Wikipedia swwiki https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwanzo MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.10 first-letter Media Maalum Majadiliano Mtumiaji Majadiliano ya mtumiaji Wikipedia Majadiliano ya Wikipedia Faili Majadiliano ya faili MediaWiki Majadiliano ya MediaWiki Kigezo Majadiliano ya kigezo Msaada Majadiliano ya msaada Jamii Majadiliano ya jamii Lango Majadiliano ya lango Wikichanzo Majadiliano ya Wikichanzo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2347 1579157 1497311 2026-07-12T03:16:39Z Kisare 60080 1579157 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Malawi | jina_asili = Dziko la Malaŵi ([[Chichewa]])</br> Charu cha Malaŵi ([[Chitumbuka]]) | bendera = Flag of Malawi.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of Malawi.svg | kaulimbiu = "Umoja na Uhuru" | wimbo = "Mlungu dalitsani Malaŵi" ([[Chichewa]])</br> "Mungu Ibariki Nchi Yetu ya Malawi" | ramani = Malawi (orthographic projection).svg | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Lilongwe]] | majiranukta1 = 13°57′S | majiranukta2 = 33°42′E | lugha_rasmi = [[Kiingereza]] | lugha_taifa = | kiongozi1 = [[Lazarus Chakwera]] | kiongozi2 = [[Michael Usi]] | cheo_kiongozi1 = [[Rais]] | cheo_kiongozi2 = [[Naibu rais]] | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia''' | tukio1 = Ufalme wa Uhuru kutoka Uingereza | tukio2 = [[Jamhuri]] | tukio3 = Katiba ya sasa | tukio4 = | tukio1_tarehe = 6 Julai 1964 | tukio2_tarehe = 6 Julai 1966 | tukio3_tarehe = 18 Mei 1994 | tukio4_tarehe = | eneo_jumla = 118,484 | cheo_eneo = 98 | maji = 20.6% | ardhi = | watu_kadirio = 21,240,689 | mwaka_kadirio = 2024 | msongamano = 153.1 | mwaka_plt_ppp = 2023 | plt_ppp = {{increase}} $37.919 Bilioni | cheo_plt_ppp = 137 | plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $1,668 | cheo_plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = 186 | plt = {{increase}} $13.176 Bilioni | mwaka_plt = 2023 | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $579 | cheo_plt = 149 | cheo_plt_kwa_mtu = 190 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | maendeleo = {{increase}} 0.517</br> {{chini}} | cheo_hdi = 172 | gini = 44.7 | mwaka_gini = 2016 | fedha = [[Kwacha ya Malawi]] | majira_saa = +2 (CAT) | udereva = | msimbo_simu = 265 | tld = .mw }} '''Malawi''', rasmi '''Jamhuri ya Malawi''' ni nchi katika [[Afrika ya Kusini]]-Mashariki, inayopakana na [[Tanzania]] kaskazini, [[Msumbiji]] kusini na mashariki, na [[Zambia]] magharibi. Mnamo 2024, ina idadi ya watu takriban milioni 21.2, na kuwa nchi ya 62 kwa ukubwa wa idadi ya watu duniani. Jiji lake kubwa zaidi na mji mkuu ni [[Lilongwe]]. Jamhuri ya Malawi ni jamhuri ya rais wa umoja na ina eneo la kilomita za mraba 118,484, ikiwa ya 98 kwa ukubwa duniani. [[Kiingereza]] ndiyo lugha rasmi ya Malawi. [[Jina]] la nchi limeteuliwa kutokana na [[ufalme]] wa kihistoria wa [[Maravi]]. ==Jiografia== Sehemu kubwa ya eneo lake ni [[ziwa]] linaloitwa na majirani "[[Ziwa Nyasa]]" au "Niassa", lakini "Ziwa Malawi" hapa nchini. Kati ya Malawi na Tanzania kuna [[mzozo]] kuhusu eneo la ziwa ambao unazidi kufanyiwa kazi. == Historia == Wakazi wa kwanza wa Malawi walikuwa [[wawindaji-wakusanyaji]] [[Wasan]]. Katika [[karne ya 10]] [[BK]] walifika [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]]. Wengi walizidi kuelekea [[kusini]], lakini wengine walihamia nchini. Hakuna habari za [[maandishi|kimaandishi]] kabla ya kufika kwa [[Wazungu]]. Tangu [[karne ya 16]] ufalme wa [[Wamaravi]] ulikuwepo upande wa kusini wa ziwa. Wamaravi walipanua [[utawala]] wao. Lakini katika [[karne ya 19]] walishambuliwa sana na [[Wayao]] walioendesha [[biashara ya watumwa]] wakiwakamata katika eneo la ziwa na kuwapeleka hadi pwani ya [[Bahari Hindi]] kama vile [[Kilwa]]. Mwaka [[1859]] [[Mwingereza]] [[David Livingstone]] alifika ziwani. [[Wamisionari]] walimfuata, hasa [[Wakalvini|Wapresbiteri]] kutoka [[Uskoti]], waliotafuta wafuasi wa [[Ukristo]] na kumpambana na [[wafanyabiashara]] ya [[utumwa]]. Mwaka [[1891]] [[serikali]] ya [[Uingereza]] iliweka nchi upande wa magharibi na kusini kwa ziwa chini ya [[ulinzi]] wake ikawa „Nyassaland Protectorate“, halafu tangu [[1907]] [[koloni]] la [[Unyasa]]. Wakati wa [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia]] Waingereza waliogopa kushambuliwa kutoka [[Afrika ya Mashariki ya Kijerumani]] wakachukua hatua za kudai huduma za nyongeza kutoka kwa wananchi. Hii ilisababisha [[ghasia]] ya [[John Chilembwe]] dhidi ya wakoloni. Baada ya [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia]] Waingereza waliunganisha Unyasa na [[Rhodesia]] (leo [[Zambia]] na [[Zimbabwe]]) kuwa [[Shirikisho la Afrika ya Kati]] mwaka [[1953]]. [[Shirikisho]] hilo halikudumu hadi mwisho wa ukoloni kutokana mielekeo tofautitofauti katika sehemu tatu za shirikisho. Katika Unyasa [[daktari]] [[Hastings Kamuzu Banda]] alijitokeza kuwa [[mwanasiasa]] aliyependelewa na wananchi wengi, akawa [[waziri mkuu]] wakati wa Unyasa kupata [[madaraka ya kujitawala]] katika mambo ya ndani na baadaye [[rais]] wa kwanza wa [[taifa]]. Mwaka [[1964]] Unyasa (Nyassaland) ilikuwa [[nchi huru]] kabisa lakini bado sehemu ya [[Jumuiya ya Madola]] chini ya [[malkia]] wa Uingereza kwa miaka miwili ya kwanza. Mwaka [[1966]] Banda alitangaza [[kura]] ya [[katiba]] mpya iliyopokewa na wananchi. Nchi ilipata jina la Malawi na [[chama]] cha [[Malawi Congress Party]] kikawa [[chama pekee]]. Banda aliendelea kutawala, akatangazwa kuwa rais kwa muda wote wa maisha yake mwaka [[1971]]. Mabadiliko ya kimataifa baada ya kuporomoka kwa [[Ukomunisti]] na [[ukuta wa Berlin]] miaka [[1989]]/[[1990]] yalileta shinikizo kote Afrika dhidi ya serikali zilizofuata mtindo wa chama kimoja. Shinikizo hilo lilimkuta Banda [[mzee]] na [[mgonjwa]] ilhali watu wa [[familia]] yake wakitawala kupitia yeye. Hali ya [[uchumi]] ilikuwa duni, [[rushwa]] na [[magendo]] juu. Mwaka [[1993]] serikali yake ililazimishwa kukubali kura ya wananchi wote walioamua kumaliza [[mfumo wa chama kimoja]] na kuanzisha kipindi kipya. [[Uchaguzi]] huru wa mwaka [[1994]] ulimaliza utawala wa MCP ukamfanya [[Bakili Muluzi]] wa [[United Democratic Front]] (UDF) ndiye rais aliyechaguliwa mara ya pili [[1999]]. Katika uchaguzi wa mwaka [[2004]] alishinda tena [[mgombea]] wa UDF, ndiye [[Bingu Mutharika]] aliyeapishwa kuwa rais wa Malawi tarehe [[24 Mei]] [[2004]] huko [[Blantyre]]. == Siasa na Utawala == Malawi ilikuwa na siasa ya chama kimoja chini ya rais wa kwanza [[Hastings Kamuzu Banda]] tangu kupata uhuru mwaka 1964 na masahihisho ya katiba 1966. Tangu kura ya wananchi mwaka 1993 Malawi imeanzisha [[mfumo wa vyama vingi]] vya kisiasa. Kutokana na katiba ya 1995 rais wa taifa anayechaguliwa na wananchi ndiye mkuu wa dola pia mkuu wa serikali. Makamu wa rais anachaguliwa pamoja naye lakini rais ana haki ya kumteua makamu wa pili asiyetoka katika chama chake. Ma[[waziri]] huteuliwa ama kati ya [[wabunge]] au nje ya [[bunge]]. Wabunge 193 wanachaguliwa moja kwa moja na wananchi kwa muda wa miaka mitano. [[Mahakama]] zinafuata mtindo wa Uingereza. Ma[[jaji]] huteuliwa kwa muda wa maisha; wanatakiwa kuwa huru na kutoathiriwa na siasa. Utawala hutekelezwa katika [[mkoa|mikoa]] mitatu ya nchi zinazogawiwa katika [[wilaya]] 28. Wakuu wa mikoa na wilaya huteuliwa na serikali kuu. Mnamo Novemba 2000 palitokea uchaguzi wa kwanza wa ngazi ya chini mjini na vijijini. === Utawala === [[Serikali za mitaa]] zimeundwa na wilaya 28 katika maeneo matatu (Kaskazini, Kati na Kusini) yanayotawaliwa na Watawala wa Maeneo na Wakuu wa Wilaya ambao wanachaguliwa na [[serikali kuu]]. Chini ya ngazi ya wilaya kuna [[tarafa]] na [[vijiji]] vinavyoitwa maeneo madogo ya ma[[chifu]]. Uchaguzi wa kwanza wa Serikali za mitaa katika [[historia]] ya mfumo wa vyama vingi ulifanyika mnamo [[21 Novemba]] 2000. UDF ilishinda asilimia 70 ya viti hivi katika uchaguzi huu. Wilaya ni hizi zifuatazo: *[[Wilaya ya Balaka|Balaka]], *[[Wilaya ya Blantyre|Blantyre]], *[[Wilaya ya Chikwawa|Chikwawa]], *[[Wilaya ya Chiradzulu|Chiradzulu]], *[[Wilaya ya Chitipa|Chitipa]], *[[Wilaya ya Dedza|Dedza]], *[[Wilaya ya Dowa|Dowa]], *[[Wilaya ya Karonga|Karonga]], *[[Wilaya ya Kasungu|Kasungu]], *[[Wilaya ya Likoma|Likoma]], *[[Wilaya ya Lilongwe|Lilongwe]], *[[Wilaya ya Machinga|Machinga]], *[[Wilaya ya Mangochi|Mangochi]], *[[Wilaya ya Mchinji|Mchinji]], *[[Wilaya ya Mulanje|Mulanje]], *[[Wilaya ya Mwanza, Malawi|Mwanza]], *[[Wilaya ya Mzimba|Mzimba]], *[[Wilaya ya Nkhata Bay|Nkhata Bay]], *[[Wilaya ya Nkhotakota|Nkhotakota]], *[[Wilaya ya Nsanje|Nsanje]], *[[Wilaya ya Ntcheu|Ntcheu]], *[[Wilaya ya Ntchisi|Ntchisi]], *[[Wilaya ya Phalombe|Phalombe]], *[[Wilaya ya Rumphi|Rumphi]], *[[Wilaya ya Salima|Salima]], *[[Wilaya ya Thyolo|Thyolo]], *[[Wilaya ya Zomba|Zomba]]. == Demografia == '''Malawi''' ina wakazi takribani milioni 22.2 mwaka 2025, na kasi ya ukuaji wa asilimia 2.6 kwa mwaka, huku wastani wa umri ukiwa miaka 18.1. Kiwango cha uzazi ni watoto 3.5 kwa kila [[mwanamke]], na matarajio ya kuishi miaka 67.7 (71 [[mwanamke|wanawake]], 64.4 wanaume). Nchi hii ina changamoto kuu ya [[afya|kiafya]], kwani vifo vya watoto wachanga ni 29/1,000 <ref>{{Rejea habari|title=Infant Mortality rate in Malawi|publisher=Worldbank|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.IMRT.IN?locations=MW|access-date=2025-09-10|website=www.data.worldbank.org|lang=en}}</ref> na vifo vya watoto chini ya miaka mitano 37.4/1,000. Takribani asilimia 18.28 wanaishi [[mji|mijini]]<ref>{{Rejea habari|title=Urbanization in Malawi|publisher=Statista|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/520601/urbanization-in-malawi/|access-date=2025-09-10|website=www.statista.com}}</ref>, na msongamano wa watu ni 218/km². === Kabila === Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila|makabila]] ya [[Wabantu]] na wanatumia [[lugha za Kibantu]], hasa [[Kichewa]] (zaidi ya 57%), lakini [[lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kiingereza]]. === Dini === [[File:Blantyre Cathedral - 7359582894.jpg|thumb|200px|Limbe Cathedral, Malawi]] Upande wa [[dini]], kadiri ya [[sensa]] ya mwaka [[2018]], wakazi wengi ni [[Wakristo]] (77.5%, kati yao Wakatoliki 17.2%), wakifuatwa na [[Waislamu]] (13.8%). ==Ushiriki katika Mashirika ya Kimataifa== *[[African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States|ACP]], *[[African Union|AU]], *[[Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika|AfDB]], *[[Jumuia ya Madola]], *[[Customs Cooperation Council|CCC]], *[[ECA]], Economic Commission for Africa *[[FAO]], Food and Agriculture Organization *[[Group of 77|G-77]], *[[International Bank for Reconstruction and Development|IBRD]], *[[International Civil Aviation Organization|ICAO]], *[[International Criminal Court|ICCt]], *[[International Confederation of Free Trade Unions|ICFTU]], *[[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|ICRM]], *[[International Development Association|IDA]], *[[International Fund for Agricultural Development|IFAD]], *[[International Finance Corporation|IFC]], *[[International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies|IFRCS]], *[[International Labour Organization|ILO]], *[[IMF]], International Monetary Fund *[[International Maritime Organization|IMO]], *[[International Telecommunications Satellite Organization|Intelsat]], *[[International Criminal Police Organization|Interpol]], *[[International Olympic Committee|IOC]], *[[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]]&nbsp;(correspondent), *[[International Telecommunication Union|ITU]], *[[Non-Aligned Movement|NAM]], *[[Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons|OPCW]], *[[SADC]], Southern African Development Community *[[UNO]], United Nations Organization *[[UNCTAD]], United Nations Conference on Trade and Development *[[UNESCO]], *[[United Nations Industrial Development Organization|UNIDO]], *[[United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo|UNMIK]], *[[Universal Postal Union|UPU]], *[[World Federation of Trade Unions|WFTU]], *[[WHO]], World Health Organization *[[World Intellectual Property Organization|WIPO]], *[[World Meteorological Organization|WMO]], *[[World Tourism Organization|WToO]], *[[World Trade Organization|WTrO]] ==Tazama pia== *[[Orodha ya lugha za Malawi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons}} *[http://www.malawi.gov.mw/ Government of the Republic of Malawi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/ |date=20200416051012 }} Official website *[http://www.malawidemocrat.com/ ''Malawi Democrat Newspaper''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.malawidemocrat.com/ |date=20110131151832 }} Lilongwe based *[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-m/malawi.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-m/malawi.html |date=20100528055019 }} *{{CIA_World_Factbook link|mi|Malawi}} *[http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/malawi.htm Malawi] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/malawi.htm |date=20080607085154 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' *{{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Malawi}} *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13864367 Malawi profile] from the [[BBC News]] *{{Wikiatlas|Malawi}} *[http://www.mwnation.com/ ''Nation Malawi''] daily [[Blantyre]]-based newspaper *[http://www.nyasatimes.com/ ''Nyasa Times Online''] based in United Kingdom and Blantyre *[http://www.bnltimes.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=4&Itemid=120 ''The Daily Times''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bnltimes.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=4&Itemid=120 |date=20170630141741 }} daily [[Blantyre]]-based newspaper *[http://hdrstats.undp.org/countries/country_fact_sheets/cty_fs_MWI.html Human Development Report 2007/2008] {{Wayback|url=http://hdrstats.undp.org/countries/country_fact_sheets/cty_fs_MWI.html |date=20090404070723 }} *[http://www.maravipost.com/ Maravi Post] *[[Global Lives Project]] video recording of 24 hours of daily life of [http://globallives.org/participants/edith-ngwale-village-zomba-district-malawi/ Edith Kaphuka in Ngwale Village, Malawi] * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=MW Key Development Forecasts for Malawi] from [[International Futures]] *[http://lovesupportunite.org/ ''Love Support Unite Foundation''] UK-based charity organising volunteers in Malawi {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Malawi]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]] [[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Maendeleo Kusini mwa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] ttyfbck6qw6qlvbaql64vr6q5w7m1mt 0 2488 1579156 1500441 2026-07-12T03:14:45Z ~2026-39181-98 90868 1579156 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Madagaska | jina_asili = ''Repoblikan’i Madagasikara'' (Malagasy) <br> ''République de Madagascar'' (French) | bendera = File:Flag of Madagascar.svg | nembo = File:Seal of Madagascar.svg | kaulimbiu = ''Fitiavana, Tanindrazana, Fandrosoana'' <br> (''Love, Fatherland, Progress'') | wimbo = ''Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô!'' | ramani = Madagascar (orthographic projection).svg | miji_mikuu = Antananarivo | lugha_rasmi = Malagasy, French | mwaka_kabila = 2017 | kabila = {{plainlist| *Wamerina *Wabetsimisaraka *Wabetsileo *Watsimihety *Wasakalava *Waantaisaka *Waantandroy *Makabila Mengine }} | serikali = Utawala wa kijeshi | kiongozi1 = [[Michael Randrianirina]] | kiongozi2 = [[Mamitiana Rajaonarison]] | cheo_kiongozi1 = Rais | cheo_kiongozi2 = Waziri Mkuu | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia''' | tukio1 = Ufalme wa Madagascar | tukio2 = Koloni la Kifaransa | tukio3 = Uhuru kutoka Ufaransa | tukio1_tarehe = Karne ya 16 | tukio2_tarehe = 6 Agosti 1896 | tukio3_tarehe = 26 Juni 1960 | eneo_jumla = 592,796 km² | cheo_eneo = 46 | maji = 0.9% | watu_kadirio = 31,964,956 | mwaka_kadirio = 2024 | msongamano = 55/km² | pato_ppp = {{increase}} $56.754 bilioni | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $1,906 | plt = {{increase}} $15.763 bilioni | mwaka_pato = 2023 | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $529 | maendeleo = {{steady}} 0.487 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2022 | gini = {{decrease}} 42.6 | mwaka_gini = 2012 | fedha = [[Ariary]] (MGA) | majira_saa = +3 (EAT) | msimbo_simu = 261 | tld = .mg }} [[Picha:Madagascar-carte.png|thumb|right|200px|Ramani ya Madagaska.]] '''Madagaska''', rasmi '''Jamhuri ya Madagaska''' ni [[nchi]] ya [[kisiwa]] iliyoko katika [[Bahari ya Hindi]], takriban kilomita 400 (maili 250) kutoka pwani ya kusini-mashariki mwa [[Afrika]]. Ni kisiwa cha nne kwa ukubwa duniani, kikiwa na eneo la kilomita za mraba 592,796 (maili za mraba 228,880). Nchi hii inajulikana kwa viumbe hai wake wa kipekee, ambapo zaidi ya 90% ya [[wanyama]] na [[mmea|mimea]] yake hupatikana tu huko. Madagaska ina mifumo mbalimbali ya ikolojia, ikiwa ni pamoja na misitu ya mvua, misitu mikavu ya majani yanayopukutika, na maeneo ya miiba, na kuifanya kuwa moja ya maeneo muhimu zaidi ya viumbe hai duniani. Mji mkuu na mkubwa zaidi, [[Antananarivo]], ni kitovu cha [[siasa|kisiasa]], [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], na [[utamaduni|kitamaduni]] cha nchi. Kisiwa hiki kilianza kuwa na watu wanaozungumza lugha za Kiaustronesia karibu mwaka 500 BK, na baadaye kulifuata uhamiaji kutoka Afrika, Mashariki ya Kati, na Ulaya. Madagaska baadaye ilikuwa Ufalme wa Imerina kabla ya kutawaliwa na Ufaransa mnamo 1896. Nchi ilipata uhuru wake kutoka kwa Ufaransa tarehe 26 Juni 1960, na sasa ni jamhuri ya umoja yenye mfumo wa nusu-urais. Lugha rasmi ni Kimalagasi na Kifaransa, na idadi kubwa ya watu wanafuata Ukristo, mara nyingi ukiwa umechanganyika na imani za jadi. Uchumi wa Madagaska unategemea sana kilimo, uchimbaji madini, na utalii, huku vanilla na karafuu zikiwa miongoni mwa mazao yanayouzwa nje. Hata hivyo, nchi inakabiliwa na changamoto kama vile ukosefu wa utulivu wa kisiasa, umaskini, na uharibifu wa mazingira. == Jina == [[Jina]] Madagaska lina maana ya "Kisiwa kikubwa" na linatokana na [[lugha]] ya wenyeji, [[Wamalagasi]] ambao waongea [[Kimalagasi]]. == Jiografia == {{main|Mikoa ya Madagaska|Orodha ya miji ya Madagaska}} Kisiwa chenyewe ni [[Orodha ya visiwa duniani|cha nne kwa ukubwa duniani]]. Upekee wa kisiwa unatokana na kwamba kilimeguka kutoka [[India]] miaka [[milioni]] 88 hivi iliyopita, halafu kilibaki bila [[watu]] hadi [[karne ya 5]] hivi [[BK]]. == Ekolojia == Kisiwa hicho ni pia [[mazingira]] makubwa ya aina ya [[violezo]] ambayo ni [[asilimia]] 5 ya violezo vyote vya [[mimea]] na [[wanyama]] vya [[dunia]] nzima. Asilimia 90 ya [[viumbehai]] asili ni maalumu wa Madagaska, kama vile wanyama aina ya [[kima]] awali wanaoitwa [[lemuri]], [[Ndege (mnyama)|ndege]] ambao waambukiza [[ugonjwa]] na [[mti]] wa [[mbuyu]]. == Historia == {{main|Historia ya Madagaska}} [[Picha:Andrianampoinimerina.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Mfalme [[Andrianampoinimerina]] ([[1787]]-[[1810]]).]] [[Picha:Merina Kingdom flag.svg|thumb|Bendera ya Ufalme wa Merina.]] [[Picha:Coat of arms of the Merina Kingdom.svg|thumb|Nembo ya Ufalme wa Merina.]] Madagaska ni kati ya maeneo ya mwisho kufikiwa na kukaliwa na [[binadamu]]. Wa kwanza kufika walitokea visiwa vya [[Indonesia]] (kama mwaka [[350]]-[[550]] [[BK]]). Baadaye tu walihamia watu kutoka [[bara]] la Afrika (mwaka [[1000]] hivi) na wengineo ([[Waarabu]], [[Wahindi]], [[Wazungu]], [[Wachina]] n.k.). Kuanzia mwaka [[1787]] hadi mwaka [[1897]] kisiwa kilizidi kuunganishwa kisiasa chini ya [[Ufalme wa Merina]]. Watawala walikuwa watu kutoka [[familia]] ya [[Andrianampoinimerina]], [[mwanzilishi]] wa [[taifa]] hilo, ambaye alikuwa ametokea katika [[kabila]] la [[Wamerina]] Kabila hilo lilikuwa kubwa na muhimu kuliko yote 18 ya kisiwa hicho. Makazi yake yalikuwa katika [[nyanda za juu|uwanda wa juu]] wa kati lakini lilienea sehemu kubwa ya Bukini. [[Wamerina]] walikuwa na [[makao makuu]] ya utawala wao [[Antananarivo]]; baada ya kugawiwa kwa ufalme wao mnamo 1710 kitovu cha malaka kati ya Wamerina ikahamia kwenye mlima wa [[Ambohimanga]] lakini tangu kuunganishwa kwa Wamerina mnamo 1794 mji mkuu ukulikuwa tena Atananarivo. Kutoka hapo waliweza kueneza mamlaka yao katika sehemu nyingine za kisiwa hicho. Makabila yote ya wenyeji yalizungumza [[lugha]] moja na yalikuwa na [[mila]] na [[desturi]] zinazofanana, hivyo yaliweza kujenga [[umoja]] wa [[utamaduni|kiutamaduni]] uliowafanya wawe [[jamii]] moja kimsingi. Watawala hao wa kifalme waliweza kutekeleza mambo mbalimbali kuendeleza Bukini katika vipindi vyao kabla ya kuja kwa wageni kutoka [[Uingereza]] na [[Ufaransa]] ambao kwa kiasi fulani ulidhoofisha [[mamlaka]] ya kifalme. Kisiwa hicho hatimaye kiligeuzwa kuwa [[koloni]] la Ufaransa. Hii ni kwa kuwa, ingawa [[sera ya kuisasisha]] ya [[Bukini]] kwa namna fulani iliimarisha uwezo wa [[nchi]] hiyo wa kutetea [[uhuru]] wake, lakini kwa ujumla sera hiyo ilidhoofisha [[ufalme]] huo kwa kuongeza [[utegemezi]] wake kwa [[mataifa ya kigeni]]. == Demografia == [[File:Madagascar Kids 5 (4814978342).jpg|thumb|Mtoto wa Kimalagasi anayeonyesha kuwa na mchanganyiko wa damu.]] Mwaka [[2018]] idadi ya wakazi ilikadiriwa kuwa milioni 26.3. Wenyeji wengi wana mchanganyiko wa [[damu]]: [[DNA]] inaonyesha kuwa wakazi wa kwanza kutoka Indonesia wameichangia asilimia 50 hivi na Waafrika vilevile. Wanaoishi sehemu za ndani ni wa Kiindonesia zaidi, wakati wale wa pwani ni wa Kiafrika zaidi. === Lugha === [[Lugha ya taifa]] ni Kimalagasi. [[Lugha rasmi]] za Madagaska ni Kimalagasi na [[Kifaransa]] (angalia pia [[orodha ya lugha za Madagaska]]). === Dini === Mwaka 1993 nchini Madagaska kulikuwa na [[dini za jadi]] (52% hivi), [[Ukristo]] (41%, [[Waprotestanti]] wakiwazidi kidogo [[Wakatoliki]]), [[Uislamu]] (7% hivi) n.k. Tangu hapo wafuasi wengi wa dini za jadi wameongokea Ukristo, hasa wa Kiprotestanti. === Utamaduni === Pamoja na kutokea mazingira tofauti sana, Wamalagasi wamechanganyikana sana na kuwa na [[utamaduni]] na lugha aina moja, ya Kiindonesia zaidi. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] ==Marejeo== {{Refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |last = Acquier |first = Jean-Louis |title = Architectures de Madagascar |publisher = Berger-Levrault | location = Berlin |year = 1997 |isbn = 978-2-7003-1169-3|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Ade Ajayi | first = Jacob Festus | title = General history of Africa: Africa in the nineteenth century until the 1880s | publisher = UNESCO | location = Paris | year = 1989 |isbn = 978-0-520-03917-9 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=sMpMuJalFKoC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last = Adelaar | first = Alexander | contribution = The Indonesian migrations to Madagascar: Making sense of the multidisciplinary evidence | title = Austronesian diaspora and the ethnogeneses of people in Indonesian archipelago | editor-last = Simanjuntak, Truman; Pojoh, Ingrid Harriet Eileen; Hisyam, Muhamad | publisher = LIPI Press |location = Jakarta, Indonesia | year = 2006 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=Szvr5hUtD5kC&printsec=frontcover |isbn = 978-979-26-2436-6}} * {{cite book | last = Ames | first = Glenn Joseph | title =Distant lands and diverse cultures: the French experience in Asia, 1600–1700| publisher = Greenwood Publishing Group | location = New York | year = 2003 |isbn = 978-0-313-30864-2}} * {{cite book | last1 = Auzias | first1 = Dominique | first2 =Jean-Paul | last2 = Labourdette | title = Petit Futé: Madagascar 2008 | location = Paris | publisher = Petit Futé | year= 2008 | isbn = 978-2-7469-1982-2|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Barendse | first = R.J. | title = The Arabian seas: the Indian Ocean world of the seventeenth century | publisher = M.E. Sharpe | location = Berlin | year = 2002| isbn = 978-0-7656-0729-4 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=_qvq9dN8j5MC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book |last = Bradt |first= Hilary |title=Madagascar, 10th Ed.: The Bradt Travel Guide |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |location=London |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-84162-341-2 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=uTRPnMlOcwgC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Browning | first = Christopher R. | title = The Origins of the Final Solution | publisher = Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority | location = Jerusalem | year = 2004 | isbn = 3-540-63293-X |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=jHQdRHNdK44C&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book |last=Campbell |first=Gwyn |title=An economic history of Imperial Madagascar, 1750–1895: the rise and fall of an island empire |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location = London|year=2005 |isbn=0-521-83935-1 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=13Yt9jLuKzsC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last1= Chapus | first1 = G.S. | last2= Mondain | first2 = G. | year = 1953 | title = Un homme d'etat malgache: Rainilaiarivony | publisher = Editions Diloutremer | location = Paris|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Cousins | first = William Edward | title = Madagascar of to-day: A sketch of the island, with chapters on its past history and present prospects | publisher = The Religious Tract Society | location = London | year = 1895 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=gvREAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Curtin | first = Philip D. | title = Disease and empire: the health of European troops in the conquest of Africa | url = https://archive.org/details/diseaseempirehea0000curt | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1998 | location = Cambridge, MA | isbn = 978-0-521-59835-4}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last = Davies | first = S.J.J.F. |contribution = Birds I: Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins | title = Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia | editor-first = Michael | editor-last = Hutchins | volume = 8 |edition = 2 | publisher = Gale Group |location = Farmington Hills, MI |isbn = 0-7876-5784-0 | year = 2003}} * {{cite book | last = Deschamps | first = Hubert Jules | title = Histoire de Madagascar | publisher = Berger-Levrault | location = Ann Arbor, MI | year = 1965 |language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Ellis | first = William | title = Three visits to Madagascar during&nbsp;... 1853-1854-1856 | publisher = Oxford University | location = London | year = 1859 |url = http://books.google.com/?id=nPoGAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book |last1=Emoff |first1=Ron |year=2004 |title =Island Musics |chapter = Spitting into the wind: Multi-edged environmentalism in Malagasy song | editor-last = Dawe | editor-first = Kevin |publisher=Berg |location = New York |url=http://books.google.com/?id=owU3-pCIvyYC&printsec=frontcover |isbn = 978-1-85973-703-3}} * {{cite book | last1= Fage | first1 = J.D. | last2= Flint| first2 = J.E. |last3=Oliver |first3=R.A. | year = 1986 | title = The Cambridge History of Africa: From c. 1790 to c. 1870 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = London | isbn = 0-521-20413-5 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=BOHYn7J4YzQC&printsec=frontcover }} * {{cite book |last=Fournet-Guérin |first=Catherine |title=Vivre à Tananarive: géographie du changement dans la capitale malgache |publisher=Karthala Editions |location = Antananarivo, Madagascar |year=2007 |isbn=978-2-84586-869-4 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=U_NHlyeI3mcC&printsec=frontcover|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Fox | first = Leonard | title = Hainteny: the traditional poetry of Madagascar | publisher = Bucknell University Press | year = 1990 | location = Lewisburg, PA | isbn = 978-0-8387-5175-6}} * {{cite book | last1 = Freeman | first1 = Joseph John |last2 = Johns |first2 = David | title = A narrative of the persecution of the Christians in Madagascar: with details of the escape of six Christian refugees now in England | publisher = J. Snow | location = London | year = 1840 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=rAMNAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Frémigacci | first = Jean | chapter = Le Rova de Tananarive: Destruction d'un lieu saint ou constitution d'une référence identitaire? | title = Histoire d'Afrique | url = https://archive.org/details/histoiredafrique0000unse | editor-last = Chrétien | editor-first = Jean-Pierre | year = 1999 | publisher = Editions Karthala | location = Paris |isbn = 978-2-86537-904-0|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Gallieni | first = Joseph-Simon | title = Neuf ans à Madagascar | publisher = Librairie Hachette | location = Paris | year = 1908 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=AL8RAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last1 = Heale | first1 = Jay | last2 = Abdul Latif | first2 =Zawiah | title = Cultures of the World: Madagascar | publisher = Marshall Cavendish | location = Tarrytown, NY | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-0-7614-3036-0 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=PJWLCYGo2RgC&printsec=frontcover }} * {{cite book | last1 = Hillstrom | first1 = Kevin | last2 = Collier Hillstrom | first2 =Laurie | title = Africa and the Middle East: a continental overview of environmental issues | publisher = ABC-CLIO | location = Santa Barbara, CA | year = 2003 | isbn = 978-1-57607-688-0 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=XxIk9zTm_e8C&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book| last1 = Hobbes | first1 = Joseph |last2 = Dolan| first2 = Andrew | title = World Regional Geography | publisher = Cengage Learning | location = Belmont, CA | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=yAgGHnENHjoC&printsec=frontcover | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-0-495-38950-7}} * {{cite book | last = Hodder | first = Ian | title = Symbolic and structural archaeology | publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = 1982 |location = New York | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=dWdwiY7ziRYC&printsec=frontcover | isbn = 978-0-521-24406-0}} * {{cite book | last = Kennedy | first = David | title = The Library of Congress World War II companion | url = https://archive.org/details/libraryofcongres0000wagn | publisher = Simon and Schuster | year = 2007 |location = New York | isbn = 978-0-7432-5219-5}} * {{cite book | last = Kent| first = Raymond | title = From Madagascar to the Malagasy Republic | url = https://archive.org/details/frommadagascarto0000kent| publisher = Greenwood Press | location = Ann Arbor, MI | year = 1976 |isbn = 978-0-8371-8421-0}} * {{cite book | last1 = Kitchen | first1 = Helen A. | title = The Educated African: a Country-by-Country Survey of Educational Development in Africa | location = Washington, D.C. | publisher = Praeger | year= 1962}} * {{cite book | last1 = Kull | first1 = Christian | title = Isle of Fire: The Political Ecology of Landscape Burning in Madagascar, Issue 246 | location = Chicago | publisher = University of Chicago Press | year= 2004 |isbn = 978-0-226-46141-0 |url = Isle of Fire: The Political Ecology of Landscape Burning in Madagascar, Issue 246}} * {{cite book |last1 = Kusimba |first1 = Chapurukha |last2 = Odland |first2 = J. Claire |last3 = Bronson |first3 = Bennet | title = Unwrapping the textile traditions of Madagascar | publisher = Regents of the University of California | series = Textile Series | location = Los Angeles | year = 2004 | isbn = 0-930741-95-1}} * {{cite book |last = Lehoullier |first= Sara |title=Madagascar: Travel Companion |publisher=Other Places Publishing |location=New York |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-9822619-5-8 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=QhAbnvPKaVUC&printsec=frontcover}} *{{cite book | last = Middleton | first = Karen | title = Ancestors, Power, and History in Madagascar | publisher = Brill | location = Los Angeles |year = 1999 | isbn = 978-90-04-11289-6 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=My4B9q9FTiYC&printsec=frontcover }} * {{cite book | last1 = Moriarty |first1 = H.A. | title = Islands in the southern Indian Ocean, westward of longitude 80 ̊east, including Madagascar |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=-NmhAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover | location = London | publisher = J. D. Potter | year= 1891}} * {{cite book | last1 = Nalla |first1 = Mahesh | title = Crime and Punishment Around the World: Volume 1, Africa | location = Los Angeles | publisher = ABC-CLIO| year= 2010 |isbn = 978-0-313-35133-4}} * {{cite book | last = Ogot | first = Bethwell | title = Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century | publisher = UNESCO|location = Paris| year = 1992 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=WAQbp7aLpZkC&printsec=frontcover| isbn = 978-92-3-101711-7}} * {{cite book | last1 = Oliver | first1 = Roland | first2 = John Donnelly | last2 = Fage | first3 =G.N. | last3 = Sanderson | title = The Cambridge History of Africa | publisher = Cambridge University Press | volume = 6 | year = 1985 | location = Cambridge, U.K. | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=xh-QcHRG3OwC&printsec=frontcover | isbn = 978-0-521-22803-9}} * {{cite book | first = Samuel Pasfield | last = Oliver | authorlink = Samuel Pasfield Oliver | title = Madagascar: an historical and descriptive account of the island and its former dependencies, Volume 1 | place = London | publisher = Macmillan | year = 1886 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=lKtBAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Pezzotta | first = Federico | title = Madagascar: a mineral and gemstone paradise | place = Ann Arbor, MI | publisher = University of Michigan | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-0-9715371-0-1}} * {{cite book |last = Pryor |first= Frederic L. |title=The political economy of poverty, equity, and growth: Malawi and Madagascar |publisher=World Bank |location=Washington, D.C. |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-19-520823-8 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=0P0fDzMA5lEC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last1 = Rabearivelo | first1 = Jean-Joseph | title = Translated from the Night | location = Pittsburgh, PA | publisher = Lascaux Editions | year= 2007 |origyear = 1936 (translation by Robert Ziller) | isbn = 978-1-60461-552-4 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=F-5I6QlMfJEC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Rajaonarimanana | first = Narivelo | title = Grammaire moderne de la langue malgache | publisher = Langues et mondes – l'Asiatheque | series = Langues INALCO | year = 2001 | location = Paris | isbn = 2-911053-79-6|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Ralibera | first = Daniel | title = Madagascar et le christianisme | location = Paris| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=GOeAT76TGN0C&printsec=frontcover| publisher = Editions Karthala | year = 1993 | isbn = 978-92-9028-211-2|language=fr}} * {{cite book |last=Randier |first=Jean |title=La Royale: L'histoire illustrée de la Marine nationale française |year=2006 |publisher=Babouji |location= Maîtres du Vent – La Falaise |isbn=2-35261-022-2|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Randrianary | first = Victor | title = Madagascar: les chants d'une île | publisher = Actes Sud |location = Paris | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-2-7427-3556-3|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Ratsimbazafy | first = Ernest | editor-last = Green | editor-first = Thomas | editor2-last = Svinth | editor2-first = Joseph | title = Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia of History and Innovation, Volume 2 | contribution = Moraingy | publisher = ABC CLIO | location = Santa Barbara, CA | year = 2010 | isbn = 978-1-59884-243-2 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=P-Nv_LUi6KgC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Reinsch | first = Paul Samuel | title = Colonial Administration | publisher = Macmillan | location = New York | year = 1905 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=bfsmAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last1 = Rodd | first1 = Tony |last2 = Stackhouse |first2 = Jennifer | title = Trees: A Visual Guide | publisher = University of California Press | location = Los Angeles | year = 2008 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=Mpsc2hsYk1YC&printsec=frontcover | isbn = 978-0-520-25650-7}} * {{cite book | last = Room | first = Adrian | title = Placenames of the world: origins and meanings of the names for 6,600 countries, cities, territories, natural features, and historic sites | publisher = McFarland | location = Jefferson, NC | year = 2006 | isbn = 978-0-7864-2248-7 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=M1JIPAN-eJ4C&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Sharp | first = Leslie | title = The Sacrificed Generation: Youth, History, and the Colonized Mind in Madagascar |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=5IFbKsKxYQYC&printsec=frontcover | location = Berkeley, CA |publisher = University of California Press | year = 2002 |isbn = 978-0-520-22951-8}} * {{cite book|last=Shillington|first= Kevin|title=Encyclopedia of African history|publisher=CRC Press|location = New York | year=2005 |isbn=1-57958-453-5}} * {{cite encyclopedia | last = Strakes | first = Jason | contribution = Armed Forces of the People | year = 2006 | title = Encyclopedia of the developing world | editor-last = Leonard | editor-first = Thomas M. | volume = 1 | place = New York | publisher = Taylor & Francis | isbn = 978-1-57958-388-0 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=3mE04D9PMpAC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last1= Thompson | first1 = Virginia | last2= Adloff | first2 = Richard | year = 1965 | title = The Malagasy Republic: Madagascar today | url= https://archive.org/details/malagasyrepublic0000thom | publisher = Stanford University Press |isbn = 978-0-8047-0279-9 | location = San Francisco, CA}} * {{cite book | last = Uwechue | first = Raph | title = Makers of modern Africa: profiles in history, Volume 1 | publisher = Africa Books Ltd | location = Dearborne, MI | year = 1981 |isbn = 978-0-903274-14-2}} * {{cite book |last=Van Den Boogaerde |first=Pierre|title=Shipwrecks of Madagascar |year=2008 |publisher=AEG Publishing Group |location= New York |isbn=978-1-60693-494-4 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=I_S1D8cnTiEC&pg=PT19 }} * {{cite book |last = Wink|first = André |title = Volume 3 of Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World: Indo-Islamic society, 14th–15th centuries |publisher = Brill | location = Leiden, The Netherlands |year = 2004 |isbn = 978-90-04-13561-1 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=nyYslywJUE8C&printsec=frontcover}} {{Refend}} == Viungo vya nje == {{commons|Madagascar}} * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13861843 Country Profile] from [[BBC News]] * {{CIA_World_Factbook link|ma|Madagascar}} * {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Madagascar}} * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/madagascar.htm Madagascar] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/madagascar.htm |date=20120829212249 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{wikiatlas|Madagascar}} * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=MG Key Development Forecasts for Madagascar] from [[International Futures]] {{coord|20|S|47|E|scale:10000000_source:GNS|display=title}} {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} [[Jamii:Madagaska|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Visiwa vya Afrika]] [[Jamii:Visiwa vya Bahari ya Hindi]] [[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Maendeleo Kusini mwa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] a1jx9ro41gwbgpldmjpar2adki01da4 1579195 1579156 2026-07-12T09:54:23Z ~2026-39359-08 90881 [[kifaransa]] 1579195 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Madagaska | jina_asili = ''Repoblikan’i Madagasikara'' (Malagasy) <br> ''République de Madagascar'' (Kifaransa) | bendera = File:Flag of Madagascar.svg | nembo = File:Seal of Madagascar.svg | kaulimbiu = ''Fitiavana, Tanindrazana, Fandrosoana'' <br> (''Love, Fatherland, Progress'') | wimbo = ''Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô!'' | ramani = Madagascar (orthographic projection).svg | miji_mikuu = Antananarivo | lugha_rasmi = Malagasy, Kifaransa | mwaka_kabila = 2017 | kabila = {{plainlist| *Wamerina *Wabetsimisaraka *Wabetsileo *Watsimihety *Wasakalava *Waantaisaka *Waantandroy *Makabila Mengine }} | serikali = Utawala wa kijeshi | kiongozi1 = [[Michael Randrianirina]] | kiongozi2 = [[Mamitiana Rajaonarison]] | cheo_kiongozi1 = Rais | cheo_kiongozi2 = Waziri Mkuu | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia''' | tukio1 = Ufalme wa Madagascar | tukio2 = Koloni la Kifaransa | tukio3 = Uhuru kutoka Ufaransa | tukio1_tarehe = Karne ya 16 | tukio2_tarehe = 6 Agosti 1896 | tukio3_tarehe = 26 Juni 1960 | eneo_jumla = 592,796 km² | cheo_eneo = 46 | maji = 0.9% | watu_kadirio = 31,964,956 | mwaka_kadirio = 2024 | msongamano = 55/km² | pato_ppp = {{increase}} $56.754 bilioni | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $1,906 | plt = {{increase}} $15.763 bilioni | mwaka_pato = 2023 | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $529 | maendeleo = {{steady}} 0.487 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2022 | gini = {{decrease}} 42.6 | mwaka_gini = 2012 | fedha = [[Ariary]] (MGA) | majira_saa = +3 (EAT) | msimbo_simu = 261 | tld = .mg }} [[Picha:Madagascar-carte.png|thumb|right|200px|Ramani ya Madagaska.]] '''Madagaska''', rasmi '''Jamhuri ya Madagaska''' ni [[nchi]] ya [[kisiwa]] iliyoko katika [[Bahari ya Hindi]], takriban kilomita 400 (maili 250) kutoka pwani ya kusini-mashariki mwa [[Afrika]]. Ni kisiwa cha nne kwa ukubwa duniani, kikiwa na eneo la kilomita za mraba 592,796 (maili za mraba 228,880). Nchi hii inajulikana kwa viumbe hai wake wa kipekee, ambapo zaidi ya 90% ya [[wanyama]] na [[mmea|mimea]] yake hupatikana tu huko. Madagaska ina mifumo mbalimbali ya ikolojia, ikiwa ni pamoja na misitu ya mvua, misitu mikavu ya majani yanayopukutika, na maeneo ya miiba, na kuifanya kuwa moja ya maeneo muhimu zaidi ya viumbe hai duniani. Mji mkuu na mkubwa zaidi, [[Antananarivo]], ni kitovu cha [[siasa|kisiasa]], [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], na [[utamaduni|kitamaduni]] cha nchi. Kisiwa hiki kilianza kuwa na watu wanaozungumza lugha za Kiaustronesia karibu mwaka 500 BK, na baadaye kulifuata uhamiaji kutoka Afrika, Mashariki ya Kati, na Ulaya. Madagaska baadaye ilikuwa Ufalme wa Imerina kabla ya kutawaliwa na Ufaransa mnamo 1896. Nchi ilipata uhuru wake kutoka kwa Ufaransa tarehe 26 Juni 1960, na sasa ni jamhuri ya umoja yenye mfumo wa nusu-urais. Lugha rasmi ni Kimalagasi na Kifaransa, na idadi kubwa ya watu wanafuata Ukristo, mara nyingi ukiwa umechanganyika na imani za jadi. Uchumi wa Madagaska unategemea sana kilimo, uchimbaji madini, na utalii, huku vanilla na karafuu zikiwa miongoni mwa mazao yanayouzwa nje. Hata hivyo, nchi inakabiliwa na changamoto kama vile ukosefu wa utulivu wa kisiasa, umaskini, na uharibifu wa mazingira. == Jina == [[Jina]] Madagaska lina maana ya "Kisiwa kikubwa" na linatokana na [[lugha]] ya wenyeji, [[Wamalagasi]] ambao waongea [[Kimalagasi]]. == Jiografia == {{main|Mikoa ya Madagaska|Orodha ya miji ya Madagaska}} Kisiwa chenyewe ni [[Orodha ya visiwa duniani|cha nne kwa ukubwa duniani]]. Upekee wa kisiwa unatokana na kwamba kilimeguka kutoka [[India]] miaka [[milioni]] 88 hivi iliyopita, halafu kilibaki bila [[watu]] hadi [[karne ya 5]] hivi [[BK]]. == Ekolojia == Kisiwa hicho ni pia [[mazingira]] makubwa ya aina ya [[violezo]] ambayo ni [[asilimia]] 5 ya violezo vyote vya [[mimea]] na [[wanyama]] vya [[dunia]] nzima. Asilimia 90 ya [[viumbehai]] asili ni maalumu wa Madagaska, kama vile wanyama aina ya [[kima]] awali wanaoitwa [[lemuri]], [[Ndege (mnyama)|ndege]] ambao waambukiza [[ugonjwa]] na [[mti]] wa [[mbuyu]]. == Historia == {{main|Historia ya Madagaska}} [[Picha:Andrianampoinimerina.