Wikipedia swwiki https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwanzo MediaWiki 1.48.0-wmf.1 first-letter Media Maalum Majadiliano Mtumiaji Majadiliano ya mtumiaji Wikipedia Majadiliano ya Wikipedia Faili Majadiliano ya faili MediaWiki Majadiliano ya MediaWiki Kigezo Majadiliano ya kigezo Msaada Majadiliano ya msaada Jamii Majadiliano ya jamii Lango Majadiliano ya lango Wikichanzo Majadiliano ya Wikichanzo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 72 1612471 1580017 2026-11-01T23:18:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Add 1 book for verifiability (20261101sim) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]) 1612471 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} [[Picha:JMR-Memphis1.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[Mwanamke wa Haki]] ni ishara ya idara ya sheria.<ref>Hamilton, Marci. ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=Ox4_vqFCjcEC&pg=PA296&dq=%22lady+justice%22+symbol&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=uXb8Se-IC4GuyATlm5SPBg God vs. the Gavel]'', page 296 (Cambridge University Press 2005): “The symbol of the judicial system, seen in courtrooms throughout the United States, is blindfolded Lady Justice.”</ref><ref>Fabri, Marco. ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=AwwH0F8iC9QC&pg=PA137&dq=%22lady+justice%22+symbol&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=uXb8Se-IC4GuyATlm5SPBg The challenge of change for judicial systems]'', page 137 (IOS Press 2000): “the judicial system is intended to be apolitical, its symbol being that of a blindfolded Lady Justice holding balanced scales.”</ref> [[Haki]] inaonyeshwa kama [[mungu jike]] ambaye anabeba ishara [[tatu]] za [[utawala wa kisheria]]: [[upanga]] unaoashiria nguvu ya mahakama; [[mizani]] zinazoashiria upimaji wa madai yanayoshindana; na [[kitambaa]] kinachofunika macho kuashiria kutofanya upendeleo.<ref>Luban, ''Law's Blindfold'', 23</ref>]] '''Sheria''' (kutoka [[neno]] la [[Kiarabu]]; kwa [[Kiingereza]] ''law'' <ref>from [[Old English]] ''lagu'' "Words of Mel"; ''legal'' comes from [[Latin]] ''legalis'', from ''[[translating "law" to other European languages|lex]]'' "law", "statute" ([http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=law&searchmode=none Law], Online Etymology Dictionary; [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/legal Legal], Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary)</ref>) ni [[mfumo]] wa [[kanuni]], ambazo kwa kawaida hutekelezwa kupitia seti ya [[taasisi]] maalumu.<ref>Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90; see "[[analytical jurisprudence]]" for extensive debate on what law is; in ''[[The Concept of Law]]'' Hart argued law is a "system of rules" (Campbell, ''The Contribution of Legal Studies'', 184); Austin said law was "the command of a sovereign, backed by the threat of a sanction" (Bix, [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/austin-john/#3 John Austin]); Dworkin describes law as an "interpretive concept" to achieve [[justice]] (Dworkin, ''Law's Empire'', 410); and Raz argues law is an "authority" to mediate people's interests (Raz, ''The Authority of Law'', 3–36).</ref> Inaunda [[siasa]], [[uchumi]] na [[jamii]] kwa njia mbalimbali na huratibu mahusiano baina ya [[watu]]. [[Sheria ya mkataba]] huongoza kila kitu, kuanzia kununua [[tiketi]] ya [[basi]] hadi [[biashara]] katika [[Soko|masoko]]. [[Sheria ya mali]] inafafanua [[haki]] na [[wajibu]] unaohusiana na uhamisho wa jina la mali ya binafsi na [[mali ya kweli]]. [[Sheria ya hifadhi]] inatumika kwa mali yanayotumika kwa uwekezaji na usalama wa kifedha, huku [[sheria ya kukiuka wajibu]] inaruhusu madai ya [[fidia]] ikiwa haki au mali za mtu zinafanyiwa madhara. Ikiwa madhara ni kinyume cha sheria, [[sheria ya jinai]] inatoa mbinu zinazoweza kutumiwa na [[taifa]] ili kumshtaki mhusika. [[Sheria ya kikatiba]] inatoa utaratibu wa utungaji wa sheria, ulinzi wa [[haki za kibinadamu]] na [[uchaguzi]] wa wawakilishi wa kisiasa. [[Sheria ya utawala]] inatumika kuangalia upya maamuzi ya [[vyombo vya serikali]], huku [[sheria ya kimataifa]] inatawala shughuli baina ya [[nchi]] huru zinazohusu mambo kama vile [[biashara]], vikwazo vya kimazingira na hatua za [[Jeshi|kijeshi]]. Akiandika mnamo [[350 K.K.]], [[mwanafalsafa]] wa [[Ugiriki ya Kale]] [[Aristotle]] alisema, "[[Utawala wa sheria]] ni bora kuliko utawala wa mtu yeyote binafsi."<ref>"it is more proper that law should govern than any one of the citizens: upon the same principle, if it is advantageous to place the supreme power in some particular persons, they should be appointed to be only guardians, and the servants of the laws." (Aristotle, ''Politics'' [[s:Politics (Aristotle)/Book 3#3:16|3.16]]).</ref> Mifumo ya sheria inaelezea [[haki]] na majukumu kwa njia mbalimbali. Tofauti ya jumla inaweza kufanywa kati ya maeneo yanayotawaliwa na [[mfumo wa sheria ya kiraia]], ambayo huandika sheria zao, na yale yanayofuata [[sheria za kawaida]], ambapo sheria haijaundwa kwa utaratibu maalumu. Katika baadhi ya nchi, [[sheria ya dini]] bado hutumika kama sheria maalum. Sheria ni chanzo kikuu cha uchunguzi wa kitaalam, wa [[historia ya sheria]], [[falsafa ya sheria]], [[uchambuzi wa kiuchumi wa sheria]] au [[somo la kijamii kuhusu sheria]]. Sheria pia huibua masuala muhimu na magumu kuhusu [[usawa]], [[uadilifu]] na [[haki]]. "Katika usawa wake wa ajabu", alisema mwandishi [[Anatole France]] mnamo mwaka [[1894]], "sheria inakataza matajiri na mafukura kulala chini ya madaraja, kuombaomba barabarani na kuiba mikate."<ref>The original French is: "La loi, dans un grand souci d'égalité, interdit aux riches comme aux pauvres de coucher sous les ponts, de mendier dans les rues et de voler du pain" (France, ''The Red Lily'', [http://www.online-literature.com/anatole-france/red-lily/8/ Chapter VII]).</ref> Katika [[demokrasia]] ya kawaida, taasisi za msingi za kutafsiri na kuunda sheria ni matawi matatu makuu ya [[utawala]], ambayo ni [[mahakama]] isiyo na upendeleo, [[bunge]] na [[serikali]] yenye kuwajibika. Ili kutekeleza na kutumia nguvu za kufanya sheria ifuatwe na kutoa huduma kwa umma, urasimu wa serikali, [[jeshi]] na [[polisi]] ni muhimu. Vyombo hivyo vyote vya dola viliundwa na kutawaliwa na sheria, [[taaluma ya kisheria]] iliyo huru na [[jamii]] yenye bidii zinajulisha na kusaidia maendeleo. == Masomo ya sheria == Mifumo yote ya kisheria inahusu na masuala ya msingi, lakini kila taifa inaainisha na kubainisha masomo yake ya kisheria kwa njia mbalimbali. Tofauti ya kawaida ni kuwa "[[sheria ya umma]]" (maneno yanayohusika kwa karibu na [[taifa]], na kuhusisha sheria ya kikatiba, kitawala na ya jinai), na "[[sheria ya kibinafsi]]" (inayohusisha mkataba, [[sheria ya kukiuka wajibu]] na mali).<ref>Although many scholars argue that "the boundaries between public and private law are becoming blurred", and that this distinction has become mere "folklore" (Bergkamp, ''Liability and Environment'', 1–2).</ref> Katikamifumo ya [[sheria ya kirai(mfumo wa sheria)|sheria ya kirai]] , mkataba na kukiuka wajibu zinapatikana chini ya [[sheria ya majukumu]] huku sheria ya hifadhi inapatikana chini ya serkali za halali au [[Mkataba wa Hague wa Sheria inayotumika kwa Hifadhi na kwa jinsi ya Kuzijua|mikataba ya kimataifa]]. Sheria ya Kimataifa, kikatiba, kitawala, jinai, mkataba, kukiuka wajibu na mali na [[sheria ya hifadhi|hifadhi]] zinatambulika kama "masomo msingi ya jadi",<ref>E.g. in England these seven subjects, with EU law substituted for international law, make up a "qualifying law degree". For criticism, see [[Peter Birks]]' poignant comments attached to a previous version of the [http://webjcli.ncl.ac.uk/articles1/birks1.html#appendix Notice to Law Schools].</ref> ingawa kuna [[Sheria#Masomo zaidi|masomo zaidi]] ambayo yanaweza kuwa na umuhimu mkubwa zaidi wa kiutendaji. === Sheria ya Kimataifa === {{Main|Sheria ya umma ya kimataifa|Mgongano wa sheria|Sheria ya Umoja wa Ulaya}} [[Picha:Naciones Unidas 3.jpg|right|thumb|Ikitoa katiba ya sheria ya kimataifa ya umaa, mfumo wa [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] ulikubaliwa wakati wa [[Vita Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia]]]] Sheria ya kimataifa inaweza kuashiria mambo matatu: sheria ya umma ya kimataifa, sheria ya kibinafsi ya kimataifa au mgongano wa sheria na sheria ya mashirika makubwa ya kimataifa. * '''[[Sheria ya Umma ya Kimataifa]]''' inajihusisha na uhusiano kati ya mataifa uhuru. [[Vyanzo vya sheria ya kimataifa|Vyanzo]] vya maendeleo ya sheria ya umma ya kimataifa ni [[Desturi(sheria)|desturi]], mwenendo na mikataba kati ya nchi huru [[Mikataba ya Geneva]]. Sheria ya umma ya kimataifa inaweza kutengezwa na [[mashirika ya kimataifa]], kama vile [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] (ambao ilianzishwa baada ya kushindwa kwa [[Shirikisho la Kimataifa]] kuzuia [[Vita vya Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia]]),<ref>[http://www.un.org/aboutun/history.htm History of the UN], United Nations. [[Winston Churchill]] (''The Hinge of Fate'', 719) comments on the League of Nations' failure: "It was wrong to say that the League failed. It was rather the member states who had failed the League."</ref> [[Shirika la Kimataifa la Ajira]], [[Shirika la Kimataifa la Biashara]], au [[Shirika la Fedha la Kimataifa]]. Sheria ya kimatifa ya umma ina hadhi maalum kama sheria kwa sababu hakuna kikozi cha kimataifa cha polisi, na mahakama (kama vile [[Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Haki]] kama tawi la kimsingi la Umoja wa Mataifa la mahakama) halina uwezo wa kuadhibu kutokutii.<ref>The prevailing manner of enforcing international law is still essentially "self help"; that is the reaction by states to alleged breaches of international obligations by other states (Robertson, ''Crimes against Humanity'', 90; Schermers-Blokker, ''International Institutional Law'', 900–901).</ref> Hata hivyo, miili michache, kama vile WTO, ina mifumo yenye ufanisi ya utatuzi wa kudumu na utatuzi wa mogogoro inayoambatana na vikwazo vya kibiashara.<ref>Petersmann, ''The GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement System'', 32</ref> * '''[[Mgongano wa sheria]]''' (au "sheria ya kibinafsi ya kimataifa" katika nchi za [[sheria ya kiraia]]) unahusisha [[maeneo ya kimamlaka ya kisheria]] ya mgogoro wa kisheria baina ya watu wa kibinafsi unafaa kusikizwa na sheria za maeneo gani ya kimamlaka ya kisheria ndiyo inayofaa kutumika. Leo, biashra zinazidi kuwa na uwezo wa kusongeza minyororo ya ugavi ya [[mtaji]] na [[ajira]] kuvuka mipaka, na pia kufanya biashara na kampuni za nchi za ng'ambo, hivyo kulifanya swali kuhusu nchi ipi ndiyo inayomamlaka ya kisheria kuwa muhimu zaidi. Idadi kubwa zaidi ya biashara zinachagua usuluhishi wa kibiashara chini ya [[Tuzo la Mkataba wa Utambuzi na Utendaji wa Masuluhisho ya Kimataifa|Mkataba wa New York wa mnamo mwaka1958]].<ref>Redfem, ''International Commercial Arbitration'', 68–69</ref> * '''[[Sheria ya Umoja wa Ulaya]]''' ndiyo ya kwanza, kufikia sasa, ambayo ni mfano wa [[sheria kuu ya kimataifa]]. Kutokana na mwenendo wa kuongezeka kwa ushirikiano wa kiuchumi Duniani, mikataba mingi ya kikanda — hasa ya [[Umoja wa Nchi za Amerika Kusini]] — zimeanza kuufuata mfano kama huu. Katika Umoja wa Ulaya, nchi huru zimekusanya mamlaka yao katika mfumo wa mahakama na [[Bunge la Ulaya|taasisi za kisiasa]]. Taasisi hizi zinapewa uwezo wa kutekeleza kanuni za kisheria dhidi ya au kwa nchi wanachama na raia katika namna ambayo haiwezekani kupitia sheria ya umma ya kimataifa.<ref>Schermers–Blokker, ''International Institutional Law'', 943</ref> Kama [[Mahakama ya Ulaya ya Haki]] yalivyosema katika miaka ya 1960, sheria ya Umoja wa Umoja wa Ulaya hujumiusha "muundo mpya wa sheria ya kimataifa" kwa ajili ya faida inayotegemeana ya kijamii na kiuchumi wa nchi zote wanachama.<ref>See the [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:61962J0026:EN:HTML C-26/62 ''Van Gend en Loos v Nederlanse Administratie Der Belastingen''], and [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:61964J0006:EN:HTML ''Flaminio Costa v E.N.E.L.''] decisions of the European Court.</ref> === Sheria ya kikatiba na ya kiutawala === {{Main|Sheria ya kikatiba|Sheria ya kiutawala}} [[Picha:Declaration of Human Rights.jpg|thumb|[[Azimio la Haki za Kibinadamu na za Raia]], ambalo kanuni zake bado zini thamani ya kikatiba]] Sheria ya kikatiba na kiutawala zinasimamia mambo ya nchi. [[Sheria ya kikatiba]] inahusisha uhusiano baina ya serikali, bunge na mahakama na [[haki za kibinadamu]] au [[uhuru wa kiraia]] wa watu binafsi dhidi ya nchi. Maeneo mengi ya kisheria, kama vile [[Sheria ya Marekani|Marekani]] na [[Sheria ya Ufaransa|Ufaransa]], zina katiba moja iliyoandikwa kwa makini, iliyo na [[Muswada wa Haki]]. Katiba chache kama vile [[Sheria la Uingereza|Uingereza]], hazina hati kama hiyo."Katiba" kwa ufupi ni zile sheria ambazo zinajumuisha [[mwili wa kisiasa]], kutoka [[kanuni]], [[sheria za uamuzi]] na [[Mkataba wa kikatiba(utamaduni wa kisiasa)|mkataba]]. Kesi kwa jina ''[[Entick dhidi ya Carrington]]''<ref>''[[Entick v Carrington]]'' (1765) 19 Howell's State Trials 1030; [1765] [http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/KB/1765/J98.html 95 ER 807]</ref> ilionyesha wazi kanuni ya kikatiba inayotokana na sheria ya kawaifa. Nyumba ya Bwana Entick ilifanyiwa upekekuzi na Afisa mmoja wa polisi aliyeitwa Carrington. Wakati Bwana Entick alipolalamika mbele ya mahakama, Afisa Carrington alidokeza kwamba kibali kutoka waziri wa Serikali, [[George Montague-Dunk, ali wa pili wa Halifax|Ali wa Halifax]], kilikuwa na mamlaka halali. Hata hivyo, hakukuwa na sheria iliyoandikwa au mamlaka ya kimahakama ambayo yalitoa uwezo huo.Hakimu mkuu, [[Charles Pratt, Ali wa kwanza wa Camden|Bwana Camden]], alisema, <blockquote>Mwisho mkubwa, ambao ulifanya watu kuingia katika jamii, ilikuwa kupata mali. Haki hiyo imetunzwa na ni takatifu na haiwezi kuondolewa wakati wowote, ambapo haijaondolewa au kufupishwa na sheria fulani ya umma kwa manufaa ya wote...Hakuna sababau inayoweza kupatikana au kutolewa, kimya cha vitabu ni mamlaka dhidi ya mshtakiwa, na aliyeathiriwa lazima atendewe haki.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.constitution.org/trials/entick/entick_v_carrington.htm | title=Entick v Carrington | work=19 Howell’s State Trials 1029 (1765) | publisher=Constitution Society | location=[[Marekani|US]] | accessdate=2008-11-13}}</ref></blockquote> Kanuni ya kimsingi ya kikatiba, ilitokana na [[Citabu viwili mbili kuhusu Serikali|John Locke]], inadokeza ya kwamba mtu binafsi anaweza kufanya isipokuwa kile ambacho kimekataliwa kisheria.<ref>Locke, ''The Second Treatise'', [[s:Two Treatises of Government/The Second Treatise of Government: An Essay Concerning the True Origin, Extent, and End of Civil Government#2:9|Chapter 9, section 124]]</ref><ref>Tamanaha, ''On the Rule of Law'', 47</ref> Sheria ya utawala ndiyo mbinu msingi ya kufanya mashirika ya umma yawajibike. Watu wanaweza kutumia [[mapitio ya kimahakama]] kwa matendo au uamuzi uliofanywa na za halmashauri za mitaa, huduma za umma au wizara za serikali, kuhakikisha kuwa zinazingatia sheria. Mahakama ya kwanza ya maalum ya kiutawala yalikuwa mahakama ya ''[[Council of State (France)|Conseil d'État]]'' yaliyoundwa mnamo mwaka wa 1799, wakati [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] alipochukua mamlaka nchini Ufaransa.<ref name="A75">Auby, ''Administrative Law in France'', 75</ref> === Sheria ya jinai === {{Main|Sheria ya jinai}} Sheria ya jinai, inayojulikana pia kama sheria ya kuadhibu, inahusisha makosa na adhabu.<ref>[[Cesare, Marquis of Beccaria|Cesare Beccaria]]'s seminal treatise of 1763–1764 is titled ''On Crimes and Punishments'' (''[[Dei delitti e delle pene]]'').</ref> Kwa hivyo inapima ufafanuzi wa adhabu ya makosa yaliyopatikana kuwa na madhara yanaonekana kuwa na uwezo wa kusababisha uharibifu lakini, kwa undani, haifanyi uamuzi wa kimaadili kumhusu mkosaji wala kuwekea jamii vikwazo ambavyo vinakataza watu kimwili wasifanye makoa mwanzoni.<ref name="W2">Brody, Acker and Logan, ''Criminal Law'', 2; Wilson, ''Criminal Law'', 2</ref> Investigating, apprehending, charging, and trying suspected offenders is regulated by the law of [[criminal procedure]].<ref name="Br2">Brody, Acker and Logan, ''Criminal Law'', 2</ref> Kesi ya kidhana ya uhalifu inatokana na ushahidi, [[Mzigo wa Ushahidi|kuzidi shaka ya kuridhisha]], kuwa mtu ana hatia ya mambo mawili. Kwanza, mshtakiwa lazima awe amefanya kitendo ambacho kinatazamwa na jamii kuwa hatia, au ''[[actus reus]]'' (kitendo cha hatia).<ref>See e.g. Brody, Acker and Logan, ''Criminal Law'', 205 about ''[[Robinson v California]]'', 370 U.S. 660 (1962).</ref> Pili, lazima mshtakiwa awe na [[dhamira (jinai)|dhamira ya kufanya uharibifu]] ya kufanya kitendoo fulani cha jinai, au ''[[mens rea]]'' (akili ya hatia). Hata hivyo, kwa kile kinachojulikana kama hatia za "[[Dhima kali (jinai)|dhima kali]]", ''actus reus'' haitoshi.<ref>See e.g. Feinman, ''Law 111'', 260–261 about ''[[Powell v Texas]]'', 392 U.S. 514 (1968).</ref> Mifumo ya jinai ya utamaduni wa sheria ya raia zinatofautisha kati ya nia katika dhana pana (''dolus directus'' na ''dolus eventualis''), na uzembe. Uzembe hauna jukumu la jinai isipokuwa ambapo hatia fulani una adhabu yake maalum.<ref>Dörmann, Doswald-Beck and Kolb, ''Elements of War Crimes'', 491</ref><ref>Kaiser, ''Leistungsstörungen'', 333</ref> [[Picha:SalemWitchcraftTrial.jpg|thumb|left|Picha inayoonyesha [[kesi]] ya uhalifu, kwa sababu ya [[uchawi]] katika eneo la [[Kesi za wachawi za Salem|Salem]]]] Mifano ya uhalifu ni [[mauaji]], [[kushambulia]], [[udanganyifu]] na [[wizi]]. Katika mifano maalum utetezi unaweza kutumika kwa vitendo maalum, kama zile kuuwa ili [[nadharia ya utetezi wa kibinafsi|utetezi wa kibinafasi]], au katika nyakati maalum kujitetea kuwa [[utetezi wa wazimi|wazimu]]. Mfano mwingine ni katika kesi ya karne ya 19 ya ''[[Jamhuri dhidi ya Dudley na Stephens]]'', iliyopima utetezi wa "[[kimahitaji]]". Meli ya ''Mignonette'', iliyokuwa ikisafiri kutoka mji wa [[Southampton]] kuelekea mji wa [[Sydney]], ilizama. Wafanyikazi watatu wa meli hiyo na Richard Parker, kijana aliyekuwa na umri wa miaka 17, walibaki katika meli iliyoundwa na vijiti. Walikuwa na njaa na kijana yule alikuwa karibu kufa. Kwa sababu ya kuwa na njaa iliyokithiri, wafanyikazi hao walimuuwa kijana yule na kumla. Wafanyikazi hao waliokolewa, lakini wakafikishwa mahakamani huku wakiwa na hatia ya mauaji. Walijitetea kwa kusema kwamba ilihitajika kwa lazima kwa wao kumuuwa kijana yule ili kuyaokoa maisha yao. [[John Coleridge, Baroni wa Kwanza Coleridge|Bwana Coleridge]], akieleza kukataa kukubwa, aliamua, "kuhifadhi maisha ya kibinafsi ni, kwa kuzungumza kijumla, wajibu, lakini inaweza kuwa jukumu kuu kuyatoa maisha hayo kama kafara." Wanaume hao walihukumiwa [[kunyongwa|nyonga]], lakini maoni ya umma uliunga mkono haki ya wafanyikazi wale wa meli kuyaokoa maisha yao. Mwishowe, [[Ufalme]] ulipunguza hukumu zao hadi miezi sita gerezani.<ref>About ''[[R v Dudley and Stephens]]'' [1884] [http://www.justis.com/titles/iclr_bqb14040.html 14 QBD 273 DC] {{Wayback|url=http://www.justis.com/titles/iclr_bqb14040.html |date=20050228224504 }}, see Simpson, ''Cannibalism and the Common Law'', 212–217, 229–237</ref> Makosa ya jinai yanatambulika si tu kama makosa dhidi ya waathirika binafsi, lakini jamii pia.<ref name="W2" /> Taifa, kawaida likisaidiwa na polisi, huongoza mashitaka, basi hiyo ndiyo sababu mbona katika nchi zenye sheria ya kawaida kesi hutajwa kama "''Watu'' dhidi ya..." au "''Jamhuri'' (kwa [[Ufalme|"Rex"]] au [[Malkia reginanti|Regina]]) dhidi ya..." Pia, [[jopo la waamuzi]] ambao hutokana na raia wa kawaida hutumika kuamua hatia ya washitakiwa kutokna na pointi zinazoweza kubainika ukweli: jopo la waamuzi haliwezi kubadilisha kanuni za kisheria. Baadhi ya nchi zilizostawi bado hutumia [[adhabu ya kifo]] kwa matendo ya jinai lakini adhabu ya kawaida ya uhalifu itakuwa ni [[gereza|kufungwa gereza]], [[faini]] usimamizi wa taifa (kama vile probesheni), au [[huduma ya kijamii]]. Sheria ya kisasa ya jinai imeathiriwa vilivyo na sayansi ya jamii, hasa kuhusu [[hukumu(sheria)|kuhukumu]], utafiti wa kisheria, kuunda sheria, na [[kuwasaidia wahalifu kurekesha mwenedo wao]].<ref>Pelser, ''Criminal Legislation'', 198</ref> Katika ngazi ya kimataifa, nchi 108 [[Mktaba wa Sheria ya Roma ya Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Jinai|wanachama]] wa [[Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Jinai]], ambayo ilianzishwa kuwahukumu watu kwa [[hatia dhidi ya ubinadamu]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20040605155639/http://www.icc-cpi.int/statesparties.html The States Parties to the Rome Statute], International Criminal Court</ref> === Sheria ya mkataba === {{Main|Mkataba}} [[Picha:carbolic smoke ball co.jpg|thumb|Tangazo maarufu la kampuni ya Carbolic Smoke Ball lidai kuwa lingeweza kutibu [[homa]]. Mahakama yaliamua kuwa tangazo hilo lilikuwa [[mkataba wa mtu yeyote]]]] Sheria ya mkataba inahusu ahadi zinazowezwa kutendwa, na inaweza kuandikwa kwa ufupi katika maneno ya Kilatini''[[pacta sunt servanda]]'' (ahadi lazima zitimizwe).<ref>Wenberg, ''Pacta Sunt Servanda'', 775</ref> Katika maeneo ya kimamlaka ya sheria ya kawaida, vipengele vitatu muhimu kuhusu utengenezaji wa mkataba vinahitajika: [[kutoa na kukubali]], [[kutilia maanani]] na nia ya kutengeneza uhusiano wa kisheria.Katika kesi ya ''[[Carlill shisi ya Kampuni ya Carbolic Smoke Ball]]'' kampuni ya matibabu ilitangaza kuwa dawa yake mpya ya ajabu, smokeball, ingewatibu watu kutokana na mafua, na ikiwa haingefaulu kuwatibu, wanunuzi wangepata [[paundi za Kistaling'i|£]] 100. Watu wengi waliwasilisha kesi mahakamani ili wapate £100 zao wakati dawa hiyo iliposhindwa kuwatibu. Ikiogopa [[kufilisika]], Kampuni ya Carbolic ilijitetea kwa kusema kuwa tangazo lile lilikuwa mzaha tu, na kwa hivyo halikuwa toleo lenye nguvu za kisheria. Lilikuwa [[karibisho]], mchezo tu. Lakini mahakama ya rufaa yaliamua kuwa kwa [[mtu mwenye kufikiria kwa kawaida]] kampuni ya Carbolic ilikuwa imefanya toleo. Watu walikuwa wametoa kusudi la kununua bidhaa ile kwa kupitia "shida bayana" ya kutumia bidhaa yenye hitilafu. "Soma tangazo vile utakavyo, na ulibadilishe tangazo hilo vile utakavyo", alisema [[Nathaniel Lindley, Baroni Lindley|Hakimu Lindley]], "haa kuna ahadi maalum ilitajwa katika lugha isyokuwa na utata wowote".<ref name="CCSBCE">About ''[http://www.justis.com/titles/iclr_r9321042.html Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company] {{Wayback|url=http://www.justis.com/titles/iclr_r9321042.html |date=20041205104916 }}'' [[Case citation|[1893] 1 QB 256]], and the element of consideration, see Beale and Tallon, ''Contract Law'', 142–143</ref> "Kutilia maanani" knaonyesha ukweli kwamba vyama vyote katika mkataba vimebadilisha kitu fulani chenye maana. Baadhi ya mifumo ya sheria ya kawaida, ikiwemo Australi, zinasonga mbali kutoka dhana ya kutilia maanani kama mojawapo ya mahitaji ya mkataba. Dhana ya "[[estoppel]]" au ''culpa in contrahendo'', inaweza kutumika kuunda wajibu wakati mazungumzo kabla ya kuingia mkataba<ref>''[[Austotel v Franklins]]'' (1989) 16 NSWLR 582</ref> Katika maeneo ya kisheria ya kiraia, kutilia maanani si lazima kwa mkataba kuwa na nguvu ya kisheria.<ref>e.g. In Germany, [http://dejure.org/gesetze/BGB/311.html § 311 Abs. II] [[Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch|BGB]]</ref> Nchini Ufaransa, mkataba wa kawaida unasemekana kutokea ambapo "kukutana kwa akili" au kwa "kuwa na nia zinazowiana". [[Sheria ya Ujerumani|Ujerumani]] ina mtazamio maalum kuhusu mikataba, ambayo inayusisha sheria ya mali. [[Kanuni ya dhana ya kiakili]] (''Abstraktionsprinzip'' wanayoitumia, inamaanisha kuwa wajibu wa kibinafsi wa mkataba unaundwa kando na jina la mwenye mali yanayokabidhiwa. Wakati ambapo mikataba inavunjwa kwa sababu fulani (kwa mfano mnunuzi wa gari amelewa kiasi kwamba hana uwezo wa kisheria wa kufanya mkataba)<ref>[http://dejure.org/gesetze/BGB/105.html § 105 Abs. II] [[Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch|BGB]]</ref> Wajibu wa kimkataba wa kulipa unaweza kuvunjwa tofauti na jina la mwenye gari. Sheria ya [[kutajirika kusio kwa haki]], badala ya sheria tya mkataba, basi inatumika kurudisha jina kwa mmiliki halali.<ref>Smith, ''The Structure of Unjust Enrichment Law'', 1037</ref> === Sheria ya ukiukaji wa wajibu === {{Main|Ukiukaji wa wajibu}} Sheria ya ukiukaji wa wajibu, ambayo wakati mwingine huitwa [[kosa la jinai]], ni makosa ya raia. Kuwa na kosa la ukiukaji wa wajibu, mtu lazima awe amekiuka wajibu aliukwa anafaa kumtendea mty mwingine, au kukiuka haki fulani ya awali ya kisheria. [[Bolton dhidi ya Stone|mfano]] unaweza kuwa kumgonga mtu kimakosa na mpira wa mchezo wa kriketi.<ref>''[[Bolton v Stone]]'' [1951] AC 850</ref> Chini ya sheria ya [[uzembe]], ambayo ndiyo aina ya ukiukaji wa wajibu maarufu zaidi, mtu aliyepatwa na madhara anaweza kuomba fidia kwa ya majeraha yake kutoka kwa mtu mwenye uwajibikaji. Kanuni za uzembe zinaonyeshwa na kesi ya ''[[Donoghue dhidi ya Stevenson]]''.<ref name="DvS">''[[Donoghue v Stevenson]]'' ([[Case citation#England and Wales|[1932] A.C. 532, 1932 S.C. (H.L.) 31, [1932] All ER Rep 1]]). See the original text of the case in [http://www.leeds.ac.uk/law/hamlyn/donoghue.htm UK Law Online] {{Wayback|url=http://www.leeds.ac.uk/law/hamlyn/donoghue.htm |date=20070216044953 }}.</ref> Rafiki mmoja wa Bi. Donoghue aliagiza chupa isiyopenyeka nuru la [[pombe ya tangawizi]] (iliyokusudiwa kutumika na Bi. Donoghue) katika mkahawa katika eneo la [[Paisley]]. Baada ya kunya kunya nusu ya bia ile , Bi, Donoghue alimimina iliyosalia katika bilauri. Mabaki yaliyooza ya konokono yalielea juu ya pombe. Alidai kuwa alipigwa na bumbuwazi, na kupata ugonjwa wa kuchomeka ndani ya matumbo, na ilimbidi kumpeleka mtengenezaji pombe kwa kuruhusu kinywaji kuchafuka ovyo. [[Nyumba ya Mabwana]] iliamua kwamba mtengezaji pombe aliwajibika kwa ugonjwa wa Bi. Donoghue. [[Bwana Atkin]] alikuwa na mtazamo maalum wa kimaadili, na akasema, <blockquote>Dhima ya upuuzaji ... bila shaka ina msingi wake katika mawazo ya kijumla ya umma kuhusu makosa ya kimaadili amabyo mkosaji lazima alipe ... Kanuni ya kuwa unafaa kumpenda adui yako, kisheria inakuwa, haufai kumjeruhi jirani yako; na swali la wakili, nani ndiye jirani yangu? linapokea jibu lenye vikwazo. Lazima uwe na uwangalifu wa kuepuka na vitendo au visa ambapo hautendi lolote inapofaa, ambavyo unaweza kutazamia kuwa vikamjeruhi jirani yako.<ref>''[[Donoghue v Stevenson]]'' [1932] AC 532, 580</ref></blockquote> Huu ulikuwa msingi wa kanuni nne za upuuzaji; (1) Bwana Stevenson alimdai Bi. Donoghue [[wajibu wa kujali]] wa kuuza vinywaji salama (2) yeye [[Kuvuna kwa jukumu katika Sheria ya Kiingereza|alivunja]] wajibu wake wa kujali (3) madhara hayangefanyika [[usababishaji (sheria)|isipokuwa kwa]] kuvunja kwake kwa wajibu wa kujali na (4) tendo lake lilikuwa [[sababau ya karibu]], au haikuwa tokeo la [[Umbali katika Sheria ya Kiingereza|mbali]], la madhara yaliyompata mtu fulani.<ref name="DvS" /> Mfano mwingine wa ukikaji wa wajibu unaweza kuwa wa jirani ambaye anapiga kelele nyingi sana na na mashine katika nyumbani kwake.<ref name="Sturges">''[[Sturges v Bridgman]]'' (1879) 11 Ch D 852</ref> Chini ya dai la [[kero]] kelele hiyo inaweza kukomeshwa. Ukiukaji wa wajibu pia inaweza kuhusisha vitendo vya kimakusudi, kama vile [[ushambulizi (ukiukaji wa wajibu)|ushambulizi]], [[vita(ukiukaji wa wajibu)|vita]] au [[kuvuka na kuingia katka maeneo yaliyopigwa marufuku]]. Sheria ya ukiukaji wa wajibu inayofahamika vyema ni ile ya [[kumharibia mtu jina]], ambayo inafanyika, kwa mfano, wakati gazeti linapochapisha madai yasiyokuwa na msingi ambayo yanaharibu sifa ya mwanasiasa fulani.<ref>e.g. concerning a British politician and the Iraq War, ''[[George Galloway v Telegraph Group Ltd]]'' [2004] EWHC 2786</ref> Ukiukaji wa wajibu ambao ni mbaya zaidi ni zile wa kiuchumi, ambao huwa msingi wa [[sheria ya ajira]] katika baadhi ya nchi kwa kufanya vyama vya kibiashara kuwa na dhima kwa sababu ya migomo,<ref>''[[Taff Vale Railway Co v Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants]]'' [1901] AC 426</ref> Wakati ambapo amri ya kisheria haipatiani kinga.<ref>In the UK, [[Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992]]; c.f. in the U.S., [[National Labor Relations Act]]</ref> === Sheria ya mali === {{Main|Sheria ya mali}} [[Picha:South Sea Bubble.jpg|thumb|Picha ya [[Bubujiko la Bahari ya Kusini]], mojawapo ya majanga ya kiuchumi yalilotokana na [[uvumi]]. Janga hilo la kiuchumi lilisababisha kuundwa kwa kanuni kali kuhusu uuzaji wa hisa.<ref>Harris, ''The Bubble Act'', 610-627</ref>]] Sheria ya [[mali]] inatawala vitu vya thamani ambavyo watu huvitambua kama 'vyao'. [[Mali ya kweli]] wakati mwingine huitwa 'mali isiyohamishika' inahusu umiliki wa ardhi na vitu vilivyojikita katika ardhi hiyo.<ref>eg ''[[Hunter v Canary Wharf Ltd]]'' [1997] [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199697/ldjudgmt/jd970424/hunter01.htm 2 All ER 426]</ref> [[Mali ya kibinafsi]], inaashiria mambo mengineyo; vyombo vinavyowezwa kusongeshwa, kama vile tarakilishi, magari, mapambo na mikate au turathi haki, kama vile [[hisa (fedha)|akiba na hisa]]. Haki ya ''[[in rem]]'' ni haki ya kipande maalum cha mali, ikitofautishwa na haki ''[[in personam]]'' ambayo inaruhusu fidia kwa hasara, lakini si kwa kurudishiwa kitu fulani. Sheria ya ardhi inajumuisha msingi wa aina nyingi za sheria za mali, na ndiyo ngumu zaidi. Inahusisha [[mogeji]], [[mikataba ya kukodisha]], [[leseni]], [[maagano]], [[ruhusa]] na mifumo ya kisheria kwa usajili wa ardhi. Kanuni kuhusu [[matumizi ya ardhi]] ya kibinafsi chini ya [[haki miliki]], [[kampuni (law)|sheria ya kampuni]], [[sheria ya hifadhi|hifadhi]] na [[sheria ya biashara]]. Mfano wa kesi msingi ya ya sheria nyingii za mali ni ''[[Armory v Delamirie]]''.<ref>''[[Armory v Delamirie]]'' (1722) 93 ER 664, 1 Strange 505</ref> Kijana wa [[kufagia chimni]] alipata pambo lenye mawe ya thamani. Alichukua pambo lile kwa muundaji wa vifaa vya dhahabu ili thamani yake ikadiriwe. Mwanafunzi wa muundaji wa vifaa vya dhahabu aliangalia pambo lile, akaiba mawe yale ya thamani, ma kumuambia kijana yule kuwa thamani yake ilkuwa [[Nusu peni (Pesa ya Uingereza)|nusu peni]] tatu na kuwa angeinunua. Kijana yule alimwambia kuwa angepenga arudishiwe pambo lile, kwa hivyo mwanafunzi wa muundaji vifaa alimrudishia pambo, lakini bila mawe yale ya thamani. Kijana yule alimpeleka mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya dhahabu kotini kwa jaribio la mwanafunzi wake kumdanganya. [[Bwana Hakimu Mkuu Pratt]] aliamua kuwa ingawa kijana hangesemekana kuwa mumiliki wa pambo lile, angefaa kutazamwa kama mpataji aliyefaa ("mpataji muwekaji") hadi mumiliki wa kiasili anapopatikana. Kwa kweli mwanafunzi na kijana yule wote walikuwa na haki ya ''[[Umiliki (sheria)|umiliki]]'' wa pambo lile (dhana ya kiufundi, inayomaanisha kuwa kitu fulani ''kingeweza'' kumilikiwa na mtu fulani), lakini nia ya kijana yule ya kumiliki ilitazamiwa kuwa bora zaidi, kwa sababu ingeweza kudhihirishwa kuwa ya kwanza katika wakati. Umiliki unaweza kuwa sehemu tisa kwa kumi ya sheria, lakini si yote. Kesi hii hutumika kudhihirisha mtazamo wa mali katika maeneo ya kisheria ya kawaida, kuwa mtu anayeweza kuonyesha dai bora zaidi la kipande cha mali, dhidi ya chama kingine, ndiye mumiliki.<ref>Matthews, ''The Man of Property'', 251–274</ref> Kwa kulinganisha, mbinu ya kiklasiki ya sheria ya raia kuhusu mali, iliendelezwa na [[Friedrich Carl von Savigny]], ni kuwa ni haki nzuri dhidi ya Ulimwengu. Wajibu, kama mkataba na ukiukaji wa wajibu hutazamwa kama haki nzuri dhidi ya watu binafsi.<ref>Savigny, ''Das Recht des Besitzes'', [http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/bigpage/%22235083_00000057%22 25] {{Wayback|url=http://dlib-pr.mpier.mpg.de/m/kleioc/0010/exec/bigpage/%22235083_00000057%22 |date=20080418181513 }}</ref> Dhana ya mali inaibua maswala mengi zaidi ya kifalsafa na kisiasa. Locke alidokeza kwamba "maisha, uhuru na nyumba" zetu ni mali yetu kwa sababu tunamiliki mali yetu na [[Nadharia ya ajira ya mali|tunachangayana ajira yetu]] na mazingira yetu.<ref>Locke, ''[[s:Two Treatises of Government/The Second Treatise of Government: An Essay Concerning the True Origin, Extent, and End of Civil Government|Second Treatise on Civil Government]]'', Chap. IX. Of the Ends of Political Society and Government. Chapter 9, section 123.</ref> === Usawa na amana === {{Main|Usawa (sheria)|sheria ya amana}} [[Picha:Microcosm of London Plate 022 - Court of Chancery, Lincoln's Inn Hall edited.jpg|thumb|[[Mahakama ya Chancery]], London, mwanzoni mwa karne ya 19]] Usawa na amana ni mwili wa sheria ulioibuka nchini Uingereza kando na "shera ya kawaida". Sheria ya kawaida ilisimamiwa na mahakimu. [[Bwana Chansela]] kwa upnade mwingine, kama muwekaji dhamiri wa mfalme, angeweza kupuuza sheria iliyotengenezwa na hakimu ikiwa alifikiria kuwa ilikuwa sawa kufanya hivyo.<ref>McGhee, ''Snell's Equity'', 7</ref> Hili lilimaanisha kuwa usawa ulianza kufanya kazi zaidi kupitia [[Malengo ya usawa|kanuni]] bali si sheria ambazo hazikubadilika. Kwa mfano, ambapo mifumo ya sheria ya kawaida au sheria ya raia haiwaruhusu watu kugawa umiliki wa kutoka kwa udhibiti wa kipande kimoja cha mali, usawa unaruhusu hili kupitia mpango unaoitwa 'amana'. Kudhibitiwa kwa mali na 'wenye amana' ambapo kwa upande mwingine umiliki 'wenye manufaa' (au 'yenye usawa') wa mali ya amana inashikiliwa na watu wanojulikana kama 'wadhamini'. Wadhamini wana wajibu kwa walengwa wao wa kuyachuna vyema mali waliyokabidhiwa.<ref>c.f. ''[[Bristol and West Building Society v Mothew]]'' [1998] Ch 1</ref> Katika kesi ya awali ya ''[[Keech dhidi ya Sandford]]''<ref>''[[Keech v Sandford]]'' (1726) Sel Cas Ch 61</ref> mtoto alirithi haki ya [[kokodisha]] katika [[Soko la Romford|soko]] katika eneo la [[Ramford]], mjini London. Bw, Sandford alikabidhiwa mali hayo hadi wakati ambapo mtoto angekomaa. Lakini kabla ya hapo, kipindi cha kukodisha kilikwisha. Kabaila alikuwa (inaonekana) amemwambia Bw. Sandford kuwa hakutaka mtoto yule awe na kukodisha kupya. Lakini bado kabaila alikuwa amefurahi (inaonekana) kumpa Bw. Sandford fursa ya kukodisha. Bw Sandford aliichukua. Wakati ambapo mtoto (sasa Bw. Keech) alikuwa mkubwa, alimpeleka Bw. Sandford mahakamani kwa faida aliyokuwa akipata kwa kupata kukodisha kwa soko. Bw. Sandford alifaa kuaminika, lakini alijiweka katika nafasi ya [[mgongano wa maslahi]]. [[Bwana Kansela]], [[Peter King, Baroni wa Kwanza Mfalme|Bwana Mfalme]], alikubali na kumuamuru Bw. Sandford kutoa faida ile na kumlipa Bw. Keech. Aliandika, {{quote|Ninaona vizuri sana kuwa, ikiwa mdhamini, akikataa kufanya kukodesha upya, anaweza kuwa na kukodesha kwake mwenyewe mali chache ya kiamana yangesajiliwa upya ... Hili linaweza kuonekana kuwa gumu sana, kuwa mdhamini ndiye mtu wa kipekee kwa binadamu wote ambaye hatakuwa na kukodisha; lakini ni bora kanuni ifuatiliwe na isipuuzwe wakati wowote.}} Bila shaka, Bwana Mfalme LC alikuwa na wasiwasi kwamba wadhamini huenda wakatumia fursa ya kutumia mali ya amana wenyewe badala ya kuyachunga. Wadadisi wa kibiashara wanaotumia hifadhi walikuwa wamesababisha [[Mbubujiko wa Bahari ya Kusini|kuaguka kwa soko la hisa]] katika siku hizo. Wajibu mkali kwa wadhamini ulijumuishwa katika sheria ya serikali na kutumika kwa wakurugenzi wa makampuni na [[maafisa watendaji wakuu]]. Mfano mwingine wa jukumu la mdhamini unaweza kuwa kuwekeza mali vizuri au kuiuza.<ref>''[[Nestle v National Westminster Bank plc]]'' [1993] 1 WLR 1260</ref> Hii hasa ndiyo kesi kwa fedha za [[pensheni]] , aina muhimu kwa zote ya amana, ambapo wawekezaji ndio wadhamini wa akiba za watu hadi [[wastaafu]]. Lakini amana pia zinaweza kuundwa kwa [[hisani ya amana|madhumuni ya hisani]], mifano maarufu ikiwa [[Makavazi ya Uingereza]] au [[Shirika la Rockefeller]]. === Utaalamu zaidi === Sheria huenea mbali kuliko masomo ya msingi hadi karibu kila eneo la maisha. Ngazi tatu zimetajwa hapa ili kurahisiha majadiliano, ingawa masomo mbalimbali hufanana na kutegemeana. ;Sheria na jamii [[Picha:Unison strike rally Oxford 20060328.jpg|thumb|Chama cha wafanyikazi kilichoundwa na kikundi cha [[UNISON]] walipogoma]] * '''[[Sheria ya ajira]]''' ni somo la uhusiano wa mara tatu wa kiwandani kati ya mfanyikazi, muajiri na [[chama cha wafanyikazi]]. Hili linahusisha kupunguza [[kufanya biashara]] kwa pamoja, na haki ya [[kugoma]]. Sheria ya kuajiriwa kwa binafsi inaashiria haki za maeneo ya kazi, kama zile [[usalama wa kazi]], [[afya na usalama]] au [[mshahara wa chini zaidi]]. * '''[[Haki za kibinadamu]]''', [[Haki za kiraia na kisiasa|haki za kiraia]] na [[sheria ya haki za kibinadamu]] ni maeneo muhimu katika kumhakikishia kila mtu uhuru na haki za kimsingi, Haya yanapatikana katika maadiko kama vile [[Azimio la Ulimwenguni la Haki za Kibinadamu]], [[Mkataba wa Ulaya wa Haki za Kibinadamu]] (iliyoanzisha [[Mahakama ya Ulaya ya Haki za Kibinadamu]]) na [[Mswada wa Marekani wa Haki|Mswada wa Marekani wa Haki za Kibinadamu]]. [[Mkataba wa Lisbon]] unafanya [[Mkataba wa Haki za Msingi za Umoja wa Ulaya]] uwe na nguvu za kisheria katika nchi zote wanachama isipokuwa [[Polandi na Uingereza]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080910001253/http://www.lawsociety.org.uk/documents/downloads/guide_to_treaty_of_lisbon.pdf A Guide to the Treaty of Lisbon], The Law Society</ref> * '''[[Utaratibu wa Kiraia]]''' na '''[[utaratibu wa jinai]]''' unahusisha kanuni ambazo mahakama lazima yafuate kadiri [[trial]] na rufaa zinapoendelea. Yote yanahusu haki ya raia kupata [[kuhukumiwa kwa haki]] au kesi yake kusikizwa kwa haki. * '''[[Ushahidi (sheria)|Ushahidi]]'''. Sheria ya ushahidi inahusu vifaa vinavyofaa kutumika mahakamani ili kesi ijengwe. * '''[[Sheria ya Uhamiaji]]''' na '''[[sheria ya utaifa]]''' zinahusu haki za wageni kuishi na kufanya kazi katika taifa ambalo si lao na kupata na kupoteza [[uraia]]. Yote yanahusu [[haki ya hifadhi]] na shida ya watu [[wasiokuwa na nchi]] * '''[[Usalama wa Kijamii]]'''. Sheria ya usalama wa kijamii inahusu haki za watu kuwa na bima ya kijamii, kama vile pesa zinazopewa watafuta kazi au faida za makazi. * '''[[Sheria ya familia]]''' inahusu kesi za [[ndoa]] na [[talaka]] proceedings, haki za watoto na haki za kuwa na mali na pesa ikiwa wenye kufanya ndoa watatengana. ;Sheria na biashara * '''[[Sheria ya kikampuni]]''' ilitokana na sheria ya amana, ikitegemea kanuni ya kutenganisha umiliki na udhibiti.<ref>Berle, ''Modern Corporation and Private Property''</ref> Sheria ya kisasa ya [[kampuni (sheria)|kampuni]] ilianza na [[Sheria ya Kampuni za Pamoja za Akiba ya mwaka 1856]], iliyopitishwa nchini Uingereza, ambayo iliwapa wawekezaji mbinu rahisi ya usajili ili kupata [[dhima ya kupimika]] chini ya dhana ya [[Mtu wa kisheria|mtu tofauti]] wa kampuni. * '''[[Sheria ya kibiashara]]''' inahusu mkataba tata wa mkataba na mali. Sheria ya [[shirika (sheria)|shirika]], [[sheria ya bima]], [[bili za kubadilishana]], [[ufilisi]] na [[Sheria ya kuufungwa kwa biashara]] na sheria ya uuzaji zote ni muhimu, na zinarudi nyuma hadi dhana ya ''[[Mfanyibiashara wa sheria|Lex Mercatoria]]'' ya zama za kati. [[Sheria ya Kuuza Bidhaa na Ukahaba wa Watoto ya Mwaka 1979|Sheria ya Kuuza Bidhaa]] ya Uingereza na [[Kodi Sawa ya Biashara]] ya Marekani ni mifano ya kanuni za kibiashara ya sheria ya kawaida * '''[[Sheria ya maji]]''' na '''[[Mkataba wa Umoja wa Mataifa kuhusu Sheria ya Maji|Sjeria ya Maji]]''' zinaweka muundo msingi wa biashara huru na biashara Duniani kote Baharini, ambapo yamo nje ya eneo la udhibiti wa nchi fulani. Makampuni ya meli yanafanya kazi kwa kutumia kanuni za kawaida za sheria ya biashara, ambazo zimefanywa kuwa jumla kwa soko la kimataifa. Sheria ya maji inajumuisha masuala muhimu kama vile kama vile [[kuokoa vifaa kutoka baharini]], [[Lien#|lieni za maji]], na majeraha kwa abiria. * '''[[Miliki Sheria]]''' inalenga aims at safeguarding creators and other producers of intellectual goods and services. These are legal rights ([[copyright]]s, [[trademark]]s, [[patent]]s, and [[related right]]s) which result from intellectual activity in the industrial, literary and artistic fields.<ref>WIPO, ''Intellectual Property'', 3</ref> * '''[[Fidia]]''' inashughulika na kupata mapato ya mtu mwingine, bali si [[fidia]] kwa hasara ya kibinafsi * '''[[Kutajirika isipofaa]]''' ndiyo nguzo ya tatu ya sheria ya raia (pamoja na mkataba na ukiukaji wa wajibu). Wakati ambapo mtu fulani ametajirishwa isipofaa (au kuna "kutokuwepo kwa msingi" wa biashara) kwa gharama ya mawingine, tukio hili linazalisha haki ya fidia ili kugeuza faida hiyo. ;Sheria na vikwazo [[Picha:1930-67B.png|thumb| Sakafu ya biashara ya [[Soko la Hisa la New York]] baada ya [[kuanguka kwa Wall Street mnamo mwaka wa 1929]], kabla ya sheria kali zaidi za [[vikwazo vya kibenki]] vilipoanza kutumika]] * '''[[Sheria ya kodi]]''' inahusu kanuni kuhusu [[kodi ya thamani iliyoongezwa]], [[kodi ya kampuni]], [[kodi ya mapato]]. * '''[[Kanuni za kibenki|Sheria za kibenki]]''' na [[kanuni za kifedha]] zinaweka viwango vya chini zaidi kuhusu idadi ya mtaji ambao benki zinaweza kuwa nao, na sheria kuhusu utendaji bora wa uwekezaji. Hili ni kwa minajili ya kuhakikisha ulinzi dhidi ya taabu za kiuchumi, kama vile[[Kunguka kwa soko la Wall Street mnamo mwaka wa 1929]]. * '''[[Vikwazo]]''' vinashughulika na utoaji wa [[huduma za umma]] na usimamizi wa [[vifaa vya umma]].'''[[Sheria ya maji]]''' ni mfano mmoja. Hasa tangu [[ubinafshaji]] uwe maarufu na uchukue usimamizi wa huduma kutoka kwa sheria ya umma, makampuni ya kibinafsi ambayo hapo yalikuwa yakifanya kazi iliyodhitiwa na serikali hapo awali yamefungwa na vyeo mbalimbali vya wajibu wa kijamii. [[Sera za Nishati|Nishati]], [[Ofgem|gesi]], [[sera za mawasiliano|mawasiliano]] na [[sheria ya maji|maji]] zinadhibitiwa na viwanda katika nchi nyingi za [[Shirika la Muungano wa Maendeleo ya Kiuchumi|OECD]]. * '''[[Sheria ya mashindano]]''', nchini Marekani inajulikana kama sheria [[dhidi ya amana]], ni eneo linalozidi kubadilika ambalo lilianza katika kutokana na amri za [[Roma ya Kale|Kirumi]] dhidi ya [[kuweka bei]] na mafundisho ya Uingereza ya [[biashara ya makini]]. Sheria ya kisasa ya mashindano inatokana na sheria za Marekani dhidi ya biashara za magendo na dhidi ya ukiritimba ([[Sheria ya Sherman]] na [[Sheria ya Clyaton]]) ya mwisho wa karne ya 20. Inatumika kudhibiti biashara zinazojaribu kutumia ushawishi wao wa kiuchumi kubadilisha biashra za sokoni bila kujali [[maslahi ya mnunuzi]]. * '''[[Kumlinda mnunuzi|Sheria ya mnunuzi]]''' inaweza kujumuisha chochote kuanzia kanuni kuhusu [[vifungu vya mikataba]] ambavyo si sawa hadi maelekezo kuhusu bima ya mizigo ya ndege. * '''[[Sheria ya mazingira]]''' inazidi kuwa muhimu, hasa katika mwanga wa [[Itifaki ya Kyoto]] na hatari inayoweza kutokana na [[mabadiliko ya hali ya anga]]. Ulinzi wa kimazingira pia intumika kuwaadhibu [[uharibifu wa mazingira|wanaoharibu mazingira]] katika mifumo ya kisheria ya kiinchi == Mifumo ya sheria == {{Main|Mifumo ya sheria duniani}} Kwa ujumla, mifumo ya kisheria inaweza kugawanywa kati ya mifumo ya kisheria ya kiraia na mifumo ya kisheria ya kawaida.<ref>Modern scholars argue that the significance of this distinction has progressively declined; the numerous [[legal transplants]], typical of modern law, result in the sharing by modern legal systems of many features traditionally considered typical of either common law or civil law (Mattei, ''Comparative Law and Economics'', 71)</ref> Maneno "sheria ya kiraia" yanayoashiria mfumo wa kisheria hayapaswi kuchanganyishwa na "sheria ya kiraia" kama kundi la masomo ya kisheria ambayo ni tofauti na [[sheria ya umma]] au ya jinai. Aina ya tatu ya mfumo wa kisheria—inayokubalika bado na baadhi ya nchi ambazo zina [[utengano wa kanisa na taifa]]—ni sheria sheria ya kidini, ambayo ina msingi wake katika [[maandiko ya kidini]]. Aina ya mfumo amabo nchi inatumia kutawala mara nyingi kudhamiriwa na historia yake, uhusiano wake na nchi zingine au kushikilia kwake kwa viwango vya kimataifa. [[Vyanzo vya sheria|Vyanzo]] ambavyo maneneo fulani ya kisheria hutumia kama kama zenye uwezo wa kuwa nguvu za kisheria ndizo sifa fafanuzi za mfumo wowote wa kisheria. Hata hivyo, uainishaji ni jambo la umbo kuliko maana, kwani sheria sawa mara nyingi hutawala. === Sheria ya kiraia === {{Main|Sheria ya kiraia}} [[Picha:Code Civil 1804.png|thumb|Ukurasa wa kwanza wa toleo la mwaka wa 1804 la [[Sheria za Kinapoleoni]]]] Sheria ya kiraia ni mfumo wa kisheria unaotumika katika nchi nyingi Duniani. Katika sheria ya kiraia vyanzo vinavyotambulika kama kuwa na mamlaka, ni, haswa, uundaji wa sheria—haswa [[Kuandika sheria (sheria)|sheria zilizoandikwa]] katika [[katiba]] au [[amri]] zinazopitishwa na serikali—na tamaduni.<ref>Civil law jurisdictions recognise custom as "the other source of law"; hence, scholars tend to divide the civil law into the broad categories of "written law" (''ius scriptum'') or legislation, and "unwritten law" (''ius non scriptum'') or custom. Yet they tend to dismiss custom as being of slight importance compared to legislation (Georgiadis, ''General Principles of Civil Law'', 19; Washofsky, ''Taking Precedent Seriously'', 7).</ref> Sheria za kuandikwa zinapatikana hata katika miaka mingi ya awali , huku mfano mmoja ukiwa [[Sheria ya Hammurabi|Codex Hammurabi]] ya [[sheria ya Kibebeli|Kibabeli]]. Mifumo ya sheria za kiraia ya kisasa inatokana na mazoezi ya kisheria ya [[Dola la Kirumi]] ambalo maadiko yake yalipatikana katika Ulaya ya [[Zama za Kati]]. Sheria ya Kirumu katika siku za [[Jamhuri ya Kiruma]] na Dola la Kirumi lilitegemea sana utaratibu, na ilikosa daraja la kitaaluma.<ref>Gordley-von Mehren, ''Comparative Study of Private Law'', 18</ref> Badala uake mtu wa kawaida aliyeitwa, ''iudex'', alichagukiwa kufanya uamuzi. Kesi za awali hazikuripotiwa, kwa hivyo sheria yoyote yenye msingi katika kesi iliyoibuka ilifichwa na hata kutotambulika.<ref>Gordley-von Mehren, ''Comparative Study of Private Law'', 21</ref> Kila kesi ilikuwa ilimuliwe upya kutokana na sheria za nchi, ambayo ni sawa na kupungua kwa umuhimu (kinadharia) wa uamuzi wa mahakimu kwa kesi za siku za usoni kwa mufumo ya kisheria siku za leo. Katika kipindi cha karne ya 6 NK katika [[Dola la Kibaizanti|Dola la Mashariki la Roma]], Kaisari [[Justinian I]] aliandika na kuzikusanya pamoja sheria ambazo zilikuwa zinapatikana hapo awali katika Roma, ambapo kile kilichobakia kilikuwa sehemu moja juu ya ishirini ya kiwango cha maandiko ya kisheria kutoka awali.<ref>Stein, ''Roman Law in European History'', 32</ref> Hili ikawa inafahamika kama ''[[Corpus Juris Civilis]]''. Kwa mujibu wa mwanahistoria mmoja wa kisheria, "Justinian alitazama kwa uangalifu hadi miaka ya dhahabu ya nyuma ya sheria ya Kirumi na alilenga kuirejesha hadi upeo wake wa karne tatu za awali."<ref>Stein, ''Roman Law in European History'', 35</ref> Wakati uo huo, Ulaya ya Magharibi ilitumbukia polepole katika [[Zama za Giza]], na haikuwa hadi karne ya 11ambapo wasomi katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Bologna]] walipoyagundua upya maandiko yaliyokuwa yamepotea na kuyatumia kuzitafsiri sheria zao.<ref>Stein, ''Roman Law in European History'', 43</ref> Maandiko ya sheria za kiraia yenye msingi unaofanana kwa karibu na sheria ya Kirumu, sambamba na ushawishi mchache kutoka [[sheria za kidini]] kama vile [[sheria ya Kikanoni]] na [[Sharia|sheria ya Kiislamu]],<ref name>Badr, ''Islamic Law'', 187–198 [196–8]</ref><ref name="Makdisi"/> iliendelea kuenea kote baranii Ulaya hadi [[Zama za Kutaalamika|Kutaalmika]]; kisha, katika karne ya 19, Ufaransa, na [[Sheria iliyoandikwa ya Kiraia]], na Ujerumani, [[Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch]], zilifanya sheria zao zilizokuwa zimeandikwa kuwa za kisasa. Sheria hizi mbili zilizoandikwa zilisukuma vilivyo si tu mifumo ya kisheria ya nchi katika Bara Ulaya (kama vile Ugiriki), lakini pia tamaduni za kisheria za [[Sheria ya Ujapani|Ujapani]] na [[Korea ya Kusini|Kikorea]].<ref>Hatzis, ''The Short-Lived Influence of the Napoleonic Civil Code in Greece'', 253–263</ref><ref>Demirgüç-Kunt -Levine, ''Financial Structures and Economic Growth'', 204</ref> Leo, cnhi ambazo zina mifumo ya kisheria ya kiraia ni kama vile [[Sheria ya Urusi|Urusi]] na [[Sheria ya Demokrasia ya watu ya Uchina|Uchina]] na maeneo mengi ya Marekani ya [[Marekani ya Kati|Kati]] na [[Sheria ya Marekani ya Kusini|Marekani ya Kilatini]].<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2100.html The World Factbook — Field Listing – Legal system] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2100.html |date=20181226012138 }}, CIA</ref> Marekani inafuata sheria ya kawaida inayofafanuliwa hapa chini. === Sheria ya kawaida na usawa === {{Main|Sheria ya kawaida}} [[Picha:King John signing the Great Charter (Magna Carta) by English School.png|thumb|Mfalme Yohana wa Uingereza anatia sahini Magna Carta]] Sheria ya kawaida na usawa ni mifumo ya kisheria ambapo uamuzi wa mahakama yanakubalika wazi kuwa vyanzo vya sheria."Mafundisho ya utangulizi", au ''[[stare decisis]]'' (Kilatini kwa "kusimama kwa uamuzi") unamaanisha kuwa sumauzi unaofanywa na mahakama yenye mamlaka kubwa yanafunga mahakama yenye mamlaka ya chini. Mifumo ya kisheria ya kawaida hutumia amri mara chache sana, zinazopitishwa na bunge, lakini huenda zikafanya jaribio ambalo si la kitaratibu kuandika sheria zao kuliko katika "mfumo wa sheria wa kiraia". Sheria ya kawaida ina asili yake nchini Uingereza na imerithiwa na karibu nchi zote ambazo hapo awali zilihusika na [[Dola la Uingereza]] (isipokuwa Malta, [[sHERIA YA|Scotland]], na jimbo la Marekani la [[Sheria ya Louisiana|Louisiana]], na jimbo la Kanada la [[sheria ya Quebec|Quebec]]). Katika Uingereza wakati wa zama za kati, [[Ushindi wa Norman dhidi ya Uingereza|ushindi wa Norman]] ulisababisha kuungana kwa desturi mbalimbali za kikabila na hivyo basi kuunda sheria ya "kawaida" ya nchi yote. Labda ikisukumwa na [[Sheria ya Kiislamu|mazoea ya kisheria ya Kiislamu]] wakati wa [[Krusedi]],<ref name=Makdisi>Makdisi, ''The Islamic Origins'', 1635–1739</ref> sheria ya kawaida iliendelea ambapo Mfalme wa Kiingereza alikuwa amefanywa kuwa dhaifu na gharama kubwa ya vita vywa kudhibiti sehemu kubwa za Ufaransa. [[Yohana wa Uingereza|Mfalme Yohana]] alikuwa amelazimishwa na mabaroni wake kutia saini hati iliyoweka vikwazo kwa mamlaka yake ya kupisha sheria. "Mkataba huu mkuu" au ''[[Magna Carta]]'' wa mwaka 1215 pia ulihitaji jopo la mahakimu wa Mfalme kufanya mikutano yao ya kimahakama na uamuzi wao katika "mahali maalum" badala ya kutoa haki ya kibepari katika maeneo yaliyokuwa magumu kutabiri kote.<ref>[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/magnacarta.html Magna Carta] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/magnacarta.html |date=20140910155351 }}, Fordham University</ref> Kundi la mahakimu walsomi na waliokolea walipata jukumu muhimu katika kuunda sheria chini ya mfumo huu, na ikilinganishwa na wenzao Barani Ulaya mahakama ya Uingereza ilikuwa na urasimu mwingi zaidi. Kwa mfano, mnamo mwaka wa 1297, wakati ambapo mahakama kuu ya Ufaransa yalikuwa na mahakimu hamsini na wawili, [[Mahakama ya Uingereza ya Maombi ya Kawaida]] yalikuwa na watano.<ref>Gordley-von Mehren, ''Comparative Study of Private Law'', 4</ref> Mahakama haya yenye nguvu na yaliyoshikamana yalisababisha mfumo wa kikiritimba.<ref>Gordley-von Mehren, ''Comparative Study of Private Law'', 3</ref> Kufuatana na hilo, kadiri wakati ulivyopita, idadi iliyoongezeka ya raia waliomba Mfalme kupuuza sheria ya kawaida, na kwa niaba ya Mfalme [[Bwana Chansela]] alitoa uamuzi kufanya kile ambacho ni sawa kwa kila kesi. Kuanzia wakati wa [[Thomas More]], wakili wa kwanza kuteuliwa kama Bwana Chansela, mwili wa kimfumo wa usawa uliongezeka kando ya sheria ya kawaida yenye ukiritimba, na ilianzisha [[Mahakama yake ya Chancery]]. Mwanzoni, usawa ulikosolewa kuwa ulikosa kukosa utaratibu, na kuwa ulibadilika kulingana na urefu wa mguu wa Chansela.<ref>Pollock (ed) ''Table Talk of [[John Selden]]'' (1927) 43; "Equity is a roguish thing. For law we have a measure... equity is according to the conscience of him that is Chancellor, and as that is longer or narrower, so is equity. 'Tis all one as if they should make the stadard for the measure a Chancellor's foot."</ref> Lakini baada ya muda iliunda [[Kanuni za usawa|kanuni]], hasa chini ya [[John Scott, Ali wa kwanza wa Eldon|Bwana Eldon]].<ref>''[[Gee v Pritchard]]'' (1818) 2 Swans. 402, 414</ref> Katika karne ya 19 mifumo hiyo miwili iliunganishwa pamoja. Katika kuendeleza sheria ya kawaida na usawa, waandishi wa kitaaluma wamekuwa na jukumu muhimu. [[William Blackstone]], kuanzia kipindi cha 1760, alikuwa mwanachuoni wa kwanza kuelezea na kufunza usawa.<ref>Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, [http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/blackstone/bk1ch1.htm Book the First – Chapter the First] {{Wayback|url=http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/blackstone/bk1ch1.htm |date=20130329045450 }}</ref> Lakini kwa kuelezea tu, wasomi walitafuta melezo na miunso msingi walibadilisha polepole jinisi sheria ilivyofanya kazi.<ref>Gordley-von Mehren, ''Comparative Study of Private Law'', 17</ref> === Sheria ya kidini === {{Main|Sheria ya kidini}} Sheria ya kidini inatokana na maagizo ya [[dini]]. Baadhi ya mifano ni [[Halakha]] ya [[Uyahudi|Kiyahudi]] na [[Sharia]] ya [[Uislamu]] — ambazo zote mbili zinamaanisha "njia ya kufuata" — huku [[sheria za Kanisa]] za [[Ukristo]] nazo hutumika katika [[madhehebu]] machache, kama vile [[Kanisa Katoliki]], [[Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi]] na la [[Anglikana]]. Mara nyingi dini inadai kutobadilika kwa sheria, kwa sababu [[neno la Mungu]] haliwezi kufanyiwa marekebisho wala kupingwa na mahakimu au serikali. Hata hivyo mfumo fasaha wa sheria kwa jumla unahitaji upanuzi upande wa [[binadamu]]. Kwa mfano, [[Torati]] au Vitabu Vitano vya [[Musa]] katika [[Agano la Kale]]. Vitabu hivyo vina kanuni na sheria za msingi za Uyahudi, ambayo baadhi ya jamii ya Kiisraeli huchagua kutumia. [[Halakha]] ni kanuni ya sheria za Kiyahudi inayofanya muhtasari wa baadhi ya ufafanuzi wa kitabu cha [[Talmud]]. Hata hivyo, [[Sheria za Israeli]] zinaruhusu [[mlalamikaji]] kuchagua mbinu za kidini ikiwa tu anataka. Mfano mwingine ni [[Korani]] ambayo ina sheria, na inakuwa kama chanzo cha sheria zaidi kupitia ufafanuzi,<ref>Glenn, ''Legal Traditions of the World'', 159</ref> ''[[Qiyas]]'' (kulinganisha), ''[[Ijma]]'' (kufikia muafaka) na [[yaliyokwishatokea]]. Hili hasa hupatikana katika mkusanyo wa sheria na falsafa ya kisheria inayojulikana kama [[Sharia]] na [[Fiqh]]. [[Picha:1879-Ottoman Court-from-NYL.png|thumb|left|Kesi katika [[Dola la Ottoman]], mwaka [[1879]], wakati sheria ya kidini ilitumika chini ya [[Mecelle]].]] Hadi [[karne ya 18]], Sharia ilitekelezwa kote katika [[Ulimwengu wa Kiislamu]] katika mfumo ambao haukuwa umeandikwa kwa ufasaha, huku sheria ya [[Mecelle]] ya [[Dola la Ottoman]] katika [[karne ya 19]] ilikuwa ya kwanza kuandika vipengele vya Sharia. Tangu miaka ya kati ya 1940, majaribio yamefanywa, katika nchi nyingi, kufanya sheria hizo zifanane zaidi na hali na dhana za kisasa.<ref name="AA">Anderson, ''Law Reform in the Middle East'', 43</ref><ref>Giannoulatos, ''Islam'', 274–275</ref> Katika nyakati za sasa, mifumo ya kisheria katika mataifa mengi ya Kiislamu hutegemea sheria za kiraia na sheria ya kawaida na pia sheria na tamaduni za Kiislamu. Katiba za baadhi ya nchi za Kiislamu, kama vile [[Misri]] na [[Afghanistan]], zinatambua [[Uislamu]] kama sheria ya taifa, hivyo kuyafanya mabunge katika nchi hizo yasiwe na budi kufuata Sharia.<ref>Sherif, ''Constitutions of Arab Countries'', 157–158</ref> [[Saudia]] inatambua Korani kama katiba, na inatawaliwa kwa msingi wa sheria ya Kiislamu.<ref name = Jurist>[http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/world/saudiarabia.htm Saudi Arabia] {{Wayback|url=http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/world/saudiarabia.htm |date=20060830232216 }}, Jurist</ref> [[Iran]] pia imeshuhudia kurudi kwa sheria ya Kiislamu katika mfumo wake wa kisheria baada ya mwaka [[1979]].<ref>Akhlagi, ''Iranian Commercial Law'', 127</ref> Katika miongo michache iliyopita, mojawapo ya tofauti kuu ya harakati ya [[mwamko wa Kiislamu]] imekuwa wito wa kuirejesha Sharia, wito ambao umeibua kiasi kikubwa cha maandishi na kuathiri [[siasa]] duniani.<ref name="H1">Hallaq, ''The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law'', 1</ref> == Nadharia ya sheria == === Historia ya Sheria === {{Main|Historia ya sheria}} [[Picha:Milkau Oberer Teil der Stele mit dem Text von Hammurapis Gesetzescode 369-2.jpg|thumb|Mfalme [[Hammurabi]] anaonyeshwa [[Sheria ya Hammurabi|mkusanyiko wa sheria]] na mungu wa jua wa Kimesopotamia [[Shamash]], ambaye pia anatambulika kama mungu wa haki]] Historia ya sheria inashikamana kwa karibu na [[maendeleo]] ya [[ustaarabu]]. Sheria ya [[Misri ya Kale]], iliyorudi nyuma mbali hadi mnamo [[3000 KK]], ilikuwa na mkusanyiko wa sheria ambao huenda ulikuwa umegawanjwa katika vitabu kumi na viwili. Ilizingatia dhana ya [[Ma'at]], iliyokuwa na sifa ya mapokeo, [[hotuba]] za [[kushawishi]], usawa wa kijamii na [[uaminifu]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Théodoridés|title = law | encyclopedia = Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt}}</ref><ref>VerSteeg, ''Law in ancient Egypt''</ref> Kufikia [[karne ya 22 KK]], [[mtawala]] wa zamani wa [[Wasumeri|Kisumeri]], [[Ur-Nammu]] alikuwa ameandaa [[Mkusanyiko wa sheria wa Ur-Nammu|mkusanyiko wa sheria]], ambao ulihusisha kauli za [[Mjadala|kimjadala]] ("ikiwa ... basi ..."). Kufikia mwaka wa [[1760 KK]], Mfalme [[Hammurabi]] aliboresha zaidi [[Sheria ya Babeli]], kwa kuikusanya na kujandika katika [[jiwe]] kubwa. Hammurabi aliweka nakala kadhaa za jiwe lile kote katika [[milki ya Babeli]] kama [[stelae]], ili watu wote waitazame; hii ilikuja kufahamika kama [[Mkusanyiko wa Sheria za Hammurabi]]. Nakala iliyobaki ambayo haijaharibika sana wa stelae hizi iligunduliwa katika [[karne ya 19]] na [[Waingereza]] wasomi wa mambo ya [[Assyria|milki ya Assyria]], na tangu wakati huo imenakiliwa upya na kutafsiriwa katika [[lugha]] mbalimbali, zikiwemo [[Kiingereza]], [[Kijerumani]] na [[Kifaransa]].<ref>Richardson, ''Hammurabi's Laws'', 11</ref> [[Agano la Kale]] lilianza mnamo [[1280 KK]], na linachukua umbo la [[amri]] za [[Maadili|kimaadili]] kama mapendekezo ya [[jamii]] nzuri. [[Miji-dola|Mji-dola]] wa [[Ugiriki ya Kale]], [[Atheni ya Kale]] kuanzia [[karne ya 8 KK]] ilikuwa jamii ya kwanza kuwa na msingi wake katika kuhusisha raia kwa upana; isipokuwa [[wanawake]] na daraja la [[watumwa]]. Hata hivyo, [[Atheni]] haikuwa na sayansi ya kisheria, na hapakuwa na neno la "sheria" isipokuwa kama dhana ya kiakili tu.<ref>Kelly, ''A Short History of Western Legal Theory'', 5–6</ref> Bado [[sheria ya Ugiriki wa Kale]] ilikuwa na uvumbuzi mkubwa wa [[Katiba ya Waatheni|kikatiba]] katika kuendeleza [[Demokrasia ya Atheni|demokrasia]].<ref>Ober, ''The Nature of Athenian Democracy'', 121</ref> [[Sheria ya Kirumi]] ilisukumwa sana na [[falsafa]] ya Kigiriki, lakini maelezo yake ya kina yaliendelezwa na wanasheria wa kitaaluma, na yalikuwa magumu sana.<ref>Kelly, ''A Short History of Western Legal Theory'', 39</ref><ref>Stein, ''Roman Law in European History'', 1</ref> Katika kipindi cha karne zilizopita kati ya kupanda na kushuka kwa [[Dola la Roma]], sheria imebadilishwa ili kukabiliana na hali za kijamii zilizokuwa zikibadilika, na ilikusanywa na kuandkiwa vilivyo wakati wa utawala wa [[kaisari]] [[Justinian I]].<ref name="St107">Kama mfumo wa kisheria, Sheria ya Kirumi imeathiri moja kwa moja sheria za duniani kote. Pia ni sehemu ya msingi ya mkusanyiko wa sheria wa nchi nyingi za [[Bara|barani]] [[Ulaya]], na imekuwa muhimu katika kuunda kwa dhana ya utamaduni sawa Ulaya (Stein, ''Sheria ya Kirumi katika Historia ya Ulaya'', 2, 104–107).</ref> Ingawa ilipungua kwa umuhimu mwanzoni mwa [[Karne za Kati]], Sheria ya Kirumi iligunduliwa upya wakati wa [[karne ya 11]] ambapo wasomi walianza kutafiti mkusanyiko wa sheria za Kirumi na kuyatumia mawazo yao. Katika Uingereza ya Zama za Kati, mahakimu wa Mfalme waliunda mwili wa [[utangulizi]], ambao baadaye ulijulikana kama [[sheria ya kawaida]]. ''[[Sheria ya biashara]]'' ya Ulaya mzima iliundwa ili kuwapa [[wafanyabiashara]] uwezo wa kufanya biashara kwa kutumia viwango sawa vya mazoezi; badala ya kutumia sheria za kimtaa zenye pande nyingi. Hiyo ''Lex Mercatoria'', mtangulizi wa sheria ya kisasa ya biashara, ilihimiza [[uhuru wa mkataba]] na kuwekwa mbali kwa mali.<ref>Sealey-Hooley, ''Commercial Law'', 14</ref> Kadiri [[utaifa]] ulipozidi katika [[karne za 18]] na 19, ndipo ''Lex Mercatoria'' ilipozidi kujumuishwa katika sheria za kimanispaa za nchi mbalimbali chini ya mkusanyiko mpya wa sheria za kiraia. [[Mkusanyiko wa Sheria za Napoleoni]] na sheria za [[Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch|Kijerumani]] ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa zaidi. Ikitofautishwa na sheria ya kawaida ya Uingereza, ambayo ina idadi kubwa ya sheria za kesi, mikusanyiko ya sheria katika vitabu vidogo ni rahisi kuuza nje ili mahakimu waweze kuitumia. Hata hivyo, hivi leo kuna ishara kuwa sheria ya kiraia na sheria ya kawaida zinazidi kukaribiana.<ref>Mattei, ''Comparative Law and Economics'', 71</ref> Sheria ya Umoja wa Ulaya imekusanywa katika mikataba, lakini huendelezwa kupitia utangulizi unaofanywa na [[Mahakama ya Ulaya ya Haki]]. [[Picha:Constitution of India.jpg|thumb|left|[[Katiba ya nchi ya Uhindi]] ndiyo katiba ndefu zaidi iliyoandikwa kwa nchi, ikiwa na Ibara 444, Ibara 12 ndogo, na marekebisho mengi na maneno 117,369]] [[Sheria ya Kiislamu]] na [[Fiqh|falsafa ya sheria]] zilianza katika kipindi cha Zama za Kati.<ref name="Badr">Badr, ''Islamic Law'', 187–198</ref> Mbinu ya kisheria ya utangulizi na kufikiria kupitia mlinganisho (''[[Qiyas]]'') iliyotumika katika sheria ya mapema ya Kiislamu ilifanana na na ile ya baadaye ya mfumo wa [[Sheria ya Uingereza|Sheria ya Kawaida ya Uingereza]].<ref name=Gamal>Justice Gamal Moursi Badr argues that Islamic law may "be called a [[lawyer]]'s law if common law is a [[judge]]'s law"(Badr, ''Islamic Law'', 187–198, El-Gamal, ''Islamic Finance'', 16).</ref> Hii ilitumika hasa katika shule ya [[Maliki]] ya sheria ya Kiislamu iliyopatikana sana katika eneo la Afrika Kasakazini, [[Al-Andalus|Uhispania wa Kiislamu]] na baadaye [[Sicily ya Kiemereti]]. Kati ya karne za 8 na 11, sheria ya Maliki iliendeleza [[taasisi]] nyingi zilizokuwa sambamba na taasisi za baadaye za sheria ya kawaida.<ref>The "royal English contract protected by the action of debt is identified with the Islamic ''Aqd'', the English [[assize of novel disseisin]] is identified with the Islamic ''Istihqaq'', and the English jury is identified with the Islamic ''Lafif''". Other parallels include "the [[scholastic method]], the license to teach" (''[[Ijazah]]''), the "[[law school]]s known as [[Inns of Court]] in England and ''[[Madrasah|Madrasas]]'' in Islam", and the [[Agency (law)|agency]] (''[[Hawala]]'') and [[trust law]] (''[[Waqf]]'') (Gaudiosi, ''The Influence of the Islamic Law '', 1231–1261; Makdisi, ''The Islamic Origins'', 1635–1739).</ref> Sheria ya kale ya [[Sheria ya Uhindi|Uhindi]] na [[Sheria ya uchina|Uchina]] zinawakilisha mapokeo tofauti ya sheria, na kihistoria yamekuwa na [[shule]] huru za kinadharia na mazoezi. ''[[Arthashastra]]'', ambayo pengine iliandikwa mnamo [[100]] [[BK]] (ingawa ina maandiko ya awali kidogo), na ''[[Manusmriti]]'' (100–[[300]]) yalikuwa mikataba ya uanzilishaji nchini Uhindi, na ilikuwa na maandiko yanayofikiriwa kuwa wongofu wenye mamlaka wa kisheria.<ref>For discussion of the composition and dating of these sources, see Olivelle, ''Manu's Code of Law'', 18-25.</ref> Falsafa kuu ya Manu ilikuwa kuvumiliana na [[Mfumo wa Viama Vingi (falsafa ya kisheria)|Mfumo wa Vyama Vingi]], na ilitajwa kote katika eneo la Asia ya Kusini Mashariki.<ref>Glenn, ''Legal Traditions of the World'', 276</ref> Mapokeo haya ya [[Uhindi|Kihindu]], pamoja na sheria ya Kiislamu, yalibadilishwa na na sheria ya kawaida wakati ambapo Uhindi ilifanywa kuwa sehemu ya [[Dola la Uingereza]].<ref>Glenn, ''Legal Traditions of the World'', 273</ref> [[Malaysia]], [[Brunei]], [[Singapore]] na [[Hong Kong]] pia ilianza kutumia sheria ya kawaida, Mapokeo ya sheria ya [[Asia ya Kusini]] yanaangazia mkusanyiko maalum wa ushawishi wa kidunia na kidIni.<ref>Glenn, ''Legal Traditions of the World'', 287</ref> [[Ujapani]] ilikuwa nchi ya kwanza kuufanya mfumo wake wa sheria uwe wa kisasa sambamba na ule wa nchi za magharibi, kwa kuagiza sehemu za mkusanyiko wa sheria za [[Mkusanyiko wa Sheria|Ufaransa]], lakini hasa mkusanyiko wa sheria za Kijerumani.<ref>Glenn, ''Legal Traditions of the World'', 304</ref> Hili lilionyesha kwa kiwango fulani hadhi ya Ujerumani kama nguvu yenye uwezo mkubwa zaidi katika kipindi cha mwisho cha karne ya 19. Pia, [[sheria ya mapokeo ya Uchina]] ilifungua njia kwa kubadilishwa na nchi za magharibi kuelekea miaka ya mwisho ya [[Nasaba ya Qing|nasaba ya Ch'ing]] kupitia njia ya mkusanyiko wa sheria tatu za kibinaFsi zilizokuwa na msingi katika muundo wa Ujapani wa sheria ya Ujerumani.<ref>Glenn, ''Legal Traditions of the World'', 305</ref> Leo sheria ya [[Taiwan]] inabaki na mshikamano wa karibu zaidi na mkusanyiko wa sheria kutoka kipindi hicho, kwa sababu ya mgawanyiko kati ya wanataifa wa [[Chiang Kai-shek]], ambao walitoroka kutoka sehemu hiyo, na [[wakomunisti]] wa [[Mao Zedong]] waliopata ushindi wa kudhibiti bara mnamo mwaka wa [[1949]]. Muundombinu wa sasa wa Jamhuri ya Watu wa Uchina ilishawishika pakubwa na [[Sheria ya Kisoshalisti]] ya [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]], inayopea sheria ya utawala umuhimu mwingi kuliko haki za sheria ya kibinafsi.<ref>Glenn, ''Legal Traditions of the World'', 307</ref> Kwa sababu ya kuongezeka kwa kasi kwa viwanda, leo Uchina inapitia machakato wa wa marekebisho, angalau katika nyanja ya haki za kiuchumi, ikiwa si haki za kijamii na kisiasa. Sheria mpya ya mkataba ya mwaka wa 1999 ilikuwa ishara ya kusonga mbali na kuwa na utawala mwingi.<ref>Glenn, ''Legal Traditions of the World'', 309</ref> Isitoshe, baada ya mazungumzo yaliyodumu miaka kumi na mitano, mnamo mwaka 2001 Uchina ilijiunga na [[Shirika la Biashara Duniani]].<ref>Farah, ''Five Years of China WTO Membership'', 263–304</ref> === Falsafa ya sheria === {{Main|Falsafa ya sheria}} [[Falsafa]] ya sheria kwa kawaida inaitwa jurisprudensi. Jurisprudensi unaozidi kuongezka wenyewe ni [[falsafa ya kisiasa]], na unauliza "sheria inafaa kuwa nini?", huku jurisprudensia ya uchambuzi inauliza "sheria ni nini?". Jibu la [[utumikaji|kiutumikaji]] la [[John Austin (mwanafalsafa wa kisheria)|John Austin]] linajibu kuwa sheria ni "amri, zinazoandamana na matishio ya vkwazo, kutoka kwa mtawala, ambaye watu wote wamezoea kumtii".<ref name="jap">Bix, [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/austin-john/#3 John Austin]</ref> Mawakili wa [[sheria ya kimaumbile]] kwa upande mwingine, kama vile [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]], wanadokeza kwamba sheria inaangazia sheria isiyobadilika ya tabia ya kimaumbile. Dhana ya "sheria ya kimaumbile" iliibuka katika [[falsafa ya Kigiriki]] ya zamani kwa wakati mmoja na kwa pamoja na dhana ya haki, na iliingia mkondo wa [[utamaduni wa Magharibi]] kupitia maandiko ya [[Thomas Aquinas]] na maoni ya [[Falsafa ya mapema ya Kiislamu|mwanafalsafa wa Kiislamu]] na mwanasheria [[Averroes]].<ref>Roeber, ''What the Law Requires'', 887</ref><ref>Stone, ''Human Law and Human Justice'', 14, 51</ref> [[Hugo Grotius]], mwanzilishi wa mfumo uliotegemea dhana za kiakili pekee ya sheria ya kimaumbile, alidokeza kuwa sheria inatokana na msukumo wa kijamii—jinsi Aristotle alivyokuwa amesema—na kufikiria.<ref>[[Fritz Berolzheimer]], ''The World's Legal Philosophies'', 115–116</ref> [[Immanuel Kant]] aliamini kuwa amri ya kimaadili inahitaji sheria "zichaguliwe kana kwamba zinafaa kushikilia kama sheria za ilimwenguni kote za kimaumbile".<ref>[[Immanuel Kant|Kant, Immanuel]], ''Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals'', 42 (par. 434)</ref> [[Jeremy Bentham]] na mwanafunzi wake Austin, wakimfuata [[David Hume]], waliamini kuwa hili liliongeza utata wa [[Utata wa kilicho-na kinachofaa kuwepo|"kilicho" na kile ambacho "kinafaa kuwepo"]]. Bentham na Austin walisisitiza kuwe na sheria ya [[Uchanya wa sheria|uchanya]]; na kuwa sheria ya kweli ni tofauti kabisa na "maadili".<ref>Green, [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/legal-positivism/ Legal Positivism]</ref> Kant pia alikosolewa na [[Friedrich Nietzsche]], ambaye alikataa kanuni ya usawa, huku akiamini kuwa sheria hutokana na [[nia kwa nguvu]], na haiwezi fanywa kuwa ya "kimaadili" au "utovu wa nidhamu".<ref>Nietzsche, ''Zur Genealogie der Moral'', Second Essay, 11</ref><ref>Kazantzakis, ''Friedrich Nietzsche and the Philosophy of Law'', 97–98</ref><ref>Linarelli, ''Nietzsche in Law's Cathedral'', 23–26</ref> Mnamo mwaka wa 1934, mwanafalsafa wa Kiaustria, [[Hans Kelsen]], alizidi na mapokeo ya uchanya katika kitabu chake ''[[Nadharia Safi ya Sheria]]''.<ref>Marmor, [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/lawphil-theory/ The Pure Theory of Law]</ref> Kelsen aliamini kuwa ingawa sheria ni tofauti na maadili, inapewa "ukawaida"; kumaanisha kuwa tunfaa kuitii. Ingawa sheria ni taarfa chanya za "ni" (k.m. faini ya kuendesha kwa kurudi nyuma katika barabara kuu ''ni'' [[Euro|€]]500); hii sheria inatuelezea kile "tunachofaa" kutenda. Kwa hivyo kila mfumo wa sheria unaweza kudadisiwa kuwa na kanuni ya msingi (''[[Grundnorm]]'') ianyotupea amri ya kutii. Mpinzani mkuu wa Kelsen, [[Carl Schmitt]], alikataa uchanya na dhana ya [[utawala wa sheria]] kwa sababu hakukubali umuhimu wa kanuni za kidhana za Uchanya badala ya mitazamo na uamuzi bayana wa kisiasa.<ref name=">Bielefeldt, ''Carl Schmitt's Critique of Liberalism'', 25–26</ref> Kwa hiyo, Schmitt alipendekeza falsafa ya sheria ya maalum ([[hali ya dharura]]), ambayo ilikanusha kuwa kanuni za kisheria zingezunguka uzoefu wote wa kisiasa.<ref name="F171">Finn, ''Constitutions in Crisis'', 170–171</ref> [[Picha:Jeremy Bentham by Henry William Pickersgill detail.jpg|thumb|Nadharia za Bentham za utumikiaji zilibaki kimya katika sheria hadi karne ya 20]] Baadaye katika karne ya 20, [[H. L. A. Hart]] alimshambulia Austin kwa kurahisisha kwake kwa suala hilo na Kelsen kwa kutunga kwake kwa mambo ya kihadithi katika kitabu cha ''[[Dhana ya Sheria]]''.<ref>Bayles, ''Hart's Legal Philosophy'', 21</ref> Hart alidokeza kuwa sheria ni mfumo wa kanuni, zilizogawanywa kuwa (kanuni za maadili) ambazo ndizo za kimsingi na sheria za upili (zinazowalenga maafisa kusimamia kanuni msingi). Kanuni za upili zimegawanywa zaidi kuwa sheria za uamuzi (kutatua migogoro ya kisheria), kanuni za mabadiliko (zinazoruhusu sheria kuwa tofauti) na sheria ya utambuzi(inayoruhusu sheria kutambulika kama halali). Wawili kati ya wanafunzi wa Hart waliendeleza mjadala: Ktaika kitabu chake ''Dola la Sheria'', [[Ronald Dworkin]] alimshabulia Hart na wachanya kwa kukataa kwao la kufanya sheria iwe suala la kimaadili. Dworkin anadokeza kuwa sheria ni dhana ya "[[utafsirishaji (sheria)|kitafsiri]]",<ref>Dworkin, ''Law's Empire'', 410</ref> inayowataka mahakimu kupata suluhisho bora zaidi kwa mgogoro wa kisheria, kwa mujibu wa mila zao. [[Joseph Raz]], kwa upande mwingine, anawataka alitetea mtazamo wa kichanya na kukosoa mtazamo wa Hart wa "nadharia laini ya kijamii" katika kitabu chake ''Mamlaka ya Sheria''.<ref name="jra">Raz, ''The Authority of Law'', 3–36</ref> Raz anadokeza kuwa sheria ni mamlaka, yanayotambulika kupitia vyanzo vya kijamii na bila kurejelea hoja za kimaadili. Katika maoni yake, uainishaji wowote wa kanuni zozote zaidi ya majukumu yao kama vifaa vya kimamlaka katika upatanisha ni bora yaachiwe [[elimu ya jamii]], badala ya falsafa ya sheria.<ref>Raz, ''The Authority of Law'', 37 etc.</ref> === Uchambuzi wa kiuchumi wa sheria === {{Main|Sheria na uchumi}} Katika karne ya 18 [[Adam Smith]] aliwasilisha msingi wa kifalsafa wa kuelezea uhusiano kati ya sheria na uchumi.<ref>According to Malloy (''Law and Economics'', 114), Smith established "a classical liberal philosophy that made individuals the key referential sign while acknowledging that we live not alone but in community with others".</ref> Taaluma hiyo ilitokana na mchango wa ukosoaji dhidi ya vyama vya wafanyikazi na [[sheria dhidi ya amana]] nchini Marekani. Watetezi wa taaluma hii waliokuwa na ushawishi mkubwa zaidi, kama vile [[Richard Posner]] na [[Oliver E. Williamson|Oliver Williamson]] na kinachojulikana kama [[Shule ya Chicago (uchumi)|Shule ya Chicago]] ya wanauchumi na mawakili ikiwemo [[Milton Friedman]] na [[Gary Becker]], kwa jumla ni watetezi wa [[uouguzaji wa udhibiti]] na [[ubinafsishaji]], na ni maadui wa udhibiti wa serikali au kile wanachokiona kuwa vikwazo dhidi ya unedeshaji wa ma[[soko huru]].<ref>Jakoby, ''Economic Ideas and the Labour Market'', 53</ref> [[Picha:Richard-A-Posner.jpg|thumb|left|[[Richard Posner]], mmoja wa watetezi wa [[Chuo cha Chicago (uchumi)|Chuo cha Chicago]], huandika blogu pamoja na [[Gary Becker]] mwanauchumi ambaye ni mshindi wa [[Tuzo la Benki ya Uswidi]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.becker-posner-blog.com/ |title=The Becker-Posner Blog |accessdate=2007-02-03 |archive-date=2011-02-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110223220214/http://www.becker-posner-blog.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>]] Mchambuzi maarufu zaidi wa kiuchumi wa sheria ni mshindi wa [[Tujo la Nobel la Uchumi|Tuzo la Nobel]] la mnamo 1991 [[Ronald Coase]], ambaye makala yake makuu ya kwanza, ''[[Hali ya Kampuni]]'' (1937), kulidokeza sababu za kuwepo kwa makampuni mbalimbali (makampuni, ubia, n.k.) ndiyo kuwepo kwa [[gharama za biashara]].<ref>Coase, ''The Nature of the Firm'', 386–405</ref> [[Homo economicus|Binadamu ambao hufikiria kawaida]] hufanya biashara kupitia mikataba ya bilaterala katika masoko wazi hadi wakati ambapo gharama ya biashara kunamaanisha kuwa kutumia makampuni ya kihalmasahhuri ili kuzalisha bidha ni ya ufanisi mwingi zaidi.Makala yake makuu ya pili, ''[[Shida ya Gharama ya Kijamii]]'' (1960), yalidokeza kuwa tunaishi katika Dunia bila gharama za kibiashara, watu ambao [[kuongea kuhusu gharama|huongea kuhusu gharama]] pamoja wanatengeneza mgao sawa wa rasilimali, buila kujali jinsi mahakama yanavyoweza kuamua katika migogoro kuhusu mali.<ref>Coase, ''The Problem of Social Cost'', 1–44</ref> Coase alitumia mfano wa kesi ya [[kero]] iliyoitwa ''[[Sturges dhidi ya Bridgman]]'', ambapo mtengenezaji peremende ambaye alipiga kelele nyingi na daktari mtulivu walikuwa majirani na walienda mahakamani ili wajue nani kati yao ndiye angefa kuhama.<ref name="Sturges"/> Coase alisema kuwa bila kujali ikiwa hakimu aliamua kuwa mtengenezaji peremende angefaa kuwacha kutumia mashine zake, au ikiwa ingembidi daktari kuvumilia kelele ile, wote wawili wangefikia mapatano ya pamoja kuhusu nani ndiye angefaa kuhama ambayo yanafikia matokeo sawa na mgawanyo wa rasilimali. Ni kuwepo tu kwa [[bei za biashara]] kunaoweza kuzuia hili.<ref>Coase, ''The Problem of Social Cost'', IV, 7</ref> Kwa hivyo sheria infaa kutazamia kile ambacho ''huenda kikafanyika'', na kuongozwa na ufumbuzi wenye [[ufanisi (uchumi)|ufanisi]]. Wenye kuunda mipango serikalini wanaamini wazo kwamba sheria na vikwazo si muhimu au zenye ufanisi katika kuwasaidia watu.<ref>Coase, ''The Problem of Social Cost'', V, 9</ref> Coase na wengine kama yeye walitaka mabadiliko ya mbinu, ili kuweka mzigo wa ushahidi katika serikali iliyokuwa ikiingilia soko, kwa kuchambua gharama za hatua.<ref>Coase, ''The Problem of Social Cost'', VIII, 23</ref> === Elimujamii ya sheria === {{Main|Elimujamii ya sheria}} Somo la kijamii la sheria ni taaluma pana ya masomo inayotazama mwingiliano kati ya sheria na jamii na inahusiana kwa karibu na falsafa ya sheria, uchambuzi wa kiuchumi wa sheria na masomo maalum zaidi kama [[somo la jinai]].<ref name="Jary">Jary, ''Collins Dictionary of Sociology'', 636</ref> Taasisi za [[ujenzi wa jamii]] na mifumo ya kisheria ni maeneo muhimu ya uchunguzi wa taaluma hii. Mwanzoni, wananadharia wa kisheria walishuku taaluma hii. Kelesen alimshambuliwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wake, [[Eugen Ehrlich]], ambaye alitaka kuweka wazi tofauti kati ya sheria ya uchanya, ambayo mawakili wanajifunza na kutumia, na aina zingine za 'sheria' au kanuni za kijamii zinazodhibiti maisha ya kila siku, na kwa jumla kuzuiwa migogoro isiwafikie mawakili mahakamani.<ref>Rottleuthner, ''La Sociologie du Droit en Allemagne'', 109</ref><ref>Rottleuthner, ''Rechtstheoritische Probleme der Sociologie des Rechts'', 521</ref> [[Picha:Max Weber 1917.jpg|thumb|left|[[Max Weber]] mnamo mwaka wa 1917, Weber alianza kazi yake kama wakili, na antazamwa kama mmoja wa waanzilishi wa somo la jamii na somo la jamii la kisheria]] Katika kipindi cha mwaka 1900 [[Max Weber]] alifafanua mbinu yake ya "kisayansi" ya sheria, huku akitambua "umbo la kimantiki ya sheria" kama aina ya utawala, ambao si chanzo cha watu lakini kwa dhana za kiakili.<ref>Rheinstein, ''Max Weber on Law and Economy in Society'', 336</ref> [[Mamalaka ya kimantiki ya sheria|Umantiki wa kisheria]] yalikuwa maneno yake aliyoyatumia kuelezea mwili wa sheria zinazoeleweka na zinazoweza kuhesabika na zilikuwa hatua ya kwanza ya maendeleo ya kisasa ya kisiasa na taifa la ukiritimba la kisasa na kuibuka sambamba na [[ubepari]].<ref name="Jary"/> Msomi mwingine wa somo la jamii, [[Émile Durkheim]], aliandika katika ''Mgawanyo wa Ujira na Jamii'' kuwa kadiri jamii inavyozidi kuwa kubwa, ndivyo mwili wa sheria ya kiraia unaohusika hasa na fidia unapozidi kukuwa kwa gharama ya sheria za jinai na vikwazo vya kisheria.<ref>Johnson, ''The Blackwell Dictionary of Sociology, 156</ref> Wasomi wengine wa somo la jamii ni [[Hugo Sinzheimer]], [[Theodor Geiger]], [[Georges Gurvitch]] na [[Leon Petrażycki]] Barani Ulaya, na [[William Graham Sumner]] nchini Marekani<ref>Gurvitch, ''Sociology of Law'', 142</ref><ref>Papachristou, ''Sociology of Law'', 81–82</ref> == Taasisi za kisheria == Sheria si mwili wa kanuni zisizobadilika bali ni "machakato badilifu wa kanuni zinazobadilishwa kila wakati, kuundwa, na kupewa umbo ili kuambatana na hali fulani."<ref>Hamilton and Spiro, ''The Dynamics of Law'', 3</ref> Mabadiliko yanafanywa kila wakati na taasisi mbalimbali katika jamii. Taasisi kuu za sheria katika [[Demokrasia huru]] ni [[Mahakama huru]], [[Haki ya jinai|mifumo ya haki]], [[bunge]], serikali yenye [[uwajibikaji]], na ukiritimba wenye uwezo na usiokuwa na ufisadi , kiksoi cha polisi, [[kudhibitiwa kwa jeshi na raia]] na taaluma ya kisheria yenye nguvu inayohakikisha watu wanapta haki na jamii ya kiraia mbalimbali—neno linalotumika kuashiria taasisi za kijamii, jamii na ushirikiano unaunda msingi wa kisiasa wa sheria.<ref>Jakobs, ''Pursuing Equal Opportunities'', 5–6</ref><ref>Karkatsoulis, ''The State in Transition'', 275 etc.</ref> John Locke, katika ''[[Maandiko Mawili kuhusu Serikali]]'', na [[Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu|Baron de Montesquieu]] katika ''[[Roho ya Sheria]]'', walitetea [[mgawanyo wa madaraka]] kati ya miili ya kisiasa ya bunge na serikali.<ref>[[Montesquieu]], ''The Spirit of Laws'', [http://www.constitution.org/cm/sol_11.htm#006 Book XI: Of the Laws Which Establish Political Liberty, with Regard to the Constitution, Chapters 6–7]</ref> Kanuni yao ilikuwa kuwa hakuna mtu anayefaa kuwa na uwezo wa kuchukua mamlaka yote ya [[Taifa huru|taifa]], ikitofautishwa na nadharia ya [[uimla]] ya [[Thomas Hobbes]]' ''[[Leviathan (book)|Leviathan]]''.<ref name="H17">Thomas Hobbes, ''Leviathan'', [https://carvercantin.com/thomas-hobbes-leviathan-xvii/ XVII]</ref> [[Max Weber]] na wengine walibadilisha mawazo kuhusu taifa. Jeshi la kisasa, upolisi na mamalaka ya ukiritimba juu ya masiha ya raia wa kawaida husababisha matatizo maalum ya uwajibikaji ambayo waandishi wa awali kama vile Locke au Montesquieu hawangeweza kutabiri. Mashirika ya kisasa ya kimataifa huzingatia umuhimu wa utawala wa sheria na [[utawala mzuri]], huku waandishi wengine hutafiti uhsusiano kati ya utawala wa sheria na utawala wa ufanisi katika nchi za kisasa.<ref>Curtin–Wessel, ''Good Governance'', 73</ref><ref>Fukuyama, ''State-Building'', 132</ref> === Mahakama === {{Main|Mahakama}} Mahakama ni idadi ya [[mahakimu]] wanaosikiza migogoro ili kuamua matokeo. Nchi nyingi zina mfumo wa mahakama ya [[rufaa]], yanayojibu kwa mamlaka makuu ya kisheria. Nchini Marekani haya ni [[Mahakama Kuu ya Marekani]];<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20000711024627/http://www.supremecourtus.gov/about/briefoverview.pdf A Brief Overview of the Supreme Court], Supreme Court of the United States</ref> nchini Australia, [[Mahakama Kuu ya Australia]]; nchini Uingereza , ni [[Mahakama Kuu ya Uingereza]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.supremecourt.gov.uk/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2010-01-15 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091016151227/http://www.supremecourt.gov.uk/ |archivedate=2009-10-16 }}</ref> (tangu tarehe1 Oktoba 2009; hapo awali yalikuwa, [[Nyumba ya Mabwana]]);<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20000711024627/http://www.supremecourtus.gov/about/briefoverview.pdf House of Lords Judgements], House of Lords</ref> nchini Ujerumani ni ''[[Bundesverfassungsgericht]]''; nchini Ufaransa ni ''[[Cour de cassation (Ufaransa)|Cour de Cassation]]''.<ref>[http://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/entscheidungen.html Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/entscheidungen.html |date=20061121164330 }}, Bundesverfassungsgericht</ref><ref>[http://www.courdecassation.fr/jurisprudence_publications_documentation_2/ Jurisprudence, publications, documentation] {{Wayback|url=http://www.courdecassation.fr/jurisprudence_publications_documentation_2/ |date=20070209144055 }}, Cour de cassation</ref> Kwa nchi nyingi za Ulaya Mahakama ya Ulaya ya Haki nchini Luxembourg inaweza kuukataa umauzi wa kitaifa, wakati ambapo sheria ya Umoja wa Ulaya inafaa. Mahakama ya Ulaya ya Haki za Kibinadamu inayopatikana Strasbourg inawaruhusu raia wa nchi wanachama za [[Baraza la Ulaya]] kuleta kesi zao zinzohusiana na haki za kibinadamu mbele yake.<ref>Goldhaber, ''European Court of Human Rights'', 1–2</ref> Baadhi ya nchi huruhusu mamlaka yao makuu ya mahakama kukataa sheria wanayopata kuwa [[kinyume na katiba]]. Katika kesi ya ''[[Roe dhidi ya Wade]]'', Mahakama Kuu ya Marekani ilipindua sheria ya jimbo la Texas iliyopiga marufuku kutoa msaada kwa wanawake wenye nia ya [[Kuavya mimba]].<ref>''[[Roe v Wade]]'' (1973) [http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=CASE&court=US&vol=410&page=113 410 U.S. 113] Retrieved 2007-01-26</ref> [[Marekebisho ya Kumi na Nne ya Katiba ya Marekani|Marekebisho ya Kumi na Nne]] ya katiba ya Marekani yalikuwa yametafsiriwa kuwapa ya [[faragha]], na kwa hivyo haki ya mwanamke kuchagua kuavya mimba. Mahakama kinadharia yamefundwa na katiba, kama tu miili ya bunge. Katika nchi nyingi, mahakimu wana uwezo tu wa [[utafsiri (sheria)|kutafsiri]] katiba na sheria zingine zote. Lakini katika nchi zasheria ya kawaida, ambapo mambo si ya kikatiba, mahakama pia yanweza kuunda sheria chini ya [[mafundisho ya utangulizi]]. Uingereza, Finland na New Zealand hutumia dhana ya [[uhuru wa bunge]], ambapo mahakama ambayo hayajachaguliwa hayawezi kupindua sheria iliyopitishwa na bunge la kidemokrasia.<ref>Dicey, ''Law of the Constitution'', 37–82</ref> Katika [[Ukomiunisti|nchi za kikomiunisti]], kama vile Uchina, mahakama mara nyingi hutazamwa kama sehemu ya serikali, au kuwa chini ya bunge; taasisi za kiserikali na watendaji mbalimbali basi wana ushawishi tofauti kwa mahakama.<ref>E.g., the court president is a political appointee (Jensen–Heller, ''Introduction'', 11–12). About the notion of "judicial independence" in China, see Findlay, ''Judiciary in the PRC'', 282–284</ref> Katika nchi za Kiislamu, mahakama mara nyingi huchunguza ikiwa sheria za nchi zinafuata Sharia: [[Mahakama Kuu ya Kikatiba ya Misri]] inaweza kuoinga sheria kama hizo,<ref name="ReferenceA">Sherif, ''Constitutions of Arab Countries'', 158</ref> Na nchini Iran [[Baraza la Ulinzi]] linahakikisha uwiano wa sheria zinazopitishwa na "vigezo vya Uislamu".<ref name="ReferenceA"/><ref>Rasekh, ''Islamism and Republicanism'', 115–116</ref> === Bunge === {{Main|Bunge}} [[Picha:European-parliament-brussels-inside.JPG|thumb|Chumba cha mjadala cha [[Bunge la Ulaya]]]] Mifano maarufu ya bunge ni [[Majumba ya Bunge]] mjini London, [[Bunge la Marekani|Kongresi]] mjini Washingtin D.C., [[Bundestag]] mjini Berlin na [[Duma]] nchini Moscow, [[Bunge la Italia|Parlamento Italiano]] mjini Roma na [[Bunge la Ufaransa|''Assemblée nationale'']] mjini Paris. Kwa kanuni ya serikali wakilishi watu hupigia kura wanasiasa ili watimize ''matakwa'' yao. Ingawa nchi kama Israeli, Ugiriki, Uswidi na Uchina zina [[nyumba moja ya bunge]], nchi nyingi zina [[nyumba mbili za bunge]], kumaanisha kuwa zina nyumba mbili za kibunge zinazochaguliwa tofauti. Katika 'nyumba ya chini' wanasiasa wanachaguliwa kuwakilisha [[Eneo wakilishi bungeni|maeneo wakilishi bungeni]]. 'Nymba ya juu' kawaida huchaguliwa kuwakilisha majimbo katika mfumo wa [[Jamhuri ya majimbo|majimbo]] (kama vile nchii Australia, Ujerumani au Marekani) au upigaji kura tofauti katika katika mfumo wa umoja (kama vile nchini Ufaransa). Nchini Uingereza nyumba ya juu inachaguliwa na na serikali kama [[Nyumba ya mabwana|nyumba ya marudio]]. Ukosoaji mmoja wa mifumo yenye nyumba mbili yenye nyumba mbili zilizochaguliwa ni kuwa nyumba ya juu na ya chini huenda zikafanana. Utetezi wa tangu jadi wa mifumo ya nyumba mbili nni kuwa chumba cha juu huwa kama nyumba ya marekebisho. Hili linaweza kupunguza uonevu na dhuluma katika hatua ya kiserikali'', 101</ref> Ili kupitisha sheria, idadi kubwa ya [[Wabunge]] lazima [[wapige kura]] ili [[muswada (sheria inayopendekezwa)]] upitishwe katika kila nyumba. Kawaida kutakuwa na kusoma kwingi na marekebesho mengi yaliyopendekezwa na makundi tofaiti ya kisiasa. Ikiwa nchi ina katiba inayofuatiliwa vyema, idadi maalum ya mabadiliko katika katiba yanahitajika, hivyo kufanya iwe gumu kubadilisha sheria. Serikali kwa kawaida huongoza mchakato huo, ambao unaweza kujumuisha [[Wabunge]] (k.m. nchini Uingereza na Ujerumani). Lakini katika mfumo wa kiraisi, serikali inachagua [[Baraza la mawaziri (serikali)|baraza la mawaziri]] kutawala kutoka kwa washirika wake [[kisiasa]] ikiwa wamechaguliwa au la (k.m. nchini Marekani au Brazili), na jukumu la bunge linapunguza liwe [[kukubali]] au [[kukataa]].<ref>About "cabinet accountability" in both presidential and parliamentary systems, see Shugart–Haggard, ''Presidential Systems'', 67 etc.</ref> === Serikali === {{Main|Serikali}} [[Picha:Dmitry Medvedev 2 April 2009-1.jpg|right|thumb| Mikutano ya [[G20]] inahusisha wawakilishi wa serikali ya kila nchi]] Mtendaji katika mfumo wa kisheria hutumika kama kituo cha [[serikali]] cha [[mamlaka]] ya kisiasa. Katika [[mfumo wa kibunge]], kama vile nchini Uingereza, Italia, Ujerumani na Ujapani, mtendaji hujulikana kama [[Baraza (serikali)|serikali]], na huwa na wanachama wa bunge. Mtendaji huchaguliwa na [[Waziri Mkuu]] au [[Chansela]], ambaye ofisi yake ina nguvu za chini ya [[Kura ya kutokuwa na imani|imani]] ya bunge. Kwa sababu uchaguzi wenye watu wengi huteua vyama vya kisiasa kutawala, kiongozi a chama anaweza kubadilika katika kipindi kabla ya uchaguzi mwingine. [[Mkuu wa Taifa]] ni kando na mtendaji, na kimfano hupitisha sheria na huwa kama mwakilishi wa nchi. Baadhi ya mifano ni [[Rais wa Ujerumani]] (anayeapishwa na Bunge); [[Malkia wa Uingereza]] (wadhifa wa [[kurithi]]), na [[Rais wa Austria]] (anachaguliwa kwa kura ya wengi). Mfano mwingine muhimu ni [[mfumo wa kirais]], unaopatikana nchini Ufaransa, Marekani na Urusi. Katika mifumo ya kirais, mtrndaji huwa kama mkuu wa taifa na mkuu wa serikali, na ana nguvu za kuchagua baraza la mawaziri pekee yake. Chini ya mfumo wa kirais, tawi la mtendaji ni kando na bunge ambapo haiwajibiki mbele ya bunge.<ref>Haggard, ''Presidents, Parliaments and Policy'', 71</ref><ref>Olson, ''The New Parliaments of Central and Eastern Europe'', 7</ref> Ingawa jukumu la mtendaji ni tofauti toka nchi moja hado nyingine, kawaida itapendekeza wingi wa sheria, na kupendekeza ajenda ya serikali. Katika mifumo ya kirais, mtendaji mara nyingi ana nguvu za kukataa sheria. Mara nyingi mtendaji katika mifumo yote ana wajibu wa [[sera za mahusiano ya nje]], jeshi na polisi na urasimu. [[Mawaziri]] au maafisa wengine wanasimamia ofisi za nchi, kama vile [[Waziri wa nje|wizara ya nje]] au [[Waziri wa ndani|wizara ya ndani]]. Uchaguzi wa mtendaji tofauti kwa hivyo ina uwezo wa kupindua mtazamo wa nchi nzima wa serikali. === Jeshi na polisi === {{Main|Jeshi|Polisi}} [[Picha:US Customs and Border Protection officers.jpg|thumb|Maafisa wa [[Marekani wa Forodha na Ulinzi wa Mipaka]]]] Ingawa mashirika ya kijeshi yamekuwepo kwa muda mrefu kama serikali yenyewe, dhana la kikosi cha polisi kilicho tayari ni dhana ya kisasa. Mfumo wa [[Uingereza ya Zama za Kati]] ya [[mahakama ya jinai]] ya kusafiri, au [[Mahakama ya assize|assize]], ilitumia [[kesi za maonyesho]] na unyongaji hadharani kufanya jamii ziwe na hofu na hivyo kudumisha udhibiti.<ref>See, eg ''[[Tuberville v Savage]]'' (1669), 1 Mod. Rep. 3, 86 Eng. Rep. 684, where a knight said in a threatening tone to a layman, "If it were not assize time, I would not take such language from you."</ref> Polisi wa kwanza wa kisasa pengine walikuwa wale wa Paris wa karne ya 17, katika mahakama ya [[Louis XIV wa Ufaransa|Louis XIV]],<ref>[http://www.history.com/encyclopedia.do?articleId=219522 History of Police Forces], History.com Encyclopedia</ref> ingawa Polisi wa Mkoa wa Paris ndio wanadai kuwa wao ndio waliokuwa wa kwanza kuvaa sare.<ref>[http://www.prefecture-police-paris.interieur.gouv.fr/documentation/bicentenaire/theme_expo4.htm Des Sergents de Ville et Gardiens de la Paix à la Police de Proximité] {{Wayback|url=http://www.prefecture-police-paris.interieur.gouv.fr/documentation/bicentenaire/theme_expo4.htm |date=20080506215949 }}, La Préfecture de Police</ref> Weber yu maarufu kwa kudokeza kwamba taifa ni lile ambalo linadhibiti kihalali utumizi wa kipekee wa vurugu.<ref name="mwp154">Weber, [[s:Politics as a Vocation|Politics as a Vocation]]</ref><ref>Weber, ''The Theory of Social and Economic Organisation'', 154</ref> Majeshi na askari wanalinda usalama kufuatana na amri ya serikali au mahakama. Maneno [[taifa lililopangarayika]] yanaashiria taifa ambalo haliwezi kutekeleza au kulazimisha sera; askari wao na majeshi hawana uwezo wa kulinda usalama na amani na jamii inaelekea [[vurugu pekee]], wakati serikali inapokosekana.<ref>In these cases sovereignty is eroded, and often warlords acquire excessive powers (Fukuyama, ''State-Building'', 166–167).</ref> === Urasimu === {{Main|Urasimu}} [[Picha:UN Headquarters 2.jpg|thumb| Makao makuu ya [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] mjini New York yana watumishi wa kiserikali wanaotoa huduma kwa mataifa wanachama 192 ya shirika hilo.]] Asili ya neno "Urasimu" kwa Kiingereza (bureaucracy) ni neno la Kifaransa la "ofisi" (''bureau'') na neno la [[Kigiriki cha Zamani]] cha "nguvu" (''kratos'').<ref>[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=bureaucracy&searchmode Bureaucracy], Online Etymology Dictionary</ref> Kama tu wanajeshi na polisi, watumishi wa mfumo wa kisheria wa serikali na miili inayounda urasimu wake hufuata maagizo ya Mtendaji. Mojawapo ya marejeo kwa dhana yalifanywa [[Friedrich Melchior, baron von Grimm|Baron de Grimm]], mwandishi wa Kijerumani aliyeishi nchini Ufaransa. Mnamo mwaka wa 1765 aliandika, <blockquote>Roho halisi ya sheria nchini Ufaransa ni urasimu amabo marehemu Monsieur de Gournay alikuwa akilalamika sana kuhusu; hapa ofisi, makarani, makatibu, wasimamizi na ''wanaonuia kufanya kazi fulani'' hawaapishwi kufaidi maslahi ya umma, kwa hakika maslahi ya ummayanaonekana kuanzishwa ili ofisi hizo ziwepo.<ref>Albrow, ''Bureaucracy'', 16</ref></blockquote> Wasiwasi kuhusu "utawala wa kiofisi" bado ni kawaida, na utendaji wa watumishi wa umma kawaida hutofautishwa na wa [[kampuni za kibinafsi]] zinazoendeshwa na lengo la [[faida]].<ref>Mises, ''Bureaucracy'', II, [http://www.mises.org/etexts/mises/bureaucracy/section2.asp Bureaucratic Management]</ref> Kwa kweli kampuni za kibinafsi, hasa zile kubwa, pia zina urasimu.<ref name="K367">Kettl, ''Public Bureaucracies'', 367</ref> Mtazamo mbaya wa "[[urasimu]]" kando, huduma za umma kama vile elimu, afya na shughuli za polisi au [[uchukuzi wa umma]] ni kazi muhimu nchi hivyo basi kufanya urasimu wa umma chanzo cha nguvu za serikali.<ref name="K367" /> Akiandika mapema katika karne ya 20, Max Weber aliamini kuwa sifa muhimu ya nchi iliyoendelea ilikuwa imekuwa msaada wake wa kirasimu.<ref name="mwp393">Weber, ''Economy and Society'', I, 393</ref> Weber aliandika kuwa sifa za kawaida za urasimu wa kisasa ni kuwa maafisa wanafafanua lengo lake, wigo wa kazi umefungwa na kanuni, usimamizi unajumuisha wataalamu wa wataalamu wa kitaaluma, amabo ambao husimamia kuanzia juu kuenda chini, wakiwasiliana kupitia kuandika na kufunga uwezo wa wafanyikazi wa umma kufanya watakavyo kwa kutumia kanuni.<ref>Kettl, ''Public Bureaucracies'', 371</ref> === Taaluma ya sheria === {{Main|Taaluma ya sheria}} [[Picha:Quentin_Massys_-_Portrait_of_a_Man_-_National_Gallery_of_Scotland.jpg|thumb|Katika mifumo ya sheria ya kiraia kama ile ya Ufaransa, Ujerumani, Italia, Uhispania na Ugiriki, kuna aina maalum ya [[Karani wa sheria ya kiraia]], afisaa wa umma mwenye ufunzi wa kisheria, anayelipwa fidia na wanaofanya biasharaa.<ref>Hazard–Dondi, ''Legal Ethics'', 22</ref> Hii ni picha ya karne ya 16 ya karani wa sheria ya kiraia kama huyo ya mchoraji wa Kiflemi [[Quentin Massys]].]] Hitimisho la utawala wa sheria ni kuwepo kwa taaluma ya kisheria yenye uhuru wa kutosha wa kuweza kuomba mamlaka ya mahakama huru; haki ya usaidizi kusaidiwa na [[wakili]] mahakamani uanatokana na hitimisho hili—nchini Uingereza kazi ya wakili inatofautishwa na ile ya mshauri wa kisheria.<ref>Hazard–Dondi, ''Legal Ethics'', 1</ref> Kama mahakama ya Ulaya ya Haki za Binadamu yanavyosema, sheria inafaa kupatikana na kila mtu na waty wanfaa kutabiri jinsi sheria itakavyowaathiri.<ref>''[[The Sunday Times v The United Kingdom]]'' [1979] [http://www.worldlii.org/eu/cases/ECHR/1979/1.html ECHR 1 at 49] {{Wayback|url=http://www.worldlii.org/eu/cases/ECHR/1979/1.html |date=20060916131454 }} Case no. 6538/74</ref> Ili kudumisha utaaluma, [[zoezi la sheria]] kawaida linachungwa na serikali au mwili huru kama vile [[chama cha mawikili]], [[baraza la mawakili]] au [[jamii ya sheria]]. Mawakili wa kisasa wanapata utambulisho maalum wa kisheria kupitia taratibu maalum za kisheria (k.m. mafanikio katika mitihani), yanahitajika na sheria ili kuwa na cheti maalum (elimi ya kisheria inayompa mwanafunzi [[Shahada ya Sheria]], [[Shahada ya Sgeria ya Kiraia]], au [[Shahada]] ya [[Juris Doctor]]<ref>Higher academic degrees may also be pursued. Examples include a [[Master of Laws]], a [[Master of Legal Studies]] or a [[Doctor of Laws]].</ref>), na zinawekwa ofisini kwa kutumia fomu za kisheria za kuapishwa ([[kukubaliwa katika baraza la mawakili]]). Nchi nyingi za Kiisalmu zina sheria sawa kuhusu elimu ya kisheria na taaluma ya kisheria, lakini zingine bado zinaruhusu mawakili wenye mafunzo katika sheria ya Kiislamu ya jadi katika taaaluma ua sheria katika mahakama ya hadhi ya kibinasfi.<ref>Ahamd, [https://web.archive.org/web/20081001195205/http://www.macalester.edu/~ahmad/Lawyers.pdf Lawyers: Islamic Law]</ref> Nchini Uchina na katika nchi zingine za ulimwengu unaoendelea hakuna watu wa kutosha wenye mafunzo ya kisheria kufanya kazi katika mifumo ya mahakama iliyopo katika nchi hizo, na, kufuatana na hilo, viwango rasmi si vikali sana.<ref>Hazard–Dondi, ''Legal Ethics'', 22–23</ref> Baada ya kupata kukubalika, wakili mara nyingi atafanya kazi katika [[kampuni ya sheria]], katika [[vyumba (sheria)|vyumba]] kama wakili wa kipekee, katika wadhifa wa kiserikali au katika shirika la kibinafsi kama [[mshauri]] wa ndani. Isitoshe wakili anaweza kuwa [[|utafiti wa kisheria|mtafiti wa kisheria]] anayepeana uatafiti wa kisheria unapoitishwa kupitia maktaba, huduma ya kibiashara au kazi isiyokuwa na muajiri mmoja. Watu wengi wenye mafunzo katika sheria walitumia utafiti wao katika taaluma nyingine tofauti kabisa. Adhimu kwa zoezi la sheria katika mapokeo ya sheria ya kawaida ni utafiti wa kisheria kujua hali ya wakati wa sasa wa sheria. Hili linahushisha kuchunguza [[ripoti za sheria|ripoti za kesi]], [[majarida ya kisheria]] na sheria. Zoezi la sheria pia inahusu kuandika hati kama vile [[kuiitia]] kwa mahakama, [[brifu [sheria)|brifu]], mikataba, au [[amana]]. Majadiliano na ujuzu wa [[kusuluhisha migogoro]] (ikijumuisha mbinu za [[Mbinu za Masuluhisho ya Kimbadala|ADR]]) pia ni muhimi kwa zoezi la sheria, ikitegemea na aina ya taaluma.<ref>Fine, ''The Globalisation of Legal Education'', 364</ref> === Mashirika ya kijamii === {{Main|Mashirika ya kijamii}} [[Picha:1963 march on washington.jpg|thumb|Maandamano mjini Washington D.C. wakati wa [[Harakati za Haki za Kiraia za Wamarekani wenye asili ya Kiafrika (1955–1968)|Harakati ya Haki za Kiraia ya Marekani]] mnamo mwaka wa 1963]] Dhana ya [[Kiripablikani wakati kulipokuwa na madaraja mbalimbali ya kijamii]] ya "mashirika ya kijamii" ilianzia wakati wa Hobbes na Locke.<ref>Warren, ''Civil Society'', 3–4</ref> Locke aliona mashirika ya kijamii kama watu wenye "sheria sawa na mahakama [[kurejelea]] , yenye mamlaka ya kuamua utata baina yao."<ref>Locke, ''[[s:Two Treatises of Government/The Second Treatise of Government: An Essay Concerning the True Origin, Extent, and End of Civil Government|Second Treatise]]'', Chap. VII, Of Political or Civil_Society. Chapter 7, section 87</ref> Mwanafalsafa wa Kijerumani [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel]] alitofautisha "taifa" na "mashirika ya kijamii" (''burgerliche Gesellschaft'') katika kitabu chake ''[[Vipengele vya Falsafa ya Sawa]]''.<ref>Hegel, ''Elements of the Philosophy of Right'', 3, II, [http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hegel/works/pr/prcivils.htm 182]; Karkatsoulis, ''The State in Transition'', 277–278</ref> Hegel aliamini kuwa [[mashirika ya kijamii]] na [[Taifa huru|taifa]] zilikuwa kinyume kabisa, katika mpangilio wa nadharia yake ya historia. Taifa la kisasa lenye pande hizi mbili–mashirika ya kijamii lilizaliwa tena katika nadharia za [[Alexis de Tocqueville]] na [[Karl Marx]].<ref>(Pelczynski, ''The State and Civil Society'', 1–13; Warren, ''Civil Society'', 5–9)</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Zaleski | first = Pawel | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Tocqueville on Civilian Society. A Romantic Vision of the Dichotomic Structure of Social Reality | journal = Archiv für Begriffsgeschichte | volume = 50 | issue = | pages = | publisher = Felix Meiner Verlag | location = | year = 2008 | url = | issn = | doi = | id = | accessdate = }} </ref> Siku hizi katika nadharia ya wakati wa baada ya kisasa za mashirika la kijamii lazima iwe chanzo cha sheria, kwa kuwa msingi ambapo watu wanaunda maoni na kushwishi yale wanayoamini sheria inafaa kuwa. Kama wakili wa Kiaustralia na mwandishi [[Geoffrey Robertson QC]] alivyoandika kuhusu sheria ya kimataifa, <blockquote>... mojawapo ya vyanzo vyake vya kisasa inapatikana katika majibu ya kawaida ya wanaume na wanawake, na mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali, amabyo wengi huunga, kwa ukiukaji wa haki za kibinadamu amabyo wengi huona kwenye runinga wakiwa sebuleni nyumbani mwao.<ref>Robertson, ''Crimes Against Humanity'', 98–99</ref></blockquote> [[Uhuru wa kujieleza]], [[uhuru wa kujumuika]] na sheria zingine nyingi za kibinafsi zinawaruhusu watu kukusanyika, kujadili, kukosoa na kufanya serikali zao kuwajibika, ambapo msingi wa [[demokrasia ya majadiliano]] inaibuka. Watu wanapozidi kujihusisha mamlaka ya kisheria na na kuwa na uwezo wa kubadilisha jinsi mamlaka ya kisiasa yanapotumika maishani mwao; ndivyo sheria inapozidi kuwa [[Uhalali (kisiasa)|halali]] kwa watu. Taasisi ambazo ni za kawaida sana za mashirika ya kijamii ni masoko ya kibiashra, kampuni zenye malengo ya kupata faida, familia, [[vyama vya kibiashara]], hospitali, vyuo vikuu, shule, mashirika ya msaada, [[vilabu vya kujadili]], [[mashirika yasiyokuwa ya kiserikali]], vitongoji, makanisa, na vyama vya kidini.<ref>There is no clear legal definition of the civil society, and of the institutions it includes. Most of the institutions and bodies who try to give a list of institutions (such as the [[European Economic and Social Committee]]) exclude the political parties. For further information, see Jakobs, ''Pursuing Equal Opportunities'', 5–6; Kaldor–Anheier–Glasius, ''Global Civil Society'', ''[http://www.lse.ac.uk/Depts/global/Publications/Yearbooks/2003/2003Chapter1a.pdf passim] {{Wayback|url=http://www.lse.ac.uk/Depts/global/Publications/Yearbooks/2003/2003Chapter1a.pdf |date=20070817130457 }}'' (PDF); Karkatsoulis, ''The State in Transition'', 282–283.</ref> {{-}} == Tazama pia == {{portal}} {{Main|Muhtasari wa sheria}} * [[Haki za kibinadamu]] * [[Uchumi]] * [[Historia]] * [[Sayansi ya Kisiasa]] * [[Falsafa]] == Tanbihi == {{Marejeo|2}} https://www.path-2-happiness.com/sw == Marejeo == ; Printed sources: * {{cite encyclopedia|last=Ahmad|first=Ahmad Atif|title=Lawyers: Islamic Law|encyclopedia=Oxford Encyclopedia of Legal History|publisher=Oxford University Press|url=http://www.macalester.edu/~ahmad/Lawyers.pdf|format=PDF|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081001195205/http://www.macalester.edu/~ahmad/Lawyers.pdf|archivedate=2008-10-01|access-date=2010-01-15}}{{Wayback|url=http://www.macalester.edu/~ahmad/Lawyers.pdf |date=20090326034212 }} * {{cite book|last=Akhlaghi|first=Behrooz|title=The Sharīʻa in the Constitutions of Afghanistan, Iran, and Egypt|year=2005|isbn=3-161-48787-7|publisher=Mohr Siebeck|editor=Yassari, Nadjma|chapter=Iranian Commercial Law and the New Investment Law FIPPA}} * {{cite book|last=Albrow|first=Martin|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=London|title=Bureaucracy (Key Concepts in Political Science)|url=https://archive.org/details/bureaucracy0000mart|year=1970|isbn=0-333-11262-8}} * {{cite journal|last=Anderson |first=J.N.D.|year=1956|month=Januari |title=Law Reform in the Middle East journal=International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944—) |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=43–51|url=http://www.jstor.org/pss/2607811 |accessdate=2007-03-04 |doi=10.2307/2607811}} * {{Cite wikisource|Constitution of the Athenians|[[Aristotle]]}}. 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''[[s:Two Treatises of Government/The Second Treatise of Government: An Essay Concerning the True Origin, Extent, and End of Civil Government|Second Treatise]]'' * {{cite book|last=Luban |first=David |title=Conflict of Interest in the Professions |url=https://archive.org/details/conflictofintere0000unse |year=2001 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0-195-12863-X|chapter=Law's Blindfold}} * {{cite journal|last=Makdisi|first=John A.|title=The Islamic Origins of the Common Law|url=https://archive.org/details/north-carolina-law-review_1999-06_77_5/page/1635|journal=[[North Carolina Law Review]]|month=Juni|year=1999|volume=77|issue=5|pages=1635–1739}} * {{cite book|last=Malloy|first=Robin Paul|publisher=Springer|title=Adam Smith and the Philosophy of Law and Economics|url=https://archive.org/details/adamsmithphilos00mall|editor=Paul Malloy, Robin; Evensky, Jerry|year=1994|isbn=0-792-32796-9|chapter=Adam Smith and the Modern Discourse of Law and Economics}} * {{cite book|last=Mattei|first=Ugo|publisher=University of Michigan Press|title=Comparative Law and Economics|url=https://archive.org/details/comparativelawec0000matt|year=1997|isbn=0-472-06649-8|chapter=The Distinction between Common Law and Civil Law}} * {{cite journal |last=Matthews |first=Paul |year=1995 |month=Autumn| title=The Man of Property |journal=Medical Law Review, |volume=3 |pages=251–274| doi=10.1093/medlaw/3.3.251| pmid=11657690}} * {{cite book|last=McGhee|first=John|publisher=Sweet and Maxwell|location=London|title=Snell's Equity|url=https://archive.org/details/snellsequitycumu0000mcgh|year=2000|isbn=0-421-85260-7}} * {{cite book |last=Mises |first=Ludwig von |authorlink=Ludwig von Mises |title=Bureaucracy |origyear=1944 |url=http://www.mises.org/etexts/bureaucracy.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2006-11-10 |year=1962 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040716033508/http://www.mises.org/etexts/bureaucracy.pdf |archivedate=2004-07-16 |dead-url=no }} * {{cite book|last=Montesquieu|first=Baron de|authorlink=Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu |title=The Spirit of Laws (translated in English by Thomas Nugent, revised by J. 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Sakkoulas Publishers |location=Athens |isbn=9-601-50106-1|chapter=The Sociological Approach of Law}} * {{cite book|first=A.Z.|last=Pelczynski|year=1984|title=The State and Civil Society|url=https://archive.org/details/statecivilsociet0000unse|publisher=Cambridge University Press}} * {{cite book |last=Petersmann |first=Ernst-Ulrich | title=The GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement System|url=https://archive.org/details/gattwtodisputese0000pete |year=1997 |publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers |isbn= 9-041-10933-1 |chapter=Rule of Law and Constitutionalism}} * {{cite book|last=Rasekh|first=Mohammad|title=The Sharīʻa in the Constitutions of Afghanistan, Iran, and Egypt|year=2005|isbn=3-161-48787-7|publisher=Mohr Siebeck|editor=Yassari, Nadjma|chapter=Are Islamism and Republicanism Compatible?}} * {{cite book |last=Raz |first=Joseph |authorlink=Joseph Raz |title=The Authority of Law, Essays on Law and Morality|url=https://archive.org/details/authorityoflawes0000razj |year=1979 |publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0198254938 }} * {{cite book|title=Law and Practice of International Commercial Arbitration|url=https://archive.org/details/lawpracticeofint0000unse|year=2004|last=Redfem|first=Alan|publisher=Sweet & Maxwell|isbn=0-421-86240-8|chapter=Regulation of International Arbitration}} * {{cite book|title=Max Weber on Law and Economy in Society|year=1954|last=Rheinstein| first=M.|publisher=Harvard University Press}} * {{cite book|title=Hammurabi's Laws|year=2004|last=Richardson|first=W.E.J.|publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group|isbn=0-567-08158-3|chapter=Introduction}} * {{cite journal |last=Riker |first=William H. |authorlink=William H. Riker|year=1992 |month=Januari |title=The Justification of Bicameralism |journal=International Political Science Review / Revue internationale de science politique |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=101–116 |url=http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0192-5121(199201)13%3A1%3C101%3ATJOB%3E2.0.CO%3B2-C }} * {{cite book|title=Crimes Against Humanity|first=Geoffrey|last=Robertson|authorlink=Geoffrey Robertson|year=2006|publisher=Penguin|isbn=9780141024639}} * {{cite journal|title=What the Law Requires Is Written on Their Hearts: Noachic and Natural Law among German-Speakers in Early Modern North America|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_william-and-mary-quarterly_2001-10_58_4/page/883|first=A. 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Lords|accessdate=2006-11-10}} * {{cite web |title=Jurisprudence, publications, documentation |url=http://www.courdecassation.fr/jurisprudence_publications_documentation_2/ |language=French |publisher=[[Court of Cassation (France)|Cour de cassation]] |accessdate=2007-02-11 |archivedate=2007-02-09 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070209144055/http://www.courdecassation.fr/jurisprudence_publications_documentation_2/ }} * {{cite web |url=http://dictionary.law.com/default2.asp?selected=1111&bold=|title=law |accessdate=2007-02-10 |work=Law.com Dictionary}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=law&searchmode=none | title=law |accessdate=2007-02-09 |work= Online Etymology Dictionary}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/legal|title=legal |accessdate=2007-02-09 |work= Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary}} * {{cite web| title=Magna Carta| url=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/magnacarta.html| publisher=[[Fordham University]]| accessdate=2006-11-10| archivedate=2014-09-10| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910155351/http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/magnacarta.html}} * {{cite web | last=Marmor | first=Andrei |url= http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/lawphil-theory/ | title= The Pure Theory of Law | accessdate=2007-02-09 | work= Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy|year=1934 }} * {{cite web| title=Saudi Arabia| url=http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/world/saudiarabia.htm| publisher=[[Jurist]]| accessdate=2006-09-02| archive-date=2006-08-30| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060830232216/http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/world/saudiarabia.htm| url-status=dead}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.icc-cpi.int/statesparties.html|title=The States Parties to the Rome Statute|publisher=[[International Criminal Court]]|accessdate=2007-02-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040605155639/http://www.icc-cpi.int/statesparties.html|archivedate=2004-06-05}} * {{cite web|title=The World Factbook – Field Listing – Legal system|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2100.html|publisher=[[CIA]]|accessdate=2007-10-13|archivedate=2018-12-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226012138/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2100.html}} {{Refend}} == Viungo vya nje == {{sisterlinks|Law}} * [http://www.law.com/ Legal news and information network for attorneys and other legal professionals] * [http://jurispedia.org/ Encyclopaedic project of academic initiative] {{Wayback|url=http://jurispedia.org/ |date=20210408132428 }} in [[Jurispedia]] * [http://www.lawserver.com/ Legal articles, news, and interactive maps] {{Wayback|url=http://www.lawserver.com/ |date=20130302152628 }} * [http://www.worldlii.org/ WorldLII - World Legal Information Institute] {{Wayback|url=http://www.worldlii.org/ |date=20200922075055 }} * [http://www.commonlii.org/ CommonLII - Commonwealth Legal Information Institute]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot 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Viungo vya jumuiya: {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- |[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]] <br/>'''Fungua hapa kuona kura kuhusu wakabidhi wapya!''' |[[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] |[[Wikipedia:Maboresho yanayohitajika]] |[http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiviewstats/?locale=en&lang=sw&project=&page=&datefrom=2014-05-02&autofilter&type=world Makala zinazotembelewa sana leo hii] |[[Wikipedia:Kuzuia watumiaji]] |- |[[Wikipedia:Ubalozi]] |[[Wikipedia:Kundi la Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]] |[[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Daruser|Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania]] |[[Wikipedia:Makala zilizoombwa]] |[https://xtools.wmcloud.org/ec Michango yote ya mtumiaji] (jaza jina) * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:CentralAuth?target= Angalia michango ya watumiaji]* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&offset=&limit=500&type=newusers&user=&page=&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B0%5D=newusers Watumiaji wapya] |} ==Kumbukumbu ya miaka iliyopita== <small>'''Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishiwa hapa:''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu hadi Julai 2008]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Julai 2008 hadi Desemba 2009]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Desemba 2009 hadi Desemba 2011]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2012 hadi 2013]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2014]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2015]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2016]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2017]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2018-2019]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2020-2021-VI]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu 2021-VI - 2022-I]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2022 - 2025 I]] </small> ==Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili== Kwa wote wanaopenda kutafakari na kujadiliana nasi namna ya kuendeleza wikipedia hii ya Kiswahili wakabidhi walianzisha kundi la '''[[meta:Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]'''. Unaweza kujiandikisha pale kama umehariri hapa kwa muda wa mwaka mmoja angalau. ==Jamii / Kategoria== Ndugu zangu, kuna mtu amebadili ujumbe wa kusano kutoka JAMII kwenda kategoria. Kwa sasa inaonekana juu lakini baadaye itachukua nafasi. Huu ni uharibifu wa tafsiri. Tazama hapa: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:1000 Inabidi tudhibiti mapema tafsiri zijadiliwe na wasemaji wa Kiswahili badala ya kikundi cha wahuni wanaojiita wafasiri. == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> 16:11, 16 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Aprili 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 15:03, 28 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == Pigia kura mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ya UCoC na Mkataba wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kipindi cha kupigia kura marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utekelezaji wa Kanuni za Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili na U4C itafungwa tarehe 1 Mei 2025 saa 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 angalia kwa saa za eneo lako]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Soma maelezo kuhusu jinsi ya kushiriki na kusoma pendekezo kabla ya kupiga kura]] kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta-wiki. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C)]] ni kikundi cha kimataifa kinachojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, unaweza [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kuupitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe huu wanajumuiya wenzako katika lugha yako, kadri utakavyoona inavyofaa, ili waweze kushiriki pia. Kwa ushirikiano na U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprili 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Vandalism == I suppose the two pictures in the text [[Adidas]] are simple vandalism and do not make sence in the text. But not being active in this wikipedia, I don't know how to attract more attention to the doubtful edit of march 2023. :Nadhani picha mbili katika maandishi [[Adidas]] ni uharibifu rahisi na hazina maana katika maandishi. Lakini kutokuwa hai katika wikipedia hii, sijui jinsi ya kuvutia umakini zaidi kwa uhariri wa shaka wa Machi 2023. --'''[[Mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|ThomasPusch]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It has been fixed! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:20, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|majadiliano]])</bdi> 22:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Changes to the way some users are granted the right to see temporary account IP addresses == Hello! This is the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team. We would like to share that we have decided to change the requirements for access to temporary account IP addresses. '''The impact on your community will be minimal'''. We are planning on implementing the change in the week of May 26 ([[phab:T393358|T393358]] + [[phab:T393360|T393360]] + [[phab:T390942|T390942]]). I will keep you updated about the details. We are only changing the rules for users who do not have extended rights (e.g. admins, bureaucrats, checkusers – [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia_Access_to_Temporary_Account_IP_Addresses_Policy#requirements-for-access|see the policy for more examples]]) but their account is a minimum of 6 months old, and who have made a minimum of 300 edits on this wiki. They will lose access to IP addresses ([[phab:T393360|T393360]]), and to have it back, '''they will need to apply for the right. Admins or stewards will decide whether to grant it''' ([[phab:T390942|T390942]]). This will entail human manual work, but this method will be safer than if we continued to grant the rights automatically. We want to emphasize that there has been no user who wouldn't have extended rights to ever reveal a temporary account's IP addresses on your wiki. We made this decision based on what we heard from you, piloting wikis, particularly Romanian Wikipedians. We also consulted on options with Stewards, and had discussions on Meta-Wiki and about 20 Wikipedias with large communities. When we deploy temporary accounts to more wikis, we will evaluate the impact and may adjust our approach again. In addition, we'd like you to know that requirements for access to the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature will be identical with the ones for access to the temporary accounts' IP addresses (a user will either have full information or none). '''The rationale for the change''' We chose the current numerical thresholds and automatic granting before deploying temporary accounts on any wiki. However, it’s become clear to us that these requirements are quite low and it is still too easy for bad-faith actors to gain access to temporary account IP addresses. We want temporary accounts to meaningfully improve editor privacy, so we need to be more restrictive. Our goal is to more consistently limit IP address access to only those who need it. '''How will this work''' * When a user without extended rights needs to view temporary account IP addresses, they will need to file a request for being added to the "Temporary account IP viewers" group. They will file the request to admins (the local communities will be able to decide what that process will be) or stewards (for wikis without local admins). * The software will require that the user has at least 300 edits and the account since at least 6 months. Admins and stewards will not be able to grant temporary account IP access to accounts that do not meet that criteria. This is a minimum, and we encourage you to enforce higher thresholds. * The user reviewing the request will check if the user applying for the right meets requirements and that they have provided a valid justification. The right itself will be granted through Special:UserRights. * Users who grant requests for the right will also handle removal of the right. We would also like to clarify some details. For your convenience, we will also document some of it in [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|the project FAQ]]. {{hidden|Access to IP addresses|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Separation of the new right''' (checkuser-temporary-account) out to a new group ([[metawiki:Meta:Temporary_account_IP_viewer|Temporary account IP viewers]]), as opposed to technically attaching it to any [[Special:ListGroupRights|existing group]] (like patroller). We have decided to do this for a few reasons: ** '''Having access to IP addresses carries risk'''. This right is similar to checkuser. IP addresses are considered personally identifiable information (a kind of [[:en:personal data|personal data]]). Outside actors who want to access IP addresses will now need to interact with users who have this right. Users with this right should be aware of this, and alert to the possibility of suspicious access requests. ** '''Good practices for privacy protection'''. Giving access to users who are trusted but do not need access to carry on their work is not in line with good practices for processing personal data. ** '''Removal of right'''. Access to IPs will be [[phab:T325658|logged]] ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=checkuser-temporary-account example]). If any misuse of this right is detected, it can be taken away separately from any other permissions the user may hold. It would be difficult and sometimes also unreasonable to remove the rights unrelated to access to IP addresses. ** You may grant the new right to all users belonging to a certain existing group individually. These users must meet the criteria for Temporary account IP viewers, though. ** For clarity – all this does not affect administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, stewards, and other groups mentioned in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|global policy]]. * '''Activity requirement'''. With regards to users who would need to be granted access manually, the policy says that they "must edit or take a logged action to the local project at least once within a 365-day period". This requirement is not changing. }} {{hidden|Process of granting the right|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Formality of granting the right'''. There is no need for discussions or votes like Request for Adminship. It does suffice if a single admin makes a decision using their own judgement. * '''Additional requirements for the users applying for the right'''. ** You have autonomy over the process for granting the right. You can adopt thresholds higher than 300 edits, or disallow the "non-admin+" users to have the right. The granting process can be as basic or elaborate as you deem appropriate. ** Which criteria admins should take when deciding whether to grant the right – how to tell whether a user needs access to IP addresses? There are no mandatory requirements beyond a minimum of 300 edits and a 6 month old account. You may introduce additional criteria related to trust to the user (such as no prior blocks or copyright violations) or experience in patrolling activities. * '''Additional burden on administrators'''. We understand the toil of having to grant and remove an additional right. This is indeed a downside. We think that it will only have to be a one-time effort to grant this right to a larger number of people. We are curious if you can find ways to limit this burden. }} '''Next steps on your side we would like to suggest''' * We are encouraging you to consider '''adopting a policy''' on granting and removing the right, if you think you need to add anything to the global policy. * We are encouraging you to '''start granting the right'''. Considering our data (up to a few non-functionaries have ever revealed temporary account IP addresses here), we believe you don't need to rush or spend a lot of time preparing for this before the change comes into force, though. * We would like to show you what level of wiki-bureaucracy seems sufficient from our point of view. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=28667152 In the sandbox], we have created a draft of what a page with requests for the flag could look like. Of course the final content of the page will depend on your community. We do not want to imply that we are instructing you on this matter. Let us know if you have any questions. Thank you! [[metawiki:User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and '''[[Mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 02:27, 16 Mei 2025 (UTC) == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 Mei 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == Uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Wikimedia Foundation mwaka 2025 na Wito wa Maswali == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Wapendwa wote, Mwaka huu, Muda wa Wadhamini 2 (wawili) waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na Washirika kwenye Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation utakamilika [1]. Bodi inakaribisha harakati nzima kushiriki katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa mwaka huu na kupiga kura kujaza viti hivyo. Kamati ya Uchaguzi inasimamia mchakato huu kwa msaada kutoka kwa wafanyakazi wa Shirika [2]. Kamati ya Utawala inayoundwa na wadhamini ambao si wagombea katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa wadhamini waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na washirika wa mwaka 2025 (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina na Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], ina jukumu la kutoa usimamizi wa Bodi ya wadhamini kwa ajili ya kuweka taarifa kwa Bodi ya wadhamini. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu majukumu ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi, Bodi, na wafanyakazi yako hapa [4]. Hapa kuna tarehe kuu zilizopangwa: * Mei 22 – Juni 5: Tangazo (mawasiliano hayo) na mwito wa kipindi cha maswali * Juni 17 – Julai 1, 2025: Wito wa wagombea * Julai 2025: Ikihitajika, washirika hupigia kura wagombea waliopo kwenye orodha fupi ikiwa 10 au zaidi wataomba [5] * Agosti 2025: Kipindi cha kampeni * Agosti – Septemba 2025: Kipindi cha wiki mbili cha kupiga kura kwa jumuiya * Oktoba – Novemba 2025: Ukaguzi wa usuli wa watahiniwa waliochaguliwa * Mkutano wa Bodi mnamo Decemba 2025: Wadhamini wapya wamekaa kwenye kiti Jifunze zaidi kuhusu uchaguzi wa 2025 - ikiwa ni pamoja na ratiba ya kina ya matukio, mchakato wa kugombea, sheria za kampeni na vigezo vya kustahiki kwa mpiga kura - kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[kiungo]]]. '''Wito wa Maswali''' Katika kila mchakato wa uchaguzi, jumuiya ina fursa ya kuwasilisha maswali kwa wagombea wa Bodi ya Wadhamini kujibu. Kamati ya Uchaguzi huchagua maswali kutoka kwenye orodha iliyoandaliwa na jumuiya ili wagombea wajibu. Wagombea lazima wajibu maswali yote yanayohitajika katika maombi ili kustahiki; vinginevyo maombi yao yatakataliwa. Mwaka huu, Kamati ya Uchaguzi itachagua maswali 5 kwa wagombea kujibu. Maswali yaliyochaguliwa yanaweza kuwa mchanganyiko wa yale yaliyowasilishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya, ikiwa yanafanana au yanahusiana. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[kiungo]]] '''Watu wa kujitolea katika uchaguzi''' Njia nyingine ya kuhusika katika mchakato wa uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025 ni kuwa Mtu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi. Watu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi ni daraja kati ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi na jumuiya zao. Wanasaidia kuhakikisha jumuiya inawakilishwa na kuwahamasisha kupiga kura. Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mpango na jinsi ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[kiungo]]]. Asante! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Salamu sana, Victoria Doronina Uhusiano wa Bodi na Kamati ya Uchaguzi Kamati ya Utawala<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:08, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == U4C case - conclusion == Hello Swahili community, <br /> first of all I would like to apologize for writing in English, an automatic translation in Swahili will follow but we are aware that automatic translations in your language are not very good so we will need your help to make sure that the text is understandable. On 21 December 2024 a request to U4C was filed here: [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]]. Some deadlines were extended and we are aware that it took us a long time to conclude the case. I will report our conclusion below in English and with translation in Swahili. I will add also a translation in Italian which is a language one of your most active users (sysop and bureaucrat) is familiar with. Please contact the committee for any clarification needed. As a coordinating committee we would also like to offer our support if you need help with the requested actions. === U4C Motion === (The original text with votes is here: [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Cases/Sysop_abuse_in_Swahili_Wikipedia#Motions]]) According to UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Swahili is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million speakers and it is one of the ''lingua franca'' in many countries within East, Central and Southern Africa as well as in the Middle East. According to Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Swahili is one of the national languages in Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Uganda, it is an official language of Rwanda, in some areas of Somalia and is spoken in other areas in the African Great Lakes region and East and Southern Africa. With the exception of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, in all the countries where Swahili is national language, homosexuality is not only illegal (in some cases - Uganda - with death penalty as punishment) but apparent "promotion" of homosexuality is also severely punished. More about this in following links: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C requested a legal opinion to assess what risks editors and administrators residing in those countries could face in editing or restoring content which may be considered to "promote" homosexuality even if for Wikimedian (or Western) standards that content would not be considered promotional but only neutral or descriptive. The U4C's priorities in this case are: *Protect local users, especially advanced right holders who could be misinterpreted as "responsible" for the content of a project *Protect all the readers and their right to have neutral and informative content '''U4C Actions''' # Recommend that the Swahili Wikipedia community work on a guideline about Neutral Point of View (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) and a guideline about reliable sources (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). The U4C will review progress in 6 months.<br /> # Recommend that the community seek local expertise on how it is permissible to educate a reader about topics related to LGBTQ issues without violating laws in Swahili-speaking countries and at the same time avoiding discrimination (as per the UCoC). Use this information to support NPOV on these topics. # Recommend that the community start discussing on dealing with local appeals and creating a procedure for this compliant with the [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Recommend that the community define a list of pages or "contentious topics" (starting from LGBTQ topics) where, once created, the above mentioned policies are particularly used/applied more strictly. At the same time: *Administrators on Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki) are topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, with admin actions related to content and conduct moderation delegated to Stewards and Global sysops (any interventions can be requested on Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] or [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Here is a non-exhaustive list of pages that are covered: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Once the recommended measures as described above are set up, swwiki admins may appeal to the topic ban. === Translation in Swahili === ''This is an automatic translation, please kindly fix mistakes or parts which need clarification.'' Kulingana na UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Kiswahili ni miongoni mwa lugha 10 zinazozungumzwa na watu wengi zaidi duniani, ikiwa na wazungumzaji zaidi ya milioni 200 na ni mojawapo ya ''lingua franca'' katika nchi nyingi za Mashariki, Kati na Kusini mwa Afrika na pia Mashariki ya Kati. Kwa mujibu wa Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za kitaifa nchini Tanzania, Kenya, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Burundi, Uganda, ni lugha rasmi ya Rwanda, katika baadhi ya maeneo ya Somalia na inazungumzwa katika maeneo mengine katika eneo la Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika na Afrika Mashariki na Kusini. Isipokuwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Rwanda, katika nchi zote ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya taifa, ushoga sio tu ni kinyume cha sheria (katika baadhi ya matukio - Uganda - na adhabu ya kifo kama adhabu) lakini "kukuza" kwa ushoga pia kunaadhibiwa vikali. Zaidi kuhusu hili katika viungo vifuatavyo: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C iliomba maoni ya kisheria ili kutathmini hatari ambazo wahariri na wasimamizi wanaoishi katika nchi hizo wanaweza kukabiliana nazo katika kuhariri au kurejesha maudhui ambayo yanaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa "kukuza" ushoga hata kama kwa viwango vya Wikimedian (au Magharibi) maudhui hayo hayatachukuliwa kuwa ya utangazaji bali yasiyoegemea upande wowote au maelezo. Vipaumbele vya U4C katika kesi hii ni: *Linda watumiaji wa ndani, haswa wamiliki wa haki wa hali ya juu ambao wanaweza kutafsiriwa vibaya kama "wajibiki" kwa maudhui ya mradi. *Linda wasomaji wote na haki yao ya kuwa na maudhui yasiyoegemea upande wowote na yenye taarifa '''Vitendo vya U4C''' # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifanyie kazi mwongozo kuhusu Mtazamo wa Kuegemea (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) na mwongozo kuhusu vyanzo vya kuaminika (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C itakagua maendeleo baada ya miezi 6.<br /> # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya itafute utaalamu wa ndani kuhusu jinsi inavyoruhusiwa kuelimisha msomaji kuhusu mada zinazohusiana na masuala ya LGBTQ bila kukiuka sheria katika nchi zinazozungumza Kiswahili na wakati huo huo kuepuka ubaguzi (kulingana na UCoC). Tumia habari hii kusaidia NPOV kwenye mada hizi. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ianze kujadiliana kuhusu kushughulikia rufaa za eneo lako na kuunda utaratibu wa kutii [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines|Mwongozo wa Utekelezaji]]. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuia ifafanue orodha ya kurasa au "mada zinazogombana" (kuanzia mada za LGBTQ) ambapo, mara tu zikiundwa, sera zilizotajwa hapo juu hutumiwa/hutumiwa kwa ukali zaidi. Wakati huo huo: *Wasimamizi kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiswahili (swwiki) wamepigwa marufuku kwenye kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, huku vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili vimekabidhiwa kwa Stewards na Global sysops (afua zozote zinaweza kuombwa kwenye Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] au [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Hapa kuna orodha isiyo kamili ya kurasa ambazo zimefunikwa: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Ushoga, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Ndoa ya jinsia moja, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Baada ya hatua zilizopendekezwa kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu kusanidiwa, wasimamizi wa swwiki wanaweza kukata rufaa dhidi ya marufuku ya mada. {{hidden | style = border: 1px black; width: 100%; | headerstyle = background:#f5f5f5 | contentstyle = | header = Translation in Italian/Tafsiri katika Kiitaliano | content = Secondo l'UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), lo Swahili è tra le 10 lingue più parlate al mondo con oltre 200 milioni di persone che lo parlano ed è una "lingue franche" in diversi paese dell'Africa orientale, centrale e meridionale nonché nel Medio-Oriente. Secondo Wikipedia ([[:en:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), lo Swahili è una delle lingue nazionali in Tanzania, Kenya, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Burundi, Uganda, è lingua ufficiale in Ruanda, in alcune aree della Somalia ed è abitualmente usato in altre aree della regione dei Grandi Laghi e dell'Africa Orientale e meridionale. Con l'eccezione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo e del Ruanda, in tutti i paese in cui lo Swahili è lingua nazionale, l'omosessualità non è solo illegale (in alcuni casi, come l'Uganda, è punita con la pena di morte) ma anche l'apparente promozione dell'omosessualità è severamente punita. Maggiori informazioni nei seguenti link: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C ha richiesto un parere legale per individuare quali rischi corrano i volontari e amministratori residenti in questi paese nell'effettuare modifiche o ripristinare contenuti che possono essere considerati promozionali dell'omosessualità anche se per standard Wikimediani (o del mondo occidentale) non sono considerati promozionali ma solo descrittivi o neutrali. Nel trattare questo caso le priorità dello U4C sono: *Tutelare gli utenti locali, specialmente coloro con diritti addizionali che possono essere erroneamente considerati come "responsabili" dei contenuti di un progetto *Tutelare i lettori e il loro diritto ad avere informazioni e contenuti neutrali '''In considerazione di ciò U4C''' # Raccomanda che la comunità della Wikipedia in Swahili lavori sulla creazione di linee guida sul punto di vista neutrale (Neutral Point of View - Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) e su una linea guida dedicata alle fonti attendibili e al loro uso (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C verificherà i progressi fra 6 mesi.<br /> # Raccomanda che la comunità ricerchi informazioni o consulenza locale su come fornire contenuti informativi sui temi collegati a LGBTQ senza violare leggi nei paesi di lingua Swahili ma allo stesso tempo senza discriminare (ai sensi di UCoC). Le informazioni ottenute andranno a supporto della linea guida sul punto di vista neutrale sull'argomento. # Raccomanda che la comunità inizi una discussione sulla gestione locale degli appelli ai blocchi e su una procedura degli stessi conforme alle linee guida sull'applicazione del codice di condotta [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Raccomanda che la comunità definisca una lista di pagine di "argomenti controversi" (partendo dal tema LGBTQ) dove, una volta create le linee guida del punto 1, queste vengano usate e applicate con particolare rigore. Allo stesso tempo: *Gli amministratori della Wikipedia in Swahili hanno un topic ban (blocco selettivo su tema specifico) dalle pagine riguardanti tematiche LGBTQ, gli interventi amministrativi legati alla moderazione di condotta e contenuto sono delegate agli Steward e ai Global sysop (gli interventi possono essere richiesti nelle pagine su Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] oppure [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Di seguito una lista non esasustiva delle pagine coinvolte: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Una volta che i rimedi raccomandati descritti nei punti più sopra sono stati attuati gli amministratori di swwiki possono richiedere la rimozione del topic ban. }} On behalf of U4C, '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 31 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Juni 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == Boti ya kukaribisha ya [[user:AmmarBot|Ammar]] == Ndugu zangu wanaWikipedia. Hivi karibuni, nikiwa huko jijini Nairobi, nilikutana na Ammar. Kijana wa Kihausa kutoka nchini Nigeria. Katika maongezi yetu, tukafikia hatua ya kuzungumzia boti za kukaribisha watu. Kijana huyu alikubali kutumia muda wake mchache kuunda boti ya kukaribisha watu. Hivyo basi kila kibarua cha karibu kila wakati kimetuishia. Tafadhalini msipoteza muda wenu kukaribisha watu. Boti itafanya kazi. Tazameni: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum%3AMichango&target=AmmarBot&namespace=all&tagfilter=&start=&end=&limit=50 Hapa] [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 13:45, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Hii nzuri! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::Ila BOT atachukua muda gani tangu mgeni kajiunga hadi atakapokaribishwa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia == Hello! Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}} Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. '''Why Paste Check?''' Paste Check benefits two audiences: * Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit. * Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time. The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors. '''How it works''' By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally. When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available: * Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why. * Remove the text – the text is removed. In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text. Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text. To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor. '''Get involved''' The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration. We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&language=&filter=&optional=1&action=translate please help translating it]):   [[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]] We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]]. As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next. '''Configuration and test''' For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag <code>editcheck-paste-shown</code> for easier tracking. You can try the proposed Paste Check interface: * visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&veaction=edit&ecenable=2 * Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt. Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}} [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=29293687 --> :This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! '''[[Mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 15:31, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' *Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|sw}}. *Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' *Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:41, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 19:49, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-10-06_Wikipedias&oldid=29381387 --> == Event Organizer Right for [[user:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] == Dear Swahili Wikipedia Admins, The Community Organizing Experience team (formerly the Campaigns team) at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting Wikimedia Arusha and Wikimedia Kilimanjaro to strengthen their capacity in adopting the CampaignEvents extension tools, including Event Registration tool for their 2025-26 General Support Funds activities. In order to implement this support, I would need the event organizer right on Swahili Wikipedia. I have also communicated this to [[user:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]] who recommended I ask for the right here. '''[[Mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|majadiliano]])''' 17:19, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] please gather here. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 18:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I support granting the event organizer right to EUwandu-WMF. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 20:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Toa maoni yako: pigia kura Bodi ya Wadhamini ya mwaka 2025 == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Habarini nyote, Kipindi cha upigaji kura cha [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini wa 2025]] sasa kimefunguliwa. Wagombea wanagombea viti 2 (viwili) kwenye Bodi. Ili kuangalia ustahiki wako wa mpiga kura, tafadhali tembelea [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|ukurasa wa ustahiki wa mpiga kura]]. Jifunze zaidi kuwahusu kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|kusoma taarifa zao za maombi na kutazama video zao za ugombeaji]]. Ukiwa tayari, nenda kwenye ukurasa wa kupiga kura wa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll kupiga kura]]. '''Upigaji kura utaanza tarehe 8 Oktoba saa 00:00 UTC hadi Oktoba 22 saa 23:59 UTC.''' Kila la kheri, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Mwenyekiti, Kamati ya Uchaguzi<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == Message from U4C == Dear Swahili community, (''Apologies for writing in English. A machine-translated version of this message is attached below for your convenience. In case of any discrepancies, please refer to the English version as the source.'') We have been made aware of the deletion of the article [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] and the subsequent block of @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (who can appeal on their talk page).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], could you please briefly explain what was the reason, among those listed here [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], for the speedy deletion of that page? We would like to remind you all and the administrators of this project in particular that local admins are currently topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, and admin actions related to content and conduct moderation are delegated to Stewards and Global sysops. Any intervention concerning related content or users should be requested on Meta. You can read our motion here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. This measure will remain in effect until the actions we have recommended for this project (listed here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] in the section U4C Actions) have been completed. If you need any help with these steps please do not hesitate to contact us. On behalf of the U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (''Hii ni tafsiri ya kiotomatiki'')<br /> Ndugu waswahili,<br /> Tumefahamishwa kuhusu kufutwa kwa makala [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] na kizuizi kilichofuata cha @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (anayeweza kukata rufaa kwenye ukurasa wao wa mazungumzo).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], tafadhali unaweza kueleza kwa ufupi sababu ilikuwa nini, miongoni mwa walioorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], kwa kufutwa haraka kwa ukurasa huo? Tungependa kuwakumbusha nyote na wasimamizi wa mradi huu hasa kwamba wasimamizi wa ndani kwa sasa wamepigwa marufuku kutoka kwa kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, na vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili hukabidhiwa kwa Steward na Global sysops. Uingiliaji kati wowote kuhusu maudhui yanayohusiana au watumiaji unapaswa kuombwa kwenye Meta. Unaweza kusoma hoja yetu hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. Hatua hii itaendelea kutumika hadi hatua ambazo tumependekeza kwa mradi huu (zilizoorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] katika sehemu ya U4C Actions) zimekamilika. Ikiwa unahitaji msaada wowote kwa hatua hizi tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi. Kwa niaba ya U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I’ve reviewed the deletion log, and the article has already been removed. Judging by the structure and grammar, it seems the contributor may not be fluent in Kiswahili—the article had significant linguistic and formatting issues. :While we appreciate efforts to represent diverse communities, it’s equally important that all articles meet the quality standards of Swahili Wikipedia. :In a constructive spirit, we can encourage the contributor to collaborate with others to improve the article before republishing. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 20:22, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Contributor is banned and only option for him is new account. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 08:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] the first version of the article was created by the user and [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=312781 deleted] on 1 October. After being pinged yesterday the user recreated the page ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315152 here]), it turned out that the user is a cross wiki abuser and the page was deleted by a Global Sysop who later [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315181 undeleted the page] because apparently it is a translation of enwiki. Nobody of us is able to understand if that content makes sense in Swahili or if it is an automatic translation, or meets speedy deletion criteria like you mentioned. Personally speaking U4C asked that articles about contentious topics should be based on reliable sources and that content does not meet that requirement. The user is global blocked so I do not foresee cooperation. If the content meets deletion criteria please use the delete template (I think it is this one {{tl|Futa}}?) and then request deletion on Meta (here: [[:m:Global_sysops/Requests]]). I understand that this is a little complicated but it is a temporary measure. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any help or suggestion about the recommended actions in our motion. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I have informed the admin team again not to interfere directly with those kinds of articles instead we should inform Stewards to take the matter. Thanks. We will surely reach out in case of anything resurfaced. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:33, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] many thanks, yes the right way is to inform Stewards or Global Sysops, your guidance is of course welcome (and needed) to overcome the language barrier. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Alternate version was correctly remade by TEMPORARY ACCOUNT and makes sense. Both "Emmanuel" accounts are ABUSERS, one locally blocked and other globally blocked. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] Share the recreated article that makes sense, please! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:34, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Recreated article with sense is here: [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Se non fossi impedito, metterei il template <nowiki>{{tafsiri kompyuta}}</nowiki> perché è una traduzione orripilante. Pace a te, Civvì! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :If there is consensus on deletion due to low quality please request the deletion on Meta (explaining the reasons). For sure the goal of our requests is not to lower your quality standards. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] na @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] The recreated article is another trash in the block. I will write global sysop to delete it. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 12:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Do not forget REDIRECTS and TALKS when deleting. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Four instances to delete: ::[[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::[[Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::'''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::"The recreated article is another trash in the block." FOUR INSTANCES. '''[[Mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|Soggo Ionno]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|majadiliano]])''' 12:15, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Kutafuta watu wa kujitolea kujiunga na kamati kadhaa za harakati. == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kila mwaka, kwa kawaida kuanzia Oktoba hadi Desemba, kamati kadhaa za harakati hutafuta watu wapya wa kujitolea. Soma zaidi kuhusu kamati hizo kwenye kurasa zao za Meta-wiki: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kamati ya Ushirikiano (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kamati ya Mapitio ya kesi (CRC)]] Maombi ya kamati hizo yatafunguliwa tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025. Maombi ya Kamati ya Ushirikiano, tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum na Kamati ya Mapitio ya Kesi yatafungwa tarehe 11 Desemba 2025. Jifunze namna ya kutuma maombi kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments| kutembelea ukurasa wa uteuzi kwenye Meta-Wiki]].Tuma kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano au barua pepe cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org na maswali yoyote ambayo unaweza kuwa nayo. Kwa timu ya Msaada ya Kamati, <section end="announcement-content" /> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == Will you help us test an updated Databox? == ''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it'' Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[w:sw:Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[w:sw:Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes: * A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item * New parameters <code>useImage=</code> and <code>excludeProperties=</code> can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays. ** '''<code>useImage=</code>''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.<br> Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}</nowiki><br><br> ** '''<code>excludeParameters=</code>''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.<br>Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}</nowiki> * The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:<br><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code><code>Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}</code> === How can you help? === Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs. Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits). The two Parameters will only show if the <nowiki>{{Databox}}</nowiki> wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.<br>[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].<br> Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].<br> Thank you, - '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=29580122 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == Mapitio ya kila mwaka ya Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Ninakuandikia ili kukujulisha kuwa muda wa upitiaji wa kila mwaka wa Kanuni za Maadili na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji umefunguliwa sasa. Unaweza kutoa mapendekezo ya mabadiliko hadi tarehe 9 Februari 2026. Hii ni hatua ya kwanza kati ya kadhaa itakayochukuliwa kwa upitiaji wa kila mwaka. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Soma maelezo zaidi na utafute mazungumzo ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu]] (U4C) ni kundi la kimataifa linalojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|unaweza kukagua Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe habari hii washiriki wengine katika jumuiya yako popote inapohitajika. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:Mazungumzo ya mtumiaji:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> 21:02, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:11, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 00:58, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) == Ndugu wanajumuia, Katika kuratibu na kuendesha miradi na kampeni mbalimbali za jamii yetu hapa Swahili Wikipedia (kama vile mashindano, warsha, dashboards, na kurasa za mradi kama `Wikipedia:Mradi wa...`), tumekuwa tukikumbana na changamoto ya kiufundi. Kwa sasa, mfumo wa usarifu wa picha (VisualEditor) haufanyi kazi kwenye maeneo haya ya kurasa za miradi (Project namespace), jambo linalotulazimu kutumia mfumo mgumu wa "Source Editor" (Wiki markup) hata kwa mambo madogo kama kutengeneza majedwali au muundo wa kurasa. Ili kurahisisha kazi kwa waratibu na wahariri wanaotengeneza kurasa hizi za kampeni, nimefungua tiketi kule Phabricator kuomba wataalamu wa Wikimedia Foundation watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor kwenye Project namespace ya swwiki. Wataalamu wa Phabricator wametujibu kuwa tayari wako tayari kufanya mabadiliko hayo, lakini kwa sheria za kiutaratibu, wanahitaji kuona Maridhiano ya Jumuia (Community Consensus) hapa uwanjani kwetu kwanza kabla hawajawasha mfumo huo. Wanatutanabahisha pia kuwa VisualEditor haikutengenezwa maalum kwa ajili ya kurasa za majadiliano, hivyo kunaweza kuwa na changamoto ndogo za mpangilio (kama indentations) tukiiitumia kwenye majadiliano ya miradi, jambo ambalo tunaona halitazuia ufanisi wa kazi kubwa ya kuratibu kurasa zenyewe za miradi. Tafadhali naomba kura zenu za Kuunga Mkono (Support) au maoni yenu hapa chini ili tukishapata ridhaa ya pamoja, nipeleke link ya mjadala huu Phabricator na mabadiliko haya yafanyike mara moja. Unaweza kuona tiketi hiyo Phabricator hapa: [[phab:T427117|⚓ T427117 Enable VisualEditor in the Project namespace for Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki)]] Pamoja tunajenga Wikipedia yetu! {{Strong support}}--[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:07, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 09:26, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) {{strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChriKo|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 04:41, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 07:38, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}--'''--'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC)''' </br>{{Strong support}}-- [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 18:06, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--- '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 19:14, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Piga kura sasa katika uchaguzi wa 2026 U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Wapigakura walaotimiza vigezo na masharti ya kupiga kura wanaombwa kushiriki katika uchaguzi wa 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Kanuni na mwongozo wa Maadili kwa wote]]. Maelezo zaidi ikijumuisha ukaguzi wa ustahiki, maelezo ya mchakato wa kupiga kura, maelezo ya mgombeaji, na kiungo cha kupiga kura zinapatikana kwenye Meta katika [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 ukurasa wa maelezo ya Uchaguzi]]. Kura itafungwa tarehe 2 Juni 2026 kwa [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC]. Tafadhali piga kura ikiwa akaunti yako imekidhi vigezo. Matokeo yatatolewa kufikia 14 Juni 2026. -- Kwa kushirikiana na U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:15, 27 Mei 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|majadiliano]])</bdi> 17:11, 23 Juni 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="Message"/> '''Legal & Safety Contacts''' Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]]. <section end="Message"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:30, 25 Juni 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=30731267 --> == Request for comment (the future of Abstract Wikipedia) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies if this has not yet been translated into your wiki's language. {{int:Please-translate}} You are invited to voice your opinions in a [[:m:Requests for comment/The future of Abstract Wikipedia|request for comment about the future of Abstract Wikipedia]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[:m:User:Kowal2701|Kowal2701]] ([[:m:User talk:Kowal2701|talk]]) 12:25, 24 Julai 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:DreamRimmer@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2026-09-23|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' * Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2026-09-23|sw}}. * Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' * Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> [[m:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] 12:58, 15 Septemba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=30513874 --> == Your feedback wanted: Remove ''(Language link added:) and similar'' edits from Special:RecentChanges == ''(Apologies for posting in English. You can help by translating it)'' Hello, I’m Danny from [[:en:w:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland’s]] [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team.<br/> We have been investigating and examining how Wikidata’s use in the [[Special:RecentChanges]] and [[Special:Watchlist]] pages can be made to be more useful, or less ‘noisy’ (fewer edits that have little value to the reader). We are currently exploring to make a change in the volume and the type of Wikidata edits that appear in these pages, and '''we need your feedback''' to help us ensure this is a positive change for the Wikis and won’t disrupt your workflows.<br/> Language links are also known as sitelinks or interlanguage links and describe when a Wikidata item is connected to a Wiki, adding it to the language dropdown tool for other connected Wikis. [[File:Types of Lang Link changes.png|x350px|frame|A variety of "Language Link" edits as seen in the Recent Changes feed]] The request for feedback is whether you support the removal of these language link edits from the Recent Changes and Watchlist feed, or would you oppose such a change and if so, why? Please share you thoughts on the dedicated '''[[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|metawiki Talk page]]'''. Further information about this change: [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Hide_Language_Link_edits]] Thank you for any participation or feedback you give, -- [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] 15:16, 22 Septemba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=31067455 --> == Wikidata Sitelink changes in Recent Changes and Watchlist == ''(Apologies for cross-posting in English, translating it will help spread the message)'' Earlier last month, all Wikis were contacted for feedback on our proposal to remove language link changes, this change has already been deployed to Wikisource, Wikibooks, Wikivoyage, Wikiquote, Wikiversity and Wiktionary. The same change is now being rolled out globally to all Wikipedias on '''October 13, 07:00 UTC'''. Editors will no longer see notifications after this time on their [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] and [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]] when a link to ''another'' language version of a page is added, removed, or changed in its Wikidata item (it does not affect language link notifications to the home wiki). There will then be a two-week monitoring period to observe if a reduction of high-volume but low-value notifications takes place, or if higher-value changes become easier to identify. Editors who rely on these notifications should be aware of the change and can share feedback or concerns on the Wikidata For Wikimedia [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|Projects talk page]].<br/> Wikidata's own Recent Changes page is not affected as it serves as the repository for these changes. Please reach out if you have any questions, or if your wiki would like to opt-out, thank you! -- [[User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[User_talk:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|talk]]) sent via '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 09:29, 9 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=31142775 --> == Wazo la Mradi: Kuongeza Makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (C-Dramas & K-Dramas) == Habari zenu wakuu na wahariri wenzangu wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili, Natumai mnaendelea vyema na ujenzi wa kamusi elezo yetu. Nimekuwa nikipitia maudhui yetu ya burudani na sanaa, na nimegundua kuna pengo kubwa sana (systemic bias) la makala zinazohusu filamu, tamthilia, na waigizaji wa ukanda wa Asia (hususan China na Korea). Licha ya kwamba filamu za Kung Fu, C-Dramas, na K-Dramas zina mashabiki mamilioni katika nchi zetu za Afrika Mashariki tangu miaka ya 80 hadi sasa, wasomaji wetu wakitafuta wasifu wa waigizaji hao au tamthilia maarufu kwa Kiswahili hawapati taarifa za kutosha. Ili kuziba pengo hili na kuleta usawa wa maarifa (Knowledge Equity), ninafikiria kuomba ruzuku ndogo ya Rapid Fund kutoka Wikimedia Foundation (WMF). Lengo langu ni kuandaa warsha ya siku moja (In-person workshop) hapa Dar es Salaam, itakayofuatiwa na kampeni ya mwezi mmoja ya uandishi mtandaoni (Online Edit-a-thon). Kupitia mradi huu, tunalenga kuvutia vijana wapya na wapenzi wa filamu hizi, kuwafundisha misingi ya uandishi wa Wikipedia, na kutengeneza makala mpya 80 hadi 100 za sanaa hizo kwa Kiswahili sahihi na chenye vyanzo. Kabla ya kuwasilisha maombi haya rasmi WMF, ningependa kupokea maoni, ushauri, au mapendekezo yenu kuhusu wazo hili. Je, mnaona ni mradi utakaofaa? Na je, kuna changamoto yoyote mnayoiona ambayo tunapaswa kuizingatia? Nawasilisha, na asanteni kwa ushirikiano wenu wa kila siku. # {{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 10:03, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :ni wazo zuri sana.. :Ushauri wangu ni huu... :*Kuzingatia Ubora kuliko idadi pekee: Lengo la makala 300–400 linaweza kuvutia, lakini ni muhimu kueleza jinsi utakavyohakikisha kila makala ina vyanzo huru vya kuaminika na inakidhi miongozo ya Wikipedia. :*Wigo wa mada: Badala ya kuzingatia waigizaji na filamu maarufu pekee, unaweza kujumuisha wakurugenzi, watayarishaji na historia ya sinema za Asia, mradi kila mada inakidhi vigezo vya umuhimu wa Wikipedia. :*Uendelevu wa jamii: Eleza jinsi utakavyowasaidia washiriki kuendelea kuhariri hata baada ya kampeni kuisha, kwa mfano kupitia kikundi cha mawasiliano, ushauri wa wahariri wenye uzoefu na ufuatiliaji wa makala zilizoundwa. :Pendekezo langu: Chapisha ujumbe huu kwanza ili kupata maoni ya wahariri. Majibu yao yanaweza kukusaidia kuboresha wigo wa mradi, bajeti, malengo yanayopimika na mpango wa utekelezaji kabla ya kuwasilisha ombi rasmi la Rapid Fund.... Ahsante '''[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ladygoody|majadiliano]])''' 10:56, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] Kimsingi itahusu kila kitu si filamu pekee hadi waongozaji. Kimsingi ni cinema za Asia. Makala 100, sitaki kuandika makala ya mstari mmoja. Tutakaowafunza tutawaeleza dhima ya uundaji makala pana badala ya makala fupi-fupi zinazoja wingi pekee. Kama mimi nilivutiwa na mafunzo ya @[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]] na akina @[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] nami pia nina uhakika wa kuvutia wengi kwa vile nina uzoefu na uwezo pia wa kutumia WIKI MARK UP language kuliko watu wengi tu. Ukiacha challenge yako, unakubali au unakataa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 12:10, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :<nowiki>{{strongsupport}}</nowiki> '''[[Mtumiaji:Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju|Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju|majadiliano]])''' 18:33, 1 Novemba 2026 (UTC) {{Support}}:::@[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] Wazo ni zuri, ila kwa kawaida wanaoanzisha hizi editathon hawafuatilii makala zilizotungwa na wahariri wapya, hawazisahahishi wala kuziboresha, hawaendele kuwapa maelekezo wanapoona wamekosea pengine kwa namna za kushangaza. Mzungu anawekwa katika jamii "Watu wa Ufilipino" na wakati huohuo "Watu kutoka Abu Dhabi"... Huyo @[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] mwenyewe, anayehimiza kuzingatia ubora kuliko idadi pekee, anatunga makala nyingi harakaharaka na kunipa kazi kuzisahihisha. Tena ni wiki kadhaa haweki tena vyanzo vyovyote, baada ya kuzuiwa asitumie vile vya Wikimedia... Naomba ukianzisha, mwezi mzima baada ya warsha uwajibike kweli. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:33, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::@Ikikupendeza, tutakuja kuifanyia pale Morogoro ili mambo yasiwe mengi. Ninaomba sana! '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 12:42, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Ikikupendeza, ingependa ije kuifanyika pale Morogoro Alfagem ili mambo yasiwe mengi. Ninaomba sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 12:45, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::::Ndugu, sijakuelewa ulipoandika "ili mambo yasiwe mengi". '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:46, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Hapo nimekusudia iwapo tutakuwa mbali, hapo kwa wazee tutavuna mengi mno. 1) baraka za wazee, 2) ulezi kutoka kwa wazee, 3) tutapata mafunzo ya ana kwa ana na wakongwe wa kazi huku wakituasa namna bora ya kuanzisha miradi na kuisimamia. Hapo mambo hayawi mengi! '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 13:18, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::::::@[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]], pole, ila kwa kweli nimeelewa kidogo. Baraka sawa, ulezi kidogo sawa, mafunzo ya ana kwa ana kidogo sawa, ila kuhusu namna bora ya miradi sina uzoefu wa kwangu mimi. Naona ya wengine na kutambua shida mbalimbali. Kwanza wewe unakaa Arusha au wapi? Warsha ni siku moja, mradi ni mwezi mzima: utakaa siku ngapi? Ukifika Alfagems utaleta watu wengine au unategemea wanafunzi wetu? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:27, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :Wazo ni Zuri na ninaliunga mkono, Kila la herí! '''[[Mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|Elizabeth Samwel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|majadiliano]])''' 16:12, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|Elizabeth Samwel]] Weka hivi {{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 16:27, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 16:52, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:ShijaOne|ShijaOne]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ShijaOne|majadiliano]])''' 20:15, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|Elizabeth Samwel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|majadiliano]])''' 00:26, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}}: wazo zuri na lenye kuleta tija kwa wasomaji na jamii tuliyonayo ,naunga mkono kwa asilimia mia moja. '''[[Mtumiaji:Bycashtz|Bycashtz]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Bycashtz|majadiliano]])''' 03:59, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Mate Mingi|Mate Mingi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mate Mingi|majadiliano]])''' 07:04, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}}: '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' Ninaunga mkono hoja hii ya mradi. Ni wazo zuri litakalosaidia kuongeza makala za filamu na waigizaji wa Asia, hususan C-Dramas na K-Dramas, katika Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Mradi huu utachangia kupunguza pengo la maudhui, kuongeza maarifa kwa wasomaji na kuwahamasisha wahariri wapya kushiriki katika kukuza Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Nakupongeza kwa kuanzisha wazo hili na ninatumaini litapata mafanikio. {{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 23:27, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 11:09, 21 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) {{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' <br>{{Strong support}}-'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 10:19, 26 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == Edit Wikidata Items on mobile devices == ''(Apologies for typing in English)'' Did you know that you can edit any Wikidata statement directly from your mobile device, just like on desktop? Since October 2026 all datatypes are now supported for mobile editing. This feature is automatically available to all users. Visit any Item on your mobile and try it out. If you run into issues or have feedback, share it on the project talk page: [[d:Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements|Mobile editing of statements]]. Happy editing on mobile. -'''[[Mtumiaji:Zita Zage (WMDE)|Zita Zage (WMDE)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zita Zage (WMDE)|majadiliano]])''' 11:55, 23 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2026-10-28|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' * Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2026-10-28|sw}}. * Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' * Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 14:00, 26 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=30513874 --> == Jinsi gani tunaweza kuzalisha wataalamu wenye utendaji kazi wa hali juu katika taasisi zetu za vyuo vya kati na elimu ya juu? == Kumekuwa na wimbi kubwa sana la kiwa na wataalamu wengi wasio kuwa compitent katika utendaji katika kada zao je kwa namna gani tunaweza kuondokana au kupunguza wimbi ilo '''[[Mtumiaji:Ahabu|Ahabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ahabu|majadiliano]])''' 23:05, 27 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) d7nb4wfo8a4c8znp5s6zxe7a2m96bzc 1612447 1612446 2026-11-01T18:37:10Z Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju 69361 /* Wazo la Mradi: Kuongeza Makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (C-Dramas & K-Dramas) */ 1612447 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ * '''sw:''' Ukurasa huu ni kwa ajili ya kuwasaidia watu wanaotaka kuboresha kamusi hii na kujadiliana mambo ya jumuiya yetu! * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Matukio ya Kimataifa|Orodha ya Matukio ya Kimataifa]]:Unaweza kuangalia kalenda hiyo ya matukio ya kimataifa na ukipendezwa unaweza kushiriki tukio lolote iwapo utaona linakuhusu. Viungo vya jumuiya: {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- |[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]] <br/>'''Fungua hapa kuona kura kuhusu wakabidhi wapya!''' |[[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] |[[Wikipedia:Maboresho yanayohitajika]] |[http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiviewstats/?locale=en&lang=sw&project=&page=&datefrom=2014-05-02&autofilter&type=world Makala zinazotembelewa sana leo hii] |[[Wikipedia:Kuzuia watumiaji]] |- |[[Wikipedia:Ubalozi]] |[[Wikipedia:Kundi la Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]] |[[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Daruser|Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania]] |[[Wikipedia:Makala zilizoombwa]] |[https://xtools.wmcloud.org/ec Michango yote ya mtumiaji] (jaza jina) * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:CentralAuth?target= Angalia michango ya watumiaji]* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&offset=&limit=500&type=newusers&user=&page=&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B0%5D=newusers Watumiaji wapya] |} ==Kumbukumbu ya miaka iliyopita== <small>'''Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishiwa hapa:''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu hadi Julai 2008]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Julai 2008 hadi Desemba 2009]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Desemba 2009 hadi Desemba 2011]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2012 hadi 2013]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2014]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2015]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2016]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2017]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2018-2019]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2020-2021-VI]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu 2021-VI - 2022-I]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2022 - 2025 I]] </small> ==Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili== Kwa wote wanaopenda kutafakari na kujadiliana nasi namna ya kuendeleza wikipedia hii ya Kiswahili wakabidhi walianzisha kundi la '''[[meta:Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]'''. Unaweza kujiandikisha pale kama umehariri hapa kwa muda wa mwaka mmoja angalau. ==Jamii / Kategoria== Ndugu zangu, kuna mtu amebadili ujumbe wa kusano kutoka JAMII kwenda kategoria. Kwa sasa inaonekana juu lakini baadaye itachukua nafasi. Huu ni uharibifu wa tafsiri. Tazama hapa: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:1000 Inabidi tudhibiti mapema tafsiri zijadiliwe na wasemaji wa Kiswahili badala ya kikundi cha wahuni wanaojiita wafasiri. == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> 16:11, 16 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Aprili 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 15:03, 28 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == Pigia kura mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ya UCoC na Mkataba wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kipindi cha kupigia kura marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utekelezaji wa Kanuni za Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili na U4C itafungwa tarehe 1 Mei 2025 saa 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 angalia kwa saa za eneo lako]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Soma maelezo kuhusu jinsi ya kushiriki na kusoma pendekezo kabla ya kupiga kura]] kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta-wiki. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C)]] ni kikundi cha kimataifa kinachojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, unaweza [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kuupitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe huu wanajumuiya wenzako katika lugha yako, kadri utakavyoona inavyofaa, ili waweze kushiriki pia. Kwa ushirikiano na U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprili 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Vandalism == I suppose the two pictures in the text [[Adidas]] are simple vandalism and do not make sence in the text. But not being active in this wikipedia, I don't know how to attract more attention to the doubtful edit of march 2023. :Nadhani picha mbili katika maandishi [[Adidas]] ni uharibifu rahisi na hazina maana katika maandishi. Lakini kutokuwa hai katika wikipedia hii, sijui jinsi ya kuvutia umakini zaidi kwa uhariri wa shaka wa Machi 2023. --'''[[Mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|ThomasPusch]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It has been fixed! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:20, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|majadiliano]])</bdi> 22:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Changes to the way some users are granted the right to see temporary account IP addresses == Hello! This is the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team. We would like to share that we have decided to change the requirements for access to temporary account IP addresses. '''The impact on your community will be minimal'''. We are planning on implementing the change in the week of May 26 ([[phab:T393358|T393358]] + [[phab:T393360|T393360]] + [[phab:T390942|T390942]]). I will keep you updated about the details. We are only changing the rules for users who do not have extended rights (e.g. admins, bureaucrats, checkusers – [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia_Access_to_Temporary_Account_IP_Addresses_Policy#requirements-for-access|see the policy for more examples]]) but their account is a minimum of 6 months old, and who have made a minimum of 300 edits on this wiki. They will lose access to IP addresses ([[phab:T393360|T393360]]), and to have it back, '''they will need to apply for the right. Admins or stewards will decide whether to grant it''' ([[phab:T390942|T390942]]). This will entail human manual work, but this method will be safer than if we continued to grant the rights automatically. We want to emphasize that there has been no user who wouldn't have extended rights to ever reveal a temporary account's IP addresses on your wiki. We made this decision based on what we heard from you, piloting wikis, particularly Romanian Wikipedians. We also consulted on options with Stewards, and had discussions on Meta-Wiki and about 20 Wikipedias with large communities. When we deploy temporary accounts to more wikis, we will evaluate the impact and may adjust our approach again. In addition, we'd like you to know that requirements for access to the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature will be identical with the ones for access to the temporary accounts' IP addresses (a user will either have full information or none). '''The rationale for the change''' We chose the current numerical thresholds and automatic granting before deploying temporary accounts on any wiki. However, it’s become clear to us that these requirements are quite low and it is still too easy for bad-faith actors to gain access to temporary account IP addresses. We want temporary accounts to meaningfully improve editor privacy, so we need to be more restrictive. Our goal is to more consistently limit IP address access to only those who need it. '''How will this work''' * When a user without extended rights needs to view temporary account IP addresses, they will need to file a request for being added to the "Temporary account IP viewers" group. They will file the request to admins (the local communities will be able to decide what that process will be) or stewards (for wikis without local admins). * The software will require that the user has at least 300 edits and the account since at least 6 months. Admins and stewards will not be able to grant temporary account IP access to accounts that do not meet that criteria. This is a minimum, and we encourage you to enforce higher thresholds. * The user reviewing the request will check if the user applying for the right meets requirements and that they have provided a valid justification. The right itself will be granted through Special:UserRights. * Users who grant requests for the right will also handle removal of the right. We would also like to clarify some details. For your convenience, we will also document some of it in [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|the project FAQ]]. {{hidden|Access to IP addresses|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Separation of the new right''' (checkuser-temporary-account) out to a new group ([[metawiki:Meta:Temporary_account_IP_viewer|Temporary account IP viewers]]), as opposed to technically attaching it to any [[Special:ListGroupRights|existing group]] (like patroller). We have decided to do this for a few reasons: ** '''Having access to IP addresses carries risk'''. This right is similar to checkuser. IP addresses are considered personally identifiable information (a kind of [[:en:personal data|personal data]]). Outside actors who want to access IP addresses will now need to interact with users who have this right. Users with this right should be aware of this, and alert to the possibility of suspicious access requests. ** '''Good practices for privacy protection'''. Giving access to users who are trusted but do not need access to carry on their work is not in line with good practices for processing personal data. ** '''Removal of right'''. Access to IPs will be [[phab:T325658|logged]] ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=checkuser-temporary-account example]). If any misuse of this right is detected, it can be taken away separately from any other permissions the user may hold. It would be difficult and sometimes also unreasonable to remove the rights unrelated to access to IP addresses. ** You may grant the new right to all users belonging to a certain existing group individually. These users must meet the criteria for Temporary account IP viewers, though. ** For clarity – all this does not affect administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, stewards, and other groups mentioned in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|global policy]]. * '''Activity requirement'''. With regards to users who would need to be granted access manually, the policy says that they "must edit or take a logged action to the local project at least once within a 365-day period". This requirement is not changing. }} {{hidden|Process of granting the right|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Formality of granting the right'''. There is no need for discussions or votes like Request for Adminship. It does suffice if a single admin makes a decision using their own judgement. * '''Additional requirements for the users applying for the right'''. ** You have autonomy over the process for granting the right. You can adopt thresholds higher than 300 edits, or disallow the "non-admin+" users to have the right. The granting process can be as basic or elaborate as you deem appropriate. ** Which criteria admins should take when deciding whether to grant the right – how to tell whether a user needs access to IP addresses? There are no mandatory requirements beyond a minimum of 300 edits and a 6 month old account. You may introduce additional criteria related to trust to the user (such as no prior blocks or copyright violations) or experience in patrolling activities. * '''Additional burden on administrators'''. We understand the toil of having to grant and remove an additional right. This is indeed a downside. We think that it will only have to be a one-time effort to grant this right to a larger number of people. We are curious if you can find ways to limit this burden. }} '''Next steps on your side we would like to suggest''' * We are encouraging you to consider '''adopting a policy''' on granting and removing the right, if you think you need to add anything to the global policy. * We are encouraging you to '''start granting the right'''. Considering our data (up to a few non-functionaries have ever revealed temporary account IP addresses here), we believe you don't need to rush or spend a lot of time preparing for this before the change comes into force, though. * We would like to show you what level of wiki-bureaucracy seems sufficient from our point of view. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=28667152 In the sandbox], we have created a draft of what a page with requests for the flag could look like. Of course the final content of the page will depend on your community. We do not want to imply that we are instructing you on this matter. Let us know if you have any questions. Thank you! [[metawiki:User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and '''[[Mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 02:27, 16 Mei 2025 (UTC) == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 Mei 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == Uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Wikimedia Foundation mwaka 2025 na Wito wa Maswali == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Wapendwa wote, Mwaka huu, Muda wa Wadhamini 2 (wawili) waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na Washirika kwenye Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation utakamilika [1]. Bodi inakaribisha harakati nzima kushiriki katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa mwaka huu na kupiga kura kujaza viti hivyo. Kamati ya Uchaguzi inasimamia mchakato huu kwa msaada kutoka kwa wafanyakazi wa Shirika [2]. Kamati ya Utawala inayoundwa na wadhamini ambao si wagombea katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa wadhamini waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na washirika wa mwaka 2025 (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina na Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], ina jukumu la kutoa usimamizi wa Bodi ya wadhamini kwa ajili ya kuweka taarifa kwa Bodi ya wadhamini. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu majukumu ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi, Bodi, na wafanyakazi yako hapa [4]. Hapa kuna tarehe kuu zilizopangwa: * Mei 22 – Juni 5: Tangazo (mawasiliano hayo) na mwito wa kipindi cha maswali * Juni 17 – Julai 1, 2025: Wito wa wagombea * Julai 2025: Ikihitajika, washirika hupigia kura wagombea waliopo kwenye orodha fupi ikiwa 10 au zaidi wataomba [5] * Agosti 2025: Kipindi cha kampeni * Agosti – Septemba 2025: Kipindi cha wiki mbili cha kupiga kura kwa jumuiya * Oktoba – Novemba 2025: Ukaguzi wa usuli wa watahiniwa waliochaguliwa * Mkutano wa Bodi mnamo Decemba 2025: Wadhamini wapya wamekaa kwenye kiti Jifunze zaidi kuhusu uchaguzi wa 2025 - ikiwa ni pamoja na ratiba ya kina ya matukio, mchakato wa kugombea, sheria za kampeni na vigezo vya kustahiki kwa mpiga kura - kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[kiungo]]]. '''Wito wa Maswali''' Katika kila mchakato wa uchaguzi, jumuiya ina fursa ya kuwasilisha maswali kwa wagombea wa Bodi ya Wadhamini kujibu. Kamati ya Uchaguzi huchagua maswali kutoka kwenye orodha iliyoandaliwa na jumuiya ili wagombea wajibu. Wagombea lazima wajibu maswali yote yanayohitajika katika maombi ili kustahiki; vinginevyo maombi yao yatakataliwa. Mwaka huu, Kamati ya Uchaguzi itachagua maswali 5 kwa wagombea kujibu. Maswali yaliyochaguliwa yanaweza kuwa mchanganyiko wa yale yaliyowasilishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya, ikiwa yanafanana au yanahusiana. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[kiungo]]] '''Watu wa kujitolea katika uchaguzi''' Njia nyingine ya kuhusika katika mchakato wa uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025 ni kuwa Mtu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi. Watu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi ni daraja kati ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi na jumuiya zao. Wanasaidia kuhakikisha jumuiya inawakilishwa na kuwahamasisha kupiga kura. Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mpango na jinsi ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[kiungo]]]. Asante! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Salamu sana, Victoria Doronina Uhusiano wa Bodi na Kamati ya Uchaguzi Kamati ya Utawala<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:08, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == U4C case - conclusion == Hello Swahili community, <br /> first of all I would like to apologize for writing in English, an automatic translation in Swahili will follow but we are aware that automatic translations in your language are not very good so we will need your help to make sure that the text is understandable. On 21 December 2024 a request to U4C was filed here: [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]]. Some deadlines were extended and we are aware that it took us a long time to conclude the case. I will report our conclusion below in English and with translation in Swahili. I will add also a translation in Italian which is a language one of your most active users (sysop and bureaucrat) is familiar with. Please contact the committee for any clarification needed. As a coordinating committee we would also like to offer our support if you need help with the requested actions. === U4C Motion === (The original text with votes is here: [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Cases/Sysop_abuse_in_Swahili_Wikipedia#Motions]]) According to UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Swahili is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million speakers and it is one of the ''lingua franca'' in many countries within East, Central and Southern Africa as well as in the Middle East. According to Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Swahili is one of the national languages in Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Uganda, it is an official language of Rwanda, in some areas of Somalia and is spoken in other areas in the African Great Lakes region and East and Southern Africa. With the exception of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, in all the countries where Swahili is national language, homosexuality is not only illegal (in some cases - Uganda - with death penalty as punishment) but apparent "promotion" of homosexuality is also severely punished. More about this in following links: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C requested a legal opinion to assess what risks editors and administrators residing in those countries could face in editing or restoring content which may be considered to "promote" homosexuality even if for Wikimedian (or Western) standards that content would not be considered promotional but only neutral or descriptive. The U4C's priorities in this case are: *Protect local users, especially advanced right holders who could be misinterpreted as "responsible" for the content of a project *Protect all the readers and their right to have neutral and informative content '''U4C Actions''' # Recommend that the Swahili Wikipedia community work on a guideline about Neutral Point of View (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) and a guideline about reliable sources (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). The U4C will review progress in 6 months.<br /> # Recommend that the community seek local expertise on how it is permissible to educate a reader about topics related to LGBTQ issues without violating laws in Swahili-speaking countries and at the same time avoiding discrimination (as per the UCoC). Use this information to support NPOV on these topics. # Recommend that the community start discussing on dealing with local appeals and creating a procedure for this compliant with the [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Recommend that the community define a list of pages or "contentious topics" (starting from LGBTQ topics) where, once created, the above mentioned policies are particularly used/applied more strictly. At the same time: *Administrators on Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki) are topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, with admin actions related to content and conduct moderation delegated to Stewards and Global sysops (any interventions can be requested on Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] or [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Here is a non-exhaustive list of pages that are covered: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Once the recommended measures as described above are set up, swwiki admins may appeal to the topic ban. === Translation in Swahili === ''This is an automatic translation, please kindly fix mistakes or parts which need clarification.'' Kulingana na UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Kiswahili ni miongoni mwa lugha 10 zinazozungumzwa na watu wengi zaidi duniani, ikiwa na wazungumzaji zaidi ya milioni 200 na ni mojawapo ya ''lingua franca'' katika nchi nyingi za Mashariki, Kati na Kusini mwa Afrika na pia Mashariki ya Kati. Kwa mujibu wa Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za kitaifa nchini Tanzania, Kenya, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Burundi, Uganda, ni lugha rasmi ya Rwanda, katika baadhi ya maeneo ya Somalia na inazungumzwa katika maeneo mengine katika eneo la Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika na Afrika Mashariki na Kusini. Isipokuwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Rwanda, katika nchi zote ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya taifa, ushoga sio tu ni kinyume cha sheria (katika baadhi ya matukio - Uganda - na adhabu ya kifo kama adhabu) lakini "kukuza" kwa ushoga pia kunaadhibiwa vikali. Zaidi kuhusu hili katika viungo vifuatavyo: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C iliomba maoni ya kisheria ili kutathmini hatari ambazo wahariri na wasimamizi wanaoishi katika nchi hizo wanaweza kukabiliana nazo katika kuhariri au kurejesha maudhui ambayo yanaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa "kukuza" ushoga hata kama kwa viwango vya Wikimedian (au Magharibi) maudhui hayo hayatachukuliwa kuwa ya utangazaji bali yasiyoegemea upande wowote au maelezo. Vipaumbele vya U4C katika kesi hii ni: *Linda watumiaji wa ndani, haswa wamiliki wa haki wa hali ya juu ambao wanaweza kutafsiriwa vibaya kama "wajibiki" kwa maudhui ya mradi. *Linda wasomaji wote na haki yao ya kuwa na maudhui yasiyoegemea upande wowote na yenye taarifa '''Vitendo vya U4C''' # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifanyie kazi mwongozo kuhusu Mtazamo wa Kuegemea (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) na mwongozo kuhusu vyanzo vya kuaminika (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C itakagua maendeleo baada ya miezi 6.<br /> # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya itafute utaalamu wa ndani kuhusu jinsi inavyoruhusiwa kuelimisha msomaji kuhusu mada zinazohusiana na masuala ya LGBTQ bila kukiuka sheria katika nchi zinazozungumza Kiswahili na wakati huo huo kuepuka ubaguzi (kulingana na UCoC). Tumia habari hii kusaidia NPOV kwenye mada hizi. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ianze kujadiliana kuhusu kushughulikia rufaa za eneo lako na kuunda utaratibu wa kutii [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines|Mwongozo wa Utekelezaji]]. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuia ifafanue orodha ya kurasa au "mada zinazogombana" (kuanzia mada za LGBTQ) ambapo, mara tu zikiundwa, sera zilizotajwa hapo juu hutumiwa/hutumiwa kwa ukali zaidi. Wakati huo huo: *Wasimamizi kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiswahili (swwiki) wamepigwa marufuku kwenye kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, huku vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili vimekabidhiwa kwa Stewards na Global sysops (afua zozote zinaweza kuombwa kwenye Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] au [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Hapa kuna orodha isiyo kamili ya kurasa ambazo zimefunikwa: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Ushoga, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Ndoa ya jinsia moja, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Baada ya hatua zilizopendekezwa kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu kusanidiwa, wasimamizi wa swwiki wanaweza kukata rufaa dhidi ya marufuku ya mada. {{hidden | style = border: 1px black; width: 100%; | headerstyle = background:#f5f5f5 | contentstyle = | header = Translation in Italian/Tafsiri katika Kiitaliano | content = Secondo l'UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), lo Swahili è tra le 10 lingue più parlate al mondo con oltre 200 milioni di persone che lo parlano ed è una "lingue franche" in diversi paese dell'Africa orientale, centrale e meridionale nonché nel Medio-Oriente. Secondo Wikipedia ([[:en:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), lo Swahili è una delle lingue nazionali in Tanzania, Kenya, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Burundi, Uganda, è lingua ufficiale in Ruanda, in alcune aree della Somalia ed è abitualmente usato in altre aree della regione dei Grandi Laghi e dell'Africa Orientale e meridionale. Con l'eccezione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo e del Ruanda, in tutti i paese in cui lo Swahili è lingua nazionale, l'omosessualità non è solo illegale (in alcuni casi, come l'Uganda, è punita con la pena di morte) ma anche l'apparente promozione dell'omosessualità è severamente punita. Maggiori informazioni nei seguenti link: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C ha richiesto un parere legale per individuare quali rischi corrano i volontari e amministratori residenti in questi paese nell'effettuare modifiche o ripristinare contenuti che possono essere considerati promozionali dell'omosessualità anche se per standard Wikimediani (o del mondo occidentale) non sono considerati promozionali ma solo descrittivi o neutrali. Nel trattare questo caso le priorità dello U4C sono: *Tutelare gli utenti locali, specialmente coloro con diritti addizionali che possono essere erroneamente considerati come "responsabili" dei contenuti di un progetto *Tutelare i lettori e il loro diritto ad avere informazioni e contenuti neutrali '''In considerazione di ciò U4C''' # Raccomanda che la comunità della Wikipedia in Swahili lavori sulla creazione di linee guida sul punto di vista neutrale (Neutral Point of View - Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) e su una linea guida dedicata alle fonti attendibili e al loro uso (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C verificherà i progressi fra 6 mesi.<br /> # Raccomanda che la comunità ricerchi informazioni o consulenza locale su come fornire contenuti informativi sui temi collegati a LGBTQ senza violare leggi nei paesi di lingua Swahili ma allo stesso tempo senza discriminare (ai sensi di UCoC). Le informazioni ottenute andranno a supporto della linea guida sul punto di vista neutrale sull'argomento. # Raccomanda che la comunità inizi una discussione sulla gestione locale degli appelli ai blocchi e su una procedura degli stessi conforme alle linee guida sull'applicazione del codice di condotta [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Raccomanda che la comunità definisca una lista di pagine di "argomenti controversi" (partendo dal tema LGBTQ) dove, una volta create le linee guida del punto 1, queste vengano usate e applicate con particolare rigore. Allo stesso tempo: *Gli amministratori della Wikipedia in Swahili hanno un topic ban (blocco selettivo su tema specifico) dalle pagine riguardanti tematiche LGBTQ, gli interventi amministrativi legati alla moderazione di condotta e contenuto sono delegate agli Steward e ai Global sysop (gli interventi possono essere richiesti nelle pagine su Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] oppure [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Di seguito una lista non esasustiva delle pagine coinvolte: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Una volta che i rimedi raccomandati descritti nei punti più sopra sono stati attuati gli amministratori di swwiki possono richiedere la rimozione del topic ban. }} On behalf of U4C, '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 31 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Juni 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == Boti ya kukaribisha ya [[user:AmmarBot|Ammar]] == Ndugu zangu wanaWikipedia. Hivi karibuni, nikiwa huko jijini Nairobi, nilikutana na Ammar. Kijana wa Kihausa kutoka nchini Nigeria. Katika maongezi yetu, tukafikia hatua ya kuzungumzia boti za kukaribisha watu. Kijana huyu alikubali kutumia muda wake mchache kuunda boti ya kukaribisha watu. Hivyo basi kila kibarua cha karibu kila wakati kimetuishia. Tafadhalini msipoteza muda wenu kukaribisha watu. Boti itafanya kazi. Tazameni: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum%3AMichango&target=AmmarBot&namespace=all&tagfilter=&start=&end=&limit=50 Hapa] [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 13:45, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Hii nzuri! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::Ila BOT atachukua muda gani tangu mgeni kajiunga hadi atakapokaribishwa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia == Hello! Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}} Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. '''Why Paste Check?''' Paste Check benefits two audiences: * Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit. * Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time. The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors. '''How it works''' By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally. When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available: * Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why. * Remove the text – the text is removed. In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text. Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text. To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor. '''Get involved''' The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration. We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&language=&filter=&optional=1&action=translate please help translating it]):   [[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]] We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]]. As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next. '''Configuration and test''' For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag <code>editcheck-paste-shown</code> for easier tracking. You can try the proposed Paste Check interface: * visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&veaction=edit&ecenable=2 * Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt. Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}} [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=29293687 --> :This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! '''[[Mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 15:31, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' *Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|sw}}. *Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' *Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:41, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 19:49, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-10-06_Wikipedias&oldid=29381387 --> == Event Organizer Right for [[user:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] == Dear Swahili Wikipedia Admins, The Community Organizing Experience team (formerly the Campaigns team) at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting Wikimedia Arusha and Wikimedia Kilimanjaro to strengthen their capacity in adopting the CampaignEvents extension tools, including Event Registration tool for their 2025-26 General Support Funds activities. In order to implement this support, I would need the event organizer right on Swahili Wikipedia. I have also communicated this to [[user:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]] who recommended I ask for the right here. '''[[Mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|majadiliano]])''' 17:19, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] please gather here. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 18:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I support granting the event organizer right to EUwandu-WMF. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 20:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Toa maoni yako: pigia kura Bodi ya Wadhamini ya mwaka 2025 == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Habarini nyote, Kipindi cha upigaji kura cha [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini wa 2025]] sasa kimefunguliwa. Wagombea wanagombea viti 2 (viwili) kwenye Bodi. Ili kuangalia ustahiki wako wa mpiga kura, tafadhali tembelea [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|ukurasa wa ustahiki wa mpiga kura]]. Jifunze zaidi kuwahusu kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|kusoma taarifa zao za maombi na kutazama video zao za ugombeaji]]. Ukiwa tayari, nenda kwenye ukurasa wa kupiga kura wa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll kupiga kura]]. '''Upigaji kura utaanza tarehe 8 Oktoba saa 00:00 UTC hadi Oktoba 22 saa 23:59 UTC.''' Kila la kheri, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Mwenyekiti, Kamati ya Uchaguzi<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == Message from U4C == Dear Swahili community, (''Apologies for writing in English. A machine-translated version of this message is attached below for your convenience. In case of any discrepancies, please refer to the English version as the source.'') We have been made aware of the deletion of the article [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] and the subsequent block of @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (who can appeal on their talk page).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], could you please briefly explain what was the reason, among those listed here [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], for the speedy deletion of that page? We would like to remind you all and the administrators of this project in particular that local admins are currently topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, and admin actions related to content and conduct moderation are delegated to Stewards and Global sysops. Any intervention concerning related content or users should be requested on Meta. You can read our motion here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. This measure will remain in effect until the actions we have recommended for this project (listed here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] in the section U4C Actions) have been completed. If you need any help with these steps please do not hesitate to contact us. On behalf of the U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (''Hii ni tafsiri ya kiotomatiki'')<br /> Ndugu waswahili,<br /> Tumefahamishwa kuhusu kufutwa kwa makala [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] na kizuizi kilichofuata cha @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (anayeweza kukata rufaa kwenye ukurasa wao wa mazungumzo).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], tafadhali unaweza kueleza kwa ufupi sababu ilikuwa nini, miongoni mwa walioorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], kwa kufutwa haraka kwa ukurasa huo? Tungependa kuwakumbusha nyote na wasimamizi wa mradi huu hasa kwamba wasimamizi wa ndani kwa sasa wamepigwa marufuku kutoka kwa kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, na vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili hukabidhiwa kwa Steward na Global sysops. Uingiliaji kati wowote kuhusu maudhui yanayohusiana au watumiaji unapaswa kuombwa kwenye Meta. Unaweza kusoma hoja yetu hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. Hatua hii itaendelea kutumika hadi hatua ambazo tumependekeza kwa mradi huu (zilizoorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] katika sehemu ya U4C Actions) zimekamilika. Ikiwa unahitaji msaada wowote kwa hatua hizi tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi. Kwa niaba ya U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I’ve reviewed the deletion log, and the article has already been removed. Judging by the structure and grammar, it seems the contributor may not be fluent in Kiswahili—the article had significant linguistic and formatting issues. :While we appreciate efforts to represent diverse communities, it’s equally important that all articles meet the quality standards of Swahili Wikipedia. :In a constructive spirit, we can encourage the contributor to collaborate with others to improve the article before republishing. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 20:22, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Contributor is banned and only option for him is new account. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 08:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] the first version of the article was created by the user and [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=312781 deleted] on 1 October. After being pinged yesterday the user recreated the page ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315152 here]), it turned out that the user is a cross wiki abuser and the page was deleted by a Global Sysop who later [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315181 undeleted the page] because apparently it is a translation of enwiki. Nobody of us is able to understand if that content makes sense in Swahili or if it is an automatic translation, or meets speedy deletion criteria like you mentioned. Personally speaking U4C asked that articles about contentious topics should be based on reliable sources and that content does not meet that requirement. The user is global blocked so I do not foresee cooperation. If the content meets deletion criteria please use the delete template (I think it is this one {{tl|Futa}}?) and then request deletion on Meta (here: [[:m:Global_sysops/Requests]]). I understand that this is a little complicated but it is a temporary measure. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any help or suggestion about the recommended actions in our motion. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I have informed the admin team again not to interfere directly with those kinds of articles instead we should inform Stewards to take the matter. Thanks. We will surely reach out in case of anything resurfaced. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:33, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] many thanks, yes the right way is to inform Stewards or Global Sysops, your guidance is of course welcome (and needed) to overcome the language barrier. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Alternate version was correctly remade by TEMPORARY ACCOUNT and makes sense. Both "Emmanuel" accounts are ABUSERS, one locally blocked and other globally blocked. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] Share the recreated article that makes sense, please! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:34, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Recreated article with sense is here: [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Se non fossi impedito, metterei il template <nowiki>{{tafsiri kompyuta}}</nowiki> perché è una traduzione orripilante. Pace a te, Civvì! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :If there is consensus on deletion due to low quality please request the deletion on Meta (explaining the reasons). For sure the goal of our requests is not to lower your quality standards. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] na @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] The recreated article is another trash in the block. I will write global sysop to delete it. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 12:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Do not forget REDIRECTS and TALKS when deleting. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Four instances to delete: ::[[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::[[Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::'''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::"The recreated article is another trash in the block." FOUR INSTANCES. '''[[Mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|Soggo Ionno]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|majadiliano]])''' 12:15, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Kutafuta watu wa kujitolea kujiunga na kamati kadhaa za harakati. == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kila mwaka, kwa kawaida kuanzia Oktoba hadi Desemba, kamati kadhaa za harakati hutafuta watu wapya wa kujitolea. Soma zaidi kuhusu kamati hizo kwenye kurasa zao za Meta-wiki: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kamati ya Ushirikiano (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kamati ya Mapitio ya kesi (CRC)]] Maombi ya kamati hizo yatafunguliwa tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025. Maombi ya Kamati ya Ushirikiano, tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum na Kamati ya Mapitio ya Kesi yatafungwa tarehe 11 Desemba 2025. Jifunze namna ya kutuma maombi kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments| kutembelea ukurasa wa uteuzi kwenye Meta-Wiki]].Tuma kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano au barua pepe cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org na maswali yoyote ambayo unaweza kuwa nayo. Kwa timu ya Msaada ya Kamati, <section end="announcement-content" /> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == Will you help us test an updated Databox? == ''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it'' Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[w:sw:Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[w:sw:Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes: * A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item * New parameters <code>useImage=</code> and <code>excludeProperties=</code> can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays. ** '''<code>useImage=</code>''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.<br> Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}</nowiki><br><br> ** '''<code>excludeParameters=</code>''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.<br>Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}</nowiki> * The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:<br><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code><code>Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}</code> === How can you help? === Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs. Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits). The two Parameters will only show if the <nowiki>{{Databox}}</nowiki> wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.<br>[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].<br> Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].<br> Thank you, - '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=29580122 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == Mapitio ya kila mwaka ya Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Ninakuandikia ili kukujulisha kuwa muda wa upitiaji wa kila mwaka wa Kanuni za Maadili na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji umefunguliwa sasa. Unaweza kutoa mapendekezo ya mabadiliko hadi tarehe 9 Februari 2026. Hii ni hatua ya kwanza kati ya kadhaa itakayochukuliwa kwa upitiaji wa kila mwaka. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Soma maelezo zaidi na utafute mazungumzo ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu]] (U4C) ni kundi la kimataifa linalojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|unaweza kukagua Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe habari hii washiriki wengine katika jumuiya yako popote inapohitajika. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:Mazungumzo ya mtumiaji:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> 21:02, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:11, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 00:58, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) == Ndugu wanajumuia, Katika kuratibu na kuendesha miradi na kampeni mbalimbali za jamii yetu hapa Swahili Wikipedia (kama vile mashindano, warsha, dashboards, na kurasa za mradi kama `Wikipedia:Mradi wa...`), tumekuwa tukikumbana na changamoto ya kiufundi. Kwa sasa, mfumo wa usarifu wa picha (VisualEditor) haufanyi kazi kwenye maeneo haya ya kurasa za miradi (Project namespace), jambo linalotulazimu kutumia mfumo mgumu wa "Source Editor" (Wiki markup) hata kwa mambo madogo kama kutengeneza majedwali au muundo wa kurasa. Ili kurahisisha kazi kwa waratibu na wahariri wanaotengeneza kurasa hizi za kampeni, nimefungua tiketi kule Phabricator kuomba wataalamu wa Wikimedia Foundation watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor kwenye Project namespace ya swwiki. Wataalamu wa Phabricator wametujibu kuwa tayari wako tayari kufanya mabadiliko hayo, lakini kwa sheria za kiutaratibu, wanahitaji kuona Maridhiano ya Jumuia (Community Consensus) hapa uwanjani kwetu kwanza kabla hawajawasha mfumo huo. Wanatutanabahisha pia kuwa VisualEditor haikutengenezwa maalum kwa ajili ya kurasa za majadiliano, hivyo kunaweza kuwa na changamoto ndogo za mpangilio (kama indentations) tukiiitumia kwenye majadiliano ya miradi, jambo ambalo tunaona halitazuia ufanisi wa kazi kubwa ya kuratibu kurasa zenyewe za miradi. Tafadhali naomba kura zenu za Kuunga Mkono (Support) au maoni yenu hapa chini ili tukishapata ridhaa ya pamoja, nipeleke link ya mjadala huu Phabricator na mabadiliko haya yafanyike mara moja. Unaweza kuona tiketi hiyo Phabricator hapa: [[phab:T427117|⚓ T427117 Enable VisualEditor in the Project namespace for Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki)]] Pamoja tunajenga Wikipedia yetu! {{Strong support}}--[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:07, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 09:26, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) {{strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChriKo|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 04:41, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 07:38, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}--'''--'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC)''' </br>{{Strong support}}-- [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 18:06, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--- '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 19:14, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Piga kura sasa katika uchaguzi wa 2026 U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Wapigakura walaotimiza vigezo na masharti ya kupiga kura wanaombwa kushiriki katika uchaguzi wa 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Kanuni na mwongozo wa Maadili kwa wote]]. Maelezo zaidi ikijumuisha ukaguzi wa ustahiki, maelezo ya mchakato wa kupiga kura, maelezo ya mgombeaji, na kiungo cha kupiga kura zinapatikana kwenye Meta katika [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 ukurasa wa maelezo ya Uchaguzi]]. Kura itafungwa tarehe 2 Juni 2026 kwa [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC]. Tafadhali piga kura ikiwa akaunti yako imekidhi vigezo. Matokeo yatatolewa kufikia 14 Juni 2026. -- Kwa kushirikiana na U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:15, 27 Mei 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|majadiliano]])</bdi> 17:11, 23 Juni 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="Message"/> '''Legal & Safety Contacts''' Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]]. <section end="Message"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:30, 25 Juni 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=30731267 --> == Request for comment (the future of Abstract Wikipedia) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies if this has not yet been translated into your wiki's language. {{int:Please-translate}} You are invited to voice your opinions in a [[:m:Requests for comment/The future of Abstract Wikipedia|request for comment about the future of Abstract Wikipedia]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[:m:User:Kowal2701|Kowal2701]] ([[:m:User talk:Kowal2701|talk]]) 12:25, 24 Julai 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:DreamRimmer@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2026-09-23|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' * Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2026-09-23|sw}}. * Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' * Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> [[m:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] 12:58, 15 Septemba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=30513874 --> == Your feedback wanted: Remove ''(Language link added:) and similar'' edits from Special:RecentChanges == ''(Apologies for posting in English. You can help by translating it)'' Hello, I’m Danny from [[:en:w:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland’s]] [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team.<br/> We have been investigating and examining how Wikidata’s use in the [[Special:RecentChanges]] and [[Special:Watchlist]] pages can be made to be more useful, or less ‘noisy’ (fewer edits that have little value to the reader). We are currently exploring to make a change in the volume and the type of Wikidata edits that appear in these pages, and '''we need your feedback''' to help us ensure this is a positive change for the Wikis and won’t disrupt your workflows.<br/> Language links are also known as sitelinks or interlanguage links and describe when a Wikidata item is connected to a Wiki, adding it to the language dropdown tool for other connected Wikis. [[File:Types of Lang Link changes.png|x350px|frame|A variety of "Language Link" edits as seen in the Recent Changes feed]] The request for feedback is whether you support the removal of these language link edits from the Recent Changes and Watchlist feed, or would you oppose such a change and if so, why? Please share you thoughts on the dedicated '''[[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|metawiki Talk page]]'''. Further information about this change: [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Hide_Language_Link_edits]] Thank you for any participation or feedback you give, -- [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] 15:16, 22 Septemba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=31067455 --> == Wikidata Sitelink changes in Recent Changes and Watchlist == ''(Apologies for cross-posting in English, translating it will help spread the message)'' Earlier last month, all Wikis were contacted for feedback on our proposal to remove language link changes, this change has already been deployed to Wikisource, Wikibooks, Wikivoyage, Wikiquote, Wikiversity and Wiktionary. The same change is now being rolled out globally to all Wikipedias on '''October 13, 07:00 UTC'''. Editors will no longer see notifications after this time on their [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] and [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]] when a link to ''another'' language version of a page is added, removed, or changed in its Wikidata item (it does not affect language link notifications to the home wiki). There will then be a two-week monitoring period to observe if a reduction of high-volume but low-value notifications takes place, or if higher-value changes become easier to identify. Editors who rely on these notifications should be aware of the change and can share feedback or concerns on the Wikidata For Wikimedia [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|Projects talk page]].<br/> Wikidata's own Recent Changes page is not affected as it serves as the repository for these changes. Please reach out if you have any questions, or if your wiki would like to opt-out, thank you! -- [[User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[User_talk:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|talk]]) sent via '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 09:29, 9 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=31142775 --> == Wazo la Mradi: Kuongeza Makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (C-Dramas & K-Dramas) == Habari zenu wakuu na wahariri wenzangu wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili, Natumai mnaendelea vyema na ujenzi wa kamusi elezo yetu. Nimekuwa nikipitia maudhui yetu ya burudani na sanaa, na nimegundua kuna pengo kubwa sana (systemic bias) la makala zinazohusu filamu, tamthilia, na waigizaji wa ukanda wa Asia (hususan China na Korea). Licha ya kwamba filamu za Kung Fu, C-Dramas, na K-Dramas zina mashabiki mamilioni katika nchi zetu za Afrika Mashariki tangu miaka ya 80 hadi sasa, wasomaji wetu wakitafuta wasifu wa waigizaji hao au tamthilia maarufu kwa Kiswahili hawapati taarifa za kutosha. Ili kuziba pengo hili na kuleta usawa wa maarifa (Knowledge Equity), ninafikiria kuomba ruzuku ndogo ya Rapid Fund kutoka Wikimedia Foundation (WMF). Lengo langu ni kuandaa warsha ya siku moja (In-person workshop) hapa Dar es Salaam, itakayofuatiwa na kampeni ya mwezi mmoja ya uandishi mtandaoni (Online Edit-a-thon). Kupitia mradi huu, tunalenga kuvutia vijana wapya na wapenzi wa filamu hizi, kuwafundisha misingi ya uandishi wa Wikipedia, na kutengeneza makala mpya 80 hadi 100 za sanaa hizo kwa Kiswahili sahihi na chenye vyanzo. Kabla ya kuwasilisha maombi haya rasmi WMF, ningependa kupokea maoni, ushauri, au mapendekezo yenu kuhusu wazo hili. Je, mnaona ni mradi utakaofaa? Na je, kuna changamoto yoyote mnayoiona ambayo tunapaswa kuizingatia? Nawasilisha, na asanteni kwa ushirikiano wenu wa kila siku. # {{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 10:03, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :ni wazo zuri sana.. :Ushauri wangu ni huu... :*Kuzingatia Ubora kuliko idadi pekee: Lengo la makala 300–400 linaweza kuvutia, lakini ni muhimu kueleza jinsi utakavyohakikisha kila makala ina vyanzo huru vya kuaminika na inakidhi miongozo ya Wikipedia. :*Wigo wa mada: Badala ya kuzingatia waigizaji na filamu maarufu pekee, unaweza kujumuisha wakurugenzi, watayarishaji na historia ya sinema za Asia, mradi kila mada inakidhi vigezo vya umuhimu wa Wikipedia. :*Uendelevu wa jamii: Eleza jinsi utakavyowasaidia washiriki kuendelea kuhariri hata baada ya kampeni kuisha, kwa mfano kupitia kikundi cha mawasiliano, ushauri wa wahariri wenye uzoefu na ufuatiliaji wa makala zilizoundwa. :Pendekezo langu: Chapisha ujumbe huu kwanza ili kupata maoni ya wahariri. Majibu yao yanaweza kukusaidia kuboresha wigo wa mradi, bajeti, malengo yanayopimika na mpango wa utekelezaji kabla ya kuwasilisha ombi rasmi la Rapid Fund.... Ahsante '''[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ladygoody|majadiliano]])''' 10:56, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] Kimsingi itahusu kila kitu si filamu pekee hadi waongozaji. Kimsingi ni cinema za Asia. Makala 100, sitaki kuandika makala ya mstari mmoja. Tutakaowafunza tutawaeleza dhima ya uundaji makala pana badala ya makala fupi-fupi zinazoja wingi pekee. Kama mimi nilivutiwa na mafunzo ya @[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]] na akina @[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] nami pia nina uhakika wa kuvutia wengi kwa vile nina uzoefu na uwezo pia wa kutumia WIKI MARK UP language kuliko watu wengi tu. Ukiacha challenge yako, unakubali au unakataa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 12:10, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{strongsupport}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju|Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju|majadiliano]])''' 18:33, 1 Novemba 2026 (UTC) {{Support}}:::@[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] Wazo ni zuri, ila kwa kawaida wanaoanzisha hizi editathon hawafuatilii makala zilizotungwa na wahariri wapya, hawazisahahishi wala kuziboresha, hawaendele kuwapa maelekezo wanapoona wamekosea pengine kwa namna za kushangaza. Mzungu anawekwa katika jamii "Watu wa Ufilipino" na wakati huohuo "Watu kutoka Abu Dhabi"... Huyo @[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] mwenyewe, anayehimiza kuzingatia ubora kuliko idadi pekee, anatunga makala nyingi harakaharaka na kunipa kazi kuzisahihisha. Tena ni wiki kadhaa haweki tena vyanzo vyovyote, baada ya kuzuiwa asitumie vile vya Wikimedia... Naomba ukianzisha, mwezi mzima baada ya warsha uwajibike kweli. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:33, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::@Ikikupendeza, tutakuja kuifanyia pale Morogoro ili mambo yasiwe mengi. Ninaomba sana! '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 12:42, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Ikikupendeza, ingependa ije kuifanyika pale Morogoro Alfagem ili mambo yasiwe mengi. Ninaomba sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 12:45, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::::Ndugu, sijakuelewa ulipoandika "ili mambo yasiwe mengi". '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:46, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Hapo nimekusudia iwapo tutakuwa mbali, hapo kwa wazee tutavuna mengi mno. 1) baraka za wazee, 2) ulezi kutoka kwa wazee, 3) tutapata mafunzo ya ana kwa ana na wakongwe wa kazi huku wakituasa namna bora ya kuanzisha miradi na kuisimamia. Hapo mambo hayawi mengi! '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 13:18, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::::::@[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]], pole, ila kwa kweli nimeelewa kidogo. Baraka sawa, ulezi kidogo sawa, mafunzo ya ana kwa ana kidogo sawa, ila kuhusu namna bora ya miradi sina uzoefu wa kwangu mimi. Naona ya wengine na kutambua shida mbalimbali. Kwanza wewe unakaa Arusha au wapi? Warsha ni siku moja, mradi ni mwezi mzima: utakaa siku ngapi? Ukifika Alfagems utaleta watu wengine au unategemea wanafunzi wetu? