo hili hutokana na mipasuko mingi ya basalt juu ya bonde la Turkana-Omo kwenye dirisha 4.18–3.99 mya. Hawa wanaitwa Gombe Group Basalts. Wamegawanywa katika Mursi Basalts na Gombi Basalts. Basalts mbili za mwisho zinatambuliwa kama sehemu za nje zinazounda milima ya mawe na maeneo mabaya karibu na ziwa. Katika sehemu ya Omo ya bonde, ya Basalt ya Mursi, Malezi ya Mursi iko upande wa magharibi wa Omo, Nkalabong kwenye Omo, na Usno na Shungura mashariki mwa Omo. Huenda miundo inayojulikana zaidi ni Koobi Fora upande wa mashariki wa Turkana na Nachukui upande wa magharibi. Mabadiliko ya muda mfupi katika usawa wa ziwa pamoja na kumwagika kwa majivu ya volkeno ya mara kwa mara katika eneo hilo yamesababisha kuwekwa kwa tabaka kwa bahati ya ardhi juu ya miamba ya msingi. Upeo huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa usahihi zaidi kwa uchanganuzi wa kemikali wa tuff.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McDougall |first=Ian |last2=Brown |first2=Francis H. |date=2006-01 |title=Precise             &lt;sup&gt;40&lt;/sup&gt;             Ar/             &lt;sup&gt;39&lt;/sup&gt;             Ar geochronology for the upper Koobi Fora Formation, Turkana Basin, northern Kenya |url=https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.1144%2F0016-764904-166 |journal=Journal of the Geological Society |language=en |volume=163 |issue=1 |pages=205–220 |doi=10.1144/0016-764904-166 |issn=0016-7649 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260507210204/https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.1144%2F0016-764904-166 |archive-date=2026-05-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwa vile eneo hili linaaminika kuwa kiota cha mageuzi cha hominini, tarehe ni muhimu kwa kuzalisha safu ya kidakroniki ya visukuku, hominoid na nonhominoid—yaani, sokwe (pamoja na hominini) na wasio-nyani. Maelfu mengi yamechimbwa. Matuta yanayowakilisha mwambao wa kale yanaonekana katika Bonde la Turkana. Ya juu zaidi ni mita 100 juu ya uso wa ziwa (takriban tu, jinsi kiwango cha ziwa kinavyobadilika-badilika), ambayo ilitokea kama miaka 9500 iliyopita, mwishoni mwa Pleistocene kama sehemu ya kipindi cha unyevu wa Afrika. Inaaminika kwa ujumla kuwa Turkana ilikuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa juu wa Nile wakati huo, ikiunganisha na Ziwa Baringo mwisho wa kusini na White Nile kaskazini, na kwamba marekebisho ya ardhi ya volkeno yalikata uhusiano huo. Dhana kama hiyo inaelezea aina ya Nile katika ziwa, kama vile mamba na sangara wa Nile. Viwango vya juu vya maji pia vilitokea takriban miaka 9000, 6000 na 5000 iliyopita, ambayo kila moja ilifuatiwa na matone katika usawa wa ziwa zaidi ya 40m katika chini ya miaka 200.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921818115001265?via%3Dihub&lt;/ref&gt;

Inafikiriwa kuwa mabadiliko katika nafasi ya Mpaka wa Anga wa Kongo yaliathiri uwezo wa unyevu kutoka Bahari ya Atlantiki kufikia Afrika mashariki, ambao ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya kiwango cha Ziwa Turkana na vyanzo vya maji vilivyo karibu. Eneo la kiakiolojia la Namoratunga, ambalo liliwekwa tarehe 300 KK, liko karibu na Ziwa Turkana.

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Marejeo==
{{Marejeo}}

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>hsk3krfulsemja5hvr2wlu1kmzpiy8c</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576612</id>
      <parentid>1576611</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T22:43:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza rejeo</comment>
      <origin>1576612</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="22895" sha1="3vegwnbmjzwa7rp4ik3w13h8dhy1sgt" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]].&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20090318063413if_/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/limitsinseas/IBS152.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Jiolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Regions of Kenya .: Kenya Travel Guide - VisitKeny|url=http://www.visitkenya.com/guide/index.php?contID=17&amp;mID=1|work=www.visitkenya.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya.&lt;ref&gt;https://academic.oup.com/petrology/article-abstract/47/6/1221/1438426?redirectedFrom=fulltext&amp;login=false&lt;/ref&gt; Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

[[Mwamba (jiolojia)|Miamba]] ya chini ya ardhi ya eneo hilo imetajwa na maamuzi mawili ya uchambuzi hadi miaka milioni 522 na 510 iliyopita (mya). Hakuna mpasuko uliokuwa ukitokea wakati huo. Ufa unaonyeshwa na shughuli za volkeno kupitia ukoko dhaifu. Shughuli ya zamani zaidi ya volkeno katika eneo hili ilitokea katika Milima ya Nabwal kaskazini-mashariki mwa Turkana na ina tarehe ya 34.8 mya mwishoni mwa Eocene.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McDOUGALL |first=I. a. N. |last2=Watkins |first2=Ronald T. |date=2006-01 |title=Geochronology of the Nabwal Hills: a record of earliest magmatism in the northern Kenyan Rift Valley |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/geological-magazine/article/abs/geochronology-of-the-nabwal-hills-a-record-of-earliest-magmatism-in-the-northern-kenyan-rift-valley/B5BC8346805C488318C51197D2AA2B00 |journal=Geological Magazine |language=en |volume=143 |issue=1 |pages=25–39 |doi=10.1017/S0016756805001184 |issn=1469-5081}}&lt;/ref&gt; Vipengele vya kitektoni vinavyoonekana katika eneo hili hutokana na mipasuko mingi ya basalt juu ya bonde la Turkana-Omo kwenye dirisha 4.18–3.99 mya. Hawa wanaitwa Gombe Group Basalts. Wamegawanywa katika Mursi Basalts na Gombi Basalts. Basalts mbili za mwisho zinatambuliwa kama sehemu za nje zinazounda milima ya mawe na maeneo mabaya karibu na ziwa. Katika sehemu ya Omo ya bonde, ya Basalt ya Mursi, Malezi ya Mursi iko upande wa magharibi wa Omo, Nkalabong kwenye Omo, na Usno na Shungura mashariki mwa Omo. Huenda miundo inayojulikana zaidi ni Koobi Fora upande wa mashariki wa Turkana na Nachukui upande wa magharibi. Mabadiliko ya muda mfupi katika usawa wa ziwa pamoja na kumwagika kwa majivu ya volkeno ya mara kwa mara katika eneo hilo yamesababisha kuwekwa kwa tabaka kwa bahati ya ardhi juu ya miamba ya msingi. Upeo huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa usahihi zaidi kwa uchanganuzi wa kemikali wa tuff.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McDougall |first=Ian |last2=Brown |first2=Francis H. |date=2006-01 |title=Precise             &lt;sup&gt;40&lt;/sup&gt;             Ar/             &lt;sup&gt;39&lt;/sup&gt;             Ar geochronology for the upper Koobi Fora Formation, Turkana Basin, northern Kenya |url=https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.1144%2F0016-764904-166 |journal=Journal of the Geological Society |language=en |volume=163 |issue=1 |pages=205–220 |doi=10.1144/0016-764904-166 |issn=0016-7649 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260507210204/https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.1144%2F0016-764904-166 |archive-date=2026-05-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwa vile eneo hili linaaminika kuwa kiota cha mageuzi cha hominini, tarehe ni muhimu kwa kuzalisha safu ya kidakroniki ya visukuku, hominoid na nonhominoid—yaani, sokwe (pamoja na hominini) na wasio-nyani. Maelfu mengi yamechimbwa. Matuta yanayowakilisha mwambao wa kale yanaonekana katika Bonde la Turkana. Ya juu zaidi ni mita 100 juu ya uso wa ziwa (takriban tu, jinsi kiwango cha ziwa kinavyobadilika-badilika), ambayo ilitokea kama miaka 9500 iliyopita, mwishoni mwa Pleistocene kama sehemu ya kipindi cha unyevu wa Afrika. Inaaminika kwa ujumla kuwa Turkana ilikuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa juu wa Nile wakati huo, ikiunganisha na Ziwa Baringo mwisho wa kusini na White Nile kaskazini, na kwamba marekebisho ya ardhi ya volkeno yalikata uhusiano huo. Dhana kama hiyo inaelezea aina ya Nile katika ziwa, kama vile mamba na sangara wa Nile. Viwango vya juu vya maji pia vilitokea takriban miaka 9000, 6000 na 5000 iliyopita, ambayo kila moja ilifuatiwa na matone katika usawa wa ziwa zaidi ya 40m katika chini ya miaka 200.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921818115001265?via%3Dihub&lt;/ref&gt;

Inafikiriwa kuwa mabadiliko katika nafasi ya Mpaka wa Anga wa Kongo yaliathiri uwezo wa unyevu kutoka Bahari ya Atlantiki kufikia Afrika mashariki,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014QSRv...83...58C|work=ui.adsabs.harvard.edu|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; ambao ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya kiwango cha Ziwa Turkana na vyanzo vya maji vilivyo karibu. Eneo la kiakiolojia la Namoratunga, ambalo liliwekwa tarehe 300 KK, liko karibu na Ziwa Turkana.

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Marejeo==
{{Marejeo}}

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>3vegwnbmjzwa7rp4ik3w13h8dhy1sgt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576613</id>
      <parentid>1576612</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T22:45:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza rejeo</comment>
      <origin>1576613</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23034" sha1="3rj3ldena5h93kq6q3oaaba0qp4d700" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]].&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20090318063413if_/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/limitsinseas/IBS152.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Jiolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Regions of Kenya .: Kenya Travel Guide - VisitKeny|url=http://www.visitkenya.com/guide/index.php?contID=17&amp;mID=1|work=www.visitkenya.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya.&lt;ref&gt;https://academic.oup.com/petrology/article-abstract/47/6/1221/1438426?redirectedFrom=fulltext&amp;login=false&lt;/ref&gt; Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

[[Mwamba (jiolojia)|Miamba]] ya chini ya ardhi ya eneo hilo imetajwa na maamuzi mawili ya uchambuzi hadi miaka milioni 522 na 510 iliyopita (mya). Hakuna mpasuko uliokuwa ukitokea wakati huo. Ufa unaonyeshwa na shughuli za volkeno kupitia ukoko dhaifu. Shughuli ya zamani zaidi ya volkeno katika eneo hili ilitokea katika Milima ya Nabwal kaskazini-mashariki mwa Turkana na ina tarehe ya 34.8 mya mwishoni mwa Eocene.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McDOUGALL |first=I. a. N. |last2=Watkins |first2=Ronald T. |date=2006-01 |title=Geochronology of the Nabwal Hills: a record of earliest magmatism in the northern Kenyan Rift Valley |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/geological-magazine/article/abs/geochronology-of-the-nabwal-hills-a-record-of-earliest-magmatism-in-the-northern-kenyan-rift-valley/B5BC8346805C488318C51197D2AA2B00 |journal=Geological Magazine |language=en |volume=143 |issue=1 |pages=25–39 |doi=10.1017/S0016756805001184 |issn=1469-5081}}&lt;/ref&gt; Vipengele vya kitektoni vinavyoonekana katika eneo hili hutokana na mipasuko mingi ya basalt juu ya bonde la Turkana-Omo kwenye dirisha 4.18–3.99 mya. Hawa wanaitwa Gombe Group Basalts. Wamegawanywa katika Mursi Basalts na Gombi Basalts. Basalts mbili za mwisho zinatambuliwa kama sehemu za nje zinazounda milima ya mawe na maeneo mabaya karibu na ziwa. Katika sehemu ya Omo ya bonde, ya Basalt ya Mursi, Malezi ya Mursi iko upande wa magharibi wa Omo, Nkalabong kwenye Omo, na Usno na Shungura mashariki mwa Omo. Huenda miundo inayojulikana zaidi ni Koobi Fora upande wa mashariki wa Turkana na Nachukui upande wa magharibi. Mabadiliko ya muda mfupi katika usawa wa ziwa pamoja na kumwagika kwa majivu ya volkeno ya mara kwa mara katika eneo hilo yamesababisha kuwekwa kwa tabaka kwa bahati ya ardhi juu ya miamba ya msingi. Upeo huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa usahihi zaidi kwa uchanganuzi wa kemikali wa tuff.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McDougall |first=Ian |last2=Brown |first2=Francis H. |date=2006-01 |title=Precise             &lt;sup&gt;40&lt;/sup&gt;             Ar/             &lt;sup&gt;39&lt;/sup&gt;             Ar geochronology for the upper Koobi Fora Formation, Turkana Basin, northern Kenya |url=https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.1144%2F0016-764904-166 |journal=Journal of the Geological Society |language=en |volume=163 |issue=1 |pages=205–220 |doi=10.1144/0016-764904-166 |issn=0016-7649 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260507210204/https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.1144%2F0016-764904-166 |archive-date=2026-05-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwa vile eneo hili linaaminika kuwa kiota cha mageuzi cha hominini, tarehe ni muhimu kwa kuzalisha safu ya kidakroniki ya visukuku, hominoid na nonhominoid—yaani, sokwe (pamoja na hominini) na wasio-nyani. Maelfu mengi yamechimbwa. Matuta yanayowakilisha mwambao wa kale yanaonekana katika Bonde la Turkana. Ya juu zaidi ni mita 100 juu ya uso wa ziwa (takriban tu, jinsi kiwango cha ziwa kinavyobadilika-badilika), ambayo ilitokea kama miaka 9500 iliyopita, mwishoni mwa Pleistocene kama sehemu ya kipindi cha unyevu wa Afrika. Inaaminika kwa ujumla kuwa Turkana ilikuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa juu wa Nile wakati huo, ikiunganisha na Ziwa Baringo mwisho wa kusini na White Nile kaskazini, na kwamba marekebisho ya ardhi ya volkeno yalikata uhusiano huo. Dhana kama hiyo inaelezea aina ya Nile katika ziwa, kama vile mamba na sangara wa Nile. Viwango vya juu vya maji pia vilitokea takriban miaka 9000, 6000 na 5000 iliyopita, ambayo kila moja ilifuatiwa na matone katika usawa wa ziwa zaidi ya 40m katika chini ya miaka 200.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921818115001265?via%3Dihub&lt;/ref&gt;

Inafikiriwa kuwa mabadiliko katika nafasi ya Mpaka wa Anga wa Kongo yaliathiri uwezo wa unyevu kutoka Bahari ya Atlantiki kufikia Afrika mashariki,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014QSRv...83...58C|work=ui.adsabs.harvard.edu|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011QSRv...30..798T/abstract|work=ui.adsabs.harvard.edu|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; ambao ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya kiwango cha Ziwa Turkana na vyanzo vya maji vilivyo karibu. Eneo la kiakiolojia la Namoratunga, ambalo liliwekwa tarehe 300 KK, liko karibu na Ziwa Turkana.

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Marejeo==
{{Marejeo}}

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>3rj3ldena5h93kq6q3oaaba0qp4d700</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576614</id>
      <parentid>1576613</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T22:48:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza rejeo</comment>
      <origin>1576614</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23173" sha1="22rhnqzs7ejwf7zl9jjiuyx5f5plqwy" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|3|35|N|36|7|E|display=title}}


{{Ziwa | jina = Ziwa Turkana
  | picha = LakeTurkanaSouthIsland.jpg
  | maelezo_ya_picha = Ziwa Turkana
  | mahali = [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]
  | nchi = [[Kenya]] ([[Ethiopia]] ina pembe ya kaskazini kabisa)
  | eneo = km² 6.405  
  | kina = m 73
  | mito inayoingia = [[mto Omo|Omo]], [[Turkwel (mto)|Turkwel]], [[mto Kerio|Kerio]] na mingine mingi
  | mito inayotoka =  --
  | kimo = 375 m
  | miji = (vijiji vichache tu)
}}
'''Ziwa Turkana''' ni [[ziwa]] kubwa lililopo katika [[kaskazini]] [[yabisi]] ya [[Kenya]]. Halina [[mto]] unaotoka, hivyo [[maji]] yanayoingia yanapotea kwa njia ya [[uvukizaji]]. Kwa jumla ni ziwa la Kenya lakini [[ncha]] yake ya kaskazini ipo ndani ya [[Ethiopia]].&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20090318063413if_/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/limitsinseas/IBS152.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Na pia ni ziwa la [[Jangwa|jangwani]] lililo kubwa kuliko yote [[duniani]].

==Eneo na tabia za ziwa==
[[Umbo]] la ziwa ni kama kanda ndefu inayoelea kutoka kaskazini kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Urefu]] wa ziwa ni [[kilomita]] 290, [[upana]] wake hadi kilomita 32. Eneo la maji ni [[km²]] 6,405. Ndani ya ziwa kuna [[visiwa]] vitatu vidogo vinavyoitwa, Kisiwa cha kusini, kiswa cha kati na kisiwa cha kaskazini.

Turkana ni [[ziwa la magadi]] lakini maji yake hunywewa na [[watu]] na [[wanyama]] na yanawezesha [[viumbehai|viumbe hai]] wengi kuishi ndani yake. 

Hifadhi za wanyama kwenye ziwa Turkana zimeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kama [[Urithi wa Dunia]], zikiwemo [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Sibiloi]] ([[mashariki]] kwa ziwa), [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kati]] na [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kisiwa cha Kusini]] (visiwani).

[[Mazingira]] hayo yote yanahatarishwa sasa na [[ujenzi]] wa [[lambo]] la [[Gilgel Gibe III]] kwenye [[mto Omo]] unaochangia ziwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.

== Jina ==
[[Picha:Lake turkana satellite.jpg|thumb|left|Ziwa Turkana linavyoonekana kutoka [[Anga|angani]].]]
Wenyeji wametumia [[Jina|majina]] mbalimbali kufuatana na [[lugha]] zao. [[Waturkana]] hutumia &quot;anam Ka'alakol&quot; yaani &quot;ziwa la samaki wengi&quot;. [[Wapelelezi]] [[Wazungu]] wa [[karne ya 19]] walisikia jina la &quot;Basso Narok&quot; ingawa haieleweki hii ilikuwa lugha gani. 

Kimataifa ziwa lilijulikana zamani kwa jina la &quot;Ziwa Rudolph&quot; (Rudolfsee, Lake Rudolph) lililotolewa na mpelelezi [[Mhungaria]] [[Sámuel Teleki]] kwa heshima ya [[mtemi]] Rudolph, [[mtoto]] wa [[mfalme]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]].

==Jiolojia==
Ziwa Turkana ni kipengele cha Ufa cha Afrika Mashariki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Regions of Kenya .: Kenya Travel Guide - VisitKeny|url=http://www.visitkenya.com/guide/index.php?contID=17&amp;mID=1|work=www.visitkenya.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ufa ni sehemu dhaifu katika ukoko wa Dunia kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko wa sahani mbili za tectonic, mara nyingi huambatana na graben, au kupitia nyimbo, ambayo maji ya ziwa yanaweza kukusanya.&lt;ref&gt;https://academic.oup.com/petrology/article-abstract/47/6/1221/1438426?redirectedFrom=fulltext&amp;login=false&lt;/ref&gt; Mpasuko ulianza wakati Afrika Mashariki, ikisukumwa na mikondo kwenye vazi,  ilianza kujitenga na Afrika nzima, ikihamia kaskazini-mashariki. Kwa sasa, graben ina upana wa kilomita 320 kaskazini mwa ziwa, kilomita 170 kusini. Ufa huu ni mmoja kati ya miwili, na unaitwa Ufa Mkuu au Mashariki. Kuna mwingine upande wa magharibi, Ufa wa Magharibi. Ziwa Turkana ni sifa ya kipekee ya mandhari ya Afrika Mashariki. Kando na kuwa ziwa la kudumu la jangwa, ndilo ziwa pekee ambalo huhifadhi maji yanayotoka sehemu mbili tofauti za vyanzo vya Mto Nile. Bonde la mifereji ya maji ya Ziwa Turkana huchota maji yake hasa kutoka Nyanda za Juu za Kenya na Nyanda za Juu za Ethiopia

[[Mwamba (jiolojia)|Miamba]] ya chini ya ardhi ya eneo hilo imetajwa na maamuzi mawili ya uchambuzi hadi miaka milioni 522 na 510 iliyopita (mya). Hakuna mpasuko uliokuwa ukitokea wakati huo. Ufa unaonyeshwa na shughuli za volkeno kupitia ukoko dhaifu. Shughuli ya zamani zaidi ya volkeno katika eneo hili ilitokea katika Milima ya Nabwal kaskazini-mashariki mwa Turkana na ina tarehe ya 34.8 mya mwishoni mwa Eocene.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McDOUGALL |first=I. a. N. |last2=Watkins |first2=Ronald T. |date=2006-01 |title=Geochronology of the Nabwal Hills: a record of earliest magmatism in the northern Kenyan Rift Valley |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/geological-magazine/article/abs/geochronology-of-the-nabwal-hills-a-record-of-earliest-magmatism-in-the-northern-kenyan-rift-valley/B5BC8346805C488318C51197D2AA2B00 |journal=Geological Magazine |language=en |volume=143 |issue=1 |pages=25–39 |doi=10.1017/S0016756805001184 |issn=1469-5081}}&lt;/ref&gt; Vipengele vya kitektoni vinavyoonekana katika eneo hili hutokana na mipasuko mingi ya basalt juu ya bonde la Turkana-Omo kwenye dirisha 4.18–3.99 mya. Hawa wanaitwa Gombe Group Basalts. Wamegawanywa katika Mursi Basalts na Gombi Basalts. Basalts mbili za mwisho zinatambuliwa kama sehemu za nje zinazounda milima ya mawe na maeneo mabaya karibu na ziwa. Katika sehemu ya Omo ya bonde, ya Basalt ya Mursi, Malezi ya Mursi iko upande wa magharibi wa Omo, Nkalabong kwenye Omo, na Usno na Shungura mashariki mwa Omo. Huenda miundo inayojulikana zaidi ni Koobi Fora upande wa mashariki wa Turkana na Nachukui upande wa magharibi. Mabadiliko ya muda mfupi katika usawa wa ziwa pamoja na kumwagika kwa majivu ya volkeno ya mara kwa mara katika eneo hilo yamesababisha kuwekwa kwa tabaka kwa bahati ya ardhi juu ya miamba ya msingi. Upeo huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa usahihi zaidi kwa uchanganuzi wa kemikali wa tuff.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McDougall |first=Ian |last2=Brown |first2=Francis H. |date=2006-01 |title=Precise             &lt;sup&gt;40&lt;/sup&gt;             Ar/             &lt;sup&gt;39&lt;/sup&gt;             Ar geochronology for the upper Koobi Fora Formation, Turkana Basin, northern Kenya |url=https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.1144%2F0016-764904-166 |journal=Journal of the Geological Society |language=en |volume=163 |issue=1 |pages=205–220 |doi=10.1144/0016-764904-166 |issn=0016-7649 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260507210204/https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.1144%2F0016-764904-166 |archive-date=2026-05-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwa vile eneo hili linaaminika kuwa kiota cha mageuzi cha hominini, tarehe ni muhimu kwa kuzalisha safu ya kidakroniki ya visukuku, hominoid na nonhominoid—yaani, sokwe (pamoja na hominini) na wasio-nyani. Maelfu mengi yamechimbwa. Matuta yanayowakilisha mwambao wa kale yanaonekana katika Bonde la Turkana. Ya juu zaidi ni mita 100 juu ya uso wa ziwa (takriban tu, jinsi kiwango cha ziwa kinavyobadilika-badilika), ambayo ilitokea kama miaka 9500 iliyopita, mwishoni mwa Pleistocene kama sehemu ya kipindi cha unyevu wa Afrika. Inaaminika kwa ujumla kuwa Turkana ilikuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa juu wa Nile wakati huo, ikiunganisha na Ziwa Baringo mwisho wa kusini na White Nile kaskazini, na kwamba marekebisho ya ardhi ya volkeno yalikata uhusiano huo. Dhana kama hiyo inaelezea aina ya Nile katika ziwa, kama vile mamba na sangara wa Nile. Viwango vya juu vya maji pia vilitokea takriban miaka 9000, 6000 na 5000 iliyopita, ambayo kila moja ilifuatiwa na matone katika usawa wa ziwa zaidi ya 40m katika chini ya miaka 200.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921818115001265?via%3Dihub&lt;/ref&gt;

Inafikiriwa kuwa mabadiliko katika nafasi ya Mpaka wa Anga wa Kongo yaliathiri uwezo wa unyevu kutoka Bahari ya Atlantiki kufikia Afrika mashariki,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014QSRv...83...58C|work=ui.adsabs.harvard.edu|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011QSRv...30..798T/abstract|work=ui.adsabs.harvard.edu|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; ambao ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya kiwango cha Ziwa Turkana na vyanzo vya maji vilivyo karibu. Eneo la kiakiolojia la Namoratunga, ambalo liliwekwa tarehe 300 KK, liko karibu na Ziwa Turkana.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014PPP...396....1J/abstract|work=ui.adsabs.harvard.edu|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Visiwa vinavyopatikana katika ziwa hilo==
* [[Kisiwa cha Kaskazini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kaskazini]] ([[kaunti ya Turkana]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kati (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kati]]
* [[Kisiwa cha Ekinyang]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Enwoiti]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Kusini (Turkana)|Kisiwa cha Kusini]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nan]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])
* [[Kisiwa cha Nanet]] ([[kaunti ya Marsabit]])

==Mito inayochangia ziwa==
===Kutoka Ethiopia===
Mto wa kwanza kabisa katika kuchangia ziwa Turkana (90% hivi) uko upande wa Ethiopia: ni [[mto Omo]] (na [[Tawimto|matawimto]] yake na ya mito midogo zaidi inayoyachangia, kama [[Mto Usno]], [[Mto Mago]], [[Mto Neri]], [[Mto Mui]], [[Mto Mantsa]], [[Mto Zigina]], [[Mto Denchya]], [[Mto Gojeb]], [[Mto Gibe]], [[Mto Gilgel Gibe]], [[Mto Amara (Ethiopia)|mto Amara]], [[mto Alanga]], [[Mto Maze]] na [[Mto Wabe (Ethiopia)|Mto Wabe]]. Miaka mingine [[Mto Kibish]] pia unafikia ziwa hilo.

===Kutoka Kenya===
Mito mingine mingi inachangia pia ziwa Turkana upande wa Kenya, ingawa si kwa kiasi kile cha mto Omto; ni hii ifuatayo: 
•       [[Mto Abelibel]]
•	[[Mto Aberit]]
•	[[Mto Aguli]]
•	[[Mto Ainabkoi (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Aino]]
•	[[Mto Aiye Nai-Anginyang-Kiporr]]
•	[[Mto Akaderte]]
•	[[Mto Akatelyan]]
•	[[Mto Akatwan]]
•	[[Mto Akeriemet]]
•	[[Mto Akhurya]]
•	[[Mto Akiriamet]]
•	[[Mto Akope]]
•	[[Mto Akores]]
•	[[Mto Akouaekori]]
•	[[Mto Akukuth]]
•	[[Mto Alale]]
•	[[Mto Alamonges]]
•	[[Mto Alelalokeya]]
•	[[Mto Alongolomoi]]
•	[[Mto Amelaromuryankol]]
•	[[Mto Amunyai]]
•	[[Mto Anam]]
•	[[Mto Anamuton]]
•	[[Mto Ananoi]]
•	[[Mto Angamojak]]
•	[[Mto Angaro]]
•	[[Mto Angmatia]]
•	[[Mto Angorangora]]
•	[[Mto Anomat]]
•	[[Mto Anyagalim]]
•	[[Mto Apaigiron]]
•	[[Mto Apow]]
•	[[Mto Arau]]
•	[[Mto Arionomur]]
•	[[Mto Aroga]]
•	[[Mto Arorr]]
•	[[Mto Arorr (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Asasum]]
•	[[Mto Atead]]
•	[[Mto Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Atir]]
•	[[Mto Atot]]
•	[[Mto Auanaparan]]
•	[[Mto Ayonai Aterr]]
•	[[Mto Ayonaialopakalumong]]
•	[[Mto Barawa]]
•	[[Mto Barua]]
•	[[Mto Buleth]]
•	[[Mto Cheberen]]
•	[[Mto Cheberkeriungo]]
•	[[Mto Cheborgo]]
•	[[Mto Chekolatom]]
•	[[Mto Chemeri]]
•	[[Mto Chemeroi]]
•	[[Mto Chemonges]]
•	[[Mto Chemosusu]]
•	[[Mto Chemwapit]]
•	[[Mto Chepareria]]
•	[[Mto Chepkobeh]]
•	[[Mto Chepkondol]]
•	[[Mto Chepkuloi]]
•	[[Mto Chepolol]]
•	[[Mto Chepropoi]]
•	[[Mto Cheptak]]
•	[[Mto Cheptandan]]
•	[[Mto Cheptilon]]
•	[[Mto Cherial]]
•	[[Mto Chesabet]]
•	[[Mto Chesera]]
•	[[Mto Chesoi]]
•	[[Mto Chiapan]]
•	[[Mto Chukulukong]]
•	[[Mto Didinga]]
•	[[Mto Dupas]]
•	[[Mto Ekebekebyeke]]
•	[[Mto Ekwapalopyot]]
•	[[Mto Emaniman]]
•	[[Mto Emanit]]
•	[[Mto Embamachukwa]]
•	[[Mto Embamon]]
•	[[Mto Embasos]]
•	[[Mto Embobit]]
•	[[Mto Embogh]]
•	[[Mto Embomoruk]]
•	[[Mto Embong']]
•	[[Mto Empungung]]
•	[[Mto Emsea]]
•	[[Mto Emso]]
•	[[Mto Enbenye]]
•	[[Mto Endo]]
•	[[Mto Endogh]]
•	[[Mto Enopogh]]
•	[[Mto Enumpapa]]
•	[[Mto Epuryamudang]]
•	[[Mto Eron]]
•	[[Mto Erron]]
•	[[Mto Etebusait]]
•	[[Mto Etionin]]
•	[[Mto Gachiengur]]
•	[[Mto Ganathawaole]]
•	[[Mto Gateruk]]
•	[[Mto Gochobolok]]
•	[[Mto Goisoi]]
•	[[Mto Gurgur]]
•	[[Mto Habokok]]
•	[[Mto Iang]]
•	[[Mto Ikalotonyang]]
•	[[Mto Ineletum]]
•	[[Mto Iryionomoch]]
•	[[Mto Jaban]]
•	[[Mto Kaabilikeret]]
•	[[Mto Kaabole]]
•	[[Mto Kaakwor]]
•	[[Mto Kaaling]]
•	[[Mto Kaangole]]
•	[[Mto Kaapus]]
•	[[Mto Kaaronikagiete]]
•	[[Mto Kaawat]]
•	[[Mto Kabanyet]]
•	[[Mto Kabarait]]
•	[[Mto Kabelangole]]
•	[[Mto Kabokuli]]
•	[[Mto Kabwangederr]]
•	[[Mto Kabyen]]
•	[[Mto Kachakarimoch]]
•	[[Mto Kachalakin]]
•	[[Mto Kachar]]
•	[[Mto Kachoda]]
•	[[Mto Kachoke]]
•	[[Mto Kachuro Mongin]]
•	[[Mto Kadingetom]]
•	[[Mto Kadoupokimak]]
•	[[Mto Kaekalkiryon]]
•	[[Mto Kaekudokol]]
•	[[Mto Kaemasekin]]
•	[[Mto Kaeri Akak]]
•	[[Mto Kaetako]]
•	[[Mto Kagiro]]
•	[[Mto Kai-Ekongo]]
•	[[Mto Kaiboni]]
•	[[Mto Kaichom]]
•	[[Mto Kaiechech]]
•	[[Mto Kaiegilai]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekoropus]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyang]]
•	[[Mto Kaiekunyuk]]
•	[[Mto Kaiemute]]
•	[[Mto Kaikirr]]
•	[[Mto Kaikoba]]
•	[[Mto Kaikor]]
•	[[Mto Kaimo]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangakok]]
•	[[Mto Kainyangalok]]
•	[[Mto Kaiothin]]
•	[[Mto Kaitakalchwel]]
•	[[Mto Kaitio]]
•	[[Mto Kajukujuk]]
•	[[Mto Kakalel]]
•	[[Mto Kakedmosing]]
•	[[Mto Kakelai]]
•	[[Mto Kakiporomwoi]]
•	[[Mto Kakore]]
•	[[Mto Kakumio]]
•	[[Mto Kakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kakuroetom]]
•	[[Mto Kakwe]]
•	[[Kalabata (mto)|Mto Kalabata]]
•	[[Mto Kalabata (korongo la Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kalachir]]
•	[[Mto Kalain]]
•	[[Mto Kalakol]]
•	[[Mto Kalatum]]
•	[[Mto Kalempus]]
•	[[Mto Kalewa]]
•	[[Mto Kalimarok]]
•	[[Mto Kalimhaun]]
•	[[Mto Kalochoro]]
•	[[Mto Kalokerith]]
•	[[Mto Kalokhole]]
•	[[Mto Kalokodo]]
•	[[Mto Kalokoel]]
•	[[Mto Kalokopirr]]
•	[[Mto Kalonyangkori]]
•	[[Mto Kalopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kaloponogole]]
•	[[Mto Kalorith]]
•	[[Mto Kalorukongole]]
•	[[Mto Kalosia]]
•	[[Mto Kalotiman]]
•	[[Mto Kalotumokoi]]
•	[[Mto Kaloyapamugie]]
•	[[Mto Kamarethi]]
•	[[Mto Kamarlei]]
•	[[Mto Kamila (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Kamodo]]
•	[[Mto Kamogoro]]
•	[[Mto Kamuma]]
•	[[Mto Kanaiki]]
•	[[Mto Kanaki]]
•	[[Mto Kanamukuin]]
•	[[Mto Kanangor]]
•	[[Mto Kanaodon]]
•	[[Mto Kanaro]]
•	[[Mto Kanathuwat]]
•	[[Mto Kang'wak]]
•	[[Mto Kangachin]]
•	[[Mto Kangaki]]
•	[[Mto Kangakurio]]
•	[[Mto Kangalemo]]
•	[[Mto Kangebet]]
•	[[Mto Kangetet (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kangibenyoi]]
•	[[Mto Kangimedr]]
•	[[Mto Kangisirite]]
•	[[Mto Kangoli]]
•	[[Mto Kanguwapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kanigiyum]]
•	[[Mto Kanugurumeri]]
•	[[Mto Kanyangareng]]
•	[[Mto Kao (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kapchebu]]
•	[[Mto Kapchepgero]]
•	[[Mto Kapelikori]]
•	[[Mto Kaperarengam]]
•	[[Mto Kapeta]]
•	[[Mto Kapim]]
•	[[Mto Kapkobe]]
•	[[Mto Kapleel]]
•	[[Mto Kapsang]]
•	[[Mto Kaptarit]]
•	[[Mto Kapua]]
•	[[Mto Karamuroi]]
•	[[Mto Kare-Kapakalem]]
•	[[Mto Kareburr]]
•	[[Mto Karkal]]
•	[[Mto Karubangorok]]
•	[[Mto Karunkyukuri]]
•	[[Mto Kasaguru]]
•	[[Mto Kataboi]]
•	[[Mto Kateruk]]
•	[[Mto Kathunguru]]
•	[[Mto Katik]]
•	[[Mto Katikithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Katiko]]
•	[[Mto Katirikiki]]
•	[[Mto Katirr]]
•	[[Mto Katmerit]]
•	[[Mto Katupe]]
•	[[Mto Kaupa]]
•	[[Mto Kauriong']]
•	[[Mto Kauriung]]
•	[[Mto Kawala (Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathe]]
•	[[Mto Kawalathi]]
•	[[Mto Kawianguli]]
•	[[Mto Kayekongai]]
•	[[Mto Keesigiria]]
•	[[Mto Kemaguriat]]
•	[[Kerio (korongo)|Mto Kerio (korongo)]]
•	[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]]
•	[[Mto Keris]]
•	[[Mto Keritunet]]
•	[[Mto Keryemeryeme]]
•	[[Mto Kesok]]
•	[[Mto Kianantuing]]
•	[[Mto Kibaas]]
•	[[Mto Kibaino]]
•	[[Mto Kibereget]]
•	[[Mto Kibiemit]]
•	[[Mto Kiblabot]]
•	[[Mto Kiken]]
•	[[Mto Kimaguhir]]
•	[[Mto Kinoinoi]]
•	[[Mto Kipkanyilat]]
•	[[Mto Kipsang]]
•	[[Mto Kipsiwara]]
•	[[Mto Kiptalyung]]
•	[[Mto Kiptunol]]
•	[[Mto Kirumbopso]]
•	[[Mto Kobothan]]
•	[[Mto Kochar]]
•	[[Mto Kochodin]]
•	[[Mto Kochokio]]
•	[[Mto Kochuch]]
•	[[Mto Koduaran]]
•	[[Mto Kogene]]
•	[[Mto Kokiselei]]
•	[[Mto Kokithelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokolopit]]
•	[[Mto Kokoten]]
•	[[Mto Kokothelei]]
•	[[Mto Kokothowa]]
•	[[Mto Kokure]]
•	[[Mto Kolok]]
•	[[Mto Kolomokori]]
•	[[Mto Kolonyadarsh]]
•	[[Mto Komakatae]]
•	[[Mto Komen Angalio]]
•	[[Mto Komocheri]]
•	[[Mto Kopatia]]
•	[[Mto Kopedo]]
•	[[Mto Kopeto]]
•	[[Mto Kopuai]]
•	[[Mto Kordei]]
•	[[Mto Korinyang]]
•	[[Mto Kortokoil]]
•	[[Mto Kosibirr]]
•	[[Mto Kotaruk]]
•	[[Mto Kothiai]]
•	[[Mto Kotome]]
•	[[Mto Kunyao]]
•	[[Mto Kurumboni]]
•	[[Mto Lachoa Achila]]
•	[[Mto Laga Sapari]]
•	[[Mto Laga Tulu-Bor]]
•	[[Mto Laisamis]]
•	[[Mto Laminkwais]]
•	[[Mto Lawawet]]
•	[[Mto Lazuli]]
•	[[Mto Lelean]]
•	[[Mto Lenchukuti]]
•	[[Mto Let]]
•	[[Mto Loarengak]]
•	[[Mto Lobokat]]
•	[[Mto Loborio]]
•	[[Mto Loburet]]
•	[[Mto Lochan]]
•	[[Mto Locharakhiang]]
•	[[Mto Locheremoit]]
•	[[Mto Lochil]]
•	[[Mto Lochore-Angdapala]]
•	[[Mto Lochoro]]
•	[[Mto Lochurututu]]
•	[[Mto Lochwai]]
•	[[Mto Loge]]
•	[[Mto Logogo]]
•	[[Mto Logum]]
•	[[Mto Loitan]]
•	[[Mto Loiya]]
•	[[Mto Lokalale]]
•	[[Mto Lokapetemoi]]
•	[[Mto Lokedule]]
•	[[Mto Loketi]]
•	[[Mto Lokhosinyakhori]]
•	[[Mto Lokichar]]
•	[[Mto Lokidongo]]
•	[[Mto Lokimyel]]
•	[[Mto Lokiporrangithikiria]]
•	[[Mto Lokirikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokitoinyala]]
•	[[Mto Lokomoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokoparaparai]]
•	[[Mto Lokopel]]
•	[[Mto Lokore]]
•	[[Mto Lokorikipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokosima-ekori]]
•	[[Mto Lokucho]]
•	[[Mto Lokuso]]
•	[[Mto Lokwakipi]]
•	[[Mto Lokwamur]]
•	[[Mto Lokwanamoru]]
•	[[Mto Lokwathinyon]]
•	[[Mto Lokwatubwa]]
•	[[Mto Lolii]]
•	[[Mto Lolim]]
•	[[Mto Lolmorton]]
•	[[Mto Lomeiyen]]
•	[[Mto Lomekwi]]
•	[[Mto Lomelo]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyan-Akirichok]]
•	[[Mto Lomunyenakwan]]
•	[[Mto Lomuryamuge]]
•	[[Mto Long'enya]]
•	[[Mto Longeleiya]]
•	[[Mto Longinya]]
•	[[Mto Loochuk]]
•	[[Mto Loolimo]]
•	[[Mto Loolung]]
•	[[Mto Loparokowayen]]
•	[[Mto Loperichich]]
•	[[Mto Lopiripira]]
•	[[Mto Lopotwa]]
•	[[Mto Lopuroto]]
•	[[Mto Loreng]]
•	[[Mto Lorengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Lorugumu]]
•       [[Mto Lotepakiru]]
•	[[Mto Lothajait]]
•	[[Mto Lotiman]]
•	[[Mto Lotirai]]
•	[[Mto Lotongot]]
•	[[Mto Lotukales]]
•	[[Mto Lowotha]]
•	[[Mto Lowoyegweli]]
•	[[Mto Loya]]
•	[[Mto Loyai Engole]]
•	[[Mto Lukwakore]]
•	[[Mto Luturut]]
•	[[Mto Macheremowe]]
•	[[Mto Makurinya]]
•	[[Mto Malmalte]]
•	[[Mto Mamchor]]
•	[[Mto Mamponich]]
•	[[Mto Marchaui]]
•	[[Mto Maricha]]
•	[[Mto Marie Mokale]]
•	[[Mto Marin]]
•	[[Mto Marso]]
•	[[Mto Marun]]
•	[[Mto Masei]]
•	[[Mto Mboo Sangarao]]
•	[[Mto Mindi]]
•	[[Mto Mkorwa]]
•	[[Mto Mogorua]]
•	[[Mto Moinoi]]
•	[[Mto Monti]]
•	[[Mto Morok]]
•	[[Mto Mortorth]]
•	[[Mto Mugurr]]
•	[[Mto Munyen]]
•	[[Mto Munyen (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Murua Nyaap]]
•	[[Mto Murukirion]]
•	[[Mto Musgut]]
•	[[Mto Naalimatumak]]
•	[[Mto Nabar]]
•	[[Mto Nabelete Akoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabergoit]]
•	[[Mto Nabukut]]
•	[[Mto Nabwalekorot]]
•	[[Mto Nachalal]]
•	[[Mto Nachedet]]
•	[[Mto Nachoo]]
•	[[Mto Nachukui]]
•	[[Mto Nachurokaali]]
•	[[Mto Nadopua]]
•	[[Mto Naedakal]]
•	[[Mto Naekitoenyala]]
•	[[Mto Naeyepunetebu]]
•	[[Mto Nagaramoroi]]
•	[[Mto Nagitokonok]]
•	[[Mto Nagola]]
•	[[Mto Nagomolkipik]]
•	[[Mto Nagum Napala]]
•	[[Mto Naichetarukoin]]
•	[[Mto Naijokore]]
•	[[Mto Nairepon]]
•	[[Mto Naitangro]]
•	[[Mto Naithilum]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Angilimo]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Aregae]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Ekalale]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Enyathanait]]
•	[[Mto Naiyena Kabaran]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenaelim]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Atulela]]
•	[[Mto Naiyenai Kororon]]
•	[[Mto Nakabothan]]
•	[[Mto Nakadongot]]
•	[[Mto Nakalalai]]
•	[[Mto Nakalale (korongo)]]
•	[[Mto Nakapeliowoi]]
•	[[Mto Nakaterretai]]
•	[[Mto Nakaton]]
•	[[Mto Nakatoni]]
•	[[Mto Nakauron]]
•	[[Mto Nakayot]]
•	[[Mto Nakejuamothing]]
•	[[Mto Nakeridan]]
•	[[Mto Nakerikan]]
•	[[Mto Nakeroman]]
•	[[Mto Nakilima]]
•	[[Mto Nakilowonok]]
•	[[Mto Nakipomye]]
•	[[Mto Nakito-Konon]]
•	[[Mto Nakitonguro]]
•	[[Mto Nakoret]]
•	[[Mto Nakuijit]]
•	[[Mto Nakurio]]
•	[[Mto Nakuwotom]]
•	[[Mto Nakwakal]]
•	[[Mto Nakwamosing]]
•	[[Mto Nakwee]]
•	[[Mto Nakwehe]]
•	[[Mto Nakwei]]
•	[[Mto Nalepet]]
•	[[Mto Nalibamun]]
•	[[Mto Namaniko]]
•	[[Mto Namejanit]]
•	[[Mto Nameturan]]
•	[[Mto Namuroi]]
•	[[Mto Nanamakali]]
•	[[Mto Nangamanat]]
•	[[Mto Nanukor]]
•	[[Mto Naoiatuba]]
•	[[Mto Naoiyapie]]
•	[[Mto Naon]]
•	[[Mto Napas]]
•	[[Mto Napaton]]
•	[[Mto Napeichom]]
•	[[Mto Napeitanit]]
•	[[Mto Napeitau]]
•	[[Mto Napiot]]
•	[[Mto Naporoto]]
•	[[Mto Napow]]
•	[[Mto Narengmor]]
•	[[Mto Nariokotome]]
•	[[Mto Narodi]]
•	[[Mto Narototin]]
•	[[Mto Narubu]]
•	[[Mto Nasorr]]
•	[[Mto Natapara]]
•	[[Mto Nathagait]]
•	[[Mto Nathekuna]]
•	[[Mto Nathura]]
•	[[Mto Nathuruken]]
•	[[Mto Natieket]]
•	[[Mto Natir]]
•	[[Mto Natira (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Natome]]
•	[[Mto Natoo]]
•	[[Mto Natudau]]
•	[[Mto Natumamong]]
•	[[Mto Nauruto]]
•	[[Mto Nawakiring]]
•	[[Mto Nawaton]]
•	[[Mto Nawoiaekalale]]
•	[[Mto Nayanae Koorin]]
•	[[Mto Nderemon]]
•	[[Mto Ngakile]]
•	[[Mto Ngatagoin]]
•	[[Mto Ngilimo]]
•	[[Mto Ngipurryo]]
•	[[Mto Ngiputire]]
•	[[Mto Ngirengo]]
•	[[Mto Ngombei]]
•	[[Mto Ngrombwe]]
•	[[Mto Nguapet]]
•	[[Mto Nguruthio]]
•	[[Mto Ninyit]]
•	[[Mto Nitelejor]]
•	[[Mto Niteleyo]]
•	[[Mto Nyaparei]]
•	[[Mto Nyikim]]
•	[[Mto Okilim]]
•	[[Mto Oleyapare]]
•	[[Mto Orengaloup]]
•	[[Mto Oropoi]]
•	[[Mto Pechipet]]
•	[[Mto Perekon]]
•	[[Mto Pesik]]
•	[[Mto Pongung]]
•	[[Mto Pulichon]]
•	[[Mto Reberwa]]
•	[[Mto Riritian]]
•	[[Mto Rogoch]]
•	[[Mto Sagat]]
•	[[Mto Samakitok]]
•	[[Mto Samuke]]
•	[[Mto Sasame]]
•	[[Mto Sebit]]
•	[[Mto Sergoi (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sergothwa]]
•	[[Mto Seruach]]
•	[[Mto Siga (West Pokot)]]
•	[[Mto Sikawa]]
•	[[Mto Sinjo]]
•	[[Mto Siwa]]
•	[[Mto Sostin]]
•	[[Mto Sowayan]]
•	[[Mto Suam]]
•	[[Mto Suguta (Kenya)]]
•	[[Mto Tamabero]]
•	[[Mto Tamass]]
•	[[Mto Tamogh]]
•	[[Mto Tangasia]]
•	[[Mto Terik]]
•	[[Mto Thapet]]
•	[[Mto Thoro]]
•	[[Mto Tindarr]]
•	[[Mto Tirken]]
•	[[Mto Tiya]]
•	[[Mto Toperrnawi]]
•	[[Mto Torok]]
•	[[Mto Tugha]]
•	[[Mto Turkwel]]
•	[[Mto Tusa (ziwa Turkana)]]
•	[[Mto Tutuwei]]
•	[[Mto Uluguthe]]
•	[[Mto Wei Wei]]
•	[[Mto Yemenin]]
•	[[Mto Yeptos]]

===Kutoka Uganda===
Mito ifuatayo kutoka [[Uganda]] inachangia pia ziwa Turkana kupitia Kenya: [[Mto Arionomunyen]], [[Mto Chosan]], [[Mto Ekiringura]], [[Mto Kacholese]], [[Mto Kalodurr]], [[Mto Kalopomongole]], [[Mto Kanyagareng]], [[Mto Komongim]], [[Mto Koromoich]], [[Mto Laburin]], [[mto Lobuloyin]], [[Mto Lochorakwangen]], [[Mto Lodias]], [[Mto Loitabela]], [[Mto Lomapus]], [[Mto Lopedot]], [[Mto Naakot]], [[Mto Nabunei]], [[Mto Nakakerikeri]], [[Mto Nakalale]], [[Mto Nakatuman]], [[Mto Namusio]], [[Mto Nangolipia]], [[Mto Natire]], [[Mto Naunyet]], [[Mto Nauyagum]], [[Mto Onogin]] na [[Mto Otiko]].

===Kutoka Sudan Kusini===
Mito mingine inayochangia ziwa hilo inaanzia [[Sudan Kusini]], hasa [[mto Kibish]].

==Marejeo==
{{Marejeo}}

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]
{{Maziwa ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya|Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Turkana| ]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya chumvi]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Marsabit]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Turkana]]
[[Jamii:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>22rhnqzs7ejwf7zl9jjiuyx5f5plqwy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ziwa Albert (Afrika)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>34539</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576615</id>
      <parentid>1377572</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T23:05:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576615</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4285" sha1="s4oojpxfc6teaczxi8kmw2ektibv56l" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox_lake
 |lake_name = Ziwa Albert
 |image_lake = Lake Albert (Uganda) (NASA).jpg
 |caption_lake = 2002 [[NASA]] [[MODIS]] satellite picture. The dotted grey line is the border between [[Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Congo (DRC)]] (left) and [[Uganda]] (right).
 |image_bathymetry =
 |caption_bathymetry =
 |coords = {{coord|1|41|N|30|55|E|type:waterbody|display=inline,title}}
 |type =
 |inflow = [[Victoria Nile]]
 |outflow = [[Albert Nile]]
 |catchment = 
 |basin_countries = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Uganda]]
 |length = 160 km
 |width = 30 km
 |area = 5,300 km²
 |depth = 25 m
 |max-depth = 58 m
 |volume = 132 km³&lt;ref name=asdf/&gt;
 |shore = 
 |elevation = 615 m
 |islands = 
 |cities = [[Butiaba]], [[Pakwach]]
 |reference = &lt;ref name=asdf&gt;[http://seaviewrealty.org/about-egyptian-real-estate-property-red-sea/?aID=21 The Nile]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
{{otheruses2|Lake Albert}}
'''Ziwa Albert''' - pia '''Albert''' '''Nyanza''', '''Ziwa Mwitanzige''', na zamani kwa miaka michache '''Ziwa Mobutu Sese Seko''' - ni moja ya [[maziwa makubwa ya Afrika]]. Ni [[ziwa]] kubwa la [[saba]] katika [[Afrika]], likiwa na nafasi ya [[ishirini na saba]] kwa ukubwa katika [[ulimwengu]] mzima.
[[Picha:Albert Lake (7068054469).jpg|thumb|twiga pembeni ya ziwa Albert]]
[[Picha:Lake Albert Channel, Uganda (15192094327).jpg|thumb|chaneli mojawapo ya ziwa albert]]
[[Picha:Early Ferry, Uganda (15198353996).jpg|thumb|kivuko cha mwanzoni]]
== Jiografia ==
Ziwa Albert liko katikati ya [[bara]], juu ya mpaka kati ya [[Uganda]] na [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] (zamani [[Zaire]]). Liko [[kaskazini]] katika mlolongo wa maziwa wa [[Bonde la Ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki]]. 

Lina [[urefu]] wa [[km]] 160 ([[mi]] 100), [[upana]] wa km 30(mi 19), na [[kina]] upeo wa [[m]] 51 ([[ft]] 168), na [[mwinuko]] wa m 619 (ft 2.030) juu ya [[usawa wa bahari]].

Ziwa Albert ni sehemu ya mfumo mgumu wa [[mto Nile]] wa juu. [[Chanzo (mto)|Vyanzo]] vyake vikuu ni [[Nile ya Viktoria]] hatimaye kutoka [[Ziwa Victoria]] hadi [[kusini]] [[mashariki]], na [[mto Semliki]], ambao hutoka [[Ziwa Edward]] hadi kusini [[magharibi]]. [[Maji]] ya [[Nile ya Viktoria]] yana [[chumvi]] kiasi kuliko yale ya Ziwa Albert. Mlango wake, katika ncha ya [[kaskazini]] ya ziwa, ni [[Nile ya Albert]] (ambayo huwa inajulikana kama [[Mlima Nile]] wakati inaingia [[Sudan]]).

[[Picha:Rivers and lakes of Uganda.png|thumb|250px|left|Mito na maziwa ya Uganda. Bonyeza ili kupanua picha.]]
Katika mwisho wa kusini wa ziwa, ambapo Semliki huingilia, kuna [[vinamasi]]. Katika kusini kuna [[mlima]] wa [[Ruwenzori]] wakati anuwai ya milima iitwayo [[Blue Mountains]] iko katika [[pwani]] ya kaskazini magharibi. Makazi machache yaliyo kando ni [[Butiaba]] na [[Pakwach]].

==Sifa za maji==
Tofauti na Ziwa lenye kina kirefu sana la Malawi, Ziwa Tanganyika na Ziwa Kivu, halijoto ya maji ya Ziwa Albert ni shwari kotekote, kwa kawaida karibu nyuzi 27–29 °C (81–84 °F), na hata sehemu zake za kina zaidi zina oksijeni.

== Historia ==
Katika [[mwaka]] wa [[1864]], ndio wakati [[Samuel Baker]] alipogundua ziwa hili, akalipatia [[jina]] la aliyeachwa [[Mfalme Albert]], na [[mke]] wake [[Malkia Victoria]]. [[Rais]] wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Mobutu Sese Seko]], kwa muda mfupi alilipatia ziwa hili jina lake.

[[Heritage Oil]] na [[Tullow Oil]] zimetangaza eneo kuu la [[mafuta]] katika [[bonde]] la Ziwa Albert, pamoja na makadirio ya kwamba eneo hili la mabilioni litakuwa eneo kubwa la mafuta katika Afrika [[kusini kwa Sahara]] kwa zaidi ya miaka [[ishirini]].

== Tanbihi ==
{{reflist}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
* [http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM Shirika la Kilimo na Chakula la Umoja wa Mataifa] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM |date=20080314015746 }}
* [http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html Maziwa dunia katika kiingilio cha Ziwa Albert katika kumbukumbu ya dunia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html |date=20081013080823 }}
* [http://allafrica.com/stories/200708241084.html]
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}
{{maziwa ya Uganda}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:ziwa Mwitanzige]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Uganda]]
[[Jamii:Nile]]</text>
      <sha1>s4oojpxfc6teaczxi8kmw2ektibv56l</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576616</id>
      <parentid>1576615</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T23:08:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza paragraph</comment>
      <origin>1576616</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4463" sha1="bwn4ar1fd3mx8p4ko2ih00mb1y9gl6m" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox_lake
 |lake_name = Ziwa Albert
 |image_lake = Lake Albert (Uganda) (NASA).jpg
 |caption_lake = 2002 [[NASA]] [[MODIS]] satellite picture. The dotted grey line is the border between [[Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Congo (DRC)]] (left) and [[Uganda]] (right).
 |image_bathymetry =
 |caption_bathymetry =
 |coords = {{coord|1|41|N|30|55|E|type:waterbody|display=inline,title}}
 |type =
 |inflow = [[Victoria Nile]]
 |outflow = [[Albert Nile]]
 |catchment = 
 |basin_countries = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Uganda]]
 |length = 160 km
 |width = 30 km
 |area = 5,300 km²
 |depth = 25 m
 |max-depth = 58 m
 |volume = 132 km³&lt;ref name=asdf/&gt;
 |shore = 
 |elevation = 615 m
 |islands = 
 |cities = [[Butiaba]], [[Pakwach]]
 |reference = &lt;ref name=asdf&gt;[http://seaviewrealty.org/about-egyptian-real-estate-property-red-sea/?aID=21 The Nile]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
{{otheruses2|Lake Albert}}
'''Ziwa Albert''' - pia '''Albert''' '''Nyanza''', '''Ziwa Mwitanzige''', na zamani kwa miaka michache '''Ziwa Mobutu Sese Seko''' - ni moja ya [[maziwa makubwa ya Afrika]]. Ni [[ziwa]] kubwa la [[saba]] katika [[Afrika]], likiwa na nafasi ya [[ishirini na saba]] kwa ukubwa katika [[ulimwengu]] mzima.
[[Picha:Albert Lake (7068054469).jpg|thumb|twiga pembeni ya ziwa Albert]]
[[Picha:Lake Albert Channel, Uganda (15192094327).jpg|thumb|chaneli mojawapo ya ziwa albert]]
[[Picha:Early Ferry, Uganda (15198353996).jpg|thumb|kivuko cha mwanzoni]]
== Jiografia ==
Ziwa Albert liko katikati ya [[bara]], juu ya mpaka kati ya [[Uganda]] na [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] (zamani [[Zaire]]). Liko [[kaskazini]] katika mlolongo wa maziwa wa [[Bonde la Ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki]]. 

Lina [[urefu]] wa [[km]] 160 ([[mi]] 100), [[upana]] wa km 30(mi 19), na [[kina]] upeo wa [[m]] 51 ([[ft]] 168), na [[mwinuko]] wa m 619 (ft 2.030) juu ya [[usawa wa bahari]].

Ziwa Albert ni sehemu ya mfumo mgumu wa [[mto Nile]] wa juu. [[Chanzo (mto)|Vyanzo]] vyake vikuu ni [[Nile ya Viktoria]] hatimaye kutoka [[Ziwa Victoria]] hadi [[kusini]] [[mashariki]], na [[mto Semliki]], ambao hutoka [[Ziwa Edward]] hadi kusini [[magharibi]]. [[Maji]] ya [[Nile ya Viktoria]] yana [[chumvi]] kiasi kuliko yale ya Ziwa Albert. Mlango wake, katika ncha ya [[kaskazini]] ya ziwa, ni [[Nile ya Albert]] (ambayo huwa inajulikana kama [[Mlima Nile]] wakati inaingia [[Sudan]]).

[[Picha:Rivers and lakes of Uganda.png|thumb|250px|left|Mito na maziwa ya Uganda. Bonyeza ili kupanua picha.]]
Katika mwisho wa kusini wa ziwa, ambapo Semliki huingilia, kuna [[vinamasi]]. Katika kusini kuna [[mlima]] wa [[Ruwenzori]] wakati anuwai ya milima iitwayo [[Blue Mountains]] iko katika [[pwani]] ya kaskazini magharibi. Makazi machache yaliyo kando ni [[Butiaba]] na [[Pakwach]].

==Sifa za maji==
Tofauti na Ziwa lenye kina kirefu sana la Malawi, Ziwa Tanganyika na Ziwa Kivu, halijoto ya maji ya Ziwa Albert ni shwari kotekote, kwa kawaida karibu nyuzi 27–29 °C (81–84 °F), na hata sehemu zake za kina zaidi zina oksijeni.

Maji yana pH ya karibu au chini kidogo ya 9 na upitishaji wa umeme wa karibu 720-780 μS/cm. Hizi zote mbili ni za juu sana kwa ziwa la maji safi lakini ni chini ya Ziwa Edward

== Historia ==
Katika [[mwaka]] wa [[1864]], ndio wakati [[Samuel Baker]] alipogundua ziwa hili, akalipatia [[jina]] la aliyeachwa [[Mfalme Albert]], na [[mke]] wake [[Malkia Victoria]]. [[Rais]] wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Mobutu Sese Seko]], kwa muda mfupi alilipatia ziwa hili jina lake.

[[Heritage Oil]] na [[Tullow Oil]] zimetangaza eneo kuu la [[mafuta]] katika [[bonde]] la Ziwa Albert, pamoja na makadirio ya kwamba eneo hili la mabilioni litakuwa eneo kubwa la mafuta katika Afrika [[kusini kwa Sahara]] kwa zaidi ya miaka [[ishirini]].

== Tanbihi ==
{{reflist}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
* [http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM Shirika la Kilimo na Chakula la Umoja wa Mataifa] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM |date=20080314015746 }}
* [http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html Maziwa dunia katika kiingilio cha Ziwa Albert katika kumbukumbu ya dunia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html |date=20081013080823 }}
* [http://allafrica.com/stories/200708241084.html]
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}
{{maziwa ya Uganda}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:ziwa Mwitanzige]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Uganda]]
[[Jamii:Nile]]</text>
      <sha1>bwn4ar1fd3mx8p4ko2ih00mb1y9gl6m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576617</id>
      <parentid>1576616</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T23:13:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Sifa za maji */</comment>
      <origin>1576617</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4493" sha1="j0h746h9i8dk66es515fw50l7t6wfbe" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox_lake
 |lake_name = Ziwa Albert
 |image_lake = Lake Albert (Uganda) (NASA).jpg
 |caption_lake = 2002 [[NASA]] [[MODIS]] satellite picture. The dotted grey line is the border between [[Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Congo (DRC)]] (left) and [[Uganda]] (right).
 |image_bathymetry =
 |caption_bathymetry =
 |coords = {{coord|1|41|N|30|55|E|type:waterbody|display=inline,title}}
 |type =
 |inflow = [[Victoria Nile]]
 |outflow = [[Albert Nile]]
 |catchment = 
 |basin_countries = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Uganda]]
 |length = 160 km
 |width = 30 km
 |area = 5,300 km²
 |depth = 25 m
 |max-depth = 58 m
 |volume = 132 km³&lt;ref name=asdf/&gt;
 |shore = 
 |elevation = 615 m
 |islands = 
 |cities = [[Butiaba]], [[Pakwach]]
 |reference = &lt;ref name=asdf&gt;[http://seaviewrealty.org/about-egyptian-real-estate-property-red-sea/?aID=21 The Nile]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
{{otheruses2|Lake Albert}}
'''Ziwa Albert''' - pia '''Albert''' '''Nyanza''', '''Ziwa Mwitanzige''', na zamani kwa miaka michache '''Ziwa Mobutu Sese Seko''' - ni moja ya [[maziwa makubwa ya Afrika]]. Ni [[ziwa]] kubwa la [[saba]] katika [[Afrika]], likiwa na nafasi ya [[ishirini na saba]] kwa ukubwa katika [[ulimwengu]] mzima.
[[Picha:Albert Lake (7068054469).jpg|thumb|twiga pembeni ya ziwa Albert]]
[[Picha:Lake Albert Channel, Uganda (15192094327).jpg|thumb|chaneli mojawapo ya ziwa albert]]
[[Picha:Early Ferry, Uganda (15198353996).jpg|thumb|kivuko cha mwanzoni]]
== Jiografia ==
Ziwa Albert liko katikati ya [[bara]], juu ya mpaka kati ya [[Uganda]] na [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] (zamani [[Zaire]]). Liko [[kaskazini]] katika mlolongo wa maziwa wa [[Bonde la Ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki]]. 

Lina [[urefu]] wa [[km]] 160 ([[mi]] 100), [[upana]] wa km 30(mi 19), na [[kina]] upeo wa [[m]] 51 ([[ft]] 168), na [[mwinuko]] wa m 619 (ft 2.030) juu ya [[usawa wa bahari]].