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Mfalme [[Andrianampoinimerina]] ([[1787]]-[[1810]]).]] [[Picha:Merina Kingdom flag.svg|thumb|Bendera ya Ufalme wa Merina.]] [[Picha:Coat of arms of the Merina Kingdom.svg|thumb|Nembo ya Ufalme wa Merina.]] Madagaska ni kati ya maeneo ya mwisho kufikiwa na kukaliwa na [[binadamu]]. Wa kwanza kufika walitokea visiwa vya [[Indonesia]] (kama mwaka [[350]]-[[550]] [[BK]]). Baadaye tu walihamia watu kutoka [[bara]] la Afrika (mwaka [[1000]] hivi) na wengineo ([[Waarabu]], [[Wahindi]], [[Wazungu]], [[Wachina]] n.k.). Kuanzia mwaka [[1787]] hadi mwaka [[1897]] kisiwa kilizidi kuunganishwa kisiasa chini ya [[Ufalme wa Merina]]. Watawala walikuwa watu kutoka [[familia]] ya [[Andrianampoinimerina]], [[mwanzilishi]] wa [[taifa]] hilo, ambaye alikuwa ametokea katika [[kabila]] la [[Wamerina]] Kabila hilo lilikuwa kubwa na muhimu kuliko yote 18 ya kisiwa hicho. Makazi yake yalikuwa katika [[nyanda za juu|uwanda wa juu]] wa kati lakini lilienea sehemu kubwa ya Bukini. [[Wamerina]] walikuwa na [[makao makuu]] ya utawala wao [[Antananarivo]]; baada ya kugawiwa kwa ufalme wao mnamo 1710 kitovu cha malaka kati ya Wamerina ikahamia kwenye mlima wa [[Ambohimanga]] lakini tangu kuunganishwa kwa Wamerina mnamo 1794 mji mkuu ukulikuwa tena Atananarivo. Kutoka hapo waliweza kueneza mamlaka yao katika sehemu nyingine za kisiwa hicho. Makabila yote ya wenyeji yalizungumza [[lugha]] moja na yalikuwa na [[mila]] na [[desturi]] zinazofanana, hivyo yaliweza kujenga [[umoja]] wa [[utamaduni|kiutamaduni]] uliowafanya wawe [[jamii]] moja kimsingi. Watawala hao wa kifalme waliweza kutekeleza mambo mbalimbali kuendeleza Bukini katika vipindi vyao kabla ya kuja kwa wageni kutoka [[Uingereza]] na [[Ufaransa]] ambao kwa kiasi fulani ulidhoofisha [[mamlaka]] ya kifalme. Kisiwa hicho hatimaye kiligeuzwa kuwa [[koloni]] la Ufaransa. Hii ni kwa kuwa, ingawa [[sera ya kuisasisha]] ya [[Bukini]] kwa namna fulani iliimarisha uwezo wa [[nchi]] hiyo wa kutetea [[uhuru]] wake, lakini kwa ujumla sera hiyo ilidhoofisha [[ufalme]] huo kwa kuongeza [[utegemezi]] wake kwa [[mataifa ya kigeni]]. == Demografia == [[File:Madagascar Kids 5 (4814978342).jpg|thumb|Mtoto wa Kimalagasi anayeonyesha kuwa na mchanganyiko wa damu.]] Mwaka [[2018]] idadi ya wakazi ilikadiriwa kuwa milioni 26.3. Wenyeji wengi wana mchanganyiko wa [[damu]]: [[DNA]] inaonyesha kuwa wakazi wa kwanza kutoka Indonesia wameichangia asilimia 50 hivi na Waafrika vilevile. Wanaoishi sehemu za ndani ni wa Kiindonesia zaidi, wakati wale wa pwani ni wa Kiafrika zaidi. === Lugha === [[Lugha ya taifa]] ni Kimalagasi. [[Lugha rasmi]] za Madagaska ni Kimalagasi na [[Kifaransa]] (angalia pia [[orodha ya lugha za Madagaska]]). === Dini === Mwaka 1993 nchini Madagaska kulikuwa na [[dini za jadi]] (52% hivi), [[Ukristo]] (41%, [[Waprotestanti]] wakiwazidi kidogo [[Wakatoliki]]), [[Uislamu]] (7% hivi) n.k. Tangu hapo wafuasi wengi wa dini za jadi wameongokea Ukristo, hasa wa Kiprotestanti. === Utamaduni === Pamoja na kutokea mazingira tofauti sana, Wamalagasi wamechanganyikana sana na kuwa na [[utamaduni]] na lugha aina moja, ya Kiindonesia zaidi. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] ==Marejeo== {{Refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |last = Acquier |first = Jean-Louis |title = Architectures de Madagascar |publisher = Berger-Levrault | location = Berlin |year = 1997 |isbn = 978-2-7003-1169-3|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Ade Ajayi | first = Jacob Festus | title = General history of Africa: Africa in the nineteenth century until the 1880s | publisher = UNESCO | location = Paris | year = 1989 |isbn = 978-0-520-03917-9 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=sMpMuJalFKoC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last = Adelaar | first = Alexander | contribution = The Indonesian migrations to Madagascar: Making sense of the multidisciplinary evidence | title = Austronesian diaspora and the ethnogeneses of people in Indonesian archipelago | editor-last = Simanjuntak, Truman; Pojoh, Ingrid Harriet Eileen; Hisyam, Muhamad | publisher = LIPI Press |location = Jakarta, Indonesia | year = 2006 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=Szvr5hUtD5kC&printsec=frontcover |isbn = 978-979-26-2436-6}} * {{cite book | last = Ames | first = Glenn Joseph | title =Distant lands and diverse cultures: the French experience in Asia, 1600–1700| publisher = Greenwood Publishing Group | location = New York | year = 2003 |isbn = 978-0-313-30864-2}} * {{cite book | last1 = Auzias | first1 = Dominique | first2 =Jean-Paul | last2 = Labourdette | title = Petit Futé: Madagascar 2008 | location = Paris | publisher = Petit Futé | year= 2008 | isbn = 978-2-7469-1982-2|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Barendse | first = R.J. | title = The Arabian seas: the Indian Ocean world of the seventeenth century | publisher = M.E. Sharpe | location = Berlin | year = 2002| isbn = 978-0-7656-0729-4 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=_qvq9dN8j5MC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book |last = Bradt |first= Hilary |title=Madagascar, 10th Ed.: The Bradt Travel Guide |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |location=London |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-84162-341-2 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=uTRPnMlOcwgC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Browning | first = Christopher R. | title = The Origins of the Final Solution | publisher = Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority | location = Jerusalem | year = 2004 | isbn = 3-540-63293-X |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=jHQdRHNdK44C&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book |last=Campbell |first=Gwyn |title=An economic history of Imperial Madagascar, 1750–1895: the rise and fall of an island empire |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location = London|year=2005 |isbn=0-521-83935-1 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=13Yt9jLuKzsC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last1= Chapus | first1 = G.S. | last2= Mondain | first2 = G. | year = 1953 | title = Un homme d'etat malgache: Rainilaiarivony | publisher = Editions Diloutremer | location = Paris|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Cousins | first = William Edward | title = Madagascar of to-day: A sketch of the island, with chapters on its past history and present prospects | publisher = The Religious Tract Society | location = London | year = 1895 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=gvREAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Curtin | first = Philip D. | title = Disease and empire: the health of European troops in the conquest of Africa | url = https://archive.org/details/diseaseempirehea0000curt | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1998 | location = Cambridge, MA | isbn = 978-0-521-59835-4}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last = Davies | first = S.J.J.F. |contribution = Birds I: Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins | title = Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia | editor-first = Michael | editor-last = Hutchins | volume = 8 |edition = 2 | publisher = Gale Group |location = Farmington Hills, MI |isbn = 0-7876-5784-0 | year = 2003}} * {{cite book | last = Deschamps | first = Hubert Jules | title = Histoire de Madagascar | publisher = Berger-Levrault | location = Ann Arbor, MI | year = 1965 |language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Ellis | first = William | title = Three visits to Madagascar during&nbsp;... 1853-1854-1856 | publisher = Oxford University | location = London | year = 1859 |url = http://books.google.com/?id=nPoGAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book |last1=Emoff |first1=Ron |year=2004 |title =Island Musics |chapter = Spitting into the wind: Multi-edged environmentalism in Malagasy song | editor-last = Dawe | editor-first = Kevin |publisher=Berg |location = New York |url=http://books.google.com/?id=owU3-pCIvyYC&printsec=frontcover |isbn = 978-1-85973-703-3}} * {{cite book | last1= Fage | first1 = J.D. | last2= Flint| first2 = J.E. |last3=Oliver |first3=R.A. | year = 1986 | title = The Cambridge History of Africa: From c. 1790 to c. 1870 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = London | isbn = 0-521-20413-5 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=BOHYn7J4YzQC&printsec=frontcover }} * {{cite book |last=Fournet-Guérin |first=Catherine |title=Vivre à Tananarive: géographie du changement dans la capitale malgache |publisher=Karthala Editions |location = Antananarivo, Madagascar |year=2007 |isbn=978-2-84586-869-4 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=U_NHlyeI3mcC&printsec=frontcover|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Fox | first = Leonard | title = Hainteny: the traditional poetry of Madagascar | publisher = Bucknell University Press | year = 1990 | location = Lewisburg, PA | isbn = 978-0-8387-5175-6}} * {{cite book | last1 = Freeman | first1 = Joseph John |last2 = Johns |first2 = David | title = A narrative of the persecution of the Christians in Madagascar: with details of the escape of six Christian refugees now in England | publisher = J. Snow | location = London | year = 1840 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=rAMNAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Frémigacci | first = Jean | chapter = Le Rova de Tananarive: Destruction d'un lieu saint ou constitution d'une référence identitaire? | title = Histoire d'Afrique | url = https://archive.org/details/histoiredafrique0000unse | editor-last = Chrétien | editor-first = Jean-Pierre | year = 1999 | publisher = Editions Karthala | location = Paris |isbn = 978-2-86537-904-0|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Gallieni | first = Joseph-Simon | title = Neuf ans à Madagascar | publisher = Librairie Hachette | location = Paris | year = 1908 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=AL8RAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last1 = Heale | first1 = Jay | last2 = Abdul Latif | first2 =Zawiah | title = Cultures of the World: Madagascar | publisher = Marshall Cavendish | location = Tarrytown, NY | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-0-7614-3036-0 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=PJWLCYGo2RgC&printsec=frontcover }} * {{cite book | last1 = Hillstrom | first1 = Kevin | last2 = Collier Hillstrom | first2 =Laurie | title = Africa and the Middle East: a continental overview of environmental issues | publisher = ABC-CLIO | location = Santa Barbara, CA | year = 2003 | isbn = 978-1-57607-688-0 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=XxIk9zTm_e8C&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book| last1 = Hobbes | first1 = Joseph |last2 = Dolan| first2 = Andrew | title = World Regional Geography | publisher = Cengage Learning | location = Belmont, CA | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=yAgGHnENHjoC&printsec=frontcover | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-0-495-38950-7}} * {{cite book | last = Hodder | first = Ian | title = Symbolic and structural archaeology | publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = 1982 |location = New York | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=dWdwiY7ziRYC&printsec=frontcover | isbn = 978-0-521-24406-0}} * {{cite book | last = Kennedy | first = David | title = The Library of Congress World War II companion | url = https://archive.org/details/libraryofcongres0000wagn | publisher = Simon and Schuster | year = 2007 |location = New York | isbn = 978-0-7432-5219-5}} * {{cite book | last = Kent| first = Raymond | title = From Madagascar to the Malagasy Republic | url = https://archive.org/details/frommadagascarto0000kent| publisher = Greenwood Press | location = Ann Arbor, MI | year = 1976 |isbn = 978-0-8371-8421-0}} * {{cite book | last1 = Kitchen | first1 = Helen A. | title = The Educated African: a Country-by-Country Survey of Educational Development in Africa | location = Washington, D.C. | publisher = Praeger | year= 1962}} * {{cite book | last1 = Kull | first1 = Christian | title = Isle of Fire: The Political Ecology of Landscape Burning in Madagascar, Issue 246 | location = Chicago | publisher = University of Chicago Press | year= 2004 |isbn = 978-0-226-46141-0 |url = Isle of Fire: The Political Ecology of Landscape Burning in Madagascar, Issue 246}} * {{cite book |last1 = Kusimba |first1 = Chapurukha |last2 = Odland |first2 = J. Claire |last3 = Bronson |first3 = Bennet | title = Unwrapping the textile traditions of Madagascar | publisher = Regents of the University of California | series = Textile Series | location = Los Angeles | year = 2004 | isbn = 0-930741-95-1}} * {{cite book |last = Lehoullier |first= Sara |title=Madagascar: Travel Companion |publisher=Other Places Publishing |location=New York |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-9822619-5-8 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=QhAbnvPKaVUC&printsec=frontcover}} *{{cite book | last = Middleton | first = Karen | title = Ancestors, Power, and History in Madagascar | publisher = Brill | location = Los Angeles |year = 1999 | isbn = 978-90-04-11289-6 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=My4B9q9FTiYC&printsec=frontcover }} * {{cite book | last1 = Moriarty |first1 = H.A. | title = Islands in the southern Indian Ocean, westward of longitude 80 ̊east, including Madagascar |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=-NmhAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover | location = London | publisher = J. D. Potter | year= 1891}} * {{cite book | last1 = Nalla |first1 = Mahesh | title = Crime and Punishment Around the World: Volume 1, Africa | location = Los Angeles | publisher = ABC-CLIO| year= 2010 |isbn = 978-0-313-35133-4}} * {{cite book | last = Ogot | first = Bethwell | title = Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century | publisher = UNESCO|location = Paris| year = 1992 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=WAQbp7aLpZkC&printsec=frontcover| isbn = 978-92-3-101711-7}} * {{cite book | last1 = Oliver | first1 = Roland | first2 = John Donnelly | last2 = Fage | first3 =G.N. | last3 = Sanderson | title = The Cambridge History of Africa | publisher = Cambridge University Press | volume = 6 | year = 1985 | location = Cambridge, U.K. | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=xh-QcHRG3OwC&printsec=frontcover | isbn = 978-0-521-22803-9}} * {{cite book | first = Samuel Pasfield | last = Oliver | authorlink = Samuel Pasfield Oliver | title = Madagascar: an historical and descriptive account of the island and its former dependencies, Volume 1 | place = London | publisher = Macmillan | year = 1886 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=lKtBAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Pezzotta | first = Federico | title = Madagascar: a mineral and gemstone paradise | place = Ann Arbor, MI | publisher = University of Michigan | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-0-9715371-0-1}} * {{cite book |last = Pryor |first= Frederic L. |title=The political economy of poverty, equity, and growth: Malawi and Madagascar |publisher=World Bank |location=Washington, D.C. |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-19-520823-8 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=0P0fDzMA5lEC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last1 = Rabearivelo | first1 = Jean-Joseph | title = Translated from the Night | location = Pittsburgh, PA | publisher = Lascaux Editions | year= 2007 |origyear = 1936 (translation by Robert Ziller) | isbn = 978-1-60461-552-4 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=F-5I6QlMfJEC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Rajaonarimanana | first = Narivelo | title = Grammaire moderne de la langue malgache | publisher = Langues et mondes – l'Asiatheque | series = Langues INALCO | year = 2001 | location = Paris | isbn = 2-911053-79-6|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Ralibera | first = Daniel | title = Madagascar et le christianisme | location = Paris| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=GOeAT76TGN0C&printsec=frontcover| publisher = Editions Karthala | year = 1993 | isbn = 978-92-9028-211-2|language=fr}} * {{cite book |last=Randier |first=Jean |title=La Royale: L'histoire illustrée de la Marine nationale française |year=2006 |publisher=Babouji |location= Maîtres du Vent – La Falaise |isbn=2-35261-022-2|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Randrianary | first = Victor | title = Madagascar: les chants d'une île | publisher = Actes Sud |location = Paris | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-2-7427-3556-3|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Ratsimbazafy | first = Ernest | editor-last = Green | editor-first = Thomas | editor2-last = Svinth | editor2-first = Joseph | title = Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia of History and Innovation, Volume 2 | contribution = Moraingy | publisher = ABC CLIO | location = Santa Barbara, CA | year = 2010 | isbn = 978-1-59884-243-2 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=P-Nv_LUi6KgC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Reinsch | first = Paul Samuel | title = Colonial Administration | publisher = Macmillan | location = New York | year = 1905 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=bfsmAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last1 = Rodd | first1 = Tony |last2 = Stackhouse |first2 = Jennifer | title = Trees: A Visual Guide | publisher = University of California Press | location = Los Angeles | year = 2008 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=Mpsc2hsYk1YC&printsec=frontcover | isbn = 978-0-520-25650-7}} * {{cite book | last = Room | first = Adrian | title = Placenames of the world: origins and meanings of the names for 6,600 countries, cities, territories, natural features, and historic sites | publisher = McFarland | location = Jefferson, NC | year = 2006 | isbn = 978-0-7864-2248-7 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=M1JIPAN-eJ4C&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Sharp | first = Leslie | title = The Sacrificed Generation: Youth, History, and the Colonized Mind in Madagascar |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=5IFbKsKxYQYC&printsec=frontcover | location = Berkeley, CA |publisher = University of California Press | year = 2002 |isbn = 978-0-520-22951-8}} * {{cite book|last=Shillington|first= Kevin|title=Encyclopedia of African history|publisher=CRC Press|location = New York | year=2005 |isbn=1-57958-453-5}} * {{cite encyclopedia | last = Strakes | first = Jason | contribution = Armed Forces of the People | year = 2006 | title = Encyclopedia of the developing world | editor-last = Leonard | editor-first = Thomas M. | volume = 1 | place = New York | publisher = Taylor & Francis | isbn = 978-1-57958-388-0 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=3mE04D9PMpAC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last1= Thompson | first1 = Virginia | last2= Adloff | first2 = Richard | year = 1965 | title = The Malagasy Republic: Madagascar today | url= https://archive.org/details/malagasyrepublic0000thom | publisher = Stanford University Press |isbn = 978-0-8047-0279-9 | location = San Francisco, CA}} * {{cite book | last = Uwechue | first = Raph | title = Makers of modern Africa: profiles in history, Volume 1 | publisher = Africa Books Ltd | location = Dearborne, MI | year = 1981 |isbn = 978-0-903274-14-2}} * {{cite book |last=Van Den Boogaerde |first=Pierre|title=Shipwrecks of Madagascar |year=2008 |publisher=AEG Publishing Group |location= New York |isbn=978-1-60693-494-4 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=I_S1D8cnTiEC&pg=PT19 }} * {{cite book |last = Wink|first = André |title = Volume 3 of Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World: Indo-Islamic society, 14th–15th centuries |publisher = Brill | location = Leiden, The Netherlands |year = 2004 |isbn = 978-90-04-13561-1 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=nyYslywJUE8C&printsec=frontcover}} {{Refend}} == Viungo vya nje == {{commons|Madagascar}} * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13861843 Country Profile] from [[BBC News]] * {{CIA_World_Factbook link|ma|Madagascar}} * {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Madagascar}} * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/madagascar.htm Madagascar] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/madagascar.htm |date=20120829212249 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{wikiatlas|Madagascar}} * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=MG Key Development Forecasts for Madagascar] from [[International Futures]] {{coord|20|S|47|E|scale:10000000_source:GNS|display=title}} {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} [[Jamii:Madagaska|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Visiwa vya Afrika]] [[Jamii:Visiwa vya Bahari ya Hindi]] [[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Maendeleo Kusini mwa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] 4icsfumejyivawf1bvpmdol0qdozdnq 1579202 1579195 2026-07-12T10:50:38Z Josefi chipitu 90882 Baadhi ya maneno yameongezwa 1579202 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Madagaska | jina_asili = ''Repoblikan’i Madagasikara'' (Malagasy) <br> ''République de Madagascar'' (Kifaransa) | bendera = File:Flag of Madagascar.svg | nembo = File:Seal of Madagascar.svg | kaulimbiu = ''Fitiavana, Tanindrazana, Fandrosoana'' <br> (''Love, Fatherland, Progress'') | wimbo = ''Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô!'' | ramani = Madagascar (orthographic projection).svg | miji_mikuu = Antananarivo | lugha_rasmi = Malagasy, Kifaransa | mwaka_kabila = 2017 | kabila = {{plainlist| *Wamerina *Wabetsimisaraka *Wabetsileo *Watsimihety *Wasakalava *Waantaisaka *Waantandroy *Makabila Mengine }} | serikali = Utawala wa kijeshi | kiongozi1 = [[Michael Randrianirina]] | kiongozi2 = [[Mamitiana Rajaonarison]] | cheo_kiongozi1 = Rais | cheo_kiongozi2 = Waziri Mkuu | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia''' | tukio1 = Ufalme wa Madagascar | tukio2 = Koloni la Kifaransa | tukio3 = Uhuru kutoka Ufaransa | tukio1_tarehe = Karne ya 16 | tukio2_tarehe = 6 Agosti 1896 | tukio3_tarehe = 26 Juni 1960 | eneo_jumla = 592,796 km² | cheo_eneo = 46 | maji = 0.9% | watu_kadirio = 31,964,956 | mwaka_kadirio = 2024 | msongamano = 55/km² | pato_ppp = {{increase}} $56.754 bilioni | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $1,906 | plt = {{increase}} $15.763 bilioni | mwaka_pato = 2023 | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $529 | maendeleo = {{steady}} 0.487 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2022 | gini = {{decrease}} 42.6 | mwaka_gini = 2012 | fedha = [[Ariary]] (MGA) | majira_saa = +3 (EAT) | msimbo_simu = 261 | tld = .mg }} [[Picha:Madagascar-carte.png|thumb|right|200px|Ramani ya Madagaska.]] '''Madagaska''', rasmi '''Jamhuri ya Madagaska''' ni [[nchi]] ya [[kisiwa]] iliyoko katika [[Bahari ya Hindi]], takriban kilomita 400 (maili 250) kutoka pwani ya kusini-mashariki mwa [[Afrika]]. Ni kisiwa cha nne kwa ukubwa duniani, kikiwa na eneo la kilomita za mraba 592,796 (maili za mraba 228,880). Nchi hii inajulikana kwa viumbe hai wake wa kipekee, ambapo zaidi ya 90% ya [[wanyama]] na [[mmea|mimea]] yake hupatikana tu huko. Madagaska ina mifumo mbalimbali ya ikolojia, ikiwa ni pamoja na misitu ya mvua, misitu mikavu ya majani yanayopukutika, na maeneo ya miiba, na kuifanya kuwa moja ya maeneo muhimu zaidi ya viumbe hai duniani. Mji mkuu na mkubwa zaidi, [[Antananarivo]], ni kitovu cha [[siasa|kisiasa]], [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], na [[utamaduni|kitamaduni]] cha nchi. Kisiwa hiki kilianza kuwa na watu wanaozungumza lugha za Kiaustronesia karibu mwaka 500 BK, na baadaye kulifuata uhamiaji kutoka Afrika, Mashariki ya Kati, na Ulaya. Madagaska baadaye ilikuwa Ufalme wa Imerina kabla ya kutawaliwa na Ufaransa mnamo 1896. Nchi ilipata uhuru wake kutoka kwa Ufaransa tarehe 26 Juni 1960, na sasa ni jamhuri ya umoja yenye mfumo wa nusu-urais. Lugha rasmi ni Kimalagasi na Kifaransa, na idadi kubwa ya watu wanafuata Ukristo, mara nyingi ukiwa umechanganyika na imani za jadi. Uchumi wa Madagaska unategemea sana kilimo, uchimbaji madini, na utalii, huku vanilla na karafuu zikiwa miongoni mwa mazao yanayouzwa nje. Hata hivyo, nchi inakabiliwa na changamoto kama vile ukosefu wa utulivu wa kisiasa, umaskini, na uharibifu wa mazingira. == Jina == [[Jina]] Madagaska lina maana ya "Kisiwa kikubwa" na linatokana na [[lugha]] ya wenyeji, [[Wamalagasi]] ambao waongea [[Kimalagasi]]. == Jiografia == {{main|Mikoa ya Madagaska|Orodha ya miji ya Madagaska}} Kisiwa chenyewe ni [[Orodha ya visiwa duniani|cha nne kwa ukubwa duniani]]. Upekee wa kisiwa unatokana na kwamba kilimeguka kutoka [[India]] miaka [[milioni]] 88 hivi iliyopita, halafu kilibaki bila [[watu]] hadi [[karne ya 5]] hivi [[BK]]. == Ekolojia == Kisiwa hicho ni pia [[mazingira]] makubwa ya aina ya [[violezo]] ambayo ni [[asilimia]] 5 ya violezo vyote vya [[mimea]] na [[wanyama]] vya [[dunia]] nzima. Asilimia 90 ya [[viumbehai]] asili ni maalumu wa Madagaska, kama vile wanyama aina ya [[kima]] awali wanaoitwa [[lemuri]], [[Ndege (mnyama)|ndege]] ambao waambukiza [[ugonjwa]] na [[mti]] wa [[mbuyu]]. == Historia == {{main|Historia ya Madagaska}} [[Picha:Andrianampoinimerina.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Mfalme [[Andrianampoinimerina]] ([[1787]]-[[1810]]).]] [[Picha:Merina Kingdom flag.svg|thumb|Bendera ya Ufalme wa Merina.]] [[Picha:Coat of arms of the Merina Kingdom.svg|thumb|Nembo ya Ufalme wa Merina.]] Madagaska ni kati ya maeneo ya mwisho kufikiwa na kukaliwa na [[binadamu]]. Wa kwanza kufika walitokea visiwa vya [[Indonesia]] (kama mwaka [[350]]-[[550]] [[BK]]). Baadaye tu walihamia watu kutoka [[bara]] la Afrika (mwaka [[1000]] hivi) na wengineo ([[Waarabu]], [[Wahindi]], [[Wazungu]], [[Wachina]] n.k.). Kuanzia mwaka [[1787]] hadi mwaka [[1897]] kisiwa kilizidi kuunganishwa kisiasa chini ya [[Ufalme wa Merina]]. Watawala walikuwa watu kutoka [[familia]] ya [[Andrianampoinimerina]], [[mwanzilishi]] wa [[taifa]] hilo, ambaye alikuwa ametokea katika [[kabila]] la [[Wamerina]] Kabila hilo lilikuwa kubwa na muhimu kuliko yote 18 ya kisiwa hicho. Makazi yake yalikuwa katika [[nyanda za juu|uwanda wa juu]] wa kati lakini lilienea sehemu kubwa ya Bukini. [[Wamerina]] walikuwa na [[makao makuu]] ya utawala wao [[Antananarivo]]; baada ya kugawiwa kwa ufalme wao mnamo 1710 kitovu cha malaka kati ya Wamerina ikahamia kwenye mlima wa [[Ambohimanga]] lakini tangu kuunganishwa kwa Wamerina mnamo 1794 mji mkuu ukulikuwa tena Atananarivo. Kutoka hapo waliweza kueneza mamlaka yao katika sehemu nyingine za kisiwa hicho. Makabila yote ya wenyeji yalizungumza [[lugha]] moja na yalikuwa na [[mila]] na [[desturi]] zinazofanana, hivyo yaliweza kujenga [[umoja]] wa [[utamaduni|kiutamaduni]] uliowafanya wawe [[jamii]] moja kimsingi. Watawala hao wa kifalme waliweza kutekeleza mambo mbalimbali kuendeleza Bukini katika vipindi vyao kabla ya kuja kwa wageni kutoka [[Uingereza]] na [[Ufaransa]] ambao kwa kiasi fulani ulidhoofisha [[mamlaka]] ya kifalme. Kisiwa hicho hatimaye kiligeuzwa kuwa [[koloni]] la Ufaransa. Hii ni kwa kuwa, ingawa [[sera ya kuisasisha]] ya [[Bukini]] kwa namna fulani iliimarisha uwezo wa [[nchi]] hiyo wa kutetea [[uhuru]] wake, lakini kwa ujumla sera hiyo ilidhoofisha [[ufalme]] huo kwa kuongeza [[utegemezi]] wake kwa [[mataifa ya kigeni]]. == Demografia == [[File:Madagascar Kids 5 (4814978342).jpg|thumb|Mtoto wa Kimalagasi anayeonyesha kuwa na mchanganyiko wa damu.]] Mwaka [[2018]] idadi ya wakazi ilikadiriwa kuwa milioni 26.3. Wenyeji wengi wana mchanganyiko wa [[damu]]: [[DNA]] inaonyesha kuwa wakazi wa kwanza kutoka Indonesia wameichangia asilimia 50 hivi na Waafrika vilevile. Wanaoishi sehemu za ndani ni wa Kiindonesia zaidi, wakati wale wa pwani ni wa Kiafrika zaidi. === Lugha === [[Lugha ya taifa]] ni Kimalagasi. [[Lugha rasmi]] za Madagaska ni Kimalagasi na [[Kifaransa]] (angalia pia [[orodha ya lugha za Madagaska]]). === Dini === Mwaka 1993 nchini Madagaska kulikuwa na [[dini za jadi]] (52% hivi), [[Ukristo]] (41%, [[Waprotestanti]] wakiwazidi kidogo [[Wakatoliki]]), [[Uislamu]] (7% hivi) n.k. Tangu hapo wafuasi wengi wa dini za jadi wameongokea Ukristo, hasa wa Kiprotestanti. === Utamaduni === Pamoja na kutokea mazingira tofauti sana, Wamalagasi wamechanganyikana sana na kuwa na [[utamaduni]] na lugha aina moja, ya Kiindonesia zaidi. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] ==Marejeo== {{Refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |last = Acquier |first = Jean-Louis |title = Architectures de Madagascar |publisher = Berger-Levrault | location = Berlin |year = 1997 |isbn = 978-2-7003-1169-3|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Ade Ajayi | first = Jacob Festus | title = General history of Africa: Africa in the nineteenth century until the 1880s | publisher = UNESCO | location = Paris | year = 1989 |isbn = 978-0-520-03917-9 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=sMpMuJalFKoC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last = Adelaar | first = Alexander | contribution = The Indonesian migrations to Madagascar: Making sense of the multidisciplinary evidence | title = Austronesian diaspora and the ethnogeneses of people in Indonesian archipelago | editor-last = Simanjuntak, Truman; Pojoh, Ingrid Harriet Eileen; Hisyam, Muhamad | publisher = LIPI Press |location = Jakarta, Indonesia | year = 2006 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=Szvr5hUtD5kC&printsec=frontcover |isbn = 978-979-26-2436-6}} * {{cite book | last = Ames | first = Glenn Joseph | title =Distant lands and diverse cultures: the French experience in Asia, 1600–1700| publisher = Greenwood Publishing Group | location = New York | year = 2003 |isbn = 978-0-313-30864-2}} * {{cite book | last1 = Auzias | first1 = Dominique | first2 =Jean-Paul | last2 = Labourdette | title = Petit Futé: Madagascar 2008 | location = Paris | publisher = Petit Futé | year= 2008 | isbn = 978-2-7469-1982-2|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Barendse | first = R.J. | title = The Arabian seas: the Indian Ocean world of the seventeenth century | publisher = M.E. Sharpe | location = Berlin | year = 2002| isbn = 978-0-7656-0729-4 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=_qvq9dN8j5MC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book |last = Bradt |first= Hilary |title=Madagascar, 10th Ed.: The Bradt Travel Guide |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |location=London |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-84162-341-2 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=uTRPnMlOcwgC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Browning | first = Christopher R. | title = The Origins of the Final Solution | publisher = Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority | location = Jerusalem | year = 2004 | isbn = 3-540-63293-X |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=jHQdRHNdK44C&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book |last=Campbell |first=Gwyn |title=An economic history of Imperial Madagascar, 1750–1895: the rise and fall of an island empire |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location = London|year=2005 |isbn=0-521-83935-1 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=13Yt9jLuKzsC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last1= Chapus | first1 = G.S. | last2= Mondain | first2 = G. | year = 1953 | title = Un homme d'etat malgache: Rainilaiarivony | publisher = Editions Diloutremer | location = Paris|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Cousins | first = William Edward | title = Madagascar of to-day: A sketch of the island, with chapters on its past history and present prospects | publisher = The Religious Tract Society | location = London | year = 1895 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=gvREAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Curtin | first = Philip D. | title = Disease and empire: the health of European troops in the conquest of Africa | url = https://archive.org/details/diseaseempirehea0000curt | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1998 | location = Cambridge, MA | isbn = 978-0-521-59835-4}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last = Davies | first = S.J.J.F. |contribution = Birds I: Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins | title = Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia | editor-first = Michael | editor-last = Hutchins | volume = 8 |edition = 2 | publisher = Gale Group |location = Farmington Hills, MI |isbn = 0-7876-5784-0 | year = 2003}} * {{cite book | last = Deschamps | first = Hubert Jules | title = Histoire de Madagascar | publisher = Berger-Levrault | location = Ann Arbor, MI | year = 1965 |language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Ellis | first = William | title = Three visits to Madagascar during&nbsp;... 