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:27, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :Wazo ni Zuri na ninaliunga mkono, Kila la herí! '''[[Mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|Elizabeth Samwel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|majadiliano]])''' 16:12, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|Elizabeth Samwel]] Weka hivi {{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 16:27, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 16:52, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:ShijaOne|ShijaOne]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ShijaOne|majadiliano]])''' 20:15, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|Elizabeth Samwel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|majadiliano]])''' 00:26, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}}: wazo zuri na lenye kuleta tija kwa wasomaji na jamii tuliyonayo ,naunga mkono kwa asilimia mia moja. '''[[Mtumiaji:Bycashtz|Bycashtz]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Bycashtz|majadiliano]])''' 03:59, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Mate Mingi|Mate Mingi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mate Mingi|majadiliano]])''' 07:04, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}}: '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' Ninaunga mkono hoja hii ya mradi. Ni wazo zuri litakalosaidia kuongeza makala za filamu na waigizaji wa Asia, hususan C-Dramas na K-Dramas, katika Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Mradi huu utachangia kupunguza pengo la maudhui, kuongeza maarifa kwa wasomaji na kuwahamasisha wahariri wapya kushiriki katika kukuza Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Nakupongeza kwa kuanzisha wazo hili na ninatumaini litapata mafanikio. {{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 23:27, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 11:09, 21 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) {{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' <br>{{Strong support}}-'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 10:19, 26 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == Edit Wikidata Items on mobile devices == ''(Apologies for typing in English)'' Did you know that you can edit any Wikidata statement directly from your mobile device, just like on desktop? Since October 2026 all datatypes are now supported for mobile editing. This feature is automatically available to all users. Visit any Item on your mobile and try it out. If you run into issues or have feedback, share it on the project talk page: [[d:Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements|Mobile editing of statements]]. Happy editing on mobile. -'''[[Mtumiaji:Zita Zage (WMDE)|Zita Zage (WMDE)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zita Zage (WMDE)|majadiliano]])''' 11:55, 23 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2026-10-28|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' * Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2026-10-28|sw}}. * Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' * Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 14:00, 26 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=30513874 --> == Jinsi gani tunaweza kuzalisha wataalamu wenye utendaji kazi wa hali juu katika taasisi zetu za vyuo vya kati na elimu ya juu? == Kumekuwa na wimbi kubwa sana la kiwa na wataalamu wengi wasio kuwa compitent katika utendaji katika kada zao je kwa namna gani tunaweza kuondokana au kupunguza wimbi ilo '''[[Mtumiaji:Ahabu|Ahabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ahabu|majadiliano]])''' 23:05, 27 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) duqwmmfx809xvn15ohnf34i1mvxab9b 1612448 1612447 2026-11-01T18:38:49Z Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju 69361 /* Wazo la Mradi: Kuongeza Makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (C-Dramas & K-Dramas) */ 1612448 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ * '''sw:''' Ukurasa huu ni kwa ajili ya kuwasaidia watu wanaotaka kuboresha kamusi hii na kujadiliana mambo ya jumuiya yetu! * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Matukio ya Kimataifa|Orodha ya Matukio ya Kimataifa]]:Unaweza kuangalia kalenda hiyo ya matukio ya kimataifa na ukipendezwa unaweza kushiriki tukio lolote iwapo utaona linakuhusu. Viungo vya jumuiya: {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- |[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]] <br/>'''Fungua hapa kuona kura kuhusu wakabidhi wapya!''' |[[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] |[[Wikipedia:Maboresho yanayohitajika]] |[http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiviewstats/?locale=en&lang=sw&project=&page=&datefrom=2014-05-02&autofilter&type=world Makala zinazotembelewa sana leo hii] |[[Wikipedia:Kuzuia watumiaji]] |- |[[Wikipedia:Ubalozi]] |[[Wikipedia:Kundi la Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]] |[[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Daruser|Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania]] |[[Wikipedia:Makala zilizoombwa]] |[https://xtools.wmcloud.org/ec Michango yote ya mtumiaji] (jaza jina) * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:CentralAuth?target= Angalia michango ya watumiaji]* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&offset=&limit=500&type=newusers&user=&page=&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B0%5D=newusers Watumiaji wapya] |} ==Kumbukumbu ya miaka iliyopita== <small>'''Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishiwa hapa:''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu hadi Julai 2008]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Julai 2008 hadi Desemba 2009]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Desemba 2009 hadi Desemba 2011]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2012 hadi 2013]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2014]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2015]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2016]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2017]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2018-2019]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2020-2021-VI]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu 2021-VI - 2022-I]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2022 - 2025 I]] </small> ==Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili== Kwa wote wanaopenda kutafakari na kujadiliana nasi namna ya kuendeleza wikipedia hii ya Kiswahili wakabidhi walianzisha kundi la '''[[meta:Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]'''. Unaweza kujiandikisha pale kama umehariri hapa kwa muda wa mwaka mmoja angalau. ==Jamii / Kategoria== Ndugu zangu, kuna mtu amebadili ujumbe wa kusano kutoka JAMII kwenda kategoria. Kwa sasa inaonekana juu lakini baadaye itachukua nafasi. Huu ni uharibifu wa tafsiri. Tazama hapa: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:1000 Inabidi tudhibiti mapema tafsiri zijadiliwe na wasemaji wa Kiswahili badala ya kikundi cha wahuni wanaojiita wafasiri. == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> 16:11, 16 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Aprili 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 15:03, 28 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == Pigia kura mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ya UCoC na Mkataba wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kipindi cha kupigia kura marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utekelezaji wa Kanuni za Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili na U4C itafungwa tarehe 1 Mei 2025 saa 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 angalia kwa saa za eneo lako]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Soma maelezo kuhusu jinsi ya kushiriki na kusoma pendekezo kabla ya kupiga kura]] kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta-wiki. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C)]] ni kikundi cha kimataifa kinachojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, unaweza [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kuupitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe huu wanajumuiya wenzako katika lugha yako, kadri utakavyoona inavyofaa, ili waweze kushiriki pia. Kwa ushirikiano na U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprili 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Vandalism == I suppose the two pictures in the text [[Adidas]] are simple vandalism and do not make sence in the text. But not being active in this wikipedia, I don't know how to attract more attention to the doubtful edit of march 2023. :Nadhani picha mbili katika maandishi [[Adidas]] ni uharibifu rahisi na hazina maana katika maandishi. Lakini kutokuwa hai katika wikipedia hii, sijui jinsi ya kuvutia umakini zaidi kwa uhariri wa shaka wa Machi 2023. --'''[[Mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|ThomasPusch]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It has been fixed! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:20, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|majadiliano]])</bdi> 22:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Changes to the way some users are granted the right to see temporary account IP addresses == Hello! This is the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team. We would like to share that we have decided to change the requirements for access to temporary account IP addresses. '''The impact on your community will be minimal'''. We are planning on implementing the change in the week of May 26 ([[phab:T393358|T393358]] + [[phab:T393360|T393360]] + [[phab:T390942|T390942]]). I will keep you updated about the details. We are only changing the rules for users who do not have extended rights (e.g. admins, bureaucrats, checkusers – [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia_Access_to_Temporary_Account_IP_Addresses_Policy#requirements-for-access|see the policy for more examples]]) but their account is a minimum of 6 months old, and who have made a minimum of 300 edits on this wiki. They will lose access to IP addresses ([[phab:T393360|T393360]]), and to have it back, '''they will need to apply for the right. Admins or stewards will decide whether to grant it''' ([[phab:T390942|T390942]]). This will entail human manual work, but this method will be safer than if we continued to grant the rights automatically. We want to emphasize that there has been no user who wouldn't have extended rights to ever reveal a temporary account's IP addresses on your wiki. We made this decision based on what we heard from you, piloting wikis, particularly Romanian Wikipedians. We also consulted on options with Stewards, and had discussions on Meta-Wiki and about 20 Wikipedias with large communities. When we deploy temporary accounts to more wikis, we will evaluate the impact and may adjust our approach again. In addition, we'd like you to know that requirements for access to the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature will be identical with the ones for access to the temporary accounts' IP addresses (a user will either have full information or none). '''The rationale for the change''' We chose the current numerical thresholds and automatic granting before deploying temporary accounts on any wiki. However, it’s become clear to us that these requirements are quite low and it is still too easy for bad-faith actors to gain access to temporary account IP addresses. We want temporary accounts to meaningfully improve editor privacy, so we need to be more restrictive. Our goal is to more consistently limit IP address access to only those who need it. '''How will this work''' * When a user without extended rights needs to view temporary account IP addresses, they will need to file a request for being added to the "Temporary account IP viewers" group. They will file the request to admins (the local communities will be able to decide what that process will be) or stewards (for wikis without local admins). * The software will require that the user has at least 300 edits and the account since at least 6 months. Admins and stewards will not be able to grant temporary account IP access to accounts that do not meet that criteria. This is a minimum, and we encourage you to enforce higher thresholds. * The user reviewing the request will check if the user applying for the right meets requirements and that they have provided a valid justification. The right itself will be granted through Special:UserRights. * Users who grant requests for the right will also handle removal of the right. We would also like to clarify some details. For your convenience, we will also document some of it in [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|the project FAQ]]. {{hidden|Access to IP addresses|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Separation of the new right''' (checkuser-temporary-account) out to a new group ([[metawiki:Meta:Temporary_account_IP_viewer|Temporary account IP viewers]]), as opposed to technically attaching it to any [[Special:ListGroupRights|existing group]] (like patroller). We have decided to do this for a few reasons: ** '''Having access to IP addresses carries risk'''. This right is similar to checkuser. IP addresses are considered personally identifiable information (a kind of [[:en:personal data|personal data]]). Outside actors who want to access IP addresses will now need to interact with users who have this right. Users with this right should be aware of this, and alert to the possibility of suspicious access requests. ** '''Good practices for privacy protection'''. Giving access to users who are trusted but do not need access to carry on their work is not in line with good practices for processing personal data. ** '''Removal of right'''. Access to IPs will be [[phab:T325658|logged]] ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=checkuser-temporary-account example]). If any misuse of this right is detected, it can be taken away separately from any other permissions the user may hold. It would be difficult and sometimes also unreasonable to remove the rights unrelated to access to IP addresses. ** You may grant the new right to all users belonging to a certain existing group individually. These users must meet the criteria for Temporary account IP viewers, though. ** For clarity – all this does not affect administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, stewards, and other groups mentioned in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|global policy]]. * '''Activity requirement'''. With regards to users who would need to be granted access manually, the policy says that they "must edit or take a logged action to the local project at least once within a 365-day period". This requirement is not changing. }} {{hidden|Process of granting the right|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Formality of granting the right'''. There is no need for discussions or votes like Request for Adminship. It does suffice if a single admin makes a decision using their own judgement. * '''Additional requirements for the users applying for the right'''. ** You have autonomy over the process for granting the right. You can adopt thresholds higher than 300 edits, or disallow the "non-admin+" users to have the right. The granting process can be as basic or elaborate as you deem appropriate. ** Which criteria admins should take when deciding whether to grant the right – how to tell whether a user needs access to IP addresses? There are no mandatory requirements beyond a minimum of 300 edits and a 6 month old account. You may introduce additional criteria related to trust to the user (such as no prior blocks or copyright violations) or experience in patrolling activities. * '''Additional burden on administrators'''. We understand the toil of having to grant and remove an additional right. This is indeed a downside. We think that it will only have to be a one-time effort to grant this right to a larger number of people. We are curious if you can find ways to limit this burden. }} '''Next steps on your side we would like to suggest''' * We are encouraging you to consider '''adopting a policy''' on granting and removing the right, if you think you need to add anything to the global policy. * We are encouraging you to '''start granting the right'''. Considering our data (up to a few non-functionaries have ever revealed temporary account IP addresses here), we believe you don't need to rush or spend a lot of time preparing for this before the change comes into force, though. * We would like to show you what level of wiki-bureaucracy seems sufficient from our point of view. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=28667152 In the sandbox], we have created a draft of what a page with requests for the flag could look like. Of course the final content of the page will depend on your community. We do not want to imply that we are instructing you on this matter. Let us know if you have any questions. Thank you! [[metawiki:User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and '''[[Mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 02:27, 16 Mei 2025 (UTC) == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 Mei 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == Uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Wikimedia Foundation mwaka 2025 na Wito wa Maswali == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Wapendwa wote, Mwaka huu, Muda wa Wadhamini 2 (wawili) waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na Washirika kwenye Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation utakamilika [1]. Bodi inakaribisha harakati nzima kushiriki katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa mwaka huu na kupiga kura kujaza viti hivyo. Kamati ya Uchaguzi inasimamia mchakato huu kwa msaada kutoka kwa wafanyakazi wa Shirika [2]. Kamati ya Utawala inayoundwa na wadhamini ambao si wagombea katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa wadhamini waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na washirika wa mwaka 2025 (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina na Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], ina jukumu la kutoa usimamizi wa Bodi ya wadhamini kwa ajili ya kuweka taarifa kwa Bodi ya wadhamini. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu majukumu ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi, Bodi, na wafanyakazi yako hapa [4]. Hapa kuna tarehe kuu zilizopangwa: * Mei 22 – Juni 5: Tangazo (mawasiliano hayo) na mwito wa kipindi cha maswali * Juni 17 – Julai 1, 2025: Wito wa wagombea * Julai 2025: Ikihitajika, washirika hupigia kura wagombea waliopo kwenye orodha fupi ikiwa 10 au zaidi wataomba [5] * Agosti 2025: Kipindi cha kampeni * Agosti – Septemba 2025: Kipindi cha wiki mbili cha kupiga kura kwa jumuiya * Oktoba – Novemba 2025: Ukaguzi wa usuli wa watahiniwa waliochaguliwa * Mkutano wa Bodi mnamo Decemba 2025: Wadhamini wapya wamekaa kwenye kiti Jifunze zaidi kuhusu uchaguzi wa 2025 - ikiwa ni pamoja na ratiba ya kina ya matukio, mchakato wa kugombea, sheria za kampeni na vigezo vya kustahiki kwa mpiga kura - kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[kiungo]]]. '''Wito wa Maswali''' Katika kila mchakato wa uchaguzi, jumuiya ina fursa ya kuwasilisha maswali kwa wagombea wa Bodi ya Wadhamini kujibu. Kamati ya Uchaguzi huchagua maswali kutoka kwenye orodha iliyoandaliwa na jumuiya ili wagombea wajibu. Wagombea lazima wajibu maswali yote yanayohitajika katika maombi ili kustahiki; vinginevyo maombi yao yatakataliwa. Mwaka huu, Kamati ya Uchaguzi itachagua maswali 5 kwa wagombea kujibu. Maswali yaliyochaguliwa yanaweza kuwa mchanganyiko wa yale yaliyowasilishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya, ikiwa yanafanana au yanahusiana. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[kiungo]]] '''Watu wa kujitolea katika uchaguzi''' Njia nyingine ya kuhusika katika mchakato wa uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025 ni kuwa Mtu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi. Watu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi ni daraja kati ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi na jumuiya zao. Wanasaidia kuhakikisha jumuiya inawakilishwa na kuwahamasisha kupiga kura. Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mpango na jinsi ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[kiungo]]]. Asante! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Salamu sana, Victoria Doronina Uhusiano wa Bodi na Kamati ya Uchaguzi Kamati ya Utawala<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:08, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == U4C case - conclusion == Hello Swahili community, <br /> first of all I would like to apologize for writing in English, an automatic translation in Swahili will follow but we are aware that automatic translations in your language are not very good so we will need your help to make sure that the text is understandable. On 21 December 2024 a request to U4C was filed here: [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]]. Some deadlines were extended and we are aware that it took us a long time to conclude the case. I will report our conclusion below in English and with translation in Swahili. I will add also a translation in Italian which is a language one of your most active users (sysop and bureaucrat) is familiar with. Please contact the committee for any clarification needed. As a coordinating committee we would also like to offer our support if you need help with the requested actions. === U4C Motion === (The original text with votes is here: [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Cases/Sysop_abuse_in_Swahili_Wikipedia#Motions]]) According to UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Swahili is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million speakers and it is one of the ''lingua franca'' in many countries within East, Central and Southern Africa as well as in the Middle East. According to Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Swahili is one of the national languages in Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Uganda, it is an official language of Rwanda, in some areas of Somalia and is spoken in other areas in the African Great Lakes region and East and Southern Africa. With the exception of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, in all the countries where Swahili is national language, homosexuality is not only illegal (in some cases - Uganda - with death penalty as punishment) but apparent "promotion" of homosexuality is also severely punished. More about this in following links: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C requested a legal opinion to assess what risks editors and administrators residing in those countries could face in editing or restoring content which may be considered to "promote" homosexuality even if for Wikimedian (or Western) standards that content would not be considered promotional but only neutral or descriptive. The U4C's priorities in this case are: *Protect local users, especially advanced right holders who could be misinterpreted as "responsible" for the content of a project *Protect all the readers and their right to have neutral and informative content '''U4C Actions''' # Recommend that the Swahili Wikipedia community work on a guideline about Neutral Point of View (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) and a guideline about reliable sources (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). The U4C will review progress in 6 months.<br /> # Recommend that the community seek local expertise on how it is permissible to educate a reader about topics related to LGBTQ issues without violating laws in Swahili-speaking countries and at the same time avoiding discrimination (as per the UCoC). Use this information to support NPOV on these topics. # Recommend that the community start discussing on dealing with local appeals and creating a procedure for this compliant with the [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Recommend that the community define a list of pages or "contentious topics" (starting from LGBTQ topics) where, once created, the above mentioned policies are particularly used/applied more strictly. At the same time: *Administrators on Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki) are topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, with admin actions related to content and conduct moderation delegated to Stewards and Global sysops (any interventions can be requested on Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] or [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Here is a non-exhaustive list of pages that are covered: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Once the recommended measures as described above are set up, swwiki admins may appeal to the topic ban. === Translation in Swahili === ''This is an automatic translation, please kindly fix mistakes or parts which need clarification.'' Kulingana na UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Kiswahili ni miongoni mwa lugha 10 zinazozungumzwa na watu wengi zaidi duniani, ikiwa na wazungumzaji zaidi ya milioni 200 na ni mojawapo ya ''lingua franca'' katika nchi nyingi za Mashariki, Kati na Kusini mwa Afrika na pia Mashariki ya Kati. Kwa mujibu wa Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za kitaifa nchini Tanzania, Kenya, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Burundi, Uganda, ni lugha rasmi ya Rwanda, katika baadhi ya maeneo ya Somalia na inazungumzwa katika maeneo mengine katika eneo la Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika na Afrika Mashariki na Kusini. Isipokuwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Rwanda, katika nchi zote ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya taifa, ushoga sio tu ni kinyume cha sheria (katika baadhi ya matukio - Uganda - na adhabu ya kifo kama adhabu) lakini "kukuza" kwa ushoga pia kunaadhibiwa vikali. Zaidi kuhusu hili katika viungo vifuatavyo: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C iliomba maoni ya kisheria ili kutathmini hatari ambazo wahariri na wasimamizi wanaoishi katika nchi hizo wanaweza kukabiliana nazo katika kuhariri au kurejesha maudhui ambayo yanaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa "kukuza" ushoga hata kama kwa viwango vya Wikimedian (au Magharibi) maudhui hayo hayatachukuliwa kuwa ya utangazaji bali yasiyoegemea upande wowote au maelezo. Vipaumbele vya U4C katika kesi hii ni: *Linda watumiaji wa ndani, haswa wamiliki wa haki wa hali ya juu ambao wanaweza kutafsiriwa vibaya kama "wajibiki" kwa maudhui ya mradi. *Linda wasomaji wote na haki yao ya kuwa na maudhui yasiyoegemea upande wowote na yenye taarifa '''Vitendo vya U4C''' # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifanyie kazi mwongozo kuhusu Mtazamo wa Kuegemea (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) na mwongozo kuhusu vyanzo vya kuaminika (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C itakagua maendeleo baada ya miezi 6.<br /> # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya itafute utaalamu wa ndani kuhusu jinsi inavyoruhusiwa kuelimisha msomaji kuhusu mada zinazohusiana na masuala ya LGBTQ bila kukiuka sheria katika nchi zinazozungumza Kiswahili na wakati huo huo kuepuka ubaguzi (kulingana na UCoC). Tumia habari hii kusaidia NPOV kwenye mada hizi. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ianze kujadiliana kuhusu kushughulikia rufaa za eneo lako na kuunda utaratibu wa kutii [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines|Mwongozo wa Utekelezaji]]. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuia ifafanue orodha ya kurasa au "mada zinazogombana" (kuanzia mada za LGBTQ) ambapo, mara tu zikiundwa, sera zilizotajwa hapo juu hutumiwa/hutumiwa kwa ukali zaidi. Wakati huo huo: *Wasimamizi kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiswahili (swwiki) wamepigwa marufuku kwenye kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, huku vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili vimekabidhiwa kwa Stewards na Global sysops (afua zozote zinaweza kuombwa kwenye Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] au [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Hapa kuna orodha isiyo kamili ya kurasa ambazo zimefunikwa: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Ushoga, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Ndoa ya jinsia moja, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Baada ya hatua zilizopendekezwa kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu kusanidiwa, wasimamizi wa swwiki wanaweza kukata rufaa dhidi ya marufuku ya mada. {{hidden | style = border: 1px black; width: 100%; | headerstyle = background:#f5f5f5 | contentstyle = | header = Translation in Italian/Tafsiri katika Kiitaliano | content = Secondo l'UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), lo Swahili è tra le 10 lingue più parlate al mondo con oltre 200 milioni di persone che lo parlano ed è una "lingue franche" in diversi paese dell'Africa orientale, centrale e meridionale nonché nel Medio-Oriente. Secondo Wikipedia ([[:en:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), lo Swahili è una delle lingue nazionali in Tanzania, Kenya, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Burundi, Uganda, è lingua ufficiale in Ruanda, in alcune aree della Somalia ed è abitualmente usato in altre aree della regione dei Grandi Laghi e dell'Africa Orientale e meridionale. Con l'eccezione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo e del Ruanda, in tutti i paese in cui lo Swahili è lingua nazionale, l'omosessualità non è solo illegale (in alcuni casi, come l'Uganda, è punita con la pena di morte) ma anche l'apparente promozione dell'omosessualità è severamente punita. Maggiori informazioni nei seguenti link: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C ha richiesto un parere legale per individuare quali rischi corrano i volontari e amministratori residenti in questi paese nell'effettuare modifiche o ripristinare contenuti che possono essere considerati promozionali dell'omosessualità anche se per standard Wikimediani (o del mondo occidentale) non sono considerati promozionali ma solo descrittivi o neutrali. Nel trattare questo caso le priorità dello U4C sono: *Tutelare gli utenti locali, specialmente coloro con diritti addizionali che possono essere erroneamente considerati come "responsabili" dei contenuti di un progetto *Tutelare i lettori e il loro diritto ad avere informazioni e contenuti neutrali '''In considerazione di ciò U4C''' # Raccomanda che la comunità della Wikipedia in Swahili lavori sulla creazione di linee guida sul punto di vista neutrale (Neutral Point of View - Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) e su una linea guida dedicata alle fonti attendibili e al loro uso (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C verificherà i progressi fra 6 mesi.<br /> # Raccomanda che la comunità ricerchi informazioni o consulenza locale su come fornire contenuti informativi sui temi collegati a LGBTQ senza violare leggi nei paesi di lingua Swahili ma allo stesso tempo senza discriminare (ai sensi di UCoC). Le informazioni ottenute andranno a supporto della linea guida sul punto di vista neutrale sull'argomento. # Raccomanda che la comunità inizi una discussione sulla gestione locale degli appelli ai blocchi e su una procedura degli stessi conforme alle linee guida sull'applicazione del codice di condotta [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Raccomanda che la comunità definisca una lista di pagine di "argomenti controversi" (partendo dal tema LGBTQ) dove, una volta create le linee guida del punto 1, queste vengano usate e applicate con particolare rigore. Allo stesso tempo: *Gli amministratori della Wikipedia in Swahili hanno un topic ban (blocco selettivo su tema specifico) dalle pagine riguardanti tematiche LGBTQ, gli interventi amministrativi legati alla moderazione di condotta e contenuto sono delegate agli Steward e ai Global sysop (gli interventi possono essere richiesti nelle pagine su Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] oppure [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Di seguito una lista non esasustiva delle pagine coinvolte: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Una volta che i rimedi raccomandati descritti nei punti più sopra sono stati attuati gli amministratori di swwiki possono richiedere la rimozione del topic ban. }} On behalf of U4C, '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 31 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Juni 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == Boti ya kukaribisha ya [[user:AmmarBot|Ammar]] == Ndugu zangu wanaWikipedia. Hivi karibuni, nikiwa huko jijini Nairobi, nilikutana na Ammar. Kijana wa Kihausa kutoka nchini Nigeria. Katika maongezi yetu, tukafikia hatua ya kuzungumzia boti za kukaribisha watu. Kijana huyu alikubali kutumia muda wake mchache kuunda boti ya kukaribisha watu. Hivyo basi kila kibarua cha karibu kila wakati kimetuishia. Tafadhalini msipoteza muda wenu kukaribisha watu. Boti itafanya kazi. Tazameni: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum%3AMichango&target=AmmarBot&namespace=all&tagfilter=&start=&end=&limit=50 Hapa] [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 13:45, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Hii nzuri! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::Ila BOT atachukua muda gani tangu mgeni kajiunga hadi atakapokaribishwa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia == Hello! Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}} Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. '''Why Paste Check?''' Paste Check benefits two audiences: * Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit. * Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time. The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors. '''How it works''' By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally. When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available: * Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why. * Remove the text – the text is removed. In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text. Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text. To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor. '''Get involved''' The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration. We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&language=&filter=&optional=1&action=translate please help translating it]):   [[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]] We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]]. As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next. '''Configuration and test''' For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag <code>editcheck-paste-shown</code> for easier tracking. You can try the proposed Paste Check interface: * visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&veaction=edit&ecenable=2 * Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt. Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}} [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=29293687 --> :This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! '''[[Mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 15:31, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' *Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|sw}}. *Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' *Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:41, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 19:49, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-10-06_Wikipedias&oldid=29381387 --> == Event Organizer Right for [[user:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] == Dear Swahili Wikipedia Admins, The Community Organizing Experience team (formerly the Campaigns team) at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting Wikimedia Arusha and Wikimedia Kilimanjaro to strengthen their capacity in adopting the CampaignEvents extension tools, including Event Registration tool for their 2025-26 General Support Funds activities. In order to implement this support, I would need the event organizer right on Swahili Wikipedia. I have also communicated this to [[user:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]] who recommended I ask for the right here. '''[[Mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|majadiliano]])''' 17:19, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] please gather here. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 18:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I support granting the event organizer right to EUwandu-WMF. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 20:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Toa maoni yako: pigia kura Bodi ya Wadhamini ya mwaka 2025 == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Habarini nyote, Kipindi cha upigaji kura cha [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini wa 2025]] sasa kimefunguliwa. Wagombea wanagombea viti 2 (viwili) kwenye Bodi. Ili kuangalia ustahiki wako wa mpiga kura, tafadhali tembelea [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|ukurasa wa ustahiki wa mpiga kura]]. Jifunze zaidi kuwahusu kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|kusoma taarifa zao za maombi na kutazama video zao za ugombeaji]]. Ukiwa tayari, nenda kwenye ukurasa wa kupiga kura wa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll kupiga kura]]. '''Upigaji kura utaanza tarehe 8 Oktoba saa 00:00 UTC hadi Oktoba 22 saa 23:59 UTC.''' Kila la kheri, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Mwenyekiti, Kamati ya Uchaguzi<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == Message from U4C == Dear Swahili community, (''Apologies for writing in English. A machine-translated version of this message is attached below for your convenience. In case of any discrepancies, please refer to the English version as the source.'') We have been made aware of the deletion of the article [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] and the subsequent block of @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (who can appeal on their talk page).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], could you please briefly explain what was the reason, among those listed here [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], for the speedy deletion of that page? We would like to remind you all and the administrators of this project in particular that local admins are currently topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, and admin actions related to content and conduct moderation are delegated to Stewards and Global sysops. Any intervention concerning related content or users should be requested on Meta. You can read our motion here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. This measure will remain in effect until the actions we have recommended for this project (listed here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] in the section U4C Actions) have been completed. If you need any help with these steps please do not hesitate to contact us. On behalf of the U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (''Hii ni tafsiri ya kiotomatiki'')<br /> Ndugu waswahili,<br /> Tumefahamishwa kuhusu kufutwa kwa makala [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] na kizuizi kilichofuata cha @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (anayeweza kukata rufaa kwenye ukurasa wao wa mazungumzo).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], tafadhali unaweza kueleza kwa ufupi sababu ilikuwa nini, miongoni mwa walioorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], kwa kufutwa haraka kwa ukurasa huo? Tungependa kuwakumbusha nyote na wasimamizi wa mradi huu hasa kwamba wasimamizi wa ndani kwa sasa wamepigwa marufuku kutoka kwa kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, na vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili hukabidhiwa kwa Steward na Global sysops. Uingiliaji kati wowote kuhusu maudhui yanayohusiana au watumiaji unapaswa kuombwa kwenye Meta. Unaweza kusoma hoja yetu hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. Hatua hii itaendelea kutumika hadi hatua ambazo tumependekeza kwa mradi huu (zilizoorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] katika sehemu ya U4C Actions) zimekamilika. Ikiwa unahitaji msaada wowote kwa hatua hizi tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi. Kwa niaba ya U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I’ve reviewed the deletion log, and the article has already been removed. Judging by the structure and grammar, it seems the contributor may not be fluent in Kiswahili—the article had significant linguistic and formatting issues. :While we appreciate efforts to represent diverse communities, it’s equally important that all articles meet the quality standards of Swahili Wikipedia. :In a constructive spirit, we can encourage the contributor to collaborate with others to improve the article before republishing. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 20:22, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Contributor is banned and only option for him is new account. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 08:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] the first version of the article was created by the user and [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=312781 deleted] on 1 October. After being pinged yesterday the user recreated the page ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315152 here]), it turned out that the user is a cross wiki abuser and the page was deleted by a Global Sysop who later [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315181 undeleted the page] because apparently it is a translation of enwiki. Nobody of us is able to understand if that content makes sense in Swahili or if it is an automatic translation, or meets speedy deletion criteria like you mentioned. Personally speaking U4C asked that articles about contentious topics should be based on reliable sources and that content does not meet that requirement. The user is global blocked so I do not foresee cooperation. If the content meets deletion criteria please use the delete template (I think it is this one {{tl|Futa}}?) and then request deletion on Meta (here: [[:m:Global_sysops/Requests]]). I understand that this is a little complicated but it is a temporary measure. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any help or suggestion about the recommended actions in our motion. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I have informed the admin team again not to interfere directly with those kinds of articles instead we should inform Stewards to take the matter. Thanks. We will surely reach out in case of anything resurfaced. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:33, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] many thanks, yes the right way is to inform Stewards or Global Sysops, your guidance is of course welcome (and needed) to overcome the language barrier. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Alternate version was correctly remade by TEMPORARY ACCOUNT and makes sense. Both "Emmanuel" accounts are ABUSERS, one locally blocked and other globally blocked. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] Share the recreated article that makes sense, please! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:34, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Recreated article with sense is here: [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Se non fossi impedito, metterei il template <nowiki>{{tafsiri kompyuta}}</nowiki> perché è una traduzione orripilante. Pace a te, Civvì! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :If there is consensus on deletion due to low quality please request the deletion on Meta (explaining the reasons). For sure the goal of our requests is not to lower your quality standards. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] na @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] The recreated article is another trash in the block. I will write global sysop to delete it. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 12:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Do not forget REDIRECTS and TALKS when deleting. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Four instances to delete: ::[[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::[[Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::'''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::"The recreated article is another trash in the block." FOUR INSTANCES. '''[[Mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|Soggo Ionno]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|majadiliano]])''' 12:15, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Kutafuta watu wa kujitolea kujiunga na kamati kadhaa za harakati. == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kila mwaka, kwa kawaida kuanzia Oktoba hadi Desemba, kamati kadhaa za harakati hutafuta watu wapya wa kujitolea. Soma zaidi kuhusu kamati hizo kwenye kurasa zao za Meta-wiki: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kamati ya Ushirikiano (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kamati ya Mapitio ya kesi (CRC)]] Maombi ya kamati hizo yatafunguliwa tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025. Maombi ya Kamati ya Ushirikiano, tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum na Kamati ya Mapitio ya Kesi yatafungwa tarehe 11 Desemba 2025. Jifunze namna ya kutuma maombi kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments| kutembelea ukurasa wa uteuzi kwenye Meta-Wiki]].Tuma kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano au barua pepe cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org na maswali yoyote ambayo unaweza kuwa nayo. Kwa timu ya Msaada ya Kamati, <section end="announcement-content" /> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == Will you help us test an updated Databox? == ''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it'' Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[w:sw:Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[w:sw:Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes: * A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item * New parameters <code>useImage=</code> and <code>excludeProperties=</code> can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays. ** '''<code>useImage=</code>''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.<br> Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}</nowiki><br><br> ** '''<code>excludeParameters=</code>''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.<br>Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}</nowiki> * The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:<br><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code><code>Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}</code> === How can you help? === Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs. Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits). The two Parameters will only show if the <nowiki>{{Databox}}</nowiki> wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.<br>[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].<br> Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].<br> Thank you, - '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=29580122 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == Mapitio ya kila mwaka ya Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Ninakuandikia ili kukujulisha kuwa muda wa upitiaji wa kila mwaka wa Kanuni za Maadili na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji umefunguliwa sasa. Unaweza kutoa mapendekezo ya mabadiliko hadi tarehe 9 Februari 2026. Hii ni hatua ya kwanza kati ya kadhaa itakayochukuliwa kwa upitiaji wa kila mwaka. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Soma maelezo zaidi na utafute mazungumzo ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu]] (U4C) ni kundi la kimataifa linalojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|unaweza kukagua Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe habari hii washiriki wengine katika jumuiya yako popote inapohitajika. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:Mazungumzo ya mtumiaji:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> 21:02, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:11, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 00:58, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) == Ndugu wanajumuia, Katika kuratibu na kuendesha miradi na kampeni mbalimbali za jamii yetu hapa Swahili Wikipedia (kama vile mashindano, warsha, dashboards, na kurasa za mradi kama `Wikipedia:Mradi wa...`), tumekuwa tukikumbana na changamoto ya kiufundi. Kwa sasa, mfumo wa usarifu wa picha (VisualEditor) haufanyi kazi kwenye maeneo haya ya kurasa za miradi (Project namespace), jambo linalotulazimu kutumia mfumo mgumu wa "Source Editor" (Wiki markup) hata kwa mambo madogo kama kutengeneza majedwali au muundo wa kurasa. Ili kurahisisha kazi kwa waratibu na wahariri wanaotengeneza kurasa hizi za kampeni, nimefungua tiketi kule Phabricator kuomba wataalamu wa Wikimedia Foundation watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor kwenye Project namespace ya swwiki. Wataalamu wa Phabricator wametujibu kuwa tayari wako tayari kufanya mabadiliko hayo, lakini kwa sheria za kiutaratibu, wanahitaji kuona Maridhiano ya Jumuia (Community Consensus) hapa uwanjani kwetu kwanza kabla hawajawasha mfumo huo. Wanatutanabahisha pia kuwa VisualEditor haikutengenezwa maalum kwa ajili ya kurasa za majadiliano, hivyo kunaweza kuwa na changamoto ndogo za mpangilio (kama indentations) tukiiitumia kwenye majadiliano ya miradi, jambo ambalo tunaona halitazuia ufanisi wa kazi kubwa ya kuratibu kurasa zenyewe za miradi. Tafadhali naomba kura zenu za Kuunga Mkono (Support) au maoni yenu hapa chini ili tukishapata ridhaa ya pamoja, nipeleke link ya mjadala huu Phabricator na mabadiliko haya yafanyike mara moja. Unaweza kuona tiketi hiyo Phabricator hapa: [[phab:T427117|⚓ T427117 Enable VisualEditor in the Project namespace for Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki)]] Pamoja tunajenga Wikipedia yetu! {{Strong support}}--[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:07, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 09:26, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) {{strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChriKo|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 04:41, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 07:38, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}--'''--'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC)''' </br>{{Strong support}}-- [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 18:06, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--- '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 19:14, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Piga kura sasa katika uchaguzi wa 2026 U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Wapigakura walaotimiza vigezo na masharti ya kupiga kura wanaombwa kushiriki katika uchaguzi wa 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Kanuni na mwongozo wa Maadili kwa wote]]. Maelezo zaidi ikijumuisha ukaguzi wa ustahiki, maelezo ya mchakato wa kupiga kura, maelezo ya mgombeaji, na kiungo cha kupiga kura zinapatikana kwenye Meta katika [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 ukurasa wa maelezo ya Uchaguzi]]. Kura itafungwa tarehe 2 Juni 2026 kwa [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC]. Tafadhali piga kura ikiwa akaunti yako imekidhi vigezo. Matokeo yatatolewa kufikia 14 Juni 2026. -- Kwa kushirikiana na U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:15, 27 Mei 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|majadiliano]])</bdi> 17:11, 23 Juni 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="Message"/> '''Legal & Safety Contacts''' Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]]. <section end="Message"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:30, 25 Juni 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=30731267 --> == Request for comment (the future of Abstract Wikipedia) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies if this has not yet been translated into your wiki's language. {{int:Please-translate}} You are invited to voice your opinions in a [[:m:Requests for comment/The future of Abstract Wikipedia|request for comment about the future of Abstract Wikipedia]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[:m:User:Kowal2701|Kowal2701]] ([[:m:User talk:Kowal2701|talk]]) 12:25, 24 Julai 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:DreamRimmer@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2026-09-23|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' * Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2026-09-23|sw}}. * Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' * Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> [[m:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] 12:58, 15 Septemba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=30513874 --> == Your feedback wanted: Remove ''(Language link added:) and similar'' edits from Special:RecentChanges == ''(Apologies for posting in English. You can help by translating it)'' Hello, I’m Danny from [[:en:w:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland’s]] [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team.<br/> We have been investigating and examining how Wikidata’s use in the [[Special:RecentChanges]] and [[Special:Watchlist]] pages can be made to be more useful, or less ‘noisy’ (fewer edits that have little value to the reader). We are currently exploring to make a change in the volume and the type of Wikidata edits that appear in these pages, and '''we need your feedback''' to help us ensure this is a positive change for the Wikis and won’t disrupt your workflows.<br/> Language links are also known as sitelinks or interlanguage links and describe when a Wikidata item is connected to a Wiki, adding it to the language dropdown tool for other connected Wikis. [[File:Types of Lang Link changes.png|x350px|frame|A variety of "Language Link" edits as seen in the Recent Changes feed]] The request for feedback is whether you support the removal of these language link edits from the Recent Changes and Watchlist feed, or would you oppose such a change and if so, why? Please share you thoughts on the dedicated '''[[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|metawiki Talk page]]'''. Further information about this change: [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Hide_Language_Link_edits]] Thank you for any participation or feedback you give, -- [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] 15:16, 22 Septemba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=31067455 --> == Wikidata Sitelink changes in Recent Changes and Watchlist == ''(Apologies for cross-posting in English, translating it will help spread the message)'' Earlier last month, all Wikis were contacted for feedback on our proposal to remove language link changes, this change has already been deployed to Wikisource, Wikibooks, Wikivoyage, Wikiquote, Wikiversity and Wiktionary. The same change is now being rolled out globally to all Wikipedias on '''October 13, 07:00 UTC'''. Editors will no longer see notifications after this time on their [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] and [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]] when a link to ''another'' language version of a page is added, removed, or changed in its Wikidata item (it does not affect language link notifications to the home wiki). There will then be a two-week monitoring period to observe if a reduction of high-volume but low-value notifications takes place, or if higher-value changes become easier to identify. Editors who rely on these notifications should be aware of the change and can share feedback or concerns on the Wikidata For Wikimedia [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|Projects talk page]].<br/> Wikidata's own Recent Changes page is not affected as it serves as the repository for these changes. Please reach out if you have any questions, or if your wiki would like to opt-out, thank you! -- [[User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[User_talk:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|talk]]) sent via '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 09:29, 9 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=31142775 --> == Wazo la Mradi: Kuongeza Makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (C-Dramas & K-Dramas) == Habari zenu wakuu na wahariri wenzangu wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili, Natumai mnaendelea vyema na ujenzi wa kamusi elezo yetu. Nimekuwa nikipitia maudhui yetu ya burudani na sanaa, na nimegundua kuna pengo kubwa sana (systemic bias) la makala zinazohusu filamu, tamthilia, na waigizaji wa ukanda wa Asia (hususan China na Korea). Licha ya kwamba filamu za Kung Fu, C-Dramas, na K-Dramas zina mashabiki mamilioni katika nchi zetu za Afrika Mashariki tangu miaka ya 80 hadi sasa, wasomaji wetu wakitafuta wasifu wa waigizaji hao au tamthilia maarufu kwa Kiswahili hawapati taarifa za kutosha. Ili kuziba pengo hili na kuleta usawa wa maarifa (Knowledge Equity), ninafikiria kuomba ruzuku ndogo ya Rapid Fund kutoka Wikimedia Foundation (WMF). Lengo langu ni kuandaa warsha ya siku moja (In-person workshop) hapa Dar es Salaam, itakayofuatiwa na kampeni ya mwezi mmoja ya uandishi mtandaoni (Online Edit-a-thon). Kupitia mradi huu, tunalenga kuvutia vijana wapya na wapenzi wa filamu hizi, kuwafundisha misingi ya uandishi wa Wikipedia, na kutengeneza makala mpya 80 hadi 100 za sanaa hizo kwa Kiswahili sahihi na chenye vyanzo. Kabla ya kuwasilisha maombi haya rasmi WMF, ningependa kupokea maoni, ushauri, au mapendekezo yenu kuhusu wazo hili. Je, mnaona ni mradi utakaofaa? Na je, kuna changamoto yoyote mnayoiona ambayo tunapaswa kuizingatia? Nawasilisha, na asanteni kwa ushirikiano wenu wa kila siku. # {{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 10:03, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :ni wazo zuri sana.. :Ushauri wangu ni huu... :*Kuzingatia Ubora kuliko idadi pekee: Lengo la makala 300–400 linaweza kuvutia, lakini ni muhimu kueleza jinsi utakavyohakikisha kila makala ina vyanzo huru vya kuaminika na inakidhi miongozo ya Wikipedia. :*Wigo wa mada: Badala ya kuzingatia waigizaji na filamu maarufu pekee, unaweza kujumuisha wakurugenzi, watayarishaji na historia ya sinema za Asia, mradi kila mada inakidhi vigezo vya umuhimu wa Wikipedia. :*Uendelevu wa jamii: Eleza jinsi utakavyowasaidia washiriki kuendelea kuhariri hata baada ya kampeni kuisha, kwa mfano kupitia kikundi cha mawasiliano, ushauri wa wahariri wenye uzoefu na ufuatiliaji wa makala zilizoundwa. :Pendekezo langu: Chapisha ujumbe huu kwanza ili kupata maoni ya wahariri. Majibu yao yanaweza kukusaidia kuboresha wigo wa mradi, bajeti, malengo yanayopimika na mpango wa utekelezaji kabla ya kuwasilisha ombi rasmi la Rapid Fund.... Ahsante '''[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ladygoody|majadiliano]])''' 10:56, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] Kimsingi itahusu kila kitu si filamu pekee hadi waongozaji. Kimsingi ni cinema za Asia. Makala 100, sitaki kuandika makala ya mstari mmoja. Tutakaowafunza tutawaeleza dhima ya uundaji makala pana badala ya makala fupi-fupi zinazoja wingi pekee. Kama mimi nilivutiwa na mafunzo ya @[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]] na akina @[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] nami pia nina uhakika wa kuvutia wengi kwa vile nina uzoefu na uwezo pia wa kutumia WIKI MARK UP language kuliko watu wengi tu. Ukiacha challenge yako, unakubali au unakataa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 12:10, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju|Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju|majadiliano]])''' 18:33, 1 Novemba 2026 (UTC) {{Support}}:::@[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] Wazo ni zuri, ila kwa kawaida wanaoanzisha hizi editathon hawafuatilii makala zilizotungwa na wahariri wapya, hawazisahahishi wala kuziboresha, hawaendele kuwapa maelekezo wanapoona wamekosea pengine kwa namna za kushangaza. Mzungu anawekwa katika jamii "Watu wa Ufilipino" na wakati huohuo "Watu kutoka Abu Dhabi"... Huyo @[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] mwenyewe, anayehimiza kuzingatia ubora kuliko idadi pekee, anatunga makala nyingi harakaharaka na kunipa kazi kuzisahihisha. Tena ni wiki kadhaa haweki tena vyanzo vyovyote, baada ya kuzuiwa asitumie vile vya Wikimedia... Naomba ukianzisha, mwezi mzima baada ya warsha uwajibike kweli. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:33, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::@Ikikupendeza, tutakuja kuifanyia pale Morogoro ili mambo yasiwe mengi. Ninaomba sana! '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 12:42, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Ikikupendeza, ingependa ije kuifanyika pale Morogoro Alfagem ili mambo yasiwe mengi. Ninaomba sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 12:45, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::::Ndugu, sijakuelewa ulipoandika "ili mambo yasiwe mengi". '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:46, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Hapo nimekusudia iwapo tutakuwa mbali, hapo kwa wazee tutavuna mengi mno. 1) baraka za wazee, 2) ulezi kutoka kwa wazee, 3) tutapata mafunzo ya ana kwa ana na wakongwe wa kazi huku wakituasa namna bora ya kuanzisha miradi na kuisimamia. Hapo mambo hayawi mengi! '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 13:18, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::::::@[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]], pole, ila kwa kweli nimeelewa kidogo. Baraka sawa, ulezi kidogo sawa, mafunzo ya ana kwa ana kidogo sawa, ila kuhusu namna bora ya miradi sina uzoefu wa kwangu mimi. Naona ya wengine na kutambua shida mbalimbali. Kwanza wewe unakaa Arusha au wapi? Warsha ni siku moja, mradi ni mwezi mzima: utakaa siku ngapi? Ukifika Alfagems utaleta watu wengine au unategemea wanafunzi wetu? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:27, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :Wazo ni Zuri na ninaliunga mkono, Kila la herí! '''[[Mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|Elizabeth Samwel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|majadiliano]])''' 16:12, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|Elizabeth Samwel]] Weka hivi {{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 16:27, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 16:52, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:ShijaOne|ShijaOne]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ShijaOne|majadiliano]])''' 20:15, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|Elizabeth Samwel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Elizabeth Samwel|majadiliano]])''' 00:26, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}}: wazo zuri na lenye kuleta tija kwa wasomaji na jamii tuliyonayo ,naunga mkono kwa asilimia mia moja. '''[[Mtumiaji:Bycashtz|Bycashtz]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Bycashtz|majadiliano]])''' 03:59, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Mate Mingi|Mate Mingi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mate Mingi|majadiliano]])''' 07:04, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}}: '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' Ninaunga mkono hoja hii ya mradi. Ni wazo zuri litakalosaidia kuongeza makala za filamu na waigizaji wa Asia, hususan C-Dramas na K-Dramas, katika Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Mradi huu utachangia kupunguza pengo la maudhui, kuongeza maarifa kwa wasomaji na kuwahamasisha wahariri wapya kushiriki katika kukuza Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Nakupongeza kwa kuanzisha wazo hili na ninatumaini litapata mafanikio. {{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 23:27, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :{{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 11:09, 21 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) {{Strong support}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' <br>{{Strong support}}-'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 10:19, 26 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == Edit Wikidata Items on mobile devices == ''(Apologies for typing in English)'' Did you know that you can edit any Wikidata statement directly from your mobile device, just like on desktop? Since October 2026 all datatypes are now supported for mobile editing. This feature is automatically available to all users. Visit any Item on your mobile and try it out. If you run into issues or have feedback, share it on the project talk page: [[d:Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements|Mobile editing of statements]]. Happy editing on mobile. -'''[[Mtumiaji:Zita Zage (WMDE)|Zita Zage (WMDE)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zita Zage (WMDE)|majadiliano]])''' 11:55, 23 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2026-10-28|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' * Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2026-10-28|sw}}. * Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' * Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 14:00, 26 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=30513874 --> == Jinsi gani tunaweza kuzalisha wataalamu wenye utendaji kazi wa hali juu katika taasisi zetu za vyuo vya kati na elimu ya juu? == Kumekuwa na wimbi kubwa sana la kiwa na wataalamu wengi wasio kuwa compitent katika utendaji katika kada zao je kwa namna gani tunaweza kuondokana au kupunguza wimbi ilo '''[[Mtumiaji:Ahabu|Ahabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ahabu|majadiliano]])''' 23:05, 27 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) po5q95cleaqobtgoyeasdn7xv8y6e0y 0 2194 1612484 1497331 2026-11-02T02:25:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi|jina_rasmi=Jamhuri ya Jibuti|jina_asili=جمهورية جيبوتي ([[Kiarabu]])<br>''République de Djibouti'' ([[Kifaransa]])<br>''Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti'' ([[Kisomali]])<br>''Gabuutih Ummuuno'' ([[Kiafar]])|bendera=Flag_of_Djibouti.svg|nembo=Emblem_of_Djibouti.svg|kaulimbiu=<br>اتحاد، مساواة، سلام ([[Kiarabu]])<br>''Unité, Égalité, Paix'' ([[Kifaransa]])<br>''Midnimo, Sinnaan, Nabad'' ([[Kisomali]])<br>''Inkittiino, Qeedala, Wagari'' ([[Kiafar]])<br>"Umoja, Usawa, Amani"|wimbo=''[[Jibuti (wimbo)|Jibuti]]''<br>[[File:The_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg]]|lugha_taifa={{hlist |[[Kisomali]]|[[Kiafar]]}}|lugha_rasmi={{hlist |[[Kiarabu]]|[[Kifaransa]]}}|asilimia_makabila=60 [[Wasomali]]<br>35 [[Waafar]]<br>5 [[Waarabu]]|serikali=[[Jamhuri]] yenye [[Udikteta|mdikteta]]|vyeo_viongozi={{*}}Rais|majina_viongozi=[[Ismaïl Omar Guelleh]]|ramani=Djibouti (orthographic projection).svg|mji_mkuu=[[Jibuti (mji)|Jibuti]]|latd=11|latm=36|latNS=N|longd=43|longm=10|longEW=E|ramani2=Djibouti map-sw.svg|eneo_jumla=23 200<ref name="worldfactbook">{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Djibouti|access-date=30 March 2024|year=2023}}</ref>|watu_kadirio=976 143<ref name="worldfactbook"/>|mwaka_kadirio=2023|pato_halisi={{ongezeko}} USD bilioni 7.193<ref name="IMFWEO.DJ">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=611,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Djibouti) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=20 October 2023}}</ref>|mwaka_pato=2023|pato_halisi_kwa_mtu={{ongezeko}} USD 6 985<ref name="IMFWEO.DJ" />|pato={{ongezeko}} USD bilioni 3.873<ref name="IMFWEO.DJ" />|pato_kwa_mtu={{ongezeko}} USD 3 761<ref name="IMFWEO.DJ" />|fedha=[[Faranga ya Jibuti]]|majira_saa=+3<br>([[Saa za Afrika Mashariki|Afrika Mashariki]])|tld=.dj|iso3166=DJ|msimbo_simu=+253|udereva=Kulia}} '''Jibuti''' ([[Kifaransa]]: ''Djibouti;'' [[Kiarabu]]: '''جيبوتي'''), kirasmi '''Jamhuri ya Jibuti''', ni nchi ndogo ya [[Afrika ya Mashariki]] kwenye [[Pembe la Afrika]]. Imepakana na [[Eritrea]], [[Ethiopia]] na [[Somalia]] upande wa bara. Kuna [[pwani]] ya [[Bahari ya Shamu]] na [[Ghuba ya Aden]]. Ng'ambo ya bahari iko nchi ya [[Yemen]] katika [[umbali]] wa [[km]] 20 pekee. [[Jina]] la nchi linatokana na lile la [[mji mkuu]], [[Jibuti (mji)|Jibuti]]. ==Jiografia== Hali ya nchi inalingana kwa karibu na ile ya [[mataifa]] mengine katika [[Mashariki]] mwa [[Afrika]], Jibuti ilipo, ikipakana na [[Ghuba ya Aden]] na [[Bahari ya Shamu]], katikati ya [[Eritrea]], [[Ethiopia]] na [[Somalia]]. ===Eneo=== Kwa [[kilomita|km]] 13 Jibuti inapakana na [[Eritrea]], huku kukiwa na [[urefu]] wa kilomita 337 za mpaka kati ya Jibuti na [[Ethiopia]], na mpaka wa km 58 na [[Somalia]]. Kwa jumla ina mpaka wa km 506. Pia ina [[pwani]] ya urefu wa km 314. Jibuti inakaa kaika eneo la kufana, ikiwa karibu na leni zenye shughuli nyingi zaidi duniani la meli na pia karibu na mahali pa [[Uchimbaji madini|uchimbaji]] [[Mafuta ya petroli|mafuta]] nchini [[Saudi Arabia|Saudia]]. Jibuti pia ni kituo cha [[reli]] ya [[Ethiopia-Jibuti (Reli)|Ethiopia-Jibuti]]. ===Hali ya hewa=== [[Hali ya hewa|Hali yake ya hewa]] ni ya [[joto]] kiasi, na pia haina [[mvua]] (ni [[jangwa]]). ===Miinuko=== [[Milima]] iliyopo katikati ya nchi hugawa [[tambarare]] za pwani kutoka plateau. Eneo la chini zaidi ni [[Ziwa Assal]] mita 155 chini ya [[usawa wa bahari]] na la juu zaidi ni [[volikano]] [[Moussa Ali]] yenye [[kimo]] cha mita 2028. Hakuna [[shamba]] la ukulima, unyunyizaji maji, [[mimea]] iliyojimeza huko ([[msitu]] upo tu katika milima ya Goda, hasa mbuga ya Day Forest). Takribani [[asilimia]] 9 ya nchi ni malisho yeliyojimeza (1993 mashariki). Kwa hiyo Jibuti inahesabiwa kuwa sehemu ya nyasi ya Ethiopia, isipokuwa kijisehemu kinachopakana na [[Bahari ya Shamu]] ambacho ni baadhi ya [[Jangwa la Pwani ya Eritrea]] ambayo inajulikana kuwa njia nzuri ya uhamiaji wa [[Ndege (mnyama)|ndege]] ambao wanaweza kuwindwa<ref>http://www.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/at/at1304_full.html</ref>. ===Mazingira=== Matukio ya kimaumbile ni pamoja na [[Matetemeko ya ardhi]], [[kiangazi]], [[mawimbi]] kutoka [[Bahari ya Hindi]] ambayo husababisha [[mafuriko]] na [[mvua]] kubwa. [[Malighafi]] ni pamoja na [[umeme]] kutoka ardhini (geothermal energy). Eneo hili limekumbwa na uhaba wa [[maji salama]] ya kunywa na pia kugeuka kwa eneo hilo kuwa [[jangwa]]. Jibuti ni mwanachama wa makubaliano ya kimataifa kuhusu [[mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa]], ueneaji wa jangwa, [[viumbehai]] vilivyo hatarini, sheria ya bahari, kulinda ukanda wa [[ozoni]] na [[uharibifu wa mazingira]] na meli. ==Historia== Nchi ilikuwa [[koloni]] la [[Ufaransa]] kwa jina la [[Somalia ya Kifaransa]], halafu ([[1967]]) [[Eneo la Kifaransa la Waafar na la Waisa]], kutokana na majina ya ma[[kabila]] mawili makubwa zaidi ya eneo hilo. Sababu ya kuanzishwa kwa koloni ilikuwa nia ya [[Ufaransa]] ya kuwa na [[bandari]] ya [[Jibuti (mji)|mji wa Jibuti]] karibu na [[Bab el Mandeb]] inayotawala [[mawasiliano]] kati ya [[Bahari Hindi]] na Bahari ya Shamu kuelekea [[Mfereji wa Suez]]. Nchi ilipata [[uhuru]] tarehe [[27 Juni]] [[1977]]. Hadi leo umuhimu na uchumi wake unategemea [[bandari]], ambapo zinapitia [[asilimia]] 95 za [[bidhaa]] zinazoingizwa Ethiopia. Nchi hiyo imeunganishwa na Jibuti [[kwa]] [[reli]], moja ya zamani, na nyingine mpya iliyokamilika mwaka [[2016]]. ==Watu== Siku hizi wakazi wengi (60[[%]]) ni [[Wasomali]], hasa wa [[kabila]] la [[Waisa]], halafu [[Waafar]] (35%). [[Asilimia]] 5 zilizobaki ni [[Waarabu]], [[Waethiopia]] na [[Wazungu]] (hasa Wafaransa na [[Waitalia]]). [[Lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kifaransa]] na [[Kiarabu]]. [[Kisomali]] na [[Kiafar]] ni [[lugha ya taifa|lugha za taifa]].[[File:Ismail Omar Guelleh 2010.jpg|300px|thumb|Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle.]]Upande wa [[dini]], [[Uislamu]] unafuatwa na 94% za wakazi na ndio [[dini rasmi]] pekee. Asilimia 6 wanafuata [[Ukristo]] katika [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki]] kutoka [[Ethiopia]] (3.2%), halafu [[Wakatoliki]] (1.4%) na [[Waprotestanti]] (chini ya 1%). ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons|Djibouti}} ; Serikali *{{cite web |title=Site Officiel de la République de Djibouti |url=http://www.presidence.dj/ |publisher=Serikali ya Jibuti |trans_title=Tovuti rasmi ya Jamhuri ya Jibuti |language=fr |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110205080506/http://www.presidence.dj/ |archivedate=2011-02-05 |accessdate=2015-09-10 |url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |title=Office National de Tourisme de Djibouti |url=http://www.visitdjibouti.dj/ |publisher=National Official of Tourism of Djibouti}} ; Taarifa za jumla *{{CIA World Factbook link|dj|Djibouti}} *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13231761 Djibouti profile] from the [[BBC News]]. *{{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Djibouti}} ; Mengineyo *[http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=DJ Key Development Forecasts for Djibouti] from [[International Futures]].{{Wikiatlas|Djibouti}} {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Jibuti|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Bahari ya Shamu]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia lugha ya Kifaransa]] [[Jamii:Pembe ya Afrika]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] mn0rd39omklhfhf1287h2xscrbx50d0 0 2645 1612389 1611933 2026-11-01T13:53:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612389 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; background-color: #f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #7d7d7d; padding: 5px; float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; clear: right;" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; padding: 8px;" | Jakarta |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 5px;" | [[Picha:Bundaran Hotel Indonesia (2025) (cropped).jpg|250px|Sanamu ya Selamat Datang katika Jakarta]]<br /><small>[[Sanamu ya Selamat Datang]]</small> |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; padding: 4px;" | Taarifa za jumla |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Jina rasmi: | style="padding: 3px;" | Mkoa Maalumu wa Mji Mkuu wa Jakarta<br />''Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta'' |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Aina: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Mikoa ya Indonesia|Mkoa maalumu wa mji mkuu]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Nchi: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Indonesia]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Msingi (kama ''Jayakarta''): | style="padding: 3px;" | [[22 Juni]] [[1527]]<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Jakarta: Sejarah 400 Tahun|author=Alwi Shahab|year=2017|publisher=Kompas|page=3}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Uundaji (kama ''Batavia''): | style="padding: 3px;" | [[30 Mei]] [[1619]]<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Jakarta: A History of the City of Jakarta|author=Indraprahasta|author2=Derudder|year=2019|page=4}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Hali ya mkoa: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[18 Januari]] [[1957]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=BPK|work=Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan|year=1957|page=3}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Gavana: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Pramono Anung]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Naibu Gavana: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Rano Karno]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Eneo: | style="padding: 3px;" | 664 km² |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Eneo la jiji: | style="padding: 3px;" | 6,799 km²<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Hidayat, Asvaliantina, Aji, Maulana|year=2024|page=2}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Idadi ya watu (2025): | style="padding: 3px;" | 11,010,514<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Understanding the Difference in Jakarta Population Data: UN Data vs. Population and Civil Registration Office Data|work=Jakarta Population and Civil Registration Office|year=2025}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Idadi ya watu wa jiji (2025): | style="padding: 3px;" | 41,914,000<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs|year=2025|page=107}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Msimbo wa posta: | style="padding: 3px;" | 10110–14540; 19110–19130 |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Msimbo wa simu: | style="padding: 3px;" | +62 21 |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Tovuti: | style="padding: 3px;" | [https://www.jakarta.go.id/ jakarta.go.id] |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; padding: 4px;" | Majina ya zamani |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 5px; font-size: 95%;" | Sunda Kelapa • Jayakarta<br />Batavia |} '''Jakarta''' ni [[mji mkuu]] na [[mji]] mkubwa zaidi wa [[Indonesia]], wenye hali ya utawala sawa na [[mikoa ya Indonesia|mkoa]]. Ipo katika pwani ya kaskazini-magharibi mwa [[Java]], ikipakana na [[Java Magharibi]] na [[Banten]] — inatazamana na [[Bahari ya Java]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|page=3}}</ref> Jakarta ina eneo lenye ukubwa takriban km² 664. Hadi kufikia 2025, jiji lilikuwa na wakazi wapatao milioni 11. Eneo lake la mijini linaenea hadi mipakani mwa mkoa (linajulikana kwa jina la ''Jabodetabek''), ambalo lilikuwa na idadi ya watu karibu milioni 42 mwaka 2025 kulingana na [[Umoja wa Mataifa]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs|year=2025|page=107}}</ref> Eneo la Jakarta ya leo lilihusishwa kwa muda mrefu na [[Sunda Kelapa]], [[bandari]] ya [[Ufalme wa Sunda]]. Vikosi vya Kiislamu viliteka Kalapa mwaka 1527, baada ya hapo mji huo ukawa unajulikana kama Jayakarta ukawa chini ya [[Usultani wa Banten]]. [[Kampuni ya Kiholanzi ya Mashariki ya India]] (VOC) iliteka Jayakarta mwaka 1619 na kuijenga upya kama [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]], [[kitovu]] chake kikuu cha utawala barani [[Asia]] na bandari muhimu ya biashara.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|pages=2–3, 17–18}}</ref> Wakati wa [[Indonesia kutekwa na Japani|utekaji wa Japani]] katika [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia]], mamlaka ilibadilisha jina la Batavia kuwa Jakarta. [[Uhuru]] wa Indonesia ulitangazwa humo mwaka [[1945]] na baada ya [[Mapinduzi ya Taifa ya Indonesia]], Jakarta ikawa mji mkuu wa [[jamhuri]] ya umoja mwaka 1950.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|pages=20–21}}</ref> Jakarta ilikua kwa kasi baada ya uhuru wa Indonesia. [[Uhamiaji]] kutoka sehemu mbalimbali za Indonesia umeunda [[idadi]] na [[utamaduni]] wake. Ukuaji wa mijini umeenea hadi [[Bogor]], [[Depok]], [[Tangerang]] na [[Bekasi]], na kuunda eneo la jiji lenye mzunguko mkubwa wa kila siku wa wasafiri. Jakarta ni kitovu cha [[fedha]] na [[biashara]] cha Indonesia na kitovu cha utawala wa kitaifa. Pia ni nyumbani kwa makao makuu ya kampuni nyingi, vyombo vya habari, vyuo vikuu na sekretarieti ya [[ASEAN|Jumuiya ya Mataifa ya Asia Kusini-Mashariki]] (ASEAN).<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Indraprahasta|author2=Derudder|year=2019|page=4}}</ref> Jakarta haina kabila kubwa moja. Makundi makubwa ni pamoja na [[Wajava]], [[Wabetawi]], [[Wasunda]] na [[Wachina wa Indonesia]]. [[Kiindonesia]] ni [[lugha rasmi]] na [[lugha]] kuu ya maisha ya umma, huku utamaduni wa Kibetawi ukiundwa kutokana na mwingiliano wa watu wa asili mbalimbali katika Batavia ya kikoloni.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Kusno|year=2025|pages=296–299}}</ref> Jakarta inakabiliwa na matatizo ya kudumu ikiwemo [[msongamano]] wa usafiri, mafuriko, kutitia kwa ardhi, uchafuzi wa hewa, na shinikizo kwenye huduma za maji na taka. Mwaka 2022, [[serikali]] ya Indonesia ilianza mchakato wa kisheria wa kuhamisha mji mkuu wa nchi hadi [[Nusantara]] katika [[Kalimantan Mashariki]], lakini Jakarta bado ni mji mkuu hadi uhamisho utakapothibitishwa kwa amri ya [[rais]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The capital's 'childhood' names|work=The Jakarta Post|year=2019}}</ref> == Etimolojia == Eneo la Jakarta ya leo limekuwa na majina mengi. Wakati wa [[Ufalme wa Sunda]], bandari yake ilijulikana kama ''Kalapa'' au ''Sunda Kalapa'' na ilikuwa mojawapo ya bandari kuu za ufalme huo kwenye pwani ya kaskazini ya Java Magharibi.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|pages=2–3}}</ref> Taarifa ya karne ya 16 na daktari wa dawa wa Kireno, [[Tomé Pires]], ilirejelea bandari hiyo kama ''Calapa''.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Pires|year=1990|page=172}}</ref> Jina ''Jayakarta'' limehusishwa kwa jadi na uvamizi wa Kalapa mwaka 1527 na vikosi vya Kiislamu vilivyodaiwa kuongozwa na [[Fatahillah]], lakini nyaraka zilizobaki hazithibitishi kwamba yeye ndiye aliyebadilisha jina la mji huo.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|page=3}}</ref> Jina hilo ni la [[Kisanskrit]] na linamaanisha "ushindi" au "kitendo cha ushindi". Vyanzo vya mapema vya Ulaya vilirekodi aina zinazohusiana, zikiwemo ''Iacarta'', ''Xacatra'', na ''Jacatra''.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|page=17}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Pires|year=1990|page=172}}</ref> Baada ya VOC kuteka na kuharibu Jayakarta mwaka 1619, ilijenga upya mji huo kama ''Batavia'', uliopewa jina la [[Wabatavi]], watu wa Kijerumani waliotazamwa na Waholanzi kama mababu wao.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|page=18}}</ref> Batavia ilibaki kuwa jina la mji huo hadi utekaji wa Japani mwaka 1942, wakati mamlaka yalipobadilisha jina hilo kuwa Jakarta na kutumia jina ''Jakaruta Tokubetsu-shi''.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|pages=20–21}}</ref> Baada ya uhuru wa Indonesia, Jakarta ikawa jina rasmi la mji huo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The capital's 'childhood' names|work=The Jakarta Post|year=2019}}</ref> == Historia == === Makazi ya awali na Sunda Kelapa === [[Utamaduni wa Buni]] ulikuwa utamaduni wa kale wa ufinyanzi uliopatikana katika maeneo ya pwani ya kaskazini na magharibi mwa Java.. Umehesabiwa kuwa na umri wa takriban 400 KK–100 BK, na ushahidi unaonyesha kuwa unaweza kuendelea hadi takriban 500 BK.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Batujaya Temple complex listed as national cultural heritage|work=The Jakarta Post|year=2019}}</ref> Ushahidi wa maandishi wa kipindi hiki ni pamoja na [[Maandishi ya Tugu]] ya karne ya 5 ya katikati, yaliyopatikana karibu na [[Tanjung Priok]] katika Jakarta Kaskazini ya leo. Maandishi hayo yanarekodi uchimbaji wa njia mbili za maji, ''Candrabhaga'' na ''Gomati'', na kumhusisha ya pili na Mfalme Purnawarman. Hata hivyo, uhusiano kati ya njia za maji na utambulisho wa mtawala aliyehusika na ''Candrabhaga'' haujulikani kwa uhakika.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Noorduyn|author2=Verstappen|year=1972|page=298}}</ref> Kufikia karne ya 10, [[Ufalme wa Sunda]] ulianza katika Java Magharibi na kutawala eneo la Jakarta ya leo.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|page=13}}</ref> Kazi ya Wachina ''[[Zhu Fan Zhi|Chu-fan-chi]]'' inaeleza ''Sin-t'o'' kama yenye bandari na kutengeneza pilipili.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Zhao|year=1911|page=70}}</ref> Kufikia mwanzo wa karne ya 16, Kalapa ilikuwa mojawapo ya bandari kuu za Ufalme wa Sunda.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|page=13}}</ref> Tomé Pires aliielezea kama bandari muhimu zaidi ya Sunda, ikivuta meli kutoka Sumatra, Malacca, Java na sehemu nyingine.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Pires|year=1990|page=172}}</ref> Mnamo Machi 1513, nahodha wa Kireno wa Malacca alituma meli nne hadi Java kupata viungo.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Pires|year=1990|page=xxv}}</ref> Ufalme wa Sunda ulifanya mkataba na Ureno tarehe 21 Agosti 1522.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Pires|year=1990|page=172}}</ref> Mkataba huo uliruhusu Wareno kujenga ngome katika Kalapa, kwa sababu Sunda ilikuwa inatafuta msaada wa Wareno katika shinikizo kutoka [[Usultani wa Cirebon]] na [[Usultani wa Demak]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|page=16}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Reid|year=2010|page=433}}</ref> Mwaka 1527, vikosi vya Kiislamu viliteka Kalapa, lakini vyanzo vinatofautiana kuhusu iwapo [[Fatahillah]] au [[Sunan Gunungjati|Sunan Gunung Jati]] ndiye aliongoza uvamizi huo.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|page=17}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Reid|year=2010|page=433}}</ref> Baada ya uvamizi huo, Kalapa ikawa tegemezi la [[Usultani wa Banten]] na ilirekodiwa katika vyanzo vya kigeni kama ''Iacarta'', ''Xacatra'' au ''Jacatra''. Banten baadaye ilikua kuwa nguvu kubwa ya baharini katika Java Magharibi.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gultom|year=2017|page=17}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Reid|year=2010|page=433}}</ref> === Batavia chini ya utawala wa Waholanzi === Katika mwanzo wa karne ya 17, Jayakarta ilikuwa chini ya udhibiti wa Banten na ikawa kitu cha ushindani kati ya VOC na [[Kampuni ya Kiingereza ya Mashariki ya India]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Knörr|year=2014|pages=46, 124}}</ref> Baada ya uvamizi, nahodha wa jeshi la bahari wa Kiholanzi, [[Jan Pieterszoon Coen]], alirudi na msaada mnamo Mei 1619, akashinda Jayakarta na kuteketeza makao ya kifalme.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Blussé|year=2025|page=18}}</ref> VOC iliweka makao makuu yake ya Asia kwenye eneo hilo na baadaye kuita mji huo Batavia.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=van der Brug|year=2000|page=45}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Indraprahasta|author2=Derudder|year=2019|page=4}}</ref> Batavia ilikua kama mji wa mifereji yenye kuta kwenye tambarare ya chini ya pwani katika mdomo wa [[Ciliwung|Ciliwung]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=van der Brug|year=2000|pages=45, 47}}</ref> Hata hivyo, mifereji hiyo ilipita vibaya na kukusanya matope, na ukuaji wa haraka wa mchanga wa pwani ulichangia hali ya kutokuwa na afya.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=van der Brug|year=2000|page=47}}</ref> Kuanzia miaka ya 1730, milipuko ya magonjwa ilifanya Batavia kuwa hatari zaidi kuishi, na wakazi wengi waliondoka kutoka mji wa kale.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=van der Brug|year=2000|pages=43, 47–48}}</ref> Licha ya matatizo ya afya, Batavia ilibaki kuwa kitovu kikuu cha utawala wa VOC barani Asia na bandari muhimu ya biashara.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=van der Brug|year=2000|page=45}}</ref> Wakazi wa Wachina walihusika katika biashara, kilimo, ufundi na ujenzi wa Batavia, na waliishi ndani ya mji na mashamba ya nje (''Ommelanden'').<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Kusno|year=2025|pages=296–299}}</ref> Mwaka 1740, vurugu kati ya wafanyakazi wa Wachina katika ''Ommelanden'' na jibu la VOC liliongeza hadi [[Mauaji ya Batavia ya 1740|mauaji ya wakazi wa Wachina]] katika Batavia.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Kusno|year=2025|page=300}}</ref> Baada ya mauaji hayo, makazi ya Wachina yaliendelea nje ya kuta za mji. Mnamo Machi 1741, VOC ilitenga eneo la Wachina katika ''Diestpoort'', kusini mwa Batavia, katika eneo baadaye linalojulikana kama [[Glodok]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Kusno|year=2025|page=300}}</ref> Kufikia mwanzo wa karne ya 19, wakazi walikuwa wakiondoka kutoka mji wa kale wenye matatizo ya afya, na uhamisho hadi ''Weltevreden'' (Jakarta Kati ya leo) uliongeza ukuaji wa Batavia kusini.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Indraprahasta|author2=Derudder|year=2019|page=4}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Nas|author2=Grijns|year=2000|pages=7–8}}</ref> ''Weltevreden'' ilikua karibu na majengo ya serikali na makazi makubwa yenye bustani, huku mji wa kale wa chini ukiendelea kuwa eneo la biashara lenye eneo la Wachina.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Nas|author2=Grijns|year=2000|page=8}}</ref> Ukuaji wa baadaye ulienea Batavia kusini hadi [[Menteng]] na kujumuisha ''Meester Cornelis'' (Jatinegara ya leo).<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Nas|author2=Grijns|year=2000|page=8}}</ref> Mnamo Machi 1942, jeshi la Kiholanzi lilikabidhi Batavia kwa [[Dola la Japani|Japani]], na mamlaka ya utekaji wa Japani yalibadilisha jina la mji huo kuwa Jakarta.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The capital's 'childhood' names|work=The Jakarta Post|year=2019}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Indraprahasta|author2=Derudder|year=2019|page=4}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Commons}} {{Mbegu-jio-Asia}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Miji Mikuu Asia]] [[Jamii:Jakarta| ]] qakyw8xtoc5mmn1aftw5lmrf9fs54oo 0 3108 1612544 1179672 2026-11-02T10:08:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Settlement |jina_rasmi = Kismayu |picha_ya_satelite = Kismayo.jpg |pushpin_map = Somalia |pushpin_map_caption = Mahali pa mji wa Kismayu katika Somalia |settlement_type = Jiji |subdivision_type = [[Madola|Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Somalia]] |subdivision_type1 = |subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 183,300 |latd=0 |latm=21 |lats=37 |latNS=N |longd=42 |longm=32 |longs=56 |longEW=E |website = }} [[Picha:Kismayo.jpg|thumb|Muonekano wa mji wa Kismaayo]] [[Picha:Somalia_location_map.svg|thumb|Ramani]] '''Kismayu''' (pia: '''Kismayo''' au kwa [[Kisomali]]: '''Kismaayo''') ni [[mji]] katika [[mkoa]] wa [[Jubbada Hoose]] wa [[Somalia]] mwambaoni mwa [[Bahari Hindi]]. Uko karibu na [[mdomo]] wa [[mto]] [[Juba (mto)|Juba]]. Kismayu ndio mji mkubwa katika eneo la Jubbaland. Mji wenyewe uko [[km]] 528 [[kusini]] [[magharibi]] mwa [[mji mkuu]] [[Mogadishu]]. Katika [[mwaka]] wa [[2011]], Kismayu ilikadiriwa kuwa na wakaazi 183,300<ref>"SOMALIA City & Town Population Geography Population Map cities coordinates location - Tageo.com". www.tageo.com. Retrieved 23 December 2016.</ref>. == Historia == Mji ulianzishwa na [[Wabajuni]] waliokuwa [[Waswahili]] Wabantu. [[Wasomali]] wenyewe walichelewa kufika eneo hili. Katika karne za kati, Kismayu ilikuwa chini ya serikali ya [[Ajuuraan]] iliyokuwa ikutawala eneo kadhaa za [[Somalia]]. Kismayu pamoja na pwani ilikuwa chini ya masultani wa [[Zanzibar]] tangu [[1835]] [[BK]]. Kati ya [[1875]] na [[1876]] Kismayu ilitawaliwa na [[Misri]]. Tangu [[1895]] ilikuwa chini ya utawala wa [[Uingereza]] pamoja na [[Kenya]] lakini mwaka [[1924]] ilikabidhiwa kwa utawala wa [[Italia]]. Ikawa mji mkuu wa jimbo la ''Oltre Giuba'' (ng'ambo ya Juba). Kismayu iliharibika sana kutokana na mapigano katika [[vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe]] vya Somalia tangu 1991. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Somalia]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == *[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Somalia.html WorldStatesmen- Somalia] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060118105924/http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L16782563.htm] {{Mbegu-jio-Somalia}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Somalia]] bbo4jh4ek1y6dhlmq3a6hiclad4dc3u 0 3201 1612438 1602791 2026-11-01T18:03:45Z Gayle157 73366 /* */ [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi]] Expand 1612438 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country |native_name = Republic of Sierra Leone |conventional_long_name = |common_name = Sierra Leone |image_flag = Flag of Sierra Leone.svg |image_coat =Coat of arms of Sierra Leone.svg |symbol_type = Nembo |image_map = LocationSierraLeone.png |national_motto = Unity - Freedom - Justice (Umoja, Uhuru, Haki) |national_anthem =''[[High We Exalt Thee, Realm of the Free]]'' (Twakusifu nchi ya watu huru) |official_languages =[[Kiingereza]] |capital =[[Freetown]] |latd= 8|latm=31 |latNS=N |longd=13 |longm=15 |longEW=W |largest_city = [[Freetown]] |government_type = [[Jamhuri]] |leader_titles =[[Orodha ya Marais wa Sierra Leone|Rais]] |leader_names =[[Julius Maada Bio]] |area_rank =ya 119 |area_magnitude =1 E11 |area=71,740 |areami²=27,699 |percent_water =1.1 |population_estimate = 8,909,040 |population_estimate_rank = ya 100 ¹ |population_estimate_year =Julai 2023 |population_census = 5,426,618 |population_census_year =2000 |population_density =112 |population_densitymi² =290.1 |population_density_rank = ya 114 ¹ |GDP_PPP = $5.022 billioni<!--CIA--> |GDP_PPP_rank = ya 156 |GDP_PPP_year= 2005 |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $900 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 177 |sovereignty_type = [[Uhuru]] |established_events = kutoka [[Uingereza]] |established_dates = [[27 Aprili]] [[1961]] |HDI = 0.298 |HDI_rank = ya 176 |HDI_year =2003 |HDI_category =<font color="#E0584E">low</font> |currency =[[Leone]] |currency_code = SLL |country_code = |time_zone = [[GMT]] |utc_offset = +0 |time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |cctld = [[.sl]] |calling_code = 232 }} '''Sierra Leone''', rasmi kama '''Jamhuri ya Sierra Leone''', ni nchi katika [[Afrika ya Magharibi]], inayopakana na [[Guinea]] kaskazini na kaskazini-mashariki, [[Liberia]] kusini-mashariki, na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] magharibi. Ina idadi ya watu takriban milioni 8.8, ikiwa ya 103 duniani. Jiji lake kubwa zaidi na mji mkuu ni [[Freetown]]. Sierra Leone imegawanyika katika mikoa 5. Inajulikana kwa historia yake kama makazi ya watumwa waliorejea Afrika, migodi yake ya almasi, na tamaduni zake tajiri zinazoakisi mchanganyiko wa makabila zaidi ya 16. Historia ya Sierra Leone imeathiriwa na uhamiaji, biashara, ukoloni na biashara ya utumwa ya kuvuka [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]]. Mwaka 1787, makazi ya [[Freetown]] yalianzishwa kama makazi ya Waafrika waliokuwa wamefunguliwa kutoka utumwani, na baadaye yakawa mahali pa kwenda kwa Waafrika waliokuwa wameachiliwa huru kutoka sehemu mbalimbali za ulimwengu wa Atlantiki. Sierra Leone ikawa koloni la Taji la Uingereza mwaka 1808, huku maeneo yaliyoizunguka yakawa himaya lindwa ya [[Uingereza]] mwaka 1896. Nchi hiyo ilipata uhuru kutoka [[Uingereza]] tarehe 27 Aprili 1961, huku Sir Milton Margai akiwa waziri mkuu wake wa kwanza. Baada ya uhuru, Sierra Leone ilipitia vipindi vya kukosekana kwa utulivu wa kisiasa, hali iliyofikia kilele cha vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vilivyodumu kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 2002 na kusababisha uharibifu mkubwa pamoja na watu wengi kuyahama makazi yao. Sierra Leone ina uchumi mchanganyiko unaotegemea [[kilimo]], uchimbaji madini, [[uvuvi]] na sekta ya huduma. Kilimo kinaajiri sehemu kubwa ya watu, huku mchele ukiwa chakula kikuu cha nchi hiyo. Nchi hiyo ina rasilimali nyingi za madini, zikiwemo [[almasi]], rutile, bauksi na madini ya chuma, ambazo huchangia katika uchumi wake wa [[mauzo ya nje]]. Hata hivyo, maendeleo ya uchumi yameathiriwa na vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe, upungufu wa miundombinu, umaskini na mlipuko wa [[Ebola|ugonjwa wa Ebola]] wa mwaka 2014–2016. Tangu kumalizika kwa vita hivyo, juhudi zimeelekezwa katika kujenga upya miundombinu, kuboresha huduma za umma na kuendeleza rasilimali asilia za nchi. [[Jina]] la nchi lina asili ya [[Kireno]] na linamaanisha "Mlima wa Simba". == Historia == {{main|Historia ya Sierra Leone}} Nchi yenyewe ilianzishwa na [[Waingereza]] kwa kuunda [[mji]] wa [[Freetown]] ("Mji wa watu huru") [[mwaka]] [[1787]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sierra Leone {{!}} Culture, History, & People {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Sierra-Leone|work=www.britannica.com|accessdate=2023-02-26|language=en}}</ref>. Kusudi lake likuwa kuwarudisha [[Afrika]] watu waliowahi kuwa [[watumwa]]. Kiasili wale wakazi wa kwanza walikuwa watumwa weusi waliopewa [[uhuru]] kwa sababu walishikamana na Waingereza dhidi ya [[Wamarekani]] katika vita vya uhuru wa Marekani. Baadaye Waingereza wapinzani wa utumwa walinunua watumwa wakiwapa uhuru na kuwapeleka Sierra Leone. Tangu mwaka [[1807]] [[Uingereza]] ulikataza [[biashara ya watumwa]] (lakini utumwa wenyewe bado) na watumwa waliopatikana kwenye [[meli]] za [[biashara]] hiyo haramu walipelekwa Sierra Leone na kupewa uhuru. Ikianzishwa na shirika la wapinzani wa utumwa Sierra Leone ikajwa [[koloni]] la kwanza la Uingereza katika Afrika ya Magharibi mwaka [[1792]]. Kuanzia mwaka [[1802]] Freetown ilikuwa [[makao makuu]] ya Kiingereza kwa Afrika ya Magharibi. Mnamo Mwaka [[1961]], Aprili 27, Sierra Leone ilipewa uhuru wake. Miaka ya [[1994]] - [[2002]] nchi ilikuwa na [[vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe]]. Tangu mwisho wake nchi inajengwa tena. ==Watu== Wakazi asili wamegawanyika katika ma[[kabila]] 16, kila moja likiwa na [[lugha]] na [[utamaduni]] maalumu; kati yake makubwa zaidi ni Watemmne (35.5%) na Watembe (33.2%). Lugha inayojulikana na [[asilimia]] 96 za wakazi ni [[Kikrio]], aina ya [[Krioli]] ya [[Kiingereza]] iliyochanganya pia lugha mbalibali za Kiafrika. Lakini [[lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kiingereza]]. Upande wa [[dini]], [[Waislamu]] ni 78.5%, [[Wakristo]] ni 20.4% na wafuasi wa [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] hawafikii 2%. Sierra Leone ni [[nchi isiyo na dini]] [[dini rasmi|rasmi]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya lugha za Sierra Leone]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo== * Acemoglu, Daron, Tristan Reed, and James A. Robinson. "Chiefs: Economic Development and Elite Control of Civil Society in Sierra Leone," ''Journal of Political Economy'' (2014) 122#2 pp.&nbsp;319–368 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/674988 in JSTOR] *[https://books.google.com/books?id=5j61GUfpX5YC&pg=PA19&lpg=PA19 Imodale Caulker-Burnett, ''The Caulkers of Sierra Leone: The Story of a Ruling Family and Their Times''] (Xlibris, 2010) *[https://books.google.com/books?id=B5RxmwC6aNwC&dq=Political+Change+in+a+West+African+State:+A+Study+of+the+Modernization+Process+in+Sierra+Leone&source=gbs_navlinks_s Harris, David. ''Civil War and Democracy in West Africa: Conflict Resolution, Elections and Justice in Sierra Leone and Liberia''], I.B. Tauris, 2012 * {{Rejea kitabu|title=Conflict and Collusion in Sierra Leone|url=https://books.google.com/?id=SEz1PCvILHUC&printsec=frontcover|author=Keen, David|publisher=Oxford: James Currey|year=2005|isbn=0-85255-883-X|accessdate=}} * {{Rejea kitabu|author=Kup, Alexander Peter|title= A History of Sierra Leone, 1400–1787|year= 1961|publisher=Cambridge University Press |location= Cambridge|isbn= 0-7864-1814-1}} * {{Rejea kitabu|author=Sillinger, Brett|title= Sierra Leone: Current Issues and Background|year= 2003|publisher=Nova Science Publishers |location= New York|isbn= 1-59033-662-3}} * {{Rejea kitabu|ref=Utting|author=Utting, Francis A|title= The Story of Sierra Leone|year= 1931|publisher=Ayer Company Publishers |isbn= 0-8369-6704-6}} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons}} * [http://www.sierraleone.com SierraLeone.com] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sierraleone.com/ |date=20070316013130 }} ;Serikali * [http://www.statehouse.gov.sl/ The Republic of Sierra Leone] official government site * [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/SL.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/SL.html |date=20150905110758 }} * [http://www.slminerals.org/ Ministry of Mineral Resources] official government minerals site ;Taarifa za jumla * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1061561.stm Country Profile], [[BBC News]] * {{CIA World Factbook link|sl|Sierra Leone}} * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/sierraleone.htm Sierra Leone] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/sierraleone.htm |date=20080607085717 }}, ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Sierra_Leone}} * {{wikiatlas|Sierra Leone}} * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SL Key Development Forecasts for Sierra Leone], [[International Futures]] ;Vyombo vya habari * [http://news.sl/ ''Awareness Times''] {{Wayback|url=http://news.sl/ |date=20080905131237 }} Newspaper * [http://www.thenewpeople.com/ ''The New People''], nNewspaper * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210302122028/http://allafrica.com/sierraleone/ News headline links], [[AllAfrica.com]] * [http://www.my-sierra-leone-life.com/ Sierra Leone News & Blog] {{Wayback|url=http://www.my-sierra-leone-life.com/ |date=20150919131013 }}, Current Sierra Leone News & Blog ;Trade *[http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/SLE/Year/2002/Summary Sierra Leone 2002 Summary Trade Statistics] ; Tourism * [http://www.sierraleonetourism.sl/ National Tourist Board of Sierra Leone] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sierraleonetourism.sl/ |date=20100114022948 }} official site ;Mengineyo * [http://www.sierraleoneforum.com/ Sierra Leone Forum] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sierraleoneforum.com/ |date=20150906040336 }} * [http://fosalone.org/ Friends of Sierra Leone] * [http://www.schoolsforsalone.org/ Schools for Salone], non-profit dedicated to rebuilding schools * [http://www.enciss-sl.org/ ENCISS] civil society and governance * [http://auradicals.com/ The Auradicals Club] {{Wayback|url=http://auradicals.com/ |date=20110510101125 }}, Student Club in Fourah Bay College * [http://www.sierra-leone.org/ Sierra Leone Web] * [http://sweetsalonefilm.blogspot.nl/ ''Sweet Salone''], 2008 film on new music in Sierra Leone * [http://www.sc-sl.org/ War Crimes Trials in Sierra Leone] * [http://www.hurrarc.org/ Hurrarc – Human Rights Respect Awareness Raising Campaigners] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hurrarc.org/ |date=20140714041603 }}, Sierra Leone NGO * [http://www.storiesfromlakkabeach.com/ ''Stories from Lakka Beach''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.storiesfromlakkabeach.com/ |date=20140629064622 }}, 2011 documentary about life in a post-conflict beach town {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} {{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Sierra Leone|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]] [[Jamii:1lib1ref 2023]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] 6ffkpm7jsxiabc4qn71ufshggl0p3pz 1612440 1612438 2026-11-01T18:07:41Z Gayle157 73366 /* */ [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi]] Kuongeza Vyanzo 1612440 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country |native_name = Republic of Sierra Leone |conventional_long_name = |common_name = Sierra Leone |image_flag = Flag of Sierra Leone.svg |image_coat =Coat of arms of Sierra Leone.svg |symbol_type = Nembo |image_map = LocationSierraLeone.png |national_motto = Unity - Freedom - Justice (Umoja, Uhuru, Haki) |national_anthem =''[[High We Exalt Thee, Realm of the Free]]'' (Twakusifu nchi ya watu huru) |official_languages =[[Kiingereza]] |capital =[[Freetown]] |latd= 8|latm=31 |latNS=N |longd=13 |longm=15 |longEW=W |largest_city = [[Freetown]] |government_type = [[Jamhuri]] |leader_titles =[[Orodha ya Marais wa Sierra Leone|Rais]] |leader_names =[[Julius Maada Bio]] |area_rank =ya 119 |area_magnitude =1 E11 |area=71,740 |areami²=27,699 |percent_water =1.1 |population_estimate = 8,909,040 |population_estimate_rank = ya 100 ¹ |population_estimate_year =Julai 2023 |population_census = 5,426,618 |population_census_year =2000 |population_density =112 |population_densitymi² =290.1 |population_density_rank = ya 114 ¹ |GDP_PPP = $5.022 billioni<!--CIA--> |GDP_PPP_rank = ya 156 |GDP_PPP_year= 2005 |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $900 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 177 |sovereignty_type = [[Uhuru]] |established_events = kutoka [[Uingereza]] |established_dates = [[27 Aprili]] [[1961]] |HDI = 0.298 |HDI_rank = ya 176 |HDI_year =2003 |HDI_category =<font color="#E0584E">low</font> |currency =[[Leone]] |currency_code = SLL |country_code = |time_zone = [[GMT]] |utc_offset = +0 |time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |cctld = [[.sl]] |calling_code = 232 }} '''Sierra Leone''', rasmi kama '''Jamhuri ya Sierra Leone''', ni nchi katika [[Afrika ya Magharibi]], inayopakana na [[Guinea]] kaskazini na kaskazini-mashariki, [[Liberia]] kusini-mashariki, na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] magharibi. Ina idadi ya watu takriban milioni 8.8, ikiwa ya 103 duniani. Jiji lake kubwa zaidi na mji mkuu ni [[Freetown]]. Sierra Leone imegawanyika katika mikoa 5. Inajulikana kwa historia yake kama makazi ya watumwa waliorejea Afrika, migodi yake ya almasi, na tamaduni zake tajiri zinazoakisi mchanganyiko wa makabila zaidi ya 16. Historia ya Sierra Leone imeathiriwa na uhamiaji, biashara, ukoloni na biashara ya utumwa ya kuvuka [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]]. Mwaka 1787, makazi ya [[Freetown]] yalianzishwa kama makazi ya Waafrika waliokuwa wamefunguliwa kutoka utumwani, na baadaye yakawa mahali pa kwenda kwa Waafrika waliokuwa wameachiliwa huru kutoka sehemu mbalimbali za ulimwengu wa Atlantiki. Sierra Leone ikawa koloni la Taji la Uingereza mwaka 1808, huku maeneo yaliyoizunguka yakawa himaya lindwa ya [[Uingereza]] mwaka 1896. Nchi hiyo ilipata uhuru kutoka [[Uingereza]] tarehe 27 Aprili 1961, huku Sir Milton Margai akiwa waziri mkuu wake wa kwanza. Baada ya uhuru, Sierra Leone ilipitia vipindi vya kukosekana kwa utulivu wa kisiasa, hali iliyofikia kilele cha vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vilivyodumu kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 2002 na kusababisha uharibifu mkubwa pamoja na watu wengi kuyahama makazi yao.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=History of Sierra Leone|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Sierra-Leone|website=www.britannica.com|publisher=Britannica|access-date=2026-11-01}}</ref> Sierra Leone ina uchumi mchanganyiko unaotegemea [[kilimo]], uchimbaji madini, [[uvuvi]] na sekta ya huduma. Kilimo kinaajiri sehemu kubwa ya watu, huku mchele ukiwa chakula kikuu cha nchi hiyo. Nchi hiyo ina rasilimali nyingi za madini, zikiwemo [[almasi]], rutile, bauksi na madini ya chuma, ambazo huchangia katika uchumi wake wa [[mauzo ya nje]]. Hata hivyo, maendeleo ya uchumi yameathiriwa na vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe, upungufu wa miundombinu, umaskini na mlipuko wa [[Ebola|ugonjwa wa Ebola]] wa mwaka 2014–2016. Tangu kumalizika kwa vita hivyo, juhudi zimeelekezwa katika kujenga upya miundombinu, kuboresha huduma za umma na kuendeleza rasilimali asilia za nchi. [[Jina]] la nchi lina asili ya [[Kireno]] na linamaanisha "Mlima wa Simba". == Historia == {{main|Historia ya Sierra Leone}} Nchi yenyewe ilianzishwa na [[Waingereza]] kwa kuunda [[mji]] wa [[Freetown]] ("Mji wa watu huru") [[mwaka]] [[1787]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sierra Leone {{!}} Culture, History, & People {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Sierra-Leone|work=www.britannica.com|accessdate=2023-02-26|language=en}}</ref>. Kusudi lake likuwa kuwarudisha [[Afrika]] watu waliowahi kuwa [[watumwa]]. Kiasili wale wakazi wa kwanza walikuwa watumwa weusi waliopewa [[uhuru]] kwa sababu walishikamana na Waingereza dhidi ya [[Wamarekani]] katika vita vya uhuru wa Marekani. Baadaye Waingereza wapinzani wa utumwa walinunua watumwa wakiwapa uhuru na kuwapeleka Sierra Leone. Tangu mwaka [[1807]] [[Uingereza]] ulikataza [[biashara ya watumwa]] (lakini utumwa wenyewe bado) na watumwa waliopatikana kwenye [[meli]] za [[biashara]] hiyo haramu walipelekwa Sierra Leone na kupewa uhuru. Ikianzishwa na shirika la wapinzani wa utumwa Sierra Leone ikajwa [[koloni]] la kwanza la Uingereza katika Afrika ya Magharibi mwaka [[1792]]. Kuanzia mwaka [[1802]] Freetown ilikuwa [[makao makuu]] ya Kiingereza kwa Afrika ya Magharibi. Mnamo Mwaka [[1961]], Aprili 27, Sierra Leone ilipewa uhuru wake. Miaka ya [[1994]] - [[2002]] nchi ilikuwa na [[vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe]]. Tangu mwisho wake nchi inajengwa tena. ==Watu== Wakazi asili wamegawanyika katika ma[[kabila]] 16, kila moja likiwa na [[lugha]] na [[utamaduni]] maalumu; kati yake makubwa zaidi ni Watemmne (35.5%) na Watembe (33.2%). Lugha inayojulikana na [[asilimia]] 96 za wakazi ni [[Kikrio]], aina ya [[Krioli]] ya [[Kiingereza]] iliyochanganya pia lugha mbalibali za Kiafrika. Lakini [[lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kiingereza]]. Upande wa [[dini]], [[Waislamu]] ni 78.5%, [[Wakristo]] ni 20.4% na wafuasi wa [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] hawafikii 2%. Sierra Leone ni [[nchi isiyo na dini]] [[dini rasmi|rasmi]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya lugha za Sierra Leone]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo== * Acemoglu, Daron, Tristan Reed, and James A. Robinson. "Chiefs: Economic Development and Elite Control of Civil Society in Sierra Leone," ''Journal of Political Economy'' (2014) 122#2 pp.&nbsp;319–368 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/674988 in JSTOR] *[https://books.google.com/books?id=5j61GUfpX5YC&pg=PA19&lpg=PA19 Imodale Caulker-Burnett, ''The Caulkers of Sierra Leone: The Story of a Ruling Family and Their Times''] (Xlibris, 2010) *[https://books.google.com/books?id=B5RxmwC6aNwC&dq=Political+Change+in+a+West+African+State:+A+Study+of+the+Modernization+Process+in+Sierra+Leone&source=gbs_navlinks_s Harris, David. ''Civil War and Democracy in West Africa: Conflict Resolution, Elections and Justice in Sierra Leone and Liberia''], I.B. Tauris, 2012 * {{Rejea kitabu|title=Conflict and Collusion in Sierra Leone|url=https://books.google.com/?id=SEz1PCvILHUC&printsec=frontcover|author=Keen, David|publisher=Oxford: James Currey|year=2005|isbn=0-85255-883-X|accessdate=}} * {{Rejea kitabu|author=Kup, Alexander Peter|title= A History of Sierra Leone, 1400–1787|year= 1961|publisher=Cambridge University Press |location= Cambridge|isbn= 0-7864-1814-1}} * {{Rejea kitabu|author=Sillinger, Brett|title= Sierra Leone: Current Issues and Background|year= 2003|publisher=Nova Science Publishers |location= New York|isbn= 1-59033-662-3}} * {{Rejea kitabu|ref=Utting|author=Utting, Francis A|title= The Story of Sierra Leone|year= 1931|publisher=Ayer Company Publishers |isbn= 0-8369-6704-6}} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons}} * [http://www.sierraleone.com SierraLeone.com] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sierraleone.com/ |date=20070316013130 }} ;Serikali * [http://www.statehouse.gov.sl/ The Republic of Sierra Leone] official government site * [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/SL.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/SL.html |date=20150905110758 }} * [http://www.slminerals.org/ Ministry of Mineral Resources] official government minerals site ;Taarifa za jumla * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1061561.stm Country Profile], [[BBC News]] * {{CIA World Factbook link|sl|Sierra Leone}} * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/sierraleone.htm Sierra Leone] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/sierraleone.htm |date=20080607085717 }}, ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Sierra_Leone}} * {{wikiatlas|Sierra Leone}} * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SL Key Development Forecasts for Sierra Leone], [[International Futures]] ;Vyombo vya habari * [http://news.sl/ ''Awareness Times''] {{Wayback|url=http://news.sl/ |date=20080905131237 }} Newspaper * [http://www.thenewpeople.com/ ''The New People''], nNewspaper * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210302122028/http://allafrica.com/sierraleone/ News headline links], [[AllAfrica.com]] * [http://www.my-sierra-leone-life.com/ Sierra Leone News & Blog] {{Wayback|url=http://www.my-sierra-leone-life.com/ |date=20150919131013 }}, Current Sierra Leone News & Blog ;Trade *[http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/SLE/Year/2002/Summary Sierra Leone 2002 Summary Trade Statistics] ; Tourism * [http://www.sierraleonetourism.sl/ National Tourist Board of Sierra Leone] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sierraleonetourism.sl/ |date=20100114022948 }} official site ;Mengineyo * [http://www.sierraleoneforum.com/ Sierra Leone Forum] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sierraleoneforum.com/ |date=20150906040336 }} * [http://fosalone.org/ Friends of Sierra Leone] * [http://www.schoolsforsalone.org/ Schools for Salone], non-profit dedicated to rebuilding schools * [http://www.enciss-sl.org/ ENCISS] civil society and governance * [http://auradicals.com/ The Auradicals Club] {{Wayback|url=http://auradicals.com/ |date=20110510101125 }}, Student Club in Fourah Bay College * [http://www.sierra-leone.org/ Sierra Leone Web] * [http://sweetsalonefilm.blogspot.nl/ ''Sweet Salone''], 2008 film on new music in Sierra Leone * [http://www.sc-sl.org/ War Crimes Trials in Sierra Leone] * [http://www.hurrarc.org/ Hurrarc – Human Rights Respect Awareness Raising Campaigners] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hurrarc.org/ |date=20140714041603 }}, Sierra Leone NGO * [http://www.storiesfromlakkabeach.com/ ''Stories from Lakka Beach''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.storiesfromlakkabeach.com/ |date=20140629064622 }}, 2011 documentary about life in a post-conflict beach town {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} {{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Sierra Leone|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]] [[Jamii:1lib1ref 2023]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] 0m5i2ucpshxiawfpo1v3eyblyqjomoh 0 3845 1612472 1514812 2026-11-01T23:19:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612472 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Isilandi | jina_asili = ''Lýðveldið Ísland'' | bendera = Flag of Iceland.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of Iceland.svg | kaulimbiu = | wimbo = ''Lofsöngur'' | ramani = Iceland (orthographic projection).svg | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Reykjavík]] | majiranukta1 = 64°08′K | majiranukta2 = 21°56′M | lugha_rasmi = [[Kiisilandi]] | lugha_taifa = | kiongozi1 = Halla Tómasdóttir | kiongozi2 = Kristrún Frostadóttir | cheo_kiongozi1 = [[Rais]] | cheo_kiongozi2 = [[Waziri Mkuu]] | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia''' | tukio1 = Makazi ya awali | tukio2 = Muungano na [[Norwei]] | tukio3 = Jamhuri ya Isilandi | tukio1_tarehe = [[Karne ya 9]] | tukio2_tarehe = [[1262]] | tukio3_tarehe = 17 [[Juni]] [[1944]] | eneo_jumla = 103,125 | cheo_eneo = 106 | maji = 2.07% | ardhi = | watu_kadirio = 389,444 | mwaka_kadirio = 2025 | msongamano = 3.78 | pato_ppp = {{increase}} $27.078 bilioni | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $69,833 | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = 8 | plt = {{increase}} $30.570 bilioni | mwaka_pato = 2023 | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $78,836 | cheo_plt_kawaida = 109 | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = 8 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | maendeleo = {{increase}} 0.972 {{juu}} | cheo_hdi = 1 | gini = 23.2 | mwaka_gini = 2018 | fedha = [[Kroni ya Isilandi]] (ISK) | majira_saa = +0 (GMT) | udereva = Kulia | msimbo_simu = 354 | tld = .is }} '''Isilandi''' (pia: '''Aislandi'''; [[jina rasmi]]: '''Jamhuri ya Isilandi'''; kwa [[Kiisilandi]]: ''Lýðveldið Ísland'') ni [[nchi]] ya [[Kisiwa|visiwa]] iliyoko katika sehemu ya [[kaskazini]]-[[magharibi]] mwa [[Ulaya]], kati ya [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] ya Kaskazini na [[Bahari ya Aktiki]]. Inajumuisha kisiwa kikuu cha Isilandi na visiwa vidogovidogo vinavyokizunguka. Isilandi ni nchi huru yenye mfumo wa [[jamhuri]] ya [[bunge]], na [[mji]] wake [[mji mkuu|mkuu]] na mkubwa zaidi ni [[Reykjavík]], ambao ni makazi ya zaidi ya [[theluthi]] moja ya watu wote nchini. Isilandi ina [[idadi]] ya watu takriban 389,000 ([[2025]]), na eneo la [[Kilomita ya mraba|kilomita za mraba]] 103,125, ikiwa na [[msongamano]] mdogo wa takriban watu 3.78 kwa km². [[Lugha rasmi]] ni Kiisilandi, na [[sarafu]] inayotumika ni Krona ya Isilandi (ISK). == Jiografia == [[Picha:FlightOverVatnajoekull.jpg|120px|thumb|left|Vatnajökull ni [[barafuto]] kubwa kabisa ya Ulaya]] Isilandi ina [[asili]] ya [[volkeno|kivolkeno]]. Ni kisiwa kikubwa zaidi cha [[safu]] ya [[mgongo kati wa Atlantiki]] mahali ambako [[bamba|mabamba]] ya [[bamba la Amerika ya Kaskazini|Amerika ya Kaskazini]] na [[bamba la Ulaya-Asia|Ulaya-Asia]] yanakutana. Kwa sababu hiyo kuna [[Mlima|milima]] mingi, hasa volkeno ni nyingi, mashuhuri kati yake ni [[Hekla]], [[Eldgjá]], [[Herðubreið]] na [[Eldfell]]. Kwa ujumla [[hali ya hewa]] ni [[Halijoto|baridi]] na [[barafuto]] zinafunika sehemu kubwa ya nchi. Hasa [[nyanda za juu]] ni baridi mno, hivyo hakuna [[mimea]]. Karibu makazi yote ya watu ni karibu na pwani. Kusini mwa kisiwa haikuwa baridi mno kwa sababu ya [[mkondo wa ghuba]] linaloendelea kusukuma [[maji]] ya [[ghuba ya Meksiko]] hadi Atlantiki ya kaskazini. [[Mkondo]] huo unapofikia Isilandi si ya [[moto]] tena lakini [[vuguvugu]] kidogo hivyo inazuia baridi kali sana. Volkeno zimesababisha kuwepo kwa [[maji ya moto]] mahali pengi. Waisilandi wanapenda kuogelea nje katika [[bwawa|mabwawa]] hata wakati wa [[theluji]] katika maji ya moto kutokana na [[joto]] la kivolkeno. Joto hilo linatumika kidogo hata kwa [[kilimo]]; linapasha moto [[nyumba za kioo]] na kuwezesha mimea kuzaa matunda mwaka wote, hata wakati wa baridi kali. Kwa njia hiyo Isilandi inavuna [[ndizi]] na [[chungwa|machungwa]] yake. == Historia == === Historia ya awali=== Isilandi iko mbali na [[bara]] la [[Ulaya]] na la [[Amerika]], tena katika [[mazingira]] ya baridi. Hivyo inaaminika haikuwa na [[watu]] kabisa hadi mwaka [[800]] [[BK]]. [[Wataalamu]] hawakubaliani kama ni [[baharia|mabaharia]] kutoka [[Norwei]] au [[Eire]] waliobahatika kufika kisiwani na kujenga makao ya kwanza. Hakika waliofika wengi kidogo walikuwa [[Wavikingi]] au Wa[[norwei]] wa kale katika [[karne ya 9]]. Kama Waeire walikuwepo walifukuzwa au kuwa sehemu za Wavikingi. Mtu wa kwanza aliyekumbukwa kwa [[jina]] alikuwa [[Flóki Vilgerðarson]]. Wavikingi waliofika walikuja pamoja na [[familia]] na [[watumishi]] au [[watumwa]] wao, wengi wakiwa [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] [[Wakelti]]. Mnamo mwaka [[930]] [[chifu|machifu]] na wasimamizi wa familia zilizokuwepo walipatana kuhusu aina ya [[katiba]] kwa Isilandi. Walianzisha [[bunge]] la [[Althing]]. Ulikuwa mkutano wa watu 36 walioitwa "Godi" wakiwa na [[cheo]] cha kuunganisha [[madaraka]] ya [[chifu]], [[hakimu]] na [[kuhani]]. Utaratibu huu wa kuwa na bunge umeendelea hadi leo bila kusimama. Hivyo Isilandi ni nchi ya pekee ambako utaratibu wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kale umeendelea wakati katika nchi za Ulaya nafasi ya [[wafalme]] au [[watawala]] wengine iliongezeka na kumeza [[haki]] zote za watu wa kawaida. Mwaka [[985]] Mwisilandi aligundua njia ya kufika [[Greenland|Grinilandi]] na baadaye [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Mvikingi "[[Erik Mwekundu]]" alifukuzwa kisiwani kwa sababu alikuwa [[mwuaji]]. Alielekea [[magharibi]] kwa [[jahazi]] yake na kufika kwanza Grinilandi halafu [[pwani]] ya [[Kanada]] ya leo. Aliita bara jipya "nchi ya [[mzabibu]]" kwa sababu alikuta aina ya mizabibu isipokuwa bila [[tunda|matunda]]. ===Chini ya Norwei na Udeni=== Tangu [[1262]] uhuru wa Isilandi ulikwisha kwa sababu viongozi walijiunga na [[Ufalme wa Norwei]]. Isilandi iliendelea kuwa na bunge lake na madaraka mbalimbali - hasa kwa sababu [[usafiri]] uliendelea kuwa mgumu - lakini mabwana wakuu walikuwa sasa wafalme wa [[Skandinavia]], kwanza Wanorwei, baadaye [[Udeni|Wadeni]]. Mwaka [[1918]] [[Udeni]] ilirudisha madaraka yote ya [[serikali]] kwa Waisilandi wenyewe isipokuwa mfalme wa Udeni aliendelea kama Mkuu wa nchi. ===Kuanzia uhuru=== Wakati wa [[Vita Kuu ya Dunia ya Pili]] Udeni ilivamiwa na [[Ujerumani]] na Althing iliamua ya kwamba kuanzia sasa kisiwa kitajitawala kabisa. Mwaka [[1944]] Isilandi ilipata [[uhuru]] kamili. Baada ya [[vita]] kwisha Isilandi ilipata kuwa nchi mwanachama ya [[NATO]] lakini haina [[wanajeshi]] hadi leo. Ilifanya [[mkataba]] na [[Marekani]] ya kuwa Wamarekani wanapewa [[haki]] ya kutumia kituo cha [[Ndege (uanahewa)|ndege]] kisiwani na kwa upande mwingine wanaahidi kutetea Isilandi. == Demografia == Watu wa Isilandi karibu wote (86%) ni [[Waskandinavia]]. Kati ya wengine, [[Wapolandi]] ndio wengi (6%). Lugha ya Kiisilandi bado inafanana sana na ile ya [[Kinorwei]] cha kale kilicholetwa kisiwani na wakazi wa kwanza miaka 1000 iliyopita. Watu bado wanaelewa [[shairi|mashairi]] yaliyotunzwa tangu zamani ile. [[Uprotestanti]] wa [[Walutheri|Kilutheri]] ni [[dini rasmi]] ya nchi. Hivyo Waisilandi wengi (60.9%) wanahesabiwa kuwa [[Wakristo]] Walutheri wa Kanisa la kitaifa, ingawa wengi hawafuati [[dini]]. Wakristo wa madhehebu mengine, kama vile [[Wakatoliki]], wanafikia 11.5%. Kuna wafuasi wachache sana wa [[imani]] nyingine mbalimbali. Kwa jumla Isilandi ni kati ya nchi ambazo zina wakazi wengi wasiomuamini [[Mungu]] (25.2%). === Utamaduni === Hadi leo Waisilandi hawana majina ya pili au ya [[familia]]. Kila [[mtoto]] anapewa [[jina]] lake la kwanza halafu jina la [[baba]] - wakati mwingine pia jina la [[mama]]. Kama mtoto ni wa kiume "-son" (=mwana) itaongezwa, kama ni binti "-dottir" (binti). Kwa mfano [[mwimbaji]] mashuhuri wa kike [[Björk Guðmundsdóttir]] alipewa jina la "Björk". Baba yake alikuwa Guðmund hivyo anatumia jina hili pamoja na "-dottir": Guðmundsdottir: "Björk binti Guðmund". Kama mwenyewe atamzaa [[binti]] anaweza kuitwa "Björkdottir" lakini mara nyingi jina la baba hutumiwa. [[Wanawake]] wanaendelea na jina hili, hawaliachi wakati wa kuolewa. === Miji === [[Picha:Reykjavík séð úr Hallgrímskirkju.jpeg|thumb|200px|Mji wa Reykjavík]] [[Reykjavík]] ni [[mji mkuu]] wa Isilandi pia [[bandari]] kubwa na [[kitovu]] cha [[uchumi]] na [[utamaduni]] wa nchi. Miji mingine ni pamoja na [[Akureyri]], [[Kópavogur]], [[Hafnarfjördhur]], [[Keflavík]] na [[Vestmannaeyjar]]. == Usafiri == === Wa masafa marefu === * Kuna bandari mbili za feri za kimataifa, Reykjavik na bandari ya [[Seydisfjordur]]. * Uwanja wa ndege wa kimataifa uko Keflavik, karibu za Reykjavik. === Wa eneo === [[Strætó]] kuna huduma ya mabasi ya eneo. === Wa mji na mkoani === Kuna mabasi ya mjini ya Strætó yanaendeswa mjini na mkoani Reykjavik. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] ==Marejeo== *{{Rejea kitabu|title = Why Iceland? How One of the World's Smallest Countries Became the Meltdown's Biggest Casualty|url = https://archive.org/details/whyiceland0000asge|last = Jonsson|first = Asgeir|year = 2008|publisher = McGraw–Hill Professional|isbn = 978-0-07-163284-3}} *Jonsson, Ivar (2012) 'Explaining the Crisis of Iceland – A Realist Approach' in Journal of Critical Realism, 11,1. *Heiðarsson, Jakob Oskar (2015) 'Iceland - My Small Island'. ==Viungo vya nje== {{Sister project links|voy = Iceland}} *[http://iceland.is/ Gateway to Iceland] *[http://www.government.is/ Government Offices of Iceland] *[https://guidetoiceland.is/ Guide to Iceland] *[http://www.iceland.org/ Icelandic Government Information Center & Icelandic Embassies] *[http://www.visiticeland.com/ Visit Iceland]&nbsp;– the official [[Icelandic Tourist Board]] *{{CIA World Factbook link|ic|Iceland}} *[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/281235/Iceland Iceland] entry at ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' *[http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/iceland.htm Iceland] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/iceland.htm |date=20100611164845 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' *{{Dmoz|Regional/Europe/Iceland}} *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17383525 Iceland] from the [[BBC News]] *{{Wikiatlas|Iceland}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20100724104957/http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/45881/incredible-iceland-fire-and-ice Incredible Iceland: Fire and Ice]&nbsp;– slideshow by ''[[Life magazine]]'' *[https://web.archive.org/web/20150425114936/http://www.heritage.nf.ca/exploration/norse.html The Norse in the North Atlantic: Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage] [[Memorial University of Newfoundland]]. *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rt_e1d7ZBAk A Photographer’s View of Iceland] Documentary produced by [[Prairie Public Television]] *[http://www.vifanord.de/index.php?id=1&L=1&rd=243343734 vifanord]&nbsp;– a digital library that provides scientific information on the Nordic and Baltic countries as well as the Baltic region as a whole {{Ulaya}} [[Jamii:Iceland| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya|Iceland]] [[Jamii:Nchi za visiwa]] [[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] 3qzeo6a0uycgn985nign0me956o42dy 0 5522 1612491 1515902 2026-11-02T03:49:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |name = Joseph Kony |picha = |caption = |birth_name = Joseph Kony |birth_date = 1961 <ref name="autogenerated2006">[http://www.mg.co.za/article/2006-02-10-portrait-of-ugandas-rebel-prophet-painted-by-wives The Independent - The deadly cult of Joseph Kony]</ref> |birth_place = Odek, [[Uganda]] |residence = |nationality = [[Ugandan]] |other_names = |known_for = |education = |home_town = |title = Leader of the [[Lord's Resistance Army]] |height = |weight = |religion = [[Christianity]] |spouse = Is thought to have over 60 wives <ref name="autogenerated1">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4320858.stm BBC News - Profile: Joseph Kony]</ref> |children = Thought to have 42 children <ref>[http://www.mg.co.za/article/2006-02-10-portrait-of-ugandas-rebel-prophet-painted-by-wives Portrait of Uganda's rebel prophet, painted by wives]</ref> }} '''Joseph Kony''' (alizaliwa mwaka [[1961]] hivi) ni kiongozi wa kundi la wanamgambo wa [[Lord's Resistance Army]] (LRA), ambalo limejihusisha na kampeni za ghasia likiwa na azma ya kuanzisha serikali inyoongozwa na viongozi wa [[dini]] nchini [[Uganda]], kundi hili liandai limejengeka kwenye misingi ya [[Biblia ya Kikristo]] na [[amri kumi]]. Kundi la LRA ambalo lilijulikana kwa vitendo vyake dhidi ya wenyeji wa Uganda Kaskazini, limeteka nyara takribani watoto 30,000 na kusababisha watu milioni 1.6 kukimbia makazi yao tangu uasi wao ulipoanza mwaka 1986. <ref> [http://www.twf.org/News/Y2006/0519-LRA.html Flight of the child Soldiers]</ref> <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/6139554.stm BBC News - Mjube wa Umoja wa mataifa akutana na kiongozi wa waasi]</ref> <ref>Buteera, Richard. The Reach Of Terrorists Financing And Combating It-The Links Between Terrorism And ordinary Crime. International Society of Prosecutors. Washington, DC. 12 Agosti 2003. [http://www.iap.nl.com/speeches_annual_conference_2003_washington/terrorism_financing_speech_by_richard_buteera.htm ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.iap.nl.com/speeches_annual_conference_2003_washington/terrorism_financing_speech_by_richard_buteera.htm |date=20070427093101 }}</ref> == Wasifu == Joseph Kony alizaliwa mwaka 1961 katika kijiji cha [[Odek]], kinachopatikana mashariki mwa [[Gulu]] kaskazini mwa [[Uganda]], wazazi wake walikuwa wakulima. Aliwapenda wadogo zake lakini walipomkosea aliwaadhibu. <ref name="Innocents Lost p. 105-144"> Jimmie Briggs "Innocents Lost: When Child Soldiers Go to war" 2005 s. 105-144 </ref> Katika ujana wake, Joseph Kony alifunzwa kuwa mganga wa kijiji na kaka yake, Benon Okello, na huyo alipoaga alichukua kikamilifu wajibu wa kuwa mganga wa kijiji. <ref> Petro Eichstaedt, ''First Kill Your Family: Child Soldiers of Uganda and the Lord's Resistance Army,'' s. 206</ref> Alipokosewa alipendela kupigana badala ya maelewano kwa njia ya mazungumzo. Akiwa shuleni alitaniwa kwa ukubwa wake na walimu walimpa wakati mgumu kwa sababu hakuonekana muerevu sana. Baba yake alikuwa mteandakazi wa mungu katika [[Kanisa Katoliki]] na mama yake alikuwa Mwanglikana, Kony alikuwa alatare kwa miaka kadhaa. Aliacha kwenda kanisani akiwa na umri wa karibu miaka 15. <ref name="Innocents Lost p. 105-144"/> Aliacha masomo yake shule ya upili na alipata umaarufu mwezi wa Januari mwaka 1986, akiwa na miaka ishirini na kitu hivi. Kundi lake lilikuwa moja ya makundi makubwa yaliyoibuka [[huko Acholi]] wakati wa vuguvugu maarufu la [[Roho Mtakatifu]] lililoongozwa na [[Alice Auma]] (aka Lakwena). Hata hivyo kulikuwa na mgogoro miongoni mwa Wacholi walionung'unikia kupoteza uashawishi wao baada ya Rais [[Tito Okello]] aliyekuwa Muacholikupinduliwa na [[Yoweri Museveni]] na jeshi lake la National [[Resistance Army]] (NRA) wakati wa [[Vita vya msituni]] vya Uganda vilivyoisha mwaka 1986. Mwanzoni, kundi la Kony's liliitwa United Holy Salvation Army (UHSA) na halikuchukiliwa kama tisho na NRA. Kufikia mwaka 1988, baada ya mkataba kati ya NRA na [[Uganda People's Democratic Army]] kuongeza makundi yake mengine ya wapiganaji pamoja na kusajili watoto kwa nguvu kulilifanya kundi la United Holy Salvation Army kuwa jeshi lililoogofya. Askarijeshi wake wengi walikuwa watoto. Inakadiriwa kuwa amechukuwa watoto zaidi ya 104.000 wavulana na wasichana tangu LRA ilipoanza kupigana mwaka 1986. MMara nyingi aliua jamaa na majirani wa watoto hawa alipokuwa akiwateka na kuwalazimisha wapigane katika jeshi lake. Kamanda wa kundi lilosalia la UPDA alikuwa [[Odong Latek]], ambaye alifanikiwa katika kumshawishi Kony atumie mbinu za kisasa za kijeshi kinyume na majaribio ya awali ambayo yalihusu mashambulizi ya mslaba na kutumia maji matakatifu. Mbinu hii mpya ilifanikiwa na UHSA mapigano madgomadogo lakini waliweza kuwashinda NRA. Baada ya ushindi huu NRA ililipiza kizazi kwa kudhoofisha kundi la Kony kisiasa na kampeni iliyoitwa Oparation North. Kufikia mwaka 1992 alilipa hilo kundi jiypa la Muungano wa Jeshi la Kikristo la Demokrasia na ni katika wakati huu ndiyo waliowateka nyara wasichana 44 kutoka shule za upili za Sacred Heart Secondary na St. Mary's Girls School Operation North iliharibu kabisa kile kingekuwa wanamugambo wa Lord's Resistance Army,hata hivyo, ingawa idadi yao ilipungua kutoka maelfu hadi mamia waliendelea kuwavamia raia na washirika wa NRA. Mazungumzo ya Bigombe ya mwaka 1993 yalifunua mengi kumhusu Joseph Kony. [[Betty Bigombe]] alikumbuka kwamba mara ya kwanza alikutana na Kony na wafuasi wake walitumia mafuta kujikinga na risasi na pepo mbaya. <ref> The Woman Behind Uganda's Peace Hopes- Betty Bigombe Put life on Hold to Interced in Northern War [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/10/AR2007071001933_2.html ]</ref> Katika barua ilyohusu mazungumzo ya baadaye Kony pia alieleza kwamba sharti angetafuuta ushauri kutoka kwa [[Roho Mtakatifu]]. Mazungumzo yalipoanza walisisitiza kwamba viongozi wa dini washirikishwe na walifungua mkutano kwa maombi yaliongozwa na Mkurugenzi wa Masuala ya Dini wa LRA Bw. Jenaro Bongoni. Hatimaye katika mazungumzo ya amani ya mwaka 1994 Kony aliingia huku wanaume waliovaa majoho wakiwa mbele yake wakimyumyizia [[maji takatifu]]. <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5146662.stm BBC - Profile: Ugandan rebel Joseph Kony]</ref> Juhudi nyingi za kimataifa za kuleta amani na kukomesha utekaji nyara wa watoto na Kony na Wanamugambo wa kundi lake la Lord's Resistance Army zilifanyika kati ya 1996 na 2001. Juhudi zote zilishindwa kumaliza utekaji nyara wa watoto, ubakaji, askari-jeshi watoto mauji ya raia ikiwemo usambuliaji wa kambi za wakimbizi. Baada ya [[shambulizi]] la [[tarehe 11 Septemba Marekani]] ilitangaza rasmi wanamgambo wa Lord's Resistance Army kuwa kundi la kigaidi na Joseph Kony kuwa gaidi. <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2001/6695.htm | title=Statement on the Designation of 39 Organizations on the USA PATRIOT Act's �Terrorist Exclusion List� | author=Philip T. Reeker | publisher=U.S. Department of State | date=6 Desemba 2001 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20020202195601/http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2001/6695.htm | archivedate=2002-02-02 | accessdate=2009-12-12 }}</ref> Josph Kony alifikiriwa kuwa mtu mwenye pepo; amesawiriwa kama ama kma Masihi au shetani. Alizuru mara kadhaa milima ya Ato nchini Uganmda. Inadaiwa kuwa angekwea hadi kileleni cha milima na kulala huko kwenye jua kali kwa siku kadhaa. Angefunikwa na kundi la kumbikumbi wekundu ambao waliing'ata ngozi yake kwa undani. Mafuta kutoka mti uitwao Yao ilipakwa mwilini mwake. Kisha aliingia kwenye pango na kushinda huko pekee kwa majuma kadhaa. Alichowaamuru watoto wafanye kilikuwa kitu cha upuzi- aliwaambia kuwa iwapo wangechora mslaba kwenye vifua vyao na mafuta wangekingwa kutoka kutoka kwa risasi. <ref name="Innocents Lost p. 105-144"/> Kony anasisitiza kwamba wanamugambo wa [[Lord's Resistance Army]] wanapigania Amri Kumi. "Ndiyo, tunapigania Amri Kumi," Je, ni vibbaya? siyo kukiuka haki za binadamu. Na amri haikutolewa na Joseph. Haikutolewa na LRA. la, amri hiyo ilitolewa na Mungu. " <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article680339.ece |title=I wil use the Ten Commandments to liberate Uganda |accessdate=2009-12-12 |archive-date=2007-11-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071117071729/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article680339.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Mashtaka rasmi == {{LRA}} Tarehe 6 Oktoba 2005 Mahaka ya Kimataifa ya Uhalifu (ICC) ilitoa vibali vya kukamtwa kwa wanamugambo watano wa kundi la Lord's Resistance Amy kwa uhalifu dhidi ya haki za binadamu kufuatia kufunguliwa mashitaka. Siku iliyofuata waziri wa ulinzi wa [[Uganda]] Amama Mbabazi alidokeza kuwa Joseph Kony, naibu wake Vincent Otti na makamanda wa Raska Lukwiya, Okot Odiambo na Dominic Ongwen walikuwa miongoni mwa wale ambao vibali vyao vya kukamtwa vilitolewa. Kwa mujibu wa msemaji wa jeshi, jeshi la Uganda lilimua Lukwiya tarehe 12 Agosti 2006. <ref> "Ugandan army kills senior rebel'." ''BBC News.'' 13 Agosti 2006. 15 Februari 2007. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4788657.stm ]</ref> Juma moja baadaye, tarehe 13 Oktoba, Mwendesha Mashitaka Mkuu wa ICC [[Luis Moreno Ocampo]] alitoa maelezo kuhusu mashitaka yaliyomkabili Kony. Kuna jumla ya mashtaka 33, 12 yakiwa ni uhalifu dhidi ya haki za binadamu, ambayo ni pamoja na mauaji, utumwa, utumwa wa ngono na ubakaji. Kuna mashitaka mengine 21 ya uhalifu wa kivita ambayo ni pamoja na mauaji, ukatili kwa raia, ushambulizi wa kimakusudi kwa raia, uporaji mali, ubakaji na kusajili watoto kwa nguvu katika vikosi vya waasi. Ocampo alisema kwamba "Kony aliwateka wasichana kuwatoa kama zawadi kwa makamanda wake." Jeshi la Uganda limejaribu kumua Kony kwa shutuma za Upinzani . Tarehe 31 Julai 2006, Kony alikutana na viongozi kadhaa kitamaduni, kisiasa, na viongozi wa dini kutoka Kaskazini mwa [[Uganda]] mafichoni mwake katika msitu wa kondo kuzungumzia vita. Siku iliyofuata, [[1 Agosti]], alivuka mpaka na kuingia Sudan kuzungumza na Makamu wa Rais wa Kusini mwa Sudan Riek Machar. Baadaye Kony aliwaambia waandishi wa habari kwamba hakuwa tayari kufika mbele ya mahakama ya ICC kujibu mashitaka kwa kuwa hajafanya lolote baya. Tarehe 12 Novemba 2006 Kony alikutana na [[Jan Egeland]], Umoja naibu wa Katibu Mkuu wa Umoja wa [[Mataifa]] anayeshughulikia masuala ya kibinadamu na misaada ya dharura. Kony aliambia shirika la habari la [[Reuters]]: "Hatuna watoto wowote. tunawapiganaji tu. <ref> Kony told Reuters: "Hatuna watoto wowote tunawapiganaji pekee. [http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L12604312.htm ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L12604312.htm |date=20071205161329 }}</ref> Tarehe 28 Agosti mwaka 2008, wizara ya fedha ya Marekani ilimuorodhesha Kony miongoni mwa kundi la "magaidi wa kipekee duniani" kundi ambalo huwa na adhabu za kifedha na adhabu. Haijulikani iwapo Kony ana miliki au hamilki rasilimali yoyote amabyo inaathiriwa na maelezo yaliyotolewa. 25 Desemba 2008, kwa mujibu wa kikosi cha kulinda amani cha Umoja wa Mataifa, waasi wa [[Lord's Resistance Army]] (LRA) waliwaua watu 189 na kuteka nyara watoto 120 wakati wa sherehe iliyofadhiliwa na Kanisa Katoliki huko Faradje, katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Desemba 2008, jeshi la Kongo, pamoja na vikosi vya jeshi la [[Uganda]] na [[Sudan]], vilivamia waasi wa LRA wakiwa na lengo la kuwanyang'anya silaha waasi wa LRA. == Tanbihi == {{Marejeo}} == Marejeo == * {{cite book | last = Green | first = Matthew | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = The Wizard of the Nile: The Hunt for Africa's Most Wanted | publisher = Portobello Books | date = 2008 | location = | pages = | url =https://archive.org/details/wizardofnilehunt0000gree| doi = | id = | isbn = 978-1846270307 }} * {{cite book | last = Briggs | first = Jimmie | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = The Innocents Lost: When Child soldiers Go to war | publisher = Basic Books | date = 2005 | location = | pages = | url =https://archive.org/details/innocentslostwhe0000brig| doi = | id = | isbn = }} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://womennewsnetwork.net/2009/01/13/ugandagirlsoldier809/ Girl Soldiers-The cost of survivla in Northern Uganda ] {{Wayback|url=http://womennewsnetwork.net/2009/01/13/ugandagirlsoldier809/ |date=20120523212431 }} Mtandao wa Habari za Wanawake - WNN * [http://www.rfi.fr/actuen/articles/102/article_775.asp "I want peace talks to resume"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.rfi.fr/actuen/articles/102/article_775.asp |date=20110101090156 }} Mahojianao na Kony kwenye Radio France Internatinale English Service 22 Juni 2008 * [http://www.africanfront.com/page600.php Nataka amani lakini Museveni ndiye shida, asema Kony, ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.africanfront.com/page600.php |date=20030331132850 }} makala ya mzungumzo ya Kony kwa njia ya simukwenye shoo ya redio ya mazungumzo ya siasa kwenye radi ya Mega Radio itangazayo kutoka Gulu tarehe 28 Desemba 2002. * [http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/443579 Mtoto wa kwanza wa Kony auawa ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/443579 |date=20080503021038 }} [[New Vision]],8 Julai 2005 * [http://www.haguejusticeportal.net/eCache/DEF/8/193.c2V0TGFuZz1FTiZMPUVO.html Hague Justice Portal: Joseph Kony] {{Wayback|url=http://www.haguejusticeportal.net/eCache/DEF/8/193.c2V0TGFuZz1FTiZMPUVO.html |date=20111219001708 }} * J. Carter Johnson, [http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2006/january/18.30.html Deliver Us from Kony,] [[Christanity Today]], Januari 2006 * Sam Farmar, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/newsnight/5124762.stm Uganda rebel leader breaks silence] (mahojiano yaliyotolewa kwenye tuvuti katika kwa muundo wa MP3), BBC [[Newsnight]], tarehe 28 Juni 2006, pia [http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-3358543972674478503&amp;ei=V6wDS8jJKpTawgPAiNnBAg&amp;q=joseph+kony# Google Video] {{Wayback|url=http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-3358543972674478503&ei=V6wDS8jJKpTawgPAiNnBAg&q=joseph+kony |date=20110629080748 }} * [http://www.rocketboom.com/vlog/archives/2006/08/rb_06_aug_16.html Ruud Elmendorp's video interview with Joseph Kony] {{Wayback|url=http://www.rocketboom.com/vlog/archives/2006/08/rb_06_aug_16.html |date=20061017135801 }} katika [[Rocketboom]] 16 Agosti 2006 * Ochola John, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5129350.stm Mhasiriwa wa LRA: 'siwezi kusahau na kusamehe',] BBC, tarehe 29 Juni 2006 * [http://bloggingheads.tv/diavlogs/17021 Julia Spiegel project discusses efforts to kill Joseph Kony] Bloggingheads TV diavlog Jumapili 11 Januari 2009 {{International Criminal Court}} {{Persondata | name= Kony, Joseph | short description= Leader of the [[Lord's Resistance Army]] | date of birth= 1961 | place of birth= Odek, [[Uganda]] }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kony, Joseph}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1961]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Ugaidi]] [[Jamii:Wilaya ya Gulu]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Uganda]] myp6uqqlwpuy7qud8b9a0h2tds4o3eq 0 8034 1612435 1577585 2026-11-01T17:52:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612435 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Grinilandi | jina_asili = Kalaallit Nunaat | kauli_mbiu = | wimbo_wa_taifa = "Nunarput utoqqarsuanngoravit" | bendera = Flag of Greenland.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of Greenland.svg | ramani = Greenland on the globe (North America centered).svg | maelezo_ramani = Mahali pa Grinilandi | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Nuuk]] | lugha_rasmi = [[Kigrinilandi]] | lugha2 = [[Kideni]] | utaifa = Mgrinilandi | aina_ya_serikali = Eneo lenye mamlaka ya ndani chini ya Ufalme wa Udeni | kiongozi_kichwa1 = [[Malkia]] | kiongozi_jina1 = Margrethe II | kiongozi_kichwa2 = Kamishna Mkuu | kiongozi_jina2 = Mikaela Engell | kiongozi_kichwa3 = [[Waziri Mkuu]] | kiongozi_jina3 = Múte Bourup Egede | bunge = Inatsisartut | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia''' | tukio1 = Ukoloni wa Udeni | tukio1_tarehe = 1721 | tukio2 = Sheria ya Kujitawala | tukio2_tarehe = 1 Mei 1979 | tukio3 = Mamlaka Kamili ya Ndani | tukio3_tarehe = 21 Juni 2009 | eneo_jumla = 2,166,086 km² | asilimia_maji = 81% | watu_kadirio = 56,583 | mwaka_kadirio = 2022 | msongamano = 0.028 | plt_ppp = {{increase}} $3.85 bilioni | mwaka_pato = 2021 | plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $68,100 | plt = {{increase}} $3.24 bilioni | plt_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $57,116 | hdi ={{increase}} 0.786</br>{{juu}} (ya 61) | mwaka_maendeleo = 2010 | gini = {{Steady}} 33.9 | mwaka_gini = 2015 | sarafu = Krona ya Denmark (DKK) | majira_saa = UTC-3 hadi UTC+0 | msimbo_simu = +299 | mtandao = .gl | upande_wa_kuendeshea = Kulia }} '''Grinilandi''', kiing. '''Greenland''' (kwa Kikalaallisut: ''Kalaallit Nunaat'') ni [[kisiwa]] kikubwa zaidi [[dunia|duniani]] na eneo lenye [[mamlaka]] ya kujiongoza ndani ya [[Ufalme wa Udeni]]. Kikiwa kati ya [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] ya Kaskazini na [[Bahari ya Aktiki]], [[jiografia|kijiografia]] ni sehemu ya [[bara]] la [[Amerika Kaskazini]], lakini [[historia|kihistoria]] na [[siasa|kisiasa]] kina uhusiano wa karibu sana na [[Ulaya]]. Kisiwa hiki kina ukubwa wa takriban [[Kilomita ya mraba|kilomita za mraba]] [[milioni]] 2.17, ambapo karibu [[asilimia]] 80 ya eneo hilo limefunikwa na [[barafuto]]. [[Idadi]] ya wakazi wake ni takriban watu 56,000 (kufikia 2024), wengi wao wakiwa ni [[Wainuit]]. [[Mji mkuu]] na mkubwa zaidi ni [[Nuuk]]. [[Lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kigrinilandi]] na [[Kideni]]. Grinilandi ilipewa mamlaka ya kujitawala kutoka [[Udeni]] mwaka [[1979]], na baadaye ikapata hadhi ya kujitawala zaidi mwaka [[2009]], ikichukua usimamizi wa masuala mengi ya ndani, huku [[Udeni]] ikibaki na udhibiti wa sera za kigeni, ulinzi, na masuala ya fedha. Grinilandi ina [[bunge]] lake linaloitwa ''Inatsisartut'', na [[uongozi]] wake uko mikononi mwa [[Waziri Mkuu]]. Ingawa si mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]], Grinilandi ina mikataba kadhaa ya ushirikiano na umoja huo, hasa katika [[biashara]] na [[uvuvi]]. [[Uchumi]] wa Grinilandi unategemea sana uvuvi, ambao ndio chanzo kikuu cha [[Mahuruji|mauzo ya nje]], pamoja na [[uwindaji]], [[utalii]], na [[uchimbaji]] mdogo wa [[madini]]. Kisiwa hiki pia kinavutia kwa [[utajiri]] wake wa [[rasilimali]], zikiwemo [[ardhi adimu]], ingawa uchunguzi wa rasilimali hizo mara nyingi huibua mijadala kutokana na hofu ya athari kwa [[mazingira]]. Mandhari yake makubwa na ya pori, pamoja na [[hali ya hewa]] ya [[Aktiki]], huifanya Grinilandi kuwa eneo la pekee, na muhimu sana kwa tafiti za [[mabadiliko ya tabianchi]]. ==Jina== [[Jina]] la [[Kiswahili]] limetokana na lile la [[Kiingereza]] "Greenland", ambalo ni [[tafsiri]] ya jina la [[Kidenmark]] "Grønland", linalomaanisha "nchi yenye [[rangi]] ya ma[[jani]] mabichi". Jina hilo Grinilandi lilitungwa miaka 1000 iliyopita, kwa sababu wakati ule hali ya hewa duniani ilikuwa na [[joto]] zaidi, na hapakuwa na [[barafu]] nyingi kama leo. ==Jiografia== Ki[[jiografia]] Grinilandi, [[kisiwa]] kikubwa kuliko vyote [[duniani]], ni sehemu ya [[bamba la Amerika ya Kaskazini]] lakini ki[[historia]] na ki[[siasa]] kwa [[karne]] kadhaa imekuwa na [[uhusiano]] wa karibu na [[Skandinavia]] ([[Ulaya ya Kaskazini]]). [[Mlima]] wa juu wa Grinilandi ni [[Mlima Gunnbjørn]] ([[mita]] 3,694 juu ya [[UB]]) katika [[Watkins Range]]. [[Picha:Sermeqkujadtlek.jpg|250px|thumbnail|left|[[Barafuto]] ya [[Sermeq Kujatdlek]] upande wa [[magharibi]] wa Grinilandi.]] [[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Godthaab]] inayoitwa [[Nuuk]] (17,000). ==Demografia== Wananchi wengi (89.5%) ni wakazi asilia wenye asili ya [[Asia]], ingawa wengi wao wana pia [[damu]] ya [[mzungu|Kizungu]] kwa asilimia 25. [[Lugha]] yao ndiyo [[lugha rasmi]] pekee tangu mwaka [[2009]]. 8.6% ni [[Wazungu]] wenye asili ya Skandinavia na wanaongea [[Kidenmark]] ambacho kinaendelea kutumiwa na wote katika nafasi kadhaa. Wakazi wengi wanaweza kuongea lugha zote mbili. Upande wa [[dini]], walio wengi ni [[Wakristo]] (96.1%), hasa [[Walutheri]] (85%). Grinilandi inaongoza duniani kwa [[asilimia]] ya watu [[kujiua|wanaojiua]], pamoja na kuwa na idadi kubwa ya [[ulevi|walevi]]. == Marejeo == * {{Rejea kitabu |last1=Hessel |first1=Ingo |title=Arctic Spirit |location=Vancouver, BC |publisher=Douglas and McIntyre |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-55365-189-5}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last1=Stern |first1=Pamela |title=Historical Dictionary of the Inuit |url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000ster |year=2004 |publisher=The Scarecrow Press, Inc. |location=Lanham, Maryland |isbn=0-8108-5058-3 |oclc=54768167}} ==Marejeo mengine== [[Picha:Groenland carte.png|thumbnail|left|250px|Grønland]] * Bardarson, I. (ed. Jónsson, F.) "Det gamle Grønlands beskrivelse af Ívar Bárðarson (Ivar Bårdssön)", (Copenhagen, 1930). * [[CIA World Factbook]], 2000. * [[Philip Wheeler Conkling|Conkling, P. W.]] ''et al.'' 2011. The Fate of Greenland: Lessons from Abrupt Climate Change, co-authored with Richard Alley, Wallace Broecker and George Denton, with photographs by Gary Comer, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. * Lund, S. 1959. The Marine Algae of East Greenland. 1. Taxonomical Part. ''Meddr Gronland.'' 156(1), pp.&nbsp;1–245. * Lund, S. 1959. The Marine Algae of East Greenland. 11. Geographic Distribution. ''Meddr Gronland.'' 156, pp.&nbsp;1–70. * [[Konrad Steffen|Steffen, Konrad]], N. Cullen, and R. Huff (2005). "Climate variability and trends along the western slope of the Greenland Ice Sheet during 1991–2004," ''Proceedings of the 85th American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting'' (San Diego). * Sowa, F. 2013. ''Indigenous Peoples and the Institutionalization of the Convention on Biological Diversity in Greenland.'' In: ''Arctic Anthropology.'' 50(1), pp.&nbsp;72-88. * Sowa, F. 2013. ''Relations of Power & Domination in a World Polity: The Politics of Indigeneity & National Identity in Greenland.'' In: Heininen, L. ''Arctic Yearbook 2013. The Arctic of regions vs. the globalized Arctic.'' Akureyri: Northern Research Forum, pp.&nbsp;184-198.[http://www.arcticyearbook.com/ay2013 www.arcticyearbook.com/ay2013] {{Wayback|url=http://www.arcticyearbook.com/ay2013 |date=20150219043852 }} * Sowa, F. 2014. ''Greenland.'' in: Hund, A. ''Antarctica and the Arctic Circle: A Geographic Encyclopedia of the Earth’s Polar Regions.'' Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, pp.&nbsp;312-316. ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons|Greenland}} * [http://www.nanoq.gl/english.aspx Tovuti rasmi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nanoq.gl/english.aspx |date=20060907055752 }} ; Taarifa za jumla * [http://denmark.dk/en/society/greenland-the-faroes-and-the-german-minority/ Greenland] {{Wayback|url=http://denmark.dk/en/society/greenland-the-faroes-and-the-german-minority/ |date=20160514115426 }} entry at ''Denmark.dk''. * {{CIA World Factbook link|gl|Greenland}} * [http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/245261/Greenland Greenland] entry at ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. * [http://www.culture.gl/uk/guide.htm A guide to Greenlandic Culture] {{Wayback|url=http://www.culture.gl/uk/guide.htm |date=20150302201627 }} at ''culture.gl''. * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/greenland.htm Greenland] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/greenland.htm |date=20080828171612 }} at ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''. * {{dmoz|Regional/North_America/Greenland}} * [http://ocean.dmi.dk/arctic/modis.uk.php Daily updated satellite images from Greenland] * [http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-18249474 Greenland profile] from the [[BBC News]] * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=DK Key Development Forecasts for the Kingdom of Denmark] from [[International Futures]] * [http://www.stat.gl/dialog/topmain.asp?lang=en&subject=Population&sc=BE Population in Greenland] * [http://www.stat.gl Official statistical information about Greenland] from ''stat.gl''. ; Serikali *[http://naalakkersuisut.gl/en/Naalakkersuisut/Departments Government Offices of Greenland] {{Wayback|url=http://naalakkersuisut.gl/en/Naalakkersuisut/Departments |date=20150310214549 }} * [http://naalakkersuisut.gl/en Greenlandic Government Information Center] {{Wayback|url=http://naalakkersuisut.gl/en |date=20150301215328 }}, the official English-language website (administered by the Greenland [[Ministry for Foreign Affairs (Greenland)|Ministry for Foreign Affairs]]) *[http://naalakkersuisut.gl/en/Naalakkersuisut/Departments/Udenrigsdirektoratet Departement of Foreign Affairs of Greenland]{{Wayback|url=http://naalakkersuisut.gl/en/Naalakkersuisut/Departments/Udenrigsdirektoratet |date=20141218102320 }} *[http://um.dk/en/about-us/organisation/find-us-abroad/ Greenland represented with the Kingdom of Denmark Embassies] {{Wayback|url=http://um.dk/en/about-us/organisation/find-us-abroad/ |date=20150226170206 }} *[http://www.stat.gl/dialog/main.asp?lang=en&version=201303&sc=SA&subthemecode=o5&colcode=o Summary vital statistics about Greenland] from ''Naatsorsueqqissaartarfik''. ; Ramani * {{wikiatlas|Greenland}} *[http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/Wegener/wegener_3.php Satellite image of Greenland] at the [[NASA Earth Observatory]]. ; Vyombo vya habari *[http://arcticjournal.com/oil-minerals Oil and Minerals Greenland] {{Wayback|url=http://arcticjournal.com/oil-minerals |date=20150206183153 }} at [[Arctic Journal]] *[http://news.google.com/news?hl=en&ned=us&ie=UTF-8&q=greenland%2F&btnG=Search Google news Greenland] *[http://arktiskinstitut.dk/en/collections/document-archive/ History of Greenland: Primary Documents] {{Wayback|url=http://arktiskinstitut.dk/en/collections/document-archive/ |date=20150210133552 }} *[http://www.geus.dk/program-areas/raw-materials-greenl-map/greenland/gr-map/kostart-uk.htm Geological maps of Greenland] {{Wayback|url=http://www.geus.dk/program-areas/raw-materials-greenl-map/greenland/gr-map/kostart-uk.htm |date=20150124033711 }} ; Biashara * [http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/GRL/Year/2013/Summary World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Greenland] ; Safari *[http://www.greenland.com/ Visit Greenland]&nbsp;– the official [[Tourism in Greenland|Greenlandic Tourist Board]] ; Mengineyo *[https://web.archive.org/web/20150425114936/http://www.heritage.nf.ca/exploration/norse.html The Norse in the North Atlantic: Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage] [[Memorial University of Newfoundland]]. *[http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/magazine/150213-ngm-greenland-timelapse A Photographer’s View of Greenland] {{Wayback|url=http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/magazine/150213-ngm-greenland-timelapse |date=20160331023937 }} Documentary produced by Murray Fredericks *[http://www.vifanord.de/index.php?id=1&L=1&rd=243343734 Vifanord.de] – library of scientific information on the Nordic and Baltic countries. {{Geographic Location | Centre = {{flag|Greenland}} | North = ''[[Arctic Ocean]]'' | Northeast = {{flag|Norway}}{{·}}''[[Wandel Sea]]''{{·}}''[[Fram Strait]]''{{·}}''[[Greenland Sea]]'' | East = {{flag|Iceland}}{{·}}''[[Denmark Strait]]''{{·}}''[[Atlantic Ocean]]'' | Southeast = | South = [[Atlantic Ocean]] | Southwest = | West = {{flag|Canada}}{{·}}''[[Lincoln Sea]]''{{·}}''[[Nares Strait]]''{{·}}''[[Baffin Bay]]''{{·}}''[[Davis Strait]]''{{·}}''[[Labrador Sea]]''{{·}}''[[Atlantic Ocean]]'' | Northwest = }} {{Amerika Kaskazini}} {{mbegu-jio}} [[Jamii:Visiwa vya Atlantiki|*]] [[Jamii:Denmark]] [[Jamii:Amerika ya Kaskazini]] [[Jamii:Nchi za visiwa]] [[Jamii:Aktiki]] lwfzbo2ww8ri0qm68qlhvigraun509i 3 14699 1612387 1611981 2026-11-01T13:44:45Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi */ 1612387 wikitext text/x-wiki {{archive box collapsible| *[[User:Riccardo Riccioni/Archive 1|Januri 2008 — Juni 9, 2024]] }} ==Fransisko wa Asizi== Riccardo, salam. Nd. Riccardo, ile makala ya Fransisko wa Asizi, umeandika safi sana na inaeleweka. Lakini je vipi kuhusu mwaka aliozaliwa huyu bwana unaujua? Natumai utakuwa umeitafsiri kutoka wiki zingine ama sivyo? Natumai ndivyo!! Basi kama utaweza kuandika mwanzo kabisa mwaka aliozaliwa itakuwa bora zaidi. Labada nikupe mfano mdogo: '''Fransisko wa Asizi''' (tarehe na mwaka aliozaliwa) alikuwa mtakatifu kutoka nchini Italia. Asizi alizaliwa katika mkoa wa Umbria, wilaya ya Perugia, Italia.... Kisha unaweka kama ndugu na mambo mengine!! Haya basi kama hujaelewa labda umwulize Kipala atakupa habari zaidi!! Kingine usisahau kuweka InterWiki katika makala yako kama ipo katika wiki zingine-'''[[w:it:Francesco d'Assisi]]''' (sijui kwa lugha ya Kitaliano wanahitaje) lakini inategemea na lugha vyovyote vile inaswihi. Kingine kuweka vichwa katika makala, hili nenda kaangalie makala yako utaona nimefanya vipi mpaka kimekuja kichwa cha habari-[[Fransisko wa Asizi]]. Sina mengi na nakutakia kheri ya mwaka mpya na furaha tele moyoni!!--[[User:Muddyb Blast Producer|Mwanaharakati]] 05:08, 7 Januari 2008 (UTC) Kuna kitu nimesahau kukueleza. Kuweka jamii au category katika makala, mfano: '''<nowiki>[[Category:Watakatifu wa Italia]]</nowiki>''' au '''<nowiki>[[Category:Watakatifu]]</nowiki>''' na nyingine ya mwaka aliozaliwa -unaweka mabano kama hayo kisha unaadika (Waliozaliwa 19 na...) kama kafa unaandika Waliofariki (mwaka aliokufa). Natumai utakuwa umeelewa!!--[[User:Muddyb Blast Producer|Mwanaharakati]] 05:20, 7 Januari 2008 (UTC) == Inquiry == Hello Riccardo. I've seen in article's history (Tafsiri ya Vishazi na Virai ...) that you removed the image that goes with the article. I thought it's a good Wikipedia practice to communicate with you to inquire for the reason. '''[[Mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|Dee Soulza]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|majadiliano]])''' 18:03, 8 Juni 2024 (UTC) :Yes, it's a good practice. The reason is that the image was not more visible. I don't know why, but if you can restore its visibility, let you do. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 04:56, 9 Juni 2024 (UTC) == [[:File:Sumbawan languages.png]] == Hi Ricardo! helped me to add this Linguistic map of the Sumbawa language to Wikipedia English for the Sumbawa language thanks. [[File:Sumbawan languages.png|thumb|Areas where Sumbawa language is spoken]] [[Maalum:Michango/140.213.127.134|140.213.127.134]] 16:51, 15 Juni 2024 (UTC) Why don't you yourself add it? I see there a editing war... Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:21, 16 Juni 2024 (UTC) :Ha ha ha h aha... Umeona siwe tabu. Dah! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 10:00, 20 Juni 2024 (UTC) == [[Wikipedia:Makala_za_msingi/Sanaa]] == Ndugu [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], Unadhani una muda wa kupitia makala za msingi? Pengine ukatafsiri vichwa vya makala? Nitaangalia namna ya kujaza makala hayo. Lakini nitahakikisha yanakuwemo humu. Unisamehe sana kwa usumbufu. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 09:59, 20 Juni 2024 (UTC) :Ndugu, kazi hiyo ni kubwa sana, ila bahati nzuri tulikwishafanya mimi na marehemu wetu mpenzi Kipala. Tazama: [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo]], [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi 1000 - orodha ya awali iliyopanuliwa]], [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo/Zote 1000]]. Sijui kwa nini wanaoandaa edithatons wanaelekeza wahariri wapya kuandika makala juu ya watu wasiojulikana sana au ni maarufu kwa ushoga wao badala ya kutunga kurasa hizi za msingi... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 23 Juni 2024 (UTC) == Unisamehe kwa kutunza kumbukumbu zako nje ya mfuko wa majadiliano == Ndugu Riccardo, Kama umetambua hivi sasa majadiliano yako yanaonekana kiduchu sana. Nimeyahifadhi katika nyaraka zako kwa vile ni muhimu sana ziwepo. Pia unisamehe kwa kuja nyumbani na kuvunja vitu pasipo-adabu! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 07:43, 23 Juni 2024 (UTC) No problem! Tuko pamoja. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 23 Juni 2024 (UTC) == Pendekezo la kuondoa wakabidhi == Ndugu Riccardo, Kuna pendekezo hapa. Naomba upige kura; https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Pendekezo_la_kuondoa_WAKABIDHI_wasio_hai Amani kwako. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 06:11, 8 Julai 2024 (UTC) == Deleting files == Hello! I can't find the administrators notice board so I write to you because you are the most active admin. All files need a valid license and I noticed that a number of files on [[Maalum:FailiZisizotumika]] does not have a valid license. Some have been nominated for deletion and can be seen in [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]]. Perhaps you can have a look and delete the files? The files in [[:Jamii:NowCommons]] can most likely also be deleted. Also GFDL is not a good license for media files so perhaps you can remove it from [[MediaWiki:Licenses]]? --'''[[Mtumiaji:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MGA73|majadiliano]])''' 17:45, 17 Agosti 2024 (UTC) Please do NOT use page blanking as deletion replacement, but please always DELETE for real. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 13:06, 30 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Ahsante sana bwana Riccardo == '''Kiongozi''', nimefurahishwa sana na marekebisho ya kiufundi uliyoyafanya kwenye makala ya changamoto za Kiswahili. ''Aluta continua.'' Idumu Wikipidia ya Kiswahili''.'' '''[[Mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|Dee Soulza]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|majadiliano]])''' 16:56, 30 Agosti 2024 (UTC) ==Childbirth== Does SW WP not have an article on childbirth?[https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34581#sitelinks-wikipedia]. Not clear why this one was removed?[https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuzaa&action=history] [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 07:08, 4 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :Dear doctor, as you know from the past, the translations you promote have very problems, starting from the titles. We had an article about generation, but not about human childbirth. Now I have transferred your page on kuzaa to a new one about [[kujifungua]], that is human childbirth. No more. We are trying to accept your contributions, though recurrent mistakes, e.g. many links in the text redirecting to English title not existing in Sw Wiki, or missing categories below. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:51, 4 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ::Thank you for being willing to collaborate. I am of course working with volunteers and introducing them to Wikipedia. While they are generally language experts / translators they are not Wikipedia experts. ::We can put all articles translated into [[Jamii:Afya]]/[[Jamii:Madawa]] automatically if that would help. Have added attribution to Kujifungua. ::What do you mean by "many links in the text redirecting to English title". The software should automatically be substituting EN link with SW links and if it is not I can file a bug report. Best [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 13:16, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :::Software is a machine... I found such wrong links in your articles, though I had not time to correct all of them. Peace to you, doctor! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Okay found the link issue... Will see what is happening and what we can do to prevent it going forwards. [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 13:31, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :::::E.G. link to [[affect (psychology)]] in the first text of the now redirected Ugonjwa wa kutotulia kihisia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:34, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ::::::Thank you for all your help. We will continue to work on improving our efforts. Best [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 10:14, 9 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == Padre Giovanni Losi == Carissimo Riccardo, Pace! Come stai? Io abbastanza bene!!! A dine mese avremo un nuovo parroco, don Andrea Legranzini, proveniente da Boffalora d'Adda. Lo aspettiamo felici!!! Ti chiedo, per favore, un piccolo favore, se potessi aprirmi questa piccola pagina in Swahili. Ri invio una bozza: <nowiki>[[Image:Father Giovanni Losi MCCI.jpg|Right|thumb|220px|Giovanni Losi (1865).]] '''Giovanni Losi''' (amezaliwa [[Caselle Landi]], 29 November 1838 – 27 December 1882) ni alikuwa kasisi wa Kiitaliano na mmisionari [[Kanisa Katoliki|Mkatoliki]] nchini [[Italia]]. Alipewa upadre mwaka 1862, mwaka 1872 alikwenda Sudan pamoja na Daniele Comboni, hadi El-Obeid.<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 334</ref> aliandika, pamoja na Padre Bonomi, katekisimu na kamusi ya lugha ya Kinubi.<ref>[https://www.comboni.org/fratelli/106304 In Pace Christi - Giovanni Losi]</ref> Baada ya kifo cha Comboni mnamo 1881, alikua mrithi wake hadi 1882, mwaka wa kifo chake.<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 336</ref> La traduzuione sarebbe: Ordinato sacerdote nel 1862, nel 1872 andò in Sudan con daniele Comboni, a El-Obeid. ha scitto, con padre Bonomi, un catechismo e un dizionario della lingua Nubiana. Alla morte di Comboni, nel 1881, è diventato il suo successore fino al 1882, anno della sua morte. Grzie di tutto quello che fai per me. Buon fine settimana!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 13 Septemba 2024 (UTC) Sarebbe così: [[Image:Father Giovanni Losi MCCI.jpg|Right|thumb|220px|Giovanni Losi (1865).]] '''Giovanni Losi''' ([[Caselle Landi]], [[29 Novemba]] [[1838]] – [[27 Desemba]] [[1882]]) alikuwa [[kasisi]] na [[mmisionari]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kutoka [[Italia]]. Baada ya kupewa [[upadirisho]] [[mwaka]] [[1862]], mwaka [[1872]] pamoja na [[Daniele Comboni]] alikwenda [[Sudan]], hadi [[El-Obeid]].<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 334</ref> Huko aliandika, pamoja na padre Bonomi, [[katekisimu]] na [[kamusi]] ya [[lugha]] ya [[Kinubi]].<ref>[https://www.comboni.org/fratelli/106304 In Pace Christi - Giovanni Losi]</ref> Baada ya [[kifo]] cha Comboni mnamo [[1881]], alikua [[mrithi]] wake hadi 1882, mwaka wa kifo chake.<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 336</ref> </nowiki> ===Tanbihi=== {{Reflist}} ===Viungo vya nje=== * [https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giovanni-losi_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ ''Dizionario biografico degli italiani''] <nowiki>{{Mbegu-Mkristo}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Losi, Giovanni}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1838]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1882]] [[Jamii:watu wa Italia]]</nowiki> '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:04, 13 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == [[Giovanni Losi]] == Grazie di tutto, per il gradissimo aiuto!!! Che padre Losi interceda per tutti noi!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 06:35, 18 Septemba 2024 (UTC) Grazie di tutto, Pace!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 20:40, 19 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ==Wikidata links== Hey Riccardo... The SW Mpox article was linked to the outbreak[https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q112070734&diff=2254757978&oldid=2234414990] rather then the disease itself.[https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q382370&diff=2254758018&oldid=2254610542] Have fixed. [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 17:20, 30 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == Request == Can you please take a look at [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]]? Thanks, '''[[Mtumiaji:TenWhile6|TenWhile6]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:TenWhile6|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 24 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) == Redirect == [[mwandiko]] is nothing but redirect to [[maandishi]]. Missing content exists in [[w:it:jod]] [[w:it:sho (lettera)]] @ [[w:it:Template:Alfabeto_greco_navbox]]. Please import it here, thank you. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-8390|&#126;2024-8390]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-8390|talk]]) 17:32, 3 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :I wonder if you know the meaning of both articles. They are not the same as you claimed. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:01, 4 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::Dear Muddy, thanks. As usual, they don't know our language. All the same, I have changed the redirect to a full article about "handwriting". Peace to both of you. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:21, 4 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :::Ajabu kabisa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 05:53, 10 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::::FYI: both Greek letters are already here in Kiswahili, but need to get missing content from Italian articles into Kiswahili ones. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-25812|&#126;2024-25812]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-25812|talk]]) 14:04, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Malicious foreign patrollers == They tend to mess anonymous users, they are worse than blatant vandals. Example: *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuuawa_kwa_Alvin_Cole&diff=1363270&oldid=1344998 *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuuawa_kwa_Alvin_Cole&diff=1363448&oldid=1363308 [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-12800|&#126;2024-12800]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-12800|talk]]) 14:58, 13 Novemba 2024 (UTC) Example: *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfabeti_ya_Kirumi&diff=933633&oldid=933629 *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfabeti_ya_Kirumi&diff=933628&oldid=933625 PATROLLER twice vandalizes correct IP's correct repair of redirect which requires REDIRECT word to function properly. FYI: ALREADY banned permanently. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-15320|&#126;2024-15320]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-15320|talk]]) 17:15, 18 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Hey Riccardo, I'm seeing that you blocked [[Mtumiaji:Pmlineditor|Pmlineditor]] in response to this message. Pmlineditor is a former steward who has not edited any Wikimedia project in ~3 years, and the linked edits were from 2014. While it doesn't have any practical effect (since Pmlineditor has retired) I'd ask that you unblock their account. Best regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:EPIC|EPIC]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EPIC|majadiliano]])''' 22:33, 20 Novemba 2024 (UTC) [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kujifunza_kwa_mashine&diff=1370974&oldid=1370973 Joke edits] done back and forth, another example of foreigner who even does not know Kiswahili nor content layout itself. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-24650|&#126;2024-24650]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-24650|talk]]) 09:40, 8 Desemba 2024 (UTC) Borhan / Tanbiruzzaman appear to be mutual sock puppets, both are from Bengal Wikipedia and both are doing troubles here. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-24315|&#126;2024-24315]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-24315|talk]]) 14:57, 8 Desemba 2024 (UTC) Enough is Enough! [[Maalum:Michango/HakanIST]] + [[Maalum:Michango/Borhan]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Talman Talman|Talman Talman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Talman Talman|majadiliano]])''' 11:39, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja&diff=1328553&oldid=1327815 This alone] shows what is worth dependence upon not so own hosting infrastructure. It is peak of this foreign intervention scandal, as of 2024 year. We must not bow to this all, never! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-30687|&#126;2024-30687]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-30687|talk]]) 17:58, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) What a utter nonsense! Patroller today again reverts perfectly GOOD edits like this: [[Maalum:Michango/WikiBayer]] while REAL vandalism like this: [[Maalum:Michango/Marcleonard_Galus]] and this [[Maalum:Michango/~2024-31972]] completely escapes their attention. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) '''You''' should undelete them all. [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu?type=delete&user=LR0725 Mass Article Deletion] with impunity by external interventionists is '''UNWANTED''' here. '''You''' improved them all already. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-31475|&#126;2024-31475]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-31475|talk]]) 12:50, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) [[Maalum:Michango/Ternera]] - nonsense edit warring against [[w:en:Wikipedia:Edit_warring#The_three-revert_rule]] despite of correct header edits from us. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 17:06, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) R.R. don't be shy, show this RED ATHEIST place in a row, simply because he administratively harasses INNOCENT USERS: http://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu/1234qwer1234qwer4 Really, he is petty global admin-snitch who on META tells around the clock that those are norse breiviks, or similar ALIKES! 10:38, 22 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Infoboxes == Do you know any Wikipedian who could fix "infobox drug" and "infobox birth control" so those en.wikipedia.org infoboxes also work on sw.wikipedia.org? Thanks. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lucas559|Lucas559]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lucas559|majadiliano]])''' 21:13, 18 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :No, but let you ask [[mtumiaji:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]]. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:24, 19 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Hi [[Mtumiaji:Lucas559|Lucas559]]! I'm always happy to help bring templates to the Swahili Wikipedia, but I have to leave the translations to others at the moment. Let me know if you need help doing the former ''[[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rich Farmbrough|Rich Farmbrough]]'' , <small>22:12, 8 Desemba 2024 (UTC).</small><br /> == Eternal page protections == Even in bigger Wikipedias pages are typically protected for finite time at most. I feel that eternal time is too excessive, and offenders are typically doing disruption for no longer than one year. Can you shorten all these [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=protect&user=Kipala&limit=500 eternal page protections] to at least one year? As for now, all related offenders are long gone, and honest "temporary accounts" are unable to edit at all. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|Jeriba$higanu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|majadiliano]])''' 10:09, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :It's a very long list and needs time to shorten their protection. Very badly, the one who used to eternally protect those pages has died. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:22, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::So at least can you NOW unprotect [[Digamma]] and [[Pai (herufi)]] for now? None of other Greek letters including those protected ones, were ever vandalized at all since years. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|Jeriba$higanu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|majadiliano]])''' 10:24, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == [[w:it:Wikipedia:Verificabilità#Fonti_dubbie]] == Per un'enciclopedia, le fonti dovrebbero essere indiscutibili. '''Un'enciclopedia non è una fonte primaria''': i suoi autori non conducono interviste né compiono ricerche originali. Dunque, qualunque cosa sia inclusa in Wikipedia dovrebbe essere già stata trattata in trascrizioni, ricerche, studi o reportage altrui che abbiano possibilmente goduto di considerazione a livello accademico e/o internazionale. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-25658|&#126;2024-25658]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-25658|talk]]) 08:08, 10 Desemba 2024 (UTC) Io lo so, ma altri no. Grazie per avere eliminato molte fonti dubbie. Pace a te! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:17, 10 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :To avoid resurgence of fake pseudoreference plague recently cleaned in hundreds of articles, can you put inside adminprotected [[template:Karibu]] advice against doing <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> entries containing links to any and all WIKIMEDIA/WIKIPEDIA sites, by declaring there that purely external sources are always needed? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokamamie|Kokamamie]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokamamie|majadiliano]])''' 13:20, 12 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :It is weak English, please change in [[template:Karibu]] relevant statement to: by writing '''them''' themselves. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokamamie|Kokamamie]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokamamie|majadiliano]])''' 08:00, 13 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Page CAN be editprotected even if AFTER deletion == [[Wikipedia:Mkaguzi wa watumiaji]] - vandalism newpage, delete first, protect second. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27968|&#126;2024-27968]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27968|talk]]) 08:38, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Technical errors == [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cristiano_Ronaldo&diff=1376422&oldid=1376415 this diff shows you reinserted TAB] (tabulators), where spaces should normally be. [[Maalum:Michango/~2024-27447]] edited correctly, restoring YOUR version but WITHOUT TAB (tabulators). Can you remove these TAB (tabulators) again? Simple as self-revert in this case. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27442|&#126;2024-27442]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27442|talk]]) 12:26, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Nuova foto nella pagina [[Giovanni Losi]] == Carissimo padre Riccardo, pace!!! Ho aggiunto una foto in questa pagina e ti chiederei, per favore, di controllare se la didascalia è esatta. Volevo dire: ''La strada dedicata a padre Losi, a Caselle Landi''. Grazie mille per il tuo prezioso aiuto. Approfitto per farti tanti auguri di un Santo natale e Buon 2025, tanta Luce del Signore per te. A presto '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 14:03, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) : Grazie mille di tutto, il tuo aiuto è sempre prezioso!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 08:27, 17 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == EXAMPLE: [[talk:Beka Flavour]] == Orphan talk WITHOUT its article - nothing but nonsense, please delete. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27365|&#126;2024-27365]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27365|talk]]) 07:50, 15 Desemba 2024 (UTC) FYI: ON any NORMAL wikipedia talk pages are ALWAYS to be deleted when its page is not existing. Example: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&page=Talk%3ABijoy+Smarani+University+College 04:11, 15 December 2024 Liz talk contribs deleted page Talk:Bijoy Smarani University College (G8: Talk page of a deleted or non-existent page) [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27882|&#126;2024-27882]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27882|talk]]) 09:11, 15 Desemba 2024 (UTC) I see you deleted it already. It was sad it was overlooked too long. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:59, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Yesterday new account flood == I lost whole day correcting '''misedits''' done by them all. Most problematic user is this [[Special:contribs/Marcleonard_Galus]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-30796|&#126;2024-30796]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-30796|talk]]) 09:09, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) "Macleonard Galus" partially includes vandalisms, I clean after him. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 08:48, 23 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :Thank you for your collaboration, @[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]]. We appreciate it. Our problem is the private initiative of starting Editathons without good preparation, so the new users unconsciously do so many vandalisms, causing every time lost of a lot of time. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::Can you force good preparation before EVERY Editathon, so it will not have to be massively corrected like above temporary account and I done collaboratively? '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:34, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :::We sysops discussed about the problem but someone does go on his way! Let you give us suggestions. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:36, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Before any Editathon, organizer should meet you obligatorily, and non-WMF wiki should be used for editing exercises before going to real Wikipedia editing. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:42, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Macleonard Gallus strikes back, he only [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bi._Shakila&diff=1380879&oldid=1380876 repeatedly] does multiapostrophe trashing, he is STUBBORN. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 14:59, 28 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::[[Maalum:Michango/Said_Mohamed_Mgeleka]] Stubborn advertising. '''[[Mtumiaji:FARȢK GADU|FARȢK GADU]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:FARȢK GADU|majadiliano]])''' 17:37, 29 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Mtumiaji VS Majadiliano ya mtumiaji == Position correcte pour <nowiki>{{karibu}}</nowiki> est en "majadiliano ya mtumiaji". Raison: "Vous avez un nouveau message" automatiquement. '''[[Mtumiaji:ErvanElman|ErvanElman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ErvanElman|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) "Karibu" is NOT to be placed on non-talk USER page, because receiver never will get this: "You have a new Talk page message". [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-31611|&#126;2024-31611]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-31611|talk]]) 18:13, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :Merci beaucoup. Thanks. I do know it well. My mystakes only occurred accidentally while correctly welcoming many new users yesterday. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:18, 26 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == U4C Notification == Hello Riccardo Riccioni,<br /> You are named in a recently filed request to the [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]]. Please review the request at [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] You are requested to enter your statement and any other material you wish to submit, so that the U4C can get a better overview of the situation. All writing should be complete, but also as concise as possible. Please ensure that you make all comments in your own section and in the discussion section only. If the U4C makes a decision, this will be binding for you and so your participation is recommended. Please do not reply here, but on the linked case page, or on the associated talk page. If you would like to contact the U4C directly, you will find an e-mail address [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee#How_to_contact_U4C|here]]. Please use the email only if privacy is necessary (e.g. personal information). Best, On behalf of the U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 10:21, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ;(tafsiri otomatiki) :Hujambo Riccardo Riccioni, :Ulitajwa katika ombi lililowasilishwa hivi majuzi kwa Kamati ya Uratibu ya Kanuni za Maadili ya Jumla [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] (U4C). Tafadhali kagua ombi lako kwenye [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] :Unaombwa kuweka taarifa yako na nyenzo nyingine yoyote unayotaka kuwasilisha, ili U4C iweze kuelewa vyema hali hiyo. Maandishi yote yanapaswa kuwa kamili, lakini pia kwa ufupi iwezekanavyo. Hakikisha umechapisha maoni yote katika sehemu yako na sehemu ya majadiliano pekee. Ikiwa U4C itafanya uamuzi, itakulazimu na kwa hivyo tunapendekeza ushiriki. :Tafadhali usijibu hapa, lakini kwenye ukurasa wa kesi uliounganishwa au ukurasa wa mazungumzo unaohusishwa. Ikiwa ungependa kuwasiliana na U4C moja kwa moja, utapata barua pepe hapa. Tafadhali tumia barua pepe tu ikiwa unahitaji faragha (k.m. maelezo ya kibinafsi). :Karibuni sana, :Kwa niaba ya kamati ya U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 10:21, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :As an individual I encourage you to please participate in the next 3-5 days. (Kama mtu binafsi ninakuhimiza tafadhali ushiriki katika siku 3-5 zijazo.) '''[[Mtumiaji:Barkeep49|Barkeep49]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Barkeep49|majadiliano]])''' 01:46, 9 Januari 2025 (UTC) == [[Lugha ya Adamu]] == {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} See explanation: [[Majadiliano:Lugha ya Adamu]]. <blockquote> '''Anna Katharina Emmerick''' in her revelation was informed, that especially three languages of [[Baktria]], [[Zendia]], [[India]] are FIRST EVER descendants of language of [[Adamu]], of course in regard of purity as measure of being LEAST CHANGED from language of [[Adamu]] itself. </blockquote> Please add this to article in Swahili version, I need your effort because I tried to write this sentence in Swahili, and it turned ungramatical. Without this addition, article is still incomplete. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|Mwanajoka]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|majadiliano]])''' 10:10, 1 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} Do him a favor, please. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 15:45, 19 Januari 2025 (UTC) What I put in "blockquote frame" is technically needed to identify language of [[Adamu]] as essentially being RING0 "protoindogermanic" ancestor of RING1 "indoiranic" descendants. It shows that descendant RING2 will be the rest of "indoeuropean" languages, with subsequent "NON-indoeuropean" descendant rings being less and less similar to language of [[Adamu]] itself. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|Mwanajoka]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|majadiliano]])''' 09:07, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Small Wiki Monitoring Team == Thou will REGRET all SYSOP-ONLY page protections when WMF desysop thee: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu?type=protect&user=Riccardo+Riccioni [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-10150|&#126;2025-10150]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-10150|talk]]) 12:12, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Stewards from time to time globally lock local established users like [[Maalum:Michango/Resnick-mike|this one]] out of their accounts for some alleged "long term sexual abuse". It seems that SWAHILI both sysops and users are under siege from WMF. Pure colonialist approach. They still do not dare to do this to local sysops, but they feel that doing this to local users can be done with impunity. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-13588|&#126;2025-13588]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-13588|talk]]) 08:41, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::Do you happen to have any vivid proof to support your notion? [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 12:01, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Support is here if you wish: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=AFRUCA_Africans_Unite_Against_Child_Abuse&diff=1379881&oldid=1366743 AFRUCA] - stewards are very itchy at newbies touching sexual abuse topics. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-14050|&#126;2025-14050]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-14050|talk]]) 12:30, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::I have seen the user made sizable number of edits. I haven't found any problem with the account in question. Let me go to the Steward who locked the guy. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 12:36, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::::Do not forget they believe malicious denunciations against you local sysops, they can as well believe similar fascist calumnies against their victims. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-13839|&#126;2025-13839]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-14050|talk]]) 12:46, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::::"Checkuser Tools" in case of repeatedly overlapping dynamic IPs between totally unrelated users can produce fake results. '''[[Mtumiaji:$ilas duguda|$ilas duguda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:$ilas duguda|majadiliano]])''' 13:02, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::::::Swahili Wikipedia MUST officially opt-out from Small Wiki Monitoring Team surveillance. Too many collateral global bans against recent incoming accounts since end of 2024 year. CHECKUSER method has one fault. If dynamic IP will be again associated with someone unrelated, while once it was associated with vandal, they blindly BELIEVE it. And result is simple. GLOBAL BAN! '''[[Mtumiaji:Hatani Nihongi Katani|Hatani Nihongi Katani]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hatani Nihongi Katani|majadiliano]])''' 21:02, 10 Februari 2025 (UTC) == [[Joseph Leonard Haule]] == Ndugu Riccardo, Naomba ufute ukurasa tajwa hapo juu ili tuweze kuunga interwiki links zake kwa <nowiki>[[Professor Jay]]</nowiki>. Aliyehamisha mwanzo kutoka Prof. kwenda Joseph hakika hajui alitendalo. Pole kwa usumbufu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:22, 3 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Nimeshafuta tayari @[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 17:59, 3 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::Iliyotakiwa kufutwa ni Joseph Leonard Haule. Ile Professor Jay ndiyo halisi kwa sababu ni jina lake kisanii linalofahamika kimataifa. Kuita jina la mwanamuziki kwa jina la kuzaliwa si sawa. Hamisha matini kwa Profesa kisha futa hii ya Joseph. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 20:37, 3 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Shida ni kwamba huyo si msanii tu, bali pia mwanasiasa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:11, 5 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::Ikiwa unapendekeza ibaki ilivyo, basi lisiwe jina zima bali "Joseph Haule" itakuwa rahisi zaidi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 07:22, 5 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Makala za Kongo == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] natumaini wewe ni mzima wa afya, Kuna makala zinzondelea kuandikwa kutoka kongo nadhani ni editathon inayoendelea uko na sijajua bado kiongozi wake ni nani, bado wanaoandika awana uelewa mzuri kuhusu uandishi wa makala je kunajambo linaweza kufanyika? '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 03:18, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Samahani kwa kuingilia mjadala, kama ni Kongo, kwani hawana Wikipedia yao? Ni ndogo sana ukilinganisha na ya Kiswahili. Inakuwaje wanajaza uchafu huku wakiacha ya kwao? '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 07:58, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] nchi nyingi sasa wanashiriki kuandika makala za kiswahili ikiwemo Rwanda, Kenya na wengine wengi. Changamoto ni kutokua na mawasiliano na wausika wa editathon izo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 08:12, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Ndugu@[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]], si kosa kuingilia mjadala, ila @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ameshakujibu: Wikipedia hii si ya Tanzania, bali ya lugha ya Kiswahili ambayo ni ya kimataifa. Hakuna Wikipedia ya Kingwana (yaani ya Kiswahili cha Kongo). Muhimu ni kuwasaidia wachangie vizuri, kwa kuwa kweli tunahitaji Wikipedia yetu itumike zaidi huko kwao. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:43, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::Oh, basi sawa. Nimekuelewa. Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 06:57, 11 Februari 2025 (UTC) == [[:Faili:Mlango wa Kiswahili Makumbusho ya Taifa Dar.jpeg]] == Hello! Can you check if the information on this file page is correct? Perhaps the file should be added to an article? '''[[Mtumiaji:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MGA73|majadiliano]])''' 18:13, 7 Januari 2025 (UTC) :The information is correct, though the photo is by the late Kipala. He uploaded it while teaching me how to upload photos. Now I have used it in the page "[[mlango]]". Thanks and peace to you. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:40, 8 Januari 2025 (UTC) :: Hello. Thank you. So Kipala is the photographer? If so then it should say "Kipala" instead of your name. --'''[[Mtumiaji:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MGA73|majadiliano]])''' 11:24, 8 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Let you change, if you like. Thanks. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:01, 8 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Misunderstandings == Main Space is not Template Space. It does NOT work with {{}} transclusion. [[Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] should be named [[Kigezo:Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] which is adminprotected unlinked redirect and this is useless REDIRECT to be sacrificed by deleting first. Please fix your namespace error by redirect deleting and by page moving. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 20 Januari 2025 (UTC) You are CONSTANTLY tricked by redirects, instead of doing REQUESTED lowering protection at: *https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&page=Kigezo%3AAlfabeti+ya+kigiriki+kamili you did ON YOUR OWN, for ALREADY perfect template state, heightened protection at: *https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&page=Kigezo%3AAlfabeti+ya+Kigiriki+kamili NOTE lowercase "kigiriki" VS uppercase "Kigiriki". '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 11:30, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) My new template exists already crosswiki in 25 languages at least. Thank you for unprotection. At least I finally COPYPASTED content from [[Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] to REDIRECT (lowercase kigiriki) [[kigezo:Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] which is '''NOT''' (uppercase Kigiriki) [[kigezo:Alfabeti ya Kigiriki kamili]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 11:39, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} see [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]] - more than ONE superfluous move-leftovers for greek-related template page+talk is to be erased. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 13:12, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == [[§]] == Just removed old misinformation: [[Disigma]] is SECTION, not letter, see what GREEKS themselves say: http://lexilogia.gr/threads/pilcrow-σύμβολο-της-παραγράφου-παραγραφόσημο.2426/#post-22012 "section, § = ενότητα, τμήμα, εδάφιο (§, δίσιγμα)". '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 16:29, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) See [[w:el:wikt:δίσιγμα]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 16:57, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Country and Behavior == Not to be rude or something which country are you from? Its just a surprise to see a White man with fluent Swahili '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 20:01, 23 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Ana miaka arobaini nchini Tanzania. What do you expect? [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 10:21, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) Riccardo Riccioni = [[Italia]]no. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 10:13, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) @[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]] I didn't ask your opinion whether he is Tanzanian or not. You are so rude to be bureaucrat. I asked him. You think you are like a god and its so embarrassing that you are on your 40's with that attitude, such a bore '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 14:49, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) Gayle, please be avoiding all personal attacks, they are totally disturbing. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 17:56, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :This guy Muddyb told me to go to a "test Wikipedia" if i wanted to play just because i asked him to delete my page, that was rude especially from a bureaucrat. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:46, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :I don't understand why he's attacking so much. Normal conversations, he turns them into hostility or conflict. There's a problem somewhere. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:34, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) Gayle157, you mistake being shy for being rude. Calm down, please. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 18:10, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Shy? And why would i be shy? '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:36, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Those aren't personal attacks, he came at me and I cant just let him slide with it, and i am not talking about this reply, he is at my nerve. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:42, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) "Shyness" vs "Rudeness" was meant not about Gayle157, but about Gayle157's assessment of owner of this talk page. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 18:52, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Kwa nini kupenda ugomvi? Tena kwa kitu kidogo namna hiyo? Mimi ni mzaliwa wa Italia, lakini kwa sasa ni raia wa Tanzania tu, ninapoishi kwa zaidi ya miaka 40. Basi, nawatakia amani, lakini matashi hayo yasiwe chanzo cha mabishano mengine, tafadhali. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:28, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Ni vijana mzee wangu. Sisi tuliokula chumvi nyingi tunatambua tone zao. Hizo tone ni za kitoto mno. Hata hivyo, sipaswi kuleta wimbi la ugomvi katika ukurasa wako. Ninaenda sasa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:36, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Stub and Mbegu == You said Stub is Mbegu in Swahili. If there's no template for Mbegu that should appear at top, then I am going to use Stub. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 08:24, 19 Januari 2025 (UTC) @[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]], we have stub-templates, ex. gr. mbegu-mwanasiasa, mbegu-mtu etc. and we use it at the bottom of the page. Almost all pages in Swahili Wikipedia have it. This is why you don't need to insert yours at the top. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:42, 19 Januari 2025 (UTC) I actually found instead of stub i can use *mbegu* at top instead of using **mbegu-** at the bottom, It doesn't impress me, hope you are okay with that '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 15:07, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Thank you for being a medical contributors! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;" |rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|130px]] |style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" |'''The 2024 Cure Award''' |- | style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" |In 2024 you '''[[mdwiki:WikiProjectMed:WikiProject_Medicine/Stats/Top_medical_editors_2024_(all)|were one of the top medical editors in your language]]'''. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We really appreciate you and the vital work you do! Wiki Project Med Foundation is a [[meta:Wikimedia_thematic_organizations|thematic organization]] whose mission is to improve our health content. '''[[meta:Wiki_Project_Med#People_interested|Consider joining for 2025]]''', there are no associated costs. Additionally one of our primary efforts revolves around translating health content. We invite you to '''[https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/index.php try our new workflow]''' if you have not already. Our dashboard automatically [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php collects statistics] of your efforts and we are working on [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/fixwikirefs.php tools to automatically improve formating]. |} Thanks again :-) -- [[mdwiki:User:Doc_James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 06:23, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Doc James@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Top_Other_Language_Editors_2024&oldid=28172893 --> == Ufutaji wa makala == kwa nini makala niliyochangia ya "[[MGC]]" imefutwa na RICCARDO RICCIONI? [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-15063|&#126;2025-15063]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-15063|talk]]) 05:10, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) :Kwa sababu ni kujitangaza, kinyume na sera ya Wikipedia. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:39, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Violation of Wikipedia policy == The user @[[Mtumiaji:PAULO OBEDI|PAULO OBEDI]] is repeatedly adding requests for financial assistance to articles. This violates the Wikipedia policy on personal financial solicitation and spam. Could an you look into this!, This could be a potential spam [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^Chronist</i>'''</div>]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]]) 06:02, 2 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Futa == <nowiki><span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">}}</span>futa<span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">{{</span></nowiki> || <span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">}}</span>futa<span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">{{</span> ≠ [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Batundi Luanda|Batundi Luanda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Batundi Luanda|majadiliano]])''' 16:49, 2 Februari 2025 (UTC) SUCCESS! UNWANTED pages ceased to show in [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-15564|&#126;2025-15564]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-15564|talk]]) 17:02, 2 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Spam and Sockpuppet == Would you Look at this Account, He created another account and keep requesting for money after you blocked him @[[Mtumiaji:PAULI OBEDO|PAULI OBEDO]] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^Chronist</i>'''</div>]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]]) 10:24, 5 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == COPY PASTE page moves == It is wrong, it does NOT preserve edit history with list of contributors required by GPL, please FIRST delete [[mabadiliko ya tabianchi]] and then move [[Mabadiliko ya Tabianchi]] onto it. '''[[Mtumiaji:Norbilian|Norbilian]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Norbilian|majadiliano]])''' 12:49, 5 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{Imefanyika}} == Fantasies == Not only you, but others, PLEASE tell this GAYLE that it is OK this condemnation of NON-REPRODUCTIVE toying with bodies CONTRARY to INBUILT reproductive organ functions, basically UN-natural, so ANTI-functonal. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-23540|&#126;2025-23540]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-23540|talk]]) 09:48, 19 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Baba Bora == {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} Kwa nini makala niliyochangia ya "[[Jinsi ya Kujitayarisha kuwa Baba Bora]]" imefutwa na Riccardo Riccioni? '''[[Mtumiaji:Byera08|Byera08]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Byera08|majadiliano]])''' 05:46, 11 Februari 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Byera08}} Nilipaswa kuhamisha mada kwenda "Baba". Hata hivyo, mchango wako haukai kiensaiklopedia kwa sababu ni mashauri tu. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 20 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Tungependa kusikia kuhusu uzoefu wako kuhusu Akaunti za Muda == <section begin="body"/> [[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]] '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo Utafiti huu hautachukua zaidi ya dakika 5 kukamilisha.]''' Timu ya Trust & Safety Product hivi karibuni iliunda [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|akaunti za muda]] zinapatikana kwenye miradi ya wiki 12. Kuna mipango ya kupanua hili kwa seti kubwa ya miradi ya wiki katika wiki na miezi ijayo, kisha kufuata mchakato wa kutekeleza kikamilifu baadaye mwaka huu. Ushiriki wako katika utafiti huu utakuwa na manufaa makubwa katika kutusaidia kuelewa jinsi Akaunti za Muda zinavyofanya kazi na kile tunachoweza kuboresha mbele. Sera ya faragha ya utafiti huu inaweza kuonwa [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|kupitia kiungo hiki]]. Kwa kumaliza utafiti huu, unakubali masharti yaliyoainishwa katika sera ya faragha. Asante!<section end="body"/> [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">majadiliano</span>]]) 02:50, 27 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/8&oldid=28315571 --> ==Communication by the U4C== I'm writing to inform you that in the U4C case [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia|Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] the 2 week "investigation phase" is now open. This phase will last around two weeks, during this phase parties and also other editors can still submit further evidence. We warmly suggest to take this opportunity, each statement can serve to clarify the position of each of the parties involved. Many thanks. On behalf of the U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 20:58, 3 Machi 2025 (UTC) (Translation by Google translate) Ninakuandikia kukujulisha kwamba katika kesi ya U4C [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia|Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] ya wiki 2 sasa "awamu ya uchunguzi" imefunguliwa. Awamu hii itachukua takriban wiki mbili, wakati wa vyama vya awamu hii na pia wahariri wengine bado wanaweza kuwasilisha ushahidi zaidi. Tunashauri kwa moyo mkunjufu kuchukua fursa hii, kila taarifa inaweza kutumika kufafanua msimamo wa kila mmoja wa wahusika wanaohusika. Asante sana. Kwa niaba ya U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 20:58, 3 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Apology == Sorry for AUTOMATIC TRANSLATION, please unblock primary account, you made me even REPLYING impossible from my primary account! '''[[Mtumiaji:Jiah Harrison|Jiah Harrison]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jiah Harrison|majadiliano]])''' 10:04, 13 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Broken Redirects == Please delete all pages edited by: [[special:contribs/~2025-33472]] which are nothing but red-link broken redirects, see: [[special:contribs/DreamRimmer]] - he failed to tag them all to deletion. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-35189|&#126;2025-35189]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-35189|talk]]) 16:58, 19 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore in Tanzania 2025 == Ndugu Riccardo, nimetafuta nimempata mchawi wetu wa makala hizo. Ni @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] kama nilivyosema hapo awali. Nimeipata Dashibodi->> https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/courses/Wikimedia_Community_Kilimanjaro/Feminism_and_Folklore_in_Tanzania_2025?enroll=dpgcmlqt kadhalika chanzo cha challenge hii; https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025/Project_Page#Local_Activities/events Kwako Nd. @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]], unaombwa uwajibike kwa matendo yako. Kumekuwa na rundo la makala zisizofaa kwa kutumia challenge hii. Je, ukiwa peke yako utaweza kuboresha matini ya makala elfu mbili? Ama ndiyo bora liende? Tujisahihishe. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 11:53, 23 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Urbanization== What's Urbanization in swahili? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:49, 21 Aprili 2025 (UTC) Ukuaji wa miji. Sijui kama kuna neno lingine. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:50, 21 Aprili 2025 (UTC) == Tanbihi == I think the book sources are the one that should use the word tanbihi, Then Other sources to use '''Marejeo'''. Since ''Tanbihi'' is NB/Footnotes [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 06:08, 1 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, mimi nilifundishwa zamani na Muddy kuandika tanbihi. KKK inasema tanbihi ni maelezo yanayotolewa sehemu ya mwisho au chini ya ukurasa au sura... Labda umshirikishe Muddy. Ila kumbuka mabadiliko hayo yanadai kuhariri upya kurasa karibu 100,000! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:11, 1 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}} naona unabadilisha "tanbihi" kuwa "marejeo". Lakini baadaye unaacha "marejeo" tena kwa maana nyingine. Vipi? Pia umeanza tena kuhamisha kurasa bila mawasiliano yoyote. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:45, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::About Tanbihi i was checking if my Bot can do the task, You can clearly see they aren't manual! :::About Moving page which page did i move wrong? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:02, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::I will fix the Bot code later so that it corrects that. If i moved any page wrongly or you are in doubt let me know, Aisee, I gave a notable Summary. ::::If its about Changing Redirects into articles let me know too, I can explain! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:25, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, nafurahi kwamba umeweza kuandaa Bot yako. Itaweza kutusaidia sana na haraka. Ila unajua kwamba ukienda kasi nje ya njia, unaweza ukapotea kuliko mtu anayekwenda polepole... Hivyo ni kupanga mambo vizuri kabla ya kutumia Bot. Kama lilikuwa jaribio, ni sawa. Kuhusu kuhamisha kurasa, hivi karibuni sijaona makosa kwako, ila mimi nilijizuia kufanya mabadiliko ya namna hiyo kabla sijakubaliana na wahariri wengine. Kwa mfano, ni kweli Iraki ni sahihi kuliko Iraq, nami nilitaka kuhamisha ukurasa huo, lakini suala la majina ya nchi ni kubwa na limeshasababisha magomvi! Ndiyo maana nilipendekeza zaidi ya mara moja tujadiliane sote pamoja, k.mf. Uhindi / India, Uchina / China. Mpaka leo sijafanikiwa kufanya tufikie uamuzi. Hiyo inasumbua hata katika jamii, unapokuta kwa nchi ileile jamii zinazotumia Uhindi na nyingine India. Hata kwa hilo natumaini Bot yako itasaidia kufanya kazi kubwa na kuokoa muda wetu mwingi. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:58, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::::Asante, Ee hiyo boti ilikuwa ya jaribio tu! ::::::Yes, We need a discussion about the Country names ,The Sources of this names, The best name among listed. Like a Project; [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:08, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::The bot can now function, see [[Maalum:Michango/Gayle-Bot]] :::::::If you happen to know any task that requires automated / bot Operation feel free to inform me, :::::::About the country names discussion , So what's your plan about it? Launch a project or? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:16, 3 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::::::Suala la majina ya nchi tulipendekeze kwa Muddyb na wengineo kabla ya kuendelea na mabadiliko. Hata hivyo baadhi hayana ubishi, k.mf. Poland > Polandi au Israel > Israeli. Naomba uanze na nchi hizo. Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:29, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Sijaelewa; [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:06, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Yaani naomba kama Bot inaweza kubadilisha katika makala na jamii zote majina ya Poland na Israel kuwa Polandi na Israeli. '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:22, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Ooh sawa nimeelewa sasa, I'm working on it! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:25, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|+]] {{imefanyika}}, Its done though there are a few Redirects to Israel that haven't been fixed, Also this pages blow require manual deletion by an admin,Which are Old Versions of the new pages. Also there were some minor errors on Flags , Emblem and maps which i can fix manually. {{quote| [[:Jamii:Israel]] [[:Jamii:Lugha za Israel]] [[:Jamii:Jiografia ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Miji ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Mito ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Milima ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Wanafizikia wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Wachezaji wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Wanakemia wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Marais wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Miji ya Poland]] [[:Jamii:Watu wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Lugha za Poland]] [[:Jamii:Waandishi wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Watunzi wa Poland]]}} [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:55, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Refining == Its Incredible how you refine content, I will be adding content and leave it for you to refine. I just love adding content [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 10:48, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Asante kwa pongezi zako. Lakini lengo langu mojawapo ni kuonyesha mfano ili wengine wajifunze. Msiniachie kazi nyingi mno! Hata mimi nina mipango ya kuongeza mada. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:21, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::Ni sawa!, We will do our best [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:46, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::I’m still learning, and I regret how I came across during my first month on Swahili Wikipedia. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:56, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::Don't worry, you are very young. You have time. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:58, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::{{ping|Gayle157}} Hi, many times you don't add content, but you change it, following the English edition. May be it's easier to you, but it's not very respectful to those who used their time to write before you. Sometimes I have to refine new sentences which were refined in their earlier form. Thank you for your attention. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:52, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::First of all i don't use the English wiki edition, ::::::Also most articles have to be updated now and they and don't necessarily need to be in their original form because in most cases they are outdated. ::::::Me changing the article course doesn't make the original author loose his/her credit, ::::::In en wiki articles are modified now and then! ::::::Especially content on lead section , Isn't that what wiki is for? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:59, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::Thank you for your answer. Yes, Wiki is for ongoing work. What I meant is somehow as what Jesus said: "Not to delete, but to fulfill"! Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:05, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::::I didn't get that! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:12, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, nakukumbusha kwamba unapotaka kuongeza taarifa unapaswa kuwa makini usije ukaacha nyingine muhimu zilizokuwepo. Kwa mfano, kuhusu Tundu Lissu uliondoa ile ya kwamba ndiye mwenyekiti wa Chadema. Kuhusu mkoa wa Arusha umeondoa ile ya kwamba unapakana na ile ya Mara na Shinyanga, kumbe umeongeza ule wa Tanga ambao sasa uko mbali. Kuhusu mkoa wa Morogoro umeondoa mikoa ya jirani ya Ruvuma na Lindi. Asante kwa kujali. Aamani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:24, 25 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Oops I'm sorry i guess i checked the Tanzanian map incorrectly, The existing text didn't mention the neighboring regions in a more nuanced way i had to confirm in the map ::::::::::But still those articles need to be modified on lead section, You can confirm that using Mobile view and remember 90% of this Wikipedia views are from mobile ,. ::::::::::The Original state of most articles in this Wikipedia are too unappealing [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:31, 25 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::Since the Articles of Regions of Tanzania have More or close to 500 views per month, And since you are the main Editor and also You are Tanzania please help Improve the Quality of the Lead Section of those articles, They sound too Informal or Low Quality especially on Mobile Devices, Maybe you can make them more '''INFORMATIVE''' . [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 16:15, 26 Mei 2025 (UTC) Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, ni sawa, ila nitafanya baadaye kidogo. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:00, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, nimemaliza kazi uliyoniagiza. Sasa nakuomba ufanye vilevile kwa kaunti za Kenya. Asante na amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:08, 1 Julai 2025 (UTC) ::Asante sana , Nitafanya hivyo! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 10:27, 1 Julai 2025 (UTC) == Peter Born lȣ == {{ping|Riccardo_Riccioni}} PLEASE UNBLOCK ME - I EDITED in good faith! I did nothing wrong, some META denounced me falsely! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-55756|&#126;2025-55756]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-55756|talk]]) 13:02, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It was NOT intended as vandalism, BAN-ana to account is OVER-reaction! '''[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:New Boy999|majadiliano]])''' 13:20, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::There's a Unblock tag! Use it in your talk page <nowiki>{{Unblock|1=}}</nowiki>[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:25, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Block Settings == @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Would you please ease the block Settings of Peter Born lȣ to at least 1 day, Maybe as a warning! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:29, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]], unavyoona huyo hahitaji unblock kwa sababu ameshaanzisha akaunti nyingine ambayo anaitumia sasa kusumbua tena Kisii na Kirinyaga... --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:41, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :R.R. you are CATHOLIC, you should be example of MERCY. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-56159|&#126;2025-56159]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-56159|talk]]) 13:47, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::See [[Talk:GNU Free Documentation License]]. I always tried to have edit histories compliant to their contiguous state. When Gayle creates new content, old content always must be shoved away.'''[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:New Boy999|majadiliano]])''' 13:53, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::Mimi nimekabidhiwa usimamizi wa toleo hili si kama Mkatoliki, bali kama mtu anayetaka liendelee vizuri. Mnatupotezea muda mwingi. Tukiwaacha muendelee mtaharibu kila kitu. Amani kwenu! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:59, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::@[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] Contiguous state lol; I stopped blanking Talk pages long ago!, That's not an excuse!. ::::Why don't you stick to one account, Stop using IPs "often" especially when doing a vandalism act, It will better, [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::I meant continuity in regard to [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157/ukurasa wa majaribio]]. Vandal TEMP ACCOUNTS are "simu" "rununu" tagged, mine are WITHOUT "simu" "rununu". '''[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:New Boy999|majadiliano]])''' 14:13, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::In this context, most IP vandals in recent past don't have mobile tag, ::::::The only thing i can suggest is the reducing the Infinite block expiry settings , [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:17, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::Rununu-Simu vandals exposed. I edited from THIS temp account all pages recently corrected by me after Rununu-Simu vandals. See their edit histories. Rununu-Simu troublemakers are really recent. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-56650|&#126;2025-56650]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-56650|talk]]) 14:44, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Ya/Za == [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|°]]Why 'ya' we are talking about Politic-'''S''' , Most news outlets say "siasa za" [https://www.bbc.com/swahili/habari-57675769][https://kiswahili.tuko.co.ke/tags/siasa-za-kenya/][https://www.voaswahili.com/a/china-yapinga-vikali-udanganyifu-wa-siasa-za-umoja-za-marekani-japan-na-ufilipino-/7567680.html][https://swahili.cgtn.com/2025/04/16/ARTI1744765639929458] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:53, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Temporary Accounts and abuse on your project form a LTA ([[Special:CentralAuth/Wikibaijer|Wikibaijer]], [[Special:CentralAuth/AfricaAntifa|AfricaAntifa]], ... and many Tempory Accounts == Hi, I wanted to ask how you manage with the temporary accounts because I noticed that a Crosswiki LTA is very active here and sometimes has temporary accounts that change every minute. Are you already familiar with this? Can you cope with it? PS: This LTA also uses many proxys that should be blocked.--'''[[Mtumiaji:WikiBayer|WikiBayer]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:WikiBayer|majadiliano]])''' 20:05, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Dear {{ping|WikiBayer}}, no, I cannot cope with it. After the new policy about temporary accounts' privacy I no more understand what is going on. But sometimes they use registered accounts too. I have no more time to follow all their changes and reasons. I fear to block good contributors as vandals, because vandals denounce their changes. Moreover I receive many insults and threats by them and other people who want to do anything they want. It's discouraging. I appreciate very much your help. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:43, 29 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Citation Templates == In new Articles when citing please use the citation templates in Swahili, Example * Cite journal = Rejea jarida * Cite Web = Rejea tovuti * Cite News = Rejea habari Though other articles are on the process of being fixed by Bot. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:28, 5 Juni 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]]Now the thing is when we translate the page from ENWIKI, we do not take any measure to Swahilize those small terminologies since the nature it's leading its path, ie, we got we what we need and they don't bother where it's journal or web. Question, what if it's not translatted, anything wrong may happen? And FYI, Journal it's not JARIDA is SHAJARA in Swahili! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 16:23, 5 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::No, Shajara is more of a diary, Meanwhile a journal which is defined as ''either a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject or profession or a written record.'' and only Jarida is close to that definition [https://sw.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/jarida] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:10, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::@[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]] Based on deep research i did is that most of the articles arr saying Jarida is Journal, But a few gave alternatives using Shajara [https://sw.eferrit.com/journal/] , And even though not notable google translate uses Jarida too [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:22, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::I think i have got the difference * 1. Jarida – used when referring to a magazine, newsletter, or periodical publication. * 2. Shajara – used when referring to a personal journal or diary. So '''''Jarida''''' takes it. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:31, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] Do whatever you deem fits. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 15:31, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::Come on , don't do that! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:56, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) == [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] == Adminprotected article. Still fake '''JINO''' in "Charcot-Marie-Jino" error persists there instead of "Charcot-Marie-Tooth" at reference number twelve. Please correct. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 09:30, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) {{Imefanyika}} "Zamshi" understood his errors. Please unblock [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] to permit him edit it. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 09:19, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Request to unprotect source: Hello. Thank you for unblocking my user. I understand My drafts were not upto standard but please kindly unprotect the article so i can continue my work please. I am a student and this is my first time here. Thank you for all the input and changes.Ill make sure to work better. Please kindly let me edit the source for my work. '''[[Mtumiaji:Zamshi|Zamshi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zamshi|majadiliano]])''' 09:31, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::Give him a chance. He wants [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] unprotected. He promises to NOT do other edits except direct article improvement directly at [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 09:40, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::Hello,I have tried checking the page again but the protected source is now gone.I understand it was my drafts accidentally published with many mistakes i was trying to fix but is there no chance for me to edit it again please.I am not sure how to move forward without ability to edit, kindly help in that regard please. '''[[Mtumiaji:Zamshi|Zamshi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zamshi|majadiliano]])''' 23:55, 18 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::"Zamshi", please tell again Riccardo Riccioni to UNPROTECT this [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]]. In case of his refusal, wait until 24 June 2024, then protection will expire. Then improve article DIRECTLY, abandon making of additional draft copies and abandon pagemoves.'''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 06:45, 19 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::Page will be unprotected after ONE hour from now. "Zamshi" REMEMBER: do NOT move/rename [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] page, do NOT create additional copies of [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] page, directly improve content of [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] page where it is now. Simply abandon "DRAFT" roleplaying completely. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 07:54, 19 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Disparity== I don't understand why all this pages below use '''Iran''' and the article itself says '''Uajemi''', The Modern Country is Iran, The Historical Kingdom and entities is '''Persia'''. Only in Informal terms is the modern country referred to as Persia [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?search=Iran&title=Maalum%3ATafuta&fulltext=search] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 06:28, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) We discussed with Muddyb and We have agreed that '''Persia''' will be for Historical entities before the Islamic revolution and '''Iran''' will be for the modern day country/political entity [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:15, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Muddyb#Disparity]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 07:23, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) == 100,000 pages == Congratulations on your outstanding contribution to the Swahili Wikipedia in helping it reach the 100,000-article milestone. Your dedication has played a key role in this achievement—well done! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:39, 23 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Thanks to you for the congratulations which I cordially reciprocate. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:45, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Msaada wa usahihi wa lugha == Habari ndugu Riccardo, Nina tazamia kufanya utafsiri wa makala inayohusu Ubalozi wa Uingereza nchini Tanzania kutoka lugha ya kingereza kwenda kiswahili Hivyo naomba ukaribu wa kusahihisha pale ninapokosea. Ahsante Amani iwe juu yako '''[[Mtumiaji:Killy95|Killy95]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Killy95|majadiliano]])''' 03:06, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Hakuna wasiwasi, tuko pamoja! Amani kwako pia! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:45, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Ancient Sorcerous Empire == WikiBayer - is NOT guardian angel, it is ANNONRIAL/RAVERNAL pure evil: [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Gayle157#Elephant_in_Porcelain_Shop]] READ debunking of WikiBayer reverts. '''[[Mtumiaji:Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel|Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel|majadiliano]])''' 08:26, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == njia ya kuelewa kwa urahisi teknolojia ya chanzo huria == Nimeona umefuta makala yangu ya "njia ya kuelewa kwa urahisi teknolojia ya chanzo huria" sijajua shida ni nini na ile ni assignmentyangu me ni mwanafunzinimepewa kazi na mwalimu ambayo inabidi nii kusanye tafadhali umefuta makala yangu ya "njia ya kuelewakwa urahisiteknolojia ya chanzo huria" ile ni assignment yangu nimepewa na mwalimu tafadhali me ni mwanafunzi najifunza tafadhali [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-82940|&#126;2025-82940]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-82940|talk]]) 19:24, 28 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Uharabu wa dhahiri == Ndugu Riccardo, Kwa heshima na tahadhima, naomba umfungie mtumiaji huyu analeta ukorofi wa wazi kabisa: [[Maalum:Michango/88 konqvista 88|https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Michango/88_konqvista_88]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 08:48, 8 Julai 2025 (UTC) :Again! :"xX Black Burn Xx" did MAD RVV, in violation of this RULE: :do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves :*https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Souls_of_Black_Folk&diff=1437178&oldid=1437139 :*https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Usafirishaji_haramu_wa_binadamu_nchini_Chad&diff=1437179&oldid=1437138 :He is already RVV-ed thoroughly. '''[[Mtumiaji:Keith David Williams|Keith David Williams]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Keith David Williams|majadiliano]])''' 08:11, 13 Julai 2025 (UTC) :{{imefanyika}} == [[Maalum:Michango/Maryam_Saleh_Abeid]] == Repeated breaching of [[w:en:Wikipedia:Don't cite Wikipedia on Wikipedia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Wflgf|Wflgf]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Wflgf|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 16 Julai 2025 (UTC) {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} ZERO reaction to BLOCK for 3 days, [[w:en:WP:CIRCULAR]] STILL disdained. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-30069-3|&#126;2025-30069-3]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-30069-3|talk]]) 14:19, 30 Julai 2025 (UTC) {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} ZERO reaction to BLOCK for 1 month, [[w:en:WP:CIRCULAR]] STILL disdained. [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sofie_Petersen&diff=1461181&oldid=1461155 REPEATED OFFENSE]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 10:26, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Lupinga Nyinga}} Ndugu, mimi nashindwa kuelewa ujumbe wako. Wengi mna Kiingereza ngumu kwangu! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:30, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Simple and plain: Maryam_Saleh_Abeid repeatedly uses WIKIPEDIA as references, she repeats this violation despite of her being blocked twice already. Its time for her permanent block. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 10:36, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I think @[[Mtumiaji:Maryam Saleh Abeid|Maryam Saleh Abeid]] didn't understand your statement in english thats why, i also think she doesnt need to be blocked permanent. :I will address this concern to her in swahili, thanks '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:43, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) She even does NOT understand this prohibition included in her "karibu" template. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 10:46, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == SCANDAL == Tell him something on HIS talk to stop his mindless revert campaigns, his last edits are purely destructive: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Michango/xXBlackburnXx Same with WikiBayer. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-25621-8|&#126;2025-25621-8]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-25621-8|talk]]) 09:24, 24 Julai 2025 (UTC) :The Temp Account ist a sock from the LTA. [[:m:Special:CentralAuth/Long Term Sexually Abuse]] '''[[Mtumiaji:WikiBayer|WikiBayer]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:WikiBayer|majadiliano]])''' 10:20, 24 Julai 2025 (UTC) What W.B. says about [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-25621-8]] is pure conjecture, self-contradicting, first says with PARTIAL DOUBT "very likely the active polished troll", later calls him some PORN MONGER , i edit from behind Great China Firewall so WTF? [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-25655-4|&#126;2025-25655-4]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-25655-4|talk]]) 10:31, 24 Julai 2025 (UTC) == Taiwanese Revisionists == Foreign censors falsely insist that CHINA means R.O.C. and not P.R.C. contrary to seat of P.R.C. in United Nations Security Council. They vandalize content and block honest users related to P.R.C. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-29877-5|&#126;2025-29877-5]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-29877-5|talk]]) 10:04, 31 Julai 2025 (UTC) == [[Jose Kaimlett]] HGN == Carissimo Riccardo, Pace!!! Come stai? Quì fa molto caldo, ma andiamo avanti!!! Per favore, potresti dare un'occhiata a questa pagina che ho appena creato? Grazie mille per il tuo aiuto. Se hai bisogno per l'Italiano o il Portoghese, ci sono!!! A presto '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 09:24, 1 Agosti 2025 (UTC) : Grazie mille!!! Domani celebriamo i dieci anni della dipartita di mio papà Gianpiero (4 agosto, 85 anni); prenderò il Perdono di Assisi. Un forte abbraccio. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 14:05, 1 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Meno male che anche in Italia c'è ancora chi ci crede! Papà riposi in Cristo! Pace anche a te! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:10, 1 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Devzboi == like [[Majadiliano:Devzboi1]], other [[Majadiliano:Devzboil]] MUST be deleted for real please! First DELETE, second PROTECT! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-32681-1|&#126;2025-32681-1]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-32681-1|talk]]) 11:43, 4 Agosti 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Wito wa kupiga kura kwa ajili ya [[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]] - awe msimamizi wa kusano == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], unaombwa kupiga kura juu ya kumpatia uwezo wa ukabidhi/usimamizi wa kusano katika ukurasa wa [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Msimaizi wa KUSANO - Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]]. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 07:51, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]], sijaelewa kitu kuhusu KUSANO, ila naona utendaji wa Justine una kasoro nyingi bado. Muamue wenyewe. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:56, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Kusano = interface. Ni kama mwonekano wa sura ya Wikipedia. Mfano hizi jumbe za mabadiliko ya karibuni, vungo viungavyo ukurasa huu, michango ya mtumiaji etc. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:21, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-34016-8]] == Dumbo, Pinocchio, Rescuers, etc... {{ping|Muddyb}}, could you add the Hadithi to these pages? Also, what about creating the other Disney movie pages that don't exist yet? Your OWNtalk STILL editprotected. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-34348-8|&#126;2025-34348-8]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-34348-8|talk]]) 10:13, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Sure. Will do. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 14:15, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|Muddyb}} When will these pages be made/edited? The ones that need the plots are: * [[Pinocchio (filamu ya 1940)]] * [[Bambi]] * [[The Rescuers]] * [[Home on the Range (filamu ya 2004)]] * [[The Princess and the Frog]] * [[Zootopia]] * [[Moana]] * [[Encanto]] * [[Toy Story]] * [[Monsters, Inc.]] * [[The Incredibles]] * [[Up (filamu)]] * [[Turning Red]] * [[Spies in Disguise]] See [[Kigezo:Katuni za Disney]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-47359-4|&#126;2025-47359-4]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-47359-4|talk]]) 09:09, 28 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:~2025-47359-4|~2025-47359-4]] May you should contact me direct instead of coming here and ping me from far away. Oh, I know. I hate temp accounts. I did block my page from you though! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:41, 28 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Page Translation Request == hello,sir I am requesting for translation of the article [[Nyanzi Martin Luther.]] into English please,it can either be in simple English Wikipedia or En Wikipedia,sir I kindly request. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-48323-7|&#126;2025-48323-7]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-48323-7|talk]]) 05:08, 29 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Bonaventura wa Barcelona == Caro Riccardo, Grazie mille per aver tradotto l’articolo del [[Bonaventura wa Barcelona|Beato Bonaventura]] in swahili. Sono di Riudoms, la sua città natale, dove abbiamo una grande devozione per il Beato. Sto cercando di ottenere il maggior numero possibile di traduzioni del suo articolo e oggi, dopo aver pubblicato la traduzione in ceco con l’aiuto di un’amica ceca, ho scoperto la vostra traduzione. Grazie infinite. Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jordi G|Jordi G]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jordi G|majadiliano]])''' 19:14, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == Makala ya Shule ya Sekondari ya Ufundi Ifunda == Habari ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], Nimeona umeweka taarifa juu ya makala tajwa kuwa ni kuhusu sehemu isiyojulikana. Bahati mbaya hizi ni shule chache zenye historia kubwa japo hazijulikani. Kuna haja ya kuziangazia kwa kina zaidi. Amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Magotech|MagoTech Tanzania]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Magotech|majadiliano]])''' 20:59, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == [[Aristide Igenukwayo Joviale]] == [[Aristide Igenukwayo Joviale]] = [[ALLI TALESI]] = [[Alli Talesi]] = Kijumla makala haina sifa yoyote ya kuwepo kwenye Wikipedia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Reliwei|Reliwei]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Reliwei|majadiliano]])''' 10:52, 6 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]] == Please delete all that is listed in [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]]. I do NOT make new pages. I mainly correct after temporary account flood. '''[[Mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|AlexBongo98]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|majadiliano]])''' 12:24, 6 Septemba 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Greetings from Germany == Hi Riccardo, do you have a minute or two for me? There is a discussion an my talk page with a member of your local community that insists, that I should stop patrolling for vandalism here. Could you please have a look? '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 09:47, 16 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :Thank you for your greetings. I noted your discussion but I haven't answered because I don't understand many technology issues. Please, excuse me and ask Muddyb. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:52, 16 Septemba 2025 (UTC) ::Thanks for the quick reply! I was a little nervous and worried that global CVUs wouldn't be welcome here. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 09:55, 16 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == In italiano :-) == Buongiorno Riccardo, avevamo previsto che gli argomenti inclusi nella mozione potessero diventare "un campo di battaglia" per gente da fuori e vandali vari con voglia di provocare. Con un po' di pazienza e la collaborazione degli Steward e dei GS ho fiducia che si possa trovare il modo di gestire anche questo. (Intanto mi chiedo quali orrori ho scritto sulle vostre pagine usando il traduttore automatico.) Grazie per la collaborazione e la pazienza anche per gli orrori di traduzione... Rinnovo l'invito a contattarci in caso di domande o per qualsiasi necessità legata alle linee guida che vi abbiamo chiesto di approfondire. Buona giornata! '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:13, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Civvì}}Non parlavo del tuo messaggio, ma della pagina in esame. Un tale ha già provveduto a inserirvi il template da me proposto e l'ho ringraziato. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Riccardo io invece ho proprio la certezza che ogni volta che usiamo il traduttore automatico per scrivervi ne escono dei pasticci magari difficili da decifrare. Abbiate pazienza (e se non è troppo lavoro magari sistemate le cose peggiori, ne saremmo davvero grati!). --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 14:56, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Napendekeza mradi wa lugha ya kiswahili == Habari, nimesoma baadhi ya makala, lakini kwa maoni yangu, kama kungekuwa na mradi wa lugha ya Kiswahili, ingefaa zaidi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Moyojnr|Moyojnr]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Moyojnr|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 7 Novemba 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Moyojnr}} Sijaelewa. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:02, 7 Novemba 2025 (UTC) ::In my opinion, if there was a Swahili language project, it would be more useful. '''[[Mtumiaji:Moyojnr|Moyojnr]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Moyojnr|majadiliano]])''' 14:26, 7 Novemba 2025 (UTC) == [[Carlo Acutis]] == Caro Riccardo, Pace!!! Come stai? Io bene. Ho aggiunto una foto della reliquia di san Carlo Acutis. Ti chiedo la gentilezza di tradurre la didascalia, che ho lasciato in Italiano. Grazie mille per il favore, a presto. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 07:36, 17 Novemba 2025 (UTC) : {{ping|Rei Momo}}Fatto! Prega san Carlo anche per la Tanzania in subbuglio... Pace a tutti! :: Certamente!!! Ho due rosari che mia nipote mi ha portato dalla Tanzania, quando è venuta a fare del volontariato medico dentistico. Clieli hanno dati le suore, ma non ricordo più di quale missione. :: Grazie di tutto '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:53, 17 Novemba 2025 (UTC) == Update request == Hello, Riccardo Riccioni. Can you remame [[Kigezo:Quebecor Inc.]] to [[Kigezo:Québecor]]? The spelling of Quebecor was officially changed to Québecor in May 2012, with the French accented version the sole name of the conglomerate since then. Sources: https://financialpost.com/news/quebec-puts-accent-on-linguistic-correctness https://www.ledevoir.com/economie/349655/les-actionnaires-de-quebecor-votent-pour-l-ajout-d-un-accent Yours sincerely, '''[[Mtumiaji:Kurcke|Kurcke]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kurcke|majadiliano]])''' 21:53, 10 Desemba 2025 (UTC) :Thank you very much. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kurcke|Kurcke]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kurcke|majadiliano]])''' 20:36, 11 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == [[w:de:Benutzer:Knergy/Tansania-Troll]] == Same as [[Maalum:Michango/JasonCarter2004]], now: *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-37592-11]] *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-41344-29]] *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-41170-85]] *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-41607-52]] HOAX articles again. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokobambo|Kokobambo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokobambo|majadiliano]])''' 10:13, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == Makala za tafsiri ya kompyuta == Ninafikiria kuanzia Jumanne wiki ijayo ama siku 2 za Krismasi nipambane zaidi kuhakikisha ninaboresha hata ziwe mbegu makala zote zilizopo katika jamii ya makala zenye mashaka ili kuondoa ile tagi ya makala ya kompyuta. Ni bora nizifanye kuwa mbegu kuliko kuwa na matini mengi yasiyoakisi maana. Unaonaje hapo mzee wangu? @Muddyb [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-41593-39|&#126;2025-41593-39]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-41593-39|talk]]) 13:11, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) :Sawa kabisa! Tupo pamoja! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:15, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Ahsante sana mzee wangu. Maana nimeona kufuata makala 1000+ tutaharibu ile milistoni inayoweka kule katika mabadiliko ya hivi karibuni. Tungepoteza ile trendi yake. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-41584-46|&#126;2025-41584-46]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-41584-46|talk]]) 22:17, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == Answer == Hello, this has to be a misconception. Yesterday I've reverted quite a lot of edits made by LTA Wikinger, who has been haunting me across wikis for some time. I am an editor from pl.wiki with almost 28000 edits, here you can find some more about me: [[:pl:User:Karol739]]. I'll also left the link to the page about Wikinger and his "work": [[:en:Wikipedia:LTA/Wikinger]]. The user is globally locked by WMF, therefore he doesn't have rights to edit on any wiki, so I've reverted everything he did. I don't know Suahili (at all), so if I broke something while doing it, I'm sorry, I can tidy up the mess I've created by mistake, if that's gonna be helpful for your community. Thanks a lot and best regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Karol739|Karol739]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Karol739|majadiliano]])''' 16:09, 19 Desemba 2025 (UTC) You even do not know where this vandal is, your reverts were mistargeted and misapplied, he whom you search looks [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jamii%3ALugha_za_Kenya&diff=1475849&oldid=1475848 like this], even today. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-41724-17|&#126;2025-41724-17]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-41724-17|talk]]) 16:20, 19 Desemba 2025 (UTC) Making reports about himself is also the thing which he does often in pl.wiki, so here we go ;) If you want to know more about his behaviour, you can reach me out in [[:pl:Wikipedia:Discord]] and [[Maalum:BaruapepeyaMtumiaji/Karol739]]. Again, if I broke something, that must've been done by accident and I'm sorry again. Best regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Karol739|Karol739]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Karol739|majadiliano]])''' 16:33, 19 Desemba 2025 (UTC) Hi, could you please protect my user talk page for some time? The LTA that we've been talking before has been haunting me for some time on sw.wiki. Thanks in advance, '''[[Mtumiaji:Karol739|Karol739]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Karol739|majadiliano]])''' 16:07, 29 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == Vandal == AbuseLogs shows normal edits, but for vandals is silent: https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:AbuseLog [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-43584-58]] = LitTerA, block immediately! '''[[Mtumiaji:Jojaruba|Jojaruba]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jojaruba|majadiliano]])''' 08:53, 30 Desemba 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Thou never will stop me == [[Maalum:Michango/Carlin_Kikoyo]] [[Maalum:Michango/Carlin_Oscar_Kikoyo]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Kikoyo Kikoyo|Kikoyo Kikoyo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kikoyo Kikoyo|majadiliano]])''' 10:31, 12 Februari 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Oscar Kikoyo}}, badala ya kunishukuru kwa kuanzisha ukurasa [[Oscar Kikoyo]], je unataka kutunisha misuli dhidi yangu? Mimi natimiza wajibu wangu tu. Sheria ni kwamba kila mtu anaruhusiwa kuwa na akaunti moja tu, na sheria ni msumeno. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:31, 12 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] please recognize, that the person behind that account is just the same person, which spammed nearly your whole talk-page. Please check your recent changes here for every new account and their language. I can assist you here, but you have the ability to identify a machine-translated text by the LTA which abuses your project as his playground. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 13:10, 12 Februari 2026 (UTC) :::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] please check RC. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 10:12, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::::@[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] I don't understand. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:02, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) :::::RC = Recent changes = [[Maalum:MabadalikoyaKaribuni]]. You LTA was vandalizing (including your talk page) with 3 Accounts which needed a block. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 12:04, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) :::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] you may clean up [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]] after your guest was locked with his accounts. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 13:55, 15 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Buona Qvaresima == Carissimo pe Riccardo, pace e bene!!! Io mi sto preparando alla Pasqua, penso di servire la messa dai miei Barnabiti a Lodi, alla chiesa di san Francesco. Presto lucrerò la santa indulgenza. Ti chiedo un piccolo favore: potresti aprire, o magari anche solamente tradurmi, la pagina che segue? Si tratta di una grande donna lodigiana che ha fatto tanto bene a Lodi e alle donne lodigiane. Grazie mille di tutto e buona Quaresima ancora!!! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) ##################### '''Elena Cazzulani''', conosciuta con il diminutivo di '''Ena''', ([[Lodi]], [[20 Desemba]] [[1920]] - [[Vigevano]], [[23 Juni]] [[2008]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] wa [[Italia]]. Il suo salotto letterario è stato un punto di riferimento per tutta la cultura della città di Lodi e della Lombardia per oltre trenta anni. Ha scritto diverse biografie su donne famose della città di Lodi. La sua famiglia ha fondato il ''Collegio Cazzulani''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827175601/http://www.istitutocazzulani.gov.it/sitovecchio/collegio_cazzulani/storia.html |title=C'era una volta il Collegio |publisher=istitutocazzulani.gov.it |accessdate=10 January 2026}}</ref> L'amminstrazione comunale di Lodi le ha dedicato una Via nel 1914. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.comune.lodi.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/IT/IDPagina/5907 |title=Intitolate tre nuove vie in zona Codignola |author=Comune di Lodi |date=24 December 2014 |publisher=comune.lodi.it |accessdate=10 January 2026 |language=Italian}}</ref>; <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ilcittadino.it/stories/cultura/lodi-omaggia-sue-figlie-migliori-o_11080_96/ |title=Lodi omaggia le sue figlie migliori |author=Fabio Ravera |date=15 October 2012 |publisher=ilcittadino.it |accessdate=25 February 2026 |language=Italian}}</ref> = Opere di Elena Cazzulani * 1982: ''Cristina di Belgioioso'', Ed. Lodigraf, Lodi * 1983: ''Il muro sul ponte'', Ed. Lodigraf, Lodi * 1984: ''Giuseppina Strepponi, biografia'', Ed. Lodigraf, Lodi * 1985: en col·laboració amb Gilberto Coletto: ''Francesco de Lemene. Poesia e teatro'', Ed. del Campus, Lodi * 1988: ''Il collegio Cazzulani'', Edizioni Lodigraf, Lodi * 1989: ''Maria Hadfield Cosway. Biografia, diari e scritti della fondatrice del collegio delle [[Institut de la Benaventurada Verge Maria|Dame Inglesi]] in Lodi'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi * 1991: ''Il viale delle ortensie'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi * 1992: ''Carlotta Ferrari da Lodi. Poetessa e musicista'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi * 1993: ''Ritorno al viale delle ortensie'', Ed. L'Immagine, Lodi * 1996: ''Il cielo comincia dal suolo'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi = Bibliografia * <Ercole Ongaro, ''Il Lodigiano nel Novecento: la cultura'', Milano, Franco Angeli, 2006 {{ISBN | 978-88-464-7142-0}} = Marejeo <references /> {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1920]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2008]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Italia]] ######################## :{{ping|Rei Momo}}. Volentieri. Naturalmente la via le è stata dedicata nel 2014, non prima della nascita! Buona Quaresima in pace! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:07, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) :Sììììììììììììì, hai ragione, sono un po' addormentato!!! Ti aiuterò in Francese e Portoghese. Grazie mille ancora. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 11:11, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::Grazie mille per il tuo aiuto!!! Pace!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) == Usahihi wa neno == Habari boss,nimeona umeweka jamii ya Che Zahara,sasa naomba kufahamu usahihi ni upi Wanaharakati wa Singapuri au Wanaharakati wa Singapore?Singapuri ni kiswahili cha Singapore,naomba unielimishe hapo '''[[Mtumiaji:Bycashtz|Bycashtz]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Bycashtz|majadiliano]])''' 18:23, 22 Machi 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Bycashtz}}, kama ulivyosema Singapuri ni Singapore kwa kufuata matamshi yake ilivyo kawaida ya Kiswahili. Lakini shida yetu katika Wikipedia hii ni kwamba tumeshindwa kukubaliana kuhusu majina ya nchi mbalimbali: tufuate tahajia ya Kiingereza iliyozoeleka au matamshi yake au jina lililotoholewa zaidi au...? Hivyo jamii zina utata: nyingine zinatumia Kodivaa, nyingine Cote d'Ivoire, nyingine Ivory Coast... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:41, 24 Machi 2026 (UTC) == NV == [[Maalum:Michango/NATHAN_VERITA$]] = [[Maalum:Michango/Nathan_Veritas]] - destruction impertinente, utilisateur interdit. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-19674-88|&#126;2026-19674-88]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-19674-88|talk]]) 11:23, 30 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Block request == Would you please block @[[User:Gravity Fa11s]] urgently. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:19, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :I have blocked him, but now he go on. I don't know how. What can I do more? Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:20, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Most probably he is using a VPN , Now this will require Meta-Wiki intervention/ Small-Wiki Monitoring Team (SWMT). [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:27, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) Already under GLOBE BAN-ana! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-20430-50|&#126;2026-20430-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-20430-50|talk]]) 07:51, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will be a week in between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:11, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30472482 --> == Bot == Hey! If there's any task you have in mind that requires mass edit and would best be performed by a bot, Please feel free to inform me or if in future you encounter/have that task in mind also don't hesitate to inform me! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 10:11, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Yes, my friend {{ping|Gayle157}}! I need to add more links in all saints'pages (section: Tazama pia). It may be ease to you by substituting everywhere <nowiki>* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]</nowiki>" with "<nowiki>* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]]</nowiki>" The exceptions are only 1 or 2. I'll provide for them afterward. Thank you very much! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:43, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Thanks i'm gonna work on it, But for Clarification when substituting, Should [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] remain, Or should be completely substituted for the new categories. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:02, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::{{ping|Gayle157}} Yes, let you substitute it, because it is included in the larger text. Thanks again! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:04, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::One more thing! You mentioned "I need to add more links in '''all saints'pages"''' , Which pages are this? Are they in a category, Or is the bot going to do a deep search in all pages? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:14, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::{{ping|Gayle157}} We need to substitute everywhere. Of course, all such pages are included in the <nowiki>[[jamii:Watakatifu Wakristo]]</nowiki> but some saints are included in more than one category, e.g. <nowiki>[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Italia]]</nowiki> and also <nowiki>[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]]</nowiki>, <nowiki>[[Jamii:Wafiadini Wakristo]]</nowiki> etc. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:37, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::Okay , Got it , I'm gonna work on it. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:06, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:14, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, kweli suala la majina ya nchi ni muhimu na la muda mrefu. Tuliwahi kulijadili kidogokidogo bila kufikia mwafaka. Pengine tungehitaji kukutana uso kwa uso wengi wetu. Majina mengine yanayopendekezwa na kamusi hayatumiki katika uhalisia wa maisha. Kwa mfano sasa hivi nimemuuliza mfanyakazi kama aliwahi kusikia jina Gine. Jibu lake ni hapana. Nilipomuuliza kuhusu Guinea akajibu ndiyo. Pengine tumezoea zaidi majina ya Kiingereza au ya asili. Kila kesi ni ya pekee. Naomba tushirikishe tena wakabidhi wote, la sivyo tutakuwa na kazi kubwa baadaye kurekebisha makala nyingi. Asante kwa juhudi zako. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:13, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Yes, the central issue still remains: ::'''Who or what should determine the naming of country articles on Swahili Wikipedia?''' ''Should it be the Kamusi, common everyday usage, linguistic scholars, or reliable published sources?'' ::</br> ::Each of these approaches has its own shortcomings. In many cases, Kamusi terms appear too vague and sometimes fail to reflect the native pronunciation or linguistic character of the original names. At the same time, everyday usage has been heavily influenced by English, which has significantly affected the originality and authenticity of Kiswahili naming conventions. ::</br> ::Historically, many modern countries were either unknown to Swahili speakers or did not yet exist in their present form. Because of this, English names were often adopted to fill that linguistic gap. Later, Kamusi attempted to provide Kiswahili alternatives, but some of those adaptations also moved away from both the native pronunciation and natural Kiswahili phonetics. ::</br> ::Personally, I do not believe that either approach is entirely sufficient, especially when it comes to relying solely on common usage. Many names currently in use are borrowed directly from English without proper adaptation to Kiswahili grammar, spelling patterns, or pronunciation. As a result, they often feel linguistically inconsistent and lacking in Kiswahili originality. ::For that reason, I believe every editor should have a voice in these discussions. Decisions of this nature should not depend only on habit or repetition, but also on linguistic consistency, phonetics, reliable sourcing, and community consensus. ::So far, meaningful discussions on this issue have largely stagnated, and little progress has been made toward establishing a clear and consistent standard. ::</br> ::That is why I believe individual effort and active participation from editors are now more important than ever if we truly want to address this matter properly. ::Thanks; [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:56, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}} nimesoma alivyoandika {{ping|Muddyb}} kwamba afadhali tufuate kamusi. Hoja zako zinanivutia zaidi kuliko kufuata kamusi, pia kwa sababu kamusi zinatofautiana. Kwa mfano, [[Kamusi Kuu ya Kiswahili|KKK]] inapendekeza: Gine, Ginebisau na Gineikweta. Shida yetu ni kwamba wengi hawajali sana mambo ya Wikipedia kama hakuna tuzo kutoka Wikimedia... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:35, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) == InternetArchiveBot == Hey! I noticed that some links tagged as dead by [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] are actually still working. For example, this URL in the Senegal article is still live: https://www.bouelmogdad.com/en/history/ . There seem to be several other similar cases as well, so I’d appreciate it if these links could be double-checked before removal. Thanks! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 04:50, 17 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Thank you, {{ping|Gayle157}}, for this information. I think the first thing to do is to inform the bot's responsible. On my side I'll leave all dead links, because deleting them is not a must. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:06, 17 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Unaweza kuwa na haki ya kupiga kura katika uchaguzi wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Nakutumia ujumbe huu kwa kuwa ulipiga kura katika uchaguzi uliopita uliohusu [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|halmashauri ya kuratibu kanuni za mwenendo duniani (U4C)]]. Unaweza kuwa na ushtahiki wa kupiga kura katika uchaguzi wa U4C unao endelea hivi sasa na utatamatika 2 Juni 2026. Unaeza pata maarifa kuhusu wagombeaji na uchaguzi katika [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|ukurasa wa uchaguzi ulio kwenye Meta]] na pia ya fursa kupata kura yako. Ushiriki wako katika uchaguzi huu ni muhimu kwa maana una athiri uwongozi wa jamii za Wikipedia, na muda uliotumia kusoma kuhusu wagombeaji na kupiga kura unathaminiwa. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:35, 20 Mei 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30569740 --> == Kiswahili == Hello. I'm looking for Swahili translation of descriptions of a few items for Wikidata. Would you help? '''[[Mtumiaji:Eurohunter|Eurohunter]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Eurohunter|majadiliano]])''' 18:55, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Yes, {{ping|Eurohunter}} if only a few. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:33, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Visual editor katika miradi ya wiki == Habari ndugu {{PAGENAME}}, Natumai u mzima. Naomba nafasi yako kidogo utupe mkono katika kuboresha mifumo yetu ya kiufundi hapa Swahili Wikipedia. Nimeanzisha ombi kule Phabricator ili watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor (Mhariri Unaoonekana) kwenye kurasa za miradi na kampeni zetu (`Wikipedia:Namespace`), jambo ambalo litatupunguzia sana mzigo wa kutumia Wiki markup ngumu wakati wa kuandaa warsha, mashindano, au majedwali ya miradi. Ili mafundi wa Wikimedia Foundation wawishe mfumo huu, wanahitaji kuona maridhiano na kura za wanajumuia wetu. Tafadhali naomba upitie hapa katika ukurasa wa Jumuiya kutoa kura yako ya Kuunga Mkono au maoni yako: 👉 [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace)|Bofya hapa kushiriki na kupiga kura]] Mchango wako wa sekunde chache utasaidia sana kurahisisha kazi ya waratibu na wahariri wote wa jumuia yetu. Shukrani sana. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:17, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Yahusu rasumu ya makala ya Innocent Manda == Habari ndugu Riccardo, Nimeona umefuta makala ya Innocent Manda leo kwa sababu ya kuonekana kama tangazo binafsi, naelewa na kuheshimu uamuzi huo kwa sababu tunatakiwa kulinda Swahili Wikipedia na kuhakikisha haina matangazo ya biashara. Hata hivyo lengo la makaya yale halikuwa promotion, nimeamua kuchukua maandishi yale na kuyafanyia marekebisho makubwa kwenye uwanja wangu wa majaribio/sandbox environment ili yaweze kufuata miongozo ya kamusi/wikipedia [[Mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar/Uwanja wa majaribio]] Nimeondoa nukuu zote za manono yanayosomeka kama promo na badala yake nikaweka ukweli halisi kuhusu WebYetu, Tuzo na kuweka refersnces na citations. Naomba iotazame na uniambie moja kwa moja kama kuna sehemu bado haijakaa sawa na inatakiwa kubadilishwa nini ili tuweze kuchapisha bila shida yoyote nadala ya kufutwa, asante sana mkuu '''[[Mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar|Mc dangote carsar]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 12 Juni 2026 (UTC) :{{ping|Mc dangote carsar}} Mimi nimeshamaliza kazi yangu. Kama haikuridhishi, naomba umshirikishe sysop mwingine. Tuko wengi. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:51, 13 Juni 2026 (UTC) == EACLC == Mkuu, naomba uipitie hii kama iko sawa ili tuweze kuihamisha Kuanzisha Mtumiaji:East Africa Commercial and Logistics Centre (EACLC) [[Kuanzisha Mtumiaji:East Africa Commercial and Logistics Centre (EACLC)]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar|Mc dangote carsar]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar|majadiliano]])''' 08:27, 20 Juni 2026 (UTC) :Kwa jumla ni sawa, ila jamii. Ukihamisha makala usisahau kuondoa "Kuanzisha Mtumiaji" katika kichwa. Amani kwako. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:39, 20 Juni 2026 (UTC) ::Shukran mkuu, Amani kwako pia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar|Mc dangote carsar]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar|majadiliano]])''' 08:42, 20 Juni 2026 (UTC) == Un bollente abbraccio italiano == Carissimo Riccardo, Pace!!! Quì, in diocesi di Lodi, siamo come all'Equatore, alle 8,00 del mattino ci sono già 30 gradi. Ti chiedo un piccolo favor: ho aperto [[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo/Sandbox 1|questa Sandobox]]: Pino era un grande personaggio che ci ha lasciato nel 2023, e vorrei farlo conoscere a tutti, mi aiuteresti, per favore? Era giornalista e sidacalista cattolico molto conosciuto. Ti chiedo di dargli un'occiata, la traduzione è dall'Inglese, e se volessi, apri pure la pagina a tuo nome. Grazie mille e un caro saluto, a presto. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 09:40, 29 Juni 2026 (UTC) :Ciao {{ping|Rei Momo}}. Noi siamo al fresco. Le date di nascita e morte non corrispondono proprio... Pace a te! '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:05, 29 Juni 2026 (UTC) :: Fattoooooo, corrette!!! Puoi pubblicarla senza problemi, grazie mille e Pace!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:15, 30 Juni 2026 (UTC) ::: Grazie milleeeee!!! Devo capire su cosa cliccare per "convertirla da Sandox a Pagina", ma credo di riuscirci!!! ::: Grazie ancora di tutto, a preso '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 11:16, 30 Juni 2026 (UTC) == Ombi la kuunga mkono mradi wa makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (WMF Rapid Fund) == Habari ndugu {{PAGENAME}}, Natumai u mzima. Naomba nafasi yako kidogo utupe mkono katika kufanikisha mradi mpya wa maudhui hapa Swahili Wikipedia. Nimeanzisha wazo la mradi kule Jumuiya ili kuomba ruzuku ya Rapid Fund kutoka Wikimedia Foundation (WMF). Lengo ni kuandaa warsha (workshop) na mashindano ya uandishi (Edit-a-thon) yatakayolenga kuziba pengo kubwa la makala za filamu na waigizaji wa Asia (hususan C-Dramas na K-Dramas), mada ambazo zina wasomaji wengi sana Afrika Mashariki lakini hazina maudhui ya kutosha kwa Kiswahili. Ili jopo la ruzuku la WMF lipitishe maombi haya ya fedha, wanahitaji kuona maridhiano (consensus) na kuungwa mkono na wanajumuia wetu wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Tafhdali naomba upitie hapa katika ukurasa wa Jumuiya kutoa kura yako ya Kuunga Mkono au maoni yako: 👉 [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#Wazo la Mradi: Kuongeza Makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (C-Dramas & K-Dramas)|Bofya hapa kushiriki na kuunga mkono]] Mchango wako wa sekunde chache utasaidia sana kuleta rasilimali zitakazokuza jamii yetu na kuongeza wahariri wapya. Shukrani sana. — '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == Ladygoody == Hi Riccardo, I see that you've dealt with this user before on [[User talk:Ladygoody|their talk page]]. I'm concerned that they're mass-creating unattributed unreferenced machine translations from the English Wikipedia, many of which are of articles from the category for [[:en:Category:Tulane University alumni|Tulane University alumni]]. I noticed this because it came to my attention that an article here, [[Tony Jones]], appears to be a translation of an article I just worked on, [[:en:Tony Jones (administrator)]], per Google-translating the Swahili page. I don't speak Swahili so I'll leave this with you, but I don't feel like dignifying the new page with a Wikidata connection to the English one. In case you don't know, [[Special:Nuke/Ladygoody]] will help you delete all their pages at once, in case you want to go down that route, but it will only work for a short time (I believe 30 days, but perhaps 90). '''[[Mtumiaji:Graham87|Graham87]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Graham87|majadiliano]])''' 13:03, 20 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :The edit filter won't let me fix my link above to the category, so let's try this: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Tulane_University_alumni] '''[[Mtumiaji:Graham87|Graham87]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Graham87|majadiliano]])''' 13:07, 20 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Graham87|Graham87]]. Yes, that user has problems. Yesterday too I spoke about it to @[[user:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]]. I also saw that that user produceS many pages about Tulane university alumni. But the pages are not so bad for our little Wiki. Let us insist that he/she insert a few references in each page, instead of delete all of them. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:57, 20 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Funny enough she was trying to school me on a matter that I'm already dived in fully. Ni maajabu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 22 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi]] == Hello! I noticed you recently moved the page Eire to Irelandi (I'm sure you had a reason behind it) and I was just curious about the reasoning behind the change. I had understood Irelandi to be an Anglicised term. I also noticed the use of Eire in other pages, such as [[Kieire]] and [[Bahari ya Eire]], so I was wondering whether the change would also affect those pages. Based on my understanding Eire or Ayalandi is a more suitable; If Native Speakers use Irelandi this should be used as an alternative name in the lead page but not for name page Thanks! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:33, 30 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :Asante kwa umakini wako. Bahati mbaya sysops wetu wengi hawajali suala hilo. Nilijaribu kulijadili mara kadhaa, lakini bure. Basi, mwezi uliopita nilikuwa ninapanga upya jamii za Eire/Ireland nikakuta dabo mbalimbali, k.mf. wachezaji mpira wa Ireland na wachezaji mpira wa Eire. Tutaendelea hivi mpaka lini? Uhindi na India, Uchina na China n.k.? Ukiangalia vizuri kurasa mbalimbali zinazotumia Eire ziliandikwa na mimi. Naona ni jina rahisi kwa Waswahili na ni la lugha asili ya wenyeji wa nchi ile. Hata jina la Kiingereza Ire-Land linatoka huko. Lakini nimegundua kwamba Tanzania hakuna anayeelewa Eire ni kitu gani. Sanasana wengine wanatumia Ueire. Kumbe wengi wanaelewa Irelandi kama wanavyofundishwa shuleni. Wachache wanaozungumza vizuri Kiingereza wanaelewa pia Ayalandi. Muhimu zaidi, nimeangalia kamusi 3 tofauti na zote zinataja nchi hiyo kwanza kama Irelandi, pili kama Ayalandi. Hivyo nimeamua kukubali hali halisi. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:44, 1 Novemba 2026 (UTC) gs7134i982ijg1evd3pbaod5202gdkg 1612437 1612387 2026-11-01T17:56:11Z Gayle157 73366 /* Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi */ Jibu 1612437 wikitext text/x-wiki {{archive box collapsible| *[[User:Riccardo Riccioni/Archive 1|Januri 2008 — Juni 9, 2024]] }} ==Fransisko wa Asizi== Riccardo, salam. Nd. Riccardo, ile makala ya Fransisko wa Asizi, umeandika safi sana na inaeleweka. Lakini je vipi kuhusu mwaka aliozaliwa huyu bwana unaujua? Natumai utakuwa umeitafsiri kutoka wiki zingine ama sivyo? Natumai ndivyo!! Basi kama utaweza kuandika mwanzo kabisa mwaka aliozaliwa itakuwa bora zaidi. Labada nikupe mfano mdogo: '''Fransisko wa Asizi''' (tarehe na mwaka aliozaliwa) alikuwa mtakatifu kutoka nchini Italia. Asizi alizaliwa katika mkoa wa Umbria, wilaya ya Perugia, Italia.... Kisha unaweka kama ndugu na mambo mengine!! Haya basi kama hujaelewa labda umwulize Kipala atakupa habari zaidi!! Kingine usisahau kuweka InterWiki katika makala yako kama ipo katika wiki zingine-'''[[w:it:Francesco d'Assisi]]''' (sijui kwa lugha ya Kitaliano wanahitaje) lakini inategemea na lugha vyovyote vile inaswihi. Kingine kuweka vichwa katika makala, hili nenda kaangalie makala yako utaona nimefanya vipi mpaka kimekuja kichwa cha habari-[[Fransisko wa Asizi]]. Sina mengi na nakutakia kheri ya mwaka mpya na furaha tele moyoni!!--[[User:Muddyb Blast Producer|Mwanaharakati]] 05:08, 7 Januari 2008 (UTC) Kuna kitu nimesahau kukueleza. Kuweka jamii au category katika makala, mfano: '''<nowiki>[[Category:Watakatifu wa Italia]]</nowiki>''' au '''<nowiki>[[Category:Watakatifu]]</nowiki>''' na nyingine ya mwaka aliozaliwa -unaweka mabano kama hayo kisha unaadika (Waliozaliwa 19 na...) kama kafa unaandika Waliofariki (mwaka aliokufa). Natumai utakuwa umeelewa!!--[[User:Muddyb Blast Producer|Mwanaharakati]] 05:20, 7 Januari 2008 (UTC) == Inquiry == Hello Riccardo. I've seen in article's history (Tafsiri ya Vishazi na Virai ...) that you removed the image that goes with the article. I thought it's a good Wikipedia practice to communicate with you to inquire for the reason. '''[[Mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|Dee Soulza]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|majadiliano]])''' 18:03, 8 Juni 2024 (UTC) :Yes, it's a good practice. The reason is that the image was not more visible. I don't know why, but if you can restore its visibility, let you do. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 04:56, 9 Juni 2024 (UTC) == [[:File:Sumbawan languages.png]] == Hi Ricardo! helped me to add this Linguistic map of the Sumbawa language to Wikipedia English for the Sumbawa language thanks. [[File:Sumbawan languages.png|thumb|Areas where Sumbawa language is spoken]] [[Maalum:Michango/140.213.127.134|140.213.127.134]] 16:51, 15 Juni 2024 (UTC) Why don't you yourself add it? I see there a editing war... Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:21, 16 Juni 2024 (UTC) :Ha ha ha h aha... Umeona siwe tabu. Dah! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 10:00, 20 Juni 2024 (UTC) == [[Wikipedia:Makala_za_msingi/Sanaa]] == Ndugu [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], Unadhani una muda wa kupitia makala za msingi? Pengine ukatafsiri vichwa vya makala? Nitaangalia namna ya kujaza makala hayo. Lakini nitahakikisha yanakuwemo humu. Unisamehe sana kwa usumbufu. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 09:59, 20 Juni 2024 (UTC) :Ndugu, kazi hiyo ni kubwa sana, ila bahati nzuri tulikwishafanya mimi na marehemu wetu mpenzi Kipala. Tazama: [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo]], [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi 1000 - orodha ya awali iliyopanuliwa]], [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo/Zote 1000]]. Sijui kwa nini wanaoandaa edithatons wanaelekeza wahariri wapya kuandika makala juu ya watu wasiojulikana sana au ni maarufu kwa ushoga wao badala ya kutunga kurasa hizi za msingi... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 23 Juni 2024 (UTC) == Unisamehe kwa kutunza kumbukumbu zako nje ya mfuko wa majadiliano == Ndugu Riccardo, Kama umetambua hivi sasa majadiliano yako yanaonekana kiduchu sana. Nimeyahifadhi katika nyaraka zako kwa vile ni muhimu sana ziwepo. Pia unisamehe kwa kuja nyumbani na kuvunja vitu pasipo-adabu! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 07:43, 23 Juni 2024 (UTC) No problem! Tuko pamoja. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 23 Juni 2024 (UTC) == Pendekezo la kuondoa wakabidhi == Ndugu Riccardo, Kuna pendekezo hapa. Naomba upige kura; https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Pendekezo_la_kuondoa_WAKABIDHI_wasio_hai Amani kwako. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 06:11, 8 Julai 2024 (UTC) == Deleting files == Hello! I can't find the administrators notice board so I write to you because you are the most active admin. All files need a valid license and I noticed that a number of files on [[Maalum:FailiZisizotumika]] does not have a valid license. Some have been nominated for deletion and can be seen in [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]]. Perhaps you can have a look and delete the files? The files in [[:Jamii:NowCommons]] can most likely also be deleted. Also GFDL is not a good license for media files so perhaps you can remove it from [[MediaWiki:Licenses]]? --'''[[Mtumiaji:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MGA73|majadiliano]])''' 17:45, 17 Agosti 2024 (UTC) Please do NOT use page blanking as deletion replacement, but please always DELETE for real. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 13:06, 30 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Ahsante sana bwana Riccardo == '''Kiongozi''', nimefurahishwa sana na marekebisho ya kiufundi uliyoyafanya kwenye makala ya changamoto za Kiswahili. ''Aluta continua.'' Idumu Wikipidia ya Kiswahili''.'' '''[[Mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|Dee Soulza]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|majadiliano]])''' 16:56, 30 Agosti 2024 (UTC) ==Childbirth== Does SW WP not have an article on childbirth?[https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34581#sitelinks-wikipedia]. Not clear why this one was removed?[https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuzaa&action=history] [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 07:08, 4 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :Dear doctor, as you know from the past, the translations you promote have very problems, starting from the titles. We had an article about generation, but not about human childbirth. Now I have transferred your page on kuzaa to a new one about [[kujifungua]], that is human childbirth. No more. We are trying to accept your contributions, though recurrent mistakes, e.g. many links in the text redirecting to English title not existing in Sw Wiki, or missing categories below. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:51, 4 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ::Thank you for being willing to collaborate. I am of course working with volunteers and introducing them to Wikipedia. While they are generally language experts / translators they are not Wikipedia experts. ::We can put all articles translated into [[Jamii:Afya]]/[[Jamii:Madawa]] automatically if that would help. Have added attribution to Kujifungua. ::What do you mean by "many links in the text redirecting to English title". The software should automatically be substituting EN link with SW links and if it is not I can file a bug report. Best [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 13:16, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :::Software is a machine... I found such wrong links in your articles, though I had not time to correct all of them. Peace to you, doctor! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Okay found the link issue... Will see what is happening and what we can do to prevent it going forwards. [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 13:31, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :::::E.G. link to [[affect (psychology)]] in the first text of the now redirected Ugonjwa wa kutotulia kihisia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:34, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ::::::Thank you for all your help. We will continue to work on improving our efforts. Best [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 10:14, 9 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == Padre Giovanni Losi == Carissimo Riccardo, Pace! Come stai? Io abbastanza bene!!! A dine mese avremo un nuovo parroco, don Andrea Legranzini, proveniente da Boffalora d'Adda. Lo aspettiamo felici!!! Ti chiedo, per favore, un piccolo favore, se potessi aprirmi questa piccola pagina in Swahili. Ri invio una bozza: <nowiki>[[Image:Father Giovanni Losi MCCI.jpg|Right|thumb|220px|Giovanni Losi (1865).]] '''Giovanni Losi''' (amezaliwa [[Caselle Landi]], 29 November 1838 – 27 December 1882) ni alikuwa kasisi wa Kiitaliano na mmisionari [[Kanisa Katoliki|Mkatoliki]] nchini [[Italia]]. Alipewa upadre mwaka 1862, mwaka 1872 alikwenda Sudan pamoja na Daniele Comboni, hadi El-Obeid.<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 334</ref> aliandika, pamoja na Padre Bonomi, katekisimu na kamusi ya lugha ya Kinubi.<ref>[https://www.comboni.org/fratelli/106304 In Pace Christi - Giovanni Losi]</ref> Baada ya kifo cha Comboni mnamo 1881, alikua mrithi wake hadi 1882, mwaka wa kifo chake.<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 336</ref> La traduzuione sarebbe: Ordinato sacerdote nel 1862, nel 1872 andò in Sudan con daniele Comboni, a El-Obeid. ha scitto, con padre Bonomi, un catechismo e un dizionario della lingua Nubiana. Alla morte di Comboni, nel 1881, è diventato il suo successore fino al 1882, anno della sua morte. Grzie di tutto quello che fai per me. Buon fine settimana!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 13 Septemba 2024 (UTC) Sarebbe così: [[Image:Father Giovanni Losi MCCI.jpg|Right|thumb|220px|Giovanni Losi (1865).]] '''Giovanni Losi''' ([[Caselle Landi]], [[29 Novemba]] [[1838]] – [[27 Desemba]] [[1882]]) alikuwa [[kasisi]] na [[mmisionari]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kutoka [[Italia]]. Baada ya kupewa [[upadirisho]] [[mwaka]] [[1862]], mwaka [[1872]] pamoja na [[Daniele Comboni]] alikwenda [[Sudan]], hadi [[El-Obeid]].<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 334</ref> Huko aliandika, pamoja na padre Bonomi, [[katekisimu]] na [[kamusi]] ya [[lugha]] ya [[Kinubi]].<ref>[https://www.comboni.org/fratelli/106304 In Pace Christi - Giovanni Losi]</ref> Baada ya [[kifo]] cha Comboni mnamo [[1881]], alikua [[mrithi]] wake hadi 1882, mwaka wa kifo chake.<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 336</ref> </nowiki> ===Tanbihi=== {{Reflist}} ===Viungo vya nje=== * [https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giovanni-losi_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ ''Dizionario biografico degli italiani''] <nowiki>{{Mbegu-Mkristo}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Losi, Giovanni}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1838]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1882]] [[Jamii:watu wa Italia]]</nowiki> '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:04, 13 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == [[Giovanni Losi]] == Grazie di tutto, per il gradissimo aiuto!!! Che padre Losi interceda per tutti noi!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 06:35, 18 Septemba 2024 (UTC) Grazie di tutto, Pace!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 20:40, 19 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ==Wikidata links== Hey Riccardo... The SW Mpox article was linked to the outbreak[https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q112070734&diff=2254757978&oldid=2234414990] rather then the disease itself.[https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q382370&diff=2254758018&oldid=2254610542] Have fixed. [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 17:20, 30 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == Request == Can you please take a look at [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]]? Thanks, '''[[Mtumiaji:TenWhile6|TenWhile6]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:TenWhile6|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 24 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) == Redirect == [[mwandiko]] is nothing but redirect to [[maandishi]]. Missing content exists in [[w:it:jod]] [[w:it:sho (lettera)]] @ [[w:it:Template:Alfabeto_greco_navbox]]. Please import it here, thank you. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-8390|&#126;2024-8390]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-8390|talk]]) 17:32, 3 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :I wonder if you know the meaning of both articles. They are not the same as you claimed. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:01, 4 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::Dear Muddy, thanks. As usual, they don't know our language. All the same, I have changed the redirect to a full article about "handwriting". Peace to both of you. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:21, 4 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :::Ajabu kabisa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 05:53, 10 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::::FYI: both Greek letters are already here in Kiswahili, but need to get missing content from Italian articles into Kiswahili ones. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-25812|&#126;2024-25812]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-25812|talk]]) 14:04, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Malicious foreign patrollers == They tend to mess anonymous users, they are worse than blatant vandals. Example: *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuuawa_kwa_Alvin_Cole&diff=1363270&oldid=1344998 *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuuawa_kwa_Alvin_Cole&diff=1363448&oldid=1363308 [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-12800|&#126;2024-12800]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-12800|talk]]) 14:58, 13 Novemba 2024 (UTC) Example: *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfabeti_ya_Kirumi&diff=933633&oldid=933629 *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfabeti_ya_Kirumi&diff=933628&oldid=933625 PATROLLER twice vandalizes correct IP's correct repair of redirect which requires REDIRECT word to function properly. FYI: ALREADY banned permanently. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-15320|&#126;2024-15320]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-15320|talk]]) 17:15, 18 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Hey Riccardo, I'm seeing that you blocked [[Mtumiaji:Pmlineditor|Pmlineditor]] in response to this message. Pmlineditor is a former steward who has not edited any Wikimedia project in ~3 years, and the linked edits were from 2014. While it doesn't have any practical effect (since Pmlineditor has retired) I'd ask that you unblock their account. Best regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:EPIC|EPIC]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EPIC|majadiliano]])''' 22:33, 20 Novemba 2024 (UTC) [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kujifunza_kwa_mashine&diff=1370974&oldid=1370973 Joke edits] done back and forth, another example of foreigner who even does not know Kiswahili nor content layout itself. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-24650|&#126;2024-24650]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-24650|talk]]) 09:40, 8 Desemba 2024 (UTC) Borhan / Tanbiruzzaman appear to be mutual sock puppets, both are from Bengal Wikipedia and both are doing troubles here. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-24315|&#126;2024-24315]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-24315|talk]]) 14:57, 8 Desemba 2024 (UTC) Enough is Enough! [[Maalum:Michango/HakanIST]] + [[Maalum:Michango/Borhan]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Talman Talman|Talman Talman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Talman Talman|majadiliano]])''' 11:39, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja&diff=1328553&oldid=1327815 This alone] shows what is worth dependence upon not so own hosting infrastructure. It is peak of this foreign intervention scandal, as of 2024 year. We must not bow to this all, never! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-30687|&#126;2024-30687]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-30687|talk]]) 17:58, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) What a utter nonsense! Patroller today again reverts perfectly GOOD edits like this: [[Maalum:Michango/WikiBayer]] while REAL vandalism like this: [[Maalum:Michango/Marcleonard_Galus]] and this [[Maalum:Michango/~2024-31972]] completely escapes their attention. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) '''You''' should undelete them all. [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu?type=delete&user=LR0725 Mass Article Deletion] with impunity by external interventionists is '''UNWANTED''' here. '''You''' improved them all already. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-31475|&#126;2024-31475]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-31475|talk]]) 12:50, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) [[Maalum:Michango/Ternera]] - nonsense edit warring against [[w:en:Wikipedia:Edit_warring#The_three-revert_rule]] despite of correct header edits from us. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 17:06, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) R.R. don't be shy, show this RED ATHEIST place in a row, simply because he administratively harasses INNOCENT USERS: http://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu/1234qwer1234qwer4 Really, he is petty global admin-snitch who on META tells around the clock that those are norse breiviks, or similar ALIKES! 10:38, 22 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Infoboxes == Do you know any Wikipedian who could fix "infobox drug" and "infobox birth control" so those en.wikipedia.org infoboxes also work on sw.wikipedia.org? Thanks. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lucas559|Lucas559]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lucas559|majadiliano]])''' 21:13, 18 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :No, but let you ask [[mtumiaji:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]]. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:24, 19 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Hi [[Mtumiaji:Lucas559|Lucas559]]! I'm always happy to help bring templates to the Swahili Wikipedia, but I have to leave the translations to others at the moment. Let me know if you need help doing the former ''[[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rich Farmbrough|Rich Farmbrough]]'' , <small>22:12, 8 Desemba 2024 (UTC).</small><br /> == Eternal page protections == Even in bigger Wikipedias pages are typically protected for finite time at most. I feel that eternal time is too excessive, and offenders are typically doing disruption for no longer than one year. Can you shorten all these [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=protect&user=Kipala&limit=500 eternal page protections] to at least one year? As for now, all related offenders are long gone, and honest "temporary accounts" are unable to edit at all. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|Jeriba$higanu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|majadiliano]])''' 10:09, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :It's a very long list and needs time to shorten their protection. Very badly, the one who used to eternally protect those pages has died. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:22, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::So at least can you NOW unprotect [[Digamma]] and [[Pai (herufi)]] for now? None of other Greek letters including those protected ones, were ever vandalized at all since years. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|Jeriba$higanu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|majadiliano]])''' 10:24, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == [[w:it:Wikipedia:Verificabilità#Fonti_dubbie]] == Per un'enciclopedia, le fonti dovrebbero essere indiscutibili. '''Un'enciclopedia non è una fonte primaria''': i suoi autori non conducono interviste né compiono ricerche originali. Dunque, qualunque cosa sia inclusa in Wikipedia dovrebbe essere già stata trattata in trascrizioni, ricerche, studi o reportage altrui che abbiano possibilmente goduto di considerazione a livello accademico e/o internazionale. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-25658|&#126;2024-25658]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-25658|talk]]) 08:08, 10 Desemba 2024 (UTC) Io lo so, ma altri no. Grazie per avere eliminato molte fonti dubbie. Pace a te! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:17, 10 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :To avoid resurgence of fake pseudoreference plague recently cleaned in hundreds of articles, can you put inside adminprotected [[template:Karibu]] advice against doing <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> entries containing links to any and all WIKIMEDIA/WIKIPEDIA sites, by declaring there that purely external sources are always needed? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokamamie|Kokamamie]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokamamie|majadiliano]])''' 13:20, 12 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :It is weak English, please change in [[template:Karibu]] relevant statement to: by writing '''them''' themselves. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokamamie|Kokamamie]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokamamie|majadiliano]])''' 08:00, 13 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Page CAN be editprotected even if AFTER deletion == [[Wikipedia:Mkaguzi wa watumiaji]] - vandalism newpage, delete first, protect second. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27968|&#126;2024-27968]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27968|talk]]) 08:38, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Technical errors == [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cristiano_Ronaldo&diff=1376422&oldid=1376415 this diff shows you reinserted TAB] (tabulators), where spaces should normally be. [[Maalum:Michango/~2024-27447]] edited correctly, restoring YOUR version but WITHOUT TAB (tabulators). Can you remove these TAB (tabulators) again? Simple as self-revert in this case. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27442|&#126;2024-27442]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27442|talk]]) 12:26, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Nuova foto nella pagina [[Giovanni Losi]] == Carissimo padre Riccardo, pace!!! Ho aggiunto una foto in questa pagina e ti chiederei, per favore, di controllare se la didascalia è esatta. Volevo dire: ''La strada dedicata a padre Losi, a Caselle Landi''. Grazie mille per il tuo prezioso aiuto. Approfitto per farti tanti auguri di un Santo natale e Buon 2025, tanta Luce del Signore per te. A presto '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 14:03, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) : Grazie mille di tutto, il tuo aiuto è sempre prezioso!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 08:27, 17 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == EXAMPLE: [[talk:Beka Flavour]] == Orphan talk WITHOUT its article - nothing but nonsense, please delete. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27365|&#126;2024-27365]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27365|talk]]) 07:50, 15 Desemba 2024 (UTC) FYI: ON any NORMAL wikipedia talk pages are ALWAYS to be deleted when its page is not existing. Example: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&page=Talk%3ABijoy+Smarani+University+College 04:11, 15 December 2024 Liz talk contribs deleted page Talk:Bijoy Smarani University College (G8: Talk page of a deleted or non-existent page) [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27882|&#126;2024-27882]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27882|talk]]) 09:11, 15 Desemba 2024 (UTC) I see you deleted it already. It was sad it was overlooked too long. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:59, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Yesterday new account flood == I lost whole day correcting '''misedits''' done by them all. Most problematic user is this [[Special:contribs/Marcleonard_Galus]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-30796|&#126;2024-30796]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-30796|talk]]) 09:09, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) "Macleonard Galus" partially includes vandalisms, I clean after him. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 08:48, 23 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :Thank you for your collaboration, @[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]]. We appreciate it. Our problem is the private initiative of starting Editathons without good preparation, so the new users unconsciously do so many vandalisms, causing every time lost of a lot of time. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::Can you force good preparation before EVERY Editathon, so it will not have to be massively corrected like above temporary account and I done collaboratively? '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:34, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :::We sysops discussed about the problem but someone does go on his way! Let you give us suggestions. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:36, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Before any Editathon, organizer should meet you obligatorily, and non-WMF wiki should be used for editing exercises before going to real Wikipedia editing. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:42, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Macleonard Gallus strikes back, he only [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bi._Shakila&diff=1380879&oldid=1380876 repeatedly] does multiapostrophe trashing, he is STUBBORN. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 14:59, 28 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::[[Maalum:Michango/Said_Mohamed_Mgeleka]] Stubborn advertising. '''[[Mtumiaji:FARȢK GADU|FARȢK GADU]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:FARȢK GADU|majadiliano]])''' 17:37, 29 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Mtumiaji VS Majadiliano ya mtumiaji == Position correcte pour <nowiki>{{karibu}}</nowiki> est en "majadiliano ya mtumiaji". Raison: "Vous avez un nouveau message" automatiquement. '''[[Mtumiaji:ErvanElman|ErvanElman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ErvanElman|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) "Karibu" is NOT to be placed on non-talk USER page, because receiver never will get this: "You have a new Talk page message". [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-31611|&#126;2024-31611]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-31611|talk]]) 18:13, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :Merci beaucoup. Thanks. I do know it well. My mystakes only occurred accidentally while correctly welcoming many new users yesterday. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:18, 26 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == U4C Notification == Hello Riccardo Riccioni,<br /> You are named in a recently filed request to the [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]]. Please review the request at [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] You are requested to enter your statement and any other material you wish to submit, so that the U4C can get a better overview of the situation. All writing should be complete, but also as concise as possible. Please ensure that you make all comments in your own section and in the discussion section only. If the U4C makes a decision, this will be binding for you and so your participation is recommended. Please do not reply here, but on the linked case page, or on the associated talk page. If you would like to contact the U4C directly, you will find an e-mail address [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee#How_to_contact_U4C|here]]. Please use the email only if privacy is necessary (e.g. personal information). Best, On behalf of the U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 10:21, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ;(tafsiri otomatiki) :Hujambo Riccardo Riccioni, :Ulitajwa katika ombi lililowasilishwa hivi majuzi kwa Kamati ya Uratibu ya Kanuni za Maadili ya Jumla [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] (U4C). Tafadhali kagua ombi lako kwenye [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] :Unaombwa kuweka taarifa yako na nyenzo nyingine yoyote unayotaka kuwasilisha, ili U4C iweze kuelewa vyema hali hiyo. Maandishi yote yanapaswa kuwa kamili, lakini pia kwa ufupi iwezekanavyo. Hakikisha umechapisha maoni yote katika sehemu yako na sehemu ya majadiliano pekee. Ikiwa U4C itafanya uamuzi, itakulazimu na kwa hivyo tunapendekeza ushiriki. :Tafadhali usijibu hapa, lakini kwenye ukurasa wa kesi uliounganishwa au ukurasa wa mazungumzo unaohusishwa. Ikiwa ungependa kuwasiliana na U4C moja kwa moja, utapata barua pepe hapa. Tafadhali tumia barua pepe tu ikiwa unahitaji faragha (k.m. maelezo ya kibinafsi). :Karibuni sana, :Kwa niaba ya kamati ya U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 10:21, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :As an individual I encourage you to please participate in the next 3-5 days. (Kama mtu binafsi ninakuhimiza tafadhali ushiriki katika siku 3-5 zijazo.) '''[[Mtumiaji:Barkeep49|Barkeep49]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Barkeep49|majadiliano]])''' 01:46, 9 Januari 2025 (UTC) == [[Lugha ya Adamu]] == {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} See explanation: [[Majadiliano:Lugha ya Adamu]]. <blockquote> '''Anna Katharina Emmerick''' in her revelation was informed, that especially three languages of [[Baktria]], [[Zendia]], [[India]] are FIRST EVER descendants of language of [[Adamu]], of course in regard of purity as measure of being LEAST CHANGED from language of [[Adamu]] itself. </blockquote> Please add this to article in Swahili version, I need your effort because I tried to write this sentence in Swahili, and it turned ungramatical. Without this addition, article is still incomplete. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|Mwanajoka]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|majadiliano]])''' 10:10, 1 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} Do him a favor, please. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 15:45, 19 Januari 2025 (UTC) What I put in "blockquote frame" is technically needed to identify language of [[Adamu]] as essentially being RING0 "protoindogermanic" ancestor of RING1 "indoiranic" descendants. It shows that descendant RING2 will be the rest of "indoeuropean" languages, with subsequent "NON-indoeuropean" descendant rings being less and less similar to language of [[Adamu]] itself. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|Mwanajoka]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|majadiliano]])''' 09:07, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Small Wiki Monitoring Team == Thou will REGRET all SYSOP-ONLY page protections when WMF desysop thee: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu?type=protect&user=Riccardo+Riccioni [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-10150|&#126;2025-10150]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-10150|talk]]) 12:12, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Stewards from time to time globally lock local established users like [[Maalum:Michango/Resnick-mike|this one]] out of their accounts for some alleged "long term sexual abuse". It seems that SWAHILI both sysops and users are under siege from WMF. Pure colonialist approach. They still do not dare to do this to local sysops, but they feel that doing this to local users can be done with impunity. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-13588|&#126;2025-13588]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-13588|talk]]) 08:41, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::Do you happen to have any vivid proof to support your notion? [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 12:01, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Support is here if you wish: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=AFRUCA_Africans_Unite_Against_Child_Abuse&diff=1379881&oldid=1366743 AFRUCA] - stewards are very itchy at newbies touching sexual abuse topics. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-14050|&#126;2025-14050]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-14050|talk]]) 12:30, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::I have seen the user made sizable number of edits. I haven't found any problem with the account in question. Let me go to the Steward who locked the guy. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 12:36, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::::Do not forget they believe malicious denunciations against you local sysops, they can as well believe similar fascist calumnies against their victims. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-13839|&#126;2025-13839]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-14050|talk]]) 12:46, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::::"Checkuser Tools" in case of repeatedly overlapping dynamic IPs between totally unrelated users can produce fake results. '''[[Mtumiaji:$ilas duguda|$ilas duguda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:$ilas duguda|majadiliano]])''' 13:02, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::::::Swahili Wikipedia MUST officially opt-out from Small Wiki Monitoring Team surveillance. Too many collateral global bans against recent incoming accounts since end of 2024 year. CHECKUSER method has one fault. If dynamic IP will be again associated with someone unrelated, while once it was associated with vandal, they blindly BELIEVE it. And result is simple. GLOBAL BAN! '''[[Mtumiaji:Hatani Nihongi Katani|Hatani Nihongi Katani]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hatani Nihongi Katani|majadiliano]])''' 21:02, 10 Februari 2025 (UTC) == [[Joseph Leonard Haule]] == Ndugu Riccardo, Naomba ufute ukurasa tajwa hapo juu ili tuweze kuunga interwiki links zake kwa <nowiki>[[Professor Jay]]</nowiki>. Aliyehamisha mwanzo kutoka Prof. kwenda Joseph hakika hajui alitendalo. Pole kwa usumbufu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:22, 3 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Nimeshafuta tayari @[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 17:59, 3 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::Iliyotakiwa kufutwa ni Joseph Leonard Haule. Ile Professor Jay ndiyo halisi kwa sababu ni jina lake kisanii linalofahamika kimataifa. Kuita jina la mwanamuziki kwa jina la kuzaliwa si sawa. Hamisha matini kwa Profesa kisha futa hii ya Joseph. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 20:37, 3 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Shida ni kwamba huyo si msanii tu, bali pia mwanasiasa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:11, 5 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::Ikiwa unapendekeza ibaki ilivyo, basi lisiwe jina zima bali "Joseph Haule" itakuwa rahisi zaidi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 07:22, 5 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Makala za Kongo == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] natumaini wewe ni mzima wa afya, Kuna makala zinzondelea kuandikwa kutoka kongo nadhani ni editathon inayoendelea uko na sijajua bado kiongozi wake ni nani, bado wanaoandika awana uelewa mzuri kuhusu uandishi wa makala je kunajambo linaweza kufanyika? '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 03:18, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Samahani kwa kuingilia mjadala, kama ni Kongo, kwani hawana Wikipedia yao? Ni ndogo sana ukilinganisha na ya Kiswahili. Inakuwaje wanajaza uchafu huku wakiacha ya kwao? '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 07:58, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] nchi nyingi sasa wanashiriki kuandika makala za kiswahili ikiwemo Rwanda, Kenya na wengine wengi. Changamoto ni kutokua na mawasiliano na wausika wa editathon izo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 08:12, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Ndugu@[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]], si kosa kuingilia mjadala, ila @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ameshakujibu: Wikipedia hii si ya Tanzania, bali ya lugha ya Kiswahili ambayo ni ya kimataifa. Hakuna Wikipedia ya Kingwana (yaani ya Kiswahili cha Kongo). Muhimu ni kuwasaidia wachangie vizuri, kwa kuwa kweli tunahitaji Wikipedia yetu itumike zaidi huko kwao. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:43, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::Oh, basi sawa. Nimekuelewa. Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 06:57, 11 Februari 2025 (UTC) == [[:Faili:Mlango wa Kiswahili Makumbusho ya Taifa Dar.jpeg]] == Hello! Can you check if the information on this file page is correct? Perhaps the file should be added to an article? '''[[Mtumiaji:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MGA73|majadiliano]])''' 18:13, 7 Januari 2025 (UTC) :The information is correct, though the photo is by the late Kipala. He uploaded it while teaching me how to upload photos. Now I have used it in the page "[[mlango]]". Thanks and peace to you. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:40, 8 Januari 2025 (UTC) :: Hello. Thank you. So Kipala is the photographer? If so then it should say "Kipala" instead of your name. --'''[[Mtumiaji:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MGA73|majadiliano]])''' 11:24, 8 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Let you change, if you like. Thanks. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:01, 8 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Misunderstandings == Main Space is not Template Space. It does NOT work with {{}} transclusion. [[Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] should be named [[Kigezo:Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] which is adminprotected unlinked redirect and this is useless REDIRECT to be sacrificed by deleting first. Please fix your namespace error by redirect deleting and by page moving. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 20 Januari 2025 (UTC) You are CONSTANTLY tricked by redirects, instead of doing REQUESTED lowering protection at: *https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&page=Kigezo%3AAlfabeti+ya+kigiriki+kamili you did ON YOUR OWN, for ALREADY perfect template state, heightened protection at: *https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&page=Kigezo%3AAlfabeti+ya+Kigiriki+kamili NOTE lowercase "kigiriki" VS uppercase "Kigiriki". '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 11:30, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) My new template exists already crosswiki in 25 languages at least. Thank you for unprotection. At least I finally COPYPASTED content from [[Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] to REDIRECT (lowercase kigiriki) [[kigezo:Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] which is '''NOT''' (uppercase Kigiriki) [[kigezo:Alfabeti ya Kigiriki kamili]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 11:39, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} see [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]] - more than ONE superfluous move-leftovers for greek-related template page+talk is to be erased. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 13:12, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == [[§]] == Just removed old misinformation: [[Disigma]] is SECTION, not letter, see what GREEKS themselves say: http://lexilogia.gr/threads/pilcrow-σύμβολο-της-παραγράφου-παραγραφόσημο.2426/#post-22012 "section, § = ενότητα, τμήμα, εδάφιο (§, δίσιγμα)". '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 16:29, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) See [[w:el:wikt:δίσιγμα]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 16:57, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Country and Behavior == Not to be rude or something which country are you from? Its just a surprise to see a White man with fluent Swahili '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 20:01, 23 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Ana miaka arobaini nchini Tanzania. What do you expect? [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 10:21, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) Riccardo Riccioni = [[Italia]]no. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 10:13, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) @[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]] I didn't ask your opinion whether he is Tanzanian or not. You are so rude to be bureaucrat. I asked him. You think you are like a god and its so embarrassing that you are on your 40's with that attitude, such a bore '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 14:49, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) Gayle, please be avoiding all personal attacks, they are totally disturbing. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 17:56, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :This guy Muddyb told me to go to a "test Wikipedia" if i wanted to play just because i asked him to delete my page, that was rude especially from a bureaucrat. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:46, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :I don't understand why he's attacking so much. Normal conversations, he turns them into hostility or conflict. There's a problem somewhere. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:34, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) Gayle157, you mistake being shy for being rude. Calm down, please. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 18:10, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Shy? And why would i be shy? '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:36, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Those aren't personal attacks, he came at me and I cant just let him slide with it, and i am not talking about this reply, he is at my nerve. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:42, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) "Shyness" vs "Rudeness" was meant not about Gayle157, but about Gayle157's assessment of owner of this talk page. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 18:52, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Kwa nini kupenda ugomvi? Tena kwa kitu kidogo namna hiyo? Mimi ni mzaliwa wa Italia, lakini kwa sasa ni raia wa Tanzania tu, ninapoishi kwa zaidi ya miaka 40. Basi, nawatakia amani, lakini matashi hayo yasiwe chanzo cha mabishano mengine, tafadhali. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:28, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Ni vijana mzee wangu. Sisi tuliokula chumvi nyingi tunatambua tone zao. Hizo tone ni za kitoto mno. Hata hivyo, sipaswi kuleta wimbi la ugomvi katika ukurasa wako. Ninaenda sasa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:36, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Stub and Mbegu == You said Stub is Mbegu in Swahili. If there's no template for Mbegu that should appear at top, then I am going to use Stub. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 08:24, 19 Januari 2025 (UTC) @[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]], we have stub-templates, ex. gr. mbegu-mwanasiasa, mbegu-mtu etc. and we use it at the bottom of the page. Almost all pages in Swahili Wikipedia have it. This is why you don't need to insert yours at the top. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:42, 19 Januari 2025 (UTC) I actually found instead of stub i can use *mbegu* at top instead of using **mbegu-** at the bottom, It doesn't impress me, hope you are okay with that '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 15:07, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Thank you for being a medical contributors! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;" |rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|130px]] |style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" |'''The 2024 Cure Award''' |- | style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" |In 2024 you '''[[mdwiki:WikiProjectMed:WikiProject_Medicine/Stats/Top_medical_editors_2024_(all)|were one of the top medical editors in your language]]'''. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We really appreciate you and the vital work you do! Wiki Project Med Foundation is a [[meta:Wikimedia_thematic_organizations|thematic organization]] whose mission is to improve our health content. '''[[meta:Wiki_Project_Med#People_interested|Consider joining for 2025]]''', there are no associated costs. Additionally one of our primary efforts revolves around translating health content. We invite you to '''[https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/index.php try our new workflow]''' if you have not already. Our dashboard automatically [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php collects statistics] of your efforts and we are working on [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/fixwikirefs.php tools to automatically improve formating]. |} Thanks again :-) -- [[mdwiki:User:Doc_James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 06:23, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Doc James@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Top_Other_Language_Editors_2024&oldid=28172893 --> == Ufutaji wa makala == kwa nini makala niliyochangia ya "[[MGC]]" imefutwa na RICCARDO RICCIONI? [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-15063|&#126;2025-15063]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-15063|talk]]) 05:10, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) :Kwa sababu ni kujitangaza, kinyume na sera ya Wikipedia. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:39, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Violation of Wikipedia policy == The user @[[Mtumiaji:PAULO OBEDI|PAULO OBEDI]] is repeatedly adding requests for financial assistance to articles. This violates the Wikipedia policy on personal financial solicitation and spam. Could an you look into this!, This could be a potential spam [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^Chronist</i>'''</div>]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]]) 06:02, 2 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Futa == <nowiki><span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">}}</span>futa<span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">{{</span></nowiki> || <span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">}}</span>futa<span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">{{</span> ≠ [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Batundi Luanda|Batundi Luanda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Batundi Luanda|majadiliano]])''' 16:49, 2 Februari 2025 (UTC) SUCCESS! UNWANTED pages ceased to show in [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-15564|&#126;2025-15564]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-15564|talk]]) 17:02, 2 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Spam and Sockpuppet == Would you Look at this Account, He created another account and keep requesting for money after you blocked him @[[Mtumiaji:PAULI OBEDO|PAULI OBEDO]] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^Chronist</i>'''</div>]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]]) 10:24, 5 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == COPY PASTE page moves == It is wrong, it does NOT preserve edit history with list of contributors required by GPL, please FIRST delete [[mabadiliko ya tabianchi]] and then move [[Mabadiliko ya Tabianchi]] onto it. '''[[Mtumiaji:Norbilian|Norbilian]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Norbilian|majadiliano]])''' 12:49, 5 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{Imefanyika}} == Fantasies == Not only you, but others, PLEASE tell this GAYLE that it is OK this condemnation of NON-REPRODUCTIVE toying with bodies CONTRARY to INBUILT reproductive organ functions, basically UN-natural, so ANTI-functonal. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-23540|&#126;2025-23540]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-23540|talk]]) 09:48, 19 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Baba Bora == {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} Kwa nini makala niliyochangia ya "[[Jinsi ya Kujitayarisha kuwa Baba Bora]]" imefutwa na Riccardo Riccioni? '''[[Mtumiaji:Byera08|Byera08]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Byera08|majadiliano]])''' 05:46, 11 Februari 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Byera08}} Nilipaswa kuhamisha mada kwenda "Baba". Hata hivyo, mchango wako haukai kiensaiklopedia kwa sababu ni mashauri tu. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 20 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Tungependa kusikia kuhusu uzoefu wako kuhusu Akaunti za Muda == <section begin="body"/> [[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]] '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo Utafiti huu hautachukua zaidi ya dakika 5 kukamilisha.]''' Timu ya Trust & Safety Product hivi karibuni iliunda [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|akaunti za muda]] zinapatikana kwenye miradi ya wiki 12. Kuna mipango ya kupanua hili kwa seti kubwa ya miradi ya wiki katika wiki na miezi ijayo, kisha kufuata mchakato wa kutekeleza kikamilifu baadaye mwaka huu. Ushiriki wako katika utafiti huu utakuwa na manufaa makubwa katika kutusaidia kuelewa jinsi Akaunti za Muda zinavyofanya kazi na kile tunachoweza kuboresha mbele. Sera ya faragha ya utafiti huu inaweza kuonwa [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|kupitia kiungo hiki]]. Kwa kumaliza utafiti huu, unakubali masharti yaliyoainishwa katika sera ya faragha. Asante!<section end="body"/> [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">majadiliano</span>]]) 02:50, 27 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/8&oldid=28315571 --> ==Communication by the U4C== I'm writing to inform you that in the U4C case [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia|Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] the 2 week "investigation phase" is now open. This phase will last around two weeks, during this phase parties and also other editors can still submit further evidence. We warmly suggest to take this opportunity, each statement can serve to clarify the position of each of the parties involved. Many thanks. On behalf of the U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 20:58, 3 Machi 2025 (UTC) (Translation by Google translate) Ninakuandikia kukujulisha kwamba katika kesi ya U4C [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia|Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] ya wiki 2 sasa "awamu ya uchunguzi" imefunguliwa. Awamu hii itachukua takriban wiki mbili, wakati wa vyama vya awamu hii na pia wahariri wengine bado wanaweza kuwasilisha ushahidi zaidi. Tunashauri kwa moyo mkunjufu kuchukua fursa hii, kila taarifa inaweza kutumika kufafanua msimamo wa kila mmoja wa wahusika wanaohusika. Asante sana. Kwa niaba ya U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 20:58, 3 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Apology == Sorry for AUTOMATIC TRANSLATION, please unblock primary account, you made me even REPLYING impossible from my primary account! '''[[Mtumiaji:Jiah Harrison|Jiah Harrison]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jiah Harrison|majadiliano]])''' 10:04, 13 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Broken Redirects == Please delete all pages edited by: [[special:contribs/~2025-33472]] which are nothing but red-link broken redirects, see: [[special:contribs/DreamRimmer]] - he failed to tag them all to deletion. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-35189|&#126;2025-35189]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-35189|talk]]) 16:58, 19 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore in Tanzania 2025 == Ndugu Riccardo, nimetafuta nimempata mchawi wetu wa makala hizo. Ni @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] kama nilivyosema hapo awali. Nimeipata Dashibodi->> https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/courses/Wikimedia_Community_Kilimanjaro/Feminism_and_Folklore_in_Tanzania_2025?enroll=dpgcmlqt kadhalika chanzo cha challenge hii; https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025/Project_Page#Local_Activities/events Kwako Nd. @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]], unaombwa uwajibike kwa matendo yako. Kumekuwa na rundo la makala zisizofaa kwa kutumia challenge hii. Je, ukiwa peke yako utaweza kuboresha matini ya makala elfu mbili? Ama ndiyo bora liende? Tujisahihishe. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 11:53, 23 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Urbanization== What's Urbanization in swahili? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:49, 21 Aprili 2025 (UTC) Ukuaji wa miji. Sijui kama kuna neno lingine. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:50, 21 Aprili 2025 (UTC) == Tanbihi == I think the book sources are the one that should use the word tanbihi, Then Other sources to use '''Marejeo'''. Since ''Tanbihi'' is NB/Footnotes [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 06:08, 1 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, mimi nilifundishwa zamani na Muddy kuandika tanbihi. KKK inasema tanbihi ni maelezo yanayotolewa sehemu ya mwisho au chini ya ukurasa au sura... Labda umshirikishe Muddy. Ila kumbuka mabadiliko hayo yanadai kuhariri upya kurasa karibu 100,000! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:11, 1 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}} naona unabadilisha "tanbihi" kuwa "marejeo". Lakini baadaye unaacha "marejeo" tena kwa maana nyingine. Vipi? Pia umeanza tena kuhamisha kurasa bila mawasiliano yoyote. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:45, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::About Tanbihi i was checking if my Bot can do the task, You can clearly see they aren't manual! :::About Moving page which page did i move wrong? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:02, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::I will fix the Bot code later so that it corrects that. If i moved any page wrongly or you are in doubt let me know, Aisee, I gave a notable Summary. ::::If its about Changing Redirects into articles let me know too, I can explain! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:25, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, nafurahi kwamba umeweza kuandaa Bot yako. Itaweza kutusaidia sana na haraka. Ila unajua kwamba ukienda kasi nje ya njia, unaweza ukapotea kuliko mtu anayekwenda polepole... Hivyo ni kupanga mambo vizuri kabla ya kutumia Bot. Kama lilikuwa jaribio, ni sawa. Kuhusu kuhamisha kurasa, hivi karibuni sijaona makosa kwako, ila mimi nilijizuia kufanya mabadiliko ya namna hiyo kabla sijakubaliana na wahariri wengine. Kwa mfano, ni kweli Iraki ni sahihi kuliko Iraq, nami nilitaka kuhamisha ukurasa huo, lakini suala la majina ya nchi ni kubwa na limeshasababisha magomvi! Ndiyo maana nilipendekeza zaidi ya mara moja tujadiliane sote pamoja, k.mf. Uhindi / India, Uchina / China. Mpaka leo sijafanikiwa kufanya tufikie uamuzi. Hiyo inasumbua hata katika jamii, unapokuta kwa nchi ileile jamii zinazotumia Uhindi na nyingine India. Hata kwa hilo natumaini Bot yako itasaidia kufanya kazi kubwa na kuokoa muda wetu mwingi. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:58, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::::Asante, Ee hiyo boti ilikuwa ya jaribio tu! ::::::Yes, We need a discussion about the Country names ,The Sources of this names, The best name among listed. Like a Project; [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:08, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::The bot can now function, see [[Maalum:Michango/Gayle-Bot]] :::::::If you happen to know any task that requires automated / bot Operation feel free to inform me, :::::::About the country names discussion , So what's your plan about it? Launch a project or? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:16, 3 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::::::Suala la majina ya nchi tulipendekeze kwa Muddyb na wengineo kabla ya kuendelea na mabadiliko. Hata hivyo baadhi hayana ubishi, k.mf. Poland > Polandi au Israel > Israeli. Naomba uanze na nchi hizo. Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:29, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Sijaelewa; [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:06, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Yaani naomba kama Bot inaweza kubadilisha katika makala na jamii zote majina ya Poland na Israel kuwa Polandi na Israeli. '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:22, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Ooh sawa nimeelewa sasa, I'm working on it! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:25, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|+]] {{imefanyika}}, Its done though there are a few Redirects to Israel that haven't been fixed, Also this pages blow require manual deletion by an admin,Which are Old Versions of the new pages. Also there were some minor errors on Flags , Emblem and maps which i can fix manually. {{quote| [[:Jamii:Israel]] [[:Jamii:Lugha za Israel]] [[:Jamii:Jiografia ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Miji ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Mito ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Milima ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Wanafizikia wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Wachezaji wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Wanakemia wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Marais wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Miji ya Poland]] [[:Jamii:Watu wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Lugha za Poland]] [[:Jamii:Waandishi wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Watunzi wa Poland]]}} [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:55, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Refining == Its Incredible how you refine content, I will be adding content and leave it for you to refine. I just love adding content [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 10:48, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Asante kwa pongezi zako. Lakini lengo langu mojawapo ni kuonyesha mfano ili wengine wajifunze. Msiniachie kazi nyingi mno! Hata mimi nina mipango ya kuongeza mada. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:21, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::Ni sawa!, We will do our best [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:46, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::I’m still learning, and I regret how I came across during my first month on Swahili Wikipedia. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:56, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::Don't worry, you are very young. You have time. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:58, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::{{ping|Gayle157}} Hi, many times you don't add content, but you change it, following the English edition. May be it's easier to you, but it's not very respectful to those who used their time to write before you. Sometimes I have to refine new sentences which were refined in their earlier form. Thank you for your attention. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:52, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::First of all i don't use the English wiki edition, ::::::Also most articles have to be updated now and they and don't necessarily need to be in their original form because in most cases they are outdated. ::::::Me changing the article course doesn't make the original author loose his/her credit, ::::::In en wiki articles are modified now and then! ::::::Especially content on lead section , Isn't that what wiki is for? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:59, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::Thank you for your answer. Yes, Wiki is for ongoing work. What I meant is somehow as what Jesus said: "Not to delete, but to fulfill"! Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:05, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::::I didn't get that! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:12, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, nakukumbusha kwamba unapotaka kuongeza taarifa unapaswa kuwa makini usije ukaacha nyingine muhimu zilizokuwepo. Kwa mfano, kuhusu Tundu Lissu uliondoa ile ya kwamba ndiye mwenyekiti wa Chadema. Kuhusu mkoa wa Arusha umeondoa ile ya kwamba unapakana na ile ya Mara na Shinyanga, kumbe umeongeza ule wa Tanga ambao sasa uko mbali. Kuhusu mkoa wa Morogoro umeondoa mikoa ya jirani ya Ruvuma na Lindi. Asante kwa kujali. Aamani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:24, 25 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Oops I'm sorry i guess i checked the Tanzanian map incorrectly, The existing text didn't mention the neighboring regions in a more nuanced way i had to confirm in the map ::::::::::But still those articles need to be modified on lead section, You can confirm that using Mobile view and remember 90% of this Wikipedia views are from mobile ,. ::::::::::The Original state of most articles in this Wikipedia are too unappealing [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:31, 25 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::Since the Articles of Regions of Tanzania have More or close to 500 views per month, And since you are the main Editor and also You are Tanzania please help Improve the Quality of the Lead Section of those articles, They sound too Informal or Low Quality especially on Mobile Devices, Maybe you can make them more '''INFORMATIVE''' . [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 16:15, 26 Mei 2025 (UTC) Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, ni sawa, ila nitafanya baadaye kidogo. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:00, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, nimemaliza kazi uliyoniagiza. Sasa nakuomba ufanye vilevile kwa kaunti za Kenya. Asante na amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:08, 1 Julai 2025 (UTC) ::Asante sana , Nitafanya hivyo! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 10:27, 1 Julai 2025 (UTC) == Peter Born lȣ == {{ping|Riccardo_Riccioni}} PLEASE UNBLOCK ME - I EDITED in good faith! I did nothing wrong, some META denounced me falsely! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-55756|&#126;2025-55756]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-55756|talk]]) 13:02, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It was NOT intended as vandalism, BAN-ana to account is OVER-reaction! '''[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:New Boy999|majadiliano]])''' 13:20, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::There's a Unblock tag! Use it in your talk page <nowiki>{{Unblock|1=}}</nowiki>[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:25, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Block Settings == @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Would you please ease the block Settings of Peter Born lȣ to at least 1 day, Maybe as a warning! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:29, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]], unavyoona huyo hahitaji unblock kwa sababu ameshaanzisha akaunti nyingine ambayo anaitumia sasa kusumbua tena Kisii na Kirinyaga... --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:41, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :R.R. you are CATHOLIC, you should be example of MERCY. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-56159|&#126;2025-56159]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-56159|talk]]) 13:47, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::See [[Talk:GNU Free Documentation License]]. I always tried to have edit histories compliant to their contiguous state. When Gayle creates new content, old content always must be shoved away.'''[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:New Boy999|majadiliano]])''' 13:53, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::Mimi nimekabidhiwa usimamizi wa toleo hili si kama Mkatoliki, bali kama mtu anayetaka liendelee vizuri. Mnatupotezea muda mwingi. Tukiwaacha muendelee mtaharibu kila kitu. Amani kwenu! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:59, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::@[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] Contiguous state lol; I stopped blanking Talk pages long ago!, That's not an excuse!. ::::Why don't you stick to one account, Stop using IPs "often" especially when doing a vandalism act, It will better, [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::I meant continuity in regard to [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157/ukurasa wa majaribio]]. Vandal TEMP ACCOUNTS are "simu" "rununu" tagged, mine are WITHOUT "simu" "rununu". '''[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:New Boy999|majadiliano]])''' 14:13, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::In this context, most IP vandals in recent past don't have mobile tag, ::::::The only thing i can suggest is the reducing the Infinite block expiry settings , [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:17, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::Rununu-Simu vandals exposed. I edited from THIS temp account all pages recently corrected by me after Rununu-Simu vandals. See their edit histories. Rununu-Simu troublemakers are really recent. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-56650|&#126;2025-56650]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-56650|talk]]) 14:44, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Ya/Za == [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|°]]Why 'ya' we are talking about Politic-'''S''' , Most news outlets say "siasa za" [https://www.bbc.com/swahili/habari-57675769][https://kiswahili.tuko.co.ke/tags/siasa-za-kenya/][https://www.voaswahili.com/a/china-yapinga-vikali-udanganyifu-wa-siasa-za-umoja-za-marekani-japan-na-ufilipino-/7567680.html][https://swahili.cgtn.com/2025/04/16/ARTI1744765639929458] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:53, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Temporary Accounts and abuse on your project form a LTA ([[Special:CentralAuth/Wikibaijer|Wikibaijer]], [[Special:CentralAuth/AfricaAntifa|AfricaAntifa]], ... and many Tempory Accounts == Hi, I wanted to ask how you manage with the temporary accounts because I noticed that a Crosswiki LTA is very active here and sometimes has temporary accounts that change every minute. Are you already familiar with this? Can you cope with it? PS: This LTA also uses many proxys that should be blocked.--'''[[Mtumiaji:WikiBayer|WikiBayer]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:WikiBayer|majadiliano]])''' 20:05, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Dear {{ping|WikiBayer}}, no, I cannot cope with it. After the new policy about temporary accounts' privacy I no more understand what is going on. But sometimes they use registered accounts too. I have no more time to follow all their changes and reasons. I fear to block good contributors as vandals, because vandals denounce their changes. Moreover I receive many insults and threats by them and other people who want to do anything they want. It's discouraging. I appreciate very much your help. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:43, 29 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Citation Templates == In new Articles when citing please use the citation templates in Swahili, Example * Cite journal = Rejea jarida * Cite Web = Rejea tovuti * Cite News = Rejea habari Though other articles are on the process of being fixed by Bot. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:28, 5 Juni 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]]Now the thing is when we translate the page from ENWIKI, we do not take any measure to Swahilize those small terminologies since the nature it's leading its path, ie, we got we what we need and they don't bother where it's journal or web. Question, what if it's not translatted, anything wrong may happen? And FYI, Journal it's not JARIDA is SHAJARA in Swahili! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 16:23, 5 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::No, Shajara is more of a diary, Meanwhile a journal which is defined as ''either a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject or profession or a written record.'' and only Jarida is close to that definition [https://sw.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/jarida] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:10, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::@[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]] Based on deep research i did is that most of the articles arr saying Jarida is Journal, But a few gave alternatives using Shajara [https://sw.eferrit.com/journal/] , And even though not notable google translate uses Jarida too [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:22, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::I think i have got the difference * 1. Jarida – used when referring to a magazine, newsletter, or periodical publication. * 2. Shajara – used when referring to a personal journal or diary. So '''''Jarida''''' takes it. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:31, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] Do whatever you deem fits. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 15:31, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::Come on , don't do that! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:56, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) == [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] == Adminprotected article. Still fake '''JINO''' in "Charcot-Marie-Jino" error persists there instead of "Charcot-Marie-Tooth" at reference number twelve. Please correct. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 09:30, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) {{Imefanyika}} "Zamshi" understood his errors. Please unblock [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] to permit him edit it. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 09:19, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Request to unprotect source: Hello. Thank you for unblocking my user. I understand My drafts were not upto standard but please kindly unprotect the article so i can continue my work please. I am a student and this is my first time here. Thank you for all the input and changes.Ill make sure to work better. Please kindly let me edit the source for my work. '''[[Mtumiaji:Zamshi|Zamshi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zamshi|majadiliano]])''' 09:31, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::Give him a chance. He wants [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] unprotected. He promises to NOT do other edits except direct article improvement directly at [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 09:40, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::Hello,I have tried checking the page again but the protected source is now gone.I understand it was my drafts accidentally published with many mistakes i was trying to fix but is there no chance for me to edit it again please.I am not sure how to move forward without ability to edit, kindly help in that regard please. '''[[Mtumiaji:Zamshi|Zamshi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zamshi|majadiliano]])''' 23:55, 18 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::"Zamshi", please tell again Riccardo Riccioni to UNPROTECT this [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]]. In case of his refusal, wait until 24 June 2024, then protection will expire. Then improve article DIRECTLY, abandon making of additional draft copies and abandon pagemoves.'''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 06:45, 19 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::Page will be unprotected after ONE hour from now. "Zamshi" REMEMBER: do NOT move/rename [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] page, do NOT create additional copies of [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] page, directly improve content of [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] page where it is now. Simply abandon "DRAFT" roleplaying completely. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 07:54, 19 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Disparity== I don't understand why all this pages below use '''Iran''' and the article itself says '''Uajemi''', The Modern Country is Iran, The Historical Kingdom and entities is '''Persia'''. Only in Informal terms is the modern country referred to as Persia [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?search=Iran&title=Maalum%3ATafuta&fulltext=search] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 06:28, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) We discussed with Muddyb and We have agreed that '''Persia''' will be for Historical entities before the Islamic revolution and '''Iran''' will be for the modern day country/political entity [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:15, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Muddyb#Disparity]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 07:23, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) == 100,000 pages == Congratulations on your outstanding contribution to the Swahili Wikipedia in helping it reach the 100,000-article milestone. Your dedication has played a key role in this achievement—well done! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:39, 23 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Thanks to you for the congratulations which I cordially reciprocate. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:45, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Msaada wa usahihi wa lugha == Habari ndugu Riccardo, Nina tazamia kufanya utafsiri wa makala inayohusu Ubalozi wa Uingereza nchini Tanzania kutoka lugha ya kingereza kwenda kiswahili Hivyo naomba ukaribu wa kusahihisha pale ninapokosea. Ahsante Amani iwe juu yako '''[[Mtumiaji:Killy95|Killy95]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Killy95|majadiliano]])''' 03:06, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Hakuna wasiwasi, tuko pamoja! Amani kwako pia! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:45, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Ancient Sorcerous Empire == WikiBayer - is NOT guardian angel, it is ANNONRIAL/RAVERNAL pure evil: [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Gayle157#Elephant_in_Porcelain_Shop]] READ debunking of WikiBayer reverts. '''[[Mtumiaji:Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel|Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel|majadiliano]])''' 08:26, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == njia ya kuelewa kwa urahisi teknolojia ya chanzo huria == Nimeona umefuta makala yangu ya "njia ya kuelewa kwa urahisi teknolojia ya chanzo huria" sijajua shida ni nini na ile ni assignmentyangu me ni mwanafunzinimepewa kazi na mwalimu ambayo inabidi nii kusanye tafadhali umefuta makala yangu ya "njia ya kuelewakwa urahisiteknolojia ya chanzo huria" ile ni assignment yangu nimepewa na mwalimu tafadhali me ni mwanafunzi najifunza tafadhali [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-82940|&#126;2025-82940]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-82940|talk]]) 19:24, 28 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Uharabu wa dhahiri == Ndugu Riccardo, Kwa heshima na tahadhima, naomba umfungie mtumiaji huyu analeta ukorofi wa wazi kabisa: [[Maalum:Michango/88 konqvista 88|https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Michango/88_konqvista_88]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 08:48, 8 Julai 2025 (UTC) :Again! :"xX Black Burn Xx" did MAD RVV, in violation of this RULE: :do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves :*https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Souls_of_Black_Folk&diff=1437178&oldid=1437139 :*https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Usafirishaji_haramu_wa_binadamu_nchini_Chad&diff=1437179&oldid=1437138 :He is already RVV-ed thoroughly. '''[[Mtumiaji:Keith David Williams|Keith David Williams]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Keith David Williams|majadiliano]])''' 08:11, 13 Julai 2025 (UTC) :{{imefanyika}} == [[Maalum:Michango/Maryam_Saleh_Abeid]] == Repeated breaching of [[w:en:Wikipedia:Don't cite Wikipedia on Wikipedia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Wflgf|Wflgf]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Wflgf|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 16 Julai 2025 (UTC) {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} ZERO reaction to BLOCK for 3 days, [[w:en:WP:CIRCULAR]] STILL disdained. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-30069-3|&#126;2025-30069-3]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-30069-3|talk]]) 14:19, 30 Julai 2025 (UTC) {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} ZERO reaction to BLOCK for 1 month, [[w:en:WP:CIRCULAR]] STILL disdained. [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sofie_Petersen&diff=1461181&oldid=1461155 REPEATED OFFENSE]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 10:26, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Lupinga Nyinga}} Ndugu, mimi nashindwa kuelewa ujumbe wako. Wengi mna Kiingereza ngumu kwangu! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:30, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Simple and plain: Maryam_Saleh_Abeid repeatedly uses WIKIPEDIA as references, she repeats this violation despite of her being blocked twice already. Its time for her permanent block. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 10:36, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I think @[[Mtumiaji:Maryam Saleh Abeid|Maryam Saleh Abeid]] didn't understand your statement in english thats why, i also think she doesnt need to be blocked permanent. :I will address this concern to her in swahili, thanks '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:43, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) She even does NOT understand this prohibition included in her "karibu" template. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 10:46, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == SCANDAL == Tell him something on HIS talk to stop his mindless revert campaigns, his last edits are purely destructive: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Michango/xXBlackburnXx Same with WikiBayer. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-25621-8|&#126;2025-25621-8]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-25621-8|talk]]) 09:24, 24 Julai 2025 (UTC) :The Temp Account ist a sock from the LTA. [[:m:Special:CentralAuth/Long Term Sexually Abuse]] '''[[Mtumiaji:WikiBayer|WikiBayer]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:WikiBayer|majadiliano]])''' 10:20, 24 Julai 2025 (UTC) What W.B. says about [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-25621-8]] is pure conjecture, self-contradicting, first says with PARTIAL DOUBT "very likely the active polished troll", later calls him some PORN MONGER , i edit from behind Great China Firewall so WTF? [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-25655-4|&#126;2025-25655-4]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-25655-4|talk]]) 10:31, 24 Julai 2025 (UTC) == Taiwanese Revisionists == Foreign censors falsely insist that CHINA means R.O.C. and not P.R.C. contrary to seat of P.R.C. in United Nations Security Council. They vandalize content and block honest users related to P.R.C. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-29877-5|&#126;2025-29877-5]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-29877-5|talk]]) 10:04, 31 Julai 2025 (UTC) == [[Jose Kaimlett]] HGN == Carissimo Riccardo, Pace!!! Come stai? Quì fa molto caldo, ma andiamo avanti!!! Per favore, potresti dare un'occhiata a questa pagina che ho appena creato? Grazie mille per il tuo aiuto. Se hai bisogno per l'Italiano o il Portoghese, ci sono!!! A presto '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 09:24, 1 Agosti 2025 (UTC) : Grazie mille!!! Domani celebriamo i dieci anni della dipartita di mio papà Gianpiero (4 agosto, 85 anni); prenderò il Perdono di Assisi. Un forte abbraccio. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 14:05, 1 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Meno male che anche in Italia c'è ancora chi ci crede! Papà riposi in Cristo! Pace anche a te! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:10, 1 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Devzboi == like [[Majadiliano:Devzboi1]], other [[Majadiliano:Devzboil]] MUST be deleted for real please! First DELETE, second PROTECT! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-32681-1|&#126;2025-32681-1]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-32681-1|talk]]) 11:43, 4 Agosti 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Wito wa kupiga kura kwa ajili ya [[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]] - awe msimamizi wa kusano == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], unaombwa kupiga kura juu ya kumpatia uwezo wa ukabidhi/usimamizi wa kusano katika ukurasa wa [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Msimaizi wa KUSANO - Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]]. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 07:51, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]], sijaelewa kitu kuhusu KUSANO, ila naona utendaji wa Justine una kasoro nyingi bado. Muamue wenyewe. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:56, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Kusano = interface. Ni kama mwonekano wa sura ya Wikipedia. Mfano hizi jumbe za mabadiliko ya karibuni, vungo viungavyo ukurasa huu, michango ya mtumiaji etc. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:21, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-34016-8]] == Dumbo, Pinocchio, Rescuers, etc... {{ping|Muddyb}}, could you add the Hadithi to these pages? Also, what about creating the other Disney movie pages that don't exist yet? Your OWNtalk STILL editprotected. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-34348-8|&#126;2025-34348-8]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-34348-8|talk]]) 10:13, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Sure. Will do. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 14:15, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|Muddyb}} When will these pages be made/edited? The ones that need the plots are: * [[Pinocchio (filamu ya 1940)]] * [[Bambi]] * [[The Rescuers]] * [[Home on the Range (filamu ya 2004)]] * [[The Princess and the Frog]] * [[Zootopia]] * [[Moana]] * [[Encanto]] * [[Toy Story]] * [[Monsters, Inc.]] * [[The Incredibles]] * [[Up (filamu)]] * [[Turning Red]] * [[Spies in Disguise]] See [[Kigezo:Katuni za Disney]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-47359-4|&#126;2025-47359-4]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-47359-4|talk]]) 09:09, 28 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:~2025-47359-4|~2025-47359-4]] May you should contact me direct instead of coming here and ping me from far away. Oh, I know. I hate temp accounts. I did block my page from you though! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:41, 28 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Page Translation Request == hello,sir I am requesting for translation of the article [[Nyanzi Martin Luther.]] into English please,it can either be in simple English Wikipedia or En Wikipedia,sir I kindly request. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-48323-7|&#126;2025-48323-7]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-48323-7|talk]]) 05:08, 29 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Bonaventura wa Barcelona == Caro Riccardo, Grazie mille per aver tradotto l’articolo del [[Bonaventura wa Barcelona|Beato Bonaventura]] in swahili. Sono di Riudoms, la sua città natale, dove abbiamo una grande devozione per il Beato. Sto cercando di ottenere il maggior numero possibile di traduzioni del suo articolo e oggi, dopo aver pubblicato la traduzione in ceco con l’aiuto di un’amica ceca, ho scoperto la vostra traduzione. Grazie infinite. Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jordi G|Jordi G]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jordi G|majadiliano]])''' 19:14, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == Makala ya Shule ya Sekondari ya Ufundi Ifunda == Habari ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], Nimeona umeweka taarifa juu ya makala tajwa kuwa ni kuhusu sehemu isiyojulikana. Bahati mbaya hizi ni shule chache zenye historia kubwa japo hazijulikani. Kuna haja ya kuziangazia kwa kina zaidi. Amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Magotech|MagoTech Tanzania]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Magotech|majadiliano]])''' 20:59, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == [[Aristide Igenukwayo Joviale]] == [[Aristide Igenukwayo Joviale]] = [[ALLI TALESI]] = [[Alli Talesi]] = Kijumla makala haina sifa yoyote ya kuwepo kwenye Wikipedia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Reliwei|Reliwei]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Reliwei|majadiliano]])''' 10:52, 6 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]] == Please delete all that is listed in [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]]. I do NOT make new pages. I mainly correct after temporary account flood. '''[[Mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|AlexBongo98]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|majadiliano]])''' 12:24, 6 Septemba 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Greetings from Germany == Hi Riccardo, do you have a minute or two for me? There is a discussion an my talk page with a member of your local community that insists, that I should stop patrolling for vandalism here. Could you please have a look? '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 09:47, 16 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :Thank you for your greetings. I noted your discussion but I haven't answered because I don't understand many technology issues. Please, excuse me and ask Muddyb. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:52, 16 Septemba 2025 (UTC) ::Thanks for the quick reply! I was a little nervous and worried that global CVUs wouldn't be welcome here. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 09:55, 16 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == In italiano :-) == Buongiorno Riccardo, avevamo previsto che gli argomenti inclusi nella mozione potessero diventare "un campo di battaglia" per gente da fuori e vandali vari con voglia di provocare. Con un po' di pazienza e la collaborazione degli Steward e dei GS ho fiducia che si possa trovare il modo di gestire anche questo. (Intanto mi chiedo quali orrori ho scritto sulle vostre pagine usando il traduttore automatico.) Grazie per la collaborazione e la pazienza anche per gli orrori di traduzione... Rinnovo l'invito a contattarci in caso di domande o per qualsiasi necessità legata alle linee guida che vi abbiamo chiesto di approfondire. Buona giornata! '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:13, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Civvì}}Non parlavo del tuo messaggio, ma della pagina in esame. Un tale ha già provveduto a inserirvi il template da me proposto e l'ho ringraziato. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Riccardo io invece ho proprio la certezza che ogni volta che usiamo il traduttore automatico per scrivervi ne escono dei pasticci magari difficili da decifrare. Abbiate pazienza (e se non è troppo lavoro magari sistemate le cose peggiori, ne saremmo davvero grati!). --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 14:56, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Napendekeza mradi wa lugha ya kiswahili == Habari, nimesoma baadhi ya makala, lakini kwa maoni yangu, kama kungekuwa na mradi wa lugha ya Kiswahili, ingefaa zaidi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Moyojnr|Moyojnr]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Moyojnr|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 7 Novemba 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Moyojnr}} Sijaelewa. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:02, 7 Novemba 2025 (UTC) ::In my opinion, if there was a Swahili language project, it would be more useful. '''[[Mtumiaji:Moyojnr|Moyojnr]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Moyojnr|majadiliano]])''' 14:26, 7 Novemba 2025 (UTC) == [[Carlo Acutis]] == Caro Riccardo, Pace!!! Come stai? Io bene. Ho aggiunto una foto della reliquia di san Carlo Acutis. Ti chiedo la gentilezza di tradurre la didascalia, che ho lasciato in Italiano. Grazie mille per il favore, a presto. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 07:36, 17 Novemba 2025 (UTC) : {{ping|Rei Momo}}Fatto! Prega san Carlo anche per la Tanzania in subbuglio... Pace a tutti! :: Certamente!!! Ho due rosari che mia nipote mi ha portato dalla Tanzania, quando è venuta a fare del volontariato medico dentistico. Clieli hanno dati le suore, ma non ricordo più di quale missione. :: Grazie di tutto '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:53, 17 Novemba 2025 (UTC) == Update request == Hello, Riccardo Riccioni. Can you remame [[Kigezo:Quebecor Inc.]] to [[Kigezo:Québecor]]? The spelling of Quebecor was officially changed to Québecor in May 2012, with the French accented version the sole name of the conglomerate since then. Sources: https://financialpost.com/news/quebec-puts-accent-on-linguistic-correctness https://www.ledevoir.com/economie/349655/les-actionnaires-de-quebecor-votent-pour-l-ajout-d-un-accent Yours sincerely, '''[[Mtumiaji:Kurcke|Kurcke]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kurcke|majadiliano]])''' 21:53, 10 Desemba 2025 (UTC) :Thank you very much. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kurcke|Kurcke]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kurcke|majadiliano]])''' 20:36, 11 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == [[w:de:Benutzer:Knergy/Tansania-Troll]] == Same as [[Maalum:Michango/JasonCarter2004]], now: *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-37592-11]] *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-41344-29]] *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-41170-85]] *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-41607-52]] HOAX articles again. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokobambo|Kokobambo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokobambo|majadiliano]])''' 10:13, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == Makala za tafsiri ya kompyuta == Ninafikiria kuanzia Jumanne wiki ijayo ama siku 2 za Krismasi nipambane zaidi kuhakikisha ninaboresha hata ziwe mbegu makala zote zilizopo katika jamii ya makala zenye mashaka ili kuondoa ile tagi ya makala ya kompyuta. Ni bora nizifanye kuwa mbegu kuliko kuwa na matini mengi yasiyoakisi maana. Unaonaje hapo mzee wangu? @Muddyb [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-41593-39|&#126;2025-41593-39]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-41593-39|talk]]) 13:11, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) :Sawa kabisa! Tupo pamoja! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:15, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Ahsante sana mzee wangu. Maana nimeona kufuata makala 1000+ tutaharibu ile milistoni inayoweka kule katika mabadiliko ya hivi karibuni. Tungepoteza ile trendi yake. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-41584-46|&#126;2025-41584-46]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-41584-46|talk]]) 22:17, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == Answer == Hello, this has to be a misconception. Yesterday I've reverted quite a lot of edits made by LTA Wikinger, who has been haunting me across wikis for some time. I am an editor from pl.wiki with almost 28000 edits, here you can find some more about me: [[:pl:User:Karol739]]. I'll also left the link to the page about Wikinger and his "work": [[:en:Wikipedia:LTA/Wikinger]]. The user is globally locked by WMF, therefore he doesn't have rights to edit on any wiki, so I've reverted everything he did. I don't know Suahili (at all), so if I broke something while doing it, I'm sorry, I can tidy up the mess I've created by mistake, if that's gonna be helpful for your community. Thanks a lot and best regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Karol739|Karol739]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Karol739|majadiliano]])''' 16:09, 19 Desemba 2025 (UTC) You even do not know where this vandal is, your reverts were mistargeted and misapplied, he whom you search looks [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jamii%3ALugha_za_Kenya&diff=1475849&oldid=1475848 like this], even today. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-41724-17|&#126;2025-41724-17]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-41724-17|talk]]) 16:20, 19 Desemba 2025 (UTC) Making reports about himself is also the thing which he does often in pl.wiki, so here we go ;) If you want to know more about his behaviour, you can reach me out in [[:pl:Wikipedia:Discord]] and [[Maalum:BaruapepeyaMtumiaji/Karol739]]. Again, if I broke something, that must've been done by accident and I'm sorry again. Best regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Karol739|Karol739]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Karol739|majadiliano]])''' 16:33, 19 Desemba 2025 (UTC) Hi, could you please protect my user talk page for some time? The LTA that we've been talking before has been haunting me for some time on sw.wiki. Thanks in advance, '''[[Mtumiaji:Karol739|Karol739]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Karol739|majadiliano]])''' 16:07, 29 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == Vandal == AbuseLogs shows normal edits, but for vandals is silent: https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:AbuseLog [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-43584-58]] = LitTerA, block immediately! '''[[Mtumiaji:Jojaruba|Jojaruba]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jojaruba|majadiliano]])''' 08:53, 30 Desemba 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Thou never will stop me == [[Maalum:Michango/Carlin_Kikoyo]] [[Maalum:Michango/Carlin_Oscar_Kikoyo]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Kikoyo Kikoyo|Kikoyo Kikoyo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kikoyo Kikoyo|majadiliano]])''' 10:31, 12 Februari 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Oscar Kikoyo}}, badala ya kunishukuru kwa kuanzisha ukurasa [[Oscar Kikoyo]], je unataka kutunisha misuli dhidi yangu? Mimi natimiza wajibu wangu tu. Sheria ni kwamba kila mtu anaruhusiwa kuwa na akaunti moja tu, na sheria ni msumeno. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:31, 12 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] please recognize, that the person behind that account is just the same person, which spammed nearly your whole talk-page. Please check your recent changes here for every new account and their language. I can assist you here, but you have the ability to identify a machine-translated text by the LTA which abuses your project as his playground. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 13:10, 12 Februari 2026 (UTC) :::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] please check RC. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 10:12, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::::@[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] I don't understand. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:02, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) :::::RC = Recent changes = [[Maalum:MabadalikoyaKaribuni]]. You LTA was vandalizing (including your talk page) with 3 Accounts which needed a block. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 12:04, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) :::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] you may clean up [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]] after your guest was locked with his accounts. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 13:55, 15 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Buona Qvaresima == Carissimo pe Riccardo, pace e bene!!! Io mi sto preparando alla Pasqua, penso di servire la messa dai miei Barnabiti a Lodi, alla chiesa di san Francesco. Presto lucrerò la santa indulgenza. Ti chiedo un piccolo favore: potresti aprire, o magari anche solamente tradurmi, la pagina che segue? Si tratta di una grande donna lodigiana che ha fatto tanto bene a Lodi e alle donne lodigiane. Grazie mille di tutto e buona Quaresima ancora!!! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) ##################### '''Elena Cazzulani''', conosciuta con il diminutivo di '''Ena''', ([[Lodi]], [[20 Desemba]] [[1920]] - [[Vigevano]], [[23 Juni]] [[2008]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] wa [[Italia]]. Il suo salotto letterario è stato un punto di riferimento per tutta la cultura della città di Lodi e della Lombardia per oltre trenta anni. Ha scritto diverse biografie su donne famose della città di Lodi. La sua famiglia ha fondato il ''Collegio Cazzulani''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827175601/http://www.istitutocazzulani.gov.it/sitovecchio/collegio_cazzulani/storia.html |title=C'era una volta il Collegio |publisher=istitutocazzulani.gov.it |accessdate=10 January 2026}}</ref> L'amminstrazione comunale di Lodi le ha dedicato una Via nel 1914. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.comune.lodi.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/IT/IDPagina/5907 |title=Intitolate tre nuove vie in zona Codignola |author=Comune di Lodi |date=24 December 2014 |publisher=comune.lodi.it |accessdate=10 January 2026 |language=Italian}}</ref>; <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ilcittadino.it/stories/cultura/lodi-omaggia-sue-figlie-migliori-o_11080_96/ |title=Lodi omaggia le sue figlie migliori |author=Fabio Ravera |date=15 October 2012 |publisher=ilcittadino.it |accessdate=25 February 2026 |language=Italian}}</ref> = Opere di Elena Cazzulani * 1982: ''Cristina di Belgioioso'', Ed. Lodigraf, Lodi * 1983: ''Il muro sul ponte'', Ed. Lodigraf, Lodi * 1984: ''Giuseppina Strepponi, biografia'', Ed. Lodigraf, Lodi * 1985: en col·laboració amb Gilberto Coletto: ''Francesco de Lemene. Poesia e teatro'', Ed. del Campus, Lodi * 1988: ''Il collegio Cazzulani'', Edizioni Lodigraf, Lodi * 1989: ''Maria Hadfield Cosway. Biografia, diari e scritti della fondatrice del collegio delle [[Institut de la Benaventurada Verge Maria|Dame Inglesi]] in Lodi'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi * 1991: ''Il viale delle ortensie'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi * 1992: ''Carlotta Ferrari da Lodi. Poetessa e musicista'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi * 1993: ''Ritorno al viale delle ortensie'', Ed. L'Immagine, Lodi * 1996: ''Il cielo comincia dal suolo'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi = Bibliografia * <Ercole Ongaro, ''Il Lodigiano nel Novecento: la cultura'', Milano, Franco Angeli, 2006 {{ISBN | 978-88-464-7142-0}} = Marejeo <references /> {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1920]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2008]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Italia]] ######################## :{{ping|Rei Momo}}. Volentieri. Naturalmente la via le è stata dedicata nel 2014, non prima della nascita! Buona Quaresima in pace! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:07, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) :Sììììììììììììì, hai ragione, sono un po' addormentato!!! Ti aiuterò in Francese e Portoghese. Grazie mille ancora. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 11:11, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::Grazie mille per il tuo aiuto!!! Pace!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) == Usahihi wa neno == Habari boss,nimeona umeweka jamii ya Che Zahara,sasa naomba kufahamu usahihi ni upi Wanaharakati wa Singapuri au Wanaharakati wa Singapore?Singapuri ni kiswahili cha Singapore,naomba unielimishe hapo '''[[Mtumiaji:Bycashtz|Bycashtz]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Bycashtz|majadiliano]])''' 18:23, 22 Machi 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Bycashtz}}, kama ulivyosema Singapuri ni Singapore kwa kufuata matamshi yake ilivyo kawaida ya Kiswahili. Lakini shida yetu katika Wikipedia hii ni kwamba tumeshindwa kukubaliana kuhusu majina ya nchi mbalimbali: tufuate tahajia ya Kiingereza iliyozoeleka au matamshi yake au jina lililotoholewa zaidi au...? Hivyo jamii zina utata: nyingine zinatumia Kodivaa, nyingine Cote d'Ivoire, nyingine Ivory Coast... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:41, 24 Machi 2026 (UTC) == NV == [[Maalum:Michango/NATHAN_VERITA$]] = [[Maalum:Michango/Nathan_Veritas]] - destruction impertinente, utilisateur interdit. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-19674-88|&#126;2026-19674-88]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-19674-88|talk]]) 11:23, 30 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Block request == Would you please block @[[User:Gravity Fa11s]] urgently. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:19, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :I have blocked him, but now he go on. I don't know how. What can I do more? Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:20, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Most probably he is using a VPN , Now this will require Meta-Wiki intervention/ Small-Wiki Monitoring Team (SWMT). [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:27, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) Already under GLOBE BAN-ana! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-20430-50|&#126;2026-20430-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-20430-50|talk]]) 07:51, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will be a week in between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:11, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30472482 --> == Bot == Hey! If there's any task you have in mind that requires mass edit and would best be performed by a bot, Please feel free to inform me or if in future you encounter/have that task in mind also don't hesitate to inform me! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 10:11, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Yes, my friend {{ping|Gayle157}}! I need to add more links in all saints'pages (section: Tazama pia). It may be ease to you by substituting everywhere <nowiki>* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]</nowiki>" with "<nowiki>* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]]</nowiki>" The exceptions are only 1 or 2. I'll provide for them afterward. Thank you very much! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:43, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Thanks i'm gonna work on it, But for Clarification when substituting, Should [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] remain, Or should be completely substituted for the new categories. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:02, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::{{ping|Gayle157}} Yes, let you substitute it, because it is included in the larger text. Thanks again! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:04, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::One more thing! You mentioned "I need to add more links in '''all saints'pages"''' , Which pages are this? Are they in a category, Or is the bot going to do a deep search in all pages? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:14, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::{{ping|Gayle157}} We need to substitute everywhere. Of course, all such pages are included in the <nowiki>[[jamii:Watakatifu Wakristo]]</nowiki> but some saints are included in more than one category, e.g. <nowiki>[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Italia]]</nowiki> and also <nowiki>[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]]</nowiki>, <nowiki>[[Jamii:Wafiadini Wakristo]]</nowiki> etc. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:37, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::Okay , Got it , I'm gonna work on it. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:06, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:14, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, kweli suala la majina ya nchi ni muhimu na la muda mrefu. Tuliwahi kulijadili kidogokidogo bila kufikia mwafaka. Pengine tungehitaji kukutana uso kwa uso wengi wetu. Majina mengine yanayopendekezwa na kamusi hayatumiki katika uhalisia wa maisha. Kwa mfano sasa hivi nimemuuliza mfanyakazi kama aliwahi kusikia jina Gine. Jibu lake ni hapana. Nilipomuuliza kuhusu Guinea akajibu ndiyo. Pengine tumezoea zaidi majina ya Kiingereza au ya asili. Kila kesi ni ya pekee. Naomba tushirikishe tena wakabidhi wote, la sivyo tutakuwa na kazi kubwa baadaye kurekebisha makala nyingi. Asante kwa juhudi zako. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:13, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Yes, the central issue still remains: ::'''Who or what should determine the naming of country articles on Swahili Wikipedia?''' ''Should it be the Kamusi, common everyday usage, linguistic scholars, or reliable published sources?'' ::</br> ::Each of these approaches has its own shortcomings. In many cases, Kamusi terms appear too vague and sometimes fail to reflect the native pronunciation or linguistic character of the original names. At the same time, everyday usage has been heavily influenced by English, which has significantly affected the originality and authenticity of Kiswahili naming conventions. ::</br> ::Historically, many modern countries were either unknown to Swahili speakers or did not yet exist in their present form. Because of this, English names were often adopted to fill that linguistic gap. Later, Kamusi attempted to provide Kiswahili alternatives, but some of those adaptations also moved away from both the native pronunciation and natural Kiswahili phonetics. ::</br> ::Personally, I do not believe that either approach is entirely sufficient, especially when it comes to relying solely on common usage. Many names currently in use are borrowed directly from English without proper adaptation to Kiswahili grammar, spelling patterns, or pronunciation. As a result, they often feel linguistically inconsistent and lacking in Kiswahili originality. ::For that reason, I believe every editor should have a voice in these discussions. Decisions of this nature should not depend only on habit or repetition, but also on linguistic consistency, phonetics, reliable sourcing, and community consensus. ::So far, meaningful discussions on this issue have largely stagnated, and little progress has been made toward establishing a clear and consistent standard. ::</br> ::That is why I believe individual effort and active participation from editors are now more important than ever if we truly want to address this matter properly. ::Thanks; [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:56, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}} nimesoma alivyoandika {{ping|Muddyb}} kwamba afadhali tufuate kamusi. Hoja zako zinanivutia zaidi kuliko kufuata kamusi, pia kwa sababu kamusi zinatofautiana. Kwa mfano, [[Kamusi Kuu ya Kiswahili|KKK]] inapendekeza: Gine, Ginebisau na Gineikweta. Shida yetu ni kwamba wengi hawajali sana mambo ya Wikipedia kama hakuna tuzo kutoka Wikimedia... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:35, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) == InternetArchiveBot == Hey! I noticed that some links tagged as dead by [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] are actually still working. For example, this URL in the Senegal article is still live: https://www.bouelmogdad.com/en/history/ . There seem to be several other similar cases as well, so I’d appreciate it if these links could be double-checked before removal. Thanks! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 04:50, 17 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Thank you, {{ping|Gayle157}}, for this information. I think the first thing to do is to inform the bot's responsible. On my side I'll leave all dead links, because deleting them is not a must. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:06, 17 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Unaweza kuwa na haki ya kupiga kura katika uchaguzi wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Nakutumia ujumbe huu kwa kuwa ulipiga kura katika uchaguzi uliopita uliohusu [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|halmashauri ya kuratibu kanuni za mwenendo duniani (U4C)]]. Unaweza kuwa na ushtahiki wa kupiga kura katika uchaguzi wa U4C unao endelea hivi sasa na utatamatika 2 Juni 2026. Unaeza pata maarifa kuhusu wagombeaji na uchaguzi katika [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|ukurasa wa uchaguzi ulio kwenye Meta]] na pia ya fursa kupata kura yako. Ushiriki wako katika uchaguzi huu ni muhimu kwa maana una athiri uwongozi wa jamii za Wikipedia, na muda uliotumia kusoma kuhusu wagombeaji na kupiga kura unathaminiwa. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:35, 20 Mei 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30569740 --> == Kiswahili == Hello. I'm looking for Swahili translation of descriptions of a few items for Wikidata. Would you help? '''[[Mtumiaji:Eurohunter|Eurohunter]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Eurohunter|majadiliano]])''' 18:55, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Yes, {{ping|Eurohunter}} if only a few. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:33, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Visual editor katika miradi ya wiki == Habari ndugu {{PAGENAME}}, Natumai u mzima. Naomba nafasi yako kidogo utupe mkono katika kuboresha mifumo yetu ya kiufundi hapa Swahili Wikipedia. Nimeanzisha ombi kule Phabricator ili watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor (Mhariri Unaoonekana) kwenye kurasa za miradi na kampeni zetu (`Wikipedia:Namespace`), jambo ambalo litatupunguzia sana mzigo wa kutumia Wiki markup ngumu wakati wa kuandaa warsha, mashindano, au majedwali ya miradi. Ili mafundi wa Wikimedia Foundation wawishe mfumo huu, wanahitaji kuona maridhiano na kura za wanajumuia wetu. Tafadhali naomba upitie hapa katika ukurasa wa Jumuiya kutoa kura yako ya Kuunga Mkono au maoni yako: 👉 [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace)|Bofya hapa kushiriki na kupiga kura]] Mchango wako wa sekunde chache utasaidia sana kurahisisha kazi ya waratibu na wahariri wote wa jumuia yetu. Shukrani sana. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:17, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Yahusu rasumu ya makala ya Innocent Manda == Habari ndugu Riccardo, Nimeona umefuta makala ya Innocent Manda leo kwa sababu ya kuonekana kama tangazo binafsi, naelewa na kuheshimu uamuzi huo kwa sababu tunatakiwa kulinda Swahili Wikipedia na kuhakikisha haina matangazo ya biashara. Hata hivyo lengo la makaya yale halikuwa promotion, nimeamua kuchukua maandishi yale na kuyafanyia marekebisho makubwa kwenye uwanja wangu wa majaribio/sandbox environment ili yaweze kufuata miongozo ya kamusi/wikipedia [[Mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar/Uwanja wa majaribio]] Nimeondoa nukuu zote za manono yanayosomeka kama promo na badala yake nikaweka ukweli halisi kuhusu WebYetu, Tuzo na kuweka refersnces na citations. Naomba iotazame na uniambie moja kwa moja kama kuna sehemu bado haijakaa sawa na inatakiwa kubadilishwa nini ili tuweze kuchapisha bila shida yoyote nadala ya kufutwa, asante sana mkuu '''[[Mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar|Mc dangote carsar]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 12 Juni 2026 (UTC) :{{ping|Mc dangote carsar}} Mimi nimeshamaliza kazi yangu. Kama haikuridhishi, naomba umshirikishe sysop mwingine. Tuko wengi. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:51, 13 Juni 2026 (UTC) == EACLC == Mkuu, naomba uipitie hii kama iko sawa ili tuweze kuihamisha Kuanzisha Mtumiaji:East Africa Commercial and Logistics Centre (EACLC) [[Kuanzisha Mtumiaji:East Africa Commercial and Logistics Centre (EACLC)]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar|Mc dangote carsar]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar|majadiliano]])''' 08:27, 20 Juni 2026 (UTC) :Kwa jumla ni sawa, ila jamii. Ukihamisha makala usisahau kuondoa "Kuanzisha Mtumiaji" katika kichwa. Amani kwako. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:39, 20 Juni 2026 (UTC) ::Shukran mkuu, Amani kwako pia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar|Mc dangote carsar]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mc dangote carsar|majadiliano]])''' 08:42, 20 Juni 2026 (UTC) == Un bollente abbraccio italiano == Carissimo Riccardo, Pace!!! Quì, in diocesi di Lodi, siamo come all'Equatore, alle 8,00 del mattino ci sono già 30 gradi. Ti chiedo un piccolo favor: ho aperto [[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo/Sandbox 1|questa Sandobox]]: Pino era un grande personaggio che ci ha lasciato nel 2023, e vorrei farlo conoscere a tutti, mi aiuteresti, per favore? Era giornalista e sidacalista cattolico molto conosciuto. Ti chiedo di dargli un'occiata, la traduzione è dall'Inglese, e se volessi, apri pure la pagina a tuo nome. Grazie mille e un caro saluto, a presto. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 09:40, 29 Juni 2026 (UTC) :Ciao {{ping|Rei Momo}}. Noi siamo al fresco. Le date di nascita e morte non corrispondono proprio... Pace a te! '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:05, 29 Juni 2026 (UTC) :: Fattoooooo, corrette!!! Puoi pubblicarla senza problemi, grazie mille e Pace!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:15, 30 Juni 2026 (UTC) ::: Grazie milleeeee!!! Devo capire su cosa cliccare per "convertirla da Sandox a Pagina", ma credo di riuscirci!!! ::: Grazie ancora di tutto, a preso '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 11:16, 30 Juni 2026 (UTC) == Ombi la kuunga mkono mradi wa makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (WMF Rapid Fund) == Habari ndugu {{PAGENAME}}, Natumai u mzima. Naomba nafasi yako kidogo utupe mkono katika kufanikisha mradi mpya wa maudhui hapa Swahili Wikipedia. Nimeanzisha wazo la mradi kule Jumuiya ili kuomba ruzuku ya Rapid Fund kutoka Wikimedia Foundation (WMF). Lengo ni kuandaa warsha (workshop) na mashindano ya uandishi (Edit-a-thon) yatakayolenga kuziba pengo kubwa la makala za filamu na waigizaji wa Asia (hususan C-Dramas na K-Dramas), mada ambazo zina wasomaji wengi sana Afrika Mashariki lakini hazina maudhui ya kutosha kwa Kiswahili. Ili jopo la ruzuku la WMF lipitishe maombi haya ya fedha, wanahitaji kuona maridhiano (consensus) na kuungwa mkono na wanajumuia wetu wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Tafhdali naomba upitie hapa katika ukurasa wa Jumuiya kutoa kura yako ya Kuunga Mkono au maoni yako: 👉 [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#Wazo la Mradi: Kuongeza Makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (C-Dramas & K-Dramas)|Bofya hapa kushiriki na kuunga mkono]] Mchango wako wa sekunde chache utasaidia sana kuleta rasilimali zitakazokuza jamii yetu na kuongeza wahariri wapya. Shukrani sana. — '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == Ladygoody == Hi Riccardo, I see that you've dealt with this user before on [[User talk:Ladygoody|their talk page]]. I'm concerned that they're mass-creating unattributed unreferenced machine translations from the English Wikipedia, many of which are of articles from the category for [[:en:Category:Tulane University alumni|Tulane University alumni]]. I noticed this because it came to my attention that an article here, [[Tony Jones]], appears to be a translation of an article I just worked on, [[:en:Tony Jones (administrator)]], per Google-translating the Swahili page. I don't speak Swahili so I'll leave this with you, but I don't feel like dignifying the new page with a Wikidata connection to the English one. In case you don't know, [[Special:Nuke/Ladygoody]] will help you delete all their pages at once, in case you want to go down that route, but it will only work for a short time (I believe 30 days, but perhaps 90). '''[[Mtumiaji:Graham87|Graham87]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Graham87|majadiliano]])''' 13:03, 20 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :The edit filter won't let me fix my link above to the category, so let's try this: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Tulane_University_alumni] '''[[Mtumiaji:Graham87|Graham87]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Graham87|majadiliano]])''' 13:07, 20 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Graham87|Graham87]]. Yes, that user has problems. Yesterday too I spoke about it to @[[user:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]]. I also saw that that user produceS many pages about Tulane university alumni. But the pages are not so bad for our little Wiki. Let us insist that he/she insert a few references in each page, instead of delete all of them. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:57, 20 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Funny enough she was trying to school me on a matter that I'm already dived in fully. Ni maajabu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 22 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi]] == Hello! I noticed you recently moved the page Eire to Irelandi (I'm sure you had a reason behind it) and I was just curious about the reasoning behind the change. I had understood Irelandi to be an Anglicised term. I also noticed the use of Eire in other pages, such as [[Kieire]] and [[Bahari ya Eire]], so I was wondering whether the change would also affect those pages. Based on my understanding Eire or Ayalandi is a more suitable; If Native Speakers use Irelandi this should be used as an alternative name in the lead page but not for name page Thanks! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:33, 30 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :Asante kwa umakini wako. Bahati mbaya sysops wetu wengi hawajali suala hilo. Nilijaribu kulijadili mara kadhaa, lakini bure. Basi, mwezi uliopita nilikuwa ninapanga upya jamii za Eire/Ireland nikakuta dabo mbalimbali, k.mf. wachezaji mpira wa Ireland na wachezaji mpira wa Eire. Tutaendelea hivi mpaka lini? Uhindi na India, Uchina na China n.k.? Ukiangalia vizuri kurasa mbalimbali zinazotumia Eire ziliandikwa na mimi. Naona ni jina rahisi kwa Waswahili na ni la lugha asili ya wenyeji wa nchi ile. Hata jina la Kiingereza Ire-Land linatoka huko. Lakini nimegundua kwamba Tanzania hakuna anayeelewa Eire ni kitu gani. Sanasana wengine wanatumia Ueire. Kumbe wengi wanaelewa Irelandi kama wanavyofundishwa shuleni. Wachache wanaozungumza vizuri Kiingereza wanaelewa pia Ayalandi. Muhimu zaidi, nimeangalia kamusi 3 tofauti na zote zinataja nchi hiyo kwanza kama Irelandi, pili kama Ayalandi. Hivyo nimeamua kukubali hali halisi. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:44, 1 Novemba 2026 (UTC) ::Naam, nimekuwa nikizungumzia suala hili mara kadhaa na watu mbalimbali akiwemo wewe na Muddyb kuhusu mada ya matumizi ya majina ya Lugha asilia dhidi ya majina yanayotumika katika Kamusi au tovuti. ::</br> ::Nakumbuka mjadala wetu wa hivi karibuni ambao pia wewe ulishiriki tulikubaliana kutumia majina yanayotokana na Kamusi kama majina ya kurasa kwa madhumuni ya kiencyclopaedia au urasmi huku majina ya Lugha Asilia yakibaki kama majina mbadala katika utangulizi wa makala. ::</br> ::Ikiwa tutaamua kutumia majina yanayotumiwa na wazungumzaji wenyewe wa lugha husika, basi '''tunapaswa kutumia utaratibu huo kwa uthabiti katika makala zetu zote''' badala ya kuutumia katika baadhi ya makala pekee. ::</br> ::Vivyo hivyo, ikiwa tutaamua kufuata majina yaliyo katika Kamusi na vyanzo vingine, tunapaswa kutumia utaratibu huo kwa uthabiti katika makala zetu zote pia. ::</br> ::Kwa hiyo, kwa kuzingatia makubaliano yetu ya mwisho, ikiwa nakumbuka vizuri! ::</br> ::Ikiwa Kamusi inatumia jina '''Irelandi''', basi tutumie jina hilo kwa makala zote husika na kutoa rejeo rasmi la chanzo (si ulazima wa kuweka URL; kunukuu kitabu chenyewe kunatosha). Tunapaswa kufanya vivyo hivyo kwa majina mengine katika mijadala ijayo ili kuepuka kurudia mabishano haya. ::</br> ::Kwa mtazamo wangu ''binafsi'', ningependelea kutumia majina yanayoungwa mkono na vyanzo, vikiwemo Kamusi, kama majina ya kurasa, huku majina mbadala yakiwekwa katika utangulizi wa makala. ::</br> ::Muddyb alitakiwa kupakia majina kutoka katika matoleo mbalimbali ya Kamusi, lakini hatimaye mjadala huo ulisimama . ::</br> ::Hata hivyo, huu ni mtazamo wangu binafsi tu wala si tafsiri ya mwisho ya sera wala msimamo rasmi kuhusu utekelezaji wake. ::</br> ::Aisee, Kwenye tovuti ukitafuta jina lolote la Ireland (Eire, Ayalandi, Irelandi) zitakuleta tu Kwenye makala husika ::Na '''Je, Unaunga upande gani''' [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 17:56, 1 Novemba 2026 (UTC) hqxcitehupjat7ud8mump7vmvukt7f8 0 16085 1612469 1527556 2026-11-01T22:51:14Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Add 1 book for verifiability (20261101sim) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]) 1612469 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Orange juice 1.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Bilauri]] ya sharubati ya machungwa.]] '''Maji ya matunda''' (au '''sharubati''' kwa [[neno]] lenye [[asili]] ya [[Kiarabu]]; pia: '''juisi''' kwa neno la [[mkopo]] kutoka [[Kiingereza]] "juice" ambalo lilitokana na maneno ya [[Kifaransa]] cha Kale "jus, juis, jouis" yaliyomaanisha [[maji]] yanayopatikana kwa kuchemsha [[mimea]] ya [[dawa]].<ref name="etymonline.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=juice|title=Online Etymology Dictionary|publisher=|accessdate=26 January 2017}}</ref>) ni [[kinywaji]] kinachotokana na [[matunda]] ya [[mimea]] na [[mboga]] kinachotengenezwa kwa kusindika matunda ya aina moja au mchanganyiko wa matunda mengi au mboga. Kuna aina nyingi sana za sharubati, sawa na wingi wa matunda yanayolika. Hasa matunda yenye majimaji mengi ndani yake yanafaa kwa kutengeneza maji ya matunda. Watu wengi hupenda kunywa sharubati, kwa mfano ya * [[chungwa]] * [[tofaa]] * [[nyanya]] * [[nanasi]] * [[embe]] * [[karoti]] * [[limau]] * [[zabibu]] * [[nazi (tunda)|nazi]] iliyo na [[utomvu]] tayari ndani yake na mengine mengi. Pamoja na [[utamu]] wake, kinywaji kama hicho kinafaa sana kwa [[afya]], kwa sababu kinaongeza haraka [[vitamini]] muhimu [[mwili|mwilini]]. Kwa mfano, sharubati ya chungwa yenye vitamini C, [[asidi ya foliki]], na [[potasiamu]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Franke |first1 = AA |last2 = Cooney |first2 = RV |last3 = Henning |first3 = SM |last4 = Custer |first4 = LJ |year = 2005 |title = Bioavailability and antioxidant effects of orange juice components in humans |journal = J Agric Food Chem |volume = 53 |issue = 13 |pages = 5170–8 |doi=10.1021/jf050054y |pmid = 15969493 |pmc=2533031}}</ref>. Haya hivyo, unywaji wa kiasi cha juu wa maji ya matunda yaliyoongezwa [[sukari]] kunaweza kusababisha kuongezeka kwa uzito wa mwili <ref>{{cite journal |url=http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/118/5/2066.short |title=Fruit Juice Intake Predicts Increased Adiposity Gain in Children From Low-Income Families: Weight Status-by-Environment Interaction |journal=Pediatrics |volume=118 |issue=5 |pages=2066–2075 |author1=Myles S. Faith |author2=Barbara A. Dennison |author3=Lynn S. Edmunds |author4=Howard H. Stratton |date=2006-07-27|doi=10.1542/peds.2006-1117 |pmid=17079580 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title= Association of key foods and beverages with obesity in Australian schoolchildren |author1=Andrea M Sanigorski |author2=A Colin Bell |author3=Boyd A Swinburn |journal=Public Health Nutrition |volume= 10|issue=2|pages= 152–157 |date=2006-07-04 |doi=10.1017/s1368980007246634|pmid=17261224 }}</ref> ingawa sio tafiti zote zinaonyesha athari hii <ref>{{cite journal |last1 = O'Neil |first1 = CE |last2 = Nicklas |first2 = TA |last3 = Kleinman |first3 = R |date = Mar 2010 |title = Relationship between 100% juice consumption and nutrient intake and weight of adolescents |url =https://archive.org/details/american-journal-of-health-promotion_march-april-2010_24_4/page/231|journal = Am J Health Promot |volume = 24 |issue = 4| pages = 231–7 |doi=10.4278/ajhp.080603-quan-76 |pmid = 20232604 }}</ref>. Maji ya matunda yakitokana na asilimia 100 na matunda, binadamu hupata viwango vya virutubisho vinavyohitajiwa kwa siku.If 100% from fruit, juice can help meet daily intake recommendations for some nutrients.<ref>{{cite web |title=All About the Fruit Group |url=https://www.choosemyplate.gov/fruit |website=Choose MyPlate |accessdate=28 May 2017 |language=en |date=11 February 2015 |archive-date=2017-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170601164843/https://www.choosemyplate.gov/fruit |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kama tunda lina [[asidi]] nyingi kiasi ndani yake [[sukari]] huongezwa, lakini matunda mengine, hasa kama ni mabivu na yameiva penye [[jua]] kali, huwa na sukari ya kutosha ndani yake. Katika nchi nyingi maji ya matunda hutengenezwa [[Kiwanda|kiwandani]] na kuuzwa [[duka|madukani]]. Watu wengi wanajua na wanapenda zaidi kujitengenezea [[nyumba|nyumbani]] kwa kutumia mashine ya kukamua matunda. Nchi inayoongoza kwa kuwa na watu wengi wanaokunywa maji ya matunda ni [[New Zealand]] ikifuatiwa na [[Kolombia]]. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323136.php Faida na hasara za maji ya matunda]. * [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5438379/ Makala ya kitaaluma kuhusu faida za maji ya matunda na mboga]. * [http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20181231-is-juicing-actually-good-for-you Ni kweli maji ya matunda yana faida mwilini?]. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Afya]] [[Jamii:Vinywaji]] 42j85c13qqml398ptqss6qz3nm71xhm 0 22209 1612413 1612317 2026-11-01T14:27:40Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612413 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Settlement |jina_rasmi = Mji wa Runzewe |picha_ya_satelite = |maelezo_ya_picha = |pushpin_map = |pushpin_map_caption = Mahali pa Runzewe katika Tanzania |settlement_type = Mji |subdivision_type = [[Madola|Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Tanzania]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Mikoa ya Tanzania|Mkoa]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Mkoa wa Geita]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Wilaya za Tanzania|Wilaya]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Wilaya ya Bukombe|Bukombe]] |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 215,263 |latd= |latm= |lats= |latNS=S |longd= |longm= |longs= |longEW=E |website = }} '''Runzewe''' ni [[mji]] na eneo maarufu la [[biashara]] na [[Uchimbaji madini|uchimbaji]] wa [[madini]] ya [[dhahabu]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ministry of Minerals {{!}} United Republic of Tanzania|url=https://www.madini.go.tz/|work=Ministry of Minerals|accessdate=2026-10-25|language=en}}</ref> [[Kitovu]] cha mji (CBD) ni [[Uyovu]], [[kata]] ya katikati ya mji inayoongoza kwa [[idadi]] ya watu na shughuli za [[uchumi]] katika [[wilaya ya Bukombe]], [[Tanzania]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=GWF CORE|url=https://www.bukombedc.go.tz/|work=www.bukombedc.go.tz|accessdate=2026-10-25}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=GWF CORE|url=https://www.bukombedc.go.tz/|work=www.bukombedc.go.tz|accessdate=2026-10-25}}</ref> Eneo lake lina ukubwa wa [[Kilomita ya mraba|kilomita za mraba]] 50.61.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=City Population: Check for Humans|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/checkhuman.html?url=%2F|work=www.citypopulation.de|accessdate=2026-10-25}}</ref> Hapo awali Runzewe ilikuwa katika [[Mkoa wa Shinyanga]] lakini kuanzia mwaka [[2012]] ipo [[mkoa wa Geita]], ikiwa [[makao makuu]] ya [[tarafa]] ya [[Siloka]], ikiundwa na kata za Uyovu, kata ya mjini ambayo imegawiwa vitongoji vipya kikiwemo kile cha Majengo, halafu [[Runzewe Magharibi]], [[Runzewe Mashariki]], [[Namonge]] na [[Busonzo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=GWF CORE|url=https://www.bukombedc.go.tz/|work=www.bukombedc.go.tz|accessdate=2026-10-25}}</ref> Kwa mujibu wa [[sensa]] iliyofanyika mwaka [[2022]] tarafa hiyo ilikuwa na [[idadi]] ya watu 215,263. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Census Information Dissemination Platform|url=https://sensa.nbs.go.tz/|work=www.sensa.nbs.go.tz|accessdate=2026-10-25|language=en}}</ref> Kwa mujibu wa sensa iliyofanyika [[mwaka]] wa [[2002]], kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao 36,424 walioishi humo. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tanzania.go.tz/census/census/districts/bukombe.htm|title=Ripoti Kuu ya Hesabu ya Sensa ya Watu na Makazi kwa Mwaka wa 2002|publisher=Serikali ya [[Tanzania]]|language=en|accessdate=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20031217225354/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/census/census/districts/bukombe.htm|archivedate=2003-12-17}}</ref> ==Historia na Utamaduni== Wenyeji wa mji wa Runzewe ni [[Wasumbwa]], [[kabila]] la [[Lugha za Kibantu|Kibantu]] lenye asili na mchanganyiko wa makabila ya [[Wanyamwezi]], [[Wasukuma]] na [[Wahutu]]. Kwa asili jamii ya Wasumbwa ni [[Uwindaji|wawindaji]] na [[Mkulima|wakulima]] wa [[mahindi]] na [[mihogo]] kwa ajili ya [[chakula]]. Pia walifuga [[nyuki]] wa [[asali]] na kulima [[pamba]] kwa ajili ya biashara. [[Ngoma (muziki)|Ngoma]] ya asili ya kabila la Wasumbwa ni [[Mulekule]]. Zamani, kabla ya ujio wa [[Ukoloni|wakoloni]], eneo la Runzewe lilijulikana kama Bunzebe. Wakati huo eneo la Runzewe lilikuwa chini ya Lwassa, ambaye alikuwa mtemi wa kabila la Wasumbwa akitawala maeneo ya [[Kahama]], [[Masumbwe]], [[Ushirombo]] na [[Runzewe]]. Mwaka 1893 [[Wajerumani]] walipoingia na kuweka himaya na makao yao [[Kahama]], Mtemi Lwassa alikutana na upinzani akaamua kukimbilia eneo la [[Upuge]], [[mkoa wa Tabora]], kwa [[hofu]] ya kuuawa na [[Wajerumani]]. Baadaye hao waliamulu Mtemi Lwassa arejeshwe Kahama ndipo alipoamua kuhamia Runzewe katika eneo la Musasa ([[Runzewe Magharibi]]) ambako alifariki na kuzikwa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sumbwa of Tanzania (PGID: PG015046)|url=https://peoplegroups.org/people_groups/pg015046/|work=PeopleGroups.org|accessdate=2026-10-26|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=AFRICA {{!}} 101 Last Tribes -Sumbwa people|url=https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/sumbwa.html|work=www.101lasttribes.com|accessdate=2026-10-26}}</ref> ==Jiografia na usafiri== Mji wa Runzewe upo karibu na [[jiji]] la [[Mwanza]] (230 [[Km]]) pamoja [[manispaa]] ya [[Kahama]] (137 Km) na ya [[Geita]] (107 Km), pia umezungukwa na miji mingine inayokua kwa kasi ikiwemo [[Katoro]] (65 Km), [[Bwanga]] (46 Km), [[Chato]] (100 Km) upande wa Kaskazini, [[Ushirombo]] (45 km) na [[Masumbwe]] (83 Km) upande wa mashariki na [[Nyakanazi]] (45 km) [[Biharamulo]], [[Kakonko]] na [[Ngara]] upande wa Magharibi pamoja na mpaka Tanzania na Rwanda, [[Rusumo]] (156 Km), na mpaka wa Tanzania na [[Burundi]] [[Kabanga]] (186 Km), ni takribani umbali wa (323 Km) kufika jiji la [[Kigali]] [[Rwanda]], (372 Km) kufika jiji la [[Bujumbura]] [[Burundi]], (487 Km) kufika Jiji la [[Goma]] [[Jamhuri ya kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], (576 Km) kufika Jiji la [[Kampala]] [[Uganda]] na (682 Km) kufika jiji la [[Dodoma]] na makao makuu ya nchi na (1160 Km) kufika jiji kuu la biashara [[Dar es Salaam]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=TANROADS Official Website :: Home|url=https://www.tanroads.go.tz/|work=www.tanroads.go.tz|accessdate=2026-10-25}}</ref> Mji huo umechangamka sana kibiashara kwa sababu umepitiwa na [[Barabara Kuu|barabara kuu]] inayoelekea nchi jirani za [[Rwanda]], [[Burundi]], [[Uganda]] na [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], pamoja na barabara kuu inayounganisha [[Mikoa ya Tanzania|mikoa ya]] kanda ya [[Ziwa Viktoria|ziwa]] kama vile [[mkoa wa Mwanza]], [[mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[mkoa wa Kagera]], [[mkoa wa Geita]] na [[bandari]] ya [[Dar es Salaam]] na makao makuu ya nchi, [[Dodoma]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=TANROADS Official Website :: Home|url=https://www.tanroads.go.tz/|work=www.tanroads.go.tz|accessdate=2026-10-25}}</ref> ==Elimu== Mji wa Runzewe una [[shule]] mbalimbali zinazotoa [[elimu ya msingi]] na [[sekondari]] ikiongozwa na shule maarufu ya ''Runzewe High School.''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wizara ya Elimu, Sayansi na Teknolojia {{!}} Ministry of Education, Science and Technology|url=https://www.moe.go.tz/sw|work=www.moe.go.tz|accessdate=2026-10-25}}</ref> ==Afya== Mji wa Runzewe una [[hospitali]] za [[serikali]] na vituo vya afya Uyovu, Namonge na Msonga ambavyo vinatoa huduma ya [[afya]]. Pia una hospitali maarufu ya binafsi ya Kumbukumbu ya Charles Kulwa inayotoa huduma za afya kwa wananchi wa ndani na nje ya wilaya ya Bukombe.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Home{{!}}Ministry of Health|url=https://www.moh.go.tz/|work=www.moh.go.tz|accessdate=2026-10-25}}</ref> ==Uchumi== Mji wa Runzewe ni maarufu kwa shughuli mbalimbali za biashara, pia uchumi wake unakua kwa kasi kutokana na uchimbaji wa madini ya dhahabu, [[kilimo]] na [[ufugaji]]. Pia uchumi wa mji unachochewa na uwepo wa barabara kuu ya kimataifa inayounganisha bandari ya Dar es Salaam na nchi jirani za Rwanda, Burundi, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Uganda, inayopita katikati ya mji [[Uyovu]] CBD. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ministry of Minerals {{!}} United Republic of Tanzania|url=https://www.madini.go.tz/|work=Ministry of Minerals|accessdate=2026-10-25|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=MLF {{!}} Wizara ya Mifugo na Uvuvi - Mwanzo|url=https://www.mifugouvuvi.go.tz/|work=www.mifugouvuvi.go.tz|accessdate=2026-10-25}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{mbegu-jio-geita}} [[Jamii:Wilaya ya Bukombe]] [[jamii:miji ya Tanzania]] jpcy7t79ggza3d6idff2eyy98dsgqs3 0 31055 1612441 1575644 2026-11-01T18:12:28Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Goguryeo monarchs}} '''Mfalme Gwanggaeto Mkuu wa Goguryeo''' (374-413, r. 391-413) alikuwa mtawala wa kumi na tisa wa taifa la [[Goguryeo]], huko mbali kabisa kuelekea maeneo ya kaskazini mwa [[Falme Tatu za Korea]]. == Viungo vya Nje == * {{ko icon}} [http://www.megapass.co.kr/~hsg1000/b60.htm Campaigns of Gwanggaeto The Great]{{Wayback|url=http://www.megapass.co.kr/~hsg1000/b60.htm |date=20090321091451 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20161129023848/http://www.kjclub.com/UploadFile/exc_board_11/2005/08/11/200508112033.jpg Picture of Gwanggaeto The Great] * {{ko icon}} [http://www.history21.org/journal/2003/pychoi.html An Attempt to Reconstruct the King's Southerly Conquest] * {{ko icon}} [http://www.itf-information.com/patterns11.htm] {{Wayback|url=http://www.itf-information.com/patterns11.htm |date=20120426165331 }} == Tazama pia == * [[Historia ya Korea]] * [[Falme Tatu za Korea]] * [[Orodha ya ufalme wa Korea]] {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watawala wa Goguryeo]] pp78hth79yvohehgv4qzpwsp0qnr8dk 0 33903 1612442 1599717 2026-11-01T18:29:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Siasa ya Uganda}} '''[[Uganda]]''' inaendelea kuwa na ugumu katika kuheshimu '''[[haki za binadamu]]''' katika masuala mbalimbali, lakini katika ripoti ya [[mwaka]] [[2012]] kuna nafuu fulani. ==Migogoro katika Kaskazini== Mgogoro wa kaskazini mwa nchi kati ya [[Uganda People's Defence Force]] (UPDF) na [[Lord's Resistance Army]] (LRA) imeharibu uchumi, kupunguza maendeleo ya maeneo yaliyoathirika na umeleta ukiukaji mwingi wa haki za binadamu. Tangu [[Yoweri Museveni]] awe [[rais]] (mwaka 1986), jumla ya Waganda [[milioni]] 2 wameyakimbia makazi yao <ref name="Amnesty International">[http://www.amnesty.org/en/news-and-updates/news/uganda-strikes-deal-lra-trials-20080220 ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/news-and-updates/news/uganda-strikes-deal-lra-trials-20080220 |date=20100513084943 }} An Amnesty International article discusses a 2008 mkataba kati ya serikali na LRA kujaribu viongozi wa LRA kwa uhalifu wao.</ref> na makumi ya maelfu wameuawa. Wastani wa [[watoto]] 20,000 wametekwa nyara na LRA kwa matumizi yao kama [[askari watoto]] na [[watumwa]] tangu mwaka [[1987]]. Ila kuepuka kutekwa nyara, maelfu ya watoto huacha [[vijiji]] vyao kila [[usiku]] na kujificha katika [[misitu]], [[hospitali]], na [[Kanisa|makanisa]]. Katika tukio ovu zaidi katika [[historia]] ya [[vita]], zaidi ya [[raia]] 330 waliuawa na LRA katika [[kambi ya wasio na makazi]] [[Barlonyo]] mwezi Februari [[2004]]. ==Mateso ya mashoga== Mnamo Oktoba 2009, muswada ulifikishwa katika Bunge la Uganda unaoitwa [["Anti-Homosexuality Bill 2009"]] unaotoa wito kwa adhabu kali zaidi kwa [[mashoga]], hadi [[adhabu ya kifo]].<ref name="BBCWS">[http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/news/2009/10/091016_uganda_aggravated_homosexuality_wt_sl.shtml "walawiti uso adhabu ya kifo",] 25 Oktoba 2009</ref> [[Sheria]] hii pia inadai kwamba raia yeyote ambaye anamshuku mtu mwingine kuwa shoga, anahitajika amripoti [[polisi]], la sivyo yeye pia anaweza kupokea [[faini]] au kufungwa [[gereza|gerezani]].<ref name="newvision">[http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/697859 "Uganda ANSER Mpya Anti-Gay Sheria",] {{Wayback|url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/697859 |date=20100105230519 }} 25 Oktoba 2009</ref> Mapendekezo ya muswada huo hata huwakataza makabaila wasikodishe nyumba kwa mashoga wanaojulikana, na hupiga marufuku majadiliano ya umma kuhusu ushoga.<ref name="AFP">[https://web.archive.org/web/20100413121252/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jEEJXoeBrTi17hexzYZqvmPgpPxg "US slams Uganda's new anti-gay muswada",] 25 Oktoba 2009</ref>Muswada huo, kisha kurekebishwa, umepitishwa na rais tarehe [[24 Februari]] [[2014]]. Basi, nchi mbalimbali na [[Benki ya Dunia]] zimeamua kusitisha misaada na mikopo yao kwa Uganda. ==Dhuluma na vikosi vya walinda usalama nchini Uganda== Wakala wa usalama wa Uganda wamekuwa wakihusishwa na mateso ya haramu na ufungo haramu wa washukiwa, pamoja na waasi wa LRA na wateteaji wao. Mbinu za utesaji ni kama kuwafunga washukiwa kwa mbinu ya [['kandoya']] (mikono na miguu hufungwa nyume ya mheshimiwa) kutumia kamba kutoka dari, kali na kumpiga mateke, na kushikisha waya za stima katika sehemu zake nyeti. :''Tarehe 14 Juni [2003] maafisa wa [Violent Crime Unit crack Green] walimkamata Nsangi Murisidi, wenye umri wa miaka 29, juu ya mashtaka kwamba alikuwa amewezesha marafiki kutenda wizi na kwa madai ya umiliki wa bunduki. '' ''Jamaa walijaribu kumtembelea kizuizini bila mafanikio. '' ''Tarehe 18 Juni wakili aliyekuwa akiwakilisha familia alipokea uthibitisho wa kifo chake kizuizini akiwa katika makao makuu ya VCCU huko Kireka, kitongoji cha Kampala. '' ''Cheti cha kifo kilithabitisha sababu ya kifo kuwa upungufu wa maji na damu, kutoka damu katika ubongo na kuchomwa kwenye makalio. '' ''Mwili pia majeraha 14 makuu. '' ''Mnamo Oktoba Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani aliarifu kuwa uchaguzi ulikuwa umeamrishwa, lakini hatimaye hakuna maendeleo yaliyoripotiwa.'' <small>[https://web.archive.org/web/20040627143703/http://web.amnesty.org/report2004/uga-summary-eng Source: Amnesty International, Taarifa ya Mwaka 2004]</small> Vyombo vya serikali vilivyoshtakiwa kwa mateso ni pamoja na UPDF's Chieftancy ya Military Intelligence (CMI), [[Internal Security Organisation]] (ISO), [[Violent Crime Crack Unit]] (VCCU) na mashirika ya dharula kama vile [[Joint Anti-Terrorist Task Force]] (JATF.) Mwezi Oktoba [[Uganda]] katika [[Tume ya Haki za Binadamu]] (UHRC), ambayo hupokea sehemu ndogo ya malalamiko ya ukiukwaji wa haki za binadamu halisi, ilikuta kuwa mateso yaliendelea kuwa mazoezi yaliyoenea miongoni mwa mashirika ya usalama nchini Uganda. ==Uhuru wa kisiasa== Mwezi Aprili 2005, wabunge wawili wa upinzani walikamatwa kwa mashtaka ya kisiasa. [https://web.archive.org/web/20050427090106/http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/HRW/4261707c6d43856f29fa691a32ab4652.htm ] [[Ronald Reagan Okumu]] na [[Michael Nyeko Ocula]] wametoka kutoka [[Forum for Democratic Change]] ,harakati iliyoaminika kuwa tisho kuu kwa uteuzi wa Rais [[Yoweri Museveni]] mwaka 2006. ==Uhuru wa vyombo vya habari== Kama vile katika nchi nyingi za Afrika, vyombo vya serikali vimeendelea kupinga [[uhuru wa vyombo vya habari]] nchini Uganda. Mwishoni mwa mwaka 2002, gazeti la ''[[Monitor]]'' lilikuwa limefungwa kwa muda na jeshi la polisi. Waandishi wa habari kutoka jarida waliendelea kushambuliwa mwaka 2004, wawili ambao waliitwa hadharani kama "washirika wa ugomvi" na msemaji wa UPDF. Mwezi Februari 2004, Mahakama Kuu ilitawala kosa la "uchapishaji wa habari za uongo" kuwa utupu na dhidi ya katiba. [http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGAFR590022004?open&amp;of=ENG-UGA ] {{Wayback|url=http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGAFR590022004?open&of=ENG-UGA |date=20061129091547 }} Habari ya Uganda imepimwa kama 'huru kiasi' na [[Freedom House]] ,shirika linalojitegemea kufuatilia ya uhuru wa habari duniani kote. Katika Press Freedom Survey 2005, Uganda lilipimwa kama nchi ya 13 yenye habari huru kati ya nchi 48 katika [[Afrika]] kusini mwa [[Sahara]] .[https://web.archive.org/web/20050430062615/http://www.freedomhouse.org/research/pressurvey/regionaltables2005.pdf] ==Tanbihi== {{Marejeo}} ==Viungo vya nje== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20081101195954/http://hrw.org/english/docs/2005/01/13/uganda9862.htm Uganda Overview Haki za Binadamu,] [[Human Rights Watch|''Human Rights Watch'']] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20040627143703/http://web.amnesty.org/report2004/uga-summary-eng Uganda - Amnesty International, 2004 Taarifa ya Mwaka] *[http://www.ifex.org/en/content/view/full/44/ uhuru wa kujieleza nchini Uganda: [[IFEX]]] *[http://www.harpers.org/MidnightsChildren.html Watoto wa manane] ushuhuda wa kutekwa nyara watoto *[http://www.irinnews.org/webspecials/northernuganda/default.asp Wakati Sun Sets Sisi Anza kwa Worry] {{Wayback|url=http://www.irinnews.org/webspecials/northernuganda/default.asp |date=20051024082223 }} UN-zilizokusanywa akaunti ya ukatili *[http://www.refugeelawproject.org Mradi wa Sheria ya wakimbizi] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110514133326/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2005-11/22/content_3817704.htm Ugandan wanasheria na mgomo juu uhaini watuhumiwa] 22 Novemba 2005 {{Africa topic|Haki za binadamu nchini}} {{Mada Kuhusu Uganda}} [[Jamii:Uganda]] [[Jamii:Siasa ya Uganda]] [[Jamii:Haki za binadamu]] dzif9vdjvj1hscnccbjcajt02c8nzci 0 34041 1612513 1494653 2026-11-02T07:13:08Z CommonsDelinker 234 Replacing Darfur_map.png with [[File:Darfur_map_(2004).png]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error) · The Sudan map was published by CIA World Factbook in 2004. It 1612513 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Darfur map (2004).png|right|thumb|Majimbo matatu ya Darfur ndani ya Sudan.]] '''Darfur ''' (yaani "Eneo la Wa[[fur]]") ni eneo la magharibi nchini [[Sudan]]. Kati ya miaka [[1640]] na [[1874]] ilikuwa [[usultani]] huru hadi ikavamiwa na [[jeshi]] la [[Misri]] na kufanywa [[jimbo]] la Misri na baadaye, kutokana na [[vita ya Mahdi]], imekuwa sehemu ya Sudan. Leo hii Darfur imegawanywa katika majimbo matatu ya [[shirikisho]]: [[Darfur Magharibi]], [[Darfur Kusini]] na [[Darfur Kaskazini]] ambazo zimepangwa kwa uratibu na Mamlaka ya Mpito wa Mkoa wa Darfur. Kwa sababu ya [[vita katika Darfur]], eneo hili limekuwa katika hali ya [[dharura]] tangu mwaka wa [[2003]]. ==Jiografia== [[File:Sudan Jebel Marra Deriba Lakes edited.jpg|right|thumb|Deriba Kasoko ni saa ya juu kumweka Milima ya Marrah.]] Ukubwa wa Darfur ni kama ule wa [[Ufaransa]]. Sehemu kubwa ya Darfur ni [[nyanda za juu]] [[yabisi]] kuna [[milima ya Marrah]] (Jebel Marra), anuwai ya vilele vya [[volkeno]] vinavyopanda, katikati ya kanda. Miji mikuu katika [[kanda]] hii ni [[Al Fashir]], [[Nyala]], na [[Geneina]]. Kuna hulka kuu nne za jiografia. Eneo zima la Nusu ya mashariki ya Darfur limefunikwa na [[rutuba]] na vilima vya [[mchanga]], unaojulikana kama ''Goz'', na vilima vya mawe ya [[udongo]]. Katika sehemu nyingi Goz haina [[maji]] na inaweza kupatikana tu ambako kuna [[hifadhi ya maji]] au [[visima]] virefu. Wakati ni kavu, Goz inaweza pia kusaidia [[ardhi]] tajiri kwa ajili ya [[malisho]] na [[kilimo]]. [[Kaskazini]] mwa Goz kunajumuisha mchanga wa [[jangwa la Sahara]]. Hulka ya pili ni [[wadi]]s, ambayo huanzia sehemu za maji ambazo hufurika wakati wa [[gharika]] au [[msimu wa mvua]] mara chache tu hadi wadis kubwa ambazo hufurika mara nyingi wakati wa mvua na hutiririka kutoka Darfur sehemu ya magharibi hadi [[Ziwa Chad]]. ''Wadis'' nyingi zina udongo wa aina ya alluvium ambazo ni ngumu kulimwa. Darfur magharibi inaongozwa na hulka ya tatu, [[Lelo mwamba]], mara nyingine kufunikwa na [[safu]] nyembamba ya udongo. Lelo mwamba si nzuri kwa kulima, lakini hutoa [[msitu]] ambao unaweza kuliwa na [[wanyama]]. Hulka ya nne na ya mwisho ni [[Milima ya Marrah]], viziba vya volkeno vilivyotengenezwa na massif, vinavyoinuka juu hadi [[kilele]] cha "crater" ya [[Deriba]] ambamo kuna eneo dogo lenye [[hali ya hewa]] ambayo ni [[joto]], [[mvua]] nyingi na [[chemchemi]] za kudumu za maji. Utafiti umegundua [[ziwa]] kubwa chini ya Darfur. Uwezekano wa amana ya maji umekadiriwa katika ziwa hili, wakati kanda hii ilikuwa na fuktiga zaidi, lingekuwa na kiasi cha [[maili]] 607 ya maji. Huenda ilikauka maelfu ya miaka iliyopita. ==Historia== [[File:Flag of Darfur Liberation Front.svg|thumb|right|Bendera ya waasi wa Darfur Liberation Front.]] Darfur inafikiriwa ilikuwa sehemu ya Proto-Afro-Kiasia Urheimat nyakati za kabla ya historia (miaka 10,000 KK hivi), ingawa kuna [[nadharia]] nyingine zinazoondoa Darfur. Sehemu kubwa ya eneo hili ni [[tambarare]] yenye [[ukame]] na hivyo haitoshi kusaidia [[ustaarabu]] mkubwa na mgumu. Wakati Milima ya Marrah inatoa maji mengi, watu wa [[Daju]] waliumba kifaa cha kwanza kinachojulikana kama ustaarabu wa Darfur ambao una msingi mlimani, ingawa hawakuwacha [[rekodi]] yoyote, ijapokuwa tu [[orodha]] ya [[wafalme]]. Watu wa [[Tunjur]] waliwatoa watu wa Daju katika [[karne ya 14]] wakaanzisha [[Uislamu]]. Ma[[sultani]] wa Tunjur walioana na [[jamii]] ya Fur na sultani M. Solaiman (alitawala tangu mwaka [[1596]] hivi hadi [[1637]] hivi) anafikiriwa kama [[mwanzilishi]] wa [[nasaba ya Keira]]. Darfur ilikuwa nguvu kubwa ya [[Sahel]] chini ya nasaba ya Keira, na hii ilisababisha upanuzi wa mipaka yake hadi mbali mashariki kwa [[mto wa Atbarah]] na kuvutia [[wahamiaji]] kutoka [[Bom]] na [[Bagirmi]]. Katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] nchi iliharibiwa kufuatia migogoro kati ya makundi yaliyopingana, na [[vita]] vya nje na [[Sennar]] na [[Wadai]]. Mwaka wa [[1875]], ufalme dhaifu uliharibiwa na [[utawala]] wa Misri ulioanzishwa mjini [[Khartoum]], kwa kiasi kikubwa kupitia mifumo ya [[mashine]] ya [[Sebehr Rahma]], [[mfanyabiashara]] ambaye alikuwa anashindana na Dar juu ya upatikanaji wa [[watumwa]] na [[pembe za ndovu]] katika sehemu ya [[Bahr el Ghazal]] ya kusini ya Darfur . [[File:Darfur IDPs 1 camp.jpg|thumb|Kambi la Darfur kwa waliokimbia makazi yao kutokana na mgogoro unaoendelea.]] Watu wa Darfur hawakufurahia kuwa chini ya utawala wa misri, lakini iliwabidi kukubali utawala aliyojipea [[Muhammad Ahmad]] kama [[Mahdi]], wakati [[Emir]] yake ya Darfur kutoka kwa [[Waarabu]] wa Kusini mwa Darfur kutoka [[kabila]] la [[Rizeigat]] likiongozwa na [[Sheikh Madibbo]] lilizishinda ma[[jeshi]] ya [[Uingereza]] (ambayo yalikuwa yamehamia Misri mwaka [[1882]]) katika Darfur mwaka wa 1882 likiongozwa na [[Slatin Pasha]]. Wakati halifa wa Ahmad, [[Abdallahi ibn Muhammad]], mwenyewe Mwarabu wa Kusini mwa Darfur kutoka kabila la [[Ta'isha]], alidai makabila ya [[wafugaji]] kutoa [[askari]], makabila kadhaa yaliasi. Kufuatia kuondolewa kwa Abdallahi katika [[Omdurman]] mwaka wa [[1899]] na vikosi vya Uingereza na Misri pamoja, [[serikali]] mpya ya chini ya nchi hizo mbili ilitambua [[Ali Dinar]] kama sultani wa Darfur na kiasi kikubwa kuiacha Dar kwa mambo yake yenyewe isipokuwa kwa [[kodi]] ya kulipwa mara moja kwa mwaka. Wakati wa [[Vita Kuu ya kwanza ya Dunia]] Waingereza, kuwa na [[wasiwasi]] kwamba huenda Usultani ungeanguka chini ya [[ushawishi]] wa [[Dola la Osmani]], walilivamia na kulibadilisha Darfur kuwa sehemu ya [[Sudan ya Uingereza na Misri]] mwaka wa [[1916]]. Chini ya [[utawala wa kikoloni]], [[rasilimali]] za ki[[fedha]] na utawala zilielekezwa kwa makabila ya kati ya Sudan, karibu na Khartoum, kwa [[hasara]] ya mikoa ya mipakani kama vile Darfur. [[Muundo]] huo wa [[maendeleo]] uliokuwa umekunjwa uliendelea kufuatia [[uhuru]] wa kitaifa wa Sudan mwaka wa [[1956]]. [[Suala]] la [[mgogoro]] wa kisiasa lilisababishwa na mbadala wa vita kati ya Sudan, [[Libya]] na [[Chad]]. Ushawishi wa [[itikadi]] ya ukuu wa Kiarabu ulienezwa na [[kiongozi]] wa Libya [[Muammar al-Gaddafi]] na ulianza kutendwa na watu wa Darfur, pamoja na wale waliotambuliwa kama "Waarabu" na "Waafrika". [[Njaa]] katikati ya [[miaka ya 1980]] ilikatiza miundo mingi ya kijamii na kupelekea mapigano ya kwanza muhimu miongoni mwa watu wa Darfur. Kiwango cha chini cha mgogoro kiliendelea kwa miaka 15 iliyofuata, huku serikali ikiwajumuisha na kuwaami [[wanamgambo]] "Waarabu" dhidi ya ma[[adui]] wake. Vita hivyo vilifikia kilele mwaka wa [[2003]] kwa kuanza kwa mgogoro wa Darfur, ambapo [[upinzani]] uliungana na kuunda kundi la waasi. Mgogoro huo ulikuja kujulikana kama mojawapo kati ya ma[[janga]] ya ki[[binadamu]] mabaya zaidi kuonekana duniani. Kukereketwa na kupinga kukereketwa kumesababisha vifo vya watu 300.000, ingawa idadi hii inapingwa na serikali ya Khartum. Zaidi ya watu [[milioni]] 2.5 wamekimbia makazi yao tangu mwanzo wa mgogoro huo. Wakimbizi wengi wamekwenda katika ma[[kambi]] ambapo misaada ya dharura imeunda masharti kwamba, ingawa bado ni ya msingi sana, ni bora kuliko katika vijiji, ambayo haitoi aina yoyoye ya [[ulinzi]] dhidi ya wanamgambo mbalimbali wanaoendesha [[shughuli]] zao katika kanda. ==Serikali== Kanda hii imegawanywa katika majimbo matatu ambayo ni: Darfur Magharibi, Darfur Kusini, Darfur Kaskazini. Ilunda ya Darfur ilianzisha Transitional Darfur Regional Authority (TDRA) kama [[mamlaka]] ya mpito kwa kanda. Ilunda ilisema kwamba [[kura ya maoni]] juu ya uhuru kwa Darfur lazima ufanyike kabla ya mwaka wa [[2011]]. [[Minni Minnawi]] ndiye Mwenyekiti wa sasa wa TDRA. ==Angalia Pia== * [[Wanafunzi wa Aegis]], harakati ya kimsingi ya wanafunzi ya kimataifa ya kuzuia mauaji * [[Amana ya Aegis]] * [[Maeneo ya Sudan]] * [[Historia ya Uislamu]] * [[Yosefina Bakhita]] ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} ==Marejeo== * [http://www.savedarfur.org/ Taarifa kuhusu mgogoro wa Darfur] {{Wayback|url=http://www.savedarfur.org/ |date=20090903114943 }} ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://www.eyesondarfur.org Eyes on Darfur] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eyesondarfur.org/ |date=20080610104922 }} (by [[Amnesty International]]) {{coord|13|00|N|25|00|E|region:SD_type:adm1st_source:GNS-enwiki|display=title}} [[Jamii:Sudan]] cg1nhvsn22g1eo7d1ftdtsyogbqo8gi 0 36057 1612503 1243696 2026-11-02T05:45:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox kampu | jina = Kampuni ya Magazeti ya Southern | jina la kampuni = Kampuni ya Magazeti ya Southern | picha = | ilianzishwa = 11 Aprili 1842 | mwanzilishi = B. Carmage Walls | huduma = Uchapishaji | makaomakuu = [[Houston]], [[Texas]] | bidhaa = *. Magazeti ya kila siku<br />*. Magazeti ya kila wiki | aina = | mmiliki = | nchi = {{Flag icon|USA}} [[Marekani]] | ilikwisha = | tovuti = http://www.sninews.com/ }} '''''Kampuni ya Magazeti ya Southern''''' ni kampuni ya uchapishaji ya kuendesha kampuni zingine ambayo ina makao yake makuu katika eneo la [[Houston]], [[Texas]]. Kampuni hii ilianzishwa ,hapo awali, kama Kampuni ya Magazeti ya Southern, ya [[Tennessee]] katika mwaka wa 1967 na mwanzilishi B. Carmage Walls. Gazeti lake maarufu kabisa ni ''Galveston County Daily News'', lililoanzishwa 11 Aprili ,1842, na hujulikana kama gazeti kongwe kabisa katika eneo la [[Texas]]. == Machapisho == Kampuni inamiliki machapisho kadhaa katika eneo la Pwani ya Ghuba ya [[Marekani]]. == Machapisho ya hivi sasa == * ''Bay City Tribune''[http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fbaycitytribune.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNFgdp4kcdKU9TTmGVz3s8S9ow77ng] (1845) [2], [[Bay City]], [[Texas]] * ''Baytown Sun''[http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fbaytownsun.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNEsoghzRUvpQSU85WgkZSCo4OY3wg] (1949) [3], Baytown, Texas * ''Brazosport Facts'' [http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fthefacts.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNEYSHdLOKkdM-_EPAsUsR25QejPQg](1913) [4], [[Kata]] la [[Brazoria]], Texas * ''The Daily Sentinel''[http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailysentinel.com%2F&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNFttjQnKSxRzsFHxA-fSh4NvA9Riw] (1899) [5], [[Nacogdoches]], Texas * ''Del Rio News-Herald''[http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fdelrionewsherald.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNGw8mlvY1etrK0rRdaIFMGvzfEhQQ] (1929) [6], [[Del Rio]], Texas * ''Fort Payne Times-Journal''[http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Ftimes-journal.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNHwCGqf32pcVvqiLcgCPVoCjARCpw] [7], [[Fort Payne]],[[Alabama]] * ''The Galveston County Daily News''[http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fgalvestondailynews.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNGcXkNsqbLvt7BdYSa-l4kDFyoApg] (1842) [8], [[Galveston]], Texas * ''Kerrville Daily Times'' (1908) [http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fdailytimes.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNGD9Qsewe3mAKXhvuVeiI3j_tQmag], [[Kerrville]], Texas * ''Lufkin Daily News'' (1906) [http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lufkindailynews.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNGRbQXHshaqdb5pB3yWqvIvVhRJyQ], [[Lufkin, Texas]] * ''News Braunfels Herald-Zeitung'' (1852) [http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fherald-zeitung.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNFg551qu-iTI7GFhlzPJUdhNdyybw], [[New Braunfels, Texas]] * ''Paris News'' (1869) [http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Ftheparisnews.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNF1P-ZFkbc4XwiHn3cM23nBLpjwJw], [[Paris, Texas]] * ''Sand Mountain Reporter'' [http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fsandmountainreporter.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNHodMS6An6J2-C5MF5ZJritqwji-w], [[Albertville]], [[Alabama]] * ''Scottsboro Daily Sentinel'' [http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fthedailysentinel.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNFv9FgyMiinsMTx5jWhyxkJh3xcZQ], [[Scottsboro, Alabama]] * ''Seguin Gazette-Enterprise'' (1888) [http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fseguingazette.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNEuSGAC9jyngpzwvFyV4Z7t2g6-cQ], [[Seguin, Texas]] * ''Walton Tribune'' [http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fwaltontribune.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNE4GkLv77PyQRWQ-6zRpI61JpIYKQ], [[Monroe, Georgia]] * ''Weekly Post'' [http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Ftheweeklypost.com&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNE9TmuTUxPASPCYl7zolHCkfF1DfQ], [[Rainsville, Alabama]] == Machapisho yaliyoacha kuchapishwa == * ''Angleton Times'' (1893-2004) - ilifyonzwa na ''Brazosport Facts'' [18] * ''Texas City Sun'' (1912-2004) - ilifyonzwa na ''Galveston County Daily News'' == Viungo vya nje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100130233939/http://www.sninews.com/ Magazeti ya Southern] == Marejeo == # [http://galvestondailynews.com/history .lasso Historia ya ''Galveston News''] # [http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=2004_3748308 Houston Chronicle] {{Wayback|url=http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=2004_3748308 |date=20121001045439 }} # [http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=2004_3810265 Houston Chronicle] {{Wayback|url=http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=2004_3810265 |date=20110521192224 }} # [http://www.galvestondailynews.com/story.lasso?ewcd=64e899815cf5ae74 Galveston County Daily News: Lufkin, Nacogdoches newspapers wajiunga na familia ya SNI] {{SNI Newspapers}} [[Jamii:Kampuni za Marekani]] [[Jamii:Houston, Texas]] fc8a9bt7rrgdiwev4d73vfbmk5wcjw5 0 36136 1612454 1607927 2026-11-01T20:53:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612454 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Tafsiri kompyuta}} Katika masoko ya [[fedha]], hisa ni sehemu ya akaunti kwa vifaa mbalimbali vya fedha ikiwa ni pamoja na hifadhi (ya upendeleo au kawaida), na uwekezaji katika ushirikiano mdogo, na REIT. Hulka ya kawaida ya yote haya ni usawa wa ushiriki (kwa kiasi kidogo katika hisa ya upendeleo). Jina hifadhi katika wingi huwa na maana sawa na jina hisa. Shinikizo za wanahitria kuwa jina hifadhi litumike tu wakati linaashiria hisa za zaidi ya kampuni moja ni nadra kusikika hivi leo. == Wanahisa na Migao == Mapato yanayopokewa kutoka kwa hisa huitwa mgao, na mtu anayemiliki hisa huitwa mwenyehisa. Hii kwa kawaida huwa katika biashara za kiwango cha kati na biashara kubwa lakini si lazima katika biashara ndogo ambazo zinajaribu. == Utathmini == Hisa huthaminiwa kulingana na kanuni mbalimbali katika masoko mbalimbali, lakini nguzo ya msingi ni kuwa hisa ina thamani ya bei ambayo ina uwezekano kutumiwa hisa hizi zingeuzwa. Urahisi wa kuvunjwa kwa soko ni kipengele muhimu katika kutathmini uwezekano wa uuzaji wa hisa katika wakati wowote ule. Uuzaji halisi wa hisa kati ya mnunuzi na muuzaji kwa kawaida hukadiriwa kutoa kiashiria bora cha soko juu ya 'thamani halisi' ya hisa katika wakati huo. == Ushuru juu ya mgao wa hisa == Jinsi ushuru hutozwa juu ya migao ya hisa hutofautiana kati ya maeneo.Kwa mfano, nchini India, migao haitozwi ushuru ikiwa katika mikono ya mwenyehisa, lakini kampuni inayotoa migao hii hulipa ushuru wa usambazaji migao wa asilimia 12.5. Pia kuna dhana ya mgao unaotarajiwa, ambao hutozwa ushuru. Sheria za ushuru katika India hujumuisha uwezo wa kukomesha ugawaji wa migao. Nchini Kenya, ushuru wa kukatalia migao inayofaa kulipwa kwa wenyeji ilikuwa asilimia 5, iliyopungua kutoka asilimia 7.5. Soma zaidi: Taxation - Kenya - export, power [http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Kenya-TAXATION.html#ixzz0e2YQ8cee] == Vyeti vya Hisa == [[Picha:Stora Kopparberg 1288.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Hisa inyoshirikisha 1 / 8 Stora Kopparberg mgodi wa shaba kutoka 1288.]] Kitambo wawekezaji walipewa vyeti vya hisa kama ushahidi wa umiliki wa hisa zao lakini si lazima siku hizi. Badala yake, umiliki unaweza kurekodiwa kielektroniki katika mfumo kama vile CREST == Tazama pia == * [[Ushirikiano wa pamoja]] == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} * [http://www.guardian.co.uk/money/2001/jul/18/shares.investinginshares1] * [http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Kenya-TAXATION.html#ixzz0e2YQ8cee] == Viungo vya nje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190129043022/https://www.moneyam.com/ MoneyAM.com - Chanzo cha jedwali za bei za hisa na habari za kurejelewa juu ya uwekezaji katika Uingereza, bidhaa na bei za FX na.] * [http://www.kenyashares.com/ Kenya Shares] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kenyashares.com/ |date=20100420052656 }} * [[:en:Stock|Stock]] [[Jamii:Uchumi]] [[Jamii:Soko la hisa]] 4n0u32wobz858z5wfaap1eklz8ldch0 0 55352 1612465 1609156 2026-11-01T22:32:48Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Add 1 book for verifiability (20261101sim) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]) 1612465 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ugonjwa wa Alzheimer''' (pia hujulikana kama '''Alzeima''' au '''Alzeima''' tu) ni [[ugonjwa]] unaosababisha kuzorota kwa seli za [[neva]]/[[nyuroni]] na huendelea polepole, na ndio chanzo cha kawaida zaidi cha shida ya akili. Huonyeshwa na kupungua taratibu kwa [[kumbukumbu]], uwezo wa kufikiri, tabia, na uwezo wa kufanya shughuli za kila siku.<ref name="WHO_Alzheimers">{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia |title=Dementia |website=who.int |publisher=World Health Organization |date=Machi 15, 2023 |access-date=Agosti 12, 2026 }}</ref> Huathiri hasa watu wazee, ingawa aina ya ugonjwa unaoanza mapema inaweza kutokea katika umri mdogo.<ref name="NIA_Alzheimers_Fact_Sheet">{{cite web |url=https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-causes-and-risk-factors/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet |title=Alzheimer's Disease Fact Sheet |website=nia.nih.gov |publisher=National Institute on Aging |date=Aprili 5, 2023 |access-date=Agosti 12, 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ugonjwa huu unahusishwa na mrundikano usio wa kawaida wa mabonge ya protini ya ''amyloid-beta'' na mafundo ya protini ya ''tau'' katika [[ubongo]], pamoja na kupotea kwa seli za neva/nyuroni na miunganisho yake kadiri ugonjwa unavyoendelea.<ref name="NIH_Alzheimers_Basics">{{cite web |url=https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-causes-and-risk-factors/what-happens-brain-alzheimers-disease |title=What Happens to the Brain in Alzheimer's Disease? |website=nia.nih.gov |publisher=National Institute on Aging |date=Januari 19, 2021 |access-date=Agosti 12, 2026 |archive-date=2026-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260803045534/https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-causes-and-risk-factors/what-happens-brain-alzheimers-disease |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kadiri hali inavyoendelea, uharibifu wa uwezo wa kiakili na wa kufanya shughuli za kila siku huwa mkubwa zaidi, na kufanya ugonjwa wa Alzeima kuwa sababu kuu ya ulemavu na utegemezi miongoni mwa watu wazee duniani kote.<ref name="WHO_Alzheimers"/> Huo [[ugonjwa]] usiotibika, wa kusawijika na unaoua, ulielezewa kwa mara ya kwanza na [[mtaalamu]] wa [[magonjwa ya akili]] na ya [[mfumo wa neva]] [[Alois Alzheimer]] katika [[mwaka]] wa [[1906]] ukapewa [[jina]] lake. Kwa jumla, huwa unatambuliwa kwa watu walio na [[umri]] wa zaidi ya miaka 65,<ref>{{cite journal |author=Brookmeyer R, Gray S, Kawas C |title=Projections of Alzheimer's disease in the United States and the public health impact of delaying disease onset |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-public-health_1998-09_88_9/page/1337 |journal=Am J Public Health |volume=88 |issue=9 |pages=1337–42 |year=1998 |month=Septemba |pmid=9736873 |pmc=1509089 |doi=10.2105/AJPH.88.9.1337 }}</ref> ingawa kuna Alzeima ya nadra inayoanza mapema. Katika mwaka wa 2006, kulikuwa na wagonjwa [[milioni]] 26.6 kote [[duniani]]. Alzeima inakadiriwa itakuwa inaathiri mtu 1 kati ya watu 85 kote duniani kufikia mwaka wa 2050.<ref name="Brookmeyer2007"/> Ingawa [[chanzo]] cha ugonjwa wa Alzeima ni tofauti kwa kila mtu, kuna [[dalili]] kadhaa za kawaida.<ref name="alzheimers.org"> {{cite web | title=What is Alzheimer's disease? | url=http://www.alzheimers.org.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?documentID=100 | publisher=Alzheimers.org.uk | year=2007 | month=Agosti | accessdate=2008-02-21 }}</ref> Dalili za mwanzo zinazoonekana mara nyingi hudhaniwa kimakosa kuwa matatizo 'yanayotokana na umri', au kuonyesha kuwa mtu anafadhaika.<ref name="pmid17222085">{{cite journal |author=Waldemar G, Dubois B, Emre M, ''et al.'' |title=Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of Alzheimer's disease and other disorders associated with dementia: EFNS guideline |journal=Eur J Neurol |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=e1–26 |year=2007 |month=Januari |pmid=17222085 |doi=10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01605.x }}</ref> Katika hatua za mwanzo, dalili za kawaida zinazotambuliwa ni kukosa uwezo wa kupata kumbukumbu mpya, kama vile wa kukumbuka mambo yaliyofanyika hivi karibuni. Wakati Alzeima inakisiwa, utambuzi kwa kawaida huwa unathibitishwa na tathmini ya tabia na vipimo vya utambuzi wa mambo, mara nyingi zikifuatiwa na skani ya ubongo kama inapatikana.<ref name="alzres">{{cite web | title=Alzheimer's diagnosis of AD | url=http://www.alzheimers-research.org.uk/info/diagnosis/ | publisher=Alzheimer's Research Trust | accessdate=2008-02-29 | archivedate=2007-10-22 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022154220/http://alzheimers-research.org.uk/info/diagnosis/ }}</ref> Ugonjwa unapoendelea, dalili huwa ni pamoja na kuchanganyikiwa, kukerwa na uchokozi, mabadiliko ya hali ya moyo, kutatizika kwa lugha, kupoteza kumbukumbu ya muda mrefu, na mgonjwa kujitenga sana kadiri hisia zake zinavyoendelea kupungua.<ref name="pmid17222085"/><ref name="pmid17823840"> {{cite journal |author=Tabert MH, Liu X, Doty RL, Serby M, Zamora D, Pelton GH, Marder K, Albers MW, Stern Y, Devanand DP |title=A 10-item smell identification scale related to risk for Alzheimer's disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-neurology_2005-07_58_1/page/155 |journal=Ann. Neurol. |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=155–160 |year=2005 |pmid=15984022 |doi=10.1002/ana.20533 }}</ref> Hatua kwa hatua, kazi za [[mwili]] hupotea, na hatimaye kusababisha [[kifo]].<ref name="nihstages">{{cite web | title=Understanding stages and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease | url=http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/Publications/stages.htm | publisher=National Institute on Aging | date=2007-10-26 | accessdate=2008-02-21 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516213955/http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/Publications/stages.htm | archivedate=2008-05-16 }}</ref> Ni vigumu kubashiri hatima ya mgonjwa binafsi kwa vile muda wa ugonjwa unatofautiana. Alzeima hukua kwa kipindi kisichojulikana kabla ya kudhihirika kabisa, na inaweza kukua bila ya kutambuliwa kwa miaka mingi. Muda wa kuishi baada ya utambuzi ni takriban miaka saba.<ref name="pmid3776457">{{cite journal |author=Mölsä PK, Marttila RJ, Rinne UK |title=Survival and cause of death in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia |url=https://archive.org/details/acta-neurologica-scandinavica_1986-08_74_2/page/103 |journal=Acta Neurol Scand |volume=74 |issue=2 |pages=103–7 |year=1986 |month=Agosti |pmid=3776457 |accessdate=2008-08-04 |doi=10.1111/j.1600-0404.1986.tb04634.x }}</ref> Chini ya asilimia tatu ya wagonjwa huishi kwa zaidi ya miaka kumi na nne baada ya utambuzi.<ref name="pmid7793228">{{cite journal |author=Mölsä PK, Marttila RJ, Rinne UK |title=Long-term survival and predictors of mortality in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia |journal=ActaNeurol Scand |volume=91 |issue=3 |pages=159–64 |year=1995 |month=Machi |pmid=7793228 }}</ref> Chanzo na kukua kwa Alzeima huwa havieleweki vizuri. Utafiti unaonyesha kuwa ugonjwa huu unahusiana na tando na mifungamano kwenye ubongo.<ref name="pmid15184601"/> Kwa sasa matibabu yanayotumika hupunguza dalili za ugonjwa lakini hakuna matibabu ya kuchelewesha au kusimamisha kuendelea kwa ugonjwa huu. Hadi mwaka wa 2012, zaidi ya majaribio 1000 ya kliniki yamefanywa kwa ajili ya kutambua tiba ya Alzeima, lakini haijulikani kama mojawapo ya mikakati iliyofanyiwa majaribio ya kusitisha ugonjwa huu itaonyesha matokeo yenye matumaini.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=alzheimer |title= Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Trials |accessdate= 2008-08-18 |publisher= US National Institutes of Health }}</ref> Baadhi ya mienendo ya maisha ambayo haihusu upasuaji, imetajwa kwa ajili ya kuzuia ugonjwa wa Alzeima, lakini kuna ukosefu wa ushahidi wa kutosha wa uhusiano kati ya mapendekezo hayo na kupungua kwa kusawijika. Kusisimua akili, mazoezi, na lishe bora yanapendekezwa, kama njia za kujikinga na njia ya busara ya kudhibiti ugonjwa huo. <ref name="prevention1">{{cite web | title=Can Alzheimer's disease be prevented | url=http://www.nia.nih.gov/NR/rdonlyres/63B5A29C-F943-4DB7-91B4-0296772973F3/0/CanADbePrevented.pdf | format=pdf | publisher=National Institute on Aging | accessdate=2008-02-29 | date=2006-08-29 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061002125551/http://www.nia.nih.gov/NR/rdonlyres/63B5A29C-F943-4DB7-91B4-0296772973F3/0/CanADbePrevented.pdf | archivedate=2006-10-02 }}</ref> Kwa sababu Alzeima haiwezi kutibiwa na husababisha kusawijika, utunzaji wa wagonjwa ni muhimu. Wajibu mkuu wa mlezi mara nyingi kuchukuliwa na mke au jamaa wa karibu.<ref name="metlife.com">{{cite web | title= The MetLife study of Alzheimer's disease: The caregiving experience | month= Agosti | year= 2006 |archivedate=2008-06-25 | archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080625071754/http://www.metlife.com/WPSAssets/14050063731156260663V1FAlzheimerCaregivingExperience.pdf | publisher=MetLife Mature Market Institute | format=PDF | accessdate=2008-02-12 }}</ref> Ugonjwa wa Alzeima unajulikana kwa kuwatwika walezi wa wagonjwa mzigo mkubwa na mashinikizo yanaweza kuwa ya aina nyingi, yakiwemo ya kijamii, ya kisaikolojia, ya kimwili, na ya kiuchumi katika maisha ya mlezi huyo.<ref name="pmid17662119">{{cite journal |author=Thompson CA, Spilsbury K, Hall J, Birks Y, Barnes C, Adamson J |title=Systematic review of information and support interventions for caregivers of people with dementia |journal=BMC Geriatr |volume=7 |page=18 |year=2007 |pmid=17662119 |pmc=1951962 |doi=10.1186/1471-2318-7-18 }}</ref><ref name="pmid10489656">{{cite journal |author=Schneider J, Murray J, Banerjee S, Mann A |title=EUROCARE: a cross-national study of co-resident spouse carers for people with Alzheimer's disease: I—Factors associated with carer burden |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-geriatric-psychiatry_1999-08_14_8/page/651 |journal=International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |volume=14 |issue=8 |pages=651–661 |year=1999 |month=Agosti |pmid=10489656 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(199908)14:8<651::AID-GPS992>3.0.CO;2-B |accessdate=2008-07-04 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Murray J, Schneider J, Banerjee S, Mann A |title=EUROCARE: a cross-national study of co-resident spouse carers for people with Alzheimer's disease: II—A qualitative analysis of the experience of caregiving |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-geriatric-psychiatry_1999-08_14_8/page/662 |journal=International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |volume=14 |issue=8 |pages=662–667 |year=1999 |month=Agosti |pmid=10489657 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(199908)14:8<662::AID-GPS993>3.0.CO;2-4 }}</ref> Katika nchi zilizoendelea, Alzeima ni mojawapo ya magonjwa yenye gharama kubwa sana kwa jamii.<ref name="pmid15685097">{{cite journal |author=Bonin-Guillaume S, Zekry D, Giacobini E, Gold G, Michel JP |title=Impact économique de la démence (English: The economical impact of dementia) |language=French |journal=Presse Med |issn=0755-4982 |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=35–41 |year=2005 |month=Januari |pmid=15685097 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9543467">{{cite journal |author=Meek PD, McKeithan K, Schumock GT |title=Economic considerations in Alzheimer's disease |journal=Pharmacotherapy |volume=18 |issue=2 Pt 2 |pages=68–73; discussion 79–82 |year=1998 |pmid=9543467 }}</ref> == Sifa == Mkondo wa ugonjwa umegawanywa katika hatua nne, na mwelekeo wa kuendelea kuharibika kwa utambuzi na utendaji wa mambo. === Kabla ya Dementia === Dalili za kwanza mara nyingi uhusishwa kimakosa kama zinazotokana na kuzeeka au fadhaa.<ref name="pmid17222085"/> Upimwaji wa kina wa kinyurosaikolojia unaweza kufichua matatizo madogo madogo ya utambuzi wa mambo hadi miaka minane kabla ya mtu kutimiza vigezo vya kliniki kwa ajili ya utambuzi wa Alzeima.<ref name="pmid15324363">{{cite journal |author=Bäckman L, Jones S, Berger AK, Laukka EJ, Small BJ |title=Multiple cognitive deficits during the transition to Alzheimer's disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-internal-medicine_2004-09_256_3/page/195 |journal=J Intern Med |volume=256 |issue=3 |pages=195–204 |year=2004 |month=Sep |pmid=15324363 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2796.2004.01386.x }}</ref> Dalili hizi za mapema zinaweza kuathiri shughuli tata zaidi za maisha ya kila siku.<ref>{{cite journal |author= Nygård L |title=Instrumental activities of daily living: a stepping-stone towards Alzheimer's disease diagnosis in subjects with mild cognitive impairment? |journal=Acta Neurol Scand |volume=Suppl |issue=179 |pages=42–6 |year=2003 |month= |pmid=12603250 |doi= 10.1034/j.1600-0404.107.s179.8.x }}</ref> Upungufu unaoonekana kwa urahisi sana ni kupoteza kwa kumbukumbu ya mambo, ambayo hujitokeza kama ugumu wa kukumbuka mambo msingi yaliyosomwa hivi karibuni na kukosa uwezo wa kupata habari mpya.<ref name="pmid15324363"/><ref name="pmid12603249">{{cite journal |author=Arnáiz E, Almkvist O |title=Neuropsychological features of mild cognitive impairment and preclinical Alzheimer's disease |journal=Acta Neurol. Scand., Suppl. |volume=179 |pages=34–41 |year=2003 |pmid=12603249 |doi=10.1034/j.1600-0404.107.s179.7.x |accessdate=2008-06-12 }}</ref> Matatizo ya utambuzi na utendaji rasmi waumakinifu, [[Mipango|kupanga]], uwezo wa kubadilika kwa urahisi kutoka na mageuzi ya mambo, na kuwaza kidhahania, au kuharibika kwa kumbukumbu ya kisemantiki (kumbukumbu ya maana, na uhusiano wa dhana), yanaweza pia kuwa ni dalili ya hatua za kwanza za Alzeima.<ref name="pmid15324363"/> Kutojali kunaweza kuonekana katika hatua hii, na inaenaendelea kuwa dalili sugu yakinyurosaikologia katika mwenendo wa ugonjwa huu.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Landes AM, Sperry SD, Strauss ME, Geldmacher DS |title=Apathy in Alzheimer's disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-american-geriatrics-society_2001-12_49_12/page/1700 |journal=J Am Geriatr Soc |volume=49 |issue=12 |pages=1700–7 |year=2001 |month=Dec |pmid=11844006 |doi=10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49282.x }}</ref> Hatua ya kabla ya kutambuliwa ya ugonjwa pia hujulikana kama uharibifu mdogo wa utambuzi wa mambo,<ref name="pmid12603249"/>lakini kama jina hili linalingana na hatua tofauti ya utambuzi au linatambua hatua ya kwanza ya Alzeima ni suala lenye mgogoro.<ref name="pmid17279076"> {{cite journal |author=Petersen RC |title=The current status of mild cognitive impairment—what do we tell our patients? |journal=Nat Clin Pract Neurol |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=60–1 |year=2007 |month=Februari |pmid=17279076 |doi=10.1038/ncpneuro0402 }}</ref> === Kuanza kwa Dementia === Kwa watu walio na Alzeima ongezeko la kuharibika kwa uwezo wa kujifunza na kumbukumbu hatimaye hupelekea kufanywa kwa utambuzi dhihiri. Katika sehemu ndogo ya watu hawa, matatizo ya lugha, utendaji wa mambo, utambuzi (agnosia), au utekelezaji wa majukumu (apraksia) ni dhahiri zaidi kuliko matatizo ya kumbukumbu.<ref name="pmid10653284"> {{cite journal |author=Förstl H, Kurz A |title=Clinical features of Alzheimer's disease |journal=European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience |volume=249 |issue=6 |pages=288–290 |year=1999 |pmid=10653284 |doi=10.1007/s004060050101 }}</ref> Alzeima haiathiri uwezo wote wa kumbukumbu kwa njia usawa. Kumbukumbu za kitambo za maisha ya mtu (kumbukumbu za matukio), mambo ya kujifunza (kumbukumbu za kisemantiki), na kumbukumbu isiyojitokeza wazi (kumbukumbu ya mwili kuhusu jinsi ya kufanya mambo, kama vile kutumia uma kula) huwa zinathirika na kiasi kidogo kuliko mambo mapya au kumbukumbu.<ref name="pmid1300219"> {{cite journal |author=Carlesimo GA, Oscar-Berman M |title=Memory deficits in Alzheimer's patients: a comprehensive review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neuropsychology-review_1992-06_3_2/page/n2 |journal=Neuropsychol Rev |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=119–69 |year=1992 |month=Juni |pmid=1300219 |doi=10.1007/BF01108841 }}</ref><ref name="pmid8821346"> {{cite journal |author=Jelicic M, Bonebakker AE, Bonke B |title=Implicit memory performance of patients with Alzheimer's disease: a brief review |journal=International Psychogeriatrics |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=385–392 |year=1995 |pmid=8821346 | doi = 10.1017/S1041610295002134 }}</ref> Matatizo ya lugha hasa huwa na sifa ya kupungua kwa msamiati na ufasaha wa maneno, husababisha kuharibika kwa jumla kwa lugha simulizi lugha ya kuandikwa.<ref name="pmid10653284"/><ref name="pmid1856925">{{cite journal |author=Taler V, Phillips NA |title=Language performance in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: a comparative review |journal= J Clin Exp Neuropsychol |volume=30 |issue=5 |pages=501–56 |year=2008 |month=Jul |pmid=1856925 |doi=10.1080/13803390701550128 }}</ref> Katika hatua hii, mtu aliye na Alzeima kwa kawaida huwa na uwezo wa kutosha wa kuwasilisha mawazo ya msingi.<ref name="pmid10653284"/><ref name="pmid1856925"/><ref name="pmid7967534">{{cite journal |author=Frank EM |title=Effect of Alzheimer's disease on communication function |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-south-carolina-medical-association_1994-09_90_9/page/417 |journal=J S C Med Assoc |volume=90 |issue=9 |pages=417–23 |year=1994 |month=Septemba |pmid=7967534 }}</ref> Wakati anapotekeleza majukumu ya misuli kama vile kuandika, kuchora au kuvaa nguo, baadhi ya matatizo ya kudhibiti mwendo na kuratibu (apraksia) zinaweza kuwepo lakini kwa kawaida hazitambuliwi.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Ugonjwa unavyoendelea, watu wenye Alzeima mara nyingi huendelea kufanya kazi nyingi kwa kujitegemea, lakini huhitaji msaada au usimamizi katika shughuli zinazohitaji uamuzi mkubwa.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> === Dementia ya Wastani === Kudhoofika kunavyoendelea hatimaye kunazuia kujitegemea, huku anayehusika akishindwa kufanya shughuli za kawaida za maisha ya kila siku.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Matatizo ya maongezi huwa wazi kutokana na kutokuwa na uwezo wa kukumbuka msamiati, ambayo hupelekea matumizi ya mara kwa mara ya misamiati isiyo sawa (paraphasia). Ujuzi wa kusoma na kuandika pia huendelea kupotea.<ref name="pmid10653284"/><ref name="pmid7967534"/> Taratibu tata za shughuli zinazohusisha misuli huzidi hupoteza uwiano kadri wakati unavyopita na Alzeima inavyoendelea, hivyo hatari ya kuanguka huongezeka.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Wakati wa awamu hii, matatizo ya kumbukumbu huwa mabaya, na mtu anaweza kushindwa kutambua jamaa wa karibu.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Kumbukumbu ya muda mrefu, ambayo ilikuwa hapo awali haijaathiriwa, sasa hudhoofika.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Mabadiliko ya kitabia na kinyurosaikayatri huenea zaidi. Mara nyingi haya hudhihirika katika kutangatanga, kuwashwa na kuathirika kwa maongezi, hali ambazo husababisha kilio, uvamizi usio na sababu au kukataa huduma za mtunzaji.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Kuchanganyikiwa na njozi za usiku zinaweza pia kuonekana.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Volicer L, Harper DG, Manning BC, Goldstein R, Satlin A |title=Sundowning and circadian rhythms in Alzheimer's disease |journal=Am J Psychiatry |volume=158 |issue=5 |pages=704–11 |year=2001 |month=Mei |pmid=11329390 |url=http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/158/5/704 |accessdate=2008-08-27 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.158.5.704 |archive-date=2011-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611235057/http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/158/5/704 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Takriban 30% ya wagonjwa huwa na kutambua kusiko sahihi kwa mawazo yasiyo ya ukweli na dalili zingine za kudanganyika.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Anayehusika pia hupoteza ufahamu wa mchakato wa ugonjwa wao na upungufu (anosognosia).<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Shida ya kutoweza kuzuia mkojo pia huanza.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Dalili hizi huleta dhiki ya kimawazo kwa jamaa na watunzaji wake, mambo ambayo yaweza kupunguzwa kwa kumhamisha mgonjwa kutoka kwa huduma ya nyumbani hadi vituo vya huduma ya muda mrefu .<ref name="pmid10653284"/><ref name="pmid7806732">{{cite journal |author=Gold DP, Reis MF, Markiewicz D, Andres D |title=When home caregiving ends: a longitudinal study of outcomes for caregivers of relatives with dementia |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-american-geriatrics-society_1995-01_43_1/page/10 |journal=J Am Geriatr Soc |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=10–6 |year=1995 |month=Januari |pmid=7806732 }}</ref> === Dementia Pevu === Katika hatua hii ya mwisho ya Alzeima, mgonjwa hutegemea kabisa watunzaji.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Lugha hupunguka hadi kwa maneno rahisi au hata neno moja, hatimaye kusababisha kupotea kabisa kwa uwezo wa maongezi.<ref name="pmid10653284"/><ref name="pmid7967534"/> Hata baada ya kupoteza uwezo wa maongezi ya lugha, wagonjwa wanaweza mara kwa mara kuelewa na kujibu ishara za kihisia.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Ingawa uchokozi bado upo, hali ya kutojali iliyokithiri na uchovu ni matokeo ya kawaida zaidi.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Wagonjwa hatimaye watashindwa kutenda hata mambo rahisi kabisa bila kusaidiwa.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Mkusanyiko wa misuli na uwezo wa kuenda huzorota hadi pale ambapo wagonjwa hulazwa tu kitandani, na hupoteza uwezo wa kujilisha wenyewe.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Alzeima ni ugonjwa usiotibika lakini sababu ya kifo aghalabu huwa ugonjwa mwingine kama vile vidonda vya shinikizo au nimonia, si Alzeima yenyewe.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> == Chanzo == Nadharia tete kadhaa zipo zinazojaribu kuelezea chanzo cha ugonjwa huu. Ile ya zamani, ambayo ni msingi wa matibabu ya madawa mengi ya kisasa ni nadharia tete ya kikolinajia ''<ref name="pmid10071091">{{cite journal |author=Francis PT, Palmer AM, Snape M, Wilcock GK |title=The cholinergic hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: a review of progress |journal=J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. |volume=66 |issue=2 |pages=137–47 |year=1999 |month=Februari |pmid=10071091 |pmc=1736202 |doi= 10.1136/jnnp.66.2.137|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-neurology-neurosurgery-and-psychiatry_1999-02_66_2/page/137}}</ref>ambayo inapendekeza kwamba Alzeima hunasababishwa na kupunguka kwa kutengezwa kwa kipeleki cha nyuro cha asetilikolini.'' Nadharia tete hii haijaungwa mkono sana, hasa kwa sababu madawa yanayonuiwa kutibu upungufu wa asetilikolini huwa si mazuri sana. Athari zingine za kikolinajia pia zimependekezwa, kwa mfano, kuanza kujikusanya kwa ukubwa wa amiloidi,<ref name="pmid15236795">{{cite journal |author=Shen ZX |title=Brain cholinesterases: II. The molecular and cellular basis of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Med Hypotheses |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=308–21 |year=2004 |pmid=15236795 |doi=10.1016/j.mehy.2004.02.031 }}</ref>inayo sababisha uvimbe wa nyuro usio wa kawaida.<ref name="pmid12934968">{{cite journal |author=Wenk GL |title=Neuropathologic changes in Alzheimer's disease |journal=J Clin Psychiatry |volume=64 Suppl 9 |pages=7–10 |year=2003 |pmid=12934968 }}</ref> Katika mwaka wa 1991,''nadharia ya amiloidi'' ilidai kwamba amana za amiloidi beta (Aβ) ndiyo chanzo msingi cha ugonjwa huu.<ref name="pmid1763432">{{cite journal |author=Hardy J, Allsop D |title=Amyloid deposition as the central event in the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Trends Pharmacol. Sci. |volume=12 |issue=10 |pages=383–88 |year=1991 |month=Oktoba |pmid=1763432 |doi=10.1016/0165-6147(91)90609-V }}</ref><ref name="pmid11801334">{{cite journal |author=Mudher A, Lovestone S |title=Alzheimer's disease-do tauists and baptists finally shake hands? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_trends-in-neurosciences_2002-01_25_1/page/22 |journal=Trends Neurosci. |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=22–26 |year=2002 |month=Januari |pmid=11801334 |doi=10.1016/S0166-2236(00)02031-2 }}</ref> Uungaji mkono wa madai haya unatokana na kuwepo kwa jeni ya amiloidi tangulizi ya protini beta (APP) juu ya kromosomu 21, pamoja na ukweli kwamba watu walio natrisomia 21 (Down Syndrome) ambao wana nakala ziada ya jeni karibu ulimwenguni kote hudhihirisha Alzeima wanapofikisha umri wa maika 40.<ref name="pmid16904243">{{cite journal |author=Nistor M, Don M, Parekh M, ''et al.'' |title=Alpha- and beta-secretase activity as a function of age and beta-amyloid in Down syndrome and normal brain |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurobiology-of-aging_2007-10_28_10/page/1493 |journal=Neurobiol Aging |volume=28 |issue=10 |pages=1493–1506 |year=2007 |month=Oktoba |pmid=16904243 |doi=10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2006.06.023 |last12=Head |first12=E }}</ref><ref name="pmid15639317">{{cite journal |author=Lott IT, Head E |title=Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome: factors in pathogenesis |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurobiology-of-aging_2005-03_26_3/page/n112 |journal=Neurobiol Aging |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=383–89 |year=2005 |month=Machi |pmid=15639317 |doi=10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.08.005 }}</ref> APOE4 ndiyo hatari kubwa ya kimaumbile ya Alzeima, husababisha kuongezeka kwa mkusanyiko zaidi wa amiloidi katika ubongo kabla ya dalili za Alzeima kujitokeza. Hivyo basi, kujikusanya kwa Aβ hutokea kabla ya Alzeima ya kliniki.