Ziwa Albert ni sehemu ya mfumo mgumu wa [[mto Nile]] wa juu. [[Chanzo (mto)|Vyanzo]] vyake vikuu ni [[Nile ya Viktoria]] hatimaye kutoka [[Ziwa Victoria]] hadi [[kusini]] [[mashariki]], na [[mto Semliki]], ambao hutoka [[Ziwa Edward]] hadi kusini [[magharibi]]. [[Maji]] ya [[Nile ya Viktoria]] yana [[chumvi]] kiasi kuliko yale ya Ziwa Albert. Mlango wake, katika ncha ya [[kaskazini]] ya ziwa, ni [[Nile ya Albert]] (ambayo huwa inajulikana kama [[Mlima Nile]] wakati inaingia [[Sudan]]).

[[Picha:Rivers and lakes of Uganda.png|thumb|250px|left|Mito na maziwa ya Uganda. Bonyeza ili kupanua picha.]]
Katika mwisho wa kusini wa ziwa, ambapo Semliki huingilia, kuna [[vinamasi]]. Katika kusini kuna [[mlima]] wa [[Ruwenzori]] wakati anuwai ya milima iitwayo [[Blue Mountains]] iko katika [[pwani]] ya kaskazini magharibi. Makazi machache yaliyo kando ni [[Butiaba]] na [[Pakwach]].

==Sifa za maji==
Tofauti na Ziwa lenye kina kirefu sana la Malawi, [[Tanganyika (ziwa)|Ziwa Tanganyika]] na [[Ziwa Kivu]], halijoto ya maji ya Ziwa Albert ni shwari kotekote, kwa kawaida karibu nyuzi 27–29 °C (81–84 °F), na hata sehemu zake za kina zaidi zina oksijeni.

Maji yana pH ya karibu au chini kidogo ya 9 na upitishaji wa [[umeme]] wa karibu 720-780 μS/cm. Hizi zote mbili ni za juu sana kwa ziwa la maji safi lakini ni chini ya Ziwa Edward

== Historia ==
Katika [[mwaka]] wa [[1864]], ndio wakati [[Samuel Baker]] alipogundua ziwa hili, akalipatia [[jina]] la aliyeachwa [[Mfalme Albert]], na [[mke]] wake [[Malkia Victoria]]. [[Rais]] wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Mobutu Sese Seko]], kwa muda mfupi alilipatia ziwa hili jina lake.

[[Heritage Oil]] na [[Tullow Oil]] zimetangaza eneo kuu la [[mafuta]] katika [[bonde]] la Ziwa Albert, pamoja na makadirio ya kwamba eneo hili la mabilioni litakuwa eneo kubwa la mafuta katika Afrika [[kusini kwa Sahara]] kwa zaidi ya miaka [[ishirini]].

== Tanbihi ==
{{reflist}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
* [http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM Shirika la Kilimo na Chakula la Umoja wa Mataifa] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM |date=20080314015746 }}
* [http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html Maziwa dunia katika kiingilio cha Ziwa Albert katika kumbukumbu ya dunia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html |date=20081013080823 }}
* [http://allafrica.com/stories/200708241084.html]
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}
{{maziwa ya Uganda}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:ziwa Mwitanzige]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Uganda]]
[[Jamii:Nile]]</text>
      <sha1>j0h746h9i8dk66es515fw50l7t6wfbe</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576618</id>
      <parentid>1576617</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T23:16:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576618</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4826" sha1="bf4cms2alqo1oh3zyy0d5506cljqqpn" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox_lake
 |lake_name = Ziwa Albert
 |image_lake = Lake Albert (Uganda) (NASA).jpg
 |caption_lake = 2002 [[NASA]] [[MODIS]] satellite picture. The dotted grey line is the border between [[Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Congo (DRC)]] (left) and [[Uganda]] (right).
 |image_bathymetry =
 |caption_bathymetry =
 |coords = {{coord|1|41|N|30|55|E|type:waterbody|display=inline,title}}
 |type =
 |inflow = [[Victoria Nile]]
 |outflow = [[Albert Nile]]
 |catchment = 
 |basin_countries = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Uganda]]
 |length = 160 km
 |width = 30 km
 |area = 5,300 km²
 |depth = 25 m
 |max-depth = 58 m
 |volume = 132 km³&lt;ref name=asdf/&gt;
 |shore = 
 |elevation = 615 m
 |islands = 
 |cities = [[Butiaba]], [[Pakwach]]
 |reference = &lt;ref name=asdf&gt;[http://seaviewrealty.org/about-egyptian-real-estate-property-red-sea/?aID=21 The Nile]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
{{otheruses2|Lake Albert}}
'''Ziwa Albert''' - pia '''Albert''' '''Nyanza''', '''Ziwa Mwitanzige''', na zamani kwa miaka michache '''Ziwa Mobutu Sese Seko''' - ni moja ya [[maziwa makubwa ya Afrika]]. Ni [[ziwa]] kubwa la [[saba]] katika [[Afrika]], likiwa na nafasi ya [[ishirini na saba]] kwa ukubwa katika [[ulimwengu]] mzima.
[[Picha:Albert Lake (7068054469).jpg|thumb|twiga pembeni ya ziwa Albert]]
[[Picha:Lake Albert Channel, Uganda (15192094327).jpg|thumb|chaneli mojawapo ya ziwa albert]]
[[Picha:Early Ferry, Uganda (15198353996).jpg|thumb|kivuko cha mwanzoni]]
== Jiografia ==
Ziwa Albert liko katikati ya [[bara]], juu ya mpaka kati ya [[Uganda]] na [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] (zamani [[Zaire]]). Liko [[kaskazini]] katika mlolongo wa maziwa wa [[Bonde la Ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki]]. 

Lina [[urefu]] wa [[km]] 160 ([[mi]] 100), [[upana]] wa km 30(mi 19), na [[kina]] upeo wa [[m]] 51 ([[ft]] 168), na [[mwinuko]] wa m 619 (ft 2.030) juu ya [[usawa wa bahari]].

Ziwa Albert ni sehemu ya mfumo mgumu wa [[mto Nile]] wa juu. [[Chanzo (mto)|Vyanzo]] vyake vikuu ni [[Nile ya Viktoria]] hatimaye kutoka [[Ziwa Victoria]] hadi [[kusini]] [[mashariki]], na [[mto Semliki]], ambao hutoka [[Ziwa Edward]] hadi kusini [[magharibi]]. [[Maji]] ya [[Nile ya Viktoria]] yana [[chumvi]] kiasi kuliko yale ya Ziwa Albert. Mlango wake, katika ncha ya [[kaskazini]] ya ziwa, ni [[Nile ya Albert]] (ambayo huwa inajulikana kama [[Mlima Nile]] wakati inaingia [[Sudan]]).

[[Picha:Rivers and lakes of Uganda.png|thumb|250px|left|Mito na maziwa ya Uganda. Bonyeza ili kupanua picha.]]
Katika mwisho wa kusini wa ziwa, ambapo Semliki huingilia, kuna [[vinamasi]]. Katika kusini kuna [[mlima]] wa [[Ruwenzori]] wakati anuwai ya milima iitwayo [[Blue Mountains]] iko katika [[pwani]] ya kaskazini magharibi. Makazi machache yaliyo kando ni [[Butiaba]] na [[Pakwach]].

==Sifa za maji==
Tofauti na Ziwa lenye kina kirefu sana la Malawi, [[Tanganyika (ziwa)|Ziwa Tanganyika]] na [[Ziwa Kivu]], halijoto ya maji ya Ziwa Albert ni shwari kotekote, kwa kawaida karibu nyuzi 27–29 °C (81–84 °F), na hata sehemu zake za kina zaidi zina oksijeni.

Maji yana pH ya karibu au chini kidogo ya 9 na upitishaji wa [[umeme]] wa karibu 720-780 μS/cm. Hizi zote mbili ni za juu sana kwa ziwa la maji safi lakini ni chini ya Ziwa Edward

==Wanyama==
Ziwa Albert ni makazi ya wanyama wengi wa majini na nusu majini kama vile viboko, swala kob wa Uganda, mamba wa Nile, wachunguzi wa Nile, kobe wa Afrika ya Kati, kobe wa udongo wa Williams, nyoka mbalimbali wa nusu majini na vyura mbalimbali. Ndege wa majini ni wengi na ni pamoja na pelicans, herons na shoebill adimu.

== Historia ==
Katika [[mwaka]] wa [[1864]], ndio wakati [[Samuel Baker]] alipogundua ziwa hili, akalipatia [[jina]] la aliyeachwa [[Mfalme Albert]], na [[mke]] wake [[Malkia Victoria]]. [[Rais]] wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Mobutu Sese Seko]], kwa muda mfupi alilipatia ziwa hili jina lake.

[[Heritage Oil]] na [[Tullow Oil]] zimetangaza eneo kuu la [[mafuta]] katika [[bonde]] la Ziwa Albert, pamoja na makadirio ya kwamba eneo hili la mabilioni litakuwa eneo kubwa la mafuta katika Afrika [[kusini kwa Sahara]] kwa zaidi ya miaka [[ishirini]].

== Tanbihi ==
{{reflist}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
* [http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM Shirika la Kilimo na Chakula la Umoja wa Mataifa] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM |date=20080314015746 }}
* [http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html Maziwa dunia katika kiingilio cha Ziwa Albert katika kumbukumbu ya dunia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html |date=20081013080823 }}
* [http://allafrica.com/stories/200708241084.html]
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}
{{maziwa ya Uganda}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:ziwa Mwitanzige]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Uganda]]
[[Jamii:Nile]]</text>
      <sha1>bf4cms2alqo1oh3zyy0d5506cljqqpn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576619</id>
      <parentid>1576618</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T23:27:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza paragraph</comment>
      <origin>1576619</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7106" sha1="cgstajgkbu192z17pmiicr9we5f20e0" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox_lake
 |lake_name = Ziwa Albert
 |image_lake = Lake Albert (Uganda) (NASA).jpg
 |caption_lake = 2002 [[NASA]] [[MODIS]] satellite picture. The dotted grey line is the border between [[Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Congo (DRC)]] (left) and [[Uganda]] (right).
 |image_bathymetry =
 |caption_bathymetry =
 |coords = {{coord|1|41|N|30|55|E|type:waterbody|display=inline,title}}
 |type =
 |inflow = [[Victoria Nile]]
 |outflow = [[Albert Nile]]
 |catchment = 
 |basin_countries = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Uganda]]
 |length = 160 km
 |width = 30 km
 |area = 5,300 km²
 |depth = 25 m
 |max-depth = 58 m
 |volume = 132 km³&lt;ref name=asdf/&gt;
 |shore = 
 |elevation = 615 m
 |islands = 
 |cities = [[Butiaba]], [[Pakwach]]
 |reference = &lt;ref name=asdf&gt;[http://seaviewrealty.org/about-egyptian-real-estate-property-red-sea/?aID=21 The Nile]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
{{otheruses2|Lake Albert}}
'''Ziwa Albert''' - pia '''Albert''' '''Nyanza''', '''Ziwa Mwitanzige''', na zamani kwa miaka michache '''Ziwa Mobutu Sese Seko''' - ni moja ya [[maziwa makubwa ya Afrika]]. Ni [[ziwa]] kubwa la [[saba]] katika [[Afrika]], likiwa na nafasi ya [[ishirini na saba]] kwa ukubwa katika [[ulimwengu]] mzima.
[[Picha:Albert Lake (7068054469).jpg|thumb|twiga pembeni ya ziwa Albert]]
[[Picha:Lake Albert Channel, Uganda (15192094327).jpg|thumb|chaneli mojawapo ya ziwa albert]]
[[Picha:Early Ferry, Uganda (15198353996).jpg|thumb|kivuko cha mwanzoni]]
== Jiografia ==
Ziwa Albert liko katikati ya [[bara]], juu ya mpaka kati ya [[Uganda]] na [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] (zamani [[Zaire]]). Liko [[kaskazini]] katika mlolongo wa maziwa wa [[Bonde la Ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki]]. 

Lina [[urefu]] wa [[km]] 160 ([[mi]] 100), [[upana]] wa km 30(mi 19), na [[kina]] upeo wa [[m]] 51 ([[ft]] 168), na [[mwinuko]] wa m 619 (ft 2.030) juu ya [[usawa wa bahari]].

Ziwa Albert ni sehemu ya mfumo mgumu wa [[mto Nile]] wa juu. [[Chanzo (mto)|Vyanzo]] vyake vikuu ni [[Nile ya Viktoria]] hatimaye kutoka [[Ziwa Victoria]] hadi [[kusini]] [[mashariki]], na [[mto Semliki]], ambao hutoka [[Ziwa Edward]] hadi kusini [[magharibi]]. [[Maji]] ya [[Nile ya Viktoria]] yana [[chumvi]] kiasi kuliko yale ya Ziwa Albert. Mlango wake, katika ncha ya [[kaskazini]] ya ziwa, ni [[Nile ya Albert]] (ambayo huwa inajulikana kama [[Mlima Nile]] wakati inaingia [[Sudan]]).

[[Picha:Rivers and lakes of Uganda.png|thumb|250px|left|Mito na maziwa ya Uganda. Bonyeza ili kupanua picha.]]
Katika mwisho wa kusini wa ziwa, ambapo Semliki huingilia, kuna [[vinamasi]]. Katika kusini kuna [[mlima]] wa [[Ruwenzori]] wakati anuwai ya milima iitwayo [[Blue Mountains]] iko katika [[pwani]] ya kaskazini magharibi. Makazi machache yaliyo kando ni [[Butiaba]] na [[Pakwach]].

==Sifa za maji==
Tofauti na Ziwa lenye kina kirefu sana la Malawi, [[Tanganyika (ziwa)|Ziwa Tanganyika]] na [[Ziwa Kivu]], halijoto ya maji ya Ziwa Albert ni shwari kotekote, kwa kawaida karibu nyuzi 27–29 °C (81–84 °F), na hata sehemu zake za kina zaidi zina oksijeni.

Maji yana pH ya karibu au chini kidogo ya 9 na upitishaji wa [[umeme]] wa karibu 720-780 μS/cm. Hizi zote mbili ni za juu sana kwa ziwa la maji safi lakini ni chini ya Ziwa Edward

==Wanyama==
Ziwa Albert ni makazi ya wanyama wengi wa majini na nusu majini kama vile viboko, swala kob wa Uganda, mamba wa Nile, wachunguzi wa Nile, kobe wa Afrika ya Kati, kobe wa udongo wa Williams, nyoka mbalimbali wa nusu majini na vyura mbalimbali. Ndege wa majini ni wengi na ni pamoja na pelicans, herons na shoebill adimu.

===Uvuvi===
Kuna aina 55 za samaki katika Ziwa Albert. Isipokuwa mamba wa Nile, mwindaji mkubwa zaidi katika ziwa hilo ni sangara wa Nile. (asili; tofauti na maziwa mengine ya Bonde la Ufa ambapo yaliingizwa na kuvamia). Samaki wengine wakubwa wanaowinda ni pamoja na samaki aina ya tigerfish wenye urefu mrefu, samaki aina ya African tigerfish, samaki aina ya marbled lungfish, na samaki aina ya cornish jack, Bagrus docmak, samaki aina ya African sharptooth na kambare vundu. Zaidi ya hayo, kuna uvuvi muhimu kwa samaki aina ya tilapia wa Nile, samaki aina ya Niger barb, samaki aina ya Albert late, na samaki aina ya electric catfish na samaki aina ya twiga catfish wanaovuliwa kwa njia za kawaida za uvuvi, na muuguzi mdogo wa Brycinus na Engraulicypris bredoi ambao huvuliwa zaidi kwa uvuvi mwepesi. Asilimia 30 ya samaki wanaozalishwa nchini Uganda wanatoka Ziwa Albert.

Ziwa Albert lina idadi ndogo ya vimelea vya magonjwa kuliko Maziwa Makuu mengine ya Afrika. Ingawa Mto Albert–sehemu ya Mto Nile inayoondoka Ziwa Albert—ina maporomoko kadhaa ya maji katika eneo la Nimule, hizi hazijatenganisha ziwa kutoka sehemu kuu za Nile kwa ufanisi. Kwa upande mwingine, Ziwa Edward (na hatimaye Ziwa George) limetengwa kwa ufanisi kutoka Ziwa Albert na maporomoko ya maji kwenye Mto Semliki, huku Ziwa Kyoga (na hatimaye Ziwa Victoria) likiwa limetengwa kwa ufanisi kutoka Ziwa Albert na Maporomoko ya Murchison kwenye Nile ya Victoria. Kwa hivyo, samaki wengi wa Ziwa Albert ni spishi zilizoenea kando ya mto ambazo pia hupatikana katika sehemu kuu za Nile. Kuna siklidi chache za haplochromine; kundi ambalo lina aina mbalimbali sana katika maziwa mengine ya Bonde la Ufa. Kati ya haplochromini sita katika Ziwa Albert, nne ni za kawaida (Haplochromis albertianus, H. avium, H. bullatus na H. mahagiensis) na mbili pia zinapatikana katika Mto Nile (H. loati na Pseudocrenilabrus zenye rangi nyingi). Kwa kulinganisha, nyingi kati ya haplokromini zaidi ya 60 katika Ziwa Edward-George na nyingi kati ya haplokromini takriban 600 katika Ziwa Victoria-Kyoga ni za kawaida. Aina nyingine pekee za samaki wa aina ya Engraulicypris zinazopatikana katika Ziwa Albert ni samaki wadogo aina ya cyprinid Engraulicypris bredoi na samaki aina ya Albert lates walio hatarini kutoweka.

== Historia ==
Katika [[mwaka]] wa [[1864]], ndio wakati [[Samuel Baker]] alipogundua ziwa hili, akalipatia [[jina]] la aliyeachwa [[Mfalme Albert]], na [[mke]] wake [[Malkia Victoria]]. [[Rais]] wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Mobutu Sese Seko]], kwa muda mfupi alilipatia ziwa hili jina lake.

[[Heritage Oil]] na [[Tullow Oil]] zimetangaza eneo kuu la [[mafuta]] katika [[bonde]] la Ziwa Albert, pamoja na makadirio ya kwamba eneo hili la mabilioni litakuwa eneo kubwa la mafuta katika Afrika [[kusini kwa Sahara]] kwa zaidi ya miaka [[ishirini]].

== Tanbihi ==
{{reflist}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
* [http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM Shirika la Kilimo na Chakula la Umoja wa Mataifa] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM |date=20080314015746 }}
* [http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html Maziwa dunia katika kiingilio cha Ziwa Albert katika kumbukumbu ya dunia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html |date=20081013080823 }}
* [http://allafrica.com/stories/200708241084.html]
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}
{{maziwa ya Uganda}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:ziwa Mwitanzige]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Uganda]]
[[Jamii:Nile]]</text>
      <sha1>cgstajgkbu192z17pmiicr9we5f20e0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576620</id>
      <parentid>1576619</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T23:30:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza rejeo</comment>
      <origin>1576620</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7292" sha1="t43z3isuoae1aydue1sne0o2vhxygop" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox_lake
 |lake_name = Ziwa Albert
 |image_lake = Lake Albert (Uganda) (NASA).jpg
 |caption_lake = 2002 [[NASA]] [[MODIS]] satellite picture. The dotted grey line is the border between [[Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Congo (DRC)]] (left) and [[Uganda]] (right).
 |image_bathymetry =
 |caption_bathymetry =
 |coords = {{coord|1|41|N|30|55|E|type:waterbody|display=inline,title}}
 |type =
 |inflow = [[Victoria Nile]]
 |outflow = [[Albert Nile]]
 |catchment = 
 |basin_countries = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Uganda]]
 |length = 160 km
 |width = 30 km
 |area = 5,300 km²
 |depth = 25 m
 |max-depth = 58 m
 |volume = 132 km³&lt;ref name=asdf/&gt;
 |shore = 
 |elevation = 615 m
 |islands = 
 |cities = [[Butiaba]], [[Pakwach]]
 |reference = &lt;ref name=asdf&gt;[http://seaviewrealty.org/about-egyptian-real-estate-property-red-sea/?aID=21 The Nile]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
{{otheruses2|Lake Albert}}
'''Ziwa Albert''' - pia '''Albert''' '''Nyanza''', '''Ziwa Mwitanzige''', na zamani kwa miaka michache '''Ziwa Mobutu Sese Seko''' - ni moja ya [[maziwa makubwa ya Afrika]]. Ni [[ziwa]] kubwa la [[saba]] katika [[Afrika]], likiwa na nafasi ya [[ishirini na saba]] kwa ukubwa katika [[ulimwengu]] mzima.
[[Picha:Albert Lake (7068054469).jpg|thumb|twiga pembeni ya ziwa Albert]]
[[Picha:Lake Albert Channel, Uganda (15192094327).jpg|thumb|chaneli mojawapo ya ziwa albert]]
[[Picha:Early Ferry, Uganda (15198353996).jpg|thumb|kivuko cha mwanzoni]]
== Jiografia ==
Ziwa Albert liko katikati ya [[bara]], juu ya mpaka kati ya [[Uganda]] na [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] (zamani [[Zaire]]). Liko [[kaskazini]] katika mlolongo wa maziwa wa [[Bonde la Ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki]]. 

Lina [[urefu]] wa [[km]] 160 ([[mi]] 100), [[upana]] wa km 30(mi 19), na [[kina]] upeo wa [[m]] 51 ([[ft]] 168), na [[mwinuko]] wa m 619 (ft 2.030) juu ya [[usawa wa bahari]].

Ziwa Albert ni sehemu ya mfumo mgumu wa [[mto Nile]] wa juu. [[Chanzo (mto)|Vyanzo]] vyake vikuu ni [[Nile ya Viktoria]] hatimaye kutoka [[Ziwa Victoria]] hadi [[kusini]] [[mashariki]], na [[mto Semliki]], ambao hutoka [[Ziwa Edward]] hadi kusini [[magharibi]]. [[Maji]] ya [[Nile ya Viktoria]] yana [[chumvi]] kiasi kuliko yale ya Ziwa Albert. Mlango wake, katika ncha ya [[kaskazini]] ya ziwa, ni [[Nile ya Albert]] (ambayo huwa inajulikana kama [[Mlima Nile]] wakati inaingia [[Sudan]]).

[[Picha:Rivers and lakes of Uganda.png|thumb|250px|left|Mito na maziwa ya Uganda. Bonyeza ili kupanua picha.]]
Katika mwisho wa kusini wa ziwa, ambapo Semliki huingilia, kuna [[vinamasi]]. Katika kusini kuna [[mlima]] wa [[Ruwenzori]] wakati anuwai ya milima iitwayo [[Blue Mountains]] iko katika [[pwani]] ya kaskazini magharibi. Makazi machache yaliyo kando ni [[Butiaba]] na [[Pakwach]].

==Sifa za maji==
Tofauti na Ziwa lenye kina kirefu sana la Malawi, [[Tanganyika (ziwa)|Ziwa Tanganyika]] na [[Ziwa Kivu]], halijoto ya maji ya Ziwa Albert ni shwari kotekote, kwa kawaida karibu nyuzi 27–29 °C (81–84 °F), na hata sehemu zake za kina zaidi zina oksijeni.

Maji yana pH ya karibu au chini kidogo ya 9 na upitishaji wa [[umeme]] wa karibu 720-780 μS/cm. Hizi zote mbili ni za juu sana kwa ziwa la maji safi lakini ni chini ya Ziwa Edward

==Wanyama==
Ziwa Albert ni makazi ya wanyama wengi wa majini na nusu majini kama vile viboko, swala kob wa Uganda, mamba wa Nile, wachunguzi wa Nile, kobe wa Afrika ya Kati, kobe wa udongo wa Williams, nyoka mbalimbali wa nusu majini na vyura mbalimbali. Ndege wa majini ni wengi na ni pamoja na pelicans, herons na shoebill adimu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ramsar sites|url=https://ugandawildlife.org/wildlife-a-conservation-2/conservation/ramsar-sites|work=ugandawildlife.org|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Uvuvi===
Kuna aina 55 za samaki katika Ziwa Albert. Isipokuwa mamba wa Nile, mwindaji mkubwa zaidi katika ziwa hilo ni sangara wa Nile. (asili; tofauti na maziwa mengine ya Bonde la Ufa ambapo yaliingizwa na kuvamia). Samaki wengine wakubwa wanaowinda ni pamoja na samaki aina ya tigerfish wenye urefu mrefu, samaki aina ya African tigerfish, samaki aina ya marbled lungfish, na samaki aina ya cornish jack, Bagrus docmak, samaki aina ya African sharptooth na kambare vundu. Zaidi ya hayo, kuna uvuvi muhimu kwa samaki aina ya tilapia wa Nile, samaki aina ya Niger barb, samaki aina ya Albert late, na samaki aina ya electric catfish na samaki aina ya twiga catfish wanaovuliwa kwa njia za kawaida za uvuvi, na muuguzi mdogo wa Brycinus na Engraulicypris bredoi ambao huvuliwa zaidi kwa uvuvi mwepesi. Asilimia 30 ya samaki wanaozalishwa nchini Uganda wanatoka Ziwa Albert.

Ziwa Albert lina idadi ndogo ya vimelea vya magonjwa kuliko Maziwa Makuu mengine ya Afrika. Ingawa Mto Albert–sehemu ya Mto Nile inayoondoka Ziwa Albert—ina maporomoko kadhaa ya maji katika eneo la Nimule, hizi hazijatenganisha ziwa kutoka sehemu kuu za Nile kwa ufanisi. Kwa upande mwingine, Ziwa Edward (na hatimaye Ziwa George) limetengwa kwa ufanisi kutoka Ziwa Albert na maporomoko ya maji kwenye Mto Semliki, huku Ziwa Kyoga (na hatimaye Ziwa Victoria) likiwa limetengwa kwa ufanisi kutoka Ziwa Albert na Maporomoko ya Murchison kwenye Nile ya Victoria. Kwa hivyo, samaki wengi wa Ziwa Albert ni spishi zilizoenea kando ya mto ambazo pia hupatikana katika sehemu kuu za Nile. Kuna siklidi chache za haplochromine; kundi ambalo lina aina mbalimbali sana katika maziwa mengine ya Bonde la Ufa. Kati ya haplochromini sita katika Ziwa Albert, nne ni za kawaida (Haplochromis albertianus, H. avium, H. bullatus na H. mahagiensis) na mbili pia zinapatikana katika Mto Nile (H. loati na Pseudocrenilabrus zenye rangi nyingi). Kwa kulinganisha, nyingi kati ya haplokromini zaidi ya 60 katika Ziwa Edward-George na nyingi kati ya haplokromini takriban 600 katika Ziwa Victoria-Kyoga ni za kawaida. Aina nyingine pekee za samaki wa aina ya Engraulicypris zinazopatikana katika Ziwa Albert ni samaki wadogo aina ya cyprinid Engraulicypris bredoi na samaki aina ya Albert lates walio hatarini kutoweka.

== Historia ==
Katika [[mwaka]] wa [[1864]], ndio wakati [[Samuel Baker]] alipogundua ziwa hili, akalipatia [[jina]] la aliyeachwa [[Mfalme Albert]], na [[mke]] wake [[Malkia Victoria]]. [[Rais]] wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Mobutu Sese Seko]], kwa muda mfupi alilipatia ziwa hili jina lake.

[[Heritage Oil]] na [[Tullow Oil]] zimetangaza eneo kuu la [[mafuta]] katika [[bonde]] la Ziwa Albert, pamoja na makadirio ya kwamba eneo hili la mabilioni litakuwa eneo kubwa la mafuta katika Afrika [[kusini kwa Sahara]] kwa zaidi ya miaka [[ishirini]].

== Tanbihi ==
{{reflist}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
* [http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM Shirika la Kilimo na Chakula la Umoja wa Mataifa] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM |date=20080314015746 }}
* [http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html Maziwa dunia katika kiingilio cha Ziwa Albert katika kumbukumbu ya dunia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html |date=20081013080823 }}
* [http://allafrica.com/stories/200708241084.html]
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}
{{maziwa ya Uganda}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:ziwa Mwitanzige]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Uganda]]
[[Jamii:Nile]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1576621</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-25T23:34:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elizabeth Samwel</username>
        <id>75873</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza rejeo</comment>
      <origin>1576621</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="7422" sha1="cmkn4vmw6v49hlfwvxfpzpdkr1j3j20" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox_lake
 |lake_name = Ziwa Albert
 |image_lake = Lake Albert (Uganda) (NASA).jpg
 |caption_lake = 2002 [[NASA]] [[MODIS]] satellite picture. The dotted grey line is the border between [[Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Congo (DRC)]] (left) and [[Uganda]] (right).
 |image_bathymetry =
 |caption_bathymetry =
 |coords = {{coord|1|41|N|30|55|E|type:waterbody|display=inline,title}}
 |type =
 |inflow = [[Victoria Nile]]
 |outflow = [[Albert Nile]]
 |catchment = 
 |basin_countries = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Uganda]]
 |length = 160 km
 |width = 30 km
 |area = 5,300 km²
 |depth = 25 m
 |max-depth = 58 m
 |volume = 132 km³&lt;ref name=asdf/&gt;
 |shore = 
 |elevation = 615 m
 |islands = 
 |cities = [[Butiaba]], [[Pakwach]]
 |reference = &lt;ref name=asdf&gt;[http://seaviewrealty.org/about-egyptian-real-estate-property-red-sea/?aID=21 The Nile]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
{{otheruses2|Lake Albert}}
'''Ziwa Albert''' - pia '''Albert''' '''Nyanza''', '''Ziwa Mwitanzige''', na zamani kwa miaka michache '''Ziwa Mobutu Sese Seko''' - ni moja ya [[maziwa makubwa ya Afrika]]. Ni [[ziwa]] kubwa la [[saba]] katika [[Afrika]], likiwa na nafasi ya [[ishirini na saba]] kwa ukubwa katika [[ulimwengu]] mzima.
[[Picha:Albert Lake (7068054469).jpg|thumb|twiga pembeni ya ziwa Albert]]
[[Picha:Lake Albert Channel, Uganda (15192094327).jpg|thumb|chaneli mojawapo ya ziwa albert]]
[[Picha:Early Ferry, Uganda (15198353996).jpg|thumb|kivuko cha mwanzoni]]
== Jiografia ==
Ziwa Albert liko katikati ya [[bara]], juu ya mpaka kati ya [[Uganda]] na [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] (zamani [[Zaire]]). Liko [[kaskazini]] katika mlolongo wa maziwa wa [[Bonde la Ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki]]. 

Lina [[urefu]] wa [[km]] 160 ([[mi]] 100), [[upana]] wa km 30(mi 19), na [[kina]] upeo wa [[m]] 51 ([[ft]] 168), na [[mwinuko]] wa m 619 (ft 2.030) juu ya [[usawa wa bahari]].

Ziwa Albert ni sehemu ya mfumo mgumu wa [[mto Nile]] wa juu. [[Chanzo (mto)|Vyanzo]] vyake vikuu ni [[Nile ya Viktoria]] hatimaye kutoka [[Ziwa Victoria]] hadi [[kusini]] [[mashariki]], na [[mto Semliki]], ambao hutoka [[Ziwa Edward]] hadi kusini [[magharibi]]. [[Maji]] ya [[Nile ya Viktoria]] yana [[chumvi]] kiasi kuliko yale ya Ziwa Albert. Mlango wake, katika ncha ya [[kaskazini]] ya ziwa, ni [[Nile ya Albert]] (ambayo huwa inajulikana kama [[Mlima Nile]] wakati inaingia [[Sudan]]).

[[Picha:Rivers and lakes of Uganda.png|thumb|250px|left|Mito na maziwa ya Uganda. Bonyeza ili kupanua picha.]]
Katika mwisho wa kusini wa ziwa, ambapo Semliki huingilia, kuna [[vinamasi]]. Katika kusini kuna [[mlima]] wa [[Ruwenzori]] wakati anuwai ya milima iitwayo [[Blue Mountains]] iko katika [[pwani]] ya kaskazini magharibi. Makazi machache yaliyo kando ni [[Butiaba]] na [[Pakwach]].

==Sifa za maji==
Tofauti na Ziwa lenye kina kirefu sana la Malawi, [[Tanganyika (ziwa)|Ziwa Tanganyika]] na [[Ziwa Kivu]], halijoto ya maji ya Ziwa Albert ni shwari kotekote, kwa kawaida karibu nyuzi 27–29 °C (81–84 °F), na hata sehemu zake za kina zaidi zina oksijeni.

Maji yana pH ya karibu au chini kidogo ya 9 na upitishaji wa [[umeme]] wa karibu 720-780 μS/cm. Hizi zote mbili ni za juu sana kwa ziwa la maji safi lakini ni chini ya Ziwa Edward

==Wanyama==
Ziwa Albert ni makazi ya wanyama wengi wa majini na nusu majini kama vile viboko, swala kob wa Uganda, mamba wa Nile, wachunguzi wa Nile, kobe wa Afrika ya Kati, kobe wa udongo wa Williams, nyoka mbalimbali wa nusu majini na vyura mbalimbali. Ndege wa majini ni wengi na ni pamoja na pelicans, herons na shoebill adimu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ramsar sites|url=https://ugandawildlife.org/wildlife-a-conservation-2/conservation/ramsar-sites|work=ugandawildlife.org|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Uvuvi===
Kuna aina 55 za samaki katika Ziwa Albert.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010AqEHM..13..284W|work=ui.adsabs.harvard.edu|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isipokuwa mamba wa Nile, mwindaji mkubwa zaidi katika ziwa hilo ni sangara wa Nile. (asili; tofauti na maziwa mengine ya Bonde la Ufa ambapo yaliingizwa na kuvamia). Samaki wengine wakubwa wanaowinda ni pamoja na samaki aina ya tigerfish wenye urefu mrefu, samaki aina ya African tigerfish, samaki aina ya marbled lungfish, na samaki aina ya cornish jack, Bagrus docmak, samaki aina ya African sharptooth na kambare vundu. Zaidi ya hayo, kuna uvuvi muhimu kwa samaki aina ya tilapia wa Nile, samaki aina ya Niger barb, samaki aina ya Albert late, na samaki aina ya electric catfish na samaki aina ya twiga catfish wanaovuliwa kwa njia za kawaida za uvuvi, na muuguzi mdogo wa Brycinus na Engraulicypris bredoi ambao huvuliwa zaidi kwa uvuvi mwepesi. Asilimia 30 ya samaki wanaozalishwa nchini Uganda wanatoka Ziwa Albert.

Ziwa Albert lina idadi ndogo ya vimelea vya magonjwa kuliko Maziwa Makuu mengine ya Afrika. Ingawa Mto Albert–sehemu ya Mto Nile inayoondoka Ziwa Albert—ina maporomoko kadhaa ya maji katika eneo la Nimule, hizi hazijatenganisha ziwa kutoka sehemu kuu za Nile kwa ufanisi. Kwa upande mwingine, Ziwa Edward (na hatimaye Ziwa George) limetengwa kwa ufanisi kutoka Ziwa Albert na maporomoko ya maji kwenye Mto Semliki, huku Ziwa Kyoga (na hatimaye Ziwa Victoria) likiwa limetengwa kwa ufanisi kutoka Ziwa Albert na Maporomoko ya Murchison kwenye Nile ya Victoria. Kwa hivyo, samaki wengi wa Ziwa Albert ni spishi zilizoenea kando ya mto ambazo pia hupatikana katika sehemu kuu za Nile. Kuna siklidi chache za haplochromine; kundi ambalo lina aina mbalimbali sana katika maziwa mengine ya Bonde la Ufa. Kati ya haplochromini sita katika Ziwa Albert, nne ni za kawaida (Haplochromis albertianus, H. avium, H. bullatus na H. mahagiensis) na mbili pia zinapatikana katika Mto Nile (H. loati na Pseudocrenilabrus zenye rangi nyingi). Kwa kulinganisha, nyingi kati ya haplokromini zaidi ya 60 katika Ziwa Edward-George na nyingi kati ya haplokromini takriban 600 katika Ziwa Victoria-Kyoga ni za kawaida. Aina nyingine pekee za samaki wa aina ya Engraulicypris zinazopatikana katika Ziwa Albert ni samaki wadogo aina ya cyprinid Engraulicypris bredoi na samaki aina ya Albert lates walio hatarini kutoweka.

== Historia ==
Katika [[mwaka]] wa [[1864]], ndio wakati [[Samuel Baker]] alipogundua ziwa hili, akalipatia [[jina]] la aliyeachwa [[Mfalme Albert]], na [[mke]] wake [[Malkia Victoria]]. [[Rais]] wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Mobutu Sese Seko]], kwa muda mfupi alilipatia ziwa hili jina lake.

[[Heritage Oil]] na [[Tullow Oil]] zimetangaza eneo kuu la [[mafuta]] katika [[bonde]] la Ziwa Albert, pamoja na makadirio ya kwamba eneo hili la mabilioni litakuwa eneo kubwa la mafuta katika Afrika [[kusini kwa Sahara]] kwa zaidi ya miaka [[ishirini]].

== Tanbihi ==
{{reflist}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
* [http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM Shirika la Kilimo na Chakula la Umoja wa Mataifa] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM |date=20080314015746 }}
* [http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html Maziwa dunia katika kiingilio cha Ziwa Albert katika kumbukumbu ya dunia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr11.html |date=20081013080823 }}
* [http://allafrica.com/stories/200708241084.html]
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}
{{maziwa ya Uganda}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:ziwa Mwitanzige]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Uganda]]
[[Jamii:Nile]]</text>
      <sha1>cmkn4vmw6v49hlfwvxfpzpdkr1j3j20</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Elimu barani Afrika</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>1576646</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-26T05:29:27Z</timestamp>
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        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>41439</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="8212" sha1="fjeb5n5dq94qtt8jr0ox9n585i07p69" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:Early Childhood Education USAID Africa.jpg|thumb|Watoto wa Kiafrika wakipata Elimu darasani]]
'''Elimu barani Afrika''' ilianza kama chombo cha kuandaa [[vijana]] wake kuchukua nafasi yao katika [[jamii]] ya [[Afrika]]. Uzoefu wa [[elimu ya Kiafrika]] ilianzishwa hasa kuandaa vijana kwa jamii katika jamuiya ya Kiafrika na si kwa maisha nje ya Afrika. 

Mfumo wa [[shule ya awali]] ya [[ukoloni]] wa [[Ulaya]] ilijumuisha makundi ya watu wakubwa, wao wakifundisha vipengele na tamaduni ambazo zingeweza kuwasaidia wakiwa watu wazima. 

Elimu katika jamii ya awali ya Kiafrika ilijumuisha mambo kama [[sanaa]], [[sherehe]], [[michezo]], [[tamasha|matamasha]], [[dansi]], kuimba, na kuchora. [[Wavulana]] na [[wasichana]] walifunzwa kama wametenganishwa kusaidia kuandaa kila kikundi kwa majukumu yao kama watu wazima. Kila mwanachama wa jumuiya alikuwa na [[mkono]] kwa kuchangia katika [[malezi]] ya [[mtoto]]. Hatua kubwa ya uzoefu wa elimu ya Kiafrika ilikuwa sherehe ya kutoka utotoni kuingia [[utu uzima]]. Hakukuwa na [[mtihani|mitihani]] ya kitaaluma ili kuhitimu katika mfumo wa elimu wa Kiafrika. 

Wakati [[ukoloni]] na [[ubeberu]] wa [[Ulaya]] ulipofanyika ulianza kubadili mfumo wa elimu wa Kiafrika. [[Shule]] mara ikawa tena haihusu [[mila]] na [[ibada]] ya kifungu, shule sasa ingemaanisha kupata elimu ambayo ingeweza kuwaruhusu Waafrika kushindana na nchi kama vile [[Marekani]] na zile zilizoko Ulaya. Afrika ingeweza kuanza kujaribu kuzalisha wanafunzi wao wenyewe walioelimishwa kama vile nchi nyingine zilikuwa zimefanya. 

Hata hivyo, viwango vya ushiriki katika nchi nyingi za Afrika ni vya chini. Shule mara nyingi hukosa vifaa vingi vya msingi, na [[vyuo vikuu vya Afrika]] vinakabiliwa na [[msongamano]], na wakufunzi wanavutiwa kwenda [[nchi za Magharibi]] kwa malipo na mazingira bora zaidi. 

==Ushiriki ==
Kulingana na ''Maelezo ya Kimaeneo ya [[UNESCO]] kuhusu nchi kwenye Jangwa la Sahara barani Afrika,'' katika mwaka wa [[2000]] 0% ya watoto walikuwa wameandikishwa katika [[Shule ya msingi|shule za msingi]], kiwango cha chini kwa uandikishaji katika eneo lolote lile. UNESCO pia ilielezea tofauti kubwa iliyokuwa [[jinsia|kijinsia]]: katika sehemu nyingi za Afrika kuna uandikishaji wa juu zaidi kwa wavulana, lakini katika sehemu zingine kuna uandikishaji zaidi wa wasichana, kutokana na wavulana kutakikana kukaa nyumbani na kushughulikia [[shamba]] la [[familia]]. Afrika ina zaidi ya watoto [[milioni]] 40, karibu [[nusu]] ya [[idadi]] ya watoto wenye [[umri]] wa kwenda shule, wakiwa hawapokei mafunzo ya shule. [[Theluthi]] [[mbili]] kati ya hawa ni wasichana. Kituo cha USAID kinaripoti kwamba mwaka 2005, [[asilimia]] [[arobaini]] ya watoto wenye umri wa kwenda shule katika Afrika hawahudhurii shule za msingi na bado kuna watoto milioni 46 wa Kiafrika wenye umri wa kwenda shule ambao hawajawahi kuingia [[darasa|darasani]].

Ripoti ya kikanda iliyotolewa na timu ya uchambuzi wa sekta ya elimu ya UNESCO-BREDA katika mwaka wa 2005 inaonyesha kuwa chini ya 10% ya watoto wa Kiafrika sasa wanaruhusiwa katika mfumo. Hata hivyo 4 kati ya watoto 10 bado hawakukamilisha shule ya msingi katika miaka ya 2002/2003. Hivyo, miaka mitano baada ya Mkutano wa Elimu wa Dunia na kutwaliwa kwa Malengo ya Milenia, mafanikio katika daraja la msingi yako mbali na kupambanua. 

Uchambuzi huu unaonyesha kwamba juhudi kuu zinapaswa kuelekezwa kupunguza idadi ya wanaoacha shule katika kila ngazi. Inaonekana pia kwamba tofauti za kijiografia (maeneo ya vijijini / maeneo ya mijini) au za [[uchumi|kiuchumi]] ([[nyumba]] za kipato kidogo / nyumba tajiri) ni kubwa zaidi na zinachukua muda mrefu kuzipunguza kuliko tofauti za kijinsia. 

Kutoka katika mtazamo wa ubora, tafiti kama vile ya SACMEQ (Muungano wa Kufuatilia Ubora wa Elimu wa Kusini na Mashariki mwa Afrika) na tafiti katika nyumba za kifamilia zinaonyesha tofauti kubwa sana katika utendaji kati ya na ndani ya nchi.&lt;ref name=&quot;sacmeq&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Ross |first1=Kenneth |year=2007 |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |url=http://www.sacmeq.org/research.htm |access-date=2010-01-20 |archive-date=2009-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090307090149/http://www.sacmeq.org/research.htm |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ripoti hii pia inaonyesha kwamba uandikishaji katika [[sekondari]] (ngazi za chini na juu) na [[elimu ya juu]] umeendelea zaidi ikilinganishwa na uandikishaji wa daraja la msingi kwa kipindi cha 1990 - 2002/2003 ambayo inaleta shauku kuhusu [[ukweli]] wa kipaumbele inayopewa sera ya elimu ya msingi. Shinikizo lenye nguvu kwa mwendelezo wa elimu kutoka kwa wengi ambao tayari wanafaidika kutokana na shule zinaelezea mwenendo huu. Juu ya hili ni lazima kuongezwa udhaifu wa mipangilio inayosimamia mtiririko wa wanafunzi kati ya ngazi mbalimbali za [[mfumo wa elimu]]. 

Katika mwaka wa 2005, [[hesabu]] na mwelekeo zinaonyesha hatari ya kutofikia uandikishaji wa watoto wote wanaostahili katika daraja la msingi kufikia mwaka 2015.

== Mipango ==
Mipango ya kuboresha elimu katika Afrika ni pamoja na:

* Mradi wa [[British Airways]] wa &quot;Change for Good in Africa&quot; ambao, kwa ushirikiano na [[UNICEF]], ulifungua shule ya kisasa ya [[Msingi ya Sayansi ya Kuje]] nchini Nigeria mwaka 2002.
* [[Mfuko wa Elias]] - Hutoa nafasi za elimu kwa watoto nchini [[Zimbabwe]] kupata elimu bora.
* Mpango wa Fast Track 
* Mpango wa [[NEPAD]] wa [[E-school]], mpango wa kimaono wa kutoa vifaa vya mtandao na kompyuta kwa shule zote katika bara.
* [http://benineducationfund.org/blog/ Mfuko wa Elimu wa Benin (BEF)] {{Wayback|url=http://benineducationfund.org/blog/ |date=20110812083525 }} Kwa miaka 10 BEF imetoa nafasi za elimu na msaada wa elimu kwa wanafunzi kutoka katika jimbo la Atakora kaskazini mashariki mwa Benin. Zaidi ya wanafunzi 450 wameweza kukaa katika shule kwa sababu ya mipango yao.
* [http://www.sacmeq.org SACMEQ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sacmeq.org/ |date=20100120144544 }} Muungano wa Wizara 15 za Elimu Kusini na Mashariki mwa Afrika ambayo hufanya shughuli jumuishi za utafiti na mafunzo kufuatilia na kutathmini ubora wa elimu ya msingi, na inazalisha habari ambazo zinaweza kutumiwa na watoa maamuzi kupanga na kuboresha ubora wa elimu.

==Vyuo vikuu vya Afrika==
Orodha ya tathmini ya vyuo vikuu barani Afrika kwa mwaka [[2016]] ilitolewa kama ifuatavyo &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/best-universities-in-africa-2016 Best universities in Africa], orodha ya Times Higher Education World University Rankings, 21 Aprili 2016&lt;/ref&gt;:

#[[Chuo Kikuu cha Cape Town]]	(University of Cape Town), [[Afrika Kusini]]
#[[Chuo Kikuu cha Witwatersrand]]	(University of the Witwatersrand), Afrika Kusini
#[[Chuo Kikuu cha Stellenbosch]]	(Stellenbosch University), Afrika Kusini
#[[Chuo Kikuu cha Makerere]]	(Makerere University), [[Uganda]]
#[[Chuo Kikuu cha KwaZulu-Natal]]	(University of KwaZulu-Natal), Afrika Kusini
#[[Chuo Kikuu cha Pretoria]]	(University of Pretoria), Afrika Kusini
#[[Chuo Kikuu cha Ghana]]	(University of Ghana), [[Ghana]]
#[[Chuo Kikuu cha Nairobi]]	(University of Nairobi), [[Kenya]]
#[[Chuo Kikuu cha Mfereji wa Suez]]	(Suez Canal University), [[Misri]]
#[[Chuo Kikuu cha Aleksandria]]	(Alexandria University), Misri

==Angalia pia==
{{Lango|Afrika}}
*http://www.atbu.edu.ng/#/

==Tanbihi==
{{Reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
*[http://www.aet-africa.org/ AET Afrika | Tovuti ya Elimu na Mafunzo ya Kilimo katika Afrika] {{Wayback|url=http://www.aet-africa.org/ |date=20090901220500 }} - hutoa habari juu ya elimu ya kilimo katika Afrika
*[http://www.prota.org/ PROTA] - hutoa taarifa juu ya takriban mimea 7,000 muhimu katika Nyanda za Joto za Afrika na kutoa urahisi wa kupata taarifa kupitia Mikusanyiko ya taarifa katika mtandao, Vitabu, CD-ROM na Bidhaa Spesheli.
*{{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Education/|Africa - Education}}
*[http://education-africa.com/ Tovuti ya elimu katika Afrika] {{Wayback|url=http://education-africa.com/ |date=20090702081402 }}
*[http://www.sacmeq.org/ Muungano wa Kufuatilia Ubora wa Elimu wa Kusini na Mashariki mwa Afrika (SACMEQ)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sacmeq.org/ |date=20100120144544 }}
{{Africa topics}}
{{Education in Africa}}
[[Jamii:Elimu Afrika|!]]
[[Jamii:Elimu|Afrika]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Justino de Jacobis</title>
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      <text bytes="6263" sha1="ntvwty0qdr7y61xp9sde00dhjc39i3q" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:San Justino de Jacobis.jpg|thumb|Mt. Justino de Jacobis.]]
[[Picha:94Santuario de San Vicente de Paul Parish 03.jpg|thumb|[[Sanamu]] yake kwenye [[Parokia]]-[[Patakatifu]] pa Mt. [[Vinsenti wa Paulo]].]]
'''Justino de Jacobis''' ([[San Fele]], [[Potenza]], [[Italia]], [[9 Oktoba]] [[1800]] - [[Eidale]], [[Massawa]], [[31 Julai]] [[1860]]) alikuwa [[mtawa]] wa [[Shirika la Misheni]] ([[Wavinsenti]]), halafu [[askofu]] na [[mmisionari]] nchini [[Ethiopia]] na [[Eritrea]].
Anaheshimiwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kama [[mtakatifu]] tangu tarehe [[26 Oktoba]] [[1975]]. Hata [[Ukristo|Wakristo]] wengine na [[Waislamu]] wanatembelea [[kaburi]] lake kwa [[heshima]].&lt;ref name=&quot;killion&quot;&gt;Tom Killion, ''Historical Dictionary of Eritrea'', The Scarecrow Press, 1998, ISBN 0810834375&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Sikukuu]] yake ni [[tarehe]] [[31 Julai]]&lt;ref&gt;[[Martyrologium Romanum]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://catholicsaints.info/saint-giustino-de-jacobis/&lt;/ref&gt;.

==Maisha==
Akiwa [[mtoto]] wa saba wa Giovanni Battista de Jacobis na wa Maria Giuseppina Muccia, tarehe [[17 Oktoba]] [[1818]] alijiunga na [[utawa]] huko [[Napoli]] akaweka [[nadhiri]] miaka miwili kamili baadaye. 

Ingawa kwa [[unyenyekevu]] wake mkubwa alitaka kukataa, alipata [[upadrisho]] huko [[Brindisi]] tarehe [[12 Juni]] [[1824]]. 

Kisha kufanya [[uchungaji]] huko [[Oria]] na [[Monopoli]], alifanywa mkuu wa kanda katika shirika lake kwanza [[Lecce]] halafu Napoli. Huko alijitosa kuhudumia waliopatwa na [[kipindupindu]] mwaka [[1836]].

Akiwa huko alielezwa na [[Kardinali]] Franzoni juu ya haja ya [[umisionari]] nchini Ethiopia.

Mwaka [[1839]] alichaguliwa kuwa [[mkuu wa kitume]] nchini huko ili aanzishe [[misheni]] [[katoliki]].

Kwa [[upole]] na wingi wa [[upendo]] wake, Justino alijitahidi kujifunza vizuri [[lugha]] za nchi, kuishi pamoja na wenyeji, akifuata [[utamaduni]] wao na mifano ya [[wamonaki]] wao.

Vilevile katika [[uinjilishaji]] alitumia [[mapokeo]] na [[liturujia ya Ethiopia]], akiweka [[msingi]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki la Waethiopia]] na wa [[Kanisa Katoliki la Waeritrea]].

Baada ya kufanya [[kazi]] hiyo kwa mafanikio makubwa miaka minane, mwaka [[1847]] aliteuliwa kuwa askofu wa [[Delas|Nilopolis]] na [[makamu wa Papa]] kwa [[Uhabeshi]], ila alikataa [[uaskofu]] hadi alipolazimika mwaka [[1849]]. 

Ingawa alipaswa kuvumilia [[njaa]] na [[kiu]] na kupata mapingamizi mengi hasa kutoka kwa [[Abuna Salama II]], [[askofu mkuu]] wa [[Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Ethiopia]] (kufungwa, kufukuzwa n.k.), alifaulu kuanzisha misheni na [[shule]] nyingi hasa kwa lengo la kuandaa mapadri wenyeji&lt;ref&gt;https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/33850&lt;/ref&gt;.

Hatimaye askofu mkuu huyo alikiri kwamba hakuna mtu aliyewahi kushika vizuri maagizo na mashauri ya [[Injili]] kuliko Justino.

Kati ya watu 12,000 hivi aliowaongoa, mmojawapo ni [[mwenyeheri]] [[Ghebre Mikaeli]].

==Heshima baada ya kifo==
[[Kesi]] ya kumtangaza [[mwenye heri]] ilianza tarehe [[13 Julai]] [[1904]], ikamalizika tarehe [[25 Julai]] [[1939]] chini ya [[Papa Pius XII]]. 

Alitangazwa na [[Papa Paulo VI]] kuwa mtakatifu tarehe [[26 Oktoba]] [[1975]], akiwa wa kwanza kati ya wamisionari wa [[Afrika]] [[kusini kwa Sahara]]. 

==[[Mlolongo wa kitume]]==
*[[Kardinali]] [[Scipione Rebiba]]
*Kardinali [[Giulio Antonio Santorio]]
*Kardinali [[Girolamo Bernerio]], O.P.
*[[Askofu mkuu]] [[Galeazzo Sanvitale]]
*Kardinali [[Ludovico Ludovisi]]
*Kardinali [[Luigi Caetani]]
*Kardinali [[Ulderico Carpegna]]
*Kardinali [[Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni]]
*[[Papa Benedikto XIII]], O.P.
*[[Papa Benedikto XIV]]
*[[Papa Klementi XIII]]
*Kardinali [[Bernardino Giraud]]
*Kardinali [[Alessandro Mattei]]
*Kardinali [[Pietro Francesco Galleffi]]
*Kardinali [[Giacomo Filippo Fransoni]]
*Kardinali [[Guglielmo Massaia]], O.F.M. Cap.
*Askofu '''Giustino de Jacobis''', C.M.

==Tazama pia==
* [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]]
* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]]

== Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Marejeo==
*Mkusanyo wa maandishi yake - Giuseppe Guerra - Ed. Vincenziani (kwa [[Kiitalia]]).
*Devin, A., (Traduzione inglese di Lady Elizabeth Herbert of Lea), ''Abyssinia and its Apostle'', Burns and Oates, London, 1867
*Antonio Furioli, ''L'eucaristia, epifania di dialogo e di comunione. Sua esemplarità in San Giustino de Jacobis'' in ''Rivista di ascetica e mistica'', 75 (aprile-giugno 2006) 2, 213-228.
*Antonio Furioli, ''Il frutto più prezioso dell'apostolato di San Giustino de Jacobis. Il Beato Gabra Mikā’ēl (1791-1855), martire per la fede in Abissinia'' in ''Rivista di ascetica e mistica'', 75 (luglio-settembre 2006) 3, 385-403.
*Antonio Furioli, ''Vangelo e testimonianza. L'esperienza di San Giustino de Jacobis in Abissinia (1839-1860)'', Milano, San Paolo, 2008.

== Viungo vya nje ==
*[http://www.clerus.org/clerus/dati/2002-06/28-6/Ens_P6_75_04.htm#_Toc13036572 Hotuba ya [[Papa Paulo VI]] katika kumtangaza mtakatifu]
*[http://www.archive.org/details/abyssiniaanditsa00dejauoft|on-line edition of A. Devin] Maisha yake
*[http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0731.htm#just Saints of July 31: Giustino de Jacobis] {{Wayback|url=http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0731.htm#just |date=20080622050303 }}
{{mbegu-Mkristo}}
[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1800]]
[[Jamii:Waliofariki 1860]]
[[Jamii:Wavinsenti]]
[[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]]
[[Jamii:Wamisionari]]
[[Category:Watakatifu wa Italia]]
[[Category:Watakatifu wa Ethiopia]]
[[category:Watakatifu wa Eritrea]]
[[Jamii:Ukristo nchini Ethiopia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>416 KK</title>
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{{mwakaKK|416}}

Makala hii inahusu mwaka 416 [[Kabla ya Kristo|KK]].

==Matukio==

== Waliozaliwa ==

== Waliofariki ==

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commonscat|416 BC}}

{{Mbegu-historia}}


[[Category:Karne ya 5 KK]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Merig</title>
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'''Merig''' ni kisiwa cha [[Vanuatu]], kimojawapo cha [[Visiwa vya Banks]]. Kiko upande wa mashariki wa kisiwa cha [[Gaua]]. Eneo la kisiwa ni chini ya 1 [[kilomita ya mraba|km²]]. Kuna familia moja kisiwani tu, na mwaka wa 2009 walihesabiwa kuwa watu 12. Hawa huongea [[Kimwerlap]], lugha ya kisiwa cha jirani cha [[Mere Lava]].

{{mbegu-jio}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Merig}}
[[Jamii:Visiwa vya Vanuatu]]</text>
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    <revision>
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{{MwakaKK|847}}

Makala hii inahusu [[mwaka]] '''847 KK''' ([[kabla ya Kristo]]).

==Matukio==

== Waliozaliwa ==

== Waliofariki ==

{{mbegu-historia}}

[[Jamii:Karne ya 9 KK]]</text>
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    <title>1250 KK</title>
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{{MwakaKK|1250}}

Makala hii inahusu [[mwaka]] '''1250 KK''' ([[kabla ya Kristo]]).

==Matukio==

== Waliozaliwa ==

== Waliofariki ==

{{mbegu-historia}}

[[Jamii:Karne ya 13 KK]]</text>
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{{MwakaKK|1875}}

Makala hii inahusu [[mwaka]] '''1875 KK''' ([[kabla ya Kristo]]).

==Matukio==

== Waliozaliwa ==

== Waliofariki ==

{{mbegu-historia}}

[[Jamii:Karne ya 19 KK]]</text>
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{{MwakaKK|1990}}

Makala hii inahusu [[mwaka]] '''1990 KK''' ([[kabla ya Kristo]]).

==Matukio==

== Waliozaliwa ==

== Waliofariki ==

{{mbegu-historia}}

[[Jamii:Karne ya 20 KK]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ibzan</title>
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      <text bytes="1350" sha1="nv2w9upskhy8u8fpuo4t6qfdmn4vo1z" xml:space="preserve">[[image:Ibzan-Abesan.jpg|thumb|Ibzan alivyochorwa katika ''Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum'' ya [[Guillaume Rouillé]].]]
'''Ibzan''' (kwa [[Kiebrania]] אִבְצָן‎‎, ’Iḇṣān, maana yake &quot;mashuhuri&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Easton%27s_Bible_Dictionary_(1897)/Ibzan Easton, Matthew George (1897), &quot;Ibzan&quot;], Easton's Bible Dictionary (New and revised ed.), T. Nelson and Sons&lt;/ref&gt;) alikuwa mmojawapo kati ya [[Waamuzi]] wa [[Biblia]]. 

Kadiri ya Waamuzi 12:8-10 alikuwa wa [[Bethlehemu]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://biblehub.com/commentaries/cambridge/judges/12.htm Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges] on Judges 12, accessed 8 November 2016&lt;/ref&gt; akaongoza [[Israeli]] kwa miaka 7&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/3265729?sid=21106263091623&amp;uid=2&amp;uid=4&amp;uid=3739024 |title=The &quot;Minor Judges&quot;- A Re-evaluation|publisher=Alan J. Hauser |date=1975 |accessdate=2015-03-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

Alikuwa na [[watoto]] 30 [[Wanaume|wa kiume]] na 30 [[Mwanamke|wa kike]].
{{Waamuzi}}
== Marejeo ==
{{Reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.studylight.org/enc/isb/view.cgi?number=T4167 International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]
* [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=689&amp;letter=J&amp;search=Judges Book of Judges article] (Jewish Encyclopedia)

{{mbegu-mtu-Biblia}}

[[Category:Waamuzi]]
[[Category:Watu wa Biblia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Kiyandruwandha</title>
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'''Kiyandruwandha''' kilikuwa [[Lugha za Kipama-Nyungan|lugha ya Kipama-Nyungan]] nchini [[Australia]] iliyozungumzwa na [[Wayandruwandha]] katika majimbo ya [[Australia Kusini]] na [[Queensland]]. Hakuna wasemaji ambao wamebaki kuongea lugha hii, yaani lugha ya Kiyandruwandha ilitoweka. Kufuatana na uainishaji wa lugha kwa ndani zaidi, Kiyandruwandha kiko katika kundi la Kikarniki.

==Viungo vya nje==
*[http://multitree.org/codes/ynd lugha ya Kiyandruwandha kwenye Multitree]
*[http://www.language-archives.org/language/ynd makala za OLAC kuhusu Kiyandruwandha]
*[http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/yand1253 lugha ya Kiyandruwandha katika Glottolog]
*[http://www.ethnologue.com/language/ynd lugha ya Kiyandruwandha katika Ethnologue]

{{mbegu-lugha}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Yandruwandha}}
[[Jamii:Lugha za Australia]]</text>
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'''Kiwajuk''' kilikuwa [[Lugha za Kipama-Nyungan|lugha ya Kipama-Nyungan]] nchini [[Australia]] iliyozungumzwa na [[Wawajuk]] katika jimbo la [[Australia Magharibi]]. Hakuna wasemaji ambao wamebaki kuongea lugha hii, yaani lugha ya Kiwajuk ilitoweka. Kufuatana na uainishaji wa lugha kwa ndani zaidi, Kiwajuk kiko katika kundi la Kipama-Nyungan cha Kusini-Magharibi. Wengine hukiangalia kuwa [[lahaja]] ya [[Kinoongar]].

==Viungo vya nje==
*[http://multitree.org/codes/xwj lugha ya Kiwajuk kwenye Multitree]
*[http://www.language-archives.org/language/xwj makala za OLAC kuhusu Kiwajuk]
*[http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/waju1234 lugha ya Kiwajuk katika Glottolog]
*[http://www.ethnologue.com/language/xwj lugha ya Kiwajuk katika Ethnologue]

{{mbegu-lugha}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Wajuk}}
[[Jamii:Lugha za Australia]]</text>
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    <title>Mto Ndoyo</title>
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      <text bytes="424" sha1="bfyaumvilmw1527ogvm6qe14a613pwi" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni kati ya [[mito]] ya [[mkoa wa Tanga]] ([[Tanzania]] [[Mashariki]]) ambayo [[maji]] yake yanaishia katika [[Bahari Hindi]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito ya Tanzania]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Tanga]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{Mito ya Tanzania}}
{{mbegu-jio-TZ}}
[[Jamii:Mito ya Tanzania]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Tanga]]
[[Jamii:Bahari ya Hindi]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1576577</id>
      <parentid>1032696</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:17:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="334" sha1="1ou419ezwsmtgd5znflzqw6wj7dsm5o" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mto]] wa [[Mkoa wa Singida]] ([[Tanzania]] ya kati).

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito ya Tanzania]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Singida]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mito ya Tanzania}}
{{mbegu-jio-TZ}}
[[Jamii:Mito ya Tanzania]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Singida]]</text>
      <sha1>1ou419ezwsmtgd5znflzqw6wj7dsm5o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mto Kelema</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>100216</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576573</id>
      <parentid>1032855</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:15:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576573</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="439" sha1="riz9s12l06gbcj9i0s208ck2q0zvyly" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' unapatikana katika [[Mkoa wa Dodoma]] ([[Tanzania]] ya kati).