1853-1854-1856 | publisher = Oxford University | location = London | year = 1859 |url = http://books.google.com/?id=nPoGAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book |last1=Emoff |first1=Ron |year=2004 |title =Island Musics |chapter = Spitting into the wind: Multi-edged environmentalism in Malagasy song | editor-last = Dawe | editor-first = Kevin |publisher=Berg |location = New York |url=http://books.google.com/?id=owU3-pCIvyYC&printsec=frontcover |isbn = 978-1-85973-703-3}} * {{cite book | last1= Fage | first1 = J.D. | last2= Flint| first2 = J.E. |last3=Oliver |first3=R.A. | year = 1986 | title = The Cambridge History of Africa: From c. 1790 to c. 1870 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = London | isbn = 0-521-20413-5 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=BOHYn7J4YzQC&printsec=frontcover }} * {{cite book |last=Fournet-Guérin |first=Catherine |title=Vivre à Tananarive: géographie du changement dans la capitale malgache |publisher=Karthala Editions |location = Antananarivo, Madagascar |year=2007 |isbn=978-2-84586-869-4 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=U_NHlyeI3mcC&printsec=frontcover|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Fox | first = Leonard | title = Hainteny: the traditional poetry of Madagascar | publisher = Bucknell University Press | year = 1990 | location = Lewisburg, PA | isbn = 978-0-8387-5175-6}} * {{cite book | last1 = Freeman | first1 = Joseph John |last2 = Johns |first2 = David | title = A narrative of the persecution of the Christians in Madagascar: with details of the escape of six Christian refugees now in England | publisher = J. Snow | location = London | year = 1840 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=rAMNAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Frémigacci | first = Jean | chapter = Le Rova de Tananarive: Destruction d'un lieu saint ou constitution d'une référence identitaire? | title = Histoire d'Afrique | url = https://archive.org/details/histoiredafrique0000unse | editor-last = Chrétien | editor-first = Jean-Pierre | year = 1999 | publisher = Editions Karthala | location = Paris |isbn = 978-2-86537-904-0|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Gallieni | first = Joseph-Simon | title = Neuf ans à Madagascar | publisher = Librairie Hachette | location = Paris | year = 1908 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=AL8RAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last1 = Heale | first1 = Jay | last2 = Abdul Latif | first2 =Zawiah | title = Cultures of the World: Madagascar | publisher = Marshall Cavendish | location = Tarrytown, NY | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-0-7614-3036-0 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=PJWLCYGo2RgC&printsec=frontcover }} * {{cite book | last1 = Hillstrom | first1 = Kevin | last2 = Collier Hillstrom | first2 =Laurie | title = Africa and the Middle East: a continental overview of environmental issues | publisher = ABC-CLIO | location = Santa Barbara, CA | year = 2003 | isbn = 978-1-57607-688-0 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=XxIk9zTm_e8C&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book| last1 = Hobbes | first1 = Joseph |last2 = Dolan| first2 = Andrew | title = World Regional Geography | publisher = Cengage Learning | location = Belmont, CA | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=yAgGHnENHjoC&printsec=frontcover | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-0-495-38950-7}} * {{cite book | last = Hodder | first = Ian | title = Symbolic and structural archaeology | publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = 1982 |location = New York | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=dWdwiY7ziRYC&printsec=frontcover | isbn = 978-0-521-24406-0}} * {{cite book | last = Kennedy | first = David | title = The Library of Congress World War II companion | url = https://archive.org/details/libraryofcongres0000wagn | publisher = Simon and Schuster | year = 2007 |location = New York | isbn = 978-0-7432-5219-5}} * {{cite book | last = Kent| first = Raymond | title = From Madagascar to the Malagasy Republic | url = https://archive.org/details/frommadagascarto0000kent| publisher = Greenwood Press | location = Ann Arbor, MI | year = 1976 |isbn = 978-0-8371-8421-0}} * {{cite book | last1 = Kitchen | first1 = Helen A. | title = The Educated African: a Country-by-Country Survey of Educational Development in Africa | location = Washington, D.C. | publisher = Praeger | year= 1962}} * {{cite book | last1 = Kull | first1 = Christian | title = Isle of Fire: The Political Ecology of Landscape Burning in Madagascar, Issue 246 | location = Chicago | publisher = University of Chicago Press | year= 2004 |isbn = 978-0-226-46141-0 |url = Isle of Fire: The Political Ecology of Landscape Burning in Madagascar, Issue 246}} * {{cite book |last1 = Kusimba |first1 = Chapurukha |last2 = Odland |first2 = J. Claire |last3 = Bronson |first3 = Bennet | title = Unwrapping the textile traditions of Madagascar | publisher = Regents of the University of California | series = Textile Series | location = Los Angeles | year = 2004 | isbn = 0-930741-95-1}} * {{cite book |last = Lehoullier |first= Sara |title=Madagascar: Travel Companion |publisher=Other Places Publishing |location=New York |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-9822619-5-8 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=QhAbnvPKaVUC&printsec=frontcover}} *{{cite book | last = Middleton | first = Karen | title = Ancestors, Power, and History in Madagascar | publisher = Brill | location = Los Angeles |year = 1999 | isbn = 978-90-04-11289-6 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=My4B9q9FTiYC&printsec=frontcover }} * {{cite book | last1 = Moriarty |first1 = H.A. | title = Islands in the southern Indian Ocean, westward of longitude 80 ̊east, including Madagascar |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=-NmhAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover | location = London | publisher = J. D. Potter | year= 1891}} * {{cite book | last1 = Nalla |first1 = Mahesh | title = Crime and Punishment Around the World: Volume 1, Africa | location = Los Angeles | publisher = ABC-CLIO| year= 2010 |isbn = 978-0-313-35133-4}} * {{cite book | last = Ogot | first = Bethwell | title = Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century | publisher = UNESCO|location = Paris| year = 1992 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=WAQbp7aLpZkC&printsec=frontcover| isbn = 978-92-3-101711-7}} * {{cite book | last1 = Oliver | first1 = Roland | first2 = John Donnelly | last2 = Fage | first3 =G.N. | last3 = Sanderson | title = The Cambridge History of Africa | publisher = Cambridge University Press | volume = 6 | year = 1985 | location = Cambridge, U.K. | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=xh-QcHRG3OwC&printsec=frontcover | isbn = 978-0-521-22803-9}} * {{cite book | first = Samuel Pasfield | last = Oliver | authorlink = Samuel Pasfield Oliver | title = Madagascar: an historical and descriptive account of the island and its former dependencies, Volume 1 | place = London | publisher = Macmillan | year = 1886 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=lKtBAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Pezzotta | first = Federico | title = Madagascar: a mineral and gemstone paradise | place = Ann Arbor, MI | publisher = University of Michigan | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-0-9715371-0-1}} * {{cite book |last = Pryor |first= Frederic L. |title=The political economy of poverty, equity, and growth: Malawi and Madagascar |publisher=World Bank |location=Washington, D.C. |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-19-520823-8 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=0P0fDzMA5lEC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last1 = Rabearivelo | first1 = Jean-Joseph | title = Translated from the Night | location = Pittsburgh, PA | publisher = Lascaux Editions | year= 2007 |origyear = 1936 (translation by Robert Ziller) | isbn = 978-1-60461-552-4 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=F-5I6QlMfJEC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Rajaonarimanana | first = Narivelo | title = Grammaire moderne de la langue malgache | publisher = Langues et mondes – l'Asiatheque | series = Langues INALCO | year = 2001 | location = Paris | isbn = 2-911053-79-6|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Ralibera | first = Daniel | title = Madagascar et le christianisme | location = Paris| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=GOeAT76TGN0C&printsec=frontcover| publisher = Editions Karthala | year = 1993 | isbn = 978-92-9028-211-2|language=fr}} * {{cite book |last=Randier |first=Jean |title=La Royale: L'histoire illustrée de la Marine nationale française |year=2006 |publisher=Babouji |location= Maîtres du Vent – La Falaise |isbn=2-35261-022-2|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Randrianary | first = Victor | title = Madagascar: les chants d'une île | publisher = Actes Sud |location = Paris | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-2-7427-3556-3|language=fr}} * {{cite book | last = Ratsimbazafy | first = Ernest | editor-last = Green | editor-first = Thomas | editor2-last = Svinth | editor2-first = Joseph | title = Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia of History and Innovation, Volume 2 | contribution = Moraingy | publisher = ABC CLIO | location = Santa Barbara, CA | year = 2010 | isbn = 978-1-59884-243-2 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=P-Nv_LUi6KgC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Reinsch | first = Paul Samuel | title = Colonial Administration | publisher = Macmillan | location = New York | year = 1905 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=bfsmAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last1 = Rodd | first1 = Tony |last2 = Stackhouse |first2 = Jennifer | title = Trees: A Visual Guide | publisher = University of California Press | location = Los Angeles | year = 2008 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=Mpsc2hsYk1YC&printsec=frontcover | isbn = 978-0-520-25650-7}} * {{cite book | last = Room | first = Adrian | title = Placenames of the world: origins and meanings of the names for 6,600 countries, cities, territories, natural features, and historic sites | publisher = McFarland | location = Jefferson, NC | year = 2006 | isbn = 978-0-7864-2248-7 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=M1JIPAN-eJ4C&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last = Sharp | first = Leslie | title = The Sacrificed Generation: Youth, History, and the Colonized Mind in Madagascar |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=5IFbKsKxYQYC&printsec=frontcover | location = Berkeley, CA |publisher = University of California Press | year = 2002 |isbn = 978-0-520-22951-8}} * {{cite book|last=Shillington|first= Kevin|title=Encyclopedia of African history|publisher=CRC Press|location = New York | year=2005 |isbn=1-57958-453-5}} * {{cite encyclopedia | last = Strakes | first = Jason | contribution = Armed Forces of the People | year = 2006 | title = Encyclopedia of the developing world | editor-last = Leonard | editor-first = Thomas M. | volume = 1 | place = New York | publisher = Taylor & Francis | isbn = 978-1-57958-388-0 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=3mE04D9PMpAC&printsec=frontcover}} * {{cite book | last1= Thompson | first1 = Virginia | last2= Adloff | first2 = Richard | year = 1965 | title = The Malagasy Republic: Madagascar today | url= https://archive.org/details/malagasyrepublic0000thom | publisher = Stanford University Press |isbn = 978-0-8047-0279-9 | location = San Francisco, CA}} * {{cite book | last = Uwechue | first = Raph | title = Makers of modern Africa: profiles in history, Volume 1 | publisher = Africa Books Ltd | location = Dearborne, MI | year = 1981 |isbn = 978-0-903274-14-2}} * {{cite book |last=Van Den Boogaerde |first=Pierre|title=Shipwrecks of Madagascar |year=2008 |publisher=AEG Publishing Group |location= New York |isbn=978-1-60693-494-4 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=I_S1D8cnTiEC&pg=PT19 }} * {{cite book |last = Wink|first = André |title = Volume 3 of Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World: Indo-Islamic society, 14th–15th centuries |publisher = Brill | location = Leiden, The Netherlands |year = 2004 |isbn = 978-90-04-13561-1 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=nyYslywJUE8C&printsec=frontcover}} {{Refend}} == Viungo vya nje == {{commons|Madagascar}} * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13861843 Country Profile] from [[BBC News]] * {{CIA_World_Factbook link|ma|Madagascar}} * {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Madagascar}} * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/madagascar.htm Madagascar] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/madagascar.htm |date=20120829212249 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{wikiatlas|Madagascar}} * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=MG Key Development Forecasts for Madagascar] from [[International Futures]] {{Coord|20|S|47|E|scale:10000000_source:GNS|display=title}} {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} [[Jamii:Madagaska|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Visiwa vya Afrika]] [[Jamii:Visiwa vya Bahari ya Hindi]] [[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Maendeleo Kusini mwa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] qqrk07q1rvfcgw0h9w5e9zfq80bqv30 0 2600 1579154 1497282 2026-07-12T02:54:19Z ~2026-39428-09 90867 1579154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kuhusu|nchi huru katika Afrika|eneo katikati ya bara la Afrika|Afrika ya Kati}} {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati | jina_asili = République centrafricaine ([[Kifaransa]])<br />Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka ([[Kisango]]) | bendera = Flag of the Central African Republic.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of the Central African Republic.svg | kaulimbiu = "Zo Kwe Zo" (Watu wote ni watu)<br />"Unité, Dignité, Travail" (Umoja, Heshima, Kazi) | wimbo = La Renaissance (The Renaissance) | ramani = Central African Republic (orthographic projection).svg | maelezo_ramani1 = Eneo la Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati barani Afrika | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Bangui]] | lugha_rasmi = {{Plainlist| * [[Kifaransa]] * [[Kisango]] }} | kabila = {{Plainlist| * Baggara Waarabu * Baka * Banda * Fula * Gbaya * Mbaka * Sara * Zande * Wengine }} | dini = {{Plainlist| * 73.2% [[Ukristo]] * 13.9% [[Uislamu]] * 12.0% [[Dini za jadi]] * 0.9% Wengine / wasio na dini }} | serikali = [[Serikali ya kiraisi]] | kiongozi1_cheo = [[Rais]]||kiongozi1 Faustin-Archange Touadéra | kiongozi2_cheo = [[Waziri Mkuu]] | kiongozi1 = Faustin-Archange Touadéra | cheo_kiongozi1 = Rais | kiongozi2 = Félix Moloua | cheo_kiongozi2 = Waziri Mkuu | muundo_uhuru = '''Uhuru kutoka Ufaransa''' | tukio1 = Jamhuri ilianzishwa | tukio2 = Uhuru kutoka Ufaransa | tukio1_tarehe = 1 Desemba 1958 | tukio2_tarehe = 13 Agosti 1960 | eneo_jumla = 622,984 | cheo_eneo = 44 | watu_kadirio = 5,650,957 | mwaka_kadirio = 2024 | msongamano = 7.1 | mwaka_pato = 2023 | pato_ppp = {{increase}} $5.678 bilioni | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $1,109 | plt = {{increase}} $2.760 bilioni | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $539 | gini = 43 | mwaka_gini = 2021 | maendeleo = {{increase}} 0.414<br />{{chini}} | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | fedha = Faranga ya CFA ya Afrika ya Kati (XAF) | majira_saa = +1 (WAT) | mfumo_tarehe = dd/mm/yyyy | msimbo_simu = 236 | tld = .cf }} '''Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati''' (kwa [[Kisango]] ''Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka'') , ni [[nchi]] isiyo na pwani iliyoko katika katikati ya bara la [[Afrika]]. Inapakana na [[Chad]] kaskazini, [[Sudan]] na [[Sudan Kusini]] mashariki, [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] kusini, [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] kusini-magharibi, na [[Kamerun]] magharibi. Ina idadi ya watu takriban milioni 5.5, ikiwa ya 117 duniani. Mji mkuu na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Bangui]]. Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati imegawanyika katika maeneo ndogo 16, pamoja na mikoa miwili maalum. Inajulikana kwa rasilimali zake asilia kama vile [[almasi]], [[dhahabu]], na [[msitu|misitu]], lakini pia kwa [[historia]] ya mizozo ya [[siasa|kisiasa]] na migogoro ya silaha ambayo imeathiri maendeleo ya taifa hilo kwa muda mrefu. Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ina mchanganyiko wa [[kabila|makabila]] mengi, yakiwemo Gbaya, Banda, Mandja, Sara, na Zande, miongoni mwa mengine. Licha ya kuwa na lugha rasmi mbili—[[Kifaransa]] na [[Kisango]]—kuna zaidi ya lugha 70 zinazozungumzwa nchini humo, zikionyesha utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]]. [[Ukristo]] ndiyo dini inayotawala, ikifuatiwa na [[Uislamu]] na [[dini za jadi]]. [[Elimu]] na huduma za [[afya]] zimeathiriwa sana na mizozo ya ndani, lakini juhudi za kuimarisha huduma hizo zinaendelea kupitia usaidizi wa kimataifa. Kwa upande wa [[uchumi]], licha ya utajiri wa [[rasilimali]], Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ni moja ya nchi maskini zaidi duniani kwa kipato cha mtu mmoja. Shughuli kuu za [[uchumi|kiuchumi]] ni [[kilimo]], [[ufugaji]], uchimbaji [[madini]] na misitu. [[Almasi]] ndiyo bidhaa kuu ya [[Mahuruji|kuuza nje]], ingawa sekta hiyo mara nyingi haijasimamiwa vizuri na imekumbwa na biashara haramu. Serikali na washirika wa kimataifa wanafanya juhudi za kuleta amani na kujenga taasisi imara za utawala ili kuwezesha maendeleo endelevu na ustawi wa [[jamii|kijamii]]. == Jiografia == [[Picha:Central African Republic-CIA WFB Map.png|thumb|right|Ramani ya Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] Nchi hii, hasa inashikilia [[mbuga ya Sudani-Guinea]], lakini pia [[jangwa]] la [[Sahara]] upande wa kaskazini na [[msitu]] wa [[ikweta]] kusini. [[Theluthi]] mbili za eneo la nchi zimetapakaa kwa mabia ya [[mto]] [[Ubangi]] unaotiririka kusini kwa [[Mto Kongo]], na theluthi ya eneo katapakaa kwa mabia ya mto [[Shari]], unaotiririka kusini kwa [[Ziwa Chadi]]. == Historia == {{main|Historia ya Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati}} === Historia ya Kale === === Ukoloni wa Ufaransa === Kwa sababu ya utapakazi wa eneo kwa mabia ya mto Ubangi na mto Shari, [[Wafaransa]] wakati wa [[ukoloni]] waliita nchi hii [[Ubangi-Shari]] ([[Oubangui-Chari]] kwa Kifaransa). Ilipokuwa [[koloni]] la Ufaransa, Ubangi-Shari ziliwekewa [[mamlaka]] ya [[madaraka]] kama eneo la [[Jamii ya Wafaransa]] mwaka wa [[1958]], lakini baadaye ilipata [[uhuru]] tarehe [[13 Agosti]] [[1960]]. === Uhuru === Kwa miongo mitatu kutoka uhuru, ‘Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati’ ilitawaliwa na [[serikali]] za mabavu zilizonyakua mamlaka bila kufuata taratibu za [[demokrasia]]. Kwa namna ya pekee [[Jean-Bédel Bokassa]] alitawala kuanzia tarehe [[31 Desemba]] [[1965]] hadi Septemba [[1979]], akijifanya [[kaisari]] tarehe [[4 Desemba]] [[1976]]. Mwaka wa [[1993]], [[kura]] za kidemokrasia za kwanza zilifanywa na kumchagua [[Ange-Félix Patassé]] kuwa [[Rais]]. Lakini Rais Patassé alipinduliwa na [[Jenerali]] [[François Bozizé]] mwaka wa [[2003]]. Baadaye huyo alishinda [[uchaguzi]] mnamo Mei [[2005]] na kuiongoza nchi mpaka Machi [[2013]] alipolazimika kukimbia. Kati ya Novemba [[2012]] na tarehe [[23 Julai]] [[2014]] [[vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe]] vilipamba kwa [[ukatili]] na vinaendelea hadi mwaka 2020. == Eneo == Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati imegawiwa katika maeneo 14, yanayoitwa ''préfectures'', na pia maeneo 2 ya [[uchumi]] (''préfectures economique'') na [[mji]] mmoja (commune). Maeneo hayo yamegawiwa zaidi katika [[wilaya]] 71 zinazoitwa ''sous-préfectures''. [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya afrika ya kati|mikoa]] ni: [[Bamingui-Bangoran]], [[Basse-Kotto]], [[Haute-Kotto]], [[Haut-Mbomou]], [[Kémo]], [[Lobaye]], [[Mambéré-Kadéï]], [[Mbomou]], [[Nana-Mambéré]], [[Ombella-M'Poko]], [[Ouaka]], [[Ouham]], [[Ouham-Pendé]], na [[Vakaga]]; maeneo ya uchumi ni [[Nana-Grébizi]] na [[Sangha-Mbaéré]]; na mji ni [[Bangui]]. == Demografia== Nchi ina watu 4,666,368 waliogawanyika katika ma[[kabila]] 80, kila moja likiwa na [[lugha]] ya pekee. Ile inayowaunganisha katika mawasiliano ni [[Kisango]], ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kifaransa]]. === Dini === [[File:Niem (RCA) - Eglise de brousse 1.jpg|thumb|[[Kanisa]] la [[Vijiji|vijijini]] huko [[Niem]].]] Kadiri ya [[sensa]] ya mwaka 2003, kati ya wakazi, 80.3% ni [[Wakristo]] (51.4% [[Waprotestanti]] na 28.9% [[Wakatoliki]]). [[Waislamu]] ni 10% na wengi wa waliobaki wanafuata [[dini za jadi]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya lugha za Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons|Central African Republic|Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati}} === Habari === * [http://allafrica.com/centralafricanrepublic/ allAfrica - '' Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ''] kiungo cha taarifa ya habari === Uchambuzi === * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1067518.stm BBC News - ''Country Profile: Central African Republic''] * [http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ct.html CIA World Factbook - ''Central African Republic''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ct.html |date=20001120111200 }} === Maelekezo === * [http://dmoz.org/Regional/Africa/Central_African_Republic Open Directory Project - ''Central African Republic''] {{Wayback|url=http://dmoz.org/Regional/Africa/Central_African_Republic |date=20060614074622 }} directory category * [http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/centralafr.html chuokikuu cha Stanford – Afrika kusini mwa sahara: ''Central African Republic''] directory category * [http://www.kodro.net/ The Index on Africa - '' Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kodro.net/ |date=20060406065425 }} directory category * [http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Country_Specific/CAR.html chuo kikuu cha Pennsylvania – Masomo ya afrikar: '' Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ''] maelekezo * [http://dir.yahoo.com/Regional/Countries/Central_African_Republic/ Yahoo! - '' Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ''] {{Wayback|url=http://dir.yahoo.com/Regional/Countries/Central_African_Republic/ |date=20060421003603 }} maelekezo === Makabila na koo === * [http://www.pygmies.info/ African Pygmies] Utamaduni na muziki wa watu wa Jamhuri ya Afrika, picha na ulezaji wa ukoo. {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia lugha ya Kifaransa]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] r9ovpwsep76lim24ddgknnt7u9dq4lw 1579196 1579154 2026-07-12T09:56:13Z ~2026-39359-08 90881 1579196 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kuhusu|nchi huru katika Afrika|eneo katikati ya bara la Afrika|Afrika ya Kati}} {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati | jina_asili = République centrafricaine ([[Kifaransa]])<br />Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka ([[Kisango]]) | bendera = Flag of the Central African Republic.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of the Central African Republic.svg | kaulimbiu = "Zo Kwe Zo" (Watu wote ni watu)<br />"Unité, Dignité, Travail" (Umoja, Heshima, Kazi) | wimbo = La Renaissance (The Renaissance) | ramani = Central African Republic (orthographic projection).svg | maelezo_ramani1 = Eneo la Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati barani Afrika | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Bangui]] | lugha_rasmi = {{Plainlist| * [[Kifaransa]] * [[Kisango]] }} | kabila = {{Plainlist| * Baggara Waarabu * Baka * Banda * Fula * Gbaya * Mbaka * Sara * Zande * Wengine }} | dini = {{Plainlist| * 73.2% [[Ukristo]] * 13.9% [[Uislamu]] * 12.0% [[Dini za jadi]] * 0.9% Wengine / wasio na dini }} | serikali = [[Serikali ya kiraisi]] | kiongozi1_cheo = [[Rais]]||kiongozi1 Faustin-Archange Touadéra | kiongozi2_cheo = [[Waziri Mkuu]] | kiongozi1 = Faustin-Archange Touadéra | cheo_kiongozi1 = Rais | kiongozi2 = Félix Moloua | cheo_kiongozi2 = Waziri Mkuu | muundo_uhuru = '''Uhuru kutoka Ufaransa''' | tukio1 = Jamhuri ilianzishwa | tukio2 = Uhuru kutoka Ufaransa | tukio1_tarehe = 1 Desemba 1958 | tukio2_tarehe = 13 Agosti 1960 | eneo_jumla = 622,984 | cheo_eneo = 44 | watu_kadirio = 5,650,957 | mwaka_kadirio = 2024 | msongamano = 7.1 | mwaka_pato = 2023 | pato_ppp = {{increase}} $5.678 bilioni | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $1,109 | plt = {{increase}} $2.760 bilioni | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $539 | gini = 43 | mwaka_gini = 2021 | maendeleo = {{increase}} 0.414<br />{{chini}} | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | fedha = Faranga ya CFA ya Afrika ya Kati (XAF) | majira_saa = +1 (WAT) | mfumo_tarehe = dd/mm/yyyy | msimbo_simu = 236 | tld = .cf }} '''Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati''' (kwa [[Kisango]] ''Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka'') , ni [[nchi]] isiyo na pwani iliyoko katika katikati ya bara la [[Afrika]]. Inapakana na [[Chad]] kaskazini, [[Sudan]] na [[Sudan Kusini]] mashariki, [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] kusini, [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] kusini-magharibi, na [[Kamerun]] magharibi. Ina idadi ya watu takriban milioni 5.5, ikiwa ya 117 duniani. Mji mkuu na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Bangui]]. Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati imegawanyika katika maeneo ndogo 16, pamoja na mikoa miwili maalum. Inajulikana kwa rasilimali zake asilia kama vile [[almasi]], [[dhahabu]], na [[msitu|misitu]], lakini pia kwa [[historia]] ya mizozo ya [[siasa|kisiasa]] na migogoro ya silaha ambayo imeathiri maendeleo ya taifa hilo kwa muda mrefu. Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ina mchanganyiko wa [[kabila|makabila]] mengi, yakiwemo Gbaya, Banda, Mandja, Sara, na Zande, miongoni mwa mengine. Licha ya kuwa na lugha rasmi mbili—[[Kifaransa]] na [[Kisango]]—kuna zaidi ya lugha 70 zinazozungumzwa nchini humo, zikionyesha utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]]. [[Ukristo]] ndiyo dini inayotawala, ikifuatiwa na [[Uislamu]] na [[dini za jadi]]. [[Elimu]] na huduma za [[afya]] zimeathiriwa sana na mizozo ya ndani, lakini juhudi za kuimarisha huduma hizo zinaendelea kupitia usaidizi wa kimataifa. Kwa upande wa [[uchumi]], licha ya utajiri wa [[rasilimali]], Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ni moja ya nchi maskini zaidi duniani kwa kipato cha mtu mmoja. Shughuli kuu za [[uchumi|kiuchumi]] ni [[kilimo]], [[ufugaji]], uchimbaji [[madini]] na misitu. [[Almasi]] ndiyo bidhaa kuu ya [[Mahuruji|kuuza nje]], ingawa sekta hiyo mara nyingi haijasimamiwa vizuri na imekumbwa na biashara haramu. Serikali na washirika wa kimataifa wanafanya juhudi za kuleta amani na kujenga taasisi imara za utawala ili kuwezesha maendeleo endelevu na ustawi wa [[jamii|kijamii]]. == Jiografia == [[Picha:Central African Republic-CIA WFB Map.png|thumb|right|Ramani ya Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] Nchi hii, hasa inashikilia [[mbuga ya Sudani-Guinea]], lakini pia [[jangwa]] la [[Sahara]] upande wa kaskazini na [[msitu]] wa [[ikweta]] kusini. [[Theluthi]] mbili za eneo la nchi zimetapakaa kwa mabia ya [[mto]] [[Ubangi]] unaotiririka kusini kwa [[Mto Kongo]], na theluthi ya eneo katapakaa kwa mabia ya mto [[Shari]], unaotiririka kusini kwa [[Ziwa Chadi]]. == Historia == {{main|Historia ya Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati}} === Historia ya Kale === === Ukoloni wa Ufaransa === Kwa sababu ya utapakazi wa eneo kwa mabia ya mto Ubangi na mto Shari, [[Wafaransa]] wakati wa [[ukoloni]] waliita nchi hii [[Ubangi-Shari]] ([[Oubangui-Chari]] kwa Kifaransa). Ilipokuwa [[koloni]] la Ufaransa, Ubangi-Shari ziliwekewa [[mamlaka]] ya [[madaraka]] kama eneo la [[Jamii ya Wafaransa]] mwaka wa [[1958]], lakini baadaye ilipata [[uhuru]] tarehe [[13 Agosti]] [[1960]]. === Uhuru === Kwa miongo mitatu kutoka uhuru, ‘Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati’ ilitawaliwa na [[serikali]] za mabavu zilizonyakua mamlaka bila kufuata taratibu za [[demokrasia]]. Kwa namna ya pekee [[Jean-Bédel Bokassa]] alitawala kuanzia tarehe [[31 Desemba]] [[1965]] hadi Septemba [[1979]], akijifanya [[kaisari]] tarehe [[4 Desemba]] [[1976]]. Mwaka wa [[1993]], [[kura]] za kidemokrasia za kwanza zilifanywa na kumchagua [[Ange-Félix Patassé]] kuwa [[Rais]]. Lakini Rais Patassé alipinduliwa na [[Jenerali]] [[François Bozizé]] mwaka wa [[2003]]. Baadaye huyo alishinda [[uchaguzi]] mnamo Mei [[2005]] na kuiongoza nchi mpaka Machi [[2013]] alipolazimika kukimbia. Kati ya Novemba [[2012]] na tarehe [[23 Julai]] [[2014]] [[vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe]] vilipamba kwa [[ukatili]] na vinaendelea hadi mwaka 2020. == Eneo == Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati imegawiwa katika maeneo 14, yanayoitwa ''préfectures'', na pia maeneo 2 ya [[uchumi]] (''préfectures economique'') na [[mji]] mmoja (commune). Maeneo hayo yamegawiwa zaidi katika [[wilaya]] 71 zinazoitwa ''sous-préfectures''. [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya afrika ya kati|mikoa]] ni: [[Bamingui-Bangoran]], [[Basse-Kotto]], [[Haute-Kotto]], [[Haut-Mbomou]], [[Kémo]], [[Lobaye]], [[Mambéré-Kadéï]], [[Mbomou]], [[Nana-Mambéré]], [[Ombella-M'Poko]], [[Ouaka]], [[Ouham]], [[Ouham-Pendé]], na [[Vakaga]]; maeneo ya uchumi ni [[Nana-Grébizi]] na [[Sangha-Mbaéré]]; na mji ni [[Bangui]]. == Demografia== Nchi ina watu 4,666,368 waliogawanyika katika ma[[kabila]] 80, kila moja likiwa na [[lugha]] ya pekee. Ile inayowaunganisha katika mawasiliano ni [[Kisango]], ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kifaransa]]. === Dini === [[File:Niem (RCA) - Eglise de brousse 1.jpg|thumb|[[Kanisa]] la [[Vijiji|vijijini]] huko [[Niem]].]] Kadiri ya [[sensa]] ya mwaka 2003, kati ya wakazi, 80.3% ni [[Wakristo]] (51.4% [[Waprotestanti]] na 28.9% [[Wakatoliki]]). [[Waislamu]] ni 10% na wengi wa waliobaki wanafuata [[dini za jadi]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya lugha za Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons|Central African Republic|Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati}} === Habari === * [http://allafrica.com/centralafricanrepublic/ allAfrica - '' Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ''] kiungo cha taarifa ya habari === Uchambuzi === * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1067518.stm BBC News - ''Country Profile: Central African Republic''] * [http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ct.html CIA World Factbook - ''Central African Republic''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ct.html |date=20001120111200 }} === Maelekezo === * [http://dmoz.org/Regional/Africa/Central_African_Republic Open Directory Project - ''Central African Republic''] {{Wayback|url=http://dmoz.org/Regional/Africa/Central_African_Republic |date=20060614074622 }} directory category * [http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/centralafr.html chuokikuu cha Stanford – Afrika kusini mwa sahara: ''Central African Republic''] directory category * [http://www.kodro.net/ The Index on Africa - '' Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kodro.net/ |date=20060406065425 }} directory category * [http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Country_Specific/CAR.html chuo kikuu cha Pennsylvania – Masomo ya afrikar: '' Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ''] maelekezo * [http://dir.yahoo.com/Regional/Countries/Central_African_Republic/ Yahoo! - '' Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ''] {{Wayback|url=http://dir.yahoo.com/Regional/Countries/Central_African_Republic/ |date=20060421003603 }} maelekezo === Makabila na koo === * [http://www.pygmies.info/ African Pygmies] Utamaduni na muziki wa watu wa Jamhuri ya Afrika, picha na ulezaji wa ukoo. {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia lugha ya Kifaransa]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] cac9yxe4cb8g7vzkxodwybv0zcfzlv9 1579203 1579196 2026-07-12T10:51:38Z Josefi chipitu 90882 Nimeongeza baadhi ya maneno mwishoni mwa maelezo haya 1579203 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kuhusu|nchi huru katika Afrika|eneo katikati ya bara la Afrika|Afrika ya Kati}} {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati | jina_asili = République centrafricaine ([[Kifaransa]])<br />Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka ([[Kisango]]) | bendera = Flag of the Central African Republic.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of the Central African Republic.svg | kaulimbiu = "Zo Kwe Zo" (Watu wote ni watu)<br />"Unité, Dignité, Travail" (Umoja, Heshima, Kazi) | wimbo = La Renaissance (The Renaissance) | ramani = Central African Republic (orthographic projection).svg | maelezo_ramani1 = Eneo la Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati barani Afrika | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Bangui]] | lugha_rasmi = {{Plainlist| * [[Kifaransa]] * [[Kisango]] }} | kabila = {{Plainlist| * Baggara Waarabu * Baka * Banda * Fula * Gbaya * Mbaka * Sara * Zande * Wengine }} | dini = {{Plainlist| * 73.2% [[Ukristo]] * 13.9% [[Uislamu]] * 12.0% [[Dini za jadi]] * 0.9% Wengine / wasio na dini }} | serikali = [[Serikali ya kiraisi]] | kiongozi1_cheo = [[Rais]]||kiongozi1 Faustin-Archange Touadéra | kiongozi2_cheo = [[Waziri Mkuu]] | kiongozi1 = Faustin-Archange Touadéra | cheo_kiongozi1 = Rais | kiongozi2 = Félix Moloua | cheo_kiongozi2 = Waziri Mkuu | muundo_uhuru = '''Uhuru kutoka Ufaransa''' | tukio1 = Jamhuri ilianzishwa | tukio2 = Uhuru kutoka Ufaransa | tukio1_tarehe = 1 Desemba 1958 | tukio2_tarehe = 13 Agosti 1960 | eneo_jumla = 622,984 | cheo_eneo = 44 | watu_kadirio = 5,650,957 | mwaka_kadirio = 2024 | msongamano = 7.1 | mwaka_pato = 2023 | pato_ppp = {{increase}} $5.678 bilioni | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $1,109 | plt = {{increase}} $2.760 bilioni | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $539 | gini = 43 | mwaka_gini = 2021 | maendeleo = {{increase}} 0.414<br />{{chini}} | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | fedha = Faranga ya CFA ya Afrika ya Kati (XAF) | majira_saa = +1 (WAT) | mfumo_tarehe = dd/mm/yyyy | msimbo_simu = 236 | tld = .cf }} '''Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati''' (kwa [[Kisango]] ''Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka'') , ni [[nchi]] isiyo na pwani iliyoko katika katikati ya bara la [[Afrika]]. Inapakana na [[Chad]] kaskazini, [[Sudan]] na [[Sudan Kusini]] mashariki, [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] kusini, [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] kusini-magharibi, na [[Kamerun]] magharibi. Ina idadi ya watu takriban milioni 5.5, ikiwa ya 117 duniani. Mji mkuu na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Bangui]]. Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati imegawanyika katika maeneo ndogo 16, pamoja na mikoa miwili maalum. Inajulikana kwa rasilimali zake asilia kama vile [[almasi]], [[dhahabu]], na [[msitu|misitu]], lakini pia kwa [[historia]] ya mizozo ya [[siasa|kisiasa]] na migogoro ya silaha ambayo imeathiri maendeleo ya taifa hilo kwa muda mrefu. Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ina mchanganyiko wa [[kabila|makabila]] mengi, yakiwemo Gbaya, Banda, Mandja, Sara, na Zande, miongoni mwa mengine. Licha ya kuwa na lugha rasmi mbili—[[Kifaransa]] na [[Kisango]]—kuna zaidi ya lugha 70 zinazozungumzwa nchini humo, zikionyesha utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]]. [[Ukristo]] ndiyo dini inayotawala, ikifuatiwa na [[Uislamu]] na [[dini za jadi]]. [[Elimu]] na huduma za [[afya]] zimeathiriwa sana na mizozo ya ndani, lakini juhudi za kuimarisha huduma hizo zinaendelea kupitia usaidizi wa kimataifa. Kwa upande wa [[uchumi]], licha ya utajiri wa [[rasilimali]], Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ni moja ya nchi maskini zaidi duniani kwa kipato cha mtu mmoja. Shughuli kuu za [[uchumi|kiuchumi]] ni [[kilimo]], [[ufugaji]], uchimbaji [[madini]] na misitu. [[Almasi]] ndiyo bidhaa kuu ya [[Mahuruji|kuuza nje]], ingawa sekta hiyo mara nyingi haijasimamiwa vizuri na imekumbwa na biashara haramu. Serikali na washirika wa kimataifa wanafanya juhudi za kuleta amani na kujenga taasisi imara za utawala ili kuwezesha maendeleo endelevu na ustawi wa [[jamii|kijamii]]. == Jiografia == [[Picha:Central African Republic-CIA WFB Map.png|thumb|right|Ramani ya Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] Nchi hii, hasa inashikilia [[mbuga ya Sudani-Guinea]], lakini pia [[jangwa]] la [[Sahara]] upande wa kaskazini na [[msitu]] wa [[ikweta]] kusini. [[Theluthi]] mbili za eneo la nchi zimetapakaa kwa mabia ya [[mto]] [[Ubangi]] unaotiririka kusini kwa [[Mto Kongo]], na theluthi ya eneo katapakaa kwa mabia ya mto [[Shari]], unaotiririka kusini kwa [[Ziwa Chadi]]. == Historia == {{main|Historia ya Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati}} === Historia ya Kale === === Ukoloni wa Ufaransa === Kwa sababu ya utapakazi wa eneo kwa mabia ya mto Ubangi na mto Shari, [[Wafaransa]] wakati wa [[ukoloni]] waliita nchi hii [[Ubangi-Shari]] ([[Oubangui-Chari]] kwa Kifaransa). Ilipokuwa [[koloni]] la Ufaransa, Ubangi-Shari ziliwekewa [[mamlaka]] ya [[madaraka]] kama eneo la [[Jamii ya Wafaransa]] mwaka wa [[1958]], lakini baadaye ilipata [[uhuru]] tarehe [[13 Agosti]] [[1960]]. === Uhuru === Kwa miongo mitatu kutoka uhuru, ‘Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati’ ilitawaliwa na [[serikali]] za mabavu zilizonyakua mamlaka bila kufuata taratibu za [[demokrasia]]. Kwa namna ya pekee [[Jean-Bédel Bokassa]] alitawala kuanzia tarehe [[31 Desemba]] [[1965]] hadi Septemba [[1979]], akijifanya [[kaisari]] tarehe [[4 Desemba]] [[1976]]. Mwaka wa [[1993]], [[kura]] za kidemokrasia za kwanza zilifanywa na kumchagua [[Ange-Félix Patassé]] kuwa [[Rais]]. Lakini Rais Patassé alipinduliwa na [[Jenerali]] [[François Bozizé]] mwaka wa [[2003]]. Baadaye huyo alishinda [[uchaguzi]] mnamo Mei [[2005]] na kuiongoza nchi mpaka Machi [[2013]] alipolazimika kukimbia. Kati ya Novemba [[2012]] na tarehe [[23 Julai]] [[2014]] [[vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe]] vilipamba kwa [[ukatili]] na vinaendelea hadi mwaka 2020. == Eneo == Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati imegawiwa katika maeneo 14, yanayoitwa ''préfectures'', na pia maeneo 2 ya [[uchumi]] (''préfectures economique'') na [[mji]] mmoja (commune). Maeneo hayo yamegawiwa zaidi katika [[wilaya]] 71 zinazoitwa ''sous-préfectures''. [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya afrika ya kati|mikoa]] ni: [[Bamingui-Bangoran]], [[Basse-Kotto]], [[Haute-Kotto]], [[Haut-Mbomou]], [[Kémo]], [[Lobaye]], [[Mambéré-Kadéï]], [[Mbomou]], [[Nana-Mambéré]], [[Ombella-M'Poko]], [[Ouaka]], [[Ouham]], [[Ouham-Pendé]], na [[Vakaga]]; maeneo ya uchumi ni [[Nana-Grébizi]] na [[Sangha-Mbaéré]]; na mji ni [[Bangui]]. == Demografia== Nchi ina watu 4,666,368 waliogawanyika katika ma[[kabila]] 80, kila moja likiwa na [[lugha]] ya pekee. Ile inayowaunganisha katika mawasiliano ni [[Kisango]], ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kifaransa]]. === Dini === [[File:Niem (RCA) - Eglise de brousse 1.jpg|thumb|[[Kanisa]] la [[Vijiji|vijijini]] huko [[Niem]].]] Kadiri ya [[sensa]] ya mwaka 2003, kati ya wakazi, 80.3% ni [[Wakristo]] (51.4% [[Waprotestanti]] na 28.9% [[Wakatoliki]]). [[Waislamu]] ni 10% na wengi wa waliobaki wanafuata [[dini za jadi]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya lugha za Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons|Central African Republic|Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati}} === Habari === * [http://allafrica.com/centralafricanrepublic/ allAfrica - '' Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ''] kiungo cha taarifa ya habari === Uchambuzi === * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1067518.stm BBC News - ''Country Profile: Central African Republic''] * [http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ct.html CIA World Factbook - ''Central African Republic''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ct.html |date=20001120111200 }} === Maelekezo === * [http://dmoz.org/Regional/Africa/Central_African_Republic Open Directory Project - ''Central African Republic''] {{Wayback|url=http://dmoz.org/Regional/Africa/Central_African_Republic |date=20060614074622 }} directory category * [http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/centralafr.html chuokikuu cha Stanford – Afrika kusini mwa sahara: ''Central African Republic''] directory category * [http://www.kodro.net/ The Index on Africa - '' Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kodro.net/ |date=20060406065425 }} directory category * [http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Country_Specific/CAR.html chuo kikuu cha Pennsylvania – Masomo ya afrikar: '' Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ''] maelekezo * [http://dir.yahoo.com/Regional/Countries/Central_African_Republic/ Yahoo! - '' Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ''] {{Wayback|url=http://dir.yahoo.com/Regional/Countries/Central_African_Republic/ |date=20060421003603 }} maelekezo === Makabila na koo === * [http://www.pygmies.info African Pygmies] Utamaduni na muziki wa watu wa Jamhuri ya Afrika, picha na ulezaji wa ukoo. {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia lugha ya Kifaransa]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] bh7vlq686vssph8qc9qb3npzn9frz9s 0 6317 1579152 1287252 2026-07-12T02:08:06Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579152 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kiluo''' (au ''Kijaluo'') ni [[lugha]] mojawapo [[lugha za Kiniloti|ya Kiniloti]] inayozungumzwa na [[Waluo]] nchini [[Kenya]] na pia [[Tanzania]]. Jumla ya wasemaji ni zaidi ya [[milioni]] 4.4. Hivyo inaongoza kati ya [[lugha za Kinilo-Sahara]]. ==Marejeo== *Maho, Jouni & Bonny Sands. 