<ref name="pmid7566000">{{cite journal |author=Polvikoski T, Sulkava R, Haltia M, ''et al.'' |title=Apolipoprotein E, dementia, and cortical deposition of beta-amyloid protein |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_the-new-england-journal-of-medicine_1995-11-09_333_19/page/1242 |journal=N Engl J Med |volume=333 |issue=19 |pages=1242–47 |year=1995 |month=Novemba |pmid=7566000 |doi=10.1056/NEJM199511093331902 }}</ref> Ushahidi zaidi unatokana na kupatikana kwamba panya wenye jeni geuzi iliyotokana na wanyama weingine ya jeni APP ya binadamu hukua na kusababisha utando wa amiloidi fibrila na ishara za ugonjwa wa akili kama Alzeima ulio na upungufu wa mafunzo ya kimahali. <ref>Panya wenye jeni za wanyama wengine: * {{cite journal |author=Games D, Adams D, Alessandrini R, ''et al.'' |title=Alzheimer-type neuropathology in transgenic mice overexpressing V717F beta-amyloid precursor protein |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1995-02-09_373_6514/page/522 |journal=Nature |volume=373 |issue=6514 |pages=523–27 |year=1995 |month=Februari |pmid=7845465 |doi=10.1038/373523a0 }} * {{cite journal |author=Masliah E, Sisk A, Mallory M, Mucke L, Schenk D, Games D |title=Comparison of neurodegenerative pathology in transgenic mice overexpressing V717F beta-amyloid precursor protein and Alzheimer's disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-neuroscience_1996-09-15_16_18/page/n244 |journal=J Neurosci |volume=16 |issue=18 |pages=5795–811 |year=1996 |month=Septemba |pmid=8795633 }} * {{cite journal |author=Hsiao K, Chapman P, Nilsen S, ''et al.'' |title=Correlative memory deficits, Abeta elevation, and amyloid plaques in transgenic mice |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_science_1996-10-04_274_5284/page/98 |journal=Science (journal) |volume=274 |issue=5284 |pages=99–102 |year=1996 |month=Oktoba |pmid=8810256 |doi=10.1126/science.274.5284.99 }} * {{cite journal |author=Lalonde R, Dumont M, Staufenbiel M, Sturchler-Pierrat C, Strazielle C. |title=Spatial learning, exploration, anxiety, and motor coordination in female APP23 transgenic mice with the Swedish mutation. |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_brain-research_2002-11-22_956_1/page/36 |journal=Brain Research (journal) |volume=956 |pages=36–44, year=2002 |pmid=12426044 |doi=10.1016/S0006-8993(02)03476-5 |year=2002 |issue=1 }} </ref> Majaribio ya chanjo yalionekana kuondoa utando wa amiloidi katika majaribio ya awali ya binadamu, lakini hayakuwa na athari yoyote muhimu kwa dementia. <ref name="pmid18640458">{{cite journal |author=Holmes C, Boche D, Wilkinson D, ''et al.'' |title=Long-term effects of Abeta42 immunisation in Alzheimer's disease: follow-up of a randomised, placebo-controlled phase I trial |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_july-19-25-2008_372_9634/page/216 |journal=Lancet |volume=372 |issue=9634 |pages=216–23 |year=2008 |month=Julai |pmid=18640458 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61075-2 |last12=Nicoll |first12=JA }}</ref> Watafiti wamepelekewa kudhania kwamba oligoma zisizo za utando za Aβ (mkusanyiko wa monoma nyingi) ndio muundo wa kimsingi wa Aβ. Hizi oligoma za sumu, pia zinajulikana kama Seli-gandi Tawanyishi zitokanazo na Amiloidi (ADDLs), hujigandisha kwenye kipokezi cha nyuroni na kubadilisha muundo wa sinapsi, na hivyo basi kusitisha mawasiliano ya neva.<ref name="pmid17251419"> {{cite journal |author=Lacor PN,''et al.'' |title=Aß Oligomer-Induced Aberrations in Synapse Composition, Shape, and Density Provide a Molecular Basis for Loss of Connectivity in Alzheimer's Disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-neuroscience_2007-01-24_27_4/page/796 |journal=Journal of Neuroscience |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=796–807 |year=2007 |month=Januari |pmid=17251419 |doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3501-06.2007 |last2=Buniel |first2=MC |last3=Furlow |first3=PW |last4=Clemente |first4=AS |last5=Velasco |first5=PT |last6=Wood |first6=M |last7=Viola |first7=KL |last8=Klein |first8=WL }}</ref> Mojawapo ya kipokezi cha Oligoma ya Aβ inaweza kuwaprotini aina ya Prioni, protini ambayo pia imehusishwa na ugonjwa wa kichaa cha ng'ombe na hali inayofanana kwenye binadamu, ugonjwa wa Creutzfeldt-Jakob, hivyo basi kuunganisha mfumo wa msingi wa matatizo haya ya kuzorota kwa nyuro na yale ya ugonjwa wa Alzeima.<ref name="pmid19242475"> {{cite journal |author=Lauren J, Gimbel D, ''et al.'' |title=Cellular prion protein mediates impairment of synaptic plasticity by amyloid-beta oligomers |journal=Nature |volume=457 |issue=7233 |pages=1128–32 |year=2009 |month=Februari |pmid=19242475 |doi=10.1038/nature07761 |pmc=2748841 }}</ref> Katika 2009, nadharia hii iliboreshwa,huku ikipendekeza kuwa aina ya karibu ya protini ya beta-amiloidi, na siyo lazima iwe beta-amiloidi yenyewe, inaweza kuwa ndiyo chanzo kikubwa cha ugonjwa huu. Nadharia hii inashikilia kwamba utaratibu unaohusiana na amiloidi inayopogoa viunganishi vya nyuro katika ubongo katika awamu ya haraka ya awali ya ukuaji wa maisha inaweza kusababishwa na mifumo inayohusiana na kuzeeka katika maisha ya baadaye na kusababisha kunyauka kwa neva kwa ugonjwa wa Alzeima.<ref name="Nikolaev">{{cite journal | first= Anatoly | last= Nikolaev | coauthors= Todd McLaughlin, Dennis O'Leary, Marc Tessier-Lavigne | date= 19 Februari 2009 | title= N-APP binds DR6 to cause axon pruning and neuron death via distinct caspases | url= https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2009-02-19_457_7232/page/981 | journal= Nature | volume= 457 | issue= 7232 | pages= 981–989 | issn= 0028-0836 | pmid= 19225519 | pmc= 2677572 | doi= 10.1038/nature07767 | accessdate= Mei 2009 }} </ref> N-APP, sehemu ya APP kutoka peptidi ya N ya mwisho-, ni karibu na beta-amiloidi na imepasuliwa kutoka kwa APP na mojawapo ya vimeng'enya. N-APP huchochea mkondo wa kujiharibu kwa kujiunganisha kwa kipokezi cha kinyuro kinachoitwa kipokezi cha kifo 6 (DR6, pia inajulikana kama TNFRSF21).<ref name="Nikolaev"/> DR6 huonekana sana katika maeneo ya ubongo wa binadamu walioathirika zaidi na Alzeima, hivyo inawezekana kwamba njia ya N-APP/DR6 yaweza kutekwa nyara katika ubongo unaozeeka ili kusababisha uharibifu. Katika mfumo huu, Beta-amiloidi hutekeleza jukumu la usaidizi, kwa kukomesha kazi kwa kubana utendakazi wa kisinapti. Utafiti uliofanywa katika mwaka wa 2004 ulipata kuwa utando za amiloidi haziwiani vyema na upotevu wa nyuro.<ref name="pmid15039236">{{cite journal |author=Schmitz C, Rutten BP, Pielen A, ''et al.'' |title=Hippocampal neuron loss exceeds amyloid plaque load in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Am J Pathol |volume=164 |issue=4 |pages=1495–1502 |year=2004 |month=Aprili |pmid=15039236 |pmc=1615337 |last12=Steinbusch |first12=HW |last13=Pradier |first13=L |last14=Bayer |first14=TA }}</ref> Uchunguzi huu unaunga mkono nadharia tete ya''tau,'' dhana kwamba matatizo ya protini ya tau huanzisha kuzuka kwa ugonjwa huu.<ref name="pmid11801334"/> Kulingana na mfumo huu, tau ya haipafosforilia huanza kushikana na nyuzi zingine za tau. Hatimaye, hutengeneza utando wa nyurofibirila ndani ya miili ya seli za neva.<ref name="pmid1669718">{{cite journal |author=Goedert M, Spillantini MG, Crowther RA |title=Tau proteins and neurofibrillary degeneration |journal=Brain Pathol |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=279–86 |year=1991 |month=Julai |pmid=1669718 |doi=10.1111/j.1750-3639.1991.tb00671.x }}</ref> Wakati hili linapotokea, mishipa midogo zaidi husambaratika na kusababisha kuharibika kwa mfumo wa usafiri wa nyuro.<ref name="pmid15615638">{{cite journal |author=Iqbal K, Alonso Adel C, Chen S, ''et al.'' |title=Tau pathology in Alzheimer disease and other tauopathies |journal=Biochim Biophys Acta |volume=1739 |issue=2–3 |pages=198–210 |year=2005 |month=Januari |pmid=15615638 |doi=10.1016/j.bbadis.2004.09.008 |url= |last12=Grundke-Iqbal |first12=I }}</ref> Hii inaweza kusababisha kwanza kutofanya kazi kwa mawasiliano ya biokemikali kati ya nyuro na baadaye kifo cha seli.<ref name="pmid17127334">{{cite journal |author=Chun W, Johnson GV |title=The role of tau phosphorylation and cleavage in neuronal cell death |journal=Front Biosci |volume=12 |pages=733–56 |year=2007 |pmid=17127334 |doi=10.2741/2097 }}</ref> Malengelenge ya Hepisi simpuleksiya virusi vya aina 1 pia yamependekezwa kutekeleza jukumu sababishi katika kubeba aina shawishi za jeni ya apoE. <ref name="pmid18487848"> {{cite journal |author=Itzhaki RF, Wozniak MA |title=Herpes simplex virus type 1 in Alzheimer's disease: the enemy within |journal=J Alzheimers Dis |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=393–405 |year=2008 |month=Mei |pmid=18487848 |doi= |issn=1387-2877 |url=http://iospress.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&issn=1387-2877&volume=13&issue=4&spage=393 }}</ref> Nadharia tete nyingine inasisitiza kwamba ugonjwa huu unaweza kuwa unasababishwa na kuvunjika kwa mayelinindani ya ubongo kunakotokana na umri. Kuvunjika huku kwa mayelini husababisha kusitishwa kwa usafiri wa kimkongo, na hivyo husababisha kupotezwa kwa nyuro ambazo huganda. Madini ya chuma yanayotolewa wakati wa kuvunjwa kwa mayelina hudaiwa kuwa husababisha uharibifu zaidi. Mifumo karabati wa uthabitishaji wa mayelini huchangia katika kukua kwa amana za protini kama vile-beta Amiloidi na tau.<ref>{{Cite pmid| 19775776}}</ref><ref>{{Cite pmid| 15665415}}</ref><ref>{{Cite pmid|18596894}}</ref> Fadhaa ya uoksidishaji ni sababu kubwa katika kutokea kwa ugonjwa huu./} Watu walio na Alzeima huonyesha kupoteza kwa 70% ya udhibiti wa seli za [[kurulusi]] ambazo hutoa norepinefrini (pamoja na wajibu wake wa uwasilishi wa nyuro) ambazo kwa kawaida huenea kutoka kwa “varicositi” kama za kusababishwa na mwili wenyewe kupiganan na uvimbe kwenye mazingira madogo yanayozunguka nyuro, seli za gliali, na mishipa ya damu kwenye neokoteksi na hipokampasi.<ref name="Heneka"> Heneka MT, Nadrigny F, Regen T, Martinez-Hernandez A, Dumitrescu-Ozimek L, Terwel D, Jardanhazi-Kurutz D, Walter J, Kirchhoff F, Hanisch UK, Kummer MP. (2010). [http://www.pnas.org.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/content/107/13/6058.full.pdf Locus ceruleus hudhibiti patholojia ya Alzeima kwa kusimamia utendajikazi wa microglial kupitia norepinephrine.] Proc Natl Acad Sci Marekani A. 107:6058-6063 {{doi|10.1073/pnas.0909586107}} PMID 20,231,476</ref> Imeonyeshwa kuwa norepinefrini huchangamsha kipanya cha microglia na kuzuia Aβ- uzalishaji ulishawishiwa wa saitokini na fagosaitosisi zao za Aβ.<ref name="Heneka"/> Hii inaashiria kwamba kuzorota kwa ceruleusi ya mahali maalum yaweza kuwajibika kwa utuaji uliongezeka wa Aβ kwenye ubongo wa Alzeima.<ref name="Heneka"/> == Pathofiziolojia == [[Picha:Alzheimer dementia (3) presenile onset.jpg|thumb|Mfano wa Histopatholojia wa utando dhoofu unavyoonekana katika oteksi ya serebali ya mtu alye na ugonjwa wa mwanzo Alzeima kabla ya uzee. Kutiliwa fedha.]] === Patholojia ya Nyuro === Ugonjwa wa Alzeima una sifa ya kupotezwa kwa nyuro na sinepsi katika tabaka la juu la ubongo na baadhi ya ya maeneo madogo ya oteksi. Upotevu huu hupelekea kudhoofika kwa jumla kwa maeneo yaliyoathirika, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuzorota kwa ndewe ya wakati na ndewe ya parietali, na sehemu ya mbele ya koteksi na mzunguko wa "singulate".<ref name="pmid12934968"/> Utafiti unaotumia MRI na PET umetia kwenye kumbukumbu kupunguka kwa ukubwa maeneo maalum ya ubongo ya wagonjwa wanavyoendelea kutoka kwa kuharibika kwa umauzi wa kadiri hadi kwa ugonjwa wa Alzeima , na kwa kulinganisha na picha zinazofanana kutoka kwa watu wazima walio na uzeee na wenye afya.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Moan R|title=MRI software accurately IDs preclinical Alzheimer's disease|journal=Diagnostic Imaging|date=20 Julai 2009|url=http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/news/display/article/113619/1428344|access-date=2010-10-18|archive-date=2016-05-16|archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160516192841/http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/news/display/article/113619/1428344|dead-url=yes|=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160516192841/http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/news/display/article/113619/1428344}}</ref> Tando zote za amiloidi na utanda neurofibrila huonekana wazi wazi na microscopia katika akili ya wale walio na taabu ya Alzeima.<ref name="pmid15184601">{{cite journal |author=Tiraboschi P, Hansen LA, Thal LJ, Corey-Bloom J |title=The importance of neuritic plaques and tangles to the development and evolution of AD |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurology_2004-06-08_62_11/page/n140 |journal=Neurology |volume=62 |issue=11 |pages=1984–9 |year=2004 |month=Juni |pmid=15184601 }}</ref> Tando ni nene, hakunaamana zaidi za beta peptidi amiloidi na nyenzo [[Seli|za mkononi]] nje na kuzunguka nyuro. Mfungamano (mfungamano wa neurofibrila) ni mkusanyiko wa neli ndogo za protini za tau ambazo zimekuwa haipafosoforia na kujilimbikiza ndani ya seli zenyewe. Ingawa watu wengi zaidi hupata tando na mfungamano kama matokeo ya uzee, wagonjwa wa Alzeima huwa nazo kwa wingi katika sehemu maalum za ubongo kama vile tundu ya wakati.<ref name="pmid8038565">{{cite journal |author=Bouras C, Hof PR, Giannakopoulos P, Michel JP, Morrison JH |title=Regional distribution of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in the cerebral cortex of elderly patients: a quantitative evaluation of a one-year autopsy population from a geriatric hospital |journal=Cereb. Cortex |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=138–50 |year=1994 |pmid=8038565 |doi=10.1093/cercor/4.2.138 }}</ref> Mkusanyiko mkubwa wa protini (Miili ya Lewy) si adimu katika ubongo wa mgonjwa wa Alzeima.<ref name="pmid11816795">{{cite journal |author=Kotzbauer PT, Trojanowsk JQ, Lee VM |title=Lewy body pathology in Alzheimer's disease |journal=J Mol Neurosci |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=225–32 |year=2001 |month=Oct |pmid=11816795 |doi=10.1385/JMN:17:2:225 }}</ref> === Biokemia === [[Picha:Amyloid-plaque formation-big.jpg|right|thumb|border|Vimeng'enya hufanyia kazi APP (protini tangulizi ya amiloidi) na kuikata katika vipande. Kipande cha amiloidi beta ni muhimu katika uundaji wa utando dhoofu katika Alzeima.]] Ugonjwa wa Alzeima umetambuliwa kama ugonjwa wa u kukunjwa vibaya kwa protini (proteopathia) , unaosababishwa na protini za A/beta na tau zilizojikunja vibaya ubongoni.<ref name="pmid14528050">{{cite journal |author=Hashimoto M, Rockenstein E, Crews L, Masliah E |title=Role of protein aggregation in mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases |journal=Neuromolecular Med. |volume=4 |issue=1–2 |pages=21–36 |year=2003 |pmid=14528050 |doi=10.1385/NMM:4:1-2:21 }}</ref> Utando umeundwa kwa peptidi ndogo, zenye urefu wa asidi ya amino 39-43 uitwao beta amiloidi-(pia huandikwa pia kama A-beta-au Aβ). Beta-amiloidi ni kipande kutoka protini kubwa iitwayo amiloidi tangulizi (APP), protini iliyotanda na hupenya kwa utando wa nyuroni. APP ni muhimu kwa ukuaji nyuroni, kuishi na-kujirekebisha baada ya majeraha.<ref name="pmid16822978">{{cite journal |author=Priller C, Bauer T, Mitteregger G, Krebs B, Kretzschmar HA, Herms J |title=Synapse formation and function is modulated by the amyloid precursor protein |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-neuroscience_2006-07-05_26_27/page/n108 |journal=J. Neurosci. |volume=26 |issue=27 |pages=7212–21 |year=2006 |month=Julai |pmid=16822978 |doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1450-06.2006 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12927332">{{cite journal |author=Turner PR, O'Connor K, Tate WP, Abraham WC |title=Roles of amyloid precursor protein and its fragments in regulating neural activity, plasticity and memory |url=https://archive.org/details/progress-in-neurobiology_2003-05_70_1/page/1 |journal=Prog. Neurobiol. |volume=70 |issue=1 |pages=1–32 |year=2003 |month=Mei |pmid=12927332 |doi=10.1016/S0301-0082(03)00089-3 }}</ref> Katika ugonjwa wa Alzeima, mchakato usiojulikana husababisha APP kugawanyika kwa vipande vidogo kupitia kimengenyakatika proteolisisi.<ref name="pmid15787600">{{cite journal |author=Hooper NM |title=Roles of proteolysis and lipid rafts in the processing of the amyloid precursor protein and prion protein |journal=Biochem. Soc. Trans. |volume=33 |issue=Pt 2 |pages=335–8 |year=2005 |month=Aprili |pmid=15787600 |doi=10.1042/BST0330335 }}</ref> Moja ya vipande hivi inazaa fibrili za amiloidi-beta, ambazo zinatengeza vibonge ambazo zinakusanyika nje ya nyuroni kwa wingi na kuunda vikundi ambavyo vinajulikana kama utando dhaifu.<ref name="pmid15184601"/><ref name="pmid15004691">{{cite journal |author=Ohnishi S, Takano K |title=Amyloid fibrils from the viewpoint of protein folding |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_cellular-and-molecular-life-sciences_2004-03_61_5/page/n3 |journal=Cell. Mol. Life Sci. |volume=61 |issue=5 |pages=511–24 |year=2004 |month=Machi |pmid=15004691 |doi=10.1007/s00018-003-3264-8 }}</ref> [[Picha:TANGLES HIGH.jpg|right|thumb|Katika ugonjwa wa Alzeima, mabadiliko katika protini ya tau yanapelekea kuharibika kwa mikrotubuli katika seli za ubongo.]] Alzeima pia hufikiriwa kuwa shida ya protini ya tau kutokana na kusanyikousio wa kawaida wa protini ya tau. Kila nyuroni ina mfupa wa ndani, mfumo wa ndani ambao kwa kiasi umeundwa kwa mifumo iitwayo mikrotubuli. Mikrotubuli hizi huwa kama alama, kuongoza virutubisho na molekuli kutoka katika mwili wa seli hadi mwisho wa mkongo na kurejea. Protini ya ''tau'' uhimarisha mikrotubuli wakati inapopata fosforasi, na kwa hiyo huitwa protini inayohusisha mikrotubuli. Katika Alzeima, tau bado hupitia mabadiliko ya kemikali, kuwa na fosfori nyingi, basi huanza kuunda jozi na nyuzi nyingine, na kuunda misokotano ya neurofibrila na kuharibu mfumo wa usafiri wa nyuroni.<ref name="pmid17604998">{{cite journal |author=Hernández F, Avila J |title=Tauopathies |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_cellular-and-molecular-life-sciences_2007-09_64_17/page/2219 |journal=Cell. Mol. Life Sci. |volume=64 |issue=17 |pages=2219–33 |year=2007 |month=Septemba |pmid=17604998 |doi=10.1007/s00018-007-7220-x }}</ref> === Utaratibu wa ugonjwa === Jinsi mvurugiko wa uzalishaji na mkusanyiko wa peptidi amiloidi beta husababisha kuongezeka kwa ugonjwa wa Alzeima haijulikani hasa.<ref name="pmid17622778">{{cite journal |author=Van Broeck B, Van Broeckhoven C, Kumar-Singh S |title=Current insights into molecular mechanisms of Alzheimer disease and their implications for therapeutic approaches |journal=Neurodegener Dis |volume=4 |issue=5 |pages=349–65 |year=2007 |pmid=17622778 |doi=10.1159/000105156 }}</ref> Nadharia tete ya amiloidi kijadi huashiria kuwa mkusanyiko wa peptidi amiloidi beta kama tukio kuu la kuchochea nyuroni kuzorota. Mkusanyiko wa fibrili za amiloidiambazo zinaaminika kuwa aina ya protini yenye sumu inayosababisha kuvuruga homiostasisi ya ayoni [[Kalisi|kalsiamu]] katika seli, husababisha chembe kufa (apoptosisi).<ref name="pmid2218531">{{cite journal |author=Yankner BA, Duffy LK, Kirschner DA |title=Neurotrophic and neurotoxic effects of amyloid beta protein: reversal by tachykinin neuropeptides |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_science_1990-10-12_250_4978/page/278 |journal=Science (journal) |volume=250 |issue=4978 |pages=279–82 |year=1990 |month=Oktoba |pmid=2218531 |doi=10.1126/science.2218531 }}</ref> Pia inajulikana kwamba Aβ huchagua kuendelea kukusanyika katika mitokondria katika seli za ubongo ulioathirika na Alzeima, na pia inazuia kazi fulani ya [[Kimeng'enya|kimengenya]] na matumizi ya glukosi na nyuroni.<ref name="pmid17424907">{{cite journal |author=Chen X, Yan SD |title=Mitochondrial Abeta: a potential cause of metabolic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease |journal=IUBMB Life |volume=58 |issue=12 |pages=686–94 |year=2006 |month=Desemba |pmid=17424907 |doi=10.1080/15216540601047767}}</ref> Michakato mbalimbali yenye uvimbe na saitokini pia inaweza kuwa inahusika kwa kutokea kwa ugonjwa wa Alzeima. Kuvimba ni ishara ya jumla ya uharibifu wa tishu katika ugonjwa wowote, na huweza kuwa baada ya uharibifu wa tishu katika Alzeima au ishara ya jibu la kinga.<ref name="pmid15681814">{{cite journal |author=Greig NH, Mattson MP, Perry T, ''et al.'' |title=New therapeutic strategies and drug candidates for neurodegenerative diseases: p53 and TNF-alpha inhibitors, and GLP-1 receptor agonists |journal=Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. |volume=1035 |pages=290–315 |year=2004 |month=Desemba |pmid=15681814 |doi=10.1196/annals.1332.018 }}</ref> Tofauti katika ugawaji wa neurotrofiki na tofauti katika uelezaji wa vipokezi vyao kama vile vipengele vya neurotrofiki zinazotokana na ubongo(BDNF) zilivyoelezwa katika Alzeima.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Tapia-Arancibia L, Aliaga E, Silhol M, Arancibia S |title=New insights into brain BDNF function in normal aging and Alzheimer disease |journal=[[Brain Research Reviews]] |volume=59 |issue=1 |pages=201–20 |year=2008 |month=Nov |pmid=18708092 |doi=10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.07.007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1111/j.1601-183X.2007.00378.x |author=Schindowski K, Belarbi K, Buée L |title=Neurotrophic factors in Alzheimer's disease: role of axonal transport |journal= [[Genes, Brain and Behavior]] |volume=7 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=43–56 |year=2008 |month=Feb |pmid=18184369 |pmc=2228393 }}</ref> === Jenetiki === Na idadi kubwa ya kesi za ugonjwa wa Alzeima ni za mtawanyiko, ina maana kuwa ugonjwa huu haurithiwi ingawa baadhi ya jeni zinaongeza hatari. Kwa upande mwingine, karibu 0.1% ya kesi ni aina ya ugonjwa unaosababishwa na urithi wa kifamilia kutoka jeni za mzazi mmoja, ambao kwa kawaida huanza kabla ya umri wa 65.<ref name="pmid16876668">{{cite journal |author=Blennow K, de Leon MJ, Zetterberg H |title=Alzheimer's disease |journal=Lancet |volume=368 |issue=9533 |pages=387–403 |year=2006 |month=Julai |pmid=16876668 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69113-7 |url= }}</ref> Mara nyingi ugonjwa wa kifamilia wa Alzeima unaotokana na jeni za mzazi mmoja unaweza kuhusishwa na mabadiliko katika moja ya jeni tatu: protini tangulizi ya amiloidi (APP) na presenilini ya 1 na 2.<ref name="pmid18332245">{{cite journal |author=Waring SC, Rosenberg RN |title=Genome-wide association studies in Alzheimer disease |journal=Arch Neurol |volume=65 |issue=3 |pages=329–34 |year=2008 |month=Machi |pmid=18332245 |doi=10.1001/archneur.65.3.329 }}</ref> Mabadiliko mengi katika APP na jeni ya presenilini huchangia uzalishaji wa protini ndogo iitwayoAβ42, ambayo ni sehemu kuu ya utando dhaifu.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Selkoe DJ |title=Translating cell biology into therapeutic advances in Alzheimer's disease |journal=Nature |volume=399 |issue=6738 Suppl |pages=A23–31 |year=1999 |month=Juni |pmid=10392577 |doi=10.1038/19866 }}</ref> Baadhi ya mabadiliko hubadilisha tu uwiano wa kawaida kati ya Aβ42 na miundo mingine mikuu, kama vile Aβ40-bila kuongeza viwango vya Aβ42.<ref name="pmid8938131">{{cite journal |author=Borchelt DR, Thinakaran G, Eckman CB, ''et al.'' |title=Familial Alzheimer's disease-linked presenilin 1 variants elevate Aβ1-42/1-40 ratio in vitro and in vivo. |url=https://archive.org/details/neuron_1996-11_17_5/page/1005 |journal=Neuron |volume=17 |issue=5 |pages=1005–13 |year=1996 |month=Nov |pmid=8938131 |doi=10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80230-5 |last12=Wang |first12=R |last13=Seeger |first13=M |last14=Levey |first14=AI |last15=Gandy |first15=SE |last16=Copeland |first16=NG |last17=Jenkins |first17=NA |last18=Price |first18=DL |last19=Younkin |first19=SG |last20=Sisodia |first20=SS }}</ref><ref name="pmid17254019">{{cite journal |author=Shioi J, Georgakopoulos A, Mehta P, ''et al.'' |title=FAD mutants unable to increase neurotoxic Aβ 42 suggest that mutation effects on neurodegeneration may be independent of effects on Abeta. |journal=J Neurochem. |volume=101 |issue=3 |pages=674–81 |year=2007 |month=Mei |pmid=17254019 |doi=10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04391.x }}</ref> Hii inaashiria kwamba mabadiliko ya presenilini yanaweza kusababisha ugonjwa hata kama inapunguza kiwango cha Aβ zinazozalishwa na huweza kuashiria majukumu mengine ya presenilini au jukumu la mabadiliko katika kazi ya APP na / au vipande vyake vingine mbali na Aβ. Kesi zaidi za ugonjwa wa Alzeima hazionyeshi dalili za ugonjwa wa kurithi na hujulikana kama Alzeima ya mtawanyiko. Hata hivyo tofauti za kijenetiki zinaweza kuwa ishara ya hatari. Ishara ijulikanayo vyema zaidi ni urithi wa aleli ya ε4 apolipoprotini E (APOE).<ref name="pmid8446617">{{cite journal |author=Strittmatter WJ, Saunders AM, Schmechel D, ''et al.'' |title=Apolipoprotein E: high-avidity binding to beta-amyloid and increased frequency of type 4 allele in late-onset familial Alzheimer disease |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA |volume=90 |issue=5 |pages=1977–81 |year=1993 |month=Machi |pmid=8446617 |pmc=46003 |doi=10.1073/pnas.90.5.1977 }}</ref><ref name="pmid16567625">{{cite journal |author=Mahley RW, Weisgraber KH, Huang Y |title=Apolipoprotein E4: a causative factor and therapeutic target in neuropathology, including Alzheimer's disease |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=103 |issue=15 |pages=5644–51 |year=2006 |month=Aprili |pmid=16567625 |pmc=1414631 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0600549103 |url= }}</ref> Kati ya 40 na 80% ya wagonjwa walio na Alzeima wanayo aleli ya apoE4.<ref name="pmid16567625"/> Aleli ya APOE4 huongeza hatari ya ugonjwa huo kwa mara tatu katika heterozigoti na kwa mara 15 katika homozigoti.<ref name="pmid16876668"/> Wanasayansi wa jenetiki wanakubaliana kwamba jeni nyingine nyingi pia huwa kama sababu za hatari au zina athari za kinga zinayoshawishi kuanza kwa kuchelewa ugonjwa wa Alzeima.<ref name="pmid18332245"/> Zaidi ya jeni 400 zimepimwa kuonyesha uhusiano na Alzeima ya mtawanyiko inayoanza kwa kuchelewa,<ref name="pmid18332245"/>nyingi bila matokeo.<ref name="pmid16876668"/> == Utambuzi wa Ugonjwa == [[Picha:PET Alzheimer.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Uchungzi wa PET wa ubongo wa mtu aliye na Alzeima huonyesha upungufu wa utendaji kazi katika tundu ya panja]] Ugonjwa wa Alzeima kwa kawaida hutambulika kama ugonjwa kutoka kwa historia ya mgonjwa, historia ya pamoja kutoka kwa jamaa, na uchunguzi wa kimatibabu, kutegemea na kuwepo kwa sifaza kinyurolojia na kinyurosaikolojia za neva na kukosekana kwa hali mbadala.<ref name="pmid17407994">{{cite journal |author=Mendez MF |title=The accurate diagnosis of early-onset dementia |journal=International Journal of Psychiatry Medicine |volume=36 |issue=4 |pages=401–412 |year=2006 |pmid=17407994 |doi=10.2190/Q6J4-R143-P630-KW41 }}</ref><ref name="pmid17018549">{{cite journal |author=Klafki HW, Staufenbiel M, Kornhuber J, Wiltfang J |title=Therapeutic approaches to Alzheimer's disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_brain_2006-11_129_11/page/2840 |journal=Brain |volume=129 |issue=Pt 11 |pages=2840–55 |year=2006 |month=Novemba |pmid=17018549 |doi=10.1093/brain/awl280 }}</ref> Matibabu ya mionzi ya hali ya juu na tomografia ya utendajikazi au mwangwi wa sumaku wa upigaji picha (MRI), na kwa upigaji picha wa kitomografia wa utendajikazi wa mwili(SPECT) au picha ya kompyuta ya miale ya gama (PET) zinaweza kutumika kusaidia kutenga magonjwa mengine ya ubongo au aina nyingine za magonjwa ya ubongo.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/CG042quickrefguide.pdf |format = PDF |title = Dementia: Quick reference guide |publisher = (UK) [[National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence]] |location = London |month = Novemba |year = 2006 |isbn = 1-84629-312-X |accessdate = 2008-02-22 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080227161412/http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/CG042quickrefguide.pdf |archivedate = 2008-02-27 }}</ref> Aidha, inaweza kutabiri kubadilika kutoka hatua za mwanzo (upungufu wa uwezo wa utambuzi) hadi kwa ugonjwa wa Alzeima.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Schroeter ML, Stein T, Maslowski N, Neumann J |title=Neural correlates of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment – A meta-analysis including 1351 patients. |journal=NeuroImage |volume=47 |issue=4 |pages=1196–1206 |year=2009 |pmid=19463961 |pmc=2730171 |doi=10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.037 }}</ref> Tathmini ya utendajikazi wa wasomi pamoja na kupima kumbukumbu kunaweza kusaidia zaidi kutathmini hali ya ugonjwa huo.<ref name="pmid17222085"/> Mashirika ya kimatibabu yameunda vigezo vya uchunguzi wa kimatibabu ili kurahisisha na kuwekeza viwango vya michakato ya wauguzi. Utambuzi huweza kuwa imara zaidi wakati wa uchunguzi wa mwili wakati sehemu za ubongo zinaweza kupatikana na kuchunguzwa kihistoria.<ref name="pmid6610841">{{cite journal |author=McKhann G, Drachman D, Folstein M, Katzman R, Price D, Stadlan EM |title=Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurology_1984-07_34_7/page/939 |journal=Neurology |volume=34 |issue=7 |pages=939–44 |year=1984 |month=Julai |pmid=6610841 }}</ref> === Vigezo vya uchunguzi wa kiutambuzi === Taasisi ya Taifa ya Kinyurojia na matatizo ya kimawasiliano na kiharusi (NINCDS) na Ushirika wa ugonjwa wa Alzeima na magonjwa husika (ADRDA, sasa inajulikana kama [[Chama cha Alzeima)]] [[NINCDS-ADRDA]] iliunda vigezo vinavyotumika kwa kawaida katika utambuzi mnamo 1984,<ref name="pmid6610841"/> vilivyoboreshwa mnamo 2007.<ref name="pmid17616482">{{cite journal |author=Dubois B, Feldman HH, Jacova C, ''et al.'' |title=Research criteria for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: revising the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria |journal=Lancet Neurol |volume=6 |issue=8 |pages=734–46 |year=2007 |month=Agosti |pmid=17616482 |doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(07)70178-3 |last12=O'brien |first12=J |last13=Pasquier |first13=F |last14=Robert |first14=P |last15=Rossor |first15=M |last16=Salloway |first16=S |last17=Stern |first17=Y |last18=Visser |first18=PJ |last19=Scheltens |first19=P }}</ref> Vigezo hivi vinahitaji kuwa kuwepo kwa uharibifu wa utambuzi, na kukishukiwa kuwepo kwa shida ya akili, na kuthibitishwa na kupima saikolojia ya akili kwa uchunguzi wa kimatibabu wa uwezekano au uwepo wa Alzeima. Uthibitisho kutoka kwa uchunguzi wa kina wa ugonjwa ikiwa ni pamoja na uchunguzi wa kina wa tishu ya ubongo inahitajika kwa ajili ya kuthibitisha uchunguzi. Takwimu za kuaminika na uhalali zimeonyeshwa kati ya vigezo vya uchunguzi na uthibitisho wa uchunguzi wa historia na maendeleo ya ugonjwa huu.<ref name="pmid7986174">{{cite journal |author=Blacker D, Albert MS, Bassett SS, Go RC, Harrell LE, Folstein MF |title=Reliability and validity of NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for Alzheimer's disease. The National Institute of Mental Health Genetics Initiative |journal=Arch. Neurol. |volume=51 |issue=12 |pages=1198–204 |year=1994 |month=Desemba |pmid=7986174 }}</ref> Vitengo vinane vya utendaji kwa kawaida uharibiwa katika Alzeima- kumbukumbu, [[lugha]], ujuzi wa utambuzi, makini, uwezo wa kujenga, maelekezo, kutatua tatizo na uwezo wa utendaji. Vitengo hivi ni sawa na Vigezo vya Alzeima vya NINCDS-ADRDA kama vilivyoorodheshwa katika ''Uchunguzi na Takwimu za Mwongozo wa Magonjwa ya akili'' ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders '' (DSM-IV-TR) iliyochapishwa na Chama cha Marekani cha Kiakili.<ref>{{cite book |last=American Psychiatric Association |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV-TR |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis00amer_2 |edition=4th Edition Text Revision |publisher=American Psychiatric Association |year=2000 |location=Washington, DC |isbn=0890420254 }}</ref><ref name="pmid8752526">{{cite journal |author=Ito N |title=[Clinical aspects of dementia] |language=Japanese |journal=Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi |volume=71 |issue=3 |pages=315–20 |year=1996 |month=Mei |pmid=8752526 }}</ref> === Vifaa vya Uchunguzi === [[Picha:InterlockingPentagons.svg|right|thumb|Uchunguzi wa vipimo wa saikolojia ya ubongo unaweza kusaidia katika uchunguzi wa Alzeima. Katika uchunguzi huo wagonjwa wanapaswa kunakili michoro sawa na ile inayoonyeshwa katika picha, kumbuka maneno, kusoma, na kuondoa nambari katika mfululizo.]] Uchunguzi wa kinyrosaikolojia kama vile uchunguzi wa kiasi wa hali ya akili(MMSE), hutumika sana kutathmini upungufu wa utambuzi unaohitajika kwa uchunguzi. Uchunguzi pana zaidi unahitajika kwa matokeo ya kuaminika zaidi, hasa katika hatua za mwanzo za ugonjwa huo.<ref name="pmid1512391">{{cite journal |author=Tombaugh TN, McIntyre NJ |title=The mini-mental state examination: a comprehensive review |journal=J Am Geriatr Soc |volume=40 |issue=9 |pages=922–35 |year=1992 |month=Septemba |pmid=1512391 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9987708">{{cite journal |author=Pasquier F |title=Early diagnosis of dementia: neuropsychology |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-neurology_1999-01_246_1/page/n7 |journal=J. Neurol. |volume=246 |issue=1 |pages=6–15 |year=1999 |month=Januari |pmid=9987708 |doi=10.1007/s004150050299 }}</ref> Uchunguzi wa neva mwanzoni mwa Alzeima hutoa matokeo ya kawaida, ila kwa uharibifu dhahiri katika utambuzi, ambayo inaweza kosa kuwa tofauti na ile itokanayo na michakato mingine ya magonjwa, ikiwa ni pamoja na sababu nyingine ya shida ya akili. Uchunguzi zaidi kinyurojia ni muhimu katika kutofautisha utambuzi wa Alzeima na magonjwa mengine.<ref name="pmid17222085"/> Mahojiano na jamaa wa familia pia hutumika katika tathmini ya ugonjwa huo. Walezi wanaweza kusambaza taarifa muhimu kuhusu uwezo wa kuishi wa kila siku, na pia juu ya kupungua, baada ya muda, uwezo wa akili ya mtu kufanya kazi.<ref name="pmid16327345">{{cite journal |author=Harvey PD, Moriarty PJ, Kleinman L, ''et al.'' |title=The validation of a caregiver assessment of dementia: the Dementia Severity Scale |journal=Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=186–94 |year=2005 |pmid=16327345 |doi=10.1097/01.wad.0000189034.43203.60 }}</ref> Mtizamo wa mlezi ni muhimu sana, kwani mtu aliye na Alzeima ni kawaida hajui upungufu wake mwenyewe.<ref name="pmid15738860">{{cite journal |author=Antoine C, Antoine P, Guermonprez P, Frigard B |title=[Awareness of deficits and anosognosia in Alzheimer's disease.] |language=French |journal=Encephale |volume=30 |issue=6 |pages=570–7 |year=2004 |pmid=15738860 |doi=10.1016/S0013-7006(04)95472-3 }}</ref> Mara nyingi, pia familia huwa na shida ya kutambua dalili za awali za dementia na wanaweza kukosa kutoa habari sahihi kwa daktari.<ref name="pmid16197855">{{cite journal |author=Cruz VT, Pais J, Teixeira A, Nunes B |title=[The initial symptoms of Alzheimer disease: caregiver perception] |language=Portuguese |journal=Acta Med Port |volume=17 |issue=6 |pages=435–44 |year=2004 |pmid=16197855 }}</ref> Dalili nyingine nzuri katika utambuzi wa ugonjwa ni ichunguzi wa maji ya serebali ya uti wa mgongo kwa uwepo wa amiloidi beta au protini ya tau,<ref name="pmid17612711">{{cite journal |author=Marksteiner J, Hinterhuber H, Humpel C |title=Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: beta-amyloid(1-42), tau, phospho-tau-181 and total protein |journal=Drugs Today |volume=43 |issue=6 |pages=423–31 |year=2007 |month=Juni |pmid=17612711 |doi=10.1358/dot.2007.43.6.1067341 }}</ref>yaani protini ya tau na protini ya tau iliyo na fosforasi _181P.<ref name="demeyer"/> Kutafuta protini hizo kwa kufyonza uti wa mgongo unaweza kutabiri kuanza kwa ugonjwa wa Alzeima na usahihi kwa kati ya 94% na 100%.<ref name="demeyer"/> Inapotumika na mbinu zilizopo za upigaji picha za ubongo, madaktari wanaweza kutambua wagonjwa wa kupoteza kumbukumbu ambao tayari wameanza kuugua ugonjwa huu.<ref name="demeyer">{{cite journal |author=De Meyer G, Shapiro F, Vanderstichele H, Vanmechelen E, Engelborghs S, De Deyn PP, Coart E, Hansson O, Minthon L, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Shaw L, Trojanowski JQ |title=Diagnosis-Independent Alzheimer Disease Biomarker Signature in Cognitively Normal Elderly People |journal=Arch Neurol. |volume=67 |issue=8 |pages=949–56 |year=2010 |month=Agosti |pmid=20697045 |doi=10.1001/archneurol.2010.179 }}</ref> Uchunguzi wa maji ya uti wa mgongo unapatikana kwa kulipia, tofauti na teknolojia ya kisasa ya kupiga picha za akili.<ref>{{cite news |author=Kolata G |title=Spinal-Fluid Test Is Found to Predict Alzheimer's |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/10/health/research/10spinal.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=9 Agosti 2010 |accessdate=10 Agosti 2010 }}</ref> Ugonjwa wa Alzeima ulitambuliwa katika kila mmoja ya watu watatu ambao hawakuwa na dalili yoyote katika utafiti wa 2010, ina maana kuwa ugonjwa huanza kuota kabla ya dalili kutokea.<ref>{{cite news |author=Roan S |title=Tapping into an accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease |url=http://www.latimes.com/health/boostershots/aging/la-heb-alzheimers-20100809,0,5683387.story |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=9 Agosti 2010 |accessdate=10 Agosti 2010 }}</ref> Uchunguzi wa zaidi hutoa habari ya ziada juu ya sifa za ugonjwa au hutumika kuondhosha utambuzi wa ugonjwa mwingine. Kupima damu kunaweza kubaini sababu nyingine za shida ya akili mbali na Alzeima<ref name="pmid17222085"/> -sababu ambazo, katika kesi nadra, zinaweza kupinduliwa.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Clarfield AM |title=The decreasing prevalence of reversible dementias: an updated meta-analysis |journal=Arch. Intern. Med. |volume=163 |issue=18 |pages=2219–29 |year=2003 |month=Oktoba |pmid=14557220 |doi=10.1001/archinte.163.18.2219 }}</ref> Ni kawaida kufanya vipimo vya utendakazi wa kikoromeo, kutathmini B12, kuondosha kaswende, na matatizo ya metaboli (ikiwa ni pamoja na vipimo utendakazi wa figo, viwango vya elektrolaiti na ugonjwa wa kisukari), tathmini viwango vya metali nzito (mfano risasi, zebaki) na upungufu wa damu. (Angalia njia tofauti za utambuzi wa shida za akili). (Pia ni muhimu kwa kuondosha uwezekano wa mapayo). Vipimo vya kisaikolojia kwa unyogovu hutumiwa, kwani unyogovu unaweza unaweza kuwa sambamba na Alzeima (tz Unyogovu wa ugonjwa wa Alzeima), ni ishara ya mapema ya kuharibika kwa utambuzi,<ref>{{cite journal |author=Sun x, Steffens DC, Au R, ''et al.'' |title=Amyloid-Associated Depression: A Prodromal Depression of Alzheimer Disease? |journal=Arch Gen Psychiatry |volume=65 |issue=5 |pages=542–550|year=2008 |url=http://archpsyc.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/short/65/5/542 |doi=10.1001/archpsyc.65.5.542 |pmid=18458206 |last1=Sun |first1=X |last2=Steffens |first2=DC |last3=Au |first3=R |last4=Folstein |first4=M |last5=Summergrad |first5=P |last6=Yee |first6=J |last7=Rosenberg |first7=I |last8=Mwamburi |first8=DM |last9=Qiu |first9=WQ}}</ref> au hata sababu.<ref name="pmid9153154">{{cite journal |author=Geldmacher DS, Whitehouse PJ |title=Differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Neurology |volume=48 |issue=5 Suppl 6 |pages=S2–9 |year=1997 |month=Mei |pmid=9153154 }}</ref><ref name="pmid17495754">{{cite journal |author=Potter GG, Steffens DC |title=Contribution of depression to cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults |journal=Neurologist |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=105–17 |year=2007 |month=Mei |pmid=17495754 |doi=10.1097/01.nrl.0000252947.15389.a9 }}</ref> ==== Kupiga Picha za Utambuzi ==== Wakati inapopatikana kama chombo cha utambuzi, upigaji picha wa kitomografia wa utendakazi wa mwili (SPECT) na picha ya kompyuta ya miale ya gama (PET) upigaji picha za ubongo hutumika kuthibitisha utambuzi wa Alzeima kwa ushirikiano na tathmini ya uchunguzi wa hali ya akili.<ref name="pmid16785801">{{cite journal |author=Bonte FJ, Harris TS, Hynan LS, Bigio EH, White CL |title=Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT in the differential diagnosis of the dementias with histopathologic confirmation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-nuclear-medicine_2006-07_31_7/page/376 |journal=Clin Nucl Med |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=376–8 |year=2006 |month=Julai |pmid=16785801 |doi=10.1097/01.rlu.0000222736.81365.63 }}</ref> Kwa mtu ambaye tayari ana shida ya akili, SPECT inaonekana kuwa bora katika kutofautisha ugonjwa wa Alzeima na sababu zingine, ikilinganishwa na majaribio ya kawaida yanayotumia kupima akili na uchambuzi wa historia ya matibabu.<ref name="pmid15545324">{{cite journal |author=Dougall NJ, Bruggink S, Ebmeier KP |title=Systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT in dementia |journal=Am J Geriatr Psychiatry |volume=12 |issue=6 |pages=554–70 |year=2004 |pmid=15545324 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajgp.12.6.554 }}</ref> Maendeleo yamepelekea kupendekezwa kwa vigezo vipya vya utambuzi.<ref name="pmid17222085"/><ref name="pmid17616482"/> Mbinu mpya inayojulikana kama PiB PET imeundwa kwa ajili kupiga picha moja kwa moja na kwa uwazi amana za amiloidi beta katika vivo kwa kutumia kinakili ambacho kinajishikilia kwa kipendeleo kwa amana ya A-beta. <ref> PiB PET: * {{cite journal |author=Kemppainen NM, Aalto S, Karrasch M, ''et al.'' |title=Cognitive reserve hypothesis: Pittsburgh Compound B and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in relation to education in mild Alzheimer's disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-neurology_2008-01_63_1/page/112 |journal=Ann. Neurol. |volume=63 |issue=1 |pages=112–8 |year=2008 |month=Januari |pmid=18023012 |doi=10.1002/ana.21212 }} * {{cite journal |author=Ikonomovic MD, Klunk WE, Abrahamson EE, ''et al.'' |title=Post-mortem correlates of in vivo PiB-PET amyloid imaging in a typical case of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Brain |volume=131 |issue=Pt 6 |pages=1630–45 |year=2008 |month=Juni |pmid=18339640 |pmc=2408940 |doi=10.1093/brain/awn016 |last12=Hope |first12=CE |last13=Isanski |first13=BA |last14=Hamilton |first14=RL |last15=Dekosky |first15=ST }} * {{cite journal |author=Jack CR, Lowe VJ, Senjem ML, ''et al.'' |title=11C PiB and structural MRI provide complementary information in imaging of Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment |journal=Brain |volume=131 |issue=Pt 3 |pages=665–80 |year=2008 |month=Machi |pmid=18263627 |doi=10.1093/brain/awm336 |pmc=2730157 }} </ref> Mchanganyiko wa PiB-PET unatumia uchunguzi wa PET kaboni-11. Utafiti wa karibuni unaonyesha kwamba PiB-PET ni sahihi 86% katika utabiri wa watu watakaoshikwa na ugonjwa wa Alzeima kati ya wale walio na viwango vya chini vya kupoteza uwezo wa utambuzi ndani ya miaka miwili, na usahihi wa 92% katika kuondoa uwezekano wa kushikwa na Alzeima. Mchanganyiko sawa wa uchunguzi wa PET wa uchunguzi wa dawa kwa miale ya redio uitwao(E) -4 - (2 - (6 - (2 - (2 - (2 - ^([18 F]-fluoroethoxy) ethoxy) ethoxy) pyridin-3-yl) vinyl)-N -methyl benzenamine, au ¹⁸ F AV-45, au florbetapir-florini-18, au tu florbetapir, ina radionuclide florini-18 ya kudumu, viliundwa hivi karibuni, na kufanyiwa majaribio kama chombo kinachoweza kutumika katika uchunguzi wa wagonjwa wa Alzeima.<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging |date=2009 Aug |volume=53 |issue=4 |pages=387–93 |title=The use of the exploratory IND in the evaluation and development of ¹⁸F-PET radiopharmaceuticals for amyloid imaging in the brain: a review of one company's experience |author=Carpenter AP Jr, Pontecorvo MJ, Hefti FF, Skovronsky DM |pmid=19834448 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Leung K |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=micad&part=AV-45-18F |title=(E)-4-(2-(6-(2-(2-(2-(¹⁸F-fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)pyridin-3-yl)vinyl)-N-methyl benzenamine <nowiki>[[</nowiki>¹⁸F<nowiki>]AV-45]</nowiki> |work=Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database |date=8 Aprili 2010 |accessdate=2010-06-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=[[Gina Kolata|Kolata G]] |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/24/health/research/24scans.html |title=Promise Seen for Detection of Alzheimer's |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=23 Juni 2010 |accessdate=23 Juni 2010 }}</ref><ref name="pmid20501908">{{cite journal |doi=10.2967/jnumed.109.069088 |journal=J Nucl Med |date=2010 Jun |volume=51 |issue=6 |pages=913–20 |title=In vivo imaging of amyloid deposition in Alzheimer disease using the radioligand 18F-AV-45 (flobetapir F 18) |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-nuclear-medicine_2010-06_51_6/page/913 |author=Wong DF, Rosenberg PB, Zhou Y, Kumar A, Raymont V, Ravert HT, Dannals RF, Nandi A, Brasić JR, Ye W, Hilton J, Lyketsos C, Kung HF, Joshi AD, Skovronsky DM, Pontecorvo MJ |pmid=20501908 |laysummary=http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/news/display/article/113619/1598949 }}</ref> Florbetapir, kama PiB, hufungamana na amiloidi-beta, lakini kutokana na matumizi yake ya florini-18 ina maisha nusu ya dakika 110, kwa kulinganisha na maisha nusu ya kinyuklia ya PiB ya dakika 20. ''Et al Wong'' aligundua kwamba maisha marefu ya kinakili yalikiruhusu kujilimbikiza zaidi katika bongo za wagonjwa wa Alzeima, hasa katika sehemu zinazohusishwa na amana za amiloidi beta.<ref name="pmid20501908"/> Uchambuzi mmoja ulitabiri kwamba kuna uwezekano wa kutumika kwa kushirikiana na dalili nyengine badala ya kuwa mbadala.<ref name="pmid19847050">{{cite journal |author=Rabinovici GD, Jagust WJ |journal=Behav Neurol |year=2009 |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=117–28 |title=Amyloid imaging in aging and dementia: testing the amyloid hypothesis in vivo |pmid=19847050 |pmc=2804478 |doi=10.3233/BEN-2009-0232 |doi_brokendate=2010-08-25 }}</ref> Kupima ukubwa waMRI unaweza kuchunguza mabadiliko katika ukubwa wa sehemu za ubongo. Upimaji wa maeneo hayo ambayo hudhoofika wakati wa ueneaji wa ugonjwa wa Alzeima inaonyesha ahadi nzuri kama kama kiashiria ya diagnostiksamarbetet. Inaweza kuja kuwa njia isiyo ghali ikilinganishwa na njia nyingine zinazofanyiwa uchunguzi kwa sasa.<ref name="pmid18445747">{{cite journal |author=O'Brien JT |title=Role of imaging techniques in the diagnosis of dementia |journal=Br J Radiol |date=2007 Dec |volume=80 |issue=Spec No 2 |pages=S71–7 |pmid=18445747 |doi=10.1259/bjr/33117326 }}</ref> Utafiti wa karibuni unaonyesha kwamba ngazi za metaboli za ubongo zinaweza kutumika kama viashiria vya baolojia vya ugonjwa wa Alzeima.<ref name="pmid 19501936">{{cite journal |author=Rupsingh R, Borrie M, Smith M, Wells JL, Bartha R |title=Reduced hippocampal glutamate in Alzheimer disease |journal=[[Neurobiol Aging]] |year=2009 |month=Juni |pmid=19501936 |doi=10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.05.002 }}</ref> == Kuzuia == [[Picha:Honoré Daumier 032.jpg|right|thumb|Shughuli za kitaaluma kama vile kucheza chesi au kushirikiana kijamii kumehusishwa na upungufu wa hatari ya Alzeima katika utafiti wa kiepidemolojia, ingawa hakuna sababu shirikishi iliyopatikana.]] Kwa sasa, hakuna ushahidi dhabiti kuonyesha kuwa kuna njia yoyote yenye ufanisi katika kuzuia Alzeima. <ref>Mapendekezo ya Kuzuia hayajaungwa mkono: * {{cite journal |author=Kawas CH |title=Medications and diet: protective factors for AD? |journal=Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord |volume=20 |issue=3 Suppl 2 |pages=S89–96 |year=2006 |pmid=16917203|doi=}} * {{cite journal |author=Luchsinger JA, Mayeux R |title=Dietary factors and Alzheimer's disease |journal=Lancet Neurol |volume=3 |issue=10 |pages=579–87 |year=2004 |pmid=15380154 |doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(04)00878-6}} * {{cite journal |author=Luchsinger JA, Noble JM, Scarmeas N |title=Diet and Alzheimer's disease |journal=Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep |volume=7 |issue=5 |pages=366–72 |year=2007 |pmid=17764625 |doi=10.1007/s11910-007-0057-8}} * {{cite press release |url=http://www.nih.gov/news/health/apr2010/od-28.htm |title=Independent Panel Finds Insufficient Evidence to Support Preventive Measures for Alzheimer's Disease |date=28 Aprili 2010 |publisher=[[National Institutes of Health]] |access-date=2010-10-18 |archivedate=2010-05-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100502034409/http://www.nih.gov/news/health/apr2010/od-28.htm }} * {{cite web |url=http://consensus.nih.gov/2010/alzstatement.htm |title=NIH State-of-the-Science Conference: Preventing Alzheimer's Disease and Cognitive Decline |date=26 Aprili–28, 2010 |author=Daviglus ML ''et al.'' |accessdate=2010-10-18 |archivedate=2010-05-03 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100503054126/http://consensus.nih.gov/2010/alzstatement.htm }}</ref> Uchunguzi wa ulimwengu wa kuzuia au kuchelewesha kuanza kwa Alzeima mara nyingi umetoa matokeo yasiyowiana. Hata hivyo, tafiti za epidemiolojia na mapendekezo katika uhusiano kati ya mambo fulani yanayoweza kubadilishwa, kama vile chakula, hatari ya moyo na mishipa, bidhaa za dawa, au shughuli za kitaaluma kati ya nyingine, na uwezekano wa wakazi wa kuugua Alzeima. Utafiti zaidi tu, ikiwa ni pamoja na majaribio ya kimatibabu, ndio utakaonyesha kama haya yanaweza kusaidia kuzuia Alzeima.<ref> {{cite journal |author=Szekely CA, Breitner JC, Zandi PP |title=Prevention of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Int Rev Psychiatry |volume=19 |issue=6 |pages=693–706 |year=2007 |pmid=18092245 |doi=10.1080/09540260701797944 }}</ref> Ingawa sababu za hatari za moyo na mishipa, kama vile haipakolesterolemia , shinikizo la damu ugonjwa wa kisukari, na uvutaji sigara, zinahusishwa na hatari kubwa zaidi na mwanzo na mkondo wa Alzeima,<ref name="pmid18299540">{{cite journal |author=Patterson C, Feightner JW, Garcia A, Hsiung GY, MacKnight C, Sadovnick AD |title=Diagnosis and treatment of dementia: 1. Risk assessment and primary prevention of Alzheimer disease |journal=CMAJ |volume=178 |issue=5 |pages=548–56 |year=2008 |month=Februari |pmid=18299540 |pmc=2244657 |doi=10.1503/cmaj.070796 }}</ref><ref name="pmid17483665">{{cite journal |author=Rosendorff C, Beeri MS, Silverman JM |title=Cardiovascular risk factors for Alzheimer's disease |journal=Am J Geriatr Cardiol |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=143–9 |year=2007 |pmid=17483665 |doi=10.1111/j.1076-7460.2007.06696.x }}</ref>statini, ambayo ni madawa ya kupunguza kolestroli, hayajakuwa na ufanisi katika kuzuia au kuboresha mkondo wa ugonjwa huo.<ref name="pmid17927279">{{cite journal |author=Reiss AB, Wirkowski E |title=Role of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in neurological disorders: progress to date |journal=Drugs |volume=67 |issue=15 |pages=2111–20 |year=2007 |pmid=17927279|doi=10.2165/00003495-200767150-00001 }}</ref><ref name="pmid17877925">{{cite journal |author=Kuller LH |title=Statins and dementia |journal=Curr Atheroscler Rep |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=154–61 |year=2007 |month=Agosti |pmid=17877925 |doi=10.1007/s11883-007-0012-9 }}</ref> Vipengele vya vyakula vya Mediterenia, ambayo ni pamoja na matunda na mboga, [[Mkate|mikate]], [[Nafaka|unga]] wa [[ngano]] na nyinginezo, mafuta, [[Samaki|samaki]], na mvinyo mwekundu, vyote kwa kibinafsi au kwa pamoja vinaweza kupunguza hatari au mkondo wa ugonjwa huo wa Alzeima.<ref name="pmid18088206">{{cite journal |author=Solfrizzi V, Capurso C, D'Introno A, ''et al.'' |title=Lifestyle-related factors in predementia and dementia syndromes |journal=Expert Rev Neurother |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=133–58 |year=2008 |month=Januari |pmid=18088206 |doi=10.1586/14737175.8.1.133 |url= }}</ref> Athari yake ya manufaa kwa moyo na mishipa imependekezwa kama utaratibu wa utekelezaji.<ref name="pmid18088206"/> Kuna ushahidi mdogo kwamba kutumia pombe kwa wastani , hasa mvinyo mwekundu, kunahusiana na hatari ya chini ya Alzeima.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Panza F, Capurso C, D'Introno A, Colacicco AM, Frisardi V, Lorusso M, Santamato A, Seripa D, Pilotto A, Scafato E, Vendemiale G, Capurso A, Solfrizzi V. |title=Alcohol drinking, cognitive functions in older age, predementia, and dementia syndromes |journal=J Alzheimers Dis |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=7–31 |date=Mei 2009 |pmid=19494429 |doi=10.3233/JAD-2009-1009 |last12=Capurso |first12=A |last13=Solfrizzi |first13=V |doi_brokendate=2010-08-25 }}</ref> Uchambuzi juu ya matumizi ya vitamini haujapata ushahidi wa kutosha wa umuhimu kupendekeza vitamini C,<ref name="pmid16227450">{{cite journal |author=Boothby LA, Doering PL |title=Vitamin C and vitamin E for Alzheimer's disease |journal=Ann Pharmacother |volume=39 |issue=12 |pages=2073–80 |year=2005 |month=Desemba |pmid=16227450 |doi=10.1345/aph.1E495 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-pharmacotherapy_2005-12_39_12/page/2073 }}</ref> E,<ref name="pmid16227450"/><ref>{{cite journal |author=Isaac MG, Quinn R, Tabet N |title=Vitamin E for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |volume= |issue=3 |pages=CD002854 |year=2008 |pmid=18646084 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD002854.pub2 |url= }}</ref> au asidi ya foliki na au bila vitamini B _12,<ref>{{cite journal |author=Malouf R, Grimley Evans J |title=Folic acid with or without vitamin B₁₂ for the prevention and treatment of healthy elderly and demented people |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |volume= |issue=4 |pages=CD004514 |year=2008 |pmid=18843658 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004514.pub2 |url= }}</ref> kama kinga au tiba ya mawakala katika Alzeima. Kuzidisha vitamini E inahusishwa na hatari muhimu za kiafya.<ref name="pmid16227450"/> Majaribio ya kuchunguza asidi ya foliki B9 () na vitamini nyingine za B zilishindwa kuonyesha uhusiano wowote muhimu kwa kupungua kwa utambuzi.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Effect of folic acid, with or without other B vitamins, on cognitive decline: meta-analysis of randomized trials |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-medicine_2010-06_123_6/page/522 |author=Wald DS, Kasturiratne A, Simmonds M |journal=[[The American Journal of Medicine]] |date=Juni 2010 |volume=123 |issue=6 |pages=522-527.e2 |doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.01.017 |pii=S0002-9343(10)00131-2 }}</ref> Matumizi ya muda mrefu yamadawa yasiyo steroidi zenye mshawasho (NSAIDs) yamehusishwa na kupunguza uwezekano wa kuugua Alzeima.<ref name="pmid17612054">{{cite journal |author=Szekely CA, Town T, Zandi PP |title=NSAIDs for the chemoprevention of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Subcell Biochem |volume=42 |issue= |pages=229–48 |year=2007 |month= |pmid=17612054 |doi=10.1007/1-4020-5688-5_11 }}</ref> Masomo ya uchunguzi wa miili ya binadamu, katika mifano ya wanyama , au katika uchunguzi wa vitro pia uanongeza nguvu kwa dhana kwamba NSAID huweza kupunguza uvimbe kuhusiana na utando wa amiloidi.<ref name="pmid17612054"/> Hata hivyo uchunguzi wa majaribio ya matumizi yao kama matibabu ya kupunguza yameshindwa kuonyesha matokeo mazuri wakati hakuna majaribio ya kuzuia ambayo yamekamilika.<ref name="pmid17612054"/> Sakamini kutoka bizari manjano imeonyesha ufanisi kiasi katika kuzuia uharibifu wa ubongo kwa mifano ya panya kutokana na uwezo wake wa kuzuia uvimbe.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ringman JM, Frautschy SA, Cole GM, Masterman DL, Cummings JL |title=A potential role of the curry spice curcumin in Alzheimer's disease |journal=Curr Alzheimer Res |issn=1567-2050 |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=131–6 |year=2005 |month=Aprili |pmid=15974909 |pmc=1702408 |doi=10.2174/1567205053585882 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Aggarwal BB, Harikumar KB |title=Potential therapeutic effects of curcumin, the anti-inflammatory agent, against neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic, autoimmune and neoplastic diseases |journal=Int J Biochem Cell Biol |volume=41 |issue=1 |pages=40–59 |year=2009 |month=Januari |pmid=18662800 |doi=10.1016/j.biocel.2008.06.010 |pmc=2637808 }}</ref> Tiba ya kubadilisha homoni, ingawa ilitumika awali, haidhaniwi tena kuzuia shida ya ubongo na kwa wakati mwingine inadhaniwa kuhusishwa nayo.<ref name="pmid19370593">{{cite journal |author=Farquhar C, Marjoribanks J, Lethaby A, Suckling JA, Lamberts Q |title=Long term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |volume= |issue=2 |pages=CD004143 |date=15 Aprili 2009 |pmid=19370593 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004143.pub3 }}</ref><ref name="pmid19401958">{{cite journal |author=Barrett-Connor E, Laughlin GA |title=Endogenous and exogenous estrogen, cognitive function, and dementia in postmenopausal women: evidence from epidemiologic studies and clinical trials |journal=Semin Reprod Med |volume=27 |issue=3 |date=Mei 2009 |pages=275–82 |pmc=2701737 |doi=10.1055/s-0029-1216280 |pmid=19401958 |last1=Barrett-Connor |first1=E |last2=Laughlin |first2=GA }}</ref> Kuna ushahidi pinzani usioshawishi kwamba "ginkgo" ina athari yoyote chanya juu ya kuharibika kwa utambuzi na shida ya akili na utafiti wa hivi karibuni unaonyesha kwamba haina athari katika kupunguza kasi ya matukio ya Alzeima.<ref>{{cite journal |author=DeKosky ST, Williamson JD, Fitzpatrick AL ''et al.'' |title=Ginkgo biloba for Prevention of Dementia |journal=Journal of the American Medical Association |year=2008 |volume=300 |issue=19 |pages=2253–2262 |pmid=19017911 |doi=10.1001/jama.2008.683 |url=http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/300/19/2253 |accessdate=2008-11-18 |last12=Robbins |first12=JA |last13=Tracy |first13=RP |last14=Woolard |first14=NF |last15=Dunn |first15=L |last16=Snitz |first16=BE |last17=Nahin |first17=RL |last18=Furberg |first18=CD |last19=Ginkgo Evaluation Of Memory (Gem) Study |first19=Investigators |pmc=2823569 }}</ref> Utafiti wa miaka 21 uligundua kwamba wanywa kahawa vikombe 3-5 kwa siku katika makamo walikuwa na upungufu wa 65% katika hatari ya shida ya akili katika maisha ya uzeeni.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Eskelinen MH, Ngandu T, Tuomilehto J, Soininen H, Kivipelto M |title=Midlife coffee and tea drinking and the risk of late-life dementia: a population-based CAIDE study |journal=J Alzheimers Dis |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=85–91 |year=2009 |month=Januari |pmid=19158424 |doi=10.3233/JAD-2009-0920 |doi_brokendate=2010-08-25 }}</ref> Watu wanaoshiriki katika shughuli za kitaaluma kama vile kusoma, kucheza michezo ya bodi, kukamilisha jedwali za maneno /, kucheza muziki wa ala, au kuhusiana mara kwa mara kijamii huonyesha kupungua kwa hatari ya ugonjwa wa Alzeima.<ref name="pmid16917199">{{cite pmid|16917199}}</ref> Hii inawiana na nadharia ya hifadhi ya utambuzi, ambayo inasema kwamba baadhi ya uzoefu wa maisha huleta ufanisi wa neva kufanya kazi zaidi kwa kumpa mtu hifadhi ya utambuzi na kuchelewesha kuanza kwa shida ya akili.<ref name="pmid16917199"/> Elimu huchelewesha mwanzo wa dalili za Alzeima, lakini haina uhusiano na kifo cha mapema baada ya utambuzi wa ugonjwa.<ref name="pmid19026089">{{cite journal |author=Paradise M, Cooper C, Livingston G |title=Systematic review of the effect of education on survival in Alzheimer's disease |url=https://archive.org/details/international-psychogeriatrics_2009-02_21_1/page/25 |journal=Int Psychogeriatr |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=25–32 |year=2009 |month=Februari |pmid=19026089 |doi=10.1017/S1041610208008053 }}</ref> Mazoezi pia uhusishwa na kupunguza hatari ya Alzeima.<ref name="pmid19026089"/> Baadhi ya tafiti zimeonyesha ongezeko la hatari ya kupatwa na Alzeima kwa sababu ya mazingira hasa matumizi ya [[Metali|madini]], hasa[[Alumini|alumini]],<ref name="pmid17522444">{{cite journal |author=Shcherbatykh I, Carpenter DO |title=The role of metals in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease |journal=J Alzheimers Dis |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=191–205 |year=2007 |month=Mei |pmid=17522444 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Rondeau V, Commenges D, Jacqmin-Gadda H, Dartigues JF |title=Relation between aluminum concentrations in drinking water and Alzheimer's disease: an 8-year follow-up study |journal=Am J Epidemiol |volume=152 |issue=1 |pages=59–66 |year=2000 |month=Julai |pmid=10901330 |pmc=2215380 |doi=10.1093/aje/152.1.59 }}</ref> au kuingiliana na viyeyuko.<ref name="pmid7771442">{{cite journal |author=Kukull WA, Larson EB, Bowen JD, ''et al.'' |title=Solvent exposure as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease: a case-control study |journal=Am J Epidemiol |volume=141 |issue=11 |pages=1059–71; discussion 1072–9 |year=1995 |month=Juni |pmid=7771442 }}</ref> Ubora wa baadhi ya tafiti hizi umekosolewa,<ref>{{cite journal |author=Santibáñez M, Bolumar F, García AM |title=Occupational risk factors in Alzheimer's disease: a review assessing the quality of published epidemiological studies |journal=Occupational and Environmental Medicine |volume=64 |issue=11 |pages=723–732 |year=2007 |pmid=17525096 |doi=10.1136/oem.2006.028209 }}</ref> na tafiti zingine zimekwisha pata kuwa hakuna uhusiano kati ya mazingira haya na kuugua Alzeima.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Seidler A, Geller P, Nienhaus A, ''et al.'' |title=Occupational exposure to low frequency magnetic fields and dementia: a case-control study |journal=Occup Environ Med |volume=64 |issue=2 |pages=108–14 |year=2007 |month=Februari |pmid=17043077 |doi=10.1136/oem.2005.024190 |pmc=2078432 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12222737">{{cite journal |author=Rondeau V |title=A review of epidemiologic studies on aluminum and silica in relation to Alzheimer's disease and associated disorders |journal=Rev Environ Health |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=107–21 |year=2002 |pmid=12222737 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9115023">{{cite journal |author=Martyn CN, Coggon DN, Inskip H, Lacey RF, Young WF |title=Aluminum concentrations in drinking water and risk of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Epidemiology |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=281–6 |year=1997 |month=Mei |pmid=9115023 |doi=10.1097/00001648-199705000-00009 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9861186">{{cite journal |author=Graves AB, Rosner D, Echeverria D, Mortimer JA, Larson EB |title=Occupational exposures to solvents and aluminium and estimated risk of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Occup Environ Med |volume=55 |issue=9 |pages=627–33 |year=1998 |month=Septemba |pmid=9861186 |pmc=1757634 |doi=10.1136/oem.55.9.627 }}</ref> Wakati baadhi ya uchunguzi unaonyesha kwamba marudio madogo sana ya maeneo ya sumakuumeme huweza kuongeza hatari ya ugonjwa wa Alzeima, wachunguzi walipata kwamba uchunguzi zaidi wa kiepidelemojia na uchunguzi wa maabara zaidi ya nadharia tete hili unahitajika.<ref>{{Cite document |title=Health Effects of Exposure to EMF |author=Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks-SCENIHR|date=Januari 2009|publisher=Directorate General for Health&Consumers; European Commission |location=Brussels |pages=4–5 |url=http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_scenihr/docs/scenihr_o_022.pdf |accessdate=2010-04-27 |postscript=<!--None-->}}</ref> Sigara ni kati ya sababu zenye hatari kubwa za Alzeima.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Cataldo JK, Prochaska JJ, Glantz SA |title=Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease: an analysis controlling for tobacco industry affiliation |journal=J Alzheimers Dis |year=2010 |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=465–80 |pmid= 20110594 |doi=10.3233/JAD-2010-1240 |doi_brokendate=2010-08-25 }}</ref> Utaratibu wa dalili za mifumo ya kinga ya ndani ni sababu za hatari za Alzeima inayaonza kuchelewa.<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=20160456}}</ref> == Udhibiti == Hakuna tiba ya ugonjwa wa Alzeima, matibabu yanayopatikana hutoa kiasi kidogo cha faida kwa kupunguza dalili lakini kimsingi huwa ya kupunguza athari. Matibabu ya sasa yanaweza kugawanywa katika dawa, kisaikolojia-kijamii na ulezi wa wagonjwa. === Dawa === [[Picha:Donepezil 1EVE.png‎|kulia | thumb | Pande Tatu mfano wa molekuli ya donepezili, ni kizuizi cha asetilkolinesterasi kinachotumika katika kutibu dalili za Alzeima.]] [[Picha:Memantine.svg|right|thumb|upright|Muundo Masi wa memantine, dawa iliyopitishwa kwa kutibu dalili za Alzeima iliyokomaa]] Dawa nne sasa zimeidhinishwa na mashirika ya udhibiti kama vile ya Shirika la Chakula na Matumizi ya Dawa la Marekani(FDA) na Shirika la Dawa la Ulaya (EMA) kutibu dalili za kiutambuzi za Alzeima: tatu kati ya hizi ni vizuizi vya kolinesterasi na nyingine ni memantini, ambacho ni kipokezi pimgamizi cha NMDA. Hakuna dawa iliyoonyesha dalili ya kuchelewesha au kusimamisha kuendelea kwa ugonjwa huu. Kupunguza kazi kwa nyuroni za kolineji ni kipengele maalumu kinachojulikana vizuri cha ugonjwa wa Alzeima.<ref name="pmid8534419">{{cite journal |author=Geula C, Mesulam MM |title=Cholinesterases and the pathology of Alzheimer disease |journal=[[Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord]] |volume=9 Suppl 2 |pages=23–28 |year=1995 |pmid=8534419 }}</ref> Vizuizi vya Asetilkolinesterasi zinatumiwa kupunguza kasi ambayo asetikolini /1} (ACh) inavunjwa, na hivyo kuongeza kukoleza kwa ACh katika ubongo na kupambana na upotevu wa ACh ulionasababishwa na kufa kwa nyuroni za kolineji.<ref name="pmid11105732">{{cite journal |author=Stahl SM |title=The new cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease, Part 2: illustrating their mechanisms of action |journal=[[J Clin Psychiatry]] |volume=61 |issue=11 |pages=813–814 |year=2000 |pmid=11105732 }}</ref> {{as of | 2008}}Vizuizi vya kolinesterasi vilivyoidhinishwa kwa ajili ya udhibiti wa dalili za Alzeima ni [[donepesili]] (jina la kibiashara ni ''Arisepti),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a697032.html |title=Donepezil |accessdate=2010-02-03 |date=2007-01-08 |publisher=[[US National Library of Medicine]] |work=[[Medline Plus]] }}</ref>galanitamini ''(Rasadine),'' <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a699058.html |title=Galantamine |accessdate=2010-02-03 |date=2007-01-08 |publisher=[[US National Library of Medicine]] |work=[[Medline Plus]] }}</ref> na [[rivasitigimini]] (huitwa ''Ekiloni'' <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a602009.html |title=Rivastigmine |accessdate=2010-02-03 |date=2007-01-08 |publisher=[[US National Library of Medicine]] |work=[[Medline Plus]] }}</ref> na ''Pachi ya Ekiloni'' <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a607078.html |title=Rivastigmine Transdermal |accessdate=2010-02-03 |date=2007-01-08 |publisher=[[US National Library of Medicine]] |work=[[Medline Plus]] }}</ref> ).'' Kuna ushahidi wa kufaa wa dawa hizi katika kutibu ugonjwa wa kadiri wa Alzeima,<ref name="pmid16437532">{{cite journal |author=Birks J |title=Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |issue=1 |pages=CD005593 |year=2006 |pmid=16437532 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD005593 |last2=Birks |first2=Jacqueline }}</ref><ref name="pmid19370562">{{cite journal |journal=[[Cochrane Database Syst Rev]] |date=2009 Apr 15 |issue=2 |at=CD001191 |title=Rivastigmine for Alzheimer's disease |author=Birks J, Grimley Evans J, Iakovidou V, Tsolaki M, Holt FE |pmid=19370562 }}</ref> na baadhi ya ushahidi wa matumizi yao katika hatua zilizoendelea. Donepesili tu ndiyo iliyopitishwa kwa ajili ya kutibu Dementia Alzeima ya kiwango cha juu. <ref name="pmid16437430">{{cite journal |author=Birks J, Harvey RJ |title=Donepezil for dementia due to Alzheimer's disease |journal=[[Cochrane Database Syst Rev]] |issue=1 |pages=CD001190 |date=2006 Jan 25 |pmid=16437430 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001190.pub2 }}</ref> Matumizi ya dawa hizi katika kuharibika kwa uamuzi wa mambo wa kadiri hakijaonyesha athari yoyote katika kuchelewesha kuanza kwa Alzeima.<ref name="pmid18044984">{{cite journal |author=Raschetti R, Albanese E, Vanacore N, Maggini M |title=Cholinesterase inhibitors in mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review of randomised trials |journal=[[PLoS Med]] |volume=4 |issue=11 |pages=e338 |year=2007 |pmid=18044984 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0040338 |pmc=2082649 }}</ref> Athari za kawaida sana ni kichefuchefu na [[Kutapika|kutapika]], zote ambazo zinahusishwa na koligeni ya kupindukia. Madhara haya hutokea katika takriban 10-20% ya watumiaji na ukali wake ni wa chini hadi wastani. Athari za mkondo wa pili ambazo si za kawaida ni pamoja na kukakamaa misuli, kupungua kwa kiwangocha kupiga moyo (bradikadia), kupungua kwa hamu ya chakula na uzito, na ongezeko la uzalishaji wa asidi ya tumbo. <ref>Maelezo ya kutolewa kwa vizuizi vya astelikolinesterasi: * {{cite web |url=http://www.aricept.com/images/AriceptComboFullPINovember02006.pdf |form=pdf |title=Aricept Prescribing information |accessdate=2008-08-18 |format=PDF |publisher=Eisai and [[Pfizer]] |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080910154231/http://www.aricept.com/images/AriceptComboFullPINovember02006.pdf |archivedate=2008-09-10 }} (chanzo msingi) * {{cite web |url=http://razadyneer.com/razadyneer/pages/pdf/razadyne_er.pdf |title=Razadyne ER U.S. Full Prescribing Information |accessdate=2008-02-19 |format=PDF |publisher=[[Ortho-McNeil Neurologics]] |archivedate=2008-05-28 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528195504/http://razadyneer.com/razadyneer/pages/pdf/razadyne_er.pdf }} (chanzo msingi) * {{cite web |url=http://www.pharma.us.novartis.com/product/pi/pdf/exelonpatch.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070728014715/http://www.pharma.us.novartis.com/product/pi/pdf/exelonpatch.pdf |archivedate=2007-07-28 |title=Exelon ER U.S. Prescribing Information |accessdate=2008-02-19 |format=PDF |publisher=[[Novartis Pharmaceuticals]] }} (chanzo msingi) * {{cite web |url=http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2006/020823s016,021025s008lbl.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070710074347/http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/2006/020823s016,021025s008lbl.pdf |archivedate=2007-07-10 |title=Exelon U.S. Prescribing Information |date=Juni 2006 |accessdate=2009-07-30 |format=PDF |publisher=[[Novartis Pharmaceuticals]] }} ( chanzo msingi) * {{cite web |url=http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/EnforcementActivitiesbyFDA/WarningLettersandNoticeofViolationLetterstoPharmaceuticalCompanies/ucm054180.pdf |format=PDF |title=Exelon Warning Letter |date=Agosti 2007 |accessdate=2009-07-30 |publisher=[[US Food and Drug Administration]] |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710121747/http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/EnforcementActivitiesbyFDA/WarningLettersandNoticeofViolationLetterstoPharmaceuticalCompanies/ucm054180.pdf |archivedate=2009-07-10 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Glutamate ni kisisimuzi muhimu cha nyurotransmita ya mfumo wa neva, ingawa kuwepo kwa kiwango kingi katika ubongo kunaweza kusababisha kifo cha [[seli]] kupitia mchakato uitwao usisimuzi ambao unahusisha kusimuliwa sana kwa vipokezi vya glutamate. Usisimuzi hutokea sio tu kwa ugonjwa wa Alzeima, lakini pia katika magonjwa mengine ya neva kama vile ugonjwa wa Parkinson na uwingi-sklerosi.<ref name="pmid16424917">{{cite journal |author=Lipton SA |title=Paradigm shift in neuroprotection by NMDA receptor blockade: memantine and beyond |journal=[[Nat Rev Drug Discov]] |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=160–170 |year=2006 |pmid=16424917 |doi=10.1038/nrd1958 }}</ref> Memanitine (jina la kibiashara ni ''Akatinoli, Axura, Ebixa'' / ''Abixa, Memox'' na ''Namenda),'' <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a604006.html |title=Memantine |accessdate=2010-02-03 |date=2004-01-04 |publisher= US National Library of Medicine (Medline) }}</ref> ni kizuizi kisicholeta ushindani cha kipokezi cha NMDA iliyoanza kutumika kama dawa ya kupigana nainfluenza. Hufanya kazi katika mfumo wa glutamaterigiki na kuzuia vipokezi vya NMDA na kuzuia kusisimuliwa zaidi kwao na glutamate.<ref name="pmid16424917"/> Memanatine imeonyeshwa kuwa kwa kiasi cha kadiri kuleta matokeo yanayokusudiwa katika matibabu ya ugonjwa wa Alzeima wa wastani hadi wa kiwango cha juu. Athari zake katika hatua za awali za Alzeima hazijulikani.<ref name="pmid15495043">{{cite journal |author=Areosa Sastre A, McShane R, Sherriff F |title=Memantine for dementia |journal=[[Cochrane Database Syst Rev]] |issue=4 |pages=CD003154 |year=2004 |pmid=15495043 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD003154.pub2 }}</ref> Taarifa za matukio mabaya na memanitine si za kila mara na ni za kadiri, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuota, kuchanganyikiwa , kizunguzungu, kuumwa na kichwa na uchovu.<ref>[384] ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.frx.com/pi/namenda_pi.pdf |title=Namenda Prescribing Information |accessdate=2008-02-19 |format=PDF |publisher=[[Forest Pharmaceuticals]] }} (Asili ya msingi)</ref> Mchanganyiko wa memantine na donepesili imeonekana kuwa "yenye umuhimu kitwakimu lakini ufanisi mdogo wa kimatibabu".<ref name="pmid18316756">{{cite journal |author=Raina P, Santaguida P, Ismaila A, ''et al.'' |title=Effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for treating dementia: evidence review for a clinical practice guideline |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-internal-medicine_2008-03-04_148_5/page/n80 |journal=[[Annals of Internal Medicine]] |volume=148 |issue=5 |pages=379–397 |year=2008 |pmid=18316756 }}</ref> Dawa za kuzuia kichaa ni muhimu katika kupunguza kwa kadiri kwa uchokozi na kichaa katika ya wagonjwa wa Alzeima na matatizo ya kitabia, lakini zinahusishwa na athari mbaya sana, kama vile matukio ya damubongo, matatizo ya kutembea au kupungua kwa uamuzi wa mambo, ambazo haziruhusu matumizi yake ya kawaida. <ref> Matumizi ya dawa za kuzuia kichaa: * {{cite journal |author=Ballard C, Waite J |title=The effectiveness of atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of aggression and psychosis in Alzheimer's disease |journal=[[Cochrane Database Syst Rev]] |issue=1 |pages=CD003476 |year=2006 |pmid=16437455 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD003476.pub2}} * {{cite journal |author=Ballard C, Lana MM, Theodoulou M, ''et al.'' |title=A randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled trial in dementia patients continuing or stopping neuroleptics (The DART-AD trial) |journal=[[PLoS Med]] |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=e76 |year=2008 |pmid=18384230 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0050076 |pmc=2276521 }} * {{cite journal |author=Sink KM, Holden KF, Yaffe K |title=Pharmacological treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia: a review of the evidence |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2005-02-02_293_5/page/596 |journal=[[J Am Med Assoc]] |volume=293 |issue=5 |pages=596–608 |year=2005 |pmid=15687315 |doi=10.1001/jama.293.5.596 }} </ref><ref name="pmid19138567"> {{cite journal |author=Ballard C, Hanney ML, Theodoulou M, Douglas S, McShane R, Kossakowski K, Gill R, Juszczak E, Yu L-M, Jacoby R |title=The dementia antipsychotic withdrawal trial (DART-AD): long-term follow-up of a randomised placebo-controlled trial |journal=[[Lancet Neurology]] |date=9 Januari 2009 |pmid=19138567 |doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70295-3 |laysummary=http://www.physorg.com/news150695213.html |volume=8 |page=151 |issue=2 }}</ref>Wakati zinapotumika kwa muda mrefu, zionyeshwa kuhusishwa na kuongezeka kwa vifo.<ref name="pmid19138567"/> === Hatua za Kisaikolojia na Kijamii === [[Picha:Snoezelruimte.JPG|thumb|upright|righ|Chumba kilichooundwa haswa kwa minajili ya tiba ya kuimarisha hisia , pia hujulikana kama snoezelen; kuingilia hisia kijamii na kwa kisaikolojia ili kuwasaidia watu wenye shida ya akili]] Hatua zakisaikolojia an kijamii zinatumiwa kama nyongeza ya matibabu ya dawa na kunaweza kuorodheshwa ndani mbinu zinazoegemea tabia, hisia, utambuzi au usisimuzi. Utafiti juu ya ufanifu wake hakupatikani na nadra ule unaozingatia kwa Alzeima, badala yake hulenga dementia kwa ujumla.<ref name="pracGuideAPA">{{cite web | url=http://www.psychiatryonline.com/pracGuide/loadGuidelinePdf.aspx?file=AlzPG101007 | format=PDF | title =Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients with Alzheimer's disease and Other Dementias | publisher =[[American Psychiatric Association]] | month=Oktoba | year=2007 | accessdate=2007-12-28 | doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890423967.152139 }}</ref> Hatua za kitabia hujaribu kutambua na kupunguza chanzo na matokeo ya tabia zinazotatiza. Njia hii haijaonyesha mafanikio katika kuboresha utendaji kwa ujumla,<ref name="pmid16323385">{{cite journal |author=Bottino CM, Carvalho IA, Alvarez AM, ''et al.'' |title=Cognitive rehabilitation combined with drug treatment in Alzheimer's disease patients: a pilot study |journal=Clin Rehabil |volume=19 |issue=8 |pages=861–869 |year=2005 |pmid=16323385 |doi=10.1191/0269215505cr911oa }}</ref> lakini inaweza kusaidia kupunguza baadhi ya matatizo ya tabia fulani, kama vile kushindwa kudhibiti mkojo.<ref name="pmid11342679">{{cite journal |author=Doody RS, Stevens JC, Beck C, ''et al.'' |title=Practice parameter: management of dementia (an evidence-based review). Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurology_2001-05-08_56_9/page/1154 |journal=Neurology |volume=56 |issue=9 |pages=1154–1166 |year=2001 |pmid=11342679 }}</ref> Kuna ukosefu wa twakimu bora kuhusu ufanisi wa mbinu hizi katika matatizo ya tabia mengine kama vile kuzurura.<ref name="pmid17253573">{{cite journal |author=Hermans DG, Htay UH, McShane R |title=Non-pharmacological interventions for wandering of people with dementia in the domestic setting |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |issue=1 |pages=CD005994 |year=2007 |pmid=17253573 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD005994.pub2 }}</ref><ref name="pmid17096455">{{cite journal |author=Robinson L, Hutchings D, Dickinson HO, ''et al.'' |title=Effectiveness and acceptability of non-pharmacological interventions to reduce wandering in dementia: a systematic review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-geriatric-psychiatry_2007-01_22_1/page/9 |journal=Int J Geriatr Psychiatry |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=9–22 |year=2007 |pmid=17096455 |doi=10.1002/gps.1643 }}</ref> Hatua zinazoegemea hisia zinahusu matibabu ya kukumbuka mambo ya zamani, matibabu ya uthibitishaji, matibabu ya kisaikolojia yanayounga mkono, kuunganishwa kwa hisi, pia hujulikana kama snoeseleni, na matibabu ya usimulizi wa sasa. Matibabu ya kisaikolojia yanyounga mkono yamepokea rasmi utafiti kidogo au usiokuwepo wa kisayansi, lakini baadhi ya madaktari huona kuwa yana manufaa katika kuwasaidia wagonjwa wenye uharibifu wa kadiri kuzoea maradhi yao.<ref name="pracGuideAPA"/> Matibabu ya kukumbuka mambo ya zamani (RT) yanahusu majadiliano ya mambo ya zamani na mtu mmoja au katika kikundi, mara nyingi kwa kutumia picha, vitu vya nyumbani, muziki na rekodi za sauti, au vitu vinavyofahamika vya zamani. Ingawa kuna uchache wa utafiti bora kuhusu ufanisi wa RT, inaweza kuwa ya manufaa kwa utambuzi wa mambo na hali ya hisia.<ref name="pmid15846613">{{cite journal |author=Woods B, Spector A, Jones C, Orrell M, Davies S |title=Reminiscence therapy for dementia |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |issue=2 |pages=CD001120 |year=2005 |pmid=15846613 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001120.pub2 }}</ref> Matibabu ya uigaji mambo ya sasa (SPT) yana msingi wake katika nadharia za kushikamana na yanahusisha kucheza na kurekodi kwa sauti za jamaa wa karibu wa mtu huyo aliye na ugonjwa wa Alzeima. Kuna kiasi cha ushahidi unaoonyesha kwamba SPT yaweza kupunguza tabia zenye changamoto.<ref name="pmid19023729">{{cite journal |author=Zetteler J |title=Effectiveness of simulated presence therapy for individuals with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |url=https://archive.org/details/aging-mental-health_2008-11_12_6/page/779 |journal=Aging Ment Health |volume=12 |issue=6 |pages=779–85 |year=2008 |month=Novemba |pmid=19023729 |doi=10.1080/13607860802380631 }}</ref> Hatimaye, matibabu ya uthibitishi ni msingi wake katika kukubali ukweli na ukweli wa kibinafsi wa maisha binafsi, wakati kuunganishwa kwa hisia nyingi kunatokana na mazoezi yenye lengo la kuchochea hisia. Kuna kiasi cha ushahidi kinachounga mkono manufaa ya matibabu haya.<ref name="pmid12917907">{{cite journal |author=Neal M, Briggs M |title=Validation therapy for dementia |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |issue=3 |pages=CD001394 |year=2003 |pmid=12917907 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001394 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12519587">{{cite journal |author=Chung JC, Lai CK, Chung PM, French HP |title=Snoezelen for dementia |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |issue=4 |pages=CD003152 |year=2002 |pmid=12519587 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD003152 }}</ref> Lengo la matibabu yanayoegemea utambuzi, ambayo ni pamoja na mwelekeo wa ukweli na kufunzwa tena kwa utambuzi wa mambo, ni kupunguza nakisi ya utambuzi wa mambo. Mwelekeo wa ukweli unahusisha katika uwasilishaji wa taarifa juu ya muda, mahali au mtu ili kurahisisha kuelewa kwa mtu juu ya mazingira yake na sehemu yake ndani yake. Kwa upande mwingine kufunzwa tena utambuzi wa mambo hujaribu kuboresha uwezo wa utendaji ulioharibika kwa kusisimua uwezo wa akili. Hatua zote zimeonyesha baadhi ya matokeo yaliyotarajiwa ya kuboresha uwezo wa utambuzi,<ref name="pmid17636652">{{cite journal |author=Spector A, Orrell M, Davies S, Woods B |title=Withdrawn: Reality orientation for dementia |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |issue=3 |pages=CD001119 |year=2000 |pmid=17636652 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001119.pub2 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12948999">{{cite journal |author=Spector A, Thorgrimsen L, Woods B, ''et al.'' |title=Efficacy of an evidence-based cognitive stimulation therapy programme for people with dementia: randomised controlled trial |journal=Br J Psychiatry |volume=183 |pages=248–254 |year=2003 |pmid=12948999 |doi=10.1192/bjp.183.3.248 }}</ref>ingawa katika baadhi ya utafiti madhara haya yalikuwa ya muda mfupi na ya athari mbaya, kama vile kuudhika, pia yameripotiwa.<ref name="pracGuideAPA"/> Matibabu yanayoegemea usisimuzi ni pamoja na sanaa, muziki na matibabu ya chuki, mazoezi, na aina yoyote ya shughuli nyingine za burudani. Kusisimua kunasaidia kidogo katika kuboresha tabia, hisia, na, kwa kiasi cha chini utendakazi. Hata hivyo, muhimu kama athari hizi ni usaidizi mkuu kwa ajili ya matumizi ya matibabu ya kusisimua ni mabadiliko ya maisha ya mtu ya kawaida.<ref name="pracGuideAPA"/> === Matunzo === Kwa vile Alzeima haina tiba na hatua kwa hatua huwanya watu kutoweza kuchunga mahitaji yao wenyewe, utunzaji kimsingi ndiyo matibabu na lazima yathibitiwe kwa makini katika kipindi cha ugonjwa huu. Katika awamu za mapema na za wastani, mabadiliko ya mazingira ya kuishi na maisha yanaweza kuongeza usalama wa mgonjwa na kupunguza mzigo wa mlezi<ref name="pmid15860476">{{cite journal |author=Gitlin LN, Hauck WW, Dennis MP, Winter L |title=Maintenance of effects of the home environmental skill-building program for family caregivers and individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related disorders |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journals-of-gerontology_2005-03_60a_3/page/368 |journal=J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. |volume=60 |issue=3 |pages=368–74 |year=2005 |month=Machi |pmid=15860476 }}</ref> Mifano wa mabadiliko haya ni kama vile kuzingatia matendo yalirahisishwa ya kila siku, na kuweka kwa wa kufuli za usalama, na kuweka alama kwa vitu vya nyumbani ili kumtambulisha mtu mwenye ugonjwa au matumizi ya vitu vilivyobadilishwa vya maisha ya kila siku.<ref name="pracGuideAPA"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.alz.org/Health/Treating/agitation.asp |title=Treating behavioral and psychiatric symptoms |year=2006 |accessdate=2006-09-25 |publisher=Alzheimer's Association |archivedate=2006-09-25 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925112503/http://www.alz.org/Health/Treating/agitation.asp }}</ref><ref name="pmid15297089"> {{cite journal | author = Dunne TE, Neargarder SA, Cipolloni PB, Cronin-Golomb A | title = Visual contrast enhances food and liquid intake in advanced Alzheimer's disease | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-nutrition_2004-08_23_4/page/533 | journal = Clinical Nutrition | volume = 23 | issue = 4 | pages = 533–538 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15297089 | doi = 10.1016/j.clnu.2003.09.015 }}</ref> Mgonjwa anaweza pia kutoweza kujilisha mwenyewe, hivyo huhitaji chakula kikiwa katika vipande vidogo au kilichosagwa.<ref>{{cite book |author=Dudek, Susan G. |title=Nutrition essentials for nursing practice |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |location=Hagerstown, Maryland |year=2007 |page=360 |isbn=0-7817-6651-6 |oclc= |doi= |url= http://books.google.com/?id=01zo6yf0IUEC&pg=PA360&dq=alzheimer%27s+chew |accessdate=2008-08-19 }}</ref> Wakati wa kumeza matatizo hutokea, na matumizi ya neli za kulisha zinaweza kuhutajika. Katika hali kama hizo, na ufanifu wa matibabu na maadili ya kuendelea kulisha ni muhimu kuzingatiwa na watunzaji na familia.<ref name="pmid16415742">{{cite journal |author=Dennehy C |title=Analysis of patients' rights: dementia and PEG insertion |journal=Br J Nurs |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=18–20 |year=2006 |pmid=16415742 }}</ref><ref name="pmid16556924">{{cite journal |author=Chernoff R |title=Tube feeding patients with dementia |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nutrition-in-clinical-practice_2006-04_21_2/page/142 |journal=Nutr Clin Pract |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=142–6 |year=2006 |month=Aprili |pmid=16556924 |doi=10.1177/0115426506021002142 }}</ref> Matumizi ya vifaa vya kumfunga mgonjwa nadra huhitajika katika hatua yoyote ya ugonjwa huu, ingawa kuna wakati ambapo huwa muhimu ili kuzuia madhara kwa wagonjwa wa Alzeima au watunzaji wao.<ref name="pracGuideAPA"/> Ugonjwa unavyoendelea, masuala mbalimbali ya matibabu yanaweza kuonekana, kama vile maradhi ya mdomo na meno, vidonda vya mbano, utapiamlo, matatizo ya usafi, au matatizo ya upumuaji, ngozi, au [[Jicho|macho]]. Usimamizi wa makini unaweza kuzuia haya yote, na matibabu maalum yanahitajika wakati yanapotokea.<ref name="pmid10369823">{{cite journal |author=Gambassi G, Landi F, Lapane KL, Sgadari A, Mor V, Bernabei R |title=Predictors of mortality in patients with Alzheimer's disease living in nursing homes |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-neurology-neurosurgery-and-psychiatry_1999-07_67_1/page/59 |journal=J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. |volume=67 |issue=1 |pages=59–65 |year=1999 |month=Julai |pmid=10369823 |pmc=1736445 |doi=10.1136/jnnp.67.1.59 }}</ref><ref> Masuala ya Matibabu: * {{cite journal |author=Head B |title=Palliative care for persons with dementia |journal=Home Healthc Nurse |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=53–60; quiz 61 |year=2003 |month=Januari |pmid=12544465 |doi=10.1097/00004045-200301000-00012 }} * {{cite journal |author=Friedlander AH, Norman DC, Mahler ME, Norman KM, Yagiela JA |title=Alzheimer's disease: psychopathology, medical management and dental implications |journal=J Am Dent Assoc |volume=137 |issue=9 |pages=1240–51 |year=2006 |month=Septemba |pmid=16946428 }} * {{cite journal |author=Belmin J |title=Practical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of weight loss in Alzheimer's disease: a consensus from appropriateness ratings of a large expert panel |journal=J Nutr Health Aging |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=33–7 |year=2007 |pmid=17315078 |author2=Expert Panel and Organisation Committee }} * {{cite journal |author=McCurry SM, Gibbons LE, Logsdon RG, Vitiello M, Teri L |title=Training caregivers to change the sleep hygiene practices of patients with dementia: the NITE-AD project |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-american-geriatrics-society_2003-10_51_10/page/1455 |journal=J Am Geriatr Soc |volume=51 |issue=10 |pages=1455–60 |year=2003 |month=Oktoba |pmid=14511168 |doi=10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51466.x }} * {{cite journal |author=Perls TT, Herget M |title=Higher respiratory infection rates on an Alzheimer's special care unit and successful intervention |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-american-geriatrics-society_1995-12_43_12/page/1341 |journal=J Am Geriatr Soc |volume=43 |issue=12 |pages=1341–4 |year=1995 |month=Desemba |pmid=7490383 }}</ref> Katika hatua ya mwisho ya ugonjwa huu, matibabu uhusisha kupunguza usumbufu hadi kifo.<ref name="pmid12854952">{{cite journal |author=Shega JW, Levin A, Hougham GW, ''et al.'' |title=Palliative Excellence in Alzheimer Care Efforts (PEACE): a program description |journal=J Palliat Med |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=315–20 |year=2003 |month=Aprili |pmid=12854952 |doi=10.1089/109662103764978641 }}</ref> Utafiti mdogo wa hivi karibuni huko Marekani ulihitimisha kuwa wagonjwa ambao watunzaji wao walikuwa na uelewa mzuri wa matatizo na shida za kimatibabu za hatua ya mwisho ya dementia walikuwa na uwezekano wa chini wa kupata matibabu ya kutumia nguvu karibu na mwisho wa maisha. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Mitchell SL, Teno JM, Kiely DK, ''et al.'' |title=The clinical course of advanced dementia |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2009-10-15_361_16/page/1528 |journal=N Engl J Med |volume=361 |issue=16 |pages=1529–38 |year=2009 |month=Oct |pmid=19828530 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa0902234 |pmc=2778850}}</ref> == Kutabiri Maendeleo yake == [[Picha:Alzheimer and other dementias world map - DALY - WHO2004.svg|thumb|Maisha yaliobadilishwa na Ulemavu-mwaka kwa Alzeima na shida ya akili nyingine kwa wakazi 100,000 katika 2004.[446][447][448][449][450][451][452][453][454][455][456][ 457][458]]] Hatua za kwanza za ugonjwa wa Alzeima ni ngumu kuzitambua. Utambuzi wa hakika huweza kufanyika mara tu uharibifu wa utambuzi huanza kuathiri shughuli za kila siku, ingawa mtu anaweza kuwa bado anaishi kivyake. Dalili huongezeka kutokana na shida ndogo ndogo za utambuzi, kuzidi kupoteza kumbukumbu katika hatua za kuzidi kuharibika kwa uwezo wa utambuzi, kuondoa uwezekano wowote wa kuishi ukiwa huru.<ref name="pmid10653284"/> Muda wa kuishi wa walio na ugonjwa huo hupungua.<ref name="pmid3776457"/><ref name="pmid8757016">{{cite journal |author=Bowen JD, Malter AD, Sheppard L, ''et al.'' |title=Predictors of mortality in patients diagnosed with probable Alzheimer's disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurology_1996-08_47_2/page/433 |journal=Neurology |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=433–9 |year=1996 |month=Agosti |pmid=8757016 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12580712">{{cite journal |author=Dodge HH, Shen C, Pandav R, DeKosky ST, Ganguli M |title=Functional transitions and active life expectancy associated with Alzheimer disease |journal=Arch. Neurol. |volume=60 |issue=2 |pages=253–9 |year=2003 |month=Februari |pmid=12580712 |doi=10.1001/archneur.60.2.253 }}</ref> Kadiri ya muda wa kuishi baada ya kugunduliwa kwa ugonjwa ni takriban miaka saba.<ref name="pmid3776457"/> Chini ya 3% ya wagonjwa huishi zaidi ya miaka kumi na minne.<ref name="pmid7793228"/> Sifa za ugonjwa huu zinazohusishwa sana na kupunguka kwa maisha ni kuzidi kwa upungufu wa utambuzi, kupungua kwa kiwango cha utendaji kazi, historia ya kuanguka, na usumbufu katika uchunguzi wa kinyurolojia. Magonjwa mengine ya kisadfa kama vile matatizo ya moyo, [[Kisukari|ugonjwa wa kisukari]] au historia ya [[Utumiaji mbaya wa Pombe|ulevi]] pia uhusishwa na kupungua kwa maisha.<ref name="pmid8757016"/><ref name="pmid15068977">{{cite journal |author=Larson EB, Shadlen MF, Wang L, ''et al.'' |title=Survival after initial diagnosis of Alzheimer disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-internal-medicine_2004-04-06_140_7/page/n52 |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=140 |issue=7 |pages=501–9 |year=2004 |month=Aprili |pmid=15068977 }}</ref><ref name="pmid7792352">{{cite journal |author=Jagger C, Clarke M, Stone A |title=Predictors of survival with Alzheimer's disease: a community-based study |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychological-medicine_1995-01_25_1/page/171 |journal=Psychol Med |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=171–7 |year=1995 |month=Januari |pmid=7792352 |doi=10.1017/S0033291700028191 }}</ref> Iwapo ugonjwa utaanza mapema basi maisha huwa marefu zaidi, matarajio ya maisha ya walio wadogo kiumri hupungua sana hasa ikilinganishwa na jamii kwa jumla.<ref name="pmid12580712"/> Wagonjwa wanaume wana matarajio madogo zaidi ya kuishi ikilinganishwa na wanawake.<ref name="pmid7793228"/><ref name="pmid15883266">{{cite journal |author=Ganguli M, Dodge HH, Shen C, Pandav RS, DeKosky ST |title=Alzheimer disease and mortality: a 15-year epidemiological study |journal=Arch. Neurol. |volume=62 |issue=5 |pages=779–84 |year=2005 |month=Mei |pmid=15883266 |doi=10.1001/archneur.62.5.779 }}</ref> Ugonjwa ni [[Mauti|sababu]] ya kimsingi [[Mauti|ya kifo]] katika 70% ya kesi zote.<ref name="pmid3776457"/> Nimonia na kuishiwa na maji mwilini ni sababu kuu za vifo vya haraka, wakati saratani ni sababu ndogo ya kifo ikilinganishwa na jamii kwa jumla.<ref name="pmid3776457"/><ref name="pmid15883266"/> == Epidemiolojia == Hatua mbili kuu hutumiwa katika masomo ya epidemolojia: matukio na maenezi. Matukio ni idadi ya kesi mpya kwa idadi ya watu -na wakati kuna hatari ya kuambukiza (kwa kawaida idadi ya kesi mpya kwa watu na miaka elfu moja) matukio ya mwezi kwa kila wa elfu-); ilhali maenezi ni jumla ya idadi ya matukio ya ugonjwa kati ya watu wote katika wakati fulani. Kuhusu matukio, masomo ya kilongitudo {{/0} (masomo ambapo kundi la watu wasio na ugonjwa hufuatwa kwa muda) hutoa viwango kati ya miaka 10 na 15 kwa kila watu elfu 5-8 kwa Alzeima,<ref name="pmid17727890">{{cite journal |author=Bermejo-Pareja F, Benito-León J, Vega S, Medrano MJ, Román GC |title=Incidence and subtypes of dementia in three elderly populations of central Spain |journal=J. Neurol. Sci. |volume=264 |issue=1–2 |pages=63–72 |year=2008 |month=Januari |pmid=17727890 |doi=10.1016/j.jns.2007.07.021 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12028245">{{cite journal |author=Di Carlo A, Baldereschi M, Amaducci L, ''et al.'' |title=Incidence of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia in Italy. The ILSA Study |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-american-geriatrics-society_2002-01_50_1/page/41 |journal=J Am Geriatr Soc |volume=50 |issue=1 |pages=41–8 |year=2002 |month=Januari |pmid=12028245 |doi=10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50006.x |last12=Ilsa Working |first12=Group }}</ref> ambayo ina maana kwamba nusu ya kesi za shida ya akili kila mwaka ni za Alzeima. Kuongezeka kwa umri ni sababu ya kimsingi ya kuongezeka kwa hatari ya ugonjwa, na viwango vya matukio si sawa kwa rika zote: kila baada ya miaka mitano baada ya umri wa miaka 65, hatari ya kupata ugonjwa huongezeka takriban maradufu, kuongezeka kutoka 3 hadi 69 kwa kila miaka elfu ya mtu.<ref name="pmid17727890"/><ref name="pmid12028245"/> Pia kuna tofauti za kijinsia katika viwango vya matukio, wanawake huwa na hatari kubwa ya kuugua Alzeima hasa katika idadi ya watu wenye umri zaidi ya 85.<ref name="pmid12028245"/><ref>{{cite journal |author=Andersen K, Launer LJ, Dewey ME, ''et al.'' |title=Gender differences in the incidence of AD and vascular dementia: The EURODEM Studies. EURODEM Incidence Research Group |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurology_1999-12-10_53_9/page/1992 |journal=Neurology |volume=53 |issue=9 |pages=1992–7 |year=1999 |month=Desemba |pmid=10599770 |last12=Martinez-Lage |first12=JM |last13=Stijnen |first13=T |last14=Hofman |first14=A }}</ref> Maenezi ya Alzeima katika watu hutegemea mambo mbalimbali ikiwa ni pamoja na matukio na kuendelea kuishi. Kwa kuwa matukio ya Alzeima yanaongezeka na umri, ni muhimu kujumuisha umri wa watu walio na mvuto. Nchini Marekani, maambukizi ya Alzeima yalikadiriwa kuwa 1.6% mwaka 2000 kwa ujumla na katika umri 65-74, na kuongezeka kwa kiwango cha 19% katika kundi 75-84 na 42% katika kundi waliozidi miaka 84. <ref> 2000 Makadirio ya Marekani: * {{cite journal |author=Hebert LE, Scherr PA, Bienias JL, Bennett DA, Evans DA |title=Alzheimer disease in the US population: prevalence estimates using the 2000 census |journal=Arch. Neurol. |volume=60 |issue=8 |pages=1119–22 |year=2003 |month=Agosti |pmid=12925369 |doi=10.1001/archneur.60.8.1119 }} * {{cite web |title=Profiles of general demographic characteristics, 2000 census of population and housing, United States |year=2001 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2000/dp1/2kh00.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2008-08-27 }} </ref> Uenezi katika sehemu zenye ustawi mdogo ni wa chini. [[Shirika la Afya Duniani|Shirika]] la [[Shirika la Afya Duniani|Afya Ulimwenguni]] lilikadiria kwamba mnamo mwaka 2005, 0.379% ya watu duniani kote walikuwa na shida ya akili, na kwamba kiwango cha maambukizi kitaongezeka kwa 0.441% katika 2015 na 0.556% katika 2030.<ref name="isbn9789241563369">{{cite book | last = World Health Organization | title = Neurological Disorders: Public Health Challenges | publisher = World Health Organization | year = 2006 | location = Switzerland | pages = 204–207 | url = http://www.who.int/mental_health/neurology/neurodiso/en/index.html | isbn = 978-92-4-156336-9 }}</ref> Tafiti zingine zimepata hitimisho sawa.<ref name="pmid16360788">{{cite journal |author=Ferri CP, Prince M, Brayne C, ''et al.'' |title=Global prevalence of dementia: a Delphi consensus study |journal=Lancet |volume=366 |issue=9503 |pages=2112–7 |year=2005 |month=Desemba |pmid=16360788 |pmc=2850264 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67889-0 |url=http://www.sbgg.org.br/profissional/artigos/pdf/demencia_mundo.pdf |accessdate=2008-06-25 |format=PDF |last12=Mathers |first12=C |last13=Menezes |first13=PR |last14=Rimmer |first14=E |last15=Scazufca |first15=M |last16=Alzheimer's Disease |first16=International |archive-date=2008-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080625071754/http://www.sbgg.org.br/profissional/artigos/pdf/demencia_mundo.pdf |dead-url= }}</ref> Utafiti mwingine ulikadiria kwamba mwaka 2006, 0.40% ya idadi ya watu duniani (kati ya % 0.17-0.89; idadi kamili {{Nowrap|26.6 million}}, kati ya {{Nowrap|11.4–59.4 million}} ) walikuwa wameathirika na Alzeima, na kwamba maenezi ya maambukizi yameongezeka mara tatu na idadi kamili ingekuwa mara nne kwa 2050. <ref name="Brookmeyer2007">2006 maambukizi ya makisio: * {{cite journal |author=Brookmeyer R, Johnson E, Ziegler-Graham K, MH Arrighi |title=Forecasting the global burden of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Alzheimer's and Dementia |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=186–91 |year=2007 |month=Julai |doi=10.1016/j.jalz.2007.04.381 |url=http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1022&context=rbrookmeyer |accessdate=2008-06-18 |pmid=19595937 |last1=Brookmeyer |first1=R |last2=Johnson |first2=E |last3=Ziegler-Graham |first3=K |last4=Arrighi |first4=HM |archive-date=2008-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207025403/http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1022&context=rbrookmeyer |dead-url=yes }} * {{cite paper |url=http://un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/WPP2006_Highlights_rev.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2008-08-27 |year=2007 |title=World population prospects: the 2006 revision, highlights |publisher=Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations |version=Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP.202 |journal= |archive-date=2008-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080819191533/http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/WPP2006_Highlights_rev.pdf |dead-url=yes |=https://web.archive.org/web/20080819191533/http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/WPP2006_Highlights_rev.pdf }}</ref> == Historia == [[Picha:Auguste D aus Marktbreit.jpg|thumb|Alois mgonjwa wa Alzeima Auguste Deter katika 1902. Chake ndicho kisa cha kwanza kilichofafanuliwa kwa ugonjwa uliokuja kujulikana kama Alzeima.]] Wanafalsafa na madaktari wa [[Ugiriki ya Kale|Ugiriki]] na [[Roma wa Kale]] walihusisha kuzeeka na kuongezeka kwa dementia.<ref name="pmid9661992">{{cite journal |author=Berchtold NC, Cotman CW |title=Evolution in the conceptualization of dementia and Alzheimer's disease: Greco-Roman period to the 1960s |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurobiology-of-aging_may-june-1998_19_3/page/n6 |journal=Neurobiol. Aging |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=173–89 |year=1998 |pmid=9661992 |doi=10.1016/S0197-4580(98)00052-9 }}</ref> Haikuwa hadi 1901 ndipo 0}mtaalamu wa saikolojia wa Kijerumani { Alois Alzheimer alipotambua kesi ya kwanza ya kile kilichochokuja kujulikana kama ugonjwa wa Alzeima katika mwanamke mwenye umri wa miaka 50 aliyemwita {1}Auguste D. Alzheimer alimfuata hadi alipokufa mnamo 1906, ambapo aliitangaza kesi hiyo hadharani kwa mara ya kwanza. <ref> Auguste D.: * {{ cite journal | author=Alzheimer Alois | title=Über eine eigenartige Erkrankung der Hirnrinde [About a peculiar disease of the cerebral cortex] | journal=Allgemeine Zeitschrift fur Psychiatrie und Psychisch-Gerichtlich Medizin | volume=64 | issue=1–2 | pages=146–148 | year=1907 | language={{de icon}} }} * {{cite journal |author=Alzheimer Alois |title=About a peculiar disease of the cerebral cortex. By Alois Alzheimer, 1907 (Translated by L. Jarvik and H. Greenson) |journal=Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=3–8 |year=1987 |pmid=3331112 }} * {{cite book |author=Maurer Ulrike, Maurer Konrad |title=Alzheimer: the life of a physician and the career of a disease |url=https://archive.org/details/alzheimerlifeofp00maur |publisher=Columbia University Press |location=New York |year=2003 |page=[https://archive.org/details/alzheimerlifeofp00maur/page/270 270] |isbn=0-231-11896-1 |oclc= }} </ref> Katika kipindi cha miaka mitano iliyofuata, kesi sawa kumi na mmoja ziliripotiwa katika maandiko ya matibabu, na baadhi yao yakitumia jina la ugonjwa wa Alzeima kuutaja ugonjwa huo.<ref name="pmid9661992"/> Ugonjwa ulielezewa kama ugonjwa bainifu naye Emil Kraepelin baada ya kuzuia baadhi ya sifa za ugonjwa (upotovu na ndoto) na za kipatholojia (mabadiliko mkakamo wa ateri) zilizoko katika ripoti ya awali ya Auguste D.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Berrios G E |title=Alzheimer's disease: a conceptual history |journal=Int. J. Ger. Psychiatry |volume=5 |issue= |pages=355–365 |year=1990 |month= |pmid= |doi=10.1002/gps.930050603 }}</ref> Alijumuisha ''ugonjwa wa Alzeima,'' pia uiutwaodementiaya ''kabla ya udhoofu'' naye Kraepelin, kama aina ya ''shida ya akili ya udhoofu'' katika toleo la nane ya ''kitabu'' chake ''cha Saikayatria,'' kilichochapishwa mwaka 1910.<ref name="isbn1-4325-0833-4">{{cite book |author=Kraepelin Emil, Diefendorf A. Ross (translated by) |title=Clinical Psychiatry: A Textbook For Students And Physicians (Reprint) |url=https://archive.org/details/clinicalpsychiat0000emil |publisher=Kessinger Publishing |date=2007-01-17 |page=[https://archive.org/details/clinicalpsychiat0000emil/page/568 568] |isbn=1-4325-0833-4 |oclc= }}</ref> Kwa sehemu kubwa ya karne ya 20, utambuzi wa ugonjwa wa Alzeima ulikuwa miliki ya watu wenye umri kati ya 45 na 65 ambao walionyesha dalili za dementia. Istilahi hii ilipita baada ya 1977, wakati mkutano juu ya Alzeima ulihitimisha kuwa na dalili za kimatibabu na zakipatholojia za dementia za kudhoofika na kabla ya kudhoofika zilikuwa karibu sawa, ingawa waandishi pia waliongeza hawakuondoa uwezekano wa kuwa yalisababishwa na sababu tofauti.<ref name="isbn0-89004-225-X">{{cite book |author=Katzman Robert, Terry Robert D, Bick Katherine L (editors) |title=Alzheimer's disease: senile dementia and related disorders |url=https://archive.org/details/alzheimersdiseas0000work |publisher=Raven Press |location=New York |year=1978 |page=[https://archive.org/details/alzheimersdiseas0000work/page/594 595] |isbn=0-89004-225-X |oclc= }}</ref> Hii hatimaye ilipelekea utambuzi wa ''ugonjwa wa'' ''Alzeima'' bila kutegemea umri.<ref name="pmid9702682">{{cite journal |author=Boller F, Forbes MM |title=History of dementia and dementia in history: an overview |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-neurological-sciences_1998-06-30_158_2/page/n9 |journal=J. Neurol. Sci. |volume=158 |issue=2 |pages=125–33 |year=1998 |month=Juni |pmid=9702682 |doi=10.1016/S0022-510X(98)00128-2 }}</ref> Jina '' dementia ya kudhoofika ya Alzeima '' (SDAT) lilitumika kwa muda kuelezea hali ya watu wa zaidi ya miaka 65, huku ugonjwa wa Alzeima ukitumika kuwaelezea wale waliokuwa na umri wa chini. Hatimaye, jina Alzeima lilichukuliwa rasmi katika utaratibu wa majina ya matibabu ya kuwaelezea watu wa umri wowote wenye sampuli sawa ya dalili mfano tabia, mkondo wa ugonjwa, na neuropatholojia.<ref name="pmid3531918">{{cite journal |author=Amaducci LA, Rocca WA, Schoenberg BS |title=Origin of the distinction between Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia: how history can clarify nosology |journal=Neurology |volume=36 |issue=11 |pages=1497–9 |year=1986 |month=Novemba |pmid=3531918 }}</ref> == Jamii na utamaduni == === Gharama za kijamii === Shida ya akili, na hasa ya ugonjwa wa Alzeima, inaweza kuwa kati ya magonjwa yenye gharama kubwa kwa jamii katika Ulaya na Marekani,<ref name="pmid15685097"/><ref name="pmid9543467"/> wakati gharama zao katika nchi nyingine kama vile [[Argentina|Ajentina]],<ref name="pmid16870037">{{cite journal |author=Allegri RF, Butman J, Arizaga RL, ''et al.'' |title=Economic impact of dementia in developing countries: an evaluation of costs of Alzheimer-type dementia in Argentina |url=https://archive.org/details/international-psychogeriatrics_2007-08_19_4/page/705 |journal=Int Psychogeriatr |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=705–18 |year=2007 |month=Agosti |pmid=16870037 |doi=10.1017/S1041610206003784 }}</ref> au [[Korea Kusini]],<ref name="pmid16858741">{{cite journal |author=Suh GH, Knapp M, Kang CJ |title=The economic costs of dementia in Korea, 2002 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-geriatric-psychiatry_2006-08_21_8/page/722 |journal=Int J Geriatr Psychiatry |volume=21 |issue=8 |pages=722–8 |year=2006 |month=Agosti |pmid=16858741 |doi=10.1002/gps.1552 }}</ref> pia inazidi kupanda. Gharama hizi pengine zitaongezeka sambamba na kuzeeka kwa jamii, na hivyo kuwa tatizo kuu katika kijamii. Gharama zinazohusiana na Alzeima ni pamoja na gharama za matibabu ya moja kwa moja kama vile huduma ya nyumba za uuguzi, gharama za moja kwa moja zisizo za matibabu kama vile katika huduma ya mchana ya nyumbani, gharama zisizo za moja kwa moja kama vile kupoteza uzalishaji wa mgonjwa na mtunzaji.<ref name="pmid9543467"/> Hesabu inatofautiana kati ya tafiti lakini gharama ya dementia duniani kote imekadiriwa karibu $ bilioni 160,<ref name="pmid16401889">{{cite journal |author=Wimo A, Jonsson L, Winblad B |title=An estimate of the worldwide prevalence and direct costs of dementia in 2003 |journal=Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=175–81 |year=2006 |pmid=16401889 |doi=10.1159/000090733 }}</ref>wakati gharama ya Alzeima nchini Marekani inaweza kuwa $ bilioni 100 kila mwaka.<ref name="pmid9543467"/> Asili kubwa zaidi ya gharama kwa jamii ni huduma ya muda mrefu kutoka kwa wataalamu wa huduma ya afya na hasa kuwekwa kwenye taasisi, ambazo zinahusiana na 2/3 ya jumla ya gharama kwa jamii.<ref name="pmid15685097"/> Gharama za maisha nyumbani pia ni za juu sana,<ref name="pmid15685097"/> hasa wakati gharama rasmi kwa familia zinapojumuishwa, kama vile ulezi, mapato yaliyopotezwa na mtunzaji.<ref name="pmid11445614">{{cite journal |author=Moore MJ, Zhu CW, Clipp EC |title=Informal costs of dementia care: estimates from the National Longitudinal Caregiver Study |journal=J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci |volume=56 |issue=4 |pages=S219–28 |year=2001 |month=Julai |pmid=11445614 }}</ref> Gharama huongezeka na kuongezeka kwa dementia na kuwepo kwa shida za kitabia,<ref name="pmid16676288">{{cite journal |author=Jönsson L, Eriksdotter Jönhagen M, Kilander L, ''et al.'' |title=Determinants of costs of care for patients with Alzheimer's disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-geriatric-psychiatry_2006-05_21_5/page/449 |journal=Int J Geriatr Psychiatry |volume=21 |issue=5 |pages=449–59 |year=2006 |month=Mei |pmid=16676288 |doi=10.1002/gps.1489 }}</ref> na inahusiana na kuongezeka kwa muda unaohitajika wa utunzaji ya kimwili.<ref name="pmid11445614"/> Kwa hiyo tiba yoyote ambayo kwamba inapunguza kupotea kwa utambuzi, inayochelewesha kuwekwa kwenye taasisi au inayopunguza masaa ya mtunzaji yana faida za kiuchumi. Tathmini kiuchumi za matibabu ya sasa yameonyesha matokeo mazuri.<ref name="pmid9543467"/> === Mzigo wa utunzaji === Wajibu wa mtunzaji mkuu mara nyingi huchukuliwa na mke au jamaa wa karibu.<ref name="metlife.com"/> Ugonjwa wa Alzeima unajulikana kwa kuweka mzigo mkubwa juu ya walezi ambao ni pamoja na wa kisaikolojia, kimwili au hali ya kiuchumi.<ref name="pmid17662119"/><ref name="pmid10489656"/><ref name="pmid10489657">{{cite journal |author=Murray J, Schneider J, Banerjee S, Mann A |title=EUROCARE: a cross-national study of co-resident spouse carers for people with Alzheimer's disease: II—A qualitative analysis of the experience of caregiving |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-geriatric-psychiatry_1999-08_14_8/page/662 |journal=Int J Geriatr Psychiatry |volume=14 |issue=8 |pages=662–7 |year=1999 |month=Agosti |pmid=10489657 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(199908)14:8<662::AID-GPS993>3.0.CO;2-4 }}</ref> Hudumaza nyumbani hupendelewa kwa kawaida na wagonjwa na familia.<ref name="pmid18044111">{{cite journal |author=Zhu CW, Sano M |title=Economic considerations in the management of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Clin Interv Aging |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=143–54 |year=2006 |pmid=18044111 |doi=10.2147/ciia.2006.1.2.143 |pmc=2695165 }}</ref> Fursa hii pia huchelewesha au hupunguza haja ya huduma za kitaalamu zaidi na viwango vya gharama kubwa za matibabu.<ref name="pmid18044111"/><ref>{{cite journal |author=Gaugler JE, Kane RL, Kane RA, Newcomer R |title=Early community-based service utilization and its effects on institutionalization in dementia caregiving |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_gerontologist_2005-04_45_2/page/177 |journal=Gerontologist |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=177–85 |year=2005 |month=Aprili |pmid=15799982 }}</ref> Hata hivyo, theluthi mbili ya wakazi wa nyumba ya uuguzi ni wagonjwa wa akili.<ref name="pracGuideAPA"/> Watunzaji wa dementia/0} wanaathiriwa na kiwango cha juu cha matatizo ya [[kiakili]] na kimwili.<ref name="pmid12480441">{{cite journal |author=Ritchie K, Lovestone S |title=The dementias |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_2002-11-30_360_9347/page/1758 |journal=Lancet |volume=360 |issue=9347 |pages=1759–66 |year=2002 |month=Novemba |pmid=12480441 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11667-9 }}</ref> Mambo yanayohusiana na matatizo zaidi ya kisaikolojia ya watunzaji wa kimsingi ni pamoja na watunzaji na mtu aliyeathirika nyumbani, na mtunzaji kuwa mumewe au mkewe, tabia za mgonjwa kama vile huzuni, usumbufu wa kitabia, ndoto, matatizo ya kulala au matatizo ya kutembea na kutengwa kijamii.<ref name="pmid2241719">{{cite journal |author=Brodaty H, Hadzi-Pavlovic D |title=Psychosocial effects on carers of living with persons with dementia |journal=Aust N Z J Psychiatry |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=351–61 |year=1990 |month=Septemba |pmid=2241719 |doi=10.3109/00048679009077702 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9646153">{{cite journal |author=Donaldson C, Tarrier N, Burns A |title=Determinants of carer stress in Alzheimer's disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-geriatric-psychiatry_1998-04_13_4/page/248 |journal=Int J Geriatr Psychiatry |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=248–56 |year=1998 |month=Aprili |pmid=9646153 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(199804)13:4<248::AID-GPS770>3.0.CO;2-0 }}</ref> Kuhusu matatizo ya kiuchumi, watunzaji wa familia mara nyingi huacha masaa ya kazi na kutumia kwa wastani masaa 47 kwa wiki kumshughulikia mtu aliye na Alzeima, wakati gharama za kuwatunza ziko juu. Gharama moja kwa moja na zisizo za moja kwa moja za kuhudumia wagonjwa wa Alzeima kwa kadri ni kati ya $ 18,000 na $ 77,500 kwa mwaka katika nchi ya Marekani, kulingana na utafiti. Matibabu ya tabia za utambuzi na mafundisho ya mikakati ya kukabiliana aitha mmoja mmoja au katika vikundi imeonyesha ufanisi katika kuboresha afya ya kisaikolojia ya walezi.<ref name="pmid17662119"/><ref name="pmid11511058">{{cite journal |author=Pusey H, Richards D |title=A systematic review of the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for carers of people with dementia |url=https://archive.org/details/aging-mental-health_2001-05_5_2/page/107 |journal=Aging Ment Health |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=107–19 |year=2001 |month=Mei |pmid=11511058 |doi=10.1080/13607860120038302 }}</ref> === Kesi zinazotambulika === [[Picha:President Ronald Reagan with Charlton Heston at a Meeting with The Presidential Task Force on The Arts and Humanities in Cabinet Room - DPLA - 47b9185ffd7680d8f23ce4d9fe269696.jpg|thumb|Charlton Heston na Ronald Reagan katika mkutano katika White House. Wote wawili baadaye walishikwa.]] Kwa kuwa ugonjwa wa Alzeima unapatikana sana, kuna watu wengi maarufu ambao wameathiriwa nao. Mifano maarufu ni pamoja Rais wa zamani wa Marekani [[Ronald Reagan]] na mwandishi wa Ayalandi Iris Murdoch, ambao wote walikuwa katika makala za kisayansi zikichunguza jinsi uwezo wao wa utambuzi ulivyoshushwa na ugonjwa huo.<ref name="pmid15574466">{{cite journal |author=Garrard P, Maloney LM, Hodges JR, Patterson K |title=[http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/128/2/250 The effects of very early Alzheimer's disease on the characteristics of writing by a renowned author] |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_brain_2005-02_128_2/page/250 |journal=Brain |volume=128 |issue=Pt 2 |pages=250–60 |year=2005 |month=Februari |pmid=15574466 |doi=10.1093/brain/awh341 }}</ref><ref name="pmid15461232">{{cite journal |author=Sherman FT |title=[http://www.modernmedicine.com/modernmedicine/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=121676 Did President Reagan have mild cognitive impairment while in office? Living longer with Alzheimer's Disease] |journal=Geriatrics |volume=59 |issue=9 |pages=11, 15 |year=2004 |month=Septemba |pmid=15461232 }}</ref><ref name="pmid15788549">{{cite journal |author=Venneri A, Forbes-Mckay KE, Shanks MF |title=Impoverishment of spontaneous language and the prediction of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Brain |volume=128 |issue=Pt 4 |pages=E27 |year=2005 |month=Aprili |pmid=15788549 |doi=10.1093/brain/awh419 |url= }}</ref> Kesi nyingine ni pamoja na mwanakandanda mstaafu Ferenc Puskas,<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/6155766.stm |title=Hungary legend Puskas dies at 79 |publisher=BBC News |date=2006-11-17 |accessdate=2008-01-25}} </ref> na waliokuwa Maziri Wakuu Harold Wilson (Uingereza) na Adolfo Suárez [[Hispania|(Uhispania)]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/harold-wilson |title=Prime Ministers in History: Harold Wilson |publisher=10 Downing Street |location=London |accessdate=2008-08-18 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211328/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/harold-wilson |archivedate=2008-08-25 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.elpais.com/articulo/espana/padre/reconocio/Rey/noto/carino/elpepiesp/20080718elpepinac_11/Tes |title=Mi padre no reconoció al Rey pero notó el cariño |publisher=El País |location=Madrid |year=2008 |accessdate=2008-10-01 }}</ref> na mwigizaji Rita Hayworth,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.alz.org/galas/Rita/overview.asp |title=Chicago Rita Hayworth Gala |publisher=Alzheimer's Association |year=2007 |accessdate=2010-02-03 }} </ref> mwigizaji Charlton Heston,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archives.cnn.com/2002/US/08/09/heston.illness/ |title=Charlton Heston has Alzheimer's symptoms |publisher=CNN |date=2002-08-09 |accessdate=2008-01-25 |archivedate=2008-02-01 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080201123928/http://archives.cnn.com/2002/US/08/09/heston.illness/ }}</ref> na mwandishi wa riwaya Terry Pratchett,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2007/dec/12/news.michellepauli1 |author=Pauli Michelle |title=Pratchett announces he has Alzheimer's |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=2007-12-12 |accessdate=2008-08-18 | location=London}}</ref> na mshindi wa 2009 wa [[Tuzo ya Nobeli|Tuzo]] la [[Tuzo ya Nobeli|Nobel]] katika Fizikia Charles K. Kao.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.straitstimes.com/Breaking%2BNews/Asia/Story/STIStory_439665.html |title=Nobel Prize Winner has Alzheimer's |publisher=The Straits Times |date=2009-10-08 |accessdate=2009-10-09 }}</ref> Alzeima pia imeweza kuonyeshwa katika filamu kama vile: ''Iris'' (2001),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0280778/ |title=Iris |date=2002-01-18 |publisher=IMDB |accessdate=2008-01-24}}</ref> iliyo na asili yake katika kumbukumbu zake John Bayley za mke wake Iris Murdoch,<ref>{{cite book |title=Iris: a memoir of Iris Murdoch |author=Bayley John |publisher=Abacus |location=London |year=2000 |isbn=9780349112152 |oclc=41960006 }}</ref> ''Daftari'' ya (2004),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0332280/ |title=The notebook |publisher=IMDB |accessdate=2008-02-22}}</ref> iliyo na msingi wake katika riwaya ya jina kama hilo ya Nicholas Sparks ya 1996<ref>{{cite book |title=The notebook |url=https://archive.org/details/notebook00spar_1 |author=Sparks Nicholas |year=1996 |publisher=Thorndike Press |location=Thorndike, Maine |page=[https://archive.org/details/notebook00spar_1/page/268 268] |isbn=078620821X }} </ref> ''Muda wa kumbuka'' (2004); ''Thanmathra'' (2005),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.webindia123.com/movie/regional/thanmatra/index.htm |title=Thanmathra |publisher=Webindia123.com |accessdate=2008-01-24}} </ref> ''Kumbukumbu ya Kesho (Ashita no Kioku)'' (2006 ), <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0494640/ |title=Ashita no kioku |originallanguage={{jp icon}} |publisher=IMDB |accessdate=2008-01-24}}</ref> msingi wake ukiwa riwaya ya Ogiwara Hiroshi ya jina kama hilo, <ref>{{cite book |author=Ogiwara Hiroshi |year=2004 |title=Ashita no Kioku |url=https://archive.org/details/ashitanokioku0000ogiw |location=Tōkyō |publisher=Kōbunsha |isbn=9784334924461 |oclc=57352130 |language={{jp icon}} |isbn-status=Mei be invalid – please double check }}</ref> ''Mbali kutoka kwake'' (2006), msingi wake ukiwa ni hadithi fupi ya Alice Munro "Dubu alikuja juu ya mlima"."The Bear Came over the Mountain".<ref>{{cite book |title=[[Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship, Marriage|Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship, Marriage: Stories]] |author=Munro Alice |location=New York |publisher=A.A. Knopf |year=2001 |isbn=9780375413001 |oclc=46929223 |chapter-url=The bear came over the mountain}}</ref> Kumbukumbu juu ya ugonjwa Alzeima ni pamoja na ''Malcolm na Barbara: Hadithi ya Mapenzi'' (1999) na ''Malcolm na Barbara: Upendo wa Wasalaam'' (2007), zote zikiwashirikisha Malcolm Pointon. <ref>Malcolm na Barbara: * {{cite web |url=http://www.dfgdocs.com/Directory/Titles/700.aspx |title=Malcolm and Barbara: A love story |publisher=Dfgdocs |accessdate=2008-01-24 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080524213821/http://www.dfgdocs.com/Directory/Titles/700.aspx |archivedate=2008-05-24 |=https://web.archive.org/web/20080524213821/http://www.dfgdocs.com/Directory/Titles/700.aspx }} * {{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/cambridgeshire/content/articles/2007/08/06/pointon_audio_feature.shtml |title=Malcolm and Barbara: A love story |publisher=BBC Cambridgeshire |accessdate=2008-03-02 }} * {{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2007/aug/07/broadcasting.itv |title=Alzheimer's film-maker to face ITV lawyers |publisher=Guardian Media |date=2007-08-07 |accessdate=2008-01-24 |location=London |first=John |last=Plunkett }}</ref> == Mkondo wa Utafiti == Mnamo 2008, usalama na ufanifu wa zaidi ya dawa za matibabu 400 ulifanyiwa uchunguzi katika utafiti wa kimatibabu ulimwenguni kote, na karibu nusu ya michanganyiko hiyo iko katika awamu ya ya III; majaribio ya hatua ya mwisho kabla ya kupitia kwa vyombo vya udhibiti viwango.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=alzheimer |title= Clinical Trials. Found 459 studies with search of: alzheimer |accessdate= 2008-03-23 |publisher= US National Institutes of Health }}</ref> Eneo moja la utafiti wa kliniki limetilia makini katika kutibu sababu za kimsingi za ugonjwa. Kupunguza viwango vya Amiloidi beta ni lengo la kawaida la michanganyiko<ref> {{cite journal |author=Lashuel HA, Hartley DM, Balakhaneh D, Aggarwal A, Teichberg S, [[David J E Callaway|Callaway DJE]] |title=New class of inhibitors of [[Beta amyloid|amyloid-beta]] fibril formation. Implications for the mechanism of pathogenesis in Alzheimer's disease |url=http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/abstract/277/45/42881 |journal=[[Journal of Biological Chemistry|J Biol Chem]] |year=2002 |volume=277 |pages=42881–42890 |pmid=12167652 |doi=10.1074/jbc.M206593200 |issue=45 }}</ref> (kama vile apomofini) inayofanyiwa uchunguzi. Tiba ya kuzuia au chanjo dhidi ya protini ya amiloidi ni moja matibabu yaliyo chini ya masomo ya kielelezo.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Dodel r, Neff F, Noelker C, Pul R, Du Y, Bacher M Oertel W. |title=Intravenous Immunoglobulins as a Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease: Rationale and Current Evidence |url=http://adisonline.com/drugs/Abstract/2010/70050/Intravenous_Immunoglobulins_as_a_Treatment_for.1.aspx |journal=Drugs |year=2010 |volume=70 |pages=513–528 |pmid=20329802 |doi=10.2165/11533070-000000000-00000 |issue=5 |access-date=2010-10-18 |archive-date=2011-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917191608/http://adisonline.com/drugs/Abstract/2010/70050/Intravenous_Immunoglobulins_as_a_Treatment_for.1.aspx |dead-url=yes |=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917191608/http://adisonline.com/drugs/Abstract/2010/70050/Intravenous_Immunoglobulins_as_a_Treatment_for.1.aspx }}</ref> Tofauti na chanjo ya kuzuia, tiba iliyodhaniwa itakuwa ikitumika kutibu watu ambao tayari wametambuliwa. Msingi wake ni dhana ya mafunzo kwa mfumo wa kinga ya kutambua, mashambulizi, na kurejesha nyuma utuaji wa amiloidi, hivyo Kubadili mwenendo wa ugonjwa huo.<ref>Kutoa Chanjo: * {{cite journal |author=Hawkes CA, McLaurin J |title=Immunotherapy as treatment for Alzheimer's disease |journal=Expert Rev Neurother |volume=7 |issue=11 |pages=1535–48 |year=2007 |month=Novemba |pmid=17997702 |doi=10.1586/14737175.7.11.1535 }} * {{cite journal |author=Solomon B |title=Clinical immunologic approaches for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Expert Opin Investig Drugs |volume=16 |issue=6 |pages=819–28 |year=2007 |month=Juni |pmid=17501694 |doi=10.1517/13543784.16.6.819 }} * {{cite journal |author=Woodhouse A, Dickson TC, Vickers JC |title=Vaccination strategies for Alzheimer's disease: A new hope? |journal=Drugs Aging |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=107–19 |year=2007 |pmid=17313199 |doi=10.2165/00002512-200724020-00003 }}</ref> Mfano wa chanjo hiyo iliyokuwa ikifanyiwa uchunguzi ni ACC-001,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00498602 |title = Study Evaluating ACC-001 in Mild to Moderate Alzheimers Disease Subjects |work = Clinical Trial |publisher =US National Institutes of Health |accessdate=2008-06-05 |date = 2008-03-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00479557 |title=Study Evaluating Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of ACC-001 in Subjects With Alzheimer's Disease |publisher=US National Institutes of Health |accessdate=2008-06-05 }}</ref> ingawa majaribio yalisitishwa katika 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.medpagetoday.com/MeetingCoverage/AAN/tb/9165 |title = Alzheimer's Disease Vaccine Trial Suspended on Safety Concern |publisher =Medpage Today |accessdate=2008-06-14 |date = 2008-04-18}}</ref> Kiungo kmwingine sawa na hiyo ni bapineuzumab, zindiko iliyoundwa ili kufanana na zindiko iliyo dhidi ya amiloidi inayopatikana kiasili mwilini.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00574132 |title= Bapineuzumab in Patients With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease/ Apo_e4 non-carriers |work = Clinical Trial |accessdate=2008-03-23 |publisher= US National Institutes of Health |date= 2008-02-29 }}</ref> Njia nyingine ni wakala wa kukinga akili kama ,vile AL-108,<ref>{{cite web |url = http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00422981 |title = Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy Study to Evaluate Subjects With Mild Cognitive Impairment |work = Clinical Trial |accessdate=2008-03-23 |publisher= US National Institutes of Health |date = 2008-03-11 }}</ref> na viungo vya kuzuia mwingiliano wa protini na chuma, kama vile PBT2.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00471211 |title = Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of PBT2 in Patients With Early Alzheimer's Disease |work = Clinical Trial |accessdate=2008-03-23 |publisher= US National Institutes of Health |date = 2008-01-13 }}</ref> Kipokezi cha TNFα protini ya uyeunganishaji , etanercept imeonyesha matokeo ya kutia moyo.<ref name="pmid16926764">[629] ^utafiti wa Etanercept : ** {{cite journal |author=Tobinick E, Gross H, Weinberger A, Cohen H |title=TNF-alpha modulation for treatment of Alzheimer's disease: a 6-month pilot study |journal=MedGenMed |volume=8 |issue=2 |page=25 |year=2006 |pmid=16926764 |pmc=1785182 }} ** {{cite journal |author=Griffin WS |title=Perispinal etanercept: potential as an Alzheimer therapeutic |journal=J Neuroinflammation |volume=5 |page=3 |year=2008 |pmid=18186919 |pmc=2241592 |doi=10.1186/1742-2094-5-3 }} ** {{cite journal |author=Tobinick E |title=Perispinal etanercept for treatment of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Curr Alzheimer Res |volume=4 |issue=5 |pages=550–2 |year=2007 |month=Desemba |pmid=18220520 |doi=10.2174/156720507783018217 }}</ref> Katika 2008, majaribio mawili tofauti ya kimatibabu yalionyesha matokeo mazuri katika kubadilisha mwenendo wa ugonjwa wa Alzeima ya kiwango kidogo au cha kadri kwa kutumia methilithioniniamu kloridi (ijulikanayo kibiashara kama ''rember'' ), dawa izuiayo mrundiko wa tau, <ref>{{cite journal |title=Tau aggregation inhibitor (TAI) therapy with remberTM arrests disease progression in mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease over 50 weeks |author=Wischik Claude M, Bentham Peter, Wischik Damon J, Seng Kwang Meng |journal=Alzheimer's & Dementia |publisher=Alzheimer's Association |year=2008 |month=Julai |volume=4 |issue=4 |page=T167 |url=http://www.abstractsonline.com/viewer/viewAbstractPrintFriendly.asp?CKey={E7C717CF-8D73-41E0-8DB0-FA92205978CD}&SKey={68E04DB5-AB1C-4F7B-9511-DA3173F4F755}&MKey={CFC5F7C6-CB6A-40C4-BC87-B30C9E64B1CC}&AKey={50E1744A-0C52-45B2-BF85-2A798BF24E02} |accessdate=2008-07-30 |doi=10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.438 }}</ref> <ref> {{cite journal |author=Harrington Charles, Rickard Janet E, Horsley David, ''et al.'' |title=Methylthioninium chloride (MTC) acts as a Tau aggregation inhibitor (TAI) in a cellular model and reverses Tau pathology in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease |journal=Alzheimer's & Dementia |publisher=Alzheimer's Association |year=2008 |month=Julai |pages=T120–T121 |doi=10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.259 |volume=4 }}</ref> na dimebon, ni kimaliza kemikali za mzio.<ref name="pmid18640457">{{cite journal |author=Doody RS, Gavrilova SI, Sano M, ''et al.'' |title=Effect of dimebon on cognition, activities of daily living, behaviour, and global function in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study |journal=Lancet |volume=372 |issue=9634 |pages=207–15 |year=2008 |month=Julai |pmid=18640457 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61074-0 }}</ref> Awamu ya III ya mfululizo ya majaribio ya Dimebon ilishindwa kuonyesha athari chanya katika sehemu za mwisho za msingi na za upili.<ref> [http://www.alzforum.org/new/detail.asp?id=2387 Dimebon yavunja moyo katika majaribio ya Awamu ya 3]</ref> Uwezekano wa kwamba Alzeima inaweza kutibiwa na dawa kinzavirusi unatolewa na utafiti kuonyesha kuwa pamoja kwa malengelenge ya virusi vya vidonda mwilini na utando wa amiloidi.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Wozniak M, Mee A, Itzhaki R |title=Herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA is located within Alzheimer's disease amyloid plaques |journal=J Pathol |volume=217 |issue=1 |pages=131–138 |year=2008 |pmid=18973185 |doi=10.1002/path.2449}}</ref> Utafiti wa awali wa athari za tiba katika kurejesha kumbukumbu na uwezo wa kutambua umekuwa wa kutia moyo. Upungufu wa utafiti huu unaweza kushughulikiwa katika utafiti wa baadaye kwa uchambuzi wa kina zaidi.<ref>{{cite journal |pages=517–26 |last1=Newberg |first1=AB |issue=2 |last2=Wintering |first2=N |last3=Khalsa |first3=DS |last4=Roggenkamp |first4=H |last5=Waldman |first5=MR |author8=Newberg AB, Wintering N, Khalsa DS, Roggenkamp H, Waldman MR |volume=20 |title=Meditation effects on cognitive function and cerebral blood flow in subjects with memory loss: a preliminary study |year=2010 |journal=[[Journal of Alzheimer's Disease]] |url=http://www.j-alz.com/issues/20/vol20-2.html |pmid=20164557 |doi=10.3233/JAD-2010-1391 |doi_brokendate=2010-08-25 |archive-date=2010-10-07 |access-date=2010-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007041817/http://j-alz.com/issues/20/vol20-2.html |url-status=dead }} (Asili ya msingi)</ref> == Tanbihi == {{Marejeo|colwidth=30em}} == Marejeo == * {{cite book | title=Alzheimer's Disease: Unraveling the Mystery | url=http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/Publications/UnravelingTheMystery | publisher=US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Aging, NIH | year=2008 }} * {{cite book |url=http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/Publications/ADPrevented/ |title=Can Alzheimer's Disease Be Prevented? |publisher=US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Aging, NIH |year=2009 }} * {{cite book | title=Caring for a Person with Alzheimer's Disease: Your Easy-to-Use Guide from the National Institute on Aging | url=http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/Publications/CaringAD/ | publisher=US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Aging, NIH | year=2009 }} * {{cite journal |author=Cummings JL, Frank JC, Cherry D, Kohatsu ND, Kemp B, Hewett L, Mittman B |title=Guidelines for managing Alzheimer's disease: Part&nbsp;I. Assessment |journal=American Family Physician |volume=65 |issue=11 |pages=2263–2272 |year=2002 |pmid=12074525 |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/20020601/2263.html }} * {{cite journal |author= Cummings JL, Frank JC, Cherry D, Kohatsu ND, Kemp B, Hewett L, Mittman B |title=Guidelines for managing Alzheimer's disease: Part&nbsp;II. Treatment |journal=American Family Physician |volume=65 |issue=12 |pages=2525–2534 |year=2002 |pmid=12086242 |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/20020615/2525.html }} * {{cite web | title=Alzheimer's Behavior Management: Learn to manage common behavior problems | url=http://www.helpguide.org/elder/alzheimers_behavior_problems.htm | author=Russell D, Barston S, White M | publisher=helpguide.org | date=2007-12-19 | accessdate=2008-02-29 }} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|Alzheimer's disease}} * '''''(en)''''' [http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/ResearchInformation/ResearchCenters/ Vituo vya Ugonjwa wa Alzeima (AlzeimaCs)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/ResearchInformation/ResearchCenters/ |date=20100604070324 }} * '''''(en)''''' [http://www.nia.nih.gov/alzheimers Kituo cha Elimu na Malazi cha Ugojwa wa Alzeima (AlzeimaEAR) ] * '''''(en)''''' [http://www.alz.org/index.asp Chama cha Alzeima] {{Wayback|url=http://www.alz.org/index.asp |date=20120730181212 }} * '''''(en)''''' [http://memory.ucsf.edu/ Kituo cha Kuzeeka na Kumbukumbu UCSF] {{DEFAULTSORT:Alzeima}} [[Jamii:Maradhi ya ubongo]] [[Jamii:Maradhi ya uzee]] 94uwpwelym2vaxhjmbn76u3o59mbpw6 0 55455 1612548 1609632 2026-11-02T10:44:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612548 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Kiwango shikizi cha metaboli msingi (BMR),''' na karibu kuhusiana na kupumzika kiwango kwa metaboli (RMR), ni kiasi cha nguvu inayotolewa wakati wa mapumziko, kwa sifa na mazingira isiyo na sifa zinazobainikana inaweza kufyonza hali(wastani yakamba utaratibu wa mfumo wa kumeng'enyo) ambayo unahitaji muda wa saa kumi na mbili ya masaa kufunga kwa binadamu). Utoaji wa nguvu wa hali thabiti unatosha utendakazi mwema wa viungo muhimu vya mwili kama vile moyo, pafu, figo na pia mfumo wa neva,maini,pafu,viungo vya siri, misuli na ngozi. Kiwango Shikizi cha Metaboli (BMR)hupungua kwa umri na kielezo cha uzani wa mwili. Kuongeza kielezo cha uzani wa misuli huongeza Kiwango shikizi cha Metaboli (BMR)enye kutaka oksijeni ya uzima wa hali ya juu ni Zao la mazoezi ya moyo na mishipa. Hapo mbeleni ilifikiliwa kuwa na athari kwa kiwango shinikizi cha metaboli (BMR)imeonyeshwa mwaka wa elfu moja mia tisa tisini na hai 'correlate' na Kiwango shikizi cha metaboli(BMR)ambapo mafuta ya uzito wa mwili yasiyo na kipimo ilirekebishwa. utafiti mpya ni mwanga wa maoni ya anaerobi yenye kuhitaji mazoezi inayoongeza upumzikaji,nguvu na utumizi.(enye kutaka oksijeni vs.ya mazoezi ya anaerobi) Ugonjwa, Awali zinazotumiwa chakula na vinywaji, joto ya mazingira,na dhiki,ngazi inaweza kuathiri moja ya jumla ya matumizi ya nishati kama vile kiwango shikizi cha metaboli (BMR). Kiwango shikizi cha metaboli(BMR),ni kipimo ambacho kiko katika hali ya kuwa restriktiv Katika hali ya kawaida ya mtu anapoamka Kiwango shikizi cha metaboli (BMR)Sahihi,kinahitaji mfumo wa neva wa simpathetiki usio changamsha. Hali kama hiyo ambayo sharti ni kwamba ya mapumziko kamili. sababu ya kawaida na kuhusiana na kipimo zaidi, inatumiwa chini ya ratiba ya pumziko shikizi cha metaboli (RMR) Kiwango shikizi cha metaboli (BMR) na Pumziko shikizi cha metaboli(RMR), inapimwa na uchambuzi wa gesi kupitia njia ya moja kwa moja au isiyo ya moja kwa moja wa upimaji joto na inaweza patikana kupitia mlingano wa umri,ngono,urefu na uzito Utafiti wa nguvu za umetaboli kwa kutmia jinsia zote mbili inawasilisha uhalali wa ushahidi wa kihisia au wa kijumuia ya hisia za kiwango cha kupumua(R.Q)inayokipimo cha asili,kompozition na matumizi ya kabohaidreti, mafuta na protini yanapo badilishwa kuwa kitengo cha nguvu cha sabstreti ambazo zinawe kutumiwa na mwili kama nguvu. Utafiti uliofanywa na Spennewyn katika mwaka wa elfu moja tisini na tisa (1990) sifa kubwa ziligunduliwa zilizoambatana kati ya mfuko mzito na umetaboli inayohusishwa na msingi wa uchunguzi jumla wa upimaji joto Spennewyn alingundua yakwamba tishu nyembamba kwa wanaume na wanawake ilihitaji kadirio asilimia kumi na sita kwa kila pauni kwa kila siku. Hivyo basi, uzito mwembamba unapojulikana unaweza kuzindishwa na kumi na sita cha kiasi kinachopendekezwa kila siku cha a kalori,hukubalika kulingana na msingi wa shughuli zinazohusisha uhusianowa mtu binafsi. Njia hii imetumiwa kwa vilabu vya afya, mazingira kwa uamuzi wa kila siku wa matumizi ya kaloric. ==Lishe na malazi Eusebio== Msingi wa kimetaboliki ni kawaida kwa umbali sehemu kubwa ya matumizi yote ya caloric. Hata hivyo, Harris-Benedict mlingano ni takriban na tofauti katika Kiwango shikizi cha metaboli(BMR) Kurudisha,kubadili,(kuonyesha tofauti mwili utungaji), katika ngazi ya shughuli za kimwili, na katika nishati expended katika thermogenesis kufanya ni vigumu makisio ya matumizi ya malazi hasa yoyote mahitaji ya mtu binafsi ili kudumisha uzito wa mwili. ==Fiziolojia== kiwango cha metaboli msingi na lile la kiwango pumziko cha metaboli. Kazi ya awali ya wanasayansi J. Arthur Harrisna Francis G. Benedict ilionyesha kuwa takriban maadili inaweza zalisha ukutumia eneo la mwili (computed kutoka urefu na uzito), umri,{2} na jinsia, pamoja na oksijeni dioksidi ya kaboni kipimo chaupimaji joto. Utafiti unaoyesha kuwa uondoaji wa utafiti wa {2}ambazo kutokea kwa mkusanyiko wa tishu adipose na kuonyesha kiwango cha metaboliki kwa kitengo {2}cha mafuta ya wanyama"au kitengo cha mafuta usio na kipimo au unyororo na uzito wa mwili wa thamani katikati ya m ya maumbile ya kiwangi shikizi cha metaboli {{Citation needed|date=Mei 2008}} ziko sawa Zoezi: fiziolojia, mwongozo wa vitabu vya kiada kadha wa kadha ziko na meza {2)inayonyesha ubadilishanaji{2}urefu na sehemu ya juu ya mwili[1], kama vile zinahusaina na uzito na kiwango metaboli cha thamani[2] Chombo msingi kuwajibika kwa kusimamia kimetaboliki ni haipothalamasi. hypothalamus iko juu ya shina ubongo na aina ya sakafu na sehemu ya kuta imara ya tatu ventrikali ya cerebrum ya. Wakuu wa utendakazi wa haipothalamasi ni: : :#kudhibiti na muungano wa shughuli unaohusisha mifanyiko tofauti ya kifisiolojia wa mfumo neva wa kujiongoza (ANS) :#*ANS inasimamia upungufu wa mnyweo [2]laini na misuli ya moyo, pamoja na majimaji ya viungo vya endokrini nyingi kama vile tezi ya (yanayohusiana na matatizo ya metabolic wengi). :#*Kupitia ans ya, hypothalamus ni mdhibiti mkuu wa shughuli visceral, kama vile kiwango cha moyo, harakati ya chakula kwa kupitia njia ya mfereji wa utumbo, na kupunguza kibofu cha mkojo. :#uzalishaji na kanuni ya hisia za chuki na uadui :#udhibiti wa joto la mwili :#kanuni ya ulaji wa chakula, kupitia vituo mbili: :#*Kituo cha lishe au kituo cha njaa ni jukumu la sensations kuwa sababu sisi kutafuta chakula. Baada ya chakula cha kutosha au substrates kuwa alipokea na leptin ni ya juu, basi satiety kituo ni drivas na zituma msukumo kwa kuzuia kituo cha kula. Wakati chakula haba liko katika tumbo na ghrelin ngazi ya juu kipokezi[1] katika hypothalamus huanzishahisia za njaa. :#*Kituo cha kiu ya kazi [2]vwakati chembe ile ya hypothalamus yana changamshwa na shinikizo la kiosmotiki cha nje ya seli. Kama kiu ni kuridhika, shinikizo la kiosmotiki hupungua. Kwa haya yote kuchukuliwa kwa pamoja kuunda mfumo wa maisha sisi inayotufanya kuendeleza michakato ya mwili kipimo cha Kiwango shikizi cha metaboli (BMR) na Kipimo cha pumziko shikizi cha metaboli (RMR). ===BMR hesabu formula=== Utabiri wa mlingano kadhaa zipo. Kihistoria wengi wa mashuhuri ilikuwa Harris-Benedict equation, ambayo iliundwa 1919. Hapo awali mlingano kutoka Harris na Benedict ni: : :*kwa ajili ya watu, <math>P = \left ( \frac {13.7516 m} {1 ~ \mbox {kg}} + \frac {5.0033 h} {1 ~ \mbox {cm}} - \frac {6.7550 a} {1 ~ \mbox {year}} + 66.4730 \right ) \frac {\mbox {kcal}} {\mbox {day}}</math> :*kwa wanawake, <math>P = \left ( \frac {9.5634 m} {1 ~ \mbox {kg}} + \frac {1.8496 h} {1 ~ \mbox {cm}} - \frac {4.6756 a} {1 ~ \mbox {year}} + 655.0955 \right ) \frac {\mbox {kcal}} {\mbox {day}}</math> ''P'' ambapo ni jumla ya joto uzalishaji katika mapumziko kamili, ''m'' ni uzito, ''h'' ni urefu, ''na'' ni umri, na pamoja na tofauti katika BMR kwa wanaume na wanawake kuwa na hasa kutokana na tofauti katika uzito wa mwili. <ref name="Harris1918">{{cite journal | author = Harris J, Benedict F | title = A Biometric Study of Human Basal Metabolism | journal = Proc Sci U S a | volume = 4 | issue = 12 | pages = 370–3 | year = 1918 | pmid = 16576330 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.4.12.370 | pmc = 1091498 }}</ref> Kwa mfano, mwanamke mwenye umri wa miaka 55 uzito £ 130 (59 kg) na miguu 5 6 inches (168 cm) urefu ingekuwa BMR ya 1272 kcal kwa siku au 53 kcal / h (61.3 Watts). Ni bora utabiri equation hadi 1990, wakati [http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/abstract/51/2/241 MD Mifflin na ST St Jeor] ilianzisha equation: : :*<math>P = \left ( \frac {10.0 m} {1 ~ \mbox {kg}} + \frac {6.25 h} {1 ~ \mbox {cm}} - \frac {5.0 a} {1 ~ \mbox {year}} + s \right ) \frac {\mbox {kcal}} {\mbox {day}},</math> ambapo ''s'' ni 5 kwa wanaume na -161 kwa wanawake. Kwa mujibu wa formula hii, mwanamke katika mfano hapo juu ina BMR ya 1204 kcal kwa siku. Wakati wa mwisho wa miaka 100, maisha yamebadilika na [http://www.adajournal.org/article/PIIS0002822305001495/abstract utafiti wa mwaka 2005] ilionyesha kuwa juu ya 5% sahihi zaidi. formula hazi zinatokana na uzito wa mwili, ambayo haizingatii tofauti katika shughuli ya metaboliki kati ya molekuli nyororo ya mwili na mafuta mwilini. formula zipo zingine ambazo huchukua katika akaunti ya molekuli nyororo ya mwili, pili ambayo ni formula Katch-McArdle, na Cunningham formula. Ikumbukwe, hata hivyo, kwamba formula ya Cunningham hutumiwa kutabiri RMR badala ya BMR. ''' Mfumo Katch-McArdle (BMR):''' : :*P = 370 + \left( {21.6 \cdot LBM} \right) , ambapo ''LBM'' ni uzito wa mwili kwa kilo. <ref name="BFFM">{{cite book | author = Tom Venuto | title = Burn the Fat, Feed the Muscle | year = 2003 | url = http://www.burnthefat.com | isbn = 0-9724132-0-0 }}</ref> Kwa mujibu wa formula hii, kama mwanamke katika mfano na mafuta mwilini asilimia ya 30%, BMR yake itakuwa 1263 kcal kwa siku. ''' Mfumo Cunningham (RMR):''' : :*<math>RMR = 500 + \left( {22 \cdot LBM} \right) ,</math> ambapo ''LBM'' ni konda mwili molekuli kwa kilo Tangu konda mwili molekuli ni metabolicali kazi vs mafuta seli ambayo yanahitaji kalori chache sana kuwa endelevu, formula hizi kuwa na huwa sahihi zaidi, hasa kwa wanariadha ambao juu ya molekuli wastani konda na mafuta kidogo mwili. Kuhesabu mahitaji ya kila siku ya calorie, thamani ya kiwango shikizi cha metaboli (BMR) huzindishwa kwa kipengele thamani ya kati ya 1.2 na 1.9, kwa kutegemea shughuli za ngazi ya mtu. === BMR ya wanyama=== sheria ya Kleiber inahusisha BMR kwa ukubwa wa wanyama tofauti na uchunguzi unaonyesha kwamba BMR ni sawia na 3/ 4 nguvu ya uzito wa molekuli mwilini. Enye damu mot na enya damu baridi na yenye seli moja zinatoshea kwa pingo moja ==Biokemia== {| align="right" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |- ! colspan="2"|Rukwa ya Matumizi ya nishati |- | Ini | 27% |- | Ubongo | 19% |- | [[Moyo]] | 7% |- | Figo | 10% |- | Misuli ya kiunzi cha mifupa | 18% |- | vyombo vingine | 19% |} [[File:Postprandial thermogenesis.png|thumb|Postprandial huongezeka kwa kiwango cha metaboli msingi hutokea katika kiwango tofauti na hutegemea muundo unotumia chakula.]] Kwa ujumla 70% ya matumizi ya binadamu ni kutokana na mchakato wa maisha ndani ya vyombo vya msingi ya mwili (tazama jedwali). Juu ya 20% ya matumizi ya nishati ya mtu hutokana na shughuli za kimwili na zingine% 10 kutoka thermogenesis, au umemeng'ang'anji wa chakula ''(postprandial thermogenesis).'' <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Exercise Physiology|url=https://archive.org/details/exercisephysiolo0002mcar|author=McArdle, William D|edition=2nd edition|date=1986|publisher=Lea & Febigier|location=Philadelphia.}}</ref> Michakato hii yote inahitaji ulaji wa oksijeni pamoja na coenzymes kutoa nisharti kwa ajili ya kuishi (kawaida kutoka macronutrients kama kabohaidreti, mafuta, na protini) na kufukuza kaboni dioksidi, ambayo inaelezewa kwa mzunguko wa Krebs. Nini inayowezesha mzunguko Krebs kufanya mabadiliko metaboliki wa mafuta, kabohaidreti, na protini ni nisharti ambayo inaweza kuelezwa kama uwezo au uwezo wa kufanya kazi. Kuvunjika kwa molekuli kubwa ndani ya molekuli ndogo zinazohusishwa na utoaji wa nishati ukataboli. mchakato mda unajulikana kama Uanaboli Kuvunjika kwa protini ndani ya amino asidi ni mfano wa ukataboli wakati wa uundaji wa protini na amino asidi ni mchakato uanaboli. Exergonic (2)ni nguvu zinaziachilia na kwa ujumla ni unaboli Endergonic (3) huhitaji nguvu pamoja na athari anaboliki na mnyweo wa misuli. Kwa ujumla Kimetaboliki ni catabolic, yenye kuachilia nguvu (exergonic), anabolic reactions, hisia za endergoniki. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) ni molekuli ya kati kuwa anatoa kuhamisha exergonic ya nishati ya kubadili anabolic reactions endergonic kutumika katika contraction misuli. Hii ndio sababu misuli ya kufanya kazi ambayo inaweza kuhitaji kuvunjika, na pia kujenga katika kipindi cha mapumziko, ambayo hutokea wakati wa awamu ya kuimarisha kuhusishwa na mnyweo misuli. ATP inajumuisha adenine, a nitrojeni zenye msingi, ribose, a tano, dioksidi sukari (pamoja inayoitwa triphosphate), na makundi matatu phosphate. ATP ni nguvu za juu za molekuli kwa sababu huweka kiasi kikubwa cha nguvu katika minyororo ya kemikali ya makundi mawili muda ya phosphate. Uvunjikanji wa Minyororo hii ya kemikali katika Mzunguko Krebs hutoa nguvu zinazohitajika kwa kupunguza misuli. ===Glucose=== Kwa sababu ya uwiano wa haidrojeni na atomi oksijeni katika wanga wote daima ni sawa na kuwa katika maji - ambayo ni, 2 1 - wote wa oksijeni zinazotumiwa na seli ni kutumika oxidize ya kaboni katika molekuli ya kabohaidreti kuunda dioksidi kaboni. Kwa Hivyo, wakati wa kukamilisha oxidation ya glucose molekuli, molekuli sita ya dioksidi kaboni zinazozalishwa na molekuli sita za oksijeni zinazotumiwa. Ujumla wa mlingano huu ni: :C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ + 6 O ₂ → 6 CO ₂ + 6 H ₂ O Kwa sababu,kubadilisha gesi katika mmenyuko huu ni sawa, kupumua kwa quotient kabohaidreti ni umoja au 1.0: :RQ = 6 CO ₂ / 6 O ₂ ===Mafuta=== Kemikali kwa ajili ya mafuta hutofautiana kutoka ile ya wanga kwa kuwa mafuta yenye oksijeni ya atomi chache mno kwa uwiano wa atomi ya kaboni na hidrojeni. Wakati hutajwa kwenye lishe, mafuta kwa ujumla hungawanyishwa katika makundi sita, jumla ya mafuta, mafuta ya asidi acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, cholesterol malazi, na fatty acid trans. Kutoka mtazamo wa kiwango shikizi cha metaboli wakati wa kupumzika, nguvu zaidi zinahitajika ili kuchoma mafuta yenye kolozi ya asidi badala ya mafuta yasiyo na kolozi. molekuli yenye mafuta ya asidi, huvunjwa chini na humuishwa kutokana na idadi ya atomi kaboni katika muundo wake Masi. Equation ya kemikali kwa ajili ya kimetaboliki ya atomi dioksidi 12-16 katika molekuli hulowesha mafuta ya asidi inaonyesha tofauti kati ya kimetaboliki ya wanga na mafuta ya asidi. asidi ya kiganja ni mfano mwema wa utafiti wa lowesha wa molekuli ya mafuta ya asidi. Mlingano jumla kwa ajili ya matumizi ya substrate ya asidi ya kiganja ni: :C ₁₆ H ₃₂ O ₂ + 23 O ₂ → 16 CO ₂ + 16 H ₂ O Hivyo RQ kwa asidiya kiganja ni 0.696: :RQ = 16 CO ₂ / 23 O ₂ = 0.696 ===Protini=== Protini inajumuisha na kaboni, kloridi, oksijeni, na nitrojeni hupangwa katika njia mbalimbali ya kuunda amino asidi. Mbali na mafuta ya mwili hakuna uhifadhi wa protini.zote zilizomo katika mwili kama sehemu muhimu ya tishu, homoni ya damu, na Enzymes. Vipengele miundo vya mwili ambavyo vina amino asidi huendelea kufanyiwa mchakato wa kuvunjika na kubadilisha. Quotient ya kupumua kwa kimetaboliki protini inaweza kuonyeshwa kwa mlingano kemikali kwa ajili ya oxidation ya albumin: :C ₇₂ H ₁₈ O ₁₁₂ N ₂₂ S + 77 O ₂ → 63 CO ₂ + 38 H ₂ O + SO ₃ + 9 CO (NH _{2) 2} Ya RQ kwa albumin ni 63 CO ₂ / 77 O ₂ = 0.818 Sababu hii ni muhimu katika mchakato wa protini metaboli ni kwamba mwili unaweza kuchanganya macronutrients ya tatu na ya msingi wiani wa mitochondrial, uwiano hupendelewa, unaweza kuwa imara ambayo huamua jinsi mafuta mengi ambayo itatumika katika pakiti kwa ajili ya kukamilika kazi ya misuli. Ukataboli Protini (kuvunjika) hukadiriwa kuwa ugavi wa 10% hadi 15% ya mahitaji ya jumla ya nguvu wakati wa kikao cha saa mbili ya mafunzo. Hata hivyo, kama vifaa vya misuli ya glycogen ipo chini kutoka vikao vya zoezi hapo awali, kiasi cha nishati inayotokana na catabolism protini inaweza kuongezeka kutoka 15% hadi 45%. Utaratibu wa mchakato huu unaweza kuharibu miundo ya protini zinazohitajika ili kudumisha kuishi kama vile mali yenye kunywea kwa protini ndani ya moyo, mitochondria seli, huhifadhi myoglobin, na Enzymes metabolic ndani ya misuli. Mfumo uoksidishaji (aerobic) ni chanzo msingi cha ATP ambayo husambazwa kwa mwili katika mapumziko na wakati Asili intensty na matumizi ya wanga na mafuta kimsingi kabohaidreti,na mafuta kama sabstrati. Protini si kawaida kugeuswa kwa kiasi kikubwa, ila wakati kikohozi cha muda mrefu wa mazoezi (zaidi kuliko dakika 90.) Wakati wa mapumziko takriban 70% ya ATP zinazozalishwa huchukuliwa kutoka kwa mafuta na 30% kutoka kabohaidreti. Kufuatia mwanzo wa shughuli, kama Kasi ya kuongezeka kwa zoezi, kuna mabadiliko katika substrate upendeleo kutoka mafuta na kabohaidreti. Wakati wa mazoezi ya juu intensity yenya kutaka oksijeni karibu asili 100 ya nguvu hutokana na kabohaidreti kama ugavi wa kutosha unapatikana. ===Zoezi la Aerobic vs anaerobic === Utafiti uliyochapishwa katika mwaka wa 1992 <ref>{{cite journal | author=CE Broeder, KA Burrhus, LS Svanevik and JH Wilmore (1992) | journal=American Journal of Clinical Nutrition | title=The effects of aerobic fitness on resting metabolic rate | url=http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/abstract/55/4/795 | accessdate=2007-11-23 | volume=55 | issue=4 | pages=795 | year=1992 | pmid=1550061}}</ref> na 1997 <ref>{{cite journal | author=D. A. Smith, J. Dollman, R. T. Withers, M. Brinkman, J. P. Keeves, and D. G. Clark(1997) | journal=Journal of Applied Physiology | title=Relationship between maximum aerobic power and resting metabolic rate in young adult women | url=http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/82/1/156 | accessdate=2007-11-23 | volume=82 | issue=1 | pages=156 | year=1997 | pmid=9029211 | archive-date=2007-10-17 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017102432/http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/82/1/156 | dead-url=yes }}</ref> unaonyesha kuwa kiwango cha uzima cha aerobic ya mtu binafsi hakina uhusiano wowote na ngazi ya kupumzika kimetaboliki. Utafiti unaonyesha ya kwamba viwango ambavyo vinahitaji uzima havina uwezo wa kuboresha uingizaji wa mafuta ya molekuli bure kwa ajili ya kupumzika kiwango cha umetaboli. Hii ina maana na ni wazi kuwa zoezi aerobic huongeza ufanisi katika pumziko shikizi RMR (au Kiwango shikizi cha metaboli (BMR). zoezi la anaerobi - kama vile kuondoa uzito - hujenga misuli na molekuli ya ziada, ambazo ni mafuta ya bure ya molekuli. Nyongeza ya mafuta bure ya molekuli itasababisha kiwango kikubwa cha upunzikaji wa umetaboli kulingana na masomo ya juu. Pia, wakati zoezi la kutoa oksijeni ni manufaa kwa sababu moyo na mishipa kama vile calorie kuungua moja kwa moja, utafiti wa hivi karibuni unaonyesha ya kwamba zoezi zito mvumilivu pia huongeza kupumzika kimetaboliki. Hata hivyo, ni wazi kama mwanga wa moyo na mafunzo ya mishipa yana athari sawa. ==Maisha marefu== {{See also|heartbeat hypothesis}} Katika 1926 Raymond Pearl kwa muda mrefu alipendekezwa ya kuwa anatofautiana inversely na kiwango cha metaboli msingi (kiwango cha nadharia tete). Msaada wa nadharia tete inakuja kutokana na ukweli kwamba wanyama amabo wana mwili mkubwa huwa na maisha marefu na ukweli kwamba nadharia tete ya [[matunda nzi]] inversely kulingana na zingira [[joto]] iliyoko. <ref>{{cite journal | author=Miquel J, Lundgren PR, Bensch KG, Atlan H | title=The effects of temperature on the aging process have been investigated in approximately 3500 imagoes of male Drosophila melanogaster | journal=Mechanisms of Aging and Development | volume=5 | issue=5 | year=1976 | pages=347–370 | pmid=823384 | doi=10.1016/0047-6374(76)90034-8 }}</ref> Zaidi ya hayo, maisha ya kiumbe kama vile ya inzi inaweza kupanuliwa kwa kuzuia shughuli za kimwili. <ref>{{cite journal | author=Ragland SS, Sohal RS | title=Ambient temperature, physical activity and aging in the housefly, Musca domestica | journal=Experimental Gerontology | volume=10 | issue=5 | year=1975 | pages=279–289 | pmid=1204688 | doi=10.1016/0531-5565(75)90005-4}}</ref> Lakini uwiano wa matumizi ya [[nishati]] ya kila siku jumla ya kupumzika kiwango metabolicinaweza kutofautiana kati ya 1.6-8.0 kati ya aina ya [[mamalia]] s. Wanyama pia kutofautiana katika shahada ya kuungana kati ya ufosforiaji wa uoksidishaji na uzalishaji wa ATP , kiasi cha ulijaa mafuta katika utando wa mitochondrial, kiasi cha kutengeneza DNA, na mambo mengine mengi yanayoathiri upeo wa maisha ya kiumbe. <ref>{{cite journal | author=Speakman JR, Selman C, McLaren JS, Harper EJ | title=Living fast, dying when? The link between aging and energetics | journal=The Journal of Nutrition | volume=132 | issue=6, Supplement 2 | date=1 Juni 2002| pages=1583S–1597S | url=http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/132/6/1583S | pmid=12042467 }}</ref> === Urefu wa maisha ya viumbe na Kiwango shikizi cha metaboli (BMR) === Katika kukuza allometric, upeo uwezo span maisha (MPLS) ni moja kwa moja na kiwango cha umetaboli (MR), ambapo kiwango cha metaboli (MR) ni kiwango cha recharge ya uzito hai juu ya vifungo covalent chini ya kuzorota kwa muda kutokana na shinikizo thermodynamic, entropic. Umetaboli msingi kuhusu muungano wa redoksi,hauna uhusiano na uzalishanji wa joto. ufanisi metaboliki (ME) basi walionyesha kama ufanisi wa muungano na uwiano wa amperes ulitekwa na kutumiwa na mimea (W), kwa amperes ya kutosha kwa ajili hiyo. MR ni kipimo katika Watts, W ni kipimo katika gramu. sababu hizi ziko pamoja katika sheria nguvu, na ufafanuzi juu ya sheria zinazohusiana Kleiber's MR na W na MPLS, kwamba inaonekana kama MR ^ = W (4ME-1) / 4ME. ME wakati ni asili ia(100%), MR = W ^ 3 / 4, inayojulikana kwa kimaarufu kama robo ya kuongeza nguvu, toleo la kukuza allometric premised juu ya upimaji unaofaa. Mlingano unaonyesha kwamba kama matone ME chini 20%, kwa ajili ya gram W <moja, MR / MPLS huongezeka haraka kama endow W na kolonoskopa ya ukweli ya immortality na 16%. W ile ndogo huanza na, vile ukubwa zaidi ni kuongezeka kwa MR kama ME diminishes. Seli zote za kimbe hai zina toshelea kwa ushirika katika hali mbalimbali, yaani, chini ya gramu moja, na hivyo MR hii itakuwa inajulikana kama kiango shikizi cha metaboli (BMR). Lakini mlingano unaonyesha kuwa ongezeko kam vile la ME zaidi ya 25%, kiwango shikizi cha metaboli (BMR) linakaribia sufuri. Mlingano inaonyesha ya kwamba itapungua kwa wote W> gramu moja , ambapo W ni shirika la kiwango shikizi cha metaboli (BMRs) ya mfumo wa viumbe, lakini pia ni pamoja na shughuli ya muundo, kama kuongezeka ME zaidi ya 25%, MR / MPLS kuongezeka badala ya kupungua, kama inavyo kuwa kwa kwa BMR. MR amabyo inaoyounganishwa na shirika la BMRs itakuwa inajulikana kama FMR. Kama ME itapungua chini ya 25%, FMR diminishes badala ya kuongezeka kama inavyokuwa kwa BMR. Ya uhasama kati ya FMR na BMR ni nini alama ya mchakato wa uzito hai W katika suala juhudi. ME kwa viumbe ni sawa kana kwamba kwa seli, kwamba mafanikio ya uwezo wa viumbe wa kupata chakula (na chini ME wake), ni muhimu kwa kudumisha kiwango shikizi cha metaboli (BMR) ya seli, vinginevyo, njaa, inakaribia sufuri, na wakati huo huo ni ME chini yanazoretesha FMR / MPLS ya viumbe. {{Citation needed|date=Februari 2009}} ==Mazingatio ya Uuguzi== Metaboliki ya Kila mtu ni ya kipekee kutokana na upekee wa kimwili na tabia ya kimwili. Baadhi ya wengine, hii hufanya uzito na menejimenti ya kufanya vigumu sana wanaohitaji utaalamu wa kisasa. Kuna idadi ya marekebisho ya matibabu na michakato ya asili ya binadamu ambayo inaweza kuathiri metaboli ya mtu. Wanaokoma hedhi huathiri metaboli lakini kwa njia tofauti kwa watu mbalimbali, hivyo homoni wakati mwingine hutumiwa na kupunguza madhara ya wanaokuwa wamemaliza kuzaa. Uzito mafunzo unaweza kuwa na athari ya umetaboli kuliko mafunzo aerobic, lakini hakuna formula sasa imeandikwa ambayo inaweza kutabiri urefu na muda wa alimfufua kimetaboliki kutoka mabadiliko trophic na neuromuscular mafunzo anabolic. ==Madhara ya Moyo na Mishipa== kiwango cha Moyo kimedhamiria kwa oblongata medulla na sehemu ya pons, viungo mbili ambavyo vimo katika duni karibu na hypothalamus ya shina cha ubongo. Kiwango cha moyo ni muhimu kwa kiwango cha metaboli msingi na kupumzika kiwango metaboli sababu inatoa usambazaji wa damu, kuchochea mzunguko wa Krebs. Wakati wa zoezi hilo inafikia kizingiti ya aerobi, inawezekana kutoa substreti kuwa ni taka kwa ajili ya matumizi ya mojawapo ya nishati. Kizingiti anaerobi hufafanuliwa kama ngazi ya matumizi ya nishati ya kiwango cha exertion moyo kwamba hutokea bila oksijeni wakati sanifu kupima na itifaki maalum kwa ajili ya usahihi wa kipimo, kama vile Bruce treadmill itifaki (tazama sawa metabolic). Kwa muda wa wiki sita walengwa wa mafunzo ya mifumo ya mwili wanaweza kukabiliana na upiliziaji wa hali ya juu wa mvuke mitochondrial kuongezeka kwa upatikanaji oksijeni kwa ajili ya mzunguko Krebs, au mzunguko tricarboxylic, au mzunguko wa glycolitic. Hii kwa upande mwingine inaongoza kwa kiwango cha chini kupumzika kwa moyo, chini ya shinikizo la damu, na kuongezeka kwa kupumzika kwa kiwango shinikizi cha metaboli. Kujua nini mwili wakati wa mapumziko huunguza au kwa njia ya mazoezi (via moyo ufuatiliaji wa kiwango cha) na mpango wa matumizi ya nishati walengwa kwa kuzingatia utendaji wa metaboli. Kiwango cha moyo wakati wa mapumziko ni correlated kwa kiwango cha kupumzika metaboli kwa sababu ya mchango wa umoja yaliyotolewa na maisha ya moyo. Wakati unapopima kiwango cha moyo tunaweza basi zalisha kadirio matumizi ya sabstrati ambayo husababisha biochemical metaboliki katika miili yetu kupumzika au katika shughuli. Hii kwa upande mwingine inaweza kusaidia mtu kudumisha kiwango sahihi cha matumizi na mlingano jumla kwa masomo wakilishi ya graphical wa uwakilishi kizingiti cha anaerobi. Hii inaweza kuthibitishwa kwa kupimwa damukwa hali ya juu na uchambuzi wa gesi kwa kutumia aidha calorimetry moja kwa moja au moja kwa moja kuonyesha athari za matumizi substrati. Hatua ya kiwango cha Kiwango shikizi cha metaboli na kiwango pumzika cha metaboli ni kuwa zana muhimu kwa ajili ya kudumisha afya na uzito wa mwili . ==Tanbihi== {{Marejeo}} ==Marejeo== * Tsai, Adam Gilden, MD na Wadden, Thomas A. PhD. Utaratibu Review: An Tathmini ya Mipango Makuu ya Biashara ya kupoteze uzito Marekani. Ann Intern Med. 2005, 142:56-66. * Gustafson, Deborah, PhD, Rothenburg, Elisabet, PhD, Blennow, Kaj, PhD, Steen, Bertil, MD, PhD, Skoog, Ingmar, MD, PhD. Ufuatiliaji kwa miaka kumi na nane ya uongezati uzito na Hatari ya Magonjwa ya Alzheimers. Arch Intern Med: Vol. 163, 14 Julai 2003, pgs 1,524 kwa 1,528. * Mtaalam Jopo juu Tathmini ya utambulishaji, na Tiba ya ongezeki la uzito kwa watu wazima. Miongozo Tathmini ya kliniki ya utambulisho, na Matibabu ya ongezeko la uzito na unene wa kupindukia katika Muhtasari wa Watu wazima:. Kupakuliwa kutoka www.ajcn.org 9 Julai 2006, Am J Clin Nutr 1998, 68:899-917. * Segal, Arthur C. mstari mypa wa chakula. Chuo cha Hisabati nakala ya , Januari 1987. * Pike, RL, na Brown, M. Lishe: An Approach Integrated, 2 toleo New York: Wiley. 1,975 * Sahlin, K., Tonkonogy, na Soderlund, K. Nishati safi na uchovu kukakamaa kwa binadamu. Acta Physiol. Scand. 162:261-266. 1,998 * Saltin, B, na Gollnick. Misuli ya kiunzi cha mifupa adaptability: Umuhimu wa metaboli na utendaji. Katika Kitabu cha Tiba, LD Peachey, Adrian RH, na Geiger SR, eds. Baltimore: Williams &amp; Wilkins. 1,983. uk 540-555. * Thorstensson, P. misuli nguvu, nyuzinyuzi aina ya Enzymes ndani ya mtu. Acta Physiol. Scand. 102: 443. 1,976 * Thorstensson, P., Sjodin, B. Actinomyosin ATPase, na myokinase, CPK na LDH katika kufunga binadamu kwa mtetemo wa misuli nyuzi. Acta Physiol. Scand. 99: 225-229. 1,975 * VanHelder, W., Radomski, Goode, R. na Casey, K. Homoni na majibu metabolic ya aina tatu ya utekelezaji wa muda sawa na pato nje ya kazi. Eur. J. ya Appl. Physiol. 54:337-342. 1,985 * Wells, J., Balke, B. na Van Fossan, D. LACTIC Acid anhopning wakati wa kazi. Kiwango kilichopendekezwa cha Uainishaji kazi. J Appl. Physiol. 10: 51-55. 1,957. * McArdle, W. Zoezi Tiba: Nishati, Lishe, na utendaji wa binadamu. Lea &amp; Febiger. Philadelphia, PA. 1,986. * Spennewyn, K. Uchambuzi wa kazi ya metaboli. Jarida la Mwili na Uchambuzi wa mafuta. NIHS, Minneapolis, MN. 1,990. ==Viungo vya nje== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160107012426/http://chla.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=chla;cc=chla;sid=c42d310a7654d488f3e2ae6f21e7be0d;rgn=full%20text;idno=2905932;view=image;seq=0001 Utafiti wa Harris-Benedict. ][https://web.archive.org/web/20160107012426/http://chla.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=chla;cc=chla;sid=c42d310a7654d488f3e2ae6f21e7be0d;rgn=full%20text;idno=2905932;view=image;seq=0001 majadiliano ya Kina ya antecedents, data, vipimo, takwimu (Imechapishwa na Taasisi ya Carnegie ya Washington 1,919)] * [http://www.danoneinstitute.org/objective_nutrition_newsletter/on45.php Kiwango shinikizi cha metaboli kama kinavyo athiriwa na pombe] {{Wayback|url=http://www.danoneinstitute.org/objective_nutrition_newsletter/on45.php |date=20130731050644 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110104021551/http://www.rahulgladwin.com/docs/body-mass-index-bmi-calculator.php Online BMR / BMI / WtHR / Fat% Calculator] [[Category:Mwili]] [[Category:Umetaboli]] g5a5najakyr32onoz1xd8idslteahrs 0 65635 1612426 1599626 2026-11-01T15:49:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612426 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox actor | jina = Gary Oldman | picha = Gary Oldman at the London premiere of Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy.png | ukubwa wa picha = 200px | maelezo ya picha = Gary Oldman kwenye uzinduzi wa filamu ya *Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy* jijini London (2011). | jina la kuzaliwa = Gary Leonard Oldman | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1958|3|21}} | mahala pa kuzaliwa = [[New Cross]], [[London]], [[Uingereza]] | kazi = Mwigizaji, mtayarishaji wa filamu, mwongozaji wa filamu | miaka ya kazi = 1979–sasa | mke = Lesley Manville (k. 1987; k. 1990)<br />Uma Thurman (k. 1990; k. 1992)<br />Donya Fiorentino (k. 1997; k. 2001)<br />Alexandra Edenborough (k. 2008; k. 2015)<br />Gisele Schmidt (k. 2017) | watoto = 3 }} '''Sir Gary Leonard Oldman''' (amezaliwa [[21 Machi]] [[1958]]) ni mwigizaji na mwongozaji wa filamu kutoka nchini [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gary-Oldman|title=Gary Oldman Biography|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2026-09-13}}</ref> Anajulikana sana kwa uwezo wake wa kubadilika na kuigiza wahusika mbalimbali wenye utata. Ametunukiwa tuzo mbalimbali zikiwemo Tuzo ya Akademi (Oscar), Tuzo za [[BAFTA]], na [[Golden Globe]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2018/mar/05/gary-oldman-wins-best-actor-for-darkest-hour-at-oscars-2018|title=Gary Oldman wins best actor Oscar for Darkest Hour|publisher=The Guardian|access-date=2026-09-13}}</ref> Anajulikana sana kwa kuigiza wahusika mashuhuri kama vile [[Sirius Black]] katika mfululizo wa filamu za ''[[Harry Potter]]'', James Gordon katika mfululizo wa filamu za ''[[The Dark Knight (filamu)|The Dark Knight]]'' (Batman), Count Dracula katika ''Bram Stoker's Dracula'' (1992), Norman Stansfield katika ''[[Léon: The Professional]]'' (1994), na [[Winston Churchill]] katika filamu ya ''Darkest Hour'' (2017) ambapo alishinda Tuzo ya Oscar kama Mwigizaji Bora.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-43282218|title=Gary Oldman's path to Oscar glory|publisher=BBC News|access-date=2026-09-13}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Filmografia zilizochaguliwa == === Filamu === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Mwaka ! Jina la Filamu ! Nafasi ! Maelezo |- | 1986 | ''Sid and Nancy'' | Sid Vicious | |- | 1987 | ''Prick Up Your Ears'' | Joe Orton | Aliteuliwa Tuzo ya BAFTA ya Mwigizaji Bora |- | 1991 | ''JFK'' | Lee Harvey Oswald | |- | 1992 | ''Bram Stoker's Dracula'' | Count Dracula | Alishinda Tuzo ya Saturn ya Mwigizaji Bora |- | 1993 | ''True Romance'' | Drexl Spivey | |- | 1994 | ''Léon: The Professional'' | Norman Stansfield | |- | 1997 | ''The Fifth Element'' | Jean-Baptiste Emanuel Zorg | |- | 1997 | ''Air Force One'' | Egor Korshunov | |- | 1997 | ''Nil by Mouth'' | — | Mwongozaji, mwandishi na mtayarishaji; alishinda Tuzo mbili za BAFTA<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/471018/index.html|title=Oldman, Gary (1958-) Biography|publisher=BFI Screenonline|access-date=2026-09-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260914191705/http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/471018/index.html|archivedate=2026-09-14|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | 2000 | ''The Contender'' | Sheldon Runyon | Pia mtayarishaji |- | 2004 | ''Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban'' | Sirius Black | |- | 2005 | ''Batman Begins'' | James Gordon | |- | 2007 | ''Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix'' | Sirius Black | |- | 2008 | ''The Dark Knight'' | James Gordon | |- | 2011 | ''Kung Fu Panda 2'' | Lord Shen | Sauti tu |- | 2011 | ''Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy'' | George Smiley | Aliteuliwa Tuzo ya Akademi ya Mwigizaji Bora |- | 2012 | ''The Dark Knight Rises'' | James Gordon | |- | 2017 | ''Darkest Hour'' | Winston Churchill | Alishinda Tuzo ya Akademi (Oscar), BAFTA, na Golden Globe ya Mwigizaji Bora |- | 2020 | ''Mank'' | Herman J. Mankiewicz | Aliteuliwa Tuzo ya Akademi ya Mwigizaji Bora |- | 2023 | ''Oppenheimer'' | Harry S. Truman | Muonekano wa heshima |} === Runinga === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Mwaka ! Jina la Kipindi ! Nafasi ! Maelezo |- | 2001 | ''Friends'' | Richard Crosby | Vipindi 2; aliteuliwa Tuzo ya Emmy |- | 2022–sasa | ''Slow Horses'' | Jackson Lamb | Nafasi kuu; aliteuliwa Tuzo ya Emmy na BAFTA |} == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} == Viungo vya Nje == * {{IMDb name|id=198|name=Gary Oldman}} {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1958||Oldman, Gary}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waongozaji filamu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watayarishaji filamu wa Uingereza]] s7jw35peknpewlmxhgum4odcejzpec3 0 65915 1612517 1517012 2026-11-02T08:41:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612517 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:WIKITONGUES- Achille speaking Mooré and Dioula.webm|thumb|Msemaji wa Kijula akizungumza Kimossi na Kijula, akirekodiwa huko [[Taiwan]].]] '''Kijula''' (au '''Kidyula''') ni [[Lugha za Kiniger-Kongo|lugha ya Kiniger-Kongo]] nchini [[Burkina Faso]], [[Cote d'Ivoire]] na [[Mali]], pamoja na nchi nyingine kadhaa, zikiwa ni pamoja na [[Ghana]], [[Guinea]] na [[Guinea-Bissau]], inayozungumzwa na [[Wajula]]. Ni [[lugha ya taifa]] ya Burkina Faso. Kufuatana na [[uainishaji wa lugha]] kwa ndani zaidi, Kijula iko katika [[kundi]] la [[lugha za Kimande]]. Inahusiana sana na [[Kibambara]], kutokana na uelewano wa kihistoria na Wabambara pamoja na lugha ya Kimalinke. Ni [[Lingua franca|lugha ya biashara]] [[Afrika ya Magharibi|Magharibi mwa Afrika]] na inazungumzwa na mamilioni ya watu, kama lugha ya kwanza au ya pili. Kama lugha nyingine za Kimande, inatumia [[Kina (fasihi)|vina]]. Inaweza kuandikwa kwa herufi za Kilatini, herufi za Kiarabu au herufi za N'Ko. Mwaka wa 1990 idadi ya wasemaji wa Kijula nchini Burkina imehesabiwa kuwa watu milioni moja. Pia kuna wasemaji 179,000 nchini Cote d'Ivoire na 50,000 nchini Mali. == Historia == Kihistoria, Dyula au "jula" katika lugha haikuwa jina la kabila, bali ni lebo ya lugha ya Manding ikimaanisha 'mfanyabiashara' kwa lugha ya asili. Ilikuwa ni kauli iliyotumika kutofautisha wafanyabiashara Waislamu na watu wasio Waislamu wanaoishi katika eneo moja, hasa wakulima wa Senufo. Baadaye ikawa ni jina la kutaja wafanyabiashara wanaozungumza lugha za Manding kama vile watu wa Bambara au watu wa Mandinka na lugha zao.<ref name="Werthmann">{{cite journal |last1=Werthmann |first1=Katja |title=Wer sind die Dyula?: Ethnizität und Bürgerkrieg in der Côte d'Ivoire |journal=Afrika Spectrum |date=2005 |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=221–140 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101226042839/http://www.giga-hamburg.de/openaccess/afrikaspectrum/2005_2/giga_as_2005_2_werthmann.pdf |trans-title=Who are the Dyula?: Ethnicity and Civil War in the Côte d'Ivoire |publisher=Institut für Afrika-Forschung |location=Hamburg |language=de |archive-date=26 December 2010 |url-status=dead |url=http://www.giga-hamburg.de/openaccess/afrikaspectrum/2005_2/giga_as_2005_2_werthmann.pdf}}</ref> Hata hivyo, wakati huo huo, mchakato wa kielemu kwa miongo kadhaa ulisababisha baadhi ya jamii katika miji ya kisasa kama Bobo-Dioulasso, Odienné na Kong kuchukua lebo hiyo kama mojawapo ya utambulisho wao wa kikabila.<ref>Sanogo, Mamadou Lamine. 2003. “L’ethnisme jula: origines et évolution d’un groupe ethnolinguistique dans la boucle du Niger.” In ''Burkina Faso, Cents Ans d’Histoire, 1895-1995'', edited by Yénouyaba Georges Madiéga, 369–79. Paris, France: Karthala.</ref><ref>Wilks, Ivor. 1968. “The Transmission of Islamic Learning in the Western Sudan.” In ''Literacy in Traditional Societies'', edited by Jack Goody, 162–97. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</ref><ref>Wilks, Ivor. 2000. “The Juula and the Expansion of Islam into the Forest.” In ''The History of Islam in Africa'', edited by Nehema Levtzion and Randell Pouwels, 93–115. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press.</ref> Jamii hizi zinazungumza lahaja za Dyula zenye sifa za kawaida ambazo zinatofautisha na mfumo wa lugha ya Jula inayosikika katika masoko mengi sehemu kubwa ya Burkina Faso na Côte d'Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Donaldson |first=Coleman |date=2013-10-01 |title=Jula Ajami in Burkina Faso: A Grassroots Literacy in the Former Kong Empire |url=https://repository.upenn.edu/wpel/vol28/iss2/2 |journal=Working Papers in Educational Linguistics (WPEL) |volume=28 |issue=2 |issn=1548-3134 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406021430/https://repository.upenn.edu/wpel/vol28/iss2/2/ |archive-date=2023-04-06 |access-date=2024-03-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Sangaré, Aby. 1984. “Dioula de Kong : Côte d’Ivoire.” Doctoral Dissertation, Grenoble: Université de Grenoble.</ref><ref>Braconnier, C. 1999. ''Dictionnaire du dioula d’Odienné: parler de Samatiguila''. Paris: Documents de Linguistique Africaine.</ref> Baadaye, neno hilo pia lilianza kutumika kwa toleo lililorahisishwa la Bambara, ambayo inatoka Mali, ikichanganywa na vipengele vya Maninka. Ikaanza kutumika sana kama lugha ya kisasa.<ref>{{Citation |title=DIOULA: a Manding language variety of West Africa {{!}} Na baro kè 14 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwE1Bo71Cz4 |language=en |access-date=2023-02-21}}</ref> Wasemaji wa asili wa Manding nchini Ivory Coast hutumia neno lenye dharau 'Tagbusikan' kurejelea lugha hii iliyorahisishwa, huku wakiita lugha yao wenyewe 'Konyakakan', 'Odiennekakan' au 'Maukakan'. Ongezeko la mamilioni ya wafanyakazi wahamiaji kutoka [[Sahel]] liliongeza matumizi ya Dyula nchini Ivory Coast kutokana na mahitaji ya lugha ya kisasa. Wengi wa Waburkinabe walijifunza Dyula wakiwa Ivory Coast na kuisambaza zaidi nyumbani. Leo hii, Dyula hutumiwa kwa kiwango cha angalau asilimia 61 ya idadi ya watu wa Ivory Coast na kwa takriban asilimia 35 ya Waburkinabe (hasa wale wanaoishi sehemu ya kusini au magharibi mwa nchi).<ref name="Werthmann" /> == Viungo vya nje == *[http://multitree.org/codes/dyu lugha ya Kijula kwenye Multitree] *[http://www.language-archives.org/language/dyu makala za OLAC kuhusu Kijula] *[http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/dyul1238 lugha ya Kijula katika Glottolog] *http://www.ethnologue.com/language/dyu {{mbegu-lugha}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Jula}} [[Jamii:Lugha za Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Cote d'Ivoire]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Mali]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Ghana]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Guinea]] [[Jamii:Lugha za Guinea-Bisau]] eklf7a99mv8m9tq8mqu4ykzjzu54yys 0 68291 1612429 1233762 2026-11-01T16:33:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612429 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Kupanda halijoto greenhouse effect.jpg|thumbnail|Hesabu ya viwango vya joto vinavyopoelewa na dunia, kuakisishwa angani na kuzunguka katika angahewa]] '''Gesijoto ''' ([[ing.]]'''greenhouse gases''') ni aina za gesi katika [[angahewa]] ya dunia zenye uwezo wa kuathiri mnururisho wa [[infraredi]] yaani wa joto. Ni sababu muhimu ya [[kupanda kwa halijoto duniani]]. ==Kazi ya gesijoto== Gesijoto zinarudisha sehemu ya joto inayotoka ardhini kuelekea [[anga la nje|anga-nje]] na kuirudisha ardhini. Nusutufe ya dunia yetu inayoangalia jua (yaani penye mchana) inapokea kila siku kiasi cha joto kutoka jua na wakati huohuo nusutufe ya kinyume (penye usiku) inapokea tena joto kwa kuiachisha katika anga-nje. Kuna gesijoto asilia na pia gesijoto zilizoongezwa na binadamu. Kuwepo kwa gesijoto si jambo baya maana binadamu na maumbile asilia yote vilitokea katika dunia penye gesijoto. Swali ni kuhusu kiasi chake. Gesijoto zinaunda uwezo wa angahewa ya dunia kutunza kiwango cha joto ndani yake. Bila gesijoto asilia dunia yetu ingekuwa baridi mno, kwa wastani na sentigredi -18 °C badala ya wastani ya +14 °C jinsi ilivyo sasa. Kama kiasi cha gesi hizi kinabadilika kitaleta pia mabadiliko katika halijoto ya dunia kwa jumla; kama gesijoto zinaongezeka halijoto ya dunia inapanda na kama gesijoto zinapungua halijoto ya dunia inashuka kiwango fulani. Tatizo linalojadiliwa tangu miaka 20 hivi ni kuongezeka kwa gesijoto katika angahewa kulikosababishwa na shughuli za kibinadamu. Kuongezeka kwa gesijoto hewani kunasababisha [[kupanda kwa halijoto duniani]] kunakoleta hasara kwa spishi nyingi. Viumbe vyote pamoja na mimea, wanyama na binadamu vilizoea hali ya joto jinsi ilivyo kwa milenia nyingi. Mabadiliko ya haraka ni hatari. ==Aina za gesijoto== Gesijoto asilia zinazopatikana katika angahewa na kutunza joto la sayari ni pamoja na mvuke wa maji, [[hewa ukaa]] (kaboni dioksidi), methani, [[oksidi dinitrojeni]] (N₂O) na [[ozoni]] O₂ ==Matatizo ya kuongezeka kwa gesijoto zinazosababishwa na binadamu== Tatizo ni kupanda kwa halijoto katika miaka 150 iliyopita kutokana na shughuli za kibinadamu zilizosababisha kuongezeka kwa gesijoto juu ya kiwango asilia tangu kutokea kwa [[mapinduzi ya viwandani]] katika [[karne ya 19]]. Maendeleo haya yalipata nguvu ya kuendesha mashine, meli na motokaa kwa njia ya kuchoma [[fueli kisukuu]] kama [[makaa mawe]] na [[mafuta ya petroli]]. Kuchoma vile kuliachisha gesijoto nyingi kwenye angahewa. Kati ya gesijoto zilizoongezeka tangu karne ya 19 ni hasa gesi ya ukaa ([[kaboni dioksidi]]). Pamoja na kuchoma fueli kisukuu njia nyingine ya kuongeza gesi ya ukaa ni kukata miti kwa wingi kwa kuunda nafasi za kujenga makazi ya watu na kuanzisha mashamba. Miti ina tabia ya kujenga miili yao (shina, matawi, majani) kwa kutoa gesi ya ukaa hewani, kuipasua kwa elementi zake ([[kaboni]] na [[oksijeni]]) na kutumia kaboni kama sehemu ya seli za [[ubao]] wake. Kupunguza idadi ya miti imepunguza uwezo asilia ya mazingira ya kuondoa gesijoto hewani. ==Mapatano ya kimataifa== Tangu kuelewa hatari zinazotokana na [[kupanda kwa halijoto]] duniani kunajitihada nyingi ya viongozi wa mataifa mengi kuleta mabadaliko ya kuhifadhi mazingira. Tangu 1993 kuna [[Kongamano la Mfumo wa UM kuhusu Mabadiliko ya Tabianchi]] inayolenga kupunguza kwa kupanda kwa halijoto duniani kwa kupunguza uzalishaji wa gesi ya dioksidi kabonia. Kongamano hili lilileta mapatano ya Kyoto na Paris na tangu haya nchi nyingi zimeanza kupunguza matumizi ya [[makaa]] na mafuta katika uzalishaji wa umeme. Badala yake teknolojia za nishati mbadala zimesogea mbele kama [[tabo za upepo]] (rafadha za upepo) na kuongeza paneli za [[umemenuru]]. == Viungo vya Nje == *[http://www.tz.undp.org/publications/UMASKINInaMAZINGIRA_Jarida_Toleo6.pdf P.M. Ndaki: Kupunguza Gesijoto Kupitia Kudhibiti Ukataji Miti; katika Jarida la Umaskini na Mazingira tol. 6, Jan-Jun 2009] {{Wayback|url=http://www.tz.undp.org/publications/UMASKINInaMAZINGIRA_Jarida_Toleo6.pdf |date=20130323062616 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130118052206/http://www.climate-change-guide.com/greenhouse-gases.html The Climate Change Guide] easy-to-understand information on the Greenhouse gases [[Category:madhara ya mazingira| ]] hf6wcgj6nn3rv0mwfdtynd9vpp8t7vm 0 68340 1612461 1607843 2026-11-01T22:21:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Add 1 book for verifiability (20261101sim) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]) 1612461 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox disease | Name = Hypertension | Image = Grade 1 hypertension.jpg | Caption = Automated arm [[sphygmomanometer|blood pressure meter]] showing [[artery|arterial]] hypertension (shown a [[systolic blood pressure]] 158&nbsp;mmHg, [[diastolic blood pressure]] 99&nbsp;mmHg and [[heart rate]] of 80 beats per minute). | DiseasesDB = 6330 | ICD10 = {{ICD10|I|10||i|10}},{{ICD10|I|11||i|10}},{{ICD10|I|12||i|10}},<br/>{{ICD10|I|13||i|10}},{{ICD10|I|15||i|10}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|401}} | OMIM = 145500 | MedlinePlus = 000468 | eMedicineSubj = med | eMedicineTopic = 1106 | eMedicine_mult = {{eMedicine2|ped|1097}} {{eMedicine2|emerg|267}} | MeshID = D006973 }} '''Shinikizo la juu la damu''' (HTN) au '''presha ya juu ya damu''' (pia huitwa '''shinikizo la mishipa ya damu''', HBP), ni [[ugonjwa]] sugu ambapo [[nguvu ya msukumo wa damu]] katika [[mshipa|mishipa]] ni kubwa kuliko kawaida. Ongezeko hilo husababisha [[moyo]] kufanya kazi kupita kiasi ili uzungushe [[damu]] katika [[mishipa ya damu]]. Kwa kawaida halina dalili, ila likidumu lina madhara makubwa kwa [[afya]]. Shinikizo la juu la damu ndilo sababu kubwa ([[kihatarishi]]) ya [[upoozaji]], [[mshtuko wa moyo]] (mashambulizi ya moyo), [[moyo kushindwa kufanya kazi]], [[kutuna kwa ukuta]] wa mishipa (k.m., [[kutuna kwa ukuta wa aota au mkole]]), [[chujio la mshipa wa kupeleka damu kwenye moyo au peripheral arterial disease]], na inasababishwa na [[ugonjwa sugu wa figo]]. Hata ongezeko la wastani la shinikizo la damu hupunguza [[matarajio ya muda wa kuishi]]. Kuna vipimo viwili vya shinikizo la damu, yaani systolic na diastolic: shinikizo au presha ya systolic ni [[kipimo]] cha damu ambacho kinapima nguvu ya msukumo wa damu katika mishipa ya damu wakati moyo unadunda. Shinikizo au presha ya diastole inapima nguvu ya msukumo wa damu katika mishipa ya damu wakati moyo umetulia au kati ya [[mapigo ya moyo]] (diastole). Kipimo cha kawaida cha shinikizo la damu ni 100–140&nbsp;[[milimita]] za [[zebaki]] (mmHg) upande wa systolic (kipimo cha juu) na 60–90&nbsp; milimita za zebaki upande wa diastolic (kipimo cha chini). Shinikizo la juu la damu hutokea kama kipimo kikiwa zaidi ya 140/90&nbsp;mmHg kwa muda mrefu. Kuna aina mbili za shinikizo la juu la damu: [[shinikizo la juu la damu la asili]] na [[shinikizo la damu linalosababishwa na magonjwa mengine]]. Kadiri ya [[asilimia]] 90–95 za watu wanaathiriwa na "shinikizo la juu la damu la asili", yaani wana ugonjwa huu bila kuwa na chanzo cha kisayansi kinachofahamika.<ref name="pmid10645931">{{cite journal |author=Carretero OA, Oparil S |title=Essential hypertension. Part I: Definition and etiology |journal=Circulation |volume=101 |issue=3 |pages=329–35 |year=2000 |month=January |pmid=10645931 |url=http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/101/3/329.long |doi=10.1161/01.CIR.101.3.329}}</ref> Magonjwa mengine ya [[mafigo]], mishipa, moyo, [[mfumo wa homoni]] huathiri asilimia 5–10 iliyobaki ya watu wenye shinikizo la damu (ndilo shinikizo la damu linalosababishwa na magonjwa mengine). Ili kudhibiti shinikizo la damu, [[lishe bora]] na mabadiliko katika mtindo wa kuishi lazima yazingatiwe pamoja na kupunguza matatizo yanayoathiri [[afya]]. Hata hivyo, matumizi ya [[dawa]] ni muhimu kwa watu ambao mabadiliko ya mtindo wa maisha hautoshelezi kupunguza shinikizo la juu la damu, kutuna kwa [[ukuta wa ateri]] mithili ya puto kutokana na udhaifu wa sehemu hiyo. {{TOC limit|3}} ==Uainishaji wa shinikizo la damu== {| class="wikitable" style = "float: right; margin-left:15px; text-align:center" |- ! rowspan=2 | Classification (JNC7)<ref name="jnc7">{{cite journal |author=Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, ''et al.'' |title=Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure |journal=Hypertension |volume=42 |issue=6 |pages=1206–52 |year=2003 |month=December |pmid=14656957 |doi=10.1161/01.HYP.0000107251.49515.c2 |url=http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/42/6/1206.long}}</ref> ! colspan=2 | Systolic pressure ! colspan=2 | Diastolic pressure |- ! [[mmHg]] ! [[Pascal (unit)|kPa]] ! mmHg ! kPa |- | Kawaida | 90–119 | 12–15.9 | 60–79 | 8.0–10.5 |- | Dalili ya shinikizo la juu la damu | 120–139 | 16.0–18.5 | 80–89 | 10.7–11.9 |- | Aina ya 1 shinikizo la juu la damu - kali | 140–159 | 18.7–21.2 | 90–99 | 12.0–13.2 |- | Aina ya 2 shinikizo la juu la damu - kali kiasi | ≥160 | ≥21.3 | ≥100 | ≥13.3 |- | [[Isolated systolic hypertension|Isolated systolic<br/>shinikizo la juu la damu - kali sana]] | ≥140 | ≥18.7 | <90 | <12.0 |} ===Watu wazima=== Kwa watu wenye umri wa miaka 18 au zaidi, shinikizo la juu la damu linaweza kuwa systolic na/au diastolic kama kipimo hicho ni zaidi kuliko kipimo cha kawaida kinachokubalika ambacho ni (139&nbsp;mmHg systolic, 89&nbsp;mmHg diastolic: tazama table — Uainishaji (JNC7)). Kama vipimo vinapatikana baada ya kutumia chombo kinachopima presha kwa masaa 24 (24-hour ambulatory) au kufanya maangalizi nyumbani, vipimo vya chini vinatumiwa (135&nbsp;mmHg systolic or 85&nbsp;mmHg diastolic). Pia miongozo ya kimataifa ya hivi karibuni imegawanya shinikizo la damu katika vikundi mbali mbali vyenye vipimo chini ya kipimo cha shinikizo la juu la damu ili kuthibitisha hatari iliyopo ya shinikizo la juu la damu. JNC7 (2003)<ref name="jnc7" /> anatumia neno dalili ya kuwa na shinikizo la juu la kwa presha ya damu iliyo kati ya 120 na 139&nbsp;mmHg systolic na/au 80–89&nbsp;mmHg diastolic, wakati Miongozo ya ESH-ESC (2007)<ref name=ESH-ESC>{{cite journal |author=Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, ''et al.'' |title=2007 ESH-ESC Practice Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: ESH-ESC Task Force on the Management of Arterial Hypertension |journal=J. Hypertens. |volume=25 |issue=9 |pages=1751–62 |year=2007 |month=September |pmid=17762635 |doi=10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282f0580f |url=}}</ref> and BHS IV (2004)<ref name=BHSIV>{{cite journal |author=Williams B, Poulter NR, Brown MJ, ''et al.'' |title=Guidelines for management of hypertension: report of the fourth working party of the British Hypertension Society, 2004-BHS IV |journal=J Hum Hypertens |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=139–85 |year=2004 |month=March |pmid=14973512 |doi=10.1038/sj.jhh.1001683 |url=}}</ref> inatenganisha katika vikundi vya hali inayofaa, vya kawaida, na vya kawaida kiasi kutofautisha presha zilizopo chini ya 140&nbsp;mmHg systolic na 90&nbsp;mmHg diastolic. Shinikizo la juu la damu pia imegawanywa katika vikundi vifuatavyo: JNC7 inatofautisha shinikizo la juu la damu aina ya I, shinikizo la juu la damu aina ya II, na shinikizo la juu la damu hatua kali sana. Shinikizo la juu la damu ambayo ni kali sana (Isolated systolic hypertension) ni presha ya juu sana inayoambatana na presha ya kawaida ya diastolic, hali hii huwatokea sana wazee.<ref name="jnc7"/> The ESH-ESC Guidelines (2007)<ref name=ESH-ESC /> and BHS IV (2004),<ref name = BHSIV /> inatambua aina ya tatu (aina ya III) ya shinikizo la juu la damu kwa watu ambao wana presha ya juu ya systolic inayozidi 179&nbsp;mmHg au presha ya diastolic inayozidi 109&nbsp;mmHg. Shinikizo la juu la damu liko katika kundi la "sugu" kama [[madawa]] hayapunguzi shinikizo la damu hadi vipimo vya kawaida.<ref name="jnc7"/> ===Watoto wadogo na wachanga=== Si kawaida kwa [[watoto waliozaliwa karibuni]] kuwa na shinikizo la juu la damu na ni asilimia 0.2 hadi 3% ya watoto wachanga ambao wanapata. Shinikizo la damu haipimwi mara kwa mara kama watoto ni wadogo na wana afya nzuri. <ref name=Dionne>{{cite journal |author=Dionne JM, Abitbol CL, Flynn JT |title=Hypertension in infancy: diagnosis, management and outcome |journal=Pediatr. Nephrol. |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=17–32 |year=2012 |month=January |pmid=21258818 |doi=10.1007/s00467-010-1755-z |url=}}</ref> Shinikizo la damu huwapata watoto ambao wako katika hatari kubwa. Kuna masuala tofauti ya kuangalia, kama vile [[kipindi cha ujazito]], umri baada ya utungaji mimba, na [[uzito wakati wa kuzaliwa]] kabla ya kuamua kama kipimo cha shinikizo la damu ni cha kawaida kwa mtoto mchanga.<ref name=Dionne /> ===Watoto na vijana=== Ni kawaida kwa watoto na vijana kupata shinikizo la damu (asilimia 2–9% hutegemea na umri, jinsia, na asili)<ref>{{cite journal |author=Din-Dzietham R, Liu Y, Bielo MV, Shamsa F |title=High blood pressure trends in children and adolescents in national surveys, 1963 to 2002 |journal=Circulation |volume=116 |issue=13 |pages=1488–96 |year=2007 |month=September |pmid=17846287 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.683243 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_circulation_2007-09-25_116_13/page/n73}}</ref> and is associated with long-term risks of ill-health.<ref name=fourth>{{cite journal |author= |title=The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents |journal=Pediatrics |volume=114 |issue=2 Suppl 4th Report |pages=555–76 |year=2004 |month=August |pmid=15286277 |doi= |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_pediatrics_2004-08_114_2/page/n294}}</ref> Hivi sasa kuna pendekezo la kuwapima damu watoto wenye zaidi ya miaka mitatu na kuangalia kama wana shinikizo la juu la damu kila wanapoenda kupimwa afya yao. Kabla ya kuthibitisha kama mtoto ana shinikizo la juu la damu mtoto lazima apimwe mara kadhaa.<ref name = fourth /> Shinikizo la damu huongezeka utotoni kufuatana na umri, wa watoto, shinikizo la damu linatambulika kama ni systolic ya kawaida au diastolic baada ya kupimwa zaidi ya mara tatu au zaidi ya asilimia 95 ambayo ni kawaida kufuatana na jinsia, umri na urefu wa mtoto. Dalili ya shinikizo la juu la damu (Prehypertension) kwa watoto linatambulika kama shinikizo au presha ya kawaida ya systolic au shinikizo au presha ya diastolic kama ni zaidi au sawa na asilimia 90, lakini ni chini ya asilimia 95.<ref name=fourth />Kwa vijana, inapendekezwa kwamba shinikizo la juu la damu na dalili ya shinikizo la juu la damu zichunguzwe na kuainisha kwa kutumia vigezo vya watu wazima.<ref name=fourth /> ==Ishara na dalili== Mara nyingi watu wenye shinikizo la damu hawana dalili yoyote, na huwa inagundulika baada ya kufanya uchunguzi kwa kawaida kupitia [[Uchunguzi (medicine)|screening]], au wakati maangalizi ya afya yanafanywa kwa sababu nyingine. Watu wengine wenye shinikizo la damu huwa wanapata [[maumivu ya kichwa]] (haswa nyuma ya kichwa na asubuhi), pamoja na [[kuchanganyikiwa]], [[kizunguzungu]], [[sikio kelele]] (mvumo au mazomeo masikioni), kutoweza kuona vizuri au [[Syncope (medicine)|matukio ya kuzirai]].<ref name=Fisher2005>{{cite book |author=Fisher ND, Williams GH |editor=Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, ''et al.'' |title=Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine|edition=16th |year=2005 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York, NY |isbn=0-07-139140-1 |pages=1463–81 |chapter=Hypertensive vascular disease}}</ref> Baada ya [[uchunguzi wa mwili]], kunakuwa na wasiwasi wa shinikizo la juu la damu kama [[kuna upanuzi wa mishipa ya damu ya retina]] baada ya kufanya uchunguzi wa [[optic fundus]] iliyopo nyuma ya jicho kwa kutumia [[chombo cha kufanyia uchunguzi yaani ophthalmoscopy]].<ref name=Wong2007>{{cite journal |author=Wong T, Mitchell P |title=The eye in hypertension |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_february-3-9-2007_369_9559/page/425 |journal=Lancet |volume=369 |issue=9559 |pages=425–35 |year=2007 |month=February |pmid=17276782 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60198-6}}</ref> Classically, ukali wa mabadiliko ya shinikizo la damu ya retina linagawanya kwenye vikundi kuanzia I hadi IV, ingawa inaweza kuwa vigumu kuzitofautisha aina kali kiasi.<ref name=Wong2007/> Chombo cha kufanyia uchunguzi wa macho kinaweza kuonyesha muda ambao mtu amekuwa na shinikizo la juu la damu=Fisher2005/> ===Shinikizo la juu la damu litokanalo na magonjwa mengine=== Dalili zingine zinaweza kusababishwa na [[magonjwa mengine]], yani shinikizo la damu linaloletwa na sababu zingine zinazojulikana kama vile [[magonjwa ya figo]] au [[mabadiliko ya mfumo wa homoni]]. Kwa mfano, unene wa kifua na tumbo, [[uthibiti mbaya wa sukari]], [[moon facies]] au mkusanyiko wa mafuta usoni, mkusanyiko wa mafuta mgongoni ("buffalo hump") na purple [[striae]] au alama za unene huonyesha dalili ya [[ugonjwa wa homoni wa Cushing's syndrome]].<ref name=ABC>{{cite book |author=O'Brien, Eoin; Beevers, D. G.; Lip, Gregory Y. H. |title=ABC of hypertension |url=https://archive.org/details/abcofhypertensio0000unse |publisher=BMJ Books |location=London |year=2007 |pages= |isbn=1-4051-3061-X |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}</ref> [[Ugonjwa unaoathiri kikoromeo]] na [[acromegaly]] yaani mwili hutengeneza homoni ya kukuza umbo pia huweza kuleta shinikizo la juu la damu na dalili zake za kawaida huonekana.<ref name="ABC" /> Wembamba wa mishipa ya tumbo au abdominal [[bruit]] inaweza kuwa ni ishara ya [[renal artery stenosis]] au kuziba kwa mishipa ya damu ipelekayo damu kwenye figo. Shinikizo la chini la damu katika miguu au mapigo ya mshipa wa mguu yanayochelewa au ukosefu wa mapigo [[mshipa wa mguu|mapigo ya mshipa wa mguu]] inaweza kuwa ni dalili ya [[aortic coarctation]] (kupungua kwa upana wa mshipa mkuu utoao damu kwenye moyo kwenda mwilini). Shinikizo la damu ambalo linalotofautiana sana na kuumwa kwa kichwa, mpapatiko wa moyo, kubadilika rangi ya ngozi, na utoaji jasho ni lazima kuwe na wasiwasi wa [[pheochromocytoma yaani saratani ya tezi iliyo juu ya figo]].<ref name="ABC" /> ===Hali ya hatari ya shinikizo la juu la damu=== Shinikizo la damu lililo juu kupita kiasi (sawa au zaidi ya 180 au diastolic ya 110, wakati mwingine huitwa shinikizo la damu linaloweza kuleta kifo au linaloharakisha kifo) inatambulika kama "hali ya hatari ya shinikizo la juu la damu." Shinikizo la damu vinavyozidi vipimo hivi vinaonyesha hali kubwa ya hatari ya ugonjwa huu. Watu wenye viwango hivi vya shinikizo la damu wanaweza wasiwe na dalili zozote, ila wanaweza kulalamika kuumwa kwa kichwa (asilimia 22% ya wagonjwa)<ref>{{cite journal |author=Papadopoulos DP, Mourouzis I, Thomopoulos C, Makris T, Papademetriou V |title=Hypertension crisis |journal=Blood Press. |volume=19 |issue=6 |pages=328–36 |year=2010 |month=December |pmid=20504242 |doi=10.3109/08037051.2010.488052 |url=}}</ref> na kuwa na kizunguzungu kuliko watu wa kawaida.<ref name=Fisher2005/> Dalili zingine za hali ya hatari ya shinikizo la damu ni kutoona vizuri au kutopumua vizuri kwa sababu moyo haufanyi kazi vizuri au kutojisikia vizuri [[uchovu]] kwa sababu mafigo yanashindwa kufanya kazi.<ref name="ABC" /> Watu wengi wenye hali ya hatari ya shinikizo la damu wanatambulika kuwa na msukumo mkubwa wa damu, lakini vichocheo vingine vinaweza kuongezea msukumo.<ref name=Marik2007>{{cite journal |author=Marik PE, Varon J |title=Hypertensive crises: challenges and management |journal=Chest |volume=131 |issue=6 |pages=1949–62 |year=2007 |month=June |pmid=17565029 |doi=10.1378/chest.06-2490 |url=http://chestjournal.chestpubs.org/content/131/6/1949.long |access-date=2013-03-06 |archive-date=2012-12-04 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204174126/http://chestjournal.chestpubs.org/content/131/6/1949.long |dead-url=yes }}</ref> "Shinikizo la damu la ghafla", zamani ilikuwa inajulikana kama "shinikizo la damu inayodhuru", hutokea ikiwa kuna ithibati ya madhara yanayotokea katika ogani za mwili kwa sababu ya shinikizo la juu la damu. Madhara haya yanaweza kuwa [[hypertensive encephalopathy]] au shinikizo kichwani, inasababishwa na uvimbe wa ubongo na kutofanya kazi vizuri, na husababisha kichwa kuumwa na [[kupoteza fahamu]] (kuchanganyikiwa au kusinzia). Retinal [[papilloedema]] and fundal [[kuvuja damu kutokana na mpasuko wa mishipa midogo ya macho]] na [[kutoa usaha au maji]] ni dalili nyingine ya madhara ya ogani. [[Maumivu ya kifua]] yanaweza kuwa ni dalili ya uharibifu wa misuli ya moyo (ambayo baadaye yanaleta [[upungufu wa damu kati ya misuli ya moyo]]) au wakati mwingine [[ukuta wa ndani wa aorta huchanika na damu]], kuchanika kwa ukuta wa mshipa mkuu uitwao [[aota/mkole]]. Kukosa pumzi, kukohoa, na kukohoa makohozi yenye damu ni dalili ya [[pulmonary edema au mapafu kujaa maji]]. Hali hii inaleta uvimbe wa seli za mapafu unaosababishwa na [[udhaifu wa upande wa kushoto wa moyo]], na uwezo mdogo wa [[upande wa kushoto]] wa moyo kusukuma damu kutoka kwenye mapafu hadi mishipa ya damu.<ref name=Marik2007/> Figo kupoteza uwezo wake wa kufanya kazi upesi (figo kushindwa kufanya kazi kwa ghafla) na [[microangiopathic hemolytic anemia au upungufu wa damu]] (uharibifu wa seli za damu) unaweza kutokea.<ref name=Marik2007/> Katika hali hizi, shinikizo la chini la damu ni muhimu ili kupunguza madhara ya ogani.<ref name=Marik2007/> Kwa upande mwingine, hakuna ushahidi unaonyesha kuwa shinikizo la damu linatakiwa kupunguzwa kwa kasi wakati wa matatizo ya dharura ya shinikizo la juu la damu iwapo kuna ogani iliyoathirika. Upunguzaji wa ghafla wa shinikizo la damu unaweza kuwa ni hatari.<ref name="ABC" /> Matumizi ya dawa ya kushusha shinikizo la damu hatua kwa hatua zaidi ya masaa 24 hadi 48 yanapendekezwa wakati wa dharura inayotokana na shinikizo la juu la damu.<ref name=Marik2007/> ===Ujauzito=== Shinikizo juu la damu hutokea takriban 8-10% za ujauzito. Wanawake karibu wote wenye shinikizo juu la damu wakiwa na mimba walikwishaumwa na shinikizio la damu la kawaida. Hali hiyo ikitokea katika ujaa uzito ni dalili ya kwanza ya kifafa cha mimba kabla hakijashikika kabisa. Maradhi hayo hutokea katika muda wa pili wa ujaa uzito na majuma machache baada ya kujifungua. Uaguzi wa maradhi hayo ni pamoja na shinikizo la damu kuongezeka na dalili za protini ndani ya mkojo. Maradhi hayo hutokea takribin 5% ya ujaa uzito yakisababisha takribin 16% ya vifo vya wenye ujaa uzito. Hatari ya kifo cha mtoto inaongezeka maradufu kutokana na maradhi hayo dunia nzima. Kwa kawaida hakuna dalili maalum za kifafa cha mimba kabla hakijashikika kabisa hugunduliwa na uchujaji wa kawaida. Zinapotokea dalili za maradhi hayo hizo ndizo ni kuumwa kichwani, taabu za kuona vizuri (mwanga wa kumulika ghafla) kutapika, maumivu ya epigastriumu na kuvimba. Kifafaa cha mimba kabla hakijashikika kabisa wakati mwingine inaweza kuletea hali inayotisha maisha inayoitwa kifafa cha mimba. Kifafa cha mimba kinaleta hali ya dharura ya shinikizo la damu inayotatiza sana. Matatizo hayo ni pamoja na upofu, kuvimba kwa ubongo, utendaji wa kiklonasi ulio katika hali ya kukazika au kuvutika na kutia kifafa, kuharibika kwa mafigo, edema ya mapafu, disseminated intravascular coagulation (kutoganda vizuri kwa damu). Shinikizo juu ya damu ikiathiri uja uzito: Dawa Ukunga na Elimuuzazi:<ref>http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/261435-overview title=Hypertension and Pregnancy author=Gibson, Paul coauthors= date=July 30 2009 work=eMedicine Obstetrics and Gynecology publisher=Medscape pages= accessdate=2009-06=16}</ref> ===Watoto wadogo na wachanga=== Kushindwa kustawi, kutiliwa kifafa, usumbufu, uchovu/kukosa nguvu, hali inayorudiarudia ya kudhikisha kwa mapofu kushindwa kuhema vizuri Shinikizo Juu la Damu: <ref>eMedicine Pediatrics: Cardiac Disease and Critical Care Medicine” url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/889877-overview title=Hypertension author=Rodriguez-Cruz, Edwin coauthorsw=Ettinger, Leigh M date=April 6, 2010 wor4k=eMedicine Pediatrics: Cardiac Disease and Critical Care Medicine publisher=Medscape pages= accessdate=2009-06-16}</ref> can be associated with hypertension in neonates and young infants. Kuhusu watoto wachanga ambao wameshahitimu umri zaidi pamoja na wana, shinikizo la juu la damu linaweza kuumiza kichwa, usumbufu usioelezeka, uchovu (uchovu wa kiganga), kushindwa kustawi, macho kutiliwa kiwi, kutokwa na damu puani, hatimaye kiharusi uso kupoozwa baadaye. <ref>Name=Dionne ref name=”urlHpertension: eMedicine Pediatrics: Cardiac Disease and Critical Care Medicine.</ref> ===Kuzidi kwa ukali wa shinikizo la juu la damu=== Shinikizo la juu la damu linachangia vifo vya watoto wachanga kuliko athari nyingine, nalo linaweza kupatiwa kinga.<ref>{{cite web|title= Global health risks: mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks.|url=http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GlobalHealthRisks_report_full.pdf|work=World Health Organization|year=2009|accessdate=10 February 2012}}</ref> It increases the risk of [[ischemic heart disease]]<ref name=pmid12493255>{{cite journal |author=Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R |title=Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies |journal=Lancet |volume=360 |issue=9349 |pages=1903–13 |year=2002 |month=December |pmid=12493255 |doi= 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11911-8|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_2002-12-14_360_9349/page/n13}}</ref> [[strokes]],<ref name="ABC" /> [[peripheral vascular disease]],<ref name="pmid18375152">{{cite journal |author=Singer DR, Kite A |title=Management of hypertension in peripheral arterial disease: does the choice of drugs matter? |journal=European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery |volume=35 |issue=6 |pages=701–8 |year=2008 |month=June |pmid=18375152 |doi=10.1016/j.ejvs.2008.01.007}}</ref> and other cardiovascular diseases, including [[heart failure]], [[aortic aneurysm]]s, diffuse [[atherosclerosis]], and [[pulmonary embolism]].<ref name="ABC" /> Hypertension is also a risk factor for [[cognitive impairment]], [[dementia]], and [[chronic kidney disease]].<ref name="ABC" /> Other complications include: *[[Hypertensive retinopathy]] *[[Hypertensive nephropathy]]<ref name="pmid19330604">{{cite journal |author=Zeng C, Villar VA, Yu P, Zhou L, Jose PA |title=Reactive oxygen species and dopamine receptor function in essential hypertension |journal=Clinical and Experimental Hypertension |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=156–78 |year=2009 |month=April |pmid=19330604 |doi=10.1080/10641960802621283}}</ref> ==Sababu== ===Shinikizo la juu la damu la msingi=== Shinikizo la juu la damu la msingi ni aina inayojulikana zaidi, ikiwa chanzo cha 90-95% za waathirika wa shinikizo la juu la damu<ref name="pmid10645931"/> Takriban katika jamii zote za kisasa shinikizo la damu linapanda juu katika nyakati za kuzeeka.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Vasan|first=RS|coauthors=Beiser, A, Seshadri, S, Larson, MG, Kannel, WB, D'Agostino, RB, Levy, D|title=Residual lifetime risk for developing hypertension in middle-aged women and men: The Framingham Heart Study.|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2002-02-27_287_8/page/1003|journal=JAMA: the journal of the American Medical Association|date=2002 Feb 27|volume=287|issue=8|pages=1003-10|pmid=11866648}}</ref> Shinikizo la juu la damu linatokana katika ushirikiano wa viini-urithi na athari za mazingira. Viini-urithi vingi vya kawaida vikiwa na athari ndogo juu ya shinikizo la damu vimeshatambulika<ref>The International Consortium for Blood Pressure Genome-Wide Association Studies. Genetic variants in novel pathways influence blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk. Nature 2011; 478: 103–109 doi:10.1038/nature10405</ref> na vilevile vingine vya nadra lakini vyenye athari kubwa katika hilo<ref>{{cite journal|last=Lifton|first=RP|coauthors=Gharavi, AG, Geller, DS|title=Molecular mechanisms of human hypertension.|url=https://archive.org/details/cell_2001-02-23_104_4/page/545|journal=Cell|date=2001 Feb 23|volume=104|issue=4|pages=545-56|pmid=11239411}}</ref> lakini shinikizo juu la damu linalotokana na viini-athari halijaeleweka vizuri hadi leo hii. [[Chumvi]] kidogo tu,<ref>{{cite journal|last=He|first=FJ|coauthors=MacGregor, GA|title=A comprehensive review on salt and health and current experience of worldwide salt reduction programmes.|journal=Journal of human hypertension|date=2009 Jun|volume=23|issue=6|pages=363-84|pmid=19110538}}</ref> matunda na vyakula visivyo na [[mafuta]] mengi (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension ([[DASH diet]])), [[mazoezi]],<ref name="ReferenceA">Dickinson HO, Mason JM, Nicolson DJ, Campbell F, Beyer FR, Cook JV, Williams B, Ford GA. Lifestyle interventions to reduce raised blood pressure: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Hypertens. 2006;24:215-33.</ref> [[weight loss]]<ref name=HaslamJames>{{cite journal |author=Haslam DW, James WP |title=Obesity |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_october-1-7-2005_366_9492/page/1197 |journal=Lancet |volume=366 |issue=9492 |pages=1197–209 |year=2005 |pmid=16198769 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67483-1}}</ref> na kutokunywa [[vileo]] sana ni misaada dhidi ya presha kupanda.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Whelton PK, He J, Appel LJ, Cutler JA, Havas S, Kotchen TA ''et al.'' | year = 2002 | title = Primary prevention of hypertension: Clinical and public health advisory from The National High Blood Pressure Education Program | url = | journal = JAMA | volume = 288 | issue = 15| pages = 1882–8 | doi = 10.1001/jama.288.15.1882 | pmid = 12377087 }}</ref> Jinsi [[uchovu]],<ref name="ReferenceA"/> [[kahawa]],<ref>Mesas AE, Leon-Muñoz LM, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Lopez-Garcia E. The effect of coffee on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in hypertensive individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;94:1113–26.</ref> na upungufu wa [[vitamini D]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Vaidya A, Forman JP |title=Vitamin D and hypertension: current evidence and future directions |journal=Hypertension |volume=56 |issue=5 |pages=774–9 |year=2010 |month=November |pmid=20937970 |doi=10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.140160 |url=}}</ref> vinavyochangia presha ya juu haieleweki vizuri. Kinzano dhidi ya [[insulin]] inafikiriwa pia kupandisha presha.<ref name="pmid12364344">{{cite journal |author=Sorof J, Daniels S |title=Obesity hypertension in children: a problem of epidemic proportions |journal=Hypertension |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=441–447 |year=2002 |month=October |pmid=12364344 |doi=10.1161/01.HYP.0000032940.33466.12 |url=http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12364344 |accessdate=2009-06-03 |archive-date=2012-12-05 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205010228/http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12364344 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Utafiti wa hivi karibuni umedhulumu matukio ya maisha ya watoto wachanga kwa mfano, [[uzito mdogo wa mtoto mchanga]], tabia ya uvutaji sigara ya akina mama, na [[kutowanyonyesha watoto]] kama athari za hatari zinazoumiza watu wazima na shinikizo la damu la kimsingi.<ref name = "Lawlor 2005">{{cite journal|last=Lawlor|first=DA|coauthors=Smith, GD|title=Early life determinants of adult blood pressure.|journal=Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension|date=2005 May|volume=14|issue=3|pages=259-64|pmid=15821420}}</ref> Hata hivyo, mahusiano hayo yanabaki fumbo.<ref name = "Lawlor 2005"/> ===Shinikizo la juu la damu la hatua ya pili=== Shinikizo la juu la damu la hatua ya pili linatokana na chanzo kinachojulikana. Maradhi ya mafigo ni chanzo kinachozidi cha shinikizo la juu la damu hatua ya pili.<ref name="ABC" /> Chanzo kingine cha shinikizo la juu la damu ni hali tofauti za tezi zenye kunyesa ndani kwa ndani kama kwa mfano [[Cushing's syndrome]], [[hyperthyroidism]], [[hypothyroidism]], [[acromegaly]], [[Conn's syndrome]] or [[hyperaldosteronism]], [[hyperparathyroidism]], and [[pheochromocytoma]].<ref name="ABC" /><ref>Dluhy RG, Williams GH. Endocrine hypertension. In: Wilson JD, Foster DW, Kronenberg HM, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 1998:729-49.</ref> Vyanzo vingine vya shinikizo la juu la damu hatua ya pili ni pamoja na [unene], [kushindwa kupumua kunakoleta usingizi wa mang’amung’amu], [kuwa na mimba], [kufinyika kwa aota], ulaji zaidi wa [urukususu] na dawa fulani zilizo halali zikiwa na zile zote zisizo halali pamoja na dawa za kienyeji.<ref name="ABC" /><ref>{{cite journal |author=Grossman E, Messerli FH |title=Drug-induced Hypertension: An Unappreciated Cause of Secondary Hypertension |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=125 |issue=1 |pages=14–22 |year=2012 |month=January |pmid=22195528 |doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.05.024 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-medicine_2012-01_125_1/page/14}}</ref> ==Pathophysiology== [[Image:Arterial pressure diagram.png|thumb|right|350px|A diagram explaining factors affecting [[arterial pressure]]]] Watu karibu wote wakiumia shinikizo la juu la damu la kimsingi linalowekwa imara, kinzi inayoongezeka kwa utiririko wa damu ([[kinzi kabisa ukingoni]]) inasababisha shinikizo la hali ya juu wakati utiririko wa damu kutoka moyoni unaendelea kama kawaida.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Conway J |title=Hemodynamic aspects of essential hypertension in humans |journal=Physiol. Rev. |volume=64 |issue=2 |pages=617–60 |year=1984 |month=April |pmid=6369352 |doi= |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_physiological-reviews_1984-04_64_2/page/617}}</ref> Uthibitisho upo kubainisha vijana wengine wanaoumia shinikizo la juu la damu ambalo halijashikana kabisa wana utiririko wa damu kutoka moyoni wa kiwango cha juu, pigo linalozidi kawaida la moyo na kinzi ya kawaida ukingoni (hyperkinetic borderline hypertension).<ref name = Palatini>{{cite journal |author=Palatini P, Julius S |title=The role of cardiac autonomic function in hypertension and cardiovascular disease |journal=Curr. Hypertens. Rep. |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=199–205 |year=2009 |month=June |pmid=19442329 |doi= |url=}}</ref> These individuals develop typical features of established essential hypertension in later life as their cardiac output falls and peripheral resistance rises with age.<ref name = Palatini /> Whether this pattern is typical of all people who ultimately develop hypertension is disputed.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Andersson OK, Lingman M, Himmelmann A, Sivertsson R, Widgren BR |title=Prediction of future hypertension by casual blood pressure or invasive hemodynamics? A 30-year follow-up study |journal=Blood Press. |volume=13 |issue=6 |pages=350–4 |year=2004 |pmid=15771219 |doi= |url=}}</ref> Increased peripheral resistance in established hypertension is mainly attributable to structural narrowing of small arteries and arterioles.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Folkow B |title=Physiological aspects of primary hypertension |journal=Physiol. Rev. |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=347–504 |year=1982 |month=April |pmid=6461865 |doi= |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_physiological-reviews_1982-04_62_2/page/n2}}</ref> Reduction in number or density of capillaries may also contribute to peripheral resistance.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Struijker Boudier HA, le Noble JL, Messing MW, Huijberts MS, le Noble FA, van Essen H |title=The microcirculation and hypertension |journal=J Hypertens Suppl |volume=10 |issue=7 |pages=S147–56 |year=1992 |month=December |pmid=1291649 |doi= |url=}}</ref> Shinikizo juu la damu pia linahusika na ukosefu wa ujikunjaji wa mishipa iliyoko ukingoni,<ref>{{cite journal |author=Safar ME, London GM |title=Arterial and venous compliance in sustained essential hypertension |journal=Hypertension |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=133–9 |year=1987 |month=August |pmid=3301662 |doi= |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_hypertension_1987-08_10_2/page/133}}</ref> which may increase return of blood to the heart, increase cardiac [[Preload (cardiology)|preload]], and ultimately cause [[diastolic dysfunction]]. Ikiwa kuongezeka kwa finyo linaloendelea la mishipa ya damu huchangia shinikizo la juu la damu la kimsingi linalowekwa imara hakujathibitishwa.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Schiffrin EL |title=Reactivity of small blood vessels in hypertension: relation with structural changes. State of the art lecture |journal=Hypertension |volume=19 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=II1-9 year=1992 month=February pmid=1735561 doi= }</ref> [[Pulse pressure]] (difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure) is frequently increased in older people with hypertension. This situation can involve systolic pressure that is abnormally high, but diastolic pressure may be normal or low. This condition is called [[isolated systolic hypertension]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Chobanian AV |title=Clinical practice. Isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=357 |issue=8 |pages=789–96 |year=2007 |month=August |pmid=17715411 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp071137 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2007-08-23_357_8/page/788}}</ref> High pulse pressure in elderly people with hypertension or isolated systolic hypertension is explained by increased [[arterial stiffness]], which typically accompanies aging and may be exacerbated by high blood pressure.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Zieman SJ, Melenovsky V, Kass DA |title=Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and therapy of arterial stiffness |journal=Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. |volume=25 |issue=5 |pages=932–43 |year=2005 |month=May |pmid=15731494 |doi=10.1161/01.ATV.0000160548.78317.29 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_arteriosclerosis-thrombosis-and-vascular-biology_2005-05_25_5/page/932}}</ref> Many mechanisms have been proposed to account for rise in resistance seen within arterial system in hypertension. Most evidence implicates one or both of these causes: * Disturbances in renal salt and water handling, particularly abnormalities of intrarenal [[renin-angiotensin system]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Navar LG |title=Counterpoint: Activation of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system is the dominant contributor to systemic hypertension |journal=J. Appl. Physiol. |volume=109 |issue=6 |pages=1998–2000; discussion 2015 |year=2010 |month=December |pmid=21148349 |pmc=3006411 |doi=10.1152/japplphysiol.00182.2010a |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-applied-physiology_2010-12_109_6/page/1998}}</ref> * Abnormalities of [[sympathetic nervous system]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Esler M, Lambert E, Schlaich M |title=Point: Chronic activation of the sympathetic nervous system is the dominant contributor to systemic hypertension |journal=J. Appl. Physiol. |volume=109 |issue=6 |pages=1996–8; discussion 2016 |year=2010 |month=December |pmid=20185633 |doi=10.1152/japplphysiol.00182.2010 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-applied-physiology_2010-12_109_6/page/1996}}</ref> These mechanisms are not mutually exclusive and it is likely that both contribute to some extent in most cases of essential hypertension. Limedokezwa kuwa kutofanya vizuri kwa kuta za ndani za mishipa ya damu pamoja na inflamesheni ya mishipa huenda inachangia kinzi inayoongezeka ukingoni pamoja na kuharibika kwa mishipa<ref>{{cite journal |author=Versari D, Daghini E, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L, Taddei S |title=Endothelium-dependent contractions and endothelial dysfunction in human hypertension |journal=Br. J. Pharmacol. |volume=157 |issue=4 |pages=527–36 |year=2009 |month=June |pmid=19630832 |pmc=2707964 |doi=10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00240.x |url=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Marchesi C, Paradis P, Schiffrin EL |title=Role of the renin-angiotensin system in vascular inflammation |journal=Trends Pharmacol. Sci. |volume=29 |issue=7 |pages=367–74 |year=2008 |month=July |pmid=18579222 |doi=10.1016/j.tips.2008.05.003 |url=}}</ref> == Utambuzi == {| class="wikitable" style = "float: right; margin-left: 15px; text-align: center" |- |+ Mfano vipimo kutumbukiza katika shinikizo la damu ! Mfumo ! Majaribio |- | [[mfumo mkojo ya figo]] | [[Urinalysis Microscopic urinalysis]], [[proteinuria]], serum bun [[blood urea nitrogen BUN]] <small> ([[damu urea nitrojeni]]) </small> na /au [[creatinine]] |- | [[Endokrini mfumo Endokrini]] | Serum [[sodiamu]], [[potasiamu]], [[calcium]], [[Thyroid-stimulating hormone|TSH]] <small> ([[thyroid-stimulating hormone]]) </small>. |- | [[Umetaboli]] | [[kufunga damu glucose]], cholesterol jumla, [[High-density lipoprotein|HDL]] na [[LDL]] cholesterol, [[triglycerides]] |- | Wengine | [[Hematocrit]], [[electrocardiogram]], na [[radiograph kifua]] |- | colspan=2 | Vyanzo: ''Harrison's ya kanuni ya dawa za ndani''<ref name="isbn0-07-147691-1">{{cite book |author=Loscalzo, Joseph; Fauci, Anthony S.; Braunwald, Eugene; Dennis L. Kasper; Hauser, Stephen L; Longo, Dan L. |editor= |others= |title=Harrison's principles of internal medicine |edition= |publisher=McGraw-Hill Medical |year=2008 |pages= |isbn=0-07-147691-1 |doi= |url=https://archive.org/details/harrisonsprincip0000unse_b7u9|accessdate=}}</ref> ''others''<ref name="pmid19417858">{{cite journal |author=Padwal RS |title=The 2009 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for the management of hypertension: Part 1 – blood pressure measurement, diagnosis and assessment of risk |journal=Canadian Journal of Cardiology |volume=25 |issue=5 |pages=279–86 |year=2009 |month=May |pmid=19417858 |doi= 10.1016/S0828-282X(09)70491-X|url= |pmc=2707176 |author-separator=, |author2=Hemmelgarn BR |author3=Khan NA |display-authors=3 |last4=Grover |first4=S |last5=McKay |first5=DW |last6=Wilson |first6=T |last7=Penner |first7=B |last8=Burgess |first8=E |last9=McAlister |first9=FA}}</ref><ref name="pmid18548142">{{cite journal |author=Padwal RJ |title=The 2008 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for the management of hypertension: Part 1 – blood pressure measurement, diagnosis and assessment of risk |journal=Canadian Journal of Cardiology |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=455–63 |year=2008 |month=June |pmid=18548142 |pmc=2643189 |doi= 10.1016/S0828-282X(08)70619-6|url= |author-separator=, |author2=Hemmelgarn BR |author3=Khan NA |display-authors=3 |last4=Grover |first4=S |last5=McAlister |first5=FA |last6=McKay |first6=DW |last7=Wilson |first7=T |last8=Penner |first8=B |last9=Burgess |first9=E}}</ref><ref name="pmid17534459">{{cite journal |author=Padwal RS |title=The 2007 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for the management of hypertension: Part 1 – blood pressure measurement, diagnosis and assessment of risk |journal=Canadian Journal of Cardiology |volume=23 |issue=7 |pages=529–38 |year=2007 |month=May |pmid=17534459 |pmc=2650756 |doi= 10.1016/S0828-282X(07)70797-3|url= |author-separator=, |author2=Hemmelgarn BR |author3=McAlister FA |display-authors=3 |last4=McKay |first4=DW |last5=Grover |first5=S |last6=Wilson |first6=T |last7=Penner |first7=B |last8=Burgess |first8=E |last9=Bolli |first9=P}}</ref><ref name="pmid16755312">{{cite journal |author=Hemmelgarn BR |title=The 2006 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for the management of hypertension: Part I – Blood pressure measurement, diagnosis and assessment of risk |journal=Canadian Journal of Cardiology |volume=22 |issue=7 |pages=573–81 |year=2006 |month=May |pmid=16755312 |pmc=2560864 |doi= 10.1016/S0828-282X(06)70279-3|url= |author-separator=, |author2=McAlister FA |author3=Grover S |display-authors=3 |last4=Myers |first4=MG |last5=McKay |first5=DW |last6=Bolli |first6=P |last7=Abbott |first7=C |last8=Schiffrin |first8=EL |last9=Honos |first9=G}}</ref><ref name="pmid16003448">{{cite journal |author=Hemmelgarn BR |title=The 2005 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for the management of hypertension: part 1- blood pressure measurement, diagnosis and assessment of risk |journal=Canadian Journal of Cardiology |volume=21 |issue=8 |pages=645–56 |year=2005 |month=June |pmid=16003448 |doi= |url= |author-separator=, |author2=McAllister FA |author3=Myers MG |display-authors=3 |last4=McKay |first4=DW |last5=Bolli |first5=P |last6=Abbott |first6=C |last7=Schiffrin |first7=EL |last8=Grover |first8=S |last9=Honos |first9=G}}</ref> |} Shinikizo la damu ni kupatikana wakati mgonjwa ana vinavyoendelea shinikizo la damu. Kijadi,<ref name="NICE127 full"/> utambuzi unahitaji vipimo vitatu vya sphygmomanometer tofauti kwa vipindi vya mwezi mmoja.<ref>{{cite book |author=North of England Hypertension Guideline Development Group |chapter=Frequency of measurements |page=53 |title=Essential hypertension (NICE CG18) |publisher=[[National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence]] |date=1 August 2004 |url=http://guidance.nice.org.uk/index.jsp?action=download&o=48384 |accessdate=2011-12-22 |archive-date=2012-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120714085714/http://guidance.nice.org.uk/index.jsp?action=download&o=48384 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Ya awali ya ukaguzi ya wagonjwa la damu ni pamoja na historia na uchunguzi wa kimwili [[Medical history|history]] na [[physical examination]]. Pamoja na Upatikanaji wa saa 24 [[ambulatory wachunguzi wa shinikizo la damu]] mashine ya damu nyumbani shinikizo, muhimu wa kuepuka utambuzi sahihi ya wagonjwa na shinikizo la damu kanzu nyeupe imesababisha mabadiliko katika itifaki. Katika Uingereza, sasa ni bora kufuatilia moja alimfufua kliniki ya kusoma na kipimo ambulatory. Kufuatilia pia inaweza kufanyika, lakini chini ya walau, na nyumbani ufuatiliaji shinikizo la damu katika kipindi cha siku saba.<ref name="NICE127 full">{{cite book |author=National Clinical Guideline Centre |title=Hypertension (NICE CG 127) |publisher=[[National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence]] |chapter=7 Diagnosis of Hypertension, 7.5 Link from evidence to recommendations |page=102 |date=August 2011 |url=http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/13561/56007/56007.pdf |accessdate=2011-12-22 |archive-date=2013-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723014309/http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/13561/56007/56007.pdf |dead-url=yes |=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723014309/http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/13561/56007/56007.pdf }}</ref> Mara baada ya uchunguzi wa shinikizo la damu yamepatikana, madaktari kujaribu kubaini sababu ya msingi juu ya hatari na dalili nyingine, kama sasa. [[shinikizo la damu sekondari]] ni ya kawaida zaidi kwa watoto karibisha kijani na kesi nyingi husababiswa na ugonjwa wa figo [[renal disease]]. Msingi au shinikizo la damu ni muhimu zaidi ya kawaida katika Vijana na ina hatari nyingi, ikiwa ni pamoja na hatima na historia ya familia ya shinikizo la damu.<ref name="pmid16719248">{{cite journal | author = Luma GB, Spiotta RT | title = Hypertension in children and adolescents | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_american-family-physician_2006-05-01_73_9/page/n79 | journal = Am Fam Physician | volume = 73 | issue = 9 | pages = 1558–68 | month = may | year = 2006 | pmid = 16719248}}</ref> Vipimo vya maabara pia kuwa walifanya kubainisha sababu ya uwezekano wa shinikizo la damu ya sekondari, na kuamua kama shinikizo la damu unaosababisha uharibifu wa moyo, macho, na mafigo. Vipimo vya ziada kama ajali ya ugonjwa wa[[kisukari]] na Viwango vya juu vya cholesterol ni kutumbukiza kwa sababu hizi ni hali ya hatari kwa ajili ya maendeleo ya [[ugonjwa wa moyo]] na kuhitaji matibabu.<ref name="pmid10645931"/> Creatinine [[Serum]] ni kipimo cha kupima kwa uwepo wa ugonjwa wa figo, ambao unaweza kuwa ama sababu au matokeo ya shinikizo la damu. Serum creatinine peke inaweza kuza thamani [[kiwango ya glomerular filtration]]. Miongozo ya hivi karibuni kutetea matumizi ya mamlinganyo uingizaji kama vile [[Muundo wa mpangilio wa chakula katika formula figo Magonjwa]] (MDRD) na makisio ya kiwango cha glomerular filtration (eGFR). <ref name = JNC7 /> eGFR pia yanaweza kutoa kipimo msingi ya kazi ya figo ambayo yanaweza kutumika kwa ajili ya kufuatilia madhara ya dawa kadhaa antihypertensive juu ya kazi ya figo. Upimaji wa sampuli za mkojo kwa ajili ya [[proteinuria|protini]] kutumika kama kiashiria cha sekondari ya ugonjwa wa figo. [[Electrocardiogram]] (EKG/ECG) ni kufanyika kwa kuangalia kwa ushahidi kwamba moyo upo katika matatizo kutokana na shinikizo la damu. Inaweza pia kuonyesha kugandamana kwa misuli ya moyo ([[kushoto ventrikali hypertrophy]]) au kama moyo una uzoefu kabla madogo ya usumbufu kama vile mashambulizi ya kimya moyo. [[Kifua X-ray]] au [[echocardiogram]] pia inaweza kufanywa kwa kuangalia kwa ishara ya moyo utvidgningen au uharibifu wa moyo. <ref name="ABC" /> ==Kinga== Idadi ya watu ambao wanashinikiza la juu la damu ni kubwa japo hawatambui.<ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite journal|last=Williams|first=B|coauthors=Poulter, NR, Brown, MJ, Davis, M, McInnes, GT, Potter, JF, Sever, PS, McG Thom, S, British Hypertension, Society|title=Guidelines for management of hypertension: report of the fourth working party of the British Hypertension Society, 2004-BHS IV.|journal=Journal of human hypertension date=2004 Mar|volume=18|issue=3|pages=139-85|pmid=14973512}}</ref> Hutua ya kushughulikia idadi ya watu wote wanaotakiwa kupunguza madhara ya shinikizo la damu na kupunguza haja ya tiba ya antihypertensive dawa za kulevya. Mabadiliko ya maisha Ilipendekeza kuwa shinikizo la damu liwe chini, kabla ya kuanza dawa za tiba. 2004 Uingereza shinikizo la damu Society la miongozo<ref name="ReferenceB"/> mapendekezo ya mabadiliko ya maisha yafuatayo sambamba na miongozo ilivyoainishwa na Marekani ya taifa ya mipango ya High BP elimu ya mwaka 2002<ref>{{cite journal | author = Whelton PK ''et al.'' | year = 2002 | title = Primary prevention of hypertension. Clinical and public health advisory from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program | url = | journal = JAMA | volume = 288 | issue = 15| pages = 1882–1888 | doi = 10.1001/jama.288.15.1882 | pmid = 12377087 }}</ref> kwa ajili ya kuzuia msingi wa shinikizo la damu ni kama ifuatavyo: * Kudumisha kawaida uzito wa mwili (kwa mfano. mwili molekuli index 20–25&nbsp;kg/m²). * Kupunguza malazi sodium ujali kwa mmol <100&nbsp; mmol/ siku (<6 g ya kloridi sodium au<2.4 g ya sodium kwa siku). * Kushiriki katika shughuli za mara kwa mara aerobic kimwili kama vile kutembea upesi (≥30 min kwa siku, wengi siku za juma). * Punguza pombe kwa vitengo visivyozidi 3 units/ kwa siku kwa wanaume na vitengo visivyozidi 2 units/ kwa siku kwa wanawake. * Hutumia lishe lenye matunda na mbonga (kwa mfano, angalau tano sehemu kwa siku). Mabadiliko mwafaka ya mtindo wa maisha yanaweza kupunguza shinikizo la damu kama ilivyo kwa dawa ya mtu binafsi ya antihypertensive na kupata matokeo bora zaidi. <ref name="ReferenceB"/> ==Udhibiti== ===Mabadiliko katika mtindo wa maisha === Aina ya kwanza ya matibabu ya shinikizo la damu ni inafanana na mabadiliko ya mtindo wa maisha yaliyopendekezwa,<ref name="npsppr">{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.org.au/health_professionals/publications/prescribing_practice_review/current/prescribing_practice_review_52 |title=NPS Prescribing Practice Review 52: Treating hypertension |date=September 1, 2010 |publisher=NPS Medicines Wise |accessdate=November 5, 2010 |archivedate=2013-06-26 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6HefAmPDs?url=http://www.nps.org.au/publications/health-professional/prescribing-practice-review }}</ref> na ni pamoja na mabadiliko ya malazi<ref>{{cite journal|last=Siebenhofer|first=A|coauthors=Jeitler, K, Berghold, A, Waltering, A, Hemkens, LG, Semlitsch, T, Pachler, C, Strametz, R, Horvath, K|title=Long-term effects of weight-reducing diets in hypertensive patients journal=Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online)|date=2011-09-07|volume=9|pages=CD008274|pmid=21901719|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD008274.pub2|editor1-last=Siebenhofer|editor1-first=Andrea}}</ref> physical exercise, and weight loss. Mazoezi ya viungo, na kupunguza uzito. Mabadiliko haya yote yameonekana kupunguza kwa kiasi kikubwa shinikizo la damu<ref>{{cite journal |author=Blumenthal JA |title=Effects of the DASH diet alone and in combination with exercise and weight loss on blood pressure and cardiovascular biomarkers in men and women with high blood pressure: the ENCORE study |journal=Arch. Intern. Med. |volume=170 |issue=2 |pages=126–35 |year=2010 |month=January |pmid=20101007 |doi=10.1001/archinternmed.2009.470 |url= |author-separator=, |author2=Babyak MA |author3=Hinderliter A |display-authors=3 |last4=Watkins |first4=L. L. |last5=Craighead |first5=L. |last6=Lin |first6=P.-H. |last7=Caccia |first7=C. |last8=Johnson |first8=J. |last9=Waugh |first9=R.}}</ref> kama shinikizo la damu ni ya juu kiasi cha kuhalalisha matumizi ya haraka ya dawa, mabadiliko ya maisha bado yanapendekezwa.. Mipango mbalimbali iliyoundwa na kupunguza dhiki ya kisaikolojia [[biofeedback]], ulegezaji, au kutafakari hutangazwa ili kupunguza shinikizo la damu. Hata hivyo, tafiti za kisayansi, kwa ujumlahazina usaidi wala ufanisi wao, kwa sababu masomo kwa ujumla ya ubora wa chini.<ref name="pmid19822104">{{cite journal |author=Greenhalgh J, Dickson R, Dundar Y |title=The effects of biofeedback for the treatment of essential hypertension: a systematic review |journal=Health Technol Assess |volume=13 |issue=46 |pages=1–104 |year=2009 |month=October |pmid=19822104 |doi=10.3310/hta13460 |url= |doi_brokendate=2010-08-21}}</ref><ref name="pmid18350109">{{cite journal |author=Rainforth MV, Schneider RH, Nidich SI, Gaylord-King C, Salerno JW, Anderson JW |title=Stress Reduction Programs in Patients with Elevated Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |journal=Curr. Hypertens. Rep. |volume=9 |issue=6 |pages=520–8 |year=2007 |month=December |pmid=18350109 |pmc=2268875 |doi= 10.1007/s11906-007-0094-3|url=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Ospina MB |title=Meditation practices for health: state of the research |journal=Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) |volume= |issue=155 |pages=1–263 |year=2007 |month=June |pmid=17764203 |doi= |url= |author-separator=, |author2=Bond K |author3=Karkhaneh M |display-authors=3 |last4=Tjosvold |first4=L |last5=Vandermeer |first5=B |last6=Liang |first6=Y |last7=Bialy |first7=L |last8=Hooton |first8=N |last9=Buscemi |first9=N}}</ref> Malazi na mabadiliko kama vile chakula [[cha chini sodiamu]] ni faida. Muda mrefu (zaidi ya wiki 4) chini -sodiamu chakula katika [[Caucasian, race Caucasians]] ni bora katika kupunguza shinikizo la damu, kwa watu na shinikizo la damu na kwa watu wenye shinikizo la damu ya kawaida.<ref name=cochrane2008>{{cite journal|last=He|first=FJ|coauthors=MacGregor, GA|title=Effect of longer-term modest salt reduction on blood pressure. journal=Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online)|date=2004|issue=3|pages=CD004937|pmid=15266549|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clsysrev/articles/CD004937/frame.html}}</ref> pia, chakula [[DASH diet]], lishe lenye karanga, nafaka, samaki, kuku, matunda, na mboga, ambayo husaidia kukuza moyo na [[Taifa , Mpafu, na damu Taasisi]], punguza shinikizo la damu. Kipengele kikubwa cha mpango wa [[sodiamu]], ingawa mlo pia ni tajiri [[potassiamu]], [[magnesiamu]], [[calcium]], na [[protini]].<ref name="dashguide">{{cite web|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/hbp/dash/new_dash.pdf|title=Your Guide To Lowering Your Blood Pressure With DASH|format=PDF|accessdate=2009-06-08}}</ref> ===Dawa=== Madarasa kadhaa ya dawa, pamoja inajulikana kama [[antihypertensive madawa]] ya kulevya s, sasa zipo kwa ajili ya kutibu shinikizo la damu. Mtu hatari wa moyo na mishipa (ikiwa ni pamoja na hatari ya infarction myocardial na kiharusi) na masomo ya shinikizo la damu ni kuchukuliwa wakati maagizo madawa ya kulevya.<ref name=nps01>{{cite journal |url=http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/33/4/108/12 |title=Drug treatment of elevated blood pressure |author=Nelson, Mark |journal=Australian Prescriber |issue=33 |pages=108–112 |accessdate=August 11, 2010}}</ref> Ikiwa matibabu ya madawa ya kulevya ni ikianzishwa,Moyo ya taifa,Mapafu,na damu Taasisi ya saba ya pamoja ya kamati ya taifa ya juu ya shinizo la damu (JNC-7)<ref name = JNC7>{{cite journal |author=Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, ''et al.'' |title=Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure |journal=Hypertension |volume=42 |issue=6 |pages=1206–52 |year=2003 |month=December |pmid=14656957 |doi=10.1161/01.HYP.0000107251.49515.c2 |url=http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/42/6/1206.long}}</ref> Inapendezeka kwamba kufuatilia daktari kwa ajili ya Kukabiliana na matibabu kwa ajili ya kutathmini na athari yoyote mbaya kutokana na dawa. Kupunguza [[shinikizo la damu]] na 5&nbsp;mmHg inaweza kupunguza hatari ya kiharusi kwa 34% na hatari ya[[ungonjwa wa moyo ischemic]] kwa 21%. Shinikizo la damu kupunguza pia husaidia kupunguza uwezekano wa [[shida ya akili]], [[moyo kushindwa]], na [[vifo]] kutokana na [[ugonjwa wa moyo na mishipa]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Law M, Wald N, Morris J |title=Lowering blood pressure to prevent myocardial infarction and stroke: a new preventive strategy |journal=Health Technol Assess |volume=7 |issue=31 |pages=1–94 |year=2003 |pmid=14604498 |url=http://www.hta.ac.uk/fullmono/mon731.pdf |access-date=2013-03-06 |archive-date=2011-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110304150457/http://www.hta.ac.uk/fullmono/mon731.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Lengo la matibabu ya lazima ya kupunguza shinikizo la damu na chini ya 140/90&nbsp;mmHg kwa ajili ya watu wengi, na chini kwa kale wenye ugonjwa wa kisukari au ugonjwa wa figo. Baadhi ya wataalamu wa afya kupendekeza kuweka Viwango vya chini 120/80&nbsp;mmHg.<ref name=nps01 /><ref>{{cite web|first=Gina |last=Shaw |url=http://www.webmd.com/content/article/73/88927.htm |title=Prehypertension: Early-stage High Blood Pressure |publisher=WebMD |date=2009-03-07 |accessdate=2009-07-03}}</ref> Kama lengo shinikizo la damu si alikutana,matibabu zaidi inahitajika.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1161/01.HYP.0000200702.76436.4b|url=http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/47/3/345|title=Therapeutic Inertia Is an Impediment to Achieving the Healthy People 2010 Blood Pressure Control Goals|author=Eni C. Okonofua; Kit N. Simpson; Ammar Jesri; Shakaib U. Rehman; Valerie L. Durkalski; Brent M. Egan|journal=Hypertension|volume=47|issue=2006;47:345|pages=345–51|date=January 23, 2006|accessdate=2009-11-22|pmid=16432045}}</ref> Miongozo juu ya uchaguzi wa dawa na jinsi ya kuamua bora kwa ajili ya matibabu subgroups mbalimbali vilivyobadilika na tofauti kati ya nchi. Wataalamu wala kukubaliana kuhusu dawa bora.