[[Maji]] ya [[mto]] huo yanaishia [[Bahari Hindi]] kupitia [[mto Rufiji]]. 

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito ya Tanzania]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Dodoma]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mito ya Tanzania}}
{{mbegu-jio-TZ}}
[[Jamii:Mito ya Tanzania]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Dodoma]]
[[Jamii:Bahari ya Hindi]]</text>
      <sha1>riz9s12l06gbcj9i0s208ck2q0zvyly</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mto Kibebet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>102779</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576588</id>
      <parentid>1039155</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:22:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576588</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="506" sha1="qis3s5s3iufxwxrt4zdw9rmz81ke5jy" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' unapatikana katika [[kaunti ya Nandi]], [[magharibi]] mwa [[Kenya]] (eneo la [[Bonde la Ufa la Afrika Mashariki]]).

[[Maji]] yake yanaishia katika [[mto Naili]] na hatimaye katika [[Bahari ya Kati]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya kaunti ya Nandi]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mito ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-KE}}

[[Jamii:Mito ya Kenya]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Nandi]]
[[Jamii:Nile]]
[[Jamii:Mediteranea]]</text>
      <sha1>qis3s5s3iufxwxrt4zdw9rmz81ke5jy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mto Okuta</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>103887</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576569</id>
      <parentid>1041083</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:13:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576569</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="487" sha1="aatto0u9cu1y3ruzonc1xmhgw1he9rh" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' unapatikana katika [[kaunti ya Migori]], [[magharibi]] mwa [[Kenya]] (kwenye [[ziwa Nyanza]]).

[[Maji]] yake yanaishia katika [[mto Naili]] na hatimaye katika [[Bahari ya Kati]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya kaunti ya Migori]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mito ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-KE}}

[[Jamii:Mito ya Kenya]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Migori]]
[[Jamii:Nile]]
[[Jamii:Mediteranea]]</text>
      <sha1>aatto0u9cu1y3ruzonc1xmhgw1he9rh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mto Wikyuu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>105763</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576568</id>
      <parentid>1045915</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:12:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576568</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="505" sha1="5kyom3spws85ysbocntmg0zty2juur2" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' unapatikana katika [[kaunti ya Kitui]], [[mashariki]] mwa [[Kenya]].

[[Maji]] yake yanaishia katika [[mto Tana]], ambao ndio mrefu kuliko yote nchini, na hatimaye katika [[bahari ya Hindi]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya kaunti ya Kitui]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mito ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-KE}}

[[Jamii:Mito ya Kenya]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Kitui]]
[[Jamii:Mto Tana]]
[[Jamii:Bahari ya Hindi]]</text>
      <sha1>5kyom3spws85ysbocntmg0zty2juur2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mto Myondoni</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>106881</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576580</id>
      <parentid>1048207</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:19:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576580</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="486" sha1="bxbelrrzc5gk89adhb556sci94r200w" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' unapatikana katika [[kaunti ya Machakos]], kusini mwa [[Kenya]]. 

[[Maji]] yake yanaishia katika [[mto Athi-Galana-Sabaki]] na hatimaye katika [[Bahari ya Hindi]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya kaunti ya Machakos]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mito ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-KE}}

[[Jamii:Mito ya Kenya]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Machakos]]
[[Jamii:Mto Galana]]
[[Jamii:Bahari ya Hindi]]</text>
      <sha1>bxbelrrzc5gk89adhb556sci94r200w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mto Engare Siyiapei</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>107075</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576585</id>
      <parentid>1048415</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:21:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576585</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="337" sha1="i1lcswnge0a4an2wfg8t10q4207d6eg" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' unapatikana katika [[kaunti ya Narok]], [[magharibi]] mwa [[Kenya]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya kaunti ya Narok]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mito ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-KE}}

[[Jamii:Mito ya Kenya]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Narok]]</text>
      <sha1>i1lcswnge0a4an2wfg8t10q4207d6eg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mto Masandare</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>107096</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576592</id>
      <parentid>1048436</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:23:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576592</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="337" sha1="i1lcswnge0a4an2wfg8t10q4207d6eg" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' unapatikana katika [[kaunti ya Narok]], [[magharibi]] mwa [[Kenya]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya kaunti ya Narok]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mito ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-KE}}

[[Jamii:Mito ya Kenya]]
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Narok]]</text>
      <sha1>i1lcswnge0a4an2wfg8t10q4207d6eg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mto Mwamhule</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>107886</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576586</id>
      <parentid>1051200</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:22:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576586</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="254" sha1="ii847x84lbk7gnnd163zftkw1zmt7uf" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' unapatikana [[kaskazini]] mwa [[Tanzania]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito ya Tanzania]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mito ya Tanzania}}
{{mbegu-jio-TZ}}
[[Jamii:Mito ya Tanzania]]</text>
      <sha1>ii847x84lbk7gnnd163zftkw1zmt7uf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ilebo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>108681</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576591</id>
      <parentid>1054670</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:23:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576591</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4532" sha1="a3btoh0t5owlz979hg7ooygh7ik6ad7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
&lt;!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--&gt;
&lt;!-- Basic info  ----------------&gt;
|official_name          = Ilebo
|other_name             =
|native_name            =  &lt;!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --&gt;
|nickname               = 
|settlement_type        = &lt;!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--&gt;
|motto                  =
&lt;!-- images and maps  -----------&gt;
|image_skyline          = 
|imagesize              = 
|image_caption          = 
|image_flag             = 
|flag_size              =
|image_seal             = 
|seal_size              =
|image_shield           = 
|shield_size            =
|image_blank_emblem     =
|blank_emblem_type      =
|blank_emblem_size      =
|image_map              = 
|mapsize                = 
|map_caption            = 
|image_map1             = 
|mapsize1               = 
|map_caption1           = 
|image_dot_map          =
|dot_mapsize            =
|dot_map_caption        =
|dot_x =  |dot_y =
|pushpin_map            = 
|pushpin_label_position = 
|pushpin_map_caption    = 
&lt;!-- Location ------------------&gt;
|subdivision_type       = Country
|subdivision_name       = [[Image:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|25px]] [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]
|subdivision_type1      = [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Mkoa]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[mkoa wa Kasai|Kasai]]
|subdivision_type2      = 
|subdivision_name2      = 
|subdivision_type3      = 
|subdivision_name3      = 
|subdivision_type4      = 
|subdivision_name4      =
&lt;!-- Politics -----------------&gt;
|government_footnotes   =
|government_type        =
|leader_title           =
|leader_name            =
|leader_title1          =  &lt;!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --&gt;
|leader_name1           =
|leader_title2          =
|leader_name2           =
|leader_title3          =
|leader_name3           =
|leader_title4          =
|leader_name4           =
|established_title      = 
|established_date       = 
|established_title2     =  &lt;!-- Incorporated (town) --&gt;
|established_date2      = 
|established_title3     =  &lt;!-- Incorporated (city) --&gt;
|established_date3      =
&lt;!-- Area    ---------------------&gt;
|area_magnitude         = 
|area_footnotes           =
|area_total_km2           = 
|area_land_km2            = &lt;!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--&gt;
|area_water_km2           =
|area_total_sq_mi         =
|area_land_sq_mi          =
|area_water_sq_mi         =
|area_water_percent       =
|area_urban_km2           =
|area_urban_sq_mi         =
|area_metro_km2           =
|area_metro_sq_mi         =
|area_blank1_title        =
|area_blank1_km2          =
|area_blank1_sq_mi        =
&lt;!-- Population   -----------------------&gt;
|population_as_of               =
|population_footnotes           =
|population_note                =
|population_total               =
|population_density_km2         =auto
|population_density_sq_mi       =
|population_metro               =
|population_density_metro_km2   =
|population_density_metro_sq_mi =
|population_urban               =
|population_density_urban_km2   =
|population_density_urban_sq_mi =
|population_blank1_title        =
|population_blank1              =
|population_blank2_title        =
|population_blank2              =
|population_density_blank1_km2 =   
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi =
&lt;!-- General information  ---------------&gt;
|timezone               = 
|utc_offset             = 
|timezone_DST           = 
|utc_offset_DST         = 
|coordinates            = 
|elevation_footnotes    =  &lt;!--for references: use &lt;ref&gt; &lt;/ref&gt; tags--&gt;
|kimo_m            = 
|elevation_ft           =
&lt;!-- Area/postal codes &amp; others --------&gt;
|postal_code_type       =  &lt;!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --&gt;
|postal_code            =
|area_code              =
|blank_name             = 
|blank_info             = 
|blank1_name            = [[Lugha za Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Lugha]]
|blank1_info            = 
|website                = 
|footnotes              = 
}}

'''Ilebo'''  ni [[mji]] wa [[mkoa wa Kasai]] katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. 

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya miji ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}
{{coord|4|19|S|20|36|E|region:CD|display=inline,title}}
{{mbegu-jio-Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}

[[Category:Mkoa wa Kasai]]
[[Category:Miji ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]</text>
      <sha1>a3btoh0t5owlz979hg7ooygh7ik6ad7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kisiwa cha Anyi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>109257</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576578</id>
      <parentid>1055998</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:17:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576578</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="340" sha1="cpqxuwe5zcodfnveffmr8arql7jm7b6" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni kati ya [[visiwa]] vya [[Uganda]] ([[Mkoa wa Kaskazini (Uganda)|Mkoa wa Kaskazini]], [[Wilaya ya Moyo]]).

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya visiwa vya Uganda]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mbegu-jio-Uganda}}

[[Jamii:Visiwa vya Uganda]]
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Moyo]]</text>
      <sha1>cpqxuwe5zcodfnveffmr8arql7jm7b6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kisiwa cha Duweru</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>109482</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576561</id>
      <parentid>1056795</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:11:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576561</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="423" sha1="gnnw5z497llvo18kxbxpufpvjabhenq" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni kati ya [[visiwa]] vya [[Uganda]] [[kusini]] ([[Mkoa wa Kati (Uganda)|Mkoa wa Kati]], [[Wilaya ya Buvuma]]).

Kinapatikana katika [[ziwa Nyanza]], la pili [[duniani]] kwa ukubwa.

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya visiwa vya Uganda]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mbegu-jio-Uganda}}

[[Jamii:Visiwa vya Uganda]]
[[Jamii:Visiwa vya Ziwa Viktoria]]</text>
      <sha1>gnnw5z497llvo18kxbxpufpvjabhenq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kisiwa cha Nziribanje</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>109773</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576559</id>
      <parentid>1057634</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:10:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576559</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="458" sha1="b5cly9i0t3nai5kqocieu0nhvwkzxhh" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni kati ya [[visiwa]] vya [[Uganda]] [[kusini]] ([[Mkoa wa Kati (Uganda)|Mkoa wa Kati]], [[Wilaya ya Mukono]]).

Kinapatikana katika [[ziwa Nyanza]], la pili [[duniani]] kwa ukubwa wa eneo.

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya visiwa vya Uganda]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mbegu-jio-Uganda}}

[[Jamii:Visiwa vya Uganda]]
[[Jamii:Visiwa vya Ziwa Viktoria]]
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Mukono]]</text>
      <sha1>b5cly9i0t3nai5kqocieu0nhvwkzxhh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mto Murei</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>110269</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576594</id>
      <parentid>1058993</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:24:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576594</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="483" sha1="03vjx5fiflrujleut8w2nezxnqvnoat" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' unapatikana [[Mkoa wa Kaskazini (Uganda)|kaskazini]] mwa [[Uganda]]. 

[[Maji]] yake yanaishia katika [[mto Naili]] na hatimaye katika [[Bahari ya Kati]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya mito ya Uganda]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya wilaya ya Adjumani]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mito ya Uganda}}
{{mbegu-jio-Uganda}}

[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Adjumani]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Uganda]]
[[Jamii:Nile]]
[[Jamii:Mediteranea]]</text>
      <sha1>03vjx5fiflrujleut8w2nezxnqvnoat</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mto Alilit</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>110863</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576596</id>
      <parentid>1060058</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:24:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: fixed references and maintenance</comment>
      <origin>1576596</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="479" sha1="gvffiquct1ifjef1opuxh9mp2nn55y6" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' unapatikana [[Mkoa wa Kaskazini (Uganda)|kaskazini]] mwa [[Uganda]]. 

[[Maji]] yake yanaishia katika [[mto Naili]] na hatimaye katika [[Bahari ya Kati]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya mito ya Uganda]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya wilaya ya Kitgum]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mito ya Uganda}}
{{mbegu-jio-Uganda}}

[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kitgum]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Uganda]]
[[Jamii:Nile]]
[[Jamii:Mediteranea]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Yoshiro Moriyama</title>
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      <text bytes="934" sha1="c3r6i8h2h3upvrrdnv2muxgfxqdmln4" xml:space="preserve">'''Yoshiro Moriyama''' (森山 佳郎; alizaliwa [[9 Novemba]] [[1967]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa [[Japani]]. Aliwahi kucheza [[Timu ya Taifa ya Kandanda ya Japani|timu ya taifa ya Japani]].

Moriyama alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza katika [[Timu ya Taifa ya Kandanda ya Japani|timu ya taifa ya Japani]] tarehe 8 Julai 1994 dhidi ya [[Timu ya Taifa ya Kandanda ya Ghana|Ghana]]. Moriyama alicheza Japani katika mechi 7.&lt;ref name=&quot;JNFTD&quot;&gt;[http://www.jfootball-db.com/en/players/moriyama_yoshiro.html Japan National Football Team Database]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Takwimu==
&lt;ref name=&quot;JNFTD&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;/&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
!colspan=&quot;3&quot;|[[Timu ya Taifa ya Kandanda ya Japani|Timu ya Taifa ya Japani]]
|-
!Mwaka||Mechi||Magoli
|-
|1994||7||0
|-
!Jumla||7||0
|}

== Marejeo ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}}
{{BD|1967|}}
[[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Mto Gitobo</title>
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      <text bytes="484" sha1="e2b5cekluybkc4y3dmb0mni62z7wi1v" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (pia: '''Gitaba''') unapatikana [[kaskazini]] mwa [[Burundi]] ([[mkoa wa Ngozi]]).

[[Maji]] yake huelekea [[Mto Naili]] na hatimaye [[Bahari ya Kati]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Ngozi]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya Burundi]]
* [[Mito mirefu ya Afrika]]

== Marejeo ==
{{Reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mbegu-jio-Burundi}}
[[Jamii:Mito ya Burundi|G]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Ngozi]]
[[Jamii:Nile]]
[[Jamii:Mediteranea]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Mto Nyamikungu (Ruyigi)</title>
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      <text bytes="535" sha1="s9aofbqlrruku93mmmxhv0w48bjsj60" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' unapatikana katika [[mkoa wa Ruyigi]] ([[mashariki]] mwa [[Burundi]]).

[[Maji]] yake huelekea [[Ziwa Tanganyika]], [[Mto Kongo]] na hatimaye [[Bahari]] ya [[Atlantiki]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Ruyigi]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya Burundi]]
* [[Mito mirefu ya Afrika]]

== Marejeo ==
{{Reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mbegu-jio-Burundi}}
[[Jamii:Mito ya Burundi|N]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Ruyigi|N]]
[[Jamii:Ziwa Tanganyika]]
[[Jamii:Mto Kongo]]
[[Jamii:Atlantiki]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Mto Komothai</title>
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      <text bytes="415" sha1="bnvnhgux78f113j7ymerij4mfyi80fv" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' unapatikana katika [[kaunti ya Kiambu]], katikati ya [[Kenya]].

[[Maji]] yake yanaishia katika [[Bahari ya Hindi]].

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mito ya Kenya]]
* [[Orodha ya mito ya kaunti ya Kiambu]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org]
{{mito ya Kenya}}
{{mbegu-jio-Kenya}}
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Kiambu]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Kenya]]
[[Jamii:Bahari ya Hindi]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Neema Mduma</title>
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      <comment>/* Elimu */</comment>
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      <text bytes="9372" sha1="iitqmwmypi6gc0i32elgwgxw1niol4l" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Person|jina=Neema Mduma|picha=|mahala_pa_kuzaliwa=Morogoro|utaifa=Tanzania|kazi_yake=Mhadhiri Mwandamizi|kazi maarufu=|mwajiri=Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology|wakala=|elimu=Shahada ya Uzamivu (PhD)|mhitimu=|cheo=|jumuia=|anajulikana kwa ajili ya=|dini=Mkristo|ndoa=Ameolewa|mwenza=Hudson Laizer|mahusiano=|wazazi=Baba: Mathias Mduma 
Mama: Judith Tesha|tovuti=https://nm-aist.ac.tz|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa={{birth date and age|df=yes|1989|10|21}}|asasi=BakiShule|dhehebu=Mlutheri}}
'''Neema Mduma''' (alizaliwa [[Mkoa wa Morogoro|mkoani Morogoro]], {{birth date and age|df=yes|1989|10|21}} ni mwanazuoni, [[daktari]] aliyebobea kwenye taaluma ya [[sayansi]] na [[teknolojia]]. Ni mmoja kati ya Watanzania waliowahi pata Udaktari wa [[Filosofia]] (PhD) katika umri mdogo na kati ya watu wenye kuwatia ari mabinti wengine katika masuala ya elimu, hususani masomo yenye kuhusisha sayansi na hesabu.   

== Elimu == 
Neema, ambaye kwa [[kabila]] ni [[Wapare|Mpare]], baba yake ni mchungaji wa kanisa anayefahamika kwa jina la Mathias Mduma na mama yake ni mwalimu anayefahamika kwa jina la Judith Tesha. 

Alisoma awali katika [[shule ya msingi]] Bungo iliyopo mjini [[Morogoro]] kuanzia mwaka [[1996]] mpaka mwaka [[2002]]. Kuhitimu kwake darasa la saba kukampa nafasi ya kuchaguliwa kujiunga na elimu ya sekondari [[Kilakala Secondary School|Kilakala Sekondari]] ambayo ni shule ya vipaji maalumu kwa wasichana. Hivyo alianza kidato cha kwanza mwaka [[2003]] na kuhitimu kidato cha nne mwaka [[2006]] na kuendelea na kidato cha tano mwaka [[2007]] na kuhitimu kidato cha sita mwaka [[2009]] hapo hapo Kilakala.

Mwaka 2009 alipata nafasi ya kujiunga na masomo ya elimu ya juu katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Iringa (UoI)|Chuo Kikuu cha Iringa]] (zamani [[Tumaini University|Tumaini]]) na kuanza masomo ya shahada ya kwanza na alisomea shahada ya [[Sayansi ya Habari na Mawasiliano]]. Mara baada ya kumaliza shahada hiyo alijiunga na taasisi ya [[Taasisi ya Sayansi na Teknolojia ya Nelson Mandela|NM-AIST]] na kuendelea na shahada ya sayansi ya uzamili (MSc) na baadae [[Uzamivu|shahada ya uzamivu]] ([[PhD|PhD)]] kwenye mambo ya sayansi na teknolojia ya mawasiliano akibobea katika masuala ya [[Akili mnemba]].

== Kazi ==
Neema zaidi ya kuwa na [[mapenzi]] na elimu, ni [[Utafiti|mtafiti]] mzuri na amekuwa akishirikiana na watafiti wenzake katika kutafuta namna mbali mbali za kuweza tatua changamoto za kijamii. Mfano wakati wa mlipuko wa ugonjwa wa [[COVID-19]], Neema alishirikiana na wenzake kutoka Kenya na Uganda na kuweza fanikiwa pata fedha ya kuwawezesha kufanya utafiti katika kada za kilimo, elimu na afya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://newafricanmagazine.com/25116/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2024-03-09 |archive-date=2023-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603205119/https://newafricanmagazine.com/25116/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mara baada ya kumaliza masomo, Neema aliajiriwa kama Mkufunzi msaidizi katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Iringa kuanzia mwaka 2012 hadi mwaka 2017 kisha akajiunga na Taasisi ya Afrika ya Sayansi na Teknolojia ya Nelson Mandela ambapo alifanikiwa kuajiriwa na kuwa Mhadhiri msaidizi na baadae kama Mhadhiri, na tarehe 23 mwezi wa pili mwaka  2024 Neema alipandishwa daraja kutoka Mhadhiri na kuwa Mhadhiri mwandamizi baada ya kukidhi vigezo vya kufundisha, kufanya tafiti na kutoa machapisho ya kisayansi.

== Shughuli za kijamii ==
Neema akiwa anamalizia masomo yake ya [[uzamivu]] (PhD), aliamua kufanya utafiti na kujikita katika kutafuta suluhisho la kudumu ili kuweza tatua tatizo la utoro mashuleni wenye kupelekea wanafunzi kufeli katika masomo yao au kuacha shule kabisa. Hivyo alitengeneza mfumo ulio itwa Baki shule. Mfumo huu unatumia akili mnembe katika kutambua viashiria vya utoro ulio kithiri ama dalili za utoro kwa mwanafunzi au wanafunzi na kuweza wasaidia wazazi na walimu kutambua mapema kabla tatizo halija kithiri na kuathiri ufaulu wa mtoto darasani.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Ili kuweza saidia jamii ya Kitanzania, Neema hutumia muda wake wa ziada kukutana na mabinti mashuleni na kuweza zungumza nao kuhusu masomo ya Sayansi na Hesabu huku akitoa mafunzo ya kuandika mistari ya Codes zenye kufanya Kompyuta kutenda jambo fulani. Elimu hii huwasaidia mabinti kuweza penda masomo ya Sayansi na Hesabu hivyo kuweza timiza ndoto zao za kuwa Wanasayansi kama Neema au kwenda mbali zaidi. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/magazines/woman/neema-academic-who-inspires-girls-to-break-the-glass-ceiling-3709182#google_vignette&lt;/ref&gt;

== Miradi endelevu ==
# Mradi wa kutumia takwimu katika kupambanua changamoto za magonjwa kwenye mazao. Mradi unao dhaminiwa na IDRC na SIDA kupitia LACUNA Fund in Agriculture (2023)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10121386/&lt;/ref&gt;
# Mradi wa kujifunza kwa kina mbinu  za kugundua mapema magonjwa katika mazao. Mradi huu unafadhiriwa na IDRC na SIDA kupitia Kituo cha mafunzo ya Teknolojia cha Africa (ACTS)&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Detecting Crop Diseases Using Mobile Application|url=https://www.acts-net.org/blogs/foresight-africa-blog/detecting-crop-diseases-using-mobile-application|work=www.acts-net.org|accessdate=2024-03-09|language=en-gb|author=Super User|archive-date=2024-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240309101936/https://www.acts-net.org/blogs/foresight-africa-blog/detecting-crop-diseases-using-mobile-application|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mijadala na mihadhara ==
Matumizi ya &quot;Machines Learning&quot; kwenye Elimu, Kilimo na Afya &lt;ref&gt;https://globalyoungacademy.net/nmduma/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tuzo na teuzi mbalimbali ==
# 100 Tanzanian Changemakers Iliyo tolewa na Serengeti Bytes, 2023
# Appointed Member of the Committee for Preparing Tanzania Development Vision 2050, 2023
# Appointed Member of the Committee for Preparing the Concept on Supporting the Establishment of the Africa Centres of Excellence (ACEs) in Tanzania, 2023
# Distinguished Staff awarded by the school of CoCSE at the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, 2023
# Best Worker for Academic Staff at the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, 2022
# WIMA STEM iliyo tolewa na Women in Management Africa (WIMA), 2021
# Excellence in Science and Technology Leadership iliyo tolewa na Coca-Cola Kwanza Ltd, 2021
# International Women’s Day Recognition iliyo tolewa na Puma Energy Tanzania, 2021
# L’Oréal-UNESCO for Women in Science, 20 Young Talents in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2020
# Women in Science iliyo tolewa na Next Einstein Forum, 2019
# Tanzania Sheroes Iliyo tolewa na taasisi ya The Launchpad na Ubalozi wa Sweden, 2019
# Queen Elizabeth Scholar Iliyo tolewa na the Carleton University Mjini Ottawa Nchini Canada, 2019
# Deep Learning Indaba conference, MIT Press Book award iliyo tolewa Nairobi, Kenya, 2019
# The 4th Business Plan Competition, First winning team in Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, 2016
# Nelson Mandela Week Exhibitions, Third winner award in Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, 2015

== Viungo vya nje ==
# https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/magazines/woman/neema-academic-who-inspires-girls-to-break-the-glass-ceiling-3709182
# https://african.business/2021/02/technology-information/young-african-women-in-stem-neema-mduma-machine-learning
# https://africa.businessinsider.com/local/lifestyle/dollar63000-granted-to-the-amazing-tanzanian-woman-using-machine-learning-for/z56lkxd
# https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k9fKzhIf3Fk
# https://mzalendo.co.tz/2023/03/30/tumieni-tehama-kutatua-changamoto/
# https://fullshangweblog.co.tz/2023/03/30/tumieni-tehama-kutatua-changamoto/
# https://www.sayarinews.co.tz/2023/03/tumieni-tehama-kutatua-changamoto.html
# https://www.dulenews.com/2023/03/tumieni-tehama-kutatua-changamoto.html?m=1 {{Wayback|url=https://www.dulenews.com/2023/03/tumieni-tehama-kutatua-changamoto.html?m=1 |date=20240312223752 }}
# https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVOPgxT-dD4
# https://www.growfurther.org/teaching-smartphones-how-to-predict-plant-disease/?utm_source=Grow+Further&amp;amp;utm_campaign=1323c48795-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2023_02_21_10_15&amp;amp;utm_medium=email&amp;amp;utm_term=0_-1323c48795-%5BLIST_EMAIL_ID%5D
# https://www.growfurther.org/now-comes-the-hard-part/
# https://owsd.net/news/news-events/owsd-early-career-fellows-announced {{Wayback|url=https://owsd.net/news/news-events/owsd-early-career-fellows-announced |date=20240312223753 }}
# https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DljSd-mbSGY
# https://en.unesco.org/news/unesco-and-foundation-loreal-recognize-20-young-women-scientists-sub-saharan-africa
# https://www.france24.com/fr/vidéo/20211208-tanzanie-une-application-pour-prévenir-le-décrochage-scolaire
# https://www.africanews.com/2020/11/26/empowering-african-women-in-science-business-africa/
# https://theexchange.africa/countries/tanzania/meet-tanzanias-youngest-phd-holder-winner-of-youngest-women-scientist-awards/?amp=1
# https://newafricanmagazine.com/25116/ {{Wayback|url=https://newafricanmagazine.com/25116/ |date=20230603205119 }}
# https://african.business/2021/02/technology-information/young-african-women-in-stem-neema-mduma-machine-learning/
# https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/magazines/woman/women-in-leadership-and-the-next-level-of-success-4107130
{{BD|1989|}}
[[Jamii:Wanawake wa Tanzania]]
&lt;references responsive=&quot;&quot; /&gt;</text>
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    <title>Kisiwa cha Boza</title>
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      <text bytes="415" sha1="79c3mbwv5ra8zobcxkwwu5yp0el64ef" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[kisiwa]] karibu na pwani ya [[kusini]] ya [[Tanzania]], kwenye [[Bahari ya Hindi]] ambacho kilikuwa mahali pa makazi ya [[Waswahili]] wa kale . 

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya visiwa vya Tanzania]]
* [[Orodha ya miji ya kale ya Waswahili]]

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}
{{mbegu-jio-Tanzania}}
[[Jamii:visiwa vya Bahari ya Hindi]]
[[Jamii:visiwa vya Tanzania]]
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      <text bytes="1345" sha1="pp00gxo8w7rdy16jikj6etcd8jt1l9q" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:OEL right.JPG|thumb|alt=OELD|OELD]]
'''OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode)'''' ni [[teknolojia]] ya kioo inayotumia vifaa vya kikaboni kutoa mwanga bila kutumia taa ya nyuma, ikitoa rangi halisi na weusi kamili. Inatumia nishati kidogo na ni nyembamba, inatumika sana kwa [[simu]] za kisasa na vifaa vingine vya kielektroniki&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/adma.200902148|pmid=20217752|title=Recent Advances in White Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices (WOLEDs)|year=2010|last1=Kamtekar|first1=K. T.|last2=Monkman|first2=A. P.|last3=Bryce|first3=M. R.|journal=Advanced Materials|volume=22|pages=572–582|issue=5|bibcode=2010AdM....22..572K |s2cid=205234304}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/adma.200400684|title=White Organic Light-Emitting Devices for Solid-State Lighting|year=2004|last1=D'Andrade|first1=B. W.|last2=Forrest|first2=S. R.|journal=Advanced Materials|volume=16|pages=1585–1595|issue=18|bibcode=2004AdM....16.1585D |s2cid=137230337}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|doi=10.1109/JDT.2013.2248698|title=White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes for Solid-State Lighting|year=2013|last1=Chang|first1=Yi-Lu|last2=Lu|first2=Zheng-Hong|journal=Journal of Display Technology|volume=PP|page=1|issue=99|bibcode = 2013JDisT...9..459C |s2cid=19503009}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}
{{mbegu-teknolojia}}
[[Jamii: Teknolojia]]</text>
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| aina                  = 620
| picha                 = Lifan_2010.jpg
| inchi_za_kuzalisha    = [[Uchina]] [[Azerbaijan]] [[Uajemi]] [[Uruguay]] [[Urusi]] [[Uturuki]]
| injini                = Petroli, silinda 4
| abiria                = 5
| upana                 = 1.71m
| urefu                 = 4.55m
| urefu_wa_juu          = 1.50m
| uzito                 = 1150kg
}}

'''Lifan 620''' ni gari kutoka [[Uchina]].

==Viungo vya nje==


[[Jamii:magari]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Samia (mwanamuziki)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>452</id>
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      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Samia (Mwanamuziki)]] hadi [[Samia (mwanamuziki)]]: urahisi wa kuupata</comment>
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      <text bytes="1107" sha1="rkkil1r920tf861ai3r3lbe08culkld" xml:space="preserve">'''Samia Najimy Finnerty''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[12 Desemba]], [[1996]]) ni [[mwimbaji]] na [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]] na mchezaji muziki kutoka [[Marekani]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/features/interviews/samia-on-the-rise-no-one-puts-baby-in-the-corner|title = New York songwriter Samia Finnerty proves that no one puts baby in the corner|website=Thelineofbestfit.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;pitchfork&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Bardhan |first1=Ashley |title=Samia: The Baby |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/samia-the-baby/ |publisher=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]] |accessdate=21 October 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url =https://issuu.com/yorkprep/docs/york-prep-winter-2014-newsletter/20 | title =York Prep Winter 2014 Newsletter, page 20 | date =13 August 2014 | website =Issuu | access-date =3 December 2021 | archive-date =2024-11-30 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20241130213117/https://issuu.com/yorkprep/docs/york-prep-winter-2014-newsletter/20 | url-status =dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Marejeo==
{{reflist}}
{{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}}
{{BD|1996|}}
[[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Marekani]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1097" sha1="qym7dbcrlrrc3t9s7fwvq5a2aktfgam" xml:space="preserve">'''Samia Najimy Finnerty''' (alizaliwa [[12 Desemba]] [[1996]]) ni [[mwimbaji]], [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]] na mchezaji muziki kutoka [[Marekani]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/features/interviews/samia-on-the-rise-no-one-puts-baby-in-the-corner|title = New York songwriter Samia Finnerty proves that no one puts baby in the corner|website=Thelineofbestfit.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;pitchfork&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Bardhan |first1=Ashley |title=Samia: The Baby |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/samia-the-baby/ |publisher=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]] |accessdate=21 October 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url =https://issuu.com/yorkprep/docs/york-prep-winter-2014-newsletter/20 | title =York Prep Winter 2014 Newsletter, page 20 | date =13 August 2014 | website =Issuu | access-date =3 December 2021 | archive-date =2024-11-30 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20241130213117/https://issuu.com/yorkprep/docs/york-prep-winter-2014-newsletter/20 | url-status =dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Marejeo==
{{reflist}}
{{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}}
{{BD|1996|}}
[[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Marekani]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wilaya ya Vubwi</title>
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      <text bytes="821" sha1="grrfbvq6bj4e7zsc7zi50n0urgsjmtd" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Vubwi District, Zambia 2022.png|thumb|250px|{{PAGENAME}} nchini Zambia.]]
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[wilaya]] mojawapo kati ya 116 zinazounda [[Mikoa ya Zambia|mikoa]] 10 ya [[Zambia]]. Inapatikana katika [[Mkoa wa Mashariki (Zambia)|Mkoa wa Mashariki]] pamoja na nyingine 14. Kadiri ya [[sensa]] ya [[mwaka]] [[2022]] ina wakazi 53,080 katika eneo la [[Kilomita ya mraba|kilometa mraba]] 981.7 &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/@africa/@ro-abidjan/@ilo-lusaka/documents/genericdocument/wcms_888660.pdf 2022 Census of Population and Housing - Preliminary Report] (PDF)&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Tazama pia ==
*[[Ugatuzi nchini Zambia]]
*[[Orodha ya miji ya Zambia]]

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references/&gt;
{{Mikoa ya Zambia}}
{{mbegu-jio-Zambia}}
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Mashariki (Zambia)]]
[[Jamii:Wilaya za Zambia]]</text>
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      <text bytes="817" sha1="h5rtel2hvrdv8lwocb40lskklnlzh96" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Luangwa District, Zambia 2022.png|thumb|250px|{{PAGENAME}} nchini Zambia.]]
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[wilaya]] mojawapo kati ya 116 zinazounda [[Mikoa ya Zambia|mikoa]] 10 ya [[Zambia]]. Inapatikana katika [[Mkoa wa Lusaka]] pamoja na nyingine 5. Kadiri ya [[sensa]] ya [[mwaka]] [[2022]] ina wakazi 35,933 katika eneo la [[Kilomita ya mraba|kilometa mraba]]  &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/@africa/@ro-abidjan/@ilo-lusaka/documents/genericdocument/wcms_888660.pdf 2022 Census of Population and Housing - Preliminary Report] (PDF)&lt;/ref&gt;. [[Makao makuu]] ya wilaya yako [[Luangwa]].

== Tazama pia ==
*[[Ugatuzi nchini Zambia]]
*[[Orodha ya miji ya Zambia]]

== Marejeo ==
{{marejeo}}
{{Mikoa ya Zambia}}
{{mbegu-jio-Zambia}}
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Lusaka]]
[[Jamii:Wilaya za Zambia]]</text>
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      <text bytes="821" sha1="gihwe66sndcgpdik7c7bf1epa47me41" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Lusaka District, Zambia 2022.png|thumb|250px|{{PAGENAME}} nchini Zambia.]]
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[wilaya]] mojawapo kati ya 116 zinazounda [[Mikoa ya Zambia|mikoa]] 10 ya [[Zambia]]. Inapatikana katika [[Mkoa wa Lusaka]] pamoja na nyingine 5. Kadiri ya [[sensa]] ya [[mwaka]] [[2022]] ina wakazi 2,204,059 katika eneo la [[Kilomita ya mraba|kilometa mraba]] 418 &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/@africa/@ro-abidjan/@ilo-lusaka/documents/genericdocument/wcms_888660.pdf 2022 Census of Population and Housing - Preliminary Report] (PDF)&lt;/ref&gt;. [[Makao makuu]] ya wilaya yako [[Lusaka]].

== Tazama pia ==
*[[Ugatuzi nchini Zambia]]
*[[Orodha ya miji ya Zambia]]

== Marejeo ==
{{marejeo}}
{{Mikoa ya Zambia}}
{{mbegu-jio-Zambia}}
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Lusaka]]
[[Jamii:Wilaya za Zambia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>208508</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576542</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:42:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
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      <comment>#2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column</comment>
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      <text bytes="21759" sha1="ellruqgv5754qlncp7u1cyxwu0assuj" xml:space="preserve">{{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}}
{{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}}

== Yaliyomo ==
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;&quot;&gt;
Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]].
[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;i&gt;Gayle157&lt;sup&gt;2.0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;'''&lt;/div&gt;]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

== Mwongozo ==
===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa===
'''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Jedwali la nchi}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana.

===Utangulizi=== 
{{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}}
Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo:
====Aya ya Utangulizi====
Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800.
Mfano:
&lt;/br&gt;
{{Blockquote|
'''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}}
====Aya zinazofuata====
Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii.

===Mwili===
Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji.

====Asili ya jina==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi.
====Historia====
Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa.

====Jiografia====
Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili.

====Demografia==== 
Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana.
====Uchumi====
Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato.
====Serikali na siasa==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa.
====Utamaduni====
Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa.
====Tazama pia====
Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika.

====Marejeo==== 
Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa.
====Viungo vya nje==== 
Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo.

== Makala ==


{{Chati ya duara
| caption= CAQI (2026-06-25)
| label1 = Makala Bora
| value1 = 7
| color1= green
| label2 = Makala Nzuri
| value2 = 9
| color2= yellow
| label3 = Makala Msingi
| value3 = 60
| color3= orange
| label4 = Makala ya Chini
| value4 = 73
| color4= lightblue
| label5 = Mbegu
| value5 = 26
| color5= red
}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nchi
! CAQI (2026-06-25)&lt;br /&gt;
! Mitazamo (siku 30)&lt;br /&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:green&quot; | Makala Bora
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
| 9.56
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 638
|-
| [[Kenya]]
| 9.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 770
|-
| [[Tanzania]]
| 9.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 2789
|-
| [[Ghana]]
| 8.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 307
|-
| [[Marekani]]
| 8.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1330
|-
| [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]]
| 8.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1032
|-
| [[Afrika Kusini]]
| 8.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 539
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:yellow&quot; | Makala Nzuri
|-
| [[Hispania]]
| 7.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 286
|-
| [[Irani]]
| 7.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 478
|-
| [[Ethiopia]]
| 7.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 354
|-
| [[Urusi]]
| 7.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 789
|-
| [[Burundi]]
| 7.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 464
|-
| [[Sudan Kusini]]
| 7.28
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 160
|-
| [[Nigeria]]
| 7.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 281
|-
| [[Australia]]
| 7.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 588
|-
| [[Somalia]]
| 7.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 208
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:orange&quot; | Makala Msingi
|-
| [[Senegal]]
| 6.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 236
|-
| [[Ufaransa]]
| 6.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 531
|-
| [[Italia]]
| 6.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 216
|-
| [[Falme za Kiarabu]]
| 6.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 166
|-
| [[Laos]]
| 5.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Uingereza]]
| 5.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 458
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]]
| 5.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 430
|-
| [[Rwanda]]
| 5.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 263
|-
| [[Korea Kaskazini]]
| 5.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 205
|-
| [[Mali]]
| 5.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 144
|-
| [[Korea Kusini]]
| 5.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 193
|-
| [[Ufini]]
| 5.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 131
|-
| [[Uswisi]]
| 5.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 256
|-
| [[Israeli]]
| 5.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 438
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Muungano]]
| 5.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 160
|-
| [[Cabo Verde]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1647
|-
| [[Zambia]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 177
|-
| [[Ujerumani]]
| 4.83
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 382
|-
| [[Niger]]
| 4.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Misri]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 319
|-
| [[Uganda]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 423
|-
| [[Afghanistan]]
| 4.70
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 88
|-
| [[Shelisheli]]
| 4.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 154
|-
| [[Japani]]
| 4.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 343
|-
| [[San Marino]]
| 4.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 53
|-
| [[Chad]]
| 4.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 86
|-
| [[Austria]]
| 4.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 163
|-
| [[Kamerun]]
| 4.47
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 98
|-
| [[Vatikani]]
| 4.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 270
|-
| [[Gine Bisau]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 39
|-
| [[Ukraini]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 231
|-
| [[Sudan]]
| 4.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 101
|-
| [[Uswidi]]
| 4.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 155
|-
| [[Uholanzi]]
| 4.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 402
|-
| [[Kanada]]
| 4.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 470
|-
| [[Kamboja]]
| 4.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Moroko]]
| 4.13
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 233
|-
| [[Uhindi]]
| 4.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 271
|-
| [[Malawi]]
| 4.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 180
|-
| [[Pakistani]]
| 3.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 79
|-
| [[Ubelgiji]]
| 3.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 169
|-
| [[Udeni]]
| 3.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Burkina Faso]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 97
|-
| [[Ugiriki]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 188
|-
| [[Vietnam]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 112
|-
| [[Bulgaria]]
| 3.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Ureno]]
| 3.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 350
|-
| [[Isilandi]]
| 3.77
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Msumbiji]]
| 3.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 271
|-
| [[Aljeria]]
| 3.73
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 56
|-
| [[Kazakhstan]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 65
|-
| [[Malta]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Indonesia]]
| 3.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 109
|-
| [[Singapuri]]
| 3.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 406
|-
| [[Uturuki]]
| 3.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 477
|-
| [[Papua Guinea Mpya]]
| 3.61
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Eritrea]]
| 3.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Uthai]]
| 3.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Angola]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 112
|-
| [[Hong Kong]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 100
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:lightblue&quot; | Makala ya Chini
|-
| [[Bhutan]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Fiji]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Madagaska]]
| 3.45
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 117
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Udeni]]
| 3.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 12
|-
| [[Palestina]]
| 3.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 202
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]
| 3.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 130
|-
| [[Syria]]
| 3.35
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Latvia]]
| 3.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Myanmar]]
| 3.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Botswana]]
| 3.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 108
|-
| [[Komori]]
| 3.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 149
|-
| [[Liberia]]
| 3.16
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Eswatini]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 136
|-
| [[Morisi]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 79
|-
| [[Jibuti]]
| 3.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 86
|-
| [[Omani]]
| 3.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 102
|-
| [[Polandi]]
| 3.03
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 159
|-
| [[Zimbabwe]]
| 3.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 135
|-
| [[Kosovo]]
| 2.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 58
|-
| [[Benin]]
| 2.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 69
|-
| [[Brunei]]
| 2.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Qatar]]
| 2.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 168
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 137
|-
| [[Saudia]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 120
|-
| [[Gine ya Ikweta]]
| 2.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 43
|-
| [[Lesotho]]
| 2.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Nyuzilandi]]
| 2.86
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 164
|-
| [[Hungaria]]
| 2.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 199
|-
| [[Sierra Leone]]
| 2.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Eire]]
| 2.80
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 70
|-
| [[Liechtenstein]]
| 2.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 52
|-
| [[Gabon]]
| 2.74
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Azerbaijan]]
| 2.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 43
|-
| [[Kroatia]]
| 2.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 121
|-
| [[Slovenia]]
| 2.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 84
|-
| [[Namibia]]
| 2.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 159
|-
| [[Tunisia]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Ufilipino]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 98
|-
| [[Kodivaa]]
| 2.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 118
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya China]]
| 2.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Moldova]]
| 2.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Bahrain]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 53
|-
| [[Norwei]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 150
|-
| [[Luxemburg]]
| 2.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 68
|-
| [[Masedonia Kaskazini]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 40
|-
| [[Yordani]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 123
|-
| [[Mongolia]]
| 2.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 138
|-
| [[Belarus]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Serbia]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 63
|-
| [[Turkmenistan]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 41
|-
| [[Gambia]]
| 2.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Iraki]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 145
|-
| [[Nepal]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Timor ya Mashariki]]
| 2.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Tuvalu]]
| 2.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 42
|-
| [[Sri Lanka]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 49
|-
| [[Yemen]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 74
|-
| [[Andorra]]
| 2.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 124
|-
| [[Kirgizia]]
| 2.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Romania]]
| 2.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 76
|-
| [[Sao Tome na Principe]]
| 2.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 85
|-
| [[Bangladesh]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 234
|-
| [[Libya]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 121
|-
| [[Armenia]]
| 2.19
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Welisi]]
| 2.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Ucheki]]
| 2.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 165
|-
| [[Sahara ya Magharibi]]
| 2.10
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 65
|-
| [[Uzbekistan]]
| 2.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 222
|-
| [[Kuwait]]
| 2.07
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 69
|-
| [[Malaysia]]
| 2.06
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 96
|-
| [[Kupro]]
| 2.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Maldivi]]
| 2.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 132
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:red&quot; | Mbegu
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Cook]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Montenegro]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 45
|-
| [[Nauru]]
| 1.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 31
|-
| [[Ossetia Kusini]]
| 1.97
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 5
|-
| [[Vanuatu]]
| 1.96
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 29
|-
| [[Togo]]
| 1.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Albania]]
| 1.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 51
|-
| [[Mauritania]]
| 1.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Samoa]]
| 1.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 30
|-
| [[Georgia]]
| 1.72
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]]
| 1.71
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 16
|-
| [[Lituanya]]
| 1.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 39
|-
| [[Gine]]
| 1.67
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Niue]]
| 1.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 14
|-
| [[Abkhazia]]
| 1.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 20
|-
| [[Tajikistan]]
| 1.55
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 39
|-
| [[Palau]]
| 1.53
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 73
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Solomon]]
| 1.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Gibraltar]]
| 1.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Estonia]]
| 1.40
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Kiribati]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 28
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 24
|-
| [[Samoa ya Marekani]]
| 1.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 28
|-
| [[Slovakia]]
| 1.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 55
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana]]
| 1.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 15
|-
| [[Tonga]]
| 1.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 44
|}

==Takwimu==


===Takwimu za Jumla===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko
|-
| Jumla ya Makala || 172 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34944 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 31320 || ↑ +4.5%
|-
| Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || —
|-
| Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 182.1 || —
|}

===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko
|-
| 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2789 || ↓ -5.7%
|-
| 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 1647 || ↑ +1580.6%
|-
| 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1330 || ↑ +23.0%
|-
| 4 || [[Urusi]] || 789 || ↑ +60.4%
|-
| 5 || [[Kenya]] || 770 || ↑ +10.2%
|-
| 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 638 || ↓ -7.7%
|-
| 7 || [[Australia]] || 588 || ↑ +69.5%
|-
| 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 539 || ↓ -2.4%
|-
| 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 531 || ↓ -28.8%
|-
| 10 || [[Irani]] || 478 || ↓ -56.5%
|-
|}

====Wahariri====
Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia
|-
| 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 641 || 44.8%
|-
| 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.0%
|-
| 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 126 || 8.8%
|-
| 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 125 || 8.7%
|-
| 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6%
|-
| 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 7 || 0.5%
|-
| 9 || [[User:Jojaruba|Jojaruba]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
| 10 || [[User:~2025-43584-58|~2025-43584-58]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
|}</text>
      <sha1>ellruqgv5754qlncp7u1cyxwu0assuj</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576545</id>
      <parentid>1576542</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:45:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sasisha Takwimu za mradi</comment>
      <origin>1576545</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21760" sha1="s14s89usalgfyr5j32isfwhw3qq5w2n" xml:space="preserve">{{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}}
{{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}}

== Yaliyomo ==
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;&quot;&gt;
Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]].
[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;i&gt;Gayle157&lt;sup&gt;2.0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;'''&lt;/div&gt;]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

== Mwongozo ==
===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa===
'''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Jedwali la nchi}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana.

===Utangulizi=== 
{{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}}
Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo:
====Aya ya Utangulizi====
Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800.
Mfano:
&lt;/br&gt;
{{Blockquote|
'''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}}
====Aya zinazofuata====
Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii.

===Mwili===
Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji.

====Asili ya jina==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi.
====Historia====
Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa.

====Jiografia====
Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili.

====Demografia==== 
Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana.
====Uchumi====
Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato.
====Serikali na siasa==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa.
====Utamaduni====
Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa.
====Tazama pia====
Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika.

====Marejeo==== 
Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa.
====Viungo vya nje==== 
Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo.

== Makala ==


{{Chati ya duara
| caption= CAQI (2026-06-25)
| label1 = Makala Bora
| value1 = 7
| color1= green
| label2 = Makala Nzuri
| value2 = 9
| color2= yellow
| label3 = Makala Msingi
| value3 = 60
| color3= orange
| label4 = Makala ya Chini
| value4 = 73
| color4= lightblue
| label5 = Mbegu
| value5 = 26
| color5= red
}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nchi
! CAQI (2026-06-25)&lt;br /&gt;
! Mitazamo (siku 30)&lt;br /&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:green&quot; | Makala Bora
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
| 9.56
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 638
|-
| [[Kenya]]
| 9.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 770
|-
| [[Tanzania]]
| 9.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 2789
|-
| [[Ghana]]
| 8.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 307
|-
| [[Marekani]]
| 8.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1330
|-
| [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]]
| 8.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1032
|-
| [[Afrika Kusini]]
| 8.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 539
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:yellow&quot; | Makala Nzuri
|-
| [[Hispania]]
| 7.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 286
|-
| [[Irani]]
| 7.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 478
|-
| [[Ethiopia]]
| 7.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 354
|-
| [[Urusi]]
| 7.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 789
|-
| [[Burundi]]
| 7.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 464
|-
| [[Sudan Kusini]]
| 7.28
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 160
|-
| [[Nigeria]]
| 7.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 281
|-
| [[Australia]]
| 7.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 588
|-
| [[Somalia]]
| 7.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 208
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:orange&quot; | Makala Msingi
|-
| [[Senegal]]
| 6.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 236
|-
| [[Ufaransa]]
| 6.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 531
|-
| [[Italia]]
| 6.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 216
|-
| [[Falme za Kiarabu]]
| 6.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 166
|-
| [[Laos]]
| 5.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Uingereza]]
| 5.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 458
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]]
| 5.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 430
|-
| [[Rwanda]]
| 5.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 263
|-
| [[Korea Kaskazini]]
| 5.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 205
|-
| [[Mali]]
| 5.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 144
|-
| [[Korea Kusini]]
| 5.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 193
|-
| [[Ufini]]
| 5.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 131
|-
| [[Uswisi]]
| 5.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 256
|-
| [[Israeli]]
| 5.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 438
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Muungano]]
| 5.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 160
|-
| [[Cabo Verde]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1647
|-
| [[Zambia]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 177
|-
| [[Ujerumani]]
| 4.83
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 382
|-
| [[Niger]]
| 4.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Misri]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 319
|-
| [[Uganda]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 423
|-
| [[Afghanistan]]
| 4.70
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 88
|-
| [[Shelisheli]]
| 4.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 154
|-
| [[Japani]]
| 4.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 343
|-
| [[San Marino]]
| 4.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 53
|-
| [[Chad]]
| 4.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 86
|-
| [[Austria]]
| 4.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 163
|-
| [[Kamerun]]
| 4.47
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 98
|-
| [[Vatikani]]
| 4.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 270
|-
| [[Gine Bisau]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 39
|-
| [[Ukraini]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 231
|-
| [[Sudan]]
| 4.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 101
|-
| [[Uswidi]]
| 4.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 155
|-
| [[Uholanzi]]
| 4.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 402
|-
| [[Kanada]]
| 4.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 470
|-
| [[Kamboja]]
| 4.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Moroko]]
| 4.13
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 233
|-
| [[Uhindi]]
| 4.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 271
|-
| [[Malawi]]
| 4.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 180
|-
| [[Pakistani]]
| 3.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 79
|-
| [[Ubelgiji]]
| 3.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 169
|-
| [[Udeni]]
| 3.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Burkina Faso]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 97
|-
| [[Ugiriki]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 188
|-
| [[Vietnam]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 112
|-
| [[Bulgaria]]
| 3.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Ureno]]
| 3.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 350
|-
| [[Isilandi]]
| 3.77
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Msumbiji]]
| 3.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 271
|-
| [[Aljeria]]
| 3.73
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 56
|-
| [[Kazakhstan]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 65
|-
| [[Malta]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Indonesia]]
| 3.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 109
|-
| [[Singapuri]]
| 3.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 406
|-
| [[Uturuki]]
| 3.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 477
|-
| [[Papua Guinea Mpya]]
| 3.61
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Eritrea]]
| 3.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Uthai]]
| 3.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Angola]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 112
|-
| [[Hong Kong]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 100
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:lightblue&quot; | Makala ya Chini
|-
| [[Bhutan]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Fiji]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Madagaska]]
| 3.45
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 117
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Udeni]]
| 3.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 12
|-
| [[Palestina]]
| 3.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 202
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]
| 3.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 130
|-
| [[Syria]]
| 3.35
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Latvia]]
| 3.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Myanmar]]
| 3.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Botswana]]
| 3.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 108
|-
| [[Komori]]
| 3.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 149
|-
| [[Liberia]]
| 3.16
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Eswatini]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 136
|-
| [[Morisi]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 79
|-
| [[Jibuti]]
| 3.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 86
|-
| [[Omani]]
| 3.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 102
|-
| [[Polandi]]
| 3.03
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 159
|-
| [[Zimbabwe]]
| 3.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 135
|-
| [[Kosovo]]
| 2.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 58
|-
| [[Benin]]
| 2.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 69
|-
| [[Brunei]]
| 2.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Qatar]]
| 2.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 168
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 137
|-
| [[Saudia]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 120
|-
| [[Gine ya Ikweta]]
| 2.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 43
|-
| [[Lesotho]]
| 2.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Nyuzilandi]]
| 2.86
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 164
|-
| [[Hungaria]]
| 2.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 199
|-
| [[Sierra Leone]]
| 2.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Eire]]
| 2.80
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 70
|-
| [[Liechtenstein]]
| 2.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 52
|-
| [[Gabon]]
| 2.74
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Azerbaijan]]
| 2.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 43
|-
| [[Kroatia]]
| 2.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 121
|-
| [[Slovenia]]
| 2.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 84
|-
| [[Namibia]]
| 2.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 159
|-
| [[Tunisia]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Ufilipino]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 98
|-
| [[Kodivaa]]
| 2.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 118
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya China]]
| 2.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Moldova]]
| 2.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Bahrain]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 53
|-
| [[Norwei]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 150
|-
| [[Luxemburg]]
| 2.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 68
|-
| [[Masedonia Kaskazini]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 40
|-
| [[Yordani]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 123
|-
| [[Mongolia]]
| 2.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 138
|-
| [[Belarus]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Serbia]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 63
|-
| [[Turkmenistan]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 41
|-
| [[Gambia]]
| 2.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Iraki]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 145
|-
| [[Nepal]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Timor ya Mashariki]]
| 2.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Tuvalu]]
| 2.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 42
|-
| [[Sri Lanka]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 49
|-
| [[Yemen]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 74
|-
| [[Andorra]]
| 2.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 124
|-
| [[Kirgizia]]
| 2.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Romania]]
| 2.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 76
|-
| [[Sao Tome na Principe]]
| 2.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 85
|-
| [[Bangladesh]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 234
|-
| [[Libya]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 121
|-
| [[Armenia]]
| 2.19
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Welisi]]
| 2.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Ucheki]]
| 2.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 165
|-
| [[Sahara ya Magharibi]]
| 2.10
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 65
|-
| [[Uzbekistan]]
| 2.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 222
|-
| [[Kuwait]]
| 2.07
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 69
|-
| [[Malaysia]]
| 2.06
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 96
|-
| [[Kupro]]
| 2.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Maldivi]]
| 2.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 132
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:red&quot; | Mbegu
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Cook]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Montenegro]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 45
|-
| [[Nauru]]
| 1.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 31
|-
| [[Ossetia Kusini]]
| 1.97
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 5
|-
| [[Vanuatu]]
| 1.96
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 29
|-
| [[Togo]]
| 1.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Albania]]
| 1.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 51
|-
| [[Mauritania]]
| 1.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Samoa]]
| 1.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 30
|-
| [[Georgia]]
| 1.72
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]]
| 1.71
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 16
|-
| [[Lituanya]]
| 1.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 39
|-
| [[Gine]]
| 1.67
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Niue]]
| 1.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 14
|-
| [[Abkhazia]]
| 1.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 20
|-
| [[Tajikistan]]
| 1.55
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 39
|-
| [[Palau]]
| 1.53
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 73
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Solomon]]
| 1.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Gibraltar]]
| 1.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Estonia]]
| 1.40
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Kiribati]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 28
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 24
|-
| [[Samoa ya Marekani]]
| 1.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 28
|-
| [[Slovakia]]
| 1.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 55
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana]]
| 1.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 15
|-
| [[Tonga]]
| 1.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 44
|}

==Takwimu==


===Takwimu za Jumla===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko
|-
| Jumla ya Makala || 172 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34944 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 31320 || ↑ +4.5%
|-
| Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || —
|-
| Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 182.1 || —
|}

===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko
|-
| 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2789 || ↓ -5.7%
|-
| 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 1647 || ↑ +1580.6%
|-
| 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1330 || ↑ +23.0%
|-
| 4 || [[Urusi]] || 789 || ↑ +60.4%
|-
| 5 || [[Kenya]] || 770 || ↑ +10.2%
|-
| 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 638 || ↓ -7.7%
|-
| 7 || [[Australia]] || 588 || ↑ +69.5%
|-
| 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 539 || ↓ -2.4%
|-
| 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 531 || ↓ -28.8%
|-
| 10 || [[Irani]] || 478 || ↓ -56.5%
|-
|}

====Wahariri====
Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia
|-
| 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 641 || 44.8%
|-
| 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.0%
|-
| 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 126 || 8.8%
|-
| 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 125 || 8.7%
|-
| 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6%
|-
| 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 7 || 0.5%
|-
| 9 || [[User:Jojaruba|Jojaruba]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
| 10 || [[User:~2025-43584-58|~2025-43584-58]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
|}</text>
      <sha1>s14s89usalgfyr5j32isfwhw3qq5w2n</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576558</id>
      <parentid>1576545</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:09:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>#2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column</comment>
      <origin>1576558</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21759" sha1="h9mtxeq1vkn1hno32fzq0kerfnc43z9" xml:space="preserve">{{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}}
{{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}}

== Yaliyomo ==
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;&quot;&gt;
Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]].
[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;i&gt;Gayle157&lt;sup&gt;2.0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;'''&lt;/div&gt;]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

== Mwongozo ==
===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa===
'''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Jedwali la nchi}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana.

===Utangulizi=== 
{{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}}
Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo:
====Aya ya Utangulizi====
Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800.
Mfano:
&lt;/br&gt;
{{Blockquote|
'''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}}
====Aya zinazofuata====
Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii.

===Mwili===
Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji.

====Asili ya jina==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi.
====Historia====
Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa.

====Jiografia====
Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili.

====Demografia==== 
Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana.
====Uchumi====
Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato.
====Serikali na siasa==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa.
====Utamaduni====
Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa.
====Tazama pia====
Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika.

====Marejeo==== 
Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa.
====Viungo vya nje==== 
Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo.

== Makala ==


{{Chati ya duara
| caption= CAQI (2026-06-25)
| label1 = Makala Bora
| value1 = 7
| color1= green
| label2 = Makala Nzuri
| value2 = 9
| color2= yellow
| label3 = Makala Msingi
| value3 = 60
| color3= orange
| label4 = Makala ya Chini
| value4 = 73
| color4= lightblue
| label5 = Mbegu
| value5 = 26
| color5= red
}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nchi
! CAQI (2026-06-25)&lt;br /&gt;
! Mitazamo (siku 30)&lt;br /&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:green&quot; | Makala Bora
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
| 9.56
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 638
|-
| [[Kenya]]
| 9.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 770
|-
| [[Tanzania]]
| 9.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 2789
|-
| [[Ghana]]
| 8.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 307
|-
| [[Marekani]]
| 8.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1330
|-
| [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]]
| 8.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1032
|-
| [[Afrika Kusini]]
| 8.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 539
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:yellow&quot; | Makala Nzuri
|-
| [[Hispania]]
| 7.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 286
|-
| [[Irani]]
| 7.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 478
|-
| [[Ethiopia]]
| 7.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 354
|-
| [[Urusi]]
| 7.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 789
|-
| [[Burundi]]
| 7.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 464
|-
| [[Sudan Kusini]]
| 7.28
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 160
|-
| [[Nigeria]]
| 7.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 281
|-
| [[Australia]]
| 7.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 588
|-
| [[Somalia]]
| 7.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 208
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:orange&quot; | Makala Msingi
|-
| [[Senegal]]
| 6.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 236
|-
| [[Ufaransa]]
| 6.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 531
|-
| [[Italia]]
| 6.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 216
|-
| [[Falme za Kiarabu]]
| 6.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 166
|-
| [[Laos]]
| 5.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Uingereza]]
| 5.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 458
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]]
| 5.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 430
|-
| [[Rwanda]]
| 5.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 263
|-
| [[Korea Kaskazini]]
| 5.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 205
|-
| [[Mali]]
| 5.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 144
|-
| [[Korea Kusini]]
| 5.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 193
|-
| [[Ufini]]
| 5.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 131
|-
| [[Uswisi]]
| 5.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 256
|-
| [[Israeli]]
| 5.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 438
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Muungano]]
| 5.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 160
|-
| [[Cabo Verde]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1647
|-
| [[Zambia]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 177
|-
| [[Ujerumani]]
| 4.83
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 382
|-
| [[Niger]]
| 4.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Misri]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 319
|-
| [[Uganda]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 423
|-
| [[Afghanistan]]
| 4.70
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 88
|-
| [[Shelisheli]]
| 4.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 154
|-
| [[Japani]]
| 4.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 343
|-
| [[San Marino]]
| 4.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 53
|-
| [[Chad]]
| 4.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 86
|-
| [[Austria]]
| 4.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 163
|-
| [[Kamerun]]
| 4.47
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 98
|-
| [[Vatikani]]
| 4.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 270
|-
| [[Gine Bisau]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 39
|-
| [[Ukraini]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 231
|-
| [[Sudan]]
| 4.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 101
|-
| [[Uswidi]]
| 4.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 155
|-
| [[Uholanzi]]
| 4.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 402
|-
| [[Kanada]]
| 4.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 470
|-
| [[Kamboja]]
| 4.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Moroko]]
| 4.13
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 233
|-
| [[Uhindi]]
| 4.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 271
|-
| [[Malawi]]
| 4.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 180
|-
| [[Pakistani]]
| 3.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 79
|-
| [[Ubelgiji]]
| 3.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 169
|-
| [[Udeni]]
| 3.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Burkina Faso]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 97
|-
| [[Ugiriki]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 188
|-
| [[Vietnam]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 112
|-
| [[Bulgaria]]
| 3.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Ureno]]
| 3.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 350
|-
| [[Isilandi]]
| 3.77
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Msumbiji]]
| 3.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 271
|-
| [[Aljeria]]
| 3.73
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 56
|-
| [[Kazakhstan]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 65
|-
| [[Malta]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Indonesia]]
| 3.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 109
|-
| [[Singapuri]]
| 3.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 406
|-
| [[Uturuki]]
| 3.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 477
|-
| [[Papua Guinea Mpya]]
| 3.61
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Eritrea]]
| 3.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Uthai]]
| 3.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Angola]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 112
|-
| [[Hong Kong]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 100
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:lightblue&quot; | Makala ya Chini
|-
| [[Bhutan]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Fiji]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Madagaska]]
| 3.45
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 117
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Udeni]]
| 3.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 12
|-
| [[Palestina]]
| 3.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 202
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]
| 3.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 130
|-
| [[Syria]]
| 3.35
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Latvia]]
| 3.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Myanmar]]
| 3.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Botswana]]
| 3.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 108
|-
| [[Komori]]
| 3.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 149
|-
| [[Liberia]]
| 3.16
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Eswatini]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 136
|-
| [[Morisi]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 79
|-
| [[Jibuti]]
| 3.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 86
|-
| [[Omani]]
| 3.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 102
|-
| [[Polandi]]
| 3.03
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 159
|-
| [[Zimbabwe]]
| 3.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 135
|-
| [[Kosovo]]
| 2.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 58
|-
| [[Benin]]
| 2.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 69
|-
| [[Brunei]]
| 2.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Qatar]]
| 2.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 168
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 137
|-
| [[Saudia]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 0
|-
| [[Gine ya Ikweta]]
| 2.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 43
|-
| [[Lesotho]]
| 2.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Nyuzilandi]]
| 2.86
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 164
|-
| [[Hungaria]]
| 2.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 199
|-
| [[Sierra Leone]]
| 2.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Eire]]
| 2.80
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 70
|-
| [[Liechtenstein]]
| 2.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 52
|-
| [[Gabon]]
| 2.74
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Azerbaijan]]
| 2.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 43
|-
| [[Kroatia]]
| 2.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 121
|-
| [[Slovenia]]
| 2.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 84
|-
| [[Namibia]]
| 2.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 159
|-
| [[Tunisia]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Ufilipino]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 98
|-
| [[Kodivaa]]
| 2.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 118
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya China]]
| 2.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Moldova]]
| 2.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Bahrain]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 53
|-
| [[Norwei]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 150
|-
| [[Luxemburg]]
| 2.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 68
|-
| [[Masedonia Kaskazini]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 40
|-
| [[Yordani]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 123
|-
| [[Mongolia]]
| 2.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 138
|-
| [[Belarus]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Serbia]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 63
|-
| [[Turkmenistan]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 41
|-
| [[Gambia]]
| 2.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Iraki]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 145
|-
| [[Nepal]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Timor ya Mashariki]]
| 2.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Tuvalu]]
| 2.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 42
|-
| [[Sri Lanka]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 49
|-
| [[Yemen]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 74
|-
| [[Andorra]]
| 2.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 124
|-
| [[Kirgizia]]
| 2.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Romania]]
| 2.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 76
|-
| [[Sao Tome na Principe]]
| 2.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 85
|-
| [[Bangladesh]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 234
|-
| [[Libya]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 121
|-
| [[Armenia]]
| 2.19
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Welisi]]
| 2.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Ucheki]]
| 2.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 165
|-
| [[Sahara ya Magharibi]]
| 2.10
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 65
|-
| [[Uzbekistan]]
| 2.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 222
|-
| [[Kuwait]]
| 2.07
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 69
|-
| [[Malaysia]]
| 2.06
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 96
|-
| [[Kupro]]
| 2.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Maldivi]]
| 2.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 132
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:red&quot; | Mbegu
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Cook]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Montenegro]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 45
|-
| [[Nauru]]
| 1.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 31
|-
| [[Ossetia Kusini]]
| 1.97
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 5
|-
| [[Vanuatu]]
| 1.96
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 29
|-
| [[Togo]]
| 1.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Albania]]
| 1.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 51
|-
| [[Mauritania]]
| 1.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Samoa]]
| 1.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 30
|-
| [[Georgia]]
| 1.72
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]]
| 1.71
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 16
|-
| [[Lituanya]]
| 1.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 39
|-
| [[Gine]]
| 1.67
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Niue]]
| 1.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 14
|-
| [[Abkhazia]]
| 1.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 20
|-
| [[Tajikistan]]
| 1.55
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 39
|-
| [[Palau]]
| 1.53
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 73
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Solomon]]
| 1.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Gibraltar]]
| 1.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Estonia]]
| 1.40
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Kiribati]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 28
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 24
|-
| [[Samoa ya Marekani]]
| 1.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 28
|-
| [[Slovakia]]
| 1.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 55
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana]]
| 1.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 15
|-
| [[Tonga]]
| 1.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 44
|}

==Takwimu==


===Takwimu za Jumla===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko
|-
| Jumla ya Makala || 172 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34944 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 31320 || ↑ +4.5%
|-
| Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || —
|-
| Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 182.1 || —
|}

===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko
|-
| 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2789 || ↓ -5.7%
|-
| 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 1647 || ↑ +1580.6%
|-
| 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1330 || ↑ +23.0%
|-
| 4 || [[Urusi]] || 789 || ↑ +60.4%
|-
| 5 || [[Kenya]] || 770 || ↑ +10.2%
|-
| 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 638 || ↓ -7.7%
|-
| 7 || [[Australia]] || 588 || ↑ +69.5%
|-
| 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 539 || ↓ -2.4%
|-
| 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 531 || ↓ -28.8%
|-
| 10 || [[Irani]] || 478 || ↓ -56.5%
|-
|}

====Wahariri====
Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia
|-
| 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 641 || 44.8%
|-
| 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.0%
|-
| 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 126 || 8.8%
|-
| 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 125 || 8.7%
|-
| 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6%
|-
| 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 7 || 0.5%
|-
| 9 || [[User:Jojaruba|Jojaruba]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
| 10 || [[User:~2025-43584-58|~2025-43584-58]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
|}</text>
      <sha1>h9mtxeq1vkn1hno32fzq0kerfnc43z9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576560</id>
      <parentid>1576558</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T20:10:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sasisha Takwimu za mradi</comment>
      <origin>1576560</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21760" sha1="jz5mp6cbz6iu94ukqjr85q0pk2rkopv" xml:space="preserve">{{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}}
{{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}}

== Yaliyomo ==
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;&quot;&gt;
Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]].
[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;i&gt;Gayle157&lt;sup&gt;2.0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;'''&lt;/div&gt;]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

== Mwongozo ==
===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa===
'''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Jedwali la nchi}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana.