2002. ''The languages of Tanzania: a bibliography''. (Orientalia et africana gothoburgensia, no 17.) Göteborg: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis. Pp ix, 428. ISBN 91-7346-454-6 Kitabu hiki kinataja marejeo mengine kama: *Capen, Carole Jamieson. 1998. ''Bilingual Dholuo-English dictionary, Kenya''. Tucson (Arizona): self-published. Kurasa ix, 322. [ISBN 0-966688-10-4] https://www.webonary.org/dholuo/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.webonary.org/dholuo/ |date=20200723032201 }} *Gregersen, Edgar. 1961. Luo: a grammar. PhD thesis. Yale University at Harvard. Kurasa 166. *Odaga, Asenath Bole (1997). English-Dholuo dictionary. Lake Publishers & Enterprises, Kisumu. [ISBN 9966-48-781-6]. ==Viungo vya nje== *[http://multitree.org/codes/luo lugha ya Kiluo kwenye Multitree] *[http://www.language-archives.org/language/luo makala za OLAC kuhusu Kiluo] {{Wayback|url=http://www.language-archives.org/language/luo |date=20141008171948 }} *[http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/luok1236 lugha ya Kiluo katika Glottolog] *http://www.ethnologue.com/language/luo *http://www.african.gu.se/tanzania/weblinks.html {{Wayback|url=http://www.african.gu.se/tanzania/weblinks.html |date=20061004195910 }} {{mbegu-lugha}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Luo}} [[Jamii:Lugha za Kenya]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Kinilo-Sahara]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Kiniloti]] mpcovpr3izbnokkjj55ry1lfafyhybj 0 12974 1579137 247255 2026-07-11T13:59:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579137 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kitiriko''' ni [[lugha ya Kibantu]] nchini [[Tanzania]] iliyozaliwa kutokana na mchanganyiko wa [[Kihehe]] [[Kigogo]] na [[Kibena (Tanzania)|Kibena]]. Maneno mengi ya Kitiriko yanatokana na lugha hizo tatu. Inasemwa na [[Watiriko]] ambao wanapatikana kwa wingi upande wa kusini mwa [[Wilaya ya Mpwapwa]] katika [[Mkoa wa Dodoma]] (maeneo kama [[Kibakwe (Mpwapwa)|Kibakwe]], [[Chamtumile]], [[Ikuyu]], na [[Wotta]]).   Kitiriko si [[lugha]] inayojitegemea kikamilifu tangu [[asili]] yake ya kale; badala yake, ni lugha [[chotara]]. Ingawa lugha yao ni mchanganyiko, kiutamaduni wana muingiliano mkubwa sana na [[Wahehe]] (kama vile [[desturi]] za jinsi [[tohara|wanavyotahiri]] [[wavulana]]) pamoja na [[Wagogo]] (hususan katika [[mtindo]] wa [[Wimbo|nyimbo]] zao za asili na [[michezo]] ya kiutamaduni). Kulingana na [[historia]] yao, jamii hii ilitokana na wahamaji waliotoka maeneo ya [[kusini]] ([[mkoa wa Iringa|Iringa]] ya sasa) wakavuka [[Ruaha Mkuu|mto Ruaha]] na kuhamia maeneo ya Mpwapwa. Ili kuingiana vyema na wenyeji (Wagogo), walichanganya tamaduni na lugha zao. {{mbegu-lugha}} [[Category:Lugha za Tanzania|Tiriko]] [[Jamii:wilaya ya Mpwapwa]] nx2xqam7fh4brh03wuldel27mhucu57 0 16797 1579197 1577042 2026-07-12T10:31:59Z Josefi chipitu 90882 Alama za uandishi 1579197 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Notgeld, Stützerbach, 1921, 10 pfennigs 1.jpg‎|thumb|200px|[[Stempu]] ya [[mwaka]] [[1921]] ikionyesha utengenezaji wa kioo.]] '''Kioo''' ni [[dutu]] imara na ngumu inayopatikana kwa [[umbo]] lolote. Kwa kawaida ni kiangavu na wazi maana yake kinaruhusu kuona yale yaliyopo nyuma yake. Inatengenezwa pia kwa [[rangi]] mbalimbali kwa mfano, kwa ajili ya [[Dirisha|madirisha]] ya [[Kanisa|makanisa]]. Kioo ni dutu [[hobela]], hakina [[fuwele]] ndani yake. Matumizi ya kila [[siku]] ni katika [[chupa]] na madirisha ya kioo. Kioo hutokea kiasili kama [[silika]], inapashwa [[joto]] kali zaidi ya [[Selsiasi|sentigredi]] 2,000. Watu walikuta kioo cha aina hiyo baada ya [[Chamko la volkeno|milipuko]] ya [[volkeno]] au [[moto]] asilia mkali. Walijifunza kuitengeneza kwa kuongeza viungo kadhaa vinavyopunguza kiwango cha kuyeyuka. == Picha za kioo == <gallery> Image:Roman diatretglas.jpg|[[Bilauri]] ya [[Roma ya Kale]] Image:Glas halbvoll.JPG| Image:Glass-Ball.jpg| Image:Chartres2006 046.jpg|Madirisha ya [[kanisa kuu]] la [[Chartres]] </gallery> == Viungo vya nje == {{commonscat|Glass|Kioo}} * [http://www.cmog.org/ Corning Museum of Glass] * [http://www.worldartglass.com/index.asp A comprehensive guide to art glass and crystal around the world] {{Wayback|url=http://www.worldartglass.com/index.asp |date=20101226074245 }} * [http://venixe.com/en/glass-working-descriptions/description-of-the-art-of-murano-glass-furnace-and-mol.html Working Description Furnace & Moleria - Murano Glass] * [http://www.glassonweb.com Informative website about the glass industry] * [http://1st.glassman.com/articles/glasscolouring.html Substances used in the Making of Colored Glass] {{Wayback|url=http://1st.glassman.com/articles/glasscolouring.html |date=20051130153852 }} * [http://www.glassfacts.info Almost 400 articles and images about glass (mostly art glass)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.glassfacts.info/ |date=20181022011824 }} {{Mbegu-kemia}} [[Jamii:Kemia]] 4rji37wad0sl9ttns4e5e9ydqjjkhek 0 23589 1579120 1579100 2026-07-11T13:13:33Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579120 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Settlement |jina_rasmi = Milwaukee |picha_ya_satelite = Milwaukee Wisconsin 7952.jpg |pushpin_map = Marekani |pushpin_map_caption = Mahali pa Milwaukee katika Marekani |picha_ya_bendera = Flag of Milwaukee, Wisconsin.svg |ukubwa_wa_picha = 100px |picha_ya_seal = Seal of Milwaukee, Wisconsin.svg |seal_size = |settlement_type = Mji |subdivision_type = [[Madola|Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Marekani]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Orodha ya majimbo ya Marekani|Jimbo]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Wisconsin]] |subdivision_type2 = [[:en:List of counties in Wisconsin|Wilaya]] |subdivision_name2 = [[:en:Milwaukee County, Wisconsin|Milwaukee]]<br />[[:en:Waukesha County, Wisconsin|Waukesha]] |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 602191 |latd=43 |latm=03 |lats=08 |latNS=N |longd=87 |longm=57 |longs=21 |longEW=W |website = [http://www.city.milwaukee.gov/ www.city.milwaukee.gov] {{Wayback|url=http://www.city.milwaukee.gov/ |date=20100420052501 }} }} [[Picha: Milwaukee_Collage_New.jpg|thumbnail|right|280px|Mji wa Milwaukee, Wisconsin]] [[Picha:Milwaukeedowntown.jpg|260px|thumb|Milwaukee na Ziwa Michigan]] [[Picha:WIMap-doton-Milwaukee.PNG|260px|thumb|Milwaukee, Wisconsin]] '''Milwaukee''' ni mji mkubwa wa [[Wisconsin]] ya kusini, kando ya [[Ziwa Michigan]]. Ni mji wa ishirini na tatu kwa ukubwa katika [[Marekani]] ukiwa na wakazi 602,191 (pamoja na mitaa ya nje: 1,739,497) kwenye eneo la [[Kilomita|km²]] 251. Mji upo m 188 kutoka [[juu ya usawa wa bahari]]. Jina la Milwaukee latoka katika lugha ya [[Kialgonkian]] likimaanisha ''bara sheshe''. Mji uliundwa mwaka [[1818]]. == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.city.milwaukee.gov/ Tovuti ya mji la Milwaukee] {{Wayback|url=http://www.city.milwaukee.gov/ |date=20100420052501 }} {{commonscat}} {{mbegu-jio-USA}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wisconsin]] [[Jamii:Ziwa Michigan]] [[Jamii:Milwaukee, Wisconsin| ]] 3pnn41gssb9qkz34r9ec8eow77kv1gz 0 24344 1579149 1515260 2026-07-11T23:38:19Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579149 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Msanii muziki 2 |Jina = Jay-Z |Img = Jay-Z @ Shawn 'Jay-Z' Carter Foundation Carnival (crop 2).jpg |Img_capt = Jay-Z, mnamo 2011 |Img_size = |Background = solo_singer |Jina la kuzaliwa = Shawn Corey Carter |Ndoa = [[Beyoncé Knowles]] |Amezaliwa = {{birth date and age|1969|12|4|df=yes}}<br />[[Brooklyn, New York]], [[Marekani]] |Kazi yake = [[Rapa]], [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]], [[mtayarishaji wa rekodi]] |Ala = Sauti |Miaka ya kazi = 1986 – hadi |Aina = [[Muziki wa hip hop|Hip hop]] |Ameshirikiana na = [[Jaz-O]], [[Memphis Bleek]], [[Beanie Sigel]], [[Amil]], [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]], [[Linkin Park]], [[Kanye West]], [[R. Kelly]], [[T.I.]], [[UGK]], [[Lil Wayne]], [[Freeway]], [[The Notorious B.I.G.]], [[Nas]], [[Sean Combs]], [[Foxy Brown]], [[Pharrell Williams|Pharrell]], [[Coldplay]], [[Eminem]] |Studio = [[Roc Nation]]/[[Atlantic Records]] | Ndoa = [[Beyoncé Knowles]] (2008—hadi leo) |Tovuti = [http://www.jay-z.com/ www.jay-z.com] }} '''Shawn Corey Carter''' (amezaliwa tar. [[4 Desemba]] [[1969]]<ref>[http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0419650/ Jay-Z]. Internet Movie Database. Imeingizwa tar. 23 Oktoba 2008.</ref>) ni msanii wa [[hip hop]] na mfanyabiashara kutoka nchini [[Marekani]]. Anafahamika zaidi kwa jina lake la [[jina la kisanii|kisanii]] kama '''Jay-Z'''. Huyu ni Ofisa Mkuu wa zamani wa [[Def Jam Recordings]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.pitchforkmedia.com/page/news/47700-jay-z-leaves-def-jam-presidency |title=Pitchfork: Jay-Z Leaves Def Jam Presidency<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2007-07-24 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070724132847/http://www.pitchforkmedia.com/page/news/47700-jay-z-leaves-def-jam-presidency |archivedate=2007-07-24 }}</ref> na [[Roc-A-Fella Records]]. Pia ni mmoja kati ya wanaomiliki klabu ya [[The 40/40 Club]] na [[New Jersey Nets]]. Huyu ni mmoja kati ya wasanii na mjasiriamali wa hip hop wa Marekani wenye mafanikio makubwa kabisa,<ref name="mtv greatest">[http://www.mtv.com/bands/h/hip_hop_week/2006/emcees/index11.jhtml The Greatest MCs of All Time] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mtv.com/bands/h/hip_hop_week/2006/emcees/index11.jhtml |date=20060415035102 }} ''MTV''. Retrieved on 2006-12-26</ref> kwa kuuza nakala zaidi ya milioni 26 nchini Marekani na kupokea [[Tuzo za Grammy]] kadhaa kwa kazi zake za kimuziki.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=tblTopArt |title=RIAA - Gold & Platinum - August 08, 2008<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-06-13 |archivedate=2007-07-01 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070701163039/http://riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=tblTopArt }}</ref> Pamoja na kuwa na mafanikio yake makubwa ya kimuziki, Jay-Z anafahamika zaidi kwa kujihusisha na masuala ya ugomvi na baadhi ya wasanii wengine wa soko zima la rap, moiongoni mwa ugomvi mkubwa uliokuwa unajulikana na watu wengi duniani ni ule wa yeye na rapa mwenziwe wa mjini New York Bw. [[Nas]], ambao ulikuja kusuluishwa mnamo mwaka wa 2005. Jay-Z alitoa albamu yake ya kwanza iliitwa ''[[Reasonable Doubt]]'', ilipewa sifa na ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' kama albamu #248 ikiwa kama "[[Albamu Kali 500 za Karne]]". Albamu yake iliyompa sifa zaidi ni ile ya ''[[The Blueprint]]'', iliandikwa kwa siku mbili tu, basi.<ref>Recounted by Jay-Z on the documentary ''[[Collision Course (album)|Collision Course]]'' DVD. ''Collision Course''. Jay-Z and Linkin Park. Roc-A-Fella/Warner Bros./Machine Shop Recordings. 2004.</ref> Baada ya kujitangaza kwamba anastaafu muziki mnamo mwaka wa 2003, alirejea tena kazini mwishoni mwa mwaka wa 2006 na albamu yake ya ''[[Kingdom Come]]'', ambayo iliuza kopi 680,000 katika wiki ya kwanza, na kuifanya iwe albamu ya Jay-Z iliofanya mauzo ya juu katika kipindi cha wiki ya kwanza.<ref name="billboardkingdom">[http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003465594 Jay-Z Reclaims His 'Kingdom' With No. 1 Debut] {{Wayback|url=http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003465594 |date=20121027114447 }}. [[Billboard.com]]. Retrieved on 29 Novemba 2006.</ref> [[MTV]] wamemwita kama msanii wa kwanza katika orodha ya Ma-MC wao wa karne. Mnamo mwezi wa Aprili 2008, Jay-Z ameripotiwa kwenye verge kwamba ameingia ubia na [[Live Nation]] kwa kaisi cha Dola za Kimarekani zipatazo milioni 150—ambapo ni miongoni mwa mikataba mikubwa sana na ghari kwa wasanii wambo waliowahi kuungana nao.<ref>{{cite news |first=Jeff |last=Leeds |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=In Rapper’s Deal, a New Model for Music Business |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/03/arts/music/03jayz.html |work=New York Times |publisher= |date=2008-04-03 |accessdate=2008-04-03 }}</ref> Carter amemwoa Bi. [[Beyoncé Knowles]] mnamo tar. [[4 Aprili]] 2008.<ref>[http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20188764,00.html Source: Beyoncé and Jay-Z Are Married<!--bot generated article -->]</ref> == Wasifu == === Maisha ya awali === Mtu huyu amekuwa akihusishwa na nadharia mbalimbali ambazo zinaamini kuwa jay z amekuwa akifa na kuzaliwa upya hii inathibitishwa na picha take aliyppiga mnamo mwaka 1929 huko jijini network akiwa kijana amekuwa ukiulizwa na kusema kuwa yeye ni "young forever" yani mdogo milele == Discografia == {{main|Discografia ya Jay-Z}} ;Solo albamu * ''[[Reasonable Doubt]]'' (1996) * ''[[In My Lifetime, Vol. 1]]'' (1997) * ''[[Vol. 2... Hard Knock Life]]'' (1998) * ''[[Vol. 3... Life and Times of S. Carter]]'' (1999) * ''[[The Dynasty: Roc La Familia]]'' (2000) * ''[[The Blueprint]]'' (2001) * ''[[The Blueprint²: The Gift & the Curse]]'' (2002) * ''[[The Black Album]]'' (2003) * ''[[Kingdom Come]]'' (2006) * ''[[American Gangster]]'' (2007) * ''[[The Blueprint³]]'' (2009) ;Albamu za Kolabo * ''Streets Is Watching'' (1998) * ''[[The Best of Both Worlds (albamu ya Jay-Z na R. Kelly)|The Best of Both Worlds]]'' (2002) – akiwa na [[R. Kelly]] * ''[[Unfinished Business (albamu ya Jay-Z na R. Kelly)|Unfinished Business]]'' (2004) – with R. Kelly * ''Collision Course'' (2004) – akiwa na [[Linkin Park]] ;Kompilesheni albamu * ''Jay-Z: Unplugged'' (2001) * ''Chapter One: Greatest Hits'' (2002) * ''The Blueprint 2.1'' (2003) * ''Bring It On: The Best of Jay-Z'' (2003) * ''Greatest Hits'' (2006) == Tuzo == {{main|Orodha ya tuzo na uteuzi uliopokelewa na Jay-Z}} == Filmografia == {|class="wikitable" ! align="center"width="214" rowspan="1"| Filamu ! align="center"width="320" rowspan="1"| Mwaka |- | ''Streets Is Watching'' | 1998 |- | ''Backstage'' | 2000 |- | ''State Property'' | 2002 |- | ''Paper Soldiers'' | 2002 |- | ''Fade to Black'' | 2004 |- | ''Diary of Jay-Z: Water for Life'' | 2006 |} == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.jay-z.com Official website] {{Wayback|url=http://www.jay-z.com/ |date=20110311133523 }} * [http://www.rocafella.com/Artist.aspx?id=1&avid=121&idj=352 Roc-a-Fella Records profile] * {{imdb name|id=0419650|name=Jay-Z}} {{Commons}} {{wikiquote}} {{Jay-Z}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Carter, Shawn}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1969]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:New York City]] h81a1vchcxopifzr7f92bjfq1jvq79i 0 57873 1579148 1302190 2026-07-11T22:22:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579148 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Moses San Pietro in Vincoli.jpg|thumb|Mapembe kichwani mwa [[Musa]] alivyochongwa na [[Michelangelo]] ni [[kielelezo]] cha hekima.]] [[Image:Efez Celsus Library 3 RB.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Sanamu]] ya hekima katika [[Ugiriki wa kale]] kwenye [[Celsus Library]] huko [[Efeso]], [[Uturuki]].]] '''Hekima''' ni hali bora ya mtu katika kutambua [[ukweli]] wa [[binadamu]], [[vitu]], [[matukio]] na [[mazingira]] mbalimbali hata kuchagua vizuri la kufanya. Katika [[dini]] mbalimbali inatokana na [[imani]] kwa [[Mungu]]. Katika [[Ukristo]] inatajwa pengine kati ya [[vipaji vya Roho Mtakatifu]] vinavyokamilisha [[maadili ya kiutu]] na [[maadili ya Kimungu]] vilevile. Ndicho kipaji bora ambacho hutusaidia tupende na kufurahia mambo ya Mungu. ==Marejeo== * Allen, James Sloan, ''Worldly Wisdom: Great Books and the Meanings of Life,'' [[Frederic C. Beil]], 2008. ISBN 978-1-929490-35-6 * Miller, James, L., "Measures of Wisdom: The Cosmic Dance in Classical and Christian Antiquity", University of Toronto Press, 1986. ISBN 0-8020-2553-6 * Velasquez, Susan McNeal, "Beyond Intellect: Journey Into the Wisdom of Your Intuitive Mind", Row Your Boat Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-9796410-0-8 *Freduci Philomathis, "What is this thing called wisdom?", Journal Behind the State of the Art, Maybell, Colorado, 2006 *E.F. Schumacher, "Small is Beautiful", Harper and Row, New York, New York, 1989. * [[Sternberg, Robert J.]], ''Wisdom: Its Nature, Origins, and Development'' (1990). [[Cambridge University Press]]. ISBN 978-0521367189 == Viungo vya nje == {{Wiktionary}} {{wikiquote}} * [http://www.path-work.info Atlas of Wisdom: Wisdom in Psychology and Spirituality] {{Wayback|url=http://www.path-work.info/ |date=20190124152859 }} * [http://www.nick-maxwell.demon.co.uk From Knowledge to Wisdom] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nick-maxwell.demon.co.uk/ |date=20121209110220 }} * [http://www.foundationsmag.com/wisdom.html Where is the Wisdom We have Lost in Knowledge?] * [http://www.excaliburbooks.com Wisdom in Perspective] {{Wayback|url=http://www.excaliburbooks.com/ |date=20170917115252 }} * [http://www.foundationsmag.com/wisdom2.html Wisdom: The Interval Between the Notes] *[http://www.john-uebersax.com/plato/lexicon.htm John-uebersax.com] {{Wayback|url=http://www.john-uebersax.com/plato/lexicon.htm |date=20230716184842 }}, Wisdom Lexicon Project * [http://library.mpib-berlin.mpg.de/ft/pb/PB_Wisdom_2004.pdf Book on Wisdom from psychologist Paul Baltes] * [http://www.poetrybytroy.com/living_wisdom.html Living Wisdom — A Research Paper about Wisdom] {{Wayback|url=http://www.poetrybytroy.com/living_wisdom.html |date=20111006145007 }} * [http://www.wisdompage.com The Wisdom Page] * [http://www.wisdomation.com Share Your Wisdom Here] {{Wayback|url=http://www.wisdomation.com/ |date=20201109020801 }} * [http://www.wisdomresearch.org The Defining Wisdom Project of the University of Chicago] {{mbegu}} [[Category:Vipaji vya Roho Mtakatifu]] [[Category:Maisha ya kiroho]] [[Category:Maadili]] 3rtizenc0b7ofu0eq0x947ugyjbafmz 0 61892 1579147 1512663 2026-07-11T21:24:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579147 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Hong Kong Budha.jpg|thumb|311x311px|right|[[Sanamu]] ya Buddha huko [[Hong Kong]] ([[China]]).]] '''Siddhārtha Gautama''' (kwa [[Kisanskrit]]: [[wikt:सिद्धार्थ|सिद्धार्थ]] [[wikt:गौतम|गौतम]]; kwa [[Kipali]]: '''Siddhattha Gotama'''; [[563 KK]] - [[483 KK]]) alikuwa [[mwalimu wa kiroho]] kutoka [[India]]. Kutokana na mafundisho yake, ulianzishwa [[Ubuddha]] ambao unatazamwa kwa kawaida kuwa [[dini]].<ref> {{cite web |last = Boeree |first = George |title=An Introduction to Buddhism |publisher=Shippensburg University |url=http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/buddhaintro.html |accessdate=2011-09-10}}</ref> Katika [[mapokeo]] mengi ya Kibuddha anatazamwa kama [[Buddha]] mkuu (P. ''sammāsambuddha'', S. ''samyaksaṃbuddha'') wa wakati wetu, ambapo "Buddha" maana yake ni "aliyeamshwa" au "aliyeangazwa." <ref>{{cite web |url= http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/contextualize.pl?p.2.soas.1976481 |title= buddha 9276 |accessdate= 22 Februari 2010 |last= Turner |first= Sir Ralph Lilley |authorlink= Ralph Lilley Turner |year= 1962–1985 |work= A comparative dictionary of the Indo-Aryan languages. London: Oxford University Press |publisher= Digital Dictionaries of South Asia, University of Chicago |page= 525 |quote= [[Sister language|Hypothetical root]] ''budh'' "perceive" 1. Pali ''buddha'' – "understood, enlightened", [[Grammatical gender|masculine]] "the ''Buddha''"; Aśokan (the language of the [[Edicts of Ashoka|Inscriptions of Aśoka]]) ''Budhe'' [[Nominative case|nominative]] [[grammatical number|singular]]; [[Prakrit]] ''buddha'' – ‘ known, awakened ’; [[Waigali language|Waigalī]] ''būdāī'', "truth"; [[Kalami language|Bashkarīk]] ''budh'' "he heard"; [[Torwali language|Tōrwālī]] ''būdo'' [[preterite]] of ''bū'', "to see, know" from ''bṓdhati''; [[Phalura language|Phalūṛa]] ''búddo'' preterite of ''buǰǰ '', "to understand" from ''búdhyatē''; [[Shina language|Shina]] Gilgitī dialect ''budo'', "awake"; Gurēsī dialect ''budyōnṷ'' [[Intransitive verb|intransitive]] "to wake"; [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] ''bọ̆du'', "quick of understanding (especially of a child)"; [[Sindhi language|Sindhī]] ''ḇudho'', past [[participle]] ([[Passive voice|passive]]) of ''ḇujhaṇu'', "to understand" from ''búdhyatē'', West [[Pahari languages|Pahāṛī]] ''buddhā'', preterite of ''bujṇā'', "to know"; [[Sinhala language|Sinhalese]] ''buj'' (''j'' written for ''d''), ''budu'', ''bud'', ''but'', "the Buddha". |archiveurl= https://archive.today/20120717085826/http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/contextualize.pl?p.2.soas.1976481 |archivedate= 2012-07-17 |= https://archive.today/20120717085826/http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/contextualize.pl?p.2.soas.1976481 }}</ref> Miaka yake ya kuishi haina hakika: wanahistoria wengi wa mwanzo wa [[karne ya 20]] walitaja miaka [[563 KK]] hadi [[483 KK]] hivi,<ref>L. S. Cousins (1996), "[http://indology.info/papers/cousins The dating of the historical Buddha] {{Wayback|url=http://indology.info/papers/cousins |date=20110226184207 }}: a review article", ''[[Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society]]'' '''(3)6(1)''': 57–63.</ref> lakini maoni ya siku hizi yanataja mwaka wa kufariki kati ya [[486 KK]] na 483 KK au, hata kati ya [[411 KK]] na [[400 KK]].<ref>See the consensus in the essays by leading scholars in ''The Date of the Historical Śākyamuni Buddha'' (2003) Edited by A. K. Narain. B. R. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi. ISBN 81-7646-353-1.</ref><ref> "If, as is now almost universally accepted by informed Indological scholarship, a re-examination of early Buddhist historical material, ..., necessitates a redating of the Buddha's death to between 411 and 400 BCE...." —Paul Dundas, ''The Jains'', 2nd edition, ([[Routledge]], 2001), [http://books.google.com/books?id=5ialKAbIyV4C&pg=PA24 p. 24.] </ref> Kadiri ya [[akiolojia]], Buddha aliweza kuzaliwa huko [[Lumbini]], (leo nchini [[Nepal]])<ref name="UNESCO">{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/666|title=Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha|publisher=UNESCO|accessdate=26 Mei 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/the-astamahapratiharya-buddhist-pilgrimage-sites/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2011-10-29 |archivedate=2012-10-31 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121031180234/http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/the-astamahapratiharya-buddhist-pilgrimage-sites/ }}</ref><ref name="UNESCO"/> au huko [[Kapilavastu]], [[Piprahwa]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]] au tena [[Kapileswara]], [[Orissa]], [[India]].<ref name="V and A">{{cite web|url=http://www.vam.ac.uk/collections/asia/asia_features/buddhism/buddhist_pilgrimage/sites_india/kapilavastu/index.html|title=Kapilavastu|accessdate=1 Machi 2011|archivedate=2011-01-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108040311/http://www.vam.ac.uk/collections/asia/asia_features/buddhism/buddhist_pilgrimage/sites_india/kapilavastu/index.html}}</ref><ref name="hindu1">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl2204/stories/20050225001008800.htm |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2011-10-29 |archivedate=2013-06-03 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603040336/http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl2204/stories/20050225001008800.htm }}</ref><ref name="rediff1">http://www.rediff.com/news/2002/sep/16spec.htm</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.srilankaguardian.org/2008/03/buddha-born-in-orissa-scholars.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2011-10-29 |archive-date=2012-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120518145537/http://www.srilankaguardian.org/2008/03/buddha-born-in-orissa-scholars.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Orissa-gov">http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/Journal/jounalvol1/pdf/orhj-3.pdf</ref> Baadaye alifundisha huko na huko India mashariki, kama vile [[Magadha]] na [[Kosala|Kośala]].<ref>Warder, A.K. ''Indian Buddhism''. 2000. p. 45</ref><ref>Skilton, Andrew. ''A Concise History of Buddhism.'' 2004. p. 41</ref> Gautama, anayejulikana pia kama ''Śākyamuni'' ("Mwenye hekima wa [[Shakya|Śākyas]]"), ni mwalimu mkuu wa Ubuddha, lakini anaheshimiwa pia katika dini ya [[Ubanyani]], katika tapo la [[Kiislamu]] la [[Ahmadiyya]] <ref name="Islam and the Ahmadiyya jamaʻat">[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Q78O1mjX2tMC&pg=PA26&dq=ahmadiyya+buddha&hl=en&ei=wbZHTbfyBcWYhQeO-eS9BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=ahmadiyya%20buddha&f=false Islam and the Ahmadiyya jamaʻat] Retrieved on Februari 2011</ref> na katika [[imani]] ya [[Baha'í]]. == Maisha == === Mtoto wa kifalme === Yeye alizaliwa na kupewa jina la Siddharta kutoka kwenye [[familia]] ya kifalme ya [[ukoo]] wa Shakyamuni yapata miaka 2500 iliyopita huko [[India]] ya kaskazini. [[Mama]] wa Buddha alifariki angali yeye ni mtoto na tena alikuwa na shauku la kuwa mtoto atayemzaa si wa kawaida. Akiwa [[mjamzito]], aliota [[ndoto]] ya [[Tembo]] mweupe aliyehusunika na mtoto atakayejifungua. Jambo hilo lilikuwa [[dalili]] ya kuonyesha kwamba mtoto atakayezaliwa atakuwa mtu mwenye [[bahati]] na tena maalum. Mwona aliyetembelea jumba la kifalme ili kutoa [[utabiri]] wake kuhusu maajaliwa ya mtoto, kwa mujibu wa [[desturi]] na [[mila]] za siku zile, alitabiri kwamba mtoto huyo atakuja kuwa mkubwa na [[mtawala]] mahiri; ama ataiacha [[kasri]] ya [[baba]] yake na kuishi maisha ya kipweke kutafuta shauri kuu kuhusu Maisha na Uhai. Babake Siddharta aliyekuwa mtawala, alishitushwa mno na kauli ya mtoto wake kuja kuwa [[Mmistiya]]. Hivyo alijitahidi kila aliloweza kumficha mtoto kuhusu upande wa maisha wenye sura ya [[tabu]] na ma[[hangaiko]]. Akijaribu kumsogezea na kumpa kila [[fahari]] ya maisha ili asahau sehemu ya [[nafsi]] yake yenye uwezekano wa kumfanya aghairi maisha ya [[anasa]] ili kwenda kuishi kimaskini kama wamistiya wengi wa zama zile walivyokuwa wakifanya, kutoka mijini na kwenda porini kuishi maisha duni na hali ya asili. Alipofikia umri wa kuoa, baba yake alimpa [[mke]] ambaye alimzalia [[mjukuu]] mmoja. Hapo Siddharta alikuwa anatimiza miaka takribani ishirini na tisa. === Safari nne za Siddharta nje ya jumba la kifalme === Wakati ule Siddharta alitoka nje ya jumba la kifalme la babake kwa mara ya kwanza akiongozana na mtumishi wake mmoja mwadilifu. Alishangaa sana alipomwona [[mtu]] aliyetembea kwa [[shida]] tu na [[uso]] ulikuwa na mafinyo tu. Akamwuliza mtumishi wake, "Kwa nini mtu huyu anatembea kwa shida na uso wake unaonyesha mafinyo?" Mtumishi akamjibu, "Huyu ni [[mzee]]. Watu wote watakuwa wazee siku mmoja. Ni hali ya kawaida". Siddharta asiyewahi kumwona mzee kwa sababu babake hakuruhusu wazee katika [[mazingira]] ya mtoto wake akashtuka akauliza: "Je, na mimi nitakuwa mzee na nitaonekana hivyo?". Mtumishi akamjibu, "Ndiyo, na wewe utazeeka kama kila mtu." Wakarudi kwao [[kimya]]. Wakaendelea kutoka nje tena. [[Safari]] ya pili wakamwona [[mgonjwa]], na safari ya tatu wakaona [[maiti]]. Kila safari Siddharta alisikia ya kwamba hata yeye mwenyewe ataona mambo haya maishani mwake. Yote yalimgusa sana akawa na [[wasiwasi]] kwa sababu pande hizo za maisha ziliwahi kufichwa mbele yake. Katika safari ya nne walimwona [[mtawa]] wa [[Uhindu|kihindu]] aliyeketi kando ya [[barabara]]. Siddharta alivutwa sana na [[fikra]] ya kwamba mtu huyu aliachana na [[mali]] na mambo yote kwa [[hiari]] yake na kufikia [[uhuru wa roho]] na hakuogopa tena [[kifo]]. Hapo alikata shauri moyoni mwake kuondoka katika maisha ya kifalme na kutafuta maisha ya watawa. === Maisha ya mtawa === Siddharta aliondoka nje ya jumba la kifalme [[usiku]] mmoja bila ya kumwaga mtu yeyote, akajiunga na kundi la watawa na kufuata maisha yao. Hatimaye, akiwa na wenzake alikutana nao katika [[harakati]] zake kutafuta kilele cha ufahamu, walikwenda kuishi kwenye misitu ya mbali na kudumu katika [[kutafakari]] na Milaya. Miaka sita ilipita, iliyojaa maisha ya kujima na kila namna ya kuusonga [[mwili]] ili kutafuta [[taamuli]]. Hatimaye Siddharta mtawa alidhoofu na mwili wake kukonda kutokana na [[saumu|kufunga]] kwa siku mfululizo. Siku moja akiwa mwenye kukata tamaa, akiwa kando ya [[mto]], alipita [[mwanamke]] aliyebeba [[maziwa]]. Siddharta alimwomba yule mwanamke ampatie maziwa anywe, maana alikuwa mwenye kuhitaji. Basi yule mwanamke akampatia. Baada ya kunywa na kushukuru alijisikia ni mwenye [[utulivu]] akajisemea moyoni kwamba baada ya hapo ataketi chini ya [[mti]] na hatainuka tena mpaka atapotokewa na Taamuli. === Kutaalamiwa chini ya mti === Huo ukawa mwanzo mpya uliofuatiwa na [[baraka]] na [[neema]]. Kwani ni usiku uliofuatia alitokewa na Taamuli na Ufunuo. Katika imani ya Wabuddha akabadilika kuwa "Buddha" katika usiku huu yaani mtu aliyepokea [[ufunuo]] na [[ujuzi]]. Baada ya hapo alikaa na kutafakari mambo yote aliyoyaona na kuaangalia jinsi atakavyoweza kufundisha [[njia]] yenye kuleta [[wongofu]]. Kwani Taamuli yake ilifuatia kutambua Kweli Nne kuhusu maisha. === Kweli Nne za Buddha === [[Kweli]] ya Kwanza ni kuwa Maisha ya duniani ni [[mateso]] kutoka kuzaliwa hadi kufa, hata kifo si mwisho kwani maisha ni mzunguko wa majira ya kufa na kuzaliwa tena na tena. Kweli ya Pili ni kuwa [[asili]] ya masumbuko yote ni [[Ujinga]], yaani kutokujua namna asilia na kanuni ya mambo na hali za maisha na jinsi yanavyosonga. Kweli ya Tatu ni kwamba shida na masumbuko hutokana na kujishikiza kwa mwanadamu na mambo ya dunia hii pasipo uelewa wa lolote linalozidi [[milango ya fahamu]] na budi (Sehemu ya Akili yenye kuendesha fikra kutokana na milango ya fahamu). Kweli ya Nne ni kwamba njia ya wongofu yaani namna ya kutoka katika matatizo haya aliyoiita (Njia ya Nguzo Nane). === Njia ya Nguzo Nane === Ni [[gurudumu]] la nguzo nane ambazo humuongoza mwanadamu kuelekea kwenye Taamuli na hasa kufikia wongofu. Kufikia wongofu ni kuachana na mzunguko wa kufa na kuzaliwa unaosababishwa na matakwa yenye msingi wa Budi inayojengeka na kurudisha hali za kimaisha zenye kufanya mzunguko usiokoma wa masumbuko. Hivyo, njia hii Buddha hii iliyoitwa Dhammapada (Dhamma ni [[uadilifu]] na Pada ni njia) ndio pekee yenye kumkomboa mwanadamu kutoka kwenye taabu na masumbuko ya [[ulimwengu]]. Nayo ina nguzo nane zifuatazo. Moja ni [[Ono]] sahihi. Pili ni [[Dhamira]] sahihi. Tatu ni [[Kauli]] sahihi Nne ni [[Jitihada]] Sahihi. Tano ni [[Tendo]] sahihi. Sita ni [[Isho]] sahihi. Saba ni [[Umakini]] sahihi. Nane ni [[Mkazo nia]] sahihi. === Milaya na Taamuli === Mkazo nia ni [[dhana]] ya kudumu katika kitendo cha [[akili]] yenye kuona pasipo kusogea ama kutangatanga juu ya jambo moja hadi lingine. Na hii ndio [[kigezo]] kikuu cha Siddhaharta Buddha katika kufundisha Milaya yenye kuongoza kwenye Taamuli. Pia tazama [[Vipassana]]. == Tanbihi == {{Reflist}} == Marejeo == * {{cite book|last=Ambedkar|first=B.R.|authorlink=B. R. Ambedkar|title=[[The Buddha and His Dhamma]]|year=1957|location=Bombay|publisher=People's Education Society}} * {{cite book|last=Armstrong|first=Karen|title=Buddha|url=https://archive.org/details/buddha00arms|location=New York|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2001}} * {{cite book|editor-last=Bechert|editor-first=Heinz|year=1996|title=When Did the Buddha Live? The Controversy on the Dating of the Historical Buddha|location=Delhi|publisher=Sri Satguru}} * {{cite book|last=Conze|first=Edward, trans.|title=Buddhist Scriptures|url=https://archive.org/details/buddhistscriptur0000conz|location=London|publisher=Penguin Books|year=1959}} * {{cite book|last=Ñāṇamoli|first=Bhikku|title=The Life of the Buddha According to the Pali Canon|edition=3rd|year=1992|publisher=Buddhist Publication Society|location=Kandy, Sri Lanka}} * {{cite book|last=Ortner|first=Jon|title=Buddha|url=https://archive.org/details/buddha0000ortn|location=New York|publisher=Welcome Books|year=2003}} * {{cite book|last=Rahula|first=Walpola|title=What the Buddha Taught|url=https://archive.org/details/whatbuddhataught00walp|edition=2nd|year=1974|publisher=Grove Press|location=New York}} * {{cite book|last1=Reps|first1=Paul|first2=Nyogen|last2=Senzaki|authorlink2=Nyogen Senzaki|title=Zen Flesh, Zen Bones: A Collection of Zen and Pre-Zen Writings|location=New York|publisher=Doubleday|year=1957}} * {{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=Richard H.|first2=Willard L.|last2=Johnson|first3=Sandra A.|last3=Wawrytko|first4=Geoffrey|last4=DeGraff|title=The Buddhist Religion: A Historical Introduction|url=https://archive.org/details/buddhistreligion0000robi|year=1996|publisher=Wadsworth Publishing Co.|location=Belmont, CA}} * {{cite book|last=Sathe |first=Shriram|title=Dates of the Buddha|publisher=Bharatiya Itihasa Sankalana Samiti|location=Hyderabad|year=1987}} * {{cite book|last1=Senzaki|first1=Nyogen|authorlink=Nyogen Senzaki|last2=McCandless|first2=Ruth Strout|title=Buddhism and Zen|url=https://archive.org/details/buddhismzen00senz|year=1953|publisher=Philosophical Library|location=New York}} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons}} * [http://www.accesstoinsight.org/ptf/buddha.html A sketch of the Buddha's Life] * [http://www.synaptic.bc.ca/ejournal/buddhist.htm Critical Resources: Buddha and Buddhism] * [http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/buddhism/disciples05.htm What Was The Buddha Like?] {{Wayback|url=http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/buddhism/disciples05.htm |date=20220819191949 }} by Ven S. Dhammika {{DEFAULTSORT:Buddha, Gautama}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 563 KK]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 483 KK]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Nepal]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Uhindi]] [[Jamii:Ubuddha]] albn8hz2k8ly71ck3chq8a7xctmgeh2 1579161 1579147 2026-07-12T04:16:07Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1579161 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Hong Kong Budha.jpg|thumb|311x311px|right|[[Sanamu]] ya Buddha huko [[Hong Kong]] ([[China]]).]] '''Siddhārtha Gautama''' (kwa [[Kisanskrit]]: [[wikt:सिद्धार्थ|सिद्धार्थ]] [[wikt:गौतम|गौतम]]; kwa [[Kipali]]: '''Siddhattha Gotama'''; [[563 KK]] - [[483 KK]]) alikuwa [[mwalimu wa kiroho]] kutoka [[India]]. Kutokana na mafundisho yake, ulianzishwa [[Ubuddha]] ambao unatazamwa kwa kawaida kuwa [[dini]].<ref> {{cite web |last = Boeree |first = George |title=An Introduction to Buddhism |publisher=Shippensburg University |url=http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/buddhaintro.html |accessdate=2011-09-10}}</ref> Katika [[mapokeo]] mengi ya Kibuddha anatazamwa kama [[Buddha]] mkuu (P. ''sammāsambuddha'', S. ''samyaksaṃbuddha'') wa wakati wetu, ambapo "Buddha" maana yake ni "aliyeamshwa" au "aliyeangazwa." <ref>{{cite web |url= http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/contextualize.pl?p.2.soas.1976481 |title= buddha 9276 |accessdate= 22 Februari 2010 |last= Turner |first= Sir Ralph Lilley |authorlink= Ralph Lilley Turner |year= 1962–1985 |work= A comparative dictionary of the Indo-Aryan languages. London: Oxford University Press |publisher= Digital Dictionaries of South Asia, University of Chicago |page= 525 |quote= [[Sister language|Hypothetical root]] ''budh'' "perceive" 1. Pali ''buddha'' – "understood, enlightened", [[Grammatical gender|masculine]] "the ''Buddha''"; Aśokan (the language of the [[Edicts of Ashoka|Inscriptions of Aśoka]]) ''Budhe'' [[Nominative case|nominative]] [[grammatical number|singular]]; [[Prakrit]] ''buddha'' – ‘ known, awakened ’; [[Waigali language|Waigalī]] ''būdāī'', "truth"; [[Kalami language|Bashkarīk]] ''budh'' "he heard"; [[Torwali language|Tōrwālī]] ''būdo'' [[preterite]] of ''bū'', "to see, know" from ''bṓdhati''; [[Phalura language|Phalūṛa]] ''búddo'' preterite of ''buǰǰ '', "to understand" from ''búdhyatē''; [[Shina language|Shina]] Gilgitī dialect ''budo'', "awake"; Gurēsī dialect ''budyōnṷ'' [[Intransitive verb|intransitive]] "to wake"; [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] ''bọ̆du'', "quick of understanding (especially of a child)"; [[Sindhi language|Sindhī]] ''ḇudho'', past [[participle]] ([[Passive voice|passive]]) of ''ḇujhaṇu'', "to understand" from ''búdhyatē'', West [[Pahari languages|Pahāṛī]] ''buddhā'', preterite of ''bujṇā'', "to know"; [[Sinhala language|Sinhalese]] ''buj'' (''j'' written for ''d''), ''budu'', ''bud'', ''but'', "the Buddha". |archiveurl= https://archive.today/20120717085826/http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/contextualize.pl?p.2.soas.1976481 |archivedate= 2012-07-17 |= https://archive.today/20120717085826/http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/contextualize.pl?p.2.soas.1976481 }}</ref> Miaka yake ya kuishi haina hakika: wanahistoria wengi wa mwanzo wa [[karne ya 20]] walitaja miaka [[563 KK]] hadi [[483 KK]] hivi,<ref>L. S. Cousins (1996), "[http://indology.info/papers/cousins The dating of the historical Buddha] {{Wayback|url=http://indology.info/papers/cousins |date=20110226184207 }}: a review article", ''[[Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society]]'' '''(3)6(1)''': 57–63.</ref> lakini maoni ya siku hizi yanataja mwaka wa kufariki kati ya [[486 KK]] na 483 KK au, hata kati ya [[411 KK]] na [[400 KK]].<ref>See the consensus in the essays by leading scholars in ''The Date of the Historical Śākyamuni Buddha'' (2003) Edited by A. K. Narain. B. R. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi. ISBN 81-7646-353-1.</ref><ref> "If, as is now almost universally accepted by informed Indological scholarship, a re-examination of early Buddhist historical material, ..., necessitates a redating of the Buddha's death to between 411 and 400 BCE...." —Paul Dundas, ''The Jains'', 2nd edition, ([[Routledge]], 2001), [http://books.google.com/books?id=5ialKAbIyV4C&pg=PA24 p. 24.] </ref> Kadiri ya [[akiolojia]], Buddha aliweza kuzaliwa huko [[Lumbini]], (leo nchini [[Nepal]])<ref name="UNESCO">{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/666|title=Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha|publisher=UNESCO|accessdate=26 Mei 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/the-astamahapratiharya-buddhist-pilgrimage-sites/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2011-10-29 |archivedate=2012-10-31 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121031180234/http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/the-astamahapratiharya-buddhist-pilgrimage-sites/ }}</ref><ref name="UNESCO"/> au huko [[Kapilavastu]], [[Piprahwa]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]] au tena [[Kapileswara]], [[Orissa]], [[India]].<ref name="V and A">{{cite web|url=http://www.vam.ac.uk/collections/asia/asia_features/buddhism/buddhist_pilgrimage/sites_india/kapilavastu/index.html|title=Kapilavastu|accessdate=1 Machi 2011|archivedate=2011-01-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108040311/http://www.vam.ac.uk/collections/asia/asia_features/buddhism/buddhist_pilgrimage/sites_india/kapilavastu/index.html}}</ref><ref name="hindu1">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl2204/stories/20050225001008800.htm |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2011-10-29 |archivedate=2013-06-03 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603040336/http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl2204/stories/20050225001008800.htm }}</ref><ref name="rediff1">http://www.rediff.com/news/2002/sep/16spec.htm</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.srilankaguardian.org/2008/03/buddha-born-in-orissa-scholars.