<ref name=Compare10>{{cite journal|last=Klarenbach|first=SW|coauthors=McAlister, FA, Johansen, H, Tu, K, Hazel, M, Walker, R, Zarnke, KB, Campbell, NR, Canadian Hypertension Education, Program|title=Identification of factors driving differences in cost effectiveness of first-line pharmacological therapy for uncomplicated hypertension. journal=The Canadian journal of cardiology|date=2010 May|volume=26|issue=5|pages=e158-63|pmid=20485695}}</ref> The [[Kushirikiana Cochrane]], [[Shirila la Afya ya Duniani]], na Umoja wa Mataifa kusaidi miomgozo ya chini -dozi [[Thiazide|thiazide-makao diuretic]] kama matibabu ina penda zaidi ya awali.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Wright JM, Musini VM |title=First-line drugs for hypertension |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |volume= |issue=3 |pages=CD001841 |year=2009 |pmid=19588327 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001841.pub2 |url= |editor1-last=Wright |editor1-first=James M}}</ref><ref name=Compare10/> Uingereza Miongozo kusisitiza [[calcium channel blocker]]s (CCB) kwa ajili ya watu zaidi ya umri wa miaka 55 au ya Afrika au Caribbean asili ya familia. Miongozo kupendekeza [[angiotensin-kuwabadili enzyme kiviza]]s (ACEI)s kama matibabu ina penda zaidi ya awali kwa ajili ya watu wadogo.<ref name="NICE127-drug"/> katika Japan, kwa kunzia na mtu yeyote wa Madarasa sita ya dawa ikiwa ni pamoja na : CCB, ACEI/ARB, thiazide diuretics, [[beta blockers]], na [[blockers alpha]] ni aliona nafuu. Katika Canada, yote ya dawa hizi isopokuwa alpha blockers- ni Ilipendekeza kama inawezekana chaguzi ya kwanza. <ref name=Compare10/> ====Madawa ya mchanganyiko==== Watu wengi wanahitaji zaidi ya moja ya madawa ya kudhibiti shinikizo la damu zao. JNC7<ref name = JNC7/> and ESH-ESC guidelines<ref name=ESH-ESC /> Wakili kuanza matibabu ya madawa ya mbili wakati shinikizo la damu ni zaidi ya 20&nbsp; mmHg hapo juu systolic au zaidi ya 10&nbsp; mmHg juu ya malengo ya diastolic. Michanganyiko ya ku penda zaidi ni rennin-angiotensin na Kalsium channel blockers, au inhibitors renin–angiotensin na diuretics.<ref name = sever>{{cite journal |author=Sever PS, Messerli FH |title=Hypertension management 2011: optimal combination therapy |journal=Eur. Heart J. |volume=32 |issue=20 |pages=2499–506 |year=2011 |month=October |pmid=21697169 |doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehr177 |url=}}</ref> Michanganyiko kukubalika ni pamoja na yafuatayo: * Calcium channel blockers na diuretics * Beta blockers na diuretics * Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers na beta blockers * Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers na ama verapamil or diltiazem Michanganyiko haikubaliki ni kama ifuatavyo: * Yasiyo ya calcium blockers (kama vile verapamil au diltiazem) na beta blockers * Dual renin–angiotensin mfumo blockade (Kwa mfano, angiotensin kuwabadili enzyme kiviza + angiotensin receptor blocker) * Renin–angiotensin mfumo blockers na beta blockers * Beta blockers na madawa ya anti-adrenergic. <ref name = sever /> Kuepuka michanganyiko ya kiviza ACE inhibitor au angiotensin II adui receptor antagonist, a diuretic, na [[NSAID]] (Ikiwa pamoja na kuchangua COX-2 inhibitors na madawa ya kulevya nonprescribed kama vile ibuprofen) kila inapowezekana kutokana na hatari kubwa ya kushindwa kwa figo papo hapo. Mchanganyiko inajulikana simo kama “whammy triple” katika maandiko ya Australia ya Afya. <ref name="npsppr" /> Vidonge vyenye mchanganyiko za kudumu wa Madarasa mawili ya dawa za kutosha. Wakati wao ni rahisi, wao ni bora akiba kwa ajili ya watu ambao ni amara katika vipengele mtu binafsi. <ref>{{cite book |title=British National Formulary |volume=No. 62 |date=September 2011 |chapter=2.5.5.1 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors |chapterurl=http://bnf.org/bnf/bnf/current/2578.htm |accessdate=2011-12-22 |archive-date=2021-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223201747/https://about.medicinescomplete.com/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> ===Wazee=== Kutibu wastani kwa presha kali itapungua vifo na athari upande wa moyo na mishipa katika watu wenye umri wa miaka 60 na kuendelea.<ref name=Cochrane09/> Katika watu zaidi ya miaka 80 na umri wa tiba haionekani kwa kiasi kikubwa kupunguza vifo vya jumla lakini kupunguza hatari ya ungonjwa wa moyo.<ref name=Cochrane09>{{cite journal |author=Musini VM, Tejani AM, Bassett K, Wright JM |title=Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in the elderly |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |volume= |issue=4 |pages=CD000028 |year=2009 |pmid=19821263 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD000028.pub2 |url= |editor1-last=Musini |editor1-first=Vijaya M}}</ref> Ilipendekeza shinikizo la damu lengo ni chini ya 140/90&nbsp;mm Hg na [[thiazide diuretic]]s ya kuwa dawa yaku penda zaidi katika Amerika.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Aronow WS, Fleg JL, Pepine CJ, ''et al.'' |title=ACCF/AHA 2011 expert consensus document on hypertension in the elderly: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus documents developed in collaboration with the American Academy of Neurology, American Geriatrics Society, American Society for Preventive Cardiology, American Society of Hypertension, American Society of Nephrology, Association of Black Cardiologists, and European Society of Hypertension |journal=J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. |volume=57 |issue=20 |pages=2037–114 |year=2011 |month=May |pmid=21524875 |doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2011.01.008 |url=https://archive.org/details/journal-of-the-american-college-of-cardiology_2011-05-17_57_20/page/2037}}</ref> Katika mwongozo mpya Uingereza, [[Kalsiamu-channel blocker]]s ya matibabu ina penda zaidi na masomo kliniki lengo la chini ya 150/90&nbsp;mmHg, au chini ya 145/85&nbsp;mmHg juu ya ufuatiliaji ambulatory au nyumbani shinikizo la damu.<ref name="NICE127-drug">{{cite web |author=National Institute Clinical Excellence |title=1.5 Initiating and monitoring antihypertensive drug treatment, including blood pressure targets |work=GC127 Hypertension: Clinical management of primary hypertension in adults |url=http://publications.nice.org.uk/hypertension-cg127/guidance#initiating-and-monitoring-antihypertensive-drug-treatment-including-blood-pressure-targets-2 |date=August 2011 |accessdate=2011-12-23 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6HefEbMNE?url=http://publications.nice.org.uk/hypertension-cg127/guidance#initiating-and-monitoring-antihypertensive-drug-treatment-including-blood-pressure-targets-2 |archivedate=2013-06-26 }}</ref> ===Shinikizo sugu la damu=== Shinikizo sugu la damu ni shinikizo la damu kwamba bado hapo juu lengo shinikizo la damu licha ya matumizi ya mawakala wa tatu antihypertensive mali ya madaraja mbalimbali ya madawa ya kulevya antihypertensive wote mara moja. Miongozo kwa ajili ya kutibu shinikizo la damu sugu yamechapishwa katika Uingereza<ref name="NICE-BP">{{cite web |title=CG34 Hypertension - quick reference guide |publisher=[[National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence]] |date=28 June 2006 |url=http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/cg034quickrefguide.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2009-03-04 |archivedate=2009-03-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313072133/http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/cg034quickrefguide.pdf |=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313072133/http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/cg034quickrefguide.pdf }}</ref> and the US.<ref name="pmid18391085">{{cite journal |author=Calhoun DA |title=Resistant hypertension: diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment. A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Professional Education Committee of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_hypertension_2008-06_51_6/page/1403 |journal=Hypertension |volume=51 |issue=6 |pages=1403–19 |year=2008 |month=June |pmid=18391085 |doi=10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.189141 |author-separator=, |author2=Jones D |author3=Textor S |display-authors=3 |last4=Goff |first4=D. C. |last5=Murphy |first5=T. P. |last6=Toto |first6=R. D. |last7=White |first7=A. |last8=Cushman |first8=W. C. |last9=White |first9=W.}}</ref> ==Uenezi== Mwaka [[2015]] takriban 16-37% ya idadi ya watu wazima wa dunia, walikuwa na shinikizo la juu la damu.<ref name="pmid15652604">{{cite journal |author=Kearney PM, Whelton M, Reynolds K, Muntner P, Whelton PK, He J |title=Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data |journal=[[The Lancet]] |volume=365 |issue=9455 |pages=217–23 |year=2005 |pmid=15652604 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17741-1}}</ref> Ilikuwa ni kawaida katika nchi zote: zilizoendelea (333 milioni) na zisizostawi (639 milioni).<ref name="pmid15652604"/> Hata hivyo, viwango hutofautiana vikubwa katika mikoa mbalimbali kwa viwango vya chini kama 3.4% (wanaume) na 6.8% (wanawake) katika maeneo ya vijijini [[India]] na kama 68.9% (wanaume) na 72.5% (wanawake) katika [[Polandi]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Kearney PM, Whelton M, Reynolds K, Whelton PK, He J |title=Worldwide prevalence of hypertension: a systematic review |journal=J. Hypertens. |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=11–9 |year=2004 |month=January |pmid=15106785 |doi= |url=}}</ref> Mwaka 1995 ilikadiriwa kuwa milioni 43 watu Marekani walikuwa na shinikizo la juu la damu au walikuwa wakitumia dawa ya kulipunguza. [[Takwimu]] hiyo inawakilisha karibu 24% ya idadi ya watu wazima nchini. <ref name="pmid7875754">{{cite journal |author=Burt VL |title=Prevalence of hypertension in the US adult population. Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1991 |journal=Hypertension |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=305–13 |year=1995 |month=March |pmid=7875754 |doi= |url=http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7875754 |access date=2009-06-05 |author-separator=, |author2=Whelton P |author3=Roccella EJ |display-authors=3 |last4=Brown |first4=C |last5=Cutler |first5=JA |last6=Higgins |first6=M |last7=Horan |first7=MJ |last8=Labarthe |first8=D |access-date=2013-03-06 |archive-date=2012-12-05 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205091508/http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7875754 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Viwango vya shinikizo la damu nchini Marekani walikuwa kuongezeka na kufikia 29% mwaka 2004.<ref name="pmid7607734"/><ref name="pmid17608879">{{cite journal |author=Ostchega Y, Dillon CF, Hughes JP, Carroll M, Yoon S |title=Trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in older U.S. adults: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988 to 2004 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-american-geriatrics-society_2007-07_55_7/page/1056 |journal=Journal of the American Geriatrics Society |volume=55 |issue=7 |pages=1056–65 |year=2007 |month=July |pmid=17608879 |doi=10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01215.x}}</ref> Kama ilivyo mwaka 2006 shinikizo la damu huathiri watu wazima 76 milioni Marekani (34% ya idadi ya watu) na kuwa miongoni mwa viwango yva juu zaidi vya shinikizo la damu katika dunia kwa 44%.<ref name =AHA2010 /> Ni zaidi ya kawaida katika Wamerikani uliotekea na chini ya kawaida katika Wazungu na [[Hispanics]]. Viwango vya kuongezeka kwa umri, na ni mkubwa [[kusini mashariki mwa Marekani]]. Shinikizo la damu ni la kawaida zaidi ndani ya wanaume kulinganisha na wanawake (ingawa wanakuwa wamemaliza kuelekea kupunguza tofauti hii) na kwa wale wa hali ya [[chini kiuchumi]].<ref name="pmid10645931"/> === Watoto=== Viwango ya shinikizo la damu kwa watoto inaongezeka.<ref name="pmid19421783">{{cite journal |author=Falkner B |title=Hypertension in children and adolescents: epidemiology and natural history |journal=Pediatr. Nephrol. |volume= 25|issue= 7|pages= 1219–24|year=2009 |month=May |pmid=19421783 |pmc=2874036 |doi=10.1007/s00467-009-1200-3}} </ref> Zaidi shinikizo la damu kwa watoto, hasa kabla ya [[ubalehe]], linategemea ugonjwa mwingine wa msingi. Mbali na fetma, figo ugomjwa ni sababu ya kawaida (60–70%) ya shiniko la damu kwa watoto. Vijana kawaida kuwa na msingi au muhimu shinikizo la damu, ambayo akaunti kwa ajili ya 85–95% ya kesi. <ref name=aafp>{{cite journal |author=Luma GB, Spiotta RT |title=Hypertension in children and adolescents |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=73 |issue=9 |pages=1558–68 |year=2006 |month=May |pmid=16719248 |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/20060501/1558.html |access-date=2013-03-06 |archive-date=2007-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926230038/http://www.aafp.org/afp/20060501/1558.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> ==Historia== [[Image:William Harvey ( 1578-1657) Venenbild.jpg|Mchoro wa [[veni]] katika [[kitabu]] cha [[William Harvey]] ''Exercitatio anatomica de motu cordis et sanguinis in animalibus'' (“An Anatomical Exercise on the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Living Beings”)|right|thumb]] Uelewa wa kisasa wa mfumo wa moyo ulianza na kazi ya mtabibu [[William Harvey]] (1578-1657). Harvey alielezea mzunguko wa damu katika kitabu chake ''De Otu ordis'' ("On Motion of the Heart and Blood"). [[Padri]] wa [[Uingereza]] [[Stephen Hales]] alifanya kipimo cha kwanza cha kuchapishwa cha kipimo cha shinikizo la damu katika mwaka 1733 .<ref name="pmid1744849"/><ref name=Kotchen2011>{{cite journal |author=Kotchen TA |title=Historical trends and milestones in hypertension research: a model of the process of translational research |journal=Hypertension |volume=58 |issue=4 |pages=522–38 |year=2011 |month=October |pmid=21859967 |doi=10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.177766}}</ref> Maelezo ya shinikizo la damu kama ugonjwa ulitoka, miongoni mwa wengine, [[Thomas Young]] katika mwaka 1808 na [[Richard Bright (mtabibu)|Richard Bright]] katika mwaka 1836 .<ref name="pmid1744849"/> Ripoti ya kwanza ya muiniko wa shinikizo la damu katika mtu bila ushahidi wa ugonjwa wa figo ilitolewa na [[Frederick Akbar Mahomed]] (1849-1884).<ref>{{cite book |editor=Swales JD|title=Manual of hypertension |url=https://archive.org/details/manualofhyperten0000unse|publisher=Blackwell Science |location=Oxford |year=1995 |pages=xiii |isbn=0-86542-861-1}}</ref> Hata hivyo, shinikizo la damu kama chombo cha kliniki ilikuja kuwa katika mwaka 1896 na uvumbuzi wa cuff [[sphygmomanometer]] na [[Scipione Riva-Rocci]] mwaka 1896.<ref>{{cite book | title=A century of arterial hypertension 1896–1996 | url=https://archive.org/details/centuryofarteria0000unse | editor=Postel-Vinay N | page=213 | location=Chichester | publisher=Wiley | year=1996 | isbn=0-471-96788-2}}</ref> Uvumbuzi huu uliruhusu shinikizo la damu kupimwa katika [[zahanati]]. Mwaka 1905, [[Nikolai Korotkoff]] aliboresha mbinu kwa kueleza [[Korotkoff sounds]] ambazo zilisikiwa wakati ateri ilikuwa auscultated na stetoskopu wakati sphygmomanometer cuff ilikuwa imwetolewa upepo<ref name=Kotchen2011/> Kihistoria matibabu ya kiitwacho "ugonjwa mgumu wa pigo la moyo" ilihusisha kupunguza kiasi cha damu na [[blood letting]] au kupaka [[leech]]es.<ref name="pmid1744849">{{cite journal |author=Esunge PM |title=From blood pressure to hypertension: the history of research |journal=J R Soc Med |volume=84 |issue=10 |pages=621 |year=1991 |month=October |pmid=1744849 |pmc=1295564}}</ref> [[Yellow Emperor]] wa Uchina, [[Aulus Cornelius Celsus|Cornelius Celsus]], [[Galen]], na [[Hippocrates]] walitetea kuruhusu damu.<ref name="pmid1744849"/> Katika karne za 19 na 20, kabla ya matibabu ya ufanisi ya pharmacological ya shinikizo la damu ilikuwa inawezekana, taratibu tatu za matibabu zilitumika, zote zikiwa na athari mbalimbali. Namna hizi ni pamoja na taratibu kali za kizuizi cha sodiamu, (kwa mfano, lishe la mchele <ref name="pmid1744849"/>), [[sympathectomy]] (upasuaji wa kukausha sehemu za [[sympathetic nervous system]]), na tiba ya pyrogen (kudungwa dutu ambazo zilisababisha homa, pasipo moja kwa moja kupunguza shinikizo la damu).<ref name="pmid1744849"/> Kemikali ya kwanza ya shinikizo la damu, [[sodium thiocyanate]], ilitumika mwaka 1900 lakini ilikuwa na madhara mengi na haikupendwa.<ref name="pmid1744849"/> Mawakala wengine kadhaa waliundwa baada ya [[World War II|Second World War]]. Maarufu zaidi na fanisi kiasi ilikuwa [[tetramethylammonium hidrojeni]] na isio na uasili yake [[hexamethonium]], [[hydralazine]], na [[reserpine]] (inayotokana na mmea wa dawa ''[[Rauwolfia serpentina]]''). Uvumbuzi kubwa ilikuwa ya mafanikio na ugunduzi wa mawakala wa mdomo wa kwanza nzuri wanapatikana wanayovumiliwa. Ya kwanza ilikuwa [[chlorothiazide]], ya kwanza [[thiazide]] [[diuretic]], ambayo iliundwa na kiua vijasumu [[sulfanilamide]] na kupatikana mwaka 1958.<ref name="pmid1744849"/><ref>{{cite journal|author=Novello FC, Sprague JM | title=Benzothiadiazine dioxides as novel diuretics | journal=J. Am. Chem. Soc. | year=1957 | volume=79 | pages=2028 | doi=10.1021/ja01565a079|issue=8}}</ref> Iliongeza takamwili ya chumvi wakati inazuia mkusanyiko wa maji. [[randomized controlled trial]] ambayo ilifadhiliwa na [[United States Department of Veterans Affairs|Veterans Administration]] ikilinganishwa na [[hydrochlorothiazide]] pamoja na reserpine pamoja na hydralazine dhidi ya placebo. Utafiti huo ulisimamishwa mapema kwa sababu wale walio katika kundi la shinikizo la juu la damu ambao walikuwa wanapata tiba walipatwa na matatizo mengi zaidi ya wagonjwa waliotibiwa na ilionekana ni vibaya kumnyima matibabu kutoka kwao. Utafiti uliendelea kwa watu wenye shinikizo la damu ya chini na kuonyesha kwamba matibabu, hata katika watu walio na shinikizo la damu kiasi, kupunguza hatari ya kufa moyo na mishipa kwa zaidi ya nusu. <ref>{{cite journal | author=Freis ED | title=The Veterans Administration Cooperative Study on Antihypertensive Agents. Implications for Stroke Prevention | journal=Stroke | year=1974 | volume=5 | pages=76–77 | pmid=4811316 | url=http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/5/1/76.long | format=PDF | issue=1 | doi=10.1161/01.STR.5.1.76}}</ref> Mwaka 1975, [[Lasker Award|Lasker Special Public Health Award]] ilitolewa kwa timu ambayo iliunda chlorothiazide. Matokeo ya tafiti hizi ilisababisha kampeni za afya za umma ili kuongeza uelewa wa umma wa shinikizo la damu na ilikuza kipimo na matibabu ya shinikizo la damu. Hatua hizi huonekana zilichangia angalau kwa sehemu kwa kupungua kwa asilimia 50 katika ugonjwa wa kiharusi na ischemic heart kati ya 1972 na 1994. == Jamii na utamaduni == ===Uelewa=== [[Image:HTNstudyupd.png|thumb|right|Grafu inaonyesha kiwango cha ufahamu, matibabu na udhibiti wa shinikizo la damu ikilinganishwa na kati ya utafiti nne ya [[National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey|NHANES]]<ref name="pmid7607734">{{cite journal |author=Burt VL |title=Mwelekeo wa maambukizi, ufahamu, matibabu, na udhibiti wa shinikizo la damu katika idadi ya Marekani ya watu wazima. Takwimu kutoka kwa utafiti wa makadirio ya afya, ya kwama 1960-1991 |journal=Hypertension |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=60–9 |year=1995 |month=July |pmid=7607734 |doi= |url=http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7607734 |accessdate=2009-06-05 |author-separator=, |author2=Cutler JA |author3=Higgins M |display-authors=3 |last4=Horan |first4=MJ |last5=Labarthe |first5=D |last6=Whelton |first6=P |last7=Brown |first7=C |last8=Roccella |first8=EJ |archive-date=2012-12-20 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121220113643/http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7607734 |dead-url=yes |https://archive.today/20121220113643/http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7607734 |=https://archive.today/20121220113643/http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7607734 }}</ref>]] [[Shirika la Afya Duniani]] limebainisha shinikizo la damu kama chanzo kikubwa cha [[cardiovascular]] [[Mortality rate|mortality]]. [[The World Hypertension League]] (WHL), shirika mwamvuli la jamii 85 ya taifa ya shinikizo la damu na ligi, ilitambua kuwa zaidi ya asilimia 50 ya watu walio na shinikizo la damu duniani hawajui hali yao.<ref name="pmid17534457">{{cite journal |author=Chockalingam A |title=Impact of World Hypertension Day |journal=Canadian Journal of Cardiology |volume=23 |issue=7 |pages=517–9 |year=2007 |month=May |pmid=17534457 |pmc=2650754 |doi= 10.1016/S0828-282X(07)70795-X|url= }}</ref> Ili kukabiliana na tatizo hili, WHL imeanzisha kampeni ya kimataifa juu ya shinikizo la damu mwaka 2005 na kutunikia tarehe 17 Mei kila mwaka kama [[World Hypertension Day]] (WHD). Zaidi ya miaka mitatu iliyopita, vyama zaidi vya kitaifa vimekuwa vikishiriki katika WHD na wamekuwa wabunifu katika shughuli zao za kupata ujumbe kwa umma. Mwaka 2007, kulikuwa na rekodi ya ushiriki kutoka nchi ya wanachama 47 ya WHL. Wakati wa wiki ya WHD, nchi hizi zote zilishirikiana na serikali za mitaa, jamii za kitaaluma, mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali, na viwanda binafsi kukuza ufahamu wa shinikizo la damu kupitia kampeni kadhaa [[Mass media|media]] na umma. Ukitumia [[mass media]] kama vile [[wavuti]] na [[runinga]], ujumbe umewafikia zaidi ya watu milioni 250. Vile kasi inaongezeka mwaka baada yaa mwaka, WHL ina matumaini kuwa karibu watu wote wanaokadiriwa kufikia bilioni 1.5 ambao wameathirika na muinuko wa shinikizo la damu wanaweza kufikiwa.<ref name="pmid18548140">{{cite journal |author=Chockalingam A |title=World Hypertension Day and global awareness |journal=Canadian Journal of Cardiology |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=441–4 |year=2008 |month=June |pmid=18548140 |pmc=2643187 |doi= 10.1016/S0828-282X(08)70617-2|url= }}</ref> ===Uchumi=== Shinikizo la damu ni shida sugu ya kawaida ya matibabu inayochochea ziara kwa watoa huduma msingi wa afya nchini Marekani. Shirika la Moyo Marekani limekadiria gharama za moja kwa moja na zisizo za moja kwa moja ya shinikizo la damu katika [[dola]] bilioni 76.6 katika mwaka 2010.<ref name = AHA2010>{{cite journal |author=Lloyd-Jones D, Adams RJ, Brown TM, ''et al.'' |title=Heart disease and stroke statistics--2010 update: a report from the American Heart Association |journal=Circulation |volume=121 |issue=7 |pages=e46–e215 |year=2010 |month=February |pmid=20019324 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192667 |url=}}</ref> Nchini Marekani, asilimia 80 ya watu walio na shinikizo la damu wanafahamu hali zao na asilimia 71 wanachukua baadhi ya dawa dhidi ya shinikizo la damu. Hata hivyo, asilimia 48 tu ya watu ambao wanafahamu wana shinikizo la damu wanadhibiti ipasavyo hali hiyo.<ref name = AHA2010 /><ref name="pmid19124418">{{cite journal |author=Alcocer L, Cueto L |title=Hypertension, a health economics perspective |journal=Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=147–55 |year=2008 |month=June |pmid=19124418 |doi=10.1177/1753944708090572 |url=http://tak.sagepub.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=19124418 |accessdate=2009-06-20 |archive-date=2012-12-04 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204191320/http://tak.sagepub.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=19124418 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Madaktari wanakabiliwa na shida nyingi katika kudhibiti shinikizo la damu, ikiwa ni pamoja na upinzani kwa kutumia dawa mbalimbali ili kufikia malengo ya shinikizo la damu. Watu pia wanakabiliwa na changamoto ya kufuata ratiba ya dawa na kufanya mabadiliko ya maisha. Hata hivyo, kufikia malengo ya shinikizo la damu inawezekana. Kupunguza shinikizo la damu inapunguza gharama kwa kiasi kikubwa ambayo inahusishwa na huduma ya matibabu ya juu.<ref name="The Economic Impact of Hypertension">{{cite journal |author=William J. Elliott |title=The Economic Impact of Hypertension |journal=The Journal of Clinical Hypertension |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=3–13 |year=2003 |month=October |doi= 10.1111/j.1524-6175.2003.02463.x |pmid=12826765}}</ref><ref name="pmid18345711">{{cite journal |author=Coca A |title=Economic benefits of treating high-risk hypertension with angiotensin II receptor antagonists (blockers) |journal=Clinical Drug Investigation |volume=28 |issue=4 |pages=211–20 |year=2008 |pmid=18345711 |doi= 10.2165/00044011-200828040-00002|url= }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist|2}} [[Jamii:Tiba]] [[jamii:Magonjwa]] [[Jamii:Damu]] [[Jamii:Moyo]] b8bh2y2h6me1zspijr23zzm1lov0yqp 0 78910 1612473 1578075 2026-11-01T23:21:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Add 1 book for verifiability (20261101sim) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]) 1612473 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Skin ulcer due to leishmaniasis, hand of Central American adult 3MG0037 lores.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|Mkono wenye Leishmaniasis ]] {{Infobox disease | Name = Leishmaniasis | Image = Skin ulcer due to leishmaniasis, hand of Central American adult 3MG0037 lores.jpg | Caption = Cutaneous leishmaniasis in the hand of a [[Central America]]n adult | Field = [[Infectious disease (medical specialty)|Infectious disease]] | ICD10 = {{ICD10|B|55||b|50}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|085}} | DiseasesDB = 3266 | DiseasesDB_mult = {{DiseasesDB2|29171}}<!-- {{DiseasesDB2|3266}} {{DiseasesDB2|7070}} --> | MedlinePlus = 001386 | eMedicineSubj = emerg | eMedicineTopic = 296 | MeshID = D007896 }} '''Leishmaniasis''' ni [[ugonjwa]] ambao unasababishwa na [[kidusia]] cha [[Protozoa]] katika [[jenasi]] ''[[Leishmania]]'' ([[familia (biolojia)|familia]] [[Trypanosomatidae]]) na unasambazwa na [[spishi]] fulani za [[Usubi (Phlebotominae)|usubi]] kwa kuuma<ref name=WHO2014/>.  Ugonjwa huu unaweza kuugulia kwa namna tatu: kwa [[ngozi]], kwa ngozi na [[membreni ute]] na kwa [[kiungo|viungo]] vya ndani.<ref name=WHO2014>{{cite web|title=Leishmaniasis Fact sheet N°375|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs375/en/|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=17 February 2014|date=January 2014}}</ref> ̽Namna ya kwanza, ya ngozi, inaonekana katika [[donda|vidonda]] vya ngozi. Ya pili, ya ngozi na membreni ute, inaonekana katika vidonda vya ngozi, [[mdomo]] na [[pua]]. Ya tatu, kwa viungo vya ndani, inaonekana kwanza katika vidonda vya ngozi, halafu [[homa]], [[idadi]] ndogo ya [[selidamu nyekundu]], [[wengu]] inayoongezeka ukubwa, na [[ini]].<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name=Barrett2012/> ==Sababu== [[Ambukizo|Maambukizo]] katika [[binadamu]] yanasababishwa na aina zisizopungua 20 za “Leishmania”.<ref name=WHO2014/> Vipengele vya hatari ni pamoja naː [[umaskini]], [[lishe]] duni, uharibifu wa [[mwitu]] na ukuaji [[Miji|mijini]].<ref name=WHO2014/> ==Uaguaji== Namna zote tatu zinaweza kuaguliwa kwa kutumia [[hadubini]] kutazama [[parasiti]].<ref name=WHO2014/> Pia, [[maradhi]] ya viungo vya ndani yanaweza kuaguliwa kwa kupima [[damu]].<ref name=Barrett2012/> ==Kinga== Kinga muhimu, lakini isiyo salama salamini kabisa, dhidi ya “leishmaniasis” ni kulala chini ya [[chandarua]] kilichonyunyiziwa [[viuatilifu]].<ref name=WHO2014/> Mazuio mengine ni pamoja na kunyunyizia viuatilifu kuwaua [[usubi]] na kuwatibu [[wagonjwa]] mapema ili kuzuia kusambaa kwa ugonjwa.<ref name=WHO2014/> ==Tiba== [[Matibabu]] yafaayo yanategemea mahali mgonjwa alipouguliwa, [[kabila]] la “Leishmania”, na namna ya maambukizo.<ref name=WHO2014/> [[Dawa]] ambazo huenda zinafaa kutibu viungo vya ndani ni pamoja na: “lipsomal amphotericin B<ref name=Sun2013>mkusanyiko wa “pentavalent antimonials” na “paromomycin”{{cite journal|last=Sundar|first=S|author2=Chakravarty, J |title=Leishmaniasis: an update of current pharmacotherapy.|journal=Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy|date=Jan 2013|volume=14|issue=1|pages=53–63]pmid=23256501|doi=10.1517/14656566.2013.755515}}</ref> na [[miltefosine]].<ref name=Dor2012>{{citejournal|last=Dorlo|first=TP|author2=Balasegaram, M |author3=Beijnen, JH |author4= de Vries, PJ |title=Miltefosine: a review of its pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of leishmaniasis.|url=https://archive.org/details/journal-antimicrobial-chemotherapy_2012-11_67_11/page/2576|journal=The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy|date=Nov 2012|volume=67|issue=11|pages=2576–97|pmid=22833634|doi=10.1093/jac/dks275}}</ref> kwa maradhi ya ngozi, paromomycin, [[fluconazole]], or [[pentamidine]] huenda zinatibika.<ref name=Min2007>{{cite journal|last=Minodier|first=P|author2=Parola, P |title=Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment.|journal=Travel medicine and infectious disease|date=May 2007|volume=5|issue=3|pages=150–8|pmid=17448941|doi=10.1016/j.tmaid.2006.09.004}}</ref> ==Uenezi== Siku hizi takriban [[milioni]] 12 wanaambukizwa<ref name=Mag>{{cite web|title=Leishmaniasis Magnitude of the problem|url=http://www.who.int/leishmaniasis/burden/magnitude/burden_magnitude/en/index.html|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=17 February 2014}}</ref> katika nchi zapata 98.<ref name=Barrett2012>{{cite journal|last=Barrett|first=MP|author2=Croft, SL |title=Management of trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis.|journal=British medical bulletin|year=2012|volume=104|pages=175–96|pmid=23137768|doi=10.1093/bmb/lds031|pmc=3530408}}</ref> Takriban wagonjwa wapya milioni 2<ref name=Barrett2012/> pamoja na [[Kifo|vifo]] kati ya [[elfu]] 20 hadi 50 hutokea kila [[mwaka]].<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name=Loz2012>{{cite journal|last=Lozano|first=R|title=Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_december-15-2012-january-4-2013_380_9859/page/2095|journal=Lancet|date=Dec 15, 2012|volume=380|issue=9859|pages=2095–128|pmid=23245604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0}}</ref> Takriban watu milioni 200 barani [[Asia]], [[Afrika]], [[Amerika ya Kati]] na [[Amerika Kusini]] wanaishi sehemu ambako maradhi haya yanaathiri mno.<ref name=Barrett2012/><ref>{{cite journal|last=Ejazi|first=SA|author2=Ali, N |title=Developments in diagnosis and treatment of visceral leishmaniasis during the last decade and future prospects.|journal=Expert review of anti-infective therapy|date=Jan 2013|volume=11|issue=1|pages=79–98|pmid=23428104|doi=10.1586/eri.12.148}}</ref>  [[Shirika la Afya Duniani]] limewahi kutoa punguzo la [[bei]] za dawa kadhaa zitibuzo maradhi.<ref name=Barrett2012/> Maradhi haya pengine yanaugua [[wanyama]] wengine ambao ni pamoja na [[mbwa]] na [[panya]].<ref name=WHO2014/> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-biolojia}} [[Jamii:Maradhi ya kuambukiza]] [[Jamii:Vidusia‎]] 7j6pem8lsrf2otku11ygky8diz7e9ba 0 79016 1612552 1517549 2026-11-02T11:41:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612552 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Flickr - Nic's events - British Museum with Cory and Mary, 6 Sep 2007 - 381.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Sehemu ya sanamu ya shaba ya mwaka [[300 KK]] hivi, [[British Museum]].]] [[File:Apollo Kitharoidos BM 1380.jpg|right|thumb|300px|[[Apolo wa Kurene]], [[sanamu]] ya Kirumi ya [[karne ya 2]], [[British Museum]].]] '''Kurene''' (kwa [[Kigiriki]] Κυρήνη, Kyrēnē) ulikuwa [[mji]] wa [[Libya]] [[mashariki]] uliofuata [[ustaarabu]] wa [[Ugiriki wa kale]] halafu [[Roma ya kale]]. Uko karibu na [[Shahhat]] ya leo. Ulikuwa wa kale na muhimu kuliko miji mitano ya Kigiriki ya mkoa ambao kutokana na jina lake unaitwa hadi leo ''[[Cyrenaica]]''. Mwaka [[1982]] ulitangazwa na [[UNESCO]] kuwa kituo cha [[Urithi wa Dunia]].<ref>{{cite web|title=21 World Heritage Sites you have probably never heard of|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/travelnews/10999939/21-World-Heritage-Sites-you-have-probably-never-heard-of.html|publisher=Daily Telegraph}}</ref> ==Historia== Ulianzishwa na [[Wagiriki]] [[mwaka]] [[630 KK]] Uliitwa pengine "[[Athens]] ya Afrika", pia kutokana na [[shule ya falsafa]] iliyoanzishwa huko.<ref>[http://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/cyrene-cyrenaica.htm Temehu (Cyrene)]</ref><ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pWryj7QgRvY Global Treasures: Cyrene]</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://mnise.maktoobblog.com/ |title=للغة العربية اضغط هنا http://cyreen630.maktoobblog.com |accessdate=2015-10-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223100054/http://mnise.maktoobblog.com/ |archivedate=2010-12-23 }}</ref> Katika [[karne ya 4]] [[BK]] mji ulibaki mahame. ==Katika Biblia== Kurene unatajwa katika [[2Mak|kitabu cha pili cha Wamakabayo]], kimojawapo cha vitabu vya [[Deuterokanoni]], kama mji wa asili wa [[Jasone wa Kurene]], [[Myahudi]] wa [[Kigiriki]] aliyeandika mfululizo wa magombo 5 juu ya [[Historia]] ya [[Wamakabayo]]. Mtunzi wa 2Mak alikiri kuwa amefupisha tu magombo hayo. Kurene unatajwa hasa katika [[Agano Jipya]]. [[Injili Ndugu|Injili ndugu]] zinamtaja Myahudi mwingine wa mji huo, [[Simoni wa Kurene]], [[baba]] wa Aleksanda na Rufo ([[Mk]] 15:21 na madondoo sambamba), kuwa ndiye aliyemsaidia [[Yesu]] kubeba [[msalaba]] hadi [[Kalivari]]. [[Mdo|Matendo ya Mitume]] 2:10 kinasimulia kwamba Wayahudi kutoka Kurene walikuwa kati ya watu ambao siku ya [[Pentekoste]] ya mwaka wa [[kifo cha Yesu]] huko Yerusalemu waliwasikia [[Mtume Petro]] na [[Mitume wa Yesu|wenzake]] kuhubiri [[ufufuko wa Yesu]] na [[ubatizo]]. Tena Mdo. 6:9 kinasimulia kuwa Wayahudi kutoka mji huohuo walikuwa kati ya wale walioshindana na [[Stefano]] na hatimaye wakamuua kwa usimamizi wa atakayekuwa [[Mtume Paulo]]. Halafu Mdo. 11:20 kinasema kuwa Wakristo wenye asili ya Kurene (pamoja na wenzao kutoka [[Kupro]]) walikuwa wa kwanza kuwahubiria wasio Wayahudi. Hatimaye Mdo. 13:1 kinamtajia [[Lukio wa Kurene]] kati ya viongozi wa [[Kanisa]] huko [[Antiokia]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons|Cyrene}} *[http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/cyrene_libya/ Cyrene project summary] {{Wayback|url=http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/cyrene_libya/ |date=20101209070941 }} at [[Global Heritage Fund]] *[http://ghn.globalheritagefund.org/?id=4 Explore Cyrene with Google Earth] {{Wayback|url=http://ghn.globalheritagefund.org/?id=4 |date=20110817055011 }} on [[Global Heritage Network]] *[http://www.livius.org/ct-cz/cyrenaica/cyrenaica.html Cyrene and the Cyrenaica] {{Wayback|url=http://www.livius.org/ct-cz/cyrenaica/cyrenaica.html |date=20081231121921 }} by Jona Lendering *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210512041937/https://www.sas.upenn.edu/aamw/resources/fieldwork#Cyrene%20%28Libya%29 University of Pennsylvania Museum excavations at Cyrene] {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Category:Akiolojia]] [[Category:Ugiriki ya Kale]] [[Category:Miji ya Libya]] [[Category:Mahali pa Urithi wa Dunia katika Afrika]] [[Category:Historia ya Libya]] [[Category:Roma ya Kale]] [[Category:Miji ya Biblia]] pm62q40la5ocw3bi902ubne2f9edsze 0 100905 1612395 1612012 2026-11-01T14:05:38Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612395 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:20180610 FIFA Friendly Match Austria vs. Brazil Gabriel Jesus 850 1688.jpg|thumb|337x337px|Gabriel Jesus]] '''Gabriel Fernando Jesus,''' alizaliwa [[3 Aprili]] [[1997]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gabriel Jesus - Arsenal Forward - ESPN (UK)|url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/player/_/id/217289/gabriel-jesus|work=ESPN|accessdate=2024-05-02|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gabriel Jesus|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/gabriel-jesus/|work=worldfootball.net|date=2024-01-31|accessdate=2024-05-02|language=en}}</ref> ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[soka]] wa [[Brazil]] ambaye anacheza katika [[klabu]] ya [[Ligi Kuu]] ya [[Hispania]] [[Barcelona F.C.]] na [[timu ya taifa]] ya Brazil. Gabriel anacheza kama [[mshambuliaji]] katika ngazi ya klabu na katika timu ya taifa. Jesus, alianza [[kazi]] yake huko [[Palmeiras]]. Alipigiwa kura kuwa [[mgeni]] bora wa [[2015]] katika [[michuano]] ya Brazil na [[Serie A]], mwaka ambao pia alisaidia timu yake kushinda [[Copa do Brasil]]. [[Mwaka]] uliofuata aliitwa kuwa mchezaji wa [[msimu]] huko [[Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras|Palmeiras]], alishinda [[cheo]] cha kwanza cha [[ligi]] ya kitaifa akiwa na miaka 22<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=PTD fala com Gabriel Fernando, destaque do sub-17 {{!}} Palmeiras Todo Dia|url=http://www.verdao.net/noticia.php?n=12383|work=www.verdao.net|accessdate=2024-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Joia 2015: famoso na base, Gabriel Jesus é "fenômeno" do Palmeiras|url=https://globoesporte.globo.com/futebol/times/palmeiras/noticia/2015/01/joia-2015-famoso-na-base-gabriel-jesus-e-fenomeno-do-palmeiras.html|work=globoesporte.com|date=2015-01-01|accessdate=2024-05-02|language=pt-br|author=Por Felipe Zito e Rodrigo FaberSão Paulo}}</ref>. Alijiunga na [[Manchester City]] mwezi [[Januari]] [[2017]] kwa [[ada]] ya [[Pauni|€]] [[milioni]] 32, na alishinda Ligi Kuu na [[EFL Cup]] mwaka 2018.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gabriel Jesus|url=https://www.arsenal.com/men/players/gabriel-jesus|work=www.arsenal.com|accessdate=2023-02-26|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1997|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:1lib1ref 2023]] i55dcd5vh2cex3tg9rrz6jvwmjdn7yk 3 105398 1612475 1609207 2026-11-01T23:41:21Z Tariqi athumani 93636 /* Question from Tariqi athumani on Google Play (23:41, 1 Novemba 2026) */ mjadala mpya 1612475 wikitext text/x-wiki {{karibu}} == Sigma Octantis == Ndugu, ulibadilisha nyota kadhaa kutoka ngeli ya "i-zi" kwenda "li-ma" ambayo si Kiswahili sahihi. Mfano "[[Thumni (kundinyota)|Sigma Octantis iko karibu]]" ulipeleka "Sigma Octantis liko karibu". Nimerudisha mara kadhaa sijapata muda kuangalia yote. Ilhali wewe bado mgeni heri utumie kwanza ukurasa wa majadiliano kabla ya kubadilisha! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 14:05, 20 Julai 2019 (UTC) :Ndugu, hongera kwa michango yako. Hata hivyo angalia nilivyoboresha namna moja michango ya mwisho ili ufanye mwenyewe katika makala zijazo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:59, 6 Novemba 2019 (UTC) ::Naona unazidi kukamilika. Sasa uzoee kuunganisha ukurasa wa Kiswahili na zile za lugha nyingine. Kiungo kinapatikana pembeni kushoto, ilipoandikwa "Add link". --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:29, 11 Novemba 2019 (UTC) ==Interwiki== Asante kwa makala za wanariadha. Lakini naomba upitilie tena zote. Umesahau "interwiki", yaani kuunganisha makala yako na lugha zingine. Hii unafanya mwishoni -kama mada ina makala katika enwiki au wikipedia nyingine- kwa kubofya kushoto-chini <small>(nje ya sehemu ya kuhariri)</small> kwa "Lugha- Add links", halafu ingiza "enwiki" dirisha la juu na jina la makala husika dirisha la chini, hakikisha ni sawa, halafu uthibitishe. [[Maalum:Michango/197.250.225.2|197.250.225.2]] 20:43, 7 Desemba 2019 (UTC) ==Mashindano ya picha== Ndugu, usijidanganye kwamba utashinda tuzo kwa kubadilisha maneno ya kuelezea picha zilizomo tayari katika makala za Wikipedia... Ni lazima uongeze picha pale ambapo hazipo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:02, 15 Agosti 2020 (UTC) :Ndugu [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], mimi sishiriki katika mashindano ila najaribu kuangalia sehemu ambazo washiriki wa mashindano wamefanya nakujaribu kuongeza ubora na kusahihisha sehemu ambazo naona zinaweza zikawa bora zaidi. Je ni vibaya kufanya hivi? Amani kwako pia! Nashukuru sana. ::Hiyo si mbaya, lakini kama ni hivyo hutakiwi kuandika katika muhtasari #WPWP #WPWPTZ, la sivyo unaonekana tapeli... Basi, endelea na juhudi zako. Tupo pamoja. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:25, 15 Agosti 2020 (UTC) ::: Asante == Uteuzi kuwa mkabidhi == Salaam! Ulipendekezwa na kukubaliwa kupata haki za mkabidhi. Je, uko tayari kupokea uteuzi huu na kushiriki katika kazi mara kwa mara kama jinsi ilivyoelezwa katika ukurasa wa wakabidhi? Tunaomba jibu lako kwa baruapepe katika wiki hii. Tumia zana za Wikipedia kutuma barua pepe. --[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{''''Muddyb Mwanaharakati''''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic Sans MS">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^{''''Longa''''}</font>]] 07:44, 13 Septemba 2020 (UTC)</font> ==Hongera== Napenda kukupongeza kwa juhudi zako katika Wikipedia, ila hakikisha kwamba makala zako zieleweke kwa Kiswahili. Unavyojua, tafsiri ya kompyuta haisaidii sana. Endelea kuangalia kama pengine ninarekebisha michango yako ili uzidi kukomaa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:36, 16 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ::Asante sana --'''[[Mtumiaji:Ebenezer Mlay|Ebenezer Mlay]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ebenezer Mlay#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:07, 16 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==Mbegu== Ndugu, kigezo mbegu-mtu kinatumika ikiwa tu hakuna kingine cha pekee zaidi kama mbegu-mwandishi, mbegu-igiza-filamu n.k. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:09, 18 Aprili 2021 (UTC) :Asante kwa kunielewesha. --'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:24, 19 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==Zuio== Umefanya vizuri, kwa kuwa amefuta matini sahihi na ameingiza upuuzi wa Kiingereza: yote hayo ni makosa makubwa! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:46, 19 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==Kigezo cha Vyanzo== Siku hizi unaweka mara nyingi kigezo hicho. Badala ya kuridhika kuweka vigezo vinavyoagiza kazi fulani, tunashauriwa kufanya wenyewe kazi hiyo, yaani tuboreshe makala, si kuilaumu tu. Pia zingatia kwamba makala nyingi za zamani hazina vyanzo kwa sababu ya kutovisisitiza mwanzoni mwa Wiki yetu. Hatimaye makala nyingine haziwezi kuwa ndefu wala kuwa na vyanzo vingi kutokana na mada yenyewe. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:36, 21 Aprili 2021 (UTC) :Mpendwa [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] asante sana kwa muongozo huu, mara nyingi nikiwa nina muda mchache wa kupitia makala baadhi nikikuta hazina vyanzo vya kutosha naweka kigezo cha vyanzo. Ila nikiwa na muda najaribu kupitia makala na kuifanya iwe bora. Nina mpango nikipata muda mwingi zaidi kuzipitia zote ambazo nimeziwekea kigezo hicho. Je ni sawa? Je naweza nikaweka kigezo cha citation needed badala ya kigezo cha vyanzo? Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' ::Kama lengo ni kuzipitia baadaye ni sawa kabisa. La sivyo njia ya pili ni afadhali. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:14, 23 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==Jamii== Habari naona unafaya kazi kubwa kupitilia jamii za makala. Asante! NImeona jambo moja ambalo halisaidii machoni pangu., ukiongeza "Jamii:Watu wa NCHIXX" pia pale ambako makala imeshapangwa katika "Jamii:Wanawake wa NCHIXXX". Unaona faida gani? Mi mi naona si kitu kwa nchi penye watu wachache walio na makala, lakini kama idadi yao inaongezeka, haisaidii tena ninavyoona. Mfano kama watu wa TZ wako wote chini "watu wa Tanzania", tuanapata hapa orodha ndefu kupita kiasi ambacho halivuti kulipitilia. Tukiwapanga zaidi katika jamii ndogo, ni rahisi zaidi kutafuta. Kutafuta jina, linapatikana popote kupitia dirisha. Unaonaje? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 06:40, 28 Aprili 2021 (UTC) :Habari [[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]], Asante kwa mchango huu naona inaleta maana, ila vipi kama kungekua jamii ndogo ya "Jamii:Wanaume wa NCHI XXX" kwa sababu kama kwenye jamii ya watu wa nchi fulani kukawa na makala ya wanaume tu halafu kukawa na jamii ndogo ya wanawake pekee hii naona haileti picha nzuri kwangu. Unaonaje? --'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:51, 28 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ::Hiyo hoja ina mashiko: kuwa na jamii kwa wanawake, si kwa wanaume, ni kutokana na hali ya wanawake kukosa usawa. Lakini siku hizi? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:42, 28 Aprili 2021 (UTC) :::Kwa kawaida naona vema kama mtu anapangwa kwanza katika jamii ya fani au kazi , kama "Jamii:Wanasheria wa NCHI XXX", tukiwa na wengi inawezakana pia "Jamii:Watu kutoka MKOA YYY"; kwa wanawake tumeanzisha pia jamii kama "Wanawaka wa NCHI XXX" au "Wanasheria wa kike wa XXX". Hapa tumefuata mfano wa lugha nyingine; sijui kama yeyote alianzisha jamii za wanaume. Tunaweza kufanya.... - Sababu ya jamii ya pekee kwa wanawake ni kwamba hao ni wachache (bado) katika fani nyingi.Kwa hiyo sipingi kuanzisha jamii za wanaume, ila sitegemei italeta mafanikio. Tulikuwa na wahariri (nadhani Baba Tabita) aliyeongeza mara nyingi "Watu walio hai" (ambayo mimi sioni faida yake, siku hizi sijaiona tena sana...). '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 15:29, 30 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==[[Pregs Govender]]== Naona tumeingiliana. Nilikuwa nikiongeza kufungu cha mwisho, naona umehamisha yote kwenda lemma sahihi, asante. Hivyo nilifungua makala kwa jina jipya na kumwaga mle matini yote kutoka ukurasa wangu, pamoja na yale niyokuwa nayo ya juu. Ila sikujua kwamba ulihariri mengine pia. Sasa inawezekana nimeweka matini yangu juu ya sehemu ulizoboresha, kama ni vile, nisamehe. Tafadhali pitilia tena kifupi na uone kama nimefuta maboresho kadhaa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 09:39, 6 Mei 2021 (UTC) :Hakuna shida kabisa nitaipitia makala hiyo tena. Asante --'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:33, 6 Mei 2021 (UTC) ==Tafsiri ya Wikimedia== Naona umemuuliza Kipala pia. Tupo pamoja. Mimi sipendi kutumia kifaa hicho, ila nakubali kinaweza kusaidia ikiwa watumiaji wanachukua muda kupitia kwa makini tafsiri ya mashine hadi ieleweke. Shida kubwa ni kwamba wanataka makala ndefu, halafu wanachoka kuipitia, hivyo wanatuachia sisi kazi kubwa mno! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:03, 17 Mei 2021 (UTC) ::Kwa kweli naona unafuatilia masahihisho yangu na kujifunza vizuri. Pia nakupongeza kwa juhudi za kueneza Wiki yetu. Michango sasa ni mingi, kiasi kwamba sitaweza tena kuipitia yote, hasa ukizingatia kwamba watumiaji wapya wanafanya makosa mengi. Tena kwa kutumia tafsiri ya kompyuta wanatunga kurasa ndefu. Kazi hiyo nakuachieni nyinyi vijana... Ndiyo sababu tuliwachagua kuwa wakabidhi wenzetu! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:42, 29 Mei 2021 (UTC) :::Asante sana [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]]. Makala zote zilizoundwa hivi karibuni na wahariri wapy kutokea Arusha tutazipitia kwa takribani siku mbili tukiwa pamoja na wahariri hawa wote ili kufanya masahihisho. Kwa kutumia hii njia nadhani wahariri hawa watajifunza kutokana na makosa amabayo wameyafanya kwenye makala hizi. Pia tutajitahidi kuwa watumiaji wote wapya hawatopata nafasi ya kutunga makala ndefu wakati wanaanza kujifunza kuandika. Vivyo hivyo tutatilia msistizo wa kutokutumia tafsiri ya kompyuta katika kuhariri. Asante -- --'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:33, 31 Mei 2021 (UTC) ::::Vizuri sana. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:57, 31 Mei 2021 (UTC) == How to supply my email == I am a local researcher, and I have written about handful of communities whose details and not found in Wikipedia. I love to supply this first-hand information in Wikipedia. Thank you for welcoming me. Please I want to know also, how I can supply my email. More so, is their chances for monetization? '''[[Mtumiaji:Hilspress|Hilspress]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hilspress|majadiliano]])''' 07:39, 30 Mei 2021 (UTC) ==Makala ya Haki za Binadamu== Salamu, sijajua ufafanuzi unasemaj zaidi e hadi sasa kuhusu shindano la makala ya haki za binadamu, lakini unaweza kupitia makala ya ''Mauaji ya Maalbino'', labda inawezekana jamii hiyo ni kwa ajili ya kutrack makala zote mpya zitakazohusu haki za binadamu, naona imeunganishwa katika jamii ya Makala ya haki za binadamu,ila bado nasubiri ufafanuzi zaidi ,Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' :Habari [[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]], nadhani niliona maelekezo ya kwamba mtu yoyote anaeshiriki katika hili shindano akichapisha kurasa yoyote kuhusiana na haki za binadamu inapaswa kuweka hiyo jamii. Katika makala ya ''Mauaji ya Maalbino'' jamii hii haikuwepo hivyo nikaona niiongeze. Ila [[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] anaweza kutupa mwonggozo zaidi. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:40, 3 Juni 2021 (UTC) :::Ahsanteni kwa michango, tumeweka jamii hiyo ili kurahisisha kupata makala zote zitakazo andikwa wakati wa mradi. Maelekezo zaidi juu ya ushiriki wa mradi yatatolewa hivi karibuni na [[user:Jadnapac]]. Karibuni tuendeleee kushirikiana. == Campaigns Product Update #1 == Hello Campaigns Newsletter recipients. We are ready to share our first updates: * '''We will be hosting our first Campaigns Product Office hour''' with the Product team on '''September 9, 2021 at 3 PM UTC''' (join us on Zoom: https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87427100681) . The Office hour will focus on the introduction of the Product team and its choice of of a first feature focused on Event Registration. For more information see: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Campaigns/Foundation_Programs_Team#Office_Hours * '''We have published our first document about the first feature''': '''event registration'''.  You can find the document on Meta: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration . We provided first responses to initial feedback last week. If you responded before, consider reviewing the talk page and adding to the conversation. * '''We had several presentations at Wikimania:''' ** Ilana Fried presented the Campaign Product team as part of a larger conversation about Wikimedia Foundation Product Strategy. Campaigns product start at 18:12 time:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57GzJ4GEvCQ&t=1103s&ab_channel=WikimediaFoundation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57GzJ4GEvCQ&t=1103] ** Alex Stinson facilitated a session on the role of partners in International Campaigns:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OS1k8_6QWPY '''What is next?''' At the office hours, we will share our first version of the designs for the Registration feature, and be asking for feedback. Additionally we will be onboarding our engineering team who will be building the registration feature. Please invite  other organizers to subscribe to this newsletter or unsubscribe at: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers   The Campaign Product Team <!-- Message sent by User:Astinson (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=21958270 --> == Campaigns Product Update #2 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! We are excited to share our updates: *'''Request for Feedback''': We have shared our project principles, wireframes for the desktop version, and open questions for you about the team’s event registration project. See the latest status updates [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#Status_Updates '''here'''.] :Wireframes are design tools that imagine the future interface of the software. We haven’t built anything yet. We need your feedback on these designs so that we can make better product decisions. You can give feedback on the talk page regarding the design and features of the wireframes. We would love to hear your comments to help us establish the next necessary steps for the project. :[[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#Feedback_on_project_principles_&_wireframes_(October_2021)|'''''Please share with us your feedback!''''']] *'''Presentations''': The Campaign Product team participated in [[m:WikiArabia/2021|WikiArabia 2021]] and [[m:WikiConference North America/2021|WikiConference North America 2021]] to give a brief introduction on how the team works. Senior Program Strategist [[User:Astinson (WMF)|Alex Stinson]] gave an overview about campaigns and how we can scale the organizing experience within the Movement. Senior Product Manager [[User:IFried (WMF)|Ilana Fried]] gave an introduction about the Product Team and the project wireframes of the first campaign software solution: the on-wiki registration tool. View the recorded presentation [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1AYknkmHGyI&t=751s '''here'''.] *'''Team update''': We have hired our first team engineer, [[User:JCarvalho (WMF)|JCarvalho]] and our campaign organizing fellow, [[User:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal]]. Newsletter updates will be done by [[User:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal]] and she will be coordinating with you! We hope to have the rest of the engineering team onboard soon! For those of who missed the last Campaign Office Hour, you may [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jT8fRUWjfI watch the recording] to know more about the Campaign Product Team. '''What is next?''' :'''Testers Needed'''! We will be partnering with [https://yux.design/ '''YUX'''], a design research agency, to learn how our team can improve the experience of Wikimedia campaign organizers and participants in Africa. For this reason, we are looking for community members who are willing to be part of the rapid testing sessions. Preferably, we want organizers and editors who have worked in an African context. If you would like to participate in testing, please email {{email|ibrazal-ctr|wikimedia.org}}. :'''Upcoming Conferences'''. [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2021|'''Wiki Indaba 2021''']]. This year, the conference will be held virtually on November 5-7, 2021 with the theme "'''''Rethink + Reset : Visions of the future'''''". Read more about the conference [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2021|here]] or [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2021/Registration Information| register]] to join the event. We will be presenting the registration features on Sunday November 7. :We will also be attending [[m:Wikimedia CEE Online Meeting 2021/Programme/Submissions/Building Organizer Tools for the Future of Campaigns|'''Wikimedia CEE Online Meeting 2021''']], which will be held virtually again this year on November 5-7, 2021. We will be presenting the registration tool on November 6 as part of our communication and sharing process. :'''Translation Support'''. We are also beginning to translate the updates on Registration. If you think your language community would benefit from updates, please translate [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#Status_Updates|here]]. ''Invite other organizers to [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers| subscribe]] to this newsletter for updates!'' The Campaign Product Team </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 16:26, 28 Oktoba 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=22200025 --> == How we will see unregistered users == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin=content/> Hi! You get this message because you are an admin on a Wikimedia wiki. When someone edits a Wikimedia wiki without being logged in today, we show their IP address. As you may already know, we will not be able to do this in the future. This is a decision by the Wikimedia Foundation Legal department, because norms and regulations for privacy online have changed. Instead of the IP we will show a masked identity. You as an admin '''will still be able to access the IP'''. There will also be a new user right for those who need to see the full IPs of unregistered users to fight vandalism, harassment and spam without being admins. Patrollers will also see part of the IP even without this user right. We are also working on [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Improving tools|better tools]] to help. If you have not seen it before, you can [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|read more on Meta]]. If you want to make sure you don’t miss technical changes on the Wikimedia wikis, you can [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|subscribe]] to [[m:Tech/News|the weekly technical newsletter]]. We have [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#IP Masking Implementation Approaches (FAQ)|two suggested ways]] this identity could work. '''We would appreciate your feedback''' on which way you think would work best for you and your wiki, now and in the future. You can [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|let us know on the talk page]]. You can write in your language. The suggestions were posted in October and we will decide after 17 January. Thank you. /[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]<section end=content/> </div> 18:19, 4 Januari 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Admins2022(7)&oldid=22532681 --> == Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? == Hi! {{ping|User:CaliBen}} The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]]. Please vote and encourage other editors of Swahili Wikipedia to also vote. Regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 12:28, 11 Machi 2022 (UTC) == Campaigns Product Update #3 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! We are excited to share our updates: *'''Proposal to create new namespaces''': We have proposed to create two namespaces, which are “'''Event'''” and “'''Event talk'''.” This way, we can easily create an Event Center that pulls data from event pages. This Event Center may include tools to create event pages with registration support, a calendar of events, and event statistics, among other features. More importantly, the Event Center will highlight organizing as an essential part of the Wikimedia movement. Please give us feedback on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T296280 Phabricator] or [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_March_2022_update|Meta]] about our proposal to create two new namespaces. *'''Engineering updates''': We are excited that we have finished hiring for our engineering team! Three engineers and an engineering manager have joined our team since our last update. In the last few months, they have conducted technical planning and launched the building phase of the project. They are now building the registration tool. You can see the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|updated team on meta]]. *'''Design updates''': We conducted usability tests with a small group of testers for early feedback on the desktop wireframes. After collecting this feedback, we have developed a new version for desktop wireframes, which will be ready to share in the next few weeks. These desktop wireframes display the user flow of two experiences: one for organizers who want to add registration to their event pages, and another for participants who want to register for an event. Additionally, the design team is also currently working on the first version of mobile wireframes, which will be shared during the next office hour. ::1. View the latest desktop wireframes in '''Figma''' for [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1899%3A44995&scaling=min-zoom&page-id=1472%3A36710&starting-point-node-id=1899%3A44995&show-proto-sidebar=1&hide-ui=1 Campaign Organizer Prototype] and [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1998%3A49612&scaling=min-zoom&page-id=1472%3A36710&starting-point-node-id=1998%3A49612&show-proto-sidebar=1&hide-ui=1 Participant Registration Prototype]. ::2. [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_project_principles_&_wireframes_(October_2021)|Leave us some feedback]] on the desktop wireframes. Note that we haven’t posted the newest version of the desktop wireframes on the project page yet, but we will soon (and you can feel free to add feedback on any version you have seen). *'''Ambassador updates''': Three product ambassadors for the Arabic, French and Swahili communities have now joined our team! They will help us collect feedback from Wikimedia communities about the project and understand the needs of organizers, through gathering first-hand information. These ambassadors are immersed as actual members of these communities, so they will also help us identify the needs of the organizers in our pilot communities. The ambassadors are: [[m:User:Bachounda (WMF)|'''M. Bachounda''']] for Arabic communities, [[m:User:Geugeor-WMF|'''Georges Fodouop''']] for French communities, and [[m:User:AMtavangu (WMF)|'''Antoni Mtavangu''']] for Swahili communities. '''What is next?''' :'''Next Office Hour''': We will be holding an office hour on '''March 31, 2022''' at 15:00 UTC, which will be conducted via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320 '''Zoom''']. We invite everyone to attend, and we really hope to see you! The focus will be on the Registration Tool. The team will also be providing community updates on the usability test findings and design highlights for the wireframes. We will also share our current Project timeline and answer any questions you may have. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 03|Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!]] :In a few months, we are expecting to have the early testable version of the tool. By then, the team will be doing the first round of general testing and gathering feedback. We are looking forward to adding more features on the tool such as communication support, potentially by the end of this year. If you know other organizers that might be interested in following these developments, please recommend that they [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|subscribe to the newsletter]]. We want to receive as much feedback as we can. Thank you! '''The Campaign Product Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:26, 22 Machi 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23033286 --> == Campaign Product Team Office Hour - March 31, 2022 == Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The Campaign Product Team will be hosting the next office hour to share exciting updates on the Registration Tool and new proposed namespaces for events. We will also be sharing community updates on the usability tests and design highlights of the latest mobile and desktop wireframes. Join us and share your thoughts on these developments! :Date: '''March 31, 2022''' :Time: 15:00 UTC :Zoom Link: https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320 You may also watch [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jT8fRUWjfI Campaigns Office Hour: Introducing the Campaigns Product Team] to learn more about the Team and the previous wireframes. Feel free to send a message to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you want to receive an email reminder for this meeting. Thank you. '''The Campaign Product Team''' '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:37, 30 Machi 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23066888 --> == Event Registration Tool: Demo and Invitation to Test == Hello Subscribers! [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''The Campaigns Product  Team''']] from the Wikimedia Foundation will be hosting two office hours to  demo the new [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], and train organizers how to  use it. In these office hours, you will learn how to: * Create an event page in the new event namespace (as an event organizer) * Enable registration on your event page (as an event organizer) * Collect data on who registered for your event (as an event organizer) * Register for an event on the event page (as an event participant) You can attend one office hour or both, depending on your availability on the following dates: * Session 1: '''Thursday, July 21, 2022 at 5:00 PM UTC''' * Session 2: '''Saturday, July 23, 2022 at 12:00 PM UTC''' These events will be multilingual, with live interpretations in '''Arabic''', '''English''', '''French''', '''Italian''', and '''Portuguese''', and '''Swahili'''. Note that Portuguese will be available on the 21st, but not the 23rd. We strongly encourage you to join and share your feedback on the tool. Your feedback will help us improve the tool so that Wikimedians can have a better event experience. To register, please reply to this email or [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 07|'''''sign-up to our page''''']], by adding your signature. Thank you! <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> '''[[Mtumiaji:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:IBrazal (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 06:34, 18 Julai 2022 (UTC) == Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 == Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] will be having an office hour today, '''July 21, 2022 at 17:00 UTC''' via '''Zoom''' to demo the first release of the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']]. You may join the office hour using this [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/83538569035 '''meeting link''']. We look forward to your participation. Thank you. Best, The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:46, 21 Julai 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23512297 --> == Campaigns Product Update #4 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! We are excited to share our updates: *<div style = "text-align:left; color: #192980; font-size: 1em;>'''Event Registration v0'''</div> :We have successfully launched '''Event Registration tool V0''' on beta cluster and collected feedback from the first batch of testers. This tool is part of a more comprehensive organizing solution, the '''Event Center''', which hopes to support movement organizers. Through this registration solution, organizers can collect useful data on campaign participants and their needs while respecting participant privacy. :'''Testing update'''. In our first round of feedback collection, testers were composed of different types of organizers around the movement with a language focus on Arabic, French, English, and Swahili communities. Most of the testers successfully created their test event registrations and signed up for a test event registration created by other organizers. '''''Simple''''', '''''easy to use''''', and '''''aids in managing event participants''''' were the common feedback we received from first-time users. In contrast, access and proper localization of the tool were the points for improvement identified. We are working on V1, which will include '''communication support''' and integration with the [https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/ '''Programs and Event Dashboard''']. This will be released on Meta-Wiki soon. We hope to address accessibility during this launch and improve localization problems once the tool has been deployed in local wikiprojects. :[https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Main_Page ''The tool is still available for testing on the beta cluster'']. Feel free to leave feedback on our project talk page or this [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe53MNV9CKVBAF3SV2q97baufizH7b_2QJ47H1w0Upvoh4QFQ/viewform form]. *<div style = "text-align:left; color: #192980; font-size: 1em;>'''Organizer Lab'''</div> Looking for a way to learn how to effectively organize around sustainability? Join the beta version of the Organizer Lab on WikiLearn to understand how to effectively organize a global campaign around sustainability and climate change! Applications are open from '''September 22 - October 19, 2022'''. The Organizer Lab will be a '''9-week online learning experience from the end of October until mid December''' that prepares participants to obtain knowledge about the topics that they wish to create, a call to action for strategic knowledge gaps, as well as more generalized Wikimedia organizing and campaign/event design skills. :[[m:Campaigns/Organizer_Lab|'''Read more about the program''']]! <br> '''What's Next''': *'''Organizer Lab Information Session'''. We invite you to join our information session for the Organizer Lab on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1664546421 '''September 30, 2022 at 14:00 UTC'''] via '''Zoom'''. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89032870014 ''Join this session!'']<br> *'''Organizer User Rights'''. We are reaching out to a pool of administrators from Arabic, French and Swahili communities to collect feedback on what is the best way to define organizer user rights, what privileges to give to community organizers, and what are the limitations of these privileges. Feel free to reach out to our [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|product ambassadors]] or send an email to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you are interested to be part of these conversations. <br> ---- '''Community Feedback''': <center>''"Participants have been always asking the organizers are asked by participants whether they are registered, now participants will just look directly if they are registered, Thank you for creating the system"'' <br> - French Organizer <br><br> ''“I think that the platform will facilitate the process of promoting events and searching for participants”''<br> - Arabic Organizer </center><br> ---- <br> Thank you! '''The Campaigns Product Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 06:30, 21 Septemba 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23684552 --> == Campaigns Product Team Office Hour - December 2022 == Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|Wikimedia Foundation Campaigns Team]] invites you to join our upcoming office hours. In each session, we will introduce V1 of [[m:Event Center/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], so you can begin '''using it for real events on Meta-wiki'''. <br> In V1, the following new features will be includedː * Support for the organizer to specify an event timezone * Automatic confirmation emails after participants have registered * Private registration: the option for participants to register and only display their registered username to organizers of the event and we will teach you how you can use it yourself. <br> <u>'''Office Hour Sessions''':</u> * '''1st Session''': '''December 5, 2022''' @ '''18:00 UTC''' via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87853269514 Zoom] * '''2nd Session''': '''December 10, 2022''' @ '''12:00 UTC''' via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87853269514 Zoom] :[[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 12|'''''Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!''''']] <br> These office hours will be multilingual, with live interpretations in Arabic, English, French, and Swahili. Email us @ ''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org'' or [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 12|'''sign-up here''']] if you want to receive a reminder for this meeting. <br><br> Thank you. '''The Campaigns Product Team''' <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=24091515 --> ==Jamii== Ndugu, naona leo watu wanaongezea makala mbalimbali jamii ya editathon wakati hawajazichangia hata kidogo. Vipi? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:44, 25 Februari 2023 (UTC) :Ndugu, Watu wapo katika kuboresha makala ambazo tumezifanyia kazi huko nyuma. Hivyo wanafanya kuhakikisha kwamba makala hizi zinakua bora zaidi. Zinawekwa katika jamii hiyo ili wengine waweze kuzipitia zaidi na kuboresha pale wanapoona kuna fursa hiyo. Natumaini hii haina tatizo lolote. Asante --'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:49, 25 Februari 2023 (UTC) ::Hawaishii katika kuziweka kwenye jamii tu ila pia wanaongeza au kupunguza vitu vingine pia '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:51, 25 Februari 2023 (UTC) == Organizer Tools Office Hours & Event Discovery Project == ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/fr|Lire ce message en français]])'''; ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/es|Ver este mensaje en español]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/sw|Angalia ujumbe huu kwa Kiswahili]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/ar|إقرأ هذه الرسالة بالعربي]]''') <small> {{int:please-translate}} </small>. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team|The Campaigns team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation has some updates to share with you, which are: We invite you to attend our upcoming community office hours to learn about organizer tools, including the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration|Event registration tool]] (which has [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#September 18, 2023: October office hours & upcoming features|new and upcoming features]]). '''The office hours are on the following dates, and you can join one or both of them:''' *'''Saturday, October 7 at 12:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session A|Register here]]''') **Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Swahili *'''Tuesday, October 10 at 18:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session B|Register here]]'''). **Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Swahili '''We have launched a new project: [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|Event Discovery]]'''. This project aims to make it easier for editors to learn about campaign events. '''We need your help to understand how you would like to discover events on the wikis, so that we can create a useful solution. Please share your feedback on our [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|project talk page]]'''. ; Thank you, and we hope to see you at the upcoming office hours! [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 19:54, 24 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <small>You are receiving this message because you subscribed to this [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|list]]</small> <!-- Message sent by User:EUwandu-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=25632558 --> == Question from [[User:Nemence|Nemence]] on [[Algorithm]] (18:40, 7 Desemba 2023) == Hello,explain types of algorithms --'''[[Mtumiaji:Nemence|Nemence]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Nemence|majadiliano]])''' 18:40, 7 Desemba 2023 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Tremor np|Tremor np]] on [[Akili bandia]] (17:43, 13 Desemba 2023) == Refute the claim that religious terrorism exists --'''[[Mtumiaji:Tremor np|Tremor np]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tremor np|majadiliano]])''' 17:43, 13 Desemba 2023 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Tremor np|Tremor np]] on [[Akili bandia]] (17:45, 13 Desemba 2023) == Refute the claim that religious terrorism exists --'''[[Mtumiaji:Tremor np|Tremor np]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tremor np|majadiliano]])''' 17:45, 13 Desemba 2023 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Kidawish Daniel|Kidawish Daniel]] (00:57, 16 Desemba 2023) == There is a page named "Messi" on Wikipedia. See also the other search results found. View (previous 20 | next 20) (20 | 50 | 100 | 250 | 500) Lionel Messi Lionel Andrés Messi (matamshi ya Kihispania: [ljonel andɾes mesi]; alizaliwa 24 Juni 1987) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Argentina anayecheza katika... 14 KB (1,658 words) - 09:43, 16 December 2022 Mchezaji kikapu Mchezaji wa mpira wa mikono Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu maarufu kwa jina la Lionel Messi Mchezaji maarufu wa mpira wa miguu, Cristiano Ronaldo... 675 bytes (63 words) - 14:13, 10 November 2019 La Masia wachezaji bora wa dunia (Ballon d'Or) wachezaji hao ni Andres Iniesta, Lionel Messi na Xavi. La Masia pia ni jina la mafunzo ya soka ya FC Barcelona, Awali... 1 KB (139 words) - 13:35, 27 May 2018 24 Juni 1983 - John Lloyd Cruz, mwigizaji wa filamu kutoka Ufilipino 1987 - Lionel Messi, mchezaji wa mpira kutoka Argentina 238 - Maximinus Thrax, Kaisari wa Dola... 2 KB (213 words) - 13:25, 1 October 2023 1987 Juni - Semra Kebede, mwigizaji wa filamu kutoka Ethiopia 24 Juni - Lionel Messi, mchezaji wa mpira kutoka Argentina 26 Juni - Samir Nasri, mchezaji mpira... 3 KB (364 words) - 20:14, 3 July 2016 Timu ya Taifa ya Kandanda ya Argentina adhabu ya utata katika dakika ya 87. Argentina, iliyoongozwa na Lionel Messi ilifanya mechi yao ya tano katika fainali ya Kombe la Dunia mwaka 2014,... 1 KB (174 words) - 00:32, 9 June 2020 Mshambuliaji nyingi zilitumia mfumo unaohusisha nafasi hii kwa kiasi kikubwa. Lionel Messi wa klabu ya Barcelona amekua mchezaji mwenyemafanikio sana katika miaka... 13 KB (1,469 words) - 10:55, 28 August 2022 Manuel Neuer Mnamo 2014, Neuer alimaliza wa tatu katika upigaji kura, nyuma ya Lionel Messi na Cristiano Ronaldo, kwa tuzo ya FIFA Ballon d'Or. Alipewa Kipa wa UEFA... 1 KB (122 words) - 13:14, 27 September 2020 Olubayo Adefemi ambayo ilimaliza ya pili nyuma ya timu ya Argentina iliyoongozwa na Lionel Messi katika Mashindano ya Vijana ya Kombe la Dunia ya FIFA 2005 huko Uholanzi. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Kidawish Daniel|Kidawish Daniel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kidawish Daniel|majadiliano]])''' 00:57, 16 Desemba 2023 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Songoni|Songoni]] on [[Netiboli]] (04:07, 9 Machi 2024) == The rule of netball How to play netball --'''[[Mtumiaji:Songoni|Songoni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Songoni|majadiliano]])''' 04:07, 9 Machi 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Mr.goodluckyunambweakyoo|Mr.goodluckyunambweakyoo]] on [[Poecilagenia]] (19:14, 17 Machi 2024) == hellow --'''[[Mtumiaji:Mr.goodluckyunambweakyoo|Mr.goodluckyunambweakyoo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mr.goodluckyunambweakyoo|majadiliano]])''' 19:14, 17 Machi 2024 (UTC) == tutu njia zipi rahisi zinazoleta tijakwenye uzalishaji wa mazao!shambani? 1.zao la bishara2.zao la chakila3.zao la kulisha eanya pia == tutumie njia zipi rahisi  zinazoleta tijakwenye uzalishaji wa mazao!shambani?  1.zao la bishara2.zao la chakula3.zao la kulisha wanyama pia '''[[Mtumiaji:Mr.goodluckyunambweakyoo|Mr.goodluckyunambweakyoo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mr.goodluckyunambweakyoo|majadiliano]])''' 19:24, 17 Machi 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Graham mashinji|Graham mashinji]] (14:53, 24 Machi 2024) == Hello, how can I use wikipedia in my studies? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Graham mashinji|Graham mashinji]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Graham mashinji|majadiliano]])''' 14:53, 24 Machi 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Ibrahim hamis kilawe|Ibrahim hamis kilawe]] on [[Sensa]] (12:30, 13 Aprili 2024) == ibrahimhamis@705lime.com --'''[[Mtumiaji:Ibrahim hamis kilawe|Ibrahim hamis kilawe]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ibrahim hamis kilawe|majadiliano]])''' 12:30, 13 Aprili 2024 (UTC) == Ukumbusho kuhusu kupiga kura sasa ili kuchagua washiriki wa U4C ya awamu ya kwanza == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Unaweza kupata ujumbe huu ukiwa umetafsiriwa katika lugha za ziada kwenye Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Ndugu Mwanawikimedia, Unapokea ujumbe huu kwa sababu hapo kabla uliwahi kushiriki katika mchakato wa UCoC. Huu ni ukumbusho kwamba kipindi cha kupiga kura kwa Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C) kitamalizika tarehe 9 Mei 2024. Soma maelezo kwenye [[Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|ukurasa wa kupiga kura kwenye Meta- wiki]] ili kupata maelezo zaidi kuhusu upigaji kura na ustahiki wa mpiga kura. Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C) ni kikundi cha kimataifa kilichojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Wanajamii walialikwa kutuma maombi yao kwa U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, tafadhali [[Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|pitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe wanajumuiya wenzako ili nao waweze kushiriki. Kwa niaba ya timu ya mradi wa UCoC,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 22:54, 2 Mei 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_3&oldid=26721208 --> == Question from [[User:Helmina Mapunda|Helmina Mapunda]] (14:03, 16 Mei 2024) == Good evening , incase to get a typo error on the heading , how to edit that please. thanks --'''[[Mtumiaji:Helmina Mapunda|Helmina Mapunda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Helmina Mapunda|majadiliano]])''' 14:03, 16 Mei 2024 (UTC) :Good evening, I hope it is a page on Kiswahili Wikipedia. If so click on the down arrow near the edit button then click Hamisha Ukurasa the change the name then click save - '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:14, 16 Mei 2024 (UTC) '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:14, 16 Mei 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Haulechristina|Haulechristina]] (09:18, 17 Mei 2024) == Asante --'''[[Mtumiaji:Haulechristina|Haulechristina]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Haulechristina|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 17 Mei 2024 (UTC) :Karibu '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:27, 27 Mei 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:First Vision T Limited|First Vision T Limited]] (14:18, 17 Mei 2024) == Hello, why i can't see the article i created,it says has been deleted --'''[[Mtumiaji:First Vision T Limited|First Vision T Limited]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:First Vision T Limited|majadiliano]])''' 14:18, 17 Mei 2024 (UTC) :It might be that you did not follow all the guidelines for writing a wikipedia article. Please take this course to learn more about creating good articles on Wikipedia. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GBCxb9oaz5s Click here] '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:27, 27 Mei 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:LeonelLenty|LeonelLenty]] on [[American British Academy]] (17:09, 23 Mei 2024) == Hello my name is leonelLenty how can I join that school without money --'''[[Mtumiaji:LeonelLenty|LeonelLenty]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:LeonelLenty|majadiliano]])''' 17:09, 23 Mei 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:ABDULAZIZI JUMA JUMANNE MNYAMPANDA|ABDULAZIZI JUMA JUMANNE MNYAMPANDA]] (13:19, 27 Mei 2024) == how to add photo or image on wikipedia --'''[[Mtumiaji:ABDULAZIZI JUMA JUMANNE MNYAMPANDA|ABDULAZIZI JUMA JUMANNE MNYAMPANDA]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ABDULAZIZI JUMA JUMANNE MNYAMPANDA|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 27 Mei 2024 (UTC) :Please visit this link to learn more. [[wikiedudashboard:training/students/images-and-media/add-an-image-to-wikipedia|CLICK HERE]] -'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:22, 27 Mei 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:HAGAI HUBERT TEMU|HAGAI HUBERT TEMU]] (12:53, 9 Juni 2024) == Hello --'''[[Mtumiaji:HAGAI HUBERT TEMU|HAGAI HUBERT TEMU]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:HAGAI HUBERT TEMU|majadiliano]])''' 12:53, 9 Juni 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:HAGAI HUBERT TEMU|HAGAI HUBERT TEMU]] (12:53, 9 Juni 2024) (2) == how do the challenge works --'''[[Mtumiaji:HAGAI HUBERT TEMU|HAGAI HUBERT TEMU]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:HAGAI HUBERT TEMU|majadiliano]])''' 12:53, 9 Juni 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Mweta juma|Mweta juma]] on [[Google Play]] (05:29, 29 Juni 2024) == Mweta juma family --'''[[Mtumiaji:Mweta juma|Mweta juma]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mweta juma|majadiliano]])''' 05:29, 29 Juni 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Mfurahivu|Mfurahivu]] (10:54, 18 Julai 2024) == Hey Eben! I need your assistance. I'd like to ask you how do I categorize article? Recently I've translated an article, added a link to other languages, but I didn't found a way to attach it to "jamiis". Thank you in advance! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Mfurahivu|Mfurahivu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mfurahivu|majadiliano]])''' 10:54, 18 Julai 2024 (UTC) :Hello Mfurahivu, :Please reach out via my email where we can schedule a quick call to help you out. :—'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:59, 14 Agosti 2024 (UTC) '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:59, 14 Agosti 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Noel200|Noel200]] (16:38, 12 Agosti 2024) == hello mr --'''[[Mtumiaji:Noel200|Noel200]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Noel200|majadiliano]])''' 16:38, 12 Agosti 2024 (UTC) :Hello —'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:57, 14 Agosti 2024 (UTC) '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:57, 14 Agosti 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Selemani Husein Kibago|Selemani Husein Kibago]] (06:41, 14 Agosti 2024) == Hello Eben Naitaji kujitolea kufanya uhariri katika kazi mbali mbali nifuate utaratibu upi? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Selemani Husein Kibago|Selemani Husein Kibago]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Selemani Husein Kibago|majadiliano]])''' 06:41, 14 Agosti 2024 (UTC) :Habari Selemani, :Karibu sana. Je upo mkoa gani? Nikifahamu upo sehemu itakua ni rahisi kukukutanisha na jamii ya wahariri ili iwe rahisi kwako. :—'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:57, 14 Agosti 2024 (UTC) '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:57, 14 Agosti 2024 (UTC) == Ndugu == Habari yako? Usharudi nchini? Nimeona kimya kabisa! [[User:Muddybr|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 10:41, 14 Agosti 2024 (UTC) :Salama, habari? :Bado sijarudi, nitakujulisha nikirudi :'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:30, 14 Agosti 2024 (UTC) '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:30, 14 Agosti 2024 (UTC) ::Poa. Shukrani! [[User:Muddybr|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 11:37, 14 Agosti 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Ester Gasper Kimario|Ester Gasper Kimario]] (14:11, 31 Oktoba 2024) == HABARI UANWEZA KUNISAIDIA --'''[[Mtumiaji:Ester Gasper Kimario|Ester Gasper Kimario]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ester Gasper Kimario|majadiliano]])''' 14:11, 31 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) :Ndio, karibu sana Ester —'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:35, 31 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:35, 31 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:YOA MEDIA|YOA MEDIA]] (14:11, 16 Novemba 2024) == Nawazeje kuchapisha makala zangu Wikipedia? --'''[[Mtumiaji:YOA MEDIA|YOA MEDIA]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:YOA MEDIA|majadiliano]])''' 14:11, 16 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Habari@[[Mtumiaji:YOA MEDIA|YOA MEDIA]] Uhahitaji kuchapisha makala kuhusu nini? Tafadhali tizama ukurasa wako wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:YOA MEDIA|majadiliano]] kuna maelezo baadhi ya namna na nini unaweza kufanya. Usisite kunirudia kama hautoelewa chochote. Asante -'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:09, 12 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Ahabu|Ahabu]] (09:15, 26 Desemba 2024) == Ahabu Godfrey Ng'umbi --'''[[Mtumiaji:Ahabu|Ahabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ahabu|majadiliano]])''' 09:15, 26 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:EmmyTsd|EmmyTsd]] (17:21, 30 Desemba 2024) == Hello Eben nawekaje picha ninapoedit makala --'''[[Mtumiaji:EmmyTsd|EmmyTsd]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EmmyTsd|majadiliano]])''' 17:21, 30 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :Habari EmmyTSD :Tafadhali bonyeza kiungo hapa uweze kujifunza namna ya kuongeza picha. [[wikiedudashboard:training/students/images-and-media/add-an-image-to-wikipedia|KIUNGO]] '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 20:01, 30 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Kamilius Ambrose terenzi|Kamilius Ambrose terenzi]] on [[Wikipedia:Request an account]] (13:42, 28 Januari 2025) == maana ya Avieta prdecten --'''[[Mtumiaji:Kamilius Ambrose terenzi|Kamilius Ambrose terenzi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kamilius Ambrose terenzi|majadiliano]])''' 13:42, 28 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Tungependa kusikia kuhusu uzoefu wako kuhusu Akaunti za Muda == <section begin="body"/> [[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]] '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo Utafiti huu hautachukua zaidi ya dakika 5 kukamilisha.]''' Timu ya Trust & Safety Product hivi karibuni iliunda [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|akaunti za muda]] zinapatikana kwenye miradi ya wiki 12. Kuna mipango ya kupanua hili kwa seti kubwa ya miradi ya wiki katika wiki na miezi ijayo, kisha kufuata mchakato wa kutekeleza kikamilifu baadaye mwaka huu. Ushiriki wako katika utafiti huu utakuwa na manufaa makubwa katika kutusaidia kuelewa jinsi Akaunti za Muda zinavyofanya kazi na kile tunachoweza kuboresha mbele. Sera ya faragha ya utafiti huu inaweza kuonwa [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|kupitia kiungo hiki]]. Kwa kumaliza utafiti huu, unakubali masharti yaliyoainishwa katika sera ya faragha. Asante!<section end="body"/> [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">majadiliano</span>]]) 02:50, 27 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/8&oldid=28315571 --> == Question from [[User:Amosi Jonas Stefano|Amosi Jonas Stefano]] on [[1994]] (09:43, 1 Machi 2025) == National events took place during 1994 in Tanzania --'''[[Mtumiaji:Amosi Jonas Stefano|Amosi Jonas Stefano]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Amosi Jonas Stefano|majadiliano]])''' 09:43, 1 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Thobias mgimwa|Thobias mgimwa]] on [[Majadiliano:Januari 2025]] (18:47, 13 Aprili 2025) == Habari ,nahitaji kuweka picha katika chapisho langu nawekaje --'''[[Mtumiaji:Thobias mgimwa|Thobias mgimwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Thobias mgimwa|majadiliano]])''' 18:47, 13 Aprili 2025 (UTC) :Habari @[[Mtumiaji:Thobias mgimwa|Thobias mgimwa]], :Tafadhali bonyeza kiungo hapa uweze kujifunza namna ya kuongeza picha. [[https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Msaada:Picha|KIUNGO]] '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 17:43, 14 Aprili 2025 (UTC) == Question from [[User:EmmyTsd|EmmyTsd]] (18:56, 22 Aprili 2025) == How do i add a picture on an article --'''[[Mtumiaji:EmmyTsd|EmmyTsd]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EmmyTsd|majadiliano]])''' 18:56, 22 Aprili 2025 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Bigchance designer|Bigchance designer]] on [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Bigchance designer]] (07:50, 25 Aprili 2025) == habari nahitaji msaada --'''[[Mtumiaji:Bigchance designer|Bigchance designer]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Bigchance designer|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 25 Aprili 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Bigchance designer|Bigchance designer]] Karibu. Tukusaidie nini? [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 07:55, 25 Aprili 2025 (UTC) == Join the 6th Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Campaign – 2025 Edition == Dear Wikimedia affiliate community leader, Thanks for organizing the previous editions of the [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Campaign|Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos]] Campaign in your community. We invite your community again to participate in the 6th edition of the [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2025|Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Campaign]], a global campaign taking place from July 1 to August 31, 2025. Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photos, then add a suitable photo from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests ([[:m:Wiki Loves Africa|Wiki Loves Africa]], [[:m:Wiki Loves Earth|Wiki Loves Earth]], [[:m:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]], [[:m:Wiki Loves Monuments|Wiki Loves Monuments]], etc.) over the years. More than 80 Wikimedia affiliates have participated since the campaign was launched in 2020 and have added images to more than 400,000 Wikipedia articles in over 245 Wikipedia languages. Thanks to the volunteer contributors! We now invite your affiliate to organize and lead the campaign within your community. As a local organizer, you may: *Encourage individual members to take part by adding images to Wikipedia articles. *Host edit-a-thons focused on improving visual content. *Organize training workshops to teach contributors how to correctly integrate images into Wikipedia. These activities will help build local capacity and increase visual content across Wikipedia. Please note that for participants to be eligible to participate in the campaign, they need to have registered an account for at least a year before the official start date of the contest. That is, for the 2025 edition, they must have registered an account on or before July 1, 2025. The account can be from any Wikimedia project wikis. The organizing team is looking for a contact person to coordinate WPWP participation at the Wikimedia user group or chapter level (geographically or thematically) or for a language Wikipedia. We would be glad for you to [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2025/Participating Communities|sign up directly]] at [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2025/Participating Communities|WPWP Participating Communities]]. With kind regards, [[User:Reading Beans]] On behalf of the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos campaign 2025. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:43, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:T Cells@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_Pages_Wanting_Photos_2025/Call_for_participation_letter/Targets_past_organizers&oldid=28745740 --> == Question from [[User:EORCENBEHRT MATIAS NDEWA|EORCENBEHRT MATIAS NDEWA]] on [[Mtumiaji:EORCENBEHRT MATIAS NDEWA/ukurasa wa majaribio]] (20:32, 10 Juni 2025) == Hujambo. --'''[[Mtumiaji:EORCENBEHRT MATIAS NDEWA|EORCENBEHRT MATIAS NDEWA]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EORCENBEHRT MATIAS NDEWA|majadiliano]])''' 20:32, 10 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Question from [[User:EORCENBEHRT MATIAS NDEWA|EORCENBEHRT MATIAS NDEWA]] on [[Mtumiaji:EORCENBEHRT MATIAS NDEWA/ukurasa wa majaribio]] (20:32, 10 Juni 2025) (2) == Hujambo. --'''[[Mtumiaji:EORCENBEHRT MATIAS NDEWA|EORCENBEHRT MATIAS NDEWA]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EORCENBEHRT MATIAS NDEWA|majadiliano]])''' 20:32, 10 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Question from [[User:KIRISITOHP KINYATA|KIRISITOHP KINYATA]] on [[Wikipedia:About]] (16:06, 2 Julai 2025) == shikamo mmeshindaje --'''[[Mtumiaji:KIRISITOHP KINYATA|KIRISITOHP KINYATA]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:KIRISITOHP KINYATA|majadiliano]])''' 16:06, 2 Julai 2025 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Ostaz Juma|Ostaz Juma]] on [[Mtumiaji:Ostaz Juma Namusoma/Urasimu]] (21:32, 10 Julai 2025) == Habari za jioni je naonekana kwnye wikipedia? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Ostaz Juma|Ostaz Juma]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ostaz Juma|majadiliano]])''' 21:32, 10 Julai 2025 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju|Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju]] on [[Wakongo]] (06:55, 26 Julai 2025) == Habari, Samahani nimeshindwa kuweka hio sehemu ya juu katika Kiswahili lakini pia nimejaribu kuondoa imekuwa changamoto. Naomba nisaidie katika hili. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju|Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tumaini Mwenda Ruleju|majadiliano]])''' 06:55, 26 Julai 2025 (UTC) == Wito wa kupiga kura kwa ajili ya [[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]] - awe msimamizi wa kusano == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], unaombwa kupiga kura juu ya kumpatia uwezo wa ukabidhi/usimamizi wa kusano katika ukurasa wa [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Msimaizi wa KUSANO - Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]]. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 07:58, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Micwolrd|Micwolrd]] on [[Rostam Abdulrasul Aziz]] (18:26, 2 Septemba 2025) == Hlw, nahitaji kujua zaidi kuhusu chama cha mapinduzi na mihimili yake. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Micwolrd|Micwolrd]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Micwolrd|majadiliano]])''' 18:26, 2 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Simbamtata|Simbamtata]] (19:53, 8 Oktoba 2025) == Hi ,Nataka kuandika kitu kuhusu mziki wa Singeri --'''[[Mtumiaji:Simbamtata|Simbamtata]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Simbamtata|majadiliano]])''' 19:53, 8 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Habari @[[Mtumiaji:Simbamtata|Simbamtata]], Je tayari unajua misingi ya uandishi ya makala kwenye Wikipedia? '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:08, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Mimi Prowess|Mimi Prowess]] (10:01, 9 Oktoba 2025) == Habari, Napenda ukuuliza swali mentor, je kwanini wikipedia ya kiswahili ina infobox chache sana ? napenda kuwa mtu ambaye anatengeneza infobox nimejifunza ila je nawezaje kuwa admin ili niweze kuzisakinisha zifanye kazi katika wikipedia ya kiswahili? mentee, Mimi Prowess --'''[[Mtumiaji:Mimi Prowess|Mimi Prowess]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mimi Prowess|majadiliano]])''' 10:01, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Habari @[[Mtumiaji:Mimi Prowess|Mimi Prowess]], Hongera sana kwa kujifunza namna ya kutengeneza infobox kwenye Wikipedia yetu ya Kiswahili. Kuhusu namna ya kua admin, hufanyika kwa uchaguzi kutoka kwa wachangiaji kwenye Wikipedia yetu. Sina uhakika kwamba uchaguzi unaofuata wa wakabidhi utakua ni lini, wacha niulize wakabidhi wenzangu halafu nitakurudia -'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:13, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Salaam @[[Mtumiaji:Mimi Prowess|Mimi Prowess]], Nimewashirikisha wakabidhi wengine kuhusu kazi nzuri unayoifanya. Baada ya kujadiliana wamesema kwamba infobox ulizozitengeneza zinaweza kutumika bila kusanikisha hivyo hauhitaji kua mkabidhi ili kutengeneza infobox na zikatumika. Hivyo basi endelea na kazi nzuri unayoifanya ya kukuza Wikipedia yetu ya Kiswahili. Asante -'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:37, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :::Asante sana mentor @[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Mimi Prowess|Mimi Prowess]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mimi Prowess|majadiliano]])''' 16:13, 12 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Habari ndugu @CaliBen, Nimeona umeweka taarifa juu ya makala tajwa kuwa ni kuhusu sehemu isiyojulikana. Bahati mbaya hizi ni shule chache zenye historia kubwa japo hazijulikani. Kuna haja ya kuziangazia kwa kina zaidi. Amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mikroworld|Mikroworld]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mikroworld|majadiliano]])''' 21:08, 21 Novemba 2025 (UTC) == Karibu mjini == Babu, kheri ya mwaka mpya. Naona mambo mapya. Matendo yanasadifu maana ya mwanzoni mwa mwaka. Kongole. [[Evangelina Oyo Ebule]] kuchele chee! Hakuna kitu kizuri kama kuacha kuwa supervisor na kuifanya kazi mwenyewe huku team yako ikikufuata kwa nyuma. Ni fahari! Nimefurahi mno. Tena sana! Unyampara si mzuri. Leading by example. Uendelee kufanya kazi nzuri. Najua fika dunia yako kuu ni Wikidata, sisi usitutenge (ombi). [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 13:34, 11 Januari 2026 (UTC) :Babu, asante! Kheri ya mwaka mpya kwako na uwapendao! :Shukrani sana, najaribu kufuata nyayo za wakongwe nyinyi katika fani. Naahidi kwamba tupo bega kwa bega kusukuma gurudumu hili mwaka huu. Pamoja sana '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:31, 11 Januari 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] Pamoja sana! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:47, 13 Januari 2026 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Beatrice Mushi|Beatrice Mushi]] (08:47, 21 Januari 2026) == nimefanya mabadiliko kwenye mahala ya Hannah Momoh --'''[[Mtumiaji:Beatrice Mushi|Beatrice Mushi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Beatrice Mushi|majadiliano]])''' 08:47, 21 Januari 2026 (UTC) :Hongera @[[Mtumiaji:Beatrice Mushi|Beatrice Mushi]], Tafadhali ukitumia tafsiri ya kompyuta kumbuka kusoma makala kama inaleta maana. Kila la heri, '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:49, 21 Januari 2026 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Christian Andrew Maziki|Christian Andrew Maziki]] (06:36, 1 Februari 2026) == Habari nawezaje kuhariri jina langu hapa wikipedia? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Christian Andrew Maziki|Christian Andrew Maziki]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christian Andrew Maziki|majadiliano]])''' 06:36, 1 Februari 2026 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Baddisam|Baddisam]] on [[Mtumiaji:Baddisam]] (19:47, 26 Aprili 2026) == Habari nawezaje kubadili page nane --'''[[Mtumiaji:Baddisam|Baddisam]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Baddisam|majadiliano]])''' 19:47, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will be a week in between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:11, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30472482 --> == Visual editor katika miradi ya wiki == Habari ndugu {{PAGENAME}}, Natumai u mzima. Naomba nafasi yako kidogo utupe mkono katika kuboresha mifumo yetu ya kiufundi hapa Swahili Wikipedia. Nimeanzisha ombi kule Phabricator ili watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor (Mhariri Unaoonekana) kwenye kurasa za miradi na kampeni zetu (`Wikipedia:Namespace`), jambo ambalo litatupunguzia sana mzigo wa kutumia Wiki markup ngumu wakati wa kuandaa warsha, mashindano, au majedwali ya miradi. Ili mafundi wa Wikimedia Foundation wawishe mfumo huu, wanahitaji kuona maridhiano na kura za wanajumuia wetu. Tafadhali naomba upitie hapa katika ukurasa wa Jumuiya kutoa kura yako ya Kuunga Mkono au maoni yako: 👉 [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace)|Bofya hapa kushiriki na kupiga kura]] Mchango wako wa sekunde chache utasaidia sana kurahisisha kazi ya waratibu na wahariri wote wa jumuia yetu. Shukrani sana. 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Naomba nafasi yako kidogo utupe mkono katika kufanikisha mradi mpya wa maudhui hapa Swahili Wikipedia. Nimeanzisha wazo la mradi kule Jumuiya ili kuomba ruzuku ya Rapid Fund kutoka Wikimedia Foundation (WMF). Lengo ni kuandaa warsha (workshop) na mashindano ya uandishi (Edit-a-thon) yatakayolenga kuziba pengo kubwa la makala za filamu na waigizaji wa Asia (hususan C-Dramas na K-Dramas), mada ambazo zina wasomaji wengi sana Afrika Mashariki lakini hazina maudhui ya kutosha kwa Kiswahili. Ili jopo la ruzuku la WMF lipitishe maombi haya ya fedha, wanahitaji kuona maridhiano (consensus) na kuungwa mkono na wanajumuia wetu wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. 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Shukrani sana. — '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 10:16, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Tariqi athumani|Tariqi athumani]] on [[:Google Play|Google Play]] (23:41, 1 Novemba 2026) == Habali --'''[[Mtumiaji:Tariqi athumani|Tariqi athumani]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tariqi athumani|majadiliano]])''' 23:41, 1 Novemba 2026 (UTC) ft383mx0hlmh14e6vzp2m4j1uuziu9x 0 116690 1612427 1512689 2026-11-01T16:00:34Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612427 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |jina = Gemma Sisia |picha = |cheo = Muasisi wa shule ya St Jude |tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1971|11|3|df=y}} |utaifa = Muaustralia |watoto = 4 }} '''Gemma Sisia''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Gemma Rice''';<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.panmacmillan.com.au/author/gemma-sisia|title=Gemma Sisia - Pan Macmillan Australia|last=Australia|first=Pan Macmillan|website=www.panmacmillan.com.au|access-date=2016-05-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809123904/http://www.panmacmillan.com.au/author/gemma-sisia|archivedate=2016-08-09|url-status=dead}}</ref> alizaliwa [[3 Novemba]] [[1971]]<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.schoolofstjude.org/about-us/q-a-with-gemma.html|title=Q & A with Gemma Sisia {{!}} About Us {{!}} The School of St Jude|website=www.schoolofstjude.org|access-date=2016-05-11|accessdate=2019-08-27|archivedate=2019-08-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826130830/https://www.schoolofstjude.org/about-us/q-a-with-gemma.html}}</ref>) ni mfadhili kutoka [[Australia]]. Mwaka [[2002]] alianzisha [[Shule ya St Jude]] iliyopo [[Tanzania]],<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.stvincents.nsw.edu.au/community/ex-students/inspiring-alumni/olivia-gall-3/|title=Gemma Sisia - The School of St Jude » St Vincent's College|website=www.stvincents.nsw.edu.au|access-date=2016-05-11|accessdate=2019-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219105817/http://www.stvincents.nsw.edu.au/community/ex-students/inspiring-alumni/olivia-gall-3|archivedate=2019-02-19}}</ref> shule ambayo inatoa elimu bure na ya kiwango bora kwa [[watoto]] wa Tanzania zaidi ya 1,800; kati yao zaidi ya 1,400 wanalala bwenini."<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.schoolofstjude.org/about-us/overview.html|title=About St Jude's|website=|access-date=2016-07-04|accessdate=2019-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827083253/https://www.schoolofstjude.org/about-us/overview.html|archivedate=2019-08-27}}</ref> == Maisha == Sisia amekulia huko Armidale, [[New South Wales]], Australia katika [[shamba]] la [[familia]] ambapo walikuwa wanajishughulisha na [[ufugaji]] wa [[Kondoo-kaya|kondoo]] wa [[sufu]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.icmi.com.au/gemma-sisia|title=Gemma Sisia ICMI {{!}} ICMI Speakers Bureau|website=www.icmi.com.au|access-date=2016-05-11|accessdate=2019-08-27|archivedate=2016-06-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610172356/http://www.icmi.com.au/gemma-sisia}}</ref> Ni [[binti]] pekee katika familia yenye watoto nane.<ref name=":0" /> [[Mama]] yake mzazi anafahamika kwa jina la Sue na baba mzazi anafahamika kwa jina la Basil Rice.<ref name=":0" /> Katika utoto wake, Gemma alishindana katika kuendesha [[farasi]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.abc.net.au/austory/content/2005/s1438105.htm|title=Australian Story - Interview with Gemma Sisia|website=www.abc.net.au|access-date=2016-05-11}}</ref> Kama binti wa pekee kati ya watoto nane wa Sue na Basil Rice, Gemma alilazimika kwenda na ndugu zake wakati wa kufyatua kondoo na kuendesha farasi. Mama yake Gemma, Sue, anaamini hili ambapo msimamo wa binti yake Gemma ulitokea; "Sidhani kama unaweza kumshawishi Gemma kufanya ama kuacha kitu chochote."<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.smh.com.au/good-weekend/we-call-this-heaven-gemma-sisias-tanzanian-story-20151007-gk3y6z.html|title='We call this heaven': Gemma Sisia's Tanzanian story|last=Cheshire|first=Ben|date=2015-11-27|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en-US|access-date=2016-10-18}}</ref> Basil, baba yake Gemma, alifariki mnamo mwaka 2004.<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.smh.com.au/good-weekend/we-call-this-heaven-gemma-sisias-tanzanian-story-20151007-gk3y6z.html|title='We call this heaven': Gemma Sisia's Tanzanian story|last=Cheshire|first=Ben|date=2015-11-27|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en-US|access-date=2016-10-18}}</ref> Alihitimu [[elimu]] ya juu chuo cha St Vincent (St Vincent's College, Potts Point|St Vincent's College).<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/newslocal/city-east/former-st-vincents-collge-student-gemma-sisia-bringing-education-to-tanzania/news-story/b46510c5f8007953038bfa75bf960ed6|title=Daily Telegraph|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> Familia yake ilisisitiza sana juu ya elimu wakati akikua.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.smh.com.au/good-weekend/we-call-this-heaven-gemma-sisias-tanzanian-story-20151007-gk3y6z.html|title='We call this heaven': Gemma Sisia's Tanzanian story|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=2016-05-11}}</ref> Baada ya kuhitimu masomo ya sekondari <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.stvincents.nsw.edu.au/community/ex-students/inspiring-alumni/olivia-gall-3/|title=Gemma Sisia - The School of St Jude » St Vincent's College|website=www.stvincents.nsw.edu.au|access-date=2016-10-18|accessdate=2019-08-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219105817/http://www.stvincents.nsw.edu.au/community/ex-students/inspiring-alumni/olivia-gall-3|archivedate=2019-02-19}}</ref> Gemma aliamua kusoma Shahada ya Sayansi Chuo Kikuu. Alijikita katika genetics na Biochemistry huko Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://events.unimelb.edu.au/presenters/1939-ms-gemma-sisia-bsc|title=Ms Gemma Sisia BSc • Events at The University of Melbourne|website=events.unimelb.edu.au|access-date=2016-10-18}}</ref> and the University of Northern Territory ambapo alipata shahada daraja la Kwanza. Gemma alimaliza masomo yake ya juu na diploma ya elimu kupitia Chuo Kikuu cha New England (Australia) [[University of New England (Australia)|University of New England]]. Akiwa na umri wa miaka 22 na shauku na bidii aliyerithi kutoka kwa baba yake, Edmund Rice (mwanzilishi wa harakati ya Christian Brothers), alihamia [[Uganda]] kufanya kazi kama mwalimu wa kujitolea katika shule ya wahudumu.<ref name=":2" /> Uzoefu huu ulisababisha imani ya dhati kwamba elimu ya bure na ya hali ya juu inapaswa kuwa haki ya watoto wote ulimwenguni, na kwamba elimu ndio silaha kali katika vita dhidi ya umaskini, rushwa na kukosekana kwa utulivu wa kisiasa. Gemma alitumia wakati fulani kusaidia watu wasio na uwezo wa kifedha barani Afrika. Baadaye alipotembelea Tanzania, alikutana na Richard Sisia, dereva wa safari wa kitanzania.<ref name=":2" /> Wawili hao baadae walioana na kufanikiwa kupata watoto wanne.<ref name=":2" /> Aliporudi kwao Australia, Gemma alianza kukusanya pesa ya kufadhili na kusaidia watoto wanyonge nchini Uganda ili kumaliza shule. Akifurahishwa na msaada na michango, Gemma alifanikiwa kutengeneza pesa nyingi, za kutosha hivi kwamba alianzisha mfuko rasmi kuwekeza katika elimu ya watoto wasio na uwezo wa kifedha Afrika Mashariki. Baada ya kugundua kuwa fedha alizotoa kama msaada hazikuwa zikisambazwa vizuri, aliamua kurudi Afrika Mashariki kusimamia pesa hizo mwenyewe. Akiwa anafanya kazi nchini Uganda Gemma alienda likizo nchi jirani, Tanzania. Ilikuwa safarini alipokutana na kupendana na Richard Sisia, aliekua dereva wa safari yake, ambaye walipanga baadaye aje kuwa mume wake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.schoolofstjude.org/about-us/q-a-with-gemma.html|title=Q & A with Gemma Sisia {{!}} About Us {{!}} The School of St Jude|website=www.schoolofstjude.org|access-date=2016-10-18|accessdate=2019-08-26|archivedate=2019-08-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826130830/https://www.schoolofstjude.org/about-us/q-a-with-gemma.html}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1998 Daniel Sisia, baba mzazi wa Richard na baba mkwe wa Gemma, alimpatia Gemma shamba dogo huko Arusha ili kujenga shule ya kusadia watoto wasio na uwezo wa kifedha kwenda shule.<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://mnnews.today/aurora-magazine/october-2016/13286-educating-for-big-dreams-and-the-power-of-possibility/|title=Educating for big dreams and the power of possibility|date=2016-10-05|newspaper=mnnews.today|access-date=2016-10-18|accessdate=2019-08-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304115626/http://mnnews.today/aurora-magazine/october-2016/13286-educating-for-big-dreams-and-the-power-of-possibility/|archivedate=2017-03-04}}</ref> Gemma alianza kujenga Shule ya St Jude kwenye ardhi hii na dhamira ya kusaidia watoto wasio na uwezo wa kifedha kupata elimu. Shule hiyo ilifunguliwa mnamo mwaka 2002 ikiwa wanafunzi watatu waliodhaminiwa na imekua mfululizo tangu hapo. Mnamo mwaka 2000, Gemma alipewa tuzo ya Sapphire Paul Harris Fellow na Rotary International.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.stvincents.nsw.edu.au/community/ex-students/inspiring-alumni/olivia-gall-3/|title=Gemma Sisia - The School of St Jude » St Vincent's College|website=www.stvincents.nsw.edu.au|access-date=2016-10-18|accessdate=2019-08-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219105817/http://www.stvincents.nsw.edu.au/community/ex-students/inspiring-alumni/olivia-gall-3|archivedate=2019-02-19}}</ref> Autobiografia ya Gemma, '' St Jude's '', ilichapishwa na Pan Macmillan Australia mnamo 2007 na ilibaki kwenye orodha ya mauzo bora kwa zaidi ya miezi miwili. Pia mnamo mwaka 2007, mafanikio ya Gemma yalitunukiwa kwa Agizo la medali ya Australia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://catholicleader.com.au/analysis/how-this-country-girl-and-st-jude-is-changing-the-lives-of-tanzanias-poorest-children|title=How this country girl and St Jude are changing the lives of Tanzania’s poorest children {{!}} The Catholic Leader|website=catholicleader.com.au|access-date=2016-10-19}}</ref> Hadithi ya Gemma imeonyeshwa mara mbili katika programu ya maandishi ya runinga ya ABC '' Hadithi ya Australia '' mwaka 2005 na 2009. Mnamo mwaka 2012, Gemma alitajwa katika bodi ya Mapitio ya Fedha ya Australia ''The Australian Financial Review'' na Westpac's 100 Women of Influence kama mmoja wa na Wanawake 100 wenye ushawishi mkubwa ulimwenguni. Alishinda pia katika shindano la muaustralia wa mwaka huko New South Wales. == Shule ya St.Jude == Januari 2002, Sisia alianzisha Shule ya St Jude huko [[Arusha (mji)|Arusha]], Tanzania, kwa msaada wa uchangishaji wa fedha kutoka Australia<ref name=":2" />. Shule hiyo ilianza na [[mwalimu]] mmoja wa kujitolea na wanafunzi watatu. Hivi leo, shule inatoa elimu bure kwa zaidi ya wanafunzi 1,800 katika ngazi za elimu ya msingi na sekondari<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.readmeblogsite.net/2015/03/12/interview-gemma-sisia-author-st-judes-macmillan/|title=Interview with Gemma Sisia of 'St Jude's'|date=2015-03-12|website=Read Me|access-date=2016-05-11|accessdate=2019-08-27|archivedate=2019-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827083245/http://www.readmeblogsite.net/2015/03/12/interview-gemma-sisia-author-st-judes-macmillan/}}</ref>. Shule hupokea maombi ya wanafunzi kutoka mikoa mitatu ya Tanzania na inaajiri wafanyakazi zaidi ya 350 katika kampasi tatu, ambapo asilimia 99 yao ni Watanzania. Shule pia ilianzisha program maalumu kwa ajili ya wanafunzi wanaohitimu kidato cha sita, programu hiyo ilianza rasmi mwaka 2015 baada ya wahitimu wa kwanza kumaliza masomo ya sekondari. Kabla ya kuendelea na masomo ya chuo kikuu, wanafunzi hao hushiriki kwa hiari katika huduma ya kujitolea, mara nyingi kwa kufundisha katika shule za uma.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/News/Fresh-graduates-boost-science-teaching-in-Arusha/1840340-4800006-ebue4q/index.html'|date=2018-10-10|title='Fresh graduates boost science teaching in Arusha'|access-date=2019-02-22|accessdate=2021-12-26|archivedate=2019-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827083241/https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/News/Fresh-graduates-boost-science-teaching-in-Arusha/1840340-4800006-ebue4q/index.html%27}}</ref> Kila mwaka, Sisia hurudi Australia kwa [[ziara]] ya kuchangisha fedha ili kusaidia shule hiyo. Mara nyingi huambatana na wahitimu wa shule hiyo wanaoshiriki uzoefu wao na athari ambayo shule imekuwa nayo katika maisha yao. Matukio hayo, yanayofanyika katika miji mbalimbali nchini Australia, yanajumuisha hotuba za hadhara, chakula cha hisani, na mipango ya kijamii. Shughuli hizi zinalenga kukusanya fedha kwa ajili ya uendeshaji wa shule na kuunga mkono programu zake za elimu.<ref>https://9now.nine.com.au/60-minutes</ref> == Tuzo na Utambuzi == Sisia amepata kutambuliwa kimataifa kwa kazi yake kupitia tuzo mbalimbali na uangalizi wa vyombo vya habari. Mwaka [[2007]], alitunukiwa Medali ya Agizo la Australia (Order of Australia Medal – OAM). Hadithi yake imeonyeshwa mara mbili katika kipindi cha waraka cha televisheni cha ABC, ''Australian Story'' mara ya kwanza mwaka [[2005]] na tena mwaka [[2009]].<ref>https://www.abc.net.au/news/programs/austory</ref> Mwaka [[2016]] aliangaziwa katika kipindi cha ''60 Minutes'' cha mtandao wa Nine Network. Mwaka 2012, alitajwa kuwa mmoja wa wanawake 100 wenye ushawishi (''100 Women of Influence'') na ''The Australian Financial Review'' kwa ushirikiano na Westpac, akiteuliwa katika kundi la kimataifa. Mwaka huo huo, alikuwa miongoni mwa walioteuliwa kama washindani wa tuzo ya ''Australian of the Year'' ya jimbo la New South Wales. Pia alitunukiwa tuzo ya heshima ya '''Sapphire Paul Harris Fellow''' na Rotary International mwaka 2000 na tena mwaka 2019. Heshima hii hutolewa kwa watu waliotoa mchango wa kipekee kwa jamii zao na katika juhudi za kibinadamu za Rotary. Aidha, Sisia ni mwandishi wa kitabu ''St Jude’s'' ([[2007]]), kumbukumbu ya maisha yake na kuanzishwa kwa shule hiyo. Toleo lililosasishwa la historia ya shule, lenye kichwa ''The School That Hope Built'', lilichapishwa baadaye mwaka 2023 na kuandikwa na aliyekuwa mfanyakazi wa shule hiyo, Madeleine Kelly.<ref>https://www.smh.com.au/world/north-america/he-was-out-hunting-police-arrest-potential-serial-killer-amid-string-of-fatal-shootings-20221016-p5bq79.html</ref> == Maisha ya Sasa == Sisia ana watoto wanne na ameishi nchini Tanzania kwa zaidi ya miaka 25. Mbali na kazi yake katika Shule ya St Jude, yeye na mume wake wanaendesha kampuni ya safari za kitalii nchini Tanzania. Anaendelea kushiriki kikamilifu katika shughuli za kila siku za uendeshaji wa shule, akisimamia ukuaji wake na kuendelea kuwa mtetezi mashuhuri wa elimu. Mara kwa mara hutoa hotuba katika mikutano na majukwaa ya kimataifa, akisisitiza jukumu muhimu la elimu kama nyenzo ya kupambana na umaskini. == Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971|}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sisia, Gemma}} [[Category:Wanawake wa Australia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1971]] dzpilj8mascfrg5mqpwlzb9em7gpi9b 3 118680 1612515 1603712 2026-11-02T07:58:33Z MediaWiki message delivery 17311 /* Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2026 Newsletter */ mjadala mpya 1612515 wikitext text/x-wiki {{karibu}} ==Tangazo== Habari ndugu Mwanawikipedia!<br><br>Mimi ni mwezeshaji wa mradi uitwao [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo Wa Kimataifa Wa Mwenendo Na Maadili]. Ni mradi mchanga/mpya ambao Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation linanuia kuuanzisha endapo wadau wataona ni mradi unaofaa. Nakukaribisha usome mwongozo huo na kisha utoe maoni yako kwa kujibu maswali yote au baadhi yake kwa yale utakayopenda kuyatolea maoni [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation HAPA]<br><br>'''<big>Taarifa zaidi kuhusu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Nidhamu na Mwenendo</big>'''<br><br> Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation lina mpango wa kuanzisha [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo Wa Kimataifa Wa Mwenendo Na Maadili]. Lengo la mwongozo huo ni kujaribu kuainisha vitu vya msingi vinavyopatikana katika miongozo midogo midogo iliyopo tayari katika kila jamii husika (mfano Jumuiya yetu hii ya wahariri wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili). Lengo hasa la mwongozo huu ni kutengeneza mazingira ambayo wanawikipedia wote duniani watakuwa na uelewa wa pamoja juu ya vitu vya msingi kuhusu nini kinakubalika na kipi hakikubaliki wakati wa uchangiaji (uhariri) wa Wikipedia na pale wanawikipedia wanapowasiliana kwenye Wikipedia au ana kwa ana katika warsha na mikutano ya Wanawikipedia. Wazo hilo limekuja baada kukithiri kwa baadhi ya Wanawikimedia kukumbana kufanyiwa unyanyasaji wa kitabia (mfano matusi, kuitana majina yasiyofaa, kutishiana n.k) na Wanawikimedia wenzao, hivyo kuwakatisha tamaa ya kuendelea kuchangia katika miradi ya Wikimedia.Hivyo, wewe kama mdau muhimu katika miradi ya Wikimedia Foundation, unakaribishwa ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct) soma zaidi kuhusu mwongozo huo Hapa]na baada ya kuusoma mwongozo huo unaweza ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation toa maoni yako Hapa kabla ya tar 15 April 2020.]<br><br>'''<big>Mwaliko wa kujiunga na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia</big>''' <br><br> Nakukaribisha ujiunge na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia kutoka Dar es Salaam ili tuweze kujadiliana na kubadilishana uzoefu na mambo kadha wa kadha kuhusu Uhariri wa Wikipedia. Iwapo utapenda kujiunga, usisite kuwasiliana nasi kupitia '''wikitzagroup@gmail.com''', na kwa taarifa zaidi kuhusu kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia wa hapa Dar es Salaam na Tanzania kwa ujumla na miradi waliyoitekeleza tayari, unaweza tembelea hapa ukurasa wao wa meta uitwao [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Community_User_Group_Tanzania Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania] au pia katika Facebook kwa jila la [https://www.facebook.com/Wikimediatz/ Wikimedia Tanzania].<br><br> Ndimi '''[[Mtumiaji:AMtavangu (WMF)|AMtavangu (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AMtavangu (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 19:46, 5 Aprili 2020 (UTC) == Mwaliko wa kutoa maoni yako kuhusu ''Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu'' == Habari ndugu Mwanawikipedia!<br><br>[[User:AMtavangu (WMF)|Mimi]] ni mwezeshaji wa mradi uitwao [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili]. Ni mradi mchanga/mpya ambao Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation linanuia kuuanzisha endapo wadau wataona ni mradi unaofaa na kuunga mkono wazo hilo. Nakukaribisha usome mwongozo huo na kisha utoe maoni yako kwa kujibu maswali yote au baadhi yake kwa yale utakayopenda kuyatolea maoni [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation ''HAPA'']<br><br>'''<big>Taarifa zaidi kuhusu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Nidhamu na Mwenendo</big>'''<br><br> Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation lina mpango wa kuanzisha [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili]. Lengo la mwongozo huo ni kujaribu kuoanisha vitu vya msingi vya kimwongozo vinavyopatikana katika miongozo midogo midogo iliyopo tayari katika kila jamii husika (mfano katika Jumuiya yetu hii ya wahariri wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili). Lengo hasa la mwongozo huu ni kujaribu kutengeneza mazingira ambayo wanawikipedia wote duniani watakuwa na uelewa wa pamoja juu ya vitu vya msingi kuhusu nini kinakubalika na kipi hakikubaliki wakati wa uchangiaji (uhariri) au utumiaji wa Wikipedia, na pia pale wanawikipedia wanapowasiliana ndani ya tovuti ya Wikipedia yenyewe au wanapokutana ana kwa ana katika warsha na mikutano mbalimbali ya Wanawikipedia. Wazo hilo limekuja baada kutokea kwa baadhi ya matukio kwa baadhi ya Wanawikimedia anbapo katika tafiti iliyofanywa mwaka 2015 , ilionekana baadhi ya Wanawikimedia walikuwa wakikumbana na unyanyasaji wa kitabia (mfano matusi, kuitana majina yasiyofaa, kutishiana n.k) na Wanawikimedia wenzao, hivyo kuwakatisha tamaa ya kuendelea kuchangia katika miradi ya Wikimedia.Wewe kama mdau muhimu katika miradi ya Wikimedia Foundation, unakaribishwa ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct) soma zaidi kuhusu mwongozo huo]na unaweza ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation toa maoni yako Hapa kabla ya tar 29th April 2020.]<br><br>'''<big>Mwaliko wa kujiunga na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia</big>''' <br><br> Nakukaribisha ujiunge na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia kutoka Tanzania (Dar es Salaam) ili tuweze kujadiliana na kubadilishana mawazo, uzoefu na mambo kadha wa kadha kuhusu Uhariri wa Wikipedia na miradi mingine yake ya Wikimedia Foundation. Iwapo utapenda kujiunga, usisite kuwasiliana nasi kupitia '''wikitzagroup@gmail.com''', na kwa taarifa zaidi kuhusu kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia wa hapa Dar es Salaam na Tanzania kwa ujumla kuhusu miradi waliyoifanya tayari, unaweza tembelea hapa ukurasa wao wa meta uitwao [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Community_User_Group_Tanzania Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania] au pia katika Facebook kwa jila la [https://www.facebook.com/Wikimediatz/ Wikimedia Tanzania].<br><br> Ndimi [[User:AMtavangu (WMF)|Mtavangu]]19:09, 18 Aprili 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:AMtavangu (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:AMtavangu_(WMF)/Massmessaging_test&oldid=19994514 --> ==Makala ya Muungano, herufi kubwa== Asante kwa mchango wako. Tafadhali usitumia tene HERUFI KUBWA, hazipendezi na hazitakiwi katika fomati yetu (isipokuwa vifupisho kama [[TUKI]], [[NATO]], [[UM]]). Asante. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:36, 30 Mei 2020 (UTC) == Masahihisho ya ukurasa wa mtumiaji == Tafadhali weka vyanzo kwenye kipengere cha '''tuzo''' kwenye makala yako. ==Jamii na interwiki== Asante kwa michango, lakini umesahau interwiki ([[Msaada:Interwiki]]) na jamii ulizotumia hazisaidii. Ukiandika chini ya makala '''Jamii:Wanawake wa Aisilandi''' (katika mabano mraba yaani '''<nowiki>[[Jamii:Wanawake wa Aisilandi]]</nowiki>''') afadhali; vizuri zaidi ingekuwa '''<nowiki>[[Jamii:Wanamuziki wanawake wa Aisilandi]]</nowiki>'''. Baada ya kuhifadhi makala ungeona jamii hizo kwa rangi nyekundu maana hazikuunganishwa bado katika mfumo wa jamii. Hapa uatendelea katika hatua ya pili ambayo ni kuunganisha na jamii mbili za juu: fungua jamii uliyounda, mfano '''Jamii:Wanawake wa Aisilandi''' na ndani yake unaandika ''' <nowiki>[[Jamii:Watu wa Iceland]]</nowiki>''' <small>(maana inaonekana tumetumia tahajia zote mbili)</small> halafu pia ''' <nowiki>[[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ulaya]]</nowiki>'''. Kama umetumia '''<nowiki>[[Jamii:Wanamuziki wanawake wa Aisilandi]]</nowiki>''' utahitaji kuunganisha na: * '''<nowiki>[[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Aisilandi]]</nowiki>''', inayohitaji kuunganishwa tena na ''' <nowiki>[[Jamii:Watu wa Iceland]]</nowiki>''' na pia *'''<nowiki>[[Jamii:Wanamuziki nchi kwa nchi]]</nowiki>''' Baada ya hatua hizo umekamilisha makala. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 29 Machi 2021 (UTC) ::Naona bado hatujaelewana. Ni vizuri kwamba umempanga '''Jamii:Wanamuziki wanawake wa Aisilandi'''. Hii ya "Watu wa Iceland" inawezekana, ingawa kwa nchi yenye makala mengi ya watu haisaidii sana maana utapata mwishono orodha ndefu sana ya majina; ingetosha kuweka '''Jamii:Watu wa Iceland''' ndani ya '''Jamii:Wanamuziki wanawake wa Aisilandi'''. Ingawa ningependelea upange Jamii:Wanamuziki wanawake wa Aisilandi katika jamii mpya "Wanamuziki ya Aisilandi" na hiyo ndani ya zote mbili "Watu wa Iceland" na pia "Wanamuziki nchi kwa nchi". Kama hujaelewa, tafadhali uniulize. ::Pia naona hujaunganisha bado na interwiki. Nimekupa pale juu ukurasa wa [[msaada:Interwiki]], tafadhali ufuate hatua zinazotajwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 12:51, 29 Machi 2021 (UTC) :::Ndugu, naona unajitahidi kuandika vizuri. Ila suala la jamii linakusumbua bado. Ukianzisha jamii ya wanamuziki wanawake, hiyo ni ndani ya jamii za wanamuziki na za wanawake, si kinyume! Yaani wewe unaweka jamii ya wanamuziki (wa jinsia zote) ndani ya ile ya wanamuziki wanawake... Kwa mfano, Wagogo ni Watanzania, lakini si Watanzania wote ni Wagogo! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:43, 31 Machi 2021 (UTC) ==Hongera== Napenda kukupongeza kwa juhudi zako katika Wikipedia. Endelea kuangalia kama pengine ninarekebisha michango yako ili uzidi kukomaa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:29, 16 Aprili 2021 (UTC) :Asante, nakupongeza pia kwa ujuzi ulionao. Nafuatilia marekebisho yako na ubarikiwe kwa kazi unayoifanya. Amani iwe kwako pia! -- '''[[Mtumiaji:Rwebogora|Rwebogora]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rwebogora#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:50, 16 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==Miji ya Uganda== Nazidi kukupongeza. Tafadhali, chini ya makala za aina hii, bandika kama ifuatavyo: <nowiki>==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-jio-Uganda}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wilaya ya Amuru]] [[Jamii:Africa Wiki Challenge 2021 in Tanzania]]</nowiki> Asante sana kwa ushirikiano. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:50, 23 Julai 2021 (UTC) :Bila shaka, baadaye badilisha jina la wilaya! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:51, 23 Julai 2021 (UTC) ==Karibu tena== Tuliku"miss" sana. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:54, 24 Novemba 2021 (UTC) :Asante sana! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rwebogora|Rwebogora]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rwebogora#top|majadiliano]])''' 20:49, 24 Novemba 2021 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentythird newsletter, covering January 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 10, 11, 13, 14 and 16<!-- insert related SDGs here -->.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|19 February - User group meeting]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Meeting_minutes_20230115|15 January - User group meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Plants|Wiki Loves Plants]] (SDG 14) * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Dunedin_5|The 2023 Bug of the Year Edit-a-thon]] (SDG 14) * Past: [https://dicare.toolforge.org/lexemes/challenge.php?id=74 Lexeme challenge Urology] (SDG 3) * Past: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Veckans_tävling/Grodor_versus_ödlor|Swedish Wikipedia weekly challenge - Frogs versus lizards]] (SDG 14) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December_2022/Contents/New_Zealand_report#Three_hundred_episodes_of_Critter_of_the_Week|Three hundred episodes of Critter of the Week]] (SDG 14) * Past: [https://zenodo.org/record/7521891#.Y9p6MdLMKw4 Wikidata Queries around the SARS-CoV-2 virus and pandemic] (SDG 3) * Past: [[m:Women_in_Climate_Change_2022|Women in Climate Change 2022]] (SDG 5 & 13) '''News''' * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/05/the-stories-behind-the-wiki-loves-earth-2022-photos-from-turkiye/ The stories behind the Wiki Loves Earth 2022 photos from Türkiye] (SDG 14) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/01/05/announcing-our-funding-support-from-the-patient-centered-outcomes-research-institute-pcori/ Announcing our funding support from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI)] (SDG 3) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/01/04/jumping-for-science-how-wikipedia-assignments-inspire-stem-students/ Jumping for science: how Wikipedia assignments inspire STEM students] (SDG 14) * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Birds_of_NYC_Photo_Contest/Winners|Birds of NYC Photo Contest Winners announced!]] (SDG 14) * [https://anchor.fm/civichackerpodcast/episodes/Using-Wikidata-to-Connect-Constituents-With-Their-Government-e1or922 Using Wikidata to Connect Constituents With Their Government] (SDG 16) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/23/wiki-loves-earth-2022-presents-the-winners-of-the-special-nomination-human-rights-and-environment/ Wiki Loves Earth 2022 presents the winners of the special nomination “Human rights and environment”!] (SDG 10 & 14) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/19/equity-diversity-inclusion-in-affiliate-governance/ Equity, diversity & inclusion in affiliate governance] (SDG 5 & 10) '''Resources''' * [https://www.databricks.com/blog/2023/01/26/building-life-sciences-knowledge-graph-data-lake.htmlBuilding a Life Sciences Knowledge Graph with a Data Lake] (SDG 3) '''Videos''' * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HW6YxXRL18 Editor uses Wikidata to find new uses for existing drugs and speed up approval process for new treatments] (SDG 3) * [[c:File:WikiForHumanRights_Information_Session_2023.webm|WikiForHumanRights Information Session]] (SDG 10) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_birds_of_Tuvalu|List of birds of Tuvalu]] (SDG 14) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Laos|List of World Heritage Sites in Laos]] (SDG 11) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Bangladesh|List of World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh]] (SDG 11) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11429|NIP]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11402|NSR doctor ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:/Property:P11430|UniProt disease ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11446|Strazha ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11500|United States House of Representatives ID]] (SDG 16) </div> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 16:25, 1 Februari 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24426147 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentyfourth newsletter, covering February 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16<!-- insert related SDGs here -->.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|2023-03-05 User group meeting]] (SDG all) * [[m:2023-03-19 User group meeting|Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[wikimania:2023:Program/Submissions|Suggest "Environmental sustainability and climate crisis" topics for Wikimania]] (SDG all) * Ongoing: [[m:Africa_Environment|Africa Environment WikiFocus]] (SDG 13) * Past: [https://www.eventbrite.com/x/edit-for-climate-change-wikipedia-editathon-registration-526291811977 Edit for Climate Change: Wikipedia Editathon] (SDG 13) * Past: WikiForHumanRights 2023 Campaign: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|Capacity Building Sessions on "Tools for Finding the Right Articles" and "Building Article List with Petscan"]] (SDG 10 & 13) * Past: WikiForHumanRights 2023 Campaign: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Resources|Regional Office Hours for Africa and Maghreb Regions]] (SDG 10 & 13) '''News''' * [https://observablehq.com/@thadk/garden NCBI breakdown of common garden foods with photographs by Phytotheca] (SDG 2) '''Resources''' * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January_2023/Contents/Sweden_report|3000 Arctic images]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January_2023/Contents/Content_Partnerships_Hub_report|SMART-Servier Medical Art upload]] (SDG 3) '''Research''' * [https://fosdem.org/2023/schedule/event/sustainability/ Open Source in Environmental Sustainability] (SDG 13) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11576|Norwegian war prisoner detention camp ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11587|Iowa legislator ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11610|National Grid Balancing Mechanism unit ID]] (SDG 7) '''Wikidata query examples''' * [https://w.wiki/5Vu8 Map of disasters by type] (SDG 11) '''Featured articles''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:South_Asian_river_dolphin|South Asian river dolphin]] (SDG 14) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Sri_Lanka|List of World Heritage Sites in Sri Lanka]] (SDG 11) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_lamiid_families|List of lamiid families]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> File:%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96.jpg|Three horses (SDG 15) File:Hunter_baby_chameleon.jpg|Hunter baby chameleon (SDG 15) File:Rice_paper_butterfly_%2816709%29.jpg|Rice paper butterfly (SDG 15) File:Lasiocampa_quercus_4th_instar_caterpillar_Keila_%28top_view%29.jpg|Lasiocampa quercus 4th instar caterpillar Keila (top view) (SDG 15) File:Lasiocampa_quercus_4th_instar_caterpillar_Keila_%28side_view%29.jpg|Lasiocampa quercus 4th instar caterpillar Keila (side view).jpg (SDG 15) File:Mockingbird_on_the_North_Lake_Trail_%2836851%29.jpg|Mockingbird on the North Lake Trail (SDG 15) File:Striated_Pardalote_0012.jpg|Striated Pardalote (SDG 15) File:Kleines_Wiesenv%C3%B6gelchen_am_Morgen.jpg|Wiesenvögelchen (SDG 15) File:Immature_herring_gull_%2816259%29.jpg|Herring gull (SDG 15) File:Northern_shoveler_male_in_Marine_Park_%2833296%29.jpg|Northern shoveler (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 18:57, 1 Machi 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24647320 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentyfifth newsletter, covering March 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 10, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|User group meeting 2023-04-02]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Meeting_minutes_20230305|User group meeting 2023-03-05]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/30/join-the-wikiforhumanrights-campaign-and-contribute-knowledge-that-connects-human-rights-with-solutions-for-a-sustainable-future/ WikiForHumanRights] (SDG 10 & 13) * Upcoming: April 19 - [[m:Translat-a-thon/NYC/2023|LaGuardia Community College Earth Day Translatathon with Casa de las Américas NYC]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: April 22 - [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Earth_Day_2023_Bushwick|Earth Day 2023 Edit-a-thon Environment of Brooklyn Focus with Sure We Can]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: April 23 - [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Earth_Day_Wiknic|Earth Day Wiknic NYC]] (SDG 13) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/WMF_GLAM_report|Gender and culture related event to test image suggestions on Wikipedia]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[m:Feminism_and_Folklore_2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[m:Edit_a_thon/artfeminism-edit-a-thon-for-nigerian-female-artists-2023|Art+Feminism edit-a-thon for Nigerian female artists]] (SDG 5) '''News''' * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/03/08/putting-our-energy-into-wikipedia-as-climate-action/ Putting our energy into Wikipedia as climate action] (SDG 13) * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/07/how-artfeminism-is-using-wikipedia-to-promote-equity-in-the-art-world/ How Art+Feminism is using Wikipedia to promote equity in the art world] (SDG 5) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/New_Zealand_report|Biodiversity Heritage Library and Wikidata]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/USA_report|Black history month and more]] (SDG 10) * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/14/women-do-news-tackling-the-gender-divide-in-journalism-through-wikipedia/ Women Do News: Tackling the Gender Divide in Journalism Through Wikipedia] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/17/wiki-loves-earth-2023-is-starting/ Wiki Loves Earth 2023 is starting!] (SDG 15) * [https://medium.com/@openheritagefoundation/the-quest-to-close-the-gender-gap-on-wikipedia-continues-five-year-anniversary-with-feminism-ebd7a3b3185e The Quest to Close the Gender Gap on Wikipedia Continues; Five-Year Anniversary with Feminism & Folklore] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/28/wikigap-malaysia-2023-empowering-women-in-indigenous-languages/ WikiGap Malaysia 2023: Empowering women in indigenous languages] (SDG 5) * [https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/climate-crisis/wikipedia-has-a-climatetech-problem Wikipedia has a climatetech problem] (SDG 13) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11623|NCI Drug Dictionary ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11649|Malaysia Federal Legislation act ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11650|Moscow University Herbarium ID]] (SDG 15) * [[d:Property:P11666|Norwegian Petroleum Directorate field ID]] (SDG 13) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_Saxifragales_families|List of Saxifragales families]] (SDG 15) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:Red-throated_wryneck|Red-throated wryneck]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> Ourapteryx_yerburii_ssp._specimens_and_male_genitalia.jpg|Ourapteryx yerburii ssp. specimens and male genitalia (SDG 15) Pterophorus_pentadactyla_-_Keila.jpg|Pterophorus pentadactyla (SDG 15) Wood_duck_drake_%2886815%29.jpg|Wood duck drake (SDG 15) Cardinal_%2886755%29.jpg|Cardinal (SDG 15) Bunten_Kronwicke_%28Securigera_varia%29_Bl%C3%BCte-20200626-RM-173640.jpg|Bunten Kronwicke (Securigera varia) (SDG 15) Neubrunn_Steinbruch_Blutrote_Heidelibelle_%28Sympetrum_sanguineum%29_8262082.jpg|Sympetrum sanguineum (SDG 15) Boerenkrokus_%28Crocus_tommasinianus%29_28-02-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Crocus tommasinianus (SDG 15) Papaya_-_longitudinal_section_close-up_view.jpg|Papaya - longitudinal section close-up view (SDG 15) Aphantopus_hyperantus_-_Keila.jpg|Aphantopus hyperantus (SDG 15) Australian_Zebra_Finch_0A2A3013.jpg|Australian Zebra Finch (SDG 15) Melospiza_melodia_JRVdH_03.jpg|Melospiza melodia (SDG 15) Roadside_hawk_%28Rupornis_magnirostris_griseocauda%29_eating_speckled_racer_%28Drymobius_margaritiferus%29_Orange_Walk.jpg|Roadside hawk (Rupornis magnirostris griseocauda) eating speckled racer (Drymobius margaritiferus) (SDG 15) Black_iguana_%28Ctenosaura_similis%29_Cayo.jpg|Black iguana (Ctenosaura similis) (SDG 15) Cerastis_rubricosa_caterpillar_%28side_view%29_-_Keila.jpg|Cerastis rubricosa caterpillar (side view) (SDG 15) Cerastis_rubricosa_caterpillar_%28dorsal_view%29_-_Keila.jpg|Cerastis rubricosa caterpillar (dorsal view) (SDG 15) Fr%C3%BChlings-Knotenblume_%28Leucojum_vernum%29-20230220-RM-161056.jpg|Frühlings-Knotenblume (Leucojum vernum) (SDG 15) Ocellated_turkey_%28Meleagris_ocellata%29_male_Peten.jpg|Ocellated turkey (Meleagris ocellata) male (SDG 15) Geoffroy%27s_spider_monkey_%28Ateles_geoffroyi_yucatanensis%29_Peten_2.jpg|Geoffroy's spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi yucatanensis) (SDG 15) Bessen_van_een_Ophiopogon_planiscapus_%27Niger%27._28-02-2023._%28d.j.b%29.jpg|Ophiopogon planiscapus (SDG 15) Protaetic_cuprea_ignicollis_2023-03-22_IZE-066.jpg|Protaetic cuprea ignicollis (SDG 15) Monarch_butterflies_%28Danaus_plexippus_plexippus%29_Piedra_Herrada_2.jpg|Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus plexippus) (SDG 15) Cepaea_nemoralis_Paarung-20230314-RM-110511.jpg|Cepaea nemoralis (SDG 15) Wiesen_Pippau_%28Crepis_biennis%29-20220624-RM-123950.jpg|Crepis biennis (SDG 15) Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus) on foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) Cayo.jpg|Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus) on foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) (SDG 15) Trifolium_spadiceum_-_Niitv%C3%A4lja.jpg|Trifolium spadiceum (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 07:42, 1 Aprili 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24816279 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-sixth newsletter, covering April 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 2, 4, 5, 6, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting 2023-05-07]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20230402|User group meeting 2023-04-02]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Join_the_Challenge|WikiForHumanRights 2023 International Writing Contest]] (SDG 13, 14, 6) * Ongoing: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Join_Community_Events|WikiForHumanRights 2023 local community events]] (SDG 13, 15, 14, 6) * Ongoing: [[m:Wiki_Climate_Campus_Tour_Nigeria|WikiCampusTourNigeria Project]] (SDG 6, 13, 14, 15) * Upcoming (and past): [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Skrivstuga/Kvinnor,_arkitektur_och_design|Women, architecture and design]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Albania_report|WikiGap Tirana 2023, Albania]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Brazil_report|BBC 100 women editathon]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Kosovo_report|WikiGAP in Prishtina]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Switzerland_report|15 Days of French women writers]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/DC/TSU_USF_Women%27s_History_Month_Wikipedia_Edit-a-thon|TSU USF Women's History Month Wikipedia Edit-a-thon]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[w:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject_Smithsonian_AWHI/Meetup/Crafting_a_Better_Wikipedia:_Women_of_Color_in_the_Renwick_Gallery|Crafting a Better Wikipedia: Women of Color in the Renwick Gallery]] (SDG 5) '''News''' * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/07/tuswug-s2e2-women-in-wiki/ TUSWUG S2E2: Women in Wiki] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/13/inaugural-edition-of-the-organizer-lab-awards-6-community-grants/ Inaugural edition of the organizer lab awards – 6 community grants] (SDG 5 & SDG 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/03/29/bolstering-womens-voices-and-histories-on-wikipedia/ Bolstering women’s voices and histories on Wikipedia] (SDG 5) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Brazil_report|A huge upload for biologists]] (SDG 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycPPBhuQPhs&ab_channel=WikimediaFoundation WikiForHumanRights 2023 Launch Webinar] (SDG 13, 14, 6) * [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|WikiForHumanRights 2023 and WMF Human Rights Team Online Safety Capacity Building for Organizers]] (SDG 13) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLBSSlrI2vo WikiForHummanRights 2023 and Let's Connect Capacity building on good practices for retention] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/20/living-through-a-triple-planetary-emergency-capturing-the-most-impactful-knowledge-to-weather-the-storm/ Living through a Triple Planetary Emergency: Capturing the Most Impactful Knowledge to Weather the Storm] (SDG 10 & SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/20/wikimedia-foundation-environmental-sustainability-report-for-2022/ Wikimedia Foundation Environmental Sustainability Report for 2022] (SDG 13) * [[:File:Wikimedia_h%C3%A5llbarhetsrapport_2022.pdf|Wikimedia Sverige sustainability report 2022]] (in Swedish) (SDG 13) '''Research''' * [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12964 Hypotheses in urban ecology: building a common knowledge base] (SDG 15) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11698|student retention rate]] (SDG 4) * [[d:Property:P11704|INEP ID]] (SDG 4) [51] * [[d:Property:P11729|Kulturenvanteri.com ID]] (SDG 11) * [[d:Property:P11747|holds diplomatic passport of]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11741|SINTA affiliation ID]] (SDG 4) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_afrosoricids|List of afrosoricids]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> Scarlet_macaw_%28Ara_macao_cyanopterus%29_Copan.jpg|Ara macao cyanopterus (SDG 15) Leptura_quadrifasciata_female_-_Keila.jpg|Leptura quadrifasciata (SDG 15) Bursa_lamarckii_01.jpg|Bursa lamarckii (SDG 15) Scarlet_macaw_%28Ara_macao_cyanopterus%29_head_Copan.jpg|Ara macao cyanopterus (SDG 15) Western_Bowerbird_0A2A0436.jpg|Chlamydera guttata (SDG 15) White-breasted_nuthatch_%2826471%29.jpg|Sitta carolinensis (SDG 15) Patzmannsdorf_-_K%C3%BCrbisfeld_mit_Pfarrkirche_und_Raiffeisen-Silo_in_Stronsdorf.jpg|Pumpkin field (SDG 2) Cinnamon-bellied_flowerpiercer_%28Diglossa_baritula%29_male_on_Indian_shot_%28Canna_indica%29_Finca_El_Pilar.jpg|Diglossa baritula & Canna indica (SDG 15) Knoppen_van_een_esdoorn_%28Acer_platanoides%29._03-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Acer platanoides (SDG 15) Cinnamon_hummingbird_%28Amazilia_rutila%29_in_flight_Los_Tarrales.jpg|Amazilia rutila (SDG 15) Passion_fruits_-_whole_and_halved.jpg|Passiflora edulis (SDG 15) Golden-fronted_%28Velasquez%27s%29_woodpecker_%28Melanerpes_aurifrons%29_male_Copan.jpg|Melanerpes aurifrons (SDG 15) Argiope_spider_female_adult_on_her_web_dorsal_view_black_background_Don_Det_Laos.jpg|Argiope versicolor (SDG 15) Daslook._Allium_ursinum%2C_zwellende_bloemknop._18-04-2022_%28actm.%29_04.jpg|Allium ursinum (SDG 15) Fallen_leaf_of_Platanus_x_hispanica_%281%29.jpg|Platanus x hispanica (SDG 15) Thymelicus_lineola_underside_-_Keila.jpg|Thymelicus lineola (SDG 15) Japanse_esdoorn_%28Acer_palmatum%29_03-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Acer palmatum (SDG 15) [38] Common_kestrel_%28Falco_tinnunculus%29_female_%28IMGP1648r2-DNA%29.jpg|Falco tinnunculus (SDG 15) [39] California_sea_lion_nap_time_in_La_Jolla_%2870474%29.jpg|Zalophus californianus (SDG 15) [40] Bladknop_van_een_esdoorn_%28Acer%29._13-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29_01.jpg|Acer pseudoplatanus (SDG 15) Tamarind_fruits_%28Tamarindus_indica_%27Si_Thong%27%29.jpg|Tamarindus indica (SDG 15) White_leucistic_squirrel_with_a_peanut_%2885668%29.jpg|Sciurus carolinensis (SDG 15) [43] Fork-tailed_flycatcher_%28Tyrannus_savana_monachus%29_in_flight_Cayo.jpg|Tyrannus savana monachus (SDG 15) Rapa_incurva_01.jpg|Rapa incurva (SDG 15) Arboreal_stingless_bee_nest_%28Trigona_sp.%29_Flores.jpg|Trigona sp. (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 19:31, 2 Mei 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24969562 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-seventh newsletter, a sort of year-in-review for 2023.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> Dear Wikimedians for Sustainable Development, As we bid farewell to 2023, we reflect on a year that has been an uneven year for our user group. While the journey has been marked by some truly inspiring events, most of our efforts have been largely uncoordinated and the user group hasn't been the support it could have been. Yet, there's a glimmer of hope and a world of potential for 2024. '''Highlights of 2023:''' ;Newsletters Galore: We kicked off the year with zeal, sharing updates and inspiration through four newsletters. The number of things happening in the movement is astounding, but we need to rethink the format of the newsletter going into the next year. ;Growing Strong: The Wikimedians for Sustainable Development family welcomed 33 new members in 2023. Your passion and dedication continue to inspire us, and we look forward to nurturing this community spirit in the year ahead. ;Wikimania Talks: Our voices echoed far and wide at Wikimania, where several members of our community took the virtual stage to share insights and ideas about everything from Wikipedians-in-Residence's to open data. Your contributions showcased our commitment to sustainable development on a global scale. ;Content Creation Magic: Throughout the year, our extended community demonstrated incredible dedication to expanding the knowledge base on Wikipedia. Countless hours were spent creating and curating content that aligns with our mission, contributing to a more sustainable digital ecosystem. ;Campaigning hard: We saw a large variety of campaigns, from writing challenges to editathons. The willingness to experiment with new formats and partners, as well as learning from past efforts, shows great promise for the future. '''Acknowledging Challenges:''' While we celebrate these achievements, we acknowledge that 2023 presented its fair share of challenges. A lack of global coordination reminded us that the road to sustainable development is not always linear. However, it is precisely these challenges that fuel our determination to work together more cohesively in the coming year and proof that the user group is needed. '''Hopeful Anticipation for 2024:''' As we turn the page to 2024, let's carry forward the lessons learned and the successes celebrated. We are optimistic that, with renewed energy and a collective commitment, we will overcome obstacles and create an even more impactful and connected Wikimedians for Sustainable Development community. Here's to a year of collaboration, growth, and making a lasting impact on the world through our shared passion for sustainability. Together, we can turn challenges into opportunities and pave the way for a brighter future. Wishing you all a joyous holiday season and a Happy New Year! Warm regards, [[m:User:Ainali|User:Ainali]], [[m:User:Daniel Mietchen|User:Daniel Mietchen]] PS. We have started writing [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2023|our yearly report]], please add your activities to it. This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 17:55, 1 Januari 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=25817439 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-eighth newsletter.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * We have submitted our [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2023|2023 annual report]]. * Upcoming meeting: on [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|9 February]], we'll have a call about roles and responsibilities in the user group. This is an attempt to make more opportunities to engage more of the user groups members in its activities. If you want to help out in some way, but don't know how, this is a meeting for you to get help creating that opportunity. If you know how you would like to help, but don't know how to get started, this is also the meeting for you. ; Other news * New Wikiproject for Climate Change on Basque Wikipedia: [[:eu:Wikiproiektu:Klima aldaketa|Wikiproiektu Klima Aldaketa]] * Climate Justice, Digital Rights and Indigenous Voices international Wikimedia event in Huaraz, Peru 2024: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeDIuZQ61v35y3Q293ZV9YjNWOHsgwvq3t2XjP2cQ0OHG-EPA/viewform Engagement Survey] (closes 2 Feb) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:22, 2 Februari 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26169519 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-ninth newsletter.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * On 9 February, we had a user group meeting on roles and responsibilities ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240209|minutes]]) * Upcoming [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|user group meeting 17 March]] ; Other news * Wiki Loves Earth: Reminder that if you want to [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2024/Organise|organize a local competition]], it is time to get started. (SDG 15 and 14) * Wiki for Human Rights: Reminder that if you would like to [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|organize a local event]], there is support available. (SDG 10) * Study: [https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/650852934/Meier_Wiki_Climate.pdf Using Wikipedia Pageview Data to Investigate Public Interest in Climate Change at a Global Scale] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 10:40, 9 Machi 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26331508 --> == Can help me to make a Wikipedia? == Can help me to make the Malaysian actor P. Ramlee Wikipedia? P. Ramlee was a key figure in the Malay entertainment industry, wearing multiple hats as an actor, director, composer and singer. Ramlee acted in 66 films, directed 35, composed 250 songs and sang almost 30. Closely linked to the golden era of Malay movies in the 1950s and early ’60s, P. Ramlee was an icon in the Malay entertainment scene in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia during the height of his fame. Can see his English wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._Ramlee Or his Malay Wikipedia https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._Ramlee P. Ramlee is a legend in Malaysia, I hope you can help me to make his Wikipedia! Thank you very much👍👍 [[Maalum:Michango/2402:1980:8481:5217:10F5:AEFF:D4:CC74|2402:1980:8481:5217:10F5:AEFF:D4:CC74]] 07:15, 11 Machi 2024 (UTC) :Sorry, P. Ramlee already has Wikipedia, but can you help me add content, the existing content is too short. Thank you [[Maalum:Michango/2402:1980:8481:5217:10F5:AEFF:D4:CC74|2402:1980:8481:5217:10F5:AEFF:D4:CC74]] 07:16, 11 Machi 2024 (UTC) ::<nowiki>https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._Ramlee</nowiki> [[Maalum:Michango/2402:1980:8481:5217:10F5:AEFF:D4:CC74|2402:1980:8481:5217:10F5:AEFF:D4:CC74]] 07:17, 11 Machi 2024 (UTC) :::https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._Ramlee [[Maalum:Michango/2402:1980:8481:5217:10F5:AEFF:D4:CC74|2402:1980:8481:5217:10F5:AEFF:D4:CC74]] 07:17, 11 Machi 2024 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtieth newsletter covering March and April 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 13, 14 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * * Upcoming [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|user group meeting 19 May]] ; Other news * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2024-03-29/Recent_research#Other_recent_publications|Wikipedia Signpost highlighted five papers about climate change editing]]. (SDG 13) * On Wikidata, [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Climate_Change/Models#Emissions|a model for documenting green house gas emissions]] has been created. (SDG 13) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/EPA_Victoria_WiR_April_2024_Update An update] from the Wikipedian in Residence at the Environment Protection Authority in Victoria, Australia. * WikiAcción Perú organized a training session: "[[m:Volunteer Supporters Network/VSN Training: Climate Change Actions and Wikimedia Movement|Climate Change Actions and Wikimedia Movement]]" (SDG 13) * WikiForHumanRights organized a session: "[[m:Event:Adding Sustainability Perspectives to Wikivoyage|Adding Sustainability Perspectives to Wikivoyage]]" ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2024|Wiki Loves Earth]], the international photo contest of protected nature, starts in May. (SDG 14 & 15) * [[m:Wiki For Climate Change 2024 - Maghreb region|Wiki For Climate Change 2024 - Maghreb region]] starts in May. (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 19:17, 1 Mei 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26428292 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtyfirst newsletter, covering May 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 13, 14 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting]], 16 June * [[m:Talk:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development#Mini_report_from_the_Wikimedia_Summit_2024|Mini report from the Wikimedia Summit 2024]] * [https://wikipediapodden.se/jan-ainali-wikimedians-for-sustainable-development-wikimedia-summit-2024-265/ User group representative interviewed by Wikipediapodden] at Wikimedia Summit ([[:File:WP265 - Jan Ainali, Wikimedians for Sustainable Development, Wikimedia Summit 2024.mp3|commons]]) * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240519|Minutes from user group meeting in May]] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/05/02/reflecting-_women-for-sustainability-africa-arts-feminism-her-voice-campaign-2023/ Reflecting _Women For Sustainability Africa Arts + Feminism #Her Voice Campaign 2023] * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2024/Contents/Macedonia report|Macedonia report: Climate change and GLAM]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2024/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library April monthly highlights]] (SDG 14 & 15) * [https://www.nature.com/articles/d44148-024-00166-y WikiProject Biodiversity featured in Nature Africa] (SDG 14 & 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fFWS7hfetZk Wikimedia UK releases a video about their climate focus] (SDG 13) ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2024|Wiki Loves Earth]], the international photo contest of protected nature, continues in some countries. (SDG 14 & 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 13:18, 1 Juni 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26852366 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtysecond newsletter, covering June 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 13, 14, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Movement Charter Vote|User group vote on the adoption of the Movement Charter]] (closes 7 July 23.59 UTC) * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Upcoming user group meeting]] 21 July * User group meeting held in June - [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240616|minutes]] * The group was featured in the latest WikiAfrica Hour: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B6VI20qopk #36: Does the Wikimedia movement contribute to the SDGs?] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/06/18/stories-from-the-anti-disinformation-repository-how-wikiproject-covid-19-and-other-wikimedia-initiatives-counter-health-disinformation/ Stories from the anti-disinformation repository: How WikiProject COVID-19 and other Wikimedia initiatives counter health disinformation] (SDG 3) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/Environment_Centre_NT_Wikipedian_in_Residence Environment Centre Northern Territory Wikipedian in Residence] (SDG 15) * [https://www.gp.se/debatt/med-ai-kan-vi-oka-transparensen-om-foretagens-klimatavtryck.2dd4e006-57e3-4534-a0be-70ca56a289e4 With AI can we increase transparency of companies' carbon footprints] (in Swedish). Op-ed that mentions that the greenhouse gas emissions of the top 150 companies on the Stockholm stock exchange has been uploaded to Wikidata. The model is documented on [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Climate_Change/Models#Emissions|WikiProject Climate Change on Wikidata]]. (SDG 13) * [[wmfblog:2024/06/25/another-year-in-review-where-is-wikimedia-in-the-climate-crisis-seeing-the-impact-of-wikimedia-projects/|Another Year in Review: Where is Wikimedia in the Climate Crisis? Seeing the impact of Wikimedia Projects]] (SDG 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2024/06/24/46-scholars-self-advocates-bring-knowledge-to-wikipedias-disability-healthcare-content/ 46 scholars, self-advocates bring knowledge to Wikipedia’s disability healthcare content] (SDG 3) * [[c:File:Wikimedia klimatpåverkansrapport 2023.pdf|Wikimedia Sverige publishes their 2023 climate impact report]] (in Swedish) (SDG 13) * WikiProject Govdirectory has started [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Weekly collaboration|weekly collaboration on countries]] (SDG 16) ; Events * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/06/18/wikimedia-chapters-and-groups-organise-the-first-sharks-and-rays-wikimarathon/ Wikimedia chapters and groups organise the first Sharks and Rays Wikimarathon] (29 June, but edits in the weeks after are welcome) (SDG 14) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 09:27, 1 Julai 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27039469 --> ==Jamii mpya== Ndugu, umeanzisha jamii kwa ajili ya editathon mpya. Inahusu inclusion ya namna gani? Nachelea ni kukubali mambo yanayokataliwa na maadili ya Afrika Mashariki. Natumaini si hivyo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:39, 20 Julai 2024 (UTC) :Habari, ndiyo ni jamii mpya ila huu mradi hauendi kinyume na maadaili ya Afrika Mashariki. Huu mradi wa Wiki4Inclusion umelengwa kuwafikia watu wenye ulemavu hususani wa kusikia (Viziwi) na Wakalimani wa lugha ya alama ya Tanzania ambao ni kiunganishi chetu kwao. Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Rwebogora|Rwebogora]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rwebogora#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:09, 21 Julai 2024 (UTC) ::Asante sana kwa hilo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 21 Julai 2024 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty third newsletter, covering July 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 5, 10, 13, and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting held in July, [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240721|minutes]] * Next user group meeting will be 18 August ; Other news * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2024/Contents/Macedonia report|Climate change editahon and workshop in Macedonia]] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/16/wikiforhumanrights-in-nigeria-2024-campaign-virtual-launch/ WikiForHumanRights in Nigeria 2024 Campaign Virtual Launch] (SDG 10&16) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/16/what-we-learned-from-wiki-women-in-red-8-campaign-2023-women-for-sustainability-africa/ What we Learned from Wiki Women In Red @8 Campaign 2023 Women for Sustainability Africa] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/17/ghanaian-wikipedians-set-to-educate-students-on-open-climate/ Ghanaian Wikipedians set to educate students on Open Climate] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/23/using-wikipedia-as-a-tool-for-climate-action/ Using Wikipedia as a Tool for Climate Action] (SDG 13) ; Events * 5th August, [[m:Event:Wiki-Green_Conference_2024 Wiki-Green Conference]] (SDG 13) * 7-10 August, Wikimania - [[wikimania:2024:Program/SDG_related_sessions|All SDG related sessions]] * 7-9 November, [https://wikimedia.org.ar/2024/07/03/justicia-climatica-voces-indigenas-y-plataformas-wikimedia/ Justicia climática, voces indígenas y plataformas Wikimedia] (SDG 13) ; Participate * Share an example of a successful [[m:Campaigns/WikiProjects|WikiProject or topical collaboration]] in this on-wiki survey This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 18:57, 1 Agosti 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27042528 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDGs 5, 11, 15, and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20240915|Next user group meeting]], 15 September, will be focused on starting to develop a strategy for the group. If you cannot attend, you can leave your input on [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Strategy 2030/Ideas|the ideas page]]. * User group meeting held in August ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240818|minutes]]) ; Other news * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/New Zealand report|Report from WikiProject International Botanical Congress 2024]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/Switzerland report|Meeting for Writing on Femenist Strikes and Wiki for Peace Camp St. Imier]] (SDG 5 & 16) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]] (SDG 15) * Wikimania had a lot of [[wikimania:2024:Program/SDG_related_sessions|SDG related sessions]] and you can watch them back now ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2024|Wiki Loves Monuments]] starts in September (SDG 11) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 06:24, 2 Septemba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27262444 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - September 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240915|User group meeting held in September on strategy for the group]] ; Other news * [[m:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2024/Submissions/Building a sustainable Wikimedia movement: A contribution from the CEE region|Building a sustainable Wikimedia movement: A contribution from the CEE region]], presentation at CEE meeting. ([https://www.youtube.com/live/iB3KNFtA4xI?t=6739 YouTube]) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/09/30/all-about-wiki-green-conference-2024/ All About Wiki-Green Conference 2024] (SDG 13) ; Events * Course: [https://wikiedu.org/courses/global-approaches-to-climate-finance-4/ Global Approaches to Climate Finance] by WikiEdu (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:26, 1 Oktoba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27437535 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Upcoming meeting]], 24 November, 17.00 UTC ; Other news * Talk at WikiIndaba: [[m:WikiIndaba 2024/Proposal/Wikimedian collaboration in human knowledge: Wiki For Climate Change in the Maghreb region|Wikimedian collaboration in human knowledge: Wiki For Climate Change in the Maghreb region]] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/10/17/championing-inclusion-in-the-wikimedia-movement-africa-wiki-women-presentation-at-the-wiki-niger-conference/ Championing Inclusion in the Wikimedia Movement: Africa Wiki Women Presentation at the Wiki Niger Conference] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/10/25/mountains-birds-and-lakes-wiki-loves-earth-2024-central-asia-edition/ Mountains, Birds and Lakes: Wiki Loves Earth 2024 – Central Asia Edition] (SDG 15) ; Events * November 6, 12 and 21: [https://universityofexeter.zoom.us/meeting/register/tJAkdeqrrzMoGdEeMYlR6q0A7QMHwwwM2VIZ#/registration Climate Change & Health in the UK - Wikipedia workshop] (SDG 3 and 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:01, 1 Novemba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27587619 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 8, 12, 13, 15, 16 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting, 24 November ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20241124|minutes]]) * We are working on our [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|annual plan for 2025]], please add activities that you would like to work on. ; Other news * [[m:Event:CEE Catch up Nr. 8 (November 2024)|CEE Catch up Nr. 8 with a sustainability theme]] * [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Wikiconcurso Justiça Climática e Amazônia|Wikiconcurso Justiça Climática e Amazônia]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October_2024/Contents/New_Zealand_report#nz-edit|Report from New Zealand Species Edit-a-thons]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October_2024/Contents/Macedonia_report#vvc|Report from climate change editing workshop in Macedonia]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November_2024/Contents/Croatia_report|DeGrowth in November with students, artists and academics in Croatia]] (SDG 8&12) * The new [[mw:Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#November_2024:_Production_deployment_and_security_review_complete|Charts extension has been enabled on Wikimedia Commons]]. It's time to start bringing all your local sustainability related charts over there! (SDG 17) ; Events * Ongoing: [[m:Event:Bridging Climate Literacy Gaps through Wikimedia projects in Ogoni Land Rivers|Bridging Climate Literacy Gaps through Wikimedia projects in Ogoni Land Rivers]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:Event:Financiamiento climático en Wikipedia|Financiamiento climático en Wikipedia]] (SDG 13) * Just started: [[m:Event:African Legislators in Red|African Legislators in Red]] (SDG 16) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 19:29, 1 Desemba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27830533 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-eighth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 10, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting in December ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20241229|minutes]]) * We have adopted an [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|annual plan for 2025]]! ; Other news * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_hWBwaQxaw Lightning talk by Adam Harangzo - National Institute for Health and Care Research on Wikipedia] (SDG 3&13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/12/11/top-photos-of-the-special-nomination-human-rights-and-environment-from-wiki-loves-earth-2024%f0%9f%a4%9d/ Top photos of the special nomination “Human Rights and Environment” from Wiki Loves Earth 2024!] (SDG 10&15) * [https://www.wikimedia.nz/nz-species-editathon-recap/ Two days, 15 editors, 750 edits] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/12/28/a-peekaboo-into-our-butterflying-trip-from-the-amazon-of-the-east/ A Peekaboo Into Our Butterflying Trip from the Amazon of the East] (SDG 15) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2024/12/27/brooklyn-college-students-bring-ecology-course-content-to-wikipedia/ Brooklyn College students bring ecology course content to Wikipedia] (SDG 13&15 * [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/09636625241268890 Declaring crisis? Temporal constructions of climate change on WikipediaDeclaring crisis? Temporal constructions of climate change on Wikipedia] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 08:04, 2 Januari 2025 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27983472 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-ninth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 11, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250223|User group meeting 23 February]] * User group meeting in January ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250119|minutes]]). * The user group submitted an annual report in the new [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Affiliates Strategy/Implementation/Affiliate health criteria/Reports/2024/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|affiliate health criteria format]], and as an [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2024|activity report]]. * The [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Strategy 2030|2030 strategy]] for the user group was adopted. ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/01/06/swiss-server-helped-optimise-wikidata-in-the-field-of-medicine/ Swiss server helped optimise Wikidata in the field of medicine] (SDG 3) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/01/08/photographers-from-turkiye-tell-the-story-of-award-wining-photos-in-wiki-loves-earth-2024/ Photographers from Türkiye tell the story of award wining photos in Wiki Loves Earth 2024] (SDG 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZnAp7oovlg OpenStreetMap and Wikidata in Disaster Times - CEE Meeting 2024 Istanbul] (SDG 11) ; Events * 1-28 February: [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/5DC7IKHKGBEE5KOD4PY2XNKT55EA6LW4/|Wiki Loves Africa: Climate & Weather ISA campaign]] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 14:05, 4 Februari 2025 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28153013 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fortieth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting in February ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250223|minutes]]). ; Other news * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2025/Organise|Time to get ready to organize Wiki Loves Earth]] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/02/05/women-of-the-future-international-womens-day-2025/ ‘Women of the Future’ – International Women’s Day 2025] (SDG 5) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/02/17/the-experts-behind-the-edits-expanding-public-understanding-of-healthcare/ The Experts Behind the Edits: Expanding public understanding of healthcare] (SDG 3) * [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/ecosia-and-wikimedia-enterprise-partner/ Wikimedia Enterprise and Ecosia Partner to Drive Sustainable Search Innovation] (SDG 13) * A [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Climate Change/Policies|subproject to WikiProject Climate Change about Climate Change Policies]] has just started on Wikidata (SDG 13) ; Events * 1 March: [[m:Event:Open Data Day 2025 in Côte d'Ivoire|Open Data Day 2025 in Côte d'Ivoire]] (SDG 8) * 7 March [[m:Event:Govdirectory Collab Hour - Open Data Day 2025|Govdirectory Collab Hour - Open Data Day 2025]] (SDG 16) * 8 March–1 April: [[m:Event:Shine Her Light Writing Contest 2025|Shine Her Light Writing Contest 2025]] (SDG 5) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 07:51, 1 Machi 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28259111 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty first newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13, 15 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/03/27/organise-your-local-wiki-loves-earth-in-2025/ Organise your local Wiki Loves Earth in 2025!] (SDG 15) * [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Climate Policy Radar ID|Wikidata property proposal for the Climate Policy Radar]] (SDG 13) * [https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/handle/2077/85640/NKB_Debatt_Wikipedia.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Biologists encourage other biologists to edit Wikipedia] (in Swedish) (SDG 15) * A [[c:File:Langzeitkooperationen zwischen Museen und dem Wikipedia-Universum.pdf|presentation on long-term collaborations between museums and the Wikimedia universe]] was given on March 10 at a [https://www.kiekeberg-museum.de/fileadmin/user_upload/3_4_1_Tagungen/geplante_tagungen/Programm_Tagung_Mittwochs_ist_Museumstag_-_Langzeitkooperationen_im_Museum_10-11.3.2025_FLMK3.pdf symposium on long-term collaborations with museums in Germany](SDG 17) * A [[c:File:Gemeinsam mehr erreichen Freies Wissen als Grundlage der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wikimedia und anderen Ehrenamtsinitiativen.pdf|presentation on existing and potential collaborations between the Wikimedia community and other volunteer communities]] was given on March 29 at a [https://tdsummit.d-s-e-e.de/ national volunteering convention] in Germany (SDG 17) ; Events * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250420|Next user group meeting: 20 April]] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 09:28, 1 Aprili 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28259111 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty second newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250420|minutes]]) ; Other news * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/04/09/zombie-ants-to-bioremediation-the-world-of-entomopathogenic-fungi/ Zombie ants to bioremediation: The world of entomopathogenic fungi] (SDG 15) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/04/21/with-foundation-increases-support-to-expand-disability-healthcare-information-on-wikipedia/ WITH Foundation increases support to expand disability healthcare information on Wikipedia] (SDG 3) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/04/04/women-and-health-project-improving-the-representation-of-womens-health-on-wikipedia/ Women and Health Project: Improving the representation of women’s health on Wikipedia] (SDG 3&5) ; Events * May 19: [[m:Habilidades Digitales Verdes en Wikimedia 2025|Habilidades Digitales Verdes en Wikimedia 2025]] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 07:22, 11 Mei 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28259111 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty third newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 10, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 22 June: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting]] ; Other news * Several papers presented at WikiWorkshop: ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_24.pdf EcoWikiRS: Using Species Descriptions in Wikipedia and Remote Sensing to Learn about the Ecological Properties of a Place] (SDG 15) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_6.pdf Data Extraction Methods for Analyzing Gender Bias on Wikipedia's Front Page] (SDG 5) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_28.pdf Measuring Cross-Lingual Information Gaps in English Wikipedia: A Case Study of LGBT People Portrayals] (SDG 10) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_14.pdf Exploring Wikipedia community practices during the 2024 European Parliament election] (SDG 16) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_55.pdf Wikipedia as a Tool for Tracking Mass Migration Flows: Insights from the Russian Invasion of Ukraine] (SDG 10) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_65.pdf Regulations in Wikidata: The case of PFAS-related regulations] (SDG 3 & 16) * [https://wikipediapodden.se/minimal-viable-species-stub-315/ Podcast about the minimal viable species stub] (SDG 15) * [https://wikimedia.org.uk/2025/05/media-literacy-and-responding-to-emergencies-and-disinformation/ Wikimedia UK and the Royal Society host workshop on information literacy and future health emergencies] (SDG 3) ; Events * 16 June: [[w:en:Event:Wikimedia NYC and United Nations Wikipedia Edit-A-Thon|Wikimedia NYC and United Nations Wikipedia Edit-A-Thon]] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 09:37, 12 Juni 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28771610 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 6 July: [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250706|User group meeting]] ; Other news * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9I8Nr_UamtM Biodiversidade na Wiki] (in Portuguese) (SDG 15) * [https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ppp3.70050 The women honoured in flowering plant genera: From myth to reality] (SDG 5&15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/06/20/rethinking-wiki-engagement-in-medical-research-insights-from-a-residency-at-nihr/ Rethinking Wiki engagement in medical research: insights from a residency at NIHR] (SDG 3) ; Events * 24 July: [https://mdi.georgetown.edu/events/guwikieditathonsummer2025/ Editing for Equity: Closing the Wikipedia Gender Gap] (SDG 5) * 2 & 9 August: [https://events.humanitix.com/nz-species-editathon-wellington New Zealand Species Edit-a-thon] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 21:06, 1 Julai 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28881683 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 5, 10, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * 6 July: User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250706|minutes]]) * We are trying to establish better governance for the user group and [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Draft by-laws|have some inspiration]] on which your comments are requested. ; Other news * To promote sustainability and increase the visibility of the Sustainable Development Goals, the [[w:tr:Vikiproje:S%C3%BCrd%C3%BCr%C3%BClebilir_Kalk%C4%B1nma|"Sustainable Development Wikiproject" was launched on the Turkish Wikipedia]] * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/11/wiki-loves-butterfly-community-led-contributions-in-dzongu-valley-north-sikkim-india/ Wiki Loves Butterfly: Community-Led Contributions in Dzongu Valley, North Sikkim, India] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/12/gender-climate-and-sustainability-my-journey-with-the-awa-fellowship-2025/ Gender, Climate and Sustainability: My Journey with the AWA Fellowship 2025] (SDG 5 & 13) * [https://blog.tepapa.govt.nz/2025/07/14/the-power-and-potential-of-wikidata-for-botany/ The power and potential of Wikidata for botany] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/15/amplifying-inclusion-and-climate-justice-through-open-knowledge-my-journey-as-a-fellow-under-awa-fellowship-2025/ Amplifying Inclusion and Climate Justice Through Open Knowledge: My Journey as a Fellow under AWA Fellowship 2025] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/15/justice-through-open-knowledge-training-human-rights-advocate-to-document-human-rights-incident-with-wikipedia-and-wikimedia-commons/ Justice through Open Knowledge: Training Human Rights Advocate to Document Human Rights Incident with Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons] (SDG 10) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/16/wings-of-bengal-the-winners-of-wiki-loves-bangla-2025/ Wings of Bengal: The Winners of Wiki Loves Bangla 2025] (SDG 15) * [https://infomgnt.org/posts/2025-07-16-Connecting-Knowledge-with-Wikidata-a-practical-Project-with-the-Museum-fuer-Naturkunde-Berlin/ Connecting Knowledge with Wikidata: A Practical Project with the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/19/when-time-slows-down-documenting-butterflies-in-the-north-eastern-himalayas/ When Time Slows Down: Documenting Butterflies in the North Eastern Himalayas] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/23/wiki-loves-earth-celebrates-1000000-images-of-the-natural-heritage-worldwide/ Wiki Loves Earth celebrates 1,000,000 images of the natural heritage worldwide!] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/28/closing-content-gaps-highlights-from-my-july-as-an-awa-inclusion-and-climate-justice-fellow/ Closing Content Gaps: Highlights from my July as an AWA Inclusion and Climate Justice Fellow] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/01/thrilling-two-day-butterfly-expedition-in-central-odisha/ Thrilling Two-Day Butterfly Expedition in Central Odisha] (SDG 15) ; Events * 6-9 August: Wikimania is coming up, and you can easily [[wikimania:2025:Registration|join remotely]]. Find [[wikimania:2025:Program/SDG related sessions|all sessions related to the Sustainable Development Goals]]. This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 09:27, 2 Agosti 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28881683 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 21 September: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User Group Meeting]] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/07/when-butterflies-took-over-a-classroom/ When Butterflies Took Over a Classroom] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/13/a-walk-with-butterflies-that-healed-the-heart/ A Walk with Butterflies That Healed the Heart] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/21/wikimania-2025-information-integrity-on-climate-change-on-wikimedia-projects/ Wikimania 2025: Information Integrity on Climate Change on Wikimedia projects] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/30/botanical-perspective-of-wikitutuwuhan-project/ Botanical Perspective of WikiTutuwuhan Project] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/30/past-present-and-future-a-wikimedian-in-residence-at-the-biodiversity-heritage-library/ Past, present and future: a Wikimedian-in-Residence at the Biodiversity Heritage Library] (SDG 15) * [[wikimania:2025:Program/SDG related sessions|All SDG related sessions at Wikimania]] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 20:24, 1 Septemba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29165157 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - September 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 7 and 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250921|minutes]]) ; Other news * The OpenStreetMap community has an initiative called "[https://mapyourgrid.org/ MapYourGrid]" focused on energy infrastructure on Wikidata and Open Streetmap. (SDG 7) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/09/18/bridging-climate-science-and-the-public-how-the-austrian-climate-report-found-a-home-on-wikipedia/ Bridging Climate Science and the Public: How the Austrian Climate Report Found a Home on Wikipedia] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/09/27/microworld-a-wikimedia-fueled-microbial-exhibition-in-northern-argentina/ Microworld: a Wikimedia-fueled microbial exhibition in northern Argentina] (SDG 4) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/09/30/wiki-green-conference-2025/ Wiki-Green Conference 2025] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 20:46, 1 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29165157 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty eighth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5, 10 and 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/01/ewe-language-activists-trained-to-translate-the-sustainable-development-goals-online/ Ewe Language Activists Trained to Translate the Sustainable Development Goals Online] * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/11/how-wikimedia-commons-is-making-microbiology-open-lessons-from-wikimedistas-de-jujuy-argentina/ How Wikimedia Commons is making microbiology open: lessons from Wikimedistas de Jujuy, Argentina] (SDG 4) * The [https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Faktamall_f%C3%B6retag&diff=58499099&oldid=57412306 Swedish Wikipedia company infobox now shows carbon emissions data] retreived from Wikidata for over 200 companies. (SDG 13) ; Events * 6 November–3 December: [[m:Event:Visible Wiki Women Campaign 2025|Visible Wiki Women Campaign 2025]] (SDG 5) * 11 November: [[m:Event:First steps in Wikidata for the Wikimedia LGBT Community|First steps in Wikidata for the Wikimedia LGBT Community]] (SDG 10) * 1–30 November: [[w:id:Wikipedia:Bulan_Asia_Wikipedia_2025|Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2025]] (SDG 10) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 16:47, 3 Novemba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29554723 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty ninth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 11 December: [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20251211|User group call]] * As are ending the year and will be wrapping up on the [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|current annual plan]] we are doing a few sprints. If every member of the user group makes just one contribution, we will finish these easily and have a great resource for the entire community. Please check out these and see if you can help out: ** [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Video translation|Videos with translatable subtitles]] *** Help by identifying which videos need translation ** [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Charts coordination|Charts]] *** Help by identifying charts that should be used in SDG topics <br/> ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/11/09/wikimedia-project-from-south-america-selected-by-the-unesco-global-initiative-for-information-integrity-on-climate-change-fund/ Wikimedia Project from South America Selected by the UNESCO Global Initiative for Information Integrity on Climate Change Fund] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/11/10/northern-argentine-wikimedians-recognized-in-regional-openstreetmap-contest/ Northern Argentine Wikimedians recognized in regional OpenStreetMap Contest] (SDG 15) * [https://www.aftonbladet.se/nyheter/a/LMyQBP/ny-ai-modell-svenska-foretags-utslapp-av-koldioxid Garbo gräver fram siffror på utsläpp av koldioxid] news in Swedish about carbon emissions data being added to the company infoboxes (SDG 13) * [https://wikimedia.at/der-klimabericht-und-die-wikipedia-teil-3-wissenschaftskommunikation/ Der Klimabericht und die Wikipedia Teil 3: Wissenschaftskommunikation] (SDG 13) ; Events * [[m:SheSaid|SheSaid campaign on Wikiquote]]. From 1 September until 31 December 2025. (SDG 5) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 14:39, 1 Desemba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29620767 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fiftieth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 7, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * User group call, 11 December ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20251211|minutes]]) ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/08/wikiforhumanrights-2025-documenting-ghanas-just-energy-transition-through-the-lens/ WikiForHumanRights 2025: Documenting Ghana’s Just Energy Transition Through the Lens] (SDG 7) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November_2025/Contents/New_Zealand_report#Update_on_the_Bioeconomy_Science_Institute_Wikimedian_in_Residence|Update on the Bioeconomy Science Institute Wikimedian in Residence]] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/14/wikiforhumanrights-2025-campaign-in-ghana/ WikiForHumanRights 2025 campaign in Ghana] (SDG 7&13) * [https://wikimedia.org.uk/2025/12/topics-for-impact/ Topics for impact] by Wikimedia UK * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/22/project-gayatri-a-year-of-building-knowledge-closing-with-heart/ Project Gayatri: A Year of Building Knowledge, Closing with Heart] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 21:24, 4 Januari 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29844481 --> == The Collaboration Barnstar == {| style="border: 1px solid {{{border|gray}}}; background-color: {{{color|#ffdc42}}};" | rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" |[[Faili:Collaboration_barnstar.svg|250x250px]] | rowspan="2" | | style="font-size: x-large; padding: 0; vertical-align: middle; height: 1.1em;" |'''Appreciation for participating in an experimentation to improve a feature''' |- | style="vertical-align: middle; border-top: 1px solid gray;" |{{{2|Thank you for collaborating with the [[mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] to improve the discovery of community-nominated vital article list as [[mw:Translation suggestions: Topic-based & Community-defined lists/Featured Collection|Featured collection]] in the [[mw:Content Translation|Content translation]] workflow.  <BR><BR>}}}''{{{1|}}}'' |} '''[[Mtumiaji:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:UOzurumba (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 04:16, 13 Januari 2026 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty first newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * The [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2025|annual report for 2025]] was published. * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Next user group meeting]] is 22 February. * The drafting of the [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2026|2026 annual plan]] is under way, please help. ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/09/winning-images-of-the-special-category-human-rights-and-environment-from-wiki-loves-earth-2025%F0%9F%A4%9D/ Winning images of the special category “Human Rights and Environment” from Wiki Loves Earth 2025🤝] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 14:22, 4 Februari 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29928029 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 – Community Organisers & Jury == Hello {{PAGENAME}}!, Thank you for taking the lead in organising '''Feminism and Folklore 2026''' in your community. We truly appreciate your efforts! To ensure a smooth and successful campaign, please make sure you have: * Fully completed all details on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Feminism and Folklore 2026 Project Page]]: * Started promoting the campaign within your community. * Requested a local administrator to place a '''sitenotice''' about the campaign so users are notified. * Used the '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/fnf/ Article List Generator Tool]''' and shared the generated article lists with your community. === Internet & Childcare Support === Community organisers and jury members who require '''internet and childcare support''' (non-mandatory, opt-in, request-only support) should fill the support request form '''by 22 February 2026'''. '''[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeutXEF1yTnJfExWUYPIf6SkhcnTgul07BeI-biqT4RE_vsrA/viewform Link to the form]''' Requests submitted after this date will not be entertained. === Important Participation Guidelines === * Minimum article size: '''3000 bytes and 300 words''' (final decision may be set by local organisers). * If your country is not listed on the Article list generator tool, please contact us. === Community Engagement === * Keep your community active and motivated throughout the campaign. * Share your achievements and notable articles with us so we can highlight them globally. * In the support form, please indicate if you would like a '''quick coordination call after the campaign'''. Let’s make '''Feminism and Folklore''', under the banner of '''#WeTogether''', help bridge the '''gender gap''' and '''folklore gap''' on Wikipedia worldwide. 🌍✊ Thank you for your collaboration! ''If someone from your community organisers or jury has missed this message feel free to share this message with them.'' Feminism and Folklore International Team. –'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 05:17, 16 Februari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf26&oldid=30083330 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty second newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5, 10, 13, 15, 16 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * A proposal for a climate and sustainability meetup at Wikimania has been submitted. Keep your fingers crossed it gets accepted! ; Other news * [https://metabase.wikibase.cloud Metabase], a project to create a [[m:Movement Strategy/Initiatives/Knowledge Base|movement-wide knowledgebase for activities and initiatives]], now has the property [https://metabase.wikibase.cloud/wiki/Property:P109 relates to sustainable development goal, target or indicator] and all the Sustainable Development Goals, Targets and Indicators. This makes it possible to make sure that your projects and initiative that supports these are marked as doing so and also find previous efforts related to them. * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/11/wiki-for-botanists-why-thematic-engagement-matters/ Wiki for Botanists: Why thematic engagement matters] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/15/influence-of-seasonal-and-eco-climatic-factors-on-butterfly-diversity-insights-from-wiki-loves-butterfly/ Influence of Seasonal and Eco-climatic Factors on Butterfly Diversity: Insights from Wiki Loves Butterfly] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/15/african-women-in-climate-action-a-continued-editing-journey-through-the-edither-africa-contest-2026/ African Women in Climate Action: A Continued Editing Journey through the EditHer Africa Contest 2026] (SDG 5 & 13) ; Events * March is Women's History Month and also has the Internaltional Women's day, so there are plenty of related events. Check out [[m:Special:AllEvents|Special:AllEvents]] to find some near you. (SDG 5) * [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_India/Events/International_Mother_Language_Day_2026_Datathon|International Mother Language Day 2026 Datathon]] (SDG 4, 10 &17) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 12:13, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29928029 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty third newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * There is now a [[c:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|user box template on Wikimedia Commons]] that you can use to show that you are participant of the user group. There were already user boxes on [[m:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|Meta]], [[d:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|Wikidata]], [[w:en:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|English]] and [[w:sv:Mall:Användare Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|Swedish]] Wikipedia. If your home wiki uses user boxes but lacks one, feel free to copy any of these to it. ; Other news * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2026/03/02/the-winners-of-wiki-loves-earth-2025/ “Cinematic intensity”: The winners of Wiki Loves Earth 2025] (SDG 15) * [https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00940-y Scientists should join collaborative online editing communities for biodiversity] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 11:26, 1 Aprili 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30155800 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 2, 5, 6, 7, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/04/15/from-lens-to-knowledge-citizen-science-through-wiki-loves-butterfly/|From Lens to Knowledge: Citizen Science through Wiki Loves Butterfly]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Wikidata type specimen data model]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Macedonia report|Edit-a-thon "Women Botanists" and “Plants Around Us: Veles” workshop]] (SDG 5 & 15) ; Events * Ongoing: [[w:en:Wikipedia:100 Days 100 Edits|100 Days 100 Edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026|Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026]] (SDG 2, 6 & 7) * May 9-10: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Projekt naturgeografi/Fotosafari: Fåglar i Skåne 2026|Bird photography trip]] in south Sweden (SDG 15) * May 30: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Skrivstuga/Biologisk mångfald|Editathon about biodiversity]] in Stockholm (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 12:47, 6 Mei 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30472224 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 2, 6, 7, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/05/19/wikimedia-projects-and-the-climate-crisis-how-wiki-for-sustainable-futures-2026-is-being-built/|Wikimedia Projects and the Climate Crisis: How Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026 Is Being BuiltWikimedia Projects and the Climate Crisis: How Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026 Is Being Built]] (SDG 2 & 6 & 7 & 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2026/05/21/earth-day-every-day-preserving-biodiversity-on-wikipedia/ Earth Day, Every Day: Preserving Biodiversity on Wikipedia] (SDG 15) *[[diffblog:ar/2026/05/29/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-2026-%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a9/|Launch of the Arabic Environmental Contest 2026: an ambitious initiative to enrich environmental content]] (SDG 2 & 6 & 7) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/From_the_field_to_the_free_web From the field to the free web] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 17:47, 1 Juni 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30606764 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5 and 10.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; In the news * [[diffblog:2026/06/08/reading-wikipedia-in-the-classroom-in-wa-ghana-empowering-educators-with-media-and-information-literacy-skills/|Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom in Wa, Ghana: Empowering Educators with Media and Information Literacy Skills]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/06/12/amplifying-womens-stories-and-indigenous-knowledge-feminism-and-folklore-2026-in-the-igbo-community/|Amplifying Women’s Stories and Indigenous Knowledge: Feminism and Folklore 2026 in the Igbo Community]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/13/artfeminism-network-organizers-at-eseap-conference-2026/|Art+Feminism Network Organizers at ESEAP Conference 2026]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/14/a-reflection-on-what-i-learned-at-my-first-international-womens-day-celebration/|A Reflection on What I Learned at My First International Women’s Day Celebration]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/16/from-mentee-to-builder-my-six-months-in-the-eduwiki-hub-mentorship-program/|From Mentee to Builder: My Six Months in the EduWiki Hub Mentorship Program]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/06/16/building-skills-and-confidence-during-my-three-month-journey-through-the-on-wiki-skill-program-organized-by-africa-wiki-women/|Building Skills and Confidence During My Three-Month Journey Through the On Wiki Skill Program Organized by Africa Wiki Women]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/17/why-the-eduwiki-starter-kit-matters-for-the-future-of-education/|Why the EduWiki Starter Kit Matters for the Future of Education]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/06/17/empowering-new-editors-to-bridge-the-gender-gap-my-experience-as-a-mentor-in-the-edither-africa-april-2026-contest/|Empowering New Editors to Bridge the Gender Gap: My Experience as a Mentor in the EditHer Africa April 2026 Contest]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/18/visible-women-edit-a-thon-piloting-a-collaborative-approach-to-free-knowledge-in-hong-kong/|Visible Women Edit-a-thon: Piloting a Collaborative Approach to Free Knowledge in Hong Kong]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/23/guiding-new-voices-training-women-in-wikidata-during-the-april-edither-africa-contest/|Guiding New Voices: Training Women in Wikidata during the April EditHer Africa Contest]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/23/wikimedia-community-usergroup-botswana-in-collaboration-with-art-and-feminism-on-wikidata-mobile-training-2026/|Wikimedia Community Usergroup Botswana in collaboration with Art and Feminism on Wikidata Mobile Training 2026]] (SDG 5) ; Events * 10-18 July: [[m:Event:Wikiwomen Camp 2026|Wikiwomen Camp 2026]] (SDG 5) * 14 July [[w:de:Veranstaltung:Queers & Frauen 14.07.2026|Queers & Frauen]] (SDG 5 & 10) * 21-25 July: Wikimania is coming up and there are plenty of sessions related to sustainable development. There is now a dedicated page for those sessions at [[wikimania:2026:Program/SDG related sessions]]. * 23 July: [[m:Event:From Constitution to Community — Documenting Queer Rights Movements|From Constitution to Community — Documenting Queer Rights Movements]] (SDG 10) * 14 July [[w:de:Veranstaltung:Queers & Frauen 28.07.2026|Queers & Frauen]] (SDG 5 & 10) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 19:20, 3 Julai 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30633243 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 5, 6, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/07/04/photowalk-at-the-purbachal-reserve-forest/|Photowalk at the Purbachal Reserve Forest]] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/07/13/welcoming-women-into-wikimedia-tech-a-guide-based-on-lived-experiences/|Welcoming Women+ into Wikimedia Tech: A Guide Based on Lived Experiences]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/07/14/empowering-youth-through-knowledge-wikipedia-for-freedom-of-elections-in-armenia/|Empowering Youth Through Knowledge: “Wikipedia for Freedom of Elections” in Armenia]] (SDG 16) * [[diffblog:2026/07/19/water-for-life-knowledge-for-all-how-wikiverse-botswana-is-showcasing-africas-water-story-through-the-africa-wiki-challenge-2026/|Water for Life, Knowledge for All: How WikiVerse Botswana is Showcasing Africa’s Water Story Through the Africa Wiki Challenge 2026]] (SDG 6) * Wikimania: There were so many sessions and posters related to the SDGs, they can't all be listed here. But on [[wikimania:2026:Program/SDG related sessions|this Wikimania page]] you can find them all and the session pages have links to the recordings. This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 08:56, 4 Agosti 2026 (UTC)• [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30853204 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty eighth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 4, 10, 11, 13 and 14.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/08/12/wiki-loves-fish-bringing-coastal-biodiversity-to-the-world-through-open-knowledge/|Wiki Loves Fish: Bringing Coastal Biodiversity to the World Through Open Knowledge]] (SDG 14) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2026/08/19/making-rare-disease-knowledge-a-little-more-common-on-wikipedia/ Making rare disease knowledge a little more common on Wikipedia] (SDG 3) * [[diffblog:2026/08/26/the-pre-conference-on-information-integrity-in-climate-change-at-wikimania/|The Pre-Conference on Information Integrity in Climate Change at Wikimania]] (SDG 13) * [[diffblog:2026/08/29/beyond-wikipedia-a-technical-workshop-introducing-moroccan-teachers-to-wikidata-and-the-wikimedia-technical-ecosystem/|Beyond Wikipedia: A Technical Workshop Introducing Moroccan Teachers to Wikidata and the Wikimedia Technical Ecosystem]] (SDG&nbsp;4) * [[diffblog:2026/08/29/wiki-for-human-rights-nigeria-write-for-rights-and-july-virtual-session/|Wiki for Human Rights Nigeria: Write for Rights and July Virtual Session]] (SDG 10) ; Events * Ongoing: [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2026|Wiki Loves Monuments]] (SDG 11) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 08:21, 4 Septemba 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30910094 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - September 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty ninth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5, 11, and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/The_little_coloured_bar_that_tells_you_a_species_is_disappearing_%E2%80%94_and_the_Australian_project_keeping_it_accurate The little coloured bar that tells you a species is disappearing — and the Australian project keeping it accurate] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/09/05/more-than-a-campaign-the-measurable-impact-of-celebrate-women-2026/|More than a campaign: the measurable impact of Celebrate Women 2026]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/09/04/shesaid-2026-the-global-story-continues-one-voice-at-a-time/|SheSaid 2026: The Global Story Continues, One Voice at a Time]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/09/13/from-focus-group-to-skills-focus-a-new-programme-of-wiki-loves-women/|From Focus Group to Skills Focus: A New Programme of Wiki Loves Women]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/09/17/2387-photographs-237-participants-documenting-colombias-biodiversity-through-wiki-loves-earth-2026/|2,387 photographs, 237 participants: documenting Colombia’s biodiversity through Wiki Loves Earth 2026]] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/09/20/more-programs-arent-enough-why-eduwiki-needs-stronger-infrastructure/|More Programs Aren’t Enough: Why EduWiki Needs Stronger Infrastructure]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/09/21/wiki-loves-earth-2026-in-bangladesh-3330-photographs-15-winners-and-one-snake-that-changed-the-rules/|Wiki Loves Earth 2026 in Bangladesh: 3,330 photographs, 15 winners, and one snake that changed the rules]] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/09/23/from-open-knowledge-to-national-development-representing-wikimedia-botswana-at-the-un-consultation/|From Open Knowledge to National Development: Representing Wikimedia Botswana at the UN Consultation]] * [[diffblog:2026/09/25/from-university-research-to-free-knowledge-academics-discover-wikimedia/|From University Research to Free Knowledge: Academics Discover Wikimedia]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/09/26/after-the-storm-the-shoots-are-more-photogenic/|After the storm, the shoots are more photogenic]] (SDG 15) ; Events * Still ongoing: [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2026|Wiki Loves Monuments]] (SDG 11) </div> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 17:11, 2 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=31035794 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our sixtieth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 9, 10, 13, 15 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/09/28/world-malaria-day-2026-promoting-public-health-on-malaria-on-wikipedia-and-wikidata/|World Malaria Day 2026: Promoting Public Health on Malaria on Wikipedia and Wikidata]] (SDG 3) * [[diffblog:2026/10/05/how-wiki-loves-earths-images-expressed-love-in-2026/|How Wiki Loves Earth’s images expressed love in 2026]] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/10/06/climate-change-and-free-knowledge-workshops-for-editing-urgent-issues/|Climate Change and Free Knowledge: Workshops for Editing Urgent Issues]] (SDG 13) * [[diffblog:2026/10/10/from-india-to-uzbekistan-how-butterflies-brought-wikipedians-together/|From India to Uzbekistan: How Butterflies Brought Wikipedians Together]] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/10/10/my-wikigap-2026-journey-in-uganda-amplifying-womens-stories-through-wikimedia/|My WikiGap 2026 Journey in Uganda: Amplifying women’s stories through Wikimedia]] (SDG 5) * [https://zenodo.org/records/23350108 Contributing plant-related knowledge to the Wikiverse - How and why to collaborate] (SDG 15) ; Events * Upcoming :* 11 November: [[w:en:Wikipedia:24hr editathon for COP31|24hr editathon for COP31]] (SDG 13) * On-going: :* [[m:Maritime_Silk_Road_Edit-a-thon|Maritime Silk Road Edit a Thon]] (SDG 17) * Past: :* [[m:Event:Writing_Wikipedia_in_ASL:_A_Deaf_Editor%27s_Perspective_on_SignWriting,_Linguistics,_and_Access_to_Knowledge|Writing Wikipedia in ASL]] (SDG 10) :* [[d:Event:Query_Service_Days_2026|Query Service Days 2026]] (SDG 9) </div> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 07:58, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=31196080 --> cid1dcau5zvbdp9tvs9yrqrwu4ucs79 0 120384 1612499 1602404 2026-11-02T05:29:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612499 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Senenmut-Grab.JPG|300px|thumb|Kalenda ya Misri ya Kale kwenye [[ukuta]] wa [[kaburi]] la mwaka [[1460 KK]].]] '''Kalenda ya Misri ya Kale''' ilikuwa [[kalenda ya jua]] yenye [[siku]] 365 inayoendelea kutumiwa hadi leo katika [[Kanisa la Kikopti]] na pia na [[wakulima]] wa [[Misri]]. ==Ugawaji wa mwaka== [[Mwaka]] uligawiwa kwa [[majira]] matatu ya siku 120 kila moja, pamoja na kipindi cha nyongeza cha siku tano kilichotazamwa kuwa nje ya mwaka wenyewe. Majira 3 ya mwaka yalifuata hali ya [[Mto Naili]], yaani *majira ya mafuriko (takribani Juni hadi Septemba) *majira ya kutokea upya kwa nchi kavu (takribani Oktoba hadi Januari) *majira ya mavuno (takribani Februari hadi Mei) Ilhali Misri ni nchi yenye [[mvua]] kidogo mno, mafuriko ya kila mwaka yaliyoleta kutoka [[Ethiopia]] [[maji]] pamoja na [[matope]] yenye [[rutuba]] yalikuwa msingi wa [[kilimo]] katika [[bonde]] la Naili hadi lilipojengwa [[Lambo la Assuan]] mnamo [[1960]]-[[1970]]. Majira yaligawiwa kwa miezi minne yenye siku 30. Hii miezi 12 hapo awali ilitajwa kwa [[namba]] lakini baadaye ilijulikana pia kwa majina ya [[sherehe]] zake kuu. Kila mwezi uligawanywa katika miongo mitatu ya siku 10. ==Mwaka mfupi== Mwaka huo ulikuwa mfupi kuliko mwaka wa jua kiasi cha karibu [[robo]] siku. Kalenda ya Wamisri ilipoteza karibu siku moja kila baada ya miaka minne kulinganishwa na [[Kalenda ya Gregori]]. Hali hiyo ilitambuliwa kama hasara, lakini majaribio ya kusahihisha kasoro kwa kuongeza siku ya sita ya nyongeza kila baada ya miaka minne yalishindikana kutokana na upinzani kwa [[viongozi]] wa [[dini]]. Sahihisho liliwezekana tu wakati Misri ilipotawaliwa na [[Dola la Roma]] chini ya [[Kaisari Augusto]] mnamo mwaka [[24 BK|24]] au [[25 BK]]. ==Misingi== Kalenda ilianzishwa mapema wakati wa [[milenia ya 3 KK]]. [[Wataalamu]] wa [[Misri ya Kale]] walitambua kwamba [[nyota]] ya [[Shira (nyota)|Shira (Sirius)]] ilianza kuonekana [[Anga|angani]] kila mwaka wakati huohuo kama kutokea kwa mafuriko ya Mto Naili. Hivyo [[tarehe]] ya kuonekana kwa Shira mnamo [[19 Juni]] ilikuwa siku ya mwaka mpya wakati kalenda ilipoanzishwa; ila tu, kutokana na ufupi wa mwaka wa Kimisri, Shira ilianza kutokea kabla ya siku ya mwaka mpya. ==Matumizi baada ya Misri ya Kale== Tangu masahihisho yaliyofanywa chini ya Kaisari Augusto, kalenda iliendelea sambamba na [[Kalenda ya Juliasi]] ya [[Waroma]]. Pia baada ya [[uvamizi]] wa [[Waarabu]] na kuenea kwa [[Uislamu]] iliendelea kutumiwa na Kanisa la Kikopti kwa kupanga [[liturgia]] na [[sikukuu]] zake. Pia wakulima wa Misri, wakiwa [[Wakristo]] au [[Waislamu]], waliendelea kutumia kalenda hiyo kwa kukadiria [[kazi]] zao zilizotegema majira ya mafuriko ya mto Naili. == Marejeo == <references/> === Vitabu === * {{citation|last=Clagett|first=Marshall|title=Ancient Egyptian Science: A Source Book, ''Vol. II:'' Calendars, Clocks, and Astronomy|date=1995|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xKKPUpDOTKAC&printsec=frontcover|series=''Memoirs of the APS'', No. 214|location=Philadelphia|publisher=American Philosophical Society|authorlink=Marshall Clagett}}. * {{citation|last=Everson|first=Michael|title=Encoding Egyptian Hieroglyphs in Plane 1 of the UCS|date=1999|url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L1999/N1944.pdf|publisher=Unicode}}. * {{citation|last=Forisek|first=Péter|title=Censorinus and His Work ''De Die Natali''|date=2003|url=https://dea.lib.unideb.hu/dea/bitstream/handle/2437/79618/tz_en894.pdf?sequence=3|location=Debrecen|publisher=University of Debrecen}}. ([https://dea.lib.unideb.hu/dea/bitstream/handle/2437/79618/de_894.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y Full Hungarian version].) * {{citation|last=Grafton|first=Anthony Thomas|title=The Classical Quarterly, ''Vol. XXXV, No. 2''|date=1985|contribution=Technical Chronology and Astrological History in Varro, Censorinus, and Others|ref={{harvid|Grafton & al.|1985}}|display-authors=1|author2=Noel Mark Swedlow|authorlink=Anthony Grafton|pp=454–465}}. * {{citation|last=Høyrup|first=Jens|title=Physis|contribution=A Historian's History of Ancient Egyptian Science|contribution-url=http://webhotel4.ruc.dk/~jensh/Publications/1996%7BR%7D10_Clagett.PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260206094245/http://webhotel4.ruc.dk/~jensh/Publications/1996%7BR%7D10_Clagett.PDF|access-date=2020-01-02|archive-date=2026-02-06|url-status=dead}}, a review of Clagett's ''Ancient Egyptian Science'', Vols. I & II. * {{citation|last=Jauhiainen|first=Heidi|title=Do Not Celebrate Your Feast without Your Neighbors: A Study of References to Feasts and Festivals in Non-Literary Documents from Ramesside Period Deir el-Medina|date=2009|url=https://helda.helsinki.fi/bitstream/handle/10138/19196/donotcel.pdf?sequence=2|series=''Publications of the Institute for Asian and African Studies'', No. 10|location=Helsinki|publisher=University of Helsinki}}. * {{citation|title=Ancient Egyptian Chronology|date=2006|editor-last=Krauss|editor-first=Rolf|series=''Handbook of Oriental Studies'', Sect. 1, Vol. 83|location=Leiden|publisher=Brill|ref={{harvid|''AEC''|2006}}|editor2=Erik Hornung|editor3=David A. Warburton|editor4=Marianne Eaton-Krauss|display-editors=1}}. * {{citation|last=Luft|first=Ulrich|title=Egypt and the Levant, ''Vol. XVI''|date=2006|contribution=Absolute Chronology in Egypt in the First Quarter of the Second Millennium BC|publisher=Austrian Academy of Sciences Press|pp=309--316}}. * {{citation|last=Neugebauer|first=Otto Eduard|title=Acta Orientalia, ''No. 16''|date=1939|contribution=Die Bedeutungslosigkeit der 'Sothisperiode' für die Älteste Ägyptische Chronologie|authorlink=Otto E. Neugebauer|pp=169 ff}}. {{in lang|de}} * {{citation|last=O'Mara|first=Patrick F.|title=Journal of Near Eastern Studies, ''Vol. LXII, No. 1''|date=January 2003|contribution=Censorinus, the Sothic Cycle, and Calendar Year One in Ancient Egypt: The Epistemological Problem|location=Chicago|publisher=University of Chicago Press|pp=17–26}}. * {{citation|last=Parker|first=Richard Anthony|title=The Calendars of Ancient Egypt|date=1950|url=https://oi.uchicago.edu/sites/oi.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/shared/docs/saoc26.pdf|series=''Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization'', No. 26|location=Chicago|publisher=University of Chicago Press|authorlink=Richard Anthony Parker|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111161053/https://oi.uchicago.edu/sites/oi.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/shared/docs/saoc26.pdf|access-date=2020-01-02|archive-date=2023-01-11|url-status=dead}}. * {{citation|last=Schaefer|first=Bradley Elliott|title=Journal for the History of Astronomy, ''Vol. XXXI, Pt. 2''|date=2000|contribution=The Heliacal Rise of Sirius and Ancient Egyptian Chronology|contribution-url=http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/2000JHA....31..149S/0000149.000.html|authorlink=Bradley Schaefer|pp=[http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/2000JHA....31..149S/0000149.000.html 149–155]}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. * {{citation|last=Spalinger|first=Anthony|title=Journal of Near Eastern Studies, ''Vol. 54, No. 1''|date=January 1995|contribution=Some Remarks on the Epagomenal Days in Ancient Egypt|pp=33–47}}. * {{citation|last=Tetley|first=M. Christine|title=The Reconstructed Chronology of the Egyptian Kings, ''Vol. I''|date=2014|url=http://www.egyptchronology.com/vols-1--2.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211075421/http://www.egyptchronology.com/vols-1--2.html|access-date=2017-02-09|archive-date=2017-02-11|url-status=dead}}. * {{citation|last=Winlock|first=Herbert Eustis|title=Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, ''No. 83''|date=1940|contribution=The Origin of the Ancient Egyptian Calendar|contribution-url=https://archive.org/stream/H.e.WinlockTheOriginOfTheAncientEgyptianCalendar1840/Winlock_originOfTheAncientEgyptianCalendar_procAmerPhilosophSoc_1940_sep_v83_n3_447-464#page/n0/mode/2up|location=New York|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|authorlink=Herbert Eustis Winlock|pp=447–464}}. * {{citation|last=Vygus|first=Mark|title=Middle Egyptian Dictionary|date=2015|url=http://www.pyramidtextsonline.com/documents/VygusDictionaryApril2015.pdf}}. == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.instonebrewer.com/TyndaleSites/Egypt/ptolemies/chron/egyptian/chron_eg_intro.htm Detailed information about the Egyptian calendars, including lunar cycles] * [http://egypt.online-resourcen.de/content/Date-Converter-Ancient-Egypt Date Converter for Ancient Egypt] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050216102054/http://emr.cs.iit.edu/home/reingold/calendar-book/Calendrica.html Calendrica] Includes the Egyptian civil calendar with years in [[Klaudio Ptolemaio|Ptolemy]]'s Nabonassar Era (year 1 = 747 BC) as well as the Coptic, Ethiopic, and French calendars. * [http://www.egyptologyforum.org/civil4.0.zip Civil, ver. 4.0], is a 25kB DOS program to convert dates in the Egyptian civil calendar to the Julian or Gregorian ones [[jamii:Misri ya Kale]] [[jamii:Kalenda]] [[Jamii:Wakopti]] gn9mrldzhw8uvlfhaznl7gos7sroit7 0 126464 1612428 1606786 2026-11-01T16:10:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612428 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Floyd''' ([[1973]] - [[25 Mei]] [[2020]]) alikuwa [[Mmarekani]] [[Wamarekani weusi|Mweusi]] kutoka [[Minnesota]] aliyefariki [[dunia]] kufuatia [[askari]] [[polisi]] [[Mzungu|mweupe]] wa [[Minneapolis]], aliyejulikana kwa jina la [[Derek Chauvin]]<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/05/29/officer-charged-george-floyds-death-used-fatal-force-before-had-history-complaints/ Jarida la Washingpost, liliangaliwa 03 June 2020</ref> kumbana Floyd kwa kupiga [[goti]] juu ya upande wa nyuma wa [[shingo]] ya Floyd kwa muda wa takribani [[dakika]] 8 na [[sekunde]] 46 kadiri ya maelezo yaliyomo kwenye faili la malalamiko ya jinai lilofunguliwa dhidi ya Chauvin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://edition.cnn.com/us/live-news/george-floyd-protest-updates-05-28-20/h_d6de512e51a8858a57f93ffa732c2695 |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200624010947/https://edition.cnn.com/us/live-news/george-floyd-protest-updates-05-28-20/h_d6de512e51a8858a57f93ffa732c2695 |archivedate=2020-06-24 |accessdate=2020-05-30 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>https://www.mediaite.com/uncategorized/officials-say-derek-chauvin-had-knee-on-george-floyds-neck-for-almost-3-minutes-after-floyd-was-unresponsive/</ref>. ==Kifo chake== Mnamo 25 [[Mei]], 2020, George Floyd aliuawa katika jiji la [[Minneapolis, Minnesota|Minneapolis]] nchini [[Marekani]] na Derek Chauvin, afisa wa [[polisi]] [[mzungu]] mwenye umri wa miaka 44.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Derek Chauvin found guilty of murder of George Floyd|url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/apr/20/derek-chauvin-verdict-guilty-murder-george-floyd|work=the Guardian|date=2021-04-21|accessdate=2022-04-16|language=en}}</ref> Floyd alikamatwa kwa tuhuma za kutumia noti [[ghushi]] ya $20. Chauvin alipiga magoti kwenye [[shingo]] ya Floyd kwa zaidi ya dakika tisa huku Floyd akiwa amefungwa [[Pungu|pingu]] na kulala [[kifudifudi]] [[barabarani]].<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52861726</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Barker|first=Kim|title=Officers Charged in George Floyd’s Death Not Likely to Present United Front|date=2020-06-04|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/04/us/george-floyd-police-records-chauvin.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2022-04-16|last2=Eligon|first2=John|last3=Jr|first3=Richard A. Oppel|last4=Furber|first4=Matt}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Barker|first=Kim|title=Officers Charged in George Floyd’s Death Not Likely to Present United Front|date=2020-06-04|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/04/us/george-floyd-police-records-chauvin.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2022-04-16|last2=Eligon|first2=John|last3=Jr|first3=Richard A. Oppel|last4=Furber|first4=Matt}}</ref> Maafisa wengine wawili wa polisi, J. Alexander Kueng na Thomas Lane, walimsaidia Chauvin kumzuia Floyd.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcGtHFluijI&feature=youtu.be</ref> Lane pia alikuwa ameelekeza [[bunduki]] kwenye [[kichwa]] cha Floyd kabla ya Floyd kufungwa pingu. Afisa wa nne wa polisi, Tou Thao, aliwazuia watu waliokuwa karibu na eneo hilo kuingilia kati.<ref>{{Citation|last=Chappell|first=Bill|title=Chauvin And 3 Former Officers Face New Charges Over George Floyd's Death|date=2020-06-03|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/06/03/868910542/chauvin-and-3-former-officers-face-new-charges-over-george-floyds-death|work=NPR|language=en|access-date=2022-04-16}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973|2020}} [[Jamii:Wamarekani Weusi]] faw80vef78jdysxwh7pgo32w1pamw56 1612463 1612428 2026-11-01T22:24:21Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1612463 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Floyd''' ([[1973]] - [[25 Mei]] [[2020]]) alikuwa [[Mmarekani]] [[Wamarekani weusi|Mweusi]] kutoka [[Minnesota]] aliyefariki [[dunia]] kufuatia [[askari]] [[polisi]] [[Mzungu|mweupe]] wa [[Minneapolis]], aliyejulikana kwa jina la [[Derek Chauvin]]<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/05/29/officer-charged-george-floyds-death-used-fatal-force-before-had-history-complaints/ Jarida la Washingpost, liliangaliwa 03 June 2020</ref> kumbana Floyd kwa kupiga [[goti]] juu ya upande wa nyuma wa [[shingo]] ya Floyd kwa muda wa takribani [[dakika]] 8 na [[sekunde]] 46 kadiri ya maelezo yaliyomo kwenye faili la malalamiko ya jinai lilofunguliwa dhidi ya Chauvin.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://edition.cnn.com/us/live-news/george-floyd-protest-updates-05-28-20/h_d6de512e51a8858a57f93ffa732c2695 |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200624010947/https://edition.cnn.com/us/live-news/george-floyd-protest-updates-05-28-20/h_d6de512e51a8858a57f93ffa732c2695 |archivedate=2020-06-24 |accessdate=2020-05-30 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>https://www.mediaite.com/uncategorized/officials-say-derek-chauvin-had-knee-on-george-floyds-neck-for-almost-3-minutes-after-floyd-was-unresponsive/</ref>. ==Kifo chake== Mnamo 25 [[Mei]], 2020, George Floyd aliuawa katika jiji la [[Minneapolis, Minnesota|Minneapolis]] nchini [[Marekani]] na Derek Chauvin, afisa wa [[polisi]] [[mzungu]] mwenye umri wa miaka 44.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Derek Chauvin found guilty of murder of George Floyd|url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/apr/20/derek-chauvin-verdict-guilty-murder-george-floyd|work=the Guardian|date=2021-04-21|accessdate=2022-04-16|language=en}}</ref> Floyd alikamatwa kwa tuhuma za kutumia noti [[ghushi]] ya $20. Chauvin alipiga magoti kwenye [[shingo]] ya Floyd kwa zaidi ya dakika tisa huku Floyd akiwa amefungwa [[Pungu|pingu]] na kulala [[kifudifudi]] [[barabarani]].<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52861726</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Barker|first=Kim|title=Officers Charged in George Floyd’s Death Not Likely to Present United Front|date=2020-06-04|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/04/us/george-floyd-police-records-chauvin.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2022-04-16|last2=Eligon|first2=John|last3=Jr|first3=Richard A. Oppel|last4=Furber|first4=Matt}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Barker|first=Kim|title=Officers Charged in George Floyd’s Death Not Likely to Present United Front|date=2020-06-04|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/04/us/george-floyd-police-records-chauvin.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2022-04-16|last2=Eligon|first2=John|last3=Jr|first3=Richard A. Oppel|last4=Furber|first4=Matt}}</ref> Maafisa wengine wawili wa polisi, J. Alexander Kueng na Thomas Lane, walimsaidia Chauvin kumzuia Floyd.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcGtHFluijI&feature=youtu.be</ref> Lane pia alikuwa ameelekeza [[bunduki]] kwenye [[kichwa]] cha Floyd kabla ya Floyd kufungwa pingu. Afisa wa nne wa polisi, Tou Thao, aliwazuia watu waliokuwa karibu na eneo hilo kuingilia kati.<ref>{{Citation|last=Chappell|first=Bill|title=Chauvin And 3 Former Officers Face New Charges Over George Floyd's Death|date=2020-06-03|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/06/03/868910542/chauvin-and-3-former-officers-face-new-charges-over-george-floyds-death|work=NPR|language=en|access-date=2022-04-16}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973|2020}} [[Jamii:Wamarekani Weusi]] 1ov10pui2cms71ifb2knvstl9mxsrfn 3 132366 1612516 1609461 2026-11-02T07:58:33Z MediaWiki message delivery 17311 /* Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2026 Newsletter */ mjadala mpya 1612516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' 07:28, 16 Januari 2021 (UTC) :Badala ya kuondoa mabango yetu viongozi, saidia kurekebisha makala zenye matatizo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:22, 14 Aprili 2021 (UTC) ==Kuhusu Uhariri== Salamu sana ndugu Justine Msechu Hongera kwa jitihada zako katika uhariri ndani wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili, jaribu sasa kupitia sana ukurasa wa mabadiliko ya karibuni ili kuona namna gani makala zako zinavyoendelea kuboreshwa , ili utumie maboresho hayo katika makala nyingine,pia pitia baadhi ya makala nyingine ili kuongeza maarifa zaidi katika uhariri, amani nyingi kwako --'''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' :: Ndugu Jastine salam, napenda kupongeza jitihada zako za kuhariri katika wikipedia ya kiswahili, lakini kunachangamoto hapa noana leo tarehe 22.09.2022 umeamua kumwaga matini ya google translate bila wasiwasi, naomba urejee nyuma ufanye marekebisho. Asantẽ. -- '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' Ndugu Olimasy Tafadhali pitia tena hizo makala ulizoweka tafsiri ya kompyuuta ili kuona wapi kunashida. Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 03:06, 23 Septemba 2022 (UTC) ::: Shida ipo kwenye makala zote nilizoweka tafsiri ya kompyuta zoote ninauhakika na kitu ninachokwambia. Tafadhariǃ Asante. -- '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' Greetings to you sir '''[[Mtumiaji:Augustino Mpagwa|Augustino Mpagwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Augustino Mpagwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:20, 6 Desemba 2022 (UTC) ==Viungo vyekundu== Ndugu, naona unapenda kuondoa mabano katika maneno yasiyopata bado makala. Usifanye hivi: viungo vyekundu ni vichocheo vya uandishi wa kurasa mpya. Pia naomba unapoona sisi wakabidhi tumefanya kitu, fikiri mara mbili kabla ya kukifuta. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:44, 26 Mei 2021 (UTC) ==Tahajia, herufi kubwa na ndogo, kutumia vyanzo== Habari, tafadhali angalia nilivyohariri makala ya [[Mnara wa Taa Wa Cap Rosa]]. Katika jina naomba uangalie matumizi wa herufi kubw ana ndogo. Tafuta makala kuhusu "mnara wa taa", angalia jinsi tulivyotumia herufi kubwa na ndogo. Pia haifai kabisa kutumia "Wa" badala ya "wa". Uliweza kuangalia makala ya Kiingereza na kutafuta vyanzo humo. Hata kama ziko kwenye sanduku la habari (infobox) ambayo hatuwezi kunakili. Lakini unaweza kufungua tovunye tanbihi / footnotes na kuzifungua moja-moja, kukopi URL na kuchukua habari kutoka hapa jinsi nilivyofanya. Jaribu!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 18:04, 9 Juni 2021 (UTC) ==Viungo vya Ndani== Habari, jaribu kutazama katika makala zako,ili kuwa na makala bora zaidi, jaribu kutokurudia rudia viungo vya ndani vya jina moja makala moja, pia majina ya watu au miji, ni vizuri sana kama utawekea alama hizi hapa [[]] badala ya kuyafanya yaonekane kama italic, pia ukiandika makala moja fanya juhudi kuirudia yena kuitazama hata baada ya masaa mawili ili kuona kitu gani kimebadilika kwa ajili ya maboresho zaidi, Amani sana Kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' ==Usitafsiri hovyo, tafakari kwanza!!== Kaka nimepitilia makala ya [[Uwanja wa michezo wa Gelvandale]]. Ni sawa ukitumia jina la Kiingereza "Gelvendale Stadium" kama hilo ni jina la kienyeji. Lakini ukitafsiri matini tafadhali utumie akili yako! Kwa kiswahili hakuna "taa za mafuriko", isipokuwa katika hali ya dharura kama mafuriko yanatokea wakati wa usiku. Mafuriko gani kwenye uwanja wa michezo? Ukikuta maneno hayo kwenye intaneti ni maneno yaliyobuniwa na programu otomatiki ambako kompyuta inajaribu kutafsiri. Usitafsiri matini usiyoelewa, na Kiingereza katika makala hiyo hujaelewa mara kadhaa. Athletic track si "vifaa vya riadha" (ni njia maalum ya kukimbia). ''"The stadium was previously used for professional football matches"''inamaanisha: uwanji uliwahi kutumiwa kwa mechi za mpira (wa kulipwa)" - LAKINI si: "Uwanja huo hapo awali ulikuwa ukitumika kuanda mechi na chama cha mpira wa miguu." "Training venue" si ukumbi... Tafadhali fanya polepole. Unasababisha kazi nyingi kwa wengine wanaopaswa kusahihisha. Ninakushauri utunge mambo yako kwanza kwenye ukurasa mdogo wa nafasi yako ya mtumiaji, umwombe mwtu mwingine asome halafu hamisha kwenye nafasi ya makala. Ukiwa na swali, uliza! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 08:40, 16 Juni 2021 (UTC) ::Samahani, naona makala haikuanzishwa na wewe, kwa hiyo makosa mengi si yako kiasili. Kwa hiyo samahani kama nimetaja mambo ambayo si yako. Hata hivyo, ukipitia makala, naomba sana usinyamazte ukiona matini ambayo haieleweki, jinsi ilivyokuwa katika makala hiyo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 09:20, 16 Juni 2021 (UTC) :Shukrani kiongozi ngoja nijaribu kuzipitia zaidii na nifuraha unapokua unatukosoa tunajifunza mengi. ==Umakini == Nikiangalia [[Uwanja wa michezo wa Naivasha]] naomba: Utumie [[lemma]] (jina rasmi ya makala) pia kama maneno ya kwanza ya matini yako (hapo uliandika "Uwanja wa Naivasha" tu). Halafu jina la barabara usitafsiri, kama hujui jina rasmi la Kiswahili (ninavyojua haiko). Matini yako "Barabara ya Ziwa Moi Kusini" ilileta picha kama kuna "Ziwa Moi" ambayo halipo. Kama ingetafsiriwa ingekuwa "Barabara ya Moi Ziwa Kusini" lakini sina ushuhuda kwa hiyo. Unaweza kuangalia ramani mfano https://www.google.com/maps/search/naivasha/@-0.7172697,36.4297056,17.25z utaona "Moi Avenue" inaendelea kama "Moi S. Lake Road". Halafu ukumbuke tuna lemma [[uwanja wa michezo]], unaweza kuitumia. Ni vema ulikumbuka kuweka jamii:Viwanja vya michezo vya nchiXXX. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 09:52, 16 Juni 2021 (UTC) ==Picha ya Ol Kalou== Umebandika picha inayoonyesha eneo la Rongai lakini makala inazungumzia eneo la OL Kalou na picha inayonyesha sunset ,Tazama makala hiyo hapa https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol_Kalou, ni vyema kutumia umakini zaidi wakati wa kuweka picha ili kusiwe na mgongano kati ya makala na picha, Amani sana, ==Matumizi ya ramani== Ndugu umekopi mara kadhaa ramani kwa umbo la location map. Hii ni bure kabisa maana hazifanyi kazi kwetu. "Location map" inaleta tu ile ramani ndogo ya nchi fulani lakini hakuna nukta penye mji fulani. Heri uziondoe tena. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:47, 12 Julai 2021 (UTC) :Nawezaje kuweka na iyo location yake? ::Huwezi. Haijaandaliwa kwetu bado. Pia ni vema ukitia sahihi ukiandika kwa alama za '''<big><nowiki>~~~~</nowiki></big>'''. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 11:06, 12 Julai 2021 (UTC) ==[[Peju Layiwola]]== Makala hiyo ilipewa onyo la "tafsiri ya kompyuta" haikusahihishwa bado. Nadhani wewe uliianzisha, nimeipendekeza sasa kwa ufutaji. Unaweza kushiriki kwenye majadiliano. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 11:06, 12 Julai 2021 (UTC) ==Kisiwa Cha Mongo== Katika makala hii hapa https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisiwa_cha_Mongo umeweka picha inayoonyesha ramani ya bara la Afrika katika Nchi ya Congo na wakati huo makala inazungumzia mkoa uliopo Tanzania, picha za aina hii zinaondoa maana kwa watu wanaotaka kujifunza kupitia Wikipedia kwa sababu hazina uhalisia na makala, kuweni makini wakati mnapotafuta picha na kujihakikishia kwanza picha inayobandikwa inafanana na maudhui yaliyopo katika makala husika, '''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' ==[[Sartrouville]]== City Hall si ukumbi, ni jengo la (ofisi ya) mji / manisipaa. Naomba utafakari vema unachoandika kama maelezo ya picha. Halafu swali: kwa nini hurudi kusahihisha makala zinazozajwa hapa juu? Badala yake unaongeza tu kurasa bila kujali makosa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:13, 13 Julai 2021 (UTC) ....sikuona huo ukurasa ila nimeshabdili. ==Africa Wiki Challenge 2021== Dear --'''[[User:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[User:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]])''' Congratulations for winning this year’s Africa Wiki Challenge. You are by this mail invited to join our 2021 Annual General Meeting and Award Ceremony on: Date: 2nd December 2021 Time: 10:00 AM to 13:00 PM UTC via zoom. Links on our streaming will be made available to you in our next email. While waiting, is there any shop that allows online purchase to be made? Regards, '''[[User:Naa Tsotsoo|Naa Tsotsoo]] ([[User:Naa Tsotsoo|Naa Tsotsoo]])''' ( talk ) Thank you so mach and yes there is online shop. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' == Affiliations Committee (AffCom) Member & Advisor Elections - Final Reminder for January 2022 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Translations/Member & Advisor elections final reminder for January 2022|Translations]] are available.'' This is a friendly reminder that the '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]]''' – which is responsible for guiding volunteers in establishing and sustaining Wikimedia chapters, thematic organizations, and user groups – is seeking new members and advisors! The deadline to post your application on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Candidates/January 2022|Member nomination page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/Advisors/2022|Advisor nomination]] is 31 January 2022. If you know somebody you think may be interested, please share and encourage them to consider applying. If you have any questions please email affcom@wikimedia.org before the application deadline or reach out to any of the current members. Good luck to all the candidates! On behalf of the committee,<br> [[User:FULBERT|FULBERT]] ([[User talk:FULBERT|talk]]) 17:32, 25 January 2022 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:FULBERT@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=22650505 --> ==Victoria Kimani== Ndugu, hongera kwa kazi, ila unapokuta ukurasa upo tayari, usianze upya kwa kutumia tafsiri nzima kutoka Kiingereza, ila ongezea tu. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:12, 18 Februari 2022 (UTC) :Okay Asante. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 20:27, 18 Februari 2022 (UTC) ==Tanbihi== Ndugu, usiondoe <nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki> katika sehemu ya tanbihi, kwa kuwa unasababisha hizo zitokee chini mno. Ukitaka kuongeza <nowiki>{{mbegu}}</nowiki>, kwa mfano <nowiki>{{mbegu-mtu}}</nowiki>, weka tu chini ya <nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki>. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:27, 6 Machi 2022 (UTC) :Okay nimeelewa sasa. je naweza kuziweka kwenye makala nyingine? '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:32, 6 Machi 2022 (UTC) ::Nakukumbusha tena namna sahihi ni kuandika hivi: <nowiki>== Marejeo == {{reflist}}</nowiki> si <nowiki>==Marejeleo==</nowiki> bila <nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki>. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:54, 19 Machi 2022 (UTC) ::Sawa Nimekumbuka '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 19 Machi 2022 (UTC) :::Habari ndugu Riccardo, Naomba ufwatilie account ya Mtumiaji Jumanne Mwita kwenye mabadiliko ya hivi karibuni kuna shida kidogo '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:11, 6 Aprili 2022 (UTC) ::::Ni kweli, afadhali umuarifu Kipala aone la kufanya. Asante sana. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:54, 7 Aprili 2022 (UTC) == Campaigns Product Update #3 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! We are excited to share our updates: *'''Proposal to create new namespaces''': We have proposed to create two namespaces, which are “'''Event'''” and “'''Event talk'''.” This way, we can easily create an Event Center that pulls data from event pages. This Event Center may include tools to create event pages with registration support, a calendar of events, and event statistics, among other features. More importantly, the Event Center will highlight organizing as an essential part of the Wikimedia movement. Please give us feedback on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T296280 Phabricator] or [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_March_2022_update|Meta]] about our proposal to create two new namespaces. *'''Engineering updates''': We are excited that we have finished hiring for our engineering team! Three engineers and an engineering manager have joined our team since our last update. In the last few months, they have conducted technical planning and launched the building phase of the project. They are now building the registration tool. You can see the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|updated team on meta]]. *'''Design updates''': We conducted usability tests with a small group of testers for early feedback on the desktop wireframes. After collecting this feedback, we have developed a new version for desktop wireframes, which will be ready to share in the next few weeks. These desktop wireframes display the user flow of two experiences: one for organizers who want to add registration to their event pages, and another for participants who want to register for an event. Additionally, the design team is also currently working on the first version of mobile wireframes, which will be shared during the next office hour. ::1. View the latest desktop wireframes in '''Figma''' for [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1899%3A44995&scaling=min-zoom&page-id=1472%3A36710&starting-point-node-id=1899%3A44995&show-proto-sidebar=1&hide-ui=1 Campaign Organizer Prototype] and [https://www.figma.com/proto/h0iZo5Tj6LHpsFDsInWiG0/Pilot---Event-Registration?node-id=1998%3A49612&scaling=min-zoom&page-id=1472%3A36710&starting-point-node-id=1998%3A49612&show-proto-sidebar=1&hide-ui=1 Participant Registration Prototype]. ::2. [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration#Feedback_on_project_principles_&_wireframes_(October_2021)|Leave us some feedback]] on the desktop wireframes. Note that we haven’t posted the newest version of the desktop wireframes on the project page yet, but we will soon (and you can feel free to add feedback on any version you have seen). *'''Ambassador updates''': Three product ambassadors for the Arabic, French and Swahili communities have now joined our team! They will help us collect feedback from Wikimedia communities about the project and understand the needs of organizers, through gathering first-hand information. These ambassadors are immersed as actual members of these communities, so they will also help us identify the needs of the organizers in our pilot communities. The ambassadors are: [[m:User:Bachounda (WMF)|'''M. Bachounda''']] for Arabic communities, [[m:User:Geugeor-WMF|'''Georges Fodouop''']] for French communities, and [[m:User:AMtavangu (WMF)|'''Antoni Mtavangu''']] for Swahili communities. '''What is next?''' :'''Next Office Hour''': We will be holding an office hour on '''March 31, 2022''' at 15:00 UTC, which will be conducted via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320 '''Zoom''']. We invite everyone to attend, and we really hope to see you! The focus will be on the Registration Tool. The team will also be providing community updates on the usability test findings and design highlights for the wireframes. We will also share our current Project timeline and answer any questions you may have. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 03|Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!]] :In a few months, we are expecting to have the early testable version of the tool. By then, the team will be doing the first round of general testing and gathering feedback. We are looking forward to adding more features on the tool such as communication support, potentially by the end of this year. If you know other organizers that might be interested in following these developments, please recommend that they [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|subscribe to the newsletter]]. We want to receive as much feedback as we can. Thank you! '''The Campaign Product Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:26, 22 Machi 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23033286 --> == Campaign Product Team Office Hour - March 31, 2022 == Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The Campaign Product Team will be hosting the next office hour to share exciting updates on the Registration Tool and new proposed namespaces for events. We will also be sharing community updates on the usability tests and design highlights of the latest mobile and desktop wireframes. Join us and share your thoughts on these developments! :Date: '''March 31, 2022''' :Time: 15:00 UTC :Zoom Link: https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82046580320 You may also watch [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jT8fRUWjfI Campaigns Office Hour: Introducing the Campaigns Product Team] to learn more about the Team and the previous wireframes. Feel free to send a message to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you want to receive an email reminder for this meeting. Thank you. '''The Campaign Product Team''' '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:37, 30 Machi 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23066888 --> == Enabling Section Translation: a new mobile translation experience == {{int:Hello}} Swahili Wikipedians! Apologies as this message is not in Swahili language, {{Int:Please-translate}}. The [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_engineering WMF Language team] is pleased to let you know that we will like to enable the [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section translation]] tool in Swahili Wikipedia. For this, our team will love you to read about the tool and test it so you can: *Give us your feedback *Ask us questions *Tell us how to improve it. Below is background information about Section translation, why we have chosen your community, and how to test it. '''Background information''' [[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] has been a successful tool for editors to create content in their language. More than one million articles have been created across all languages since the tool was released in 2015. The Wikimedia Foundation Language team has improved the translation experience further with the Section Translation. The WMF Language team enabled the early version of the tool in February in Bengali Wikipedia. Through their feedback, the tool was improved and ready for your community to test and help us with feedback to make it better. [https://design.wikimedia.org/strategy/section-translation.html Section Translation] extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will: *Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones. *Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device. Swahili Wikipedia seems an ideal candidate to enjoy this new tool since data shows significant mobile editing activity. We plan to enable the tool on Swahili Wikipedia in the coming weeks if there are no objections from your community. After it is enabled, we’ll monitor the content created with the tool and process all the feedback. In any case, feel free to raise any concerns or questions you may already have in any of the following formats: *As a reply to this message *On [[mw:Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation|the project talk page]]. '''Try the tool''' Before the enablement, you can try the current implementation of the tool in [https://test.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation our testing instance]. Once it is enabled on Swahili Wikipedia, you’ll have access to https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation with your mobile device. You can select an article to translate, and machine translation will be provided as a starting point for editors to improve. '''Provide feedback''' Please provide feedback about Section translation in any of the formats you are most comfortable with. We want to hear about your impressions on: *The tool *What you think about our plans to enable it *Your ideas for improving the tool. Thanks, and we look forward to your feedback and questions. '''[[Mtumiaji:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:UOzurumba (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 04:10, 14 Aprili 2022 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team '''PS''': Sending your feedback or questions in English is particularly appreciated. But, you can still send them in the language of your choice. == Feminism and Folklore 2022 - Local prize winners == <div style="border:8px brown ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''{{int:please-translate}}'' Congratulations for winning a local prize in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competition. Thank you for your contribution and documenting your local folk culture on Wikipedia. Please fill in your preferences before 15th of June 2022 to receive your prize. Requesting you to fill [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScK5HgvVaLph_r_afctwShUuYVtXNwaN24HUSEYnzUUho8d-Q/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] before the deadline to avoid disappointments. Feel free to [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Contact Us|contact us]] if you need any assistance or further queries. Best wishes, [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|FNF 2022 International Team]] ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 22 Mei 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=23312270 --> == Usisahau Interwiki == Habari Justine, naona bado unasahau wakati mwingine kuunganisha makala katika interwiki. Tafadhali ukumbuke! Ona: [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo_(Viungo_vya_Wikipedia)#Interwiki]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 17:10, 2 Juni 2022 (UTC) :Sawa kiongozi... '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 04:56, 3 Juni 2022 (UTC) == Event Registration Tool: Demo and Invitation to Test == Hello Subscribers! [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''The Campaigns Product  Team''']] from the Wikimedia Foundation will be hosting two office hours to  demo the new [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], and train organizers how to  use it. In these office hours, you will learn how to: * Create an event page in the new event namespace (as an event organizer) * Enable registration on your event page (as an event organizer) * Collect data on who registered for your event (as an event organizer) * Register for an event on the event page (as an event participant) You can attend one office hour or both, depending on your availability on the following dates: * Session 1: '''Thursday, July 21, 2022 at 5:00 PM UTC''' * Session 2: '''Saturday, July 23, 2022 at 12:00 PM UTC''' These events will be multilingual, with live interpretations in '''Arabic''', '''English''', '''French''', '''Italian''', and '''Portuguese''', and '''Swahili'''. Note that Portuguese will be available on the 21st, but not the 23rd. We strongly encourage you to join and share your feedback on the tool. Your feedback will help us improve the tool so that Wikimedians can have a better event experience. To register, please reply to this email or [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 07|'''''sign-up to our page''''']], by adding your signature. Thank you! <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> '''[[Mtumiaji:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:IBrazal (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 06:40, 18 Julai 2022 (UTC) == Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 == Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] will be having an office hour today, '''July 21, 2022 at 17:00 UTC''' via '''Zoom''' to demo the first release of the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']]. You may join the office hour using this [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/83538569035 '''meeting link''']. We look forward to your participation. Thank you. Best, The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:46, 21 Julai 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23512297 --> == Jamii - usiweke maradufu == Justin naomba uangalie vema jamii unazotumia. sehemu ya kazi yako ya leo haisaidii. Naona mfano wa [[Janet Otieno]] ulikosa jamiim hapa umeona vema. Sasa umeongeza Jamii:Muziki nchi kwa nchi PIA Jamii:Wanamuziki nchi kwa nchi. Ila jamii kuu hapa ni muziki. Jamii zote za Wanamuziki ziko chini ya muziki. Kwa hiyo inaleta utata tu kuwaweka pande zote mbili. Tena Janet ni mwanamuziki wa Kenya. Hapa inatakiwa kumpa "Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Kenya" halafu kufungua ukurasa wa jamii hiyo (itafunguliwa mara kubofya maandishi yake) na ndani yake unaandika "Jamii:Wanamuziki nchi kwa nchi". Sifanyi hii sasa naomba usahihishe mwenyewe. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 09:17, 26 Julai 2022 (UTC) :sawa nimesharekebisha '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:20, 26 Julai 2022 (UTC) :::Asante lakini unahitaji kupitilia zote! Mfano mwingine [[Mercy Chinwo]] umepanga (kama kote) "Jamii:Muziki nchi kwa nchi" PIA "Jamii:Wanamuziki nchi kwa nchi". Kimsingi mwanamuziki moja hatakiwi kuwepo ndani ya jamii hizi. Jamii za nchi kwa nchi zinashika vijamii kama "wanamuziki ya xxx (nchi)". Majina ya wasanii unapata baaday ndani ya vijamii hivi. Pole, hii kazi kubwa ya leo inapaswa kusafishwa kote.'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 09:35, 26 Julai 2022 (UTC) ::::Nimeanza kupitia zote lakini ningetamani unieleweshe kidogo kwenye hizi jamii na namna ya kuzitumia, maana mimi nilifanya ivyo nikiamini niko sahihi sasa ili kuondoa mkanganyiko huu ni bora tukafundishwa kabisa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 26 Julai 2022 (UTC) :::::Pia jaribu kupitia Mkala nyingine ili kuona zimewekewa jamii ya aina gani, mfano unapoandika makala ya Mwanamuziki fulani, kwanza angalia katika makala za wanamuziki wengine je pamewekwa jamii gani, ili isije kutokea unaandika kuhusu mwanamuziki halafu ndani yake unaweka jamii za Muziki fulani, hiyo inakuwa tofauti kabisa, na pia ili kujua zaidi unaweza kuwa unapitia katika ukurasa wa mabadiliko ya karibuni ili kuona makala ulizofanya zimewekewa maboresho ya aina gani, Amani sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' 13:42, 26 Julai 2022 (UTC) ::::::Asante idd, je nini maana ya vijamii vidogo? '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:45, 26 Julai 2022 (UTC) :::::::Nimekutumia link ya jamii hapa https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Editathons_swwiki unaweza kuona vizuri, pia katika makala mfano kama unazungumzia watu, unaweza kuona jamii ambazo ni maarufu zaidi, ni kama zile za mwaka wa kuzaliwa, hizo unaweza ukaziingiza lakini kabla ya kuweka jamiii yeyote angalia kama inaendana na makala husika, Amani sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' 13:54, 26 Julai 2022 (UTC) Sasa twende polepole. Muziki ni jamii yenye makala nyingi chini yake. Haisaidii ukifungua jamii na kupata makala mamia au maelfu. Hivyo makala zake hupangwa kwa vijamii (sub-categories). Ukitaka kumweka mwanamuziki moja, anaingia katika "Jamii:Wanamuziki wa xxx (nchi)" (pamoja na hayo angeweza kuingia pia katika jamii kama wanamuziki wa Jazz, klassiki ya Ulaya, tarumpeta, gospel - lakini nadhani hatuna hizo hadi sasa). ASIPANGWE katika "Jamii:Muziki" (jinsi ulivyofanya), maana "Wanamuziki nchi kwa nchi" wamo katika Jamii:Muziki. Nichukue mfano wa [[Baby Gloria]]. Ni mtu wa Uganda. BAsi anapaswa kuingia katika "Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Uganda". Haiko bado. Lakini mara ukiiweka chini ya makala yake, umeshaianzisha. Ukianzisha, unapaswa kuiunganisha katika mfumo wa jamii. Kawaida ungefungua ukurasa wa "Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Uganda". Ndani yake unaweka sasa viungo 2 vya mabano mraba: 1) "Jamii:Wanamuziki nchi kwa nchi" (sasa jamii hii ya wanamuziki wa Uganda itaonekana katika ukurasa wa "Wanamuziki nchi kwa nchi"). 2) Halafu unaweka "Jamii:Watu wa Uganda" na sasa wanamuziki wa Uganda wanaonekana pia hapa. -- Halafu afadhali kuhamisha makala kwa jina lake la kiraia Gloria Mulungi Senyonjo na kusahihisha matini pia. # Lakini kwa idadi kubwa ya nchi tunazo vijamii hivi tayari. Kama haviko, basi anzisha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 14:51, 26 Julai 2022 (UTC) :Asante kwa ufafanuzi apo nimekuelewa na nitawaelekeza na wengine kwa sababu wengi wetu bado hatuna elimu kamili ya hizi jamii. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:27, 26 Julai 2022 (UTC) == Campaigns Product Update #4 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! We are excited to share our updates: *<div style = "text-align:left; color: #192980; font-size: 1em;>'''Event Registration v0'''</div> :We have successfully launched '''Event Registration tool V0''' on beta cluster and collected feedback from the first batch of testers. This tool is part of a more comprehensive organizing solution, the '''Event Center''', which hopes to support movement organizers. Through this registration solution, organizers can collect useful data on campaign participants and their needs while respecting participant privacy. :'''Testing update'''. In our first round of feedback collection, testers were composed of different types of organizers around the movement with a language focus on Arabic, French, English, and Swahili communities. Most of the testers successfully created their test event registrations and signed up for a test event registration created by other organizers. '''''Simple''''', '''''easy to use''''', and '''''aids in managing event participants''''' were the common feedback we received from first-time users. In contrast, access and proper localization of the tool were the points for improvement identified. We are working on V1, which will include '''communication support''' and integration with the [https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/ '''Programs and Event Dashboard''']. This will be released on Meta-Wiki soon. We hope to address accessibility during this launch and improve localization problems once the tool has been deployed in local wikiprojects. :[https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Main_Page ''The tool is still available for testing on the beta cluster'']. Feel free to leave feedback on our project talk page or this [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe53MNV9CKVBAF3SV2q97baufizH7b_2QJ47H1w0Upvoh4QFQ/viewform form]. *<div style = "text-align:left; color: #192980; font-size: 1em;>'''Organizer Lab'''</div> Looking for a way to learn how to effectively organize around sustainability? Join the beta version of the Organizer Lab on WikiLearn to understand how to effectively organize a global campaign around sustainability and climate change! Applications are open from '''September 22 - October 19, 2022'''. The Organizer Lab will be a '''9-week online learning experience from the end of October until mid December''' that prepares participants to obtain knowledge about the topics that they wish to create, a call to action for strategic knowledge gaps, as well as more generalized Wikimedia organizing and campaign/event design skills. :[[m:Campaigns/Organizer_Lab|'''Read more about the program''']]! <br> '''What's Next''': *'''Organizer Lab Information Session'''. We invite you to join our information session for the Organizer Lab on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1664546421 '''September 30, 2022 at 14:00 UTC'''] via '''Zoom'''. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89032870014 ''Join this session!'']<br> *'''Organizer User Rights'''. We are reaching out to a pool of administrators from Arabic, French and Swahili communities to collect feedback on what is the best way to define organizer user rights, what privileges to give to community organizers, and what are the limitations of these privileges. Feel free to reach out to our [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|product ambassadors]] or send an email to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you are interested to be part of these conversations. <br> ---- '''Community Feedback''': <center>''"Participants have been always asking the organizers are asked by participants whether they are registered, now participants will just look directly if they are registered, Thank you for creating the system"'' <br> - French Organizer <br><br> ''“I think that the platform will facilitate the process of promoting events and searching for participants”''<br> - Arabic Organizer </center><br> ---- <br> Thank you! '''The Campaigns Product Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 06:30, 21 Septemba 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23684552 --> :Thank you for the opportunity and i would like to be part of the selected team but how will I apply?. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:09, 22 Septemba 2022 (UTC) == Campaigns Product Team Office Hour - December 2022 == Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|Wikimedia Foundation Campaigns Team]] invites you to join our upcoming office hours. In each session, we will introduce V1 of [[m:Event Center/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], so you can begin '''using it for real events on Meta-wiki'''. <br> In V1, the following new features will be includedː * Support for the organizer to specify an event timezone * Automatic confirmation emails after participants have registered * Private registration: the option for participants to register and only display their registered username to organizers of the event and we will teach you how you can use it yourself. <br> <u>'''Office Hour Sessions''':</u> * '''1st Session''': '''December 5, 2022''' @ '''18:00 UTC''' via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87853269514 Zoom] * '''2nd Session''': '''December 10, 2022''' @ '''12:00 UTC''' via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87853269514 Zoom] :[[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 12|'''''Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!''''']] <br> These office hours will be multilingual, with live interpretations in Arabic, English, French, and Swahili. Email us @ ''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org'' or [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 12|'''sign-up here''']] if you want to receive a reminder for this meeting. <br><br> Thank you. '''The Campaigns Product Team''' <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=24091515 --> == Invitation to organize Feminism and Folklore 2023 == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear {{PAGENAME}}, Christmas Greetings and a Happy New Year 2023, You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2023|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/List of Articles|list]] of suggested articles. Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project: # Create a page for the contest on the local wiki. # Set up a fountain tool or dashboard. # Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes. # Request local admins for site notice. # Link the local page and the fountain/dashboard link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Project Page|meta project page]]. This year we would be supporting the community's financial aid for Internet and childcare support. This would be provided for the local team including their jury and coordinator team. This support is opt-in and non mandatory. Kindly fill in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSea81OO0lVgUBd551iIiENXht7BRCISYZlKyBQlemZu_j2OHQ/viewform this Google form] and mark a mail to [mailto:support@wikilovesfolklore.org support@wikilovesfolklore.org] with the subject line starting as [Stipend] Name or Username/Language. The last date to sign up for internet and childcare aid from our team is 20th of January 2023, We encourage the language coordinators to sign up their community on this link by the 25th of January 2023. Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2023|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance. We look forward to your immense coordination. Thank you and Best wishes, [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023 International Team]] ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 10:11, 24 Desemba 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=24282249 --> == Translations for Wikimania 2023 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi {{ROOTPAGENAME}}, You are receiving this notification because you have listed yourself as a volunteer for Wikimania 2023 either [[m:Wikimania 2023/Volunteers|on Meta]] or [[wikimania:2023:Volunteer|on Wikimania wiki]]. We already have a few pages related to Wikimania 2023 available for translation on Wikimania wiki. Your help with translating these pages in your languages would be highly appreciated. Currently the following pages are available for translation: *[[wikimania:2023:Contact]] *[[wikimania:2023:Expo space]] *[[wikimania:2023:Glossary]] *[[wikimania:2023:Ideas]] *[[wikimania:2023:Ideas/Globe]] *[[wikimania:2023:Organizers]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program]] *[[wikimania:2023:Travel]] *[[wikimania:2023:Updates]] *[[wikimania:2023:Volunteer]] *[[wikimania:2023:Volunteer signup]] *[[wikimania:2023:Wikimania]] *[[wikimania:Template:Wikimania 2023 header]] If you do not want to reiceive further notifications about pages related to Wikimania 2023, which are available for translation, you may remove your name from [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|this list]]. Thanks for your help! --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]]) <small>This message was delivered through [[<tvar name="mass-delivery">Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery</tvar>|Global message delivery]]</small> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:14, 28 Desemba 2022 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ameisenigel@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimania_2023_translations&oldid=24285311 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2022 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentysecond newsletter, covering December 2022. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * January 15: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|Online user group meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Plants|Wiki Loves Plants]] (SDG 15) * [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * [[m:Women_in_Climate_Change_2022|Women in Climate Change 2022]] (SDG 5 & 13) '''News''' * [https://blog.tepapa.govt.nz/2022/11/28/museology-myosotis-and-metadata-oh-my-sharing-sustainably-in-wikipedia/ Museology, Myosotis, and metadata oh my! Sharing sustainably in Wikipedia] (SDG 15) '''Resources''' * New Book: [https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-05182-1 Open Mapping Towards Sustainable Development Goals] (SDG all) '''Videos''' * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t66i3ztg-1E&t=1717s Margaret Donald - Wikidata, OpenRefine & Biota] (SDG 15) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_alismatid_families|List of alismatid families]] (SDG 15) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11231|has biological vector]] (SDG 15) * [[d:Property:P11272|Bureau of Meteorology location ID]] (SDG 13) * [[d:Property:P11277|CIViC gene ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11281|Biographical Dictionary of the Australian Senate ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11282|Tanzania Parliament member ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11311|Lygaeoidea Species File ID]] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 14:37, 1 Januari 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24307628 --> == Translations for Wikimania 2023 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi {{ROOTPAGENAME}}, You are receiving this notification because you have listed yourself as a volunteer for Wikimania 2023 either [[m:Wikimania 2023/Volunteers|on Meta]] or [[wikimania:2023:Volunteer|on Wikimania wiki]] or because you have [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|subscribed on Meta]]. We already have a few pages related to Wikimania 2023 available for translation on Wikimania wiki. Your help with translating the following pages in your languages would be highly appreciated: *[[wikimania:2023:Health]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarship Questions]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships/FAQ]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships/Samples]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships/Travel Scholarship application]] *[[wikimania:2023:Tech Subcommittee]] *[[wikimania:2023:Tech Subcommittee/Request for Proposal]] *[[wikimania:2023:Visas]] If you do not want to reiceive further notifications about pages related to Wikimania 2023, which are available for translation, you may remove your name from [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|this list]]. Thanks for your help! --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]]) <small>This message was delivered through [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]</small> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:50, 22 Januari 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ameisenigel@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimania_2023_translations&oldid=24413464 --> == Request for filling up Google Form for Feminism and Folklore 2023 == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg | logo.svg|right|frameless|300px]] Greetings Organisers, We appreciate your enthusiasm for '''Feminism and Folklore''' and your initiative in setting up the competition on your local wikipedia. We would want to learn more about the needs of your community and for that please fill out the google form ([https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScusayFXTzNWV-QgIiT3bRHQbAs_pVczvput2jehOcahnCdMg/viewform here]) as soon as possible so that we can plan and adapt the demands according to your specifications. By February 8, 2023, all entries for this form will be closed. Do share about the contest on your local Wikipedia. Ask your local administrator to add Feminism and Folklore to [[Mediawiki:Sitenotice]]. Create your own or see an example [[:m:User:Tiven2240/sn-fnf|on meta]] Also a reminder regarding the prior Google form sent for Internet and Childcare Support Financial Aid ([https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSea81OO0lVgUBd551iIiENXht7BRCISYZlKyBQlemZu_j2OHQ/viewform this]). Anyone who hasn't already filled it out has until February 5, 2023 to do so. Feel free to contact us via talkpage if you have any questions or concerns. Thanks and Regards, Feminism and Folklore 2023 International Team '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 30 Januari 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Rockpeterson/wlf2023&oldid=24455456 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentythird newsletter, covering January 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 10, 11, 13, 14 and 16<!-- insert related SDGs here -->.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|19 February - User group meeting]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Meeting_minutes_20230115|15 January - User group meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Plants|Wiki Loves Plants]] (SDG 14) * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Dunedin_5|The 2023 Bug of the Year Edit-a-thon]] (SDG 14) * Past: [https://dicare.toolforge.org/lexemes/challenge.php?id=74 Lexeme challenge Urology] (SDG 3) * Past: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Veckans_tävling/Grodor_versus_ödlor|Swedish Wikipedia weekly challenge - Frogs versus lizards]] (SDG 14) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December_2022/Contents/New_Zealand_report#Three_hundred_episodes_of_Critter_of_the_Week|Three hundred episodes of Critter of the Week]] (SDG 14) * Past: [https://zenodo.org/record/7521891#.Y9p6MdLMKw4 Wikidata Queries around the SARS-CoV-2 virus and pandemic] (SDG 3) * Past: [[m:Women_in_Climate_Change_2022|Women in Climate Change 2022]] (SDG 5 & 13) '''News''' * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/05/the-stories-behind-the-wiki-loves-earth-2022-photos-from-turkiye/ The stories behind the Wiki Loves Earth 2022 photos from Türkiye] (SDG 14) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/01/05/announcing-our-funding-support-from-the-patient-centered-outcomes-research-institute-pcori/ Announcing our funding support from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI)] (SDG 3) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/01/04/jumping-for-science-how-wikipedia-assignments-inspire-stem-students/ Jumping for science: how Wikipedia assignments inspire STEM students] (SDG 14) * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Birds_of_NYC_Photo_Contest/Winners|Birds of NYC Photo Contest Winners announced!]] (SDG 14) * [https://anchor.fm/civichackerpodcast/episodes/Using-Wikidata-to-Connect-Constituents-With-Their-Government-e1or922 Using Wikidata to Connect Constituents With Their Government] (SDG 16) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/23/wiki-loves-earth-2022-presents-the-winners-of-the-special-nomination-human-rights-and-environment/ Wiki Loves Earth 2022 presents the winners of the special nomination “Human rights and environment”!] (SDG 10 & 14) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/19/equity-diversity-inclusion-in-affiliate-governance/ Equity, diversity & inclusion in affiliate governance] (SDG 5 & 10) '''Resources''' * [https://www.databricks.com/blog/2023/01/26/building-life-sciences-knowledge-graph-data-lake.htmlBuilding a Life Sciences Knowledge Graph with a Data Lake] (SDG 3) '''Videos''' * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HW6YxXRL18 Editor uses Wikidata to find new uses for existing drugs and speed up approval process for new treatments] (SDG 3) * [[c:File:WikiForHumanRights_Information_Session_2023.webm|WikiForHumanRights Information Session]] (SDG 10) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_birds_of_Tuvalu|List of birds of Tuvalu]] (SDG 14) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Laos|List of World Heritage Sites in Laos]] (SDG 11) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Bangladesh|List of World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh]] (SDG 11) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11429|NIP]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11402|NSR doctor ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:/Property:P11430|UniProt disease ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11446|Strazha ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11500|United States House of Representatives ID]] (SDG 16) </div> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 16:25, 1 Februari 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24426147 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentyfourth newsletter, covering February 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16<!-- insert related SDGs here -->.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|2023-03-05 User group meeting]] (SDG all) * [[m:2023-03-19 User group meeting|Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[wikimania:2023:Program/Submissions|Suggest "Environmental sustainability and climate crisis" topics for Wikimania]] (SDG all) * Ongoing: [[m:Africa_Environment|Africa Environment WikiFocus]] (SDG 13) * Past: [https://www.eventbrite.com/x/edit-for-climate-change-wikipedia-editathon-registration-526291811977 Edit for Climate Change: Wikipedia Editathon] (SDG 13) * Past: WikiForHumanRights 2023 Campaign: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|Capacity Building Sessions on "Tools for Finding the Right Articles" and "Building Article List with Petscan"]] (SDG 10 & 13) * Past: WikiForHumanRights 2023 Campaign: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Resources|Regional Office Hours for Africa and Maghreb Regions]] (SDG 10 & 13) '''News''' * [https://observablehq.com/@thadk/garden NCBI breakdown of common garden foods with photographs by Phytotheca] (SDG 2) '''Resources''' * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January_2023/Contents/Sweden_report|3000 Arctic images]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January_2023/Contents/Content_Partnerships_Hub_report|SMART-Servier Medical Art upload]] (SDG 3) '''Research''' * [https://fosdem.org/2023/schedule/event/sustainability/ Open Source in Environmental Sustainability] (SDG 13) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11576|Norwegian war prisoner detention camp ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11587|Iowa legislator ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11610|National Grid Balancing Mechanism unit ID]] (SDG 7) '''Wikidata query examples''' * [https://w.wiki/5Vu8 Map of disasters by type] (SDG 11) '''Featured articles''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:South_Asian_river_dolphin|South Asian river dolphin]] (SDG 14) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Sri_Lanka|List of World Heritage Sites in Sri Lanka]] (SDG 11) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_lamiid_families|List of lamiid families]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> File:%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96.jpg|Three horses (SDG 15) File:Hunter_baby_chameleon.jpg|Hunter baby chameleon (SDG 15) File:Rice_paper_butterfly_%2816709%29.jpg|Rice paper butterfly (SDG 15) File:Lasiocampa_quercus_4th_instar_caterpillar_Keila_%28top_view%29.jpg|Lasiocampa quercus 4th instar caterpillar Keila (top view) (SDG 15) File:Lasiocampa_quercus_4th_instar_caterpillar_Keila_%28side_view%29.jpg|Lasiocampa quercus 4th instar caterpillar Keila (side view).jpg (SDG 15) File:Mockingbird_on_the_North_Lake_Trail_%2836851%29.jpg|Mockingbird on the North Lake Trail (SDG 15) File:Striated_Pardalote_0012.jpg|Striated Pardalote (SDG 15) File:Kleines_Wiesenv%C3%B6gelchen_am_Morgen.jpg|Wiesenvögelchen (SDG 15) File:Immature_herring_gull_%2816259%29.jpg|Herring gull (SDG 15) File:Northern_shoveler_male_in_Marine_Park_%2833296%29.jpg|Northern shoveler (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 18:57, 1 Machi 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24647320 --> == Translations for Wikimania 2023 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi {{ROOTPAGENAME}}, You are receiving this notification because you have listed yourself as a volunteer for Wikimania 2023 either [[m:Wikimania 2023/Volunteers|on Meta]] or [[wikimania:2023:Volunteer|on Wikimania wiki]] or because you have [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|subscribed on Meta]]. Your help with translating the following pages on Wikimania wiki in your languages would be highly appreciated: *[[wikimania:2023:Attendees]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program Subcommittee]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program/FAQ]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program/Form Questions]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program/Submissions]] *[[wikimania:2023:Satellite events]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarship Subcommittee]] *[[wikimania:2023:Socialize]] *[[wikimania:2023:Travel Coordination]] If you do not want to reiceive further notifications about pages related to Wikimania 2023, which are available for translation, you may remove your name from [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|this list]]. Thanks for your help! --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]]) <small>This message was delivered through [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]</small> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 09:40, 4 Machi 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ameisenigel@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimania_2023_translations&oldid=24656834 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2023 has been extended == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg | logo.svg|right|frameless|300px]] Greetings Organizers, Greetings from Feminism and Folklore International Team, We are pleased to inform you that [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore]] an international writing contest on your local Wikipedia has been extended till the '''15th of April 2023'''. This is the last chance of the year to write about feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics such as folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more We would like to have your immense participation in the writing contest to document your local Folk culture on Wikipedia. You can also help with the translation of [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|project pages]] and share a word in your local language. Organizers have been notified some instructions on mail. Please get in touch via email if you need any assistance. Best wishes, International Team Feminism and Folklore. --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:28, 30 Machi 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Rockpeterson/wlf2023&oldid=24803574 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentyfifth newsletter, covering March 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 10, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|User group meeting 2023-04-02]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Meeting_minutes_20230305|User group meeting 2023-03-05]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/30/join-the-wikiforhumanrights-campaign-and-contribute-knowledge-that-connects-human-rights-with-solutions-for-a-sustainable-future/ WikiForHumanRights] (SDG 10 & 13) * Upcoming: April 19 - [[m:Translat-a-thon/NYC/2023|LaGuardia Community College Earth Day Translatathon with Casa de las Américas NYC]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: April 22 - [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Earth_Day_2023_Bushwick|Earth Day 2023 Edit-a-thon Environment of Brooklyn Focus with Sure We Can]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: April 23 - [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Earth_Day_Wiknic|Earth Day Wiknic NYC]] (SDG 13) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/WMF_GLAM_report|Gender and culture related event to test image suggestions on Wikipedia]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[m:Feminism_and_Folklore_2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[m:Edit_a_thon/artfeminism-edit-a-thon-for-nigerian-female-artists-2023|Art+Feminism edit-a-thon for Nigerian female artists]] (SDG 5) '''News''' * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/03/08/putting-our-energy-into-wikipedia-as-climate-action/ Putting our energy into Wikipedia as climate action] (SDG 13) * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/07/how-artfeminism-is-using-wikipedia-to-promote-equity-in-the-art-world/ How Art+Feminism is using Wikipedia to promote equity in the art world] (SDG 5) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/New_Zealand_report|Biodiversity Heritage Library and Wikidata]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/USA_report|Black history month and more]] (SDG 10) * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/14/women-do-news-tackling-the-gender-divide-in-journalism-through-wikipedia/ Women Do News: Tackling the Gender Divide in Journalism Through Wikipedia] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/17/wiki-loves-earth-2023-is-starting/ Wiki Loves Earth 2023 is starting!] (SDG 15) * [https://medium.com/@openheritagefoundation/the-quest-to-close-the-gender-gap-on-wikipedia-continues-five-year-anniversary-with-feminism-ebd7a3b3185e The Quest to Close the Gender Gap on Wikipedia Continues; Five-Year Anniversary with Feminism & Folklore] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/28/wikigap-malaysia-2023-empowering-women-in-indigenous-languages/ WikiGap Malaysia 2023: Empowering women in indigenous languages] (SDG 5) * [https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/climate-crisis/wikipedia-has-a-climatetech-problem Wikipedia has a climatetech problem] (SDG 13) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11623|NCI Drug Dictionary ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11649|Malaysia Federal Legislation act ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11650|Moscow University Herbarium ID]] (SDG 15) * [[d:Property:P11666|Norwegian Petroleum Directorate field ID]] (SDG 13) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_Saxifragales_families|List of Saxifragales families]] (SDG 15) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:Red-throated_wryneck|Red-throated wryneck]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> Ourapteryx_yerburii_ssp._specimens_and_male_genitalia.jpg|Ourapteryx yerburii ssp. specimens and male genitalia (SDG 15) Pterophorus_pentadactyla_-_Keila.jpg|Pterophorus pentadactyla (SDG 15) Wood_duck_drake_%2886815%29.jpg|Wood duck drake (SDG 15) Cardinal_%2886755%29.jpg|Cardinal (SDG 15) Bunten_Kronwicke_%28Securigera_varia%29_Bl%C3%BCte-20200626-RM-173640.jpg|Bunten Kronwicke (Securigera varia) (SDG 15) Neubrunn_Steinbruch_Blutrote_Heidelibelle_%28Sympetrum_sanguineum%29_8262082.jpg|Sympetrum sanguineum (SDG 15) Boerenkrokus_%28Crocus_tommasinianus%29_28-02-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Crocus tommasinianus (SDG 15) Papaya_-_longitudinal_section_close-up_view.jpg|Papaya - longitudinal section close-up view (SDG 15) Aphantopus_hyperantus_-_Keila.jpg|Aphantopus hyperantus (SDG 15) Australian_Zebra_Finch_0A2A3013.jpg|Australian Zebra Finch (SDG 15) Melospiza_melodia_JRVdH_03.jpg|Melospiza melodia (SDG 15) Roadside_hawk_%28Rupornis_magnirostris_griseocauda%29_eating_speckled_racer_%28Drymobius_margaritiferus%29_Orange_Walk.jpg|Roadside hawk (Rupornis magnirostris griseocauda) eating speckled racer (Drymobius margaritiferus) (SDG 15) Black_iguana_%28Ctenosaura_similis%29_Cayo.jpg|Black iguana (Ctenosaura similis) (SDG 15) Cerastis_rubricosa_caterpillar_%28side_view%29_-_Keila.jpg|Cerastis rubricosa caterpillar (side view) (SDG 15) Cerastis_rubricosa_caterpillar_%28dorsal_view%29_-_Keila.jpg|Cerastis rubricosa caterpillar (dorsal view) (SDG 15) Fr%C3%BChlings-Knotenblume_%28Leucojum_vernum%29-20230220-RM-161056.jpg|Frühlings-Knotenblume (Leucojum vernum) (SDG 15) Ocellated_turkey_%28Meleagris_ocellata%29_male_Peten.jpg|Ocellated turkey (Meleagris ocellata) male (SDG 15) Geoffroy%27s_spider_monkey_%28Ateles_geoffroyi_yucatanensis%29_Peten_2.jpg|Geoffroy's spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi yucatanensis) (SDG 15) Bessen_van_een_Ophiopogon_planiscapus_%27Niger%27._28-02-2023._%28d.j.b%29.jpg|Ophiopogon planiscapus (SDG 15) Protaetic_cuprea_ignicollis_2023-03-22_IZE-066.jpg|Protaetic cuprea ignicollis (SDG 15) Monarch_butterflies_%28Danaus_plexippus_plexippus%29_Piedra_Herrada_2.jpg|Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus plexippus) (SDG 15) Cepaea_nemoralis_Paarung-20230314-RM-110511.jpg|Cepaea nemoralis (SDG 15) Wiesen_Pippau_%28Crepis_biennis%29-20220624-RM-123950.jpg|Crepis biennis (SDG 15) Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus) on foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) Cayo.jpg|Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus) on foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) (SDG 15) Trifolium_spadiceum_-_Niitv%C3%A4lja.jpg|Trifolium spadiceum (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 07:42, 1 Aprili 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24816279 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2023 has ended, What's Next? == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">{{int:please-translate}} [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|right|350px]] Dear {{PAGENAME}}, '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition has ended. We thank you for organizing it on your local Wikipedia and help in document folk cultures and women in folklore in different regions of the world on Wikipedia. What's next? # Please complete the jury on or before 15th of May 2023. # Email us on [mailto:support@wikilovesfolklore.org support@wikilovesfolklore.org] the Wiki usernames of top three users with most accepted articles in local contest. # Write the information about the winners on the projects Meta Wiki '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Results|Results page]]''' # You can also put the names of the winners on your local project page. # We will be contacting the winners in phased manner for distribution of prizes. Feel free to contact us via mail or [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2023|talkpage]] if you need any help, clarification or assistance. Thanks and regards, '''International Team'''<br /> '''Feminism and Folklore''' </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Rockpeterson/wlf2023&oldid=24803574 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-sixth newsletter, covering April 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 2, 4, 5, 6, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting 2023-05-07]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20230402|User group meeting 2023-04-02]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Join_the_Challenge|WikiForHumanRights 2023 International Writing Contest]] (SDG 13, 14, 6) * Ongoing: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Join_Community_Events|WikiForHumanRights 2023 local community events]] (SDG 13, 15, 14, 6) * Ongoing: [[m:Wiki_Climate_Campus_Tour_Nigeria|WikiCampusTourNigeria Project]] (SDG 6, 13, 14, 15) * Upcoming (and past): [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Skrivstuga/Kvinnor,_arkitektur_och_design|Women, architecture and design]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Albania_report|WikiGap Tirana 2023, Albania]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Brazil_report|BBC 100 women editathon]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Kosovo_report|WikiGAP in Prishtina]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Switzerland_report|15 Days of French women writers]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/DC/TSU_USF_Women%27s_History_Month_Wikipedia_Edit-a-thon|TSU USF Women's History Month Wikipedia Edit-a-thon]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[w:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject_Smithsonian_AWHI/Meetup/Crafting_a_Better_Wikipedia:_Women_of_Color_in_the_Renwick_Gallery|Crafting a Better Wikipedia: Women of Color in the Renwick Gallery]] (SDG 5) '''News''' * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/07/tuswug-s2e2-women-in-wiki/ TUSWUG S2E2: Women in Wiki] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/13/inaugural-edition-of-the-organizer-lab-awards-6-community-grants/ Inaugural edition of the organizer lab awards – 6 community grants] (SDG 5 & SDG 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/03/29/bolstering-womens-voices-and-histories-on-wikipedia/ Bolstering women’s voices and histories on Wikipedia] (SDG 5) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Brazil_report|A huge upload for biologists]] (SDG 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycPPBhuQPhs&ab_channel=WikimediaFoundation WikiForHumanRights 2023 Launch Webinar] (SDG 13, 14, 6) * [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|WikiForHumanRights 2023 and WMF Human Rights Team Online Safety Capacity Building for Organizers]] (SDG 13) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLBSSlrI2vo WikiForHummanRights 2023 and Let's Connect Capacity building on good practices for retention] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/20/living-through-a-triple-planetary-emergency-capturing-the-most-impactful-knowledge-to-weather-the-storm/ Living through a Triple Planetary Emergency: Capturing the Most Impactful Knowledge to Weather the Storm] (SDG 10 & SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/20/wikimedia-foundation-environmental-sustainability-report-for-2022/ Wikimedia Foundation Environmental Sustainability Report for 2022] (SDG 13) * [[:File:Wikimedia_h%C3%A5llbarhetsrapport_2022.pdf|Wikimedia Sverige sustainability report 2022]] (in Swedish) (SDG 13) '''Research''' * [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12964 Hypotheses in urban ecology: building a common knowledge base] (SDG 15) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11698|student retention rate]] (SDG 4) * [[d:Property:P11704|INEP ID]] (SDG 4) [51] * [[d:Property:P11729|Kulturenvanteri.com ID]] (SDG 11) * [[d:Property:P11747|holds diplomatic passport of]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11741|SINTA affiliation ID]] (SDG 4) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_afrosoricids|List of afrosoricids]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> Scarlet_macaw_%28Ara_macao_cyanopterus%29_Copan.jpg|Ara macao cyanopterus (SDG 15) Leptura_quadrifasciata_female_-_Keila.jpg|Leptura quadrifasciata (SDG 15) Bursa_lamarckii_01.jpg|Bursa lamarckii (SDG 15) Scarlet_macaw_%28Ara_macao_cyanopterus%29_head_Copan.jpg|Ara macao cyanopterus (SDG 15) Western_Bowerbird_0A2A0436.jpg|Chlamydera guttata (SDG 15) White-breasted_nuthatch_%2826471%29.jpg|Sitta carolinensis (SDG 15) Patzmannsdorf_-_K%C3%BCrbisfeld_mit_Pfarrkirche_und_Raiffeisen-Silo_in_Stronsdorf.jpg|Pumpkin field (SDG 2) Cinnamon-bellied_flowerpiercer_%28Diglossa_baritula%29_male_on_Indian_shot_%28Canna_indica%29_Finca_El_Pilar.jpg|Diglossa baritula & Canna indica (SDG 15) Knoppen_van_een_esdoorn_%28Acer_platanoides%29._03-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Acer platanoides (SDG 15) Cinnamon_hummingbird_%28Amazilia_rutila%29_in_flight_Los_Tarrales.jpg|Amazilia rutila (SDG 15) Passion_fruits_-_whole_and_halved.jpg|Passiflora edulis (SDG 15) Golden-fronted_%28Velasquez%27s%29_woodpecker_%28Melanerpes_aurifrons%29_male_Copan.jpg|Melanerpes aurifrons (SDG 15) Argiope_spider_female_adult_on_her_web_dorsal_view_black_background_Don_Det_Laos.jpg|Argiope versicolor (SDG 15) Daslook._Allium_ursinum%2C_zwellende_bloemknop._18-04-2022_%28actm.%29_04.jpg|Allium ursinum (SDG 15) Fallen_leaf_of_Platanus_x_hispanica_%281%29.jpg|Platanus x hispanica (SDG 15) Thymelicus_lineola_underside_-_Keila.jpg|Thymelicus lineola (SDG 15) Japanse_esdoorn_%28Acer_palmatum%29_03-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Acer palmatum (SDG 15) [38] Common_kestrel_%28Falco_tinnunculus%29_female_%28IMGP1648r2-DNA%29.jpg|Falco tinnunculus (SDG 15) [39] California_sea_lion_nap_time_in_La_Jolla_%2870474%29.jpg|Zalophus californianus (SDG 15) [40] Bladknop_van_een_esdoorn_%28Acer%29._13-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29_01.jpg|Acer pseudoplatanus (SDG 15) Tamarind_fruits_%28Tamarindus_indica_%27Si_Thong%27%29.jpg|Tamarindus indica (SDG 15) White_leucistic_squirrel_with_a_peanut_%2885668%29.jpg|Sciurus carolinensis (SDG 15) [43] Fork-tailed_flycatcher_%28Tyrannus_savana_monachus%29_in_flight_Cayo.jpg|Tyrannus savana monachus (SDG 15) Rapa_incurva_01.jpg|Rapa incurva (SDG 15) Arboreal_stingless_bee_nest_%28Trigona_sp.%29_Flores.jpg|Trigona sp. (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 19:31, 2 Mei 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24969562 --> == Watumiaji wapya wanaotumia tafsiri kompyuta == Habari Justine, nimeona onyo uliyoandika kwa [[Mtumiaji:Samuel mbabhazi]]. Asante kwa kuwa macho. Ila kuhusu maonyo bila hatua kamili - nashauri utafakari. Mara nyingi sana hao watu hawajibu. Wengine wanarudia mtindo uleule. Ila baada ya siku kadhaa si rahisi kukumbuka kama umeshajadiliana na fulani au la. Au humwoni. Hivyo tuliwahi kushauriana hivyo: ukiwa na uhakika alitumia googe translate, na tokeo ni Kiswahili kibaya (jinsi ilivyo katika makala hiyo) heri kumzuia mchangiaji moja kwa moja, na kumwambia atarudishwa A) akijibu na B) akiendelea kuhariri wa muda katika nafasi yake ya mtumiaji hadi itakapoonekana amezoea. Hapa tumeandaa "'''<nowiki>{{kigezo:zuia tafsiri}}</nowiki>'''" ambako tunaongeza kwa mkono makala yenye kasoo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 01:01, 7 Mei 2023 (UTC) :Asante ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] nimekuelewa '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:20, 10 Mei 2023 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2023 - A Heartfelt Appreciation for Your Impactful Contribution! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeXZaej264LOTM0WQBq9QiGGAC1SWg_pbPByD7gp3sC4j7VKQ/viewform this form] by August 15th, 2023. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2024. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 18:37, 25 Julai 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2023p&oldid=25345565 --> == Organizer Tools Office Hours & Event Discovery Project == ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/fr|Lire ce message en français]])'''; ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/es|Ver este mensaje en español]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/sw|Angalia ujumbe huu kwa Kiswahili]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/ar|إقرأ هذه الرسالة بالعربي]]''') <small> {{int:please-translate}} </small>. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team|The Campaigns team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation has some updates to share with you, which are: We invite you to attend our upcoming community office hours to learn about organizer tools, including the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration|Event registration tool]] (which has [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#September 18, 2023: October office hours & upcoming features|new and upcoming features]]). '''The office hours are on the following dates, and you can join one or both of them:''' *'''Saturday, October 7 at 12:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session A|Register here]]''') **Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Swahili *'''Tuesday, October 10 at 18:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session B|Register here]]'''). **Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Swahili '''We have launched a new project: [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|Event Discovery]]'''. This project aims to make it easier for editors to learn about campaign events. '''We need your help to understand how you would like to discover events on the wikis, so that we can create a useful solution. Please share your feedback on our [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|project talk page]]'''. ; Thank you, and we hope to see you at the upcoming office hours! [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 19:54, 24 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <small>You are receiving this message because you subscribed to this [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|list]]</small> <!-- Message sent by User:EUwandu-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=25632558 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-seventh newsletter, a sort of year-in-review for 2023.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> Dear Wikimedians for Sustainable Development, As we bid farewell to 2023, we reflect on a year that has been an uneven year for our user group. While the journey has been marked by some truly inspiring events, most of our efforts have been largely uncoordinated and the user group hasn't been the support it could have been. Yet, there's a glimmer of hope and a world of potential for 2024. '''Highlights of 2023:''' ;Newsletters Galore: We kicked off the year with zeal, sharing updates and inspiration through four newsletters. The number of things happening in the movement is astounding, but we need to rethink the format of the newsletter going into the next year. ;Growing Strong: The Wikimedians for Sustainable Development family welcomed 33 new members in 2023. Your passion and dedication continue to inspire us, and we look forward to nurturing this community spirit in the year ahead. ;Wikimania Talks: Our voices echoed far and wide at Wikimania, where several members of our community took the virtual stage to share insights and ideas about everything from Wikipedians-in-Residence's to open data. Your contributions showcased our commitment to sustainable development on a global scale. ;Content Creation Magic: Throughout the year, our extended community demonstrated incredible dedication to expanding the knowledge base on Wikipedia. Countless hours were spent creating and curating content that aligns with our mission, contributing to a more sustainable digital ecosystem. ;Campaigning hard: We saw a large variety of campaigns, from writing challenges to editathons. The willingness to experiment with new formats and partners, as well as learning from past efforts, shows great promise for the future. '''Acknowledging Challenges:''' While we celebrate these achievements, we acknowledge that 2023 presented its fair share of challenges. A lack of global coordination reminded us that the road to sustainable development is not always linear. However, it is precisely these challenges that fuel our determination to work together more cohesively in the coming year and proof that the user group is needed. '''Hopeful Anticipation for 2024:''' As we turn the page to 2024, let's carry forward the lessons learned and the successes celebrated. We are optimistic that, with renewed energy and a collective commitment, we will overcome obstacles and create an even more impactful and connected Wikimedians for Sustainable Development community. Here's to a year of collaboration, growth, and making a lasting impact on the world through our shared passion for sustainability. Together, we can turn challenges into opportunities and pave the way for a brighter future. Wishing you all a joyous holiday season and a Happy New Year! Warm regards, [[m:User:Ainali|User:Ainali]], [[m:User:Daniel Mietchen|User:Daniel Mietchen]] PS. We have started writing [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2023|our yearly report]], please add your activities to it. This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 17:43, 1 Januari 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=25817439 --> == Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2024 Writing Competition == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear {{PAGENAME}}, Hope you are doing well, Wishing you a Happy New Year!. We extend a heartfelt invitation to you to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition, which is scheduled to take place from February 1, 2024, to March 31, 2024. This year's edition of Feminism and Folklore will concentrate on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics, aligning with a Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus and featuring a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. This year we have created two new Tools for the Feminism and Folklore project. The tool is called '''Campwiz'''. This tool is created by the international Tech team of Wiki Loves Folkore especially crafted for Feminism and Folklore project. The tool works as same as fountain or dashboard but has extra abilities required for jury and submission of articles. To create a new campaign on Campwiz, organizers to follow these steps: # Go to the tool link: <nowiki>https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/</nowiki> # Select your wiki on which you want to organize the campaign (enter the name or short code, such as "{{CONTENTLANG}}" for {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}}). # Give your campaign a name example "Feminism and Folklore 2024 on {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}})". # Select the start and end dates (note: keep your start date as Feb 1 and end date as March 31). # Provide a description for your campaign (you can briefly describe the campaign in this section). # Make sure to keep the checkboxes ticked for "Allow users to submit articles that were not created but expanded." if you want to use the campaign for expanded articles also. # Keep minimum added bytes as 4000 and minimum added words as 400 and click next. # In the jury section, keep the checkboxes ticked for "Allow jury members to participate in the campaign" and "Prevent jury members from seeing each other's votes." As per your preference. # Under the jury search box, type the username of your jury and click on the "+" button to add; you can add multiple jury members. # Click next to review and then click on save. With this we have also created a '''Missing article tool'''. This tool identifies articles in the English Wikipedia that are absent from your native language Wikipedia. You can customize your selection criteria, and our tool will provide you with a table displaying the missing articles along with suggested titles. You also have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Both tools, the Missing Article Tool and the Campwiz Tool, are now available for public use during the Feminism and Folklore campaign. You can find more information about these tools here: <nowiki>https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/</nowiki> There are also some changes in the rules and criteria's. Please go through the rules below. # '''Minimum Length:''' The expanded or new article should have a minimum of '''''4000 bytes or 400 words''''', ensuring sufficient depth and coverage of the chosen topic. The local organizers are free to choose the minimum length criteria as per needs of their local Wikipedia and must be clearly mention on local project page. # '''Language Quality:''' Articles should not be poorly machine-translated, ensuring that language quality and readability are maintained at a high standard. # '''Timeline of Creation or Expansion:''' The article should be created or expanded between 1 February and 31 March, aligning with the specified contest timeline. # '''Theme Relevance''': Articles should directly address the theme of feminism and folklore, exploring connections between gender, cultural traditions, and intangible heritage. # '''No Orphaned Articles:''' Articles must not be orphaned, meaning they should be linked from at least one other article to ensure visibility within the Wikipedia ecosystem. # '''No Copyright violations:''' There should be no copyright violations, and articles should adhere to local Wikipedia policies on notability, ensuring that the content meets the standards for notability. # '''Adequate references and Citations:''' Each article should include proper references and citations following local Wikipedia policies, ensuring the reliability and credibility of the information presented. Learn more about the contest details and prizes on our project page [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|here]]. Should you require any assistance, please feel free to contact us on our meta talk page or via email. We eagerly anticipate your enthusiastic coordination and participation in Feminism and Folklore 2024. Thank you and Best wishes, '''Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team''' --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 06:51, 18 Januari 2024 (UTC) </div></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=26088038 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-eighth newsletter.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * We have submitted our [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2023|2023 annual report]]. * Upcoming meeting: on [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|9 February]], we'll have a call about roles and responsibilities in the user group. This is an attempt to make more opportunities to engage more of the user groups members in its activities. If you want to help out in some way, but don't know how, this is a meeting for you to get help creating that opportunity. If you know how you would like to help, but don't know how to get started, this is also the meeting for you. ; Other news * New Wikiproject for Climate Change on Basque Wikipedia: [[:eu:Wikiproiektu:Klima aldaketa|Wikiproiektu Klima Aldaketa]] * Climate Justice, Digital Rights and Indigenous Voices international Wikimedia event in Huaraz, Peru 2024: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeDIuZQ61v35y3Q293ZV9YjNWOHsgwvq3t2XjP2cQ0OHG-EPA/viewform Engagement Survey] (closes 2 Feb) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:22, 2 Februari 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26169519 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-ninth newsletter.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * On 9 February, we had a user group meeting on roles and responsibilities ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240209|minutes]]) * Upcoming [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|user group meeting 17 March]] ; Other news * Wiki Loves Earth: Reminder that if you want to [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2024/Organise|organize a local competition]], it is time to get started. (SDG 15 and 14) * Wiki for Human Rights: Reminder that if you would like to [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|organize a local event]], there is support available. (SDG 10) * Study: [https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/650852934/Meier_Wiki_Climate.pdf Using Wikipedia Pageview Data to Investigate Public Interest in Climate Change at a Global Scale] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 10:40, 9 Machi 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26331508 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2024)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:Group photo - Edu Wiki conference 2023, Belgrade, Serbia.jpg|256px|right|thumb|Group photo of the 2023 EduWiki Conference in Belgrade, organized by Wikipedia & Education User Group]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;"> '''Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#Affiliate_Recognition_and_Derecognition|Recognition of Cyprus, Botswana, Niger, and Telugu user groups]] '''Affiliate Activities Report''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#Affiliate_Activities_Report|Reports from Belgium, South African, and Ukrainian chapters]] '''AffCom Movement Contribution''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement with the new Affiliates Strategy and Movement Charter drafts]] '''AffCom Administration''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#AffCom_Administration|New AffCom members and advisors]] </div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:56, 18 Aprili 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=26293156 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtieth newsletter covering March and April 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 13, 14 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * * Upcoming [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|user group meeting 19 May]] ; Other news * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2024-03-29/Recent_research#Other_recent_publications|Wikipedia Signpost highlighted five papers about climate change editing]]. (SDG 13) * On Wikidata, [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Climate_Change/Models#Emissions|a model for documenting green house gas emissions]] has been created. (SDG 13) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/EPA_Victoria_WiR_April_2024_Update An update] from the Wikipedian in Residence at the Environment Protection Authority in Victoria, Australia. * WikiAcción Perú organized a training session: "[[m:Volunteer Supporters Network/VSN Training: Climate Change Actions and Wikimedia Movement|Climate Change Actions and Wikimedia Movement]]" (SDG 13) * WikiForHumanRights organized a session: "[[m:Event:Adding Sustainability Perspectives to Wikivoyage|Adding Sustainability Perspectives to Wikivoyage]]" ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2024|Wiki Loves Earth]], the international photo contest of protected nature, starts in May. (SDG 14 & 15) * [[m:Wiki For Climate Change 2024 - Maghreb region|Wiki For Climate Change 2024 - Maghreb region]] starts in May. (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 19:17, 1 Mei 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26428292 --> == Ukumbusho kuhusu kupiga kura sasa ili kuchagua washiriki wa U4C ya awamu ya kwanza == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Unaweza kupata ujumbe huu ukiwa umetafsiriwa katika lugha za ziada kwenye Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Ndugu Mwanawikimedia, Unapokea ujumbe huu kwa sababu hapo kabla uliwahi kushiriki katika mchakato wa UCoC. Huu ni ukumbusho kwamba kipindi cha kupiga kura kwa Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C) kitamalizika tarehe 9 Mei 2024. Soma maelezo kwenye [[Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|ukurasa wa kupiga kura kwenye Meta- wiki]] ili kupata maelezo zaidi kuhusu upigaji kura na ustahiki wa mpiga kura. Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C) ni kikundi cha kimataifa kilichojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Wanajamii walialikwa kutuma maombi yao kwa U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, tafadhali [[Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|pitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe wanajumuiya wenzako ili nao waweze kushiriki. Kwa niaba ya timu ya mradi wa UCoC,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 22:54, 2 Mei 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_3&oldid=26721208 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtyfirst newsletter, covering May 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 13, 14 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting]], 16 June * [[m:Talk:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development#Mini_report_from_the_Wikimedia_Summit_2024|Mini report from the Wikimedia Summit 2024]] * [https://wikipediapodden.se/jan-ainali-wikimedians-for-sustainable-development-wikimedia-summit-2024-265/ User group representative interviewed by Wikipediapodden] at Wikimedia Summit ([[:File:WP265 - Jan Ainali, Wikimedians for Sustainable Development, Wikimedia Summit 2024.mp3|commons]]) * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240519|Minutes from user group meeting in May]] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/05/02/reflecting-_women-for-sustainability-africa-arts-feminism-her-voice-campaign-2023/ Reflecting _Women For Sustainability Africa Arts + Feminism #Her Voice Campaign 2023] * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2024/Contents/Macedonia report|Macedonia report: Climate change and GLAM]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2024/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library April monthly highlights]] (SDG 14 & 15) * [https://www.nature.com/articles/d44148-024-00166-y WikiProject Biodiversity featured in Nature Africa] (SDG 14 & 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fFWS7hfetZk Wikimedia UK releases a video about their climate focus] (SDG 13) ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2024|Wiki Loves Earth]], the international photo contest of protected nature, continues in some countries. (SDG 14 & 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 13:18, 1 Juni 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26852366 --> == Submission Deadline for Winners' Information Feminism and Folklore 2024 == Dear Organiser/Jury, Thank you for your invaluable contribution to the Feminism and Folklore writing competition. As a crucial part of our jury/organising team, we kindly request that you submit the information of the winners on [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Results|our winners' page]]. Please ensure this is done by '''June 7th, 2024'''. Failure to meet this deadline will result in your wiki being ineligible to receive the local prize for Feminism and Folklore 2024. If you require additional time due to a high number of articles or need assistance with the jury task, please inform us via email or the project talk page. The International Team of Feminism and Folklore will not be responsible for any missed deadlines. Thank you for your cooperation. Best regards, '''The International Team of Feminism and Folklore''' <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf20242&oldid=26865458 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtysecond newsletter, covering June 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 13, 14, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Movement Charter Vote|User group vote on the adoption of the Movement Charter]] (closes 7 July 23.59 UTC) * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Upcoming user group meeting]] 21 July * User group meeting held in June - [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240616|minutes]] * The group was featured in the latest WikiAfrica Hour: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B6VI20qopk #36: Does the Wikimedia movement contribute to the SDGs?] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/06/18/stories-from-the-anti-disinformation-repository-how-wikiproject-covid-19-and-other-wikimedia-initiatives-counter-health-disinformation/ Stories from the anti-disinformation repository: How WikiProject COVID-19 and other Wikimedia initiatives counter health disinformation] (SDG 3) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/Environment_Centre_NT_Wikipedian_in_Residence Environment Centre Northern Territory Wikipedian in Residence] (SDG 15) * [https://www.gp.se/debatt/med-ai-kan-vi-oka-transparensen-om-foretagens-klimatavtryck.2dd4e006-57e3-4534-a0be-70ca56a289e4 With AI can we increase transparency of companies' carbon footprints] (in Swedish). Op-ed that mentions that the greenhouse gas emissions of the top 150 companies on the Stockholm stock exchange has been uploaded to Wikidata. The model is documented on [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Climate_Change/Models#Emissions|WikiProject Climate Change on Wikidata]]. (SDG 13) * [[wmfblog:2024/06/25/another-year-in-review-where-is-wikimedia-in-the-climate-crisis-seeing-the-impact-of-wikimedia-projects/|Another Year in Review: Where is Wikimedia in the Climate Crisis? Seeing the impact of Wikimedia Projects]] (SDG 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2024/06/24/46-scholars-self-advocates-bring-knowledge-to-wikipedias-disability-healthcare-content/ 46 scholars, self-advocates bring knowledge to Wikipedia’s disability healthcare content] (SDG 3) * [[c:File:Wikimedia klimatpåverkansrapport 2023.pdf|Wikimedia Sverige publishes their 2023 climate impact report]] (in Swedish) (SDG 13) * WikiProject Govdirectory has started [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Weekly collaboration|weekly collaboration on countries]] (SDG 16) ; Events * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/06/18/wikimedia-chapters-and-groups-organise-the-first-sharks-and-rays-wikimarathon/ Wikimedia chapters and groups organise the first Sharks and Rays Wikimarathon] (29 June, but edits in the weeks after are welcome) (SDG 14) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 09:27, 1 Julai 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27039469 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Affiliations Committee News (April-June 2024)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:Wikimedia-Summit-2024-Friday-128.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom group photo at Wikimedia Summit 2024 in Berlin, Germany]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 2|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 2}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliates Strategy Updates: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Affiliate Strategy Updates|Adoption of a new affiliate health criteria and changes to User Groups recognition process]] Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Madagascar, Senegal, Republic of Congo, and Namibia user groups]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Six active conflicts, no new reports for Q4]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at Wikimedia Summit and ESEAP Conference]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#AffCom_Administration|Officers elections and departing members]] Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Upcoming AffCom Events|AffCom at Wikimania 2024]] </div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 15:30, 15 Julai 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=27021225 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty third newsletter, covering July 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 5, 10, 13, and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting held in July, [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240721|minutes]] * Next user group meeting will be 18 August ; Other news * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2024/Contents/Macedonia report|Climate change editahon and workshop in Macedonia]] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/16/wikiforhumanrights-in-nigeria-2024-campaign-virtual-launch/ WikiForHumanRights in Nigeria 2024 Campaign Virtual Launch] (SDG 10&16) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/16/what-we-learned-from-wiki-women-in-red-8-campaign-2023-women-for-sustainability-africa/ What we Learned from Wiki Women In Red @8 Campaign 2023 Women for Sustainability Africa] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/17/ghanaian-wikipedians-set-to-educate-students-on-open-climate/ Ghanaian Wikipedians set to educate students on Open Climate] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/23/using-wikipedia-as-a-tool-for-climate-action/ Using Wikipedia as a Tool for Climate Action] (SDG 13) ; Events * 5th August, [[m:Event:Wiki-Green_Conference_2024 Wiki-Green Conference]] (SDG 13) * 7-10 August, Wikimania - [[wikimania:2024:Program/SDG_related_sessions|All SDG related sessions]] * 7-9 November, [https://wikimedia.org.ar/2024/07/03/justicia-climatica-voces-indigenas-y-plataformas-wikimedia/ Justicia climática, voces indígenas y plataformas Wikimedia] (SDG 13) ; Participate * Share an example of a successful [[m:Campaigns/WikiProjects|WikiProject or topical collaboration]] in this on-wiki survey This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 18:57, 1 Agosti 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27042528 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDGs 5, 11, 15, and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20240915|Next user group meeting]], 15 September, will be focused on starting to develop a strategy for the group. If you cannot attend, you can leave your input on [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Strategy 2030/Ideas|the ideas page]]. * User group meeting held in August ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240818|minutes]]) ; Other news * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/New Zealand report|Report from WikiProject International Botanical Congress 2024]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/Switzerland report|Meeting for Writing on Femenist Strikes and Wiki for Peace Camp St. Imier]] (SDG 5 & 16) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]] (SDG 15) * Wikimania had a lot of [[wikimania:2024:Program/SDG_related_sessions|SDG related sessions]] and you can watch them back now ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2024|Wiki Loves Monuments]] starts in September (SDG 11) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 06:24, 2 Septemba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27262444 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - September 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240915|User group meeting held in September on strategy for the group]] ; Other news * [[m:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2024/Submissions/Building a sustainable Wikimedia movement: A contribution from the CEE region|Building a sustainable Wikimedia movement: A contribution from the CEE region]], presentation at CEE meeting. ([https://www.youtube.com/live/iB3KNFtA4xI?t=6739 YouTube]) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/09/30/all-about-wiki-green-conference-2024/ All About Wiki-Green Conference 2024] (SDG 13) ; Events * Course: [https://wikiedu.org/courses/global-approaches-to-climate-finance-4/ Global Approaches to Climate Finance] by WikiEdu (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:26, 1 Oktoba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27437535 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Affiliations Committee News (July-September 2024)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:Wikimania 2024 - Lviv - Day 3 - AffCom meets community.webm|256px|right|thumb|AffCom session at Wikimania 2024]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 3|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 3}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliates Strategy Update: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Affiliate Strategy Updates|Implementation status of a new affiliate health criteria and changes to User Groups recognition process]] Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Togo, Wayúu, and Singapore user groups]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at Wikimania]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Results of the officers elections]] Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Upcoming AffCom Events|AffCom at WikiIndaba and a strategy meetup]] Other Movement News: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Other_Movement_News|Regional conferences, mental health support, and new committee support inbox]]</div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 15:55, 7 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=27273724 --> == Feminism and Folklores 2024 Organizers Feedback == Dear Organizer, [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | right | frameless]] We extend our heartfelt gratitude for your invaluable contributions to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2024 Feminism and Folklore 2024]. Your dedication to promoting feminist perspectives on Wikimedia platforms has been instrumental in the campaign's success. To better understand your initiatives and impact, we invite you to participate in a short survey (5-7 minutes). Your feedback will help us document your achievements in our report and showcase your story in our upcoming blog, highlighting the diversity of [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore] initiatives. Click to participate in the [https://forms.gle/dSeoDP1r7S4KCrVZ6 survey]. By participating in the By participating in the survey, you help us share your efforts in reports and upcoming blogs. This will help showcase and amplify your work, inspiring others to join the movement. The survey covers: #Community engagement and participation #Challenges and successes #Partnership Thank you again for your tireless efforts in promoting [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore]. Best regards,<br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 14:23, 26 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> ==Wanabaiskeli== Ndugu, asante kwa kupitia makala za wenzetu. Unanipunguzia sana kazi. Ila niseme mawili: 1. "Alizaliwa" katika mabano ya mwanzo linafaa kama mtu ni hai bado. Lakini kama ameshafariki dunia, uwepo wa tarehe mbili unamaanisha tayari kuwa moja ni ya kuzaliwa, ya pili ni ya kufa. Ndivyo ilivyo katika vitabu. 2. Sasa makala za <nowiki>[[jamii:wanamichezo wa Italia]]</nowiki> zimekuwa nyingi na zinaendelea kutungwa (wamefikia herufi C!). Naona afadhali kuanzisha jamii mpya kwa watu wa baiskeli tu. Kwa mfano <nowiki>[[jamii:wanabaiskeli wa Italia]]</nowiki> au <nowiki>[[jamii:waendeshabaiskeli wa Italia]]</nowiki>. Unaonaje? Aamani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:53, 27 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) :Habari ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], Naendelea kujifunza kazi za wakabidhi kutoka kwako, Kuhusu jamii nakubaliana na wewe tuanzishe jamii ya <nowiki>[[jamii:waendeshabaiskeli wa Italia]]</nowiki>. Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:02, 27 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Upcoming meeting]], 24 November, 17.00 UTC ; Other news * Talk at WikiIndaba: [[m:WikiIndaba 2024/Proposal/Wikimedian collaboration in human knowledge: Wiki For Climate Change in the Maghreb region|Wikimedian collaboration in human knowledge: Wiki For Climate Change in the Maghreb region]] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/10/17/championing-inclusion-in-the-wikimedia-movement-africa-wiki-women-presentation-at-the-wiki-niger-conference/ Championing Inclusion in the Wikimedia Movement: Africa Wiki Women Presentation at the Wiki Niger Conference] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/10/25/mountains-birds-and-lakes-wiki-loves-earth-2024-central-asia-edition/ Mountains, Birds and Lakes: Wiki Loves Earth 2024 – Central Asia Edition] (SDG 15) ; Events * November 6, 12 and 21: [https://universityofexeter.zoom.us/meeting/register/tJAkdeqrrzMoGdEeMYlR6q0A7QMHwwwM2VIZ#/registration Climate Change & Health in the UK - Wikipedia workshop] (SDG 3 and 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:01, 1 Novemba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27587619 --> == [Reminder] Apply for Cycle 3 Grants by December 1st! == Dear Feminism and Folklore Organizers, We hope this message finds you well. We are excited to inform you that the application window for Wikimedia Foundation's Cycle 3 of our grants is now open. Please ensure to submit your applications by December 1st. For a comprehensive guide on how to apply, please refer to the Wiki Loves Folklore Grant Toolkit: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_Grant_Toolkit Additionally, you can find detailed information on the Rapid Grant timeline here: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid#Timeline We appreciate your continuous efforts and contributions to our campaigns. Should you have any questions or need further assistance, please do not hesitate to reach out: '''support@wikilovesfolkore.org''' Kind regards, <br> On behalf of the Wiki Loves Folklore International Team. <br> [[User:Joris Darlington Quarshie | Joris Darlington Quarshie]] ([[User talk:Joris Darlington Quarshie|talk]]) 08:39, 9 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == References == Only pair of them you did: *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Digamma&diff=1362374&oldid=1362353 *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sampi&diff=1362376&oldid=1362350 You forgot the rest, I already did them all. '''[[Mtumiaji:JeribaShiganu|JeribaShiganu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:JeribaShiganu|majadiliano]])''' 09:33, 11 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Thank you for your help , really appreciate it! '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:17, 11 Novemba 2024 (UTC) == Bans == [[Maalum:Michango/JeribaShiganu]] someone called "masti" '''mindlessly''' banned globally my main account basically for nothing! Please tell him to unblock my main account '''ASAP'''! He presumed prevention of "abuse" of dead corpse like in case of Kipala or something similar. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|Jeriba$higanu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|majadiliano]])''' 19:10, 19 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :I'm sorry to hear about this situation. Unfortunately, I'm unable to assist with issues related to English Wikipedia. I recommend reaching out to an English Wikipedia administrator, such as [[user:Doc James]], for help with your account. They may be able to better address your concerns. Best of luck! '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 02:24, 20 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::This is '''NOT''' English Wikipedia, but '''META WIKIMEDIA'''. Purely hostile site for newbies and anons. Look how this "masti" behaves! He does blanket bans of all vandals and non-vandals, especially here: ::https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:PETER_MUKARIA_MOHAMED5&action=history ::Vandals are obviously ONLY ...mukaria... and other decimeter-long named accounts, and good faith editors are short temporary accounts of ~2024-XXXXX type, all of them got indiscriminate global bans! I did some investigation and I feel that ~2024-XXXXX temporary account name '''SIMILARITY''' tricks "masti" to blanket ban of them all, regardless of what they do, all because of blanket prejudice of "masti" against them all originating from this page: ::https://no.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grefsen&action=history ::This "masti" belongs to global wiki patrollers, which are recently troublesome, as explained here: ::https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Riccardo_Riccioni&oldid=1365574#Malicious_foreign_patrollers ::Even one of these META troublemakers got banned here permanently: ::https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu/block&page=Mtumiaji%3APmlineditor ::They can say various prejudicial things about longterm sexual "abuse" and similar, do NOT believe them. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|Jeriba$higanu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|majadiliano]])''' 09:43, 20 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::Example: [[w:it:Speciale:Contributi/Ole_El_Toro_Carajo]] innocent newbie account globally blocked for allegedly being some abuser against children. It is "abuse" word itself in his last edits, which triggered steward action, even if edits were innocent. Pure PARANOIA. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|Jeriba$higanu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|majadiliano]])''' 15:54, 24 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::Today EPIC globally blocked several local users for PAEDOPHILIA (long term abuse) 1oo% SPURIOUS! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-14304|&#126;2025-14304]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-14304|talk]]) 19:19, 31 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Page protections == Generally, all former page protections are because of IP editors, which are '''NO''' longer technically possible to act here because of general switch to '''temporary account names'''. Since 99% of Greek letters are '''UNPROTECTED''', can you please unprotect both '''[[Digamma]]''' and '''[[Pai (herufi)]]''', so "Angalia Chanzo" will become "Hariri Chanzo"? These two ones being protected permanently are nothing but some mistake from the distant past, since NO vandalisms on remaining Greek letters were ever there since at least one decade. By the way, we already cover now all 32 extant Greek letters.[[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-12284|&#126;2024-12284]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-12284|talk]]) 10:21, 13 Novemba 2024 (UTC) FYI: already done, these were weird exceptions to all Greek letters. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|Jeriba$higanu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|majadiliano]])''' 10:40, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) I repaired some medical references by eliminating RED STRING error messages, by the way, please do '''NOT''' use blanket reverts, always please write in edit summary REVERT REASON. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-12284|&#126;2024-12284]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-12284|talk]]) 10:57, 13 Novemba 2024 (UTC) == [[Mtumiaji:SpesBona/ukurasa wa majaribio]] == Dear Justine Msechu, please help and proof read this template, which I tried to translate into Swahili. Thank you and have a nice weekend! '''[[Mtumiaji:SpesBona|SpesBona]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SpesBona|majadiliano]])''' 14:40, 16 Novemba 2024 (UTC) Hello Justine Msechu, I need your help by translating these words into Swahili: :* Batting style :* Bowling style :* International information :* National side :* Test debut (Test cricket) :* Last test :* Only :* One Day International (ODI) :* ODI debut :* Last ODI :* Cap :* Shirt :* Twenty20 (Twenty Twenty) :* Twenty20 International :* Domestic team information :* Years :* Team :* Umpiring information :* Tests umpired :* ODIs umpired :* T20Is umpired :* FC umpired (First-class cricket) :* LA umpired (List A cricket) :* Career statistics :* Competition :* Matches :* Runs scored :* Batting average :* 100s (Century) :* 50s (Fifty) :* Top score :* Balls bowled :* Wickets :* Bowling average :* 5 wickets in an innings :* 10 wickets in a match :* Best bowling (figures) :* Catches/stumpings These terms are for the Swahili version of [[Kigezo:Infobox cricketer]] which I really want to use in cricket articles. I really appreciate your help! Peace. '''[[Mtumiaji:SpesBona|SpesBona]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SpesBona|majadiliano]])''' 12:45, 19 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Dear Justine Msechu, please help me with [[Mtumiaji:SpesBona/ukurasa wa majaribio]]. Are any of the words I tried to translate on that page correct (column Google Translate or ChatGPT)? If not, do you want to correct them? Please let met know, I want to improve articles about cricketers on Swahili with this infobox (like I do with politicans). Peace to you! '''[[Mtumiaji:SpesBona|SpesBona]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SpesBona|majadiliano]])''' 21:55, 27 Novemba 2024 (UTC) == Wajibu == Ni hekima na busara gani utende ili uonekane unatenda wajibu kwa haki kwa watu unaowaongoza? Naomba msaada wa hoja angalau tatu na zaidi '''[[Mtumiaji:DAMIANO PETRO S|DAMIANO PETRO S]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:DAMIANO PETRO S|majadiliano]])''' 21:48, 24 Novemba 2024 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 8, 12, 13, 15, 16 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting, 24 November ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20241124|minutes]]) * We are working on our [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|annual plan for 2025]], please add activities that you would like to work on. ; Other news * [[m:Event:CEE Catch up Nr. 8 (November 2024)|CEE Catch up Nr. 8 with a sustainability theme]] * [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Wikiconcurso Justiça Climática e Amazônia|Wikiconcurso Justiça Climática e Amazônia]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October_2024/Contents/New_Zealand_report#nz-edit|Report from New Zealand Species Edit-a-thons]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October_2024/Contents/Macedonia_report#vvc|Report from climate change editing workshop in Macedonia]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November_2024/Contents/Croatia_report|DeGrowth in November with students, artists and academics in Croatia]] (SDG 8&12) * The new [[mw:Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#November_2024:_Production_deployment_and_security_review_complete|Charts extension has been enabled on Wikimedia Commons]]. It's time to start bringing all your local sustainability related charts over there! (SDG 17) ; Events * Ongoing: [[m:Event:Bridging Climate Literacy Gaps through Wikimedia projects in Ogoni Land Rivers|Bridging Climate Literacy Gaps through Wikimedia projects in Ogoni Land Rivers]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:Event:Financiamiento climático en Wikipedia|Financiamiento climático en Wikipedia]] (SDG 13) * Just started: [[m:Event:African Legislators in Red|African Legislators in Red]] (SDG 16) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 19:29, 1 Desemba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27830533 --> == [Workshop] Identifying Win-Win Relationships with Partners for Wikimedia == Dear Recipient,<br> We are excited to invite you to the third workshop in our Advocacy series, part of the Feminism and Folklore International Campaign. This highly anticipated workshop, titled <b>"Identifying Win-Win Relationships with Partners for Wikimedia,"</b> will be led by the esteemed Alex Stinson, Lead Program Strategist at the Wikimedia Foundation. Don't miss this opportunity to gain valuable insights into forging effective partnerships. ===Workshop Objectives=== * <b>Introduction to Partnerships: </b>Understand the importance of building win-win relationships within the Wikimedia movement. * <b>Strategies for Collaboration: </b>Learn practical strategies for identifying and fostering effective partnerships. * <b>Case Studies:</b> Explore real-world examples of successful partnerships in the Wikimedia community. * <b>Interactive Discussions: </b>Engage in discussions to share experiences and insights on collaboration and advocacy. ===Workshop Details=== 📅 Date: 7th December 2024<br> ⏰ Time: 4:30 PM UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1733589000 Check your local time zone])<br> 📍 Venue: Zoom Meeting ===How to Join:=== Registration Link: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Event:Identifying_Win-Win_Relationships_with_Partners_for_Wikimedia <br> Meeting ID: 860 4444 3016 <br> Passcode: 834088 We welcome participants to bring their diverse perspectives and stories as we drive into the collaborative opportunities within the Wikimedia movement. Together, we’ll explore how these partnerships can enhance our advocacy and community efforts. Thank you, Wiki Loves Folklore International Team [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 07:34, 03 December 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == Friday 13-th == Several LOCAL established accounts were allegedly for [[w:en:sexual abuse]] WRONGLY globally banned by stewards on 2024-December, Friday 13-th. At least annoying foreign patrollers receive their permanent bans as well. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27458|&#126;2024-27458]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27458|talk]]) 12:46, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) UPDATE: their BAN-ana is manually revoked LATER, but they at least for one day felt how it is to be on receiving end. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-28356|&#126;2024-28356]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-28356|talk]]) 19:23, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == U4C Notification == Hello Justine Msechu,<br /> You are named in a recently filed request to the [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]]. Please review the request at [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] You are requested to enter your statement and any other material you wish to submit, so that the U4C can get a better overview of the situation. All writing should be complete, but also as concise as possible. Please ensure that you make all comments in your own section and in the discussion section only. If the U4C makes a decision, this will be binding for you and so your participation is recommended. Please do not reply here, but on the linked case page, or on the associated talk page. If you would like to contact the U4C directly, you will find an e-mail address [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee#How_to_contact_U4C|here]]. Please use the email only if privacy is necessary (e.g. personal information). Best, On behalf of the U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 10:21, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ;(tafsiri otomatiki) :Hujambo Justine Msechu, :Ulitajwa katika ombi lililowasilishwa hivi majuzi kwa Kamati ya Uratibu ya Kanuni za Maadili ya Jumla [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] (U4C). Tafadhali kagua ombi lako kwenye [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] :Unaombwa kuweka taarifa yako na nyenzo nyingine yoyote unayotaka kuwasilisha, ili U4C iweze kuelewa vyema hali hiyo. Maandishi yote yanapaswa kuwa kamili, lakini pia kwa ufupi iwezekanavyo. Hakikisha umechapisha maoni yote katika sehemu yako na sehemu ya majadiliano pekee. Ikiwa U4C itafanya uamuzi, itakulazimu na kwa hivyo tunapendekeza ushiriki. :Tafadhali usijibu hapa, lakini kwenye ukurasa wa kesi uliounganishwa au ukurasa wa mazungumzo unaohusishwa. Ikiwa ungependa kuwasiliana na U4C moja kwa moja, utapata barua pepe hapa. Tafadhali tumia barua pepe tu ikiwa unahitaji faragha (k.m. maelezo ya kibinafsi). :Karibuni sana, :Kwa niaba ya kamati ya U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 10:21, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :As an individual I encourage you to please participate in the next 3-5 days. (Kama mtu binafsi ninakuhimiza tafadhali ushiriki katika siku 3-5 zijazo.) '''[[Mtumiaji:Barkeep49|Barkeep49]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Barkeep49|majadiliano]])''' 01:47, 9 Januari 2025 (UTC) Thou will REGRET all SYSOP-ONLY page protections when WMF desysop thee: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu?type=protect&user=Justine+Msechu [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-10150|&#126;2025-10150]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-10150|talk]]) 12:11, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Stewards from time to time globally lock local established users like [[Maalum:Michango/Resnick-mike|this one]] out of their accounts for some alleged "long term sexual abuse". It seems that SWAHILI both sysops and users are under siege from WMF. Pure colonialist approach. They still do not dare to do this to local sysops, but they feel that doing this to local users can be done with impunity. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-13765|&#126;2025-13765]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-13765|talk]]) 10:02, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Editing roles == I only correct technical errors after EDITATHON newbies like [[Maalum:Michango/Jossy27]], nothing more. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 07:51, 26 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :Thank you for clarification. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:01, 27 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 in Your Country == [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless]] Dear Team, My name is Joris Darlington Quarshie (user: Joris Darlington Quarshie), and I am the Event Coordinator for the Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 (WLF) International campaign. Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 is a photographic competition aimed at highlighting folk culture worldwide. The annual international photography competition is held on Wikimedia Commons between the 1st of February and the 31st of March. This campaign invites photographers and enthusiasts of folk culture globally to showcase their local traditions, festivals, cultural practices, and other folk events by uploading photographs to Wikimedia Commons. As we celebrate the seventh anniversary of Wiki Loves Folklore, the international team is thrilled to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and organizations worldwide to host a local edition in their respective countries. This is an opportunity to bring more visibility to the folk culture of your region and contribute valuable content to the internet. * Please find the project page for this year’s edition at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2025 * To sign up and organize the event in your country, visit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2025/Organize If you wish to organize your local edition in either February or March instead of both months, feel free to let us know. In addition to the photographic competition, there will also be a Wikipedia writing competition called Feminism and Folklore, which focuses on topics related to feminism, women's issues, gender gaps, and folk culture on Wikipedia. We welcome your team to organize both the photo and writing campaigns or either one of them in your local Wiki edition. If you are unable to organize both campaigns, feel free to share this opportunity with other groups or organizations in your region that may be interested. * You can find the Feminism and Folklore project page here: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025 * The page to sign up is: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025/Project_Page For any questions or to discuss further collaboration, feel free to contact us via the Talk page or email at support@wikilovesfolklore.org. If your team wishes to connect via a meeting to discuss this further, please let us know. We look forward to your participation in Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 and to seeing the incredible folk culture of your region represented on Wikimedia Commons. Sincerely, The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 08:50, 27 December 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-eighth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 10, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting in December ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20241229|minutes]]) * We have adopted an [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|annual plan for 2025]]! ; Other news * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_hWBwaQxaw Lightning talk by Adam Harangzo - National Institute for Health and Care Research on Wikipedia] (SDG 3&13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/12/11/top-photos-of-the-special-nomination-human-rights-and-environment-from-wiki-loves-earth-2024%f0%9f%a4%9d/ Top photos of the special nomination “Human Rights and Environment” from Wiki Loves Earth 2024!] (SDG 10&15) * [https://www.wikimedia.nz/nz-species-editathon-recap/ Two days, 15 editors, 750 edits] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/12/28/a-peekaboo-into-our-butterflying-trip-from-the-amazon-of-the-east/ A Peekaboo Into Our Butterflying Trip from the Amazon of the East] (SDG 15) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2024/12/27/brooklyn-college-students-bring-ecology-course-content-to-wikipedia/ Brooklyn College students bring ecology course content to Wikipedia] (SDG 13&15 * [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/09636625241268890 Declaring crisis? Temporal constructions of climate change on WikipediaDeclaring crisis? Temporal constructions of climate change on Wikipedia] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 08:04, 2 Januari 2025 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27983472 --> == Invitation to Organise Feminism and Folklore 2025 == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"><em>{{int:please-translate}}</em></div> Dear {{PAGENAME}}, My name is [[User:SAgbley|Stella Agbley]], and I am the Event Coordinator for the Feminism and Folklore 2025 (FnF) International campaign. We're thrilled to announce the Feminism and Folklore 2025 writing competition, held in conjunction with Wiki Loves Folklore 2025! This initiative focuses on enriching Wikipedia with content related to feminism, women's issues, gender gaps, and folk culture. === Why Host the Competition? === * Empower voices: Provide a platform for discussions on feminism and its intersection with folk culture. * Enrich Wikipedia: Contribute valuable content to Wikipedia on underrepresented topics. * Raise awareness: Increase global understanding of these important issues. === Exciting Prizes Await! === We're delighted to acknowledge outstanding contributions with a range of prizes: **International Recognition:** * 1st Prize: $300 USD * 2nd Prize: $200 USD * 3rd Prize: $100 USD * Consolation Prizes (Top 10): $50 USD each **Local Recognition (Details Coming Soon!):** Each participating Wikipedia edition (out of 40+) will offer local prizes. Stay tuned for announcements! All prizes will be distributed in a convenient and accessible manner. Winners will receive major brand gift cards or vouchers equivalent to the prize value in their local currency. === Ready to Get Involved? === Learn more about Feminism and Folklore 2025: [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025 Feminism and Folklore 2025] Sign Up to Organize a Campaign: [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025/Project_Page Campaign Sign-Up Page] === Collaboration is Key! === Whether you choose to organize both photo and writing competitions (Wiki Loves Folklore and Feminism and Folklore) or just one, we encourage your participation. If hosting isn't feasible, please share this opportunity with interested groups in your region. === Let's Collaborate! === For questions or to discuss further collaboration, please contact us via the Talk page or email at support@wikilovesfolklore.org. We're happy to schedule a meeting to discuss details further. Together, let's celebrate women's voices and enrich Wikipedia with valuable content! Thank you, **Wiki Loves Folklore International Team** </div> </div> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) 23:02, 05 January 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == [[Lugha ya Adamu]] == See explanation : [[Majadiliano:Lugha ya Adamu]]. <blockquote> '''Anna Katharina Emmerick''' in her revelation was informed, that especially three languages of [[Baktria]], [[Zendia]], [[India]] are FIRST EVER descendants of language of [[Adamu]], of course in regard of purity as measure of being LEAST CHANGED from language of [[Adamu]] itself. </blockquote> Please add this to article in Swahili version, I need your effort because I tried to write this sentence in Swahili, and it turned ungramatical. Without this addition, article is still incomplete. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|Mwanajoka]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|majadiliano]])''' 12:50, 10 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Amani == Tuitunze Amani Yetu Hapa Nchini Tuliyojaliwa Na Mwenyezi Mungu. Tunakushuru ndugu Riccardo kwa kutupa malezi bora hapa shule na tunamuomba mungu akujalie maisha maisha malefu zaidi na akupatie nguvu ili uendele kuifanya kazi yake Bwana! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-15274|&#126;2025-15274]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-15274|talk]]) 05:27, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-ninth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 11, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250223|User group meeting 23 February]] * User group meeting in January ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250119|minutes]]). * The user group submitted an annual report in the new [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Affiliates Strategy/Implementation/Affiliate health criteria/Reports/2024/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|affiliate health criteria format]], and as an [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2024|activity report]]. * The [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Strategy 2030|2030 strategy]] for the user group was adopted. ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/01/06/swiss-server-helped-optimise-wikidata-in-the-field-of-medicine/ Swiss server helped optimise Wikidata in the field of medicine] (SDG 3) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/01/08/photographers-from-turkiye-tell-the-story-of-award-wining-photos-in-wiki-loves-earth-2024/ Photographers from Türkiye tell the story of award wining photos in Wiki Loves Earth 2024] (SDG 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZnAp7oovlg OpenStreetMap and Wikidata in Disaster Times - CEE Meeting 2024 Istanbul] (SDG 11) ; Events * 1-28 February: [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/5DC7IKHKGBEE5KOD4PY2XNKT55EA6LW4/|Wiki Loves Africa: Climate & Weather ISA campaign]] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 14:05, 4 Februari 2025 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28153013 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Affiliations Committee News (October-December 2024)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:Affiliations Committee 2024 05.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom at its Strategic Retreat in Frankfurt]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 4|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 4}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliates Strategy Update: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#Affiliate Strategy Updates|Notes from the 2024 AffCom strategic retreat]] Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|User group application pause lifted]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue4_#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at WikiIndaba]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Mari Avetisyan appointed new AffCom secretary]]</div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 4|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:04, 5 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=28060527 --> == COPY PASTE page moves == It is wrong, it does NOT preserve edit history with list of contributors required by GPL, please FIRST delete [[mabadiliko ya tabianchi]] and then move [[Mabadiliko ya Tabianchi]] onto it. '''[[Mtumiaji:Norbilian|Norbilian]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Norbilian|majadiliano]])''' 12:57, 5 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{Imefanyika}} == Feminism and Folklore 2025: Important Updates for Organizers & Jury == Hello Community Organizers and Jury, Thank you for organising Feminism and Folklore writing competition on your wiki. Feminism and Folklore is the largest Wikipedia contest organized by community members. We congratulate you in joining and celebrating our cultural heritage and promoting gender equality on Wikipedia. To encourage boost for the contributions of the participants, we're offering prizes for Feminism and Folklore local prizes. Each Wikipedia will have three local winners: # First Prize: $25 USD # Second Prize: $20 USD # Best Jury Article: $15 USD All this will be in '''gift voucher format only'''. Prizes will only be given to users who have more than 5 accepted articles. No prizes will be given for users winning below 5 accepted articles. Kindly inform your local community regarding these prizes and post them on the local project page The Best Jury Article will be chosen by the jury based on how unique the article is aligned with the theme. The jury will review all submissions and decide the winner together, making sure it's fair. These articles will also be featured on our social media handles. We're also providing internet and childcare support to the first 75 organizers and Jury members for those who request for it. Remember, only 75 organizers will get this support, and it's given on a first-come, first-served basis. The registration form will close after 75 registrations, and the deadline is '''March 5, 2025'''. This support is optional and not compulsory, so if you're interested, fill out the [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeum8md6FqHY1ISWRLW5bqOAv_lcd1tpVtMMZfWKRDU_IffLQ/viewform?usp=dialog Form] Each organizer/jury who gets support will receive $40 USD in gift voucher format, even if they're involved in more than one wiki. No dual support will be provided if you have signed up in more than one language. This support is meant to appreciate your volunteer support for the contest. We also invite all organizers and jury members to join us for Advocacy session on '''Saturday, Feb 28, 2025'''. This session will help you understand the jury process for both contests and give you a chance to ask questions. More details are on [[m:Event:Telling untold stories: How to document gendered narratives in Folklore on Wikipedia|Event:Telling untold stories: How to document gendered narratives in Folklore on Wikipedia - Meta]] Let's celebrate our different cultures and work towards gender equality on Wikipedia! Best regards, Stella and Tiven Wiki loves folklore international team [[User:SAgbley|SAgbley]] ([[User talk:SAgbley|talk]]) 04:39, 25 February 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/Community_Prizes&oldid=28309519 --> == Tungependa kusikia kuhusu uzoefu wako kuhusu Akaunti za Muda == <section begin="body"/> [[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]] '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo Utafiti huu hautachukua zaidi ya dakika 5 kukamilisha.]''' Timu ya Trust & Safety Product hivi karibuni iliunda [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|akaunti za muda]] zinapatikana kwenye miradi ya wiki 12. Kuna mipango ya kupanua hili kwa seti kubwa ya miradi ya wiki katika wiki na miezi ijayo, kisha kufuata mchakato wa kutekeleza kikamilifu baadaye mwaka huu. Ushiriki wako katika utafiti huu utakuwa na manufaa makubwa katika kutusaidia kuelewa jinsi Akaunti za Muda zinavyofanya kazi na kile tunachoweza kuboresha mbele. Sera ya faragha ya utafiti huu inaweza kuonwa [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|kupitia kiungo hiki]]. Kwa kumaliza utafiti huu, unakubali masharti yaliyoainishwa katika sera ya faragha. Asante!<section end="body"/> [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">majadiliano</span>]]) 02:50, 27 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/8&oldid=28315571 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fortieth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting in February ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250223|minutes]]). ; Other news * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2025/Organise|Time to get ready to organize Wiki Loves Earth]] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/02/05/women-of-the-future-international-womens-day-2025/ ‘Women of the Future’ – International Women’s Day 2025] (SDG 5) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/02/17/the-experts-behind-the-edits-expanding-public-understanding-of-healthcare/ The Experts Behind the Edits: Expanding public understanding of healthcare] (SDG 3) * [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/ecosia-and-wikimedia-enterprise-partner/ Wikimedia Enterprise and Ecosia Partner to Drive Sustainable Search Innovation] (SDG 13) * A [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Climate Change/Policies|subproject to WikiProject Climate Change about Climate Change Policies]] has just started on Wikidata (SDG 13) ; Events * 1 March: [[m:Event:Open Data Day 2025 in Côte d'Ivoire|Open Data Day 2025 in Côte d'Ivoire]] (SDG 8) * 7 March [[m:Event:Govdirectory Collab Hour - Open Data Day 2025|Govdirectory Collab Hour - Open Data Day 2025]] (SDG 16) * 8 March–1 April: [[m:Event:Shine Her Light Writing Contest 2025|Shine Her Light Writing Contest 2025]] (SDG 5) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 07:51, 1 Machi 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28259111 --> == Communication by the U4C == I'm writing to inform you that in the U4C case [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia|Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] the 2 week "investigation phase" is now open. This phase will last around two weeks, during this phase parties and also other editors can still submit further evidence. We warmly suggest to take this opportunity, each statement can serve to clarify the position of each of the parties involved. Many thanks. On behalf of the U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 20:59, 3 Machi 2025 (UTC) (Translation by Google translate) Ninakuandikia kukujulisha kwamba katika kesi ya U4C [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia|Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] ya wiki 2 sasa "awamu ya uchunguzi" imefunguliwa. Awamu hii itachukua takriban wiki mbili, wakati wa vyama vya awamu hii na pia wahariri wengine bado wanaweza kuwasilisha ushahidi zaidi. Tunashauri kwa moyo mkunjufu kuchukua fursa hii, kila taarifa inaweza kutumika kufafanua msimamo wa kila mmoja wa wahusika wanaohusika. Asante sana. Kwa niaba ya U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 20:59, 3 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Join Us Today: Amplify Women’s Stories on Wikipedia! == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{center|''{{int:please-translate}}''}} Dear {{PAGENAME}}, {{quote|Join us this International Women’s Month to uncover hidden stories and reshape cultural narratives! Dive into an interactive workshop where we’ll illuminate gaps in folklore and women’s history on Wikipedia—and take action to ensure their legacies are written into history.}} Facilitated by '''Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight''', this workshop will explore how to identify and curate missing stories about women’s contributions to culture and heritage. Let’s work together to amplify voices that have been overlooked for far too long! == Event Details == * '''📅 Date''': Today (15 March 2025) * '''⏰ Time''': 4:00 PM UTC ([https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/converter.html Convert to your time zone]) * '''📍 Platform''': [https://us06web.zoom.us/j/87522074523?pwd=0EEz1jfr4i9d9Nvdm3ioTaFdRGZojJ.1 Zoom Link] * '''🔗 Session''': [[m:Event:Feminism and Folklore International Campaign: Finding and Curating the Missing Gaps on Gender Disparities|Feminism and Folklore International Campaign: Finding and Curating the Missing Gaps on Gender Disparities]] * '''🆔 Meeting ID''': 860 8747 3266 * '''🔑 Passcode''': FNF@2025 == Participation == Whether you’re a seasoned editor or new to Wikipedia, this is your chance to contribute to a more inclusive historical record. ''Bring your curiosity and passion—we’ll provide the tools and guidance!'' '''Let’s make history ''her'' story too.''' See you there! Best regards,<br> '''Joris Quarshie'''<br> [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025 International Team]] <div style="margin-top:1em; text-align:center;"> Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]] [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|msg]]) 07:15, 24 March 2025 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty first newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13, 15 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/03/27/organise-your-local-wiki-loves-earth-in-2025/ Organise your local Wiki Loves Earth in 2025!] (SDG 15) * [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Climate Policy Radar ID|Wikidata property proposal for the Climate Policy Radar]] (SDG 13) * [https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/handle/2077/85640/NKB_Debatt_Wikipedia.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Biologists encourage other biologists to edit Wikipedia] (in Swedish) (SDG 15) * A [[c:File:Langzeitkooperationen zwischen Museen und dem Wikipedia-Universum.pdf|presentation on long-term collaborations between museums and the Wikimedia universe]] was given on March 10 at a [https://www.kiekeberg-museum.de/fileadmin/user_upload/3_4_1_Tagungen/geplante_tagungen/Programm_Tagung_Mittwochs_ist_Museumstag_-_Langzeitkooperationen_im_Museum_10-11.3.2025_FLMK3.pdf symposium on long-term collaborations with museums in Germany](SDG 17) * A [[c:File:Gemeinsam mehr erreichen Freies Wissen als Grundlage der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wikimedia und anderen Ehrenamtsinitiativen.pdf|presentation on existing and potential collaborations between the Wikimedia community and other volunteer communities]] was given on March 29 at a [https://tdsummit.d-s-e-e.de/ national volunteering convention] in Germany (SDG 17) ; Events * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250420|Next user group meeting: 20 April]] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 09:28, 1 Aprili 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28259111 --> == Invitation: Gendering the Archive - Building Inclusive Folklore Repositories (April 30th) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{center|''{{int:please-translate}}''}} Dear {{PAGENAME}}, You are invited to a hands-on session focused on [[meta:Gendering the Archive: Building Inclusive Repositories for Folklore Documentation|Gendering the Archive: Building Inclusive Repositories for Folklore Documentation]]. This online workshop will guide participants on how to create, edit, and expand gender-inclusive folklore articles and multimedia archives on Wikipedia and Wikidata. The session will be led by Rebecca Jeannette Nyinawumuntu. === Objectives === * '''Design Inclusive Repositories:''' Learn best practices for structuring folklore archives that foreground gender perspectives. * '''Hands-On Editing:''' Practice creating and improving articles and items on Wikipedia and Wikidata with a gender-inclusive lens. * '''Collaborative Mapping:''' Work in small groups to plan new entries and multimedia uploads that document underrepresented voices. * '''Advocacy & Outreach:''' Discuss strategies to promote and sustain these repositories within your local and online communities. === Details === * '''Date:''' 30th April 2025 * '''Day:''' Wednesday * '''Time:''' 16:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746028800 Check your local time zone]) * '''Venue:''' Online (Zoom) * '''Speaker:''' Rebecca Jeannette Nyinawumuntu (Co-founder, Wikimedia Rwanda & Community Engagement Director) === How to Join === * '''Zoom Link:''' [https://us06web.zoom.us/j/89158738825?pwd=ezEgXbAqwq9KEr499DvJxSzZyXSVQX Join here] * '''Meeting ID:''' 891 5873 8825 * '''Passcode:''' FNF@2025 * '''Add to Calendar:''' [https://zoom.us/meeting/tZ0scuGvrTMiGNH4I3T7EEQmhuFJkuCHL7Ci/ics?meetingMasterEventId=Xv247OBKRMWeJJ9LSbX2hA Add to your calendar] '''' === Agenda === # Welcome & Introductions: Opening remarks and participant roll-call. # Presentation: Overview of gender-inclusive principles and examples of folklore archives. # Hands-On Workshop: Step-by-step editing on Wikipedia and Wikidata—create or expand entries. # Group Brainstorm: Plan future repository items in breakout groups. # Q&A & Discussion: Share challenges, solutions, and next steps. # Closing Remarks: Summarise key takeaways and outline follow-up actions. We look forward to seeing you there! Best regards,<br> Stella<br> Feminism and Folklore Organiser -[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 10:28, 24 April 2025 (UTC) </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=28399508 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2025)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:WMB meeting in Belo Horizonte in 2023 (day 02) 059.jpg|256px|right|thumb|Wikimedia Brasil, the latest chapter to be recognized by AffCom]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 5|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 5}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;"> Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Wikimedia Brasil and four user groups]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue 5#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at Wikimedia+Libraries and Wikisource conferences]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Welcoming new AffCom voting and advisory members]] Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#Upcoming_AffCom_Events|AffCom at ESEAP Strategy Summit]]</div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 5|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 01:30, 26 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=28324741 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty second newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250420|minutes]]) ; Other news * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/04/09/zombie-ants-to-bioremediation-the-world-of-entomopathogenic-fungi/ Zombie ants to bioremediation: The world of entomopathogenic fungi] (SDG 15) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/04/21/with-foundation-increases-support-to-expand-disability-healthcare-information-on-wikipedia/ WITH Foundation increases support to expand disability healthcare information on Wikipedia] (SDG 3) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/04/04/women-and-health-project-improving-the-representation-of-womens-health-on-wikipedia/ Women and Health Project: Improving the representation of women’s health on Wikipedia] (SDG 3&5) ; Events * May 19: [[m:Habilidades Digitales Verdes en Wikimedia 2025|Habilidades Digitales Verdes en Wikimedia 2025]] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 07:22, 11 Mei 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28259111 --> == Final reminder that the deadline for submitting your Feminism and Folklore 2025 results == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> Hello {{PAGENAME}} [[File:Feminism and Folklore logo.svg | right | frameless]] I hope this message finds you well. This is a final reminder that the deadline for submitting your Feminism and Folklore 2025 results on Meta has elapsed. For participant prizes to be processed, your community must submit the necessary information as soon as possible. Please use the following link to submit your results: [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025/Results Submit your results] We have extended the {{font color||yellow|'''submission deadline to 12 June 2025'''.}} Kindly note that failure to submit by this date will result in your group’s participants not receiving any prizes from us. Thank you for your attention to this important matter and for your continued contributions to the Feminism and Folklore campaign. Warm regards,<br> Stella<br> On behalf of Feminism and Folklore Team<br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 12:39, 08 June 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:FnF_2025_reminder_list&oldid=28842648 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty third newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 10, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 22 June: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting]] ; Other news * Several papers presented at WikiWorkshop: ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_24.pdf EcoWikiRS: Using Species Descriptions in Wikipedia and Remote Sensing to Learn about the Ecological Properties of a Place] (SDG 15) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_6.pdf Data Extraction Methods for Analyzing Gender Bias on Wikipedia's Front Page] (SDG 5) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_28.pdf Measuring Cross-Lingual Information Gaps in English Wikipedia: A Case Study of LGBT People Portrayals] (SDG 10) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_14.pdf Exploring Wikipedia community practices during the 2024 European Parliament election] (SDG 16) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_55.pdf Wikipedia as a Tool for Tracking Mass Migration Flows: Insights from the Russian Invasion of Ukraine] (SDG 10) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_65.pdf Regulations in Wikidata: The case of PFAS-related regulations] (SDG 3 & 16) * [https://wikipediapodden.se/minimal-viable-species-stub-315/ Podcast about the minimal viable species stub] (SDG 15) * [https://wikimedia.org.uk/2025/05/media-literacy-and-responding-to-emergencies-and-disinformation/ Wikimedia UK and the Royal Society host workshop on information literacy and future health emergencies] (SDG 3) ; Events * 16 June: [[w:en:Event:Wikimedia NYC and United Nations Wikipedia Edit-A-Thon|Wikimedia NYC and United Nations Wikipedia Edit-A-Thon]] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 09:37, 12 Juni 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28771610 --> == You're invited: Feminism and Folklore Advocacy Session – June 20! == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> Hello {{PAGENAME}} [[File:Feminism and Folklore logo.svg | right | frameless]] We are pleased to invite you to an inspiring session in the Feminism and Folklore International Campaign Advocacy Series titled: 🎙️ Documenting Indigenous Women’s Wisdom: The Role of Grandmothers and Elders<br> 🗓 Friday, June 20, 2025<br> ⏰ 4:00 PM UTC<br> 🌍 Online – [https://us06web.zoom.us/j/86470824823?pwd=s7ruwuxrradtJNcZLVT9EyClb8g7ho.1 Zoom link]<br> 👤 Facilitator: Obiageli Ezeilo (Wiki for Senior Citizens Network)<br> Join us as we explore how the oral teachings of grandmothers and elders preserve cultural heritage and influence today’s feminist movements. Learn how to document these narratives using Wikimedia platforms! 🔗 Event Page & Details: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Event:Documenting_Indigenous_Women%E2%80%99s_Wisdom:_The_Role_of_Grandmothers_and_Elders This session includes:<br> ✔️ A keynote presentation<br> ✔️ Story-sharing interactive segment<br> ✔️ Q&A + tools for documenting women’s wisdom on Wikimedia<br> We hope to see you there! Warm regards,<br> Stella<br> On behalf of Feminism and Folklore Team<br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 23:49, 17 June 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=28399508 --> == Ancient Sorcerous Empire == WikiBayer - is NOT guardian angel, it is ANNONRIAL/RAVERNAL pure evil: [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Gayle157#Elephant_in_Porcelain_Shop]] READ debunking of WikiBayer reverts. '''[[Mtumiaji:Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel|Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel|majadiliano]])''' 08:26, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 6 July: [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250706|User group meeting]] ; Other news * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9I8Nr_UamtM Biodiversidade na Wiki] (in Portuguese) (SDG 15) * [https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ppp3.70050 The women honoured in flowering plant genera: From myth to reality] (SDG 5&15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/06/20/rethinking-wiki-engagement-in-medical-research-insights-from-a-residency-at-nihr/ Rethinking Wiki engagement in medical research: insights from a residency at NIHR] (SDG 3) ; Events * 24 July: [https://mdi.georgetown.edu/events/guwikieditathonsummer2025/ Editing for Equity: Closing the Wikipedia Gender Gap] (SDG 5) * 2 & 9 August: [https://events.humanitix.com/nz-species-editathon-wellington New Zealand Species Edit-a-thon] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 21:06, 1 Julai 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28881683 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 5, 10, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * 6 July: User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250706|minutes]]) * We are trying to establish better governance for the user group and [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Draft by-laws|have some inspiration]] on which your comments are requested. ; Other news * To promote sustainability and increase the visibility of the Sustainable Development Goals, the [[w:tr:Vikiproje:S%C3%BCrd%C3%BCr%C3%BClebilir_Kalk%C4%B1nma|"Sustainable Development Wikiproject" was launched on the Turkish Wikipedia]] * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/11/wiki-loves-butterfly-community-led-contributions-in-dzongu-valley-north-sikkim-india/ Wiki Loves Butterfly: Community-Led Contributions in Dzongu Valley, North Sikkim, India] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/12/gender-climate-and-sustainability-my-journey-with-the-awa-fellowship-2025/ Gender, Climate and Sustainability: My Journey with the AWA Fellowship 2025] (SDG 5 & 13) * [https://blog.tepapa.govt.nz/2025/07/14/the-power-and-potential-of-wikidata-for-botany/ The power and potential of Wikidata for botany] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/15/amplifying-inclusion-and-climate-justice-through-open-knowledge-my-journey-as-a-fellow-under-awa-fellowship-2025/ Amplifying Inclusion and Climate Justice Through Open Knowledge: My Journey as a Fellow under AWA Fellowship 2025] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/15/justice-through-open-knowledge-training-human-rights-advocate-to-document-human-rights-incident-with-wikipedia-and-wikimedia-commons/ Justice through Open Knowledge: Training Human Rights Advocate to Document Human Rights Incident with Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons] (SDG 10) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/16/wings-of-bengal-the-winners-of-wiki-loves-bangla-2025/ Wings of Bengal: The Winners of Wiki Loves Bangla 2025] (SDG 15) * [https://infomgnt.org/posts/2025-07-16-Connecting-Knowledge-with-Wikidata-a-practical-Project-with-the-Museum-fuer-Naturkunde-Berlin/ Connecting Knowledge with Wikidata: A Practical Project with the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/19/when-time-slows-down-documenting-butterflies-in-the-north-eastern-himalayas/ When Time Slows Down: Documenting Butterflies in the North Eastern Himalayas] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/23/wiki-loves-earth-celebrates-1000000-images-of-the-natural-heritage-worldwide/ Wiki Loves Earth celebrates 1,000,000 images of the natural heritage worldwide!] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/28/closing-content-gaps-highlights-from-my-july-as-an-awa-inclusion-and-climate-justice-fellow/ Closing Content Gaps: Highlights from my July as an AWA Inclusion and Climate Justice Fellow] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/01/thrilling-two-day-butterfly-expedition-in-central-odisha/ Thrilling Two-Day Butterfly Expedition in Central Odisha] (SDG 15) ; Events * 6-9 August: Wikimania is coming up, and you can easily [[wikimania:2025:Registration|join remotely]]. Find [[wikimania:2025:Program/SDG related sessions|all sessions related to the Sustainable Development Goals]]. This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 09:27, 2 Agosti 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28881683 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Affiliations Committee News (April-June 2025)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:MNL25 - day one 08.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom session at the ESEAP Strategy Summit 2025 in Manila, the Philippines]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Wikimedia Aotearoa New Zealand and Assamese Wikimedia Community User Group]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue 6#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at the ESEAP Strategy Summit]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Results of the AffCom officers election]] Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#Upcoming_AffCom_Events|Meet AffCom at Wikimania]]</div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 06:25, 5 Agosti 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=28820920 --> == Lvova == Now please delete both [[Lvova]] and [[Mtumiaji:Lvova]], she wants that to be deleted since her META user page https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Lvova does not show from META into THIS wiki. '''[[Mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|Hakim Abdazath]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|majadiliano]])''' 15:16, 17 Agosti 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == SadoMaso == [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu?type=block&user=Justine+Msechu&page=Justine+Msechu self-BAN-ana] [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-50523-8|&#126;2025-50523-8]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-50523-8|talk]]) 19:09, 1 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 21 September: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User Group Meeting]] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/07/when-butterflies-took-over-a-classroom/ When Butterflies Took Over a Classroom] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/13/a-walk-with-butterflies-that-healed-the-heart/ A Walk with Butterflies That Healed the Heart] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/21/wikimania-2025-information-integrity-on-climate-change-on-wikimedia-projects/ Wikimania 2025: Information Integrity on Climate Change on Wikimedia projects] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/30/botanical-perspective-of-wikitutuwuhan-project/ Botanical Perspective of WikiTutuwuhan Project] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/30/past-present-and-future-a-wikimedian-in-residence-at-the-biodiversity-heritage-library/ Past, present and future: a Wikimedian-in-Residence at the Biodiversity Heritage Library] (SDG 15) * [[wikimania:2025:Program/SDG related sessions|All SDG related sessions at Wikimania]] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 20:24, 1 Septemba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29165157 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - September 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 7 and 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250921|minutes]]) ; Other news * The OpenStreetMap community has an initiative called "[https://mapyourgrid.org/ MapYourGrid]" focused on energy infrastructure on Wikidata and Open Streetmap. (SDG 7) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/09/18/bridging-climate-science-and-the-public-how-the-austrian-climate-report-found-a-home-on-wikipedia/ Bridging Climate Science and the Public: How the Austrian Climate Report Found a Home on Wikipedia] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/09/27/microworld-a-wikimedia-fueled-microbial-exhibition-in-northern-argentina/ Microworld: a Wikimedia-fueled microbial exhibition in northern Argentina] (SDG 4) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/09/30/wiki-green-conference-2025/ Wiki-Green Conference 2025] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 20:46, 1 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29165157 --> == New Article == Hello. Can you create [[:en:Novi_Sad_railway_station_canopy_collapse|this]] article here? I cant create article like trmporary account. Thanks in advance. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-27957-58|&#126;2025-27957-58]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-27957-58|talk]]) 20:50, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) {{Imefanyika}} == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty eighth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5, 10 and 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/01/ewe-language-activists-trained-to-translate-the-sustainable-development-goals-online/ Ewe Language Activists Trained to Translate the Sustainable Development Goals Online] * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/11/how-wikimedia-commons-is-making-microbiology-open-lessons-from-wikimedistas-de-jujuy-argentina/ How Wikimedia Commons is making microbiology open: lessons from Wikimedistas de Jujuy, Argentina] (SDG 4) * The [https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Faktamall_f%C3%B6retag&diff=58499099&oldid=57412306 Swedish Wikipedia company infobox now shows carbon emissions data] retreived from Wikidata for over 200 companies. (SDG 13) ; Events * 6 November–3 December: [[m:Event:Visible Wiki Women Campaign 2025|Visible Wiki Women Campaign 2025]] (SDG 5) * 11 November: [[m:Event:First steps in Wikidata for the Wikimedia LGBT Community|First steps in Wikidata for the Wikimedia LGBT Community]] (SDG 10) * 1–30 November: [[w:id:Wikipedia:Bulan_Asia_Wikipedia_2025|Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2025]] (SDG 10) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 16:47, 3 Novemba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29554723 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty ninth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 11 December: [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20251211|User group call]] * As are ending the year and will be wrapping up on the [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|current annual plan]] we are doing a few sprints. If every member of the user group makes just one contribution, we will finish these easily and have a great resource for the entire community. Please check out these and see if you can help out: ** [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Video translation|Videos with translatable subtitles]] *** Help by identifying which videos need translation ** [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Charts coordination|Charts]] *** Help by identifying charts that should be used in SDG topics <br/> ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/11/09/wikimedia-project-from-south-america-selected-by-the-unesco-global-initiative-for-information-integrity-on-climate-change-fund/ Wikimedia Project from South America Selected by the UNESCO Global Initiative for Information Integrity on Climate Change Fund] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/11/10/northern-argentine-wikimedians-recognized-in-regional-openstreetmap-contest/ Northern Argentine Wikimedians recognized in regional OpenStreetMap Contest] (SDG 15) * [https://www.aftonbladet.se/nyheter/a/LMyQBP/ny-ai-modell-svenska-foretags-utslapp-av-koldioxid Garbo gräver fram siffror på utsläpp av koldioxid] news in Swedish about carbon emissions data being added to the company infoboxes (SDG 13) * [https://wikimedia.at/der-klimabericht-und-die-wikipedia-teil-3-wissenschaftskommunikation/ Der Klimabericht und die Wikipedia Teil 3: Wissenschaftskommunikation] (SDG 13) ; Events * [[m:SheSaid|SheSaid campaign on Wikiquote]]. From 1 September until 31 December 2025. (SDG 5) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 14:39, 1 Desemba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29620767 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fiftieth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 7, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * User group call, 11 December ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20251211|minutes]]) ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/08/wikiforhumanrights-2025-documenting-ghanas-just-energy-transition-through-the-lens/ WikiForHumanRights 2025: Documenting Ghana’s Just Energy Transition Through the Lens] (SDG 7) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November_2025/Contents/New_Zealand_report#Update_on_the_Bioeconomy_Science_Institute_Wikimedian_in_Residence|Update on the Bioeconomy Science Institute Wikimedian in Residence]] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/14/wikiforhumanrights-2025-campaign-in-ghana/ WikiForHumanRights 2025 campaign in Ghana] (SDG 7&13) * [https://wikimedia.org.uk/2025/12/topics-for-impact/ Topics for impact] by Wikimedia UK * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/22/project-gayatri-a-year-of-building-knowledge-closing-with-heart/ Project Gayatri: A Year of Building Knowledge, Closing with Heart] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 21:24, 4 Januari 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29844481 --> == Affiliations Committee News (July-December 2025) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:At Wikimania 2025 127.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom at Wikimania 2025 in Nairobi, Kenya]]<br> <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Wikimedia Georgia: recognized & announced September 2025]] Recognition Status Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#Recognition Status Report|Updates of affiliate applications]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue 7#AffCom at WikiConference North America|AffCom at WikiConference North America]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#AffCom and EDs Discuss Affiliate Ecosystem|AffCom and EDs Discuss Affiliate Ecosystem]] AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#AffCom Administrative Updates|AffCom at Wikimania]]</div> </div> Affiliations Committee News (July-December 2025) <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7|This newsletter is best translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]</div><section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 11:11, 13 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Buszmail@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=29907013 --> == Hongera za kumbukumbu za kujiunga na Wiki 🎉 == <div style="border: 3px solid #f75920; background: #f8f9fa; padding: 15px; margin: 10px 0; font-size: 95%; line-height: 1.6em;"> [[File:Rose and Carnation Flower Bouquet 02.png|150px|right|Happy Wiki Anniversary]] Mpendwa [[User:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]], Maadhimisho ya kujiunga kwako na Wiki yanakaribia, imebaki '''siku 2''' tu. Hii ni hatua muhimu sana, kwani utatimiza '''miaka 5''' tangu uanze kuchangia Wiki (kulingana na SUL). Umechangia zaidi ya '''marekebisho 7,476''', mchango wako umekuwa na matunda makubwa sana. Ninakutakia mwaka mwingine mzuri wa kushirikiana, kujifunza, na kueneza maarifa pamoja. ''Tumia [https://suyashdwivedi.github.io/Wiki_Tools/Wiki_Anniversary.html '''Kifaa hichi'''] kutuma pongezi za kumbukumbu za kujiunga na Wiki kwa wanawikimedia wengine.'' : '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 06:11, 14 Januari 2026 (UTC) </div> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty first newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * The [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2025|annual report for 2025]] was published. * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Next user group meeting]] is 22 February. * The drafting of the [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2026|2026 annual plan]] is under way, please help. ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/09/winning-images-of-the-special-category-human-rights-and-environment-from-wiki-loves-earth-2025%F0%9F%A4%9D/ Winning images of the special category “Human Rights and Environment” from Wiki Loves Earth 2025🤝] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 14:22, 4 Februari 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29928029 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty second newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5, 10, 13, 15, 16 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * A proposal for a climate and sustainability meetup at Wikimania has been submitted. Keep your fingers crossed it gets accepted! ; Other news * [https://metabase.wikibase.cloud Metabase], a project to create a [[m:Movement Strategy/Initiatives/Knowledge Base|movement-wide knowledgebase for activities and initiatives]], now has the property [https://metabase.wikibase.cloud/wiki/Property:P109 relates to sustainable development goal, target or indicator] and all the Sustainable Development Goals, Targets and Indicators. This makes it possible to make sure that your projects and initiative that supports these are marked as doing so and also find previous efforts related to them. * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/11/wiki-for-botanists-why-thematic-engagement-matters/ Wiki for Botanists: Why thematic engagement matters] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/15/influence-of-seasonal-and-eco-climatic-factors-on-butterfly-diversity-insights-from-wiki-loves-butterfly/ Influence of Seasonal and Eco-climatic Factors on Butterfly Diversity: Insights from Wiki Loves Butterfly] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/15/african-women-in-climate-action-a-continued-editing-journey-through-the-edither-africa-contest-2026/ African Women in Climate Action: A Continued Editing Journey through the EditHer Africa Contest 2026] (SDG 5 & 13) ; Events * March is Women's History Month and also has the Internaltional Women's day, so there are plenty of related events. Check out [[m:Special:AllEvents|Special:AllEvents]] to find some near you. (SDG 5) * [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_India/Events/International_Mother_Language_Day_2026_Datathon|International Mother Language Day 2026 Datathon]] (SDG 4, 10 &17) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 12:13, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29928029 --> == NV == [[Maalum:Michango/NATHAN_VERITA$]] = [[Maalum:Michango/Nathan_Veritas]] - destruction impertinente, utilisateur interdit. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-19674-88|&#126;2026-19674-88]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-19674-88|talk]]) 11:23, 30 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty third newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * There is now a [[c:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|user box template on Wikimedia Commons]] that you can use to show that you are participant of the user group. There were already user boxes on [[m:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|Meta]], [[d:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|Wikidata]], [[w:en:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|English]] and [[w:sv:Mall:Användare Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|Swedish]] Wikipedia. If your home wiki uses user boxes but lacks one, feel free to copy any of these to it. ; Other news * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2026/03/02/the-winners-of-wiki-loves-earth-2025/ “Cinematic intensity”: The winners of Wiki Loves Earth 2025] (SDG 15) * [https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00940-y Scientists should join collaborative online editing communities for biodiversity] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 11:26, 1 Aprili 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30155800 --> == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will be a week in between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:11, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30472482 --> == Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2026) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <!-- == Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2026) == --> <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 8|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. [[File:AffCom_and_GRDC_members_at_APP_meeting,_Lisbon_2026_01_(cropped).jpg|220px|right|thumb|AffCom and GRDC members at APP meeting, Lisbon, Portugal]] <div style="column-count:1;"> Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|This past quarter, AffCom recognized no new Affiliates due to the pause in recognizing new affiliates.]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#AffCom Conflict Intervention|AffCom is currently addressing eight ongoing affiliate conflict cases received in previous quarters.]] Affiliate Recognition Pause Extension: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#Affiliate Recognition Pause Extension|The Wikimedia Foundation, together with the AffCom, has extended the pause on new affiliate recognition until September 1, 2026.]] New Affiliate Model Development Efforts: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#New Affiliate Model Development Efforts|The Affiliations Committee held collaborative meetings with the Global Resource Distribution Committee (GRDC) to explore the development of a new affiliations model.]] Towards a Healthy Ecosystem of Wikimedia Organizations: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#Towards a Healthy Ecosystem of Wikimedia Organizations: Updates on the Movement Organizations Pilot, GRDC, and AffCom|Two major pilot initiatives were launched to address long-standing questions about the roles of movement organizations and the future of resource allocation.]] <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 8|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]</div><section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 03:50, 03 May 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Buszmail@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=30057452 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 2, 5, 6, 7, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/04/15/from-lens-to-knowledge-citizen-science-through-wiki-loves-butterfly/|From Lens to Knowledge: Citizen Science through Wiki Loves Butterfly]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Wikidata type specimen data model]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Macedonia report|Edit-a-thon "Women Botanists" and “Plants Around Us: Veles” workshop]] (SDG 5 & 15) ; Events * Ongoing: [[w:en:Wikipedia:100 Days 100 Edits|100 Days 100 Edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026|Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026]] (SDG 2, 6 & 7) * May 9-10: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Projekt naturgeografi/Fotosafari: Fåglar i Skåne 2026|Bird photography trip]] in south Sweden (SDG 15) * May 30: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Skrivstuga/Biologisk mångfald|Editathon about biodiversity]] in Stockholm (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 12:47, 6 Mei 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30472224 --> == Unaweza kuwa na haki ya kupiga kura katika uchaguzi wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Nakutumia ujumbe huu kwa kuwa ulipiga kura katika uchaguzi uliopita uliohusu [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|halmashauri ya kuratibu kanuni za mwenendo duniani (U4C)]]. Unaweza kuwa na ushtahiki wa kupiga kura katika uchaguzi wa U4C unao endelea hivi sasa na utatamatika 2 Juni 2026. Unaeza pata maarifa kuhusu wagombeaji na uchaguzi katika [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|ukurasa wa uchaguzi ulio kwenye Meta]] na pia ya fursa kupata kura yako. Ushiriki wako katika uchaguzi huu ni muhimu kwa maana una athiri uwongozi wa jamii za Wikipedia, na muda uliotumia kusoma kuhusu wagombeaji na kupiga kura unathaminiwa. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:35, 20 Mei 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30569740 --> == Kura juu ya visual editor kwa miradi ya wiki == Habari ndugu {{PAGENAME}}, Natumai u mzima. Naomba nafasi yako kidogo utupe mkono katika kuboresha mifumo yetu ya kiufundi hapa Swahili Wikipedia. Nimeanzisha ombi kule Phabricator ili watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor (Mhariri Unaoonekana) kwenye kurasa za miradi na kampeni zetu (`Wikipedia:Namespace`), jambo ambalo litatupunguzia sana mzigo wa kutumia Wiki markup ngumu wakati wa kuandaa warsha, mashindano, au majedwali ya miradi. Ili mafundi wa Wikimedia Foundation wawishe mfumo huu, wanahitaji kuona maridhiano na kura za wanajumuia wetu. Tafadhali naomba upitie hapa katika ukurasa wa Jumuiya kutoa kura yako ya Kuunga Mkono au maoni yako: 👉 [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace)|Bofya hapa kushiriki na kupiga kura]] Mchango wako wa sekunde chache utasaidia sana kurahisisha kazi ya waratibu na wahariri wote wa jumuia yetu. Shukrani sana. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:13, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 2, 6, 7, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/05/19/wikimedia-projects-and-the-climate-crisis-how-wiki-for-sustainable-futures-2026-is-being-built/|Wikimedia Projects and the Climate Crisis: How Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026 Is Being BuiltWikimedia Projects and the Climate Crisis: How Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026 Is Being Built]] (SDG 2 & 6 & 7 & 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2026/05/21/earth-day-every-day-preserving-biodiversity-on-wikipedia/ Earth Day, Every Day: Preserving Biodiversity on Wikipedia] (SDG 15) *[[diffblog:ar/2026/05/29/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-2026-%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a9/|Launch of the Arabic Environmental Contest 2026: an ambitious initiative to enrich environmental content]] (SDG 2 & 6 & 7) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/From_the_field_to_the_free_web From the field to the free web] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 17:47, 1 Juni 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30606764 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5 and 10.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; In the news * [[diffblog:2026/06/08/reading-wikipedia-in-the-classroom-in-wa-ghana-empowering-educators-with-media-and-information-literacy-skills/|Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom in Wa, Ghana: Empowering Educators with Media and Information Literacy Skills]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/06/12/amplifying-womens-stories-and-indigenous-knowledge-feminism-and-folklore-2026-in-the-igbo-community/|Amplifying Women’s Stories and Indigenous Knowledge: Feminism and Folklore 2026 in the Igbo Community]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/13/artfeminism-network-organizers-at-eseap-conference-2026/|Art+Feminism Network Organizers at ESEAP Conference 2026]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/14/a-reflection-on-what-i-learned-at-my-first-international-womens-day-celebration/|A Reflection on What I Learned at My First International Women’s Day Celebration]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/16/from-mentee-to-builder-my-six-months-in-the-eduwiki-hub-mentorship-program/|From Mentee to Builder: My Six Months in the EduWiki Hub Mentorship Program]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/06/16/building-skills-and-confidence-during-my-three-month-journey-through-the-on-wiki-skill-program-organized-by-africa-wiki-women/|Building Skills and Confidence During My Three-Month Journey Through the On Wiki Skill Program Organized by Africa Wiki Women]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/17/why-the-eduwiki-starter-kit-matters-for-the-future-of-education/|Why the EduWiki Starter Kit Matters for the Future of Education]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/06/17/empowering-new-editors-to-bridge-the-gender-gap-my-experience-as-a-mentor-in-the-edither-africa-april-2026-contest/|Empowering New Editors to Bridge the Gender Gap: My Experience as a Mentor in the EditHer Africa April 2026 Contest]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/18/visible-women-edit-a-thon-piloting-a-collaborative-approach-to-free-knowledge-in-hong-kong/|Visible Women Edit-a-thon: Piloting a Collaborative Approach to Free Knowledge in Hong Kong]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/23/guiding-new-voices-training-women-in-wikidata-during-the-april-edither-africa-contest/|Guiding New Voices: Training Women in Wikidata during the April EditHer Africa Contest]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/23/wikimedia-community-usergroup-botswana-in-collaboration-with-art-and-feminism-on-wikidata-mobile-training-2026/|Wikimedia Community Usergroup Botswana in collaboration with Art and Feminism on Wikidata Mobile Training 2026]] (SDG 5) ; Events * 10-18 July: [[m:Event:Wikiwomen Camp 2026|Wikiwomen Camp 2026]] (SDG 5) * 14 July [[w:de:Veranstaltung:Queers & Frauen 14.07.2026|Queers & Frauen]] (SDG 5 & 10) * 21-25 July: Wikimania is coming up and there are plenty of sessions related to sustainable development. There is now a dedicated page for those sessions at [[wikimania:2026:Program/SDG related sessions]]. * 23 July: [[m:Event:From Constitution to Community — Documenting Queer Rights Movements|From Constitution to Community — Documenting Queer Rights Movements]] (SDG 10) * 14 July [[w:de:Veranstaltung:Queers & Frauen 28.07.2026|Queers & Frauen]] (SDG 5 & 10) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 19:20, 3 Julai 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30633243 --> ==Mailing list for OWID updates== We have a new [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/owid.lists.wikimedia.org/ mailing list] for "OWID viewer" updates. Plan to send out notices whenever major improvements roll out. Please sign up if interested. Best [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 13:00, 9 July 2026 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 5, 6, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/07/04/photowalk-at-the-purbachal-reserve-forest/|Photowalk at the Purbachal Reserve Forest]] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/07/13/welcoming-women-into-wikimedia-tech-a-guide-based-on-lived-experiences/|Welcoming Women+ into Wikimedia Tech: A Guide Based on Lived Experiences]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/07/14/empowering-youth-through-knowledge-wikipedia-for-freedom-of-elections-in-armenia/|Empowering Youth Through Knowledge: “Wikipedia for Freedom of Elections” in Armenia]] (SDG 16) * [[diffblog:2026/07/19/water-for-life-knowledge-for-all-how-wikiverse-botswana-is-showcasing-africas-water-story-through-the-africa-wiki-challenge-2026/|Water for Life, Knowledge for All: How WikiVerse Botswana is Showcasing Africa’s Water Story Through the Africa Wiki Challenge 2026]] (SDG 6) * Wikimania: There were so many sessions and posters related to the SDGs, they can't all be listed here. But on [[wikimania:2026:Program/SDG related sessions|this Wikimania page]] you can find them all and the session pages have links to the recordings. This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 08:56, 4 Agosti 2026 (UTC)• [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30853204 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty eighth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 4, 10, 11, 13 and 14.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/08/12/wiki-loves-fish-bringing-coastal-biodiversity-to-the-world-through-open-knowledge/|Wiki Loves Fish: Bringing Coastal Biodiversity to the World Through Open Knowledge]] (SDG 14) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2026/08/19/making-rare-disease-knowledge-a-little-more-common-on-wikipedia/ Making rare disease knowledge a little more common on Wikipedia] (SDG 3) * [[diffblog:2026/08/26/the-pre-conference-on-information-integrity-in-climate-change-at-wikimania/|The Pre-Conference on Information Integrity in Climate Change at Wikimania]] (SDG 13) * [[diffblog:2026/08/29/beyond-wikipedia-a-technical-workshop-introducing-moroccan-teachers-to-wikidata-and-the-wikimedia-technical-ecosystem/|Beyond Wikipedia: A Technical Workshop Introducing Moroccan Teachers to Wikidata and the Wikimedia Technical Ecosystem]] (SDG&nbsp;4) * [[diffblog:2026/08/29/wiki-for-human-rights-nigeria-write-for-rights-and-july-virtual-session/|Wiki for Human Rights Nigeria: Write for Rights and July Virtual Session]] (SDG 10) ; Events * Ongoing: [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2026|Wiki Loves Monuments]] (SDG 11) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 08:21, 4 Septemba 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30910094 --> ==Updating code== Wondering if you can update [[MediaWiki:Gadget-owidslider.js]] with the code here [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki:Gadget-owidslider.js] This will allow us to fix / update this gadget across multiple languages more rapidly with Commons being the central repository of code. Best [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 01:05, 12 Septemba 2026 (UTC) :Yes Dr James i will update it soon. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:22, 28 Septemba 2026 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - September 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty ninth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5, 11, and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/The_little_coloured_bar_that_tells_you_a_species_is_disappearing_%E2%80%94_and_the_Australian_project_keeping_it_accurate The little coloured bar that tells you a species is disappearing — and the Australian project keeping it accurate] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/09/05/more-than-a-campaign-the-measurable-impact-of-celebrate-women-2026/|More than a campaign: the measurable impact of Celebrate Women 2026]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/09/04/shesaid-2026-the-global-story-continues-one-voice-at-a-time/|SheSaid 2026: The Global Story Continues, One Voice at a Time]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/09/13/from-focus-group-to-skills-focus-a-new-programme-of-wiki-loves-women/|From Focus Group to Skills Focus: A New Programme of Wiki Loves Women]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/09/17/2387-photographs-237-participants-documenting-colombias-biodiversity-through-wiki-loves-earth-2026/|2,387 photographs, 237 participants: documenting Colombia’s biodiversity through Wiki Loves Earth 2026]] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/09/20/more-programs-arent-enough-why-eduwiki-needs-stronger-infrastructure/|More Programs Aren’t Enough: Why EduWiki Needs Stronger Infrastructure]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/09/21/wiki-loves-earth-2026-in-bangladesh-3330-photographs-15-winners-and-one-snake-that-changed-the-rules/|Wiki Loves Earth 2026 in Bangladesh: 3,330 photographs, 15 winners, and one snake that changed the rules]] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/09/23/from-open-knowledge-to-national-development-representing-wikimedia-botswana-at-the-un-consultation/|From Open Knowledge to National Development: Representing Wikimedia Botswana at the UN Consultation]] * [[diffblog:2026/09/25/from-university-research-to-free-knowledge-academics-discover-wikimedia/|From University Research to Free Knowledge: Academics Discover Wikimedia]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/09/26/after-the-storm-the-shoots-are-more-photogenic/|After the storm, the shoots are more photogenic]] (SDG 15) ; Events * Still ongoing: [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2026|Wiki Loves Monuments]] (SDG 11) </div> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 17:11, 2 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=31035794 --> == Affiliations Committee News (April-September 2026) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <!-- News (April-September 2026) --> <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 9|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 9}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> [[File:Wikimedia-logo-update-2016.svg|220px|right|thumb|<div class="center">2026 is Wikimedia Affiliations Committee's 20th Anniversary</div>]] <div style="column-count:1;"> Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 9#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|On '''August 26''', the Affiliations Committee (''AffCom'') announced the extension of the pause on new affiliate recognition, which began in August 2025.]] The extension follows the Wikimedia Foundation's decision to extend the feedback period for the [[:m:Updating the ecosystem of Wikimedia organizations/Recognition and Funding for Movement Organizations|"Recognition and Funding for Movement Organizations"]] proposal, giving communities and affiliates more time to share input. AffCom Movement Contributions: [[m:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 9#AffCom Movement Contributions|Throughout the past quarter, AffCom continued to engage in conversations across the Wikimedia Movement, particularly where discussions touched on the pause on recognition or where the committee’s experience could contribute to broader Movement conversations.]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 9#AffCom Administration|The Wikimedia Affiliations Committee has new Officers and Advisors]] <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 9|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]</div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:30, 17 October 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Buszmail@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=31178382 --> == Ombi la kuunga mkono mradi wa makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (WMF Rapid Fund) == Habari ndugu {{PAGENAME}}, Natumai u mzima. Naomba nafasi yako kidogo utupe mkono katika kufanikisha mradi mpya wa maudhui hapa Swahili Wikipedia. Nimeanzisha wazo la mradi kule Jumuiya ili kuomba ruzuku ya Rapid Fund kutoka Wikimedia Foundation (WMF). Lengo ni kuandaa warsha (workshop) na mashindano ya uandishi (Edit-a-thon) yatakayolenga kuziba pengo kubwa la makala za filamu na waigizaji wa Asia (hususan C-Dramas na K-Dramas), mada ambazo zina wasomaji wengi sana Afrika Mashariki lakini hazina maudhui ya kutosha kwa Kiswahili. Ili jopo la ruzuku la WMF lipitishe maombi haya ya fedha, wanahitaji kuona maridhiano (consensus) na kuungwa mkono na wanajumuia wetu wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Tafhdali naomba upitie hapa katika ukurasa wa Jumuiya kutoa kura yako ya Kuunga Mkono au maoni yako: 👉 [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#Wazo la Mradi: Kuongeza Makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (C-Dramas & K-Dramas)|Bofya hapa kushiriki na kuunga mkono]] Mchango wako wa sekunde chache utasaidia sana kuleta rasilimali zitakazokuza jamii yetu na kuongeza wahariri wapya. Shukrani sana. — '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 10:12, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :Habari @[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]],Ninaunga mkono hoja hii ya mradi. Ni wazo zuri litakalosaidia kuongeza makala za filamu na waigizaji wa Asia, hususan C-Dramas na K-Dramas, katika Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Mradi huu utachangia kupunguza pengo la maudhui, kuongeza maarifa kwa wasomaji na kuwahamasisha wahariri wapya kushiriki katika kukuza Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Nakupongeza kwa kuanzisha wazo hili na ninatumaini litapata mafanikio. Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:20, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our sixtieth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 9, 10, 13, 15 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/09/28/world-malaria-day-2026-promoting-public-health-on-malaria-on-wikipedia-and-wikidata/|World Malaria Day 2026: Promoting Public Health on Malaria on Wikipedia and Wikidata]] (SDG 3) * [[diffblog:2026/10/05/how-wiki-loves-earths-images-expressed-love-in-2026/|How Wiki Loves Earth’s images expressed love in 2026]] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/10/06/climate-change-and-free-knowledge-workshops-for-editing-urgent-issues/|Climate Change and Free Knowledge: Workshops for Editing Urgent Issues]] (SDG 13) * [[diffblog:2026/10/10/from-india-to-uzbekistan-how-butterflies-brought-wikipedians-together/|From India to Uzbekistan: How Butterflies Brought Wikipedians Together]] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/10/10/my-wikigap-2026-journey-in-uganda-amplifying-womens-stories-through-wikimedia/|My WikiGap 2026 Journey in Uganda: Amplifying women’s stories through Wikimedia]] (SDG 5) * [https://zenodo.org/records/23350108 Contributing plant-related knowledge to the Wikiverse - How and why to collaborate] (SDG 15) ; Events * Upcoming :* 11 November: [[w:en:Wikipedia:24hr editathon for COP31|24hr editathon for COP31]] (SDG 13) * On-going: :* [[m:Maritime_Silk_Road_Edit-a-thon|Maritime Silk Road Edit a Thon]] (SDG 17) * Past: :* [[m:Event:Writing_Wikipedia_in_ASL:_A_Deaf_Editor%27s_Perspective_on_SignWriting,_Linguistics,_and_Access_to_Knowledge|Writing Wikipedia in ASL]] (SDG 10) :* [[d:Event:Query_Service_Days_2026|Query Service Days 2026]] (SDG 9) </div> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 07:58, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=31196080 --> cndz9wxgk76qdr4if6yiffhktbsswdx 0 133520 1612551 1535571 2026-11-02T11:25:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612551 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kristina wa Persia''' (alifariki [[559]]<ref>Wilmshurst (2011), p. 494, puts her death around 600, but Fiey (2004) proposes she died much earlier (around 363).</ref>) alikuwa [[mwanamke]] wa [[ukoo]] maarufu wa [[Uajemi]] ambaye alijiunga na [[Ukristo]] akapigwa viboko akauawa na [[Wasasanidi]] chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Kosroe I]] kwa ajili ya [[imani]] yake mpya<ref name=BHSE>Jeanne-Nicole Mellon Saint-Laurent et al., [http://syriaca.org/work/336 "Christine Yazdouy (text) — ܟܪܣܛܝܢܐ ܝܙܕܘܝ "] in ''Bibliotheca Hagiographica Syriaca Electronica'' (2015).</ref><ref>http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/44910</ref>. Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na [[Wakatoliki]], [[Waorthodoksi]] na [[Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki]] kama [[mtakatifu]] [[mfiadini]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[13 Machi]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref> au kesho yake<ref>[http://csla.history.ox.ac.uk/record.php?recid=S01385 Christina-Yazdoi, martyr in Persia] {{Wayback|url=http://csla.history.ox.ac.uk/record.php?recid=S01385 |date=20220331010946 }}, ''The Cult of Saints in Late Antiquity'' (University of Oxford, 2017).</ref>. ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Vyanzo== *P. Bedjan, ed., ''Acta Martyrum et Sanctorum'', IV (Paris, 1894), pp. [https://archive.org/details/Bedjan1894ActaMartyrumEtSanctorumVol.4/page/n471/mode/2up 201–207]. An edition of Babai's fragmentary biography. {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Category:Waliofariki 559]] [[Category:Wafiadini Wakristo]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Uajemi]] 9oosojctrtk1er5h75lxf9jlq2dpzsy 0 139316 1612480 1177560 2026-11-02T01:23:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612480 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jaribio la Kinema katika Elimu ya Bantu (BEKE)''', lilikuwa mradi wa Baraza la Wamishonari la Kimataifa kwa kushirikiana na Shirika la Carnegie la [[New York]] na [[serikali]] za [[wakoloni]] ya [[Uingereza]] huko [[Tanganyika]], [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], [[Rhodesia Kaskazini]] na [[Nyasaland]] katikati ya [[miaka ya 1930]]. <ref>Notcutt, L.A. and G.C. Latham, ''The African and the Cinema: An Account of the Work of the Bantu Educational Cinema Experiment during the Period March 1935 to May 1937'' (London: Edinburgh House Press, 1937).</ref> Mradi huo ulihusisha [[filamu]] za kielimu zilizochezwa na sinema za rununu kuelimisha [[Wabantu]]. Karibu filamu kama 35, mnamo 16mm, zilitengenezwa kati ya 1935 na 1937, wakati ruzuku ya Carnegie ilimalizika. Mradi huo uliongozwa na J. Merle Davis, mkurugenzi wa Idara ya Baraza la Wamisionari wa Kimataifa wa Utafiti wa Jamii na Viwanda; George Chitty Latham, mkuu wa zamani wa Idara ya Elimu ya Rhodesia Kaskazini; na Meja Leslie Allen Notcutt, meneja wa zamani wa mashamba nchini Kenya. Uzalishaji wa BEKE ulikuwa filamu za kimya zenye ubora wa chini na viwanja visivyo na kawaida ambavyo vilihusisha "mtu mwenye busara" (kutoa mfano mzuri) aliye juu ya "mtu mpumbavu" (anayeiga tabia mbaya). Wakati watendaji wengine walikuwa weusi, kila kitu kingine katika uzalishaji huo kilikuwa cha Uingereza, kikijenga uwakilishi wa kidunia wa Afrika na Waafrika. Mafundisho makuu yaliyoletwa na filamu yalikuwa juu ya usafi, njia za kilimo cha mazao ya fedha na uuzaji wa vyama vya ushirika; zingine zilikuwa "filamu za utangulizi" ambazo zilionyesha taasisi za utawala wa Uingereza. Filamu tatu tu za BEKE zilizosalia, na zinashikiliwa kwenye Jalada la Taasisi ya Filamu ya Uingereza: "Mafunzo ya mifugo ya Wenyeji wa Kiafrika" (1936), <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/1533 |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427182751/http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/1533 |archivedate=2021-04-27 |accessdate=2021-07-04 |url-status=dead}}</ref> "Tropical Hookworm" (1936), <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/735 |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415115922/http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/735 |archivedate=2021-04-15 |accessdate=2021-07-04 |url-status=dead}}</ref> na "Mashamba ya Wakulima wa Kiafrika - Jaribio la Kingolwira" (1936).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/230 |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019161509/http://colonialfilm.org.uk/node/230 |archivedate=2021-10-19 |accessdate=2021-07-04 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Afrika]] [[Jamii:Elimu Afrika]] [[Jamii:Editathon 2021-06 Morogor]] 9h7rzvdn9tl5vyksnbh8tyfypenoczg 1612507 1612480 2026-11-02T06:44:08Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1612507 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jaribio la Kinema katika Elimu ya Bantu (BEKE)''', lilikuwa mradi wa Baraza la Wamishonari la Kimataifa kwa kushirikiana na Shirika la Carnegie la [[New York]] na [[serikali]] za [[wakoloni]] ya [[Uingereza]] huko [[Tanganyika]], [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], [[Rhodesia Kaskazini]] na [[Nyasaland]] katikati ya [[miaka ya 1930]]. <ref>Notcutt, L.A. and G.C. Latham, ''The African and the Cinema: An Account of the Work of the Bantu Educational Cinema Experiment during the Period March 1935 to May 1937'' (London: Edinburgh House Press, 1937).</ref> Mradi huo ulihusisha [[filamu]] za kielimu zilizochezwa na sinema za rununu kuelimisha [[Wabantu]]. Karibu filamu kama 35, mnamo 16mm, zilitengenezwa kati ya 1935 na 1937, wakati ruzuku ya Carnegie ilimalizika. Mradi huo uliongozwa na J. Merle Davis, mkurugenzi wa Idara ya Baraza la Wamisionari wa Kimataifa wa Utafiti wa Jamii na Viwanda; George Chitty Latham, mkuu wa zamani wa Idara ya Elimu ya Rhodesia Kaskazini; na Meja Leslie Allen Notcutt, meneja wa zamani wa mashamba nchini Kenya. Uzalishaji wa BEKE ulikuwa filamu za kimya zenye ubora wa chini na viwanja visivyo na kawaida ambavyo vilihusisha "mtu mwenye busara" (kutoa mfano mzuri) aliye juu ya "mtu mpumbavu" (anayeiga tabia mbaya). Wakati watendaji wengine walikuwa weusi, kila kitu kingine katika uzalishaji huo kilikuwa cha Uingereza, kikijenga uwakilishi wa kidunia wa Afrika na Waafrika. Mafundisho makuu yaliyoletwa na filamu yalikuwa juu ya usafi, njia za kilimo cha mazao ya fedha na uuzaji wa vyama vya ushirika; zingine zilikuwa "filamu za utangulizi" ambazo zilionyesha taasisi za utawala wa Uingereza. Filamu tatu tu za BEKE zilizosalia, na zinashikiliwa kwenye Jalada la Taasisi ya Filamu ya Uingereza: "Mafunzo ya mifugo ya Wenyeji wa Kiafrika" (1936), <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/1533 |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427182751/http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/1533 |archivedate=2021-04-27 |accessdate=2021-07-04 |url-status=dead}}</ref> "Tropical Hookworm" (1936), <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/735 |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415115922/http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/735 |archivedate=2021-04-15 |accessdate=2021-07-04 |url-status=dead}}</ref> na "Mashamba ya Wakulima wa Kiafrika - Jaribio la Kingolwira" (1936).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/230 |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019161509/http://colonialfilm.org.uk/node/230 |archivedate=2021-10-19 |accessdate=2021-07-04 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Afrika]] [[Jamii:Elimu Afrika]] [[Jamii:Editathon 2021-06 Morogor]] g9o560jl8le0v3b16ltout5znia52n5 0 147354 1612434 1513089 2026-11-01T17:26:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612434 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = '''Grace Chinonyelum Anigbata''' |picha = |maelezo_ya_picha = |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = [[16 Septemba]] [[1998]] |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Nigeria]] |tarehe_ya_kufariki = |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = |anafahamika kwa = |kazi_yake = [[mwanariadha]] |nchi = [[Nigeria]] }} '''Grace Chinonyelum Anigbata''' (alizaliwa [[16 Septemba]] [[1998]]) ni [[mwanariadha]] kutoka nchini [[Nigeria]] ambaye ni mtaalamu wa [[Miruko mitatu|kuruka mara tatu]]. Alishiriki katika Michezo ya Afrika ya 2019 katika kuruka mara tatu na kushinda medali ya dhahabu.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/at/engat_athletics-results-women-s-triple-jump-1-01.htm|title=African Games (Athletics) Results - Women's Triple Jump Final|work=2019 AG official website|accessdate=26 August 2019|archivedate=2019-08-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826205553/https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/at/engat_athletics-results-women-s-triple-jump-1-01.htm}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://punchng.com/team-nigerias-anigbata-grabs-triple-jump-gold-as-ogundeji-wins-discus-silver/|title=Team Nigeria’s Anigbata grabs triple jump gold, as Ogundeji wins discus silver|work=punchng.com|accessdate=27 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/african-games-2019-rabat-kigen-rengeruk|title=KIGEN AND RENGERUK LEAD CHARGE FOR KENYA ON FIRST DAY OF AFRICAN GAMES|work=iaaf.org|accessdate=26 August 2019}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka [[2016]], Grace Anigbata alikuwa bingwa wa [[Nigeria]] wa kuruka juu akiwa na umri wa miaka 18, na kuruka kwa mita 1.70.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.makingofchamps.com/2016/07/09/olamigoke-wins-first-national-title-seasons-best-16-70m/|title=Olamigoke wins 1st National title with SB of 16.70m|work=makingofchamps.com|accessdate=7 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807125125/https://www.makingofchamps.com/2016/07/09/olamigoke-wins-first-national-title-seasons-best-16-70m/|archivedate=2018-08-07|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo [[2018]], alishinda hafla ya kuruka mara tatu ya ubingwa wa Afrika huko Asaba.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.tellerreport.com/sports/--athletics---african-championships--marie-jos%C3%A9e-ta-lou-doubles-the-bet-.SkFB_h_H7.html|title=Athletics / African Championships: Marie Josée Ta Lou Doubles the Bet|work=tellerreport.com|accessdate=8 August 2018|archive-date=2022-03-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306104015/https://www.tellerreport.com/sports/--athletics---african-championships--marie-jos%C3%A9e-ta-lou-doubles-the-bet-.SkFB_h_H7.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1998]] [[Jamii:Arusha Women in Wiki]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Wanariadha wa Nigeria]] 19dwysnnt9e638d7teyvhtz9ysn4xix 0 147958 1612450 1513495 2026-11-01T19:16:36Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612450 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} [[Picha:Hassan Fathy in Cairo (cropped).jpg|alt=Hassan Fathy|thumb|Hassan Fathy]] '''Hassan Fathy''' (Machi 23, [[1900]] &#x2013; 30 Novemba [[1989]]) alikuwa mbunifu mashuhuri wa Kiarabu ambaye alianzisha teknolojia ifaayo kwa ajili ya ujenzi nchini [[Misri]], hasa kwa kufanya kazi ya kurejesha matumizi ya [[Tofali bichi|adobe]] na ujenzi wa matope wa kitamaduni kinyume na miundo ya majengo ya magharibi, usanidi wa nyenzo, na uwekaji nje. Fathy alitambuliwa na Tuzo la Mwenyekiti wa Aga Khan kwa Usanifu mnamo 1980. Mnamo 2017, Google ilisherehekea Fathy kwa kutumia Google Doodle kwa "kuanzisha mbinu mpya [katika [[Usanifu majengo|usanifu]], kuheshimu mila turathi na mila za Misri, na kuthamini tabaka zote za maisha". <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2017/03/hassan-fathy-google-inspired-works-170323084504344.html|title=Hassan Fathy: Why is Google inspired by his works?|work=www.aljazeera.com|accessdate=2017-03-23}}</ref> Pia alituzwa na Muungano wa wasanifu wa kimataifa medali ya dhahabu mwaka wa 1984 na tuzo ya fasihi ya Kifaransa ya 1970 kwa kitabu chake. == Maisha binafsi == Hassan Fathy alizaliwa [[Aleksandria]] katika familia ya tabaka ya Kati ya Wamisri wa Juu. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://akhbarelyom.com/news/newdetails/473167/1/|title=المعماري المصري حسن فتحي _ مهندس الفقراء|work=akhbarelyom.com|accessdate=4 December 2020}}</ref> <ref>{{Citation|last=El-Rashidi|first=Yasmine|title=Remembering 'the Master'|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/Archive/2000/474/feature.htm|year=2000|publisher=[[Al-Ahram]]|access-date=16 September 2017|archive-date=2017-09-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916140211/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/Archive/2000/474/feature.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Alisoma na kufunzwa kama mbunifu huko [[Misri]], na kuhitimu mnamo 1926 kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha King Fuad (sasa Chuo Kikuu cha Cairo). <ref>Hassan Fathy - Biliotheca Alexandrina</ref>  Fathy alimuoa Aziza Hassanein, dadake Ahmed Hassanein . Alishawishiwa na usanifu wa usanifu wa vijijini wa Misri ya Juu na rahisi, alibuni jumba la kifahari lenye mtindo wa kusini kwa ajili ya mke wake kando ya [[Nile|Mto Nile]] huko Maadi, ambalo baadaye liliharibiwa ili kutoa nafasi kwa cornice mpya. Pia alitengeneza kaburi la kaka yake (1947), pamoja na Salah Salem, kwa mtindo wa Neo-Mamluk .  == Kazi == [[Picha:Gurna_Mosque_R01.jpg|thumb| [[Msikiti]] ulio Kurna, [[Luxor]] na Hassan Fathy]] [[Picha:Gurna_Mosque_R02.jpg|thumb| Paa na kuba la msikiti huko Kourna likionekana kutoka kwenye mnara]] Hassan Fathy alikuwa profesa-mhandisi-msanifu wa lugha tatu ulimwenguni, mwanamuziki mahiri, mwigizaji na mvumbuzi. Alibuni takriban miradi 160 tofauti, kutoka kwa makazi ya kawaida ya nchi hadi jamii zilizopangwa kikamilifu na [[polisi]], [[Moto|zimamoto]], na [[Tiba|huduma za matibabu]], soko, shule, sinema, na mahali pa ibada na burudani.  Jumuiya hizi zilijumuisha majengo mengi yanayofanya kazi kama vile vifaa vya kufulia, oveni na visima. Alitumia mbinu na vifaa vya kale vya usanifu, pamoja na ujuzi wa hali ya kiuchumi ya vijijini ya Misri na ujuzi mpana wa mbinu za kale za usanifu na usanifu wa miji.  Aliwafundisha wenyeji kutengeneza vifaa vyao wenyewe na kujenga majengo yao wenyewe. anajulikana sana kwa kusema Ideas "zimefanya matokeo ya ajabu" === Kazi ya awali/Gourna Mpya === Alianza kufundisha katika Chuo cha Sanaa Nzuri mnamo 1930 na akasanifu majengo yake ya kwanza ya adobe mwishoni mwa mwaka wa1930.  Fathy alipata sifa kubwa ya kimataifa kwa kuhusika kwake katika ujenzi wa New Gourna, iliyoko kwenye Ukingo wa Magharibi wa [[Luxor]], uliojengwa ili kukipa makazi mapya kijiji cha Gourna kupitia ujuzi aliojifunza kutoka kwa wanubi; kilichoangukia ndani ya maeneo ya kiakiolojia ya [[Bonde la Wafalme]] na Bonde la Queens . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Arts In Egypt|url=http://www.bumblehood.com/article/to6qLAcDRXKqwaoi8EZ4LA|accessdate=10 May 2012}}</ref> [[Picha:New_Gourna_Village_-_Craft's_Exhibition-_Section.jpg|thumb| Kijiji Kipya cha Gourna - Maonyesho ya Ufundi- Sehemu]] Mpango wa Fathy ulibuni mbinu muhimu za masuala ya kiuchumi, kijamii na urembo ambayo kwa kawaida huathiri ujenzi wa nyumba za gharama ya chini nafuu kwa wote. Kuhusiana na masuala ya kiuchumi, Fathy alibainisha kuwa chuma cha kimuundo hakikuwa chaguo sahihi kwa nchi maskini, na kwamba hata vifaa kama vile saruji, mbao na kioo havikuwa vya bei nafuu. Ili kushughulikia suala hili, Fathy badala yake alibuni mpango uliojumuisha matumizi ya teknolojia inayofaa, haswa ujenzi wa matofali ya matope. Akibainisha kuwa kijiji hicho cha kitamaduni, ingawa kilikuwa na matatizo ya msongamano wa watu na usafi wa mazingira duni pia kilikuwa kielelezo cha "jamii iliyo hai katika ugumu wake wote," Fathy alijitahidi kubuni New Gourna kwa namna ambayo ilishughulikia matatizo ya kijamii, ikiwa ni pamoja na kujaribu kushauriana moja kwa moja. na "kila familia katika Gourna" na kutetea ushirikishwaji wa wataalamu wa masuala ya kijamii katika mchakato wa kupanga. <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Architecture for the Poor: An Experiment in Rural Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/architectureforp0000fath|last=Fathy|first=Hassan|date=1973|publisher=University of Chicago}}</ref> Licha ya hayo, wenyeji wa kijiji hicho cha zamani hawakuwa na shauku ya kuhama, ambayo iliwazuia kwa ufanisi kutoka kwa maisha yao ya sasa ya kufanya biashara katika uvumbuzi wa kiakiolojia. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Bertini|first=Viola|title=Hassan Fathy (1900-1989)|url=https://www.architectural-review.com/essays/reputations/hassan-fathy-1900-1989/10046326.article|work=The Architectural Review|accessdate=July 15, 2020}}</ref> Kuhusiana na masuala ya urembo, Fathy alitilia mkazo miundo ya kitamaduni ya usanifu wa [[Nubia|Wanubi]] ambayo aliiona katika safari ya mwaka wa 1941 katika eneo hilo (ua uliofunikwa; kuezekea paa), akitoa kile ambacho Fathy alikielezea kama "nyumba pana, za kupendeza, safi na zenye usawa." Pia alitumia mbinu za kitamaduni za mapambo ya Wanubi ( claustra, aina ya kimiani ya matope), pamoja na mbinu za usanifu wa lugha za kienyeji za mkoa wa Gourna. Wakosoaji wengine wameona, hata hivyo, kwamba mradi wa Fathy kwa Gourna sio mfano bora zaidi wa jinsi ya kutanguliza usanifu wa lugha ya kienyeji katika mpango wa mijini, ikizingatiwa kwamba usanifu wa kutawaliwa na Fathy hutumiwa jadi kwa usanifu wa mazishi badala ya nafasi za makazi au za nyumbani <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hassan Fathy and The Architecture for the Poor: The Controversy of Success|url=http://www.archidatum.com/articles/hassan-fathy-and-the-architecture-for-the-poor-the-controversy-of-success/|work=Archidatum|accessdate=July 15, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331110730/http://www.archidatum.com/articles/hassan-fathy-and-the-architecture-for-the-poor-the-controversy-of-success/|archivedate=2022-03-31|url-status=dead}}</ref> Licha ya juhudi, na pia maswala sahihi aliyoshughulikia wakati wa kujenga New Gourna, kupitia uchapishaji wake, ''[https://aucpress.com/product/architecture-for-the-poor/ Usanifu wa Maskini] {{Wayback|url=https://aucpress.com/product/architecture-for-the-poor/ |date=20220117080912 }}'', anaelezea "Jaribio la Gourna" kuwa halikufaulu. Anataja katika ''[https://aucpress.com/product/architecture-for-the-poor/ Usanifu kwa Maskini] {{Wayback|url=https://aucpress.com/product/architecture-for-the-poor/ |date=20220117080912 }}, "'' jaribio la Gourna lilishindwa." <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Architecture for the Poor An Experiment in Rural Egypt|last=Fathy|first=Hassan|publisher=University of Chicago Press|year=2010|location=Chicago|pages=149}}</ref> [[Picha:NewQurnaHouses.jpg|thumb| Nyumba za makazi huko New Gourna]] Anaeleza zaidi hali ya kushindwa kuwa kutokana na kijiji kutokamilika na ujenzi kusitishwa, nadharia ya ujenzi wa tofali za udongo ilionekana kuwa ngumu zaidi na isiyowezekana. Licha ya nadharia kupotea kabisa, kwamba hapakuwa na mtu yeyote ambaye alijaribu kutafuta njia zingine za vitendo za kupata nyumba za wakulima zilizojengwa kwa ufanisi. Kulikuwa na masuala zaidi aliyokutana nayo, kama vile yeye kusema "Hii ni kwa sababu hakuna mbunifu anayejua gharama halisi ya ujenzi." <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Gourna; a tale of two villages|last=Fathy|first=Hassan|publisher=Ministry of Culture|year=1969|pages=151}}</ref> Ingawa anazama zaidi katika wazo hilo, kwa kuzungumza juu ya jinsi ambavyo hakuna mtu anayejua bei au gharama, kwa sababu tuko katika huruma ya uchumi. Licha ya mitazamo hasi aliyokuwa nayo akiandika vitabu hivi, aliweza kuifanya Gourna kuwa jumuiya, na mpaka leo bado imehifadhiwa huku 40% tu ya majengo ya awali yakipotea. Bado imesimama kwa sababu ya kuwekwa kwenye Watch Monument Watch ya 2010, na UNESCO na World Monuments Fund ziliungana. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=New Gourna Village|url=https://www.wmf.org/project/new-gourna-village|accessdate=2021-12-07|work=World Monuments Fund|language=en}}</ref> === Kazi za baadaye === Mnamo 1953 alirudi [[Kairo]], akiongoza Sehemu ya Usanifu wa Kitivo cha Sanaa Nzuri mnamo 1954. Shughuli kubwa iliyofuata ya Fathy ilikuwa kubuni na kusimamia ujenzi wa shule kwa Wizara ya Elimu ya Misri. Kupitia kazi yake ya miaka, na haswa baada ya New Gourna, alilenga urasimu kuwa moja ya sababu kuu ambazo jaribio hilo lilishindwa, ambalo liliathiri hatua za baadaye kama vile mnamo 1957, kuchanganyikiwa na urasimu na kushawishika kuwa majengo yaliyoundwa kwa njia za jadi zinazofaa. hali ya hewa ya eneo hilo ingezungumza kwa sauti kubwa kuliko maneno, alihamia [[Athens|Athene]] ili kushirikiana na wapangaji wa kimataifa wanaotoa kanuni za muundo wa ekistical chini ya uongozi wa Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis . Alihudumu kama mtetezi wa ufumbuzi wa jadi wa nishati asilia katika miradi mikuu ya jumuiya ya [[Iraq]] na [[Pakistan|Pakistani]] na akachukua muda mrefu wa kusafiri na utafiti kwa ajili ya programu ya "Miji ya Baadaye" barani [[Afrika]] .  Kurudi Kairo mwaka wa 1963, alihamia Darb al-Labbana, karibu na Ngome ya Cairo, ambako aliishi na kufanya kazi maisha yake yote. Pia alifanya mazungumzo ya umma na ushauri wa kibinafsi. Alikuwa mtu mwenye ujumbe mzito katika enzi akitafuta njia mbadala za [[Fueli|mafuta]], mwingiliano wa kibinafsi na usaidizi wa kiuchumi. Aliacha nafasi yake kuu ya kwanza ya kimataifa, katika Jumuiya ya Amerika ya Kuendeleza Sayansi huko Boston, mnamo 1969 ili kukamilisha safari nyingi kwa mwaka kama mshiriki mkuu muhimu wa taaluma ya usanifu. Kushiriki kwake katika kongamano la kwanza la Umoja wa Mataifa la Makazi mwaka 1976 huko [[Vancouver]] ambalo lilifuatiwa na matukio mawili ambayo yaliathiri kwa kiasi kikubwa shughuli zake zingine. Alianza kuhudumu katika kamati ya uongozi ya [http://www.akdn.org/our-agencies/aga-khan-trust-culture/aga-khan-award-architecture/1978-1980-cycle/chairmans-award Tuzo changa la Aga Khan la Usanifu] na alianzisha na kuweka kanuni elekezi kwa Taasisi yake ya Teknolojia Inayofaa. Alishiriki mwaka wa 1979 wa kongamano lililoitwa kwa heshima yake 'Usanifu wa Maskini' huko Corsica (Ufaransa) Alzipratu. <ref>{{Rejea habari|title=Hassan Fathy en Corse|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1979/06/21/hassan-fathy-en-corse_2775667_1819218.html}}</ref> Mnamo 1980, alitunukiwa Tuzo la Balzan la Usanifu na Mipango ya Miji na Tuzo la Haki ya Kuishi. Fathy alibuni msikiti na madrasa, iliyojengwa kwa [[Tofali bichi|adobe]], huko Dar al-Islam, kituo cha elimu karibu na Abiquiú, New Mexico, Marekani. Majengo makuu yalikamilishwa mwaka wa 1981, na Dar al-Islam kufunguliwa mwaka wa 1982. == Kifo == Hassan Fathy alikufa mnamo Novemba 30, 1989. Alikufa huko [[Kairo|Cairo]], Misri. Alikufa kwa amani nyumbani kwake, na akafa kwa sababu za kawaida. [[Picha:NewQurnaHouseFacade.jpg|thumb| Mabaki ya nyumba huko New Gourna]] == Urithi == Fathy ameitwa mbunifu mashuhuri zaidi wa Misri tangu [[Imhotep]] . Mradi wa Fathy's New Gourna ulipongezwa katika gazeti maarufu la kila wiki la Uingereza mnamo 1947 na mara baada ya katika jarida la kitaaluma la Uingereza; makala zaidi yalichapishwa katika Kihispania, Kifaransa  na kwa Kiholanzi.  Baadaye, Fathy angeandika kitabu kuhusu mradi wa New Gourna, kilichochapishwa awali na Wizara ya Utamaduni ya Cairo katika toleo dogo mnamo 1969, chenye kichwa ''Gourna: Tale of Two Villages''. Mnamo 1973 ilichapishwa tena na Chuo Kikuu cha Chicago kama ''Usanifu kwa Maskini: ambalo ni Jaribio katika Misiri ya Vijijini''. Uthamini kamili wa umuhimu wa mchango wa Fathy katika usanifu wa ulimwengu ulionekana wazi tu karne ya ishirini ilipofifia. [[Tabianchi|Hali ya hewa]], masuala ya afya ya umma, na ujuzi wa ufundi wa kale pia uliathiri maamuzi yake ya muundo. Kulingana na muundo wa miundo ya majengo ya kale, Fathy alijumuisha kuta za matofali mnene na aina za ua wa kitamaduni ili kutoa hali ya kupoeza tu. Fathy pia anajulikana kwa kufufua jumba la jadi la Wanubi . <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Hassan Fathy, An Egyptian Ambition|last=collective, dir. Serge Santelli|publisher=Gezira Art Center|year=2011–2012}}</ref>  Hadithi za Kitaifa za Maisha zilifanya mahojiano ya historia ya simulizi (C467/37) na Hassan Fathy mwaka wa 1986 kwa ajili ya mkusanyiko wake wa Wasanifu Maisha unaoshikiliwa na Maktaba ya Uingereza. Hassan Fathy alitumia vidhibiti upepo na mbinu zingine za kupoeza na uingizaji hewa tulivu kutoka kwa usanifu wa kitamaduni. Aliandika [https://web.archive.org/web/20150327125743/http://archive.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80a01e/80A01E00.htm kitabu] juu yao. <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=http://archive.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80a01e/80A01E00.htm|title=Natural Energy and Vernacular Architecture|last=Fathy|first=Hassan}} ''(free fulltext)''</ref> Fathy ameangaziwa katika filamu ya hali halisi ''Il ne suffit pas que dieu soit avec les pauvres'' (1978) na Borhane Alaouié na Lotfi Thabet. <ref>{{Citation|last=Alaouié|first=Borhane|title=Il ne suffit pas que Dieu soit avec les pauvres|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5885842/?ref_=nm_knf_t2|type=Documentary|others=Hassan Fathy|access-date=2021-01-14|last2=Thabet|first2=Lotfi}}</ref> inayokaririwa na lugha ya kifaransa == Mkusanyo == Kumbukumbu nzima ya Hassan Fathy ambayo inajumuisha mipango yake ya usanifu, picha na hati iko katika [https://library.aucegypt.edu/libraries/rbscl Maktaba ya Vitabu Adilifu na Mikusanyiko Maalum] {{Wayback|url=https://library.aucegypt.edu/libraries/rbscl |date=20240315110234 }} katika Chuo Kikuu cha Marekani huko Cairo .' Mkusanyiko huo unajumuisha takriban mipango 5000 ya usanifu, picha 15,000 na mawasiliano yake, maandishi na karatasi na nyenzo zingine zilizokusanywa. == Machapisho == Hassan Fathy ana idadi ya machapisho. Kitabu chake cha kwanza cha [https://aucpress.com/product/architecture-for-the-poor/ ''Usanifu wa Maskini''] {{Wayback|url=https://aucpress.com/product/architecture-for-the-poor/ |date=20220117080912 }} kilichapishwa hapo awali na Wizara ya Utamaduni ya Misri mnamo 1969 chini ya jina la ''Al-Gurna: Tale of Two Villages.'' Pia kuna idadi inayoongezeka ya vitabu kuhusu Hassan Fathy. Orodha hiyo inajumuisha: * El-Wakil, [https://www.amazon.com/Hassan-Fathy-dans-son-temps/dp/2884744576 ''Hassan Fathy dans son temps''], Infolio, 2013 (juzuu iliyohaririwa) * El-Wakil, L. 2018. [https://aucpress.com/product/hassan-fathy-2/ ''Hassan Fathy: maisha ya usanifu''] {{Wayback|url=https://aucpress.com/product/hassan-fathy-2/ |date=20220124003255 }} . Chuo Kikuu cha Marekani katika Cairo Press, New York; Cairo (kiasi kilichohaririwa) * Damluji, S. na Bertini, V., 2018. [https://www.amazon.com/Hassan-Fathy-Earth-Utopia-Original/dp/178627261X/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=Hassan+Fathy%3A+Earth+%26+Utopia&qid=1614169825&s=books&sr=1-1 ''Hassan Fathy: Dunia na Utopia''] . London: Laurence King. * Dávid, Dóra na Vasáros, Zsolt (2020) ''[http://real.mtak.hu/115424/ Machapisho ya Ofisi ya Mshauri wa Kitamaduni wa Hungaria mjini Cairo 2018-2019] .'' ''Utafiti wa Sasa wa Ujumbe wa Utafiti wa Hassan Fathy nchini Misri.'' Ripoti ya Mradi. Idara ya Usanifu wa Majengo ya Viwanda na Kilimo na Ofisi ya Mshauri wa Kitamaduni wa Hungaria huko Cairo, Budapest na Cairo. == Angalia pia == * Ramses Wissa Wassef * Laurie Baker * Geoffrey Bawa * Muzharul Islam * Charles Correa * Abdel-Wahed El-Wakil * [[:en:Nayyar_Ali_Dada|Nayyar Ali Dada]] * Msingi wa Agha Khan == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} * <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFFathy1976">[[Special:BookSources/9780226239163|9780226239163]]</cite></bdi> [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1989]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1900]] [[Jamii:watu wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Pages with unreviewed translations]] aqn4l5m79an8qyxoo86z61o674tai0n 0 161394 1612514 1516806 2026-11-02T07:16:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Msanii muziki | rangi = Khaki | jina = Kenny Thomas | picha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina la kiraia = Kenny Thomas | jina la kisanii = Kenny Thomas | jina kamili = Kenny Thomas | alizaliwa = [[12 Septemba]] [[1968]] | alikufa = | nchi = [[Uingereza]] | aina ya muziki = [[Soul]], [[R&B]] | kazi yake = Mwanamuziki | miaka ya kazi = 1988 - hadi leo | ameshirikiana na = | ala = | kampuni = }} '''Kenny Thomas''' (alizaliwa [[Islington]], [[London]], [[12 Septemba]] [[1968]]) ni [[mwimbaji]] kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alikuwa na [[kazi]] nzuri katika [[miaka ya 1990]], akiingiza [[Wimbo|nyimbo]] nane kwenye chati za [[UK top 40]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title= Gig review: Kenny Thomas at O2 Academy Sheffield |url= https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/whats-on/arts-and-entertainment/gig-review-kenny-thomas-at-o2-academy-sheffield-3670207 |work= Yorkshire Post | accessdate=2022-07-04|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.crossrhythms.co.uk/articles/music/Kenny_Thomas_Soul_Singer_In_A_Crazy_World/23202/p1/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930004518/http://www.crossrhythms.co.uk/articles/music/Kenny_Thomas_Soul_Singer_In_A_Crazy_World/23202/p1/ |archivedate=2018-09-30 |accessdate=2022-11-13 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Maisha binafsi== Thomas alikulia Hillside Estate, Stamford Hill na alihudhuria [[shule]] ya ''Kardinali Pole Roman Catholic'' huko Hackney. Aliwahi kuwa [[bondia]] na [[fundi]] kwenye [[kampuni]] ya ''BT technician'' kabla ya kuanza [[kazi]] kama [[mwimbaji]]. Sasa anaishi [[Costessey]] karibu na [[Norwich]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title= 1990s hitmaker on the road again after Covid battle |url=https://www.eveningnews24.co.uk/news/health/22334313.1990s-hitmaker-road-covid-battle/|work= Evening News24| accessdate=2021-12-15|language=en}}</ref> ==Kazi== Mafanikio ya Thomas yalikuja mnamo [[1991]] alipotoa [[wimbo]] wa kwanza ''Outstanding'', ambao ulifika mpaka namba 12 kwenye [[UK Singles Chart]]; wimbo ambao toleo la kwanza ulitolewa na [[Gap Band]]. Mwaka huo huo alifanikiwa kuingiza nyimbo nyingine tatu kwenye [[chati]] za [[UK]] ikiwemo uliyovuma zaidi ''Thinking About Your Love'' ambao ulifika namba 4 kwenye chati hizo na kukaa kwa wiki 13 na wimbo wa ''Best of You'' ambao ulifika namba 11 naulidumu kwenye chati kwa wiki [[saba]]. [[Albamu]] ya kwanza ya Thomas ''Voices'' ([[1991]]) ilifikia nambari tatu kwenye [[chati]] ya albamu za [[Uingereza]], ikiuza zaidi ya nakala 300,000. ==Tuzo== Mnamo [[1992]] Thomas aliteuliwa kwenye [[tuzo]] za kila mwaka za [[BRIT Awards]] katika kategoria mbili, [[mwimbaji]] bora wa kiume wa [[Uingereza]] na [[mwimbaji]] chipukizi wa [[Uingereza]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Thomas, Kenny}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1968]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7z5n2vvg5imn9c2s6mxxs6l0cw045wy 0 162310 1612511 1524917 2026-11-02T07:01:50Z CommonsDelinker 234 Replacing EHT_Saggitarius_A_black_hole.tif with [[File:EHT_Sagittarius_A_black_hole.tif]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error)). 1612511 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:EHT Sagittarius A black hole.tif|thumb|Picha ya kwanza ya '''Sagitarius A*''' iliotolewa Mei, 2022.]] '''Sagittarius A*''', kwa ufupi '''Sgr A*''' ni [[shimo jeusi]] katika kiini cha [[galaksi]] ya [[Njia nyeupe]],<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Scientists find proof a black hole is lurking at the centre of our galaxy|url=https://metro.co.uk/2018/10/31/scientists-find-proof-a-supermassive-black-hole-is-lurking-at-the-centre-of-the-milky-way-8092994/|work=Metro|date=2018-10-31|accessdate=2022-12-13|language=en|author=Jeff Parsons}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=A 'mind-boggling' telescope observation has revealed the point of no return for our galaxy's monster black hole - The Middletown Press|url=https://www.middletownpress.com/technology/businessinsider/article/Supermassive-black-holes-gorge-themselves-on-a-7971243.php|work=web.archive.org|date=2018-10-31|accessdate=2022-12-13|archivedate=2018-10-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031144008/https://www.middletownpress.com/technology/businessinsider/article/Supermassive-black-holes-gorge-themselves-on-a-7971243.php}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Astronomers see material orbiting a black hole *right* at the edge of forever|url=https://www.syfy.com/syfy-wire/astronomers-see-material-orbiting-a-black-hole-right-at-the-edge-of-forever|work=SYFY Official Site|date=2018-11-07|accessdate=2022-12-13|language=en-US}}</ref> lenye tungamo wa takriban milioni 4.3 wa Jua.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Supermassive Black Hole Sagittarius A*|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/multimedia/black-hole-SagittariusA.html|work=NASA|date=2015-05-20|accessdate=2022-12-13|author=Brooke Boen}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea jarida|last=Revnivtsev|first=M. G.|last2=Churazov|first2=E. M.|last3=Sazonov|first3=S. Yu|last4=Sunyaev|first4=R. A.|last5=Lutovinov|first5=A. A.|last6=Gilfanov|first6=M. R.|last7=Vikhlinin|first7=A. A.|last8=Shtykovsky|first8=P. E.|last9=Pavlinsky|first9=M. N.|date=2004-10-01|title=Hard X-ray view of the past activity of Sgr A in a natural Compton mirror|url=https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2004/39/aagh113/aagh113.html|journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics|language=en|volume=425|issue=3|pages=L49–L52|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:200400064|issn=0004-6361}}</ref> Iko karibu na mpaka wa makundinyota ya [[Mshale (kundinyota)|Mshale]] na [[Nge (kundinyota)|Nge]], karibu 5.6° kusini mwa [[njia ya Jua]],<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Equatorial and Ecliptic Coordinates|url=https://frostydrew.org/utilities.dc/convert/tool-eq_coordinates/pss-fdo/|work=Frosty Drew Observatory & Sky Theatre|accessdate=2022-12-13|language=en|author=Scott MacNeill}}</ref> karibu na [[Fungu la Kipepeo|Fungu la Kipepeo (M6)]] na Shaula (λ Scorpii). Kitu hicho ni chenye kung'aa sana, na chanzo cha redio za angani na chenye mchanganyiko mkubwa wa mahala pamoja. Jina Sagittarius A* linafuata kutokana na sababu za kihistoria. Mwaka 1954<ref>{{Rejea jarida|last=Kraus|first=J. D.|last2=Ko|first2=H. C.|last3=Matt|first3=S.|date=1954-12-01|title=Galactic and localized source observations at 250 megacycles per second.|url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1954AJ.....59..439K|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=59|pages=439–443|doi=10.1086/107059|issn=0004-6256}}</ref> [[John D. Kraus]], [[Hsien-Ching Ko]], na [[Sean Matt]] waliorodhesha vyanzo vya redio walivyovitambulika kwa darubini ya redio ya Chuo Kikuu cha Ohio State katika 250 MHz ([[mawimbi ya redio]]). Vyanzo hivyo vilipangwa na kundi la nyota na barua waliyopewa ilikuwa haielewwki, huku A ikiashiria chanzo cha redio angavu zaidi ndani ya kundi hilo. [[:en:Asterisk|Asterisk]] ni kwa sababu ugunduzi wake ulichukuliwa kuwa "wa kusisimua"<ref>{{Rejea jarida|last=Goss|first=W. M.|last2=Brown|first2=Robert L.|last3=Lo|first3=K. Y.|date=2003-09|title=The Discovery of Sgr A*|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asna.200385047|journal=Astronomische Nachrichten|language=en|volume=324|issue=S1|pages=497–504|doi=10.1002/asna.200385047|issn=0004-6337}}</ref>, sambamba na nomenclature kwa atomi za [[:en:Excited_state|hali ya kusisimua]] ambazo zinaonyeshwa na asterisk (kwa mfano hali ya kusisimua ya [[:en:Helium|Helium]] ingekuwa [[:en:Helium|He*]]). Asterisk ilipewa (andikwa na_) na Robert L. Brown, mwaka 1982<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=1982ApJ...262..110B Page 110|url=https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1982ApJ...262..110B|work=adsabs.harvard.edu|accessdate=2022-12-13}}</ref>, ambaye alielewa kuwa uzalishaji mkubwa wa mawimbi redio kutoka katikati ya galaksi ulionekana ni kutokana na compact nonthermal radio object (kitu chenye mgandamizo mkubwa ya mawimbi redio). == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-sayansi}} [[Jamii:Mashimo meusi]] [[Jamii:African Youth Month 2022]] fel2eqpr90xxb2h4jb5sx33en45jghz 0 168982 1612433 1512982 2026-11-01T17:06:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612433 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Lengwe, Staubli (16726043852).jpg|thumb|Gladys Lengwe (kushoto) mnamo 2015]] '''Gladys Lengwe''' (alizaliwa [[6 Februari]], [[1978]]), ni [[Refa|mwamuzi]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa kimataifa kutoka nchini [[Zambia]]. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://worldreferee.com/referee/gladys_lengwe/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415114247/https://worldreferee.com/referee/gladys_lengwe/ |archivedate=2023-04-15 |accessdate=2023-04-15 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://int.women.soccerway.com/referees/gladys-lengwe/333700/|title=Zambia - G. Lengwe - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Women Soccerway|accessdate=2023-04-15|archive-date=2023-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415114246/https://int.women.soccerway.com/referees/gladys-lengwe/333700/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alikuwa mmoja wa waamuzi katika [[Kombe la Dunia la FIFA]] la Wanawake mwaka 2019 nchini [[Ufaransa]]. <ref>[https://de.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/aufgebot-der-spieloffiziellen-fur-die-fifa-frauen-wm-2019tm FIFA.com]</ref> <ref>[https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1b485598f8f5a1cd/original/n8eqnjfvnrfpvqt0msyx-pdf.pdf FIFA.com]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Zambia]] efpm3yqfcqsimfjxd349840b5d62xwa 1612464 1612433 2026-11-01T22:27:18Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1612464 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Lengwe, Staubli (16726043852).jpg|thumb|Gladys Lengwe (kushoto) mnamo 2015]] '''Gladys Lengwe''' (alizaliwa [[6 Februari]], [[1978]]), ni [[Refa|mwamuzi]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa kimataifa kutoka nchini [[Zambia]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://worldreferee.com/referee/gladys_lengwe/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415114247/https://worldreferee.com/referee/gladys_lengwe/ |archivedate=2023-04-15 |accessdate=2023-04-15 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://int.women.soccerway.com/referees/gladys-lengwe/333700/|title=Zambia - G. Lengwe - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Women Soccerway|accessdate=2023-04-15|archive-date=2023-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415114246/https://int.women.soccerway.com/referees/gladys-lengwe/333700/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alikuwa mmoja wa waamuzi katika [[Kombe la Dunia la FIFA]] la Wanawake mwaka 2019 nchini [[Ufaransa]]. <ref>[https://de.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/aufgebot-der-spieloffiziellen-fur-die-fifa-frauen-wm-2019tm FIFA.com]</ref> <ref>[https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1b485598f8f5a1cd/original/n8eqnjfvnrfpvqt0msyx-pdf.pdf FIFA.com]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Zambia]] 9up4j5zpr0wmzq2hv3u8ho5bc33qaf0 0 171621 1612492 1515967 2026-11-02T04:03:50Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612492 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Josta Dladla''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[13 Julai]] [[1979]], [[Soweto]], [[Gauteng]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[soka]] wa Afrika Kusini, [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]], anayechezea klabu ya [[Moroka Swallows]] inayoshiriki ligi ya National First Division na [[Bafana Bafana|Timu ya Taifa ya Afrika Kusini]]. ==Maisha ya Awali== Dladla alizaliwa [[Soweto]] na alikulia akiishi na bibi yake. Nguo yake ya kwanza ya michezo ilikuwa [[Puma AG|Puma Jomo Sono King]] na alipewa na rafiki wa familia yake mwaka 1986. Alisoma Shule ya Msingi ya Tsugang huko [[Soweto]]. Baba yake alikuwa akifanya kazi [[Uingereza]] na alipanda ndege kwa mara ya kwanza alipokuwa Kidato cha 8 mwaka 1995 alipokwenda kumtembelea wakati wa likizo ya Desemba.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://m.kaizerchiefs.com/?name=kaizerchiefs&artId=1162461&i=4690&showonly=1 | title=Home - Kaizer Chiefs FC | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826133751/http://m.kaizerchiefs.com/?name=kaizerchiefs&artId=1162461&i=4690&showonly=1 | archivedate=2014-08-26 | accessdate=2023-06-12 | url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Kazi ya Klabu== Alijiunga na Wits mwaka 1999 akiwa bado shuleni na alivaa nambari 21 ambayo ilikuwa inapatikana na alipata R1000,00 kwa mwezi.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://m.kaizerchiefs.com/?name=kaizerchiefs&artId=1162461&i=4690&showonly=1 | title=Home - Kaizer Chiefs FC | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826133751/http://m.kaizerchiefs.com/?name=kaizerchiefs&artId=1162461&i=4690&showonly=1 | archivedate=2014-08-26 | accessdate=2023-06-12 | url-status=dead }}</ref> Dladla alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza ya kitaalamu dhidi ya AmaZulu katika sare ya 1-1 tarehe 19 Desemba 1999.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.supersport.com/tennis/content.aspx?id=17543&print=1|title = SuperSport}}</ref> Dladla alipata umaarufu kwa uwezo wake mkubwa wa kuandaa mchezo, na hatimaye akauzwa kwa [[AGF Aarhus]] mwishoni mwa msimu wa 2001/02.