===Utangulizi=== 
{{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}}
Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo:
====Aya ya Utangulizi====
Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800.
Mfano:
&lt;/br&gt;
{{Blockquote|
'''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}}
====Aya zinazofuata====
Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii.

===Mwili===
Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji.

====Asili ya jina==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi.
====Historia====
Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa.

====Jiografia====
Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili.

====Demografia==== 
Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana.
====Uchumi====
Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato.
====Serikali na siasa==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa.
====Utamaduni====
Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa.
====Tazama pia====
Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika.

====Marejeo==== 
Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa.
====Viungo vya nje==== 
Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo.

== Makala ==


{{Chati ya duara
| caption= CAQI (2026-06-25)
| label1 = Makala Bora
| value1 = 7
| color1= green
| label2 = Makala Nzuri
| value2 = 9
| color2= yellow
| label3 = Makala Msingi
| value3 = 60
| color3= orange
| label4 = Makala ya Chini
| value4 = 73
| color4= lightblue
| label5 = Mbegu
| value5 = 26
| color5= red
}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nchi
! CAQI (2026-06-25)&lt;br /&gt;
! Mitazamo (siku 30)&lt;br /&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:green&quot; | Makala Bora
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
| 9.56
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 638
|-
| [[Kenya]]
| 9.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 770
|-
| [[Tanzania]]
| 9.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 2789
|-
| [[Ghana]]
| 8.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 307
|-
| [[Marekani]]
| 8.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1330
|-
| [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]]
| 8.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1032
|-
| [[Afrika Kusini]]
| 8.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 539
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:yellow&quot; | Makala Nzuri
|-
| [[Hispania]]
| 7.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 286
|-
| [[Irani]]
| 7.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 478
|-
| [[Ethiopia]]
| 7.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 354
|-
| [[Urusi]]
| 7.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 789
|-
| [[Burundi]]
| 7.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 464
|-
| [[Sudan Kusini]]
| 7.28
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 160
|-
| [[Nigeria]]
| 7.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 281
|-
| [[Australia]]
| 7.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 588
|-
| [[Somalia]]
| 7.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 208
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:orange&quot; | Makala Msingi
|-
| [[Senegal]]
| 6.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 236
|-
| [[Ufaransa]]
| 6.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 531
|-
| [[Italia]]
| 6.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 216
|-
| [[Falme za Kiarabu]]
| 6.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 166
|-
| [[Laos]]
| 5.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Uingereza]]
| 5.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 458
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]]
| 5.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 430
|-
| [[Rwanda]]
| 5.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 263
|-
| [[Korea Kaskazini]]
| 5.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 205
|-
| [[Mali]]
| 5.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 144
|-
| [[Korea Kusini]]
| 5.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 193
|-
| [[Ufini]]
| 5.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 131
|-
| [[Uswisi]]
| 5.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 256
|-
| [[Israeli]]
| 5.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 438
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Muungano]]
| 5.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 160
|-
| [[Cabo Verde]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1647
|-
| [[Zambia]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 177
|-
| [[Ujerumani]]
| 4.83
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 382
|-
| [[Niger]]
| 4.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Misri]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 319
|-
| [[Uganda]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 423
|-
| [[Afghanistan]]
| 4.70
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 88
|-
| [[Shelisheli]]
| 4.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 154
|-
| [[Japani]]
| 4.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 343
|-
| [[San Marino]]
| 4.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 53
|-
| [[Chad]]
| 4.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 86
|-
| [[Austria]]
| 4.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 163
|-
| [[Kamerun]]
| 4.47
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 98
|-
| [[Vatikani]]
| 4.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 270
|-
| [[Gine Bisau]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 39
|-
| [[Ukraini]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 231
|-
| [[Sudan]]
| 4.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 101
|-
| [[Uswidi]]
| 4.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 155
|-
| [[Uholanzi]]
| 4.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 402
|-
| [[Kanada]]
| 4.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 470
|-
| [[Kamboja]]
| 4.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Moroko]]
| 4.13
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 233
|-
| [[Uhindi]]
| 4.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 271
|-
| [[Malawi]]
| 4.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 180
|-
| [[Pakistani]]
| 3.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 79
|-
| [[Ubelgiji]]
| 3.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 169
|-
| [[Udeni]]
| 3.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Burkina Faso]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 97
|-
| [[Ugiriki]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 188
|-
| [[Vietnam]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 112
|-
| [[Bulgaria]]
| 3.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Ureno]]
| 3.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 350
|-
| [[Isilandi]]
| 3.77
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Msumbiji]]
| 3.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 271
|-
| [[Aljeria]]
| 3.73
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 56
|-
| [[Kazakhstan]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 65
|-
| [[Malta]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Indonesia]]
| 3.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 109
|-
| [[Singapuri]]
| 3.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 406
|-
| [[Uturuki]]
| 3.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 477
|-
| [[Papua Guinea Mpya]]
| 3.61
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Eritrea]]
| 3.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Uthai]]
| 3.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Angola]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 112
|-
| [[Hong Kong]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 100
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:lightblue&quot; | Makala ya Chini
|-
| [[Bhutan]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Fiji]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Madagaska]]
| 3.45
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 117
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Udeni]]
| 3.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 12
|-
| [[Palestina]]
| 3.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 202
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]
| 3.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 130
|-
| [[Syria]]
| 3.35
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Latvia]]
| 3.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Myanmar]]
| 3.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Botswana]]
| 3.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 108
|-
| [[Komori]]
| 3.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 149
|-
| [[Liberia]]
| 3.16
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Eswatini]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 136
|-
| [[Morisi]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 79
|-
| [[Jibuti]]
| 3.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 86
|-
| [[Omani]]
| 3.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 102
|-
| [[Polandi]]
| 3.03
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 159
|-
| [[Zimbabwe]]
| 3.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 135
|-
| [[Kosovo]]
| 2.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 58
|-
| [[Benin]]
| 2.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 69
|-
| [[Brunei]]
| 2.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Qatar]]
| 2.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 168
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 137
|-
| [[Saudia]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 0
|-
| [[Gine ya Ikweta]]
| 2.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 43
|-
| [[Lesotho]]
| 2.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Nyuzilandi]]
| 2.86
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 164
|-
| [[Hungaria]]
| 2.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 199
|-
| [[Sierra Leone]]
| 2.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Eire]]
| 2.80
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 70
|-
| [[Liechtenstein]]
| 2.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 52
|-
| [[Gabon]]
| 2.74
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Azerbaijan]]
| 2.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 43
|-
| [[Kroatia]]
| 2.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 121
|-
| [[Slovenia]]
| 2.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 84
|-
| [[Namibia]]
| 2.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 159
|-
| [[Tunisia]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Ufilipino]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 98
|-
| [[Kodivaa]]
| 2.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 118
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya China]]
| 2.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 87
|-
| [[Moldova]]
| 2.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Bahrain]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 53
|-
| [[Norwei]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 150
|-
| [[Luxemburg]]
| 2.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 68
|-
| [[Masedonia Kaskazini]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 40
|-
| [[Yordani]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 123
|-
| [[Mongolia]]
| 2.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 138
|-
| [[Belarus]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Serbia]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 63
|-
| [[Turkmenistan]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 41
|-
| [[Gambia]]
| 2.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Iraki]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 145
|-
| [[Nepal]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Timor ya Mashariki]]
| 2.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Tuvalu]]
| 2.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 42
|-
| [[Sri Lanka]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 49
|-
| [[Yemen]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 74
|-
| [[Andorra]]
| 2.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 124
|-
| [[Kirgizia]]
| 2.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Romania]]
| 2.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 76
|-
| [[Sao Tome na Principe]]
| 2.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 85
|-
| [[Bangladesh]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 234
|-
| [[Libya]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 121
|-
| [[Armenia]]
| 2.19
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Welisi]]
| 2.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Ucheki]]
| 2.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 165
|-
| [[Sahara ya Magharibi]]
| 2.10
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 65
|-
| [[Uzbekistan]]
| 2.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 222
|-
| [[Kuwait]]
| 2.07
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 69
|-
| [[Malaysia]]
| 2.06
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 96
|-
| [[Kupro]]
| 2.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Maldivi]]
| 2.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 132
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:red&quot; | Mbegu
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Cook]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Montenegro]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 45
|-
| [[Nauru]]
| 1.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 31
|-
| [[Ossetia Kusini]]
| 1.97
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 5
|-
| [[Vanuatu]]
| 1.96
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 29
|-
| [[Togo]]
| 1.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Albania]]
| 1.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 51
|-
| [[Mauritania]]
| 1.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Samoa]]
| 1.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 30
|-
| [[Georgia]]
| 1.72
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]]
| 1.71
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 16
|-
| [[Lituanya]]
| 1.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 39
|-
| [[Gine]]
| 1.67
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Niue]]
| 1.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 14
|-
| [[Abkhazia]]
| 1.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 20
|-
| [[Tajikistan]]
| 1.55
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 39
|-
| [[Palau]]
| 1.53
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 73
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Solomon]]
| 1.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 48
|-
| [[Gibraltar]]
| 1.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Estonia]]
| 1.40
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Kiribati]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 28
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 24
|-
| [[Samoa ya Marekani]]
| 1.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 28
|-
| [[Slovakia]]
| 1.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 55
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana]]
| 1.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 15
|-
| [[Tonga]]
| 1.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 44
|}

==Takwimu==


===Takwimu za Jumla===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko
|-
| Jumla ya Makala || 172 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34944 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 31320 || ↑ +4.5%
|-
| Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || —
|-
| Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 182.1 || —
|}

===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko
|-
| 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2789 || ↓ -5.7%
|-
| 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 1647 || ↑ +1580.6%
|-
| 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1330 || ↑ +23.0%
|-
| 4 || [[Urusi]] || 789 || ↑ +60.4%
|-
| 5 || [[Kenya]] || 770 || ↑ +10.2%
|-
| 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 638 || ↓ -7.7%
|-
| 7 || [[Australia]] || 588 || ↑ +69.5%
|-
| 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 539 || ↓ -2.4%
|-
| 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 531 || ↓ -28.8%
|-
| 10 || [[Irani]] || 478 || ↓ -56.5%
|-
|}

====Wahariri====
Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia
|-
| 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 641 || 44.8%
|-
| 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.0%
|-
| 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 126 || 8.8%
|-
| 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 125 || 8.7%
|-
| 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6%
|-
| 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 7 || 0.5%
|-
| 9 || [[User:Jojaruba|Jojaruba]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
| 10 || [[User:~2025-43584-58|~2025-43584-58]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
|}</text>
      <sha1>jz5mp6cbz6iu94ukqjr85q0pk2rkopv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576641</id>
      <parentid>1576560</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T04:07:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>#2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column</comment>
      <origin>1576641</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21758" sha1="hpyz8qjhjfz5rsrk9j38v4ye6s6ktps" xml:space="preserve">{{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}}
{{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}}

== Yaliyomo ==
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;&quot;&gt;
Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]].
[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;i&gt;Gayle157&lt;sup&gt;2.0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;'''&lt;/div&gt;]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

== Mwongozo ==
===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa===
'''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Jedwali la nchi}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana.

===Utangulizi=== 
{{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}}
Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo:
====Aya ya Utangulizi====
Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800.
Mfano:
&lt;/br&gt;
{{Blockquote|
'''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}}
====Aya zinazofuata====
Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii.

===Mwili===
Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji.

====Asili ya jina==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi.
====Historia====
Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa.

====Jiografia====
Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili.

====Demografia==== 
Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana.
====Uchumi====
Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato.
====Serikali na siasa==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa.
====Utamaduni====
Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa.
====Tazama pia====
Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika.

====Marejeo==== 
Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa.
====Viungo vya nje==== 
Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo.

== Makala ==


{{Chati ya duara
| caption= CAQI (2026-06-26)
| label1 = Makala Bora
| value1 = 7
| color1= green
| label2 = Makala Nzuri
| value2 = 9
| color2= yellow
| label3 = Makala Msingi
| value3 = 60
| color3= orange
| label4 = Makala ya Chini
| value4 = 73
| color4= lightblue
| label5 = Mbegu
| value5 = 26
| color5= red
}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nchi
! CAQI (2026-06-26)&lt;br /&gt;
! Mitazamo (siku 30)&lt;br /&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:green&quot; | Makala Bora
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
| 9.56
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 620
|-
| [[Kenya]]
| 9.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 715
|-
| [[Tanzania]]
| 9.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 2716
|-
| [[Ghana]]
| 8.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 300
|-
| [[Marekani]]
| 8.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1301
|-
| [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]]
| 8.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 972
|-
| [[Afrika Kusini]]
| 8.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 529
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:yellow&quot; | Makala Nzuri
|-
| [[Hispania]]
| 7.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 274
|-
| [[Irani]]
| 7.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 466
|-
| [[Ethiopia]]
| 7.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 334
|-
| [[Urusi]]
| 7.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 779
|-
| [[Burundi]]
| 7.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 440
|-
| [[Sudan Kusini]]
| 7.28
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 156
|-
| [[Nigeria]]
| 7.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 265
|-
| [[Australia]]
| 7.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 570
|-
| [[Somalia]]
| 7.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 204
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:orange&quot; | Makala Msingi
|-
| [[Senegal]]
| 6.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 227
|-
| [[Ufaransa]]
| 6.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 496
|-
| [[Italia]]
| 6.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 211
|-
| [[Falme za Kiarabu]]
| 6.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 161
|-
| [[Laos]]
| 5.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 58
|-
| [[Uingereza]]
| 5.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 435
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]]
| 5.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 405
|-
| [[Rwanda]]
| 5.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 252
|-
| [[Korea Kaskazini]]
| 5.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 200
|-
| [[Mali]]
| 5.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 141
|-
| [[Korea Kusini]]
| 5.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 185
|-
| [[Ufini]]
| 5.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 125
|-
| [[Uswisi]]
| 5.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 253
|-
| [[Israeli]]
| 5.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 422
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Muungano]]
| 5.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 156
|-
| [[Cabo Verde]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1646
|-
| [[Zambia]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 171
|-
| [[Ujerumani]]
| 4.83
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 365
|-
| [[Niger]]
| 4.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Misri]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 314
|-
| [[Uganda]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 405
|-
| [[Afghanistan]]
| 4.70
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 83
|-
| [[Shelisheli]]
| 4.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 146
|-
| [[Japani]]
| 4.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 333
|-
| [[San Marino]]
| 4.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 49
|-
| [[Chad]]
| 4.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 80
|-
| [[Austria]]
| 4.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 162
|-
| [[Kamerun]]
| 4.47
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 95
|-
| [[Vatikani]]
| 4.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 262
|-
| [[Gine Bisau]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 33
|-
| [[Ukraini]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 228
|-
| [[Sudan]]
| 4.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 97
|-
| [[Uswidi]]
| 4.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 150
|-
| [[Uholanzi]]
| 4.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 396
|-
| [[Kanada]]
| 4.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 463
|-
| [[Kamboja]]
| 4.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 57
|-
| [[Moroko]]
| 4.13
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 227
|-
| [[Uhindi]]
| 4.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 257
|-
| [[Malawi]]
| 4.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 174
|-
| [[Pakistani]]
| 3.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 74
|-
| [[Ubelgiji]]
| 3.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 158
|-
| [[Udeni]]
| 3.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 71
|-
| [[Burkina Faso]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 89
|-
| [[Ugiriki]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 173
|-
| [[Vietnam]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 106
|-
| [[Bulgaria]]
| 3.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Ureno]]
| 3.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 349
|-
| [[Isilandi]]
| 3.77
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 63
|-
| [[Msumbiji]]
| 3.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 260
|-
| [[Aljeria]]
| 3.73
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 54
|-
| [[Kazakhstan]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Malta]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 56
|-
| [[Indonesia]]
| 3.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 106
|-
| [[Singapuri]]
| 3.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 399
|-
| [[Uturuki]]
| 3.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 456
|-
| [[Papua Guinea Mpya]]
| 3.61
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 47
|-
| [[Eritrea]]
| 3.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Uthai]]
| 3.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 73
|-
| [[Angola]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 109
|-
| [[Hong Kong]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 96
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:lightblue&quot; | Makala ya Chini
|-
| [[Bhutan]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Fiji]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Madagaska]]
| 3.45
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 113
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Udeni]]
| 3.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 12
|-
| [[Palestina]]
| 3.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 193
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]
| 3.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 126
|-
| [[Syria]]
| 3.35
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 109
|-
| [[Latvia]]
| 3.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Myanmar]]
| 3.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Botswana]]
| 3.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 103
|-
| [[Komori]]
| 3.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 143
|-
| [[Liberia]]
| 3.16
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 72
|-
| [[Eswatini]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 123
|-
| [[Morisi]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 76
|-
| [[Jibuti]]
| 3.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Omani]]
| 3.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 95
|-
| [[Polandi]]
| 3.03
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 145
|-
| [[Zimbabwe]]
| 3.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 126
|-
| [[Kosovo]]
| 2.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 55
|-
| [[Benin]]
| 2.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 65
|-
| [[Brunei]]
| 2.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 85
|-
| [[Qatar]]
| 2.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 163
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 135
|-
| [[Saudia]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Gine ya Ikweta]]
| 2.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 43
|-
| [[Lesotho]]
| 2.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Nyuzilandi]]
| 2.86
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 153
|-
| [[Hungaria]]
| 2.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 195
|-
| [[Sierra Leone]]
| 2.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Eire]]
| 2.80
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Liechtenstein]]
| 2.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Gabon]]
| 2.74
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 76
|-
| [[Azerbaijan]]
| 2.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 42
|-
| [[Kroatia]]
| 2.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 116
|-
| [[Slovenia]]
| 2.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Namibia]]
| 2.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 155
|-
| [[Tunisia]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Ufilipino]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 96
|-
| [[Kodivaa]]
| 2.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya China]]
| 2.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Moldova]]
| 2.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 31
|-
| [[Bahrain]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 52
|-
| [[Norwei]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 143
|-
| [[Luxemburg]]
| 2.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 68
|-
| [[Masedonia Kaskazini]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Yordani]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Mongolia]]
| 2.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 131
|-
| [[Belarus]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 59
|-
| [[Serbia]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Turkmenistan]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Gambia]]
| 2.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Iraki]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 139
|-
| [[Nepal]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 56
|-
| [[Timor ya Mashariki]]
| 2.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Tuvalu]]
| 2.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Sri Lanka]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 47
|-
| [[Yemen]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 70
|-
| [[Andorra]]
| 2.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Kirgizia]]
| 2.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Romania]]
| 2.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 71
|-
| [[Sao Tome na Principe]]
| 2.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 84
|-
| [[Bangladesh]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 232
|-
| [[Libya]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 119
|-
| [[Armenia]]
| 2.19
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Welisi]]
| 2.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 47
|-
| [[Ucheki]]
| 2.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 159
|-
| [[Sahara ya Magharibi]]
| 2.10
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Uzbekistan]]
| 2.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 221
|-
| [[Kuwait]]
| 2.07
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 67
|-
| [[Malaysia]]
| 2.06
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 91
|-
| [[Kupro]]
| 2.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Maldivi]]
| 2.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 129
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:red&quot; | Mbegu
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Cook]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Montenegro]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 41
|-
| [[Nauru]]
| 1.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 31
|-
| [[Ossetia Kusini]]
| 1.97
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 5
|-
| [[Vanuatu]]
| 1.96
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Togo]]
| 1.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 74
|-
| [[Albania]]
| 1.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 49
|-
| [[Mauritania]]
| 1.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 63
|-
| [[Samoa]]
| 1.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 28
|-
| [[Georgia]]
| 1.72
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]]
| 1.71
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 15
|-
| [[Lituanya]]
| 1.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Gine]]
| 1.67
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Niue]]
| 1.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 14
|-
| [[Abkhazia]]
| 1.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 18
|-
| [[Tajikistan]]
| 1.55
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Palau]]
| 1.53
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 71
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Solomon]]
| 1.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 45
|-
| [[Gibraltar]]
| 1.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Estonia]]
| 1.40
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Kiribati]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 22
|-
| [[Samoa ya Marekani]]
| 1.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Slovakia]]
| 1.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana]]
| 1.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 12
|-
| [[Tonga]]
| 1.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 44
|}

==Takwimu==


===Takwimu za Jumla===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko
|-
| Jumla ya Makala || 172 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34944 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 31320 || ↑ +4.5%
|-
| Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || —
|-
| Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 182.1 || —
|}

===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko
|-
| 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2789 || ↓ -5.7%
|-
| 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 1647 || ↑ +1580.6%
|-
| 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1330 || ↑ +23.0%
|-
| 4 || [[Urusi]] || 789 || ↑ +60.4%
|-
| 5 || [[Kenya]] || 770 || ↑ +10.2%
|-
| 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 638 || ↓ -7.7%
|-
| 7 || [[Australia]] || 588 || ↑ +69.5%
|-
| 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 539 || ↓ -2.4%
|-
| 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 531 || ↓ -28.8%
|-
| 10 || [[Irani]] || 478 || ↓ -56.5%
|-
|}

====Wahariri====
Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia
|-
| 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 641 || 44.8%
|-
| 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.0%
|-
| 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 126 || 8.8%
|-
| 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 125 || 8.7%
|-
| 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6%
|-
| 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 7 || 0.5%
|-
| 9 || [[User:Jojaruba|Jojaruba]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
| 10 || [[User:~2025-43584-58|~2025-43584-58]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
|}</text>
      <sha1>hpyz8qjhjfz5rsrk9j38v4ye6s6ktps</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576644</id>
      <parentid>1576641</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T04:16:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sasisha Takwimu za mradi</comment>
      <origin>1576644</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21758" sha1="sgujqr9xuikjvshzadby5ouutq4y9q7" xml:space="preserve">{{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}}
{{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}}

== Yaliyomo ==
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;&quot;&gt;
Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]].
[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;i&gt;Gayle157&lt;sup&gt;2.0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;'''&lt;/div&gt;]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

== Mwongozo ==
===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa===
'''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Jedwali la nchi}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana.

===Utangulizi=== 
{{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}}
Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo:
====Aya ya Utangulizi====
Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800.
Mfano:
&lt;/br&gt;
{{Blockquote|
'''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}}
====Aya zinazofuata====
Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii.

===Mwili===
Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji.

====Asili ya jina==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi.
====Historia====
Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa.

====Jiografia====
Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili.

====Demografia==== 
Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana.
====Uchumi====
Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato.
====Serikali na siasa==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa.
====Utamaduni====
Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa.
====Tazama pia====
Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika.

====Marejeo==== 
Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa.
====Viungo vya nje==== 
Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo.

== Makala ==


{{Chati ya duara
| caption= CAQI (2026-06-26)
| label1 = Makala Bora
| value1 = 7
| color1= green
| label2 = Makala Nzuri
| value2 = 9
| color2= yellow
| label3 = Makala Msingi
| value3 = 60
| color3= orange
| label4 = Makala ya Chini
| value4 = 73
| color4= lightblue
| label5 = Mbegu
| value5 = 26
| color5= red
}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nchi
! CAQI (2026-06-26)&lt;br /&gt;
! Mitazamo (siku 30)&lt;br /&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:green&quot; | Makala Bora
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
| 9.56
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 620
|-
| [[Kenya]]
| 9.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 715
|-
| [[Tanzania]]
| 9.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 2716
|-
| [[Ghana]]
| 8.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 300
|-
| [[Marekani]]
| 8.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1301
|-
| [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]]
| 8.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 972
|-
| [[Afrika Kusini]]
| 8.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 529
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:yellow&quot; | Makala Nzuri
|-
| [[Hispania]]
| 7.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 274
|-
| [[Irani]]
| 7.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 466
|-
| [[Ethiopia]]
| 7.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 334
|-
| [[Urusi]]
| 7.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 779
|-
| [[Burundi]]
| 7.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 440
|-
| [[Sudan Kusini]]
| 7.28
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 156
|-
| [[Nigeria]]
| 7.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 265
|-
| [[Australia]]
| 7.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 570
|-
| [[Somalia]]
| 7.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 204
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:orange&quot; | Makala Msingi
|-
| [[Senegal]]
| 6.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 227
|-
| [[Ufaransa]]
| 6.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 496
|-
| [[Italia]]
| 6.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 211
|-
| [[Falme za Kiarabu]]
| 6.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 161
|-
| [[Laos]]
| 5.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 58
|-
| [[Uingereza]]
| 5.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 435
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]]
| 5.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 405
|-
| [[Rwanda]]
| 5.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 252
|-
| [[Korea Kaskazini]]
| 5.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 200
|-
| [[Mali]]
| 5.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 141
|-
| [[Korea Kusini]]
| 5.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 185
|-
| [[Ufini]]
| 5.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 125
|-
| [[Uswisi]]
| 5.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 253
|-
| [[Israeli]]
| 5.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 422
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Muungano]]
| 5.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 156
|-
| [[Cabo Verde]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1646
|-
| [[Zambia]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 171
|-
| [[Ujerumani]]
| 4.83
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 365
|-
| [[Niger]]
| 4.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Misri]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 314
|-
| [[Uganda]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 405
|-
| [[Afghanistan]]
| 4.70
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 83
|-
| [[Shelisheli]]
| 4.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 146
|-
| [[Japani]]
| 4.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 333
|-
| [[San Marino]]
| 4.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 49
|-
| [[Chad]]
| 4.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 80
|-
| [[Austria]]
| 4.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 162
|-
| [[Kamerun]]
| 4.47
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 95
|-
| [[Vatikani]]
| 4.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 262
|-
| [[Gine Bisau]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 33
|-
| [[Ukraini]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 228
|-
| [[Sudan]]
| 4.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 97
|-
| [[Uswidi]]
| 4.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 150
|-
| [[Uholanzi]]
| 4.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 396
|-
| [[Kanada]]
| 4.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 463
|-
| [[Kamboja]]
| 4.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 57
|-
| [[Moroko]]
| 4.13
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 227
|-
| [[Uhindi]]
| 4.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 257
|-
| [[Malawi]]
| 4.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 174
|-
| [[Pakistani]]
| 3.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 74
|-
| [[Ubelgiji]]
| 3.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 158
|-
| [[Udeni]]
| 3.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 71
|-
| [[Burkina Faso]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 89
|-
| [[Ugiriki]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 173
|-
| [[Vietnam]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 106
|-
| [[Bulgaria]]
| 3.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Ureno]]
| 3.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 349
|-
| [[Isilandi]]
| 3.77
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 63
|-
| [[Msumbiji]]
| 3.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 260
|-
| [[Aljeria]]
| 3.73
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 54
|-
| [[Kazakhstan]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Malta]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 56
|-
| [[Indonesia]]
| 3.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 106
|-
| [[Singapuri]]
| 3.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 399
|-
| [[Uturuki]]
| 3.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 456
|-
| [[Papua Guinea Mpya]]
| 3.61
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 47
|-
| [[Eritrea]]
| 3.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Uthai]]
| 3.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 73
|-
| [[Angola]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 109
|-
| [[Hong Kong]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 96
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:lightblue&quot; | Makala ya Chini
|-
| [[Bhutan]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Fiji]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Madagaska]]
| 3.45
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 113
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Udeni]]
| 3.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 12
|-
| [[Palestina]]
| 3.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 193
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]
| 3.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 126
|-
| [[Syria]]
| 3.35
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 109
|-
| [[Latvia]]
| 3.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Myanmar]]
| 3.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Botswana]]
| 3.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 103
|-
| [[Komori]]
| 3.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 143
|-
| [[Liberia]]
| 3.16
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 72
|-
| [[Eswatini]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 123
|-
| [[Morisi]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 76
|-
| [[Jibuti]]
| 3.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Omani]]
| 3.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 95
|-
| [[Polandi]]
| 3.03
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 145
|-
| [[Zimbabwe]]
| 3.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 126
|-
| [[Kosovo]]
| 2.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 55
|-
| [[Benin]]
| 2.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 65
|-
| [[Brunei]]
| 2.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 85
|-
| [[Qatar]]
| 2.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 163
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 135
|-
| [[Saudia]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Gine ya Ikweta]]
| 2.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 43
|-
| [[Lesotho]]
| 2.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Nyuzilandi]]
| 2.86
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 153
|-
| [[Hungaria]]
| 2.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 195
|-
| [[Sierra Leone]]
| 2.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Eire]]
| 2.80
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Liechtenstein]]
| 2.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Gabon]]
| 2.74
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 76
|-
| [[Azerbaijan]]
| 2.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 42
|-
| [[Kroatia]]
| 2.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 116
|-
| [[Slovenia]]
| 2.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Namibia]]
| 2.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 155
|-
| [[Tunisia]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Ufilipino]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 96
|-
| [[Kodivaa]]
| 2.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya China]]
| 2.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Moldova]]
| 2.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 31
|-
| [[Bahrain]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 52
|-
| [[Norwei]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 143
|-
| [[Luxemburg]]
| 2.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 68
|-
| [[Masedonia Kaskazini]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Yordani]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Mongolia]]
| 2.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 131
|-
| [[Belarus]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 59
|-
| [[Serbia]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Turkmenistan]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Gambia]]
| 2.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Iraki]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 139
|-
| [[Nepal]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 56
|-
| [[Timor ya Mashariki]]
| 2.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Tuvalu]]
| 2.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Sri Lanka]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 47
|-
| [[Yemen]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 70
|-
| [[Andorra]]
| 2.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Kirgizia]]
| 2.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Romania]]
| 2.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 71
|-
| [[Sao Tome na Principe]]
| 2.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 84
|-
| [[Bangladesh]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 232
|-
| [[Libya]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 119
|-
| [[Armenia]]
| 2.19
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Welisi]]
| 2.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 47
|-
| [[Ucheki]]
| 2.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 159
|-
| [[Sahara ya Magharibi]]
| 2.10
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Uzbekistan]]
| 2.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 221
|-
| [[Kuwait]]
| 2.07
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 67
|-
| [[Malaysia]]
| 2.06
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 91
|-
| [[Kupro]]
| 2.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Maldivi]]
| 2.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 129
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:red&quot; | Mbegu
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Cook]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Montenegro]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 41
|-
| [[Nauru]]
| 1.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 31
|-
| [[Ossetia Kusini]]
| 1.97
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 5
|-
| [[Vanuatu]]
| 1.96
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Togo]]
| 1.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 74
|-
| [[Albania]]
| 1.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 49
|-
| [[Mauritania]]
| 1.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 63
|-
| [[Samoa]]
| 1.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 28
|-
| [[Georgia]]
| 1.72
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]]
| 1.71
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 15
|-
| [[Lituanya]]
| 1.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Gine]]
| 1.67
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Niue]]
| 1.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 14
|-
| [[Abkhazia]]
| 1.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 18
|-
| [[Tajikistan]]
| 1.55
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Palau]]
| 1.53
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 71
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Solomon]]
| 1.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 45
|-
| [[Gibraltar]]
| 1.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Estonia]]
| 1.40
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Kiribati]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 22
|-
| [[Samoa ya Marekani]]
| 1.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Slovakia]]
| 1.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana]]
| 1.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 12
|-
| [[Tonga]]
| 1.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 44
|}

==Takwimu==


===Takwimu za Jumla===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko
|-
| Jumla ya Makala || 172 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34944 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 29543 || ↑ +1.3%
|-
| Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || —
|-
| Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 171.8 || —
|}

===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko
|-
| 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2716 || ↓ -6.5%
|-
| 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 1646 || ↑ +1632.6%
|-
| 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1301 || ↑ +20.9%
|-
| 4 || [[Urusi]] || 779 || ↑ +60.6%
|-
| 5 || [[Kenya]] || 715 || ↓ -2.5%
|-
| 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 620 || ↓ -9.9%
|-
| 7 || [[Australia]] || 570 || ↑ +59.7%
|-
| 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 529 || ↓ -3.3%
|-
| 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 496 || ↓ -35.3%
|-
| 10 || [[Irani]] || 466 || ↓ -57.2%
|-
|}

====Wahariri====
Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia
|-
| 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 641 || 44.8%
|-
| 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.0%
|-
| 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 126 || 8.8%
|-
| 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 125 || 8.7%
|-
| 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6%
|-
| 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 7 || 0.5%
|-
| 9 || [[User:Jojaruba|Jojaruba]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
| 10 || [[User:~2025-43584-58|~2025-43584-58]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
|}</text>
      <sha1>sgujqr9xuikjvshzadby5ouutq4y9q7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576680</id>
      <parentid>1576644</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:36:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>#2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column</comment>
      <origin>1576680</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21759" sha1="b8pvegy6hfigro0adqdoxkf8dmnha7z" xml:space="preserve">{{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}}
{{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}}

== Yaliyomo ==
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;&quot;&gt;
Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]].
[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;i&gt;Gayle157&lt;sup&gt;2.0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;'''&lt;/div&gt;]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

== Mwongozo ==
===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa===
'''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Jedwali la nchi}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana.

===Utangulizi=== 
{{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}}
Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo:
====Aya ya Utangulizi====
Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800.
Mfano:
&lt;/br&gt;
{{Blockquote|
'''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}}
====Aya zinazofuata====
Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii.

===Mwili===
Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji.

====Asili ya jina==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi.
====Historia====
Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa.

====Jiografia====
Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili.

====Demografia==== 
Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana.
====Uchumi====
Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato.
====Serikali na siasa==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa.
====Utamaduni====
Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa.
====Tazama pia====
Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika.

====Marejeo==== 
Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa.
====Viungo vya nje==== 
Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo.

== Makala ==


{{Chati ya duara
| caption= CAQI (2026-06-26)
| label1 = Makala Bora
| value1 = 7
| color1= green
| label2 = Makala Nzuri
| value2 = 9
| color2= yellow
| label3 = Makala Msingi
| value3 = 60
| color3= orange
| label4 = Makala ya Chini
| value4 = 73
| color4= lightblue
| label5 = Mbegu
| value5 = 26
| color5= red
}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nchi
! CAQI (2026-06-26)&lt;br /&gt;
! Mitazamo (siku 30)&lt;br /&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:green&quot; | Makala Bora
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
| 9.56
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 620
|-
| [[Kenya]]
| 9.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 715
|-
| [[Tanzania]]
| 9.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 2716
|-
| [[Ghana]]
| 8.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 300
|-
| [[Marekani]]
| 8.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1301
|-
| [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]]
| 8.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 972
|-
| [[Afrika Kusini]]
| 8.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 529
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:yellow&quot; | Makala Nzuri
|-
| [[Hispania]]
| 7.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 274
|-
| [[Irani]]
| 7.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 466
|-
| [[Ethiopia]]
| 7.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 334
|-
| [[Urusi]]
| 7.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 779
|-
| [[Burundi]]
| 7.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 440
|-
| [[Sudan Kusini]]
| 7.28
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 156
|-
| [[Nigeria]]
| 7.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 265
|-
| [[Australia]]
| 7.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 570
|-
| [[Somalia]]
| 7.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 204
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:orange&quot; | Makala Msingi
|-
| [[Senegal]]
| 6.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 227
|-
| [[Ufaransa]]
| 6.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 496
|-
| [[Italia]]
| 6.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 211
|-
| [[Falme za Kiarabu]]
| 6.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 161
|-
| [[Laos]]
| 5.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 58
|-
| [[Uingereza]]
| 5.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 435
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]]
| 5.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 405
|-
| [[Rwanda]]
| 5.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 252
|-
| [[Korea Kaskazini]]
| 5.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 200
|-
| [[Mali]]
| 5.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 141
|-
| [[Korea Kusini]]
| 5.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 185
|-
| [[Ufini]]
| 5.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 125
|-
| [[Uswisi]]
| 5.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 253
|-
| [[Israeli]]
| 5.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 422
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Muungano]]
| 5.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 156
|-
| [[Cabo Verde]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1646
|-
| [[Zambia]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 171
|-
| [[Ujerumani]]
| 4.83
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 365
|-
| [[Niger]]
| 4.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Misri]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 314
|-
| [[Uganda]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 405
|-
| [[Afghanistan]]
| 4.70
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 83
|-
| [[Shelisheli]]
| 4.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 146
|-
| [[Japani]]
| 4.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 333
|-
| [[San Marino]]
| 4.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 49
|-
| [[Chad]]
| 4.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 80
|-
| [[Austria]]
| 4.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 162
|-
| [[Kamerun]]
| 4.47
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 95
|-
| [[Vatikani]]
| 4.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 262
|-
| [[Gine Bisau]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 33
|-
| [[Ukraini]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 228
|-
| [[Sudan]]
| 4.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 97
|-
| [[Uswidi]]
| 4.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 150
|-
| [[Uholanzi]]
| 4.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 396
|-
| [[Kanada]]
| 4.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 463
|-
| [[Kamboja]]
| 4.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 57
|-
| [[Moroko]]
| 4.13
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 227
|-
| [[Uhindi]]
| 4.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 257
|-
| [[Malawi]]
| 4.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 174
|-
| [[Pakistani]]
| 3.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 74
|-
| [[Ubelgiji]]
| 3.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 158
|-
| [[Udeni]]
| 3.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 71
|-
| [[Burkina Faso]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 89
|-
| [[Ugiriki]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 173
|-
| [[Vietnam]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 106
|-
| [[Bulgaria]]
| 3.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Ureno]]
| 3.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 349
|-
| [[Isilandi]]
| 3.77
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 63
|-
| [[Msumbiji]]
| 3.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 260
|-
| [[Aljeria]]
| 3.73
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 54
|-
| [[Kazakhstan]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Malta]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 56
|-
| [[Indonesia]]
| 3.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 106
|-
| [[Singapuri]]
| 3.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 399
|-
| [[Uturuki]]
| 3.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 456
|-
| [[Papua Guinea Mpya]]
| 3.61
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 47
|-
| [[Eritrea]]
| 3.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Uthai]]
| 3.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 73
|-
| [[Angola]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 109
|-
| [[Hong Kong]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 96
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:lightblue&quot; | Makala ya Chini
|-
| [[Bhutan]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Fiji]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Madagaska]]
| 3.45
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 113
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Udeni]]
| 3.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 12
|-
| [[Palestina]]
| 3.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 193
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]
| 3.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 126
|-
| [[Syria]]
| 3.35
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 109
|-
| [[Latvia]]
| 3.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Myanmar]]
| 3.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Botswana]]
| 3.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 103
|-
| [[Komori]]
| 3.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 143
|-
| [[Liberia]]
| 3.16
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 72
|-
| [[Eswatini]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 123
|-
| [[Morisi]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 76
|-
| [[Jibuti]]
| 3.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Omani]]
| 3.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 95
|-
| [[Polandi]]
| 3.03
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 145
|-
| [[Zimbabwe]]
| 3.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 126
|-
| [[Kosovo]]
| 2.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 55
|-
| [[Benin]]
| 2.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 65
|-
| [[Brunei]]
| 2.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 85
|-
| [[Qatar]]
| 2.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 163
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 135
|-
| [[Saudia]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Gine ya Ikweta]]
| 2.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 43
|-
| [[Lesotho]]
| 2.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Nyuzilandi]]
| 2.86
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 153
|-
| [[Hungaria]]
| 2.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 195
|-
| [[Sierra Leone]]
| 2.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Eire]]
| 2.80
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Liechtenstein]]
| 2.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Gabon]]
| 2.74
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 76
|-
| [[Azerbaijan]]
| 2.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 42
|-
| [[Kroatia]]
| 2.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 116
|-
| [[Slovenia]]
| 2.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Namibia]]
| 2.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 155
|-
| [[Tunisia]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Ufilipino]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 96
|-
| [[Kodivaa]]
| 2.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya China]]
| 2.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Moldova]]
| 2.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 31
|-
| [[Bahrain]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 52
|-
| [[Norwei]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 143
|-
| [[Luxemburg]]
| 2.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 68
|-
| [[Masedonia Kaskazini]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Yordani]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Mongolia]]
| 2.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 131
|-
| [[Belarus]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 59
|-
| [[Serbia]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Turkmenistan]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Gambia]]
| 2.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Iraki]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 139
|-
| [[Nepal]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 56
|-
| [[Timor ya Mashariki]]
| 2.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Tuvalu]]
| 2.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Sri Lanka]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 47
|-
| [[Yemen]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 70
|-
| [[Andorra]]
| 2.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Kirgizia]]
| 2.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Romania]]
| 2.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 71
|-
| [[Sao Tome na Principe]]
| 2.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 84
|-
| [[Bangladesh]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 232
|-
| [[Libya]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 119
|-
| [[Armenia]]
| 2.19
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Welisi]]
| 2.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 47
|-
| [[Ucheki]]
| 2.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 159
|-
| [[Sahara ya Magharibi]]
| 2.10
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Uzbekistan]]
| 2.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 221
|-
| [[Kuwait]]
| 2.07
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 67
|-
| [[Malaysia]]
| 2.06
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 91
|-
| [[Kupro]]
| 2.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Maldivi]]
| 2.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 129
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:red&quot; | Mbegu
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Cook]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Montenegro]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 41
|-
| [[Nauru]]
| 1.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 31
|-
| [[Ossetia Kusini]]
| 1.97
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 5
|-
| [[Vanuatu]]
| 1.96
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Togo]]
| 1.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 74
|-
| [[Albania]]
| 1.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 49
|-
| [[Mauritania]]
| 1.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 63
|-
| [[Samoa]]
| 1.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 28
|-
| [[Georgia]]
| 1.72
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]]
| 1.71
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 15
|-
| [[Lituanya]]
| 1.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Gine]]
| 1.67
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Niue]]
| 1.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 14
|-
| [[Abkhazia]]
| 1.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 18
|-
| [[Tajikistan]]
| 1.55
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Palau]]
| 1.53
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 71
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Solomon]]
| 1.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 45
|-
| [[Gibraltar]]
| 1.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Estonia]]
| 1.40
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Kiribati]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 22
|-
| [[Samoa ya Marekani]]
| 1.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Slovakia]]
| 1.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana]]
| 1.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 12
|-
| [[Tonga]]
| 1.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 44
|}

==Takwimu==


===Takwimu za Jumla===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko
|-
| Jumla ya Makala || 172 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34944 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 29543 || ↑ +1.3%
|-
| Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || —
|-
| Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 171.8 || —
|}

===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko
|-
| 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2716 || ↓ -6.5%
|-
| 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 1646 || ↑ +1632.6%
|-
| 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1301 || ↑ +20.9%
|-
| 4 || [[Urusi]] || 779 || ↑ +60.6%
|-
| 5 || [[Kenya]] || 715 || ↓ -2.5%
|-
| 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 620 || ↓ -9.9%
|-
| 7 || [[Australia]] || 570 || ↑ +59.7%
|-
| 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 529 || ↓ -3.3%
|-
| 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 496 || ↓ -35.3%
|-
| 10 || [[Irani]] || 466 || ↓ -57.2%
|-
|}

====Wahariri====
Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia
|-
| 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 641 || 44.8%
|-
| 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.0%
|-
| 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 126 || 8.8%
|-
| 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 125 || 8.7%
|-
| 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6%
|-
| 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 7 || 0.5%
|-
| 9 || [[User:Jojaruba|Jojaruba]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
| 10 || [[User:~2025-43584-58|~2025-43584-58]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
|}</text>
      <sha1>b8pvegy6hfigro0adqdoxkf8dmnha7z</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576681</id>
      <parentid>1576680</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:40:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sasisha Takwimu za mradi</comment>
      <origin>1576681</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21760" sha1="gw0ai2rkqekducnoe2qlvkwrd4k1y24" xml:space="preserve">{{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}}
{{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}}

== Yaliyomo ==
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;&quot;&gt;
Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]].
[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;i&gt;Gayle157&lt;sup&gt;2.0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;'''&lt;/div&gt;]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

== Mwongozo ==
===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa===
'''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Jedwali la nchi}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana.

===Utangulizi=== 
{{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}}
Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo:
====Aya ya Utangulizi====
Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800.
Mfano:
&lt;/br&gt;
{{Blockquote|
'''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}}
====Aya zinazofuata====
Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii.

===Mwili===
Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji.

====Asili ya jina==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi.
====Historia====
Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa.

====Jiografia====
Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili.

====Demografia==== 
Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana.
====Uchumi====
Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato.
====Serikali na siasa==== 
Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa.
====Utamaduni====
Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa.
====Tazama pia====
Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika.

====Marejeo==== 
Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa.
====Viungo vya nje==== 
Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo.

== Makala ==


{{Chati ya duara
| caption= CAQI (2026-06-26)
| label1 = Makala Bora
| value1 = 7
| color1= green
| label2 = Makala Nzuri
| value2 = 9
| color2= yellow
| label3 = Makala Msingi
| value3 = 60
| color3= orange
| label4 = Makala ya Chini
| value4 = 73
| color4= lightblue
| label5 = Mbegu
| value5 = 26
| color5= red
}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nchi
! CAQI (2026-06-26)&lt;br /&gt;
! Mitazamo (siku 30)&lt;br /&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:green&quot; | Makala Bora
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
| 9.56
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 620
|-
| [[Kenya]]
| 9.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 715
|-
| [[Tanzania]]
| 9.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 2716
|-
| [[Ghana]]
| 8.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 300
|-
| [[Marekani]]
| 8.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1301
|-
| [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]]
| 8.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 972
|-
| [[Afrika Kusini]]
| 8.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 529
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:yellow&quot; | Makala Nzuri
|-
| [[Hispania]]
| 7.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 274
|-
| [[Irani]]
| 7.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 466
|-
| [[Ethiopia]]
| 7.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 334
|-
| [[Urusi]]
| 7.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#228B22; color:white&quot; | 779
|-
| [[Burundi]]
| 7.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 440
|-
| [[Sudan Kusini]]
| 7.28
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 156
|-
| [[Nigeria]]
| 7.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 265
|-
| [[Australia]]
| 7.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#3CB371; color:white&quot; | 570
|-
| [[Somalia]]
| 7.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 204
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:orange&quot; | Makala Msingi
|-
| [[Senegal]]
| 6.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 227
|-
| [[Ufaransa]]
| 6.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 496
|-
| [[Italia]]
| 6.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 211
|-
| [[Falme za Kiarabu]]
| 6.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 161
|-
| [[Laos]]
| 5.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 58
|-
| [[Uingereza]]
| 5.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 435
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]]
| 5.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 405
|-
| [[Rwanda]]
| 5.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 252
|-
| [[Korea Kaskazini]]
| 5.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 200
|-
| [[Mali]]
| 5.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 141
|-
| [[Korea Kusini]]
| 5.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 185
|-
| [[Ufini]]
| 5.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 125
|-
| [[Uswisi]]
| 5.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 253
|-
| [[Israeli]]
| 5.15
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 422
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Muungano]]
| 5.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 156
|-
| [[Cabo Verde]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#006400; color:white&quot; | 1646
|-
| [[Zambia]]
| 4.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 171
|-
| [[Ujerumani]]
| 4.83
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 365
|-
| [[Niger]]
| 4.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Misri]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 314
|-
| [[Uganda]]
| 4.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 405
|-
| [[Afghanistan]]
| 4.70
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 83
|-
| [[Shelisheli]]
| 4.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 146
|-
| [[Japani]]
| 4.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 333
|-
| [[San Marino]]
| 4.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 49
|-
| [[Chad]]
| 4.59
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 80
|-
| [[Austria]]
| 4.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 162
|-
| [[Kamerun]]
| 4.47
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 95
|-
| [[Vatikani]]
| 4.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 262
|-
| [[Gine Bisau]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 33
|-
| [[Ukraini]]
| 4.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 228
|-
| [[Sudan]]
| 4.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 97
|-
| [[Uswidi]]
| 4.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 150
|-
| [[Uholanzi]]
| 4.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 396
|-
| [[Kanada]]
| 4.17
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 463
|-
| [[Kamboja]]
| 4.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 57
|-
| [[Moroko]]
| 4.13
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 227
|-
| [[Uhindi]]
| 4.08
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 257
|-
| [[Malawi]]
| 4.05
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 174
|-
| [[Pakistani]]
| 3.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 74
|-
| [[Ubelgiji]]
| 3.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 158
|-
| [[Udeni]]
| 3.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 71
|-
| [[Burkina Faso]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 89
|-
| [[Ugiriki]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 173
|-
| [[Vietnam]]
| 3.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 106
|-
| [[Bulgaria]]
| 3.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Ureno]]
| 3.79
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 349
|-
| [[Isilandi]]
| 3.77
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 63
|-
| [[Msumbiji]]
| 3.76
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 260
|-
| [[Aljeria]]
| 3.73
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 54
|-
| [[Kazakhstan]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Malta]]
| 3.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 56
|-
| [[Indonesia]]
| 3.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 106
|-
| [[Singapuri]]
| 3.63
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 399
|-
| [[Uturuki]]
| 3.62
| style=&quot;background-color:#90EE90; color:black&quot; | 456
|-
| [[Papua Guinea Mpya]]
| 3.61
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 47
|-
| [[Eritrea]]
| 3.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Uthai]]
| 3.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 73
|-
| [[Angola]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 109
|-
| [[Hong Kong]]
| 3.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 96
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:lightblue&quot; | Makala ya Chini
|-
| [[Bhutan]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Fiji]]
| 3.46
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Madagaska]]
| 3.45
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 113
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Udeni]]
| 3.44
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 12
|-
| [[Palestina]]
| 3.43
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 193
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]
| 3.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 126
|-
| [[Syria]]
| 3.35
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 109
|-
| [[Latvia]]
| 3.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Myanmar]]
| 3.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Botswana]]
| 3.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 103
|-
| [[Komori]]
| 3.20
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 143
|-
| [[Liberia]]
| 3.16
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 72
|-
| [[Eswatini]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 123
|-
| [[Morisi]]
| 3.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 76
|-
| [[Jibuti]]
| 3.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Omani]]
| 3.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 95
|-
| [[Polandi]]
| 3.03
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 145
|-
| [[Zimbabwe]]
| 3.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 126
|-
| [[Kosovo]]
| 2.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 55
|-
| [[Benin]]
| 2.93
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 65
|-
| [[Brunei]]
| 2.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 85
|-
| [[Qatar]]
| 2.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 163
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 135
|-
| [[Saudia]]
| 2.90
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Gine ya Ikweta]]
| 2.89
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 43
|-
| [[Lesotho]]
| 2.88
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Nyuzilandi]]
| 2.86
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 153
|-
| [[Hungaria]]
| 2.84
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 195
|-
| [[Sierra Leone]]
| 2.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 64
|-
| [[Eire]]
| 2.80
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 66
|-
| [[Liechtenstein]]
| 2.78
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Gabon]]
| 2.74
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 76
|-
| [[Azerbaijan]]
| 2.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 42
|-
| [[Kroatia]]
| 2.68
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 116
|-
| [[Slovenia]]
| 2.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Namibia]]
| 2.65
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 155
|-
| [[Tunisia]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Ufilipino]]
| 2.64
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 96
|-
| [[Kodivaa]]
| 2.60
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya China]]
| 2.54
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 82
|-
| [[Moldova]]
| 2.52
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 31
|-
| [[Bahrain]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 52
|-
| [[Norwei]]
| 2.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 143
|-
| [[Luxemburg]]
| 2.49
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 68
|-
| [[Masedonia Kaskazini]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Yordani]]
| 2.48
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 115
|-
| [[Mongolia]]
| 2.42
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 131
|-
| [[Belarus]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 59
|-
| [[Serbia]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Turkmenistan]]
| 2.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Gambia]]
| 2.39
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Iraki]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 139
|-
| [[Nepal]]
| 2.37
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 56
|-
| [[Timor ya Mashariki]]
| 2.34
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Tuvalu]]
| 2.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 38
|-
| [[Sri Lanka]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 47
|-
| [[Yemen]]
| 2.32
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 70
|-
| [[Andorra]]
| 2.30
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 78
|-
| [[Kirgizia]]
| 2.26
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 62
|-
| [[Romania]]
| 2.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 71
|-
| [[Sao Tome na Principe]]
| 2.23
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 84
|-
| [[Bangladesh]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 75
|-
| [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 232
|-
| [[Libya]]
| 2.22
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 119
|-
| [[Armenia]]
| 2.19
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 60
|-
| [[Welisi]]
| 2.14
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 47
|-
| [[Ucheki]]
| 2.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 159
|-
| [[Sahara ya Magharibi]]
| 2.10
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 61
|-
| [[Uzbekistan]]
| 2.09
| style=&quot;background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black&quot; | 221
|-
| [[Kuwait]]
| 2.07
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 67
|-
| [[Malaysia]]
| 2.06
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 91
|-
| [[Kupro]]
| 2.04
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Maldivi]]
| 2.02
| style=&quot;background-color:#FFA500; color:black&quot; | 129
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color:red&quot; | Mbegu
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Cook]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Montenegro]]
| 1.99
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 41
|-
| [[Nauru]]
| 1.98
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 31
|-
| [[Ossetia Kusini]]
| 1.97
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 5
|-
| [[Vanuatu]]
| 1.96
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Togo]]
| 1.95
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 74
|-
| [[Albania]]
| 1.92
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 49
|-
| [[Mauritania]]
| 1.91
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 63
|-
| [[Samoa]]
| 1.82
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 28
|-
| [[Georgia]]
| 1.72
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 77
|-
| [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]]
| 1.71
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 15
|-
| [[Lituanya]]
| 1.69
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 35
|-
| [[Gine]]
| 1.67
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Niue]]
| 1.66
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 14
|-
| [[Abkhazia]]
| 1.58
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 18
|-
| [[Tajikistan]]
| 1.55
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Palau]]
| 1.53
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 71
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Solomon]]
| 1.51
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 45
|-
| [[Gibraltar]]
| 1.41
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Estonia]]
| 1.40
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 37
|-
| [[Kiribati]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]]
| 1.38
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 22
|-
| [[Samoa ya Marekani]]
| 1.36
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 27
|-
| [[Slovakia]]
| 1.33
| style=&quot;background-color:#FF4444; color:white&quot; | 50
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Mariana]]
| 1.25
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 12
|-
| [[Tonga]]
| 1.11
| style=&quot;background-color:#8B0000; color:white&quot; | 44
|}

==Takwimu==


===Takwimu za Jumla===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko
|-
| Jumla ya Makala || 172 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34944 || —
|-
| Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 29730 || ↑ +1.5%
|-
| Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || —
|-
| Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 172.8 || —
|}

===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko
|-
| 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2716 || ↓ -6.5%
|-
| 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 1646 || ↑ +1632.6%
|-
| 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1301 || ↑ +20.9%
|-
| 4 || [[Urusi]] || 779 || ↑ +60.6%
|-
| 5 || [[Kenya]] || 715 || ↓ -2.5%
|-
| 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 620 || ↓ -9.9%
|-
| 7 || [[Australia]] || 570 || ↑ +59.7%
|-
| 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 529 || ↓ -3.3%
|-
| 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 496 || ↓ -35.3%
|-
| 10 || [[Irani]] || 466 || ↓ -57.2%
|-
|}

====Wahariri====
Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia
|-
| 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 641 || 44.8%
|-
| 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.0%
|-
| 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 126 || 8.8%
|-
| 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 125 || 8.7%
|-
| 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8%
|-
| 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6%
|-
| 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 7 || 0.5%
|-
| 9 || [[User:Jojaruba|Jojaruba]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
| 10 || [[User:~2025-43584-58|~2025-43584-58]] || 5 || 0.3%
|-
|}</text>
      <sha1>gw0ai2rkqekducnoe2qlvkwrd4k1y24</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:JEREMIAH MAYUNGA</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>216171</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576682</id>
      <parentid>1463814</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:42:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JEREMIAH MAYUNGA</username>
        <id>83694</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* MIFUKO YA UKWASI NA MR JEREMIAH MAYUNGA */ mjadala mpya</comment>
      <origin>1576682</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5098" sha1="n9mlfnyvobo4uypjec07lq6ijhcuu3d" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%&quot;&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
* do not use as references &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, though you can use their references by writing them themselves.
As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems.
&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 07:14, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

== MIFUKO YA UKWASI NA MR JEREMIAH MAYUNGA ==

Mifuko ya ukwasi yaan Liquid funds au money market funds ni mifuko ya uwekezaji inayokusanya fedha kutoka wawekezaji wengi na kuziwekeza kwenye vyombo vya muda mfupi vyenye hatari ama risk ndogo kama vile

1.hatifungani za muda mfupi za benki au taasisi za fedha 

2. Treasury bills

3. Amana za muda maalum (fixed deposit)

4. Mikataba ya soko la fedha n.k

'''Je ni nini ukweli wa mifuko hii?? Ungana na jeremiah mayunga kutoka mhitimu kutoka  chuo cha usimamizi wa fedha ifm''' 

# Inawafaa watu wasio penda hatari kubwa (yaani risk averse) watu wasiopenda kuishi kwa hofu ya kupata hasara kwa kawaida mifuko hii •inahatari ndogo kuliko hisa • ina mabadiliko madogo ya thamani ●inafaa kwa fedha za dharura au malengo ya muda mfupi
# Si akaunti ya benki. Fedha ulizoziwekeza katika mifuko hii hazipungui kama zinazohifadhiwa kwenye mabenki ingawa hatari inaweza kuwa ndogo thamani inaweza kupanda au kushuka kidogo sana kulingana na mapato ya gharama za mfuko
# Faida si ya kudumu, Mapato hutegemea ■viwango vya riba nchini yaani interest rate ■ Mapato ya vitega uchumi vilivyopo ndani ya mfuko ■ gharama za uendeshaji mfuko Kwahio unaweza kupata ▪︎ miezi yenye faida kubwa, miezi yenye faida kidogo na wakati mwingine kushuka kidogo kwa thamani ya uwekezaji ila ni nadra sana 
# Ukwasi ni mkubwa (liquidity) mara nyingi unaweza kuomba fedha zako na kuzipata ndani ya muda mchache sana na ndio maana tunaiita mifuko ya ukwasi

'''[[Mtumiaji:JEREMIAH MAYUNGA|JEREMIAH MAYUNGA]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:JEREMIAH MAYUNGA#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:42, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>n9mlfnyvobo4uypjec07lq6ijhcuu3d</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576683</id>
      <parentid>1576682</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:44:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JEREMIAH MAYUNGA</username>
        <id>83694</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* MIFUKO YA UKWASI NA MR JEREMIAH MAYUNGA */</comment>
      <origin>1576683</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5103" sha1="0890r8hwwsgp1blpi5urhpupqcc724n" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%&quot;&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
* do not use as references &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, though you can use their references by writing them themselves.
As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems.
&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 07:14, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

== MIFUKO YA UKWASI NA MR JEREMIAH MAYUNGA ==

Mifuko ya ukwasi yaan Liquid funds au money market funds ni mifuko ya uwekezaji inayokusanya fedha kutoka wawekezaji wengi na kuziwekeza kwenye vyombo vya muda mfupi vyenye hatari ama risk ndogo kama vile

1.hatifungani za muda mfupi za benki au taasisi za fedha 

2. Treasury bills

3. Amana za muda maalum (fixed deposit)

4. Mikataba ya soko la fedha n.k

'''Je ni nini ukweli wa mifuko hii?? Ungana na jeremiah mayunga mhitimu kutoka  chuo cha usimamizi wa fedha ifm''' (0755693238)

# Inawafaa watu wasio penda hatari kubwa (yaani risk averse) watu wasiopenda kuishi kwa hofu ya kupata hasara kwa kawaida mifuko hii •inahatari ndogo kuliko hisa • ina mabadiliko madogo ya thamani ●inafaa kwa fedha za dharura au malengo ya muda mfupi
# Si akaunti ya benki. Fedha ulizoziwekeza katika mifuko hii hazipungui kama zinazohifadhiwa kwenye mabenki ingawa hatari inaweza kuwa ndogo thamani inaweza kupanda au kushuka kidogo sana kulingana na mapato ya gharama za mfuko
# Faida si ya kudumu, Mapato hutegemea ■viwango vya riba nchini yaani interest rate ■ Mapato ya vitega uchumi vilivyopo ndani ya mfuko ■ gharama za uendeshaji mfuko Kwahio unaweza kupata ▪︎ miezi yenye faida kubwa, miezi yenye faida kidogo na wakati mwingine kushuka kidogo kwa thamani ya uwekezaji ila ni nadra sana 
# Ukwasi ni mkubwa (liquidity) mara nyingi unaweza kuomba fedha zako na kuzipata ndani ya muda mchache sana na ndio maana tunaiita mifuko ya ukwasi

'''[[Mtumiaji:JEREMIAH MAYUNGA|JEREMIAH MAYUNGA]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:JEREMIAH MAYUNGA#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:42, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>0890r8hwwsgp1blpi5urhpupqcc724n</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576695</id>
      <parentid>1576683</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:53:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-36913-93</username>
        <id>90514</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* MIFUKO YA UKWASI NA MR JEREMIAH MAYUNGA */ Jibu</comment>
      <origin>1576695</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5297" sha1="8rmgetn6xwlhto2v3ok2qjm3u2h5wf9" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%&quot;&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
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&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 07:14, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

== MIFUKO YA UKWASI NA MR JEREMIAH MAYUNGA ==

Mifuko ya ukwasi yaan Liquid funds au money market funds ni mifuko ya uwekezaji inayokusanya fedha kutoka wawekezaji wengi na kuziwekeza kwenye vyombo vya muda mfupi vyenye hatari ama risk ndogo kama vile

1.hatifungani za muda mfupi za benki au taasisi za fedha 

2. Treasury bills

3. Amana za muda maalum (fixed deposit)

4. Mikataba ya soko la fedha n.k

'''Je ni nini ukweli wa mifuko hii?? Ungana na jeremiah mayunga mhitimu kutoka  chuo cha usimamizi wa fedha ifm''' (0755693238)

# Inawafaa watu wasio penda hatari kubwa (yaani risk averse) watu wasiopenda kuishi kwa hofu ya kupata hasara kwa kawaida mifuko hii •inahatari ndogo kuliko hisa • ina mabadiliko madogo ya thamani ●inafaa kwa fedha za dharura au malengo ya muda mfupi
# Si akaunti ya benki. Fedha ulizoziwekeza katika mifuko hii hazipungui kama zinazohifadhiwa kwenye mabenki ingawa hatari inaweza kuwa ndogo thamani inaweza kupanda au kushuka kidogo sana kulingana na mapato ya gharama za mfuko
# Faida si ya kudumu, Mapato hutegemea ■viwango vya riba nchini yaani interest rate ■ Mapato ya vitega uchumi vilivyopo ndani ya mfuko ■ gharama za uendeshaji mfuko Kwahio unaweza kupata ▪︎ miezi yenye faida kubwa, miezi yenye faida kidogo na wakati mwingine kushuka kidogo kwa thamani ya uwekezaji ila ni nadra sana 
# Ukwasi ni mkubwa (liquidity) mara nyingi unaweza kuomba fedha zako na kuzipata ndani ya muda mchache sana na ndio maana tunaiita mifuko ya ukwasi

'''[[Mtumiaji:JEREMIAH MAYUNGA|JEREMIAH MAYUNGA]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:JEREMIAH MAYUNGA#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:42, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)

:Je faida inapatikanaje hii itakuwa mada inayofuata [[Maalum:Michango/&amp;#126;2026-36913-93|&amp;#126;2026-36913-93]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&amp;#126;2026-36913-93|talk]]) 09:53, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Francis Kasaila</title>
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      <text bytes="1244" sha1="2h1mt09wlpemeycw7lksaw98aadwic0" xml:space="preserve">'''Francis Kasaila''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Waziri wa Uchukuzi na [[Kazi]] za Umma nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2014 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi Peter Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 19 Juni 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-11|archive-date=2011-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210030117/http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Malawians give Mutharika Cabinet size thumps up  - The Malawi Oracle Times|date=2014-06-24|url=http://www.orakonews.com/malawians-give-mutharika-cabinet-size-thumps-up/|work=The Malawi Oracle Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-11|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235413/http://www.orakonews.com/malawians-give-mutharika-cabinet-size-thumps-up/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}}
[[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]
[[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Delegada Ione</title>
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      <text bytes="711" sha1="23e7j0e02et56201u4k126aqeipev4u" xml:space="preserve">[[File:2022-08-12 at 19.11.44.jpg|thumb|Delegada Ione Barbosa]]
'''Ione Maria Moreira Dias Barbosa''' (alizaliwa 20 Machi 1974) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anajulikana zaidi kama kiongozi wa polisi anayefanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Minas Gerais]] tangu mwaka 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220625/biografia|title=Delegada Ione – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
{{Reflist}}

== Viungo vya Nje ==
{{commonscat}}
* [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220625 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil]
{{Mbegu-mtu}}
{{BD|1974||Barbosa, Ione}}
[[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]]
[[Jamii:Wanawake wa Brazil]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Waraka wa pili wa Klementi</title>
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      <text bytes="3550" sha1="oxedg0582zqovedzbogl5x445ll2qh2" xml:space="preserve">'''Waraka wa pili wa Klementi''' ni [[Maandishi|andiko]] la [[Kiyunani|Kigiriki]] [[karne ya 2]] lililopewa jina la [[Papa Klementi I]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Brannan |first=Rick|date=2017 |title=The Apostolic Fathers: A New Translation |publisher=Lexham Press |page=3 |isbn=978-1-68359-064-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; ambalo ni kati ya yale ya kwanza ya [[Ukristo]] nje ya [[Biblia]] ([[Agano Jipya]]) yaliyohifadhiwa na kujulikana hadi leo. Pengine liliingizwa pamoja na [[waraka wa kwanza wa Klementi]] katika matoleo ya [[Biblia ya Kikristo]], lakini baadaye liliachwa nje tena wengi walikanusha kuwa kazi ya [[Papa]] huyo&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Holmes|2007|pp=132–35|loc=Second Clement}}&lt;/ref&gt;, kuanzia [[Eusebi wa Kaisarea]]&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Eusebius Pamphilius|325|loc=Book3, Chapter 38}}&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Jeromu]]&lt;ref&gt;Jerome, ''[[De Viris Illustribus (Jerome)|De Viris Illustribus]]'', Chapter 15&lt;/ref&gt;. 