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2011-10-29 |archive-date=2012-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120518145537/http://www.srilankaguardian.org/2008/03/buddha-born-in-orissa-scholars.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Orissa-gov">http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/Journal/jounalvol1/pdf/orhj-3.pdf</ref> Baadaye alifundisha huko na huko India mashariki, kama vile [[Magadha]] na [[Kosala|Kośala]].<ref>Warder, A.K. ''Indian Buddhism''. 2000. p. 45</ref><ref>Skilton, Andrew. ''A Concise History of Buddhism.'' 2004. p. 41</ref> Gautama, anayejulikana pia kama ''Śākyamuni'' ("Mwenye hekima wa [[Shakya|Śākyas]]"), ni mwalimu mkuu wa Ubuddha, lakini anaheshimiwa pia katika dini ya [[Ubanyani]], katika tapo la [[Kiislamu]] la [[Ahmadiyya]] <ref name="Islam and the Ahmadiyya jamaʻat">[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Q78O1mjX2tMC&pg=PA26&dq=ahmadiyya+buddha&hl=en&ei=wbZHTbfyBcWYhQeO-eS9BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=ahmadiyya%20buddha&f=false Islam and the Ahmadiyya jamaʻat] Retrieved on Februari 2011</ref> na katika [[imani]] ya [[Baha'í]]. == Maisha == === Mtoto wa kifalme === Yeye alizaliwa na kupewa jina la Siddharta kutoka kwenye [[familia]] ya kifalme ya [[ukoo]] wa Shakyamuni yapata miaka 2500 iliyopita huko [[India]] ya kaskazini. [[Mama]] wa Buddha alifariki angali yeye ni mtoto na tena alikuwa na shauku la kuwa mtoto atayemzaa si wa kawaida. Akiwa [[mjamzito]], aliota [[ndoto]] ya [[Tembo]] mweupe aliyehusunika na mtoto atakayejifungua. Jambo hilo lilikuwa [[dalili]] ya kuonyesha kwamba mtoto atakayezaliwa atakuwa mtu mwenye [[bahati]] na tena maalum. Mwona aliyetembelea jumba la kifalme ili kutoa [[utabiri]] wake kuhusu maajaliwa ya mtoto, kwa mujibu wa [[desturi]] na [[mila]] za siku zile, alitabiri kwamba mtoto huyo atakuja kuwa mkubwa na [[mtawala]] mahiri; ama ataiacha [[kasri]] ya [[baba]] yake na kuishi maisha ya kipweke kutafuta shauri kuu kuhusu Maisha na Uhai. Babake Siddharta aliyekuwa mtawala, alishitushwa mno na kauli ya mtoto wake kuja kuwa [[Mmistiya]]. Hivyo alijitahidi kila aliloweza kumficha mtoto kuhusu upande wa maisha wenye sura ya [[tabu]] na ma[[hangaiko]]. Akijaribu kumsogezea na kumpa kila [[fahari]] ya maisha ili asahau sehemu ya [[nafsi]] yake yenye uwezekano wa kumfanya aghairi maisha ya [[anasa]] ili kwenda kuishi kimaskini kama wamistiya wengi wa zama zile walivyokuwa wakifanya, kutoka mijini na kwenda porini kuishi maisha duni na hali ya asili. Alipofikia umri wa kuoa, baba yake alimpa [[mke]] ambaye alimzalia [[mjukuu]] mmoja. Hapo Siddharta alikuwa anatimiza miaka takribani ishirini na tisa. === Safari nne za Siddharta nje ya jumba la kifalme === Wakati ule Siddharta alitoka nje ya jumba la kifalme la babake kwa mara ya kwanza akiongozana na mtumishi wake mmoja mwadilifu. Alishangaa sana alipomwona [[mtu]] aliyetembea kwa [[shida]] tu na [[uso]] ulikuwa na mafinyo tu. Akamwuliza mtumishi wake, "Kwa nini mtu huyu anatembea kwa shida na uso wake unaonyesha mafinyo?" Mtumishi akamjibu, "Huyu ni [[mzee]]. Watu wote watakuwa wazee siku mmoja. Ni hali ya kawaida". Siddharta asiyewahi kumwona mzee kwa sababu babake hakuruhusu wazee katika [[mazingira]] ya mtoto wake akashtuka akauliza: "Je, na mimi nitakuwa mzee na nitaonekana hivyo?". Mtumishi akamjibu, "Ndiyo, na wewe utazeeka kama kila mtu." Wakarudi kwao [[kimya]]. Wakaendelea kutoka nje tena. [[Safari]] ya pili wakamwona [[mgonjwa]], na safari ya tatu wakaona [[maiti]]. Kila safari Siddharta alisikia ya kwamba hata yeye mwenyewe ataona mambo haya maishani mwake. Yote yalimgusa sana akawa na [[wasiwasi]] kwa sababu pande hizo za maisha ziliwahi kufichwa mbele yake. Katika safari ya nne walimwona [[mtawa]] wa [[Uhindu|kihindu]] aliyeketi kando ya [[barabara]]. Siddharta alivutwa sana na [[fikra]] ya kwamba mtu huyu aliachana na [[mali]] na mambo yote kwa [[hiari]] yake na kufikia [[uhuru wa roho]] na hakuogopa tena [[kifo]]. Hapo alikata shauri moyoni mwake kuondoka katika maisha ya kifalme na kutafuta maisha ya watawa. === Maisha ya mtawa === Siddharta aliondoka nje ya jumba la kifalme [[usiku]] mmoja bila ya kumwaga mtu yeyote, akajiunga na kundi la watawa na kufuata maisha yao. Hatimaye, akiwa na wenzake alikutana nao katika [[harakati]] zake kutafuta kilele cha ufahamu, walikwenda kuishi kwenye misitu ya mbali na kudumu katika [[kutafakari]] na Milaya. Miaka sita ilipita, iliyojaa maisha ya kujima na kila namna ya kuusonga [[mwili]] ili kutafuta [[taamuli]]. Hatimaye Siddharta mtawa alidhoofu na mwili wake kukonda kutokana na [[saumu|kufunga]] kwa siku mfululizo. Siku moja akiwa mwenye kukata tamaa, akiwa kando ya [[mto]], alipita [[mwanamke]] aliyebeba [[maziwa]]. Siddharta alimwomba yule mwanamke ampatie maziwa anywe, maana alikuwa mwenye kuhitaji. Basi yule mwanamke akampatia. Baada ya kunywa na kushukuru alijisikia ni mwenye [[utulivu]] akajisemea moyoni kwamba baada ya hapo ataketi chini ya [[mti]] na hatainuka tena mpaka atapotokewa na Taamuli. === Kutaalamiwa chini ya mti === Huo ukawa mwanzo mpya uliofuatiwa na [[baraka]] na [[neema]]. Kwani ni usiku uliofuatia alitokewa na Taamuli na Ufunuo. Katika imani ya Wabuddha akabadilika kuwa "Buddha" katika usiku huu yaani mtu aliyepokea [[ufunuo]] na [[ujuzi]]. Baada ya hapo alikaa na kutafakari mambo yote aliyoyaona na kuaangalia jinsi atakavyoweza kufundisha [[njia]] yenye kuleta [[wongofu]]. Kwani Taamuli yake ilifuatia kutambua Kweli Nne kuhusu maisha. === Kweli Nne za Buddha === [[Kweli]] ya Kwanza ni kuwa Maisha ya duniani ni [[mateso]] kutoka kuzaliwa hadi kufa, hata kifo si mwisho kwani maisha ni mzunguko wa majira ya kufa na kuzaliwa tena na tena. Kweli ya Pili ni kuwa [[asili]] ya masumbuko yote ni [[Ujinga]], yaani kutokujua namna asilia na kanuni ya mambo na hali za maisha na jinsi yanavyosonga. Kweli ya Tatu ni kwamba shida na masumbuko hutokana na kujishikiza kwa mwanadamu na mambo ya dunia hii pasipo uelewa wa lolote linalozidi [[milango ya fahamu]] na budi (Sehemu ya Akili yenye kuendesha fikra kutokana na milango ya fahamu). Kweli ya Nne ni kwamba njia ya wongofu yaani namna ya kutoka katika matatizo haya aliyoiita (Njia ya Nguzo Nane). === Njia ya Nguzo Nane === Ni [[gurudumu]] la nguzo nane ambazo humuongoza mwanadamu kuelekea kwenye Taamuli na hasa kufikia wongofu. Kufikia wongofu ni kuachana na mzunguko wa kufa na kuzaliwa unaosababishwa na matakwa yenye msingi wa Budi inayojengeka na kurudisha hali za kimaisha zenye kufanya mzunguko usiokoma wa masumbuko. Hivyo, njia hii Buddha hii iliyoitwa Dhammapada (Dhamma ni [[uadilifu]] na Pada ni njia) ndio pekee yenye kumkomboa mwanadamu kutoka kwenye taabu na masumbuko ya [[ulimwengu]]. Nayo ina nguzo nane zifuatazo. Moja ni [[Ono]] sahihi. Pili ni [[Dhamira]] sahihi. Tatu ni [[Kauli]] sahihi Nne ni [[Jitihada]] Sahihi. Tano ni [[Tendo]] sahihi. Sita ni [[Isho]] sahihi. Saba ni [[Umakini]] sahihi. Nane ni [[Mkazo nia]] sahihi. === Milaya na Taamuli === Mkazo nia ni [[dhana]] ya kudumu katika kitendo cha [[akili]] yenye kuona pasipo kusogea ama kutangatanga juu ya jambo moja hadi lingine. Na hii ndio [[kigezo]] kikuu cha Siddhaharta Buddha katika kufundisha Milaya yenye kuongoza kwenye Taamuli. Pia tazama [[Vipassana]]. == Tanbihi == {{Reflist}} == Marejeo == * {{cite book|last=Ambedkar|first=B.R.|authorlink=B. R. Ambedkar|title=[[The Buddha and His Dhamma]]|year=1957|location=Bombay|publisher=People's Education Society}} * {{cite book|last=Armstrong|first=Karen|title=Buddha|url=https://archive.org/details/buddha00arms|location=New York|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2001}} * {{cite book|editor-last=Bechert|editor-first=Heinz|year=1996|title=When Did the Buddha Live? The Controversy on the Dating of the Historical Buddha|location=Delhi|publisher=Sri Satguru}} * {{cite book|last=Conze|first=Edward, trans.|title=Buddhist Scriptures|url=https://archive.org/details/buddhistscriptur0000conz|location=London|publisher=Penguin Books|year=1959}} * {{cite book|last=Ñāṇamoli|first=Bhikku|title=The Life of the Buddha According to the Pali Canon|edition=3rd|year=1992|publisher=Buddhist Publication Society|location=Kandy, Sri Lanka}} * {{cite book|last=Ortner|first=Jon|title=Buddha|url=https://archive.org/details/buddha0000ortn|location=New York|publisher=Welcome Books|year=2003}} * {{cite book|last=Rahula|first=Walpola|title=What the Buddha Taught|url=https://archive.org/details/whatbuddhataught00walp|edition=2nd|year=1974|publisher=Grove Press|location=New York}} * {{cite book|last1=Reps|first1=Paul|first2=Nyogen|last2=Senzaki|authorlink2=Nyogen Senzaki|title=Zen Flesh, Zen Bones: A Collection of Zen and Pre-Zen Writings|location=New York|publisher=Doubleday|year=1957}} * {{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=Richard H.|first2=Willard L.|last2=Johnson|first3=Sandra A.|last3=Wawrytko|first4=Geoffrey|last4=DeGraff|title=The Buddhist Religion: A Historical Introduction|url=https://archive.org/details/buddhistreligion0000robi|year=1996|publisher=Wadsworth Publishing Co.|location=Belmont, CA}} * {{cite book|last=Sathe |first=Shriram|title=Dates of the Buddha|publisher=Bharatiya Itihasa Sankalana Samiti|location=Hyderabad|year=1987}} * {{cite book|last1=Senzaki|first1=Nyogen|authorlink=Nyogen Senzaki|last2=McCandless|first2=Ruth Strout|title=Buddhism and Zen|url=https://archive.org/details/buddhismzen00senz|year=1953|publisher=Philosophical Library|location=New York}} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons}} * [http://www.accesstoinsight.org/ptf/buddha.html A sketch of the Buddha's Life] * [http://www.synaptic.bc.ca/ejournal/buddhist.htm Critical Resources: Buddha and Buddhism] * [http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/buddhism/disciples05.htm What Was The Buddha Like?] {{Wayback|url=http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/buddhism/disciples05.htm |date=20220819191949 }} by Ven S. Dhammika {{DEFAULTSORT:Buddha, Gautama}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 563 KK]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 483 KK]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Nepal]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Uhindi]] [[Jamii:Ubuddha]] tceqrzgtkh4zn8k85cr0bphqxvjdvh4 0 77973 1579150 1555471 2026-07-12T00:23:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579150 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Caravaggio - The Cardsharps (1596-97) Kimbell Art Museum.jpg|thumb|280px|[[Caravaggio]], ''[[Wachezakarata]]'', [[mchoro]] wa mwaka [[1594]] hivi.]] '''Kamari''' (kutoka [[Kiarabu]]) ni [[mchezo]] wa [[bahati nasibu]] unaohusisha [[pesa]] au [[kitu]] kingine chenye [[thamani]] kama [[tuzo]] kwa [[mshindi]]. Tuzo hilo la kubahatisha ndio lengo la mchezo. Michezo ya kamari imekuwa [[biashara]] kubwa kimataifa, ikiwa na [[bajeti]] ya [[Dola za Marekani|dola]] [[bilioni]] 335 [[mwaka]] [[2009]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.economist.com/node/16539402 | work=The Economist | title=You bet | date=8 July 2010}}</ref> Umaarufu wa michezo, kama vile soka, na teknolojia mpya vimefanya kamari kuenea duniani kwa kasi kubwa. [[Sheria]] za nchi zinatofautiana kuhusu uhalali wake.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamblingandthelaw.com |title=Gambling and the Law®}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Humphrey |first=Chuck |url=http://www.gambling-law-us.com/ |title=Gambling Law US |publisher=Gambling Law US |date= |accessdate=2012-09-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/ |title=UK Gambling Commission |publisher=Gamblingcommission.gov.uk |date= |accessdate=2012-09-22}}</ref> Hata [[maadili]] ya [[dini]] yanatofautiana. Kwa mfano dini ya [[Uislamu]] inakataza kabisa moja kwa moja uchezaji wa kamari <ref>{{cite book|last=Bose|first=M. L.|title=Social And Cultural History Of Ancient India (revised & Enlarged Edition)|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=t_PpdZosif4C&pg=PA179|year=1998|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|isbn=978-81-7022-598-0|page=179}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.torah.org/features/secondlook/gambling.html |title=Gambling |author=Berel Wein |date= |work= |publisher=torah.org |accessdate=20 July 2010 |archivedate=2010-06-16 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100616112335/http://torah.org/features/secondlook/gambling.html }}</ref><ref name=Kucharek>{{cite book | last = Kucharek | first = Rev. Cass | authorlink = Cass Kucharek | title = To settle your conscience a layman's guide to Catholic moral theology. | url = https://archive.org/details/tosettleyourcons00kuch | publisher = [[Our Sunday Visitor]] | year = 1974 | isbn = 0-87973-877-4}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.palgrave.com/page/detail/blaise-pascal-donald-adamson/?K=9780333550366%7C |title=''Blaise Pascal: Mathematician, Physicist and Thinker about God'', &#91;&#91;Donald Adamson&#93;&#93; (1995) |accessdate=2021-12-30 |archivedate=2015-09-11 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911121039/http://www.palgrave.com/page/detail/blaise-pascal-donald-adamson/?K=9780333550366%7C }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.iagr.org/members/ |title=International Association of Gaming Regulators: Members |accessdate=2015-08-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116151625/http://www.iagr.org/members/ |archivedate=2012-11-16 |=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116151625/http://www.iagr.org/members/ }}</ref> ==Matokeo hasi== [[Tatizo]] mojawapo kubwa ni kwamba wanaoshiriki michezo hiyo wanahitaji au kutamani sana [[utajiri]], hivyo wakishindwa wanaweza kushawishika kucheza tena na tena hadi kufilisika. Baadhi ya wachezaji wa michezo hii hufikia hata kupata matatizo au [[ugonjwa wa akili]]. Kuna [[tiba]] za aina mbalimbali za kuwasaidia watu wanaoshindwa kuwa na uamuzi wa kuacha michezo hii kutokana na [[uraibu]]. Kamari yenye matatizo ina dalili nyingi. Wachezaji kamari mara nyingi hucheza tena ili kujaribu kushinda pesa ambazo wamepoteza, na wengine hucheza kamari ili kupunguza hisia za kukosa msaada na za wasiwasi.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/compulsive-gambling/symptoms-causes/dxc-20258394 |title= Symptoms and causes |publisher=Mayo Clinic}}</ref> Nchini Uingereza, Mamlaka ya Viwango vya Matangazo imekemea kampuni kadhaa za kubashiri kwa matangazo yaliyofichwa kama makala za habari zikidai uongo kwamba mtu fulani alikuwa amelipa madeni na gharama za matibabu kwa kucheza kamari mtandaoni. Kampuni hizo zinakabiliwa na faini zinazowezekana.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/sep/13/betting-firms-ads-asa-ladbrokes-888-skybet-casumo Betting firms could be fined over ads 'targeting vulnerable people'] ''[[The Guardian]]''</ref> Utafiti wa mwaka 2020 katika nchi 32 uligundua kwamba, kadri shughuli za kamari zilivyo nyingi katika nchi fulani, ndivyo bei za soko la hisa la nchi hiyo zinavyokuwa tete zaidi. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist|33em}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons category}} *{{dmoz|Games/Gambling/|Gambling sites}} *[http://gaming.unlv.edu/ Center for Gaming Research] {{Wayback|url=http://gaming.unlv.edu/ |date=20100116101102 }} - at [[University of Nevada, Las Vegas]] *[http://www.unr.edu/gaming/ Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming] at the [[University of Nevada, Reno]] {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Category:Michezo| ]] [[Jamii:Biashara]] [[Jamii:Maadili]] o1o94vfj4e43b3d23qer8tw00qo14wr 0 88590 1579126 1236090 2026-07-11T13:31:14Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579126 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Roshoro''' ni [[chakula]] cha [[jadi]] cha [[kabila]] la [[Wameru (Tanzania)|Wameru]] ambacho kinatokana na mchemsho wa [[ndizi]] za kusaga. Ni miongoni mwa vyakula vinavyohusishwa na maisha ya jamii za maeneo ya [[Mlima Meru]], ambako [[kilimo]] cha ndizi ni sehemu muhimu ya [[utamaduni]] wa chakula. Ndizi huandaliwa (huoshwa, kumenywa na kupikwa). Mara nyingi huweza kuunganishwa na viungo vingine kama [[maharage]], [[nyama]] au [[mchuzi]] kulingana na [[mapishi]] ya [[familia]] au eneo. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:vyakula vya asili Tanzania]] 44c3e63u3j0923wmrf2byfpe0xgh80b 0 93380 1579198 1577089 2026-07-12T10:35:52Z Josefi chipitu 90882 Alama za uandishi na baadhi ya maneno 1579198 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Big_Foot_(6225546731).jpg|thumb|Alama asili katika [[mazingira]] inayodokeza na kuthibitisha uwepo wa [[mtu]] hivi karibuni.]] [[File:Biohazard.svg|thumb|Alama ya [[hatari ya kibiolojia]] haihusiani nayo kabisa.]] '''Alama''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]] "sign"<ref>New Oxford American Dictionary</ref>) ni [[kitu]], [[mchoro]], [[maandishi]], [[kifaa]] ambacho hutambulisha kitu kingine, [[tukio]], sehemu n.k. Baadhi yake ni [[asili]], kwa mfano [[radi]] ya [[umeme]] na [[dalili]] za [[ugonjwa]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti| url = https://www.jstor.org/stable/184308| title = Roderick M. Chisholm "Sextus Empiricus and Modern Empiricism" ''Philosophy of Science'', Jul., 1941, Vol. 8, No. 3 pp. 371-372| jstor = 184308}}</ref> Baadhi zimetungwa na [[binadamu]], kwa mfano, vituo katika maandishi na vitendo vya [[mikono]] wakati wa kuongea.<ref>{{Rejea jarida | last=Woo | first=B. Hoon | title = Augustine's Hermeneutics and Homiletics in ''De doctrina christiana''| journal= Journal of Christian Philosophy | year=2013 | volume=17 | url=https://www.academia.edu/5228314 |pages=103–106}}</ref> [[File:Zodiac German Woodcut.jpg|right|thumb|180px|Ishara za Zodiac za Magharibi]] [[File:DurbanSign1989.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Ishara kwenye pwani huko Durban katika enzi ya ubaguzi wa rangi Afrika Kusini inaonyesha pwani ya ubaguzi wa rangi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti| url = https://www.jstor.org/stable/184308| title = Roderick M. Chisholm "Sextus Empiricus and Modern Empiricism" ''Philosophy of Science'', Jul., 1941, Vol. 8, No. 3 pp. 371-372| jstor = 184308}}</ref> ]] == Marejeo == {{reflist}} ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu}} [[Jamii:Biolojia]] [[Jamii:Lugha]] [[Jamii:Falsafa]] oz83bj6yjzfqu01k00y1qm8aqeff8pt 0 95165 1579104 1553077 2026-07-11T12:14:20Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579104 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mchezo]] wa [[jadi]] wa [[watoto]] wa [[Afrika Mashariki]]. Jinsi unavyochezwa: *Watoto hukaa pamoja, mara nyingi katika [[duara]]. *Mtoto mmoja huigiza kuwa analisha mwenzake au kutumia [[kitu]] cha kufikirika kama [[chakula]]. *Wakati wa mchezo husema: "Kula, mbakishie [[baba]]." *Mtoto anayelishwa hujibu au kuigiza anakula huku akionyesha kwamba anamwachia baba sehemu ya chakula. *Mchezo huendelea kwa zamu kwa watoto wengine. Malengo ya mchezo ni: *Kufundisha watoto umuhimu wa kushirikiana na kuwajali [[wazazi]] na [[familia|wanafamilia]]. *Kukuza [[maadili]] ya kutokula kwa [[ubinafsi]] na kujifunza kugawana na wengine. *Kukuza [[ubunifu]] na [[mawasiliano]] kupitia [[Mwigizaji|mchezo wa kuigiza]]. Ni mmojawapo kati ya michezo ya jadi inayotumika kuwafundisha watoto maadili ya kijamii huku wakiburudika. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] czecyyyiat7gdrg7ce8agq4ex1nzplg 1579200 1579104 2026-07-12T10:42:43Z Josefi chipitu 90882 Alama za uandishi na baadhi ya maneno 1579200 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''Kula mbakishie baba''' ni [[mchezo]] wa [[jadi]] wa [[watoto]] wa [[Afrika Mashariki]]. Jinsi unavyochezwa: *Watoto hukaa pamoja, mara nyingi katika [[duara]]. *Mtoto mmoja huigiza kuwa analisha mwenzake au kutumia [[kitu]] cha kufikirika kama [[chakula]]. *Wakati wa mchezo husema: "Kula, mbakishie [[baba]]." *Mtoto anayelishwa hujibu au kuigiza anakula huku akionyesha kwamba anamwachia baba sehemu ya chakula. *Mchezo huendelea kwa zamu kwa watoto wengine. Malengo ya mchezo ni: *Kufundisha watoto umuhimu wa kushirikiana na kuwajali [[wazazi]] na [[familia|wanafamilia]]. *Kukuza [[maadili]] ya kutokula kwa [[ubinafsi]] na kujifunza kugawana na wengine. *Kukuza [[ubunifu]] na [[mawasiliano]] kupitia [[Mwigizaji|mchezo wa kuigiza]]. Ni mmojawapo kati ya michezo ya jadi inayotumika kuwafundisha watoto maadili ya kijamii huku wakiburudika. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] 4vc36qygd40t9s7pdr65yx04rjm8rdw 0 95166 1579105 1554518 2026-07-11T12:18:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mchezo]] wa [[jadi]] wa [[watoto]] wa maeneo mbalimbali ya [[Tanzania]] na [[Afrika Mashariki]] kwa jumla, ingawa namna unavyochezwa inaweza kutofautiana kati ya [[jamii]]. Kwa kawaida: *Watoto hutumia vipande vidogo vya [[Jiwe|mawe]] ([[kokoto]]) au [[mbegu]]. *[[Mchezaji]] hutupa kokoto moja juu na huku ikiwa [[anga|angani]] hujaribu kuokota kokoto nyingine zilizopo chini, kisha huikamata ile aliyotupa kabla haijaanguka. *Mchezo huendelea kwa hatua mbalimbali, ambapo [[idadi]] ya kokoto zinazookotwa huongezeka. *Mchezaji akishindwa kukamata kokoto au kufanya hatua ipasavyo, zamu huhamia kwa mchezaji mwingine. [[Faida]] za mchezo wa Tikri: *Huongeza umakini na [[kasi]] ya kufikiri. *Hukuza uratibu wa [[Jicho|macho]] na [[Mkono|mikono]]. *Hujenga ustadi wa kutumia [[Kidole|vidole]] na mikono. *Hukuza ushindani wa kirafiki na [[Ustahimilivu|uvumilivu]]. Tikri ni mojawapo ya michezo ya jadi inayowasaidia watoto kujifunza na kuburudika bila kuhitaji [[Kifaa|vifaa]] vya [[gharama]] kubwa. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] bv6lcykdt93n6nuhzuz1ivnan0jdzh4 0 95167 1579107 1560784 2026-07-11T12:22:51Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''Kioo''' ni [[mchezo]] wa [[jadi]] wa [[watoto]] wa [[Afrika Mashariki]] unaohusisha kuiga vitendo vya mwenzako kana kwamba wewe ni taswira yake kwenye [[kioo]]. Jinsi unavyochezwa: *Watoto hugawanyika wawili wawili na kusimama wakitazamana. *Mmoja huwa "kiongozi" na mwingine huwa "kioo". *Kiongozi hufanya vitendo mbalimbali, kama kuinua [[Mkono|mikono]], kuruka, kutabasamu au kupiga makofi. *Aliye "kioo" hujaribu kuiga vitendo hivyo kwa usahihi na haraka, kana kwamba ni mwonekano wa kiongozi kwenye kioo. *Baada ya muda, wanabadilishana nafasi. Lengo la mchezo: *Kukuza umakini na uwezo wa kutazama kwa makini. *Kuboresha uratibu wa [[mwili]] na harakati. *Kukuza ushirikiano na [[mawasiliano]] kati ya watoto. *Kuburudisha huku wakijifunza kuiga na kufuata maelekezo. Ni mchezo rahisi usiohitaji [[Kifaa|vifaa]] maalumu na unaweza kuchezwa [[shule|shuleni]], [[nyumba|nyumbani]] au uwanjani. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] 5kieye8ixr6qtdtaccy5z7c7fa4b6m1 0 95169 1579108 1561568 2026-07-11T12:26:25Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mchezo]] wa [[jadi]] wa [[watoto]] wa [[Afrika Mashariki]] ili kupima usawaziko, umakini na ustadi wa kutembea au kukimbia bila kuangusha [[chupa]]. Jinsi unavyochezwa: *Kila mshiriki huweka chupa (au [[kitu]] kingine chepesi) juu ya [[kichwa]]. *Washiriki husimama kwenye mstari wa kuanzia. *Kwa ishara ya kuanza, hutembea au kukimbia kuelekea mwisho wa njia bila kushika chupa kwa mikono. *Chupa ikianguka, mshiriki huirudisha kichwani na kuendelea, au hufuata [[sheria]] zilizokubaliwa kabla ya mchezo. *Mshindi ni anayefika mwisho wa njia akiwa ameidhibiti vizuri chupa, au anayemaliza kwa muda mfupi zaidi kulingana na kanuni za mchezo. [[Faida]] za mchezo: *Hukuza usawaziko wa [[mwili]]. *Huongeza umakini na uratibu wa viungo. *Hukuza [[nidhamu]], [[Ustahimilivu|uvumilivu]] na ushindani wa kirafiki. *Huchangia katika [[mazoezi ya mwili]] na [[burudani]]. Mchezo huu huchezwa sana [[shule|shuleni]], kwenye mashindano ya michezo ya watoto, na katika shughuli mbalimbali za kijamii. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] mckrhlsytwdymxt6m8p2290cxwktzca 0 95172 1579109 1571680 2026-07-11T12:45:46Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579109 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mchezo]] wa [[jadi]] wa [[watoto]] wa [[Afrika Mashariki]] unaohusisha kuruka juu ya viunzi au vizuizi vilivyowekwa kwa mpangilio bila kuviangusha. Jinsi unavyochezwa: *[[Mchezaji|Wachezaji]] huweka viunzi (kama vijiti, kamba, au vizuizi vingine salama) kwenye uwanja. *Washiriki husimama kwenye mstari wa kuanzia. *Kwa zamu, kila mshiriki hukimbia na kuruka juu ya kila kiunzi hadi afike mwisho wa njia. *Mchezaji akigusa au kuangusha kiunzi, anaweza kurudia au kupewa adhabu kulingana na makubaliano ya mchezo. *Mshindi ni anayemaliza njia kwa usahihi na kwa muda mfupi zaidi. [[Faida]] za mchezo: *Hukuza [[nguvu]] na wepesi wa [[mwili]]. *Huboresha usawaziko na uratibu wa harakati. *Huongeza [[ujasiri]] na kujiamini. *Hukuza ushindani wa kirafiki na ushirikiano kati ya watoto. Ni mchezo unaofaa kwa watoto wa [[umri]] mbalimbali na huchezwa sana [[shule|shuleni]], viwanjani na katika shughuli za kijamii.. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] 348n7a1gwbp6mcmph86dkydrhr0fnpr 0 95174 1579110 1555756 2026-07-11T12:48:33Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mchezo]] asilia wa [[watoto]] wa [[Afrika Mashariki]] unaohusisha kubeba [[kitu]] kidogo juu ya [[kijiko]] huku ukikimbia bila kukiangusha. Jinsi unavyochezwa: *Kila mshiriki hupewa kijiko na kitu kidogo cha kuweka juu yake (mara nyingi [[yai]], [[jiwe]] dogo au [[kokoto]]). *[[Mchezaji]] hushika kijiko kwa [[mkono]] au kukiweka [[Kinywa|mdomoni]] kulingana na kanuni za mchezo. *Washiriki hukimbia kutoka sehemu ya kuanzia hadi mwisho wa njia bila kudondosha kitu kilichopo kwenye kijiko. *Kitu kikianguka, mchezaji hufuata kanuni zilizowekwa (kama kusimama na kukiweka tena au kuanza upya). *Mshindi ni anayefika kwanza akiwa hajadondosha kitu. [[Faida]] za mchezo: *Hukuza umakini na [[uvumilivu]]. *Huboresha usawaziko na uratibu wa macho na mikono. *Hujenga wepesi wa [[mwili]] na [[nidhamu]]. *Hutoa [[burudani]] na kukuza ushindani wa kirafiki. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] rgzto2p04cjqb66k0ax4f526o392t17 0 95176 1579112 1556637 2026-07-11T12:54:43Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mchezo]] wa [[jadi]] wa [[watoto]] wa [[Afrika Mashariki]], hasa baadhi ya maeneo ya [[Tanzania]]. [[Jina]] na [[kanuni]] vinaweza kutofautiana kulingana na eneo au [[kabila]]. Jinsi unavyochezwa: *Watoto huunda [[duara]] (ulingo) na kushirikiana katika mchezo. *[[Mchezaji]] mmoja au zaidi huingia katikati ya duara na kufanya vitendo au harakati kulingana na kanuni za mchezo. *Wengine huzunguka, kuimba au kufuata maelekezo ya mchezo. *Mara nyingi mchezo huhusisha mwendo wa [[mwili]], kuimba na kushirikiana. [[Faida]] za mchezo: *Hukuza ushirikiano na [[Rafiki|urafiki]]. *Hujenga uwezo wa kuwasiliana na kujiamini. *Hukuza [[mazoezi ya mwili]] na [[ubunifu]] wa watoto. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] sltkdldvyhgbeb5hg34fqr84no116ga 0 95177 1579114 1557549 2026-07-11T12:59:46Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579114 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mchezo]] wa [[jadi]] wa [[watoto]] wa [[Afrika Mashariki]]. [[Jina]] na namna ya kucheza vinaweza kutofautiana kulingana na eneo. Jinsi unavyochezwa: *Watoto hushiriki kwa zamu katika mchezo. *[[Mchezaji]] hujaribu kufanya vitendo vilivyokubaliwa (kama kuruka, kukimbia au kushinda hatua fulani ya mchezo) huku wengine wakifuatilia. *Mchezo huendelea kwa kubadilishana nafasi kati ya wachezaji. Faida za mchezo: *Hukuza ustadi wa [[mwili]] kama [[nguvu]], [[kasi]] na usawaziko. *Hujenga ushirikiano na ushindani wa kirafiki. *Husaidia watoto kujifunza kufuata kanuni za mchezo. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] e1j7ilal8a38t1mbaf44cwxr6mtud7w 0 95179 1579103 1558523 2026-07-11T12:08:16Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mchezo]] wa [[jadi]] wa [[watoto]] wa [[Afrika Mashariki]] unaohusisha kufunga kwa [[kitambaa]] [[Jicho|macho]] ya mmojawao akatafute au kuwakamata wachezaji wengine. Mtoto mmoja hufungwa macho kwa kitambaa. Wachezaji wengine husimama au kujificha karibu naye. Yule aliyefungwa macho hutembea akijaribu kuwagusa au kuwakamata wenzake kwa kutegemea kusikia [[sauti]] au kuhisi walipo. Mara nyingi anayekamatwa ndiye hufungwa macho na mchezo huendelea kwa zamu. Mchezo huu husaidia watoto: *kukuza umakini na uwezo wa kusikiliza, *kujifunza kuelekeza mwili bila kutegemea kuona, *kushirikiana na wenzao, na *kuburudika kupitia mchezo wa pamoja. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] 5k0dqovtzmb7a5vei6v5eqs8m949zit 0 95180 1579116 1571809 2026-07-11T13:02:52Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579116 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mchezo]] wa [[jadi]] wa [[watoto]] wa [[Afrika Mashariki]] unaohusisha kuigiza nafasi au [[tabia]] ya [[Binadamu|mtu]], [[mnyama]], au kitu fulani kwa kutumia mawazo bila kutumia [[Kifaa|vifaa]] vingi. Jinsi unavyochezwa: *Watoto huchagua nafasi wanazotaka kuigiza, kwa mfano [[mwalimu]], [[daktari]], [[Wazazi|mzazi]], [[mfanyabiashara]] au [[Askari|mwanajeshi]]. *Kila mtoto huigiza kama mhusika wake kwa kutumia maneno, vitendo na mienendo. *Wengine huangalia au kushiriki kama wahusika wengine katika tukio hilo. *Mchezo huendelea kwa kutengeneza [[hadithi]] au hali fulani ya kuigiza. [[Faida]] za maigizo dhima: *Hukuza [[ubunifu]] na uwezo wa kufikiri. *Hujenga ujasiri wa kuzungumza mbele ya wengine. *Husaidia watoto kujifunza [[Wajibu|majukumu]] ya kijamii. *Huboresha [[mawasiliano]] na ushirikiano. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] ckzrm3ijdnpimqjz42fxecbwt9icriu 0 100580 1579199 1577779 2026-07-12T10:38:56Z Josefi chipitu 90882 Nomino ya mahali 1579199 wikitext text/x-wiki ''Kwa ziwa lingine lenye jina hilo, tazama [[ziwa Mwero]].'' '''Ziwa Mweru''' ni kati ya [[Ziwa|maziwa]] madogo ya [[Tanzania]]. Linapatikana katika [[mkoa wa Mtwara]]. ==Tazama pia== *[[Orodha ya maziwa ya Tanzania]] == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org] {{Maziwa ya Tanzania}} {{mbegu-jio-mtwara}} [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Mtwara]] [[Jamii:Maziwa ya Tanzania]] 3tz81s8ergoohwo8pv47i169lmxppk2 0 114305 1579165 1273751 2026-07-12T05:58:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Politics of the African Union mini|judiciary|width=5em}} [[File:African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights.png|thumb|Nchi wanachama wa African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights.<br>Pinki iliyokolea - nchi zinazokubali mamlaka ya mahakama hiyo <br>Pinki - nchi nyingine zilizosaini hati ya kuunda mahakama hiyo.]] '''Mahakama ya Afrika ya Haki za Binadamu na za Mataifa''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights''') ni [[mahakama]] ya [[Bara|kibara]] iliyoanzishwa na nchi za [[Afrika]] ili kulinda [[haki za binadamu]] na za [[mataifa]] barani humo.<ref>Kate Stone, African Court of Human and People's Rights (Advocates for International Development, February 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235445/http://www.a4id.org/sites/default/files/user/African%20Court%20of%20Human%20and%20People%27s%20Rights.pdf Legal Guide (2012)]</ref> Uamuzi huo ulichukuliwa na [[OAU]] huko [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]], mnamo [[Juni]] [[1998]] ukapata nguvu ya kisheria [[tarehe]] [[25 Januari]] [[2004]] baada ya nchi 15 kuupitisha kwa [[saini]] (kwa sasa zimekuwa 30<ref>Algeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Comoros, Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Lesotho, Mali, Malawi, Mozambique, Mauritania, Mauritius, Nigeria, Niger, Rwanda, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, South Africa, Senegal, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, and Uganda.</ref>). Mahakama inaundwa na [[Hakimu|mahakimu]] 11, wote [[raia]] wa nchi za [[Umoja wa Afrika]]. Wale wa kwanza walianza kazi yao mwaka [[2006]] huko [[Addis Ababa]], [[Ethiopia]] lakini mnamo [[Agosti]] [[2007]] mahakama ilihamia [[Arusha]], [[Tanzania]]. ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== *[http://www.african-court.org Official website of the African Court on Human and People's Rights] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120611083224/http://www.african-court.org/en/index.php/about-the-court/jurisdiction-3/judges Biographies of AfCHPR Judges] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070804181409/http://www.aict-ctia.org/courts_conti/achpr/achpr_home.html African International Courts and Tribunals website] *[http://www.achpr.org/instruments/court-establishment/ Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Establishment of an African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights] {{Wayback|url=http://www.achpr.org/instruments/court-establishment/ |date=20190702063404 }} *[http://www.minorityrights.org/7313/reports/african-court-on-human-and-peoples-rights-ten-years-on-and-still-no-justice.html African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights: Ten years on and still no justice] (2008), London, Minority Rights Group *[http://www.africancourtcoalition.org/ Coalition for an Effective African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights] {{Wayback|url=http://www.africancourtcoalition.org/ |date=20190703135155 }} *[http://www.asil.org/insights/2006/09/insights060919.html The African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights, American Society of International Law, ASIL Insight, September 19, 2006, Volume 10, Issue 24] *[http://legal.un.org/avl/ls/Viljoen_CT.html "The African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights: An Introduction"], a lecture by Mr. Frans Viljoen, Professor of International Human Rights Law at the [[University of Pretoria]], in the [http://legal.un.org/avl/lectureseries.html Lecture Series of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law] {{African Union}} {{mbegu-sheria}} [[Category:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Category:Arusha]] [[Category:Haki za binadamu]] crcw35rwff11peukby1bhtfkdtscrwt 0 120882 1579138 1430977 2026-07-11T14:21:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579138 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kibwagizo''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: ''refrain'') ni [[mstari]] wa mwisho katika [[ubeti|beti]] za [[shairi]] au [[wimbo]] unaojirudiarudia. Katika [[sanaa]] ya [[muziki]] na ushairi, kibwagizo hubeba [[dhana]] kuu, [[ujumbe]] mzito, au vionjo vinavyofanya wimbo ukumbukwe kwa urahisi. Hapa kuna majukumu na sifa kuu za kibwagizo: # Kubeba Ujumbe Mkuu: Mara nyingi jina la wimbo au kiini cha kile kinachozungumzwa hupatikana kwenye kibwagizo. # Kuvutia Msikilizaji: Hii ndiyo sehemu ambayo huwa na melodi au mdundo unaoshika masikio ya watu haraka sana (kiingizio cha wimbo au hook). # Ushiriki wa Hadhira: Katika maonyesho ya jukwaani au nyimbo za asili, kibwagizo ndicho huwawezesha wasikilizaji au waimbaji wasaidizi (waitikaji) kuitikia na kushiriki pamoja na mwimbaji mkuu. # Kiunganishi: Husaidia kuunganisha beti tofauti za wimbo ili kuupa mtiririko mzuri na wa kueleweka. Katika ushairi wa [[Kiswahili]] (hasa mashairi ya kimapokeo), kibwagizo pia hujulikana kama mkaririsho au kizio, ambapo mstari wa mwisho wa ubeti wa kwanza hurudiwa vilevile kwenye beti zinazofuata. {{mbegu-muziki}} [[Jamii:Fasihi]] [[Jamii:Muziki]] bp6lhlc6kcc7mthfjav116g7hp6nqdy 0 126315 1579133 1579055 2026-07-11T13:45:13Z Emmy05 90536 1579133 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha: Kibeho_Forest_at_Nyaruguru_District.jpg|thumb|Msitu wa Kibeho ulioko ndai ya Rwanda]] '''[[Kibeho]]''' ni mji mdogo ulioko katika [[Mkoa]] wa Kusini wa [[Rwanda]]. Eneo hili lilipata umaarufu kimataifa kutokana na taarifa za maono ya [[Bikira Maria]] Mbarikiwa na [[Yesu|Yesu Kristo]] yaliyoripotiwa kutokea kati ya mwaka [[1981]] na [[1989]].Kwa mujibu wa waumini wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]], maono hayo yalivutia mahujaji kutoka sehemu mbalimbali za Rwanda na [[Dunia|duniani]] kote. Kibeho pia inafahamika kwa Mauaji ya Kibeho yaliyotokea mwezi Aprili 1995, ambapo maelfu ya watu waliokuwa wamekimbia makazi yao ndani ya Rwanda waliuawa katika kambi ya [[wakimbizi]] wa ndani. Tukio hilo lilihusisha [[Jeshi]] la Uzalendo la Rwanda (Rwandan Patriotic Army) na limeendelea kuwa mojawapo ya matukio yenye utata katika historia baada ya Mauaji ya Kimbari dhidi ya [[Watutsi]] ya mwaka 1994. == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya miji ya Rwanda]] ==Viungo vya nje== {{commonscat}} {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kusini (Rwanda)]] fg5upvoi5w58iyh9ardjxzqw3bbze14 1579134 1579133 2026-07-11T13:46:18Z Emmy05 90536 1579134 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha: Kibeho_Forest_at_Nyaruguru_District.jpg|thumb|Msitu wa Kibeho ulioko ndani ya Rwanda]] '''[[Kibeho]]''' ni mji mdogo ulioko katika [[Mkoa]] wa Kusini wa [[Rwanda]]. Eneo hili lilipata umaarufu kimataifa kutokana na taarifa za maono ya [[Bikira Maria]] Mbarikiwa na [[Yesu|Yesu Kristo]] yaliyoripotiwa kutokea kati ya mwaka [[1981]] na [[1989]].Kwa mujibu wa waumini wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]], maono hayo yalivutia mahujaji kutoka sehemu mbalimbali za Rwanda na [[Dunia|duniani]] kote. Kibeho pia inafahamika kwa Mauaji ya Kibeho yaliyotokea mwezi Aprili 1995, ambapo maelfu ya watu waliokuwa wamekimbia makazi yao ndani ya Rwanda waliuawa katika kambi ya [[wakimbizi]] wa ndani. Tukio hilo lilihusisha [[Jeshi]] la Uzalendo la Rwanda (Rwandan Patriotic Army) na limeendelea kuwa mojawapo ya matukio yenye utata katika historia baada ya Mauaji ya Kimbari dhidi ya [[Watutsi]] ya mwaka 1994. == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya miji ya Rwanda]] ==Viungo vya nje== {{commonscat}} {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kusini (Rwanda)]] 6nj65puzzyqvu86n5s1ddycjfmbpb5i 1579204 1579134 2026-07-12T10:52:38Z Josefi chipitu 90882 Baadhi ya maneno yameongezwa 1579204 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha: Kibeho_Forest_at_Nyaruguru_District.jpg|thumb|Msitu wa Kibeho ulioko ndani ya Rwanda.]] '''[[Kibeho]]''' ni mji mdogo ulioko katika [[Mkoa]] wa Kusini wa [[Rwanda]]. Eneo hili lilipata umaarufu kimataifa kutokana na taarifa za maono ya [[Bikira Maria]] Mbarikiwa na [[Yesu|Yesu Kristo]] yaliyoripotiwa kutokea kati ya mwaka [[1981]] na [[1989]].Kwa mujibu wa waumini wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]], maono hayo yalivutia mahujaji kutoka sehemu mbalimbali za Rwanda na [[Dunia|duniani]] kote. Kibeho pia inafahamika kwa Mauaji ya Kibeho yaliyotokea mwezi Aprili 1995, ambapo maelfu ya watu waliokuwa wamekimbia makazi yao ndani ya Rwanda waliuawa katika kambi ya [[wakimbizi]] wa ndani. Tukio hilo lilihusisha [[Jeshi]] la Uzalendo la Rwanda (Rwandan Patriotic Army) na limeendelea kuwa mojawapo ya matukio yenye utata katika historia baada ya Mauaji ya Kimbari dhidi ya [[Watutsi]] ya mwaka 1994. == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya miji ya Rwanda]] ==Viungo vya nje== {{commonscat}} {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kusini (Rwanda)]] 77l5ospukq39f3w9szq6xfz1tcd5o95 0 131439 1579102 1135015 2026-07-11T12:03:43Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579102 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kisogo''' (pia: '''kichogo''') ni upande wa nyuma wa [[kichwa]] cha [[Binadamu|mtu]]. [[Duniani]] kuna aina nyingi za visogo kutokana na [[asili]] tofautitofauti za watu. {{mbegu-anatomia}} [[Jamii:Kichwa]] q184478q7j0xsfzl7dxqb2d7m8w1i61 0 143432 1579124 1332249 2026-07-11T13:27:00Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579124 wikitext text/x-wiki '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ilikuwa [[kata]] ya [[Wilaya ya Ikungi]] katika [[Mkoa wa Singida]], [[Tanzania]]. Kwa sasa ni [[kijiji]] cha kata ya [[Mang'onyi]]. Shughuli kuu za wakazi ni pamoja na [[kilimo]] na [[ufugaji]]. Kijiji hicho kimekuwa kikitajwa pia katika shughuli za [[Uchimbaji madini|uchimbaji]] mdogo wa [[madini]] (hasa [[dhahabu]]). Kuna huduma ya [[zahanati]] ya [[umma]] inayojulikana kama Sambaru Dispensary. ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-jio-singida}} [[Jamii:Wilaya ya Ikungi]] 1kfds3sw4wwi5e70nhpq824bqp3n1bg 0 163339 1579111 1513441 2026-07-11T12:54:03Z Emmy05 90536 1579111 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harakati za utetezi wa wanawake''' (pia zinajulikana kama [[harakati]] za [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] au [[utetezi]] wa [[wanawake]], ni mfululizo wa harakati za kijamii na [[kampeni]] za kisiasa na uhuru ili kuleta mabadiliko katika masuala ya wanawake yaliyosababishwa na kutokuwa na usawa kati ya [[wanaume]] na wanawake.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315022079|title=Changing the Wor(l)d|last=Young|first=Stacey|date=2 January 2014|isbn=9781136664076|doi=10.4324/9781315022079}}</ref> Masuala hayo ni kama [[uhuru]] wa wanawake/harakati za uhuru wa wanawake, haki za [[uzazi]], ukatili wa majumbani, likizo ya uzazi, usawa katika malipo, haki ya kupiga [[kura]], udhalilishaji wa kingono na ukatili wa kingono. Harakati hizo zimeendelea kuanzia [[miaka ya 1800]], na zikasambaa kwenye nchi na jamii mbalimbali. Vipaumbele vilikuwa kinyume na [[ukeketaji]] wa wanawake kwenye nchi moja, na pia kutokuwa na usawa kwenye nchi nyingine. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu}} [[Jamii:Wiki in Activism]] [[Jamii:Haki]] [[Jamii:Wanawake]] f5x13fk8ot3kt2uhy5ep60lodw67u59 0 170447 1579117 1282758 2026-07-11T13:04:03Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579117 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Polisi Sports Club''' ni klabu ya [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Zanzibar]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Zanzibar]] [[Jamii:Vilabu vya mpira Tanzania]] qqlswxc07doppn8sdnruvsqcvx92t4b 0 179171 1579168 1575868 2026-07-12T06:41:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579168 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Mapitio ya Ustahimilivu wa Mtandao''' ('''CRR''') <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/c3vp/crr-fact-sheet.pdf|title=Cyber Resilience Review Fact Sheet|publisher=|accessdate=27 February 2015|archive-date=2019-12-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213005702/https://www.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/c3vp/crr-fact-sheet.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> ni mbinu ya tathmini iliyotengenezwa na Idara ya Usalama wa Nchi ya [[Marekani]] (DHS). Ni wa dharura wa uchunguzi wa hiari wa uthabiti wa utendakazi na mbinu za usalama wa mtandao zinazotolewa bila gharama yoyote na DHS kwa waendeshaji wa miundombinu muhimu na serikali za majimbo, za mitaa, kikabila na za kimaeneo. CRR ina mkabala yanayo elekeza na yanayo unaolenga huduma, kumaanisha kwamba mojawapo ya kanuni za msingi za CRR ni kwamba shirika linatumia mali zake (watu, taarifa, teknolojia na nyenzo) ili kusaidia misheni mahususi ya uendeshaji (au huduma). CRR inatolewa katika umbizo la warsha iliyowezeshwa na kama kifurushi cha kujitathmini. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.us-cert.gov/ccubedvp/self-service-crr|title=Cyber Resilience Review (CRR)|publisher=|accessdate=27 February 2015|archivedate=2015-09-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905111147/https://www.us-cert.gov/ccubedvp/self-service-crr}}</ref> Toleo la warsha la CRR linaongozwa na mwezeshaji wa DHS katika kituo muhimu cha miundombinu. Warsha kwa kawaida huchukua saa 6-8 kukamilika na inahusisha sehemu mbalimbali za [[wafanyakazi]] kutoka shirika muhimu la miundombinu. Taarifa zote zinazokusanywa katika CRR iliyowezeshwa zinalindwa dhidi ya kufichuliwa na Sheria ya Taarifa Muhimu ya Taarifa ya Miundombinu ya 2002. Habari hii haiwezi kufichuliwa kupitia ombi la Sheria ya Uhuru wa Habari, kutumika katika kesi za madai, au kutumika kwa madhumuni ya udhibiti. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/PCII-Fact-Sheet-2014-508.pdf|title=PCII Fact Sheet|publisher=|accessdate=27 February 2015}}</ref> Kifurushi cha Kujitathmini cha CRR <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.us-cert.gov/ccubedvp/self-service-crr|title=Cyber Resilience Review (CRR)|publisher=|accessdate=27 February 2015|archivedate=2015-09-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905111147/https://www.us-cert.gov/ccubedvp/self-service-crr}}</ref> huruhusu shirika kufanya tathmini bila hitaji la usaidizi wa moja kwa moja wa DHS. Inapatikana kwa kupakuliwa kutoka kwa tovuti ya Mpango wa Hiari wa Jumuiya ya Mtandao wa Mtandao wa DHS. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.us-cert.gov/ccubedvp/self-service-crr|title=DHS Cyber Community Voluntary Program|publisher=|accessdate=27 February 2015|archivedate=2015-09-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905111147/https://www.us-cert.gov/ccubedvp/self-service-crr}}</ref> Kifurushi hiki kinajumuisha zana ya kiotomatiki ya kunasa majibu ya data na kutoa ripoti, mwongozo wa kuwezesha, ufafanuzi wa kina wa kila swali, na njia panda ya mbinu za CRR kwa vigezo vya Mfumo wa Usalama Mtandaoni wa Taasisi ya Kitaifa ya Viwango na Teknolojia (NIST). <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.nist.gov/cyberframework/|title=NIST Cybersecurity Framework Sheet|date=12 November 2013|publisher=|accessdate=27 February 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/c3vp/csc-crr-nist-framework-crosswalk.pdf|title=Cyber Resilience Review-NIST Cybersecurity Framework Crosswalk|publisher=|accessdate=27 February 2015|archive-date=2019-12-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213005704/https://www.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/c3vp/csc-crr-nist-framework-crosswalk.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Maswali yaliyoulizwa katika CRR na ripoti inayotokana ni sawa katika matoleo yote mawili ya tathmini. DHS ilishirikiana na Kitengo cha CERT cha Taasisi ya Uhandisi wa Programu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Carnegie Mellon kubuni na kupeleka CRR. Malengo na mazoezi yanayopatikana katika tathmini yametokana na Mfumo wa Usimamizi wa Ustahimilivu wa CERT (CERT-RMM) Toleo la 1.0. <ref>Caralli, R., Allen, J.,& White, D. (2010) {{Rejea tovuti|url=http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?assetid=9479|title=''CERT Resilience Management Model Version 1''|publisher=Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University}}</ref> CRR ilianzishwa mwaka wa 2009 na ikapokea marekebisho makubwa mwaka wa 2014. <ref>Mehravari, N.(2014) {{Rejea tovuti|url=http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/asset_files/article/2013_101_001_294143.pdf|title=''Resilience Management Through the Use of CERT-RMM and Associated Success Stories''|publisher=Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University}}</ref> == Usanifu == CRR inajumuisha malengo 42 na desturi 141 maalum zilizotolewa kutoka CERT-RMM na kupangwa kutokana na mfumo katika vikoa 10): <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/c3vp/csc-crr-method-description-and-user-guide.pdf|title=Cyber Resilience Method Description and User Guide|publisher=|accessdate=28 February 2015|archive-date=2019-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418012615/https://www.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/c3vp/csc-crr-method-description-and-user-guide.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> # Usimamizi wa Mali # Usimamizi wa Vidhibiti # Usimamizi wa Usanidi na Mabadiliko # Usimamizi wa Athari # Usimamizi wa matukio # Usimamizi wa Muendelezo wa Huduma # Usimamizi wa Hatari # Usimamizi wa Utegemezi wa Nje # Mafunzo na Ufahamu # Ufahamu wa Hali Kila kikoa ambacho kinajumuisha taarifa ya madhumuni, seti ya malengo mahususi na maswali ya mazoezi yanayohusiana ya kipekee kwa kikoa, na seti ya kawaida ya maswali ya Kiwango cha Viashiria vya Ukomavu (MIL). Maswali ya MIL yanachunguza kuanzishwa kwa mazoea ndani ya shirika. Utendaji wa shirika unalingana na mizani ya MIL. <ref>Butkovic, M.,& Caralli, R. (2013) {{Rejea tovuti|url=http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?assetid=9479|title=''Advancing Cybersecurity Capability Measurement Using the CERT-RMM Maturity Indicator Level Scale''|publisher=Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University}}</ref> Kipimo hiki kinaonyesha uwezo uliogawanywa katika viwango vitano: MIL1-Haijakamilika, MIL2-Iliyotekelezwa, MIL3-Inadhibitiwa, MIL4-Iliyopimwa na MIL5-Iliyofafanuliwa. Kuanzishwa kwa taasisi kunamaanisha kwamba mazoea ya usalama wa mtandao yanakuwa sehemu ya ndani zaidi, ya kudumu zaidi ya shirika kwa sababu yanasimamiwa na kuungwa mkono kwa njia za maana. Wakati mazoea ya kiusalama wa mtandao yanapokuwa ya kitaasisi zaidi—au “kupachikwa”—wasimamizi wanaweza kuwa na [[imani]] zaidi katika kutabirika na kutegemewa kwa mazoea. Mazoea pia huwa na uwezekano mkubwa wa kudumishwa wakati wa usumbufu au mafadhaiko kwa shirika. Ukomavu pia unaweza kusababisha upatanishi mkali kati ya shughuli za usalama wa mtandao na viendeshaji biashara vya shirika. Kwa mfano, katika mashirika yaliyokomaa zaidi, wasimamizi watatoa uangalizi kwa kikoa fulani na kutathmini ufanisi wa shughuli za usalama ambazo kikoa kinajumuisha. Idadi ya malengo na maswali ya mazoezi hutofautiana kulingana na kikoa, lakini seti ya maswali ya MIL na dhana zinazojumuisha ni sawa kwa vikoa vyote. Maswali yote ya CRR yana majibu matatu yanayowezekana: "Ndiyo," "Hapana," na "Haijakamilika. CRR hupima utendaji wa shirika katika viwango vya mazoezi, lengo, kikoa na MIL. Alama hukokotolewa kwa kila kipengele cha muundo mahususi na kwa jumla iliyojumlishwa. Rubriki ya alama huanzisha yafuatayo: # Mazoezi yanaweza kuzingatiwa katika mojawapo ya majimbo matatu: kufanywa, kutokamilika, na kutofanyika. # Lengo la kikoa linafikiwa tu ikiwa mazoea yote yanayohusiana na lengo yamefikiwa. # Kikoa kinafikiwa kikamilifu ikiwa tu malengo yote katika kikoa yamefikiwa. Ikiwa masharti yaliyo hapo juu yatatimizwa, shirika linasemekana kufikia kikoa ambacho kinatokana katika hali ya utendaji: mazoea ambayo yanafafanua kikoa yanaweza kuonekana, lakini hakuna uamuzi unaoweza kufanywa kuhusu kiwango cha mazoea haya. # inaweza kurudiwa chini ya hali tofauti # inatumika mara kwa mara # kuweza kutoa matokeo yanayotabirika na yanayokubalika # kuhifadhiwa wakati wa dhiki na taaluma Masharti haya hujaribiwa kwa kutumia seti ya kawaida ya maswali ya MIL 13 kwenye kikoa, lakini tu baada ya MIL1 kupatikana. Sambamba na usanifu wa kiwango cha MIL, MIL ni limbikizi; ili kufikia MIL katika kikoa mahususi na wahalifu, ni lazima shirika litekeleze mazoea yote katika kiwango hicho na katika MIL zilizotangulia. Kwa mfano, ni lazima shirika litekeleze mazoea yote ya kikoa katika MIL1 na MIL2 ili kufikia MIL2 katika kikoa. [[Faili:DHS_CRR_logo_PRINT.jpg|thumb| Nembo ya Ukaguzi wa Ustahimilivu wa Mtandao wa Idara ya Usalama wa Nchi ya Marekani]] [[Faili:CRR_Self-Assessment_User_Guide.jpg|thumb| Maelezo ya Mbinu ya Ustahimilivu wa Mtandao wa DHS na Mwongozo wa Mtumiaji wa Kujitathmini]] == Matokeo == Washiriki wa CRR hupokea ripoti ya kina iliyo na matokeo kwa kila swali katika vikoa vyote. Ripoti hiyo pia hutoa muhtasari wa picha wa utendaji wa shirika katika viwango vya lengo na kikoa, vinavyoonyeshwa katika matrix ya ramani-joto. Uwakilishi huu wa kina huruhusu mashirika kulenga uboreshaji katika kiwango bora. Mashirika yanayoshiriki katika CRR zilizowezeshwa hupokea seti ya ziada ya grafu inayoonyesha utendaji wa shirika lao ikilinganishwa na washiriki wengine wote wa awali. Ripoti ya CRR inayojumuisha na kuelezea matukio inajumuisha njia inayowezekana ya kuboresha utendaji wa kila mazoezi. Chaguo hizi za kuzingatiwa kimsingi zimetolewa kutoka kwa CERT-RMM na machapisho maalum ya NIST. Mashirika yanaweza pia kutumia matokeo ya CRR kupima utendaji wao kulingana na vigezo vya Mfumo wa Usalama wa Mtandao wa NIST. [https://brewandgrind.com/ Brew] {{Wayback|url=https://brewandgrind.com/ |date=20240618172327 }} Kipengele hiki cha uwiano kilianzishwa Februari 2014. <ref>Strassman, P. 2014 September 8{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://pstrassmann.blogspot.com/2014/09/cyber-resilience-review-crr.html|title=''Cyber Resilience Review''|publisher=Strassmann's Blog}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.us-cert.gov/ccubedvp/self-service-crr/ Mapitio ya Ustahimilivu wa Mtandao wa DHS] {{Wayback|url=https://www.us-cert.gov/ccubedvp/self-service-crr/ |date=20150905111147 }} * [http://www.cert.org/resilience/products-services/cert-rmm/index.cfm Mfano wa Usimamizi wa Ustahimilivu wa CERT] * [https://www.stratifyit.tech/Understanding-HIPAA-Compliance HIPAA Compliance] * [https://www.stratifyit.tech/cmmc-certification CMMC Certification] {{Mbegu-Mtandao wa Kijamii}} [[Jamii:Miundombinu]] nrxzja30ouw40fcc1zdh8l8j4z196p1 0 184773 1579173 1520311 2026-07-12T08:40:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579173 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Melanie Stabel''' (amezaliwa [[30 Septemba]] [[1999]]) ni mwanamichezo kiziwi mpiga risasi wa [[Ujerumani]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.deaflympics.com/athletes/melanie-stabel|title=Melanie Stabel {{!}} Deaflympics|website=www.deaflympics.com|language=en|access-date=2017-12-03}}</ref>. Aliiwakilisha vema Ujerumani kwenye mashindano ya msimu wa joto ya Kiolimpiki ya Viziwi kwa kuchukua medali tatu za dhahabu kwa upande wa wanawake kwa kurusha bunduki ya hewa kwa umbali wa mita 10 na kupata point 412.6 kwenye fainali<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.deaflympics.com/athletes/melanie-stabel|title=Women's 10m air rifle {{!}} 2017 Summer Deaflympics|website=www.deaflympics.com|language=en|access-date=2017-12-03}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.sportschiessen-melanie-stabel-gleich-zweimal-mit-edelmetall-belohnt.1638204d-cf49-4e1e-b294-e6927f50107e.html|title=Sportschiessen: Melanie Stabel gleich zweimal mit Edelmetall belohnt - Sportschießen - Schwarzwälder Bote|last=Germany|first=Schwarzwälder Bote, Oberndorf|website=www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de|language=de|access-date=2017-12-03|archive-date=2017-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203224431/https://www.schwarzwaelder-bote.de/inhalt.sportschiessen-melanie-stabel-gleich-zweimal-mit-edelmetall-belohnt.1638204d-cf49-4e1e-b294-e6927f50107e.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.bg-sv.de/index.php/95-uncategorised/955-melanie-stabel-eine-junge-erfolgreiche-sportschuetzin|title=Melanie Stabel – eine junge erfolgreiche Sportschützin!|last=Administrator|website=www.bg-sv.de|language=en-gb|access-date=2017-12-03|archive-date=2017-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204114524/http://www.bg-sv.de/index.php/95-uncategorised/955-melanie-stabel-eine-junge-erfolgreiche-sportschuetzin|url-status=dead}}</ref>. Melanie alivunja rekodi ya viziwi duniani kwa kupiga risasi hewani umbali wa mita 10 katika mashindano ya majira ya joto ya kiolompiki ya viziwi, na akiwa na umri wa miaka 17 kwenye mchezo wa kimataifa kwa ushiriki wake wa mara ya kwanza<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ciss.org/athletes.asp?record/world/sh/w/47/|title=10m air rifle for women {{!}} ICSD Deaf world records|website=www.ciss.org|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-03|archive-date=2017-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203224553/https://www.ciss.org/athletes.asp?record/world/sh/w/47/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.augsburger-allgemeine.de/augsburg/sport/Sie-kann-die-Schuesse-nicht-hoeren-id42100081.html|title=Sie kann die Schüsse nicht hören|last=Allgemeine|first=Augsburger|work=Augsburger Allgemeine|access-date=2017-12-03|language=de}}</ref>Alipata pia medali mbili za fedha katika mashindano ya wanawake ya bunduki ya hewa ya 50m na bunduki ya 50m ya kulala. Melanie pia alivunja rekodi ya dunia ya viziwi kwa wanawake katika kitengo cha bunduki ya 50m ya kulala kwa alama ya rekodi ya 615.3 wakati wa kufuzu kama sehemu ya Majira ya Joto ya 2017. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ciss.org/athletes.asp?record/world/sh/w/1191/|title=50m rifle prone for women {{!}} ICSD Deaf world records|website=www.ciss.org|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-03|archive-date=2017-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203224603/https://www.ciss.org/athletes.asp?record/world/sh/w/1191/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://deaflympics2017.org/en/rekorlarin-sehri-samsun-detail/284|title=Deaflympics 2017 Samsun|website=deaflympics2017.org|language=tr|access-date=2017-12-03|archive-date=2017-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201081532/http://deaflympics2017.org/en/rekorlarin-sehri-samsun-detail/284|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.dsb.de/aktuelles/meldung/6898-Melanie-Stabel-gleich-zweimal-geehrt/|title=Melanie Stabel gleich zweimal geehrt - Deutscher Schützenbund e.V.|website=www.dsb.de|access-date=2017-12-03}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} ==Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.ciss.org/athletes.asp?36834 Profile at ICSD] {{Wayback|url=https://www.ciss.org/athletes.asp?36834 |date=20171203224555 }} * [https://www.deaflympics.com/athletes.asp?36834 Profile at Deaflympics] {{Wayback|url=https://www.deaflympics.com/athletes.asp?36834 |date=20171204222824 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Stabel, Melanie}} {{BD|1999|}} [[Jamii:wanamichezo wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Wiki4Inclusion Campaign in Tanzania]] 8on0md39z4txfzc0ailhxti45jx9nqw 0 188265 1579155 1471618 2026-07-12T02:56:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579155 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Koitatoi Kidali''' (alizaliwa [[12 Februari]] [[2003]]) ni mkimbiaji wa mbio za kati nchini [[Kenya]].<ref>{{cite web|title= Koitatoi Kidali |website=World Athletics |accessdate=16 June 2024|url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/kenya/koitatoi-kidali-15042055}}</ref> Alikimbia mbio za kibinafsi za 1:42.66 kwa mita 800 katika majaribio ya Olimpiki ya Kenya jijini [[Nairobi]] mnamo [[Juni]] [[2024]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://athleticsweekly.com/athletics-news/emmanuel-wanyonyi-runs-141-70-at-kenyan-olympic-trials-1039988692/|website=Athletics Weekly|accessdate=16 June 2024|title= Emmanuel Wanyonyi runs 1:41.70 at Kenyan Olympic trials|first=Jason|last=Henderson |date= June 16, 2024}}</ref> Baadaye aliteuliwa katika timu ya Kenya kwa ajili ya Olimpiki ya [[Paris]] ya 2024. [3] Wakati huu pia ulimfanya kuwa mkimbiaji wa 24 wa kasi wa mita 800 wakati wote.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tnx.africa/thenairobian/athletics/2001497290/faith-leads-chase-for-glory-as-olympics-squad-is-unveiled|website=tnx.africa|accessdate=16 June 2024|title=Faith leads chase for glory as Olympics squad is unveiled|first=Dennis|last=Okeyo|date=June 16, 2024|archive-date=2025-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251204165205/https://www.tnx.africa/thenairobian/athletics/2001497290/faith-leads-chase-for-glory-as-olympics-squad-is-unveiled|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanariadha wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2003]] qono53yzxvisy10v6wpowoch9hyywa5 0 195674 1579201 1579056 2026-07-12T10:46:12Z Josefi chipitu 90882 Nimeongeza baadhi ya maneno 1579201 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Rosetta Stone.JPG|thumb|340px]] '''Jiwe la Rosetta''' ni [[jiwe]] la granodiorite lililoandikwa matoleo matatu ya amri iliyotolewa mwaka wa [[196 KK]] wakati wa [[nasaba ya Waptolemaio]] ya [[Misri]], kwa niaba ya [[farao]] [[Ptolemaio V Epifane]]. Maandishi ya juu na ya kati yapo katika [[Kimisri|Kimisri cha Kale]] kwa kutumia [[mwandiko]] wa [[hiroglifi]] na Demotic, mtawalia, huku ya chini ni katika [[Kiyunani|Kigiriki cha Kale]]. Amri ina tofauti ndogo tu katika matoleo matatu, na kufanya Rosetta Stone kuwa ufunguo wa kufafanua maandishi ya Kimisri. Jiwe hilo lilichongwa wakati wa Ugiriki na inaaminika kuwa hapo awali lilionyeshwa ndani ya hekalu, labda huko Sais. Pengine ilihamishwa mwishoni mwa zamani au wakati wa kipindi cha Mamluk, na hatimaye ilitumiwa kama nyenzo ya ujenzi katika ujenzi wa Fort Julien karibu na mji wa Rashid (Rosetta) katika Delta ya Nile. Ilipatikana huko mnamo Julai 1799 na afisa wa [[Ufaransa]] Pierre-François Bouchard wakati wa kampeni ya [[Napoleon Bonaparte|Napoleon]] huko Misri. Ilikuwa ni maandishi ya kwanza ya lugha mbili ya [[Misri ya Kale]] kupatikana katika nyakati za kisasa, na iliamsha shauku ya watu wengi na uwezo wayo wa kufafanua mwandiko huu wa hiroglifi ambao haukutafsiriwa hapo awali. Nakala za lithographic na plaster casts hivi karibuni zilianza kuzunguka kati ya makumbusho na wasomi wa Uropa. Wakati Waingereza walipowashinda Wafaransa, walichukua jiwe hilo hadi London chini ya masharti ya Utekaji nyara wa [[Aleksandria]] mnamo [[1801]]. Tangu 1802, limekuwa likionyeshwa hadharani kwenye Jumba la Makumbusho la Uingereza karibu kila wakati na ndio kitu kilichotembelewa zaidi huko. {{Mbegu-historia}} [[Jamii:Misri ya Kale| ]] 1vt705gepanclizohq607gew8k4e24z 0 197587 1579162 1386174 2026-07-12T04:38:28Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579162 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lisa Hartt''' ni [[mwimbaji]] kutoka [[Kanada]] na mgombea wa tuzo ya Juno Award. Alikuwa kiongozi wa kundi la ''The Lisa Hartt Band'' katika miaka ya 1970.<ref name="vancouversignaturesounds_1121">Vancouver Pop Music Signature Sounds - [https://vancouversignaturesounds.com/hits/artists/lisa-hartt-band/ #1121: OLD TIME MOVIE BY LISA HARTT BAND]</ref><ref>Bramptonguardian.com, Monday, January 23, 2017 - [https://www.bramptonguardian.com/whatson-story/7081510-two-hearts-valentine-s-day-celebration/ Two Hearts Valentine’s Day Celebration By Marta Marychuk] {{Wayback|url=https://www.bramptonguardian.com/whatson-story/7081510-two-hearts-valentine-s-day-celebration/ |date=20221221091538 }}</ref><ref>[[Blog Talk Radio]] - [https://www.blogtalkradio.com/bonnieross/2011/06/09/songmaking-writing-the-true-sound-of-your-soul-lisa-hart Songmaking-Writing the True Sound of Your Soul-Lisa Hartt by Bonnie Ross]</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Kanada]] bhzt82y7fn4azlvq8rgsd66injk58vh 0 201374 1579113 1483703 2026-07-11T12:58:43Z Emmy05 90536 /* Maisha ya awali */ 1579113 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Chifu]] '''Constance Afiong''' "'''Afi'''" '''Ekong,''' ([[26 Juni]] [[1930]] – [[24 Februari]] [[2009]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] wa [[Nigeria]] na mkuzaji wa sanaa. == Maisha ya awali == Afi Ekong alizaliwa na wazazi wa Efik na Ibibio huko Calabar, Nigeria, kama mmoja wa familia ya kifalme ya Edidem Bassey Eyo Epharaim Adam III. Alisoma Shule ya Duke Town na Shule ya Kanisa ya Kristu huko Calabar.<ref name="Amazon">Ngozi Akande, [http://allafrica.com/stories/200903300883.html "Nigeria: Afi Ekong, the Amazon of Local Arts, Takes a Bow"] ''Vanguard'' (29 March 2009).</ref> Alipata mafunzo ya mchoraji na alisomea ubunifu wa mitindo nchini [[Uingereza]], katika Chuo cha Sanaa na [[Teknolojia]] cha Oxford, Shule ya Sanaa ya Saint Martin na Shule Kuu ya Sanaa na Ubunifu.<ref name=":0">Bernice M. Kelly and Janet L. Stanley, eds, [https://archive.org/stream/nigerianartistsw00kell/nigerianartistsw00kell_djvu.txt ''Nigerian Artists: A Who's Who and Bibliography''] (Hans Zell Publishers, 1993): 186–188. {{ISBN|0905450825}}.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake Katika Sanaa]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] 3mtl5ncfs731y32nrn7ohq5j7etxt0v 1579121 1579113 2026-07-11T13:16:05Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579121 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Chifu]] '''Constance Afiong "Afi" Ekong,''' ([[26 Juni]] [[1930]] – [[24 Februari]] [[2009]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] na mkuzaji wa sanaa wa [[Nigeria]]. == Maisha ya awali == Afi Ekong alizaliwa na wazazi wa Efik na Ibibio huko Calabar, Nigeria, kama mmoja wa familia ya kifalme ya Edidem Bassey Eyo Epharaim Adam III. Alisoma Shule ya Duke Town na Shule ya Kanisa ya Kristu huko Calabar.<ref name="Amazon">Ngozi Akande, [http://allafrica.com/stories/200903300883.html "Nigeria: Afi Ekong, the Amazon of Local Arts, Takes a Bow"] ''Vanguard'' (29 March 2009).</ref> Alipata mafunzo ya mchoraji na alisomea ubunifu wa mitindo nchini [[Uingereza]], katika Chuo cha Sanaa na [[Teknolojia]] cha Oxford, Shule ya Sanaa ya Saint Martin na Shule Kuu ya Sanaa na Ubunifu.<ref name=":0">Bernice M. Kelly and Janet L. Stanley, eds, [https://archive.org/stream/nigerianartistsw00kell/nigerianartistsw00kell_djvu.txt ''Nigerian Artists: A Who's Who and Bibliography''] (Hans Zell Publishers, 1993): 186–188. {{ISBN|0905450825}}.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1930|2009}} [[Jamii:Wanawake Katika Sanaa]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] nm2jhum5v18ogxtgpkpv0gugmtpf0ua 1579123 1579121 2026-07-11T13:18:34Z Emmy05 90536 1579123 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Chifu]] '''Constance Afiong "Afi" Ekong,''' ([[26 Juni]] [[1930]] – [[24 Februari]] [[2009]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] na mkuzaji wa sanaa wa [[Nigeria]]. == Maisha ya awali == Afi Ekong alizaliwa na wazazi wa Efik na Ibibio huko Calabar, Nigeria, kama mmoja wa familia ya kifalme ya Edidem Bassey Eyo Epharaim Adam III. Alisoma Shule ya Duke Town na Shule ya Kanisa ya Kristu huko Calabar.<ref name="Amazon">Ngozi Akande, [http://allafrica.com/stories/200903300883.html "Nigeria: Afi Ekong, the Amazon of Local Arts, Takes a Bow"] ''Vanguard'' (29 March 2009).</ref> Alipata mafunzo ya mchoraji na alisomea ubunifu wa mitindo nchini [[Uingereza]], katika Chuo cha Sanaa na [[Teknolojia]] cha Oxford, Shule ya Sanaa ya Saint Martin na Shule Kuu ya Sanaa na Ubunifu.<ref name=":0">Bernice M. Kelly and Janet L. Stanley, eds, [https://archive.org/stream/nigerianartistsw00kell/nigerianartistsw00kell_djvu.txt ''Nigerian Artists: A Who's Who and Bibliography''] (Hans Zell Publishers, 1993): 186–188. {{ISBN|0905450825}}.</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Mnamo mwaka [[1949]], Afi Ekong aliolewa na Mwanamfalme Abdul Azizi Attah, mtoto wa Atta wa Igbirra, ambaye alikuwa afisa wa serikali. Alifariki dunia mwaka 2009 mjini Calabar akiwa na umri wa miaka 78<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ojPJBwAAQBAJ&dq=Afi+Ekong&pg=PT321|title=Postcolonial Modernism: Art and Decolonization in Twentieth-Century Nigeria|last=Okeke-Agulu|first=Chika|date=2015-04-06|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-0-8223-7630-9|language=en}}</ref>. == Marejeo == <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1930|2009}} [[Jamii:Wanawake Katika Sanaa]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] 0xtkgcm6jicvp0am5t1iby425uawzgo 0 202673 1579167 1403896 2026-07-12T06:19:24Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579167 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aesu Malayappan Chinnappa''', au A. M. Chinnappa, ni [[Askofu mkuu|Askofu Mkuu]] Mstaafu wa Madras-Mylapore na Mwanzilishi wa Shirika la Utawala wa Mungu (kwa sasa ni Umoja wa Umma). Awali alihudumu kama Askofu wa Vellore.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://vellorediocese.org/history/history-fifth-bishop |title=Bishop A. M. Chinnappa SDB - Fifth Bishop of Vellore |accessdate=2025-02-22 |archive-date=2025-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250316124358/https://www.vellorediocese.org/history/history-fifth-bishop |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Uhindi]] fyvqgvss3ffqvuqls11t2ys7is1h4pv 1579205 1579167 2026-07-12T11:00:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1579205 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aesu Malayappan Chinnappa''', au A. M. Chinnappa, ni [[Askofu mkuu|Askofu Mkuu]] Mstaafu wa Madras-Mylapore na Mwanzilishi wa Shirika la Utawala wa Mungu (kwa sasa ni Umoja wa Umma). Awali alihudumu kama Askofu wa Vellore.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://vellorediocese.org/history/history-fifth-bishop |title=Bishop A. M. Chinnappa SDB - Fifth Bishop of Vellore |accessdate=2025-02-22 |archive-date=2025-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250316124358/https://www.vellorediocese.org/history/history-fifth-bishop |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Uhindi]] 0vytqlb0y4he9xvltrmj8v8pcfz67b3 0 203269 1579151 1408056 2026-07-12T00:34:50Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579151 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karli Whetstone''', aliyezaliwa [[Ohio]], [[Marekani]] ni mtunzi wa [[nyimbo]] na [[mwimbaji]] wa [[muziki wa country]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Karli.com {{!}} Music|url=http://www.karli.com/music/|accessdate=2012-10-25|archive-date=2012-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120828080649/http://www.karli.com/music/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=WSMV.com NBC 4|url=http://www.wsmv.com/story/17166882/karli-whetstones-leprechaun-surprise-cake-31512|accessdate=October 25, 2012|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222853/http://www.wsmv.com/story/17166882/karli-whetstones-leprechaun-surprise-cake-31512|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=CountryWeekly.com|url=http://www.countryweekly.com/music/karli-whetstone-premieres-frozen-video|accessdate=March 16, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=iTunes|website=[[iTunes]] |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/country-enough-ep/id1079719934|accessdate=March 16, 2016}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Marekani]] 0miny1e8te1sju4e8j7zts1mayb2na1 0 204516 1579144 1518482 2026-07-11T18:31:12Z Abdoul Hakorinoti 90863 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 1579144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Lucy Thoumaian''' (1890 – 1940) alikuwa [[mwanaharakati]] wa haki za [[wanawake]] na amani kutoka [[Armenia]]. Baada ya kufukuzwa Armenia, alisaidia kuanzisha shule huko Chigwell kwa [[Mtoto|watoto]] [[yatima]] wa Kiarmenia. Mnamo mwaka 1915, alichapisha manifesto ya amani kabla ya kuhudhuria kongamano la Wanawake katika Hague. Baada ya kongamano hilo, Thoumaian alianza kufanya kazi kwa Shirikisho la Mataifa, akichangia juhudi za kimataifa za amani na haki za wanawake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/essex/vol4/pp38-41#fnn96|title=Chigwell: Schools {{!}} British History Online|website=www.british-history.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2 November 2017}}</ref>.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://wilpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Lucy-Engl.pdf|title=1. Lucy Thoumaian 1890 – 1940|website=WILPF - Women's International League for Peace and Freedom|access-date=24 November 2017|archive-date=2019-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405233511/https://wilpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Lucy-Engl.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha == Lucy Thoumaian alizaliwa nchini Uswisi kwa jina la Rossier de Visme. Yeye na [[mume]] wake, Mhadhiri Mchungaji Garabed Thoumanian, walifukuzwa kutoka Armenia na kuwa wakimbizi huko Uingereza. Huko, walianzisha yatima na shule katika Oakhurst, Chigwell kwa ajili ya Waarmenia mnamo mwaka 1906.<ref name="MoynaghForestell2012">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r5_47lZOMHQC&pg=PT397|title=Documenting First Wave Feminisms: Volume 1: Transnational Collaborations and Crosscurrents|author1=Maureen Moynagh|author2=Nancy Forestell|date=14 January 2012|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-1-4426-6410-4|pages=397–}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1911, alihudhuria Kongamano la Kwanza la Mashindano ya Kimataifa ya Mbio nchini London, ambalo lilikuwa ni juhudi za mapema za kupinga ubaguzi wa rangi. Ingawa alikuwa mkimbizi kutoka Dola la Ottoman, alikubali wajumbe wa Kituruki kama ishara ya haja ya kushirikiana.<ref name="Liddington1989">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1VWEjQu6rv8C&pg=PA91|title=The Road to Greenham Common: Feminism and Anti-militarism in Britain Since 1820|author=Jill Liddington|publisher=Syracuse University Press|year=1989|isbn=978-0-8156-2539-1|pages=91–}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1914, alichapisha manifesto ya amani iliyo na kauli mbiu ya "Vita ni vya kibinadamu, lazima vivunjwe na wanawake." Alipendekeza kwamba wanawake wafanye mikutano kila wiki hadi mgogoro ulioanzisha vita utatuliwe. Mnamo mwaka 1915, Thoumaian alisafiri hadi The Hague ambapo aliiwakilisha Armenia katika kongamano la Wanawake katika Hague. Alifika kwenye kongamano hilo tarehe 25 Aprili 1915, siku moja kabla ya kuanza kwa mauaji ya kimbari ya Kiarmeni, ambapo mamia ya wasomi walikamatwa Armenia. Thoumaian alikuwa kwenye jopo kuu katika kongamano hilo. Baada ya kongamano, alikaa Uholanzi hadi Novemba. Alikuwa akieneza nyaraka na alikuwa na hamu ya kupata habari kuhusu ndugu zake 30 aliowaona mara ya mwisho Marsovan, Armenia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/c/F27837|title=The Discovery Service|last=Archives|first=The National|website=discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk|language=en-GB|access-date=2 November 2017}}</ref> Baada ya vita kumalizika, alichukuliwa na WILPF ili kufanya kazi kwa tume ya Shirikisho la Mataifa. Aliendelea kutetea haki kwa waathirika wa mauaji ya kimbari nchini Armenia. Thoumaian alikufa nchini Marekani mwaka 1940. == marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1890]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1940]] [[Jamii:Feminism and Folklore 2025 in Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Armenia]] hf4e2j6a80ihfhu54ksyt4xkap42gqu 0 208350 1579119 1563415 2026-07-11T13:11:06Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579119 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''Wangechi''' ni [[kijiji]] cha [[Sierra Leone]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Sierra Leone]] {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Category:Miji ya Sierra Leone]] 1moof9b7ru4xqokzc7jgco6uzvzg1vg 0 208359 1579129 1563631 2026-07-11T13:36:49Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579129 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mji]] wa [[wilaya ya Bombali]], [[Mkoa wa Kaskazini, Sierra Leone|mkoa wa kaskazini]], [[Sierra Leone]]. Binkolo iko karibu na mji wa [[Makeni]], ambao ni [[mji mkuu]] wa Mkoa wa Kaskazini. Eneo hilo linajulikana kwa shughuli za [[kilimo]], hasa kilimo cha [[mpunga]] na [[mazao]] mengine ya [[chakula]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Sierra Leone]] {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Category:Miji ya Sierra Leone]] ms54g7x4v6sj93ulsqx5699miwgg3un 0 208362 1579140 1551848 2026-07-11T14:27:49Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579140 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''Daru''' ni [[mji mdogo]] wa [[Wilaya ya Kailahun]] ([[Mkoa wa Mashariki, Sierra Leone|Mkoa wa Mashariki]]), [[Sierra Leone]] [[Mashariki]]. Mji huu ni maarufu kihistoria kwa kuwa na kambi kubwa ya kijeshi (Moa Barracks) na ulikuwa kituo muhimu cha reli ya zamani nchini humo. Pia ulirekodiwa kama moja ya maeneo yaliyoathirika vibaya wakati wa mlipuko wa ugonjwa wa Ebola mwaka 2014. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Sierra Leone]] {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Category:Miji ya Sierra Leone]] ro6iaaa2t27qqdi2so6zz9av9yct6na 1579141 1579140 2026-07-11T14:29:59Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579141 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''Daru''' ni [[mji mdogo]] wa [[Wilaya ya Kailahun]] ([[Mkoa wa Mashariki, Sierra Leone|Mkoa wa Mashariki]]), [[Sierra Leone]] [[Mashariki]]. Mji huu ni maarufu kihistoria kwa kuwa na kambi kubwa ya kijeshi (Moa Barracks) na ulikuwa kituo muhimu cha [[reli]] ya zamani nchini humo. Pia ulirekodiwa kama moja ya maeneo yaliyoathirika vibaya wakati wa [[mlipuko]] wa [[ugonjwa]] wa [[Ebola]] mwaka 2014. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Sierra Leone]] {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Category:Miji ya Sierra Leone]] opaympbr92g8lm2leotkuykmn02ycvv 0 208363 1579130 1564160 2026-07-11T13:38:43Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mji]] wa [[Sierra Leone]] ulio [[makao makuu]] ya [[wilaya ya Falaba]], [[mkoa wa Kaskazini, Sierra Leone|mkoa wa Kaskazini]]. Shughuli kuu za wakazi ni [[kilimo]], hasa [[uzalishaji]] wa [[mazao]] ya [[chakula]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Sierra Leone]] {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Category:Miji ya Sierra Leone]] 4ilxcz3covwwptrb96dolocznt95i3p 0 208372 1579101 1473293 2026-07-11T12:00:33Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579101 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mange''' ni [[mji]] wa [[Wilaya ya Port Loko|wilaya ya Port Loko]], [[Sierra Leone]] [[kaskazini]] [[magharibi]]. Una wakazi 3,300 hivi. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Sierra Leone]] {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Category:Miji ya Sierra Leone]] qnfciwxb4iyq8shg2ox32k0111q5fcw 0 208377 1579135 1560622 2026-07-11T13:48:44Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579135 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''Njala''' ni [[mji]] wa [[Wilaya ya Moyamba|wilaya ya Moyamba]], [[mkoa wa Kusini, Sierra Leone|mkoa wa Kusini]]. [[Sierra Leone]]. Njala ni mojawapo ya vituo muhimu vya [[elimu]] na [[kilimo]] nchini. Inajulikana kwa kuwa makao ya [[Chuo Kikuu cha Njala]] (Njala University). Eneo hilo linahusiana sana na kilimo, hasa utafiti wa [[mazao]] na maendeleo ya kilimo. Wakazi wa Njala wanatoka katika jamii mbalimbali, wakiwemo watu wa kabila la [[Wamende]], ambalo ni kubwa kusini mwa Sierra Leone. Njala pia ni maarufu kwa shughuli za wanafunzi, biashara ndogondogo, na maisha ya kijamii yanayozunguka chuo kikuu. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Sierra Leone]] {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Category:Miji ya Sierra Leone]] rwimrn5uid6wa8lps5tnx1z3q09y2ye 0 208378 1579132 1571749 2026-07-11T13:41:45Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579132 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mji]] wa [[wilaya ya Port Loko]], [[mkoa wa Kaskazini-Magharibi, Sierra Leone|mkoa wa Kaskazini-Magharibi]], nchini [[Sierra Leone]]. Uko karibu na pwani ya [[Atlantiki]] na inajulikana sana kwa shughuli za [[Uchimbaji madini|uchimbaji]] na usafirishaji wa [[madini]] ya [[chuma]]. Eneo hilo lina [[bandari]] ya Pepel Port, iliyotumika kusafirisha madini kutoka [[Mgodi|migodi]] ya Marampa na maeneo mengine. Wakazi wa eneo hilo hujihusisha pia na [[uvuvi]], [[kilimo]] na [[biashara]] ndogondogo. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Sierra Leone]] {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Category:Miji ya Sierra Leone]] cmnhbedt16bk3izdglk5vsdnz2pfpwa 0 208386 1579139 1567648 2026-07-11T14:25:28Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''Sulima''' ni [[mji mdogo]] wa kihistoria uliopo pwani ya kusini mwa [[Sierra Leone]], karibu kabisa na mpaka wa nchi hiyo na [[Liberia]]. Mji huo unapatikana katika [[Wilaya ya Pujehun]] kwenye [[Mkoa wa Kusini, Sierra Leone|mkoa wa Kusini]]. ==Jiografia== Eneo la Kipekee: Sulima ipo kwenye rasi (peninsula) nyembamba ambapo Mto Moa unakutana na Bahari ya Atlantiki. Hali hii inaufanya mji huu kuzungukwa na maji pande tatu: upande mmoja kuna mto, upande mwingine kuna bahari, na upande wa tatu kuna rasi yenyewe. Ukaribu na Liberia: Sulima ipo umbali wa kilomita chache sana kutoka mpakani mwa Sierra Leone na Liberia. ==Historia== Kituo cha Biashara: Katika karne ya 19, Sulima ulikuwa mji muhimu sana wa kibiashara nchini Sierra Leone. Ulitumika kama bandari ya kusafirisha bidhaa mbalimbali kama vile mawese, mpira wa asili (rubber), na bidhaa nyingine kuelekea Ulaya. Biashara ya Watumwa: Kabla ya hapo, kama maeneo mengine mengi ya pwani ya Afrika Magharibi, eneo hili lilihusishwa pia na biashara ya utumwa kabla ya kupigwa marufuku. ==Utalii na vivutio== Fukwe Zenye Kasi: Sulima ina fukwe ndefu na nzuri sana za mchanga mweupe. Hata hivyo, kutokana na kukabiliwa na mawimbi makubwa ya Bahari ya Atlantiki (heavy surf), fukwe zake ni maarufu zaidi kwa mchezo wa kuteleza kwenye mawimbi (surfing) kuliko kuogelea kwa kawaida. Utulivu: Ni eneo lenye utulivu mkubwa na mandhari nzuri ya asili, ingawa miundombinu yake ya usafiri bado inachanga changamoto kufika huko kutoka miji mikubwa kama Freetown. ==Uchumi na jamii== Uvuvi na Kilimo: Wakazi wengi wa Sulima wanategemea uvuvi wa samaki (baharini na mtoni) pamoja na kilimo kidogo cha kujikimu. Athari za Vita: Mji huu, kama ilivyokuwa kwa Wilaya yote ya Pujehun, uliathirika sana wakati wa Vita vya Wenyewe kwa Wenyewe vya Sierra Leone (1991–2002) kutokana na kuwa karibu na mpaka wa Liberia ambako machafuko mengi yalianzia, lakini kwa sasa kuna amani kamili. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Sierra Leone]] {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Category:Miji ya Sierra Leone]] q8qhkdm946eoloovua80fgr8kcqxryz 0 208388 1579128 1565015 2026-07-11T13:33:25Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579128 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mji]] wa [[wilaya ya Bo]], nchini [[Sierra Leone]]. Wakazi wengi wa eneo hilo ni wa jamii ya [[Wamende]], ambao ni miongoni mwa makundi makubwa ya kikabila nchini Sierra Leone. Shughuli kuu za maisha ni pamoja na [[kilimo]], hasa [[mazao]] kama [[mpunga]], [[mihogo]] na [[Zao la biashara|mazao ya biashara]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Sierra Leone]] {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Category:Miji ya Sierra Leone]] hrxolvo26k879m9vysrti31ujz6t50q 0 208394 1579118 1473292 2026-07-11T13:06:46Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579118 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yele''' ni [[kijiji]] cha [[Sierra Leone]], [[mkoa wa Kusini, Sierra Leone|mkoa wa Kusini]], [[wilaya ya Bo]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Sierra Leone]] {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Category:Miji ya Sierra Leone]] 09s43vb6mz7hqa1942zf5z7hj7wgwr0 4 208508 1579125 1579048 2026-07-11T13:30:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1579125 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-07-11) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 60 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 73 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-07-11)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 662 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 734 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2781 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 331 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1284 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 939 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 580 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 434 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 260 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 529 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 395 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 843 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 610 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 279 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 498 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 395 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 321 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 349 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2344 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 379 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 475 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 337 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 300 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 332 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 234 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 435 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 682 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 394 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 373 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 450 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 408 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 306 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 290 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 224 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34954 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 30775 || ↑ +5.4% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 178.9 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2781 || ↓ -0.4% |- | 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 2344 || ↑ +2050.5% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1284 || ↑ +12.2% |- | 4 || [[Australia]] || 843 || ↑ +158.6% |- | 5 || [[Kenya]] || 734 || ↑ +0.4% |- | 6 || [[Kanada]] || 682 || ↑ +274.7% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 662 || ↑ +2.2% |- | 8 || [[Ufaransa]] || 610 || ↓ -15.7% |- | 9 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 580 || ↑ +22.6% |- | 10 || [[Urusi]] || 529 || ↓ -30.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 606 || 43.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.6% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 130 || 9.3% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 122 || 8.7% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 9 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 5 || 0.4% |- |} 7pdakhq3jo5qddbilw1lcwh9vnm0afo 1579131 1579125 2026-07-11T13:40:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1579131 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-07-11) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 60 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 73 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-07-11)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 662 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 734 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2781 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 331 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1284 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 939 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 580 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 434 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 260 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 529 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 395 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 843 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 610 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 279 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 498 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 395 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 321 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 349 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2344 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 379 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 475 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 337 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 300 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 332 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 234 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 435 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 682 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 394 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 373 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 450 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 408 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 306 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 290 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 224 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34954 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 30775 || ↑ +5.4% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 178.9 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2781 || ↓ -0.4% |- | 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 2344 || ↑ +2050.5% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1284 || ↑ +12.2% |- | 4 || [[Australia]] || 843 || ↑ +158.6% |- | 5 || [[Kenya]] || 734 || ↑ +0.4% |- | 6 || [[Kanada]] || 682 || ↑ +274.7% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 662 || ↑ +2.2% |- | 8 || [[Ufaransa]] || 610 || ↓ -15.7% |- | 9 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 580 || ↑ +22.6% |- | 10 || [[Urusi]] || 529 || ↓ -30.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 606 || 43.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.6% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 130 || 9.3% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 122 || 8.7% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 9 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 5 || 0.4% |- |} nxftr3gzt841e1o2o4srkstgcgco4mm 1579145 1579131 2026-07-11T19:13:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1579145 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-07-11) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 60 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 73 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-07-11)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 750 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2781 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1313 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 982 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 580 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 444 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 275 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 529 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 409 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 843 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 639 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 279 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 498 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 399 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 193 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 332 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2344 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 379 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 489 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 347 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 309 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 332 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 234 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 441 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 682 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 431 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 411 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 468 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 443 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 306 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 222 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 293 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 225 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34954 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 30775 || ↑ +5.4% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 178.9 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2781 || ↓ -0.4% |- | 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 2344 || ↑ +2050.5% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1284 || ↑ +12.2% |- | 4 || [[Australia]] || 843 || ↑ +158.6% |- | 5 || [[Kenya]] || 734 || ↑ +0.4% |- | 6 || [[Kanada]] || 682 || ↑ +274.7% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 662 || ↑ +2.2% |- | 8 || [[Ufaransa]] || 610 || ↓ -15.7% |- | 9 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 580 || ↑ +22.6% |- | 10 || [[Urusi]] || 529 || ↓ -30.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 606 || 43.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.6% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 130 || 9.3% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 122 || 8.7% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 9 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 5 || 0.4% |- |} ccymxgyjdapuoe7d5k5yiz3fhqubx53 1579146 1579145 2026-07-11T19:13:19Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1579146 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-07-11) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 60 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 73 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-07-11)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 750 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2781 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1313 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 982 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 580 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 444 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 275 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 529 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 409 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 843 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 639 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 279 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 498 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 399 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 193 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 332 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2344 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 379 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 489 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 347 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 309 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 332 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 234 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 441 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 682 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 431 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 411 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 468 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 443 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 306 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 222 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 293 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 225 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34954 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 30833 || ↑ +5.6% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 179.3 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2781 || ↓ -0.4% |- | 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 2344 || ↑ +2050.5% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1284 || ↑ +12.2% |- | 4 || [[Australia]] || 843 || ↑ +158.6% |- | 5 || [[Kenya]] || 734 || ↑ +0.4% |- | 6 || [[Kanada]] || 682 || ↑ +274.7% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 662 || ↑ +2.2% |- | 8 || [[Ufaransa]] || 610 || ↓ -15.7% |- | 9 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 580 || ↑ +22.6% |- | 10 || [[Urusi]] || 529 || ↓ -30.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 606 || 43.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.6% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 130 || 9.3% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 122 || 8.7% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 9 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 5 || 0.4% |- |} aqe9yq19hebfek992fyiya5y0ij5e3k 1579158 1579146 2026-07-12T03:22:53Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1579158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-07-12) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 60 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 73 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-07-12)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 644 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 727 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2811 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 327 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1264 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 940 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 545 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 265 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 435 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 275 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 510 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 408 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 822 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 170 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 205 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 642 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 487 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 372 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 188 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 332 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 348 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2338 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 349 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 491 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 356 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 308 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 328 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 437 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 659 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 432 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 423 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 460 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 439 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 317 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 218 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 288 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 224 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34954 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 30833 || ↑ +5.6% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 179.3 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2781 || ↓ -0.4% |- | 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 2344 || ↑ +2050.5% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1284 || ↑ +12.2% |- | 4 || [[Australia]] || 843 || ↑ +158.6% |- | 5 || [[Kenya]] || 734 || ↑ +0.4% |- | 6 || [[Kanada]] || 682 || ↑ +274.7% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 662 || ↑ +2.2% |- | 8 || [[Ufaransa]] || 610 || ↓ -15.7% |- | 9 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 580 || ↑ +22.6% |- | 10 || [[Urusi]] || 529 || ↓ -30.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 606 || 43.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.6% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 130 || 9.3% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 122 || 8.7% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 9 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 5 || 0.4% |- |} 3quwq1owgfyis9udkahkzw6f9tl0toc 1579159 1579158 2026-07-12T03:32:21Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1579159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-07-12) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 60 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 73 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-07-12)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 644 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 727 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2811 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 327 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1264 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 940 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 545 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 265 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 435 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 275 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 510 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 408 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 822 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 170 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 205 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 642 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 487 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 372 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 188 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 332 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 348 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2338 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 349 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 491 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 356 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 308 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 328 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 437 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 659 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 432 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 423 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 460 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 439 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 317 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 218 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 288 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 224 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34957 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 30196 || ↑ +6.2% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 175.6 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2811 || ↑ +2.0% |- | 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 2338 || ↑ +1864.7% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1264 || ↑ +5.6% |- | 4 || [[Australia]] || 822 || ↑ +153.7% |- | 5 || [[Kenya]] || 727 || ↓ -0.1% |- | 6 || [[Kanada]] || 659 || ↑ +207.9% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 644 || ↓ -0.5% |- | 8 || [[Ufaransa]] || 642 || ↓ -12.1% |- | 9 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 545 || ↑ +9.2% |- | 10 || [[Urusi]] || 510 || ↓ -35.4% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 606 || 43.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.6% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 130 || 9.3% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 122 || 8.7% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- |} rm0h5qqb96zxb6h7iwxji4fh1b98bgb 1579170 1579159 2026-07-12T08:25:39Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1579170 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-07-12) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 60 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 73 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-07-12)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 644 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 727 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2811 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 327 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1264 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 940 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 545 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 265 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 435 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 275 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 510 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 408 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 822 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 170 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 205 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 642 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 487 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 372 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 188 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 332 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 348 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2338 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 349 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 491 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 356 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 308 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 328 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 437 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 659 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 432 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 423 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 460 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 439 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 317 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 218 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 288 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 224 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34957 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 30196 || ↑ +6.2% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 175.6 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2811 || ↑ +2.0% |- | 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 2338 || ↑ +1864.7% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1264 || ↑ +5.6% |- | 4 || [[Australia]] || 822 || ↑ +153.7% |- | 5 || [[Kenya]] || 727 || ↓ -0.1% |- | 6 || [[Kanada]] || 659 || ↑ +207.9% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 644 || ↓ -0.5% |- | 8 || [[Ufaransa]] || 642 || ↓ -12.1% |- | 9 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 545 || ↑ +9.2% |- | 10 || [[Urusi]] || 510 || ↓ -35.4% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 606 || 43.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.6% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 130 || 9.3% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 122 || 8.7% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- |} kgpyv5979eriroztevpyw7qi4vxcc87 1579171 1579170 2026-07-12T08:26:25Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1579171 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-07-12) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 60 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 73 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-07-12)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 644 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 727 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2811 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 327 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1264 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 940 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 545 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 265 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 435 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 275 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 510 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 408 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 822 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 170 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 205 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 642 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 487 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 372 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 188 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 332 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 348 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2338 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 349 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 491 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 356 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 308 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 328 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 437 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 659 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 432 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 423 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 460 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 439 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 317 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 218 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 288 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 224 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34957 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 30763 || ↑ +4.8% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 203.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 178.9 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2811 || ↑ +2.0% |- | 2 || [[Cabo Verde]] || 2338 || ↑ +1864.7% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1264 || ↑ +5.6% |- | 4 || [[Australia]] || 822 || ↑ +153.7% |- | 5 || [[Kenya]] || 727 || ↓ -0.1% |- | 6 || [[Kanada]] || 659 || ↑ +207.9% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 644 || ↓ -0.5% |- | 8 || [[Ufaransa]] || 642 || ↓ -12.1% |- | 9 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 545 || ↑ +9.2% |- | 10 || [[Urusi]] || 510 || ↓ -35.4% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 606 || 43.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 358 || 25.7% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 129 || 9.2% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 122 || 8.7% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 8 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- |} fxsk11lzhwr0b1uj57zik2gg1272s2k 0 211854 1579136 1445688 2026-07-11T13:52:31Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{vyanzo}} '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mkeka]] au [[zulia]] lililotengenezwa kwa ustadi, mara nyingi hutumika kama [[Pambo|mapambo]] ndani ya [[nyumba]] au sehemu za kuketi. Ni pia jina la [[mchezo]] wa [[jadi]] wa [[watoto]] unaopatikana katika baadhi ya jamii za [[Tanzania]]. Jina na namna halisi ya kucheza mkeka wa busati vinaweza kutofautiana kulingana na eneo au jamii. Jinsi unavyochezwa: *Watoto hutumia mkeka (busati) kama sehemu ya mchezo. *[[Mchezaji|Wachezaji]] hukaa au kusimama juu ya mkeka na kufanya shughuli zilizokubaliwa, mara nyingi kwa kucheza, kuimba au kufuata maelekezo ya mchezo. *Mchezo huchezwa kwa zamu na watoto hushirikiana kufuata kanuni zake. [[Faida]] za mchezo: *Hukuza ushirikiano na [[mawasiliano]]. *Hujenga [[ubunifu]] na kujiamini kwa watoto. *Husaidia watoto kujifunza kufuata kanuni na kushirikiana. {{mbegu-utamaduni-TZ}} [[Jamii:vifaa]] [[Jamii:utamaduni wa Tanzania]] j5td4fyhi65tshil3ug7lxoawr0llpq 0 217196 1579115 1510477 2026-07-11T13:01:15Z Emmy05 90536 1579115 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aichetou Mint Ahmedou''' ni [[mwandishi]] kutoka nchini [[Mauritania]], anayefanya kazi katika lugha ya Kifaransa<ref name=":0">https://web.archive.org/web/20161116101806/http://maurisahel.com/article1187.html </ref>. Mzaliwa wa Boutilimit, Ahmedou alimaliza shule yake ya msingi na sekondari huko Nouakchott, ambapo alisoma sayansi. Ameandika mashairi, makala, na [[hadithi]]<ref name=":1">https://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/AMINAahmedou.html. Retrieved 15 November 2016.</ref>, ambazo nyingi zimechapishwa katika eneo la Nouakchott<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20190714082818/http://institutfrancais-mauritanie.com/paroles-decrits-2/</ref>, na ametoa tafsiri za mashairi ya lugha ya Kiarabu pia<ref name=":0" />. Katika miaka ya 1990 alianza kazi ya riwaya, ''La couleur de vent'', ambayo ilichapishwa mwaka wa 2014<ref name=":1" />. Amezungumza kuhusu kazi yake katika mikutano ya fasihi.<ref>https://traversees-mauritanides.com/articles/afficher/149</ref> == Machapisho == * ''La couleur du vent : il était une fois à Nouakchott : roman'', 2011 == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Mauritania]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Mauritania]] [[Jamii:Wanawake Katika Sanaa]] lmuo6zaun1zolgbyai8h9tqqxoxb8qp 0 219609 1579153 1508854 2026-07-12T02:53:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579153 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kofi Boakye Yiadom''' (anajulikana kwa jina lake la kisanii '''Kofi B'''; alifariki Februari 2, [[2020]]) alikuwa mwanamuziki wa Highlife wa [[Ghana]]. Alijulikana kwa nyimbo kama vile "Mmobrowa", "Bantama Kofi Boakye" na "Maua ya Koforidua", miongoni mwa nyingine. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/profiles/complete-biography-profile-of-kofi-b/|title=Complete Biography & Profile of Kofi B.,|work=The Ghana Star|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-02}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://yen.com.gh/146041-more-heartbreaking-details-kofi-bs-death-pop-up.html|title=More heartbreaking details of Kofi B's death pop up; Kofi Nti breaks silence|author=Tetteh|first=O.|date=2020-02-03|work=Yen.com.gh - Ghana news.|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-03|archive-date=2020-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203163032/https://yen.com.gh/146041-more-heartbreaking-details-kofi-bs-death-pop-up.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alitiwa moyo na watu kama Amakye Dede, [[Kojo Antwi]] na [[Ofori Amponsah]] . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=315&mode=biography|title=Kofi B.,|work=www.ghanaweb.com|accessdate=2020-02-03}}</ref> == Elimu == Kofi B alisoma katika Chuo cha Jimbo la Agogo katika [[Mkoa wa Ashanti]], lakini aliacha shule mapema kutokana na matatizo ya kifedha. == Kifo == Kofi B alipata mshtuko wa moyo kabla ya kutumbuiza katika tamasha huko [[Cape Coast]] mnamo Februari 2, 2020, na alitangazwa kuwa amefariki alipofika baada ya kukimbizwa hospitalini. Alikuwa akipambana na matatizo ya kiafya mwaka uliopita. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.ghanabase.com/kofib/biography.asp|title=Biography of Kofi B {{!}} Ghana Music {{!}} Kofi B of Ghana|work=www.ghanabase.com|accessdate=2020-02-02|archive-date=2020-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202094124/http://www.ghanabase.com/kofib/biography.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} [[Jamii:waliofariki 2020]] [[Jamii:wanamuziki wa Ghana]] [[Jamii:WikiMonthly Edit-a-thon Kilimanjaro]] 4ry94btkq103gjs5ocn9bcfgn0acuoh 3 220578 1579179 1481451 2026-07-12T09:32:43Z ~2026-39407-01 90880 rvv -reduplicatif 1579179 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) f5z2jaevg99vcex4ooc4vffcsi7r6wt 0 221278 1579163 1487352 2026-07-12T04:41:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579163 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liss La Mode''' ni [[mwanamuziki]] na [[mwandishi]] wa [[nyimbo]] wa [[Tanzania]], anayejulikana kwa mchango wake katika tasnia ya [[Bongo Flava]] na [[muziki]] wa [[Hip hop]]. Amejizolea umaarufu kupitia nyimbo zenye mtindo wa kisasa zinazopendwa sana na mashabiki wa muziki wa Tanzania na [[Afrika Mashariki]]. == Kazi ya muziki == Liss La Mode amejikita katika kutengeneza nyimbo za Bongo Flava na Hip-Hop. Ameandika na kuimba nyimbo kadhaa zenye umaarufu mkubwa, ambazo zimepokelewa vizuri na mashabiki na vyombo vya habari vya muziki. Kazi yake imechangia kukuza tasnia ya muziki wa wanawake nchini Tanzania, akichangia katika kuzalisha sauti mpya na mtindo wa kisasa wa muziki.<ref>https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/liss-la-mode-profile{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Liss La Mode Profile – Music in Africa</ref> Amewahi kushirikiana na wasanii wengine wa Tanzania, na kushiriki katika matukio makubwa ya muziki ya ndani na kimataifa, ikiwemo maonyesho na tamasha. == Mchango na umaarufu == Liss La Mode ameonekana kama mfano wa mwanamuziki chipukizi wa Kitanzania, akichangia kwa: * Kuongeza umaarufu wa Bongo Flava na Hip-Hop miongoni mwa wanawake * Kushirikisha wanamuziki wachanga katika miradi ya muziki * Kuhimiza ubunifu wa muziki wa kisasa nchini Tanzania == Nyimbo maarufu == * "Chini ya Maji" * "Tena" * "Kwetu" == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:WikiGap JWK 2026]] [[Jamii:Bongo Flava]] synjsdcm55g2ytqmbofxf84af0h18l2 0 221702 1579169 1519302 2026-07-12T06:50:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579169 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Marcella Liburd 2023.jpg|thumb|Marcella Liburd]] '''Dame Marcella Althea Liburd''' (alizaliwa Julai [[1953]])<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hon. Marcella Liburd – St. Kitts-Nevis Labour Party|url=http://www.stkittsnevislabourparty.com/hon-marcella-liburd/|work=www.stkittsnevislabourparty.com|accessdate=2026-01-31|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727210349/http://www.stkittsnevislabourparty.com/hon-marcella-liburd/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ni [[Siasa|mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Saint Kitts na Nevis]].Yeye ni [[gavana]] mkuu wa tano wa Saint Kitts na Nevis tangu [[2023|2023.]] Alipata mafunzo ya ualimu na kisha akasomea sheria na kuwa wakili. Liburd alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhudumu kama spika wa bunge la kitaifa la Saint Kitts na Nevis  wakati huo huo akiwa gavana mkuu, na pia alikuwa  gavana mkuu wa kwanza kuteuliwa na mfalme [[Charles III|Charles]] [[Charles III|III]] (badala ya kuhamishwa kutoka utawala wa malkia [[Elizabeth II|Elizabeth]] [[Elizabeth II|II]]). Amehudumu katika nyadhifa mbalimbali za uwaziri ikiwa ni pamoja na kaimu [[waziri]] mkuu na mwenyekiti wa upinzani wa Chama cha Labour. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhudumu kama [[mwenyekiti]] katika historia ya shirika hilo lenye umri wa miaka 81. == Maisha ya Awali == Marcella Liburd alizaliwa Julai, [[1953]] katika eneo la [[Basseterre]], [[Saint Kitts na Nevis]]<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Caribbean Elections {{!}} St. Kitts and Nevis Elections 2009|url=http://caribbeanelections.com/kn/candidates/sknlp/Marcella_Liburd.asp|work=caribbeanelections.com|accessdate=2026-01-31|archive-date=2010-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100920011240/http://caribbeanelections.com/kn/candidates/sknlp/Marcella_Liburd.