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bidvestwits.co.za/club-profile/ |title=Club Profile &#124; Bidvest Wits |accessdate=2014-08-24 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826113609/http://www.bidvestwits.co.za/club-profile/ |archivedate=26 August 2014 }}</ref> Alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza wiki mbili baadaye, akifunga katika ushindi wa 4-3 dhidi ya [[Viborg FF|Viborg]], akiwasaidia kushinda mechi yao ya kwanza katika mwezi mmoja. Mwenzake wa nchi [[Sibusiso Zuma]] pia alifunga kwa klabu yake dhidi ya [[Esjberg]]. Dladla, kwa mujibu wa magazeti ya Denmark, alisemekana kuwa ''anazidi'' Zuma, Dladla pia alisema "Kuna vurugu gani hii kuhusu Sibusiso Zuma? Mimi ni bora kuliko yeye!".<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.iol.co.za/sport/dladla-outshines-zuma-in-denmark-1.510793?ot=inmsa.ArticlePrintPageLayout.ot|title = Dladla outshines Zuma in Denmark}}</ref> Alicheza mechi yake ya mwisho kwa Aarhus dhidi ya timu ile ile aliyofanya mechi yake ya kwanza [[Viborg FF]] tarehe 29 Mei 2004 akipoteza 2-0.<ref>http://www.danskfodbold.com/spiller.php?ligaid=2001&spillerid=10083</ref> Alijiunga na [[Mamelodi Sundowns]] mwaka 2004, ambapo alifunga mabao 15 katika mechi 122 na kushinda [[SAA Supa8]], [[Nedbank Cup]] na mataji mawili ya ligi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2011/09/04/dladla-ready-to-tattoo-chiefs-name-on-psl-title|title = Dladla ready to tattoo Chiefs' name on PSL title}}</ref> Alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza tarehe 7 Februari 2009 katika kichapo cha 2-1 dhidi ya [[Moroka Swallows]]. Alikuwa akifunga bao lake la kwanza tarehe 29 Novemba 2011 katika ushindi wa 3-0 dhidi ya [[Bidvest Wits]] baada ya kukimbia peke yake kutoka katikati ya uwanja mpaka ndani ya boksi katika dakika ya 90.{{citation needed|date=February 2014}} ==Takwimu== ===Klabu=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! colspan=3 | Utendaji wa Klabu ! colspan=2 | Ligi |- ! Msimu !! Klabu !! Ligi ! Mechi !! Mabao ! Mechi !! Mabao ! Mechi !! Mabao ! Mechi !! Mabao ! Mechi !! Mabao |- |- ! colspan=2 | Ligi |- |[[1999–00 Premier Soccer League|1999–00]]||rowspan="1"|[[Bidvest Wits F.C.|Wits University]]||15||1|| |- |[[2000–01 Premier Soccer League|2000–01]]||rowspan="1"|[[Bidvest Wits F.C.|Wits University]]||34||7|| |- |[[2001–02 Premier Soccer League|2001–02]]||rowspan="1"|[[Bidvest Wits F.C.|Wits University]]||31||9|| |- |[[2001–02 Danish Superliga|2001–02]]||rowspan="1"|[[AGF Aarhus]]||5||1|| |- |[[2002–03 Danish Superliga|2002–03]]||rowspan="1"|[[AGF Aarhus]]||26||5|| |- |[[2003–04 Danish Superliga|2003–04]]|| rowspan="1"|[[AGF Aarhus]]||31||3|| |- |[[2004–05 Premier Soccer League|2004–05]]||rowspan="1"|[[Mamelodi Sundowns]]||18||0|| |- |[[2005–06 Premier Soccer League|2005–06]]||rowspan="1"|[[Mamelodi Sundowns]]||23||5|| |- |[[2006–07 Premier Soccer League|2006–07]]||rowspan="1"|[[Mamelodi Sundowns]]||23||2|| |- |[[2007–08 Premier Soccer League|2007–08]]||rowspan="1"|[[Mamelodi Sundowns]]||26||5|| |- |[[2008–09 Premier Soccer League|2008–09]]||rowspan="1"|[[Mamelodi Sundowns]]||9||1|| |- |[[2008–09 Premier Soccer League|2008–09]]||rowspan="1"|[[Kaizer Chiefs]]||9||0|| |- |[[2009–10 Premier Soccer League|2009–10]]||rowspan="1"|[[Kaizer Chiefs]]||27||4|| |- |[[2010–11 Premier Soccer League|2010–11]]||rowspan="1"|[[Kaizer Chiefs]]||23||0|| |- |[[2011–12 Premier Soccer League|2011–12]]||rowspan="1"|[[Kaizer Chiefs]]||19||4|| |- |[[2012–13 Premier Soccer League|2012–13]]||rowspan="1"|[[Kaizer Chiefs]]||17||1|| |- |[[2013–14 Premier Soccer League|2013–14]]||rowspan="1"|[[Kaizer Chiefs]]||7||0|| |- |[[2014–15 Premier Soccer League|2014–15]]||rowspan="1"|[[Kaizer Chiefs]]||0||0|| |- ! colspan=2 | Jumla ya Kazi !343||48|| |} ==Kazi ya Kimataifa== Dladla alikuwa mchezaji wa 138 kuvaliwa jezi ya [[Afrika Kusini]] baada ya kipindi cha kutengwa. Alipata kucheza mechi sita, zote akiwa kama mchezaji wa akiba.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://telkomknockout.co.za/player/113/Josta-Dladla/3/Kaizer-Chiefs/255/2014-Telkom-Knockout/ |title=Telkom Knockout 2014 - News and Stats about Josta Dladla |accessdate=2014-09-19 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006074159/http://telkomknockout.co.za/player/113/Josta-Dladla/3/Kaizer-Chiefs/255/2014-Telkom-Knockout/ |archivedate= 6 October 2014 }}</ref> ==Maisha ya binafsi== Dladla ana tatto kutoka kwenye kiwiko chake hadi begani kwenye mkono wa kulia. Ana sanaa ya mwili inayoitwa sleeve na ana majina ya mkewe, Thato na mwana wake, Xavier, ambaye alizaliwa mwaka 2006. ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1979]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] g42afsosqnb9bff6zruc13wo2bjhl9a 0 172127 1612549 1517428 2026-11-02T11:13:38Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612549 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Korede Yemi Adedoyin''' (amezaliwa [[Lagos]], [[14 Novemba]] [[2000]]) ni mchezaji wa soka wa kitaalamu kutoka Nigeria ambaye anacheza kwa klabu ya [[Accrington Stanley F.C.|Accrington Stanley]] kama [[Kiungo cha kati|kiungo cha kati]]. ==Taaluma== Adedoyin alianza taaluma yake na klabu ya [[Everton F.C.|Everton]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 10, na alikwenda kwa mkopo kwa klabu ya [[Hamilton Academical F.C.|Hamilton Academical]] mwezi Julai 2019.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.hamiltonacciesfc.co.uk/korede-adedoyin-signs-on-loan-from-everton/|title=Korede Adedoyin Saini Mkataba wa Mkopo Kutoka Everton|date=11 Julai 2019|website=Tovuti ya Hamilton Academical|accessdate=2023-06-16|archivedate=2021-07-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728023357/https://hamiltonacciesfc.co.uk/korede-adedoyin-signs-on-loan-from-everton/}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48958623|title=Hamilton Academical: Korede Adedoyin Saini Mkataba wa Mkopo Kutoka Everton|work=BBC Sport|date=11 Julai 2019}}</ref> Alirejea Everton mwezi Januari 2020.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.hamiltonacciesfc.co.uk/korede-adedoyin/|title=Korede Adedoyin|date=3 Januari 2020|website=Tovuti ya Hamilton Academical|accessdate=2023-06-16|archivedate=2021-07-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727162025/https://hamiltonacciesfc.co.uk/korede-adedoyin/}}</ref> Tarehe 25 Juni 2020, ilianunliwa kuwa angeondoka klabu hiyo baada ya mkataba wake kumalizika tarehe 30 Juni 2020.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.evertonfc.com/news/1697344/everton-announces-players-to-leave-club|title=Everton Yatangaza Wachezaji Watakaondoka Klabuni|website=www.evertonfc.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260423012908/https://www.evertonfc.com/news/1697344/everton-announces-players-to-leave-club|archivedate=2026-04-23|accessdate=2023-06-16|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2000]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dc14osryg96jqdfykyt58e1q9690vbe 0 179172 1612546 1611969 2026-11-02T10:32:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Kituo cha Uchambuzi wa Taarifa za Usalama wa Mtandao na Mifumo ya Taarifa (CSIAC)''' ni Kituo cha Uchambuzi wa Taarifa cha Idara ya Ulinzi ya Marekani (DoD) (IAC) kinachofadhiliwa na Kituo cha Taarifa za Kiufundi cha Ulinzi (DTIC). CSIAC ni muunganisho wa IAC tatu zilizotangulia: Kituo cha Data na Uchanganuzi cha Programu (DACS), Teknolojia ya Uhakikisho wa Taarifa IAC (IATAC) na Modeling &amp;amp; Simulation IAC (MSIAC), ikiw ni pamoja na nyongeza ya kiufundi ya Usimamizi wa Maarifa na ambalo linashirikiana na Ushirikiano wa Taarifa. eneo. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=DoD Information Analysis Centers|url=http://iac.dtic.mil/|accessdate=2013-08-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725135504/http://iac.dtic.mil/|archivedate=2014-07-25}}</ref> CSIAC, mojawapo ya IAC tatu zinazofadhiliwa na DTIC, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=DTIC.mil|url=http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/iac/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080805125916/http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/iac/|archivedate=August 5, 2008|accessdate=22 August 2013}}</ref> hutekeleza majukumu ya Msingi ya Kituo cha Uendeshaji (BCO) ili kutimiza dhamira na malengo yanayotumika kwa Utafiti, Maendeleo, Jaribio na Tathmini ya DoD (RDT&E) na mahitaji ya jumuiya za Upataji. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=SNIM PWS|url=http://www.macb.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/SNIM_PWS.docx|accessdate=2013-08-23|archivedate=2016-03-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220104/http://www.macb.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/SNIM_PWS.docx}}</ref> Shughuli hizi zinalenga katika kuongezea na kusanifu ukusanyaji, uchambuzi, usanifu, usindikaji na usambazaji wa Taarifa za Kisayansi na Kiufundi (STI). Utendaji wa BCO, hasa ukusanyaji na usambazaji wa magonjwa ya zinaa, huzalisha rasilimali kadhaa muhimu ambazo ni (km, ripoti, hifadhidata za zana, ukusanyaji wa data, n.k.) katika maeneo ya kimsingi na ya teknolojia ya CSIAC ( Cybersecurity, Uhakikisho wa Taarifa, [[Uundaji bidhaa pepe za tarakilishi|Uhandisi wa Programu]], Uundaji wa Miundo na Uigaji na Maarifa. Usimamizi / Ushirikiano wa Habari ). Dhamira ya CSIAC ni kuipa DoD sehemu kuu ya kufikia kwa Uhakikisho wa Taarifa na Usalama Mtandaoni ili kujumuisha teknolojia ibuka katika udhaifu wa kimfumo au mpango, R&D, miundo na uchanganuzi ili kusaidia maendeleo na utekelezaji wa ulinzi madhubuti dhidi ya mashambulizi ya vita vya habari. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=About the CSIAC|url=https://www.thecsiac.com/about/about-the-csiac|accessdate=2013-08-22|archivedate=2013-09-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921182239/https://www.thecsiac.com/about/about-the-csiac}}</ref> CSIAC imekodishwa ili kutumia mbinu ambazo ni bora na kulingana na utaalamu kutoka kwa serikali, sekta na wasomi kuhusu usalama wa mtandao na teknolojia ya habari. == Historia == Marekani inaweza kuwa katika hatari ya kushambuliwa kwa Vita vya Habari kutokana na utegemezi wa miundomsingi mbalimbali kwa huduma za taarifa kwa wakati na sahihi. Hii inachangiwa zaidi na utegemezi wa mifumo ya taarifa ya DoD kwenye mitandao ya kibiashara au ya umiliki ambayo inaweza kufikiwa na watumiaji walioidhinishwa na wanaoweza kuwa ni wapinzani kuhusu jambo hili. Kutambua njia muhimu na udhaifu ndani ya miundombinu ya habari ni kazi ngumu, na maendeleo ya hivi majuzi katika [[teknolojia ya habari]] yamerahisisha kutumia mifumo ya habari, ya bei nafuu na inapatikana kwa wigo mpana wa wapinzani. Usalama wa taifa unategemea kuendelea kuwepo, uhalisi na mwendelezo wa mifumo ya taarifa ya DoD. Mifumo hii inakabiliwa na mashambulizi ya nje, kutokana na utegemezi wao wa lazima kwa mifumo ya kibiashara na kuongezeka kwa matumizi ya [[Intaneti|mtandao]] . Kudumu na kuwepo kwa, uhalisi, na mwendelezo wa mifumo ya taarifa ya DoD ni muhimu kwa [[Askari|Mpiganaji]] . Kwa kuongezeka kwa wasiwasi na shughuli za Vita vya Habari vinavyohitaji majibu ya haraka, ni changamoto kuhakikisha kwamba mashirika na mashirika yote yanayofaa yana ujuzi na zana za kulinda dhidi ya, kukabiliana na kutetea dhidi ya mashambulizi ya Vita vya Habari. CSIAC imeanzishwa chini ya uongozi wa Kituo cha Taarifa za Kiufundi cha Ulinzi na ufadhili jumuishi wa Katibu Msaidizi wa Ulinzi wa Utafiti na Uhandisi (ASDR&E); [https://web.archive.org/web/20140918200012/http://dodcio.defense.gov/ Msaidizi wa Katibu wa Ulinzi/Mitandao na Utangamano wa Habari] ; na Wakuu wa Pamoja wa Wafanyakazi . <ref name="CSIAC-history">{{Rejea tovuti|title=CSIAC History|url=http://iac.dtic.mil/csiac/history.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121118155136/http://iac.dtic.mil/csiac/history.html|archivedate=November 18, 2012}}</ref> CSIAC hutoa data ya kati ya hatari ya Usalama wa Mtandao, maelezo, mbinu, miundo, na uchanganuzi wa teknolojia zinazoibuka ili kusaidia uhai, uhalisi, na mwendelezo wa utendakazi wa Mifumo ya Habari ambazo ni muhimu zinazorejelea kwa ulinzi wa taifa. Inatumika kama kitovu maalum cha somo, ikisaidia huduma za DTIC ndani ya Maelekezo ya DoD 3200.12, Mpango wa Taarifa za Kisayansi na Kiufundi wa DoD (STIP), wa tarehe 11 Februari 1998. <ref name="CSIAC-history"/> === Toleo la Muhtasari === Marekani iko katika hatari ya kushambuliwa kwa Vita vya Habari kutokana na kuegemea kwake huduma za habari kwa wakati na sahihi na maendeleo ya hivi majuzi ya teknolojia yamerahisisha adui watarajiwa kufikia miundombinu na ya kimsingi ni muhimu. Usalama wa taifa unategemea kunusurika, uhalisi na mwendelezo wa mifumo ya taarifa ya DoD, ambayo inaweza kuathiriwa na mashambulizi ya nje. CSIAC hutoa data kati ya hatari ya Usalama wa Mtandao na usaidizi ili kuhakikisha uendelevu wa Mifumo muhimu ya Taarifa kwa ulinzi wa taifa. # Kuegemea kwa Huduma za Habari kwa Wakati na Sahihi: Katika zama hizi, taarifa kwa wakati na sahihi ni muhimu kwa nyanja mbalimbali za jamii, zikiwemo shughuli za serikali, mifumo ya fedha na mitandao ya mawasiliano. Utegemezi huu wa mifumo ya habari hufanya nchi kuwa hatarini kwa mashambulizi ambayo yanavuruga au kuendesha mifumo hii. Kampeni za upotoshaji na mashambulizi ya mtandao kwenye miundombinu huw na hatari mno na yanaweza kuwa na madhara makubwa. # Maendeleo katika Teknolojia: Maendeleo ya kiteknolojia yametoa fursa na changamoto kwa usalama wa taifa. Ingawa teknolojia imeboresha mawasiliano, ufanisi, na urahisi, pia imefungua njia mpya kwa wapinzani watarajiwa kutumia udhaifu. Mashambulizi ya mtandao yanaweza kuzinduliwa kwa mbali, na hivyo kurahisisha watendaji hasidi kulenga miundombinu muhimu bila uwepo wa kimwili. # Usalama wa Mifumo ya Taarifa ya DoD: Idara ya Ulinzi (DoD) inaendesha mtandao mkubwa wa mifumo ya taarifa ambayo ni muhimu kwa ulinzi wa taifa. Mifumo hii ina taarifa nyeti na zilizoainishwa, na kuzifanya kuwa shabaha za kuvutia za mashambulizi ya mtandaoni. Kuhakikisha usalama, uhalisi, na mwendelezo wa mifumo ya taarifa ya DoD ni muhimu kwa usalama wa taifa. # Hatari ya Mashambulizi ya Nje: Mifumo ya taarifa ya DoD huathiriwa na mashambulizi ya nje ya mtandao, ikiwa ni pamoja na yale yanayozinduliwa na wavamizi wanaofadhiliwa na serikali, wahalifu wa mtandaoni na wadukuzi. Mashambulizi haya yanaweza kutatiza operesheni za kijeshi, kuathiri habari zilizoainishwa, na kudhoofisha juhudi za ulinzi wa taifa. # Jukumu la CSIAC: Kituo cha Uchambuzi wa Taarifa za Usalama wa Mtandao na Mifumo ya Taarifa (CSIAC) kina jukumu muhimu katika kuweka data ya hatari ya usalama mtandaoni na kutoa usaidizi ili kudumisha mwendelezo wa mifumo muhimu ya habari kwa ulinzi wa taifa. Kwa kukusanya na kuchambua akili tishio, kutambua udhaifu, na kusambaza mbinu bora, mashirika kama CSIAC huchangia katika kuimarisha mkao wa taifa wa usalama wa mtandao. Ili kukabiliana na udhaifu na vitisho hivi, Marekani hutumia mbinu mbalimbali zinazojumuisha sera za usalama wa mtandao, mikakati ya ulinzi, kushiriki taarifa za vitisho za kukiuka na uwekezaji katika teknolojia na wafanyakazi. Uangalifu unaoendelea, ushirikiano kati ya mashirika ya serikali, ushirikiano wa sekta binafsi na ushirikiano wa kimataifa ni muhimu ili kulinda dhidi ya mashambulizi ya vita vya habari na kuhakikisha usalama wa taifa. === Urekebishaji na Urekebishaji wa DTIC === Kwa kuzingatia mazingira ya Ulinzi yanayoendelea, pamoja na mwongozo wa hivi majuzi wa bunge, Kituo cha Taarifa za Kiufundi cha Ulinzi (DTIC) kilitambua fursa ya kuunda upya IAC ili kukabiliana vyema na mahitaji ya misheni ya DoD. Kwa hivyo, DTIC inarekebisha na kuunganisha kubabdilisha na kuungamana kwa muundo wa programu ya IAC ili kufikia malengo kadhaa: * Panua wigo wa programu ya IAC na uongeze ushirikiano katika maeneo ya teknolojia husika * Kuongeza fursa kwa biashara ndogo ndogo * Panua msingi wa viwanda unaofikiwa kupitia IACs <ref name="JP3-12">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.jcs.mil/Portals/36/Documents/Doctrine/pubs/jp3_12R.pdf|title=DoD Joint Publication 3-12(R) Cyberspace Operations (5 February 2013)|accessdate=2018-12-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127164919/http://www.jcs.mil/Portals/36/Documents/Doctrine/pubs/jp3_12R.pdf|archivedate=2018-01-27}}</ref> ''Tazama Kamandi ya Mtandao ya Marekani'' Ili kufikia malengo haya, DTIC inaunda Vituo vipya vya Uendeshaji vya Msingi vya IAC (BCOs). BCOs zinasimamiwa na tasnia na wasomi. DoD huanzisha IAC BCOs katika maeneo yenye umuhimu wa kimkakati, kama vile usalama wa mtandao na mifumo ya habari. IAC BCO hutumika kama kituo cha jumuiya yake ya kiufundi, na, kwa hivyo, lazima kudumisha na kuimarisha uhusiano na wadau wote muhimu ndani ya jumuiya hiyo, ili kuelewa shughuli zinazoendelea, taarifa za sasa, mikakati ya baadaye, na mahitaji ya habari. Dhamira kuu ambazo ni ni hii bado haijabadilika katika muundo mpya wa IAC. Hata hivyo, kile ambacho ni mbinu mpya huleta ni wigo na uwezekano uliopanuliwa, umakini zaidi wa mahitaji ya habari ya kiufundi, na wepesi ulioimarishwa, huku mazingira ya Ulinzi yakiendelea kubadilika. BCOs ni baadhi ya ambazo ni bado zitachambua na kuunganisha taarifa za kisayansi na kiufundi (STI). Hata hivyo, wanapaswa pia kuchukua jukumu lililopanuliwa katika uchanganuzi na ujumuishaji wa programu kwa kutathmini na kuunda karibu dola bilioni 6 katika Majukumu ya Kiufundi ya Maeneo (TATs). TAT ni toleo shirikishi la Mpango wa IAC, ambapo DTIC huinua tasnia na wasomi bora na angavu zaidi kufanya utafiti na uchanganuzi, kukuza suluhu za kiubunifu kwa mahitaji magumu zaidi. IAC BCOs itahakikisha uthabiti na kupunguza marudio ya kazi ya awali au nyingine inayoendelea kwa kusaidia kuhakikisha TAT zinaitikia zaidi mahitaji ya wateja na masharti mapana ya DoD. BCOs pia zinahitajika kuhakikisha kuwa matokeo ya TAT yameandikwa ipasavyo na yanapatikana kwa usambazaji mpana. Mbinu hii inafanikisha uokoaji wa gharama na inapunguza hatari, kuhakikisha kwamba katika wakati huu wa kupungua kwa bajeti na mahitaji yanayobadilika, Jumuiya ya Ulinzi hutumia maarifa yote yanayopatikana ili kutambua na kutekeleza masuluhisho ya kibunifu. CSIAC BCO inawakilisha BCO iliyotunukiwa kwanza chini ya muundo mpya wa DTIC. Kama jina lake linavyopendekeza, lengo kuu la kiufundi la CSIAC ni Usalama wa Mtandao na Mifumo ya Habari. CSIAC huunganisha maeneo la teknolojia ya uhandisi wa programu la DACS, eneo la teknolojia na makundi ya uundaji na uigaji la MSIAC, na eneo la teknolojia ya uhakikisho wa taarifa la IATAC pamoja. Pia itashughulikia maeneo mawili mapya ya kuzingatia teknolojia: usimamizi wa maarifa na kushiriki habari. Zaidi ya hayo, CSIAC itapanuka katika maeneo mengine muhimu na kufuatilia kwa karibu teknolojia mpya zinapoibuka. <ref name="welcome-to-csiac">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Zember|first=Christopher|title=cyber security tips by Let's build destiny|url=http://www.letsbuilddestiny.org.in/day-4-08-12-2018-cybersecurity-tips/|accessdate=2019-02-28|archivedate=2019-02-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228133502/http://www.letsbuilddestiny.org.in/day-4-08-12-2018-cybersecurity-tips/}}</ref> CSIAC inafanya kazi chini ya uongozi wa Kamati ya Uongozi ya Serikali. Kamati hiyo inaundwa na watu 19 kutoka Serikalini, DoD, na jumuiya za utafiti na maendeleo (R&D), ikiwa ni pamoja na uwakilishi kutoka Mpango wa Uhakikisho wa Taarifa za Ulinzi (DIAP), Kikosi Kazi cha Pamoja cha Operesheni za Mtandao wa Kimataifa (JTF-GNO), Kitaifa. Shirika la Usalama (NSA), Shule ya Uzamili ya Jeshi la Wanamaji (NPS), Ofisi ya Katibu wa Ulinzi (OSD), na [https://web.archive.org/web/20130524195410/http://nioc-norfolk.navy.mil/ Amri ya Operesheni ya Taarifa ya Jeshi la Wanamaji - Norfolk], kwa kutaja machache. Kamati ya uongozi hukutana mara moja kwa mwaka na kutoa maoni udhbati uaolinganisha maoni na maoni kwa shughuli za CSIAC, hasa juhudi zetu za ukusanyaji na usambazaji wa taarifa. Zaidi ya hayo, mada za ripoti za kiufundi ambazo waandishi wa CSIAC huandika zinaagizwa na Kamati ya Uongozi. <ref name="CSIAC-history"/> Kituo cha Uchambuzi wa Taarifa za Usalama wa Mtandao na Mifumo ya Habari (CSIAC) ni Kituo cha Uchambuzi wa Taarifa za Idara ya Ulinzi ya Marekani (IAC) na kufafanuliwa sera za kimitambo kinachofadhiliwa na Kituo cha Taarifa za Kiufundi cha Ulinzi (DTIC), na Katibu Msaidizi wa Ulinzi wa Utafiti na Uhandisi (ASDR&E). CSIAC ni mwenyeji na [http://quanterion.com Quanterion Solutions Incorporated] . === Wajumbe wa Timu === Washiriki wa timu ya CSIAC wanajumuisha kila aina ya BCO, washiriki wa timu ya Daraja la 1, na washiriki wa timu ya Daraja la 2. ==== BCO ==== [http://quanterion.com Quanterion Solutions Incorporated], biashara ndogo huko [[Utica, New York]] ilipewa kandarasi ya CSIAC katika msimu wa joto haswa wa 2012. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CSIAC Team Members|url=https://www.thecsiac.com/about/csiac-team|accessdate=2013-08-23|archivedate=2013-09-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921182831/https://www.thecsiac.com/about/csiac-team}}</ref> ==== Washiriki wa Timu ya Daraja la 1 ==== * [http://www.aegistg.com/] [[AEgis Technologies]] * [http://www.ainfosec.com/ Usalama wa Habari Uliohakikishwa] (AIS) * [http://www.srcinc.com/ SRC] * Chuo Kikuu cha Syracuse * Chuo Kikuu cha George Mason * Chuo Kikuu cha Kusini mwa California Mbali na washiriki wa Timu ya Daraja la Kwanza, timu ya CSIAC inajumuisha mashirika ya Daraja la Pili, ambayo hutoa usaidizi wa malengo kuu wa kufikia nyuma na wataalam wa mada (SMEs) ambao husaidia kwa maswali ya kiufundi, ripoti za Hali ya Sanaa (SOARs), na msingi. Kazi za Uchambuzi (CATs). Mashirika ya Daraja la 2 ya timu ya CSIAC ni pamoja na: * Kampuni ya Survice Engineering <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.survice.com/|title=Home - SURVICE Engineering Company|author=|date=|publisher=|accessdate=October 5, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304103814/https://www.survice.com/|archivedate=2024-03-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Jiwe Mvua <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://wetstonetech.com/|title=WetStone Technologies, Inc. - Home|author=|date=|publisher=|accessdate=October 5, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304120238/https://www.wetstonetech.com/|archivedate=2024-03-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Aptima <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.aptima.com/|title=Home - Aptima|author=|date=|publisher=|accessdate=October 5, 2016}}</ref> * Uhandisi wa Minerva <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.minervaengineering.com/minerva/site/default.aspx|title=Minerva Engineering - Engineering Excellence for the Warfighter|author=|date=|publisher=|accessdate=October 5, 2016|archivedate=October 6, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006153721/http://www.minervaengineering.com/minerva/site/default.aspx}}</ref> * Taasisi ya Griffiss <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.griffissinstitute.org/|title=Home - Griffiss Institute|author=|date=|publisher=|accessdate=October 5, 2016}}</ref> * Taasisi ya Teknolojia ya Chuo Kikuu cha Jimbo la New York (SUNY IT) * Chuo cha Utica == Huduma == === Jumuiya ya Mazoezi === Mkakati wa CSIAC wa kushughulikia mawanda yaliyopanuliwa ya IAC tatu ( DACS, IATAC, MSIAC ), pamoja na maeneo mapya ya usimamizi wa maarifa na upashanaji habari kwa ukamilifu ni kujenga na kuwezesha Jumuiya ya Mazoezi (CoP) kwa ajili ya usalama wa mtandao na mifumo ya taarifa. jumuiya. <ref name="welcome-to-csiac"/> Tovuti ya CSIAC (www.thecsiac.com) hutoa miundombinu ya CoP na hutumika kama kichocheo. Tovuti ya CSIAC inaendeshwa na wanachama na inahimiza ushiriki kutoka kwa jumuiya ya CSIAC inayoungwa mkono na rasilimali na shughuli za CSIAC. Tovuti inasisitiza kuunganisha na kugawa rasilimali za CSIAC na wanachama wake kwa kusaidia ubadilishaji na ushirikiano. <ref name="welcome-to-csiac"/> CoP inasaidia utendakazi na uwepo wa mzima wa CSIAC, ikijumuisha ukusanyaji wa taarifa, uchambuzi na usambazaji. <ref name="welcome-to-csiac"/> === Mtandao wa Mtaalamu wa Mada (SME). === Mtandao wa Mtaalamu wa Masuala ya Masomo (SME) wa CSIAC ni mojawapo ya nyenzo muhimu kwa jumuiya ya watumiaji. </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2016)">nukuu inahitajika</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Hutoa utajiri wa maarifa na habari kwa kituo kupitia njia mbalimbali. Kwa mfano, SMEs ndio wachangiaji wakuu wa makala za majarida kubadilisha mawasiliano na mawasilisho ya mtandao. Pia zinapatikana ili kujibu maswali, kusaidia ripoti za Hali ya Juu (SOARs), na kufanya utafiti na uchambuzi ili kusaidia Kazi za Uchambuzi wa Msingi (CATs). <ref name="sme">{{Rejea tovuti|title=CSIAC Subject Matter Expert (SME) Network|url=https://www.thecsiac.com/services/subject-matter-experts|accessdate=2013-08-23|archivedate=2013-09-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921190819/https://www.thecsiac.com/services/subject-matter-experts}}</ref> ==== Sifa za SME ==== CSIAC SMEs ni wale watu ambao wanachukuliwa kuwa wataalam katika nyanja ambazo ziko ndani ya kikoa cha kiufundi cha CSIAC (yaani, usalama wa mtandao, uhakikisho wa taarifa, uhandisi wa programu, Uundaji wa Miundo na Uigaji, na Usimamizi wa Maarifa/Ushirikiano wa Taarifa). Hakuna kigezo kimoja kinachotoa msingi wa kuchukuliwa kuwa mtaalam mkuu wa miundombinu, lakini badala yake inategemea mchanganyiko wa mambo, ikiwa ni pamoja na mtu binafsi: * Elimu (yaani, shahada ya kwanza, shahada ya uzamili na udaktari) * Uzoefu wa kazi (miaka katika uwanja, nafasi zilizoshikiliwa, programu za zamani, n.k.) * Machapisho <ref name="sme"/> Hifadhidata na tarakilishi za kila aina ya ina anuwai ya SME kutoka asili tofauti. Miongoni mwao ni wanachama wa wafanyakazi wa kiufundi wa CSIAC, watu muhimu kutoka mashirika wanachama wa timu, viongozi wakuu wa kijeshi waliostaafu, watafiti wakuu wa kitaaluma, na watendaji wa sekta hiyo. === Maswali ya kiufundi === CSIAC hutoa hadi saa nne za utafiti wa uchunguzi wa kiufundi bila malipo ili kujibu maswali ya kiufundi yanayowavutia sana watumiaji. Maswali ya kiufundi wa mitambo za miundombinu yanayowasilishwa mtandaoni yanatumwa moja kwa moja kwa mchambuzi anayemtambua mfanyakazi, mshiriki wa timu ya CSIAC, au Mtaalamu wa Masuala ya Masomo (SME) anayefaa zaidi kujibu swali. Jibu lililokamilishwa litatumwa kwa mtumiaji, na linaweza kuchukua hadi siku 10 za kazi; ingawa kwa kawaida hutolewa mapema. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=theCSIAC.com - Submit a Technical Inquiry|url=https://www.thecsiac.com/services/technical_inquiry|accessdate=2013-08-23|archivedate=2013-09-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921191227/https://www.thecsiac.com/services/technical_inquiry}}</ref> === Mpango wa Kazi ya Uchambuzi wa Msingi (CAT). === Changamoto za matatizo ya kiufundi ambayo ni zaidi ya upeo wa uchunguzi wa kimsingi (yaani, yanahitaji zaidi ya saa nne za utafiti) yanaweza kutatuliwa kwa kuanzisha Kazi ya Uchambuzi wa Msingi (CAT). PAKA ni juhudi za kazi zinazofadhiliwa tofauti zaidi ya bidhaa na huduma za msingi za CSIAC. Kupitia mpango wa CAT, CSIAC inaweza kutumika kama gari la kandarasi, kuwezesha DoD kupata usaidizi maalum kwa miradi mahususi. Miradi hii, hata hivyo, lazima iwe ndani ya kikoa cha kiufundi cha pekee cha CSIAC (usalama mtandaoni, Uhakikisho wa Taarifa, Uhandisi wa Programu, Uundaji wa Miundo na Uigaji, na Usimamizi wa Maarifa/Ushirikiano wa Taarifa). <ref name="cat">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Core Analysis Task (CAT) Program|url=https://www.thecsiac.com/services/cat-program|publisher=CSIAC|accessdate=23 August 2013|archivedate=21 September 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921173957/https://www.thecsiac.com/services/cat-program}}</ref> Baadhi ya faida za mpango wa IAC CAT ni pamoja kuwepo na: * Ucheleweshaji mdogo wa kuanza kazi - Sio tu kwamba CSIAC hutoa DoD na mashirika mengine gari la mkataba, lakini pia ni tuzo moja ya CPFF IDIQ iliyoshindaniwa awali. Kazi inaweza kuanza katika mradi ndani ya wiki 4-6 baada ya agizo kuwekwa. * Kikoa Kinachopanuka cha Kiufundi - wigo mpana wa CSIAC (Usalama wa Mtandao, Uhakikisho wa Taarifa, Uhandisi wa Programu, Uundaji wa Miundo na Uigaji na Usimamizi wa Maarifa/Ushirikiano wa Taarifa) hutoa nyenzo nyingi kwa miradi inayoweza kutekelezwa, na ni muhimu sana kwa juhudi zinazovuka vikoa vingi. * Mtandao wa Mtaalamu wa Mada (SME) - CSIAC inaweza kutumia usaidizi wa kufikia nyuma kutoka kwa Mtandao wake mpana wa SME, ikiwa ni pamoja na wataalam wa kiufundi kutoka kwa wafanyakazi wa CSIAC, wanachama wa timu, au jumuiya kubwa zaidi, ili kukamilisha CAT na miradi mingine. * Hazina za Taarifa za Kisayansi na Kiufundi (STI) - Kama muunganisho wa IAC tatu zilizotangulia, CSIAC ina data na taarifa nyingi za kusaidia kukamilika kwa CAT. * Tekeleza Matokeo ya Hivi Punde - Chora kutoka kwa tafiti za hivi majuzi zaidi zilizofanywa kwa wakala kote katika DoD, kwani matokeo kutoka kwa CSIAC CATs na Majukumu ya Maeneo ya Kiufundi ya SNIM (TATs) yanakusanywa, kuhifadhiwa na kutumika kusaidia juhudi za baadaye za CSIAC. <ref name="cat"/> === Mpango wa Taarifa za Kisayansi na Kiufundi (STI). === CSIAC hukusanya STI zinazohusiana na IA/DIO ili kushiriki na DoD, mashirika mengine ya serikali, wakandarasi wao pamoja na wanaomiliki kandarasi, na jumuiya ya utafiti na uhandisi (R&E). Mpango wa magonjwa ya zinaa unasimamiwa na Maagizo ya DoD 3200.12, Mpango wa DoD STI. CSIAC ina maelfu ya hati zinazohusiana na IA/DIO katika hazina yao ya kiufundi. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.surviac.wpafb.af.mil/csiac/download/Vol7_No4.pdf|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2013-08-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812042715/http://www.surviac.wpafb.af.mil/csiac/download/Vol7_No4.pdf|archivedate=2014-08-12}}</ref> Mkusanyiko huu ni mchanganyiko wa nyenzo zilizoainishwa na kusawazishwa na zisizoainishwa. Nyaraka zote za CSIAC zimepakiwa kwa [https://web.archive.org/web/20100421083702/http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/announcements/DOAC.html Udhibiti wa Ufikiaji Mtandaoni wa DTIC (DOAC)], ambayo ni hazina ya mtandaoni ya magonjwa ya zinaa kutoka kwa IAC zote za DTIC. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/announcements/DOAC.html|title=DTIC Online Access Controlled|publisher=Dtic.mil|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023235317/http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/announcements/DOAC.html|archivedate=2011-10-23}}</ref> Maktaba kibinfasi na kipekee ya CSIAC huwezesha kubadilishana maarifa kati ya vikundi na mashirika mbalimbali, na magonjwa yote ya zinaa yanaweza kufikiwa kwa urahisi na jumuiya ya IA/DIO ndani ya maagizo ya uainishaji na usambazaji wa pili. <ref>Goertzel et al. (2010) ''CSIAC's Critical Role in Cyber Security'', SoftwareTech News, Vol. 13 No. 2</ref> Aina zote ze kitarakilishi za ST zinaelekezwa na CSIAC yanafaa kwa utafiti wa IA/CS, maendeleo, uhandisi, upimaji, tathmini, uzalishaji, uendeshaji, matumizi au matengenezo. Magonjwa ya zinaa hukusanywa katika aina nyingi ikiwa ni pamoja na hati zinazotegemea maandishi, media titika, na faili tajiri za midia. Baadhi ya maeneo ya mada ni pamoja na: Biometrics, Mashambulizi ya Mtandao wa Kompyuta, Ulinzi wa Mtandao wa Kompyuta, Ugaidi wa Mtandao, Udukuzi, Vita vya Habari, Vita vya Mtandao, Misimbo Hasidi, Tathmini za Bidhaa, miongoni mwa zingine. CSIAC hukusanya mawasilisho ambayo hayajaainishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya yote ya IA/CS. === Kalenda ya Matukio === CSIAC hudumisha kalenda ya mtandaoni ya matukio yanayohusiana na maslahi ya wanachama wake kote dunian haswa marekani. Kalenda ya Matukio inapatikana pia kama mlisho wa RSS au HTML inayoweza kutazamwa kutoka kwa tovuti ya CSIAC. == Bidhaa == === S ² CPAT === [https://s2cpat.thecsiac.com/ Zana ya Uchambuzi wa Gharama na Mifumo ya Programu na Utendaji (S ² CPAT)] {{Wayback|url=https://s2cpat.thecsiac.com/ |date=20130829134255 }} ni zana inayotegemea wavuti yenye lengo la kunasa na kuchambua data ya uhandisi wa programu kutoka kwa miradi iliyokamilishwa ya programu kuu za kufanya ambayo inaweza kutumika kuboresha: * ubora wa mifumo inayotumia programu * uwezo wa kutabiri maendeleo ya mifumo ya programu-kubwa kwa heshima na juhudi na ratiba <ref name="welcome-to-csiac"/> S ² CPAT kwa sasa inaruhusu kuwepo kwa watumiaji kutafuta miradi sawa ya programu na kutumia data kusaidia: * Mpangilio mbaya wa makadirio ya ukubwa kwa juhudi na ratiba ya ukuzaji programu * Upangaji na usimamizi wa mradi: maelezo ya kielelezo cha mzunguko wa maisha, hatari kuu, mafunzo tuliyojifunza, violezo, makadirio ya utabiri * Utafiti wa uhandisi wa programu <ref name="welcome-to-csiac"/> Hazina ya S ² CPAT ina Ripoti ya Data ya Rasilimali za Programu (SRDR) data iliyotolewa na Jeshi la Wanahewa la Marekani. Data hii imesafishwa kwa ajili ya kutolewa kwa umma na DoD na kuthibitishwa na timu kutokana na tovuti ya utafiti inayofadhiliwa na DoD. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Welcome to S2CPAT|url=https://s2cpat.thecsiac.com/|accessdate=2024-03-11|archivedate=2013-08-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130829134255/https://s2cpat.thecsiac.com/}}</ref> === Ripoti === CSIAC huchapisha nakala na aina tatu za ripoti kuhusu mada za sasa za Usalama wa Mtandao na Mifumo ya Habari: # Ripoti za hali ya juu (SOAR) huchunguza maendeleo katika masuala ya IA. Mada zilizopita za SOAR ni pamoja na: Insider Threat, <ref>Gabrielson et al. (2008) ''The Insider Threat to Information Systems'', An CSIAC State-of-the-Art Report.</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.pnl.gov/coginformatics/media/pdf/TR-PACMAN-65204.pdf|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2013-08-23|archivedate=2011-10-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019021114/http://www.pnl.gov/cogInformatics/media/pdf/TR-PACMAN-65204.pdf}}</ref> Uhakikisho wa Usalama wa Programu, Usimamizi wa Hatari kwa Msururu wa Ugavi wa Teknolojia ya Mawasiliano ya Nje ya Rafu, <ref>Goertzel et al. (2010) ''Security Risk Management for Off-the-Shelf (OTS) Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Supply Chain'', An CSIAC State-of-the-Art Report.</ref> na Kupima Usalama wa Mtandao na Uhakikisho wa Taarifa. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://iac.dtic.mil/csiac/download/cybersecurity.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216015925/http://iac.dtic.mil/csiac/download/cybersecurity.pdf|archivedate=February 16, 2013|title=404w Page Not Found (DTIC)|author=|date=|publisher=|accessdate=October 5, 2016}}</ref> # Mapitio Muhimu na Tathmini za Teknolojia (CR/TA) hutathmini na kuunganisha taarifa za hivi punde zinazopatikana kutokana na matokeo ya hivi majuzi ya R&D. Wanatoa tathmini linganishi za teknolojia na/au mbinu kulingana na sifa mahususi za kiufundi. <ref name="reports">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://iac.dtic.mil/csiac/reports.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121118155158/http://iac.dtic.mil/csiac/reports.html|archivedate=November 18, 2012|title=CSIAC-Reports|publisher=iac.dtic.mil|accessdate=August 23, 2013}}</ref> Mada ni pamoja na Usalama wa Mtandao wa Eneo Mpana Usio na Waya (WWAN), Vita vya Msingi vya Mtandao, na [[Biotekinolojia|Bayoteknolojia]] . # Ripoti za Zana zinaonyesha teknolojia ya sasa na hutoa uorodheshaji wa malengo ya bidhaa zinazopatikana kwa sasa. <ref name="reports" /> Mada za ripoti za zana ni pamoja na ngome, tathmini ya uwezekano wa kuathiriwa, Mifumo ya Kugundua Uvamizi na programu hasidi . === Jarida la Udhibiti === ''Jarida la CSIAC ni ambalo la Usalama wa Mtandao na Mifumo ya Taarifa'' ni jarida la kiufundi la kila robo mwaka lililoandikwa kutoka kwa mtazamo wa DoD na lina yafuatayo: muhtasari na uhakiki wa ripoti muhimu, zilizopatikana hivi karibuni na/au makala za jarida; muhtasari wa kuanzishwa kwa programu mpya za R&D; orodha au kalenda ya mikutano ya baadaye, symposia, nk; na muhtasari wa mafanikio muhimu ya kiteknolojia na matumizi mapya muhimu ya kiteknolojia na mambo muhimu ya maendeleo mengine yoyote ambayo hayajakamilika. Habari kutoka kwa programu mbalimbali za DoD CSIAC ambazo zinaweza kuwa za manufaa kwa mashirika mengine ya DoD pia zinaweza kujumuishwa. Jarida hili linasambazwa katika muundo wa kuchapishwa na kielektroniki kwa waliojisajili wa CSIAC bila malipo na linapatikana kwa kutazamwa na kupakua kutoka kwa tovuti ya CSIAC. <ref name="faqs">{{Rejea tovuti|title=CSIAC FAQs|url=https://www.thecsiac.com/about/faq|publisher=CSIAC|accessdate=23 August 2013|archivedate=2013-09-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921180854/https://www.thecsiac.com/about/faq}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. CSIAC. Archived from [https://www.thecsiac.com/about/faq the original] {{Wayback|url=https://www.thecsiac.com/about/faq |date=20130921180854 }} on 21 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite></ref> Vyanzo vya majarida ni mialiko ya moja kwa moja, uchapishaji wa "Call for Papers", na mawasilisho ambayo hayajaombwa. Mialiko ya moja kwa moja ndiyo njia inayojulikana zaidi, kwa kawaida kwa kuwasiliana na wawasilishaji wa mkutano na kuwauliza kama wanaweza kuandika kitu kulingana na uwasilishaji wao. Waandishi wanaombwa kwa utaalamu au uzoefu wao kuhusiana na mada ya suala la jarida. === Digest ya IA === Muhtasari wa Uhakikisho wa Taarifa wa CSIAC (IA) ni muhtasari wa habari wa nusu wiki kwa wataalamu wa uhakikisho wa taarifa na utegemezi wa programu wanaolinda Gridi ya Taarifa za Ulimwenguni (GIG). Inatumwa kwa barua pepe iliyoumbizwa na HTML na hutoa viungo vya makala na muhtasari wa habari katika wigo wa usalama wa mtandao, uhakikisho wa habari na mada za mifumo ya habari. <ref name="faqs"/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://thecsiac.com/ Ukurasa wa Nyumbani wa CSIAC] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140725135504/http://iac.dtic.mil/ Ukurasa wa Nyumbani wa Kituo cha Uchambuzi wa Habari cha DoD] * [https://www.strategicresponsesystems.com/cybersecurity-whitepaper Cybersecurity Whitepaper] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130902055405/http://www.acq.osd.mil/chieftechnologist/index.html Utafiti wa DoD na Ukurasa wa Nyumbani wa Biashara ya Uhandisi] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140918200012/http://dodcio.defense.gov/ Afisa Mkuu wa Habari wa DoD Ukurasa wa Nyumbani] * [https://www.strategicresponsesystems.com/Governance-Risk-Compliance Government Risk Compliance] [[Jamii:Usalama wa mtandaoni]] fgf8svlmevptwtvfq3kvfnwh1mjcxer 0 180864 1612505 1516524 2026-11-02T06:20:38Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612505 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karoline Olesen''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 3]], [[2005]]) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Udeni]] ambae anacheza kama [[kiungo]] ya [[Everton F.C.|Everton]] inayoshiriki katika Ligi Kuu ya Wanawake Uingereza(WSL) na timu ya taifa ya walio na umri chini ya miaka 19 Denmark.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Denmark - K. Olesen - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/karoline-olesen/657928/|work=int.soccerway.com|accessdate=2024-04-26}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=DBU|title=Landsholdsdatabasen|url=https://www.dbu.dk/landshold/landsholdsdatabasen/PlayerInfo/8153|access-date=2024-01-15|website=DBU|language=DA}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Journalist|first=Lyt til artiklen 0:00 / 0:00 Bemærk: Artiklen er mere end 30 dage gammel Laura Winther Møller|title=18-årigt Fortuna-talent solgt til Everton|url=https://www.tv2nord.dk/hjoerring/18-aarigt-fortuna-talent-solgt-til-everton|access-date=2024-01-15|website=TV2 Nord|language=da}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Association|first=The Football|title=Snoeijs' double sends Toffees through|url=http://www.thefa.com/news/2024/jan/13/adobe-womens-fa-cup-aston-villa-everton-20240113|access-date=2024-01-15|website=www.thefa.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{citeweb|url=https://www.evertonfc.com/news/2025/may/09/four-players-to-leave-everton/|title=Four Players To Leave Everton|website=www.evertonfc.com}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Everton Sign Olesen|url=https://www.evertonfc.com/news/3634058/everton-sign-olesen|access-date=2024-01-15|website=www.evertonfc.com|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230815143444/https://www.evertonfc.com/news/3634058/everton-sign-olesen|archivedate=2023-08-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Denmark]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa kike]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Denmark]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2005]] lqc36n15px0y99oghh9cyaxapmpqelp 0 181282 1612372 1347970 2026-11-01T12:20:36Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612372 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Erina Yamane (18759870415).jpg|thumbnail|right|200px| Erina Yamane]] '''Erina Yamane''' (alizaliwa [[20 Desemba]] [[1990]]) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[golikipa]] wa klabu ya JEF United Chiba. Awali alichezea timu ya taifa ya Japani.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2017/06/ladies/149819724010538.html |title=JEF United Chiba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123185536/https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2017/06/ladies/149819724010538.html |archivedate=2022-01-23 |accessdate=2024-04-30 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2017/10/ladies/150892860010927.html |title=JEF United Chiba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120043134/https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2017/10/ladies/150892860010927.html |archivedate=2019-01-20 |accessdate=2024-04-30 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] 2tbrgig4yqfdvte7zsu54puyqvg3oia 1612384 1612372 2026-11-01T13:25:12Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1612384 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Erina Yamane (18759870415).jpg|thumbnail|right|200px| Erina Yamane]] '''Erina Yamane''' (alizaliwa [[20 Desemba]] [[1990]]) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[golikipa]] wa klabu ya JEF United Chiba. Awali alichezea timu ya taifa ya Japani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2017/06/ladies/149819724010538.html |title=JEF United Chiba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123185536/https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2017/06/ladies/149819724010538.html |archivedate=2022-01-23 |accessdate=2024-04-30 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2017/10/ladies/150892860010927.html |title=JEF United Chiba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120043134/https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2017/10/ladies/150892860010927.html |archivedate=2019-01-20 |accessdate=2024-04-30 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] aa7z5vf8xj9ccdqd7jl8t4fog0k7jk7 0 184042 1612504 1343239 2026-11-02T06:18:53Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612504 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karnivali ya Awussu''', au kwa Kifaransa '''carnaval d'Aoussou''' ni tukio la kila mwaka la sherehe na kitamaduni linalofanyika kila tarehe 24 Julai huko [[Sousse]], [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.alternatives-citoyennes.sgdg.org/num11/editorial-p.html |title=« Nous sommes des citoyens, non des marionnettes », ''Alternatives citoyennes'', n°11, 20 octobre 2004 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231126162500/http://www.alternatives-citoyennes.sgdg.org/num11/editorial-p.html |archivedate=2023-11-26 |accessdate=2024-07-09 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[http://www.jawharafm.net/fr/article/festival-d-aoussou-le-retour/95/6323 « Festival d'Aoussou : Le retour ! », ''Jawhara FM'', 16 mars 2014]</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{Mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Matamasha nchini Tunisia]] 55geqkouxf9deqn0gcoc5h289tj01ye 1612512 1612504 2026-11-02T07:01:57Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1612512 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karnivali ya Awussu''', au kwa Kifaransa '''carnaval d'Aoussou''' ni tukio la kila mwaka la sherehe na kitamaduni linalofanyika kila tarehe 24 Julai huko [[Sousse]], [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.alternatives-citoyennes.sgdg.org/num11/editorial-p.html |title=« Nous sommes des citoyens, non des marionnettes », ''Alternatives citoyennes'', n°11, 20 octobre 2004 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231126162500/http://www.alternatives-citoyennes.sgdg.org/num11/editorial-p.html |archivedate=2023-11-26 |accessdate=2024-07-09 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[http://www.jawharafm.net/fr/article/festival-d-aoussou-le-retour/95/6323 « Festival d'Aoussou : Le retour ! », ''Jawhara FM'', 16 mars 2014]</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{Mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Matamasha nchini Tunisia]] tadpkaltkwoenjol1a28jfoiyztn0qb 0 185468 1612489 1515761 2026-11-02T03:16:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612489 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Michael Wallace''' (amezaliwa Oktoba 28, 1940), ni profesa wa [[Sayansi ya Anga]] katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Washington]], na pia mkurugenzi wa zamani wa Taasisi ya Pamoja ya Utafiti wa Anga na Bahari (JISAO) - ubia wa utafiti kati ya Chuo Kikuu cha Washington na Utawala wa Kitaifa wa Bahari na Anga (NOAA). Yeye ndiye mshindi wa Tuzo ya Japani ya 2024 pamoja na Sir Brian Hoskins katika "Rasilimali, Nishati, Mazingira, na Miundombinu ya Kijamii" iliyowasilishwa kwa "Uanzishwaji wa msingi wa kisayansi wa kuelewa na kutabiri matukio mabaya ya hali ya hewa" Utafiti wake unahusu kuelewa hali ya hewa ya kimataifa na tofauti zake kwa kutumia uchunguzi na inashughulikia hali ya hewa ya kila baada ya miaka miwili, oscillation ya miongo ya Pasifiki na njia za annular za mzunguko wa Arctic na oscillation ya Antarctic, na mifumo kuu ya anga katika mwezi hadi mwezi na mwaka hadi- tofauti ya hali ya hewa ya mwaka, ikiwa ni pamoja na ile ambayo tukio la El Niño katika Pasifiki ya kitropiki huathiri hali ya hewa juu ya [[Amerika Kaskazini]]. Yeye pia ndiye mwandishi mwenza na [[Peter V. Hobbs]] wa kile ambacho kwa ujumla kinachukuliwa kuwa kitabu cha kawaida cha utangulizi katika Sayansi ya Anga, Utafiti wa Utangulizi. Alikuwa mwanasayansi wa tatu aliyetajwa sana katika kipindi cha 1973-2007.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Top 10 scientists in geosciences based on total citations|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/top-10-scientists-in-geosciences-based-on-total-citations/401351.article?storyCode=401351&sectioncode=26|work=Times Higher Education (THE)|date=2008-02-07|accessdate=2024-08-30|language=en}}</ref> == Tuzo == * 2024 Japan Tuzo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Japan Prize Foundation|url=https://www.japanprize.jp/en/prize_past_2024_prize01.html|work=The Japan Prize Foundation|accessdate=2024-08-30|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814112500/https://www.japanprize.jp/en/prize_past_2024_prize01.html|archivedate=2024-08-14|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 1993 [[Carl-Gustaf Rossby Research Medal]] ya Utafiti ya Jumuiya ya Hali ya Hewa ya Amerika * 1999 [[Roger Revelle Medal]] ya Muungano wa Kijiofizikia wa Marekani * 2016 Symons Medali ya Dhahabu ya Jumuiya ya Kifalme ya Hali ya Hewa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Royal Meteorological Society|url=https://www.rmets.org/rmets-awards|work=RMetS|accessdate=2024-08-30|language=en}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{BD|1940|}} [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:WikiClimate Connect 2024 in Tanzania]] 8k0lm8p5fnnqt7zj0x2uhg5va4ms5mp 0 186381 1612487 1515624 2026-11-02T02:53:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612487 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph Brady''' (amezaliwa Septemba 23, 1989) ni kocha wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Marekani]] ambaye ni mratibu wa mashambulizi wa timu ya ''Buffalo Bills'' katika ligi ya NFL. Awali alihudumu kama mratibu wa mashambulizi katika timu ya ''Carolina Panthers'' kuanzia mwaka 2020 hadi mwaka 2021. Alikuwa mratibu wa mchezo wa pasi na kocha wa wachezaji wa timu ya LSU Tigers wakati wa msimu wa mwaka 2019 wa mpira wa miguu wa NCAA Division I FBS, akishinda Tuzo ya Broyles kama kocha msaidizi bora zaidi katika mpira wa miguu wa vyuo, na alikuwa msaidizi wa mashambulizi wa timu ya ''New Orleans Saints'' kutoka mwaka 2017 hadi mwaka 2018.<ref name="brooks">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Kubena |first=Brooks |date=2019-01-28 |title=LSU formally announces the hiring of Joe Brady as passing game coordinator |url=https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/sports/lsu/lsu-formally-announces-the-hiring-of-joe-brady-as-passing-game-coordinator/article_53b09372-2310-11e9-a9ab-e7626f50aa7a.html |access-date=2024-01-26 |website=The Advocate |language=en |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240126185719/https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/sports/lsu/lsu-formally-announces-the-hiring-of-joe-brady-as-passing-game-coordinator/article_53b09372-2310-11e9-a9ab-e7626f50aa7a.html |archivedate=2024-01-26 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="tribe">{{cite web |title=Joe Brady Joins Philadelphia Eagles Football Coaching Staff as OC in 2020|url=https://tribeathletics.com/news/2013/7/10/208633962.aspx |website=TribeAthletics.com |access-date=January 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130035519/https://tribeathletics.com/news/2013/7/10/208633962.aspx |archive-date=January 30, 2019 |date=July 10, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=2012 William and Mary Tribe Football Roster, Joe Brady |url=https://tribeathletics.com/sports/football/roster/joey-brady/5044 |website=www.tribeathletics.com |access-date=28 November 2021 |ref=4}}</ref> ==Marejeo== [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] lomcs12koqspwdx1li9p6cxdb2ongz2 0 187530 1612497 1516241 2026-11-02T05:09:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612497 wikitext text/x-wiki '''K'Coneil''' (alizaliwa nchini [[Jamaika]]) ni mwimbaji aliyehamia [[Marekani]] kwa udhamini wa masomo ya chuo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://view.joomag.com/mélange-travel-lifestyle-magazine-april-2017/0388491001491197708?page=5|title=Mélange Travel & Lifestyle Magazine April 2017|website=Joomag|language=en|access-date=2019-10-15}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.largeup.com/2016/06/22/largeup-premiere-kconeil/|title=LargeUp Premiere: K'Coneil's "Love/Lust" EP|website=LargeUp|date=22 June 2016 |language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-15}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/Entertainment/K-Coneil-s-back-with-Lightskin-Love_19232652|title=Jamaica Observer Limited|website=Jamaica Observer|access-date=2019-10-15}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://jamaica-star.com/article/entertainment/20160621/k-coneil-drops-ep-friday|title=K' Coneil drops EP on Friday|website=jamaica-star.com|date=21 June 2016|language=en|access-date=2019-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190825051552/http://jamaica-star.com/article/entertainment/20160621/k-coneil-drops-ep-friday|archivedate=2019-08-25|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Jamaika]] sveqon4v81c0azcdcbnlv7213zfbfs4 0 188267 1612412 1612279 2026-11-01T14:26:03Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Masahihisho aliyefanya [[Special:Contributions/~2026-50692-37|~2026-50692-37]] ([[User talk:~2026-50692-37|Majadiliano]]) yalirejeshwa hadi sahihisho la mwisho na [[User:Kimwali mmbaga|Kimwali mmbaga]] 1356970 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zablon Ekhal Ekwam''' (alizaliwa [[4 Agosti]] [[1997]]) ni [[mwanariadha]] wa [[Kenya]] wa mbio na uwanja ambaye alishiriki zaidi katika mbio za mita 400.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://worldathletics.org/athletes/kenya/zablon-ekhal-ekwam-14916324|title=Zablon Ekhal Ekwam|website=World Athletics|accessdate=20 April 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanariadha wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1997]] 5goz2xitoxxdnpeoel2lzgm44ee9jsk 0 191679 1612477 1514968 2026-11-01T23:56:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612477 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacinto Vera Durán''' ([[Atlantiki|Bahari ya Atlantiki]], [[3 Julai]] [[1813]] – Pan de Azúcar, Uruguay, [[6 Mei]] [[1881]]) alikuwa [[Askofu]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]] nchini [[Uruguay]]. Alikuwa askofu wa kwanza wa [[Montevideo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jacinto Vera {{!}} Municipio C|url=https://municipioc.montevideo.gub.uy/node/18|access-date=2023-03-19|website=municipioc.montevideo.gub.uy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260412062354/https://municipioc.montevideo.gub.uy/node/18|archivedate=2026-04-12|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="EC">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/vera-jacinto|title=Vera, Jacinto|date=2003|publisher=Encyclopedia.com|accessdate=20 March 2017}}</ref> [[Papa Fransisko]] alimtangaza [[mwenye heri]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Mei]] [[2023]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1813]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1881]] [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]] [[Jamii:Wenye heri wa Uruguay]] pebpyxcufnji856gqdoa9tsxtg6csxe 0 192674 1612432 1469375 2026-11-01T17:02:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612432 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Giuseppe Mazzoli''' ([[22 Novemba]] [[1886]] – [[8 Desemba]] [[1945]]) alikuwa kiongozi wa [[Italia]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]], [[askofu mkuu]] ambaye alihudumu kwa muda mfupi kama [[Balozi wa Papa]] nchini [[Bulgaria]] mwaka 1945. Alizaliwa huko [[Fabriano]], Italia, na [[Upadirisho|alipadrishwa]] tarehe 9 Julai 1911.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.archives.openjerusalem.org/index.php/vatican-secret-archives-asv|access-date=16 May 2019|publisher=Vatican Secret Archives|via=Open Jerusalem|title=Episcopal consecration of Mgr Giuseppe Mazzoli and appointment as Apostolic Delegate in Bulgaria|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207003809/https://www.archives.openjerusalem.org/index.php/vatican-secret-archives-asv|archivedate=2024-12-07|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1886]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1945]] [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki wa Italia]] dqb8hl2s3wujrajt4i70gfqkiv4npp6 0 194617 1612382 1612362 2026-11-01T13:17:50Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1612382 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eddie Eastman''' (alizaliwa Terra Nova, [[Newfoundland]] na Labrador, [[15 Julai]] [[1949]]) ni [[mwimbaji]] na mtunzi wa nyimbo wa [[muziki wa country]] wa [[Kanada]]. <ref>[http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/cns_enl/id/59 Eddie Eastmen – Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, v. 1, p. 665]</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.heritage.nf.ca/articles/arts/eddie-eastman.php |title=Eddie Eastman – Heritage Newfoundland and Labrador |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204005248/https://www.heritage.nf.ca/articles/arts/eddie-eastman.php |archivedate=2024-12-04 |accessdate=2024-12-11 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{BD|1949|}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Kanada]] djp655ornrmx9jtcvgwaltltan20kxb 0 196632 1612449 1383941 2026-11-01T19:03:19Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612449 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harry Hibbs''' (amezaliwa [[11 Septemba]], [[1942]] - amefariki [[21 Desemba]], [[1989]]) alikuwa [[mwanamuziki]] wa [[Kanada]], na alikuwa ishara maarufu ya [[Newfoundland na Labrador]] kwa muziki wa kitamaduni wa Newfoundland.<ref>Historic Wabana, [https://www.historic-wabana.com/harry-hibbs.html 'Harry Hibbs'], accessed on September 11, 2022.</ref><ref>[http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/cns_enl/id/1323 Harry Hibbs - Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador v. 2, p. 932]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.heritage.nf.ca/arts/harryhibbs_article.html |title=Harry Hibbs - Heritage Newfoundland and Labrador |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103115418/http://www.heritage.nf.ca/arts/harryhibbs_article.html |archivedate=2015-01-03 |accessdate=2025-01-09 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{BD|1942|1989}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Kanada]] no6jhafpc84cfxt48gtl5bzs4erdd57 1612466 1612449 2026-11-01T22:33:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1612466 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harry Hibbs''' (amezaliwa [[11 Septemba]], [[1942]] - amefariki [[21 Desemba]], [[1989]]) alikuwa [[mwanamuziki]] wa [[Kanada]], na alikuwa ishara maarufu ya [[Newfoundland na Labrador]] kwa muziki wa kitamaduni wa Newfoundland.<ref>Historic Wabana, [https://www.historic-wabana.com/harry-hibbs.html 'Harry Hibbs'], accessed on September 11, 2022.</ref><ref>[http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/cns_enl/id/1323 Harry Hibbs - Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador v. 2, p. 932]</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.heritage.nf.ca/arts/harryhibbs_article.html |title=Harry Hibbs - Heritage Newfoundland and Labrador |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103115418/http://www.heritage.nf.ca/arts/harryhibbs_article.html |archivedate=2015-01-03 |accessdate=2025-01-09 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{BD|1942|1989}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Kanada]] 9w7wfby1mxuqn6ne0586vu3g4kzqe2c 0 197465 1612425 1385915 2026-11-01T15:46:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612425 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Garven_Metusala.jpg|thumb|Metusala akichezea Forge FC mwaka 2021]] '''Garven-Michée Metusala''' (alizaliwa Desemba 31, [[1999]]) ni mchezaji wa soka wa kulipwa ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kati katika klabu ya Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC kwenye ligi ya USL. Alizaliwa [[Kanada]], lakini anaichezea timu ya taifa ya [[Haiti]].<ref name=forges>{{cite web|url=https://stingers.ca/news.php?id=1856|title=Stinger defender Garven Metusala forges pro soccer career in CPL|date=July 1, 2021|work=[[Concordia Stingers]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260206211218/https://stingers.ca/news.php?id=1856|archivedate=2026-02-06|accessdate=2025-01-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=recruit>{{cite web |title=Soccer recruit Garven-Michee Metusala to join Stingers |url=https://stingers.ca/news.php?id=1741 |publisher=[[Concordia Stingers]] |date=16 November 2019 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250904101446/https://stingers.ca/news.php?id=1741 |archivedate=2025-09-04 |accessdate=2025-01-15 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=profor>{{cite web|url=https://canpl.ca/article/forge-fc-signs-attacker-nwafornso-cpl-u-sports-draft-pick-metusala|title=Forge FC signs attacker Nwafornso, CPL-U SPORTS Draft pick Metusala|date=June 23, 2021|work=[[Canadian Premier League]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Oliver|last=Neven|title=Stingers men’s soccer star selected in CPL Draft |url=https://thelinknewspaper.ca/article/stingers-mens-soccer-star-selected-in-cpl-draft |publisher=[[The Link (newspaper)|The Link]]|date=29 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.insauga.com/forge-fc-hamilton-get-defensive-in-2021-cpl-university-draft/|title=Forge FC Hamilton get defensive in 2021 CPL university draft|work=Insauga|first=Anthony|last=Urciuoli|date=January 29, 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1999|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Haiti]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] max831zim8p2gu8lcsuepolzp1tommz 0 198759 1612420 1609301 2026-11-01T14:34:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612420 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francisco Bethencourt''' (alizaliwa [[Lisbon]], [[1955]]) ni [[mwanahistoria]] na msomi wa [[Ureno]].<ref name=kcl>{{cite web |url=https://www.kcl.ac.uk/people/francisco-bethencourt |title=Professor Francisco Bethencourt |date= |accessdate=2024-08-16 |quote= |publisher=[[King's College London]] }}</ref> == Elimu == Bethencourt alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Lsbon na kupata shahada ya Uzamili (Master of Arts) kutoka Chuo Kipya cha Lisbon. Alikamilisha shahada ya udaktari (PhD) katika Taasisi ya Chuo Kikuu cha [[Ulaya]] (European University Institute) mjini [[Florence]], Italia.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ces.uc.pt/en/ces/pessoas/investigadoras-es-colaboradoras-es/francisco-bethencourt |title=Francisco Bethencourt |date= |accessdate=2024-08-16 |publisher=[[University of Coimbra]] |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240816064003/https://ces.uc.pt/en/ces/pessoas/investigadoras-es-colaboradoras-es/francisco-bethencourt |archivedate=2024-08-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanahistoria wa Ureno]] [[jamii:waliozaliwa 1955]] [[jamii:watu walio hai]] [[jamii:WikiMonthly Edit-a-thon Kilimanjaro]] rrptnt844h19owtlycpai816nndh810 0 201554 1612506 1400907 2026-11-02T06:39:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612506 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Katsuko Nishimoto''' (西本 勝子, Nishimoto Katsuko; [[1 Aprili]] [[1950]] – [[14 Februari]] [[2025]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Kijapani]] kutoka Chama cha ''Liberal Democratic Party'' (LDP) na mbunge wa Baraza la Wawakilishi katika Bunge la Kitaifa la [[Japani]].<ref>[https://www.kochinews.co.jp/article/detail/832428 訃報　比例四国選出の自民元衆院議員、西本勝子さん死去　７４歳] {{Wayback|url=https://www.kochinews.co.jp/article/detail/832428 |date=20250225115301 }} {{in lang|ja}}</ref> == '''Maisha ya Awali na Elimu''' == Nishimoto alizaliwa tarehe 1 Aprili 1950 na alikulia katika Wilaya ya ''Takaoka, Kōchi''. Alimaliza masomo yake katika Chuo Kikuu cha Dokkyo. == '''Kazi ya Kisiasa''' == Alianza siasa mwaka [[1995]] aliposhinda nafasi katika baraza la kijiji cha Hidaka, Kōchi. Mnamo [[2005]], alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza kuwa mbunge katika Bunge la Japani. == Marejeo == <nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki> [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2025]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Japani]] <references />{{Mbegu-siasa}} 04vfdpe69x23rtyorua1g6dx5tsib5a 0 201590 1612396 1610958 2026-11-01T14:06:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612396 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:FLORENCE MULEKA BAJIKILA.jpg|thumb|300px|Senata Florence Muleka Bajikila (2025)]] '''Florence Muleka Bajikila''' (alizaliwa [[Mbuji-Mayi]], 6 Agosti 1960) ni mwanasiasa kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Kwa sasa ni [[Seneta]] kutoka Eneo Bunge la Mkoa wa Lomami<ref name="www.ceni.cd">Lien web |langue=fr |titre= ANNEXE I : Listes définitives des candidatures à l'élection des Sénateurs, Province: Lomami, Ville: KABINDA, Circonscription: LOMAMI |url=https://www.ceni.cd/sites/default/files/2024-04/CENI%20RDC%20-%20Elections%20des%20Senateurs%20-%20Listes%20Definitives%20-%20LOMAMI.pdf {{Wayback|url=https://www.ceni.cd/sites/default/files/2024-04/CENI%20RDC%20-%20Elections%20des%20Senateurs%20-%20Listes%20Definitives%20-%20LOMAMI.pdf |date=20251226224944 }} |site=www.ceni.cd |date=15 avril 2024 |consulté le=15 février 2024</ref>{{,}}<ref name="www.senat.cd">Lien web |langue=fr |titre=RDC : "Liste des Sénatrices" |url=https://www.senat.cd/vos-senateurs/les-senateurs-femmes/ |site=www.senat.cd |année=2024 |consulté le=15 février 2024</ref>. == Malumbano katika Seneti == Mnamo Agosti 8, 2024, [[Seneti]] iliwasilisha orodha ya mwisho ya wagombea waliochaguliwa kwa nyadhifa mbalimbali za ofisi ya mwisho ya baraza la juu la Bunge la Kongo. Kati ya maombi 20 yaliyopokelewa, moja tu ndiyo iliyokataliwa kwa nafasi ya Quaestor. Huu ni ugombeaji wa Seneta Muleka Bajikila Florence wa kikundi cha kisiasa [[chama cha siasa|Alliance of Unified and Allied Tshisekedists]] (ATU-A). Ile ya Pascal Omana kwenye wadhifa wa Naibu Quaestor hapo awali "chini ya kutoridhishwa", imethibitishwa kwa uhakika<ref name="afriliks.com">Lien web |url=https://afriliks.com/actualites/article/rdc-19-candidats-sur-la-liste-d-finitive-pour-7-si-ges-du-bureau-du-s-nat {{Wayback|url=https://afriliks.com/actualites/article/rdc-19-candidats-sur-la-liste-d-finitive-pour-7-si-ges-du-bureau-du-s-nat |date=20251226224909 }} |titre=RDC: 19 candidats sur la liste définitive pour 7 sièges du bureau du Sénat |site=afriliks.com |date=08 août 2024 |consulté le =15 février 2024</ref>{{,}}<ref name="infocongo.net">Lien web|langue=fr |titre=Sénat : l’élection des membres du bureau définitif de nouveau reportée à une date ultérieure |url=https://infocongo.net/2024/08/09/senat-lelection-des-membres-du-bureau-definitif-de-nouveau-reportee-a-une-date-ulterieure/ {{Wayback|url=https://infocongo.net/2024/08/09/senat-lelection-des-membres-du-bureau-definitif-de-nouveau-reportee-a-une-date-ulterieure/ |date=20250426184028 }} |site=infocongo.net |date=09 août 2024 |consulté le =15 février 2024</ref>{{,}}<ref name="radiodelafemme.net">Lien web|langue=fr |titre=Sénat : Carole Agito et Florence Muleka déposent également leurs candidatures à l’élection du Bureau définitif |url=https://radiodelafemme.net/senat-carole-agito-et-florence-muleka-deposent-egalement-leurs-candidatures-a-lelection-du-bureau-definitif/ {{Wayback|url=https://radiodelafemme.net/senat-carole-agito-et-florence-muleka-deposent-egalement-leurs-candidatures-a-lelection-du-bureau-definitif/ |date=20250327005434 }} |site=radiodelafemme.net |date=05 août 2024 |consulté le =15 février 2024</ref>{{,}}<ref name="actualite.cd">Lien web|langue=fr |titre=Élection du Bureau définitif du Sénat : nouveau report pour des raisons sécuritaires et techniques |url=https://actualite.cd/2024/08/09/election-du-bureau-definitif-du-senat-nouveau-report-pour-des-raisons-securitaires-et |site=actualite.cd |date=09 août 2024 |consulté le =15 février 2024</ref>. ===Faragha === Florence Muleka Bajikila, ni mke wa [[mfanyabiashara]] kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Albert Yuma]]<ref name="acp.cd">Lien web|langue=fr |titre=L’affaire opposant le ministère public et la partie civile contre Florence Muleka renvoyée à mardi prochain |url=https://acp.cd/nation/laffaire-opposant-le-ministere-public-et-la-partie-civile-contre-florence-muleka-renvoyee-a-mardi-prochain/ |site=acp.cd |date=22 mars 2021 |consulté le =15 février 2024</ref>. == Makala zinazohusiana == * [[Noëlla Bachebandey Manzolo]] * [[Anne Mbunguje Marembo]] * [[Cathy Botema Mboyo]] * [[Nadine Boboy Mwanela]] * [[Arlette Bahati Tito]] * [[Renabelle Kayala Ninga]] == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1960|}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:wabunge wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] h4bk2t79qh4dsv0yyjtx4pkmioa5lj6 0 201679 1612494 1401464 2026-11-02T04:35:10Z SajoR 15283 1612494 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Coat of arms of Karl Joseph Alter.svg|thumb]] '''Karl Joseph Alter''' ([[18 Agosti]] [[1885]] – [[23 Agosti]] [[1977]]) alikuwa [[askofu]] wa Kanisa Katoliki nchini [[Marekani]]. Alihudumu kama askofu wa Jimbo la Toledo huko Ohio (1931–1950) na kama askofu mkuu wa Jimbo kuu la Cincinnati huko Ohio (1950–1969).<ref name="curtis">{{cite book|title=The American Catholic Who's Who|last=Curtis|first=Georgina Pell|publisher=Walter Romig|year=1961|volume=XIV|location=Grosse Pointe, Michigan}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1885]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1977]] [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] f4uwib1lh5oasrwotkn5rd0f5dp6l13 0 202273 1612478 1515023 2026-11-02T00:24:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612478 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Houghton_MS_Riant_35_-_de_Vitry_page_1.jpg|right|thumb|Hati ya Mahubiri Vulgares, karne ya 13, na Jacques de Vitry]] [[Faili:Seal_of_James_of_Vitry.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Muhuri wa Jacques de Vitry kama askofu wa Akri.]] '''Jacques de Vitry''' (Jacobus de Vitriaco, takriban 1160/70 – 1 Mei 1240) alikuwa kiongozi wa kanisa wa Ufaransa, ambaye alijulikana kama [[mwanateolojia]] na [[Historia|mwanahistoria]] katika kipindi chake. Alichaguliwa kuwa askofu wa [[Akko]] mnamo mwaka 1214 akafanywa kuwa [[kardinali]] mwaka 1229. [[Kitabu]] chake ''Historia Orientalis'' (pia kinajulikana kama Historia Hierosolymitana) ni chanzo muhimu katika uandishi wa historia ya Misafara ya Msalaba.<ref>{{Rejea jarida|last=Bartlett|first=Robert|date=2023|title=Jacques de Vitry (d. 1240) and the Religious Life of his Time|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-229X.13345|journal=History|language=en|volume=108|issue=379–380|pages=3–19|doi=10.1111/1468-229X.13345|issn=0018-2648|hdl-access=free|hdl=10023/27054}}</ref><ref>[[Peter of les Vaux-de-Cernay]], ''[[Historia Albigensis]]'' 285. It was perhaps during this preaching campaign that he met Bishop [[Folquet de Marselha|Foulques of Toulouse]]; cf. [[Guillaume de Puylaurens]], ''[[Chronica (Guillaume de Puylaurens)|Chronica]]'' 28.</ref> Alifahamu [[Wahumiliati]] na [[Fransisko wa Asizi]] akasifu [[maisha]] yao. ==Maandishi yake== ;Historigrafia * ''Orientalis et occidentalis Historia.'' ed. F. Moschi, ex officina typographica Balthazaris Belleri, Douai, 1596, ([https://archive.org/details/IacobiDeVitriacoCardinalisLibriDuo1596 archive.org], [https://digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10189102 online facsimile]). * ''Historia Hierosolimitana.'' ed. Jacques Bongars, in: ''Gesta Dei Per Francos, Sive Orientalium Expeditionum, Et Regni Francorum Hierosolimitani Historia.'' 1611, ([https://digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10868074 online facsimile]). * John Frederick Hinnebusch (ed.): ''The Historia occidentalis of Jacques de Vitry. A Critical Edition'' (= ''Spicilegium Friburgense. Texte zur Geschichte des kirchlichen Lebens.'' vol. 17, {{ISSN|0561-6158}}). The University Press, Fribourg 1972. *''Jacques de Vitry. Historia Orientalis'', ed. Jean Donnadieu, 2008. Translations: * Abridged and incomplete translation to English: [https://archive.org/details/cu31924028534422 ''The {Abbreviated} History of Jerusalem, A.D. 1180 by Jacques de Vitry''] (= ''[[Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society]]'' vol. 11, no. 2, {{ZDB|2224954-0}}), translated by Aubrey Stewart, year 1896. * French translation: [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1121191/f4.item ''Histoire des croisades, par Jacques de Vitry''], translated by François Guizot year 1825 ;Hotuba * ''Sermones de tempore.'' Kreuzherrenkonvent, Düsseldorf 1486, ({{ULBDD|urn:nbn:de:hbz:061:1-447965}}) * ''Sermones de Tempore.'' In aedibus viduae & haeredum Ioannis Steelsij, Antwerpen 1575. *''Iacobus de Vitriaco. Sermones vulgares vel ad status'' I, éd. J. Longère (''Corpus Christianorum. Continuatio Mediaevalis'' 255), Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2013 ({{ISBN|978-2-503-54532-5}}) * ''Sermones vulgares.'' In: ''Analecta Novissima Spicilegii solesmensis.'' Disseruit [[Jean-Baptiste Pitra|Joannes Baptista Pitra]]. Band 2. Typis Tusculanis, Paris 1888, (excerpts). * ''The Exempla or Illustrative Stories from the Sermones Vulgares of Jacques de Vitry'' (= ''Publications of the Folk-Lore Society.'' 26, {{ZDB|401527-7}}). Edited with introduction, analysis, and notes by Thomas Frederick Crane. Nutt, London 1890, ([https://archive.org/details/exemplaorillust00crangoog archive.org]). * Joseph Greven (ed.): ''Die Exempla aus den Sermones feriales et communes des Jakob von Vitry'' (= ''Sammlungen mittellateinischer Texte.'' 9, {{ZDB|500169-9}}). Winter, Heidelberg 1914, ([https://archive.org/details/dieexemplaausden00jacquoft archive.org]). * Goswin Frenken, ''Die Exempla des Jacob von Vitry. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Erzählungsliteratur des Mittelalters'' (= ''Quellen und Untersuchungen zur lateinischen Philologie des Mittelalters.'' vol. 5.1, {{ZDB|516355-9}}). Beck, München 1914. ;Barua * [[Reinhold Röhricht]] (ed.): ''Briefe.'' In: ''Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte.'' vol. 14, 1894, 97–118; vol. 15, 1895, vol. 568–587; vol. 16, 1896, 72–114. *''Lettres de Jacques de Vitry'' ed. R. B. C. Huygens. Leiden, 1960. ;Mengineyo * ''Vita b. Mariae Oignies.'' In: ''[[Acta Sanctorum]]. Junii.'' vol. 4. Petrus Jacobs, Antwerp 1707, [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6047g/f674.item.r=Acta%20sanctorum%20junii%201707 636–666]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons category}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250220095124/https://openn.library.upenn.edu/Data/0023/html/lewis_e_138.html Lewis E 138 Historia hierosolymitana (History of Jerusalem) at OPenn] * [https://deremilitari.org/2014/04/jacques-de-vitry-sermons-to-a-military-order/ Translations of two of Jacques de Vitry's ''ad status'' sermons (to those in a military order), at De Rei Militari] *[http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/halsall/source/vitry1.html Jacques de Vitry: Life of the Students at Paris] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20190111150510/http://oignies.collectionkbf.be/parchment-mitre Jacques de Vitry's parchment mitre, the only one of its kind that has survived] {{Mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1160]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1240]] [[Jamii:Wakanoni]] [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]] [[Jamii:Makardinali]] [[Jamii:Wanahistoria wa Ufaransa]] bghtwg68ijfffgtyegmjpq9r1ergtqc 0 204486 1612479 1515080 2026-11-02T00:38:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612479 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Beckford''' (alizaliwa Saint Mary, Jamaika [[9 Januari]] [[1975]]) ni [[mwanariadha]] wa [[Jamaika]] wa mbio na uwanjani alishiriki katika kuruka kwa muda mrefu. Aliiwakilisha Jamaika katika ngazi ya [[Olimpiki]] mwaka wa [[1996]], [[2000]] na [[2004]]. Alikuwa mshindi wa [[medali]] ya [[fedha]] katika mbio ndefu kwenye Olimpiki ya 1996 na pia ana medali mbili za fedha kutoka kwa Mashindano ya Dunia ya Riadha (kutoka [[1995]] na 2003). Alichaguliwa kuwa Mwanaspoti Bora wa Mwaka wa Jamaica kwa 1995, [[1996]] na 2003. Ndiye mshikilizi wa sasa wa rekodi ya Jamaika ya kuruka mara tatu na alama ya 17.92 m, na pia alikuwa mmiliki wa rekodi ya kuruka kwa urefu wa 8.62m hadi 28 [[Septemba]]. [[2019]] ilipobadilishwa na alama ya 8.69 m na Tajay Gayle katika Mashindano ya Dunia ya Riadha huko [[Doha]], [[Qatar]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2020-05-20|title=Beckford triple jump national record turns 25|url=http://jamaica-star.com/article/sports/20200520/beckford-triple-jump-national-record-turns-25|access-date=2022-01-12|website=jamaica-star.com|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522045315/http://jamaica-star.com/article/sports/20200520/beckford-triple-jump-national-record-turns-25|archivedate=2020-05-22|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanariadha wa Jamaika]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1975]] tg13mf4x92pela9dyz4zq3yxr7isjbo 0 204658 1612390 1611964 2026-11-01T13:55:45Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612390 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} [[Faili:Patrick Stewart by Gage Skidmore 2.jpg|thumb|Patrick Stewart (2019)]] '''Sir Patrick Stewart''' (13 Julai 1940 - 28 Oktoba 2026) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Uingereza]]. Akifanya kazi kwa zaidi ya miongo saba katika jukwaa na skrini, amepokea tuzo mbalimbali, ikiwa ni pamoja na tuzo mbili za Laurence Olivier na [[Grammy Awards|Tuzo ya Grammy]], pamoja na uteuzi kwa Tuzo ya Tony, Tuzo tatu za Golden Globe, Tuzo nne za Emmy, na Tuzo tatu za Screen Actors Guild. Alipokea nyota kwenye [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] mwaka 1996 na alitunukiwa cheo cha knight na Malkia Elizabeth II kwa huduma zake kwa sanaa ya maigizo mwaka 2010.<ref name="thepsn">{{cite web|url=http://www.thepsn.org/psn/biography.asp|title=Patrick Stewart Biography|access-date=14 January 2008|year=2007|work=The Patrick Stewart Network|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111093439/http://www.thepsn.org/psn/biography.asp|archive-date=11 January 2008}}</ref> Mwaka 1966, Stewart alijiunga na Royal Shakespeare Company. Alifanya debut yake katika tamthilia za Broadway mwaka 1971 katika uzalishaji wa ''A Midsummer Night's Dream''. Mwaka 1979, alipokea tuzo ya Laurence Olivier kwa Muigizaji Bora katika Nyingine ya Pili kwa uigizaji wake katika ''Antony and Cleopatra'' kwenye West End. Huo ulikuwa ni nafasi yake ya kwanza ya televisheni katika ''Coronation Street'' mwaka 1967. Majukumu yake makubwa ya kwanza kwenye skrini yalikuwa katika ''Fall of Eagles'' (1974), ''I, Claudius'' (1976) na ''Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy'' (1979). Mwaka 2008 alirudia jukumu lake kama Mfalme Claudius katika ''Hamlet'' na alipokea tuzo yake ya pili ya Olivier na uteuzi wake wa kwanza wa Tuzo ya Tony kwa uzalishaji wa West End na Broadway mtawalia.<ref>{{cite web|last1=McKittrick|first1=Chris|title=Patrick Stewart on His Early Career Struggles and What He Learned About Acting from Working at a Furniture Store|url=https://www.dailyactor.com/film/patrick-stewart-early-career-struggles/|website=Daily Actor|date=21 November 2013|access-date=23 October 2023}}</ref> Stewart alijulikana kimataifa kwa nafasi yake kuu kama Kapteni Jean-Luc Picard katika ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' (1987–1994), nafasi aliyoirudia katika mfululizo wa filamu na ''Star Trek: Picard'' (2020–2023). Aliigiza kama Kapteni Ahab katika mfululizo wa miniseri wa Marekani ''Moby Dick'' (1998), Ebenezer Scrooge katika filamu ya televisheni ya TNT ''A Christmas Carol'' (1999) na Mfalme Henry II katika filamu ya Showtime ''The Lion in Winter'' (2003). Alijulikana pia kwa kuonekana kwa ucheshi katika vichekesho kama ''Frasier'' na ''Extras'', ambapo alipokea uteuzi wa Tuzo ya Primetime Emmy kwa Muigizaji Bora wa Wageni katika Series ya Vichekesho. Aligiza pia kama kiongozi wa ''Blunt Talk'' (2015–2016). Anatoa sauti kwa mkurugenzi wa CIA, Avery Bullock, katika ''American Dad!''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bigissue.com/features/letter-to-my-younger-self/5961/brian-blessed-interview-the-queen-wanted-me-to-shout-gordons|title=Brian Blessed interview: "The Queen wanted me to shout 'Gordon's Alive!'"|access-date=22 July 2016|archive-date=30 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630202952/http://www.bigissue.com/features/letter-to-my-younger-self/5961/brian-blessed-interview-the-queen-wanted-me-to-shout-gordons|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nafasi yake ya kwanza ya filamu ilikuwa katika ''Hedda'' ya Trevor Nunn (1975), akifuatiwa na nafasi katika ''Excalibur'' ya John Boorman (1981) na ''Dune'' ya David Lynch (1984). Aliendelea kupata umaarufu alipoigiza kama Profesa Charles Xavier katika mfululizo wa filamu za ''X-Men'' (2000–2014), akirudia nafasi hiyo katika ''Logan'' (2017) na ''Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness'' (2022). Ameigiza katika filamu mbalimbali ikiwemo ''L.A. Story'' (1991), ''Robin Hood: Men in Tights'' (1993), ''Jeffrey'' (1995) na ''The Kid Who Would Be King'' (2019). Pia amepewa sauti katika nafasi za ''The Pagemaster'' (1994), ''The Prince of Egypt'' (1998), ''Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius'' (2001), ''Chicken Little'' (2005), ''Gnomeo & Juliet'' (2011) na ''Ted'' (2012). == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Patrick Stewart alizaliwa Mirfield katika West Riding ya Yorkshire mnamo 13 Julai 1940, akiwa mtoto wa Gladys (aliyekuwa Barrowclough), mtengenezaji wa vitambaa na mfanyakazi wa viwandani, na Alfred Stewart (1905–1980), msimamizi mkuu wa regimenti katika Jeshi la Uingereza la Parachute Regiment wakati wa [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia|Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]], ambaye baadaye alifanya kazi kama mfanyakazi wa jumla na mjumbe wa posta. Ana ndugu wawili wakubwa, Geoffrey (alizaliwa 1925) na Trevor (alizaliwa 1935). Alikulia katika familia maskini huko Mirfield, ambapo alikumbana na unyanyasaji wa nyumbani kutoka kwa baba yake. Kama matokeo ya huduma ya vita wakati wa uokoaji wa Dunkirk, baba yake alikumbwa na uchovu wa vita, ambao sasa unajulikana kama PTSD. Stewart alisema mwaka 2008, "Baba yangu alikuwa mtu mwenye nguvu, mtu mwenye nguvu sana, ambaye alipata alichotaka. Ilisemekana kwamba alipoingia kwenye uwanja wa mazoezi, ndege zilisimama kuimba. Ilikuwa ni miaka mingi kabla sijagundua jinsi baba yangu alivyoiingiza nafsi yake kwenye kazi yangu. Nimejipatia moustache kwa Macbeth. Baba yangu hakuwa na moustache, lakini nilipoangalia kwenye kioo kabla ya kutoka jukwaani niliona uso wa baba yangu ukinitazama kwa moja."<ref name="ghost">{{cite web|url=http://www.rsc.org.uk/whatson/7514.aspx|title=Patrick plays the Ghost and Claudius in Hamlet|website=Royal Shakespeare Company|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100409080926/http://www.rsc.org.uk/whatson/7514.aspx|archive-date=9 April 2010|access-date=2 January 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> Stewart alihudhuria Shule ya Crowlees Junior na Infant, shule inayohusiana na Kanisa la Kiingereza huko Mirfield. Alikiri baadaye kuwa kazi yake ya uigizaji ilitokana na mwalimu wake wa Kiingereza hapo, Cecil Dormand, ambaye alimweka Stewart aishike nakala ya Shakespeare na kumwambia aondoke na kuigiza. Alijiunga na Shule ya Sekondari ya Mirfield Modern mwaka 1951 akiwa na umri wa miaka 11, na akaendelea kujifunza sanaa ya maigizo hapo. Karibu wakati huo, alikutana na kufahamiana na mwigizaji mwenzake Brian Blessed kwenye kozi ya maigizo huko Mytholmroyd. Akiwa na miaka 15, aliondoka shuleni na kuongeza ushiriki wake katika sanaa za uigizaji za mtaa. Alijimudu kwa kufanya kazi kama mwandishi wa habari za magazeti na mwandishi wa makala za vifo kwa gazeti la mtaa, lakini alikata kazi hiyo baada ya mwaka mmoja alipolazimishwa na boss wake kuchagua kati ya uigizaji au uandishi wa habari. Kulingana na mmoja wa ndugu zake, Stewart alihudhuria mazoezi ya tamthilia alipopaswa kuwa kazini kisha akaandika hadithi alizokuwa akiripoti, au kumshawishi mwandishi mwingine kumtuliza. Stewart alijipatia kazi katika duka la samani, ambalo lilikuruhusu kuhudhuria mazoezi kwa urahisi bila migongano ya ratiba, na pia aligundua kuwa kipaji chake cha uigizaji kilikuwa kinatumika, jambo lililomsaidia kuwa na ufanisi katika mauzo huku akifanyia mazoezi mbinu za uigizaji kwa kubuni mbinu za kuuza kwa kila mteja. Alifundishwa pia mchezo wa masumbwi. Alisema kwamba uigizaji ulikuwa njia ya kujieleza akiwa mdogo. Stewart na Blessed baadaye walipokea misaada ya masomo kwa ajili ya kuhudhuria Shule ya Maigizo ya Bristol Old Vic. Stewart alikuwa mtu wa kwanza ambaye hakuwa mhitimu wa Oxford wala Cambridge kupokea msaada kutoka kwa Halmashauri ya West Riding.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Tudors on Film and Television|url=https://archive.org/details/tudorsonfilmtele0000parr|last1=Robison|first1=William B.|last2=Parrill|first2=Sue|date=2013|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-5891-2|location=Jefferson, NC|page=[https://archive.org/details/tudorsonfilmtele0000parr/page/n139 130]|author2-link=Sue Parrill}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1940|2026|Stewart, Patrick}} [[Jamii:waigizaji filamu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Feminism and Folklore 2025 in Tanzania]] sj6bqp1j5laueayo3mrkimm0glq3gxx 0 204838 1612495 1599816 2026-11-02T04:53:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612495 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Julian Araujo.jpg|thumb|Araujo akiwa na LA Galaxy mwaka 2019]] '''Julián Vicente Araujo Zúñiga''' (alizaliwa tarehe 13 Agosti [[2001]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[soka]] wa kitaaluma ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kulia kwa klabu ya AFC Bournemouth katika Ligi kuu. Alizaliwa [[Marekani]] na anawakilisha timu ya taifa ya [[Meksiko]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Julián Araujo, new Barça Atlètic player (17-02-23) |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/barca-b/photos/3069107/julian-araujo-new-barca-atletic-player-17-02-23 |access-date=2023-02-17 |website=www.fcbarcelona.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://santamariatimes.com/sports/high-school/lompoc-native-julian-araujo-gets-a-potential-starting-chance-as-galaxy-resume-season/article_fde4518f-c80a-58ba-9eb7-ba7165380eb5.html|title=Lompoc native Julian Araujo gets a potential starting chance as Galaxy resume season|website=Santa Maria Times|date=7 June 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217174014/https://santamariatimes.com/sports/high-school/lompoc-native-julian-araujo-gets-a-potential-starting-chance-as-galaxy-resume-season/article_fde4518f-c80a-58ba-9eb7-ba7165380eb5.amp.html|archivedate=2023-02-17|accessdate=2025-12-05|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Reyna|first=Lorenzo J.|title=Julian Araujo completes first season with Barca Academy as an All-Conference player|url=https://santamariatimes.com/sports/local/julian-araujo-completes-first-season-with-barca-academy-as-an-all-conference-player/article_709882ca-9213-52cf-af6b-5708f39f9fc6.html|access-date=1 June 2021|website=Santa Maria Times|date=17 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=2021-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213759/https://santamariatimes.com/sports/local/julian-araujo-completes-first-season-with-barca-academy-as-an-all-conference-player/article_709882ca-9213-52cf-af6b-5708f39f9fc6.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://syvnews.com/sports/high-school/araujo-commits-to-ucsb-prendergast-lands-first-offer/article_c7680ee0-0248-5cc2-9f19-909bfbdaf9b0.html|title=Araujo commits to UCSB, Prendergast lands first offer|first=Lorenzo J.|last=Reyna|work=Santa Yves Valley News|date=21 March 2017|accessdate=2025-03-09|archive-date=2019-03-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327222229/https://syvnews.com/sports/high-school/araujo-commits-to-ucsb-prendergast-lands-first-offer/article_c7680ee0-0248-5cc2-9f19-909bfbdaf9b0.html|url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|2001|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Marekani]] mjs0yw4nbwrugmyivjm6k3q77egh42a 0 204850 1612408 1612160 2026-11-01T14:19:59Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612408 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Roskilde Festival Chelsea Wolfe 7 (crop).jpg|thumb|Chelsea Wolfe (2018)]] '''Chelsea Joy Wolfe''' (alizaliwa [[14 Novemba]] [[1983]])<ref name="birth index">{{cite web|url=http://www.californiabirthindex.org/birth/chelsea_joy_wolfe_born_1983_16141110|work=The California Birth Index|title=Chelsea Joy Wolfe was born on November 14, 1983, in Placer County, California|access-date=April 11, 2016}}</ref> ni [[mwimbaji]], [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]] na [[mwanamuziki]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Kazi yake inachanganya vipengele vya gothic rock, doom metal, na muziki wa folk.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://consequence.net/2015/04/chelsea-wolfe-announces-new-album-abyss-premieres-iron-moon-listen/|title=Chelsea Wolfe announces new album, Abyss, premieres "Iron Moon" – listen |work=Consequence of Sound|date=April 28, 2015 }}</ref><ref name="COS">{{cite web|last=Manning|first=Erin|title=Album Review: Chelsea Wolfe – Abyss|url=https://consequence.net/2015/07/album-review-chelsea-wolfe-abyss/|publisher=[[Consequence of Sound]]|access-date=August 22, 2015 |date=August 7, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/chelsea-wolfe-mn0000581132|title=Chelsea Wolfe – Music Biography, Streaming Radio and Discography|author=Phares, Heather|publisher=AllMusic|access-date=September 17, 2018}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki-USA}} {{BD|1983|}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Marekani]] hm17z9z83wqbf419per9wa0jotc145c 0 205103 1612476 1514914 2026-11-01T23:44:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612476 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Martha Ivelisse Pesante Rodríguez''' (anajulikana kitaaluma kama Ivy Queen, alizaliwa [[4 Machi]] [[1972]]) ni rapa, mwimbaji na mwigizaji wa [[Puerto Rico]]. Anachukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa aina ya reggaeton, anayejulikana kwa kawaida kama Malkia wa Reggaeton.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.largeup.com/2012/01/05/throwback-thursdays-wayne-marshall-on-the-noise-6-feat-ivy-queen-friends/|title=Throwback Thursdays: Wayne Marshall on 'The Noise 6' feat. Ivy Queen + Friends|website=LargeUp|date=January 5, 2012|access-date=March 7, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405181636/https://www.largeup.com/2012/01/05/throwback-thursdays-wayne-marshall-on-the-noise-6-feat-ivy-queen-friends/|archivedate=2023-04-05|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latintimes.com/richest-reggaeton-artists-15-urban-music-singers-fat-bank-accounts-and-fit-bodies-420781|title=Richest Reggaeton Artists: 15 Urban Music Singers with Fat Bank Accounts and Fit Bodies|work=[[Latin Times]]|author=Gomez, Shirley|date=July 18, 2017|access-date=September 24, 2018|publisher=[[Newsweek Media Group]]}}</ref> Ivy Queen alianza kazi yake kama mwanachama wa kikundi cha wanaume wote kilichoitwa The Noise huko San Juan, [[Puerto Rico]]. Huko, aliimba wimbo wake wa kwanza "Somos Raperos Pero No Delincuentes" (Sisi ni Rapa, Sio Wahalifu). Ivy Queen alikwenda peke yake mnamo [[1996]], na akatoa albamu yake ya kwanza ya studio "En Mi Imperio" (Katika Milki Yangu) ambayo ilichukuliwa haraka na Sony Discos kwa usambazaji mnamo [[1997]].<ref>{{Rejea habari|last=Herrera|first=Isabelia|date=2021-08-11|title=Reggaeton's History Is Complex. A New Podcast Helps Us Listen That Way.|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/11/arts/music/reggaeton-loud-podcast.html|access-date=2021-09-18|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Baadaye akatoa "The Original Rude Girl," albamu yake ya pili ya studio kwa lebo ya Sony, ambayo ilizaa wimbo maarufu "In the Zone." Hata hivyo, Ivy Queen hakupata umaarufu hadi alipohamia lebo ya rekodi huru kutoa albamu yake ya tatu ya studio, "Diva" mnamo [[2003]]. [[Albamu]] za Ivy Queen "Diva," "Flashback," na "Sentimiento" zote zimepewa hadhi ya rekodi za Dhahabu na Platinamu na Chama cha Tasnia ya Rekodi cha Amerika (RIAA). Albamu yake ya saba ya studio "Drama Queen" ilitolewa mnamo [[2010]], na ikazaa wimbo wa juu kumi "La Vida es Así." Ilifuatiwa na "Musa" iliyoteuliwa kwa Tuzo ya Grammy mnamo [[2012]]. Rekodi za Ivy Queen mara nyingi zinajumuisha mada za uwezeshaji wa wanawake, maswala ya kijamii na kisiasa, ukafiri, na mahusiano.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2021-08-04|title=A Beat, a Queen, and a Lot of Gasoline: 'LOUD' Podcast Explores a Genre's Evolution|url=https://newsroom.spotify.com/2021-08-04/a-beat-a-queen-and-a-lot-of-gasoline-loud-podcast-explores-a-genres-evolution/|access-date=2021-09-18|website=Spotify|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-latin/ivy-queen-reggaeton-puerto-rico-802732/|title = The First Time: Ivy Queen on Early Reggaeton, Embracing Her LGBTQ Fans|magazine = [[Rolling Stone]]|date = March 9, 2019}}</ref> Ivy Queen ni mmoja wa wasanii tajiri zaidi wa reggaeton na alikuwa na thamani ya jumla ya $10 milioni mnamo [[2017]]. Yeye pia ni mwenyeji wa podikasti asili ya Spotify "Loud," ambapo anazungumza juu ya historia ya reggaeton na anaangazia wasanii mashuhuri wa Kilatini. Podikasti hiyo ya vipindi 10 ilianza [[Agosti 4]], [[2021]] kwenye Spotify, na vipindi vikitolewa kila wiki siku za Jumatano.<ref name="Whine Up">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_BxMEAAAAMBAJ|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_BxMEAAAAMBAJ/page/n43 44]|quote=Ivy Queen.|title=The Billboard Reviews: Singles|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]]|date=June 2, 2007|access-date=May 22, 2013}}</ref> Ivy Queen alizaliwa huko Añasco, Puerto Rico. Alipokuwa mdogo, wazazi wa Queen walihamia New York, ambapo alilelewa. Hakumaliza shule ya upili, akifikia darasa la kumi na moja huko Marekani Bara, na alisoma muziki katika Kituo cha Sanaa za Maonyesho cha New Jersey. Alipokuwa na miaka 18, Ivy Queen alihamia San Juan, ambapo alikutana na rapa na mtayarishaji DJ Negro. Mnamo [[1995]], Queen alijiunga na kikundi cha wanaume wote cha Puerto Rico kilichoitwa The Noise, kwa mwaliko wa DJ Negro. Kikundi hicho kikawa sehemu ya eneo la reggaeton linalochipuka. DJ Negro alianza kutayarisha mfululizo wa CD zinazozingatia The Noise. Ivy Queen alifanya mwonekano wake wa kwanza kwenye toleo la tano la mfululizo wa CD kwenye wimbo uitwao "Somos Raperos Pero No Delincuentes". Alichoka na mada za jeuri na za ngono ambazo mara nyingi zilitumika katika reggaeton, na alitamani kuandika juu ya mada mbalimbali zaidi.<ref name="Allmusic">{{cite web|url=http://allmusic.com/artist/ivy-queen-p224845|title=Ivy Queen - Biography|last=Leggett|first=Steve|publisher=Allmusic|access-date=April 14, 2011}}</ref><ref name="Zones with Clef">{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XQ0EAAAAMBAJ&q=In+The+Zone+wyclef+jean&pg=PA66|title=Ivy Queen Zones With 'Clef|last=Lannert|first=John|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=March 24, 1999|access-date=December 8, 2012}}</ref> DJ Negro alimshawishi Queen kwenda peke yake, na mnamo 1997 alirekodi albamu yake ya kwanza ya solo, "En Mi Imperio"—ambayo iliangazia wimbo maarufu "Como Mujer"—kwa Sony Discos. Mnamo 1998, Queen alizindua albamu yake ya pili, "''The Original Rude Girl''"—ambayo ilimshirikisha Don Chezina, Alex D'Castro, na Domingo Quiñones—na alifanya kazi na Wyclef Jean kwenye wimbo wake wa kwanza "In the Zone". Albamu hiyo ni ya lugha mbili na inaangazia muziki wa hip hop, tofauti na reggaeton iliyoangaziwa kwenye albamu yake ya kwanza. "The Original Rude Girl" haikufanikiwa kibiashara lakini "In The Zone" ilishika nafasi ya 38 kwenye [[Billboard]] Rhythmic Top 40.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQ0EAAAAMBAJ&q=In+The+Zone+wyclef+jean&pg=PA20|title=Popular Uprisings: Billboard's Weekly Coverage of Hot Prospects for The Heatseekers Chart - Ivy League|last=Hay|first=Carla|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=June 26, 1999|access-date=December 8, 2012}}</ref> Mnamo 1999, baada ya kukosa mafanikio ya kibiashara na albamu zake za kwanza mbili za studio, Sony ilimudu toa Queen na akachukua mapumziko kutoka kwa kazi yake ya muziki. Mnamo 2001 na 2002, muziki wa Queen ulianza kuonekana kwenye albamu za mkusanyiko za reggaeton, zikizaa nyimbo maarufu kama "Quiero Bailar" kutoka "The Majestic 2" na "Quiero Saber" kutoka "Kilates". Na nyimbo kama "Quiero Bailar", Ivy Queen aliwakilisha wanawake "Katika harakati ambayo ilipata umaarufu wa kibiashara [na iliyoongozwa kwa kiasi kikubwa na wanaume] na maneno ya jeuri na ngoma ya 'doggiestyle perreo'". Ivy Queen alijiimarisha kama dhamiri ya kike isiyopendelea upuuzi ya reggaeton. (Wimbo wake wa "Quiero Bailar" ulimwonveka mwenzi wake wa dansi asifasirie vibaya hatua hizo.) Mnamo 2003, Queen na mumewe wa wakati huo Gran Omar walitia saini na lebo huru ya Miami, Real Music, iliyoanzishwa na Jorge Guadalupe na Anthony Pérez. Walionekana kwenye albamu ya kwanza ya lebo hiyo "Jams Vol. 1". Queen mara kwa mara alionekana na kuigiza kwenye kipindi cha televisheni cha reggaeton "The Roof", ambacho kiliangazia muziki wa mijini na mtindo wa maisha, na kilitayarishwa na Pérez.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/ivy-queen-mn0000101664/awards|title=Ivy Queen - Awards|work=[[Allmusic]]|publisher=[[Rovi Corporation]]|access-date=December 8, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/singles/3033464|title=Rhythmic Top 40 1999-03-13|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=December 8, 2012}}</ref><ref name="Forgotten">{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3A8EAAAAMBAJ&q=Ivy+queen+had+it+all&pg=PA15|title=Reggaetón Acts Rise Up On Indie Labels|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|last=Newman|first=Melinda|date=March 6, 2004|access-date=December 8, 2012}}</ref> Mnamo [[2003]], Ivy Queen alitoa "Diva," albamu yake ya tatu ya studio. Ilizaa nyimbo maarufu ikiwa ni pamoja na "Quiero Bailar." Albamu hiyo inachukuliwa kuwa ilikuwa muhimu kwa kufichua reggaeton kwa watazamaji wa kawaida mnamo [[2004]]. Baada ya mafanikio ya albamu hiyo ambayo ilithibitishwa kuwa ya platinamu na RIAA, Ivy Queen alitoa toleo la platinamu la "Diva" mnamo [[2004]]. Toleo la platinamu liliteuliwa kwa "Albamu ya Reggaeton ya Mwaka" katika [[Tuzo]] za Muziki za Kilatini za [[Billboard]] za [[2005]]. "Quiero Bailar," wimbo wa kwanza wa albamu hiyo, ukawa wimbo wa kwanza wa lugha ya Kihispania kufikia nafasi ya kwanza kwenye chati ya Rhythmic Top 40 ya kituo cha redio cha Marekani cha Miami cha WPOW—ambacho kwa kawaida hachezi muziki wa Kihispania.<ref name="Billboard">{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eRMEAAAAMBAJ|title=Billboard|date=March 31, 2007|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc.|language=en}}</ref> Albamu ya nne ya studio ya Queen, "Real," awali ilipangwa kuwa albamu yake ya kwanza ya lugha ya Kiingereza ya urefu kamili baada ya kupokea ofa za mkataba kutoka kwa lebo kadhaa za rekodi—ikiwa ni pamoja na Sony. Queen alisema kuwa ilikuwa fursa nzuri ya kufikia masoko mengine, na hasa soko la ushindani la rap ya [[Kiingereza]]. Ofa ya Sony ya kurekodi albamu ya lugha ya Kiingereza ilikuja baada ya wao kugundua kuwa albamu zake za awali za Sony zilisikika huko London, shukrani kwa mafanikio ya "Diva." Albamu hiyo ilijumuisha ushirikiano na wasanii wakiwemo Fat Joe, La India, Héctor Delgado, na Getto & Gastam. Mtayarishaji wa hip-hop wa Marekani Swizz Beatz alitayarisha wimbo wa "Soldados." Albamu ilitolewa [[Novemba 16]], [[2004]], na ikazaa wimbo wa Top 10 "Dile" ambao uliteuliwa kwa "''Wimbo wa Airplay wa Kitropiki wa Mwaka, wa Kike.''"<ref>{{Citation|last=parodiamix|title=Ivy Queen - Yo Quiero Bailar ORIGINAL [!!!]|date=2008-09-07|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ykj61GLeVz4 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/ykj61GLeVz4 |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|access-date=2016-03-07}}{{cbignore}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references />{{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Puerto Rico]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Puerto Rico]] [[Jamii:Feminism and Folklore 2025 in Tanzania]] gw54viz4q9ouuwy6jxp8kbpw1nluzrm 0 205426 1612452 1580189 2026-11-01T19:37:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612452 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Helen Mangwende''' alikuwa kiongozi katika Vilabu vya Wanawake wakati wa karne ya 20. Mangwende aliwahamasisha wanawake wengi wa Kiafrika wakati wa utawala wa wachache weupe. Uundaji wake wa Shirikisho la Vilabu vya Wanawake wa Kiafrika (FAWC) uliwapa wanawake wa Kiafrika fursa ambazo hazingekuwepo kupitia elimu ya kawaida ya kikoloni ya nyumbani. Juhudi za Mangwende ziliwaonyesha wanawake wa Kiafrika na wa kikoloni kwamba wangeweza kufanya kazi pamoja kusaidiana. == Muktadha wa kihistoria == Kile kinachoitwa sasa [[Zimbabwe]] kiliwahi kuitwa kwa majina mengine kadhaa. Haya ni pamoja na [[Southern Rhodesia]], [[Rhodesia]], na Zimbabwe Rhodesia. Southern Rhodesia ndilo jina la kwanza lililotumika kwa koloni hiyo. Jina Rhodesia linatokana na mkoloni mashuhuri aitwaye [[Cecil Rhodes|Cecil John Rhodes]]. [[Northern Rhodesia]] ilikuwa jimbo tofauti la kikoloni. Southern Rhodesia ilikuwa koloni la Uingereza ambalo lilijiendesha kwa wachache weupe. Kama koloni nyingi za Kiafrika, ilitawaliwa kwa muda mrefu lakini tofauti na nchi nyingi za Kiafrika, haikupata uhuru wa kweli kwa muda mrefu. Kwa sehemu kubwa ya karne ya 20, nchi hiyo ilitawaliwa na wachache weupe.<ref name="Tawse-Jollie 1927 Southern Rhodesia">{{cite journal |last1=Tawse-Jollie |first1=Ethel |title=Southern Rhodesia: A White Man's Country in the Tropics |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_geographical-review_1927-01_17_1/page/n101 |journal=Geographical Review |date=1927 |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=89–106 |doi=10.2307/208135 |jstor=208135 |bibcode=1927GeoRv..17...89T }}</ref> Wakati Waingereza walipojaribu kurekebisha hili baadaye, walikumbana na upinzani. Hii ilikuwa wakati [[Rhodesia]] ilipoanzishwa mwaka 1965. Southern Rhodesia ilikuwepo kuanzia 1923-1965 na kwa muda mfupi mwaka 1979-1980. Kwa kuwa Helen Mangwende alifariki mwaka 1955, aliishi kwa sehemu kubwa ya kuwepo kwa Southern Rhodesia. Jambo kuu lililomathiri yeye na maisha ya wengi katika eneo hilo lilikuwa utawala wa wachache weupe. Walowezi weupe walikuwa wa kawaida na Southern Rhodesia ilitumika kama mahali pa kilimo cha mazao ya magharibi na pamba.<ref name="Tawse-Jollie 1927 Southern Rhodesia"/> Hii ilikuwa kwa sababu eneo hilo lilikuwa na mwinuko mzuri. Helen Mangwende aliishi katika mji mdogo ambao ulikuwa na mazingira ya kilimo. Southern Rhodesia iligongwa vibaya na mfadhaiko mkuu wa miaka ya 1930 lakini ilirudi kwenye wimbi la Vita vya Kidunia vya pili kwa sababu ya uzalishaji wao wa kilimo kwa kulisha Washirika.{{citation needed|date=Mei 2024}} Hii ilifanya koloni hiyo kuwa na utajiri wa kiasi lakini kwa watu wa juu tu. Wamiliki wa mashamba weupe walipata pesa nyingi na wakati baadhi ya pesa hizo zilitumika kwa miundombinu, pesa nyingi zilipelekwa kwa koloni jirani ambazo zilikuwa zikikumbana na shida za kifedha. Walowezi hawa weupe walikuwa muhimu sana kwa Mangwende kwa sababu aliunda uhusiano mkati kati yake na wanawake weupe waliokuwa wakiishi katika eneo hilo.<ref name="Kaler 1999 Visions of Domesticity"/> Kufanya hivi alitumia uelewa wake wa maisha ya nyumbani na jinsi alivyotaka kufundisha watu. Hii hatimaye ilipelekea kuanzishwa kwa FAWC ambayo inasimama kwa Shirikisho la Vilabu vya Wanawake wa Kiafrika.<ref name="Kaler 1999 Visions of Domesticity"/> Vilabu hivi viliendesha kazi kwa kufundisha mwakilishi kutoka eneo fulani na mwakilishi huyo angejaribu kufundisha watu wa jamii yao kuhusu maisha ya nyumbani na usafi.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> Hii baadaye ikawa urithi wa Helen Mangwende. == Maisha ya mapema == Ingawa sehemu kubwa ya maisha ya mapema ya Helen Mangwende haijulikani, kuna mambo machache ambayo yanaweza kufahamika. Southern Rhodesia imejikuta ikiitwa kwa majina mengi katika karne ya 20 lakini Mangwende alizaliwa zaidi ya Southern Rhodesia. Hii inaweza kudhaniwa kwa sababu anaonekana akiwa na umri mdogo katika filamu aliyoonekana.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> Filamu hii ilitolewa mwaka 1949 na kama alikuwa na umri mdogo wakati huo, labda alizaliwa katika enzi ya 1923-1955. Labda alizaliwa katika mji wa Murehwa.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> [[Murewa|Murehwa]] ni mji mdogo wa vijijini/[[wilaya]] nchini Zimbabwe ambayo inajulikana kwa milima yake maarufu na kilimo. Mlima maarufu zaidi kati ya hao unaitwa Nyaungwe Hill. Wakati fulani, alipata elimu fulani. Elimu hii ingekuwa imejikita zaidi katika maisha ya nyumbani na usafi.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> Inawezekana sana kwamba alienda shule ya Misheni ya Kiprotestanti kwani zilikuwa za kawaida wakati huo. Hii inaweza kudhaniwa kwa sababu anaendelea kufundisha wanawake wengi wa eneo hilo kuhusu maisha ya nyumbani wakati bado akiwa na umri mdogo. Maisha ya mapema ya Helen Mengwende hayajulikani sana na sehemu kubwa ya habari inayopatikana huanza baada ya kuolewa na Chief Mangwende akiwa na umri wa miaka 18. Hakuna tarehe halisi ya wakati alipoolewa. Inaonekana kuwa haiwezekani kujua umri wake wakati wowote alipoonekana. Kitu kimoja cha hakika ni kwamba chini ya utawala wa kikoloni maisha yake kama mtoto lazima yalikuwa magumu. Katika mapema ya karne ya ishirini, koloni hiyo ilikuwa imejaa walowezi weupe na ilikuwa mahali pazuri kwa mazao ya magharibi na pia pamba.<ref name="Tawse-Jollie 1927 Southern Rhodesia"/> Walowezi hawa weupe walipatiwa haki na serikali ya kikoloni na kwa sababu hiyo, idadi kubwa ya watu weusi waliangukia katika umaskini.<ref name="Tawse-Jollie 1927 Southern Rhodesia"/> == Mambo mashuhuri == === FAWC === Helen Mangwende alifanya juhudi kubwa za kuanzisha njia ya wanawake wa Kiafrika kujifunza ujuzi wa nyumbani na ufundi wa nyumbani. Helen Mangwende aliolewa na Chief Munhuwepayi Mangwende akiwa na umri wa miaka 18.<ref name="Kaler 1999 Visions of Domesticity">{{cite journal |last1=Kaler |first1=Amy |title=Visions of Domesticity in the African Women's Homecraft Movement in Rhodesia |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_social-science-history_fall-1999_23_3/page/n7 |journal=Social Science History |date=1999 |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=269–309 |doi=10.1017/s0145553200018101 |pmid=22416325 }}</ref> Alikuwa mwalimu wa vijijini kutoka Murehwa.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi">{{cite AV media |title=The Wives of Nendi |type=Film short |date=1949 |url=http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/312 |people=Peet, Stephen (Director); Mangwende, Mai (Writer) |id={{IMDb title|qid=Q128600988|title=tt4433416}} |access-date=2025-03-21 |archive-date=2025-03-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250321104602/http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/312 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mwaka 1950, Helen Mangwende aliunda FAWC (Shirikisho la Vilabu vya Wanawake wa Kiafrika).<ref name="Kaler 1999 Visions of Domesticity"/> Mangwende alikasirishwa na hali ambayo ukoloni uliwaweka watoto na wanawake, na hii ilipelekea kuanzishwa kwa FAWC.<ref>{{cite thesis |last1=Huff |first1=Barbara Jean |title=Christian women's organizations in Zimbabwe : facilitating women's participation in development through advocacy and education |date=1996 |page=161 |publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst |oclc=982385201 |doi=10.7275/m635-qa37 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Alisaidia kuanzisha FAWC na kuanzisha vilabu vingine vya wanawake, ikiwa ni pamoja na Klabu ya Mrewa Bantu, ambayo ilikuwa na wanachama zaidi ya 700 mwaka 1950.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> Mwaka 1953, Helen Mangwende pia alienda kwenye Ziara ya Kifalme na kukutana na Malkia Elizabeth. Princess Margaret alisaidia kufadhili msingi wa Klabu ya Mrewa wakati wa kukaa kwake huko Ulaya baada ya Ziara ya Kifalme.<ref name="Barnes Virgin Territory">{{cite book |last1=Barnes |first1=Teresa Ann |chapter=Virgin Territory?: Travel and Migration by African Women in Twentieth-Century Southern Africa |pages=[https://archive.org/details/womeninafricanco0000unse/page/164 164]–190 |editor1-last=Geiger |editor1-first=Susan |editor2-last=Allman |editor2-first=Jean |editor3-last=Musisi |editor3-first=Nakanyike |title=Women in African Colonial Histories |url=https://archive.org/details/womeninafricanco0000unse |date=2002 |publisher=Indiana University Press |isbn=978-0-253-21507-9 |oclc=1205417717 |hdl=2027/heb04111.0001.001 }}</ref> Mangwende alifanya kazi na wanawake weupe wa kikoloni ambao pia waliendesha vilabu hivyo. Mangwende alijua kwamba mafanikio ya vilabu yalitegemea msaada mkubwa wa wanawake weupe. Waangalizi wakati huo walimwona kama mtu aliyejaza pengo kati ya rangi.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> Mangwende aliamini kwamba elimu na mafunzo ya ujuzi yalipaswa kuletwa kwa wanawake na watoto wa Kiafrika ambao walihitaji badala ya kusafiri kwenda shule.<ref name="Huff 1996 p163">{{cite thesis |last1=Huff |first1=Barbara Jean |title=Christian women's organizations in Zimbabwe : facilitating women's participation in development through advocacy and education |date=1996 |page=163 |publisher=University of Massachusetts Amherst |oclc=982385201 |doi=10.7275/m635-qa37 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Aliamini kwamba kufundisha na kuwafundisha wanawake wa Kiafrika kuhusu ujuzi wa nyumbani kunaweza kuboresha maisha ya vijiji vyao kwa ujumla.<ref name="Huff 1996 p163"/> Mangwende alilenga aina mbalimbali za elimu ya kijinsia au ya nyumbani na ujenzi wa ujuzi kupitia kazi yake na vilabu vya wanawake na miradi ya ziada. Mangwende alifundisha kwanza ujuzi wa usafi na upishi ili kusaidia kupunguza kiwango cha vifo vya watoto katika vijiji alivyozuru na kuunda njia bora ya maisha.<ref name="Law Making Marmalade">{{cite journal |last1=Law |first1=Kate |title=Making Marmalade and Imperial Mentalities: the case of a Colonial wife |journal=African Research & Documentation |date=2010 |volume=113 |pages=19–25 |id={{ProQuest|847687649}} |doi=10.1017/S0305862X00019592 }}</ref> Wakati Mangwende alitaka fursa kwa wanawake wa Kiafrika, mamlaka za kikoloni zilitaka kufanya wake wa wasomi na wakulima wakali wa maadili ya kikoloni.<ref name="Musisi Colonial and Missionary Education"/> Hii ilipatikana kwa kupunguza elimu kwa mafunzo ya ujuzi na ujuzi wa kimsingi wa kusoma na kuandika. Wakati wa enzi za ukoloni, elimu mara nyingi ilitumika kusambaza tamaduni kuu na dini ya Ukristo huku ikikandamiza mila za kienyeji.<ref name="Musisi Colonial and Missionary Education">{{cite book |doi=10.36019/9780813571119-010 |chapter=Colonial and Missionary Education: Women and Domesticity in Uganda, 1900-1945 |title=African Encounters with Domesticity |date=1992 |last1=Musisi |first1=Nakanyike B. |pages=172–194 |isbn=978-0-8135-7111-9 }}</ref> Hii ilikuwa na athari kubwa kwa jamii zilizokoloniwa, ambazo zililazimika kukubali maadili ya wakoloni. Mamlaka za kikoloni zilimarisha udhibiti wao na kuendeleza ukosefu wa usawa wa kijinsia ndani ya mfumo wa elimu, ikionyesha itikadi pana za kikoloni.<ref name="Musisi Colonial and Missionary Education"/> === Kuonekana kwenye filamu ya Wives of Nendi === Mwaka 1949, Helen Mangwende aliigiza na kusaidia kuandika filamu maarufu, ''The Wives of Nendi''.<ref name="Kaler 1999 Visions of Domesticity"/> Mwongozaji wa The Wives of Nendi alibainisha kuwa Mangwende alihusika karibu kila sehemu ya mchakato wa uandishi wa filamu.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> Katika filamu hiyo, Mangwende alicheza kama mtu wa kike aliyejifunza na kutoa mapendekezo kuhusu usimamizi wa nyumba katika kijiji chake.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> Helen Mangwende alicheza kama Mai Mangwende katika The Wives of Nendi. Klabu yake ya wanawake inafundisha mke wa kwanza wa Nendi jinsi ya kusafisha nyumba zao na jinsi ya kupika. Mke wa kwanza wa Nendi hapendi kufuata mapendekezo ya klabu hadi Mangwende anapomfundisha ujuzi huo. Baada ya Mangwende kuwafundisha wake wa Nendi ujuzi wa ufundi wa nyumbani, wanakuwa wapishi na wafundi bora wa nyumbani katika kijiji.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> Filamu hiyo ilionyesha mafunzo na elimu ambayo wanachama wa FAWC wangepitia. Wakati wa moja ya matukio, wanawake kadhaa walisema kwamba Mangwende aliboresha maisha yao kwa kuwafundisha jinsi ya kusafisha nyumba zao.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> Kumekuwa na majadiliano na mabishano kuhusu filamu hiyo kuhusu uungwaji mkono wa maadili ya kikoloni.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> Baadhi ya watayarishaji na watazamaji wa Ulaya waliamini kwamba filamu hiyo ilionyesha utangazaji wa tamaduni za Magharibi na mafanikio ya ukoloni.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> Kwa upande mwingine, wanawake wengi wa Kiafrika walifasiri filamu hiyo kuonyesha nguvu ya wanawake katika kuunda jamii yenye nguvu, ikiunga mkono maadili ya Kiafrika badala ya ya kikoloni.<ref name="The Wives of Nendi"/> == Urithi == Helen Mangwende aligusa maisha ya Waafrika wengi. Vitendo vyake vinadhaminiwa nchini Zimbabwe kwenye Siku ya Helen Mangwende mnamo Machi 14.<ref name="Kaler 1999 Visions of Domesticity"/> Vilabu vingi vya wanawake viliweka maadili yao na kanuni kwa kufuata zile za Mangwende, hata baada ya kufa kwake mwaka 1955.<ref name="Barnes Virgin Territory"/> Mangwende anajulikana kama aliyekaribia sana [[Yesu|Kristo]] mwenyewe, kupitia maadili yake "safi" kama kiongozi wa vilabu vya wanawake.<ref name="Kaler 1999 Visions of Domesticity"/> Mangwende anachukuliwa kuwa Mama wa Ufundi wa Nyumbani kwa kuunda njia za wanawake wa Kiafrika kujifunza jinsi ya kusafisha na kupika kwa njia inayounga mkono maadili yao.<ref name="Kaler 1999 Visions of Domesticity"/> Helen Mangwende aliunda njia ambapo wanawake wa Ulaya na Kiafrika walifanya kazi pamoja kupitia vilabu vya wanawake na sanaa ya ufundi wa nyumbani. Kitendo hiki cha rangi zote mbili kufanya kazi pamoja kwa njia hii hakikuonekana kabla katika Zimbabwe ya kikoloni.<ref name="Law Making Marmalade"/> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Zimbabwe]] k3b92mzqwmzqida766je1vrmc2ynxsv 0 206878 1612496 1526347 2026-11-02T05:05:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612496 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Justine Masika Bihamba''' (alizaliwa [[Butembo]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], 1965) ni [[Harakati|mwanaharakati]] wa Kongo. Mwanzilishi wa [[Shirika Lisilo la Kiserikali|shirika lisilo la kiserikali]] ''la Harambee ya Wanawake kwa Waathiriwa wa Ukatili wa Kijinsia'', anafanya kazi ya kuboresha maisha ya wanawake wa vijijini, kutetea haki za wanaume na wanawake, na kusaidia wahasiriwa wa vita, haswa wanawake wahasiriwa wa unyanyasaji wa kijinsia. Kazi hii imejikita katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] na hasa katika jimbo la [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini|Kivu Kaskazini]] . Amekuwa akitishiwa mara kwa mara kukamatwa au kuuawa. == Wasifu == Masika Bihamba alipata diploma ya kitaifa mwaka wa 1985, na kisha akachukua elimu ya juu katika maendeleo ya jamii, mipango ya biashara, upatanishi na udhibiti wa migogoro . Mwaka 2002, alichangia kwenyi Human Rights Watch, akishughulikia hali ya wanawake mashariki mwa DRC . Mwaka 2002, Masika Bihamba alichangia katika utafiti kuhusu unyanyasaji dhidi ya wanawake katika kambi za dharura zilizowekwa kwa ajili ya watu waliokimbia makazi yao kufuatia mlipuko wa volcano ya Nyiragongo. Baada ya kushauriana na mashirika mengine, aliamua kuunda chama, Harambee ya Wanawake kwa Waathiriwa wa Unyanyasaji wa Kijinsia (SFVS). Katika miaka iliyofuata, SFVS ilitoa usaidizi wa kisaikolojia, kimatibabu na kisheria kwa wahasiriwa wa dhuluma na kukusanya ushuhuda juu ya ubakaji uliofanywa huko Kivu Kaskazini, kwa nia ya kujenga faili kwa ajili ya kesi inayowezekana katika Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Uhalifu (ICC), ikitoa wito wa kukamatwa na kuhukumiwa kwa wahusika wanaodaiwa. Masika Bihamba pia ni mwanachama hai wa anuwai ya mitandao mingine, kama vile [[Oxfam|Oxfam International]], Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, Kituo cha Ushirikiano wa Maendeleo cha Ubelgiji, [[Wakala wa Kimarekani kwa Maendeleo ya Kimataifa|Shirika la Maendeleo ya Kimataifa la Marekani (USAID)]] na mashirika mengine ya kibinadamu, kisiasa na maendeleo . Mnamo Septemba 18, 2007, wanajeshi sita wa jeshi la Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo walivamia nyumba yake huko Goma. Wanaume hao wanamwomba Masika Bihamba ambaye hayupo, na kuanza kupekua nyumba hiyo. Msichana mdogo anashambuliwa kingono, na mwingine anapigwa teke la uso kwa nguvu hivi kwamba jino linang'olewa. Masika Bihamba aliporudi nyumbani wakati wa shambulio hilo, watu hao walikimbia. Watuhumiwa hao baadaye walitambuliwa kuwa ni askari wanaounda mlinzi binafsi wa kanali wa jeshi la Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, lakini hawakukamatwa wala kuhukumiwa, licha ya Masika Bihamba kuwasilisha malalamiko yao ya kisheria dhidi yao siku tisa baada ya shambulio hilo. Mnamo juni 2010, alitoa ushahidi wake katika Mkutano wa Mapitio ya Mkataba wa Roma wa Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Uhalifu (ICC) mjini [[Kampala]], [[Uganda]] . Anasisitiza umuhimu wa kutekeleza hatua za kusaidia wanawake ambao ni wahasiriwa wa uhalifu wa kijinsia na ambao mara nyingi hupata kiwewe na unyanyapaa. Kwa mtazamo wake, aina hii ya misaada haitoshi na haipaswi kuwa mdogo kwa misaada ya kifedha . Aliendelea kuteseka na mashambulizi na vitisho katika miaka ya 2010. Mnamo Desemba 27, 2010, hakimu kutoka mji wa Goma wa Idara ya Mwendesha Mashtaka wa Kijeshi alimtishia Masika Bihamba kukamatwa ikiwa angeendelea kushutumu ukiukaji wa haki za binadamu unaofanywa mashariki mwa DRC. Hii inafuatia kuonekana kwake mnamo Novemba 28, katika kipindi cha TV5 Monde chenye kichwa Et si vous me disiez toute la vérité, ambapo Masika Bihamba anazungumza hasa kuhusu kutokujali, vitendo vya unyanyasaji wa kingono, ukiukaji wa haki za binadamu unaofanywa na Jenerali Bosco Ntaganda, na kutokujali anakofurahia. Mnamo Machi 2011, Masika Bihamba alipokea vitisho vilivyotokana na shughuli zake za haki za binadamu, hasa wito wake wa utekelezaji wa haraka wa Kifungu cha 1502 cha Sheria ya Dodd-Frank ya Marekani, inayojitolea kufuatilia ugavi wa "madini ya migogoro" kutoka DRC, hali ya mashariki mwa nchi hii inahusishwa kwa kiasi fulani na unyonyaji haramu wa maliasili. . Mnamo Machi 14, 2012, wakati wa mahojiano kwenye BBC, Masika Bihamba alitoa tena wito wa kukamatwa kwa Bosco Ntaganda. Wiki chache baadaye, Aprili 10, yeye na viongozi wengine wa vyama vya kiraia vya Kongo walikutana na Rais Joseph Kabila, wakirudia wito wa kukamatwa kwa Bosco Ntaganda. Mnamo Aprili 27, alipokea vitisho vya kifo kwa ujumbe wa maandishi na simu. Kufuatia hatua ya vitisho vya wanaume wa Bosco Ntaganda waliozingira nyumba ya mdogo wake, alikimbia Goma kwa uhamisho wa muda katika nchi ya Ulaya. Alirejea DRC mwaka 2013, baada ya Bosco Ntaganda kujisalimisha, kuruhusu kesi yake isikilizwe na Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Uhalifu. == Tuzo == * Justine Masika Bihamba alikuwa mmoja wa wanawake 1000 walioteuliwa kwa [[Tuzo ya Nobel ya Amani|Tuzo ya Amani ya Nobel]] ya 2005 . * Mnamo 10 desemba 2008, alipokea tuzo ya serikali ya Uholanzi, Mensenrechtentulp, au Haki za Kibinadamu Tulip . * Mnamo 2009, alipokea Tuzo ya Amani ya Pax Christi ya kimataifa. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://synergiedesfemmes.org Harambee ya Wanawake kwa Wahasiriwa wa Ukatili wa Kijinsia] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250530110409/https://www.soetendorpinstitute.org/news/news-archives/2008/81-human-rights-defenders-tulip-goes-to-justine-masika-bihama-10-december-2008 Video], Justine Masika Bihamba akizungumza kuhusu mapambano dhidi ya ukatili wa kijinsia mashariki mwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Taasisi ya Jacob Soetendorp ya Maadili ya Kibinadamu, 16 janvier 2009 . * [https://www.amnesty.ch/fr/sur-amnesty/publications/magazine-amnesty/2009-1/les-femmes-dans-l-enfer-du-kivu Wanawake katika kuzimu ya Kivu]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, tathmini ya Justine Masika ya hali ya wanawake katika Kivu Kaskazini {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1965]] [[Jamii:wanaharakati wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] 343u5myb4sly06pcixsy1xektmyyous 0 208044 1612486 1606763 2026-11-02T02:50:48Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612486 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | picha = | maelezo = | jina lingine = The Bad Boys of R&B | background = group_or_band | chimbuko = [[Charlotte, North Carolina|Charlotte]], [[North Carolina]], Marekani | aina ya muziki = {{hlist|[[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]|[[hip hop soul]]|[[new jack swing]]}} | diskografia = [[Diskografia ya Jodeci]] | miaka ya kazi = 1988–sasa | vikundi_shirika = {{flatlist| * [[K-Ci & JoJo]] * [[Swing Mob]] }} | studio =Sphinx, [[Epic Records|Epic]], [[Uptown Records|Uptown]], [[MCA Records|MCA]] | tovuti = {{URL|jodeci.com}} | wanachama sasa = [[DeVanté Swing|Donald "DeVanté Swing" DeGrate]]<br />[[Dalvin DeGrate|Dalvin "Mr. Dalvin" DeGrate]]<br />[[K-Ci (singer)|Cedric K-Ci" Hailey]]<br />[[K-Ci and JoJo|Joel "JoJo" Hailey]] }} '''Jodeci''' ni kundi la [[Rhythm na blues|muziki wa R&B]] lenye wanachama wanne kutoka nchini [[Marekani]]. Wanachama wake ni pamoja na [[DeVanté Swing]], [[Dalvin DeGrate|Mr. Dalvin]], [[K-Ci]], na [[K-Ci & JoJo|JoJo]]. Lilianzishwa mnamo mwaka 1988<ref name="MTV">{{cite web|last1=Tortorici|first1=Frank|title=Jodeci's K-Ci|url=https://www.mtv.com/news/13ahxa/jodecis-k-ci|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122045001/https://www.mtv.com/news/13ahxa/jodecis-k-ci|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 22, 2023|website=mtv.com|publisher=Music Television|access-date=November 20, 2023|date=September 1, 1998}}</ref> [[Charlotte, North Carolina]], Jodeci lilianza kama kundi la wawili tu, DeVanté Swing na JoJo, lakini baadaye kila mmoja aliongeza ndugu yake. Baada ya kusaini mkataba na [[Uptown Records]] mnamo 1990,<ref name="MTV"/> kundi hilo lilikamilisha kazi kwenye albamu yao ya kwanza, ''[[Forever My Lady]]'' (1991), iliyowapa mafanikio makubwa na nyimbo tatu mfululizo zilizoshika nafasi ya 1 kwenye chati za [[R&B/Hip-Hop songs|''Billboard'' R&B]]: [[Forever My Lady (wimbo)|wimbo wa jina la albamu]], "[[Stay (Jodeci song)|Stay]]" na "[[Come and Talk to Me]]".<ref name="Mca's k-ci & jojo get">{{cite journal|last1=King|first1=Aliya|title=Mca's k-ci & jojo get...|journal=Billboard Magazine|date=June 5, 1999|volume=111|issue=23|page=65|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tQ0EAAAAMBAJ&q=jodeci|access-date=February 28, 2015|issn=0006-2510}}</ref> Mafanikio ya kundi hilo kibiashara na kwa wakosoaji yaliendelea na kutolewa kwa ''[[Diary of a Mad Band]]'' (1993), ambayo inajumuisha nyimbo zilizovuma za ''Billboard'' "[[Cry for You (Jodeci song)|Cry for You]]" na "[[Feenin']]", na ''[[The Show, the After Party, the Hotel]]'' (1995), ambayo inajumuisha nyimbo zingine zilizovuma zaidi katika chati za ''Billboard'' " [[Freek'n You]]", "[[Love U 4 Life]]", na "[[Get On Up (Jodeci song)|Get On Up]]". Kundi hilo lilijaribu mitindo mbalimbali ya muziki ambayo kwa kawaida haihusiani na R&B ya asili. Kwa ujumla Jodeci wanajumuisha [[hip hop soul]], [[muziki wa injili]] na [[new jack swing]] katika muziki wao, jambo lililosababisha kundi hilo kuonekana sana na wasanii wa [[Hip hop music|hip hop]] wakati wa miaka ya 1990.<ref name="Mca's k-ci & jojo get"/> Kila albamu iliyotolewa na kundi hilo katika kipindi hiki ilipata cheti cha platinamu na [[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA), na kusaidia kufafanua upya aina hiyo ya muziki, ikiruhusu ukuaji wa kimaudhui na kimuziki katika R&B.<ref>{{cite web|title=Video: jodeci – 'every moment'|url=http://www.rap-up.com/2015/02/25/video-jodeci-every-moment/|website=rap-up.com|access-date=February 26, 2015|quote=The Bad Boys of R&B are back.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005121258/https://www.rap-up.com/2015/02/25/video-jodeci-every-moment/|archivedate=2023-10-05|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo 1996, walitangaza kusitisha shughuli – ingawa waliendelea kufanya kazi ya muziki kama kundi – jambo lililomfanya [[K-Ci & JoJo]] kujitenga kama wawili, wakitoa albamu tano hadi 2013,<ref>{{cite journal|title=K-ci and jojo hailey enjoy...|journal=Jet Magazine|date=November 24, 1997|volume=93|issue=1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aMQDAAAAMBAJ&q=k-ci+and+jojo&pg=PA57|access-date=February 28, 2015|issn=0021-5996|last1=Company|first1=Johnson Publishing}}</ref> wakati kundi hilo liliungana tena kwa albamu yao ya nne ya studio, ''[[The Past, the Present, the Future (Jodeci album)|The Past, the Present, the Future]]'' (2015).<ref>{{cite web|last1=Ni'Kesia|title=Jodeci reveals details about new album, teases 'every moment' video|url=http://www.thisisrnb.com/tag/jodeci/|website=thisisrnb.com|access-date=February 25, 2015|date=February 24, 2015|quote=The original Bad Boys of R&B are back!}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Davis|first1=Rea|title=Jodeci releases teaser for 'every video + new album moment'|url=http://allhiphop.com/2015/02/24/jodeci-releases-teaser-for-every-moment-video-new-album/|website=allhiphop.com|access-date=February 25, 2015|date=February 24, 2015|quote=The Bad Boys of R&B aka iconic R&B group Jodeci}}</ref> Hadi sasa, Jodeci wameuza zaidi ya rekodi milioni 20 ulimwenguni kote. Jarida la ''[[Complex (magazine)|Complex]]'' lililiweka kundi hilo nafasi ya 1 kwenye orodha yao ya "1990s Male R&B Group Pyramid of Excellence" mnamo 2014,<ref>{{cite web|first1=Ross|last1=Scarano|title=The '90s Male R&B Group Pyramid of Excellence|url=http://uk.complex.com/music/2014/05/90s-male-r-and-b-group-pyramid-of-excellence|website=Complex|access-date=May 8, 2014|quote=Jodeci as number one with multiple classic albums, and various Top 10 songs.}}</ref> likiwa moja ya makundi yenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi ya miaka ya 1990,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Sinclair|first1=Tom|title=Guns and roses|journal=Vibe|date=December 1993|volume=1|issue=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OygEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22The+Bad+Boys+of+R%26B%22&pg=PT88|issn=1070-4701|quote=Today, their label, Uptown Records, encourages the groups's penchant for wearing boots and hip hop gear, and tacitly condones Jodeci's image as "the bad boys of R&B."}}</ref> na kundi bora zaidi la R&B wakati wote.<ref>{{cite web|author=Bossip Staff|title=25 Male R&B Groups We Loved From The '90s|url=http://bossip.com/1118870/25-male-rb-groups-we-loved-from-the-90s/2/|website=Bossip|date=March 22, 2015 |access-date=March 22, 2015|quote=The best R&B group ever?.}}</ref> == Historia == === 1983–1991: Mwanzo na uanzilishaji wa kundi === Wakiwa wamekulia katika familia ya kidini sana ya [[Wapentekoste|Kipentekoste]], ndugu wawili K-Ci na JoJo – ambao wakati huo walijulikana kama [[Little Cedric]] & the Hailey Singers – awali walitumbuiza na kurekodi kama kundi la gospo, wakitoa albamu tatu; ''Jesus Saves'', ''I'm Alright Now'', na ''God's Blessings''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Albums|url=https://www.amazon.com/s?ie=UTF8&page=1&rh=n%3A163856011%2Ck%3ALittle%20Cedric%20And%20The%20Hailey%20Singers|website=amazon.com|access-date=March 2, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Darden|first1=B|title=Gospel lectern|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wCQEAAAAMBAJ&q=Little+Cedric+and+the+Hailey+Singers+billboard&pg=PA46|website=books.google.com|access-date=March 1, 2015|date=November 3, 1984}}</ref> Baadaye K-Ci wakafananishwa na [[Michael Jackson]] wakati wa kazi yao ilikuwa Gospel pekee. Tofauti, Bw. Dalvin na DeVanté Swing walitumbuiza na kufanya ziara katika kundi la gospel la familia yao lililoitwa Degrate Delegation. Studio ndipo mahali ambapo wawili hao baadaye walijuana kupitia mahusiano ambayo wanachama walikuwa nayo wakati huo. Katika mahojiano ya 2011, Dalvin alisema, "kulikuwa na kundi hili la gospel la wasichana lililoitwa UNITY na kisha Don DeGrate Delegation, ambalo mimi na Devanté tulicheza nalo. Kwa hivyo tulikutana na baadhi ya wasichana kutoka UNITY na [mmoja] alikuwa na mahusiano na K-Ci kabla hata hatujakutana [na yeye] alikuwa akituambia kila wakati kwamba tunahitaji kukutana na K-Ci na JoJo."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Williams|first1=C.|title=Dalvin degrate recalls...|url=http://soulculture.com/features/interviews/dalvin-degrate-recalls-making-jodecis-1991-album-forever-my-lady-return-to-the-classics/|website=soulculture.com|access-date=March 4, 2015|date=November 1, 2011|quote=there was this girl gospel group called UNITY...}}</ref> Muda mfupi baada ya kukutana, ndugu hao walianza kuishi pamoja baada ya kuacha familia zao ili kufuata kazi za muziki.<ref>{{cite web|title=Biography|url=http://www.myhot1065.com/lsp/a238/#__federated=1|website=www.myhot1065.com|access-date=March 2, 2015|archive-date=2018-08-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827005316/http://www.myhot1065.com/lsp/a238/#__federated=1|url-status=dead}}</ref> Akiwa na umri wa miaka 16, DeVanté Swing alisafiri hadi [[Minneapolis]], akitumaini kutembelea [[Paisley Park]] ili kufanya majaribio kwa [[Prince (musician)|Prince]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bogdanov|first1=Val|title=All Music Guide to Soul|date=2003|publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation|page=368|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o552g5xRRiwC&q=DeVante+ran+away|access-date=March 2, 2015|isbn=978-0-87930-744-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=About jodeci|url=http://www.mtv.com/artists/jodeci/biography/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150304134454/http://www.mtv.com/artists/jodeci/biography/|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 4, 2015|website=mtv.com|access-date=March 2, 2015}}</ref> Baadaye Swing alisema, 'Nilikuwa Paisley Park kila siku nikiomba kazi, nikiwaomba watu wasikilize kanda yangu. Mpokeaji aliendelea kusema asingeweza kunisaidia'. Kukataliwa kulimchochea Swing kuhamia tena North Carolina, na kufanya kazi ili kuboresha ujuzi wake wa utunzi wa nyimbo na utayarishaji. Baada ya kuwasili, Swing aliendelea kurekodi na wanachama wa ziada wa kundi, hatimaye kuunda Jodeci, na akaanza kufanya kazi kwenye kanda '''mfano awali''' (demo) ili kuwasilisha kwa watendaji wa lebo. Jina Jodeci ni kifupi cha majina ya wanachama wote. "Jo" inatoka kwa JoJo, "De" inatoka kwa Devante, na Ci inatoka kwa K-Ci, huku Dalvin akijiunga na kundi baadaye. Hivi karibuni wanachama walisafiri hadi [[New York City]] na demo ya nyimbo 29, kanda 3, wakitarajia mkataba wa kusaini na [[Uptown Records]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Whitlock|first1=Jason|title=Music|url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-04-10/entertainment/9204101023_1_degrate-dalvin-hailey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402124534/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-04-10/entertainment/9204101023_1_degrate-dalvin-hailey|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 2, 2015|newspaper=Orlando Sentinel|access-date=March 2, 2015|date=April 10, 1992}}</ref> Baada ya kuwasili New York, na bila kujua mahali pa kampuni tanzu ya [[MCA Records|MCA]], kundi lilitumia kitabu cha simu kupata anwani ya kampuni hiyo, iliyoko Clinton Street huko [[Brooklyn]]. Baadaye Swing alitoa maoni juu ya usajili huo, "hatukuwa na miadi lakini nilijua Uptown ilikuwa nini, na nilitaka tuwepo huko."<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|last1=Jones|first1=J.|title=Sean 'diddy' combs|date=January 1, 2014|page=30|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XR-WAgAAQBAJ&q=jodeci%22&pg=PA31|access-date=March 2, 2015|publisher=Enslow Publishers, Inc.|quote=We didn't have an appointment...|isbn=978-0-7660-4296-4}}</ref> Kundi lilikatazwa haraka kufanya majaribio hadi [[Andre Harrell]] alipokubali kusikiliza demo.<ref>{{cite web|quotation=Harrell is an executive many have credited with reenergizing r&b with hip-hop textures in the 1990s, e.g. Barry Michael Cooper, Kira Wakeam, and Tinbete Ermyas|title=He Revived R&B': The Legacy of Andre Harrell and Uptown Records|date=May 12, 2020|url=https://vocalo.org/andreharrelllegacy/|website=Vocalo.org|access-date=May 28, 2024}}</ref> Akiwa na shaka juu ya ubora wa hali ya juu wa utayarishaji, Harrell aliomba kundi litumbuize, ambapo walitumbuiza "[[Come and Talk to Me]]" na "[[I'm Still Waiting (Jodeci song)|I'm Still Waiting]]",<ref>{{cite web|last1=Williams|first1=Chris|title=Dalvin degrate recalls making...|url=http://soulculture.com/features/interviews/dalvin-degrate-recalls-making-jodecis-1991-album-forever-my-lady-return-to-the-classics/|website=soulculture.com|publisher=SoulCulture|access-date=March 2, 2015|date=November 1, 2011|quote=We sung 'Come and...}}</ref> mbele ya [[Jeff Redd]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gonzalez|first1=M.|title=K-ci & jojo talk the history of a mad band|url=http://www.ebony.com/entertainment-culture/k-ci-jojo-talk-the-history-of-jodeci-interview-111#axzz3TF9HtL40|work=Ebony|access-date=March 2, 2015|date=September 18, 2013|quote='We went to the office...}}</ref> Msanii wa [[Hip hop]] [[Heavy D]] alisikia utumbuizaji huo na akamshauri Harrell,<ref>{{cite book|author1=Lazerine, D|author2=Lazerine, C|title=The Ultimate Guide to Hip-Hop and R&B|date=February 29, 2008|publisher=Grand Central Publishing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s5Y7-DTbSMcC&q=jodeci+%22heavy+D%22&pg=PT197|access-date=March 2, 2015|isbn=978-0-446-51162-9}}</ref> hatimaye akawapeleka kundi hilo kwenye chakula cha jioni na kuwapa mkataba wa kurekodi.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Williams|first1=C.|title=Dalvin DeGrate recalls...|url=http://soulculture.com/features/interviews/dalvin-degrate-recalls-making-jodecis-1991-album-forever-my-lady-return-to-the-classics/|website=soulculture.com|publisher=Soul Culture|access-date=March 2, 2015|date=November 1, 2011|quote=The next thing we knew...}}</ref> Jodeci walipewa mwanafunzi wa wakati huo wa Uptown alikuwa [[Sean Combs]], ambaye alichukua jukumu la kukuza wasanii wapya. Kutofautisha mitindo iliyoasisiwa katika R&B na akina [[New Edition]] na [[Boyz II Men]], Bw. Dalvin aliunda sura mpya ya kundi. Combs alisaidia kupata sura hiyo kupitia kwa Andre Harrell,<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|last1=Charnas|first1=D.|title=The big payback|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=idYFcmXcRm4C&q=andre+harrell%22+%22heavy+d%22&pg=PT386|publisher=Penguin|access-date=March 2, 2015|date=November 1, 2011|quote=''Dress Jodeci the same...''|isbn=978-1-101-56811-8}}</ref> akiendeleza mtindo wa hip-hop, kama vile kofia za besiboli na [[The Timberland Company|buti za Timberland]], kwa kundi ili kuanzisha urembo tofauti katika aina hiyo.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|last1=Ro|first1=Ronin|title=Bad boy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=frt_Py4XUvwC&q=andre+harrell+jodeci&pg=PA16|publisher=Simon and Schuster|access-date=March 2, 2015|date=February 2, 2002|isbn=978-0-7434-3417-1}}</ref> Kundi lilianzishwa baada ya kutoa sauti za usuli kwenye wimbo wa 1990 "[[Treat Them Like They Want to Be Treated]]", na lilitumbuiza moja kwa moja kwenye ''[[Soul Train]]'' mnamo Juni 11, 1991.<ref>{{cite web|title=Inductee jodeci|url=http://northcarolinamusichalloffame.org/inductee-jodeci/|website=northcarolinamusichalloffame.org|access-date=March 2, 2015|date=October 5, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150306100750/http://northcarolinamusichalloffame.org/inductee-jodeci/|archive-date=March 6, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> === 1990–1995: ''Forever My Lady'', ''Diary of a Mad Band'', na ''The Show, the After Party, the Hotel'' === Baada ya kupata mkataba wa kurekodi mwaka 1990,<ref name="MTV"/> kundi lilitoa albamu yao ya kwanza ''[[Forever My Lady]]'' mwaka uliofuata. Mwandishi [[Ronin Ro]] alisisitiza, ''"Hawafanani tena na waimbaji wa injili… [[Sean Combs|Puffy]] pia aliwaomba wajenge fumbo lao kwa kupiga picha wakiwa wamegeuka mgongo kwa kamera, jambo alilokopa kutoka kwenye onyesho la jukwaa la [[Guy (band)|Guy]]."''<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|last1=Ro|first1=R.|title=Bad boy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=frt_Py4XUvwC&q=%22forever+my+lady%22+jodeci&pg=PA17|publisher=Simon and Schuster|access-date=March 3, 2015|date=February 2, 2002|quote=They no longer resembled...|isbn=978-0-7434-3417-1}}</ref> Nishati ya kuvutia ya albamu hiyo ilionyesha uwezo wa DeVanté wa kutunga nyimbo, ikianzisha upekee katika uzalishaji wake ambao ulichanganya uimbaji wa soul wa zamani na New Jack Swing, na kuunda uzalishaji wenye ujasiri mkubwa. Ilikuwa na nyimbo nambari 1 za R&B "Forever My Lady," "Stay," na "Come and Talk to Me." Bw. Dalvin anakumbuka jinsi albamu ''Forever My Lady'' ilivyoundwa, ''"Toleo la mwisho la albamu lililotolewa lilituchukua wiki moja tu kulimaliza kwa sababu tayari tulikuwa tumeandika nyimbo. Ilikuwa kuhusu kupata sauti zetu sawa kwa sababu sauti za kuimba zilikuwa tayari zimekamilika. Ilikuwa suala letu kurudi studio kuunda upya biti na nyimbo... Nyimbo nyingi ziliandikwa kabla hatujaondoka North Carolina. Kaka yangu alikuwa na miaka 16 na mimi nilikuwa na miaka 14 tulipounda nyimbo..."''<ref>{{cite web|last1=Willians|first1=C.|title=Dalvin DeGrate recalls making...|url=http://soulculture.com/features/interviews/dalvin-degrate-recalls-making-jodecis-1991-album-forever-my-lady-return-to-the-classics/|website=soulculture.com|access-date=March 4, 2015|date=November 1, 2011|quote=The last version of the album that was released...}}</ref> Albamu hiyo iliendelea kuuza nakala zaidi ya milioni tatu. Mnamo 1993, ugomvi mdogo uliibuka juu ya albamu ya pili ya bendi, ''[[Diary of a Mad Band]]''; Jodeci, wakiwa hawafurahishwi na jinsi walivyotendewa na Uptown, walianzisha wazo la kuondoka kwenda [[Death Row Records]], jambo lililosababisha karibu kutokuwepo kabisa kwa matangazo ya albamu. Ikifikia nambari 3 kwenye [[Billboard 200]] na nambari moja kwenye chati ya albamu za R&B, ambapo ilikaa kwa wiki mbili, ikitoa kibao cha #1 cha R&B "[[Cry for You (Jodeci song)|Cry for You]]"; "[[Feenin']]" na "What About Us", ''Diary of a Mad Band'' hatimaye ilipata platinum maradufu. Jodeci pia walifanya toleo la "Lately", wimbo wa [[Stevie Wonder]], kwa ajili ya toleo la ''Uptown MTV Unplugged'' mnamo 1993. Toleo la wimbo wa kundi hilo lilitolewa kama wimbo wa kukuza, likidai nafasi ya kwanza kwenye chati ya [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks]] kama kibao nambari moja cha R&B cha nne cha kundi. Pia ilikuwa kibao cha pop kilichofika kilele cha juu zaidi cha Jodeci, ikifikia nambari nne kwenye [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] mnamo Agosti 1993.<ref name="JdciLtly">{{cite web|url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p26053|pure_url=yes}}|title=allmusic ((( Jodeci > Charts & Awards > Billboard Singles )))|website=Allmusic|access-date=2010-04-17}}</ref> Iliuza nakala 900,000 na ilipewa cheti cha [[RIAA certification|dhahabu]] na [[Recording Industry Association of America]].<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FwgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA73 |title=Best-Selling Records of 1993 |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=BPI Communications|date=January 15, 1994 |access-date=May 4, 2015 |page=73 |issn=0006-2510|volume=106|number=3}}</ref> Toleo la studio ya wimbo huo lilijumuishwa kwenye ''Diary of a Mad Band''. Albamu ya tatu ya Jodeci, ''[[The Show, the After Party, the Hotel]]'', ilitolewa mnamo Julai 1995, ikifikia nafasi ya pili kwenye [[Billboard 200]] na kuifanya kuwa toleo la juu zaidi la kundi na kuongoza chati ya Albamu za R&B za Marekani. Kufikia Septemba 1995, ilipewa cheti cha platinamu katika mauzo na [[RIAA]], baada ya mauzo kuzidi nakala milioni moja nchini [[Marekani]]. Albamu hiyo ilikuwa na nyimbo zilizovuma [[Top 40]] "[[Freek'n You]]", "[[Love U 4 Life]]" na "[[Get on Up (Jodeci song)|Get on Up]]". === 2014–Sasa: Kurudi na ''The Past, the Present, the Future'' === Mnamo Februari 2014, [[Timbaland]] alifichua kuwa alikuwa akifanya kazi na Jodeci kwenye albamu yao ya kurudi mjini.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/timbaland-is-working-on-a-new-jodeci-album-news.9181.html|title=Timbaland Is Working On A New Jodeci Album|website=HNHH|date=February 3, 2014|accessdate=2025-06-18|archive-date=2014-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302233654/http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/timbaland-is-working-on-a-new-jodeci-album-news.9181.html|url-status=dead }}</ref> Mnamo Novemba 7, 2014, Jodeci waliungana tena na kutumbuiza nyimbo zao za kale kwenye Tuzo za Soul Train za 2014. Utumbuizaji huo pia ulijumuisha sehemu ya wimbo mpya kabisa ulioitwa "Nobody Wins," ambao ulitolewa Desemba 22, 2014. Wimbo huo ni wimbo wa kwanza kutolewa na Jodeci baada ya zaidi ya miaka 18. Wimbo wa mwisho uliotolewa na kundi hilo ulikuwa "Get on Up", mnamo 1996. Kabla ya utumbuizaji huo, kundi hilo halikuwa limepanda jukwaa pamoja nchini Marekani tangu 2006. Mnamo Januari 28, 2015, wimbo wa pili ulioitwa "Every Moment" ulitolewa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jodeci Debuts New Single "Every Moment"|url=http://www.epicrecords.com/news/jodeci-debuts-new-single-every-moment|website=epicrecords.com|publisher=Epic Records|access-date=January 31, 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206161107/http://www.epicrecords.com/news/jodeci-debuts-new-single-every-moment|archive-date=February 6, 2015}}</ref> Pia mwezi huo huo, ilitangazwa na [[Epic Records]] kwamba Jodeci walikuwa wamesainiwa na lebo hiyo ili kutoa albamu yao mpya.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bristout|first1=Ralph|title=Jodeci Signs To Epic Records, Preps New Album|url=http://revolt.tv/news/jodeci-signs-to-epic-records-preps-new-album/53571322-2F9E-4521-92AE-06B384595888|website=revolt.tv|publisher=Revolt Television|access-date=January 31, 2015}}</ref> Timbaland, ambaye hivi karibuni alileta [[Mosley Music Group]] yake kwa Epic, alifanya kazi kwenye albamu hiyo. Albamu yao ya nne, ''[[The Past, the Present, the Future (Jodeci album)|The Past, the Present, the Future]]'', ilitolewa mnamo Machi 31, 2015. Ilikuwa albamu yao ya kwanza baada ya miaka 20.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Jean Baptiste, Jr.|first1=Renaud|title=Jodeci's New Single "Every Moment" Proves Their Reunion Was Worth The 20 Year Wait|url=http://www.vh1.com/music/tuner/2015-01-29/jodecis-reunion-every-moment/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150131055208/http://www.vh1.com/music/tuner/2015-01-29/jodecis-reunion-every-moment/|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 31, 2015|website=vh1.com|publisher=VH-1|access-date=January 31, 2015}}</ref> Muda mfupi baada ya kutolewa kwa albamu, ziara ya kuungana tena ya Jodeci ilitangazwa. Onyesho la kwanza lilifanyika mnamo Juni 6, 2015, huko [[Richmond, Virginia]], kama sehemu ya tamasha la 11 la kila mwaka la Stone Soul Music Festival la jiji hilo. Jodeci walikuwa wa kwanza kutumbuiza katika tukio hilo, ikiashiria tamasha rasmi la kwanza la kundi hilo nchini Marekani tangu 1995. == Wanachama == ;Sasa *[[DeVante Swing]] – (1988–sasa) (mtayarishaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo, sauti za nyuma; Baritone) *[[Dalvin DeGrate|Mr. Dalvin]] – (1988–sasa) (mtayarishaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo, sauti za nyuma; Tenor wa Pili) *[[K-Ci]] – (1988–sasa) (mwimbaji kiongozi, mtunzi wa nyimbo, Tenor / Baritone) *[[K-Ci & JoJo|JoJo]] – (1988–sasa) (mwimbaji kiongozi, mtunzi wa nyimbo, Tenor) == Diskografia == '''Albamu za Studio''' * ''[[Forever My Lady]]'' (1991) * ''[[Diary of a Mad Band]]'' (1993) * ''[[The Show, the After Party, the Hotel]]'' (1995) * ''[[The Past, the Present, the Future (Jodeci album)|The Past, the Present, the Future]]'' (2015) == Tazama pia == *[[K-Ci & JoJo]] *[[Swing Mob]] == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == *{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p26053|label=Jodeci}} *{{IMDb name|1411613}} [[Category:Makundi ya muziki]] [[Category:Wanamuziki wa Marekani]] q2c0rboi0w3oa7hkeg65yo7j7as340n 0 208108 1612490 1466934 2026-11-02T03:28:50Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612490 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jolie Ngemi''' (alizaliwa [[Kinshasa]], 16 Aprili 1989) ni msanii wa maonyesho, wa jukwaani, mcheza dansi na mkoreografia kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=JOLIE NGEMI Identity n'a ngai|url=https://beursschouwburg.be/fr/events/jolie-ngemi-identity-na-ngai/#:~:text=La%20danseuse%20congolaise%20Jolie%20Ngemi,%C3%A0%20Bruxelles.|accessdate=2021-08-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831133540/https://beursschouwburg.be/fr/events/jolie-ngemi-identity-na-ngai/#:~:text=La%20danseuse%20congolaise%20Jolie%20Ngemi,%C3%A0%20Bruxelles.|archivedate=2021-08-31|url-status=dead}}</ref> . == Wasifu == Mwenye asili ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], yeye ni binti wa shemasi na mchungaji wa Kiprotestanti. Alifanya mazoezi na mwigizaji Jacques BanaYanga <ref name="Manufac">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jolie Ngemi|url=https://www.manufacture.ch/fr/5531/Jolie-Ngemi|date=|accessdate=8 avril 2024}}.</ref> . Katika 2011, aliunda onyesho la solo ''la Jolie'' kwa ushirikiano wa Ula Sickle na Yann Leguay, kisha akasoma katika Shule ya Mafunzo ya Sanaa ya Uigizaji na Utafiti huko Brussels <ref name="Manufac"/> . Alionyeshwa na Boris Charmatz, alikuwa sehemu ya waigizaji asili wa ''Danse de nuit'' <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Danse de nuit|url=https://www.borischarmatz.org/?danse-de-nuit|date=|accessdate=8 avril 2024}}.</ref> mnamo 2016 na ''gestes 10,000'' <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Amelie Blaustein Niddam|title=10000 gestes, le requiem tonitruant de Boris Charmatz|url=https://toutelaculture.com/spectacles/danse/boris-charmatz-10000-gestes/|date=20 octobre 2017|accessdate=8 avril 2024|archive-date=2025-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250619111612/https://toutelaculture.com/spectacles/danse/boris-charmatz-10000-gestes/|url-status=dead}}.</ref> . Mnamo 2020, aliunda kipindi cha ''Wakatt'' na wachezaji kumi na Serge Aimé Coulibaly <ref name="Manufac"/> . Mnamo 2023, aliunda kipindi cha ''Nkisi'' katika ukumbi wa Arsenic, Kituo cha Sanaa ya Maonyesho ya Kisasa huko [[Lausanne]] <ref name="RTS">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jolie Ngemi joue avec les frontières du visible et de l'invisible|url=https://www.rts.ch/video/emissions/ramdam/13900279-jolie-ngemi-joue-avec-les-frontieres-du-visible-et-de-l-invisible.html|date=30 mars 2023|accessdate=8 avril 2024}}.</ref> Anaishi [[Uswisi]] <ref name="RTS"/> . ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{BD|1989|}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] n02abj3qgiqiusi5ztpsz6uqmolkoi9 4 208508 1612457 1612330 2026-11-01T21:53:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1612457 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-11-01) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 65 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 70 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-11-01)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 397 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 564 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2413 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 568 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 333 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 322 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 241 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 166 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.37 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 336 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 168 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 300 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 332 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.53 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 555 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 231 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 252 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 274 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Udeni]] | 4.00 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.85 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 222 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 234 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 317 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 171 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Irelandi]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34950 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 19800 || ↓ -17.8% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 200.9 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 113.8 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2413 || ↓ -25.9% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 568 || ↓ -17.7% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 564 || ↓ -17.7% |- | 4 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 555 || ↑ +38.4% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 397 || ↓ -18.3% |- | 6 || [[Burundi]] || 336 || ↓ -19.0% |- | 7 || [[Uingereza]] || 332 || ↓ -14.0% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 322 || ↓ -21.5% |- | 9 || [[Komori]] || 317 || ↓ -2.8% |- | 10 || [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] || 300 || ↓ -5.1% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 487 || 38.9% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 28.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 166 || 13.2% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 96 || 7.7% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Score Beethoven|Score Beethoven]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- |} rw5z1q8rz0y4pud7medpv1ul18uj53c 1612458 1612457 2026-11-01T21:54:56Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1612458 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-11-01) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 65 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 70 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-11-01)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 397 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 564 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2413 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 568 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 333 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 322 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 241 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 166 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.37 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 336 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 168 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 300 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 332 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.53 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 555 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 231 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 252 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 274 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Udeni]] | 4.00 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.85 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 222 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 234 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 317 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 171 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Irelandi]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34952 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 19800 || ↓ -17.8% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 200.9 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 113.8 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2413 || ↓ -25.9% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 568 || ↓ -17.7% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 564 || ↓ -17.7% |- | 4 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 555 || ↑ +38.4% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 397 || ↓ -18.3% |- | 6 || [[Burundi]] || 336 || ↓ -19.0% |- | 7 || [[Uingereza]] || 332 || ↓ -14.0% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 322 || ↓ -21.5% |- | 9 || [[Komori]] || 317 || ↓ -2.8% |- | 10 || [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] || 300 || ↓ -5.1% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 489 || 39.0% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 28.8% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 166 || 13.2% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 96 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Score Beethoven|Score Beethoven]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- |} orrlycyhpjm4xhibjd4wgb079xr02em 1612498 1612458 2026-11-02T05:13:16Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1612498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-11-02) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 65 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 70 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-11-02)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 385 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 567 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2371 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 551 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 334 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 322 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 279 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.37 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 328 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 294 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 323 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.53 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 517 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 196 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 248 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 178 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 263 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Udeni]] | 4.00 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.85 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 210 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Irelandi]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34952 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 19800 || ↓ -17.8% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 200.9 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 113.8 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2413 || ↓ -25.9% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 568 || ↓ -17.7% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 564 || ↓ -17.7% |- | 4 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 555 || ↑ +38.4% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 397 || ↓ -18.3% |- | 6 || [[Burundi]] || 336 || ↓ -19.0% |- | 7 || [[Uingereza]] || 332 || ↓ -14.0% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 322 || ↓ -21.5% |- | 9 || [[Komori]] || 317 || ↓ -2.8% |- | 10 || [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] || 300 || ↓ -5.1% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 489 || 39.0% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 28.8% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 166 || 13.2% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 96 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Score Beethoven|Score Beethoven]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- |} 2bneh0wtzl0e25d87uux8m22vboan9s 1612500 1612498 2026-11-02T05:29:43Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1612500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-11-02) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 65 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 70 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-11-02)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 385 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 567 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2371 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 551 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 334 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 322 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 279 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.37 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 328 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 294 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 323 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.53 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 517 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 196 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 248 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 178 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 263 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Udeni]] | 4.00 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.85 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 210 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Irelandi]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34954 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 19348 || ↓ -19.2% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 200.9 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 111.2 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2371 || ↓ -26.2% |- | 2 || [[Kenya]] || 567 || ↓ -16.9% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 551 || ↓ -19.3% |- | 4 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 517 || ↑ +18.6% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 385 || ↓ -21.1% |- | 6 || [[Burundi]] || 328 || ↓ -21.3% |- | 7 || [[Uingereza]] || 323 || ↓ -15.9% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 322 || ↓ -21.7% |- | 9 || [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] || 294 || ↓ -6.4% |- | 10 || [[Komori]] || 286 || ↓ -18.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 489 || 38.9% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 28.8% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 168 || 13.4% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 96 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Score Beethoven|Score Beethoven]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- |} qfozm8imv9mc49haeco2kwakyw5ak80 0 214240 1612383 1456289 2026-11-01T13:19:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612383 wikitext text/x-wiki '''FannyAnn Viola Eddy''' ([[14 Juni]] [[1974]] – [[29 Septemba]] [[2004]]) alikuwa mtetezi wa [[Mapenzi ya jinsia moja]] wa [[Sierra Leone]] ambaye aliunda Shirika la Wapendanao wa Jinsia na Wapendanao wa Kike wa Sierra Leone (SSLGA) mwaka 2002, ambalo lilikuwa shirika la kwanza la [[LGBT]] nchini humo.<ref name=":0">{{cite news |date=5 October 2004 |title=Sierra Leone gay activist killed |work=[[BBC News]] |publisher= |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3716768.stm |access-date=26 June 2008}}</ref> Eddy alitetea mapenzi ya jinsia moja nchini Sierra Leone pamoja na sehemu nyingine za [[Afrika]], na mnamo Aprili 2004 alihutubia Shirika la Umoja wa Mataifa huko [[Geneva]] akitaka kupitishwa kwa [[Azimio la Brazil]]. Aliuawa katika ofisi yake huko Freetown mnamo Septemba 2004, katika kisa ambacho bado hakijatatuliwa. == Maisha binafsi == Eddy alizaliwa nchini Sierra Leone, ingawa alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya awali katika kambi za wakimbizi [[kusini mwa Afrika]] kutokana na Vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Sierra Leone. Wakati wa kifo chake, Eddy alikuwa na mtoto wa kiume mwenye umri wa miaka 10 aitwaye Valentine, na mwenzi wake, Esther Chikalipa. == Harakati == Mnamo mwaka 2002, baada ya muda akifanya kazi na GALZ, shirika la LGBT nchini [[Zimbabwe]], Eddy alianzisha Shirika la Wapendanao wa Jinsia na Wapendanao wa Kike la Sierra Leone (SLLGA), ambalo lilikuwa la kwanza nchini humo. Shirika hilo lilitoa msaada wa kijamii na kisaikolojia kwa watu wa LGBT, pamoja na kuratibu matukio ya unyanyasaji, kufungwa na arresti za kibinafsi za watu wa LGBT nchini Sierra Leone.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/04/sierra9439.htm |title=Testimony by FannyAnn Eddy at the U.N. Commission on Human Rights |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929175019/http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/04/sierra9439.htm |archivedate=2007-09-29 |accessdate=2025-09-17 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[http://www.joannestle.com/dedication/index.html "Testimony by Fannyann Eddy at the U.N. Commission on Human Rights"], ''Website Dedication''.</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1974|2004}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Sierra Leone]] glz3kwkjz3zkaeel21ud4km0v5mvulp 1612385 1612383 2026-11-01T13:28:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1612385 wikitext text/x-wiki '''FannyAnn Viola Eddy''' ([[14 Juni]] [[1974]] – [[29 Septemba]] [[2004]]) alikuwa mtetezi wa [[Mapenzi ya jinsia moja]] wa [[Sierra Leone]] ambaye aliunda Shirika la Wapendanao wa Jinsia na Wapendanao wa Kike wa Sierra Leone (SSLGA) mwaka 2002, ambalo lilikuwa shirika la kwanza la [[LGBT]] nchini humo.<ref name=":0">{{cite news |date=5 October 2004 |title=Sierra Leone gay activist killed |work=[[BBC News]] |publisher= |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3716768.stm |access-date=26 June 2008}}</ref> Eddy alitetea mapenzi ya jinsia moja nchini Sierra Leone pamoja na sehemu nyingine za [[Afrika]], na mnamo Aprili 2004 alihutubia Shirika la Umoja wa Mataifa huko [[Geneva]] akitaka kupitishwa kwa [[Azimio la Brazil]]. Aliuawa katika ofisi yake huko Freetown mnamo Septemba 2004, katika kisa ambacho bado hakijatatuliwa. == Maisha binafsi == Eddy alizaliwa nchini Sierra Leone, ingawa alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya awali katika kambi za wakimbizi [[kusini mwa Afrika]] kutokana na Vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Sierra Leone. Wakati wa kifo chake, Eddy alikuwa na mtoto wa kiume mwenye umri wa miaka 10 aitwaye Valentine, na mwenzi wake, Esther Chikalipa. == Harakati == Mnamo mwaka 2002, baada ya muda akifanya kazi na GALZ, shirika la LGBT nchini [[Zimbabwe]], Eddy alianzisha Shirika la Wapendanao wa Jinsia na Wapendanao wa Kike la Sierra Leone (SLLGA), ambalo lilikuwa la kwanza nchini humo. Shirika hilo lilitoa msaada wa kijamii na kisaikolojia kwa watu wa LGBT, pamoja na kuratibu matukio ya unyanyasaji, kufungwa na arresti za kibinafsi za watu wa LGBT nchini Sierra Leone.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/04/sierra9439.htm |title=Testimony by FannyAnn Eddy at the U.N. Commission on Human Rights |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929175019/http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/04/sierra9439.htm |archivedate=2007-09-29 |accessdate=2025-09-17 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[http://www.joannestle.com/dedication/index.html "Testimony by Fannyann Eddy at the U.N. Commission on Human Rights"], ''Website Dedication''.</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1974|2004}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Sierra Leone]] kzxrewqnejx3twz79mecn1jg2q5z6mz 0 214730 1612451 1574756 2026-11-01T19:23:50Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612451 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hayat Ahmed Mohammed''' (alizaliwa [[1982]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mshindi wa taji la urembo kutoka [[Ethiopia]]. Jina lake kwa Kiarabu lina maana ya "maisha." Hayat Ahmed alikuwa mwakilishi wa kwanza wa Ethiopia katika shindano la Miss World. Wakati wa mashindano hayo, alikuwa [[mwanafunzi]] wa mwaka wa tatu katika Unity University College akichukua masomo ya Mfumo wa Usimamizi wa [[Habari]]. Katika shindano la Miss World 2003 lililohusisha washiriki 100, Hayat aliingia nusu fainali na kupata taji la "Malkia wa Urembo wa Bara – Afrika." Mashindano hayo yalifanyika nchini [[China]] na yalitazamwa na watu bilioni moja. Kwa sasa Hayat anajikita katika kuhamasisha matumizi ya [[kondomu]] na kuongeza uelewa wa [[VVU/UKIMWI]] katika sehemu mbalimbali za [[nchi]]. Juhudi hizi zimezua hasira na madai ya unafiki kwa kuwa yeye ni Mwislamu anayepigia debe ngono salama nchini Ethiopia, taifa lenye tamaduni za kihafidhina, kwa kutumia matangazo ya kuvutia ya kimaeneo ya kondomu kwenye mabango. ==Shughuli za hivi karibuni== Kwa sasa Hayat anaendesha Bellissima, kahawa ya kondomu yenye utata mjini Addis Ababa ambapo wateja wote hupewa kondomu pamoja na risiti yao. "Watu wengine wa Ethiopia hushangazwa wanapoletwa bili ikiwa na kondomu, wengine wakisema tunahamasisha uasherati," alisema mhudumu mwaka 2008.<ref>[http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/119156.php IRIN/PlusNews Profiles Ethiopian Cafe That Provides No-Cost Condoms] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090103070134/http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/119156.php |date=2009-01-03 }}, August 25, 2008.</ref><ref>[http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/IRIN/599a6fe66c4064e34ca3993ef8f33b03.htm IRINews Report on Bellissima] {{Wayback|url=http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/IRIN/599a6fe66c4064e34ca3993ef8f33b03.htm |date=20090605014849 }}, August 20, 2008.</ref><ref>[http://wow.gm/africa/ethiopia/addis-ababa/article/2008/9/2/ethiopia-cappuccino-with-condom Ethiopia: Cappuccino With Condom] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090603181428/http://wow.gm/africa/ethiopia/addis-ababa/article/2008/9/2/ethiopia-cappuccino-with-condom |date=2009-06-03 }}, 2008.</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1982|}} [[Jamii:wanamitindo wa Ethiopia]] ekedujpxf3m53h811xugaze0gs6akrn 0 219638 1612456 1478909 2026-11-01T21:47:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612456 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hédi André Bouraoui CM''' (alizaliwa [[16 Julai|Julai 16]], [[1932]] huko [[Sfax]], [[Tunisia]]) ni mshairi, [[mwandishi]] wa [[riwaya]] na msomi mwenye uraia wa Tunisia na [[Kanada]]. Kazi zake mara nyingi hushughulikia mada zinazohusiana na kuvuka na kuunganisha mipaka ya tamaduni mbalimbali. Bouraoui alipata elimu yake nchini Ufaransa na Marekani katika fasihi ya [[Kifaransa]], [[Kiingereza]] na Kimarekani. Mwaka 1966, alijiunga na kitivo cha Chuo Kikuu cha York mjini Toronto, Ontario, ambako anafundisha fasihi ya Kifaransa na Kiingereza, akijikita zaidi katika fasihi za Afrika, Karibiani na Kifaransa cha Ontario (franco-ontarien). Pia alianzisha Kituo cha Kanada–Mediterrania (Canada-Mediterranean Centre – CMC) katika chuo hicho.<ref>Touya de Marenne, Éric (2011) "Hédi Bouraoui et les limites de la théorie postcoloniale : approche transpoétique et nomadique," Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature: Vol. 77 : No. 1, Article 11.</ref> Mwezi Mei 2003, alitunukiwa shahada ya heshima ya uzamivu (honorary doctorate) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Laurentian kilichopo Sudbury, Ontario, kwa kutambua mchango wake mkubwa katika fasihi ya Kanada na fasihi ya dunia. Aidha, amepokea tuzo nyingi za kifasihi nchini Kanada, Ufaransa na Tunisia.<ref name="samoud">{{cite web|url=https://stor.laurentian.ca/www_laurentian_ca/sites/default/files/misc_files/Admissions/Laurentian%20Awards-rev.pdf|title=Scholarships, Bursaries, Prizes and Financial Aid|publisher=[[Laurentian University]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250804173842/https://stor.laurentian.ca/www_laurentian_ca/sites/default/files/misc_files/Admissions/Laurentian%20Awards-rev.pdf|archivedate=2025-08-04|accessdate=2025-12-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mwaka 2018, aliteuliwa kuwa Mjumbe wa Agizo la Kanada (Order of Canada)..<ref>Touya de Marenne, Éric (2011) "Hédi Bouraoui et les limites de la théorie postcoloniale : approche transpoétique et nomadique," Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature: Vol. 77 : No. 1, Article 11.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1932]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Tunisia]] 5tl81p1uriprzgt5032m5t2dckacylg 0 219999 1612453 1480316 2026-11-01T19:55:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612453 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henry Munyaradzi''', pia alijulikana kama '''Henry Munyaradzi Mudzengerere''', <ref>{{cite web |title=The last lion of Zimbabwe stone sculpture |url=https://www.thepatriot.co.zw/old_posts/the-last-lion-of-zimbabwe-stone-sculpture/ |last=Monda |first=Tony |website=thepatriot.co.zw |access-date=15 December 2022 |date=18 June 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724023805/https://www.thepatriot.co.zw/old_posts/the-last-lion-of-zimbabwe-stone-sculpture/ |archivedate=2019-07-24 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ([[1931]] - [[27 Februari]] [[1998]])<ref name=Monda>{{cite web |title=Revisiting the art of Henry Munyaradzi: (1931-1998) |url=https://www.thepatriot.co.zw/old_posts/revisiting-the-art-of-henry-munyaradzi-1931-1998/ |last=Monda |first=Tony |website=thepatriot.co.zw |access-date=15 December 2022 |date=8 October 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107055805/https://www.thepatriot.co.zw/old_posts/revisiting-the-art-of-henry-munyaradzi-1931-1998/ |archivedate=2024-01-07 |url-status=dead}}</ref> alikuwa [[mchongaji]] wa [[Zimbabwe]]. Harakati za sanamu ambazo zilikuwa sehemu yake kwa kawaida zilijulikana kama "mchongo wa Kishona" (tazama sanaa ya Kishona na Sanaa ya Zimbabwe), ingawa baadhi ya washiriki wake wanaotambulika si Washona kikabila. Hapo awali alifanya kazi katika Jumuiya ya Wasanii wa [[Tengenenge]], kilomita 150 kaskazini mwa [[Harare]] karibu na [[Guruve]], ambayo alijiunga nayo mwaka 1967. Katika Jumuiya hiyo, na hatimaye katika ulimwengu mpana wa wapenzi wa sanaa ya Zimbabwe, alijulikana kwa urahisi kama 'Henry'. Henry Munyaradzi alifariki [[Februari]] [[1998]] na kuzikwa katika kijiji cha Kikristo cha Mukaera nje kidogo ya Guruve.<ref name=Monda/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1931]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1998]] [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Zimbabwe]] esx0y4xqqsjay2ccvh59m1zw7015lxu 0 220509 1612439 1587955 2026-11-01T18:05:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612439 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guy Bomanyama-Zandu''' (alizaliwa [[Kinshasa]], [[22 Novemba]], [[1972]]) ni mtayarishaji wa filamu kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. ==Miaka ya awali== Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980, alihamia mjini [[Brussels]] na familia yake ambako alipata uraia wa [[Ubelgiji]].<ref name=LePotentiel/> Kwanza alisoma masuala ya kielektroniki na kisha akasomea filamu katika Chuo cha INRACI mjini Brussels, ambapo alihitimu mnamo mwaka 2000.<ref name=FCAT/> Alitengeneza dokumentari yake ya kwanza ''Papa Mobutu'' (2000), akiwa INRACI. Iliteuliwa kuonyeshwa katika Tamasha la Filamu la Francophone la Namur.<ref name=LePotentiel/> Karibu filamu zake zote zilionyeshwa katika Tamasha la Filamu za Afrika mjini [[Leuven|Louvain]], nchini Ubelgiji.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.filmfestamiens.org/?LA-VERTU,417&lang=en |publisher=International Festival of Film of Amiens |title=LA VERTU |accessdate=2012-03-09}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=Africultures>{{cite web |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=personne&no=8085 |title=Guy BOMANYAMA-ZANDU |work=Africultures |accessdate=2012-03-09}}</ref> <ref name=FCAT>{{cite web |url=http://www.fcat.es/FCAT/index.php?option=com_zoo&task=item&item_id=806&Itemid=61 |title=Zandu Guy Bomanyama |publisher=FCAT |accessdate=2012-03-09 |archive-date=2014-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024071242/http://www.fcat.es/FCAT/index.php?option=com_zoo&task=item&item_id=806&Itemid=61 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=LePotentiel>{{cite web |url=http://www.lepotentiel.com/afficher_article.php?id_edition=&id_article=26057 |title=Une nouvelle génération de cinéastes congolais |work=Le Potentiel |date=15 April 2006 |accessdate=2012-03-09 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230858/http://www.lepotentiel.com/afficher_article.php?id_edition=&id_article=26057 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1972|}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] ju4wxhpw2b2z85lwztj6c7mu2om10yj 0 223086 1612518 1518897 2026-11-02T09:19:55Z CommonsDelinker 234 Removing [[:c:File:Maimuna_waziri_in_group_photo.jpg|Maimuna_waziri_in_group_photo.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Túrelio|Túrelio]] because: [[:c:COM:L|Copyright violation]]: The original is on Facebook[https://www.facebook.com/Offic 1612518 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maimuna Waziri''' ni [[profesa]] wa [[Nigeria]] wa [[Kemia]] na Makamu Mkuu wa tatu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Shirikisho, Gashua (FUGA) ,Maimuna aliteuliwa mnamo mwaka 2021 baada ya mkutano wa tano wa baraza la chuo hicho. <ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Mingyi |first=Musa |title=Female Professor, Maimuna Waziri, Emerges Vice Chancellor At Yobe University |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2021/01/16/female-professor-emerges-vice-chancellor-at-yobe-university/ |work=Channels Tv}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[jamii:watu walio hai]] [[jamii:watu wa Nigeria]] je23x7sd186h332h5ssm7y9xnkptozl 0 223503 1612485 1491424 2026-11-02T02:41:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612485 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joachim von Sandrart''' ([[12 Mei]] [[1606]] - [[14 Oktoba]] [[1688]]) alikuwa [[mwanahistoria]] na [[mchoraji]] wa sanaa ya [[Baroko]] wa [[Ujerumani]], aliyekuwa akifanya kazi huko [[Amsterdam]] wakati wa Enzi ya Dhahabu ya [[Uholanzi]]. Yeye ni muhimu zaidi kwa mkusanyo wake wa wasifu wa wasanii wa Uholanzi na Ujerumani katika Chuo cha Teutsche,<ref>[http://ta.sandrart.net Sandrart.net - online version of Teutsche Academie] {{Wayback|url=http://ta.sandrart.net |date=20130821013312 }} in German, but with some English navigation aids</ref> uliochapishwa kati ya mwaka 1675 na mwaka 1680. ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1606]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1688]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Wanahistoria wa Ujerumani]] bhgdxphu3xbbmm7ffpsyc76dmmnje0y 0 226721 1612444 1501186 2026-11-01T18:30:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612444 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdelhakim Mesbahi''' (amezaliwa [[7 Septemba]], [[2005]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa kulipwa kutoka [[Moroko]] ambaye anacheza kama kipa kwa klabu ya Botola Pro AS FAR. ==Kazi ya klabu== Alizaliwa [[Casablanca]], Moroko, Mesbahi alijiunga na akademi ya vijana ya AS FAR akiwa na umri mdogo.<ref>{{cite web |language=ar |title=كأس التميز/ أولمبيك الدشيرة يتغلب على ضيفه الجيش الملكي (1-0) |url=https://www.elbotola.com/article/2025-02-02-16-33-886.html?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=post&utm_compaign=679f9e7520701d31d57246a6 |website=www.elbotola.com |access-date=12 October 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |language=ar |title=أولمبيك الدشيرة 1–0 الجيش الملكي |url=https://www.365scores.com/ar/football/match/moroccan-excellence-cup-8286/as-far-rabat-olympique-dcheira-5455-21191-8286 |website=www.365scores.com |access-date=12 October 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Football - Équipe Pro : Alexandre Santos nommé nouvel entraîneur de l’AS FAR |url=https://as-far.ma/fr/actualite/536-football-equipe-pro-alexandre-santos-nomme-nouvel-entraineur-de-las-far |website=as-far.ma |access-date=12 October 2025 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260217202545/https://as-far.ma/fr/actualite/536-football-equipe-pro-alexandre-santos-nomme-nouvel-entraineur-de-las-far |archivedate=2026-02-17 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|2005|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Moroko]] 48hi1xlfjx5zf5c0u6etmdvyxgk6wex 0 227064 1612508 1575783 2026-11-02T06:50:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612508 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kawango Agot''' (alifariki [[Agosti 17]], 2024) <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Remembering Kawango Agot {{!}} International AIDS Society (IAS)|url=https://www.iasociety.org/ias-condolence-statement/remembering-kawango-agot|accessdate=2025-08-02|work=www.iasociety.org|language=en}}</ref> alikuwa mtafiti wa afya ya umma pamoja na [[Epidemiolojia|mtaalamu wa magonjwa ya mlipuko]] kutoka [[Kenya]]. Utafiti wa Agot ulilenga [[Virusi vya UKIMWI|VVU]], [[Ukimwi|maambukizi ya VVU]], na [[Tohara|tohara kwa wanaume]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/829494|title=HIV Rates Lower in Women With Circumcised Partners|publisher=[[medscape.com]]|date=6 August 2014|accessdate=29 June 2016}}</ref> Alikuwa Mratibu wa Mradi wa mradi wa utafiti unganishi kati ya chuo kikuu chake na vyuo vikuu vya Illinois na Manitoba (UNIM), akipima athari za tohara kwa wanaume miongoni mwa vijana wa kiume. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=ResearchGate {{!}} Find and share research|url=https://www.researchgate.net/|work=ResearchGate|language=en|accessdate=2020-05-28}}</ref> Alikuwa mtaalamu wa VVU. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://news.trust.org//item/20140721144650-quat2/|title=What's male circumcision worth? In Kenya, it's food vouchers|first=Katie|author=Nguyen|publisher=[[Thomson Reuters Foundation]]|date=21 July 2014|accessdate=29 June 2016|archivedate=3 October 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003225945/http://news.trust.org//item/20140721144650-quat2/}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.postzambia.com/news.php?id=15825|title=Many circumcised Zambians have sex before they heal - researcher|publisher=[[The Post (Zambia)|postzambia.com]]|date=24 February 2016|accessdate=29 June 2016|author=Edwin Mbulo|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415040333/http://postzambia.com/news.php?id=15825|archivedate=15 April 2016}}</ref> Akiwa msomi wa Fulbright, alipata elimu ya shahada yake ya kwanza ndani ya [[Chuo Kikuu cha Nairobi]], Shahada ya Uzamili ya Falsafa kutokea [[Chuo Kikuu cha Moi]], na Shahada ya Uzamivu na Shahada ya Uzamivu (PhD) kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha Washington . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kawango Agot|url=http://na.eventscloud.com/ehome/index.php?eventid=91027&tabid=267292|work=na.eventscloud.com|accessdate=2020-05-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930185638/https://na.eventscloud.com/ehome/index.php?eventid=91027&tabid=267292|archivedate=2020-09-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Alipata elimu yake ya mwanzoni ndani ya nchi ya [[Kenya]] . Alipata shahada ya kwanza ya Elimu kwenye [[Chuo Kikuu cha Nairobi]] na akaendelea kupata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Falsafa juu ya Lishe ya Binadamu Inayotumika kwenye [[Chuo Kikuu cha Moi]] . Kazi yake akiwemo Chuo Kikuu cha Moi iliunganisha utafiti kuhusu masuala ya lishe na epidemiolojia ya VVU. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Ajon|first=Brian|date=2024-08-18|title=Kawango Agot: Renowned Kenyan Scholar Collapses, Dies - Tuko.co.ke|url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/people/family/559014-kawango-agot-renowned-kenyan-scholar-collapses-dies/|accessdate=2025-08-02|work=www.tuko.co.ke|language=en}}</ref> Kawongo Agot aliendeleza mafunzo yake kimataifa kwa kujiandikisha kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha Washington, Seattle mahali alipata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Afya ya Umma na [[Uzamivu|Shahada ya Falsafa]] juu ya [[Epidemiolojia]] kwa wakati mmoja. Kazi yake ya uzamili iliachilia msingi wa uongozi wake wa baadaye juu ya utafiti na programu za kuzuia VVU kote [[Kenya]] . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Ajon|first=Brian|date=2024-08-18|title=Kawango Agot: Renowned Kenyan Scholar Collapses, Dies - Tuko.co.ke|url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/people/family/559014-kawango-agot-renowned-kenyan-scholar-collapses-dies/|accessdate=2025-08-02|work=www.tuko.co.ke|language=en}}</ref> == Kazi == Kazi yake kwenye utafiti wa kuzuia VVU ilipata chanzo yake mwanzoni mwa mnamo 2000 na jaribio lililodhibitiwa bila mpangilio la tohara ya wanaume kwa ajili ya kuzuia VVU. Jaribio hili lilidhihirisha kupungua kwa asilimia ya VVU miongoni mwa wanaume waliotahiriwa na kuathiri sera ya afya ya umma duniani wakati huo. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Bailey |first=Robert C. |last2=Moses |first2=Stephen |last3=Parker |first3=Corette B. |last4=Agot |first4=Kawango |last5=Maclean |first5=Ian |last6=Krieger |first6=John N. |last7=Williams |first7=Carolyn FM |last8=Campbell |first8=Richard T. |last9=Ndinya-Achola |first9=Jeckoniah O. |date=2007-02-24 |title=Male circumcision for HIV prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: a randomised controlled trial |url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(07)60312-2/abstract |journal=The Lancet |language=English |volume=369 |issue=9562 |pages=643–656 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60312-2 |issn=0140-6736 |pmid=17321310 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=DR KAWANGO AGOT (KENYA) - The EastAfrican|url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/dr-kawango-agot-kenya--1304664|accessdate=2025-08-02|work=www.theeastafrican.co.ke}}</ref> == Mafanikio == Alikuwa mwanachama wa Jumuiya ya Kimataifa ya UKIMWI na aliheshimiwa kwa jukumu lake kwenye kuunganisha utafiti na utekelezaji wa sera juu ya programu za VVU. Kazi yake iliongeza uelewa wa kimataifa wa kuzuia VVU kwenye mazingira yenye rasilimali chache na kusaidia mkakati wa kitaifa wa VVU wa Kenya. <ref name=":0"/> == Kifo == Kawango Agot alifariki kwenye tarehe 17 Agosti, 2024 baada ya kuhudhuria mkutano wa siku mbili ndani ya nchi ya Zambia. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2024-09-02|title=Prof Agot: face HIV war impact male circumcision on scourge|url=https://educationnews.co.ke/prof-agot-the-face-of-hiv-war-and-impact-of-male-circumcision-on-the-scourge/|accessdate=2025-08-04|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120406075036/http://www.cies.org/NCS/2004_2005/scholars/ncs_kagot.htm Kawango Agot], Programu ya Wasomi wa Karne Mpya ya Fulbright. {{DEFAULTSORT:Agot, Kawango}} [[Jamii:Wanabiolojia wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2024]] ranrcntkec7sh705s3uhdq70hdea9qx 0 229579 1612509 1601231 2026-11-02T06:53:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612509 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kayza Ayine Ka-A Massey''' (alizaliwa [[2 Februari|Februari 2]], [[2001]]) ni mchezaji wa [[Mpira wa miguu|soka]] wa kitaalamu ambaye anacheza kama kipa wa klabu ya Reims ya Ufaransa katika Ligi Kuu. Alizaliwa Ghana, anaiwakilisha Kanada katika ngazi ya kimataifa. == Maisha ya awali == Massey alizaliwa [[Walewale]], Ghana <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.stade-de-reims.com/kayza-massey-est-remoise/|title=Kayza Massey est Rémoise !|date=January 29, 2024|language=fr|work=Stade de Reims}}</ref> na kukulia katika kituo cha watoto yatima, hadi alipolelewa akiwa na umri wa mwezi mmoja na mwanamke Mkanada ambaye alikuwa akifanya kazi nchini Ghana na [[UNICEF]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://inside.fifa.com/news/kayza-massey-from-the-orphanage-to-the-world-cup-2842324|title=Kayza Massey: From the orphanage to the World Cup|date=October 11, 2016|work=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> Alilelewa Ottawa, Kanada <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.thedaonline.com/sports/womens_soccer/massey-and-the-mountaineers-trying-to-create-change-one-game-at-a-time/article_1904ebb8-3b56-11ec-89d0-eba0efe10909.html|title=Massey and the Mountaineers trying to create change one game at a time|first=Wesley|author=Shoemaker|date=November 4, 2021|work=[[The Daily Athenaeum]]}}</ref> na alianza kucheza soka ya vijana na Ottawa Gloucester Hornets, kabla ya baadaye kujiunga na Ottawa South United mwaka wa 2015. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ottawasportspages.ca/2016/12/01/ottawa-sportspage-cover-story-from-orphan-to-champion/|title=Ottawa Sportspage cover story: From Orphan, to Champion|date=December 1, 2016|first=Dan|author=Plouffe|work=Ottawa Sportspages}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ottawasun.com/2016/11/01/ottawa-goalkeeper-kayza-massey-gets-international-call-for-ghana|title=Ottawa goalkeeper Kayza Massey gets international call for Ghana|first=Martin|author=Cleary|date=November 1, 2016|work=[[Ottawa Sun]]}}</ref> Mnamo Novemba 2017, alianza kucheza na mpango wa Ontario EXCEL. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ottawasportspages.ca/2017/11/30/osu-force-academy-zone-3-osu-players-join-excel-program/|title=OSU Force Academy Zone: 3 OSU players join EXCEL Program|date=November 30, 2017|work=Ottawa Sportspages}}</ref> Mnamo 2017, alichezea Timu ya Ontario katika Michezo ya Majira ya Joto ya Kanada ya 2017, akishinda medali ya fedha. <ref name="mountain">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://wvusports.com/sports/womens-soccer/roster/kayza-massey/17235|title=Kayza Massey West Virginia profile|work=[[West Virginia Mountaineers]]}}</ref> == Kazi == Mnamo mwaka wa 2019, Massey alianza kuhudhuria Chuo Kikuu cha West Virginia, ambapo alichezea timu ya soka ya wanawake. Alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza chuoni mnamo Septemba 12, 2019 dhidi ya Stony Brook Seawolves. <ref name="mountain2">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://wvusports.com/sports/womens-soccer/roster/kayza-massey/17235|title=Kayza Massey West Virginia profile|work=[[West Virginia Mountaineers]]}}</ref> Mwishoni mwa msimu wake wa mwaka wa kwanza, aliteuliwa kuwa mmoja wa Timu ya Vijana wapya wa Academic All-Big 12. <ref name="mountain2" /> Katika msimu wa 2020-21, alikua kipa wa mwanzo wa timu hiyo. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.wboy.com/goldandbluenation/wvu-goalkeeper-kayza-massey-makes-sportscenter-top-10-for-reaching-save-vs-virginia/|title=WVU goalkeeper Kayza Massey makes SportsCenter Top 10 for reaching save vs. Virginia|first=Sam|author=Coniglio|date=April 11, 2021|work=[[WBOY-TV]]|accessdate=2026-04-20|archive-date=2023-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203011842/https://www.wboy.com/goldandbluenation/wvu-goalkeeper-kayza-massey-makes-sportscenter-top-10-for-reaching-save-vs-virginia/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.thedaonline.com/sports/womens_soccer/massey-continues-to-be-a-difference-maker-in-net-for-wvu/article_8d02728e-05d1-11ec-b6d4-83484247a260.html|title=Massey continues to be a difference maker in net for WVU|date=August 26, 2021|first=Wesley|author=Shoemaker|work=[[The Daily Athenaeum]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204020144/https://www.thedaonline.com/sports/womens_soccer/massey-continues-to-be-a-difference-maker-in-net-for-wvu/article_8d02728e-05d1-11ec-b6d4-83484247a260.html|archivedate=2024-12-04|accessdate=2026-04-20|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aliteuliwa katika Timu ya Kwanza ya Academic All-Big 12 mwishoni mwa msimu. <ref name="mountain3">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://wvusports.com/sports/womens-soccer/roster/kayza-massey/17235|title=Kayza Massey West Virginia profile|work=[[West Virginia Mountaineers]]}}</ref> Kabla ya msimu wake wa tatu, aliteuliwa kuwa Kipa Bora wa Wiki wa Makipa 12 wa Kabla ya Msimu. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://wvusports.com/news/2021/8/3/womens-soccer-brewster-massey-named-to-preseason-all-big-12-team.aspx|title=Brewster, Massey Named to Preseason All-Big 12 Team|date=August 3, 2021|work=[[West Virginia Mountaineers]]|first=Olivia|author=Sneed}}</ref> Mnamo Oktoba 2021, aliteuliwa kuwa Kipa Bora wa Wiki wa Makipa 12 wa Makipa. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.wboy.com/goldandbluenation/wvu-goalkeeper-kayza-massey-named-big-12-goalkeeper-of-the-week/|title=WVU goalkeeper Kayza Massey named Big 12 Goalkeeper of the Week|date=October 26, 2021|work=[[WBOY-TV]]|accessdate=2026-04-20|archive-date=2023-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810113215/https://www.wboy.com/goldandbluenation/wvu-goalkeeper-kayza-massey-named-big-12-goalkeeper-of-the-week/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo Oktoba 2021, aliteuliwa kuwa Kipa Bora wa Wiki wa Makipa 12 wa Makipa na Mchezaji Bora wa Wiki wa Makocha wa Soka wa United. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://wvusports.com/news/2021/10/26/womens-soccer-massey-collects-big-12-honor.aspx|title=Massey Collects Big 12 Honor|date=October 26, 2021|work=[[West Virginia Mountaineers]]|first=Olivia|author=Sneed}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://wvusports.com/news/2021/10/27/womens-soccer-massey-honored-by-united-soccer-coaches.aspx|title=Massey Honored by United Soccer Coaches|date=October 27, 2021|work=[[West Virginia Mountaineers]]|first=Olivia|author=Sneed}}</ref> Mwishoni mwa msimu, aliteuliwa kuwa Kipa Bora wa Pili wa Makipa 12 wa Makipa na Timu ya Kwanza ya Makipa Bora wa Makipa 12 wa Makipa wa Kitaifa. <ref name="mountain4">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://wvusports.com/sports/womens-soccer/roster/kayza-massey/17235|title=Kayza Massey West Virginia profile|work=[[West Virginia Mountaineers]]}}</ref> Mnamo Januari 2024, Massey alisaini mkataba wa kitaalamu na klabu ya Ufaransa Reims katika Ligi Kuu hadi mwisho wa msimu wa 2023-24. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.bluegoldsports.com/2024/01/29/former-mountaineer-kayza-massey-signs-professional-contract-with-stade-de-reims/|title=Former Mountaineer Kayza Massey signs professional contract with Stade de Reims|first=Mark|author=Wratchford|date=January 29, 2024|work=Blue Gold Sports}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.lunion.fr/id563299/article/2024-01-29/le-stade-de-reims-recrute-une-gardienne-canadienne-jusqua-la-fin-de-la-saison|title=Le Stade de Reims recrute une gardienne canadienne jusqu'à la fin de la saison|language=fr|date=January 29, 2024|work=L'Union}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mnamo 2016, Massey alitajwa kwenye orodha ya wachezaji wa Ghana walio chini ya umri wa miaka 17 kwa ajili ya Kombe la Dunia la Wanawake la FIFA la 2016 U-17 . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2016/10/12/touching-story-ghanas-black-maidens-goalkeeper-kayza-massey-orphanage-world-cup/|title=The Touching Story Of Ghana's Black Maiden's Goalkeeper Kayza Massey – From The Orphanage To The World Cup|date=October 12, 2016|work=Ghana Celebrities|first=Nii Smiley|author=Byte}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://sportsworldghana.com/kayza-massey-is-a-fantastic-goalkeeper-escobar/|title=Kayza Massey is a 'Fantastic' Goalkeeper- Escobar|first=David|author=Stevenson Manu|date=February 11, 2017|work=Sports World Ghana}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/ghanas-u17-female-goalkeeper-kayza-massey-honoured-in-canada|title=Ghana's U17 female goalkeeper Kayza Massey honoured in Canada|date=January 24, 2017|work=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> Mnamo 2018, alibadilisha uaminifu wa kimataifa ili kuanza kuiwakilisha Kanada. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/sports/from-ghana-to-canada-goalkeeper-kayza-massey-looks-to-make-a-difference-1.4191323?cache=%3FclipId%3D89619|title=From Ghana to Canada, goalkeeper Kayza Massey looks to make a difference|first=Neil|author=Davidson|date=November 24, 2018|work=[[CTV News]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/u17-female-goalkeeper-kayza-massey-snubs-ghana-pledges-allegiance-to-canada|title=Breaking News: Ghana U17 female keeper Massey snubs country, pledges allegiance to Canada|date=October 9, 2018|work=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> Mnamo Novemba 2018, aliitwa kwenye programu ya kitaifa ya Kanada kwa mara ya kwanza kwa kambi na timu ya Kanada ya U17 . Kisha baadaye alitajwa kwenye orodha ya wachezaji wa Kombe la Dunia la Wanawake la FIFA la U-17 la 2018. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ottawasportspages.ca/2018/12/15/3-osu-products-play-at-u17-womens-world-cup/|title=3 OSU products play at U17 Women's World Cup|date=December 15, 2018|work=Ottawa Sportspages}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2001]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Nigeria]] 09rj4gqza7rn4n41phkifdy549ay5yo 0 234626 1612407 1612091 2026-11-01T14:18:35Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612407 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rineke Antoinette Hassim''' (anajulikana zaidi kwa jina la jukwaani '''Rina Hasyim''' au '''Hassim'''; alizaliwa 29 Aprili 1947) ni mwigizaji na mwanamitindo kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye ameshinda tuzo za Citra Award for Best Leading Actress na Citra Award for Best Supporting Actress. == Wasifu == Rina Hasyim alizaliwa kama Rineke Antoinette Hassim tarehe 29 Aprili 1947 huko Ujung Pandang, eneo la [[Makassar]], South Sulawesi.{{sfn|filmindonesia.or.id, Rina Hasyim}}<ref>{{Rejea habari |date=1981 |title=Rina Hassim sebagai ibu rumah tangga, aktris, dan pengusaha |work=Sinar Harapan }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=4ohmAAAAMAAJ|title=Almanak Media Massa|year=1987|publisher=Hikmah Daya Sakti|page=[https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Almanak_media_massa/4ohmAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Rina+Hassim 259]|language=id}}</ref> Alilelewa kwa nidhamu kali na mama yake, jambo lililomfanya aanze kuasi na kuvutiwa na muziki. Akiwa kijana, alikuwa mwanachama wa bendi za Dara Kusumah na Diskonit, ambapo alicheza gitaa la besi.{{sfn|TIM, Rina Hasyim}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1947|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Indonesia]] k60u61ofcf40xnhpr840y7avkdts66b 0 235459 1612488 1546383 2026-11-02T03:13:34Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612488 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Maduka''' (alizaliwa 27 Septemba 1970 mjini Thyolo) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira]] wa miguu na kocha kutoka Malawi. Aliwahi kuichezea klabu ya Bloemfontein Celtic hadi alipostaafu mwaka 2009. Hivi karibuni alikuwa kocha mkuu wa klabu ya Magesi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Magesi FC bypass Abram Nteo to hand Allan Freese the reins|url=https://farpost.co.za/2026/02/11/magesi-fc-bypass-abram-nteo-to-hand-allan-freese-the-reins/|work=FARPost|date=2026-02-11|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US|author=Tokelo Mokhesi|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260517234015/https://farpost.co.za/2026/02/11/magesi-fc-bypass-abram-nteo-to-hand-allan-freese-the-reins/|archivedate=2026-05-17|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kazi == Maduka alianza kucheza mpira akiwa na umri wa miaka 16. Alichezea [[shule]] yake ya Lilongwe Boys Primary School ambapo kipaji chake kiligunduliwa na Davie Saccur, ambaye alikuwa kocha na mmiliki wa Davie Cosmos. Akiwa anachezea Davie Cosmos na shule yake, mwaka 1992 alivutia vilabu vya Silver Strikers na Mighty Limbe Leaf Wanderers. Maduka alichagua kujiunga na Silver Strikers kwa sababu hakutaka kuondoka mji wake wa Lilongwe. Baadaye alicheza nchini [[Afrika]] Kusini akiwa kiungo wa klabu ya Bloemfontein Celtic, ambapo alicheza kwa miaka mitano na kufanya zaidi ya mechi 118 kabla ya kustaafu mwaka 2009.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bloemfontein Celtic appoint John Maduka as head coach - The Times Group Malawi|url=https://times.mw/bloemfontein-celtic-appoint-john-maduka-as-head-coach/|work=times.mw|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808043635/https://times.mw/bloemfontein-celtic-appoint-john-maduka-as-head-coach/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1970]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] d59ks5liyx9b6z5wi4gkqz3pmsy6hi0 0 236364 1612502 1545802 2026-11-02T05:36:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612502 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kamel Rezig''' (amezaliwa 18 Oktoba 1964) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Aljeria|Algeria]] ambaye anahudumu kama Waziri wa Biashara na Uhamasishaji wa Mauzo ya Nje tangu mwaka 2025. Awali aliwahi kushika wadhifa huo huo kuanzia 2020 hadi 2023.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=BIOGRAPHY OF THE MINISTER {{!}} Ministère du Commerce Algérie|url=https://www.commerce.gov.dz/en/ministre/biographie|work=www.commerce.gov.dz|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=fr|author=Ministère du commerce|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011144341/https://www.commerce.gov.dz/en/ministre/biographie|archivedate=2022-10-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1924]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 88mt75zt7dsuagsnerahshiqu4zdem1 0 236710 1612493 1546891 2026-11-02T04:31:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612493 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Judith Frieda Lina Herzberg''' (alizaliwa 4 Novemba 1934) ni mshairi na mwandishi kutoka nchi ya [[Uholanzi]]. == Maisha na kazi == Judith Herzberg ni binti wa mwanasheria na mwandishi [[Abel Herzberg]].<ref name="dbnl">{{cite web|url=https://www.dbnl.nl/tekst/bork001schr01_01/bork001schr01_01_0477.php|title=Schrijvers en dichters (dbnl biografieënproject I)|website=Digital Library for Dutch Literature|date=2013|access-date=10 June 2020|language=nl}}</ref> Wakati wa Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia, Herzberg aliishi kwa kujificha katika maeneo mbalimbali. Tangu mwaka 1983, Herzberg amekuwa akiishi kwa kupishana kati ya nchi ya [[Uholanzi]] na [[Israel]].<ref name="dbnl"/> Anaandika zaidi mashairi na michezo ya kuigiza, na pia anajihusisha na uandaaji wa filamu. Herzberg alifanya mwanzo wake (debut) kama mshairi mnamo mwaka 1961 katika gazeti la kila wiki la ''[[Vrij Nederland]]''. Miaka miwili baadaye, alichapisha mkusanyiko wake wa kwanza wa mashairi ulioitwa ''Zeepost''. Pia aliandika michezo ya kuigiza ya ''[[Leedvermaak]]'', ''[[Charlotte (1981 film)|Charlotte]]'', na ''[[Rijgdraad]]'', ambayo iligeuzwa kuwa filamu na [[Frans Weisz]]. Michezo ya ''Charlotte'' inamuhusu mchoraji [[Charlotte Salomon]] aliyeuawa katika [[Kambi ya mateso ya Auschwitz]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dbnl.nl/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_0583.php|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs|website=Digital Library for Dutch Literature |date=1985|access-date=10 June 2020|language=nl}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1997, Herzberg alipokea Tuzo ya P. C. Hooft ([[P. C. Hooft Award]]) kwa ajili ya mchango wa kazi zake zote. Katika mwaka wa 2018, alitunukiwa tuzo ya Prijs Der Nederlandse Letteren ([[:en:Prijs der Nederlandse Letteren|Prijs der Nederlandse Letteren]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://taalunie.org/actueel/27/judith-herzberg-krijgt-prijs-der-nederlandse-letteren-2018 |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260412003447/https://taalunie.org/actueel/27/judith-herzberg-krijgt-prijs-der-nederlandse-letteren-2018 |archivedate=2026-04-12 |accessdate=2026-05-19 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1934|}} [[Jamii:Washairi wa Uholanzi]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uholanzi]] dwb155zv1w1un942kmn4ijjfol79gub 1612510 1612493 2026-11-02T06:54:56Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1612510 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Judith Frieda Lina Herzberg''' (alizaliwa 4 Novemba 1934) ni mshairi na mwandishi kutoka nchi ya [[Uholanzi]]. == Maisha na kazi == Judith Herzberg ni binti wa mwanasheria na mwandishi [[Abel Herzberg]].<ref name="dbnl">{{cite web|url=https://www.dbnl.nl/tekst/bork001schr01_01/bork001schr01_01_0477.php|title=Schrijvers en dichters (dbnl biografieënproject I)|website=Digital Library for Dutch Literature|date=2013|access-date=10 June 2020|language=nl}}</ref> Wakati wa Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia, Herzberg aliishi kwa kujificha katika maeneo mbalimbali. Tangu mwaka 1983, Herzberg amekuwa akiishi kwa kupishana kati ya nchi ya [[Uholanzi]] na [[Israel]].<ref name="dbnl"/> Anaandika zaidi mashairi na michezo ya kuigiza, na pia anajihusisha na uandaaji wa filamu. Herzberg alifanya mwanzo wake (debut) kama mshairi mnamo mwaka 1961 katika gazeti la kila wiki la ''[[Vrij Nederland]]''. Miaka miwili baadaye, alichapisha mkusanyiko wake wa kwanza wa mashairi ulioitwa ''Zeepost''. Pia aliandika michezo ya kuigiza ya ''[[Leedvermaak]]'', ''[[Charlotte (1981 film)|Charlotte]]'', na ''[[Rijgdraad]]'', ambayo iligeuzwa kuwa filamu na [[Frans Weisz]]. Michezo ya ''Charlotte'' inamuhusu mchoraji [[Charlotte Salomon]] aliyeuawa katika [[Kambi ya mateso ya Auschwitz]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dbnl.nl/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_0583.php|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs|website=Digital Library for Dutch Literature |date=1985|access-date=10 June 2020|language=nl}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1997, Herzberg alipokea Tuzo ya P. C. Hooft ([[P. C. Hooft Award]]) kwa ajili ya mchango wa kazi zake zote. Katika mwaka wa 2018, alitunukiwa tuzo ya Prijs Der Nederlandse Letteren ([[:en:Prijs der Nederlandse Letteren|Prijs der Nederlandse Letteren]]).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://taalunie.org/actueel/27/judith-herzberg-krijgt-prijs-der-nederlandse-letteren-2018 |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260412003447/https://taalunie.org/actueel/27/judith-herzberg-krijgt-prijs-der-nederlandse-letteren-2018 |archivedate=2026-04-12 |accessdate=2026-05-19 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1934|}} [[Jamii:Washairi wa Uholanzi]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uholanzi]] 4d6817kg5usumyyt8k10jqw50mnjv5l 0 239213 1612424 1551716 2026-11-01T14:48:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612424 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fred Enock''' (anayejulikana pia kama Frederick Enock; [[Aprili 17]], [[1845]] huko [[Manchester]] – [[Mei 26]], [[1916]] huko Hastings) alikuwa mtaalamu wa hadubini , [[mchoraji]] picha, na [[mwanasayansi]] wa asili wa [[Uingereza]]. Alijulikana kwa vielelezo vyake vya kina vya viumbe vidogo na miundo ya asili.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.victorianmicroscopeslides.com/mounters/slidewhl1.htm | title=Antique Victorian Microscope Slides - e. (Edmund) Wheeler | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926045529/http://www.victorianmicroscopeslides.com/mounters/slidewhl1.htm | archivedate=2015-09-26 | accessdate=2026-05-27 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.enockfamilyhistory.co.uk/Frederick_Enock_-_1845-1916.htm | title=Frederic Enock (1845-1916) }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1845]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1916]] 6zfip4t4jl8xxcui8y4qchm7zd6t16s 0 240906 1612501 1575574 2026-11-02T05:33:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612501 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kambi za wakimbizi wa Palestina''' zilianzishwa kwa mara ya kwanza ili kuwahifadhi [[Wapalestina]] waliokimbia makazi yao kwa kufukuzwa na kukimbia kwa hiari nchi yao wakati wa [[Vita vya Palestina vya 1948]].<ref>{{cite web |title= Israel-Palestine war: A brief history of refugee camps in Gaza |url= https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israel-palestine-war-brief-history-refugee-camps-gaza |website=Middle East Eye |date=19 December 2023 |last=MacDonald|first=Alex |access-date=17 June 2025}}</ref> Kambi hizo zilianzishwa na [[UNRWA|Shirika la Umoja wa Mataifa la Misaada na Utoaji wa Kazi kwa Wakimbizi wa Palestina]] (UNRWA) nchini [[Yordani]], [[Lebanoni]], [[Syria]], [[Ukingo wa Magharibi]] na [[Ukingo wa Gaza]]. Wimbi lililofuata la wakimbizi wa Palestina lilitokea wakati wa [[Naksa]] baada ya [[Vita vya Siku Sita]] mnamo 1967.<ref>[[UNWRA]], [https://www.unrwa.org/etemplate.php%3Fid%3D86 Palestine refugees]</ref> Kuna jumla ya kambi 68 za wakimbizi wa Palestina, kambi 58 rasmi na kambi 10 zisizo rasmi,<ref name=UNRWA2019>[https://www.un.org/unispal/document/unrwa-annual-operational-report-2019-for-the-reporting-period-01-january-31-december-2019/ UNRWA Annual Operational report 2019 for the Reporting period 01 January – 31 December 2019], kurasa 168-169, "Infrastructure and Camp Improvement Statistics"</ref> ambapo kumi kati yake zilianzishwa baada ya Vita vya Siku Sita wakati nyingine zote zilianzishwa kati ya mwaka 1948 hadi miaka ya 1950. Ni thuluthi moja tu ya wakimbizi wa Palestina waliosajiliwa wanaoishi ndani ya mipaka ya kambi hizo za wakimbizi.<ref name=UNWRA2004table3/> Wengi wao wamejumuika kijamii na kiuchumi nje ya kambi.<ref name=Hanafi/> Wengi wanaishi katika maeneo ya kijiografia yaliyo jirani na kambi hizo.<ref>[https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/survey2016-2018-eng.pdf BADIL Refugee Survey 2016-18], kurasa 29, 34, 35</ref> Idadi ya wakimbizi wa Palestina waliosajiliwa iliongezeka kutoka 750,000 mnamo 1950 hadi kufikia takriban milioni 5 mnamo 2013.<ref name="WhoWeAre">{{cite web |url=http://www.unrwa.org/who-we-are |title=Who We Are - UNRWA |publisher=[[United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East|UNRWA]] |access-date=8 January 2014}}</ref> == Historia == <gallery mode="packed" heights="180px"> File:Nahr al-Bared refugee camp 1952.webp|[[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Nahr al-Bared]] nchini Lebanon, 1952 File:Shatila - street view (3).jpg|[[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Shatila]] pembezoni mwa mji wa [[Beirut]] mnamo 2019 </gallery> === Wajibu wa UNRWA === Mamlaka ya UNRWA ni kutoa misaada kwa wakimbizi wa Palestina, ikiwa ni pamoja na fursa ya kupata huduma katika kambi zake za wakimbizi. Kwa malengo haya, shirika hilo linawatafsiri wakimbizi wa Palestina kama "watu ambao makazi yao ya kawaida yalikuwa Palestina wakati wa kipindi cha tarehe 1 Juni 1946 hadi 15 Mei 1948, na ambao walipoteza nyumba na njia zao za kujipatia riziki kutokana na mgogoro wa 1948."<ref name="WhoWeAre"/> UNRWA pia hutoa misaada kwa uzao wa upande wa baba wa wakimbizi hao, pamoja na watoto wao walioasiliwa kisheria.<ref name="WhoWeAre"/> [[File:ShufatCampJuly142023 05.jpg|thumb|[[Kambi ya Shu'fat]] katika mji wa [[Yerusalemu]], 2023. Eneo rasmi la kambi hiyo liko katikati ya picha na lina sifa ya majengo ya ghorofa chache; pande zote mbili za kambi hiyo kuna vitongoji vya ziada vya Wapalestina vilivyo ng'ambo ya [[Ukuta wa Israeli wa Ukingo wa Magharibi]] (unaoonekana chini ya picha), ambapo majengo yake ni marefu zaidi.]] [[File:Nabatieh Camp before and after.jpg|thumb|right|[[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Nabatieh]] kabla na baada ya kuharibiwa na jeshi la Israeli mnamo 1974]] Ili kambi itambuliwe na UNRWA, lazima kuwepo na makubaliano kati ya serikali mwenyeji na UNRWA yanayosimamia matumizi ya kambi hiyo. UNRWA yenyewe haiendeshi kambi yoyote, haina mamlaka ya kipolisi wala wajibu wa kiutawala, bali inatoa tu huduma ndani ya kambi. UNRWA inatambua vituo katika kambi 58 zilizoteuliwa kama kambi za wakimbizi nchini [[Yordani]], [[Lebanon]], [[Syria]], [[Ukingo wa Magharibi]] na [[Ukingo wa Gaza]], na pia hutoa huduma katika maeneo mengine ambapo idadi kubwa ya wakimbizi wa Palestina waliosajiliwa wanaishi nje ya kambi zinazotambuliwa. UNRWA pia ilitua misaada kwa Wayahudi waliokimbishwa makazi yao ndani ya [[Israeli]] kufuatia mgogoro wa 1948 hadi serikali ya Israeli ilipochukua jukumu la kuwahudumia mnamo 1952. Kambi za wakimbizi zilibadilika kutoka miji ya mahema hadi kuwa safu za nyumba za vitalu vya zege na kisha kuwa vitongoji duni vya mijini (ghettos) ambavyo havitofautiani na mazingira yanayovizunguka (kimsingi vikawa maeneo ya maendeleo ya mijini ndani ya miji iliyopo au vikiwa vyenyewe), ambavyo vinahifadhi takriban thuluthi moja ya wakimbizi wote wa Palestina waliosajiliwa. Ufadhili wa shughuli za UNRWA unatokana karibu mzima na michango ya hiari kutoka kwa nchi wanachama wa Umoja wa Mataifa. UNRWA pia hupokea kiasi fulani cha fedha kutoka kwenye Bajeti ya Kawaida ya Umoja wa Mataifa, ambayo hutumiwa zaidi kwa ajili ya gharama za wafanyakazi wa kimataifa.<ref name="WhoWeAre"/> == Orodha ya kambi == Kambi hizi zimegawanywa katika maeneo matano: * Ukingo wa Gaza: [[Ukingo wa Gaza]] una kambi nane rasmi na hauna kambi isiyo rasmi,<ref name=UNRWA2019/> na una wakimbizi waliosajiliwa 1,221,110. * Ukingo wa Magharibi: [[Ukingo wa Magharibi]] una kambi 19 rasmi na kambi nne zisizo rasmi,<ref name=UNRWA2019/> na una wakimbizi waliosajiliwa 741,409. * Syria: [[Syria]] ina kambi tisa rasmi na kambi tatu zisizo rasmi,<ref name=UNRWA2019/> na ina wakimbizi waliosajiliwa 499,189. * Lebanon: Kuna kambi 12 rasmi na hakuna kambi isiyo rasmi nchini [[Lebanon]],<ref name=UNRWA2019/> na ina wakimbizi waliosajiliwa 448,599. * Yordani: Kuna kambi 10 rasmi na kambi tatu zisizo rasmi nchini [[Yordani]],<ref name=UNRWA2019/> na ina wakimbizi waliosajiliwa 2,034,641. {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Jina !! Kuanzishwa !! Mahali !! Hali !! Majira nukta !! data-sort-type="number" | Idadi ya Watu !! data-sort-type=number | Eneo (km²) !! data-sort-type=number | Msongamano (watu/km²) !! Maoni !! Marejeo |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Yarmouk|Kambi ya Yarmouk]] | 1957 || Syria || Isiyo rasmi || {{coord|33|28|27|N|36|18|11|E|region:SY}} || n.a. || 2.1 || n.a. || Imeharibiwa kwa kiasi kikubwa (hapo awali ilikuwa na idadi ya watu 160,000) || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/syria/yarmouk-unofficial-camp UNRWA Yarmouk Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Rafah|Kambi ya Rafah]] | 1949 || Ukingo wa Gaza || UNRWA || {{coord|31|16|58.87|N|34|15|11.52|E|region:PS}} || 125,304 || n.a. || n.a. || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/gaza-strip/rafah-camp UNRWA Rafah Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Baqa'a|Kambi ya Baqa'a]] | 1968 || Yordani || UNRWA || {{coord|32|04|25|N|35|50|35|E|region:JO}} || 119,000 || 1.4 || 85,000 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/jordan/baqaa-camp UNRWA Baqa'a refugee camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Jabalia|Kambi ya Jabalia]] | 1948 || Ukingo wa Gaza || UNRWA || {{coord|31|32|20.81|N|34|29|57.63|E|region:PS}} || 113,990 || 1.4 || 81,421 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/gaza-strip/jabalia-camp UNRWA Jabalia Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Khan Yunis|Kambi ya Khan Yunis]] | 1949 || Ukingo wa Gaza || UNRWA || {{coord|31|21|3|N|34|17|18|E|region:PS}} || 87,816 || 0.549 || 159,956 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/gaza-strip/khan-younis-camp UNRWA Khan Yunis Camp]</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.un.org/unrwa/refugees/gaza/khanyounis.html |title=UNRWA: Refugee camp profiles: Gaza field office (khan-younis-camp) |website=www.un.org |access-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060227195322/http://www.un.org/unrwa/refugees/gaza/khanyounis.html |archive-date=27 February 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Al-Shati|Kambi ya Al-Shati]] (Kambi ya Pwani) | 1948 || Ukingo wa Gaza || UNRWA || {{coord|31|31|55.91|N|34|26|43.42|E|region:PS}} || 85,628 || 0.52 || 164,669 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/gaza-strip/beach-camp UNRWA Al-Shati Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Nuseirat|Kambi ya Nuseirat]] | 1949 || Ukingo wa Gaza || UNRWA || {{coord|31|26|51.56|N|34|23|34.35|E|region:PS}} || 80,194 || n.a. || n.a. || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/gaza-strip/nuseirat-camp UNRWA Nuseirat Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Ain al-Hilweh|Kambi ya Ain al-Hilweh]] | 1948 || Lebanon || UNRWA || {{coord|33|32|37|N|35|22|41|E|region:TH}} || 59,660 || 0.3 || 198,867 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/lebanon/ein-el-hilweh-camp UNRWA Ain al-Hilweh]</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.nyidanmark.dk/-/media/Files/US/Landerapporter/Factfindingmission_Lebanon_1998.pdf?la=en-GB&hash=E4C43FEDE9F92ED581945E636DD2B84B01FEB97E |title=Report on fact-finding mission to Lebanon 2 – 18 May 1998 |date=1 June 1998 |website=newtodenmark.dk |publisher=The [[Danish Immigration Service]] |format=PDF |access-date=27 April 2020}}</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Al-Wehdat|Kambi ya Al-Wehdat]] (Kambi Mpya ya Amman) | 1955 || Yordani || UNRWA || {{coord|31|55|35|N|35|56|18|E|region:JO}} || 57,000 || 0.48 || 118,750 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/jordan/amman-new-camp UNRWA Al-Wehdat refugee camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Marka|Kambi ya Marka]] | 1968 || Yordani || UNRWA || {{coord|32|00|33|N|36|01|14|E|type:city_region:JO}} || 53,000 || 0.92 || 57,609 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/jordan/marka-camp UNRWA Marka refugee camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Jaramana|Kambi ya Jaramana]] | 1948 || Syria || UNRWA || {{coord|33|29|N|36|21|E|region:SY}} || 49,000 || 0.03 || 1,633,333 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/syria/jaramana-camp UNRWA Jaramana]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Latakia|Kambi ya Latakia]] | 1955–6 || Syria || Isiyo rasmi || {{coord|35|30|28|N|35|47|45|E|type:landmark_region:SY}} || 47,400 || 0.22 || 215,455 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/syria/latakia-unofficial-camp UNRWA Latakia Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Bureij|Kambi ya Bureij]] | 1949 || Ukingo wa Gaza || UNRWA || {{coord|31|26|22.31|N|34|24|10.58|E|region:PS}} || 43,330 || 0.529 || 81,909 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/gaza-strip/bureij-camp UNRWA Bureij]</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.un.org/unrwa/refugees/gaza/bureij.html |title=UNRWA: Refugee camp profiles: Gaza field office (bureij) |work=UNRWA |access-date=July 8, 2020 |archive-date=June 24, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070624022059/http://www.un.org/unrwa/refugees/gaza/bureij.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Rashidieh|Kambi ya Rashidieh]] | 1963 || Lebanon || UNRWA || {{coord|33|14|12.12|N|35|13|5.16|E}} || 34,584 || 0.25 || 138,336 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/lebanon/rashidieh-camp UNRWA Rashidieh]</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Jabal el-Hussein|Kambi ya Jabal el-Hussein]] | 1952 || Yordani || UNRWA || {{coord|31|57|52|N|35|54|23|E|type:edu}} || 32,000 || 0.42 || 76,190 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/jordan/jabal-el-hussein-camp UNRWA Al-Abdali]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Maghazi|Kambi ya Maghazi]] | 1949 || Ukingo wa Gaza || UNRWA || {{coord|31|25|16.89|N|34|23|07.35|E|region:PS}} || 31,329 || 0.6 || 52,215 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/gaza-strip/maghazi-camp UNRWA Maghazi (camp)]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Jerash|Kambi ya Jerash]] | 1968 || Yordani || UNRWA || {{coord|32|16|20.21|N|35|53|29.03|E|region:JO,inline}} || 29,000 || 0.75 || 38,667 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/jordan/jerash-camp UNRWA Jerash]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Irbid|Kambi ya Irbid]] | 1951 || Yordani || UNRWA || {{coord|32|33|0|N|35|51|0|E|region:JO_type:city(292040)}} || 28,000 || 0.24 || 116,667 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/jordan/irbid-camp UNRWA Irbid]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Balata|Kambi ya Balata]] | 1950 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|32|12|N|35|17|E}} || 27,000 || 0.25 || 108,000 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/balata-camp UNRWA Balata]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Deir al-Balah|Kambi ya Deir al-Balah]] | 1948 || Ukingo wa Gaza || UNRWA || {{coord|31|25|33|N|34|20|26|E|region:PS}} || 25,569 || 0.16 || 159,806 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/gaza-strip/deir-el-balah-camp UNRWA Deir al-Balah Camp]</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.un.org/unrwa/refugees/gaza/deirelbalah.html |title=UNRWA: Refugee camp profiles: Gaza field office (deirelbalah) |website=www.un.org |access-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060131073053/http://www.un.org/unrwa/refugees/gaza/deirelbalah.html |archive-date=31 January 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Husn|Kambi ya Husn]] (Kambi ya Shahidi Azmi el-Mufti) | 1968 || Yordani || UNRWA || {{coord|32|28|30|N|35|54|18|E|region:JO}} || 25,000 || 0.77 || 32,468 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/jordan/husn-camp UNRWA Husn Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Burj el-Shamali|Kambi ya Burj el-Shamali]] | 1955 || Lebanon || UNRWA || {{coord|33|15|47|N|35|14|20|E}} || 24,929 || 0.134 || 186,037 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/lebanon/burj-shemali-camp UNRWA Burj el-Shemali]</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Shu'fat|Kambi ya Shu'fat]] | 1965 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|31|48|44|N| 35|14|47|E|source:wikidata}} || 24,000 || 0.2 || 120,000 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/shufat-camp UNRWA Shu'fat camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Qabr Essit|Kambi ya Qabr Essit]] | 1967 || Syria || UNRWA || {{coord|33|26|50|N|36|20|10|E|region:SY}} || 23,700 || 0.02 || 1,185,000 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/syria/qabr-essit-camp UNRWA Qabr Essit]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Tulkarm|Kambi ya Tulkarm]] | 1950 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|32|18|51|N|35|2|4|E}} || 21,500 || 0.18 || 119,444 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/tulkarm-camp UNRWA Tulkarm Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Beddawi|Kambi ya Beddawi]] | 1955 || Lebanon || UNRWA || {{coord|34|27|0.64|N|35|52|9.17|E}} || 21,252 || 0.2 || 106,260 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/lebanon/beddawi-camp UNRWA Beddawi refugee camp]</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Zarqa|Kambi ya Zarqa]] | 1949 || Yordani || UNRWA || {{coord|32|05|N|36|06|E}} || 20,000 || 0.18 || 111,111 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/jordan/zarqa-camp UNRWA Zarqa]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Bourj el-Barajneh|Kambi ya Bourj el-Barajneh]] | 1948 || Lebanon || UNRWA || {{coord|33|50|54|N|35|30|12|E|region:LB}} || 19,539 || 0.104 || 187,875 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/lebanon/burj-barajneh-camp UNRWA Bourj el-Barajneh]</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Souf|Kambi ya Souf]] | 1967 || Yordani || UNRWA || {{coord|32|18|30|N|35|53|7.37|E|type:city_region:IL}} || 19,000 || 0.5 || 38,000 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/jordan/souf-camp UNRWA Souf Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Askar|Kambi ya Askar]] | 1950 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|32|13|11.51|N|35|17|50.77|E|region:PS}} || 18,500 || 0.119 || 155,462 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/askar-camp UNRWA Askar (camp)]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Al-Nayrab|Kambi ya Al-Nayrab]] | 1948 || Syria || UNRWA || {{coord|36|10|32|N|37|13|40|E|region:SY}} || 18,000 || 0.15 || 120,000 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/syria/neirab-camp UNRWA Al-Nayrab]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Dheisheh|Kambi ya Dheisheh]] | 1949 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|31|41|38.47|N|35|11|02.96|E|region:PS}} || 15,000 || 0.33 || 45,455 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/dheisheh-camp UNRWA Dheisheh]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Qalandia|Kambi ya Qalandia]] | 1949 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|33|19|55|N|36|19|56|E|region:SY}} || 14,800 || 0.42 || 35,238 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/kalandia-camp UNRWA Kalandia Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Al-Hassan|Kambi ya Al-Hassan]] | 1967 || Yordani || Isiyo rasmi || {{coord|31|57|27|N| 35|58|19|E|region:PS}} || 14,068 || n.a. || n.a. || || <ref name="BADIL Refugee Survey 2016-18">[https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/survey2016-2018-eng.pdf BADIL Refugee Survey 2016-18], kurasa 30-33</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Palestinian Refugees and Displaced Camps in Jordan: Prince Hassan Camp |url=https://dpa.gov.jo/EN/ListDetails/Palestinian_Refugees_And_Displaced_Camps_in_Jordan/2095/12 |website=dpa.gov.jo |access-date=2 January 2024 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102022743/https://dpa.gov.jo/EN/ListDetails/Palestinian_Refugees_And_Displaced_Camps_in_Jordan/2095/12 |archivedate=2024-01-02 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=al-Husseini |first1=Jalal |title=The Evolution of the Palestinian Refugee Camps in Jordan. Between Logics of Exclusion and Integration |url=https://books.openedition.org/ifpo/1742?lang=en |series=Villes, practices urbaines et construction nationale en Jordanie |publisher=Presses de l’Ifpo |access-date=2 January 2024 |pages=181–204 |language=en |date=13 February 2013|isbn=978-2-35159-315-8 }}</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Jenin|Kambi ya Jenin]] | 1953 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|32|27|41|N|35|17|11|E}} || 14,000 || 0.42 || 33,333 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/jenin-camp UNRWA Jenin Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Jalazone|Kambi ya Jalazone]] | 1949 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|31|57|07.15|N|35|12|41.58|E|region:PS}} || 13,000 || 0.253 || 51,383 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/jalazone-camp UNRWA Jalazone]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Al-Sabinah|Kambi ya Al-Sabinah]] | 1948 || Syria || UNRWA || {{coord|33|26|2|N|36|17|8|E|region:SY}} || 13,000 || 0.03 || 433,333 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/syria/sbeineh-camp UNRWA Al-Sabinah]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Homs|Kambi ya Homs]] | 1949 || Syria || UNRWA || {{coord|34|42|30.29|N|36|42|26.62|E|region:SY_type:city}} || 13,000 || 0.15 || 86,667 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/syria/homs-camp UNRWA Homs Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Khan Danoun|Kambi ya Khan Danoun]] | 1950 || Syria || UNRWA || {{coord|33|19|55|N|36|19|56|E|region:SY}} || 12,650 || 0.03 || 421,667 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/syria/khan-dunoun-camp UNRWA Khan Dannun]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya El Buss|Kambi ya El Buss]] | 1948 || Lebanon || UNRWA || {{coord|33|16|21|N|35|12|36|E}} || 12,281 || 0.08 || 153,513 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/lebanon/el-buss-camp UNRWA El-Buss refugee camp]</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Al-Arroub|Kambi ya Al-Arroub]] | 1950 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|31|37|23.18|N|35|08|12.19|E|region:PS}} || 12,000 || 0.24 || 50,000 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/arroub-camp UNRWA Al-Arroub (camp)]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Khan al-Shih|Kambi ya Khan al-Shih]] | 1949 || Syria || UNRWA || {{coord|33|21|30|N|36|6|26|E|region:SY}} || 12,000 || 0.69 || 17,391 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/syria/khan-eshieh-camp UNRWA Khan al-Shih]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Shatila|Kambi ya Shatila]] | 1949 || Lebanon || UNRWA || {{coord|33|51|46|N|35|29|54|E|region:LB_type:city(2000000)}} || 10,849 || 0.04 || 271,225 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/lebanon/shatila-camp UNRWA Shatila refugee camp]</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Nur Shams|Kambi ya Nur Shams]] | 1952 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|32|19|07.36|N|35|03|31.63|E|region:PS}} || 10,500 || 0.21 || 50,000 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/nur-shams-camp UNRWA Nur Shams, Tulkarm]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Daraa|Kambi ya Daraa]] | 1950 || Syria || UNRWA || {{coord|32|37|N|36|6|E|region:SY}} || 10,500 || 1.3 || 8,077 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/syria/deraa-camp UNRWA Deraa]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Fawwar|Kambi ya Fawwar]] | 1949 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|31|28|46.45|N|35|03|52.93|E|region:PS}} || 9,500 || 0.27 || 35,185 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/fawwar-camp UNRWA Fawwar, Hebron]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Wavel|Kambi ya Wavel]] | 1948 || Lebanon || UNRWA || {{coord|33|59|56.27|N|36|11|35.46|E|type:city}} || 9,460 || 0.043 || 220,000 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/lebanon/wavel-camp UNRWA Wavel]</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Hama|Kambi ya Hama]] | 1950 || Syria || UNRWA || {{coord|35|08|N|36|45|E|region:SY}} || 9,000 || 0.06 || 150,000 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/syria/hama-camp UNRWA Hama]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Aqabat Jaber|Kambi ya Aqabat Jaber]] | 1948 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|31|50|17.00|N|35|26|30.20|E|region:PS}} || 8,600 || 1.67 || 5,150 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/aqbat-jabr-camp UNRWA Aqabat Jaber]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Madaba|Kambi ya Madaba]] | 1956 || Yordani || Isiyo rasmi || {{coord| 31|42|41|N| 35|47|15|E |region:PS}} || 8,597 || n.a. || n.a. || || <ref name="BADIL Refugee Survey 2016-18"/> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Far'a|Kambi ya Far'a]] | 1949 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|32|17|38.35|N|35|20|39.74|E|region:PS}} || 8,500 || 0.26 || 32,692 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/fara-camp UNRWA Far'a]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Talbieh|Kambi ya Talbieh]] | 1968 || Yordani || UNRWA || {{coord|31|42|19|N|35|56|57|E|region:JO}} || 8,000 || 0.13 || 61,538 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/jordan/talbieh-camp UNRWA Talbieh Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Ein Beit al-Ma'|Kambi ya Ein Beit al-Ma']] (Kambi Na. 1) | 1950 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|32|13|48.91|N|35|14|58.42|E|region:PS}} || 7,500 || 0.045 || 166,667 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/camp-no-1-camp UNRWA Ein Beit al-Ma']</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Sokhna|Kambi ya Sokhna]] | 1969 || Yordani || Isiyo rasmi || {{coord|32|7|59|N| 36|4|20|E|region:PS}} || 7,424 || n.a. || n.a. || wakati mwingine huandikwa kama 'Sakhna' au 'Sukhna' || <ref name="BADIL Refugee Survey 2016-18"/> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Al-Am'ari|Kambi ya Al-Am'ari]] | 1949 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|31|53|38.60|N|35|12|41.52|E|region:PS}} || 7,000 || 0.096 || 72,917 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/amari-camp UNRWA Am'ari]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Ein Al-Tal|Kambi ya Ein Al-Tal]] (pia inajulikana kama kambi ya Handarat) | 1962 || Syria || Isiyo rasmi || {{coord|36|17|34.84|N|37|9|24.86|E}} || n.a. || 0.16 || n.a. || Imeharibiwa kwa kiasi kibaya (hapo awali ilikuwa na idadi ya watu 7,000) || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/syria/ein-el-tal-unofficial-camp UNRWA Ein el Tal]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Nahr al-Bared|Kambi ya Nahr al-Bared]] | 1949 || Lebanon || UNRWA || {{coord|34|30|47|N|35|57|40|E|region:LB_type:city}} || 5,857 || 0.198 || 29,581 || Imejengwa upya, hapo awali ilikuwa na idadi ya watu 27,000 || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/lebanon/nahr-el-bared-camp UNRWA Nahr al-Bared]</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Mieh Mieh|Kambi ya Mieh Mieh]] | 1954 || Lebanon || UNRWA || {{coord|33|32|30|N|35|23|29|E|region:TH}} || 5,747 || 0.054 || 106,426 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/lebanon/mieh-mieh-camp UNRWA Mieh Mieh refugee camp]</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Aida|Kambi ya Aida]] | 1950 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|31|43|10.34|N|35|11|56.31|E|region:PS}} || 5,500 || 0.071 || 77,465 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/aida-camp UNRWA Aida (camp)]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Dbayeh|Kambi ya Dbayeh]] | 1956 || Lebanon || UNRWA || {{coord|33|54|N|35|34|E}} || 4,591 || 0.084 || 54,655 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/lebanon/dbayeh-camp UNRWA Dbayeh]</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Ein es-Sultan|Kambi ya Ein es-Sultan]] | 1948 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|31|52|40.24|N|35|26|46.24|E|region:PS}} || 3,800 || 0.87 || 4,368 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/ein-el-sultan-camp UNRWA Ein as-Sultan]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya 'Azza|Kambi ya 'Azza]] (Beit Jibrin) | 1950 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|31|42|54.78|N|35|12|07.61|E|region:PS}} || 2,900 || 0.027 || 107,407 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/beit-jibrin-camp UNRWA 'Azza]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Deir 'Ammar|Kambi ya Deir 'Ammar]] | 1949 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || UNRWA || {{coord|31|57|57.22|N|35|05|55.98|E|region:PS}} || 2,500 || 0.162 || 15,432 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/deir-ammar-camp UNRWA Deir 'Ammar Camp]</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Qaddura|Kambi ya Qaddura]] | 1948 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || Isiyo rasmi || {{coord|31|54|3.32|N|35|12|21.18|E|region:PS}} || 1,558 || n.a. || n.a. || || <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/factsheet/Qaddura%20Camp_vp_en.pdf |title=Qaddura camp profile |website=vprofile.arij.org}}</ref> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Mar Elias|Kambi ya Mar Elias]] | 1952 || Lebanon || UNRWA || {{coord|33|52|38|N|35|29|19|E|region:LB_type:landmark}} || 725 || 0.0054 || 134,259 || || <ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/lebanon/mar-elias-camp UNRWA Mar Elias refugee camp]</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Silwad|Kambi ya Silwad]] | 1971 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || Isiyo rasmi ||{{coord|31|58|5|N| 35|15|41|E|region:PS}} || 462 || n.a. || n.a. || || <ref name="BADIL Refugee Survey 2016-18"/> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Abu Shukheidim|Kambi ya Abu Shukheidim]] | 1948 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || Isiyo rasmi || || n.a. || n.a. || n.a. || Mji wa Abu Shukhaydam unaonekana kwenye ramani ukiwa takriban maili 1 Kusini Magharibi mwa [[Birzeit]] || <ref name="BADIL Refugee Survey 2016-18"/> |- ! [[Kambi ya wakimbizi ya Birzeit|Kambi ya Birzeit]] (As-Saqaeif) | 1948 || Ukingo wa Magharibi || Isiyo rasmi || {{coord| 31|58|12|N |35|12|01|E|region:PS}}<!