Vilevile inaonekana kuwa si [[barua]] kwa [[Korintho|Wakorintho]] kama ilivyodhaniwa awali&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Petersen|2006|p=392}}&lt;/ref&gt;, bali [[hotuba]]&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Donfried|1973|p=487}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya miaka [[120]]-[[140]] [[Baada ya Kristo|BK]].

Iliandikwa kwa [[lugha]] ya Kigiriki, iliyokuwa inatumiwa na Wakristo wengi wa wakati ule hata mjini [[Roma ya Kale|Roma]]. 

Pamoja na maandiko mengine kama vile [[Didake]], [[Barua ya Barnaba|Waraka wa Barnaba]] na [[Waraka|nyaraka]] saba za [[Ignas wa Antiokia]] iko kati ya [[Mababu wa Kitume]], yaani maandiko ya kale kabisa ya Ukristo yaliyohifadhiwa nje ya Agano Jipya. 

==Tazama pia==
* [[Mababu wa Kitume]]
* [[Babu wa Kanisa|Mababu wa Kanisa]]

== Marejeo ==
{{marejeo}}

== Vyanzo ==
*{{citation|last=Donfried|first=Karl|date=October 1973|title=The Theology of Second Clement|journal=The Harvard Theological Review|publisher=Cambridge University Press|volume=66|issue=4|pages=487–501|issn=0017-8160|jstor=1509081|doi=10.1017/S0017816000018149|s2cid=170816578 }}
*{{citation|author=Eusebius Pamphilius|author-link=Eusebius|title=Ecclesiastical history|url=http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/03d/0265-0339,_Eusebius_Caesariensis,_Historia_ecclesiastica_%5BSchaff%5D,_EN.pdf|year=325|access-date=2012-11-27}}
*{{citation|last=Holmes|first=Michael|author-link=Michael W. Holmes|title=Apostolic Fathers, The: Greek Texts and English Translations|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0-oR_HWnzWcC|access-date=2012-11-27|date=1 November 2007|publisher=Baker Academic|location=Grand Rapids|isbn=978-0-8010-3468-8}}
*{{citation|last=Petersen|first=William|date=November 2006|title=Patristic Biblical Quotations and Method: Four Changes to Lightfoot's Edition of &quot;Second Clement&quot;|journal=Vigiliae Christianae|publisher=Brill|volume=60|issue=4|pages=389–419|issn=0042-6032|jstor=20474780|doi=10.1163/157007206778926292}}

== Marejeo mengine ==
*{{cite book |last = Tuckett |first = Christopher M. |author-link = Christopher M. Tuckett |title = 2 Clement: Introduction, Text, and Commentary |year = 2012 |publisher = Oxford University Press |isbn = 978-0-19-969460-0 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=TE4-T4XE-CkC}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
*[http://early.xpian.info/eng/2clement.html An extensive list of English translations of 2 Clement]
*{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20170127030512/http://www.textexcavation.com/greekclementsermon1-10.html Chapters 1 to 10 in Greek]}}
*{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20170127030517/http://www.textexcavation.com/greekclementsermon11-20.html Chaapters 11 to 20 in Greek]}}
{{mbegu-kitabu}}
[[Jamii:vitabu]]
[[Jamii:Mababu wa Kanisa]]
[[Jamii:Fasihi ya Kigiriki]]</text>
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    <title>Elfu moja mia tatu arobaini na nne</title>
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      <text bytes="432" sha1="g4wsu5ceo7tilpog599i0vlx85vogn6" xml:space="preserve">'''Elfu moja mia tatu arobaini na nne''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1344''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCCCXLIV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. 

Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja mia tatu arobaini na tatu|1343]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja mia tatu arobaini na tano|1345]].

==Matumizi==
* Namba hurejea miaka [[1344 KK]] na [[1344]] [[BK]].

== Marejeo ==
{{marejeo}}
{{mbegu-hisabati}}
[[Jamii:Namba asilia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Baraza la Maji Duniani</title>
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      <text bytes="7231" sha1="heyvrgf839sz6w969v47nge4y83vpgz" xml:space="preserve">{{tafsiri kompyuta}}
'''Baraza la Maji Duniani''' (WWC) ni [[:fr:Think_tank|shirika la kimataifa la mawazo]] linalolenga kuunda ushirikiano kati ya aina tofauti za mashirika, kama vile mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali, serikali na watendaji binafsi, ili kutatua matatizo yanayohusiana na maji na kukuza suluhisho za sera na kiufundi.

Kufikia mwaka wa 2025, zaidi ya mashirika 250 kutoka zaidi ya nchi 50 katika mabara 5 yatakuwa wanachama wa Baraza. Saraka na orodha kamili ya wanachama zinapatikana kwenye tovuti ya Baraza la Maji Duniani.

Baraza la Maji Duniani lilianzishwa mwaka wa [[1996|1996.]] Makao yake makuu yako [[Marseille]], Ufaransa, na lugha zake za kazi ni Kifaransa na Kiingereza.

Dhamira yake iliyotajwa ni &quot;kukuza uelewa, kutoa ushiriki wa kisiasa na kuchochea hatua kuhusu masuala muhimu yanayohusiana na maji katika ngazi zote, ikiwa ni pamoja na ngazi ya juu zaidi ya kufanya maamuzi, ili kurahisisha uhifadhi, ulinzi, maendeleo, mipango, usimamizi na matumizi bora ya maji katika nyanja zake zote, kwa msingi endelevu wa ikolojia, kwa manufaa ya viumbe vyote hai Duniani.&quot;

Mojawapo ya matukio makuu yanayoandaliwa na Baraza ni [[:fr:Forum_mondial_de_l'eau|Jukwaa la Maji Duniani]] . Jukwaa hilo ndilo tukio kubwa zaidi la kimataifa katika uwanja wa maji. Kila baada ya miaka mitatu, Baraza la Maji Duniani huliandaa kwa ushirikiano wa karibu na mamlaka za nchi mwenyeji.

== Historia ==
Baraza la Maji Duniani liliundwa kufuatia uelewa unaoongezeka kuhusu matatizo yanayohusiana na maji. Hamu ya kuyashughulikia iliibuka mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1970.

Mnamo 1977, Mkutano wa Maji wa Umoja wa Mataifa, uliofanyika Mar del Plata &lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea jarida |date=1977 |title=Report of the United Nations Water Conference, Mar del Plata, 14-25 March 1977 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/724642?ln=en&amp;v=pdf |journal=1 |language=en |publisher=UN, |access-date=2025-02-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;, ulikuwa mkutano wa kwanza wa kiserikali uliowekwa wakfu kwa maji. Kisha, mnamo 1994, IWRA &lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=IWRA HISTORY – International Water Resources Association|url=https://www.iwra.org/history/|accessdate=2025-02-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; iliandaa mkutano ambao ulisababisha azimio na kamati iliyotaka kuunda Baraza la Maji Duniani. Mnamo 1995, kamati ya mwanzilishi ilianzishwa na mkutano wake wa kwanza ulifanyika Montreal. Hatimaye, mnamo{{Date|juin 1996}} Baraza limeundwa kisheria na makao yake makuu yako Marseille.

Bodi ya kwanza ya muda ya magavana ilikutana huko Granada, Uhispania, mnamo{{Date|juillet 1996}} .

Mwezi wa machi 1997, Jukwaa la kwanza la Maji Duniani &lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea jarida |date=1997-06-01 |title=First World Water Forum, World Water Council—Water: The World's Common Heritage, Marrakesh, Morocco, March 19–24, 1997 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02508069708686683 |journal=Water International |volume=22 |issue=2 |page=118–122 |doi=10.1080/02508069708686683 |issn=0250-8060 |access-date=2025-02-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; liliandaliwa huko Marrakech, Moroko.

Muundo, uanachama na utawala

Baraza la Maji Duniani ni shirika la kimataifa. Shirika lolote linalotaka kushughulikia masuala yanayohusiana na maji linaweza kuwa mwanachama wa Baraza. Wajumbe wake wamegawanywa katika vyuo vitano tofauti. :

* Chuo cha 1 Mashirika ya kiserikali
* Chuo cha 2 Serikali na mashirika yanayofadhiliwa na serikali
* Chuo cha 3 Mashirika ya kibiashara
* Chuo cha 4 Mashirika ya kiraia
* Chuo cha 5 Mashirika ya kitaaluma na kitaaluma

Waanzilishi na wanachama wa Baraza la Maji Duniani ni Tume ya Kimataifa ya Umwagiliaji na Mifereji ya Maji, [[IUCN|Umoja wa Kimataifa wa Uhifadhi wa Mazingira]] (IUCN), [[International Water Association|Chama cha Kimataifa cha Maji]] (IWA), AquaFed (Shirikisho la Kimataifa la Waendeshaji Maji Binafsi), [[Suez Lyonnaise des Eaux]], mashirika ya Umoja wa Mataifa [[Mradi wa Maendeleo wa Umoja wa Mataifa|UNDP]] na [[UNESCO]], na [[Benki ya Dunia]] .

Baraza la Maji Duniani limeongozwa na watu wanne tangu kuanzishwa kwake mwaka wa 1996.

Baraza la Maji Duniani hufadhiliwa kimsingi na ada za uanachama, huku usaidizi wa ziada ukitolewa na jiji mwenyeji wa mabaraza hayo. Miradi na programu maalum hufadhiliwa na michango na ruzuku kutoka kwa serikali, mashirika ya kimataifa, na mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali.

== Kitendo cha Baraza la Maji Duniani ==

=== Mkutano wa kimataifa: Jukwaa la Maji Duniani ===
Jukwaa hili hufanyika kila baada ya miaka mitatu katika eneo jipya. Jukwaa hili ni nguvu inayoongoza katika sekta ya maji. Hakika, ni mahali pa kukutania mashirika na watu binafsi mbalimbali. Jumuiya ya maji, inayojumuisha watafiti, makampuni binafsi, mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali, na wasomi, hukutana na watunga sera ili kushirikiana, kushiriki maarifa yao, na kujitolea kwao kuleta mabadiliko.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|Tarehe
|Mahali
|Mandhari
|-
|Machi 1997
|Marrakech, Moroko
|&quot;Maono ya Maji, Uhai na Mazingira&quot;
|-
|Machi 2000
|The Hague, Uholanzi
|&quot;Kutoka Maono Hadi Vitendo&quot;
|-
|Machi 16-23, 2003
|Kyoto, Osaka na Shiga, Japan
|&quot;Kyoto, Shiga na Osaka, Japan, Machi 2003&quot;
|-
|Machi 14-22, 2006
|Jiji la Mexico, Meksiko
|&quot;Vitendo vya Ndani kwa Changamoto ya Kimataifa&quot;
|-
|Machi 16-22, 2009
|Istanbul, Uturuki
|&quot;Kuunganisha Migawanyiko kwa Maji&quot;
|-
|Machi 12-17, 2012
|Marseille, Ufaransa
|&quot;Wakati wa Suluhisho&quot;
|-
|Aprili 12-17, 2015
|Daegu na Gyeong Buk, Korea Kusini
|&quot;Maji kwa ajili ya mustakabali wetu&quot;
|-
|Machi 18-23, 2018
|Brasilia, Brazili
|&quot;Kushiriki maji&quot;
|-
|Machi 22-27, 2022
|Dakar, Senegali
|&quot;Usalama wa Maji kwa Amani na Maendeleo&quot;
|-
|Mei 18-24, 2024
|Bali, Indonesia
|&quot;Maji kwa Ustawi wa Pamoja&quot;
|-
|2027
|Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
|&quot;Kitendo kwa Ajili ya Kesho Bora&quot;
|}

== Programu ==
Miongoni mwa dhamira za Baraza la Maji Duniani, kuwezesha vikundi vya kazi ni mojawapo ya shughuli kuu za shirika. Vikundi vya kazi vya Baraza la Maji Duniani vinaundwa na wanachama wake. Vimepangwa kuzunguka suala muhimu la mada na hutoa rasilimali mbalimbali, kuanzia nyaraka za kisayansi hadi karatasi za kazi, ili kuongoza, kuunga mkono, na kuwasaidia wadau mbalimbali katika jumuiya ya maji katika kufanya maamuzi yao.

Kila muhula, vikundi vyote vya kazi hupitiwa upya. Baadhi hubadilishwa ili kushughulikia mahitaji muhimu zaidi katika sekta ya maji. Zaidi ya hayo, vinaweza kushughulikia masuala ya dharura, kama vile kujenga ustahimilivu dhidi ya magonjwa ya mlipuko au mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa.

Vikundi hivi vya kazi vinaundwa na wataalamu kutoka nyanja mbalimbali, ikiwa ni pamoja na wasomi, mashirika ya kitaaluma, mashirika ya kiserikali, asasi za kiraia, sekta binafsi, na vyombo vya serikali. Utofauti wa wasifu wao unalenga kuimarisha mitazamo, kuwezesha mbinu kamili ya kila mada, na hatimaye, kutoa suluhisho bunifu kwa changamoto mahususi kwa muktadha.

== Mapitio ==
Wakosoaji wanashutumu Baraza la Maji Duniani kwa kukuza ubinafsishaji wa vifaa vya maji, na kusababisha ushawishi mkubwa kwa taasisi za fedha na mashirika ya maji duniani. Mwanaharakati wa Kanada Tony Clarke anaelezea Baraza la Maji Duniani kama kifuniko cha moshi kwa ajili ya ushawishi wa maji. [[:fr:Medha_Patkar|Medha Patkar]], mwanaharakati wa Kihindi, alitoa hotuba kali dhidi ya ubinafsishaji wa maji katika Jukwaa la 2 la Maji Duniani huko The Hague mnam

== Marejeo ==</text>
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'''Injini inayotumia maji''' linamaanisha aina mbalimbali za injini, ziwe zile za kufikiria tu au zile halisi zinazofanya kazi kweli :

* Injini zina [[Nishati ya kimakanika|mitambo]] Huu ni ubunifu wa kufikirika, kwa kuwa maji si mafuta na hayana nishati inayoweza kutumika . Hizi &quot; injini za maji &quot;zinafanana na mwendo wa kudumu, yaani, kulingana na kukataa kanuni za msingi za kemia na fizikia&quot; ;
* injini halisi zinazotumia maji kwa njia tofauti, lakini si kama chanzo cha nishati :
** Mifumo yenye utata inayoahidi kuboresha injini za mwako wa ndani kwa kutumia kifaa kinachotegemea maji. Mara nyingi hizi hudhibiti halijoto au shinikizo la mchanganyiko na zinaweza kuwa na athari ndogo lakini inayopimika kwenye matumizi ya mafuta.
** mifumo ambayo chanzo kingine cha nishati huwezesha uzalishaji wa dihidrojeni kwa kupasuka kwa maji, ambayo kisha hutumiwa na injini ya hidrojeni au seli ya mafuta, na kusababisha usawa hasi wa thermodynamic kwa ujumla,
** Kwa ugani, injini ya hidrojeni yenyewe, ambayo huunganisha tena oksijeni na hidrojeni. Maji basi ni matokeo ya [[Mmenyuko wa kikemia|mmenyuko wa kemikali]] .
** Injini ambazo mvuke wa maji hupanuliwa baada ya kuyeyushwa kwa kutumia pembejeo ya nishati ya joto, kama vile kwenye turbine ya mvuke . Katika hali hii, maji ni njia tu ya usafirishaji wa nishati .
** injini zinazotumia maji kama propelanti, huku hewa iliyobanwa kama chanzo cha umeme  ,
** Mifumo hii hutumia nishati inayotolewa na [[Uvukizaji|uvukizi]] wa maji katika angahewa kavu. Ufanisi wake ni mdogo, na kimsingi ni mambo ya ajabu ya kimaabara kwa sababu nguvu inayotolewa inaweza kuwa ndogo sana.

== Mifumo ya utendaji kazi ==

=== Seli za mafuta ===
Seli za mafuta hutoa nishati ya umeme kwa kutumiadihidrojeni kupitia muunganisho wake na dioksijeni. Hazitumii maji bali huyazalisha.

=== Kuingiza maji kwenye injini za mwako ===
Kihistoria, '''upuliziaji wa maji''' ulitumika katika injini za petroli za ndege za kivita ili kusaidia mfumo wa kupoza '''kwa nyakati maalum tu'''. Hakuna nguvu ya ziada iliyohusishwa moja kwa moja na maji haya, lakini '''yalizuia silinda kupata joto kupita kiasi''' wakati wa matumizi makali. '''Wakati injini ikifanya kazi kwa nguvu zote''', kwa mfano '''wakati wa kupaa mwinuko mkali''', wakati uwezo wa mfumo wa kupoza ulipozidiwa, kiasi kidogo cha maji kilichopuliziwa kwa wakati huo kiliboresha uondoaji wa joto kutoka ndani kabisa ya injini.  Joto fiche la mvuke lilikuwa chanzo kikuu cha kupoeza huku.

Kwa kuwa '''uzito wa ndege yenyewe (bila mzigo)''' ndio kikwazo kikuu kwa '''uwezo wake wa kubeba mzigo''', watengenezaji walitafuta njia za '''kupunguza uzito hata kwa kiasi kidogo''' kwenye ndege za kivita.Injini za petroli huathiriwa zaidi na kabla ya kuwaka . Hii hutokea wakati wa mgandamizo wa mzunguko wa silinda wakati injini inapozidi joto, na kusababisha mwako wa mapema kabla ya kuwaka. Hii husababisha kugonga, ambayo huongeza joto kupita kiasi. Wakati mwingine inaweza kusababisha uharibifu wa ghafla wa injini.

=== Mifumo inayotegemea uvukizi ===
Hewa inapokuwa kavu, maji huvukiza yenyewe, na kupoa kidogo mazingira yake ya karibu.

Upoevu huu unaweza kuhesabiwa kwa kutumia jedwali za psychrometric na unaweza kufikia [[Selsiasi|nyuzi joto chache Selsiasi]] . Hii inatosha kuendesha injini ndogo ya hewa moto, lakini bila kutoa nguvu nyingi au kuegemea (hewa mara chache hubaki kavu). (Wakati wa majira ya baridi kali, uvukizi ni mdogo usiku). Ili kuharakisha uvukizi, inawezekana kuongeza uingizaji hewa katika eneo lenye unyevunyevu na kupunguza shinikizo lake. :

* Kunywa vinyago vya ndege hufanya kazi kwa kanuni hii ;
* Aina nyingine ya injini inategemea kanuni hii : mnara wa nishati .

== Mifumo yenye utata ==
Mbinu mbalimbali zinadai kuboresha ufanisi wa injini kwa kuingiza maji. Injini za hivi karibuni zimeboreshwa hadi kufikia faida sawa au hata kubwa zaidi.{{Thibitisha|supérieurs à ceux que pourrait apporter l'injection d'eau}}   Matumizi ya vifaa hivyo yanaweza tu kuathiri utendaji na uaminifu wa injini za kisasa (miongoni mwa mambo mengine kwa kuongeza kutu ).

Mzozo unaojitokeza mara kwa mara unahusu matumizi ya injini ya mwako wa ndani iliyorekebishwa kidogo. Chuma cha pua, kwa mfano, hutumika kuzuia oksidi kutoka kwa mabaki ya maji na mvuke . Zaidi ya hayo, kanuni ya elektrolisisi ya maji hutumika kutenganisha [[Atomu|atomi za]] [[hidrojeni]] na oksijeni, na elementi hizi mbili hutumika katika mchanganyiko kama kioksidishaji kwa ajili ya mafuta ya msingi katika injini ya dizeli au petroli.

* Mlinganyo wa kutengeneza gesi ya hidrojeni kutoka kwenye maji (kwa mfano, kupitia mchakato wa elektrolisisi):
*: 2 H2​O+Q→2 H2​+O2​
* Mlinganyo wa mwako wa dihidrojeni (katika chumba cha mwako cha gari) :
*: 2 H2​+O2​→2 H2​O+Q
*: ambapo ''Q'' inaashiria kiasi cha nishati  inayotumika au inayozalishwa.

Tukichukulia kuwa « Hakutakuwa na hasara katika michakato ya nyufa na mwako ; ni nishati ya awali tu ndiyo itakayopatikana, na hakuna kingine zaidi. » .

Sheria ya [[Hifadhi ya nishati|uhifadhi wa nishati]] ina maana kwamba mfumo wowote wa injini ya joto hauwezi kutoa nishati zaidi ya inavyotumia &lt;ref&gt;{{En}} [https://users.stlcc.edu/gkrishnan/deltaH.html Heats of Formation] {{Wayback|url=https://users.stlcc.edu/gkrishnan/deltaH.html |date=20221004010538 }}, St. Louis Community College&lt;/ref&gt; . Sheria ya pili ya thermodynamics inaleta wazo la kutoweza kubadilika kwa mabadiliko  ,  kutokana na ongezeko la entropi ya mfumo (S), ambayo husababisha uharibifu wa baadhi ya nishati—yaani, mabadiliko yake yasiyoepukika kuwa joto, nishati ya joto inayopotea kwa gharama ya nishati ya mitambo inayotakiwa, kwa mfano, katika mfumo wa msuguano au upinzani wa mitambo. Hivyo, kuongeza awamu ya elektroli kwenye gari husababisha upotevu wa ufanisi. Kinadharia si faida, kwa mfano, kuoza maji kwa kutumia nishati inayotolewa na petroli ili kuwasha injini kuu na hidrojeni inayozalishwa.

=== Urban myth ===
Mada hii ina utata miongoni mwa wasio wataalamu kwa sababu taswira zinazohusiana nayo ni kali sana. Vikwazo vya kifedha vinavyohusika katika injini ya maji safi ni vingi sana. Kwa kweli, watetezi wa nadharia za njama dhidi ya nishati huru wanaamini kwamba injini kama hiyo inaweza kuwepo, lakini kwamba kuwepo kwake kunakandamizwa na ushawishi wa [[Mafuta ya petroli|mafuta]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Miracle ou mirage : le « moteur à eau » d’un entrepreneur breton permet-il de faire 20 % d’économie de carburant ?|url=https://www.letelegramme.fr/bretagne/toutes-les-infos/miracle-ou-miragenbsp-le-nbspmoteur-a-eaunbsp-dun-entrepreneur-breton-permet-il-de-faire-20nbsp-deconomie-de-carburantnbsp-4102614.php|date=2023-05-05|accessdate=2024-01-07}}.&lt;/ref&gt; .

Jumuiya ya wanasayansi imeonyesha kwamba kifaa kama hicho ni [[sayansi bandia]], kwani hakuna utafiti wa majaribio unaoweza kutoa matokeo chanya. Kwa kweli, maji hayana nishati inayoweza kutumika. : yenyewe ni bidhaa au upotevu wa mmenyuko uliozalisha nishati kupitia uunganishaji wa hidrojeni na oksijeni &lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|language=FR-fr|title=Automobile / Histoire des inventions. Moteur à eau : réalité ou mystification ?|url=https://www.lejsl.com/magazine-automobile/2021/08/17/moteur-a-eau-realite-ou-mystification|accessdate=2024-01-07}}.&lt;/ref&gt; . Miitikio hii inajumuisha, hasa, mwako, ambao hutoa joto, na uunganishaji katika seli ya mafuta ya hidrojeni, ambayo hutoa mkondo wa umeme. Kwa kufuata kanuni ya [[Hifadhi ya nishati|uhifadhi wa nishati]], kutenganisha (&quot; kuvunja &quot;Molekuli ya maji inahitaji nishati ili ipatikane kwake&quot; Hata hivyo, nishati inayohitajika baadaye ili kuzalisha tena molekuli hii ni kidogo kuliko nishati inayotumika, hasa kutokana na hasara zinazohusiana na mchakato huo. Injini zinazotumia maji zinazodai kuvunja molekuli ya maji ili kutoa nishati haziwezekani.

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Injini]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Urejelezaji wa maji</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241327</id>
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      <id>1576531</id>
      <parentid>1576374</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:31:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="2052" sha1="gpeh9tyznbxg2jyxxas72gpf4p1xyh4" xml:space="preserve">{{tafsiri kompyuta}}
[[Faili:Schéma_du_petit_cycle_de_l'eau.png|thumb|Mchoro wa hatua tofauti za mzunguko mdogo wa maji.]]
'''Urejelezaji wa maji''' ni mchakato wa kusafisha maji machafu ili yaweze kutumika tena kwa shughuli mbalimbali kama vile kilimo, usafishaji, au hata matumizi ya viwandani. Hii husaidia kupunguza uhaba wa maji, kuokoa gharama, na kulinda mazingira dhidi ya uchafuzi.

Mzunguko mdogo wa maji unajumuisha hatua saba tofauti. &lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|author=[[Office français de la biodiversité]]|title=Le petit cycle de l'eau|url=https://www.ofb.gouv.fr/le-petit-cycle-de-leau|date=|accessdate=6 janvier 2023}}.&lt;/ref&gt; , &lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|author=Agence de l'eau Artois-Picardie|title=Le petit cycle de l'eau (cycle domestique)|url=https://www.eau-artois-picardie.fr/education-leau-dossiers-thematiques/le-petit-cycle-de-leau|date=24 juillet 2015|accessdate=6 janvier 2023}}.&lt;/ref&gt; , &lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|author=Agence de l'eau Seine-Normandie|title=Le petit cycle de l'eau|url=https://www.eau-seine-normandie.fr/les-cycles-de-l-eau/le-petit-cycle-de-l-eau|date=|accessdate=6 janvier 2023}}.&lt;/ref&gt; , &lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|author=[[Eau de Paris]]|title=Le petit cycle de l'eau|url=https://www.eaudeparis.fr/sites/default/files/2022-05/Poster_PetitCycle.pdf|date=2020|accessdate=6 janvier 2023}}.&lt;/ref&gt; :

# Kuvuta au kuchukua maji kutoka kwenye mazingira ya asili, kwa mfano kutoka kwenye mkondo wa maji au chemichemi ;
# Uzalishaji wa maji ya kunywa ili kuyafanya kuwa salama kwa matumizi ya binadamu ;
# Kuhifadhi maji ya kunywa katika mabwawa ili kuhakikisha upatikanaji wa maji ;
# Ugawaji wa maji safi ya kunywa kwa watumiaji (maeneo ya makazi, kilimo na viwanda) ;
# Ukusanyaji na usafirishaji wa maji machafu yanayotumika na sasa ;
# Matibabu ya maji machafu (iwe ya pamoja au ya mtu binafsi ) ili kupunguza uchafuzi wa mazingira asilia ;
# Kurudisha au kumwaga maji kwenye mazingira ya asili. Maji yanaweza kusukumwa tena, hivyo kukamilisha mzunguko.

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Maji]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Operesheni Dudula</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241385</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576487</id>
      <parentid>1576042</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:18:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="2577" sha1="pt46msqsuj6tfhdgtajcukomh1760ny" xml:space="preserve">'''Operesheni Dudula''' ni [[harakati]] iliyoanzishwa nchini [[South Africa]] ambayo baadaye ilijigeuzwa kuwa chama cha siasa. Kundi hilo limekuwa likijulikana kwa kampeni zake zinazolenga kupinga uhamiaji na kuwafukuza wahamiaji wanaoishi nchini humo.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times/opinion-and-analysis/opinion/2025-08-03-operation-dudula-has-brought-fascism-to-south-africa/ Operation Dudula has brought fascism to South Africa], Imraan Buccus, ''Sunday Times'', 3 August 2025&lt;/ref&gt;

Jina &quot;Dudula&quot; ni neno la [[Kizulu]] lenye maana ya &quot;kuwafukuza&quot; au &quot;kuwaondoa&quot;, likionyesha lengo kuu la harakati hiyo la kuondoa wahamiaji wanaodaiwa kuishi au kufanya kazi nchini Afrika Kusini kinyume cha sheria.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC Sep 23&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Charlie|first1=Ayanda|last2=Ford|author1-link=Ayanda Charlie|first2=Tamasin|title=Inside South Africa's Operation Dudula: 'Why we hate foreigners'|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-66808346|work=BBC News|date=17 September 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Operation Dudula ilianzishwa katika mji wa [[Soweto]], karibu na mji mkuu wa Afrik Kusini, [[Johannesburg]], na baadaye ikaenea katika maeneo mengine ya nchi. Kundi hilo linadai kuwa changamoto nyingi za kijamii na kiuchumi nchini Afrika Kusini zinachangiwa na uhamiaji haramu, usimamizi dhaifu wa mipaka, na sera za uhamiaji zisizo kali.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|last=Myeni|first=Thabi|title=What is Operation Dudula, South Africa's anti-migration vigilante?|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2022/4/8/what-is-operation-dudula-s-africas-anti-immigration-vigilante|access-date=2022-04-10|website=www.aljazeera.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|last=Ho|first=Ufrieda|date=2022-04-16|title=XENOPHOBIA: Nhlanhla Lux exposed – The disturbing picture behind the masks of the man heading Operation Dudula|url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2022-04-16-nhlanhla-lux-exposed-the-disturbing-picture-behind-the-masks-of-the-man-heading-operation-dudula/|access-date=2022-05-04|website=Daily Maverick|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hata hivyo, harakati hiyo imekumbwa na ukosoaji mkubwa kutoka kwa wanaharakati wa [[haki za binadamu]], mashirika ya kiraia na baadhi ya viongozi wa kisiasa, ambao wameituhumu kwa kuchochea chuki dhidi ya wageni (''xenophobia'') na kuhusishwa na vitisho au mashambulizi dhidi ya wahamiaji. Kwa upande wake, Operation Dudula imekuwa ikikanusha kuwa harakati zake zinachochewa na chuki dhidi ya wageni.

Kiongozi wa sasa wa kundi hilo ni Zandile Dabula.

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}
{{mbegu-siasa}}
[[Jamii:Siasa ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Maporomoko ya Bawa</title>
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      <text bytes="997" sha1="6833nn64va616m6iomupum4l91dyrko" xml:space="preserve">{{vyanzo}}
'''Maporomoko ya Bawa''' ni [[maporomoko ya maji]] ya aina ya ''horsetail'' yaliyopo katika eneo la Transkei, katika Mkoa wa Marashiriki ya Cape nchini Afrika Kusini.

Maporomoko haya yana anguko moja la moja kwa moja lenye urefu wa [[mita]] 103 na upana wa wastani wa mita 1.5.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bawa Falls, South Africa - World Waterfall Database|url=https://www.worldwaterfalldatabase.com/waterfall/Bawa-Falls-495|work=www.worldwaterfalldatabase.com|accessdate=2026-06-22|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yapo karibu na kijiji cha KwaNdotshanga, karibu na [[mji]] wa Butterworth, kwenye tawimto la magharibi la Mto Gcuwa. Mto Gcuwa nao ni tawimto la kaskazini la Mto Great Kei.

Kutokana na urefu wake mkubwa na [[mazingira]] ya asili yanayouzunguka, Maporomoko ya Bawa ni sehemu ya mandhari ya kuvutia katika eneo la Transkei la Afrika Kusini.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:Maporomoko ya Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Maporomoko ya Berlin</title>
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      <parentid>1576191</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:20:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576489</origin>
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      <text bytes="2501" sha1="hftmjlgof152xq7mtmd9ihsocc4i30f" xml:space="preserve">{{Mto|jina=Maporomoko ya Berlin|picha=Berlin Falls IMG 2556.JPG|nchi=Mpumalanga, Africa Kusini|urefu=Mita 80|mkondo=Mto Sabine}}
'''Maporomoko ya Berlin''' ni [[maporomoko ya maji]] yaliyopo katika Mkoa wa [[Mpumalanga]], [[Afrika Kusini]]. Yapo karibu na eneo la God's Window na pia karibu na [[Maporomoko ya Lisbon]], ambayo ndiyo marefu zaidi katika [[Mkoa]] wa Mpumalanga.

Maporomoko haya ni sehemu ya [[Korongo]] la Mto Blyde (Blyde River Canyon) kwenye njia maarufu ya Panorama Route. Katika eneo la Sabie pia kuna maporomoko mengine kadhaa, yakiwemo Maporomoko ya Horseshoe, Maporomoko ya Lone Creek, Maporomoko ya Bridal Veil,Maporomoko ya Mac-Mac na Maporomoko ya Lisbon.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=South African Tourism - Visit the Berlin Falls in Mpumalanga  - Full article|url=http://www.southafrica.net/sat/content/en/us/full-article?oid=10048&amp;sn=Detail&amp;pid=7014|work=www.southafrica.net|accessdate=2026-06-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Maporomoko ya Berlin huanguka kutoka katikati ya [[mwamba]] mrefu wenye urefu wa takribani mita 80. Muundo wake hufananishwa na mshumaa mkubwa, ambapo mkondo mwembamba wa maji juu ya maporomoko huonekana kama utambi wa mshumaa, na maji yanaposhuka husambaa na kuunda umbo linalofanana na mwili wa mshumaa kabla ya kutua kwenye bwawa lililo chini.

Jina la Berlin Falls lilitokana na wachimbaji madini kutoka [[Ulaya]] waliofika [[Afrika]] Kusini wakati wa msako wa dhahabu. Wengi wao waliwapa maporomoko ya eneo hilo majina ya miji yao ya asili au maeneo kutoka nchi walikotoka.

Watalii wanaotembelea Maporomoko ya Berlin wanaweza kutembea katika njia za asili, kufanya pikniki na kufurahia mandhari ya maporomoko hayo. Eneo hili pia ni makazi ya mmea wa Blyde River Protea, ambao hupatikana katika sehemu hii pekee ya mteremko wa Mpumalanga.

Maporomoko haya yapo kwenye Mto Sabie na huanguka kwa urefu wa mita 80 ndani ya [[bwawa]] la mviringo lililozungukwa na miamba yenye rangi nyekundu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=South African Tourism - Visit the Berlin Falls in Mpumalanga  - Full article|url=http://www.southafrica.net/sat/content/en/us/full-article?oid=10048&amp;sn=Detail&amp;pid=7014|work=www.southafrica.net|accessdate=2026-06-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Asili ya Jina ==
Maporomoko ya Berlin yalipewa jina kutokana na Kijito cha Berlyn na Shamba la Berlyn, ambavyo ndivyo maeneo ambayo maporomoko hayo yapo.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:Maporomoko ya Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]</text>
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    <title>Maporomoko ya Pazia la Harusi (Sabie)</title>
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        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="2312" sha1="917nre0qjojiy1cu7rj6yepqgok0i50" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:SA04103-Wodospad Bridal Veil.jpg|thumb|Maporomoko ya maji ya Pazia la Harusi, eneo la Sabie]]
'''Maporomoko ya Pazia la Harusi'''  yapo takribani [[kilomita]] sita nje ya mji wa Sabie, katika Mkoa wa [[Mpumalanga]] nchini [[Afrika Kusini]]. Maporomoko haya yana urefu wa mita 70.

Kwa kawaida, [[maji]] yake hutiririka polepole, jambo linalofanya yaonekane kama shela ya [[harusi]] (''bridal veil''), na ndiyo sababu ya jina lake. &lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bridal Veil Falls {{!}} SAFCOL|url=http://www.safcol.co.za/what-we-offer/ecotourism/bridal-veil-falls/|work=www.safcol.co.za|accessdate=2026-06-22|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513015407/http://www.safcol.co.za/what-we-offer/ecotourism/bridal-veil-falls/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ni mojawapo ya maporomoko mengi yaliyopo katika eneo hilo kwenye Mto Sabie na ni kivutio maarufu cha utalii.

[[Maporomoko]] haya yanafikika kwa gari, na eneo hilo lina maegesho pamoja na sehemu za kufanya pikniki katika ardhi ya SAFCOL. Kutoka eneo la maegesho, kuna njia ya miguu inayopita katika msitu wa asili kwa umbali wa takribani mita 750, ambayo huchukua karibu dakika 15 kufika kwenye maporomoko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sabie River Route|url=https://www.sabie.co.za/tour/sabie-route.html#bidal%20veil%20falls|work=www.sabie.co.za|accessdate=2026-06-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Utalii ==
Maporomoko ya Pazia la Harusi  yapo kwenye njia maarufu ya Panorama, katika eneo lenye idadi kubwa ya maporomoko ya maji kuliko sehemu nyingine yoyote Kusini mwa Afrika.

Watalii wengi hutembelea maporomoko haya kila siku na hulipa ada ndogo ili kuyaona. Pia ni sehemu ya matembezi ya Loerie , njia ya kutembea yenye urefu wa kilomita 10, ingawa kuna njia fupi ya takribani kilomita 6 inayozunguka eneo la maporomoko yenyewe.

Aidha, Maporomoko ya Pazia la Harusi  ni sehemu ya njia maarufu ya matembezi ya Fanie Botha, ambayo kwa ujumla ni [[safari]] ya siku tano, lakini pia ina chaguo za njia fupi kwa watembeaji wanaotaka safari fupi zaidi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Walks and Hikes - Sabie|url=https://sabie.co.za/about/hiking/#bridal|work=sabie.co.za|accessdate=2026-06-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]
[[Jamii:Maporomoko ya Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>917nre0qjojiy1cu7rj6yepqgok0i50</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano:Mohammed Gulam Dewji</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>241389</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576491</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:22:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>si mahali pake</comment>
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  <page>
    <title>Maporomoko ya Horseshoe (Afrika Kusini)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241390</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576492</id>
      <parentid>1576267</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:24:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <origin>1576492</origin>
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      <text bytes="1600" sha1="62w0e649iee7u7ctynzgxq63670p54s" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Horseshoe Falls - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Maporomoko ya maji asubuhi ya msimu wa baridi (msimu wa kiangazi)]]
'''Maporomoko ya Horseshoe''' ni [[maporomoko ya maji]] yaliyopo kilomita 4 kutoka Barabara ya Old Lydenburg kando ya Mto Sabie katika Mkoa wa [[Mpumalanga]], [[Afrika Kusini]].

Maporomoko haya ni ya kipekee kwa sababu yana umbo la kiatu cha farasi (''horseshoe''), ingawa si marefu sana. Kutokana na umuhimu wake wa kihistoria na kiasili, yametangazwa kuwa alama ya Taifa la Afrika Kusini.

Njia fupi ya kutembea kupitia [[mandhari]] nzuri ya asili huwafikisha wageni kwenye maporomoko haya ya aina ya mteremko (''cascade''). Wakiwa hapo, wageni wanaweza pia kuona aina mbalimbali za [[ndege]] na [[wanyamapori]] wa eneo hilo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Horse Shoe Falls in Sabie, Mpumalanga|url=https://www.sa-venues.com/attractionsmpl/horse-shoe-falls.php|work=www.sa-venues.com|accessdate=2026-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ingawa eneo hili linafikika kwa urahisi, wageni hulipa ada ndogo ili kuingia katika hifadhi ambako kivutio hiki kinapatikana. Maporomoko ya Horseshoe pia ni eneo maarufu kwa uvuvi wa samaki aina ya trout.

== Vivutio vingine ==
Nchini Afrika Kusini pia kuna eneo linalojulikana kama '''Amphitheatre''' katika Hifadhi ya uKhahlamba-Drakensberg. Eneo hili lina [[miamba]] mikubwa yenye umbo la [[kiatu]] cha [[farasi]], jambo ambalo wakati mwingine linaweza kuchanganywa na Maporomoko ya Horseshoe kutokana na kufanana kwa umbo lao.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]
[[Jamii:Maporomoko ya Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>62w0e649iee7u7ctynzgxq63670p54s</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Iman (mwanamitindo)</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="2188" sha1="jh0bfk96aezu7eeixe9iqp9sj2diagq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox_Person
| jina               = Iman Mohamed Abdulmajid
| jina_halisi        = Zara Mohamed Abdulmajid
| majina_mengine     = Iman
| picha              = Iman 1996.jpg
| ukubwawapicha      = 200px
| maelezo_ya_picha   = Iman Mohamed mwaka 1994
| tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1955|7|25|df=y}}
| mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Mogadiscio, Somaliland ya Kiitaliano
| kazi               = {{plainlist|
* Mwanamitindo
* Mwigizaji
}}
| kipindi            = 1975–sasa
| tuzo               = Tuzo ya Fashion Icon Lifetime Achievement (2011)
| mwenzi             = {{plainlist|
* Hassan (ndoa 1973–1975, talaka)
* Spencer Haywood (ndoa 1977–1987, talaka)
* David Bowie (ndoa 1992–2016, kifo)
}}
| watoto             = 2 (akiwemo Lexi Jones)
| rangi_ya_nywele    = Kahawia nyeusi&lt;ref name=&quot;Fmdiap&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/iman_abdulmajid/ |title= Iman Abdulmajid – Profile |publisher= Fashion Model Directory |access-date= 9 May 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| shirika_la_mitindo = Tess Management (London)
| tovuti             = 
}}

'''Iman Mohamed Abdulmajid''' (anajulikana kwa jina moja tu kama '''Iman''', alizaliwa kama '''Zara Mohamed Abdulmajid''', 25 Julai 1955) ni mwanamitindo na mwigizaji wa mchanganyiko wa asili ya [[Somalia]] na [[Marekani]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.biography.com/personality/iman |title=Iman Biography |website=Biography.com |access-date=2026-06-23 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Alikuwa kivutio cha ubunifu wa wabunifu wa mavazi kama [[Gianni Versace]], [[Thierry Mugler]], [[Calvin Klein]], [[Donna Karan]], na [[Yves Saint Laurent (designer)|Yves Saint Laurent]], na anajulikana pia kwa kazi zake za kutoa msaada wa kibinadamu. Tangu alipoanza mnamo mwaka 1975, alipanda hadi kilele cha tasnia ya mitindo ya kimataifa, akijiweka kama mmoja wa wanamitindo mashuhuri zaidi duniani. Aliolewa na mwanamichezo [[Spencer Haywood]] kuanzia mwaka 1977 hadi 1987, na mwanamuziki [[David Bowie]] kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi kifo chake mnamo mwaka 2016.

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}
[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1955]]
[[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]
[[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Wiki for Refugees 2026]]</text>
      <sha1>jh0bfk96aezu7eeixe9iqp9sj2diagq</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Alexei Sayle</title>
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        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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| jina               = Alexei Sayle
| jina_halisi        = Alexei David Sayle
| picha              = Alexei Sayle Cambridge 2016.jpg
| ukubwawapicha      = 200px
| maelezo_ya_picha   = Sayle katika tamasha la fasihi kwenye jengo la Cambridge Union mwaka 2016
| tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1952|8|7|df=y}}
| mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Anfield, Liverpool, England
| uraia              = Uingereza
| kazi               = Mchekeshaji, mwigizaji, mwandishi
| vyombo_vya_mawasiliano = Filamu, vichekesho vya jukwaani, maandiko, redio, televisheni
| kipindi            = 1979–sasa
| aina_ya_vichekesho = {{plainlist|
* Vichekesho mbadala (Alternative comedy)
* Vichekesho vyeusi (Black comedy)
* Vichekesho vya tabia (Character comedy)
* Vichekesho vya mwili (Physical comedy)
* Ucheshi wa ajabu (Surreal humour)
* Parody
}}
| mwenzi             = Linda Rawsthorn (ndoa 1974–sasa)&lt;ref name=&quot;alexeisayle.me&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.alexeisayle.me/about-me/ |title=Alexei Sayle – About Me |publisher=Alexeisayle.me |date=7 August 1952 |access-date=24 January 2013 |archive-date=11 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170511184407/http://www.alexeisayle.me/about-me/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| kazi_mahususi      = {{plainlist|
* ''Alexei Sayle's Stuff''
* ''The Comic Strip Presents...''
* ''The Young Ones''
* ''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade''
* ''Gorky Park''
}}
}}

'''Alexei David Sayle''' (alizaliwa Agosti 7, 1952) ni mwigizaji, mwandishi, mchekeshaji wa jukwaani (stand-up comedian), mtangazaji wa televisheni, na msanii wa zamani wa kurekodi muziki wa [[Uingereza]]. Alikuwa kiongozi mashuhuri katika vuguvugu la uchekeshaji mbadala (alternative comedy) nchini Uingereza mnamo miaka ya 1980. Alipigiwa kura na kuwa mchekeshaji wa jukwaani wa 18 kwa ukubwa wa muda wote kwenye kipindi cha [[Channel 4]] kiitwacho ''[[100 Greatest (TV series)|100 Greatest Stand-Ups]]'' mnamo mwaka 2007.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.comedy.co.uk/guide/tv/100_greatest_stand_ups/episodes/1/1/ |title=The 100 Greatest Stand-Ups – Episode 1.1. The 100 Greatest Stand-Ups 2007 – British Comedy Guide |publisher=Comedy.co.uk |date=18 March 2007 |access-date=21 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Katika kura mpya zilizopigwa mnamo mwaka 2010, alishika nafasi ya 72.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.channel4.com/programmes/the-100-greatest-stand-ups/articles/greatest-stand-ups-of-all-time |title=The 100 Greatest Stand-Ups – Announcements – Greatest Stand-Ups of All Time! |publisher=Channel 4 |date=11 April 2010 |access-date=21 July 2012 |archive-date=23 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623214118/http://www.channel4.com/programmes/the-100-greatest-stand-ups/articles/greatest-stand-ups-of-all-time |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sehemu kubwa ya uchekeshaji wa Sayle hufuata mapokeo ya [[Spike Milligan]] na [[Monty Python]], huku mtindo wake ukiegemea misingi ya mambo yasiyo ya kawaida na ya kidhahania .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/comedy/alexeisaylesstuff/ |title=Comedy – Alexei Sayle's Stuff |publisher=BBC |access-date=21 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kazi zake zinajulikana kwa mtazamo wa kubeza (cynicism) na uelewa wa kisiasa pamoja na uchekeshaji wa kutumia viungo vya mwili.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=Matt Trueman |url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2011/nov/17/alexei-sayle-returns-standup-comedy |title=Alexei Sayle returns to standup after 16-year break |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=17 November 2011 |access-date=21 July 2012 |location=London}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}
[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]]
[[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uingereza]]
[[Jamii:Wachekeshaji wa Uingereza]]
[[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]
[[Jamii:Wiki for Refugees 2026]]</text>
      <sha1>46yy21wflg4dgqonm205fk9z3halsak</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jamii:Wachekeshaji wa Uingereza</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>241398</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576499</id>
      <parentid>1576220</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:48:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <origin>1576499</origin>
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      <text bytes="50" sha1="1q4w1xdzt5ao3m6w4vj86f3b8iyazd2" xml:space="preserve">[[Jamii:Wachekeshaji]]
[[Jamii:watu wa Uingereza]]</text>
      <sha1>1q4w1xdzt5ao3m6w4vj86f3b8iyazd2</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bertolt Brecht</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:50:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="3603" sha1="b9mwrdfln0qzxxvh4nz5rb5id5qn0bs" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox_Person
| jina               = Bertolt Brecht
| jina_halisi        = Eugen Berthold Friedrich Brecht
| picha              = Bertolt-Brecht.jpg
| ukubwawapicha      = 200px
| maelezo_ya_picha   = Brecht mwaka 1954
| tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date|1898|2|10|df=y}}
| mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Augsburg, Ujerumani
| tarehe_ya_kifo     = {{Death date and age|1956|8|14|1898|2|10|df=y}}
| mahala_pa_kifo     = Berlin Mashariki, Ujerumani Mashariki
| kazi               = {{plainlist|
* Mwandishi wa tamthilia
* Mkurugenzi wa jukwaa
* Mshairi
* Mtunzi wa filamu
}}
| aina               = Tamthilia ya kifasihi (Epic theatre)
| mwenzi             = {{plainlist|
* Marianne Zoff (ndoa 1922–1927, talaka)
* Helene Weigel (ndoa 1930–1956)
}}
| harakati           = Tamthilia isiyo ya Aristotelian
| kazi_mahususi      = {{plainlist|
* ''The Threepenny Opera''
* ''Life of Galileo''
* ''Mother Courage and Her Children''
* ''The Good Person of Szechwan''
* ''The Caucasian Chalk Circle''
* ''Mr Puntila and His Man Matti''
* ''The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui''
}}
| watoto             = 4 (akiwemo Hanne Hiob, Stefan Brecht, Barbara Brecht-Schall)
| ndugu              = Walter Brecht (kaka)
| sahihi             = Unterschrift Bertolt Brecht (1898–1956).png
}}

'''Eugen Berthold Friedrich Brecht''' (anajulikana kama '''Bertolt Brecht''' na '''Bert Brecht'''; 10 Februari 1898 – 14 Agosti 1956) alikuwa mtaalamu wa ukumbi wa michezo, mwandishi wa michezo ya kuigiza, na mshairi wa [[Ujerumani]]. Akikua katika kipindi cha [[Jamhuri ya Weimar]], alipata mafanikio yake ya kwanza kama mwandishi wa michezo jijini [[Munich]] na kuhamia katika mji wa [[Berlin]] mnamo mwaka 1924, ambapo aliandika mchezo wa jukwaani, ''[[The Threepenny Opera]]'' kwa ushirikiano na [[Elisabeth Hauptmann]] na [[Kurt Weill]], na kuanza ushirikiano wa maisha yake yote na mtunzi wa muziki [[Hanns Eisler]]. Akiwa amezama katika mawazo ya [[Umaksi]] katika kipindi hiki, Brecht aliandika michezo ya mafundisho ya ''[[Lehrstücke]]'' na akawa mwanadharia mashuhuri wa jukwaa la kishujaa ([[epic theatre]], ambalo baadaye alipendelea kuliita &quot;jukwaa la kijadili&quot;) na mtindo wa kutenganisha ({{lang|de|[[Verfremdungseffekt]]}}).

Wakati Chama cha [[Nazi Party|Kinazi]] kilipoingia madarakani nchini Ujerumani mnamo mwaka 1933, Brecht alikimbia nchi yake ya asili, hapo awali akielekea [[Skandinavia]]. Wakati wa [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia]], alihamia Kusini mwa jimbo [[California]] nchini [[Marekani]], ambapo alijithibitisha kama mwandishi wa muswada wa filamu huku akichunguzwa kwa siri na [[FBI]].{{sfn|Willett|1990|pp=312–313}} Mnamo mwaka 1947, alikuwa miongoni mwa kundi la kwanza la wasanii wa filamu wa [[Hollywood, California|Hollywood]] walioitwa mbele ya Kamati ya Bunge ya Shughuli Zisizo za Kimarekani  kwa madai ya kujihusisha na Chama cha Kikomunisti.&lt;ref name=Today_in_history&gt;{{cite web |title=October 30, 1947 - Famed Playwright Brecht Testifies Before HUAC – Immediately Leaves the U.S. |date=29 August 2013 |publisher=Today in Civil Liberties History |access-date=13 October 2024 |url=https://todayinclh.com/?event=famed-playwright-brecht-testifies-before-huac}}&lt;/ref&gt; Siku moja baada ya kutoa ushahidi wake, alirejea Ulaya, na hatimaye kuishi mashariki mwa Berlin, ambapo alianzisha kwa ushirikiano kampuni ya ukumbi wa michezo ya [[Berliner Ensemble]] pamoja na mke wake ambaye pia alikuwa mshirika wake wa muda mrefu, mwigizaji [[Helene Weigel]].

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1898]]
[[Jamii:Waliofariki 1956]]
[[Jamii:Waandishi wa Ujerumani]]
[[Jamii:Wiki for Refugees 2026]]</text>
      <sha1>b9mwrdfln0qzxxvh4nz5rb5id5qn0bs</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Uhaba wa chakula</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241415</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576501</id>
      <parentid>1576245</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:52:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576501</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2062" sha1="92bhfhwiyxwkiky72xghej1msuglpm8" xml:space="preserve">'''Uhaba wa chakula''' ni hali inayotokea wakati jamii, eneo au nchi inapokosa kiasi cha kutosha cha [[chakula]] chenye lishe bora ili kukidhi mahitaji ya kila siku ya watu wake. Hali hii inaweza kuwa ya muda mfupi (kwa mfano baada ya [[maafa]] ya asili) au ya muda mrefu ([[sugu]]).

== Sababu za Uhaba wa Chakula ==
Kuna mambo mengi yanayosababisha uhaba wa chakula duniani, hasa katika nchi zinazoendelea:
* '''Mabadiliko ya tabianchi:''' [[Ukataji miti]], [[ukame]] wa muda mrefu, na [[mafuriko]] huharibu [[kilimo]] na kupunguza uzalishaji wa mazao.
* '''Vita na migogoro:''' [[Vita]] husababisha watu kukimbia makazi yao na kuacha mashamba, jambo linalofanya uzalishaji wa chakula kusimama.
* '''Umaskini:''' Hata kama chakula kipo sokoni, [[umaskini]] huzuia familia nyingi kuwa na uwezo wa kifedha wa kukinunua.
* '''Ongezeko la watu:''' Ukuaji wa haraka wa [[idadi ya watu]] duniani unazidi kasi ya uzalishaji na usambazaji wa chakula.
* '''Magonjwa ya mimea na mifugo:''' [[Wadudu]] waharibifu (kama vile [[nzige]]) na magonjwa ya milipuko huangamiza [[mazao]] na [[mifugo]].

== Athari za Uhaba wa Chakula ==
Uhaba wa chakula una madhara makubwa kwa jamii:
# '''Utapiamlo na Magonjwa:''' Ukosefu wa lishe bora husababisha [[utapiamlo]], hasa kwa [[watoto]], na kudhoofisha kinga ya mwili dhidi ya [[magonjwa]].
# '''Kushuka kwa Uchumi:''' Watu wenye njaa hawawezi kufanya kazi kwa ufanisi, jambo linalorudisha nyuma [[uchumi]] wa taifa.
# '''Migogoro ya Kijamii:''' Njaa inaweza kusababisha vurugu, wizi, na hata [[maandamano]] dhidi ya serikali.

== Suluhisho la Uhaba wa Chakula ==
Ili kukabiliana na changamoto hii, hatua zifuatazo ni muhimu:
* Kuboresha [[teknolojia]] ya kilimo (kama vile kutumia [[umwagiliaji]] badala ya kutegemea [[mvua]]).
* Kuanzisha maghala ya taifa ya kuhifadhi chakula cha akiba kwa ajili ya dharura.
* Kusaidia [[wakulima wadogo]] kwa kuwapatia [[mbegu]] bora na [[mbolea]] kwa bei nafuu.
* Kupunguza uharibifu wa mazingira ili kukabiliana na [[mabadiliko ya tabianchi]].
{{mbegu-uchumi}}
[[Jamii:uchumi]]
[[Jamii:afya]]</text>
      <sha1>92bhfhwiyxwkiky72xghej1msuglpm8</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Samia</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[Samia (Mwanamuziki)]] to [[Samia (mwanamuziki)]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="33" sha1="b92ti5udy0aki2cppdt7jvwrnieqgzn" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Samia (mwanamuziki)]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Watari</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241420</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576508</id>
      <parentid>1576277</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:00:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="1697" sha1="4p59jtkfya0sbwicoe89f24qesdcqc2" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Panorama of Watari Dam.jpg|thumb|777x777px|Mandhari ya Bwawa la Watari.]]
'''Bwawa la Watari''' ni bwawa lililopo katika eneo la [[serikali]] ya mitaa la Bagwai, kaskazini-magharibi mwa [[Kano (jimbo)|Jimbo la Kano]] nchini [[Nigeria]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Countries and Territories|url=http://www.industryabout.com/country-territories-3/1347-nigeria/hydro-energy|work=www.industryabout.com|accessdate=2026-06-23|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bwawa hilo lilijengwa kati ya mwaka 1977 na 1980 kwa gharama ya naira za Nigeria milioni 7.108.

Jamii zinazozunguka eneo hilo hutumia maji ya bwawa kwa shughuli za kilimo. Pia kuna kituo cha kusukuma maji kinachosambaza maji kutoka bwawani kwenda sehemu mbalimbali za [[Jiji]] la Kano na miji mingine katika jimbo hilo, ikiwemo Bichi na Bagwai.

Bwawa la Watari ni bwawa la tatu kwa ukubwa katika Jimbo la Kano, likiwa na uwezo wa kuhifadhi maji wa takribani mita za ujazo milioni 104.55. Malengo makuu ya ujenzi wake ni kudhibiti mafuriko, kusaidia umwagiliaji na kuendeleza uvuvi.

Mbali na matumizi hayo, bwawa hilo pia hutoa manufaa mengine kama vile usambazaji wa [[maji]], shughuli za burudani na uhifadhi wa wanyamapori.