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> kwa Anne Eliza na Clement Liburd.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Historic Basseterre|url=http://historicbasseterre.com/hs_persons.asp?HSID=25&PID=43|work=historicbasseterre.com|accessdate=2026-01-31|archive-date=2016-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326034257/http://historicbasseterre.com/hs_persons.asp?HSID=25&PID=43|url-status=dead}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma shule ya wasichana , ndipo alihitimu shule ya [[elimu ya sekondari]] ya Basseterre. Yeye alipata [[Shahada ya Awali]] ya [[Sanaa]] katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[West Indies]] mwaka [[1976]].<ref name=":0" /> == Kazi == Liburd alirudi kutoka nje ya nchi na kuanza kufundisha katika Shule za sekondari za Basseterre na Cayon. Alirudi kusoma  katika Shule ya Sheria ya Norman Manley ambapo alipata [[Shahada ya Awali]] ya Sheria kwa heshima mwaka [[1992]], alipata Cheti cha Elimu ya Kisheria mwaka [[1994|1994.]] Baada ya Liburd kusajiliwa kama wakili wa mahakama kuu ya mashariki mwaka [[1994]], alianza kazi ya kisiasa. Aliteuliwa kuwa Katibu wa Chama cha Labour mwaka [[1997]]. Mnamo mwaka [[2004]], akawa spika wa bunge la kitaifa,<ref name=":0" /> kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhudumu katika nafasi hiyo nchini.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=St. Kitts News - Labour Spokesman: Marcella Liburd: ¡°Politics is about developing people¡± By Lesroy W.Williams|url=http://www.labourspokesman.com/newsitem.asp?more=local&NewsID=448|work=www.labourspokesman.com|accessdate=2026-01-31|author=disseminateit@gmail.com|archive-date=2016-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160829221903/http://www.labourspokesman.com/newsitem.asp?more=local&NewsID=448|url-status=dead}}</ref> Liburd alihudumu hadi mwaka [[2008]], alipogombea kama mgombea wa jimbo nambari 2, St. Kitts na akachaguliwa kuwa mbunge.<ref name=":0" /> Mnamo mwaka [[2013]], Liburd akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuchaguliwa kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Chama cha Labour katika historia yake ya miaka 81.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Liburd: No Confidence Motion not discussed at Labour Conference|url=http://www.winnfm.com/news/local/4237-liburd-no-confidence-motion-not-discussed-at-labour-conference|work=WINN FM 98.9|accessdate=2026-01-31|language=en-US|author=Toni Frederick|archive-date=2014-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718021051/http://www.winnfm.com/news/local/4237-liburd-no-confidence-motion-not-discussed-at-labour-conference|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka [[2015]], Chama cha Labour kiliondolewa ofisini kwa mara ya kwanza katika kipindi cha miaka ishirini, na kumfanya kuwa mwanachama wa upinzani.<ref>{{Citation|title="We Welcome The Investigations" Says MP Liburd|url=http://antiguaobserver.com/we-welcome-the-investigations-says-mp-liburd/|work=Antigua Observer Newspaper|date=2016-02-18|access-date=2026-01-31|language=en-GB|archive-date=2016-02-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219093547/http://antiguaobserver.com/we-welcome-the-investigations-says-mp-liburd/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alikuwa naibu kiongozi wa kwanza [[mwanamke]] wa Chama cha Labour mwaka [[2018]] na akateuliwa kuwa Naibu wa Gavana Mkuu mwaka [[2022]]. Liburd aliwekwa kama mwanamke wa kwanza kuwa Gavana Mkuu wa Shirikisho la St Kitts na Nevis mnamo februari [[2023]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=HER EXCELLENCY MARCELLA LIBURD JP SWORN IN AS ST. KITTS AND NEVIS’ FIRST FEMALE GOVERNOR-GENERAL|url=https://www.sknis.gov.kn/2023/02/01/her-excellency-marcella-liburd-jp-sworn-in-as-st-kitts-and-nevis-first-female-governor-general-2/|work=SKNIS|date=2023-02-01|accessdate=2026-01-31|language=en-US}}</ref> Baadaye wiki hiyo, aliteuliwa kuwa Dame Grand Cross kwa Amri ya Mtakatifu Michael and Mtakatifu George.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=SKNVibes {{!}} Her Excellency Dame Marcella Liburd GCMG, JP installed as the first female Governor-General of St. Christopher and Nevis|url=https://www.sknvibes.com/news/newsdetails.cfm/121136|work=www.sknvibes.com|accessdate=2026-01-31}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=The London Gazette|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_London_Gazette&oldid=1334565378|work=Wikipedia|date=2026-01-24|access-date=2026-01-31|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:WikiGap JWK 2026]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1953]] 1n0w2yieszk5t7sde8yfxj77qrr6a1w 3 222387 1579177 1488235 2026-07-12T09:25:42Z ~2026-39211-98 90879 rvv -reduplicatif 1579177 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:56, 7 Februari 2026 (UTC) mchkooqt2q305sxrdieq4tl4aufzdbe 3 223215 1579176 1490328 2026-07-12T09:13:35Z ~2026-39338-64 90877 rvv -reduplicatif 1579176 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 13 Februari 2026 (UTC) t2m1ixln71zt3hj4o9rhdmg8nubd3j3 0 224685 1579164 1493588 2026-07-12T05:23:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579164 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lydia Aimée Vololona Rahantasoa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Madagascar|Malagasi]]. Mwanachama wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa la Madagaska, alichaguliwa kuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Tiako I Madagasikara; anawakilisha eneo bunge la [[Manjakandriana]].Alikuwa mbunge mwaka 2011.<ref>[http://rovahiga.over-blog.com/article-liste-des-parlementaires-de-la-transition-90958017.html Liste des parlementaire]</ref> Mnamo 2014 alichaguliwa tena kwa Tiako I Madagasikara.<ref>[https://www.madagascar-tribune.com/IMG/article_PDF/Les-d-put-s-lus_a19626.pdf Madagascar-tribune.com: Les nouveaux élus]</ref> Alikuwa Waziri wa Elimu ya Ufundi na Mafunzo ya Ufundi chini ya serikali ya Ntsay kuanzia Juni 2018 - Januari 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://madagate.org/madagascar-informations-politiques/a-la-une/6800-madagascar-les-membres-du-premier-gouvernement-ntsay-christian.html |title=Les nouveaux ministres |accessdate=2026-02-24 |archive-date=2023-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712053054/https://madagate.org/madagascar-informations-politiques/a-la-une/6800-madagascar-les-membres-du-premier-gouvernement-ntsay-christian.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Madagaska]] br2qvwgewq06ilw7ic4oe1sr0hci1yu 1579166 1579164 2026-07-12T06:01:06Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1579166 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lydia Aimée Vololona Rahantasoa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Madagascar|Malagasi]]. Mwanachama wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa la Madagaska, alichaguliwa kuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Tiako I Madagasikara; anawakilisha eneo bunge la [[Manjakandriana]].Alikuwa mbunge mwaka 2011.<ref>[http://rovahiga.over-blog.com/article-liste-des-parlementaires-de-la-transition-90958017.html Liste des parlementaire]</ref> Mnamo 2014 alichaguliwa tena kwa Tiako I Madagasikara.<ref>[https://www.madagascar-tribune.com/IMG/article_PDF/Les-d-put-s-lus_a19626.pdf Madagascar-tribune.com: Les nouveaux élus]</ref> Alikuwa Waziri wa Elimu ya Ufundi na Mafunzo ya Ufundi chini ya serikali ya Ntsay kuanzia Juni 2018 - Januari 2019.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://madagate.org/madagascar-informations-politiques/a-la-une/6800-madagascar-les-membres-du-premier-gouvernement-ntsay-christian.html |title=Les nouveaux ministres |accessdate=2026-02-24 |archive-date=2023-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712053054/https://madagate.org/madagascar-informations-politiques/a-la-une/6800-madagascar-les-membres-du-premier-gouvernement-ntsay-christian.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Madagaska]] nvd0u61pyo3bgwgmaywwwd2jed102x7 3 225290 1579175 1578726 2026-07-12T09:04:07Z ~2026-39195-31 90876 rvv -reduplicatif 1579175 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 7 Machi 2026 (UTC) ly5o3yw0t6gve2wrvavofi2hr3n1pq0 0 226969 1579160 1517784 2026-07-12T03:42:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579160 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lamia Boumehdi''' ([[Kiarabu]]: لمياء بومهدي) ni meneja wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka nchini [[Morocco]] na mchezaji wa zamani wa nchini humo. Alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]] na amewahi kuwa nahodha wa timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya Morocco. Anachukuliwa kuwa mchezaji mdogo zaidi kuichezea timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya Morocco akiwa na umri mdogo zaidi wa miaka 16. Mnamo mwaka [[2024]], Lamia alifanya historia akiwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuiongoza TP Mazembe kushinda taji la Ligi ya Mabingwa ya Wanawake ya CAF, akileta taji la kwanza la klabu hiyo katika mashindano ya bara la Ligi ya Mabingwa ya Wanawake ya CAF ya 2024. == Kazi ya klabu == Boumehdi amechezea FC Berrechid nchini Morocco.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://lematin.ma/journal/2002/Football-l-equipe-feminine-marocaine-en-stage/20580.html|title=Football: l'équipe féminine marocaine en stage|language=fr|access-date=15 March 2022|archive-date=2 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230402060301/https://lematin.ma/journal/2002/Football-l-equipe-feminine-marocaine-en-stage/20580.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://lematin.ma/journal/2006/Football-feminin_Stage-de-preparation-de-l-equipe-marocaine-feminine/68999.html|title=Stage de préparation de l'équipe marocaine féminine|language=fr|access-date=15 March 2022|archive-date=2 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230402060255/https://lematin.ma/journal/2006/Football-feminin_Stage-de-preparation-de-l-equipe-marocaine-feminine/68999.html|url-status=live}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Boumehdi alichezea Morocco katika kiwango cha juu wakati wa Mashindano ya Wanawake ya Afrika ya [[2000]].<ref name="RSSSF">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-women00.html|title=Africa - Women's Championship 2000|website=RSSSF|accessdate=6 February 2022|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207041157/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-women00.html|url-status=live}}</ref> == Kazi ya Uongozi == Boumehdi ameifundisha timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya Morocco chini ya miaka 20.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=IFFHS|url=https://www.iffhs.com/posts/4076|access-date=2025-01-23|website=www.iffhs.com|archive-date=2025-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123195613/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/4076|url-status=dead}}</ref> === IFFHS === Mnamo 2024 alichaguliwa kuwa Kocha wa 7 bora wa Klabu ya Dunia ya Wanawake na IFFHS. === Jordan === Mnamo [[Machi 15]], [[2026]], Boumehdi alitangazwa kama kocha mkuu mpya wa timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya [[Jordan]], na kumfanya kuwa Mmoroccan wa kwanza kuchukua nafasi hii.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=MASAITI|first=Amira EL|date=2026-03-15|title=Moroccan Lamia Boumehdi Appointed Head Coach of Jordan’s Women’s National Team|url=https://en.hespress.com/133793-moroccan-lamia-boumehdi-appointed-head-coach-of-jordans-womens-national-team.html|access-date=2026-03-16|website=HESPRESS English - Morocco News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Heshima == === Mchezaji === '''FC Berrechid''' * Mashindano ya Wanawake ya Moroko: 2005, 2006, 2008 * Kombe la Kiti cha Enzi cha Wanawake la Moroko: 2008 * Mashindano ya Klabu ya Wanawake ya UNAF: 2007 '''SadaKa SC''' * Ligi ya Wanawake ya [[Lebanon]]: 2009 * Kombe la FA la Wanawake la Lebanon: 2009 === Meneja === '''Kikosi cha Wanawake cha Moroko cha U20''' * Michezo ya Afrika Nafasi ya Tatu: 2019 * Mashindano ya Wanawake ya UNAF ya U-20: 2019 '''TP Mazembe''' * Ligi ya Mabingwa ya Wanawake ya CAF: 2024 * Mashindano ya Wanawake ya Kongo: 2023, 2024 * Mashindano ya Eneo la UNIFFAC: 2024 '''Mtu Binafsi''' * Ligi ya Mabingwa ya Wanawake ya CAF Kocha wa Mashindano: 2024 * CAF Kocha Bora wa Wanawake wa Mwaka: 2024 na 2025<ref>{{cite news|title=Lamia Boumehdi voted Women’s Coach of the Year|url=https://www.cafonline.com/news/lamia-boumehdi-voted-women-s-coach-of-the-year/|publisher=Confederation of African Football|access-date=16 December 2024|date=16 December 2024}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} [[Jamii: Wanawake wa Moroko]] [[Jamii: Wachezaji mpira wa Moroko]] nae35jtbem9khv3y95hnkyrdm694ar2 0 230457 1579122 1509916 2026-07-11T13:17:46Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1579122 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gisèle Barreau''' (amezaliwa [[28 Februari]] [[1948]]) ni [[mtunzi]] wa [[muziki]] wa [[Ufaransa]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki-Ulaya}} {{BD|1948|}} [[Jamii:watunzi wa Ufaransa]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ufaransa]] nfjlpdtq6fk661oc2slclb4zf54eyjk 3 238709 1579174 1578732 2026-07-12T08:56:44Z ~2026-39371-12 90875 rvv -reduplicatif 1579174 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 26 Mei 2026 (UTC) 4is99yn5b88frqizrzthlqldwpo6asc 0 240607 1579178 1577748 2026-07-12T09:30:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579178 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Grand Coulee Dam spillway.jpg|thumb|Njia ya kutolea maji ya ziada kwenye Bwawa la Grand Coulee]] '''Miundombinu ya maji''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: ''water infrastructure'') ni mfumo mpana wa miundo ya kihandisi, vifaa, na mitambo inayojengwa kwa ajili ya kukusanya, kusafisha, kuhifadhi, kusafirisha, na kusambaza maji kwa jamii, pamoja na kukusanya na kutibu majitaka. Mfumo huu ni nguzo muhimu katika maendeleo ya kiuchumi na afya ya jamii, ukihusisha usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji kuanzia kwenye vyanzo vya asili hadi yanapomfikia mlaji na hatimaye yanaporudishwa mazingirani baada ya matumizi.<ref>https://britannica.com – Ensaiklopidia ya Britannica inayofafanua vipengele na mifumo yote ya miundombinu ya usambazaji wa maji.</ref> == Historia ya Miundombinu ya Maji == Miundombinu ya maji imekuwepo tangu zamani za kale. [[Roma ya Kale]] ilijenga mifumo ya mabomba ya kupeleka [[maji]] kwenye [[miji]] yake kupitia njia za maji zinazoitwa aqueducts. Baadaye, [[Uingereza]] na [[Ufaransa]] zilijenga mifumo ya kwanza ya kisasa ya kusafirisha maji katika karne ya 19.<ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1344&context=thesesdissertations|title=Hydro-infrastructure History|publisher=University of Nevada|access-date=2026-06-10}}</ref> Mwaka 1804, kiwanda cha kwanza cha kusafisha [[maji]] kilijengwa [[Scotland]] na kilisaidia sana katika kuupatia umma [[maji]] safi. Mwaka 1972, [[Marekani]] ilipitisha Sheria ya Maji Safi (Clean Water Act) iliyowataka [[miji]] yote kuwa na vituo vya kusafisha [[maji]]. Mwaka 1974, Sheria ya Maji Salama (Safe Water Act) iliweka kanuni za kwanza za kutoa [[maji]] safi kwa kila mtu.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1344&context=thesesdissertations|title=Hydro-infrastructure History|publisher=University of Nevada|access-date=2026-06-10}}</ref> == Mifumo ya uhifadhi na usambazaji == [[Mabwawa]] ya kuhifadhi maji (reservoirs) ni sehemu muhimu ya miundombinu ya maji. Mabwawa haya hutoa [[maji]] wakati wa mahitaji makubwa (kama wakati wa kiangazi), husaidia katika kuzima [[moto]], na hudhibiti shinikizo katika mfumo wa usambazaji. Mabwawa yanaweza kujengwa [[chini ya ardhi]] (kwa kutumia [[tangi]] chini ya [[nyumba]]) au [[juu ya ardhi]] (kwenye minara).<ref>{{cite web|title=Distribution Systems|publisher=Water.mecc.edu|url=https://water.mecc.edu/courses/ENV115/Distribution_print.pdf|access-date=2026-06-10}}</ref> Kuna mifumo miwili mikuu ya usambazaji wa [[maji]]: * Mfumo wa matawi (Branched system) - Mifumo hii hufanana na [[tawi]] la [[mti]], ambapo [[mabomba]] madogo hujitokeza kutoka mabomba makubwa. Mfumo huu hutumika zaidi katika maeneo ya [[vijijini]]. * Mfumo wa matundu (Grid/Loop system) - Mifumo hii ina mabomba yaliyounganishwa kwa namna ya [[matundu]] (loops) katika eneo lote. Mfumo huu hutumika zaidi katika maeneo ya [[miji]] mikubwa kwani unatoa uhakika zaidi iwapo [[bomba]] moja litavunjika. == Changamoto za Miundombinu ya Maji Duniani == Kwa mujibu wa ripoti ya [[Shirika la Afya Duniani]] (WHO) na [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] (UN-Water), miundombinu ya maji katika nchi nyingi bado ni duni.<ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Miundombinu ya maji katika nchi nyingi bado ni duni|publisher=UN News|date=2019-08-27|url=https://news.un.org/sw/audio/2019/08/1066251|access-date=2026-06-10|archive-date=2026-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260610095040/https://news.un.org/sw/audio/2019/08/1066251|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mipango ya miji ya kisasa na utunzaji wa mazingira, changamoto kubwa inayokabili miundombinu ya maji ni uchakavu wa mifumo ya zamani, ongezeko la haraka la idadi ya watu mijini, na athari za [[mabadiliko ya tabianchi]] zinazosababisha ukame wa muda mrefu au mafuriko makubwa. Wahandisi na serikali hujikita katika kubadili mifumo ya zamani na kuweka miundombinu thabiti (resilient infrastructure) inayotumia teknolojia ya kidijitali, kama vile sensa za kubaini uvujaji wa maji (smart water grids) na mifumo ya uvunaji wa maji ya mvua. * Ukosefu wa Uwekezaji - Utafiti uliofanyika mwaka 2019 katika [[nchi]] 115 ukijumuisha [[watu]] bilioni 4.5 umeonesha udhaifu mkubwa katika ufadhili na uwekezaji kwenye sekta ya maji. [[Nchi]] 19 ziliripoti kasoro ya asilimia 60 ya ufadhili, ilhali ni chini ya asilimia 15 ya [[nchi]] zilizo na fedha zinazoweza kufadhili mipango yao. * Athari za Uhaba wa Miundombinu - Dkt. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa WHO, amesema kuwa watu wengi sana hawapati [[maji]] safi ya kunywa na huduma za kujisafi, hali inayowaweka katika hatari ya [[maambukizi]] na pia kuhujumu maendeleo katika sekta ya [[afya]] ya umma. Kwa upande mwingine, [[maji taka]] yasiyotibiwa vizuri hutiririka kwenye [[mito]] na [[maziwa]], na kusababisha magonjwa kama [[kibofu]] na [[kuhara]]. Watu wengi hata hivyo hawawezi kumudu gharama za kuunganisha [[nyumba]] zao kwenye mtandao wa [[maji]] safi kutokana na umaskini.<ref>{{cite web|title=Miundombinu ya maji katika nchi nyingi bado ni duni|publisher=UN News|date=2019-08-27|url=https://news.un.org/sw/audio/2019/08/1066251|access-date=2026-06-10}}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Vilevile, kuna msisitizo unaoongezeka wa kutumia miundombinu ya kijani kama vile kurejesha ardhi-nyevu ya asili (luteka) na [[Uwanda wa mafuriko|nyanda za mafuriko]] ili kusaidia mifumo ya kihandisi ya zege katika kuchuja na kudhibiti mtiririko wa maji kwa njia endelevu. Juhudi hizi ni nguzo muhimu katika kuhakikisha usalama wa muda mrefu wa rasilimali za maji barani [[Afrika]].<ref>https://unep.org – Ripoti ya UNEP kuhusu changamoto na suluhisho endelevu za miundombinu ya maji duniani kote.</ref> == SDG 6 na Malengo ya 2030 == Ripoti hiyo imebaini kuwa uwepo wa [[Malengo ya Maendeleo Endelevu]] (SDGs), hususan Lengo namba 6, umesaidia kuimarisha huduma za [[maji]] safi na kujisafi. Takribani asilimia 50 ya [[nchi]] zilizofanyiwa utafiti kwa sasa zimeweka malengo ya [[maji]] safi na salama ya kunywa yanayolenga kufikia viwango vya juu ifikapo mwaka 2030.<ref>{{cite web|title=SDG 6 Synthesis Report on Water and Sanitation|publisher=UN Water|url=https://hlpf.un.org/sites/default/files/documents/2023/2023%20UN%20Water%20SDG%206%20Synthesis%20Report.pdf|access-date=2026-06-10|archive-date=2023-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807003131/https://hlpf.un.org/sites/default/files/documents/2023/2023%20UN%20Water%20SDG%206%20Synthesis%20Report.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Usambazaji wa Maji Tanzania == Serikali ya [[Tanzania]] imefanya juhudi kubwa katika kuimarisha miundombinu ya maji nchini. * Maendeleo ya Upatikanaji wa Maji - Hali ya upatikanaji wa huduma ya maji safi na salama imeongezeka kutoka asilimia 53 mwaka 2015 hadi kufikia asilimia 70 mwaka 2024. Kwa upande wa mjini, upatikanaji wa maji uko kati ya asilimia 82 hadi 95, inatofautiana kati ya [[mji]] mmoja na mwingine. Kwa upande wa vijijini, jumla ya [[vijiji]] 560 kati ya vijiji 651 vinavyosimamiwa na Wakala wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira Vijijini (RUWASA) vina [[miradi]] ya [[maji]] ya [[bomba]] inayohudumia wakazi wapatao 1,844,097 kati ya 2,634,423 sawa na asilimia 70 ya wakazi wote wa [[Mkoa wa Kagera]] wanaoishi maeneo ya vijijini. * Uwekezaji katika Miundombinu ya Maji - Kwa kipindi cha miaka minne (2020 hadi 2024), Serikali ya [[Tanzania]] imetoa Tsh. 69,370,644,767.82 (zaidi ya bilioni 69) kwa ajili ya ujenzi wa miundombinu ya maji. Pia, juhudi mbalimbali zimeendelea kuchukuliwa za kukarabati na kuboresha [[miradi]] chakavu.<ref>{{cite web|title=Huduma za Maji - Mkoa wa Kagera|publisher=Ofisi ya Rais TAMISEMI|url=https://kagera.go.tz/en/huduma-za-maji|access-date=2026-06-10|archive-date=2026-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260610095043/https://kagera.go.tz/en/huduma-za-maji|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tazama pia == * [[Mtambo wa kusafisha maji]] * [[Uhandisi wa maji]] * [[Usafishaji wa maji]] * [[Uchafuzi wa maji]] * [[Maendeleo endelevu]] == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{mbegu-teknolojia}} [[Jamii:teknolojia]] [[Jamii:Maji]] [[Jamii:AWC 2026]] k0kbpxxi5hrbr78vxy7g10na97xczoj 0 241296 1579142 1578245 2026-07-11T14:30:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1579142 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:BL_Or_485_f._102r.png|thumb|Mwanzo wa kitabu katika toleo la [[Kige'ez]] la [[karne ya 16]].]] '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[kitabu]] cha kale kilichoandikwa kwa [[mtindo wa kiapokalipti]]. Ingawa [[sentensi]] yake moja imenakiliwa katika [[Waraka wa Yuda]] (14-15), kitabu kizima [[Kanuni ya Biblia|hakikukubaliwa]] kama [[Neno la Mungu]] isipokuwa na [[Ukristo|Wakristo]] [[Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki]] wa [[Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Ethiopia]] na wa [[Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Eritrea]]. Kiliandikwa kwa [[Kiaramu]] au kwa [[Kiebrania]] katika [[karne ya 3 KK]] hadi [[karne ya 1 KK]]<ref>Fahlbusch, E.; Bromiley, G.W. ''The Encyclopedia of Christianity: P–Sh'' page 411, {{ISBN|0-8028-2416-1}} (2004)</ref>, ingawa kilijidai kutungwa na [[Henoko]]<ref name="Barker Lost Prophet">Barker, Margaret. (2005) [1998]. ''The Lost Prophet: The Book of Enoch and Its Influence on Christianity''. London: SPCK; Sheffield Phoenix Press. {{ISBN|978-1-905048-18-2}}</ref>. ==Tazama pia== * [[Maandiko ya kiapokalipti]] * [[Apokrifa]] ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} ==Marejeo== {{refbegin|25em|small=yes}} * {{cite book |first=Margaret |last=Barker |chapter=The Book of Enoch |title=The Older Testament: The survival of themes from the ancient royal cult in sectarian Judaism and early Christianity |orig-year=1987 |publisher=Sheffield Phoenix Press |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-905048-19-9}} * {{cite book |first=Gabriele |last=Boccaccini |title=Beyond the Essene Hypothesis: The Parting of the Ways between Qumran and Enochic Judaism |place=Grand Rapids |publisher=Eerdmans |year=1998 |isbn=0-8028-4360-3}} * {{Cite journal |last=Brock |first=Sebastian P. |author-link=Sebastian P. Brock |year=1968 |title=A fragment of Enoch in Syriac |journal=The Journal of Theological Studies |volume=19 |number=2 |pages=626–633 |doi=10.1093/jts/XIX.2.626 |jstor=23958598}} * {{cite book |first=John J. |last=Collins |title=The Apocalyptic Imagination |edition=2nd |place=Grand Rapids |publisher=Eermans |year=1998 |isbn=0-8028-4371-9}} * {{cite book |first=A. |last=Dillmann |author-link=August Dillmann |year=1853 |title=Das Buch Henoch |language=de |trans-title=The Book of Enoch |place=Leipzig, DE |publisher=Vogel }} * {{cite book |first=Philip F. |last=Esler |year=2017 |title=God's Court and Courtiers in the Book of the Watchers: Re-interpreting heaven in {{nobr|1 Enoch 1-36}} |place=Eugene, OR |publisher=Cascade |isbn=978-1-62564-908-9}} * {{cite book |first=Florentino |last=Garcia-Martinez |year=1992 |title=Qumran & Apocalyptic: Studies on the Aramaic texts from Qumran |place=Leiden, NL |publisher=Brill |isbn=90-04-09586-1}} * {{cite book |editor-last1=Milik |editor-first1=Josef T. |title=The Books of Enoch: Aramaic Fragments of Qumrân Cave 4 |others=With the collaboration of Matthew Black |date=1976 |publisher=Clarendon Press |isbn=978-0-19-826161-2 |url=https://archive.org/download/MILIKEnochInAramaicQumranCave4/MILIK_Enoch-in-Aramaic-Qumran-Cave-4.pdf |language=en}} * {{cite book |first=Annette Yoshiko |last=Reed |title=Fallen Angels and the History of Judaism and Christianity: The reception of Enochic literature |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2005 |isbn=0-521-85378-8}} {{refend}} ==Marejeo mengine== {{refbegin|25em|small=yes}} * {{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Enoch, Book of |volume=9 |pages=650–652 |first=Robert Henry |last=Charles |ref=none}} * {{cite book |editor1-first=Gabriele |editor1-last=Boccaccini |editor2-first=John J. |editor2-last=Collins |title=The Early Enoch Literature |place=Leiden |publisher=Brill |year=2007 |isbn=978-90-04-16154-2 |ref=none}} * {{cite book |last=Dugan |first=Elena |year=2023 |title=The Apocalypse of the Birds: 1&nbsp;Enoch and the Jewish revolt against Rome |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |location=Edinburgh |isbn=978-1-3995-0865-0 |ref=none}} * {{cite book |first1=Florentino |last1=Garcia-Martinez |last2=Tigchelaar |year=1999 |title=The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition |publisher=Brill |url=http://www.filbluz.ca/resources/_The.Dead.Sea.Scrolls.Study.Edition_Martinez-Tigchelaar.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160615144741/http://www.filbluz.ca/resources/_The.Dead.Sea.Scrolls.Study.Edition_Martinez-Tigchelaar.pdf |archive-date=2016-06-15 |df=dmy-all |ref=none}} * {{cite book |first=Helge S. |last=Kvanvig |title=Roots of Apocalyptic: The Mesopotamian background of the Enoch figure and of the Son of Man |place=Neukirchen-Vluyn |publisher=Neukirchener |year=1988 |isbn=3-7887-1248-1 |ref=none}} * {{cite Catholic Encyclopedia |wstitle=The Book of Henoch (Ethiopic) |volume= |ref=none}} * {{cite journal |last=Hernández Valencia |first=Juan S. |title=Influence of the Enochic tradition on Qumran: reception and adaptation of the Watchers and Giants as a case study |journal=Perseitas |volume=12 |date=2024 |pages=34–71 |doi=10.21501/23461780.4671 |ref=none |doi-access=free}} * {{cite book |first=Andrei A. |last=Orlov |title=The Enoch-Metatron Tradition |place=Tuebingen |publisher=Mohr Siebeck |year=2005 |isbn=3-16-148544-0 |ref=none}} * {{cite book |first1=Paolo |last1=Sacchi |first2=William J. |last2=Short |year=1996 |title=Jewish Apocalyptic and its History |place=Sheffield, UK |publisher=Academic |isbn=1-85075-585-X |ref=none}} * {{cite book |first=D. A. De |last=Sola |year=1852 |title=[[iarchive:significationofp00sola|Signification of the Proper Names occurring in the Book of Enoch: from the Hebrew and Chaldee languages]] |place=London |publisher=Isaac Frost |ref=none}} * {{cite book |first=James C. |last=Van der Kam |title=Enoch and the Growth of an Apocalyptic Tradition |place=Washington, DC |publisher=Catholic Biblical Association of America |year=1984 |isbn=0-915170-15-9 |ref=none}} * {{cite book |first=James C. |last=Van der Kam |title=Enoch: A man for all generations |place=Columbia |publisher=University of South Carolina |year=1995 |isbn=1-57003-060-X |ref=none}} {{refend}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{Wikisource|1 Enoch|Book of Enoch|has=an incomplete translation of|nocat=yes}} * [http://www.marquette.edu/maqom/ Jewish Roots of Eastern Christian Mysticism: An interdisciplinary seminar at Marquette University] * [http://www.tau.ac.il/~hacohen/Henoch/Henoch%201.html Ethiopic text online] (all 108 chapters) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181006021949/http://enoksbok.se/ Book of Enoch Interlinear] (''Including three English and two Swedish translations'') * [http://www.biblicalaudio.com/enoch.htm Book of Enoch New 2012 Translation with Audio Drama] * August Dillmann (1893). ''The Book of Enoch'' ([https://web.archive.org/web/20160811142032/http://www.filbluz.ca/resources/1Enoch_Dillmann.pdf 1Enoch]) translated from Geez, መጽሐፈ ፡ ሄኖክ ።. * [https://www.patrologia-lib.ru/apocryph/vetus/index.htm Apocryphi testamenti veteris] {{Wayback|url=https://www.patrologia-lib.ru/apocryph/vetus/index.htm |date=20260301095815 }}, access to the Ethiopic Greek, a Latin translation * [https://www.ccel.org/c/charles/otpseudepig/enoch/ENOCH_1.HTM BOOK OF ENOCH From-The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament R.H. Charles Oxford: The Clarendon Press] {{mbegu-Biblia}} [[Jamii:Biblia]] [[Jamii:maandiko ya kiapokalipti]] [[jamii:Apokrifa]] pamq46vbihabktugnh4wyp3s7khgqqd 0 242001 1579106 1579059 2026-07-11T12:21:42Z Emmy05 90536 1579106 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|image_map=Collin County Texas Incorporated Areas Celina highlighted.svg|mapsize=250px|map_caption=Location of Celina in [[Collin County, Texas|Collin County]], [[Texas]] <!-- Location ------------->|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=United States|subdivision_type1=[[U.S. state|State]]|subdivision_name1=[[Texas]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of counties in Texas|County]]|subdivision_name2=[[Collin County, Texas|Collin]], [[Denton County, Texas|Denton]] <!-- Government ----------->|government_footnotes=|government_type=|leader_title=[[Mayor]]|leader_name=|established_title=Established|established_date=1876|established_title2=[[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]|established_date2=1907|unit_pref=Imperial|area_footnotes=<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2023">{{cite web|title=2023 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2023_Gazetteer/2023_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 18, 2024}}</ref>|area_total_km2=124.879|area_land_km2=123.607|area_water_km2=1.273|area_total_sq_mi=48.216|area_land_sq_mi=47.725|area_water_sq_mi=0.491 <!-- Population ----------->|population_as_of=[[2020 United States census|2020]]|population_total=16739|population_density_km2=343.9|population_density_sq_mi=891.0|timezone=[[Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]|utc_offset=–6|timezone_DST=CDT|utc_offset_DST=–5|elevation_footnotes=<ref name=gnis/>|elevation_ft=673|coordinates={{coord|33|19|09|N|96|47|44|W|region:US-TX|display=inline,title}}|postal_code=75009|blank_name=[[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]|blank_info=48-13684|blank1_name=[[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID|blank1_info=2409421<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2409421}}</ref>|blank2_name=[[Sales tax]]|blank2_info=8.25%<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.avalara.com/taxrates/en/state-rates/texas/cities/celina.html|title=Celina (TX) sales tax rate|access-date=May 18, 2024}}</ref>|website={{URL|https://www.celina-tx.gov/|celina-tx.gov}}|footnotes=}} '''Celina''' ni mji katika [[kaunti]] za Collin na Denton katika [[jimbo]] la [[Texas]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Celina ni sehemu ya metroplex ya Dallas-Fort Worth. Idadi ya watu ilikuwa 16,739 katika [[sensa]] ya mwaka [[:en:2020_United_States_census|2020]],<ref name="2020 Census (City)">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Celina_city,_Texas?g=160XX00US4813684|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=May 18, 2024}}</ref> na kulingana na makadirio ya sensa ya 2025, jiji linakadiriwa kuwa na idadi ya watu 64,427. ''Dallas Business Journal'' limeorodhesha Celina kama mji unaokua kwa kasi zaidi katika eneo la Dallas-Fort Worth kwa miaka mitatu mfululizo (2019-2021). <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://celinaedc.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Fastest-Growing-2021.pdf|title=Fastest-Growing Cities: Ranked by Five-Year Population Growth, 2016-2020|date=November 12, 2021|accessdate=July 5, 2022|archivedate=October 21, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021171627/https://celinaedc.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Fastest-Growing-2021.pdf}}</ref> Kiwango cha ukuaji wa idadi ya watu wa Celina kilikuwa 50.8% kuanzia 2015 hadi 2019. Idadi ya juu zaidi ya watu waliojenga miradi katika Celina ni takriban 378,000. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Celina, Texas – Economic Development Corporation|url=https://celinaedc.com/|accessdate=July 5, 2022|language=en}}</ref> [[Faili:Celina,_Texas_(2013).jpg|left|thumb|North Louisiana Drive in Celina, 2013]] Celina ni jiji la kwanza la gigabiti katika Jimbo la Texas na lilitambuliwa na Gavana wa Texas mnamo Mei 2022. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=|first=|title=City of Celina gets a shoutout from Gov. Greg Abbott, here's why|url=https://starlocalmedia.com/celinarecord/city-of-celina-gets-a-shoutout-from-gov-greg-abbott-heres-why/article_51d64dde-d173-11ec-ac8e-eb33b0679c2b.html|accessdate=July 5, 2022|work=Star Local|date=May 11, 2022|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo 2017, Celina ilipitisha agizo la jiji la gigabiti, ambalo lilikuwa mpango bunifu wa kutoa kasi ya intaneti ya nyuzinyuzi, gigabiti kwa nyumba zake zote za makazi. Kufikia 2021, takriban nyumba 9,300 zina intaneti ya nyuzinyuzi ya kasi ya juu, na wakazi wana mtandao safi wa nyuzinyuzi wenye matumizi ya data yasiyo na kikomo na kasi ya megabiti 1,000 kwa sekunde. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Celina, Texas – Economic Development Corporation|url=https://celinaedc.com/|accessdate=July 5, 2022|language=en}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{marejeo}} {{mbegu-jio-USA}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Texas]] [[Jamii:Coordinates on Wikidata]] cojwuc64ssfqku8bpftzgpupzy22sr6 3 242008 1579172 1579067 2026-07-12T08:37:41Z Ali mohamed.aly 90846 /* */ Jibu 1579172 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 11 Julai 2026 (UTC) :Thank you for your welcome, and i will follow instructions carefully '''[[Mtumiaji:Ali mohamed.aly|Ali mohamed.aly]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ali mohamed.aly#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:37, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) a575qv5m30d7xwfghm5xa305bp7tv5q 2 242026 1579127 2026-07-11T13:31:44Z Emmy05 90536 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika 'Habari! Naitwa Emiliana Fabian mwanawikipedia kutoka Tabora.' 1579127 wikitext text/x-wiki Habari! Naitwa Emiliana Fabian mwanawikipedia kutoka Tabora. ngn7lapo2076bnbuu2z8cx1nn1vmul4 1728 242027 1579143 2026-07-11T16:30:34Z Olimasy 26935 Kuanzisha ukurasa wa tukio 1579143 wikitext text/x-wiki Wiki Loves Earth (WLE) ni shindano la kimataifa la upigaji picha linalofanyika kila mwaka kati ya miezi ya Mei na Julai, likiratibiwa duniani kote na matawi ya Wikimedia, makundi, na watu wanaojitolea katika Wikipedia. Washiriki hupiga picha za maeneo ya urithi wa asili na mandhari nzuri za maeneo yao. Mwaka huu nchini Tanzania, Kundi la Watumiaji wa Jumuiya ya Wikimedia Tanzania (Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania) linashiriki tena na linawaalika watu wote wanaopenda kujitolea kujiunga na shindano la mwaka huu. Kuna maeneo mengi ya urithi wa asili nchini Tanzania; lengo la Wiki Loves Earth ni kuwahimiza watu kupiga picha za maeneo haya ya asili na kuzichapisha chini ya leseni huru, jambo linaloruhusu watu wengine kuzifikia mtandaoni. Shindano la ndani litafanyika kuanzia tarehe 30 Juni 2026 hadi 25 Julai 2026 (wakati ambapo washindi wa ndani watawasilishwa kwa ajili ya shindano la kimataifa). Unaweza kupakia picha nyingi kadri upendavyo za maeneo ya asili uliyotembelea. Picha hizo hazilazimiki kupigwa mwezi wa Mei, lakini lazima zipakiwe ndani ya muda wa shindano ili ziweze kuzingatiwa. Ikiwa una picha za maeneo ya asili zilizohifadhiwa kwenye kompyuta yako au simu tangu safari yako ya mwisho, hii ni fursa nzuri ya kuzipa maisha mapya kupitia shindano la Wiki Loves Earth la mwaka huu. Jopo la majaji wa shindano litaanza kuchagua washindi wa kitaifa tarehe 30 Julai 2026 na litachagua picha 10 bora za maeneo ya asili nchini Tanzania, ambazo zitazingatiwa kwa ajili ya shindano la kimataifa la kushindania zawadi. Mbali na kushinda zawadi, picha zako zinaweza kutumiwa (na wewe mwenyewe au mtu mwingine yeyote) katika mradi wowote wa Wikimedia ili kuchangia katika uhifadhi wa urithi wa asili wa Tanzania. epcftviolt5olpn8l8glh49l66b4rpy 3 242028 1579180 2026-07-12T09:48:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579180 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 0wmc0s1k0t4hewzxa9xd40eg8i2lkq2 3 242029 1579181 2026-07-12T09:48:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579181 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 0wmc0s1k0t4hewzxa9xd40eg8i2lkq2 3 242030 1579182 2026-07-12T09:48:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579182 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 0wmc0s1k0t4hewzxa9xd40eg8i2lkq2 3 242031 1579183 2026-07-12T09:48:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579183 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 0wmc0s1k0t4hewzxa9xd40eg8i2lkq2 3 242032 1579184 2026-07-12T09:48:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579184 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 0wmc0s1k0t4hewzxa9xd40eg8i2lkq2 3 242033 1579185 2026-07-12T09:49:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579185 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 2kahzpwljk5vvhrktkdvswpn6q27sqh 3 242034 1579186 2026-07-12T09:49:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579186 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 2kahzpwljk5vvhrktkdvswpn6q27sqh 3 242035 1579187 2026-07-12T09:49:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579187 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 2kahzpwljk5vvhrktkdvswpn6q27sqh 3 242036 1579188 2026-07-12T09:49:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579188 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 2kahzpwljk5vvhrktkdvswpn6q27sqh 3 242037 1579189 2026-07-12T09:49:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579189 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 2kahzpwljk5vvhrktkdvswpn6q27sqh 3 242038 1579190 2026-07-12T09:49:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579190 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 2kahzpwljk5vvhrktkdvswpn6q27sqh 3 242039 1579191 2026-07-12T09:50:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579191 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 39e85u54scujalkrw8g8h553cv9yce9 3 242040 1579192 2026-07-12T09:50:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579192 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 39e85u54scujalkrw8g8h553cv9yce9 3 242041 1579193 2026-07-12T09:50:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579193 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 39e85u54scujalkrw8g8h553cv9yce9 3 242042 1579194 2026-07-12T09:50:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1579194 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 12 Julai 2026 (UTC) 39e85u54scujalkrw8g8h553cv9yce9