--Inakadiria, kutoka google maps--> || n.a. || n.a. || n.a. || || <ref name="BADIL Refugee Survey 2016-18"/><ref>{{cite web |title=مخيم بير زيت |trans-title=Bir Zeit camp |url=https://palcamps.net/ar/camp/84 |website=palcamps.net |access-date=4 January 2024 |archive-date=4 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104005840/https://palcamps.net/ar/camp/84 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |} == Takwimu za idadi ya watu == Mabadiliko ya idadi ya wakimbizi wa Palestina yanaonyeshwa hapa chini:<ref name=UNWRA2004table2>[https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-178659/ Report of the Commissioner-General of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, 1 July 2003-30 June 2004, Supplement No. 13 (A/59/13)] Jedwali la 2: Distribution of registered population (kama ilivyokuwa tarehe 30 Juni 2004)</ref><ref name=Hanafi>Ḥanafī, Sārī [https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Palestinian-Refugee-Camps-in-the-Arab-East%3A-in-of-Ḥanafī/5fe726e0243501808d403ebb2fb230e5a1b45ba3 "Palestinian Refugee Camps in the Arab East: Governmentalities in Search of Legitimacy."] (2010), ukurasa wa 6</ref><ref name=BADIL>[https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/survey2016-2018-eng.pdf BADIL Refugee Survey 2016-18], ukurasa wa 30</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Enzi !! 1950 !! 1960 !! 1970 !! 1980 !! 1990 !! 2000 !! 2004 !! 2009 !! 2018 |- ! [[Yordani]] | 506,200 || 613,743 || 506,038 || 716,372 || 929,097 || 1,570,192 || 1,758,274 || 1,951,603 || 2,242,579 |- ! [[Lebanon]] | 127,600 || 136,561 || 175,958 || 226,554 || 302,049 || 376,472 || 396,890 || 422,188 || 475,075 |- ! [[Syria]] | 82,194 || 115,043 || 158,717 || 209,362 || 280,731 || 383,199 || 417,346 || 461,897 || 560,139 |- ! [[Ukingo wa Magharibi]] | – || – || 272,692 || 324,035 || 414,298 || 583,009 || 675,670 || 762,820 || 846,465 |- ! [[Ukingo wa Gaza]] | 198,227 || 255,542 || 311,814 || 367,995 || 496,339 || 824,622 || 938,531 || 1,073,303 || 1,421,282 |- ! Jumla ya wakimbizi waliosajiliwa | 914,221 || 1,120,889 || 1,425,219 || 1,844,318 || 2,422,514 || 3,737,494 || 4,186,711 || 4,671,811 || 5,545,540 |} Idadi ya wakimbizi wa Palestina wanaoishi ndani ya maeneo ya kiutendaji yaliyosajiliwa na UNRWA inaonyeshwa hapa chini, ikijumuisha wale wanaoishi makambini na wale wanaoishi nje ya kambi:<ref name=UNWRA2004table3>[https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-178659/ Report of the Commissioner-General of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, 1 July 2003-30 June 2004, Supplement No. 13 (A/59/13)] Jedwali la 3: Number and distribution of special hardship cases (kama ilivyokuwa tarehe 30 Juni 2004)</ref><ref name=Hanafi/><ref name=BADIL/> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Mwaka !! Watu waliosajiliwa (wakimbizi na wengineo) !! Wakimbizi waliosajiliwa makambini !! % ya wakimbizi waliosajiliwa makambini |- | 1953 || 870,158 || 300,785 || 34.6 |- | 1955 || 912,425 || 351,532 || 38.5 |- | 1960 || 1,136,487 || 409,223 || 36.0 |- | 1965 || 1,300,117 || 508,042 || 39.1 |- | 1970 || 1,445,022 || 500,985 || 34.7 |- | 1975 || 1,652,436 || 551,643 || 33.4 |- | 1980 || 1,863,162 || 613,149 || 32.9 |- | 1985 || 2,119,862 || 805,482 || 38.0 |- | 1990 || 2,466,516 || 697,709 || 28.3 |- | 1995 || 3,246,044 || 1,007,375 || 31.0 |- | 2000 || 3,806,055 || 1,227,954 || 32.3 |- | 2005 || 4,283,892 || 1,265,987 || 29.6 |- | 2010 || 4,966,664 || 1,452,790 || 29.3 |- | 2015 || 5,741,480 || 1,632,876 || 28.4 |- | 2018 || 6,171,793 || 1,728,409 || 28.0 |} Jedwali hapa chini linaonyesha idadi ya wakimbizi waliosajiliwa, watu wengine waliosajiliwa, na wakimbizi wanaoishi makambini mnamo mwaka 2018.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://unrwa.es/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/unrwa_in_figures_2019_eng_sep_2019_final.pdf |title=UNRWA in Figures 2019 |website=unrwa.es}}</ref> Ufafanuzi wa UNRWA kuhusu "Watu Wengine Waliosajiliwa" unamaanisha "wale ambao, wakati wa usajili wa awali hawakukidhi vigezo vyote vya UNRWA vya ukimbizi wa Palestina, lakini walionekana kupata hasara kubwa na/au shida kwa sababu zinazohusiana na mzozo wa 1948 nchini Palestina; pia inajumuisha watu ambao ni wanachama wa familia za watu wengine waliosajiliwa."<ref>[https://www.unrwa.org/sites/default/files/content/resources/aor_2019_eng.pdf UNRWA Annual Operational Report 2019]</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Kipengele !! Yordani !! Lebanon !! Syria !! Ukingo wa Magharibi !! Ukingo wa Gaza !! Jumla |- | Wakimbizi waliosajiliwa || 2,242,579 || 475,075 || 560,139 || 846,465 || 1,421,282 || 5,545,540 |- | Watu wengine waliosajiliwa || 133,902 || 58,810 || 83,003 || 201,525 || 149,013 || 626,253 |- | Jumla ya watu waliosajiliwa || 2,376,481 || 533,885 || 643,142 || 1,047,990 || 1,570,295 || 6,171,793 |- | Wakimbizi wanaoishi ndani ya mipaka rasmi ya kambi || 412,054 || 270,614 || 194,993 || 256,758 || 593,990 || 1,728,409 |- | % ya wanaoishi ndani ya mipaka ya kambi || 18.4% || 57.0% || 34.8% || 30.3% || 41.8% || 31.2% |} ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} ==Bibliografia== * {{cite book |author1=Are Knudsen |author2=Sari Hanafi |title=Palestinian Refugees: Identity, Space and Place in the Levan t|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QlIuCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA3 |date=5 November 2010 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-88334-7 |pages=3–}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons category|Palestinian refugee camps}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.forcedmigration.org/research-resources/expert-guides/palestinian-refugees-in-lebanon/fmo018.pdf |title=Palestinian Refugees in Lebanon |website=www.forcedmigration.org |via=web.archive.org |accessdate=2026-06-13 |archive-date=2017-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207104159/http://www.forcedmigration.org/research-resources/expert-guides/palestinian-refugees-in-lebanon/fmo018.pdf |url-status=dead }} * {{cite web |url=http://www.forcedmigration.org/research-resources/expert-guides/palestinian-refugees-in-syria/fmo017.pdf |title=Palestinian Refugees in Syria |website=www.forcedmigration.org |via=web.archive.org |accessdate=2026-06-13 |archive-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810020055/http://www.forcedmigration.org/research-resources/expert-guides/palestinian-refugees-in-syria/fmo017.pdf |url-status=dead }} * {{cite web |url=http://www.forcedmigration.org/research-resources/expert-guides/palestinian-refugees-in-jordan/fmo025.pdf |title=Palestinian Refugees in Jordan |website=www.forcedmigration.org |via=web.archive.org |accessdate=2026-06-13 |archive-date=2017-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828015322/http://www.forcedmigration.org/research-resources/expert-guides/palestinian-refugees-in-jordan/fmo025.pdf |url-status=dead }} * {{cite web |url=https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/as-rebuilding-begins-at-lebanons-nahr-al-bared-displaced-refugees-eager-to-return/ |title=As rebuilding begins at Lebanon's nahr al bared, displaced refugees are eager to return |website= |author1=William Wheeler |author2=Don Duncan |work=World Politics Review |date=11 March 2008}} * {{cite web |url=http://alray.ps/en/index.php?act=post&id=2581 |title=UN refugee agency unveils Palestinian archive |website=alray.ps |via=web.archive.org |accessdate=2026-06-13 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215430/http://alray.ps/en/index.php?act=post&id=2581 |url-status=dead }} {{WFR}} [[Jamii:Wiki for Refugees 2026]] [[Jamii:Kambi za wakimbizi wa Palestina|*]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Palestina]] 7y7dmjk0ml4be4g8btj05cbxzm3byzh 0 242571 1612373 1581284 2026-11-01T12:26:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612373 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ervin Elroy Cherry''' (alizaliwa [[26 Machi]] [[1966]]) ni muuaji wa mfululizo kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyewaua wanawake watatu kwa kuwanyonga katika eneo la Kaskazini mwa [[Florida]] kati ya [[Novemba]] [[1993]] na [[Februari]] [[1994]]. Alihusishwa na mauaji hayo baada ya kukamatwa katika [[Jimbo la Gogrial|jimbo la Georgia]] kwa kosa la wizi wa magari. Baadaye alipatikana na hatia ya mauaji hayo na kuhukumiwa kifungo cha maisha jela.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2010-05-10|title=Man serving life in prison indicted on third murder|url=https://historiccity.com/2010/staugustine/news/man-serving-life-in-prison-indicted-on-third-murder-3159|access-date=2021-12-21|website=HISTORIC CITY NEWS|language=en-US|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221022638/https://historiccity.com/2010/staugustine/news/man-serving-life-in-prison-indicted-on-third-murder-3159|archivedate=2021-12-21|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii: Waliozaliwa 1966]] gncm9zvhevmcwyielwchs6talifrbhm 0 242696 1612474 1589589 2026-11-01T23:26:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612474 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:ISOMBE.jpg|thumb]] '''Isombe''' au kisamvu ni [[mchuzi]] wa [[mboga]] za [[majani]] wenye [[asili]] ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], lakini hutumiwa sana [[Rwanda]] na [[Burundi]]. Hupikwa kwa kuchemsha majani ya [[Muhogo|mihogo]] yaliyokatwa pamoja na [[nyanya]], [[Kitunguu maji|kitunguu maji,]] [[kitunguu saumu]], na mchuzi wa [[mifupa]], kisha kuongezwa [[Siagi ya karanga|siagi]] ya [[karanga]] mwishoni. Mara nyingi huliwa kwa [[ugali]], [[wali]], [[maharagwe]] au [[mkate]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Isombe {{!}} Traditional Stew From Rwanda {{!}} TasteAtlas|url=https://www.tasteatlas.com/isombe|work=www.tasteatlas.com|accessdate=2026-07-25}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/en/#iso:std:iso:24081:ed-1:v1:en|work=www.iso.org|accessdate=2026-07-25}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=ISOMBE – Momkoumba|url=https://momkoumba.com/isombe/|date=2025-12-30|accessdate=2026-07-25|language=en-US|archive-date=2026-02-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260218054635/https://www.momkoumba.com/isombe/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=DSpace|url=https://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/5268|work=www.suaire.sua.ac.tz|accessdate=2026-07-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260725103220/https://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/5268|archivedate=2026-07-25|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Mboga]] [[Jamii:Chakula cha Kiafrika]] [[Jamii:utamaduni wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] rr5zz406rr2ul0v9hrxys6tjhgqwjtj 0 242799 1612402 1612068 2026-11-01T14:12:11Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612402 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; background-color: #f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #7d7d7d; padding: 5px; float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; clear: right;" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; padding: 8px;" | Muziki wa Kamerun |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; padding: 4px;" | Taarifa za jumla |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Asili: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Kamerun]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Mitindo: | style="padding: 3px;" | Makossa, bikutsi, afropop, hip-hop na injili |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Ala zinazohusishwa: | style="padding: 3px;" | Balafon, ngoma, gitaa, besi na ala za shaba |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Kitovu: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Douala]] na [[Yaoundé]] |} '''Muziki wa Kamerun''' unajumuisha mila na mitindo mbalimbali inayoeleza historia na utamaduni wa jamii zake. Kamerun ina nafasi ya pekee barani Afrika ikiwa chimbuko la mitindo maarufu kama makossa na bikutsi, na imechangia kwa kiasi kikubwa katika maendeleo ya muziki wa Afrika.<ref name="Minac">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.minac-gouv.com/arts-spectacles/musique|title=Musique|work=Ministère des Arts et de la Culture du Cameroun|accessdate=26 Oktoba 2026|language=fr}}</ref> == Makossa == Makossa ni mtindo wa muziki maarufu ulioanzia mjini Douala mnamo miaka ya 1950 na 1960. Mtindo huu unachanganya midundo ya asili ya Sawa, highlife ya Ghana na muziki wa soul, ukijulikana zaidi kwa sauti zenye nguvu za gitaa la besi na ala za shaba.<ref name="Minac" /> Manu Dibango aliuingiza mtindo wa makossa kwenye anga za kimataifa kupitia wimbo wake maarufu “Soul Makossa” wa mwaka 1972.<ref name="Minac" /> Baadaye, wasanii kama Petit-Pays, Ben Decca na Ndedi Eyango waliendeleza na kuuboresha mtindo huo.<ref name="Minac" /> == Bikutsi == Bikutsi ni mtindo wenye mdundo wa haraka na dansi inayotoka kwa jamii ya Beti iliyo katikati mwa Kamerun. Bikutsi ilitafsiriwa kuwa muziki wa kisasa mnamo miaka ya 1980 na kundi la Les Têtes Brûlées kwa kutumia magitaa ya umeme yenye kasi kubwa.<ref name="Minac" /> Hadi leo, Bikutsi inasalia kuwa miongoni mwa mitindo pendwa zaidi nchini humo, ikiwakilishwa kimataifa na wasanii kama Lady Ponce, K-Tino na Coco Argentée.<ref name="Minac" /> == Afropop, hip-hop na injili == Afropop ya Kamerun inachanganya miondoko ya nyumbani na mitindo ya kisasa ya kimataifa kupitia wasanii kama Locko, Daphne, Blanche Bailly na Salatiel.<ref name="Minac" /> Hip-hop ya nchi hiyo ilipata kasi kubwa kuanzia miaka ya 2010, ikiongozwa na Jovi (aliyagundua mtindo wa "Mboko rap") na Stanley Enow, ambaye wimbo wake "Hein Père" wa mwaka 2013 ulikuwa wa kwanza kutoka Kamerun kufikisha watazamaji milioni moja kwenye mtandao wa YouTube.<ref name="Minac" /> Muziki wa injili pia una nguvu kubwa mijini Yaoundé na Douala kupitia wasanii kama Charlotte Dipanda na Princesse Morane.<ref name="Minac" /> == Urithi wa UNESCO == Mnamo mwaka 2025, Shirika la UNESCO liliorodhesha ''Mvet Oyeng''—sanaa ya muziki, desturi na ujuzi wa jadi wa jamii ya Ekang—kwenye Orodha ya Urithi wa Utamaduni Usiogusika wa Binadamu.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/cameroon-CM|title=Cameroon – UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage|work=UNESCO|accessdate=26 Oktoba 2026|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} [[Jamii:Muziki wa Kamerun| ]] [[Jamii:Muziki wa Afrika ya Kati]] 1zqfxjyn7nkc1abfd2d8rdof7wizbcw 0 244139 1612404 1587624 2026-11-01T14:14:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612404 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Bawit._Klooster_van_de_Heilige_Apollo_Muurschildering_van_sint_Phoibammon_te_paard,_GDE000858.jpg|thumb|Mt. Foibamoni alivyochorwa.]] '''Foibamoni wa Preht''' ([[Touho]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://csla.history.ox.ac.uk/record.php?recid=E00240 |title=Schenke, Gesa. "Cult of Saints, E00240", University of Oxford, May 3, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20251116005221/http://csla.history.ox.ac.uk/record.php?recid=E00240 |archivedate=2025-11-16 |accessdate=2026-08-08 |url-status=dead}}</ref>, Misri, [[karne ya 4]] - [[Asiut]], [[Misri]], [[305]] hivi) alikuwa [[askari]] [[Mkristo]] aliyeuawa wakati wa [[dhuluma]] ya [[kaisari]] [[Dioklesyano]]. Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na [[Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki]] kama [[mtakatifu]] [[mfiadini]]. [[Sikukuu]] yao huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[26 Mei]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:waliozaliwa karne ya 4]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 305]] [[Jamii:Wafiadini Wakristo]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Misri]] q0zzgpvde606swyom2h41aov6sfdt3z 1612460 1612404 2026-11-01T22:18:45Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1612460 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Bawit._Klooster_van_de_Heilige_Apollo_Muurschildering_van_sint_Phoibammon_te_paard,_GDE000858.jpg|thumb|Mt. Foibamoni alivyochorwa.]] '''Foibamoni wa Preht''' ([[Touho]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://csla.history.ox.ac.uk/record.php?recid=E00240 |title=Schenke, Gesa. "Cult of Saints, E00240", University of Oxford, May 3, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20251116005221/http://csla.history.ox.ac.uk/record.php?recid=E00240 |archivedate=2025-11-16 |accessdate=2026-08-08 |url-status=dead}}</ref>, Misri, [[karne ya 4]] - [[Asiut]], [[Misri]], [[305]] hivi) alikuwa [[askari]] [[Mkristo]] aliyeuawa wakati wa [[dhuluma]] ya [[kaisari]] [[Dioklesyano]]. Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na [[Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki]] kama [[mtakatifu]] [[mfiadini]]. [[Sikukuu]] yao huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[26 Mei]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:waliozaliwa karne ya 4]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 305]] [[Jamii:Wafiadini Wakristo]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Misri]] 9n8690w49tfvz4jn6nvdq2hh2a35xl0 0 247275 1612554 1605830 2026-11-02T11:57:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612554 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kyal Legend''' ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kanada]]. Katika televisheni, anajulikana kwa nafasi zake kama Julie Maslany katika mfululizo wa Family Channel ''Backstage'' (2016–2017) na Sierra 5 katika mfululizo wa hadithi za kisayansi wa CBC Gem ''Utopia Falls'' (2020). Filamu zake zinajumuisha ''V/H/S/94'' (2021). ==Maisha ya awali== Legend alizaliwa [[Toronto]] na wazazi wenye asili ya [[Ufilipino]] na [[Jamaika]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Meet Kyal Legend {{!}} Actress|url=https://shoutoutla.com/meet-kyal-legend-actress/|access-date=January 7, 2026|website=shoutoutla.com}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ajax's Kyal Legend is Julie on 'Backstage'|url=https://www.durhamregion.com/things-to-do/ajax-s-kyal-legend-is-julie-on-backstage/article_6aa253cb-e4c1-5582-aa98-7bb9382aef35.html|access-date=January 7, 2026|website=durhamregion.com}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] howtx0fgoi1k1lzmom0bzq0wza0m0nb 0 247709 1612483 1592636 2026-11-02T02:22:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612483 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jessica Holmes''' (amezaliwa [[29 Agosti]], [[1973]]) ni mchekeshaji na [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kanada]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Holmes |first1=Jessica |title=Jessica Holmes {{!}} LinkedIn |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/jessica-holmes-50ab90202 |website=LinkedIn |access-date=20 January 2025}}</ref> ==Kazi== [[File:Jessica Holmes performing.jpg|thumb]] === Mwigizaji na mchekeshaji === Mwaka 1999, Holmes alipata nafasi ya kutumbuiza mara kadhaa katika Just for Laughs, tamasha la kimataifa la vichekesho huko [[Montreal]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Holmes Show, The – The History of Canadian Broadcasting |url=https://broadcasting-history.ca/holmes-show-the/ |access-date=2026-03-16 |language=en-CA |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260117132918/https://broadcasting-history.ca/holmes-show-the/ |archivedate=2026-01-17 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1973|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 2s7o8c68i7ml1cd1spki9tnbv2ode45 0 248191 1612411 1612209 2026-11-01T14:25:20Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Masahihisho aliyefanya [[Special:Contributions/Alverdo|Alverdo]] ([[User talk:Alverdo|Majadiliano]]) yalirejeshwa hadi sahihisho la mwisho na [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] 1596943 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- Jina la makala linalopendekezwa: Uroš Medić --><!-- Ni vyema kuanza kwa kuchapisha makala hii katika ukurasa wa majaribio wa mtumiaji. -->'''Uroš Medić''' ([[Kiserbia]] kwa alfabeti ya Kisiriliki: '''Урош Медић'''; alizaliwa 25 Aprili 1993) ni mpiganaji wa [[Serbia]] wa [[sanaa mseto za mapigano]] (MMA). Anashindana katika uzani wa welter wa shirika la [[Ultimate Fighting Championship]] (UFC). Anajulikana pia kwa jina la utani ''The Doctor''.<ref name="ufc">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ufc.com/athlete/uros-medic|title=Uroš Medić|website=UFC|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=en}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Medić alizaliwa mjini [[Novi Sad]] na alikulia Budisava, karibu na mji huo. Alianza kujifunza [[judo]] akiwa na umri wa miaka minne na baadaye akafanya mazoezi ya kickboxing katika Fight Club Novi Sad. Alisomea michezo na elimu ya viungo kabla ya kwenda Marekani mwaka 2015 kupitia programu ya kazi na kusafiri. Aliishi [[Anchorage]], Alaska, ambako alifanya mazoezi na pia akafanya kazi kama mkufunzi katika Anchorage Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.b92.net/o/sport/vas_komentar?nav_id=1711321|title=Medić za B92.net: Rođen u Srbiji, trenira u Americi i sprema se za UFC|website=B92|date=27 Julai 2020|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=sr}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://sportklub.n1info.rs/sk-fight/a338460-andquotnasandquot-covek-pred-vratima-ufc-prica-za-sk-idemo-pun-gas/|title=„Naš“ čovek pred vratima UFC priča za SK: Idemo pun gas|website=Sport Klub|date=2 Agosti 2020|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=sr}}</ref> == Kazi katika sanaa mseto za mapigano == === Mwanzo wa kazi === Medić alianza kushindana kama mtaalamu mwaka 2016 katika Alaska Fighting Championship. Alishinda mapambano yake matano ya kwanza kabla ya muda kumalizika, kwa TKO au kwa kumlazimisha mpinzani kujisalimisha. Tarehe 4 Agosti 2020 alipambana na Mikey Gonzalez katika ''Dana White's Contender Series''. Medić alishinda kwa TKO katika raundi ya kwanza na baadaye akapewa mkataba wa kushindana katika UFC.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://sportklub.n1info.rs/sk-fight/a338625-novi-srbin-na-ufc-rosteru-medicev-nokaut-u-prvoj-rundi/|title=Novi Srbin na UFC rosteru: Medićev nokaut u prvoj rundi|website=Sport Klub|date=5 Agosti 2020|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=sr}}</ref> === Ultimate Fighting Championship === Medić alicheza pambano lake la kwanza katika UFC tarehe 6 Machi 2021 kwenye UFC 259. Alimshinda Aalon Cruz kwa TKO katika raundi ya kwanza. Ushindi huo ulimletea tuzo ya ''Performance of the Night''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.mmafighting.com/2021/3/7/22317893/ufc-259-bonuses-kennedy-nzechukwu-carlos-ulberg-earn-fight-of-the-night-for-back-and-forth-scrap|title=UFC 259 bonuses: Kennedy Nzechukwu and Carlos Ulberg earn Fight of the Night|website=MMA Fighting|date=7 Machi 2021|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Baadaye aliwashinda wapiganaji kadhaa, wakiwemo Omar Morales, Matthew Semelsberger na Tim Means. Ushindi wake dhidi ya Means mwaka 2024 ulimletea tuzo yake ya pili ya ''Performance of the Night''.<ref name="ufc" /> Mwaka 2025 aliwashinda Gilbert Urbina na Muslim Salikhov katika raundi ya kwanza. Februari 2026 alimshinda Geoff Neal kwa KO katika raundi ya kwanza na akapokea tena tuzo ya ''Performance of the Night''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ufcstats.com/fighter-details/681399317dbf4701|title=Uros Medic — takwimu za mapambano|website=UFCStats.com|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tarehe 1 Agosti 2026 Medić alishiriki katika pambano kuu la tukio la kwanza la UFC lililofanyika Serbia, katika uwanja wa Belgrade Arena. Alimshinda Daniel Rodriguez kwa TKO takribani sekunde 30 baada ya kuanza kwa raundi ya kwanza. Ushindi huo ulimletea tuzo yake ya nne ya ''Performance of the Night''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.b92.net/sport/borilacki-sportovi/mma/255342/uros-medic-konferencija-posle-pobede-na-ufc-beograd/vest|title=Medić: „Ovo je nešto neverovatno – nisam mogao ni da zamislim“|website=B92.sport|date=1 Agosti 2026|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=sr}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.mmafighting.com/ufc/502846/uros-medic-explains-why-he-still-wants-leon-edwards-next-responds-to-potential-superstar-status-after-ufc-belgrade|title=Uros Medic explains why he still wants Leon Edwards next after UFC Belgrade|website=MMA Fighting|date=2 Agosti 2026|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=en}}</ref> == Rekodi ya sanaa mseto za mapigano == Kufikia 31 Agosti 2026, Medić alikuwa na rekodi ya kitaalamu ya ushindi 14 na kushindwa mara tatu. Ushindi wake 12 ulipatikana kwa KO au TKO, na miwili kwa kumlazimisha mpinzani kujisalimisha. Alipoteza mara moja kwa KO na mara mbili kwa kusalimu amri.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.sherdog.com/fighter/Uros-Medic-272505|title=Uros “The Doctor” Medic|website=Sherdog|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=en}}</ref> == Tuzo na mafanikio == * '''Ultimate Fighting Championship''' ** ''Performance of the Night'' mara nne: dhidi ya Aalon Cruz, Tim Means, Geoff Neal na Daniel Rodriguez.<ref name="ufc" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.ufc.com/athlete/uros-medic Wasifu katika tovuti ya UFC] * [https://www.sherdog.com/fighter/Uros-Medic-272505 Rekodi ya kitaalamu katika Sherdog] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:wachezaji wa Serbia]] b8gx0ag9t962phzofcynqfvbeg1chy0 0 250014 1612436 1597597 2026-11-01T17:55:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612436 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Guido Rodríguez | nchi = Argentina | majina_mengine = | picha = Argentina national football team - 2 - 2022 (Guido Rodríguez).jpg | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = Rodríguez akiwa na [[Timu ya taifa ya mpira wa miguu ya Argentina|Argentina]] mwaka 2022 | jina_la_kuzaliwa = Guido Rodríguez | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1994|04|12}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Sáenz Peña, Buenos Aires]], [[Mkoa wa Buenos Aires]], Argentina | tarehe_ya_kufariki = | mahala_alipofia = | sababu_ya_kifariki = | anajulikana kwa = | kazi = Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu | nafasi = Kiungo mkabaji | mshahara = | kipindi = | alitanguliwa_na = | akafuatiwa_na = | chama = | bodi = | dhehebu = | dini = | ndoa = | miaka_ya_Upadri = | rafiki = | watoto = | mahusiano = | washauri_wa_Mwanzo = | tovuti = | maelezo = | mwajiri = | urefu = 1.85 m | uzito = }} '''Guido Rodríguez''' (alizaliwa 12 Aprili 1994) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa kulipwa kutoka nchini [[Argentina]] anayecheza nafasi ya kiungo mkabaji katika klabu ya [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] inayoshiriki [[La Liga]] ya nchini [[Hispania|Uhispania]] na timu ya taifa ya Argentina. == Taarifa za klabu == === River Plate === Rodríguez alianza taaluma yake katika klabu ya [[Club Atlético River Plate|River Plate]]. Mnamo 9 Oktoba 2014, alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza akiwa na River Plate katika robo fainali ya kombe la [[Copa Argentina]] dhidi ya [[Rosario Central]]. Alikaa klabuni hapo hadi mwaka 2016, akipata nafasi chache za kucheza ambapo alicheza mechi 16 pekee za ligi na mechi mbili za Copa Argentina. ==== 2016: Mkopo Defensa y Justicia ==== Pia alicheza kwa mkopo katika klabu ya [[Defensa y Justicia]] mnamo mwaka 2016, akicheza mechi 15 za ligi ya huko nchini Argentina.<ref>{{cite web |title=Seven things you need to know about Guido Rodríguez! |publisher=West Ham United F.C. |date=6 August 2024 |url=https://www.whufc.com/news/seven-things-you-need-know-about-guido-rodriguez |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> === Tijuana === Katikati ya mwaka 2016, Rodríguez alijiunga na klabu ya [[Club Tijuana]] ya [[Meksiko|Mexico]]. Alicheza mechi 39 za ligi na kufunga mabao matano.<ref>{{cite web |title=Seven things you need to know about Guido Rodríguez! |publisher=West Ham United F.C. |date=6 August 2024 |url=https://www.whufc.com/news/seven-things-you-need-know-about-guido-rodriguez |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> === América === Mnamo 7 Julai 2017, alijiunga na [[Club América]], akiungana tena na kocha wake wa zamani wa Tijuana, [[Miguel Herrera]]. Mnamo Julai 2019, baada ya kuisaidia Club América kutwaa ubingwa wa [[2018–19 Liga MX season#Torneo Apertura|Apertura 2018]], Rodríguez alitwaa tuzo ya mpira wa dhahabu kama mchezaji bora wa ligi hiyo.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://vivaligamx.com/2019/07/15/rodriguez-named-liga-mx-mvp/ |title=Guido Rodríguez named best in Liga MX … again |publisher=Viva Liga MX |date=6 August 2024 |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> === Real Betis === ==== 2020–21: Mkopo na usajili wa kudumu ==== Mnamo 14 Januari 2020, Rodríguez alihamia Ulaya na kusaini mkataba na klabu ya [[Real Betis]] inayoshiriki [[La Liga]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/betis/2020/01/14/5e1d948ce2704e4b468b45aa.html |title=Oficial: Guido Rodríguez, nuevo jugador del Betis |publisher=Marca |date=14 January 2020 |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> Mnamo 8 Julai 2020, alifunga bao lake la kwanza klabuni hapo katika ushindi wa 3–0 dhidi ya [[CA Osasuna|Osasuna]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://espndeportes.espn.com/futbol/espana/nota/_/id/7137629/guido-rodriguez-gol-betis-vs-osasuna-calla-criticas-la-liga |title=Guido Rodríguez apaga las críticas en España con su primer gol |publisher=ESPN |date=8 July 2020 |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> ==== 2021–22: Ubingwa wa Copa del Rey ==== Katika msimu wake wa pili wa kamili klabuni hapo, Rodríguez alitwaa ubingwa wa [[2021–22 Copa del Rey|Copa del Rey]] akiwa na Betis, akicheza dakika zote 120 katika mechi ya fainali dhidi ya [[Valencia CF|Valencia]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ole.com.ar/futbol-internacional/espana/betis-campeon-copa-rey-pezella_0_NJfunPLJ6O.html |title=Fiesta en Betis: campeón de la Copa del Rey con Pezzella y Guido Rodríguez |publisher=Olé |date=23 April 2022 |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> ==== 2023–24: Msimu wa mwisho na kuondoka ==== Baada ya kumalizika kwa msimu wa 2023–24, Rodríguez aliondoka Real Betis mara baada ya mkataba wake kumalizika.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.realbetisbalompie.es/noticias/sin-publicar/unos-vienen-y-otros-se-van-30301 |title=Unos vienen y otros se van |publisher=Real Betis |date=10 July 2024 |access-date=19 September 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806172424/https://www.realbetisbalompie.es/noticias/sin-publicar/unos-vienen-y-otros-se-van-30301 |archivedate=2024-08-06 |url-status=dead}}</ref> === West Ham United === Mnamo 6 Agosti 2024, Rodríguez alijiunga na klabu ya ligi kuu ya [[Uingereza]] ya [[West Ham United F.C.|West Ham United]] kama mchezaji huru.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.whufc.com/news/west-ham-united-sign-argentinian-world-cup-winner-guido-rodriguez |title=West Ham United sign Argentininan World Cup winner Guido Rodríguez |publisher=West Ham United F.C. |date=6 August 2024 |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> Mnamo 17 Agosti, alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza klabuni hapo katika mechi ya ligi dhidi ya [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]].<ref>{{cite web |date=19 August 2024 |title=Match Report-Hammers beaten by Aston Villa in season opener |url=https://www.whufc.com/news/match-report-hammers-beaten-aston-villa-season-opener |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> === Valencia === Mnamo 26 Januari 2026, Rodríguez alirejea Uhispania na kujiunga na [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] kwa mkataba wa mpaka mwishoni mwa msimu.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.valenciacf.com/official-statement-guido-rodriguez |title=Official statement | Guido Rodríguez |publisher=Valencia CF |date=26 January 2026 |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> Mnamo 3 Julai 2026, aliongeza mkataba wa miaka mingine miwili klabuni hapo.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://onefootball.com/fr/news/official-statement-guido-rodriguez-43090593 |title=Official statement | Guido Rodríguez |publisher=OneFootball |date=3 July 2026 |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> == Timu ya taifa == Mnamo 9 Juni 2017, Rodríguez aliitwa kwa mara ya kwanza katika timu ya taifa ya Argentina kwa ajili ya mechi ya kirafiki dhidi ya [[Brazil]] jijini Melbourne nchini [[Australia]]. Alitokea benchi kuchukua nafasi ya [[Paulo Dybala]] katika ushindi wa 1–0 wa Argentina.<ref>{{cite web |title=Seven things you need to know about Guido Rodríguez! |publisher=West Ham United F.C. |date=6 August 2024 |url=https://www.whufc.com/news/seven-things-you-need-know-about-guido-rodriguez |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> Mnamo Mei 2019, alijumuishwa katika kikosi cha wachezaji 23 cha Argentina kwa ajili ya mashindano ya [[Copa Amerika]] ya mwaka 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=Oficial: Marchesín y Guido Rodríguez, con Argentina en la Copa América; Meza, fuera |date=21 May 2019 |url=https://www.marca.com/claro-mx/futbol-internacional/copa-america/2019/05/21/5ce42637ca4741fe5c8b45c3.html |publisher=Marca |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> Alifunga bao lake la kwanza la kimataifa mnamo 18 Juni 2021 katika mechi ya pili ya kundi kwenye mashindano ya Copa Amerika 2021, likiwa bao pekee lililoipa Argentina ushindi wa 1–0 dhidi ya [[Uruguay]].<ref>{{cite web |first=Soham |last=Mukherjee |url=https://www.goal.com/en/amp/news/watch-lionel-messis-sublime-assist-against-uruguay/lnasdbe0u1z71fuw2h0ig6lxe |title=Watch: Lionel Messi's Sublime Assist Against Uruguay |publisher=Goal |date=19 June 2021 |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> Mnamo 11 Novemba 2022, alijumuishwa katika kikosi cha mwisho cha Argentina kwa ajili ya [[Kombe la Dunia la FIFA]] la mwaka 2022 nchini [[Qatar]] na alitwaa ubingwa wa mashindano hayo.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.afa.com.ar/es/posts/lista-de-convocados-de-la-seleccion-argentina-para-qatar-2022ok |title=Lista de convocados de la Selección Argentina para Qatar 2022 |date=11 November 2022 |access-date=19 September 2026 |publisher=AFA}}</ref> Pia alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichotwaa ubingwa wa Copa Amerika 2024.<ref>{{cite news |date=15 June 2024 |title=Lionel Scaloni dio a conocer la lista de la Selección argentina para la Copa América 2024 |url=https://tn.com.ar/deportes/futbol/2024/06/15/lionel-scaloni-dio-a-conocer-la-lista-de-la-seleccion-argentina-para-la-copa-america-2024/?gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjwqf20BhBwEiwAt7dtdeK13_I24H4iqEBua7UtmDLn6_x-FfDm-gzEseLS8vJCnOlmjC3PlBoCHEwQAvD_BwE |access-date=19 September 2026 |publisher=Todo Noticias}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1994]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Argentina]] 1s3bfjqqfszpced60wzmwin4ggqzms1 0 250746 1612409 1612194 2026-11-01T14:23:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612409 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Salma Vybz.jpg|alt=Salma Vybz|thumb|Salma Vybz]] '''Hawa Tamimu Ally''' (anajulikana zaidi mtandaoni kama '''Salma Vybz''' na sasa kama '''HAVA VYBZ'''; amezaliwa 7 Oktoba 2003) ni mjasiriamali, mtaalamu wa tiba ya ngozi (aesthetician), na mtayarishaji wa maudhui ya kidijitali kutoka nchini [[Tanzania]]. Anafahamika sana kwa ubunifu wake katika tasnia ya sanaa ya maudhui ya mtandaoni, hususan kwa kufanya maudhui ya kimahusiano na mtengeneza maudhui pamoja na uwekezaji wake mkubwa kwenye sekta ya urembo na afya ya ngozi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wasifu wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/wasifu-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Wasifu wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="undefined" |'''Hawa Tamimu Ally''' ! colspan="undefined" | |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Jina la Kuzaliwa''' | colspan="undefined" |Hawa Tamimu Ally |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Majina Mengine''' | colspan="undefined" |Salma Vybz,HAVA VYBZ |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Tarehe ya Kuzaliwa''' | colspan="undefined" |7 Oktoba 2003 |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Mahali pa Kuzaliwa''' | colspan="undefined" |Tanzania 🇹🇿 |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Elimu''' | colspan="undefined" |Stashahada ya Tiba na Afya ya Ngozi |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Kazi''' | colspan="undefined" |Mjasiriamali, mtaalamu wa tiba ya ngozi & mtayarishaji wa maudhui |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Anafahamika kwa''' | colspan="undefined" |Maudhui ya kidijitali na ujasiriamali wa urembo |} ---- == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Salma Vybz alizaliwa na kulelewa nchini [[Tanzania]]. Alionyesha nia ya mapema katika masuala ya urembo na afya, jambo lililomfanya kujiunga na masomo ya juu ya afya ambapo alihitimu na kutuzwa Stashahada (Diploma) ya Masuala ya Tiba na Afya ya Ngozi (Dermatology and Aesthetic Medicine). Elimu hii imekuwa nguzo kuu katika biashara zake na maudhui anayozalisha.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tazama elimu ya Salma vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/tazama-elimu-ya-salma-vybz.html|work=Tazama elimu ya Salma vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> == Sanaa na Umaarufu == Salma Vybz alipata umaarufu mkubwa kupitia mitandao ya kijamii kama vile [[TikTok]] na [[Instagram]], ambapo mtindo wake wa kipekee wa uwasilishaji ulimvutia melfu ya wafuasi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sanaa na Umaarufu wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/sanaa-na-umaarufu-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Sanaa na Umaarufu wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> === Ubunifu wa Maudhui === Sanaa yake mtandaoni inajikita zaidi katika maudhui ya mtindo wa maisha (lifestyle), urembo, na sanaa ya ucheshi ya mahusiano. Amekuwa akitengeneza maudhui ya pamoja yanayovuma sana na mwenza wake, Kim Traveller, ambapo wawili hao wamejizolea umaarufu mkubwa chini ya alama ya reli #salmaandkim. Uwezo wake wa kuchanganya sanaa ya burudani na elimu ya urembo umemfanya kuwa mmoja wa brand influencers vijana wenye ushawishi mkubwa nchini Tanzania.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sanaa na Umaarufu wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/sanaa-na-umaarufu-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Sanaa na Umaarufu wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> == Biashara na Ujasiriamali == Baada ya kukamilisha masomo yake ya Stashahada ya Tiba na Afya ya Ngozi, Salma aliamua kutumia taaluma yake kivitendo badala ya kutegemea ajira pekee.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Biashara na Ujasiriamali wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/biashara-na-ujasiriamali-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Biashara na Ujasiriamali wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> Alifungua duka kubwa la vipodozi (Cosmetics Store) linalofanya kazi kwa weledi wa kitiba. Duka hili linajikita katika kuuza bidhaa mbalimbali zilizothibitishwa kisayansi kushughulikia matatizo ya ngozi, kutoa tiba, na kudumisha afya ya ngozi. Kupitia duka hili, amefanikiwa kuunganisha umaarufu wake wa kidijitali na utaalamu wake wa kitaaluma, na hivyo kuwa mtoa huduma anayeaminika katika tasnia ya urembo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Biashara na Ujasiriamali wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/biashara-na-ujasiriamali-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Biashara na Ujasiriamali wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> == Angalia Pia == * [[TikTok]] * [[Ujasiriamali]] == Marejeo == [[Jamii:wanawake wa Tanzania]] 2w6mkksglasjcv2vln10oq839pvexiz 1612414 1612409 2026-11-01T14:28:06Z HAVA VYBZ 93561 Ubunifu wa Maudhui 1612414 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Salma Vybz.jpg|alt=Salma Vybz|thumb|Salma Vybz]] '''Hawa Tamimu Ally''' (anajulikana zaidi mtandaoni kama '''Salma Vybz''' na sasa kama '''HAVA VYBZ'''; amezaliwa 7 Oktoba 2003) ni mjasiriamali, mtaalamu wa tiba ya ngozi (aesthetician), na mtayarishaji wa maudhui ya kidijitali kutoka nchini [[Tanzania]]. Anafahamika sana kwa ubunifu wake katika tasnia ya sanaa ya maudhui ya mtandaoni, hususan kwa kufanya maudhui ya kimahusiano na mtengeneza maudhui pamoja na uwekezaji wake mkubwa kwenye sekta ya urembo na afya ya ngozi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wasifu wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/wasifu-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Wasifu wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="undefined" |'''Hawa Tamimu Ally''' ! colspan="undefined" | |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Jina la Kuzaliwa''' | colspan="undefined" |Hawa Tamimu Ally |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Majina Mengine''' | colspan="undefined" |Salma Vybz,HAVA VYBZ |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Tarehe ya Kuzaliwa''' | colspan="undefined" |7 Oktoba 2003 |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Mahali pa Kuzaliwa''' | colspan="undefined" |Tanzania 🇹🇿 |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Elimu''' | colspan="undefined" |Stashahada ya Tiba na Afya ya Ngozi |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Kazi''' | colspan="undefined" |Mjasiriamali, mtaalamu wa tiba ya ngozi & mtayarishaji wa maudhui |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Anafahamika kwa''' | colspan="undefined" |Maudhui ya kidijitali na ujasiriamali wa urembo |} ---- == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Salma Vybz alizaliwa na kulelewa nchini [[Tanzania]]. Alionyesha nia ya mapema katika masuala ya urembo na afya, jambo lililomfanya kujiunga na masomo ya juu ya afya ambapo alihitimu na kutuzwa Stashahada (Diploma) ya Masuala ya Tiba na Afya ya Ngozi (Dermatology and Aesthetic Medicine). Elimu hii imekuwa nguzo kuu katika biashara zake na maudhui anayozalisha.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tazama elimu ya Salma vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/tazama-elimu-ya-salma-vybz.html|work=Tazama elimu ya Salma vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> == Sanaa na Umaarufu == Salma Vybz alipata umaarufu mkubwa kupitia mitandao ya kijamii kama vile [[TikTok]] na [[Instagram]], ambapo mtindo wake wa kipekee wa uwasilishaji ulimvutia melfu ya wafuasi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sanaa na Umaarufu wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/sanaa-na-umaarufu-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Sanaa na Umaarufu wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> === Ubunifu wa Maudhui === Sanaa yake mtandaoni inajikita zaidi katika maudhui ya mtindo wa maisha (lifestyle), urembo, na maudhui ya kubuni ya kimahusiano kwa ajili ya burudani. HAVA VYBZ alijulikana kwa ubunifu wake wa kutengeneza maudhui ya kuigiza ya mahusiano yaliyovutia watazamaji wengi mitandaoni. Hii ni kazi yake kama mtayarishaji wa maudhui wa kulipwa, na ni tofauti na maisha yake binafsi. Katika maisha yake ya kweli nje ya mitandao, HAVA VYBZ ambaye zamani alijulikana kama Salma Vybz, ana mpenzi wake wa faragha na anapendelea kutenganisha kazi zake za mtandaoni na mahusiano yake halisi. Uwezo wake wa kuchanganya sanaa ya burudani na elimu ya urembo umemfanya kuwa mmoja wa brand influencers vijana wenye ushawishi mkubwa nchini Tanzania..<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sanaa na Umaarufu wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/sanaa-na-umaarufu-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Sanaa na Umaarufu wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> == Biashara na Ujasiriamali == Baada ya kukamilisha masomo yake ya Stashahada ya Tiba na Afya ya Ngozi, Salma aliamua kutumia taaluma yake kivitendo badala ya kutegemea ajira pekee.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Biashara na Ujasiriamali wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/biashara-na-ujasiriamali-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Biashara na Ujasiriamali wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> Alifungua duka kubwa la vipodozi (Cosmetics Store) linalofanya kazi kwa weledi wa kitiba. Duka hili linajikita katika kuuza bidhaa mbalimbali zilizothibitishwa kisayansi kushughulikia matatizo ya ngozi, kutoa tiba, na kudumisha afya ya ngozi. Kupitia duka hili, amefanikiwa kuunganisha umaarufu wake wa kidijitali na utaalamu wake wa kitaaluma, na hivyo kuwa mtoa huduma anayeaminika katika tasnia ya urembo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Biashara na Ujasiriamali wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/biashara-na-ujasiriamali-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Biashara na Ujasiriamali wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> == Angalia Pia == * [[TikTok]] * [[Ujasiriamali]] == Marejeo == [[Jamii:wanawake wa Tanzania]] smcdmm3pa1cszu2i11tz7p8rtkrr3ib 1612423 1612414 2026-11-01T14:42:44Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Ni kama kujitangaza 1612423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{umaarufu}} [[Faili:Salma Vybz.jpg|alt=Salma Vybz|thumb|Salma Vybz]] '''Hawa Tamimu Ally''' (anajulikana zaidi mtandaoni kama '''Salma Vybz''' na sasa kama '''HAVA VYBZ'''; amezaliwa 7 Oktoba 2003) ni mjasiriamali, mtaalamu wa tiba ya ngozi (aesthetician), na mtayarishaji wa maudhui ya kidijitali kutoka nchini [[Tanzania]]. Anafahamika sana kwa ubunifu wake katika tasnia ya sanaa ya maudhui ya mtandaoni, hususan kwa kufanya maudhui ya kimahusiano na mtengeneza maudhui pamoja na uwekezaji wake mkubwa kwenye sekta ya urembo na afya ya ngozi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wasifu wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/wasifu-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Wasifu wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="undefined" |'''Hawa Tamimu Ally''' ! colspan="undefined" | |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Jina la Kuzaliwa''' | colspan="undefined" |Hawa Tamimu Ally |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Majina Mengine''' | colspan="undefined" |Salma Vybz, HAVA VYBZ |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Tarehe ya Kuzaliwa''' | colspan="undefined" |7 Oktoba 2003 |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Mahali pa Kuzaliwa''' | colspan="undefined" |Tanzania |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Elimu''' | colspan="undefined" |Stashahada ya Tiba na Afya ya Ngozi |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Kazi''' | colspan="undefined" |Mjasiriamali, mtaalamu wa tiba ya ngozi & mtayarishaji wa maudhui |- | colspan="undefined" |'''Anafahamika kwa''' | colspan="undefined" |Maudhui ya kidijiti na ujasiriamali wa urembo |} ---- == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Salma Vybz alizaliwa na kulelewa nchini [[Tanzania]]. Alionyesha nia ya mapema katika masuala ya urembo na afya, jambo lililomfanya kujiunga na masomo ya juu ya afya ambapo alihitimu na kutuzwa Stashahada (Diploma) ya Masuala ya Tiba na Afya ya Ngozi (Dermatology and Aesthetic Medicine). Elimu hii imekuwa nguzo kuu katika biashara zake na maudhui anayozalisha.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tazama elimu ya Salma vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/tazama-elimu-ya-salma-vybz.html|work=Tazama elimu ya Salma vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> == Sanaa na Umaarufu == Salma Vybz alipata umaarufu mkubwa kupitia mitandao ya kijamii kama vile [[TikTok]] na [[Instagram]], ambapo mtindo wake wa kipekee wa uwasilishaji ulimvutia melfu ya wafuasi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sanaa na Umaarufu wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/sanaa-na-umaarufu-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Sanaa na Umaarufu wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> === Ubunifu wa Maudhui === Sanaa yake mtandaoni inajikita zaidi katika maudhui ya mtindo wa maisha (lifestyle), urembo, na maudhui ya kubuni ya kimahusiano kwa ajili ya burudani. HAVA VYBZ alijulikana kwa ubunifu wake wa kutengeneza maudhui ya kuigiza ya mahusiano yaliyovutia watazamaji wengi mitandaoni. Hii ni kazi yake kama mtayarishaji wa maudhui wa kulipwa, na ni tofauti na maisha yake binafsi. Katika maisha yake ya kweli nje ya mitandao, HAVA VYBZ ambaye zamani alijulikana kama Salma Vybz, ana mpenzi wake wa faragha na anapendelea kutenganisha kazi zake za mtandaoni na mahusiano yake halisi. Uwezo wake wa kuchanganya sanaa ya burudani na elimu ya urembo umemfanya kuwa mmoja wa brand influencers vijana wenye ushawishi mkubwa nchini Tanzania..<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sanaa na Umaarufu wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/sanaa-na-umaarufu-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Sanaa na Umaarufu wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> == Biashara na Ujasiriamali == Baada ya kukamilisha masomo yake ya Stashahada ya Tiba na Afya ya Ngozi, Salma aliamua kutumia taaluma yake kivitendo badala ya kutegemea ajira pekee.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Biashara na Ujasiriamali wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/biashara-na-ujasiriamali-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Biashara na Ujasiriamali wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> Alifungua duka kubwa la vipodozi (Cosmetics Store) linalofanya kazi kwa weledi wa kitiba. Duka hili linajikita katika kuuza bidhaa mbalimbali zilizothibitishwa kisayansi kushughulikia matatizo ya ngozi, kutoa tiba, na kudumisha afya ya ngozi. Kupitia duka hili, amefanikiwa kuunganisha umaarufu wake wa kidijitali na utaalamu wake wa kitaaluma, na hivyo kuwa mtoa huduma anayeaminika katika tasnia ya urembo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Biashara na Ujasiriamali wa Salma Vybz|url=https://raymastory.blogspot.com/2026/09/biashara-na-ujasiriamali-wa-salma-vybz.html|work=Biashara na Ujasiriamali wa Salma Vybz|accessdate=2026-09-23}}</ref> == Angalia Pia == * [[TikTok]] * [[Ujasiriamali]] == Marejeo == [[Jamii:wanawake wa Tanzania]] 1uf57vpuzo5ckhrf69ia5wzjtdobw9x 0 251249 1612386 1600993 2026-11-01T13:29:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612386 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatou Sow''', aliyezaliwa mwaka wa 1940 huko [[Dakar]], ni mwanasosholojia Msenegal , mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake , na mtafiti wa masuala ya jinsia barani Afrika . == Wasifu == Baada ya [[Senegal|uhuru wa Senegal]], alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza kujiunga ,a chuo kikuu.Alitetea tasniifu yake kuhusu wasomi wa senegal , kisha akaendelea na utafiti wake wa sosholojia<ref name=":0">{{Rejea jarida |last=Locoh |first=Thérèse |last2=Puech |first2=Isabelle |date=2008-12-03 |title=Fatou Sow. Les défis d'une féministe en Afrique |url=https://www.cairn.info/revue-travail-genre-et-societes-2008-2-page-5.htm |journal=Travail, genre et sociétés |language=fr |volume=Nº 20 |issue=2 |page=5–22 |doi=10.3917/tgs.020.0005 |issn=1294-6303 |access-date=2018-02-17}}</ref> == Kazi == Fatou Sow anakuwa mwalimu katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Cheikh Anta Diop]] huko [[Dakar]] . Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980, aliunda programu ya elimu ya jinsia katika Baraza la Maendeleo ya Utafiti wa Sayansi ya Jamii barani Afrika . Mnamo 1999, aliandaa Kongamano la pili la Kimataifa la Utafiti wa kifeministi katika Lugha ya Kifaransa.<ref name=":0" /> Mnamo 1993, alikuwa mtafiti katika [[Kituo cha Ufaransa cha utafiti wa kisayansi|CNRS]], katika Chuo Kikuu cha Paris-Diderot, ndani ya maabara " Jamii inayoendelea katika nafasi na wakati ", iliyoanzishwa na Catherine Coquery-Vidrovitch.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=CEDREF : Centre d’Enseignement, de Documentation et de Recherches pour les Etudes Féministes|url=http://www.cedref.univ-paris7.fr/Sow-Fatou|accessdate=2018-02-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180217202903/http://www.cedref.univ-paris7.fr/Sow-Fatou|archivedate=2018-02-17|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alichangia kuimarisha masuala ya kijinsia katika taasisi na vyuo vikuu vya utafiti vya Kiafrika, na kuongeza uelewa kuhusu vyama vya wanawake wa Kiafrika na matarajio yao. Pia inaendeleza ushirikiano na vyuo vikuu vya Marekani.<ref name=":0" /> Mbali na kazi yake ya utafiti, yeye ni mratibu wa Mtandao wa Wanawake Wanaoishi Chini ya Sheria za Kiislamu kwa [[Afrika ya Magharibi|Afrika Magharibi]] <ref name=":0" /> na wa Development Alternatives with Women for a New Era (ndani), shirika linaloingilia kati taasisi za kimataifa.<ref name=":1" /> == Kazi == * ''Jinsia, Jinsia na Jamii : kuzalisha sayansi ya kijamii ya Kiafrika'', A. Imamu, A. Mama, F. Sow (mhariri), toleo la Kifaransa na Fatou Sow wa ''Engendering African social sciences'', Dakar, CODESRIA/Karthala, 2002 * ''Ubadilishaji wa utawala'', toleo la Kifaransa na Fatou Sow la ''Marketisation of Governance'', Viviene Taylor (mh.), Paris, DAWN-L'Harmattan, 2002 * ''Mwili wetu, afya yetu : Afya ya wanawake na ujinsia katika Afrika Kusini mwa Jangwa la Sahara'', Fatou Sow na Codou Bop (wahariri), Paris, L'Harmattan, 2004 * " Wanawake, Serikali, na Takatifu ", katika ''Uislamu wa Kisiasa katika Afrika Kusini mwa Jangwa la Sahara.'' ''Utambulisho, mazungumzo na masuala'', M. Gomez-Perez (ed.), Paris, Karthala, 2005 * " Kufikiria kuhusu wanawake na [[Uislamu barani Afrika]] mbinu ya ufeministi ", mchango kwa ''Mama Afrika insha zilizotolewa kwa Catherine Coquery-Vidrovitch'', Paris, L'Harmattan, 2005 * " Kuhamasisha wanawake Afrika Magharibi ", katika ''Usawa wa Kijinsia.'' ''Kujitahidi kwa Haki katika Ulimwengu Usio na Usawa'', UNRISD, Geneva, 2005 == Vidokezo na marejeleo == [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Dakar]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] 3035ealdr7k9ljsfcb5b6hov9lcqgub 0 251679 1612481 1602167 2026-11-02T01:34:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612481 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacob Ernest Washington''' (alizaliwa [[16 Juni]], [[1981]]), anayejulikana kwa jina la kisanii '''Je'kob''', ni [[mwanamuziki]] wa [[Marekani]] wa [[hip hop]] ya [[Kikristo]] na muziki wa kisasa wa injili wa mijini.<ref name="Public Records">{{cite web|url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:V8G3-9HF|title=U.S. Public Records Index|author=Texas Birth Index|year=2002|publisher=Family Search|access-date=November 14, 2015}}</ref><ref name="CR Story Two">{{cite web|first=Mike|last=Rimmer|title=The Washington Projects: R&B hip-hop duo moving from Souljahz to Commanders|url=http://www.crossrhythms.co.uk/articles/music/The_Washington_Projects_RB_hiphop_duo_moving_from_Souljahz_to_Commanders/33283/p1/|publisher=[[Cross Rhythms]]|access-date=November 14, 2015|date=September 3, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260307121648/https://crossrhythms.co.uk/articles/music/The_Washington_Projects_RB_hiphop_duo_moving_from_Souljahz_to_Commanders/33283/p1/|archivedate=2026-03-07|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1981|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Marekani]] gho4q793b8crfh5h6tbtpdnz3bxz0d0 0 253473 1612462 1608726 2026-11-01T22:23:38Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Add 1 book for verifiability (20261101sim) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]) 1612462 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Allyson Mitchell''' ni [[msanii]] wa umaximalisti anayeishi na kufanya kazi huko [[Toronto]], anayejikita zaidi katika [[uchongaji]], usakinishaji na [[filamu]].<ref>{{cite news | first = Sarah | last = Milroy | title = Wild and woolly | date = 2005-09-23 | publisher = The Globe and Mail Inc. | url = https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/wild-and-woolly/article987087/ | work = The Globe and Mail | accessdate = 2014-02-04}}</ref><ref>[https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/feminist_art_base/gallery/allyson_mitchell.php Allyson Mitchell at Brooklyn Museum] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=McKay|first=Sally|title=Allyson Mitchell: the fluff stands alone: fuzzy, happy and flocked|url=https://archive.org/details/canadian-art_2004-06_21_2/page/46|journal=Canadian Art|date=Summer 2004|volume=21|issue=2|pages=46–49}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1967|}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 4rjbjzhau8ecxn5pn6vbxc9f8wa5vqb 0 255357 1612455 1609861 2026-11-01T21:29:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612455 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Htet Naung''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Myanmar aliyewahi kuwa [[mbunge]] wa Baraza la Wawakilishi (Pyithu Hluttaw) akiwakilisha Mji wa Lahe. Ni mwanachama wa Chama cha Ligi ya Kitaifa ya Demokrasia (NLD).<ref>[https://www.mypilar.org/sites/mypilar.org/files/related-file-upload/demographic_data_of_elected_candidates_2015_general_elections_mm_taf.xlsx "Demographic data of Elected Candidates. 2015 General Election".] {{Wayback|url=https://www.mypilar.org/sites/mypilar.org/files/related-file-upload/demographic_data_of_elected_candidates_2015_general_elections_mm_taf.xlsx |date=20240820151227 }} mypilar.org. EMReF. Retrieved 5 June 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.mypilar.org/sites/mypilar.org/files/related-file-upload/demographic_data_of_elected_candidates_2015_general_elections_eng_emref_3_jan_2017.xlsx "Demographics data of Elected Candidates. 2017. Eng".] {{Wayback|url=https://www.mypilar.org/sites/mypilar.org/files/related-file-upload/demographic_data_of_elected_candidates_2015_general_elections_eng_emref_3_jan_2017.xlsx |date=20221226080323 }} mypilar.Org. EMReF. Retrieved 5 June 2022.</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Won Hla alizaliwa tarehe 4 Septemba 1984 [[katika]] Mji wa Lahe, Myanmar. Yeye ni wa kabila la Wanaga. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Htet Naung ni mwanachama wa Chama cha Ligi ya Kitaifa ya Demokrasia. Katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa Myanmar wa mwaka 2015, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa Baraza la Wawakilishi, akiwakilisha Mji wa Lahe. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Myanmar]] sq3dq9307ubekddatbjb25vwwrq0aj2 0 255419 1612555 1610051 2026-11-02T11:57:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612555 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kyaw Htay''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Myanmar anayehudumu kama mjumbe wa [[Bunge]] la Wawakilishi (Pyithu Hluttaw), akiwakilisha Leshi Township. Yeye ni mwanachama wa Chama cha Ligi ya Kitaifa ya Demokrasia (NLD).<ref>[https://www.mypilar.org/sites/mypilar.org/files/related-file-upload/demographic_data_of_elected_candidates_2015_general_elections_eng_emref_3_jan_2017.xlsx "Demographics data of Elected Candidates. 2017. Eng".] {{Wayback|url=https://www.mypilar.org/sites/mypilar.org/files/related-file-upload/demographic_data_of_elected_candidates_2015_general_elections_eng_emref_3_jan_2017.xlsx |date=20221226080323 }} mypilar.Org. EMReF. Retrieved 5 June 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.mypilar.org/sites/mypilar.org/files/related-file-upload/demographic_data_of_elected_candidates_2015_general_elections_mm_taf.xlsx "Demographic data of Elected Candidates. 2015 General Election".] {{Wayback|url=https://www.mypilar.org/sites/mypilar.org/files/related-file-upload/demographic_data_of_elected_candidates_2015_general_elections_mm_taf.xlsx |date=20240820151227 }} mypilar.org. EMReF. Retrieved 5 June 2022.</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Won Hla alizaliwa tarehe 2 Desemba 1977 katika Leshi Township, Myanmar. Anatoka katika kabila la Naga. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Kyaw Htay ni mwanachama wa Chama cha Ligi ya Kitaifa ya [[Demokrasia]] (NLD). Katika uchaguzi mkuu wa Myanmar wa mwaka 2015, alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Bunge la Wawakilishi, akiwakilisha Leshi Township. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1977]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Myanmar]] 71fdej02a6indbsvbflwddbk5j0vcyj 0 255802 1612378 1610600 2026-11-01T13:06:13Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1612378 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kigezo:Vyanzo}} '''Zainab Abdulkadir Kure''' (aliyezaliwa [[tarehe]] 24 [[Novemba]] 1959) [[ni]] [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Nigeria]] aliyechaguliwa kuwa seneta wa jimbo la uchaguzi la Niger South, katika Jimbo la Niger, Nigeria. Alianza kushika wadhifa huo mwaka 2007 na kuendelea kuhudumu hadi mwaka 2015. Yeye ni mwanachama wa Chama cha Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). Mwaka 2021, aliteuliwa pia kuwa kiongozi wa chama hicho katika ngazi ya jimbo. Pia anashikilia cheo cha Sagi Raba Nupe, ambacho ni cheo cha heshima cha kimila kinachohusishwa na jamii ya Nupe nchini Nigeria. Marejeo [[Jamii:Mwanachama]] [[Jamii:Mwanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Nigeria]] 0zvu54ngzz1ab2cf6mdrzwgr0lrdi50 0 255919 1612380 1610778 2026-11-01T13:10:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1612380 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kigezo:Vyanzo}} '''Atakhebasken [1]''' Jina lake katika maandishi ya Kihieroglifu: Atakhebasken Kipindi cha kihistoria: Kipindi cha Tatu cha Mpito cha Misri ya Kale (1069–664 KK). Atakhebasken (pia anajulikana kama Akhetbasaken) alikuwa malkia wa [[Kinubi]] (Nubia) aliyeishi wakati wa Nasaba ya 25 ya Misri. Alikuwa Mke Mkuu wa Kifalme wa [[Farao]] [[Tohara|Taharqa]]. Mazishi Sehemu hii inaelekea kueleza mahali alipozikwa Atakhebasken na taarifa zinazohusiana na kaburi lake. Hata hivyo, maandishi uliyotuma yanaishia kwenye kichwa cha sehemu ya mazishi, hivyo maelezo mengine hayapo. Marejeo [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika Kusini]] bvxfzn72iim57mm9qqp89gae0qc6jvy 0 255923 1612467 1610783 2026-11-01T22:38:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612467 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ingrid de Kok''', anajulikana pia kama '''Ingrid Fiske''' (alizaliwa [[1951]]), ni [[mwandishi]] na [[mshairi]] kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]]. == Wasifu == Ingrid de Kok alikulia Stilfontein, mji wa uchimbaji [[dhahabu]] katika eneo lililokuwa likiitwa ''Transvaal Magharibi'' wakati huo. Alipokuwa na umri wa [[miaka]] 12, wazazi wake walihamia [[Johannesburg]]. Mwaka [[1977]], alihamia [[Kanada]], ambako aliishi hadi aliporudi Afrika Kusini mwaka [[1984]]. Ana mtoto mmoja wa kiume. Mwenza wake alikuwa ''Tony Morphet'', mhadhiri wa [[Chuo Kikuu|chuo kikuu]], [[mwanaharakati]] na mkosoaji wa fasihi na sanaa, alifariki mwaka [[2021]]. De Kok ni mwanachama wa jumuiya ya wasomi wa Chuo Kikuu cha [[Cape Town]], [[profesa]] mshiriki katika masomo ya nje ya chuo, na ni sehemu ya timu ya watu wawili inayobuni na kusimamia mtaala wa elimu ya umma isiyo rasmi, unaounda programu za masomo ya nje ya chuo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cape Town. Anajulikana sana kwa shairi lake “''Women and Children First''” (Wanawake na Watoto Kwanza), linalochunguza hali ya makundi haya mawili yaliyo katika mazingira hatarishi katika [[jamii]] inayotawaliwa na mfumo dume. De Kok amekuwa akiratibu programu za shule na za umma zinazolenga kukuza utamaduni wa kusoma.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ingriddekok.co.za/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260520012349/https://www.ingriddekok.co.za/ |archivedate=2026-05-20 |accessdate=2026-10-24 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>https://www.poetryinternational.com/en/poets-poems/poets/poet/102-5376_Kok</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwandishi}} ln38owhd306mufw93e028psufps0ul0 1612468 1612467 2026-11-01T22:42:59Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1612468 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ingrid de Kok''', anajulikana pia kama '''Ingrid Fiske''' (alizaliwa [[1951]]), ni [[mwandishi]] na [[mshairi]] kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]]. == Wasifu == Ingrid de Kok alikulia Stilfontein, mji wa uchimbaji [[dhahabu]] katika eneo lililokuwa likiitwa ''Transvaal Magharibi'' wakati huo. Alipokuwa na umri wa [[miaka]] 12, wazazi wake walihamia [[Johannesburg]]. Mwaka [[1977]], alihamia [[Kanada]], ambako aliishi hadi aliporudi Afrika Kusini mwaka [[1984]]. Ana mtoto mmoja wa kiume. Mwenza wake alikuwa ''Tony Morphet'', mhadhiri wa [[Chuo Kikuu|chuo kikuu]], [[mwanaharakati]] na mkosoaji wa fasihi na sanaa, alifariki mwaka [[2021]]. De Kok ni mwanachama wa jumuiya ya wasomi wa Chuo Kikuu cha [[Cape Town]], [[profesa]] mshiriki katika masomo ya nje ya chuo, na ni sehemu ya timu ya watu wawili inayobuni na kusimamia mtaala wa elimu ya umma isiyo rasmi, unaounda programu za masomo ya nje ya chuo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cape Town. Anajulikana sana kwa shairi lake “''Women and Children First''” (Wanawake na Watoto Kwanza), linalochunguza hali ya makundi haya mawili yaliyo katika mazingira hatarishi katika [[jamii]] inayotawaliwa na mfumo dume. De Kok amekuwa akiratibu programu za shule na za umma zinazolenga kukuza utamaduni wa kusoma.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.ingriddekok.co.za/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260520012349/https://www.ingriddekok.co.za/ |archivedate=2026-05-20 |accessdate=2026-10-24 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>https://www.poetryinternational.com/en/poets-poems/poets/poet/102-5376_Kok</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwandishi}} laqk3skq5da97jdy2rdwbcf24r9vyvf 0 256222 1612470 1611584 2026-11-01T23:09:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Add 1 book for verifiability (20261101sim) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]) 1612470 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā al-Kahhal''' (aliishi karibu na 1010 BK), aliyeitwa "mtaalamu wa macho" (''al-kahhal'') alikuwa tabibu bingwa wa macho wa Kiarabu anayejulikana na kuheshimiwa sana katika Kipindi cha Dhahabu cha Uislamu.<ref>{{cite web|last1=E.|first1=Mittwoch|title=ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā|date=24 April 2012 |url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/ali-b-isa-SIM_0513|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Griffin|first1=Rosarii|title=Education in the Muslim World: different perspectives|date=2006|publisher=Symposium Books Ltd|isbn=9781873927557|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=92ptCQAAQBAJ&q=%22Ali+ibn+Isa+%22&pg=PA30|language=en}}</ref> Alijulikana katika Ulaya ya kati kama Jesu Oculist, ambalo ni tafsiri ya Kiyahudi au ya Kilatini ya jina lake. Alikuwa mwandishi wa kitabu chenye ushawishi mkubwa cha ''Tadhkirat al-kahhalin'',<ref name="routledge">{{cite book|title=Routledge Revivals: Medieval Islamic Civilization (2006)|year=2018|publisher=Taylor & Francis|volume=2|isbn=9781351668132|chapter=Ophthalmology|editor=Josef Meri}}</ref> ambacho wakati mwingine hutafsiriwa kama ''Memorandum of the Oculists'', kitabu cha kina zaidi cha Kiarabu kuhusu magonjwa ya macho kilichoendelea kutoka enzi hizo. Kazi hiyo ilitokana na maandishi ya Hunayn ibn Ishaq, [[Galen]], na waandishi wengine wa awali na ilielezea kwa undani anatomia na magonjwa ya jicho, pamoja na matibabu na tiba kwa ajili ya magonjwa hayo.<ref name="routledge" /> Ibn 'Isa pia aliweka vielelezo michoro vya anatomia ya jicho ndani ya kazi hiyo.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Lin | first1 = Daren | year = 2008 | title = A Foundation of Western Ophthalmology in Medieval Islamic Medicine | url = http://www.uwomeds.com/uwomj/V78n1/A%20Foundation%20of%20Western%20Ophthalmology%20in%20Medieval%20Islamic%20Medicine.pdf | journal = UWOMJ | volume = 78 | issue = 1 | pages = 41–45 | access-date = 2011-06-14 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110717181439/http://www.uwomeds.com/uwomj/V78n1/A%20Foundation%20of%20Western%20Ophthalmology%20in%20Medieval%20Islamic%20Medicine.pdf | archive-date = 2011-07-17 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Kitabu hicho kilikuwa mwongozo mkuu wa fani ya magonjwa ya macho katika wakati wake. Ibn 'Isa alielezea na kupendekeza matibabu kwa ajili ya magonjwa mbalimbali ya macho. Alikuwa wa kwanza kuelezea dalili za Ugonjwa wa Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada.Ibn 'Isa aliainisha machozi kupita kiasi (epiphora) kama matokeo ya uchomaji uliokithiri wa pterygium, na alipendekeza matibabu ya epiphora kulingana na hatua ya ugonjwa huo – yaani matibabu katika hatua za mwanzo kwa kutumia vitu vyenye ukali kama vile chumvi ya amonia, shaba iliyoungua, na upasuaji wa ndoano kwa hatua sugu za epiphora. Upasuaji mwingine pia ulielezwa katika kitabu hicho. Huenda alirekodi kisa cha uvimbe wa mishipa ya damu ya kichwa (temporal arteritis) katika kitabu chake cha ''Tadhkirat''.<ref>{{cite journal | first1 = RT | last1 = Ross| title = From the Tadhkirat of Ali ibn Isa of Baghdad (c. 940-1010 AD) an ancient description of what may be temporal arteritis | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-neurology-neurosurgery-and-psychiatry_1988-04_51_4/page/528 | journal = Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry| year = 1988 | volume = 51| issue = 4 | pages = 528}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} 88hqrfwci6w2g73i5zda8vlw26jpivm 0 256307 1612377 1611759 2026-11-01T13:06:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1612377 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Banda_people_geographical_distribution,_an_African_ethnic_group.jpg|thumb|Uenezi wao.]] '''Wabanda''' ni [[kabila]] la watu wanaoishi hasa [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]], lakini pia [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Kamerun]] na [[Sudan Kusini]]. Wanakadiriwa kuwa 1,300,000 hivi. Awali waliathiriwa sana na [[Biashara ya watumwa|biashara ya utumwa]]. [[Lugha]] ya wengi wao ni aina za [[Kibanda]], mojawapo kati ya [[lugha za Kiubangi]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati|B]] [[Jamii:Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|B]] [[Jamii:makabila ya Kamerun|B]] [[Jamii:makabila ya Sudan Kusini|B]] 39f8eqehllltzdzae6jm385l3gizoaq 0 256320 1612381 1611780 2026-11-01T13:10:39Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1612381 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wamongo Twa''' ni [[kabila]] la [[Watwa]] ([[Wabilikimo]]) wanaoishi hasa [[kaskazini]] mwa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] wakiwa chini ya ulinzi wa [[Wamongo]]. Wanakadiriwa kuwa 14,000. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|M]] ai10nb4u3zx3uuuc8km5vw7jie4nbbz 0 256377 1612376 1611877 2026-11-01T13:05:42Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1612376 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wayaka''' ni [[kabila]] la [[watu]] wanaoishi hasa katika [[kusini]] [[magharibi]] mwa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], karibu na mpaka wa [[Angola]]. Wanakadiriwa kuwa 300,000 hivi. [[Lugha]] yao ni [[Kiyaka (Kongo-Angola)|Kiyaka]], ambayo ni kati ya [[lugha za Kibantu]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Y]] 9vh3tm203sgxduxjmly1end7kxmaygq 0 256381 1612379 1611891 2026-11-01T13:07:35Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1612379 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wagbaya''' (pia: '''Wagbeya, Wabaya''') ni [[kabila]] la [[watu]] wanaoishi hasa katika [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]], lakini pia [[Kamerun]], [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] na [[Sudan Kusini]]. Wanakadiriwa kuwa 1,200,000 hivi. [[Lugha]] zao ni za jamii ya [[Kigbaya]]. [[Dini]] yao ya kawaida ni [[Ukristo]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati|G]] [[Jamii:Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|G]] [[Jamii:makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kongo|G]] [[Jamii:makabila ya Kamerun|G]] [[Jamii:makabila ya Sudan Kusini|G]] 0y70d06uiapu4cp6g246m946qck3g1e 0 256382 1612374 1611892 2026-11-01T13:01:52Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1612374 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wahema''' (kwa lugha yao: '''Bahema''') ni [[kabila]] la [[watu]] wanaoishi hasa katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] ([[mkoa wa Ituri]]), waliotokwa [[Uganda]] miaka 200 iliyopita. Wanakadiriwa kuwa 160,000 hivi. [[Lugha]] zao ni [[Kilendu]] na [[Kihema]], ambazo ni kati ya [[lugha za Kibantu]]. [[Dini]] yao ya kawaida ni [[Ukristo]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|H]] [[Jamii:mkoa wa Ituri]] sxi4gpd9f1xixain4r2a6qv0dzcn6xg 0 256392 1612388 1611926 2026-11-01T13:47:28Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612388 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ime Akpan''' (amezaliwa [[27 Aprili]] [[1972]]) ni [[mwanariadha]] wa [[Nigeria]] aliyeshiriki katika [[riadha]], hasa [[mbio]] za mita 100 za [[kuruka viunzi]] (100 metres hurdles) kwa [[wanawake]]. Alishiriki katika [[Michezo ya Olimpiki]] mara moja, mwaka [[1996 KK|1996,]] na alishinda medali ya dhahabu katika Michezo ya [[All-Africa Games|All-Africa]] ya mwaka [[1991]] iliyofanyika [[:en:1993_NCAA_Division_I_Outdoor_Track_and_Field_Championships|Cairo, Misri.]] [[Akpan]] pia alikuwa mwanariadha bora wa kuruka viunzi (''All-American'') katika timu ya riadha ya Arizona State Sun Devils. Alimaliza nafasi ya pili katika mbio za mita 100 za kuruka viunzi kwenye Mashindano ya NCAA Division I Outdoor ya mwaka [[1993]].[https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-register-guard-ime-akpan-the-100-hu/192791438/]<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-register-guard-ime-akpan-the-100-hu/192791438/</ref> Kabla ya hapo, alikuwa pia ''[[All American Boys|All-American]]'' katika timu ya Utah State Aggies, ambapo alimaliza nafasi ya nne katika mbio za [[Mita ya mraba|mita 55]] za [[kuruka viunzi]] kwenye Mashindano ya NCAA Division I Indoor ya mwaka [https://www.ustfccca.org/records-lists/meet-history-by-event?gender=1&series=3368&event=51 1990.]<ref>https://www.ustfccca.org/records-lists/meet-history-by-event?gender=1&series=3368&event=51</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:wanariadha wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Waafrika Waishio Marekani]] f4pitzfq4wrcgskhx5cbisehs54xmzt 0 256400 1612391 1611982 2026-11-01T13:56:57Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612391 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sarah Maldoror''' (19 Julai [[1929]] – 13 Aprili [[2020]])<ref>https://www.publico.pt/2020/04/13/culturaipsilon/noticia/morreu-sarah-maldoror-pioneira-cinema-africano-1912082</ref> alikuwa mtengenezaji na mwongozaji wa [[filamu]] kutoka [[Ufaransa]] mwenye asili ya [[Ulaya]] na [[Guadeloupe]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa filamu yake ndefu ya ''Sambizanga'' (1972), inayohusu Vita vya Ukoloni vya Ureno vilivyopiganwa kati ya mwaka 1961 na 1974 nchini [[Angola]]. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Alizaliwa kwa jina la Sarah Ducados mwaka 1929 katika mji wa Condom, jimbo la [[Gers]], kusini-magharibi mwa Ufaransa. Alikuwa mmoja kati ya watoto wanne katika familia yao. Baba yake alikuwa Mfaransa mweusi kutoka Guadeloupe. Baada ya kifo cha baba yake Sarah akiwa bado mdogo, mama yake aliyekuwa mjane alikabiliwa na changamoto za kuihudumia familia yao kupitia kazi yake ya kufanya usafi katika nyumba za watu. Wakati mwingine, Sarah aliwekwa katika kituo cha kulelea watoto yatima ili apate matunzo<ref>https://www.voaportugues.com/a/sarah-maldoror-pr%C3%A9mio-de-cultura-e-artes-/5672847.html</ref>. == Kuhamia Paris == Kufikia miaka ya 1950, Ducados alikuwa amehamia [[Paris]], ambako alijihusisha na shughuli mbalimbali za kisanii. Alipokuwa akisomea sanaa ya maigizo, yeye pamoja na kundi la wanafunzi wengine weusi walianzisha kikundi cha maigizo kilichoitwa ''Les Griots''. Kikundi hicho kilifanya usomaji wa kazi za Aimé Césaire na kuandaa maonyesho ya tamthilia ya ''Huis Clos'', iliyoandikwa na Jean-Paul Sartre, pamoja na kazi za waandishi wengine kama vile Pushkin na Synge. Paris pia ilikuwa kitovu cha wanaharakati waliopigania uhuru wa nchi za Afrika. Katika kipindi hiki, Ducados alichagua jina la kisanii la Maldoror kutokana na kitabu cha mashairi cha ''Les Chants de Maldoror'', kilichoandikwa na Lautréamont, ambaye jina lake halisi lilikuwa Isidore Ducasse, mshairi wa Kifaransa na Uruguay. Mnamo mwaka 1956, alikutana na mshairi na mwanaharakati wa utaifa wa Angola, Mário Pinto de Andrade, aliyekuwa amesoma mjini Lisbon. Walifunga ndoa na kuwa washirika wa maisha yao yote. Mwaka 1958, Maldoror alimshawishi Jean Genet kuipa kampuni ya Les Griots haki ya kwanza ya kuigiza tamthilia yake mpya iliyoitwa ''Les Nègres''. Tamthilia hiyo iliongozwa na Roger Blin, ambaye alikuwa mwigizaji na mwongozaji wa maigizo. Hatua hiyo ilivutia hisia za wasomi na wasanii mbalimbali. Tamthilia hiyo ilipoanza kuonyeshwa mwaka 1959, gazeti la ''Le Monde'' liliielezea kuwa mojawapo ya kazi za kusisimua za msimu huo. Maldoror na Andrade kwa pamoja walielekeza shughuli zao za uanaharakati barani Afrika. Walialikwa nchini Guinea-Conakry na kiongozi wake mpya, Sékou Touré, ambaye alikuwa amechangia katika kupatikana kwa uhuru wa nchi hiyo. Andrade aliendeleza shughuli zake za kisiasa na kuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola (MPLA), ambapo pia alikuwa rais wake wa kwanza. Maldoror alikuwa amevutiwa na mashairi ya Usurialisti alipokuwa Paris na alipenda kuchunguza uhusiano kati ya wafuasi wa mkondo huo wa sanaa na wakomunisti wa Ufaransa. Akiwa Guinea, alipata ufadhili wa masomo ya filamu katika Taasisi ya Filamu ya Gerasimov, iliyokuwa ikijulikana pia kama Taasisi ya Maxim Gorky, mjini Moscow. Alisoma na kufanya kazi chini ya Mark Donskoi katika kipindi cha mwaka 1961 hadi 1962. Katika kipindi hicho pia alikutana na Ousmane Sembène, mwandishi maarufu kutoka Senegal ambaye baadaye alijulikana kama ''baba wa sinema ya kisasa ya Afrika''. Sarah Maldoror na Mário Pinto de Andrade walipata watoto wawili wa kike, Annouchka de Andrade, aliyezaliwa mjini Moscow mwaka 1962, na Henda Ducados Pinto de Andrade. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1929]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2020]] [[Jamii:waongozaji filamu wa Ufaransa]] 4hibqwu5e2rck8ocywswn80457ft84a 0 256409 1612392 1612001 2026-11-01T14:00:00Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612392 wikitext text/x-wiki '''PAC Omonia 29M''', inayojulikana pia kama '''Omonia 29M''' au '''ALS Omonia''', ni klabu ya [[mpira wa miguu]] ya [[Nikosia]], [[Kupro]]. Ilianzishwa mwaka 2018 na mashabiki wa AC Omonia waliopinga mabadiliko katika usimamizi wa timu hiyo. Klabu inaendeshwa kwa mfumo wa umiliki wa wanachama.<ref name="cyprusmail">{{cite web|url=https://cyprus-mail.com/2023/06/04/omonia-29m-the-fan-owned-cyprus-club-making-history|title=Omonia 29M: the fan-owned Cyprus club making history|author=Panayiotis Koulloupas|website=Cyprus Mail|date=2023-06-04|access-date=2026-10-30|language=en}}</ref> == Historia == === Kuanzishwa === Kuanzishwa kwa klabu kulitokana na uamuzi wa mwaka 2018 wa kukabidhi haki za usimamizi wa timu ya soka ya AC Omonia kwa mwekezaji Stavros Papastavrou. Baadhi ya mashabiki, wakiwemo wanachama wa kundi la Gate 9, walipinga uamuzi huo kwa sababu walitaka kuendeleza mfumo wa klabu inayomilikiwa na wanachama wake.<ref name="cyprusmail" /> Klabu mpya ilijulikana mwanzoni kama Omonia 1948 kabla ya kubadilishwa jina na kuwa Omonia 29M. Jina hilo linarejelea tarehe 29 Mei 2018, siku ambayo uamuzi kuhusu usimamizi wa timu ya AC Omonia ulitangazwa.<ref name="cyprusmail" /> === Kupanda madaraja === Omonia 29M ilianza kushiriki katika mashindano ya madaraja ya chini ya soka nchini Kupro. Kufikia mwaka 2023, ilikuwa imepanda hadi daraja la pili.<ref name="cyprusmail" /> Katika msimu wa 2023–24, klabu ilifanikiwa kupanda hadi ligi kuu ya Kupro kwa mara ya kwanza, na hivyo kupata nafasi ya kushiriki katika msimu wa 2024–25.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesc/cyp2024.html|title=Cyprus 2023/24|website=RSSSF|access-date=2026-10-30|language=en}}</ref> Baada ya kurejea daraja la pili, timu ilipata tena nafasi ya kupanda ligi kuu katika msimu wa 2025–26. Ilijihakikishia nafasi hiyo tarehe 19 Aprili 2026 baada ya kuifunga Doxa Katokopias mabao 5–1, ikiwa imesalia mechi moja kabla ya mwisho wa mashindano.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.24sports.com.cy/gr/sports/podosfairo/kypros/a-katigoria/omonoia-29-m/omonoia-29m-kai-karmiwtissa-xana-sta-megala-salonia|title=Ομόνοια 29Μ και Καρμιώτισσα ξανά στα μεγάλα σαλόνια!|website=24Sports|date=2026-04-19|access-date=2026-10-30|language=el}}</ref> == Umiliki na mashabiki == Umiliki wa wanachama ni sehemu muhimu ya utambulisho wa Omonia 29M. Kuanzishwa kwake kulihusishwa na msimamo wa mashabiki waliotaka klabu iendelee kuongozwa kwa ushiriki wa wanachama badala ya kuwa chini ya mwekezaji mmoja. Kundi la Gate 9 lilikuwa na nafasi muhimu katika kuanzishwa na kuungwa mkono kwa klabu hiyo.<ref name="cyprusmail" /> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://o29m.com/ Tovuti rasmi] (kwa Kigiriki) [[Jamii:Nikosia]] s5ihdavlj5f4n6hz4rbm3vswxm743s6 0 256410 1612394 1612002 2026-11-01T14:04:03Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612394 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Koscina Ferroviere 2.png|thumb|Sylva Koscina]] '''Sylva Koscina''' (kwa [[Kiitalia]]: [ˈsilva ˈkɔʃʃina]; jina la kuzaliwa kwa [[Kikroatia]: '''Silvija Košćina''', [sǐlvija kǒʃtɕina]; [[22 Agosti]] [[1933]] – [[26 Desemba]] [[1994]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Italia]] aliyezaliwa [[Yugoslavia]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa nafasi yake ya Iole, mchumba wa Hercules (Steve Reeves), katika filamu za ''Hercules'' (1958) na ''Hercules Unchained'' (1960). Pia aliigiza kama [[mwanamke]] aliyekuwa na uhusiano wa kimapenzi na Paul Newman katika filamu ya ''The Secret War of Harry Frigg'' (1968). == Maisha ya awali == Baba yake alikuwa [[Mgiriki]] na mmiliki wa hoteli katika eneo la “West Coast” mjini Split, huku mama yake akiwa na asili ya [[Kipolandi]]. Wakati wa [[Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]], alipokuwa katika umri wa kabla ya ujana, Košćina alipelekwa Italia ili kuishi na dada yake, ambaye alikuwa ameolewa na raia wa Italia.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0466977/</ref><ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituaries-sylva-koscina-1388934.html</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1994]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Italia]] 1n6aj3c8htxi8gr7whz94kqx5odctkc 0 256426 1612397 1612113 2026-11-01T14:07:41Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book | jina = Moi, le dernier Tutsi | image = [[Picha:Moi, le dernier Tutsi.jpg|200px]]<br />Kitabu kwenye kumbukumbu ya mauaji ya kimbari huko Mayunzwe | mwandishi = Charles Habonimana<br />Daniel Le Scornet | nchi = [[Ufaransa]] | lugha = [[Kifaransa]] | aina = Ushuhuda | mchapishaji = Plon | tarehe ya kuchapishwa = 21 Machi 2019 | kurasa = 304 }} '''''Moi, le dernier Tutsi''''' (kwa [[Kiswahili]]: ''Mimi, Mtutsi wa mwisho'') ni [[kitabu]] cha ushuhuda. Kiliandikwa na Charles Habonimana pamoja na Daniel Le Scornet. Kilichapishwa mwaka 2019 nchini [[Ufaransa]] na shirika la uchapishaji Plon. Kitabu kinasimulia maisha ya mwandishi wakati wa [[Mauaji ya kimbari ya Rwanda]] dhidi ya Watutsi mwaka 1994. Wakati huo, Charles Habonimana alikuwa na umri wa miaka 12. == Yaliyomo == Charles Habonimana alizaliwa mwaka 1982 huko Mayunzwe, kusini mwa [[Rwanda]].<ref name="gc2019">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://legrandcontinent.eu/fr/2019/04/13/moi-le-dernier-des-tutsis/ |title=Moi, le dernier Tutsi |website=Le Grand Continent |author=Camille Stuckel |date=2019-04-13 |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 1994 alikuwa na umri wa miaka 12.<ref name="ja">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/757539/societe/charles-habonimana-je-nai-oublie-ni-les-bruits-ni-les-mots-ni-les-images-du-genocide-des-tutsi/ |title=Charles Habonimana : « Je n'ai oublié ni les bruits, ni les mots, ni les images du génocide des Tutsi » |website=Jeune Afrique |date=2019-04-02 |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 19 Aprili 1994, [[Theodore Sindikubwabo|Théodore Sindikubwabo]] alitoa hotuba huko [[Butare]]. Kitabu kinazungumzia hotuba hiyo. Baada ya hotuba hiyo, majirani Wahutu walianza kuwaua Watutsi.<ref name="ja" /> Tarehe 24 Aprili 1994, wauaji walimuua baba yake, Célestin, mbele ya macho yake. Walimuua pia Fidel, ndugu wa familia. Mama yake, Odette, na ndugu zake saba waliuawa pia.<ref name="ja" /> Sebuhuku alikuwa kiongozi wa wauaji kijijini. Sebuhuku aliamua kwamba Charles asiuawe mara moja. Alitaka Charles awe « Mtutsi wa mwisho ». Charles angeuawa baada ya Watutsi wengine wote wa eneo hilo.<ref name="ja" /><ref name="gc2024">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://legrandcontinent.eu/fr/2024/04/07/la-genocide-des-tutsi-au-rwanda-une-liste-de-lectures/ |title=Le génocide des Tutsi au Rwanda : une liste de lectures |website=Le Grand Continent |author1=Florian Louis |author2=Anthony Guyon |date=2024-04-07 |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=fr}}</ref> Sebuhuku aliua familia ya Charles. Lakini Sebuhuku pia alikuwa mlinzi wa Charles. Francine, mke wa Sebuhuku, alimlinda Charles kadiri alivyoweza.<ref name="ja" /> Charles alinusurika mauaji ya kimbari. == Uandishi == Kwa miaka mingi, Charles alitoa ushuhuda wake kwa mdomo katika mikutano duniani kote. Mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 2000, alianza kuandika ushuhuda wake kwa [[Kinyarwanda]]. Mwishoni mwa mwaka 2016, alikutana na Daniel Le Scornet nchini Ufaransa. Wawili hao waliamua kuandika kitabu kwa [[Kifaransa]].<ref name="ja" /> == Uchapishaji == Kitabu kilichapishwa na Plon tarehe 21 Machi 2019.<ref name="plon">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lisez.com/livre-grand-format/moi-le-dernier-tutsi/9782259277198 |title=Moi, le dernier Tutsi |website=Lisez ! (Plon) |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 23 Aprili 2019, Charles Habonimana alizindua kitabu jijini [[Kigali]].<ref name="nt">{{Rejea habari |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/166015/News/kwibuka-25-the-genocide-through-the-eyes-of-a-12-year-old |title=Kwibuka 25: the Genocide through the eyes of a 12-year-old |work=The New Times |author=Eugene Kwibuka |date=2019-04-24 |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=en}}</ref> Mwezi Aprili 2019 pia, gazeti la ''Jeune Afrique'' lilifanya mahojiano na Charles Habonimana kuhusu kitabu chake.<ref name="ja" /> Tarehe 22 Oktoba 2020, Pocket ilichapisha toleo jipya la kitabu.<ref name="pocket">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lisez.com/livres/moi-le-dernier-tutsi/9782266300261 |title=Moi, le dernier Tutsi (Pocket) |website=Lisez ! |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 2024, jarida la ''Le Grand Continent'' liliweka kitabu hiki kwenye orodha ya vitabu vinavyopendekezwa kuhusu mauaji ya kimbari dhidi ya Watutsi.<ref name="gc2024" /> == Matoleo == * {{Rejea kitabu |author1=Charles Habonimana |author2=Daniel Le Scornet |title=Moi, le dernier Tutsi |location=Paris |publisher=Plon |year=2019 |isbn=978-2-259-27719-8 |language=fr}} * {{Rejea kitabu |author1=Charles Habonimana |author2=Daniel Le Scornet |title=Moi, le dernier Tutsi |location=Paris |publisher=Pocket |year=2020 |isbn=978-2-266-30026-1 |language=fr}} == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-kitabu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Moi, le dernier Tutsi}} [[Jamii:Vitabu]] [[Jamii:Fasihi ya Kifaransa]] [[Jamii:Mauaji ya kimbari ya Rwanda 1994]] 9pq3gw48rm142p8u17s4tjcq05nf4xd 1612398 1612397 2026-11-01T14:08:22Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1612398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox book | jina = Moi, le dernier Tutsi | image = [[Picha:Moi, le dernier Tutsi.jpg|200px]]<br />Kitabu kwenye kumbukumbu ya mauaji ya kimbari huko Mayunzwe | mwandishi = Charles Habonimana<br />Daniel Le Scornet | nchi = [[Ufaransa]] | lugha = [[Kifaransa]] | aina = Ushuhuda | mchapishaji = Plon | tarehe ya kuchapishwa = 21 Machi 2019 | kurasa = 304 }} '''''Moi, le dernier Tutsi''''' (kwa [[Kiswahili]]: ''Mimi, Mtutsi wa mwisho'') ni [[kitabu]] cha ushuhuda. Kiliandikwa na Charles Habonimana pamoja na Daniel Le Scornet. Kilichapishwa mwaka 2019 nchini [[Ufaransa]] na shirika la uchapishaji Plon. Kitabu kinasimulia maisha ya mwandishi wakati wa [[Mauaji ya kimbari ya Rwanda]] dhidi ya Watutsi mwaka 1994. Wakati huo, Charles Habonimana alikuwa na umri wa miaka 12. == Yaliyomo == Charles Habonimana alizaliwa mwaka 1982 huko Mayunzwe, kusini mwa [[Rwanda]].<ref name="gc2019">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://legrandcontinent.eu/fr/2019/04/13/moi-le-dernier-des-tutsis/ |title=Moi, le dernier Tutsi |website=Le Grand Continent |author=Camille Stuckel |date=2019-04-13 |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 1994 alikuwa na umri wa miaka 12.<ref name="ja">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/757539/societe/charles-habonimana-je-nai-oublie-ni-les-bruits-ni-les-mots-ni-les-images-du-genocide-des-tutsi/ |title=Charles Habonimana : « Je n'ai oublié ni les bruits, ni les mots, ni les images du génocide des Tutsi » |website=Jeune Afrique |date=2019-04-02 |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 19 Aprili 1994, [[Theodore Sindikubwabo|Théodore Sindikubwabo]] alitoa hotuba huko [[Butare]]. Kitabu kinazungumzia hotuba hiyo. Baada ya hotuba hiyo, majirani Wahutu walianza kuwaua Watutsi.<ref name="ja" /> Tarehe 24 Aprili 1994, wauaji walimuua baba yake, Célestin, mbele ya macho yake. Walimuua pia Fidel, ndugu wa familia. Mama yake, Odette, na ndugu zake saba waliuawa pia.<ref name="ja" /> Sebuhuku alikuwa kiongozi wa wauaji kijijini. Sebuhuku aliamua kwamba Charles asiuawe mara moja. Alitaka Charles awe « Mtutsi wa mwisho ». Charles angeuawa baada ya Watutsi wengine wote wa eneo hilo.<ref name="ja" /><ref name="gc2024">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://legrandcontinent.eu/fr/2024/04/07/la-genocide-des-tutsi-au-rwanda-une-liste-de-lectures/ |title=Le génocide des Tutsi au Rwanda : une liste de lectures |website=Le Grand Continent |author1=Florian Louis |author2=Anthony Guyon |date=2024-04-07 |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=fr}}</ref> Sebuhuku aliua familia ya Charles. Lakini Sebuhuku pia alikuwa mlinzi wa Charles. Francine, mke wa Sebuhuku, alimlinda Charles kadiri alivyoweza.<ref name="ja" /> Charles alinusurika mauaji ya kimbari. == Uandishi == Kwa miaka mingi, Charles alitoa ushuhuda wake kwa mdomo katika mikutano duniani kote. Mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 2000, alianza kuandika ushuhuda wake kwa [[Kinyarwanda]]. Mwishoni mwa mwaka 2016, alikutana na Daniel Le Scornet nchini Ufaransa. Wawili hao waliamua kuandika kitabu kwa [[Kifaransa]].<ref name="ja" /> == Uchapishaji == Kitabu kilichapishwa na Plon tarehe 21 Machi 2019.<ref name="plon">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lisez.com/livre-grand-format/moi-le-dernier-tutsi/9782259277198 |title=Moi, le dernier Tutsi |website=Lisez ! (Plon) |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 23 Aprili 2019, Charles Habonimana alizindua kitabu jijini [[Kigali]].<ref name="nt">{{Rejea habari |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/166015/News/kwibuka-25-the-genocide-through-the-eyes-of-a-12-year-old |title=Kwibuka 25: the Genocide through the eyes of a 12-year-old |work=The New Times |author=Eugene Kwibuka |date=2019-04-24 |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=en}}</ref> Mwezi Aprili 2019 pia, gazeti la ''Jeune Afrique'' lilifanya mahojiano na Charles Habonimana kuhusu kitabu chake.<ref name="ja" /> Tarehe 22 Oktoba 2020, Pocket ilichapisha toleo jipya la kitabu.<ref name="pocket">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lisez.com/livres/moi-le-dernier-tutsi/9782266300261 |title=Moi, le dernier Tutsi (Pocket) |website=Lisez ! |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 2024, jarida la ''Le Grand Continent'' liliweka kitabu hiki kwenye orodha ya vitabu vinavyopendekezwa kuhusu mauaji ya kimbari dhidi ya Watutsi.<ref name="gc2024" /> == Matoleo == * {{Rejea kitabu |author1=Charles Habonimana |author2=Daniel Le Scornet |title=Moi, le dernier Tutsi |location=Paris |publisher=Plon |year=2019 |isbn=978-2-259-27719-8 |language=fr}} * {{Rejea kitabu |author1=Charles Habonimana |author2=Daniel Le Scornet |title=Moi, le dernier Tutsi |location=Paris |publisher=Pocket |year=2020 |isbn=978-2-266-30026-1 |language=fr}} == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-kitabu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Moi, le dernier Tutsi}} [[Jamii:Vitabu]] [[Jamii:Fasihi ya Kifaransa]] [[Jamii:Mauaji ya Kimbari ya Rwanda 1994]] ifavwxu1cr1yyk8svyd3cpvu8i735ql 0 256429 1612399 1612029 2026-11-01T14:09:25Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612399 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Taylor''' (1757–1832) alikuwa mtaalamu wa macho, mkosoaji wa maigizo, mhariri mkuu na mwishowe mchapishaji wa magazeti, ambaye labda ni maarufu zaidi kwa kumbukumbu za kifo chake zilizoitwa ''Records of My Life''. == Maisha == Taylor alifundishwa na Dk. Crawford huko Hatton Garden kabla ya kuhudhuria shule huko Ponders End, [[Middlesex]]. Kama mjukuu wa mtaalamu wa macho wa Mfalme, ambaye pia aliitwa John Taylor, Taylor mdogo aliteuliwa kuwa mtaalamu wa macho kwa zamu yake, pamoja na ndugu yake, wakati wa utawala wa George III. Baadaye aliandika ukosoaji wa maigizo kwa ajili ya gazeti la ''The Morning Post'', na hatimaye akawa mhariri wake. Mabadiliko yake ya mwisho ya kazi yalikuwa katika sekta ya uchapishaji, aliponunua gazeti la ''True Briton'', na kisha ''The Sun'', gazeti lenye msimamo mkali wa Tory, mnamo 1813. ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1757]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1832]] [[Jamii:watu wa Uingereza]] emt926f2iut5hcie9r30nht7i177ceg 0 256455 1612400 1612073 2026-11-01T14:10:42Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612400 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ibn Aslam al-Ghāfiqī''' (alifariki 1165) alikuwa Mwarabu wa [[Al-Andalus|Andalusia]] mtaalamu wa macho na mwandishi wa kitabu cha ''The Right Guide to Ophthalmology'' (''Kitāb al-Murshid fi’ l-kuḥl''). == Kazi == Kitabu chake kinaonyesha kuwa madaktari wa wakati huo walikuwa na uelewa mpana na tata kuhusu hali za jicho na kope, ambazo walizitibu kwa taratibu mbalimbali za upasuaji, marhamu, na dawa za kemikali.<ref>{{cite web|title=Becker Medical Library - Muslim Medicine|url=http://beckerexhibits.wustl.edu/mini/muslim-medicine.html|access-date=14 June 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928051654/http://beckerexhibits.wustl.edu/mini/muslim-medicine.html|archivedate=2011-09-28|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasayansi}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1165]] [[Jamii:wanasayansi wa Hispania]] 7oh4heuu1gg1tl46pwvbb7mzrg375i6 0 256456 1612401 1612066 2026-11-01T14:11:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612401 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; background-color: #f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #7d7d7d; padding: 5px; float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; clear: right;" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; padding: 8px;" | Muziki wa Uganda |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; padding: 4px;" | Taarifa za jumla |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Asili: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Uganda]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Mitindo kuu: | style="padding: 3px;" | Kadongo kamu, kidandali, dancehall, afrobeat, hip-hop, R&B na muziki wa jadi |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Lugha kuu: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Kiluganda]], [[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswahili]], Kirunyankole na lugha za kanda |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Vituo vikuu: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Kampala]], [[Mbarara]], [[Jinja]] |} '''Muziki wa Uganda''' unajumuisha mfumo mpana wa sanaa unaojumuisha mila za asili za makabila zaidi ya 65 na mitindo ya kisasa ya kidijitali. Sekta hii ya burudani ina nguvu kubwa kiuchumi na kijamii nchini humo.<ref name="FaceMusic">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.face-music.ch/inform/poeple_uganda_en.html|title=Uganda the country and the people|work=Face Music|accessdate=26 Oktoba 2026|language=en}}</ref> == Muziki wa jadi kulingana na kanda == Muziki wa asili nchini Uganda unafanywa kwa ajili ya shughuli maalum za kijamii kama vile harusi, sherehe za kifalme, mavuno na vita.<ref name="FaceMusic" /> === Kanda ya Kati (Buganda) === Waganda ndio kabila kubwa zaidi nchini humo, na [[Kabaka wa Buganda]] amekuwa Mfadhili mkuu wa sanaa hii.<ref name="Afritorial">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://afritorial.com/tribe-the-baganda-ugandas-royal-kingdom-past-present/|title=Tribe: The Baganda, Uganda's Royal Kingdom, Past & Present|work=Afritorial|accessdate=26 Oktoba 2026|language=en}}</ref> Ngoma kama vile ''engalabi'' na ngoma za kifalme hutumika pamoja na vinubi vya ''ennanga'' na ''entongoli'', filimbi na gitaa la asili la ''kadingidi''. Dansi kuu za eneo hili ni pamoja na ''bakisimba'', ''nankasa'' na ''amaggunju''.<ref name="Otiso">{{Rejea kitabu|title=Culture and customs of Uganda|author=Kefa M. Otiso|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2006|page=128|isbn=9780313331480}}</ref> === Kanda ya Mashariki === Kanda hii inajumuisha makabila ya Bagwere, Basoga, Bagisu, Iteso na Jopadhola. Kila kabila lina ala zake za kipekee; kwa mfano, Basoga wanatumia xylophone ya ''mbeire'', Iteso wanatumia kinubi cha ''adungu'', na Bagwere wanatumia ''kongo''. Wasanii wa kisasa kutoka eneo hini ni pamoja na Racheal Magola na Maro. === Kanda ya Magharibi === Muziki wa Kinyankole na lugha za Magharibi ulipata umaarufu kitaifa kupitia wasanii kama Ray G, Allan Toniks, Sister Charity na Emily Kikazi. Ukuaji huu uliwezeshwa na vituo vya redio na televisheni kama vile Radio West, TV West na Crooze FM vilivyotoa jukwaa kwa wasanii wa kanda hiyo. == Muziki wa kisasa na utandawazi == === Kadongo kamu === Kadongo kamu (inayomaanisha "gitaa moja") ndio mtindo wa kwanza wa kisasa ulioibuka kutoka kwenye muziki wa jadi wa Kiganda. Ulipata umaarufu kuanzia miaka ya 1980 kupitia wasanii kama [[Herman Basudde]], [[Paulo Kafeero]], Dan Mugula na Fred Masagazi.<ref name="KadongoKamu">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://djerycom.com/genre?g=kadongo-kamu|title=Kadongo Kamu Musicians|work=DJ Erycom|accessdate=26 Oktoba 2026|language=en}}</ref> [[Philly Lutaaya]] pia alileta mapinduzi makubwa kupitia albamu yake ya ''Born In Africa'' na nyimbo zake za Krismasi zilizobaki kuwa mashuhuri. === Kidandali, Dancehall na Pop === Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1990, mtindo wa afro-ragga au ''Kidandali'' ulizaliwa na kuongozwa na wasanii kama [[Jose Chameleone]], [[Bobi Wine]], [[Bebe Cool]], Ragga Dee na Red Banton (aliyekuwa maarufu kwa wimbo "Noonya Money"). Wasanii hawa walichukua ushawishi wa muziki wa dancehall kutoka Jamaika na kuuchanganya na miondoko ya nyumbani.<ref name="MusicInAfrica">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://musicinafrica.net/magazine/popular-music-uganda/|title=Popular music in Uganda|work=Music In Africa|author=Achiro P. Olwoch|date=9 Februari 2015|accessdate=26 Oktoba 2026|language=en}}</ref> Katika karne ya 21, muziki wa Uganda umeingia kwenye soko la kimataifa kupitia majukwaa ya kidijitali. Wasanii kama [[Eddy Kenzo]] (aliyeshinda tuzo ya BET mwaka 2015) na kundi la Goodlyfe Crew (Radio & Weasel) wameufikisha muziki wa nchi hiyo katika anga za kimataifa. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} [[Jamii:Muziki wa Uganda| ]] [[Jamii:Muziki wa Afrika Mashariki]] iuswzcqu2cz5ronsa9zkzf8whwhsxxm 0 256458 1612403 1612080 2026-11-01T14:13:31Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612403 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; background-color: #f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #7d7d7d; padding: 5px; float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; clear: right;" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; padding: 8px;" | Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; padding: 4px;" | Taarifa za jumla |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Asili: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Mitindo kuu: | style="padding: 3px;" | Soukous, afrobeat, rock, pop, jazz na muziki wa jadi |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Ala zinazohusishwa: | style="padding: 3px;" | Sanza, mbela, ongo, ngombi na ieta |} '''Muziki wa [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]''' unajumuisha mitindo na miondoko mbalimbali. Muziki wa [[rock]] na [[pop]] kutoka Magharibi, pamoja na [[afrobeat]], [[soukous]] na mitindo mingine, imepata umaarufu mkubwa nchini kote. [[Mbira|Sanza]] ni ala maarufu sana inayotumika katika muziki huo. Wapigmi wana utamaduni tajiri na wa kipekee wa muziki wa asili. Mchanganyiko wa sauti nyingi na miondoko mbalimbali ni sehemu kuu ya muziki wao. Pia, muziki wa parapanda wa [[Wabanda]] umepata umaarufu nje ya eneo hilo kwa sababu ya mdundo wake unaofanana na [[jazz]]. Wambaka wanatumia ala ya pekee inayoitwa [[mbela]], iliyotengenezwa kwa tawi lililopinda na uzi uliovutwa pande mbili na kuwekwa mbele ya mdomo wa mwanamuziki. Uzi huo unapopigwa, mdomo hutumika kuongeza ukubwa na kubadilisha sauti. Ala zinazofanana na mbela wakati mwingine hutazamwa kama mababu wa zamani zaidi wa ala zote za nyuzi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/africa/central_african_republic/printable.htm|title=Lonely Planet World Guide &#124; Destination Central African Republic|website=www.lonelyplanet.com|accessdate=Apr 30, 2026}}</ref> Wimbo wa taifa wa Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ni "[[La Renaissance]]". Wimbo huu, ambao umekuwa wimbo wa taifa tangu mwaka 1960, uliandikwa maneno na [[Barthélémy Boganda]], Rais wa kwanza wa nchi hiyo, na muziki wake ukatungwa na [[Herbert Pepper]], ambaye pia alitunga wimbo wa taifa wa [[Senegal]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://nationalanthems.info/cf.htm|title=Central African Republic – nationalanthems.info|accessdate=Apr 30, 2026}}</ref> == Muziki maarufu == Muziki maarufu nchini Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati kwa ujumla unatokana na [[Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|muziki wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] au sehemu nyingine za Afrika. Hata hivyo, muziki wa Amerika ya Kusini, Ulaya, na pop ya Marekani pia unapendwa, pamoja na [[jazz]] na [[rock and roll]]. Hadithi za asili za Kiafrika pia ni maarufu sana, kama vile Panda.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Paillard |first=Boris |date=29 February 2024 |title=Central African music, in search of lost treasures |url=http://http//https%3A%2F%2Fpan-african-music.com%2Fen%2Fcentral-african-music%2F |access-date=23 August 2025 |website=Pan African Music |language=en-US}}</ref> == Muziki wa asili == === Muziki wa Wabanda === Watu wa kabila la [[Wabanda]] wametengeneza muziki wa kisasa kwa kutumia parapanda katika miondoko ya [[jazz]], ambao Shirika la [[UNESCO]] limeuita miongoni mwa "uvumbuzi mkubwa wa kimuziki wa karne yetu".<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.unesco.org/culture/cdmusic/html%5Feng/caf.shtml|title=UNESCO Collection of Traditional Music of the World: Central African Republic|website=www.unesco.org|accessdate=Apr 30, 2026}}</ref> Muziki wa asili wa Wabanda unajumuisha ''ongo'', aina ya parapanda iliyotengenezwa kwa mti au pembe ya [[swala]]. ''Ongo'' hutumika katika sherehe na tambiko, ikiwa ni pamoja na sherehe za jando na unyago za vijana, zikipigwa kwa pamoja katika vikundi vya parapanda kumi na nane.<ref>{{cite web|title=Banda Music of the Central African Republic - Sound Clip - MSN Encarta |url=http://encarta.msn.com/media_461532789/Banda_Music_of_the_Central_African_Republic.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829024455/http://encarta.msn.com/media_461532789/Banda_Music_of_the_Central_African_Republic.html|archive-date=2009-08-29|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Muziki wa Wabilikimo === [[Muziki wa Wabilikimo]] una muundo unaojirudia ukibadilika taratibu. Unategemea kurudiarudia vipindi vyenye urefu sawa, ambapo kila mwimbaji hugawa mdundo kwa kutumia sauti tofauti kulingana na aina ya wimbo. Mfumo huu wa kipekee wa muziki huunda mabadiliko yasiyo na mwisho. Wapigmi wenyewe hawajifunzi au kuutazama muziki wao kwa nadharia hizi za kitaalamu, bali hujifunza tangu wakiwa watoto wanapokua. Mitindo yao inajumuisha ''liquindi'' (upigaji wa ngoma majini) na ala kama kinubi cha [[ieta]], [[ngombi]] (kinubi cha bodi), na [[limbindi]] (uta wa nyuzi). == Marejeo == {{reflist}} ==Jisomee== *Abram, Dave. "Sounds From the African Rainforest". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), ''World Music, Vol. 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East'', pp 601–607. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. {{ISBN|1-85828-636-0}} *{{cite web|title=Banda Music of the Central African Republic - Sound Clip - MSN Encarta |url=http://encarta.msn.com/media_461532789/Banda_Music_of_the_Central_African_Republic.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829024455/http://encarta.msn.com/media_461532789/Banda_Music_of_the_Central_African_Republic.html|archive-date=2009-08-29|url-status=dead}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.ville-ge.ch/meg/musinfo_ph.php?what=pays=Centrafricaine,%20R%E9publique&debut=0&bool=AND Sampuli za sauti: Muziki wa asili wa Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati.] [[Musée d'ethnographie de Genève]]. {{DEFAULTSORT:Muziki Wa Jamhuri Ya Afrika Ya Kati}} [[Jamii:Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati| ]] [[Jamii:Muziki wa Afrika ya Kati]] 182uodje8t57dzqhcim5is9a44t9xsm 0 256459 1612405 1612079 2026-11-01T14:15:15Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612405 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; background-color: #f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #7d7d7d; padding: 5px; float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; clear: right;" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; padding: 8px;" | Muziki wa Chad |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Souffeur_du_Kanem.jpg|250px|Mchezaji wa ala za upepo kutoka Kanem wakati wa Tamasha la Dary nchini Chad]]<br /><small>Mpiga ala za upepo kutoka Kanem kwenye tamasha la Dary nchini Chad</small> |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; padding: 4px;" | Taarifa za jumla |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Asili: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Chad]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Mitindo kuu: | style="padding: 3px;" | Soukous, sai, pop na muziki wa jadi |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Ala zinazohusishwa: | style="padding: 3px;" | Kinde, hu hu, kakaki, maracas na ngoma za tradisheni |} '''Muziki wa Chad''', nchi ya [[Afrika ya Kati]] yenye makabila mbalimbali, una tofauti kubwa kwa sababu kila mkoa una aina yake ya kipekee ya muziki na dansi. Kwa mfano, watu wa [[punani]] wanatumia filimbi za ubao mmoja, wakati utamaduni wa zamani wa [[griot]] unatumia kinubi chenye nyuzi tano kinachoitwa [[Arched harp|kinde]] na pembe za aina mbalimbali. Eneo la Tibesti linatumia [[lute]] na [[fiddle]]. Vikundi vya wanamuziki wanaopiga pembe na parapanda, kama vile parapanda ndefu za kifalme zinazojulikana kama "waza" au "kakaki", hutumika katika sherehe za kutawazwa na sherehe nyingine za kitamaduni nchini Chad na [[Sudan]]. Wimbo wa taifa wa Chad ni "[[La Tchadienne]]," uliotungwa mwaka 1960 na [[Paul Villard (composer)|Paul Villard]] na [[Louis Gidrol]] kwa msaada kutoka kwa kundi la wanafunzi wa Gidrol. == Muziki maarufu == Baada ya kupata uhuru, Chad, kama nchi nyingi za Afrika, ilianza kutoa muziki maarufu uliokuwa na mtindo unaofanana na [[soukous]] ya [[Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://thephatplanet.com/music.ihtml?pid=7804&step=4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060513013339/http://thephatplanet.com/music.ihtml?pid=7804&step=4|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 13, 2006|title=The Phat Planet World Music|date=May 13, 2006}}</ref> Mitindo ya muziki maarufu nchini Chad inajumuisha [[sai music|sai]], inayotumia midundo kutoka kusini mwa nchi hiyo—mtindo huu ulipata umaarufu kupitia kundi lililoitwa [[Tibesti (band)|Tibesti]]. Makundi mengine yanajumuisha [[International Challal]] na [[African Melody]] za ukanda wa [[Sahel]], wakati wanamuziki wanajumuisha mpiga [[gitaa]] [[Ahmed Pecos]], aliyeathiriwa na muziki wa Sudan, na mwanamuziki wa Chad na Ufaransa [[Clément Masdongar]].<ref name=:0>{{cite web |url=http://www.cp-pc.ca/english/chad/arts.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061001212148/http://www.cp-pc.ca/english/chad/arts.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2006-10-01 |title=Listing |website= www.cp-pc.ca|access-date=2020-01-13}}</ref> == Muziki wa asili == === Muziki wa Teda === Watu wa [[Teda people|Teda]] wanaishi katika eneo linalozunguka [[Milima ya Tibesti]]. Muziki wao wa asili unatokana na ala za nyuzi za wanaume na nyimbo za wanawake. Ala za nyuzi kama vile [[keleli]] zinatumika "kuwakilisha" waimbaji wa kiume, kwani inaonekana haifai kwa mwanamume kuimba mbele ya mwanamke mzima.<ref>{{cite web|title=Traditional Music of the Republic of Chad - Sound Clip - MSN Encarta <!-- BOT GENERATED TITLE -->|url=http://encarta.msn.com/media_461564481/Traditional_Music_of_the_Republic_of_Chad.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829045323/http://encarta.msn.com/media_461564481/Traditional_Music_of_the_Republic_of_Chad.html|archive-date=2009-08-29|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Ala za muziki === Ala za kitamaduni za Chad zinajumuisha [[hu hu]] (ala ya nyuzi yenye kibuyu cha kusafirisha sauti), [[kakaki]] (parapanda ya bati), maracas, lute, [[Arched harp|kinde]] (kinubi cha upinde) na pembe za aina mbalimbali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.tchad.org/research/art.html|title=Virtual Chad: A look beyond the statistics into the realities of life in Chad, Africa|website=www.tchad.org}}</ref> Ala nyingine zinajumuisha muziki wa filimbi na ngoma za [[Kanembu people|Kanembu]] na [[balaphone]], filimbi, kinubi na ngoma za [[kodjo drums|kodjo]] za watu wa [[Sara people|Sara]], wakati watu wa [[Baguirmian]] wanajulikana kwa muziki wa ngoma na [[zither]], pamoja na ngoma ya asili ambapo mapigano ya mzaha hufanyika kati ya wacheza dansi wanaoshika mchi mikubwa.<ref name=:0/> == Tazama pia == *[[Chari Jazz]] (Kundi la muziki la Chad la miaka ya 1960) == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == *[http://gallica.bnf.fr/Search?ArianeWireIndex=index&lang=EN&q=tchad&p=1&f_typedoc=audio Klipu za sauti - muziki wa asili wa Chad.] Maktaba ya Taifa ya Ufaransa. *[http://encarta.msn.com/media_461564481/Traditional_Music_of_the_Republic_of_Chad.html MS Encarta, sampuli ya asili inayoweza kupakuliwa] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20090829045323/http://encarta.msn.com/media_461564481/Traditional_Music_of_the_Republic_of_Chad.html Imehifadhiwa]) {{DEFAULTSORT:Muziki Wa Chad}} [[Jamii:Muziki wa Chad| ]] [[Jamii:Muziki wa Afrika]] f2poucflafybqlh308o2vqy1urzfmug 0 256460 1612406 1612081 2026-11-01T14:16:21Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Viungo vya nje */ 1612406 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; background-color: #f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #7d7d7d; padding: 5px; float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; clear: right;" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; padding: 8px;" | Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Papa Wemba and Koffi Olomide, 1988.jpg|250px|Papa Wemba na Koffi Olomide wakitumbuiza mwaka 1988]]<br /><small>[[Papa Wemba]] na [[Koffi Olomide]], nguli wa muziki wa Soukous, wakitumbuiza mwaka 1988</small> |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; padding: 4px;" | Taarifa za jumla |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Asili: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Mitindo kuu: | style="padding: 3px;" | Rumba ya Kongo, soukous, ndombolo, maringa na muziki wa jadi |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Ala zinazohusishwa: | style="padding: 3px;" | Sanza (likembe), gitaa, ngoma za asili (tam-tam), lokole na pluriarc |} '''Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo''' unajumuisha mila na mitindo mbalimbali ya kitamaduni.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=87hiSNu_wHQC |title=Commodities and Globalization: Anthropological Perspectives |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=2000 |editor-last=Haugerud |editor-first=Angelique |location=Lanham, Maryland, United States |pages=34–49 |isbn=0-8476-9943-9 |language=English |editor-last2=Stone |editor-first2=Margaret Priscilla |editor-last3=Little |editor-first3=Peter D.}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |date=22 January 2022 |title=Beneath the rhythm, Congolese rumba is a link to the past |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/culture/2022/01/22/beneath-the-rhythm-congolese-rumba-is-a-link-to-the-past |access-date=22 August 2023 |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Muziki wa asili hutumika kwa burudani, kuwasilisha desturi, hisia, na maadili ya kijamii katika sherehe za kuzaliwa, ndoa, jando, na misiba.<ref name=":7">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Enyimo |first=Martin |date=6 August 2005 |title=Congo-Kinshasa: Instruments et cris traditionnels dans le folklore congolais |trans-title=Congo-Kinshasa: Traditional Instruments and Cries in Congolese Folklore |url=https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200508070001.html |access-date=29 July 2025 |website=[[Le Potentiel]] |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}}</ref> Miondoko ya Kikongo imekuwa na mchango mkubwa sana katika kuunda mitindo ya muziki barani Afrika na kwingineko.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Sohonie |first=Vik |date=12 November 2021 |title=Analysis: Musical Roots Run Deep in the Congo |url=https://www.theelephant.info/analysis/2021/11/12/musical-roots-run-deep-in-the-congo/ |access-date=29 July 2026 |website=The Elephant |language=en-US}}</ref> Muziki maarufu wa kisasa ulianza kukua sambamba na upanuzi wa miji katika miaka ya 1930, ambapo wasanii wa hapa walipata fursa ya kusikiliza mitindo ya kimataifa kama vile [[rumba ya Cuba]], [[jazz]], [[blues]], na [[highlife]].<ref name=":7" /> Katika miaka ya 1940 na 1950, ujio wa rekodi za muziki wa [[Cuba]] ulichochea kuzaliwa kwa mtindo maarufu wa [[Rumba ya Kongo]].<ref name=":223">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Mukuna |first=Kazadi wa |date=7 December 2014 |title=A brief history of popular music in DRC |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/brief-history-popular-music-drc |access-date=25 August 2023 |website=Music in Africa}}</ref> Kufikia miaka ya 1960 na 1970, rumba ilizalisha miondoko ya kasi kama vile soukous, na baadaye ndombolo mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1990.<ref name=":53">{{Rejea kitabu |last=Stewart |first=Gary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gKEHO1z413EC&q=Belgium+and+the+Congo+once+again+unimpeded,+a+Belgian+entrepreneur+named+Fernand+Janssens+had+come+to+L%C3%A9opoldville+with+a+portable,+direct-to-disc+recording+machine. |title=Rumba on the River: A History of the Popular Music of the Two Congos |date=17 November 2003 |publisher=[[Verso Books]] |isbn=978-1-85984-368-0 |pages=134–136}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu |last1=Falola |first1=Toyin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UOTNEAAAQBAJ&dq=Ndombolo+derived+from+soukous&pg=PT419 |title=Africa: An Encyclopedia of Culture and Society [3 volumes] |last2=Jean-Jacques |first2=Daniel |date=14 December 2015 |publisher=[[ABC-Clio]] |isbn=979-8-216-04273-0 |location=Santa Barbara, California, United States}}</ref> == Muziki wa asili na ala == Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo ina makabila yanayozidi 250 yaliyogawanywa katika makundi makuu manne ya lugha: Kibantu, Sudani ya Kati, Niloti, na Wapigmi.<ref name=":28">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Malu-Malu |first=Arthur |date=5 January 2026 |title=RDC: l'élément ethnique prend-il de l'ampleur dans le débat public? |trans-title=DRC: Is the ethnic element gaining prominence in the public debate? |url=https://www.makanisi.org/rdc-lelement-ethnique-prend-il-de-lampleur-dans-le-debat-public/ |access-date=10 February 2026 |website=Makanisi |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Kila kabila lina mila na ala zake za kipekee za kimuziki. Mbali na burudani, baadhi ya ala kama vile ngoma za ''lokole'' zilitumika kihistoria kuwasilisha jumbe za siri kati ya vijiji kupitia milio maalum.<ref name=":26">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Malonga |first=Samuel |date=10 September 2022 |title=Les instruments des musiques traditionnelles du Congo |trans-title=The Instruments of Traditional Congolese Music |url=https://www.mbokamosika.com/2022/09/les-instruments-des-musiques-traditionnelles-du-congo.html |access-date=22 August 2025 |website=Mbokamosika |language=fr}}</ref> === Ala za upepo (Aerophones) === Ala hizi zinajumuisha filimbi na parapanda zinazotengenezwa kwa vifaa vya asili kama mianzi, miti, na mimea yenye mashimo ndani. Filimbi za kuvukisha upepo na filimbi za puani zinatumika sana na makabila mbalimbali kama vile Shi, Hema, na Yanzi.<ref name=":26" /> === Ala za nyuzi (Chordophones) === Zinatengenezwa kwa nyuzi za asili kama vile nyuzi za raphia, magome ya miti, au waya wa chuma. Baadhi ya ala zinazojulikana ni pamoja na vinubi vya kupinda (arched harps kama ''kundi''), fimbo za muziki (stick zither), na uta wa muziki (musical bow).<ref name=":26" /> === Ala za kujitetemesha (Idiophones) === Ala maarufu zaidi katika kundi hili ni sanza (au likembe/thumb piano), ambayo inajumuisha kijisanduku cha mbao chenye vipande vya chuma au mianzi vinavyopigwa kwa vidole. Sanza imechukua nafasi kubwa katika kuhamasisha miondoko ya gitaa la pekee (solo guitar) katika muziki wa kisasa wa Kongo.<ref name=":26" /> Kundi hili pia linajumuisha maracas za kienyeji, kengele, na ngoma za mbao za ''lokole''.<ref name=":26" /> === Ngoma za ngozi (Membranophones) === Ngoma zinazotengenezwa kwa magome ya miti na ngozi ya wanyama (kama ng'ombe, mbuzi, au swala) huchukuliwa kama "mfalme" wa ala za asili. Zinatoa mdundo mkuu unaoongoza dansi katika sherehe na matukio mbalimbali ya kijamii.<ref name=":26" /> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/brief-history-popular-music-drc Brief history of popular music in DRC] - Music in Africa {{DEFAULTSORT:Muziki Wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} [[Jamii:Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo| ]] [[Jamii:muziki wa Afrika]] h97sxr04hxpjsckha0cute3fixyxmlk 0 256512 1612410 1612205 2026-11-01T14:24:48Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612410 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ognjen Dobrić''' (amezaliwa 27 Oktoba 1994) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa kikapu]] kutoka [[Serbia]]. Anachezea klabu ya Crvena zvezda na timu ya taifa ya Serbia. Ana urefu wa mita 2.00 na hucheza katika nafasi ya mlinzi mshambuliaji.<ref name="aba">{{cite web|url=https://www.aba-liga.com/player/2540/22/1/ognjen-dobric/|title=Ognjen Dobrić|website=ABA League|access-date=2026-10-31|language=en}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Dobrić alizaliwa katika mji wa [[Knin]], ambao leo uko nchini [[Kroatia]]. Alipitia mfumo wa vijana wa Crvena zvezda kabla ya kujiunga na FMP kwa msimu wa 2013–14.<ref name="aba" /><ref name="euroleague">{{cite web|url=https://admin.euroleague.net/competition/players/showplayer?pcode=004007&seasoncode=E2019|title=DOBRIC, OGNJEN|website=EuroLeague Basketball|access-date=2026-10-31|language=en}}</ref> == Kazi ya klabu == === FMP === Dobrić aliichezea FMP kuanzia msimu wa 2013–14 hadi mwisho wa msimu wa 2015–16. Baadaye alijiunga na kikosi cha wakubwa cha Crvena zvezda kwa msimu wa 2016–17.<ref name="euroleague" /> === Crvena zvezda === Katika kipindi chake cha kwanza na Crvena zvezda, kuanzia 2016 hadi 2023, Dobrić alishinda mataji manne ya Ligi ya ABA, mataji sita ya ligi ya Serbia, makombe manne ya Radivoj Korać na Super Cup moja ya ABA.<ref name="return">{{cite web|url=https://basketnews.com/news-209412-ognjen-dobric-returns-to-zvezda-after-one-year-break-in-italy.html|title=Ognjen Dobric returns to Zvezda after one-year break in Italy|website=BasketNews|date=2024-07-21|access-date=2026-10-31|language=en}}</ref> === Virtus Bologna na kurejea Belgrade === Katika msimu wa 2023–24, Dobrić aliichezea Virtus Bologna ya [[Italia]]. Mnamo Julai 2024, alirejea Crvena zvezda kwa mkataba wa miaka mitatu.<ref name="return" /> == Timu ya taifa == === Timu za vijana === Dobrić alikuwa mwanachama wa timu za vijana za Serbia. Alishinda medali ya fedha katika Mashindano ya Dunia ya wachezaji walio chini ya miaka 19 mwaka 2013 na medali ya shaba katika Mashindano ya Ulaya ya wachezaji walio chini ya miaka 20 mwaka 2014.<ref name="euroleague" /> === Kombe la Dunia la 2023 === Dobrić alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Serbia kilichoshinda medali ya fedha katika Kombe la Dunia la Mpira wa Kikapu la FIBA la 2023.<ref name="medals">{{cite web|url=https://mediacentre.euroleague.net/mediacentre/en/games/view/18449/yes|title=Dubai Basketball vs Crvena Zvezda — Game Notes|website=EuroLeague Media Centre|access-date=2026-10-31|language=en}}</ref> Katika nusu fainali dhidi ya Kanada, alifunga pointi 16 na kusaidia Serbia kufuzu kwa fainali.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/news/basketballworldcup-2023-news-serbia-s-unheralded-warriors-avramovic-davidovac-and-dobric|title=Serbia's unheralded warriors: Avramovic, Davidovac and Dobric|website=FIBA|access-date=2026-10-31|language=en}}</ref> === Olimpiki za 2024 === Katika Olimpiki za Majira ya Joto 2024 mjini [[Paris]], Dobrić alishinda medali ya shaba pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Serbia.<ref name="medals" /> Alicheza mechi sita katika mashindano hayo na kufunga jumla ya pointi 46.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/mens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/teams/serbia/198057-ognjen-dobric|title=Ognjen Dobric — Men's Olympic Basketball Tournament Paris 2024|website=FIBA|access-date=2026-10-31|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.fiba.basketball/en/players/198057-ognjen-dobric Wasifu katika tovuti ya FIBA] * [https://www.ognjendobric.com/index_en.html Tovuti rasmi] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1994]] [[Jamii:wachezaji wa Serbia]] tt3fb2slxqnjrox7cky6s8ggch1jbgf 0 256528 1612415 1612341 2026-11-01T14:29:14Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612415 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fabrice Lusinde wa Lusangi Kabemba''' (alizaliwa Machi 27, 1976) ni mhandisi na mtendaji wa biashara wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Akibobea katika usimamizi, usimamizi wa viwanda, maendeleo ya sekta binafsi, na masuala ya nishati, ameshika nafasi katika mashirika ya umma ya Kongo, taasisi za kimataifa, na makampuni ya ushauri. Ikumbukwe kwamba, alihudumu kama Naibu Mkurugenzi Mkuu na kisha Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Kampuni ya Kitaifa ya Umeme (SNEL SA). == Wasifu == === Elimu === Fabrice Lusinde ana Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sayansi katika Uhandisi na Usimamizi wa Viwanda (M.Sc.Eng.). Mafunzo yake ya awali yalikuwa hasa katika sayansi na kemia, akizingatia biokemia. Pia alibobea katika takwimu za nishati na uundaji wa modeli katika Shirika la Nishati la Kimataifa (IEA), na alipata mafunzo katika gridi ndogo na nishati mbadala katika Shirika la Nishati Mbadala la Kimataifa (IRENA). Pia alipata mafunzo kutoka kwa Kundi la Benki ya Dunia na SETYM International. == Kazi ya Kitaalamu == === Kamati ya Uendeshaji ya Mageuzi ya Biashara Zinazomilikiwa na Serikali === Fabrice Lusinde alianza kazi yake katika uwanja wa mageuzi ya biashara za umma katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Kati ya 2004 na 2009, alishikilia nafasi katika Kamati ya Uendeshaji ya Mageuzi ya Biashara Zinazomilikiwa na Serikali (COPIREP). Huko, alifanya kazi hasa katika masuala yanayohusiana na miamala, ununuzi, na usimamizi wa mikataba. Uzoefu wake katika COPIREP ulimfanya kushiriki katika urekebishaji wa biashara za umma. Alichangia sana miradi inayohusu Hoteli ya Grand Karavia huko Lubumbashi. Kazi katika Kampuni ya Kitaifa ya Umeme Naibu Mkurugenzi Mkuu Fabrice Lusinde kisha alijiunga na Kampuni ya Kitaifa ya Umeme (SNEL SA), kampuni inayomilikiwa na serikali inayohusika na uzalishaji, usafirishaji, na usambazaji wa umeme katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kong. Aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa SNEL mnamo Julai 2017 kwa amri ya rais. Alishikilia wadhifa huu kwa miaka kadhaa, akizingatia hasa masuala yanayohusiana na usimamizi wa viwanda na sekta ya nishati. Katika kipindi hiki, alishiriki katika shughuli mbalimbali zinazohusiana na usimamizi wa miundombinu ya umeme na kushughulikia changamoto za uendeshaji zinazokabiliwa na SNEL. Alihusika sana katika hali kadhaa za mgogoro zinazoathiri miundombinu ya umeme, ikiwa ni pamoja na athari za mafuriko kwenye baadhi ya vituo vya SNEL na ugumu wa usambazaji wa umeme katika miji kadhaa. == Mkurugenzi Mkuu == Mnamo Oktoba 10, 2022, Fabrice Lusinde aliteuliwa kuwa Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa SNEL SA kwa amri ya rais, akimrithi Bosco Kayombo. Hapo awali alikuwa naibu mkurugenzi mkuu katika kampuni hiyo hiyo. Uteuzi wake ulifuata mchakato wa uteuzi uliopangwa ndani ya mfumo wa COPIREP. Akiwa mkuu wa SNEL, aliwasilisha programu iliyolenga kupona kwa kampuni, kuboresha ubora wa huduma ya umeme, kuboresha miundombinu yake, na kuimarisha hali yake ya kifedha. === Kusimamishwa na Kurejeshwa === Mnamo Aprili 2023, Fabrice Lusinde akawa mada ya kesi za bunge kuhusu usimamizi wa SNEL. Kufuatia swali katika Bunge kuhusu ubora wa huduma ya umeme na usimamizi wa kampuni, Bunge lilipendekeza kufukuzwa kwake. Wabunge walimkosoa kwa matokeo yasiyotosha na ukosefu wa maono ya kutosha kwa kampuni. Mnamo Aprili 18, 2023, Waziri wa Nchi wa Kwingineko, Adèle Kayinda, alimsimamisha kazi zake kulingana na pendekezo hili [7]. Kusimamishwa huku baadaye kuliondolewa. Mnamo Juni 22, 2023, Waziri wa Biashara za Nchi alitoa amri ya kumrudisha Fabrice Lusinde kama Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa SNEL. Kwa hivyo aliendelea na wadhifa wake katika kampuni hiyo na kuendelea na muhula wake hadi 2025. === Usimamizi na Mageuzi katika SNEL === Chini ya uongozi wake, SNEL ilizindua mipango kadhaa inayolenga kuboresha shughuli zake na kuboresha utendaji wake. Miongoni mwa miradi iliyoangaziwa ni pamoja na mabadiliko ya kidijitali ya huduma fulani, haswa ukuzaji wa programu ya "SNEL & Me", iliyoundwa ili kurahisisha bili na malipo ya huduma za umeme. Mnamo 2024 na 2025, Fabrice Lusinde pia aliwasilisha mipango kadhaa kuhusu kupunguza deni, kuboresha mazingira ya kazi kwa wafanyakazi, kuboresha miundombinu, na kuongeza upatikanaji wa umeme. Mnamo Juni 2025, wakati wa kikao katika Bunge la Kitaifa, aliwasilisha mageuzi yaliyofanywa na SNEL na matarajio ya maendeleo ya kampuni. Kulingana na Shirika la Habari la Kongo, alionyesha kuwa nguvu kazi ya kampuni hiyo imeongezeka kutoka wafanyakazi 5,773 mwaka wa 2022 hadi 6,023 mwaka wa 2025 na kuripoti kupungua kwa kiasi kikubwa kwa deni la kampuni. Mwaka huo huo, alishiriki katika Wiki ya Nishati 2025, ambapo aliwasilisha vipaumbele vya SNEL vya kuboresha upatikanaji wa umeme na kuendeleza sekta ya nishati ya Kongo. === Mwisho wa muda wake katika SNEL === Fabrice Lusinde aliongoza SNEL hadi Septemba 2025. Kisha akabadilishwa kama Mkurugenzi Mkuu na Teddy Muba Lwamba, aliyekuwa Naibu Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa SNEL na Waziri wa zamani wa Rasilimali za Maji na Umeme. Hafla ya makabidhiano kati ya viongozi hao wawili itafanyika Septemba 25, 2025. Mrithi huu unaashiria mwisho wa muhula wa Fabrice Lusinde kama mkuu wa kampuni inayomilikiwa na serikali baada ya karibu miaka mitatu kama Mkurugenzi Mtendaji. === Utaalamu na Maeneo ya Utaalamu === Fabrice Lusinde anaelezewa katika hati za kitaalamu kama mtaalamu katika usimamizi, usimamizi wa viwanda, na maendeleo ya sekta binafsi. Uzoefu wake unajumuisha: * Usimamizi wa makampuni yanayomilikiwa na serikali; * Mageuzi ya makampuni yanayomilikiwa na serikali; * Usimamizi wa viwanda; * Sekta ya umeme; * Uendelezaji wa sekta binafsi; * Usimamizi wa miradi na programu; * Ununuzi wa umma; * Udhibiti na ushindani; * Ukuzaji wa uwekezaji; * Takwimu za nishati na uundaji wa modeli. Pia ameshiriki katika shughuli za mafunzo na ufundishaji katika taasisi kadhaa na mashirika ya kitaaluma, hasa na SETYM International na Chuo Kikuu cha Mji wa Kinshasa. === Ushauri na Maendeleo ya Sekta Binafsi === Kufuatia uzoefu wake katika COPIREP, Fabrice Lusinde alifanya kazi katika ushauri na maendeleo ya sekta binafsi. Anafanya kazi kama mshauri wa Ernst & Young (EY) na TradeMark East Africa. Pia anahudumu kama mshauri na mkufunzi wa SETYM International, haswa katika maeneo ya usimamizi wa miradi na programu. Kati ya 2010 na 2017, alifanya kazi katika Kundi la Benki ya Dunia, hasa kama mtaalamu wa maendeleo ya sekta binafsi. Alishiriki katika uratibu wa programu za wadau mbalimbali na wadau mbalimbali katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na nchi nyingine kadhaa za Afrika, ikiwa ni pamoja na Afrika Kusini, Burundi, Kamerun, Comoro, Djibouti, Gabon, Guinea, Kenya, Madagaska, Mauritius, Mauritania, na Niger. Uzoefu huu wa kimataifa ni sehemu muhimu ya kazi yake katika maeneo ya mageuzi ya kitaasisi, ushindani, kukuza uwekezaji, na maendeleo ya sekta binafsi. {{BD|1976|}} [[Jamii:wahandisi wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] p60o44es9ak6j9n00pidv20xwct2uiq 0 256529 1612416 1612344 2026-11-01T14:30:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612416 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Israel Mutala Lukusa''' ni [[Mwanahabari|mwandishi wa habari]], mchambuzi wa [[siasa]] na uchumi, na msimamizi wa umma wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Anajulikana sana kwa kuongoza chombo cha habari mtandaoni 7SUR7.CD na kwa kuwa mwenyekiti wa Chama cha Vyombo vya Habari vya Mtandaoni vya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo (MILRDC). Kisha alijiunga na utawala wa jiji-mkoa wa Kinshasa kama Mkuu wa Wafanyakazi wa Gavana Daniel Bumba Lubaki mnamo Julai 2024, kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa Katibu Mtendaji wa Serikali ya Mkoa mnamo Oktoba 2025. == Wasifu == === Elimu === Israel Mutala Lukusa ana shahada ya sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Kinshasa (UNIKIN). Pia amekamilisha programu kadhaa za mafunzo ya kitaaluma nje ya nchi, haswa nchini China na Korea Kusini, kama sehemu ya kazi yake. == Kazi ya Uandishi wa Habari == === Siku za Mwanzoni katika Vyombo vya Habari === Israel Mutala alijijengea jina katika mandhari ya vyombo vya habari vya Kongo kama mwandishi wa habari na mchambuzi wa masuala ya kiuchumi na kisiasa. Mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 2010, alionekana kwenye vipindi vya Redio Okapi akizingatia habari za kiuchumi na kisiasa. Mnamo Machi 2011, aliangaziwa kama mwandishi wa habari kwenye jarida la uchumi la Géopolis huko Kinshasa, katika kipindi kilichojitolea kwa hali ya kisiasa na kijamii katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Mnamo Machi 2018, Radio Okapi ilimtaja kama mwandishi wa habari na mchambuzi wa kisiasa na kiuchumi katika kipindi kuhusu kuondoka kwa makampuni kadhaa makubwa ya madini kutoka Shirikisho la Makampuni ya Kongo. Mchambuzi wa Siasa na Uchumi Pamoja na majukumu yake ya uandishi wa habari, Israël Mutala huonekana mara kwa mara kama mchambuzi wa kisiasa na kiuchumi katika vyombo vya habari vya Kongo. Yeye ni mgeni wa mara kwa mara kwenye vipindi vya Radio Okapi vinavyozingatia hali ya biashara na sekta mbalimbali za kiuchumi. Mnamo Agosti 2022, alishiriki katika kipindi cha "Mazungumzo kati ya Kongo" ambacho kilishughulikia matatizo yanayokabiliwa na Kongo Airways na hatari ya kukatika kwa ndege. Anawasilishwa hapo kama mwandishi wa habari na mchambuzi wa kisiasa na kiuchumi. Kazi hii inachangia umaarufu wake katika mijadala ya umma ya Kongo, haswa kuhusu masuala yanayohusiana na uchumi, makampuni yanayomilikiwa na serikali, sekta binafsi, na utawala. == Kuingia katika Utawala wa Kinshasa == === Mkuu wa Wafanyakazi kwa Gavana === Mnamo Julai 8, 2024, Gavana wa Kinshasa, Daniel Bumba Lubaki, alimteua Israël Mutala Lukusa kama Mkuu wa Wafanyakazi kwa Gavana kwa amri ya mkoa. Uteuzi huu unaashiria hatua mpya katika taaluma yake, anapohama kutoka kusimamia chombo cha habari na kuwakilisha sekta ya habari za kidijitali hadi jukumu la kiutawala na kisiasa ndani ya serikali kuu ya mkoa. Kuchukua Ofisi Israël Mutala anaanza rasmi majukumu yake mnamo Julai 12, 2024, kufuatia sherehe ya makabidhiano iliyofanyika katika Ukumbi wa Jiji la Kinshasa. Katika jukumu lake jipya, ana jukumu la kumsaidia gavana katika kuratibu ofisi yake, kusimamia faili za kiutawala, na kuwasiliana na wadau mbalimbali jijini pamoja na taasisi za kitaifa. Kuwasili kwake kunaambatana na mwanzo wa muhula wa Daniel Bumba kama mkuu wa Kinshasa na utekelezaji wa mpango wa serikali ya mkoa uliowasilishwa chini ya kauli mbiu "Kinshasa ezo bonga" (Kinshasa ni nzuri). Katibu Mtendaji wa Serikali ya Mkoa Mnamo Oktoba 2025, Daniel Bumba alipanga upya baraza lake la mawaziri. Israel Mutala aliacha wadhifa wake kama Mkuu wa Wafanyakazi na kuteuliwa kuwa Katibu Mtendaji wa Serikali ya Mkoa wa Kinshasa. Elie Luba Kalowe alimrithi kama Mkuu wa Wafanyakazi. Alianza rasmi majukumu yake mapya mnamo Oktoba 17, 2025, wakati wa sherehe ya makabidhiano katika Ukumbi wa Jiji. Nafasi hii inamweka ndani ya vyombo vya utawala kuwajibika, haswa, kwa kuratibu na kufuatilia vitendo vya serikali ya mkoa. Katika tukio hili, Israël Mutala anatangaza kwamba anataka kutumia uzoefu na nguvu zake katika utekelezaji wa maono ya maendeleo ya Kinshasa. [[Jamii:watu wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] awysbi7723tyuwbdqbwwzn8w842909g 0 256530 1612375 1612345 2026-11-01T13:02:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1612375 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joël Ntambwe''', alizaliwa tarehe 17 Oktoba 1998, huko [[Kinshasa]]<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-001">{{fr}} ; ''[https://baike.baidu.com/fr/item/Joel%20Ntambwe/4373681, Joel Ntambwe : "Basketteur de Kinshasa en République démocratique du Congo"], sur baike.baidu.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>, ni mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Alipata mafunzo nchini Marekani, akicheza kama mchezaji mwenye nguvu<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-002">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.proballers.com/fr/basketball/joueur/194802/ntambwe-joel, Joel Ntambwe : "BIOGRAPHIE"], sur www.proballers.com, 01 novembre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.fiba.basketball/fr/players/251308-joel-ntambwe, Joel Ntambwe], sur www.fiba.basketball, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. == Wasifu == Akiwa na asili ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] ([[Kinshasa]]), alipata mafunzo yake nchini Marekani katika Aspire Academy (Louisville) na Forest Trail Academy (Kernersville, North Carolina)<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004">{{fr}} ; ''Blaise-Pascal BONDUKU et Patrick KALAMBA : [https://www.congokasai.com/read.php?ntoken=1766649121&title=Sport--Joel-Ntambwe-la-fierte-congolaise-du-basketball-en-pleine-ascension&meganews=157887, Sport : Joël Ntambwe, la fierté congolaise du basketball en pleine ascension], sur www.congokasai.com, Dimanche, 21 décembre 2025 à 18:57, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. == Maisha ya michezo chuoni == === UNLV (2018–2019) === Alisaini mkataba na UNLV mwezi Aprili 2018. Akiwa mwanafunzi wa mwaka wa kwanza, alicheza michezo 31, akianza katika michezo yote hiyo, huku akiwa na wastani wa pointi 11.8 na mipira 5.5 iliyonaswa (rebounds), na kufanikiwa kufunga kwa asilimia 38.6 kutoka eneo la pointi tatu<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-005">{{fr}} ;''[https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/joel-ntambwe-1.html, Joel Ntambwe College Stats], sur www.sports-reference.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. Mnamo tarehe 15 Desemba 2018, alipata pointi 22 na 'rebounds' 11 dhidi ya BYU, na akateuliwa kuwa Mchezaji wa Wiki wa Mountain West Conference<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-006">{{fr}} ; [https://unlvrebels.com/news/2018/12/17/mens-basketball-joel-ntambwe-named-mw-player-of-the-week, Joel Ntambwe Named MW Player Of The Week], sur UNLVRebels.com, 17 décembre 2018, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-007">{{fr}} ; [https://www.vegas24seven.com/unlv-mens-basketball-news-ntambwe-named-mw-player-of-the-week/amp/, UNLV MEN’S BASKETBALL NEWS: Ntambwe Named MW Player Of The Week], sur www.vegas24seven.com, décembre 2018, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. === Texas Tech (2019-2021) === Mnamo Mei 2019, alihamia Texas Tech<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-008">{{fr}} ; ''[https://texastech.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/joel-ntambwe/9416, Joel Ntambwe - 2019-20 Men's Basketball Roster], sur TexasTech.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>.Atalazimika kukosa msimu wa 2019-20 kutokana na kanuni za NCAA kuhusu uhamisho<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-009">{{en}} ; ''Matthew Conner : [https://wreckemred.com/posts/texas-tech-basketball-transfers-who-didn-t-live-up-to-the-hype-01hz7vtzvhvb/5, Texas Tech basketball transfers who didn't live up to the hype], sur WreckEmRed.com, 02 juin 2024, 8:00 AM EDT, consulté le 01 novembre 2026 </ref>. Alicheza michezo 3 pekee katika msimu wa 2020–21 kabla ya kuondoka kwenye programu hiyo mnamo Desemba 2020 kwa sababu binafsi<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-001"/>. == Wasifu wa kitaaluma == * 2024 : ''Basketball Bees'' ([[Gabon]]) * 2025-2026 : ''Creole Star'' ([[Cape Verde]]) - Njia kuelekea Basketball Africa League<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-010">{{en}} ; ''[https://www.sofascore.com/fr/basketball/player/joel-ntambwe/2004702, Joel Ntambwe : "Kriol Star"], sur www.sofascore.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-011">{{en}} ; ''[https://basketball.latinbasket.com/player/Joel-Ntambwe/454365, Joel Ntambwe Statistics Current], sur basketball.latinbasket.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. == Wasifu wa kimataifa == Yeye ni mchezaji wa kimataifa katika timu ya taifa ya mpira wa kikapu ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" />. == Takwimu == === NCAA === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+ Takwimu za chuo kikuu cha Joël Ntambwe ! Kipindi ! Timu ! MJ ! Min. ! % Tir ! % 3pts ! % LF ! Reb. ! Pass. ! Pts |- | 2018-19 | ''UNLV''<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-011" /> | 31 | 24,1 | 40,9% | 38,6% | 75,2% | 5,5 | 0,6 | 11,8 |- | 2020-21 | ''Texas Tech''<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-008" /> | 3 | 13,7 | 41,7% | 60,0% | 50,0% | 3,7 | 1,0 | 4,7 |- | '''Kazi''' | | '''34''' | '''23,2''' | '''40,9%''' | '''39,5%''' | '''74,8%''' | '''5,4''' | '''0,6''' | '''11,2''' |} === Kuhusu timu ya taifa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+ Takwimu kuhusu DRC ! Mwaka ! Mashindano ! Timu ! MJ ! PPG ! RPG ! APG |- | 2021 | AfroBasket [[2021]]<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-012">{{fr}} ; ''ACTUALITE : [https://actualite.cd/2021/08/22/afrobasket-2021-les-12-leopards-de-mathias-eckhoff-avec-eric-kibi-et-joel-ntambwe, Afrobasket 2021 : les 12 Léopards de Mathias Eckhoff avec Eric Kibi et Joël Ntambwe], sur actualite.cd, Dimanche 22 août 2021 - 17:45', consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref> | RDC | 3 | 4,3 | 2,7 | 1,0 |- | 2023 | Mechi za Kufuzu Kombe la Dunia | RDC | 3 | 2,7 | 4,3 | 1,3 |- | 2024 | Road to BAL 2025 | Abeilles Basket | 3 | 14,0 | 8,7 | 1,7 |- | 2025 | Road to BAL 2026 | Kriol Star | 3 | 3,7 | 3,3 | 2,3 |} == Viungo vya nje == * ''Mchezaji : Joel-Ntambwe'': [https://www.fiba.basketball/en/players/251308-joel-ntambwe] , sur www.fiba.basketball == Références == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Kinshasa]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1998]] [[Jamii:mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} 16manec4hw65w2otx7wg2dacykrsdis 1612417 1612375 2026-11-01T14:31:37Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612417 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joël Ntambwe''' (alizaliwa [[Kinshasa]], 17 Oktoba 1998 <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-001">{{fr}} ; ''[https://baike.baidu.com/fr/item/Joel%20Ntambwe/4373681, Joel Ntambwe : "Basketteur de Kinshasa en République démocratique du Congo"], sur baike.baidu.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Alipata mafunzo nchini Marekani, akicheza kama mchezaji mwenye nguvu<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-002">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.proballers.com/fr/basketball/joueur/194802/ntambwe-joel, Joel Ntambwe : "BIOGRAPHIE"], sur www.proballers.com, 01 novembre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.fiba.basketball/fr/players/251308-joel-ntambwe, Joel Ntambwe], sur www.fiba.basketball, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. == Wasifu == Akiwa na asili ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] ([[Kinshasa]]), alipata mafunzo yake nchini Marekani katika Aspire Academy (Louisville) na Forest Trail Academy (Kernersville, North Carolina)<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004">{{fr}} ; ''Blaise-Pascal BONDUKU et Patrick KALAMBA : [https://www.congokasai.com/read.php?ntoken=1766649121&title=Sport--Joel-Ntambwe-la-fierte-congolaise-du-basketball-en-pleine-ascension&meganews=157887, Sport : Joël Ntambwe, la fierté congolaise du basketball en pleine ascension], sur www.congokasai.com, Dimanche, 21 décembre 2025 à 18:57, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. == Maisha ya michezo chuoni == === UNLV (2018–2019) === Alisaini mkataba na UNLV mwezi Aprili 2018. Akiwa mwanafunzi wa mwaka wa kwanza, alicheza michezo 31, akianza katika michezo yote hiyo, huku akiwa na wastani wa pointi 11.8 na mipira 5.5 iliyonaswa (rebounds), na kufanikiwa kufunga kwa asilimia 38.6 kutoka eneo la pointi tatu<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-005">{{fr}} ;''[https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/joel-ntambwe-1.html, Joel Ntambwe College Stats], sur www.sports-reference.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. Mnamo tarehe 15 Desemba 2018, alipata pointi 22 na 'rebounds' 11 dhidi ya BYU, na akateuliwa kuwa Mchezaji wa Wiki wa Mountain West Conference<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-006">{{fr}} ; [https://unlvrebels.com/news/2018/12/17/mens-basketball-joel-ntambwe-named-mw-player-of-the-week, Joel Ntambwe Named MW Player Of The Week], sur UNLVRebels.com, 17 décembre 2018, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-007">{{fr}} ; [https://www.vegas24seven.com/unlv-mens-basketball-news-ntambwe-named-mw-player-of-the-week/amp/, UNLV MEN’S BASKETBALL NEWS: Ntambwe Named MW Player Of The Week], sur www.vegas24seven.com, décembre 2018, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. === Texas Tech (2019-2021) === Mnamo Mei 2019, alihamia Texas Tech<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-008">{{fr}} ; ''[https://texastech.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/joel-ntambwe/9416, Joel Ntambwe - 2019-20 Men's Basketball Roster], sur TexasTech.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>.Atalazimika kukosa msimu wa 2019-20 kutokana na kanuni za NCAA kuhusu uhamisho<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-009">{{en}} ; ''Matthew Conner : [https://wreckemred.com/posts/texas-tech-basketball-transfers-who-didn-t-live-up-to-the-hype-01hz7vtzvhvb/5, Texas Tech basketball transfers who didn't live up to the hype], sur WreckEmRed.com, 02 juin 2024, 8:00 AM EDT, consulté le 01 novembre 2026 </ref>. Alicheza michezo 3 pekee katika msimu wa 2020–21 kabla ya kuondoka kwenye programu hiyo mnamo Desemba 2020 kwa sababu binafsi<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-001"/>. == Wasifu wa kitaaluma == * 2024 : ''Basketball Bees'' ([[Gabon]]) * 2025-2026 : ''Creole Star'' ([[Cape Verde]]) - Njia kuelekea Basketball Africa League<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-010">{{en}} ; ''[https://www.sofascore.com/fr/basketball/player/joel-ntambwe/2004702, Joel Ntambwe : "Kriol Star"], sur www.sofascore.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-011">{{en}} ; ''[https://basketball.latinbasket.com/player/Joel-Ntambwe/454365, Joel Ntambwe Statistics Current], sur basketball.latinbasket.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. == Wasifu wa kimataifa == Yeye ni mchezaji wa kimataifa katika timu ya taifa ya mpira wa kikapu ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" />. == Takwimu == === NCAA === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+ Takwimu za chuo kikuu cha Joël Ntambwe ! Kipindi ! Timu ! MJ ! Min. ! % Tir ! % 3pts ! % LF ! Reb. ! Pass. ! Pts |- | 2018-19 | ''UNLV''<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-011" /> | 31 | 24,1 | 40,9% | 38,6% | 75,2% | 5,5 | 0,6 | 11,8 |- | 2020-21 | ''Texas Tech''<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-008" /> | 3 | 13,7 | 41,7% | 60,0% | 50,0% | 3,7 | 1,0 | 4,7 |- | '''Kazi''' | | '''34''' | '''23,2''' | '''40,9%''' | '''39,5%''' | '''74,8%''' | '''5,4''' | '''0,6''' | '''11,2''' |} === Kuhusu timu ya taifa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+ Takwimu kuhusu DRC ! Mwaka ! Mashindano ! Timu ! MJ ! PPG ! RPG ! APG |- | 2021 | AfroBasket [[2021]]<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-012">{{fr}} ; ''ACTUALITE : [https://actualite.cd/2021/08/22/afrobasket-2021-les-12-leopards-de-mathias-eckhoff-avec-eric-kibi-et-joel-ntambwe, Afrobasket 2021 : les 12 Léopards de Mathias Eckhoff avec Eric Kibi et Joël Ntambwe], sur actualite.cd, Dimanche 22 août 2021 - 17:45', consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref> | RDC | 3 | 4,3 | 2,7 | 1,0 |- | 2023 | Mechi za Kufuzu Kombe la Dunia | RDC | 3 | 2,7 | 4,3 | 1,3 |- | 2024 | Road to BAL 2025 | Abeilles Basket | 3 | 14,0 | 8,7 | 1,7 |- | 2025 | Road to BAL 2026 | Kriol Star | 3 | 3,7 | 3,3 | 2,3 |} == Tanbihi== {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * ''Mchezaji : Joel-Ntambwe'': [https://www.fiba.basketball/en/players/251308-joel-ntambwe] , sur www.fiba.basketball [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Kinshasa]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1998]] [[Jamii:mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] 816utor70vrn2n6fnh8xu5vqadu3k0o 1612459 1612417 2026-11-01T21:55:53Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1612459 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joël Ntambwe''' (alizaliwa [[Kinshasa]], 17 Oktoba 1998 <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-001">{{fr}} ; ''[https://baike.baidu.com/fr/item/Joel%20Ntambwe/4373681, Joel Ntambwe : "Basketteur de Kinshasa en République démocratique du Congo"], sur baike.baidu.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Alipata mafunzo nchini Marekani, akicheza kama mchezaji mwenye nguvu<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-002">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.proballers.com/fr/basketball/joueur/194802/ntambwe-joel, Joel Ntambwe : "BIOGRAPHIE"], sur www.proballers.com, 01 novembre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.fiba.basketball/fr/players/251308-joel-ntambwe, Joel Ntambwe], sur www.fiba.basketball, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. == Wasifu == Akiwa na asili ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] ([[Kinshasa]]), alipata mafunzo yake nchini Marekani katika Aspire Academy (Louisville) na Forest Trail Academy (Kernersville, North Carolina)<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004">{{fr}} ; ''Blaise-Pascal BONDUKU et Patrick KALAMBA : [https://www.congokasai.com/read.php?ntoken=1766649121&title=Sport--Joel-Ntambwe-la-fierte-congolaise-du-basketball-en-pleine-ascension&meganews=157887, Sport : Joël Ntambwe, la fierté congolaise du basketball en pleine ascension], sur www.congokasai.com, Dimanche, 21 décembre 2025 à 18:57, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. == Maisha ya michezo chuoni == === UNLV (2018–2019) === Alisaini mkataba na UNLV mwezi Aprili 2018. Akiwa mwanafunzi wa mwaka wa kwanza, alicheza michezo 31, akianza katika michezo yote hiyo, huku akiwa na wastani wa pointi 11.8 na mipira 5.5 iliyonaswa (rebounds), na kufanikiwa kufunga kwa asilimia 38.6 kutoka eneo la pointi tatu<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-005">{{fr}} ;''[https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/joel-ntambwe-1.html, Joel Ntambwe College Stats], sur www.sports-reference.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. Mnamo tarehe 15 Desemba 2018, alipata pointi 22 na 'rebounds' 11 dhidi ya BYU, na akateuliwa kuwa Mchezaji wa Wiki wa Mountain West Conference<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-006">{{fr}} ; [https://unlvrebels.com/news/2018/12/17/mens-basketball-joel-ntambwe-named-mw-player-of-the-week, Joel Ntambwe Named MW Player Of The Week], sur UNLVRebels.com, 17 décembre 2018, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-007">{{fr}} ; [https://www.vegas24seven.com/unlv-mens-basketball-news-ntambwe-named-mw-player-of-the-week/amp/, UNLV MEN’S BASKETBALL NEWS: Ntambwe Named MW Player Of The Week], sur www.vegas24seven.com, décembre 2018, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. === Texas Tech (2019-2021) === Mnamo Mei 2019, alihamia Texas Tech<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-008">{{fr}} ; ''[https://texastech.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/joel-ntambwe/9416, Joel Ntambwe - 2019-20 Men's Basketball Roster], sur TexasTech.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>.Atalazimika kukosa msimu wa 2019-20 kutokana na kanuni za NCAA kuhusu uhamisho<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-009">{{en}} ; ''Matthew Conner : [https://wreckemred.com/posts/texas-tech-basketball-transfers-who-didn-t-live-up-to-the-hype-01hz7vtzvhvb/5, Texas Tech basketball transfers who didn't live up to the hype], sur WreckEmRed.com, 02 juin 2024, 8:00 AM EDT, consulté le 01 novembre 2026 </ref>. Alicheza michezo 3 pekee katika msimu wa 2020–21 kabla ya kuondoka kwenye programu hiyo mnamo Desemba 2020 kwa sababu binafsi<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-001"/>. == Wasifu wa kitaaluma == * 2024 : ''Basketball Bees'' ([[Gabon]]) * 2025-2026 : ''Creole Star'' ([[Cape Verde]]) - Njia kuelekea Basketball Africa League<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-010">{{en}} ; ''[https://www.sofascore.com/fr/basketball/player/joel-ntambwe/2004702, Joel Ntambwe : "Kriol Star"], sur www.sofascore.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-011">{{en}} ; ''[https://basketball.latinbasket.com/player/Joel-Ntambwe/454365, Joel Ntambwe Statistics Current], sur basketball.latinbasket.com, consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref>. == Wasifu wa kimataifa == Yeye ni mchezaji wa kimataifa katika timu ya taifa ya mpira wa kikapu ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" />. == Takwimu == === NCAA === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+ Takwimu za chuo kikuu cha Joël Ntambwe ! Kipindi ! Timu ! MJ ! Min. ! % Tir ! % 3pts ! % LF ! Reb. ! Pass. ! Pts |- | 2018-19 | ''UNLV''<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-011" /> | 31 | 24,1 | 40,9% | 38,6% | 75,2% | 5,5 | 0,6 | 11,8 |- | 2020-21 | ''Texas Tech''<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-008" /> | 3 | 13,7 | 41,7% | 60,0% | 50,0% | 3,7 | 1,0 | 4,7 |- | '''Kazi''' | | '''34''' | '''23,2''' | '''40,9%''' | '''39,5%''' | '''74,8%''' | '''5,4''' | '''0,6''' | '''11,2''' |} === Kuhusu timu ya taifa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+ Takwimu kuhusu DRC ! Mwaka ! Mashindano ! Timu ! MJ ! PPG ! RPG ! APG |- | 2021 | AfroBasket [[2021]]<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-012">{{fr}} ; ''ACTUALITE : [https://actualite.cd/2021/08/22/afrobasket-2021-les-12-leopards-de-mathias-eckhoff-avec-eric-kibi-et-joel-ntambwe, Afrobasket 2021 : les 12 Léopards de Mathias Eckhoff avec Eric Kibi et Joël Ntambwe], sur actualite.cd, Dimanche 22 août 2021 - 17:45', consulté le 01 novembre 2026</ref> | RDC | 3 | 4,3 | 2,7 | 1,0 |- | 2023 | Mechi za Kufuzu Kombe la Dunia | RDC | 3 | 2,7 | 4,3 | 1,3 |- | 2024 | Road to BAL 2025 | Abeilles Basket | 3 | 14,0 | 8,7 | 1,7 |- | 2025 | Road to BAL 2026 | Kriol Star | 3 | 3,7 | 3,3 | 2,3 |} == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * ''Mchezaji : Joel-Ntambwe'': [https://www.fiba.basketball/en/players/251308-joel-ntambwe] , sur www.fiba.basketball [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Kinshasa]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1998]] [[Jamii:mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] 8dvfsilw4aivlvn5y6dgsv6frezyccb 0 256531 1612418 1612347 2026-11-01T14:32:52Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612418 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paul Mbiya Kabenga''' (alizaliwa 11 Aprili 2005) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Anacheza katika nafasi ya 'center' (mchezaji wa kati) kwenye timu ya Kansas Jayhawks katika NCAA Division I nchini [[Marekani]]<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-001">{{fr}} ; ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20240528114111/https://www.lnb.fr/elite/joueur/?id=9914, Paul Mbiya Kabenga], sur web.archive.org, consulté le 21 octobre 2026</ref>. == Maisha == === Maisha ya Awali na Mafunzo === Paul Mbiya Kabenga alizaliwa na Yacine Fylla, mwanzilishi wa Ballers Academy jijini Kinshasa, ambapo alijifunza mchezo wa mpira wa kikapu<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-002">{{en}} ; ''[https://pmk34.com/, who is PMK ? : "Paul Mbiya Kabenga"], sur pmk34.com, consulté le 21 octobre 2026</ref>. Kisha alijiunga na NBA Academy Africa nchini Senegal na kuchaguliwa kuwa mmoja wa wachezaji nyota (All-Star) katika kambi ya "Basketball Without Borders" ya mwaka 2022<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003">{{en}} ; [https://kuathletics.com/news/2025/6/25/mens-basketball-center-paul-mbiya-signs-with-kansas, Center Paul Mbiya Signs with Kansas], sur kuathletics.com, 25 juin 2025, consulté le 21 octobre 2026</ref>. PMK34, 34, ni heshima kwa Giánnis Antetokoúnmpo, ambaye bidii yake ya kazi inamtia moyo<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-002" />. === Kufanya kazi nchini Ufaransa === Ili kupata uzoefu, alisafiri hadi Ufaransa na kujiunga na ASVEL Lyon-Villeurbanne<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004">{{en}} ; ''Riley Hibdon : [https://throughthephog.com/kansas-basketball-2025-26-player-profile-paul-mbiya, Kansas Basketball 2025–26 Player Profile: Paul Mbiya : "He's one of the two Congolese big men on the roster this season"], sur throughthephog.com, 03 novembre 2025 à 08:26' PM (EST), consulté le 21 octobre 2026</ref>. * Msimu wa 2023–2024: Akiichezea timu ya vijana ya ASVEL (Espoirs) katika ligi ya ''LNB Hopes'', alikuwa na wastani wa pointi 15.5, mipira 11.6 iliyonaswa kutoka kwenye ubao (rebounds), na vizuizi 3.1 kwa kila mchezo. Pia alishiriki katika michezo 10 akiwa na timu ya kulipwa katika ligi kuu ya Ufaransa (''Pro A'') pamoja na michuano ya EuroLeague<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. * Msimu wa 2024 – 2025: Akiwa na wastani wa pointi 15.3 kwa usahihi wa asilimia 70 katika kurusha mpira, mipira 11.7 iliyodakwa (rebounds), mipira 1.0 iliyoibwa, na mipira 3.0 iliyozuiwa (blocks) ndani ya dakika 32.5 kwa kila mchezo. Aliwahi kucheza katika timu moja na Victor Wembanyama mnamo mwaka 2021<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" />. === Usajili wa Chuo === Mnamo Mei 2025, awali alitoa ahadi ya kujiunga na NC State chini ya Will Wade, kabla ya kufungua tena mchakato wa usajili wake katikati ya Juni 2025<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" />. Mnamo tarehe 25 Juni 2025, alitia saini mkataba wa kifedha na Chuo Kikuu cha Kansas. Kocha Bill Self alisema: "Paul ni mkubwa. Ana urefu halisi wa futi 6 na inchi 11, na urefu wa mikono iliyotanuliwa wa futi 7 na inchi 8. Anaendana vyema na mtindo wetu wa mchezo. Ni mchezaji ambaye atakuwa na kasi"<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-005">{{en}} ; ''Michael Swain : ''[https://247sports.com/college/kansas/article/bill-self-kansas-basketball-paul-mbiya-addition-251255677/, Bill Self says Paul Mbiya will fit in 'very well' at KU : "The KU head coach gave his take on what the Jayhawks are getting in the big man"], sur 247sports.com, 25 juin 2025 à 09:03' PM, consulté le 21 octobre 2026</ref>. Anashika nafasi ya sita katika kundi la wachezaji la mwaka 2025–2026 na anaungana na mchezaji mwingine kutoka Kongo, Flory Bidunga. Alisema: ''Nilijiunga na Kansas kwa ajili ya fursa hiyo, kucheza katika timu ya kiwango cha juu, na kucheza pamoja na Mkongomani mwenzangu''<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-006">{{en}} ; ''Henry Greenstein : [https://www2.kusports.com/sports/college/basketball-men/2025/jun/25/ku-adds-international-big-man-mbiya-per-reports/, KU adds international big man Mbiya], sur www2.kusports.com, 25 juin 2025, consulté le 21 octobre 2026</ref>. === Kazi ya ziada === Akiwa mchezaji wa mwaka wa kwanza katika msimu wa mpira wa kikapu wa NCAA wa 2025–2026 akiwa na timu ya Kansas Jayhawks, anapanga kuwa msaidizi wa Flory Bidunga<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" />. == Jina la utani == Wenzake wa timu walimpa jina la utani ''« Mobutu »'', wakimrejelea Mobutu Sese Seko; yeye alieleza: ''« Baadhi ya watu wanasema alikuwa dikteta, na kwa kuwa mimi hupenda kudhibiti taswira yangu na kuwa na nguvu, walinipa jina hili la utani »''<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-007">{{en}} ; ''[https://kuathletics.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/paul-mbiya/17955, 2026-27 Men's Basketball Roster], sur kuathletics.com, consulté le 21 octobre 2026</ref>. == Nambari == === Nchini Ufaransa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" |+ Takwimu za klabu ya Paul Mbiya ! Msimu !! Badilisha!! Ligi !! MJ !! Min !! %Tir !! %3pts !! %LF !! Reb !! Ctr !! Pts !! Éval !! Chanzo |- | 2023-2024 || Espoirs ASVEL || LNB Espoirs || 27 || 19,0 || 67,6% || 0% || 58,2% || 8,9 || 1,3 || 10,9 || 17,4 || <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" /> |- | 2023-2024 || ASVEL || Betclic Élite / Euroligue || 10 || 5,2 || 60,0% || - || 50,0% || 1,4 || 0,4 || 1,8 || 2,1 || <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" /> |- | 2024-2025 || Espoirs ASVEL || LNB Espoirs || 24 || 32,5 || 69,8% || 0% || 61,4% || 11,7 || 3,0 || 15,3 || 24,5 || <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" /> |} === Na NCAA === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" |+ Takwimu za NCAA ! Msimu !! Mabadiliko !! MJ !! Min !! %Tir !! Reb !! Ctr !! Pts |- | 2025-2026 || Kansas Jayhawks || 20 || 13,0 || 66,7% || 9,2* || 1,5* || 8,4* || <ref>Proballers - Kansas Jayhawks 2025-26</ref> |- | style="text-align:left;" colspan="12" | *Asilimia ikilinganishwa na Proballers. Ya msimu huu |} == Tazama pia == * [[Samuel Mbingazo]] == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://kuathletics.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/paul-mbiya/8159 Profil officiel - Kansas Jayhawks (KU Athletics)] * [https://www.espn.com/mens-college-basketball/player/_/id/5289814/paul-mbiya Profil ESPN - Paul Mbiya] * [https://www.proballers.com/basketball/player/276938/paul-mbiya Statistiques détaillées - Proballers] * [https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Paul-Mbiya/Summary/213195 Fiche RealGM - Paul Mbiya] * [https://247sports.com/player/paul-mbiya-46150912/ Recrutement - 247Sports] * [https://www.on3.com/db/paul-mbiya-175579/ Profil On3] * [https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/paul-mbiya-1.html College Stats - Sports Reference (à venir 2025-26)] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tSH62q897HQ Highlights ASVEL / Kansas - YouTube] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Kinshasa]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2005]] [[Jamii:mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Wakongo wanaoishi Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanariadha kutoka DRC waliohamia Marekani]] 1boujxkmcwoc5tj726dqmuzj5soi1pz 0 256545 1612419 1612361 2026-11-01T14:33:55Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612419 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jeannot Basima''' ni mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu anayetoka [[Goma]] katika eneo la mashariki mwa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Anacheza katika nafasi ya 'guard' kwenye timu ya Yale Bulldogs, inayoshiriki Divisheni ya I ya NCAA<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-001">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.proballers.com/fr/basketball/joueur/276059/jeannot-basima, Biographie et statistiques : "Jeannot Basima"] sur www.proballers.com, consulté le 22 octobre 2026</ref>. == Maisha == Jeannot Basima ni mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu wa kulipwa aliyezaliwa Januari 1, 2005, huko Goma. Ana urefu wa mita 1.93 (futi 6 na inchi 4) na anacheza katika nafasi ya 'linebacker'. Hivi karibuni alichezea timu ya Yale Bulldogs katika ligi ya NCAA<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-001" />. === Vijana mjini Goma === Jeannot Basima alianza kucheza mpira wa kikapu akiwa na umri wa miaka sita katika Promo Jeune Basket (PJB), shule ya eneo hilo iliyo karibu na nyumbani kwake mjini Goma. PJB ni zaidi ya shule ya mpira wa kikapu tu; inahimiza pia elimu, huku ikisisitiza maadili kama vile nidhamu, kazi ya pamoja, na heshima<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-002">{{fr}} ; ''Info Sport RDC : [https://infosportrdc.net/goma-basketballla-distribution-des-ballons-par-jospin-basima-et-la-fondation-jeannot-basima-desormais-effective/; Goma Basketball : La distribution des ballons par Jospin Basima et la Fondation Jeannot basima désormais effective], sur infosportrdc.net, 10 avril 2026, consulté le 22 octobre 2026</ref>. === Kuwasili Marekani === Akiwa na umri wa miaka 13, kupitia ushirikiano kati ya rais wa PJB, Dario Melo, na ndugu mmoja raia wa Ubelgiji, alichaguliwa kuhudhuria kambi ya majira ya joto nchini [[Marekani]]<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-002" />. Kambi hii ilimsaidia kujiunga na Global Squad AAU na kupata ufadhili wa masomo katika New York Military Academy (darasa la 8), na baadaye katika John Carroll Academy huko Maryland<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003">{{en}} ; ''[https://yalebulldogs.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/jeannot-basima/23073, 2026-27 Men's Basketball Roster : 22 Jeannot BasimaHear how to pronounce Basima], sur yalebulldogs.com, 2026, consulté le 22 octobre 2026</ref>. Hakukutana tena na familia yake kwa miaka mitano: "Miezi mitatu ya kwanza ilikuwa migumu; nilimisi nyumbani. Sikujua lugha hiyo." Katika shule ya The John Carroll Academy, alikusanya pointi 1,516 na 'rebounds' 669, akiwa na wastani wa pointi 15 na 'rebounds' 7 kwa kila mchezo. Alipata tuzo za 'All-BCL' na 'All-MIAA' na kushinda Ubingwa wa BCL wa mwaka 2021<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. === Masomo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Yale === Alichagua Yale: "Kwa sababu ni mojawapo ya vyuo vikuu bora zaidi duniani, na ni fursa inayoweza kubadilisha maisha—si kwangu tu, bali pia kwa familia yangu na jamii yangu nchini Kongo."<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. * 2023-24 : Msimu umepotea kutokana na jeraha<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. * 2024-25: Mechi 10, ushindi 5 dhidi ya Emerson<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. * 2025-26: Mechi 10, alama 7 (rekodi ya juu zaidi katika taaluma yake; alifunga mara 2 kati ya majaribio 4) dhidi ya SUNY Maritime, mipira 7 iliyonaswa (rebounds) dhidi ya Columbia<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. Mchezaji wake kipenzi ni ''Giánnis Antetokounmpo''. === Mkusanyaji wa bidhaa === Katika majira ya joto ya mwaka 2023, alirejea Kongo kwa mara ya kwanza katika kipindi cha miaka mitano na kuandaa kambi ya mpira wa kikapu kwa ajili ya watoto mjini Goma, ambapo alikusanya viatu, nguo, na mipira<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. Alianzisha Jeannot Basima Basketball Camp and Foundation (JBF), iliyofadhiliwa na Dwight Hall katika Chuo Kikuu cha Yale, ikiwa na lengo la kuhamasisha na kutoa fursa kwa vijana wa [[Goma]]<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004">{{en}} ; ''[https://dwighthall.org/jbf/, Jeannot Basima Basketball Camp and Foundation], sur dwighthall.org, consulté le 22 octobre 2026</ref>. == Nambari == === Tume ya NCAA === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" |+ Takwimu za Shule ya Sekondari Jeannot Basima ! Kipindi!! Mabadiliko!! Daraja!! MJ !! Min !! %Tir !! %3pts !! %LF !! Reb !! Pd !! Pts !! Kisika |- | 2023-24 || Yale Bulldogs || Fr || 0 || - || - || - || - || - || - || - || Mpota - DNP<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" /> |- | 2024-25 || Yale Bulldogs || So || 10 || 3,2 || 28,6% || 0% || 25,0% || 0,5 || 0,1 || 0,5 || <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-005">{{en}} ; ''[https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Jeannot-Basima/Summary/220018, Jeannot Basima Player Profile :"Jeannot Basima G #22"], sur basketball.realgm.com, consulté le 22 octobre 2026</ref> |- | 2025-26 || Yale Bulldogs || Jr || 10 || 3,8 || 40,0% || 50,0% || 100% || 0,5 || 0,4 || 1,1 || <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-005" />{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" /> |- | '''Kazi''' || '''Yale''' || || '''20''' || '''3,5''' || '''35,3%''' || '''50,0%''' || '''50,0%''' || '''0,5''' || '''0,2''' || '''0,8''' || <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-005" /> |} == Angalia pia == * [[Paul Mbiya Kabenga]] * [[Samuel Mbingazo]] == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://yalebulldogs.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/jeannot-basima/4189 Profil officiel - Yale Bulldogs] * [https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Jeannot-Basima/Summary/216123 RealGM] * [https://dwighthall.org/2023/12/jeannot-basima-basketball-camp/ Fondation JBF - Dwight Hall at Yale] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2005]] [[Jamii:mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Wakongo wanaoishi Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanariadha kutoka DRC waliohamia Marekani]] 23b9fw47yt7lqp864n6dcg787kt5rq7 1612482 1612419 2026-11-02T01:48:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1612482 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jeannot Basima''' ni mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu anayetoka [[Goma]] katika eneo la mashariki mwa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Anacheza katika nafasi ya 'guard' kwenye timu ya Yale Bulldogs, inayoshiriki Divisheni ya I ya NCAA<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-001">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.proballers.com/fr/basketball/joueur/276059/jeannot-basima, Biographie et statistiques : "Jeannot Basima"] sur www.proballers.com, consulté le 22 octobre 2026</ref>. == Maisha == Jeannot Basima ni mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu wa kulipwa aliyezaliwa Januari 1, 2005, huko Goma. Ana urefu wa mita 1.93 (futi 6 na inchi 4) na anacheza katika nafasi ya 'linebacker'. Hivi karibuni alichezea timu ya Yale Bulldogs katika ligi ya NCAA<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-001" />. === Vijana mjini Goma === Jeannot Basima alianza kucheza mpira wa kikapu akiwa na umri wa miaka sita katika Promo Jeune Basket (PJB), shule ya eneo hilo iliyo karibu na nyumbani kwake mjini Goma. PJB ni zaidi ya shule ya mpira wa kikapu tu; inahimiza pia elimu, huku ikisisitiza maadili kama vile nidhamu, kazi ya pamoja, na heshima<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-002">{{fr}} ; ''Info Sport RDC : [https://infosportrdc.net/goma-basketballla-distribution-des-ballons-par-jospin-basima-et-la-fondation-jeannot-basima-desormais-effective/; Goma Basketball : La distribution des ballons par Jospin Basima et la Fondation Jeannot basima désormais effective], sur infosportrdc.net, 10 avril 2026, consulté le 22 octobre 2026</ref>. === Kuwasili Marekani === Akiwa na umri wa miaka 13, kupitia ushirikiano kati ya rais wa PJB, Dario Melo, na ndugu mmoja raia wa Ubelgiji, alichaguliwa kuhudhuria kambi ya majira ya joto nchini [[Marekani]]<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-002" />. Kambi hii ilimsaidia kujiunga na Global Squad AAU na kupata ufadhili wa masomo katika New York Military Academy (darasa la 8), na baadaye katika John Carroll Academy huko Maryland<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003">{{en}} ; ''[https://yalebulldogs.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/jeannot-basima/23073, 2026-27 Men's Basketball Roster : 22 Jeannot BasimaHear how to pronounce Basima] {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, sur yalebulldogs.com, 2026, consulté le 22 octobre 2026</ref>. Hakukutana tena na familia yake kwa miaka mitano: "Miezi mitatu ya kwanza ilikuwa migumu; nilimisi nyumbani. Sikujua lugha hiyo." Katika shule ya The John Carroll Academy, alikusanya pointi 1,516 na 'rebounds' 669, akiwa na wastani wa pointi 15 na 'rebounds' 7 kwa kila mchezo. Alipata tuzo za 'All-BCL' na 'All-MIAA' na kushinda Ubingwa wa BCL wa mwaka 2021<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. === Masomo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Yale === Alichagua Yale: "Kwa sababu ni mojawapo ya vyuo vikuu bora zaidi duniani, na ni fursa inayoweza kubadilisha maisha—si kwangu tu, bali pia kwa familia yangu na jamii yangu nchini Kongo."<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. * 2023-24 : Msimu umepotea kutokana na jeraha<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. * 2024-25: Mechi 10, ushindi 5 dhidi ya Emerson<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. * 2025-26: Mechi 10, alama 7 (rekodi ya juu zaidi katika taaluma yake; alifunga mara 2 kati ya majaribio 4) dhidi ya SUNY Maritime, mipira 7 iliyonaswa (rebounds) dhidi ya Columbia<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. Mchezaji wake kipenzi ni ''Giánnis Antetokounmpo''. === Mkusanyaji wa bidhaa === Katika majira ya joto ya mwaka 2023, alirejea Kongo kwa mara ya kwanza katika kipindi cha miaka mitano na kuandaa kambi ya mpira wa kikapu kwa ajili ya watoto mjini Goma, ambapo alikusanya viatu, nguo, na mipira<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" />. Alianzisha Jeannot Basima Basketball Camp and Foundation (JBF), iliyofadhiliwa na Dwight Hall katika Chuo Kikuu cha Yale, ikiwa na lengo la kuhamasisha na kutoa fursa kwa vijana wa [[Goma]]<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004">{{en}} ; ''[https://dwighthall.org/jbf/, Jeannot Basima Basketball Camp and Foundation], sur dwighthall.org, consulté le 22 octobre 2026</ref>. == Nambari == === Tume ya NCAA === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" |+ Takwimu za Shule ya Sekondari Jeannot Basima ! Kipindi!! Mabadiliko!! Daraja!! MJ !! Min !! %Tir !! %3pts !! %LF !! Reb !! Pd !! Pts !! Kisika |- | 2023-24 || Yale Bulldogs || Fr || 0 || - || - || - || - || - || - || - || Mpota - DNP<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003" /> |- | 2024-25 || Yale Bulldogs || So || 10 || 3,2 || 28,6% || 0% || 25,0% || 0,5 || 0,1 || 0,5 || <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-005">{{en}} ; ''[https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Jeannot-Basima/Summary/220018, Jeannot Basima Player Profile :"Jeannot Basima G #22"], sur basketball.realgm.com, consulté le 22 octobre 2026</ref> |- | 2025-26 || Yale Bulldogs || Jr || 10 || 3,8 || 40,0% || 50,0% || 100% || 0,5 || 0,4 || 1,1 || <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-005" />{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" /> |- | '''Kazi''' || '''Yale''' || || '''20''' || '''3,5''' || '''35,3%''' || '''50,0%''' || '''50,0%''' || '''0,5''' || '''0,2''' || '''0,8''' || <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-005" /> |} == Angalia pia == * [[Paul Mbiya Kabenga]] * [[Samuel Mbingazo]] == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://yalebulldogs.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/jeannot-basima/4189 Profil officiel - Yale Bulldogs] * [https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Jeannot-Basima/Summary/216123 RealGM] * [https://dwighthall.org/2023/12/jeannot-basima-basketball-camp/ Fondation JBF - Dwight Hall at Yale] {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2005]] [[Jamii:mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Wakongo wanaoishi Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanariadha kutoka DRC waliohamia Marekani]] bbtfrepuzgw1ovg76abcid5480fi13g 0 256546 1612371 1612363 2026-11-01T12:12:25Z OtikolenoiL 71204 1612371 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paulette Kimuntu Kimpiob-Ndombe''', Paulette Kimuntu, anayejulikana kama "The Lioness," alizaliwa Mei 13, 1971, huko Kinshasa. Yeye ni mwandishi wa habari, mtangazaji wa televisheni, na mjasiriamali wa vyombo vya habari kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Alipata umaarufu katika mandhari ya vyombo vya habari vya Kongo kutokana na vipindi vyake, ambavyo vililenga zaidi habari za kisiasa, kiuchumi, na kijamii. Amefanya kazi katika gazeti la kila siku "Forum des As," Kin Malebo Television, BRT Africa, Couleurs Television, 2AS TV, na Congo Web TV, ambapo aliwasilisha kipindi cha kisiasa "Info 7" kwa miaka kadhaa. Baada ya kuacha chaneli hii mnamo 2021, aliendelea na kazi yake katika vyombo vya habari huru na kutengeneza programu zake za sauti na taswira. Pia ndiye mwanzilishi wa chama cha Press for Progress, shirika lisilo la faida lililoanzishwa mnamo 2017. == Wasifu == === Asili na Utoto === Paulette Kimuntu alizaliwa Mei 13, 1971, huko Kinshasa, mji mkuu wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Anatoka katika familia ya Wakongo asili yake ni eneo la Mwiki katika eneo la Bulungu la jimbo la Kwilu. Yeye ni binti wa Yvon Kimpiob, mwanasiasa mashuhuri wa Kongo ambaye alishikilia nyadhifa katika bunge la chini la Bunge la Kongo mnamo 1960, na Pauline Kimuntu, mwalimu wa shule ya msingi na mkuu wa shule. === Ellimu na Mafunzo === Paulette Kimuntu alikamilisha elimu yake ya sekondari katika Shule ya Upili ya Kimwenza huko Kinshasa, ambapo alipata diploma ya serikali katika ufundishaji wa jumla mnamo 1990. Kisha akaendelea na elimu ya juu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Kitaifa cha Ufundishaji (UPN), akibobea katika tafsiri na ukalimani wa Kiingereza-Kifaransa. Alihitimu mnamo 2002. Pia aliongezea masomo yake na kozi mbalimbali za ukuzaji wa kitaaluma. Mafunzo yake ya lugha yalimwezesha kukuza ujuzi imara wa mawasiliano na usindikaji wa habari. Anazungumza Kifaransa, Kiingereza, Kilingala, na Kikongo, miongoni mwa lugha zingine. == Kazi == === Miaka ya Mapema katika Uandishi wa Habari za Uchapishaji === Paulette Kimuntu alianza kazi yake ya uandishi wa habari mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990. Alichukua hatua zake za kwanza katika uandishi wa habari za magazeti katika Jukwaa la kila siku la Forum des As, ambapo alifanya kazi kama mwanafunzi kabla ya kuendelea na taaluma yake ya uandishi wa habari. Uzoefu huu wa awali ulimruhusu kugundua jinsi chumba cha habari kinavyofanya kazi, mbinu za kukusanya taarifa, na mahitaji ya uandishi wa habari. === Televisheni ya Kin Malebo ==== Baada ya uzoefu wake katika uandishi wa habari za magazeti, alihamia katika uandishi wa habari za matangazo. Alijiunga na Televisheni ya Kin Malebo (TKM), ambapo alifanya kazi hasa kama mwandishi wa habari. Huko, alipata uzoefu katika uandishi wa habari, kutoa ripoti, na kuwasilisha programu za televisheni. Hii ilikuwa mwanzo wa kazi yake katika tasnia ya televisheni ya Kongo. === BRT Africa, Couleurs Télévision, na 2AS TV === Paulette Kimuntu aliendelea na kazi yake katika vituo kadhaa vya televisheni, ikiwa ni pamoja na BRT Africa, Couleurs Télévision, na 2AS TV. Katika Couleurs Télévision, alishiriki sana katika uandaaji wa kipindi cha Elite. Uzoefu huu mbalimbali ulisaidia kupanua shughuli zake za kitaaluma, ikijumuisha uandaaji wa vipindi, mahojiano, kuripoti, na uandishi wa habari. === Televisheni ya Mtandao ya Congo na Programu ya Info7 ==== Mnamo 2011, Paulette Kimuntu alijiunga na Congo Web TV, kituo cha televisheni cha Kongo ambapo alifanya kazi kwa takriban miaka kumi. Alikuwa mmoja wa watangazaji wa vipindi vya habari na masuala ya kisiasa. Aliongoza vipindi vya Info7 na L'International. Kipindi cha Info7 ni mojawapo ya vipindi vinavyohusiana naye kwa karibu zaidi. Kwenye kipindi hicho, aliwahoji watu mbalimbali wa kisiasa, kiuchumi, na kijamii ili kujadili mada zinazohusiana na utawala, habari za kitaifa, na masuala ya kijamii. Mtindo wake wa mahojiano na michango yake katika mijadala ya kisiasa imechangia kuonekana kwake katika mandhari ya vyombo vya habari vya Kongo. Mnamo Aprili 30, 2021, alitangaza hadharani kuondoka kwake kutoka Congo Web TV. Uamuzi huu ulikuja baada ya usimamizi wa kituo hicho kusimamisha majukumu yake ya utangazaji kwenye kipindi cha Info7, akitoa sababu ya utovu wa nidhamu wa kitaaluma. === Ujasiriamali wa Vyombo vya Habari === ==== Uundaji wa La Lionne TV ==== Baada ya kuondoka Congo Web TV mwaka wa 2021, Paulette Kimuntu aliendelea na shughuli zake za uandishi wa habari kama mfanyakazi huru. Anaendeleza uwepo wake wa kidijitali kupitia chaneli yake ya YouTube, La Lionne TV Officielle, ambayo hutangaza maudhui ya uandishi wa habari na programu za mijadala. Vipindi vyake ni pamoja na: * ASOLOLI: programu iliyojitolea kwa matukio ya sasa na mijadala ya kijamii; * Special Débat: programu ya kubadilishana na mijadala kuhusu masuala ya kisiasa na kijamii. * Mpango huu unaashiria mageuzi bw0rriel7bw9oynw169vkg9mp03oo9l 1612421 1612371 2026-11-01T14:35:06Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612421 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paulette Kimuntu Kimpiob-Ndombe''' (anajulikana kama "The Lioness"; alizaliwa Mei 13, 1971, huko Kinshasa) ni mwandishi wa habari, mtangazaji wa televisheni, na mjasiriamali wa vyombo vya habari kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Alipata umaarufu katika mandhari ya vyombo vya habari vya Kongo kutokana na vipindi vyake, ambavyo vililenga zaidi habari za kisiasa, kiuchumi, na kijamii. Amefanya kazi katika gazeti la kila siku "Forum des As," Kin Malebo Television, BRT Africa, Couleurs Television, 2AS TV, na Congo Web TV, ambapo aliwasilisha kipindi cha kisiasa "Info 7" kwa miaka kadhaa. Baada ya kuacha chaneli hii mnamo 2021, aliendelea na kazi yake katika vyombo vya habari huru na kutengeneza programu zake za sauti na taswira. Pia ndiye mwanzilishi wa chama cha Press for Progress, shirika lisilo la faida lililoanzishwa mnamo 2017. == Wasifu == === Asili na Utoto === Paulette Kimuntu alizaliwa Mei 13, 1971, huko Kinshasa, mji mkuu wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Anatoka katika familia ya Wakongo asili yake ni eneo la Mwiki katika eneo la Bulungu la jimbo la Kwilu. Yeye ni binti wa Yvon Kimpiob, mwanasiasa mashuhuri wa Kongo ambaye alishikilia nyadhifa katika bunge la chini la Bunge la Kongo mnamo 1960, na Pauline Kimuntu, mwalimu wa shule ya msingi na mkuu wa shule. === Ellimu na Mafunzo === Paulette Kimuntu alikamilisha elimu yake ya sekondari katika Shule ya Upili ya Kimwenza huko Kinshasa, ambapo alipata diploma ya serikali katika ufundishaji wa jumla mnamo 1990. Kisha akaendelea na elimu ya juu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Kitaifa cha Ufundishaji (UPN), akibobea katika tafsiri na ukalimani wa Kiingereza-Kifaransa. Alihitimu mnamo 2002. Pia aliongezea masomo yake na kozi mbalimbali za ukuzaji wa kitaaluma. Mafunzo yake ya lugha yalimwezesha kukuza ujuzi imara wa mawasiliano na usindikaji wa habari. Anazungumza Kifaransa, Kiingereza, Kilingala, na Kikongo, miongoni mwa lugha zingine. == Kazi == === Miaka ya Mapema katika Uandishi wa Habari za Uchapishaji === Paulette Kimuntu alianza kazi yake ya uandishi wa habari mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990. Alichukua hatua zake za kwanza katika uandishi wa habari za magazeti katika Jukwaa la kila siku la Forum des As, ambapo alifanya kazi kama mwanafunzi kabla ya kuendelea na taaluma yake ya uandishi wa habari. Uzoefu huu wa awali ulimruhusu kugundua jinsi chumba cha habari kinavyofanya kazi, mbinu za kukusanya taarifa, na mahitaji ya uandishi wa habari. === Televisheni ya Kin Malebo ==== Baada ya uzoefu wake katika uandishi wa habari za magazeti, alihamia katika uandishi wa habari za matangazo. Alijiunga na Televisheni ya Kin Malebo (TKM), ambapo alifanya kazi hasa kama mwandishi wa habari. Huko, alipata uzoefu katika uandishi wa habari, kutoa ripoti, na kuwasilisha programu za televisheni. Hii ilikuwa mwanzo wa kazi yake katika tasnia ya televisheni ya Kongo. === BRT Africa, Couleurs Télévision, na 2AS TV === Paulette Kimuntu aliendelea na kazi yake katika vituo kadhaa vya televisheni, ikiwa ni pamoja na BRT Africa, Couleurs Télévision, na 2AS TV. Katika Couleurs Télévision, alishiriki sana katika uandaaji wa kipindi cha Elite. Uzoefu huu mbalimbali ulisaidia kupanua shughuli zake za kitaaluma, ikijumuisha uandaaji wa vipindi, mahojiano, kuripoti, na uandishi wa habari. === Televisheni ya Mtandao ya Congo na Programu ya Info7 ==== Mnamo 2011, Paulette Kimuntu alijiunga na Congo Web TV, kituo cha televisheni cha Kongo ambapo alifanya kazi kwa takriban miaka kumi. Alikuwa mmoja wa watangazaji wa vipindi vya habari na masuala ya kisiasa. Aliongoza vipindi vya Info7 na L'International. Kipindi cha Info7 ni mojawapo ya vipindi vinavyohusiana naye kwa karibu zaidi. Kwenye kipindi hicho, aliwahoji watu mbalimbali wa kisiasa, kiuchumi, na kijamii ili kujadili mada zinazohusiana na utawala, habari za kitaifa, na masuala ya kijamii. Mtindo wake wa mahojiano na michango yake katika mijadala ya kisiasa imechangia kuonekana kwake katika mandhari ya vyombo vya habari vya Kongo. Mnamo Aprili 30, 2021, alitangaza hadharani kuondoka kwake kutoka Congo Web TV. Uamuzi huu ulikuja baada ya usimamizi wa kituo hicho kusimamisha majukumu yake ya utangazaji kwenye kipindi cha Info7, akitoa sababu ya utovu wa nidhamu wa kitaaluma. === Ujasiriamali wa Vyombo vya Habari === ==== Uundaji wa La Lionne TV ==== Baada ya kuondoka Congo Web TV mwaka wa 2021, Paulette Kimuntu aliendelea na shughuli zake za uandishi wa habari kama mfanyakazi huru. Anaendeleza uwepo wake wa kidijitali kupitia chaneli yake ya YouTube, La Lionne TV Officielle, ambayo hutangaza maudhui ya uandishi wa habari na programu za mijadala. Vipindi vyake ni pamoja na: * ASOLOLI: programu iliyojitolea kwa matukio ya sasa na mijadala ya kijamii; * Special Débat: programu ya kubadilishana na mijadala kuhusu masuala ya kisiasa na kijamii. * Mpango huu unaashiria mageuzi [[Jamii:wanawake wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] cnxcgv1vgbicasiiojbc22e85cb1qdd 0 256547 1612422 1612369 2026-11-01T14:36:22Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1612422 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Flory Bidunga''' (alizaliwa 20 Mei 2005) na ni mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Anacheza katika nafasi ya 'center' akiwa na timu ya Louisville Cardinals katika Divisheni ya I ya NCAA<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-001">{{en} ; ''Men's College Bask : [https://collegefootballnetwork.com/mens-college-basketball/who-flory-bidunga-parents-meet-family-behind-rising-star/, Who Are Flory Bidunga’s Parents? Meet the Family Behind the Rising Star], sur collegefootballnetwork.com, date=01 avril 2025, consulté le 23 octobre</ref>. == Wasifu == === Maisha ya awali === Flory Bidunga alikulia [[Kinshasa]], ambapo hapo awali alicheza soka; ndoto yake ilikuwa kuchezea Uhispania<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-002">{{en}} ; ''Eric Crawford : [https://www.wdrbwave.com/2026/10/22/crawford-flory-bidunga-went-back-kansas-obinna-ekezie-stole-show/, CRAWFORD : Flory Bidunga went back to Kansas. Obinna Ekezie stole the show], sur www.wdrbwave.com, 22 octobre 2026 à 08:07' AM UTC+2, consulté le 23 octobre 2026</ref>. Siku moja, alipokuwa akifanya manunuzi na mama yake, mtu asiyemfahamu alimwambia, “Unapaswa kucheza mpira wa kikapu.” Hilo ndilo lililokuwa mabadiliko hayo<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-003">{{fr}} ; ''Lucas Lonchampt (The One And Only Cactus) : [https://leroster.com/flory-bidunga-congolais-peut-il-faire-le-bond-en-nba/, Flory Bidunga, le congolais peut-il faire le bond en NBA ?], leroster.com, 22 janvier 2025, consulté le 23 octobre</ref>. Akiwa na umri wa miaka 15, baada ya mwaka wake wa kwanza wa shule ya sekondari, alihamia Marekani na kuishi Kokomo, Indiana<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004">{{en}} ; ''Riley Hibdon : [https://throughthephog.com/kansas-basketball-2025-26-player-profile-flory-bidunga, Kansas Basketball 2025 – 26 Player Profile: Flory Bidunga], sur throughthephog.com, 03 novembre 2025 à 11:17' AM (EST), consulté le 23 octobre 2026</ref>. === Maisha ya Michezo Shule ya Sekondari === Katika Shule ya Sekondari ya Kokomo, amekuwa mmoja wa wachezaji bora zaidi nchini. Akiwa mwanafunzi wa mwaka wa pili (2021–22), alikuwa na wastani wa pointi 17.5, mipira iliyonaswa (rebounds) 13.3, na mipira iliyozuiwa (blocks) 5.3<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" />. Akiwa mwanafunzi wa mwaka wa tatu, alikuwa na wastani wa pointi 20.2, mipira 13.8 iliyonaswa kutoka kwenye ubao (rebounds), na vizuizi 4.5, na akatajwa kuwa Mchezaji Bora wa Mwaka wa Indiana Gatorade<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" />. Katika mwaka huo, alikuwa na wastani wa pointi 19.0, mipira 12.9 iliyonaswa kutoka kwenye ubao (rebounds), na vizuizi 4.4, na akatajwa kuwa Mchezaji Bora wa Mwaka wa Indiana Gatorade pamoja na kupata tuzo ya 'Indiana Mr. Gatorade Player of the Year'. Mpira wa Kikapu<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-004" />. === Maisha ya Michezo Chuoni === Katika msimu wake wa kwanza akiwa na Kansas Jayhawks mnamo 2024–2025, alicheza michezo 34, ikiwemo michezo 6 aliyoanza, akihudumu kama mchezaji mbadala wa Hunter Dickinson. Aliweka rekodi ya chuo kwa mchezaji wa mwaka wa kwanza kwa kufunga kwa asilimia 69.8 ya majaribio yake ya kurusha mpira uwanjani<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-005">{{en}} ; ''Dana Brown : [https://gocards.com/news/2026/6/2/mens-basketball-kelsey-announces-flory-bidunga-signing, Men's Basketball : Kelsey Announces Flory Bidunga Signing], sur gocards.com, 02 juin 2026, consulté le 23 octobre 2026</ref>. Takwimu zake ni pointi 5.9, ribaundi 5.4, na bloku 1.6 katika dakika 16.3<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-006">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.sofascore.com/fr/basketball/player/bidunga-flory/1915310, Statistiques de Flory Bidunga], sur, www.sofascore.com, consulté le 23 octobre 2026</ref>. Katika msimu wake wa pili, alikuwa mchezaji wa kuanza katika michezo 34 kati ya 35 aliyoshiriki. Alikuwa mchezaji pekee katika 'Division I' aliyekuwa na wastani wa angalau pointi 13, mipira iliyodakwa (rebounds) 9, na mipira iliyozuiwa (blocks) 2.6 kwa mchezo. Alimaliza akiwa kinara wa kuzuia mipira katika 'Big 12 Conference' akiwa na jumla ya mipira 91 iliyozuiwa (wastani wa 2.6 kwa mchezo), nafasi ya 10 kitaifa, na alifanikiwa kupata 'double-double' mara 13, pamoja na michezo minne ambapo alifunga pointi 20 au zaidi.<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-007">{en}} ; ''[https://kuathletics.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/flory-bidunga/16505, Flory Bidunga - 2025-26 Men's Basketball Roster], sur kuathletics.com, 2025 - 2026, consulté le 23 octobre 2026</ref>. Aliteuliwa kuwa Mchezaji Bora wa Ulinzi wa Mwaka katika ligi ya Big 12<ref name="big-12-dpoy"/>, All-Big 12 Equipe ya liboso<ref name="all-big-12"/>, Timu ya Wachezaji Bora wa Ulinzi<ref name="big-12-all-defense"/>, mmoja wa waliofika hatua ya mwisho kwa ajili ya Tuzo ya [[Kareem Abdul-Jabbar]], na pia miongoni mwa waliofika hatua ya mwisho kwa ajili ya tuzo za Mchezaji Bora wa Mwaka za Naismith pamoja na Tuzo ya Mchezaji Bora wa Mwaka katika Ulinzi<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-007" />. Alishiriki katika hafla ya tathmini ya wachezaji (Draft Combine) ya NBA ya mwaka 2026 na kisha akastaafu<ref name="realgm">RealGM - Flory Bidunga - Early Entry 2026 Withdrew</ref>. Mnamo Juni 2, 2026, alitangaza kuhamia Louisville Cardinals, akiwa amewekwa katika nafasi ya 1 kwenye orodha ya wachezaji wanaohama (transfer portal) kulingana na On3 na 247Sports<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-007" />{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-008">{{en}} ; ''Henry Greenstein : [https://www2.kusports.com/sports/college/basketball-men/2026/oct/20/bidungas-return-to-lawrence-headlines-ku-louisville-exhibition-clash/, Bidunga’s return to Lawrence headlines KU-Louisville exhibition clash], sur www2.kusports.com, 20 octobre 2026, consulté le 23 octobre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-009">{{en}} ; ''Louisville Courier Journal : [https://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/college/louisville/2026/10/20/flory-bidunga-louisville-basketball-stats-2026-27-kansas-kokomo-indiana-pat-kelsey-dr-congo/91988399007/?gca-cat=p&gnt-cfr=1, Flory Bidunga's journey to Louisville comes full circle with Kansas exhibition : Exclusive], sur www.courier-journal.com, 20 octobre 2026, consulté le 23 octobre 2026</ref>. == Takwimu == === NCAA === {| class="wikitable" |+ Takwimu za wachezaji wa NBA zinaanza |- |- ! Kipindi!! Kuhama!! Michezo Imetokea!! Michezo Anza!! Dakika/Cheza !! Lengo la uwanja %!! 3-Pointi % !! Uzinduzi Bila Malipo !! Rebounds!! Inasaidia!! Mwizi!! Vitalu!! Yaliyomo kwenye |- | 2024-2025 <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-007" />,<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-011">{{en}} ; ''[https://www.espn.com/mens-college-basketball/player/gamelog/_/id/5044426/flory-bidunga, Flory Bidunga 2025-26 : Louisville Cardinals], sur www.espn.com, 2025 - 2026, consulté le 23 octobre 2026</ref> || ''Jayhawks du Kansas'' || 34 || 6 || 16,3 || 69,8% || 0% || 53,3% || 5,4 || 0,3 || 0,6 || 1,6 || 5,9 |- | 2025-2026 <ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-007" />,<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-006" />,<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-012">{{en}} ; ''[https://www.bebasket.fr/joueur/flory-bidunga, Flory Bidunga : stats, dernier match et actualité], sur www.espn.com, 2025-2026, consulté le 23 octobre 2026</ref> || Jayhawks du Kansas || 35 || 34 || 31,6 || 64,0% || 0% || 65,4% || 9,0 || 1,5 || 0,7 || 2,6 || 13,3 |- | colspan=2 | Kazi<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-006" />,<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-012" /> | 69 || 40 || 24,1 || 65,7% || 0% || 61,8% || 7,2 || 0,9 || 0,7 || 2,1 || 9,6 |} == Tuzo na Heshima == * Big 12 Defensive Player of the Year (2026)<ref name="ADAM&WINEUR-013">{{en}}; ''KSNT Topeka : ''[https://sports.yahoo.com/articles/flory-bidunga-named-naismith-defensive-234146449.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAADFBA29ewYBC4V4IU3Q9wP4pYZg8TGvhPiaHv3effuygBusd6u5XNerospPcqPSZlrGSycRkrwKcGTsi7GK2zwSj-n7R9QQKDBzc2IBkDZJclptBipra4xVzm5avSon7RFCnZzqly2DP2HkMa5dDnSZLEcpJHAHlbMtR4xp4U_ra, Flory Bidunga named to Naismith Defensive Player of the Year Late-Season Team], sur www.espn.com, 28 février 2026, consulté le 23 octobre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="big-12-dpoy">{{en}} ; ''[https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/awards/men/big-12-dpoy.html, Men's Big 12 Conference Defensive Player of the Year Winners Winners], sur sports-reference.com, consulté le 25 10 2026</ref> * All-Big 12 First Team (2026)<ref name="all-big-12">{{en}} ; ''[https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/awards/men/all-big-12.html, Men's All-Big 12 Conference Winners], sur sports-reference.com, consulté le 25 10 2026</ref> * Big 12 All-Defensive Team (2026)<ref name="big-12-all-defense">{{en}} ; ''[https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/awards/men/big-12-all-defense.html, Men's Big 12 Conference All-Defensive Winners], sur sports-reference.com, consulté le 25 10 2026}}</ref> * NABC Central District Second Team (2026) * Indiana Mr. Basketball (2024) * 2× Indiana Gatorade Player of the Year (2023, 2024) * McDonald's All-American (2024) == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://kuathletics.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/flory-bidunga/ Profil Kansas] * [https://gocards.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/flory-bidunga/ Profil Louisville] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2005]] [[Jamii:Mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Wakongo wanaoishi Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanariadha kutoka DRC waliohamia Marekani]] 4qw3ju4mv0pwuc0x1jiwpz0r34jb46c 14 256549 1612393 2026-11-01T14:01:01Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Jamii:Miji Mikuu Asia|N]] [[Jamii:Miji Mikuu Ulaya|N]] [[Jamii:Miji ya Kupro|N]]' 1612393 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Miji Mikuu Asia|N]] [[Jamii:Miji Mikuu Ulaya|N]] [[Jamii:Miji ya Kupro|N]] c522x4qlwruy9g3f9mckkuw47604siz 0 256550 1612430 2026-11-01T16:49:22Z OtikolenoiL 71204 Created by translating the page "[[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/240918619|Guylain Kipoke]]" 1612430 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guylain Kipoke Omba''' Guylain Kipoke ni mwandishi wa picha na mpiga picha kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Anafanya kazi kwa Shirika la Habari la Kongo (ACP). Anajulikana sana kwa kushinda Tuzo Kuu ya 2025 ya Picha Bora kutoka Shirikisho la Atlantiki la Mashirika ya Habari Afrika (FAAPA), iliyotolewa Januari 2026 huko Marrakech, Moroko. Pia aliteuliwa kuwa mratibu wa Mtandao wa Wapiga Picha wa Mashirika ya Habari Afrika (RPJ/FAAPA) mnamo Oktoba 2025. == Wasifu == Anafanya kazi kama mwandishi wa picha wa Shirika la Habari la Kongo, ambapo anapiga picha ili kuonyesha habari za kitaifa na kimataifa. Kazi yake inashughulikia matukio ya kisiasa, kijamii, na michezo katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. == Kazi ya Kitaalamu == === Uandishi wa picha katika ACP === Guylain Kipoke anafanya kazi kama mwandishi wa picha wa Shirika la Habari la Kongo (ACP), shirika la habari la kitaifa la Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Picha zake zimeangaziwa katika machapisho yanayohusu habari za Kongo. Baadhi ya picha zake zimechapishwa katika vyombo vya habari vya kuchapishwa, hasa katika Le Courrier de Kinshasa, ambapo jina lake linaonekana katika picha za makala kuhusu habari za michezo. === Uratibu wa Mtandao wa Wapiga Picha wa FAAPA === Mnamo Oktoba 2, 2025, huko Rabat, Moroko, Guylain Kipoke Omba aliteuliwa kuwa mratibu wa Mtandao wa Wapiga Picha wa Mashirika ya Habari ya Afrika (RPJ/FAAPA). Shirika hili lina uhusiano na Shirikisho la Atlantiki la Mashirika ya Habari ya Afrika na linawaleta pamoja wataalamu kutoka mashirika wanachama. Malengo ya mtandao huo ni pamoja na kukuza ubadilishanaji wa uzoefu, ushiriki wa ujuzi, na ushirikiano miongoni mwa wapiga picha kutoka mashirika ya habari ya Afrika. Anasaidiwa na Abdoul Rahamane Ousman Maman wa Shirika la Habari la Nigerien, Katibu Mkuu aliyeteuliwa, na Amara Kargbo wa Shirika la Habari la Sierra Leone, aliyeteuliwa kuwa Naibu Katibu Mkuu. === Tuzo Kuu ya FAAPA 2025 kwa Picha Bora === Mnamo Januari 29, 2026, Guylain Kipoke alipokea Tuzo Kuu ya FAAPA 2025 kwa Picha Bora katika sherehe iliyofanyika Marrakech, kando ya Mkutano Mkuu wa tisa wa Shirikisho. Picha iliyoshinda inaonyesha familia iliyookolewa wakati wa mafuriko yaliyosababishwa na mvua kubwa iliyonyesha Kinshasa mnamo Aprili 2025. Picha hiyo inaonyesha gharama ya kibinadamu ya mafuriko katika mji mkuu wa Kongo. Tuzo hii inatambua kazi ya upigaji picha iliyochaguliwa kutoka miongoni mwa mawasilisho ya mashirika ya habari wanachama wa FAAPA. Kombe lilitolewa kwake katika sherehe rasmi ya tuzo. == Tuzo == * 2025: Tuzo Kuu ya FAAPA kwa Picha Bora, iliyotolewa Januari. * 2026 huko Marrakech, Morocco. * Majukumu ya Kitaalamu. * Mratibu wa Mtandao wa Waandishi wa Picha kutoka Mashirika ya Habari ya Afrika (RPJ/FAAPA). 0mbg6uqpql5wr1d6jzfvxuokep2hqsw 1612431 1612430 2026-11-01T16:49:50Z OtikolenoiL 71204 1612431 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guylain Kipoke Omba''' ni mwandishi wa picha na mpiga picha kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Anafanya kazi kwa Shirika la Habari la Kongo (ACP). Anajulikana sana kwa kushinda Tuzo Kuu ya 2025 ya Picha Bora kutoka Shirikisho la Atlantiki la Mashirika ya Habari Afrika (FAAPA), iliyotolewa Januari 2026 huko Marrakech, Moroko. Pia aliteuliwa kuwa mratibu wa Mtandao wa Wapiga Picha wa Mashirika ya Habari Afrika (RPJ/FAAPA) mnamo Oktoba 2025. == Wasifu == Anafanya kazi kama mwandishi wa picha wa Shirika la Habari la Kongo, ambapo anapiga picha ili kuonyesha habari za kitaifa na kimataifa. Kazi yake inashughulikia matukio ya kisiasa, kijamii, na michezo katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. == Kazi ya Kitaalamu == === Uandishi wa picha katika ACP === Guylain Kipoke anafanya kazi kama mwandishi wa picha wa Shirika la Habari la Kongo (ACP), shirika la habari la kitaifa la Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Picha zake zimeangaziwa katika machapisho yanayohusu habari za Kongo. Baadhi ya picha zake zimechapishwa katika vyombo vya habari vya kuchapishwa, hasa katika Le Courrier de Kinshasa, ambapo jina lake linaonekana katika picha za makala kuhusu habari za michezo. === Uratibu wa Mtandao wa Wapiga Picha wa FAAPA === Mnamo Oktoba 2, 2025, huko Rabat, Moroko, Guylain Kipoke Omba aliteuliwa kuwa mratibu wa Mtandao wa Wapiga Picha wa Mashirika ya Habari ya Afrika (RPJ/FAAPA). Shirika hili lina uhusiano na Shirikisho la Atlantiki la Mashirika ya Habari ya Afrika na linawaleta pamoja wataalamu kutoka mashirika wanachama. Malengo ya mtandao huo ni pamoja na kukuza ubadilishanaji wa uzoefu, ushiriki wa ujuzi, na ushirikiano miongoni mwa wapiga picha kutoka mashirika ya habari ya Afrika. Anasaidiwa na Abdoul Rahamane Ousman Maman wa Shirika la Habari la Nigerien, Katibu Mkuu aliyeteuliwa, na Amara Kargbo wa Shirika la Habari la Sierra Leone, aliyeteuliwa kuwa Naibu Katibu Mkuu. === Tuzo Kuu ya FAAPA 2025 kwa Picha Bora === Mnamo Januari 29, 2026, Guylain Kipoke alipokea Tuzo Kuu ya FAAPA 2025 kwa Picha Bora katika sherehe iliyofanyika Marrakech, kando ya Mkutano Mkuu wa tisa wa Shirikisho. Picha iliyoshinda inaonyesha familia iliyookolewa wakati wa mafuriko yaliyosababishwa na mvua kubwa iliyonyesha Kinshasa mnamo Aprili 2025. Picha hiyo inaonyesha gharama ya kibinadamu ya mafuriko katika mji mkuu wa Kongo. Tuzo hii inatambua kazi ya upigaji picha iliyochaguliwa kutoka miongoni mwa mawasilisho ya mashirika ya habari wanachama wa FAAPA. Kombe lilitolewa kwake katika sherehe rasmi ya tuzo. == Tuzo == * 2025: Tuzo Kuu ya FAAPA kwa Picha Bora, iliyotolewa Januari. * 2026 huko Marrakech, Morocco. * Majukumu ya Kitaalamu. * Mratibu wa Mtandao wa Waandishi wa Picha kutoka Mashirika ya Habari ya Afrika (RPJ/FAAPA). nypnks3jvhf350bqgor4qzb45mtaakl 0 256551 1612443 2026-11-01T18:30:40Z OtikolenoiL 71204 Created by translating the page "[[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/240921223|Michel Bakenda]]" 1612443 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michel Hardy Bakenda''', anayejulikana kama '''Michel Bakenda''', ni [[mwimbaji]], mtunzi wa nyimbo na [[Nyimbo za Kiinjili|mwimbaji wa nyimbo za Kikristo]] [[Mtunzi|kutoka]] [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] . Anafanya kazi katika [[Muziki|muziki wa injili]] na akajulikana kwa umma wa Kongo kupitia albamu yake ''Dieu de ma vie'', "Dieu de ma vie" (Mungu wa Maisha Yangu). Pia ndiye mwanzilishi wa shirika la muziki "Autour du Trône" (Around the Throne) na Bakenda Foundation. == Wasifu == Kuvutiwa kwake na muziki wa Kikristo kunahusishwa sana na mama yake, ambaye aliimba katika kwaya. Inasemekana alivutiwa na muziki katika utoto wake. == Kazi ya Muziki == === Siku za Mapema katika Muziki wa Kikristo === Michel Bakenda alianza kujipatia jina katika duru za muziki wa Kikristo mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 2000. Mnamo 2003, alijiunga na jumuiya ya Kituo cha Kiinjili cha Silo, kilichoongozwa na Mtume Jean-Baptiste Sumbela, ambapo alishiriki katika shughuli za muziki na kukuza ujuzi wake wa sauti. Kisha alijiunga na kwaya kuu ya jumuiya hii, inayoitwa "Kiongozi wa Ibada na Mwandishi wa Nyimbo." Huko, pia aliendeleza ujuzi wake wa uandishi wa nyimbo na utunzi wa muziki. Mnamo 2009, alijiunga na kikundi cha kuabudu "Écho d'Adoration," kilichoongozwa na mwimbaji wa injili Franck Mulaja. Uzoefu huu ulichangia ukuaji wake katika muziki wa injili wa Kongo na kumruhusu kushiriki katika maonyesho na ushirikiano mbalimbali. === Kazi ya Solo === Mnamo 2015, Michel Bakenda alipata umaarufu mkubwa baada ya kutolewa kwa albamu yake ya kwanza ya pekee, Dieu de ma vie (God of My Life), iliyojumuisha nyimbo kumi na tano. Miongoni mwa nyimbo kwenye albamu hii ni "Na finir" (I Will Conclude), "Bolingo nini oyo" (I Will Let You), na "Bolamu eleki ebele" (I Will Let You). Albamu hiyo pia inajumuisha ushirikiano na wasanii wa muziki wa Kikristo wa Kongo, haswa Henry Papa Mulaja. Wimbo "Sembola Loboko" (I Will Let You) ulichangia kuonekana kwake katika ulimwengu wa muziki wa injili. === Albamu na Utayarishaji wa Muziki === Katika kazi yake yote, Michel Bakenda ametoa miradi kadhaa ya muziki, ikiwa ni pamoja na albamu za studio na rekodi za matamasha. Miongoni mwa majina na miradi inayohusiana na repertoire yake ni: Dieu de ma vie (Mungu wa Maisha Yangu); Oza Nzambe (Mungu ni Mungu); Chante avec moi (Imba nami); Niguse; Makambu; La leçon de mon épreuve (Somo la Jaribio Langu); Dieu de mon âge (Mungu wa Enzi Yangu). Mnamo Aprili 10, 2024, Shirika la Habari la Kongo lilitangaza kutolewa kwa albamu yake Dieu de mon âge, inayopatikana kwenye majukwaa ya upakuaji halali. Mradi huu unawasilishwa kama kazi iliyoongozwa na safari yake ya kiroho. Juzuu yake ya kwanza inajumuisha nyimbo kumi na nane, miongoni mwao Likolo na nionso (Neno Langu liko nawe) na Tala lelo tosuki wapi (Uko nami). Pia inaangazia ushirikiano na Paul Bakenda, Mike Kalambay, na Franck Mulaja. === Matamasha na Ushirikiano === Michel Bakenda anashiriki katika matamasha kadhaa na uzalishaji wa muziki katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na nje ya nchi. Mnamo Aprili 2024, alitangaza tamasha katika Kituo cha Dominion huko London, kilichopangwa kufanyika Juni 15 mwaka huo. Mkusanyiko wake pia unajumuisha ushirikiano na wasanii kadhaa wa injili, haswa Franck Mulaja, Mike Kalambay, Fiston Mbuyi, Lord Lombo, Grâce Lokwa, na Sandra Mbuyi. == Mashirika na Ahadi == === Kuzunguka Kiti cha Enzi === Michel Bakenda ndiye mwanzilishi wa shirika la muziki "Kuzunguka Kiti cha Enzi," lililoundwa ili kuendeleza shughuli zinazohusiana na sifa na ibada ya Kikristo. === Wakfu wa Bakenda === Pia anahusishwa na Wakfu wa Bakenda, shirika linaloelezewa kuwa limejitolea kutoa msaada kwa watu walio katika mazingira magumu na yatima. Hata hivyo, taarifa zinazopatikana hadharani haziruhusu maelezo sahihi ya programu zake, hadhi yake ya kisheria, na mafanikio yake. == Tuzo == 2015: Tuzo ya Wimbo Bora wa Injili katika Tuzo za Ndule, kwa Sembola Loboko. Kujiondoa kwenye Eneo la Muziki Mnamo Februari 3, 2020, Michel Bakenda alitangaza kwenye mitandao yake ya kijamii kujiondoa kwa muda kutoka kwenye eneo la muziki. Uamuzi huu ulikuja huku kukiwa na utata wa vyombo vya habari ukimzunguka. Mnamo Oktoba 25, 2024, alichapisha ujumbe mwingine ambapo alitaja nia yake ya kumaliza kazi yake ya uimbaji wa kitaalamu, bila kutangaza tarehe maalum ya kujiondoa huku. == Diski Iliyochaguliwa == Dieu de ma vie (2015) Oza Nzambe Chante avec moi (2021) Moja kwa Moja (2021) Makambu (2022) La leçon de mon epreuve (2023) Dieu de mon âge, vol. I (2024) lbvddxls17jnd9105yorcq5vm1t44mc 1612445 1612443 2026-11-01T18:32:23Z OtikolenoiL 71204 1612445 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michel Hardy Bakenda''', anayejulikana kama '''Michel Bakenda''', ni [[mwimbaji]], mtunzi wa nyimbo na [[Nyimbo za Kiinjili|mwimbaji wa nyimbo za Kikristo]] [[Mtunzi|kutoka]] [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] . Anafanya kazi katika [[Muziki|muziki wa injili]] na akajulikana kwa umma wa Kongo kupitia albamu yake ''Dieu de ma vie'' (Mungu wa Maisha Yangu). Pia ndiye mwanzilishi wa shirika la muziki "Autour du Trône" (Around the Throne) na Bakenda Foundation. == Wasifu == Kuvutiwa kwake na muziki wa Kikristo kunahusishwa sana na mama yake, ambaye aliimba katika kwaya. Inasemekana alivutiwa na muziki katika utoto wake. == Kazi ya Muziki == === Siku za Mapema katika Muziki wa Kikristo === Michel Bakenda alianza kujipatia jina katika duru za muziki wa Kikristo mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 2000. Mnamo 2003, alijiunga na jumuiya ya Kituo cha Kiinjili cha Silo, kilichoongozwa na Mtume Jean-Baptiste Sumbela, ambapo alishiriki katika shughuli za muziki na kukuza ujuzi wake wa sauti. Kisha alijiunga na kwaya kuu ya jumuiya hii, inayoitwa "Kiongozi wa Ibada na Mwandishi wa Nyimbo." Huko, pia aliendeleza ujuzi wake wa uandishi wa nyimbo na utunzi wa muziki. Mnamo 2009, alijiunga na kikundi cha kuabudu "Écho d'Adoration," kilichoongozwa na mwimbaji wa injili Franck Mulaja. Uzoefu huu ulichangia ukuaji wake katika muziki wa injili wa Kongo na kumruhusu kushiriki katika maonyesho na ushirikiano mbalimbali. === Kazi ya Solo === Mnamo 2015, Michel Bakenda alipata umaarufu mkubwa baada ya kutolewa kwa albamu yake ya kwanza ya pekee, Dieu de ma vie (God of My Life), iliyojumuisha nyimbo kumi na tano. Miongoni mwa nyimbo kwenye albamu hii ni "Na finir" (I Will Conclude), "Bolingo nini oyo" (I Will Let You), na "Bolamu eleki ebele" (I Will Let You). Albamu hiyo pia inajumuisha ushirikiano na wasanii wa muziki wa Kikristo wa Kongo, haswa Henry Papa Mulaja. Wimbo "Sembola Loboko" (I Will Let You) ulichangia kuonekana kwake katika ulimwengu wa muziki wa injili. === Albamu na Utayarishaji wa Muziki === Katika kazi yake yote, Michel Bakenda ametoa miradi kadhaa ya muziki, ikiwa ni pamoja na albamu za studio na rekodi za matamasha. Miongoni mwa majina na miradi inayohusiana na repertoire yake ni: * Dieu de ma vie (Mungu wa Maisha Yangu); * Oza Nzambe (Mungu ni Mungu); Chante avec moi (Imba nami); * Niguse; Makambu; La leçon de mon épreuve (Somo la Jaribio Langu); * Dieu de mon âge (Mungu wa Enzi Yangu). Mnamo Aprili 10, 2024, Shirika la Habari la Kongo lilitangaza kutolewa kwa albamu yake Dieu de mon âge, inayopatikana kwenye majukwaa ya upakuaji halali. Mradi huu unawasilishwa kama kazi iliyoongozwa na safari yake ya kiroho. Juzuu yake ya kwanza inajumuisha nyimbo kumi na nane, miongoni mwao Likolo na nionso (Neno Langu liko nawe) na Tala lelo tosuki wapi (Uko nami). Pia inaangazia ushirikiano na Paul Bakenda, Mike Kalambay, na Franck Mulaja. === Matamasha na Ushirikiano === Michel Bakenda anashiriki katika matamasha kadhaa na uzalishaji wa muziki katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na nje ya nchi. Mnamo Aprili 2024, alitangaza tamasha katika Kituo cha Dominion huko London, kilichopangwa kufanyika Juni 15 mwaka huo. Mkusanyiko wake pia unajumuisha ushirikiano na wasanii kadhaa wa injili, haswa Franck Mulaja, Mike Kalambay, Fiston Mbuyi, Lord Lombo, Grâce Lokwa, na Sandra Mbuyi. == Mashirika na Ahadi == === Kuzunguka Kiti cha Enzi === Michel Bakenda ndiye mwanzilishi wa shirika la muziki "Kuzunguka Kiti cha Enzi," lililoundwa ili kuendeleza shughuli zinazohusiana na sifa na ibada ya Kikristo. === Wakfu wa Bakenda === Pia anahusishwa na Wakfu wa Bakenda, shirika linaloelezewa kuwa limejitolea kutoa msaada kwa watu walio katika mazingira magumu na yatima. Hata hivyo, taarifa zinazopatikana hadharani haziruhusu maelezo sahihi ya programu zake, hadhi yake ya kisheria, na mafanikio yake. == Tuzo == 2015: Tuzo ya Wimbo Bora wa Injili katika Tuzo za Ndule, kwa Sembola Loboko. Kujiondoa kwenye Eneo la Muziki Mnamo Februari 3, 2020, Michel Bakenda alitangaza kwenye mitandao yake ya kijamii kujiondoa kwa muda kutoka kwenye eneo la muziki. Uamuzi huu ulikuja huku kukiwa na utata wa vyombo vya habari ukimzunguka. Mnamo Oktoba 25, 2024, alichapisha ujumbe mwingine ambapo alitaja nia yake ya kumaliza kazi yake ya uimbaji wa kitaalamu, bila kutangaza tarehe maalum ya kujiondoa huku. == Diski Iliyochaguliwa == Dieu de ma vie (2015) Oza Nzambe Chante avec moi (2021) Moja kwa Moja (2021) Makambu (2022) La leçon de mon epreuve (2023) Dieu de mon âge, vol. I (2024) ifzklsxv7rbulozab21z0o8mkbv689p 3 256552 1612519 2026-11-02T09:48:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612519 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) sjww60aq8vjdo2xm4rlhfzqoxmqzt1b 3 256553 1612520 2026-11-02T09:48:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612520 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) sjww60aq8vjdo2xm4rlhfzqoxmqzt1b 3 256554 1612521 2026-11-02T09:48:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612521 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) sjww60aq8vjdo2xm4rlhfzqoxmqzt1b 3 256555 1612522 2026-11-02T09:48:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612522 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) sjww60aq8vjdo2xm4rlhfzqoxmqzt1b 3 256556 1612523 2026-11-02T09:48:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612523 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) sjww60aq8vjdo2xm4rlhfzqoxmqzt1b 3 256557 1612524 2026-11-02T09:49:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612524 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) ezk00vgvo5wtwolckh4nrto94c2j8zw 3 256558 1612525 2026-11-02T09:49:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612525 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) ezk00vgvo5wtwolckh4nrto94c2j8zw 3 256559 1612526 2026-11-02T09:49:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612526 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) ezk00vgvo5wtwolckh4nrto94c2j8zw 3 256560 1612527 2026-11-02T09:49:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612527 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) ezk00vgvo5wtwolckh4nrto94c2j8zw 3 256561 1612528 2026-11-02T09:49:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612528 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) ezk00vgvo5wtwolckh4nrto94c2j8zw 3 256562 1612529 2026-11-02T09:49:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612529 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) ezk00vgvo5wtwolckh4nrto94c2j8zw 3 256563 1612530 2026-11-02T09:50:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612530 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 8s12vf0rquyhoanoqa6cj90ktgcx8dg 3 256564 1612531 2026-11-02T09:50:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612531 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 8s12vf0rquyhoanoqa6cj90ktgcx8dg 3 256565 1612532 2026-11-02T09:50:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612532 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 8s12vf0rquyhoanoqa6cj90ktgcx8dg 3 256566 1612533 2026-11-02T09:50:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612533 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 8s12vf0rquyhoanoqa6cj90ktgcx8dg 3 256567 1612534 2026-11-02T09:50:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612534 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 8s12vf0rquyhoanoqa6cj90ktgcx8dg 3 256568 1612535 2026-11-02T09:50:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612535 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 8s12vf0rquyhoanoqa6cj90ktgcx8dg 3 256569 1612536 2026-11-02T09:51:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612536 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 9hbr44cer13t6z7j9om2k8gr0q8pcjz 3 256570 1612537 2026-11-02T09:51:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612537 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 9hbr44cer13t6z7j9om2k8gr0q8pcjz 3 256571 1612538 2026-11-02T09:51:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612538 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 9hbr44cer13t6z7j9om2k8gr0q8pcjz 3 256572 1612539 2026-11-02T09:51:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612539 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 9hbr44cer13t6z7j9om2k8gr0q8pcjz 3 256573 1612540 2026-11-02T09:51:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612540 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 9hbr44cer13t6z7j9om2k8gr0q8pcjz 3 256574 1612541 2026-11-02T09:51:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612541 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 9hbr44cer13t6z7j9om2k8gr0q8pcjz 3 256575 1612542 2026-11-02T09:52:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612542 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:52, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) fjw2whtpur1hszfa77ho52wa7f19mfa 3 256576 1612543 2026-11-02T09:52:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1612543 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:52, 2 Novemba 2026 (UTC) fjw2whtpur1hszfa77ho52wa7f19mfa 0 256577 1612545 2026-11-02T10:31:40Z OtikolenoiL 71204 Created by translating the page "[[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/240941273|Henri-Papa Mulaja]]" 1612545 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henri-Papa Mulaja''', anayejulikana pia kama '''Henry Papa Mulaja''', ni [[mwimbaji]] [[Nyimbo za Kiinjili|wa injili]] [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|wa Kongo]], mtunzi wa nyimbo na [[Mtunzi|mchungaji]] . Zamani alikuwa mwanachama wa kikundi cha muziki cha Kikristo cha Adorons l'Éternel (GAEL),Henri-Papa Mulaja ni mwimbaji wa injili wa Kongo, mtunzi wa nyimbo, na mchungaji. Akiwa mwanachama wa zamani wa kikundi cha muziki wa Kikristo cha Adorons l'Éternel (GAEL), pia alitumbuiza na kikundi cha Échos d'adoration. Kisha akafuata kazi ya muziki wa peke yake na kushikilia majukumu ya kichungaji ndani ya jumuiya ya Kikristo ya Souffle de vie huko Kinshasa. Kazi ya Muziki Miaka ya Mapema na Wakati na GAEL Henri-Papa Mulaja amekuwa akihusika katika muziki wa Kikristo wa Kongo tangu miaka ya 1990. Alikuwa mmoja wa wasanii waliohusishwa na kikundi cha ibada cha Adorons l'Éternel, kinachojulikana kama GAEL, kilichoanzishwa na mwimbaji na mtunzi wa nyimbo Alain Moloto. Mnamo Septemba 2022, akitafakari kuondoka kwake kutoka GAEL katika mahojiano, alielezea kwamba uamuzi huu ulitokana na tofauti za maoni na kutoelewana. Hata hivyo, alifafanua kwamba uhusiano kati ya wanachama wa zamani ulibaki wa kidugu na kwamba ushirikiano uliendelea baada ya kutengana. Echoes of Worship Kufuatia uzoefu wake na GAEL, Henri-Papa Mulaja aliendelea na safari yake ya kimuziki na kundi la Echoes of Worship, ambalo pia lilimjumuisha kaka yake, Franck Mulaja. Kikundi hicho kiliunda mkusanyiko wa muziki wa sifa na ibada wa Kikristo. Henri-Papa Mulaja alishiriki kama mwimbaji na mwanamuziki kabla ya kuendeleza miradi yake ya peke yake hatua kwa hatua. Kazi ya Pekee Mnamo Januari 11, 2020, Henri-Papa Mulaja aliwasilisha albamu yake ya kwanza ya peke yake, inayoitwa Merci Seigneur Jésus-Christ (Asante Bwana Yesu Kristo), katika mkutano na waandishi wa habari uliofanyika Kinshasa. Albamu hiyo inajumuisha nyimbo kumi na mbili zilizochezwa kwa Kifaransa na Lingala. Msanii huyo alieleza kwamba alichagua jina hili kutoa shukrani zake kwa Mungu. Pia aliwasilisha uzalishaji huu kama kazi inayoashiria hatua muhimu maishani mwake. Tamasha la uzinduzi lilifanyika Januari 19, 2020, katika ukumbi wa Showbuzz huko Kinshasa. Miongoni mwa nyimbo zinazohusiana na repertoire yake ni: Malasi Tembe Esili Toye kotombola Nzambe Malamu Libanga na nga Nzambe na ngai Mnamo Mei 2021, alitoa video ya muziki ya Nzambe na ngai, wimbo kutoka kwenye albamu ya Merci Seigneur Jésus-Christ (Asante Bwana Yesu Kristo). Utayarishaji wa Muziki Mnamo Septemba 2022, alitoa video ya muziki ya Tambolisa nga, wimbo ambao anaelezea hitaji la kuongozwa na Mungu. Shirika la Habari la Kongo (CPA) lilimtambulisha kama mtunzi wa nyimbo, mpiga ala, na mwandishi, na pia mwanachama wa kikundi cha Échos d'adoration (Echoes of Adoration). Tasnifu yake pia inajumuisha kazi zilizotolewa kwenye majukwaa ya muziki, haswa C'est Jésus (It's Jesus) (2022), Tambolisa ngai (2022), Na Gagner (I'm Winning) (2025), na Nionso Egumbama (I'm Giving You) (2025). rocyrx6idf3uemjosoj1scv4jzzzjpz 1612547 1612545 2026-11-02T10:35:00Z OtikolenoiL 71204 1612547 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henri-Papa Mulaja''', anayejulikana pia kama '''Henry Papa Mulaja''', ni [[mwimbaji]] [[Nyimbo za Kiinjili|wa injili]] [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|wa Kongo]], mtunzi wa nyimbo na [[Mtunzi|mchungaji]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa zamani wa kikundi cha muziki wa Kikristo cha Adorons l'Éternel (GAEL), pia alitumbuiza na kikundi cha Échos d'adoration. Kisha akafuata kazi ya muziki wa peke yake na kushikilia majukumu ya kichungaji ndani ya jumuiya ya Kikristo ya Souffle de vie huko Kinshasa. == Kazi ya Muziki == === Miaka ya Mapema na Wakati na GAEL === Henri-Papa Mulaja amekuwa akihusika katika muziki wa Kikristo wa Kongo tangu miaka ya 1990. Alikuwa mmoja wa wasanii waliohusishwa na kikundi cha ibada cha Adorons l'Éternel, kinachojulikana kama GAEL, kilichoanzishwa na mwimbaji na mtunzi wa nyimbo Alain Moloto. Mnamo Septemba 2022, akitafakari kuondoka kwake kutoka GAEL katika mahojiano, alielezea kwamba uamuzi huu ulitokana na tofauti za maoni na kutoelewana. Hata hivyo, alifafanua kwamba uhusiano kati ya wanachama wa zamani ulibaki wa kidugu na kwamba ushirikiano uliendelea baada ya kutengana. === Echoes of Worship === Kufuatia uzoefu wake na GAEL, Henri-Papa Mulaja aliendelea na safari yake ya kimuziki na kundi la Echoes of Worship, ambalo pia lilimjumuisha kaka yake, Franck Mulaja. Kikundi hicho kiliunda mkusanyiko wa muziki wa sifa na ibada wa Kikristo. Henri-Papa Mulaja alishiriki kama mwimbaji na mwanamuziki kabla ya kuendeleza miradi yake ya peke yake hatua kwa hatua. === Kazi ya Pekee ==== Mnamo Januari 11, 2020, Henri-Papa Mulaja aliwasilisha albamu yake ya kwanza ya peke yake, inayoitwa Merci Seigneur Jésus-Christ (Asante Bwana Yesu Kristo), katika mkutano na waandishi wa habari uliofanyika Kinshasa. Albamu hiyo inajumuisha nyimbo kumi na mbili zilizochezwa kwa Kifaransa na Lingala. Msanii huyo alieleza kwamba alichagua jina hili kutoa shukrani zake kwa Mungu. Pia aliwasilisha uzalishaji huu kama kazi inayoashiria hatua muhimu maishani mwake. Tamasha la uzinduzi lilifanyika Januari 19, 2020, katika ukumbi wa Showbuzz huko Kinshasa. Miongoni mwa nyimbo zinazohusiana na repertoire yake ni: * Malasi * Tembe Esili * Toye kotombola * Nzambe Malamu * Libanga na nga * Nzambe na ngai Mnamo Mei 2021, alitoa video ya muziki ya Nzambe na ngai, wimbo kutoka kwenye albamu ya Merci Seigneur Jésus-Christ (Asante Bwana Yesu Kristo). === Utayarishaji wa Muziki === Mnamo Septemba 2022, alitoa video ya muziki ya Tambolisa nga, wimbo ambao anaelezea hitaji la kuongozwa na Mungu. Shirika la Habari la Kongo (CPA) lilimtambulisha kama mtunzi wa nyimbo, mpiga ala, na mwandishi, na pia mwanachama wa kikundi cha Échos d'adoration (Echoes of Adoration). Tasnifu yake pia inajumuisha kazi zilizotolewa kwenye majukwaa ya muziki, haswa C'est Jésus (It's Jesus) (2022), Tambolisa ngai (2022), Na Gagner (I'm Winning) (2025), na Nionso Egumbama (I'm Giving You) (2025). 0zviy43kajq5ekn43ehtn1v52ynnjcq 0 256578 1612550 2026-11-02T11:14:13Z Mandago8 92940 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Malika Gaïd''' (1933–1957) alikuwa muuguzi wa Algeria ambaye alijiunga na Jeshi la Ukombozi wa Kitaifa(ALN) ili kuwatibu majeruhi na kupigania uhuru kutoka kwa Wafaransa wakati wa Vita vya Algeria mnamo 1955. Mnamo Juni 1958, alipigwa risasi na kuuawa na askari wa Ufaransa wakati akiwatetea majeruhi katika pango karibu na M'Chedallah. Gaïd anakumbukwa leo kama mmoja wa mashujaa wa uhuru wa Algeria.<ref name=qa>{{cite web|url=https://lequotidienalger...' 1612550 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Malika Gaïd''' (1933–1957) alikuwa muuguzi wa Algeria ambaye alijiunga na Jeshi la Ukombozi wa Kitaifa(ALN) ili kuwatibu majeruhi na kupigania uhuru kutoka kwa Wafaransa wakati wa Vita vya Algeria mnamo 1955. Mnamo Juni 1958, alipigwa risasi na kuuawa na askari wa Ufaransa wakati akiwatetea majeruhi katika pango karibu na M'Chedallah. Gaïd anakumbukwa leo kama mmoja wa mashujaa wa uhuru wa Algeria.<ref name=qa>{{cite web|url=https://lequotidienalgerie.org/2017/07/06/malika-gaid-une-icone-de-la-guerre-de-liberation/|title=Malika GAID, une icône de la guerre de libération|publisher=Le Soir d'Algérie|date=6 July 2017|author=Abachi L.|access-date=4 January 2021|language=fr|archive-date=8 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210108080837/https://lequotidienalgerie.org/2017/07/06/malika-gaid-une-icone-de-la-guerre-de-liberation/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=dk>{{cite web|url=https://www.depechedekabylie.com/culture/44360-malika-gaid-1933-1957//|title=Malika Gaïd (1933-1957)|publisher=La Dépêche de Kabylie|author=Mihoubi, Rachid|date=22 August 2007|access-date=4 January 2021 |language=fr}}</ref> Pamoja na mashujaa wengine, alikumbukwa katika mfululizo wa stempu za posta mnamo 2019.<ref name=poste>{{cite web|url=https://www.poste.dz/philately/s/1425|title=Martyres de la révolution|publisher=Algérie Poste|date=2019|access-date=4 January 2021|language=fr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604163555/https://www.poste.dz/philately/s/1425|archive-date=4 June 2024|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Wasifu == Alizaliwa mnamo 24 Agosti 1933 katika wilaya ya [[Belouizdad, Algiers|Belcourt]] huko [[Algiers]], Malika Gaïd alikuwa mdogo zaidi kati ya watoto saba katika familia ya tabaka la kati iliyokuwa na elimu na nia ya kushiriki katika harakati za uhuru. Baba yake, Mohand Amokrane, alikuwa mwalimu wa shule.<ref name=qa/> Baada ya kumaliza elimu yake ya shule, mnamo 1948 alipata mafunzo ya uuguzi huko [[Sétif]], na kupata diploma yake mnamo 1951. Alifanya kazi katika hospitali za Kherrata, Guenzet na hatimaye Bougaâ ambako alikaa hadi 1956. Katika kipindi hiki, aliwatunza kwa siri wanachama wa Mujahideen.<ref name=dk/> Mnamo Juni 1955, alialikwa na Colonel Amirouche kujiunga na wanajeshi wa Jeshi la Ukombozi wa Kitaifa (ALN) katika Bonde la Soummam. Mnamo Agosti 1956, alishiriki kama muuguzi na mwanamke pekee katika Mkutano wa Soummam ambapo National Liberation Front (Algeria) ilifanya mipango ya uhuru.<ref name=qa/> Aliendelea kutumikia na Amirouche kama muuguzi na mpiganaji mwenye silaha hadi 27 Juni 1957 alipopigwa risasi na kuuawa na askari wa Ufaransa wakati akiwatunza majeruhi katika pango lililoko milimani magharibi mwa Bouïra. Jeshi la Ufaransa lilikuwa limeandaa shambulio kubwa dhidi ya eneo hilo ili kuwashinda wale waliokuwa wakipigania uhuru. Baada ya kufariki, Amirouche aliandikia familia yake, akisisitiza kwamba hakuwa tu amewatunza wapiganaji wa Mujahideen na kuwainua moyo, bali alikuwa amekuwa mpiganaji wa kweli mwenyewe.<ref name=qa/> Stempu ya posta ya kumbukumbu ilitolewa kwa heshima yake mnamo 2019.<ref name=poste/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lastdodo.fr/fr/areas/4695979-malika-gaid-1933-1958|title=Malika Gaïd (1933-1958) timbres-poste catalogue|publisher=LastDodo|accessdate=6 January 2021|language=French|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126194906/https://www.lastdodo.fr/fr/areas/4695979-malika-gaid-1933-1958|archive-date=26 November 2024|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1957]] gfuzu74ettdvecejtlxfmxlq8f73ltv 0 256579 1612553 2026-11-02T11:55:55Z Mandago8 92940 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Betty Ann Olsen''' (22 Oktoba 1934 – 26 Septemba 1968) alikuwa [[muuguzi|muuguzi]] na misionari wa Kimarekani aliyezaliwa Afrika. Aliuawa akiwa uhamishoni kama mfungwa wa vita na Jeshi la Kaskazini mwa Vietnam wakati wa Vita vya Vietnam. == Maisha ya zamani == Betty Olsen alizaliwa mnamo 22 Oktoba 1934, huko [[Bouaké]],Afrika ya Magharibi ya Ufaransa, ambayo leo ni [[Ivory Coast|Côte d'Ivoire]], akiwa mmoja wa binti wawili wa wamisionari Walter Ols...' 1612553 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Betty Ann Olsen''' (22 Oktoba 1934 – 26 Septemba 1968) alikuwa [[muuguzi|muuguzi]] na misionari wa Kimarekani aliyezaliwa Afrika. Aliuawa akiwa uhamishoni kama mfungwa wa vita na Jeshi la Kaskazini mwa Vietnam wakati wa Vita vya Vietnam. == Maisha ya zamani == Betty Olsen alizaliwa mnamo 22 Oktoba 1934, huko [[Bouaké]],Afrika ya Magharibi ya Ufaransa, ambayo leo ni [[Ivory Coast|Côte d'Ivoire]], akiwa mmoja wa binti wawili wa wamisionari Walter Olsen na Elizabeth Olson, waliokuwa wakihudumu na shirika la Christian and Missionary Alliance. Alihudhuria shule ya watoto wa wamisionari umbali fulani kutoka kwa wazazi wake kwa ajili ya elimu yake ya msingi. Kwa shule ya sekondari, alihudhuria Hampden-Dubois Academy huko Mount Dora, Florida, ambayo wakati huo ilikuwa shule ya bweni iliyokuwa ikihudumia mara kwa mara watoto wa wamisionari. Akiwa hapo kwenye akademie aliamua kuweka maisha yake wakfu kuwa misionari. Olsen alipata mafunzo kama muuguzi katika Hospitali ya Brooklyn Methodist kuanzia 1953 hadi 1956. Alifanya kazi kama muuguzi wa uzazi katika Hospitali ya Nyack Hospital wakati akihudhuria Chuo cha Wamisionari cha Nyack (Nyack Missionary College) huko Nyack, New York. Alihitimu mnamo 1962 akibobea katika fani ya umisheni. Walakini, alisita kidogo kuhusu hamu yake ya kufanya kazi ya umishonari, huku akiandika "Nakumbuka nikimwambia Bwana wakati huu kwamba ikiwa hili ndilo pekee lililopo katika maisha ya Kikristo, basi sitaki." Kwa muda alikaa na wazazi wake walipokuwa [[Seattle]], kisha akaenda [[Chicago]] na kufanya kazi kama muuguzi wa uzazi katika Hospitali ya West Suburban Hospital. == Kazi ya umisionari na kutekwa == Mnamo 1963, aliamua tena kufanya kazi ya umishonari na kuomba kwa mafanikio katika shirika la Christian and Missionary Alliance. Mwaka uliofuata, alipata mafunzo katika koloni la wakoma (leprosarium) huko [[Hong Kong]] kujiandaa na kazi huko [[Vietnam]] wakati wa Vita vya Vietnam. Aliandika "Wengi ambao nimewaambia kuhusu kwenda Vietnam wana wasiwasi mkubwa, na ninathamini hili; hata hivyo, sina wasiwasi, na nina amani kubwa. Najua kwamba ninaweza nisirudi kamwe, lakini najua niko katikati ya mapenzi ya Bwana na Vietnam ndiyo mahali pangu." Olsen alitumwa [[Da Nang]], ambako alifanya kazi katika hospitali ya wamishonari na kusoma Kivietnam. Siku mbili kwa wiki alifundisha Kiingereza kwa darasa la wanafunzi sitini wa Kivietnam, ambao wengi wao walikuwa vijana balehe. Aliambia mwandishi wa habari kuhusu wanafunzi wake "Wana hamu hasa ya kujua kuhusu Amerika. Niliwaambia kuhusu majengo marefu na reli za chini ya ardhi lakini nina hofu hawakuelewa reli za chini ya ardhi au kwa nini mtu yeyote angezistahili." Kila Jumamosi asubuhi alijitolea katika Klabu ya United ServiceOrganizations(USO) huko Da Nang, ambako alipata uangalifu kutoka kwa wanajeshi kama mwanamke pekee wa Kimagharibi katika jiji hilo, jambo lililompatia jina la utani "Belle of Da Nang". Alikataa miito yao yote ya kimapenzi, akamwambia mwandishi wa habari "Sipendezwi na mapenzi, na sina wazo lolote la kuolewa."<ref>{{Cite news|last=Boyle|first=Hal|date=May 9, 1965|title=No Romantic Interests for 'Belle of Da Nang'|work=Kilgore News Herald|publisher=Associated Press|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/611697826/}}</ref> Mwaka uliofuata, Olsen alitumwa kuendelea na maandalizi yake huko [[Da Lat]]. Eneo lake la mwisho lilikuwa ni kituo chake cha kazi katika koloni la wakoma nje kidogo ya Buôn Ma Thuột, jiji lililoko umbali wa maili 200 kaskazini mashariki mwa [[Ho Chi Minh City|Saigon]]. Kama mji mkuu wa mkoa, Buôn Ma Thuột ulikuwa moja ya shabaha za Tet Offensive mnamo Januari 1968. Kituo cha wamishonari kilipigwa mabomu na hatimaye kuvamiwa na wamishonari wanane kati ya kumi na watatu waliuawa au kufariki baadaye wakiwa kifungoni. Olsen alivumilia miezi kumi kifungoni, akiwa anatembezwa siku nzima kwa kulazimishwa, kupigwa, chakula kisichotosha, na bila huduma ya matibabu. Mfanyakazi mwenzake wa msaada wa kilimo kwa ajili ya United States Agency for International Development(USAID) aliyekuwa mfungwa mwenzake, Michael D. Benge, alikumbuka kifo cha Olsen mnamo 26 Septemba 1968: > Tuliruhusiwa kupumzika kwa siku kadhaa karibu na ghala la vifaa. NVA walituandalia mlo wa mchele, mahindi, njegere za mung na nyama kidogo. Pia, walipika miche ya mianzi ambayo nilikuwa nimeruhusiwa kuyaokota. Tulikuwa na njaa kali na tukameza chakula hicho kwa pupa, tukigundua kwamba miche ya mianzi ilikuwa machungu kuliko kawaida. > Ilikuwa iwe "chakula chetu cha mwisho cha jioni." Kabla hatujamaliza, tulikuwa na maumivu makali ya tumbo na kuhara damu. Wanajeshi walikuwa wametuwekea sumu kwa kuto Chemsha mianzi mara mbili ili kuondoa asidi. Aliposhindwa kutoka nje ya nyavu yake ya kulala (hammock), Betty alilala kwa siku tatu kwenye kinyesi chake mwenyewe kabla hajafa. Hawakuruhusu hata nimsafishe. Benge alisaidia kumzika Olsen msituni katika Mkoa wa Đắk Lắk karibu na mpaka wa [[Cambodia]]. == Tuzo na Heshima == Betty Olsen alitunukiwa tuzo ya heshima baada ya kifo chake kwa ajili ya "Kazi ya Kishujaa ya Matibabu" na serikali ya Vietnam. ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1934]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1968]] lwsh919yp0xcyh891aw60pi2hgluyep