Moja ya matukio ya kusikitisha yaliyohusishwa na Bwawa la Watari ni ajali ya mashua ya Bagwai iliyotokea tarehe 30 Novemba 2021, ambapo watu kadhaa walipoteza maisha baada ya mashua kuzama katika eneo la bwawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Nigeria boat capsize: At least 29 die in Kano state|date=2021-12-01|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-59490699|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Nigeria}}
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Nigeria]]
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Jimbo la Kano]]</text>
      <sha1>4p59jtkfya0sbwicoe89f24qesdcqc2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576509</id>
      <parentid>1576508</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:01:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <origin>1576509</origin>
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      <text bytes="1694" sha1="eyj5tskvgw2a2qu8qmtxp0f9c4t2mt7" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Panorama of Watari Dam.jpg|thumb|777x777px|Mandhari ya Bwawa la Watari.]]
'''Bwawa la Watari''' ni bwawa lililopo katika eneo la [[serikali]] ya mitaa la Bagwai, kaskazini-magharibi mwa [[Kano (jimbo)|Jimbo la Kano]] nchini [[Nigeria]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Countries and Territories|url=http://www.industryabout.com/country-territories-3/1347-nigeria/hydro-energy|work=www.industryabout.com|accessdate=2026-06-23|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bwawa hilo lilijengwa kati ya mwaka 1977 na 1980 kwa gharama ya naira za Nigeria milioni 7.108.

Jamii zinazozunguka eneo hilo hutumia maji ya bwawa kwa shughuli za kilimo. Pia kuna kituo cha kusukuma maji kinachosambaza maji kutoka bwawani kwenda sehemu mbalimbali za [[Jiji]] la Kano na miji mingine katika jimbo hilo, ikiwemo Bichi na Bagwai.

Bwawa la Watari ni bwawa la tatu kwa ukubwa katika Jimbo la Kano, likiwa na uwezo wa kuhifadhi maji wa takribani mita za ujazo milioni 104.55. Malengo makuu ya ujenzi wake ni kudhibiti mafuriko, kusaidia umwagiliaji na kuendeleza uvuvi.

Mbali na matumizi hayo, bwawa hilo pia hutoa manufaa mengine kama vile usambazaji wa [[maji]], shughuli za burudani na uhifadhi wa wanyamapori.

Moja ya matukio ya kusikitisha yaliyohusishwa na Bwawa la Watari ni ajali ya mashua ya Bagwai iliyotokea tarehe 30 Novemba 2021, ambapo watu kadhaa walipoteza maisha baada ya mashua kuzama katika eneo la bwawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Nigeria boat capsize: At least 29 die in Kano state|date=2021-12-01|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-59490699|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Nigeria}}
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Nigeria]]
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Jimbo la Kano]]</text>
      <sha1>eyj5tskvgw2a2qu8qmtxp0f9c4t2mt7</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Wadi Wishka</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241421</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576510</id>
      <parentid>1576278</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:02:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="1046" sha1="aiqx9uxicsib0tdmzv222xk9rhq8kl6" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Wadi Wishka''' ni bwawa la kujazwa kwa mawe lenye uso wa saruji lililojengwa kwenye Wadi Wishka, takribani [[kilomita]] 29 kusini-magharibi mwa mji wa Sokna katika eneo la Fezzan nchini [[Libya]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Projects {{!}} Jacobs|url=https://www.ane-ly.net/projects.html|work=www.ane-ly.net|accessdate=2026-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;Lengo kuu la ujenzi wa bwawa hili ni kudhibiti mafuriko na kuhifadhi maji kwa matumizi mbalimbali.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Home|url=https://www.zutari.com/|work=Zutari|accessdate=2026-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ujenzi wa Bwawa la Wadi Wishka ulianza mwaka [[2004]] na kukamilika mwaka 2006 kwa gharama ya takribani dola za [[Marekani]] milioni 5.

Bwawa hili ni sehemu ya miundombinu muhimu ya usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji katika eneo la Fezzan, ambalo linakabiliwa na hali ya [[ukame]] na hutegemea mifumo ya kuhifadhi maji na kudhibiti [[mafuriko]] ya ghafla yanayotokea katika mabonde ya mito ya msimu.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Libya]]
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]</text>
      <sha1>aiqx9uxicsib0tdmzv222xk9rhq8kl6</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Wadi Mejenin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241422</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576511</id>
      <parentid>1576279</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:04:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576511</origin>
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      <text bytes="966" sha1="1rfn8907u4qcz28juwee30lchm5fnd0" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Wadi Mejenin''' ni bwawa la udongo na mawe lililojengwa kwenye Wadi Mejenin, takribani [[kilomita]] 64 kusini mwa [[mji]] wa [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] katika Wilaya ya Jabal al Gharbi nchini [[Libya]].

Bwawa hili lilikamilishwa mwaka 1972, na lengo lake kuu ni kusambaza maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mazao pamoja na kudhibiti mafuriko.

Bwawa la Wadi Mejenin lina mchango muhimu katika maendeleo ya kilimo na usimamizi wa [[rasilimali]] za maji katika eneo hilo, hasa katika mazingira yenye ukame ambapo upatikanaji wa [[maji]] ni muhimu kwa shughuli za kiuchumi na maisha ya wananchi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Water profile of Libya|url=http://www.eoearth.org/article/Water_profile_of_Libya|work=www.eoearth.org|accessdate=2026-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fao.org/aquastat/en/databases/dams/|work=www.fao.org|accessdate=2026-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Libya]]</text>
      <sha1>1rfn8907u4qcz28juwee30lchm5fnd0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Wadi Lebda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241423</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576512</id>
      <parentid>1576280</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:05:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="913" sha1="cw2cs2m26jd1djwcmfokeniqhbol3ku" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Wadi Lebda''' ni bwawa la udongo na mawe lililojengwa kwenye Wadi Lebda, takribani [[kilomita]] 5 kusini mwa mji wa Khoms katika [[Wilaya ya Murqub]] nchini [[Libya]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Water profile of Libya|url=http://www.eoearth.org/article/Water_profile_of_Libya|work=www.eoearth.org|accessdate=2026-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lilikamilishwa mwaka 1982, na lengo lake kuu ni kusambaza maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mazao pamoja na kudhibiti mafuriko.

Bwawa la Wadi Lebda lina umuhimu mkubwa katika usimamizi wa [[rasilimali]] za maji katika eneo la Khoms, likisaidia kuhifadhi [[maji]] kwa matumizi ya kilimo na kupunguza athari za mafuriko yanayoweza kutokea wakati wa mvua kubwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fao.org/aquastat/en/databases/dams/|work=www.fao.org|accessdate=2026-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Libya]]</text>
      <sha1>cw2cs2m26jd1djwcmfokeniqhbol3ku</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Wadi Kaam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241424</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576513</id>
      <parentid>1576283</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:06:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <origin>1576513</origin>
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      <text bytes="1087" sha1="5r8y1j9iqxne6sigf8ng1ciw3dlo3jc" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Wadi Kaam''' ni bwawa la udongo na mawe lililojengwa kwenye Wadi Kaam, takribani [[kilomita]] 22 magharibi mwa mji wa Zliten katika Wilaya ya Misrata nchini [[Libya]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Water profile of Libya|url=http://www.eoearth.org/article/Water_profile_of_Libya|work=www.eoearth.org|accessdate=2026-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lilikamilishwa mwaka 1979, na lengo lake kuu ni kuhifadhi na kusambaza maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mazao.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fao.org/aquastat/en/databases/dams/|work=www.fao.org|accessdate=2026-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa la Wadi Kaam lilibuniwa na kujengwa na kampuni ya ''Energoprojekt Hidroinženjering''' ambayo ilikuwa tanzu ya kampuni ya [[uhandisi]] ya Yugoslavia ''Energoprojekt'', chini ya usimamizi wa [[mhandisi]] mkuu Stojan J. Čanović.

Bwawa hili lina mchango muhimu katika maendeleo ya kilimo katika eneo la Misrata kwa kusaidia upatikanaji wa [[maji]] ya umwagiliaji katika [[mazingira]] yenye kiwango kidogo cha mvua.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Libya]]</text>
      <sha1>5r8y1j9iqxne6sigf8ng1ciw3dlo3jc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Wadi Ghan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241425</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576514</id>
      <parentid>1576284</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:06:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576514</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="972" sha1="elyzgszg1adkrxfhcqsv1ah7cqs18u8" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Wadi Ghan''' ni bwawa la kujazwa kwa [[mawe]] lililojengwa kwenye Wadi Al-Hira, takribani [[kilomita]] 14 kaskazini-mashariki mwa [[mji]] wa Gharyan katika Wilaya ya Jabal al Gharbi nchini [[Libya]].

Bwawa hili lilikamilishwa mwaka 1982, na lengo lake kuu ni kuhifadhi na kusambaza maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mazao.

Bwawa la Wadi Ghan lina jukumu muhimu katika kusaidia shughuli za [[kilimo]] katika eneo hilo kwa kuhakikisha upatikanaji wa maji ya [[umwagiliaji]], hasa katika mazingira ya Libya ambayo yanakabiliwa na ukame na upungufu wa [[mvua]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Continental Construction Corp. Ltd. : Core business : Wadi Ghan Dam, Libya|url=http://www.cccorpn.com/wadi-ghan-dam.htm|work=www.cccorpn.com|accessdate=2026-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fao.org/aquastat/en/databases/dams/|work=www.fao.org|accessdate=2026-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Libya]]
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]</text>
      <sha1>elyzgszg1adkrxfhcqsv1ah7cqs18u8</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Von Bach</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241426</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576516</id>
      <parentid>1576305</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:10:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="1656" sha1="2mwe6h8ai4mdbhktfwpru4y9pi65ogs" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Von Bach''' (awali likijulikana kama '''Bwawa la Sartorius von Bach''') ni bwawa la kujazwa kwa mawe lililojengwa kwenye [[Mto]] Swakop karibu na mji wa Okahandja katika Mkoa wa Otjozondjupa nchini [[Namibia]].

Ujenzi wa bwawa hili ulikamilika mwaka 1968 na lilianza kutumika rasmi mwaka 1970. Bwawa la Von Bach ni mojawapo ya vyanzo vikuu vya maji kwa mji mkuu wa Namibia, &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=- The Namibian|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/51389/read/NamWater-opens-Hardap-Dam-sluices|work=The Namibian|language=en|access-date=2026-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;Windhoek, na pia husambaza maji kwa mji wa Okahandja.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sartorius von Bach Dam|url=http://www.namwater.com.na/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=70&amp;Itemid=68|work=www.namwater.com.na|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en-gb|author=Administrator}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi maji kiasi cha mita za ujazo [[milioni]] 48.56.

Maji kutoka kwenye hifadhi ya bwawa husafirishwa moja kwa moja hadi kwenye kituo cha kutibu maji kilichopo chini ya mkondo wa mto. Kituo hicho kilikamilishwa mwaka 1971 na baadaye kuboreshwa mwaka 1997 ili kuongeza ufanisi wa [[usambazaji]] wa maji.

Bwawa la Von Bach ni sehemu muhimu ya mfumo wa usambazaji wa maji nchini Namibia, likichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa upatikanaji wa maji safi kwa wakazi wa [[Windhoek]] na maeneo ya jirani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NamWater|url=http://www.namwater.com.na/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=104|work=www.namwater.com.na|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en-gb|author=Super User}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Namibia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Namibia]]</text>
      <sha1>2mwe6h8ai4mdbhktfwpru4y9pi65ogs</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576639</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-26T03:30:21Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="1908" sha1="mx0vj31tgq5g6pnbgekavn3shpx5v7t" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Von Bach''' (awali likijulikana kama '''Bwawa la Sartorius von Bach''') ni bwawa la kujazwa kwa mawe lililojengwa kwenye [[Mto]] Swakop karibu na mji wa Okahandja katika Mkoa wa Otjozondjupa nchini [[Namibia]].

Ujenzi wa bwawa hili ulikamilika mwaka 1968 na lilianza kutumika rasmi mwaka 1970. Bwawa la Von Bach ni mojawapo ya vyanzo vikuu vya maji kwa mji mkuu wa Namibia, &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=- The Namibian|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/51389/read/NamWater-opens-Hardap-Dam-sluices|work=The Namibian|language=en|access-date=2026-06-24}}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;Windhoek, na pia husambaza maji kwa mji wa Okahandja.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sartorius von Bach Dam|url=http://www.namwater.com.na/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=70&amp;Itemid=68|work=www.namwater.com.na|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en-gb|author=Administrator|archive-date=2014-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141203174317/http://www.namwater.com.na/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=70&amp;Itemid=68|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi maji kiasi cha mita za ujazo [[milioni]] 48.56.

Maji kutoka kwenye hifadhi ya bwawa husafirishwa moja kwa moja hadi kwenye kituo cha kutibu maji kilichopo chini ya mkondo wa mto. Kituo hicho kilikamilishwa mwaka 1971 na baadaye kuboreshwa mwaka 1997 ili kuongeza ufanisi wa [[usambazaji]] wa maji.

Bwawa la Von Bach ni sehemu muhimu ya mfumo wa usambazaji wa maji nchini Namibia, likichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa upatikanaji wa maji safi kwa wakazi wa [[Windhoek]] na maeneo ya jirani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NamWater|url=http://www.namwater.com.na/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=104|work=www.namwater.com.na|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en-gb|author=Super User}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Namibia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Namibia]]</text>
      <sha1>mx0vj31tgq5g6pnbgekavn3shpx5v7t</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Thuli–Manyange</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241427</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576517</id>
      <parentid>1576306</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:11:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576517</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="647" sha1="d9ecworeex92fue1pgzw34pk1j3xjwa" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Thuli–Manyange''' (Elliot) ni bwawa lililopendekezwa kujengwa kwenye [[Mto]] Thuli, kusini mwa [[Gwanda]] nchini [[Zimbabwe]], likiwa na uwezo wa kuhifadhi [[maji]] kiasi cha [[Mita ya ujazo|mita za ujazo]] [[milioni]] 33. Limeundwa kufanya [[kazi]] kwa ushirikiano na Bwawa la Thuli–Moswa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Thuli-Manyange Dam completion to miss target|url=https://www.newsday.co.zw/local-news/article/16021/thuli-manyange-dam-completion-to-miss-target|work=NewsDay|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en|author=The NewsDay}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Zimbabwe]]</text>
      <sha1>d9ecworeex92fue1pgzw34pk1j3xjwa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Thuli–Moswa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241428</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576518</id>
      <parentid>1576307</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:11:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576518</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="538" sha1="5coa35tfygttl2nmf3rs0bsjgi5uk9e" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Thuli–Moswa''' ni jina la bwawa la hifadhi ya [[maji]] lililopendekezwa kujengwa kwenye [[Mto]] Thuli, kusini mwa mji wa Gwanda nchini [[Zimbabwe]].

Bwawa hili linatarajiwa kuwa na uwezo wa kuhifadhi maji kiasi cha [[M|mita]] za ujazo [[milioni]] 419.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Thuli Moswa Dam - definition - Encyclo|url=https://www.encyclo.co.uk/meaning-of-Thuli__Moswa_Dam|work=www.encyclo.co.uk|accessdate=2026-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Zimbabwe]]</text>
      <sha1>5coa35tfygttl2nmf3rs0bsjgi5uk9e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Thuli–Makwe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241429</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576519</id>
      <parentid>1576308</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:13:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576519</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="911" sha1="nqfa9qvmyummxk4z3tds4rv5vjxomh1" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Thuli-Makwe Dam.jpg|thumb|Bwawa la Thuli-Makwe]]
'''Bwawa la Thuli–Makwe''' ni bwawa la hifadhi ya [[maji]] lililopo kwenye Mto Thuli, magharibi mwa mji wa [[Gwanda]], kusini-magharibi mwa [[Zimbabwe]]. [[Bwawa]] hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi maji kiasi cha [[Mita ya ujazo|mita za ujazo]] [[milioni]] 8.3.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mupfiga |first=Elvis Tawanda |last2=Munkwakwata |first2=Richard |last3=Mudereri |first3=Bester |last4=Nyatondo |first4=Upenyu Naume |date=2016-12-31 |title=Assessment of sedimentation in Tuli Makwe Dam using remotely sensed data |url=http://academicjournals.org/journal/JSSEM/article-abstract/3C97CCC61822 |journal=Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management |language=en |volume=7 |issue=12 |pages=230–238 |doi=10.5897/JSSEM2016.0563 |issn=2141-2391}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Zimbabwe]]</text>
      <sha1>nqfa9qvmyummxk4z3tds4rv5vjxomh1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Thika</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241430</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576520</id>
      <parentid>1576310</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:14:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576520</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2034" sha1="1ffgatwkqlv6pv44l0ky4f8il5f511n" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Ndakaini''' ni bwawa la udongo lenye urefu wa [[mita]] 63 na urefu wa taji (crest) wa mita 458, lililojengwa kwenye Mto Thika karibu na mji mdogo wa Ndakaini, takribani kilomita 50 kaskazini mwa Nairobi, [[Kenya]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Thika Dam|url=http://www.howardhumphreys.com/project_pages/we_3.htm|work=www.howardhumphreys.com|accessdate=2026-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nairobi City Water and Sewerage Company Limited - Improving Reliability|url=http://www.nairobiwater.co.ke:80/water_quality/?ContentID=8|work=www.nairobiwater.co.ke|accessdate=2026-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hifadhi ya maji ya bwawa hili ina uwezo wa kuhifadhi mita za ujazo milioni 70 za maji na hutumika kwa [[usambazaji]] wa maji ya kunywa. Maji kutoka bwawani hutibiwa katika Kituo cha Kusafisha Maji cha Ngethu kabla ya kusambazwa kwa watumiaji.

Bwawa la Ndakaini limeongeza kwa kiasi kikubwa uhakika wa upatikanaji wa maji katika jiji la [[Nairobi]], ambalo lilikuwa likikabiliwa na upungufu wa maji wakati wa misimu ya ukame kabla ya kukamilika kwa ujenzi wa bwawa mwaka 1994.

Mradi wa ujenzi wa bwawa hili ulifadhiliwa na Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika, [[Benki ya Dunia]], Benki ya Uwekezaji ya Ulaya pamoja na Serikali ya Kenya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=1999-12-01 |title=The problems of project implementation:: a post-mortem study of Thika Dam project, Kenya |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0197397599000211 |journal=Habitat International |language=en-US |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=467–479 |doi=10.1016/S0197-3975(99)00021-1 |issn=0197-3975}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ujenzi wa bwawa ulicheleweshwa kutokana na changamoto za upatikanaji wa ardhi, jambo lililosababisha ongezeko la gharama za mradi. Wakati wa [[ujenzi]], muundo wa bwawa ulifanyiwa marekebisho ili uweze kuhimili mafuriko makubwa yanayoweza kutokea mara moja katika kipindi cha miaka 10,000 na kuimarisha usalama wake.

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Kenya}}
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya]]
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]</text>
      <sha1>1ffgatwkqlv6pv44l0ky4f8il5f511n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Isabel Allende</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241447</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576523</id>
      <parentid>1576387</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:25:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576523</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7664" sha1="1du975jsmi6wbei9zwzjsppgvbc6wl6" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox_Person
| jina               = Isabel Allende
| jina_halisi        = Isabel Angélica Allende Llona
| picha              = Isabel Allende Frankfurter Buchmesse 2015 (cropped).JPG
| ukubwawapicha      = 200px
| maelezo_ya_picha   = Allende nchini Ujerumani, 2015
| tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1942|8|2|df=y}}
| mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Lima, Peru&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.isabelallende.com/en/timeline#1942|title=Isabel Allende – Timeline|date=2019|publisher=Isabel Allende|access-date=25 March 2020|quote=1942: Isabel Allende born August 2 in Lima, where her father, Tomás Allende, a Chilean diplomat and first cousin of Salvador Allende, is stationed. Her mother, Francisca Llona (known as Doña Panchita) is the daughter of Isabel Barros Moreira and Agustín Llona Cuevas.|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325022040/http://www.isabelallende.com/en/timeline#2019|archive-date=25 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| uraia              = {{plainlist|
* Chile
* Marekani
}}
| lugha              = Kihispania
| kazi               = {{plainlist|
* Mwandishi
* Mwandishi wa habari
}}
| mwenzi             = {{plainlist|
* Miguel Frías (ndoa 1962–1987, talaka)
* William C. Gordon (ndoa 1988–2015, talaka)
* Roger Cukras (ndoa 2019–sasa)
}}
| watoto             = {{plainlist|
* Paula Frías Allende
* Nicolás Frías Allende
}}
| ndugu              = Familia ya Allende
| aina               = Fasihi ya Kihispania
| kazi_mahususi      = {{plainlist|
* ''The House of the Spirits''
* ''Of Love and Shadows''
* ''Eva Luna''
* ''Paula''
* ''City of the Beasts''
}}
| tuzo               = 


| tovuti             = {{URL|http://www.isabelallende.com}}
| sahihi             = Isabel Allende signature firma.svg
}}
'''Isabel Angélica Allende Llona''' (alizaliwa Agosti 2, 1942) ni mwandishi wa vitabu vya mchanganyiko mwenye asili ya [[Chile]] na [[Marekani]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://bigthink.com/ideas/20489|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221101308/http://bigthink.com/videos/big-think-interview-with-isabel-allende|archive-date=21 December 2013|title=Isabel Allende: &quot;Big Think Interview with Isabel Allende&quot; June 16, 2010&quot;|work=[[Big Think]]|access-date=24 November 2014|quote=''Question:'' Why did you choose to move to the U.S. and become a citizen?&lt;br/ &gt;''Isabel Allende:'' Yes, I came to the United States because I fell in love and I forced my guy—I forced him into marriage. And so I became a resident.  And then I realized that I couldn't bring my children. I couldn't sponsor my children if I wasn't a citizen.  So I became a citizen. But by then, I had learned to love this country; I have received a lot from this country. I'm very critical, but at the same time I'm very grateful. And I want to give back. I belong here.|date=3 May 2010|first=Priya|last=George}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.emol.com/noticias/magazine/detalle/detallenoticias.asp?idnoticia=389856 Isabel Allende: &quot;¡Escribo bien! Por lo menos admítanme eso&quot;], ''[[Emol]]'', 17 December 2009&lt;br /&gt; {{Verse translation|lang=es-cl|''Vengo a Chile por lo menos tres veces al año, me comunico con Chile todos los días a través de Skype con mi mamá, estoy enterada de lo que pasa y cuando me preguntan 'qué eres' digo automáticamente 'chilena'. Vivo en América, pero me siento profundamente chilena en la manera de vivir, de ser: soy mandona, metete, dominante, intrusa, hospitalaria, tribal.''|''I come to Chile at least three times a year, I communicate with Chile every day through Skype with my mother, I know what is happening and when they ask me 'what are you' I automatically say 'Chilean'. I live in America, but I feel deeply Chilean in the way of living, of being: I am bossy, messy, dominant, intrusive, hospitable, tribal.''}} (Isabel Allende)&lt;/ref&gt; 

Vitabu vya Allende, ambavyo nyakati fulani huwa na misingi ya mtindo wa uhalisia wa kidhahania, vinajulikana kwa riwaya kama vile ''[[The House of the Spirits]]'' (1982) na ''[[City of the Beasts]]'' (2002), ambazo zimepata mafanikio makubwa kibiashara. Allende amewahi kuitwa &quot;mwandishi wa lugha ya Kihispania anayesomwa zaidi duniani.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Cer1&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=346023&amp;CategoryId=13003|title=Latin American Herald Tribune - Isabel Allende Named to Council of Cervantes Institute|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430032920/http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=346023&amp;CategoryId=13003|archive-date=30 April 2011|work=[[Latin American Herald Tribune]]|access-date=11 November 2017|quote=[[Madrid|MADRID]] – [[Council of Ministers (Spain)|Spain’s Cabinet]] announced Friday the appointment of Isabel Allende, the world’s most widely read Spanish-language author, to the Council of the [[Instituto Cervantes|Cervantes Institute]], whose mission is promoting the language, literature and culture of the Iberian nation.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mnamo mwaka 2004, Allende alipewa uanachama wa Chuo cha Sanaa na Barua cha Marekani ([[American Academy of Arts and Letters]]),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.artsandletters.org/academicians2_current.php |title=American Academy of Arts and Letters – Current Members |publisher=Artsandletters.org |access-date=21 December 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624004136/http://www.artsandletters.org/academicians2_current.php |archive-date=24 June 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt; na mnamo mwaka 2010, alitunukiwa Tuzo ya Kitaifa ya Fasihi nchini Chile.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.latercera.com/noticia/cultura/2010/09/1453-288788-9-isabel-allende-gana-el-premio-nacional-de-literatura-tras-fuerte-campana-de.shtml |title=Isabel Allende gana el Premio Nacional de Literatura tras intenso lobby &amp;#124; Cultura |website=La Tercera |date=1 January 1990 |access-date=21 December 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728154319/http://www.latercera.com/noticia/cultura/2010/09/1453-288788-9-isabel-allende-gana-el-premio-nacional-de-literatura-tras-fuerte-campana-de.shtml |archive-date=28 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rais [[Barack Obama]] alimtunukia Nishani ya Urais ya Uhuru ([[Presidential Medal of Freedom]]) mnamo mwaka 2014.&lt;ref name=&quot;schulman2014&quot;&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|first=Kori|last=Schulman|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/11/10/president-obama-announces-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients|title=President Obama Announces the Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|date=10 November 2014|website=whitehouse.gov|language=en|access-date=25 March 2020|quote=The following individuals will be awarded the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] in a ceremony at the White House on 24 November 2014: ... Isabel Allende is a highly acclaimed author of 21 books that have sold 65 million copies in 35 languages. She has been recognized with numerous awards internationally. She received the prestigious [[National Prize for Literature (Chile)|National Literary Award in Chile]], her country of origin, and is a member of the [[American Academy of Arts and Letters]].}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Riwaya za Allende mara nyingi huelimishwa kutokana na uzoefu wake binafsi na matukio ya kihistoria, na zinatoa heshima kwa maisha ya wanawake, huku zikisuka pamoja mambo ya visasili na uhalisia. Amekuwa akitoa mihadhara na kufanya ziara katika vyuo vikuu vya Marekani kufundisha fasihi. Akiongea Kiingereza kwa ufasaha, Allende alipewa uraia wa Marekani mnamo mwaka 1993, baada ya kuishi jimbo la [[California]] tangu mwaka 1989.

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}
{{mbegu-mwandishi}}
[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]]
[[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Waandishi wa Chile]]
[[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]
[[Jamii:Wiki for Refugees 2026]]</text>
      <sha1>1du975jsmi6wbei9zwzjsppgvbc6wl6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Loung Ung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241448</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576524</id>
      <parentid>1576380</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:26:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576524</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2751" sha1="c7d39ko6d093kt0r09cfuylpmx8k3y8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox_Person
| jina               = Loung Ung
| jina_halisi        = Loung Ung
| picha              = Loung at TRb.jpg
| ukubwawapicha      = 200px
| maelezo_ya_picha   = Ung mwaka 2008
| tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1970|11|19|df=y}}
| mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Phnom Penh, Jamhuri ya Khmer
| uraia              = {{plainlist|
* Kamboja
* Marekani
}}
| kazi               = {{plainlist|
* Mwandishi
* Mhadhiri
* Mwanaharakati
}}
| lugha              = Kiingereza
| kipindi            = Karne ya 21 (2000–sasa)
| aina               = Haki za Binadamu
| elimu              = Chuo cha Saint Michael's College
| mwenzi             = Mark Priemer (ndoa 2002–sasa)
| watoto             = 
| ndugu              = 

| kazi_mahususi      = {{plainlist|
* ''First They Killed My Father: A Daughter of Cambodia Remembers''
* ''Lucky Child: A Daughter of Cambodia Reunites with the Sister She Left Behind''
}}
| tuzo               = 
| tovuti             = {{URL|www.loungung.com}}
}}

'''Loung Ung''' (alizaliwa 19 Novemba 1970) ni [[mwanaharakati]] wa haki za kibinadamu, mhadhiri, na msemaji wa kitaifa wa kampeni ya Dunia Isiyo na mabomu ya ardhini kuanzia mwaka 1997 hadi 2003, mwenye mchanganyiko wa asili ya nchi za [[Kamboja]] na [[Marekani]]. Amewahi kutumikia katika nafasi hiyo hiyo kwa kampeni ya kimataifa ya kupiga marufuku mabomu ya ardhini, ambayo inashirikiana na [[Wakfu]] wa maveterani wa kivita wa [[Vietnam]] wa Marekani.

Alizaliwa huko [[Phnom Penh]], Kamboja, Ung alikuwa mtoto wa sita kati ya watoto saba na wa tatu kati ya wasichana wanne wa Seng Im Ung na Ay Choung Ung. Akiwa na umri wa miaka 10, alitoroka kutoka Cambodia kama mmoja wa watu waliosalimika katika mauaji yaliyokuja kujulikana kama &quot;Uwanja wa Mauaji&quot; ([[Killing Fields]]) wakati wa utawala wa kikundi cha [[Khmer Rouge]] cha [[Pol Pot]]. Baada ya kupewa makazi mapya kama mkimbizi nchini Marekani, hatimaye aliandika vitabu viwili vinavyohusu uzoefu wa maisha yake kuanzia mwaka 1975 hadi 2003.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti |last=Reinherz |first=Adam |title=Author and activist Loung Ung shares insider's look at Cambodian genocide |url=https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/author-and-activist-loung-ung-shares-insiders-look-at-cambodian-genocide/ |access-date=2022-08-24 |website=jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waigizaji kama Sareum Srey Moch walimwakilisha kama mhusika mkuu katika filamu ya [[Angelina Jolie]] ya mwaka 2017 iitwayo [[First They Killed My Father (film)|''First They Killed My Father'']], inayozingatia kitabu chake cha kumbukumbu zenye jina lilo hilo.

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}
{{mbegu-mtu}}
[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1970]]
[[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]
[[Jamii:Wiki for Refugees 2026]]</text>
      <sha1>c7d39ko6d093kt0r09cfuylpmx8k3y8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Reinaldo Arenas</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241449</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576525</id>
      <parentid>1576363</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:27:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576525</origin>
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      <text bytes="2411" sha1="4zgjdurv6m2auohmghaskhkypxhn86j" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox_Person
| jina               = Reinaldo Arenas
| jina_halisi        = Reinaldo Arenas Fuentes
| picha              = 
| ukubwawapicha      = 
| maelezo_ya_picha   = Arenas mwaka 1986
| tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = 16 Julai 1943&lt;ref name=&quot;New Yorker&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine |url=https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/the-literature-of-uprootedness-an-interview-with-reinaldo-arenas |title=The Literature of Uprootedness: An Interview with Reinaldo Arenas |first=Ann Tashi|last=Slater |date=December 5, 2013 |magazine=The New Yorker |access-date=December 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106060211/https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/the-literature-of-uprootedness-an-interview-with-reinaldo-arenas |archive-date=January 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Aguas Claras, Mkoa wa Holguín, Kuba
| tarehe_ya_kifo     = {{Death date and age|1990|12|7|1943|7|16|df=y}}
| mahala_pa_kifo     = Hell's Kitchen, New York, Marekani
| kazi               = Mwandishi
| kipindi            = 1966–1990
| aina               = {{plainlist|
* Ushairi
* Riwaya
* Tamthilia
}}
| kazi_mahususi      = {{plainlist|
* ''Pentagonia''
* ''Before Night Falls''
}}
| watoto             = 
| ndugu              = 
| tuzo               = 
| sahihi             = 
| tovuti             = 
}}

'''Reinaldo Arenas''' (16 Julai 1943 – 7 Desemba 1990) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi wa riwaya, na mwandishi wa michezo ya kuigiza wa [[Kuba|Cuba]] ambaye anajulikana kama mkosoaji mkubwa wa [[Fidel Castro]], mapinduzi ya Kuba, na serikali ya Kuba. Kitabu chake cha kumbukumbu kuhusu harakati za wapinzani wa Cuba na maisha yake kama mfungwa wa kisiasa, (''[[Before Night Falls]])'', kilisomwa kwa sauti na kurekodiwa baada ya kutorokea nchini [[Marekani]] wakati wa msafara wa boti wa Mariel wa mwaka 1980 ([[Mariel boatlift]]) na kilichapishwa baada ya kifo chake. Arenas, alikuwa akisumbuliwa na ugonjwa wa [[UKIMWI]], alijiua mnamo mwaka 1990.&lt;ref name=&quot;post&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/entertainment/books/1993/11/07/last-days-of-reinaldo-arenas/82376cee-472f-43e7-b1fb-f4047de4811e/ |title=Last Days of Reinaldo Arenas |last=Manrique |first=Jaime |date=November 7, 1993 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=August 14, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1943]]
[[Jamii:Waliofariki 1990]]
[[Jamii:Waandishi wa Kuba]]
[[Jamii:Wiki for Refugees 2026]]</text>
      <sha1>4zgjdurv6m2auohmghaskhkypxhn86j</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jamii:Waandishi wa Kuba</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>241450</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576526</id>
      <parentid>1576362</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:27:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Cuba]] hadi [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Kuba]]</comment>
      <origin>1576362</origin>
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      <text bytes="19" sha1="gqjex88821ueu3owmdebaxmt7mum6sg" xml:space="preserve">[[Jamii:Waandishi]]</text>
      <sha1>gqjex88821ueu3owmdebaxmt7mum6sg</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>1576528</id>
      <parentid>1576526</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:28:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576528</origin>
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      <text bytes="60" sha1="iavdfbk1eqvzdqozlhru4udu3j6wt5r" xml:space="preserve">[[Jamii:Waandishi nchi kwa nchi|K]]
[[Jamii:watu wa Kuba|A]]</text>
      <sha1>iavdfbk1eqvzdqozlhru4udu3j6wt5r</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Tendaho</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241451</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576529</id>
      <parentid>1576372</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:29:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <origin>1576529</origin>
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      <text bytes="1260" sha1="idvzgkcwvhs8lo28dg2gxlgy0altcnt" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Tendaho''' ni bwawa la udongo lililopo katika Mkoa wa Afar mashariki mwa [[Ethiopia]]. Limejengwa kwenye [[Mto Awash]], na hifadhi yake ya maji pia hupokea maji kutoka Mto Mille.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Ethiopia: Tendaho Dam Construction Reaches 98 Percent|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201407290728.html|work=allAfrica.com|language=en|access-date=2026-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili ni mradi wa Shirika la Ujenzi wa Miundombinu ya [[Maji]] la Ethiopia (Ethiopian Water Works Construction Enterprise – EWWCE). Mipango ya mradi ilianza mwaka 2005, huku ujenzi ukifanyika kati ya mwaka 2010 na 2014.

Lengo kuu la bwawa ni kutoa maji ya umwagiliaji kwa mashamba ya miwa yanayohudumia Kiwanda cha Sukari cha Tendaho, pamoja na kusambaza maji ya kunywa kwa wakazi wa eneo hilo.

Kati ya hekta 60,000 za ardhi zilizopangwa kumwagiliwa, hekta 10,000 zilitengwa kwa ajili ya huduma za kijamii na matumizi ya jamii, huku hekta 50,000 zilizobaki zikitengwa kwa kilimo cha miwa kwa ajili ya kiwanda cha sukari.

Miji iliyo karibu zaidi na bwawa hili ni Logiya, iliyopo [[kaskazini]] mwa bwawa, na Semera, ambayo ina [[Uwanja wa Ndege]] wa Semera na chuo kikuu.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Ethiopia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Ethiopia]]</text>
      <sha1>idvzgkcwvhs8lo28dg2gxlgy0altcnt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Swakoppoort</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241452</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576532</id>
      <parentid>1576368</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:32:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Marejeo */</comment>
      <origin>1576532</origin>
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      <text bytes="1072" sha1="tpd8btgfh49uf2b0l0snyj2c8khb4dg" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Swakoppoort''' ni bwawa lililopo kilomita 50 kutoka mji wa Okahandja katika Mkoa wa Otjozondjupa nchini [[Namibia]]. Limejengwa kwenye Mto Swakop na wakati mwingine hupokea maji kutoka Bwawa la Omatako lililopo kwenye Mto Omatako, ambao ni tawimto la [[Mto]] Swakop.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NamWater|url=https://www.namwater.com.na/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=71&amp;Itemid=68|work=www.namwater.com.na|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en-gb|author=Super User}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi maji kiasi cha mita za ujazo milioni 63.489.

Lilikamilishwa mwaka 1978 na ni mojawapo ya mabwawa matatu makuu yanayosambaza [[maji]] kwa mji mkuu wa Namibia, Windhoek.

Mbali na Windhoek, [[bwawa]] hili pia husambaza maji kwa Mgodi wa Navachab Mine na mji wa Karibib.

Bwawa la Swakoppoort lina mchango muhimu katika kuhakikisha upatikanaji wa maji kwa matumizi ya nyumbani, viwandani na shughuli za uchimbaji madini katika maeneo ya kati ya Namibia

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Namibia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Namibia]]</text>
      <sha1>tpd8btgfh49uf2b0l0snyj2c8khb4dg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Smir</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241453</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576533</id>
      <parentid>1576369</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:32:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576533</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1039" sha1="nw32w1mkovqn9krm3mh6cmrdsyfeuwc" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Smir''' (Kiarabu: '''سد أسمير''') ni bwawa la udongo lililopo kaskazini mwa [[Moroko]], kusini-mashariki mwa [[Bwawa la Nakhla]] na takribani kilomita 5 magharibi mwa mji wa M'diq.

Bwawa hili limejengwa katika eneo ambapo Wadi Smir na Wadi El-lile hukutana. Pia lina bwawa dogo la ziada (saddle dam) lenye urefu wa mita 17 lililopo karibu na bwawa kuu.

Lengo kuu la Bwawa la Smir ni kusambaza maji kwa [[mji]] wa Tetouan, ambao upo takribani [[kilomita]] 12 kusini mwa bwawa hilo.

Ujenzi wa bwawa ulikamilika mwaka 1991.

Hifadhi ya maji inayoundwa na bwawa hili ilitambuliwa mwaka 2019 kama sehemu ya eneo la Ramsar Convention, kutokana na umuhimu wake katika uhifadhi wa [[ardhi]] oevu na viumbe hai wanaotegemea [[mazingira]] hayo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Lagune et barrage de Smir {{!}} Ramsar Sites Information Service|url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/2380|work=rsis.ramsar.org|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Moroko]]</text>
      <sha1>nw32w1mkovqn9krm3mh6cmrdsyfeuwc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Sidi Salem</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241455</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576534</id>
      <parentid>1576373</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:33:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576534</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="876" sha1="odksx43c6pfsyps4y3ttlb4lreb932c" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Sidi Salem''' ni bwawa kubwa zaidi la [[udongo]] na mawe nchini [[Tunisia]]. Lipo takribani [[kilomita]] 6 kaskazini-magharibi mwa mji wa Testour kwenye Mto Medjerda katika Mkoa wa Béja.

Bwawa hili lilijengwa kati ya mwaka 1977 na 1981. Kazi zake kuu ni kusambaza [[maji]] kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji na kusaidia uzalishaji wa umeme kupitia kituo cha kuzalisha umeme chenye uwezo wa megawati 12.

Bwawa la Sidi Salem lina umuhimu mkubwa katika maendeleo ya kilimo nchini [[Tunisia]] kwa kusaidia upatikanaji wa maji ya [[umwagiliaji]], pamoja na kuchangia katika uzalishaji wa nishati ya umeme.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sidi Salem (1977-1981)|url=https://hidrotehnika.rs/brane/tunis/sidi-salem/|work=Hidrotehnika-Hidroenergetika|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Tunisia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Tunisia]]</text>
      <sha1>odksx43c6pfsyps4y3ttlb4lreb932c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Sidi el Barrak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241456</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576535</id>
      <parentid>1576375</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:34:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576535</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1135" sha1="apyrmbn83a4hogpyjgy3ln2kd19nrnq" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Sidi El Barrak''' ni bwawa la [[udongo]] na mawe lililopo takribani kilomita 18 kaskazini-mashariki mwa [[mji]] wa Tabarka na kilomita 2 kutoka Bahari ya Mediterania, kwenye Mto Oued Zouara katika Mkoa wa Béja nchini Tunisia.

Bwawa hili lilijengwa kati ya mwaka 1994 na 2000, na lengo lake kuu ni kuhifadhi na kusambaza [[maji]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sidi el Barrak (1994-2000)|url=https://hidrotehnika.rs/brane/tunis/sidi-el-barrak/|work=Hidrotehnika-Hidroenergetika|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kama sehemu ya Mradi wa [[Maendeleo]] wa Sidi El Barrak, maji yanayohifadhiwa kwenye bwawa husafirishwa kwa kusukumwa hadi Bwawa la Sejnane kwa kiwango cha takribani mita za ujazo [[milioni]] 265 kwa mwaka.

Maji hayo husambazwa kwa matumizi ya mijini na kilimo katika mji wa Tunis, eneo la Cap Bon, eneo la Sahel pamoja na Sfax.

Mradi mzima wa Sidi El Barrak ulikamilika mwaka [[2002]] na una umuhimu mkubwa katika kuhakikisha upatikanaji wa maji kwa matumizi ya nyumbani na shughuli za kilimo nchini Tunisia.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Tunisia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Tunisia]]</text>
      <sha1>apyrmbn83a4hogpyjgy3ln2kd19nrnq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Sennar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241457</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576536</id>
      <parentid>1576376</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:34:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576536</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1061" sha1="mjquxubcw50xn4jrrnqdsf9615g53yq" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Sennar''' ni bwawa la umwagiliaji lililojengwa kwenye [[Mto]] [[Nile ya buluu]] karibu na mji wa Sennar katika eneo la Al Jazirah nchini [[Sudan]].

Bwawa hili lina urefu wa mita 3,025 na kimo cha juu cha mita 40.

Lilibuniwa na [[mhandisi]] wa Uskoti Sir Murdoch MacDonald. Ujenzi wake ulianza mwaka 1914 na kukamilika mwaka 1925 na kampuni ya ujenzi ya [[Uingereza]] S Pearson &amp; Sons.

Bwawa la Sennar lilijengwa kwa lengo la kusaidia umwagiliaji wa mashamba kwa kutumia [[maji]] ya Mto Nile ya Bluu, na limekuwa na mchango mkubwa katika maendeleo ya kilimo nchini Sudan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Prowde |first=O L |date=1926-01 |title=THE GEZIRA IRRIGATION SCHEME, INCLUDING THE SENNAR DAM ON THE BLUE NILE. |url=http://www.emerald.com/jmipi/article/222/1926/81-99/417995 |journal=Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers |language=en |volume=222 |issue=1926 |pages=81–99 |doi=10.1680/imotp.1926.14156 |issn=1753-7843}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Sudan}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Sudan]]</text>
      <sha1>mjquxubcw50xn4jrrnqdsf9615g53yq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cartagena, Kolombia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241458</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576537</id>
      <parentid>1576377</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:37:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576537</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4831" sha1="cl5v3xs6crny1rh9pkqo4o7r90s6g5j" xml:space="preserve">'''Cartagena''' inayojulikana tangu enzi za kifalme kama '''Cartagena de Indias''', ni mji na moja ya bandari kuu kwenye pwani ya kaskazini ya [[Kolombia]] katika Kanda ya Pwani ya Karibi, kando ya [[Bahari ya Karibi]]. Jukumu la zamani la mji huu kama kiungo cha kuelekea [[West Indies]] unalipa thamani kubwa ya kihistoria kwa ugunduzi wa dunia na uhifadhi wa urithi wa njia kuu za biashara ya baharini.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Centre |first1=UNESCO World Heritage |title=Port, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/285/ |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kama koloni la zamani la [[Hispania]], ulikuwa mji wa bandari muhimu kwa mauzo ya fedha ya Bolivia kwenda Uhispania na uingizaji wa Waafrika waliofanywa watumwa.&lt;ref&gt;Lance R. Grahn, &quot;Cartagena&quot; in ''Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture'', vol. 1, p 581. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons 1996.&lt;/ref&gt; Eneo lake la kimkakati lilifanya uwe bandari kuu ya biashara ya kifalme na ukaanzisha umuhimu wake mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1540.

Cartagena ya sasa ni mji mkuu wa [[Bolívar Department]], na ulikuwa na idadi ya watu 876,885 kulingana na sensa ya 2018,&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/colombia/bolivar/cartagena_de_indias/13001000__cartagena_de_indias/ Citypopulation.de]&lt;/ref&gt; na kuufanya kuwa mji wa pili kwa ukubwa katika kanda ya Karibi, baada ya [[Barranquilla]], na mji wa tano kwa ukubwa nchini Kolombia. Shughuli za kiuchumi ni pamoja na viwanda vya baharini na kikemikali, pamoja na utalii.

Kihistoria, mji huu ulianzishwa mnamo tarehe 1 Juni 1533, na kuufanya kuwa mmoja wa miji ya zamani zaidi ya kikoloni huko Amerika Kusini;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Big on Charm: Colonial Cartagena |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/big-on-charm-colonial-cartagena |work=Travel |date=17 November 2015 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; lakini makazi ya wenyeji asili katika eneo hilo yalianza tangu mwaka 4000 KK. Wakati wa ukoloni wa Uhispania, Cartagena ilikuwa na jukumu kuu katika utawala na upanuzi wa [[Dola la Uhispania]]. Mnamo mwaka 1984, mji wa kikoloni uliozungushwa ukuta na ngome za Cartagena ulitangazwa kuwa [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]]. Pia, ulikuwa uwanja wa [[Mapigano ya Cartagena de Indias]] mnamo 1741 kati ya Uhispania na [[Uingereza]].[[File:Reconstruction of Taino village, Cuba.JPG|thumb|Mabaki ya nyumba za wenyeji wa zamani wa mji huu]]

Utamaduni wa Puerto Hormiga, ulioanzishwa katika eneo la pwani ya Karibi, unaonekana kuwa jamii ya kwanza ya wanadamu iliyofanyiwa utafiti katika eneo ambalo sasa ni Kolombia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last=Carvajal Contreras |first=Diana Rocío |last2=Iizuka |first2=Fumie |title=Un análisis visual de técnicas de manufactura y tecnología de la cerámica del sitio Puerto Hormiga, Colombia |url=https://revistas.icanh.gov.co/index.php/ap/article/download/2623/2020 |journal=Arqueología y Patrimonio}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wanaakiolojia wanakadiria kuwa karibu mwaka 4000 KK, utamaduni huu ulipatikana karibu na mipaka ya sasa ya Bolívar na Sucre, ambapo waligundua vitu vya kauri vya zamani zaidi huko Amerika.&lt;ref name=&quot;Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.lablaa.org/blaavirtual/arqueologia/arqueolo/cap4.1.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060923164704/http://www.lablaa.org/blaavirtual/arqueologia/arqueolo/cap4.1.htm |archive-date=23 September 2006 |title=Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango |publisher=Lablaa.org |access-date=26 March 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Baada ya kuporomoka kwa utamaduni huu karibu mwaka 3000 KK, utamaduni ulioendelea zaidi wa Monsú uliibuka karibu na vitongoji vya sasa vya Cartagena, ukichanganya uchumi vya kilimo na uvuvi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.lablaa.org/blaavirtual/publicacionesbanrep/boletin/boleti3/bol12/debate.htm |title=Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango |publisher=Lablaa.org |date=4 June 2005 |access-date=24 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201091431/http://www.lablaa.org/blaavirtual/publicacionesbanrep/boletin/boleti3/bol12/debate.htm |archive-date=1 December 2008 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Hatimaye, jamii ya Sinú ilitawala eneo hilo. Hadi ukoloni wa Uhispania, makabila mbalimbali ya lugha za Karib, Malibu, na Arawak yalishi kando ya pwani. Karibu mwaka 1500 BK, eneo hilo lilikaliwa na makabila tofauti ya familia ya lugha ya Karibi, hasa jamii ndogo ya Mocanae, ikiwa ni pamoja na kabila la Kalamarí ambalo lilikuwa na nguvu zaidi katika eneo la mji wa sasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lemaitre&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Lemaitre|first1=Eduardo|title=A Brief History of Cartagena|date=1994|publisher=Compania Litografica Nacional S.A.|location=Medellin|isbn=978-958-638-092-8|page=13}}&lt;/ref&gt; Makabila haya yalishiriki usanifu wa pamoja wa vibanda vya mbao vilivyozungushwa kuta za kujihami.

==Tazama pia==
* [[Petro Claver]]

==Marejeo==
{{Marejeo}}
[[Jamii:Miji ya Kolombia]]</text>
      <sha1>cl5v3xs6crny1rh9pkqo4o7r90s6g5j</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Rukenya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241459</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576539</id>
      <parentid>1576379</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:39:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576539</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1936" sha1="3hmsmkno3yq0mokh8vcl57yb9bu81o4" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Rukenya,''' ambalo pia linajulikana kama Bwawa la Thiba, ni bwawa lililopo [[Rukenya]] katika [[Kaunti ya Kirinyaga]], [[Kenya]].

Bwawa hili lina urefu wa mita 40 na upana wa takribani kilomita 1. Hifadhi yake ya maji inachukua angalau ekari 542 za ardhi na ina uwezo wa kuhifadhi mita za ujazo milioni 15 za maji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Kirinyaga loses as Thiba dam stall|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001355474/kirinyaga-loses-as-thiba-dam-stall|work=The Standard|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en|author=Mt Kenya Star}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lengo kuu la [[bwawa]] ni kuongeza eneo la umwagiliaji katika Mpango wa [[Umwagiliaji]] wa Mwea (Mwea Irrigation Scheme).

Mradi huu ulifadhiliwa na Serikali ya Kenya kwa ushirikiano na Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Serikali ya Kenya iliutambua mradi huu kama sehemu ya mpango wa [[maendeleo]] wa Vision 2030.

Ujenzi wa bwawa ulianza mwezi Septemba 2016, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Schools face demolition in Sh12b dam project|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000076632/schools-face-demolition-in-sh12b-dam-project|work=The Standard|accessdate=2026-06-24|language=en|author=-{{!}} Feb. 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;lakini ulisimamishwa mwezi Oktoba 2019 kutokana na ukosefu wa [[fedha]]. Kazi zilianza tena mwezi Januari 2020 baada ya kutolewa kwa dola [[milioni]] 6 za Marekani kwa ajili ya kuendeleza mradi.

Ujenzi wa Bwawa la Rukenya (Thiba) ulikamilika mwezi Machi 2022 baada ya kushughulikiwa kwa changamoto za ufadhili na migogoro ya ardhi iliyokuwa imechelewesha [[mradi]] kwa muda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Uhuru's flagship Thiba Dam is complete|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2022-03-03-uhurus-flagship-thiba-dam-is-complete/|work=The Star|language=en-KE|access-date=2026-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]]

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Kenya}}
[[Jamii:Kaunti ya Kirinyaga]]
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya]]</text>
      <sha1>3hmsmkno3yq0mokh8vcl57yb9bu81o4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Roseires</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241460</id>
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      <id>1576541</id>
      <parentid>1576408</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:41:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="2305" sha1="c4ol1ep4h43caochwgpw17fr7477kwd" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Roseires''' (Kiarabu: '''خزان الروصيرص''') ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto [[Nile ya buluu]] katika mji wa Ad Damazin, juu kidogo ya [[mji]] wa Er Roseires nchini [[Sudan]].

Bwawa hili linajumuisha bwawa la saruji lenye upana wa kilomita 1 na kimo cha juu cha mita 68, pamoja na mabwawa ya udongo yaliyojengwa pande zote mbili. Bwawa la upande wa mashariki lina urefu wa [[kilomita]] 4, huku la upande wa [[magharibi]] likiwa na urefu wa kilomita 8.5. Hifadhi yake ya maji ina eneo la takribani kilomita za mraba 290.

Bwawa la Roseires lilikamilishwa mwaka 1966, awali kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji. Mwaka 1971, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sudan Vision Daily - Details|url=http://news.sudanvisiondaily.com/details.html?rsnpid=217795|work=news.sudanvisiondaily.com|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Heightening of the Roseires Dam Rehabilitation Project - OPEC Fund for International Development|url=https://opecfund.org/where-we-work/list/heightening-of-the-roseires-dam-rehabilitation-project|work=https://opecfund.org|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;kituo cha kuzalisha umeme kiliongezwa, kikiwa na uwezo wa kuzalisha hadi megawati 280 za umeme.

Baada ya kukamilika kwa mradi wa umeme wa maji wa Bwawa kuu la Renaissance la Ethiopia (Hidase) nchini Ethiopia, Bwawa la Roseires limekuwa likitumika kama kituo cha kusawazisha mtiririko wa maji na uzalishaji wa umeme chini ya mkondo.

=== Mradi wa Upanuzi ===
Kimo cha awali cha bwawa kilikuwa mita 68, lakini mwaka 2013 kiliongezwa hadi mita 78. Kufuatia upanuzi huo, urefu wa jumla wa bwawa ulifikia kilomita 25.

Bwawa lina malango matano ya chini yenye vipimo vya mita 3 kwa 5, yaliyoundwa kupitisha mafuriko na kuondoa mashapo. Pia lina spillway yenye uwezo wa kupitisha maji kwa kiwango cha [[mita]] za ujazo 694 kwa sekunde.

Zaidi ya hayo, bwawa lilibuniwa na njia tano za chini za kutoa maji zenye uwezo wa kupitisha mita za ujazo 5,208 kwa sekunde ili kudhibiti mafuriko na kusafisha mashapo kutoka kwenye hifadhi.

Upanuzi huo uliongeza uwezo wa hifadhi ya bwawa kutoka kilomita za ujazo 3 hadi [[kilomita]] za ujazo 7.4, jambo lililoimarisha uwezo wake wa kudhibiti mafuriko na kuhifadhi maji.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Sudan}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Sudan]]</text>
      <sha1>c4ol1ep4h43caochwgpw17fr7477kwd</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Pangani</title>
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      <text bytes="1575" sha1="m5rrbaykdksotqr7cznj1x9uwiumqe8" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Pangani''' ni bwawa lililopo nchini [[Tanzania]] na ni sehemu ya Mfumo wa [[Umeme]] wa Maji wa Pangani ('''Pangani Hydro Systems'''). Bwawa hili lipo [[Koani]] katika [[Wilaya ya Muheza]], [[Mkoa wa Tanga]], takribani kilomita 8 kusini mwa Kituo cha Umeme cha Hale.

Kituo cha Umeme cha Pangani kina mitambo miwili ya kuzalisha umeme na kina uwezo wa kuzalisha megawati 68 za umeme.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pangani Hydro Systems|url=http://www.tanesco.co.tz/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=82&amp;Itemid=238|work=www.tanesco.co.tz|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-gb|author=tanescoadmin}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muhtasari ==
Ujenzi wa bwawa ulianza mwezi Desemba 1991 na ulikamilika pamoja na kuanza kutumika mwaka 1994, ikiwa ni sehemu ya juhudi za kupunguza tatizo la upungufu wa umeme nchini Tanzania.

Mradi mzima ulifadhiliwa na nchi za Skandinavia za [[Ulaya]], ambazo ni Norway, [[Finland]] na [[Sweden]]. Nchi hizi zilikubaliana kwa pamoja mwaka 1989 kufadhili Mradi wa Ukarabati na Maendeleo wa Pangani .

Gharama ya mradi huo ilikuwa dola za [[Marekani]] milioni 126. Fedha hizo zilitolewa na taasisi tatu za maendeleo:

* NORAD ya Norway (asilimia 42)
* FINNIDA ya Finland (asilimia 33)
* SIDA ya Sweden (asilimia 25)

Bwawa la Pangani  ni mojawapo ya miradi muhimu ya uzalishaji wa umeme wa maji nchini Tanzania na limechangia kuimarisha upatikanaji wa umeme katika gridi ya taifa.

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Tanzania]]

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-tanga}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Tanzania]]
[[Jamii:wilaya ya Muheza]]</text>
      <sha1>m5rrbaykdksotqr7cznj1x9uwiumqe8</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Oumarou Kanazoé</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <parentid>1576412</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:44:37Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="1669" sha1="b1y36g2pg741nnkno9cf4knslvytaww" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Oumarou Kanazoé''' (kwa Kifaransa: '''Barrage Oumarou Kanazoé'''; [[jina rasmi]]: '''Bwawa la Toécé''', kwa Kifaransa: ''Barrage de Toécé'') ni [[bwawa]] lililopo mpakani mwa Majimbo ya Yatenga na Passoré katika Mkoa wa Nord nchini [[Burkina Faso]].

Bwawa hili limepewa jina la [[mfanyabiashara]] wa Burkina Faso Oumarou Kanazoé, ambaye kampuni yake ya ujenzi, Kanazoé Frères, ilijenga bwawa hilo mwaka 1995.

Bwawa la Oumarou Kanazoé lina hifadhi kubwa zaidi ya maji katika Mkoa wa Nord. [[Maji]] yake hutumika kwa shughuli za umwagiliaji wa mazao na uvuvi.

Kufikia mwaka 2019, juhudi zilikuwa zinaendelea kuondoa mmea vamizi wa majini unaojulikana kama '''Typha''', ambao ulikuwa umeenea na kufunika [[asilimia]] 50.6 ya uso wa hifadhi ya bwawa hilo. Mmea huo umeonekana kuwa changamoto kwa matumizi bora ya maji na shughuli za kiuchumi zinazotegemea bwawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Protection des ressources en eau : Des résultats satisfaisants à Toécé dans la lutte contre le typha - leFaso.net|url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article91172|work=lefaso.net|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Fight against invasive plants: the AEN holds in the first week of July 2019, an information and awareness workshop for the people of the Northern Region {{!}} Agence de l'Eau du Nakanbé (AEN)|url=https://eaunakanbe.bf/en/fight-against-invasive-plants-the-aen-holds-in-the-first-week-of-july-2019-an-information-and-awareness-workshop-for-the-people-of-the-northern-region/|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maziwa ya Burkina Faso]]</text>
      <sha1>b1y36g2pg741nnkno9cf4knslvytaww</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Banieya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241469</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576622</id>
      <parentid>1576425</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T03:23:33Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="1002" sha1="clorfadzme3b0gv3gbnrheig3zr0exb" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Banieya''' ni bwawa la udongo (embankment dam) lililopo kwenye [[Mto]] Samou katika Mkoa wa Kindia nchini [[Gine|Guinea]]. Lipo takribani kilomita 16 magharibi mwa mji wa Kindia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Arquivo.pt|url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-africa-w.htm|work=arquivo.pt|accessdate=2026-06-25|archive-date=2009-07-19|archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090719000622/http://www.industcards.com/hydro-africa-w.htm|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lilikamilishwa mwaka 1969 kwa lengo la kusambaza maji kwa matumizi mbalimbali, hasa maji ya matumizi ya nyumbani na shughuli za kiuchumi.

Mwaka 1988, kituo cha kuzalisha umeme wa maji chenye uwezo wa megawati 5.2 kiliongezwa kwenye sehemu ya chini ya bwawa hilo.

Bwawa lingine linalofanana na hilo, linalojulikana kama Bwawa la Kale, liko chini ya mkondo wa Mto Samou na pia lina kituo cha kuzalisha umeme wa maji.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Guinea]]</text>
      <sha1>clorfadzme3b0gv3gbnrheig3zr0exb</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Barekese</title>
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      <text bytes="1109" sha1="4gz0934hbczpvm5gj7ljcbmv3d8phiv" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Barekese''' ni bwawa lililopo kwenye [[Mto]] Ofin katika Mkoa wa Ashanti nchini [[Ghana]]. Bwawa hili linasambaza maji kwa mtambo mkuu wa kusafisha maji unaohudumia jiji la Kumasi na maeneo yanayolizunguka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ghana Districts - A repository of all districts in the republic of Ghana|url=http://www.ghanadistricts.com/news/?read=31658|work=www.ghanadistricts.com|accessdate=2026-06-25|author=michael ocansey[mike@busylab.com]|archive-date=2015-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417173447/http://www.ghanadistricts.com/news/?read=31658|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili husimamiwa na Ghana Water Company.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Parked Domain name on Hostinger DNS system|url=http://kessbenfm.com/barekese-dam-under-threat-from-encroachers/|work=kessbenfm.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lina mchango mkubwa sana katika upatikanaji wa maji safi, kwani linatoa takribani asilimia 80 ya maji ya kunywa yanayotumiwa na wakazi wa Kumasi na viunga vyake.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Ghana}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Ghana]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Bin el Ouidane</title>
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      <text bytes="960" sha1="ht1w0xcra07zgkviyw8o8zg5471r5fz" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Bin el Ouidane''' ni bwawa la aina ya ''arch dam'' lililopo takribani kilomita 28 kusini mwa [[Beni-Mellal|Beni Mellal]] kwenye Mto El-Abid katika Mkoa wa Azilal Province.

Bwawa hili lilibuniwa na kampuni ya uhandisi ya Coyne et Bellier na lilijengwa kati ya mwaka 1949 na 1953.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bin El Ouidane Hyroelectric Power Plant Morocco - GEO|url=https://globalenergyobservatory.org/form.php?pid=41618|work=globalenergyobservatory.org|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Portail du Secrétariat d'Etat Chargé de l'Eau et de l'Environnement|url=http://www.water.gov.ma/index.cfm?gen=true&amp;ID=80&amp;ID_PAGE=211|work=www.water.gov.ma|accessdate=2026-06-25|archive-date=2015-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123090456/http://www.water.gov.ma/index.cfm?gen=true&amp;ID=80&amp;ID_PAGE=211|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio}}
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Moroko]]</text>
      <sha1>ht1w0xcra07zgkviyw8o8zg5471r5fz</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Maji yaliyoshikamana</title>
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        <id>78697</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>#2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web-&gt;Rejea tovuti, Cite journal-&gt;Rejea jarida, Cite book-&gt;Rejea kitabu, Cite news-&gt;Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced.</comment>
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Katika hidrolojia, '''maji yaliyoshikamana''', ni safu nyembamba sana ya maji yanayozunguka nyuso za madini.

Molekuli za [[maji]] zina nguvu kubwa  [[Chaji ya umeme|ya umeme]], jambo ambalo linamaanisha kuwa zina chaji hasi yenye nguvu katikati na chaji nguchanya yenye nguvu kwenye ncha zake. Hii inafanya molekyuli za maji kushikamana zenyewe kwa zenyewe na kwenye sehemu nyingine zenyi chaji,kama vile madini ya ardhini au biomoculecules. [[Udongo kinamo|Udongo]] hasa una uwezo mkubwa wa kushikamana na molekyuli za maji.

Mvuto mkubwa kati ya nyuso hizi husababisha utepe mwembamba sana wa maji (molekuli chache zenye unene) kuunda kwenye uso wa madini. Molekuli hizi za maji hazisongi sana kuliko maji mengine kwenye udongo, na zina athari kubwa kwenye uimara wa dielectric ya udongo na kuyeyuka kwa kuganda&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea kitabu|title=Soil physics|last=Jury|first=William|last2=Horton|first2=Robert|date=2004|publisher=Wiley|isbn=978-0-471-05965-3|edition=6th ed|location=Hoboken}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

Katika biolojia ya molekuli na sayansi ya chakula, maji yaliyofungwa hurejelea kiasi cha maji katika tishu za mwili ambazo zimeunganishwa na makromolekuli au organelles . Katika sayansi ya chakula aina hii ya maji haipatikani kwa shughuli za [[Mikrobiolojia|kibiolojia]] kwa hivyo haitasababisha kupungua kwa ubora au kuongezeka kwa [[Pathojeni|vimelea]] .

== Marejeleo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Fizikia ya udongo]]
[[Jamii:Mekaniki ya udongo]]
[[Jamii:Hidrologia]]</text>
      <sha1>rqzckyjxx1lscp91d1qgeak8hdnailw</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Djibloho</title>
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      <text bytes="1185" sha1="m94en00xe8fs1tq77fba1butatze4k6" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Djibloho''' ni bwawa la aina ya ''gravity dam'' lililopo kwenye [[Mto]] Wele karibu na eneo la Djibloho katika Mkoa wa Wele-Nzas nchini Equatorial [[Gine|Guinea]].

Bwawa hili limejengwa kwa lengo kuu la kuzalisha umeme wa maji na lina kituo cha umeme chenye uwezo wa megawati 120, ambacho husambaza umeme hasa kwa mji mkuu mpya wa Ciudad de la Paz.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=El Ministro de Minas visita las obras de Djibloho - Página Oficial del Gobierno de la República de Guinea Ecuatorial|url=http://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/noticia.php?id=864|work=www.guineaecuatorialpress.com|accessdate=2026-06-25|author=GUINEA ECUATORIAL|archive-date=2019-08-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802161005/http://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/noticia.php?id=864|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Arquivo.pt|url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-africa-w.htm|work=arquivo.pt|accessdate=2026-06-25|archive-date=2009-07-19|archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090719000622/http://www.industcards.com/hydro-africa-w.htm|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Guinea]]</text>
      <sha1>m94en00xe8fs1tq77fba1butatze4k6</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Elgaada</title>
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      <text bytes="769" sha1="nmk2nyr4d2hjoaxq92pebljqhx4gj5f" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Elgaada''' ni mojawapo ya mabwawa ya maji yaliyo kaskazini mwa [[Moroko|Morocco]]. Lipo kwenye eneo la mashariki mwa jiji la Fez.

Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi maji takribani mita za ujazo 350,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Secrétariat d'Etat Chargé de l'Eau|url=http://www.water.gov.ma/|work=www.water.gov.ma|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=fr-FR|archive-date=2018-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221003542/http://www.water.gov.ma/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Elgaada Dam hutumika kama chanzo cha maji katika eneo hilo, likisaidia katika usambazaji wa maji na usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji kwa matumizi ya karibu na jiji la Fez.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Moroko]]</text>
      <sha1>nmk2nyr4d2hjoaxq92pebljqhx4gj5f</sha1>
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    <title>Bwawa la Garafiri</title>
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      <text bytes="1276" sha1="o04m7fo1tsqvpfuwdhb0zr5g4z4vw7m" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Garafiri''' ni bwawa la udongo (embankment dam) lililopo kwenye Mto Konkouré, ambao pia hutengeneza mpaka kati ya Mikoa ya Kindia na Mamou nchini [[Gine|Guinea]].

Bwawa hili lilijengwa na kampuni ya ujenzi ya Salini Impregilo kati ya mwaka 1995 na 1999 kwa ajili ya kuzalisha umeme wa maji na kusambaza [[maji]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fao.org/aquastat/en/databases/dams/|work=www.fao.org|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kituo chake cha umeme kina uwezo wa megawati 75 (takribani hp 101,000). Mnamo mwaka 2002, kituo hicho kilipata hitilafu, lakini kilirekebishwa muda mfupi baadaye.

Bwawa la Garafiri lina mchango mkubwa katika uzalishaji wa umeme na usambazaji wa maji nchini Guinea, hasa katika ukanda wa kati wa nchi hiyo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Garafiri dam - Salini Impregilo|url=http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/garafiri-dam.html|work=www.salini-impregilo.com|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en|archive-date=2016-10-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029103355/http://www.salini-impregilo.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/garafiri-dam.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Guinea]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Grand Poubara</title>
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      <text bytes="999" sha1="1707c9me7obv5hoo33vajjt439n31md" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Grand Poubara''' ni bwawa la aina ya ''gravity dam'' lililopo kwenye [[Mto]] Ogooué, takribani kilomita 15 kusini mwa mji wa Franceville nchini [[Gabon]].

Lengo kuu la bwawa hili ni kuzalisha umeme wa maji. Lina kituo cha umeme chenye uwezo wa megawati 160 (takribani hp 210,000).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Gabon, Grand Poubara Hydropower Station - Hydropower - Sinohydro|url=http://eng.sinohydro.com/index.php?m=content&amp;c=index&amp;a=show&amp;catid=42&amp;id=131|work=eng.sinohydro.com|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en|archive-date=2014-03-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325205839/http://eng.sinohydro.com/index.php?m=content&amp;c=index&amp;a=show&amp;catid=42&amp;id=131|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa la Grand Poubara lina mchango muhimu katika sekta ya nishati ya Gabon, likisaidia kuongeza uzalishaji wa umeme na kuimarisha upatikanaji wa nishati katika eneo la mashariki mwa nchi.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Gabon}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Gabon]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Hassan I</title>
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      <text bytes="912" sha1="4ath8dac4z966c8slakw0qv0dwxv9yd" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Hassan''' I ni bwawa la udongo (embankment dam) lililopo takribani kilomita 19 kaskazini-mashariki mwa mji wa Demnate kwenye Mto Lakhdar katika Mkoa wa Azilal nchini [[Moroko|Morocco]].

Bwawa hili lilikamilishwa mwaka 1986 na linatumika kwa:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Portail du Secrétariat d'Etat Chargé de l'Eau et de l'Environnement|url=http://www.water.gov.ma/index.cfm?gen=true&amp;ID=80&amp;ID_PAGE=240|work=www.water.gov.ma|accessdate=2026-06-25|archive-date=2011-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009183223/http://www.water.gov.ma/index.cfm?gen=true&amp;ID=80&amp;ID_PAGE=240|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hassan I Hydroelectric Power Project - GEO|url=https://globalenergyobservatory.org/form.php?pid=41615|work=globalenergyobservatory.org|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Moroko]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Naute</title>
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      <text bytes="1085" sha1="mymox963vmwm6hjc0iavnpicq21s0i0" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Naute''' ni bwawa lililopo nje ya mji wa Keetmanshoop katika Mkoa wa Karas nchini [[Namibia]].

Bwawa hili lilijengwa na kampuni ya Concor kati ya mwaka 1970 na 1972, na likazinduliwa rasmi Septemba 1972.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ministry of Trade and Industry - Namibia - Naute Aqua Fish Farms Project|url=http://www.mti.gov.na/subpage.php?linkNo=113|work=www.mti.gov.na|accessdate=2026-06-25|archive-date=2009-01-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090101003043/http://www.mti.gov.na/subpage.php?linkNo=113|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lipo kwenye Mto Löwen, ambao ni [[mto]] mdogo unaomwaga maji yake kwenye Mto Fish. Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo milioni 69 za maji, na linachukuliwa kuwa bwawa la tatu kwa ukubwa nchini Namibia, likiwa chini ya Hardap Dam iliyopo kaskazini yake.

Naute Dam lina umuhimu mkubwa katika usambazaji wa maji na pia kusaidia shughuli za kilimo katika eneo hilo la ukame la kusini mwa Namibia.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Namibia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Namibia]]</text>
      <sha1>mymox963vmwm6hjc0iavnpicq21s0i0</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Mulungushi</title>
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      <text bytes="742" sha1="2cqpyxv18km3qsd04fhwt935wy8zj21" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Mulungushi''' ni bwawa lililopo takribani kilomita 50 kusini-mashariki mwa mji wa Kabwe nchini [[Zambia]]. Limejengwa kwenye Mto Mulungushi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Kabwe Kapers|url=http://www.lowdown.co.zm/2003/2003-10/kabwekapersoct2003.htm|work=www.lowdown.co.zm|accessdate=2026-06-25|archive-date=2007-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070521040841/http://www.lowdown.co.zm/2003/2003-10/kabwekapersoct2003.htm|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lilijengwa na Broken Hill Development Company na kufunguliwa rasmi mwaka 1925 na Edward VIII, ambaye wakati huo alikuwa Mkuu wa Wales (Prince of Wales).

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Namibia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Namibia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lambo la Mtshabezi</title>
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      <comment>#2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web-&gt;Rejea tovuti, Cite journal-&gt;Rejea jarida, Cite book-&gt;Rejea kitabu, Cite news-&gt;Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced.</comment>
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      <text bytes="1065" sha1="mqfnn5teib6jn8c34c4xp69djj3kxyo" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE:Bwawa la Mtshabezi }}
'''Bwawa la Mtshabezi''' ni hifadhi ya maji (reservoir) iliyojengwa kwenye [[Mto]] Mtshabezi nchini [[Zimbabwe]]. Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo milioni 11.4 za maji.

Baada ya kukamilika na kuanza kutumika kwa bomba la maji lililounganisha Bwawa la Mtshabezi na Mzingwane Dam mwaka 2013, Mtshabezi lilikuwa bwawa la sita kuingizwa katika mfumo wa usambazaji wa maji wa mji wa Bulawayo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mtshabezi pipeline a major Govt intervention|url=https://www.heraldonline.co.zw/mtshabezi-pipeline-a-major-govt-intervention/|date=2026-06-25|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lina umuhimu mkubwa katika kuhakikisha upatikanaji wa maji kwa wakazi wa Bulawayo, hasa wakati wa vipindi vya ukame na upungufu wa maji. Mfumo wa kuunganisha mabwawa mbalimbali umesaidia kuongeza usalama wa maji kwa mji huo, ambao ni wa pili kwa ukubwa nchini Zimbabwe. 

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lambo la Mita Hills</title>
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      <comment>#2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web-&gt;Rejea tovuti, Cite journal-&gt;Rejea jarida, Cite book-&gt;Rejea kitabu, Cite news-&gt;Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced.</comment>
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      <text bytes="1003" sha1="7bvdo7950ops6f3o87l76etk9wfsvv3" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Mita Hills''' ni bwawa la udongo (embankment dam) lenye kituo cha kuzalisha umeme wa maji na hifadhi ya maji, lililopo karibu na mji wa Kabwe katika Mkoa wa Kati wa [[Zambia]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2BdSAAAAMAAJ|title=Great Dams in Southern Africa|last=Olivier|first=Henry|date=1976|publisher=Purnell|isbn=978-0-86843-004-1|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ujenzi wa bwawa hili ulianza mwaka 1955 kwa lengo la kusaidia uzalishaji wa umeme na maendeleo ya viwanda katika eneo la Kabwe na maeneo ya jirani.

Mita Hills Dam ni sehemu ya mfumo wa uzalishaji wa umeme wa maji unaojumuisha pia Mulungushi Dam na Lunsemfwa Falls. Miundombinu hii kwa sasa inasimamiwa na Lunsemfwa Hydropower Company.

Bwawa hili lina mchango muhimu katika uzalishaji wa umeme nchini Zambia na kusaidia mahitaji ya nishati kwa sekta za viwanda, biashara na matumizi ya nyumbani.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zambia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zambia]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Manjirenji</title>
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      <text bytes="970" sha1="dews29g8j975bndao94zvv7r3r508rk" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Manjirenji''', ambalo zamani lilijulikana kama Lake McDougal, lipo kusini-mashariki mwa [[Zimbabwe]], mashariki mwa mji wa Masvingo.

Bwawa hili lilijengwa kwa lengo la kutoa maji ya umwagiliaji kwa mashamba makubwa yaliyoko katika eneo la Lowveld kusini-magharibi mwa bwawa, hasa karibu na mji wa Chiredzi.

Zao kuu linalonufaika na maji ya bwawa hili ni miwa, ambayo ni mazao muhimu kwa sekta ya sukari nchini Zimbabwe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Zimbabwe National Water Authority|url=http://www.zinwa.co.zw/htm/manjirenji.htm|work=www.zinwa.co.zw|accessdate=2026-06-25|archive-date=2013-06-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130618091623/http://www.zinwa.co.zw/htm/manjirenji.htm|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Manjirenji Dam lina mchango mkubwa katika maendeleo ya kilimo cha umwagiliaji, uzalishaji wa sukari na uchumi wa eneo la Chiredzi na maeneo mengine ya Lowveld.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Mandraka</title>
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      <text bytes="1142" sha1="0r6lcmpebym5bdxvyu4etd7biujshwe" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Mandraka''' ni bwawa la aina ya ''gravity dam'' lililojengwa kwenye Mto Mandraka karibu na eneo la Mandraka nchini [[Madagaska|Madagascar]].

Bwawa hili lilijengwa na kampuni ya Kifaransa na kukamilika mwaka 1956.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Arquivo.pt|url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-africa-southern.htm|work=arquivo.pt|accessdate=2026-06-25|archive-date=2009-07-19|archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090719030742/http://www.industcards.com/hydro-africa-southern.htm|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ujenzi wa bwawa hilo uliunda hifadhi ya maji inayojulikana kama Lake Mandraka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ecosystem-based Adaptation in Madagascar {{!}} UNEP - UN Environment Programme|url=https://www.unep.org/ecosystem-based-adaptation-madagascar|work=www.unep.org|date=2019-01-21|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en|author=U. N. Environment}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa la Mandraka ni sehemu muhimu ya miundombinu ya maji nchini Madagascar na limechangia maendeleo ya matumizi ya rasilimali za maji katika Mkoa wa Analamanga.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Madagaska}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Madagaska]]</text>
      <sha1>0r6lcmpebym5bdxvyu4etd7biujshwe</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Mai Nefhi</title>
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      <text bytes="1473" sha1="nms4g4v5j7eomhml0zkw6xn12gayyxj" xml:space="preserve">'''Mai Nefhi''' ni jina la eneo lililo karibu na mji wa [[Asmara]] nchini [[Eritrea]], pamoja na bwawa lililopo katika eneo hilo. Katika lugha ya Tigrinya, “Mai Nefhi” linahusishwa na maana ya “maji yaliyotanuka” au “maji yaliyoongezeka”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Haile Selassie|date=2026-06-25|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haile_Selassie&amp;oldid=1360996651|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Eritrea Institute of Technology Graduates 1207 Students {{!}}|url=http://www.shabait.com/news/local-news/22160-eritrea-institute-of-technology-graduates-1207-students|work=www.shabait.com|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-gb|author=shabait Administrator|archive-date=2016-08-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814182153/http://www.shabait.com/news/local-news/22160-eritrea-institute-of-technology-graduates-1207-students|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa la Mai Nefhi lilikamilishwa mwaka 1970 wakati wa utawala wa Haile Selassie.

Hadi leo, bwawa hili linaendelea kuwa chanzo kikuu cha maji kwa mji wa Asmara, likiwa na umuhimu mkubwa katika kuhakikisha upatikanaji wa maji kwa wakazi wa mji mkuu wa Eritrea.

Mai Nefhi Dam ni mojawapo ya miundombinu muhimu zaidi ya maji nchini Eritrea kutokana na mchango wake katika usambazaji wa maji ya matumizi ya nyumbani na maendeleo ya mji wa Asmara.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Eritrea]]</text>
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[[File:WP25 potential birthday logo.svg|center|frameless|1400x1400px]]
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&lt;div style=&quot;width:600px; margin:auto; display:flex; justify-content:space-around; border-bottom:1px solid #ddd; text-align:center;&quot;&gt;

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[[Event:Wikipedia 25 - Tabora|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#333; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;Kuhusu Tukio / About&lt;/span&gt;]]
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[[Event:Wikipedia 25 - Tabora/Makala|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#777; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;Makala / Articles List&lt;/span&gt;]]
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[[Event:Wikipedia 25 - Tabora/Matunzio|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#777; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;Matunzio / Gallery&lt;/span&gt;]]
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&lt;/div&gt;

[[File:WP25 Birthday cake.gif|right|250px]] [[File:WP25 Number 25 - blue.gif|right|250px]]

'''Wikipedia 25th Anniversary''' ni maadhimisho ya kihistoria ya miaka 25 ya Wikipedia, hazina kubwa zaidi ya maarifa huru duniani. Nchini Tanzania, hasa katika mkoa wa Tabora, tunaungana na jumuiya ya kimataifa ya Wikimedia kusherehekea mafanikio haya kwa kuimarisha maudhui yetu ya ndani na kuongeza ushiriki wa jamii katika maarifa huru. 

Kupitia kampeni hii, washiriki watapata nafasi ya kuchangia kwa kuandika na kuboresha makala mbalimbali zinazoakisi historia ya jamii yetu, maendeleo ya ndani, na utamaduni wetu, huku tukikumbuka mchango wa Wikipedia katika elimu na upatikanaji wa taarifa huru kwa miaka 25 iliyopita.

===''English''===
'''Wikipedia 25th Anniversary''' is a historic celebration of 25 years of Wikipedia, the world's largest repository of free knowledge. In Tanzania, particularly in the Tabora region, we are joining the global Wikimedia community to celebrate this milestone by strengthening our local content and increasing community participation in free knowledge. 

Through this campaign, participants will have the opportunity to contribute by writing and improving articles that reflect our local history, community development, and culture, while reflecting on Wikipedia's contribution to education and free access to information over the past 25 years.

== Dhamira / ''Theme'' ==
'''Celebrating 25 Years of Free Knowledge''' (''Sw'': '''Kusherehekea Miaka 25 ya Maarifa Huru''')

== Lini? / ''When?''==
'''30 Juni 2026''' - '''31 Agosti 2026'''.

== Malengo / ''Goals'' ==
* Kuadhimisha miaka 25 ya Wikipedia kwa kuandika na kuboresha angalau makala 50 zinazohusu historia ya jamii yetu na maendeleo ya ndani.
* Kutambua na kuwapongeza wachangiaji wa muda mrefu wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili kutoka Tabora na Tanzania kwa ujumla.
* Kuvutia na kutoa mafunzo kwa wahariri wapya ili kuhakikisha maarifa huru yanaendelea kukua kwa vizazi vijavyo.

===''English''===
*To celebrate 25 years of Wikipedia by creating and improving atleast 50 articles related to our local history and community development.
*To recognize and honor long-term contributors to the Swahili Wikipedia from the Tabora and Tanzania community as whole.
*To attract and train new editors to ensure that free knowledge continues to grow for future generations.

[[Jamii:Editathons swwiki]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Koudiat Acerdoune</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-26T03:27:02Z</timestamp>
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        <id>41439</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="1080" sha1="cngpq0h7lcdmbuqsqvei16i7kod13kb" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Koudiat Acerdoune''' ni bwawa la aina ya ''gravity dam'' lililopo takribani kilomita 9.5 kusini-magharibi mwa Kadiria kwenye Mto Isser katika Mkoa wa Bouïra nchini [[Aljeria|Algeria]].

Bwawa hili lilijengwa kati ya mwaka 2002 na 2008 kwa kutumia teknolojia ya ''roller-compacted concrete''. Lengo lake kuu ni kutoa maji kwa matumizi ya viwandani, umwagiliaji na matumizi ya majumbani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=PERI GmbH - Koudiat Acerdoune Dam, Algeria|url=http://www.peri.de/ww/en/projects.cfm/fuseaction/showreference/reference_ID/1977/referencecategory_ID/22.cfm|work=www.peri.de|accessdate=2026-06-25|archive-date=2011-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930153516/http://www.peri.de/ww/en/projects.cfm/fuseaction/showreference/reference_ID/1977/referencecategory_ID/22.cfm|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Epiroc in your region|url=https://www.epiroc.com/sys/splash|work=Epiroc|accessdate=2026-06-25|author=Epiroc}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Algeria}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Algeria]]</text>
      <sha1>cngpq0h7lcdmbuqsqvei16i7kod13kb</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Event:Wikipedia 25 - Tabora/Matunzio</title>
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      <id>1576481</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T12:00:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center; margin-bottom:10px;&quot;&gt; [[File:WP25 potential birthday logo.svg|center|frameless|1400x1400px]] &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div style=&quot;width:600px; margin:auto; display:flex; justify-content:space-around; border-bottom:1px solid #ddd; text-align:center;&quot;&gt;  &lt;div style=&quot;flex:1; padding-bottom:5px;&quot;&gt; [[Event:Wikipedia 25 - Tabora|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#777; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;Kuhusu Tukio / About&lt;/span&gt;]] &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div style=&quot;flex:1; padd...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="831" sha1="enkw8j0lnvx5pa9whhitjv4rgpjvj2u" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center; margin-bottom:10px;&quot;&gt;
[[File:WP25 potential birthday logo.svg|center|frameless|1400x1400px]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;width:600px; margin:auto; display:flex; justify-content:space-around; border-bottom:1px solid #ddd; text-align:center;&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;flex:1; padding-bottom:5px;&quot;&gt;
[[Event:Wikipedia 25 - Tabora|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#777; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;Kuhusu Tukio / About&lt;/span&gt;]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;flex:1; padding-bottom:5px;&quot;&gt;
[[Event:Wikipedia 25 - Tabora/Makala|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#777; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;Makala / Articles List&lt;/span&gt;]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;flex:1; border-bottom:3px solid #005696; padding-bottom:5px;&quot;&gt;
[[Event:Wikipedia 25 - Tabora/Matunzio|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#333; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;Matunzio / Gallery&lt;/span&gt;]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Kossou</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-25T12:12:54Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Kossou''' ni bwawa la kujazwa udongo (embankment dam) lililojengwa kwenye Mto Bandama, takribani kilomita 32 kaskazini-magharibi mwa mji wa Yamoussoukro nchini [[Côte d'Ivoire]].  Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuzalisha umeme wa maji wa megawati 174 (takribani hp 233,000), ambao unatosha kuhudumia zaidi ya nyumba 118,000.  Pia, bwawa hili liliunda Ziwa Kossou, ambalo ni ziwa kubwa zaidi nchini Côte d'Ivoire.  Kossou Dam ni moja ya miundombinu muhi...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="708" sha1="jnaml31ufg82jsrifo1407q98k1y7tz" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Kossou''' ni bwawa la kujazwa udongo (embankment dam) lililojengwa kwenye Mto Bandama, takribani kilomita 32 kaskazini-magharibi mwa mji wa Yamoussoukro nchini [[Côte d'Ivoire]].

Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuzalisha umeme wa maji wa megawati 174 (takribani hp 233,000), ambao unatosha kuhudumia zaidi ya nyumba 118,000.

Pia, bwawa hili liliunda Ziwa Kossou, ambalo ni ziwa kubwa zaidi nchini Côte d'Ivoire.

Kossou Dam ni moja ya miundombinu muhimu ya nishati na maji nchini humo, likisaidia uzalishaji wa umeme na maendeleo ya kilimo katika maeneo yanayolizunguka.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Cote d'Ivoire}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Cote d'Ivoire]]</text>
      <sha1>jnaml31ufg82jsrifo1407q98k1y7tz</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Koromojo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241514</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576484</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T12:32:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Koromojo''', ambalo pia linajulikana kama Bwawa la Mwambe , linarejelea mabwawa mawili ya aina ya ''embankment'' (Upper na Lower) yaliyo kwenye Mto Mwabanda kaskazini mwa Msambweni katika eneo la kusini-mashariki mwa [[Kenya]].  Bwawa la Upper Koromojo lilijengwa katika miaka ya 1920, huku Lower Koromojo likikamilishwa mwaka 1957 na kampuni ya Associated Sugar.  Mabwawa haya yalikuwa na lengo la kusaidia shughuli za kilimo, hasa katika maeneo y...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="1003" sha1="nmjevpgf53oaqdt3xyhyox72dpyfa6e" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Koromojo''', ambalo pia linajulikana kama Bwawa la Mwambe , linarejelea mabwawa mawili ya aina ya ''embankment'' (Upper na Lower) yaliyo kwenye Mto Mwabanda kaskazini mwa Msambweni katika eneo la kusini-mashariki mwa [[Kenya]].

Bwawa la Upper Koromojo lilijengwa katika miaka ya 1920, huku Lower Koromojo likikamilishwa mwaka 1957 na kampuni ya Associated Sugar.

Mabwawa haya yalikuwa na lengo la kusaidia shughuli za kilimo, hasa katika maeneo ya mashamba ya miwa na maendeleo ya kiuchumi ya eneo hilo.

Koromojo Dam ni mfano wa miundombinu ya mapema ya umwagiliaji na usimamizi wa maji katika ukanda wa pwani ya Kenya, ikichangia maendeleo ya kilimo cha biashara katika kipindi cha karne ya 20.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Koromojo Dam Essential Tips and Information|url=https://trek.zone/en/kenya/places/649950/koromojo-dam|work=Trek Zone|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Kenya}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Kenya]]</text>
      <sha1>nmjevpgf53oaqdt3xyhyox72dpyfa6e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Keddara</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241515</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576494</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:35:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Keddara''' (pia Barrage Keddara) ni bwawa la kujazwa udongo (embankment dam) lililopo takribani kilomita 6 kaskazini-magharibi mwa Keddara kwenye Mto Boudouaou katika Mkoa wa Boumerdès nchini [[Aljeria|Algeria]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Keddara {{!}} Algerie - Hidrotehnika - Hidroenergetika a.d.|url=http://www.hidroenergetika.rs/en/algerie/keddara/|work=www.hidroenergetika.rs|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-gb|author=Branislav Maksin}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;re...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="1071" sha1="e5b8yfqx8sbzxdhkzzcbk4t6wyhvub1" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Keddara''' (pia Barrage Keddara) ni bwawa la kujazwa udongo (embankment dam) lililopo takribani kilomita 6 kaskazini-magharibi mwa Keddara kwenye Mto Boudouaou katika Mkoa wa Boumerdès nchini [[Aljeria|Algeria]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Keddara {{!}} Algerie - Hidrotehnika - Hidroenergetika a.d.|url=http://www.hidroenergetika.rs/en/algerie/keddara/|work=www.hidroenergetika.rs|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-gb|author=Branislav Maksin}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Projects in Serbia {{!}} Hydro-Engineering Projects {{!}} Keddara embankment dam @ SerbiaConstruction.com|url=http://www.serbiaconstruction.com/projects/keddara-embankment-dam/|work=www.serbiaconstruction.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lilijengwa kati ya mwaka 1982 na 1987 na kampuni ya Kiserbia ya Hidrotehnika. Lengo lake kuu ni kusambaza maji kwa ajili ya matumizi ya majumbani na kilimo, hasa kwa mji wa Algiers, ambao upo takribani kilomita 35 magharibi.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Algeria}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Algeria]]</text>
      <sha1>e5b8yfqx8sbzxdhkzzcbk4t6wyhvub1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576631</id>
      <parentid>1576494</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T03:27:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>41439</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1216" sha1="tut0mrof07rf74ayobobxwuhalq3gbw" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Keddara''' (pia Barrage Keddara) ni bwawa la kujazwa udongo (embankment dam) lililopo takribani kilomita 6 kaskazini-magharibi mwa Keddara kwenye Mto Boudouaou katika Mkoa wa Boumerdès nchini [[Aljeria|Algeria]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Keddara {{!}} Algerie - Hidrotehnika - Hidroenergetika a.d.|url=http://www.hidroenergetika.rs/en/algerie/keddara/|work=www.hidroenergetika.rs|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-gb|author=Branislav Maksin|archive-date=2021-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210715120433/http://www.hidroenergetika.rs/en/algerie/keddara/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Projects in Serbia {{!}} Hydro-Engineering Projects {{!}} Keddara embankment dam @ SerbiaConstruction.com|url=http://www.serbiaconstruction.com/projects/keddara-embankment-dam/|work=www.serbiaconstruction.com|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lilijengwa kati ya mwaka 1982 na 1987 na kampuni ya Kiserbia ya Hidrotehnika. Lengo lake kuu ni kusambaza maji kwa ajili ya matumizi ya majumbani na kilimo, hasa kwa mji wa Algiers, ambao upo takribani kilomita 35 magharibi.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Algeria}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Algeria]]</text>
      <sha1>tut0mrof07rf74ayobobxwuhalq3gbw</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Kasserine</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241516</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576495</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:41:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Kasserine''' lilikuwa bwawa la Warumi lililojengwa katika eneo la Kasserine (zamani likijulikana kama Cillium) nchini [[Tunisia]].  Muundo huu wa kale unarudi karne ya 2 BK (2nd century AD) na ni mfano wa miundombinu ya maji ya Kirumi iliyotumika kudhibiti na kuhifadhi maji kwa matumizi ya [[kilimo]] na makazi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ARCH DAMS|url=https://www.traianvs.net/textos/archdams_en.htm|work=www.traianvs.net|acce...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="594" sha1="c9rhjp0j64ecjfyb1hn5w1uevwizb1h" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Kasserine''' lilikuwa bwawa la Warumi lililojengwa katika eneo la Kasserine (zamani likijulikana kama Cillium) nchini [[Tunisia]].

Muundo huu wa kale unarudi karne ya 2 BK (2nd century AD) na ni mfano wa miundombinu ya maji ya Kirumi iliyotumika kudhibiti na kuhifadhi maji kwa matumizi ya [[kilimo]] na makazi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ARCH DAMS|url=https://www.traianvs.net/textos/archdams_en.htm|work=www.traianvs.net|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Tunisia]]</text>
      <sha1>c9rhjp0j64ecjfyb1hn5w1uevwizb1h</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Jebel Aulia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>1576497</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:48:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Jebel''' Aulia ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto White Nile karibu na mji wa Khartoum nchini [[Sudan]].  Ujenzi wa bwawa hili ulianza mwaka 1933 na kukamilika mwaka 1937. Wakati wa kukamilika kwake, lilikuwa bwawa kubwa zaidi duniani kwa wakati huo.  Bwawa hili lilijengwa katika kipindi cha ukoloni wa Anglo-Egypt Sudan na lilikuwa na lengo kuu la kusaidia usimamizi wa maji ya Nile, hasa kwa ajili ya kilimo na udhibiti wa mtiririko wa [[maji]].&lt;r...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="927" sha1="jza2ykd30oj46ci7uipq07xcc6a2qxh" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Jebel''' Aulia ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto White Nile karibu na mji wa Khartoum nchini [[Sudan]].

Ujenzi wa bwawa hili ulianza mwaka 1933 na kukamilika mwaka 1937. Wakati wa kukamilika kwake, lilikuwa bwawa kubwa zaidi duniani kwa wakati huo.

Bwawa hili lilijengwa katika kipindi cha ukoloni wa Anglo-Egypt Sudan na lilikuwa na lengo kuu la kusaidia usimamizi wa maji ya Nile, hasa kwa ajili ya kilimo na udhibiti wa mtiririko wa [[maji]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|last=SudanTribune|title=White Nile floodwaters engulf new areas, RSF blames army - Sudan Tribune|date=2024-12-23|url=https://sudantribune.com/article295013/|work=Sudan Tribune|language=en-US|access-date=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Jebel Aulia Dam linabaki kuwa moja ya miundombinu ya kihistoria muhimu katika mfumo wa maji wa Mto Nile nchini Sudan.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Sudan}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Sudan]]</text>
      <sha1>jza2ykd30oj46ci7uipq07xcc6a2qxh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Samia (Mwanamuziki)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241518</id>
    <redirect title="Samia (mwanamuziki)" />
    <revision>
      <id>1576505</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T13:57:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Samia (Mwanamuziki)]] hadi [[Samia (mwanamuziki)]]: urahisi wa kuupata</comment>
      <origin>1576505</origin>
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      <text bytes="33" sha1="b92ti5udy0aki2cppdt7jvwrnieqgzn" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Samia (mwanamuziki)]]</text>
      <sha1>b92ti5udy0aki2cppdt7jvwrnieqgzn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jamii:Waandishi wa Cuba</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>241519</id>
    <redirect title="Jamii:Waandishi wa Kuba" />
    <revision>
      <id>1576527</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:27:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Cuba]] hadi [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Kuba]]</comment>
      <origin>1576527</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38" sha1="q4nmfaqjvs21aceddrscswub0kszxst" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[:Jamii:Waandishi wa Kuba]]</text>
      <sha1>q4nmfaqjvs21aceddrscswub0kszxst</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Imboulou</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241520</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576546</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:50:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa''' '''la''' '''Imboulou''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto Léfini, katika mpaka wa Mikoa ya Djoué-Léfini na Plateaux nchini Republic of the [[Congo]]. Bwawa hili lipo takribani kilomita 300 kaskazini mwa mji mkuu wa Brazzaville.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Why Understanding Police Checks in Australia Matters for Journalists {{!}} Brazzaville Adiac|url=https://www.brazzaville-adiac.com/|work=Why Understanding Police Checks in Australia Matters for Jou...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="1502" sha1="99cs3zrdq3mzm47je2o4e0jgzfcwf0q" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa''' '''la''' '''Imboulou''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto Léfini, katika mpaka wa Mikoa ya Djoué-Léfini na Plateaux nchini Republic of the [[Congo]]. Bwawa hili lipo takribani kilomita 300 kaskazini mwa mji mkuu wa Brazzaville.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Why Understanding Police Checks in Australia Matters for Journalists {{!}} Brazzaville Adiac|url=https://www.brazzaville-adiac.com/|work=Why Understanding Police Checks in Australia Matters for Journalists {{!}} Brazzaville Adiac|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hilo lilizinduliwa rasmi tarehe 7 Mei 2011 na Denis Sassou-Nguesso.

Imboulou Dam ni mradi muhimu wa uzalishaji wa umeme wa maji nchini humo, ukiwa na mchango mkubwa katika kuongeza upatikanaji wa umeme kwa wananchi na kusaidia maendeleo ya viwanda na uchumi wa taifa.

Kwa kuwa ni moja ya miradi mikubwa ya nishati nchini Kongo, bwawa hili limekuwa sehemu muhimu ya juhudi za kuimarisha miundombinu ya umeme na kupunguza upungufu wa nishati katika nchi hiyo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Fichtner Water &amp; Transportation - Assessment of the weir in Beihingen on the Neckar river / Germany|url=http://www.fwt.fichtner.de/php/main/page/php/referenzen.php/on/1/z/1/ukat_id/6/kat_id/3/sprache/e/li/0re_w|work=www.fwt.fichtner.de|accessdate=2026-06-25|author=Fichtner Water &amp; Transportation GmbH}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1576630</id>
      <parentid>1576546</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T03:25:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>41439</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>1576630</origin>
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      <text bytes="1704" sha1="mrujt3keqz1bex6insttuubbj4nt6df" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa''' '''la''' '''Imboulou''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto Léfini, katika mpaka wa Mikoa ya Djoué-Léfini na Plateaux nchini Republic of the [[Congo]]. Bwawa hili lipo takribani kilomita 300 kaskazini mwa mji mkuu wa Brazzaville.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Why Understanding Police Checks in Australia Matters for Journalists {{!}} Brazzaville Adiac|url=https://www.brazzaville-adiac.com/|work=Why Understanding Police Checks in Australia Matters for Journalists {{!}} Brazzaville Adiac|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hilo lilizinduliwa rasmi tarehe 7 Mei 2011 na Denis Sassou-Nguesso.

Imboulou Dam ni mradi muhimu wa uzalishaji wa umeme wa maji nchini humo, ukiwa na mchango mkubwa katika kuongeza upatikanaji wa umeme kwa wananchi na kusaidia maendeleo ya viwanda na uchumi wa taifa.

Kwa kuwa ni moja ya miradi mikubwa ya nishati nchini Kongo, bwawa hili limekuwa sehemu muhimu ya juhudi za kuimarisha miundombinu ya umeme na kupunguza upungufu wa nishati katika nchi hiyo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Fichtner Water &amp; Transportation - Assessment of the weir in Beihingen on the Neckar river / Germany|url=http://www.fwt.fichtner.de/php/main/page/php/referenzen.php/on/1/z/1/ukat_id/6/kat_id/3/sprache/e/li/0re_w|work=www.fwt.fichtner.de|accessdate=2026-06-25|author=Fichtner Water &amp; Transportation GmbH|archive-date=2012-03-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323130507/http://www.fwt.fichtner.de/php/main/page/php/referenzen.php/on/1/z/1/ukat_id/6/kat_id/3/sprache/e/li/0re_w|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]</text>
      <sha1>mrujt3keqz1bex6insttuubbj4nt6df</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Ikere Gorge</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241521</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576547</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T14:58:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Ikere Gorge''' ni bwawa kubwa la udongo (''earth-fill dam'') lililopo katika eneo la Serikali ya Mtaa ya Iseyin, Jimbo la Oyo, kusini-magharibi mwa [[Nigeria]]. Limejengwa kwenye Mto Ogun na lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo milioni 690 za [[maji]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ikere Gorge Dam: A Sleeping Giant That Western Nigeria Must Awaken|url=https://parrotreporters.com/ikere-gorge-dam-a-sleeping-giant-that-western-nigeria-must-awake...'</comment>
      <origin>1576547</origin>
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      <text bytes="678" sha1="h793jg5tv5t6wsjpr40jazwuy3slsix" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Ikere Gorge''' ni bwawa kubwa la udongo (''earth-fill dam'') lililopo katika eneo la Serikali ya Mtaa ya Iseyin, Jimbo la Oyo, kusini-magharibi mwa [[Nigeria]]. Limejengwa kwenye Mto Ogun na lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo milioni 690 za [[maji]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ikere Gorge Dam: A Sleeping Giant That Western Nigeria Must Awaken|url=https://parrotreporters.com/ikere-gorge-dam-a-sleeping-giant-that-western-nigeria-must-awaken/|work=Parrot Reporters|date=2026-01-18|accessdate=2026-06-25|language=en-US|author=Reporter}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Nigeria}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Nigeria]]</text>
      <sha1>h793jg5tv5t6wsjpr40jazwuy3slsix</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Hombolo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241522</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576548</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T15:02:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Hombolo''' ni bwawa lililopo katika kijiji cha Hombolo-Bwawani, katika Wilaya ya [[Dodoma (mji)|Dodoma]] Vijijini, Mkoa wa Dodoma Region nchini [[Tanzania]].  Bwawa hili lilijengwa mwaka 1957 na serikali ya kikoloni kwa madhumuni mbalimbali ya maendeleo ya jamii. Malengo makuu ya ujenzi wake yalikuwa:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Source book for the inland fishery resources of Africa Vol. 1|url=https://www.fao.org/4/t0473e/T0473E10.htm|work=www.fao.org...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="609" sha1="d19pzu47i49nwmpl5g2aabjg5nqn3kz" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Hombolo''' ni bwawa lililopo katika kijiji cha Hombolo-Bwawani, katika Wilaya ya [[Dodoma (mji)|Dodoma]] Vijijini, Mkoa wa Dodoma Region nchini [[Tanzania]].

Bwawa hili lilijengwa mwaka 1957 na serikali ya kikoloni kwa madhumuni mbalimbali ya maendeleo ya jamii. Malengo makuu ya ujenzi wake yalikuwa:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Source book for the inland fishery resources of Africa Vol. 1|url=https://www.fao.org/4/t0473e/T0473E10.htm|work=www.fao.org|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Tanzania}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Tanzania]]</text>
      <sha1>d19pzu47i49nwmpl5g2aabjg5nqn3kz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Hassan II</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241523</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576549</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T15:07:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika 'Bwawa la Hassan II, ambalo pia linajulikana kama Sidi Said Dam, ni bwawa la aina ya ''gravity dam'' lililojengwa kwenye Mto Moulouya, takribani kilomita 13 kaskazini mwa Midelt katika Mkoa wa Midelt nchini Morocco.  Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi hadi mita za ujazo milioni 400 za maji.  == Marejeo == &lt;references /&gt; {{Mbegu-jio}} [[Jamii:AWC 2026]] [[Jamii:Maji]] [[Jamii:Jiografia ya Moroko]]'</comment>
      <origin>1576549</origin>
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      <text bytes="398" sha1="jujgx29blc43id8y20osoomoacn2z8f" xml:space="preserve">Bwawa la Hassan II, ambalo pia linajulikana kama Sidi Said Dam, ni bwawa la aina ya ''gravity dam'' lililojengwa kwenye Mto Moulouya, takribani kilomita 13 kaskazini mwa Midelt katika Mkoa wa Midelt nchini Morocco.

Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi hadi mita za ujazo milioni 400 za maji.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Moroko]]</text>
      <sha1>jujgx29blc43id8y20osoomoacn2z8f</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Omatako</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241524</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576550</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T15:18:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Omatako''' ni bwawa la udongo (''earth-fill embankment dam'') lililopo takribani kilomita 100 kaskazini mwa Okahandja katika Mkoa wa Otjozondjupa Region nchini [[Namibia]].  Bwawa hili limepewa jina kutokana na Omatako Mountains na limejengwa kwenye Mto Omatako, ambao ni mto wa msimu unaotiririka wakati wa mvua. Katika lugha ya Oshiwambo, neno “Omatako” linamaanisha “makalio,” likirejelea umbo la milima ya Omatako inayofanana na sehemu...'</comment>
      <origin>1576550</origin>
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      <text bytes="963" sha1="5soxz3vrxn2r05rwdyni910x84vrd3s" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Omatako''' ni bwawa la udongo (''earth-fill embankment dam'') lililopo takribani kilomita 100 kaskazini mwa Okahandja katika Mkoa wa Otjozondjupa Region nchini [[Namibia]].

Bwawa hili limepewa jina kutokana na Omatako Mountains na limejengwa kwenye Mto Omatako, ambao ni mto wa msimu unaotiririka wakati wa mvua. Katika lugha ya Oshiwambo, neno “Omatako” linamaanisha “makalio,” likirejelea umbo la milima ya Omatako inayofanana na sehemu hiyo ya mwili.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NamWater Ltd {{!}} NamWater Ltd|url=https://www.namwater.com.na/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=67&amp;Itemid=68|work=www.namwater.com.na|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=- The Namibian|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/51389/read/NamWater-opens-Hardap-Dam-sluices|work=The Namibian|language=en|access-date=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Namibia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Namibia]]</text>
      <sha1>5soxz3vrxn2r05rwdyni910x84vrd3s</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576638</id>
      <parentid>1576550</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T03:27:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>41439</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>1576638</origin>
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      <text bytes="1035" sha1="mlc6xkx7g8vxfvw7jtncb1fqgbss4rg" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Omatako''' ni bwawa la udongo (''earth-fill embankment dam'') lililopo takribani kilomita 100 kaskazini mwa Okahandja katika Mkoa wa Otjozondjupa Region nchini [[Namibia]].

Bwawa hili limepewa jina kutokana na Omatako Mountains na limejengwa kwenye Mto Omatako, ambao ni mto wa msimu unaotiririka wakati wa mvua. Katika lugha ya Oshiwambo, neno “Omatako” linamaanisha “makalio,” likirejelea umbo la milima ya Omatako inayofanana na sehemu hiyo ya mwili.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NamWater Ltd {{!}} NamWater Ltd|url=https://www.namwater.com.na/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=67&amp;Itemid=68|work=www.namwater.com.na|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=- The Namibian|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/51389/read/NamWater-opens-Hardap-Dam-sluices|work=The Namibian|language=en|access-date=2026-06-25}}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Namibia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Namibia]]</text>
      <sha1>mlc6xkx7g8vxfvw7jtncb1fqgbss4rg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Oanob</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241525</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576551</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T15:23:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Oanob''' ni bwawa lililopo nje ya mji wa Rehoboth katika Mkoa wa Hardap Region nchini [[Namibia]].  Bwawa hili lipo takribani kilomita 7 kutoka Rehoboth na limejengwa kwenye Mto Oanob. Kazi yake kuu ni kusambaza maji kwa mji wa Rehoboth, ambapo hutoa sehemu kubwa ya maji yanayotumiwa na wakazi wa mji huo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Namibia Water Corporation Ltd [NamWater] :: Infrastructure : Dams : Oanob|url=http://www.namwater.com.na/data/dams/oanob...'</comment>
      <origin>1576551</origin>
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      <text bytes="799" sha1="2tx6be94vaizigr05j5d6sl0v9hnzub" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Oanob''' ni bwawa lililopo nje ya mji wa Rehoboth katika Mkoa wa Hardap Region nchini [[Namibia]].

Bwawa hili lipo takribani kilomita 7 kutoka Rehoboth na limejengwa kwenye Mto Oanob. Kazi yake kuu ni kusambaza maji kwa mji wa Rehoboth, ambapo hutoa sehemu kubwa ya maji yanayotumiwa na wakazi wa mji huo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Namibia Water Corporation Ltd [NamWater] :: Infrastructure : Dams : Oanob|url=http://www.namwater.com.na/data/dams/oanob.html|work=www.namwater.com.na|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Oanob Dam lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo milioni 34.5 za maji. Ujenzi wake ulikamilika mwaka 1990, ambao pia ulikuwa mwaka wa uhuru wa Namibia.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Namibia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Namibia]]</text>
      <sha1>2tx6be94vaizigr05j5d6sl0v9hnzub</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kituo cha Umememaji cha Fincha</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241526</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576552</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T15:28:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kituo cha Umeme cha Fincha''' (Fincha Power Station) ni kituo cha kuzalisha umeme wa maji kilichopo karibu na mji wa Fincha katika eneo la magharibi mwa [[Ethiopia]].  Kituo hiki hupokea maji kutoka Chomen Lake na kuyamwaga katika Mto Fincha baada ya kutumika kuzalisha [[umeme]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tefera |first=Bezuayehu |last2=Sterk |first2=Geert |date=2008-02 |title=Hydropower-Induced Land Use Change in Fincha'a Watershed, Western Ethiopia: Ana...'</comment>
      <origin>1576552</origin>
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      <text bytes="928" sha1="jssgs3hhbh0k1bkgfovt6mjsefqqret" xml:space="preserve">'''Kituo cha Umeme cha Fincha''' (Fincha Power Station) ni kituo cha kuzalisha umeme wa maji kilichopo karibu na mji wa Fincha katika eneo la magharibi mwa [[Ethiopia]].

Kituo hiki hupokea maji kutoka Chomen Lake na kuyamwaga katika Mto Fincha baada ya kutumika kuzalisha [[umeme]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tefera |first=Bezuayehu |last2=Sterk |first2=Geert |date=2008-02 |title=Hydropower-Induced Land Use Change in Fincha'a Watershed, Western Ethiopia: Analysis and Impacts |url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1659/mrd.0811 |journal=Mountain Research and Development |language=en |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=72–80 |doi=10.1659/mrd.0811 |issn=0276-4741}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Fincha Power Station kina uwezo wa kuzalisha megawati 100 za umeme (takribani hp 130,000), kiwango kinachotosha kuhudumia zaidi ya nyumba 66,900.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Ethiopia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Ethiopia]]</text>
      <sha1>jssgs3hhbh0k1bkgfovt6mjsefqqret</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576556</id>
      <parentid>1576552</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T17:41:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gayle-Bot</username>
        <id>78697</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>#2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web-&gt;Rejea tovuti, Cite journal-&gt;Rejea jarida, Cite book-&gt;Rejea kitabu, Cite news-&gt;Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced.</comment>
      <origin>1576556</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="928" sha1="fi1winoio0ktdjc0fet9fy302fwp91b" xml:space="preserve">'''Kituo cha Umeme cha Fincha''' (Fincha Power Station) ni kituo cha kuzalisha umeme wa maji kilichopo karibu na mji wa Fincha katika eneo la magharibi mwa [[Ethiopia]].

Kituo hiki hupokea maji kutoka Chomen Lake na kuyamwaga katika Mto Fincha baada ya kutumika kuzalisha [[umeme]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Rejea jarida |last=Tefera |first=Bezuayehu |last2=Sterk |first2=Geert |date=2008-02 |title=Hydropower-Induced Land Use Change in Fincha'a Watershed, Western Ethiopia: Analysis and Impacts |url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1659/mrd.0811 |journal=Mountain Research and Development |language=en |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=72–80 |doi=10.1659/mrd.0811 |issn=0276-4741}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Fincha Power Station kina uwezo wa kuzalisha megawati 100 za umeme (takribani hp 130,000), kiwango kinachotosha kuhudumia zaidi ya nyumba 66,900.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Ethiopia}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Ethiopia]]</text>
      <sha1>fi1winoio0ktdjc0fet9fy302fwp91b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Djorf Torba</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241527</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576553</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T15:32:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Djorf Torba''' ni bwawa lililopo katika Wilaya ya Kenadsa District, Mkoa wa Béchar nchini [[Aljeria|Algeria]]. Limejengwa kuvuka Mto Oued Guir, takribani kilomita 50 magharibi mwa mji wa Béchar.  Bwawa hili hutumika kwa madhumuni ya:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fao.org/aquastat/en/databases/dams/|work=www.fao.org|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;  == Marejeo == &lt;references /&gt; {{Mbegu-jio-Algeria}} [[Jamii:AWC 2026]] Jamii:Jiografia ya Algeri...'</comment>
      <origin>1576553</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="478" sha1="cahkagom7gmsfkfsux0d3v7vsspqjhd" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Djorf Torba''' ni bwawa lililopo katika Wilaya ya Kenadsa District, Mkoa wa Béchar nchini [[Aljeria|Algeria]]. Limejengwa kuvuka Mto Oued Guir, takribani kilomita 50 magharibi mwa mji wa Béchar.

Bwawa hili hutumika kwa madhumuni ya:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fao.org/aquastat/en/databases/dams/|work=www.fao.org|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Algeria}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Algeria]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]</text>
      <sha1>cahkagom7gmsfkfsux0d3v7vsspqjhd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Ain Zada</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241528</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576554</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T15:38:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Ain Zada''' ni bwawa la kujazwa udongo (''embankment dam'') lililopo takribani kilomita 10 mashariki mwa Khelil kwenye Mto Bou-Sellam katika Mkoa wa Bordj Bou Arréridj Province nchini [[Aljeria|Algeria]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ain Zada Dam Explained|url=https://everything.explained.today/Ain_Zada_Dam/|work=everything.explained.today|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bwawa hili lilijengwa kati ya mwaka 1982 na 1986. Lengo lake kuu ni kusambaza maji...'</comment>
      <origin>1576554</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="684" sha1="4mf571cz9qkxa4wwv5eltgd3e0adqvh" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Ain Zada''' ni bwawa la kujazwa udongo (''embankment dam'') lililopo takribani kilomita 10 mashariki mwa Khelil kwenye Mto Bou-Sellam katika Mkoa wa Bordj Bou Arréridj Province nchini [[Aljeria|Algeria]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ain Zada Dam Explained|url=https://everything.explained.today/Ain_Zada_Dam/|work=everything.explained.today|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lilijengwa kati ya mwaka 1982 na 1986. Lengo lake kuu ni kusambaza maji ya kunywa na maji ya umwagiliaji kwa mji wa Sétif, uliopo takribani kilomita 24 magharibi mwa bwawa hilo.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Algeria}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Algeria]]</text>
      <sha1>4mf571cz9qkxa4wwv5eltgd3e0adqvh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Glassblock</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241529</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576555</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-25T15:54:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Glassblock''' (pia linajulikana kama Bopoma Glassblock Dam) ni mradi wa bwawa lililopendekezwa kujengwa kwenye Mto Mzingwane River, kaskazini mwa Gwanda nchini [[Zimbabwe]].  Mradi huu umebuniwa na wahandisi wa shirika la [[maji]] la taifa la Zimbabwe (ZINWA) na unalenga kujengwa kama bwawa la aina ya ''zoned earth-fill embankment'', lenye urefu wa takribani kilomita 2.5 na kimo cha hadi mita 40.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Glassblock Dam identified a...'</comment>
      <origin>1576555</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="790" sha1="cl51slxsidfahtym4wo0bz0jvdmmhsl" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Glassblock''' (pia linajulikana kama Bopoma Glassblock Dam) ni mradi wa bwawa lililopendekezwa kujengwa kwenye Mto Mzingwane River, kaskazini mwa Gwanda nchini [[Zimbabwe]].

Mradi huu umebuniwa na wahandisi wa shirika la [[maji]] la taifa la Zimbabwe (ZINWA) na unalenga kujengwa kama bwawa la aina ya ''zoned earth-fill embankment'', lenye urefu wa takribani kilomita 2.5 na kimo cha hadi mita 40.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Glassblock Dam identified as urgent solution to Byo’s water shortages|url=https://www.thezimbabwean.co/2025/10/glassblock-dam-identified-as-urgent-solution-to-byos-water-shortages/|work=www.thezimbabwean.co|accessdate=2026-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]</text>
      <sha1>cl51slxsidfahtym4wo0bz0jvdmmhsl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Mzingwane</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241530</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576640</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T04:00:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Mzingwane''' ni bwawa la kuhifadhi maji lililojengwa kwenye Mzingwane River karibu na Esigodini nchini [[Zimbabwe]].  Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani [[mita]] za ujazo milioni 42 za maji na ni mojawapo ya vyanzo muhimu vya maji vinavyohudumia mji wa Bulawayo.  Bwawa la Mzingwane  lina jukumu muhimu katika kuhakikisha upatikanaji wa maji kwa matumizi ya nyumbani na shughuli nyingine za kijamii na kiuchumi katika Bulawayo na maeneo y...'</comment>
      <origin>1576640</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="879" sha1="o3xreldhwix84p4t5yqi5qw7shcaw3y" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Mzingwane''' ni bwawa la kuhifadhi maji lililojengwa kwenye Mzingwane River karibu na Esigodini nchini [[Zimbabwe]].

Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani [[mita]] za ujazo milioni 42 za maji na ni mojawapo ya vyanzo muhimu vya maji vinavyohudumia mji wa Bulawayo.

Bwawa la Mzingwane  lina jukumu muhimu katika kuhakikisha upatikanaji wa maji kwa matumizi ya nyumbani na shughuli nyingine za kijamii na kiuchumi katika Bulawayo na maeneo ya jirani. Bwawa hili ni sehemu ya mfumo wa mabwawa unaosaidia kukabiliana na changamoto za upungufu wa [[Majiranukta|maji]] katika kusini-magharibi mwa Zimbabwe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mzingwane Dam|url=https://grokipedia.com/page/mzingwane_dam|work=Grokipedia|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]</text>
      <sha1>o3xreldhwix84p4t5yqi5qw7shcaw3y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Oakley Block</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241531</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576642</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T04:10:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Oakley Block''' ni [[mradi]] wa [[bwawa]] la kuhifadhi maji uliopendekezwa kujengwa kwenye Mzingwane River, kusini mwa Nicholson nchini [[Zimbabwe]].  Mradi huu unatarajiwa kuunda hifadhi ya maji yenye uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo [[milioni]] 41.  Oakley Block Dam ni sehemu ya mipango ya Zimbabwe ya kuimarisha usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji, kwa lengo la kuongeza upatikanaji wa [[maji]] kwa matumizi ya nyumbani, kilimo na shughul...'</comment>
      <origin>1576642</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="810" sha1="cq7u9p3s8i3ndshgi0k23dkoxk7ntok" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Oakley Block''' ni [[mradi]] wa [[bwawa]] la kuhifadhi maji uliopendekezwa kujengwa kwenye Mzingwane River, kusini mwa Nicholson nchini [[Zimbabwe]].

Mradi huu unatarajiwa kuunda hifadhi ya maji yenye uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo [[milioni]] 41.

Oakley Block Dam ni sehemu ya mipango ya Zimbabwe ya kuimarisha usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji, kwa lengo la kuongeza upatikanaji wa [[maji]] kwa matumizi ya nyumbani, kilimo na shughuli nyingine za [[maendeleo]] katika maeneo yanayozunguka Bonde la Mto Mzingwane.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Oakley Block Dam|url=https://search.co.zw/wiki/oakley-block-dam/|work=Search Zimbabwe|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]</text>
      <sha1>cq7u9p3s8i3ndshgi0k23dkoxk7ntok</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Zhovhe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241532</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576643</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T04:14:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Zhovhe''' ni bwawa la kuhifadhi maji lililojengwa kwenye Mto Mzingwane nchini [[Zimbabwe]]. Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo [[milioni]] 133 za maji.  Bwawa hili hutumika kusambaza maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mashamba ya kibiashara na pia kutoa maji kwa [[mji]] wa Beitbridge.  == Maendeleo == Bwawa la Zhovhe lipo katika eneo la Beitbridge, mashariki mwa barabara kuu ya Beitbridge–Bulawayo, katika Kanda ya Tano y...'</comment>
      <origin>1576643</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1145" sha1="69j5z6u8qeh22njfyhkdtit2z77tpp0" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Zhovhe''' ni bwawa la kuhifadhi maji lililojengwa kwenye Mto Mzingwane nchini [[Zimbabwe]]. Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo [[milioni]] 133 za maji.

Bwawa hili hutumika kusambaza maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mashamba ya kibiashara na pia kutoa maji kwa [[mji]] wa Beitbridge.

== Maendeleo ==
Bwawa la Zhovhe lipo katika eneo la Beitbridge, mashariki mwa barabara kuu ya Beitbridge–Bulawayo, katika Kanda ya Tano ya Zimbabwe. Ni mojawapo ya mabwawa makubwa kumi nchini na limechangia kubadilisha eneo lililokuwa kame kuwa eneo lenye shughuli za [[kilimo]] kupitia miradi ya umwagiliaji.

Mbali na kuhifadhi na kusambaza maji, bwawa hili pia lina nyumba ya kulala wageni yenye vyumba 30 inayoweza kuhudumia hadi watu 100, hivyo kuchangia [[maendeleo]] ya [[utalii]] na uchumi wa eneo hilo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Zhovhe Dam - Zimbabwe A World Of Wonders|url=https://www.zimbabwetourism.net/listing/zhovhe-dam/|work=www.zimbabwetourism.net|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]</text>
      <sha1>69j5z6u8qeh22njfyhkdtit2z77tpp0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Tokwe Mukosi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241533</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576645</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T04:19:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Tokwe Mukosi''', ambalo pia linajulikana kama Bwawa la Tugwi Mukosi,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dam Levels - Zinwa|url=https://zinwa.co.zw/dam-levels/|date=2026-03-19|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni [[bwawa]] la mawe lenye uso wa zege lililojengwa kwenye Mto Tokwe, chini kidogo ya makutano yake na Mto Mukosi, takribani [[kilomita]] 72 kusini mwa mji wa Masvingo katika Mkoa wa Masvingo nchini Zimbabwe.  Bwawa hili lina urefu wa mita 90.3...'</comment>
      <origin>1576645</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2158" sha1="8x6rldulb6io963ywq28ome6noa4nbv" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Tokwe Mukosi''', ambalo pia linajulikana kama Bwawa la Tugwi Mukosi,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dam Levels - Zinwa|url=https://zinwa.co.zw/dam-levels/|date=2026-03-19|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni [[bwawa]] la mawe lenye uso wa zege lililojengwa kwenye Mto Tokwe, chini kidogo ya makutano yake na Mto Mukosi, takribani [[kilomita]] 72 kusini mwa mji wa Masvingo katika Mkoa wa Masvingo nchini Zimbabwe.

Bwawa hili lina urefu wa mita 90.3 na limeunda hifadhi ya maji yenye uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo bilioni 1.75, ikiwa ndiyo hifadhi kubwa zaidi ya maji ya ndani nchini Zimbabwe. Pia lina kituo cha kuzalisha umeme wa maji chenye uwezo wa [[megawati]] 12.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Cheap design linked to problems at Tokwe-Mukosi|url=http://nehandaradio.com/2014/02/15/cheap-design-linked-problems-tokwe-mukosi/|work=Nehanda Radio|date=2014-02-15|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en-US|author=Nehanda Radio}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ujenzi wa bwawa ulianza mwezi Juni mwaka 1998 lakini ulisimama mwaka 2008. Kampuni ya Salini Impregilo ilianza kukamilisha mradi huo mwaka 2011. Mwezi Februari mwaka 2014, mafuriko makubwa yalisababisha sehemu ya upande wa chini wa bwawa kuharibika, jambo lililosababisha kuongezeka kwa maji kwenye hifadhi na kuwafanya zaidi ya watu 20,000 kuhamishwa kutoka maeneo ya juu na chini ya bwawa.

Mwezi Juni mwaka 2014, [[ujenzi]] ulisimamishwa tena kutokana na ukosefu wa fedha. Mwezi Mei mwaka 2016, serikali ilitoa dola za Marekani milioni 35 ili kuruhusu kazi kuendelea. Hatimaye, ujenzi wa bwawa ulikamilika mwezi Desemba mwaka 2016, na lilizinduliwa rasmi mwezi Mei mwaka 2017.

Bwawa la Tokwe Mukosi ni mojawapo ya miradi mikubwa zaidi ya maji nchini [[Zimbabwe]], likiwa na umuhimu mkubwa katika kuhifadhi maji, umwagiliaji, uzalishaji wa umeme na maendeleo ya [[uchumi]] wa taifa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=ROYAL88: Daftar Situs Slot Gacor Hari Ini Slot88 Gampang Menang Depo 10ribu Terpercaya|url=https://www.tugwimukosidam.com/facts/|work=ROYAL88|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=id-ID}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]</text>
      <sha1>8x6rldulb6io963ywq28ome6noa4nbv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Manyuchi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241534</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576647</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T06:18:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa''' '''la''' '''Manyuchi''' ni bwawa linalounda hifadhi ya maji kwenye Mto Mwenezi kusini mwa [[Zimbabwe]]. Lipo katika Wilaya ya Mwenezi.  Ujenzi wa bwawa hili ulifadhiliwa na Shirika la Maendeleo la Mwenezi. Lengo kuu la ujenzi wake lilikuwa kutoa maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mashamba ya michikichi ya mafuta.  Bwawa la Manyuchi lina mchango muhimu katika maendeleo ya [[kilimo]] cha umwagiliaji kusini mwa Zimbabwe, hasa katika uzalishaji wa mi...'</comment>
      <origin>1576647</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="894" sha1="oykqz4j83psqr03jsuxen43af1kyygk" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa''' '''la''' '''Manyuchi''' ni bwawa linalounda hifadhi ya maji kwenye Mto Mwenezi kusini mwa [[Zimbabwe]]. Lipo katika Wilaya ya Mwenezi.

Ujenzi wa bwawa hili ulifadhiliwa na Shirika la Maendeleo la Mwenezi. Lengo kuu la ujenzi wake lilikuwa kutoa maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mashamba ya michikichi ya mafuta.

Bwawa la Manyuchi lina mchango muhimu katika maendeleo ya [[kilimo]] cha umwagiliaji kusini mwa Zimbabwe, hasa katika uzalishaji wa michikichi ya mafuta na shughuli nyingine za kilimo katika eneo la Mwenezi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=http://unfccc.int/kyoto_mechanisms/aij/activities_implemented_jointly/items/1886.php|url=https://unfccc.int/kyoto_mechanisms/aij/activities_implemented_jointly/items/1886.php|work=unfccc.int|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]</text>
      <sha1>oykqz4j83psqr03jsuxen43af1kyygk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Mazowe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241535</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576648</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T06:22:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Mazowe''', ambalo pia linajulikana kama Bwawa la Mazoe, ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto Mazowe nchini [[Zimbabwe]], katika Milima ya Iron Mask, takribani [[kilomita]] 35 kaskazini mwa mji wa Harare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YZuuXHVPXnIC&amp;pg=PA69|title=Wetlands Ecology and Priorities for Conservation in Zimbabwe: Proceedings of a Seminar on Wetlands Ecology and Priorities for Conservation in Zimbabwe, Harare Kentucky...'</comment>
      <origin>1576648</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1260" sha1="5gpi848cwwasb5stv3ea2v5162y10mk" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Mazowe''', ambalo pia linajulikana kama Bwawa la Mazoe, ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto Mazowe nchini [[Zimbabwe]], katika Milima ya Iron Mask, takribani [[kilomita]] 35 kaskazini mwa mji wa Harare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YZuuXHVPXnIC&amp;pg=PA69|title=Wetlands Ecology and Priorities for Conservation in Zimbabwe: Proceedings of a Seminar on Wetlands Ecology and Priorities for Conservation in Zimbabwe, Harare Kentucky Airport Hotel, 13-15 January, 1992|last=Matiza|first=T.|last2=Crafter|first2=S. A.|date=1994|publisher=IUCN|isbn=978-2-8317-0202-5|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lilijengwa mwaka 1920, na lengo lake kuu lilikuwa kutoa maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mashamba ya machungwa ya Mazoe.

Mbali na matumizi ya umwagiliaji, bwawa hili pia lilikuwa makazi ya Klabu ya Makasia ya Hunyani na hapo awali lilitumika kwa shughuli za makasia za shule za St. Georges, Prince Edward, Arundel na vilabu vingine.

Mazowe Dam ndilo bwawa kubwa pekee lililojengwa kwenye Mto Mazowe na linaendelea kuwa sehemu muhimu ya miundombinu ya maji inayosaidia kilimo na shughuli za burudani nchini Zimbabwe.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]</text>
      <sha1>5gpi848cwwasb5stv3ea2v5162y10mk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Osborne</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241536</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576649</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T06:26:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Osborne''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto Odzi nchini [[Zimbabwe]]. Eneo la ujenzi wa bwawa hili lilitambuliwa katika miaka ya 1950 na wahandisi wa mipango kutoka Wizara ya [[Maji]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2003-01-01 |title=Dam operation for environmental water releases; the case of Osborne dam, Save catchment, Zimbabwe |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1474706503001633 |journal=Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,...'</comment>
      <origin>1576649</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="840" sha1="8xzffhmd3bwqgaklm2gvpy2rs9fy81g" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Osborne''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto Odzi nchini [[Zimbabwe]]. Eneo la ujenzi wa bwawa hili lilitambuliwa katika miaka ya 1950 na wahandisi wa mipango kutoka Wizara ya [[Maji]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2003-01-01 |title=Dam operation for environmental water releases; the case of Osborne dam, Save catchment, Zimbabwe |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1474706503001633 |journal=Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C |language=en-US |volume=28 |issue=20-27 |pages=985–993 |doi=10.1016/j.pce.2003.08.012 |issn=1474-7065}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Uchunguzi wa kina wa kijiolojia katika maeneo mawili yaliyopendekezwa kwa ujenzi wa bwawa ulikamilika katika miaka ya 1960.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Majimbo ya Brazil]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]</text>
      <sha1>8xzffhmd3bwqgaklm2gvpy2rs9fy81g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sam Firstenberg</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241538</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576650</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T06:35:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Said Mfaume</username>
        <id>68307</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox person | name               = Sam Firstenberg | picha              = שמוליק סם פירסטנברג.jpg | maelezo            =  | jina la kuzaliwa   = Shmulik Firstenberg | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1950|3|13}} | tarehe ya kufa     =  | mahali alipofia    =  | sababu ya kifo     =  | kazi yake          = Mwongozaji wa filamu, mwandishi wa skripti, na mtayarishaji wa filamu | majina-mengine     = Shmulik Sam Firstenberg | org...'</comment>
      <origin>1576650</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5403" sha1="82r17rfxyybb5xc0e1r8b4oaeoc28dj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Sam Firstenberg
| picha              = שמוליק סם פירסטנברג.jpg
| maelezo            = 
| jina la kuzaliwa   = Shmulik Firstenberg
| tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1950|3|13}}
| tarehe ya kufa     = 
| mahali alipofia    = 
| sababu ya kifo     = 
| kazi yake          = Mwongozaji wa filamu, mwandishi wa skripti, na mtayarishaji wa filamu
| majina-mengine     = Shmulik Sam Firstenberg
| organization       = 
| ndoa               = 
| watoto             = 
| wazazi             = 
| elimu              = Chuo Kikuu cha [[Loyola Marymount University]]
| lugha              = Kiingereza, Kiisrael
| kazi maarufu       = ''[[American Ninja]]''&lt;br&gt;''[[Breakin' 2: Electric Boogaloo]]''
| tovuti             = {{URL|amfirstenberg.com}}
}}

'''Sam Firstenberg''' (alizaliwa kama '''Shmulik Firstenberg''' mnamo Machi 13, 1950) ni mwongozaji, mwandishi wa mswada-andishi, na mtayarishaji wa filamu mwenye asili ya Israel na Marekani.

Anajulikana zaidi kwa kutengeneza filamu za bajeti ya chini za daraja la pili ([[B movie]]) katika kipindi kirefu cha kazi yake. Kati ya filamu hizo ni pamoja na filamu mbili za kwanza za mfululizo wa [[American Ninja]], yaani ''[[American Ninja]]'' na ''[[American Ninja 2: The Confrontation]]'',&lt;ref name=&quot;actionflix&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Jerva |first1=John M |title=Iconic Director Sam Firstenberg Returns and Talks STORIES FROM THE TRENCHES, 90's Action and More! |url=https://action-flix.com/2020/04/11/exclusive-iconic-director-sam-firstenberg-returns-and-talks-stories-from-the-trenches-90s-action-and-more/ |website=Action Flix|date=11 April 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt; pamoja na ''[[Riverbend (film)|Riverbend]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Roxbury Film Festival]]|url=https://www.roxfilmfest.com/films-and-events/2024/riverbend|title=RETRO FLASHBACK: Riverbend Restored preceded by The War Torn Drum|date=June 22, 2024|location=[[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; na ''[[Breakin' 2: Electric Boogaloo]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Review: Breakin' 2: Electric Boogaloo|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|author=Variety Staff|date=December 31, 1983|url= https://www.variety.com/review/VE1117789510?refcatid=31 |access-date=March 27, 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NYT&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9E01E7DF1038F93AA25751C1A962948260|last=Maslin |first=Janet |author-link=Janet Maslin |work=[[The New York Times]]|title=Breakin 2 Electric Boogaloo (1984) Screen: 'Breakin' 2'|date=December 19, 1984|access-date=March 27, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title= Breakin' 2: Electric Boogaloo |author-link=Armond White|author=White, Armond|work=[[New York Press]]|date=August 4, 2010|archive-date=January 7, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150107113527/http://nypress.com/ready-set-jump|url=http://nypress.com/ready-set-jump/|access-date=July 31, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title= Breakin' 2: Electric Boogaloo|work=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] |date=January 1, 1984 |author-link=Roger Ebert |last=Ebert |first=Roger |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/breakin-2-electric-boogaloo-1984 |access-date=March 22, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Kazi za Firstenberg zinahusisha aina mbalimbali za filamu kama vile vichekesho, mapigano, maigizo, [[science fiction|hadithi za sayansi]], [[filamu za kusisimua]], [[filamu za kutisha]], na tamthilia za muziki.&lt;ref name=NYT/&gt;

== Maisha binafsi ==
Alizaliwa nchini Poland katika familia ya [[Wayahudi|Kiyahudi]], na alilelewa jijini [[Jerusalem]]. Ameongoza jumla ya filamu 22 za sinema tangu alipohitimu masomo yake ya juu ya uzamili katika fani ya filamu kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha [[Loyola Marymount University]].

== Filmografia ==
=== Mwongozaji ===
* ''For the Sake of the Dog'' (1979)
* ''[[One More Chance (filamu ya 1981)]]''
* ''[[Revenge of the Ninja]]'' (1983)
* ''[[Ninja III: The Domination]]'' (1984)
* ''[[Breakin' 2: Electric Boogaloo]]'' (1984)
* ''[[American Ninja]]'' (1985)
* ''[[Avenging Force]]'' (1986)
* ''[[American Ninja 2: The Confrontation]]'' (1987)
* ''[[Riverbend (filamu ya 1989)|Riverbend]]''
* ''The Day We Met'' (1990)
* ''[[Delta Force 3: The Killing Game]]'' (1991)
* ''[[Tropical Heat]]'' (1992)
* ''[[American Samurai (filamu ya 1992)|American Samurai]]''
* ''[[Cyborg Cop]]'' (1993)
* ''Blood Warriors'' (1993)
* ''[[Cyborg Cop II]]'' (1994)
* ''[[Operation Delta Force]]'' (1997)
* ''[[Motel Blue]]'' (1997)
* ''McCinsey's Island'' (1998)
* ''[[The Alternate (filamu ya 2000)|The Alternate]]''
* ''Criss Cross'' (2001)
* ''Spiders II: Breeding Ground'' (2001)
* ''[[Quicksand (filamu ya 2002)|Quicksand]]''
* ''The Interplanetary Surplus Male and Amazon Women of Outer Space'' (2003)
* ''[[The Last Kumite]]'' (Hatua za awali tu za maandalizi, kisha nafasi yake ikachukuliwa na [[Ross W. Clarkson]])

=== Mwandishi ===
* ''For the Sake of the Dog'' (1979)
* ''One More Chance'' (1983)
* ''Cyborg Cop II'' (1994)

=== Mtayarishaji ===
* ''The Interplanetary Surplus Male and Amazon Women of Outer Space'' (2003)
* ''Groove Street'' (2018)
== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
* {{official|http://www.samfirstenberg.com/}}
* {{IMDb name|0278735}}
* [http://ninjadixon.blogspot.co.il/2011/01/to-me-cyborgs-are-magic-interview-with.html To Me Cyborgs Are magic - Interview with Sam Firstenberg]

{{Sam Firstenberg|state=collapsed}}

{{BD|1950}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Firstenberg, Sam}}

[[Jamii:Waongozaji filamu wa Marekani]]</text>
      <sha1>82r17rfxyybb5xc0e1r8b4oaeoc28dj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kigezo:Sam Firstenberg</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>241539</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576651</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T06:43:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Said Mfaume</username>
        <id>68307</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Navbox |name = Sam Firstenberg |title = Films directed by [[Sam Firstenberg]] |state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} |listclass = hlist  |list1 = * ''[[One More Chance (filamu ya 1981)|One More Chance]]'' (1981) * ''[[Revenge of the Ninja]]'' (1983) * ''[[Ninja III: The Domination]]'' (1984) * ''[[Breakin' 2: Electric Boogaloo]]'' (1984) * ''[[American Ninja]]'' (1985) * ''[[Avenging Force]]'' (1986) * ''[[American Ninja 2: The Confrontation]]'' (1987) * ''...'</comment>
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|name = Sam Firstenberg
|title = Films directed by [[Sam Firstenberg]]
|state = {{{state|autocollapse}}}
|listclass = hlist

|list1 =
* ''[[One More Chance (filamu ya 1981)|One More Chance]]'' (1981)
* ''[[Revenge of the Ninja]]'' (1983)
* ''[[Ninja III: The Domination]]'' (1984)
* ''[[Breakin' 2: Electric Boogaloo]]'' (1984)
* ''[[American Ninja]]'' (1985)
* ''[[Avenging Force]]'' (1986)
* ''[[American Ninja 2: The Confrontation]]'' (1987)
* ''[[Riverbend (filamu)|Riverbend]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Delta Force 3: The Killing Game]]'' (1991)
* ''[[American Samurai]]'' (1992)
* ''[[Cyborg Cop]]'' (1993)
* ''[[Cyborg Cop II]]'' (1994)
* ''[[Operation Delta Force]]'' (1996)
* ''[[The Alternate (filamu)|The Alternate]]'' (2000)
* ''[[Quicksand (2002 filamu)|Quicksand]]'' (2002) 
}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{collapsible option}}
[[Category:Vigezo vya waongozaji filamu wa Marekani|Firstenberg, Sam]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>oxvfsy0mq9oc4v65xp0zyr91nmfchpd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1576652</id>
      <parentid>1576651</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T06:43:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Said Mfaume</username>
        <id>68307</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1576652</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="913" sha1="78seuwr3zq62nim2voocvx68p9pgrfw" xml:space="preserve">{{Navbox
|name = Sam Firstenberg
|title = Filamu zilizoongozwa na [[Sam Firstenberg]]
|state = {{{state|autocollapse}}}
|listclass = hlist

|list1 =
* ''[[One More Chance (filamu ya 1981)|One More Chance]]'' (1981)
* ''[[Revenge of the Ninja]]'' (1983)
* ''[[Ninja III: The Domination]]'' (1984)
* ''[[Breakin' 2: Electric Boogaloo]]'' (1984)
* ''[[American Ninja]]'' (1985)
* ''[[Avenging Force]]'' (1986)
* ''[[American Ninja 2: The Confrontation]]'' (1987)
* ''[[Riverbend (filamu)|Riverbend]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Delta Force 3: The Killing Game]]'' (1991)
* ''[[American Samurai]]'' (1992)
* ''[[Cyborg Cop]]'' (1993)
* ''[[Cyborg Cop II]]'' (1994)
* ''[[Operation Delta Force]]'' (1996)
* ''[[The Alternate (filamu)|The Alternate]]'' (2000)
* ''[[Quicksand (2002 filamu)|Quicksand]]'' (2002) 
}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{collapsible option}}
[[Category:Vigezo vya waongozaji filamu wa Marekani|Firstenberg, Sam]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>78seuwr3zq62nim2voocvx68p9pgrfw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Mutange</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241540</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576653</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T07:07:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Mutange''' ni bwawa la kujazwa udongo lililojengwa kwenye Mto Mutange katika Kijiji cha Chisina, takribani [[kilomita]] 30 mashariki mwa Gokwe na kilomita 35 kaskazini-magharibi mwa Empress Mine, katika Mkoa wa Midlands nchini [[Zimbabwe]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mutange Dam {{!}} Infrastructure Development Bank of Zimbabwe (IDBZ)|url=https://www.idbz.co.zw/project-operations/completed/mutange-dam|work=www.idbz.co.zw|accessdate=2026-06-26|languag...'</comment>
      <origin>1576653</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="591" sha1="db45vkr0i4oseyp5nk6dnhjnakjxxsx" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Mutange''' ni bwawa la kujazwa udongo lililojengwa kwenye Mto Mutange katika Kijiji cha Chisina, takribani [[kilomita]] 30 mashariki mwa Gokwe na kilomita 35 kaskazini-magharibi mwa Empress Mine, katika Mkoa wa Midlands nchini [[Zimbabwe]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mutange Dam {{!}} Infrastructure Development Bank of Zimbabwe (IDBZ)|url=https://www.idbz.co.zw/project-operations/completed/mutange-dam|work=www.idbz.co.zw|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]</text>
      <sha1>db45vkr0i4oseyp5nk6dnhjnakjxxsx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Ngondoma</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241541</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576654</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T07:12:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Ngondoma''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto Ngondoma, takribani mita 500 magharibi mwa mji wa Empress Mine katika Mkoa wa Midlands nchini [[Zimbabwe]].  Bwawa hili lipo takribani kilomita 67 kaskazini-magharibi mwa mji wa Kwekwe na [[kilomita]] 54 kusini-magharibi mwa Kadoma kwa njia ya anga.  Ngondoma Dam ni sehemu muhimu ya miundombinu ya maji katika Mkoa wa Midlands, likichangia uhifadhi wa maji na kusaidia shughuli mbalimbali za kijamii na...'</comment>
      <origin>1576654</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="742" sha1="94ln3ynrfoeddv251ls01hlghczi19y" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Ngondoma''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto Ngondoma, takribani mita 500 magharibi mwa mji wa Empress Mine katika Mkoa wa Midlands nchini [[Zimbabwe]].

Bwawa hili lipo takribani kilomita 67 kaskazini-magharibi mwa mji wa Kwekwe na [[kilomita]] 54 kusini-magharibi mwa Kadoma kwa njia ya anga.

Ngondoma Dam ni sehemu muhimu ya miundombinu ya maji katika Mkoa wa Midlands, likichangia uhifadhi wa maji na kusaidia shughuli mbalimbali za kijamii na kiuchumi katika maeneo yanayolizunguka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Zimbabwe|url=https://www.fao.org/4/w7560e/w7560e02.htm|work=www.fao.org|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]</text>
      <sha1>94ln3ynrfoeddv251ls01hlghczi19y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Sebakwe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241542</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576655</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T07:16:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa''' '''la''' '''Sebakwe''' ni bwawa lililopo katika Mkoa wa Midlands nchini [[Zimbabwe]]. Lilijengwa mwaka 1957 na linamilikiwa na serikali ya Zimbabwe.  Bwawa hili liko kwenye Mto Sebakwe ndani ya eneo la Sanyati Catchment Area. Lipo chini ya usimamizi wa rasilimali za [[maji]] za taifa na ni sehemu muhimu ya mfumo wa maji wa nchi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Kariba Angling Society - Maps Mamina DAm|url=https://www.geocities.ws/karibaangling/mapsebak.htm...'</comment>
      <origin>1576655</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="632" sha1="l1ma5gs6btknm0ajah30tjpv7evfp2f" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa''' '''la''' '''Sebakwe''' ni bwawa lililopo katika Mkoa wa Midlands nchini [[Zimbabwe]]. Lilijengwa mwaka 1957 na linamilikiwa na serikali ya Zimbabwe.

Bwawa hili liko kwenye Mto Sebakwe ndani ya eneo la Sanyati Catchment Area. Lipo chini ya usimamizi wa rasilimali za [[maji]] za taifa na ni sehemu muhimu ya mfumo wa maji wa nchi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Kariba Angling Society - Maps Mamina DAm|url=https://www.geocities.ws/karibaangling/mapsebak.html|work=www.geocities.ws|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]</text>
      <sha1>l1ma5gs6btknm0ajah30tjpv7evfp2f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Kariba</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241543</id>
    <redirect title="Lambo la Kariba" />
    <revision>
      <id>1576656</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T07:24:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Kariba''' ni bwawa la aina ya ''double curvature concrete arch dam'' lililojengwa katika Bonde la Kariba kwenye Mto Zambezi, mpakani mwa Zambia na [[Zimbabwe]].  Bwawa hili lina urefu wa mita 128 na urefu wa mita 579. Lilikamilika ili kuunda Ziwa Kariba, ambalo lina urefu wa takribani kilomita 280 na lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani kilomita za ujazo 185 za [[maji]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Arquivo.pt|url=https://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090719030742...'</comment>
      <origin>1576656</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="678" sha1="qgcb5yznamvobdahf5giq9hosutieju" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Kariba''' ni bwawa la aina ya ''double curvature concrete arch dam'' lililojengwa katika Bonde la Kariba kwenye Mto Zambezi, mpakani mwa Zambia na [[Zimbabwe]].

Bwawa hili lina urefu wa mita 128 na urefu wa mita 579. Lilikamilika ili kuunda Ziwa Kariba, ambalo lina urefu wa takribani kilomita 280 na lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani kilomita za ujazo 185 za [[maji]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Arquivo.pt|url=https://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090719030742/http://www.industcards.com/hydro-africa-southern.htm|work=arquivo.pt|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]</text>
      <sha1>qgcb5yznamvobdahf5giq9hosutieju</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kituo cha Umememaji cha Batoka Gorge</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241544</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576658</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T07:37:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mradi wa Bwawa la Umeme wa Mto Batoka''' (Batoka Gorge Hydroelectric Power Station) ni kituo cha [[umeme]] wa [[maji]] kinachopendekezwa kujengwa kwenye Mto Zambezi, mpakani kati ya Zambia na [[Zimbabwe]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=MSN|url=https://www.msn.com/|work=www.msn.com|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Mradi huu unapangwa kuwa na uwezo mkubwa wa kuzalisha umeme wa megawati 2400, na unalenga kuongeza uzalishaji wa umeme katika ukanda huo w...'</comment>
      <origin>1576658</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="607" sha1="or0ydjr6fkynauoua6it5rics3hrqf5" xml:space="preserve">'''Mradi wa Bwawa la Umeme wa Mto Batoka''' (Batoka Gorge Hydroelectric Power Station) ni kituo cha [[umeme]] wa [[maji]] kinachopendekezwa kujengwa kwenye Mto Zambezi, mpakani kati ya Zambia na [[Zimbabwe]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=MSN|url=https://www.msn.com/|work=www.msn.com|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mradi huu unapangwa kuwa na uwezo mkubwa wa kuzalisha umeme wa megawati 2400, na unalenga kuongeza uzalishaji wa umeme katika ukanda huo wa [[Zambezi (mto)|Zambezi]].

== Marejeo ==
{{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}}
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]]</text>
      <sha1>or0ydjr6fkynauoua6it5rics3hrqf5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Albasini</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241545</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576659</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T07:51:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa''' '''la''' '''Albasini''' ni bwawa lililopo nje kidogo ya mji wa Louis Trichardt katika Mkoa wa Limpopo Province nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dam Safety Office - Home|url=https://www.dwa.gov.za/DSO/|work=www.dwa.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo 25,200,000 za maji na lina eneo la uso wa takribani kilomita za mraba 3.572. Ukuta wa bwawa una urefu wa mita 34.  == Marej...'</comment>
      <origin>1576659</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="578" sha1="a9qwyo31g3z64edzczj4mmdxdeio283" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa''' '''la''' '''Albasini''' ni bwawa lililopo nje kidogo ya mji wa Louis Trichardt katika Mkoa wa Limpopo Province nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dam Safety Office - Home|url=https://www.dwa.gov.za/DSO/|work=www.dwa.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo 25,200,000 za maji na lina eneo la uso wa takribani kilomita za mraba 3.572. Ukuta wa bwawa una urefu wa mita 34.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>a9qwyo31g3z64edzczj4mmdxdeio283</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Allemanskraal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241546</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576660</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T07:57:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Allemanskraal''' ni bwawa lililopo katika Mkoa wa Free State nchini [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika kusini]], na liko kwenye Mto Sand .  Bwawa hili lilianzishwa mwaka 1960. Lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo 174,500 za maji, na lina eneo la uso wa takribani [[kilomita]] za mraba 26.481. Ukuta wake una urefu wa mita 38.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dam...'</comment>
      <origin>1576660</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="650" sha1="cxntvlebfcg56xm9rqgdwbvp9jiud4v" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Allemanskraal''' ni bwawa lililopo katika Mkoa wa Free State nchini [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika kusini]], na liko kwenye Mto Sand .

Bwawa hili lilianzishwa mwaka 1960. Lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo 174,500 za maji, na lina eneo la uso wa takribani [[kilomita]] za mraba 26.481. Ukuta wake una urefu wa mita 38.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>cxntvlebfcg56xm9rqgdwbvp9jiud4v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Alphen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241547</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576661</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:00:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Alphen''' ni bwawa dogo lililopo kwenye Mto Bonte karibu na mji wa Stellenbosch katika Mkoa wa Western Cape nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].  Bwawa hili lilianzishwa mwaka 1990.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;  == Marejeo == &lt;references /&gt; {{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}} [[Jamii:AWC 2026]] [[Jamii:Maji]]...'</comment>
      <origin>1576661</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="496" sha1="825rgfg0wehow7pb03lxyz0bvi6euj0" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Alphen''' ni bwawa dogo lililopo kwenye Mto Bonte karibu na mji wa Stellenbosch katika Mkoa wa Western Cape nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].

Bwawa hili lilianzishwa mwaka 1990.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>825rgfg0wehow7pb03lxyz0bvi6euj0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>One More Chance</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241548</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576662</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:00:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Said Mfaume</username>
        <id>68307</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Filamu 2 | jina                  = One More Chance | picha                 = One More Chance 1983 film.jpg | maelezo_ya_picha      = Jalada la VHS | mwongozaji            = [[Sam Firstenberg]] | mwandishi             = Sam Firstenberg | mtayarishaji          = [[Yoram Globus]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Menahem Golan]]&lt;br /&gt;[[David Womark]] | nyota                 = John LaMotta&lt;br /&gt;[[Kirstie Alley]] | muziki                = David Powell | mpiga_picha           = Jonathon...'</comment>
      <origin>1576662</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1819" sha1="ik2iyru9l2p5zzgtj5nii74u64x4heb" xml:space="preserve">{{Filamu 2
| jina                  = One More Chance
| picha                 = One More Chance 1983 film.jpg
| maelezo_ya_picha      = Jalada la VHS
| mwongozaji            = [[Sam Firstenberg]]
| mwandishi             = Sam Firstenberg
| mtayarishaji          = [[Yoram Globus]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Menahem Golan]]&lt;br /&gt;[[David Womark]]
| nyota                 = John LaMotta&lt;br /&gt;[[Kirstie Alley]]
| muziki                = David Powell
| mpiga_picha           = Jonathon Braun&lt;br /&gt;Ken Gibb
| mhariri               = K.V. Hoenig
| kampuni_ya_utayarishaji = 
| msambazaji            = [[The Cannon Group|Cannon Film Distributors]]
| tarehe_ya_kutoka      = {{Film date|1981|01}} 
| muda                  = dakika 90
| nchi                  = Marekani
| lugha                 = Kiingereza
| bajeti                = 
| mapato                = 
| imetolewa             = 
}}
'''''One More Chance''''' ni filamu ya mwaka 1981 iliyoandikwa na kuongozwa na [[Sam Firstenberg]]; filamu hii inatambulika kama kazi yake ya kwanza kama mwongozaji.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|title=One More Chance|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/one_more_chance}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hadithi ==
Mfungwa wa zamani anarudi nyumbani na kukuta familia yake imehama na hana habari kabisa walikoenda. Ni jirani yake pekee anayejua walikohamia, lakini hataki kumpa taarifa hizo hadi pale atakapoonyesha kuwa amebadilika kitabia.

== Waigizaji ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Muigizaji !! Uhusika
|-
| [[John LaMotta]] || Pete Bales
|-
| [[Kirstie Alley]] || Sheila
|-
| Marvin Flint || George
|-
| Logan Clarke || Carter 
|-
| Wayne Alford || David  
|}

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
* {{IMDb title|0082850}}

{{Sam Firstenberg}}

[[Jamii:Filamu za Golan-Globus]]
[[Jamii:Filamu zilizoongozwa na Sam Firstenberg]]
[[Jamii:Filamu za 1981]]</text>
      <sha1>ik2iyru9l2p5zzgtj5nii74u64x4heb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jamii:Filamu zilizoongozwa na Sam Firstenberg</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>241549</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576663</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:02:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Said Mfaume</username>
        <id>68307</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Jamii:Filamu kwa mwongozaji]]'</comment>
      <origin>1576663</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" sha1="l967f60vdbt48e0rjw7fy10zjpeaesf" xml:space="preserve">[[Jamii:Filamu kwa mwongozaji]]</text>
      <sha1>l967f60vdbt48e0rjw7fy10zjpeaesf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Andrew F.C. Turpin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241550</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576664</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:05:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Andrew F.C. Turpin''' ni bwawa lililopo kwenye Mto Nyara, kaskazini mwa mji wa Bedford katika Mkoa wa Eastern Cape nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;  == Marejeo == &lt;references /&gt; {{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}} [[Jamii:AWC 2026]] [[Jamii:Maji]] Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Ku...'</comment>
      <origin>1576664</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="466" sha1="dwotx78clr7xzzywfplm0czh8jhbvxv" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Andrew F.C. Turpin''' ni bwawa lililopo kwenye Mto Nyara, kaskazini mwa mji wa Bedford katika Mkoa wa Eastern Cape nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>dwotx78clr7xzzywfplm0czh8jhbvxv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Armenia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241551</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576665</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:17:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Armenia''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kuvuka Mto Leeu karibu na mji wa Hobhouse katika Mkoa wa Free State nchini [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Armenia Dam (Free State, 1954)|url=https://structurae.net/en/structures/armenia-dam|work=Structurae|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bwawa hili lilianzishwa mwaka 1954. Lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo 13,000 za maji na lina eneo la uso wa takribani kilomita za...'</comment>
      <origin>1576665</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="634" sha1="i47tvrvit83ww6rdr5tjfs627jb55gq" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Armenia''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kuvuka Mto Leeu karibu na mji wa Hobhouse katika Mkoa wa Free State nchini [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Armenia Dam (Free State, 1954)|url=https://structurae.net/en/structures/armenia-dam|work=Structurae|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lilianzishwa mwaka 1954. Lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo 13,000 za maji na lina eneo la uso wa takribani kilomita za mraba 3.933. Ukuta wake una urefu wa mita 22.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>i47tvrvit83ww6rdr5tjfs627jb55gq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Beervlei</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241552</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576666</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:22:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Beervlei''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kuvuka Mto Groot katika Mkoa wa Cape Mashariki nchini  [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=beervlei dam - Mountain Passes South Africa|url=https://www.mountainpassessouthafrica.co.za/tags/beervlei-dam.html|work=www.mountainpassessouthafrica.co.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Lilianzishwa mwaka 1957. Lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo 85,800,000 za maji, na eneo lake la uso ni ta...'</comment>
      <origin>1576666</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="663" sha1="msm3x3x7oi55avxwjlp4is2w9fcxlhc" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Beervlei''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kuvuka Mto Groot katika Mkoa wa Cape Mashariki nchini  [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=beervlei dam - Mountain Passes South Africa|url=https://www.mountainpassessouthafrica.co.za/tags/beervlei-dam.html|work=www.mountainpassessouthafrica.co.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lilianzishwa mwaka 1957. Lina uwezo wa kuhifadhi takribani mita za ujazo 85,800,000 za maji, na eneo lake la uso ni takribani [[kilomita]] za mraba 23.145. Ukuta wa bwawa una urefu wa mita 31.

{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>msm3x3x7oi55avxwjlp4is2w9fcxlhc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Revenge of the Ninja</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241553</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576667</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:24:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Said Mfaume</username>
        <id>68307</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Filamu 2 | jina                  = Revenge of the Ninja | picha                 = Revenge_of_the_ninja.jpg | maelezo_ya_picha      = Bango la kuonyesha sinemani | mwongozaji            = [[Sam Firstenberg]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt; | mwandishi             = James R. Silke&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt; | mtayarishaji          = [[Menahem Golan]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Yoram Globus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt; | nyota                 = {{Plainlist| * [[Sho Kosugi]] * [[Keith Vitali]] *...'</comment>
      <origin>1576667</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7139" sha1="gi6fuobjbm4pea7yhkl0sajj39y8ygt" xml:space="preserve">{{Filamu 2
| jina                  = Revenge of the Ninja
| picha                 = Revenge_of_the_ninja.jpg
| maelezo_ya_picha      = Bango la kuonyesha sinemani
| mwongozaji            = [[Sam Firstenberg]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| mwandishi             = James R. Silke&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| mtayarishaji          = [[Menahem Golan]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Yoram Globus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| nyota                 = {{Plainlist|
* [[Sho Kosugi]]
* [[Keith Vitali]]
* [[Virgil Frye]]
* Arthur Roberts
* Ashley Ferrare
* Mario Gallo
* [[Kane Kosugi]]
}}
| muziki                = [[Robert J. Walsh]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| mpiga_picha           = [[David Gurfinkel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| mhariri               = [[Mark Helfrich (mhariri wa filamu)|Mark Helfrich]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| kampuni_ya_utayarishaji = [[The Cannon Group|Cannon Films]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| msambazaji            = [[MGM/UA Entertainment Co.]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| tarehe_ya_kutoka      = {{Film date|1983|9|7|ref1=&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;}}
| muda                  = dakika 90
| nchi                  = Marekani
| lugha                 = Kiingereza
| bajeti                = Dola 700,000&lt;ref name=&quot;Electric Boogaloo&quot;&gt;{{cite AV media |people= |last=Hartley |first=Mark |date= 2014 |title=[[Electric Boogaloo: The Wild, Untold Story of Cannon Films]] |url= |trans-title= |format= |work= |type= |language= |location= |publisher=Umbrella Entertainment }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| mapato                = Dola milioni 14 ({{estimation}})
| imetolewa             = 
}}

'''''Revenge of the Ninja''''' ni filamu ya mapigano ya [[karate]] na [[ninja]] ya Kimarekani ya mwaka 1983 iliyoongozwa na [[Sam Firstenberg]]. Washiriki wakuu wa filamu hii ni [[Sho Kosugi]], [[Keith Vitali]], [[Virgil Frye]], Arthur Roberts, pamoja na [[Kane Kosugi]] katika muonekano wake wa kwanza kabisa kwenye filamu. Kisa cha filamu kinamfuatilia ninja mmoja anayejaribu kumlinda mtoto wake wa pekee dhidi ya genge la wahalifu wasio na huruma.

Hii ni sehemu ya pili katika mfululizo wa mkusanyiko wa filamu tatu za ninja (&quot;Trilojia ya Ninja&quot;) za kampuni ya [[The Cannon Group|Cannon Films]], ikianza na ''[[Enter the Ninja]]'' (1981) na kumalizika na ''[[Ninja III: The Domination]]'' (1984). Filamu hii ilipata mafanikio makubwa sana kwenye mapato ya masanduku ya tiketi, ingawa ilipokea maoni mchanganyiko kutoka kwa wakosoaji, na imejizolea mashabiki wengi waaminifu baada ya muda kupita.

== Kisa ==
Huko [[Japani]], nyumba ya Cho Osaki inashambuliwa na jeshi la ukoo wa ninja hasimu, jambo linalopelekea kuuawa kwa familia yake yote isipokuwa mama yake na mtoto wake mdogo wa kiume, Kane. Cho anapofika kwenye makazi yake na kugundua mauaji hayo, maninja hao wanajaribu kumuua yeye pia, lakini Cho, ambaye mwenyewe ni ninja mwenye ujuzi wa hali ya juu, analipiza kisasi kwa familia yake na kuwaua maninja wote walioshambulia. Hata hivyo, baada ya hapo, anaapa kuacha maisha ya ninja milele na kuhamia Amerika pamoja na mtoto na mama yake. Akiwa huko, anafungua jumba la maonyesho ya sanaa za Kimashariki kwa msaada wa mshirika wake wa biashara na rafiki yake Mmarekani aitwaye Braden, pamoja na msaidizi wake Cathy.

Usiku mmoja, Kane anaangusha kwa bahati mbaya na kuvunja moja ya wanasesere, na kugundua unga mweupe (ambao kiuhalisia ni [[heroin]]) uliokuwa ndani yake. Inadhihirika kuwa Braden anatumia jumba hilo la sanaa kama kichaka cha biashara yake ya kusafirisha dawa za kulevya kwa kificho. Anajaribu kufanya makubaliano na Caifano, ambaye ni bosi wa magenge ya wahalifu, lakini Caifano na Braden wanashindwa kuelewana na hatimaye wanaingia kwenye vita vya kugombea maeneo ya kibiashara. Braden, akijigeuza kuwa ninja aliyevaa kinyago cha fedha cha &quot;shetani&quot;, anaanza kuwaua watoa taarifa na ndugu wa Caifano ili kumfanya anywee na kuogopa. Polisi wanachanganyikiwa na mauaji hayo, na mkufunzi pamoja na mtaalamu wa karate wa polisi wa eneo hilo, Dave Hatcher, anapewa jukumu la kutafuta mshauri wa masuala hayo. Dave anamshawishi rafiki yake Cho amwone bosi wake, na Cho anathibitisha kuwa ni ninja tu anayeweza kufanya uhalifu huo, lakini anakataa kuwasaidia polisi zaidi ya hapo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Maltin&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Maltin|first=Leonard|author-link=Leonard Maltin|title=Leonard Maltin's 2012 Movie Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=akMCIHi4MPUC|date=6 September 2011|publisher=Penguin Group USA, Incorporated|isbn=978-0-451-23447-6|page=1162}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ili kuepuka kulipia 'bidhaa' hizo, Caifano anatuma watu wanne kuiba kwenye jumba hilo la sanaa. Cho anaingia jumbani humo wakati wahalifu hao wakipakia bidhaa kwenye gari la kubebea mizigo (van), anashambuliwa na anaamua kupambana nao kwa mikono. Wasaidizi hao wa wahalifu wanatoroka kwa gari hilo huku Cho akiwafuatia, lakini anashindwa kuwazuia wezi hao wasitoroke. Wakati huo huo, Braden anafika kwa siri kwenye jumba la sanaa la Cho na kukuta limepogolewa. Mama yake Cho na Kane wote wanakutana naye; Braden anamuua mama yake Cho, lakini Kane anafanikiwa kumkwepa. Cho, akiwa amejeruhiwa vibaya, anarudi na kumkuta mama yake ameuawa na mtoto wake amepotea.

Ili kumaliza shahidi wa mwisho, Braden anamfanyia Cathy ushawishi wa kisaikolojia—ambaye ana upendo wa siri kwa Cho—ili amtafute na kumleta Kane. Cathy anapozinduka na kupata fahamu zake vizuri, anawasiliana na Cho na kumfahamisha kuhusu usaliti wa Braden na kwamba yeye ni ninja. Akiona mtoto wake pekee aliyesalia yuko kwenye hatari ya kifo, Cho anavunja kiapo chake cha kutofanya vurugu na kuelekea kwenye makao makuu ya Caifano ili kumzuia Braden. Wakati huo huo, Braden anagundua usaliti wa Cathy na anajiandaa kumnyonga. Kane anajikomboa yeye mwenyewe pamoja na Cathy, na wawili hao wanatoa taarifa kwa mamlaka.

Braden anafanya shambulio lake la mwisho dhidi ya Caifano na shirika lake, akimwua kila mtu anayekutana naye. Akiwa na hamu ya kumsaidia Cho, Dave naye anakimbilia makao makuu ya Caifano lakini anavamiwa na Braden, ambaye anamjeruhi vibaya hadi kufa. Cho anakimbia kumsaidia rafiki yake huyo mwaminifu, lakini Dave anafia mikononi mwake. Braden na Cho wanapambana pambano la kufa na kupona juu ya jengo refu la ghorofa la Caifano. Baada ya mapambano marefu, Cho anamuua Braden na kuungana tena na mtoto wake pamoja na Cathy wakati filamu ikielekea tamati.

== Waigizaji ==
{{castlist|
* [[Sho Kosugi]] kama Cho Osaki
* [[Keith Vitali]] kama Dave Hatcher
* [[Virgil Frye]] kama Luteni Dime
* Arthur Roberts kama Braden
* [[Mario Gallo (muigizaji)|Mario Gallo]] kama Caifano
* [[Kane Kosugi]] kama Kane Osaki
* Grace Oshita kama Bibi (Grandmother)
* Ashley Ferrare kama Cathy
* [[John LaMotta]] kama Joe
* [[Don Shanks (mcheza-hatari)|Don Shanks]] kama Chief
* [[Professor Toru Tanaka]] kama Mtumishi wa Sumo
* Joe Pagliuso kama Alberto
* Mel Hampton kama Detektif Rios
* Oscar Rowland kama Mtoa taarifa mwenye jicho moja
* Alan Amiel kama Kiongozi wa ninja wekundu
* Shane Kosugi kama Mtoto wa kwanza wa Cho}}

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
* {{IMDb title|0082850}}

{{Sam Firstenberg}}

[[Jamii:Filamu za Cannon Films]]
[[Jamii:Filamu za Golan-Globus]]
[[Jamii:Filamu zilizoongozwa na Sam Firstenberg]]
[[Jamii:Filamu za ninja]]
[[Jamii:Filamu za 1983]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1576671</id>
      <parentid>1576667</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:30:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Said Mfaume</username>
        <id>68307</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Waigizaji */</comment>
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      <text bytes="7094" sha1="12l51coamyz26u23dpwwcxat9ogfoes" xml:space="preserve">{{Filamu 2
| jina                  = Revenge of the Ninja
| picha                 = Revenge_of_the_ninja.jpg
| maelezo_ya_picha      = Bango la kuonyesha sinemani
| mwongozaji            = [[Sam Firstenberg]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| mwandishi             = James R. Silke&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| mtayarishaji          = [[Menahem Golan]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Yoram Globus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| nyota                 = {{Plainlist|
* [[Sho Kosugi]]
* [[Keith Vitali]]
* [[Virgil Frye]]
* Arthur Roberts
* Ashley Ferrare
* Mario Gallo
* [[Kane Kosugi]]
}}
| muziki                = [[Robert J. Walsh]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| mpiga_picha           = [[David Gurfinkel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| mhariri               = [[Mark Helfrich (mhariri wa filamu)|Mark Helfrich]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| kampuni_ya_utayarishaji = [[The Cannon Group|Cannon Films]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| msambazaji            = [[MGM/UA Entertainment Co.]]&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;
| tarehe_ya_kutoka      = {{Film date|1983|9|7|ref1=&lt;ref name=&quot;afi&quot;/&gt;}}
| muda                  = dakika 90
| nchi                  = Marekani
| lugha                 = Kiingereza
| bajeti                = Dola 700,000&lt;ref name=&quot;Electric Boogaloo&quot;&gt;{{cite AV media |people= |last=Hartley |first=Mark |date= 2014 |title=[[Electric Boogaloo: The Wild, Untold Story of Cannon Films]] |url= |trans-title= |format= |work= |type= |language= |location= |publisher=Umbrella Entertainment }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| mapato                = Dola milioni 14 ({{estimation}})
| imetolewa             = 
}}

'''''Revenge of the Ninja''''' ni filamu ya mapigano ya [[karate]] na [[ninja]] ya Kimarekani ya mwaka 1983 iliyoongozwa na [[Sam Firstenberg]]. Washiriki wakuu wa filamu hii ni [[Sho Kosugi]], [[Keith Vitali]], [[Virgil Frye]], Arthur Roberts, pamoja na [[Kane Kosugi]] katika muonekano wake wa kwanza kabisa kwenye filamu. Kisa cha filamu kinamfuatilia ninja mmoja anayejaribu kumlinda mtoto wake wa pekee dhidi ya genge la wahalifu wasio na huruma.

Hii ni sehemu ya pili katika mfululizo wa mkusanyiko wa filamu tatu za ninja (&quot;Trilojia ya Ninja&quot;) za kampuni ya [[The Cannon Group|Cannon Films]], ikianza na ''[[Enter the Ninja]]'' (1981) na kumalizika na ''[[Ninja III: The Domination]]'' (1984). Filamu hii ilipata mafanikio makubwa sana kwenye mapato ya masanduku ya tiketi, ingawa ilipokea maoni mchanganyiko kutoka kwa wakosoaji, na imejizolea mashabiki wengi waaminifu baada ya muda kupita.

== Kisa ==
Huko [[Japani]], nyumba ya Cho Osaki inashambuliwa na jeshi la ukoo wa ninja hasimu, jambo linalopelekea kuuawa kwa familia yake yote isipokuwa mama yake na mtoto wake mdogo wa kiume, Kane. Cho anapofika kwenye makazi yake na kugundua mauaji hayo, maninja hao wanajaribu kumuua yeye pia, lakini Cho, ambaye mwenyewe ni ninja mwenye ujuzi wa hali ya juu, analipiza kisasi kwa familia yake na kuwaua maninja wote walioshambulia. Hata hivyo, baada ya hapo, anaapa kuacha maisha ya ninja milele na kuhamia Amerika pamoja na mtoto na mama yake. Akiwa huko, anafungua jumba la maonyesho ya sanaa za Kimashariki kwa msaada wa mshirika wake wa biashara na rafiki yake Mmarekani aitwaye Braden, pamoja na msaidizi wake Cathy.

Usiku mmoja, Kane anaangusha kwa bahati mbaya na kuvunja moja ya wanasesere, na kugundua unga mweupe (ambao kiuhalisia ni [[heroin]]) uliokuwa ndani yake. Inadhihirika kuwa Braden anatumia jumba hilo la sanaa kama kichaka cha biashara yake ya kusafirisha dawa za kulevya kwa kificho. Anajaribu kufanya makubaliano na Caifano, ambaye ni bosi wa magenge ya wahalifu, lakini Caifano na Braden wanashindwa kuelewana na hatimaye wanaingia kwenye vita vya kugombea maeneo ya kibiashara. Braden, akijigeuza kuwa ninja aliyevaa kinyago cha fedha cha &quot;shetani&quot;, anaanza kuwaua watoa taarifa na ndugu wa Caifano ili kumfanya anywee na kuogopa. Polisi wanachanganyikiwa na mauaji hayo, na mkufunzi pamoja na mtaalamu wa karate wa polisi wa eneo hilo, Dave Hatcher, anapewa jukumu la kutafuta mshauri wa masuala hayo. Dave anamshawishi rafiki yake Cho amwone bosi wake, na Cho anathibitisha kuwa ni ninja tu anayeweza kufanya uhalifu huo, lakini anakataa kuwasaidia polisi zaidi ya hapo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Maltin&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Maltin|first=Leonard|author-link=Leonard Maltin|title=Leonard Maltin's 2012 Movie Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=akMCIHi4MPUC|date=6 September 2011|publisher=Penguin Group USA, Incorporated|isbn=978-0-451-23447-6|page=1162}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ili kuepuka kulipia 'bidhaa' hizo, Caifano anatuma watu wanne kuiba kwenye jumba hilo la sanaa. Cho anaingia jumbani humo wakati wahalifu hao wakipakia bidhaa kwenye gari la kubebea mizigo (van), anashambuliwa na anaamua kupambana nao kwa mikono. Wasaidizi hao wa wahalifu wanatoroka kwa gari hilo huku Cho akiwafuatia, lakini anashindwa kuwazuia wezi hao wasitoroke. Wakati huo huo, Braden anafika kwa siri kwenye jumba la sanaa la Cho na kukuta limepogolewa. Mama yake Cho na Kane wote wanakutana naye; Braden anamuua mama yake Cho, lakini Kane anafanikiwa kumkwepa. Cho, akiwa amejeruhiwa vibaya, anarudi na kumkuta mama yake ameuawa na mtoto wake amepotea.

Ili kumaliza shahidi wa mwisho, Braden anamfanyia Cathy ushawishi wa kisaikolojia—ambaye ana upendo wa siri kwa Cho—ili amtafute na kumleta Kane. Cathy anapozinduka na kupata fahamu zake vizuri, anawasiliana na Cho na kumfahamisha kuhusu usaliti wa Braden na kwamba yeye ni ninja. Akiona mtoto wake pekee aliyesalia yuko kwenye hatari ya kifo, Cho anavunja kiapo chake cha kutofanya vurugu na kuelekea kwenye makao makuu ya Caifano ili kumzuia Braden. Wakati huo huo, Braden anagundua usaliti wa Cathy na anajiandaa kumnyonga. Kane anajikomboa yeye mwenyewe pamoja na Cathy, na wawili hao wanatoa taarifa kwa mamlaka.

Braden anafanya shambulio lake la mwisho dhidi ya Caifano na shirika lake, akimwua kila mtu anayekutana naye. Akiwa na hamu ya kumsaidia Cho, Dave naye anakimbilia makao makuu ya Caifano lakini anavamiwa na Braden, ambaye anamjeruhi vibaya hadi kufa. Cho anakimbia kumsaidia rafiki yake huyo mwaminifu, lakini Dave anafia mikononi mwake. Braden na Cho wanapambana pambano la kufa na kupona juu ya jengo refu la ghorofa la Caifano. Baada ya mapambano marefu, Cho anamuua Braden na kuungana tena na mtoto wake pamoja na Cathy wakati filamu ikielekea tamati.

== Waigizaji ==
* [[Sho Kosugi]] kama Cho Osaki
* [[Keith Vitali]] kama Dave Hatcher
* [[Virgil Frye]] kama Luteni Dime
* Arthur Roberts kama Braden
* [[Mario Gallo (mwigizaji)|Mario Gallo]] kama Caifano
* [[Kane Kosugi]] kama Kane Osaki
* Grace Oshita kama Bibi (Grandmother)
* Ashley Ferrare kama Cathy
* [[John LaMotta]] kama Joe
* Don Shanks kama Chief
* [[Professor Toru Tanaka]] kama Mtumishi wa Sumo
* Joe Pagliuso kama Alberto
* Mel Hampton kama Detektif Rios
* Oscar Rowland kama Mtoa taarifa mwenye jicho moja
* Alan Amiel kama Kiongozi wa ninja wekundu
* Shane Kosugi kama Mtoto wa kwanza wa Cho

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
* {{IMDb title|0082850}}

{{Sam Firstenberg}}

[[Jamii:Filamu za Cannon Films]]
[[Jamii:Filamu za Golan-Globus]]
[[Jamii:Filamu zilizoongozwa na Sam Firstenberg]]
[[Jamii:Filamu za ninja]]
[[Jamii:Filamu za 1983]]</text>
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    <title>Kigezo:Castlist</title>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{{2|{{{1|}}}}}}|{{div col  | colwidth = 25em  | gap = {{{gap|}}}  | rules = {{{rules|}}}  | small = {{{small|}}}  | style = min-width: min(25em, 100%); {{{style|}}}  | content = {{{2|{{{1|}}}}}}  }} }}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
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      <text bytes="275" sha1="04p19kxqvjue05j5u4enyhqsqhb21uu" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{{2|{{{1|}}}}}}|{{div col
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    <revision>
      <id>1576670</id>
      <parentid>1576668</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:28:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Said Mfaume</username>
        <id>68307</id>
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* Jina la Kwanza
* Jina la Pili
* Jina la Tatu
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Binfield Park</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241555</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576669</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:27:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Binfield Park''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto Tyhume karibu na mji wa Alice katika Mkoa wa  Cape Mashariki nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].  Bwawa hili lilianzishwa mwaka 1986 na likaanza kufanya kazi rasmi mwaka 1987.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Phiri |first=P. |last2=Okeyo |first2=D. O. |date=2015-12-31 |title=In search of potential eco-tourism and eco-femini-tourism artifacts from rural Eastern Cape Province of South Africa : a case of Binfield, H...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="861" sha1="5eijwlrpu0pfw4hjxghw58t2mxq1y92" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Binfield Park''' ni bwawa lililojengwa kwenye Mto Tyhume karibu na mji wa Alice katika Mkoa wa  Cape Mashariki nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].

Bwawa hili lilianzishwa mwaka 1986 na likaanza kufanya kazi rasmi mwaka 1987.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Phiri |first=P. |last2=Okeyo |first2=D. O. |date=2015-12-31 |title=In search of potential eco-tourism and eco-femini-tourism artifacts from rural Eastern Cape Province of South Africa : a case of Binfield, Hopefield and Mazotsho village communities of Nkonkobe Municipality |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/EJC-52cbb7c21 |journal=African Journal for Physical Health Education, Recreation and Dance |volume=21 |issue=2.2 |pages=426–440 |doi=10.10520/EJC-52cbb7c21}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>5eijwlrpu0pfw4hjxghw58t2mxq1y92</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Bivane</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241556</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576672</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:31:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Bivane''', ambalo hapo awali lilijulikana kama Bwawa la [[Paris]], ni bwawa la aina ya arch lililojengwa kwenye Mto Bivane karibu na mji wa Vryheid katika Mkoa wa KwaZulu-Natal nchini  [[Afrika Kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bivane Dam|url=https://www.bivanedam.co.za/|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en-ZA}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bwawa hili lilianzishwa mwaka 2000. Lengo lake kuu ni kutoa maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mashamba na matumizi ya nyumbani.  == Ma...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="581" sha1="2qflsybmh3chr3avun001ab6wx3ln4k" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Bivane''', ambalo hapo awali lilijulikana kama Bwawa la [[Paris]], ni bwawa la aina ya arch lililojengwa kwenye Mto Bivane karibu na mji wa Vryheid katika Mkoa wa KwaZulu-Natal nchini  [[Afrika Kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bivane Dam|url=https://www.bivanedam.co.za/|accessdate=2026-06-26|language=en-ZA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lilianzishwa mwaka 2000. Lengo lake kuu ni kutoa maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mashamba na matumizi ya nyumbani.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>2qflsybmh3chr3avun001ab6wx3ln4k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Bloemhof</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241557</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576673</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:48:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Bloemhof''' ni bwawa lililopo nchini  [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika kusini]], kwenye makutano ya Mto Vaal River na Mto Vet River, mpakani mwa Mkoa wa North West na Mkoa wa Free State.  Bwawa hili lilikuwa likijulikana awali kama Bwawa la Oppermansdrif wakati wa ujenzi wake mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1960.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bloemhof Dam|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/orange/Vaal/bloemhof.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;  == Marejeo =...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="574" sha1="dv4hl56mzxsf5keqlnnn6rpkg5i7qo7" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Bloemhof''' ni bwawa lililopo nchini  [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika kusini]], kwenye makutano ya Mto Vaal River na Mto Vet River, mpakani mwa Mkoa wa North West na Mkoa wa Free State.

Bwawa hili lilikuwa likijulikana awali kama Bwawa la Oppermansdrif wakati wa ujenzi wake mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1960.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bloemhof Dam|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/orange/Vaal/bloemhof.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>dv4hl56mzxsf5keqlnnn6rpkg5i7qo7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Blyderivierpoort</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241558</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576674</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T08:52:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Blyderivierpoort''' ni bwawa la aina ya gravity-arch lililojengwa kwenye Mto Blyde, katika sehemu ya chini ya Bonde la Blyde (Blyde River Canyon), karibu na mji wa Hoedspruit katika Mkoa wa Mpumalanga nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;  == Marejeo == &lt;references /&gt; {{Mbe...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="552" sha1="j36n49d46l091c6lz4b7uyfxv6660hz" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Blyderivierpoort''' ni bwawa la aina ya gravity-arch lililojengwa kwenye Mto Blyde, katika sehemu ya chini ya Bonde la Blyde (Blyde River Canyon), karibu na mji wa Hoedspruit katika Mkoa wa Mpumalanga nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>j36n49d46l091c6lz4b7uyfxv6660hz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Bon Accord</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241559</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576675</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:05:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Bon Accord''' ni bwawa la kujazwa udongo (earth-fill dam) lililojengwa kwenye Mto Apies, takribani kilomita 15 kaskazini mwa mji wa Pretoria katika Mkoa wa Gauteng nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bwawa hili lina kingo za udongo na njia ya kumwaga maji ya ziada (spill...'</comment>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="775" sha1="h1i153gc4jn6c4tf7n65s8qiwyjy5pi" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Bon Accord''' ni bwawa la kujazwa udongo (earth-fill dam) lililojengwa kwenye Mto Apies, takribani kilomita 15 kaskazini mwa mji wa Pretoria katika Mkoa wa Gauteng nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwawa hili lina kingo za udongo na njia ya kumwaga maji ya ziada (spillway) iliyopo pembeni. Eneo linalokusanya maji ya bwawa lina ukubwa wa takribani kilomita za mraba 315, na sehemu kubwa ya eneo hilo ipo ndani ya City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality.

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>h1i153gc4jn6c4tf7n65s8qiwyjy5pi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Bospoort</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241560</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576676</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:09:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Bospoort''' ni bwawa la aina ya gravity/earth-fill lililojengwa kwenye Mto Hex, ambao ni tawi la Mto Elands na sehemu ya bonde la Mto Crocodile River (Limpopo) basin.  Bwawa hili lipo karibu na mji wa Rustenburg katika Mkoa wa North West nchini  [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika Kusini.]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=20...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="604" sha1="8a991w6lzyi9ypzgonc9rodu8bqqwy6" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Bospoort''' ni bwawa la aina ya gravity/earth-fill lililojengwa kwenye Mto Hex, ambao ni tawi la Mto Elands na sehemu ya bonde la Mto Crocodile River (Limpopo) basin.

Bwawa hili lipo karibu na mji wa Rustenburg katika Mkoa wa North West nchini  [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika Kusini.]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>8a991w6lzyi9ypzgonc9rodu8bqqwy6</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Brandvlei</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241561</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576677</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:17:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Brandvlei''' ni bwawa la aina ya kujazwa udongo (earth-fill dam) lililojengwa kwenye Mto Lower Brandvlei katika Mkoa wa Western Cape nchini  [[Afrika Kusini]].  Bwawa hili lilikamilika mwaka 1983. Chanzo chake kikuu cha maji ni Mto Holsloot, ambao huingiza maji kwenye hifadhi ya bwawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|acces...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="612" sha1="aimokybjw10gqj3rybrhgil81gyw4n3" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Brandvlei''' ni bwawa la aina ya kujazwa udongo (earth-fill dam) lililojengwa kwenye Mto Lower Brandvlei katika Mkoa wa Western Cape nchini  [[Afrika Kusini]].

Bwawa hili lilikamilika mwaka 1983. Chanzo chake kikuu cha maji ni Mto Holsloot, ambao huingiza maji kwenye hifadhi ya bwawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>aimokybjw10gqj3rybrhgil81gyw4n3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Bridle Drift</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241562</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576678</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:25:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Bridle Drift''' ni bwawa la aina ya rock-fill lililojengwa kwenye Mto Buffalo karibu na mji wa East London katika Mkoa wa Eastern Cape nchini South Africa.  Bwawa hili lilijengwa kwa mara ya kwanza mwaka 1969 na kufanyiwa ukarabati mwaka 1994.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bridle Drift RQS DAMS 2004-05-21 - 08:17:50|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/bridle_drift.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Marejeo  == Marej...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="578" sha1="6sn63007gux03ur3z1k6zui3fk1iww5" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Bridle Drift''' ni bwawa la aina ya rock-fill lililojengwa kwenye Mto Buffalo karibu na mji wa East London katika Mkoa wa Eastern Cape nchini South Africa.

Bwawa hili lilijengwa kwa mara ya kwanza mwaka 1969 na kufanyiwa ukarabati mwaka 1994.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bridle Drift RQS DAMS 2004-05-21 - 08:17:50|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/bridle_drift.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Marejeo

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>6sn63007gux03ur3z1k6zui3fk1iww5</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Buffeljags</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241563</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576679</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:32:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa la Buffeljags''' ni bwawa la aina ya gravity/earth-fill lililojengwa kwenye Mto Buffeljags karibu na mji wa Swellendam katika Mkoa wa Western Cape nchini [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika Kusini.]]  Bwawa hili lilijengwa mwaka 1967 na kufanyiwa ukarabati mwaka 1983.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Buffeljags {{!}} Xplorio Swellendam|url=https://xplorio.com/swellendam/en/about/areas/buffeljags/|work=Xplorio|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;  == Marejeo == &lt;references /&gt; {{M...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="554" sha1="0exhpyz3j3z5wzaz5ws2xkck2usgf8a" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa la Buffeljags''' ni bwawa la aina ya gravity/earth-fill lililojengwa kwenye Mto Buffeljags karibu na mji wa Swellendam katika Mkoa wa Western Cape nchini [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika Kusini.]]

Bwawa hili lilijengwa mwaka 1967 na kufanyiwa ukarabati mwaka 1983.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Buffeljags {{!}} Xplorio Swellendam|url=https://xplorio.com/swellendam/en/about/areas/buffeljags/|work=Xplorio|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>0exhpyz3j3z5wzaz5ws2xkck2usgf8a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Prosper ug</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>241564</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576684</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:48:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>81277</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Karibu</comment>
      <origin>1576684</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="3461" sha1="dy9vt114uxnwxn8fzykjo1n7ar1gne4" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%&quot;&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
* do not use as references &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, though you can use their references by writing them themselves.
As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems.
&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
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        <id>81277</id>
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      <comment>Karibu</comment>
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&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
* do not use as references &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, though you can use their references by writing them themselves.
As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems.
&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
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      <comment>Karibu</comment>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3461" sha1="dy9vt114uxnwxn8fzykjo1n7ar1gne4" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%&quot;&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
* do not use as references &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, though you can use their references by writing them themselves.
As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems.
&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>dy9vt114uxnwxn8fzykjo1n7ar1gne4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Shaabani shuaibu</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>241567</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576687</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:48:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>81277</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Karibu</comment>
      <origin>1576687</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3461" sha1="dy9vt114uxnwxn8fzykjo1n7ar1gne4" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%&quot;&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
* do not use as references &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, though you can use their references by writing them themselves.
As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems.
&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>dy9vt114uxnwxn8fzykjo1n7ar1gne4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ramadhannn</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>241568</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576688</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:48:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>81277</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Karibu</comment>
      <origin>1576688</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3461" sha1="dy9vt114uxnwxn8fzykjo1n7ar1gne4" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%&quot;&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
* do not use as references &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, though you can use their references by writing them themselves.
As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems.
&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>dy9vt114uxnwxn8fzykjo1n7ar1gne4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:PDiggah</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>241569</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576689</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:49:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>81277</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Karibu</comment>
      <origin>1576689</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3461" sha1="seic50398ey4o9rwdh7a06qkb16fdvp" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%&quot;&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
* do not use as references &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, though you can use their references by writing them themselves.
As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems.
&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>seic50398ey4o9rwdh7a06qkb16fdvp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Corretor bissexto</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>241570</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576690</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:49:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>81277</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Karibu</comment>
      <origin>1576690</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3461" sha1="seic50398ey4o9rwdh7a06qkb16fdvp" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%&quot;&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
* do not use as references &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, though you can use their references by writing them themselves.
As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems.
&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>seic50398ey4o9rwdh7a06qkb16fdvp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:C6choux</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>241571</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576691</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:49:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>81277</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Karibu</comment>
      <origin>1576691</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3461" sha1="seic50398ey4o9rwdh7a06qkb16fdvp" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%&quot;&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
* do not use as references &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, though you can use their references by writing them themselves.
As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems.
&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>seic50398ey4o9rwdh7a06qkb16fdvp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ueldelinor</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>241572</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576692</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:49:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>81277</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Karibu</comment>
      <origin>1576692</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3461" sha1="seic50398ey4o9rwdh7a06qkb16fdvp" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%&quot;&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
* do not use as references &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, though you can use their references by writing them themselves.
As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems.
&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>seic50398ey4o9rwdh7a06qkb16fdvp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Yusuph Ngumiji</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>241573</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576693</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:49:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>81277</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Karibu</comment>
      <origin>1576693</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3461" sha1="seic50398ey4o9rwdh7a06qkb16fdvp" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%&quot;&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;big&gt;Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!&lt;/big&gt;'''&lt;/p&gt;

Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. 

Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa &quot;'''Dawati'''&quot; chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya &quot;'''Switch to old look'''&quot; kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto.

Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]]
* [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] 
* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] &lt;small&gt;(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] &lt;small&gt;(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]]
Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye &quot;Ukurasa wa mtumiaji&quot;. Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. 

&lt;big&gt;'''Ujue miiko:'''&lt;/big&gt;
* usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. 
* usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). 
* usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]].
* usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja.
Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana!


&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: 5em;&quot;&gt;'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''&lt;/p&gt;
We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. 
And, please: 
* '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili)
* nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site!
* do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. 
* do not use as references &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, though you can use their references by writing them themselves.
As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems.
&lt;/div&gt; '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 26 Juni 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>seic50398ey4o9rwdh7a06qkb16fdvp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwawa la Buffelspoort</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241574</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1576694</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-26T09:53:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Castro255</username>
        <id>89781</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bwawa''' '''la''' '''Buffelspoort''' ni bwawa la aina ya arch lililojengwa kwenye Mto Sterkstroom, ambao ni tawi la Mto Crocodile, katika Mkoa wa North West nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].  Lengo kuu la Bwawa la Buffelspoort ni kuhifadhi maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mashamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/r...'</comment>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="591" sha1="4855z4relt0wvcuhy0wnkn9cpm0alry" xml:space="preserve">'''Bwawa''' '''la''' '''Buffelspoort''' ni bwawa la aina ya arch lililojengwa kwenye Mto Sterkstroom, ambao ni tawi la Mto Crocodile, katika Mkoa wa North West nchini [[Afrika Kusini]].

Lengo kuu la Bwawa la Buffelspoort ni kuhifadhi maji kwa ajili ya umwagiliaji wa mashamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=RQS South African DAMS index 2004-05-21 - 07:39:17|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za:80/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm|work=www.dwaf.gov.za|accessdate=2026-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
[[Jamii:AWC 2026]]
[[Jamii:Maji]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>4855z4relt0wvcuhy0wnkn9cpm0alry</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>